FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™
VR 1.0
PT J
AU Gasperoni, NA
Xue, M
Palmer, RD
Gao, JD
AF Gasperoni, Nicholas A.
Xue, Ming
Palmer, Robert D.
Gao, Jidong
TI Sensitivity of Convective Initiation Prediction to Near-Surface Moisture
When Assimilating Radar Refractivity: Impact Tests Using OSSEs
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID LEVEL-II DATA; OKLAHOMA MESONET; BOUNDARY-LAYER; PART II; TORNADIC
THUNDERSTORMS; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; VARIATIONAL ANALYSIS; CLOUD
ANALYSIS; SYSTEM ARPS; FORT-WORTH
AB The Advanced Regional Prediction System (ARPS) three-dimensional variational (3DVAR) system is enhanced to include the analysis of radar-derived refractivity measurements. These refractivity data are most sensitive to atmospheric moisture content and provide high-resolution information on near-surface moisture that is important to convective initiation (CI) and precipitation forecasting. Observing system simulation experiments (OSSEs) are performed using simulated refractivity data. The impacts of refractivity on CI and subsequent forecasts are investigated in the presence of varying observation error, radar location, data coverage, and different uncertainties in the background field. Cycled refractivity assimilation and forecasts are performed and the results compared to the truth. In addition to the perfect model experiments, imperfect model experiments are performed where the forecasts use the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model instead of the ARPS. A simulation for the 19 May 2010 central plain convection case is used for the OSSEs. It involves a large storm system, large convective available potential energy, and little convective inhibition, allowing for CI along a warm front in northern Oklahoma and ahead of a dryline later to the southwest. Emphasis is placed on the quality of moisture analyses and the subsequent forecasts of CI. Results show the ability of refractivity assimilation to correct low-level moisture errors, leading to improved CI forecasts. Equitable threat scores for reflectivity are generally higher when refractivity data are assimilated. Tests show small sensitivity to increased observational error or ground clutter coverage, and greater sensitivity to the limited data coverage of a single radar.
C1 [Gasperoni, Nicholas A.; Xue, Ming] Univ Oklahoma, Ctr Anal & Predict Storms, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Gasperoni, Nicholas A.; Xue, Ming; Palmer, Robert D.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Palmer, Robert D.] Univ Oklahoma, Adv Radar Res Ctr, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Gao, Jidong] NOAA, OAR, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK USA.
RP Xue, M (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Ctr Anal & Predict Storms, 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM mxue@ou.edu
FU NSF [AGS-0750790, OCI-0905040, AGS-0802888, AGS-0941491, AGS-1046171,
AGS-1046081]
FX This work was primarily supported by NSF Grant AGS-0750790. The second
author was supported by NSF Grants OCI-0905040, AGS-0802888,
AGS-0941491, AGS-1046171, and AGS-1046081. The authors thank Tian-You
Yu, Richard Doviak, Dusan Zrnic, Jerry Brotzge, David Bodine, Daniel
Michaud, and Boon-leng Cheong for their input during project meetings.
The authors would also like to acknowledge Adam Clark for providing the
ETS code used in this study.
NR 48
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
EI 1520-0426
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 30
IS 10
BP 2281
EP 2302
DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-12-00038.1
PG 22
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 300HN
UT WOS:000330455100005
ER
PT J
AU Marchand, R
Mace, GG
Hallar, AG
McCubbin, IB
Matrosov, SY
Shupe, MD
AF Marchand, Roger
Mace, Gerald G.
Hallar, A. Gannet
McCubbin, Ian B.
Matrosov, Sergey Y.
Shupe, Matthew D.
TI Enhanced Radar Backscattering due to Oriented Ice Particles at 95 GHz
during StormVEx
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID POLARIMETRIC RADAR; MICROPHYSICAL PROPERTIES; ARCTIC CLOUDS; CIRRUS
CLOUDS; WINTER CLOUDS; WATER-CONTENT; CRYSTALS; DEPOLARIZATION; HABITS;
LIQUID
AB Nonspherical atmospheric ice particles can enhance radar backscattering and attenuation above that expected from spheres of the same mass. An analysis of scanning 95-GHz radar data collected during the Storm Peak Laboratory Cloud Property Validation Experiment (StormVEx) shows that at a least a small amount of enhanced backscattering was present in most radar scans, with a median enhancement of 2.4 dB at zenith. This enhancement will cause an error (bias) in ice water content (IWC) retrievals that neglect particle orientation, with a value of 2.4 dB being roughly equivalent to a relative error in IVVC of 43%. Of the radar scans examined, 25% had a zenith-enhanced backscattering exceeding 3.5 dB (equivalent to a relative error in IWC in excess of 67%) and 10% of the scans had a zenith-enhanced backscattering exceeding 6.4 dB (equivalent to a relative error in IWC in excess of 150%). Cloud particle images indicate that large enhancement typically occurred when planar crystals (e.g., plates and dendrites) were present, with the largest enhancement occurring when large planar crystals were falling out of a supercooled liquid-water layer. More modest enhancement was sometimes due to planar crystals, but it was also sometimes likely a result of horizontally oriented nonspherical irregularly shaped particles. The analysis also shows there is a strong correlation (about -0.79) between the change in slant 45 degrees depolarization ratio with radar scan elevation angle and the magnitude of the zenith-enhanced backscattering, suggesting that measurements of the slant depolarization ratio can be used to improve radar-based cloud microphysical property retrievals.
C1 [Marchand, Roger] Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Mace, Gerald G.] Univ Utah, Dept Atmospher Sci, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
[Hallar, A. Gannet; McCubbin, Ian B.] Univ Nevada, Desert Res Inst, Div Atmospher Sci, Reno, NV 89506 USA.
[Hallar, A. Gannet; McCubbin, Ian B.] Storm Peak Lab, Steamboat Springs, CO USA.
[Matrosov, Sergey Y.; Shupe, Matthew D.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Matrosov, Sergey Y.; Shupe, Matthew D.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Marchand, R (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, 408 ATG Bldg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM rojmarch@u.washington.edu
RI Shupe, Matthew/F-8754-2011; Hallar, Anna Gannet/I-9104-2012
OI Shupe, Matthew/0000-0002-0973-9982; Hallar, Anna
Gannet/0000-0001-9972-0056
FU Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the U.S. Department
Energy (DOE) as part of the Atmospheric System Research program;
National Science Foundation; NASA Cloud Sat project
FX The StormVEx campaign was supported by the Office of Biological and
Environmental Research of the U.S. Department Energy (DOE) as part of
the Atmospheric System Research program, the National Science
Foundation, and the NASA Cloud Sat project. The Desert Research
Institute's SPL is an equal opportunity service provider and employer,
and is a permitee of the Medicine Bow Routt National Forests. We would
especially like to thank and acknowledge the hard work of many people
who made this research possible, including the many DOE ATSC and ASR
staff (especially, Kevin Widener, Nitin Bharadwaj, Rich Coulter, and
Brad Orr), Storm Peak Laboratory (SPL) local volunteers, the Steamboat
Ski and Resort Corporation, the U.S. Forest Service, the Grand Junction
National Weather Service office, Stratton Park Engineering Company
(SPEC) Incorporated, and all of the graduate students (Betsy Berry,
Stewart Evans, Ben Hillman, Will Mace, Clint Schmidt, Carolyn Stwertka,
Adam Varble, and Christy Wall), who put considerable effort into
collecting data.
NR 46
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
EI 1520-0426
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 30
IS 10
BP 2336
EP 2351
DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-13-00005.1
PG 16
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 300HN
UT WOS:000330455100008
ER
PT J
AU Liu, QH
Cao, CY
Weng, FZ
AF Liu, Quanhua
Cao, Changyong
Weng, Fuzhong
TI Striping in the Suomi NPP VIIRS Thermal Bands through Anisotropic
Surface Reflection
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SATELLITE; MODEL
AB The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) thermal emissive band (TEB) M12 images centered at 3.7 mu m were analyzed and unexpected striping was found. The striping was seen from ascending orbit (daytime) over uniform oceans and has a magnitude of +/- 0.5 K aligned with the VIIRS 16 detectors in a track direction of 12 km. From the ocean surface, reflected solar radiation can significantly increase the M12 radiance under certain geometric conditions in which bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) becomes important. Using the Community Radiative Transfer Model (CRTM), developed at the U.S. Joint Center for Satellite Data Assimilation (JCSDA), M12 band image striping over a uniform ocean was found that was caused by the difference of sensor azimuthal angles among detectors and the contamination of solar radiation. By analyzing the VIIRS M10 and M11 bands, which are two reflective bands, similar striping images over the uniform oceans were found. The M10 and M11 radiance/reflectance can be used to determine the BRDF effect on the thermal emissive band M12, and eventually be used to remove the solar radiation contamination from the M12 band. This study demonstrated that the M12 image striping is a real instrument artifact. Whether to remove the striping or to utilize the striping information fully depends on the application.
C1 [Liu, Quanhua] Joint Ctr Satellite Data Assimilat, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Liu, Quanhua] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Cao, Changyong; Weng, Fuzhong] NOAA, NESDIS, STAR, Satellite Meteorol & Climatol Div, College Pk, MD USA.
RP Liu, QH (reprint author), Joint Ctr Satellite Data Assimilat, 5830 Univ Res Court, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM quanhua.liu@noaa.gov
RI Liu, Quanhua/B-6608-2008; Cao, Changyong/F-5578-2010; Weng,
Fuzhong/F-5633-2010
OI Liu, Quanhua/0000-0002-3616-351X; Weng, Fuzhong/0000-0003-0150-2179
NR 22
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
EI 1520-0426
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 30
IS 10
BP 2478
EP 2487
DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-13-00054.1
PG 10
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 300HN
UT WOS:000330455100019
ER
PT J
AU Gentine, P
Holtslag, AAM
D'Andrea, F
Ek, M
AF Gentine, Pierre
Holtslag, Albert A. M.
D'Andrea, Fabio
Ek, Michael
TI Surface and Atmospheric Controls on the Onset of Moist Convection over
Land
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION; FRACTION DIURNAL BEHAVIOR; PROBABILISTIC BULK
MODEL; COUPLED MIXED-LAYER; BOUNDARY-LAYER; SOIL-MOISTURE; EVAPORATIVE
FRACTION; RELATIVE-HUMIDITY; HYDROLOGIC PERSPECTIVE; SPATIAL VARIABILITY
AB The onset of moist convection over land is investigated using a conceptual approach with a slab boundary layer model. The authors determine the essential factors for the onset of boundary layer clouds over land and study their relative importance. They are 1) the ratio of the temperature to the moisture lapse rates of the free troposphere, that is, the inversion Bowen ratio; 2) the mean daily surface temperature; 3) the relative humidity of the free troposphere; and 4) the surface evaporative fraction. A clear transition is observed between two regimes of moistening of the boundary layer as assessed by the relative humidity at the boundary layer top. In the first so-called wet soil advantage regime, the moistening results from the increase of the mixed-layer specific humidity, which linearly depends on the surface evaporative fraction and inversion Bowen ratio through a dynamic boundary layer factor. In the second so-called dry soil advantage regime, the relative humidity tendency at the boundary layer top is controlled by the thermodynamics and changes in the moist adiabatic induced by the decreased temperature at the boundary layer top and consequent reduction in saturation water vapor pressure. This regime pertains to very deep boundary layers under weakly stratified free troposphere over hot surface conditions. In the context of the conceptual model, a rise in free-tropospheric temperature (global warming) increases the occurrence of deep convection and reduces the cloud cover over moist surfaces. This study provides new intuition and predictive capacity on the mechanism controlling the occurrence of moist convection over land.
C1 [Gentine, Pierre] Columbia Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Engn, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Holtslag, Albert A. M.] Wageningen Univ, Meteorol & Air Qual Sect, NL-6700 AP Wageningen, Netherlands.
[D'Andrea, Fabio] Ecole Normale Super, F-75231 Paris, France.
[Ek, Michael] Natl Ctr Environm Predict, Suitland, MD USA.
RP Gentine, P (reprint author), Columbia Univ, 500 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA.
EM pg2328@columbia.edu
RI Holtslag, Albert/B-7842-2010
OI Holtslag, Albert/0000-0003-0995-2481
FU National Science Foundation [NSF-AGS-1035986]
FX This work has been carried out as part of grant NSF-AGS-1035986 of the
National Science Foundation. The authors wish to thank Alan K. Betts for
his comments on the manuscript as well as Francoise Guichard and
Gert-Jan Steeneveld for providing the AMMA data used in this analysis.
NR 90
TC 40
Z9 40
U1 3
U2 31
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1525-755X
EI 1525-7541
J9 J HYDROMETEOROL
JI J. Hydrometeorol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 14
IS 5
BP 1443
EP 1462
DI 10.1175/JHM-D-12-0137.1
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 301KX
UT WOS:000330532300004
ER
PT J
AU Rosenberg, EA
Wood, AW
Steinemann, AC
AF Rosenberg, Eric A.
Wood, Andrew W.
Steinemann, Anne C.
TI Informing Hydrometric Network Design for Statistical Seasonal Streamflow
Forecasts
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID HYDROLOGICALLY BASED DATASET; CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; LAND-SURFACE
FLUXES; SOIL-MOISTURE; SNOW; PRECIPITATION; RUNOFF
AB A hydrometric network design approach is developed for enhancing statistical seasonal streamflow forecasts. The approach employs gridded, model-simulated water balance variables as predictors in equations generated via principal components regression in order to identify locations for additional observations that most improve forecast skill. The approach is applied toward the expansion of the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) Snowpack Telemetry (SNOTEL) network in 24 western U.S. basins using two forecasting scenarios: one that assumes the currently standard predictors of snow water equivalent and water year-to-date precipitation and one that considers soil moisture as an additional predictor variable. Resulting improvements are spatially and temporally analyzed, attributed to dominant predictor contributions, and evaluated in the context of operational NRCS forecasts, ensemble-based National Weather Service (NWS) forecasts, and historical as-issued NRCS/NWS coordinated forecasts. Findings indicate that, except for basins with sparse existing networks, substantial improvements in forecast skill are only possible through the addition of soil moisture variables. Furthermore, locations identified as optimal for soil moisture sensor installation are primarily found in regions of low to mid elevation, in contrast to the higher elevations where SNOTEL stations are traditionally situated. The study corroborates prior research while demonstrating that soil moisture data can explicitly improve operational water supply forecasts (particularly during the accumulation season), that statistical forecasts are comparable in skill to ensemble-based forecasts, and that simulated hydrologic data can be combined with observations to improve statistical forecasts. The approach can be generalized to other settings and applications involving the use of point observations for statistical prediction models.
C1 [Rosenberg, Eric A.; Steinemann, Anne C.] Univ Washington, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Rosenberg, Eric A.] Hazen & Sawyer PC, New York, NY 10018 USA.
[Wood, Andrew W.] NOAA, NWS Northwest River Forecast Ctr, Portland, OR USA.
[Steinemann, Anne C.] Univ Washington, Evans Sch Publ Affairs, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Steinemann, Anne C.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RP Rosenberg, EA (reprint author), Hazen & Sawyer PC, 498 Seventh Ave, New York, NY 10018 USA.
EM erosenberg@hazenandsawyer.com
RI Steinemann, Anne/E-1249-2015
OI Steinemann, Anne/0000-0001-7556-620X
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [NA11OAR4310150]
FX This research was supported by National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration Grant NA11OAR4310150. We sincerely thank the staff of
NRCS NWCC for their generous assistance, with special thanks to David
Garen, Tom Perkins, Gus Goodbody, Rashawn Tama, Jolyne Lea, and Cara
McCarthy. The thoughtful comments of Jessica Lundquist and three
anonymous reviewers are also gratefully acknowledged.
NR 39
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1525-755X
EI 1525-7541
J9 J HYDROMETEOROL
JI J. Hydrometeorol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 14
IS 5
BP 1587
EP 1604
DI 10.1175/JHM-D-12-0136.1
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 301KX
UT WOS:000330532300013
ER
PT J
AU Qi, YC
Zhang, J
Cao, Q
Hong, Y
Hu, XM
AF Qi, Youcun
Zhang, Jian
Cao, Qing
Hong, Yang
Hu, Xiao-Ming
TI Correction of Radar QPE Errors for Nonuniform VPRs in Mesoscale
Convective Systems Using TRMM Observations
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SURFACE REFERENCE TECHNIQUE; RAIN-PROFILING ALGORITHM; PRECIPITATION
RADAR; MELTING LAYER; BRIGHT BAND; REFLECTIVITY; ECHOES; WSR-88D; REGION
AB Mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) contain both regions of convective and stratiform precipitation, and a bright band (BB) is often found in the stratiform region. Inflated reflectivity intensities in the BB often cause positive biases in radar quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE). A vertical profile of reflectivity (VPR) correction is necessary to reduce such biases. However, existing VPR correction methods for ground-based radars often perform poorly for MCSs owing to their coarse resolution and poor coverage in the vertical direction, especially at far ranges. Spaceborne radars such as the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Precipitation Radar (PR), on the other hand, can provide high resolution VPRs. The current study explores a new approach of incorporating the TRMM VPRs into the VPR correction for the Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler (WSR-88D) radar QPE. High-resolution VPRs derived from the K-u-band TRMM PR data are converted into equivalent S-band VPRs using an empirical technique. The equivalent S-band TRMM VPRs are resampled according to the WSR-88D beam resolution, and the resampled (apparent) VPRs are then used to correct for BB effects in the WSR-88D QPE when the ground radar VPR cannot accurately capture the BB bottom. The new scheme was tested on six MCSs from different regions in the United States and it was shown to provide effective mitigation of the radar QPE errors due to BB contamination.
C1 [Qi, Youcun] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Qi, Youcun; Zhang, Jian] NOAA, OAR, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Qi, Youcun] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Cao, Qing; Hong, Yang] Univ Oklahoma, Adv Radar Res Ctr, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Cao, Qing; Hong, Yang] Univ Oklahoma, Hydrometeorol & Remote Sensing Lab, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Hong, Yang] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Civil Engn & Environm Sci, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Hu, Xiao-Ming] Univ Oklahoma, Ctr Anal & Predict Storms, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
RP Qi, YC (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM youcun.qi@noaa.gov
RI Hong, Yang/D-5132-2009; Hu, Xiao-Ming/D-8085-2011
OI Hong, Yang/0000-0001-8720-242X; Hu, Xiao-Ming/0000-0002-0769-5090
FU NOAA-University of Oklahoma [NA17RJ1227]
FX Major funding for this research was provided under NOAA-University of
Oklahoma Cooperative Agreement NA17RJ1227. This manuscript has greatly
benefited from the comments of anonymous reviewers.
NR 32
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1525-755X
EI 1525-7541
J9 J HYDROMETEOROL
JI J. Hydrometeorol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 14
IS 5
BP 1672
EP 1682
DI 10.1175/JHM-D-12-0165.1
PG 11
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 301KX
UT WOS:000330532300019
ER
PT J
AU Min, K
Bortnik, J
Denton, RE
Takahashi, K
Lee, JW
Singer, HJ
AF Min, Kyungguk
Bortnik, Jacob
Denton, Richard E.
Takahashi, Kazue
Lee, Jeongwoo
Singer, Howard J.
TI Quiet time equatorial mass density distribution derived from AMPTE/CCE
and GOES using the magnetoseismology technique
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE equatorial plasma mass density; magneto-seismology; toroidal-mode Alfven
waves
ID FIELD LINE DISTRIBUTION; ALFVEN-WAVE HARMONICS; STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS;
GEOMAGNETIC-FIELD; ELECTRON-DENSITY; CRRES DATA; MAGNETOSPHERE; MODEL;
FREQUENCIES; PULSATIONS
AB An inversion technique for estimating the properties of the magnetospheric plasma from the harmonic frequencies of the toroidal standing Alfven waves has been used to derive the global equatorial mass density covering radial distances from 4 to 9 Earth radii (R-E), within the local time sector spanning from 0300 to 1900h. This broad range of L shell extending to the outer magnetosphere allows us to examine the local time and radial dependence of the quiet time equatorial mass density during solar minimum and thereby construct a global distribution of the equatorial mass density. The toroidal Alfven waves were detected with magnetometers on the Active Magnetospheric Particle Tracer Explorers (AMPTE)/Charge Composition Explorer (CCE) during the nearly 5year interval from August 1984 to January 1989 and on the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES) (10, 11, and 12) for 2years from 2007 to 2008, both of which were operating during solar minimum years. The derived equatorial mass density, (eq), at geosynchronous orbit (GEO) monotonically increases with increasing magnetic local time (MLT) from the nightside toward the dusk sector. At other radial distances, (eq) has the same MLT variation as that of GEO, while the magnitude logarithmically decreases with increasing L value. An investigation of the Dst and Kp dependence shows that the median value of (eq) varies little in the daytime sector during moderately disturbed times, which agrees with previous studies. (eq) calculated from the F-10.7 dependent empirical model shows good agreement with that of CCE but overestimates that of GOES probably due to the extreme solar cycle minimum in years 2007-2008.
C1 [Min, Kyungguk; Bortnik, Jacob; Lee, Jeongwoo] Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
[Bortnik, Jacob] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[Denton, Richard E.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
[Takahashi, Kazue] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD USA.
[Lee, Jeongwoo] Kyung Hee Univ, Sch Space Res, Yongin, South Korea.
[Singer, Howard J.] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Min, K (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
EM kmin@auburn.edu
FU NASA [NNX11AD75G, NNX10AQ60G, NNX13AD62G, NAS5-01072]; NSF [AGS-1105790,
AGS-1106427]; International Scholarship of Kyung Hee University; JHU/APL
[937836]
FX We are grateful to Kunihiro Keika for useful discussion. J.B. was
supported by NASA grant NNX11AD75G. Work at Dartmouth College and JHUAPL
was supported by NSF grant AGS-1105790; R. E. D. was also supported by
NASA grant NNX10AQ60G, and K. T. was also supported by NSF grant
AGS-1106427. GOES and solar wind data were provided by CDAWeb at NASA
GSFC in Greenbelt, Maryland, USA. J.L. was supported by the
International Scholarship of Kyung Hee University. The work at Auburn
University was supported by NASA grant NNX13AD62G. This work was partly
supported by JHU/APL Subcontract No. 937836 to the New Jersey Institute
of Technology under NASA Prime Contract No. NAS5-01072.
NR 31
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
EI 2169-9402
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 10
BP 6090
EP 6105
DI 10.1002/jgra.50563
PG 16
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 296JH
UT WOS:000330180600011
ER
PT J
AU Posch, JL
Engebretson, MJ
Witte, AJ
Murr, DL
Lessard, MR
Johnsen, MG
Singer, HJ
Hartinger, MD
AF Posch, J. L.
Engebretson, M. J.
Witte, A. J.
Murr, D. L.
Lessard, M. R.
Johnsen, M. G.
Singer, H. J.
Hartinger, M. D.
TI Simultaneous traveling convection vortex events and Pc1 wave bursts at
cusp latitudes observed in Arctic Canada and Svalbard
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE bow shock; traveling convection vortices; ion foreshock; electromagnetic
ion cyclotron waves; proton aurora
ID MAGNETIC IMPULSIVE EVENTS; FLUX-TRANSFER EVENTS; HOT FLOW ANOMALIES;
SOLAR-WIND; OCCURRENCE STATISTICS; MAGNETOMETER ARRAY; VORTICES;
SIGNATURES; MAGNETOSPHERE; PULSATIONS
AB Traveling convection vortices (TCVs), which appear in ground magnetometer records at near-cusp latitudes as solitary similar to 5 mHz pulses, are a signature of dynamical processes in the ion foreshock upstream of the Earth's bow shock that can stimulate transient compressions of the dayside magnetosphere. These compressions can also increase the growth rate of electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves, which appear in ground records at these same latitudes as bursts of Pc1 pulsations. In this study we have identified TCVs and simultaneous Pc1 burst events in two regions, Eastern Arctic Canada and Svalbard, using a combination of fluxgate magnetometers and search coil magnetometers in each region. By looking for the presence of TCVs and Pc1 bursts in two different sequences, we have found that the distribution of Pc1 bursts was more tightly clustered near local noon than that of TCV events, that neither TCVs nor Pc1 bursts were always associated with the other, and even when they occurred simultaneously their amplitudes showed little correlation. Magnetometer data from GOES-12 were also used to characterize the strength of the magnetic compressions at geosynchronous orbit near the magnetic equator. Compressions >2 nT at GOES-12 occurred during 57% of the Canadian TCV events, but during similar to 85% of the simultaneous TCV/Pc1 burst events. There was again little evident correlation between TCV and GOES-12 compression amplitudes. We have also documented unusually low EMIC wave activity during this deep solar minimum interval, and we attribute the low occurrence percentage of combined events in this study to this minimum.
C1 [Posch, J. L.; Engebretson, M. J.; Witte, A. J.; Murr, D. L.] Augsburg Coll, Dept Phys, Minneapolis, MN 55454 USA.
[Lessard, M. R.] Univ New Hampshire, Ctr Space Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Johnsen, M. G.] Univ Tromso, Tromso Geophys Observ, Tromso, Norway.
[Singer, H. J.] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.
[Hartinger, M. D.] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Posch, JL (reprint author), Augsburg Coll, Dept Phys, 2211 Riverside Ave, Minneapolis, MN 55454 USA.
EM posch@augsburg.edu
RI Hartinger, Michael/H-9088-2012
OI Hartinger, Michael/0000-0002-2643-2202
FU NSF [ATM-0827903, ANT-0838917, ANT-0840133, ARC-0806196, ANT-0839938,
ANT-0838910, ARC-0806338, AGS-1230398]; Norwegian Research Council
FX This research was supported by NSF grants ATM-0827903, ANT-0838917,
ANT-0840133, and ARC-0806196 to Augsburg College, and grants
ANT-0839938, ANT-0838910, and ARC-0806338 to the University of New
Hampshire. Work by M.D.H. was supported by NSF grant AGS-1230398. The
identification of events at Svalbard was performed while M.J.E. was a
visitor at the University of Oslo, supported by a grant from the
Norwegian Research Council. The Magnetometer Array for Cusp and Cleft
Studies (MACCS), Arctic Canada, is operated by Augsburg College. Search
coil magnetometers at Iqaluit, Sondrestromfjord, South Pole, Antarctic
AGOs, and four sites in Svalbard are operated jointly by Augsburg
College and the University of New Hampshire. We thank the institutes who
maintain the IMAGE Magnetometer Array. HOR is owned and operated by the
Institute of Geophysics of the Polish Academy of Science and NAL and LYR
by the Tromso Geophysical Observatory at the University of Tromso,
Norway. GOES satellite data are supplied by the Space Weather Prediction
Center, NOAA, Boulder, CO. The OMNI data are supplied by OMNIWeb Plus,
Space Physics Data Facility, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center,
Greenbelt, MD. We thank Harald Frey for helpful discussions.
NR 48
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
EI 2169-9402
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 10
BP 6352
EP 6363
DI 10.1002/jgra.50604
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 296JH
UT WOS:000330180600033
ER
PT J
AU Lee, IT
Tsai, HF
Liu, JY
Lin, CH
Matsuo, T
Chang, LC
AF Lee, I. T.
Tsai, H. F.
Liu, J. Y.
Lin, C. H.
Matsuo, T.
Chang, L. C.
TI Modeling impact of FORMOSAT-7/COSMIC-2 mission on ionospheric space
weather monitoring
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE FORMOSAT-7; COSMIC-2; ionospheric space weather; data assimilation
ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; TOTAL ELECTRON-CONTENT; DATA ASSIMILATION;
KALMAN FILTER
AB For the past decade, the paucity of ionospheric observations has made it almost impossible to reconstruct the three-dimensional structures of global ionospheric electron density. The Formosa Satellite-3/Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere and Climate (FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC, F3/C) constellation has provided ionospheric electron density profiles with high vertical resolution through radio occultation measurements. Slated for deployment starting in 2016, the FORMOSAT-7/COSMIC-2 (F7/C2) constellation will further provide more than 4 times the number of the F3/C occultation soundings. An observing system simulation experiment is conducted to determine the impact of F7/C2 on ionospheric weather monitoring. The results first show that the F7/C2 observations can reconstruct 3-D ionospheric structure with a data accumulation period of 1h, which can advance studies of small spatial/temporal scale variation/signatures in the ionosphere. Comparing to assimilation results of F3/C, the assimilation system significantly reduces the error arising in the models and observations after assimilating synthetic observations of F7/C2. During this observing system simulation experiment period, the averaged root-mean-square error percentage for the results of F7/C2 is about 4.4%, lower than that of F3/C 7.3%. Furthermore, even with an assimilation window of less than 60min, the F7/C2 RMS errors still yield reliable values compared to the F3/C results. This paper represents a major advance in ionospheric weather monitoring for the future mission.
C1 [Lee, I. T.; Liu, J. Y.; Chang, L. C.] Natl Cent Univ, Inst Space Sci, Jhongli, Taiwan.
[Lee, I. T.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, High Altitude Observ, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Tsai, H. F.] GPS Sci & Applicat Res Ctr, Jhongli, Taiwan.
[Liu, J. Y.] Natl Space Org, Hsinchu 30078, Taiwan.
[Lin, C. H.] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
[Matsuo, T.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Matsuo, T.] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Liu, JY (reprint author), Natl Space Org, 8F,9 Prosper 1st Rd,Hsinchu Sci Pk, Hsinchu 30078, Taiwan.
EM jyliu@jupiter.ss.ncu.edu.tw
RI Chang, Loren/G-3722-2015; Liu, Jann-Yenq/Q-1668-2015;
OI Lin, Charles C. H./0000-0001-8955-8753
FU Newkirk Fellowship from the High Altitude Observatory of the National
Center for Atmospheric Research; National Science Foundation; Air Force
Office of Scientific Research Multidisciplinary University Research
Initiative [FA9550-07-1-0565]; Taiwan National Science Council (NSC)
[NSC 98-2111-M-008-008-MY3, NSC101-2111-M-008-002]; National Space
Organization (NSPO) [NSPO-S-101014]
FX I.T.L. is supported by a Newkirk Fellowship from the High Altitude
Observatory of the National Center for Atmospheric Research. The
National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the National
Science Foundation. T.M. is supported by the Air Force Office of
Scientific Research Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative
award FA9550-07-1-0565. This work is supported in part by Taiwan
National Science Council (NSC) grants, NSC 98-2111-M-008-008-MY3 and
NSC101-2111-M-008-002, and National Space Organization (NSPO) grants,
NSPO-S-101014. The authors also thank NSPO for providing the figures and
orbital information for the FORMOSAT-7/COSMIC-2.
NR 21
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
EI 2169-9402
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 10
BP 6518
EP 6523
DI 10.1002/jgra.50538
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 296JH
UT WOS:000330180600048
ER
PT J
AU Sirovic, A
Wiggins, SM
Oleson, EM
AF Sirovic, Ana
Wiggins, Sean M.
Oleson, Erin M.
TI Ocean noise in the tropical and subtropical Pacific Ocean
SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID ACOUSTIC AMBIENT NOISE; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; NORTH PACIFIC; BLUE WHALES;
SEA NOISE; TRENDS; WATERS; SOUNDS; ISLAND; WEST
AB Ocean ambient noise is well studied in the North Pacific and North Atlantic but is poorly described for most of the worlds' oceans. Calibrated passive acoustic recordings were collected during 2009-2010 at seven locations in the central and western tropical and subtropical Pacific. Monthly and hourly mean power spectra (15-1000 Hz) were calculated in addition to their skewness, kurtosis, and percentile distributions. Overall, ambient noise at these seven sites was 10-20 dB lower than reported recently for most other locations in the North Pacific. At frequencies <100Hz, spectrum levels were equivalent to those predicted for remote or light shipping. Noise levels in the 40Hz band were compared to the presence of nearby and distant ships as reported to the World Meteorological Organization Voluntary Observing Ship Scheme (VOS) project. There was a positive, but nonsignificant correlation between distant shipping and low frequency noise (at 40 Hz). There was a seasonal variation in ambient noise at frequencies >200Hz with higher levels recorded in the winter than in the summer. Several species of baleen whales, humpback (Megaptera novaeangliae), blue (Balaenoptera musculus), and fin (B. physalus) whales, also contributed seasonally to ambient noise in characteristic frequency bands. (C) 2013 Acoustical Society of America.
C1 [Sirovic, Ana; Wiggins, Sean M.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Oleson, Erin M.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Protected Species Div, Honolulu, HI 96814 USA.
RP Sirovic, A (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM asirovic@ucsd.edu
FU NOAA Fisheries Office of Science and Technology Ocean Acoustics Program;
Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center
FX We would like to thank the multitude of students, technicians,
engineers, and researchers who assisted with deployment and recovery of
HARPs and analysis and pre-processing of the HARP data, including Jake
Asher, Robin Baird, Jamie Barlow, Hannah Bassett, Simone
Baumann-Pickering, Tim Christianson, Scott Ferguson, Chris Garsha, Marie
Hill, Brent Hurley, John Hurwitz, Jason Larese, Lisa Munger, Ethan Roth,
Greg Schorr, Daniel Webster, and Chad Yoshinaga. John Hildebrand and Don
Ross provided valuable insights and a multitude of fascinating stories
on ocean noise. Thanks to Mark McDonald and Jason Gedamke for comments
on the manuscript. The research was funded by NOAA Fisheries Office of
Science and Technology Ocean Acoustics Program and by the Pacific
Islands Fisheries Science Center. HARPs were deployed near Palmyra under
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Special Use Permit No. 12533 and at Ladd
and Pearl and Hermes under Papahanaumokuakea Marine National Monument
Permit No. PMNM-2008-020.
NR 35
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 15
PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0001-4966
EI 1520-8524
J9 J ACOUST SOC AM
JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 134
IS 4
BP 2681
EP 2689
DI 10.1121/1.4820884
PG 9
WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
GA 295MH
UT WOS:000330119700024
PM 24116406
ER
PT J
AU Colosi, JA
Chandrayadula, TK
Voronovich, AG
Ostashev, VE
AF Colosi, John A.
Chandrayadula, Tarun K.
Voronovich, Alexander G.
Ostashev, Vladimir E.
TI Coupled mode transport theory for sound transmission through an ocean
with random sound speed perturbations: Coherence in deep water
environments
SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTH PACIFIC-OCEAN; ACOUSTIC PROPAGATION; SHALLOW-WATER; LONG-RANGE;
TEMPORAL COHERENCE; WAVE-PROPAGATION; INTERNAL WAVES; RANDOM-MEDIA;
FLUCTUATIONS; INTENSITY
AB Second moments of mode amplitudes at fixed frequency as a function of separations in mode number, time, and horizontal distance are investigated using mode-based transport equations and Monte Carlo simulation. These second moments are used to study full-field acoustic coherence, including depth separations. Calculations for low-order modes between 50 and 250 Hz are presented using a deep-water Philippine Sea environment. Comparisons between Monte Carlo simulations and transport theory for time and depth coherence at frequencies of 75 and 250 Hz and for ranges up to 500 km show good agreement. The theory is used to examine the accuracy of the adiabatic and quadratic lag approximations, and the range and frequency scaling of coherence. It is found that while temporal coherence has a dominant adiabatic component, horizontal and vertical coherence have more equal contributions from coupling and adiabatic effects. In addition, the quadratic lag approximation is shown to be most accurate at higher frequencies and longer ranges. Last the range and frequency scalings are found to be sensitive to the functional form of the exponential decay of coherence with lag, but temporal and horizontal coherence show scalings that fall quite close to the well-known inverse frequency and inverse square root range laws.
C1 [Colosi, John A.; Chandrayadula, Tarun K.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Voronovich, Alexander G.; Ostashev, Vladimir E.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
RP Colosi, JA (reprint author), Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM jacolosi@nps.edu
FU Office of Naval Research [322]
FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research Ocean Acoustics
Program Code (322).
NR 30
TC 6
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 3
PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0001-4966
EI 1520-8524
J9 J ACOUST SOC AM
JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 134
IS 4
BP 3119
EP 3133
DI 10.1121/1.4818779
PG 15
WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
GA 295MH
UT WOS:000330119700064
PM 24116510
ER
PT J
AU Zhao, X
Wang, D
Turvey, ST
Taylor, B
Akamatsu, T
AF Zhao, X.
Wang, D.
Turvey, S. T.
Taylor, B.
Akamatsu, T.
TI Distribution patterns of Yangtze finless porpoises in the Yangtze River:
implications for reserve management
SO ANIMAL CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE acoustic survey; encounter rate; finless porpoise; habitat preferences;
line transect sampling; moving average; reserve design
ID FRESH-WATER CETACEAN; NEOPHOCAENA-PHOCAENOIDES; CONSERVATION; ABUNDANCE;
EXTINCTION; LAST; ASIAEORIENTALIS; DOLPHINS; TRENDS; COUNT
AB The Yangtze finless porpoise (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis asiaeorientalis) is a highly threatened cetacean endemic to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River that has suffered a dramatic decline in recent decades. We characterize and quantify recent distribution patterns of porpoises in the Yangtze River in order to facilitate strategic management of existing in situ cetacean reserves and maximize effective utilization of limited conservation resources. We calculated porpoise relative abundance (encounter rate) using a 1-km moving average along the Yangtze main stem based on a combined visual and acoustic survey conducted in 2006. We then evaluated conservation priority areas based on encounter rates along the river. High-porpoise density areas (>0.20porpoiseskm(-1)) cover approximately one-third (33.9%, 599km) of the survey area and contain approximately two-thirds of the porpoise population, making them priority areas for porpoise conservation. In contrast, low-porpoise density areas (0.05porpoiseskm(-1)) cover 28.8% (509km) of the survey area but contain only 4.5% of the porpoise population, and may already be of little value for porpoise conservation. Five high-priority porpoise conservation sites and five sections that now contain few or no surviving porpoises are identified. Proposed spatial modifications to existing reserves and associated conservation recommendations are made for five existing protected areas along the Yangtze main stem, and we emphasize that some additional river sections should urgently be designated as new protected areas given their high porpoise density. Our approach for identifying conservation priorities may provide lessons for reserve design and management in other protected area networks.
C1 [Zhao, X.; Wang, D.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Hydrobiol, Key Lab Aquat Biodivers & Conservat, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.
[Zhao, X.] China Three Gorges Corp, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Turvey, S. T.] Zool Soc London, Inst Zool, London NW1 4RY, England.
[Taylor, B.] SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA Fisheries, La Jolla, CA USA.
[Akamatsu, T.] Fisheries Res Agcy, NRIFE, Ibaraki, Japan.
[Akamatsu, T.] Japan Sci & Technol Agcy, CREST, Tokyo, Japan.
RP Wang, D (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Hydrobiol, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.
EM zhaoxiujiang@foxmail.com; wangd@ihb.ac.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30730018, 31170501];
Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
[KSCX2-EW-Z-4]; Ministry of Agriculture of China; China Three Gorges
Corporation
FX This research was jointly funded by the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (30730018, 31170501), the Knowledge Innovation
Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KSCX2-EW-Z-4), the Ministry
of Agriculture of China and the China Three Gorges Corporation. The
field data used in this study were collected during the 2006 Yangtze
Freshwater Dolphin Expedition, and we are grateful to all of the
organizations and participants who made this survey happen. Special
thanks go to Miss Weina Guo of Oxford University for her translation of
an early version of the paper, and to Robert Pitman and Jay Barlow for
their careful edits and constructive comments. We also greatly
appreciate the further suggestions made by two anonymous reviewers.
NR 35
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 25
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1367-9430
EI 1469-1795
J9 ANIM CONSERV
JI Anim. Conserv.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 16
IS 5
BP 509
EP 518
DI 10.1111/acv.12019
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 294HV
UT WOS:000330037000007
ER
PT J
AU Eberhart, BTL
Moore, LK
Harrington, N
Adams, NG
Borchert, J
Trainer, VL
AF Eberhart, Bich-Thuy L.
Moore, Leslie K.
Harrington, Neil
Adams, Nicolaus G.
Borchert, Jerry
Trainer, Vera L.
TI Screening Tests for the Rapid Detection of Diarrhetic Shellfish Toxins
in Washington State
SO MARINE DRUGS
LA English
DT Article
DE diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP); diarrhetic shellfish toxins
(DSTs); okadaic acid; rapid screening test; LC-MS; MS; protein
phosphatase 2A (PP2A); enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA);
Jellett rapid test; Puget Sound
ID PHOSPHATASE INHIBITION ASSAY; OKADAIC ACID DETECTION; PROTEIN
PHOSPHATASES; POISONING TOXINS; MOUSE BIOASSAY; SPONGE TOXIN; MUSSELS;
HPLC; CONTAMINATION; HEALTH
AB The illness of three people due to diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) following their ingestion of recreationally harvested mussels from Sequim Bay State Park in the summer of 2011, resulted in intensified monitoring for diarrhetic shellfish toxins (DSTs) in Washington State. Rapid testing at remote sites was proposed as a means to provide early warning of DST events in order to protect human health and allow growers to test pre-harvest shellfish samples, thereby preventing harvest of toxic product that would later be destroyed or recalled. Tissue homogenates from several shellfish species collected from two sites in Sequim Bay, WA in the summer 2012, as well as other sites throughout Puget Sound, were analyzed using three rapid screening methods: a lateral flow antibody-based test strip (Jellett Rapid Test), an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a protein phosphatase 2A inhibition assay (PP2A). The results were compared to the standard regulatory method of liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS). The Jellett Rapid Test for DSP gave an unacceptable number of false negatives due to incomplete extraction of DSTs using the manufacturer's recommended method while the ELISA antibody had low cross-reactivity with dinophysistoxin-1, the major toxin isomer in shellfish from the region. The PP2A test showed the greatest promise as a screening tool for Washington State shellfish harvesters.
C1 [Eberhart, Bich-Thuy L.; Moore, Leslie K.; Adams, Nicolaus G.; Trainer, Vera L.] NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Marine Biotoxins Lab, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Harrington, Neil] Jamestown SKlallam Tribe, Sequim, WA 98392 USA.
[Borchert, Jerry] Washington State Dept Hlth, Food Safety & Shellfish Program, Olympia, WA 98504 USA.
RP Eberhart, BTL (reprint author), NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Marine Biotoxins Lab, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM bich-thuy.le.eberhart@noaa.gov; leslie.moore@noaa.gov;
nharrington@jamestowntribe.org; nicolaus.adams@noaa.gov;
jerry.borchert@doh.wa.gov; vera.l.trainer@noaa.gov
FU United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through their
National Estuary Program [PC-00J32601]; NOAA's National Center for
Coastal Ocean Sciences' Event Response program (NOAA ER)
FX We thank all SoundToxins and ORHAB partners for their dedication to
weekly sampling of coastal and Puget Sound waters. We acknowledge
University of Washington student intern Megan Stephens and University of
Washington Capstone Program student Matthew Choowong for their help in
the laboratory, and Nobuharu Inaba for reviewing this manuscript. We
also thank four anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. This
study was funded in part by the United States Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) through their National Estuary Program, via a contract
(PC-00J32601) and by NOAA's National Center for Coastal Ocean Sciences'
Event Response program (NOAA ER). This is NOAA ER publication #17.
NR 37
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 23
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 1660-3397
J9 MAR DRUGS
JI Mar. Drugs
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 11
IS 10
BP 3718
EP 3734
DI 10.3390/md11103718
PG 17
WC Chemistry, Medicinal
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 274QZ
UT WOS:000328622500008
PM 24084788
ER
PT J
AU He, T
Liang, SL
Yu, YY
Wang, DD
Gao, F
Liu, Q
AF He, Tao
Liang, Shunlin
Yu, Yunyue
Wang, Dongdong
Gao, Feng
Liu, Qiang
TI Greenland surface albedo changes in July 1981-2012 from satellite
observations
SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE surface albedo; Greenland; satellite observation; GLASS albedo; CMIP5;
IPCC AR5
ID NORTH-ATLANTIC OSCILLATION; ICE-SHEET; MODIS; REFLECTANCE; VARIABILITY;
TRENDS
AB Significant melting events over Greenland have been observed over the past few decades. This study presents an analysis of surface albedo change over Greenland using a 32-year consistent satellite albedo product from the global land surface satellite (GLASS) project together with ground measurements. Results show a general decreasing trend of surface albedo from 1981 to 2012 (-0.009 +/- 0.002 decade(-1), p < 0.01). However, a large decrease has occurred since 2000 (-0.028 +/- 0.008 decade(-1), p < 0.01) with most significant decreases at elevations between 1000 and 1500 m (-0.055 decade(-1), p < 0.01) which may be associated with surface temperature increases. The surface radiative forcing from albedo changes is 2.73 W m(-2) decade(-1) and 3.06 W m(-2) decade(-1) under full-sky and clear-sky conditions, respectively, which indicates that surface albedo changes are likely to have a larger impact on the surface shortwave radiation budget than that caused by changes in the atmosphere over Greenland. A comparison made between satellite albedo products and data output from the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project 5 (CMIP5) general circulation models (GCMs) shows that most of the CMIP5 models do not detect the significantly decreasing trends of albedo in recent decades. This suggests that more efforts are needed to improve our understanding and simulation of climate change at high latitudes.
C1 [He, Tao; Liang, Shunlin; Wang, Dongdong] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Liang, Shunlin; Liu, Qiang] Beijing Normal Univ, Coll Global Change & Earth Syst Sci, State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
[Yu, Yunyue] NOAA NESDIS STAR, M Sq Res Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Gao, Feng] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP He, T (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM the@umd.edu; sliang@umd.edu
RI Yu, Yunyue/F-5636-2010; Wang, Dongdong/M-1969-2014; liang,
shunlin/C-2809-2015; He, Tao/H-5130-2012
OI Wang, Dongdong/0000-0002-2076-576X; He, Tao/0000-0003-2079-7988
FU NOAA [NA09NES4400006]; Chinese 863 project [2013AA122800, 2009AA122100]
FX This work was supported by the NOAA grant (NA09NES4400006) to the
University of Maryland and the Chinese 863 project (2013AA122800) to
Beijing Normal University. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and
employer. We thank the GLASS, MERRA, CMIP5, and GC-Net teams for
providing the data used in this study. The GLASS albedo product is
produced by the Chinese 863 project (No. 2009AA122100) and available at
http:// glass-product.bnu.edu.cn/en/ and http://glcf.umd.edu/data/abd/.
We appreciate the valuable comments and suggestions from our three
anonymous reviewers.
NR 29
TC 10
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 20
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1748-9326
J9 ENVIRON RES LETT
JI Environ. Res. Lett.
PD OCT-DEC
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 4
AR 044043
DI 10.1088/1748-9326/8/4/044043
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 288IJ
UT WOS:000329604900050
ER
PT J
AU Werner, WSM
Smekal, W
Hisch, T
Himmelsbach, J
Powell, CJ
AF Werner, Wolfgang S. M.
Smekal, Werner
Hisch, Thomas
Himmelsbach, Julia
Powell, Cedric J.
TI Simulation of Electron Spectra for Surface Analysis (SESSA)for
quantitative interpretation of (hard) X-ray photoelectron
spectra(HAXPES)
SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED PHENOMENA
LA English
DT Article
DE Photoelectron spectra; Electron transport; Nanomorphology;
Nanostructures
ID LINE-SHAPE; SPECTROSCOPY; SCATTERING; CATALYSTS
AB For the interpretation of photoelectron spectra and in order to obtain quantitative information on the chemical structure of surfaces, one commonly makes a number of simplifying assumptions concerning the generation of the signal electrons, such as the neglect of photoelectron elastic scattering, and the anisotropy of photoelectron emission. While the effects of these assumptions for planar surfaces and for conventional X-ray sources has been investigated in detail in the past, the combined influence of the nanomorphology, the polarisation of the incoming beam and other processes playing a role in the photoelectron escape on the angular- and energy-distribution of emitted photoelectrons has not been clarified to date. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Database for the Simulation of Electron Spectra for Surface Analysis (SESSA) is a unique tool for interpretation of experimental data for nanostructured surfaces as well as for experimental design with photoelectron energies between 50 eV and 30 keV. SESSA has recently been modified to allow a user to simulate X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra of nanostructured surfaces, such as surfaces covered with rectangular islands, nanowires, pyramids, spheres, and layered spheres. The effect of the nanomorphology on the emitted angular and energy distribution of photoelectrons is investigated and comparison is made of simulated data with experimental results. Finally, the full potential of XPS for characterising nanostructures by a consistent analysis of the angular distribution of both the photoelectron peaks and their associated inelastic loss features is explored. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Werner, Wolfgang S. M.; Smekal, Werner; Hisch, Thomas; Himmelsbach, Julia] Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Appl Phys, A-1040 Vienna, Austria.
[Powell, Cedric J.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Surface & Microanal Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Werner, WSM (reprint author), Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Appl Phys, Wiedner Hauptstr 8-10, A-1040 Vienna, Austria.
EM werner@iap.tuwien.ac.at
NR 24
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 16
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0368-2048
EI 1873-2526
J9 J ELECTRON SPECTROSC
JI J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 190
BP 137
EP 143
DI 10.1016/j.elspec.2013.06.007
PN B
PG 7
WC Spectroscopy
SC Spectroscopy
GA 285ER
UT WOS:000329376900003
ER
PT J
AU Weiland, C
Rumaiz, AK
Lysaght, P
Karlin, B
Woicik, JC
Fischer, D
AF Weiland, C.
Rumaiz, A. K.
Lysaght, P.
Karlin, B.
Woicik, J. C.
Fischer, D.
TI NIST high throughput variable kinetic energy hard X-ray photoelectron
spectroscopy facility
SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED PHENOMENA
LA English
DT Article
DE HAXPES; Photoelectron spectroscopy; Synchrotron techniques
ID THERMAL-STABILITY; DIAMOND; BEAMLINE; SPECTRA; TIO2; SI
AB We present an overview of the National Institute of Standards and Technology beamline X24A at the National Synchrotron Light Source at Brookhaven National Lab and recent work performed at the facility. The beamline is equipped for HAXPES measurements, with an energy range from 2.1 to 6 keV with Si(1 1 1) crystals. Recent measurements performed at the beamline include non-destructive depth dependent variable kinetic energy measurements of dielectric and semiconductor films and interfaces for microelectronics applications, band alignment at buried interfaces, and the electronic structure of bulk-like materials. The design and operation of the current beamline will be discussed, as well as the future NIST beamline at NSLS II. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Weiland, C.; Karlin, B.; Woicik, J. C.; Fischer, D.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Rumaiz, A. K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Lysaght, P.] SEMATECH, Albany, NY 12203 USA.
RP Weiland, C (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM cweiland@bnl.gov
NR 30
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0368-2048
EI 1873-2526
J9 J ELECTRON SPECTROSC
JI J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 190
BP 193
EP 200
DI 10.1016/j.elspec.2013.04.008
PN B
PG 8
WC Spectroscopy
SC Spectroscopy
GA 285ER
UT WOS:000329376900010
ER
PT J
AU Baird, RW
Oleson, EM
Barlow, J
Ligon, AD
Gorgone, AM
Mahaffy, SD
AF Baird, Robin W.
Oleson, Erin M.
Barlow, Jay
Ligon, Allan D.
Gorgone, Antoinette M.
Mahaffy, Sabre D.
TI Evidence of an Island-Associated Population of False Killer Whales
(Pseudorca crassidens) in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands
SO PACIFIC SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID CYCLONIC EDDIES; MOVEMENTS; PATTERNS; WATERS
AB Two populations of false killer whales, Pseudorca crassidens, are recognized from Hawaiian waters: the Hawaiian insular population, an island-associated population found around the main Hawaiian Islands; and the Hawai'i pelagic population, found in offshore waters. This species has not been previously documented near the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. During a 2010 large-vessel survey throughout the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) surrounding the Hawaiian Islands, false killer whales from 11 encounters were individually photo-identified, and photos were compared among encounters and with a catalog of false killer whales from the main Hawaiian Islands. Individuals from three of the encounters, all in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands within the eastern part of the Papahanaumokuakea Marine National Monument, were the only ones documented that matched with false killer whales previously seen around the main Hawaiian Islands, and the matches were to individuals documented off Kaua'i in 2008 that were of unknown population membership. Two individuals from one of these three 2010 encounters were instrumented with satellite tags attached to dorsal fins, and their movements were documented over 4.6 and 52 days. Movements of the tagged individuals ranged from French Frigate Shoals to Middle Bank (between Nihoa and Ni'ihau) and included shallow nearshore waters and deep waters to 147 km from land. Combined, the photo-identification and satellite-tagging results suggest that there is a second island-associated population of this species in Hawai'i that primarily uses the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, with a range that overlaps with that of the main Hawaiian Islands insular population.
C1 [Baird, Robin W.; Mahaffy, Sabre D.] Cascadia Res Collect, Olympia, WA 98501 USA.
[Oleson, Erin M.] NOAA, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Honolulu, HI 96814 USA.
[Barlow, Jay] NOAA, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Gorgone, Antoinette M.] NOAA, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Beaufort, NC 98250 USA.
RP Baird, RW (reprint author), Cascadia Res Collect, 218 1-2 West 4th Ave, Olympia, WA 98501 USA.
EM rwbaird@cascadiaresearch.org
NR 15
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 6
PU UNIV HAWAII PRESS
PI HONOLULU
PA 2840 KOLOWALU ST, HONOLULU, HI 96822 USA
SN 0030-8870
EI 1534-6188
J9 PAC SCI
JI Pac. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 67
IS 4
BP 513
EP 521
DI 10.2984/67.4.2
PG 9
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 283PU
UT WOS:000329260300002
ER
PT J
AU Witherell, P
Grosse, IR
Krishnamurty, S
Wileden, JC
AF Witherell, Paul
Grosse, Ian R.
Krishnamurty, Sundar
Wileden, Jack C.
TI AIERO: An algorithm for identifying engineering relationships in
ontologies
SO ADVANCED ENGINEERING INFORMATICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Semantic relatedness; Ontology; Product development; Change management;
Interdependency; Consistency checking
ID SEMANTIC SIMILARITY; DESIGN; METHODOLOGY; RELATEDNESS; MANAGEMENT
AB Semantic technologies are playing an increasingly popular role as a means for advancing the capabilities of knowledge management systems. Among these advancements, researchers have successfully leveraged semantic technologies, and their accompanying techniques, to improve the representation and search capabilities of knowledge management systems. This paper introduces a further application of semantic techniques. We explore semantic relatedness as a means of facilitating the development of more "intelligent" engineering knowledge management systems. Using semantic relatedness quantifications to analyze and rank concept pairs, this novel approach exploits semantic relationships to help identify key engineering relationships, similar to those leveraged in change management systems, in product development processes. As part of this work, we review several different semantic relatedness techniques, including a meronomic technique recently introduced by the authors. We introduce an aggregate measure, termed "An Algorithm for Identifying Engineering Relationships in Ontologies," or AIERO, as a means to purposely quantify semantic relationships within product development frameworks. To assess its consistency and accuracy, AIERO is tested using three separate, independently developed ontologies. The results indicate AIERO is capable of returning consistent rankings of concept pairs across varying knowledge frameworks. A PCB (printed circuit board) case study then highlights AIERO's unique ability to leverage semantic relationships to systematically narrow where engineering interdependencies are likely to be found between various elements of product development processes. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Witherell, Paul; Grosse, Ian R.; Krishnamurty, Sundar] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Wileden, Jack C.] Univ Massachusetts Amherst, Dept Comp Sci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
RP Witherell, P (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts Amherst, NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM paul.witherell@nist.gov
FU National Science Foundation [0332508]
FX This material is based upon work supported by the National Science
Foundation under Grant No. 0332508.
NR 46
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1474-0346
EI 1873-5320
J9 ADV ENG INFORM
JI Adv. Eng. Inform.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 27
IS 4
BP 555
EP 565
DI 10.1016/j.aei.2013.06.003
PG 11
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering,
Multidisciplinary
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA 273HK
UT WOS:000328525700013
ER
PT J
AU Collier, BA
Farrell, SL
Long, AM
Campomizzi, AJ
Hays, KB
Laake, JL
Morrison, ML
Wilkins, RN
AF Collier, Bret A.
Farrell, Shannon L.
Long, Ashley M.
Campomizzi, Andrew J.
Hays, K. Brian
Laake, Jeffrey L.
Morrison, Michael L.
Wilkins, R. Neal
TI MODELING SPATIALLY EXPLICIT DENSITIES OF ENDANGERED AVIAN SPECIES IN A
HETEROGENEOUS LANDSCAPE
SO AUK
LA English
DT Article
DE Black-capped Vireo; distance sampling; disturbance; Golden-cheeked
Warbler; mark recapture; military training; point transect; unmodeled
heterogeneity
ID POINT-COUNT SURVEYS; LINE-TRANSECT; BIRD COMMUNITIES; HABITAT QUALITY;
MARK-RECAPTURE; DISTANCE; OCCUPANCY; ABUNDANCE; OBSERVER; FRAGMENTATION
AB Relating population density to spatially explicit habitat characteristics can inform management by directing efforts to areas with lower densities or focusing conservation and land protection on high-density areas. We conducted point-transect surveys for the endangered Golden-cheeked Warbler (Setophaga chrysoparia) and Black-capped Vireo (Vireo atricapilla) in the live-fire region of Fort Hood, Texas. We used mark recapture distance sampling and combined a Horvitz-Thompson estimator with a habitat-based, resource-selection gradient to estimate spatially explicit density for both species. We detected Golden-cheeked Warblers at 120 locations (202, 197, and 89 detected by primary, secondary, and both observers, respectively) and Black-capped Vireos at 173 locations (241, 255, and 107 detected by primary, secondary, and both observers, respectively). For Golden-cheeked Warblers, the average ( SE) composite detection probability estimate within a 100-m point-sample radius was 0.57 +/- 0.14, and for vireos it was 0.24 +/- 0.02. Estimated mean density (singing males ha(-1)) was 0.14 +/- 0.03 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.08-0.23) and 0.47 +/- 0.05 (95% CI: 0.38-0.60) for Golden-cheeked Warblers and Black-capped Vireos, respectively. Our analysis suggested evidence of heterogeneity in the detection process for both species, as well as imperfect detection at distance g(0), both of which would bias estimated densities if ignored. Additionally, both species exhibited spatial variability in estimated densities, with those areas that had higher occurrence probabilities typically having higher estimated density. In the absence of spatially explicit density prediction, managers must treat all losses of potential habitat for endangered species uniformly, despite likely differences in conservation value. Our approach could be used to ascertain areas of changing density in relation to changing habitat conditions over time and space.
C1 [Collier, Bret A.; Farrell, Shannon L.; Campomizzi, Andrew J.] Texas A&M Univ, Inst Renewable Nat Resources, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Long, Ashley M.; Morrison, Michael L.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Hays, K. Brian] Texas A&M Univ, Inst Renewable Nat Resources, Gatesville, TX 76528 USA.
[Laake, Jeffrey L.] Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Wilkins, R. Neal] East Wildlife Fdn, Corpus Christi, TX 78411 USA.
RP Collier, BA (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Inst Renewable Nat Resources, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
EM bret@tamu.edu
RI Farrell, Shannon/L-3215-2016
OI Farrell, Shannon/0000-0002-8265-3448
FU U.S. Army Integrated Training Area Management Program, Office of the
Secretary of Defense, Department of Defense
FX The U.S. Army Integrated Training Area Management Program, Office of the
Secretary of Defense, Department of Defense, provided funding support.
S. Manning, D. Petty, J. Tatum, and M. Marshall provided additional
indispensable logistical and field support. We gratefully acknowledge
the Geospatial and Information Technology Research group in the
Institute of Renewable Natural Resources for GIS support. We thank field
technicians M. Gasner, M. Boone, A. Stuckert, I. Walker, A. Hill, S.
Quasius, H. Pruett, A. Connor, J. Hennig, and S. Walters for their
efforts and contribution to data collection and management. We greatly
appreciate the excellent review comments from C. Handel, D. Diefenbach,
and an anonymous reviewer that helped clarify several topics in our
manuscript.
NR 66
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 36
PU AMER ORNITHOLOGISTS UNION
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0004-8038
EI 1938-4254
J9 AUK
JI AUK
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 130
IS 4
BP 666
EP 676
DI 10.1525/auk.2013.13017
PG 11
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 274EM
UT WOS:000328588800011
ER
PT J
AU Artioli, G
Bullard, JW
AF Artioli, Gilberto
Bullard, Jeffrey W.
TI Cement hydration: the role of adsorption and crystal growth
SO CRYSTAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Portland cement; nucleation and growth processes; computational
modelling
ID C-S-H; CALCIUM-SILICATE-HYDRATE; RESONANCE REACTION ANALYSIS; TRICALCIUM
SILICATE; PORTLAND-CEMENT; MICROSTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT; DICALCIUM
SILICATE; REACTION-KINETICS; INDUCTION PERIOD; NUCLEATION
AB Portland cement is a fundamental structural and binding material for industry and society. Its structural and physical properties at different scales show a complexity that can presently be barely managed through experimental and computational methods. State of the art problems and trends in cement studies will be briefly assessed from the point of view of the processes at the molecular scale.
C1 [Artioli, Gilberto] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Geosci, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
[Artioli, Gilberto] Univ Padua, Ctr Interdipartimentale Ric Studio Mat Cementizi, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
[Bullard, Jeffrey W.] NIST, Mat & Struct Syst Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Artioli, G (reprint author), Univ Padua, Dipartimento Geosci, Via Gradenigo 6, I-35131 Padua, Italy.
EM gilberto.artioli@unipd.it
RI Artioli, Gilberto/F-2149-2015
OI Artioli, Gilberto/0000-0002-8693-7392
NR 77
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 27
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1521-4079
J9 CRYST RES TECHNOL
JI Cryst. Res. Technol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 48
IS 10
SI SI
BP 903
EP 918
DI 10.1002/crat.201200713
PG 16
WC Crystallography
SC Crystallography
GA 260KR
UT WOS:000327594300014
ER
PT J
AU Qi, YC
Zhang, J
Zhang, PF
AF Qi, Youcun
Zhang, Jian
Zhang, Pengfei
TI A real-time automated convective and stratiform precipitation
segregation algorithm in native radar coordinates
SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE radar QPE; VPR correction; MCSs
ID TROPICAL SQUALL-LINE; REFLECTIVITY; IDENTIFICATION; SYSTEM; QPE
AB A new convective/stratiform (C/S) precipitation segregation algorithm was developed for applications with single radar volume scan data and in its native (spherical) coordinates. The new algorithm consists of two parts: the first is to find convective rainfall cores based on physical characteristics of different rainfall types, and the second is to delineate the full convective area through seeded region growing. The new scheme takes into account radar sampling characteristics and a variety of precipitation scenarios where the C/S delineation was relatively challenging. The new C/S delineation scheme has two impacts on radar quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE): (i) correctly separate convective and stratiform regions such that appropriate Z(e)-R relationships can be applied; (ii) correctly define the stratiform area such that a vertical profile of reflectivity (VPR) correction can be applied. The VPR correction is very important to reduce overestimation errors in radar QPEs associated with bright band. The new algorithm was tested on many events and showed improved performance over previous schemes, especially when handling strong bright band and melting graupels in stratiform precipitation. The new scheme was also tested in radar quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE) and it consistently reduced the root mean square error and mean absolute bias in the radar QPE when compared with gauges.
C1 [Qi, Youcun; Zhang, Pengfei] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Qi, Youcun] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Jian] NOAA, OAR Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
RP Qi, YC (reprint author), NOAA, NSSL, 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM Youcun.Qi@noaa.gov
FU NOAA's Hydro-Meteorological Testbed (HMT) program; NOAA - University of
Oklahoma [NA17RJ1227]
FX Major funding for this research was provided under NOAA's
Hydro-Meteorological Testbed (HMT) program and partial funding was
provided under NOAA - University of Oklahoma Cooperative Agreement
#NA17RJ1227.
NR 23
TC 19
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0035-9009
EI 1477-870X
J9 Q J ROY METEOR SOC
JI Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 139
IS 677
BP 2233
EP 2240
DI 10.1002/qj.2095
PG 8
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 270VT
UT WOS:000328348000021
ER
PT J
AU Gao, BC
Liu, M
AF Gao, Bo-Cai
Liu, Ming
TI A Fast Smoothing Algorithm for Post-Processing of Surface Reflectance
Spectra Retrieved from Airborne Imaging Spectrometer Data
SO SENSORS
LA English
DT Article
DE remote sensing; sensors; spectroscopy; smoothing; surface reflectance
ID ATMOSPHERIC CORRECTION; AVIRIS
AB Surface reflectance spectra retrieved from remotely sensed hyperspectral imaging data using radiative transfer models often contain residual atmospheric absorption and scattering effects. The reflectance spectra may also contain minor artifacts due to errors in radiometric and spectral calibrations. We have developed a fast smoothing technique for post-processing of retrieved surface reflectance spectra. In the present spectral smoothing technique, model-derived reflectance spectra are first fit using moving filters derived with a cubic spline smoothing algorithm. A common gain curve, which contains minor artifacts in the model-derived reflectance spectra, is then derived. This gain curve is finally applied to all of the reflectance spectra in a scene to obtain the spectrally smoothed surface reflectance spectra. Results from analysis of hyperspectral imaging data collected with the Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) data are given. Comparisons between the smoothed spectra and those derived with the empirical line method are also presented.
C1 [Gao, Bo-Cai] Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Liu, Ming] NOAA, Software Branch, Field Syst Operat Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Gao, BC (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Code 7232, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM gao@nrl.navy.mil; ming.liu@noaa.gov
FU US Office of Naval Research
FX The authors are grateful to Joseph W. Boardman of Analytical Imaging
Geophysics, Boulder, Colorado for useful discussions, and to Robert O.
Green of Jet Propulsion Laboratory for providing AVIRIS data used in
this study. This research is partially supported by the US Office of
Naval Research.
NR 16
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 7
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 1424-8220
J9 SENSORS-BASEL
JI Sensors
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 13
IS 10
BP 13879
EP 13891
DI 10.3390/s131013879
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 274SA
UT WOS:000328625300063
PM 24129022
ER
PT J
AU Guan, B
Molotch, NP
Waliser, DE
Fetzer, EJ
Neiman, PJ
AF Guan, Bin
Molotch, Noah P.
Waliser, Duane E.
Fetzer, Eric J.
Neiman, Paul J.
TI The 2010/2011 snow season in California's Sierra Nevada: Role of
atmospheric rivers and modes of large-scale variability
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE snow water equivalent; Sierra Nevada; atmospheric rivers; Arctic
Oscillation; Pacific-North American teleconnection pattern; El Nino;
Southern Oscillation
ID RIO-GRANDE HEADWATERS; EXTREME PRECIPITATION; GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT;
ARCTIC OSCILLATION; PACIFIC-OCEAN; WEST-COAST; SATELLITE; IMPACTS;
TEMPERATURE; CONNECTION
AB The anomalously snowy winter season of 2010/2011 in the Sierra Nevada is analyzed in terms of snow water equivalent (SWE) anomalies and the role of atmospheric rivers (ARs)narrow channels of enhanced meridional water vapor transport between the tropics and extratropics. Mean April 1 SWE was 0.44 m (56%) above normal averaged over 100 snow sensors. AR occurrence was anomalously high during the period, with 20 AR dates during the season and 14 in the month of December 2010, compared to the mean occurrence of nine dates per season. Fifteen out of the 20 AR dates were associated with the negative phases of the Arctic Oscillation (AO) and the Pacific-North American (PNA) teleconnection pattern. Analysis of all winter ARs in California during water years 1998-2011 indicates more ARs occur during the negative phase of AO and PNA, with the increase between positive and negative phases being approximate to 90% for AO, and approximate to 50% for PNA. The circulation pattern associated with concurrent negative phases of AO and PNA, characterized by cyclonic anomalies centered northwest of California, provides a favorable dynamical condition for ARs. The analysis suggests that the massive Sierra Nevada snowpack during the 2010/2011 winter season is primarily related to anomalously high frequency of ARs favored by the joint phasing of -AO and -PNA, and that a secondary contribution is from increased snow accumulation during these ARs favored by colder air temperatures associated with -AO, -PNA, and La Nina.
C1 [Guan, Bin; Molotch, Noah P.; Waliser, Duane E.; Fetzer, Eric J.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Guan, Bin] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Joint Inst Reg Earth Syst Sci & Engn, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[Molotch, Noah P.] Univ Colorado, Dept Geog, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Molotch, Noah P.] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Neiman, Paul J.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Guan, B (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, MS 233-300,4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM bin.guan@jpl.nasa.gov
RI Guan, Bin/F-6735-2010; Molotch, Noah/C-8576-2009
FU NASA [NNX08AH18G, NNXIIAK35A]; NSF [EAR1032295]; American Recovery and
Reinvestment Act (ARRA) funds; Water Resources Area of the NASA Applied
Sciences Program
FX This research was supported by NASA grants NNX08AH18G and NNXIIAK35A,
NSF grant EAR1032295, and by American Recovery and Reinvestment Act
(ARRA) funds. Additional support was provided by the Water Resources
Area of the NASA Applied Sciences Program. DEW's, EJF's, and BG's
contribution, and part of NPM's contribution, to this study were carried
out on behalf of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of
Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration.
NR 55
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 4
U2 33
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
EI 1944-7973
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 49
IS 10
BP 6731
EP 6743
DI 10.1002/wrcr.20537
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA 258BI
UT WOS:000327432500042
ER
PT J
AU Cohl, HS
AF Cohl, Howard S.
TI On a generalization of the generating function for Gegenbauer
polynomials
SO INTEGRAL TRANSFORMS AND SPECIAL FUNCTIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Euclidean space; polyharmonic equation; fundamental solution; Gegenbauer
polynomials; associated Legendre functions
ID EXPANSION; SERIES
AB A generalization of the generating function for Gegenbauer polynomials is introduced whose coefficients are given in terms of associated Legendre functions of the second kind. We discuss how our expansion represents a generalization of several previously derived formulae such as Heine's formula and Heine's reciprocal square-root identity. We also show how this expansion can be used to compute hyperspherical harmonic expansions for power-law fundamental solutions of the polyharmonic equation.
C1 NIST, Appl & Computat Math Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Cohl, HS (reprint author), NIST, Appl & Computat Math Div, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM howard.cohl@nist.gov
NR 30
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1065-2469
EI 1476-8291
J9 INTEGR TRANSF SPEC F
JI Integral Transform. Spec. Funct.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 24
IS 10
BP 807
EP 816
DI 10.1080/10652469.2012.761613
PG 10
WC Mathematics, Applied; Mathematics
SC Mathematics
GA 264HF
UT WOS:000327866900004
ER
PT J
AU Frechette, D
Collins, AL
Harvey, JT
Hayes, SA
Huff, DD
Jones, AW
Retford, NA
Langford, AE
Moore, JW
Osterback, AMK
Satterthwaite, WH
Shaffer, SA
AF Frechette, Danielle
Collins, Alison L.
Harvey, James T.
Hayes, Sean A.
Huff, David D.
Jones, Andrew W.
Retford, Nicolas A.
Langford, Alina E.
Moore, Jonathan W.
Osterback, Ann-Marie K.
Satterthwaite, William H.
Shaffer, Scott A.
TI A Bioenergetics Approach to Assessing Potential Impacts of Avian
Predation on Juvenile Steelhead during Freshwater Rearing
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID MERGANSER MERGUS-MERGANSER; SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; EASTERN VANCOUVER ISLAND;
PACIFIC SALMON; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; SEAWARD MIGRATION;
FEEDING-BEHAVIOR; GOOSANDERS; ABUNDANCE; ESTUARY
AB Avian predation on juvenile salmonids is an important source of mortality in freshwater and estuarine habitats when birds and salmonids overlap spatially and temporally. We assessed the potential impact of avian predation upon juvenile steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss in a coastal watershed in central California. We conducted stream surveys between 2008 and 2010 to determine the composition, distribution, and density of piscivorous birds in areas that provide rearing habitat for juvenile steelhead. The most commonly sighted bird species were common mergansers Mergus merganser and belted kingfishers Megacyrle alcyon. The density of avian predators varied spatially and temporally but was greatest in the estuary regardless of season and decreased with increasing distance from the estuary. In the absence of local predator diet data, we applied a bioenergetics model to estimate the potential predation on juvenile steelhead by mergansers and kingfishers in the Scott Creek estuary. Model parameters included (1) published values of bird energetic requirements and steelhead energy density, (2) the number of birds present in the estuary during the closure period (from stream surveys), and (3) the size frequency and abundance of steelhead present in the estuary during closure. We predicted the extent of predation for different values of steelhead in bird diets, accounting for uncertainty in the estimates using a Monte Carlo simulation approach. With the assumed contribution of steelhead to the diet ranging from 20% to 100%, the population of kingfishers foraging in the Scott Creek estuary had the potential to remove 3-17% of annual production, whereas mergansers had the potential to remove 5-54% of annual steelhead production. Our results suggest that predation by avian species, particularly mergansers, is an important source of mortality for threatened steelhead populations in central California and should be addressed in future salmonid research and recovery planning. Received February 13, 2013; accepted June 4, 2013
C1 [Frechette, Danielle; Collins, Alison L.; Hayes, Sean A.; Huff, David D.; Jones, Andrew W.; Retford, Nicolas A.; Osterback, Ann-Marie K.; Satterthwaite, William H.] SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Ecol Div, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Frechette, Danielle; Harvey, James T.] Moss Landing Marine Labs, Moss Landing, CA 95003 USA.
[Collins, Alison L.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Forest Sci, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Langford, Alina E.; Osterback, Ann-Marie K.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Moore, Jonathan W.] Simon Fraser Univ, Earth Ocean Res Grp, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
[Satterthwaite, William H.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Baskin Sch Engn, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Shaffer, Scott A.] San Jose State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, San Jose, CA 95192 USA.
RP Frechette, D (reprint author), SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Ecol Div, 110 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM danielle.frechette@gmail.com
RI Huff, David/A-8166-2008; Shaffer, Scott/D-5015-2009
OI Huff, David/0000-0001-9061-7685; Shaffer, Scott/0000-0002-7751-5059
FU California Sea Grant College Program [R/FISH-205]; California Department
of Fish and Game Fisheries Restoration Grant Program; University of
California-Santa Cruz [NSF DEB-1009018]; International Women's Fishing
Association Scholarship; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; California
State Parks; Briggs Family; CalPoly Swanton Pacific Ranch; Big Creek
Lumber
FX This project was funded by the California Sea Grant College Program
(R/FISH-205), the California Department of Fish and Game Fisheries
Restoration Grant Program, the University of California-Santa Cruz (NSF
DEB-1009018), and the International Women's Fishing Association
Scholarship. Site access and project support were provided by the U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service, California State Parks, the Briggs Family,
CalPoly Swanton Pacific Ranch, and Big Creek Lumber. S. Auten, B.
Dietterick, M. Pavelka, J. Webb, and C. Winchell were especially
helpful. This work would not have been possible without the help of the
technicians, interns, and volunteers that assisted with bird surveys,
especially T. Brown, I. Cole, E. Donnelly, J. Harding, B. Kohli, M.
Pavelka, J. Perez, B. Perlman, A. Soberij, and J. Toone. All protocols
were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at San
Jose State University and the University of California-Santa Cruz. All
birds were banded and carcasses collected under USGS master banding
permit 23411 issued to Shaffer.
NR 43
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U2 17
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
EI 1548-8675
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 33
IS 5
BP 1024
EP 1038
DI 10.1080/02755947.2013.816395
PG 15
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 264HP
UT WOS:000327867900018
ER
PT J
AU Henderson, MJ
Fabrizio, MC
AF Henderson, Mark J.
Fabrizio, Mary C.
TI Detecting Noncompliance in the Summer Flounder Recreational Fishery
Using a Mark-Recapture Growth Model
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID TUNA THUNNUS-MACCOYII; PARAMETERS; TAG; REPRODUCTION; CURVE
AB We used a mark-recapture growth model to investigate recreational angler compliance with minimum length regulations in a popular Chesapeake Bay fishery. Angler noncompliance can severely degrade the ability of fishery managers to avoid overexploitation and to achieve objectives of rebuilding plans. To discern noncompliance in the recreational fishery for Summer Flounder Paralichthys dentatus, we fitted a growth model to 3,474 recapture records from a tagging study conducted by volunteer anglers in Virginia from 2000 to 2011. Most of the tagged fish were small (i.e., sublegal size), and the average time at liberty was 86 d. Based on the growth model, Summer Flounder growth patterns changed at 34.7cm, possibly representing the length at which the majority of fish reach maturity. The mean size of harvested fish increased in response to increases in the minimum size limit, although harvest of sublegal fish continued. Throughout the 12years of the study, 33-79% of the tagged fish that were recaptured and harvested were predicted to be sublegal based on the growth model. The percentage of sublegal fish that were harvested increased dramatically when large (5cm) increases in minimum size limits were implemented. We conclude that Virginia recreational anglers responded to management regulations by adjusting the minimum size of harvested fish but that some anglers continued to harvest sublegal fish. Received April 9, 2013; accepted June 18, 2013
C1 [Henderson, Mark J.; Fabrizio, Mary C.] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Coll William & Mary, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
RP Henderson, MJ (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Ecol Div, 110 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM mark.henderson@noaa.gov
OI Henderson, Mark/0000-0002-5603-8302; Fabrizio, Mary/0000-0002-6115-5490
FU VIMS; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Sea Grant
Population Dynamics Fellowship
FX We thank the many people who developed, maintained, and participated in
the VGFTP. In particular, we thank Jon Lucy (VIMS), Claude Bain III
(VMRC), Susanna Musick (VIMS), Lewis Gillingham (VMRC), Todd Sperling
(VMRC), and Ann Burnet (VMRC). This manuscript benefited from comments
by Rob Latour (VIMS), Tracey Sutton (VIMS), Harry Wang (VIMS), Steve
Cadrin (University of Massachusetts Amherst), and Susanna Musick (VIMS).
This work was completed with funding from VIMS and the National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration Sea Grant Population Dynamics Fellowship
to M.J.H. This paper is Contribution Number 3309 of the Virginia
Institute of Marine Science, The College of William and Mary.
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PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
EI 1548-8675
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 33
IS 5
BP 1039
EP 1048
DI 10.1080/02755947.2013.820244
PG 10
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 264HP
UT WOS:000327867900019
ER
PT J
AU Goodman, A
Bromhal, G
Strazisar, B
Rodosta, T
Guthrie, WF
Allen, D
Guthrie, G
AF Goodman, Angela
Bromhal, Grant
Strazisar, Brian
Rodosta, Traci
Guthrie, William F.
Allen, Doug
Guthrie, George
TI Comparison of methods for geologic storage of carbon dioxide in saline
formations
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL
LA English
DT Article
DE CO2; Geologic storage; Saline formations; Resource estimates; Capacity
estimates
ID CAPACITY ESTIMATION; CO2; AQUIFERS; SCALE
AB Preliminary estimates of CO2 storage potential in geologic formations provide critical information related to Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) technologies to mitigate CO2 emissions. Currently multiple methods to estimate CO2 storage and multiple storage estimates for saline formations have been published, leading to potential uncertainty when comparing estimates from different studies. In this work, carbon dioxide storage estimates are compared by applying several commonly used methods to general saline formation data sets to assess the impact that the choice of method has on the results. Specifically, six CO2 storage methods were applied to thirteen saline formation data sets which were based on formations across the United States with adaptations to provide the geologic inputs required by each method. Methods applied include those by (1) international efforts - the Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum (Bachu et al., 2007); (2) United States government agencies - U.S. Department of Energy - National Energy Technology Laboratory (US-DOE-NETL, 2012) and United States Geological Survey (Brennan et al., 2010); and (3) the peer-reviewed scientific community - Szulczewski et al. (2012) and Zhou et al. (2008). A statistical analysis of the estimates generated by multiple methods revealed that assessments of CO2 storage potential made at the prospective level were often statistically indistinguishable from each other, implying that the differences in methodologies are small with respect to the uncertainties in the geologic properties of storage rock in the absence of detailed site-specific characterization. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Goodman, Angela; Strazisar, Brian; Guthrie, George] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, POB 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
[Bromhal, Grant; Rodosta, Traci] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA.
[Guthrie, William F.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Allen, Doug] Salem State Univ, Salem, MA 01970 USA.
RP Goodman, A (reprint author), US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, POB 10940, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA.
EM angela.goodman@netl.doe.gov
NR 34
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U1 0
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1750-5836
EI 1878-0148
J9 INT J GREENH GAS CON
JI Int. J. Greenh. Gas Control
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 18
BP 329
EP 342
DI 10.1016/j.ijggc.2013.07.016
PG 14
WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Energy & Fuels; Engineering,
Environmental
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 264TT
UT WOS:000327904600030
ER
PT J
AU Wang, QD
Griesmann, U
AF Wang, Quandou
Griesmann, Ulf
TI Versatile bilayer resist for laser lithography at 405 nm on glass
substrates
SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE photoresist; computer-generated hologram; maskless laser lithography;
zone plate array lithography
ID FABRICATION
AB We describe a simple bilayer photoresist that is particularly well suited for laser lithography at an exposure wavelength of 405 nm on glass substrates, which are often used for the fabrication of binary diffractive optics and computer-generated holograms. The resist consists of a poly-dimethyl glutarimide (PMGI) bottom layer that is used as an antireflection coating between a glass substrate and a positive or negative photoresist. The optical properties of the PMGI layer at 405 nm result in excellent suppression of reflections into the photoresist and good process latitude. (C) The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.
C1 [Wang, Quandou; Griesmann, Ulf] NIST, Phys Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Wang, QD (reprint author), NIST, Phys Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM quandou.wang@nist.gov
NR 18
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U1 1
U2 4
PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA
SN 0091-3286
EI 1560-2303
J9 OPT ENG
JI Opt. Eng.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 52
IS 10
AR 105104
DI 10.1117/1.OE.52.10.105104
PG 3
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 269PR
UT WOS:000328254600056
ER
PT J
AU Chen, AK
Delrio, FW
Peterson, AW
Chung, KH
Bhadiraju, K
Plant, AL
AF Chen, Antony K.
Delrio, Frank W.
Peterson, Alexander W.
Chung, Koo-Hyun
Bhadiraju, Kiran
Plant, Anne L.
TI Cell Spreading and Proliferation in Response to the Composition and
Mechanics of Engineered Fibrillar Extracellular Matrices
SO BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE fibronectin; collagen; combined matrix; stiffness; extracellular matrix
ID THIN-FILMS; I COLLAGEN; ADHESION RECEPTORS; BINDING-SITES; FIBRONECTIN;
SHAPE; VITRONECTIN; MICROSCOPY; STIFFNESS; FORCES
AB The extracellular matrix (ECM) consists of a complex mixture of biochemical and physical stimuli that together regulate cell behavior. In this study, we engineer a model ECM consisting of fibrillar Type-1 collagen plus fibronectin that allows systematic examination of the effects of matrix composition and mechanics on cells. On this combined protein matrix, cells exhibit intermediate degrees of spreading and proliferation compared to their responses on collagen or fibronectin alone. Adhesion to the combination matrix could be blocked by peptides containing the sequence arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) and by antibodies against 1 integrin, suggesting cell-matrix engagement was mediated by a combination of integrin receptors that recognize fibronectin and collagen. Regardless of integrin engagement, cells were sensitive to the mechanical properties of the combination ECM, suggesting that cells could process biochemical and mechanical cues simultaneously and independently. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2013;110: 2731-2741. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
C1 [Chen, Antony K.; Delrio, Frank W.; Peterson, Alexander W.; Chung, Koo-Hyun; Bhadiraju, Kiran; Plant, Anne L.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Chen, Antony K.] Peking Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Coll Engn, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Chung, Koo-Hyun] Univ Ulsan, Sch Mech Engn, Ulsan 680749, South Korea.
[Bhadiraju, Kiran] Univ Maryland, Fischell Dept Bioengn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Chen, AK (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM chenak@pku.edu.cn
RI CHEN, ANTONY/N-3460-2013; Chung, KooHyun/O-3042-2013
OI CHEN, ANTONY/0000-0002-4105-9741; Chung, KooHyun/0000-0002-9092-6784
FU National Research Council Fellowship
FX Contract grant sponsor: National Research Council Fellowship
NR 49
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Z9 7
U1 0
U2 14
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0006-3592
EI 1097-0290
J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOENG
JI Biotechnol. Bioeng.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 110
IS 10
BP 2731
EP 2741
DI 10.1002/bit.24921
PG 11
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA 262HQ
UT WOS:000327725400018
PM 23568715
ER
PT J
AU Chieng, N
Cicerone, MT
Zhong, Q
Liu, M
Pikal, MJ
AF Chieng, Norman
Cicerone, Marcus T.
Zhong, Qin
Liu, Ming
Pikal, Michael J.
TI Characterization of dynamics in complex lyophilized formulations: II.
Analysis of density variations in terms of glass dynamics and
comparisons with global mobility, fast dynamics, and Positron
Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy (PALS)
SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS AND BIOPHARMACEUTICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Freeze drying; Pharmaceutical stability; Glass dynamics; Density; Free
volume; PALS
ID STORAGE STABILITY; SOLID-STATE; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; PROTEIN
STABILIZATION; MOLECULAR MOBILITY; SORBITOL; AGGREGATION; TREHALOSE;
GLYCEROL; LIQUIDS
AB Amorphous HES/disaccharide (trehalose or sucrose) formulations, with and without added polyols (glycerol and sorbitol) and disaccharide formulations of human growth hormone (hGH), were prepared by freeze drying and characterized with particular interest in methodology for using high precision density measurements to evaluate free volume changes and a focus on comparisons between "free volume" changes obtained from analysis of density data, fast dynamics (local mobility), and PALS characterization of "free volume" hole size. Density measurements were performed using a helium gas pycnometer, and fast dynamics was characterized using incoherent neutron scattering spectrometer. Addition of sucrose and trehalose to hGH decreases free volume in the system with sucrose marginally more effective than trehalose, consistent with superior pharmaceutical stability of sucrose hGH formulations well below T-g relative to trehalose. We find that density data may be analyzed in terms of free volume changes by evaluation of volume changes on mixing and calculation of apparent specific volumes from the densities. Addition of sucrose to HES decreases free volume, but the effect of trehalose is not detectable above experimental error. Addition of sorbitol or glycerol to HES/trehalose base formulations appears to significantly decrease free volume, consistent with the positive impact of such additions on pharmaceutical stability (i.e., degradation) in the glassy state. Free volume changes, evaluated from density data, fast dynamics amplitude of local motion, and PALS hole size data generally are in qualitative agreement for the HES/disaccharide systems studied. All predict decreasing molecular mobility as disaccharides are added to HES. Global mobility as measured by enthalpy relaxation times, increases as disaccharides, particularly sucrose, are added to HES. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Chieng, Norman; Pikal, Michael J.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
[Cicerone, Marcus T.; Zhong, Qin] NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Liu, Ming] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Nucl Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Pikal, MJ (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Sch Pharm, 69N Eagleville Rd, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
EM michael.pikal@uconn.edu
OI Liu, Ming/0000-0002-4618-9537
FU NIH/NIBIB [R01 EB006398-01A1]
FX We acknowledge funding from NIH/NIBIB under Grant R01 EB006398-01A1.
NR 32
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U1 3
U2 25
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0939-6411
EI 1873-3441
J9 EUR J PHARM BIOPHARM
JI Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 85
IS 2
SI SI
BP 197
EP 206
DI 10.1016/j.ejpb.2013.03.036
PG 10
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 260DI
UT WOS:000327574800007
PM 23623797
ER
PT J
AU Vaz, C
Ho, KM
Daut, DG
Ge, Y
AF Vaz, Canute
Ho, Ka Mun
Daut, David G.
Ge, Yao
TI Estimation of Communications Channels Using Discrete Wavelet
Transform-Based Deconvolution
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Wavelet transforms; convolution; deconvolution; fading channel; agile
radio
ID SEPARATING KERNELS; IDENTIFICATION; DOMAIN; MODEL
AB In this paper a technique for the deconvolution of signals in the wavelet-domain is presented. It makes use of the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) implemented with filter banks, and is based on expressing the convolution of two signals using the Forward Merge Approach for DWT-based convolution. The DWT-based deconvolution technique is then applied to the problem of pilot-based channel estimation, which can be used in the design of wavelet-based agile radio systems.
DWT-based deconvolution is first described analytically and is then implemented in MATLAB to validate the theory and evaluate its performance. Monte Carlo simulations of DWT-based deconvolution of transmitted signals from received signals, both known a priori, are performed to estimate channel impulse responses. Transmitted signals are corrupted by Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) resulting in E-b/N-0 ratios ranging from 0 dB to 30 dB. Fast-fading channels with Gaussian and "hilly area" Power Delay Profiles (PDPs) are used, along with four different wavelets for the DWTs. The results of the simulations show that DWT-based deconvolution is a viable technique and its performance in some cases is comparable to direct discrete time-domain deconvolution.
C1 [Vaz, Canute] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Ho, Ka Mun] Cornell Univ, Cornell Lab Accelerator Based Sci & Educ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Daut, David G.; Ge, Yao] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
RP Vaz, C (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM kenvaz@nist.gov; ka-mun.ho@cornell.edu; daut@ece.rutgers.edu;
yaoge@eden.rutgers.edu
NR 31
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U1 0
U2 2
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0090-6778
EI 1558-0857
J9 IEEE T COMMUN
JI IEEE Trans. Commun.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 61
IS 10
BP 4186
EP 4195
DI 10.1109/TCOMM.2012.090513.110272
PG 10
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 260PG
UT WOS:000327606200015
ER
PT J
AU Rinella, DJ
Wipfli, MS
Walker, CM
Stricker, CA
Heintz, RA
AF Rinella, Daniel J.
Wipfli, Mark S.
Walker, Coowe M.
Stricker, Craig A.
Heintz, Ron A.
TI Seasonal persistence of marine-derived nutrients in south-central
Alaskan salmon streams
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE Alaska; aquatic macroinvertebrate; Dolly Varden (Salvelinus malma);
fatty acid; horsetail (Equisetum fluviatile); Kenai Peninsula;
marine-derived nutrients; seasonal persistence; stable isotopes
ID RIPARIAN FOREST GROWTH; JUVENILE COHO SALMON; PACIFIC SALMON;
SOCKEYE-SALMON; FRESH-WATER; SOUTHEASTERN ALASKA; COMMUNITY DYNAMICS;
ONCORHYNCHUS SPP.; STABLE-ISOTOPES; SPAWNING SALMON
AB Spawning salmon deliver annual pulses of marine-derived nutrients (MDN) to riverine ecosystems around the Pacific Rim leading to increased growth and condition in aquatic and riparian biota. The influence of pulsed resources may last for extended periods of time when recipient food webs have effective storage mechanisms yet few studies have tracked the seasonal persistence of MDN. With this as our goal we sampled stream water chemistry and selected stream and riparian biota spring through fall at 18 stations (in six watersheds) that vary widely in spawner abundance and at nine stations (in three watersheds) where salmon runs were blocked by waterfalls. We then developed regression models that related dissolved nutrient concentrations and biochemical measures of MDN assimilation to localized spawner density across these 27 stations. Stream water ammonium-N and orthophosphate-P concentrations increased with spawner density during the summer salmon runs but responses did not persist into the following fall. The effect of spawner density on delta N-15 in generalist macroinvertebrates and three independent MDN metrics (delta N-15 delta S-34 and omega 3:omega 6 fatty acids) in juvenile Dolly Varden (Salvelinus malma) was positive and similar during each season indicating that MDN levels in biota increased with spawner abundance and were maintained for at least nine months after inputs. Delta N-15 in a riparian plant horsetail (Equisetum fluviatile) and scraper macroinvertebrates did not vary with spawner density in any season suggesting a lack of MDN assimilation by these lower trophic levels. Our results demonstrate the ready assimilation of MDN by generalist consumers and the persistence of this pulsed subsidy in these organisms through the winter and into the next growing season.
C1 [Rinella, Daniel J.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Rinella, Daniel J.] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Environm & Nat Resources Inst, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Wipfli, Mark S.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Walker, Coowe M.] Kachemak Bay Natl Estuarine Res Reserve, Homer, AK 99603 USA.
[Stricker, Craig A.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Heintz, Ron A.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Auke Bay Labs, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
RP Rinella, DJ (reprint author), Univ Alaska Anchorage, Alaska Nat Heritage Program, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM djrinella@alaska.edu
FU Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustees Council
FX This work was funded by the Gulf Ecosystem Monitoring program, Exxon
Valdez Oil Spill Trustees Council. Steve Baird, Ori Badajos, Megan
Murphy, and Matt Rogers gave invaluable help in the field. Cayce
Gulbransen conducted the stable isotope analyses. Thanks to Matt
Rinella, Brandt Meixell, and Jacek Maselko for input on statistical
analyses and to Ted Otis, Nicky Szarzi, and David Westerman for help
with ADF&G spawner counts. The U.S. Forest Service Forest Health and the
Kachemak Bay Research Reserve provided laboratory and bunkhouse space in
Cooper Landing and Homer, respectively. Thanks to Jeff Falke and two
anonymous reviewers for constructive edits and comments. The use of any
trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. This work was conducted
under the University of Alaska Fairbanks IACUC protocol number 06-04.
NR 95
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U1 3
U2 42
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 4
IS 10
AR UNSP 122
DI 10.1890/ES13-00112.1
PG 18
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 257JT
UT WOS:000327380400005
ER
PT J
AU Banerjee, DK
AF Banerjee, Dilip K.
TI Uncertainties in steel temperatures during fire
SO FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Uncertainty; Heat transfer model; Monte Carlo method; Fire; Steel; Fire
resistance tests
ID MEMBER
AB In order to determine the fire resistance of steel members, steel temperatures must be estimated with a high confidence. There can be considerable uncertainty in temperatures of both protected and unprotected steels during fire exposure. This is due to uncertainty in the thermal boundary conditions and thermophysical properties. In this study, uncertainties in both unprotected and protected steel temperatures are estimated with the use of a Monte Carlo method in conjunction with a "Lumped Heat Capacity" approach for estimating steel temperatures. Computed data are compared with experimental measurements obtained during Cardington fire tests (bare steel) and National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) World Trade Center (WTC) tests (protected). Reasonable agreement was achieved. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 NIST, Mat & Struct Syst Div, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Banerjee, DK (reprint author), NIST, Mat & Struct Syst Div, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM Dilip.Banerjee@nist.gov
NR 18
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0379-7112
EI 1873-7226
J9 FIRE SAFETY J
JI Fire Saf. J.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 61
BP 65
EP 71
DI 10.1016/j.firesaf.2013.08.012
PG 7
WC Engineering, Civil; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 257EF
UT WOS:000327365700007
ER
PT J
AU Capotondi, A
AF Capotondi, Antonietta
TI ENSO diversity in the NCAR CCSM4 climate model
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
DE ENSO diversity
ID TONGUE EL-NINO; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; EQUATORIAL PACIFIC; WARM POOL;
OCEAN; IMPACT; EVENTS; PRECIPITATION; TEMPERATURE; REANALYSIS
AB In this study we examine ENSO diversity in a 500 year control simulation of the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Community Climate System Model version 4 (CCSM4), focusing on warm events. Standard and modified Nino3 and Nino4 indices are used to identify different event types. CCSM4 shows a rich diversity of El Nino flavors with characteristics that are comparable to what was found in observations, the SODA 2.0.2/3 ocean reanalysis, and the GFDL CM2.1 model, a climate model whose ENSO characteristics have been extensively analyzed. In agreement with previous studies available in the literature, warm events peaking in the central/western Pacific are characterized by wind stress and precipitation fields confined to the western side of the basin, and show weak or absent recharge/discharge thermocline processes. A heat budget analysis of four different El Nino flavors, peaking at different longitudes, confirms the leading role of the thermocline and zonal advective feedbacks in the Nino3 and Nino4 regions, respectively. However, the growth of events centered further west appears to be controlled by nonlinear zonal advection, a result that differs from what was found in the GFDL CM2.1 model, but that is consistent with some observational evidence.
C1 [Capotondi, Antonietta] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Capotondi, Antonietta] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Capotondi, A (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM Antonietta.Capotondi@noaa.gov
FU NSF [ATM-0918042]
FX The author thanks Pedro Di Nezio for his invaluable insights on the heat
budget analysis. The suggestions provided by two anonymous reviewers
have significantly improved the manuscript. This work was supported by
NSF grant ATM-0918042.
NR 39
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 10
BP 4755
EP 4770
DI 10.1002/jgrc.20335
PG 16
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 257JQ
UT WOS:000327380100001
ER
PT J
AU Bever, AJ
Friedrichs, MAM
Friedrichs, CT
Scully, ME
Lanerolle, LWJ
AF Bever, Aaron J.
Friedrichs, Marjorie A. M.
Friedrichs, Carl T.
Scully, Malcolm E.
Lanerolle, Lyon W. J.
TI Combining observations and numerical model results to improve estimates
of hypoxic volume within the Chesapeake Bay, USA
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
DE hypoxia; hypoxic volume; Chesapeake Bay; dead zone; water quality;
dissolved oxygen
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; DISSOLVED-OXYGEN; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; SKILL ASSESSMENT;
CLIMATE; VARIABILITY; MODULATION; DYNAMICS; SCIENCE; SYSTEM
AB The overall size of the dead zone within the main stem of the Chesapeake Bay and its tidal tributaries is quantified by the hypoxic volume (HV), the volume of water with dissolved oxygen (DO) less than 2 mg/L. To improve estimates of HV, DO was subsampled from the output of 3-D model hindcasts at times/locations matching the set of 2004-2005 stations monitored by the Chesapeake Bay Program. The resulting station profiles were interpolated to produce bay-wide estimates of HV in a manner consistent with nonsynoptic, cruise-based estimates. Interpolations of the same stations sampled synoptically, as well as multiple other combinations of station profiles, were examined in order to quantify uncertainties associated with interpolating HV from observed profiles. The potential uncertainty in summer HV estimates resulting from profiles being collected over 2 weeks rather than synoptically averaged approximate to 5 km(3). This is larger than that due to sampling at discrete stations and interpolating/extrapolating to the entire Chesapeake Bay (2.4 km(3)). As a result, sampling fewer, selected stations over a shorter time period is likely to reduce uncertainties associated with interpolating HV from observed profiles. A function was derived that when applied to a subset of 13 stations, significantly improved estimates of HV. Finally, multiple metrics for quantifying bay-wide hypoxia were examined, and cumulative hypoxic volume was determined to be particularly useful, as a result of its insensitivity to temporal errors and climate change. A final product of this analysis is a nearly three-decade time series of improved estimates of HV for Chesapeake Bay.
C1 [Bever, Aaron J.; Friedrichs, Marjorie A. M.; Friedrichs, Carl T.] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Coll William & Mary, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
[Scully, Malcolm E.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Lanerolle, Lyon W. J.] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Bever, AJ (reprint author), Delta Modeling Associates Inc, Suite 1074,870 Market St, San Francisco, CA 94102 USA.
EM aaron@deltamodeling.com
OI Bever, Aaron/0000-0002-2196-0831; Friedrichs,
Marjorie/0000-0003-2828-7595; Friedrichs, Carl/0000-0002-1810-900X
FU IOOS COMT Program through NOAA [NA10NOS0120063, NA11NOS0120141]; NSF
[OCE-1061564]
FX We would like to thank Ping Wang for providing the CH3D+ICM model
output. Wen Long and Raleigh Hood were also invaluable in providing
ChesROMS forcing files and guidance on running ChesROMS. Jeni Keisman
provided us with the Chesapeake Bay Program interpolator. Two anonymous
reviewers helped improve this manuscript. Funding for this study was
provided by the IOOS COMT Program through NOAA grants NA10NOS0120063 and
NA11NOS0120141. Additional funding was provided by NSF grant
OCE-1061564. This is VIMS contribution 3290.
NR 55
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 21
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 10
BP 4924
EP 4944
DI 10.1002/jgrc.20331
PG 21
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 257JQ
UT WOS:000327380100013
ER
PT J
AU Li, YL
Han, WQ
Shinoda, T
Wang, CZ
Lien, RC
Moum, JN
Wang, JW
AF Li, Yuanlong
Han, Weiqing
Shinoda, Toshiaki
Wang, Chunzai
Lien, Ren-Chieh
Moum, James N.
Wang, Jih-Wang
TI Effects of the diurnal cycle in solar radiation on the tropical Indian
Ocean mixed layer variability during wintertime Madden-Julian
Oscillations
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Review
DE diurnal cycle; sea surface temperature; Madden-Julian Oscillation;
CINDY; DYNAMO
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; ATMOSPHERIC
INTRASEASONAL VARIABILITY; WESTERN EQUATORIAL PACIFIC; WARM-POOL;
SATELLITE-OBSERVATIONS; SUMMER MONSOON; CLIMATE SYSTEM; PART I;
CONVECTION
AB The effects of solar radiation diurnal cycle on intraseasonal mixed layer variability in the tropical Indian Ocean during boreal wintertime Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) events are examined using the HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model. Two parallel experiments, the main run and the experimental run, are performed for the period of 2005-2011 with daily atmospheric forcing except that an idealized hourly shortwave radiation diurnal cycle is included in the main run. The results show that the diurnal cycle of solar radiation generally warms the Indian Ocean sea surface temperature (SST) north of 10 degrees S, particularly during the calm phase of the MJO when sea surface wind is weak, mixed layer is thin, and the SST diurnal cycle amplitude (dSST) is large. The diurnal cycle enhances the MJO-forced intraseasonal SST variability by about 20% in key regions like the Seychelles-Chagos Thermocline Ridge (SCTR; 55 degrees-70 degrees E, 12 degrees-4 degrees S) and the central equatorial Indian Ocean (CEIO; 65 degrees-95 degrees E, 3 degrees S-3 degrees N) primarily through nonlinear rectification. The model also well reproduced the upper-ocean variations monitored by the CINDY/DYNAMO field campaign between September-November 2011. During this period, dSST reaches 0.7 degrees C in the CEIO region, and intraseasonal SST variability is significantly amplified. In the SCTR region where mean easterly winds are strong during this period, diurnal SST variation and its impact on intraseasonal ocean variability are much weaker. In both regions, the diurnal cycle also has a large impact on the upward surface turbulent heat flux Q(T) and induces diurnal variation of Q(T) with a peak-to-peak difference of O(10 W m(-2)).
C1 [Li, Yuanlong; Han, Weiqing] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Shinoda, Toshiaki] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Environm Sci, Corpus Christi, TX USA.
[Wang, Chunzai] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Lien, Ren-Chieh] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
[Moum, James N.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Wang, Jih-Wang] Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Li, YL (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Campus Box 311, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM yuanlong.li@colorado.edu
RI Moum, James/A-1880-2012; Wang, Chunzai /C-9712-2009; Shinoda,
Toshiaki/J-3745-2016
OI Wang, Chunzai /0000-0002-7611-0308; Shinoda,
Toshiaki/0000-0003-1416-2206
FU NOAA [NA11OAR4310100]; NSF CAREER Award [0847605]
FX Y. Li and W. Han are supported by NOAA NA11OAR4310100 and NSF CAREER
Award 0847605. Insightful comments by three anonymous reviewers are very
helpful in improving our manuscript. We are grateful for the National
Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) CISL for computational support.
The buoy measurements for September-November 2011 used in this study are
obtained during CINDY/DYNAMO field campaign
(http://www.jamstec.go.jp/iorgc/cindy/;
http://www.eol.ucar.edu/projects/dynamo/). We would like to thank Allan
Wallcraft for the technical consultation on HYCOM model and Takeshi
Izumo for the benefiting discussion.
NR 132
TC 19
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 13
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 10
BP 4945
EP 4964
DI 10.1002/jgrc.20395
PG 20
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 257JQ
UT WOS:000327380100014
ER
PT J
AU Kerr, PC
Donahue, AS
Westerink, JJ
Luettich, RA
Zheng, LY
Weisberg, RH
Huang, Y
Wang, HV
Teng, Y
Forrest, DR
Roland, A
Haase, AT
Kramer, AW
Taylor, AA
Rhome, JR
Feyen, JC
Signell, RP
Hanson, JL
Hope, ME
Estes, RM
Dominguez, RA
Dunbar, RP
Semeraro, LN
Westerink, HJ
Kennedy, AB
Smith, JM
Powell, MD
Cardone, VJ
Cox, AT
AF Kerr, P. C.
Donahue, A. S.
Westerink, J. J.
Luettich, R. A., Jr.
Zheng, L. Y.
Weisberg, R. H.
Huang, Y.
Wang, H. V.
Teng, Y.
Forrest, D. R.
Roland, A.
Haase, A. T.
Kramer, A. W.
Taylor, A. A.
Rhome, J. R.
Feyen, J. C.
Signell, R. P.
Hanson, J. L.
Hope, M. E.
Estes, R. M.
Dominguez, R. A.
Dunbar, R. P.
Semeraro, L. N.
Westerink, H. J.
Kennedy, A. B.
Smith, J. M.
Powell, M. D.
Cardone, V. J.
Cox, A. T.
TI US IOOS coastal and ocean modeling testbed: Inter-model evaluation of
tides, waves, and hurricane surge in the Gulf of Mexico
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Review
DE storm surge; tides; waves; testbed; hurricane; inundation
ID SHALLOW-WATER EQUATIONS; LOWER MISSISSIPPI RIVER; SURFACE WIND FIELDS;
STORM-SURGE; NUMERICAL COMPUTATIONS; UNSTRUCTURED GRIDS; SOUTHERN
LOUISIANA; BOTTOM STRESS; FINITE-VOLUME; TAMPA BAY
AB A Gulf of Mexico performance evaluation and comparison of coastal circulation and wave models was executed through harmonic analyses of tidal simulations, hindcasts of Hurricane Ike (2008) and Rita (2005), and a benchmarking study. Three unstructured coastal circulation models (ADCIRC, FVCOM, and SELFE) validated with similar skill on a new common Gulf scale mesh (ULLR) with identical frictional parameterization and forcing for the tidal validation and hurricane hindcasts. Coupled circulation and wave models, SWAN+ADCIRC and WWMII+SELFE, along with FVCOM loosely coupled with SWAN, also validated with similar skill. NOAA's official operational forecast storm surge model (SLOSH) was implemented on local and Gulf scale meshes with the same wind stress and pressure forcing used by the unstructured models for hindcasts of Ike and Rita. SLOSH's local meshes failed to capture regional processes such as Ike's forerunner and the results from the Gulf scale mesh further suggest shortcomings may be due to a combination of poor mesh resolution, missing internal physics such as tides and nonlinear advection, and SLOSH's internal frictional parameterization. In addition, these models were benchmarked to assess and compare execution speed and scalability for a prototypical operational simulation. It was apparent that a higher number of computational cores are needed for the unstructured models to meet similar operational implementation requirements to SLOSH, and that some of them could benefit from improved parallelization and faster execution speed.
C1 [Kerr, P. C.; Donahue, A. S.; Westerink, J. J.; Hope, M. E.; Estes, R. M.; Dominguez, R. A.; Dunbar, R. P.; Semeraro, L. N.; Westerink, H. J.; Kennedy, A. B.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Civil & Environm Engn & Earth Sci, South Bend, IN 46556 USA.
[Luettich, R. A., Jr.] Univ N Carolina, Inst Marine Sci, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
[Zheng, L. Y.; Weisberg, R. H.; Huang, Y.] Univ S Florida, Coll Marine Sci, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Wang, H. V.; Teng, Y.; Forrest, D. R.] Coll William & Mary, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Williamsburg, VA USA.
[Roland, A.] Tech Univ Darmstadt, Inst Hydraul & Water Resources Engn, Darmstadt, Germany.
[Haase, A. T.; Kramer, A. W.; Taylor, A. A.] NOAA, Meteorol Dev Lab, Natl Weather Serv, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Rhome, J. R.] NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Miami, FL USA.
[Feyen, J. C.] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Signell, R. P.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Res Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Hanson, J. L.] US Army Corps Engineers, Engineer Res Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS USA.
[Smith, J. M.] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS USA.
[Powell, M. D.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Labs, Hurricane Res Div, Tallahassee, FL USA.
[Cardone, V. J.; Cox, A. T.] Ocean Weather Inc, New Canaan, CT USA.
RP Kerr, PC (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Civil & Environm Engn & Earth Sci, 156 Fitzpatrick Hall, South Bend, IN 46556 USA.
EM PCorbittKerr@gmail.com
RI Kennedy, Andrew/E-4746-2011; Powell, Mark/I-4963-2013;
OI Kennedy, Andrew/0000-0002-7254-1346; Powell, Mark/0000-0002-4890-8945;
Donahue, Aaron/0000-0002-4710-753X; Signell, Richard/0000-0003-0682-9613
FU NOAA via the U.S. IOOS Office [NA10NOS0120063, NA11NOS0120141]; National
Science Foundation [OCI-1053575]
FX This project was supported by NOAA via the U.S. IOOS Office (award:
NA10NOS0120063 and NA11NOS0120141) and was managed by the Southeastern
Universities Research Association. In addition, this work used the
Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), which is
supported by National Science Foundation grant OCI-1053575.
NR 104
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 7
U2 35
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 10
BP 5129
EP 5172
DI 10.1002/jgrc.20376
PG 44
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 257JQ
UT WOS:000327380100026
ER
PT J
AU Thomas, AC
Mendelssohn, R
Weatherbee, R
AF Thomas, Andrew C.
Mendelssohn, Roy
Weatherbee, Ryan
TI Background trends in California Current surface chlorophyll
concentrations: A state-space view
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
DE chlorophyll; California Current; satellite data; trends; state-space
models
ID SATELLITE-DERIVED CHLOROPHYLL; EL-NINO; CLIMATE INDEXES; A
CONCENTRATION; CURRENT SYSTEM; WIND-STRESS; TIME-SERIES; LONG-TERM;
VARIABILITY; PHYTOPLANKTON
AB State-space models are applied to 13 years of monthly satellite-measured chlorophyll concentrations of the California Current, from British Columbia to Baja California, to isolate the slowly varying background trend from potentially nonstationary seasonal cycles, other higher-frequency cyclical variability, and an irregular plus measurement error signal. Temporal patterns in resulting background trends cluster into four dominant groups, three of which have increasing trends, the strongest of which extends over the coastal upwelling region from southern Oregon to Point Conception, California, and has a mean of 0.118 mg CHL m(-3) decade(-1). Overall, statistically significant increasing trends are observed over 75% of the study area, 20% of the study area had no trend, and 5% showed decreasing chlorophyll. Location-specific trend estimation shows increases are strongest (> 0.2 mg CHL m(-3) decade(-1)) in upwelling areas along the Washington, Oregon and central California coasts, weaker in regions>200 km offshore, and that positive trends are statistically significant over most of the California Current north of approximate to 27 degrees N. Negative trends are evident south of approximate to 31 degrees N off Baja California. These trends remain significant with similar spatial pattern, but lower magnitude, when the 1997-1998 El Nino period is removed from the analysis. State-space models of trends in alongshore wind stress and sea surface temperature over the same period indicate that local mechanisms linked to these chlorophyll trends are not clear. Comparisons of the chlorophyll trends to nonlocal signals, characterized by the North Pacific Gyre Oscillation and the Multivariate El Nino Index, map the spatially varying ecological footprint of these basin-scale signals.
C1 [Thomas, Andrew C.; Weatherbee, Ryan] Univ Maine, Sch Marine Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Mendelssohn, Roy] NOAA, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Pacific Grove, CA USA.
RP Thomas, AC (reprint author), Univ Maine, Sch Marine Sci, 5706 Aubert Hall, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
EM thomas@maine.edu
FU NSF as part of the U.S. GLOBEC Project [OCE-0815051, OCE-0814413]
FX We thank M. Di Lorenzo and other co-PIs on the U.S. GLOBEC project POBEX
(http://pobex.org) for continuing interaction and many helpful
discussions and the NASA Ocean Color group for access to the SeaWiFS
data. Martyna Marczak and Victor Gomez provided assistance on the MATLAB
implementation of state-space models. Three reviewers provided valuable
comments and questions resulting in a clearer presentation. Funding for
this work was provided by NSF as part of the U.S. GLOBEC Project with
grants to ACT (OCE-0815051 and OCE-0814413). US GLOBEC contribution
number 733.
NR 59
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 14
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 10
BP 5296
EP 5311
DI 10.1002/jgrc.20365
PG 16
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 257JQ
UT WOS:000327380100035
ER
PT J
AU Manzello, D
Enochs, I
Musielewicz, S
Carlton, R
Gledhill, D
AF Manzello, Derek
Enochs, Ian
Musielewicz, Sylvia
Carlton, Renee
Gledhill, Dwight
TI Tropical cyclones cause CaCO3 undersaturation of coral reef seawater in
a high-CO2 world
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
DE climate change; seawater freshening; coral reef erosion; ocean
acidification; global warming; calcium carbonate undersaturation
ID CARBONATE SATURATION STATE; OCEAN ACIDIFICATION; ISHIGAKI ISLAND;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; FRINGING-REEF; DIOXIDE; WATER; CALCIFICATION;
DISSOLUTION; HURRICANES
AB Ocean acidification is the global decline in seawater pH and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) saturation state () due to the uptake of anthropogenic CO2 by the world's oceans. Acidification impairs CaCO3 shell and skeleton construction by marine organisms. Coral reefs are particularly vulnerable, as they are constructed by the CaCO3 skeletons of corals and other calcifiers. We understand relatively little about how coral reefs will respond to ocean acidification in combination with other disturbances, such as tropical cyclones. Seawater carbonate chemistry data collected from two reefs in the Florida Keys before, during, and after Tropical Storm Isaac provide the most thorough data to-date on how tropical cyclones affect the seawater CO2 system of coral reefs. Tropical Storm Isaac caused both an immediate and prolonged decline in seawater pH. Aragonite saturation state was depressed by 1.0 for a full week after the storm impact. Based on current business-as-usual CO2 emissions scenarios, we show that tropical cyclones with high rainfall and runoff can cause periods of undersaturation (<1.0) for high-Mg calcite and aragonite mineral phases at acidification levels before the end of this century. Week-long periods of undersaturation occur for 18 mol % high-Mg calcite after storms by the end of the century. In a high-CO2 world, CaCO3 undersaturation of coral reef seawater will occur as a result of even modest tropical cyclones. The expected increase in the strength, frequency, and rainfall of the most severe tropical cyclones with climate change in combination with ocean acidification will negatively impact the structural persistence of coral reefs.
C1 [Manzello, Derek; Enochs, Ian; Carlton, Renee] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Manzello, Derek; Enochs, Ian; Carlton, Renee] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Musielewicz, Sylvia] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Gledhill, Dwight] NOAA, Ocean Acidificat Program, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Manzello, D (reprint author), Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, 4600 Rickenbacker Cswy, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM derek.manzello@noaa.gov
RI Manzello, Derek/A-8661-2014; Enochs, Ian/B-8051-2014
OI Manzello, Derek/0000-0002-0720-3041; Enochs, Ian/0000-0002-8867-0361
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
FX We thank the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA)
Coral Reef Conservation Program and Ocean Acidification Program for
funding this research. W. McGillis provided salinity data and J. S.
Fajans assisted with field work. D. Graham assisted with seawater
CO2 analysis. R. van Hooidonk helped with emission scenarios
and A. Sutton provided background information on the effects of tropical
cyclones on seawater carbonate chemistry and the MApCO2.
NR 51
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 42
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 10
BP 5312
EP 5321
DI 10.1002/jgrc.20378
PG 10
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 257JQ
UT WOS:000327380100036
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, LP
Wang, CZ
AF Zhang, Liping
Wang, Chunzai
TI Multidecadal North Atlantic sea surface temperature and Atlantic
meridional overturning circulation variability in CMIP5 historical
simulations
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
DE AMO; AMOC
ID THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION; CLIMATE VARIABILITY; OCEAN CIRCULATION;
HYDROGRAPHIC DATA; SAHEL RAINFALL; HEAT-TRANSPORT; GLOBAL OCEAN;
OSCILLATION; MODEL; FLUX
AB In this paper, simulated variability of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) and the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) and their relationship has been investigated. For the first time, climate models of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) provided to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fifth Assessment Report (IPCC-AR5) in historical simulations have been used for this purpose. The models show the most energetic variability on the multidecadal timescale band both with respect to the AMO and AMOC, but with a large model spread in both amplitude and frequency. The relationship between the AMO and AMOC in most of the models resembles the delayed advective oscillation proposed for the AMOC on multidecadal timescales. A speed up (slow down) of the AMOC is in favor of generating a warm (cold) phase of the AMO by the anomalous northward (southward) heat transport in the upper ocean, which reversely leads to a weakening (strengthening) of the AMOC through changes in the meridional density gradient after a delayed time of ocean adjustment. This suggests that on multidecadal timescales the AMO and AMOC are related and interact with each other.
C1 [Zhang, Liping] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL USA.
[Zhang, Liping; Wang, Chunzai] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Zhang, LP (reprint author), NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM Liping.Zhang@noaa.gov
RI Wang, Chunzai /C-9712-2009
OI Wang, Chunzai /0000-0002-7611-0308
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Climate Program
Office; NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML)
FX We thank three reviewers for their comments and suggestions on the
manuscript. This work was supported by grants from National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Climate Program Office and the base
funding of NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory
(AOML). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the
author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the funding
agency.
NR 69
TC 37
Z9 38
U1 1
U2 30
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 10
BP 5772
EP 5791
DI 10.1002/jgrc.20390
PG 20
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 257JQ
UT WOS:000327380100065
ER
PT J
AU Prestemon, JP
Butry, DT
Thomas, DS
AF Prestemon, Jeffrey P.
Butry, David T.
Thomas, Douglas S.
TI Exploiting autoregressive properties to develop prospective urban arson
forecasts by target
SO APPLIED GEOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Hotspot; Intentional fire; Economics; Devil's night; Serial arson
ID BROKEN WINDOWS; CRIME; DISORDER; PATTERNS; CITY; DISTANCE
AB Municipal fire departments responded to approximately 53,000 intentionally-set fires annually from 2003 to 2007, according to National Fire Protection Association figures. A disproportionate amount of these fires occur in spatio-temporal clusters, making them predictable and, perhaps, preventable. The objective of this research is to evaluate how the aggregation of data across space and target types (residential, non-residential, vehicle, outdoor and other) affects daily arson forecast accuracy for several target types of arson, and the ability to leverage information quantifying the autoregressive nature of intentional firesetting. To do this, we estimate, for the city of Detroit, Michigan, competing statistical models that differ in their ability to recognize potential temporal autoregressivity in the daily count of arson fires. Spatial units vary from Census tracts, police precincts, to citywide. We find that (1) the out-of-sample performance of prospective hotspot models for arson cannot usefully exploit the autoregressive properties of arson at fine spatial scales, even though autoregression is significant in-sample, hinting at a possible bias-variance tradeoff; (2) aggregation of arson across reported targets can yield a model that differs from by-target models; (3) spatial aggregation of data tends to increase forecast accuracy of arson due partly to the ability to account for temporally dynamic firesetting; and (4) arson forecast models that recognize temporal autoregression can be used to forecast daily arson fire activity at the Citywide scale in Detroit. These results suggest a tradeoff between the collection of high resolution spatial data and the use of more sophisticated modeling techniques that explicitly account for temporal correlation. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Prestemon, Jeffrey P.] ARS, Southern Res Stn, USDA, Forestry Sci Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
[Butry, David T.; Thomas, Douglas S.] NIST, Appl Econ Off, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Butry, DT (reprint author), NIST, Appl Econ Off, Engn Lab, 100 Bur Dr,Mailstop 8603, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jprestemon@fs.fed.us; david.butry@nist.gov; douglas.thomas@nist.gov
NR 39
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0143-6228
EI 1873-7730
J9 APPL GEOGR
JI Appl. Geogr.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 44
BP 143
EP 153
DI 10.1016/j.apgeog.2013.07.015
PG 11
WC Geography
SC Geography
GA 249IE
UT WOS:000326770100014
ER
PT J
AU Misa, WFXE
Drazen, JC
Kelley, CD
Moriwake, VN
AF Misa, William F. X. E.
Drazen, Jeffrey C.
Kelley, Christopher D.
Moriwake, Virginia N.
TI Establishing species-habitat associations for 4 eteline snappers with
the use of a baited stereo-video camera system
SO FISHERY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID ESSENTIAL FISH HABITAT; JUVENILE PINK SNAPPER;
PRISTIPOMOIDES-FILAMENTOSUS; UNDERWATER VIDEO; HAWAIIAN-ISLANDS;
RELATIVE DENSITY; DEMERSAL FISH; REEF-FISH; CLASSIFICATION; ARCHIPELAGO
AB With the use of a baited stereo-video camera system, this study semiquantitatively defined the habitat associations of 4 species of Lutjanidae: Opakapaka (Pristipomoides filamentosus), Kalekale (P. sieboldii), Onaga (Etelis coruscans), and Ehu (E. carbunculus). Fish abundance and length data from 6 locations in the main Hawaiian Islands were evaluated for species-specific and size-specific differences between regions and habitat types. Multibeam bathymetry and back-scatter were used to classify habitats into 4 types on the basis of substrate (hard or soft) and slope (high or low). Depth was a major influence on bottomfish distributions. Opakapaka occurred at depths shallower than the depths at which other species were observed, and this species showed an ontogenetic shift to deeper water with increasing size. Opakapaka and Ehu had an overall preference for hard substrate with low slope (hard-low), and Onaga was found over both hard-low and hard-high habitats. No significant habitat preferences were recorded for Kalekale. Opakapaka, Kalekale, and Onaga exhibited size-related shifts with habitat type. A move into hard-high environments with increasing size was evident for Opakapaka and Kalekale. Onaga was seen predominantly in hard-low habitats at smaller sizes and in either hard-low or hard-high at larger sizes. These ontogenetic habitat shifts could be driven by reproductive triggers because they roughly coincided with the length at sexual maturity of each species. However, further studies are required to determine causality. No ontogenetic shifts were seen for Ehu, but only a limited number of juveniles were observed. Regional variations in abundance and length were also found and could be related to fishing pressure or large-scale habitat features.
C1 [Misa, William F. X. E.; Drazen, Jeffrey C.; Moriwake, Virginia N.] Univ Hawaii, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci & Technol, Dept Oceanog, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Kelley, Christopher D.] Univ Hawaii, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci & Technol, Hawaii Undersea Res Lab, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Misa, WFXE (reprint author), NOAA, Fisheries Res & Monitoring Div, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2570 Dole St, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
EM wfmisa@hawaii.edu
RI Drazen, Jeffrey/C-1197-2013
OI Drazen, Jeffrey/0000-0001-9613-3833
FU State of Hawaii DLNR-DAR; Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration Program
FX We would like to thank C. Moore, D. Sackett, and F. De Leo for input on
statistical design and testing; C. Demarke, B. Alexander, J. Yeh, J.
Friedman, and B. Schumacher for many hours of field operations and video
analysis; D. Merritt, K. Wong, and the Coral Reef Ecosystem Division of
the NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center for giving us access
to BotCam units; J. Ault, S. Smith, M. Parke, G. DiNardo, and J.
Brodziak for assistance with the experimental design; and captains R.
Cates (Wailoa) and G. Jones (Red Raven; Huki Pono). This project was
funded by the State of Hawaii DLNR-DAR and in part by the Federal Aid in
Sport Fish Restoration Program.
NR 41
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 15
PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE
PI SEATTLE
PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA
SN 0090-0656
EI 1937-4518
J9 FISH B-NOAA
JI Fish. Bull.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 111
IS 4
BP 293
EP 308
DI 10.7755/FB.111.4.1
PG 16
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 251SZ
UT WOS:000326952300001
ER
PT J
AU Porter, SM
Bailey, KM
AF Porter, Steven M.
Bailey, Kevin M.
TI Using measurements of muscle cell nuclear RNA with flow cytometry to
improve assessment of larval condition of Walleye Pollock (Gadus
chalcogrammus)
SO FISHERY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID FRESH-FROZEN TISSUE; THERAGRA-CHALCOGRAMMA; TRACHURUS-SYMMETRICUS;
FEEDING CONDITIONS; ENGRAULIS-MORDAX; NORTHERN ANCHOVY; DNA-REPLICATION;
RNA/DNA RATIOS; CYCLE ANALYSIS; JACK MACKEREL
AB Nuclear RNA and DNA in muscle cell nuclei of laboratory-reared larvae of Walleye Pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus) were simultaneously measured through the use of flow cytometry for cell-cycle analysis during 2009-11. The addition of nuclear RNA as a covariate increased by 4% the classification accuracy of a discriminant analysis model that used cell-cycle, temperature, and standard length to measure larval condition, compared with a model without it. The greatest improvement, a 7% increase in accuracy, was observed for small larvae (<6.00 mm). Nuclear RNA content varied with rearing temperature, increasing as temperature decreased. There was a loss of DNA when larvae were frozen and thawed because the percentage of cells in the DNA synthesis cell-cycle phase decreased, but DNA content was stable during storage of frozen tissue.
C1 [Porter, Steven M.; Bailey, Kevin M.] NOAA, Resource Assessment & Conservat Engn Div, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Porter, SM (reprint author), NOAA, Resource Assessment & Conservat Engn Div, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM steve.porter@noaa.gov
FU North Pacific Research Board (NPRB) [926, 432]; Alaska Fisheries Science
Center
FX We would like to thank A. Dougherty for collection of Walleye Pollock
eggs and her assistance in the laboratory. D. Prunkard at the University
of Washington, Department of Pathology, Cytometry Core Facility assisted
with flow cytometry. F. Morado, M. Paquin and 3 anonymous reviewers
provided helpful comments on earlier drafts of the manuscript. This
research was funded by the North Pacific Research Board (NPRB grant no.
926, publication 432) and the Alaska Fisheries Science Center. It is
contribution EcoFOCI-0800 to NOAA's Ecosystems and
Fisheries-Oceanography Coordinated Investigations.
NR 38
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 6
PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE
PI SEATTLE
PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA
SN 0090-0656
EI 1937-4518
J9 FISH B-NOAA
JI Fish. Bull.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 111
IS 4
BP 337
EP 351
DI 10.7755/FB.111.4.4
PG 15
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 251SZ
UT WOS:000326952300004
ER
PT J
AU Wuenschel, MJ
Able, KW
Vasslides, JM
Byrne, DM
AF Wuenschel, Mark J.
Able, Kenneth W.
Vasslides, James M.
Byrne, Donald M.
TI Habitat and diet overlap of 4 piscivorous fishes: variation on the inner
continental shelf off New Jersey
SO FISHERY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID FLOUNDER PARALICHTHYS-DENTATUS; BLUEFISH POMATOMUS-SALTATRIX; BASS
MORONE-SAXATILIS; TROPHIC RESOURCE OVERLAP; JUVENILE STRIPED BASS; LOWER
CHESAPEAKE BAY; THE-YEAR BLUEFISH; SUMMER FLOUNDER; FEEDING ECOLOGY;
ACOUSTIC TELEMETRY
AB Piscivorous fishes, many of which are economically valuable, play an important role in marine ecosystems and have the potential to affect fish and invertebrate populations at lower trophic levels. Therefore, a quantitative understanding of the foraging ecology of piscivores is needed for ecosystem-based fishery management plans to be successful. Abundance and stomach contents of seasonally co-occurring piscivores were examined to determine overlap in resource use for Summer Flounder (Paralichthys dentatus; 206-670 mm total length [TL]), Weakfish (Cynoscion regalis; 80-565 mm TL), Bluefish (Pomatornus saltatrix; 55-732 mm fork length [FL]), and Striped Bass (Morone saxatilis; 422-920 ram FL). We collected samples from monthly, fishery-independent trawl surveys conducted on the inner continental shelf (5-27 m) off New Jersey from June to October 2005. Fish abundances and overlaps in diet and habitat varied over this study period. A wide range of fish and invertebrate prey was consumed by each species. Diet composition (determined from 1997 stomachs with identifiable contents) varied with ontogeny (size) and indicated limited overlap between most of the species size classes examined. Although many prey categories were shared by the piscivores examined, different temporal and spatial patterns in habitat use seemed to alleviate potential competition for prey. Nevertheless, the degree of overlap in both fish distributions and diets increased several-fold in the fall as species left estuaries and migrated across and along the study area. Therefore, the transitional period of fall migration, when fish densities are higher than at other times of the year, may be critical for unraveling resource overlap for these seasonally migrant predators.
C1 [Wuenschel, Mark J.; Able, Kenneth W.; Vasslides, James M.] Rutgers State Univ, Marine Field Stn, Tuckerton, NJ 08087 USA.
[Byrne, Donald M.] New Jersey Dept Environm Protect, Nacote Creek Res Stn, Port Republic, NJ 08241 USA.
RP Wuenschel, MJ (reprint author), NOAA, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM mark.wuenschel@noaa.gov
FU collaborative Bluefish/Striped Bass Dynamics Research Program of Rutgers
University; National Marine Fisheries Service
FX This study was funded through a grant from the collaborative
Bluefish/Striped Bass Dynamics Research Program of Rutgers University
and the National Marine Fisheries Service. The authors thank New Jersey
Department of Environmental Protection personnel (L. Barry, A.
Mazzarella and S. Reap), the staff at the Rutgers University Marine
Field Station and Captain S. Cluett and crew of the RV Seawolf for
assistance. The following individuals provided field and laboratory
assistance: R. Nichols, M. Greaney, J. Conwell, J. Lamonaca, J.
Eppenstiener, and J. Bunkiewicz. B. Smith, S. Rowe, and anonymous
reviewers provided constructive comments on the manuscript. We are
grateful to all of the above. This article is contribution no. 2013-3
from the Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University.
NR 70
TC 4
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U1 7
U2 24
PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE
PI SEATTLE
PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA
SN 0090-0656
EI 1937-4518
J9 FISH B-NOAA
JI Fish. Bull.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 111
IS 4
BP 352
EP 369
DI 10.7755/FB.111.4.5
PG 18
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 251SZ
UT WOS:000326952300005
ER
PT J
AU Drymon, JM
Carassou, L
Powers, SP
Grace, M
Dindo, J
Dzwonkowski, B
AF Drymon, J. Marcus
Carassou, Laure
Powers, Sean P.
Grace, Mark
Dindo, John
Dzwonkowski, Brian
TI Multiscale analysis of factors that affect the distribution of sharks
throughout the northern Gulf of Mexico
SO FISHERY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID CO-INERTIA ANALYSIS; RHIZOPRIONODON-TERRAENOVAE; CARCHARHINUS-LIMBATUS;
MARINE ECOSYSTEMS; TOP PREDATOR; HABITAT USE; GROWTH; BAY; PATTERNS;
DECLINES
AB Identification of the spatial scale at which marine communities are organized is critical to proper management, yet this is particularly difficult to determine for highly migratory species like sharks. We used shark catch data collected during 2006-09 from fishery-independent bottom-longline surveys, as well as biotic and abiotic explanatory data to identify the factors that affect the distribution of coastal sharks at 2 spatial scales in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Centered principal component analyses (PCAs) were used to visualize the patterns that characterize shark distributions at small (Alabama and Mississippi coast) and large (northern Gulf of Mexico) spatial scales. Environmental data on temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), depth, fish and crustacean biomass, and chlorophyll-a (chl-a) concentration were analyzed with normed PCAs at both spatial scales. The relationships between values of shark catch per unit of effort (CPUE) and environmental factors were then analyzed at each scale with co-inertia analysis (COIA). Results from COIA indicated that the degree of agreement between the structure of the environmental and shark data sets was relatively higher at the small spatial scale than at the large one. CPUE of Blacktip Shark (Carcharhinus limbatus) was related positively with crustacean biomass at both spatial scales. Similarly, CPUE of Atlantic Sharpnose Shark (Rhizoprionodon terraenovae) was related positively with chl-a concentration and negatively with DO at both spatial scales. Conversely, distribution of Blacknose Shark (C. acronotus) displayed a contrasting relationship with depth at the 2 scales considered. Our results indicate that the factors influencing the distribution of sharks in the northern Gulf of Mexico are species specific but generally transcend the spatial boundaries used in our analyses.
C1 [Drymon, J. Marcus; Powers, Sean P.] Univ S Alabama, Dept Marine Sci, Mobile, AL 36688 USA.
[Drymon, J. Marcus; Powers, Sean P.; Dindo, John; Dzwonkowski, Brian] Dauphin Isl Sea Lab, Dauphin Isl, AL 36528 USA.
[Carassou, Laure] Rhodes Univ, Dept Zool & Entomol, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa.
[Grace, Mark] NOAA, Mississippi Labs, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Pascagoula, MS 39567 USA.
RP Drymon, JM (reprint author), Univ S Alabama, Dept Marine Sci, LSCB-25, Mobile, AL 36688 USA.
EM mdrymon@disl.org
RI Carassou, Laure/L-3425-2013;
OI Dzwonkowski, Brian/0000-0002-2333-2185
FU Alabama Department of Conservation; Natural Resources, Marine Resources
Division
FX The authors wish to thank all members of the Fisheries Ecology
Laboratory at Dauphin Island Sea Laboratory (DISL), as well as members
of the NOAA Southeast Fisheries Science Center Mississippi Laboratories
shark team for the countless hours they spent at sea collecting valuable
data. Data from DISL's Fisheries Oceanography of Coastal Alabama
research program, which is funded by the Alabama Department of
Conservation and Natural Resources, Marine Resources Division, were used
to provide ground truth for remotely sensed data from NASA's Sea-viewing
Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWifs) Project. We wish to thank T. Henwood
and E. Hoffmayer from the National Marine Fisheries Service for
constructive comments that improved this manuscript.
NR 39
TC 6
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U1 3
U2 33
PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE
PI SEATTLE
PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA
SN 0090-0656
EI 1937-4518
J9 FISH B-NOAA
JI Fish. Bull.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 111
IS 4
BP 370
EP 380
DI 10.7755/FB.111.4.6
PG 11
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 251SZ
UT WOS:000326952300006
ER
PT J
AU Wenzel, FW
Polloni, PT
Craddock, JE
Gannon, DP
Nicolas, JR
Read, AJ
Rosel, PE
AF Wenzel, Frederick W.
Polloni, Pamela T.
Craddock, James E.
Gannon, Damon P.
Nicolas, John R.
Read, Andrew J.
Rosel, Patricia E.
TI Food habits of Sowerby's beaked whales (Mesoplodon bidens) taken in the
pelagic drift gillnet fishery of the western North Atlantic
SO FISHERY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID SWORDFISH XIPHIAS-GLADIUS; GULF-OF-MEXICO; FAMILY ZIPHIIDAE;
NOVA-SCOTIA; NEW-ENGLAND; WATER; MITOCHONDRIAL; DENSIROSTRIS;
NEWFOUNDLAND; STRANDINGS
AB We describe the food habits of the Sowerby's beaked whale (Mesoplodon bidens) from observations of 10 individuals taken as bycatch in the pelagic drift gillnet fishery for Swordfish (Xiphias gladius) in the western North Atlantic and 1 stranded individual from Kennebunk, Maine. The stomachs of 8 bycaught whales were intact and contained prey. The diet of these 8 whales was dominated by meso- and benthopelagic fishes that composed 98.5% of the prey items found in their stomachs and cephalopods that accounted for only 1.5% of the number of prey. Otoliths and jaws representing at least 31 fish taxa from 15 families were present in the stomach contents. Fishes, primarily from the families Moridae (37.9% of prey), Myctophidae (22.9%), Macrouridae (11.2%), and Phycidae (7.2%), were present in all 8 stomachs. Most prey were from 5 fish taxa: Shortbeard Codling (Laemonema barbatulum) accounted for 35.3% of otoliths, Cocco's Lantern-fish (Lobianchia gemellarii) contributed 12.9%, Marlin-spike (Nezumia bairdii) composed 10.8%, lantern-fishes (Lampanyctus spp.) accounted for 8.4%; and Longfin Hake (Phycis chesteri) contributed 6.7%. The mean number of otoliths per stomach was 1196 (range: 327-3452). Most of the fish prey found in the stomachs was quite small, ranging in length from 4.0 to 27.7 cm. We conclude that the Sowerby's beaked whales that we examined in this study fed on large numbers of relatively small meso- and benthopelagic fishes that are abundant along the slope and shelf break of the western North Atlantic.
C1 [Wenzel, Frederick W.; Nicolas, John R.] NOAA, Protected Species Branch, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Polloni, Pamela T.; Craddock, James E.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Biol, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Gannon, Damon P.] Bowdoin Coll, Dept Biol, Brunswick, ME 04011 USA.
[Read, Andrew J.] Duke Univ, Div Marine Sci & Conservat, Nicholas Sch Environm, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
[Rosel, Patricia E.] NOAA, Protected Resources & Biodivers Div, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
RP Wenzel, FW (reprint author), NOAA, Protected Species Branch, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM frederick.wenzel@noaa.gov
FU Northeast Fisheries Science Center, Woods Hole, Massachusetts
FX We dedicate this paper to the memory of coauthors James Craddock and
John Nicolas, who were instrumental in this study. We thank J.
Galbraith, T. Sutton, and the Northeast Fisheries Science Center for
providing fish specimens to add to the reference collection; E.
Josephson and H. J. Foley for providing maps; B. Hayward and M. Moore
for assistance with sorting stomach contents; K. Hartel and C. Kenaley
of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, for reference
material and additional otolith measurements. We also recognize K.
Hartel, D. Waples, F. Serchuk, M. Simpkins, G. Waring, and T. Fenster
and 3 anonymous reviewers for the useful comments that helped to improve
this manuscript. Our work was made possible by the dedication of
observers from NEFOP and the co-operation of pelagic drift net
fishermen. We thank our colleagues aboard the Abel-J for their
assistance in the field. This work was funded by the Northeast Fisheries
Science Center, Woods Hole, Massachusetts.
NR 47
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 16
PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE
PI SEATTLE
PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA
SN 0090-0656
EI 1937-4518
J9 FISH B-NOAA
JI Fish. Bull.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 111
IS 4
BP 381
EP 389
DI 10.7755/FB.111.4.7
PG 9
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 251SZ
UT WOS:000326952300007
ER
PT J
AU Tchana, FK
Ngom, M
Perrin, A
Flaud, JM
Lafferty, WJ
Ndiaye, SA
Ngom, EA
AF Tchana, F. Kwabia
Ngom, M.
Perrin, A.
Flaud, J. -M.
Lafferty, W. J.
Ndiaye, S. A.
Ngom, El. A.
TI Absolute line intensities for oxirane from 1420 to 1560 cm(-1)
SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article
DE Oxirane; C2H4O; Infrared; Fourier transform spectra; Absolute
intensities; Transition dipole moments
ID ETHYLENE-OXIDE; PARAMETERS; DATABASE; BANDS
AB Absolute individual line intensities of numerous transitions of the fundamental v(2) and v(10) bands of oxirane (ethylene oxide, cyc-C2H4O) have been measured in the 1420-1560 cm(-1) region using seven high-resolution Fourier transform spectra recorded at 0.002 cm(-1) resolution and various pressures. These line intensities were least-squares fit using a theoretical model which takes into account the vibration-rotation interactions linking the upper state rotational levels, and, therefore, accurate rotational expansion of the transition moments of the v(2) and v(10) vibrational bands were derived. Using the coefficients obtained in the fitting, a line list of both bands has been generated. Comparisons with measurements taken at low resolution of the v(2)/v(10) dyad system show excellent agreement. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Tchana, F. Kwabia; Ngom, M.; Perrin, A.; Flaud, J. -M.] UPEC, UMR CNRS 7583, LISA, F-94010 Creteil, France.
[Tchana, F. Kwabia; Ngom, M.; Perrin, A.; Flaud, J. -M.] UPD, F-94010 Creteil, France.
[Ngom, M.; Ndiaye, S. A.; Ngom, El. A.] Univ Cheikh Anta Diop, Ecole Super Polytech, LPAO SF, Dakar, Senegal.
[Lafferty, W. J.] NIST, Sensor Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Tchana, FK (reprint author), UPEC, UMR CNRS 7583, LISA, 61 Ave Gen Gaulle, F-94010 Creteil, France.
EM fridolin.kwabia@lisa.u-pec.fr
FU Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres (Service de Cooperation et d'Action
Culturelle, Ambassade de France a Dakar, Senegal)
FX M. Malick NGOM gratefully acknowledges financial support from the
Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres (Service de Cooperation et d'Action
Culturelle, Ambassade de France a Dakar, Senegal). J.-M. FLAUD thanks
the Sensor Science Division for support during a stay at NIST.
NR 17
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 3
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0022-2852
EI 1096-083X
J9 J MOL SPECTROSC
JI J. Mol. Spectrosc.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 292
BP 1
EP 4
DI 10.1016/j.jms.2013.07.006
PG 4
WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy
SC Physics; Spectroscopy
GA 251EE
UT WOS:000326909800001
ER
PT J
AU Jeffries, MO
Overland, JE
Perovich, DK
AF Jeffries, Martin O.
Overland, James E.
Perovich, Donald K.
TI THE ARCTIC shifts to a new normal
SO PHYSICS TODAY
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA
C1 [Jeffries, Martin O.] US Arct Res Commiss, Arlington, VA 22203 USA.
[Jeffries, Martin O.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK USA.
[Overland, James E.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Overland, James E.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Perovich, Donald K.] US Armys Cold Regions Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH USA.
[Perovich, Donald K.] Dartmouth Coll, Hanover, NH USA.
RP Jeffries, MO (reprint author), US Arct Res Commiss, Arlington, VA 22203 USA.
NR 15
TC 51
Z9 51
U1 3
U2 24
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0031-9228
EI 1945-0699
J9 PHYS TODAY
JI Phys. Today
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 66
IS 10
BP 35
EP 40
PG 6
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 252SY
UT WOS:000327031800016
ER
PT J
AU Sarkar, P
Chakrabarti, A
AF Sarkar, Prabir
Chakrabarti, Amaresh
TI A Support for Protocol Analysis for Design Research
SO DESIGN ISSUES
LA English
DT Article
ID VERBAL REPORTS; THINKING
C1 [Sarkar, Prabir] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Chakrabarti, Amaresh] Indian Inst Sci IISc, Ctr Prod Design & Mfg, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
[Chakrabarti, Amaresh] Univ Cambridge, EDC, Cambridge CB2 1TN, England.
NR 28
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU MIT PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 55 HAYWARD STREET, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 USA
SN 0747-9360
EI 1531-4790
J9 DES ISSUES
JI Des. Iss.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 4
BP 70
EP 81
DI 10.1162/DESI_a_00231
PG 12
WC Architecture
SC Architecture
GA 230SD
UT WOS:000325362100007
ER
PT J
AU Lofgren, BM
Gronewold, AD
Acciaioli, A
Cherry, J
Steiner, A
Watkins, D
AF Lofgren, Brent M.
Gronewold, Andrew D.
Acciaioli, Anthony
Cherry, Jessica
Steiner, Allison
Watkins, David
TI Methodological Approaches to Projecting the Hydrologic Impacts of
Climate Change
SO EARTH INTERACTIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Climate change; Surface processes; Water resources; Evapotranspiration
ID GREAT-LAKES; POTENTIAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; CATCHMENT-SCALE; MODEL;
WATER; PREDICTION; RUNOFF; CYCLE; CLASSIFICATION; PERSPECTIVE
AB Climate change due to anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHG) is expected to have important impacts on water resources, with a variety of societal impacts. Recent research has shown that applying different methodologies to assess hydrologic impacts can lead to widely diverging projections of water resources. The authors classify methods of projecting hydrologic impacts of climate change into those that estimate potential evapotranspiration (PET) based on air temperature and those that estimate PET based on components of the surface energy budget. In general, air temperature-based methods more frequently show reductions in measures of water resources (e.g., water yield or soil moisture) and greater sensitivity than those using energy budget-based methods. There are significant trade-offs between these two methods in terms of ease of use, input data required, applicability to specific locales, and adherence to fundamental physical constraints: namely, conservation of energy at the surface. Issues of uncertainty in climate projections, stemming from imperfectly known future atmospheric GHG concentrations and disagreement in projections of the resultant climate, are compounded by questions of methodology and input data availability for models that connect climate change to accompanying changes in hydrology. In the joint atmospheric-hydrologic research community investigating climate change, methods need to be developed in which the energy and moisture budgets remain consistent when considering their interaction with both the atmosphere and water resources. This approach should yield better results for both atmospheric and hydrologic processes.
C1 [Lofgren, Brent M.; Gronewold, Andrew D.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[Acciaioli, Anthony] Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosyst Res, Ann Arbor, MI USA.
[Cherry, Jessica] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Int Arctic Res Ctr, Fairbanks, AK USA.
[Steiner, Allison] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Watkins, David] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
RP Lofgren, BM (reprint author), NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, 4840 S State Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
EM brent.lofgren@noaa.gov
RI Steiner, Allison/F-4942-2011;
OI Gronewold, Andrew/0000-0002-3576-2529; Lofgren,
Brent/0000-0003-2189-0914
FU NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory; Cooperative
Institute for Limnology and Ecosystems Research; Great Lakes Integrated
Science and Assessment Center; JAMSTEC-IARC Collaborative Study; NSF
Award [ARC-0909525]
FX The authors thank all of the participants at the Workshop on Methods of
Projecting Hydrologic Impacts of Climate Change held in August 2012,
especially Chris Milly and Dev Niyogi. Support for this workshop was
provided by the NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, the
Cooperative Institute for Limnology and Ecosystems Research, and the
Great Lakes Integrated Science and Assessment Center. Thanks to the
anonymous reviewers for suggestions that improved the presentation and
overall quality of this paper. Cherry's participation in this effort was
supported by the JAMSTEC-IARC Collaborative Study and NSF Award
ARC-0909525.
NR 70
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 31
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1087-3562
J9 EARTH INTERACT
JI Earth Interact.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 17
AR 22
DI 10.1175/2013EI000532.1
PG 19
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 246ZM
UT WOS:000326581000001
ER
PT J
AU West, JJ
Smith, SJ
Silva, RA
Naik, V
Zhang, YQ
Adelman, Z
Fry, MM
Anenberg, S
Horowitz, LW
Lamarque, JF
AF West, J. Jason
Smith, Steven J.
Silva, Raquel A.
Naik, Vaishali
Zhang, Yuqiang
Adelman, Zachariah
Fry, Meridith M.
Anenberg, Susan
Horowitz, Larry W.
Lamarque, Jean-Francois
TI Co-benefits of mitigating global greenhouse gas emissions for future air
quality and human health
SO NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; ANCILLARY BENEFITS; OZONE POLLUTION; HUMAN MORTALITY;
POLICIES; MODEL; SCENARIOS; EXPOSURE; BURDEN
AB Actions to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions often reduce co-emitted air pollutants, bringing co-benefits for air quality and human health. Past studies(1-6) typically evaluated near-term and local co-benefits, neglecting the long-range transport of air pollutants(7-9), long-term demographic changes, and the influence of climate change on air quality(10-12). Here we simulate the co-benefits of global GHG reductions on air quality and human health using a global atmospheric model and consistent future scenarios, via two mechanisms: reducing co-emitted air pollutants, and slowing climate change and its effect on air quality. We use new relationships between chronic mortality and exposure to fine particulate matter(13) and ozone(14), global modelling methods(15) and new future scenarios(16). Relative to a reference scenario, global GHG mitigation avoids 0.5 +/- 0.2, 1.3 +/- 0.5 and 2.2 +/- 0.8 million premature deaths in 2030, 2050 and 2100. Global average marginal co-benefits of avoided mortality are US$ 50-380 per tonne of CO2, which exceed previous estimates, exceed marginal abatement costs in 2030 and 2050, and are within the low range of costs in 2100. East Asian co-benefits are 10-70 times the marginal cost in 2030. Air quality and health co-benefits, especially as they are mainly local and near-term, provide strong additional motivation for transitioning to a low-carbon future.
C1 [West, J. Jason; Silva, Raquel A.; Zhang, Yuqiang; Adelman, Zachariah; Fry, Meridith M.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
[Smith, Steven J.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Naik, Vaishali] NOAA, UCAR, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Anenberg, Susan] US EPA, Washington, DC 20004 USA.
[Horowitz, Larry W.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Lamarque, Jean-Francois] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
RP West, JJ (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
EM jasonwest@unc.edu
RI Horowitz, Larry/D-8048-2014; Zhang, Yuqiang/C-5027-2015; Naik,
Vaishali/A-4938-2013; Lamarque, Jean-Francois/L-2313-2014; West,
Jason/J-2322-2015; Zhang, Yuqiang/P-2682-2016
OI Horowitz, Larry/0000-0002-5886-3314; Zhang, Yuqiang/0000-0002-9161-7086;
Naik, Vaishali/0000-0002-2254-1700; Lamarque,
Jean-Francois/0000-0002-4225-5074; West, Jason/0000-0001-5652-4987;
Zhang, Yuqiang/0000-0002-9161-7086
FU US Environmental Protection Agency STAR [834285]; US Department of
Energy, Office of Science; National Institute of Environmental Health
Sciences [1 R21 ES022600-01]; Portuguese Foundation for Science and
Technology [SFRH/BD/62759/2009]; EPA STAR; National Science Foundation
FX This publication was financially supported by the US Environmental
Protection Agency STAR grant #834285, the Integrated Assessment Research
Program in the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, the National
Institute of Environmental Health Sciences grant #1 R21 ES022600-01,
fellowship SFRH/BD/62759/2009 from the Portuguese Foundation for Science
and Technology (to R.A.S.), and an EPA STAR Graduate Fellowship (to
M.M.F.). Its contents are solely the responsibility of the grantee and
do not necessarily represent the official views of the USEPA or other
funding sources. USEPA and other funding sources do not endorse the
purchase of any commercial products or services mentioned in the
publication. NCAR is operated by the University Corporation of
Atmospheric Research under sponsorship of the National Science
Foundation. We thank the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric
Administration for computing resources, L. Emmons for MOZART-4 guidance,
and G.Characklis
NR 30
TC 86
Z9 86
U1 23
U2 110
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1758-678X
EI 1758-6798
J9 NAT CLIM CHANGE
JI Nat. Clim. Chang.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 3
IS 10
BP 885
EP 889
DI 10.1038/NCLIMATE2009
PG 5
WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 249ZE
UT WOS:000326818800013
PM 24926321
ER
PT J
AU Poloczanska, ES
Brown, CJ
Sydeman, WJ
Kiessling, W
Schoeman, DS
Moore, PJ
Brander, K
Bruno, JF
Buckley, LB
Burrows, MT
Duarte, CM
Halpern, BS
Holding, J
Kappel, CV
O'Connor, MI
Pandolfi, JM
Parmesan, C
Schwing, F
Thompson, SA
Richardson, AJ
AF Poloczanska, Elvira S.
Brown, Christopher J.
Sydeman, William J.
Kiessling, Wolfgang
Schoeman, David S.
Moore, Pippa J.
Brander, Keith
Bruno, John F.
Buckley, Lauren B.
Burrows, Michael T.
Duarte, Carlos M.
Halpern, Benjamin S.
Holding, Johnna
Kappel, Carrie V.
O'Connor, Mary I.
Pandolfi, John M.
Parmesan, Camille
Schwing, Franklin
Thompson, Sarah Ann
Richardson, Anthony J.
TI Global imprint of climate change on marine life
SO NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID RANGE SHIFTS; CHANGE IMPACTS; ECOSYSTEMS; ATTRIBUTION; FINGERPRINT;
PHENOLOGY
AB Past meta-analyses of the response of marine organisms to climate change have examined a limited range of locations(1,2), taxonomic groups(2-4) and/or biological responses(5,6). This has precluded a robust overview of the effect of climate change in the global ocean. Here, we synthesized all available studies of the consistency of marine ecological observations with expectations under climate change. This yielded a meta-database of 1,735 marine biological responses for which either regional or global climate change was considered as a driver. Included were instances of marine taxa responding as expected, in a manner inconsistent with expectations, and taxa demonstrating no response. From this database, 81-83% of all observations for distribution, phenology, community composition, abundance, demography and calcification across taxa and ocean basins were consistent with the expected impacts of climate change. Of the species responding to climate change, rates of distribution shifts were, on average, consistent with those required to track ocean surface temperature changes. Conversely, we did not find a relationship between regional shifts in spring phenology and the seasonality of temperature. Rates of observed shifts in species' distributions and phenology are comparable to, or greater, than those for terrestrial systems.
C1 [Poloczanska, Elvira S.; Brown, Christopher J.; Richardson, Anthony J.] CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Res, Ecosci Precinct, Climate Adaptat Flagship, Brisbane, Qld 4102, Australia.
[Brown, Christopher J.] Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia.
[Sydeman, William J.; Thompson, Sarah Ann] Farallon Inst Adv Ecosyst Res, Petaluma, CA 94952 USA.
[Kiessling, Wolfgang] Leibniz Inst Res Evolut & Biodivers, Museum Nat Kunde, D-10115 Berlin, Germany.
[Kiessling, Wolfgang] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Palaoumwelt, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany.
[Schoeman, David S.] Univ Sunshine Coast, Fac Sci Hlth & Educ, Maroochydore, Qld 4558, Australia.
[Schoeman, David S.] Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Univ, Dept Zool, ZA-6031 Port Elizabeth, South Africa.
[Moore, Pippa J.] Edith Cowan Univ, Ctr Marine Ecosyst Res, Perth, WA 6027, Australia.
[Moore, Pippa J.] Aberystwyth Univ, Inst Biol Environm & Rural Sci, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, Dyfed, Wales.
[Brander, Keith] Tech Univ Denmark, DTU Aqua Ctr Ocean Life, DK-2920 Charlottenlund, Denmark.
[Bruno, John F.; Buckley, Lauren B.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
[Burrows, Michael T.] Scottish Marine Inst, Scottish Assoc Marine Sci, Oban PA37 1QA, Argyll, Scotland.
[Duarte, Carlos M.; Holding, Johnna] IMEDEA UIB CSIC, Inst Mediterraneo Estudios Avanzados, Dept Global Change Res, Esporles 07190, Mallorca, Spain.
[Duarte, Carlos M.] Univ Western Australia, UWA Oceans Inst, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
[Halpern, Benjamin S.; Kappel, Carrie V.] Natl Ctr Ecol Anal & Synth, Santa Barbara, CA 93101 USA.
[O'Connor, Mary I.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Zool, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Pandolfi, John M.] Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, Ctr Excellence Coral Reef Studies, Australian Res Council, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia.
[Parmesan, Camille] Univ Texas Austin, Patterson Labs 141, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Parmesan, Camille] Univ Plymouth, Inst Marine, Plymouth PL4 8AA, Devon, England.
[Schwing, Franklin] NOAA, Off Sustainable Fisheries, Fisheries Serv, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Richardson, Anthony J.] Univ Queensland, Sch Math & Phys, Ctr Applicat Nat Resource Math, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia.
RP Poloczanska, ES (reprint author), CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Res, Ecosci Precinct, Climate Adaptat Flagship, GPO Box 2583, Brisbane, Qld 4102, Australia.
EM elvira.poloczanska@csiro.au
RI Burrows, Michael/D-9844-2013; Brown, Christopher/G-4287-2011; O'Connor,
Mary/F-2275-2010; Richardson, Anthony/B-3649-2010; Poloczanska,
Elvira/F-4366-2014; poloczanska, elvira/P-5356-2014; Kiessling,
Wolfgang/E-2259-2015; Duarte, Carlos M/A-7670-2013; Pandolfi,
John/A-3121-2009;
OI Moore, Pippa/0000-0002-9889-2216; Burrows, Michael/0000-0003-4620-5899;
Brown, Christopher/0000-0002-7271-4091; Duarte, Carlos
M/0000-0002-1213-1361; Pandolfi, John/0000-0003-3047-6694; Schoeman,
David/0000-0003-1258-0885; Kappel, Carrie/0000-0003-2507-8042
FU National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis; NSF [EF-0553768];
University of California, Santa Barbara; State of California
FX This work was conducted as a part of the Understanding Marine Biological
Impacts of Climate Change Working Group supported by the National Center
for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, a centre funded by NSF (Grant
#EF-0553768), the University of California, Santa Barbara, and the State
of California.
NR 27
TC 254
Z9 258
U1 52
U2 342
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1758-678X
EI 1758-6798
J9 NAT CLIM CHANGE
JI Nat. Clim. Chang.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 3
IS 10
BP 919
EP 925
DI 10.1038/NCLIMATE1958
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 249ZE
UT WOS:000326818800020
ER
PT J
AU Ravel, B
Attenkofer, K
Bohon, J
Muller, E
Smedley, J
AF Ravel, B.
Attenkofer, K.
Bohon, J.
Muller, E.
Smedley, J.
TI Diamond sensors and polycapillary lenses for X-ray absorption
spectroscopy
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID SYNCHROTRON RADIATION; OPTICS; MICROSCOPY; DETECTOR; RANGE
AB Diamond sensors are evaluated as incident beam monitors for X-ray absorption spectroscopy experiments. These single crystal devices pose a challenge for an energy-scanning experiment using hard X-rays due to the effect of diffraction from the crystalline sensor at energies which meet the Bragg condition. This problem is eliminated by combination with polycapillary lenses. The convergence angle of the beam exiting the lens is large compared to rocking curve widths of the diamond. A ray exiting one capillary from the lens meets the Bragg condition for any reflection at a different energy from the rays exiting adjacent capillaries. This serves to broaden each diffraction peak over a wide energy range, allowing linear measurement of incident intensity over the range of the energy scan. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure data are measured with a combination of a polycapillary lens and a diamond incident beam monitor. These data are of comparable quality to data measured without a lens and with an ionization chamber monitoring the incident beam intensity. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Ravel, B.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Attenkofer, K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Photon Sci Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Bohon, J.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Ctr Synchrotron Biosci, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
[Muller, E.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11974 USA.
[Smedley, J.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Instrumentat Div, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Ravel, B (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM bravel@bnl.gov
FU U S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of High Energy Physics [DE-FG02-12ER41837]
FX Use of the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National
Laboratory, was supported by the U S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No.
DE-AC02-98CH10886. This work was supported in part by the U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics,
under Contract No. DE-FG02-12ER41837.
NR 21
TC 0
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 12
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
EI 1089-7623
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 84
IS 10
AR 103106
DI 10.1063/1.4824350
PG 5
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 247TS
UT WOS:000326645300007
PM 24182100
ER
PT J
AU Nagy, A
Hollingsworth, JA
Hu, B
Steinbruck, A
Stark, PC
Valdez, CR
Vuyisich, M
Stewart, MH
Atha, DH
Nelson, BC
Iyer, R
AF Nagy, Amber
Hollingsworth, Jennifer A.
Hu, Bin
Steinbrueck, Andrea
Stark, Peter C.
Valdez, Cristina Rios
Vuyisich, Momchilo
Stewart, Michael H.
Atha, Donald H.
Nelson, Bryant C.
Iyer, Rashi
TI Functionalization-Dependent Induction of Cellular Survival Pathways by
CdSe Quantum Dots in Primary Normal Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE genotoxicity; nanomaterials; quantum dots; cytotoxicity;
metallothioneins
ID OXIDATIVE STRESS; DNA-DAMAGE; RNA-SEQ; MULTIFUNCTIONAL LIGANDS;
DOWN-REGULATION; WISTAR RATS; NANOPARTICLES; EXPRESSION; BRCA1;
CYTOTOXICITY
AB Quantum dots (QDs) are semiconductor nanocrystals exhibiting unique optical properties that can be exploited for many practical applications ranging from photovoltaics to biomedical imaging and drug delivery. A significant number of studies have alluded to the cytotoxic potential of these materials, implicating Cd-leaching as the causal factor. Here, we investigated the role of heavy metals in biological responses and the potential of CdSe-induced genotoxicity. Our results Indicate that, while negatively charged QDs are relatively noncytotoxic compared to positively charged QDs, the same does not hold true for their genotoxic potential. Keeping QD core composition and size constant, 3 nm CdSe QD cores were functionalized with mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) or cysteamine (CYST), resulting in negatively or positively charged surfaces, respectively. CYST-QDs were found to induce significant cytotoxicity accompanied by DNA strand breakage. However, MPA-QDs, even in the absence of cytotoxicity and reactive oxygen species formation, also induced a high number of DNA strand breaks. QD-induced DNA damage was confirmed by identifying the presence of p53 binding protein 1 (53BP1) in the nuclei of exposed cells and subsequent diminishment of p53 from cytoplasmic cellular extracts. Further, high-throughput real-time PCR analyses revealed upregulation of DNA damage and response genes and several proinflammatory cytokine genes. Most importantly, transcriptome sequencing revealed upregulation of the metallothionein family of genes In cells exposed to MPA-QDs but not CYST-QDs. These data indicate that cytotoxic assays must be supplemented with genotoxic analyses to better understand cellular responses and the full impact of nanoparticle exposure when making recommendations with regard to risk assessment.
C1 [Nagy, Amber; Hu, Bin; Vuyisich, Momchilo] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Hollingsworth, Jennifer A.; Steinbrueck, Andrea] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Mat Phys & Applicat Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Stark, Peter C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Valdez, Cristina Rios] Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Washington, DC 20007 USA.
[Stewart, Michael H.] US Naval Res Lab, Opt Sci Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Atha, Donald H.; Nelson, Bryant C.] NIST, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Iyer, Rashi] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Def Syst & Anal Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Iyer, R (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Def Syst & Anal Div, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM rashi@lanl.gov
RI Dennis, Allison/A-7654-2014
FU Los Alamos National Laboratory LORD-DR program; NIH-NIGMS
[1R01GM084702-01]; National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S.
Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396]
FX We thank Cosby Lindquist for his assistance with figure presentation. We
also thank Patrick Chain and Frances Hundley, members of Los Alamos
National Laboratory's Genome Science group, a branch of the Department
of Energy's Joint Genome Institute, for their excellence in
transcriptomics. We are appreciative of Dr. Norman Doggett, Priya Dig
he, and Melinda Wren of Los Alamos National Laboratory for the use of
the BioMark high-throughput real-time PCR system. This work was
supported by Los Alamos National Laboratory LORD-DR program. This work
was performed, in part, at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a
U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences user
facility; J.A.H. also acknowledges partial support by NIH-NIGMS Grant
1R01GM084702-01. Los Alamos National Laboratory, an affirmative action
equal opportunity employer, is operated by Los Alamos National Security,
LLC, for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the U.S.
Department of Energy under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. Certain
commercial equipment, instruments, and materials are identified in this
paper to specify an experimental procedure as completely as possible. In
no case does the identification of particular equipment or materials
imply a recommendation or endorsement by the National Institute of
Standards and Technology nor does it imply that the materials,
Instruments, or equipment are necessarily the best available for the
purpose.
NR 66
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 6
U2 63
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
EI 1936-086X
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 7
IS 10
BP 8397
EP 8411
DI 10.1021/nn305532k
PG 15
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 242AF
UT WOS:000326209100011
PM 24007210
ER
PT J
AU Harvey, HR
Sigler, MF
AF Harvey, H. Rodger
Sigler, Michael F.
TI An introduction to the Bering Sea Project: Volume II
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID OSCILLATING CONTROL HYPOTHESIS; POLLOCK THERAGRA-CHALCOGRAMMA; CLIMATE;
SHELF; SEDIMENTS; ICE; COMMUNITIES; VARIABILITY; RECRUITMENT; EMMONAK
C1 [Harvey, H. Rodger] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Ocean Earth & Atmospher Sci, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA.
[Sigler, Michael F.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
RP Harvey, HR (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, Dept Ocean Earth & Atmospher Sci, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA.
EM rharvey@odu.edu; Mike.Sigler@noaa.gov
NR 30
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 8
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0645
EI 1879-0100
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 94
BP 2
EP 6
DI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.04.023
PG 5
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 244BH
UT WOS:000326361600001
ER
PT J
AU Hermann, AJ
Gibson, GA
Bond, NA
Curchitser, EN
Hedstrom, K
Cheng, W
Wang, MY
Stabeno, PJ
Eisner, L
Cieciel, KD
AF Hermann, Albert J.
Gibson, Georgina A.
Bond, Nicholas A.
Curchitser, Enrique N.
Hedstrom, Kate
Cheng, Wei
Wang, Muyin
Stabeno, Phyllis J.
Eisner, Lisa
Cieciel, Kristin D.
TI A multivariate analysis of observed and modeled biophysical variability
on the Bering Sea shelf: Multidecadal hindcasts (1970-2009) and
forecasts (2010-2040)
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE USA; Alaska; Bering Sea; Modeling
ID OSCILLATING CONTROL HYPOTHESIS; SKILL ASSESSMENT; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
ECOSYSTEM; IMPACTS; PARAMETERIZATION; CIRCULATION; REANALYSIS; SYSTEM
AB Coupled physical/biological models can be used to downscale global climate change to the ecology of subarctic regions, and to explore the bottom-up and top-down effects of that change on the spatial structure of subarctic ecosystems-for example, the relative dominance of large vs. small zooplanlcton in relation to ice cover. Here we utilize a multivariate statistical approach to extract the emergent properties of a coupled physical/biological hindcast of the Bering Sea for years 1970-2009, which includes multiple episodes of warming and cooling (e.g. the recent cooling of 2005-2009), and a multidecadal regional forecast of the coupled models, driven by an IPCC global model forecast of 2010-2040. Specifically, we employ multivariate empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis to derive the spatial covariance among physical and biological timeseries from our simulations. These are compared with EOFs derived from spatially gridded measurements of the region, collected during multiyear field programs. The model replicates observed relationships among temperature and salinity, as well as the observed inverse correlation between temperature and large crustacean zooplankton on the southeastern Bering Sea shelf. Predicted future warming of the shelf is accompanied by a northward shift in both pelagic and benthic biomass. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Hermann, Albert J.; Bond, Nicholas A.; Cheng, Wei; Wang, Muyin] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Gibson, Georgina A.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Int Arctic Res Ctr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Curchitser, Enrique N.] Rutgers State Univ, Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[Hedstrom, Kate] Arctic Reg Supercomp Ctr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Stabeno, Phyllis J.] NOAA PMEL, Ocean Environm Res Div, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Eisner, Lisa; Cieciel, Kristin D.] NOAA, Auke Bay Labs, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
RP Hermann, AJ (reprint author), NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM albert.j.hermann@noaa.gov
RI Wang, Muyin/K-4006-2014
FU Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) under
NOAA [NA10OAR4320148]; NSF sponsored Bering Sea Ecosystem Study (BEST)
program [NSF-0732534]; North Pacific Research Board (NPRB) [B52, B70];
NOAA; BEST-BSIERP Bering Sea Project [96]
FX This research is contribution no. 3939 from NOAA/Pacific Marine
Environmental Laboratory, and contribution ecoFOCI-0798 to NOAA's
Ecosystems Fisheries Oceanography Coordinated Investigations. This
publication is partially funded by the Joint Institute for the Study of
the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) under NOAA cooperative agreement
NA10OAR4320148, contribution no. 2100. The research was generously
supported by grants from the NSF sponsored Bering Sea Ecosystem Study
(BEST) program (NSF-0732534), the North Pacific Research Board (NPRB)
sponsored Bering Sea Integrated Ecosystem Research Program (BSIERP
projects B52 and B70) and NOAA's North Pacific Climate Regimes and
Ecosystem Productivity programs. This is BEST-BSIERP Bering Sea Project
publication number 96 and NPRB publication number 418.
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0645
EI 1879-0100
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 94
BP 121
EP 139
DI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.04.007
PG 19
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 244BH
UT WOS:000326361600011
ER
PT J
AU Siddon, EC
Heintz, RA
Mueter, FJ
AF Siddon, Elizabeth C.
Heintz, Ron A.
Mueter, Franz J.
TI Conceptual model of energy allocation in walleye pollock (Theragra
chalcogramma) from age-0 to age-1 in the southeastern Bering Sea
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma); Larval fish; Bering Sea;
Bioenergetics; Energy allocation; Recruitment
ID OSCILLATING CONTROL HYPOTHESIS; PRINCE-WILLIAM-SOUND; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
SHELIKOF-STRAIT; VERTICAL-DISTRIBUTION; TEMPORAL VARIABILITY; WINTER
MORTALITY; LIFE-HISTORY; ALASKA; SIZE
AB Walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) support the largest commercial fishery in the United States and are an ecologically important component of the southeastern Bering Sea (SEBS) pelagic ecosystem. Alternating climate states influence the survival of walleye pollock through bottom-up control of zooplankton communities and possible top-down control of predator abundance. Quantifying the seasonal progression and spatial trends in energy content of walleye pollock provides critical information for predicting overwinter survival and recruitment to age-1 because age-0 walleye pollock rely on energy reserves to survive their first winter. Age-0 and age-1 walleye pollock were collected in the SEBS from May to September 2008-2010. Energetic status was determined through quantification of energy density (Wig) and proximate composition (i.e., % lipid, % moisture) with variation in energy density primarily driven by variability in % lipid. Energy densities remained relatively low during the larval phase in spring, consistent with energy allocation to somatic growth and development. Lipid acquisition rates increased rapidly after transformation to the juvenile form (25-40 mm standard length), with energy allocation to lipid storage leading to higher energy densities in late summer. This transition in energy allocation strategies is a physiological manifestation of survival constraints associated with distinct ontogenetic stages; a strategy favoring growth to escape size-dependent predation appears limited to larval development while juvenile fish allocate proportionally more mass to lipid storage in late summer. We propose that the time after the end of larval development and before the onset of winter represents a short critical period for energy storage in age-0 walleye pollock, and that overwinter survival depends on accumulating sufficient stores the previous growing season and consequently may be an important determinant of recruitment success. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Siddon, Elizabeth C.; Mueter, Franz J.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Heintz, Ron A.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Ted Stevens Marine Res Inst, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
RP Siddon, EC (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, 17101 Pt Lena Loop Rd, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
EM ecsiddon@alaska.edu
FU North Pacific Research Board (NPRB) Bering Sea Integrated Ecosystem
Research Program (BSIERP); NOAA's North Pacific Climate Regimes and
Ecosystem Productivity Program (NPCREP); BEST-BSIERP Bering Sea Project
[67]
FX We thank the officers and crew of the NOAA ships Miller Freeman and
Oscar Dyson, the USCG vessel Healy, and the R/Vs Knorr (WHOI) and
Thompson (UW). Funding was provided through the North Pacific Research
Board (NPRB) Bering Sea Integrated Ecosystem Research Program (BSIERP)
and NOAA's North Pacific Climate Regimes and Ecosystem Productivity
Program (NPCREP). NOAA's EcoFOCI, MACE, and BASIS programs kindly
conducted additional sampling for this project. We thank Dr. Thomas
Hurst, Dr. Matthew Wilson, and one anonymous reviewer for providing
helpful comments that greatly improved the manuscript This research is
NPRB publication #360 and BEST-BSIERP Bering Sea Project #67. Fig. 1
courtesy of Ross Parnell-Turner, University of Cambridge. Reference to
trade names does not imply endorsement by the National Marine Fisheries
Service (NMFS), NOAA. The findings and conclusions in the paper are
those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the
NMFS, NOAA.
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PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0645
EI 1879-0100
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 94
BP 140
EP 149
DI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2012.12.007
PG 10
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 244BH
UT WOS:000326361600012
ER
PT J
AU Heintz, RA
Siddon, EC
Farley, EV
Napp, JM
AF Heintz, Ron A.
Siddon, Elizabeth C.
Farley, Edward V., Jr.
Napp, Jeffrey M.
TI Correlation between recruitment and fall condition of age-0 pollock
(Theragra chalcogramma) from the eastern Bering Sea under varying
climate conditions
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Pollock; Bering Sea; Recruitment; Climate change; Winter; Prey quality
ID OSCILLATING CONTROL HYPOTHESIS; PRINCE-WILLIAM-SOUND; WALLEYE POLLOCK;
WINTER MORTALITY; ECOSYSTEM; GROWTH; SIZE; SALMON; TEMPERATURE; ALASKA
AB Fishery managers require an understanding of how climate influences recruitment if they are to separate the effects of fishing and climate on production. The southeastern Bering Sea offers opportunities to understand climate effects on recruitment because inter-annual oscillations in ice coverage set up warm or cold conditions for juvenile fish production. Depth-averaged temperature anomalies in the Bering Sea indicate the past nine years have included three warm (2003-2005), an average (2006), and five cold (2007-2011) years. We examined how these climatic states influenced the diet quality and condition (size, energy density and total energy) of young-of-the-year (YOY) pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) in fall. The implications of fall condition were further examined by relating condition prior to winter to the number of age-1 recruits-per-spawner the following summer (R/S). The percentage of lipid in pollock diets was threefold higher in cold years compared with warm years, but stomach fullness did not vary. Consequently, fish energy densities were 33% higher in cold years (P < 0.001) than in warm years. In contrast, neither fish size (P=0.666), nor total energy (P=0.197) varied with climatic condition. However, total energy was significantly (P=0.007) and positively correlated with R/S (R-2=0.736). We conclude that recruitment to age-1 in the southeastern Bering Sea is improved under environmental conditions that produce large, energy dense YOY pollock in fall. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Heintz, Ron A.; Farley, Edward V., Jr.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Auke Bay Labs, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Siddon, Elizabeth C.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Napp, Jeffrey M.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Heintz, RA (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Auke Bay Labs, 17109 Pt Lena Loop Rd, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
EM ron.heintz@noaa.gov
FU NSF [OPP-0327308]
FX We thank all of the people involved in collecting and sorting the
samples used in this study. This includes the crews of numerous vessels.
In addition it includes numerous students that have helped to sort,
prepare and process samples in the laboratory. Collection of summer 2004
prey samples was supported by NSF Grant OPP-0327308 (to G.L. Hunt, Jr.)
and NOAA's North Pacific Climate Regimes and Ecosystem Productivity
(NPCREP) research program. This research is contribution NPRB 414,
BEST-BSIERP 93, and EcoFOCI-0797 to NOAA's NPCREP Program. References to
trade names do not imply endorsement by the National Marine Fisheries
Service, NOAA. The findings and conclusions in this paper are those of
the authors and even though NOAA reviewed the work and paid our salaries
the views here do not represent those of NMFS or NOAA.
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PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0645
EI 1879-0100
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 94
BP 150
EP 156
DI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.04.006
PG 7
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 244BH
UT WOS:000326361600013
ER
PT J
AU Wilderbuer, T
Stockhausen, W
Bond, N
AF Wilderbuer, Thomas
Stockhausen, William
Bond, Nicholas
TI Updated analysis of flatfish recruitment response to climate variability
and ocean conditions in the Eastern Bering Sea
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Advection; Flatfish; Recruitment; Climate changes
ID POLLOCK THERAGRA-CHALCOGRAMMA; ENVIRONMENT; JELLYFISH; CRITERIA;
PACIFIC; MODEL
AB This study provides a retrospective analysis of the relationship between physical oceanography, biology and recruitment of three Eastern Bering Sea flatfish stocks: flathead sole (Hippoglossoides elassodon), northern rock sole (Lepidopsetta polyxystra), and arrowtooth flounder (Atheresthes stomias) during the period 1978-2005. Stock assessment model estimates of recruitment and spawning stock size indicate that temporal patterns in productivity are consistent with decadal scale (or shorter) patterns in climate variability, which may influence marine survival during the early life history phases. Density-dependence (through spawning stock size) was statistically significant in a Ricker stock-recruit model of flatfish recruitment that included environmental terms. Wind-driven advection of northern rock sole and flathead sole larvae to favorable nursery grounds was found to coincide with years of above-average recruitment. Ocean forcing of Bristol Bay surface waters during springtime was mostly on-shelf (eastward) during the 1980s and again in the early 2000s, but was off-shelf (westerly) during the 1990s, corresponding with periods of good and poor recruitment, respectively. Finally, the Arctic Oscillation was found to be an important indicator of arrowtooth flounder productivity. Model results were applied to IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) future springtime wind scenarios to predict the future impact of climate on northern rock sole productivity and indicated that a moderate future increase in recruitment might be expected because the climate trends favor on-shelf transport but that density-dependence will dampen this effect such that northern rock sole abundance will not be substantially affected by climate change. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Wilderbuer, Thomas; Stockhausen, William] NOAA, Resource Ecol & Fisheries Management REFM Div, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, NMFS, Washington, DC 20230 USA.
[Bond, Nicholas] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean JISAO, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Wilderbuer, T (reprint author), NOAA, Resource Ecol & Fisheries Management REFM Div, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, NMFS, Washington, DC 20230 USA.
EM tom.wilderbuer@noaa.gov
FU BEST-BSIERP Bering Sea Project [69]
FX The authors thank Jim Ianelli for his assistance in coding the
population dynamics projection model and Neal Williamson, Paul Spencer,
James Lee, Mike Sigler and two anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful
reviews of the manuscript This manuscript has been assigned NPRB no. 365
and BEST-BSIERP Bering Sea Project no. 69. The findings and conclusions
in the paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent
the views of the National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA.
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0645
EI 1879-0100
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 94
BP 157
EP 164
DI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.03.021
PG 8
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 244BH
UT WOS:000326361600014
ER
PT J
AU Vincenzi, S
Mangel, M
AF Vincenzi, Simone
Mangel, Marc
TI Linking food availability, body growth and survival in the black-legged
kittiwake Rissa tridactyla
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Black-legged kittiwake Rissa tridactyla; Patch dynamics; Nestling
growth; Fledging age
ID EMPEROR PENGUIN POPULATION; FUTURE CLIMATE-CHANGE; LONG-LIVED SEABIRD;
POSTFLEDGING SURVIVAL; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; RESPONSES; SIZE;
CONSEQUENCES; CHICKS; RATES
AB Population dynamics of black-legged kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla in Bering Sea colonies are likely to increasingly experience climate-induced changes in the physical environment. Since adult kittiwakes are central place foragers with high energy requirements, increased variability of forage patch dynamics, as predicted for polar regions, may influence both quantity and quality of food available and consequently alter the population dynamics of kittiwake colonies. Here, we describe, conceptualize, and model the effects of environment and energy resources on kittiwake growth, fledging age (from 35 to 50 days) and survival from hatching up to first breeding (post-hatching productivity). For our life-history model, we use a von Bertalanffy growth function for body growth in mass. We model nestling mortality as a function of somatic growth, in order to account for oxidative damage and trade-offs in the allocation of resources, and energy available, since low food availability increases the risk of chicks' starvation and predation risk. In the case of a good environment (i.e., high food availability), the best strategy (i.e., highest post-hatching productivity) is to grow fast (about 18.6 g d(-1)) and to spend a moderately long time in the nest (up to 45 days), while in the case of a poor environment the best strategy is to grow fast (about 18 g d(-1)) and leave the nest soon (35-40 days). Different ages at first breeding do not change the optimal strategies. We discuss the implications of optimal growth strategy in terms of evolution of life histories in kittiwakes and how our work, coupled with models of post-breeding survival and reproductive dynamics, could lead to the development of a full life-history model and the exploration of future evolutionary trajectories for traits like body growth and age at first breeding. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Vincenzi, Simone] MRAG Amer, Capitola, CA 95010 USA.
[Vincenzi, Simone; Mangel, Marc] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ctr Stock Assessment Res, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Vincenzi, Simone; Mangel, Marc] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Mangel, Marc] Univ Bergen, Dept Biol, N-5020 Bergen, Norway.
RP Vincenzi, S (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Ctr Stock Assessment Res, 110 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM simon.vincenz@gmail.com
FU BEST-BSIERP Bering Sea Project [90]; North Pacific Research Board
(BEST-BSIERP) [B74]; Center for Stock Assessment Research (CSTAR); NSF
[EF-0924195]
FX BEST-BSIERP Bering Sea Project publication number 90 NPRB publication
number 409. This work was supported by funding from the North Pacific
Research Board (BEST-BSIERP project B74) and by the Center for Stock
Assessment Research (CSTAR), a partnership between the Fisheries Ecology
Division, NOAA Fisheries, Santa Cruz and the University of California
Santa Cruz and partially supported by NSF grant EF-0924195 to MM.
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PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0645
EI 1879-0100
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 94
BP 192
EP 200
DI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.03.029
PG 9
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 244BH
UT WOS:000326361600017
ER
PT J
AU Smart, TI
Siddon, EC
Duffy-Anderson, JT
AF Smart, T. I.
Siddon, E. C.
Duffy-Anderson, J. T.
TI Vertical distributions of the early life stages of walleye pollock
(Theragra chalcogramma) in the Southeastern Bering Sea
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Theragra chalcogramma; Vertical distribution; Bering Sea; Walleye
pollock
ID GULF-OF-ALASKA; SHELIKOF STRAIT; TEMPORAL VARIABILITY; MIGRATION
BEHAVIOR; CLIMATE-CHANGE; NORTHERN GULF; MARINE FISH; LARVAE;
ZOOPLANKTON; SHELF
AB The present study examines vertical distributions of the early life stages of walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) in the Southeastern Bering Sea to assess ontogenetic and diel vertical migration in relation to development and habitat. Walleye pollock demonstrated a decrease in the depth of occurrence following hatching, indicating an ontogenetic change in vertical distribution. Eggs occurred deepest in the water column and early juveniles occurred shallowest. Vertical distributions were related to the date of collection, water column depth, and thermocline depth. Non-feeding stages (eggs and yolksac larvae, <4.5 mm standard length [SL]) did not exhibit diel vertical migration. Feeding larvae exhibited diel vertical migration, although patterns varied between two feeding stages. Preflexion stage larvae (4.5-9.9 mm SL) were concentrated between 10 and 20 m during the day and deeper at night. Postflexion stage larvae (flexion and postflexion, 10.0-24.5 mm SL) underwent regular diel migrations (0-20 m, night; 10-40 m, day). Low sample sizes limited our ability to assess diel vertical migration in early juveniles, but this stage tends to occur in the upper 20 m of the water column, regardless of time of day. These results suggest that vertical distributions and diel migration potentially are driven by prey availability at sufficient light levels for preflexion larvae to feed and a trade-off between prey access and predation risk for postflexion larvae. Vertical distributions of eggs and preflexion larvae varied with habitat examined (on the continental shelf versus over the continental slope). Vertical distributions of walleye pollock eggs, yolksac larvae, and preflexion larvae in the Bering Sea are different from distributions in other ecosystems, which can impact transport and modeling efforts. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Smart, T. I.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Siddon, E. C.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Div Fisheries, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Duffy-Anderson, J. T.] NOAA Fisheries, RACE Div, Recruitment Proc Program, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Smart, TI (reprint author), Marine Resources Res Inst, Charleston, SC 29422 USA.
EM smartt@dnr.sc.gov
FU Bering Sea Integrated Ecosystem Research program (BSIERP) of the North
Pacific Research Board; North Pacific Climate Regimes and Ecosystem
Productivity (NPCREP) program of the National Oceanographic and
Atmospheric Administration
FX Thanks to the members of NOAA's Ecosystems and Fisheries Oceanography
Coordinated Investigations (EcoFOCI) who were involved in the collection
and processing of the ichthyoplankton samples. This research was
supported by the Bering Sea Integrated Ecosystem Research program
(BSIERP) of the North Pacific Research Board and the North Pacific
Climate Regimes and Ecosystem Productivity (NPCREP) program of the
National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration. This paper is
EcoFOCI Contribution no. N754-RAOA-N789, BEST-BSIERP Publication no. 89,
and NPRB Publication no. 407. We appreciate comments by Jeffrey Napp,
Morgan Busby, Thomas Hurst, and three anonymous reviewers.
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PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0645
EI 1879-0100
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 94
BP 201
EP 210
DI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.03.030
PG 10
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 244BH
UT WOS:000326361600018
ER
PT J
AU Parker-Stetter, SL
Horne, JK
Farley, EV
Barbee, DH
Andrews, AG
Eisner, LB
Nomura, JM
AF Parker-Stetter, Sandra L.
Horne, John K.
Farley, Edward V.
Barbee, David H.
Andrews, Alexander G., III
Eisner, Lisa B.
Nomura, Jennifer M.
TI Summer distributions of forage fish in the eastern Bering Sea
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Bering Sea; Forage fish; Walleye pollock; Pacific cod; Capelin;
Distribution
ID POLLOCK THERAGRA-CHALCOGRAMMA; AGE-0 WALLEYE POLLOCK; SITU TARGET
STRENGTH; COD GADUS-MORHUA; PRIBILOF ISLANDS; ECOSYSTEM; PACIFIC; SHELF;
JELLYFISH; ALASKA
AB Juvenile and small adult fish, typically called forage fish, are an important but poorly studied part of the eastern Bering Sea (EBS) ecosystem. Acoustic and trawl data from a non-target survey were used to evaluate distributions of capelin (Mallotus villosus), age-0 Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus), and age-0 walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma, herein pollock) in 2006-2010. Within the surface zone (15 m to similar to 35 m, evaluated 2006-2010), capelin occurred throughout the EBS but primarily in the middle shelf. Capelin were also present in the midwater zone (similar to 35 m to 0.5 m off-bottom) in both 2009 and 2010 (evaluated 2009-2010), and resulted in water column zone (15 m to 0.5 m off-bottom) distributions that differed from surface zone characterizations. Age-0 Pacific cod occurred primarily in the surface zone of the middle and outer shelf regions in all years. As midwater and surface zone age-0 Pacific cod were often coincident, water column zone distributions in 2009-2010 were similar to surface zone distributions. Age-0 pollock were found in the EBS surface zone in all years, primarily in the middle and outer shelf regions. High densities of age-0 pollock occurred in the midwater zone in 2006-2007 and 2009-2010. Water column zone distributions of age-0 pollock were similar to surface zone distributions in 2006-2007, but differed in 2009-2010 due to low numbers of age-0 pollock in the surface zone and presence of high densities in the midwater zone of the outer shelf region. While general patterns in capelin distribution in the surface zone were similar between the present and the previous studies, the acoustic-trawl characterization suggested that capelin densities were high in the middle shelf region. As expected, surface zone distributions of age-0 Pacific cod and age-0 pollock were similar to previous characterizations. Observed high densities of midwater age-0 pollock have not been described by previous studies. Annual abundance indices based on bottom or surface trawl data alone will not be sufficient in all years. Data and conclusions from non-target surveys may be constrained compared to dedicated survey efforts, but can provide baseline distributions, potential abundance indices, and insight for planning future research. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Parker-Stetter, Sandra L.; Horne, John K.; Barbee, David H.; Nomura, Jennifer M.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Farley, Edward V.; Andrews, Alexander G., III; Eisner, Lisa B.] Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Ted Stevens Marine Res Inst, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
RP Parker-Stetter, SL (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM slps@uw.edu; jhorne@uw.edu; ed.farley@noaa.gov; binkt@uw.edu;
alex.andrews@noaa.gov; lisa.eisner@noaa.gov; jmnomura@uw.edu
FU BEST-BSIERP Bering Sea Project [97]
FX The authors thank the Chief Scientists, scientific staff, Captains, and
crews on the Epic Explorer, Northwest Explorer, Sea Storm, and the NOAA
ship Oscar Dyson during 2006-2010. We also thank the NOAA-MACE program
(Seattle, WA) for use of equipment and software during 2008-2010 and for
providing calibration data for scientific echosounders. The NOAA-FEDZ
Laboratory (Juneau, AK) is gratefully acknowledged for their assistance
in species identification. We thank Jeff Napp (NOAA), Alex De Robertis
(NOAA) and four anonymous reviewers for constructive comments that
improved the final product. The findings and conclusions in this paper
are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of
the National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA. Reference to trade names
does not imply endorsement by the National Marine Fisheries Service,
NOAA. This paper is NPRB publication number 420 and BEST-BSIERP Bering
Sea Project publication number 97.
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0645
EI 1879-0100
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 94
BP 211
EP 230
DI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.04.022
PG 20
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 244BH
UT WOS:000326361600019
ER
PT J
AU Kotwicki, S
Lauth, RR
AF Kotwicki, Stan
Lauth, Robert R.
TI Detecting temporal trends and environmentally-driven changes in the
spatial distribution of bottom fishes and crabs on the eastern Bering
Sea shelf
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Spatial distribution; Population shift; Cold pool; Bottom fish; Crab;
Bering Sea shelf
ID POLLOCK THERAGRA-CHALCOGRAMMA; COD GADUS-MORHUA; CLIMATE-CHANGE; TRAWL
SURVEY; ICE COVER; CONSEQUENCES; VARIABILITY; CONSISTENCY; MERLUCCIUS;
MIGRATION
AB This study uses a 30-year time series of standardized bottom trawl survey data (1982-2011) from the eastern Bering Sea shelf to model patterns of summer spatial distribution for various bottom fishes and crabs in response to changes in the areal extent of the cold pool, time lag between surveys, and fluctuations in population abundance. This investigation is the first to include data for the 2006-2010 cold period and to use between-year comparisons of local and shelf-wide spatial indices to test specific responses to three different isothermal boundaries within the cold pool. Distributional shifts in population varied considerably among species and directional vectors for some species were greater in magnitude to the east or west than to the north or south; however, in general, eastern Bering Sea shelf populations shifted southward in response to the increasing cold pool size, and after accounting for differences in temperature and population abundance, there was still a temporal northward shift in populations over the last three decades despite the recent cooling trend. Model results for local and shelf-wide indices showed that survey time lag and cold pool extent had a greater effect on spatial distribution than population abundance, suggesting that density-independent mechanisms play a major role in shaping distribution patterns on the eastern Bering Sea shelf. The area enclosed by the 1 degrees C isotherm most commonly affects both local and shelf-wide spatial indices suggesting that 1 degrees C is a more important boundary for describing temperature preferences of eastern Bering Sea bottom fishes and crabs than is the 2 degrees C isotherm used for designating the physical boundary for the cold pool. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Kotwicki, Stan; Lauth, Robert R.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Resource Assessment & Conservat Engn Div, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Kotwicki, S (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Resource Assessment & Conservat Engn Div, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM Stan.Kotwicki@noaa.gov
FU BEST-BSIERP Bering Sea project [80]
FX We thank the legions of people for their extraordinary efforts to create
and maintain the eastern Bering Sea shelf bottom trawl survey time
series. This includes survey gear specialists, data managers, survey
support and administrative staff, captains and crews of chartered
fishing vessels, and most important, survey participants from within our
own ranks at the AFSC, as well as scores of others representing too many
organizations to list. We also thank Matt Baker, Dan Nichol, Dave
Somerton, Paul Spencer, Paul von Szalay, Duane Stevenson, and four
anonymous reviewers whose valuable comments greatly improved the quality
of this manuscript. The findings and conclusions in this paper are those
of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of National
Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA. This is BEST-BSIERP Bering Sea project
publication number 80 and NPRB publication number 395.
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0645
EI 1879-0100
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 94
BP 231
EP 243
DI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.03.017
PG 13
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 244BH
UT WOS:000326361600020
ER
PT J
AU Friday, NA
Zerbini, AN
Waite, JM
Moore, SE
Clapham, PJ
AF Friday, Nancy A.
Zerbini, Alexandre N.
Waite, Janice M.
Moore, Sue E.
Clapham, Phillip J.
TI Cetacean distribution and abundance in relation to oceanographic domains
on the eastern Bering Sea shelf, June and July of 2002, 2008, and 2010
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Abundance; Cetacean; Distribution; Eastern Bering Sea shelf; Spatial
variations; Temporal variations
ID ZOOPLANKTON COMMUNITY; RESPONSIVE MOVEMENT; HUMPBACK WHALES;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; INNER FRONT; ECOSYSTEM; VARIABILITY; EUPHAUSIIDS;
LINKAGES; DYNAMICS
AB As part of the Bering Sea Project, cetacean surveys were conducted to describe distribution and estimate abundance on the eastern Bering Sea shelf. Three marine mammal observers conducted visual surveys along transect lines sampled during the Alaska Fisheries Science Center walleye pollock assessment survey in June and July of 2008 and 2010. Distribution and abundance in 2008 and 2010 (cold years) are compared with results from a similar survey conducted in 2002 (a warm year), as the only three years that the entire survey area was sampled; patterns largely match those previously observed. Abundance estimates for comparable areas in 2002, 2008 and 2010 were as follows: humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae): 231 (CV=0.63), 436 (CV=0.45), and 675 (CV=0.80); fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus): 419 (CV=0.33), 1368 (CV=0.34), and 1061 (CV=0.38); minke whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata): 389 (CV=0.52), 517 (CV=0.69), and 2020 (CV=0.73); Dall's porpoise (Phocoenoides dalli): 35,303 (CV=0.53), 14,543 (CV=0.32), and 11,143 (CV=0.32); and harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena): 1971 (CV=0.46), 4056 (CV=0.40), and 833 (CV=0.66). It should be noted that these abundance estimates are not corrected for biases due to perception, availability, or responsive movement. Estimates for humpback, fin and minke whales increased from 2002 to 2010, while those for harbor and Dall's porpoise decreased; trends were significant for fin whales. It is likely that changes in estimated abundance are due at least in part to shifts in distribution and not just changes in overall population size. Annual abundance estimates were examined by oceanographic domain. Humpback whales were consistently concentrated in coastal waters north of Unimak Pass. Fin whales were broadly distributed in the outer domain and slope in 2008 and 2010, but sightings were sparse in 2002. Minke whales were distributed throughout the study area in 2002 and 2008, but in 2010 they were concentrated in the outer domain and slope. In 2002, Dall's porpoise were sighted on the western edge of the middle domain and in the outer domain and slope, but shifted west out of the middle domain in 2008 and 2010. In 2002 and 2008, harbor porpoise were consistently found in the middle domain with scattered sightings in the outer domain and slope. In 2010, there was a multi-species aggregation between Navarin and Pervenets canyons. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Friday, Nancy A.; Zerbini, Alexandre N.; Waite, Janice M.; Clapham, Phillip J.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Zerbini, Alexandre N.] Cascadia Res Collect, Olympia, WA 98501 USA.
[Moore, Sue E.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Marine Ecosyst Div, Off Sci & Technol, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Friday, NA (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM Nancy.Friday@noaa.gov; Alex.Zerbini@noaa.gov; Janice.Waite@noaa.go;
Sue.Moore@noaa.gov; Phillip.Clapham@noaa.gov
RI Zerbini, Alexandre/G-4138-2012
FU NOAA/AFSC/NMML; North Pacific Research Board; BEST-BSIERP Bering Sea
Project [70]
FX We thank Patti Haase, Amy Kennedy, Doug Kinzey, Ernesto Vazquez
Morquecho, Laura Morse, Stephanie Norman, Paula Olson, Desray Reeb, Kim
Valentine, Bridget Watts, and Suzanne Yin for their expertise and
dedication during the long hours of visual survey. We greatly appreciate
the extra effort of the observers who acted as cetacean cruise leaders:
Norman and Kinzey in 2002, Yin and Morse in 2008 and Yin and Olson in
2010. We also thank Gary Stauffer, former RACE Division Director, and
Russell E. Nelson, Jr., current RACE Division Director, who graciously
provided ship access and encouragement, without which there would be no
data. The flexibility and assistance of the captains and crew of the
NOAA ship Miller Freeman and NOAA ship Oscar Dyson contributed to the
success of this research. AFSC survey Chief Scientists Alex DeRobertis,
Taina Honkalehto, Paul Walline, and Neal Williamson allowed cetacean
research opportunities when practical. Thanks also to the entire RACE
scientific crew for their flexibility and support. The thoughtful
reviews of Megan Ferguson and Ivonne Ortiz are greatly appreciated.
Funding for this research was provided by NOAA/AFSC/NMML in 2002 and the
North Pacific Research Board in 2008 and 2010. This research was
conducted under MMPA Permit nos. 782-1438 and 782-1719 issued by the
National Marine Fisheries Service. This is NPRB publication number 368
and BEST-BSIERP Bering Sea Project publication number 70. The views
expressed herein are those of the authors and do not reflect the views
of NOAA.
NR 65
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0645
EI 1879-0100
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 94
BP 244
EP 256
DI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.03.011
PG 13
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 244BH
UT WOS:000326361600021
ER
PT J
AU Huntington, HP
Braem, NM
Brown, CL
Hunn, E
Krieg, TM
Lestenkof, P
Noongwook, G
Sepez, J
Sigler, MF
Wiese, FK
Zavadil, P
AF Huntington, Henry P.
Braem, Nicole M.
Brown, Caroline L.
Hunn, Eugene
Krieg, Theodore M.
Lestenkof, Pamela
Noongwook, George
Sepez, Jennifer
Sigler, Michael F.
Wiese, Francis K.
Zavadil, Philip
TI Local and traditional knowledge regarding the Bering Sea ecosystem:
Selected results from five indigenous communities
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Bering Sea; Local and traditional knowledge; Alaska Natives;
Subsistence; Hunting; Fishing
ID OSCILLATING CONTROL HYPOTHESIS; ST-LAWRENCE ISLAND; LEAST AUKLETS;
SHELF; IMPACTS; PHYSICS; ALASKA; WARM
AB We documented local and traditional knowledge (LTK) about the Bering Sea ecosystem through interviews with Alaska Native elders, hunters, and fishers in the coastal communities of Akutan, St. Paul, Togiak, Emmonak, and Savoonga. Their observations describe a complex and changing ecosystem, with indications of divergent impacts of change in the south (many species in decline) and the north (a productive ecosystem). Observed changes in species abundance suggest that the marginal zone of maximum (March) sea-ice extent is experiencing the most rapid directional changes, including shifts in distribution of ice-associated species such as bearded seal (Erignathus barbatus). Causes of declines in other species such as northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus) and murres (Uria spp.) are harder to identify, and seabird abundance trends appear to vary greatly with location. Connections between the LTK findings and other research under the North Pacific Research Board and National Science Foundation's Bering Sea Project were modest due to mismatches in temporal and spatial scales of reference and the fact that LTK observations were not initially made with scientific relevance in mind. We found, however, the overall observations to be consistent with the emerging picture of high spatial variability in the Bering Sea ecosystem. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Braem, Nicole M.; Brown, Caroline L.] Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Div Subsistence, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.
[Hunn, Eugene] Univ Washington, Dept Anthropol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Krieg, Theodore M.] Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Div Subsistence, Dillingham, AK 99576 USA.
[Lestenkof, Pamela] Aleut Community St Paul Isl Tribal Govt, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
[Noongwook, George] Native Village Savoonga, Savoonga Whaling Captains Assoc, Savoonga, AK 99769 USA.
[Sepez, Jennifer] NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Sigler, Michael F.] NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Wiese, Francis K.] North Pacific Res Board, Anchorage, AK 99501 USA.
[Zavadil, Philip] Aleut Community St Paul Isl Tribal Govt, St Paul Isl, AK 99660 USA.
RP Huntington, HP (reprint author), 23834 Clearing Dr, Eagle River, AK 99577 USA.
EM hph@alaska.net; nicole.braem@alaska.gov; caroline.brown@alaska.gov;
enhunn323@comcast.net; theodore.krieg@alaska.gov; pmlestenkof@tgspi.com;
gnunguk@hotmail.com; Mike.Sigler@noaa.gov; francis.wiese@nprb.org;
pazavadil@tgspi.com
FU North Pacific Research Board
FX We thank the North Pacific Research Board for funding our work, and the
leaders and researchers of Bering Sea Project for their encouragement
and support. We thank the Bering Sea Project LTK Regional Advisory Board
and its members for providing guidance and ideas for our project.
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0645
EI 1879-0100
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 94
BP 323
EP 332
DI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.04.025
PG 10
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 244BH
UT WOS:000326361600027
ER
PT J
AU Bardsley, T
Wood, A
Hobbins, M
Kirkham, T
Briefer, L
Niermeyer, J
Burian, S
AF Bardsley, Tim
Wood, Andrew
Hobbins, Mike
Kirkham, Tracie
Briefer, Laura
Niermeyer, Jeff
Burian, Steven
TI Planning for an Uncertain Future: Climate Change Sensitivity Assessment
toward Adaptation Planning for Public Water Supply
SO EARTH INTERACTIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Climate change; Water supply; Drought; Infrastructure; Hydrologic
modeling
ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; NORTH-AMERICA; VARIABILITY; TRENDS; STREAMFLOW;
SNOWPACK; AVAILABILITY; STATIONARITY; BASIN; DEAD
AB Assessing climate change risk to municipal water supplies is often conducted by hydrologic modeling specific to local watersheds and infrastructure to ensure that outputs are compatible with existing planning frameworks and processes. This study leverages the modeling capacity of an operational National Weather Service River Forecast Center to explore the potential impacts of future climate-driven hydrologic changes on factors important to planning at the Salt Lake City Department of Public Utilities (SLC). Hydrologic modeling results for the study area align with prior research in showing that temperature changes alone will lead to earlier runoff and reduced runoff volume. The sensitivity of average annual flow to temperature varies significantly between watersheds, averaging -3.8% degrees F-1 and ranging from -1.8% to -6.5% flow reduction per degree Fahrenheit of warming. The largest flow reductions occur during the high water demand months of May-September. Precipitation drives hydrologic response more strongly than temperature, with each 1% precipitation change producing an average 1.9% runoff change of the same sign. This paper explores the consequences of climate change for the reliability of SLC's water supply system using scenarios that include hydrologic changes in average conditions, severe drought scenarios, and future water demand test cases. The most significant water management impacts will be earlier and reduced runoff volume, which threaten the system's ability to maintain adequate streamflow and storage to meet late-summer water demands.
C1 [Bardsley, Tim] Western Water Assessment, Salt Lake City, UT 84116 USA.
[Wood, Andrew] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Hobbins, Mike] NOAA, Div Phys Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Kirkham, Tracie; Briefer, Laura; Niermeyer, Jeff] Salt Lake City Dept Publ Util, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
[Burian, Steven] Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
RP Bardsley, T (reprint author), Western Water Assessment, 2242 W North Temple, Salt Lake City, UT 84116 USA.
EM wwa.bardsley@gmail.com
RI Hobbins, Mike/N-4630-2014;
OI Hobbins, Mike/0000-0001-5789-5229; Burian, Steven/0000-0003-0523-4968
FU National Science Foundation [1135483]; Western Water Assessment RISA
program based at the University of Colorado, Boulder under NOAA
[NA10OAR4310214]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge technical and office support provided
by the NWS CBRFC, especially Craig Peterson, John Lhotak, Michelle
Stokes, and Kevin Werner. We are also grateful to our two anonymous
reviewers and internal reviews from Eric Gordon and Jeff Lukas (WWA) and
graphics assistance from Ami Nacu-Schmidt (WWA). Jeff Lukas and Matthew
Bekker (Brigham Young University) provided draft tree-ring chronologies.
This material is partially based upon work completed by the CI-WATER
project supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant
1135483. Partial funding for this effort came from the Western Water
Assessment RISA program based at the University of Colorado, Boulder,
under NOAA Grant NA10OAR4310214.
NR 34
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PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1087-3562
J9 EARTH INTERACT
JI Earth Interact.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 17
AR 23
DI 10.1175/2012EI000501.1
PG 26
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 246ZY
UT WOS:000326582700001
ER
PT J
AU Crowley, C
Shinder, II
Moldover, MR
AF Crowley, Christopher
Shinder, Iosif I.
Moldover, Michael R.
TI The effect of turbulence on a multi-hole Pitot calibration
SO FLOW MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENTATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Airspeed calibration; Multi hole Pitot tube; Detached boundary layer;
Turbulence
AB Accurate calibrations of multi-hole Pitot tubes require thousands of measurements spanning ranges of the fluid's velocity, and the pitch and yaw angles. When calibrating a commercially-manufactured multi-hole Pitot tube in NISTs low-turbulence wind tunnel, we found hysteresis in certain ranges of airspeed, pitch angle, and yaw angle. In the worst case, the hysteresis caused a calibration error of 30%. We demonstrate that the hysteresis was caused by a flow instability associated with flow separation. A turbulence intensity of only 1% removes the hysteresis; however, the calibration depends on the turbulence intensity over the entire range of our measurements (0.25-2%). Therefore, multi-hole Pitot tubes should be calibrated and used at the same turbulence levels. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Crowley, Christopher; Shinder, Iosif I.; Moldover, Michael R.] NIST, Sensor Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Crowley, C (reprint author), NIST, Sensor Sci Div, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM Christopher.crowley@nist.gov
NR 6
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PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0955-5986
EI 1873-6998
J9 FLOW MEAS INSTRUM
JI Flow Meas. Instrum.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 33
BP 106
EP 109
DI 10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2013.05.007
PG 4
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 244BI
UT WOS:000326361700011
ER
PT J
AU Chirico, RD
Frenkel, M
Magee, JW
Diky, V
Muzny, CD
Kazakov, AF
Kroenlein, K
Abdulagatov, I
Hardin, GR
Acree, WE
Brenneke, JF
Brown, PL
Cummings, PT
de Loos, TW
Friend, DG
Goodwin, ARH
Hansen, LD
Haynes, WM
Koga, N
Mandelis, A
Marsh, KN
Mathias, PM
McCabe, C
O'Connell, JP
Padua, A
Rives, V
Schick, C
Trusler, JPM
Vyazovkin, S
Weir, RD
Wu, JT
AF Chirico, Robert D.
Frenkel, Michael
Magee, Joseph W.
Diky, Vladimir
Muzny, Chris D.
Kazakov, Andrei F.
Kroenlein, Kenneth
Abdulagatov, Ilmutdin
Hardin, Gary R.
Acree, William E., Jr.
Brenneke, Joan F.
Brown, Paul L.
Cummings, Peter T.
de Loos, Theo W.
Friend, Daniel G.
Goodwin, Anthony R. H.
Hansen, Lee D.
Haynes, William M.
Koga, Nobuyoshi
Mandelis, Andreas
Marsh, Kenneth N.
Mathias, Paul M.
McCabe, Clare
O'Connell, John P.
Padua, Agilio
Rives, Vicente
Schick, Christoph
Trusler, J. P. Martin
Vyazovkin, Sergey
Weir, Ron D.
Wu, Jiangtao
TI Improvement of Quality in Publication of Experimental Thermophysical
Property Data: Challenges, Assessment Tools, Global Implementation, and
Online Support
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
LA English
DT Review
ID THERMODATA ENGINE TDE; XML-BASED APPROACH; SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION;
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; STORAGE; MIXTURES; EXCHANGE
AB This article describes a 10-year cooperative effort between the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and five major journals in the field of thermophysical and thermochemical properties to improve the quality of published reports of experimental data. The journals are Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data, The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, Fluid Phase Equilibria, Thermochimica Acta, and International Journal of Thermophysics. The history of this unique cooperation is outlined, together with an overview of software tools and procedures that have been developed and implemented to aid authors, editors, and reviewers at all stages of the publication process, including experiment planning. Both successes and failures are highlighted. The procedures are now well established and are designed to yield maximum benefit to all stakeholders (authors, editors, reviewers, publishers, readers, data users, etc.) through the establishment of procedures and support tools that efficiently serve the specific interests of those involved. All specially designed tools and procedures are described fully, together with their benefits and examples of application. A key feature of the cooperation is the efficient validation of experimental data after peer review but before acceptance for publication. Nearly 1000 articles per year are considered within the scope of this work, with significant problems identified in roughly one-third of these. Full statistics for the findings are given, and a variety of examples of common problems found are given.
C1 [Chirico, Robert D.; Frenkel, Michael; Magee, Joseph W.; Diky, Vladimir; Muzny, Chris D.; Kazakov, Andrei F.; Kroenlein, Kenneth; Abdulagatov, Ilmutdin; Hardin, Gary R.] NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Acree, William E., Jr.] Univ N Texas, Dept Chem, NT Stn, Denton, TX 76203 USA.
[Brenneke, Joan F.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Brown, Paul L.] Rio Tinto Technol & Innovat, Bundoora, Vic 3083, Australia.
[Cummings, Peter T.; McCabe, Clare] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
[de Loos, Theo W.] Delft Univ Technol, Dept Proc & Energy, NL-2628 CA Delft, Netherlands.
[Friend, Daniel G.; Haynes, William M.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Goodwin, Anthony R. H.] Schlumberger Technol Corp, Sugar Land, TX 77478 USA.
[Hansen, Lee D.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
[Koga, Nobuyoshi] Hiroshima Univ, Grad Sch Educ, Dept Sci Educ, Higashihiroshima 7398524, Japan.
[Mandelis, Andreas] Univ Toronto, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada.
[Marsh, Kenneth N.] Univ Western Australia, Sch Mech & Chem Engn, Crawley 6009, Australia.
[Mathias, Paul M.] Fluor Corp, Aliso Viejo, CA 92698 USA.
[O'Connell, John P.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
[Padua, Agilio] Univ Clermont Ferrand, CNRS, Lab Thermodynam, F-63177 Aubiere, France.
[Padua, Agilio] Univ Clermont Ferrand, F-63177 Aubiere, France.
[Rives, Vicente] Univ Salamanca, Dept Quim Inorgan, GIR QUESCAT, E-37008 Salamanca, Spain.
[Schick, Christoph] Univ Rostock, Inst Phys, D-18051 Rostock, Germany.
[Trusler, J. P. Martin] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Chem Engn, London SW7 2AZ, England.
[Vyazovkin, Sergey] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Chem, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA.
[Weir, Ron D.] Royal Mil Coll Canada RMCC, Dept Chem & Chem Engn, Kingston, ON K7K 7B4, Canada.
[Wu, Jiangtao] Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Energy & Power Engn, Ctr Thermal & Fluid Sci, Xian 710049, Peoples R China.
RP Chirico, RD (reprint author), NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM chirico@boulder.nist.gov
RI Magee, Joseph/A-8496-2009; Schick, Christoph/C-1154-2009; McCabe,
Clare/I-8017-2012; Trusler, J. P. Martin/C-8200-2015;
OI Magee, Joseph/0000-0002-9312-8593; Schick,
Christoph/0000-0001-6736-5491; Padua, Agilio/0000-0002-7641-6526;
McCabe, Clare/0000-0002-8552-9135; Trusler, J. P.
Martin/0000-0002-6403-2488; Koga, Nobuyoshi/0000-0002-1839-8163
FU IUPAC (the International Union for Pure and Applied Chemistry)
[2007-024-2-100, 2002-055-3-024, 2007-039-1-024, 2011-037-2-100]
FX The authors express their appreciation to the journal publishers and
staff (past and present) of the cooperating organizations (Jeffrey
Mullins, Clay Burgett, and Susan King of the American Chemical Society
Publications; Ella Chen, Helen Habernickel, and Michiel Thijssen of
Elsevier B. V.; and Kyesha Hammond of Springer) for their keen interest
in and support of this project. Their efforts have been essential to the
success of this work. The authors thank IUPAC (the International Union
for Pure and Applied Chemistry) for partial support of four projects
related to this work; IUPAC Guidelines for Reporting of Phase
Equilibrium Measurements (IUPAC project 2007-024-2-100), XML-Based IUPAC
Standard for Experimental, Predicted, and Critically Evaluated
Thermodynamic Property Data Storage and Capture (ThermoML) (IUPAC
project 2002-055-3-024), Extension of ThermoML: The IUPAC Standard for
Thermodynamic Data Communications (IUPAC project 2007-039-1-024), and
the current project Recommended Reference Materials for Phase
Equilibrium Studies (IUPAC project 2011-037-2-100). The project
described in this article would be impossible to conduct without the
participation of thousands of authors contributing feedback for
continuous improvement of the data validation process. Products or
companies named here are cited only in the interest of complete
technical description and neither constitute nor imply endorsement by
NIST or by the U.S. government. Other products may be found to serve as
well.
NR 51
TC 59
Z9 59
U1 8
U2 52
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0021-9568
J9 J CHEM ENG DATA
JI J. Chem. Eng. Data
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 58
IS 10
BP 2699
EP 2716
DI 10.1021/je400569s
PG 18
WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Engineering
GA 244DM
UT WOS:000326367300001
ER
PT J
AU Copeman, LA
Laurel, BJ
Parrish, CC
AF Copeman, Louise A.
Laurel, Benjamin J.
Parrish, Christopher C.
TI Effect of temperature and tissue type on fatty acid signatures of two
species of North Pacific juvenile gadids: A laboratory feeding study
SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Biomarker; Cod; Fatty acid; Juvenile; Pollock; Temperature
ID COD GADUS-MORHUA; POLLOCK THERAGRA-CHALCOGRAMMA; FOOD-WEB; WALLEYE
POLLOCK; ATLANTIC SALMON; LIPID-COMPOSITION; ESTIMATING DIETS; TROPHIC
MARKERS; STABLE-ISOTOPE; FISH
AB The utility of the fatty add biomarker (FAB) approach in fisheries ecology is limited by our understanding of how biotic and abiotic factors determine dietary markers in fish tissues. An 8-week laboratory experiment was conducted on two species of juvenile gadids (Pacific cod, Gadus macrocephalus and walleye Pollock, Theragra chalcogramma) reared at 3 degrees C or 9 degrees C and fed a diet enriched with either oils of marine origin or terrestrial plant origin. Non-linear models were fitted to investigate how tissue type and temperature mediated the proportion of FABs in fish. Across temperatures, fatty acid (FA) profiles were similar for both species of gadids. FAs also showed high temporal sensitivity across temperatures, and were evident in fish after only one week of feeding. Pacific cod held at 9 degrees C and fed a terrestrial plant oil (TPO) enriched diet had significantly higher C-18 polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) in their liver than cod held at 3 degrees C after one week, but this temperature effect diminished as tissues reached equilibrium with their diet C-18 PUFAs were significantly higher in liver than in muscle. Differential proportions of C-18 PUFAs among tissues provide temporal patterns that may help with disentangling the timing of offshore-inshore nursery migrations in juvenile fish. Calibration coefficients were determined to explain the relationship between FAs in the diet and FAs in fish tissues. These coefficients will support future development of quantitative estimates of diet in juvenile low-fat fish. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Copeman, Louise A.] Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Cooperat Inst Marine Resources Studies, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Copeman, Louise A.; Parrish, Christopher C.] Mem Univ Newfoundland, Dept Ocean Sci, St John, NF A1C 5S7, Canada.
[Laurel, Benjamin J.] NOAA, Fisheries Behav Ecol Program, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
RP Copeman, LA (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Cooperat Inst Marine Resources Studies, 2030 S Marine Sci Dr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
EM copemanl@onid.orst.edu; Ben.Laurel@noaa.gov; cparrish@mun.ca
FU NOAA-AFSC Habitat and Ecosystem Process Research (HEPR) grant;
Cooperative Institute for Marine Resources Studies, Oregon State
University [NA17RJ1362]; NSERC
FX Sample processing costs and salary for Louise Copeman were provided by a
NOAA-AFSC Habitat and Ecosystem Process Research (HEPR) grant awarded to
Benjamin Laurel, Clifford Ryer, Christopher Parrish, Allan Stoner, Brian
Knoth and Dan Urban. Partial salary support to Louise Copeman was
provided by a Cooperative Institute for Marine Resources Studies, Oregon
State University grant (#NA17RJ1362). Salary support for Louise Copeman
was also provided by a NSERC discovery grant awarded to Dr. C. Parrish.
Many thanks to the technical staff in Dr. C. Parrish's lab (in
particular Tara Hooper and Jeanette Wells), for processing lipid classes
and FAs on extracted samples. Thanks also to Scott Haines, Paul Iseri
and Michele Ottmar for providing assistance in the laboratory on
juvenile feeding experiments. [RH]
NR 52
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 3
U2 21
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-0981
EI 1879-1697
J9 J EXP MAR BIOL ECOL
JI J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 448
BP 188
EP 196
DI 10.1016/j.jembe.2013.07.008
PG 9
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 245AE
UT WOS:000326430500024
ER
PT J
AU White, CL
Schuler, KL
Thomas, NJ
Webb, JL
Saliki, JT
Ip, HS
Dubey, JP
Frame, ER
AF White, C. LeAnn
Schuler, Krysten L.
Thomas, Nancy J.
Webb, Julie L.
Saliki, Jeremiah T.
Ip, Hon S.
Dubey, J. P.
Frame, Elizabeth R.
TI PATHOGEN EXPOSURE AND BLOOD CHEMISTRY IN THE WASHINGTON, USA POPULATION
OF NORTHERN SEA OTTERS (ENHYDRA LUTRIS KENYONI)
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE Biotoxins; Brucella; influenza; Leptospira; morbillivirus; Sarcocystis
neurona; Toxoplasma gondii
ID PHOCA-VITULINA-RICHARDSI; CANINE-DISTEMPER VIRUS; INFLUENZA-A VIRUSES;
MARINE MAMMALS; MORBILLIVIRUS INFECTIONS; BRUCELLA-PINNIPEDIALIS;
SARCOCYSTIS-NEURONA; CLINICAL PATHOLOGY; TOXOPLASMA-GONDII;
COXIELLA-BURNETII
AB Northern sea otters (Enhydra harts kenyoni) from Washington State, United States were evaluated in 2011 to determine health status and pathogen exposure. Antibodies to Brucella spp. (10%) and influenza A virus (23%) were detected for the first time in this population in 2011. Changes in clinical pathology values (serum chemistries), exposure to pathogens, and overall health of the population over the last decade were assessed by comparing 2011 data to the data collected on this population in 2001-2002. Several serum chemistry parameters were different between study years and sexes but were not clinically significant. The odds of canine distemper virus exposure were higher for otters sampled in 2001-2002 (80%) compared to 2011 (10%); likelihood of exposure significantly increased with age. Prevalence of exposure to Sarcocystis neurona was also higher in 2001-2002 (29%) than in 2011 (0%), but because testing methods varied between study years the results were not directly comparable. Exposure to Leptospira spp. was only observed in 2001-2002. Odds of Toxoplasma gondii exposure were higher for otters sampled in 2011 (97%) than otters in 2001-2002 (58%). Substantial levels of domoic acid (n=2) and saxitoxin (n=2) were found in urine or fecal samples from animals sampled in 2011. No evidence of calicivirus or Coxiella burnetii exposure in the Washington population of northern sea otters was found in either 2001-2002 or 2011. Changes in exposure status from 2001-2002 to 2011 suggest that the Washington sea otter population may be dealing with new disease threats (e.g., influenza) while also increasing their susceptibility to diseases that may be highly pathogenic in naive individuals (e.g., canine distemper).
C1 [White, C. LeAnn; Schuler, Krysten L.; Thomas, Nancy J.; Ip, Hon S.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
[Webb, Julie L.] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Saliki, Jeremiah T.] Univ Georgia, Athens Vet Diagnost Lab, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Dubey, J. P.] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Frame, Elizabeth R.] NOAA, Environm Conservat Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP White, CL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, 6006 Schroeder Rd, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
EM clwhite@usgs.gov
FU US Fish and Wildlife Service, the Washington Fish and Wildlife Office,
Division of Listing and Recovery [4500029854 (13320-A-H008)]; US
Geological Service-National Wildlife Health Center
FX This project was supported by the US Fish and Wildlife Service, the
Washington Fish and Wildlife Office, Division of Listing and Recovery,
Interagency Agreement 4500029854 (13320-A-H008). Additional support was
provided by US Geological Service-National Wildlife Health Center.
Sample collection was done in collaboration with the US Geological
Survey-Alaska Science Center and Monterey Bay Aquarium. We thank J.
Bodkin, M. Murray, G. Esslinger, B. Weitzman, B. Hatfield, M. Kenner,
and J. Tomeleoni for assistance with capture and sampling. We thank R.
Hornsby, D. Lindsay, R. Ford, and A. Smith for assistance with testing
and interpretation. We are grateful to D. Lynch for logistic support and
V. Shearn-Bochsler for review of earlier drafts of the manuscript. Use
of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 60
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 5
U2 38
PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0090-3558
EI 1943-3700
J9 J WILDLIFE DIS
JI J. Wildl. Dis.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 49
IS 4
BP 887
EP 899
DI 10.7589/2013-03-053
PG 13
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 241WM
UT WOS:000326199400011
PM 24502716
ER
PT J
AU Cross, TA
Arsnoe, DM
Minnis, RB
King, DT
Swafford, S
Pedersen, K
Owen, JC
AF Cross, Tiffanie A.
Arsnoe, D. M.
Minnis, R. B.
King, D. T.
Swafford, S.
Pedersen, K.
Owen, J. C.
TI PREVALENCE OF AVIAN PARAMYXOVIRUS 1 AND AVIAN INFLUENZA VIRUS IN
DOUBLE-CRESTED CORMORANTS (PHALACROCORAX AURITUS) IN EASTERN NORTH
AMERICA
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE Avian influenza virus; avian paramyxovirus-1; Double-crested Cormorants;
Great Lakes region; Newcastle disease; Phalacrocorax auritus;
seroprevalence
ID NEWCASTLE-DISEASE-VIRUS; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; UNITED-STATES; WILD
BIRDS; A VIRUS; CHICKENS; ANTIBODY; SASKATCHEWAN; MIGRATION; PATTERNS
AB Although it is well established that wild birds, such as cormorants, carry virulent avian paramyxovirus serotype 1 (APMV-1; causative agent of Newcastle disease) and avian influenza virus (ATV), the prevalence of these viruses among Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) in the Great Lakes region of North America has not been rigorously studied. We determined the prevalences of APMV-1 and AIV in Double-crested Cormorants from the interior population of eastern North America. From 2009 to 2011, oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs and serum samples were collected from 1,957 individual Double-crested Cormorants, ranging from chicks to breeding adults, on breeding colony sites in Michigan, Wisconsin, and Mississippi, USA, and Ontario, Canada, as well as on the wintering grounds of migratory populations in Mississippi, USA. Prevalence of antibodies to APMV-1 in after hatch year birds was consistently high across all three years, ranging from 86.3% to 91.6%. Antibody prevalences in chicks were much lower: 1.7, 15.3, and 16.4% in 2009, 2010, and 2011, respectively. Virulent APMV-1 was detected in six chicks sampled in 2010 in Ontario, Canada. Only one adult was positive for AIV-specific antibodies and five individuals were positive for AIV matrix protein, but the latter were negative for H5 and H7 AIV subtypes. We provide further evidence that Double-crested Cormorants play an important role in the maintenance and circulation of APMV-1 in the wild, but are unlikely to be involved in the circulation of AIV.
C1 [Cross, Tiffanie A.; Arsnoe, D. M.; Owen, J. C.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Cross, Tiffanie A.] NOAA Fisheries, Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commiss, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Point Adams Res Stn, Hammond, OR 97121 USA.
[Arsnoe, D. M.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, APHIS, Okemos, MI 48864 USA.
[Minnis, R. B.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Natl Conservat Training Ctr, Shepherdstown, WV 25443 USA.
[King, D. T.] Mississippi State Univ, USDA, APHIS, Wildlife Serv,Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Mississippi F, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Swafford, S.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, APHIS, Columbia, MO 65202 USA.
[Pedersen, K.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, APHIS, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Owen, J. C.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Large Anim Clin Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
RP Owen, JC (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, 13 Nat Resources Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM owenj@msu.edu
FU USDA-APHIS Wildlife Services through the Berryman Institute
FX Funding was provided by the USDA-APHIS Wildlife Services through the
Berryman Institute to J.C.O. and R.B.M. The following individuals
provided field, laboratory, and/or logistical support: T. Aderman, C.
Barattini, F. Cunningham, S. Elbin, S. Elliot, P. Fioranelli, K.
Hanson-Dorr, L. Heyens, E. Johnston, J. Landgraf, S. Lemmons, S.
Lockhart, D. Marks, J. McNulty, M. Meeker, D. Moore, B. Muter, A.
Nakamura, E. Olsen, J. Pedersen, S. Privett, N. Spa la, C. Weseloh, and
A. Wise.
NR 55
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Z9 6
U1 4
U2 17
PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0090-3558
EI 1943-3700
J9 J WILDLIFE DIS
JI J. Wildl. Dis.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 49
IS 4
BP 965
EP 977
DI 10.7589/2012-06-164
PG 13
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 241WM
UT WOS:000326199400019
PM 24502724
ER
PT J
AU Zhao, LY
Levendorf, M
Goncher, S
Schiros, T
Palova, L
Zabet-Khosousi, A
Rim, KT
Gutierrez, C
Nordlund, D
Jaye, C
Hybertsen, M
Reichman, DR
Flynn, GW
Park, J
Pasupathy, AN
AF Zhao, Liuyan
Levendorf, Mark
Goncher, Scott
Schiros, Theanne
Palova, Lucia
Zabet-Khosousi, Arnir
Rim, Kwang Taeg
Gutierrez, Christopher
Nordlund, Dennis
Jaye, Cherno
Hybertsen, Mark
Reichman, David R.
Flynn, George W.
Park, Jiwoong
Pasupathy, Abhay N.
TI Local Atomic and Electronic Structure of Boron Chemical Doping in
Monolayer Graphene
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Graphene chemical doping; scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy;
boron-doped graphene; graphene functionalization; X-ray spectroscopy
ID NITROGEN-DOPED GRAPHENE; SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPE;
VAPOR-DEPOSITION; PYROLYTIC-GRAPHITE; GROWTH; SPECTROSCOPY; ENERGY;
CARBON; EDGE
AB We use scanning tunneling microscopy and X-ray spectroscopy to characterize the, atomic and electronic structure of boron-doped and nitrogen-doped graphene created by chemical vapor deposition on copper substrates. Microscopic measurements show that boron, like nitrogen, incorporates into the carbon lattice primarily in the graphitic form and contributes 0.5 carriers into the graphene sheet per dopant: Density functional theory calculations indicate that boron dopants interact strongly with the, underlying copper substrate while nitrogen dopants do not. The local bonding differences between graphitic boron and nitrogen dopants lead to large scale differences in dopant distribution. The distribution of dopants is observed to be completely random in the case of boron, while nitrogen displays strong sublattice clustering. Structurally, nitrogen-doped graphene is doped graphene films show.a large number of Stone-Wales defects. These defects create local electronic resonances electronic scattering, but do not electronically dope the graphene film. relatively defect-free while boronand cause
C1 [Zhao, Liuyan; Gutierrez, Christopher; Pasupathy, Abhay N.] Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Levendorf, Mark; Park, Jiwoong] Cornell Univ, Dept Chem, Ithaca, NY 10065 USA.
[Goncher, Scott; Palova, Lucia; Zabet-Khosousi, Arnir; Rim, Kwang Taeg; Reichman, David R.; Flynn, George W.] Columbia Univ, Dept Chem, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Schiros, Theanne] Columbia Univ, Energy Frontier Res Ctr, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Nordlund, Dennis] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lightsource, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Jaye, Cherno] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Hybertsen, Mark] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Pasupathy, AN (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, 538 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA.
EM pasupathy@phys.columbia.edu
RI Nordlund, Dennis/A-8902-2008;
OI Nordlund, Dennis/0000-0001-9524-6908; Hybertsen, Mark
S/0000-0003-3596-9754; Gutierrez, Christopher/0000-0002-8307-6419
FU EFRC Center for Re-Defining Photovoltaic Efficiency through Molecule
Scale Control [DE-SC0001085]; AFOSR [FA9550-11-1-0010, MUM
FA955009-1-0705, FA9550-09-1-0691 0.P]; DOE [DE-FG02-88ER13937]; NYSTAR;
NSF [CHE-07-01483, CHE-10-12058]; Samsung Advanced Institute of
Technology Global Research Outreach program; Nano Material Technology
Development Program [2012M3A7B4049887]; National Research Foundation of
Korea (j.P.); DOE-BES [DE-ACO2-98CH10886]
FX Research supported by the EFRC Center for Re-Defining Photovoltaic
Efficiency through Molecule Scale Control (award DE-SC0001085). Support
also provided by AFOSR under Grants FA9550-11-1-0010 (A.N.P.), MUM
FA955009-1-0705 (G.W.F.), and FA9550-09-1-0691 0.P.); DOE under Grant
DE-FG02-88ER13937 (G.W.F.); NYSTAR and NSF under Grants CHE-07-01483 and
CHE-10-12058 (G.W.F.); Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology Global
Research Outreach program (J.P.), and the Nano Material Technology
Development Program (2012M3A7B4049887) through the National Research
Foundation of Korea (j.P.). Portions of this research were carried out
at beamlines 11-3 and 13-2 at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation
Laboratory, a national user facility operated by Stanford University on
behalf of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Basic Energy Sciences
(DOE-BES), as well as at the Center for Functional Nanomaterials and
beamlines X-9 and U7A at the National Synchrotron Light Source, both at
Brookhaven National Laboratory and supported by DOE-BES under Contract
No. DE-ACO2-98CH10886.
NR 53
TC 75
Z9 76
U1 18
U2 166
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
EI 1530-6992
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 13
IS 10
BP 4659
EP 4665
DI 10.1021/nl401781d
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 243ZG
UT WOS:000326356300012
PM 24032458
ER
PT J
AU Early, KT
Nesbitt, DJ
AF Early, Kevin T.
Nesbitt, David J.
TI Size-Dependent Photoionization in Single CdSe/ZnS Nanocrystals
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Quantum dots; blinking; photoionization; Auger; carrier relaxation
ID SEMICONDUCTOR QUANTUM DOTS; POWER-LAW BEHAVIOR; FLUORESCENCE
INTERMITTENCY; AUGER IONIZATION; OPTICAL GAIN; BLINKING; DYNAMICS;
RATES; RECOMBINATION; DIFFUSION
AB Fluorescence intermittency in single semiconductor nanocrystals has been shown to follow power law statistics over many decades in time and in probability. Recently, several studies have shown that, while "off" dwell times are insensitive to almost all experimental parameters, "on" dwell times exhibit a pump-power dependent exponential truncation at long times, suggestive of enhanced biexciton photoionization probabilities at high excitation powers. Here we report the dependence of this on-time truncation on nanocrystal radius. We observe a decrease in the per-pulse photoionization probability from 1.8(2) x 10(-4) to 2.0(7) x 10(-6) as the CdSe core radius increase:: from 1.3 to 3.5 nm, with a radius scaling for the probability for charge ejection arising from biexciton formation P-ionize (r) cc 1/r(3.5(5)). Effective mass calculations of the exciton wave functions show that the product of fractional electron and hole probabilities in the trap-rich ZnS shell scale similarly with nanocrystal radius. Possible charge ejection mechanisms from such a surface-localized state are discussed.
C1 [Nesbitt, David J.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Nesbitt, DJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, JILA, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM djn@jila.colorado.edu
FU National Science Foundation [CHE1012685, PHYS1125844]; National
Institute for Standards and Technology
FX This work has been supported by the National Science Foundation
(CHE1012685, PHYS1125844) and the National Institute for Standards and
Technology. K.T.E. would also like to gratefully acknowledge financial
support from the National Institute for Standards and Technology for a
National Research Council Postdoctoral Fellowship.
NR 33
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 38
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
EI 1530-6992
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 13
IS 10
BP 4844
EP 4849
DI 10.1021/nl402607a
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 243ZG
UT WOS:000326356300042
PM 24020423
ER
PT J
AU Quackenbush, NF
Tashman, JW
Mundy, JA
Sallis, S
Paik, H
Misra, R
Moyer, JA
Guo, JH
Fischer, DA
Woicik, JC
Muller, DA
Schlom, DG
Piper, LFJ
AF Quackenbush, N. F.
Tashman, J. W.
Mundy, J. A.
Sallis, S.
Paik, H.
Misra, R.
Moyer, J. A.
Guo, J. -H.
Fischer, D. A.
Woicik, J. C.
Muller, D. A.
Schlom, D. G.
Piper, L. F. J.
TI Nature of the Metal Insulator Transition in Ultrathin Epitaxial Vanadium
Dioxide
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE VO2; metal insulator transition; X-ray spectroscopy; transition metal
oxides; ultrathin films
ID PHASE-TRANSITION; MOTT TRANSITION; THIN-FILMS; VO2; ELECTRONICS; XPS
AB We have combined hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy with angular dependent O K-edge and V L-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy to study the electronic structure of metallic and insulating end point phases in 4.1 nm thick (14 units cells. along the c-axis of VO2) films on TiO2(001) substrates, each displaying an abrupt MIT centered at 300 K with width <20 K and a resistance change of Delta R/R > 10(3). The dimensions, quality of the films, and stoichiometry were confirmed by a combination of scanning transmission electron microscopy with electron energy loss spectroscopy, X-ray spectroscopy, and resistivity measurements. The measured end point phases agree with their bulk counterparts. This clearly shows that, apart from the strain induced change in transition temperature, the underlying mechanism of the MIT for technologically relevant dimensions must be the same as the bulk for this orientation.
C1 [Quackenbush, N. F.; Piper, L. F. J.] SUNY Binghamton, Dept Phys Appl Phys & Astron, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA.
[Tashman, J. W.; Paik, H.; Schlom, D. G.] Cornell Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Mundy, J. A.; Muller, D. A.] Cornell Univ, Sch Appl & Engn Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Sallis, S.; Piper, L. F. J.] SUNY Binghamton, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA.
[Misra, R.] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Misra, R.] Penn State Univ, Mat Res Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Moyer, J. A.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Guo, J. -H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Woicik, J. C.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Muller, D. A.; Schlom, D. G.] Kavli Inst Cornell Nanoscale Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RP Piper, LFJ (reprint author), SUNY Binghamton, Dept Phys Appl Phys & Astron, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA.
EM lpiper@binghamton.edu
RI Sallis, Shawn/E-6258-2012; Piper, Louis/C-2960-2011; Muller,
David/A-7745-2010
OI Sallis, Shawn/0000-0002-8443-4951; Piper, Louis/0000-0002-3421-3210;
Muller, David/0000-0003-4129-0473
FU American Chemical Society; Analytical and Diagnostics Laboratory Small
Grant program at Binghamton; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886];
Faculty/Student Research Support Program at the NSLS; National Institute
of Standards and Technology; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231,
DE-SC0001086]; ONR [N00014-11-1-0665]; A.R.O; NSFNational Science
Foundation [DMR-1120296]; Energy Materials Center at Cornell (EMC2), an
Energy Frontier Research Center
FX The authors thank Peter Schiffer for transport measurements within his
laboratory. Acknowledgment is made to the Donors of the American
Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund for support (or partial
support) of this research. Additional support (L.F.J.P) was provided by
an Analytical and Diagnostics Laboratory Small Grant program at
Binghamton. The NSLS is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy,
Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No.
DE-AC02-98CH10886. L.F.J.P., N.F.Q, and S. S. acknowledge support from
the Faculty/Student Research Support Program at the NSLS. Beamline X24a
at the NSLS is supported by the National Institute of Standards and
Technology. The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director,
Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S.
Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. J.W.T., H.P.,
and D.G.S. acknowledge the financial support of ONR through award
N00014-11-1-0665. JAM. acknowledges support from the A.R.O in the form
of a NDSEG fellowship and from the NSF in the form of a GRFP fellowship.
This work was supported as part of the Energy Materials Center at
Cornell (EMC2), an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
under Grant DE-SC0001086. This work also made use of the electron
microscopy facility of the Cornell Center for Materials Research (CCMR)
supported by the National Science Foundation under Award Number
DMR-1120296.
NR 37
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 9
U2 182
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
EI 1530-6992
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 13
IS 10
BP 4857
EP 4861
DI 10.1021/nl402716d
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 243ZG
UT WOS:000326356300044
PM 24000961
ER
PT J
AU Maxwell, SM
Hazen, EL
Bograd, SJ
Halpern, BS
Breed, GA
Nickel, B
Teutschel, NM
Crowder, LB
Benson, S
Dutton, PH
Bailey, H
Kappes, MA
Kuhn, CE
Weise, MJ
Mate, B
Shaffer, SA
Hassrick, JL
Henry, RW
Irvine, L
McDonald, BI
Robinson, PW
Block, BA
Costa, DP
AF Maxwell, Sara M.
Hazen, Elliott L.
Bograd, Steven J.
Halpern, Benjamin S.
Breed, Greg A.
Nickel, Barry
Teutschel, Nicole M.
Crowder, Larry B.
Benson, Scott
Dutton, Peter H.
Bailey, Helen
Kappes, Michelle A.
Kuhn, Carey E.
Weise, Michael J.
Mate, Bruce
Shaffer, Scott A.
Hassrick, Jason L.
Henry, Robert W.
Irvine, Ladd
McDonald, Birgitte I.
Robinson, Patrick W.
Block, Barbara A.
Costa, Daniel P.
TI Cumulative human impacts on marine predators
SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID ECOSYSTEM-BASED MANAGEMENT; CLIMATE-CHANGE; OCEAN; CALIFORNIA;
CONSERVATION; FISHERIES; BIODIVERSITY; ENVIRONMENT; HOTSPOTS; ECOLOGY
AB Stressors associated with human activities interact in complex ways to affect marine ecosystems, yet we lack spatially explicit assessments of cumulative impacts on ecologically and economically key components such as marine predators. Here we develop a metric of cumulative utilization and impact (CUI) on marine predators by combining electronic tracking data of eight protected predator species (n=685 individuals) in the California Current Ecosystem with data on 24 anthropogenic stressors. We show significant variation in CUI with some of the highest impacts within US National Marine Sanctuaries. High variation in underlying species and cumulative impact distributions means that neither alone is sufficient for effective spatial management. Instead, comprehensive management approaches accounting for both cumulative human impacts and trade-offs among multiple stressors must be applied in planning the use of marine resources.
C1 [Maxwell, Sara M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ocean Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Maxwell, Sara M.] Marine Conservat Inst, Glen Ellen, CA 95442 USA.
[Maxwell, Sara M.; Crowder, Larry B.; Block, Barbara A.] Stanford Univ, Hopkins Marine Stn, Dept Biol, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
[Maxwell, Sara M.; Hazen, Elliott L.; Crowder, Larry B.; Block, Barbara A.] Stanford Univ, Ctr Ocean Solut, Monterey, CA 93940 USA.
[Hazen, Elliott L.; Bograd, Steven J.] NOAA, Div Environm Res, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
[Hazen, Elliott L.; Henry, Robert W.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Halpern, Benjamin S.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Halpern, Benjamin S.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Ascot SL5 7PY, Berks, England.
[Breed, Greg A.] Harvard Forest, Petersham, MA 01366 USA.
[Nickel, Barry] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ctr Integrated Spatial Res, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Teutschel, Nicole M.; Kappes, Michelle A.; Hassrick, Jason L.; Robinson, Patrick W.; Costa, Daniel P.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Benson, Scott] NOAA, Protected Resources Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA.
[Dutton, Peter H.] NOAA, Protected Resources Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Bailey, Helen] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Solomons, MD 20688 USA.
[Kuhn, Carey E.] NOAA, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Weise, Michael J.] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA.
[Mate, Bruce; Irvine, Ladd] Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Marine Mammal Inst, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Shaffer, Scott A.] San Jose State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, San Jose, CA 95192 USA.
[McDonald, Birgitte I.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Marine Biotechnol & Biomed, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RP Maxwell, SM (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ocean Sci, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
EM maxwells@stanford.edu
RI Bailey, Helen/E-6813-2012; Shaffer, Scott/D-5015-2009;
OI Bailey, Helen/0000-0001-7445-4687; Shaffer, Scott/0000-0002-7751-5059;
Maxwell, Sara/0000-0002-4425-9378
FU Sloan Foundation's Census of Marine Life program; Stanford University's
Hopkins Marine Station and Center for Ocean Solutions; Sloan foundation;
Packard foundation; Moore foundation; Office of Naval Research; NOAA;
E&P Sound and Marine Life JIP from OGP; Monterey Bay Aquarium
Foundation; NSF Graduate Research Fellowship Program; UCSC Chancellor's
Fellowship; Steve Blank; TWIG
FX Funding for this work was provided by the Sloan Foundation's Census of
Marine Life program and Stanford University's Hopkins Marine Station and
Center for Ocean Solutions. TOPP research was funded by the Sloan,
Packard and Moore foundations. Electronic tagging and tracking in TOPP
was also supported by the Office of Naval Research, the NOAA, the E&P
Sound and Marine Life JIP under contract from the OGP and the Monterey
Bay Aquarium Foundation. S. M. M. was supported by NSF Graduate Research
Fellowship Program, the UCSC Chancellor's Fellowship, Steve Blank and
TWIG. We are grateful to the US Fish and Wildlife Service in Hawaii for
logistical support, P. Raimondi for statistical guidance, and C.
Champagne, R. Lewison, B. Best, L. Ballance, J. Samhouri and D.
Wingfield Briscoe for manuscript assistance.
NR 59
TC 38
Z9 38
U1 7
U2 81
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2041-1723
J9 NAT COMMUN
JI Nat. Commun.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 4
AR 2688
DI 10.1038/ncomms3688
PG 9
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 245OT
UT WOS:000326473900002
PM 24162104
ER
PT J
AU Paik, DH
Roskens, VA
Perkins, TT
AF Paik, D. Hern
Roskens, Violet A.
Perkins, Thomas T.
TI Torsionally constrained DNA for single-molecule assays: an efficient,
ligation-free method
SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID DYNAMIC FORCE SPECTROSCOPY; MAGNETIC TWEEZERS; STRUCTURAL TRANSITIONS;
OPTICAL TWEEZERS; IB TOPOISOMERASES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SUPERCOILED DNA;
TORQUE; SENSITIVITY; ELASTICITY
AB Controlled twisting of individual, double-stranded DNA molecules provides a unique method to investigate the enzymes that alter DNA topology. Such twisting requires a single DNA molecule to be torsionally constrained. This constraint is achieved by anchoring the opposite ends of the DNA to two separate surfaces via multiple bonds. The traditional protocol for making such DNA involves a three-way ligation followed by gel purification, a laborious process that often leads to low yield both in the amount of DNA and the fraction of molecules that is torsionally constrained. We developed a simple ligation-free procedure for making torsionally constrained DNA via polymerase chain reaction (PCR). This PCR protocol used two 'megaprimers', 400-base-pair long double-stranded DNA that were labelled with either biotin or digoxigenin. We obtained a relatively high yield of gel-purified DNA (similar to 500 ng/100 mu l of PCR reaction). The final construct in this PCR-based method contains only one labelled strand in contrast to the traditional construct in which both strands of the DNA are labelled. Nonetheless, we achieved a high yield (84%) of torsionally constrained DNA when measured using an optical-trap-based DNA-overstretching assay. This protocol significantly simplifies the application and adoption of torsionally constrained assays to a wide range of single-molecule systems.
C1 [Paik, D. Hern; Roskens, Violet A.; Perkins, Thomas T.] NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Paik, D. Hern; Roskens, Violet A.; Perkins, Thomas T.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Perkins, Thomas T.] Univ Colorado, Dept Mol Cellular & Dev Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Perkins, TT (reprint author), NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM tperkins@jila.colorado.edu
OI Perkins, Thomas/0000-0003-4826-9490
FU National Science Foundation [PHY-1125844]; National Institute of
Standards and Technology
FX National Science Foundation [PHY-1125844]; and National Institute of
Standards and Technology. Funding for open access charge: National
Science Foundation.
NR 46
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 17
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0305-1048
EI 1362-4962
J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES
JI Nucleic Acids Res.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 41
IS 19
AR e179
DI 10.1093/nar/gkt699
PG 9
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 239SC
UT WOS:000326044700002
PM 23935118
ER
PT J
AU Ware, R
Cimini, D
Campos, E
Giuliani, G
Albers, S
Nelson, M
Koch, SE
Joe, P
Cober, S
AF Ware, R.
Cimini, D.
Campos, E.
Giuliani, G.
Albers, S.
Nelson, M.
Koch, S. E.
Joe, P.
Cober, S.
TI Thermodynamic and liquid profiling during the 2010 Winter Olympics
SO ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Microwave radiometer; Thermodynamic profiler; Liquid (water) profiles
ID WATER-VAPOR; MICROWAVE RADIOMETER; TEMPERATURE; ACCURACY
AB Tropospheric observations by a microwave profiling radiometer and six-hour radiosondes were obtained during the Alpine Venue of the 2010 Winter Olympic Games at Whistler, British Columbia, by Environment Canada. The radiometer provided continuous temperature, humidity and liquid (water) profiles during all weather conditions including rain, sleet and snow. Gridded analysis was provided by the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. We compare more than two weeks of radiometer neural network and radiosonde temperature and humidity soundings including clear and precipitating conditions. Corresponding radiometer liquid and radiosonde wind soundings are shown. Close correlation is evident between radiometer and radiosonde temperature and humidity profiles up to 10 km height and among southwest winds, liquid water and upper level thermodynamics, consistent with up-valley advection and condensation of moist maritime air. We compare brightness temperatures observed by the radiometer and forward-modeled from radiosonde and gridded analysis. Radiosonde-equivalent observation accuracy is demonstrated for radiometer neural network temperature and humidity retrievals up to 800 m height and for variational retrievals that combine radiometer and gridded analysis up to 10 km height. (C)2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ware, R.; Nelson, M.] Radiometrics, Boulder, CO 80302 USA.
[Ware, R.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Ware, R.] Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Cimini, D.] Ctr Excellence Severe Weather Forecast, Laquila, Italy.
[Cimini, D.] Inst Methodol Environm Anal, Tito, Italy.
[Campos, E.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Giuliani, G.] Abdus Salam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, Trieste, Italy.
[Albers, S.] Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Albers, S.] Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Koch, S. E.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Joe, P.; Cober, S.] Environm Canada, Meteorol Res Div, Toronto, ON, Canada.
RP Ware, R (reprint author), Radiometrics, 4909 Nautilus Court North, Boulder, CO 80302 USA.
EM ware@radiometrics.com; cimini@imaa.cnr.it; ecampos@anl.gov;
graziano.giuliani@aquila.infn.it; steve.albers@noaa.gov;
m.nelson@radiometrics.com; steven.koch@noaa.gov; paul.joe@ec.gc.ca;
stewart.cober@ec.gc.ca
RI Cimini, Domenico/M-8707-2013; Albers, Steven/E-7416-2015; Campos,
Edwin/A-5601-2008
OI Cimini, Domenico/0000-0002-5962-223X; Campos, Edwin/0000-0003-3766-7485
FU Environment Canada
FX Environment Canada conducted microwave profiler, radiosonde and
precipitation data collection and provided grant support (special thanks
to Jim Abraham) for data analysis and reporting.
NR 41
TC 19
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0169-8095
EI 1873-2895
J9 ATMOS RES
JI Atmos. Res.
PD OCT-NOV
PY 2013
VL 132
BP 278
EP 290
DI 10.1016/j.atmosres.2013.05.019
PG 13
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 241BN
UT WOS:000326141500023
ER
PT J
AU Ye, J
Wang, DB
Zeiger, DN
Miles, WC
Lin-Gibson, S
AF Ye, Jing
Wang, Dongbo
Zeiger, Diana N.
Miles, William C.
Lin-Gibson, Sheng
TI Different Kinetic Pathways of Early Stage Calcium-Phosphate Cluster
Aggregation Induced by Carboxylate-Containing Polymers
SO BIOMACROMOLECULES
LA English
DT Article
ID LIMITED COLLOID AGGREGATION; ELASTIC LIGHT-SCATTERING; DENTIN MATRIX
PROTEIN-1; COLLAGEN FIBRILS; PRENUCLEATION CLUSTERS; NUCLEATION; CHAIN;
MINERALIZATION; POLYDISPERSITY; WATER
AB Acidic proteins are critical to biomineral formation, although their precise mechanistic function remains poorly understood. A number of recent studies have suggested a nonclassical mineralization model that emphasizes the importance of the formation of polymer-stabilized mineral clusters or particles; however, it has been difficult to characterize the precursors experimentally due to their transient nature. Here, we successfully captured stepwise evolution of transient CaP clusters in mineralizing solutions and studied the roles of functional polymers with laser light scattering (LLS) to determine how these polymers influence the stability of nanoclusters. We found that the polymer structure can alter CaP aggregation mechanisms, whereas the polymer concentration strongly influences the rate of CaP aggregation. Our results indicate that the ability of acidic biomolecules to control the formation of relatively stable nanoclusters in the early stages may be critical for intrafibrillar mineralization. More importantly, LLS provided information about the size and the structural evolution of CaP aggregates, which will help define the process of controlled biomineralization.
C1 [Ye, Jing; Wang, Dongbo; Zeiger, Diana N.; Miles, William C.; Lin-Gibson, Sheng] NIST, Biomat Grp, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Lin-Gibson, S (reprint author), NIST, Biomat Grp, Mat Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM slgibson@nist.gov
FU National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR); NIST
[Y1-DE-7005-01]; NIST-National Research Council (NRC) Research Associate
Program
FX This work is supported by an Interagency Agreement between National
Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) and NIST
(Y1-DE-7005-01). D.W., W.C.M., and D.N.Z. acknowledge the NIST-National
Research Council (NRC) Research Associate Program.
NR 34
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 30
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1525-7797
EI 1526-4602
J9 BIOMACROMOLECULES
JI Biomacromolecules
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 14
IS 10
BP 3417
EP 3422
DI 10.1021/bm400660a
PG 6
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Organic; Polymer Science
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Polymer Science
GA 240UI
UT WOS:000326122800009
PM 23968258
ER
PT J
AU Rutz, JJ
Gibson, CV
AF Rutz, Jonathan J.
Gibson, Chris V.
TI Integration of a Road Surface Model into NWS Operations
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Rutz, Jonathan J.] Western Reg Headquarters, Natl Weather Serv, Salt Lake City, UT 84103 USA.
[Gibson, Chris V.] WFO Missoula, Natl Weather Serv, Missoula, MT USA.
RP Rutz, JJ (reprint author), Western Reg Headquarters, Natl Weather Serv, 125 South State St, Salt Lake City, UT 84103 USA.
EM Jonathan.Rutz@noaa.gov
NR 1
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 94
IS 10
BP 1495
EP 1500
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00037.1
PG 6
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 241DO
UT WOS:000326146800004
ER
PT J
AU Wielicki, BA
Young, DF
Mlynczak, MG
Thome, KJ
Leroy, S
Corliss, J
Anderson, JG
Ao, CO
Bantges, R
Best, F
Bowman, K
Brindley, H
Butler, JJ
Collins, W
Dykema, JA
Doelling, DR
Feldman, DR
Fox, N
Huang, XL
Holz, R
Huang, Y
Jin, Z
Jennings, D
Johnson, DG
Jucks, K
Kato, S
Kirk-Davidoff, DB
Knuteson, R
Kopp, G
Kratz, DP
Liu, X
Lukashin, C
Mannucci, AJ
Phojanamongkolkij, N
Pilewskie, P
Ramaswam, V
Revercomb, YH
Rice, J
Roberts, Y
Roithmayr, CM
Rose, F
Sandford, S
Shirley, EL
Smith, WL
Soden, SB
Speth, PW
Sun, W
Taylor, PC
Tobin, D
Xiong, X
AF Wielicki, Bruce A.
Young, D. F.
Mlynczak, M. G.
Thome, K. J.
Leroy, S.
Corliss, J.
Anderson, J. G.
Ao, C. O.
Bantges, R.
Best, F.
Bowman, K.
Brindley, H.
Butler, J. J.
Collins, W.
Dykema, J. A.
Doelling, D. R.
Feldman, D. R.
Fox, N.
Huang, Xianglei
Holz, R.
Huang, Y.
Jin, Z.
Jennings, D.
Johnson, D. G.
Jucks, K.
Kato, S.
Kirk-Davidoff, D. B.
Knuteson, R.
Kopp, G.
Kratz, D. P.
Liu, X.
Lukashin, C.
Mannucci, A. J.
Phojanamongkolkij, N.
Pilewskie, P.
Ramaswam, V.
Revercomb, Y. H.
Rice, J.
Roberts, Y.
Roithmayr, C. M.
Rose, F.
Sandford, S.
Shirley, E. L.
Smith, W. L.
Soden, Sr. B.
Speth, P. W.
Sun, W.
Taylor, P. C.
Tobin, D.
Xiong, X.
TI Achieving Climate Change Absolute Accuracy in Orbit
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID OCEAN-ATMOSPHERE MODELS; INFRARED-SPECTRA; INTER-CALIBRATION; RADIANCE
MEASUREMENTS; EARTHS ENERGY; SYSTEM; SPACE; INSTRUMENT; CLOUDS;
FEEDBACKS
AB The Climate Absolute Radiance and Refractivity Observatory (CLARREO) mission will provide a calibration laboratory in orbit for the purpose of accurately measuring and attributing climate change. CLARREO measurements establish new climate change benchmarks with high absolute radiometric accuracy and high statistical confidence across a wide range of essential climate variables. CLARREO's inherently high absolute accuracy will be verified and traceable on orbit to Systeme Internationale (SI) units. The benchmarks established by CLARREO will be critical for assessing changes in the Earth system and climate model predictive capabilities for decades into the future as society works to meet the challenge of optimizing strategies for mitigating and adapting to climate change. The CLARREO benchmarks are derived from measurements of the Earth's thermal infrared spectrum (5-50 m), the spectrum of solar radiation reflected by the Earth and its atmosphere (320-2300 nm), and radio occultation refractivity from which accurate temperature profiles are derived. The mission has the ability to provide new spectral fingerprints of climate change, as well as to provide the first orbiting radiometer with accuracy sufficient to serve as the reference transfer standard for other space sensors, in essence serving as a NIST [National Institute of Standards and Technology] in orbit. CLARREO will greatly improve the accuracy and relevance of a wide range of space-borne instruments for decadal climate change. Finally, CLARREO has developed new metrics and methods for determining the accuracy requirements of climate observations for a wide range of climate variables and uncertainty sources. These methods should be useful for improving our understanding of observing requirements for most climate change observations.
C1 [Wielicki, Bruce A.; Young, D. F.; Mlynczak, M. G.; Corliss, J.; Doelling, D. R.; Johnson, D. G.; Kato, S.; Kratz, D. P.; Liu, X.; Lukashin, C.; Phojanamongkolkij, N.; Roithmayr, C. M.; Sandford, S.; Speth, P. W.; Taylor, P. C.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
[Thome, K. J.; Butler, J. J.; Jennings, D.; Xiong, X.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Leroy, S.; Anderson, J. G.; Dykema, J. A.] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Ao, C. O.; Bowman, K.; Mannucci, A. J.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Bantges, R.; Brindley, H.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England.
[Best, F.; Holz, R.; Knuteson, R.; Revercomb, Y. H.; Smith, W. L.; Tobin, D.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI USA.
[Collins, W.; Feldman, D. R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Fox, N.] Natl Phys Lab, London, England.
[Huang, Xianglei] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Huang, Y.] McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
[Jin, Z.; Rose, F.; Sun, W.] Sci Syst Applicat, Hampton, VA USA.
[Jucks, K.] NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC USA.
[Kirk-Davidoff, D. B.] Univ Maryland, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Kopp, G.; Pilewskie, P.; Roberts, Y.] Univ Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO USA.
[Ramaswam, V.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Rice, J.; Shirley, E. L.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Soden, Sr. B.] Univ Miami, Miami, FL USA.
RP Wielicki, BA (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Mail Stop 420, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
EM b.a.wielicki@nasa.gov
RI Huang, Xianglei/G-6127-2011; Feldman, Daniel/N-8703-2013; Butler,
James/D-4188-2013; Thome, Kurtis/D-7251-2012; Collins,
William/J-3147-2014; Taylor, Patrick/D-8696-2015; Johnson,
David/F-2376-2015; Huang, Yi/E-9479-2016; Richards, Amber/K-8203-2015;
OI Huang, Xianglei/0000-0002-7129-614X; Feldman,
Daniel/0000-0003-3365-5233; Collins, William/0000-0002-4463-9848;
Taylor, Patrick/0000-0002-8098-8447; Johnson, David/0000-0003-4399-5653;
Huang, Yi/0000-0002-5065-4198; Brindley, Helen/0000-0002-7859-9207;
Rose, Fred G/0000-0003-0769-0772
FU Jet Propulsion Laboratory; California Institute of Technology; National
Aeronautics and Space Administration
FX We thank several reviewers for providing comments that significantly
improved the clarity and presentation of the paper. Part of this
research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California
Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics
and Space Administration.
NR 64
TC 67
Z9 69
U1 5
U2 43
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 94
IS 10
BP 1519
EP 1539
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00149.1
PG 21
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 241DO
UT WOS:000326146800007
ER
PT J
AU Hamill, TM
Bates, GT
Whitaker, JS
Murray, DR
Fiorino, M
Galarneau, TJ
Zhu, YJ
Lapenta, W
AF Hamill, Thomas M.
Bates, Gary T.
Whitaker, Jeffrey S.
Murray, Donald R.
Fiorino, Michael
Galarneau, Thomas J., Jr.
Zhu, Yuejian
Lapenta, William
TI NOAA'S SECOND-GENERATION GLOBAL MEDIUM-RANGE ENSEMBLE REFORECAST DATASET
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTITATIVE PRECIPITATION FORECASTS; AMERICAN REGIONAL REANALYSIS; DATA
ASSIMILATION SYSTEM; MODEL; PREDICTION; PARAMETERIZATION; CLOUDS; INDEX;
SKILL; ECMWF
AB A multidecadal ensemble reforecast database is now available that is approximately consistent with the operational 0000 UTC cycle of the 2012 NOAA Global Ensemble Forecast System (GEFS). The reforecast dataset consists of an 11-member ensemble run once each day from 0000 UTC initial conditions. Reforecasts are run to +16 days. As with the operational 2012 GEFS, the reforecast is run at T254L42 resolution (approximately 1/2 degrees grid spacing, 42 levels) for week +1 forecasts and T190L42 (approximately 3/4 degrees grid spacing) for the week +2 forecasts. Reforecasts were initialized with Climate Forecast System Reanalysis initial conditions, and perturbations were generated using the ensemble transform with rescaling technique. Reforecast data are available from 1985 to present. Reforecast datasets were previously demonstrated to be very valuable for detecting and correcting systematic errors in forecasts, especially forecasts of relatively rare events and longer-lead forecasts. What is novel about this reforecast dataset relative to the first-generation NOAA reforecast is that (i) a modern, currently operational version of the forecast model is used (the previous reforecast used a model version from 1998); (ii) a much larger set of output data has been saved, including variables relevant for precipitation, hydrologic, wind energy, solar energy, severe weather, and tropical cyclone forecasting; and (iii) the archived data are at much higher resolution. The article describes more about the reforecast configuration and provides a few examples of how this second-generation reforecast data may be used for research and a variety of weather forecast applications.
C1 [Hamill, Thomas M.; Whitaker, Jeffrey S.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Bates, Gary T.; Murray, Donald R.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Fiorino, Michael] NOAA, Global Syst Div, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Galarneau, Thomas J., Jr.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Zhu, Yuejian; Lapenta, William] NOAA, Environm Modeling Ctr, Natl Ctr Environm Predict, College Pk, MD USA.
RP Hamill, TM (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, R PSD 1,325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM tom.hamill@noaa.gov
RI Fiorino, Michael/N-4150-2014
OI Fiorino, Michael/0000-0002-2819-8157
FU NOAA THORPEX
FX The U.S. Department of Energy provided the high-performance computing to
produce this dataset under its Advanced Scientific Computing Research
(ASCR) Leadership Computing Challenge (ALCC). We are grateful to the DOE
and its very professional support staff for their help. The mass storage
array within ESRL was partially supported by NOAA THORPEX funds
distributed by NOAA's Office of Weather and Air Quality (OWAQ). We had
tremendous help from the IT staff in the Physical Sciences Division at
ESRL; in particular Nick Wilde, Alex McColl, Barry McInnes, Chris
Kreutzer, and Eric Estes were all helpful in configuring the storage
array and helping us get to voluminous reforecast data to and from it.
The AHW reforecast ensemble was generated using the Bluefire
supercomputer at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR).
Tony Eckel and one anonymous reviewer are thanked for their careful
evaluations of this manuscript.
NR 31
TC 73
Z9 74
U1 2
U2 7
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 94
IS 10
BP 1553
EP 1565
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00014.1
PG 13
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 241DO
UT WOS:000326146800009
ER
PT J
AU Lofgren, BM
Gronewold, AD
AF Lofgren, Brent M.
Gronewold, Andrew D.
TI RECONCILING ALTERNATIVE APPROACHES TO PROJECTING HYDROLOGIC IMPACTS OF
CLIMATE CHANGE
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID TEMPERATURE
C1 [Lofgren, Brent M.; Gronewold, Andrew D.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
RP Lofgren, BM (reprint author), NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, 4840 South State Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
EM brent.lofgren@noaa.gov
OI Gronewold, Andrew/0000-0002-3576-2529; Lofgren,
Brent/0000-0003-2189-0914
FU GLERL; GLISA; CILER
FX Thanks to Mantha Phanikumar for doing an initial review of this summary.
The coconvenors had assistance in planning and executing the workshop
from Anthony Acciaioli of the Cooperative Institute for Limnology and
Ecosystems Research (CILER) of the University of Michigan; David Bidwell
of Great Lakes Integrated Sciences and Assessments (GLISA), a joint
project of the University of Michigan and Michigan State University; and
Allison Steiner of the Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Space
Sciences of the University of Michigan. Administrative and logistical
assistance were provided by Dennis Donahue, D. J. Henman, Margaret
Lansing, Cathy Darnell, Mike Ryan, and Mary Baumgartner, all of the
Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory (GLERL). Financial support
was provided by GLERL, GLISA, and CILER.
NR 7
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 94
IS 10
BP ES133
EP ES135
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00037.1
PG 3
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 241DO
UT WOS:000326146800001
ER
PT J
AU Badin, G
AF Badin, G.
TI Surface semi-geostrophic dynamics in the ocean
SO GEOPHYSICAL AND ASTROPHYSICAL FLUID DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Upper ocean and mixed layer processes; Fronts and jets
ID ATMOSPHERIC ENERGY-SPECTRUM; UNIFORM POTENTIAL VORTICITY; 2-DIMENSIONAL
TURBULENCE; BAROCLINIC MODES; FRONTOGENESIS; INSTABILITY; FRONTS;
TEMPERATURE; DESTRUCTION; TROPOPAUSE
AB The surface quasi-geostrophic approximation is re-written in an oceanic context using the two-dimensional semi-geostrophic approximation. The new formulation allows to take into account the presence of out-of-balance flow features at scales comparable to or smaller than the Rossby radius of deformation and for small bulk Richardson numbers. Analytical solutions show that, while the surface quasi-geostrophic approximation tends to underestimate the buoyancy anomaly, the inclusion of finite Rossby number allows for larger values of the buoyancy anomaly at depth. The projection of the surface semi-geostrophic solution on the first baroclinic modes is calculated. The result of the projection is a functional form that decreases with the values of the Rossby number and toward smaller scales. Solutions for constant and exponential profile for the background potential vorticity are compared. Results of the comparison show that, in agreement with the results found for balanced flows, even for large Rossby number the exponential profile for the background potential vorticity retains smaller values for the buoyancy anomaly at depth than the solution found using a constant potential vorticity profile.
C1 [Badin, G.] Univ Hamburg, Inst Meereskunde, Hamburg, Germany.
[Badin, G.] Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Badin, G (reprint author), Univ Hamburg, Inst Meereskunde, Hamburg, Germany.
EM gualtiero.badin@zmaw.de
RI Badin, Gualtiero/H-2193-2011
OI Badin, Gualtiero/0000-0002-0470-1192
FU NASA [NNX10AE93G]; ONR [N00014-09-1-0179]; DOE [DE-SC0005189]; NSF
[AGS-1144302]
FX I would like to thank A. Mahadevan and A. Tandon for invaluable
discussions, F. Crisciani for reading an early draft of this manuscript
and two anonymous referees for constructive comments. The Tricomi
problem was pointed out to me by A. Mahadevan and L. Mahadevan. This
study was partially funded by the following grants: NASA Grant
NNX10AE93G, ONR Grant N00014-09-1-0179, DOE Grant DE-SC0005189 and NSF
Grant AGS-1144302.
NR 39
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 10
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0309-1929
EI 1029-0419
J9 GEOPHYS ASTRO FLUID
JI Geophys. Astrophys. Fluid Dyn.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 107
IS 5
BP 526
EP 540
DI 10.1080/03091929.2012.740479
PG 15
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mechanics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mechanics
GA 243HS
UT WOS:000326308100004
ER
PT J
AU Xu, Q
Nai, K
AF Xu, Qin
Nai, Kang
TI A two-step variational method for analyzing severely aliased radar
velocity observations with small Nyquist velocities
SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE variational analysis; aliased radar velocity; small Nyquist velocity
ID ERROR COVARIANCE FUNCTIONS; MIGRATING BIRDS
AB By formulating the effect of radar velocity aliasing and the resulting zigzag discontinuities into the cost function for the velocity azimuth display (VAD) analysis, the previously developed alias-robust VAD analysis, called AR-VAD, can estimate the horizontal mean wind by directly fitting the VAD uniform-wind model to raw aliased radial-velocity observations. In this article, the AR-VAD analysis is further developed into a two-step alias-robust variational analysis, called AR-Var, to estimate the radial-velocity field beyond the VAD uniform-wind model from raw aliased radial-velocity observations on each range circle. In the first step, the original AR-VAD analysis is modified to fit the raw aliased radial-velocity observations around each of the two zero radial-velocity points on the selected range circle. The two analyzed radial-velocity fields are then combined into a single radial-velocity field not rigidly constrained by the VAD uniform-wind assumption. This combined radial-velocity field represents an improved fit to the observations over the entire range circle and thus can be used as the first-guess background to refine and perform the AR-Var analysis in the second step. The two-step AR-Var analysis can provide a reliable reference radial-velocity field for the reference check in radar velocity de-aliasing even when the Nyquist velocity is reduced below 12 m s(-1), and this is illustrated by both idealized and real examples.
C1 [Xu, Qin] NOAA Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK USA.
[Nai, Kang] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
RP Xu, Q (reprint author), Natl Severe Storms Lab, 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM Qin.Xu@noaa.gov
FU ONR [N000141010778]; NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research
under NOAA-University of Oklahoma, US Department of Commerce
[NA17RJ1227]
FX The authors are thankful to the anonymous reviewers for their comments
and suggestions that improved the presentation of the article. The
research work was supported by the ONR Grant N000141010778 to the
University of Oklahoma. Funding was also provided by NOAA/Office of
Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University of Oklahoma
Cooperative Agreement #NA17RJ1227, US Department of Commerce.
NR 16
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0035-9009
EI 1477-870X
J9 Q J ROY METEOR SOC
JI Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 139
IS 676
BP 1904
EP 1911
DI 10.1002/qj.2075
PN A
PG 8
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 242LW
UT WOS:000326244400015
ER
PT J
AU Meskhidze, N
Petters, MD
Tsigaridis, K
Bates, T
O'Dowd, C
Reid, J
Lewis, ER
Gantt, B
Anguelova, MD
Bhave, PV
Bird, J
Callaghan, AH
Ceburnis, D
Chang, R
Clarke, A
de Leeuw, G
Deane, G
DeMott, PJ
Elliot, S
Facchini, MC
Fairall, CW
Hawkins, L
Hu, YX
Hudson, JG
Johnson, MS
Kaku, KC
Keene, WC
Kieber, DJ
Long, MS
Martensson, M
Modini, RL
Osburn, CL
Prather, KA
Pszenny, A
Rinaldi, M
Russell, LM
Salter, M
Sayer, AM
Smirnov, A
Suda, SR
Toth, TD
Worsnop, DR
Wozniak, A
Zorn, SR
AF Meskhidze, Nicholas
Petters, Markus D.
Tsigaridis, Kostas
Bates, Tim
O'Dowd, Colin
Reid, Jeff
Lewis, Ernie R.
Gantt, Brett
Anguelova, Magdalena D.
Bhave, Prakash V.
Bird, James
Callaghan, Adrian H.
Ceburnis, Darius
Chang, Rachel
Clarke, Antony
de Leeuw, Gerrit
Deane, Grant
DeMott, Paul J.
Elliot, Scott
Facchini, Maria Cristina
Fairall, Chris W.
Hawkins, Lelia
Hu, Yongxiang
Hudson, James G.
Johnson, Matthew S.
Kaku, Kathleen C.
Keene, William C.
Kieber, David J.
Long, Michael S.
Martensson, Monica
Modini, Rob L.
Osburn, Chris L.
Prather, Kimberly A.
Pszenny, Alex
Rinaldi, Matteo
Russell, Lynn M.
Salter, Matthew
Sayer, Andrew M.
Smirnov, Alexander
Suda, Sarah R.
Toth, Travis D.
Worsnop, Douglas R.
Wozniak, Andrew
Zorn, Soeren R.
TI Production mechanisms, number concentration, size distribution, chemical
composition, and optical properties of sea spray aerosols
SO ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE sea spray aerosol; source function; chemical composition; number
concentration; optical properties
C1 [Meskhidze, Nicholas; Petters, Markus D.; Gantt, Brett; Johnson, Matthew S.; Osburn, Chris L.; Suda, Sarah R.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Tsigaridis, Kostas] Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA.
[Tsigaridis, Kostas] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA.
[Bates, Tim] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[O'Dowd, Colin; Callaghan, Adrian H.; Ceburnis, Darius] Natl Univ Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
[Reid, Jeff; Anguelova, Magdalena D.; Kaku, Kathleen C.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA.
[Lewis, Ernie R.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Bhave, Prakash V.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
[Bird, James] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Callaghan, Adrian H.; Modini, Rob L.] Scripps Inst Oceanog, San Diego, CA USA.
[Chang, Rachel; Long, Michael S.] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Clarke, Antony] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[de Leeuw, Gerrit] Finnish Meteorol Inst, FIN-00101 Helsinki, Finland.
[de Leeuw, Gerrit] Univ Helsinki, Deptartment Phys, Helsinki, Finland.
[Deane, Grant; Prather, Kimberly A.; Russell, Lynn M.] Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
[DeMott, Paul J.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Elliot, Scott] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Facchini, Maria Cristina; Rinaldi, Matteo] CNR, Inst Atmospher Sci & Climate, Bologna, Italy.
[Fairall, Chris W.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Hawkins, Lelia] Harvey Mudd Coll, Claremont, CA 91711 USA.
[Hu, Yongxiang] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA.
[Hudson, James G.] Univ Nevada, Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV 89506 USA.
[Johnson, Matthew S.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Keene, William C.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA.
[Kieber, David J.] SUNY, New York, NY USA.
[Martensson, Monica] Uppsala Univ, Uppsala, Sweden.
[Pszenny, Alex] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Salter, Matthew] Stockholm Univ, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Sayer, Andrew M.; Smirnov, Alexander] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Sayer, Andrew M.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD USA.
[Toth, Travis D.] Univ N Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA.
[Worsnop, Douglas R.] Aerodyne Res Inc, Billerica, MA USA.
[Wozniak, Andrew] Old Dominion Univ, Norfolk, VA USA.
RP Meskhidze, N (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM nmeskhidze@ncsu.edu
RI O'Dowd , Colin/K-8904-2012; Hu, Yongxiang/K-4426-2012; Petters,
Sarah/N-8450-2014; rinaldi, matteo/K-6083-2012; CHEMATMO Group,
Isac/P-7180-2014; Gantt, Brett/G-2525-2013; Sayer, Andrew/H-2314-2012;
Worsnop, Douglas/D-2817-2009; Modini, Rob/A-8451-2014; Facchini, Maria
Cristina/B-3369-2014; Reid, Jeffrey/B-7633-2014; Petters,
Markus/D-2144-2009; DeMott, Paul/C-4389-2011; FACCHINI, MARIA
CRISTINA/O-1230-2015; Bates, Timothy/L-6080-2016; Prather,
Kimberly/A-3892-2008; Smirnov, Alexander/C-2121-2009;
OI O'Dowd , Colin/0000-0002-3068-2212; Petters, Sarah/0000-0002-4501-7127;
rinaldi, matteo/0000-0001-6543-4000; Gantt, Brett/0000-0001-7217-2715;
Sayer, Andrew/0000-0001-9149-1789; Worsnop, Douglas/0000-0002-8928-8017;
Facchini, Maria Cristina/0000-0003-4833-9305; Reid,
Jeffrey/0000-0002-5147-7955; Petters, Markus/0000-0002-4082-1693;
DeMott, Paul/0000-0002-3719-1889; FACCHINI, MARIA
CRISTINA/0000-0003-4833-9305; Prather, Kimberly/0000-0003-3048-9890;
Smirnov, Alexander/0000-0002-8208-1304; Salter,
Matthew/0000-0003-0645-3265; Ceburnis, Darius/0000-0003-0231-5324
FU National Science Foundation - NSF [AGS-1236957]; Department of Energy
office of Biological and Environmental Research [DOE-DE-SC0007995];
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration - NOAA [Z763701];
National Aeronautics and Space Administration - NASA [NNX12AK27G];
Marine Meteorology and Atmospheric Effects Program at the Department of
Defense Office of Naval Research (DOD-ONR); NSF [CHE-1038028]; Irish
Research Council; Marie Curie actions under FP7; National Science
Foundation Physical Oceanography Division [OCE-1155123]
FX Funding for this workshop was provided by the National Science
Foundation - NSF (AGS-1236957), the Department of Energy office of
Biological and Environmental Research (DOE-DE-SC0007995), the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration - NOAA (Z763701), the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration - NASA (NNX12AK27G), and the Marine
Meteorology and Atmospheric Effects Program at the Department of Defense
Office of Naval Research (DOD-ONR). D. Ceburnis acknowledges EPA Ireland
fellowship grant for travel support. K. Prather and G. Deane were
supported by NSF (CHE-1038028) grant. A. H. Callaghan would like to
acknowledge financial support from the Irish Research Council and Marie
Curie actions under FP7 and the National Science Foundation Physical
Oceanography Division (Grant OCE-1155123).
NR 5
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 4
U2 106
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1530-261X
J9 ATMOS SCI LETT
JI Atmos. Sci. Lett.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 14
IS 4
BP 207
EP 213
DI 10.1002/asl2.441
PG 7
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 239NV
UT WOS:000326033400002
ER
PT J
AU Lewis, R
Wang, YD
Schneider, H
Lee, YC
Radebaugh, R
AF Lewis, Ryan
Wang, Yunda
Schneider, Hayley
Lee, Y. C.
Radebaugh, Ray
TI Study of mixed refrigerant undergoing pulsating flow in micro coolers
with pre-cooling
SO CRYOGENICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Mixed refrigerant; Micro cooler; Two-phase flow; Pulsating flow
AB Micro cryogenic coolers can provide low temperatures with a smaller volumetric footprint and smaller power draw than their conventional-scale counterparts. However, they can exhibit lower-than-desired cooling power. We measure the specific cooling power of a refrigerant expanding from a high pressure of 0.6 MPa to a low pressure of 0.1 MPa, while undergoing pulsating flow in a micro cryogenic cooler with pre-cooling. We further observe that the pulses in the flow-rate occur due to a volume of liquid forming in the high-pressure coupling mini-channel. The composition of the flowing refrigerant is analyzed with gas chromatography and thermal conductivity detection (GC/TCD), showing that there is no overall composition change in the refrigerant after it enters the pre-cooling lines. A model of the cooling power under such a pulsating flow regime is developed with good agreement to measured values. An improved refrigerant mixture is designed with this model, and subsequently tested, showing increased specific cooling power. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lewis, Ryan; Wang, Yunda; Schneider, Hayley; Lee, Y. C.] Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Radebaugh, Ray] NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Lewis, R (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM rjlewis@colorado.edu
NR 21
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0011-2275
EI 1879-2235
J9 CRYOGENICS
JI Cryogenics
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 57
BP 140
EP 149
DI 10.1016/j.cryogenics.2013.07.001
PG 10
WC Thermodynamics; Physics, Applied
SC Thermodynamics; Physics
GA 238NN
UT WOS:000325954800019
ER
PT J
AU Hammerschlag, N
Gallagher, AJ
Carlson, JK
AF Hammerschlag, Neil
Gallagher, Austin J.
Carlson, John K.
TI A revised estimate of daily ration in the tiger shark with implication
for assessing ecosystem impacts of apex predators
SO FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID GALEOCERDO-CUVIER; FEEDING-HABITS; DIET; ATLANTIC; GROWTH; SHIFTS; MASS;
AGE
C1 [Hammerschlag, Neil] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Hammerschlag, Neil; Gallagher, Austin J.] Univ Miami, Leonard & Jayne Abess Ctr Ecosyst Sci & Policy, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA.
[Hammerschlag, Neil; Gallagher, Austin J.] Univ Miami, RJ Dunlap Marine Conservat Program, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Carlson, John K.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Panama City, FL 32408 USA.
RP Hammerschlag, N (reprint author), Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM nhammerschlag@rsmas.miami.edu
NR 22
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 50
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0269-8463
EI 1365-2435
J9 FUNCT ECOL
JI Funct. Ecol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 27
IS 5
BP 1273
EP 1274
DI 10.1111/1365-2435.12157
PG 2
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 230TS
UT WOS:000325366500019
ER
PT J
AU Ellisor, D
McLellan, W
Koopman, H
Schwacke, L
McFee, W
Kucklick, J
AF Ellisor, Debra
McLellan, William
Koopman, Heather
Schwacke, Lori
McFee, Wayne
Kucklick, John
TI The distribution and stratification of persistent organic pollutants and
fatty acids in bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) blubber
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Persistent organic pollutants; Fatty acids; Bottlenose dolphin; Blubber;
Biopsy sampling; Strandings
ID PORPOISE PHOCOENA-PHOCOENA; SAMPLING PROCEDURES; LIFE-HISTORY; SARASOTA
BAY; WHALES; ORGANOCHLORINES; CONTAMINANTS; VERTEBRATES; PATTERNS;
FLORIDA
AB Blubber has been used for decades to monitor exposure of marine mammals to persistent organic pollutants (POPs). However, little is known about POP variability as a function of blubber depth and across the body of the animal. Remote blubber biopsy sampling (e.g, projectile biopsy) is the most common technique used to acquire samples from free-swimming animals, yet such techniques may result in variable sampling. It is important to understand whether blubber stratification or body location affects POP concentration or the concentration of other important blubber constituents such as fatty acids (FA). To investigate the influence of sampling depth and location on POP concentration, full depth blubber samples were taken from one stranded bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) at six different body sites to assess variation in FA distribution and contaminant storage with body location. Three of the samples from different body locations were separated into histologically distinct layers to examine the effect of blubber depth and body location on POPs and FAs. In this individual, both POPs and FAs were heterogeneous with blubber depth and body location. POP concentrations were significantly greater in ventral (average Sigma PBDEs 1350 ng/g lipid) and anterior (average Sigma PCBs 28700 ng/g lipid) body locations and greater in the superficial blubber layer (average Sigma PCBs 35500 ng/g lipid) when compared to the deep (8390 ng/g lipid) and middle (23,700 ng/g lipid) layers. Proportionally more dietary FAs were found in dorsal blubber and in middle and deep layers relative to other locations while the reverse was true for biosynthesized FAs. Stratification was further examined in blubber from the same body location in five additional stranded bottlenose dolphins. Although FAs were stratified with blubber depth, lipid-normalized POPs were not significantly different with depth, indicating that POP concentrations can vary in an individual with blubber depth though the direction of POP stratification is not consistent among individuals. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Ellisor, Debra; Kucklick, John] NIST, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Ellisor, Debra] Coll Charleston, Grad Program Marine Biol, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[McLellan, William; Koopman, Heather] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol & Marine Biol, Wilmington, NC 28403 USA.
[Schwacke, Lori] NOAA, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[McFee, Wayne] NOAA, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
RP Kucklick, J (reprint author), NIST, Hollings Marine Lab, 331 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
EM John.Kucklick@noaa.gov
NR 35
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 33
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 463
BP 581
EP 588
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.06.017
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 236WW
UT WOS:000325831200066
PM 23835068
ER
PT J
AU Phillips, RB
Faber-Hammond, J
Luckenbach, JA
AF Phillips, Ruth B.
Faber-Hammond, Joshua
Luckenbach, John Adam
TI The sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria) karyotype including the location of
5S and 18S rDNA and information on cell culture conditions
SO AQUACULTURE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE sablefish Anoplopoma fimbria; karyotype; ribosomal RNA genes
ID FISH; DUPLICATION
C1 [Phillips, Ruth B.; Faber-Hammond, Joshua] Washington State Univ Vancouver, Dept Biol Sci, Vancouver, WA 98686 USA.
[Phillips, Ruth B.; Luckenbach, John Adam] Washington State Univ, Ctr Reprod Biol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Luckenbach, John Adam] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Phillips, RB (reprint author), Washington State Univ Vancouver, Dept Biol Sci, Vancouver, WA 98686 USA.
EM phillipsr@vancouver.wsu.edu
FU NOAA Fisheries (Northwest Sciences Fisheries Center, Seattle, WA)
FX The authors acknowledge Dr William T. Fairgrieve for fish care and
sampling assistance at Manchester, Washington. Funding for this project
was provided by NOAA Fisheries (Northwest Sciences Fisheries Center,
Seattle, WA).
NR 11
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1355-557X
EI 1365-2109
J9 AQUAC RES
JI Aquac. Res.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 44
IS 11
BP 1801
EP 1804
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2109.2012.03177.x
PG 4
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 233CV
UT WOS:000325543900016
ER
PT J
AU Miehls, ALJ
McAdam, AG
Bourdeau, PE
Peacor, SD
AF Miehls, Andrea L. J.
McAdam, Andrew G.
Bourdeau, Paul E.
Peacor, Scott D.
TI Plastic response to a proxy cue of predation risk when direct cues are
unreliable
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Bythotrephes longimanus; gape-limited predation; inducible defense;
invasive species; maternal effects; phenotypic plasticity; proxy cue;
temperature
ID AGE-0 YELLOW PERCH; INDUCED PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; DEPENDENT SEX
DETERMINATION; SOUTHWESTERN LAKE-MICHIGAN; LIFE-HISTORY SHIFTS;
BYTHOTREPHES-LONGIMANUS; DAPHNIA-LUMHOLTZI; ADAPTIVE SIGNIFICANCE;
SELECTIVE PREDATION; INDUCIBLE DEFENSES
AB Responses to proximate cues that directly affect fitness or cues directly released by selective agents are well-documented forms of phenotypic plasticity. For example, to reduce predation risk, prey change phenotype in response to light level (e.g., moon phase) when light affects predation risk from visual predators, and to chemical cues (kairomones) released by predators. Less well understood is the potential for organisms to perceive predation risk through proxy cues: proximate cues that correlate with, but do not directly affect predation risk. Previous field studies indicate that body and spine length of an invasive cladoceran in Lake Michigan, Bythotrephes longimanus (the spiny water flea), increase during the growing season, coincident with a decrease in clutch size. Although the cause of seasonal trait changes is not known, changes are associated with warmer water temperature and increased predation risk from gape-limited fish (i.e., fish whose ability to consume Bythotrephes is limited by mouth size). Using a laboratory experiment, we found no effect of fish (Perca flavescens) kairomones on Bythotrephes morphology or life history. In contrast, higher water temperature led to longer absolute spine and body length, increased investment in morphological defense of offspring (measured as the ratio of spine-to-body length), and decreased clutch size and age at reproduction. These plastic responses are unlikely to be adaptive to temperature per se, but rather our findings indicate that temperature serves as a proxy cue of fish predation risk. Temperature correlates with risk of gape-limited fish predation due to growth of fish from larval stages incapable of consuming Bythotrephes early in the season, to larger sizes by midseason increasingly capable of consuming Bythotrephes, but limited by gape size to consuming smaller individuals. We argue that for Bythotrephes, temperature is a more reliable cue of predation risk than fish kairomones, because fish kairomones are present throughout the season due to continual presence of non-gape-limited adult fish, to which plastic response would have little effect. Organisms may, therefore, not only respond to changes in an environmental factor because the factor directly affects risk, but also when the environmental factor serves as a proxy signaling change in predation risk.
C1 [Miehls, Andrea L. J.; Bourdeau, Paul E.; Peacor, Scott D.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Miehls, Andrea L. J.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[McAdam, Andrew G.] Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
RP Miehls, ALJ (reprint author), USGS Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, 11188 Ray Rd, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA.
EM amiehls@glfc.org
RI McAdam, Andrew/G-1802-2010
OI McAdam, Andrew/0000-0001-7323-2572
FU Great Lakes Fishery Commission; National Science Foundation
[DEB-0089809]; EPA [FP91698801-0]; Michigan Agricultural Experiment
Station
FX We thank two anonymous reviewers for thorough and helpful comments.
Dennis Donahue and Andrew Yagiela provided support with research vessels
and field work. Steven Pothoven and Doran Mason provided direction and
consultation on Lake Michigan ecology as well as assistance with
research facilities. Brittany Damschroder, Lydia Kramer, Monica Lucas,
Ian McCririe, Scott Miehls, Veronica Quesnell, Emily Reed, Alexandra
Sookhai, Ben Staton, Marie Stevenson, and Brandon Vieder helped to
collect data. Jason Fischer, Natalie Kim, Kevin Pangle, Kim Schulz, and
Peder Yurista provided valuable help with Bythotrephes culturing
protocols. Scott Miehls and Andria Salas provided additional
methodological assistance. We thank Carla Caceres and Doug Schemske for
rigorous discussions of results of this study, and Christian Laforsch
and Quirin Herzog for additional experimental investigation into our
findings. This work was supported by the Great Lakes Fishery Commission,
the National Science Foundation (DEB-0089809), and an EPA Science to5
Achieve Results fellowship (Agreement No. FP91698801-0). This work has
not been formally reviewed by the EPA and the views expressed in this
document are solely those of the authors. S. D. Peacor acknowledges
support from the Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station. This is
contribution number 1666 of the NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research
Laboratory.
NR 58
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 8
U2 69
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0012-9658
EI 1939-9170
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 94
IS 10
BP 2237
EP 2248
DI 10.1890/12-2250.1
PG 12
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 235CN
UT WOS:000325692900016
PM 24358710
ER
PT J
AU Bonin, CA
Goebel, ME
Forcada, J
Burton, RS
Hoffman, JI
AF Bonin, Carolina A.
Goebel, Michael E.
Forcada, Jaume
Burton, Ronald S.
Hoffman, Joseph I.
TI Unexpected genetic differentiation between recently recolonized
populations of a long-lived and highly vagile marine mammal
SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Colonization; gene flow; genetic differentiation; genetic diversity;
pinniped
ID ANTARCTIC FUR SEALS; ARCTOCEPHALUS-GAZELLA; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; SITE
FIDELITY; SOUTH SHETLAND; DNA; INFERENCE; ISLAND; LOCI; CONSEQUENCES
AB Many species have been heavily exploited by man leading to local extirpations, yet few studies have attempted to unravel subsequent recolonization histories. This has led to a significant gap in our knowledge of the long-term effects of exploitation on the amount and structure of contemporary genetic variation, with important implications for conservation. The Antarctic fur seal provides an interesting case in point, having been virtually exterminated in the nineteenth century but subsequently staged a dramatic recovery to recolonize much of its original range. Consequently, we evaluated the hypothesis that South Georgia (SG), where a few million seals currently breed, was the main source of immigrants to other locations including Livingston Island (LI), by genotyping 366 individuals from these two populations at 17 microsatellite loci and sequencing a 263bp fragment of the mitochondrial hypervariable region 1. Contrary to expectations, we found highly significant genetic differences at both types of marker, with 51% of LI individuals carrying haplotypes that were not observed in 246 animals from SG. Moreover, the youngest of three sequentially founded colonies at LI showed greater similarity to SG at mitochondrial DNA than microsatellites, implying temporal and sex-specific variation in recolonization. Our findings emphasize the importance of relict populations and provide insights into the mechanisms by which severely depleted populations can recover while maintaining surprisingly high levels of genetic diversity.
C1 [Bonin, Carolina A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Marine Biodivers & Conservat, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Goebel, Michael E.] NOAA, Antarctic Ecosyst Res Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Forcada, Jaume] British Antarctic Survey, Nat Environm Res Council, Cambridge CB 0ET, England.
[Burton, Ronald S.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Div Marine Biol Res, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Hoffman, Joseph I.] Univ Bielefeld, Dept Anim Behav, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany.
RP Hoffman, JI (reprint author), Univ Bielefeld, Dept Anim Behav, Postfach 100131, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany.
EM joseph.hoffman@uni-bielefeld.de
RI hoffman, joseph/K-7725-2012; Burton, Ron/F-7694-2010
OI hoffman, joseph/0000-0001-5895-8949;
FU National Science Foundation Integrative Graduate Education and Research
Traineeship Program [0903551]; Center for Marine Biodiversity and
Conservation, Scripps Institution of Oceanography; Marie Curie Career
Integration Grant [PCIG-GA-2011-303618]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
(DFG); Bielefeld University
FX This work was supported by National Science Foundation Integrative
Graduate Education and Research Traineeship Program (Grant # 0903551), a
research grant from the Center for Marine Biodiversity and Conservation,
Scripps Institution of Oceanography, and a Marie Curie Career
Integration Grant (PCIG-GA-2011-303618). Support for the publication fee
was provided by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) and the Open
Access Publication Funds of Bielefeld University.
NR 64
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 44
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2045-7758
J9 ECOL EVOL
JI Ecol. Evol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 3
IS 11
BP 3701
EP 3712
DI 10.1002/ece3.732
PG 12
WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA 232IF
UT WOS:000325486000006
PM 24198934
ER
PT J
AU Cygan, A
Wojtewicz, S
Domyslawska, J
Maslowski, P
Bielska, K
Piwinski, M
Stec, K
Trawinski, RS
Ozimek, F
Radzewicz, C
Abe, H
Ido, T
Hodges, JT
Lisak, D
Ciurylo, R
AF Cygan, A.
Wojtewicz, S.
Domyslawska, J.
Maslowski, P.
Bielska, K.
Piwinski, M.
Stec, K.
Trawinski, R. S.
Ozimek, F.
Radzewicz, C.
Abe, H.
Ido, T.
Hodges, J. T.
Lisak, D.
Ciurylo, R.
TI Spectral line-shapes investigation with Pound-Drever-Hall-locked
frequency-stabilized cavity ring-down spectroscopy
SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-SPECIAL TOPICS
LA English
DT Review
ID ENHANCED ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; DEPENDENT VOIGT PROFILES; AR-BROADENED
HF; FABRY-PEROT-INTERFEROMETER; SPEED-CHANGING COLLISIONS; DIODE-LASER
SPECTROSCOPY; HIGH-RESOLUTION; COMB SPECTROSCOPY; FUNDAMENTAL-BAND;
MULTIPLET SPECTRA
AB A review of recent experiments involving a newly developed Pound-Drever-Hall-locked frequency-stabilized cavity ring-down spectroscopy (PDH-locked FS-CRDS) system is presented. By comparison to standard FS-CRDS, the PDH lock of the probe laser to the ring-down cavity optimized coupling into the cavity, thus increasing the ring-down signal acquisition rate nearly 300-fold to 14 kHz and reducing the noise-equivalent absorption coefficient by more than an order of magnitude to 7 x 10(-11) cm(-1). We discuss how averaging approximately 1000 spectra yielded a signal-to-noise ratio of 220000. We also discuss how the spectrum frequency axis was linked to an optical frequency comb, thus enabling absolute frequency measurements of molecular optical transitions at sub-MHz levels. Applications of the spectrometer to molecular line-shape studies are also presented. For these investigations, we use semi-classical line-shape models that consider the influence of Dicke narrowing as well as the speed dependence of the pressure broadening and shifting to fit spectra. We show that the improved precision and spectrum fidelity of the spectrometer enable precise determinations of line-shape parameters. We also discuss the importance of line-shape analysis with regard to the development of new spectroscopic databases as well as in the optical determination of the Boltzmann constant.
C1 [Cygan, A.; Wojtewicz, S.; Domyslawska, J.; Maslowski, P.; Bielska, K.; Piwinski, M.; Stec, K.; Trawinski, R. S.; Lisak, D.; Ciurylo, R.] Nicolaus Copernicus Univ, Inst Phys, Fac Phys Astron & Informat, PL-87100 Torun, Poland.
[Hodges, J. T.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Ozimek, F.; Radzewicz, C.] Uniwersytet Warszawski, Wydzial Fizyki, Inst Fizyki Doswiadczalnej, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland.
[Abe, H.] AIST, NMIJ, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058563, Japan.
[Ido, T.] Natl Inst Informat & Commun Technol, Koganei, Tokyo 1848795, Japan.
RP Cygan, A (reprint author), Nicolaus Copernicus Univ, Inst Phys, Fac Phys Astron & Informat, Grudziadzka 5, PL-87100 Torun, Poland.
EM rciurylo@fizyka.umk.pl
RI Piwinski, Mariusz/D-6648-2014; Cygan, Agata/E-1393-2014; Lisak,
Daniel/E-1470-2014; Trawinski, Ryszard /G-3523-2014; Bielska,
Katarzyna/G-4532-2014; Ciurylo, Roman/G-8680-2014; Maslowski,
Piotr/H-4476-2014; Domyslawska, Jolanta/H-7167-2014; Wojtewicz,
Szymon/A-5425-2015; Abe, Hisashi/J-4129-2015
OI Piwinski, Mariusz/0000-0001-5847-2578; Maslowski,
Piotr/0000-0001-8882-7106; Abe, Hisashi/0000-0002-1473-0659
FU Foundation for Polish Science TEAM Project; EU European Development
Fund; National Science Center [DEC-2011/01/B/ST2/00491]; Foundation for
Polish Science START Project
FX This work was partially supported by the Foundation for Polish Science
TEAM Project cofinanced by the EU European Development Fund and by the
National Science Center, Project No. DEC-2011/01/B/ST2/00491. The
research is part of the program of the National Laboratory FAMO in
Torun, Poland. A. Cygan is partially supported by the Foundation for
Polish Science START Project.
NR 237
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 3
U2 57
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1951-6355
EI 1951-6401
J9 EUR PHYS J-SPEC TOP
JI Eur. Phys. J.-Spec. Top.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 222
IS 9
BP 2119
EP 2142
DI 10.1140/epjst/e2013-01990-0
PG 24
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 235JX
UT WOS:000325715600008
ER
PT J
AU Tester, PA
Vandersea, MW
Buckel, CA
Kibler, SR
Holland, WC
Davenport, ED
Clark, RD
Edwards, KF
Taylor, JC
Vander Pluym, JL
Hickerson, EL
Litaker, RW
AF Tester, Patricia A.
Vandersea, Mark W.
Buckel, Christine A.
Kibler, Steven R.
Holland, William C.
Davenport, Erik D.
Clark, Randall D.
Edwards, Kimberly F.
Taylor, J. Christopher
Vander Pluym, Jennifer L.
Hickerson, Emma L.
Litaker, R. Wayne
TI Gambierdiscus (Dinophyceae) species diversity in the Flower Garden Banks
National Marine Sanctuary, Northern Gulf of Mexico, USA
SO HARMFUL ALGAE
LA English
DT Article
DE Benthic dinoflagellate; Ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP); Climate change;
Depth distribution; Growth requirements; Water temperature
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; CIGUATERA; CAROLINA; LIGHT; OCEAN; SEA; PHOTOSYNTHESIS;
GONYAULACALES; COMMUNITY; HABITAT
AB Globally, ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP) is the principal cause of non-bacterial illness associated with seafood consumption. The toxins (ciguatoxins) responsible for CFP are produced by dinoflagellates in the genus Gambierdiscus, which are endemic to tropical and sub-tropical areas. Ciguatoxins are lipophilic and bioaccumulate in marine food webs, typically reaching their highest concentrations in fish. Following a CFP event in 2008, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) issued a ciguatera toxin alert that included fish harvested in the northern Gulf of Mexico in and near the Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary (FGBNMS). The East Flower Garden Bank (EFGB) and West Flower Garden Bank (WFGB) are characterized by thriving coral communities that support Gambierdiscus growth. This study was undertaken specifically to document the diversity of Gambierdiscus species present in the sanctuary that may be sources of ciguatoxins entering the food web. Samples collected from the FGBNMS over a three year period were screened using species-specific polymerase chain reaction assays. A diverse assemblage of Gambierdiscus species was distributed to depths of >45 m, a new depth record for Gambierdiscus. Gambierdiscus belizeanus, Gambierdiscus caribaeus, Gambierdiscus carolinianus, Gambierdiscus carpenteri and Gambierdiscus ribotype 2 were all found on both East and West FGB with Gambierdiscus ruetzleri also recorded from the WFGB. The most common species was G. carolinianus, originally identified from samples collected between 35 and 40 m off the coast of NC, USA. Our findings are consistent with recent physiological studies showing that some Gambierdiscus species can grow year round at the temperatures and salinities at the FGBNMS and at light levels as low as 10 mu mol photons m(-2) s(-1). Such irradiances are estimated to occur in the FGBNMS at depths of 7080 m. The consistent recovery of Gambierdiscus species from deep sampling sites in areas known to produce ciguatoxic fish signals a substantial change in our concept of suitable habitats for Gambierdiscus to include depths greater than 50 m. (c) 2013 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Tester, Patricia A.; Vandersea, Mark W.; Buckel, Christine A.; Kibler, Steven R.; Holland, William C.; Taylor, J. Christopher; Vander Pluym, Jennifer L.; Litaker, R. Wayne] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Ctr Coastal Fisheries & Habitat Res, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
[Davenport, Erik D.; Clark, Randall D.; Edwards, Kimberly F.] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Ctr Coastal Monitoring & Assessment, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Hickerson, Emma L.] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Off Natl Marine Sanctuaries, Flower Garden Banks Natl Marine Sanctuary, Galveston, TX 77551 USA.
RP Tester, PA (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Ctr Coastal Fisheries & Habitat Res, 101 Pivers Isl Rd, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
EM Pat.Tester@noaa.gov; Mark.W.Vandersea@noaa.gov;
Christine.Addison@noaa.gov; Steve.Kibler@noaa.gov;
Chris.Holland@noaa.gov; Eric.Davenport@noaa.gov; Randy.Clark@noaa.gov;
Chris.Taylor@noaa.gov; Jenny.Vanderpluym@noaa.gov;
Emma.Hickerson@noaa.gov; Wayne.Litaker@noaa.gov
FU Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful Algal Blooms (ECOHAB) program [753]
FX We would like to thank the following individuals from the National Ocean
Service, National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, Center for Coastal
Fisheries and Habitat Research (CCFHR) and other colleagues assisting
CCFHR on dive operations for their willingness to collect samples from
various locations in the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean: John Burke,
Dave Cerino, Brian Degan, Mike Dowgiallo, Don Field, Wilson Freshwater,
Brett Harrison, David Johnson, Doug Kesling, William Lee, Roger Mays,
James Morris, Roldan Munoz, Brandon Puckett, Sherry Reed, Elliot Weston
and Paula Whitfield. We also kindly thank Frankie and Chris Hill, Errol
Dakin, Bill Sunda, Amy Nau and Carmelo Tomas for providing cultures or
samples of opportunity in the Caribbean region. Reference to trade names
does not imply product endorsement by the National Ocean Service, NOAA.
Partial support was provided by the Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful
Algal Blooms (ECOHAB) program, contribution 753.[SS]
NR 44
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 4
U2 24
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1568-9883
EI 1878-1470
J9 HARMFUL ALGAE
JI Harmful Algae
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 29
BP 1
EP 9
DI 10.1016/j.hal.2013.07.001
PG 9
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 235SU
UT WOS:000325741800001
ER
PT J
AU Klotzbach, PJ
Blake, ES
AF Klotzbach, Philip J.
Blake, Eric S.
TI North-Central Pacific Tropical Cyclones: Impacts of El Nino-Southern
Oscillation and the Madden-Julian Oscillation
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
DE North Pacific Ocean; ENSO; Madden-Julian oscillation; Tropical cyclones
ID CYCLOGENESIS; INDEX; MJO
AB Both El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) have been documented in previous research to impact tropical cyclone (TC) activity around the globe. This study examines the relationship of each mode individually along with a combined index on tropical cyclone activity in the north-central Pacific. Approximately twice as many tropical cyclones form in the north-central Pacific in El Nino years compared with La Nina years. These differences are attributed to a variety of factors, including warmer sea surface temperatures, lower sea level pressures, increased midlevel moisture, and anomalous midlevel ascent in El Nino years. When the convectively enhanced phase of the MJO is located over the eastern and central tropical Pacific, the north-central Pacific tends to have more tropical cyclone activity, likely because of reduced vertical wind shear, lower sea level pressures, and increased vertical motion. The convectively enhanced phase of the MJO is also responsible for most of the TCs that undergo rapid intensification in the north-central Pacific. A combined MJO-ENSO index that is primarily associated with anomalous rising motion over the tropical eastern Pacific has an even stronger relationship with north-central Pacific TCs, as well as rapid intensification, than either individually.
C1 [Klotzbach, Philip J.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Blake, Eric S.] NOAA, Natl Hurricane Ctr, Miami, FL USA.
RP Klotzbach, PJ (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM philk@atmos.colostate.edu
RI Klotzbach, Philip/P-1911-2014
OI Klotzbach, Philip/0000-0001-5372-6241
NR 24
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 14
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 19
BP 7720
EP 7733
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00809.1
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 222TH
UT WOS:000324753900026
ER
PT J
AU Tselioudis, G
Rossow, W
Zhang, YC
Konsta, D
AF Tselioudis, George
Rossow, William
Zhang, Yuanchong
Konsta, Dimitra
TI Global Weather States and Their Properties from Passive and Active
Satellite Cloud Retrievals
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
DE Climate classification; regimes; Cloud radiative effects; Cloud
retrieval; Satellite observations
ID TROPICAL WESTERN PACIFIC; VERTICAL STRUCTURE; DECADAL VARIABILITY;
STATISTICAL-MODEL; REGIMES; ISCCP; IDENTIFICATION; CONVECTION; PROFILES;
BUDGET
AB In this study, the authors apply a clustering algorithm to International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) cloud optical thickness-cloud top pressure histograms in order to derive weather states (WSs) for the global domain. The cloud property distribution within each WS is examined and the geographical variability of each WS is mapped. Once the global WSs are derived, a combination of CloudSat and Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) vertical cloud structure retrievals is used to derive the vertical distribution of the cloud field within each WS. Finally, the dynamic environment and the radiative signature of the WSs are derived and their variability is examined. The cluster analysis produces a comprehensive description of global atmospheric conditions through the derivation of 11 WSs, each representing a distinct cloud structure characterized by the horizontal distribution of cloud optical depth and cloud top pressure. Matching those distinct WSs with cloud vertical profiles derived from CloudSat and CALIPSO retrievals shows that the ISCCP WSs exhibit unique distributions of vertical layering that correspond well to the horizontal structure of cloud properties. Matching the derived WSs with vertical velocity measurements shows a normal progression in dynamic regime when moving from the most convective to the least convective WS. Time trend analysis of the WSs shows a sharp increase of the fair-weather WS in the 1990s and a flattening of that increase in the 2000s. The fact that the fair-weather WS is the one with the lowest cloud radiative cooling capability implies that this behavior has contributed excess radiative warming to the global radiative budget during the 1990s.
C1 [Tselioudis, George; Zhang, Yuanchong] Columbia Univ, NASA, GISS, New York, NY 10025 USA.
[Tselioudis, George; Zhang, Yuanchong] Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY 10025 USA.
[Tselioudis, George; Konsta, Dimitra] Acad Athens, Res Ctr Atmospher Phys & Climatol, Athens, Greece.
[Rossow, William] CUNY City Coll, NOAA, CREST, New York, NY 10031 USA.
RP Tselioudis, G (reprint author), Columbia Univ, NASA, GISS, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025 USA.
EM gt9@columbia.edu
RI Rossow, William/F-3138-2015; Konsta, Dimitra/O-5205-2015
FU NASA MAP program; NASA MEaSUREs program; NOAA CDR program; EU FP7
EUCLIPSE program
FX The authors of this work would like to acknowledge support by the NASA
MAP and MEaSUREs programs, the NOAA CDR program, and the EU FP7 EUCLIPSE
program.
NR 31
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 15
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 19
BP 7734
EP 7746
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00024.1
PG 13
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 222TH
UT WOS:000324753900027
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, R
Singh, G
Dang, A
Dai, L
Bockstaller, MR
Akgun, B
Satija, S
Karim, A
AF Zhang, Ren
Singh, Gurpreet
Dang, Alei
Dai, Lu
Bockstaller, Michael R.
Akgun, Bulent
Satija, Sushil
Karim, Alamgir
TI Nanoparticle-Driven Orientation Transition and Soft-Shear Alignment in
Diblock Copolymer Films via Dynamic Thermal Gradient Field
SO MACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE aligned nanostructure; block copolymers; composites; nanoparticles; zone
annealing
ID GOLD NANOPARTICLES; THIN-FILMS; BLOCK
AB Sharp dynamic thermal gradient (delta T approximate to 45 degrees C mm(-1)) field-driven assembly of cylinder-forming block copolymer (c-BCP) films filled with PS-coated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs; d(NP) approximate to 3.6 nm, phi(NP) approximate to 0-0.1) is studied. The influence of increasing AuNP loading fraction on dispersion and assembly of AuNPs within c-BCP (PS-PMMA) films is investigated via both static and dynamic thermal gradient fields. With phi(NP)increasing, a sharp transition from vertical to random in-plane horizontal cylinder orientation is observed due to enrichment of AuNPs at the substrate side and favorable interaction of PMMA chains with gold cores. Furthermore, a detachable capping elastomer layer can self-align these random oriented PMMA microdomains into unidirectional hybrid AuNP/c-BCP nanolines, quantified with an alignment order parameter, S.
C1 [Zhang, Ren; Karim, Alamgir] Univ Akron, Dept Polymer Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
[Singh, Gurpreet] IBM Almaden Res Ctr, San Jose, CA 95120 USA.
[Dang, Alei; Dai, Lu; Bockstaller, Michael R.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Akgun, Bulent; Satija, Sushil] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20889 USA.
[Akgun, Bulent] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Akgun, Bulent] Bogazici Univ, Dept Chem, TR-34342 Istanbul, Turkey.
RP Karim, A (reprint author), Univ Akron, Dept Polymer Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
EM alamgir@uakron.edu
RI Bockstaller, Michael/A-9124-2011; Akgun, Bulent/H-3798-2011
OI Bockstaller, Michael/0000-0001-9046-9539;
FU National Science Foundation [NSF DMR-1006421, DMR-906473]; Air Force
Office for Scientific Research [FA9550-09-1-0169]
FX We would like to thank Prof. Bryan Vogt (UA) and his student Changhuai
Ye for ellipsometric measurements and data analysis. This CZA-S research
work was supported by the National Science Foundation (via Grant NSF
DMR-1006421). M.R.B. acknowledges financial support by the Air Force
Office for Scientific Research (via grant FA9550-09-1-0169) and the
National Science Foundation (via grant DMR-906473).
NR 21
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U1 3
U2 30
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1022-1336
EI 1521-3927
J9 MACROMOL RAPID COMM
JI Macromol. Rapid Commun.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 34
IS 20
BP 1642
EP 1647
DI 10.1002/marc.201300485
PG 6
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 234AB
UT WOS:000325610000008
PM 24105959
ER
PT J
AU Perrin, WF
Rosel, PE
Cipriano, F
AF Perrin, William F.
Rosel, Patricia E.
Cipriano, Frank
TI How to contend with paraphyly in the taxonomy of the delphinine
cetaceans?
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Delphinidae; Delphininae; Stenella; Delphinus; Tursiops; Lagenodelphis;
Sousa; phylogeny; classification
ID PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; MOLECULAR SYSTEMATICS; MULTILOCUS PHYLOGENY;
MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; CYTOCHROME-B; DOLPHINS; RADIATION; SEQUENCES;
CETARTIODACTYLA; INFERENCE
AB Molecular phylogenetic analyses conducted over the past 15yr have consistently had difficulties resolving relationships among the cetacean species in the subfamily Delphininae. In addition, paraphyly of the genera Tursiops and Stenella in these molecular phylogenies has been a recurrent problem since the first appearance of such a phylogeny in 1999, suggesting that these genera do not accurately reflect the evolutionary relationships of the species they contain. Morphological analyses have not resolved the issues. The genera in Delphininae originated in the 19th Century on questionable morphological grounds. The species were nearly all originally described in the genus Delphinus of Linnaeus. Recent molecular phylogenies based on various mitochondrial and nuclear DNA markers have suggested a wide range of possible relationships among these taxa, and several authors have suggested synonymizing all the taxa (Lagenodelphis, Stenella, Sousa, and Tursiops) under Delphinus. Until molecular and/or morphological analyses adequately sort out relationships in this very recently radiated group, one possible solution indeed would be to merge all the delphinine genera with Delphinus. Implications of such a move and alternatives are discussed.Editor's Note: Papers from past Norris Award winners have primarily been a revised or reduced version of the actual presentation given as a plenary talk at the biennial conference. Dr. Perrin requested being allowed to take a topic from his presentation and expand on it to present a set of ideas in the form of an essay that could pass the rigors of the peer-review process. As a result, this Norris Award paper has undergone peer-review and has taken longer than usual for a Norris Award paper to appear in the journal following its presentation at the biennial conference. It also has co-authors, with varying opinions on the issues discussed in the essay, to cover appropriately and more thoroughly those components of the paper that required additional expertise. I believe this approach has produced an excellent, thought-provoking essay and is an approach that should be available to future Norris Award winners if they so choose to take it. Since this essay is meant to elicit dialogue, comments are welcome and will be considered for publication in Letters to the Editor.
C1 [Perrin, William F.] NOAA, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Rosel, Patricia E.] NOAA, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
[Cipriano, Frank] Genom Transcript Anal Core, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA.
RP Perrin, WF (reprint author), NOAA, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM william.perrin@noaa.gov
NR 85
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U1 2
U2 26
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0824-0469
EI 1748-7692
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 4
BP 567
EP 588
DI 10.1111/mms.12051
PG 22
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 232HF
UT WOS:000325482800015
ER
PT J
AU Lennert-Cody, CE
Rusin, JD
Maunder, MN
Everett, EH
Delgado, EDL
Tomlinson, PK
AF Lennert-Cody, Cleridy E.
Rusin, Jeremy D.
Maunder, Mark N.
Everett, Edward H.
Delgado, Erick D. Largacha
Tomlinson, Patrick K.
TI Studying small purse-seine vessel fishing behavior with tuna catch data:
Implications for eastern Pacific Ocean dolphin conservation
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE tuna-dolphin; ETP; random forests; International Dolphin Conservation
Program; monitoring
ID TROPICAL PACIFIC; INCIDENTAL KILL; FISHERY; MORTALITY; IMPACTS;
CONTROVERSY; RECOVERY
AB Despite achievements in dolphin conservation for the tuna purse-seine fishery of the eastern Pacific Ocean, debate continues about the magnitude and importance of dolphin mortality caused by small (unobserved) vessels. In-port sampling of tuna catch size composition is a potentially cost-effective means of identifying unobserved vessels that may be catching tunas associated with dolphins because yellowfin tuna caught in association with dolphins are larger, on average, than those caught in other types of purse-seine sets. A classification algorithm to predict purse-seine set type (dolphin vs. nondolphin) was built from port-sampling data on yellowfin tuna length-frequencies and the date and location of fishing of large (observed) vessels. This classification algorithm was used to screen the port-sampling data of small vessels collected during 2006-2009, assuming the fishing practices of the two groups resulted in similar catch characteristics. From these results, hypothetical time series of dolphin mortality for small vessels were constructed and incorporated into a population dynamics model, along with mortalities of large vessels. Results suggest that any dolphin mortality of small vessels is unlikely to be substantially affecting trends in dolphin abundance. These results underscore the importance of in-port sampling, in combination with at-sea observation and fishery-independent surveys, to effective management.
C1 [Lennert-Cody, Cleridy E.; Maunder, Mark N.; Everett, Edward H.; Delgado, Erick D. Largacha; Tomlinson, Patrick K.] Interamer Trop Tuna Commiss, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Rusin, Jeremy D.] NOAA, Protected Resources Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, NMFS, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Lennert-Cody, CE (reprint author), Interamer Trop Tuna Commiss, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM clennert@iattc.org
FU NOAA's National Marine Fisheries Service [AB133F-05-CN-1320]
FX This work was funded by NOAA's National Marine Fisheries Service under
Contract No. AB133F-05-CN-1320. We gratefully thank those who provided
input into sampling design, data management, and logistical support:
Robin Allen, Ernesto Altamirano, David Bratten, Joanne Boster, Trisha
Culver, Judi Jzyk, Jessica Kondel, Don Petersen, Nora Roa-Wade, and
Nickolas Vogel. This work would not have been possible without the data
collected by IATTC observers and field office staff, and the support of
the Parties to the AIDCP. This manuscript greatly benefited from reviews
by Alexandre Aires-da-Silva, Eric Archer, William Bayliff, Rick Deriso,
Tim Gerrodette, Michael Scott, and three anonymous reviewers.
NR 39
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U1 2
U2 16
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0824-0469
EI 1748-7692
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 4
BP 643
EP 668
DI 10.1111/j.1748-7692.2012.00608.x
PG 26
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 232HF
UT WOS:000325482800019
ER
PT J
AU Rankin, S
Archer, F
Barlow, J
AF Rankin, Shannon
Archer, Frederick
Barlow, Jay
TI Vocal activity of tropical dolphins is inhibited by the presence of
killer whales, Orcinus orca
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE killer whales; dolphin behavior; acoustic behavior; predator avoidance
ID TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; BEHAVIOR; VOCALIZATIONS; PREDATION; COMMUNICATION;
EVOLUTION; WHISTLE; MAMMALS; SIGNALS; CONTEXT
AB Research has suggested killer whale (Orcinus orca) predation may affect cetacean vocal behavior; however, few data exist to test this hypothesis. Data collected during 40,976km of visual and acoustic shipboard surveys in the tropical Pacific Ocean, including 1,232 detections of 13 species, were examined to determine if changes in dolphin vocal activity could be attributed to the presence of killer whales. Generalized linear models and Random Forest analyses were used to test the hypothesis that dolphin vocal activity was related to the distance and time to the nearest killer whale sighting. Both results show that dolphin vocalizations were inversely correlated with the temporal proximity of killer whales (P<0.05). Despite the relative rarity of killer whales in the tropics, they appear to influence vocal behavior of nearby dolphin schools. This disruption in communication may not significantly impact interactions necessary for survival in tropical waters where killer whale density is low. However, in temperate climates, where increased productivity supports a greater abundance of killer whales, this interruption in communication may have a greater impact. The lower incidence of whistling dolphins in temperate waters may be related to the greater abundance of killer whales in these areas.
C1 [Rankin, Shannon; Archer, Frederick; Barlow, Jay] NOAA, Protected Resources Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Rankin, S (reprint author), NOAA, Protected Resources Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM shannon.rankin@noaa.gov
FU Southwest Fisheries Science Center; U. S. Navy
FX This work could not have been accomplished without the assistance and
cooperation of the scientists, officers and crew of the R/V McArthur,
McArthur II, and the David Starr Jordan. Special thanks to Julie Oswald,
Al Jackson, Annette Henry, Liz Ferguson, and the many acousticians who
helped in the field. This manuscript was improved from the comments
provided by Danielle Cholewiak, Paula Olson, and Rene Swift. Funding for
this research was provided by the Southwest Fisheries Science Center and
the U. S. Navy.
NR 39
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U1 4
U2 55
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0824-0469
EI 1748-7692
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 4
BP 679
EP 690
DI 10.1111/j.1748-7692.2012.00613.x
PG 12
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 232HF
UT WOS:000325482800021
ER
PT J
AU Rossman, S
Barros, NB
Ostrom, PH
Stricker, CA
Hohn, AA
Gandhi, H
Wells, RS
AF Rossman, Sam
Barros, Nelio B.
Ostrom, Peggy H.
Stricker, Craig A.
Hohn, Aleta A.
Gandhi, Hasand
Wells, Randall S.
TI Retrospective analysis of bottlenose dolphin foraging: A legacy of
anthropogenic ecosystem disturbance
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Tursiops truncatus; bottlenose dolphin; stable isotopes; foraging
ecology; seagrass; nutrient loading
ID STABLE-ISOTOPES; TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; TROPHIC RELATIONSHIPS; SOUTHWEST
FLORIDA; FISH COMMUNITIES; SARASOTA BAY; CARBON; TEETH; FOOD;
FRACTIONATION
AB We used stable isotope analysis to investigate the foraging ecology of coastal bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in relation to a series of anthropogenic disturbances. We first demonstrated that stable isotopes are a faithful indicator of habitat use by comparing muscle isotope values to behavioral foraging data from the same individuals. C-13 values increased, while S-34 and N-15 values decreased with the percentage of feeding observations in seagrass habitat. We then utilized stable isotope values of muscle to assess temporal variation in foraging habitat from 1991 to 2010 and collagen from tooth crown tips to assess the time period 1944 to 2007. From 1991 to 2010, C-13 values of muscle decreased while S-34 values increased indicating reduced utilization of seagrass habitat. From 1944 to 1989 C-13 values of the crown tip declined significantly, likely due to a reduction in the coverage of seagrass habitat and N-15 values significantly increased, a trend we attribute to nutrient loading from a rapidly increasing human population. Our results demonstrate the utility of using marine mammal foraging habits to retrospectively assess the extent to which anthropogenic disturbance impacts coastal food webs.
C1 [Rossman, Sam; Ostrom, Peggy H.; Gandhi, Hasand] Michigan State Univ, Dept Zool, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Barros, Nelio B.; Wells, Randall S.] Mote Marine Lab, Chicago Zool Soc, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA.
[Stricker, Craig A.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Hohn, Aleta A.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
RP Rossman, S (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Zool, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM rossmans@msu.edu
RI Hohn, Aleta/G-2888-2011
OI Hohn, Aleta/0000-0002-9992-7062
FU National Science Foundation [0802267]; Marine Mammal Commission
[E4047334]
FX Thanks to C. Gulbransen (USGS) for conducting the sulfur isotope
analyses and Yun-Jia Lo (Michigan State University) for statistical
consulting. We are indebted to the efforts of Nelio Barros who provided
samples and the inspiration for this work. Nathaniel Ostrom (Michigan
State University), Jay Leverone and Mark Alderson (Sarasota Bay Estuary
Program) as well as David Tomasko provided discussions that improved
this manuscript. Samples from live dolphins were collected under a
series of National Marine Fisheries Service Scientific Research Permits
since 1984 and Mote Marine Laboratory IACUC approvals. Sample collection
from Sarasota Bay resident dolphins was supported by Dolphin Quest,
Earthwatch Institute, Disney Worldwide Conservation Fund, National
Marine Fisheries Service, The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and
the International Whaling Commission. This material is based upon work
supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research
Fellowship under Grant No. (0802267) as well as Marine Mammal Commission
Contract #E4047334. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U. S.
Government, Mote Marine Lab, Chicago Zoological Society or Michigan
State University.
NR 48
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U1 5
U2 23
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0824-0469
EI 1748-7692
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 4
BP 705
EP 718
DI 10.1111/j.1748-7692.2012.00618.x
PG 14
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 232HF
UT WOS:000325482800023
ER
PT J
AU West, KL
Sanchez, S
Rotstein, D
Robertson, KM
Dennison, S
Levine, G
Davis, N
Schofield, D
Potter, CW
Jensen, B
AF West, Kristi L.
Sanchez, Susan
Rotstein, David
Robertson, Kelly M.
Dennison, Sophie
Levine, Gregg
Davis, Nicole
Schofield, David
Potter, Charles W.
Jensen, Brenda
TI A Longman's beaked whale (Indopacetus pacificus) strands in Maui,
Hawaii, with first case of morbillivirus in the central Pacific
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID STENELLA-COERULEOALBA; COMMON DOLPHINS; SITE FIDELITY; INFECTION; OCEAN;
DNA; WATERS
C1 [West, Kristi L.] Hawaii Pacific Univ, Coll Nat & Computat Sci, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA.
[Sanchez, Susan] Univ Georgia, Dept Infect Dis, Coll Vet Med, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Robertson, Kelly M.] NOAA, Protected Resources Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Dennison, Sophie] Marine Mammal Radiol, San Francisco, CA 94107 USA.
[Davis, Nicole; Schofield, David] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Pacific Isl Reg Off, Honolulu, HI 96814 USA.
[Potter, Charles W.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Jensen, Brenda] Hawaii Pacific Univ, Coll Nat & Computat Sci, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA.
RP West, KL (reprint author), Hawaii Pacific Univ, Coll Nat & Computat Sci, 45-045 Kamehameha Highway, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA.
EM kwest@hpu.edu
FU Prescott Grant Program
FX We would like to thank Dera Look and Hawaii Stranding Response Network
volunteers for their heroic efforts to recover this fresh specimen from
Hana. We thank Dr. J. T. Saliki for his leadership, support and advice.
We are also grateful to the staff of the Molecular Biology section of
the Athens Veterinary Diagnostic lab for their dedication and assistance
provided in the identification of this novel virus. We also thank Robin
Baird for providing a preliminary species identification of the
specimen. We are grateful to Whitney White, Susan Fertall White, and
Robert Brownell. W. F. Perrin and Kerri Danil provided helpful comments
that improved the manuscript. This work was funded by the Prescott Grant
Program.
NR 29
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U1 2
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PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0824-0469
EI 1748-7692
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 4
BP 767
EP 776
DI 10.1111/j.1748-7692.2012.00616.x
PG 10
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 232HF
UT WOS:000325482800026
ER
PT J
AU Pitman, R
AF Pitman, Robert
TI MARINE MAMMAL SPECIES OF INDIA
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 [Pitman, Robert] NOAA Fisheries, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Pitman, R (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM Robert.pitman@noaa.gov
NR 3
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U1 0
U2 2
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PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0824-0469
EI 1748-7692
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 4
BP 777
EP 779
DI 10.1111/mms.12061
PG 3
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 232HF
UT WOS:000325482800027
ER
PT J
AU Barbieri, MM
Raverty, S
Hanson, MB
Venn-Watson, S
Ford, JKB
Gaydos, JK
AF Barbieri, Michelle M.
Raverty, Stephen
Hanson, M. Bradley
Venn-Watson, Stephanie
Ford, John K. B.
Gaydos, Joseph K.
TI Spatial and temporal analysis of killer whale (Orcinus orca) strandings
in the North Pacific Ocean and the benefits of a coordinated stranding
response protocol
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE killer whales; Orcinus orca; stranding; North Pacific Ocean; disease;
necropsy
ID PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; DOLPHIN TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; GENETIC
DIFFERENTIATION; ORGANOTIN COMPOUNDS; MARINE MAMMALS; PREY ABUNDANCE;
JAPAN; HOKKAIDO; AGE; POD
AB Killer whales (Orcinus orca) are widely distributed throughout the world's oceans, yet little has been documented about their stranding patterns. Knowledge of stranding patterns improves our ability to examine and sample carcasses and provides a foundation for understanding killer whale natural history, diet, reproduction, anthropogenic stressors, emerging diseases, and patterns of unusual mortality. We compiled published and unpublished killer whale stranding data to describe stranding patterns in the North Pacific Ocean. Between 1925 and 2011, 371 stranded killer whales were reported in Japan (20.4%), Russia (3.5%), Alaska (32.0%), British Columbia (27.4%), Washington (4.0%), Oregon (2.7%), California (5.1%), Mexico (3.8%), and Hawaii (0.8%). Strandings occurred at all times of year, but regionally specific seasonal differences were observed. Mortality and annual census data from Northern and Southern Resident populations were extrapolated to estimate that across the North Pacific, an average of 48 killer whales die annually. However, over the last two decades, an average of only 10 killer whale carcasses were recovered annually in this ocean, making each event a rare opportunity for study. Publication of a standardized killer whale necropsy protocol and dedicated funding facilitated the number of complete postmortem necropsies performed on stranded killer whales from 1.6% to 32.2% annually.
C1 [Barbieri, Michelle M.; Gaydos, Joseph K.] UC Davis Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Orcas Isl Off, Eastsound, WA 98245 USA.
[Raverty, Stephen] British Columbia Minist Agr & Food, Ctr Anim Hlth, Abbotsford, BC V3G 2M3, Canada.
[Raverty, Stephen] Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Hanson, M. Bradley] NOAA, NMFS, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, East Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Venn-Watson, Stephanie] Epitracker Analyt, San Diego, CA 92106 USA.
[Ford, John K. B.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Pacific Biol Stn, Nanaimo, BC V9T 6N7, Canada.
RP Barbieri, MM (reprint author), Marine Mammal Ctr, 2000 Bunker Rd, Sausalito, CA 94965 USA.
EM barbierim@TMMC.org
OI Gaydos, Joseph/0000-0001-6599-8797
FU NOAA Fisheries
FX We thank the numerous individuals from around the world that provided
information about killer whale strandings from their region, especially,
D. Bain, R. Baird, L. Barrett-Leonard, G. Ellis, K. Jackson, C. Kemper,
E. Kompanje, A. Mironova, M. Ogino, R. Osborne, E. Poncelet, M.
Sternfeld, and K. Wilkinson. The project also would not have been
possible without the help of M. Artois, D. Bain, A. Baretto, J. Barnett,
K. Barthelmess, M. Berman, T. Besser, C. Callahan, P. Calle, L.
Dalla-Rosa, P-Y. Daoust, N. Davison, S. DeGuise, H. Dietz, P. Duff, P.
Duignan, S. Ferguson, T. Flaherty, M. Fleetwood, K. Flynn, P. Folkens,
R. French, C. Fung, S. Gomez de Farias Jr., F. Gulland, P. Hamilton, K.
Heise, D. Janiger, A. Jensen, P. Jepson, R. Lewis, D. Look, S. Kennedy,
P. Komnenou, T. Kuiken, S. Lair, J. Lein, L. Measures, R. Moeller, T.
Morner, M. Morrice, S. Murphy, O. Nielsen, L. Paul, K. Prager, A.
Romero, K. Rose, P. Ross, T. Rowles, D. Schofield, A. Shestopalov, E.
Stredulinsky, C. Smeenk, P. Tygrve, M. Uhart, M. VanBressem, O. Van
Canneyt, I. Vilchis, E. Wamba, H. Whitney, R. Woods, W. Yang, and T.
Zabka who provided contact information for killer whale biologists or
killer whale stranding information. We thank K. Balcomb, G. Ellis, A.
Friedlaender, W. McLellan, and J. Watson for reviewing early versions of
this manuscript and for providing constructive comments. This work was
supported by a grant from NOAA Fisheries, as well as by in-kind support
from the U.S. Navy and the SeaDoc Society, a marine ecosystem health
program of the Wildlife Health Center at the UC Davis School of
Veterinary Medicine (http://www.seadocsociety.org).
NR 59
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 7
U2 49
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0824-0469
EI 1748-7692
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 4
BP E448
EP E462
DI 10.1111/mms.12044
PG 15
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 232HF
UT WOS:000325482800006
ER
PT J
AU Fish, FE
Goetz, KT
Rugh, DJ
Brattstrom, LV
AF Fish, Frank E.
Goetz, Kimberly T.
Rugh, David J.
Brattstroem, Linda Vate
TI Hydrodynamic patterns associated with echelon formation swimming by
feeding bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus)
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID BOTTLE-NOSED DOLPHINS; TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; BALEEN WHALES; BEAUFORT SEA;
BEHAVIOR; MAMMALS; ALASKA; FISHES
C1 [Fish, Frank E.] W Chester Univ, Dept Biol, W Chester, PA 19380 USA.
[Goetz, Kimberly T.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Long Marine Lab, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Brattstroem, Linda Vate] NOAA, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, NMFS, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Fish, FE (reprint author), W Chester Univ, Dept Biol, W Chester, PA 19380 USA.
EM ffish@wcupa.edu
FU Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, U.S. Department of Interior
FX The BOWFEST program was funded by the Minerals Management Service
(currently the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, U.S. Department of
Interior) with considerable support from Dr. Chuck Monnett. We greatly
appreciate NOAA's Aircraft Operation Center for providing the aircraft
and crew. We also thank Don LeRoi for the loan of the FMC mount and
assisting with the camera mount installation, Craig George (North Slope
Borough) for providing the calibration targets and infield support, and
Phillip Clapham for his comments on an earlier version of this report.
Steve Okkonen provided insights on the current oceanographic conditions.
We appreciate reviews provided by Alex Werth and an anonymous reviewer.
This study was conducted under MMPA Scientific Research Permit No.
782-1719-09.
NR 47
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 16
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0824-0469
EI 1748-7692
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 4
BP E498
EP E507
DI 10.1111/mms.12004
PG 10
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 232HF
UT WOS:000325482800009
ER
PT J
AU Kellar, NM
Trego, ML
Chivers, SJ
Archer, FI
Minich, JJ
Perryman, WL
AF Kellar, Nicholas M.
Trego, Marisa L.
Chivers, Susan J.
Archer, Fredrick I.
Minich, Jeremiah J.
Perryman, Wayne L.
TI Are there biases in biopsy sampling? Potential drivers of sex ratio in
projectile biopsy samples from two small delphinids
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE sex ratio; biopsy; sampling bias; bowriding; Delphinus capensis;
Delphinus delphis
ID PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; KILLER WHALES; COMMON DOLPHIN; BLUBBER;
SYSTEM; POPULATIONS; DIMORPHISM; CETACEANS; TURSIOPS; SUCCESS
AB Molecular assays were used to determine the sex of 1,294 biopsied common dolphins (658 long-beaked common dolphins, Delphinus capensis, and 636 short-beaked common dolphins, D. delphis) in the Southern California Bight. Sex ratio differed substantially between the two species; females comprised 241 (36.6%) of D. capensis samples and 410 (64.5%) of D. delphis samples. All biopsies were taken either from a large research ship or from a small, rigid-hull inflatable boat (RHIB) launched from the larger ship. When conducting replicate biopsy effort on the same schools from each vessel/platform (Tandem Biopsy Sampling), we found evidence that disproportionately more female D. capensis were biopsied from the RHIB than from the ship but the same was not true for D. delphis. We suspect that these results are driven by bowriding-behavior differences between the two species. Biopsy duration, geographic location, school size, and Julian date were considered as potential covariates with sex ratio; geographic location was the only one to show strong evidence of correlation. This study also presents an alternative to the erroneous practice of comparing sex ratios to a theoretical assumption of parity (i.e., 50:50 sex ratio) when researchers avoid sampling animals paired with calves.
C1 [Kellar, Nicholas M.; Trego, Marisa L.; Chivers, Susan J.; Archer, Fredrick I.; Minich, Jeremiah J.; Perryman, Wayne L.] NOAA, Protected Resources Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Trego, Marisa L.; Minich, Jeremiah J.] Ocean Associates Inc, Arlington, VA 22207 USA.
RP Kellar, NM (reprint author), NOAA, Protected Resources Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM nick.kellar@noaa.gov
NR 32
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 7
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0824-0469
EI 1748-7692
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 4
BP E366
EP E389
DI 10.1111/mms.12014
PG 24
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 232HF
UT WOS:000325482800002
ER
PT J
AU Melin, SR
Haulena, M
Van Bonn, W
Tennis, MJ
Brown, RF
Harris, JD
AF Melin, Sharon R.
Haulena, Martin
Van Bonn, William
Tennis, Mathew J.
Brown, Robin F.
Harris, Jeffrey D.
TI Reversible immobilization of free-ranging adult male California sea
lions (Zalophus californianus)
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID MEDETOMIDINE; ATIPAMEZOLE; ISOFLURANE
C1 [Melin, Sharon R.; Harris, Jeffrey D.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Haulena, Martin] Vancouver Aquarium, Vancouver, BC V6B 3X8, Canada.
[Van Bonn, William] Marine Mammal Ctr, Dept Vet Sci, Sausalito, CA 94965 USA.
[Tennis, Mathew J.] Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commiss, Astoria, OR 97103 USA.
[Brown, Robin F.] Oregon Dept Fish & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA.
RP Melin, SR (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM sharon.melin@noaa.gov
OI Van Bonn, William/0000-0001-5309-3595
FU National Marine Fisheries Service, Alaska Fisheries Science Center,
Seattle, Washington
FX We thank J. Burco, D. Heiner, M. Brown, T. Gelatt, and N. Rifat for
assistance capturing and handling animals. T. Gelatt, B. Fadely, J. Lee,
and two anonymous reviewers provided comments on the manuscript. This
study was conducted under Marine Mammal Protection Act Permit Number
782-1812-02 issued to the National Marine Mammal Laboratory. Funding was
provided by the National Marine Fisheries Service, Alaska Fisheries
Science Center, Seattle, Washington. The protocols described in this
paper were approved by the National Marine Fisheries Service
Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. The findings and
conclusions in this paper are those of the authors and do not
necessarily represent the views of the National Marine Fisheries
Service.
NR 7
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 17
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0824-0469
EI 1748-7692
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 4
BP E529
EP E536
DI 10.1111/mms.12017
PG 8
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 232HF
UT WOS:000325482800013
ER
PT J
AU Stanfield, E
Muralikrishnan, B
Doiron, T
Zheng, A
Orandi, S
Duquette, D
AF Stanfield, Eric
Muralikrishnan, Bala
Doiron, Ted
Zheng, Alan
Orandi, Shahram
Duquette, David
TI Two applications of small feature dimensional measurements on a
coordinate measuring machine with a fiber probe
SO MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE dimensional metrology; fingerprint; micro-feature; volume standard
AB This paper describes two applications of dimensional measurements performed using a contact fiber probe on a commercial coordinate measuring machine (CMM). Both examples involve artifacts that serve as reference standards and contain features in the 100 mu m to 500 mu m range. The first application involves measuring the spacing between features, either holes or rectangular prisms, on a cylinder that is approximately the size of a finger. The artifact, referred to as the fingerprint target, serves as a standard for verifying the performance of fingerprint scanners. The second application involves measuring the volume of small three-dimensional features such as cylinders and rectangular prisms that rise from a plate. This artifact is referred to as the volume target in this paper; these targets serve as volume standards for manufacturers and users of solder paste inspection systems. In each case, the measurement challenges presented by these artifacts are discussed and the measurand, the measurement plan, error sources, and uncertainty budget are described.
C1 [Stanfield, Eric; Muralikrishnan, Bala; Doiron, Ted; Zheng, Alan; Orandi, Shahram] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Duquette, David] CyberOpt Corp, Minneapolis, MN 55416 USA.
RP Stanfield, E (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM eric.stanfield@nist.gov
NR 9
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0957-0233
EI 1361-6501
J9 MEAS SCI TECHNOL
JI Meas. Sci. Technol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 24
IS 10
AR 105008
DI 10.1088/0957-0233/24/10/105008
PG 7
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 220XY
UT WOS:000324621900009
ER
PT J
AU Barzilai, S
Tavazza, F
Levine, LE
AF Barzilai, S.
Tavazza, F.
Levine, L. E.
TI Structure stability and electronic transport of gold nanowires on a BeO
(0001) surface
SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
ID GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATION; BAND-STRUCTURE; CONDUCTANCE; ADSORPTION;
JUNCTIONS; MOLECULES; CHAINS
AB Gold nanowires (NWs) exhibit remarkable structural and electrical properties, making them good candidates for practical nanoelectronic devices. For such engineering applications, alpha-wurtzite BeO may be a useful platform for supporting these NWs, because gold atoms are attracted to this surface and the atom separation of the BeO (0 0 0 1) surface is compatible with the Au-Au atom spacing. However, the influence of this substrate on the NW conductivity and structure is not known. Here, the stability and conductance of several Au NW configurations on BeO (0 0 0 1) surfaces are investigated using ab initio simulations. It was found that the beryllium-terminated surface preserves the configuration for most of the NWs while the oxygen-terminated surface changes and even repels most of the NW configurations. The electronic structure and the transmission properties of the stable cases showed small changes in the electronic structure of gold NWs due to the presence of the BeO substrate. These changes do not restrict the conduction of the NWs and even enhance it by increasing the capacity of the existing transmission channels, and forming new conduction paths.
C1 [Barzilai, S.; Tavazza, F.; Levine, L. E.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, MSED, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Barzilai, S (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, MSED, Mat Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8553, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 52
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 6
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0965-0393
EI 1361-651X
J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC
JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 21
IS 7
AR 075003
DI 10.1088/0965-0393/21/7/075003
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 233QY
UT WOS:000325585500013
ER
PT J
AU Hite, DA
Colombe, Y
Wilson, AC
Allcock, DTC
Leibfried, D
Wineland, DJ
Pappas, DP
AF Hite, D. A.
Colombe, Y.
Wilson, A. C.
Allcock, D. T. C.
Leibfried, D.
Wineland, D. J.
Pappas, D. P.
TI Surface science for improved ion traps
SO MRS BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID ULTRAHIGH-VACUUM; METAL-SURFACES; FLICKER NOISE; ATOMIC IONS; 1/F NOISE;
QUANTUM; GOLD; PHOTOEMISSION; DIFFUSION
AB Trapped ions are sensitive to electric-field noise from trap-electrode surfaces. This noise has been an obstacle to progress in trapped-ion quantum information processing (QIP) experiments for more than a decade. It causes motional heating of the ions, and thus quantum-state decoherence. This heating is anomalous because it is not easily explained by typical technical-noise sources. Experimental evidence of its dependence on ion-electrode distance, frequency, and electrode temperature points to the surface, rather than the bulk, of the trap electrodes as the origin. In this article, we review experimental efforts and models to help identify and reduce or eliminate the source of the anomalous heating. Recent progress to reduce the heating with in situ cleaning indicates that it may not be a fundamental limit to trapped-ion QIP. Moreover, the extreme sensitivity of trapped ions to electric-field noise may potentially be used as a new tool in surface science.
C1 [Hite, D. A.; Colombe, Y.; Wilson, A. C.; Allcock, D. T. C.; Leibfried, D.; Wineland, D. J.; Pappas, D. P.] NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Hite, DA (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
EM dustin.hite@nist.gov; yves.colombe@nist.gov; andrew.wilson@nist.gov;
david.allcock@nist.gov; dietrich.leibfried@nist.gov;
david.wineland@nist.gov; david.pappas@nist.gov
RI Allcock, David/C-7582-2013
OI Allcock, David/0000-0002-7317-5560
FU IARPA [DNI-017389, EAO-139840]; ONR; NIST Quantum Information Program
FX This article is a contribution of NIST and is not subject to US
copyright. This work was supported by IARPA under ARO Contract Numbers
DNI-017389 and EAO-139840, ONR, and the NIST Quantum Information
Program. We thank Jim Bergquist, Jim Phillips, and Mark Gesley for
helpful discussions, and K. S. McKay and M. R. Vissers for suggestions
on the manuscript.
NR 72
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 11
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0883-7694
EI 1938-1425
J9 MRS BULL
JI MRS Bull.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 38
IS 10
BP 826
EP 833
DI 10.1557/mrs.2013.207
PG 8
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 236BR
UT WOS:000325769200019
ER
PT J
AU Kirschke, S
Bousquet, P
Ciais, P
Saunois, M
Canadell, JG
Dlugokencky, EJ
Bergamaschi, P
Bergmann, D
Blake, DR
Bruhwiler, L
Cameron-Smith, P
Castaldi, S
Chevallier, F
Feng, L
Fraser, A
Heimann, M
Hodson, EL
Houweling, S
Josse, B
Fraser, PJ
Krummel, PB
Lamarque, JF
Langenfelds, RL
Le Quere, C
Naik, V
O'Doherty, S
Palmer, PI
Pison, I
Plummer, D
Poulter, B
Prinn, RG
Rigby, M
Ringeval, B
Santini, M
Schmidt, M
Shindell, DT
Simpson, IJ
Spahni, R
Steele, LP
Strode, SA
Sudo, K
Szopa, S
van der Werf, GR
Voulgarakis, A
van Weele, M
Weiss, RF
Williams, JE
Zeng, G
AF Kirschke, Stefanie
Bousquet, Philippe
Ciais, Philippe
Saunois, Marielle
Canadell, Josep G.
Dlugokencky, Edward J.
Bergamaschi, Peter
Bergmann, Daniel
Blake, Donald R.
Bruhwiler, Lori
Cameron-Smith, Philip
Castaldi, Simona
Chevallier, Frederic
Feng, Liang
Fraser, Annemarie
Heimann, Martin
Hodson, Elke L.
Houweling, Sander
Josse, Beatrice
Fraser, Paul J.
Krummel, Paul B.
Lamarque, Jean-Francois
Langenfelds, Ray L.
Le Quere, Corinne
Naik, Vaishali
O'Doherty, Simon
Palmer, Paul I.
Pison, Isabelle
Plummer, David
Poulter, Benjamin
Prinn, Ronald G.
Rigby, Matt
Ringeval, Bruno
Santini, Monia
Schmidt, Martina
Shindell, Drew T.
Simpson, Isobel J.
Spahni, Renato
Steele, L. Paul
Strode, Sarah A.
Sudo, Kengo
Szopa, Sophie
van der Werf, Guido R.
Voulgarakis, Apostolos
van Weele, Michiel
Weiss, Ray F.
Williams, Jason E.
Zeng, Guang
TI Three decades of global methane sources and sinks
SO NATURE GEOSCIENCE
LA English
DT Review
ID INTERCOMPARISON PROJECT ACCMIP; PAST 2 DECADES; ATMOSPHERIC METHANE;
GROWTH-RATE; BIOGEOCHEMISTRY MODEL; TROPOSPHERIC METHANE; ISOTOPIC
COMPOSITION; METHYL CHLOROFORM; CARBON-DIOXIDE; EMISSIONS
AB Methane is an important greenhouse gas, responsible for about 20% of the warming induced by long-lived greenhouse gases since pre-industrial times. By reacting with hydroxyl radicals, methane reduces the oxidizing capacity of the atmosphere and generates ozone in the troposphere. Although most sources and sinks of methane have been identified, their relative contributions to atmospheric methane levels are highly uncertain. As such, the factors responsible for the observed stabilization of atmospheric methane levels in the early 2000s, and the renewed rise after 2006, remain unclear. Here, we construct decadal budgets for methane sources and sinks between 1980 and 2010, using a combination of atmospheric measurements and results from chemical transport models, ecosystem models, climate chemistry models and inventories of anthropogenic emissions. The resultant budgets suggest that data-driven approaches and ecosystem models overestimate total natural emissions. We build three contrasting emission scenarios - which differ in fossil fuel and microbial emissions - to explain the decadal variability in atmospheric methane levels detected, here and in previous studies, since 1985. Although uncertainties in emission trends do not allow definitive conclusions to be drawn, we show that the observed stabilization of methane levels between 1999 and 2006 can potentially be explained by decreasing-to-stable fossil fuel emissions, combined with stable-to-increasing microbial emissions. We show that a rise in natural wetland emissions and fossil fuel emissions probably accounts for the renewed increase in global methane levels after 2006, although the relative contribution of these two sources remains uncertain.
C1 [Kirschke, Stefanie; Bousquet, Philippe; Ciais, Philippe; Saunois, Marielle; Chevallier, Frederic; Pison, Isabelle; Poulter, Benjamin; Schmidt, Martina; Szopa, Sophie] LSCE CEA UVSQ CNRS, F-91190 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Canadell, Josep G.] CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Res, Global Carbon Project, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
[Dlugokencky, Edward J.; Bruhwiler, Lori] NOAA ESRL, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Bergamaschi, Peter] Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, I-21027 Ispra, Va, Italy.
[Bergmann, Daniel; Cameron-Smith, Philip] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
[Blake, Donald R.; Simpson, Isobel J.] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
[Castaldi, Simona] Univ Naples 2, Dept Environm Sci, I-81100 Caserta, Italy.
[Castaldi, Simona; Santini, Monia] Ctr Euro Mediterraneo Cambiamenti Climatici CMCC, I-73100 Lecce, Italy.
[Feng, Liang; Fraser, Annemarie; Palmer, Paul I.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Geosci, Edinburgh EH9 3JN, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Heimann, Martin] Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, D-07701 Jena, Germany.
[Hodson, Elke L.] Swiss Fed Res Inst WSL, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland.
[Houweling, Sander] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, SRON, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands.
[Houweling, Sander; Ringeval, Bruno] Inst Marine & Atmospher Res Utrecht, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands.
[Josse, Beatrice] CNRM GMGEC CARMA, Meteo France, F-31057 Toulouse, France.
[Fraser, Paul J.; Krummel, Paul B.; Langenfelds, Ray L.; Steele, L. Paul] CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Res, Ctr Australian Weather & Climate Res, Aspendale, Vic 3195, Australia.
[Lamarque, Jean-Francois] NCAR, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Le Quere, Corinne] Univ E Anglia, Tyndall Ctr Climate Change Res, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England.
[Naik, Vaishali] NOAA, UCAR, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[O'Doherty, Simon] Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, Avon, England.
[Plummer, David] Environm Canada, Canadian Ctr Climate Modelling & Anal, Montreal, PQ H3A 1B9, Canada.
[Prinn, Ronald G.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Rigby, Matt] Univ Bristol, Sch Chem, Bristol BS8 1TS, Avon, England.
[Ringeval, Bruno] Univ Utrecht, IMAU, NL-3584 CC Utrecht, Netherlands.
[Ringeval, Bruno] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Syst Ecol, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[Shindell, Drew T.; Voulgarakis, Apostolos] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA.
[Spahni, Renato] Univ Bern, Inst Phys, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
[Strode, Sarah A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Strode, Sarah A.] NASA, Univ Space Res Assoc, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Sudo, Kengo] Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Environm Studies, Chikusa Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan.
[van der Werf, Guido R.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Fac Earth & Life Sci, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[Voulgarakis, Apostolos] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Phys, London SW7 2AZ, England.
[van Weele, Michiel; Williams, Jason E.] Royal Netherlands Meteorol Inst KNMI, NL-3730 AE De Bilt, Netherlands.
[Weiss, Ray F.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Zeng, Guang] Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res, Omakau 9352, Central Otago, New Zealand.
RP Bousquet, P (reprint author), LSCE CEA UVSQ CNRS, F-91190 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
EM Philippe.Bousquet@lsce.ipsl.fr
RI Strode, Sarah/H-2248-2012; Chevallier, Frederic/E-9608-2016; Heimann,
Martin/H-7807-2016; van der Werf, Guido/M-8260-2016; Castaldi,
Simona/B-1699-2012; Le Quere, Corinne/C-2631-2017; Langenfelds,
Raymond/B-5381-2012; Palmer, Paul/F-7008-2010; Cameron-Smith,
Philip/E-2468-2011; Canadell, Josep/E-9419-2010; Steele,
Paul/B-3185-2009; Krummel, Paul/A-4293-2013; Fraser,
Annemarie/D-3874-2012; Fraser, Paul/D-1755-2012; Rigby,
Matthew/A-5555-2012; Szopa, Sophie/F-8984-2010; Shindell,
Drew/D-4636-2012; Bergmann, Daniel/F-9801-2011; Naik,
Vaishali/A-4938-2013; Lamarque, Jean-Francois/L-2313-2014
OI Poulter, Benjamin/0000-0002-9493-8600; Strode,
Sarah/0000-0002-8103-1663; Chevallier, Frederic/0000-0002-4327-3813;
Heimann, Martin/0000-0001-6296-5113; van der Werf,
Guido/0000-0001-9042-8630; Castaldi, Simona/0000-0003-3937-8169; Le
Quere, Corinne/0000-0003-2319-0452; SANTINI, Monia/0000-0002-8041-8241;
Ringeval, Bruno/0000-0001-8405-1304; Cameron-Smith,
Philip/0000-0002-8802-8627; Canadell, Josep/0000-0002-8788-3218; Steele,
Paul/0000-0002-8234-3730; Krummel, Paul/0000-0002-4884-3678; Rigby,
Matthew/0000-0002-2020-9253; Szopa, Sophie/0000-0002-8641-1737;
Bergmann, Daniel/0000-0003-4357-6301; Naik,
Vaishali/0000-0002-2254-1700; Lamarque,
Jean-Francois/0000-0002-4225-5074
FU UK NERC National Centre for Earth Observation; European Commission's 7th
Framework Programme (FP7) [218793, 283080]; US DOE [DE-AC52-07NA27344,
DE-AC02-05CH1123]; NOAA; Australian Climate Change Science Program; ERC
[247349]
FX This paper is the result of an international collaboration of scientists
organized by the Global Carbon Project, a joint project of the Earth
System Science Partnership. This work was supported by: the UK NERC
National Centre for Earth Observation; the European Commission's 7th
Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) projects MACC (grant agreement no.
218793) and GEOCARBON (grant agreement no. 283080); contract
DE-AC52-07NA27344 with different parts supported by the US DOE IMPACTS
and SciDAC Climate Consortium projects; computing resources of NERSC,
which is supported by the US DOE under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231; NOAA
flask data for CH3CCl3 (made available by S.
Montzka); the Australian Climate Change Science Program, and ERC grant
247349. Simulations from LSCE were performed using HPC resources from
DSM-CCRT and CCRT/CINES/IDRIS under the allocation 2012-t2012012201 made
by GENCI (Grand Equipement National de Calcul Intensif). We thank the
EDGAR group at JRC (Italy) and US-EPA for providing estimates of
anthropogenic emissions.
NR 91
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Z9 337
U1 64
U2 503
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1752-0894
EI 1752-0908
J9 NAT GEOSCI
JI Nat. Geosci.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 6
IS 10
BP 813
EP 823
DI 10.1038/NGEO1955
PG 11
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 225ZL
UT WOS:000325003700010
ER
PT J
AU Greenwald, M
Bader, A
Baek, S
Barnard, H
Beck, W
Bergerson, W
Bespamyatnov, I
Bitter, M
Bonoli, P
Brookman, M
Brower, D
Brunner, D
Burke, W
Candy, J
Chilenski, M
Chung, M
Churchill, M
Cziegler, I
Davis, E
Dekow, G
Delgado-Aparicio, L
Diallo, A
Ding, W
Dominguez, A
Ellis, R
Ennever, P
Ernst, D
Faust, I
Fiore, C
Fitzgerald, E
Fredian, T
Garcia, OE
Gao, C
Garrett, M
Golfinopoulos, T
Granetz, R
Groebner, R
Harrison, S
Harvey, R
Hartwig, Z
Hill, K
Hillairet, J
Howard, N
Hubbard, AE
Hughes, JW
Hutchinson, I
Irby, J
James, AN
Kanojia, A
Kasten, C
Kesner, J
Kessel, C
Kube, R
LaBombard, B
Lau, C
Lee, J
Liao, K
Lin, Y
Lipschultz, B
Ma, Y
Marmar, E
McGibbon, P
Meneghini, O
Mikkelsen, D
Miller, D
Mumgaard, R
Murray, R
Ochoukov, R
Olynyk, G
Pace, D
Park, S
Parker, R
Podpaly, Y
Porkolab, M
Preynas, M
Pusztai, I
Reinke, M
Rice, J
Rowan, W
Scott, S
Shiraiwa, S
Sierchio, J
Snyder, P
Sorbom, B
Soukhanovskii, V
Stillerman, J
Sugiyama, L
Sung, C
Terry, D
Terry, J
Theiler, C
Tsujii, N
Vieira, R
Walk, J
Wallace, G
White, A
Whyte, D
Wilson, J
Wolfe, S
Woller, K
Wright, G
Wright, J
Wukitch, S
Wurden, G
Xu, P
Yang, C
Zweben, S
AF Greenwald, M.
Bader, A.
Baek, S.
Barnard, H.
Beck, W.
Bergerson, W.
Bespamyatnov, I.
Bitter, M.
Bonoli, P.
Brookman, M.
Brower, D.
Brunner, D.
Burke, W.
Candy, J.
Chilenski, M.
Chung, M.
Churchill, M.
Cziegler, I.
Davis, E.
Dekow, G.
Delgado-Aparicio, L.
Diallo, A.
Ding, W.
Dominguez, A.
Ellis, R.
Ennever, P.
Ernst, D.
Faust, I.
Fiore, C.
Fitzgerald, E.
Fredian, T.
Garcia, O. E.
Gao, C.
Garrett, M.
Golfinopoulos, T.
Granetz, R.
Groebner, R.
Harrison, S.
Harvey, R.
Hartwig, Z.
Hill, K.
Hillairet, J.
Howard, N.
Hubbard, A. E.
Hughes, J. W.
Hutchinson, I.
Irby, J.
James, A. N.
Kanojia, A.
Kasten, C.
Kesner, J.
Kessel, C.
Kube, R.
LaBombard, B.
Lau, C.
Lee, J.
Liao, K.
Lin, Y.
Lipschultz, B.
Ma, Y.
Marmar, E.
McGibbon, P.
Meneghini, O.
Mikkelsen, D.
Miller, D.
Mumgaard, R.
Murray, R.
Ochoukov, R.
Olynyk, G.
Pace, D.
Park, S.
Parker, R.
Podpaly, Y.
Porkolab, M.
Preynas, M.
Pusztai, I.
Reinke, M.
Rice, J.
Rowan, W.
Scott, S.
Shiraiwa, S.
Sierchio, J.
Snyder, P.
Sorbom, B.
Soukhanovskii, V.
Stillerman, J.
Sugiyama, L.
Sung, C.
Terry, D.
Terry, J.
Theiler, C.
Tsujii, N.
Vieira, R.
Walk, J.
Wallace, G.
White, A.
Whyte, D.
Wilson, J.
Wolfe, S.
Woller, K.
Wright, G.
Wright, J.
Wukitch, S.
Wurden, G.
Xu, P.
Yang, C.
Zweben, S.
TI Overview of experimental results and code validation activities at
Alcator C-Mod
SO NUCLEAR FUSION
LA English
DT Article
ID EDGE TURBULENCE; TOKAMAK; INSTABILITIES; PLASMAS; WAVES; MITIGATION;
SIMULATION; SOLVER
AB Recent research on the Alcator C-Mod tokamak has focused on a range of scientific issues with particular emphasis on ITER needs and on detailed comparisons between experimental measurements and predictive models. Research on ICRF (ion cyclotron range of frequencies) heating emphasized the origins and mitigation of metallic impurities while work on lower hybrid current drive experiments have focused on linear and nonlinear wave interactions that limit efficiency at high densities in regimes with low single pass absorption. Experiments in core turbulence and transport focused on quantitative, multi-field comparisons between nonlinear gyro-kinetics simulations and experimental measurements of profiles, fluxes and fluctuations. Experiments into self-generated rotation observed spontaneous flow reversal at a critical density identical to the transition density between linear ohmic confinement and saturated ohmic confinement regimes. H-mode studies have measured pedestal widths consistent with kinetic-ballooning-mode-like instabilities, while the pedestal heights quantitatively match the EPED code predictions. Experiments with I-mode have increased the operating window for this promising edge-localized-mode-free regime. Extrapolation of I-mode to ITER suggests that the fusion gain Q similar to 10 could be possible in ITER. Investigations into the physics and scaling of the power exhaust channel width in attached enhanced D-alpha H-mode and L-mode plasma showed a direct connection between the midplane pressure-folding length and the outer divertor target footprint. The width was found to scale inversely with I-P, while being independent of conducted power, B-T or q(95) and insensitive to the scrape-off layer connection length-a behaviour that suggests critical-gradient physics sets both pressure and heat-flux profiles.
C1 [Greenwald, M.; Baek, S.; Barnard, H.; Beck, W.; Bonoli, P.; Brunner, D.; Burke, W.; Chilenski, M.; Chung, M.; Churchill, M.; Davis, E.; Dekow, G.; Ennever, P.; Ernst, D.; Faust, I.; Fiore, C.; Fitzgerald, E.; Fredian, T.; Gao, C.; Garrett, M.; Golfinopoulos, T.; Granetz, R.; Hartwig, Z.; Howard, N.; Hubbard, A. E.; Hughes, J. W.; Hutchinson, I.; Irby, J.; Kanojia, A.; Kasten, C.; Kesner, J.; LaBombard, B.; Lau, C.; Lee, J.; Lin, Y.; Lipschultz, B.; Ma, Y.; Marmar, E.; McGibbon, P.; Miller, D.; Mumgaard, R.; Murray, R.; Ochoukov, R.; Olynyk, G.; Park, S.; Parker, R.; Porkolab, M.; Pusztai, I.; Reinke, M.; Rice, J.; Shiraiwa, S.; Sierchio, J.; Sorbom, B.; Stillerman, J.; Sugiyama, L.; Sung, C.; Terry, D.; Terry, J.; Theiler, C.; Tsujii, N.; Vieira, R.; Walk, J.; Wallace, G.; White, A.; Whyte, D.; Wolfe, S.; Woller, K.; Wright, G.; Wright, J.; Wukitch, S.; Xu, P.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Bader, A.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Bergerson, W.; Brower, D.; Ding, W.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Bespamyatnov, I.; Brookman, M.; Liao, K.; Rowan, W.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Bitter, M.; Delgado-Aparicio, L.; Diallo, A.; Dominguez, A.; Ellis, R.; Harrison, S.; Hill, K.; Kessel, C.; Mikkelsen, D.; Scott, S.; Wilson, J.; Zweben, S.] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA.
[Candy, J.; Groebner, R.; Meneghini, O.; Pace, D.; Snyder, P.] Gen Atom, San Diego, CA 94121 USA.
[James, A. N.; Soukhanovskii, V.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Garcia, O. E.; Kube, R.] Univ Tromso, Tromso, Norway.
[Yang, C.] Hefei Inst Plasma Phys, Hefei 230031, Anhui, Peoples R China.
[Cziegler, I.] Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92903 USA.
[Harvey, R.] CompX Corp, Del Mar, CA 92014 USA.
[Podpaly, Y.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Wurden, G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
[Hillairet, J.; Preynas, M.] CEA, IRFM, F-13115 St Paul Les Durance, France.
RP Greenwald, M (reprint author), MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM g@psfc.mit.edu
RI Diallo, Ahmed/M-7792-2013; Lipschultz, Bruce/J-7726-2012; Garcia, Odd
Erik/A-4417-2013; Ernst, Darin/A-1487-2010; Kube, Ralph/I-5894-2015;
Wurden, Glen/A-1921-2017
OI Greenwald, Martin/0000-0002-4438-729X; Theiler,
Christian/0000-0003-3926-1374; , Cornwall/0000-0002-8576-5867;
Lipschultz, Bruce/0000-0001-5968-3684; Garcia, Odd
Erik/0000-0002-2377-8718; Ernst, Darin/0000-0002-9577-2809; Kube,
Ralph/0000-0003-1635-6151; Wurden, Glen/0000-0003-2991-1484
FU US Department of Energy
FX The authors would like to thank the entire C-Mod team. This work is
supported by the US Department of Energy.
NR 79
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U1 1
U2 40
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0029-5515
EI 1741-4326
J9 NUCL FUSION
JI Nucl. Fusion
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 53
IS 10
SI SI
AR 104004
DI 10.1088/0029-5515/53/10/104004
PG 14
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 226AD
UT WOS:000325005600005
ER
PT J
AU Beechie, T
Imaki, H
Greene, J
Wade, A
Wu, H
Pess, G
Roni, P
Kimball, J
Stanford, J
Kiffney, P
Mantua, N
AF Beechie, T.
Imaki, H.
Greene, J.
Wade, A.
Wu, H.
Pess, G.
Roni, P.
Kimball, J.
Stanford, J.
Kiffney, P.
Mantua, N.
TI RESTORING SALMON HABITAT FOR A CHANGING CLIMATE
SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE restoration; climate change; decision support; adaptation; salmon
habitat; stream flow; stream temperature
ID COLUMBIA RIVER-BASIN; JUVENILE CHINOOK SALMON; WESTERN UNITED-STATES;
LARGE WOODY DEBRIS; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; STREAM TEMPERATURE; ECOLOGICAL
PERSPECTIVE; EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; HYPORHEIC
EXCHANGE
AB An important question for salmon restoration efforts in the western USA is How should habitat restoration plans be altered to accommodate climate change effects on stream flow and temperature?' We developed a decision support process for adapting salmon recovery plans that incorporates (1) local habitat factors limiting salmon recovery, (2) scenarios of climate change effects on stream flow and temperature, (3) the ability of restoration actions to ameliorate climate change effects, and (4) the ability of restoration actions to increase habitat diversity and salmon population resilience. To facilitate the use of this decision support framework, we mapped scenarios of future stream flow and temperature in the Pacific Northwest region and reviewed literature on habitat restoration actions to determine whether they ameliorate a climate change effect or increase life history diversity and salmon resilience. Under the climate change scenarios considered here, summer low flows decrease by 35-75% west of the Cascade Mountains, maximum monthly flows increase by 10-60% across most of the region, and stream temperatures increase between 2 and 6 degrees C by 2070-2099. On the basis of our literature review, we found that restoring floodplain connectivity, restoring stream flow regimes, and re-aggrading incised channels are most likely to ameliorate stream flow and temperature changes and increase habitat diversity and population resilience. By contrast, most restoration actions focused on in-stream rehabilitation are unlikely to ameliorate climate change effects. Finally, we illustrate how the decision support process can be used to evaluate whether climate change should alter the types or priority of restoration actions in a salmon habitat restoration plan. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Beechie, T.; Imaki, H.; Greene, J.; Pess, G.; Roni, P.; Kiffney, P.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Wade, A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Natl Ctr Ecol Anal & Synth, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Wu, H.] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Wu, H.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Kimball, J.; Stanford, J.] Univ Montana, Flathead Lake Biol Stn, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Mantua, N.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Beechie, T (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM tim.beechie@noaa.gov
RI Wu, Huan/K-1003-2013
OI Wu, Huan/0000-0003-2920-8860
FU Moore Foundation; National Marine Fisheries Service
FX We thank the Moore Foundation and National Marine Fisheries Service for
providing funding for this research. We also thank Sarah Morley for her
insightful review of the manuscript.
NR 103
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U2 103
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1535-1459
EI 1535-1467
J9 RIVER RES APPL
JI River Res. Appl.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 8
BP 939
EP 960
DI 10.1002/rra.2590
PG 22
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA 232DJ
UT WOS:000325469700001
ER
PT J
AU Perring, AE
Schwarz, JP
Gao, RS
Heymsfield, AJ
Schmitt, CG
Schnaiter, M
Fahey, DW
AF Perring, A. E.
Schwarz, J. P.
Gao, R. S.
Heymsfield, A. J.
Schmitt, C. G.
Schnaiter, M.
Fahey, D. W.
TI Evaluation of a Perpendicular Inlet for Airborne Sampling of
Interstitial Submicron Black-Carbon Aerosol
SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID AIRCRAFT; EFFICIENCY; CLIMATE; CLOUDS; SIZE; PERFORMANCE; SYSTEM
AB The majority of airborne aerosol measurements employ forward-facing inlets with near-isokinetic sampling; these inlets have known artifacts when sampling in clouds such that data taken in cloud must typically be discarded. Here we report first results from a perpendicular inlet for sampling interstitial submicron black-carbon (BC) containing aerosol. The inlet, consisting of a flat plate to stabilize flow prior to perpendicular sampling, was evaluated using a single particle soot photometer (SP2) aboard the NASA WB-57F aircraft during the Midlatitude Airborne Cirrus Properties Experiment (MACPEX) of 2011. The new inlet rejects large particles and is free of aerosol artifacts when sampling in ice clouds while allowing sampling of submicron BC-containing aerosol with the same unit efficiency as a validated isokinetic inlet, thus allowing for airborne sampling of interstitial BC aerosol. Copyright 2013 American Association for Aerosol Research
C1 [Perring, A. E.; Schwarz, J. P.; Gao, R. S.; Fahey, D. W.] NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Perring, A. E.; Schwarz, J. P.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Studies, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Heymsfield, A. J.; Schmitt, C. G.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Schnaiter, M.] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Meteorol & Climate Res, Eggenstein Leopoldshafen, Germany.
RP Perring, AE (reprint author), NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, 325 S Broadway,R CSD6, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM anne.perring@noaa.gov
RI Perring, Anne/G-4597-2013; Schnaiter, Martin/A-2370-2013; schwarz,
joshua/G-4556-2013; Gao, Ru-Shan/H-7455-2013; Schmitt, Carl/P-5490-2015;
Fahey, David/G-4499-2013; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015;
OI Perring, Anne/0000-0003-2231-7503; schwarz, joshua/0000-0002-9123-2223;
Fahey, David/0000-0003-1720-0634; Schmitt, Carl/0000-0003-3829-6970
FU NOAA Atmospheric Chemistry, Carbon Cycle and Climate Program; NASA
Radiation Sciences Program
FX The authors acknowledge the NOAA Atmospheric Chemistry, Carbon Cycle and
Climate Program and the NASA Radiation Sciences Program for funding.
They also thank Paul Lawson for permission to use his 2DS cloud probe
data, and Suresh Dhaniyala for useful discussions.
NR 29
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U1 0
U2 16
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0278-6826
J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH
JI Aerosol Sci. Technol.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 47
IS 10
BP 1066
EP 1072
DI 10.1080/02786826.2013.821196
PG 7
WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences;
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 222JF
UT WOS:000324726300002
ER
PT J
AU Ohata, S
Moteki, N
Schwarz, J
Fahey, D
Kondo, Y
AF Ohata, Sho
Moteki, Nobuhiro
Schwarz, Joshua
Fahey, David
Kondo, Yutaka
TI Evaluation of a Method to Measure Black Carbon Particles Suspended in
Rainwater and Snow Samples
SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID LASER-INDUCED INCANDESCENCE; ELEMENTAL CARBON; SOOT; AEROSOLS; STATE;
AREA
AB We conducted a detailed evaluation of a method for measuring the mass concentrations and size distributions of black carbon (BC) particles in rainwater and snow. The method uses an ultrasonic nebulizer (USN) and a single particle soot photometer (SP2). The USN disperses sample water into micron-size droplets at a constant rate and then dries them to release BC particles into the air. The masses of individual BC particles are measured by the SP2, using the laser-induced incandescence technique. The loss of BC particles during the extraction from liquid water to air depends on their sizes. We determined the size-dependent extraction efficiency using polystyrene latex (PSL) spheres with 12 different diameters between 107 and 1025nm. The PSL concentrations in water were measured by the light extinction at 532nm. The extraction efficiency of the USN showed a broad maximum of about 10% in the diameter range 200-500nm and decreased substantially at larger sizes. The accuracy and reproducibility of the measured mass concentration of BC in sample water after long-term storage were about 25% and +/- 35%, respectively. We tested the method by analyzing rainwater and surface snow samples collected in Okinawa and Sapporo, respectively. The measured number size distributions of BC in these samples showed negligible contributions of BC particles larger than 300nm to the total number of BC particles. A dominant fraction of BC mass in these samples was observed in the diameter range 100-500nm. Copyright 2013 American Association for Aerosol Research
C1 [Ohata, Sho; Moteki, Nobuhiro; Kondo, Yutaka] Univ Tokyo, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Grad Sch Sci, Tokyo 1130033, Japan.
[Schwarz, Joshua; Fahey, David] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Chem Sci Div, Boulder, CO USA.
[Schwarz, Joshua; Fahey, David] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Ohata, S (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Grad Sch Sci, Bunkyo Ku, Hongo 7-3-1, Tokyo 1130033, Japan.
EM ohata@eps.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp
RI schwarz, joshua/G-4556-2013; Kondo, Yutaka/D-1459-2012; Fahey,
David/G-4499-2013; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015
OI schwarz, joshua/0000-0002-9123-2223; Fahey, David/0000-0003-1720-0634;
FU Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (MEXT);
Strategic International Cooperative Program of the Japan Science and
Technology Agency (JST); Global Environment Research Fund of the
Japanese Ministry of the Environment [A-0803, A-1101]; Japan Society for
the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI Grant [246736]; GRENE Arctic
Climate Change Research Project
FX This work was supported by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports,
Science, and Technology (MEXT), the Strategic International Cooperative
Program of the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), the Global
Environment Research Fund of the Japanese Ministry of the Environment
(A-0803 and A-1101), the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
(JSPS) KAKENHI Grant Number 246736, and the GRENE Arctic Climate Change
Research Project. The authors would like to thank T. Mori for laboratory
support. They would also like to thank N. Tomoyose, S. Kadena, and A.
Iwasaki for rainwater sampling at Cape Hedo, and T. Aoki, K. Kuchiki,
and K. Kawamura for snow sampling in Sapporo.
NR 26
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U1 3
U2 23
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0278-6826
EI 1521-7388
J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH
JI Aerosol Sci. Technol.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 47
IS 10
BP 1073
EP 1082
DI 10.1080/02786826.2013.824067
PG 10
WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences;
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 222JF
UT WOS:000324726300003
ER
PT J
AU Li, MD
You, R
Mulholland, GW
Zachariah, MR
AF Li, Mingdong
You, Rian
Mulholland, George W.
Zachariah, Michael R.
TI Evaluating the Mobility of Nanorods in Electric Fields
SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID AEROSOL-PARTICLES; SPHERES; ELECTROSPRAY; DRAG; SHAPE; ORIENTATION;
SIMULATION; FRICTION; REGIME; CHAINS
AB The mobility of a nonspherical particle is a function of both particle shape and orientation. In turn, the higher magnitude of electric field causes nonspherical particles to align more along the field direction, increasing their mobility or decreasing their mobility diameter. In previous works, Li etal. developed a general theory for the orientation-averaged mobility and the dynamic shape factor applicable to any axially symmetric particles in an electric field, and applied it to the specific cases of nanowires and doublets of spheres. In this work, the theory for a nanowire is compared with experimental results of gold nanorods with known shape determined by TEM images. We compare the experimental measured mobility sizes with the theoretical predicted mobility in the continuum, free molecular, and the transition regime. The mobility size shift trends in the electric fields based on our model, expressed both in the free molecular regime and in the transition regime, are in good agreement with the experimental results. For rods of dimension: width d(r) = 17nm and length L-r = 270nm, where one length scale is smaller than the mean free path and one larger, the results clearly show that the flow regime of a slender rod is mostly controlled by the diameter of the rod (i.e., the smallest dimension). In this case, the free molecule transport properties best represented our nanorod. Combining both theory and experiment we show how, by evaluating the mobility as a function of applied electric field, we can extract both rod length and diameter. Copyright 2013 American Association for Aerosol Research
C1 [Li, Mingdong; You, Rian; Mulholland, George W.; Zachariah, Michael R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Li, Mingdong; You, Rian; Mulholland, George W.; Zachariah, Michael R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Li, Mingdong; You, Rian; Mulholland, George W.; Zachariah, Michael R.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Zachariah, MR (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, 2125 Martin Hall, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM mrz@umd.edu
RI Li, Mingdong/G-6957-2014
OI Li, Mingdong/0000-0001-5890-7156
NR 30
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U1 3
U2 34
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0278-6826
J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH
JI Aerosol Sci. Technol.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 47
IS 10
BP 1101
EP 1107
DI 10.1080/02786826.2013.819565
PG 7
WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences;
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 222JF
UT WOS:000324726300006
ER
PT J
AU Nold, SC
Bellecourt, MJ
Kendall, ST
Ruberg, SA
Sanders, TG
Klump, JV
Biddanda, BA
AF Nold, Stephen C.
Bellecourt, Michael J.
Kendall, Scott T.
Ruberg, Steven A.
Sanders, T. Garrison
Klump, J. Val
Biddanda, Bopaiah A.
TI Underwater sinkhole sediments sequester Lake Huron's carbon
SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Carbon; Cyanobacterial mat; Plankton; Sediment; Sinkhole; Stable
isotopes
ID SUBMARINE GROUNDWATER DISCHARGE; DISSOLVED INORGANIC CARBON; FOOD-WEB
STRUCTURE; ORGANIC-MATTER; ISOTOPE FRACTIONATION; SUBMERGED SINKHOLE;
CYANOBACTERIAL MAT; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; STABLE-ISOTOPES; WATER
AB Lake Huron's submerged sinkhole habitats are impacted by high-conductivity groundwater that allows photosynthetic cyanobacterial mats to form over thick, carbon-rich sediments. To better understand nutrient cycling in these habitats, we measured the stable isotopic content of carbon and nitrogen in organic and inorganic carbon pools in Middle Island sinkhole, a similar to 23 m deep feature influenced by both groundwater and overlying lake water. Two distinct sources of dissolved CO2 (DIC) were available to primary producers. Lake water DIC (delta C-13 = -0.1 aEuro degrees) differed by +5.9 aEuro degrees from groundwater DIC (delta C-13 = -6.0 aEuro degrees). Organic carbon fixed by primary producers reflected the two DIC sources. Phytoplankton utilizing lake water DIC were more enriched in C-13 (delta C-13 = -22.2 to -23.2 aEuro degrees) than mat cyanobacteria utilizing groundwater DIC (delta C-13 = -26.3 to -30.0 aEuro degrees). Sinkhole sediments displayed an isotopic signature (delta C-13 = -23.1 aEuro degrees) more similar to sedimenting phytoplankton than the cyanobacterial mat. Corroborated by sediment C/N ratios, these data suggest that the carbon deposited in sinkhole sediments originates primarily from planktonic rather than benthic sources. Pb-210/Cs-137 radiodating suggests rapid sediment accumulation and sub-bottom imaging indicated a massive deposit of organic carbon beneath the sediment surface. We conclude that submerged sinkholes may therefore act as nutrient sinks within the larger lake ecosystem.
C1 [Nold, Stephen C.; Bellecourt, Michael J.] Univ Wisconsin Stout, Menomonie, WI 54751 USA.
[Kendall, Scott T.; Biddanda, Bopaiah A.] Grand Valley State Univ, Annis Water Resources Inst, Muskegon, MI 49441 USA.
[Ruberg, Steven A.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48018 USA.
[Sanders, T. Garrison] Crooked River Watershed Council, Prineville, OR 97754 USA.
[Klump, J. Val] Univ Wisconsin, Great Lakes WATER Inst, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
RP Nold, SC (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin Stout, 410 10th Ave East, Menomonie, WI 54751 USA.
EM nolds@uwstout.edu
OI Ruberg, Steven/0000-0001-8809-5689
FU National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration Office of Ocean
Exploration [NA07OAR4320006]; National Science Foundation [MCB-0604158,
MCB-0603944]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the excellent dive support teams who
collected water and sediment samples: Russ Green, Joe Hoyt, Tane
Casserly, and Wayne Lusardi from the NOAA's Thunder Bay National Marine
Sanctuary. This work is supported by Grants from the National
Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration Office of Ocean Exploration
(NA07OAR4320006 to SAR), and the National Science Foundation
(MCB-0604158 to SCN and MCB-0603944 to BAB).
NR 69
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 4
U2 27
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-2563
J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
JI Biogeochemistry
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 115
IS 1-3
BP 235
EP 250
DI 10.1007/s10533-013-9830-8
PG 16
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA 227MH
UT WOS:000325116700015
ER
PT J
AU Odum, JK
Stephenson, WJ
Williams, RA
von Hillebrandt-Andrade, C
AF Odum, Jack K.
Stephenson, William J.
Williams, Robert A.
von Hillebrandt-Andrade, Christa
TI VS30 and Spectral Response from Collocated Shallow, Active-, and
Passive-Source V-S Data at 27 Sites in Puerto Rico
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID SHEAR-WAVE VELOCITY; SAN-FRANCISCO-BAY; GROUND-MOTION; VIRGIN-ISLANDS;
LOCAL GEOLOGY; EARTHQUAKE; CALIFORNIA; AMPLIFICATION; WASHINGTON;
SEATTLE
AB Shear-wave velocity (VS) and time-averaged shear-wave velocity to 30 m depth (VS30) are the key parameters used in seismic site response modeling and earthquake engineering design. Where VS data are limited, available data are often used to develop and refine map-based proxy models of VS30 for predicting ground-motion intensities. In this paper, we present shallow VS data from 27 sites in Puerto Rico. These data were acquired using a multimethod acquisition approach consisting of noninvasive, collocated, active-source body-wave (refraction/reflection), active-source surface wave at nine sites, and passive-source surface-wave refraction microtremor (ReMi) techniques. VS-versus-depth models are constructed and used to calculate spectral response plots for each site. Factors affecting method reliability are analyzed with respect to site-specific differences in bedrock VS and spectral response. At many but not all sites, body-and surface-wave methods generally determine similar depths to bedrock, and it is the difference in bedrock VS that influences site amplification. The predicted resonant frequencies for the majority of the sites are observed to be within a relatively narrow bandwidth of 1-3.5 Hz. For a first-order comparison of peak frequency position, predictive spectral response plots from eight sites are plotted along with seismograph instrument spectra derived from the time series of the 16 May 2010 Puerto Rico earthquake. We show how a multimethod acquisition approach using collocated arrays compliments and corroborates VS results, thus adding confidence that reliable site characterization information has been obtained.
C1 [Odum, Jack K.; Stephenson, William J.; Williams, Robert A.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[von Hillebrandt-Andrade, Christa] NOAA NWS CTWP, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA.
RP Odum, JK (reprint author), US Geol Survey, POB 25046,MS-966, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
FU Puerto Rico Seismic Network; Puerto Rico Strong Motion Program
FX We wish to thank Eugenio Asencio, the students from the University of
Puerto Rico-Mayaguez geophysics and engineering classes, and the staff
of PRSN-Mayaguez for their generous contributions of time, effort, and
enthusiasm during the data acquisition phase of this study. Without
their efforts in the field, let alone the endurance of long van rides
and early morning departures on weekends, the collection of data would
have been far less enjoyable! The U.S. Geological Survey also would like
to recognize the financial support provided by Puerto Rico Seismic
Network and Puerto Rico Strong Motion Program, which made this two year
study possible. The authors would like to thank Dan McNamara, Alan Yong,
and Chuck Mueller, who provided constructive recommendations that have
improved this manuscript. We also wish to thank two anonymous reviewers
for their comments and constructive recommendations. Any use of trade,
firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
represent a product endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 56
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 6
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 103
IS 5
BP 2709
EP 2728
DI 10.1785/0120120349
PG 20
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 225TU
UT WOS:000324986700012
ER
PT J
AU Keefer, ML
Caudill, CC
Clabough, TS
Jepson, MA
Johnson, EL
Peery, CA
Higgs, MD
Moser, ML
AF Keefer, Matthew L.
Caudill, Christopher C.
Clabough, Tami S.
Jepson, Michael A.
Johnson, Eric L.
Peery, Christopher A.
Higgs, Megan D.
Moser, Mary L.
TI Fishway passage bottleneck identification and prioritization: a case
study of Pacific lamprey at Bonneville Dam
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID ADULT CHINOOK SALMON; LOWER COLUMBIA RIVER; VERTICAL-SLOT; HABITAT
FRAGMENTATION; SWIMMING PERFORMANCE; LAMPETRA-TRIDENTATA; SPAWNING
MIGRATION; PETROMYZON-MARINUS; VELOCITY BARRIERS; SNAKE RIVER
AB Fishways designed for salmonids often restrict passage by non-salmonids, and effective tools are needed both to identify passage problems for nontarget species and to inform remediation planning. In this case study, we used migration histories from 2170 radio-tagged adult Pacific lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus) to identify locations of poor passage bottlenecks) at a large, multifishway dam. Over 10 years, 49% of tagged lamprey that entered fishways failed to pass the dam. Models accounting for repeated attempts by individual lamprey indicated successful passage strongly depended on attempted passage route. Success also varied with time of fishway entry, water temperature, and lamprey body size. Most failed passage attempts terminated in lower fishway segments, but extensive seasonal shifts in bottleneck locations were detected. Ranking metrics helped prioritize bottlenecks and identified sites where structural or operational modifications should improve lamprey passage. Our integration of spatially intensive monitoring with novel analytical techniques was critical to understanding the complex relationships among fishway features, environmental variation, and lamprey behavior. The prioritization framework can be applied to a wide range of fish passage assessments.
C1 [Keefer, Matthew L.; Caudill, Christopher C.; Clabough, Tami S.; Jepson, Michael A.; Johnson, Eric L.] Univ Idaho, Coll Nat Resources, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Peery, Christopher A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Idaho Fisheries Resource Off, Orofino, ID 83544 USA.
[Higgs, Megan D.] Montana State Univ, Dept Math Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Moser, Mary L.] NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Keefer, ML (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Coll Nat Resources, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
EM mkeefer@uidaho.edu
RI Caudill, Christopher/M-7906-2014
FU The US Army Corps of Engineers
FX We thank W. Daigle, T. Dick, B. Ho, D. Joosten, S. Lee, M. Morasch, C.
Noyes, D. Ogden, D. Quaempts, P. Peterson, R. Ringe, and K. Tolotti
(University of Idaho) and P. Ocker, W. Cavendar, D. Ogden, and H.
Pennington (Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission) for assistance
with lamprey collection and tagging and antenna construction,
installation, and maintenance. J. Simonson, R. Marr, and I. Wilbert
(NOAA Fisheries) fabricated and installed lamprey traps used in this
study. B. Burke and K. Frick (NOAA Fisheries) helped with radiotelemetry
database maintenance and interpretation. We also thank the staff of
Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission's Kennewick Field Office,
especially D. Chase and D. Warf. The US Army Corps of Engineers provided
funding for these studies; we thank D. Clugston, B. Eby, D. Fryer, M.
Langeslay, M. Plummer, and S. Tackley. Administrative assistance was
provided by T. Bjornn, D. Dey, K. Johnson, P. McAteer, R. Poulin, T.
Ruehle, and L. Stuehrenberg.
NR 62
TC 10
Z9 12
U1 10
U2 54
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 10
BP 1551
EP 1565
DI 10.1139/cjfas-2013-0164
PG 15
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 229MS
UT WOS:000325270800012
ER
PT J
AU Jacobson, LD
McClatchie, S
AF Jacobson, Larry D.
McClatchie, Sam
TI Comment on temperature-dependent stock-recruit modeling for Pacific
sardine (Sardinops sagax) in Jacobson and MacCall (1995), McClatchie et
al. (2010), and Lindegren and Checkley (2013)
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Jacobson, Larry D.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[McClatchie, Sam] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Jacobson, LD (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM Larry.Jacobson@NOAA.gov
NR 11
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 10
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 10
BP 1566
EP 1569
DI 10.1139/cjfas-2013-0128
PG 4
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 229MS
UT WOS:000325270800013
ER
PT J
AU Leslie, HM
Goldman, E
Mcleod, KL
Sievanen, L
Balasubramanian, H
Cudney-Bueno, R
Feuerstein, A
Knowlton, N
Lee, K
Pollnac, R
Samhouri, JF
AF Leslie, Heather M.
Goldman, Erica
Mcleod, Karen L.
Sievanen, Leila
Balasubramanian, Hari
Cudney-Bueno, Richard
Feuerstein, Amanda
Knowlton, Nancy
Lee, Kai
Pollnac, Richard
Samhouri, Jameal F.
TI How Good Science and Stories Can Go Hand-In-Hand
SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID GULF-OF-CALIFORNIA; CONSERVATION SCIENCE; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES;
BIODIVERSITY
C1 [Leslie, Heather M.] Brown Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
[Leslie, Heather M.; Sievanen, Leila] Brown Univ, Ctr Environm Studies, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
[Goldman, Erica] COMPASS, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Mcleod, Karen L.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Zool, COMPASS, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Balasubramanian, Hari] Conservat Int, Arlington, VA 22202 USA.
[Cudney-Bueno, Richard; Lee, Kai] David & Lucile Packard Fdn, Los Altos, CA 94022 USA.
[Feuerstein, Amanda; Knowlton, Nancy] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Pollnac, Richard] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Marine Affairs, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[Samhouri, Jameal F.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Conservat Biol Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Balasubramanian, Hari] EcoAdvisors, Halifax, NS B3H 3K6, Canada.
RP Leslie, HM (reprint author), Brown Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
EM heather_leslie@brown.edu
OI Leslie, Heather/0000-0003-4512-9417
FU Helen R. Whiteley Center at University of Washington's Friday Harbor
Laboratories; David and Lucile Packard Foundation
FX We acknowledge the hospitality and support of the Helen R. Whiteley
Center at University of Washington's Friday Harbor Laboratories, where
we first began our conversations on the topic. We also thank O. Aburto,
J. Castro, and many others associated with Cabo Pulmo who graciously
shared their stories with us (H. L. and L. S.). We thank the editor and
two anonymous reviewers for their comments on an earlier version of this
manuscript. The workshop was facilitated by COMPASS and funding was
provided by The David and Lucile Packard Foundation through grants to J.
Lubchenco, S. Levin, and H.L.
NR 24
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 7
U2 41
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0888-8892
J9 CONSERV BIOL
JI Conserv. Biol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 27
IS 5
BP 1126
EP 1129
DI 10.1111/cobi.12080
PG 4
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 224ZJ
UT WOS:000324931700028
PM 23692176
ER
PT J
AU Jannot, JE
Holland, DS
AF Jannot, Jason E.
Holland, Daniel S.
TI Identifying ecological and fishing drivers of bycatch in a U.S.
groundfish fishery
SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE bycatch; delta model; ecological management; fishery observer; fishery
survey; fishing operations; spatial effects; U; S; west coast groundfish
fishery
ID BY-CATCH; MANAGEMENT
AB Fisheries bycatch is driven by both ecological (e.g., area, season) and social (e.g., fisher behavior) factors that are often difficult to disentangle. We demonstrate a method for comparing fishery-dependent bycatch to fishery-independent catch to delineate the influence of ecological and social factors on bycatch and provide insights for bycatch management. We used data from commercial fishing vessels in the U.S. west coast trawl groundfish fishery (fishery-dependent data collected by fisheries observers) and scientific data from the U.S. west coast bottom trawl groundfish survey (fishery-independent data) to compare the relative effects of season, time of day, target group, depth, and latitude on the expected catch of 12 bycatch species of management interest. This comparison highlights two important relationships that help identify drivers of bycatch. First, when the effect of season, time of day, depth, or latitude on bycatch in both the commercial and scientific data is positive, ecological processes are likely strong drivers of bycatch, suggesting technical approaches (e.g., temporal or spatial closures, gear modifications) might effectively control bycatch. Alternatively, when the effects of season, time of day, depth, latitude, or target group appear only in the commercial data (but not in survey data), fisher behavior is likely the stronger driver of bycatch, suggesting a need to strengthen incentives for fishers to change behavior to avoid bycatch (e.g., regulatory quotas). Two other patterns emerge that suggest that fishery bycatch is not associated with temporal, target, or spatial variables, implying that either current incentives to avoid bycatch are working (i.e., when survey expected catch is positively correlated with variables, but fishery catch is not) or bycatch is a product of unstudied or stochastic processes (i.e., variables are not correlated with expected catch in either data set) and continued monitoring is recommended. Our analysis provides managers and fishers with a basic analytical framework to assess bycatch reduction alternatives and methods useful for researchers interested in comparing bycatch before and after a management shift.
C1 [Jannot, Jason E.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Resource & Anal Div, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Holland, Daniel S.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Conservat Biol Div, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Jannot, JE (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Resource & Anal Div, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM Jason.Jannot@noaa.gov
OI Holland, Daniel/0000-0002-4493-859X
NR 16
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 23
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1051-0761
J9 ECOL APPL
JI Ecol. Appl.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 23
IS 7
BP 1645
EP 1658
DI 10.1890/12-2225.1
PG 14
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 227FW
UT WOS:000325097300010
PM 24261046
ER
PT J
AU Golding, J
Steer, CD
Hibbeln, JR
Emmett, PM
Lowery, T
Jones, R
AF Golding, Jean
Steer, Colin D.
Hibbeln, Joseph R.
Emmett, Pauline M.
Lowery, Tony
Jones, Robert
TI Dietary Predictors of Maternal Prenatal Blood Mercury Levels in the
ALSPAC Birth Cohort Study
SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
LA English
DT Article
ID UK TOTAL DIET; METHYLMERCURY EXPOSURE; CHILD-DEVELOPMENT; FISH
CONSUMPTION; REACTION CELL; ICP-MS; POPULATION; CADMIUM; FOOD; AGE
AB BACKGROUND: Very high levels of prenatal maternal mercury have adverse effects on the developing fetal brain. It has been suggested that all possible sources of mercury should be avoided. However, although seafood is a known source of mercury, little is known about other dietary components that contribute to the overall levels of blood mercury.
OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to quantify the contribution of components of maternal diet to prenatal blood mercury level.
METHODS: Whole blood samples and information on diet and sociodemographic factors were collected from pregnant women (n = 4,484) enrolled in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). The blood samples were assayed for total mercury using inductively coupled plasma dynamic reaction cell mass spectrometry. Linear regression was used to estimate the relative contributions of 103 dietary variables and 6 sociodemographic characteristics to whole blood total mercury levels (TBM; untransformed and log-transformed) based on R-2 values.
RESULTS: We estimated that maternal diet accounted for 19.8% of the total variation in ln-TBM, with 44% of diet-associated variability (8.75% of the total variation) associated with seafood consumption (white fish, oily fish, and shellfish). Other dietary components positively associated with TBM included wine and herbal teas, and components with significant negative associations included white bread, meat pies or pasties, and french fries.
CONCLUSIONS: Although seafood is a source of dietary mercury, seafood appeared to explain a relatively small proportion of the variation in TBM in our UK study population. Our findings require confirmation, but suggest that limiting seafood intake during pregnancy may have a limited impact on prenatal blood mercury levels.
C1 [Golding, Jean; Steer, Colin D.; Emmett, Pauline M.] Univ Bristol, Ctr Child & Adolescent Hlth, Bristol, Avon, England.
[Hibbeln, Joseph R.] NIAAA, NIH, US Dept HHS, Bethesda, MD USA.
[Lowery, Tony] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Natl Seafood Inspect Lab, Pascagoula, MS USA.
[Jones, Robert] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Inorgan & Radiat Analyt Toxicol Branch, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Golding, J (reprint author), Sch Social & Community Med, Ctr Child & Adolescent Hlth, Oakfield House,Oakfield Rd, Bristol BS8 2BN, Avon, England.
EM jean.golding@bristol.ac.uk
OI Emmett, Pauline/0000-0003-1076-4779; Golding, Jean/0000-0003-2826-3307
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); Intramural
Research Program of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and
Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health (NIH)
FX The UK Medical Research Council (MRC), the Wellcome Trust, and the
University of Bristol currently provide core support for ALSPAC. The
assays of the maternal blood samples were carried out at the Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention with funding from the National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and the statistical analyses were
carried out in Bristol with funding from NOAA and support from the
Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse
and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health (NIH).
NR 45
TC 26
Z9 28
U1 3
U2 35
PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE
PI RES TRIANGLE PK
PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233,
RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA
SN 0091-6765
J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP
JI Environ. Health Perspect.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 121
IS 10
BP 1214
EP 1218
DI 10.1289/ehp.1206115
PG 5
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 227YU
UT WOS:000325152400026
PM 23811414
ER
PT J
AU Burgess, SC
Waples, RS
Baskett, ML
AF Burgess, Scott C.
Waples, Robin S.
Baskett, Marissa L.
TI LOCAL ADAPTATION WHEN COMPETITION DEPENDS ON PHENOTYPIC SIMILARITY
SO EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Dispersal; disruptive selection; ecological character displacement;
frequency-dependent selection; migration-selection balance; niche
partitioning; quantitative genetics
ID ECOLOGICAL CHARACTER DISPLACEMENT; QUANTITATIVE GENETIC MODELS;
NATURAL-SELECTION; INTRASPECIFIC COMPETITION; STABILIZING SELECTION;
ENVIRONMENTAL GRADIENTS; DISRUPTIVE SELECTION; SYMPATRIC SPECIATION;
POPULATION-DYNAMICS; ADAPTIVE DIVERGENCE
AB Recent work incorporating demographic-genetic interactions indicates the importance of population size, gene flow, and selection in influencing local adaptation. This work typically assumes that density-dependent survival affects individuals equally, but individuals in natural population rarely compete equally. Among-individual differences in resource use generate stronger competition between more similar phenotypes (frequency-dependent competition) but it remains unclear how this additional form of selection changes the interactions between population size, gene flow, and local stabilizing selection. Here, we integrate migration-selection dynamics with frequency-dependent competition. We developed a coupled demographic-quantitative genetic model consisting of two patches connected by dispersal and subject to local stabilizing selection and competition. Our model shows that frequency-dependent competition slightly increases local adaptation, greatly increases genetic variance within patches, and reduces the amount that migration depresses population size, despite the increased genetic variance load. The effects of frequency-dependence depend on the strength of divergent selection, trait heritability, and when mortality occurs in the life cycle in relation to migration and reproduction. Essentially, frequency-dependent competition reduces the density-dependent interactions between migrants and residents, the extent to which depends on how different and common immigrants are compared to residents. Our results add new dynamics that illustrate how competition can alter the effects of gene flow and divergent selection on local adaptation and population carrying capacities.
C1 [Burgess, Scott C.] Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Populat Biol, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Waples, Robin S.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA USA.
[Baskett, Marissa L.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Burgess, SC (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Populat Biol, Dept Ecol & Evolut, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM scburgess@ucdavis.edu
RI Baskett, Marissa/P-1762-2014; Waples, Robin/K-1126-2016
OI Baskett, Marissa/0000-0001-6102-1110;
FU National Science Foundation Award [DEB-0918984]; UC Davis Center for
Population Biology Postdoctoral Fellowship
FX The authors greatly appreciate the comments and feedback provided by O.
Ronce and three anonymous reviewers, which greatly improved the final
manuscript. D. Bolnick, R. Gomulkiewicz, A. Sih, and J. Ashander
provided valuable comments on earlier versions of the manuscript that
also contributed significantly to the final version. J. Tufto kindly
provided R code that helped with performing the Fourier transformations
and other aspects of the model. Funding support for this work was
provided by National Science Foundation Award #DEB-0918984 to MLB. SCB
was also supported by the UC Davis Center for Population Biology
Postdoctoral Fellowship. All authors declare no conflict of interest.
NR 63
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 64
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0014-3820
J9 EVOLUTION
JI Evolution
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 67
IS 10
BP 3012
EP 3022
DI 10.1111/evo.12176
PG 11
WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics &
Heredity
GA 229IC
UT WOS:000325255100019
PM 24094350
ER
PT J
AU Dorner, B
Holt, KR
Peterman, RM
Jordan, C
Larsen, DP
Olsen, AR
Abdul-Aziz, OI
AF Dorner, Brigitte
Holt, Kendra R.
Peterman, Randall M.
Jordan, Chris
Larsen, David P.
Olsen, Anthony R.
Abdul-Aziz, Omar I.
TI Evaluating alternative methods for monitoring and estimating responses
of salmon productivity in the North Pacific to future climatic change
and other processes: A simulation study
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Salmon monitoring; Climate change; Confounding; Sampling design;
Productivity changes; Stock assessment; Ocean conditions
ID ONCORHYNCHUS-SPP.; SURVIVAL RATES; ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES; MODELS;
STOCKS; OCEAN; TEMPERATURE; RECRUITMENT; POPULATIONS; MANAGEMENT
AB We used empirically based simulation modelling of 48 sockeye salmon (O. nerka) populations to examine how reliably alternative monitoring designs and fish stock assessment methods can distinguish between changes in density-dependent versus density-independent components of productivity and identify the relative contribution of a climate-driven covariate. We explored a wide range of scenarios for ocean and freshwater conditions and the response of salmon productivity (adult recruits per spawner) to those conditions. Our results show that stock assessments based on historical relationships between salmon productivity and climate-driven oceanographic conditions will likely perform poorly when those relationships change, even when such changes are anticipated and incorporated into stock assessment models in a timely manner. Estimating the relative importance of climate-driven oceanographic influences as a driver of sockeye productivity will be difficult, especially ilclimatic changes occur rapidly and concurrently with other disturbances. Thus, better understanding of the mechanisms by which climatic changes and other drivers influence salmon productivity may be essential to avoid undesirable management outcomes. As well, an expansion of monitoring of juvenile salmon abundances on more salmon stocks is needed to help distinguish the effects of different drivers. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Dorner, Brigitte; Holt, Kendra R.; Peterman, Randall M.] Simon Fraser Univ, Sch Resource & Environm Management, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
[Dorner, Brigitte] Gen Delivery, Lasqueti Isl, BC V0R 2J0, Canada.
[Jordan, Chris] US EPA, NOAA Fisheries, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
[Larsen, David P.] US EPA, Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commiss, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
[Olsen, Anthony R.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
[Abdul-Aziz, Omar I.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Dorner, B (reprint author), Simon Fraser Univ, Sch Resource & Environm Management, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
EM bdorner@driftwoodcove.ca; kendra.holt@dfo-mpo.gc.ca; peterman@sfu.ca;
chris.jordan@noaa.gov; larsen.phil@epa.gov; olsen.tony@epa.gov;
oabdulaz@fiu.edu
FU Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (Palo Alto, California); Canada
Research Chairs Program (Ottawa); Natural Sciences and Engineering
Research Council of Canada
FX Major funding for this work came from the Gordon and Betty Moore
Foundation (Palo Alto, California) through a grant administered by Erica
Fleishman through the National Center for Ecological Analysis and
Synthesis (NCEAS) in Santa Barbara, California. Additional funds were
provided by the Canada Research Chairs Program (Ottawa) and the Natural
Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. We are also
grateful to Simon Fraser University and WestGrid for providing the
high-performance computing resources required to conduct this research.
Brendan Connors, Michael Malick, and two anonymous reviewers provided
useful feedback on previous drafts of this manuscript.
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JI Fish Res.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 147
BP 10
EP 23
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2013.03.017
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SC Fisheries
GA 228MW
UT WOS:000325191900002
ER
PT J
AU Wells, RJD
Kohin, S
Teo, SLH
Snodgrass, OE
Uosaki, K
AF Wells, R. J. David
Kohin, Suzanne
Teo, Steven L. H.
Snodgrass, Owyn E.
Uosaki, Koji
TI Age and growth of North Pacific albacore (Thunnus alalunga):
Implications for stock assessment
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Albacore; Thunnus alalunga; Otoliths; Fin spines; Length frequency
ID SOUTHERN BLUEFIN TUNA; LENGTH-FREQUENCY; YELLOWFIN TUNA; TAGGING DATA;
BIGEYE TUNA; INCREMENTS; MIGRATION; ALBACARES; MACCOYII; ATLANTIC
AB Accurate estimates of age and growth parameters are important for fisheries management because these values affect stock assessment models. Age and growth of North Pacific albacore (Thunnus alalunga) was assessed by examining annual growth increments in sagittal otoliths from 486 fish collected in different regions of the North Pacific Ocean. A wide size range of albacore (52-128 cm fork length, FL) was collected in an attempt to incorporate size-at-age information over juvenile, sub-adult, and adult life history stages. Overall, ages ranged from 1 to 15 years, with the majority of fish between 2 and 4 years of age. Growth models fit otolith-based size-at-age well, and Akaike's Information Criterion corrected for small sample size indicated that the specialized von Bertalanffy (VB) model provided the best fit. The estimated biological parameters of the specialized VB model were L-infinity = 124.1 cm FL, K = 0.164 year(-1), and t(0) = -2.239. Daily ages were also determined and verified correct age-1 assignments for fish 55-61 cm FL, with daily ages ranging from 378 to 505 days. In addition, dorsal fin spines and length frequency (LF) analysis were used to obtain estimates of size-at-age and corroborated results from otolith-based techniques. Modeling exercises resulted in nearly an order of magnitude difference in spawning stock biomass (SSB) when comparing growth parameters obtained from this study relative to previous stock assessment models of North Pacific albacore. Results suggest North Pacific albacore is a relatively long lived tuna species and provide updated biological parameters useful for future stock assessment models. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wells, R. J. David] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Marine Biol, Galveston, TX 77553 USA.
[Kohin, Suzanne; Teo, Steven L. H.; Snodgrass, Owyn E.] NOAA, Fisheries Resources Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Uosaki, Koji] Natl Res Inst Far Seas Fisheries, Shimizu Ku, Shizuoka 4248633, Japan.
RP Wells, RJD (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Marine Biol, 1001 Texas Clipper Rd, Galveston, TX 77553 USA.
EM wellsr@tamug.edu
FU NOAA Fisheries National Cooperative Research Program
FX This project was in part funded through the NOAA Fisheries National
Cooperative Research Program. We thank the American Albacore Fishing
Association (AAFA) and American Fishermen's Research Foundation (AFRF)
and all the captains and crew for providing samples necessary for this
project. In addition, support from the Sportfishing Association of
California and the Honolulu Fish Auction allowed personnel to acquire
samples. Central Pacific samples were acquired with the assistance of N.
Aberilla, K. Bigelow, B. Humphreys, D. Itano, J. Rooker, B. Takenaka and
K. Underkoffler. Lastly, we thank R. Barabe for assistance with the
processing of fin spines.
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PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 147
BP 55
EP 62
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2013.05.001
PG 8
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SC Fisheries
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UT WOS:000325191900007
ER
PT J
AU Taylor, IG
Gertseva, V
Matson, SE
AF Taylor, Ian G.
Gertseva, Vladlena
Matson, Sean E.
TI Spine-based ageing methods in the spiny dogfish shark, Squalus suckleyi:
How they measure up
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Spiny dogfish shark; Northeast Pacific Ocean; Dorsal spine; Ageing
method; Stock assessment
ID NORTHEAST PACIFIC-OCEAN; AGE-DETERMINATION; LIFE-HISTORY; ACANTHIAS;
GROWTH; VALIDATION; SELECTION; VARIABILITY; STRATEGIES; SEBASTES
AB The second dorsal spine has historically been used for age determination in the spiny dogfish shark. The dorsal spines are located on the external surface of the body and are subjected to natural wear and breakage. Two methods have been developed to account for the worn portion of the spine and extrapolate the lost annuli. We compared the performance of these methods using a large data collection assembled from multiple sources, and evaluated their utility for stock assessment and management of the spiny dogfish shark Squalus suckleyi in the Northeast Pacific Ocean. Our results showed that the two methods produced very different age estimates for older fish with worn spines. Both methods raised significant questions about some aspects of the age estimates produced, and further exploration of techniques to account for worn spine annuli is needed. It is therefore important to develop alternative methods for shark age determination, including those using stained vertebrae. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Taylor, Ian G.; Gertseva, Vladlena] NOAA, Fishery Resource Anal & Monitoring Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Matson, Sean E.] NOAA, Sustainable Fisheries Div, Northwest Reg Off, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Taylor, IG (reprint author), NOAA, Fishery Resource Anal & Monitoring Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM Ian.Taylor@noaa.gov; Vladlena.Gertseva@noaa.gov; Sean.Matson@noaa.gov
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J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 147
BP 83
EP 92
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2013.04.011
PG 10
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SC Fisheries
GA 228MW
UT WOS:000325191900010
ER
PT J
AU Bellman, MA
Heery, E
AF Bellman, Marlene A.
Heery, Eliza
TI Discarding and fishing mortality trends in the US west coast groundfish
demersal trawl fishery
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Bycatch; Trawl; Fishing effort; Ratio estimation; Individual Fishing
Quota
ID MANAGEMENT; ROCKFISH
AB Quantifying discarded catch is needed to guide effective fishery management and recognize the unintended impacts of fishing; ultimately to promote a more sustainable fishery. To understand fishing mortality prior to the establishment of an IFQ management system, we provide estimates of discarded and total catch (sum of discard and landings) in the U.S. west coast groundfish demersal trawl fishery from 2002 to 2009. West Coast Groundfish Observer Program (WCGOP) data were expanded to fleet-level discard estimates using a ratio estimator. Total estimated discard in the fishery declined by 52% across the study period. On average, 29% of the annual groundfish catch was discarded at-sea. A high proportion of catch was discarded during 2002, but subsequently overall discard decreased even though fishing effort (landings and trawl tow hours) increased in the fishery from 2004 to 2009. The largest components of discard (by weight) were Pacific hake (Merluccius productus), arrowtooth flounder (Atheresthes stomias), skates (Rajidae sp.) and spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias). In 2009 relative to 2002, the discarded fraction of catch for rebuilding species, which constrain the fishery, had increased by 39%. In contrast, the discarded fraction of catch for target species had decreased by 24%. In addition, much of the fishing effort shifted to deeper waters. Our results represent a baseline for future comparisons as the fishery shifted from trip limit management to an Individual Fishing Quota (IFQ) program in 2011. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Bellman, Marlene A.] NOAA, Fishery Resource Anal & Monitoring Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Heery, Eliza] Univ Washington, Dept Biol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Bellman, MA (reprint author), NOAA, Fishery Resource Anal & Monitoring Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM marlene.bellman@noaa.gov
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PI AMSTERDAM
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J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 147
BP 115
EP 126
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2013.04.007
PG 12
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 228MW
UT WOS:000325191900013
ER
PT J
AU Chang, SK
DiNardo, G
Farley, J
Brodziak, J
Yuan, ZL
AF Chang, Shui-Kai
DiNardo, Gerard
Farley, Jessica
Brodziak, Jon
Yuan, Zih-Lun
TI Possible stock structure of dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus) in Taiwan
coastal waters and globally based on reviews of growth parameters
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Review
DE Dolphinfish; Growth performance index; von Bertalanffy growth function;
Simultaneous confidence region; Stock structure
ID WESTERN CENTRAL ATLANTIC; EAST-CHINA SEA; NORTH-CAROLINA;
REPRODUCTIVE-BIOLOGY; PACIFIC-OCEAN; AGE; FISH; POPULATION; GULF;
MANAGEMENT
AB Dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus) is used by many coastal countries. Sustaining harvest of this resource will require cooperation among fishing countries in each region, and determining population structure is paramount to ensuring effective management. Examining life-history parameters (such as growth rate) is a useful and relatively inexpensive method for identifying possible stock units, which can be subsequently confirmed by other methods. The purpose of this study is two-fold. First, we examine the two-stock assumption for Taiwanese dolphinfish and the reliability of estimated growth curves based on seasonally-stratified growth performance indices. The von Bertalanffy growth functions (VBGF) were firstly estimated from 2005 to 2009 length frequency sample data of eastern and southern coasts of Taiwan. New growth performance indices were then calculated from the log-transformed parameters of the VBGF and examined by a simultaneous confidence region (SCR) under the assumption of bivariate normal distribution. Second, we summarize VBGF parameter estimates from all regions worldwide and based on the growth parameters and performance indices, review the possible stock structures and the reliability of growth estimations for dolphinfish. The results support a single-stock hypothesis for dolphinfish in the Kuroshio Current off Taiwan with new estimated VBGF parameters of L-infinity = 149.4 cm and K = 0.72 year(-1). Some potentially biased estimates of dolphinfish growth parameters are identified in the worldwide VBGF dataset and are suggested for further investigations. Excluding these estimates, the results indicate at least a five-stock structure in the Pacific and the Atlantic oceans. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Chang, Shui-Kai; Yuan, Zih-Lun] Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Inst Marine Affairs, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan.
[DiNardo, Gerard; Brodziak, Jon] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96816 USA.
[Farley, Jessica] CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Res, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia.
RP Chang, SK (reprint author), Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Inst Marine Affairs, 70 Lien Hai Rd, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan.
EM skchang@faculty.nsysu.edu.tw
RI Farley, Jessica/E-4957-2014;
OI Chang, Shui-Kai/0000-0003-2929-1510
FU NOAA [NFFR7400-11-04742, NFFR7400-12-03755]; Asia-Pacific Ocean Research
Centre, National Sun Yat-sen University
FX We appreciate the constructive comments made by Dr. Simon Hoyle of the
Secretariat of the Pacific Community and Dr. Paige Eveson of the CSIRO
Marine & Atmospheric Research on the manuscript. We also greatly
appreciate the exhaustive comments and efforts made by the two anonymous
reviewers. Financial support for the research was provided by NOAA
contracts NFFR7400-11-04742 and NFFR7400-12-03755, and partially by the
Asia-Pacific Ocean Research Centre, National Sun Yat-sen University.
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J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 147
BP 127
EP 136
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2013.05.003
PG 10
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SC Fisheries
GA 228MW
UT WOS:000325191900014
ER
PT J
AU Hannan, KM
Fogg, AQ
Driggers, WB
Hoffmayer, ER
Ingram, GW
Grace, MA
AF Hannan, Kristin M.
Fogg, Alex Q.
Driggers, William B., III
Hoffmayer, Eric R.
Ingram, G. Walter, Jr.
Grace, Mark A.
TI Size selectivity and catch rates of two small coastal shark species
caught on circle and J hooks in the northern Gulf of Mexico
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Bottom longline; Carcharhinidae; Commercial fisheries; Elasmobranch
ID PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY; EQUATORIAL ATLANTIC-OCEAN; MORTALITY;
CONSERVATION; MANAGEMENT; BYCATCH; IMPACT; TARGET
AB Experimental longline sets were conducted in the northern Gulf of Mexico to examine effects of similarly sized circle and J hooks on the catchability and size selectivity of Atlantic sharpnose (Rhizoprionodon terraenovae) and blacknose (Carcharhinus acronotus) sharks. Circle hooks caught relatively smaller fish but showed a higher catch per unit effort than J hooks for both species. Potential biasing factors such as spatiotemporal variability in longline deployment locations and differential bite-off rates between hook types were examined; however, neither source was found to be significant. As all gear components, with the exception of hook type, were constant, the difference in size selectivity and catchability between hook types was attributed to the narrower minimum width of the circle hooks, as has been suggested for other fishes. The results of this study demonstrate that when comparing similarly sized hook types, relatively small sharks are more susceptible to circle hooks than J hooks. This finding underlines the importance of understanding which segment of a population is most vulnerable to a specific hook type and size if mandating the use of a specific hook is considered as a management strategy. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Hannan, Kristin M.; Fogg, Alex Q.; Driggers, William B., III; Hoffmayer, Eric R.; Ingram, G. Walter, Jr.; Grace, Mark A.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Mississippi Labs, Pascagoula, MS 39567 USA.
RP Driggers, WB (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Mississippi Labs, PO Drawer 1207, Pascagoula, MS 39567 USA.
EM william.driggers@noaa.gov
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JI Fish Res.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 147
BP 145
EP 149
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2013.05.005
PG 5
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SC Fisheries
GA 228MW
UT WOS:000325191900016
ER
PT J
AU Guy, TJ
Jennings, SL
Suryan, RM
Melvin, EF
Bellman, MA
Ballance, LT
Blackie, BA
Croll, DA
Deguchi, T
Geernaert, TO
Henry, RW
Hester, M
Hyrenbach, KD
Jahncke, J
Kappes, MA
Ozaki, K
Roletto, J
Sato, F
Sydeman, WJ
Zamon, JE
AF Guy, T. J.
Jennings, S. L.
Suryan, R. M.
Melvin, E. F.
Bellman, M. A.
Ballance, L. T.
Blackie, B. A.
Croll, D. A.
Deguchi, T.
Geernaert, T. O.
Henry, R. W.
Hester, M.
Hyrenbach, K. D.
Jahncke, J.
Kappes, M. A.
Ozaki, K.
Roletto, J.
Sato, F.
Sydeman, W. J.
Zamon, J. E.
TI Overlap of North Pacific albatrosses with the US west coast groundfish
and shrimp fisheries
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Seabird bycatch; Risk assessment; North Pacific albatrosses; Demersal
longline fisheries; Trawl fisheries
ID SHORT-TAILED ALBATROSSES; FORAGING DESTINATIONS; DIOMEDEA-EXULANS;
SEABIRD BYCATCH; ATLANTIC-OCEAN; LONGLINE; MORTALITY; ISLANDS; TRAWL;
BIRD
AB We used a combination of seabird data (both fishery-dependent and fishery-independent) and fishing-effort data to evaluate the relative fisheries risk of five west coast groundfish fisheries and one shrimp fishery to black-footed (Phoebastria nigripes), short-tailed (P. albatrus) and Laysan albatrosses (P. immutabilis). To assess risk, an overlap index was derived as the product of total fishing effort and at-sea survey density of black-footed albatross. This index was used as the primary tool to estimate overlap with the endangered, relatively rare short-tailed albatross, which show similar habitat utilization from satellite telemetry tracks. Telemetry data indicate Laysan albatross primarily occur offshore beyond observed fishing effort. Black-footed and short-tailed albatross-fishery overlap was highest at the shelf-break (201-1000 m) north of 36 degrees N. Overlap and reported albatross mortality indicate that the sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria) longline and Pacific hake (Merluccius productus) catcher-processor fisheries pose the greatest risk to these species; the near-shore rockfish (Seabastes spp.) longline, pink shrimp (Pandalus jordani) trawl, California halibut (Paralichthys californicus) trawl, and non-hake groundfish trawl fisheries pose relatively little risk. Implementing proven seabird bycatch-reduction measures will likely minimize albatross mortality in the highest-risk fishery, sablefish longline. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Guy, T. J.; Jennings, S. L.; Melvin, E. F.] Univ Washington, Washington Sea Grant, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
[Suryan, R. M.] Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Bellman, M. A.] NOAA, Fishery Resource Anal & Monitoring Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Ballance, L. T.] NOAA, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, NMFS, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Blackie, B. A.] Olymp Coast Natl Marine Sanctuary, Port Angeles, WA 98362 USA.
[Croll, D. A.; Henry, R. W.; Kappes, M. A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ctr Ocean Hlth, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Deguchi, T.; Ozaki, K.; Sato, F.] Yamashina Inst Ornithol, Chiba 2701145, Japan.
[Geernaert, T. O.] Int Pacific Halibut Commiss, Seattle, WA 98199 USA.
[Hester, M.] Oikonos Ecosyst Knowledge, Kailua, HI 96734 USA.
[Hyrenbach, K. D.] Hawaii Pacific Univ, Waimanalo, HI 96795 USA.
[Jahncke, J.] PRBO Conservat Sci, Petaluma, CA 94954 USA.
[Roletto, J.] NOAA Gulf Farallones Natl Marine Sanctuary, San Francisco, CA 94129 USA.
[Sydeman, W. J.] Farallon Inst Adv Ecosyst Res, Petaluma, CA 94952 USA.
[Zamon, J. E.] NOAA Fisheries Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Point Adams Res Stn, Hammond, OR 97121 USA.
RP Guy, TJ (reprint author), Univ Washington, Washington Sea Grant, 3716 Brooklyn Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
EM troyguy@uw.edu
OI Deguchi, Tomohiro/0000-0001-8005-9114
FU NOAA Northwest Fisheries Science Center; NMFS Northwest Regional Office;
NOAA Fisheries National Seabird Program; Washington Sea Grant,
University of Washington
FX We thank our many collaborators for their contributions to this effort.
The West Coast Groundfish Observer Program and the At-Sea Hake Observer
Program compiled data on fishing effort and opportunistic short-tailed
albatross sightings and provided fishery information. David Anderson
contributed a portion of the black-footed albatross satellite-tracking
data. We greatly appreciate the many fisheries observers, at-sea seabird
observers, satellite-tagging field crews, and vessel captains and crews
who were involved in collecting the data used in these analyses. David
Anderson, Patricia Burke, Thomas Good, David Gordon, Janell Majewski,
Michelle McClure, Eric Scigliano, Scott Shaffer, and two anonymous
reviewers improved earlier drafts of this manuscript. Funding for
analysis and writing of this manuscript was provided by the NOAA
Northwest Fisheries Science Center, NMFS Northwest Regional Office, and
NOAA Fisheries National Seabird Program, and from Washington Sea Grant,
University of Washington. The Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission
and the Oregon State University, Cooperative Institute for Marine
Resources Studies provided administrative support for R. Suryan. We are
also very grateful to the many sources of funding that supported the
collection of data used in our analyses of which there are too many to
list here. Please see references of individual datasets for full
acknowledgments. This is contribution No. 438 of the North Pacific
Research Board.
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PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 147
BP 222
EP 234
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2013.06.009
PG 13
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SC Fisheries
GA 228MW
UT WOS:000325191900025
ER
PT J
AU Addis, DT
Patterson, WF
Dance, MA
Ingram, GW
AF Addis, Dustin T.
Patterson, William F., III
Dance, Michael A.
Ingram, G. Walter, Jr.
TI Implications of reef fish movement from unreported artificial reef sites
in the northern Gulf of Mexico
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Tagging; Artificial reefs; Gulf of Mexico; Reef fishes
ID MARINE PROTECTED AREAS; RED SNAPPER; NORTHEASTERN GULF;
MYCTEROPERCA-MICROLEPIS; LUTJANUS-CAMPECHANUS; HABITAT; MANAGEMENT;
FISHERIES; RESERVES; MODEL
AB Artificial reefs were deployed in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico (GOM) by the state of Florida's marine fisheries agency but not reported to the public in an attempt to create no-harvest refuges for exploited fishes. As part of a broader examination of the efficacy of this approach, a tagging study was conducted at a subset (n=9) of these unreported artificial reefs to examine the likelihood that reef fishes would remain associated with them and to test factors affecting species-specific movement. Quarterly tagging trips (n=12) were made between March 2005 and December 2007 during which 3109 fish among 12 species were tagged with internal anchor tags. Red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus, n=2114), gray triggerfish (Balistes capriscus, n=267), and groupers (Family: Serranidae, n=148), were among the most frequently tagged fishes. Eighty-six fish were recaptured on subsequent tagging trips and fishermen reported 249 recaptures caught away from study sites. Mean (SD) distance moved among recaptures with reported recapture location was 37.1 (6.6) km for red snapper (n=173), 8.8 (3.1) km for gray triggerfish (n=47), and 25.2 (14.9) km for groupers (n=26). During the study, a hurricane passed over the study area, thus adding an unplanned factor to movement analyses. Fish size, reef depth, time free, and hurricane exposure significantly affected the likelihood of red snapper movement (p<0.020), but only fish size significantly affected distance moved (p=0.036). No factors significantly affected gray triggerfish movement, and low sample size precluded statistical tests of grouper movement. Overall, results indicate that large scale (>100 km) red snapper movement was not dependent on hurricane occurrence, while gray triggerfish displayed mostly limited (<10 km) movement irrespective of factors tested. The scale of movement observed suggests the efficacy of unreported artificial reefs to serve as no-harvest refuges is doubtful, especially when regional fishing mortality is high. Marine protected areas may be an effective alternative approach to facilitate the recovery of overfished stocks, but would need to be expansive to account for reef fish movement. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Addis, Dustin T.; Patterson, William F., III; Dance, Michael A.] Univ W Florida, Dept Biol, Pensacola, FL 32514 USA.
[Ingram, G. Walter, Jr.] NOAA Fisheries, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Mississippi Labs, Pascagoula, MS 39567 USA.
RP Addis, DT (reprint author), Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, 100 8th Ave SE, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
EM Dustin.Addis@myfwc.com
FU Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission [FWC-04032, FWC-05027,
FWC-06120]
FX The authors express their gratitude to the Florida Fish and Wildlife
Conservation Commission for funding (Grants FWC-04032, -05027, and
-06120 to WFP), specifically J. Dodrill and K. Mille for their support.
Study sponsors played no role in study design, in data collection,
analysis, and interpretation, in report writing, or in the decision to
publish this work.
NR 56
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U1 1
U2 48
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 147
BP 349
EP 358
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2013.07.011
PG 10
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 228MW
UT WOS:000325191900039
ER
PT J
AU Thorson, JT
Ward, EJ
AF Thorson, James T.
Ward, Eric J.
TI Accounting for space-time interactions in index standardization models
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Index standardization; Mixed-effects model; Bayesian model; Random
effect
ID ABUNDANCE-OCCUPANCY RELATIONSHIPS; CATCH; FISH; ESTIMATORS; DYNAMICS
AB Scientific survey data are used to estimate abundance trends for fish populations worldwide, and are frequently analyzed using delta-generalized linear mixed models (delta-GLMMs). Delta-GLMMs incorporate information about both the probability of catch being non-zero (catch probability) and the expected value for non-zero catches (catch rates). Delta-GLMMs generally incorporate year as a main effect, and frequently account for spatial strata and/or covariates. Many existing delta-GLMMs do not account for random or systematic differences in catch probability or rates in particular combinations of spatial strata and year (i.e., space-time interactions), and do not recognize potential correlation in random space-time interactions between catch probability and catch rates. We therefore develop a Bayesian delta-GLMM that estimates correlations between catch probability and rates, and compare it with either (a) ignoring year-strata interactions, (b) modeling year-strata interactions as fixed effects, or (c) estimating year-strata interactions in catch probability or rates as independent random effects. These four models are fitted to bottom trawl survey data for 28 species off the U.S. West Coast. The posterior median of the correlation is positive for the majority (18) of species, including all five for which the posterior distribution has little overlap with zero. However, estimating this correlation has little impact on resulting abundance indices or credible intervals. We therefore conclude that the correlated random model will have a little impact on index standardization of the West Coast bottom trawl dataset. However, we propose that the correlated model can quickly identify correlations between occupancy probability and density, and provide our code to allow researchers to quickly identify whether such a correlation is likely to be significantly different from zero for their chosen data set. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Thorson, James T.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Fisheries Resource Assessment & Monitoring Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Natori, Miyagi 98112, Japan.
[Ward, Eric J.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Conservat Biol Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Natori, Miyagi 98112, Japan.
RP Thorson, JT (reprint author), Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Fisheries Resource Assessment & Monitoring Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Natori, Miyagi 98112, Japan.
EM James.Thorson@noaa.gov
RI Thorson, James/O-7937-2014
OI Thorson, James/0000-0001-7415-1010
NR 29
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 14
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 147
BP 426
EP 433
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2013.03.012
PG 8
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 228MW
UT WOS:000325191900047
ER
PT J
AU Hu, XQ
Xu, N
Weng, FZ
Zhang, Y
Chen, L
Zhang, P
AF Hu, Xiuqing
Xu, Na
Weng, Fuzhong
Zhang, Yong
Chen, Lin
Zhang, Peng
TI Long-Term Monitoring and Correction of FY-2 Infrared Channel Calibration
Using AIRS and IASI
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Calibration; double-difference temperature (DDT); FengYun (FY)
satellite; global space-based intercalibration system (GSICS)
ID WATER-VAPOR CHANNEL; METEOROLOGICAL SATELLITE; ENVIRONMENTAL SATELLITES;
OPERATIONAL CALIBRATION; INTER-CALIBRATION; IMAGERS; INTERCALIBRATION;
RADIANCES; HIRS; SOUNDERS
AB Hyperspectral radiances from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) and Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) are used as a reference to improve the calibration accuracy for FengYun-2 (FY-2) infrared (IR) channel radiances. It is shown that the previous FY-2 operational calibration for IR bands produces significant bias in brightness temperatures that can exceed 1.1 K. In particular, the FY-2 IR3 band (6.7 mu m) has the largest bias of 2.0 K. The daytime double-difference temperature (DDT) between AIRS and IASI using FY-2 imagers as a transfer medium showed an excellent consistency, is within 0.2 K at 290 K, and is stable over time for FY-2C/2D/2E. This only indicates the robust calibrations applied for both the AIRS and IASI measurements. During the nighttime of the Earth observation, stray light in space affects the long-term stability of the FY-2 DDT, particularly for the Earth scene at 220 K. FY-2E satellite which was launched in 2009 has an instrument design improvement. Intercalibrating FY-2 four times using AIRS and IASI data can reveal the diurnal features of the FY-2 instrument calibration. The temporal DDT appears very large during the spring and autumn eclipse times. Not only can the global-space-based-intercalibration-system intercalibration method provide an excellent operational calibration for the FY-2 imager, but it can also help improve the design of future instruments and onboard blackbody calibration.
C1 [Hu, Xiuqing; Xu, Na; Zhang, Yong; Chen, Lin; Zhang, Peng] CMA, Key Lab Radiometr Calibrat & Validat Environm Sat, NSMC, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
[Weng, Fuzhong] NOAA, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Hu, XQ (reprint author), CMA, Key Lab Radiometr Calibrat & Validat Environm Sat, NSMC, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
EM huxq@cma.gov.cn
RI Weng, Fuzhong/F-5633-2010
OI Weng, Fuzhong/0000-0003-0150-2179
FU Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) [2010CB951600,
2010CB950802]; MOST [ID 2012AA120903, 2007AA12Z145]; Ministry of Finance
[ID GYHY200906036]
FX This work was supported in part by the Chinese Ministry of Science and
Technology (MOST) through Projects 2010CB951600 and 2010CB950802, by
MOST through Projects 863 (ID 2012AA120903 and 2007AA12Z145), and by the
Ministry of Finance (ID GYHY200906036) through the Society Welfare
Project (Meteorology).
NR 42
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Z9 7
U1 2
U2 13
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0196-2892
J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE
JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 51
IS 10
SI SI
BP 5008
EP 5018
DI 10.1109/TGRS.2013.2275871
PG 11
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote
Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science
& Photographic Technology
GA 230XX
UT WOS:000325377900012
ER
PT J
AU Wade, AA
Beechie, TJ
Fleishman, E
Mantua, NJ
Wu, H
Kimball, JS
Stoms, DM
Stanford, JA
AF Wade, Alisa A.
Beechie, Timothy J.
Fleishman, Erica
Mantua, Nathan J.
Wu, Huan
Kimball, John S.
Stoms, David M.
Stanford, Jack A.
TI Steelhead vulnerability to climate change in the Pacific Northwest
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE adaptation measures; adaptive management; climate change vulnerability;
exposure; Oncorhynchus mykiss; Pacific salmon; risk assessment;
sensitivity
ID COLUMBIA RIVER-BASIN; CHINOOK SALMON; SOCKEYE-SALMON; FLOW REGIME;
TEMPERATURE; STREAM; TROUT; RESTORATION; IMPACTS; SURVIVAL
AB 1. Steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and other Pacific salmon are threatened by unsustainable levels of harvest, genetic introgression from hatchery stocks and degradation or loss of freshwater habitat. Projected climate change is expected to further stress salmon through increases in stream temperatures and altered stream flows.
2. We demonstrate a spatially explicit method for assessing salmon vulnerability to projected climatic changes (scenario for the years 2030-2059), applied here to steelhead salmon across the entire Pacific Northwest (PNW). We considered steelhead exposure to increased temperatures and more extreme high and low flows during four of their primary freshwater life stages: adult migration, spawning, incubation and rearing. Steelhead sensitivity to climate change was estimated on the basis of their regulatory status and the condition of their habitat. We assessed combinations of exposure and sensitivity to suggest actions that may be most effective for reducing steelhead vulnerability to climate change.
3. Our relative ranking of locations suggested that steelhead exposure to increases in temperature will be most widespread in the southern Pacific Northwest, whereas exposure to substantial flow changes will be most widespread in the interior and northern Pacific Northwest. There were few locations where we projected that steelhead had both relatively low exposure and sensitivity to climate change.
4. Synthesis and applications. There are few areas where habitat protection alone is likely to be sufficient to conserve steelhead under the scenario of climate change considered here. Instead, our results suggest the need for coordinated, landscape-scale actions that both increase salmon resilience and ameliorate climate change impacts, such as restoring connectivity of floodplains and high-elevation habitats.
C1 [Wade, Alisa A.] Natl Ctr Ecol Anal & Synth, Santa Barbara, CA 93101 USA.
[Beechie, Timothy J.] NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Fleishman, Erica] Univ Calif Davis, John Muir Inst Environm, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Mantua, Nathan J.] NOAA Fisheries, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Ecol Div, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Wu, Huan; Kimball, John S.; Stanford, Jack A.] Univ Montana, Flathead Lake Biol Stn, Polson, MT 59860 USA.
[Stoms, David M.] Calif Energy Commiss, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA.
RP Wade, AA (reprint author), Univ Montana, Dept Geosci, 32 Campus Dr 1296, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
EM alisa.wade@mso.umt.edu
RI Wu, Huan/K-1003-2013
OI Wu, Huan/0000-0003-2920-8860
FU Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation through the National Center for
Ecological Analysis and Synthesis; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
FX This research was made possible by generous funding from the Gordon and
Betty Moore Foundation to the University of California, Santa Barbara,
through the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis and to
the Flathead Lake Biological Station at the University of Montana. We
thank J. Greene and F. Madrinan for assistance in reviewing the
literature on effects of climate change on salmon. We also thank all the
people involved in the project for their insight and assistance. The
comments of two anonymous reviewers greatly improved this manuscript.
NR 59
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U1 5
U2 67
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0021-8901
EI 1365-2664
J9 J APPL ECOL
JI J. Appl. Ecol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 50
IS 5
BP 1093
EP 1104
DI 10.1111/1365-2664.12137
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 227AP
UT WOS:000325079800002
ER
PT J
AU Giangrande, SE
Collis, S
Straka, J
Protat, A
Williams, C
Krueger, S
AF Giangrande, Scott E.
Collis, Scott
Straka, Jerry
Protat, Alain
Williams, Christopher
Krueger, Steven
TI A Summary of Convective-Core Vertical Velocity Properties Using ARM UHF
Wind Profilers in Oklahoma
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Convective storms; Deep convection; Updrafts; In situ atmospheric
observations; Profilers; atmospheric; Radars; Radar observations
ID BULK MICROPHYSICS PARAMETERIZATION; INCLUDING MASS FLUXES; DOPPLER
RADAR; SUPERCELL THUNDERSTORM; SINGLE-DOPPLER; PART I; PRECIPITATION;
SYSTEMS; MOTION; CLOUD
AB This study presents a summary of the properties of deep convective updraft and downdraft cores over the central plains of the United States, accomplished using a novel and now-standard Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program (ARM) scanning mode for a commercial wind-profiler system. A unique profiler-based hydrometeor fall-speed correction method modeled for the convective environment was adopted. Accuracy of the velocity retrievals from this effort is expected to be within 2 m s(-1), with minimal bias and base core resolution expected near 1 km. Updraft cores are found to behave with height in reasonable agreement with aircraft observations of previous continental convection, including those of the Thunderstorm Project. Intense updraft cores with magnitudes exceeding 15 m s(-1) are routinely observed. Downdraft cores are less frequently observed, with weaker magnitudes than updrafts. Weak, positive correlations are found between updraft intensity (maximum) and updraft diameter length (coefficient r to 0.5 aloft). Negligible correlations are observed for downdraft core lengths and intensity.
C1 [Giangrande, Scott E.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Atmospher Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Collis, Scott] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Straka, Jerry] Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Protat, Alain] Bur Meteorol, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.
[Williams, Christopher] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Williams, Christopher] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Krueger, Steven] Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
RP Giangrande, SE (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Atmospher Sci, Bldg 490D,Bell Ave, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM scott.giangrande@bnl.gov
RI Williams, Christopher/A-2723-2015; Measurement, Global/C-4698-2015;
Giangrande, Scott/I-4089-2016
OI Williams, Christopher/0000-0001-9394-8850; Giangrande,
Scott/0000-0002-8119-8199
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Department of Energy,
Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Office of Science (BER) of the Department of Energy
[DE-FG02-08ER64553]; National Science Foundation [AGS-1036237];
[DE-SC0007080]
FX This manuscript has been authored by employees of Brookhaven Science
Associates, LLC, under Contract DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S.
Department of Energy. The publisher by accepting the manuscript for
publication acknowledges that the U.S. government retains a
nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or
reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or to allow others to
do so, for U.S. government purposes. Argonne National Laboratory's (ANL)
work was supported by the Department of Energy, Office of Science,
Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER), under Contract
DE-AC02-06CH11357. This research was also supported by the Office of
Science (BER) of the Department of Energy under Grant DE-FG02-08ER64553.
The research was also supported under Grant DE-SC0007080. Additional
support was provided by the National Science Foundation under
AGS-1036237 (Dr. Chungu Lu, program manager). In addition, the authors
thank Pavlos Kollias, Michael Jensen, and ARM mentor Richard Coulter for
their leadership roles with respect to the associated ARM Profiler and
MC3E IOP campaign configurations and dataset collection. We also thank
Edwin Campos of ANL for an internal review of this manuscript and Zac
Flamig (OU/NSSL) for access to NSSL NEXRAD NMQ dataset archives.
NR 63
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Z9 21
U1 1
U2 19
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1558-8424
J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM
JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 52
IS 10
BP 2278
EP 2295
DI 10.1175/JAMC-D-12-0185.1
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 232GY
UT WOS:000325482000006
ER
PT J
AU Van Dam, B
Helmig, D
Neff, W
Kramer, L
AF Van Dam, B.
Helmig, D.
Neff, W.
Kramer, L.
TI Evaluation of Boundary Layer Depth Estimates at Summit Station,
Greenland
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Boundary layer; Snowpack; Chemistry; atmospheric
ID SOUTH-POLE; NO; HEIGHT; CHEMISTRY; VARIABILITY; OZONE
AB Boundary layer conditions in polar regions have been shown to have a significant impact on the levels of trace gases in the lower atmosphere. The ability to properly describe boundary layer characteristics (e.g., stability, depth, and variations on diurnal and seasonal scales) is essential to understanding the processes that control chemical budgets and surface fluxes in these regions. Surface turbulence data measured from 3D sonic anemometers on an 8-m tower at Summit Station, Greenland, were used for estimating boundary layer depths (BLD) in stable to weakly stable conditions. The turbulence-derived BLD estimates were evaluated for June 2010 using direct BLD measurements from an acoustic sounder located approximately 50 m away from the tower. BLDs during this period varied diurnally; minimum values were less than 10 m, and maximum values were greater than 150 m. BLD estimates provided a better comparison with sodar observations during stable conditions. Ozone and nitrogen oxides were also measured at the meteorological tower and investigated for their dependency on boundary layer structure. These analyses, in contrast to observations from South Pole, Antarctica, did not show a clear relation between surface-layer atmospheric trace-gas levels and the stable boundary layer.
C1 [Van Dam, B.; Helmig, D.] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Neff, W.] NOAA, Div Phys Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Kramer, L.] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Geol & Min Engn & Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
RP Helmig, D (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Campus Box 450, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM detlev.helmig@colorado.edu
OI Van Dam, Brie/0000-0003-4604-5215
FU National Science Foundation [NSF-OPP-07-13992]
FX This research is funded through the National Science Foundation Grant
NSF-OPP-07-13992. The authors thank the Summit Station science
technicians, the 109th Air National Guard, and CH2MHill Polar Services
for logistical support. Additional gratitude is extended to the Danish
Commission for Scientific Research for providing access to GEOSummit
Station.
NR 21
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 18
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1558-8424
J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM
JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 52
IS 10
BP 2356
EP 2362
DI 10.1175/JAMC-D-13-055.1
PG 7
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 232GY
UT WOS:000325482000011
ER
PT J
AU Krasting, JP
Broccoli, AJ
Dixon, KW
Lanzante, JR
AF Krasting, John P.
Broccoli, Anthony J.
Dixon, Keith W.
Lanzante, John R.
TI Future Changes in Northern Hemisphere Snowfall
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
DE Precipitation; Snowfall; Climate change; Climate variability;
Temperature; Time series
ID CONTIGUOUS UNITED-STATES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; US NORTHEAST; TRENDS;
PRECIPITATION; TEMPERATURE; VARIABILITY; COVER; GREENLAND; RAINFALL
AB Using simulations performed with 18 coupled atmosphere-ocean global climate models from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5), projections of the Northern Hemisphere snowfall under the representative concentration pathway (RCP4.5) scenario are analyzed for the period 2006-2100. These models perform well in simulating twentieth-century snowfall, although there is a positive bias in many regions. Annual snowfall is projected to decrease across much of the Northern Hemisphere during the twenty-first century, with increases projected at higher latitudes. On a seasonal basis, the transition zone between negative and positive snowfall trends corresponds approximately to the -10 degrees C isotherm of the late twentieth-century mean surface air temperature, such that positive trends prevail in winter over large regions of Eurasia and North America. Redistributions of snowfall throughout the entire snow season are projected to occureven in locations where there is little change in annual snowfall. Changes in the fraction of precipitation falling as snow contribute to decreases in snowfall across most Northern Hemisphere regions, while changes in total precipitation typically contribute to increases in snowfall. A signal-to-noise analysis reveals that the projected changes in snowfall, based on the RCP4.5 scenario, are likely to become apparent during the twenty-first century for most locations in the Northern Hemisphere. The snowfall signal emerges more slowly than the temperature signal, suggesting that changes in snowfall are not likely to be early indicators of regional climate change.
C1 [Krasting, John P.; Broccoli, Anthony J.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Environm Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA.
[Krasting, John P.; Dixon, Keith W.; Lanzante, John R.] NOAA, GFDL, Princeton, NJ USA.
RP Krasting, JP (reprint author), 201 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM john.krasting@noaa.gov
RI Broccoli, Anthony/D-9186-2014; Dixon, Keith/L-7120-2015
OI Broccoli, Anthony/0000-0003-2619-1434; Dixon, Keith/0000-0003-3044-326X
NR 40
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 3
U2 52
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 20
BP 7813
EP 7828
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00832.1
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 229MM
UT WOS:000325269800002
ER
PT J
AU Wang, H
Kumar, A
Wang, WQ
AF Wang, Hui
Kumar, Arun
Wang, Wanqiu
TI Characteristics of Subsurface Ocean Response to ENSO Assessed from
Simulations with the NCEP Climate Forecast System
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
DE Atmosphere-ocean interaction; ENSO; Sea surface temperature; Coupled
models; Oceanic variability
ID TROPICAL INDIAN-OCEAN; NINO SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; SEA-SURFACE
TEMPERATURES; EL-NINO; NORTH PACIFIC; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY;
ATMOSPHERIC ANOMALIES; SEASONAL DEPENDENCE; ATLANTIC; MECHANISMS
AB The subsurface ocean temperature response to El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is examined based on 31-yr (1981-2011) simulations with the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Climate Forecast System (CFS) coupled model. The model sea surface temperature (SST) in the tropical Pacific is relaxed to observations to ensure realistic ENSO variability in the simulations.In the tropical Pacific, the subsurface temperature response to the ENSO SST is closely related to the variability of thermocline. The subsurface response is stronger and deeper in the tropical Indian Ocean than in the tropical Atlantic. The analysis at three selected locations reveals that the peak response of the subsurface temperature to ENSO lags the Nino-3.4 SST by 3, 6, and 6 months, respectively, in the southern tropical Indian Ocean, the northern tropical Atlantic, and the North Pacific, where SSTs are also known to be strongly influenced by ENSO. The ENSO-forced temperature anomalies gradually penetrate to the deeper ocean with time in the North Pacific and the tropical Atlantic, but not in the tropical Indian Ocean where the subsurface response at different depths peaks almost at the same time (i.e., at about 3-4 months following ENSO). It is demonstrated that the ENSO-induced surface wind stress plays an important role in determining the time scale and strength of the subsurface temperature response to ENSO in the North Pacific and the northern tropical Atlantic. Additionally, the ENSO-related local surface latent heat flux also contributes to the subsurface response to ENSO in these two regions.
C1 [Wang, Hui; Kumar, Arun; Wang, Wanqiu] NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, NWS, NCEP, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Wang, Hui] Wyle Sci Technol & Engn Grp, Houston, TX USA.
RP Wang, H (reprint author), NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, NCWCP, 5830 Univ Res Court, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM hui.wang@noaa.gov
RI Wang, Hui/B-6516-2008
NR 44
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 9
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 20
BP 8065
EP 8083
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00795.1
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 229MM
UT WOS:000325269800020
ER
PT J
AU Foltz, GR
Schmid, C
Lumpkin, R
AF Foltz, Gregory R.
Schmid, Claudia
Lumpkin, Rick
TI Seasonal Cycle of the Mixed Layer Heat Budget in the Northeastern
Tropical Atlantic Ocean
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
DE Atmosphere-ocean interaction; Heat budgets; fluxes; Surface fluxes
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; EASTERN EQUATORIAL PACIFIC; MERIDIONAL MODE;
GUINEA DOME; VARIABILITY; CIRCULATION; INSTABILITY; SIMULATION;
RELEVANCE; TRANSPORT
AB The seasonal cycle of the mixed layer heat budget in the northeastern tropical Atlantic (0 degrees-25 degrees N, 18 degrees-28 degrees W) is quantified using in situ and satellite measurements together with atmospheric reanalysis products. This region is characterized by pronounced latitudinal movements of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) and strong meridional variations of the terms in the heat budget. Three distinct regimes within the northeastern tropical Atlantic are identified. The trade wind region (15 degrees-25 degrees N) experiences a strong annual cycle of mixed layer heat content that is driven by approximately out-of-phase annual cycles of surface shortwave radiation (SWR), which peaks in boreal summer, and evaporative cooling, which reaches a minimum in boreal summer. The surface heat-flux-induced changes in the mixed layer heat content are damped by a strong annual cycle of cooling from vertical turbulent mixing, estimated from the residual in the heat balance. In the ITCZ core region (3 degrees-8 degrees N) a weak seasonal cycle of mixed layer heat content is driven by a semiannual cycle of SWR and damped by evaporative cooling and vertical turbulent mixing. On the equator the seasonal cycle of mixed layer heat content is balanced by an annual cycle of SWR that reaches a maximum in October and a semiannual cycle of turbulent mixing that cools the mixed layer most strongly during May-July and November. These results emphasize the importance of the surface heat flux and vertical turbulent mixing for the seasonal cycle of mixed layer heat content in the northeastern tropical Atlantic.
C1 [Foltz, Gregory R.; Schmid, Claudia; Lumpkin, Rick] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Foltz, GR (reprint author), NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM gregory.foltz@noaa.gov
RI Foltz, Gregory/B-8710-2011; Schmid, Claudia/D-5875-2013; Lumpkin,
Rick/C-9615-2009
OI Foltz, Gregory/0000-0003-0050-042X; Schmid, Claudia/0000-0003-2132-4736;
Lumpkin, Rick/0000-0002-6690-1704
FU NOAA Climate Program Office; Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological
Laboratory
FX The authors received support from the NOAA Climate Program Office and
the Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory. We thank two
anonymous reviewers and Guy Caniaux for suggestions that improved the
manuscript. The Argo data used here were collected and are made freely
available by the International Argo Program and by the national programs
that contribute to it. The PIRATA data used in this study were
collected, processed, and made freely available by the TAO Project
Office of NOAA/PMEL.
NR 59
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 4
U2 27
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 20
BP 8169
EP 8188
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00037.1
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 229MM
UT WOS:000325269800027
ER
PT J
AU Pathak, C
Curtis, D
Kitzmiller, D
Vieux, B
AF Pathak, Chandra
Curtis, David
Kitzmiller, David
Vieux, Baxter
TI Identifying and Resolving the Barriers and Issues in Using Radar-Derived
Rainfall Estimating Technology
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
ID REAL-TIME ESTIMATION; WSR-88D; BIAS
C1 [Pathak, Chandra] US Army, Corps Engineers, Washington, DC 20314 USA.
[Curtis, David] West Consultants, Folsom, CA 95630 USA.
[Kitzmiller, David] NOAA, Hydrol Sci & Modeling Branch, Off Hydrol Dev, Natl Weather Serv, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Vieux, Baxter] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Civil Engn & Environm Sci, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Vieux, Baxter] Univ Oklahoma, Ctr Nat Hazards & Disaster Res, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
RP Pathak, C (reprint author), US Army, Corps Engineers, 441 G St NW, Washington, DC 20314 USA.
EM chandra.s.pathak@usace.army.mil; dcurtis@westconsultants.com;
David.Kitzmiller@noaa.gov; bvieuex@ou.edu
OI Vieux, Baxter/0000-0001-8814-4380
NR 42
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 1084-0699
EI 1943-5584
J9 J HYDROL ENG
JI J. Hydrol. Eng.
PD OCT 1
PY 2013
VL 18
IS 10
BP 1193
EP 1199
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000766
PG 7
WC Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA 218XT
UT WOS:000324466700002
ER
PT J
AU Mellor, G
AF Mellor, George
TI Pressure-Slope Momentum Transfer in Ocean Surface Boundary Layers
Coupled with Gravity Waves
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Currents; Gravity waves; Ocean circulation; Turbulence; Boundary layer
ID WIND-GENERATED WAVES; 3-DIMENSIONAL CURRENT; DIRECTIONAL SPECTRA;
LIMITED GROWTH; MODEL; CIRCULATION; TURBULENCE; EQUATIONS; BREAKING;
DRAG
AB The paper focuses on the consequences of including surface and subsurface, wind-forced pressure-slope momentum transfer into the oceanic water column, a transfer process that competes with now-conventional turbulence transfer based on mixing coefficients. Horizontal homogeneity is stipulated as is customary when introducing a new surface boundary layer model or significantly new vertical momentum transfer physics to an existing model. An introduction to pressure-slope momentum transfer is first provided by a phase-resolved, vertically dependent analytical model that excludes turbulence transfer. There follows a discussion of phase averaging; an appendix is an important adjunct to the discussion. Finally, a coupled wave-circulation model, which includes pressure-slope and turbulence momentum transfer, is presented and numerically executed. The calculated temperatures compare well with measurements from ocean weather station Papa.
C1 Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
RP Mellor, G (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Sayre Hall,Forrestal Campus, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM glmellor@princeton.edu
NR 28
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-3670
J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR
JI J. Phys. Oceanogr.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 43
IS 10
BP 2173
EP 2184
DI 10.1175/JPO-D-13-068.1
PG 12
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 232ZT
UT WOS:000325534400009
ER
PT J
AU Dong, SF
Kelly, KA
AF Dong, Shenfu
Kelly, Kathryn A.
TI How Well Do Climate Models Reproduce North Atlantic Subtropical Mode
Water?
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE North Atlantic Ocean; Fronts; Atmosphere-ocean interaction; Water
masses; Model evaluation; performance; Interannual variability
ID SEA HEAT FLUXES; GULF-STREAM; POTENTIAL VORTICITY; SST ANOMALIES; PART
I; OCEAN; VARIABILITY; ATMOSPHERE; PACIFIC; CIRCULATION
AB Formation and the subsequent evolution of the subtropical mode water (STMW) involve various dynamic and thermodynamic processes. Proper representation of mode water variability and contributions from various processes in climate models is important in order to predict future climate change under changing forcings. The North Atlantic STMW, often referred to as Eighteen Degree Water (EDW), in three coupled models, both with data assimilation [GFDL coupled data assimilation (GFDL CDA)] and without data assimilation [GFDL Climate Model, version 2.1 (GFDL CM2.1), and NCAR Community Climate System Model, version 3 (CCSM3)], is analyzed to evaluate how well EDW processes are simulated in those models and to examine whether data assimilation alters the model response to forcing. In comparison with estimates from observations, the data-assimilating model gives a better representation of the formation rate, the spatial distribution of EDW, and its thickness, with the largest EDW variability along the Gulf Stream (GS) path. The EDW formation rate in GFDL CM2.1 is very weak because of weak heat loss from the ocean in the model. Unlike the observed dominant southward movement of the EDW, the EDW in GFDL CM2.1 and CCSM3 moves eastward after formation in the excessively wide GS in the models. However, the GFDL CDA does not capture the observed thermal response of the overlying atmosphere to the ocean. Observations show a robust anticorrelation between the upper-ocean heat content and air-sea heat flux, with upper-ocean heat content leading air-sea heat flux by a few months. This anticorrelation is well captured by GFDL CM2.1 and CCSM3 but not by GFDL CDA. Only GFDL CM2.1 captures the observed anticorrelation between the upper-ocean heat content and EDW volume. This suggests that, although data assimilation corrects the readily observed variables, it degrades the model thermodynamic response to forcing.
C1 [Dong, Shenfu] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL USA.
[Dong, Shenfu] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Kelly, Kathryn A.] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
RP Dong, SF (reprint author), Univ Miami, NOAA, CIMAS, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM shenfu.dong@noaa.gov
RI Dong, Shenfu/I-4435-2013
OI Dong, Shenfu/0000-0001-8247-8072
FU National Science Foundation [0960648, 0958548]; Atlantic Oceanographic
and Metrological Laboratory, NOAA
FX The authors thank the two anomalous reviewers for their insightful
comments and suggestions. This work has benefited from many
conversations with other CLIMODE investigators. KAK was supported by the
National Science Foundation through Grant 0960648 (CLIMODE analysis). SD
was supported by the National Science Foundation through Grant 0958548
(CLIMODE analysis), and Atlantic Oceanographic and Metrological
Laboratory, NOAA.
NR 44
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-3670
J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR
JI J. Phys. Oceanogr.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 43
IS 10
BP 2230
EP 2244
DI 10.1175/JPO-D-12-0215.1
PG 15
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 232ZT
UT WOS:000325534400013
ER
PT J
AU Chen, SYS
Zhao, W
Donelan, MA
Tolman, HL
AF Chen, Shuyi S.
Zhao, Wei
Donelan, Mark A.
Tolman, Hendrik L.
TI Directional Wind-Wave Coupling in Fully Coupled Atmosphere-Wave-Ocean
Models: Results from CBLAST-Hurricane
SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Tropical cyclones; Air-sea interaction; Coupled models; Numerical
analysis; modeling
ID SPECTRUM SPATIAL VARIATION; AIR-FLOW SEPARATION; SEA-SURFACE; TROPICAL
CYCLONES; BOUNDARY-LAYER; NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS; BULK PARAMETERIZATION;
MESOSCALE MODEL; BREAKING WAVES; GROWING SEAS
AB The extreme high winds, intense rainfall, large ocean waves, and copious sea spray in hurricanes push the surface-exchange parameters for temperature, water vapor, and momentum into untested regimes. The Coupled Boundary Layer Air-Sea Transfer (CBLAST)-Hurricane program is aimed at developing improved coupling parameterizations (using the observations collected during the CBLAST-Hurricane field program) for the next-generation hurricane research prediction models. Hurricane-induced surface waves that determine the surface stress are highly asymmetric, which can affect storm structure and intensity significantly. Much of the stress is supported by waves in the wavelength range of 0.1-10 m, which is the unresolved spectral tail in present wave models. A directional wind-wave coupling method is developed to include effects of directionality of the wind and waves in hurricanes. The surface stress vector is calculated using the two-dimensional wave spectra from a wave model with an added short-wave spectral tail. The wind and waves are coupled in a vector form rather than through the traditional roughness scalar. This new wind-wave coupling parameterization has been implemented in a fully coupled atmosphere-wave-ocean model with 1.67-km grid resolution in the atmospheric model, which can resolve finescale features in the extreme high-wind region of the hurricane eyewall. It has been tested in a number of storms including Hurricane Frances (2004), which is one of the best-observed storms during the CBLAST-Hurricane 2004 field program. This paper describes the new wind-wave coupling parameterization and examines the characteristics of the coupled model simulations of Hurricane Frances (2004). Observations of surface waves and winds are used to evaluate the coupled model results.
C1 [Chen, Shuyi S.; Zhao, Wei; Donelan, Mark A.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Tolman, Hendrik L.] NOAA, Environm Modeling Ctr, Natl Ctr Environm Predict, Camp Springs, MD USA.
RP Chen, SYS (reprint author), Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM schen@rsmas.miami.edu
RI Zhao, Wei/K-7846-2012
FU Departmental Research Initiative (DRI) at the Office of Naval Research
(ONR); ONR Research Grants [CBLAST N00014-01-1-0156, N00014-04-1-0109];
National Oceanographic Partnership Program (NOPP) [N00014-10-1-0162]
FX The authors thank Chia-Ying Lee and Joe Tenerelli for their assistance
during the course of the study and Ed Walsh for providing the SRA data
in Hurricane Frances. CBLAST-Hurricane is a research program supported
by a Departmental Research Initiative (DRI) at the Office of Naval
Research (ONR). NOAA/AOC provided critical support in operation of the
NOAA WP-3D aircraft during the CBLAST-Hurricane field program in 2003
and 2004. The WP-3D tail Doppler radar data is kindly provided by
NOAA/AOML/HRD and TMI-AMSR SST data by the Remote Sensing Systems. The
research is supported by the ONR Research Grants under CBLAST
N00014-01-1-0156 and N00014-04-1-0109 and National Oceanographic
Partnership Program (NOPP) N00014-10-1-0162.
NR 72
TC 31
Z9 32
U1 4
U2 31
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-4928
EI 1520-0469
J9 J ATMOS SCI
JI J. Atmos. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 10
BP 3198
EP 3215
DI 10.1175/JAS-D-12-0157.1
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 227XB
UT WOS:000325147900012
ER
PT J
AU Liang, MC
Lin, LC
Tung, KK
Yung, YL
Sun, S
AF Liang, Mao-Chang
Lin, Li-Ching
Tung, Ka-Kit
Yung, Yuk L.
Sun, Shan
TI Impact of Climate Drift on Twenty-First-Century Projection in a Coupled
Atmospheric-Ocean General Circulation Model
SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Climate models; Coupled models; Model comparison; Model evaluation;
performance; Climate variability; Trends
ID TEMPERATURE-CHANGE
AB Reducing climate drift in coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation models (AOGCMs) usually requires 1000-2000 years of spinup, which has not been practical for every modeling group to do. For the purpose of evaluating the impact of climate drift, the authors have performed a multimillennium-long control run of the Goddard Institute for Space Studies model (GISS-EH) AOGCM and produced different twentieth-century historical simulations and subsequent twenty-first-century projections by branching off the control run at various stages of equilibration. The control run for this model is considered at quasi equilibration after a 1200-yr spinup from a cold start. The simulations that branched off different points after 1200 years are robust, in the sense that their ensemble means all produce the same future projection of warming, both in the global mean and in spatial detail. These robust projections differ from the one that was originally submitted to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report (AR4), which branched off a not-yet-equilibrated control run. The authors test various common postprocessing schemes in removing climate drift caused by a not-yet-equilibrated ocean initial state and find them to be ineffective, judging by the fact that they differ from each other and from the robust results that branched off an equilibrated control. The authors' results suggest that robust twenty-first-century projections of the forced response can be achieved by running climate simulations from an equilibrated ocean state, because memory of the different initial ocean state is lost in about 40 years if the forced run is started from a quasi-equilibrated state.
C1 [Liang, Mao-Chang] Acad Sinica, Res Ctr Environm Changes, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
[Liang, Mao-Chang] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
[Liang, Mao-Chang] Natl Cent Univ, Grad Inst Astron, Zhongli City, Taiwan.
[Lin, Li-Ching] Acad Sinica, Inst Earth Sci, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
[Tung, Ka-Kit] Univ Washington, Dept Appl Math, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Yung, Yuk L.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Sun, Shan] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Liang, MC (reprint author), Acad Sinica, Res Ctr Environm Changes, 128 Acad Rd, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
EM mcl@rcec.sinica.edu.tw
RI Sun, Shan/H-2318-2015
FU NSC [101-2628-M-001-001-MY4]; NSF [ATM 0808375, DMS 0940342]; Caltech's
KISS program
FX We thank editor Ming Cai for his detailed suggestions and two anonymous
reviewers for their comments that helped focus the presentation. This
work is supported in part by NSC Grant 101-2628-M-001-001-MY4 to
Academia Sinica and its Grid Computing Center, KKT's research by NSF
Grants ATM 0808375 and DMS 0940342, and YLY's by Caltech's KISS program.
NR 19
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 11
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-4928
EI 1520-0469
J9 J ATMOS SCI
JI J. Atmos. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 10
BP 3321
EP 3327
DI 10.1175/JAS-D-13-0149.1
PG 7
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 227XB
UT WOS:000325147900020
ER
PT J
AU Xu, Q
Wei, L
AF Xu, Qin
Wei, Li
TI Prognostic Equation for Radar Radial Velocity Derived by Considering
Atmospheric Refraction and Earth Curvature
SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Advection; Radars; Radar observations; Differential equations; Error
analysis; Data assimilation
ID SINGLE-DOPPLER RADAR; MEASURING INFORMATION-CONTENT; ADJOINT-METHOD
RETRIEVALS; ALTITUDE WIND FIELDS; MICROBURST WINDS; SPECTRAL
FORMULATIONS; DATA ASSIMILATION; RAY PATH; REFLECTIVITY
AB The prognostic equation for the radial velocity field observed with a Doppler radar is derived to include the effects of atmospheric refraction and earth curvature on radar-beam height and slope angle. The derived equation, called the radial velocity equation, contains a high-order small term that can be truncated. The truncated radial velocity equation is shown to be much more accurate than its counterpart radial velocity equation derived without considering the effects of atmospheric refraction and earth curvature. The truncated equation has the same concise form as its counterpart radial velocity equation but remains to be sufficiently accurate as a useful dynamic constraint for radar wind analysis and assimilation (in normal situations) even up to the farthest 300-km radial range of operational Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler (WSR-88D) scans where its counterpart radial velocity equation becomes erroneous.
C1 [Xu, Qin] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Wei, Li] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
RP Xu, Q (reprint author), NSSL, 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM qin.xu@noaa.gov
FU ONR [N000141010778]; NOAA/OAR under NOAA-OU Cooperative Agreement, U.S.
Department of Commerce [NA17RJ1227]
FX The authors are thankful to Guoqing Ge of the University of Oklahoma
(OU), Richard Doviak of NSSL, and anonymous reviewers for their comments
and suggestions that improved the paper and to Kang Nai and Yuan Jiang
of OU for their help in producing Figs. 2 and 7. The research was
supported by ONR Grant N000141010778 to OU. Funding was also provided by
NOAA/OAR under NOAA-OU Cooperative Agreement NA17RJ1227, U.S. Department
of Commerce.
NR 17
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-4928
J9 J ATMOS SCI
JI J. Atmos. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 10
BP 3328
EP 3338
DI 10.1175/JAS-D-13-011.1
PG 11
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 227XB
UT WOS:000325147900021
ER
PT J
AU Douglass, KO
Maxwell, SE
Truong, GW
van Zee, RD
Whetstone, JR
Hodges, JT
Long, DA
Plusquellic, DF
AF Douglass, Kevin O.
Maxwell, Stephen E.
Truong, Gar-Wing
van Zee, Roger D.
Whetstone, James R.
Hodges, Joseph T.
Long, David A.
Plusquellic, David F.
TI Rapid scan absorption spectroscopy using a waveform-driven electro-optic
phase modulator in the 1.6-1.65 mu m region
SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID FREQUENCY STABILIZATION; CAVITY; LASER; SPECTROMETER; LIDAR; BAND; CO2;
PATHS
AB A method is reported for performing fast optical frequency scans over a bandwidth of 36.9 GHz and at a sweep rate of 40 kHz using a single second-order sideband from an electro-optic phase modulator driven by an arbitrary waveform generator. Single sideband selection is accomplished using the resonator modes of a Fabry-Perot filter cavity having a finesse of approximate to 44 and a free-spectral range of 300 MHz. The finesse is sufficiently high to give <2% total transmission of the laser frequency carrier and all other nonresonant sidebands while sufficiently low to ensure on-resonance switching times as short as 100 ns. A frequency offset component of a diode laser is used for active stabilization of the laser to the filter cavity at all times eliminating frequency drift of the filter cavity transmission comb used for single sideband selection and scanning. The method is demonstrated for the detection of CO2 near 1602 nm and for CH4 lines near 1643 nm. Detection of ambient level concentrations of each of these gases is demonstrated in a 25 mu s scan over a path length of 50 m at a sensitivity of approximate to 3 x 10(-9) cm(-1) Hz(-1/2). The corresponding measurement uncertainties (k = 1 or 1 sigma) in a (2-3) ms time period and a 1 km path length are < +/- 2 mu mol/mol (ppm) for CO2 and < +/- 5 nmol/mol (ppb) for CH4. The arbitrary waveform control of the pulse sequence, repetition rate, and duty cycle provides for optimization of the light source for a variety of application areas that include path integrated differential absorption and differential absorption light detection and ranging.
C1 [Douglass, Kevin O.; Plusquellic, David F.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Phys Measurement Lab, Quantum Elect & Photon Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Maxwell, Stephen E.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Phys Measurement Lab, Sensor Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Truong, Gar-Wing; van Zee, Roger D.; Hodges, Joseph T.; Long, David A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Measurement Lab, Chem Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Whetstone, James R.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Off Special Programs, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Plusquellic, DF (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Phys Measurement Lab, Quantum Elect & Photon Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM david.plusquellic@nist.gov
FU NIST Greenhouse Gas Measurements and Climate Research Program; NIST by
an Australian Fulbright Fellowship
FX Support was provided by the NIST Greenhouse Gas Measurements and Climate
Research Program. G.-W. Truong was supported at NIST by an Australian
Fulbright Fellowship.
NR 33
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 26
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0740-3224
J9 J OPT SOC AM B
JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 30
IS 10
BP 2696
EP 2703
DI 10.1364/JOSAB.30.002696
PG 8
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 228UC
UT WOS:000325215500018
ER
PT J
AU TheinHan, W
Weir, MD
Simon, CG
Xu, HHK
AF TheinHan, Wahwah
Weir, Michael D.
Simon, Carl G.
Xu, Hockin H. K.
TI Non-rigid calcium phosphate cement containing hydrogel microbeads and
absorbable fibres seeded with umbilical cord stem cells for bone
engineering
SO JOURNAL OF TISSUE ENGINEERING AND REGENERATIVE MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE calcium phosphate cement (CPC); non-rigid scaffold; strength and strain;
human umbilical cord stem cells; osteogenic differentiation; bone tissue
engineering
ID MARROW STROMAL CELLS; BIOACTIVE GLASS; IN-VITRO; OSTEOGENIC
DIFFERENTIATION; HYDROXYAPATITE CEMENT; ALGINATE HYDROGELS; SCAFFOLDS;
REGENERATION; EXPRESSION; DELIVERY
AB The need for bone repair has increased as the population ages. Non-rigid calcium phosphate scaffolds could provide compliance for micro-motions within the tissues and yet have load-supporting strength. The objectives of this study were to: (a) develop a non-rigid calcium phosphate cement (CPC) with microbeads and fibre reinforcement; and (b) investigate human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (hUCMSC) proliferation, osteodifferentiation and mineralization on non-rigid CPC for the first time. Non-rigid CPC was fabricated by adding extra tetracalcium phosphate in the traditional CPC and by incorporating chitosan, absorbable fibres and hydrogel microbeads. The non-rigid CPC-microbead scaffold possessed a strain-at-failure of 10.7%, much higher than the traditional CPC's strain of 0.05% which is typical for brittle bioceramics. Flexural strength of non-rigid CPC-microbead was 4-fold that of rigid CPC-microbead scaffold, while work-of-fracture (toughness) was increased by 20-fold. The strength of non-rigid CPC-microbead-fibre scaffold matched that of cancellous bone. hUCMSCs on non-rigid CPC proliferated from 100 cells/mm(2) at 1day to 600 cells/mm(2) at 8days. Alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin and collagen gene expressions of hUCMSCs were greatly increased, and the cells synthesized bone minerals. hUCMSCs on non-rigid CPC-microbead-fibre constructs had higher bone markers and more mineralization than those on rigid CPC controls. In conclusion, this study developed the first non-rigid, in situ-setting calcium phosphate-microbead-fibre scaffold with a strain-at-failure exceeding 10%. hUCMSCs showed excellent proliferation, osteodifferentiation and mineralization on non-rigid CPC scaffold. The novel non-rigid CPC-hUCMSC construct with good strength, high strain-at-failure and toughness, as well as superior stem cell proliferation, osteodifferentiation and mineralization, is promising for load-bearing bone regeneration applications. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [TheinHan, Wahwah; Weir, Michael D.; Xu, Hockin H. K.] Univ Maryland, Sch Dent, Biomat & Tissue Engn Div, Dept Endodont Prosthodont & Operat Dent, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
[Simon, Carl G.] NIST, Biomat Grp, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Xu, Hockin H. K.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Stem Cell Biol & Regenerat Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
RP Xu, HHK (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Dent, Biomat & Tissue Engn Div, 650 West Baltimore St, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
EM hxu@umaryland.edu
RI Weir, Michael/M-7729-2013
OI Weir, Michael/0000-0002-7961-3787
FU NIH [R01 DE14190, R01 DE17974]; Maryland Stem Cell Research Fund
[2008-MSCRFE-0109-00]; University of Maryland Dental School; United
States National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
FX We thank Dr L. C. Chow and Dr S. Takagi at the Paffenbarger Research
Center and Dr Liang Zhao at the University of Maryland Dental School for
discussions and help. This study was supported by the NIH (Grant Nos R01
DE14190 and R01 DE17974, to H.X.), the Maryland Stem Cell Research Fund
(Grant No. 2008-MSCRFE-0109-00, to H.X.), the University of Maryland
Dental School and the United States National Institute of Standards and
Technology (NIST).
NR 55
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 20
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1932-6254
J9 J TISSUE ENG REGEN M
JI J. Tissue Eng. Regen. Med.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 7
IS 10
BP 777
EP 787
DI 10.1002/term.1466
PG 11
WC Cell & Tissue Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell
Biology; Engineering, Biomedical
SC Cell Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering
GA 232CJ
UT WOS:000325466300003
PM 22451091
ER
PT J
AU Staley, DM
Kean, JW
Cannon, SH
Schmidt, KM
Laber, JL
AF Staley, Dennis M.
Kean, Jason W.
Cannon, Susan H.
Schmidt, Kevin M.
Laber, Jayme L.
TI Objective definition of rainfall intensity-duration thresholds for the
initiation of post-fire debris flows in southern California
SO LANDSLIDES
LA English
DT Article
DE Debris flow; Wildfire; Rainfall; Thresholds; Warning system
ID RECENTLY BURNED AREAS; SHALLOW LANDSLIDES; FIELD OBSERVATIONS; WARNING
SYSTEM; DOLOMITES; MODEL; WASHINGTON; ACCURACY; VELOCITY; COLORADO
AB Rainfall intensity-duration (ID) thresholds are commonly used to predict the temporal occurrence of debris flows and shallow landslides. Typically, thresholds are subjectively defined as the upper limit of peak rainstorm intensities that do not produce debris flows and landslides, or as the lower limit of peak rainstorm intensities that initiate debris flows and landslides. In addition, peak rainstorm intensities are often used to define thresholds, as data regarding the precise timing of debris flows and associated rainfall intensities are usually not available, and rainfall characteristics are often estimated from distant gauging locations. Here, we attempt to improve the performance of existing threshold-based predictions of post-fire debris-flow occurrence by utilizing data on the precise timing of debris flows relative to rainfall intensity, and develop an objective method to define the threshold intensities. We objectively defined the thresholds by maximizing the number of correct predictions of debris flow occurrence while minimizing the rate of both Type I (false positive) and Type II (false negative) errors. We identified that (1) there were statistically significant differences between peak storm and triggering intensities, (2) the objectively defined threshold model presents a better balance between predictive success, false alarms and failed alarms than previous subjectively defined thresholds, (3) thresholds based on measurements of rainfall intensity over shorter duration (a parts per thousand currency sign60 min) are better predictors of post-fire debris-flow initiation than longer duration thresholds, and (4) the objectively defined thresholds were exceeded prior to the recorded time of debris flow at frequencies similar to or better than subjective thresholds. Our findings highlight the need to better constrain the timing and processes of initiation of landslides and debris flows for future threshold studies. In addition, the methods used to define rainfall thresholds in this study represent a computationally simple means of deriving critical values for other studies of nonlinear phenomena characterized by thresholds.
C1 [Staley, Dennis M.; Kean, Jason W.; Cannon, Susan H.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Schmidt, Kevin M.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Laber, Jayme L.] NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Oxnard, CA USA.
RP Staley, DM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Box 25046MS966 DFC, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM dstaley@usgs.gov
OI Kean, Jason/0000-0003-3089-0369
FU U.S. Geological Survey Landslide Hazards Program; U.S. Geological Survey
Multi-Hazards Demonstration Project
FX This research was made possible with funding from the U.S. Geological
Survey Landslide Hazards Program and Multi-Hazards Demonstration
Project. The authors are grateful for field assistance from Joseph
Gartner (USGS), Maiana Hanshaw (USGS), and Robert Leeper (USGS),
rainfall data provided by Pete Wohlgemuth (U.S. Forest Service), and
data processing byMatthew Hansen (University of Colorado-Denver).
Jonathan Godt, Rex Baum, and two anonymous reviewers have provided
comments and suggested revisions which have greatly improved this paper.
NR 62
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 3
U2 33
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1612-510X
J9 LANDSLIDES
JI Landslides
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 10
IS 5
BP 547
EP 562
DI 10.1007/s10346-012-0341-9
PG 16
WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Geology
GA 227LY
UT WOS:000325115700002
ER
PT J
AU Jones, TA
Otkin, JA
Stensrud, DJ
Knopfmeier, K
AF Jones, Thomas A.
Otkin, Jason A.
Stensrud, David J.
Knopfmeier, Kent
TI Assimilation of Satellite Infrared Radiances and Doppler Radar
Observations during a Cool Season Observing System Simulation Experiment
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
DE Radars; Radar observations; Satellite observations; Data assimilation;
Ensembles; Model evaluation; performance
ID ENSEMBLE KALMAN FILTER; MULTICASE COMPARATIVE-ASSESSMENT; STORM-SCALE
ANALYSES; SSI ANALYSIS SYSTEM; PART II; CONVECTIVE PARAMETERIZATION;
MODEL; 4D-VAR; IMPACT; ECMWF
AB An observing system simulation experiment is used to examine the impact of assimilating water vapor-sensitive satellite infrared brightness temperatures and Doppler radar reflectivity and radial velocity observations on the analysis accuracy of a cool season extratropical cyclone. Assimilation experiments are performed for four different combinations of satellite, radar, and conventional observations using an ensemble Kalman filter assimilation system. Comparison with the high-resolution truth simulation indicates that the joint assimilation of satellite and radar observations reduces errors in cloud properties compared to the case in which only conventional observations are assimilated. The satellite observations provide the most impact in the mid- to upper troposphere, whereas the radar data also improve the cloud analysis near the surface and aloft as a result of their greater vertical resolution and larger overall sample size. Errors in the wind field are also significantly reduced when radar radial velocity observations were assimilated. Overall, assimilating both satellite and radar data creates the most accurate model analysis, which indicates that both observation types provide independent and complimentary information and illustrates the potential for these datasets for improving mesoscale model analyses and ensuing forecasts.
C1 [Jones, Thomas A.; Stensrud, David J.; Knopfmeier, Kent] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Otkin, Jason A.] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Space Sci & Engn, Cooperat Inst Meteorol Satellite Studies, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Stensrud, David J.] NOAA, OAR, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
RP Jones, TA (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM thomas.jones@noaa.gov
RI Otkin, Jason/D-1737-2012
OI Otkin, Jason/0000-0003-4034-7845
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [NA10NES4400013];
NOAA/National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service
(NESDIS); National Science Foundation [OCI-1053575]
FX This work was funded by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration under Grant NA10NES4400013. Additional support was
provided by the NOAA/National Environmental Satellite, Data, and
Information Service (NESDIS). The assimilation experiments were
performed using the NESDIS "S4" supercomputer located at the University
of Wisconsin-Madison and the "ranger" supercomputer located at the Texas
Advanced Computing Center. Ranger is part of the Extreme Science and
Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE) network that is supported by
the National Science Foundation under Grant OCI-1053575. We would also
like to thank the three anonymous reviewers who provided comments that
improved the overall quality of this manuscript.
NR 50
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 141
IS 10
BP 3273
EP 3299
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-12-00267.1
PG 27
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 223UM
UT WOS:000324836800002
ER
PT J
AU Yussouf, N
Mansell, ER
Wicker, LJ
Wheatley, DM
Stensrud, DJ
AF Yussouf, Nusrat
Mansell, Edward R.
Wicker, Louis J.
Wheatley, Dustan M.
Stensrud, David J.
TI The Ensemble Kalman Filter Analyses and Forecasts of the 8 May 2003
Oklahoma City Tornadic Supercell Storm Using Single- and Double-Moment
Microphysics Schemes
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
DE Convective storms; Data assimilation; Ensembles; Numerical weather
prediction; forecasting
ID MULTICASE COMPARATIVE-ASSESSMENT; MULTIMOMENT BULK MICROPHYSICS;
SIMULATED SQUALL LINE; WSR-88D RADAR DATA; WARN-ON-FORECAST; LOW-LEVEL
WIND; DATA ASSIMILATION; PART II; EXPLICIT FORECASTS; CONVECTIVE STORMS
AB A combined mesoscale and storm-scale ensemble data-assimilation and prediction system is developed using the Advanced Research core of the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF-ARW) and the ensemble adjustment Kalman filter (EAKF) from the Data Assimilation Research Testbed (DART) software package for a short-range ensemble forecast of an 8 May 2003 Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, tornadic supercell storm. Traditional atmospheric observations are assimilated into a 45-member mesoscale ensemble over a continental U.S. domain starting 3 days prior to the event. A one-way-nested 45-member storm-scale ensemble is initialized centered on the tornadic event at 2100 UTC on the day of the event. Three radar observation assimilation and forecast experiments are conducted at storm scale using a single-moment, a semi-double-moment, and a full double-moment bulk microphysics scheme. Results indicate that the EAKF initializes the supercell storm into the model with good accuracy after a 1-h-long radar observation assimilation window. The ensemble forecasts capture the movement of the main supercell storm that matches reasonably well with radar observations. The reflectivity structure of the supercell storm using a double-moment microphysics scheme appears to compare better to the observations than that using a single-moment scheme. In addition, the ensemble system predicts the probability of a strong low-level vorticity track of the tornadic supercell that correlates well with the observed rotation track. The rapid 3-min update cycle of the storm-scale ensemble from the radar observations seems to enhance the skill of the ensemble and the confidence of an imminent tornado threat. The encouraging results obtained from this study show promise for a short-range probabilistic storm-scale forecast of supercell thunderstorms, which is the main goal of NOAA's Warn-on-Forecast initiative.
C1 [Yussouf, Nusrat; Wheatley, Dustan M.] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Yussouf, Nusrat; Mansell, Edward R.; Wicker, Louis J.; Wheatley, Dustan M.; Stensrud, David J.] NOAA, OAR, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
RP Yussouf, N (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Natl Weather Ctr, 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM nusrat.yussouf@noaa.gov
FU NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University of
Oklahoma, U.S. Department of Commerce [NA17RJ1227]
FX Kevin Manross provided the quality-controlled and dealiased radar data.
The scripts to run the experiments using DART are provided by Glen
Romine. The WoF group members at NSSL provided valuable suggestions. The
constructive comments of two anonymous reviewers greatly improved the
manuscript. Dr. Thomas Jones proofread the manuscript. Local computer
assistance is provided by Brett Morrow, Steven Fletcher, Brad Swagowitz,
and Karen Cooper. Partial funding for this research was provided by
NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University of
Oklahoma Cooperative Agreement NA17RJ1227, U.S. Department of Commerce.
NR 74
TC 40
Z9 40
U1 1
U2 10
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 141
IS 10
BP 3388
EP 3412
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-12-00237.1
PG 25
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 223UM
UT WOS:000324836800009
ER
PT J
AU Whitaker, JS
Kar, SK
AF Whitaker, Jeffrey S.
Kar, Sajal K.
TI Implicit-Explicit Runge-Kutta Methods for Fast-Slow Wave Problems
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
DE Numerical analysis; modeling; Numerical weather prediction; forecasting
ID SHALLOW-WATER EQUATIONS; TIME-SPLITTING METHODS; ATMOSPHERIC MODELS;
SCHEMES
AB Linear multistage (Runge-Kutta) implicit-explicit (IMEX) time integration schemes for the time integration of fast-wave-slow-wave problems for which the fast wave has low amplitude and need not be accurately simulated are investigated. The authors focus on three-stage, second-order schemes and show that a scheme recently proposed by one of them (Kar) is unstable for purely oscillatory problems. The instability is reduced if the averaging inherent in the implicit part of the scheme is decentered, sacrificing second-order accuracy. Two alternative schemes are proposed with better stability properties for purely oscillatory problems. One of these utilizes a 3-cycle Lorenz scheme for the slow-wave terms and a trapezoidal scheme for the fast-wave terms. The other is a combination of two previously proposed schemes, which is stable for purely oscillatory problems for all fast-wave frequencies when the slow-wave frequency is less than a critical value. The alternative schemes are tested using a global spectral shallow-water model and a version of the NCEP operational global forecast model. The accuracy and stability of the alternative schemes are discussed, along with their computational efficiency.
C1 [Whitaker, Jeffrey S.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Kar, Sajal K.] IM Syst Grp Inc, College Pk, MD USA.
[Kar, Sajal K.] NWS NCEP Environm Modelling Ctr, College Pk, MD USA.
RP Whitaker, JS (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, 325 Broadway R PSD1, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM jeffrey.s.whitaker@noaa.gov
NR 16
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 141
IS 10
BP 3426
EP 3434
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-13-00132.1
PG 9
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 223UM
UT WOS:000324836800011
ER
PT J
AU Chen, MY
Wang, WQ
Kumar, A
AF Chen, Mingyue
Wang, Wanqiu
Kumar, Arun
TI Lagged Ensembles, Forecast Configuration, and Seasonal Predictions
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
DE Ensembles; Seasonal forecasting
ID ATMOSPHERIC VARIABILITY; PREDICTABILITY; SKILL; TELECONNECTIONS;
PRECIPITATION; SIMULATION; ANOMALIES; SIZE; ENSO
AB An analysis of lagged ensemble seasonal forecasts from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Climate Forecast System, version 2 (CFSv2), is presented. The focus of the analysis is on the construction of lagged ensemble forecasts with increasing lead time (thus allowing use of larger ensemble sizes) and its influence on seasonal prediction skill. Predictions of seasonal means of sea surface temperature (SST), 200-hPa height (z200), precipitation, and 2-m air temperature (T2m) over land are analyzed. Measures of prediction skill include deterministic (anomaly correlation and mean square error) and probabilistic [rank probability skill score (RPSS)]. The results show that for a fixed lead time, and as one would expect, the skill of seasonal forecast improves as the ensemble size increases, while for a fixed ensemble size the forecast skill decreases as the lead time becomes longer. However, when a forecast is based on a lagged ensemble, there exists an optimal lagged ensemble time (OLET) when positive influence of increasing ensemble size and negative influence due to an increasing lead time result in a maximum in seasonal prediction skill. The OLET is shown to depend on the geographical location and variable. For precipitation and T2m, OLET is relatively longer and skill gain is larger than that for SST and tropical z200. OLET is also dependent on the skill measure with RPSS having the longest OLET. Results of this analysis will be useful in providing guidelines on the design and understanding relative merits for different configuration of seasonal prediction systems.
C1 [Chen, Mingyue; Wang, Wanqiu; Kumar, Arun] Natl Ctr Environm Predict, Climate Predict Ctr, College Pk, MD USA.
RP Chen, MY (reprint author), NOAA, NCWCP W NP5,5830 Univ Res Court, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM mingyue.chen@noaa.gov
NR 34
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
EI 1520-0493
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 141
IS 10
BP 3477
EP 3497
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-12-00184.1
PG 21
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 223UM
UT WOS:000324836800015
ER
PT J
AU Delle Monache, L
Eckel, FA
Rife, DL
Nagarajan, B
Searight, K
AF Delle Monache, Luca
Eckel, F. Anthony
Rife, Daran L.
Nagarajan, Badrinath
Searight, Keith
TI Probabilistic Weather Prediction with an Analog Ensemble
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
DE Ensembles; Forecasting techniques; Numerical weather prediction;
forecasting; Probability forecasts; models; distribution; Short-range
prediction
ID KALMAN FILTER; RANK HISTOGRAMS; ECONOMIC VALUE; FORECASTS; SYSTEM;
ECMWF; REFORECASTS; SKILL; PERTURBATIONS; CALIBRATION
AB This study explores an analog-based method to generate an ensemble [analog ensemble (AnEn)] in which the probability distribution of the future state of the atmosphere is estimated with a set of past observations that correspond to the best analogs of a deterministic numerical weather prediction (NWP). An analog for a given location and forecast lead time is defined as a past prediction, from the same model, that has similar values for selected features of the current model forecast. The AnEn is evaluated for 0-48-h probabilistic predictions of 10-m wind speed and 2-m temperature over the contiguous United States and against observations provided by 550 surface stations, over the 23 April-31 July 2011 period. The AnEn is generated from the Environment Canada (EC) deterministic Global Environmental Multiscale (GEM) model and a 12-15-month-long training period of forecasts and observations. The skill and value of AnEn predictions are compared with forecasts from a state-of-the-science NWP ensemble system, the 21-member Regional Ensemble Prediction System (REPS). The AnEn exhibits high statistical consistency and reliability and the ability to capture the flow-dependent behavior of errors, and it has equal or superior skill and value compared to forecasts generated via logistic regression (LR) applied to both the deterministic GEM (as in AnEn) and REPS [ensemble model output statistics (EMOS)]. The real-time computational cost of AnEn and LR is lower than EMOS.
C1 [Delle Monache, Luca; Nagarajan, Badrinath; Searight, Keith] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Eckel, F. Anthony] Natl Weather Serv Off Sci & Technol, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Rife, Daran L.] GL Garrad Hassan, San Diego, CA USA.
RP Delle Monache, L (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Res Applicat Lab, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
EM lucadm@ucar.edu
FU U.S. National Weather Service; U.S. Defense Threat Reduction Agency;
U.S. Army Test and Evaluation Command through an interagency agreement
with the National Science Foundation
FX This work was made possible by support from the U.S. National Weather
Service, the U.S. Defense Threat Reduction Agency, and the U.S. Army
Test and Evaluation Command through an interagency agreement with the
National Science Foundation. We are grateful to Martin Charron and
Ronald Frenette (Environment Canada) for providing the REPS and GEM
data, without which the presented analysis could not have been possible.
This paper has been improved by thorough and insightful revisions
provided by three anonymous reviewers, and the valuable comments and
suggestions of Eric Grimit (3TIER); Sue Ellen Haupt, Tara Jensen, and
Daniel Steinhoff (NCAR); Cliff Mass (University of Washington); and
Thomas Nipen (University of British Columbia).
NR 69
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 1
U2 21
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 141
IS 10
BP 3498
EP 3516
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-12-00281.1
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 223UM
UT WOS:000324836800016
ER
PT J
AU Landsea, CW
Franklin, JL
AF Landsea, Christopher W.
Franklin, James L.
TI Atlantic Hurricane Database Uncertainty and Presentation of a New
Database Format
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
DE Atlantic Ocean; Hurricanes; Hurricanes; typhoons; Databases; Error
analysis
ID TROPICAL CYCLONE INTENSITY; SATELLITE IMAGERY; OPERATIONAL USE;
REANALYSIS; IMPROVEMENT; BASIN
AB Best tracks are National Hurricane Center (NHC) poststorm analyses of the intensity, central pressure, position, and size of Atlantic and eastern North Pacific basin tropical and subtropical cyclones. This paper estimates the uncertainty (average error) for Atlantic basin best track parameters through a survey of the NHC Hurricane Specialists who maintain and update the Atlantic hurricane database. A comparison is then made with a survey conducted over a decade ago to qualitatively assess changes in the uncertainties. Finally, the implications of the uncertainty estimates for NHC analysis and forecast products as well as for the prediction goals of the Hurricane Forecast Improvement Program are discussed.
C1 [Landsea, Christopher W.; Franklin, James L.] NOAA, NWS, NCEP, Natl Hurricane Ctr, Miami, FL 33165 USA.
RP Landsea, CW (reprint author), NOAA, NWS, NCEP, Natl Hurricane Ctr, 11691 SW 17th St, Miami, FL 33165 USA.
EM chris.landsea@noaa.gov
FU NOAA Climate Program Office
FX The authors thank the former and current NHC Hurricane Specialists that
contributed their uncertainty estimates to this study: Lixion Avila,
Robbie Berg, Jack Beven, Eric Blake, Mike Brennan, Dan Brown, John
Cangialosi, Jerry Jarrell, Todd Kimberlain, Miles Lawrence, Max
Mayfield, Richard Pasch, Ed Rappaport, and Stacy Stewart. Thanks also go
out to Richard Pasch for his extensive review of an earlier version of
this paper. The paper was improved by thorough and thoughtful comments
of two anonymous reviewers. This work was partially supported by funding
through the NOAA Climate Program Office for the project "Atlantic Basin
Tropical Cyclone Database Reanalysis and Impact of Incomplete Sampling."
NR 45
TC 144
Z9 144
U1 3
U2 19
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 141
IS 10
BP 3576
EP 3592
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-12-00254.1
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 223UM
UT WOS:000324836800020
ER
PT J
AU Marin, JC
Pozo, D
Mlawer, E
Turner, DD
Cure, M
AF Marin, Julio C.
Pozo, Diana
Mlawer, Eli
Turner, David D.
Cure, Michel
TI Dynamics of Local Circulations in Mountainous Terrain during the
RHUBC-II Project
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
DE Topographic effects; Mesoscale forecasting; Numerical weather
prediction; forecasting; Model evaluation; performance
ID SOUTHEAST PACIFIC STRATOCUMULUS; SEMIDIURNAL TIDES; WATER-VAPOR; PART I;
MODEL; PARAMETERIZATION; PRECIPITATION; VALIDATION; AMERICA; CLIMATE
AB The Radiative Heating in Underexplored Bands Campaign (RHUBC-II) project was held from August to October 2009 in the Atacama Desert in Chile at 5320-m altitude. Observations from this experiment and a high-resolution numerical simulation with the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) were used to understand the structure and evolution of the atmosphere over a region with complex terrain and extremely dry environmental conditions. The mechanisms driving the local circulations during synoptically unperturbed conditions at the field site were studied. The study suggests that the field site is mainly affected by a mountain-scale and a plateau-scale thermally driven circulation. The latter seems to dominate. The advection of warm air by downslope flows from higher heights during nighttime may be the mechanism that counteracts the longwave radiative cooling at the surface, causing a small decrease of near-surface temperature during the night. WRF represents the near-surface and upper atmosphere reasonably well above the RHUBC-II site. Important orographic features are misrepresented in the model terrain, which may cause the observed differences in near-surface winds. The zonal pressure gradient between both sides of the mountain and the static stability of the air mass on the windward side of the terrain control the local circulations over the field site. Consequently, a misrepresentation of these mechanisms in the model may cause differences between the simulated winds and observations.
C1 [Marin, Julio C.; Pozo, Diana] Univ Valparaiso, Dept Meteorol, Valparaiso 2340000, Chile.
[Mlawer, Eli] Atmospher & Environm Res Inc, Lexington, MA USA.
[Turner, David D.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Cure, Michel] Univ Valparaiso, Dept Fis & Astron, Valparaiso 2340000, Chile.
RP Marin, JC (reprint author), Univ Valparaiso, Dept Meteorol, Av Gran Bretana 644, Valparaiso 2340000, Chile.
EM julio.marin@meteo.uv.cl
FU Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research,
Climate and Environmental Sciences Division; U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-FG02-06ER64167]; Atmospheric System Research program; ALMA-CONICYT
[31070020, 31110005]
FX The RHUBC-II campaign was organized as part of the U. S. Department of
Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program, which is
sponsored by the Office of Science, Office of Biological and
Environmental Research, Climate and Environmental Sciences Division.
This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy by
Grant DE-FG02-06ER64167 as part of the Atmospheric System Research
program. This research was supported by ALMA-CONICYT Projects 31070020
and 31110005. The CFSR reanalysis is from the Research Data Archive
(RDA), which is maintained by the Computational and Information Systems
Laboratory (CISL) at the National Center for Atmospheric Research
(NCAR). We thank two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments
during the review process that largely improved the quality of the
manuscript.
NR 49
TC 3
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U1 2
U2 11
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
EI 1520-0493
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 141
IS 10
BP 3641
EP 3656
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-12-00245.1
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 223UM
UT WOS:000324836800024
ER
PT J
AU Swales, DJ
Young, GS
Sikora, TD
Winstead, NS
Shirer, HN
AF Swales, Dustin J.
Young, George S.
Sikora, Todd D.
Winstead, Nathaniel S.
Shirer, Hampton N.
TI Synthetic aperture radar remote sensing of shear-driven atmospheric
internal gravity waves in the vicinity of a warm front (vol 140, pg
1872, 2012)
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Swales, Dustin J.] NOAA, Div Phys Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Swales, Dustin J.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Young, George S.; Shirer, Hampton N.] Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Sikora, Todd D.] Millersville Univ Pennsylvania, Dept Earth Sci, Millersville, PA 17551 USA.
[Winstead, Nathaniel S.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD USA.
RP Young, GS (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, 503 Walker Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM g3y@psu.edu
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 141
IS 10
BP 3657
EP 3657
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-13-00146.1
PG 1
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 223UM
UT WOS:000324836800025
ER
PT J
AU Feldman, A
Ahrenkiel, R
Lehman, J
AF Feldman, Ari
Ahrenkiel, Richard
Lehman, John
TI Degradation of photovoltaic devices at high concentration by space
charge limited currents
SO SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
LA English
DT Article
DE Ambipolar mobility; Mobility; Photoconductive decay; RCPCD; Silicon;
Solar cells
ID SURFACE RECOMBINATION VELOCITIES; SILICON; PLASMA; SEMICONDUCTORS;
INTERFACE
AB High-injection mobility reduction is examined by theory, modeling, and experimental data acquired by resonance-coupled photoconductive decay (RCPCD). The ambipolar mobility is shown to reduce to zero when the constituent injection-dependent carrier mobilities are taken into account. Modeling of the photoconductivity incorporating the transient, injection-dependent, ambipolar mobility confirms experimental reduction in signal at increasing carrier-generation rates. The onset of the reduction of mobility occurs at approximately 10 times the background carrier density; thus devices that utilize lightly doped materials are susceptible to anomalous injection-based behavior. For photovoltaic applications, high-injection device-performance degradation would result from mobility reduction due to reduced diffusion length. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Feldman, Ari; Ahrenkiel, Richard] Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Feldman, Ari; Lehman, John] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO USA.
[Ahrenkiel, Richard] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA.
RP Feldman, A (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO USA.
EM ari.feldman@nist.gov
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0927-0248
EI 1879-3398
J9 SOL ENERG MAT SOL C
JI Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 117
SI SI
BP 408
EP 411
DI 10.1016/j.solmat.2013.07.005
PG 4
WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics
GA 228LN
UT WOS:000325188400063
ER
PT J
AU Yoon, HP
Haney, PM
Ruzmetov, D
Xu, H
Leite, MS
Hamadani, BH
Talin, AA
Zhitenev, NB
AF Yoon, Heayoung P.
Haney, Paul M.
Ruzmetov, Dmitry
Xu, Hua
Leite, Marina S.
Hamadani, Behrang H.
Talin, A. Alec
Zhitenev, Nikolai B.
TI Local electrical characterization of cadmium telluride solar cells using
low-energy electron beam
SO SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
LA English
DT Article
DE EBIC; CdTe; FIB; Grain boundary; Electron beam; Local characterization
ID MICROSCOPY
AB We investigate local electronic properties of cadmium telluride solar cells using electron beam induced current (EBIC) measurements with patterned contacts. EBIC measurements are performed with a spatial resolution as high as approximate to 20 nm both on the top surface and throughout the cross-section of the device, revealing a remarkable degree of electrical inhomogeneity near the p-n junction and enhanced carrier collection in the vicinity of grain boundaries (GB). Simulation results of low energy EBIC suggest that the band bending near a GB is downward, with a magnitude of at least 0.2 eV for the most effective current-collecting GBs. Furthermore, we demonstrate a new approach to investigate local open-circuit voltage by applying an external bias across electrical contact with a point electron-beam injection. The length scale of the nanocontacts is on the length scale of a single or a few grains, confining current path with highly localized photo-generated carriers. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Yoon, Heayoung P.; Haney, Paul M.; Ruzmetov, Dmitry; Xu, Hua; Leite, Marina S.; Talin, A. Alec; Zhitenev, Nikolai B.] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Hamadani, Behrang H.] NIST, Div Energy & Environm, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Yoon, Heayoung P.; Ruzmetov, Dmitry; Xu, Hua; Leite, Marina S.] Univ Maryland, Maryland Nanoctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Yoon, HP (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM heayoung.yoon@nist.gov; paul.haney@nist.gov
RI Zhitenev, Nikolai/N-1780-2014
FU University of Maryland; National Institute of Standards and Technology
Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology through the University of
Maryland [70NANB10H193]
FX The authors thank Glenn Holland, Alan Band, David Rutter, Steve
Blankenship, Joshua Schumacher, and Trevan Landin for helping on sample
preparation and instrumentation. Also we thank David Gundlach. and James
Basham for light I-V measurements. H. P. Yoon thanks J. Alexander Liddle
for valuable discussions on the high resolution imaging of
nanostructures. H. P. Yoon., D. Ruzmetov, H. Xu, and M. S. Leite
acknowledge support under the Cooperative Research Agreement between the
University of Maryland and the National Institute of Standards and
Technology Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, award
70NANB10H193, through the University of Maryland.
NR 19
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 3
U2 37
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0927-0248
J9 SOL ENERG MAT SOL C
JI Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 117
SI SI
BP 499
EP 504
DI 10.1016/j.solmat.2013.07.024
PG 6
WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics
GA 228LN
UT WOS:000325188400076
ER
PT J
AU Calhoun, DM
Curran, SS
Pulis, EE
Provaznik, JM
Franks, JS
AF Calhoun, Dana M.
Curran, Stephen S.
Pulis, Eric E.
Provaznik, Jennifer M.
Franks, James S.
TI Hirudinella ventricosa (Pallas, 1774) Baird, 1853 represents a species
complex based on ribosomal DNA
SO SYSTEMATIC PARASITOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; STOMACH CONTENTS; BIOLOGICAL TAGS; ATLANTIC-OCEAN;
TREMATODA; DIGENEA; PLATYHELMINTHES; HEMIUROIDEA; PARASITES; PACIFIC
AB Digeneans in the genus Hirudinella de Blainville, 1828 (Hirudinellidae) from three species of pelagic fishes, Acanthocybium solandri (Cuvier), Makaira nigricans Lac,pSde and Thunnus albacares (Bonnaterre), and one benthic fish, Mulloidichthys martinicus (Cuvier), from the Gulf of Mexico are investigated using comparison of ribosomal DNA. Four species are identified based on molecular differences: Hirudinella ventricosa (Pallas, 1774) Baird, 1853 from A. solandri, Hirudinella ahi Yamaguti, 1970 from T. albacares, and two unidentified but distinct species of Hirudinella, herein referred to as Hirudinella sp. A (from both M. nigricans and M. martinicus) and Hirudinella sp. B from M. nigricans. Additionally, H. ahi, based tentatively on morphological identification, is reported from Thunnus thynnus (Linnaeus). This represents the first record of a hirudinellid from M. martinicus and the first record of H. ahi from T. thynnus. A phylogeny of some Hemiurata Skrjabin & Guschanskaja, 1954 using partial fragments of the 28S rDNA sequences is consistent with earlier phylogenies and the position of the Hirudinellidae Dollfus, 1932 is well-supported as a derived group most closely related to the Syncoeliidae Looss, 1899.
C1 [Calhoun, Dana M.; Curran, Stephen S.; Pulis, Eric E.; Franks, James S.] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Coastal Sci, Ocean Springs, MS 39564 USA.
[Provaznik, Jennifer M.] NOAA, Mississippi Labs, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr SEFSC, Pascagoula, MS 39567 USA.
RP Calhoun, DM (reprint author), Univ So Mississippi, Dept Coastal Sci, 703 East Beach Dr, Ocean Springs, MS 39564 USA.
EM dana.calhoun@colorado.edu
OI Pulis, Eric/0000-0002-1695-7953
FU National Science Foundation [0529684]; RAPID [1055071]; USDC, NOAA
[NA08NOS4730322]; Mississippi Department of Marine Resources
[S-11-USM-GCRL, M10AF20151]
FX We would like to thank Robin M. Overstreet for advice, and Lynnae C.
Manuel, Jean Jovonvich Alvillar, and Janet Wright, for their assistance
with DNA extractions (all from The University of Southern Mississippi,
USM). We are also grateful to: Vasyl V. Tkach (University of North
Dakota) for his great efforts in attempting to extract DNA from
problematic worms; Kenneth Keene from the Southeast Fisheries Science
Center Pelagic Observer Program in Miami, Florida, U.S.A. for
facilitating collections; Bobby Carter, director of the Mississippi Gulf
Coast Billfish Classic, and participating anglers; Bill Haffner,
director of the Mobile Big Game Fishing Club, and participating anglers;
Paul Grammer (USM), Sarah Ashworth (USM) and Michael Buchanan
(Mississippi Department of Marine Resources) for facilitating
collections. Two anonymous reviewers provided helpful suggestions for
improving the manuscript. This material is based on work supported by
the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0529684, RAPID 1055071,
as well as USDC, NOAA award no. NA08NOS4730322. The work was also
supported by Mississippi Department of Marine Resources Sub-Grant
S-11-USM-GCRL and USDI/MS DMR MSCIAP MS.R. 798 Award M10AF20151.
NR 49
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-5752
J9 SYST PARASITOL
JI Syst. Parasitol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 86
IS 2
BP 197
EP 208
DI 10.1007/s11230-013-9439-2
PG 12
WC Parasitology
SC Parasitology
GA 221FY
UT WOS:000324644500008
PM 24048751
ER
PT J
AU Sheth, K
Amis, T
Gutierrez-Nolasco, S
Sridhar, B
Mulfinger, D
AF Sheth, Kapil
Amis, Thomas
Gutierrez-Nolasco, Sebastian
Sridhar, Banavar
Mulfinger, Daniel
TI Development of a Probabilistic Convective Weather Forecast Threshold
Parameter for Flight-Routing Decisions
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
DE Aircraft observations; Probability forecasts; models; distribution;
Transportation meteorology
AB This paper presents a method for determining a threshold value of probabilistic convective weather forecast data. By synchronizing air traffic data and an experimental probabilistic convective weather forecast product, it was observed that aircraft avoid areas of specific forecasted probability. Both intensity and echo top of the forecasted weather were synchronized with air traffic data to derive the probability threshold parameter. This value can be used by dispatchers for flight planning and by air traffic managers to reroute streams of aircraft around convective cells. The main contribution of this paper is to provide a method to compute the probability threshold parameters using a specific experimental probabilistic convective forecast product providing hourly guidance up to 6 h. Air traffic and weather data for a 4-month period during the summer of 2007 were used to compute the parameters for the continental United States. The results are shown for different altitudes, times of day, aircraft types, and airspace users. Threshold values for each of the 20 Air Route Traffic Control Centers were also computed. Additional details are presented for seven high-altitude sectors in the Fort Worth, Texas, center. For the analysis reported here, flight intent was not considered and no assessment of flight deviation was conducted since only aircraft tracks were used.
C1 [Sheth, Kapil; Sridhar, Banavar; Mulfinger, Daniel] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Amis, Thomas] Natl Weather Serv, Ft Worth, TX USA.
[Gutierrez-Nolasco, Sebastian] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Moffett Field, CA USA.
RP Sheth, K (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, MS 210-15, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
EM kapil.sheth@nasa.gov
NR 29
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 28
IS 5
BP 1175
EP 1187
DI 10.1175/WAF-D-12-00052.1
PG 13
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 229MQ
UT WOS:000325270500006
ER
PT J
AU Brotzge, JA
Nelson, SE
Thompson, RL
Smith, BT
AF Brotzge, Jerald A.
Nelson, Steven E.
Thompson, Richard L.
Smith, Bryan T.
TI Tornado Probability of Detection and Lead Time as a Function of
Convective Mode and Environmental Parameters
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
DE Mesocyclones; Tornadoes; Storm environments; Radars; Radar observations;
Mesoscale forecasting; Operational forecasting
ID SIGNIFICANT SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS; SEVERE WEATHER REPORTS; WARNINGS;
CLASSIFICATION; CLIMATOLOGY; CYCLE
AB The ability to provide advanced warning on tornadoes can be impacted by variations in storm mode. This research evaluates 2 yr of National Weather Service (NWS) tornado warnings, verification reports, and radar-derived convective modes to appraise the ability of the NWS to warn across a variety of convective modes and environmental conditions. Several specific hypotheses are considered: (i) supercell morphologies are the easiest convective modes to warn for tornadoes and yield the greatest lead times, while tornadoes from more linear, nonsupercell convective modes, such as quasi-linear convective systems, are more difficult to warn for; (ii) parameters such as tornado distance from radar, population density, and tornado intensity (F scale) introduce significant and complex variability into warning statistics as a function of storm mode; and (iii) tornadoes from stronger storms, as measured by their mesocyclone strength (when present), convective available potential energy (CAPE), vertical wind shear, and significant tornado parameter (STP) are easier to warn for than tornadoes from weaker systems. Results confirmed these hypotheses. Supercell morphologies caused 97% of tornado fatalities, 96% of injuries, and 92% of damage during the study period. Tornado warnings for supercells had a statistically higher probability of detection (POD) and lead time than tornado warnings for nonsupercells; among supercell storms, tornadoes from supercells in lines were slightly more difficult to warn for than tornadoes from discrete or clusters of supercells. F-scale intensity and distance from radar had some impact on POD, with less impact on lead times. Higher mesocyclone strength (when applicable), CAPE, wind shear, and STP values were associated with greater tornado POD and lead times.
C1 [Brotzge, Jerald A.] Univ Oklahoma, Ctr Anal & Predict Storms, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Nelson, Steven E.] NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Peachtree City, GA USA.
[Thompson, Richard L.; Smith, Bryan T.] NOAA, NWS, NCEP, SPC, Norman, OK USA.
RP Brotzge, JA (reprint author), Ctr Anal & Predict Storms, 120 David L Boren Blvd,Ste 2500, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM jbrotzge@ou.edu
FU Engineering Research Centers Program of the National Science Foundation
under NSF Award [0313747]
FX The authors thank Dr. Matthew Bunkers and two anonymous reviewers for
their thoughtful and constructive input. This work is supported by the
Engineering Research Centers Program of the National Science Foundation
under NSF Award 0313747. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or
recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and
do not necessarily reflect those of the National Science Foundation.
NR 27
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 15
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 28
IS 5
BP 1261
EP 1276
DI 10.1175/WAF-D-12-00119.1
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 229MQ
UT WOS:000325270500011
ER
PT J
AU MacCuspie, RI
Gorka, DE
AF MacCuspie, Robert I.
Gorka, Danielle E.
TI Refining the statistical model for quantitative immunostaining of
surface-functionalized nanoparticles by AFM
SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Gold nanoparticles; Atomic force microscopy; Quantitative
immunostaining; Functionalized AuNPs
ID GOLD NANOPARTICLES; MICROSCOPY; NANOTECHNOLOGY; THERAPEUTICS;
ANTIBODIES; AGENTS
AB Recently, an atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based approach for quantifying the number of biological molecules conjugated to a nanoparticle surface at low number densities was reported. The number of target molecules conjugated to the analyte nanoparticle can be determined with single nanoparticle fidelity using antibody-mediated self-assembly to decorate the analyte nanoparticles with probe nanoparticles (i.e., quantitative immunostaining). This work refines the statistical models used to quantitatively interpret the observations when AFM is used to image the resulting structures. The refinements add terms to the previous statistical models to account for the physical sizes of the analyte nanoparticles, conjugated molecules, antibodies, and probe nanoparticles. Thus, a more physically realistic statistical computation can be implemented for a given sample of known qualitative composition, using the software scripts provided. Example AFM data sets, using horseradish peroxidase conjugated to gold nanoparticles, are presented to illustrate how to implement this method successfully.
C1 [MacCuspie, Robert I.; Gorka, Danielle E.] NIST, Mat Measurements Sci Div, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP MacCuspie, RI (reprint author), Florida Polytech Univ, Nanotechnol & Multifunct Mat Program, Lakeland, FL 33801 USA.
EM rmaccuspie@floridapolytechnic.org
OI MacCuspie, Robert/0000-0002-6618-6499
NR 37
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 11
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1618-2642
J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 405
IS 25
BP 8197
EP 8206
DI 10.1007/s00216-013-7233-2
PG 10
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 220MD
UT WOS:000324587400025
PM 23900671
ER
PT J
AU Mansfield, E
Kar, A
Wang, CM
Chiaramonti, AN
AF Mansfield, Elisabeth
Kar, Aparna
Wang, C. M.
Chiaramonti, Ann N.
TI Statistical sampling of carbon nanotube populations by thermogravimetric
analysis
SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Thermogravimetric analysis; Carbon nanotubes; Statistical significance
ID PURIFICATION
AB Carbon nanotubes are one of the most promising nanomaterials available with applications in electronics devices, sensing, batteries, composites and medicine. Strict control of the carbon nanotube chemistry and properties is necessary as the applications proceed into more specialized areas. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) is one analytical method currently utilized for the characterization of carbon nanotubes. Though TGA can provide quantitative measurements of the composition of a sample, many researchers do not ensure the variance of the sample is properly captured. This research demonstrates for four single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) samples how to statistically evaluate the material with TGA to ensure that the variance within the material is represented. SEM results are used to help reach conclusions about purity of the material by providing a visual means for inspection. This data is used to select the SWCNT material with the lowest variability and highest quality, as evaluated by composition and reproducibility.
C1 [Mansfield, Elisabeth; Kar, Aparna; Chiaramonti, Ann N.] NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Wang, C. M.] NIST, Stat Engn Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Mansfield, E (reprint author), NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM elisabeth.mansfield@nist.gov
NR 26
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 25
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1618-2642
J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 405
IS 25
BP 8207
EP 8213
DI 10.1007/s00216-013-7221-6
PG 7
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 220MD
UT WOS:000324587400026
PM 23852081
ER
PT J
AU Lin, NH
Tsay, SC
Maring, HB
Yen, MC
Sheu, GR
Wang, SH
Chi, KH
Chuang, MT
Ou-Yang, CF
Fu, JS
Reid, JS
Lee, CT
Wang, LC
Wang, JL
Hsu, CN
Sayer, AM
Holben, BN
Chu, YC
Nguyen, XA
Sopajaree, K
Chen, SJ
Cheng, MT
Tsuang, BJ
Tsai, CJ
Peng, CM
Schnell, RC
Conway, T
Chang, CT
Lin, KS
Tsai, YI
Lee, WJ
Chang, SC
Liu, JJ
Chiang, WL
Huang, SJ
Lin, TH
Liu, GR
AF Lin, Neng-Huei
Tsay, Si-Chee
Maring, Hal B.
Yen, Ming-Cheng
Sheu, Guey-Rong
Wang, Sheng-Hsiang
Chi, Kai Hsien
Chuang, Ming-Tung
Ou-Yang, Chang-Feng
Fu, Joshua S.
Reid, Jeffrey S.
Lee, Chung-Te
Wang, Lin-Chi
Wang, Jia-Lin
Hsu, Christina N.
Sayer, Andrew M.
Holben, Brent N.
Chu, Yu-Chi
Nguyen, Xuan Anh
Sopajaree, Khajornsak
Chen, Shui-Jen
Cheng, Man-Ting
Tsuang, Ben-Jei
Tsai, Chuen-Jinn
Peng, Chi-Ming
Schnell, Russell C.
Conway, Tom
Chang, Chang-Tang
Lin, Kuen-Song
Tsai, Ying I.
Lee, Wen-Jhy
Chang, Shuenn-Chin
Liu, Jyh-Jian
Chiang, Wei-Li
Huang, Shih-Jen
Lin, Tang-Huang
Liu, Gin-Rong
TI An overview of regional experiments on biomass burning aerosols and
related pollutants in Southeast Asia: From BASE-ASIA and the Dongsha
Experiment to 7-SEAS
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE Biomass burning; Aerosol; Air toxics; Southeast Asia; 7-SEAS; BASE-ASIA;
Dongsha Experiment
ID LONG-RANGE TRANSPORT; TRACE-P EXPERIMENT; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES;
AIR-QUALITY; CHINA SEA; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; ATMOSPHERIC MERCURY;
MARITIME CONTINENT; PCDD/F EMISSIONS; RICE STRAW
AB By modulating the Earth-atmosphere energy, hydrological and biogeochemical cycles, and affecting regional-to-global weather and climate, biomass burning is recognized as one of the major factors affecting the global carbon cycle. However, few comprehensive and wide-ranging experiments have been conducted to characterize biomass-burning pollutants in Southeast Asia (SEA) or assess their regional impact on meteorology, the hydrological cycle, the radiative budget, or climate change. Recently, BASE-ASIA (Biomass-burning Aerosols in South-East Asia: Smoke Impact Assessment) and the 7-SEAS (7-South-East Asian Studies)/Dongsha Experiment were conducted during the spring seasons of 2006 and 2010 in northern SEA, respectively, to characterize the chemical, physical, and radiative properties of biomass-burning emissions near the source regions, and assess their effects. This paper provides an overview of results from these two campaigns and related studies collected in this special issue, entitled "Observation, modeling and impact studies of biomass burning and pollution in the SE Asian Environment". This volume includes 28 papers, which provide a synopsis of the experiments, regional weather/climate, chemical characterization of biomass-burning aerosols and related pollutants in source and sink regions, the spatial distribution of air toxics (atmospheric mercury and dioxins) in source and remote areas, a characterization of aerosol physical, optical, and radiative properties, as well as modeling and impact studies. These studies, taken together, provide the first relatively complete dataset of aerosol chemistry and physical observations conducted in the source/sink region in the northern SEA, with particular emphasis on the marine boundary layer and lower free troposphere (LFT). The data, analysis and modeling included in these papers advance our present knowledge of source characterization of biomass-burning pollutants near the source regions as well as the physical and chemical processes along transport pathways. In addition, we raise key questions to be addressed by a coming deployment during springtime 2013 in northern SEA, named 7-SEAS/BASELInE (Biomass-burning Aerosols & Stratocumulus Environment: Lifecycles and Interactions Experiment). This campaign will include a synergistic approach for further exploring many key atmospheric processes (e.g., complex aerosol-cloud interactions) and impacts of biomass burning on the surface-atmosphere energy budgets during the lifecycles of biomass-burning emissions. (c) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lin, Neng-Huei; Yen, Ming-Cheng; Sheu, Guey-Rong; Wang, Sheng-Hsiang] Natl Cent Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Chungli 32054, Taiwan.
[Tsay, Si-Chee; Hsu, Christina N.; Sayer, Andrew M.; Holben, Brent N.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Maring, Hal B.] NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC USA.
[Wang, Sheng-Hsiang] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Chi, Kai Hsien] Natl Yang Ming Univ, Inst Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
[Chuang, Ming-Tung; Lee, Chung-Te] Natl Cent Univ, Grad Inst Environm Engn, Chungli 32054, Taiwan.
[Ou-Yang, Chang-Feng; Wang, Jia-Lin] Natl Cent Univ, Dept Chem, Chungli 32054, Taiwan.
[Fu, Joshua S.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Knoxville, TN USA.
[Fu, Joshua S.] UTK ORNL, Ctr Interdisciplinary Res & Grad Educ, Knoxville, TN USA.
[Reid, Jeffrey S.] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA.
[Wang, Lin-Chi] Cheng Shiu Univ, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
[Wang, Lin-Chi] Cheng Shiu Univ, Super Micro Mass Res & Technol Ctr, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
[Sayer, Andrew M.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD 90034 USA.
[Chu, Yu-Chi; Chang, Shuenn-Chin; Liu, Jyh-Jian; Chiang, Wei-Li] Taiwan Environm Protect Adm, Taipei, Taiwan.
[Nguyen, Xuan Anh] Vietnam Acad Sci & Technol, Inst Geophys, Hanoi, Vietnam.
[Sopajaree, Khajornsak] Chiang Mai Univ, Dept Environm Engn, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand.
[Chen, Shui-Jen] Natl Pingtung Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Environm Engn & Sci, Nei Pu, Pingtung, Taiwan.
[Cheng, Man-Ting; Tsuang, Ben-Jei] Natl Chung Hsing Univ, Dept Environm Engn, Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
[Tsai, Chuen-Jinn] Nation Chiao Tung Univ, Inst Environm Engn, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
[Peng, Chi-Ming] WeatherRisk Explore Inc, Taipei, Taiwan.
[Schnell, Russell C.; Conway, Tom] NOAA, ESRL, Global Monitoring Div, Boulder, CO USA.
[Chang, Chang-Tang] Natl Ilan Univ, Dept Environm Engn, Yilan, Taiwan.
[Lin, Kuen-Song] Yuan Ze Univ, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Chungli, Taiwan.
[Tsai, Ying I.] Chia Nan Univ Pharm & Sci, Dept Environm Resources Management, Tainan, Taiwan.
[Tsai, Ying I.] Chia Nan Univ Pharm & Sci, Dept Environm Engn & Sci, Tainan, Taiwan.
[Lee, Wen-Jhy] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Environm Engn, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
[Huang, Shih-Jen] Natl Taiwan Ocean Univ, Dept Marine Environm Informat, Keelung, Taiwan.
[Lin, Tang-Huang; Liu, Gin-Rong] Natl Cent Univ, Ctr Space & Remote Sensing Res, Chungli 32054, Taiwan.
RP Lin, NH (reprint author), Natl Cent Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Chungli 32054, Taiwan.
EM nhlin@cc.ncu.edu.tw
RI Reid, Jeffrey/B-7633-2014; Tsay, Si-Chee/J-1147-2014; Wang,
Lin-Chi/A-1397-2012; Wang, Sheng-Hsiang/F-4532-2010; Ou-Yang,
Chang-Feng/R-2271-2016; Sayer, Andrew/H-2314-2012
OI Reid, Jeffrey/0000-0002-5147-7955; Wang, Lin-Chi/0000-0002-5126-1046;
Wang, Sheng-Hsiang/0000-0001-9675-3135; Ou-Yang,
Chang-Feng/0000-0002-8477-3013; Sayer, Andrew/0000-0001-9149-1789
NR 128
TC 59
Z9 60
U1 7
U2 112
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
EI 1873-2844
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 78
SI SI
BP 1
EP 19
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.04.066
PG 19
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 220RW
UT WOS:000324605600001
ER
PT J
AU Tsay, SC
Hsu, NC
Lau, WKM
Li, C
Gabriel, PM
Ji, Q
Holben, BN
Welton, EJ
Nguyen, AX
Janjai, S
Lin, NH
Reid, JS
Boonjawat, J
Howell, SG
Huebert, BJ
Fu, JS
Hansen, RA
Sayer, AM
Gautam, R
Wang, SH
Goodloe, CS
Miko, LR
Shu, PK
Loftus, AM
Huang, J
Kim, JY
Jeong, MJ
Pantina, P
AF Tsay, Si-Chee
Hsu, N. Christina
Lau, William K. -M.
Li, Can
Gabriel, Philip M.
Ji, Qiang
Holben, Brent N.
Welton, E. Judd
Nguyen, Anh X.
Janjai, Serm
Lin, Neng-Huei
Reid, Jeffrey S.
Boonjawat, Jariya
Howell, Steven G.
Huebert, Barry J.
Fu, Joshua S.
Hansen, Richard A.
Sayer, Andrew M.
Gautam, Ritesh
Wang, Sheng-Hsiang
Goodloe, Colby S.
Miko, Laddawan R.
Shu, Peter K.
Loftus, Adrian M.
Huang, Jingfeng
Kim, Jin Young
Jeong, Myeong-Jae
Pantina, Peter
TI From BASE-ASIA toward 7-SEAS: A satellite-surface perspective of boreal
spring biomass-burning aerosols and clouds in Southeast Asia
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Biomass-burning; Aerosol; Cloud; Southeast Asia; BASE-ASIA; 7-SEAS
ID ATMOSPHERIC BROWN CLOUDS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE; FIRE
EMISSIONS; SMOKE AEROSOLS; PART II; IMPACT; CLIMATE; PRECIPITATION;
MICROPHYSICS
AB In this paper, we present recent field studies conducted by NASA's SMART-COMMIT (and ACHIEVE, to be operated in 2013) mobile laboratories, jointly with distributed ground-based networks (e.g., AERONET, http://aeronet.gsfc.nasa.gov/ and MPLNET, http://mplnet.gsfc.nasa.gov/) and other contributing instruments over northern Southeast Asia. These three mobile laboratories, collectively called SMARTLabs (cf. http://smartlabs.gsfc.nasa.gov/, Surface-based Mobile Atmospheric Research & Testbed Laboratories) comprise a suite of surface remote sensing and in-situ instruments that are pivotal in providing high spectral and temporal measurements, complementing the collocated spatial observations from various Earth Observing System (EOS) satellites. A satellite-surface perspective and scientific findings, drawn from the BASE-ASIA (2006) field deployment as well as a series of ongoing 7-SEAS (2010-13) field activities over northern Southeast Asia are summarized, concerning (i) regional properties of aerosols from satellite and in-situ measurements, (ii) cloud properties from remote sensing and surface observations, (iii) vertical distribution of aerosols and clouds, and (iv) regional aerosol radiative effects and impact assessment. The aerosol burden over Southeast Asia in boreal spring, attributed to biomass burning, exhibits highly consistent spatial and temporal distribution patterns, with major variability arising from changes in the magnitude of the aerosol loading mediated by processes ranging from large-scale climate factors to diurnal meteorological events. Downwind from the source regions, the tightly coupled-aerosol cloud system provides a unique, natural laboratory for further exploring the micro- and macro-scale relationships of the complex interactions. The climatic significance is presented through large-scale anti-correlations between aerosol and precipitation anomalies, showing spatial and seasonal variability, but their precise cause-and-effect relationships remain an open-ended question. To facilitate an improved understanding of the regional aerosol radiative effects, which continue to be one of the largest uncertainties in climate forcing, a joint international effort is required and anticipated to commence in springtime 2013 in northern Southeast Asia. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Tsay, Si-Chee; Hsu, N. Christina; Lau, William K. -M.; Li, Can; Ji, Qiang; Holben, Brent N.; Welton, E. Judd; Hansen, Richard A.; Sayer, Andrew M.; Gautam, Ritesh; Goodloe, Colby S.; Miko, Laddawan R.; Shu, Peter K.; Pantina, Peter] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Li, Can; Ji, Qiang; Hansen, Richard A.; Huang, Jingfeng] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Gabriel, Philip M.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Nguyen, Anh X.] Vietnam Acad Sci & Technol, Hanoi, Vietnam.
[Janjai, Serm] Silpakom Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
[Lin, Neng-Huei; Wang, Sheng-Hsiang] Natl Cent Univ, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
[Reid, Jeffrey S.] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA.
[Boonjawat, Jariya] Chulalongkorn Univ, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
[Howell, Steven G.; Huebert, Barry J.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Fu, Joshua S.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USA.
[Sayer, Andrew M.; Gautam, Ritesh] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD 90034 USA.
[Loftus, Adrian M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Postdoctoral Program, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Huang, Jingfeng] NOAA, NESDIS, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD USA.
[Kim, Jin Young] Korea Inst Sci & Technol, Seoul, South Korea.
[Jeong, Myeong-Jae] Gangneung Wonju Natl Univ, Gaungneung, Gangwondo, South Korea.
[Pantina, Peter] Sci Syst & Applications Inc, Lanham, MD USA.
RP Tsay, SC (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 613, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM si-chee.tsay@nasa.gov
RI Reid, Jeffrey/B-7633-2014; Li, Can/F-6867-2011; Huang,
Jingfeng/D-7336-2012; Loftus, Adrian/J-1148-2014; Tsay,
Si-Chee/J-1147-2014; Lau, William /E-1510-2012; Wang,
Sheng-Hsiang/F-4532-2010; Gautam, Ritesh/E-9776-2010; Sayer,
Andrew/H-2314-2012
OI Reid, Jeffrey/0000-0002-5147-7955; Huang, Jingfeng/0000-0002-8779-2922;
Lau, William /0000-0002-3587-3691; Wang,
Sheng-Hsiang/0000-0001-9675-3135; Gautam, Ritesh/0000-0002-2177-9346;
Sayer, Andrew/0000-0001-9149-1789
FU NASA Interdisciplinary Studies (IDS) project, "Effects of biomass
burning on Asian Monsoon water cycle and climate"
FX The lead author thanks the continuous support of SMARTLabs deployments
in Southeast Asia, as part of NASA Radiation Sciences Program managed by
Dr. Hal B. Maring. Deployment of 7-SEAS/Son La IOP and data analysis are
funded by NASA Interdisciplinary Studies (IDS) project, "Effects of
biomass burning on Asian Monsoon water cycle and climate." We thank the
NASA/EOS science teams of TOMS/OMI/SeaWiFS/MODIS/CALIPSO and
AERONET/MPLNET for providing satellite and network data, respectively.
The authors also gratefully acknowledge the team efforts led by J.
Boonjawat (Southeast Asia START Regional Center at Chulalongkorn
University, Thailand) and K. Bhuranapanon (Head of Phimai observatory
and radar station, Bureau of Royal Rainmaking and Agricultural Aviation,
Thailand) for supporting BASE-ASIA deployment, and by Anh X. Nguyen
(Institute of Geophysics at Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology,
Vietnam), S. Janjai (Department of Physics at Silpakorn University,
Thailand), and N.-H. Lin (Department of Atmospheric Sciences at National
Central University, Taiwan) in supporting 7-SEAS IOPs (2010-2012) over
northern Southeast Asia.
NR 84
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U1 1
U2 26
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
EI 1873-2844
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 78
SI SI
BP 20
EP 34
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.12.013
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 220RW
UT WOS:000324605600002
ER
PT J
AU Cheng, FY
Yang, ZM
Ou-Yang, CF
Ngan, F
AF Cheng, Fang-Yi
Yang, Zhih-Min
Ou-Yang, Chang-Feng
Ngan, Fong
TI A numerical study of the dependence of long-range transport of CO to a
mountain station in Taiwan on synoptic weather patterns during the
Southeast Asia biomass-burning season
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Weather classification; Synoptic weather pattern; Biomass-burning;
Carbon monoxide; Transport mechanism
ID MODEL; SYSTEM; OZONE
AB This study is conducted to identify the synoptic weather patterns that are prone to cause high carbon monoxide (CO) concentrations observed at a mountain site, Lulin atmospheric background station (LABS), in Taiwan due to the biomass-burning activity in Southeast (SE) Asia. LABS is recognized as a clean background station. The study period targets the biomass-burning season (February to May) from 2007 to 2010. The synoptic weather patterns were classified using a two-stage clustering method with inputs from the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) meteorological model simulation result in a 27-km spatial grid. A 9-km resolution WRF modeling was performed additionally for 13 to 26 March 2007, when a high CO concentration reaching 500 ppb was observed at LABS. The simulation result indicates that not only the existence of the thermal forcing induced low pressure system formed in Indochina, but also the presence of the high terrain located in the northern part of SE Asia that further forced the uplift of the biomass-burning emissions. On the other hand, when the northeasterly monsoonal flow is strong enough and intruding into Indochina, this would hinder the development of the thermal low and weaken the upward movements, in turn preventing the transport of biomass-burning emissions from Indochina to the area of Taiwan. The simulation results also demonstrate that the location of the SE Asia high pressure system has a moderate effect on the particle dispersion path in the upper level. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Cheng, Fang-Yi; Yang, Zhih-Min] Natl Cent Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Chungli 32054, Tao Yuan County, Taiwan.
[Ou-Yang, Chang-Feng] Natl Cent Univ, Dept Chem, Chungli 32054, Tao Yuan County, Taiwan.
[Ngan, Fong] NOAA, Air Res Lab, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Cheng, FY (reprint author), Natl Cent Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, 300 Chun Da Rd, Chungli 32054, Tao Yuan County, Taiwan.
EM bonniecheng18@gmail.com
RI Ngan, Fong/G-1324-2012; Ou-Yang, Chang-Feng/R-2271-2016
OI Ngan, Fong/0000-0002-7263-7727; Ou-Yang, Chang-Feng/0000-0002-8477-3013
FU National Science Council, Taiwan [NSC-100-2111-M-008-001]
FX This study was conducted under the research project entitled "Study the
effect of boundary layer meteorology on the biomass burning air
pollutant in East Asia and Taiwan area" supported by the National
Science Council, Taiwan, NSC-100-2111-M-008-001. The authors acknowledge
Dr. Neng-Huei Lin as the principal investigator of the LABS project. The
authors gratefully acknowledge the NOAA Air Resources Laboratory (ARL)
for the provision of the HYSPLIT transport and dispersion model and/or
READY website (http://ready.arl.noaa.gov) used in this publication.
NR 23
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 12
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 78
SI SI
BP 277
EP 290
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.03.020
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 220RW
UT WOS:000324605600027
ER
PT J
AU Milford, C
Castell, N
Marrero, C
Rodriguez, S
de la Campa, AMS
Fernandez-Camacho, R
de la Rosa, J
Stein, AF
AF Milford, C.
Castell, N.
Marrero, C.
Rodriguez, S.
Sanchez de la Campa, A. M.
Fernandez-Camacho, R.
de la Rosa, J.
Stein, A. F.
TI Measurements and simulation of speciated PM2.5 in south-west Europe
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE PM2.5 chemical speciation; Air quality; CAMx; Model evaluation
ID AIR-QUALITY MODELS; ATMOSPHERIC PARTICULATE MATTER; SECONDARY INORGANIC
AEROSOL; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; UNITED-STATES; SPAIN; PM10; PERFORMANCE;
POLLUTION; ORIGIN
AB Chemically speciated concentrations of PM2.5 (sulphate, ammonium, nitrate, elemental and organic carbon) were simulated in south-west Europe using the three-dimensional air quality model CAMx driven by the MM5 meteorological model. The inner domain covered the south-west region of Spain with a high spatial (2 km x 2 km) and temporal resolution (1 h). The simulation results were evaluated against experimental data obtained in four intensive field campaigns performed in 2008 and 2009 at urban and rural sites. PM2.5 measurements of secondary inorganic compounds and carbonaceous aerosol plus a suite of major and trace elements were determined. High time resolution (10 mm) measurements of Black Carbon (BC) were also conducted. The model captured the variability in the ammonium concentrations in both summer and winter periods, although it tended to underestimate the magnitude of concentrations, while for sulphate the performance was better during the summer periods. Particulate ammonium nitrate was only simulated in significant concentrations in the wintertime campaign. This was found to be consistent with the measured composition of PM2.5 where most of nitrate (79-94%) and a significant fraction of sulphate (24-37%) were estimated to be present as non-ammonium salts. These non-ammonium nitrate salts were attributed to the formation of NaNO3. The model PM2.5 primary elemental carbon simulations, evaluated with hourly resolution, captured the diurnal and seasonal variability of PM2.5 BC concentrations at the urban site while poorer performance was observed at the rural site. A large underestimation was observed for simulated PM2.5 organic carbon concentrations during all campaigns. Scenarios of pollution events linked to emissions from south-west Spain, shipping and contributions from more distant emission sources such as Portugal were identified. These results highlight how the distinct features of PM2.5 composition in southern Europe regions, such as the large contribution of non-ammonium salts, need to be taken into account both in model evaluation and in future implementation of aerosol modelling systems. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Milford, C.; Rodriguez, S.; Sanchez de la Campa, A. M.; Fernandez-Camacho, R.; de la Rosa, J.] Univ Huelva, Joint Res Unit CSIC Atmospher Pollut, Ctr Res Sustainable Chem, CIQSO, Huelva, Spain.
[Milford, C.; Marrero, C.; Rodriguez, S.] Izana Atmospher Res Ctr, AEMET, Joint Res Unit CSIC Studies Atmospher Pollut, Santa Cruz De Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain.
[Castell, N.] NILU Norwegian Inst Air Res, NO-2027 Kjeller, Norway.
[Stein, A. F.] NOAA, Earth Resources & Technol Assignment Air Resource, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Milford, C (reprint author), Univ Huelva, Joint Res Unit CSIC Atmospher Pollut, Ctr Res Sustainable Chem, CIQSO, Huelva, Spain.
EM cmilford@aemet.es
RI Rodriguez, Sergio/J-5365-2015; Stein, Ariel/G-1330-2012; Sanchez de la
Campa, Ana Maria/L-4456-2014; Fernandez Camacho, Rocio/L-4567-2014;
Stein, Ariel F/L-9724-2014; Milford, Celia/L-9351-2015; de la Rosa,
Jesus Damian/C-9385-2011
OI Rodriguez, Sergio/0000-0002-1727-3107; Sanchez de la Campa, Ana
Maria/0000-0003-1917-0280; Fernandez Camacho, Rocio/0000-0002-3666-1068;
Stein, Ariel F/0000-0002-9560-9198; de la Rosa, Jesus
Damian/0000-0001-6644-8754
FU Department of Innovation, Science and Enterprise of the Government of
Andalusia through the research project AER-REG [P07-RNM-03125];
Department of Innovation, Science and Enterprise of the Government of
Andalusia through the research project SIMAND [P07-RNM-02729];
Department of Environment, Andalusian Regional Government
[199/2011/C/00]; Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through
the project POLLINDUST [CGL2011-26259]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge funding from the Department of
Innovation, Science and Enterprise of the Government of Andalusia
through the research projects AER-REG (P07-RNM-03125) and SIMAND
(P07-RNM-02729) and from the Department of Environment, Andalusian
Regional Government (project: 199/2011/C/00). In addition, we thank the
Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness for funding through the
project POLLINDUST (CGL2011-26259). We would also like to thank Dr. U.
Dragosits for her assistance in spatially disaggregating the ammonia
emissions, the Government of Andalusia for providing data from their Air
Quality Network and from their Atmospheric Emissions Inventory and AEMET
for providing meteorological data.
NR 55
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U2 57
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 77
BP 36
EP 50
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.04.050
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 223YN
UT WOS:000324848500005
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, F
Zhou, LX
Conway, TJ
Tans, PP
Wang, YZ
AF Zhang, Fang
Zhou, Lingxi
Conway, Thomas J.
Tans, Pieter P.
Wang, Yuzhao
TI Short-term variations of atmospheric CO2 and dominant causes in summer
and winter: Analysis of 14-year continuous observational data at
Waliguan, China
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Carbon dioxide (CO2); Diurnal cycle; Surface winds; Correlation of CO2
and carbon monoxide (CO); Waliguan
ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; TRANSPORT MODELS; MOUNT-WALIGUAN; MONOXIDE; SINKS;
EMISSIONS; EUROPE; SYSTEM; IMPACT; SITE
AB Using a 14-year revised dataset of atmospheric CO2 mixing ratios continuously measured at Mount Waliguan Baseline Observatory of western China during 1995-2008, the short-term variations of ambient CO2 and the dominant causes were studied. A comparison and evaluation of the revised and original data is included. Ambient CO2 in summer was usually elevated during nighttime and declined in daytime with peak-to-peak diurnal amplitude of 2.4 +/- 0.3 ppm (year-to-year fluctuations). In winter, there was often a small increase during daytime with amplitude of 0.8 +/- 0.2 ppm. Analysis of the local horizontal winds shows that the diurnal cycles of ambient CO2 are the combined result of changes of nearby sources/sinks and local meteorological circulation. Only in winter do we find a statistically increase trends of 0.03 ppm yr(-1) for CO2 diurnal peak-to-peak amplitudes, reflecting local changes in sources and sinks of CO2 during 1995-2008 under relatively consistent meteorological conditions. In summer, atmospheric CO2 were depleted when prevailing winds came from the populated northeastern regions due to the enhanced vegetation photosynthesis which will result in low CO2; on the contrary to summer, elevated CO2 were closely associated with air parcels from populated north/northeastern or northwestern regions in winter, when the terrestrial exchanges become weak and anthropogenic emissions dominate ambient CO2, Delta CO2 and Delta CO showed significant positive correlation (r > 0.9, p < 0.01) in winter, reflecting common sources under certain synoptic meteorological conditions. But they didn't exhibit any correlation in summer. The intercepts for the linear fit of Delta CO2 and Delta CO were close to zero in winter, indicating less influence from non-CO related CO2 sources or sinks (e.g. respiration and photosynthesis), whereas the intercepts in summer were much more negative (as low as -3.7 ppm in July), reflecting enhanced biospheric CO2 uptake. The ratio of Delta CO2/Delta CO was 25-35 ppm ppm(-1) in winter, which is approximately 30%-42% higher than that observed in Beijing and derived from emission inventories, reflecting less impact from human activities due to the remote location of Waliguan. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zhang, Fang; Wang, Yuzhao] Beijing Normal Univ, Coll Global Change & Earth Syst Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
[Zhou, Lingxi] CMA, CAMS, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
[Conway, Thomas J.; Tans, Pieter P.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Zhou, LX (reprint author), CMA, CAMS, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
EM zhoulx@cams.cma.gov.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41175116]; National Basic
Research Program of China "973" [2010CB950601, 2013CB955801];
International S&T Cooperation Program of MOST [2011DFA21090]; CAMS
FX This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China
(41175116), National Basic Research Program of China "973" (Grant Nos.
2010CB950601, 2013CB955801) and International S&T Cooperation Program of
MOST (Grant No. 2011DFA21090). Data used are supplied by the Chinese
Academy of Meteorological Sciences (CAMS), China Meteorological
Administration (CMA). Major contents of the paper are based on F.
Zhang's PhD program and research contract from 2006 to 2011 during her
study in CAMS. We thank the staff of Waliguan Station for their efforts
in maintaining the long-term measurements.
NR 42
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 77
BP 140
EP 148
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.04.067
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 223YN
UT WOS:000324848500013
ER
PT J
AU Huang, JP
Zhou, CH
Lee, XH
Bao, YX
Zhao, XY
Fung, J
Richter, A
Liu, X
Zheng, YQ
AF Huang, Jianping
Zhou, Chenhong
Lee, Xuhui
Bao, Yunxuan
Zhao, Xiaoyan
Fung, Jimmy
Richter, Andreas
Liu, Xiong
Zheng, Yiqi
TI The effects of rapid urbanization on the levels in tropospheric nitrogen
dioxide and ozone over East China
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Nitrogen dioxide; Ozone; Satellite retrieval; Seasonal change;
Troposphere; Urbanization
ID AIR-QUALITY; OBJECTIVES
AB Over the past few decades, China has experienced a rapid increase in urbanization. The urban built-up areas (population) in Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou increased by 197% (87%), 148% (65%), and 273% (25%), respectively, from 1996 to 2011. We use satellite retrieval data to quantify the effects of rapid urbanization on the yearly and seasonal changes in tropospheric nitrogen dioxide (NO2) over East China. The results show that rapid urbanization has a profound effect on tropospheric columns of NO2. During 1996-2011, the tropospheric columns of NO2 over the surrounding areas of Guangzhou, Shanghai, and Beijing increased by 82%, 292%, and 307%, respectively. The tropospheric columns of NO2 reach their maximum in winter and minimum in spring. The anthropogenic emissions related to urbanization are a dominant factor in the long-term changes in the yearly and seasonal mean tropospheric columns of NO2, whereas meteorological conditions such as the prevailing winds and precipitation account for the unique spatial patterns. Around the time of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, the tropospheric columns of NO2 over Beijing urban area significantly reduced by 48% in July, 35% in August, and 49% in September, relative to the same monthly averages over 2005-2007. However, this trend was reversed after the Games, and the increased rate was even larger than before. Our results show that the tropospheric NO2 above the three regions increased at rates 1.3-8 times faster than the rates in a recent inventory estimate of NO emissions for 2000-2010. We also discuss the influence of urbanization on tropospheric ozone and find that the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) retrieval tropospheric column shows that ozone levels are relatively insensitive to urbanization and changes in tropospheric NO2. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Huang, Jianping; Zhou, Chenhong; Lee, Xuhui] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Yale NUIST Ctr Atmospher Environm, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Huang, Jianping] Natl Ctr Environm Predict, NOAA, Environm Modeling Ctr, IM Syst Grp, College Pk, MD USA.
[Lee, Xuhui] Yale Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, New Haven, CT 06511 USA.
[Bao, Yunxuan; Zhao, Xiaoyan] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Sch Appl Meteorol, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Fung, Jimmy] Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Math, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
[Richter, Andreas] Univ Bremen, Inst Environm Phys, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
[Liu, Xiong] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA USA.
[Zheng, Yiqi] Yale Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, New Haven, CT USA.
RP Huang, JP (reprint author), Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Yale NUIST Ctr Atmospher Environm, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
EM jianping.huang@noaa.gov
RI Richter, Andreas/C-4971-2008; Liu, Xiong/P-7186-2014;
OI Richter, Andreas/0000-0003-3339-212X; Liu, Xiong/0000-0003-2939-574X;
Fung, Jimmy/0000-0002-7859-8511
FU Ministry of Education of China (grant PCSIRT); Priority Academic Program
Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (grant PAPD)
FX This research was supported by the Ministry of Education of China (grant
PCSIRT) and the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher
Education Institutions (grant PAPD).
NR 28
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U1 1
U2 74
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
EI 1873-2844
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 77
BP 558
EP 567
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.05.030
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 223YN
UT WOS:000324848500059
ER
PT J
AU Garfinkel, CI
Hurwitz, MM
Waugh, DW
Butler, AH
AF Garfinkel, C. I.
Hurwitz, M. M.
Waugh, D. W.
Butler, A. H.
TI Are the teleconnections of Central Pacific and Eastern Pacific El Nio
distinct in boreal wintertime?
SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Central Pacific ENSO; Teleconnections; Stratospheric dynamics
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURES; SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; SEASONAL PREDICTION;
WAVE-PROPAGATION; CLIMATE RESPONSE; NINO; STRATOSPHERE; VARIABILITY;
PATTERNS; EVENTS
AB A meteorological reanalysis dataset and experiments of the Goddard Earth Observing System Chemistry-Climate Model, Version 2 (GEOS V2 CCM) are used to study the boreal winter season teleconnections in the Pacific-North America region and in the stratosphere generated by Central Pacific and Eastern Pacific El Nio. In the reanalysis data, the sign of the North Pacific and stratospheric response to Central Pacific El Nio is sensitive to the composite size, the specific Central Pacific El Nio index used, and the month or seasonal average that is examined, highlighting the limitations of the short observational record. Long model integrations suggest that the response to the two types of El Nio are similar in both the extratropical troposphere and stratosphere. Namely, both Central Pacific and Eastern Pacific El Nio lead to a deepened North Pacific low and a weakened polar vortex, and the effects are stronger in late winter than in early winter. However, the long experiments do indicate some differences between the two types of El Nio events regarding the latitude of the North Pacific trough, the early winter polar stratospheric response, surface temperature and precipitation over North America, and globally averaged surface temperature. These differences are generally consistent with, though smaller than, those noted in previous studies.
C1 [Garfinkel, C. I.; Waugh, D. W.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Baltimore, MD 21209 USA.
[Hurwitz, M. M.] Morgan State Univ, NASA Goddard Earth Sci Technol & Res GESTAR, Baltimore, MD 21239 USA.
[Hurwitz, M. M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Butler, A. H.] NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, NCEP, Camp Springs, MD USA.
RP Garfinkel, CI (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Baltimore, MD 21209 USA.
EM cig4@jhu.edu
RI Butler, Amy/K-6190-2012; garfinkel, chaim/H-6215-2012; Waugh,
Darryn/K-3688-2016
OI Butler, Amy/0000-0002-3632-0925; garfinkel, chaim/0000-0001-7258-666X;
Waugh, Darryn/0000-0001-7692-2798
FU NASA [NNX06AE70G]; NASA's ACMAP program
FX This work was supported by the NASA grant number NNX06AE70G and NASA's
ACMAP program.
NR 60
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Z9 15
U1 0
U2 24
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0930-7575
EI 1432-0894
J9 CLIM DYNAM
JI Clim. Dyn.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 41
IS 7-8
BP 1835
EP 1852
DI 10.1007/s00382-012-1570-2
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 223NJ
UT WOS:000324812200008
ER
PT J
AU Zhu, JS
Huang, BH
Hu, ZZ
Kinter, JL
Marx, L
AF Zhu, Jieshun
Huang, Bohua
Hu, Zeng-Zhen
Kinter, James L., III
Marx, Lawrence
TI Predicting US summer precipitation using NCEP Climate Forecast System
version 2 initialized by multiple ocean analyses
SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; TROPICAL TROPOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE;
UNITED-STATES; GAUGE OBSERVATIONS; PACIFIC-OCEAN; GREAT-PLAINS; ENSO;
PREDICTABILITY; VARIABILITY; MODEL
AB This study examines the prediction skill of the contiguous United States (CONUS) precipitation in summer, as well as its potential sources using a set of ensemble hindcasts conducted with the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Climate Forecast System version 2 and initialized from four independent ocean analyses. The multiple ocean ensemble mean (MOCN_ESMEAN) hindcasts start from each April for 26 summers (1982-2007), with each oceanic state paired with four atmosphere-land states. A subset of hindcasts from the NCEP CFS Reanalysis and Reforecast (CFSRR) project for the same period, from the same initial month and with the same total ensemble size, is also analyzed. Compared with CFSRR, MOCN_ESMEAN is distinguished by its oceanic ensemble spread that introduces potentially larger perturbations and better spatial representation of the oceanic uncertainty. The prediction skill of the CONUS precipitation in summer shows a similar spatial pattern in both MOCN_ESMEAN and CFSRR, but the results suggested that initialization from multiple ocean analyses may bring more robust signals and additional skills to the seasonal prediction for both sea surface temperature and precipitation. Among the predictable areas for precipitation, the northwestern CONUS (NWUS) is the most robust. A further analysis shows that the enhanced summer precipitation prediction skill in NWUS is mainly associated with the El Nio/Southern Oscillation, with possible influence also from the Pacific Decadal Oscillation. Through this work, we argue that a large ensemble is necessary for precipitation forecast in mid-latitudes, such as the CONUS, and taking into account of the oceanic initial state uncertainty is an efficient way to build such an ensemble.
C1 [Zhu, Jieshun; Huang, Bohua; Kinter, James L., III; Marx, Lawrence] Ctr Ocean Land Atmosphere Studies, Inst Global Environm & Soc, Calverton, MD 20705 USA.
[Huang, Bohua; Kinter, James L., III] George Mason Univ, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Earth Sci, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Hu, Zeng-Zhen] NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, Natl Ctr Environm Predict, College Pk, MD USA.
RP Zhu, JS (reprint author), Ctr Ocean Land Atmosphere Studies, Inst Global Environm & Soc, 4041 Powder Mill Rd,Suite 302, Calverton, MD 20705 USA.
EM jieshun@cola.iges.org
RI Hu, Zeng-Zhen/B-4373-2011; Kinter, James/A-8610-2015;
OI Hu, Zeng-Zhen/0000-0002-8485-3400; Kinter, James/0000-0002-6277-0559;
Zhu, Jieshun/0000-0002-1508-9808
FU NSF [ATM-0830068]; NOAA [NA09OAR4310058]; NASA [NNX09AN50G]
FX Funding for this study is provided by grants from NSF (ATM-0830068),
NOAA (NA09OAR4310058), and NASA (NNX09AN50G). The authors would like to
thank Dr. J. Shukla for his guidance and support of this project, as
well as the constructive comments and suggestions from two reviewers. We
thank ECMWF and NCEP for providing their ocean data assimilation
analysis datasets, which made this project possible. The authors
gratefully acknowledge NCEP for the CFSv2 model made available to COLA.
We also acknowledge NCEP's assistance in porting the code to the
computing platforms at the NASA Advanced Super-computing (NAS) division.
We particularly wish to thank Y. Hou, S. Moorthi and S. Saha for
technical assistance and necessary data sets and W. Lapenta and L.
Uccellini for enabling the collaborative activities. Computing resources
provided by NAS are also gratefully acknowledged.
NR 47
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 10
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0930-7575
J9 CLIM DYNAM
JI Clim. Dyn.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 41
IS 7-8
BP 1941
EP 1954
DI 10.1007/s00382-013-1785-x
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 223NJ
UT WOS:000324812200014
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, Q
Shin, CS
van den Dool, H
Cai, M
AF Zhang, Qin
Shin, Chul-Su
van den Dool, Huug
Cai, Ming
TI CFSv2 prediction skill of stratospheric temperature anomalies
SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Seasonal prediction; CFSv2 model; Stratosphere dynamics; Wave-mean flow
interaction
ID ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION ANOMALIES; COLD SEASON VARIABILITY; DOWNWARD
PROPAGATION; PART I; WEATHER; OSCILLATION; FORECASTS
AB This study evaluates the prediction skill of stratospheric temperature anomalies by the Climate Forecast System version 2 (CFSv2) reforecasts for the 12-year period from January 1, 1999 to December 2010. The goal is to explore if the CFSv2 forecasts for the stratosphere would remain skillful beyond the inherent tropospheric predictability time scale of at most 2 weeks. The anomaly correlation between observations and forecasts for temperature field at 50 hPa (T50) in winter seasons remains above 0.3 over the polar stratosphere out to a lead time of 28 days whereas its counterpart in the troposphere at 500 hPa drops more quickly and falls below the 0.3 level after 12 days. We further show that the CFSv2 has a high prediction skill in the stratosphere both in an absolute sense and in terms of gain over persistence except in the equatorial region where the skill would mainly come from persistence of the quasi-biennial oscillation signal. We present evidence showing that the CFSv2 forecasts can capture both timing and amplitude of wave activities in the extratropical stratosphere at a lead time longer than 30 days. Based on the mass circulation theory, we conjecture that as long as the westward tilting of planetary waves in the stratosphere and their overall amplitude can be captured, the CFSv2 forecasts is still very skillful in predicting zonal mean anomalies even though it cannot predict the exact locations of planetary waves and their spatial scales. This explains why the CFSv2 has a high skill for the first EOF mode of T50, the intraseasonal variability of the annular mode while its skill degrades rapidly for higher EOF modes associated with stationary waves. This also explains why the CFSv2's skill closely follows the seasonality and its interannual variability of the meridional mass circulation and stratosphere polar vortex. In particular, the CFSv2 is capable of predicting mid-winter polar stratosphere warming events in the Northern Hemisphere and the timing of the final polar stratosphere warming in spring in both hemispheres 3-4 weeks in advance.
C1 [Zhang, Qin; van den Dool, Huug] NCEP NWS NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, College Pk, MD USA.
[Shin, Chul-Su; Cai, Ming] Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
RP Cai, M (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
EM cai@met.fsu.edu
FU NOAA CPO/CPPA program [NA10OAR4310168]; National Science Foundation
[ATM-0833001]
FX Ming Cai and Chul-Su Shin are supported in part by research grants from
the NOAA CPO/CPPA program (NA10OAR4310168) and National Science
Foundation (ATM-0833001). The authors are grateful for the informative
and constructive comments from Shuntai Zhou and two anonymous reviewers
on the early version of this paper.
NR 33
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 13
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0930-7575
J9 CLIM DYNAM
JI Clim. Dyn.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 41
IS 7-8
BP 2231
EP 2249
DI 10.1007/s00382-013-1907-5
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 223NJ
UT WOS:000324812200031
ER
PT J
AU Gronewold, AD
Fortin, V
Lofgren, B
Clites, A
Stow, CA
Quinn, F
AF Gronewold, Andrew D.
Fortin, Vincent
Lofgren, Brent
Clites, Anne
Stow, Craig A.
Quinn, Frank
TI Coasts, water levels, and climate change: A Great Lakes perspective
SO CLIMATIC CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID POTENTIAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; IMPACTS; PRECIPITATION; RESOURCES;
WETLANDS; AVAILABILITY; VARIABILITY; EVAPORATION; ADJUSTMENT; SCENARIOS
AB The North American Laurentian Great Lakes hold nearly 20 % of the earth's unfrozen fresh surface water and have a length of coastline, and a coastal population, comparable to frequently-studied marine coasts. The surface water elevations of the Great Lakes, in particular, are an ideal metric for understanding impacts of climate change on large hydrologic systems, and for assessing adaption measures for absorbing those impacts. In light of the importance of the Great Lakes to the North American and global economies, the Great Lakes and the surrounding region also serve as an important benchmark for hydroclimate research, and offer an example of successful adaptive management under changing climate conditions. Here, we communicate some of the important lessons to be learned from the Great Lakes by examining how the coastline, water level, and water budget dynamics of the Great Lakes relate to other large coastal systems, along with implications for water resource management strategies and climate scenario-derived projections of future conditions. This improved understanding fills a critical gap in freshwater and marine global coastal research.
C1 [Gronewold, Andrew D.; Lofgren, Brent; Clites, Anne; Stow, Craig A.; Quinn, Frank] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Fortin, Vincent] Environm Canada, Environm Numer Weather Predict Res Sect, Meteorol Res Div, Dorval, PQ, Canada.
RP Gronewold, AD (reprint author), NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, 2205 Commonwealth Blvd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
EM drew.gronewold@noaa.gov
OI Stow, Craig/0000-0001-6171-7855; Fortin, Vincent/0000-0002-2145-4592;
Gronewold, Andrew/0000-0002-3576-2529; Lofgren,
Brent/0000-0003-2189-0914
FU Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI); International Upper Great
Lakes Study (IUGLS)
FX This paper is GLERL contribution number 1635. The authors thank Erika
Washburn and Bryan Comer, as well as two anonymous reviewers who, along
with the handling editor, provided helpful comments which improved the
clarity of the paper. Funding for this research was provided by the
Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI) and the International Upper
Great Lakes Study (IUGLS). We also thank Cathy Darnell for providing
graphics and editorial support.
NR 71
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U1 13
U2 100
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-0009
J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE
JI Clim. Change
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 120
IS 4
BP 697
EP 711
DI 10.1007/s10584-013-0840-2
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 223SR
UT WOS:000324830500002
ER
PT J
AU Rennie, AR
Hellsing, MS
Wood, K
Gilbert, EP
Porcar, L
Schweins, R
Dewhurst, CD
Lindner, P
Heenan, RK
Rogers, SE
Butler, PD
Krzywon, JR
Ghosh, RE
Jackson, AJ
Malfois, M
AF Rennie, Adrian R.
Hellsing, Maja S.
Wood, Kathleen
Gilbert, Elliot P.
Porcar, Lionel
Schweins, Ralf
Dewhurst, Charles D.
Lindner, Peter
Heenan, Richard K.
Rogers, Sarah E.
Butler, Paul D.
Krzywon, Jeffery R.
Ghosh, Ron E.
Jackson, Andrew J.
Malfois, Marc
TI Learning about SANS instruments and data reduction from round robin
measurements on samples of polystyrene latex
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID SMALL-ANGLE SCATTERING; MULTIPLE-SCATTERING; VISCOSITY; WATER
AB Measurements of a well-characterized 'standard' sample can verify the performance of an instrument. Typically, small-angle neutron scattering instruments are used to investigate a wide range of samples and may often be used in a number of configurations. Appropriate 'standard' samples are useful to test different aspects of the performance of hardware as well as that of the data reduction and analysis software. Measurements on a number of instruments with different intrinsic characteristics and designs in a round robin can not only better characterize the performance for a wider range of conditions but also, perhaps more importantly, reveal the limits of the current state of the art of small-angle scattering. The exercise, followed by detailed analysis, tests the limits of current understanding as well as uncovering often forgotten assumptions, simplifications and approximations that underpin the current practice of the technique. This paper describes measurements of polystyrene latex, radius 720 angstrom, with a number of instruments. Scattering from monodisperse, uniform spherical particles is simple to calculate and displays sharp minima. Such data test the calibrations of intensity, wavelength and resolution as well as the detector response. Smoothing due to resolution, multiple scattering and polydispersity has been determined. Sources of uncertainty are often related to systematic deviations and calibrations rather than random counting errors. The study has prompted development of software to treat modest multiple scattering and to better model the instrument resolution. These measurements also allow checks of data reduction algorithms and have identified how they can be improved. The reproducibility and the reliability of instruments and the accuracy of parameters derived from the data are described.
C1 [Rennie, Adrian R.; Hellsing, Maja S.] Uppsala Univ, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden.
[Wood, Kathleen; Gilbert, Elliot P.] Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Bragg Inst, Kirrawee Dc, NSW 2232, Australia.
[Porcar, Lionel; Schweins, Ralf; Dewhurst, Charles D.; Lindner, Peter] Inst Max Von Laue Paul Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble 9, France.
[Heenan, Richard K.; Rogers, Sarah E.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, ISIS Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England.
[Butler, Paul D.; Krzywon, Jeffery R.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Ghosh, Ron E.] UCL, Dept Chem, London WC1H 0AJ, England.
[Jackson, Andrew J.] European Spallat Source ESS AB, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden.
[Malfois, Marc] Diamond Light Source, Didcot OX11 0DE, Oxon, England.
RP Rennie, AR (reprint author), Uppsala Univ, Box 516, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden.
EM adrian.rennie@physics.uu.se
RI Wood, Kathleen/C-5864-2009; Jackson, Andrew/B-9793-2008; Gilbert,
Elliot/A-5566-2010; Malfois, Marc/L-2974-2014; Butler, Paul/D-7368-2011
OI Wood, Kathleen/0000-0002-8774-8112; Jackson, Andrew/0000-0002-6296-0336;
Gilbert, Elliot/0000-0001-6413-7813; Malfois, Marc/0000-0001-5231-1896;
FU Swedish Research Council; ILL; ISIS; NIST; Bragg Institute neutron
facilities; Diamond Light Source
FX This activity was undertaken as part of the canSAS initiative on
standardization
(http://www.cansas.org/wgwiki/index.php/Standardization_Working_Group).
ARR and MSH are grateful to the Swedish Research Council for partial
support of this work. The provision of beam time and the support of this
project by the ILL, ISIS, NIST and Bragg Institute neutron facilities,
and the Diamond Light Source are gratefully acknowledged. PDB and LP
thank Dr Christopher Garvey for assistance with the Quokka instrument.
Use for some of the analysis of the SASview software is also
acknowledged. The mention of commercial products does not imply
endorsement by NIST or other agencies, nor does it imply that the
materials, software or equipment identified are necessarily the best
available for the purpose.
NR 22
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 41
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0021-8898
J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR
JI J. Appl. Crystallogr.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 46
BP 1289
EP 1297
DI 10.1107/S0021889813019468
PN 5
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography
SC Chemistry; Crystallography
GA 222WZ
UT WOS:000324764500006
ER
PT J
AU Nelson, ARJ
AF Nelson, Andrew Robert John
TI Towards a detailed resolution smearing kernel for time-of-flight neutron
reflectometers
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
AB In this article a 'detailed' form of the resolution kernel used to analyse data from reactor-based time-of-flight (TOF) neutron reflectometers is derived. In contrast to monochromatic neutron reflectometers, where the resolution kernel is close to Gaussian, TOF neutron reflectometers can have trapezoidal resolution kernels. This is a consequence of the disc chopper systems used to pulse the beam having a wavelength uncertainty that is rectangular in shape. The effect of using the detailed and approximate kernels is compared, with the main effects occurring where the width of the kernel is approximately the same as the width of the features in the reflectivity curve, i.e. around the critical edge and at high Q(z). The difference between the two kernels is greatest when the wavelength and angular components are of different sizes.
C1 [Nelson, Andrew Robert John] Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Bragg Inst, Kirrawee Dc, NSW 2232, Australia.
[Nelson, Andrew Robert John] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Nelson, ARJ (reprint author), Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Bragg Inst, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee Dc, NSW 2232, Australia.
EM andrew.nelson@ansto.gov.au
RI Nelson, Andrew/C-2545-2012
OI Nelson, Andrew/0000-0002-4548-3558
NR 13
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 6
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0021-8898
J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR
JI J. Appl. Crystallogr.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 46
BP 1338
EP 1346
DI 10.1107/S0021889813021936
PN 5
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography
SC Chemistry; Crystallography
GA 222WZ
UT WOS:000324764500012
ER
PT J
AU Simmons, JM
Cook, JC
Ibberson, RM
Majkrzak, CF
Neumann, DA
AF Simmons, Jason M.
Cook, Jeremy C.
Ibberson, Richard M.
Majkrzak, Charles F.
Neumann, Dan A.
TI Polychromatic energy-dispersive neutron diffraction at a continuous
source
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID POWDER DIFFRACTOMETER
AB A design for a continuous source, polychromatic beam powder neutron diffractometer based on an energy-dispersive detection methodology is proposed. Such an instrument would offer significantly higher incident neutron flux, with an attendant increase in data collection rate, reducing the time per scan from hours to seconds. Completely passive components are conceived for neutron bandwidth shaping, and detection is achieved using a massively parallel analyzer/detector system, making installation and operation of the instrument comparatively simple. The proposed instrument is intended to be used for rapid structural characterizations of small samples or for kinetic studies of materials undergoing structural or magnetic phase changes.
C1 [Simmons, Jason M.; Cook, Jeremy C.; Ibberson, Richard M.; Majkrzak, Charles F.; Neumann, Dan A.] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Majkrzak, CF (reprint author), NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM charles.majkrzak@nist.gov
RI Ibberson, Richard/P-8397-2015
OI Ibberson, Richard/0000-0003-0007-706X
NR 10
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 10
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0021-8898
J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR
JI J. Appl. Crystallogr.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 46
BP 1347
EP 1352
DI 10.1107/S0021889813017834
PN 5
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography
SC Chemistry; Crystallography
GA 222WZ
UT WOS:000324764500013
ER
PT J
AU Hammouda, B
Mildner, DFR
Brulet, A
Desert, S
AF Hammouda, B.
Mildner, D. F. R.
Brulet, A.
Desert, S.
TI Insight into neutron focusing: the out-of-focus condition
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID LABORATOIRE-LEON-BRILLOUIN; REFRACTIVE OPTICS; SCATTERING; RESOLUTION
AB Neutron focusing leads to significant gains in flux-on-sample in small-angle neutron scattering and very small angle neutron scattering instruments. Understanding the out-of-focus condition is necessary for less than optimal conditions such as for short instruments and low neutron wavelengths. Neutron focusing is investigated using a three-pronged approach. The three methods are analytical calculations, resolution measurements and computer simulations. A source aperture containing a single small-size hole and a sample aperture containing multiple holes are used to produce multiple spots on the high-resolution neutron detector. Lens focusing elongates off-axis spots in the radial direction. The standard deviation for the size of each spot is estimated using these three approaches. Varying parameters include the neutron wavelength, the number of focusing lenses and the location of holes on the sample aperture. Enough agreement for the standard deviation of the individual neutron beams was found between the calculations and the measurements to give confidence in this approach. Good agreement was found between the standard deviations obtained from calculations and simulations as well. Excellent agreement was found for the mean location of these individual spots.
C1 [Hammouda, B.; Mildner, D. F. R.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Brulet, A.; Desert, S.] CE Saclay, CEA, Lab Leon Brillouin, CNRS,UMR12, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
RP Hammouda, B (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, 100 Bur Dr,Bldg 235, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM hammouda@nist.gov
FU European Commission [CP-CSA_INFRA-2008-1.1.1 226507-NMI3]; National
Science Foundation [DMR-0944772]; CE Saclay
FX The identification of commercial products does not imply endorsement by
the National Institute of Standards and Technology nor does it imply
that these are the best for the purpose. This work is based upon
activities supported in part by the National Science Foundation under
agreement No. DMR-0944772. Partial financial support of BH by CE Saclay
during his one-month research leave there is appreciated. This research
project has been supported by the European Commission under the 7th
Framework Programme through the 'Research Infrastructures' action of the
'Capacities Programmme' (contract No. CP-CSA_INFRA-2008-1.1.1
226507-NMI3). Help from Vincent Thevenot is appreciated.
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 13
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0021-8898
EI 1600-5767
J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR
JI J. Appl. Crystallogr.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 46
BP 1361
EP 1371
DI 10.1107/S0021889813018633
PN 5
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography
SC Chemistry; Crystallography
GA 222WZ
UT WOS:000324764500015
ER
PT J
AU Meriwether, JW
Makela, JJ
Fisher, DJ
Buriti, RA
Medeiros, AF
Akmaev, RA
Fuller-Rowell, TJ
Wu, F
AF Meriwether, J. W.
Makela, J. J.
Fisher, D. J.
Buriti, R. A.
Medeiros, A. F.
Akmaev, R. A.
Fuller-Rowell, T. J.
Wu, F.
TI Comparisons of thermospheric wind and temperature measurements in
equatorial Brazil to Whole Atmosphere Model Predictions
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Equatorial thermospheric dynamics; Fabry-Perot interferometer;
Thermosphere dynamics modelling
ID F-REGION; NEUTRAL WINDS; MAXIMUM; AREQUIPA; PERU
AB The results from the Whole Atmosphere Model (WAM) at 240 km are compared with measurements of equatorial thermospheric winds and temperatures acquired by nearly continual nighttime Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) measurements made in northeastern Brazil from September 2009 to August 2012. These comparisons show generally good agreement for the zonal winds with only slight differences seen in regard to the early morning period. For the evening period of 21-23 LT the observed meridional winds differed from the WAM predictions in two respects. First, while the flow direction was generally correct, the speeds of observed cross-hemispheric flow from the summer to the winter hemisphere were generally somewhat greater by 25 to 35 ms(-1) than the predicted speeds from WAM. In contrast, the observed meridional winds are found to be weaker than the WAM results for winter months for all three years. Second, although the observations and predictions both show similar timing and amplitude for a 3-h period of northward flow in September and October, the observations indicate a shift in the timing of this flow of about 1 h, from similar to 22 LT in September and October to similar to 21 LT in December. The WAM predictions show a systematic shift in phase from 21-00 LT in September to 18-21 LT in December. Regarding temperature, the WAM predictions show a midnight temperature maximum (MTM) with a peak amplitude of 50-65 K, in agreement with the observations. However, the WAM results also show a systematic shift in timing of the MTM occurrence, with the MTM peak seen at similar to 22 LT in summer and at 00 LT in winter. In contrast, the FPI monthly climatology data show the timing of the MTM peak to be 00 +/- 0.5 LT for all months except winter, when the MTM peak is not clearly evident. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Meriwether, J. W.] Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Clemson, SC 29631 USA.
[Makela, J. J.; Fisher, D. J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Buriti, R. A.; Medeiros, A. F.] Univ Fed Campina Grande, Dept Phys, Campina Grande, PR, Brazil.
[Akmaev, R. A.; Fuller-Rowell, T. J.; Wu, F.] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Meriwether, JW (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Clemson, SC 29631 USA.
EM meriwej@clemson.edu
FU National Science Foundation CEDAR [ATM-0940217, ATM-0940253];
Universidad Federal Campina Grande
FX We thank Naomi Maruyama for helpful insights into the ion-neutral
interactions in the equatorial ionosphere. Funding for this research was
provided by National Science Foundation CEDAR grants ATM-0940217 and
ATM-0940253 to Clemson University and the University of Illinois,
respectively. We are also grateful to the Universidad Federal Campina
Grande for the support of the Fabry-Perot interferometer observatory
located on the UFCG campus at Cajazeiras.
NR 34
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U1 1
U2 14
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1364-6826
J9 J ATMOS SOL-TERR PHY
JI J. Atmos. Sol.-Terr. Phys.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 103
SI SI
BP 103
EP 112
DI 10.1016/j.jastp.2013.04.002
PG 10
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 225KZ
UT WOS:000324963100014
ER
PT J
AU Martinis, C
Hickey, D
Oliver, W
Aponte, N
Brum, CGM
Akmaev, R
Wright, A
Miller, C
AF Martinis, C.
Hickey, D.
Oliver, W.
Aponte, N.
Brum, C. G. M.
Akmaev, R.
Wright, A.
Miller, C.
TI The midnight temperature maximum from Arecibo incoherent scatter radar
ion temperature measurements
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Low and midlatitude ionosphere; Upper atmosphere neutral dynamics
ID EQUATORIAL THERMOSPHERIC WINDS; SEASONAL-VARIATION; LOWER ATMOSPHERE;
IONOSPHERE; MODEL; ENHANCEMENT; AREQUIPA; MIDDLE; PERU
AB The midnight temperature maximum (MTM) is studied using ion temperature data from the incoherent scatter radar at the Arecibo Observatory (18.3 degrees N, 66.2 degrees W). The MTM is characterized by fitting the radar data with a function that takes into account diurnal, semidiurnal and terdiurnal components. Under the hypothesis that the MTM is related to the amplification of the terdiurnal wave, a Gaussian amplification window is included in the fitting to automatically determine the time of occurrence, temporal duration, and amplitude of the MTM observed. This study focused initially on altitudes near 300 km, the typical height of MTM observations from Fabry Perot Interferometers (FPIs). Out of the 491 days available between 1967 and 2010 only 82 showed reliable temperature determination throughout the night at this typically bottomside altitude of often low density and sharp density gradient. The analysis was expanded to include 229 usable nights at heights close to 330 km and 367 km, where better conditions for temperature determination exist. Most of these nights showed an MTM with amplitudes between 20 and 150 K and peak occurrence times during local summer months. The seasonal dependence of MTM parameters is also investigated and compared with previous experimental and modeling studies. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Martinis, C.; Hickey, D.; Oliver, W.; Wright, A.; Miller, C.] Boston Univ, Ctr Space Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Aponte, N.; Brum, C. G. M.] Natl Astron & Ionosphere Ctr, Arecibo Observ, Space & Atmospher Sci Dept, Arecibo, PR 00613 USA.
[Akmaev, R.] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Martinis, C (reprint author), Boston Univ, Ctr Space Phys, 725 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
EM martinis@bu.edu
FU NSF [AGS-0925893, AGS-0836452, AST-1100968]
FX This work was supported by NSF grants AGS-0925893 and AGS-0836452. The
Arecibo Observatory is operated by SRI International under a cooperative
agreement with the National Science Foundation (AST-1100968), and in
alliance with Ana G. Mendez, Universidad Metropolitana, and the
Universities Space Research Association. This work used data accessed
from the CEDAR, Arecibo, and Madrigal Data Bases. We thank several prior
undergraduate students whose groundwork helped develop the method used
in this work: Monica Ortiz, Cameron Hall, Nate Wilkison, and Austin
Collins.
NR 27
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 12
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1364-6826
EI 1879-1824
J9 J ATMOS SOL-TERR PHY
JI J. Atmos. Sol.-Terr. Phys.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 103
SI SI
BP 129
EP 137
DI 10.1016/j.jastp.2013.04.014
PG 9
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 225KZ
UT WOS:000324963100017
ER
PT J
AU Campbell, CE
AF Campbell, C. E.
TI The Need for a Reference Self-Diffusion Mobility Database for the Pure
Elements
SO JOURNAL OF PHASE EQUILIBRIA AND DIFFUSION
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID PHASES; ALLOYS; SYSTEM
C1 NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Campbell, CE (reprint author), NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1547-7037
J9 J PHASE EQUILIB DIFF
JI J. Phase Equilib. Diffus.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 34
IS 5
BP 363
EP 364
DI 10.1007/s11669-013-0255-9
PG 2
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 221ES
UT WOS:000324641100001
ER
PT J
AU Stalick, JK
Wang, K
Waterstrat, RM
AF Stalick, J. K.
Wang, Ke
Waterstrat, R. M.
TI The Crystal Structure and Phase Transition of Hf2Pt3
SO JOURNAL OF PHASE EQUILIBRIA AND DIFFUSION
LA English
DT Article
DE binary; crystal structure; intermetallic compound; lattice parameter;
phase transitions
ID TI-NI ALLOYS; ZIRCONIUM
AB The structure of Hf2Pt3 has been re-investigated using transmission electron microscopy and Rietveld refinement of neutron powder diffraction data at temperatures up to 1500 A degrees C. This compound does not belong to the MoSi2 structure type as previously reported, but instead is isostructural with Ti2Pd3 and the low-temperature form of Ti2Ni3. The crystal structure is orthorhombic (pseudo-tetragonal), Cmcm, Z = 4, with a = 14.653(1) , b = 4.8741(3) , and c = 4.8671(3) at room temperature. The b/c ratio decreases from 1.0014(2) at room temperature to 1.0005(3) at 1500 A degrees C, but the material does not transform to the high-temperature form of Ti2Ni3 (I4/mmm) under the conditions studied. The electron diffraction data indicate multiple stacking faults as well as short-range order. On heating above 1630 A degrees C there is a phase transition to a B2-related structure with a a parts per thousand 3.315(1) at 1659 A degrees C.
C1 [Stalick, J. K.] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Wang, Ke; Waterstrat, R. M.] NIST, Div Met, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Wang, Ke] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Biol Struct, Sch Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15250 USA.
RP Stalick, JK (reprint author), NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM judith.stalick@nist.gov
NR 16
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1547-7037
J9 J PHASE EQUILIB DIFF
JI J. Phase Equilib. Diffus.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 34
IS 5
BP 385
EP 389
DI 10.1007/s11669-013-0247-9
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 221ES
UT WOS:000324641100005
ER
PT J
AU Hart, KM
Sartain, AR
Hillis-Starr, ZM
Phillips, B
Mayor, PA
Roberson, K
Pemberton, RA
Allen, JB
Lundgren, I
Musick, S
AF Hart, Kristen M.
Sartain, Autumn R.
Hillis-Starr, Zandy-Marie
Phillips, Brendalee
Mayor, Philippe A.
Roberson, Kimberly
Pemberton, Roy A., Jr.
Allen, Jason B.
Lundgren, Ian
Musick, Susanna
TI Ecology of juvenile hawksbills (Eretmochelys imbricata) at Buck Island
Reef National Monument, US Virgin Islands
SO MARINE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID GREAT-BARRIER-REEF; TURTLES CHELONIA-MYDAS; IMMATURE GREEN TURTLES;
GROWTH-RATES; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; MIGRATORY BEHAVIOR; DIVING BEHAVIOR;
FEEDING GROUNDS; FORAGING AREA; PUERTO-RICO
AB Surveys of juvenile hawksbills around Buck Island Reef National Monument, US Virgin Islands from 1994 to 1999 revealed distributional patterns and resulted in a total of 75 individual hawksbill captures from all years; turtles ranged from 23.2 to 77.7 cm curved carapace length (CCL; mean 42.1 +/- A 12.3 cm SD). Juveniles concentrated where Zoanthid cover was highest. Length of time between recaptures, or presumed minimum site residency, ranged from 59 to 1,396 days (mean 620.8 +/- A 402.4 days SD). Growth rates for 23 juveniles ranged from 0.0 to 9.5 cm year(-1) (mean 4.1 +/- A 2.4 cm year(-1)SD). Annual mean growth rates were non-monotonic, with the largest mean growth rate occurring in the 30-39 cm CCL size class. Gastric lavages indicated that Zoanthids were the primary food source for hawksbills. These results contribute to our understanding of juvenile hawksbill ecology and serve as a baseline for future studies or inventories of hawksbills in the Caribbean.
C1 [Hart, Kristen M.] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Davie, FL USA.
[Phillips, Brendalee] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Philadelphia, PA USA.
[Roberson, Kimberly] NOAA, Ctr Coastal Monitoring & Assessment, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Allen, Jason B.] Mote Marine Lab, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA.
RP Hart, KM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Davie, FL USA.
EM kristen_hart@usgs.gov
FU National Park Service; USGS Priority Ecosystem Science Program
FX Fieldwork was permitted by NPS under the DPNR territorial permit (years
1994-1999) and only within Federal waters. National Park accession
numbers from 1998 to 2000: BUIS-00037 to BUIS-00058; catalog number BUIS
3415. Funding for this work was provided by the National Park Service,
and the USGS Priority Ecosystem Science Program. Any use of trade,
product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 49
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 5
U2 23
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0025-3162
J9 MAR BIOL
JI Mar. Biol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 160
IS 10
BP 2567
EP 2580
DI 10.1007/s00227-013-2249-x
PG 14
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 224GP
UT WOS:000324871300004
ER
PT J
AU Nishizawa, H
Naito, Y
Suganuma, H
Abe, O
Okuyama, J
Hirate, K
Tanaka, S
Inoguchi, E
Narushima, K
Kobayashi, K
Ishii, H
Tanizaki, S
Kobayashi, M
Goto, A
Arai, N
AF Nishizawa, Hideaki
Naito, Yuta
Suganuma, Hiroyuki
Abe, Osamu
Okuyama, Junichi
Hirate, Koichi
Tanaka, Shinichi
Inoguchi, Emi
Narushima, Koji
Kobayashi, Kiyoshige
Ishii, Hisakazu
Tanizaki, Shigeo
Kobayashi, Masato
Goto, Akira
Arai, Nobuaki
TI Composition of green turtle feeding aggregations along the Japanese
archipelago: implications for changes in composition with current flow
SO MARINE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID UNRAVELING MIGRATORY CONNECTIVITY; CHELONIA-MYDAS; SEA-TURTLES;
POPULATION-STRUCTURE; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; YAEYAMA ISLANDS; MARINE
TURTLES; MIXED STOCK; DISPERSAL; ATLANTIC
AB In order to develop effective conservation strategies for endangered migratory species, the link between feeding and breeding grounds needs to be clarified. In this study, the genetic compositions of consecutive Japanese feeding aggregations of green turtles (Chelonia mydas) along the Kuroshio Current were examined by mixed-stock analyses of mitochondrial DNA control-region sequences. The results indicated that the southern feeding aggregation around Yaeyama (24.3A degrees N, 124.0A degrees E) was sourced from various Pacific rookeries in the Yaeyama, Ogasawara, Western Pacific, and Indian Oceans and Southeast Asia. Among northern feeding aggregations, the Ginoza (26.5A degrees N, 128.0A degrees E) aggregation was also sourced from the Western Pacific Ocean, but the Nomaike (31.4A degrees N, 130.1A degrees E), Muroto (33.2A degrees N, 134.2A degrees E), and Kanto (35.6A degrees N, 140.5A degrees E) aggregations were contributed mostly by the closer Ogasawara rookeries. The reduced contribution from tropical Pacific rookeries to northern feeding aggregations and the significant correlation between genetic differentiation and geographical distance matrices of feeding aggregations indicated that most hatchlings from these regions transported by the Kuroshio Current settle in upstream feeding grounds along the Japanese archipelago, implying that current flow influences the composition of feeding aggregations. Differences in the composition of relatively close neritic feeding aggregations have important conservation implications, for which both regional and multinational conservation strategies are needed.
C1 [Nishizawa, Hideaki; Okuyama, Junichi; Arai, Nobuaki] Kyoto Univ, Dept Social Informat, Grad Sch Informat, Kyoto 6068501, Japan.
[Naito, Yuta; Goto, Akira] Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Fisheries Sci, Lab Breeding Sci, Hakodate, Hokkaido 0418611, Japan.
[Suganuma, Hiroyuki; Tanaka, Shinichi; Inoguchi, Emi; Narushima, Koji] Everlasting Nat Asia, Kanagawa Ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2210822, Japan.
[Abe, Osamu; Kobayashi, Kiyoshige] Fisheries Res Agcy, Seikai Natl Fisheries Res Inst, Res Ctr Subtrop Fisheries, Ishigaki, Okinawa 9070451, Japan.
[Abe, Osamu] Fisheries Res Agcy, Natl Res Inst Far Seas Fisheries, Shimizu, Shizuoka 4248633, Japan.
[Okuyama, Junichi] NOAA, Protected Resource Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Hirate, Koichi] Okinawa Prefectural Fisheries & Ocean Res Ctr, Itoman, Okinawa 9010305, Japan.
[Kobayashi, Kiyoshige] Kinki Univ, Program Environm Management, Grad Sch Agr, Nara 6318505, Japan.
[Ishii, Hisakazu; Tanizaki, Shigeo] Ishigaki Isl Sea Turtle Res Grp, Ishigaki, Okinawa 9070024, Japan.
RP Nishizawa, H (reprint author), Kyoto Univ, Dept Social Informat, Grad Sch Informat, Kyoto 6068501, Japan.
EM nishiza@bre.soc.i.kyoto-u.ac.jp
FU Global COE Program, Informatics Education and Research for a
Knowledge-Circulating Society; [17-1976]; [19880017]; [22710236]
FX We would like to acknowledge the followings for providing information
about the stranded turtles on Ishigaki Island and field sampling
assistance in Yaeyama Islands: the member of the Ishigaki Island Sea
Turtle Research Group; K. Okuzawa and the staff of the Ishigaki Tropical
Station and Yaeyama Station, Seikai National Fisheries Research
Institute; D. Imakita (Faculty of Agriculture, Kinki University); and Y.
Kawabata, T. Yasuda, K. Ichikawa, and H. Watanabe (Graduate School of
Informatics, Kyoto University). The staff of the Ogasawara Marine Center
and fisheries cooperative associations in Hahajima Island and Chichijima
Island and M. Kaneko (Club Noah Hahajima) kindly helped with sampling in
Ogasawara Islands. Sampling in Ginoza was supported by N. Kamezaki and
the Sea Turtle Association of Japan. M. Kinoshita, H. Sawada (Graduate
School of Agriculture, Kyoto University), R. Matsuoka, and T. Nishizawa
(IREIIMS, Tokyo Women's Medical University) provided assistance with the
DNA extraction, amplification, and sequencing analyses. T. Hamabata and
H. Koike (Graduate School of Social and Cultural Studies, Kyushu
University) kindly provided data on the Muroto and Nomaike aggregations.
We thank the two anonymous reviewers for valuable comments on this
manuscript. This study was partly supported by a Grant-in-Aid for JSPS
Fellows (J.O. 17-1976), for Research Activity Start-up (J.O. No.
19880017), for Young Scientists B (J.O. No. 22710236), and the Global
COE Program, Informatics Education and Research for a
Knowledge-Circulating Society.
NR 43
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 20
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0025-3162
J9 MAR BIOL
JI Mar. Biol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 160
IS 10
BP 2671
EP 2685
DI 10.1007/s00227-013-2261-1
PG 15
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 224GP
UT WOS:000324871300013
ER
PT J
AU Bjorndal, KA
Schroeder, BA
Foley, AM
Witherington, BE
Bresette, M
Clark, D
Herren, RM
Arendt, MD
Schmid, JR
Meylan, AB
Meylan, PA
Provancha, JA
Hart, KM
Lamont, MM
Carthy, RR
Bolten, AB
AF Bjorndal, Karen A.
Schroeder, Barbara A.
Foley, Allen M.
Witherington, Blair E.
Bresette, Michael
Clark, David
Herren, Richard M.
Arendt, Michael D.
Schmid, Jeffrey R.
Meylan, Anne B.
Meylan, Peter A.
Provancha, Jane A.
Hart, Kristen M.
Lamont, Margaret M.
Carthy, Raymond R.
Bolten, Alan B.
TI Temporal, spatial, and body size effects on growth rates of loggerhead
sea turtles (Caretta caretta) in the Northwest Atlantic
SO MARINE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SOMATIC GROWTH; DEVELOPMENTAL HABITAT; CHELONIA-MYDAS; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
POPULATION; DYNAMICS; FLORIDA; LIFE
AB In response to a call from the US National Research Council for research programs to combine their data to improve sea turtle population assessments, we analyzed somatic growth data for Northwest Atlantic (NWA) loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) from 10 research programs. We assessed growth dynamics over wide ranges of geography (9-33A degrees N latitude), time (1978-2012), and body size (35.4-103.3 cm carapace length). Generalized additive models revealed significant spatial and temporal variation in growth rates and a significant decline in growth rates with increasing body size. Growth was more rapid in waters south of the USA (< 24A degrees N) than in USA waters. Growth dynamics in southern waters in the NWA need more study because sample size was small. Within USA waters, the significant spatial effect in growth rates of immature loggerheads did not exhibit a consistent latitudinal trend. Growth rates declined significantly from 1997 through 2007 and then leveled off or increased. During this same interval, annual nest counts in Florida declined by 43 % (Witherington et al. in Ecol Appl 19:30-54, 2009) before rebounding. Whether these simultaneous declines reflect responses in productivity to a common environmental change should be explored to determine whether somatic growth rates can help interpret population trends based on annual counts of nests or nesting females. Because of the significant spatial and temporal variation in growth rates, population models of NWA loggerheads should avoid employing growth data from restricted spatial or temporal coverage to calculate demographic metrics such as age at sexual maturity.
C1 [Bjorndal, Karen A.; Witherington, Blair E.; Lamont, Margaret M.; Carthy, Raymond R.; Bolten, Alan B.] Univ Florida, Archie Carr Ctr Sea Turtle Res, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Bjorndal, Karen A.; Bolten, Alan B.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Schroeder, Barbara A.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Foley, Allen M.] Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, Jacksonville, FL 32218 USA.
[Witherington, Blair E.] Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, Melbourne Beach, FL 32951 USA.
[Witherington, Blair E.; Bresette, Michael; Clark, David; Herren, Richard M.] Inwater Res Grp Inc, Jensen Beach, FL 34957 USA.
[Arendt, Michael D.] South Carolina Dept Nat Resources, Marine Resources Div, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Schmid, Jeffrey R.] Conservancy Southwest Florida, Dept Environm Sci, Naples, FL 34102 USA.
[Meylan, Anne B.] Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Meylan, Anne B.; Meylan, Peter A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
[Meylan, Peter A.] Eckerd Coll, Nat Sci Coll, St Petersburg, FL 33711 USA.
[Provancha, Jane A.] InoMed Hlth Applicat, Kennedy Space Ctr, Merritt Isl, FL 32899 USA.
[Hart, Kristen M.] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Davie, FL 33314 USA.
[Lamont, Margaret M.; Carthy, Raymond R.] Univ Florida, US Geol Survey, Florida Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
RP Bjorndal, KA (reprint author), Univ Florida, Archie Carr Ctr Sea Turtle Res, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM bjorndal@ufl.edu
OI Bjorndal, Karen/0000-0002-6286-1901
FU Disney Worldwide Conservation Fund; Florida Fish and Wildlife
Conservation Commission; NASA-John F. Kennedy Space Center; National
Marine Fisheries Service; National Park Service; US Geological Survey;
Wildlife Conservation Society (New York)
FX We are very grateful to the many people who assisted with turtle
captures and measurements: B. Bolt, A. Brame, B. Brost, R. Burrows, J.
Byrd, R. Cancro, E. Chadwick, M. Cherkiss, S. Connett, C. Crady, B.
Crouchley, S. Gann, C. Hackett, T. Hirama, R. Lowers, K.
Holloway-Adkins, K. Ludwig, K. Minch, H. Nixon, J. Nixon, S. Nixon, L.
Ogren, M. Provancha, T. Redlow, E. Reyier, B. Reynolds, A. Sartain, D.
Scheidt, J. Schwenter, A. Segars, B. Stephens, and W. Witzell. For
logistical support, we thank C. Douglass, J. Douglass, T. Gottshall, K.
Nimmo, J. Spade, and T. Ziegler. For data management, we thank P.E.
Eliazar. We used the Maptool program (see www.seaturtle.org) to create
the map in this paper. Our studies were supported by several funding
sources: Disney Worldwide Conservation Fund, Florida Fish and Wildlife
Conservation Commission, NASA-John F. Kennedy Space Center, National
Marine Fisheries Service, National Park Service, US Geological Survey,
and the Wildlife Conservation Society (New York). All turtle captures
and handling were conducted with appropriate national and state research
permits and approved IACUC protocols, where applicable. Any use of
trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 33
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 3
U2 46
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0025-3162
J9 MAR BIOL
JI Mar. Biol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 160
IS 10
BP 2711
EP 2721
DI 10.1007/s00227-013-2264-y
PG 11
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 224GP
UT WOS:000324871300016
ER
PT J
AU Xiang, SY
Li, YQ
Li, DA
Yang, S
AF Xiang, Shuoyu
Li, Yueqing
Li, Dian
Yang, Song
TI An analysis of heavy precipitation caused by a retracing plateau vortex
based on TRMM data
SO METEOROLOGY AND ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID RADAR; RAIN; SATELLITE; OCEANS
AB In this paper, we study a persistent heavy precipitation process caused by a special retracing plateau vortex in the eastern Tibetan Plateau during 21-26 July 2010 using tropical rainfall measuring mission (TRMM) data. Results show that during the whole heavy rainfall process, the precipitation rate of convective cloud is steady for all four phases of the plateau vortex movement. Compared with the convective precipitation clouds, the stratiform precipitation clouds have a higher fraction of area, a comparable ratio of contribution to the total precipitation, and a much lower precipitation rate. Precipitation increases substantially after the vortex moves out of the Tibetan Plateau, and Sichuan Province has the most extensive precipitation, which occurs when the vortex turns back westward. A number of strong convective precipitation cloud centers appear at 3-5 km. With strong upward motion, the highest rain top can reach up to 15 km. In various phases of the vortex evolution, there is always more precipitable ice than precipitable water, cloud ice water and cloud liquid water. The precipitating cloud particles increase significantly in the middle and lower troposphere when the vortex moves eastward, and cloud ice particles increase quickly at 6-8 km when the vortex retraces westward. The center of the latent heat release is always prior to the center of the vortex, and the vortex moves along the latent heat release areas. Moreover, high latent heat is released at 5-8 km with maximum at 7 km. Also, the latent heat release is more significant when the vortex moves out of the Tibetan Plateau than over the Tibetan Plateau.
C1 [Xiang, Shuoyu; Li, Yueqing] China Meteorol Adm, Inst Plateau Meteorol, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
[Li, Dian] Shenyang Meteorol Off, Shenyang 110168, Liaoning, Peoples R China.
[Yang, Song] NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Li, YQ (reprint author), China Meteorol Adm, Inst Plateau Meteorol, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
EM yueqingli@163.com
FU National Key Basic Research Development Program Project of China
[2012CB417202]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [41275051];
Special Fund for Meteorological Research in the Public Interest
[GYHY201206042, GYHY201106003, GYHY201006053]; Special Research Funds
Project of National Public Service Sectors (WMO); Key Research and
Operation Project of Southwest China Regional Meteorological Center
[2010-1]; Special Project for Basic Work of Ministry of Science and
Technology [2006FY220300]
FX The authors are grateful to Dr. Michael L. Kaplan who helped to improve
the English and edit the manuscript. This work was supported by the
National Key Basic Research Development Program Project of China (No.
2012CB417202), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.
41275051), Special Fund for Meteorological Research in the Public
Interest (GYHY201206042, GYHY201106003, GYHY201006053), Special Research
Funds Project of National Public Service Sectors (WMO), Key Research and
Operation Project of Southwest China Regional Meteorological Center (No.
2010-1); Special Project for Basic Work of Ministry of Science and
Technology (No. 2006FY220300).
NR 24
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U1 1
U2 5
PU SPRINGER WIEN
PI WIEN
PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA
SN 0177-7971
J9 METEOROL ATMOS PHYS
JI Meteorol. Atmos. Phys.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 122
IS 1-2
BP 33
EP 45
DI 10.1007/s00703-013-0269-1
PG 13
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 224KI
UT WOS:000324883600003
ER
PT J
AU Tien, DD
Ngo-Duc, T
Mai, HT
Kieu, C
AF Du Duc Tien
Thanh Ngo-Duc
Hoang Thi Mai
Kieu, Chanh
TI A study of the connection between tropical cyclone track and intensity
errors in the WRF model
SO METEOROLOGY AND ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ENSEMBLE KALMAN FILTER; PREDICTION SYSTEM; HURRICANE; SENSITIVITY;
INITIALIZATION; FORECASTS; VERIFICATION; SIMULATION; IMPACT; MOTION
AB This study examines the dependence of the tropical cyclone (TC) intensity errors on the track errors in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF-ARW) model. By using the National Centers for Environmental Prediction global final analysis as the initial and boundary conditions for cloud-resolving simulations of TC cases that have small track errors, it is found that the 2- and 3-day intensity errors in the North Atlantic basin can be reduced to 15 and 19 % when the track errors decrease to 55 and 76 %, respectively, whereas the 1-day intensity error shows no significant reduction despite more than 30 % decrease of the 1-day track error. For the North-Western Pacific basin, the percentage of intensity reduction is somewhat similar with the 2- and 3-day intensity errors improved by about 15 and 19 %, respectively. This suggests that future improvement of the TC track forecast skill in the WRF-ARW model will be beneficial to the intensity forecast. However, the substantially smaller percentages of intensity improvement than those of the track error improvement indicate that ambient environment tends to play a less important role in determining the TC intensity as compared to other factors related to the vortex initialization or physics representations in the WRF-ARW model.
C1 [Du Duc Tien] Natl Ctr Hydrometeorol Forecasting, Div Res & Dev, Hanoi, Vietnam.
[Thanh Ngo-Duc] Vietnam Natl Univ, Dept Meteorol, Hanoi Coll Sci, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam.
[Hoang Thi Mai; Kieu, Chanh] Vietnam Natl Univ, Lab Weather & Climate Forecasting, Hanoi Coll Sci, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam.
[Kieu, Chanh] NOAA NWS NCEP EMC, IM Syst Grp, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Kieu, C (reprint author), NOAA NWS NCEP EMC, IM Syst Grp, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM chanhkq@vnu.edu.vn
RI ND, Thanh/L-6948-2013
OI ND, Thanh/0000-0003-1444-7498
FU Vietnam Ministry of Science and Technology Foundation
[DT.NCCB-DHUD.2011-G10]
FX We would like to thank Buck Sampson at Naval Research
Laboratory-Monterey for his various valuable suggestions and
corrections. We would like also to extend our thanks to the two
anonymous reviewers for their very constructive comments and
suggestions, which helped improve the manuscript greatly. This research
was supported by the Vietnam Ministry of Science and Technology
Foundation DT.NCCB-DHUD.2011-G10. The FNL data for this study are from
the Research Data Archive (RDA) which is maintained by the Computational
and Information Systems Laboratory (CISL) at the National Center for
Atmospheric Research (NCAR).
NR 32
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U1 0
U2 5
PU SPRINGER WIEN
PI WIEN
PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA
SN 0177-7971
J9 METEOROL ATMOS PHYS
JI Meteorol. Atmos. Phys.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 122
IS 1-2
BP 55
EP 64
DI 10.1007/s00703-013-0278-0
PG 10
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 224KI
UT WOS:000324883600005
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, JY
Bowles, FL
Bearden, DW
Ray, WK
Fuhrer, T
Ye, YQ
Dixon, C
Harich, K
Helm, RF
Olmstead, MM
Balch, AL
Dorn, HC
AF Zhang, Jianyuan
Bowles, Faye L.
Bearden, Daniel W.
Ray, W. Keith
Fuhrer, Tim
Ye, Youqing
Dixon, Caitlyn
Harich, Kim
Helm, Richard F.
Olmstead, Marilyn M.
Balch, Alan L.
Dorn, Harry C.
TI A missing link in the transformation from asymmetric to symmetric
metallofullerene cages implies a top-down fullerene formation mechanism
SO NATURE CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID ISOLATED PENTAGON RULE; ENDOHEDRAL FULLERENES; MATERIALS SCIENCE; CARBON
CAGE; C-60; BUCKMINSTERFULLERENE; GRAPHENE; FAMILY; CHLORINATION;
CLUSTER
AB Although fullerenes were discovered nearly three decades ago, the mechanism of their formation remains a mystery. Many versions of the classic 'bottom-up' formation mechanism have been advanced, starting with C 2 units that build up to form chains and rings of carbon atoms and ultimately form those well-known isolated fullerenes (for example, I h-C 60). In recent years, evidence from laboratory and interstellar observations has emerged to suggest a 'top-down' mechanism, whereby small isolated fullerenes are formed via shrinkage of giant fullerenes generated from graphene sheets. Here, we present molecular structural evidence for this top-down mechanism based on metal carbide metallofullerenes M2C2@C-1(51383)-C-84 (M=Y, Gd). We propose that the unique asymmetric C-1(51383)-C-84 cage with destabilizing fused pentagons is a preserved 'missing link' in the top-down mechanism, and in well-established rearrangement steps can form many well-known, high-symmetry fullerene structures that account for the majority of solvent-extractable metallofullerenes.
C1 [Zhang, Jianyuan; Ye, Youqing; Dorn, Harry C.] Virginia Tech Caril Res Inst, Roanoke, VA 24016 USA.
[Bowles, Faye L.; Olmstead, Marilyn M.; Balch, Alan L.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Bearden, Daniel W.] Hollings Marine Lab, Div Chem Sci, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Zhang, Jianyuan; Fuhrer, Tim; Ye, Youqing; Dixon, Caitlyn; Dorn, Harry C.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Chem, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Ray, W. Keith; Harich, Kim; Helm, Richard F.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Biochem, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
RP Zhang, JY (reprint author), Virginia Tech Caril Res Inst, Roanoke, VA 24016 USA.
EM mmolmstead@ucdavis.edu; albalch@ucdavis.edu; hdorn@vt.edu
RI Zhang, Jianyuan/I-4996-2014;
OI Helm, Richard/0000-0001-5317-0925
FU National Science Foundation [CHE-0938043, CHE-1011760]; Hollings Marine
Laboratory; US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX The authors acknowledge support from the National Science Foundation
(grants CHE-0938043 to H. C. D. and CHE-1011760 to A. L. B. and M.M.O.)
and the Hollings Marine Laboratory NMR Facility. The authors also thank
the Advanced Light Source, supported by the Director, Office of Science,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the US Department of Energy
(contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231) for beam time, and S.J. Teat and C. M.
Beavers for assistance.
NR 40
TC 39
Z9 40
U1 3
U2 78
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1755-4330
J9 NAT CHEM
JI Nat. Chem.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 5
IS 10
BP 880
EP 885
DI 10.1038/NCHEM.1748
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 223SJ
UT WOS:000324829200015
PM 24056346
ER
PT J
AU Cho, S
Kang, SD
Kim, W
Lee, ES
Woo, SJ
Kong, KJ
Kim, I
Kim, HD
Zhang, T
Stroscio, JA
Kim, YH
Lyeo, HK
AF Cho, Sanghee
Kang, Stephen Dongmin
Kim, Wondong
Lee, Eui-Sup
Woo, Sung-Jae
Kong, Ki-Jeong
Kim, Ilyou
Kim, Hyeong-Do
Zhang, Tong
Stroscio, Joseph A.
Kim, Yong-Hyun
Lyeo, Ho-Ki
TI Thermoelectric imaging of structural disorder in epitaxial graphene
SO NATURE MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID TRILAYER GRAPHENE; STRAIN RELAXATION; BAND-GAP; MICROSCOPY; JUNCTIONS;
LAYERS
AB Heat is a familiar form of energy transported from a hot side to a colder side of an object, but not a notion associated with microscopic measurements of electronic properties. A temperature difference within a material causes charge carriers, electrons or holes to diffuse along the temperature gradient inducing a thermoelectric voltage. Here we show that local thermoelectric measurements can yield high-sensitivity imaging of structural disorder on the atomic and nanometre scales. The thermopower measurement acts to amplify the variations in the local density of states at the Fermi level, giving high differential contrast in thermoelectric signals. Using this imaging technique, we uncovered point defects in the first layer of epitaxial graphene, which generate soliton-like domain-wall line patterns separating regions of the different interlayer stacking of the second graphene layer.
C1 [Cho, Sanghee; Kang, Stephen Dongmin; Kim, Wondong; Lyeo, Ho-Ki] Korea Res Inst Stand & Sci, Taejon 305340, South Korea.
[Lee, Eui-Sup; Woo, Sung-Jae; Kim, Yong-Hyun] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Grad Sch Nanosci & Technol WCU, Taejon 305701, South Korea.
[Kong, Ki-Jeong] Korea Res Inst Chem Technol, Taejon 305600, South Korea.
[Kim, Ilyou; Kim, Hyeong-Do] Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Pohang Accelerator Lab, Pohang 790784, South Korea.
[Zhang, Tong; Stroscio, Joseph A.] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Lyeo, HK (reprint author), Korea Res Inst Stand & Sci, Taejon 305340, South Korea.
EM yong.hyun.kim@kaist.ac.kr; hklyeo@kriss.re.kr
RI Kim, Yong-Hyun/C-2045-2011
OI Kim, Yong-Hyun/0000-0003-4255-2068
FU Converging Research Center Program of MEST [2012K001307]; MEST-US Air
Force Cooperation Program of NRF/MEST [2010-00303]; WCU
[R31-2008-000-10071-0]; NRF programmes of MEST [2012-046191]
FX We thank Y. Kuk for helpful comments. W. Kim thanks H-K. Lee and B-G.
Park for their support in the experiments at Pohang Light Source II.
This work was supported by the Converging Research Center Program of
MEST (2012K001307) and the MEST-US Air Force Cooperation Program of
NRF/MEST (2010-00303). The work at KAIST was supported by the WCU
(R31-2008-000-10071-0) and NRF (2012-046191) programmes of MEST.
NR 34
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U1 6
U2 145
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1476-1122
J9 NAT MATER
JI Nat. Mater.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 12
IS 10
BP 913
EP 918
DI 10.1038/NMAT3708
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics,
Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics
GA 222MU
UT WOS:000324736000017
PM 23852400
ER
PT J
AU Hutchinson, KA
Swart, S
Ansorge, IJ
Goni, GJ
AF Hutchinson, K. A.
Swart, S.
Ansorge, I. J.
Goni, G. J.
TI Exposing XBT bias in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART I-OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH PAPERS
LA English
DT Article
DE XBT; Temperature bias; Inter-comparison study; Southern Ocean
ID EXPENDABLE BATHYTHERMOGRAPH XBT; ANTARCTIC CIRCUMPOLAR CURRENT;
SEA-LEVEL RISE; FALL-RATE; T-7 XBT; TEMPERATURE; TSK; PROFILES;
SIPPICAN; EQUATION
AB Hydrographic data from three research cruises, occupying the GoodHope line in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean, are used to identify and quantify Expendable Bathythermograph (XBT) temperature biases. A set of 148 collocated XBT and CTD stations, separated by a maximum distance of <12.5 nm and <10 h, are used in this study. A subset of these comparisons is also investigated.
This subset consists of 24 simultaneous pairs where the XBT and CTD stations are within 2.5 nm and 2 h of one another. These simultaneous pairs are extremely rare in XBT bias experiments and provide data set to assess, in deeper detail, the behaviour of the bias. The net bias, which is a product of both the depth offset and the pure thermal bias, is investigated with depth per frontal zone for both the collocated and simultaneous comparisons and found to be on the whole positive, meaning warmer XBT readings compared to the CID values at each depth. The total mean bias for all collocated pairs was found to be 0.101 +/- 0.024 degrees C, and for the simultaneous subset the net bias had a mean value of 0.130 +/- 0.064 degrees C. An investigation into the magnitude of the depth offset was also undertaken, exposing generally positive depth biases, thereby indicating an overestimation of depth by the fall rate equation. A sizeable variation in bias between frontal zones is observed, along with an expected increase of net bias in regions of steeper temperature gradient. The contribution of the pure thermal bias is explored and found to be comparatively small yet still sizeable (mean bias =0.053 +/- 0.063 degrees C). Results found in this study further support the hypothesis of the regional dependence of the XBT fall rate on water temperature, and thus water viscosity. In addition, results obtained here highlight the need to develop an XBT bias correction scheme specifically appropriate to the Southern Ocean. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Hutchinson, K. A.; Swart, S.; Ansorge, I. J.] Univ Cape Town, Marine Res Inst, Dept Oceanog, ZA-7701 Rondebosch, South Africa.
[Swart, S.] CSIR NRE, Southern Ocean Carbon & Climate Observ, ZA-7599 Stellenbosch, South Africa.
[Goni, G. J.] NOAA, AOML, PHOD, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Hutchinson, KA (reprint author), Univ Cape Town, Marine Res Inst, Dept Oceanog, ZA-7701 Rondebosch, South Africa.
EM kath.hutchinson@gmail.com
RI Goni, Gustavo/D-2017-2012;
OI Goni, Gustavo/0000-0001-7093-3170; Swart,
Sebastiaan/0000-0002-2251-8826; Hutchinson,
Katherine/0000-0002-3472-8273
FU South African National Antarctic Programme; University of Cape Town;
SOCCO; ACCESS and NRF/SANAP; NOAA/AOML; NOAA Climate Program Office
FX We thank the South African National Antarctic Programme, and the
University of Cape Town for funding. This study would not have been
possible without the data collected by the hydrographic cruises
conducted under the auspices of the Shirshov Institute of Oceanology
aboard the RV Akademik Sergey Vavilov, and the BONUS-GoodHope campaign
aboard the RV Marion Dufresne. SS was supported through SOCCO
post-doctoral fellowships funded by ACCESS and NRF/SANAP. We are
grateful to Silvia Garzoli and her colleagues at AOML/NOAA for their
dedication to the XBT programme at the GoodHope/AX25 transect. XBTs were
provided by the NOAA Climate Program Office. GG is funded by NOAA/AOML
and by the NOAA Climate Program Office.
NR 44
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Z9 2
U1 0
U2 9
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0637
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT I
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part I-Oceanogr. Res. Pap.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 80
BP 11
EP 22
DI 10.1016/j.dsr.2013.06.001
PG 12
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 215RJ
UT WOS:000324227700002
ER
PT J
AU Williams, LJ
Campbell, MD
Tsang, PCW
Sulikowski, JA
AF Williams, Laura Jay
Campbell, Matthew D.
Tsang, Paul C. W.
Sulikowski, James A.
TI Using estradiol and progesterone concentrations to assess individual
variability in the reproductive cyclicity of captive female little
skates, Leucoraja erinacea, from the western Gulf of Maine
SO FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Life history; Radioimmunoassay; Rajidae; Steroid hormones
ID STEROID-HORMONES; SEXUAL-MATURITY; RAJA-ERINACEA; SERUM CONCENTRATIONS;
SQUALUS-ACANTHIAS; EXTINCTION VULNERABILITY; VIVIPAROUS DOGFISH;
AMBLYRAJA-RADIATA; ATLANTIC STINGRAY; GONAD DEVELOPMENT
AB In the current study, plasma steroid hormones were used to assess the individual variability of Leucoraja erinacea over the course of 12 months, in hopes of further defining its reproductive cycle. No statistical differences in hormone concentrations were observed between the isolated and non-isolated female skates. Monthly E-2 concentrations ranged from 1,430 pg ml(-1) in August to 3,940 pg ml(-1) in March, indicating the presence of mature ovarian follicles and supporting the conclusions from previous studies that L. erinacea is capable of reproducing year-round. Concentrations of E-2 were significantly elevated or depressed during some months (February, March, June, July, August, and September) of the year, suggesting that reproductive activity may vary over the annual cycle. Even though monthly P-4 concentrations were highly variable, ranging from 82 pg ml(-1) in November to 816 pg ml(-1) in September, no significant reproductive peaks were observed. In addition, a persistently large variation in E-2 and P-4 concentrations, indicative of reproductive asynchrony within (mean CV 62 % and CV 69 %, respectively) and between (mean range CV 78 and 125 %, respectively) individual skates, was observed throughout the study. Collectively, the continually high E-2 concentrations and variability in both hormones observed in the current study are indicative of an oviparous species that reproduces actively throughout the year. However, the weekly sampling frequency revealed that plasma E-2 concentrations, not P-4, were more useful to assess reproductive status in asynchronous continuously breeding oviparous elasmobranchs.
C1 [Williams, Laura Jay; Sulikowski, James A.] Univ New England, Ctr Marine Sci, Biddeford, ME 04005 USA.
[Campbell, Matthew D.] Mississippi Labs, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Pascagoula, MS 39564 USA.
[Tsang, Paul C. W.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Cellular Mol & Biomed Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
RP Williams, LJ (reprint author), Univ New England, Ctr Marine Sci, 11 Hills Beach Rd, Biddeford, ME 04005 USA.
EM laurajaywilliams@gmail.com
OI Campbell, Matthew/0000-0002-0087-5291
FU University of New England's Graduate School and Marine Science Center
FX We would like to thank captain J. Jurek of the F.V. "Mystique Lady" and
Puggy Jr. of the F.V. "Lady Victoria'' for collection of the little
skates and the University of New England's Graduate School and Marine
Science Center for funding and use of the wet laboratory facilities. We
would also like to extend our gratitude to K. Coutre, R. Knotek, C.
Peterson, and A. Traverse-Taylor for assisting with the collection and
processing of samples and Dr. David Koester for his thoughtful review of
this manuscript. This manuscript represents MSC contribution number 48.
NR 42
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U1 2
U2 14
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0920-1742
J9 FISH PHYSIOL BIOCHEM
JI Fish Physiol. Biochem.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 39
IS 5
BP 1089
EP 1099
DI 10.1007/s10695-012-9766-2
PG 11
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Fisheries; Physiology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Fisheries; Physiology
GA 217EL
UT WOS:000324339500004
PM 23307173
ER
PT J
AU Claxton, A
Jacobson, KC
Bhuthimethee, M
Teel, D
Bottom, D
AF Claxton, Andrew
Jacobson, Kym C.
Bhuthimethee, Mary
Teel, David
Bottom, Dan
TI Parasites in subyearling Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)
suggest increased habitat use in wetlands compared to sandy beach
habitats in the Columbia River estuary
SO HYDROBIOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Fall Chinook salmon; Trophic interactions; Parasites; Habitat use
ID JUVENILE SALMON; LIFE-CYCLE; LARVAL DEVELOPMENT; HISTORY; OREGON;
NEMATODA; ACANTHOCEPHALA; RESIDENCY; SURVIVAL; FISH
AB Many estuaries in the Pacific Northwest have been severely altered reducing wetlands habitat and resulting in an interest in their importance as rearing areas for juvenile salmon. To examine differences in habitat use during residency in the Columbia River estuary, we examined parasite communities acquired through food web interactions in subyearling Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) collected from four different habitat types in May and July of 2004 and 2005. Collections were made from two sandy bottom habitat types in the tidal freshwater and marine mixing areas of the estuary. These were compared to two wetlands types: one composed of scrub and shrub vegetation and another with emergent vegetation. Parasite assemblages differed among habitats suggesting differences in salmon feeding opportunities and rearing behaviors. In both years, the nematode, Hysterothylacium aduncum and the acanthocephalan, Echinorhynchus lageniformis, which use intermediate hosts found in the estuary, were more prevalent in lower wetlands suggesting increased feeding by salmon in these habitats. The differences in parasite assemblages among habitats suggests a variety of rearing and migration patterns through the Columbia River estuary and the increased prevalences of some parasites in the wetlands show that these habitats can be important feeding grounds for salmon.
C1 [Claxton, Andrew; Bhuthimethee, Mary] Cooperat Inst Marine Resources Studies, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Jacobson, Kym C.; Bottom, Dan] NOAA Fisheries, NWFSC, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Teel, David] NOAA Fisheries, NWFSC, Manchester, WA 98353 USA.
RP Claxton, A (reprint author), Cooperat Inst Marine Resources Studies, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
EM claxton.andrewt@gmail.com
FU Bonneville Power Administration; National Marine Fisheries Service
FX We would like the thank Mary Beth Rew and Rebecca Baldwin for confirming
parasite species identification. David Kuligowski collected the genetics
data used in this study. Susan Hinton, Curtis Roegner, George McCabe,
and Jen Zamon collected salmon used in this project. Funding for this
project was provided by the Bonneville Power Administration and the
National Marine Fisheries Service.
NR 55
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U1 3
U2 40
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0018-8158
J9 HYDROBIOLOGIA
JI Hydrobiologia
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 717
IS 1
BP 27
EP 39
DI 10.1007/s10750-013-1564-z
PG 13
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 208EW
UT WOS:000323660900003
ER
PT J
AU Coe, HJ
Wei, XH
Kiffney, PM
AF Coe, Holly J.
Wei, Xiaohua
Kiffney, Peter M.
TI Linking forest harvest and landscape factors to benthic
macroinvertebrate communities in the interior of British Columbia
SO HYDROBIOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Forest harvest effects; Landscape variation; Benthic macroinvertebrates;
Community structure
ID RIPARIAN BUFFER WIDTH; LARGE WOODY DEBRIS; HEADWATER STREAMS;
NEW-ZEALAND; CLEAR-CUT; INVERTEBRATE COLONIZATION; EXPERIMENTAL
MANIPULATION; JUVENILE SALMONIDS; WESTERN WASHINGTON; WATERSHED SCALE
AB Detecting the magnitude of human-induced disturbance events, such as forest harvest, on biological communities is often confounded by other environmental gradients and scales at which these effects are examined. In this study, benthic invertebrates were collected from 43 streams across four basins and two geographic regions to (1) determine whether invertebrate abundance and community structure are best explained by historic forest harvest, landscape variables or a combination of both, and (2) evaluate associations among harvest, landscape variables, in-stream physical habitat, and invertebrates. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling showed that invertebrate community structure was primarily explained by watershed area and elevation, and basin and region but not by measures of forest harvest. Model selection using an information-theoretic approach and Akaike's information criterion indicated that watershed area was the most important variable explaining clinger and long-lived taxa richness, while basin was the most important variable explaining total abundance, and total, Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera taxa richness. Forest harvest ranked lower than landscape variables in relative importance in all models. These results suggest that landscape characteristics were relatively more important in predicting invertebrate community structure than forest harvest, and should therefore be considered when assessing the impacts of both reach and watershed scale forest harvest on benthic communities. Perhaps, the levels of forest harvest examined in this study had only marginal effects on benthic invertebrates because these ecosystems are naturally resilient as a result of frequent disturbance from forest fires.
C1 [Coe, Holly J.] NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Wei, Xiaohua] Univ British Columbia, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Kelowna, BC, Canada.
[Kiffney, Peter M.] NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Mukilteo Biol Field Stn, Mukilteo, WA 98275 USA.
[Kiffney, Peter M.] Hedmark Univ Coll, Fac Forestry & Wildlife Management, N-2418 Elverum, Norway.
RP Coe, HJ (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM Holly.Coe@noaa.gov
FU Forest Science Program, British Columbia Ministry of Forests
FX This study was funded by a grant from the Forest Science Program,
British Columbia Ministry of Forests. The authors would like to thank
Gordon Guest for assistance in field data collection, and Dr. Tim
Beechie and four anonymous reviewers for providing valuable and
constructive comments on this manuscript.
NR 67
TC 0
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 44
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0018-8158
J9 HYDROBIOLOGIA
JI Hydrobiologia
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 717
IS 1
BP 65
EP 84
DI 10.1007/s10750-013-1573-y
PG 20
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 208EW
UT WOS:000323660900006
ER
PT J
AU Baker, MR
Gobush, KS
Vynne, CH
AF Baker, Matthew R.
Gobush, Kathleen S.
Vynne, Carly H.
TI Review of factors influencing stress hormones in fish and wildlife
SO JOURNAL FOR NATURE CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Review
DE Corticosterone; Cortisol; Environmental disturbance; Glucocorticoids
ID CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY; GLUCOCORTICOIDS; INDICATORS; MANAGEMENT;
RESPONSES; ECOLOGY
AB Conservation efforts to better understand how wildlife populations respond to environmental change and anthropogenic disturbance has led to a proliferation of research examining physiological indicators of stress response in wildlife. Glucocorticoid stress hormones (GCs), typically cortisol and corticosterone, are among the most frequently measured indicators of the vertebrate stress response. To review the current state of research on stress physiology of free-ranging animals and its application to conservation, we canvassed more than 1000 articles on GC measures in wildlife published since 1969. For 454 studies published since 1990, we assessed the most commonly analysed correlates and disturbances and conducted a meta-analysis on commonly studied species. We noted a prominent divide in the legacies of fish-related analyses and those of higher order vertebrates and the need and opportunity to transfer knowledge between fields. Fish studies most frequently measured physiological indicators, condition, and the relationship between stress and mortality, whereas other vertebrate studies most frequently measured reproduction, condition, and environmental correlates. Correlates that significantly influenced GC levels across all vertebrate groups and are thus important to control for in study design and analyses include density and dispersal of conspecifics, season, reproductive status, and social status. Consistent trends across commonly studied species included positive GC response to capture and handling, reduced GC response related to acclimation, and a lack of correlation between condition and baseline GC levels. Our synthesis within and across diverse taxonomic orders reveals substantial research coverage but a lack of depth in multivariate analyses and a disparity in how correlates are controlled. This paper provides a comprehensive assessment of correlates and disturbances that influence GC measures and, as such, has useful applications to assist conservation physiologists in study design, analysis, and interpretation. (C) 2013 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
C1 [Baker, Matthew R.] NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Gobush, Kathleen S.] NOAA, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Honolulu, HI 96814 USA.
[Vynne, Carly H.] Natl Fish & Wildlife Fdn, Washington, DC 20005 USA.
RP Baker, MR (reprint author), NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 7600 Sand Point Way NE,Bldg 4, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM Matthew.Baker@noaa.gov; kathleen.gobush@noaa.gov; Carly.Vynne@nfwf.org
NR 33
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 9
U2 130
PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG
PI JENA
PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY
SN 1617-1381
J9 J NAT CONSERV
JI J. Nat. Conserv.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 21
IS 5
BP 309
EP 318
DI 10.1016/j.jnc.2013.03.003
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 213DO
UT WOS:000324034700007
ER
PT J
AU Hilton, EJ
Stevenson, DE
AF Hilton, Eric J.
Stevenson, Duane E.
TI Osteology of the prowfish, Zaprora silenus (Cottiformes: Zoarcoidei:
Zaproridae)
SO JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Acanthomorpha; Percomorpha; skeletal anatomy
ID BERING-SEA; PACIFIC; FISHES; MITOCHONDRIAL; PERCIFORMES; PHYLOGENY;
TELEOSTEI
AB The prowfish, Zaprora silenus, is the sole member of the family Zaproridae. It is a large, relatively elongate species with a robust head and body, and it feeds primarily on jellyfishes. Although the larvae and juveniles are pelagic, the adults are demersal, and the species is widely distributed from Southern California around the Pacific Rim to Hokkaido, Japan. The stichaeid affinities of this species have long been recognized, and the family is currently placed, along with the Stichaeidae, in the Zoarcoidei. Previous anatomical studies of Zaprora have been based on relatively few specimens from a limited geographic range and have not included cleared and stained (c&s) specimens. Here, we provide a complete description of the osteology of the prowfish, based on a large series of specimens representing a broad ontogenetic range, including a series of c&s specimens. Our results contradict the findings of previous authors in the structure of the pharyngeal teeth, presence of the pelvic girdle, and the placement of the first dorsal pterygiophore. However, we concur with the findings of previous morphological and molecular phylogenetic studies, which indicate that the prowfish is probably most closely related to at least some members of the Stichaeidae. J. Morphol. 274:1143-1163, 2013. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
C1 [Hilton, Eric J.] Coll William & Mary, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
[Stevenson, Duane E.] Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Resource Assessment & Conservat Engn Div, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Hilton, EJ (reprint author), Coll William & Mary, Dept Fisheries Sci, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
EM ehilton@vims.edu
NR 35
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0362-2525
EI 1097-4687
J9 J MORPHOL
JI J. Morphol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 274
IS 10
BP 1143
EP 1163
DI 10.1002/jmor.20168
PG 21
WC Anatomy & Morphology
SC Anatomy & Morphology
GA 213XW
UT WOS:000324094900005
PM 23801090
ER
PT J
AU Kock, KH
Groger, J
Jones, CD
AF Kock, Karl-Hermann
Groeger, Joachim
Jones, Christopher D.
TI Interannual variability in the feeding of ice fish (Notothenioidei,
Channichthyidae) in the southern Scotia Arc and the Antarctic Peninsula
region (CCAMLR Subareas 48.1 and 48.2)
SO POLAR BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Southern Ocean; Ice fish; Food intake; Daily food consumption
ID COD BOREOGADUS-SAIDA; SHETLAND ISLANDS; DAILY RATION; BUOYANCY;
EVACUATION; DIET; BIOLOGY; OCEAN; SEA
AB We have studied the annual variation in food intake of three sub-Antarctic ice fish species (Champsocephalus gunnari, Chaenocephalus aceratus, and Pseudochaenichthys georgianus) and three high-Antarctic ice fish species (Chionodraco rastrospinosus, Cryodraco antarcticus, and Chaenodraco wilsoni). Stomach content analyses were conducted during bottom trawl surveys around the South Shetland Islands in 1998, 2001, 2002, 2003, and 2007, the South Orkney Islands in 1999 and 2009, and off the north-western Antarctic Peninsula in 2002, 2006, and 2006/2007 in order to obtain further insight into the amount of food of Antarctic demersal fish consume during summer. Annual variation in food intake was comparatively low within an area in the krill-feeding species C. gunnari and C. wilsoni. Food intake was much more variable, by a factor of 2 or 3 among years and areas, in larger C. aceratus and C. antarcticus, which rely heavily on fish as their dietary source. Food consumption was intermediate in the two species P. georgianus and C. rastrospinosus, which rely on both krill and fish.
C1 [Kock, Karl-Hermann; Groeger, Joachim] Johann Heinrich von Thunen Inst Landliche Raume W, Inst Seefischerei, D-22767 Hamburg, Germany.
[Groeger, Joachim] Univ Rostock, Inst Biowissensch, Rostock, Germany.
[Jones, Christopher D.] NOAA Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Antarctic Ecosyst Res Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Kock, KH (reprint author), Johann Heinrich von Thunen Inst Landliche Raume W, Inst Seefischerei, Palmaille 9, D-22767 Hamburg, Germany.
EM karl-hermann.kock@ti.bund.de
NR 52
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0722-4060
J9 POLAR BIOL
JI Polar Biol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 36
IS 10
BP 1451
EP 1462
DI 10.1007/s00300-013-1363-z
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 214OG
UT WOS:000324142700006
ER
PT J
AU Foote, AD
Morin, PA
Pitman, RL
Avila-Arcos, MC
Durban, JW
van Helden, A
Sinding, MHS
Gilbert, MTP
AF Foote, Andrew D.
Morin, Phillip A.
Pitman, Robert L.
Avila-Arcos, Maria C.
Durban, John W.
van Helden, Anton
Sinding, Mikkel-Holger S.
Gilbert, M. Thomas P.
TI Mitogenomic insights into a recently described and rarely observed
killer whale morphotype
SO POLAR BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Mitogenome; Target enrichment capture; Ancient DNA; Killer whale
ID ORCINUS-ORCA
AB Identifying evolutionary divergent taxonomic units, e.g. species and subspecies, is important for conservation and evolutionary biology. The 'type D' killer whale, Orcinus orca, is a rarely observed morphotype with a pelagic, circumpolar subantarctic distribution, making dedicated research and therefore taxonomic study extremely difficult to date. In this study, we used DNA target enrichment hybridisation capture coupled to high throughput sequencing, to obtain the first DNA sequence from the only known museum specimen of this recently described morphotype. The high coverage, complete mitogenome sequence was compared to a previously published global dataset of 139 individuals, indicating that this type is highly divergent to all previously genetically sequenced killer whale forms. The estimated divergence time (390,000 years ago) from its most recent common ancestor with other extant killer whale lineages was the second oldest split within the killer whale phylogeny. This study provides the first genetic support of type D potentially being a distinct subspecies or species of killer whale, although further samples are needed to identify whether there is monophyly of mitogenome sequences and whether nuclear DNA also indicates reproductive isolation. These findings also highlight the value of natural history museum collections and new technologies to investigate the taxonomy of rare, cryptic or difficult to access species.
C1 [Foote, Andrew D.; Avila-Arcos, Maria C.; Sinding, Mikkel-Holger S.; Gilbert, M. Thomas P.] Univ Copenhagen, Ctr GeoGenet, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark.
[Morin, Phillip A.; Pitman, Robert L.; Durban, John W.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[van Helden, Anton] Museum New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, Wellington 6011, New Zealand.
[Gilbert, M. Thomas P.] Murdoch Univ, Sch Biol Sci & Biotechnol, Ancient DNA Lab, Perth, WA 6150, Australia.
RP Foote, AD (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Ctr GeoGenet, Oster Voldgade 5-7, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark.
EM footead@gmail.com
RI Gilbert, Marcus/A-8936-2013; Strander Sinding, Mikkel-Holger/B-9450-2015
OI Gilbert, Marcus/0000-0002-5805-7195; Strander Sinding,
Mikkel-Holger/0000-0003-1371-219X
FU Marie Curie Actions ITN Fellowship [KWAF10]; Danish Basic Research
Foundation 'Geogenetics' grant
FX Uko Gorter provided the illustrations. This work was funded by a Marie
Curie Actions ITN Fellowship 'KWAF10' grant awarded to ADF and the
Danish Basic Research Foundation 'Geogenetics' grant. We thank Jamie
Watts and Jean-Pierre Sylvestre for sighting reports and photographs. We
also thank the editor and two anonymous reviewers for providing
constructive feedback and useful comments.
NR 23
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 82
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0722-4060
J9 POLAR BIOL
JI Polar Biol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 36
IS 10
BP 1519
EP 1523
DI 10.1007/s00300-013-1354-0
PG 5
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 214OG
UT WOS:000324142700012
ER
PT J
AU Hirpa, FA
Hopson, TM
De Groeve, T
Brakenridge, GR
Gebremichael, M
Restrepo, PJ
AF Hirpa, Feyera A.
Hopson, Thomas M.
De Groeve, Tom
Brakenridge, G. Robert
Gebremichael, Mekonnen
Restrepo, Pedro J.
TI Upstream satellite remote sensing for river discharge forecasting:
Application to major rivers in South Asia (vol 131, pg 140, 2013)
SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Hirpa, Feyera A.; Gebremichael, Mekonnen] Univ Connecticut, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
[Hopson, Thomas M.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Res Applicat Lab, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[De Groeve, Tom] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, I-21020 Ispra, Italy.
[Brakenridge, G. Robert] Univ Colorado, CSDMS, INSTAAR, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Brakenridge, G. Robert] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Geog, Dartmouth Flood Observ, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
[Restrepo, Pedro J.] NOAA, North Cent River Forecast Ctr, Chanhassen, MN 55317 USA.
RP Hopson, TM (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Res Applicat Lab, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
EM fah07002@engr.uconn.edu; hopson@ucar.edu;
tom.de-groeve@jrc.ec.europa.eu; robert.brakenridge@colorado.edu;
mekonnen@engr.uconn.edu; Pedro.Restrepo@noaa.gov
RI Hirpa, Feyera/I-8404-2016
OI Hirpa, Feyera/0000-0002-4919-4753
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 22
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0034-4257
J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON
JI Remote Sens. Environ.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 137
BP 333
EP 333
DI 10.1016/j.rse.2013.02.014
PG 1
WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA 214SR
UT WOS:000324156600029
ER
PT J
AU Reich, Y
Subrahmanian, E
AF Reich, Yoram
Subrahmanian, Eswaran
TI Philosophy of design, science of design, engineering (of) design: what
is your choice?
SO RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING DESIGN
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Reich, Yoram] Tel Aviv Univ, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel.
[Subrahmanian, Eswaran] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Subrahmanian, Eswaran] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Reich, Y (reprint author), Tel Aviv Univ, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel.
EM yoram@eng.tau.ac.il; sub@cmu.edu
OI Reich, Yoram/0000-0002-0922-8381
NR 13
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 12
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 0934-9839
J9 RES ENG DES
JI Res. Eng. Design
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 24
IS 4
BP 321
EP 323
DI 10.1007/s00163-013-0163-3
PG 3
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Industrial; Engineering,
Manufacturing
SC Engineering
GA 220ME
UT WOS:000324587500001
ER
PT J
AU Holbrook, RD
Motabar, D
Quifiones, O
Stanford, B
Vanderford, B
Moss, D
AF Holbrook, R. David
Motabar, Donna
Quifiones, Oscar
Stanford, Benjamin
Vanderford, Brett
Moss, Donna
TI Titanium distribution in swimming pool water is dominated by dissolved
species
SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Dissolved; ICP-MS; Size fraction; Swimming pool; Titanium
ID TRACE-ELEMENTS; CORROSION-RESISTANCE; ORGANIC-MATTER; IRON COLLOIDS;
PURE TITANIUM; BOREAL LAKE; RELEASE; TIO2; FRACTIONATION; PARTICLES
AB The increased use of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nano-TiO2) in consumer products such as sunscreen has raised concerns about their possible risk to human and environmental health. In this work, we report the occurrence, size fractionation and behavior of titanium (Ti) in a children's swimming pool. Size-fractionated samples were analyzed for Ti using ICP-MS. Total titanium concentrations ([Ti]) in the pool water ranged between 21 mu g/L and 60 mu g/L and increased throughout the 101-day sampling period while [Ti] in tap water remained relatively constant. The majority of [Ti] was found in the dissolved phase (<1 kDa), with only a minor fraction of total [Ti] being considered either particulate or microparticulate. Simple models suggest that evaporation may account for the observed variation in [Ti], while sunscreen may be a relevant source of particulate and microparticule Ti. Compared to diet, incidental ingestion of nano-Ti from swimming pool water is minimal. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Holbrook, R. David; Motabar, Donna] NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Quifiones, Oscar; Stanford, Benjamin; Vanderford, Brett] Southern Nevada Water Author, Henderson, NV USA.
[Stanford, Benjamin] Hazen & Sawyer PC, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA.
RP Holbrook, RD (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, 100 Bur Dr,Mail Stop 6371, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM dave.holbrook@nist.gov
NR 42
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 2
U2 45
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0269-7491
J9 ENVIRON POLLUT
JI Environ. Pollut.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 181
BP 68
EP 74
DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.05.044
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 210CW
UT WOS:000323807900010
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, LW
Petersen, EJ
Habteselassie, MY
Mao, L
Huang, QG
AF Zhang, Liwen
Petersen, Elijah J.
Habteselassie, Mussie Y.
Mao, Liang
Huang, Qingguo
TI Degradation of multiwall carbon nanotubes by bacteria
SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Carbon nanotubes; Nanotoxicology; Microbial degradation; Aerobic
biotransformation
ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; ECOLOGICAL UPTAKE; BIODEGRADATION;
BIOTRANSFORMATION; MINERALIZATION; ENVIRONMENT; CHEMISTRY; CULTURE
AB Understanding the environmental transformation of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) is important to their life cycle assessment and potential environmental impacts. We report that a bacterial community is capable of degrading C-14-labeled MWCNTs into (CO2)-C-14 in the presence of an external carbon source via co-metabolism. Multiple intermediate products were detected, and genotypic characterization revealed three possible microbial degraders: Burkholderia kururiensis, Delftia acidovorans, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. This result suggests that microbe/MWCNTs interaction may impact the long-term fate of MWCNTs. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zhang, Liwen; Habteselassie, Mussie Y.; Huang, Qingguo] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Griffin, GA 30223 USA.
[Petersen, Elijah J.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Mao, Liang] Nanjing Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Lab Pollut Control & Resource Reuse, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
RP Huang, QG (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, 1109 Expt St, Griffin, GA 30223 USA.
EM qhuang@uga.edu
RI Petersen, Elijah/E-3034-2013; Geracitano, Laura/E-6926-2013
FU United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) STAR Grant
[R834094]; Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province [BK2011576]
FX This study was supported by the United States Environmental Protection
Agency (USEPA) STAR Grant R834094. L. Mao acknowledges the support from
Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK2011576). We thank Dr.
Z. Pan and Mr. Y. Chuang for their assistance with SEM analysis, Dr. J.
Fan for TEM analysis, Dr. D. Phillips for GC-MS measurements. Certain
commercial equipment, instruments and materials are identified in order
to specify experimental procedures as completely as possible. In no case
does such identification imply a recommendation or endorsement by the
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) nor does it imply
that any of the materials, instruments or equipment identified are
necessarily the best available for the purpose.
NR 33
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 6
U2 98
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0269-7491
EI 1873-6424
J9 ENVIRON POLLUT
JI Environ. Pollut.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 181
BP 335
EP 339
DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.05.058
PG 5
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 210CW
UT WOS:000323807900043
PM 23859846
ER
PT J
AU Seung, CK
Waters, EC
AF Seung, Chang K.
Waters, Edward C.
TI Calculating impacts of exogenous output changes: application of a social
accounting matrix (SAM) model to Alaska fisheries
SO ANNALS OF REGIONAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID DRIVEN; AGRICULTURE; BASE
AB Some previous studies calculated backward linkage and forward linkage effects of exogenous change in output capacity using mixed endogenous-exogenous models within an input-output (IO) or social accounting matrix (SAM) framework. For calculating forward linkage effects, these studies used the supply-drive(Ghosh in Economica 25(1):58-64, 1958) approach. However, the Ghosh approach has been criticized based on its problematic theoretical interpretation. This study uses an Alaska SAM model to estimate the regional economic impacts of restricting catch of Pacific cod and Atka mackerel in the Aleutian Islands in order to protect Steller sea lions. This study overcomes the problem of calculating forward linkage effects in the previous studies by running the SAM model with (1) changes in output converted to final demand shocks and (2) regional purchase coefficients for all the directly impacted industries (fish harvesting and processing industries) set equal to zero. The impacts of the shift in harvest opportunities in response to the Steller sea lion protection measures are displayed in terms of changes in output, employment, value added, household income, and state and local government revenue.
C1 [Seung, Chang K.] NOAA, Resource Ecol & Fisheries Management Div, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Seung, CK (reprint author), NOAA, Resource Ecol & Fisheries Management Div, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, F AKC2,7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM Chang.Seung@noaa.gov; edwaters@hotmail.com
NR 27
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 19
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0570-1864
J9 ANN REGIONAL SCI
JI Ann. Reg. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 51
IS 2
BP 553
EP 573
DI 10.1007/s00168-012-0546-9
PG 21
WC Economics; Environmental Studies; Geography
SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography
GA 203IH
UT WOS:000323285000012
ER
PT J
AU Galimany, E
Alix, JH
Dixon, MS
Wikfors, GH
AF Galimany, Eve
Alix, Jennifer H.
Dixon, Mark S.
Wikfors, Gary H.
TI Short communication: adaptability of the feeding behavior of intertidal
ribbed mussels (Geukensia demissa) to constant submersion
SO AQUACULTURE INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Bioextraction; Clearance rate; Feeding behavior; Geukensia; Tide
ID OYSTER CRASSOSTREA-VIRGINICA; SALT-MARSH; MYTILUS-EDULIS; TIDAL RHYTHM;
PARTICLE RETENTION; METAZOAN TISSUE; FILTRATION-RATE; CARDIUM-EDULE;
DIGESTION; BIVALVES
AB The ribbed mussel (Geukensia demissa, Dillwyn 1817) is a dominant benthic filter-feeder in salt marshes along the North American Atlantic Coast. It has been proposed that the cultivation and harvest of ribbed mussels could be used to bioremediate the eutrophication of coastal waters. To accomplish this, mussels would be grown in suspension culture underwater, which is different than this species' natural, intertidal habitat in which they are exposed to a tidal regime of submersion and emersion. To assess possible effects of constant submersion upon the feeding behavior of G. demissa, we quantified filter-feeding activities of ribbed mussels collected from either an intertidal location or a permanently submerged (2 months) population in the same embayment. Filtration measurements to determine clearance rates were conducted in aquaria containing ultra-filtered seawater with cultured phytoplankton. Results show that mussels taken from the intertidal population had significantly higher filtration than the submerged population initially, but after 3 days of submersion in the aquaria, this difference disappeared. Moreover, all experimental G. demissa had higher clearance rates during natural low tide than during natural high tide. These results indicate a potential for ribbed mussels to be grown in suspension culture for nutrient bioextraction purposes.
C1 [Galimany, Eve; Alix, Jennifer H.; Dixon, Mark S.; Wikfors, Gary H.] NOAA, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Milford, CT 06460 USA.
RP Wikfors, GH (reprint author), NOAA, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 212 Rogers Ave, Milford, CT 06460 USA.
EM gary.wikfors@noaa.gov
FU National Research Council
FX This work was partially supported by a Research Associateship to the
first author from the National Research Council. We would like to thank
Barry Smith for his help with the experimental setup.
NR 36
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 4
U2 30
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0967-6120
J9 AQUACULT INT
JI Aquac. Int.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 21
IS 5
BP 1009
EP 1015
DI 10.1007/s10499-012-9608-3
PG 7
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 208CN
UT WOS:000323653900003
ER
PT J
AU Mills, KE
Pershing, AJ
Sheehan, TF
Mountain, D
AF Mills, Katherine E.
Pershing, Andrew J.
Sheehan, Timothy F.
Mountain, David
TI Climate and ecosystem linkages explain widespread declines in North
American Atlantic salmon populations
SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE capelin; chronological cluster analysis; climate change; dynamic factor
analysis; Northwest Atlantic; phytoplankton; regime shift; sea surface
temperature; zooplankton
ID CAPELIN MALLOTUS-VILLOSUS; CONTINUOUS PLANKTON RECORDER; SALAR L.;
SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; MARINE ECOSYSTEMS; WEST GREENLAND; PACIFIC-SALMON;
ZOOPLANKTON; HISTORY; TRENDS
AB North American Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) populations experienced substantial declines in the early 1990s, and many populations have persisted at low abundances in recent years. Abundance and productivity declined in a coherent manner across major regions of North America, and this coherence points toward a potential shift in marine survivorship, rather than local, river-specific factors. The major declines in Atlantic salmon populations occurred against a backdrop of physical and biological shifts in Northwest Atlantic ecosystems. Analyses of changes in climate, physical, and lower trophic level biological factors provide substantial evidence that climate conditions directly and indirectly influence the abundance and productivity of North American Atlantic salmon populations. A major decline in salmon abundance after 1990 was preceded by a series of changes across multiple levels of the ecosystem, and a subsequent population change in 1997, primarily related to salmon productivity, followed an unusually low NAO event. Pairwise correlations further demonstrate that climate and physical conditions are associated with changes in plankton communities and prey availability, which are ultimately linked to Atlantic salmon populations. Results suggest that poor trophic conditions, likely due to climate-driven environmental factors, and warmer ocean temperatures throughout their marine habitat area are constraining the productivity and recovery of North American Atlantic salmon populations.
C1 [Mills, Katherine E.; Pershing, Andrew J.] Univ Maine, Sch Marine Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Mills, Katherine E.; Pershing, Andrew J.] Gulf Maine Res Inst, Portland, ME 04101 USA.
[Sheehan, Timothy F.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Mountain, David] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85712 USA.
RP Mills, KE (reprint author), Univ Maine, Sch Marine Sci, Aubert Hall, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
EM kmills@gmri.org
FU NOAA CINAR [NA09-OAR-4320129]
FX This study was made possible by NOAA CINAR grant NA09-OAR-4320129. The
salmon abundance and productivity data were outputs from the stock
assessment model developed by the ICES Working Group on North Atlantic
Salmon and were provided by Gerald Chaput (DFO). Brian Nakashima and
Fran Mowbray (DFO) provided capelin data; Charlie Fitzpatrick (DFO)
provided salinity data; plankton data were from David Johns (SAHFOS) and
Chris Melrose (NMFS). We acknowledge these scientists and programs for
maintaining invaluable databases to support large-scale, multilevel
ecosystem analyses. John Kocik, Carrie Byron, and Sigrid Lehuta provided
conceptual and analytical feedback.
NR 85
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U1 6
U2 121
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1354-1013
EI 1365-2486
J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL
JI Glob. Change Biol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 19
IS 10
BP 3046
EP 3061
DI 10.1111/gcb.12298
PG 16
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 210OS
UT WOS:000323844200012
PM 23780876
ER
PT J
AU Obrzut, J
AF Obrzut, Jan
TI General analysis of microwave network scattering parameters for
characterization of thin film materials
SO MEASUREMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Scattering parameters; Microwave networks; Network model; Coplanar
waveguides; Microwave conductivity; Thin films
ID TRANSMISSION; IMPEDANCE
AB A general solution of the linear passive microwave network is presented for the characterization of thin film materials at high microwave frequencies. The mathematical formulas that correlate scattering parameters S-11 and S-21 with the distributed circuit parameters of the Z(0);Z(s);Z(0) network are given in closed form. The applicability of the general network model to the characterization of thin film materials is illustrated experimentally for one-port reflectometry in the coaxial configuration and for the two-port transmission reflection method in a coplanar waveguide configuration. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Obrzut, J (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jan.obrzut@nist.gov
OI Obrzut, Jan/0000-0001-6667-9712
NR 28
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 17
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0263-2241
J9 MEASUREMENT
JI Measurement
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 46
IS 8
BP 2963
EP 2970
DI 10.1016/j.measurement.2013.04.049
PG 8
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 205UC
UT WOS:000323469300075
ER
PT J
AU Tolman, HL
Banner, ML
Kaihatu, JM
AF Tolman, Hendrik L.
Banner, Michael L.
Kaihatu, James M.
TI The NOPP operational wave model improvement project
SO OCEAN MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE Wind waves; Numerical modeling; National Oceanographic Partnership;
Program (NOPP)
ID FOLLOWER FIELD-MEASUREMENTS; NONLINEAR ENERGY TRANSFERS; INPUT
SPECTRAL-FUNCTION; SURFACE GRAVITY-WAVES; WIND-DRIVEN SEAS; EFFICIENT
REPRESENTATION; 2-SCALE APPROXIMATION; BREAKING PROBABILITY; BOTTOM
FRICTION; COASTAL REGIONS
AB The National Oceanographic Partnership Program (NOPP) has recently initiated a five-year project entitled "Improving Wind Wave Predictions: Global to Regional Scales". This project focuses on improving operational wind wave modeling, by transitioning new science into such models, and by developing new physics parameterizations for such models. The paper describes the general goals of the project, and the science and operations gaps it attempts to bridge. Further attention is given to data sets and validation techniques for operational models. Finally, an outlook with desired and already achieved outcomes of this project is presented. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Tolman, Hendrik L.] NOAA, NCEP, EMC, Marine Modeling & Anal Branch, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Banner, Michael L.] Univ New S Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
[Kaihatu, James M.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
RP Tolman, HL (reprint author), NOAA, NCEP, EMC, Marine Modeling & Anal Branch, 5830 Univ Res Court, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM Hendrik.Tolman@NOAA.gov
RI Kaihatu, James/H-7561-2016;
OI Kaihatu, James/0000-0002-9277-6409; Banner, Michael/0000-0002-0799-5341
FU Office of Naval Research (ONR); US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE);
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); Bureau of Ocean
Energy Management (BOEM)
FX Within NOPP this project is sponsored by the Office of Naval Research
(ONR), the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and Bureau of Ocean Energy Management
(BOEM, formally MMS), with either direct funding or in-kind
contributions. The authors particularly want to acknowledge the vision
of Linwood Vincent and Don Resio, for making this NOPP project a
reality. Numerous collaborators in the NOPP project have contributed to
the manuscript.
NR 119
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U1 2
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1463-5003
EI 1463-5011
J9 OCEAN MODEL
JI Ocean Model.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 70
BP 2
EP 10
DI 10.1016/j.ocemod.2012.11.011
PG 9
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
GA 209RF
UT WOS:000323776800002
ER
PT J
AU Tolman, HL
AF Tolman, Hendrik L.
TI A Generalized Multiple Discrete Interaction Approximation for resonant
four-wave interactions in wind wave models
SO OCEAN MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE Wind waves; Resonant nonlinear interactions; Quadruplets; Discrete
interaction approximation; Numerical modeling
ID LINEAR ENERGY-TRANSFER; NONLINEAR-INTERACTIONS; SPECTRUM;
PARAMETERIZATIONS; COMPUTATIONS; PREDICTION; EVOLUTION; WAM
AB For several decades, the Discrete Interaction Approximation (DIA) for nonlinear resonant four-wave interactions has been the engine of third-generation wind-wave models. The present study presents a Generalized Multiple DIA (GMD) which expands upon the DIA by (i) expanding the definition of the representative quadruplet, (ii) formulating the DIA for arbitrary water depths, (iii) providing complimentary deep and shallow water scaling terms and (iv) allowing for multiple representative quadruplets. The GMD is rigorously derived to be an extension of the DIA, and is backward compatible with it. The free parameters of the GMD are optimized holistically, by optimizing full model behavior in the WAVEWATCH III (R) wave model as reported in a companion paper. Here, a cascade of GMD configurations with increasing complexity, accuracy and cost is presented. First, the performance of these configurations is discussed using idealized test cases used to optimize the GMD. It is shown that in deep water, GMD configurations can be found which remove most of the errors of the DIA. The GMD is also capable of representing four-wave interactions in extremely shallow water, although some remaining spurious behavior makes applications of this part of the GMD less suitable for operational wave models. Finally, several GMD configurations are applied to an idealized hurricane case, showing that results from idealized test cases indeed are representative for real-world applications, and confirming that such GMD configurations are economically feasible in operational wind wave models. Finally, the DIA results in surprisingly large model errors in hurricane conditions. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 NOAA, NCEP, EMC, Marine Modeling & Anal Branch, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Tolman, HL (reprint author), NOAA, NCEP, EMC, Marine Modeling & Anal Branch, 5830 Univ Res Court, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM Hendrik.Tolman@NOAA.gov
FU NOAA; Office of Naval Research (ONR)
FX The author thanks D. B. Rao and Stephen Lord for their long-term support
for this study at NCEP, and Gerbrant van Vledder for decades of
discussions and collaboration on this topic. The author thanks Arun
Chawla, Andre van der Westhuysen, and the anonymous reviewers for their
constructive comments on early drafts of this manuscript. The present
study was made possible by various funding sources from NOAA and from
the Office of Naval Research (ONR).
NR 57
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U1 0
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1463-5003
J9 OCEAN MODEL
JI Ocean Model.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 70
BP 11
EP 24
DI 10.1016/j.ocemod.2013.02.005
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
GA 209RF
UT WOS:000323776800003
ER
PT J
AU Tolman, HL
Grumbine, RW
AF Tolman, Hendrik L.
Grumbine, Robert W.
TI Holistic genetic optimization of a Generalized Multiple Discrete
Interaction Approximation for wind waves
SO OCEAN MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE Wind waves; Resonant nonlinear interactions; Discrete interaction
approximation; Genetic optimization
ID MODELS; SPECTRUM
AB A key element of wind wave models is the parameterization of the resonant nonlinear interactions between spectral wave components. In a companion paper a new Generalized Multiple Discrete Interaction Approximation (GMD) has been developed. The present paper addresses the optimization of the free parameters of the GMD. A holistic optimization approach is used where full model integration results are optimized. Fifteen objective metrics are used, defined to measure the accuracy of a model using the GMD relative to a model using the full (exact) interactions. Due to the large number of free parameters to be optimized, and due to the existence of many local error minima in parameter space, traditional error mapping or steepest descent search algorithms are not suitable to optimize the GMD. The focus of the present study is on establishing genetic optimization techniques as a feasible and economical way to optimize the free parameters in the GMD. The behavior of the GMD with optimized parameters is outside the scope of this study, and is discussed in detail in the companion paper. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Tolman, Hendrik L.; Grumbine, Robert W.] NOAA, NCEP, EMC, Marine Modeling & Anal Branch, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Tolman, HL (reprint author), NOAA, NCEP, EMC, Marine Modeling & Anal Branch, 5830 Univ Res Court, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM Hendrik.Tolman@NOAA.gov
FU NOAA; Office of Naval Research (ONR)
FX The authors thank D. B. Rao and Stephen Lord for their long term support
for the presented research at NCEP. The author thanks Vladimir
Krasnopolsky, Henrique Alves, Will Perrie, and the anonymous reviewers
for their input in early drafts of this manuscript. The present study
was made possible by various funding sources from NOAA and from the
Office of Naval Research (ONR).
NR 25
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1463-5003
J9 OCEAN MODEL
JI Ocean Model.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 70
BP 25
EP 37
DI 10.1016/j.ocemod.2012.12.008
PG 13
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
GA 209RF
UT WOS:000323776800004
ER
PT J
AU Chawla, A
Spindler, DM
Tolman, HL
AF Chawla, Arun
Spindler, Deanna M.
Tolman, Hendrik L.
TI Validation of a thirty year wave hindcast using the Climate Forecast
System Reanalysis winds
SO OCEAN MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE Waves; Hindcasts; Reanalysis; WAVEWATCH III; Wind wave models;
Validation
ID ERA-40 REANALYSIS; MODELS; NCEP; PERFORMANCE
AB A thirty one year wave hindcast (1979-2009) using NCEP's latest high resolution Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) wind and ice database has been developed and is presented here. The hindcast has been generated using the third generation wind wave model WAVEWATCH III (R) with a mosaic of 16 two-way nested grids. The resolution of the grids ranged from 1/2 degrees to 1/15 degrees. Validation results for bulk significant wave height H-s and 10 m (above Mean Sea Level) wind speeds U-10 have been presented using both altimeter records and NDBC buoys. In general the database does a good job of representing the wave climate. At most buoys there is excellent agreement between model and data out to the 99.9th percentile. The agreement at coastal buoys is not as good as the offshore buoys due to unresolved coastal features (topographic/bathymetric) as well as issues related to interpolating wind fields at the land-sea margins. There are some concerns about the wave climate in the Southern Hemisphere due to the over prediction of winds (early part of the database) as well as the lack of wave blocking due to icebergs (in the model). Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Chawla, Arun; Tolman, Hendrik L.] NOAA NCEP, Environm Modeling Ctr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Spindler, Deanna M.] NOAA NCEP, IMSG, Environm Modeling Ctr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Chawla, A (reprint author), NOAA NCEP, Environm Modeling Ctr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM arun.chawla@noaa.gov
NR 46
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U1 1
U2 18
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1463-5003
J9 OCEAN MODEL
JI Ocean Model.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 70
BP 189
EP 206
DI 10.1016/j.ocemod.2012.07.005
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
GA 209RF
UT WOS:000323776800017
ER
PT J
AU Stopa, JE
Cheung, KF
Tolman, HL
Chawla, A
AF Stopa, Justin E.
Cheung, Kwok Fai
Tolman, Hendrik L.
Chawla, Arun
TI Patterns and cycles in the Climate Forecast System Reanalysis wind and
wave data
SO OCEAN MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE Climate Forecast System Reanalysis; Wave modeling; Climate cycles; Wave
hindcasting; WAVEWATCH III
ID NORTH-ATLANTIC; GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT; OCEAN; VARIABILITY; HEMISPHERE;
PACIFIC; WINTER; SWELL; MODEL; NCEP
AB The Climate Forecast System Reanalysis and the corresponding WAVEWATCH III hindcast datasets allow climatic interpretation of winds as well as their impacts on waves. In this paper, we analyze the continuous 31 years of global wind and wave data in terms of climate patterns and cycles. Quarterly averages and percentile plots of the wind speed and wave height illustrate the seasonal pattern and distributions of extreme events, while the annual and inter-annual variability demonstrates the wind and wave climate. The data is correlated with published indices of known atmospheric cycles. The datasets show good correspondence with the Arctic Oscillation, Antarctic Oscillation, El Nino Southern Oscillation, and the Madden-Julian Oscillation in both the wind and wave fields. The results compare well with published climate studies on regional scales and provide important linkage to the global wave climate characteristics. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Stopa, Justin E.; Cheung, Kwok Fai] Univ Hawaii Manoa ORE UHM, Dept Ocean & Resources Engn, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Tolman, Hendrik L.; Chawla, Arun] NOAA NCEP EMC, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Cheung, KF (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa ORE UHM, Dept Ocean & Resources Engn, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
EM stopa@hawaii.edu; cheung@hawaii.edu; hendrik.tolman@noaa.gov;
arun.chawla@noaa.gov
FU Department of Energy via the National Marine Renewable Energy Center
[DE-FG36-08G018180]
FX The Department of Energy supported this study through Grant No.
DE-FG36-08G018180 via the National Marine Renewable Energy Center. We
would like to thank the guest editor Dr. Mark Hemer, Dr. Fernando
Mendez, and two anonymous reviewers for the comments and suggestions
that have improved this paper. SOEST Contribution Number 8699.
NR 50
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U1 2
U2 22
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1463-5003
EI 1463-5011
J9 OCEAN MODEL
JI Ocean Model.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 70
BP 207
EP 220
DI 10.1016/j.ocemod.2012.10.005
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
GA 209RF
UT WOS:000323776800018
ER
PT J
AU Sowards, JW
Weeks, TS
McColskey, JD
AF Sowards, J. W.
Weeks, T. S.
McColskey, J. D.
TI The influence of simulated fuel-grade ethanol on fatigue crack
propagation in pipeline and storage-tank steels
SO CORROSION SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Corrosion fatigue; Modelling studies; SEM; Steel; Stress corrosion
ID STRESS-CORROSION CRACKING; CARBON-STEEL; ASSISTED CRACKING; GROWTH;
MECHANISM; BEHAVIOR; ALCOHOLS
AB This study presents an evaluation of fatigue crack propagation in three steels (A36, X52, and X70) in a simulated fuel-grade ethanol environment. A fracture mechanics testing approach was used to determine crack propagation rates as a function of the stress-intensity-factor amplitude (AK). Results of this testing and the fracture analysis indicate that all three materials are susceptible to enhanced fatigue damage in fuel-grade ethanol environments. We show that the damage mechanism is attributed to susceptibility of each material to ethanol stress-corrosion cracking under fatigue loading conditions and propose a model for determining crack growth rates in ethanol fuel. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Sowards, J. W.; Weeks, T. S.; McColskey, J. D.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Sowards, JW (reprint author), 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM jeffrey.sowards@nist.gov
RI Sowards, Jeffrey/D-3521-2012
OI Sowards, Jeffrey/0000-0003-0629-4938
FU US Department of Transportation Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety
Administration (PHMSA) through the office of Jim Merritt; US Department
of Transportation Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration
(PHMSA) through the office of Robert Smith
FX The authors acknowledge Dr. R.L. Amaro and Dr. E. Lucon for their
critical reviews of this manuscript and the support of Dr. Mark
Richards, Mr. Marc Dvorak, Mr. Ross Rentz, and Mr. Ken Talley during
experimentation. Financial support was provided in part by the US
Department of Transportation Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety
Administration (PHMSA) through the offices of Jim Merritt and Robert
Smith.
NR 33
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U1 0
U2 17
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0010-938X
J9 CORROS SCI
JI Corrosion Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 75
BP 415
EP 425
DI 10.1016/j.corsci.2013.06.026
PG 11
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 205UH
UT WOS:000323469800045
ER
PT J
AU Hunt, PR
Marquis, BJ
Tyner, KM
Conklin, S
Olejnik, N
Nelson, BC
Sprando, RL
AF Hunt, Piper Reid
Marquis, Bryce J.
Tyner, Katherine M.
Conklin, Sean
Olejnik, Nicholas
Nelson, Bryant C.
Sprando, Robert L.
TI Nanosilver suppresses growth and induces oxidative damage to DNA in
Caenorhabditis elegans
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE nanosilver; silver ions; growth suppression; DNA damage; endotoxin;
toxicity screen
ID CHROMATOGRAPHY MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; ANTIBACTERIAL
ACTIVITY; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; NANO-SILVER; BASE DAMAGE; TOXICITY; CELLS;
GENOTOXICITY; MECHANISMS
AB Studies on the effects of nanomaterial exposure in mammals are limited, and new methods for rapid risk assessment of nanomaterials are urgently required. The utility of Caenorhabditis elegans cultured in axenic liquid media was evaluated as an alternative in vivo model for the purpose of screening nanomaterials for toxic effects. Spherical silver nanoparticles of 10 nm diameter (10nmAg) were used as a test material, and ionic silver from silver acetate as a positive control. Silver uptake and localization, larval growth, morphology and DNA damage were utilized as endpoints for toxicity evaluation. Confocal reflection analysis indicated that 10nmAg localized to the lumen and tissues of the digestive tract of C. elegans. 10nmAg at 10 mu g ml(-1) reduced the growth of C. elegans larvae, and induced oxidative damage to DNA as measured by 8-OH guanine levels. Consistent with previously published studies using mammalian models, ionic silver suppressed growth in C. elegans larvae to a greater extent than 10nmAg. Our data suggest that medium-throughput growth screening and DNA damage analysis along with morphology assessments in C. elegans could together provide powerful tools for rapid toxicity screening of nanomaterials. Published 2013. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Hunt, Piper Reid; Olejnik, Nicholas; Sprando, Robert L.] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, Off Appl Res & Safety Assessment, Div Toxicol, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Marquis, Bryce J.; Nelson, Bryant C.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Tyner, Katherine M.] US FDA, Ctr Drug Evaluat & Res, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA.
[Conklin, Sean] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, Off Regulatory Sci, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Hunt, PR (reprint author), US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, Off Appl Res & Safety Assessment, Div Toxicol, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
EM Piper.Hunt@fda.hhs.gov
RI Hunt, Piper/G-1555-2012
OI Hunt, Piper/0000-0003-0538-7606
FU United States Food and Drug Administration/Center for Food Safety and
Applied Nutrition/Office of Applied Research and Safety
Assessment/Division of Toxicology; National Research Council
FX The authors would like to thank Li Ni Komatsu (L.N.K.) for beginning
this study, Dr Jeffrey Yourick for careful reading of this manuscript,
Dr Dave Sebba of NanoComposix, Inc. for technical assistance in handling
silver nanoparticles, and Thomas N. Black and Michael Scott for
assistance in preparing media. Author contributions: experimental
concept design, R. L. S.; nanoparticle characterization, K. T., B.J.M.;
COPAS analysis, P. R. H., NO; confocal reflection, L. N. K., P. R. H.;
morphology assessments, P. R. H, L. N. K.; DNA damage, B.J.M., B. C. N.;
ICP-MS, S. C., P. R. H.; manuscript preparation, P. R. H., R. L. S., K.
T., B.J.M., BCN. Funding Source: United States Food and Drug
Administration/Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition/Office of
Applied Research and Safety Assessment/Division of Toxicology. The
funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis,
decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The authors
declare there are no conflicts of interest. B.J.M. was supported by a
National Research Council associateship provided by the National Academy
of Sciences. The findings and conclusions in this article have not been
formally disseminated by the Food and Drug Administration and should not
be construed to represent any Agency determination or policy. The
mention of commercial products, their sources, or their use in
connection with material reported herein is not to be construed as
either an actual or implied endorsement of such products by the
Department of Health and Human Services. Certain commercial equipment,
instruments and materials are identified in this paper to specify an
experimental procedure as completely as possible. In no case does the
identification of particular equipment or materials imply a
recommendation or endorsement by the National Institute of Standards and
Technology nor does it imply that the materials, instruments, or
equipment are necessarily the best available for the purpose.
NR 75
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U1 0
U2 78
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0260-437X
J9 J APPL TOXICOL
JI J. Appl. Toxicol.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 33
IS 10
BP 1131
EP 1142
DI 10.1002/jat.2872
PG 12
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 190IF
UT WOS:000322331900011
PM 23636779
ER
PT J
AU Barzilai, S
Tavazza, F
Levine, LE
AF Barzilai, S.
Tavazza, F.
Levine, L. E.
TI Sensitivity of gold nano-conductors to common contaminations: ab initio
results
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATION; BAND-STRUCTURE; MOLECULES; CHAINS
AB Gold nanowire chains are considered a good candidate for nanoelectronic devices because they exhibit remarkable structural and electrical properties. A previous study shows that the beryllium-terminated BeO (0001) surface may be a useful platform for supporting nano gold conductors, since it preserves the nano-wire configuration, does not restrict its conductivity, and even enhances it. However, the influence of contamination on the conductivity of such conductors is unknown. Here, ab initio simulations were performed to determine the effect of commonly adsorbed contaminants (H2O and O-2) on the conductivity of gold nano-conductors. We found that the presence of adsorbed impurities does not alter the good conductive ability of the conductors under examination.
C1 [Barzilai, S.; Tavazza, F.; Levine, L. E.] NIST, MSED, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Barzilai, S (reprint author), NIST, MSED, Mat Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8553, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM barzilai.shmuel@gmail.com
NR 45
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U1 2
U2 14
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2461
J9 J MATER SCI
JI J. Mater. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 48
IS 19
BP 6619
EP 6624
DI 10.1007/s10853-013-7460-0
PG 6
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 184VH
UT WOS:000321921300015
ER
PT J
AU Hunten, KA
Feeney, AB
Srinivasan, V
AF Hunten, Keith A.
Feeney, Allison Barnard
Srinivasan, Vijay
TI Recent advances in sharing standardized STEP composite structure design
and manufacturing information
SO COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN
LA English
DT Article
DE Composite structures; Data exchange; ISO 10303; AP209; Long-term data
retention; STEP
ID CAD MODELS; EXCHANGE
AB Composite structures have been developed and used in the aerospace, automobile, sports, and marine industries since the early 1940s. Compared to conventional metallic structures, newer high-performance composite structures provide benefits such as decreased weight and reduced energy consumption. An international standards subcommittee on industrial automation systems and integration has developed and implemented a standard, ISO 10303-209, for sharing the manufacturing information for these complex composite structures. This standard, part of the family of standards commonly known as the Standard for Exchange of Product model data (STEP), is considered essential for improving the design, analysis, and manufacturing productivity of composite structures. The ISO 10303-209 standard also enables the long-term data retention necessary to support the composite structures throughout the lifetime of the products that use them. This paper describes recent advances that led to the development of ISO 10303-209 data models for composite structural shape and composition. The paper also reports the status of ongoing implementation and testing efforts. Varied usage scenarios have motivated several areas for future improvement, such as full three-dimensional representation and the efficient cost-effective visualization of composite structural parts. Issues and their proposed solutions, along with their anticipated impacts on the design, analysis, manufacturing, and long-term support of composite structures are also discussed. Published by Elsevier Ltd
C1 [Hunten, Keith A.] Lockheed Martin Aeronaut Co, Adv Dev Programs, Ft Worth, TX 76101 USA.
[Feeney, Allison Barnard; Srinivasan, Vijay] NIST, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Feeney, AB (reprint author), NIST, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM keith.a.hunten@lmco.com; abf@nist.gov; vijay.srinivasan@nist.gov
NR 26
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 27
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0010-4485
J9 COMPUT AIDED DESIGN
JI Comput.-Aided Des.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 45
IS 10
BP 1215
EP 1221
DI 10.1016/j.cad.2013.05.001
PG 7
WC Computer Science, Software Engineering
SC Computer Science
GA 180KN
UT WOS:000321594200006
ER
PT J
AU Singh, R
Madan, J
AF Singh, Ranjit
Madan, Jatinder
TI Systematic approach for automated determination of parting line for
die-cast parts
SO ROBOTICS AND COMPUTER-INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING
LA English
DT Article
DE Die-casting; Die design; Core; Cavity; Undercut; Parting line region;
Parting line
ID INJECTION-MOLDED PARTS; MOULDABILITY ANALYSIS; FEATURE RECOGNITION;
UNDERCUT FEATURES; DESIGN; DIRECTIONS; SURFACE; MANUFACTURABILITY;
GENERATION; POLYHEDRON
AB The parting line decision for die-cast parts is a non-trivial task, which depends upon a number of factors related to the part geometry and the die-casting process requirements. This is a crucial decision which not only affects the design and manufacturing of the die-casting die but the part manufacturing as well. Normally, a die-casting die-design expert invests a lot of time, effort and resources to take this decision, which affects the part manufacturing lead time and cost. A systematic approach for automated determination of the parting line for die-cast parts is presented in this paper. Unlike the previous systems, which consider part geometric factors only, the system proposed in this paper also considers the die-casting process requirements to determine the parting line in a systematic and automated manner. Here we discuss classification of the die-cast part surfaces, identification of undercuts and protrusions, identification of parting line regions, and determination of the parting line. The system generates a number of feasible parting lines in a given parting direction after applying the die-casting process requirements. Finally, the most suitable parting line is determined from the feasible parting lines considering the industry best practices. The results obtained from the system are similar to those of the industry. The proposed system would prove to be a major step towards automation of the die-casting die design, leading to design-manufacturing integration of the die-casting process. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Singh, Ranjit; Madan, Jatinder] St Longowal Inst Engn & Technol, Dept Mech Engn, Longowal, India.
RP Madan, J (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jatinder.madan@gmail.com
FU All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE)
[8023/BOR/RID/RPS-146/2008-09]; HGI Automotives Pvt. Ltd. Faridabad,
India; Rockman Industries Ltd., Ludhiana, India
FX This paper was part of the research project titled 'Automated Design of
Die from part Product Model'. Authors are thankful to All India Council
for Technical Education (AICTE) which has funded this project under
Research Proposal Scheme vide Grant no. 8023/BOR/RID/RPS-146/2008-09
dated March 12, 2009 to the Mechanical Engineering Department of SLIET,
Longowal, Punjab, India. Authors are also thankful to HGI Automotives
Pvt. Ltd. Faridabad, India and Rockman Industries Ltd., Ludhiana, India,
for their cooperation and support in the present research work.
NR 36
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 12
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0736-5845
J9 ROBOT CIM-INT MANUF
JI Robot. Comput.-Integr. Manuf.
PD OCT
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 5
BP 346
EP 366
DI 10.1016/j.rcim.2013.02.002
PG 21
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering,
Manufacturing; Robotics
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Robotics
GA 173LJ
UT WOS:000321080700007
ER
PT J
AU Gjerde, KM
Currie, D
Wowk, K
Sack, K
AF Gjerde, Kristina M.
Currie, Duncan
Wowk, Kateryna
Sack, Karen
TI Ocean in peril: Reforming the management of global ocean living
resources in areas beyond national jurisdiction
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE High seas; Governance; Regional fisheries management organizations;
Conservation; Compliance; Enforcement
ID FISHERIES; FUTURE; FISH
AB This article presents the outcome of research aimed at assisting governments in meeting their commitments and legal obligations for sustainable fisheries, based on increasing evidence that global fisheries are in crisis. The article assesses the effectiveness of the existing legal and institutional framework for high seas living resources. It focuses on: (1) the role of regional fisheries management organizations (RFMOs); (2) tools for compliance and enforcement to stem illegal fishing; and (3) mechanisms for habitat protection. The article further highlights a variety of options for addressing key weaknesses and gaps in current ocean governance, including United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) resolutions, reforms at the regional level, as well as a possible new legal instrument, with a view to informing international discussions on ways to ensure the sustainable use of high seas resources without compromising the health of the marine environment. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Gjerde, Kristina M.] IUCN Global Marine & Polar Program, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Currie, Duncan] Globelaw, Christchurch, New Zealand.
[Wowk, Kateryna] NOAA, Washington, DC 20230 USA.
RP Gjerde, KM (reprint author), IUCN Global Marine & Polar Program, 105 Irving St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM kgjerde@eip.com.pl; duncanc@globelaw.com; katya.wowk@gmail.com;
ksack@pewtrusts.org
FU Kaplan Foundation; Pew Charitable Trusts
FX The authors are grateful to Michael Lodge, Deputy to the
Secretary-General, International Seabed Authority, for constructive
suggestions and contributions to the preparation of this article. Any
remaining errors are the responsibility of the authors. We write in our
personal capacity, and any views expressed do not necessarily reflect
those of the International Union for Conservation of Nature, the Pew
Environment Group or the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration. This is a contribution arising out of two meetings
organised by the International Programme on the State of the Ocean
(IPSO) and held at Somerville College, University of Oxford. These were
the International Earth System Expert Workshop on Ocean Stresses and
Impacts held on the, 11-13th April, 2011 and the International Earth
System Expert Workshop on Integrated Solutions for Synergistic Ocean
Stresses and Impacts, 2nd4th April, 2012. These meetings were supported
by the Kaplan Foundation and the Pew Charitable Trusts.
NR 57
TC 23
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U1 1
U2 19
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PD SEP 30
PY 2013
VL 74
IS 2
BP 540
EP 551
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.07.037
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 257WK
UT WOS:000327418300006
PM 23968992
ER
PT J
AU Chung, KH
Chen, AK
Anderton, CR
Bhadriraju, K
Plant, AL
Bush, BG
Cook, RF
DelRio, FW
AF Chung, Koo-Hyun
Chen, Antony K.
Anderton, Christopher R.
Bhadriraju, Kiran
Plant, Anne L.
Bush, Brian G.
Cook, Robert F.
DelRio, Frank W.
TI Frictional properties of native and functionalized type I collagen thin
films
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; NANOMECHANICAL
PROPERTIES; FIBRONECTIN CONFORMATION; CELL ATTACHMENT; CALIBRATION;
BINDING; CONTACT; FIBRILS; SPECTROSCOPY
AB Frictional properties of native and fibronectin (FN)-functionalized type I collagen (COL) thin films were studied via atomic force microscopy. The COL lateral contact stiffness was dependent only on the hydration state, indicating that shear deformation was invariant with FN. In contrast, the COL coefficient of friction and shear strength varied with both functionalization and hydration state. The changes in shear strength were found to correlate well with changes in mean cell spread area on the same thin films, suggesting that shear strength is a better indicator of cell spreading than heretofore considerations of film, and thus extracellular matrix, stiffness alone. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Chung, Koo-Hyun] Univ Ulsan, Sch Mech Engn, Ulsan 680749, South Korea.
[Chen, Antony K.; Anderton, Christopher R.; Bhadriraju, Kiran; Plant, Anne L.; Bush, Brian G.; Cook, Robert F.; DelRio, Frank W.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Chen, Antony K.] Peking Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Coll Engn, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Anderton, Christopher R.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Environm Mol Sci Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA.
RP DelRio, FW (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM frank.delrio@nist.gov
RI CHEN, ANTONY/N-3460-2013; Chung, KooHyun/O-3042-2013
OI CHEN, ANTONY/0000-0002-4105-9741; Chung, KooHyun/0000-0002-9092-6784
FU National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Korean Government (MSIP)
[2011-0014367]
FX K.H.C. acknowledges financial support from the National Research
Foundation of Korea (NRF) Grant funded by the Korean Government (MSIP)
(No. 2011-0014367).
NR 39
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 17
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
EI 1077-3118
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD SEP 30
PY 2013
VL 103
IS 14
AR 143703
DI 10.1063/1.4824685
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 232IZ
UT WOS:000325488500128
ER
PT J
AU Hanson, D
Hoover, S
Crites, A
Ade, PAR
Aird, KA
Austermann, JE
Beall, JA
Bender, AN
Benson, BA
Bleem, LE
Bock, JJ
Carlstrom, JE
Chang, CL
Chiang, HC
Cho, HM
Conley, A
Crawford, TM
de Haan, T
Dobbs, MA
Everett, W
Gallicchio, J
Gao, J
George, EM
Halverson, NW
Harrington, N
Henning, JW
Hilton, GC
Holder, GP
Holzapfel, WL
Hrubes, JD
Huang, N
Hubmayr, J
Irwin, KD
Keisler, R
Knox, L
Lee, AT
Leitch, E
Li, D
Liang, C
Luong-Van, D
Marsden, G
McMahon, JJ
Mehl, J
Meyer, SS
Mocanu, L
Montroy, TE
Natoli, T
Nibarger, JP
Novosad, V
Padin, S
Pryke, C
Reichardt, CL
Ruhl, JE
Saliwanchik, BR
Sayre, JT
Schaffer, KK
Schulz, B
Smecher, G
Stark, AA
Story, KT
Tucker, C
Vanderlinde, K
Vieira, JD
Viero, MP
Wang, G
Yefremenko, V
Zahn, O
Zemcov, M
AF Hanson, D.
Hoover, S.
Crites, A.
Ade, P. A. R.
Aird, K. A.
Austermann, J. E.
Beall, J. A.
Bender, A. N.
Benson, B. A.
Bleem, L. E.
Bock, J. J.
Carlstrom, J. E.
Chang, C. L.
Chiang, H. C.
Cho, H-M.
Conley, A.
Crawford, T. M.
de Haan, T.
Dobbs, M. A.
Everett, W.
Gallicchio, J.
Gao, J.
George, E. M.
Halverson, N. W.
Harrington, N.
Henning, J. W.
Hilton, G. C.
Holder, G. P.
Holzapfel, W. L.
Hrubes, J. D.
Huang, N.
Hubmayr, J.
Irwin, K. D.
Keisler, R.
Knox, L.
Lee, A. T.
Leitch, E.
Li, D.
Liang, C.
Luong-Van, D.
Marsden, G.
McMahon, J. J.
Mehl, J.
Meyer, S. S.
Mocanu, L.
Montroy, T. E.
Natoli, T.
Nibarger, J. P.
Novosad, V.
Padin, S.
Pryke, C.
Reichardt, C. L.
Ruhl, J. E.
Saliwanchik, B. R.
Sayre, J. T.
Schaffer, K. K.
Schulz, B.
Smecher, G.
Stark, A. A.
Story, K. T.
Tucker, C.
Vanderlinde, K.
Vieira, J. D.
Viero, M. P.
Wang, G.
Yefremenko, V.
Zahn, O.
Zemcov, M.
CA SPTpol Collaboration
TI Detection of B-Mode Polarization in the Cosmic Microwave Background with
Data from the South Pole Telescope
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID POWER SPECTRA; GRAVITY-WAVES; LIGHT; TEMPERATURE; CMB
AB Gravitational lensing of the cosmic microwave background generates a curl pattern in the observed polarization. This "B-mode" signal provides a measure of the projected mass distribution over the entire observable Universe and also acts as a contaminant for the measurement of primordial gravity-wave signals. In this Letter we present the first detection of gravitational lensing B modes, using first-season data from the polarization-sensitive receiver on the South Pole Telescope (SPTpol). We construct a template for the lensing B-mode signal by combining E-mode polarization measured by SPTpol with estimates of the lensing potential from a Herschel-SPIRE map of the cosmic infrared background. We compare this template to the B modes measured directly by SPTpol, finding a nonzero correlation at 7.7 sigma significance. The correlation has an amplitude and scale dependence consistent with theoretical expectations, is robust with respect to analysis choices, and constitutes the first measurement of a powerful cosmological observable.
C1 [Hanson, D.; Bender, A. N.; de Haan, T.; Dobbs, M. A.; Holder, G. P.; Smecher, G.; Vanderlinde, K.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada.
[Hoover, S.; Crites, A.; Benson, B. A.; Bleem, L. E.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Chang, C. L.; Chiang, H. C.; Crawford, T. M.; Gallicchio, J.; Keisler, R.; Leitch, E.; Liang, C.; Luong-Van, D.; Mehl, J.; Meyer, S. S.; Mocanu, L.; Natoli, T.; Schaffer, K. K.; Story, K. T.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Hoover, S.; Benson, B. A.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Chang, C. L.; Meyer, S. S.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Crites, A.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Crawford, T. M.; Leitch, E.; Liang, C.; Meyer, S. S.; Mocanu, L.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Ade, P. A. R.; Tucker, C.] Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3YB, S Glam, Wales.
[Aird, K. A.; Hrubes, J. D.] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Austermann, J. E.; Cho, H-M.; Conley, A.; Everett, W.; Halverson, N. W.; Henning, J. W.] Univ Colorado, CASA, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Beall, J. A.; Cho, H-M.; Gao, J.; Hilton, G. C.; Hubmayr, J.; Irwin, K. D.; Li, D.; Nibarger, J. P.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Bleem, L. E.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Keisler, R.; Meyer, S. S.; Natoli, T.; Story, K. T.] Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Bock, J. J.; Padin, S.; Schulz, B.; Vieira, J. D.; Viero, M. P.; Zemcov, M.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Bock, J. J.; Zemcov, M.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Carlstrom, J. E.; Chang, C. L.; Mehl, J.; Wang, G.; Yefremenko, V.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Chiang, H. C.] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Math Stat & Comp Sci, ZA-4000 Durban, South Africa.
[George, E. M.; Harrington, N.; Holzapfel, W. L.; Huang, N.; Lee, A. T.; Reichardt, C. L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Halverson, N. W.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Knox, L.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Lee, A. T.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Marsden, G.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.
[McMahon, J. J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Montroy, T. E.; Ruhl, J. E.; Saliwanchik, B. R.; Sayre, J. T.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Phys, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
[Novosad, V.; Yefremenko, V.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Pryke, C.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Phys, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Schaffer, K. K.] Sch Art Inst Chicago, Liberal Arts Dept, Chicago, IL 60603 USA.
[Schulz, B.] CALTECH, Ctr Infrared Proc & Anal, JPL, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Stark, A. A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Vanderlinde, K.] Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada.
[Vanderlinde, K.] Univ Toronto, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada.
[Zahn, O.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley Ctr Cosmol Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Zahn, O.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Hanson, D (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada.
RI Novosad, Valentyn/C-2018-2014; Holzapfel, William/I-4836-2015; Novosad,
V /J-4843-2015;
OI Aird, Kenneth/0000-0003-1441-9518; Reichardt,
Christian/0000-0003-2226-9169; Tucker, Carole/0000-0002-1851-3918
FU National Science Foundation [ANT-0638937]; NSF [PHY-1125897, 0959620,
AST-0956135]; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation [GBMF 947]; Office of
Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231,
DE-AC02-06CH11357]; National Sciences and Engineering Research Council
of Canada; Canada Research Chairs Program; Canadian Institute for
Advanced Research; Lorne Trottier Chair program in Astrophysics and
Cosmology at McGill; CITA National Fellowship program; NASA Hubble
Fellowship [HF-51275]
FX The SPT is supported by the National Science Foundation through Grant
No. ANT-0638937, with partial support provided by NSF Grant No.
PHY-1125897. Support for the development and construction of SPTpol were
provided by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation through Grant No. GBMF
947 to the University of Chicago, a gift from the Kavli Foundation, and
NSF Grant No. 0959620. Herschel is an ESA space observatory with science
instruments provided by European-led Principal Investigator consortia
and with important participation from NASA. This research used resources
of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is
supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy
under Award No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. It also used resources of the CLUMEQ
supercomputing consortium, part of the Compute Canada network. Research
at Argonne National Laboratory and use of the Center for Nanoscale
Materials are supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department
of Energy under Award No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The McGill group
acknowledges funding from the National Sciences and Engineering Research
Council of Canada, Canada Research Chairs Program, and the Canadian
Institute for Advanced Research. The C. U. Boulder group acknowledges
support from NSF Grant No. AST-0956135. We thank P. Hargrave at Cardiff
University for antireflection coating the SPTpol lens, A. Datesman for
his work on TES detectors at Argonne, R. Divan for microfabrication
support at Argonne, and the members of the Truce Collaboration for their
efforts in the design of the 150 GHz polarization detectors, in
particular D. Becker, J. Britton, M. D. Niemack, and K. W. Yoon at NIST.
We thank M. Lueker, T. Plagge, Z. Staniszewski, E. Shirokoff, H.
Spieler, and R. Williamson for their considerable contributions to the
SPT program. D. H. was supported by the Lorne Trottier Chair program in
Astrophysics and Cosmology at McGill and by the CITA National Fellowship
program. R. K. acknowledges support from NASA Hubble Fellowship Grant
No. HF-51275.
NR 50
TC 148
Z9 148
U1 2
U2 20
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD SEP 30
PY 2013
VL 111
IS 14
AR 141301
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.141301
PG 6
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 230TO
UT WOS:000325366100001
PM 24138230
ER
PT J
AU Shen, BW
DeMaria, M
Li, JLF
Cheung, S
AF Shen, B. -W.
DeMaria, M.
Li, J. -L. F.
Cheung, S.
TI Genesis of Hurricane Sandy (2012) simulated with a global mesoscale
model
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Hurricane Sandy; genesis predictability; global mesoscale model; MJO;
multiscale interactions; easterly wave
ID TROPICAL CYCLOGENESIS; PREDICTABILITY; PACIFIC; FLOW
AB In this study, we investigate the formation predictability of Hurricane Sandy (2012) with a global mesoscale model. We first present five track and intensity forecasts of Sandy initialized at 00Z 22-26 October 2012, realistically producing its movement with a northwestward turn prior to its landfall. We then show that three experiments initialized at 00Z 16-18 October captured the genesis of Sandy with a lead time of up to 6days and simulated reasonable evolution of Sandy's track and intensity in the next 2day period of 18Z 21-23 October. Results suggest that the extended lead time of formation prediction is achieved by realistic simulations of multiscale processes, including (1) the interaction between an easterly wave and a low-level westerly wind belt (WWB) and (2) the appearance of the upper-level trough at 200hPa to Sandy's northwest. The low-level WWB and upper-level trough are likely associated with a Madden-Julian Oscillation.
C1 [Shen, B. -W.] UMCP ESSIC, College Pk, MD USA.
[Shen, B. -W.] NASA GSFC, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[DeMaria, M.] NOAA NESDIS, Ft Collins, CO USA.
[Li, J. -L. F.] CalTech JPL, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Cheung, S.] NASA ARC, Moffett Field, CA USA.
RP Shen, BW (reprint author), Univ Maryland, ESSIC, 5825 Univ Res Ct 4001, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM bo-wen.shen-1@nasa.gov
RI DeMaria, Mark/F-5583-2010
FU NASA ESTO Advanced Information Systems Technology (AIST) program; NASA
Computational Modeling Algorithms and Cyberinfrastructure (CMAC) program
FX We are grateful for support from the NASA ESTO Advanced Information
Systems Technology (AIST) program and NASA Computational Modeling
Algorithms and Cyberinfrastructure (CMAC) program. We would also like to
thank reviewers for valuable comments, D. Ellsworth for scientific,
insightful visualizations, and K. Massaro, J. Pillard, and J. Dunbar for
proofreading this manuscript. Acknowledgment is also made to the NASA
HEC Program, the NAS Division, and the NCCS for the computer resources
used in this research. The views, opinions, and findings contained in
this report are those of the authors and should not be construed as an
official NOAA or U.S. government position, policy, or decision.
NR 20
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 10
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD SEP 28
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 18
BP 4944
EP 4950
DI 10.1002/grl.50934
PG 7
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 233IU
UT WOS:000325562600029
ER
PT J
AU Kaganovskiy, L
Lau, JW
Khizroev, S
Litvinov, D
AF Kaganovskiy, Leon
Lau, June W.
Khizroev, Sakhrat
Litvinov, Dmitri
TI Influence of a low anisotropy grain on magnetization reversal in
polycrystalline bit-patterned media
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
AB We compute the switching field in a disk-shaped polycrystalline exchange-coupled bit (similar material to those found in bit-patterned media (BPM)) with micromagnetics, by varying physical parameters of a test grain. It was found that the size and the anisotropy of the test grain have substantial effects on the switching field, while its location has only minor influence. Scaling of the bit and the test grain dimensions result in similar switching properties. Switching field was reduced when the number of the low anisotropy test grains increased. Additionally, it was established that the intergranular exchange coupling needs to be at least 10% of the intragrain exchange for the bit to behave as one exchange-coupled entity. This investigation provides some insights for optimizing the material microstructure for the BPM application. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Kaganovskiy, Leon] Touro Coll, Dept Math, New York, NY 11230 USA.
[Lau, June W.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Khizroev, Sakhrat] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33174 USA.
[Litvinov, Dmitri] Univ Houston, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
[Litvinov, Dmitri] Univ Houston, Ctr Integrated Bio & Nano Syst, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
RP Kaganovskiy, L (reprint author), Touro Coll, Dept Math, New York, NY 11230 USA.
EM leonkag@gmail.com; june.lau@nist.gov; khizroev@fiu.edu; litvinov@uh.edu
FU NSF [ECCS-0926027, CMMI-0927786, ECCS-0702752]
FX This research was supported in part by NSF Grants ECCS-0926027,
CMMI-0927786, and ECCS-0702752, and with the resources of the Center for
Integrated Bio and Nanosystems. The authors would like to thank Dr.
Dieter Weller of Hitachi GST for fruitful discussions.
NR 14
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
EI 1089-7550
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD SEP 28
PY 2013
VL 114
IS 12
AR 123909
DI 10.1063/1.4822315
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 231CR
UT WOS:000325391100036
ER
PT J
AU Wu, MM
Wang, C
Sun, Y
Chu, LH
Yan, J
Chen, DF
Huang, QZ
Lynn, JW
AF Wu, Meimei
Wang, Cong
Sun, Ying
Chu, Lihua
Yan, Jun
Chen, Dongfeng
Huang, Qingzhen
Lynn, Jeffrey W.
TI Magnetic structure and lattice contraction in Mn3NiN
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID NEGATIVE THERMAL-EXPANSION; MANGANESE
AB The nuclear and magnetic structures of the cubic antiperovskite compound Mn3NiN are studied using neutron powder diffraction as a function of temperature and applied magnetic field. On cooling in zero field from the paramagnetic state, an anomalous lattice expansion abruptly occurs as the long range antiferromagnetic order first develops below T-N = 262 K. The magnetic structure has lower symmetry than the crystal and can be conveniently described by a rhombohedral R-3 symmetry with dimension of root 2a(c) x root 2a(c) x root 3a(c), where a(c) is the chemical unit cell. In this description, the magnetic moment of the Mn is restricted to the a-b plane, but continuously rotates from 90 degrees to around 38 degrees as the temperature decreases to approximate to 120 K, below which the spin directions remain fixed. The combined magnetic and structural transition exhibits a very large magnetovolume effect with an entropy change of Delta S approximate to 54 J/kg K, but the application of a 6 T magnetic field has little effect on the magnetic structure or entropy change. The crystallographic results indicate that the properties can be tailored by small changes in the composition and site vacancies, and the results enrich the understanding of the magnetostrictive effects in antiperovskites. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Wu, Meimei; Chen, Dongfeng] China Inst Atom Energy, Dept Nucl Phys, Beijing 102413, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Cong; Sun, Ying; Chu, Lihua; Yan, Jun] Beihang Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Condensed Matter & Mat Phys, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China.
[Huang, Qingzhen; Lynn, Jeffrey W.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Wu, MM (reprint author), China Inst Atom Energy, Dept Nucl Phys, Beijing 102413, Peoples R China.
EM mmwu@ciae.ac.cn; congwang@buaa.edu.cn
RI Sun, Ying/P-1453-2016
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [51172012, 91122026]
FX The project was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of
China (NSFC) (Nos. 51172012 and 91122026). The authors thank D. A.
Neumann and A. Santoro (NIST) for very constructive discussions. The
identification of any commercial product or trade name does not imply
endorsement or recommendation by NIST.
NR 20
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 5
U2 45
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
EI 1089-7550
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD SEP 28
PY 2013
VL 114
IS 12
AR 123902
DI 10.1063/1.4822023
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 231CR
UT WOS:000325391100029
ER
PT J
AU Curry, JJ
Estupinan, EG
Henins, A
Lapatovich, WP
Shastri, SD
Hardis, JE
AF Curry, J. J.
Estupinan, E. G.
Henins, A.
Lapatovich, W. P.
Shastri, S. D.
Hardis, J. E.
TI Enhancement of lanthanide evaporation by complexation: Dysprosium
tri-iodide mixed with indium iodide and thulium tri-iodide mixed with
thallium iodide
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID HALIDE VAPORS; LAMPS
AB The vapors in equilibrium with condensates of DyI3, DyI3/InI, TmI3, and TmI3/TlI were observed over the temperature range from 900 K to 1400 K using x-ray induced fluorescence. The total densities of each element (Dy, Tm, In, Tl, and I) in the vapor, summed over all atomic and molecular species, were determined. Dramatic enhancements in the total vapor densities of Dy and Tm were observed in the vapors over DyI3/InI and TmI3/TlI as compared to the vapors over pure DyI3 and pure TmI3, respectively. An enhancement factor exceeding 10 was observed for Dy at T approximate to 1020 K, decreasing to 0 at T approximate to 1250 K. An enhancement factor exceeding 20 was observed for Tm at T approximate to 1040 K, decreasing to 0 at T approximate to 1300 K. Such enhancements are expected from the formation of the vapor-phase hetero-complexes DyInI4 and TmTlI4. Numerical simulations of the thermochemical equilibrium suggest the importance of additional complexes in liquid phases. A description of the measurement technique is given. Improvements in the absolute calibration lead to an approximately 40% correction to previously reported preliminary results. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Curry, J. J.; Henins, A.; Hardis, J. E.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Estupinan, E. G.] OSRAM SYLVANIA Inc, Beverly, MA 01915 USA.
[Lapatovich, W. P.] Walter Lapatovich Consulting, Boxford, MA 01921 USA.
[Shastri, S. D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
RP Curry, JJ (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jjcurry@nist.gov
FU U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX We thank Steve Hansen of Anderson Physical Labs for helpful suggestions;
the management of OSRAM SYLVANIA for supporting this project; our OSRAM
SYLVANIA colleagues Joanne Browne, Victor Perez, Jeff Neil, Michael
Quilici, and John Kelso for their expert technical assistance; Ali
Mashayekhi and Roger Ranay of the Advanced Photon Source for their help
on the beamline. Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the
U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 25
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
EI 1089-7690
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD SEP 28
PY 2013
VL 139
IS 12
AR 124310
DI 10.1063/1.4821828
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 231DA
UT WOS:000325392000061
PM 24089770
ER
PT J
AU Stevenson, DE
Kenaley, CP
AF Stevenson, Duane E.
Kenaley, Christopher P.
TI Revision of the Manefish Genera Caristius and Platyberyx (Teleostei:
Percomorpha: Caristiidae), with Descriptions of Five New Species
SO COPEIA
LA English
DT Article
ID DEEP-SEA FISHES; GROENLANDICUS JENSEN; RECORDS; WATERS; CHECKLIST
AB The family Caristiidae, commonly known as manefishes or veilfins, includes several species of mesopelagic, oceanic fishes found throughout the major ocean basins of the world. We present herein the second part of our revision of the family, including all of the "large-mouth" species, which are distinguished from other members of the family by having a narrow suborbital space and a long upper jaw that extends to mid-orbit or beyond and which is visible externally, not covered by the thin bones of the suborbital series. This group, which is comprised of the genera Platyberyx and Caristius, is described in full, including descriptions of five new species. The genus Platyberyx, which includes six species, three of which are newly described, is distinguished from all other caristiid genera by the presence of a conspicuous lateral line with large scales. The genus Caristius, with four species, two of which are newly described, is distinguished from Platyberyx by the absence of a conspicuous lateral line and by the presence of serrated ventral caudal-fin rays. Species in both genera are distinguished from each other on the basis of meristics, morphometrics, dentition, and gill-raker morphology. Most of the species described here are relatively widespread; species of Platyberyx appear to be more common in the Atlantic basin, while Caristius is more common in the Pacific.
C1 [Stevenson, Duane E.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Resource Assessment & Conservat Engn Div, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Kenaley, Christopher P.] Harvard Univ, Museum Comparat Zool, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Stevenson, DE (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Resource Assessment & Conservat Engn Div, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM duane.stevenson@noaa.gov; ckenaley@fas.harvard.edu
NR 52
TC 0
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 4
PU AMER SOC ICHTHYOLOGISTS & HERPETOLOGISTS
PI MIAMI
PA MAUREEN DONNELLY, SECRETARY FLORIDA INT UNIV BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, 11200
SW 8TH STREET, MIAMI, FL 33199 USA
SN 0045-8511
EI 1938-5110
J9 COPEIA
JI Copeia
PD SEP 27
PY 2013
IS 3
BP 415
EP 434
DI 10.1643/CI-12-086
PG 20
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA AG2WM
UT WOS:000335277800007
ER
PT J
AU Levy, ME
Zhang, RY
Khalizov, AF
Zheng, J
Collins, DR
Glen, CR
Wang, Y
Yu, XY
Luke, W
Jayne, JT
Olaguer, E
AF Levy, Misti E.
Zhang, Renyi
Khalizov, Alexei F.
Zheng, Jun
Collins, Don R.
Glen, Crystal R.
Wang, Yuan
Yu, Xiao-Ying
Luke, Winston
Jayne, John T.
Olaguer, Eduardo
TI Measurements of submicron aerosols in Houston, Texas during the 2009
SHARP field campaign
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Review
ID SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL; PARTICLE MASS ANALYZER; POLAR STRATOSPHERIC
CLOUDS; ABSORPTION CROSS-SECTION; BLACK-CARBON; LIGHT-ABSORPTION;
SULFURIC-ACID; MIXING STATE; ATMOSPHERIC PARTICLES; MOBILITY
RELATIONSHIP
C1 [Levy, Misti E.; Zhang, Renyi; Khalizov, Alexei F.; Zheng, Jun; Collins, Don R.; Glen, Crystal R.; Wang, Yuan] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Zheng, Jun] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Glen, Crystal R.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Yu, Xiao-Ying] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Luke, Winston] NOAA, Air Resources Lab, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Jayne, John T.] Aerodyne Res Inc, Ctr Aerosol & Cloud Chem, Billerica, MA USA.
[Olaguer, Eduardo] Houston Adv Res Ctr, The Woodlands, TX USA.
RP Zhang, RY (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
EM renyi-zhang@tamu.edu
RI Zheng, Jun/E-6772-2010; Collins, Don/F-9617-2012; Yu,
Xiao-Ying/L-9385-2013; Levy, Misti/G-8660-2014; Zhang,
Renyi/A-2942-2011; Khalizov, Alexei/E-9024-2010; Luke,
Winston/D-1594-2016
OI Yu, Xiao-Ying/0000-0002-9861-3109; Levy, Misti/0000-0002-4832-7753;
Khalizov, Alexei/0000-0003-3817-7568; Luke, Winston/0000-0002-1993-2241
FU Houston Advanced Research Center (HACR); Robert A. Welch Foundation
[A-1417]
FX This project was supported by the Houston Advanced Research Center
(HACR) and the Robert A. Welch Foundation (A-1417). We were grateful to
B. Thomas Jobson of Washington State University for providing the VOC
measurements by PTR-MS and Barry Lefer of University of Houston for CO,
SO2, and O3 measurements discussed in our
analysis.
NR 103
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 2
U2 34
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD SEP 27
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 18
BP 10518
EP 10534
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50785
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 239LJ
UT WOS:000326025200008
ER
PT J
AU Feingold, G
McComiskey, A
Rosenfeld, D
Sorooshian, A
AF Feingold, Graham
McComiskey, Allison
Rosenfeld, Daniel
Sorooshian, Armin
TI On the relationship between cloud contact time and precipitation
susceptibility to aerosol
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID MARINE STRATOCUMULUS; DRIZZLE FORMATION; CUMULUS CLOUDS; MODEL;
PARAMETERIZATIONS; MICROPHYSICS; CONVECTION; RAIN
C1 [Feingold, Graham; McComiskey, Allison] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[McComiskey, Allison] NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Rosenfeld, Daniel] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Inst Earth Sci, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel.
[Sorooshian, Armin] Univ Arizona, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, Tucson, AZ USA.
[Sorooshian, Armin] Univ Arizona, Dept Atmospher Sci, Tucson, AZ USA.
RP Feingold, G (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM graham.feingold@noaa.gov
RI Feingold, Graham/B-6152-2009; Rosenfeld, Daniel/F-6077-2016; Manager,
CSD Publications/B-2789-2015;
OI Rosenfeld, Daniel/0000-0002-0784-7656; Sorooshian,
Armin/0000-0002-2243-2264
FU DOE/ASR Program; NOAA/NSF Climate Process Team; ONR [N00014-10-1-0811]
FX This paper is dedicated to the memory of our dear friend, colleague and
mentor, Shalva Tzivion (Tzitzvashvili), the primary architect of Tel
Aviv University's bin microphysical scheme (the TAU method of moments).
G.F., A.M., and D.R. were funded by the DOE/ASR Program. G.F. and A.M.
acknowledge support from the NOAA/NSF Climate Process Team (PI: V.
Larson). A.S. acknowledges support from ONR grant N00014-10-1-0811. We
thank R. Wood for useful discussions.
NR 32
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Z9 17
U1 1
U2 19
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD SEP 27
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 18
BP 10544
EP 10554
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50819
PG 11
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 239LJ
UT WOS:000326025200014
ER
PT J
AU Vicars, WC
Morin, S
Savarino, J
Wagner, NL
Erbland, J
Vince, E
Martins, JMF
Lerner, BM
Quinn, PK
Coffman, DJ
Williams, EJ
Brown, SS
AF Vicars, W. C.
Morin, S.
Savarino, J.
Wagner, N. L.
Erbland, J.
Vince, E.
Martins, J. M. F.
Lerner, B. M.
Quinn, P. K.
Coffman, D. J.
Williams, E. J.
Brown, S. S.
TI Spatial and diurnal variability in reactive nitrogen oxide chemistry as
reflected in the isotopic composition of atmospheric nitrate: Results
from the CalNex 2010 field study
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Review
ID MARINE BOUNDARY-LAYER; AIR-POLLUTANT TRANSPORT; UNITED-STATES;
TROPOSPHERIC OZONE; COASTAL ENVIRONMENT; ANOMALY DELTA-O-17; DENITRIFIER
METHOD; BROMINE CHEMISTRY; AEROSOL NITRATE; NITRYL CHLORIDE
C1 [Vicars, W. C.; Savarino, J.; Erbland, J.] UJF Grenoble 1, CNRS, LGGE, UMR 5183, Grenoble, France.
[Morin, S.] CEN, Meteofrance CNRS, CNRM, GAME,UMR 3589, F-38041 Grenoble, France.
[Wagner, N. L.; Lerner, B. M.; Williams, E. J.; Brown, S. S.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Wagner, N. L.; Lerner, B. M.; Williams, E. J.] Univ Colorado Boulder, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
[Vince, E.; Martins, J. M. F.] UJF Grenoble 1, CNRS, INSU, G INP,IRD,LTHE,UMR 5564, Grenoble, France.
[Quinn, P. K.; Coffman, D. J.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Vicars, WC (reprint author), Univ Colorado Boulder, Inst Alpine & Arctic Res, 1560 30th St, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
EM william.c.vicars@colorado.edu
RI Morin, Samuel/E-8005-2011; Brown, Steven/I-1762-2013; Wagner,
Nicholas/E-7437-2010; Lerner, Brian/H-6556-2013; Savarino,
Joel/H-9730-2012; Martins, Jean/B-2715-2008; Quinn,
Patricia/R-1493-2016; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Morin, Samuel/0000-0002-1781-687X; Lerner, Brian/0000-0001-8721-8165;
Savarino, Joel/0000-0002-6708-9623; Martins, Jean/0000-0003-0314-1311;
Quinn, Patricia/0000-0003-0337-4895;
FU European Community [237890]; Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)
through the OPALE project [NT09-451281]; LEFE-CHAT, a scientific program
of the Institut National des Sciences de l'Univers (INSU/CNRS)
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the NOAA Air Resources Laboratory
(ARL) for the provision of the HYSPLIT transport and dispersion model
and READY website (http://www.arl.noaa.gov/ready.php) used in this
publication. The authors would also like to thank Becky Alexander
(University of Washington) and several anonymous reviewers for helpful
suggestions and comments on this work. The research leading to these
results has received funding from the European Community's Seventh
Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement 237890. The
Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) is also acknowledged for its
financial support through the OPALE project (contract NT09-451281).
LEFE-CHAT, a scientific program of the Institut National des Sciences de
l'Univers (INSU/CNRS), has also provided partial funding for this study.
NR 111
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 6
U2 29
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD SEP 27
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 18
BP 10567
EP 10588
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50680
PG 22
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 239LJ
UT WOS:000326025200023
ER
PT J
AU Wang, MH
Liu, XM
Tan, LQ
Jiang, LD
Son, S
Shi, W
Rausch, K
Voss, K
AF Wang, Menghua
Liu, Xiaoming
Tan, Liqin
Jiang, Lide
Son, SeungHyun
Shi, Wei
Rausch, Kameron
Voss, Kenneth
TI Impacts of VIIRS SDR performance on ocean color products
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; SEA-ICE PROPERTIES; ATMOSPHERIC CORRECTION;
CHLOROPHYLL-A; EQUATORIAL PACIFIC; INFRARED BANDS; MODIS; SEAWIFS;
CALIBRATION; COASTAL
C1 [Wang, Menghua; Liu, Xiaoming; Tan, Liqin; Jiang, Lide; Son, SeungHyun; Shi, Wei] NOAA, NESDIS, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Liu, Xiaoming; Tan, Liqin; Jiang, Lide; Son, SeungHyun; Shi, Wei] Colorado State Univ, CIRA, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Rausch, Kameron] Aerosp Corp, Earth & Climate Sci Directorate, Los Angeles, CA 90009 USA.
[Voss, Kenneth] Univ Miami, Dept Phys, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA.
RP Wang, MH (reprint author), NOAA, NESDIS, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, E RA3,5830 Univ Res Ct, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM menghua.wang@noaa.gov
RI Wang, Menghua/F-5631-2010; Shi, Wei/F-5625-2010; Liu,
Xiaoming/F-5571-2010; Voss, Kenneth /A-5328-2013; Jiang,
Lide/G-2041-2010
OI Wang, Menghua/0000-0001-7019-3125; Voss, Kenneth /0000-0002-7860-5080;
Jiang, Lide/0000-0002-9883-4411
FU Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS)
FX The work was supported by the Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS)
funding. We thank two anonymous reviewers for their useful comments. We
thank the MOBY team for providing the in situ data. The MODIS-Aqua data
were from NASA OBPG ocean color website. The views, opinions, and
findings contained in this paper are those of the authors and should not
be construed as an official NOAA or U.S. Government position, policy, or
decision.
NR 76
TC 50
Z9 50
U1 3
U2 13
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD SEP 27
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 18
BP 10347
EP 10360
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50793
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 239LJ
UT WOS:000326025200015
ER
PT J
AU Tobin, D
Revercomb, H
Knuteson, R
Taylor, J
Best, F
Borg, L
DeSlover, D
Martin, G
Buijs, H
Esplin, M
Glumb, R
Han, Y
Mooney, D
Predina, J
Strow, L
Suwinski, L
Wang, LK
AF Tobin, David
Revercomb, Henry
Knuteson, Robert
Taylor, Joe
Best, Fred
Borg, Lori
DeSlover, Dan
Martin, Graeme
Buijs, Henry
Esplin, Mark
Glumb, Ronald
Han, Yong
Mooney, Daniel
Predina, Joe
Strow, Larrabee
Suwinski, Lawrence
Wang, Likun
TI Suomi-NPP CrIS radiometric calibration uncertainty
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID SOUNDER; INTERFEROMETER; PERFORMANCE; INSTRUMENT; DESIGN; SPACE; AIRS
C1 [Tobin, David; Revercomb, Henry; Knuteson, Robert; Taylor, Joe; Best, Fred; Borg, Lori; DeSlover, Dan; Martin, Graeme] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Buijs, Henry] ABB Analyt Measurement Prod, Quebec City, PQ, Canada.
[Esplin, Mark] Space Dynam Lab, North Logan, UT USA.
[Glumb, Ronald; Predina, Joe; Suwinski, Lawrence] Exelis Inc, Ft Wayne, IN USA.
[Han, Yong; Wang, Likun] NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Mooney, Daniel] MIT, Lincoln Lab, Lexington, MA 02173 USA.
[Strow, Larrabee] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Catonsville, MD USA.
RP Tobin, D (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Space Sci & Engn Ctr, Cooperat Inst Meteorol Satellite Studies, 1225 W Dayton St, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM dave.tobin@ssec.wisc.edu
RI Han, Yong/F-5590-2010; Wang, Likun/B-7524-2008
OI Han, Yong/0000-0002-0183-7270; Wang, Likun/0000-0001-5646-9746
FU NOAA Joint Polar Satellite System Office [NA10NES4400013]; Integrated
Program Office; NASA Suomi-NPP Science Team grant [NNX11AK21G]
FX This research was supported by the NOAA Joint Polar Satellite System
Office under grant NA10NES4400013, by the former Integrated Program
Office, and by NASA Suomi-NPP Science Team grant NNX11AK21G. The authors
would like to extend their thanks to the NASA Atmospheres Product
Evaluation and Analysis Tools Elements and Community Satellite
Processing Package teams at the University of Wisconsin-Madison for
various data access and data processing efforts that contributed to
results presented here. IASI L1C data and IDPS generated CrIS data were
obtained from NOAA's Comprehensive Large Array-data Stewardship System,
and AIRS L1B data were obtained from the Goddard Earth Sciences Data and
Information Services Center.
NR 27
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD SEP 27
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 18
BP 10589
EP 10600
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50809
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 239LJ
UT WOS:000326025200022
ER
PT J
AU Mielke, LH
Stutz, J
Tsai, C
Hurlock, SC
Roberts, JM
Veres, PR
Froyd, KD
Hayes, PL
Cubison, MJ
Jimenez, JL
Washenfelder, RA
Young, CJ
Gilman, JB
de Gouw, JA
Flynn, JH
Grossberg, N
Lefer, BL
Liu, J
Weber, RJ
Osthoff, HD
AF Mielke, L. H.
Stutz, J.
Tsai, C.
Hurlock, S. C.
Roberts, J. M.
Veres, P. R.
Froyd, K. D.
Hayes, P. L.
Cubison, M. J.
Jimenez, J. L.
Washenfelder, R. A.
Young, C. J.
Gilman, J. B.
de Gouw, J. A.
Flynn, J. H.
Grossberg, N.
Lefer, B. L.
Liu, J.
Weber, R. J.
Osthoff, H. D.
TI Heterogeneous formation of nitryl chloride and its role as a nocturnal
NOx reservoir species during CalNex-LA 2010
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-SALT AEROSOL; IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; MARINE BOUNDARY-LAYER;
DINITROGEN PENTOXIDE; N2O5 REACTIVITY; UPTAKE COEFFICIENTS;
URBAN-ENVIRONMENT; AQUEOUS AEROSOLS; GASEOUS N2O5; AIR-QUALITY
C1 [Mielke, L. H.; Osthoff, H. D.] Univ Calgary, Dept Chem, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
[Stutz, J.; Tsai, C.; Hurlock, S. C.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[Roberts, J. M.; Veres, P. R.; Froyd, K. D.; Washenfelder, R. A.; Young, C. J.; Gilman, J. B.; de Gouw, J. A.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Veres, P. R.; Froyd, K. D.; Hayes, P. L.; Cubison, M. J.; Jimenez, J. L.; Washenfelder, R. A.; Young, C. J.; Gilman, J. B.; de Gouw, J. A.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
[Hayes, P. L.; Cubison, M. J.; Jimenez, J. L.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Flynn, J. H.; Grossberg, N.; Lefer, B. L.] Univ Houston, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Houston, TX USA.
[Liu, J.; Weber, R. J.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
RP Osthoff, HD (reprint author), Univ Calgary, Dept Chem, 2500 Univ Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
EM hosthoff@ucalgary.ca
RI Veres, Patrick/E-7441-2010; Jimenez, Jose/A-5294-2008; Liu,
Jiumeng/K-2024-2012; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015;
Washenfelder, Rebecca/E-7169-2010; Roberts, James/A-1082-2009; Young,
Cora/A-4551-2010; Stutz, Jochen/K-7159-2014; Froyd, Karl/H-6607-2013; de
Gouw, Joost/A-9675-2008; Gilman, Jessica/E-7751-2010
OI Veres, Patrick/0000-0001-7539-353X; Jimenez, Jose/0000-0001-6203-1847;
Liu, Jiumeng/0000-0001-7238-593X; Washenfelder,
Rebecca/0000-0002-8106-3702; Roberts, James/0000-0002-8485-8172; Young,
Cora/0000-0002-6908-5829; de Gouw, Joost/0000-0002-0385-1826; Gilman,
Jessica/0000-0002-7899-9948
FU California Air Resources Board (CARB) [08-318]; National Science
Foundation [ATM-0931492, ATM-0802237]; CARB [08-319, 11-305]; DOE (BER,
ASR Program) [DE-SC0006035]; CIRES Visiting Fellowship; NOAA's Health of
the Atmosphere Program; NOAA's Climate Goal
FX The authors are grateful for logistical support by the California
Institute of Technology and for financial support by the California Air
Resources Board (CARB, contract 08-318). The authors thank J. Surratt
and J. Seinfeld for co-organizing the Caltech Supersite. The CIMS used
to measure ClNO2 in this study was purchased using Canada's
National and Engineering Research Council's Research Tools and
Instruments program (NSERC RTI). R.J.W. was supported by National
Science Foundation grants ATM-0931492 and ATM-0802237. P.L.H. and J.L.J.
were supported by CARB 08-319 and 11-305, DOE (BER, ASR Program)
DE-SC0006035, and a CIRES Visiting Fellowship to P.L.H. This work was
supported in part by NOAA's Health of the Atmosphere Program and NOAA's
Climate Goal. The scientific results and conclusions, as well as any
views or opinions expressed herein, are those of the author(s) and do
not necessarily reflect the views of NOAA or the Department of Commerce.
NR 78
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 3
U2 30
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD SEP 27
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 18
BP 10638
EP 10652
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50783
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 239LJ
UT WOS:000326025200005
ER
PT J
AU Yan, B
Moses, SA
Gadway, B
Covey, JP
Hazzard, KRA
Rey, AM
Jin, DS
Ye, J
AF Yan, Bo
Moses, Steven A.
Gadway, Bryce
Covey, Jacob P.
Hazzard, Kaden R. A.
Rey, Ana Maria
Jin, Deborah S.
Ye, Jun
TI Observation of dipolar spin-exchange interactions with lattice-confined
polar molecules
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM SIMULATOR; OPTICAL LATTICE; MAGNETISM
AB With the production of polar molecules in the quantum regime(1,2), long-range dipolar interactions are expected to facilitate understanding of strongly interacting many-body quantum systems and to realize lattice spin models(3) for exploring quantum magnetism. In ordinary atomic systems, where contact interactions require wavefunction overlap, effective spin interactions on a lattice can be mediated by tunnelling, through a process referred to as superexchange; however, the coupling is relatively weak and is limited to nearest-neighbour interactions(4,5). In contrast, dipolar interactions exist even in the absence of tunnelling and extend beyond nearest neighbours. This allows coherent spin dynamics to persist even for gases with relatively high entropy and low lattice filling. Measured effects of dipolar interactions in ultracold molecular gases have been limited to the modification of inelastic collisions and chemical reactions(6,7). Here we use dipolar interactions of polar molecules pinned in a three-dimensional optical lattice to realize a lattice spin model. Spin is encoded in rotational states of molecules that are prepared and probed by microwaves. Resonant exchange of rotational angular momentum between two molecules realizes a spin-exchange interaction. The dipolar interactions are apparent in the evolution of the spin coherence, which shows oscillations in addition to an overall decay of the coherence. The frequency of these oscillations, the strong dependence of the spin coherence time on the lattice filling factor and the effect of a multipulse sequence designed to reverse dynamics due to two-body exchange interactions all provide evidence of dipolar interactions. Furthermore, we demonstrate the suppression of loss in weak lattices due to a continuous quantum Zeno mechanism(8). Measurements of these tunnelling-induced losses allow us to determine the lattice filling factor independently. Our work constitutes an initial exploration of the behaviour of many-body spin models with direct, long-range spin interactions and lays the groundwork for future studies of many-body dynamics in spin lattices.
C1 [Yan, Bo; Moses, Steven A.; Gadway, Bryce; Covey, Jacob P.; Hazzard, Kaden R. A.; Rey, Ana Maria; Jin, Deborah S.; Ye, Jun] NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Yan, Bo; Moses, Steven A.; Gadway, Bryce; Covey, Jacob P.; Hazzard, Kaden R. A.; Rey, Ana Maria; Jin, Deborah S.; Ye, Jun] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Yan, Bo; Moses, Steven A.; Gadway, Bryce; Covey, Jacob P.; Hazzard, Kaden R. A.; Rey, Ana Maria; Jin, Deborah S.; Ye, Jun] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Jin, DS (reprint author), NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM jin@jilau1.colorado.edu; ye@jila.colorado.edu
RI Yan, Bo/B-3810-2012; Ye, Jun/C-3312-2011
OI Yan, Bo/0000-0001-7235-5554;
FU NIST; NSF; AFOSR-ARO (MURI); ARO; DOE; ARO-DARPA-OLE; NDSEG
FX We thank B. Zhu, M. Foss-Feig, G. Quemener and M. Lukin for discussions.
We acknowledge funding for this work from the NIST, NSF, AFOSR-ARO
(MURI), ARO, DOE and ARO-DARPA-OLE. S. A. M. is supported by an NDSEG
Graduate Fellowship. B. G. and K. R. A. H. are National Research Council
postdoctoral fellows. K. R. A. H. and A. M. R. thank the KITP for
hospitality.
NR 33
TC 210
Z9 210
U1 9
U2 71
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD SEP 26
PY 2013
VL 501
IS 7468
BP 521
EP +
DI 10.1038/nature12483
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 223RP
UT WOS:000324826300052
PM 24048478
ER
PT J
AU Christensen, BG
McCusker, KT
Altepeter, JB
Calkins, B
Gerrits, T
Lita, AE
Miller, A
Shalm, LK
Zhang, Y
Nam, SW
Brunner, N
Lim, CCW
Gisin, N
Kwiat, PG
AF Christensen, B. G.
McCusker, K. T.
Altepeter, J. B.
Calkins, B.
Gerrits, T.
Lita, A. E.
Miller, A.
Shalm, L. K.
Zhang, Y.
Nam, S. W.
Brunner, N.
Lim, C. C. W.
Gisin, N.
Kwiat, P. G.
TI Detection-Loophole-Free Test of Quantum Nonlocality, and Applications
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID POLARIZATION-ENTANGLED PHOTONS; HIDDEN-VARIABLE THEORIES;
BELLS-INEQUALITY; LOCAL REALISM; VIOLATION; COUNTER; PAIRS
AB We present a source of entangled photons that violates a Bell inequality free of the "fair-sampling" assumption, by over 7 standard deviations. This violation is the first reported experiment with photons to close the detection loophole, and we demonstrate enough "efficiency" overhead to eventually perform a fully loophole-free test of local realism. The entanglement quality is verified by maximally violating additional Bell tests, testing the upper limit of quantum correlations. Finally, we use the source to generate "device-independent" private quantum random numbers at rates over 4 orders of magnitude beyond previous experiments.
C1 [Christensen, B. G.; McCusker, K. T.; Altepeter, J. B.; Kwiat, P. G.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Calkins, B.; Gerrits, T.; Lita, A. E.; Miller, A.; Shalm, L. K.; Zhang, Y.; Nam, S. W.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Miller, A.] Albion Coll, Dept Phys, Albion, MI 49224 USA.
[Zhang, Y.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Brunner, N.] Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Theor, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
[Brunner, N.] Univ Bristol, HH Wills Phys Lab, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England.
[Lim, C. C. W.; Gisin, N.] Univ Geneva, Appl Phys Grp, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
RP Christensen, BG (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
EM bgchris2@illinois.edu
OI Lim, Charles Ci Wen/0000-0002-2332-4126
FU DARPA InPho program; U.S. Army Research Office Award [W911NF-10-1-0395];
NSF PHY [12-05870]; NIST Quantum Information Science Initiative; Swiss
NSF [PP00P2 138917]; EU chist-era project DIQIP; Swiss NCCR-QSIT
FX This research was supported by the DARPA InPho program, U.S. Army
Research Office Award No. W911NF-10-1-0395, NSF PHY 12-05870, the NIST
Quantum Information Science Initiative, the Swiss NSF (No. PP00P2
138917), the EU chist-era project DIQIP, and the Swiss NCCR-QSIT. The
data reported in this Letter are available in Ref. [39]. The authors
acknowledge helpful discussions with Manny Knill.
NR 37
TC 126
Z9 126
U1 4
U2 38
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD SEP 26
PY 2013
VL 111
IS 13
AR 130406
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.130406
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 230SY
UT WOS:000325364300001
PM 24116754
ER
PT J
AU Ke, X
Birol, T
Misra, R
Lee, JH
Kirby, BJ
Schlom, DG
Fennie, CJ
Freeland, JW
AF Ke, X.
Birol, T.
Misra, R.
Lee, J. -H.
Kirby, B. J.
Schlom, D. G.
Fennie, C. J.
Freeland, J. W.
TI Structural control of magnetic anisotropy in a strain-driven
multiferroic EuTiO3 thin film
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID PEROVSKITES; INSIGHTS; FIELD
AB Octahedral distortion plays a key role in engineering the physical properties of heterostructures composed of perovskite oxides. We observe a strong in-plane uniaxial magnetic anisotropy in a strain-enabled multiferroic EuTiO3 thin film epitaxially grown on a (110)(o) DyScO3 substrate. First-principles calculations show that the magnetic anisotropy is closely correlated with the uniaxial TiO6 octahedral tilting and the ferroelectric polarization of the film, indicating potential strong magnetoelectric coupling in the strain-engineered multiferroic system.
C1 [Ke, X.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Ke, X.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Sci Directorate, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Birol, T.; Fennie, C. J.] Cornell Univ, Sch Appl & Engn Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Misra, R.] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Misra, R.] Penn State Univ, Mat Res Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Lee, J. -H.; Freeland, J. W.] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Lee, J. -H.; Schlom, D. G.] Cornell Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Kirby, B. J.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Schlom, D. G.] Kavli Inst Cornell Nanoscale Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RP Ke, X (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM ke@pa.msu.edu
RI Birol, Turan/D-1948-2012
OI Birol, Turan/0000-0001-5174-3320
FU Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
DOE; US Department of Energy, Office of Science [DE-AC02-06CH11357];
DOE-BES [DESCOO02334]; NSF MRSEC program [DMR-0820404]
FX We are grateful for useful discussions with Professor Peter E. Schiffer.
X. K. acknowledges the support from the start-up funds at Michigan State
University. Work at ORNL was supported by the Scientific User Facilities
Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, DOE, and work at Argonne is
supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, under
Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. T. B. and C.J.F. were supported by the
DOE-BES under Grant No. DESCOO02334. R. M., J.H.L., and D. G. S. were
supported by the NSF MRSEC program (DMR-0820404).
NR 43
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 4
U2 64
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
EI 1550-235X
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD SEP 26
PY 2013
VL 88
IS 9
AR 094434
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.88.094434
PG 5
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 225BW
UT WOS:000324938400001
ER
PT J
AU Hangarter, CM
Debnath, R
Ha, JY
Sahiner, MA
Reehil, CJ
Manners, WA
Josell, D
AF Hangarter, Carlos M.
Debnath, Ratan
Ha, Jong Y.
Sahiner, Mehmet A.
Reehil, Christopher J.
Manners, William A.
Josell, Daniel
TI Photocurrenit Mapping of 3D CdSe/CdTe Windowless Solar Cells
SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
LA English
DT Article
DE back contact; CdSe; CdTe; photovoltaic; 3D solar cells; SPCM
ID BEAM-INDUCED CURRENT; SURFACE PASSIVATION; CDTE; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE;
DEVICES
AB This paper details the use of scanning photocurrent microscopy to examine localized current collection efficiency of thin-film photovoltaic devices with in-plane patterning at a submicrometer length scale. The devices are based upon two interdigitated comb electrodes at the micrometer length scale prepatterned on a substrate, with CdSe electrodeposited on one electrode and CdTe deposited over the entire surface of the resulting structure by pulsed laser deposition. Photocurrent maps provide information on what limits the performance of the windowless CdSe/CdTe thin-film photovoltaic devices, revealing "dead zones" particularly above the electrodes contacting the CdTe which is interpreted as recombination over the back contact. Additionally, the impact of ammonium sulfide passivation is examined, which enables device efficiency to reach 4.3% under simulated air mass 1.5 illumination.
C1 [Hangarter, Carlos M.; Debnath, Ratan; Ha, Jong Y.; Josell, Daniel] NIST, Div Engn & Mat Sci, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Debnath, Ratan] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Debnath, Ratan] N5 Sensors Inc, Rockville, MD 20852 USA.
[Ha, Jong Y.] Univ Maryland, Inst Res Elect & Appl Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Sahiner, Mehmet A.; Reehil, Christopher J.; Manners, William A.] Seton Hall Univ, Dept Phys, S Orange, NJ 07079 USA.
RP Josell, D (reprint author), NIST, Div Engn & Mat Sci, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM daniel.josell@nist.gov
RI Debnath, Ratan/B-4678-2016; Hangarter, Carlos/M-7924-2016; Debnath,
Ratan/D-3629-2012
OI Debnath, Ratan/0000-0003-1343-7888; Hangarter,
Carlos/0000-0002-7149-0903;
FU NIST-ARRA Senior Fellowship at the University of Maryland, College Park;
Cottrell Research Corporation [CC6405]; NSF [DMI 0420952]
FX RD acknowledges the financial support of a NIST-ARRA Senior Fellowship
at the University of Maryland, College Park. The patterned substrates
for the PV devices were fabricated in the Nanofab clean room of the NIST
Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology. MAS's work has been
supported by Cottrell Research Corporation, Award CC6405, and NSF DMI
0420952. The authors thank Daniel V. Esposito for sharing his expertise
with SPCM.
NR 31
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 3
U2 23
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1944-8244
J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER
JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces
PD SEP 25
PY 2013
VL 5
IS 18
BP 9120
EP 9127
DI 10.1021/am402507f
PG 8
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 294BD
UT WOS:000330016500041
PM 23968397
ER
PT J
AU Wineland, DJ
AF Wineland, David J.
TI Superposition, Entanglement, and Raising Schrodinger's Cat (Nobel
Lecture)
SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
LA English
DT Article
DE ion traps; Nobel lecture; quantum clock; quantum computing;
Schrodinger's cat
ID MONO-ION OSCILLATOR; OPTICAL FREQUENCY STANDARDS; TRAPPED ATOMIC IONS;
ZERO-POINT ENERGY; QUANTUM JUMPS; RADIATION-PRESSURE; SINGLE-ATOM;
PROJECTION NOISE; MOTIONAL STATES; HYDROGEN MASER
C1 NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Wineland, DJ (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM david.wineland@nist.gov
NR 165
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 19
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1433-7851
EI 1521-3773
J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT
JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit.
PD SEP 23
PY 2013
VL 52
IS 39
BP 10179
EP 10189
DI 10.1002/anie.201303404
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 282AG
UT WOS:000329141800002
PM 23939875
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, BS
Seaberg, MD
Adams, DE
Gardner, DF
Shanblatt, ER
Shaw, JM
Chao, WL
Gullikson, EM
Salmassi, F
Kapteyn, HC
Murnane, MM
AF Zhang, Bosheng
Seaberg, Matthew D.
Adams, Daniel E.
Gardner, Dennis F.
Shanblatt, Elisabeth R.
Shaw, Justin M.
Chao, Weilun
Gullikson, Eric M.
Salmassi, Farhad
Kapteyn, Henry C.
Murnane, Margaret M.
TI Full field tabletop EUV coherent diffractive imaging in a transmission
geometry
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID PHASE RETRIEVAL ALGORITHMS; X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; IN-LINE HOLOGRAPHY;
ITERATIVE ALGORITHMS; NM RESOLUTION; MICROSCOPY; ELECTRON;
RECONSTRUCTION; GENERATION; ALLOW
AB We demonstrate the first general tabletop EUV coherent microscope that can image extended, non-isolated, non-periodic, objects. By implementing keyhole coherent diffractive imaging with curved mirrors and a tabletop high harmonic source, we achieve improved efficiency of the imaging system as well as more uniform illumination at the sample, when compared with what is possible using Fresnel zone plates. Moreover, we show that the unscattered light from a semi-transparent sample can be used as a holographic reference wave, allowing quantitative information about the thickness of the sample to be extracted from the retrieved image. Finally, we show that excellent tabletop image fidelity is achieved by comparing the retrieved images with scanning electron and atomic force microscopy images, and show superior capabilities in some cases. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America
C1 [Zhang, Bosheng; Seaberg, Matthew D.; Adams, Daniel E.; Gardner, Dennis F.; Shanblatt, Elisabeth R.; Kapteyn, Henry C.; Murnane, Margaret M.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Shaw, Justin M.] NIST, Electromagnet Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Chao, Weilun; Gullikson, Eric M.; Salmassi, Farhad] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Xray Opt, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Zhang, BS (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM Bosheng.Zhang@colorado.edu
RI Shaw, Justin/C-1845-2008; Kapteyn, Henry/H-6559-2011; Zhang,
Bosheng/F-6122-2016
OI Shaw, Justin/0000-0003-2027-1521; Kapteyn, Henry/0000-0001-8386-6317;
Zhang, Bosheng/0000-0001-7027-833X
FU National Security Science and Engineering Faculty Fellowship; National
Science Foundation Engineering Research Center in EUV Science and
Technology; NSF IGERT program
FX We thank David Alchenberger for assistance in acquiring the AFM image
and Paul Rice for use of the focused ion beam system. We also gratefully
acknowledge support from a National Security Science and Engineering
Faculty Fellowship and from the National Science Foundation Engineering
Research Center in EUV Science and Technology. M. Seaberg, D. Gardner,
and E. Shanblatt acknowledge support from an NSF IGERT program.
NR 49
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 2
U2 35
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD SEP 23
PY 2013
VL 21
IS 19
BP 21970
EP 21980
DI 10.1364/OE.21.021970
PG 11
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 233DY
UT WOS:000325547200025
PM 24104090
ER
PT J
AU Kuo, PS
Slattery, O
Kim, YS
Pelc, JS
Fejer, MM
Tang, X
AF Kuo, Paulina S.
Slattery, Oliver
Kim, Yong-Su
Pelc, Jason S.
Fejer, M. M.
Tang, Xiao
TI Spectral response of an upconversion detector and spectrometer
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID SINGLE-PHOTON DETECTION; LINBO3 WAVE-GUIDES; INFRARED SPECTROMETER;
FREQUENCY-CONVERSION; NOISE; GENERATION; EFFICIENCY
AB We investigate the spectral response of an upconversion detector theoretically and experimentally, and discuss implications for its use as an infrared spectrometer. Upconversion detection is based on high-conversion-efficiency, sum-frequency generation (SFG). The spectral selectivity of an upconversion spectrometer is determined by the SFG spectral response function. This function changes with varying pump power. Working at maximum internal conversion efficiency is desirable for high sensitivity of the system, but the spectral response function is different at this pump power compared to the response function at low power. We calculate the theoretical spectral response of the upconversion detector as a function of pump power and obtain excellent agreement with upconversion spectra measured in a periodically poled LiNbO3 waveguide. (c) 2013 Optical Society of America
C1 [Kuo, Paulina S.; Slattery, Oliver; Kim, Yong-Su; Tang, Xiao] NIST, Informat Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Kuo, Paulina S.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Kuo, Paulina S.] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Pelc, Jason S.; Fejer, M. M.] Stanford Univ, Edward L Ginzton Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Kuo, PS (reprint author), NIST, Informat Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM paulina.kuo@nist.gov
NR 22
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 20
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD SEP 23
PY 2013
VL 21
IS 19
BP 22523
EP 22531
DI 10.1364/OE.21.022523
PG 9
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 233DY
UT WOS:000325547200076
PM 24104141
ER
PT J
AU Calkins, B
Mennea, PL
Lita, AE
Metcalf, BJ
Kolthammer, WS
Lamas-Linares, A
Spring, JB
Humphreys, PC
Mirin, RP
Gates, JC
Smith, PGR
Walmsley, IA
Gerrits, T
Nam, SW
AF Calkins, Brice
Mennea, Paolo L.
Lita, Adriana E.
Metcalf, Benjamin J.
Kolthammer, W. Steven
Lamas-Linares, Antia
Spring, Justin B.
Humphreys, Peter C.
Mirin, Richard P.
Gates, James C.
Smith, Peter G. R.
Walmsley, Ian A.
Gerrits, Thomas
Nam, Sae Woo
TI High quantum-efficiency photon-number-resolving detector for photon
icon-chip information processing
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID WAVE-GUIDES; BRAGG GRATINGS; CIRCUITS
AB The integrated optical circuit is a promising architecture for the realization of complex quantum optical states and information networks. One element that is required for many of these applications is a high-efficiency photon detector capable of photon-number discrimination. We present an integrated photonic system in the telecom band at 1550 nm based on UV-written silica-on-silicon waveguides and modified transition-edge sensors capable of number resolution and over 40 % efficiency. Exploiting the mode transmission failure of these devices, we multiplex three detectors in series to demonstrate a combined 79 % +/- 2 % detection efficiency with a single pass, and 88 % +/- 3 % at the operating wavelength of an on-chip terminal reflection grating. Furthermore, our optical measurements clearly demonstrate no significant unexplained loss in this system due to scattering or reflections. This waveguide and detector design therefore allows the placement of number-resolving single-photon detectors of predictable efficiency at arbitrary locations within a photonic circuit - a capability that offers great potential for many quantum optical applications.
C1 [Calkins, Brice; Lita, Adriana E.; Lamas-Linares, Antia; Mirin, Richard P.; Gerrits, Thomas; Nam, Sae Woo] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Metcalf, Benjamin J.; Kolthammer, W. Steven; Spring, Justin B.; Humphreys, Peter C.; Walmsley, Ian A.] Univ Oxford, Clarendon Lab, Oxford OX1 3PU, England.
[Mennea, Paolo L.; Gates, James C.; Smith, Peter G. R.] Univ Southampton, Optoelect Res Ctr, Highfield SO17 1BJ, Hants, England.
RP Calkins, B (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM brice.calkins@nist.gov
RI Smith, Peter/D-5951-2016;
OI Smith, Peter/0000-0003-0319-718X; Mirin, Richard/0000-0002-4472-4655
FU NIST Quantum Information Initiative; EPSRC (Engineering and Physical
Sciences Research Council) [GR/S82176/01]; EU IP (Integrated Project)
Q-ESSENCE (Quantum Interfaces, sensors, and communication based on
entanglement)
FX This work was supported by the NIST Quantum Information Initiative and
by the EPSRC (Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council) (grant
no. GR/S82176/01), EU IP (Integrated Project) Q-ESSENCE (Quantum
Interfaces, sensors, and communication based on entanglement). IAW
acknowledges a Royal Society/Wolfson Research Merit Award.
NR 31
TC 43
Z9 43
U1 1
U2 48
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD SEP 23
PY 2013
VL 21
IS 19
BP 22657
EP 22670
DI 10.1364/OE.21.022657
PG 14
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 233DY
UT WOS:000325547200088
PM 24104153
ER
PT J
AU DelRio, FW
Friedman, LH
Gaither, MS
Osborn, WA
Cook, RF
AF DelRio, Frank W.
Friedman, Lawrence H.
Gaither, Michael S.
Osborn, William A.
Cook, Robert F.
TI Decoupling small-scale roughness and long-range features on deep
reactive ion etched silicon surfaces
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL SILICON; THETA-LIKE SPECIMENS; MICROMACHINED SURFACES;
EVOLUTION; STRENGTH; ADHESION; FRACTURE; SI(111); PLASMA
AB A methodology to decouple irregular small-scale roughness and regular long-range features on deep reactive ion etched (DRIE) silicon surfaces is presented. Height-height correlations of three different DRIE silicon surfaces are evaluated via atomic force microscopy height data and fit to an analytic, five-parameter model based on a phenomenological scaling function for the small-scale roughness and a Bessel function for the long-range features. The resulting roughness parameters are constant for all three surfaces at small lateral length scales, indicating self-affine roughness inherent to the DRIE process, but dependent on the etch process at large lateral length scales, increasing by a factor of five as the controlled portion of the DRIE process decreased. The results from the analysis are also compared to fracture strengths from recently introduced "theta" test samples with the same etch features as an example of the potential of the analysis in providing an unbiased assessment of the processing-structure-property relationships for DRIE silicon surfaces.
C1 [DelRio, Frank W.; Friedman, Lawrence H.; Gaither, Michael S.; Osborn, William A.; Cook, Robert F.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP DelRio, FW (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM frank.delrio@nist.gov
RI Osborn, Will/G-4526-2012; Friedman, Lawrence/G-5650-2011
OI Friedman, Lawrence/0000-0003-2416-9903
NR 30
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 14
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD SEP 21
PY 2013
VL 114
IS 11
AR 113506
DI 10.1063/1.4821899
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 223RU
UT WOS:000324827200019
ER
PT J
AU Jiang, LD
Wang, MH
AF Jiang, Lide
Wang, Menghua
TI Identification of pixels with stray light and cloud shadow
contaminations in the satellite ocean color data processing
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID WATER-LEAVING RADIANCE; POINT-SPREAD FUNCTION; SEA-ICE PROPERTIES;
ATMOSPHERIC CORRECTION; SURFACE-ROUGHNESS; MODIS; SEAWIFS; CALIBRATION;
BANDS; AQUA
AB A new flag/masking scheme has been developed for identifying stray light and cloud shadow pixels that significantly impact the quality of satellite-derived ocean color products. Various case studies have been carried out to evaluate the performance of the new cloud contamination flag/masking scheme on ocean color products derived from the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) onboard the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (SNPP). These include direct visual assessments, detailed quantitative case studies, objective statistic analyses, and global image examinations and comparisons. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Multisensor Level-1 to Level-2 (NOAA-MSL12) ocean color data processing system has been used in the study. The new stray light and cloud shadow identification method has been shown to outperform the current stray light flag in both valid data coverage and data quality of satellite-derived ocean color products. In addition, some cloud-related flags from the official VIIRS-SNPP data processing software, i.e., the Interface Data Processing System (IDPS), have been assessed. Although the data quality with the IDPS flags is comparable to that of the new flag implemented in the NOAA-MSL12 ocean color data processing system, the valid data coverage from the IDPS is significantly less than that from the NOAA-MSL12 using the new stray light and cloud shadow flag method. Thus, the IDPS flag/masking algorithms need to be refined and modified to reduce the pixel loss, e.g., the proposed new cloud contamination flag/masking can be implemented in IDPS VIIRS ocean color data processing. (c) 2013 Optical Society of America
C1 [Jiang, Lide; Wang, Menghua] Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Jiang, Lide] Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Wang, MH (reprint author), Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, E-RA3,5830 Univ Res Court, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM Menghua.Wang@noaa.gov
RI Wang, Menghua/F-5631-2010; Jiang, Lide/G-2041-2010
OI Wang, Menghua/0000-0001-7019-3125; Jiang, Lide/0000-0002-9883-4411
FU Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS)
FX The work was supported by the Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS)
funding. We thank the MOBY team for providing the in situ data. The
views, opinions, and findings contained in this paper are those of the
authors and should not be construed as an official NOAA or U.S.
Government position, policy, or decision.
NR 40
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 5
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
EI 2155-3165
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD SEP 20
PY 2013
VL 52
IS 27
BP 6757
EP 6770
DI 10.1364/AO.52.006757
PG 14
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 223IO
UT WOS:000324798100016
PM 24085175
ER
PT J
AU Simon, JB
Bai, XN
Armitage, PJ
Stone, JM
Beckwith, K
AF Simon, Jacob B.
Bai, Xue-Ning
Armitage, Philip J.
Stone, James M.
Beckwith, Kris
TI TURBULENCE IN THE OUTER REGIONS OF PROTOPLANETARY DISKS. II. STRONG
ACCRETION DRIVEN BY A VERTICAL MAGNETIC FIELD
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE accretion, accretion disks; magnetohydrodynamics (MHD); protoplanetary
disks; turbulence
ID ANGULAR-MOMENTUM TRANSPORT; UNSPLIT GODUNOV METHOD; T TAURI STARS;
MAGNETOROTATIONAL-INSTABILITY; CONSTRAINED TRANSPORT; AMBIPOLAR
DIFFUSION; PROTOSTELLAR DISKS; FAR-ULTRAVIOLET; RIEMANN SOLVER; IDEAL
MHD
AB We carry out a series of local, vertically stratified shearing box simulations of protoplanetary disks that include ambipolar diffusion and a net vertical magnetic field. The ambipolar diffusion profiles we employ correspond to 30 AU and 100 AU in a minimum mass solar nebula (MMSN) disk model, which consists of a far-ultraviolet-ionized surface layer and low-ionization disk interior. These simulations serve as a follow-up to Simon et al., in which we found that without a net vertical field, the turbulent stresses that result from the magnetorotational instability (MRI) are too weak to account for observed accretion rates. The simulations in this work show a very strong dependence of the accretion stresses on the strength of the background vertical field; as the field strength increases, the stress amplitude increases. For a net vertical field strength (quantified by beta(0), the ratio of gas to magnetic pressure at the disk mid-plane) of beta(0) = 10(4) and beta(0) = 10(5), we find accretion rates M similar to 10(-8)-10(-7) M-circle dot yr(-1). These accretion rates agree with observational constraints, suggesting a vertical magnetic field strength of similar to 60-200 mu G and 10-30 mu G at 30 AU and 100 AU, respectively, in a MMSN disk. Furthermore, the stress has a non-negligible component due to a magnetic wind. For sufficiently strong vertical field strengths, MRI turbulence is quenched, and the flow becomes largely laminar, with accretion proceeding through large-scale correlations in the radial and toroidal field components as well as through the magnetic wind. In all simulations, the presence of a low-ionization region near the disk mid-plane, which we call the ambipolar damping zone, results in reduced stresses there.
C1 [Simon, Jacob B.; Armitage, Philip J.; Beckwith, Kris] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Simon, Jacob B.; Armitage, Philip J.; Beckwith, Kris] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Bai, Xue-Ning] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Armitage, Philip J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Stone, James M.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Beckwith, Kris] Tech X Corp, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
RP Simon, JB (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM jbsimon@jila.colorado.edu
FU NASA [NNX09AB90G, NNX11AE12G, NNX13AI58G, HST-AR-12814, NAS 5-26555];
HST grant [HST-AR-12814.03-A]; Tech-X Corp., Boulder, CO; National
Science Foundation [AST-0908269, CNS-0821794]; Space Telescope Science
Institute; NASA through a Hubble Fellowship grant from the Space
Telescope Science Institute [HST-HF-51301.01-A]; National Institute for
Computational Sciences through XSEDE grant [TG-AST120062]; University of
Colorado Boulder
FX We thank Andrew Youdin, Sean O'Neill, and Matt Kunz for useful
discussions and suggestions regarding this work. J.B.S., P.J.A., and
K.B. acknowledge support from NASA through grants NNX09AB90G,
NNX11AE12G, and NNX13AI58G. K.B. also acknowledges funding support from
HST grant HST-AR-12814.03-A and from Tech-X Corp., Boulder, CO. X.N.B.
and J.M.S. acknowledge support from the National Science Foundation
through grant AST-0908269. P.J.A. acknowledges support from NASA under
grant HST-AR-12814 awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute.
X.N.B. acknowledges support from program number HST-HF-51301.01-A
provided by NASA through a Hubble Fellowship grant from the Space
Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of
Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA, under contact
NAS 5-26555. This research was supported by an allocation of advanced
computing resources provided by the National Science Foundation. The
computations were performed on Kraken and Nautilus at the National
Institute for Computational Sciences through XSEDE grant TG-AST120062.
This work also utilized the Janus supercomputer, which is supported by
the National Science Foundation (award number CNS-0821794) and the
University of Colorado Boulder. The Janus supercomputer is a joint
effort of the University of Colorado Boulder, the University of Colorado
Denver, and the National Center for Atmospheric Research.
NR 58
TC 41
Z9 41
U1 1
U2 9
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD SEP 20
PY 2013
VL 775
IS 1
AR 73
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/775/1/73
PG 13
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 220VU
UT WOS:000324615800073
ER
PT J
AU Marques, AC
Maronna, MM
Collins, AG
AF Marques, Antonio C.
Maronna, Maximiliano M.
Collins, Allen G.
TI Putting GenBank Data on the Map
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Letter
C1 [Marques, Antonio C.; Maronna, Maximiliano M.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Biosci, BR-05508090 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[Collins, Allen G.] NOAA, Natl Systemat Lab, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Collins, Allen G.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Marques, AC (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Biosci, BR-05508090 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
EM marques@ib.usp.br
RI Marques, Antonio/E-8049-2011;
OI Marques, Antonio/0000-0002-2884-0541; Maronna,
Maximiliano/0000-0002-2590-639X
NR 2
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD SEP 20
PY 2013
VL 341
IS 6152
BP 1341
EP 1341
PG 1
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 220PK
UT WOS:000324597200018
PM 24052287
ER
PT J
AU Costa, BM
Battista, TA
AF Costa, B. M.
Battista, T. A.
TI The semi-automated classification of acoustic imagery for characterizing
coral reef ecosystems
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
ID OBJECT-ORIENTED CLASSIFICATION; REMOTE-SENSING DATA; ACCURACY
ASSESSMENT; SPATIAL-RESOLUTION; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; MAP ACCURACY;
PUERTO-RICO; MANAGEMENT; HABITATS; ECOLOGY
AB Coral reef habitat maps describe the spatial distribution and abundance of tropical marine resources, making them essential for ecosystem-based approaches to planning and management. Typically, these habitat maps have been created from optical and acoustic remotely sensed imagery using manual, pixel- and object-based classification methods. However, past studies have shown that none of these classification methods alone are optimal for characterizing coral reef habitats for multiple management applications because the maps they produce (1) are not synoptic, (2) are time consuming to develop, (3) have low thematic resolutions (i.e. number of classes), or (4) have low overall thematic accuracies. To address these deficiencies, a novel, semi-automated object- and pixel-based technique was applied to multibeam echo sounder imagery to determine its utility for characterizing coral reef ecosystems. This study is not a direct comparison of these different methods but rather, a first attempt at applying a new classification technique to acoustic imagery. This technique used a combination of principal components analysis, edge-based segmentation, and Quick, Unbiased, and Efficient Statistical Trees (QUEST) to successfully partition the acoustic imagery into 35 distinct combinations of (1) major and (2) detailed geomorphological structure, (3) major and (4) detailed biological cover, and (5) live coral cover types. Thematic accuracies for these classes (corrected for proportional bias) were as follows: (1) 95.7%, (2) 88.7%, (3) 95.0%, (4) 74.0%, and (5) 88.3%, respectively. Approximately half of the habitat polygons were manually edited (hence the name semi-automated') due to a combination of mis-classifications by QUEST and noise in the acoustic data. While this method did not generate a map that was entirely reproducible, it does show promise for increasing the amount of automation with which thematically accurate benthic habitat maps can be generated from acoustic imagery.
C1 [Costa, B. M.; Battista, T. A.] US Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Biogeog Branch, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Costa, B. M.] Consolidated Safety Serv Inc, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
RP Costa, BM (reprint author), US Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Biogeog Branch, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM bryan.costa@noaa.gov
FU NOAA's Coral Reef Conservation Program
FX Funding for this study was provided by NOAA's Coral Reef Conservation
Program. This study would not have been possible without the numerous
people who shared their data, information, and time throughout this
process. We appreciate the support of US National Park Service staff,
the crew and officers on board the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration's (NOAA) ship Nancy Foster, as well as many scientists at
the NOAA's National Undersea Research Program, and National Marine
Fisheries Service. Also, many thanks to Randy Clark for helping to
collect GV and validation data in the field, to Laurie Bauer for
conducting the accuracy assessment, and to Larry Mayer, Andrew
Armstrong, Roger Parsons, Matthew Kendall, Charles Menza, and the three
anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments.
NR 80
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 31
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0143-1161
EI 1366-5901
J9 INT J REMOTE SENS
JI Int. J. Remote Sens.
PD SEP 20
PY 2013
VL 34
IS 18
SI SI
BP 6389
EP 6422
DI 10.1080/01431161.2013.800661
PG 34
WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
GA 174QN
UT WOS:000321170600007
ER
PT J
AU Pe'eri, S
McLeod, A
Lavoie, P
Ackerman, S
Gardner, J
Parrish, C
AF Pe'eri, Shachak
McLeod, Andy
Lavoie, Paul
Ackerman, Seth
Gardner, James
Parrish, Christopher
TI Field calibration and validation of remote-sensing surveys
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
ID REFLECTANCE
AB The Optical Collection Suite (OCS) is a ground-truth sampling system designed to perform in situ measurements that help calibrate and validate optical remote-sensing and swath-sonar surveys for mapping and monitoring coastal ecosystems and ocean planning. The OCS system enables researchers to collect underwater imagery with real-time feedback, measure the spectral response, and quantify the water clarity with simple and relatively inexpensive instruments that can be hand-deployed from a small vessel. This article reviews the design and performance of the system, based on operational and logistical considerations, as well as the data requirements to support a number of coastal science and management projects. The OCS system has been operational since 2009 and has been used in several ground-truth missions that overlapped with airborne lidar bathymetry (ALB), hyperspectral imagery (HSI), and swath-sonar bathymetric surveys in the Gulf of Maine, southwest Alaska, and the US Virgin Islands (USVI). Research projects that have used the system include a comparison of backscatter intensity derived from acoustic (multibeam/interferometric sonars) versus active optical (ALB) sensors, ALB bottom detection, and seafloor characterization using HSI and ALB.
C1 [Pe'eri, Shachak; McLeod, Andy; Lavoie, Paul; Gardner, James] Univ New Hampshire, Ctr Coastal & Ocean Mapping, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Ackerman, Seth] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Parrish, Christopher] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Pe'eri, S (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Ctr Coastal & Ocean Mapping, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
EM shachak@ccom.unh.edu
FU UNH/NOAA Joint Hydrographic Center grant [NA05NOS4001153]
FX The authors wish to thank captains of the research vessels Chocheco and
Osprey, Emily Terry, and Ian Lundgren, and the NOAA field operation
officers, and their survey team on board the NOAA survey vessel Rainier
for allowing us to use their vessels for this study. The authors would
also wish to thank Pete Dartnell from the USGS, Menlo Park, CA, and the
anonymous reviewers who have improved the article through their
constructive suggestions. This project was funded from the UNH/NOAA
Joint Hydrographic Center grant NA05NOS4001153.
NR 34
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 30
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0143-1161
J9 INT J REMOTE SENS
JI Int. J. Remote Sens.
PD SEP 20
PY 2013
VL 34
IS 18
SI SI
BP 6423
EP 6436
DI 10.1080/01431161.2013.800655
PG 14
WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
GA 174QN
UT WOS:000321170600008
ER
PT J
AU De Jesus, LR
Dennis, RV
Depner, SW
Jaye, C
Fischer, DA
Banerjee, S
AF De Jesus, Luis R.
Dennis, Robert V.
Depner, Sean W.
Jaye, Cherno
Fischer, Daniel A.
Banerjee, Sarbajit
TI Inside and Outside: X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy Mapping of Chemical
Domains in Graphene Oxide
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID FINE-STRUCTURE SPECTROSCOPY; GRAPHITE OXIDE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE;
ATOMIC-STRUCTURE; CLUSTER-ANALYSIS; REDUCTION; SHEETS;
SPECTROMICROSCOPY; MICROSCOPY; STATES
AB The oxidative chemistry of graphite has been investigated for over 150 years and has attracted renewed interest given the importance of exfoliated graphene oxide as a precursor to chemically derived graphene. However, the bond connectivities, steric orientations, and spatial distribution of functional groups remain to be unequivocally determined for this highly inhomogeneous nonstoichiometric material. Here, we demonstrate the application of principal component analysis to scanning transmission X-ray microscopy data for the construction of detailed real space chemical maps of graphene oxide. These chemical maps indicate very distinct functionalization motifs at the edges and interiors and, in conjunction with angle-resolved near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, enable determination of the spatial location and orientations of functional groups. Chemical imaging of graphene oxide provides experimental validation of the modified Lerf-Klinowski structural model. Specifically, we note increased contributions from carboxylic acid moieties at edge sites with epoxide and hydroxyl species dominant within the interior domains.
C1 [De Jesus, Luis R.; Dennis, Robert V.; Depner, Sean W.; Banerjee, Sarbajit] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Chem, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
[Jaye, Cherno; Fischer, Daniel A.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Banerjee, S (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Chem, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
EM sb244@buffalo.edu
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research
Council of Canada; National Research Council Canada; Canadian Institutes
of Health Research; Province of Saskatchewan; Western Economic
Diversification Canada; University of Saskatchewan
FX Certain commercial names are presented in this Letter for purposes of
illustration and do not constitute an endorsement by NIST. We
acknowledge Dr Jian Wang and Dr. Chithra Karunakaran at beam-line 10ID1
of the Canadian Light Source for support and assistance with STXM data
collection. We are furthermore grateful to Dr. Vincent Lee from McMaster
University for helpful discussions. Use of the National Synchrotron
Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. A portion of the
research described in this Letter was performed at the Canadian Light
Source, which is supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering
Research Council of Canada, the National Research Council Canada, the
Canadian Institutes of Health Research, the Province of Saskatchewan,
Western Economic Diversification Canada, and the University of
Saskatchewan.
NR 40
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 26
U2 100
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1948-7185
J9 J PHYS CHEM LETT
JI J. Phys. Chem. Lett.
PD SEP 19
PY 2013
VL 4
IS 18
BP 3144
EP 3151
DI 10.1021/jz401717j
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 294BZ
UT WOS:000330018700020
PM 26705577
ER
PT J
AU Held, IM
AF Held, Isaac M.
TI CLIMATE SCIENCE The cause of the pause
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID PACIFIC DECADAL OSCILLATION; OCEAN HEAT UPTAKE; HIATUS
C1 [Held, Isaac M.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08542 USA.
[Held, Isaac M.] Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Held, IM (reprint author), NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08542 USA.
EM isaac.held@noaa.gov
NR 15
TC 19
Z9 24
U1 4
U2 90
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD SEP 19
PY 2013
VL 501
IS 7467
BP 318
EP 319
PG 2
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 219XT
UT WOS:000324545700024
PM 24048060
ER
PT J
AU Anderson, BM
Spielman, IB
Juzeliunas, G
AF Anderson, Brandon M.
Spielman, I. B.
Juzeliunas, Gediminas
TI Magnetically Generated Spin-Orbit Coupling for Ultracold Atoms
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID NEUTRAL ATOMS; GASES; LATTICE; FIELDS
AB We present a new technique for producing two- and three-dimensional Rashba-type spin-orbit couplings for ultracold atoms without involving light. The method relies on a sequence of pulsed inhomogeneous magnetic fields imprinting suitable phase gradients on the atoms. For sufficiently short pulse durations, the time-averaged Hamiltonian well approximates the Rashba Hamiltonian. Higher order corrections to the energy spectrum are calculated exactly for spin-1/2 and perturbatively for higher spins. The pulse sequence does not modify the form of rotationally symmetric atom-atom interactions. Finally, we present a straightforward implementation of this pulse sequence on an atom chip.
C1 [Anderson, Brandon M.; Spielman, I. B.] Univ Maryland, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Anderson, Brandon M.; Spielman, I. B.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Juzeliunas, Gediminas] Vilnius Univ, Inst Theoret Phys & Astron, LT-01108 Vilnius, Lithuania.
RP Anderson, BM (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM brandona@umd.edu
OI Anderson, Brandon/0000-0001-6895-9902
FU Lithuanian Research Council [MIP-082/2012]; NSF through the Physics
Frontier Center at JQI; ARO with fund from Atomtronics MURI; ARO with
fund from DARPA's OLE Program
FX This work was initiated at the Nordita workshop "Pushing the Boundaries
of Cold Atoms." G. J. acknowledges the financial support by the
Lithuanian Research Council Project No. MIP-082/2012. I. B. S. and B. M.
A. acknowledge the financial support by the NSF through the Physics
Frontier Center at JQI, and the ARO with funds from both the Atomtronics
MURI and DARPA's OLE Program. Helpful discussions with B. Blakie, A.
Eckardt, M. Foss-Feig, S.-C. Gou, H. Pu, J. Ruseckas, L. Santos, V.
Shenoy, U. Schneider, and R. Wilson are gratefully acknowledged.
NR 60
TC 76
Z9 77
U1 8
U2 25
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD SEP 18
PY 2013
VL 111
IS 12
AR 125301
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.125301
PG 6
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 219WS
UT WOS:000324542900008
PM 24093271
ER
PT J
AU Slacum, W
Benaka, L
AF Slacum, Ward
Benaka, Lee
TI AFS Talks Climate Change and Fisheries on Capitol Hill
SO FISHERIES
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Slacum, Ward] Versar, Columbia, MD USA.
[Benaka, Lee] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm Fisheries, Off Sci & Technol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Slacum, W (reprint author), Versar, Columbia, MD USA.
EM Lee.Benaka@noaa.gov
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 4
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0363-2415
EI 1548-8446
J9 FISHERIES
JI Fisheries
PD SEP 17
PY 2013
VL 38
IS 9
BP 393
EP 394
DI 10.1080/03632415.2013.828043
PG 2
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 213GF
UT WOS:000324042600004
ER
PT J
AU Bigford, TE
AF Bigford, Thomas E.
TI Connecting the Habitat Dots: Perceptions and Expectations
SO FISHERIES
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 NOAA, Off Habitat Conservat, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Bigford, TE (reprint author), NOAA, Off Habitat Conservat, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM Thomas.bigford@noaa.gov
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0363-2415
J9 FISHERIES
JI Fisheries
PD SEP 17
PY 2013
VL 38
IS 9
BP 399
EP +
DI 10.1080/03632415.2013.828040
PG 2
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 213GF
UT WOS:000324042600006
ER
PT J
AU Hershberger, P
Rhodes, L
Kurath, G
Winton, J
AF Hershberger, Paul
Rhodes, Linda
Kurath, Gael
Winton, James
TI Infectious Diseases of Fishes in the Salish Sea
SO FISHERIES
LA English
DT Article
ID VIRAL HEMORRHAGIC SEPTICEMIA; BACTERIAL KIDNEY-DISEASE; HEMATOPOIETIC
NECROSIS VIRUS; CLUPEA-HARENGUS-PALLASI; NORTH-AMERICAN STRAIN;
ERYTHROCYTIC NECROSIS; RENIBACTERIUM-SALMONINARUM; BRITISH-COLUMBIA;
CHINOOK SALMON; LAKE-MICHIGAN
AB As in marine regions throughout other areas of the world, fishes in the Salish Sea serve as hosts for many pathogens, including nematodes, trematodes, protozoans, protists, bacteria, viruses, and crustaceans. Here, we review some of the better-documented infectious diseases that likely contribute to significant losses among free-ranging fishes in the Salish Sea and discuss the environmental and ecological factors that may affect the population-level impacts of disease. Demonstration of these diseases and their impacts to critical and endangered resources provides justification to expand pathogen surveillance efforts and to incorporate disease forecasting and mitigation tools into ecosystem restoration efforts.
C1 [Hershberger, Paul] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Marrowstone Marine Field Stn, Nordland, WA 98358 USA.
[Rhodes, Linda] NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA USA.
[Kurath, Gael; Winton, James] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Seattle, WA USA.
RP Hershberger, P (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Marrowstone Marine Field Stn, 616 Marrowstone Point Rd, Nordland, WA 98358 USA.
EM phershberger@usgs.gov
OI Rhodes, Linda/0000-0003-4995-9426
NR 52
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 35
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0363-2415
J9 FISHERIES
JI Fisheries
PD SEP 17
PY 2013
VL 38
IS 9
BP 402
EP 409
DI 10.1080/03632415.2013.826202
PG 8
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 213GF
UT WOS:000324042600008
ER
PT J
AU Lu, X
Chu, XZ
Fuller-Rowell, T
Chang, LR
Fong, WC
Yu, ZB
AF Lu, Xian
Chu, Xinzhao
Fuller-Rowell, Tim
Chang, Loren
Fong, Weichun
Yu, Zhibin
TI Eastward propagating planetary waves with periods of 1-5 days in the
winter Antarctic stratosphere as revealed by MERRA and lidar
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE eastward propagating planetary waves; winter Antarctic stratosphere; jet
instability; Eliassen-Palm flux; Fe Boltzmann lidar; MERRA
ID 4-DAY WAVE; POLAR STRATOSPHERE; LOWER THERMOSPHERE; MIDDLE ATMOSPHERE;
SOUTH-POLE; MESOSPHERE; VARIABILITY; INSTABILITY; DYNAMICS
AB This study presents the first report of planetary wave (PW) influences on significant temperature perturbations (10-20 K) within a course of one day detected by an Fe lidar from 35 to 51 km in the austral winter of 2011 at McMurdo (77.8 degrees S, 166.7 degrees E), Antarctica. Such large temperature perturbations are captured in the Modern Era Retrospective-Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA) data and correspond to various phases of eastward propagating PWs with periods of 1-5days as revealed in MERRA. The strongest PW dominating the temperature perturbations has a period of 4-5days with wavenumber -1. A 2-day wave with wavenumber -2 and a 1.25-day wave with wavenumber -3 also have significant influences. We find that these eastward propagating PWs are highly confined to winter high latitudes, likely because negative refractive indices equatorward of similar to 45 degrees S result in evanescent wave characteristics and prevent the PWs from propagating to lower latitudes. The Eliassen-Palm flux divergence and instability analyses suggest that barotropic/baroclinic instability at 50 degrees S-60 degrees S induced by the stratospheric polar night jet and/or the double-jet structure is the most likely wave source. Such instability in the region poleward of 70 degrees S is a complementary source for the 4-day wave, where we find that the heat flux of the 4-day wave is large and transported from similar to 70 degrees S toward the pole above 40km. This transport direction is likely linked to the meridional gradient of background temperature. The migrating diurnal tide near 78 degrees S in the upper stratosphere is discernable, but significantly smaller than that of the dominant 4-day wave.
C1 [Lu, Xian; Chu, Xinzhao; Fuller-Rowell, Tim; Fong, Weichun; Yu, Zhibin] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Chu, Xinzhao; Fong, Weichun; Yu, Zhibin] Univ Colorado, Dept Aerosp Engn Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Fuller-Rowell, Tim] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.
[Chang, Loren] Natl Cent Univ, Inst Space Sci, Jhongli, Taiwan.
RP Lu, X (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Box 216 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM xian.lu@colorado.edu
RI Lu, Xian/A-2980-2015; Chang, Loren/G-3722-2015; Chu, Xinzhao/I-5670-2015
OI Lu, Xian/0000-0002-2535-8151; Chu, Xinzhao/0000-0001-6147-1963
FU NSF [ANT-0839091]; CIRES Visiting Fellows Program
FX We sincerely acknowledge Wentao Huang, John A. Smith, Zhangjun Wang, Cao
Chen, Brendan R. Roberts, and Chester S. Gardner for their contributions
to the McMurdo lidar campaign. We appreciate Adrian J. McDonald and the
staff of United States Antarctic Program, McMurdo Station, Antarctica
New Zealand, and Scott Base for their support. The McMurdo lidar project
was supported by NSF grant ANT-0839091. X. L. sincerely acknowledges the
generous support of the CIRES Visiting Fellows Program
(http://cires.Colorado.edu/collaboration/fellowships/). MERRA data used
in this study have been provided by the Global Modeling and Assimilation
Office (GMAO) at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center through the NASA GES
DISC online archive.
NR 43
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 9
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD SEP 16
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 17
BP 9565
EP 9578
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50717
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 232JH
UT WOS:000325489300020
ER
PT J
AU Justice, CO
Roman, MO
Csiszar, I
Vermote, EF
Wolfe, RE
Hook, SJ
Friedl, M
Wang, ZS
Schaaf, CB
Miura, T
Tschudi, M
Riggs, G
Hall, DK
Lyapustin, AI
Devadiga, S
Davidson, C
Masuoka, EJ
AF Justice, Christopher O.
Roman, Miguel O.
Csiszar, Ivan
Vermote, Eric F.
Wolfe, Robert E.
Hook, Simon J.
Friedl, Mark
Wang, Zhuosen
Schaaf, Crystal B.
Miura, Tomoaki
Tschudi, Mark
Riggs, George
Hall, Dorothy K.
Lyapustin, Alexei I.
Devadiga, Sadashiva
Davidson, Carol
Masuoka, Edward J.
TI Land and cryosphere products from Suomi NPP VIIRS: Overview and status
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE satellite remote sensing; VIIRS; land surface; infrared; visible; global
change research
ID IMAGING SPECTRORADIOMETER MODIS; SURFACE TEMPERATURE; ALBEDO;
REFLECTANCE; VALIDATION; ALGORITHM; COVER; EMISSIVITY; MODELS; BRDF
AB The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) instrument was launched in October 2011 as part of the Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership (S-NPP). The VIIRS instrument was designed to improve upon the capabilities of the operational Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer and provide observation continuity with NASA's Earth Observing System's Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). Since the VIIRS first-light images were received in November 2011, NASA- and NOAA-funded scientists have been working to evaluate the instrument performance and generate land and cryosphere products to meet the needs of the NOAA operational users and the NASA science community. NOAA's focus has been on refining a suite of operational products known as Environmental Data Records (EDRs), which were developed according to project specifications under the National Polar-Orbiting Environmental Satellite System. The NASA S-NPP Science Team has focused on evaluating the EDRs for science use, developing and testing additional products to meet science data needs, and providing MODIS data product continuity. This paper presents to-date findings of the NASA Science Team's evaluation of the VIIRS land and cryosphere EDRs, specifically Surface Reflectance, Land Surface Temperature, Surface Albedo, Vegetation Indices, Surface Type, Active Fires, Snow Cover, Ice Surface Temperature, and Sea Ice Characterization. The study concludes that, for MODIS data product continuity and earth system science, an enhanced suite of land and cryosphere products and associated data system capabilities are needed beyond the EDRs currently available from the VIIRS.
C1 [Justice, Christopher O.] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, College Pk, MD 20782 USA.
[Roman, Miguel O.; Vermote, Eric F.; Wolfe, Robert E.; Devadiga, Sadashiva; Davidson, Carol; Masuoka, Edward J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Terr Informat Syst Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Csiszar, Ivan] NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD USA.
[Hook, Simon J.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Friedl, Mark] Boston Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Wang, Zhuosen; Schaaf, Crystal B.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Earth & Ocean Sci, Boston, MA 02125 USA.
[Wang, Zhuosen; Schaaf, Crystal B.] Boston Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, Ctr Remote Sensing, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Miura, Tomoaki] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Management, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Tschudi, Mark] Univ Colorado, Colorado Ctr Astrodynam Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Riggs, George] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD USA.
[Riggs, George; Hall, Dorothy K.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Cryospher Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Lyapustin, Alexei I.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Climate & Radiat Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Devadiga, Sadashiva; Davidson, Carol] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Sigma Space Corp, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Justice, CO (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, College Pk, MD 20782 USA.
EM justice@hermes.geog.umd.edu; miguel.o.roman@nasa.gov
RI Csiszar, Ivan/D-2396-2010; Wolfe, Robert/E-1485-2012; Lyapustin,
Alexei/H-9924-2014; Miura, Tomoaki/B-5805-2008; Roman,
Miguel/D-4764-2012
OI Wolfe, Robert/0000-0002-0915-1855; Lyapustin,
Alexei/0000-0003-1105-5739; Roman, Miguel/0000-0003-3953-319X
NR 37
TC 39
Z9 39
U1 4
U2 34
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD SEP 16
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 17
BP 9753
EP 9765
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50771
PG 13
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 232JH
UT WOS:000325489300033
ER
PT J
AU Chatterjee, A
Engelen, RJ
Kawa, SR
Sweeney, C
Michalak, AM
AF Chatterjee, Abhishek
Engelen, Richard J.
Kawa, Stephan R.
Sweeney, Colm
Michalak, Anna M.
TI Background error covariance estimation for atmospheric CO2 data
assimilation
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE background error covariance matrix; variational data assimilation;
atmospheric CO2; spatial and temporal CO2 variations; GOSAT CO2; NMC
method
ID INFRARED SATELLITE RADIANCES; RETRIEVAL ALGORITHM; CARBON-DIOXIDE;
SYSTEM; STATISTICS; TRANSPORT; MODEL; STRATOSPHERE; SINKS; SPECTROMETER
AB In any data assimilation framework, the background error covariance statistics play the critical role of filtering the observed information and determining the quality of the analysis. For atmospheric CO2 data assimilation, however, the background errors cannot be prescribed via traditional forecast or ensemble-based techniques as these fail to account for the uncertainties in the carbon emissions and uptake, or for the errors associated with the CO2 transport model. We propose an approach where the differences between two modeled CO2 concentration fields, based on different but plausible CO2 flux distributions and atmospheric transport models, are used as a proxy for the statistics of the background errors. The resulting error statistics: (1) vary regionally and seasonally to better capture the uncertainty in the background CO2 field, and (2) have a positive impact on the analysis estimates by allowing observations to adjust predictions over large areas. A state-of-the-art four-dimensional variational (4D-VAR) system developed at the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) is used to illustrate the impact of the proposed approach for characterizing background error statistics on atmospheric CO2 concentration estimates. Observations from the Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite IBUKI (GOSAT) are assimilated into the ECMWF 4D-VAR system along with meteorological variables, using both the new error statistics and those based on a traditional forecast-based technique. Evaluation of the four-dimensional CO2 fields against independent CO2 observations confirms that the performance of the data assimilation system improves substantially in the summer, when significant variability and uncertainty in the fluxes are present.
C1 [Chatterjee, Abhishek] Univ Michigan, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Chatterjee, Abhishek; Michalak, Anna M.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Global Ecol, Stanford, CA USA.
[Engelen, Richard J.] European Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, Berks, England.
[Kawa, Stephan R.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Sweeney, Colm] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Sweeney, Colm] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Chatterjee, A (reprint author), NCAR Boulder, Data Assimilat Res Sect, Boulder, CO USA.
EM abhishek@ucar.edu
RI Chatterjee, Abhishek/E-6296-2017
OI Chatterjee, Abhishek/0000-0002-3680-0160
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) [NNX09AO10H,
NNX12AB90G]; European Commission through the MACC [218793]
FX The authors thank Derek Posselt, Peter Adriaens and three anonymous
reviewers for fruitful comments and discussions regarding this work, the
many people at ECMWF who helped build the tracer data assimilation
system, and partners within the GEMS and MACC projects. This work was
supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
through Earth System Science Fellowship for Abhishek Chatterjee, under
grant NNX09AO10H. Additional support was provided through NASA grant
NNX12AB90G. The work of Richard Engelen was funded through the MACC
project, which is funded by the European Commission under the Seventh
Research Framework Programme, contract 218793. The work of Stephan Kawa
was supported through the NASA Carbon Cycle Science and Atmospheric
CO2 Observations from Space opportunities. TCCON data were
obtained from the TCCON Data Archive, operated by the California
Institute of Technology from the website at
http://tccon.ipac.caltech.edu/. Finally, the GOSAT-ACOS data were
produced by the ACOS/OCO-2 project at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory,
California Institute of Technology, and obtained from the ACOS/OCO-2
data archive maintained at the NASA Goddard Earth Science Data and
Information Services Center.
NR 68
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 13
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD SEP 16
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 17
BP 10140
EP 10154
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50654
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 232JH
UT WOS:000325489300005
ER
PT J
AU VandenBoer, TC
Brown, SS
Murphy, JG
Keene, WC
Young, CJ
Pszenny, AAP
Kim, S
Warneke, C
de Gouw, JA
Maben, JR
Wagner, NL
Riedel, TP
Thornton, JA
Wolfe, DE
Dube, WP
Ozturk, F
Brock, CA
Grossberg, N
Lefer, B
Lerner, B
Middlebrook, AM
Roberts, JM
AF VandenBoer, Trevor C.
Brown, Steven S.
Murphy, Jennifer G.
Keene, William C.
Young, Cora J.
Pszenny, A. A. P.
Kim, S.
Warneke, Carsten
de Gouw, Joost A.
Maben, John R.
Wagner, Nicholas L.
Riedel, Theran P.
Thornton, Joel A.
Wolfe, Daniel E.
Dube, William P.
Ozturk, Fatma
Brock, Charles A.
Grossberg, Nicole
Lefer, Barry
Lerner, Brian
Middlebrook, Ann M.
Roberts, James M.
TI Understanding the role of the ground surface in HONO vertical structure:
High resolution vertical profiles during NACHTT-11
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE nitrous acid (HONO); vertical gradients; surface depostion; OH source
ID NITROUS-ACID HONO; DIFFERENTIAL OPTICAL-ABSORPTION; ATMOSPHERIC
BOUNDARY-LAYER; NI-PT-CIMS; URBAN ATMOSPHERE; OH RADICALS; NITRIC-ACID;
HETEROGENEOUS HYDROLYSIS; PHOTOENHANCED UPTAKE; SULFURIC-ACID
AB A negative-ion proton-transfer chemical ionization mass spectrometer was deployed on a mobile tower-mounted platform during Nitrogen, Aerosol Composition, and Halogens on a Tall Tower (NACHTT) to measure nitrous acid (HONO) in the winter of 2011. High resolution vertical profiles revealed (i) HONO gradients in nocturnal boundary layers, (ii) ground surface dominates HONO production by heterogeneous uptake of NO2, (iii) significant quantities of HONO may be deposited to the ground surface at night, (iv) daytime gradients indicative of ground HONO production or emission, and (v) an estimated surface HONO reservoir comparable or larger than integrated daytime HONO surface production. Nocturnal integrated column observations of HONO and NO2 allowed direct evaluation of nocturnal ground surface uptake coefficients for these species (gamma(NO2, surf)=2x10(-6) to 1.6x10(-5) and gamma(HONO, surf)=2x10(-5) to 2x10(-4)). A chemical model showed that the unknown source of HONO was highest in the morning, 4x10(6)moleculescm(-3)s(-1) (600pptvh(-1)), declined throughout the day, and minimized near 1x10(6)moleculescm(-3)s(-1) (165pptvh(-1)). The quantity of surface-deposited HONO was also modeled, showing that HONO deposited to the surface at night was at least 25%, and likely in excess of 100%, of the calculated unknown daytime HONO source. These results suggest that if nocturnally deposited HONO forms a conservative surface reservoir, which can be released the following day, a significant fraction of the daytime HONO source can be explained for the NACHTT observations.
C1 [VandenBoer, Trevor C.; Murphy, Jennifer G.] Univ Toronto, Dept Chem, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada.
[Brown, Steven S.; Young, Cora J.; Warneke, Carsten; de Gouw, Joost A.; Wagner, Nicholas L.; Wolfe, Daniel E.; Dube, William P.; Brock, Charles A.; Lerner, Brian; Middlebrook, Ann M.; Roberts, James M.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Keene, William C.; Maben, John R.] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA.
[Young, Cora J.; Warneke, Carsten; de Gouw, Joost A.; Wagner, Nicholas L.; Wolfe, Daniel E.; Dube, William P.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Pszenny, A. A. P.] Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Riedel, Theran P.; Thornton, Joel A.] Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Ozturk, Fatma] Abant Izzet Baysal Univ, Dept Environm Engn, Bolu, Turkey.
[Grossberg, Nicole; Lefer, Barry] Univ Houston, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Houston, TX USA.
RP VandenBoer, TC (reprint author), Mem Univ Newfoundland, Dept Chem, St John, NF A1B 3X7, Canada.
EM tvandenboer@mun.ca
RI Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015; Warneke, Carsten/E-7174-2010;
Murphy, Jennifer/C-2367-2011; Brown, Steven/I-1762-2013; Wagner,
Nicholas/E-7437-2010; Lefer, Barry/B-5417-2012; VandenBoer,
Trevor/F-1032-2011; Thornton, Joel/C-1142-2009; Lerner,
Brian/H-6556-2013; Roberts, James/A-1082-2009; Young, Cora/A-4551-2010;
Middlebrook, Ann/E-4831-2011; Brock, Charles/G-3406-2011; de Gouw,
Joost/A-9675-2008
OI Lefer, Barry/0000-0001-9520-5495; VandenBoer,
Trevor/0000-0001-8926-4237; Thornton, Joel/0000-0002-5098-4867; Lerner,
Brian/0000-0001-8721-8165; Roberts, James/0000-0002-8485-8172; Young,
Cora/0000-0002-6908-5829; Middlebrook, Ann/0000-0002-2984-6304; Brock,
Charles/0000-0002-4033-4668; de Gouw, Joost/0000-0002-0385-1826
FU NOAA's Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate Program; National Science
Foundation [ANT-1041187, ANT-1041049]; Natural Sciences and Engineering
Research Council of Canada
FX We thank everyone who helped make NACHTT possible and specifically
Gerhard Hubler and Eric Williams for organizing site logistics and the
elevator operation. We acknowledge the use of the Boulder Atmospheric
Observatory (BAO), Bruce Bartram of the NOAA/ESRL Physical Sciences
Division, and Roya Bahreini of NOAA/ESRL Chemical Sciences Division and
CIRES, for their help in conducting the measurements at the BAO. This
work was supported in part by NOAA's Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate
Program. Financial support was also provided by the National Science
Foundation through awards to the University of Virginia (ANT-1041187)
and the University of New Hampshire (ANT-1041049). T. C. VandenBoer
acknowledges funding for this work from the Natural Sciences and
Engineering Research Council of Canada through a Canada Graduate
Scholarship and Michael Smith Foreign Study award.
NR 94
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 10
U2 76
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD SEP 16
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 17
BP 10155
EP 10171
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50721
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 232JH
UT WOS:000325489300001
ER
PT J
AU Li, W
Ni, B
Thorne, RM
Bortnik, J
Green, JC
Kletzing, CA
Kurth, WS
Hospodarsky, GB
AF Li, W.
Ni, B.
Thorne, R. M.
Bortnik, J.
Green, J. C.
Kletzing, C. A.
Kurth, W. S.
Hospodarsky, G. B.
TI Constructing the global distribution of chorus wave intensity using
measurements of electrons by the POES satellites and waves by the Van
Allen Probes
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE chorus distribution; electron precipitation
ID DIFFUSION-COEFFICIENTS; RADIATION BELTS; PITCH-ANGLE; ACCELERATION;
MAGNETOSPHERE; SCATTERING
AB We adopt a physics-based technique to infer chorus wave amplitudes from the low-altitude electron population (30-100keV) measured by multiple Polar Orbiting Environmental Satellites (POES), which provide extensive coverage over a broad region in L-shell and magnetic local time (MLT). This technique is validated by analyzing conjunction events between the Van Allen Probes measuring chorus wave amplitudes near the equator and POES satellites measuring the 30-100keV electron population at the conjugate low altitudes. We apply this technique to construct the chorus wave distributions during the 8-9 October storm in 2012 and demonstrate that the inferred chorus wave amplitudes agree reasonably well with conjugate measurements of chorus wave amplitudes from the Van Allen Probes. The evolution of the chorus wave intensity inferred from low-altitude electron measurements can provide real-time global estimates of the chorus wave intensity, which cannot be obtained from in situ chorus wave measurements by equatorial satellites alone, but is crucial in quantifying radiation belt electron dynamics.
C1 [Li, W.; Ni, B.; Thorne, R. M.; Bortnik, J.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Green, J. C.] NOAA, Natl Geophys Data Ctr, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Kletzing, C. A.; Kurth, W. S.; Hospodarsky, G. B.] Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
RP Li, W (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, 7127 Math Sci Bldg,405 Hilgard Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
EM moonli@atmos.ucla.edu
RI Li, Wen/F-3722-2011;
OI Kletzing, Craig/0000-0002-4136-3348; Kurth, William/0000-0002-5471-6202;
Hospodarsky, George/0000-0001-9200-9878
FU JHU/APL [967399, 921647]; NASA's prime [NAS5-01072]; EMFISIS sub-award
[1001057397:01]; NASA [NNX11AD75G, NNX11AR64G, NNX13AI61G]
FX This work was supported by JHU/APL contracts 967399 and 921647 under
NASA's prime contract NAS5-01072. The analysis at UCLA was supported by
the EMFISIS sub-award 1001057397:01, NASA grants NNX11AD75G, NNX11AR64G,
and NNX13AI61G. We thank the World Data Center for Geomagnetism, Kyoto
for providing SYM-H, AU and AL index used in this study.
NR 39
TC 51
Z9 51
U1 1
U2 11
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD SEP 16
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 17
BP 4526
EP 4532
DI 10.1002/grl.50920
PG 7
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 232JP
UT WOS:000325490300010
ER
PT J
AU McGillen, MR
Fleming, EL
Jackman, CH
Burkholder, JB
AF McGillen, Max R.
Fleming, Eric L.
Jackman, Charles H.
Burkholder, James B.
TI CFCl3 (CFC-11): UV absorption spectrum temperature dependence
measurements and the impact on its atmospheric lifetime and uncertainty
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE ozone depleting substance; photolysis; chlorofluorocarbon; UV cross
section
ID ULTRAVIOLET-ABSORPTION; CROSS-SECTIONS; CHLOROMETHANES; METHANES
AB CFCl3 (CFC-11) is both an atmospheric ozone-depleting and potent greenhouse gas that is removed primarily via stratospheric UV photolysis. Uncertainty in the temperature dependence of its UV absorption spectrum is a significant contributing factor to the overall uncertainty in its global lifetime and, thus, model calculations of stratospheric ozone recovery and climate change. In this work, the CFC-11 UV absorption spectrum was measured over a range of wavelength (184.95-230nm) and temperature (216-296K). We report a spectrum temperature dependence that is less than that currently recommended for use in atmospheric models. The impact on its atmospheric lifetime was quantified using a 2-D model and the spectrum parameterization developed in this work. The calculated global annually averaged lifetime was 58.1 +/- 0.7 years (2 sigma uncertainty due solely to the spectrum uncertainty). The lifetime is slightly reduced and the uncertainty significantly reduced from that obtained using current UV spectrum recommendations.
C1 [McGillen, Max R.; Burkholder, James B.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[McGillen, Max R.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Fleming, Eric L.; Jackman, Charles H.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Fleming, Eric L.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD USA.
RP Burkholder, JB (reprint author), NOAA, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM James.B.Burkholder@noaa.gov
RI McGillen, Max/G-5196-2011; Jackman, Charles/D-4699-2012; Burkholder,
James/H-4914-2013; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015
OI McGillen, Max/0000-0002-1623-5985;
FU NOAAs Climate Goal; NASAs Atmospheric Composition Program Laboratory
FX This work was supported in part by NOAAs Climate Goal and NASAs
Atmospheric Composition Program Laboratory Studies and Modeling and
Analysis Programs.
NR 14
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 13
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD SEP 16
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 17
BP 4772
EP 4776
DI 10.1002/grl.50915
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 232JP
UT WOS:000325490300056
ER
PT J
AU Mathis, JT
Questel, JM
AF Mathis, Jeremy T.
Questel, Jennifer M.
TI Assessing seasonal changes in carbonate parameters across small spatial
gradients in the Northeastern Chukchi Sea
SO CONTINENTAL SHELF RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Western Arctic Ocean; Carbonate system; CO2 fluxes; Ocean acidification
ID WESTERN ARCTIC-OCEAN; DISSOLVED ORGANIC-CARBON; NET COMMUNITY
PRODUCTION; SOUTHEASTERN BERING SEA; CLIMATE-CHANGE; INTERANNUAL
VARIABILITY; ANTHROPOGENIC CO2; INORGANIC CARBON; ACIDIFICATION; WATER
AB Observations of the marine carbonate system were made in 2010 in the northeastern Chukchi Sea to constrain the seasonal progression of carbonate mineral saturation states (Omega) throughout the water column and determine the air sea flux of carbon dioxide (CO2). As sea ice retreats from the Chukchi Shelf, primary production consumes dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in the euphotic zone causing pH and carbonate mineral saturation states to increase. Throughout the summer and early autumn months of 2010, saturation states for calcite and aragonite ranged from 2.5 to 4.0 and 1.5 to 2.5, respectively, well about the saturation horizon of 1.0. Much of the organic matter produced during the bloom was vertically exported from the relatively small study area leading to an uptake of CO2 from the atmosphere of at least 340,000 kg-C. The exported organic matter settled near the bottom and was remineralized back into DIC, causing concentrations to increase sharply, particularly in autumn months, driving down pH to as low as 7.75 and suppressing the concentrations of important carbonate minerals to the point that aragonite became undersaturated. The data showed a definitive seasonal progression of this process with aragonite becoming partially undersaturated along the bottom in September, and broadly undersaturated in October. While carbonate saturation states would naturally be suppressed by the high rates of export production and the accumulation of DIC near the bottom, the penetration of anthropogenic CO2 into the water column (ocean acidification) has caused these observed undersaturations, which will likely expand as CO2 levels in the atmosphere continue to rise in the coming decades. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Mathis, Jeremy T.; Questel, Jennifer M.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Mathis, Jeremy T.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Mathis, JT (reprint author), NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM jeremy.mathis@noaa.gov
FU Conoco Phillips; Shell Exploration and Production; Statoil USA E P
FX We would like to thank Conoco Phillips, Shell Exploration and Production
and Statoil USA E & P for supporting this study. We thank
Olgoonik-Fairweather LLC for their logistic support, the captains and
crew members of the R/V Westward Wind, marine technicians, and Aldrich
Offshore Services. Lab support was provided by Natalie Monacci, Kristen
Shake, Jessica Cross and Stacey Reisdorph.
NR 69
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 3
U2 21
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0278-4343
EI 1873-6955
J9 CONT SHELF RES
JI Cont. Shelf Res.
PD SEP 15
PY 2013
VL 67
SI SI
BP 42
EP 51
DI 10.1016/j.csr.2013.04.041
PG 10
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 265AX
UT WOS:000327923200004
ER
PT J
AU Plant, AL
Parker, GC
AF Plant, Anne L.
Parker, Graham C.
TI Translating Stem Cell Research from the Bench to the Clinic: A Need for
Better Quality Data
SO STEM CELLS AND DEVELOPMENT
LA English
DT Article
AB Stem cell therapies show great medical promise, but few new products have made it into the marketplace. The translation of stem and other cell therapies faces not only challenges associated with research and development, but also the challenges of investment funding and regulatory approval. Regulators and investors alike appear to be voicing the same concerns: they see (1) insufficient high-quality data to provide confidence regarding the claims of medical benefit, (2) an insufficient understanding of the mechanism of action, and (3) a lack of identification of essential characteristics for product release criteria and for assuring reproducibility in manufacturing. The ensuing frustration on the part of researchers and developers may be the result of failure to fully comprehend what is required to assure that confidence.
C1 [Plant, Anne L.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Biosyst & Biomat Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Parker, Graham C.] Childrens Hosp Michigan, Carman & Ann Adams Dept Pediat, Detroit, MI 48201 USA.
RP Plant, AL (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Biosyst & Biomat Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM anne.plant@nist.gov
NR 2
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 5
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1547-3287
EI 1557-8534
J9 STEM CELLS DEV
JI Stem Cells Dev.
PD SEP 15
PY 2013
VL 22
IS 18
BP 2457
EP 2458
DI 10.1089/scd.2013.0188
PG 2
WC Cell & Tissue Engineering; Hematology; Medicine, Research &
Experimental; Transplantation
SC Cell Biology; Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine;
Transplantation
GA 246AF
UT WOS:000326506900001
PM 23597110
ER
PT J
AU Gu, JE
Lee, S
Stafford, CM
Lee, JS
Choi, W
Kim, BY
Baek, KY
Chan, EP
Chung, JY
Bang, J
Lee, JH
AF Gu, Joung-Eun
Lee, Seunghye
Stafford, Christopher M.
Lee, Jong Suk
Choi, Wansuk
Kim, Bo-Young
Baek, Kyung-Youl
Chan, Edwin P.
Chung, Jun Young
Bang, Joona
Lee, Jung-Hyun
TI Molecular Layer-by-Layer Assembled Thin-Film Composite Membranes for
Water Desalination
SO ADVANCED MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE molecular layer-by-layer; polyamide; thin film composite membrane;
reverse osmosis; water desalination
ID NANOFILTRATION MEMBRANES; REVERSE-OSMOSIS; PERMEATION; DEPOSITION
C1 [Gu, Joung-Eun; Choi, Wansuk; Kim, Bo-Young; Baek, Kyung-Youl; Lee, Jung-Hyun] Korea Inst Sci & Technol, Ctr Mat Architecturing, Seoul 136791, South Korea.
[Lee, Seunghye; Choi, Wansuk; Bang, Joona] Korea Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Seoul 136713, South Korea.
[Stafford, Christopher M.; Chan, Edwin P.] NIST, Div Engn & Mat Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Lee, Jong Suk] Korea Inst Sci & Technol, Green City Technol Inst, Seoul 136791, South Korea.
[Chung, Jun Young] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Chan, EP (reprint author), NIST, Div Engn & Mat Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM edwin.chan@nist.gov; jchung@seas.harvard.edu; joona@korea.ac.kr;
leejhy@kist.re.kr
RI Lee, Jung-Hyun/H-1096-2011; Bang, Joona/F-6589-2013
FU KIST [2E23900, 2E23430, 2E23952]; Industrial Strategic Technology
Development Program [10035373]; Ministry of Knowledge Economy, Republic
of Korea; Korean Government (MOEHRD) [2012-014473]; Human Resources
Development Program of KETEP [20114010203050]
FX This work was supported by the KIST Institutional Programs (Project No.
2E23900, 2E23430, 2E23952) and partially supported by the Industrial
Strategic Technology Development Program (10035373) funded by the
Ministry of Knowledge Economy, Republic of Korea. S.L and J.B.
acknowledge the support by the Korean Government (MOEHRD) (2012-014473),
and also by the Human Resources Development Program of KETEP grant (No.
20114010203050). Official contribution of the National Institute of
Standards and Technology.
NR 17
TC 38
Z9 38
U1 19
U2 157
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 0935-9648
EI 1521-4095
J9 ADV MATER
JI Adv. Mater.
PD SEP 14
PY 2013
VL 25
IS 34
BP 4778
EP 4782
DI 10.1002/adma.201302030
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 261VG
UT WOS:000327692100021
PM 23847127
ER
PT J
AU Li, Z
Yang, DW
Hong, Y
AF Li, Zhe
Yang, Dawen
Hong, Yang
TI Multi-scale evaluation of high-resolution multi-sensor blended global
precipitation products over the Yangtze River
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Satellite precipitation; Statistical evaluation; Error characteristics;
Yangtze River
ID RAIN-GAUGE OBSERVATIONS; ANALYSIS TMPA; SATELLITE; SYSTEM; MODEL;
VALIDATION; MICROWAVE; NETWORK; SCALES; CMORPH
AB In the present study, four high-resolution multi-sensor blended precipitation products, TRMM Multisatellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA) research product (3B42 V7) and near real-time product (3B42 RT), Climate Prediction Center MORPHing technique (CMORPH) and Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information using Artificial Neural Networks (PERSIANN), are evaluated over the Yangtze River basin from April 2008 to March 2012 using the gauge data. This regional evaluation is performed at temporal scales ranging from annual to daily, based on a number of diagnostic statistics. Gauge adjustment greatly reduces the bias in 3B42 V7, a post real-time research product. Additionally, it helps the product maintain a stable skill level in winter. When additional indicators such as spatial correlation, Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and Probability of Detection (POD) are considered, 3B42 V7 is not always superior to other products (especially CMORPH) at the daily scale. Among the near real-time datasets, 3B42 RT overestimates annual rainfall over the basin; CMORPH and PERSIANN underestimate it. In particular, the upper Yangtze always suffers from positive bias (>1 mm day(-1)) in the 3B42 RT dataset and negative bias (-0.2 to 1 mm day-1) in the CMORPH dataset. When seasonal scales are considered, CMORPH exhibits negative bias, mainly introduced during cold periods. The correlation between CMORPH and gauge data is the highest. On the contrary, the correlation between 3B42 RT and gauge data is more scattered; statistically, this results in lower bias. Finally, investigation of the probability distribution functions (PDFs) suggests that 3B42 V7 and 3842 RT are consistently better at retrieving the PDFs in high-intensity events. Overall, this study provides useful information about the error characteristics associated with the four mainstream satellite precipitation products and their implications regarding hydrological applications over the Yangtze River basin. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Li, Zhe; Yang, Dawen] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Hydraul Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
[Hong, Yang] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Civil Engn & Environm Sci, Hydrometeorol & Remote Sensing Lab, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Hong, Yang] Natl Weather Ctr, Adv Radar Res Ctr, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
RP Yang, DW (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Dept Hydraul Engn, Room 312,New Hydraul Engn Bldg, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
EM yangdw@tsinghua.edu.cn
RI Hong, Yang/D-5132-2009
OI Hong, Yang/0000-0001-8720-242X
FU National Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholar 51025931
[51025931]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [50939004];
Tsinghua Scholarship for Overseas Graduate Studies
FX This research was supported by the National Natural Science Funds for
Distinguished Young Scholar (Project No. 51025931) and the National
Natural Science Foundation of China (Project No. 50939004). The first
author was also partially supported by Tsinghua Scholarship for Overseas
Graduate Studies. The first author would like to thank the HyDROS Lab
(HyDRometeorology and RemOte Sensing Laboratory: http://hydro.ou.edu) at
the National Weather Center, Norman, OK for their support during his
visiting, and also acknowledge Robert Clark for his useful comments and
language editing which have greatly improved this manuscript. The
authors wish to thank Dr. Bellie Sivakumar and other two anonymous
reviewers for their valuable comments.
NR 39
TC 28
Z9 33
U1 2
U2 49
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD SEP 13
PY 2013
VL 500
BP 157
EP 169
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.07.023
PG 13
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA 220DR
UT WOS:000324562700014
ER
PT J
AU Hinkley, N
Sherman, JA
Phillips, NB
Schioppo, M
Lemke, ND
Beloy, K
Pizzocaro, M
Oates, CW
Ludlow, AD
AF Hinkley, N.
Sherman, J. A.
Phillips, N. B.
Schioppo, M.
Lemke, N. D.
Beloy, K.
Pizzocaro, M.
Oates, C. W.
Ludlow, A. D.
TI An Atomic Clock with 10(-18) Instability
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID OPTICAL CLOCKS; FREQUENCY STABILITY; METROLOGY; TIME; STANDARDS; NOISE
AB Atomic clocks have been instrumental in science and technology, leading to innovations such as global positioning, advanced communications, and tests of fundamental constant variation. Timekeeping precision at 1 part in 10(18) enables new timing applications in relativistic geodesy, enhanced Earth- and space-based navigation and telescopy, and new tests of physics beyond the standard model. Here, we describe the development and operation of two optical lattice clocks, both using spin-polarized, ultracold atomic ytterbium. A measurement comparing these systems demonstrates an unprecedented atomic clock instability of 1.6 x 10(-18) after only 7 hours of averaging.
C1 [Hinkley, N.; Sherman, J. A.; Phillips, N. B.; Schioppo, M.; Lemke, N. D.; Beloy, K.; Pizzocaro, M.; Oates, C. W.; Ludlow, A. D.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Hinkley, N.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Pizzocaro, M.] Inst Nazl Ric Metrol, I-10135 Turin, Italy.
[Pizzocaro, M.] Politecn Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy.
RP Ludlow, AD (reprint author), NIST, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM ludlow@boulder.nist.gov
RI Lemke, Nathan/L-9059-2013
OI Lemke, Nathan/0000-0003-4165-0715
FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency Quantum Assisted Sensing and
Readout program; NASA Fundamental Physics; NIST
FX We thank the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency Quantum Assisted
Sensing and Readout program, NASA Fundamental Physics, and NIST for
financial support; D. Hume for experimental assistance; and T. Fortier
and S. Diddams for femtosecond optical frequency comb measurements.
NR 29
TC 308
Z9 317
U1 13
U2 115
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD SEP 13
PY 2013
VL 341
IS 6151
BP 1215
EP 1218
DI 10.1126/science.1240420
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 215ZA
UT WOS:000324248800036
PM 23970562
ER
PT J
AU Pinsky, ML
Worm, B
Fogarty, MJ
Sarmiento, JL
Levin, SA
AF Pinsky, Malin L.
Worm, Boris
Fogarty, Michael J.
Sarmiento, Jorge L.
Levin, Simon A.
TI Marine Taxa Track Local Climate Velocities
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID RANGE SHIFTS; IMPACTS
AB Organisms are expected to adapt or move in response to climate change, but observed distribution shifts span a wide range of directions and rates. Explanations often emphasize biological distinctions among species, but general mechanisms have been elusive. We tested an alternative hypothesis: that differences in climate velocity-the rate and direction that climate shifts across the landscape-can explain observed species shifts. We compiled a database of coastal surveys around North America from 1968 to 2011, sampling 128 million individuals across 360 marine taxa. Climate velocity explained the magnitude and direction of shifts in latitude and depth much more effectively than did species characteristics. Our results demonstrate that marine species shift at different rates and directions because they closely track the complex mosaic of local climate velocities.
C1 [Pinsky, Malin L.; Levin, Simon A.] Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Pinsky, Malin L.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Nat Resources, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[Pinsky, Malin L.] Rutgers State Univ, Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[Worm, Boris] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Biol, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada.
[Fogarty, Michael J.] Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02453 USA.
[Sarmiento, Jorge L.] Princeton Univ, Atmospher & Ocean Sci Program, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Pinsky, ML (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
EM malin.pinsky@rutgers.edu
RI Pinsky, Malin/K-2884-2015
OI Pinsky, Malin/0000-0002-8523-8952
FU David H. Smith Conservation Research Fellowship; Natural Sciences and
Engineering Research Council of Canada; Nippon Foundation-University of
British Columbia Nereus Program; NSF
FX We thank H. Benoit, B. Brodie, D. Clark, L. Col, J. Hare, B. Horness, R.
Lauth, M. McClure, N. Peaks, J. Pearl, J. Rester, and M. Wilkins for
assistance with data; C. Beaulieu, P. Kareiva, R. Rykaczewski, A. Smith,
C. Stock, and J. Watson for helpful conversations; and M. Tingley, O.
Jensen, and K. Hunter-Thomson for comments on the manuscript. Funding
was provided by a David H. Smith Conservation Research Fellowship
(M.L.P.), the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of
Canada (B.W.), the Nippon Foundation-University of British Columbia
Nereus Program (J.L.S.), and NSF (S.A.L.). M.L.P. designed the study;
M.L.P. and M.J.F. assembled the data; M.L.P., B.W., and M.J.F. analyzed
the data; and M.L.P. and B.W. wrote the paper. S.A.L. and J.L.S.
supervised the project. Locations of source data used in our analysis
can be found in the supplementary materials.
NR 20
TC 166
Z9 168
U1 15
U2 174
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD SEP 13
PY 2013
VL 341
IS 6151
BP 1239
EP 1242
DI 10.1126/science.1239352
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 215ZA
UT WOS:000324248800043
PM 24031017
ER
PT J
AU Cohen, HB
Briggs, KT
Marino, JP
Ravid, K
Robson, SC
Mosser, DM
AF Cohen, Heather B.
Briggs, Katharine T.
Marino, John P.
Ravid, Katya
Robson, Simon C.
Mosser, David M.
TI TLR stimulation initiates a CD39-based autoregulatory mechanism that
limits macrophage inflammatory responses
SO BLOOD
LA English
DT Article
ID NITRIC-OXIDE PRODUCTION; ALTERNATIVE ACTIVATION; ADENOSINE RECEPTORS;
ATP-DIPHOSPHOHYDROLASE; EXTRACELLULAR ATP; SEVERE SEPSIS; RELEASE;
PANNEXIN-1; 2-DEOXYGLUCOSE; EPIDEMIOLOGY
AB Sepsis is a highly fatal disease caused by an initial hyperinflammatory response followed by a state of profound immunosuppression. Although it is well appreciated that the initial production of proinflammatory cytokines by macrophages accompanies the onset of sepsis, it remains unclear what causes the transition to an immunosuppressive state. In this study, we reveal that macrophages themselves are key regulators of this transition and that the surface enzyme CD39 plays a critical role in self-limiting the activation process. We demonstrate that Toll-like receptor (TLR)-stimulated macrophages modulate their activation state by increasing the synthesis and secretion of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). This endogenous ATP is paradoxically immunosuppressive due to its rapid catabolism into adenosine by CD39. Macrophages lacking CD39 are unable to transition to a regulatory state and consequently continue to produce inflammatory cytokines. The importance of this transition is demonstrated in a mouse model of sepsis, where small numbers of CD39-deficient macrophages were sufficient to induce lethal endotoxic shock. Thus, these data implicate CD39 as a key "molecular switch" that allows macrophages to self-limit their activation state. We propose that therapeutics targeting the release and hydrolysis of ATP by macrophages may represent new ways to treat inflammatory diseases.
C1 [Cohen, Heather B.; Mosser, David M.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mol Genet & Cell Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Cohen, Heather B.; Mosser, David M.] Maryland Pathogen Res Inst, College Pk, MD USA.
[Briggs, Katharine T.; Marino, John P.] Inst Biosci & Biotechnol Res, Rockville, MD USA.
[Marino, John P.] NIST, Rockville, MD USA.
[Ravid, Katya] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem, Boston, MA 02118 USA.
[Robson, Simon C.] Harvard Univ, Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
RP Mosser, DM (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Mol Genet & Cell Biol, Room 3102 Biosci Res Bldg, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM dmosser@umd.edu
RI Mosser, David/I-6697-2016;
OI Mosser, David/0000-0002-9503-4187; Ravid, Katya/0000-0002-9918-3024
FU National Institutes of Health, National Institute of General Medical
Sciences [R01 GM102589]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious
Disease [T32-A1089621]
FX This work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of
Health, National Institute of General Medical Sciences (grant R01
GM102589) (D. M. M.) and the National Institute of Allergy and
Infectious Disease (training grant T32-A1089621) (H.B.C.).
NR 61
TC 34
Z9 34
U1 0
U2 13
PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2021 L ST NW, SUITE 900, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0006-4971
J9 BLOOD
JI Blood
PD SEP 12
PY 2013
VL 122
IS 11
BP 1935
EP 1945
DI 10.1182/blood-2013-04-496216
PG 11
WC Hematology
SC Hematology
GA 220GN
UT WOS:000324570900017
PM 23908469
ER
PT J
AU Paul, S
Tiesinga, E
AF Paul, Saurabh
Tiesinga, Eite
TI Formation and decay of Bose-Einstein condensates in an excited band of a
double-well optical lattice
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID GAS; ATOMS
AB We study the formation and collision-aided decay of an ultracold atomic Bose-Einstein condensate in the first excited band of a double-well two-dimensional optical lattice with weak harmonic confinement in the perpendicular z direction. This lattice geometry is based on an experiment by Wirth et al. [Nat. Phys. 7, 147 (2010)]. The double well is asymmetric, with the local ground state in the shallow well nearly degenerate with the first excited state of the adjacent deep well. We compare the band structure obtained from a tight-binding model with that obtained numerically using a plane-wave basis. We find the tight-binding model to be in quantitative agreement for the lowest two bands, in qualitative agreement for the next two bands, and inadequate for even higher excited bands. The bandwidths of the excited bands are much larger than the harmonic-oscillator energy spacing in the z direction. We then study the thermodynamics of a noninteracting Bose gas in the first excited band. We estimate the condensate fraction and critical temperature T-c as functions of the lattice parameters. For typical atom numbers, the critical energy k(B)T(c), with k(B) the Boltzmann constant, is larger than the excited bandwidths and harmonic-oscillator energy. Using conservation of total energy and atom number, we show that the temperature increases after the lattice transformation. Finally, we estimate the time scale for a two-body collision-aided decay of the condensate as a function of the lattice parameters. The decay involves two processes, the dominant one in which both colliding atoms decay to the ground band, and the second involving excitation of one atom to a higher band. For this estimate, we have used tight-binding wave functions for the lowest four bands and numerical estimates for higher bands. The decay rate rapidly increases with lattice depth, but close to the critical temperature, it stays smaller than the tunneling rate between the s and p orbitals in adjacent wells.
C1 [Paul, Saurabh] Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Paul, Saurabh] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Tiesinga, Eite] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Tiesinga, Eite] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Paul, S (reprint author), Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
NR 28
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD SEP 12
PY 2013
VL 88
IS 3
AR 033615
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.88.033615
PG 11
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 215TY
UT WOS:000324234700005
ER
PT J
AU Skedung, L
Arvidsson, M
Chung, JY
Stafford, CM
Berglund, B
Rutland, MW
AF Skedung, Lisa
Arvidsson, Martin
Chung, Jun Young
Stafford, Christopher M.
Berglund, Birgitta
Rutland, Mark W.
TI Feeling Small: Exploring the Tactile Perception Limits
SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES; TEXTURE-PERCEPTION; FINGER FRICTION;
SURFACE-TEXTURE; THIN-FILMS; TOUCH; DISCRIMINATION; EXPLORATION;
MECHANISMS; VIBRATIONS
AB The human finger is exquisitely sensitive in perceiving different materials, but the question remains as to what length scales are capable of being distinguished in active touch. We combine material science with psychophysics to manufacture and haptically explore a series of topographically patterned surfaces of controlled wavelength, but identical chemistry. Strain-induced surface wrinkling and subsequent templating produced 16 surfaces with wrinkle wavelengths ranging from 300 nm to 90 mu m and amplitudes between 7 nm and 4.5 mu m. Perceived similarities of these surfaces (and two blanks) were pairwise scaled by participants, and interdistances among all stimuli were determined by individual differences scaling (INDSCAL). The tactile space thus generated and its two perceptual dimensions were directly linked to surface physical properties - the finger friction coefficient and the wrinkle wavelength. Finally, the lowest amplitude of the wrinkles so distinguished was approximately 10 nm, demonstrating that human tactile discrimination extends to the nanoscale.
C1 [Skedung, Lisa; Rutland, Mark W.] KTH Royal Inst Technol, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Arvidsson, Martin; Berglund, Birgitta] Stockholm Univ, Dept Psychol, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Chung, Jun Young; Stafford, Christopher M.] NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Berglund, Birgitta] Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Rutland, Mark W.] SP Tech Res Inst Sweden, SE-11486 Stockholm, Sweden.
RP Rutland, MW (reprint author), KTH Royal Inst Technol, Drottning Kristinasvag 51, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
EM mark@kth.se
RI Rutland, Mark/F-8890-2012
OI Rutland, Mark/0000-0002-8935-8070
FU CODIRECT - the Controlled Delivery and Release Centre at YKI Institute
for Surface Chemistry; Vinnova; Knowledge Foundation; Swedish Research
Council; Foundation for Strategic Research (SSF); EU
FX We acknowledge financing from CODIRECT - the Controlled Delivery and
Release Centre at YKI Institute for Surface Chemistry - financed by
Vinnova and the Knowledge Foundation. M. W. R. acknowledges support from
the Swedish Research Council and the Foundation for Strategic Research
(SSF) through programs Biomime (TM) and Microstructure for Friction and
Corrosion Control. B. B. acknowledges support from the EU FP6 NEST
Pathfinder project MINET-Measuring the Impossible.
NR 40
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 3
U2 46
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2045-2322
J9 SCI REP-UK
JI Sci Rep
PD SEP 12
PY 2013
VL 3
AR 2617
DI 10.1038/srep02617
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 215RS
UT WOS:000324228600001
PM 24030568
ER
PT J
AU Kennedy, RD
Krungleviciute, V
Clingerman, DJ
Mondloch, JE
Peng, Y
Wilmer, CE
Sarjeant, AA
Snurr, RQ
Hupp, JT
Yildirim, T
Farha, OK
Mirkin, CA
AF Kennedy, Robert D.
Krungleviciute, Vaiva
Clingerman, Daniel J.
Mondloch, Joseph E.
Peng, Yang
Wilmer, Christopher E.
Sarjeant, Amy A.
Snurr, Randall Q.
Hupp, Joseph T.
Yildirim, Taner
Farha, Omar K.
Mirkin, Chad A.
TI Carborane-Based Metal-Organic Framework with High Methane and Hydrogen
Storage Capacities
SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE carborane; boron; MOF; metal-organic framework; coordination polymer;
porous; hydrogen; methane
ID HIGH H-2 ADSORPTION; POROUS MATERIALS; SURFACE-AREA; CHEMISTRY; SITES;
DERIVATIVES; POROSITY; DESIGN; GASES; SCALE
AB A Cu-carborane-based metal organic framework (MOF), NU-135, which contains a quasi-spherical para-carborane moiety, has been synthesized and characterized. NU-135 exhibits a pore volume of 1.02 cm(3)/g and a gravimetric BET surface area of ca. 2600 m(2)/g, and thus represents the first highly porous carborane-based MOF. As a consequence of the, unique geometry of the carborane unit, NU-135 has a very high volumetric BET surface area of ca. 1900 m(2)/cm(3). CH4, CO2, and H-2 adsorption isotherms were measured over a broad range of pressures and temperatures and are in good agreement with computational predictions. The methane storage capacity of NU-135 at 35 bar and 298 K is ca. 187 v(STP)/v. At 298 K, the pressure required to achieve a methane storage density comparable to that of a compressed natural gas (CNG) tank pressurized to 212 bar, which is a typical storage pressure, is only 65 bar. The methane working capacity (5-65 bar) is 170 v(STP)/v. The volumetric hydrogen storage capacity at 55 bar and 77 K is 49 g/L. These properties are comparable to those of current record holders in the area of methane and hydrogen storage. This initial example lays the groundwork for carborane-based materials with high surface areas.
C1 [Kennedy, Robert D.; Clingerman, Daniel J.; Mondloch, Joseph E.; Sarjeant, Amy A.; Hupp, Joseph T.; Yildirim, Taner; Farha, Omar K.; Mirkin, Chad A.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Kennedy, Robert D.; Clingerman, Daniel J.; Mondloch, Joseph E.; Sarjeant, Amy A.; Hupp, Joseph T.; Yildirim, Taner; Farha, Omar K.; Mirkin, Chad A.] Northwestern Univ, Int Inst Nanotechnol, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Wilmer, Christopher E.; Snurr, Randall Q.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Krungleviciute, Vaiva; Peng, Yang; Yildirim, Taner] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Krungleviciute, Vaiva; Peng, Yang; Yildirim, Taner] Univ Penn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
RP Yildirim, T (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM taner@seas.upenn.edu; o-farha@northwestern.edu;
chadnano@northwestern.edu
RI Snurr, Randall/B-6699-2009; Mirkin, Chad/E-3911-2010; yildirim,
taner/A-1290-2009
FU DoD/NSSEFF/NPS [N00244-09-1-0012, N00244-09-1-0071]; U.S. Army Award
[W911NF-11-1-0229]; NSF [CHE-1149314]
FX CAM, acknowledges support from DoD/NSSEFF/NPS Awards N00244-09-1-0012
and N00244-09-1-0071, U.S. Army Award W911NF-11-1-0229, NSF award
CHE-1149314, Department of the Navy/ONR award N00014-11-1-0729, and the
NERC/EFRC DOE/Office of Science/Office of Basic Energy Sciences Award
DE-SC0000989. 0.K.F., J.T.H., and R.QS. thank DOE ARPA-E, and the
Stanford Global Climate and Energy Project for support of work relevant
to methane, and CO2, respectively. T.Y. acknowledges support by the U.S.
Department of Energy through BES Grant DE-FG0208ER46522. C.E.W.
gratefully acknowledges support from a Ryan Fellowship from the
Northwestern University International Institute for Nanotechnology. JEM
is supported by a DOE EERE postdoctoral research award under DOE
Contract DE-ACO5-060R23100. Computational work was supported through the
resources provided by Information Technology at Northwestern University
as part of its shared cluster program, Quest.
NR 40
TC 38
Z9 39
U1 4
U2 74
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0897-4756
EI 1520-5002
J9 CHEM MATER
JI Chem. Mat.
PD SEP 10
PY 2013
VL 25
IS 17
BP 3539
EP 3543
DI 10.1021/cm4020942
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 295DX
UT WOS:000330097900018
ER
PT J
AU Pesek, SL
Li, XY
Hammouda, B
Hong, KL
Verduzco, R
AF Pesek, Stacy L.
Li, Xianyu
Hammouda, Boualem
Hong, Kunlun
Verduzco, Rafael
TI Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Analysis of Bottlebrush Polymers Prepared
via Grafting-Through Polymerization
SO MACROMOLECULES
LA English
DT Article
ID SIDE-CHAIN LENGTH; MOLECULAR BRUSHES; CYLINDRICAL BRUSHES; ONE-POT;
ROMP; CONFORMATION; SHELL; CORE; MACROMOLECULES; NANOPARTICLES
AB Bottlebrush polymers are highly branched macromolecules with potential applications in antifouling coatings, rheological modifiers, and drug delivery systems. However, the solution conformation of bottlebrush polymers has been studied in only a limited set of materials made primarily by grafting-from polymerization. Here we present small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) measurements on a Series of polystyrene bottlebrush polymers with varying side-chain and backbone lengths in d(8)-toluene to analyze their size, shape, and conformation. Bottlebrush polymers with 2-7 kg mol(-1) polystyrene side chains (degree of polymerization DP = 14-54) and poly(oxanorbornene) backbones (DP = 10-264) were synthesized using reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) followed by a ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) grafting-through synthesis scheme. Analysis by Guinier-Porod, rigid cylinder, and flexible cylinder models provided estimates of the bottlebrush polymer length, radius, and stiffness. The bottlebrush polymer cross-sectional area depends primarily on side-chain DP, and the radius of gyration R-g exhibits a power-law dependence with side-chain DP. We also observe a sphere-to-cylinder transition with increasing backbone DP, with the transition occurring at a backbone DP of approximately 120 for the polystyrene bottlebrush polymers studied. The maximum molecular dimension for the series studied varies from 25 to 350 nm.
C1 [Pesek, Stacy L.; Li, Xianyu; Verduzco, Rafael] Rice Univ, Chem & Biomol Engn Dept, Houston, TX 77251 USA.
[Hammouda, Boualem] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Hong, Kunlun] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Verduzco, R (reprint author), Rice Univ, Chem & Biomol Engn Dept, Houston, TX 77251 USA.
EM rafaelV@rice.edu
RI Li, Xianyu/J-4889-2014; Hong, Kunlun/E-9787-2015
OI Hong, Kunlun/0000-0002-2852-5111
FU ACS Petroleum Research Fund [52345-DN17]; Welch Foundation for Chemical
Research [C-1750]; National Science Foundation Graduate Research Program
[0940902]; National Science Foundation [DMR-0944772]; Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy; Louis and Peaches Owen
FX This work was supported by the ACS Petroleum Research Fund (52345-DN17)
and the Welch Foundation for Chemical Research (grant no. C-1750).
S.L.P. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation
Graduate Research Program (grant no. 0940902). We acknowledge SANS beam
time Obtained from the NIST Center for Neutron Research (U.S. Department
of Commerce), which is supported in part by the National Science
Foundation under agreement no. DMR-0944772. The identification of
commercial products does not imply endorsement by the National Institute
of Standards and Technology nor does it imply that these are the best
for the purpose. Part of this research was conducted at the Center for
Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is sponsored at Oak Ridge National
Laboratory by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of
Energy. We acknowledge support from Louis and Peaches Owen.
NR 40
TC 27
Z9 28
U1 11
U2 55
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0024-9297
EI 1520-5835
J9 MACROMOLECULES
JI Macromolecules
PD SEP 10
PY 2013
VL 46
IS 17
BP 6998
EP 7005
DI 10.1021/ma401246b
PG 8
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 295WA
UT WOS:000330145900034
ER
PT J
AU Tsai, DH
DelRio, FW
Pettibone, JM
Lin, PA
Tan, JJ
Zachariah, MR
Hackley, VA
AF Tsai, De-Hao
DelRio, Frank W.
Pettibone, John M.
Lin, Pin-Ann
Tan, Jiaojie
Zachariah, Michael R.
Hackley, Vincent A.
TI Temperature-Programmed Electrospray-Differential Mobility Analysis for
Characterization of Ligated Nanoparticles in Complex Media
SO LANGMUIR
LA English
DT Article
ID GOLD NANOPARTICLES; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ICP-MS; AGGREGATION; PROTEINS;
CLUSTERS; SHAPE
AB An electrospray-differential mobility analyzer (ES-DMA) was operated with an aerosol flow-mode, temperature-programmed approach to enhance its ability to characterize the particle size distributions (PSDs) of nanoscale particles (NPs) in the presence of adsorbed and free ligands. Titanium dioxide NPs (TiO2-NPs) stabilized by citric acid (CA) or bovine serum albumin (BSA) were utilized as representative systems. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry were used to provide visual information and elemental based PSDs, respectively. Results show that the interference resulting from electrospray-dried nonvolatile salt residual nanoscale particles (S NPs) could be effectively reduced using the thermal treatment process: PSDs were accurately measured at temperatures above 200 degrees C for CA-stabilized TiO2-NPs and above 400 degrees C for BSA-stabilized TiO2-NPs. Moreover, TEM confirmed the volumetric shrinkage of S-NPs due to thermal treatment and also showed that the primary structure of TiO2-NPs was relatively stable over the temperature range studied (i.e., below 700 degrees C). Conversely, the shape factor for TiO2-NPs decreased after treatment above 500 degrees C, possibly due to a change in the secondary (aggregate) structure. S-NPs from BSA stabilized TiO2-NPs exhibited higher global activation energies toward induced volumetric shrinkage than those of CA-stabilized TiO2-NPs, suggesting that activation energy is dependent on ligand size. This prototype study demonstrates the efficacy of using ES-DMA coupled with thermal treatment for characterizing the physical state of NPs, even in a complex medium (e.g., containing plasma proteins) and in the presence of particle agglomerates induced by interaction with binding ligands.
C1 [Tsai, De-Hao; DelRio, Frank W.; Pettibone, John M.; Tan, Jiaojie; Hackley, Vincent A.] NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Lin, Pin-Ann] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Zachariah, Michael R.] NIST, Div Chem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Tan, Jiaojie] Univ Maryland, Dept Mech Engn, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Tan, Jiaojie] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Hackley, VA (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM vince.hackley@nist.gov
NR 40
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 3
U2 25
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0743-7463
J9 LANGMUIR
JI Langmuir
PD SEP 10
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 36
BP 11267
EP 11274
DI 10.1021/la402311c
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 294WZ
UT WOS:000330079900009
PM 23937656
ER
PT J
AU Qin, J
Silver, RM
Barnes, BM
Zhou, H
Goasmat, F
AF Qin, Jing
Silver, Richard M.
Barnes, Bryan M.
Zhou, Hui
Goasmat, Francois
TI Fourier domain optical tool normalization for quantitative parametric
image reconstruction
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID METROLOGY
AB There has been much recent work in developing advanced optical metrology methods that use imaging optics for critical dimension measurements and defect detection. Sensitivity to nanometer-scale changes has been observed when measuring critical dimensions of subwavelength 20 nm features or when imaging defects below 15 nm using angle-resolved and focus-resolved optical data. However, these methods inherently involve complex imaging optics and analysis of complicated three-dimensional electromagnetic fields. This paper develops a new approach to enable the rigorous analysis of three-dimensional, through-focus, or angle-resolved optical images. We use rigorous electromagnetic simulation with enhanced Fourier optical techniques, an approach to optical tool normalization, and statistical methods to evaluate sensitivities and uncertainties in the measurement of subwavelength three-dimensional structures. (c) 2013 Optical Society of America
C1 [Qin, Jing; Silver, Richard M.; Barnes, Bryan M.; Zhou, Hui; Goasmat, Francois] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Phys Measurement Lab, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Qin, J (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Phys Measurement Lab, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, 100 Bur Dr MS 8212, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jing.qin@nist.gov
NR 15
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 2
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD SEP 10
PY 2013
VL 52
IS 26
BP 6512
EP 6522
DI 10.1364/AO.52.006512
PG 11
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 216VK
UT WOS:000324313200012
PM 24085127
ER
PT J
AU Chu, W
Thompson, RM
Song, J
Vorburger, TV
AF Chu, Wei
Thompson, Robert M.
Song, John
Vorburger, Theodore V.
TI Automatic identification of bullet signatures based on consecutive
matching striae (CMS) criteria
SO FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Forensic science; Toolmark identification; Consecutive matching striae
(CMS); Topography measurement; Feature profile; Identification criteria
ID FIRED BULLETS; TOPOGRAPHY
AB The consecutive matching striae (CMS) numeric criteria for firearm and toolmark identifications have been widely accepted by forensic examiners, although there have been questions concerning its observer subjectivity and limited statistical support. In this paper, based on signal processing and extraction, a model for the automatic and objective counting of CMS is proposed. The position and shape information of the striae on the bullet land is represented by a feature profile, which is used for determining the CMS number automatically. Rapid counting of CMS number provides a basis for ballistics correlations with large databases and further statistical and probability analysis. Experimental results in this report using bullets fired from ten consecutively manufactured barrels support this developed model. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
C1 [Chu, Wei; Thompson, Robert M.; Song, John; Vorburger, Theodore V.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Chu, W (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM wei.chu@nist.gov
FU National Institute of Justice (NIJ) through the Office of Law
Enforcement Standards (OLES) at NIST
FX The funding for this research is provided by the National Institute of
Justice (NIJ) through the Office of Law Enforcement Standards (OLES) at
NIST. The authors are grateful to K Gerber of ATF Forensic Science
Laboratory for providing the set of bullets tested in the study and to J
Hamby of International Forensic Science Laboratory & Training Centre for
helpful discussion.
NR 20
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 26
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0379-0738
J9 FORENSIC SCI INT
JI Forensic Sci.Int.
PD SEP 10
PY 2013
VL 231
IS 1-3
BP 137
EP 141
DI 10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.04.025
PG 5
WC Medicine, Legal
SC Legal Medicine
GA 213GI
UT WOS:000324043000030
PM 23890628
ER
PT J
AU Sisco, E
Demoranville, LT
Gillen, G
AF Sisco, Edward
Demoranville, Leonard T.
Gillen, Greg
TI Evaluation of C-60 secondary ion mass spectrometry for the chemical
analysis and imaging of fingerprints
SO FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Latent fingerprint; Secondary ion mass spectrometry; Chemical imaging
ID LATENT FINGERPRINTS; SIMS; IDENTIFICATION; FINGERMARKS; DEPOSITION;
RESIDUE; TIME
AB The feasibility of using C-60(+) cluster primary ion bombardment secondary ion mass spectrometry (C-60(+) SIMS) for the analysis of the chemical composition of fingerprints is evaluated. It was found that C-60(+) SIMS could be used to detect and image the spatial localization of a number of sebaceous and eccrine components in fingerprints. These analyses were also found to not be hindered by the use of common latent print powder development techniques. Finally, the ability to monitor the depth distribution of fingerprint constituents was found to be possible - a capability which has not been shown using other chemical imaging techniques. This paper illustrates a number of strengths and potential weaknesses of C-60(+) SIMS as an additional or complimentary technique for the chemical analysis of fingerprints. (c) 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Sisco, Edward] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Demoranville, Leonard T.; Gillen, Greg] NIST, Surface & Microanal Sci Div, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Demoranville, Leonard T.] Ctr Coll Danville, Danville, KY 40422 USA.
RP Sisco, E (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, 0107 Chem Bldg, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM esisco@umd.edu; leonard.demoranville@centre.edu; greg.gillen@nist.gov
FU Department of Defense Science, Mathematics, and Research for
Transformation Fellowship; National Research Council Postdoctoral
Fellowship
FX The authors appreciate the help and advice provided by Dr. Alice
Mignerey of the University of Maryland and Dr. Candice Bridge of the
United States Army Criminal Investigation Laboratory. Edward Sisco
acknowledges support from a Department of Defense Science, Mathematics,
and Research for Transformation Fellowship. Leonard Demoranville
acknowledges support from the National Research Council Postdoctoral
Fellowship.
NR 23
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 28
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0379-0738
J9 FORENSIC SCI INT
JI Forensic Sci.Int.
PD SEP 10
PY 2013
VL 231
IS 1-3
BP 263
EP 269
DI 10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.05.026
PG 7
WC Medicine, Legal
SC Legal Medicine
GA 213GI
UT WOS:000324043000050
PM 23890648
ER
PT J
AU Choi, JH
Shlosman, I
Begelman, MC
AF Choi, Jun-Hwan
Shlosman, Isaac
Begelman, Mitchell C.
TI SUPERMASSIVE BLACK HOLE FORMATION AT HIGH REDSHIFTS VIA DIRECT COLLAPSE:
PHYSICAL PROCESSES IN THE EARLY STAGE
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE cosmology: theory; dark ages, reionization, first stars; galaxies:
formation; galaxies: high-redshift; methods: numerical
ID ADAPTIVE MESH REFINEMENT; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; DARK-MATTER HALOES;
ANGULAR-MOMENTUM TRANSFER; INITIAL MASS FUNCTION; X-RAY-CLUSTERS; 1ST
STARS; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; VIRIAL TEMPERATURES; ACCRETION DISKS
AB We use numerical simulations to explore whether direct collapse can lead to the formation of supermassive black hole (SMBH) seeds at high redshifts. Using the adaptive mesh refinement code ENZO, we follow the evolution of gas within slowly tumbling dark matter (DM) halos of M-vir similar to 2 x 10(8) M-circle dot and R-vir similar to 1 kpc. For our idealized simulations, we adopt cosmologically motivated DM and baryon density profiles and angular momentum distributions. Our principal goal is to understand how the collapsing flow overcomes the centrifugal barrier and whether it is subject to fragmentation which can potentially lead to star formation, decreasing the seed SMBH mass. We find that the collapse proceeds from inside out and leads either to a central runaway or to off-center fragmentation. A disk-like configuration is formed inside the centrifugal barrier, growing via accretion. For models with a more cuspy DM distribution, the gas collapses more and experiences a bar-like perturbation and a central runaway on scales of less than or similar to 1-10 pc. We have followed this inflow down to similar to 10(-4) pc (similar to 10 AU), where it is estimated to become optically thick. The flow remains isothermal and the specific angular momentum, j, is efficiently transferred by gravitational torques in a cascade of nested bars. This cascade is triggered by finite perturbations from the large-scale mass distribution and by gas self-gravity, and supports a self-similar, disk-like collapse where the axial ratios remain constant. The mass accretion rate shows a global minimum on scales of similar to 1-10 pc at the time of the central runaway. In the collapsing phase, virial supersonic turbulence develops and fragmentation is damped. Models with progressively larger initial DM cores evolve similarly, but the timescales become longer. In models with more organized initial rotation-when the rotation of spherical shells is constrained to be coplanar-a torus forms on scales similar to 20-50 pc outside the disk, and appears to be supported by turbulent motions driven by accretion from the outside. The overall evolution of the models depends on the competition between two timescales, corresponding to the onset of the central runaway and of off-center fragmentation. In models with less organized rotation-when the rotation of spherical shells is randomized (but the total angular momentum remains unchanged)-the torus is greatly weakened, the central accretion timescale is shortened, and off-center fragmentation is suppressed-triggering the central runaway even in previously "stable" models. The resulting seed SMBH masses is found in the range M-center dot similar to 2 x 10(4) M-circle dot-2 x 10(6) M-circle dot, substantially higher than the mass range of Population III remnants. We argue that the above upper limit on M-center dot appears to be more realistic, and lies close to the cutoff mass of detected SMBHs. Corollaries of this model include a possible correlation between SMBH and DM halo masses, and similarity between the SMBH and halo mass functions, at time of formation.
C1 [Choi, Jun-Hwan; Shlosman, Isaac] Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys & Astron, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
[Begelman, Mitchell C.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Begelman, Mitchell C.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Begelman, Mitchell C.] Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Choi, JH (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys & Astron, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
EM jhchoi@pa.uky.edu; shlosman@pa.uky.edu; mitch@jila.colorado.edu
FU NSF [AST-0807760, AST-0907872]; HST/STScI [AR-12639.01-A]; NASA through
STScI [AR-12639.01-A]; NASA [NAS5-26555]
FX We thank the ENZO & YT support team, and especially Britton Smith, Brian
O'Shea, and John Wise. All analysis has been conducted using YT (Turk et
al. (2011), http://yt-project.org/). We are also grateful to Christoph
Federrath for helpful comments on the earlier version of the text. I.S.
acknowledges support from the NSF AST-0807760 and from the HST/STScI
AR-12639.01-A. M.C.B. acknowledges support from the NSF under
AST-0907872. Support for HST/STScI AR-12639.01-A was provided by NASA
through a grant from the STScI, which is operated by the AURA, Inc.,
under NASA contract NAS5-26555.
NR 119
TC 41
Z9 41
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD SEP 10
PY 2013
VL 774
IS 2
AR 149
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/774/2/149
PG 18
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 211EW
UT WOS:000323888900058
ER
PT J
AU Fay, G
Large, SI
Link, JS
Gamble, RJ
AF Fay, Gavin
Large, Scott I.
Link, Jason S.
Gamble, Robert J.
TI Testing systemic fishing responses with ecosystem indicators
SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE Simulation modeling; MS-PROD; Ecological indicators; Ecosystem-based
fisheries management; Northwest Atlantic; Management Strategy Evaluation
ID MANAGEMENT STRATEGY EVALUATION; MARINE ECOSYSTEMS; ECOLOGICAL
INDICATORS; FISHERIES MANAGEMENT; MANAGING FISHERIES; COMMUNITY;
LESSONS; IMPLEMENTATION; CONSERVATION; IMPACTS
AB Successful implementation of Ecosystem Based Fisheries Management (EBFM) requires practical methods of translating information on system status into management actions. Threshold values in ecosystem indicators have been demonstrated to provide insight for characterizing change points in marine ecosystems and suggested as reference points for EBFM. We used a guild based multispecies simulation model of the Georges Bank finfish community to quantify tradeoffs and changes among values for proposed ecological indicators given alternative fishing scenarios, and tested the performance of indicator-based approaches for setting system ceilings on annual catches.
Values for ecosystem indicators were sensitive to the exploitation rates on guilds, with total biomass of the community being most sensitive to groundfish exploitation rate. Setting ceilings on system-wide annual catches was successful in constraining values for indicators and revealed levels of system catch associated with indicator change. Community composition indicators showed catch thresholds lower than provided by the total biomass indicator. Ceilings based on community composition indicators more frequently resulted in higher yields and fewer species being overfished than when ceilings were set using total biomass or when no ceiling was in place.
Simulations demonstrated that threshold values in ecosystem indicators could be used to determine reference points in an EBFM context. The broad ranges for threshold values obtained demonstrates the sensitivity of such methods to exploitation history, underscoring the need to both incorporate expert knowledge and relate reference point determination to management objectives. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Fay, Gavin; Large, Scott I.; Link, Jason S.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Gamble, Robert J.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Fay, G (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM gavin.fay@noaa.gov; scott.large@noaa.gov; jason.link@noaa.gov;
robert.gamble@noaa.gov
FU NOAA's Fisheries and the Environment (FATE) program
FX We thank Sarah Gaichas for advice and providing data files used to
parameterize the Georges Bank simulations. The members of the Ecosystem
Assessment Program at NOAA Fisheries Northeast Fisheries Science Center
are thanked for advice and discussion. The manuscript was also improved
following comments and suggestions from Michael Fogarty, the Editor, and
two anonymous reviewers. GF and SL were supported by funding from NOAA's
Fisheries and the Environment (FATE) program.
NR 49
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 38
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3800
J9 ECOL MODEL
JI Ecol. Model.
PD SEP 10
PY 2013
VL 265
BP 45
EP 55
DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2013.05.016
PG 11
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 208OL
UT WOS:000323688900004
ER
PT J
AU Anderson, KE
Harrison, LR
Nisbet, RM
Kolpas, A
AF Anderson, Kurt E.
Harrison, Lee R.
Nisbet, Roger M.
Kolpas, Allison
TI Modeling the influence of flow on invertebrate drift across spatial
scales using a 2D hydraulic model and a 1D population model
SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE Rivers; Dispersal; Drift; Macroinvertebrates; Spatial population
dynamics; Environmental flow assessments
ID ADVECTION-DOMINATED SYSTEMS; LAKE DISTRICT STREAM; BUDGET DEB THEORY;
BROWN TROUT; BENTHIC INVERTEBRATES; ECOLOGICAL DYNAMICS; HABITAT
PREFERENCES; FEEDING SALMONIDS; CARRYING-CAPACITY; FIELD EXPERIMENTS
AB Methods for creating explicit links in environmental flow assessments between changes in physical habitat and the availability and delivery rate of macroinvertebrates that comprise fish diets are generally lacking. Here, we present a hybrid modelling approach to simulate the spatial dynamics of macroinvertebrates in a section of the Merced River in central California, re-engineered to improve the viability of Chinook salmon. Our efforts focused on quantifying the influence of the hydrodynamic environment on invertebrate drift dispersal, which is a key input to salmon bioenergetics models. We developed a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model that represented flow dynamics well at baseflow and 75% bankfull discharges. Hydraulic predictions from the 20 model were coupled with a particle tracking algorithm to compute drift dispersal, where the settling rates of simulated macroinvertebrates were parameterized from the literature. Using the cross-sectional averaged velocities from the 2D model, we then developed a simpler 1D representation of how dispersal distributions respond to flow variability. These distributions were included in 1D invertebrate population models that represent variability in drift densities over reach scales. Dispersal distributions in the 20 simulation and 1D representation responded strongly to spatial changes in flow. When included in the 1D population model, dispersal responses to flow 'scaled-up' to yield distributions of drifting macroinvertebrates that showed a strong inverse relationship with flow velocity. The strength of the inverse relationship was influenced by model parameters, including the rate at which dispersers settle to the benthos. Finally, we explore how the scale of riffle/pool variability relative to characteristic length scales calculated from the 1D population model can be used to understand drift responses for different settling rates and at different discharges. We show that, under the range of parameter values explored, changes in velocity associated with transitions between riffles and pools produce local changes in drift density of proportional magnitude. This simple result suggests a means for confronting model predictions against field data. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Anderson, Kurt E.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Biol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
[Harrison, Lee R.] NOAA Fisheries, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Nisbet, Roger M.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Ecol Evolut & Marine Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Kolpas, Allison] W Chester Univ, Dept Math, W Chester, PA 19383 USA.
RP Anderson, KE (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Biol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
EM kurt.anderson@ucr.edu
RI Nisbet, Roger/B-6951-2014;
OI Harrison, Lee/0000-0002-5219-9280
FU Public Interest Energy Research Program of the California Energy
Commission through the Instream Flow Assessment Program of the Center of
Aquatic Biology and Aquaculture of the University of California, Davis
[500-02-004]
FX The authors wish to thank John Williams, Tom Dunne, Lindsey Albertson,
Brad Cardinale, and Laure Pecquerie for very helpful discussions, and
Lindsey Albertson for access to data that assisted us in model
parameterization. We also thank Jonathan Sarhad, Margaret Simon, and
Cincin Young for technical assistance and manuscript preparation. Steven
Lindley, Jill Lancaster, Andrew Paul, and three anonymous reviewers
provided extremely helpful comments on a previous report on which this
manuscript in based, and David Boughton and Mark Henderson provided
constructive feedback on an earlier draft of this manuscript. This
research was supported and funded by the Public Interest Energy Research
Program of the California Energy Commission through the Instream Flow
Assessment Program of the Center of Aquatic Biology and Aquaculture of
the University of California, Davis, contract number 500-02-004 to RMN
and KEA.
NR 87
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 50
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3800
EI 1872-7026
J9 ECOL MODEL
JI Ecol. Model.
PD SEP 10
PY 2013
VL 265
BP 207
EP 220
DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2013.06.011
PG 14
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 208OL
UT WOS:000323688900019
ER
PT J
AU Agha, I
Ates, S
Davanco, M
Srinivasan, K
AF Agha, Imad
Ates, Serkan
Davanco, Marcelo
Srinivasan, Kartik
TI A chip-scale, telecommunications-band frequency conversion interface for
quantum emitters
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID SILICON WAVE-GUIDES; SINGLE PHOTONS; WAVELENGTH; DOT; GENERATION
AB We describe a chip-scale, telecommunications-band frequency conversion interface designed for low-noise operation at wavelengths desirable for common single photon emitters. Four-wave-mixing Bragg scattering in silicon nitride waveguides is used to demonstrate frequency upconversion and downconversion between the 980 nm and 1550 nm wavelength regions, with signal-to-background levels > 10 and conversion efficiency of approximate to -60 dB at low continuous wave input pump powers (< 50 mW). Finite element simulations and the split-step Fourier method indicate that increased input powers of approximate to 10 W (produced by amplified nanosecond pulses, for example) will result in a conversion efficiency > 25 % in existing geometries. Finally, we present waveguide designs that can be used to connect shorter wavelength (637 nm to 852 nm) quantum emitters with 1550 nm. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America
C1 [Agha, Imad; Ates, Serkan; Davanco, Marcelo; Srinivasan, Kartik] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Agha, Imad; Ates, Serkan] Univ Maryland, Maryland NanoCtr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Davanco, Marcelo] CALTECH, Dept Appl Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Srinivasan, K (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM imad.agha@nist.gov; kartik.srinivasan@nist.gov
RI Ates, Serkan/M-6083-2014
FU University of Maryland [70NANB10H193]; NIST-CNST [70NANB10H193]; DARPA
MESO program
FX The authors thank Yoshitomo Okawachi for helpful comments on this work.
I.A and S.A. acknowledge support under the Cooperative Research
Agreement between the University of Maryland and NIST-CNST, Award
70NANB10H193. The authors also acknowledge the DARPA MESO program for
partial support.
NR 32
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 23
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD SEP 9
PY 2013
VL 21
IS 18
BP 21628
EP 21638
DI 10.1364/OE.21.021628
PG 11
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 224FC
UT WOS:000324867100126
PM 24104037
ER
PT J
AU Ahmed, S
Wang, W
Mair, LO
Fraleigh, RD
Hoyos, M
Mallouk, TE
AF Ahmed, Suzanne
Wang, Wei
Mair, Lamar O.
Fraleigh, Robert D.
Hoyos, Mauricio
Mallouk, Thomas E.
TI In vitro steering and cell targeting of ultrasonically propelled
nanomotors in a biologically compatible fluid using magnetic fields
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY SEP 08-12, 2013
CL Indianapolis, IN
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Ahmed, Suzanne; Wang, Wei; Mallouk, Thomas E.] Penn State Univ, Dept Chem, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Mair, Lamar O.] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Fraleigh, Robert D.; Mallouk, Thomas E.] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Hoyos, Mauricio] ESPCI Paris Tech, Phys & Mecan Milieux Heterogenes Lab, Paris, France.
EM sya5152@psu.edu
RI Mallouk, Thomas/K-7391-2012
OI Mallouk, Thomas/0000-0003-4599-4208
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 8
PY 2013
VL 246
MA 80-INOR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 288NJ
UT WOS:000329618404125
ER
PT J
AU Benkstein, K
Vergara, A
Montgomery, C
Semancik, S
AF Benkstein, Kurt
Vergara, Alexander
Montgomery, Christopher
Semancik, Steve
TI Tunable electronic noses for monitoring volatile small molecules
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY SEP 08-12, 2013
CL Indianapolis, IN
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Benkstein, Kurt; Vergara, Alexander; Montgomery, Christopher; Semancik, Steve] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM kurt.benkstein@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 8
PY 2013
VL 246
MA 105-ENVR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 288NJ
UT WOS:000329618403577
ER
PT J
AU Bhirde, AA
Chikkaveeraiah, BV
Jin, AJ
Wang, Z
Zhang, GF
Patel, V
Gutkind, JS
Walker, ARH
Chen, XY
AF Bhirde, Ashwinkumar A.
Chikkaveeraiah, Bhaskara V.
Jin, Albert J.
Wang, Zhe
Zhang, Guofeng
Patel, Vyomesh
Gutkind, J. Silvio
Walker, Angela R. Hight
Chen, Xiaoyuan
TI Therapeutic nanotubes as highly efficient cancer drug delivery vehicles
to counteract drug resistance
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY SEP 08-12, 2013
CL Indianapolis, IN
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Bhirde, Ashwinkumar A.; Chikkaveeraiah, Bhaskara V.; Wang, Zhe; Chen, Xiaoyuan] Natl Inst Biomed Imaging & Bioengn, Lab Mol Imaging & Nanomed, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Jin, Albert J.; Zhang, Guofeng] Natl Inst Biomed Imaging & Bioengn, Lab Cellular Imaging & Macromol Biophys, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Patel, Vyomesh; Gutkind, J. Silvio] Natl Inst Dent Craniofacial Res, Oral & Pharyngeal Canc Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Walker, Angela R. Hight] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM ashwinkumar.bhirde@nih.gov
RI Hight Walker, Angela/C-3373-2009
OI Hight Walker, Angela/0000-0003-1385-0672
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 8
PY 2013
VL 246
MA 281-COLL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 288NJ
UT WOS:000329618402304
ER
PT J
AU Brown, CM
Hudson, M
Queen, WL
AF Brown, Craig M.
Hudson, Matthew
Queen, Wendy L.
TI Applications of neutron scattering to understanding structure and gas
storage properties of metal-organic frameworks and related materials
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY SEP 08-12, 2013
CL Indianapolis, IN
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Brown, Craig M.; Hudson, Matthew] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Queen, Wendy L.] LBNL, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA USA.
EM craig.brown@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 8
PY 2013
VL 246
MA 142-ENFL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 288NJ
UT WOS:000329618403110
ER
PT J
AU Chen, N
Stocker, MP
Berro, AJ
Liddle, JA
Zammarano, M
Gilman, JW
AF Chen, Ning
Stocker, Michael P.
Berro, Adam J.
Liddle, J. Alexander
Zammarano, Mauro
Gilman, Jeffrey W.
TI Super-resolution optical imaging of fluorescent carbon nanotube
nanocomposites
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY SEP 08-12, 2013
CL Indianapolis, IN
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Chen, Ning; Berro, Adam J.; Gilman, Jeffrey W.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Zammarano, Mauro] NIST, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
[Stocker, Michael P.; Liddle, J. Alexander] NIST, Ctr Nanosci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
[Chen, Ning; Berro, Adam J.] Georgetown Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20057 USA.
[Zammarano, Mauro] Amer Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20016 USA.
EM ning.chen@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 8
PY 2013
VL 246
MA 237-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 288NJ
UT WOS:000329618407001
ER
PT J
AU Demoranville, L
Combs, A
Wicker, D
Kenslea, A
Verkouteren, J
Gillen, G
AF Demoranville, Leonard
Combs, Alexandria
Wicker, Daniel
Kenslea, Anne
Verkouteren, Jennifer
Gillen, Greg
TI Progress in the development of test materials for trace drug detection
by thermal desorption ion mobility spectrometry using swabbing
techniques
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY SEP 08-12, 2013
CL Indianapolis, IN
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Demoranville, Leonard; Combs, Alexandria; Wicker, Daniel] Ctr Coll Danville, Danville, KY 40422 USA.
[Kenslea, Anne] Georgetown Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20057 USA.
[Verkouteren, Jennifer; Gillen, Greg] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM leonard.demoranville@centre.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 8
PY 2013
VL 246
MA 138-ANYL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 288NJ
UT WOS:000329618400671
ER
PT J
AU Dennis, RV
Shultz, BJ
Jaye, C
Wang, X
Fischer, DA
Cartwright, AN
Banerjee, S
AF Dennis, Robert V.
Shultz, Brian J.
Jaye, Cherno
Wang, Xi
Fischer, Daniel A.
Cartwright, Alexander N.
Banerjee, Sarbajit
TI Near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy study of nitrogen
incorporation in chemically and thermally reduced graphene oxide
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY SEP 08-12, 2013
CL Indianapolis, IN
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Dennis, Robert V.; Shultz, Brian J.; Banerjee, Sarbajit] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Chem, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
[Jaye, Cherno; Fischer, Daniel A.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Wang, Xi; Cartwright, Alexander N.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Elect Engn, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
EM rvdennis@buffalo.edu
RI Cartwright, Alexander/C-4380-2008
OI Cartwright, Alexander/0000-0002-0921-8036
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 8
PY 2013
VL 246
MA 394-PHYS
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 288NJ
UT WOS:000329618406195
ER
PT J
AU Dutton, GJ
Robey, SW
AF Dutton, G. J.
Robey, S. W.
TI Exciton dissociation at phthalocyanine-C-60 interfaces
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY SEP 08-12, 2013
CL Indianapolis, IN
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Dutton, G. J.; Robey, S. W.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM steven.robey@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 8
PY 2013
VL 246
MA 568-PHYS
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 288NJ
UT WOS:000329618406348
ER
PT J
AU Gilman, JB
Lerner, BM
Warneke, C
Holloway, J
Peischl, J
Ryerson, T
Edwards, PM
Brown, SS
Roberts, JM
Williams, EJ
Parrish, DD
de Gouw, JA
AF Gilman, Jessica B.
Lerner, Brian M.
Warneke, Carsten
Holloway, John
Peischl, Jeff
Ryerson, Thomas
Edwards, Peter M.
Brown, Steven S.
Roberts, James M.
Williams, Eric J.
Parrish, David D.
de Gouw, Joost A.
TI Characterizing emissions and assessing air quality impacts from oil and
natural gas operations in Colorado and Utah
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY SEP 08-12, 2013
CL Indianapolis, IN
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Gilman, Jessica B.; Lerner, Brian M.; Warneke, Carsten; Holloway, John; Peischl, Jeff; Edwards, Peter M.; de Gouw, Joost A.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Gilman, Jessica B.; Lerner, Brian M.; Warneke, Carsten; Holloway, John; Peischl, Jeff; Ryerson, Thomas; Edwards, Peter M.; Brown, Steven S.; Roberts, James M.; Williams, Eric J.; Parrish, David D.; de Gouw, Joost A.] NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM jessica.gilman@noaa.gov
RI Parrish, David/E-8957-2010; Warneke, Carsten/E-7174-2010; Holloway,
John/F-9911-2012
OI Parrish, David/0000-0001-6312-2724; Holloway, John/0000-0002-4585-9594
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 8
PY 2013
VL 246
MA 113-ENFL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 288NJ
UT WOS:000329618403085
ER
PT J
AU Grubisic, A
Nesbitt, DJ
AF Grubisic, Andrej
Nesbitt, David J.
TI Coherent multiphoton photoelectron emission from individual, supported
metal nanoparticles: Angle- and energy-resolved photoelectron
distribution measurements via velocity map imaging
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY SEP 08-12, 2013
CL Indianapolis, IN
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Grubisic, Andrej] Univ Colorado, JILA, NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Nesbitt, David J.] Univ Colorado, JILA, NIST, Dept Chem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM andrej.grubisic@jila.colorado.edu
RI Grubisic, Andrej/P-2717-2014
OI Grubisic, Andrej/0000-0001-8236-0007
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 8
PY 2013
VL 246
MA 148-PHYS
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 288NJ
UT WOS:000329618405856
ER
PT J
AU Hapeman, CJ
McConnell, LL
McCarty, GW
Rice, CP
Hively, WD
Lang, MW
Whitall, DR
Sadeghi, AM
Torrents, A
Goel, A
AF Hapeman, Cathleen J.
McConnell, Laura L.
McCarty, Gregory W.
Rice, Clifford P.
Hively, W. Dean
Lang, Megan W.
Whitall, David R.
Sadeghi, Ali M.
Torrents, Alba
Goel, Anubha
TI Determining contaminate sources to the Chesapeake Bay to discern the
effectiveness of conservation practices
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY SEP 08-12, 2013
CL Indianapolis, IN
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Hapeman, Cathleen J.; McConnell, Laura L.; McCarty, Gregory W.; Rice, Clifford P.; Sadeghi, Ali M.] ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Hively, W. Dean] US Geol Survey, Eastern Geog Res Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Lang, Megan W.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Beltsville, MD USA.
[Whitall, David R.] NOAA, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Torrents, Alba] Univ Maryland, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Goel, Anubha] Indian Inst Technol, Dept Civil Engn, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India.
EM cathleen.hapeman@ars.usda.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 8
PY 2013
VL 246
MA 147-ENVR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 288NJ
UT WOS:000329618403616
ER
PT J
AU Kim, J
Priester, J
Ge, Y
Buchholz, B
Petersen, E
AF Kim, Junyeol
Priester, John
Ge, Yuan
Buchholz, Bruce
Petersen, Elijah
TI Assessing trophic transfer of C-14-labeled multi-walled carbon nanotubes
in microbial food chains
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY SEP 08-12, 2013
CL Indianapolis, IN
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Kim, Junyeol; Priester, John; Ge, Yuan] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, UC Ctr Environm Implicat Nanotechnol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Kim, Junyeol; Priester, John; Ge, Yuan] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Kim, Junyeol; Priester, John; Ge, Yuan] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Earth Res Inst, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Buchholz, Bruce] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ctr Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
[Petersen, Elijah] NIST, Biosyst & Biomat Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jkim@bren.ucsb.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 4
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 8
PY 2013
VL 246
MA 267-ENVR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 288NJ
UT WOS:000329618403727
ER
PT J
AU Klippenstein, SJ
Vuitton, V
Yelle, RV
Horst, SM
Lavvas, P
Bazin, A
AF Klippenstein, Stephen J.
Vuitton, Veronique
Yelle, Roger V.
Horst, Sarah M.
Lavvas, Panayotis
Bazin, Axel
TI Theoretical kinetics as a tool for exploring the chemistry of Titan's
atmosphere
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY SEP 08-12, 2013
CL Indianapolis, IN
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Klippenstein, Stephen J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Vuitton, Veronique; Bazin, Axel] UJF Grenoble, CNRS INSU 1, UMR 5274, Inst Planetol & Astrophys Grenoble, Grenoble, France.
[Yelle, Roger V.] Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Horst, Sarah M.] Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Lavvas, Panayotis] Univ Reims, CNRS, UMR 6089, Reims, France.
EM sjk@anl.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 8
PY 2013
VL 246
MA 297-PHYS
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 288NJ
UT WOS:000329618406103
ER
PT J
AU Lahiri, B
Katzenmeyer, A
Holland, G
Centrone, A
AF Lahiri, Basudev
Katzenmeyer, Aaron
Holland, Glenn
Centrone, Andrea
TI Chemical imaging beyond the diffraction limit using photothermal induced
resonance technique
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY SEP 08-12, 2013
CL Indianapolis, IN
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Lahiri, Basudev; Katzenmeyer, Aaron; Holland, Glenn; Centrone, Andrea] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Lahiri, Basudev; Centrone, Andrea] Univ Maryland, Maryland Nanoctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM andrea.centrone@nist.gov
RI Katzenmeyer, Aaron/F-7961-2014
OI Katzenmeyer, Aaron/0000-0002-5755-8537
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 8
PY 2013
VL 246
MA 216-ANYL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 288NJ
UT WOS:000329618400747
ER
PT J
AU Nadermann, NK
Chan, E
Stafford, C
AF Nadermann, Nichole K.
Chan, Edwin
Stafford, Christopher
TI Transport properties in reverse osmosis membranes using a quartz crystal
microbalance with dissipation
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY SEP 08-12, 2013
CL Indianapolis, IN
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Nadermann, Nichole K.; Chan, Edwin; Stafford, Christopher] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM nichole.nadermann@gmail.com
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 8
PY 2013
VL 246
MA 193-ENVR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 288NJ
UT WOS:000329618403658
ER
PT J
AU Place, BJ
Murray, JA
Morris, MH
Phillips, MM
Rimmer, CA
Sander, LC
AF Place, Benjamin J.
Murray, Jacolin A.
Morris, Mallory H.
Phillips, Melissa M.
Rimmer, Catherine A.
Sander, Lane C.
TI Quantitative capabilities of 2D gas chromatography (GCxGC) and liquid
chromatography (LCxLC) for the analysis of standard reference materials
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY SEP 08-12, 2013
CL Indianapolis, IN
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Place, Benjamin J.; Murray, Jacolin A.; Morris, Mallory H.; Phillips, Melissa M.; Rimmer, Catherine A.; Sander, Lane C.] NIST, Div Chem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM benjamin.place@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 8
PY 2013
VL 246
MA 71-ANYL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 288NJ
UT WOS:000329618400614
ER
PT J
AU Robertson, JWF
Reiner, JE
Balijepalli, AK
Burden, DL
Burden, LK
Kasianowicz, JJ
AF Robertson, Joseph W. F.
Reiner, Joseph E.
Balijepalli, Arvind K.
Burden, Daniel L.
Burden, Lisa K.
Kasianowicz, John J.
TI Modification of protein nanopores with gold nanoparticles for single
molecule temperature control
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY SEP 08-12, 2013
CL Indianapolis, IN
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Robertson, Joseph W. F.; Balijepalli, Arvind K.; Kasianowicz, John J.] NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Phys Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Reiner, Joseph E.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Phys, Richmond, VA 23284 USA.
[Balijepalli, Arvind K.] NHLBI, Lab Computat Biol, NIH, Rockville, MD 20892 USA.
[Burden, Daniel L.] Wheaton Coll, Dept Chem, Wheaton, IL 60187 USA.
[Burden, Lisa K.] Wheaton Coll, Dept Biol, Wheaton, IL 60187 USA.
EM joseph.robertson@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 8
PY 2013
VL 246
MA 407-COLL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 288NJ
UT WOS:000329618402424
ER
PT J
AU Schneck, NA
Lowenthal, M
Phinney, K
Lee, SB
AF Schneck, Nicole A.
Lowenthal, Mark
Phinney, Karen
Lee, Sang Bok
TI Absolute quantification of biomarker cardiac troponin I in serum by
magnetic particle-based-immunoaffinity capture and targeted mass
spectrometry
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY SEP 08-12, 2013
CL Indianapolis, IN
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Schneck, Nicole A.; Lee, Sang Bok] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Lowenthal, Mark; Phinney, Karen] NIST, Dept Bioanalyt Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20850 USA.
EM nikkischneck@gmail.com
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 8
PY 2013
VL 246
MA 107-BIOL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 288NJ
UT WOS:000329618401012
ER
PT J
AU Schneck, NA
Lowenthal, M
Phinney, K
Lee, SB
AF Schneck, Nicole A.
Lowenthal, Mark
Phinney, Karen
Lee, Sang Bok
TI Role of nanomaterials for the mass spectrometry-based analysis of
enriched cardiac troponin I from serum
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY SEP 08-12, 2013
CL Indianapolis, IN
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Schneck, Nicole A.; Lee, Sang Bok] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Lowenthal, Mark; Phinney, Karen] NIST, Dept Bioanalyt Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20850 USA.
EM nikkischneck@gmail.com
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 8
PY 2013
VL 246
MA 7-ANYL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 288NJ
UT WOS:000329618400550
ER
PT J
AU Sequeira, FC
Elliot, JT
AF Sequeira, Fatima C.
Elliot, John T.
TI Effect of chemical toxins on protein expression and degradation
machinery
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY SEP 08-12, 2013
CL Indianapolis, IN
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Sequeira, Fatima C.; Elliot, John T.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20878 USA.
EM sequeira@buffalo.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 8
PY 2013
VL 246
MA 40-TOXI
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 288NJ
UT WOS:000329618407219
ER
PT J
AU Wang, PF
Ko, SH
Tian, C
Hao, CH
Mao, CD
AF Wang, Pengfei
Ko, Seung Hyeon
Tian, Cheng
Hao, Chenhui
Mao, Chengde
TI RNA origami: Folding long RNA single strands into complex nanostructures
via ultrafast isothermal assembly
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY SEP 08-12, 2013
CL Indianapolis, IN
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Wang, Pengfei; Ko, Seung Hyeon; Tian, Cheng; Hao, Chenhui; Mao, Chengde] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47906 USA.
[Ko, Seung Hyeon] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
EM wang573@purdue.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 8
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 8
PY 2013
VL 246
MA 63-COLL
PG 2
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 288NJ
UT WOS:000329618402101
ER
PT J
AU Woodcock, J
Zammarano, M
Sacui, I
Gilman, JW
AF Woodcock, Jeremiah
Zammarano, Mauro
Sacui, Iulia
Gilman, Jeffrey W.
TI Synthesis of a coumarin based fluorescently labeled epoxy monomer
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY SEP 08-12, 2013
CL Indianapolis, IN
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Woodcock, Jeremiah; Sacui, Iulia; Gilman, Jeffrey W.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Zammarano, Mauro] NIST, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Zammarano, Mauro] Amer Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20016 USA.
[Woodcock, Jeremiah; Sacui, Iulia] Georgetown Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20057 USA.
EM sarah.morgan@usm.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 8
PY 2013
VL 246
MA 108-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 288NJ
UT WOS:000329618406763
ER
PT J
AU Yildirim, T
Peng, Y
Krungleviciute, V
Eryazici, I
Hupp, JT
Farha, OK
AF Yildirim, Taner
Peng, Yang
Krungleviciute, Vaiva
Eryazici, Ibrahim
Hupp, Joseph T.
Farha, Omar K.
TI Methane storage in metal-organic frameworks and nanoporous carbons:
Current records, surprise findings, and challenges
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY SEP 08-12, 2013
CL Indianapolis, IN
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Yildirim, Taner; Peng, Yang; Krungleviciute, Vaiva] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Yildirim, Taner; Peng, Yang; Krungleviciute, Vaiva] Univ Penn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Eryazici, Ibrahim; Hupp, Joseph T.; Farha, Omar K.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Eryazici, Ibrahim; Hupp, Joseph T.; Farha, Omar K.] Northwestern Univ, Int Inst Nanotechnol, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
EM taner@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 10
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 8
PY 2013
VL 246
MA 84-ENFL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 288NJ
UT WOS:000329618403058
ER
PT J
AU Yoon, YH
Horst, SM
Hicks, RK
Li, R
de Gouw, JA
Tolbert, MA
AF Yoon, Y. Heidi
Horst, Sarah M.
Hicks, Raea K.
Li, Rui
de Gouw, Joost A.
Tolbert, Margaret A.
TI Role of benzene photolysis in Titan haze formation
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY SEP 08-12, 2013
CL Indianapolis, IN
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Yoon, Y. Heidi; Horst, Sarah M.; Hicks, Raea K.; Li, Rui; de Gouw, Joost A.; Tolbert, Margaret A.] Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Hicks, Raea K.; Tolbert, Margaret A.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Li, Rui; de Gouw, Joost A.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM Heidi.Yoon@colorado.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 8
PY 2013
VL 246
MA 230-PHYS
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 288NJ
UT WOS:000329618406036
ER
PT J
AU Yu, XF
Richter, LJ
DeLongchamp, DM
AF Yu, Xinfei
Richter, Lee J.
DeLongchamp, Dean M.
TI Impact of fluorination on polymer-fullerene miscibility in organic
photovoltaic devices
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY SEP 08-12, 2013
CL Indianapolis, IN
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Yu, Xinfei; DeLongchamp, Dean M.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Richter, Lee J.] NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM xinfei.yu@nist.gov
RI Richter, Lee/N-7730-2016
OI Richter, Lee/0000-0002-9433-3724
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 8
PY 2013
VL 246
MA 224-PMSE
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 288NJ
UT WOS:000329618406577
ER
PT J
AU Zhou, W
AF Zhou, Wei
TI Porous metal-organic frameworks: Mechanical stabilities and methane
storage applications
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 246th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS)
CY SEP 08-12, 2013
CL Indianapolis, IN
SP Amer Chem Soc
C1 [Zhou, Wei] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Zhou, Wei] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM wzhou@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD SEP 8
PY 2013
VL 246
MA 245-ENFL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 288NJ
UT WOS:000329618403204
ER
PT J
AU Gansen, EJ
Rowe, MA
Harrington, SD
Nehls, JM
Etzel, SM
Nam, SW
Mirin, RP
AF Gansen, E. J.
Rowe, M. A.
Harrington, S. D.
Nehls, J. M.
Etzel, S. M.
Nam, S. W.
Mirin, R. P.
TI Temperature dependence of the single-photon sensitivity of a quantum
dot, optically gated, field-effect transistor
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRON-MOBILITY; NOISE; HETEROSTRUCTURES; DETECTOR; GENERATION;
EFFICIENCY
AB We present a systematic study of the temperature dependence of the electrical noise in a quantum dot, optically gated, field-effect transistor (QDOGFET) and detail how the noise influences the sensitivity of these novel single-photon detectors. Previous studies have shown that when cooled to 4K, QDOGFETs exhibit single-photon sensitivity and photon-number-resolving capabilities; however, there has been no systematic study of how operating temperature affects their performance. Here, we measure the noise spectra of a device for a range of sample temperatures between 7K and 60 K. We use the noise data to determine the signal-to-noise ratio of the optical responses of the devices for various temperatures and detection rates. Our analysis indicates that QDOGFETs can operate over a broad range of temperatures, where increased operating temperature can be traded for decreased sensitivity. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Gansen, E. J.; Harrington, S. D.; Nehls, J. M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, La Crosse, WI 54601 USA.
[Rowe, M. A.; Etzel, S. M.; Nam, S. W.; Mirin, R. P.] NIST, Quantum Elect & Photon Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Gansen, EJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, La Crosse, WI 54601 USA.
OI Mirin, Richard/0000-0002-4472-4655
FU NASA Wisconsin Space Grant Consortium
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the contributions made by Tyler
Nickel and Angeline Klemm to this work. This work was supported, in
part, by the NASA Wisconsin Space Grant Consortium.
NR 32
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 14
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD SEP 7
PY 2013
VL 114
IS 9
AR 093103
DI 10.1063/1.4820474
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 217UI
UT WOS:000324386900003
ER
PT J
AU Boltana, S
Rey, S
Roher, N
Vargas, R
Huerta, M
Huntingford, FA
Goetz, FW
Moore, J
Garcia-Valtanen, P
Estepa, A
MacKenzie, S
AF Boltana, Sebastian
Rey, Sonia
Roher, Nerea
Vargas, Reynaldo
Huerta, Mario
Huntingford, Felicity Anne
Goetz, Frederick William
Moore, Janice
Garcia-Valtanen, Pablo
Estepa, Amparo
MacKenzie, S.
TI Behavioural fever is a synergic signal amplifying the innate immune
response
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE behavioural fever; anti-viral response; gene-environment interaction
ID ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITY; BIOLOGICAL NETWORKS; SEPTICEMIA
RHABDOVIRUS; TEMPERATURE; CYTOSCAPE; SURVIVAL; RECOGNITION; REFLEX;
FISH; TRANSCRIPTOME
AB Behavioural fever, defined as an acute change in thermal preference driven by pathogen recognition, has been reported in a variety of invertebrates and ectothermic vertebrates. It has been suggested, but so far not confirmed, that such changes in thermal regime favour the immune response and thus promote survival. Here, we show that zebrafish display behavioural fever that acts to promote extensive and highly specific temperature-dependent changes in the brain transcriptome. The observed coupling of the immune response to fever acts at the gene-environment level to promote a robust, highly specific time-dependent anti-viral response that, under viral infection, increases survival. Fish that are not offered a choice of temperatures and that therefore cannot express behavioural fever show decreased survival under viral challenge. This phenomenon provides an underlying explanation for the varied functional responses observed during systemic fever. Given the effects of behavioural fever on survival and the fact that it exists across considerable phylogenetic space, such immunity-environment interactions are likely to be under strong positive selection.
C1 [Boltana, Sebastian; Rey, Sonia; Roher, Nerea; Vargas, Reynaldo; Huerta, Mario; MacKenzie, S.] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Inst Biotecnol & Biomed, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain.
[Huntingford, Felicity Anne] Inst Biomed & Life Sci, Div Environm & Evolutionary Biol, Fish Biol Grp, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland.
[Goetz, Frederick William] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Moore, Janice] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Garcia-Valtanen, Pablo; Estepa, Amparo] Univ Miguel Hernandez Elche, Inst Mol & Cell Biol, Elche, Spain.
[Boltana, Sebastian; MacKenzie, S.] Univ Stirling, Inst Aquaculture, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland.
RP MacKenzie, S (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Inst Biotecnol & Biomed, Bellaterra 08193, Barcelona, Spain.
EM simon.mackenzie@stir.ac.uk
RI Roher, Nerea/F-3216-2016;
OI Roher, Nerea/0000-0002-6659-4038; Mackenzie, Simon/0000-0003-1845-6826;
Rey Planellas, Sonia/0000-0002-3406-3291
FU Consolider-Ingenio Programme [CSD2007-0002, AGL2011-28921-C03-01];
Spanish Ministry of Science and Education, Spain; Ministerio de Ciencia
e Innovacion, Spain
FX This study was supported by the Consolider-Ingenio Programme 2010,
project CSD2007-0002 and AGL2011-28921-C03-01 funded by the Spanish
Ministry of Science and Education, Spain to S.M. and A.E. N.R. (Ramon y
Cajal Program) is funded by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion,
Spain.
NR 50
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 3
U2 40
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 0962-8452
J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI
JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci.
PD SEP 7
PY 2013
VL 280
IS 1766
AR 20131381
DI 10.1098/rspb.2013.1381
PG 11
WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences &
Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA 180TR
UT WOS:000321621000016
PM 23843398
ER
PT J
AU Graven, HD
Keeling, RF
Piper, SC
Patra, PK
Stephens, BB
Wofsy, SC
Welp, LR
Sweeney, C
Tans, PP
Kelley, JJ
Daube, BC
Kort, EA
Santoni, GW
Bent, JD
AF Graven, H. D.
Keeling, R. F.
Piper, S. C.
Patra, P. K.
Stephens, B. B.
Wofsy, S. C.
Welp, L. R.
Sweeney, C.
Tans, P. P.
Kelley, J. J.
Daube, B. C.
Kort, E. A.
Santoni, G. W.
Bent, J. D.
TI Enhanced Seasonal Exchange of CO2 by Northern Ecosystems Since 1960
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; AMPLITUDE INCREASE; PLANT-GROWTH; MAUNA-LOA;
VEGETATION; CLIMATE; TRENDS; ALASKA; DISTURBANCE; FORESTS
AB Seasonal variations of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) in the Northern Hemisphere have increased since the 1950s, but sparse observations have prevented a clear assessment of the patterns of long-term change and the underlying mechanisms. We compare recent aircraft-based observations of CO2 above the North Pacific and Arctic Oceans to earlier data from 1958 to 1961 and find that the seasonal amplitude at altitudes of 3 to 6 km increased by 50% for 45 degrees to 90 degrees N but by less than 25% for 10 degrees to 45 degrees N. An increase of 30 to 60% in the seasonal exchange of CO2 by northern extratropical land ecosystems, focused on boreal forests, is implicated, substantially more than simulated by current land ecosystem models. The observations appear to signal large ecological changes in northern forests and a major shift in the global carbon cycle.
C1 [Graven, H. D.; Keeling, R. F.; Piper, S. C.; Welp, L. R.; Bent, J. D.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Patra, P. K.] Res Inst Global Change, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
[Stephens, B. B.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Wofsy, S. C.; Daube, B. C.; Santoni, G. W.] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Sweeney, C.; Tans, P. P.] NOAA, Boulder, CO USA.
[Kelley, J. J.] Univ Alaska, Inst Marine Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Kort, E. A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
RP Graven, HD (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM hgraven@ucsd.edu
RI Kort, Eric/F-9942-2012; Stephens, Britton/B-7962-2008;
OI Kort, Eric/0000-0003-4940-7541; Stephens, Britton/0000-0002-1966-6182;
Graven, Heather/0000-0003-3934-2502
FU DOE [DE-SC0005090]; NSF [ATM-0628575, ATM-0628519, ATM-0628388,
ATM-0628452, ATM-1036399]; National Center for Atmospheric Research
(NCAR); NASA [NNX11AF36G]; U.S. Navy/Office of Naval Research
[N00014-67-A-0103-0007]; NSF; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports,
Science and Technology Green Network of Excellence program;
Environmental Protection Agency's Science to Achieve Results program
FX The Scripps CO2 Program is supported by DOE grant
DE-SC0005090. HIPPO was supported by NSF grants ATM-0628575,
ATM-0628519, ATM-0628388, ATM-0628452, and ATM-1036399, and by the
National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR). Recovery and updating
of early aircraft, MLO, and BRW data was supported by NSF grant
ATM-1036399. L. R. W. was supported by NASA award NNX11AF36G. Early
observations at BRW were funded by U.S. Navy/Office of Naval Research
contract N00014-67-A-0103-0007. Online access to all observational data
is summarized in section SM10 of the supplementary materials. NCAR is
supported by the NSF. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or
recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and
do not necessarily reflect the views of NOAA, NSF, DOE or NASA. We thank
the HIPPO science team and the crew and support staff at the NCAR
Research Aviation Facility. We acknowledge the World Climate Research
Programme's Working Group on Coupled Modelling, which is responsible for
CMIP, and we thank the climate modeling groups for producing and making
available their model output. Support of the CMIP data sets is provided
by the Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy. C. Roedenbeck
provided assistance with the TM3 model. P. K. P. is partially supported
by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
Green Network of Excellence program. G. W. S. acknowledges support from
the NSF Graduate Research Fellowship Program and the Environmental
Protection Agency's Science to Achieve Results program.
NR 44
TC 77
Z9 77
U1 13
U2 190
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD SEP 6
PY 2013
VL 341
IS 6150
BP 1085
EP 1089
DI 10.1126/science.1239207
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 211TG
UT WOS:000323933100037
PM 23929948
ER
PT J
AU Verdal, N
Udovic, TJ
Rush, JJ
Liu, XF
Majzoub, EH
Vajo, JJ
Gross, AF
AF Verdal, Nina
Udovic, Terrence J.
Rush, John J.
Liu, Xiangfeng
Majzoub, Eric H.
Vajo, John J.
Gross, Adam F.
TI Dynamical Perturbations of Tetrahydroborate Anions in LiBH4 due to
Nanoconfinement in Controlled-Pore Carbon Scaffolds
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
LA English
DT Article
ID ELASTIC NEUTRON-SCATTERING; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; NANOPOROUS CARBON;
REORIENTATIONS; SPECTROMETER; SPECTROSCOPY; EVOLUTION; HYDROGEN;
MOTIONS; RAMAN
AB Neutron vibrational spectroscopy and quasielastic neutron scattering (QENS) were used to probe the dynamical properties of BH4 anions in both bulk LiBH4 and LiBH4 confined in nanoporous carbons (NPCs) having =4-nm-diameter, hexagonally arranged, cylindrical pores. The BH4 torsional band of the confined LiBH4 is significantly broadened relative to that of bulk LiBH4, reflecting a disruption of the bulk crystal lattice and thus a broader distribution of BH4- rotational potentials. QENS measurements of bulk orthorhombic LiBH4 indicate a single quasielastic component yielding an activation energy for localized BH4- jump reorientation of 19.2 +/- 0.8 kJ/mol, consistent with previous QENS and NMR results. At room temperature, the measurements are in good agreement with BH4- reorientational jumps about a single C-2 or C3 tetrahedral symmetry axis, with evidence for multiaxis rotations emerging as the temperature increases. In contrast, the QENS spectra of the NPC-confined LiBH4 exhibit two quasielastic components, one an order of magnitude broader than the other. The narrower component is presumably associated with more slowly reorienting BH4 anions in the interior of the pores and the broader component with much more rapidly reorienting BH4 anions in the vicinity of the pore surfaces. For 4-nm pores, these components yield two corresponding activation energies for reorientation: 16 +/- 1 and 10.6 +/- 0.7 kJ/mol. The data suggest that both components undergo single C-2- or C3-axis reorientational jumps below 330 K, albeit with one an order of magnitude faster than the other. By 400 K (which is above the bulk phase transition temperature), both reorient more diffusively around multiple axes. These results were found to be qualitatively consistent with comparative dynamical measurements of LiBH4 confined in a 13-nm-average-pore-size carbon aerogel, which exhibited a much broader pore size distribution.
C1 [Verdal, Nina; Udovic, Terrence J.; Rush, John J.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Verdal, Nina; Rush, John J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Liu, Xiangfeng; Majzoub, Eric H.] Univ Missouri, Ctr Nanosci, St Louis, MO 63121 USA.
[Liu, Xiangfeng; Majzoub, Eric H.] Univ Missouri, Dept Phys & Astron, St Louis, MO 63121 USA.
[Liu, Xiangfeng] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Coll Mat Sci & Optoelect Technol, Beijing 10049, Peoples R China.
[Vajo, John J.; Gross, Adam F.] HRL Labs LLC, Malibu, CA 90265 USA.
RP Verdal, N (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM nina.verdal@nist.gov
FU DOE-EERE [DE-AI-01-05EE11104, DE-EE0002978, DE-AC0494AL85000,
DE-FC36-05GO15067]; Hundred Talents Project; National Basic Research
Program of China (973 Program) [2010CB833101]; National Science
Foundation [DMR-0944772]
FX The authors are grateful to Dr. Michael R. Hartman for his assistance in
the preparation of the partially filled aerogel sample. This work was
supported in part by DOE-EERE under Grants DE-AI-01-05EE11104,
DE-EE0002978, DE-AC0494AL85000, and DE-FC36-05GO15067. The Work at the
University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences was supported by "Hundred
Talents Project" and the National Basic Research Program of China (973
Program, 2010CB833101). This work utilized facilities supported in part
by the National Science Foundation under Agreement DMR-0944772.
NR 35
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 19
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1932-7447
J9 J PHYS CHEM C
JI J. Phys. Chem. C
PD SEP 5
PY 2013
VL 117
IS 35
BP 17983
EP 17995
DI 10.1021/jp4063737
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 296CN
UT WOS:000330162800011
ER
PT J
AU Abecassis, M
Senina, I
Lehodey, P
Gaspar, P
Parker, D
Balazs, G
Polovina, J
AF Abecassis, Melanie
Senina, Inna
Lehodey, Patrick
Gaspar, Philippe
Parker, Denise
Balazs, George
Polovina, Jeffrey
TI A Model of Loggerhead Sea Turtle (Caretta caretta) Habitat and Movement
in the Oceanic North Pacific
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID FISHERIES BYCATCH; LONGLINE FISHERY; PELAGIC HABITAT; ANIMAL BEHAVIOR;
DYNAMICS MODEL; BODY-SIZE; JUVENILE; TUNA; TEMPERATURE; POPULATION
AB Habitat preferences for juvenile loggerhead turtles in the North Pacific were investigated with data from two several-year long tagging programs, using 224 satellite transmitters deployed on wild and captive-reared turtles. Animals ranged between 23 and 81 cm in straight carapace length. Tracks were used to investigate changes in temperature preferences and speed of the animals with size. Average sea surface temperatures along the tracks ranged from 18 to 23 degrees C. Bigger turtles generally experienced larger temperature ranges and were encountered in warmer surface waters. Seasonal differences between small and big turtles suggest that the larger ones dive deeper than the mixed layer and subsequently target warmer surface waters to rewarm. Average swimming speeds were under 1 km/h and increased with size for turtles bigger than 30 cm. However, when expressed in body lengths per second (bl s(-1)), smaller turtles showed much higher swimming speeds (>1 bl s(-1)) than bigger ones (0.5 bl s(-1)). Temperature and speed values at size estimated from the tracks were used to parameterize a habitat- based Eulerian model to predict areas of highest probability of presence in the North Pacific. The model-generated habitat index generally matched the tracks closely, capturing the north-south movements of tracked animals, but the model failed to replicate observed east-west movements, suggesting temperature and foraging preferences are not the only factors driving large-scale loggerhead movements. Model outputs could inform potential bycatch reduction strategies.
C1 [Abecassis, Melanie; Parker, Denise] Univ Hawaii, Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Senina, Inna; Lehodey, Patrick; Gaspar, Philippe] Collecte Localisat Satellite, Ramonville St Agne, France.
[Balazs, George; Polovina, Jeffrey] NOAA, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA.
RP Abecassis, M (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
EM melanie.abecassis@noaa.gov
OI Lehodey, Patrick/0000-0002-2753-4796
NR 72
TC 19
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 37
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD SEP 5
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 9
AR e73274
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0073274
PG 18
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 219CG
UT WOS:000324481600062
PM 24039901
ER
PT J
AU Moore, M
Berejikian, BA
Tezak, EP
AF Moore, Megan
Berejikian, Barry A.
Tezak, Eugene P.
TI A Floating Bridge Disrupts Seaward Migration and Increases Mortality of
Steelhead Smolts in Hood Canal, Washington State
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID JUVENILE CHINOOK SALMON; TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; COLUMBIA RIVER;
BRITISH-COLUMBIA; HARBOR SEALS; MARINE MORTALITY; PHOCA-VITULINA;
PACIFIC SALMON; COHO SALMON; PREDATION
AB Background: Habitat modifications resulting from human transportation and power-generation infrastructure (e.g., roads, dams, bridges) can impede movement and alter natural migration patterns of aquatic animal populations, which may negatively affect survival and population viability. Full or partial barriers are especially problematic for migratory species whose life histories hinge on habitat connectivity.
Methodology/Principal Findings: The Hood Canal Bridge, a floating structure spanning the northern outlet of Hood Canal in Puget Sound, Washington, extends 3.6 meters underwater and forms a partial barrier for steelhead migrating from Hood Canal to the Pacific Ocean. We used acoustic telemetry to monitor migration behavior and mortality of steelhead smolts passing four receiver arrays and several single receivers within the Hood Canal, Puget Sound, and Strait of Juan de Fuca. Twenty-seven mortality events were detected within the vicinity of the Hood Canal Bridge, while only one mortality was recorded on the other 325 receivers deployed throughout the study area. Migrating steelhead smolts were detected at the Hood Canal Bridge array with greater frequency, on more receivers, and for longer durations than smolts migrating past three comparably configured arrays. Longer migration times and paths are likely to result in a higher density of smolts near the bridge in relation to other sites along the migration route, possibly inducing an aggregative predator response to steelhead smolts.
Conclusions/Significance: This study provides strong evidence of substantial migration interference and increased mortality risk associated with the Hood Canal Bridge, and may partially explain low early marine survival rates observed in Hood Canal steelhead populations. Understanding where habitat modifications indirectly increase predation pressures on threatened populations helps inform potential approaches to mitigation.
C1 [Moore, Megan; Berejikian, Barry A.; Tezak, Eugene P.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Manchester Res Lab, Manchester, WA USA.
RP Moore, M (reprint author), Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Manchester Res Lab, Manchester, WA USA.
EM megan.moore@noaa.gov
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Fisheries
FX This study was funded through National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration Fisheries. The funders had no role in study design, data
collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the
manuscript.
NR 49
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 20
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD SEP 5
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 9
AR e73427
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0073427
PG 10
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 219CG
UT WOS:000324481600075
PM 24039937
ER
PT J
AU Richerme, P
Senko, C
Korenblit, S
Smith, J
Lee, A
Islam, R
Campbell, WC
Monroe, C
AF Richerme, P.
Senko, C.
Korenblit, S.
Smith, J.
Lee, A.
Islam, R.
Campbell, W. C.
Monroe, C.
TI Quantum Catalysis of Magnetic Phase Transitions in a Quantum Simulator
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID TRAPPED IONS; LATTICE; SPINS
AB We control quantum fluctuations to create the ground state magnetic phases of a classical Ising model with a tunable longitudinal magnetic field using a system of 6 to 10 atomic ion spins. Because of the long-range Ising interactions, the various ground state spin configurations are separated by multiple first-order phase transitions, which in our zero temperature system cannot be driven by thermal fluctuations. We instead use a transverse magnetic field as a quantum catalyst to observe the first steps of the complete fractal devil's staircase, which emerges in the thermodynamic limit and can be mapped to a large number of many-body and energy-optimization problems.
C1 [Richerme, P.; Senko, C.; Korenblit, S.; Smith, J.; Lee, A.; Monroe, C.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Richerme, P.; Senko, C.; Korenblit, S.; Smith, J.; Lee, A.; Monroe, C.] NIST, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Islam, R.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Campbell, W. C.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
RP Richerme, P (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RI Monroe, Christopher/G-8105-2011
FU U.S. Army Research Office (ARO) [W911NF0710576]; DARPA Optical Lattice
Emulator Program; IARPA MQCO Program; NSF Physics Frontier Center at
JQI; ARO [W911NF0410234]
FX The authors wish to thank Robijn Bruinsma for helpful discussions. This
work is supported by the U.S. Army Research Office (ARO) Award No.
W911NF0710576 with funds from the DARPA Optical Lattice Emulator
Program, ARO Award No. W911NF0410234 with funds from the IARPA MQCO
Program, and the NSF Physics Frontier Center at JQI.
NR 36
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 11
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD SEP 5
PY 2013
VL 111
IS 10
AR 100506
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.100506
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 215TE
UT WOS:000324232600003
PM 25166645
ER
PT J
AU Turgut, E
Grychtol, P
La-O-Vorakiat, C
Adams, DE
Kapteyn, HC
Murnane, MM
Mathias, S
Aeschlimann, M
Schneider, CM
Shaw, JM
Nembach, HT
Silva, TJ
AF Turgut, Emrah
Grychtol, Patrik
La-O-Vorakiat, Chan
Adams, Daniel E.
Kapteyn, Henry C.
Murnane, Margaret M.
Mathias, Stefan
Aeschlimann, Martin
Schneider, Claus M.
Shaw, Justin M.
Nembach, Hans T.
Silva, Thomas J.
TI Reply to "Comment on 'Ultrafast Demagnetization Measurements Using
Extreme Ultraviolet Light: Comparison of Electronic and Magnetic
Contributions'"
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW X
LA English
DT Editorial Material
AB The Comment of Vodungbo et al. recognizes that a unique determination of the refractive-index variation over time is not possible using the data set in our paper, "Ultrafast Demagnetization Measurements Using Extreme Ultraviolet Light: Comparison of Electronic and Magnetic Contributions." Furthermore, it was suggested that the lack of uniqueness allows for the possibility of a very specific time-dependent trajectory of the refractive index in the complex plane that could give rise to a large nonmagnetic modulation of the measured asymmetry, in spite of a negligible change in the s-polarized reflectivity. In this Reply, we conclusively show that any nonmagnetic contribution to the measured asymmetry is indeed negligible (< 2%), below the noise level of the magnetic-asymmetry measurements. First, we use a few additional measurements to unambiguously rule out the presence of any nonmagnetic contributions to the signal. Second, we show that the scenario proposed by Vodungbo et al. would require both exotic time and energy dependences of the refractive index near the M edge that are extremely unlikely (virtually impossible) in real materials. Thus, the conclusions of our original article are preserved.
C1 [Turgut, Emrah; Grychtol, Patrik; La-O-Vorakiat, Chan; Adams, Daniel E.; Kapteyn, Henry C.; Murnane, Margaret M.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Turgut, Emrah; Grychtol, Patrik; La-O-Vorakiat, Chan; Adams, Daniel E.; Kapteyn, Henry C.; Murnane, Margaret M.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Turgut, Emrah; Grychtol, Patrik; La-O-Vorakiat, Chan; Adams, Daniel E.; Kapteyn, Henry C.; Murnane, Margaret M.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Mathias, Stefan; Aeschlimann, Martin] Univ Kaiserslautern, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
[Mathias, Stefan; Aeschlimann, Martin] Res Ctr OPTIMAS, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
[Schneider, Claus M.] Forschungszentrum Julich, Peter Grunberg Inst, D-52425 Julich, Germany.
[Shaw, Justin M.; Nembach, Hans T.; Silva, Thomas J.] NIST, Electromagnet Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Turgut, E (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RI Shaw, Justin/C-1845-2008; Kapteyn, Henry/H-6559-2011; Aeschlimann,
Martin/D-7141-2011; Turgut, Emrah/D-2616-2014; Mathias,
Stefan/I-4679-2012; Schneider, Claus/H-7453-2012; Silva,
Thomas/C-7605-2013;
OI Shaw, Justin/0000-0003-2027-1521; Kapteyn, Henry/0000-0001-8386-6317;
Aeschlimann, Martin/0000-0003-3413-5029; Turgut,
Emrah/0000-0001-8846-2223; Schneider, Claus/0000-0002-3920-6255; Silva,
Thomas/0000-0001-8164-9642; Grychtol, Patrik/0000-0002-7042-9334
NR 7
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 28
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2160-3308
J9 PHYS REV X
JI Phys. Rev. X
PD SEP 4
PY 2013
VL 3
IS 3
AR 038002
DI 10.1103/PhysRevX.3.038002
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 211XZ
UT WOS:000323946900002
ER
PT J
AU Hartshorn, CM
Lee, YJ
Camp, CH
Liu, Z
Heddleston, J
Canfield, N
Rhodes, TA
Walker, ARH
Marsac, PJ
Cicerone, MT
AF Hartshorn, Christopher M.
Lee, Young Jong
Camp, Charles H., Jr.
Liu, Zhen
Heddleston, John
Canfield, Nicole
Rhodes, Timothy A.
Walker, Angela R. Hight
Marsac, Patrick J.
Cicerone, Marcus T.
TI Multicomponent Chemical Imaging of Pharmaceutical Solid Dosage Forms
with Broadband CARS Microscopy
SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID STOKES-RAMAN SCATTERING; QUALITY-CONTROL; INDOMETHACIN; SPECTROSCOPY;
BIOAVAILABILITY; TRANSFORM; BLENDS; TABLET; ORDER; FIBER
AB We compare a coherent Raman imaging modality, broadband coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (BCARS) microscopy, with spontaneous Raman microscopy for quantitative and qualitative assessment of multicomponent pharmaceuticals. Indomethacin was used as a model active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and was analyzed in a tabulated solid dosage form, embedded within commonly used excipients. In comparison with wide-field spontaneous Raman chemical imaging, BCARS acquired images 10x faster, at higher spatiochemical resolution and with spectra of much higher SNR, eliminating the need for multivariate methods to identify chemical components. The significant increase in spatiochemical resolution allowed identification of an unanticipated API phase that was missed by the spontaneous wide-field method and bulk Raman spectroscopy. We confirmed the presence of the unanticipated API phase using that was missed by the spontaneous wide-field method and bulk Raman spectroscopy. We confirmed the presence of the unanticipated API phase using confocal spontaneous Raman, which provided spatiochemical resolution similar to BCARS but at 100x slower acquisition times.
C1 [Hartshorn, Christopher M.; Lee, Young Jong; Camp, Charles H., Jr.; Heddleston, John; Walker, Angela R. Hight; Cicerone, Marcus T.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Canfield, Nicole; Rhodes, Timothy A.] Merck, Analyt Sci, Rahway, NJ 07065 USA.
[Liu, Zhen; Marsac, Patrick J.] Merck, Mol & Mat Characterizat, West Point, PA 19486 USA.
RP Cicerone, MT (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM cicerone@nist.gov
RI Lee, Young Jong/B-7129-2008; Hight Walker, Angela/C-3373-2009;
OI Lee, Young Jong/0000-0001-7754-3001; Hight Walker,
Angela/0000-0003-1385-0672; Camp Jr, Charles/0000-0002-5805-1842
FU NIBIB NIH HHS [P41 EB001046]
NR 52
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 5
U2 45
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0003-2700
EI 1520-6882
J9 ANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Chem.
PD SEP 3
PY 2013
VL 85
IS 17
BP 8102
EP 8111
DI 10.1021/ac400671p
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 294BL
UT WOS:000330017300014
PM 23855585
ER
PT J
AU Radney, JG
Ma, XF
Gillis, KA
Zachariah, MR
Hodges, JT
Zangmeister, CD
AF Radney, James G.
Ma, Xiaofei
Gillis, Keith A.
Zachariah, Michael R.
Hodges, Joseph T.
Zangmeister, Christopher D.
TI Direct Measurements of Mass-Specific Optical Cross Sections of
Single-Component Aerosol Mixtures
SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID DIFFERENTIAL MOBILITY ANALYZER; PARTICLE MASS; BLACK CARBON;
LIGHT-ABSORPTION; MIXING STATE; ATMOSPHERIC PARTICLES; EFFECTIVE
DENSITY; SOOT; SPECTROSCOPY; CALIBRATION
AB The optical properties of atmospheric aerosols vary widely, being dependent upon particle composition, morphology, and mixing state. This diversity and complexity of aerosols motivates measurement techniques that can discriminate and quantify a variety of single- and multicomponent aerosols that are both internally and externally mixed. Here, we present a new combination of techniques to directly measure the mass-specific extinction and absorption cross sections of laboratory-generated aerosols that are relevant to atmospheric studies. Our approach employs a tandem differential mobility analyzer, an aerosol particle mass analyzer, cavity ring-down and photoacoustic spectrometers, and a condensation particle counter. This suite of instruments enables measurement of aerosol particle size, mass, extinction and absorption coefficients, and aerosol number density, respectively. Taken together, these observables yield the mass-specific extinction and absorption cross sections without the need to model particle morphology or account for sample collection artifacts. Here we demonstrate the technique in a set of case studies which involve complete separation of aerosol by charge, separation of an external mixture by mass, and discrimination between particle types by effective density. and single-scattering albedo.
C1 [Radney, James G.; Ma, Xiaofei; Gillis, Keith A.; Zachariah, Michael R.; Hodges, Joseph T.; Zangmeister, Christopher D.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Radney, James G.; Ma, Xiaofei; Zachariah, Michael R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mech Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Radney, James G.; Ma, Xiaofei; Zachariah, Michael R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Zangmeister, CD (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM Christopher.Zangmeister@nist.gov
OI Radney, James/0000-0001-7324-8769
NR 48
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 37
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0003-2700
EI 1520-6882
J9 ANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Chem.
PD SEP 3
PY 2013
VL 85
IS 17
BP 8319
EP 8325
DI 10.1021/ac401645y
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 294BL
UT WOS:000330017300043
PM 23875772
ER
PT J
AU Goncalves, LCP
Da Silva, SM
DeRose, PC
Ando, RA
Bastos, EL
AF Pires Goncalves, Leticia Christina
Da Silva, Sandra Maria
DeRose, Paul C.
Ando, Romulo Augusto
Bastos, Erick Leite
TI Beetroot-Pigment-Derived Colorimetric Sensor for Detection of Calcium
Dipicolinate in Bacterial Spores
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID SENSITIZED SOLAR-CELLS; ENHANCED RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS;
BIOLOGICAL WEAPON; RAPID DETECTION; BETANIN; LUMINESCENCE; BIOMARKER;
CEREUS; ASSAY
AB In this proof-of-concept study, we describe the use of the main red beet pigment betanin for the quantification of calcium dipicolinate in bacterial spores, including Bacillus anthracis. In the presence of europium(III) ions, betanin is converted to a water-soluble, non-luminescent orange 1: 1 complex with a stability constant of 1.4x10(5) L mol(-1). The addition of calcium dipicolinate, largely found in bacterial spores, changes the color of the aqueous solution of [Eu(Bn)(+)] from orange to magenta. The limit of detection (LOD) of calcium dipicolinate is around 2.0x10(-6) mol L-1 and the LOD determined for both spores, B. cereus and B. anthracis, is (1.1 +/- 0.3)x10(6) spores mL(-1). This simple, green, fast and low cost colorimetric assay was selective for calcium dipicolinate when compared to several analogous compounds. The importance of this work relies on the potential use of betalains, raw natural pigments, as colorimetric sensors for biological applications.
C1 [Pires Goncalves, Leticia Christina] Univ Fed ABC, Ctr Ciencias Nat & Humanas, Santo Andre, SP, Brazil.
[Da Silva, Sandra Maria; DeRose, Paul C.] NIST, Biosyst & Biomat Div, Chem Sci Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Ando, Romulo Augusto; Bastos, Erick Leite] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Quim, Dept Quim Fundamental, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
RP Bastos, EL (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Quim, Dept Quim Fundamental, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
EM elbastos@iq.usp.br
RI Ando, Romulo/C-9665-2012; Bastos, Erick/F-8746-2012; Institute of
Chemistry - USP, Dept. of Chemistry/B-8988-2012
OI Ando, Romulo/0000-0002-3872-8094; Bastos, Erick/0000-0002-0592-9455;
FU Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) [07/00684-6, 11/23036-5]; FAPESP
[07/59407-1]; Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education
Personnel (CAPES) [PNPD 427-10/2009]
FX Funding was provided by the Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP,
07/00684-6 and 11/23036-5). LCPG was supported by a FAPESP fellowship
(07/59407-1) and the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher
Education Personnel (CAPES, PNPD 427-10/2009) fellowship. The funders
had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to
publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 47
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 26
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD SEP 3
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 9
AR e73701
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0073701
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 217DY
UT WOS:000324338200076
PM 24019934
ER
PT J
AU Pendleton, LH
Sutton-Grier, AE
Gordon, DR
Murray, BC
Victor, BE
Griffis, RB
Lechuga, JAV
Giri, C
AF Pendleton, Linwood H.
Sutton-Grier, Ariana E.
Gordon, David R.
Murray, Brian C.
Victor, Britta E.
Griffis, Roger B.
Lechuga, Jen A. V.
Giri, Chandra
TI Considering "Coastal Carbon" in Existing US Federal Statutes and
Policies
SO COASTAL MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE agency; assessment; ecosystem service; environmental impact;
implementation
ID MANGROVES; WETLANDS
AB Coastal ecosystems such as mangroves, salt marshes, and seagrasses provide important ecosystem services, including nursery habitat for fish, shoreline protection, and the recently recognized service of carbon sequestration and storage. When these wetland ecosystems are degraded or destroyed, the carbon can be released to the atmosphere, where it adds to the concentration of greenhouses gases (GHGs) that contribute to climate change. Many federal statutes and policies specifically require that impacts on ecosystem services be considered in policy implementation. Yet, no federal statute, regulation, or policy accounts directly for the carbon held in coastal habitats. There are a number of federal statutes and policies for which coastal carbon ecosystem services could reasonably be added to environmental and ecosystem considerations already implemented. We look at a subset of these statutes and policies to illustrate how coastal carbon ecosystem services and values might affect the implementation and outcomes of such statutes generally. We identify key steps for the inclusion of the ecosystem services of coastal habitats into the implementation of existing federal policies without statutory changes; doing so would increase the degree to which these policies consider the full economic and ecological impacts of policy actions.
C1 [Pendleton, Linwood H.; Gordon, David R.; Murray, Brian C.; Victor, Britta E.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Inst Environm Policy Solut, Durham, NC USA.
[Pendleton, Linwood H.; Sutton-Grier, Ariana E.; Griffis, Roger B.; Lechuga, Jen A. V.] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Giri, Chandra] US Geol Survey, USGS Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD USA.
RP Pendleton, LH (reprint author), Nicholas Inst, 2117 Campus Dr, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
EM linwood.pendleton@duke.edu
OI Sutton-Grier, Ariana/0000-0002-1242-7728
NR 46
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 7
U2 50
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0892-0753
J9 COAST MANAGE
JI Coast. Manage.
PD SEP 3
PY 2013
VL 41
IS 5
BP 439
EP 456
DI 10.1080/08920753.2013.822294
PG 18
WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 212QS
UT WOS:000323998500004
ER
PT J
AU Bloom, RS
Hu, MG
Cumby, TD
Jin, DS
AF Bloom, Ruth S.
Hu, Ming-Guang
Cumby, Tyler D.
Jin, Deborah S.
TI Tests of Universal Three-Body Physics in an Ultracold Bose-Fermi Mixture
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID INTERACTING PARTICLES; BOUND-STATES; ATOMS; SCATTERING; SYSTEMS
AB Recent measurements of Efimov resonances for a number of ultracold atom species have revealed an unexpected universality, in which three-body scattering properties are determined by the van der Waals length of the two-body interaction potential. To investigate whether this universality extends to hetero-nuclear mixtures, we measure loss rate coefficients in an ultracold trapped gas of K-40 and Rb-87 atoms. We find an Efimov-like resonance in the rate of inelastic collisions between (KRb)-K-40-Rb-87 Feshbach molecules and Rb-87 atoms. However, we do not observe any Efimov-related resonances in the rates of inelastic collisions between three atoms. These observations are compared to previous measurements by the LENS group of Efimov resonances in a K-41 and Rb-87 mixture as well as to recent predictions.
C1 [Bloom, Ruth S.] Univ Colorado, NIST, Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Bloom, RS (reprint author), Univ Colorado, NIST, Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
FU NSF-GRFP; NDSEG; National Science Foundation [1125844]; National
Institute of Standards and Technology
FX The authors thank Chris Greene, Jose D'Incao, John Bohn, Yujun Wang, and
Eric Cornell for discussions. R. S. B. acknowledges support from
NSF-GRFP and NDSEG. This work is supported by the National Science
Foundation under Grant No. 1125844 and by the National Institute of
Standards and Technology.
NR 48
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 3
U2 19
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD SEP 3
PY 2013
VL 111
IS 10
AR 105301
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.105301
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 211HW
UT WOS:000323898300015
PM 25166676
ER
PT J
AU Purdy, TP
Yu, PL
Peterson, RW
Kampel, NS
Regal, CA
AF Purdy, T. P.
Yu, P. -L.
Peterson, R. W.
Kampel, N. S.
Regal, C. A.
TI Strong Optomechanical Squeezing of Light
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW X
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM-NOISE REDUCTION; RADIATION PRESSURE; GROUND-STATE; CAVITY;
MIRROR
AB We create squeezed light by exploiting the quantum nature of the mechanical interaction between laser light and a membrane mechanical resonator embedded in an optical cavity. The radiation-pressure shot noise (fluctuating optical force from quantum laser amplitude noise) induces resonator motion well above that of thermally driven motion. This motion imprints a phase shift on the laser light, hence correlating the amplitude and phase noise, a consequence of which is optical squeezing. We experimentally demonstrate strong and continuous optomechanical squeezing of 1.7 +/- 0.2 dB below the shot-noise level. The peak level of squeezing measured near the mechanical resonance is well described by a model whose parameters are independently calibrated and that includes thermal motion of the membrane with no other classical noise sources.
C1 [Purdy, T. P.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Purdy, TP (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM tpp@jila.colorado.edu
RI Yu, Pen-Li/J-5062-2012
OI Yu, Pen-Li/0000-0002-7266-0708
FU National Science Foundation [1125844]; ONR; DARPA QuASAR Program; Clare
Boothe Luce Foundation
FX This material is based upon work supported by the National Science
Foundation under Grant No. 1125844, by the ONR Young Investigator
Program, and by the DARPA QuASAR Program. C. A. R. thanks the Clare
Boothe Luce Foundation for support.
NR 31
TC 130
Z9 130
U1 3
U2 43
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2160-3308
J9 PHYS REV X
JI Phys. Rev. X
PD SEP 3
PY 2013
VL 3
IS 3
AR 031012
DI 10.1103/PhysRevX.3.031012
PG 8
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 211GZ
UT WOS:000323895600001
ER
PT J
AU Weber, ED
Volstad, JH
Christman, MC
Lewis, D
Dew-Baxter, JR
AF Weber, Edward D.
Volstad, Jon Helge
Christman, Mary C.
Lewis, Danny
Dew-Baxter, Jodi R.
TI Application of a Demographic Model for Evaluating Proposed
Oyster-Restoration Actions in Chesapeake Bay
SO HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE oyster; demographic model; Chesapeake Bay; environmental impact
statement; environmental risk assessment
ID CRASSOSTREA-VIRGINICA GMELIN; DISEASE; ARIAKENSIS; RESISTANCE;
MORTALITY; SALINITY; HARVEST
AB A demographic model was developed for oyster populations in the Chesapeake Bay, USA, to explore population responses to proposed management actions in support of an Environmental Impact Statement and Environmental Risk Assessment for oyster restoration. The model indicated that high natural mortality due to disease strongly controlled the population of native Eastern oysters. Continuing restoration effort at recent levels was predicted not to increase oyster populations. An enhanced restoration program that included habitat improvement and stocking would likely increase populations, particularly in areas with lower salinity where disease prevalence was lower. However, population numbers would likely reach a plateau much less than the restoration goal a few years after enhanced restoration efforts ended. A harvest moratorium was predicted to have a smaller positive effect than enhanced restoration. A moratorium likely would take much longer than the 10-year restoration period to meet restoration goals given the present high natural mortality rates. The proposed introduction of non-native Suminoe oysters was not modeled because insufficient data existed with which to parameterize the model. These results were used semi-quantitatively in the Ecological Risk Assessment to evaluate population trajectories and speculate about population changes more than 10years after implementation of a management action.
C1 [Weber, Edward D.; Volstad, Jon Helge; Dew-Baxter, Jodi R.] Versar Inc, Columbia, MD USA.
[Christman, Mary C.] MCC Stat Consulting, Gainesville, FL USA.
[Lewis, Danny] Georgetown Univ, Washington, DC USA.
RP Weber, ED (reprint author), NOAA, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, 8604 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM ed.weber@noaa.gov
RI Weber, Edward/A-6986-2009
OI Weber, Edward/0000-0002-0942-434X
FU Maryland Department of Natural Resources via University of Maryland
Center for Environmental Studies; Maryland Department of Natural
Resources via Potomac River Fisheries Commission
FX We thank S. Schroeter, H. Townsend, and J. Stottrup for reviewing this
article. The work reported on in the articles in this series was funded
by the Maryland Department of Natural Resources, via cooperative
agreements with the University of Maryland Center for Environmental
Studies, and the Potomac River Fisheries Commission. Work on the ERA and
the EIS was conducted in collaboration with the Maryland Environmental
Service and performed under the direction and leadership of a management
team comprised of Mr. Thomas O'Connell, Maryland Department of Natural
Resources, Mr. Jack Travelstead, Virginia Marine Resources Commission,
Mr. A. C. Carpenter, Potomac River Fisheries Commission, and Mr. Mark
Mansfield, Norfolk District, USACE (CENAO). Technical direction was
provided by a Project Delivery Team consisting of representatives of:
Norfolk District, USACE (CENAO); Virginia Marine Resources Commission;
National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA);
Engineering Research and Development Center, USACE (ERDC); Atlantic
States Marine Fisheries Commission (ASMFC); Maryland Department of
Natural Resources (MD DNR); Potomac River Fisheries Commission; U. S.
Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA); and U. S. Fish and Wildlife
Service (FWS). The assessment relied on the considerable research on the
Asian oyster that was carried out by individuals at various universities
and government research laboratories. Many of those researchers provided
insights into data interpretation and reviewed various parts of the
assessment. The large number of contributors to the overall program are
identified in the various appendices of the Final PEIS and their
contributions to this effort are too numerous to summarize in a brief
acknowledgment.
NR 35
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 34
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1080-7039
J9 HUM ECOL RISK ASSESS
JI Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess.
PD SEP 3
PY 2013
VL 19
IS 5
BP 1187
EP 1203
DI 10.1080/10807039.2013.767110
PG 17
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 180PX
UT WOS:000321608200005
ER
PT J
AU Sundqvist, KM
Kintas, S
Simoen, M
Krantz, P
Sandberg, M
Wilson, CM
Delsing, P
AF Sundqvist, K. M.
Kintas, S.
Simoen, M.
Krantz, P.
Sandberg, M.
Wilson, C. M.
Delsing, P.
TI The pumpistor: A linearized model of a flux-pumped superconducting
quantum interference device for use as a negative-resistance parametric
amplifier
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID AMPLIFICATION; NOISE; CIRCUIT
AB We describe a circuit model for a flux-driven Superconducting QUantum Interference Device (SQUID). This is useful for developing insight into how these devices perform as active elements in parametric amplifiers. The key concept is that frequency mixing in a flux-pumped SQUID allows for the appearance of an effective negative resistance. In the three-wave, degenerate case treated here, a negative resistance appears only over a certain range of allowed input signal phase. This model readily lends itself to testable predictions of more complicated circuits. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Sundqvist, K. M.; Kintas, S.; Simoen, M.; Krantz, P.; Wilson, C. M.; Delsing, P.] Chalmers, Dept Microtechnol & Nanosci, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
[Sandberg, M.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Wilson, C. M.] Univ Waterloo, Inst Quantum Comp, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
[Wilson, C. M.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
RP Sundqvist, KM (reprint author), Chalmers, Dept Microtechnol & Nanosci, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
EM kyle.sundqvist@gmail.com
RI Delsing, Per/F-7288-2010; Krantz, Philip/Q-3701-2016
OI Delsing, Per/0000-0002-1222-3506; Krantz, Philip/0000-0002-8553-3353
FU Swedish Research Council; Wallenberg Foundation; EU through the ERC; EU
through project SCALEQIT; EU through project SOLID; EU through project
PROMISCE
FX We acknowledge support from the Swedish Research Council, the Wallenberg
Foundation, and the EU through the ERC and the projects SCALEQIT, SOLID,
and PROMISCE.
NR 24
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 17
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
EI 1077-3118
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD SEP 2
PY 2013
VL 103
IS 10
AR 102603
DI 10.1063/1.4819881
PG 4
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 217VG
UT WOS:000324389700041
ER
PT J
AU Malherbe, J
Claverie, F
Alvarez, A
Fernandez, B
Pereiro, R
Molloy, JL
AF Malherbe, Julien
Claverie, Fanny
Alvarez, Aitor
Fernandez, Beatriz
Pereiro, Rosario
Molloy, John L.
TI Elemental analyses of soil and sediment fused with lithium borate using
isotope dilution laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass
spectrometry
SO ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
DE Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; Trace
element; Isotope dilution mass spectrometry; Geological reference
materials
ID LA-ICP-MS; IRIDIUM-STRIP HEATER; TRACE-ELEMENTS; GEOLOGICAL-MATERIALS;
BULK ANALYSIS; ROCK GLASSES; SAMPLES; CALIBRATION; FRACTIONATION;
LI2B4O7
AB Quantitative analysis using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) remains challenging primarily due to the lack of appropriate reference materials available for the wide variety of samples of interest and to elemental fractionation effects. Isotopic dilution mass spectrometry (IDMS) is becoming the methodology of choice to address these issues because the different isotopes of an element represent near-perfect internal standards. In this work, we investigated the lithium borate fusion of powdered solid samples, including soils, sediments, rock mine waste and a meteorite, as a strategy to homogenously distribute, i.e. equilibrate the elements and the added isotopically enriched standards. A comparison of this methodology using two pulsed laser ablation systems (ArF* excimer and Nd:YAG) with different wavelengths as well as two ICP-MS instruments (quadrupole and double-focusing sector field) was performed. Emphasis was put on using standard equipment to show the potential of the proposed strategy for its application in routine laboratories. Cr, Zn, Ba, Sr and Pb were successfully determined by LA-ICP-IDMS in six Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) representing different matrices of environmental interest. Experimental results showed the SRM fused glasses exhibited a low level of heterogeneity (intra- and inter-sample) for both natural abundance and isotopically enriched samples (RSD <3%, n = 3, 1 sigma). A good agreement between experimental results and the certified values was also observed. (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Malherbe, Julien; Claverie, Fanny; Molloy, John L.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Measurement Lab, Div Chem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Alvarez, Aitor; Fernandez, Beatriz; Pereiro, Rosario] Univ Oviedo, Fac Chem, Dept Phys & Analyt Chem, E-33006 Oviedo, Spain.
RP Malherbe, J (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Measurement Lab, Div Chem Sci, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8391, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM malherbe.julien@hotmail.fr
RI Fernandez, Beatriz/D-1685-2014;
OI Fernandez, Beatriz/0000-0002-2592-1442; Pereiro,
Rosario/0000-0002-5936-7726
FU "Plan Nacional de I + D + I" (Spanish Ministry of Science and
Innovation) [MAT2010-20921-C02-01]; "Plan Nacional de I + D + I" (FEDER
Program) [MAT2010-20921-C02-01]
FX The authors acknowledge the Smithsonian Institution for providing the
powdered Allende meteorite. Moreover, the research group from the
University of Oviedo acknowledges support from "Plan Nacional de I + D +
I" (Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and FEDER Program)
through MAT2010-20921-C02-01.
NR 32
TC 7
Z9 9
U1 5
U2 51
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0003-2670
J9 ANAL CHIM ACTA
JI Anal. Chim. Acta
PD SEP 2
PY 2013
VL 793
BP 72
EP 78
DI 10.1016/j.aca.2013.07.031
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 210SS
UT WOS:000323855400009
PM 23953208
ER
PT J
AU Abbatiello, SE
Mani, DR
Schilling, B
MacLean, B
Zimmerman, LJ
Feng, XD
Cusack, MP
Sedransk, N
Hall, SC
Addona, T
Allen, S
Dodder, NG
Ghosh, M
Held, JM
Hedrick, V
Inerowicz, HD
Jackson, A
Keshishian, H
Kim, JW
Lyssand, JS
Riley, CP
Rudnick, P
Sadowski, P
Shaddox, K
Smith, D
Tomazela, D
Wahlander, A
Waldemarson, S
Whitwell, CA
You, J
Zhang, SC
Kinsinger, CR
Mesri, M
Rodriguez, H
Borchers, CH
Buck, C
Fisher, SJ
Gibson, BW
Liebler, D
MacCoss, M
Neubert, TA
Paulovich, A
Regnier, F
Skates, SJ
Tempst, P
Wang, M
Carr, SA
AF Abbatiello, Susan E.
Mani, D. R.
Schilling, Birgit
MacLean, Brendan
Zimmerman, Lisa J.
Feng, Xingdong
Cusack, Michael P.
Sedransk, Nell
Hall, Steven C.
Addona, Terri
Allen, Simon
Dodder, Nathan G.
Ghosh, Mousumi
Held, Jason M.
Hedrick, Victoria
Inerowicz, H. Dorota
Jackson, Angela
Keshishian, Hasmik
Kim, Jong Won
Lyssand, John S.
Riley, C. Paige
Rudnick, Paul
Sadowski, Pawel
Shaddox, Kent
Smith, Derek
Tomazela, Daniela
Wahlander, Asa
Waldemarson, Sofia
Whitwell, Corbin A.
You, Jinsam
Zhang, Shucha
Kinsinger, Christopher R.
Mesri, Mehdi
Rodriguez, Henry
Borchers, Christoph H.
Buck, Charles
Fisher, Susan J.
Gibson, Bradford W.
Liebler, Daniel
MacCoss, Michael
Neubert, Thomas A.
Paulovich, Amanda
Regnier, Fred
Skates, Steven J.
Tempst, Paul
Wang, Mu
Carr, Steven A.
TI Design, Implementation and Multisite Evaluation of a System Suitability
Protocol for the Quantitative Assessment of Instrument Performance in
Liquid Chromatography-Multiple Reaction Monitoring-MS (LC-MRM-MS)
SO MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PEPTIDE IMMUNOAFFINITY ENRICHMENT; ABSOLUTE
QUANTIFICATION; TARGETED PROTEOMICS; ISOTOPE-DILUTION; QUALITY-CONTROL;
PROTEINS; PLASMA; LC/MS/MS; ASSAYS
AB Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mass spectrometry coupled with stable isotope dilution (SID) and liquid chromatography (LC) is increasingly used in biological and clinical studies for precise and reproducible quantification of peptides and proteins in complex sample matrices. Robust LC-SID-MRM-MS-based assays that can be replicated across laboratories and ultimately in clinical laboratory settings require standardized protocols to demonstrate that the analysis platforms are performing adequately. We developed a system suitability protocol (SSP), which employs a predigested mixture of six proteins, to facilitate performance evaluation of LC-SID-MRM-MS instrument platforms, configured with nanoflow-LC systems interfaced to triple quadrupole mass spectrometers. The SSP was designed for use with low multiplex analyses as well as high multiplex approaches when software-driven scheduling of data acquisition is required. Performance was assessed by monitoring of a range of chromatographic and mass spectrometric metrics including peak width, chromatographic resolution, peak capacity, and the variability in peak area and analyte retention time (RT) stability. The SSP, which was evaluated in 11 laboratories on a total of 15 different instruments, enabled early diagnoses of LC and MS anomalies that indicated suboptimal LC-MRM-MS performance. The observed range in variation of each of the metrics scrutinized serves to define the criteria for optimized LCSID- MRM-MS platforms for routine use, with pass/ fail criteria for system suitability performance measures defined as peak area coefficient of variation < 0.15, peak width coefficient of variation < 0.15, standard deviation of RT < 0.15 min (9 s), and the RT drift < 0.5min (30 s). The deleterious effect of a marginally performing LC-SID-MRM-MS system on the limit of quantification (LOQ) in targeted quantitative assays illustrates the use and need for a SSP to establish robust and reliable system performance. Use of a SSP helps to ensure that analyte quantification measurements can be replicated with good precision within and across multiple laboratories and should facilitate more widespread use of MRM-MS technology by the basic biomedical and clinical laboratory research communities.
C1 [Abbatiello, Susan E.; Mani, D. R.; Addona, Terri; Keshishian, Hasmik; Carr, Steven A.] Broad Inst MIT & Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA.
[Schilling, Birgit; Cusack, Michael P.; Held, Jason M.; Gibson, Bradford W.] Buck Inst Res Aging, Novato, CA 94945 USA.
[MacLean, Brendan; Tomazela, Daniela; MacCoss, Michael] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Genome Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Zimmerman, Lisa J.; Shaddox, Kent; Whitwell, Corbin A.; Liebler, Daniel] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
[Feng, Xingdong; Sedransk, Nell] Natl Inst Stat Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
[Hall, Steven C.; Allen, Simon; Fisher, Susan J.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Sci, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
[Dodder, Nathan G.; Rudnick, Paul] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Ghosh, Mousumi; Tempst, Paul] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, New York, NY 10065 USA.
[Hedrick, Victoria; Inerowicz, H. Dorota; Riley, C. Paige; Buck, Charles; Regnier, Fred] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Jackson, Angela; Smith, Derek; Borchers, Christoph H.] Univ Victoria, Genome BC Prote Ctr, Victoria, BC V8Z 7X8, Canada.
[Kim, Jong Won; You, Jinsam; Wang, Mu] Indiana Univ Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA.
[Lyssand, John S.; Sadowski, Pawel; Wahlander, Asa; Waldemarson, Sofia; Neubert, Thomas A.] NYU, Sch Med, Kimmel Ctr Biol & Med, Skirball Inst, New York, NY 10016 USA.
[Lyssand, John S.; Sadowski, Pawel; Wahlander, Asa; Waldemarson, Sofia; Neubert, Thomas A.] NYU, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol, New York, NY 10016 USA.
[Zhang, Shucha; Paulovich, Amanda] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98109 USA.
[Kinsinger, Christopher R.; Mesri, Mehdi; Rodriguez, Henry] NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Skates, Steven J.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Biostat Ctr, Boston, MA 02114 USA.
RP Abbatiello, SE (reprint author), Broad Inst MIT & Harvard, 7 Cambridge Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA.
EM susana@broad.mit.edu
RI Dodder, Nathan/C-7971-2015;
OI Dodder, Nathan/0000-0001-5913-1767; Tempst, Paul/0000-0002-6680-3987;
Held, Jason/0000-0001-8024-2736; Liebler, Daniel/0000-0002-7873-3031
FU National Cancer Institute [U24 CA126476, U24 126477, U24 126480, U24
CA126485, U24 126479]; National Institute of Standards and Technology
[70NANB9H9001]; NCRR [S10 RR0021222]; National Institute of Statistical
Sciences
FX This work was supported by grants from the National Cancer Institute
(U24 CA126476, U24 126477, U24 126480, U24 CA126485, and U24 126479),
part of NCI Clinical Proteomic Technologies for Cancer
(http://proteomics.cancer.gov) initiative. A component of this
initiative is the Clinical Proteomic Technology Assessment for Cancer
(CPTAC) Network and teams, which include the Broad Institute of MIT and
Harvard (with the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Massachusetts
General Hospital, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, the
University of Victoria and the Plasma Proteome Institute), Memorial
Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (with the Skirball Institute at New York
University), Purdue University (with Monarch Life Sciences, Indiana
University, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis and the
Hoosier Oncology Group), University of California, San Francisco (with
the Buck Institute for Age Research, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, and the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center),
and Vanderbilt University School of Medicine (with the University of
Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, the University of Washington, and
the University of Arizona). The UCSF CPTAC team gratefully acknowledges
the support of the Canary Foundation for providing funds to purchase a
4000 QTRAP mass spectrometer. The Vanderbilt CPTAC team was additionally
supported by Cooperative Agreement No. 70NANB9H9001 from the National
Institute of Standards and Technology. BWG acknowledges instrumentation
to the Buck Institute from an NCRR Shared Instrumentation grant S10
RR0021222. The NCI CPTAC also supported the work by the National
Institute of Statistical Sciences.
NR 35
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U1 0
U2 27
PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA
SN 1535-9476
EI 1535-9484
J9 MOL CELL PROTEOMICS
JI Mol. Cell. Proteomics
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 12
IS 9
BP 2623
EP 2639
DI 10.1074/mcp.M112.027078
PG 17
WC Biochemical Research Methods
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 301MM
UT WOS:000330536400019
PM 23689285
ER
PT J
AU Widegren, JA
Bruno, TJ
AF Widegren, Jason A.
Bruno, Thomas J.
TI Thermal Stability of RP-2 as a Function of Composition: The Effect of
Linear, Branched, and Cyclic Alkanes
SO ENERGY & FUELS
LA English
DT Article
ID C-10-C-14 NORMAL-ALKANES; DECOMPOSITION KINETICS; REACTION-MECHANISMS;
N-DODECANE; FUELS; 1,3,5-TRIISOPROPYLCYCLOHEXANE; PROPELLANTS
AB The objective of this work was to identify compositional changes that could improve the thermal stability of the kerosene rocket propellant known as RP-2. For this study, we probed the effect of different types of alkanes on the thermal stability of RP-2. The proportion of linear, branched, or cyclic alkanes was increased by mixing RP-2 with one of the following alkanes (25% by mass): n-dodecane, n-tetradecane, 4-methyldodecane, 2,6,10-trimethyldodecane, or 1,3,5-triisopropylcyclohexane. These mixtures were thermally stressed in stainless steel ampule reactors at 673 K (400 degrees C, 752 degrees F) for up to 4 h. After each reaction, the stressed fuel was analyzed by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. The decomposition kinetics of each added alkane was determined from the decrease in its chromatographic peak. The overall decomposition kinetics of each fuel mixture was determined from the increase in a suite of chromatographic peaks that correspond to light decomposition products. These data are compared to similar data for neat RP-2.
C1 [Widegren, Jason A.; Bruno, Thomas J.] NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Bruno, TJ (reprint author), NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM bruno@boulder.nist.gov
FU Air Force Research Laboratory [MIPR F4FBEX1053G001]
FX We gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Air Force Research
Laboratory (MIPR F4FBEX1053G001). We thank Matthew Billingsley (AFRL,
Edwards Air Force Base) and Ronald Bates (CPIAC) for useful discussions
and for supplying the RP-2. We thank Marcia Huber (National Institute of
Standards and Technology) for calculations of reaction pressure.
NR 34
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Z9 4
U1 3
U2 15
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0887-0624
EI 1520-5029
J9 ENERG FUEL
JI Energy Fuels
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 27
IS 9
BP 5138
EP 5143
DI 10.1021/ef401677g
PG 6
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 295ES
UT WOS:000330100000012
ER
PT J
AU Herzing, AA
Ro, HW
Soles, CL
Delongchamp, DM
AF Herzing, Andrew A.
Ro, Hyun Wook
Soles, Christopher L.
Delongchamp, Dean M.
TI Visualization of Phase Evolution in Model Organic Photovoltaic
Structures via Energy-Filtered Transmission Electron Microscopy
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE TEM; EF-TEM; organic photovoltaics; microanalysis; P3HT; PCBM
ID HETEROJUNCTION SOLAR-CELLS; POLYMER-FULLERENE BLENDS; MORPHOLOGY;
EFFICIENCY; NANOSCALE; TEM; ORGANIZATION; SPECIMEN; PCBM
AB The morphology of the active layer in an organic photovoltaic bulk-heterojunction device is controlled by the extent and nature of phase separation during processing. We have studied the effects of fullerene crystallinity during heat treatment in model structures consisting of a layer of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) sandwiched between two layers of [6,6]-phenyl-C-61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). Utilizing a combination of focused ion-beam milling and energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy, we monitored the local changes in phase distribution as a function of annealing time at 140 degrees C. In both cases, dissolution of PCBM within the surrounding P3HT was directly visualized and quantitatively described. In the absence of crystalline PCBM, the overall phase distribution remained stable after intermediate annealing times up to 60s, whereas microscale PCBM aggregates were observed after annealing for 300 s. Aggregate growth proceeded vertically from the substrate interface via uptake of PCBM from the surrounding region, resulting in a large PCBM-depleted region in their vicinity. When precrystallized PCBM was present, amorphous PCBM was observed to segregate from the intermediate P3HT layer and ripen the crystalline PCBM underneath, owing to the far lower solubility of crystalline PCBM within P3HT. This process occurred rapidly, with segregation already evident after annealing for 10 s and with uptake of nearly all of the amorphous PCBM by the crystalline layer after 60s. No microscale aggregates were observed in the precrystallized system, even after annealing for 300 s.
C1 [Herzing, Andrew A.; Ro, Hyun Wook; Soles, Christopher L.; Delongchamp, Dean M.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Herzing, AA (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM andrew.herzing@nist.gov
NR 31
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Z9 10
U1 4
U2 39
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
EI 1936-086X
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 7
IS 9
BP 7937
EP 7944
DI 10.1021/nn402992y
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 294BH
UT WOS:000330016900053
PM 23930979
ER
PT J
AU Baumann-Pickering, S
McDonald, MA
Simonis, AE
Berga, AS
Merkens, KPB
Oleson, EM
Roch, MA
Wiggins, SM
Rankin, S
Yack, TM
Hildebrand, JA
AF Baumann-Pickering, Simone
McDonald, Mark A.
Simonis, Anne E.
Solsona Berga, Alba
Merkens, Karlina P. B.
Oleson, Erin M.
Roch, Marie A.
Wiggins, Sean M.
Rankin, Shannon
Yack, Tina M.
Hildebrand, John A.
TI Species-specific beaked whale echolocation signals
SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID VOCAL-TRACT LENGTH; BODY-SIZE; MESOPLODON-DENSIROSTRIS; BATS; EVOLUTION;
FREQUENCY; CONSTRAINTS; ACOUSTICS; DOLPHINS; PACIFIC
AB Beaked whale echolocation signals are mostly frequency-modulated (FM) upsweep pulses and appear to be species specific. Evolutionary processes of niche separation may have driven differentiation of beaked whale signals used for spatial orientation and foraging. FM pulses of eight species of beaked whales were identified, as well as five distinct pulse types of unknown species, but presumed to be from beaked whales. Current evidence suggests these five distinct but unidentified FM pulse types are also species-specific and are each produced by a separate species. There may be a relationship between adult body length and center frequency with smaller whales producing higher frequency signals. This could be due to anatomical and physiological restraints or it could be an evolutionary adaption for detection of smaller prey for smaller whales with higher resolution using higher frequencies. The disadvantage of higher frequencies is a shorter detection range. Whales echolocating with the highest frequencies, or broadband, likely lower source level signals also use a higher repetition rate, which might compensate for the shorter detection range. Habitat modeling with acoustic detections should give further insights into how niches and prey may have shaped species-specific FM pulse types. (C) 2013 Acoustical Society of America.
C1 [Baumann-Pickering, Simone; Simonis, Anne E.; Merkens, Karlina P. B.; Wiggins, Sean M.; Hildebrand, John A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[McDonald, Mark A.] WhaleAcoustics, Bellvue, CO 80512 USA.
[Solsona Berga, Alba] Univ Barcelona, E-08007 Barcelona, Spain.
[Oleson, Erin M.] NOAA, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96814 USA.
[Roch, Marie A.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
[Rankin, Shannon] NOAA, Marine Mammal & Turtle Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Yack, Tina M.] Biowaves Inc, Encinitas, CA 92024 USA.
[Yack, Tina M.] Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Baumann-Pickering, S (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM sbaumann@ucsd.edu
FU BP; NOAA [20105138]
FX We thank the funding agencies Office of Naval Research, Mike Weise;
Chief of Naval Operations-N45, Frank Stone, Ernie Young and Bob Gisiner;
Pacific Fleet, Chip Johnson; Pacific Life Foundation, Bob Haskell; Ocean
Foundation, Mark Spaulding; Naval Post-Graduate School, Curt Collins and
John Joseph; BP and the Natural Resource Damage Assessment Partners; and
the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Pacific Islands
Fisheries Science Center. We also thank R. Baird, H. Bassett, J.
Burtenshaw, G. Campbell, T. Christianson, C. Garsha, R. Gottlieb, E.
Henderson, B. Hurley, J. Hurwitz, E. Jacobsen, J. Larese, T. Margolina,
D. McSweeney, C. Oedekoven, E. Roth, G. Schorr, B. Thayre, and D.
Webster for fieldwork, gear and analysis support. This material is
partially based upon work supported by BP and NOAA under Award Number
20105138. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations
expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not
necessarily reflect the views of BP and/or any State or Federal Natural
Resource Trustee.
NR 42
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U1 3
U2 34
PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0001-4966
EI 1520-8524
J9 J ACOUST SOC AM
JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 134
IS 3
BP 2293
EP 2301
DI 10.1121/1.4817832
PG 9
WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
GA 294LG
UT WOS:000330047000056
PM 23967959
ER
PT J
AU Barlow, J
Tyack, PL
Johnson, MP
Baird, RW
Schorr, GS
Andrews, RD
de Soto, NA
AF Barlow, Jay
Tyack, Peter L.
Johnson, Mark P.
Baird, Robin W.
Schorr, Gregory S.
Andrews, Russel D.
Aguilar de Soto, Natacha
TI Trackline and point detection probabilities for acoustic surveys of
Cuvier's and Blainville's beaked whales
SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID MESOPLODON-DENSIROSTRIS; ZIPHIUS-CAVIROSTRIS; DENSITY-ESTIMATION;
PASSIVE ACOUSTICS; DIVING BEHAVIOR; HARBOR PORPOISE; AERIAL SURVEYS;
ECHOLOCATION; ABUNDANCE; BAHAMAS
AB Acoustic survey methods can be used to estimate density and abundance using sounds produced by cetaceans and detected using hydrophones if the probability of detection can be estimated. For passive acoustic surveys, probability of detection at zero horizontal distance from a sensor, commonly called g(0), depends on the temporal patterns of vocalizations. Methods to estimate g(0) are developed based on the assumption that a beaked whale will be detected if it is producing regular echolocation clicks directly under or above a hydrophone. Data from acoustic recording tags placed on two species of beaked whales (Cuvier's beaked whale-Ziphius cavirostris and Blainville's beaked whale-Mesoplodon densirostris) are used to directly estimate the percentage of time they produce echolocation clicks. A model of vocal behavior for these species as a function of their diving behavior is applied to other types of dive data (from time-depth recorders and time-depth-transmitting satellite tags) to indirectly determine g(0) in other locations for low ambient noise conditions. Estimates of g(0) for a single instant in time are 0.28 [standard deviation (s.d.) = 0.05] for Cuvier's beaked whale and 0.19 (s.d. = 0.01) for Blainville's beaked whale.
C1 [Barlow, Jay] NOAA, Protected Resources Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Tyack, Peter L.; Johnson, Mark P.] Scottish Oceans Inst, St Andrews KY15 5NT, Fife, Scotland.
[Baird, Robin W.; Schorr, Gregory S.] Cascadia Res Collect, Olympia, WA 98501 USA.
[Andrews, Russel D.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Seward, AK 99664 USA.
[Andrews, Russel D.] Alaska SeaLife Ctr, Seward, AK 99664 USA.
[Aguilar de Soto, Natacha] Univ La Laguna, BIOECOMAC, Dept Anim Biol, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain.
RP Barlow, J (reprint author), NOAA, Protected Resources Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM Jay.Barlow@noaa.gov
FU U.S. Navy (ONR) [N45]; U.S. Strategic Environmental Research and
Development Program; U.S. Chief of Naval Operations Submarine Warfare
Division; U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (National
Marine Fisheries Service, Office of Science and Technology); U.S.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Ocean Acoustics Program;
NMFS's Southwest Fisheries Science Center; NMFS's Pacific Islands
Fisheries Science Center; M.R. and Evelyn Hudson Foundation; Wild Whale
Research Foundation; Joint Industry Program on Sound; National Ocean
Partnership Program; Packard Foundation; Canary Islands Government;
Spanish Ministries of Defense and Environment; project LIFE-Indemares;
Cabildo Insular de El Hierro; Marine Life Program of the International
Association of Oil and Gas Producers; Marie Curie fellowship from the
7th EU Frame Program; Navy's Southern California Offshore Range
FX Tagging in Hawaii was conducted under Scientific Research Permit No.
731, 774, and 540-1811 issued by the U. S. National Marine Fisheries
Service (NMFS). Dtagging in European waters was conducted under US NMFS
permits 981-1578-02 and 981-1707-00 and annual permits from the Canary
Islands Government to the University of La Laguna. Tagging in the
Bahamas was conducted under US NMFS permits issued to John Boreman
(Permit No. 1121-1900) and to Peter Tyack (Permit No. 981-1578), and
issued by the Government of the Bahamas to the Bahamas Marine Mammal
Research Organisation (Bahamas permit No. 01/09) and Ian Boyd (Bahamas
permit Nos. 02/07 and 02/08). The Dtagging was approved by the WHOI and
BMMRO Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees and the Animal
Welfare and Ethics Committee of the University of St Andrews. Funding
for this work was provided by the U.S. Navy (N45 and ONR), the U.S.
Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program
(www.serdp.org), the U.S. Chief of Naval Operations Submarine Warfare
Division, the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
(National Marine Fisheries Service, Office of Science and Technology)
(http://www.st.nmfs.noaa.gov/), U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration Ocean Acoustics Program
(http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/acoustics/), NMFS's Southwest Fisheries
Science Center, NMFS's Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, the
M.R. and Evelyn Hudson Foundation, the Wild Whale Research Foundation,
the Joint Industry Program on Sound, National Ocean Partnership Program,
the Packard Foundation, the Canary Islands Government, the Spanish
Ministries of Defense and Environment, the project LIFE-Indemares, the
Cabildo Insular de El Hierro, and the Marine Life Program of the
International Association of Oil and Gas Producers
(www.soundandmarinelife.org). N.A.S. is currently funded by a Marie
Curie fellowship from the 7th EU Frame Program. This manuscript was
improved by helpful reviews by Jeffrey E. Moore, William F. Perrin, and
Jeffrey L. Laake. The authors gratefully acknowledge the invaluable
support of field personnel in all tagging locations, especially Patricia
Arranz, Alex Bocconcelli, Andrea Fais, Erin Falcone, Jeff Foster, Leigh
Hickmott, Allan Ligon, Peter T. Madsen, Jacobo Marrero, Lucia Martin,
Dan McSweeney, and Daniel Webster. We thank Dave Moretti and his team
from the Marine Mammal Monitoring on Ranges, and the support from the
Navy's Southern California Offshore Range.
NR 37
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 32
PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0001-4966
EI 1520-8524
J9 J ACOUST SOC AM
JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 134
IS 3
BP 2486
EP 2496
DI 10.1121/1.4816573
PG 11
WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
GA 294LG
UT WOS:000330047000074
PM 23968046
ER
PT J
AU Lammers, MO
Castellote, M
Small, RJ
Atkinson, S
Jenniges, J
Rosinski, A
Oswald, JN
Garner, C
AF Lammers, Marc O.
Castellote, Manuel
Small, Robert J.
Atkinson, Shannon
Jenniges, Justin
Rosinski, Anne
Oswald, Julie N.
Garner, Chris
TI Passive acoustic monitoring of Cook Inlet beluga whales (Delphinapterus
leucas)
SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID KILLER WHALES; ORCINUS-ORCA; ECHOLOCATION SIGNALS; BRITISH-COLUMBIA;
VANCOUVER-ISLAND; WHITE WHALES; VOCALIZATIONS; REPERTOIRE; BEHAVIOR;
ESTUARY
AB The endangered beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas) population in Cook Inlet, AK faces threats from a variety of anthropogenic factors, including coastal development, oil and gas exploration, vessel traffic, and military activities. To address existing gaps in understanding about the occurrence of belugas in Cook Inlet, a project was developed to use passive acoustic monitoring to document the year-round distribution of belugas, as well as killer whales (Orcinus orca), which prey on belugas. Beginning in June 2009, ten moorings were deployed throughout the Inlet and refurbished every two to eight months. Despite challenging conditions consisting of strong tidal currents carrying debris and seasonal ice cover, 83% of mooring deployments were successfully recovered. Noise from water flow, vessel traffic, and/or industrial activities was present at several sites, potentially masking some signals. However, belugas were successfully detected at multiple locations. Detections were relatively common in the upper inlet and less common or absent at middle and lower inlet locations. Killer whale signals were also recorded. Some seasonal variability in the occurrence of both belugas and killer whales was evident. (C) 2013 Acoustical Society of America.
C1 [Lammers, Marc O.] Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA.
[Castellote, Manuel] NOAA, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Small, Robert J.; Jenniges, Justin] Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Juneau, AK 99811 USA.
[Atkinson, Shannon] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Rosinski, Anne] Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA.
[Garner, Chris] BioWaves Inc, Encinitas, CA 92024 USA.
[Garner, Chris] US Air Force, Joint Base Elmendorf Ric, AK 99506 USA.
RP Lammers, MO (reprint author), Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, 46-007 Lilipuna Rd, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA.
EM lammers@hawaii.edu
FU NOAA Fisheries Grant [NA07NMF4390364]
FX We are grateful to Sean Wiggins who created Triton and Lisa Munger who
adapted it for EAR data analysis. Jennifer Ewald and David Lee provided
technical assistance on mooring design, and Dave McKay and Bill Choate
assisted with the deployment of moorings. Funding for this research was
provided by NOAA Fisheries Grant No. NA07NMF4390364.
NR 22
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 5
U2 27
PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0001-4966
EI 1520-8524
J9 J ACOUST SOC AM
JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 134
IS 3
BP 2497
EP 2504
DI 10.1121/1.4816575
PG 8
WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
GA 294LG
UT WOS:000330047000075
PM 23968047
ER
PT J
AU Valtierra, RD
Holt, RG
Cholewiak, D
Van Parijs, SM
AF Valtierra, Robert D.
Holt, R. Glynn
Cholewiak, Danielle
Van Parijs, Sofie M.
TI Calling depths of baleen whales from single sensor data: Development of
an autocorrelation method using multipath localization
SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID ACOUSTIC DETECTION; HYDROPHONE ARRAY; SPERM-WHALE; PACIFIC; TRACKING;
DISTANCE; VOCALIZATIONS
AB Multipath localization techniques have not previously been applied to baleen whale vocalizations due to difficulties in application to tonal vocalizations. Here it is shown that an autocorrelation method coupled with the direct reflected time difference of arrival localization technique can successfully resolve location information. A derivation was made to model the autocorrelation of a direct signal and its overlapping reflections to illustrate that an autocorrelation may be used to extract reflection information from longer duration signals containing a frequency sweep, such as some calls produced by baleen whales. An analysis was performed to characterize the difference in behavior of the autocorrelation when applied to call types with varying parameters (sweep rate, call duration). The method's feasibility was tested using data from playback transmissions to localize an acoustic transducer at a known depth and location. The method was then used to estimate the depth and range of a single North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) and humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) from two separate experiments. (C) 2013 Acoustical Society of America.
C1 [Valtierra, Robert D.; Holt, R. Glynn] Boston Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Cholewiak, Danielle; Van Parijs, Sofie M.] NOAA, Protected Species Branch, North East Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Valtierra, RD (reprint author), Boston Univ, Dept Mech Engn, 110 Cummington St, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
FU N45 Living Marine Resources Applied Research Program
FX For assistance in collecting data off Massachusetts, we thank the staff
and vessel crew of the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary and the
R/V Auk, and colleagues at the Northeast Fisheries Science Center and
Cornell University. For assistance in collecting data off Socorro,
Mexico, we thank the Armada de Mexico for making that work possible, as
well as Jeff Jacobsen, Jorge Urban-Ramirez, and colleagues who helped in
the field. For research funding we thank the N45 Living Marine Resources
Applied Research Program. We also thank Ronald Roy, who provided helpful
comments on earlier versions of the manuscript.
NR 36
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 4
PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0001-4966
EI 1520-8524
J9 J ACOUST SOC AM
JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 134
IS 3
BP 2571
EP 2581
DI 10.1121/1.4816582
PG 11
WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
GA 294LG
UT WOS:000330047000082
PM 23968054
ER
PT J
AU Yack, TM
Barlow, J
Calambokidis, J
Southall, B
Coates, S
AF Yack, Tina M.
Barlow, Jay
Calambokidis, John
Southall, Brandon
Coates, Shannon
TI Passive acoustic monitoring using a towed hydrophone array results in
identification of a previously unknown beaked whale habitat
SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID MESOPLODON-DENSIROSTRIS; ZIPHIUS-CAVIROSTRIS; ECHOLOCATION; BAHAMAS;
PREY; GAS
AB Beaked whales are diverse and species rich taxa. They spend the vast majority of their time submerged, regularly diving to depths of hundreds to thousands of meters, typically occur in small groups, and behave inconspicuously at the surface. These factors make them extremely difficult to detect using standard visual survey methods. However, recent advancements in acoustic detection capabilities have made passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) a viable alternative. Beaked whales can be discriminated from other odontocetes by the unique characteristics of their echolocation clicks. In 2009 and 2010, PAM methods using towed hydrophone arrays were tested. These methods proved highly effective for real-time detection of beaked whales in the Southern California Bight (SCB) and were subsequently implemented in 2011 to successfully detect and track beaked whales during the ongoing Southern California Behavioral Response Study. The three year field effort has resulted in (1) the successful classification and tracking of Cuvier's (Ziphius cavirostris), Baird's (Berardius bairdii), and unidentified Mesoplodon beaked whale species and (2) the identification of areas of previously unknown beaked whale habitat use. Identification of habitat use areas will contribute to a better understanding of the complex relationship between beaked whale distribution, occurrence, and preferred habitat characteristics on a relatively small spatial scale. These findings will also provide information that can be used to promote more effective management and conservation of beaked whales in the SCB, a heavily used Naval operation and training region. (C) 2013 Acoustical Society of America.
C1 [Yack, Tina M.; Barlow, Jay] NOAA, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, NMFS, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Calambokidis, John] Cascadia Res, Olympia, WA 98501 USA.
[Southall, Brandon] SEA Inc, Aptos, CA 95003 USA.
[Coates, Shannon] Biowaves Inc, Encinitas, CA 92024 USA.
[Southall, Brandon] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Long Marine Lab, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Yack, TM (reprint author), Biowaves Inc, 364 2nd St,Suite 3, Encinitas, CA 92024 USA.
EM tina.yack@noaa.gov
FU Office of Naval Research; U.S. Navy, Chief of Naval Operations,
Environmental Readiness Division [OPNAV N45]
FX We would like to acknowledge our funding sources, namely, Mike Weise and
Dana Belden at the Office of Naval Research and Frank Stone and Bob
Gisner of U.S. Navy, Chief of Naval Operations, Environmental Readiness
Division (OPNAV N45). We thank all of the participants of the surveys
especially Barb Taylor, Lisa Ballance, Bob Pitman, Sophie Webb, Suzanne
Yin, Megan McKenna, Danielle Cholewiak, Alison Stimpert, Annie Douglas,
Todd Pusser, Greg Schorr, Erin Falcone, and Daniel Webster, as well as
all of the other researchers, captains, and crew members associated with
the SOCAL-BRS surveys for valuable support and field assistance. Most of
this work was carried out as part of the SOCAL-BRS. We thank all of our
BRS collaborators for inviting us to participate in the study. We are
also grateful for PAMGUARD software support and module contributions
from Doug Gillespie and Mike Oswald. This work was conducted in
conjunction with the SOCAL-BRS and was consistent with/carried out under
NMFS permit No. 14534.
NR 29
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 4
U2 17
PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0001-4966
EI 1520-8524
J9 J ACOUST SOC AM
JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 134
IS 3
BP 2589
EP 2595
DI 10.1121/1.4816585
PG 7
WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
GA 294LG
UT WOS:000330047000084
PM 23968056
ER
PT J
AU Liu, BL
Liu, J
Tu, XM
Zhang, JL
Zheng, M
Zhou, CW
AF Liu, Bilu
Liu, Jia
Tu, Xiaomin
Zhang, Jialu
Zheng, Ming
Zhou, Chongwu
TI Chirality-Dependent Vapor-Phase Epitaxial Growth and Termination of
Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Carbon nanotube; chirality; vapor-phase epitaxy; growth rate; lifetime;
termination mechanism
ID GRAPHENE NANORIBBONS; CATALYST; NANOPARTICLES; MECHANISM; DIAMETER;
HYDROGEN; ALCOHOL; ROUTE; RATES
AB Structurally uniform and chirality-pure single-wall carbon nanotubes are highly desired for both fundamental study and many of their technological applications, such as electronics, optoelectronics, and biomedical imaging. Considerable efforts have been invested in the synthesis of nanotubes with defined chiralities by tuning the growth recipes but the approach has only limited success. Recently, we have shown that chirality-pure short nanotubes can be used as seeds for vapor-phase epitaxial cloning growth, opening up a new route toward chirality-controlled carbon nanotube synthesis. Nevertheless, the yield of vapor-phase epitaxial growth is rather limited at the present stage, due in large part to the lack of mechanistic understanding of the process. Here we report chirality-dependent growth kinetics and termination mechanism for the vapor-phase epitaxial growth of seven single-chirality nanotubes of (9, 1), (6, 5), (8, 3), (7, 6), (10, 2), (6, 6), and (7, 7), covering near zigzag, medium chiral angle, and near armchair semiconductors, as well as armchair metallic nanotubes. Our results reveal that the growth rates of nanotubes increase with their chiral angles while the active lifetimes of the growth hold opposite trend. Consequently, the chirality distribution of a nanotube ensemble is jointly determined by both growth rates and lifetimes. These results correlate nanotube structures and properties with their growth behaviors and deepen our understanding of chirality-controlled growth of nanotubes.
C1 [Liu, Bilu; Liu, Jia; Zhang, Jialu; Zhou, Chongwu] Univ So Calif, Dept Elect Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
[Liu, Bilu; Liu, Jia; Zhang, Jialu; Zhou, Chongwu] Univ So Calif, Dept Chem, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
[Tu, Xiaomin; Zheng, Ming] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Zheng, M (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM ming.zheng@nist.gov; chongwuz@usc.edu
RI Liu, Bilu/B-2287-2010; Zhou, Chongwu/F-7483-2010; Zhang,
Jialu/B-3991-2011; liu, jia/K-4605-2015
FU Office of Naval Research; Defence Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA)
FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research and the Defence
Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA). We acknowledge Professor Stephen Cronin
of University of Southern California for access to 532 and 633 nm Raman
facility, and Professor Boris I. Yakobson of Rice University for helpful
discussions.
NR 45
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 8
U2 99
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
EI 1530-6992
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 13
IS 9
BP 4416
EP 4421
DI 10.1021/nl402259k
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 296BA
UT WOS:000330158900072
PM 23937554
ER
PT J
AU Zhulidov, AV
Kozhara, AV
Nalepa, TF
Gurtovaya, TY
Zhulidov, DA
AF Zhulidov, Alexander V.
Kozhara, Alexander V.
Nalepa, Thomas F.
Gurtovaya, Tatiana Yu
Zhulidov, Daniel A.
TI Relative abundance of two dreissenid species, Dreissena polymorpha and
Dreissena rostriformis bugensis in the Lower Don River system, Russia
SO AQUATIC INVASIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE zebra mussels; quagga mussels; competitive interactions; mussel trends
ID LAURENTIAN GREAT-LAKES; FRESH-WATER BIVALVES; COMPARATIVE GROWTH; RANGE
EXPANSION; NORTH-AMERICA; ZEBRA MUSSEL; VOLGA RIVER; COMMUNITY; IMPACTS;
ECOLOGY
AB Relative abundance of two dreissenid species, Dreissena rostriformis bugensis and Dreissena polymorpha, in the total dreissenid community was calculated for 15 sites in the lower Don River system, Russia, between 1977 and 2010 to determine relative trends in their sympatric occurrence. The proportion of D. r. bugensis first increased at most stations reaching a maximum by 1999. However, after 1999, this species consistently decreased at 14 of the 15 sites. Degree of decline seems to correlate strongly to calcium content and total mineral content of the water. At sites in the Manych River with a higher Ca2+ and total mineral content, the proportion of D. r. bugensis in the total dreissenid population declined from 65-75% in 1999 to 14-22% by 2009-2010, whereas at sites in the Don River with lower Ca2+ and total mineral content its proportion declined from 25-50% to only 1 %. However, Ca2+ and total mineral content cannot explain the synchronous and consistent long-term decrease in relative numbers as observed. D. r. bugensis normally displaces D. polymorpha over time due to superior physiological characteristics. Reasons for the decline of D. r. bugensis in the total dreissenid community are unclear, but given its synchronicity despite different times of invasion and hence species interactions we assume a macroregional factor affecting all the populations examined.
C1 [Zhulidov, Alexander V.; Gurtovaya, Tatiana Yu; Zhulidov, Daniel A.] South Russian Reg Ctr Preparat & Implementat Int, Rostov Na Donu 344090, Russia.
[Kozhara, Alexander V.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Biol Inland Waters, Borok 152742, Yaroslavl Oblas, Russia.
[Nalepa, Thomas F.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Nalepa, Thomas F.] Univ Michigan, Graham Environm Sustainabil Inst, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA.
RP Nalepa, TF (reprint author), NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, 2205 Commonwealth Blvd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
EM Zhulidov@cppis.rsu.ru; akozhara@mail.ru; Thomas.nalepa@noaa.gov;
Tanya@cppis.rsu.ru; Zhulidov@yahoo.com
NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 9
PU REGIONAL EURO-ASIAN BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS CENTRE-REABIC
PI HELSINKI
PA PL 3, HELSINKI, 00981, FINLAND
SN 1798-6540
EI 1818-5487
J9 AQUAT INVASIONS
JI Aquat. Invasions
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 3
BP 311
EP 318
DI 10.3391/ai.2013.8.3.07
PG 8
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 283XD
UT WOS:000329279400007
ER
PT J
AU Kilbane, D
Gillaspy, JD
Ralchenko, Y
Reader, J
O'Sullivan, G
AF Kilbane, D.
Gillaspy, J. D.
Ralchenko, Yu
Reader, J.
O'Sullivan, G.
TI Extreme ultraviolet spectra from N-shell ions of Gd, Dy and W
SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th International Conference on the Physics of Highly Charged Ions
(HCI)
CY SEP 02-07, 2012
CL Ruprecht Karls Univ, Heidelberg, GERMANY
SP CAEN, Oerlikon Leybold Vacuum, RoentDek Handels, Struck Innovat Syst
HO Ruprecht Karls Univ
ID ENERGIES
AB Measurements of extreme ultraviolet radiation from gadolinium, dysprosium and tungsten ions with an open n = 4 shell were performed at the National Institute of Standards and Technology. The ions were produced and confined in an electron beam ion trap, and the spectra were recorded with a flat-field grazing-incidence spectrometer in the wavelength range 3.5-17.5 nm. These data are useful for the development of future lithography sources and for diagnostics of hot plasmas in fusion devices.
C1 [Kilbane, D.; O'Sullivan, G.] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Dublin 4, Ireland.
[Gillaspy, J. D.; Ralchenko, Yu; Reader, J.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Kilbane, D (reprint author), Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Dublin 4, Ireland.
EM Deirdre.Kilbane@ucd.ie; Yuri.Ralchenko@nist.gov
RI Ralchenko, Yuri/E-9297-2016
OI Ralchenko, Yuri/0000-0003-0083-9554
NR 24
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0031-8949
EI 1402-4896
J9 PHYS SCRIPTA
JI Phys. Scr.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL T156
AR 014012
DI 10.1088/0031-8949/2013/T156/014012
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 280IP
UT WOS:000329022300013
ER
PT J
AU Ralchenko, Y
Gillaspy, JD
Reader, J
Osin, D
Curry, JJ
Podpaly, YA
AF Ralchenko, Yu
Gillaspy, J. D.
Reader, J.
Osin, D.
Curry, J. J.
Podpaly, Y. A.
TI Magnetic-dipole lines in 3d(n) ions of high-Z elements: identification,
diagnostic potential and dielectronic resonances
SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th International Conference on the Physics of Highly Charged Ions
(HCI)
CY SEP 02-07, 2012
CL Ruprecht Karls Univ, Heidelberg, GERMANY
SP CAEN, Oerlikon Leybold Vacuum, RoentDek Handels, Struck Innovat Syst
HO Ruprecht Karls Univ
ID RECOMBINATION
AB We present a review of measurements and analyses of extreme-ultraviolet magnetic-dipole (M1) lines in 50-60 times ionized atoms of tungsten, hafnium, tantalum and gold with an open 3d shell. The spectra were measured with the electron beam ion trap at the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Large-scale collisional-radiative modeling was instrumental in line identification and in analysis of their diagnostic potential. The M1 line ratios are shown to be an accurate and versatile tool for studying the LMN dielectronic resonances in 3d(n) ions.
C1 [Ralchenko, Yu; Gillaspy, J. D.; Reader, J.; Osin, D.; Curry, J. J.; Podpaly, Y. A.] NIST, Quantum Measurement Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Ralchenko, Y (reprint author), NIST, Quantum Measurement Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM yuri.ralchenko@nist.gov
RI Ralchenko, Yuri/E-9297-2016
OI Ralchenko, Yuri/0000-0003-0083-9554
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0031-8949
EI 1402-4896
J9 PHYS SCRIPTA
JI Phys. Scr.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL T156
DI 10.1088/0031-8949/2013/T156/014082
PG 3
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 280IP
UT WOS:000329022300083
ER
PT J
AU Gutierrez, DB
Rafalski, A
Beauchesne, K
Moeller, PD
Triemer, RE
Zimba, PV
AF Gutierrez, Danielle B.
Rafalski, Alexandra
Beauchesne, Kevin
Moeller, Peter D.
Triemer, Richard E.
Zimba, Paul V.
TI Quantitative Mass Spectrometric Analysis and Post-Extraction Stability
Assessment of the Euglenoid Toxin Euglenophycin
SO TOXINS
LA English
DT Article
DE euglena; euglenophycin; stability; toxin
ID IDENTIFICATION; CYANOBACTERIA; ALGAE
AB Euglenophycin is a recently discovered toxin produced by at least one species of euglenoid algae. The toxin has been responsible for several fish mortality events. To facilitate the identification and monitoring of euglenophycin in freshwater ponds, we have developed a specific mass spectrometric method for the identification and quantitation of euglenophycin. The post-extraction stability of the toxin was assessed under various conditions. Euglenophycin was most stable at room temperature. At 8 degrees C there was a small, but statistically significant, loss in toxin after one day. These methods and knowledge of the toxin's stability will facilitate identification of the toxin as a causative agent in fish kills and determination of the toxin's distribution in the organs of exposed fish.
C1 [Gutierrez, Danielle B.; Zimba, Paul V.] Texas A&M Univ Corpus Christi, Ctr Coastal Studies, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA.
[Rafalski, Alexandra] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Beauchesne, Kevin; Moeller, Peter D.] NOAA, NCCOS Ctr Human Hlth Res, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Triemer, Richard E.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
RP Zimba, PV (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ Corpus Christi, Ctr Coastal Studies, 6300 Ocean Dr, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA.
EM dgutierrez@tamucc.edu; rafalsk2@msu.edu; kevin.beauchesne@noaa.gov;
peter.moeller@noaa.gov; triemer@msu.edu; paul.zimba@tamucc.edu
RI Zimba, Paul/O-2778-2013
FU Morris J. Lichtenstein Medical Foundation; NSF [R01 ES21968-1]; Texas
A&M University Corpus Christi Office of Research and Commercialization
FX This work was funded by the Morris J. Lichtenstein Medical Foundation,
NSF R01 ES21968-1 and Texas A&M University Corpus Christi Office of
Research and Commercialization. We thank the Center for Coastal Studies
personnel for field assistance during bloom collections.
NR 13
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 14
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2072-6651
J9 TOXINS
JI Toxins
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 5
IS 9
BP 1587
EP 1596
DI 10.3390/toxins5091587
PG 10
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 274TI
UT WOS:000328628700006
PM 24051554
ER
PT J
AU Elvidge, CD
Zhizhin, M
Hsu, FC
Baugh, KE
AF Elvidge, Christopher D.
Zhizhin, Mikhail
Hsu, Feng-Chi
Baugh, Kimberly E.
TI VIIRS Nightfire: Satellite Pyrometry at Night
SO REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE SNPP; VIIRS; fire detection; gas flaring; biomass burning; fossil fuel
carbon emissions
ID PIXEL-BASED CALCULATION; FIRE RADIATIVE POWER; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS;
MODIS
AB The Nightfire algorithm detects and characterizes sub-pixel hot sources using multispectral data collected globally, each night, by the Suomi National Polar Partnership (NPP) Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS). The spectral bands utilized span visible, near-infrared (NIR), short-wave infrared (SWIR), and mid-wave infrared (MWIR). The primary detection band is in the SWIR, centered at 1.6 m. Without solar input, the SWIR spectral band records sensor noise, punctuated by high radiant emissions associated with gas flares, biomass burning, volcanoes, and industrial sites such as steel mills. Planck curve fitting of the hot source radiances yields temperature (K) and emission scaling factor (ESF). Additional calculations are done to estimate source size (m(2)), radiant heat intensity (W/m(2)), and radiant heat (MW). Use of the sensor noise limited M7, M8, and M10 spectral bands at night reduce scene background effects, which are widely reported for fire algorithms based on MWIR and long-wave infrared. High atmospheric transmissivity in the M10 spectral band reduces atmospheric effects on temperature and radiant heat retrievals. Nightfire retrieved temperature estimates for sub-pixel hot sources ranging from 600 to 6,000 K. An intercomparison study of biomass burning in Sumatra from June 2013 found Nightfire radiant heat (MW) to be highly correlated to Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) Fire Radiative Power (MW).
C1 [Elvidge, Christopher D.] NOAA, Natl Geophys Data Ctr, Earth Observat Grp, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Zhizhin, Mikhail; Hsu, Feng-Chi; Baugh, Kimberly E.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Elvidge, CD (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Geophys Data Ctr, Earth Observat Grp, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM chris.elvidge@noaa.gov; mikhail.zhizhin@noaa.gov; feng-chi.hsu@noaa.gov;
kim.baugh@noaa.gov
RI Elvidge, Christopher/C-3012-2009; ZHIZHIN, Mikhail/B-9795-2014
FU NOAA's JPSS Proving Ground program
FX The Nightfire development is funded by NOAA's JPSS Proving Ground
program.
NR 19
TC 42
Z9 43
U1 2
U2 33
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2072-4292
J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL
JI Remote Sens.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 5
IS 9
BP 4423
EP 4449
DI 10.3390/rs5094423
PG 27
WC Remote Sensing
SC Remote Sensing
GA 274NN
UT WOS:000328613300013
ER
PT J
AU Moser, ML
Myers, MS
West, JE
O'Neill, SM
Burke, BJ
AF Moser, Mary L.
Myers, Mark S.
West, James E.
O'Neill, Sandra M.
Burke, Brian J.
TI English Sole Spawning Migration and Evidence for Feeding Site Fidelity
in Puget Sound, USA, with Implications for Contaminant Exposure
SO NORTHWEST SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE flatfish; acoustic telemetry; philopatry; homing; movements
ID TOXICOPATHIC HEPATIC-LESIONS; PAROPHRYS-VETULUS; PLEURONECTES-VETULUS;
SEDIMENT QUALITY; SPATIAL EXTENT; NORTH-SEA; WASHINGTON; PATTERNS; FISH;
POLLUTANTS
AB English sole is used as a sentinel species for contaminant studies in Puget Sound because it is abundant, easily sampled, and broadly distributed in the northwestern United States. Moreover, this species exhibits a number of well-documented effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure. To assess the potential for contaminant exposure during spawning migrations and to track the localized movements of adult English sole in the vicinity of Eagle Harbor, we used acoustic telemetry. In August 2007, we collected 19 English sole from Eagle Harbor, a small embayment of Puget Sound with a long history of PAH contamination and subsequent remediation actions. Fish were surgically implanted with uniquely-coded acoustic transmitters and their movements were tracked via an array of eight submersible receivers inside Eagle Harbor and near its entrance. In addition, we obtained detection data from over 70 other receivers throughout Puget Sound that were maintained by a consortium of regional researchers. All tagged fish were detected immediately after release, and 18 were detected outside of Eagle Harbor at a variety of locations in Puget Sound. Some of these fish made rapid movements across the sound and traveled minimum distances of 32 to 106 km. Half of the fish detected outside Eagle Harbor returned to their capture site in spring 2008, approximately eight months after tagging. This fidelity to summer feeding habitats has important implications for both contaminant studies and flatfish management. In addition, our results illustrate the power of data sharing and the value of pooling resources to maintain large arrays of acoustic receivers.
C1 [Moser, Mary L.; Myers, Mark S.; O'Neill, Sandra M.; Burke, Brian J.] NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[West, James E.] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Olympia, WA 98501 USA.
RP Moser, ML (reprint author), NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM mary.moser@noaa.gov
FU Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife; Northwest Fisheries Science
Center Internal Grant Program
FX For help with fish collection and handling we thank the crews of the FRV
Chasina and the RV Harold W. Streeter, and the following individuals:
Kinsey Frick, Cathy Laetz, Paul Olson, Sean Sol, and Tidiani Kone. We
also thank the U. S. Coast Guard 13th District, Tammy Allen, Ray
Buckley, Dan Doty, Ocean Eveningsong, Larry LeClair, Bob Pacunski, Dan
Lomax, Paul Plesha, Greg Williams, Kelly Andrews, Nick Tolimieri, Chris
Skapin, Fred Goetz, Jennifer Scheuerell, and all the many HYDRA
collaborators for help with installing and maintaining acoustic
receivers. Mike Hayes helped with data analysis and mapping. JoAnne
Butzerin, Stefan Larsson, Dayv Lowry, and an anonymous reviewer provided
critical reviews of a draft manuscript. Support for this study was
provided by the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife and the
Northwest Fisheries Science Center Internal Grant Program. We dedicate
this manuscript to the memory of Steve Quinnell, a WDFW colleague who
helped tremendously with this field research program.
NR 39
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 12
PU NORTHWEST SCIENTIFIC ASSOC
PI SEATTLE
PA JEFFREY DUDA, USGS, WESTERN FISHERIES RES CTR, 6505 NE 65 ST, SEATTLE,
WA 98115 USA
SN 0029-344X
EI 2161-9859
J9 NORTHWEST SCI
JI Northwest Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 87
IS 4
BP 317
EP 325
DI 10.3955/046.087.0403
PG 9
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 262WV
UT WOS:000327769500004
ER
PT J
AU Moody, G
Singh, R
Li, H
Akimov, IA
Bayer, M
Reuter, D
Wieck, AD
Bracker, AS
Gammon, D
Cundiff, ST
AF Moody, Galan
Singh, Rohan
Li, Hebin
Akimov, Ilya A.
Bayer, Manfred
Reuter, Dirk
Wieck, Andreas D.
Bracker, Allan S.
Gammon, Daniel
Cundiff, Steven T.
TI Biexcitons in semiconductor quantum dot ensembles
SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI B-BASIC SOLID STATE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE biexciton; four-wave mixing; quantum dots; quantum well
ID FOURIER-TRANSFORM SPECTROSCOPY; EXCITONS; WELLS
AB The effects of confinement on biexciton renormalization in self-assembled InAs and interfacial GaAs quantum dot (QD) ensembles are studied using two-dimensional Fourier-transform spectroscopy. We find that in thermally annealed InAs QDs, changes in the biexciton transition energy are strongly correlated with those of the exciton and that the biexciton binding energy is similar for all QDs in the ensemble. These results are in contrast to those from GaAs QDs formed from interfacial fluctuations of a narrow quantum well (QW). In both the GaAs QW and QDs, correlation is reduced and the biexciton binding exhibits a strong dependence on localization. Comparison with simulations reveals how confinement and Coulomb interactions modify biexciton renormalization. (C) 2013 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
C1 [Moody, Galan; Singh, Rohan; Li, Hebin; Cundiff, Steven T.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Moody, Galan; Singh, Rohan; Li, Hebin; Cundiff, Steven T.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Moody, Galan; Singh, Rohan; Cundiff, Steven T.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Akimov, Ilya A.; Bayer, Manfred] Tech Univ Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
[Akimov, Ilya A.] Russian Acad Sci, AF Ioffe Phys Tech Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia.
[Reuter, Dirk; Wieck, Andreas D.] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Lehrstuhl Angew Festkoerperphys, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
[Bracker, Allan S.; Gammon, Daniel] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Cundiff, ST (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM cundiff@jila.colorado.edu
RI Li, Hebin/A-8711-2009; Cundiff, Steven/B-4974-2009; Moody,
Galan/J-5811-2014; Wieck, Andreas Dirk/C-5129-2009
OI Cundiff, Steven/0000-0002-7119-5197; Moody, Galan/0000-0001-7263-1483;
Wieck, Andreas Dirk/0000-0001-9776-2922
FU Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Energy Biosciences Division, Office
of Basic Energy Science, Office of Science, US Department of Energy;
NSF; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
FX This work was financially supported by the Chemical Sciences,
Geosciences, and Energy Biosciences Division, Office of Basic Energy
Science, Office of Science, US Department of Energy, the NSF and the
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.
NR 39
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 21
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 0370-1972
EI 1521-3951
J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B
JI Phys. Status Solidi B-Basic Solid State Phys.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 250
IS 9
BP 1753
EP 1759
DI 10.1002/pssb.201200725
PG 7
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 263PD
UT WOS:000327819600002
ER
PT J
AU Strychalski, EA
Konek, C
Butts, ELR
Vallone, PM
Henry, AC
Ross, D
AF Strychalski, Elizabeth A.
Konek, Christopher
Butts, Erica L. R.
Vallone, Peter M.
Henry, Alyssa C.
Ross, David
TI DNA purification from crude samples for human identification using
gradient elution isotachophoresis
SO ELECTROPHORESIS
LA English
DT Article
DE DNA; Forensic DNA typing; Gradient elution isotachophoresis; Human
identification; Soil
ID MOVING BOUNDARY ELECTROPHORESIS; BIOMOLECULES; VALIDATION; SEPARATION;
EXTRACTION; MULTIPLEX
AB Gradient elution isotachophoresis (GEITP) was demonstrated for DNA purification, concentration, and quantification from crude samples, represented here by soiled buccal swabs, with minimal sample preparation prior to human identification using STR analysis. During GEITP, an electric field applied across leading and trailing electrolyte solutions resulted in isotachophoretic focusing of DNA at the interface between these solutions, while a pressure-driven counterflow controlled the movement of the interface from the sample reservoir into a microfluidic capillary. This counterflow also prevented particulates from fouling or clogging the capillary and reduced or eliminated contamination of the delivered DNA by PCR inhibitors. On-line DNA quantification using laser-induced fluorescence compared favorably with quantitative PCR measurements and potentially eliminates the need for quantitative PCR prior to STR analysis. GEITP promises to address the need for a rapid and robust method to deliver DNA from crude samples to aid the forensic community in human identification.
C1 [Strychalski, Elizabeth A.; Butts, Erica L. R.; Vallone, Peter M.; Ross, David] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Konek, Christopher; Henry, Alyssa C.] Appl Res Associates Inc, Alexandria, VA USA.
RP Strychalski, EA (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr,Mail Stop 8312, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM elizabeth.strychalski@nist.gov; ahenry@ara.com; david.ross@nist.gov
FU US Army Contracting Command-Army Proving Ground
[W911QX-11-C-0089-P00002]
FX This material is based upon work supported by the US Army Contracting
Command-Army Proving Ground Contract No. W911QX-11-C-0089-P00002.
NR 27
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 4
U2 28
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0173-0835
EI 1522-2683
J9 ELECTROPHORESIS
JI Electrophoresis
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 34
IS 17
BP 2522
EP 2530
DI 10.1002/elps.201300133
PG 9
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 261LR
UT WOS:000327667000008
PM 23784689
ER
PT J
AU Willis, Z
Griesbauer, L
AF Willis, Zdenka
Griesbauer, Laura
TI US IOOS: An Integrating Force for Good
SO MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOCIETY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Willis, Zdenka; Griesbauer, Laura] NOAA, US Integrated Ocean Observing Syst Program Off, Washington, DC 20230 USA.
RP Willis, Z (reprint author), NOAA, US Integrated Ocean Observing Syst Program Off, Washington, DC 20230 USA.
NR 1
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOC INC
PI COLUMBIA
PA 5565 STERRETT PLACE, STE 108, COLUMBIA, MD 21044 USA
SN 0025-3324
EI 1948-1209
J9 MAR TECHNOL SOC J
JI Mar. Technol. Soc. J.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2013
VL 47
IS 5
BP 19
EP 25
PG 7
WC Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography
SC Engineering; Oceanography
GA 256AC
UT WOS:000327281100003
ER
PT J
AU Osterback, AMK
Frechette, DM
Shelton, AO
Hayes, SA
Bond, MH
Shaffer, SA
Moore, JW
AF Osterback, Ann-Marie K.
Frechette, Danielle M.
Shelton, Andrew O.
Hayes, Sean A.
Bond, Morgan H.
Shaffer, Scott A.
Moore, Jonathan W.
TI High predation on small populations: avian predation on imperiled
salmonids
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE Bayesian modeling; California; USA; central-place forager; food web;
incidental predation; Larus occidentalis; Oncorhynchus mykiss; PIT tag;
steelhead; stream; Western Gull
ID STEELHEAD ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; CASPIAN TERN PREDATION; COLUMBIA RIVER
ESTUARY; SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; JUVENILE SALMONIDS; CENTRAL CALIFORNIA;
PACIFIC SALMON; BRISTOL CHANNEL; MOJAVE DESERT; COHO SALMON
AB Generalist predators can contribute to extinction risk of imperiled prey populations even through incidental predation. Quantifying predation on small populations is important to manage their recovery, however predation is often challenging to observe directly. Recovery of prey tags at predator colonies can indirectly provide minimum estimates of predation, however overall predation rates often remain unquantifiable because an unknown proportion of tags are deposited off-colony. Here, we estimated overall predation rates on threatened wild juvenile steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) by generalist adult Western Gulls (Larus occidentalis) in six central California (USA) watersheds. We estimated predation rates by gulls from the recapture of PIT (passive integrated transponder) tags that were originally inserted into steelhead and were subsequently deposited at a Western Gull breeding colony, A no Nuevo Island (ANI). We combined three independent datasets to isolate different processes: (1) the probability a tagged steelhead was consumed during predation, (2) the probability a consumed tag was transported to ANI, and (3) the probability a transported tag was detected at ANI. Together, these datasets parameterized a hierarchical Bayesian model to quantify overall predation rates while accounting for tag loss between when prey were tagged and subsequent tag detection at ANI. Results from the model suggest that low recovery rates of PIT tags from steelhead at ANI were mostly driven by low probabilities of transportation (<= 0.167) of consumed tags to ANI. Low transportation probabilities equate to high per-capita probabilities of predation (<= 0.306/ yr) at the three watersheds in closest proximity to ANI, whereas predation rates were uncertain at watersheds farther from ANI due to very low transportation rates. This study provides the first overall estimate of Western Gull predation rates on threatened wild juvenile steelhead and suggests gull predation on salmonids is a larger source of mortality than was previously estimated from minimum predation rates. This study thus represents an important example of high rates of incidental predation by a generalist consumer on an imperiled prey and provides a quantitative framework to inform robust estimates of predation rates on small populations that can be applied to other systems where direct observation of predation is not feasible.
C1 [Osterback, Ann-Marie K.; Moore, Jonathan W.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Osterback, Ann-Marie K.; Frechette, Danielle M.; Hayes, Sean A.; Bond, Morgan H.] NOAA, Fisheries Ecol Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Shelton, Andrew O.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ctr Stock Assessment Res, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Shaffer, Scott A.] San Jose State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, San Jose, CA 95192 USA.
[Shaffer, Scott A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Osterback, AMK (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
EM osterbac@biology.ucsc.edu
RI Shaffer, Scott/D-5015-2009
OI Shaffer, Scott/0000-0002-7751-5059
FU California SeaGrant College [R/FISH205]; CDF& G Fisheries Restoration
Grant Program; National Science Foundation [DEB-1009018]
FX We thank M. Beakes, C. Cois, I. Cole, A. Collins, O. Kanner, T. Lambert,
C. Phillis, J. Perez, N. Retford, S. Sears, A. Sobieraj, L. Twardochleb
as well as the entire Salmon Ecology Team and Early Life History Team at
the NMFS Southwest Fisheries Science Center for assistance in the field.
We also thank A. Jones and T. Tinker for invaluable insight that
developed into the transportation experiment, T. Kendall for donating
capelin for the transportation experiment, and A.-L. Harrison and W.
Sears for graphics support. This project would not have been possible
without access to A no Nuevo Island, as provided by P. Morris, G.
Oliver, M. Hester, R. Carle, as well as permission from T. Hyland and G.
Strachan at California State Parks. We are very thankful for access to
watershed lands provided by Big Creek Lumber Company and Cal Poly's
Swanton Pacific Ranch. This project was supported by California SeaGrant
College R/FISH205, CDF& G Fisheries Restoration Grant Program, National
Science Foundation grant number DEB-1009018, the Dr. Earl and Ethel M.
Myers Oceanographic and Marine Biology Trust, and scholarships from the
Marilyn C. and Raymond E. Davis Memorial Professional Development Award,
the Services for Transfer and Re-entry Students at UC Santa Cruz, and
the International Order of Runeburg. The mention of product names does
not constitute endorsement by the state of California or the U. S.
Government. This research was approved by the Institutional Animal Care
and Use Committee at the University of California Santa Cruz. Earlier
drafts of this manuscript were greatly improved by comments from two
anonymous reviewers, S. Allen, M. Carr, P. Raimondi, and W.
Satterthwaite.
NR 62
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 22
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 4
IS 9
AR UNSP 116
DI 10.1890/ES13-00100.1
PG 21
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 257JN
UT WOS:000327379700011
ER
PT J
AU Bucciarelli, E
Ridame, C
Sunda, WG
Dimier-Hugueney, C
Cheize, M
Belviso, S
AF Bucciarelli, Eva
Ridame, Celine
Sunda, William G.
Dimier-Hugueney, Celine
Cheize, Marie
Belviso, Sauveur
TI Increased intracellular concentrations of DMSP and DMSO in iron-limited
oceanic phytoplankton Thalassiosira oceanica and Trichodesmium
erythraeum
SO LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID EQUATORIAL PACIFIC-OCEAN; SUB-ARCTIC PACIFIC; MARINE-PHYTOPLANKTON;
FERTILIZATION EXPERIMENT; NITROGEN-FIXATION; BATCH CULTURES; NORTHEAST
PACIFIC; PART I; GROWTH; DIMETHYLSULFONIOPROPIONATE
AB We investigated the link between iron (Fe) limitation and intracellular dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) concentration in two oceanic phytoplankton species, the diatom Thalassiosira oceanica and the diazotrophic cyanobacterium Trichodesmium erythraeum. Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) concentrations were also measured in Fe-replete and Fe-limited T. oceanica. Fe limitation decreased the growth rates of T. oceanica and T. erythraeum by 33-fold and 3.5-fold, respectively and increased intracellular DMSP (DMSPp) concentrations by 12-fold (from 2.8 to 33.7 mmol L-cell(-1)) and by 45-fold (from 0.05 to 2.27 mmol L-trichome(-1)), respectively. Intracellular dimethylsulfoxide (DMSOp) concentrations in T. oceanica increased by 5-fold under severe Fe limitation, from 0.78 mmol L-cell(-1) in Fe-replete cells to 3.86 mmol L-cell(-1). The increase in DMSPp and DMSOp under Fe limitation provides support for the role of these sulfur compounds as antioxidants. Under severe Fe limitation, the large increase in DMSPp : C and DMSP: chlorophyll a (Chl a) ratios for both T. oceanica (by 16- and 40-fold, respectively) and T. erythraeum (by 18- and 145-fold, respectively) places these species above the range of values generally attributed to diatoms and cyanophytes. Comparison of these values with in situ results, such as those from Fe fertilization experiments, suggests that the decrease in DMSPp : Chl a and DMSOp : Chl a that is generally observed with alleviation of Fe limitation may be partly related to decreases in DMSPp and DMSOp in individual species. The role of diatoms and diazotrophic cyanobacteria in the biogeochemical cycle of dimethylsulfide and associated sulfur compounds in Fe-limited oceanic environments should not be overlooked.
C1 [Bucciarelli, Eva; Cheize, Marie] Univ Brest, Plouzane, France.
[Bucciarelli, Eva; Cheize, Marie] CNRS, Inst Univ Europeen Mer, Observ Sci Univers,Inst Rech Dev,UMR6539, Lab Sci Environm Marin LEMAR,Inst Francais Rech E, Plouzane, France.
[Bucciarelli, Eva] Univ Cape Town, Dept Oceanog, Int Ctr Educ Marine & Atmospher Sci Africa, Lab Mixte Int, ZA-7700 Rondebosch, South Africa.
[Ridame, Celine; Dimier-Hugueney, Celine] Univ Paris 06, UMR 7159, Lab Oceanog & Climat, Paris, France.
[Sunda, William G.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Ocean Serv, Ctr Coastal Fisheries & Habitat Res, Beaufort, NC USA.
[Belviso, Sauveur] Univ Versailles St Quentin En Yvelines, CNRS, Commissariat Energie Atom & Energies Alternat, Lab Sci Climat & Environm,UMR 8212, Gif Sur Yvette, France.
RP Bucciarelli, E (reprint author), Univ Brest, Plouzane, France.
EM Eva.Bucciarelli@univ-brest.fr
FU French program "Les enveloppes fluides et l'environnement-Cycles
biogeochimiques, environnement et ressources'' (LEFE-CYBER); Agence
Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) [ANR-10-JCJC-606]
FX We thank Annick Masson for carbon and nitrogen determination, Melanie
Ravenel for measurements of length and width of the trichomes of T.
erythraeum, Frederic Vaultier for Chl a measurements of T. erythraeum,
Manon Le Goff for help with sampling cultures of T. oceanica and Chl a
measurements of T. oceanica, and Italo Masotti for helpful discussion on
the role of Trichodesmium in the sulfur cycle. We are grateful to the
French program "Les enveloppes fluides et l'environnement-Cycles
biogeochimiques, environnement et ressources'' (LEFE-CYBER) for
financial support (project Iron-Sulfur: How iron limitation affects the
production of dimethylsulfide; ISLAND). This work was also supported by
the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR; project Iron, Copper and
Oceanic Phytoplankton (ICOP) ANR-10-JCJC-606). We thank Maurice
Levasseur and an anonymous reviewer for their comments that helped to
improve the manuscript.
NR 57
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 27
PU AMER SOC LIMNOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY
PI WACO
PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710-4446 USA
SN 0024-3590
EI 1939-5590
J9 LIMNOL OCEANOGR
JI Limnol. Oceanogr.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 58
IS 5
BP 1667
EP 1679
DI 10.4319/lo.2013.58.5.1667
PG 13
WC Limnology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 257OH
UT WOS:000327393800010
ER
PT J
AU Cline, JP
Leoni, M
Black, D
Henins, A
Bonevich, JE
Whitfield, PS
Scardi, P
AF Cline, J. P.
Leoni, M.
Black, D.
Henins, A.
Bonevich, J. E.
Whitfield, P. S.
Scardi, P.
TI Crystalline domain size and faulting in the new NIST SRM 1979 zinc oxide
SO POWDER DIFFRACTION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 13th European Powder Diffraction Conference (EPDIC)
CY OCT 28-31, 2012
CL Grenoble, FRANCE
DE NIST; SRM 1979; Line Profile Analysis
ID DIFFRACTION LINE-PROFILES; POWDER
AB A NIST SRM certified to address the issue of crystallite size measurement through a line profile analysis has been under development for several years. In order to prepare the feedstock for the SRM, nano-crystalline zinc oxide was produced from thermal decomposition of zinc oxalate. The thermal processing parameters were chosen to yield particles in two size ranges, one with a distribution centered at approximately 15 nm and another centered at 60 nm. Certification data were collected on a NIST-built diffractometer equipped with a Johansson incident beam monochromator and scintillation detector. Data were analyzed using whole powder pattern modeling to determine microstructural data. The analysis shows domains to be in the form of discs of a fairly small aspect ratio. While both materials exhibit the effects of stacking faults through broadening of specific hkl reflections, their presence in the 60 nm is more difficult to discern. Images of the crystallites obtained with transmission electron microscopy are consistent with the results from the X-ray diffraction analyses.
C1 [Cline, J. P.; Black, D.; Henins, A.; Bonevich, J. E.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Whitfield, P. S.] CNR, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
[Leoni, M.; Scardi, P.] Univ Trento, Dept Civil Environm & Mech Engn, Trento, Italy.
RP Cline, JP (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RI Leoni, Matteo/A-9634-2010; Scardi, Paolo/E-2085-2014; Whitfield,
Pamela/P-1885-2015
OI Leoni, Matteo/0000-0002-2030-1711; Whitfield, Pamela/0000-0002-6569-1143
NR 14
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 7
PU J C P D S-INT CENTRE DIFFRACTION DATA
PI NEWTOWN SQ
PA 12 CAMPUS BLVD, NEWTOWN SQ, PA 19073-3273 USA
SN 0885-7156
EI 1945-7413
J9 POWDER DIFFR
JI Powder Diffr.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 28
SU 2
BP S22
EP S32
DI 10.1017/S0885715613001188
PG 11
WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
SC Materials Science
GA 256ME
UT WOS:000327314000004
ER
PT J
AU Scott, GI
Fulton, MH
DeLorenzo, ME
Wirth, EF
Key, PB
Pennington, PL
Kennedy, DM
Porter, D
Chandler, GT
Scott, CH
Ferry, JL
AF Scott, Geoffrey I.
Fulton, Michael H.
DeLorenzo, Marie E.
Wirth, Edward F.
Key, Peter B.
Pennington, Paul L.
Kennedy, David M.
Porter, Dwayne
Chandler, G. Tom
Scott, C. Hart
Ferry, John L.
TI The Environmental Sensitivity Index and Oil and Hazardous Materials
Impact Assessments: Linking Prespill Contingency Planning and Ecological
Risk Assessment
SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium in Applied Coastal Geomorphology to Honor Miles O. Hayes
CY OCT 06-09, 2011
CL Columbia, SC
DE Mesocosm; oil spills; dispersants; salt marsh community;
ecotoxicological assessments
ID MODULAR ESTUARINE MESOCOSM; EXXON-VALDEZ OIL; POLYCYCLIC
AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; GULF-OF-MEXICO; PESTICIDE RUNOFF;
PALAEMONETES-PUGIO; GRASS SHRIMP; SALT MARSHES; FOOD-WEB; SPILL
AB The oil spill Environmental Sensitivity Index (ESI) was developed by Miles O. Hayes and researchers at Research Planning Institute and at the University of South Carolina during the 1970s and has been used by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) to assess, forecast, and mitigate oil spill impacts throughout coastal regions of the United States. The ESI delineates different habitats types within coastal ecosystems and prioritizes their vulnerability to oil spills based on the persistence of oil and the ecological sensitivity of marine animals and plants within each habitat type. More physically exposed habitats (e.g., rock headlands), have shorter oil spill persistence and are less vulnerable than more sheltered habitats (e.g., tidal flats and salt marshes), where oil persists longer. Salt marshes are generally the most vulnerable habitats identified in most coastal regions of the United States using the ESI. To further assess impacts of oil and hazardous materials on salt marsh ecosystems, NOAA has developed a salt marsh mesocosm testing system that uses a modular approach to predict pollution impacts in the different marsh subhabitats, which are useful in defining multiple species toxicity and sensitivity to petroleum hydrocarbons and other chemical contaminants among the different salt marsh faunal taxa. The modular approach allows taxa in different salt marsh subhabitats, including Spartina alterniflora, Salicornia bigelovii, and Juncus roemerianus marsh communities, to be both individually and simultaneously compared and assessed. These mesocosms are also useful in predicting fate and effects, food web bioaccumulation, acute or chronic toxicity, and sublethal bioeffects for a number of pollutants. Results from these mesocosm studies indicate the utility of this integrated risk assessment method for predicting the fate and bioeffects of chemical contaminants on the estuarine salt marsh community and provide a direct link with the ESI, thus connecting prespill contingency planning and predictive ecological risk assessment.
C1 [Scott, Geoffrey I.; Fulton, Michael H.; DeLorenzo, Marie E.; Wirth, Edward F.; Key, Peter B.; Pennington, Paul L.] NOAA, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Kennedy, David M.] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Porter, Dwayne; Chandler, G. Tom; Scott, C. Hart] Univ S Carolina, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Ferry, John L.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Chem & Biochem, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
RP Scott, GI (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, 219 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
EM geoff.scott@noaa.gov
NR 69
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 6
U2 61
PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION
PI COCONUT CREEK
PA 5130 NW 54TH STREET, COCONUT CREEK, FL 33073 USA
SN 0749-0208
EI 1551-5036
J9 J COASTAL RES
JI J. Coast. Res.
PD FAL
PY 2013
SI 69
BP 100
EP 113
DI 10.2112/SI_69_8
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences,
Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology
GA 251TW
UT WOS:000326954600008
ER
PT J
AU Reader, J
Clark, C
AF Reader, Joseph
Clark, Charles
TI Notes on the history of nuclear physics Reply
SO PHYSICS TODAY
LA English
DT Letter
C1 [Reader, Joseph; Clark, Charles] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Reader, J (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM joseph.reader@nist.gov; charles.clark@nist.gov
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0031-9228
EI 1945-0699
J9 PHYS TODAY
JI Phys. Today
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 66
IS 9
BP 10
EP 10
PG 1
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 252SQ
UT WOS:000327030900004
ER
PT J
AU Sergienko, OV
AF Sergienko, O. V.
TI Basal channels on ice shelves
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-EARTH SURFACE
LA English
DT Article
DE ice shelves; melt channels; numerical modeling
ID PINE ISLAND GLACIER; OCEAN CIRCULATION; WEST ANTARCTICA; SHEET; BENEATH;
FLOW
AB Recent surveys of floating ice shelves associated with Pine Island Glacier (Antarctica) and Petermann Glacier (Greenland) indicate that there are channels incised upward into their bottoms that may serve as the conduits of meltwater outflow from the sub-ice-shelf cavity. The formation of the channels, their evolution over time, and their impact on ice-shelf flow are investigated using a fully-coupled ice-shelf/sub-ice-shelf ocean model. The model simulations suggest that channels may form spontaneously in response to meltwater plume flow initiated at the grounding line if there are relatively high melt rates and if there is transverse to ice-flow variability in ice-shelf thickness. Typical channels formed in the simulations have a width of about 1-3 km and a vertical relief of about 100-200 m. Melt rates and sea-water transport in the channels are significantly higher than on the smooth flat ice bottom between the channels. The melt channels develop through melting, deformation, and advection with ice-shelf flow. Simulations suggest that both steady state and cyclic state solutions are possible depending on conditions along the lateral ice-shelf boundaries. This peculiar dynamics of the system has strong implications on the interpretation of observations. The richness of channel morphology and evolution seen in this study suggests that further observations and theoretical analysis are imperative for understanding ice-shelf behavior in warm oceanic conditions.
C1 Princeton Univ, GFDL AOS, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
RP Sergienko, OV (reprint author), Princeton Univ, GFDL AOS, 201 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM osergien@princeton.edu
FU NSF [ANT-0838811, ARC-0934534]
FX I thank two anonymous referees for their constructive criticisms and
thoughtful suggestions, Carl Gladish for fruitful discussions, and Doug
MacAyeal for help with the manuscript. This research is supported by NSF
grants ANT-0838811 and ARC-0934534.
NR 28
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 2
U2 20
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9003
EI 2169-9011
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-EARTH
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Earth Surf.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 3
BP 1342
EP 1355
DI 10.1002/jgrf.20105
PG 14
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 238VC
UT WOS:000325978500012
ER
PT J
AU Kumar, A
Murtugudde, R
AF Kumar, Arun
Murtugudde, Raghu
TI Predictability, uncertainty and decision making: a unified perspective
to build a bridge from weather to climate
SO CURRENT OPINION IN ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY
LA English
DT Review
ID PREDICTION; COMMUNICATION; FORECASTS; SCENARIOS
AB In this essay, the common thread of limits of predictability and uncertainty that permeate across weather and climate prediction and projections is discussed in the context of developing a strategy for 'seamless' communication and utilization of uncertain information in decision making. In understanding why uncertainty is an unavoidable trait of predictions in the first place, a useful concept is the separation of the Earth System (ES) into internal and external components. This separation allows one to first, recognize that for prediction at all time-scales, the inherent source for limits on predictability is due to the divergence of forecasts from a cloud of initial conditions, and second, thereby recognize that the fundamental source of uncertainty (or unpredictability) is limited by our ability to specify initial conditions for the internal component with perfect accuracy. The unavoidability of uncertainty in predictions, and accepting this fact could be advantageous in the ongoing discussions on how to communicate climate projections and the associated uncertainties by learning from the knowledge base that exists for communicating similar information on weather and seasonal predictions that are generated on a much more frequent basis. Similarly, decision-support systems for developing adaptation and mitigation strategies can use predictions on shorter range as a test-bed to hone their strategies to incorporate predictive uncertainty when dealing with longer-range projections. By practicing the use of decision making tools and the incorporation of uncertain predictions on weather and seasonal time scale, decision makers can improve their level of comfort in accepting uncertainty inherent in longer range predictions and projections on a much less infrequent basis. In this paradigm, evolving strategy for seamless predictions can be blended with a strategy for seamless communication of uncertain information and also with seamless application of decision support systems.
C1 [Kumar, Arun] Climate Predict Ctr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Murtugudde, Raghu] Univ Maryland, ESSIC, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Kumar, A (reprint author), Climate Predict Ctr, 5830 Univ Res Court, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM arun.kumar@noaa.gov
FU NASA PO on intraseasonal bio-feedbacks; ONR funds for DYNAMO
FX RM gratefully acknowledges funding from NASA PO on intraseasonal
bio-feedbacks and altimetric studies and ONR funds for DYNAMO.
NR 31
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1877-3435
EI 1877-3443
J9 CURR OPIN ENV SUST
JI Curr. Opin. Environ. Sustain.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 5
IS 3-4
BP 327
EP 333
DI 10.1016/j.cosust.2013.05.009
PG 7
WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Environmental Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 235SR
UT WOS:000325741500008
ER
PT J
AU Feng, SC
Kramer, T
Sriram, RD
Lee, H
Joung, CB
Ghodous, P
AF Feng, Shaw C.
Kramer, Thomas
Sriram, Ram D.
Lee, Hanmin
Joung, Che B.
Ghodous, Parisa
TI Disassembly Process Information Model for Remanufacturing
SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATION SCIENCE IN ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE disassembly; disassembly modeling; disassembly process; information
modeling; remanufacturing
ID DESIGN; PRODUCTS; PLANNER
AB Disassembly is essential to dismantle a product for remanufacturing during maintenance or at the end of service life. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has developed an information model for describing disassembly processes. A disassembly process includes many subprocesses, such as separation, cleaning, repair, replacement, and inspection. This paper describes a disassembly process information model with the following key components: workpiece, material content, equipment, and workflow. The workflow aspect supports the modeling of operations, operation sequences, branching an operation into multiple ones, and joining multiple operations into one. The model provides a foundation for computer-aided disassembly software systems development.
C1 [Feng, Shaw C.; Kramer, Thomas; Sriram, Ram D.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Lee, Hanmin] Korea Inst Machinery & Mat, Taejon 305343, South Korea.
[Joung, Che B.] Korea Inst Ind Technol, Cheonan 331822, ChungCheongnam, South Korea.
[Ghodous, Parisa] Univ Lyon 1, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France.
RP Feng, SC (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 38
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 20
PU ASME
PI NEW YORK
PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 1530-9827
EI 1944-7078
J9 J COMPUT INF SCI ENG
JI J. Comput. Inf. Sci. Eng.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 13
IS 3
AR 031004
DI 10.1115/1.4024543
PG 18
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering,
Manufacturing
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA 241RU
UT WOS:000326186100005
ER
PT J
AU Shakarji, CM
Srinivasan, V
AF Shakarji, Craig M.
Srinivasan, Vijay
TI Theory and Algorithms for Weighted Total Least-Squares Fitting of Lines,
Planes, and Parallel Planes to Support Tolerancing Standards
SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATION SCIENCE IN ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
AB We present the theory and algorithms for fitting a line, a plane, two parallel planes (corresponding to a slot or a slab), or many parallel planes in a total (orthogonal) least-squares sense to coordinate data that is weighted. Each of these problems is reduced to a simple 3 x 3 matrix eigenvalue/eigenvector problem or an equivalent singular value decomposition problem, which can be solved using reliable and readily available commercial software. These methods were numerically verified by comparing them with brute-force minimization searches. We demonstrate the need for such weighted total least-squares fitting in coordinate metrology to support new and emerging tolerancing standards, for instance, ISO 14405-1:2010. The widespread practice of unweighted fitting works well enough when point sampling is controlled and can be made uniform (e. g., using a discrete point contact coordinate measuring machine). However, we show by example that non-uniformly sampled points (arising from many new measurement technologies) coupled with unweighted least-squares fitting can lead to erroneous results. When needed, the algorithms presented also solve the unweighted cases simply by assigning the value one to each weight. We additionally prove convergence from the discrete to continuous cases of least-squares fitting as the point sampling becomes dense.
C1 [Shakarji, Craig M.] NIST, Phys Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Srinivasan, Vijay] NIST, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Shakarji, CM (reprint author), NIST, Phys Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM craig.shakarji@nist.gov; vijay.srinivasan@nist.gov
NR 20
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 7
PU ASME
PI NEW YORK
PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 1530-9827
EI 1944-7078
J9 J COMPUT INF SCI ENG
JI J. Comput. Inf. Sci. Eng.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 13
IS 3
AR 031008
DI 10.1115/1.4024854
PG 11
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering,
Manufacturing
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA 241RU
UT WOS:000326186100009
ER
PT J
AU Srinivasan, V
AF Srinivasan, Vijay
TI Why should we care about Cyber-Physical Systems?
SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATION SCIENCE IN ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Srinivasan, V (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU ASME
PI NEW YORK
PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 1530-9827
EI 1944-7078
J9 J COMPUT INF SCI ENG
JI J. Comput. Inf. Sci. Eng.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 13
IS 3
AR 030301
PG 2
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering,
Manufacturing
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA 241RU
UT WOS:000326186100001
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, GC
Chambers, DP
AF Johnson, Gregory C.
Chambers, Don P.
TI Ocean bottom pressure seasonal cycles and decadal trends from GRACE
Release-05: Ocean circulation implications
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
DE ocean general circulation; seasonal cycle; sea level variability; sea
level trends; ocean mass variability; GRACE
ID SEA-LEVEL VARIATIONS; SOUTHERN-OCEAN; NORTH PACIFIC; GLOBAL OCEAN;
MODEL; VARIABILITY; FLUCTUATIONS; EXTENSION; ENSO
AB Ocean mass variations are important for diagnosing sea level budgets, the hydrological cycle, the global energy budget, and ocean circulation variability. Here seasonal cycles and decadal trends of ocean mass from January 2003 to December 2012, both global and regional, are analyzed using GRACE Release-05 data. The trend of global flux of mass into the ocean approaches 2 cm decade(-1) in equivalent sea level rise. Regional trends are of similar magnitude, with the North Pacific, South Atlantic, and South Indian oceans generally gaining mass and other regions losing mass. These trends suggest a spin-down of the North Pacific western boundary current extension and the Antarctic Circumpolar Current in the South Atlantic and South Indian oceans. The global average seasonal cycle of ocean mass is about 1 cm in amplitude, with a maximum in early October and volume fluxes in and out of the ocean reaching 0.5 Sv (1 Sv=1 x 10(6) m(3) s(-1)) when integrated over the area analyzed here. Regional patterns of seasonal ocean mass change have typical amplitudes of 1-4 cm, and include maxima in the subtropics and minima in the subpolar regions in hemispheric winters. The subtropical mass gains and subpolar mass losses in the winter spin-up both subtropical and subpolar gyres, hence the western boundary current extensions. Seasonal variations in these currents are order 10 Sv, but since the associated depth-averaged current variations are only order 0.1 cm s(-1), they would be difficult to detect using in situ oceanographic instruments.
C1 [Johnson, Gregory C.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Chambers, Don P.] Univ S Florida, Coll Marine Sci, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
RP Johnson, GC (reprint author), NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way NE Bldg 3, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM gregory.c.johnson@noaa.gov
RI Johnson, Gregory/I-6559-2012;
OI Johnson, Gregory/0000-0002-8023-4020; Chambers, Don/0000-0002-5439-0257
FU NOAA Research; NOAA Climate Program Office; NASA [NNX12AL28G]
FX NOAA Research and the NOAA Climate Program Office funded G.C.J. and NASA
funded D. P. C. through grant NNX12AL28G. GRACE ocean data were
processed by DPC, supported by the NASA MEASURES Program, and are
available at http://grace.-jpl.nasa.gov. Three anonymous reviewers
provided thoughtful comments that improved the manuscript. PMEL
publication 3999.
NR 52
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 20
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 9
BP 4228
EP 4240
DI 10.1002/jgrc.20307
PG 13
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 242HQ
UT WOS:000326230200016
ER
PT J
AU Fujisaki, A
Wang, J
Bai, XZ
Leshkevich, G
Lofgren, B
AF Fujisaki, Ayumi
Wang, Jia
Bai, Xuezhi
Leshkevich, George
Lofgren, Brent
TI Model-simulated interannual variability of Lake Erie ice cover,
circulation, and thermal structure in response to atmospheric forcing,
2003-2012
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
DE Lake Erie; ice-hydrodynamic modeling; lake ice; interannual variability
ID GREAT-LAKES; SEA-ICE; MICHIGAN; TURBULENCE; DYNAMICS; CURRENTS; CLIMATE;
SYSTEM; LAYER; CYCLE
AB Interannual variability of ice cover, circulation, and thermal structure in Lake Erie for 2003-2012 was investigated using a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model coupled with ice processes. The model reproduced minima of ice extent in the winters of 2006 and 2012 (mild winters), as well as maxima in 2009 and 2011 (severe winters) in agreement with the observational analysis. The model reasonably captured ice thicknesses, seasonal variation of the mean surface temperature, and lake circulation. The model results showed early onset of stratification in March after the almost ice-free winter of 2012. In the mild winters, the coastal current speed was significantly higher than the 9 year mean, since the larger open water region due to less ice cover allowed the more effective wind driven circulation. In the severe winters, the lake circulation was slowed because the packed ice reduced wind stress on the water surface. Seasonal means of coastal current speed ranged from 3.9 cm/s in the severe winter (January to March mean) of 2009 to 7.2 cm/s in the mild winter of 2012. The variation was much larger than in the other seasons (0.6 cm/s). The results imply that decreasing ice cover could lead to a more energetic coastal circulation in winter, which could influence lake turbidity, material transport, and nearshore waves. Finally, the interannual variation of ice cover is discussed in relation to teleconnection patterns. The ice minimum (maximum) in the winter of 2006 (2009) can be explained by the intermittent positive (negative) North Atlantic Oscillation that occurred in January (December to January).
C1 [Fujisaki, Ayumi; Bai, Xuezhi] Univ Michigan, Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosyst Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[Wang, Jia; Leshkevich, George; Lofgren, Brent] NOAA Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI USA.
RP Fujisaki, A (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosyst Res, 4840 S State Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
EM ayumif@umich.edu
OI Lofgren, Brent/0000-0003-2189-0914
FU EPA Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI); NSF OCE [0927643]
FX The paper is supported by the EPA Great Lakes Restoration Initiative
(GLRI), and NSF OCE grant 0927643. We would like to thank David J.
Schwab for providing the meteorological data, Dmitry Beletsky for
helpful discussion, and the two anonymous reviewers for their comments.
Thanks also to Cathy Darnell of GLERL for editing this paper. This is
GLERL contribution 1670.
NR 47
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 6
U2 24
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 9
BP 4286
EP 4304
DI 10.1002/jgrc.20312
PG 19
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 242HQ
UT WOS:000326230200020
ER
PT J
AU Hope, ME
Westerink, JJ
Kennedy, AB
Kerr, PC
Dietrich, JC
Dawson, C
Bender, CJ
Smith, JM
Jensen, RE
Zijlema, M
Holthuijsen, LH
Luettich, RA
Powell, MD
Cardone, VJ
Cox, AT
Pourtaheri, H
Roberts, HJ
Atkinson, JH
Tanaka, S
Westerink, HJ
Westerink, LG
AF Hope, M. E.
Westerink, J. J.
Kennedy, A. B.
Kerr, P. C.
Dietrich, J. C.
Dawson, C.
Bender, C. J.
Smith, J. M.
Jensen, R. E.
Zijlema, M.
Holthuijsen, L. H.
Luettich, R. A., Jr.
Powell, M. D.
Cardone, V. J.
Cox, A. T.
Pourtaheri, H.
Roberts, H. J.
Atkinson, J. H.
Tanaka, S.
Westerink, H. J.
Westerink, L. G.
TI Hindcast and validation of Hurricane Ike (2008) waves, forerunner, and
storm surge
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
DE Hurricane Ike; Louisiana-Texas shelf; storm surge; waves; hurricane
forerunner; SWAN plus ADCIRC
ID SHALLOW-WATER; SOUTHERN LOUISIANA; COASTAL REGIONS; WIND FIELDS; MODEL;
SWAN; VERIFICATION; PERFORMANCE; GUSTAV; SCALE
AB Hurricane Ike (2008) made landfall near Galveston, Texas, as a moderate intensity storm. Its large wind field in conjunction with the Louisiana-Texas coastline's broad shelf and large scale concave geometry generated waves and surge that impacted over 1000 km of coastline. Ike's complex and varied wave and surge response physics included: the capture of surge by the protruding Mississippi River Delta; the strong influence of wave radiation stress gradients on the Delta adjacent to the shelf break; the development of strong wind driven shore-parallel currents and the associated geostrophic setup; the forced early rise of water in coastal bays and lakes facilitating inland surge penetration; the propagation of a free wave along the southern Texas shelf; shore-normal peak wind-driven surge; and resonant and reflected long waves across a wide continental shelf. Preexisting and rapidly deployed instrumentation provided the most comprehensive hurricane response data of any previous hurricane. More than 94 wave parameter time histories, 523 water level time histories, and 206 high water marks were collected throughout the Gulf in deep water, along the nearshore, and up to 65 km inland. Ike's highly varied physics were simulated using SWAN+ADCIRC, a tightly coupled wave and circulation model, on SL18TX33, a new unstructured mesh of the Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea, and western Atlantic Ocean with high resolution of the Gulf's coastal floodplain from Alabama to the Texas-Mexico border. A comprehensive validation was made of the model's ability to capture the varied physics in the system.
C1 [Hope, M. E.; Westerink, J. J.; Kennedy, A. B.; Kerr, P. C.; Dietrich, J. C.; Tanaka, S.; Westerink, H. J.; Westerink, L. G.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Civil & Environm Engn & Earth Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Dawson, C.] Univ Texas Austin, Inst Computat Engn & Sci, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Bender, C. J.] Taylor Engn, Jacksonville, FL USA.
[Smith, J. M.; Jensen, R. E.] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS USA.
[Zijlema, M.; Holthuijsen, L. H.] Delft Univ Technol, Fac Civil Engn & Geosci, Delft, Netherlands.
[Luettich, R. A., Jr.] Univ N Carolina, Inst Marine Sci, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
[Powell, M. D.] NOAA Miami, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Labs, Hurricane Res Div, Miami, FL USA.
[Cardone, V. J.; Cox, A. T.] Oceanweather Inc, Cos Cob, CT USA.
[Pourtaheri, H.] US Army Corps Engineers, New Orleans Dist, New Orleans, LA USA.
[Roberts, H. J.; Atkinson, J. H.] ARCADIS, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Hope, ME (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Civil & Environm Engn & Earth Sci, 156 Fitzpatrick Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
EM mark.e.hope@gmail.com
RI Dietrich, Joel/E-5161-2011; Kennedy, Andrew/E-4746-2011; Zijlema,
Marcel/J-3099-2013; Powell, Mark/I-4963-2013
OI Dietrich, Joel/0000-0001-5294-2874; Kennedy, Andrew/0000-0002-7254-1346;
Powell, Mark/0000-0002-4890-8945
FU NOAA via the U.S. IOOS Office [NA10NOS0120063, NA11NOS0120141]; U.S.
Army Corps of Engineers New Orleans District; Department of Homeland
Security [2008-ST-061-ND0001]; Federal Emergency Management Agency,
Region 6; National Science Foundation [OCI-0746232, OCI-1053575]
FX This project was supported by: NOAA via the U.S. IOOS Office
(NA10NOS0120063 and NA11NOS0120141) and was managed by the Southeastern
Universities Research Association; the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers New
Orleans District; the Department of Homeland Security
(2008-ST-061-ND0001); and the Federal Emergency Management Agency,
Region 6. The National Science Foundation (OCI-0746232) supported ADCIRC
and SWAN model development. Computational facilities were provided by:
the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Department of
Defense Supercomputing Resource Center; The University of Texas at
Austin Texas Advanced Computing Center; The Extreme Science and
Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), which is supported by
National Science Foundation, grant OCI-1053575. Permission to publish
this paper was granted by the Chief of Engineers, U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers. The views and conclusions contained in this document are
those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily
representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the
U.S. Department of Homeland Security. The authors thank Professor
Chunyan Li and the Coastal Studies Institute at Louisiana State
University for providing the CSI water level and current data.
NR 53
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 1
U2 29
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 9
BP 4424
EP 4460
DI 10.1002/jgrc.20314
PG 37
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 242HQ
UT WOS:000326230200029
ER
PT J
AU Xu, JJ
Yang, B
Hammouda, B
AF Xu, Jiajun
Yang, Bao
Hammouda, Boualem
TI Thermophysical Properties and Pool Boiling Characteristics of
Water-in-Polyalphaolefin Nanoemulsion Fluids
SO JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
LA English
DT Review
DE nanoemulsion; pool boiling; thermophysical property; small-angle neutron
scattering
ID ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING; EFFECTIVE THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; AOT
MICROEMULSION STRUCTURE; CRITICAL HEAT-FLUX; INVERSE MICROEMULSIONS;
DROPLET STRUCTURE; DISPERSE PHASE; TEMPERATURE; NANOFLUIDS; SUSPENSIONS
AB In this work, thermophysical properties, microstructure, and pool boiling characteristics of water-in-polyalphaolefin (PAO) nanoemulsion fluids have been measured in the water concentration range of 0-10.3 vol. %, in order to gain basic data for nanoemulsion boiling. Water-in-PAO nanoemulsion fluids are formed via self-assembly with surfactant: sodium sullfosuccinate (AOT). Thermal conductivity of these fluids is found to increase monotonically with water concentration, as expected from the Maxwell equation. Unlike thermal conductivity, their dynamic viscosity first increases with water concentration, reaches a maximum at 5.3 vol. %, and then decreases. The observed maximum viscosity could be attributed to the attractive forces among water droplets. The microstructures of the water-in-PAO nanoemulsion fluids are measured via the small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) technique, which shows a transition from sphere to elongated cylinder when the water concentration increases above 5.3 vol. %. The pool boiling heat transfer of these water-in-PAO nanoemulsion fluids is measured on a horizontal Pt wire at room temperature (25 degrees C, subcooled condition). One interesting phenomenon observed is that the pool boiling follows two different curves randomly when the water concentration is in the range of 5.3 vol. % to 7.8 vol. %.
C1 [Xu, Jiajun; Yang, Bao] Univ Maryland, Dept Mech Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Hammouda, Boualem] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Yang, B (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Mech Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
FU National Science Foundation [CBET-0730963, DMR-0944772]
FX This study is financially supported by National Science Foundation
(CBET-0730963). The SANS measurements performed at the NIST-CNR are
supported in part by the National Science Foundation under Agreement No.
DMR-0944772.
NR 64
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 16
PU ASME
PI NEW YORK
PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 0022-1481
EI 1528-8943
J9 J HEAT TRANS-T ASME
JI J. Heat Transf.-Trans. ASME
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 135
IS 9
SI SI
AR 091303
DI 10.1115/1.4024423
PG 6
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering
GA 241LZ
UT WOS:000326169800010
ER
PT J
AU Pike, A
Danner, E
Boughton, D
Melton, F
Nemani, R
Rajagopalan, B
Lindley, S
AF Pike, Andrew
Danner, Eric
Boughton, David
Melton, Forrest
Nemani, Rama
Rajagopalan, Balaji
Lindley, Steve
TI Forecasting river temperatures in real time using a stochastic dynamics
approach
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Water Temperature; Sacramento River; uNmerical Prediction; River
Management; Heat Budget
ID STATE-SPACE MODEL; STREAM TEMPERATURE; WATER TEMPERATURES;
DISPERSION-EQUATION; NUMERICAL-SOLUTION; REGULATED RIVERS; MANAGEMENT;
CALIFORNIA; SALMON; INTERPOLATION
AB We address the growing need for accurate water temperature predictions in regulated rivers to inform decision support systems and protect aquatic habitats. Although many suitable river temperature models exist, few simultaneously model water temperature dynamics while considering uncertainty of predictions and assimilating observations. Here, we employ a stochastic dynamics approach to water temperature modeling that estimates both the water temperature state and its uncertainty by propagating error through a physically based dynamical system. This method involves converting the governing hydrodynamic and heat transport equations into a state space form and assimilating observations via the Kalman Filter. This model, called the River Assessment for Forecasting Temperature (RAFT), closes the heat budget by tracking heat movement using a robust semi-Lagrangian numerical scheme. RAFT considers key thermodynamic processes, including advection, longitudinal dispersion, atmospheric heat fluxes, lateral inflows, streambed heat exchange, and unsteady nonuniform flow. Inputs include gridded meteorological forecasts from a numerical weather prediction model, bathymetric cross-sectional geometry, and temperature and flow measurements at the upstream boundary and tributaries. We applied RAFT to an approximate to 100 km portion of the Sacramento River in California, downstream of Keswick Dam (a regulatory dam below Shasta Dam), at a spatial resolution of 2 km and a temporal resolution of 15 min. Model prediction error over a 6 month calibration period was on the order of 0.5 degrees C. When temperature and flow gage data were assimilated, the mean prediction error was significantly less (0.25 degrees C). The model accurately predicts the magnitude and timing of diel temperature fluctuations and can provide 72 h water temperature forecasts when linked with meteorological forecasts and real-time flow/temperature monitoring networks. RAFT is potentially scalable to model and forecast fine-grained one-dimensional temperature dynamics covering a broad extent in a variety of regulated rivers provided that adequate input data are available.
C1 [Pike, Andrew] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Pike, Andrew; Danner, Eric; Boughton, David; Lindley, Steve] NOAA, Fisheries Ecol Div, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Melton, Forrest; Nemani, Rama] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Biospher Sci Branch, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Melton, Forrest] Calif State Univ Monterey Bay, Dept Sci & Environm Policy, Seaside, CA USA.
[Rajagopalan, Balaji] Univ Colorado, Dept Environm & Architectural Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Pike, A (reprint author), NOAA, Fisheries Ecol Div, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 110 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM andrew.pike@noaa.gov
RI Lindley, Steven/G-3997-2014; Rajagopalan, Balaji/A-5383-2013
OI Lindley, Steven/0000-0001-9556-0411; Rajagopalan,
Balaji/0000-0002-6883-7240
FU NASA Applied Sciences award [NNX08AK72G]; NOAA/NMFS Southwest Fisheries
Science Center
FX Funding for this study was provided by NASA Applied Sciences award
NNX08AK72G and by the NOAA/NMFS Southwest Fisheries Science Center.
NR 61
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 35
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
EI 1944-7973
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 49
IS 9
BP 5168
EP 5182
DI 10.1002/wrcr.20389
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA 238ZO
UT WOS:000325991100005
ER
PT J
AU Levin, H
Emmerich, SJ
AF Levin, Hal
Emmerich, Steven J.
TI Dissecting Interactions Among IEQ Factors
SO ASHRAE JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID INDOOR AIR-QUALITY; HUMIDITY; TEMPERATURE; PERCEPTION; IMPACT
AB Many aspects of indoor environmental quality (IEQ) and the technologies that control or otherwise affect it are interactive and often closely connected. Yet the technologies to control the indoor environment are usually designed, installed and operated without considering the interactions. This has important implications for the design and construction of buildings as well as for operation, maintenance, and troubleshooting in occupied buildings.
C1 [Levin, Hal] Bldg Ecol Res Grp, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
[Emmerich, Steven J.] NIST, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Levin, H (reprint author), Bldg Ecol Res Grp, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 4
PU AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING AIR-CONDITIONING ENG, INC,
PI ATLANTA
PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA
SN 0001-2491
EI 1943-6637
J9 ASHRAE J
JI ASHRAE J.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 55
IS 9
BP 66
EP +
PG 8
WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering,
Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering
GA 240XV
UT WOS:000326131900020
ER
PT J
AU Lammer, H
Blanc, M
Benz, W
Fridlund, M
du Foresto, VC
Gudel, M
Rauer, H
Udry, S
Bonnet, RM
Falanga, M
Charbonneau, D
Helled, R
Kley, W
Linsky, J
Elkins-Tanton, LT
Alibert, Y
Chassefiere, E
Encrenaz, T
Hatzes, AP
Lin, D
Liseau, R
Lorenzen, W
Raymond, SN
AF Lammer, Helmut
Blanc, Michel
Benz, Willy
Fridlund, Malcolm
du Foresto, Vincent Coude
Guedel, Manuel
Rauer, Heike
Udry, Stephane
Bonnet, Roger-Maurice
Falanga, Maurizio
Charbonneau, David
Helled, Ravit
Kley, Willy
Linsky, Jeffrey
Elkins-Tanton, Linda T.
Alibert, Yann
Chassefiere, Eric
Encrenaz, Therese
Hatzes, Artie P.
Lin, Douglas
Liseau, Rene
Lorenzen, Winfried
Raymond, Sean N.
TI The Science of Exoplanets and Their Systems
SO ASTROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT News Item
DE Exoplanets; Disks; Planet formation; Stellar activity; Water origin;
Water delivery; Habitability
ID TERRESTRIAL PLANET FORMATION; EXTRASOLAR PLANET; GIANT PLANETS; HD
189733B; MASS-LOSS; PRIMITIVE ATMOSPHERES; TRANSITING EXOPLANETS;
EMISSION-SPECTRUM; HABITABLE ZONE; HOT JUPITERS
AB A scientific forum on The Future Science of Exoplanets and Their Systems, sponsored by Europlanet(*) and the International Space Science Institute (ISSI)(dagger) and co-organized by the Center for Space and Habitability (CSH)(double dagger) of the University of Bern, was held during December 5 and 6, 2012, in Bern, Switzerland. It gathered 24 well-known specialists in exoplanetary, Solar System, and stellar science to discuss the future of the fast-expanding field of exoplanetary research, which now has nearly 1000 objects to analyze and compare and will develop even more quickly over the coming years. The forum discussions included a review of current observational knowledge, efforts for exoplanetary atmosphere characterization and their formation, water formation, atmospheric evolution, habitability aspects, and our understanding of how exoplanets interact with their stellar and galactic environment throughout their history. Several important and timely research areas of focus for further research efforts in the field were identified by the forum participants. These scientific topics are related to the origin and formation of water and its delivery to planetary bodies and the role of the disk in relation to planet formation, including constraints from observations as well as star-planet interaction processes and their consequences for atmosphere-magnetosphere environments, evolution, and habitability. The relevance of these research areas is outlined in this report, and possible themes for future ISSI workshops are identified that may be proposed by the international research community over the coming 2-3 years.
C1 [Lammer, Helmut] Austrian Acad Sci, Space Res Inst, A-8042 Graz, Austria.
[Blanc, Michel] UPS CNRS, IRAP, Observ Midi Pyrenees, Toulouse, France.
[Benz, Willy; Alibert, Yann] Univ Bern, Inst Phys, Bern, Switzerland.
[Fridlund, Malcolm] ESTEC ESA, Noordwijk, Netherlands.
[du Foresto, Vincent Coude; Encrenaz, Therese] LESIA Observ Paris, Meudon, France.
[du Foresto, Vincent Coude; Bonnet, Roger-Maurice; Falanga, Maurizio] ISSI, Bern, Switzerland.
[Guedel, Manuel] Univ Vienna, Inst Astron, A-1180 Vienna, Austria.
[Rauer, Heike] DLR, Inst Planetenforsch Extrasolare Planeten & Atmosp, Berlin, Germany.
[Udry, Stephane] Observ Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
[Charbonneau, David] Harvard Univ, Dept Astron, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Helled, Ravit] Tel Aviv Univ, Dept Geophys & Planetary Sci, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel.
[Kley, Willy] Univ Tubingen, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Tubingen, Germany.
[Linsky, Jeffrey] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Linsky, Jeffrey] NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
[Elkins-Tanton, Linda T.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC 20015 USA.
[Chassefiere, Eric] Univ Paris 11, CNRS, Lab IDES, F-91405 Orsay, France.
[Hatzes, Artie P.] Thuringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg, Tautenburg, Germany.
[Lin, Douglas] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Univ Calif Observ, Lick Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Liseau, Rene] Chalmers, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
[Lorenzen, Winfried] Univ Rostock, Inst Phys, D-18055 Rostock, Germany.
[Raymond, Sean N.] Lab Astrophys Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
RP Lammer, H (reprint author), Austrian Acad Sci, Space Res Inst, Schmiedlstr 6, A-8042 Graz, Austria.
EM helmut.lammer@oeaw.ac.at
RI Elkins-Tanton, Linda/C-5508-2008; Guedel, Manuel/C-8486-2015; Kley,
Wilhelm/A-4921-2012
OI Elkins-Tanton, Linda/0000-0003-4008-1098; Guedel,
Manuel/0000-0001-9818-0588;
NR 103
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 35
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1531-1074
EI 1557-8070
J9 ASTROBIOLOGY
JI Astrobiology
PD SEP 1
PY 2013
VL 13
IS 9
BP 793
EP 813
DI 10.1089/ast.2013.0997
PG 21
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Biology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics;
Geology
GA 219TU
UT WOS:000324534100001
PM 24015759
ER
PT J
AU Bentz, DP
Snyder, KA
Peltz, MA
Obla, K
Kim, H
AF Bentz, Dale P.
Snyder, Kenneth A.
Peltz, Max A.
Obla, Karthik
Kim, Haejin
TI Viscosity Modifiers to Enhance Concrete Performance
SO ACI MATERIALS JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE autogenous deformation; diffusion; durability; service life; strength;
viscosity
ID SHRINKAGE-REDUCING ADMIXTURES; SERVICE LIFE; MORTARS
AB The hazard rate function for concrete structures is often portrayed as a "bathtub"-shaped curve, with a finite" ever-decreasing probability of early-age failures being followed by a life with a relatively low constant probability of failure that ultimately increases dramatically as the end of service is reached. Ideally, new concrete technologies should reduce the failures occurring at both ends of this service-life spectrum. VERDiCT (viscosity enhancers reducing diffusion in concrete technology) is one such strategy based on increasing the pore solution viscosity. This approach has the potential to reduce the propensity for early-age cracking while also reducing long-term transport coefficients of deleterious ions such as chlorides. In this paper, the performance of a typical VERDiCT admixture-a viscosity modifier/shrinkage-reducing admixture-is investigated in mortar and concrete, both as an addition to the mixing water and as a concentrated solution used to pre-wet fine lightweight aggregates. A reduction in early-age cracking is achieved by eliminating autogenous shrinkage stresses that typically develop in lower water-cementitious material ratio (w/cm) concrete. By substantially increasing the viscosity of the pore solution in the concrete, the resistance to ionic diffusion is proportionally increased relative to a control concrete without the VERDiCT admixture. Herein, chloride ion diffusion coefficients are evaluated for two types of concrete containing typical substitution levels of supplementary cementitious materials namely, either 25% fly ash or 40% slag by mass. For the eight concrete mixtures investigated, the effective diffusion coefficient was reduced by approximately 33% by adding the VERDiCT admixture which, in practice, may imply a 50% increase in their service life, while the autogenous shrinkage was virtually eliminated. However, these benefits in early-age cracking resistance and long-term durability are tempered by up to a 20% reduction in compressive strength that may need to be accounted for at the design stage.
C1 [Bentz, Dale P.; Peltz, Max A.] NIST, Mat & Struct Syst Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Snyder, Kenneth A.] NIST, Inorgan Mat Grp, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Obla, Karthik] NRMCA, Tech Serv, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Kim, Haejin] NRMCA, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Bentz, DP (reprint author), NIST, Mat & Struct Syst Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 26
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER CONCRETE INST
PI FARMINGTON HILLS
PA 38800 COUNTRY CLUB DR, FARMINGTON HILLS, MI 48331 USA
SN 0889-325X
EI 1944-737X
J9 ACI MATER J
JI ACI Mater. J.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2013
VL 110
IS 5
BP 495
EP 502
PG 8
WC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science
GA 235QO
UT WOS:000325736000002
ER
PT J
AU Magic, Z
Collet, R
Asplund, M
Trampedach, R
Hayek, W
Chiavassa, A
Stein, RF
Nordlund, A
AF Magic, Z.
Collet, R.
Asplund, M.
Trampedach, R.
Hayek, W.
Chiavassa, A.
Stein, R. F.
Nordlund, A.
TI The STAGGER-grid: A grid of 3D stellar atmosphere models I. Methods and
general properties
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE convection; hydrodynamics; radiative transfer; stars: abundances; stars:
atmospheres; stars: fundamental parameters
ID RED GIANT STARS; 3-DIMENSIONAL HYDRODYNAMICAL SIMULATIONS; SPECTRAL-LINE
FORMATION; COOL DWARF STARS; METAL-POOR STARS; SOLAR GRANULATION;
SURFACE CONVECTION; MIXING-LENGTH; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; RADIAL
OSCILLATIONS
AB Aims. We present the Stagger-grid, a comprehensive grid of time-dependent, three-dimensional (3D), hydrodynamic model atmospheres for late-type stars with realistic treatment of radiative transfer, covering a wide range in stellar parameters. This grid of 3D models is intended for various applications besides studies of stellar convection and atmospheres per se, including stellar parameter determination, stellar spectroscopy and abundance analysis, asteroseismology, calibration of stellar evolution models, interferometry, and extrasolar planet search. In this introductory paper, we describe the methods we applied for the computation of the grid and discuss the general properties of the 3D models as well as of their temporal and spatial averages (here denoted < 3D > models).
Methods. All our models were generated with the STAGGER-code, using realistic input physics for the equation of state (EOS) and for continuous and line opacities. Our similar to 220 grid models range in effective temperature, T-eff, from 4000 to 7000 K in steps of 500 K, in surface gravity, log g, from 1.5 to 5.0 in steps of 0.5 dex, and metallicity, [Fe/H], from -4.0 to +0.5 in steps of 0.5 and 1.0 dex.
Results. We find a tight scaling relation between the vertical velocity and the surface entropy jump, which itself correlates with the constant entropy value of the adiabatic convection zone. The range in intensity contrast is enhanced at lower metallicity. The granule size correlates closely with the pressure scale height sampled at the depth of maximum velocity. We compare the < 3D > models with currently widely applied one-dimensional (1D) atmosphere models, as well as with theoretical 1D hydrostatic models generated with the same EOS and opacity tables as the 3D models, in order to isolate the effects of using self-consistent and hydrodynamic modeling of convection, rather than the classical mixing length theory approach. For the first time, we are able to quantify systematically over a broad range of stellar parameters the uncertainties of 1D models arising from the simplified treatment of physics, in particular convective energy transport. In agreement with previous findings, we find that the differences can be rather significant, especially for metal-poor stars.
C1 [Magic, Z.; Collet, R.; Asplund, M.; Hayek, W.] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85741 Garching, Germany.
[Magic, Z.; Collet, R.; Asplund, M.; Hayek, W.] Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia.
[Collet, R.; Nordlund, A.] Niels Bohr Inst, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, StarPlan, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Trampedach, R.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Trampedach, R.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Chiavassa, A.] Univ Nice Sophia Antipolis, Observ Cote Azur, CNRS, Lab Lagrange,UMR 7293, F-06189 Nice, France.
[Stein, R. F.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
RP Magic, Z (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Astrophys, Karl Schwarzschild Str 1, D-85741 Garching, Germany.
EM magic@mpa-garching.mpg.de
FU Direction generale de l'Enseignement non obligatoire et de la Recherche
scientifique - Direction de la Recherche scientifique Communaute
francaise de Belgique; F.R.S.-FNRS; Australian Research Council
Discovery Early Career Researcher Award [DE120102940]
FX We acknowledge access to computing facilities at Rechen Zentrum Garching
(RZG) through Max-Planck Institute for Astrophysics (MPA) and the
National Computational Infrastructure (NCI) of Australia, through
Australian National University (ANU), where the simulations were carried
out. We are grateful to W. Dappen for access to the code and data tables
for the EOS. And we thank B. Plez and B. Edvardsson for providing the
MARCS lineopacities. Also, we acknowledge the Action de Recherche
Concertee (ARC) grant provided by the Direction generale de
l'Enseignement non obligatoire et de la Recherche scientifique -
Direction de la Recherche scientifique Communaute francaise de Belgique,
and the F.R.S.-FNRS. Remo Collet is the recipient of an Australian
Research Council Discovery Early Career Researcher Award (project number
DE120102940). We thank the referee for the helpful comments.
NR 95
TC 64
Z9 64
U1 1
U2 3
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 1432-0746
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS
JI Astron. Astrophys.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 557
AR A26
DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201321274
PG 30
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 228TC
UT WOS:000325211900050
ER
PT J
AU Rynkun, P
Jonsson, P
Gaigalas, G
Fischer, CF
AF Rynkun, P.
Jonsson, P.
Gaigalas, G.
Fischer, C. Froese
TI Energies and E1, M1, E2, and M2 transition rates for states of the
2s(2)2p(4), 2s2p(5), and 2p(6) configurations in oxygen-like ions
between F II and Kr XXIX
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE atomic data
ID SPECTRAL-LINE INTENSITIES; ATOMIC-STRUCTURE PACKAGE; AB-INITIO
CALCULATION; ISOELECTRONIC SEQUENCE; OSCILLATOR-STRENGTHS; FORBIDDEN
TRANSITION; E2-TRANSITION RATES; PERTURBATION-THEORY; STORAGE-RING; N=2
COMPLEX
AB Based on relativistic wave functions from multiconfiguration Dirac-Hartree-Fock and configuration interaction calculations, E1, M1, E2, M2 transition rates, weighted oscillator strengths, and lifetimes are evaluated for the states of the (1s(2))2s(2)2p(4), 2s2p(5), and 2p(6) configurations in all oxygen-like ions between F II and Kr XXIX. Valence and core-valence correlation effects were accounted for through single-double multireference (SD-MR) expansions to increasing sets of active orbitals. Computed energies are compared with the NIST recommended values, generally differing by less than 600 cm(-1). For some spectra, significantly larger differences are found and our results are in better agreement with Edlen interpolated values. For levels where experimental lifetimes are available, the agreement is within experimental uncertainty for all but a few lowly ionized spectra. Complete Online tables of energy levels and transition data are available.
C1 [Rynkun, P.] Lithuanian Univ Educ Sci, LT-08106 Vilnius, Lithuania.
[Jonsson, P.] Malmo Univ, Grp Mat Sci & Appl Math, S-20506 Malmo, Sweden.
[Gaigalas, G.] Vilnius State Univ, Inst Theoret Phys & Astron, LT-01108 Vilnius, Lithuania.
[Fischer, C. Froese] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Rynkun, P (reprint author), Lithuanian Univ Educ Sci, Studentu 39, LT-08106 Vilnius, Lithuania.
EM pavel.rynkun@gmail.com
RI Jonsson, Per/L-3602-2013
OI Jonsson, Per/0000-0001-6818-9637
FU Visby program under the Swedish Institute; Swedish Research Foundation;
European Communities under the FP7 [FU07-CT-2007-00063]
FX P.J. and G. G. acknowledge support from the Visby program under the
Swedish Institute. P.J. acknowledges financial support by the Swedish
Research Foundation. G. G. acknowledges financial support by the
European Communities under the FP7 contract of Association between
EURATOM/LEI FU07-CT-2007-00063.
NR 50
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 9
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 0004-6361
EI 1432-0746
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS
JI Astron. Astrophys.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 557
AR A136
DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201321992
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 228TC
UT WOS:000325211900138
ER
PT J
AU Vancoppenolle, M
Bopp, L
Madec, G
Dunne, J
Ilyina, T
Halloran, PR
Steiner, N
AF Vancoppenolle, Martin
Bopp, Laurent
Madec, Gurvan
Dunne, John
Ilyina, Tatiana
Halloran, Paul R.
Steiner, Nadja
TI Future Arctic Ocean primary productivity from CMIP5 simulations:
Uncertain outcome, but consistent mechanisms
SO GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
LA English
DT Article
DE Arctic; primary production; nitrate; sea ice
ID SEA-ICE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PHYTOPLANKTON BLOOMS; MODEL DESCRIPTION;
ECOSYSTEM MODEL; PART I; GROWTH; ACIDIFICATION; PERSPECTIVE; PROJECTIONS
AB Net Arctic Ocean primary production (PP) is expected to increase over this century, due to less perennial sea ice and more available light, but could decrease depending on changes in nitrate (NO3) supply. Here Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 simulations performed with 11 Earth System Models are analyzed in terms of PP, surface NO3, and sea ice coverage over 1900-2100. Whereas the mean model simulates reasonably well Arctic-integrated PP (511TgC/yr, 1998-2005) and projects a mild 58TgC/yr increase by 2080-2099 for the strongest climate change scenario, models do not agree on the sign of future PP change. However, similar mechanisms operate in all models. The perennial ice loss-driven increase in PP is in most models NO3-limited. The Arctic surface NO3 is decreasing over the 21st century (-2.31mmol/m(3)), associated with shoaling mixed layer and with decreasing NO3 in the nearby North Atlantic and Pacific waters. However, the intermodel spread in the degree of NO3 limitation is initially high, resulting from >1000year spin-up simulations. This initial NO3 spread, combined with the trend, causes a large variation in the timing of oligotrophy onsetwhich directly controls the sign of future PP change. Virtually all models agree in the open ocean zones on more spatially integrated PP and less PP per unit area. The source of model uncertainty is located in the sea ice zone, where a subtle balance between light and nutrient limitations determines the PP change. Hence, it is argued that reducing uncertainty on present Arctic NO3 in the sea ice zone would render Arctic PP projections much more consistent.
C1 [Vancoppenolle, Martin; Madec, Gurvan] CNRS, LOCEAN IPSL, Paris, France.
[Bopp, Laurent] CNRS, LSCE IPSL, Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Madec, Gurvan] NOC, Southampton, Hants, England.
[Dunne, John] GFDL, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Ilyina, Tatiana] MPI, Hamburg, Germany.
[Halloran, Paul R.] Met Off Hadley Ctr, Exeter, Devon, England.
[Halloran, Paul R.] Univ Exeter, Coll Life & Environm Sci, Sch Geog, Exeter, Devon, England.
[Steiner, Nadja] Fisheries & Oceans, Sidney, BC, Canada.
[Steiner, Nadja] CCCMA, Victoria, BC, Canada.
RP Vancoppenolle, M (reprint author), IPSL Boite 100, Lab Oceanog & Climat, 4 Pl Jussieu, FR-75252 Paris 05, France.
EM martin.vancoppenolle@locean-ipsl.upmc.fr
RI madec, gurvan/E-7825-2010; Dunne, John/F-8086-2012; Vancoppenolle,
Martin/B-3750-2011; Halloran, Paul/G-3965-2012;
OI madec, gurvan/0000-0002-6447-4198; Dunne, John/0000-0002-8794-0489;
Vancoppenolle, Martin/0000-0002-7573-8582; Halloran,
Paul/0000-0002-9227-0678; Ilyina, Tatiana/0000-0002-3475-4842
FU [BISICLO FP7 CIG 321938]
FX Valuable help from Francois Massonnet, Pierre-Yves Barriat, Camille
Lique, Roland Seferian, Ivan Grozny, Ioulia Nikolskaia, Hideki Okajima,
and Michio Kawamiya; and financial support from project BISICLO FP7 CIG
321938 are gratefully acknowledged. We also acknowledge the World
Climate Research Programme's Working Group on Coupled Modelling, which
is responsible for CMIP5, and we thank the climate modeling groups for
producing and making their model output available. For CMIP5, the U.S.
Department of Energy's Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and
Intercomparison provides coordinating support and led development of
software infrastructure in partnership with the Global Organization for
Earth System Science Portals. Here the French Portal Prodiguer from the
Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace, Paris, France, was used to download CMIP5
output with great efficiency. Three groups are warmly thanked for
providing data and associated support: EUMETSAT-OSISAF (sea ice
concentration), the National Oceanographic Data Center (World Ocean
Atlas nitrate), as well as Kevin Arrigo and Gert van Dijken (Arctic
primary production), The two anonymous reviewers and the editor are
warmly thanked for their significant contribution to this manuscript.
NR 62
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U1 2
U2 59
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0886-6236
EI 1944-9224
J9 GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEM CY
JI Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 27
IS 3
BP 605
EP 619
DI 10.1002/gbc.20055
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 232JA
UT WOS:000325488600001
ER
PT J
AU van der Velde, IR
Miller, JB
Schaefer, K
Masarie, KA
Denning, S
White, JWC
Tans, PP
Krol, MC
Peters, W
AF van der Velde, I. R.
Miller, J. B.
Schaefer, K.
Masarie, K. A.
Denning, S.
White, J. W. C.
Tans, P. P.
Krol, M. C.
Peters, W.
TI Biosphere model simulations of interannual variability in terrestrial
C-13/C-12 exchange
SO GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
LA English
DT Article
DE carbon cycle; biogeochemical modeling; carbon isotopes
ID CARBON-ISOTOPE DISCRIMINATION; OCEAN CO2 SINK; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE;
C-13 DISCRIMINATION; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; CYCLE; CLIMATE; FIRES;
PHOTOSYNTHESIS; ASSIMILATION
AB Previous studies suggest that a large part of the variability in the atmospheric ratio of (CO2)-C-13/(12)CO(2)originates from carbon exchange with the terrestrial biosphere rather than with the oceans. Since this variability is used to quantitatively partition the total carbon sink, we here investigate the contribution of interannual variability (IAV) in biospheric exchange to the observed atmospheric C-13 variations. We use the Simple Biosphere - Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach biogeochemical model, including a detailed isotopic fractionation scheme, separate C-12 and C-13 biogeochemical pools, and satellite-observed fire disturbances. This model of (CO2)-C-12 and (CO2)-C-13 thus also produces return fluxes of (13)CO(2)from its differently aged pools, contributing to the so-called disequilibrium flux. Our simulated terrestrial C-13 budget closely resembles previously published model results for plant discrimination and disequilibrium fluxes and similarly suggests that variations in C-3 discrimination and year-to-year variations in C(3)and C-4 productivity are the main drivers of their IAV. But the year-to-year variability in the isotopic disequilibrium flux is much lower (1 sigma=1.5PgCyr(-1)) than required (12.5PgCyr(-1)) to match atmospheric observations, under the common assumption of low variability in net ocean CO2 fluxes. This contrasts with earlier published results. It is currently unclear how to increase IAV in these drivers suggesting that SiBCASA still misses processes that enhance variability in plant discrimination and relative C-3/C(4)productivity. Alternatively, C-13 budget terms other than terrestrial disequilibrium fluxes, including possibly the atmospheric growth rate, must have significantly different IAV in order to close the atmospheric C-13 budget on a year-to-year basis.
C1 [van der Velde, I. R.; Krol, M. C.; Peters, W.] Wageningen Univ, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands.
[Miller, J. B.; Masarie, K. A.; Tans, P. P.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Miller, J. B.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Schaefer, K.] Univ Colorado, Natl Snow & Ice Data Ctr, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Denning, S.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO USA.
[White, J. W. C.] Univ Colorado, INSTAAR, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Krol, M. C.] Univ Utrecht, IMAU, Utrecht, Netherlands.
RP van der Velde, IR (reprint author), Wageningen Univ, POB 47, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands.
EM ivar.vandervelde@wur.nl
RI White, James/A-7845-2009; Krol, Maarten/E-3414-2013; Peters,
Wouter/B-8305-2008; Denning, Scott/F-4974-2011
OI White, James/0000-0001-6041-4684; Peters, Wouter/0000-0001-8166-2070;
Denning, Scott/0000-0003-3032-7875
FU VIDI by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO)
[5120490-01]; Geocarbon project
FX The authors are most grateful to Caroline Alden for her support and
provision of data. We further wish to thank the benefactors and
colleagues that are participating in the Netherlands-China Exchange
Program. Ivar van der Velde was supported by a VIDI grant (project
5120490-01) provided by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific
Research (NWO). Wouter Peters was supported by the Geocarbon project.
The measurements of CO2 and delta13C used in this
publication were supported by NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory and
Climate Program Office.
NR 40
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Z9 4
U1 0
U2 19
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0886-6236
EI 1944-9224
J9 GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEM CY
JI Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 27
IS 3
BP 637
EP 649
DI 10.1002/gbc.20048
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 232JA
UT WOS:000325488600003
ER
PT J
AU Palevsky, HI
Ribalet, F
Swalwell, JE
Cosca, CE
Cokelet, ED
Feely, RA
Armbrust, EV
Quay, PD
AF Palevsky, Hilary I.
Ribalet, Francois
Swalwell, Jarred E.
Cosca, Catherine E.
Cokelet, Edward D.
Feely, Richard A.
Armbrust, E. Virginia
Quay, Paul D.
TI The influence of net community production and phytoplankton community
structure on CO2 uptake in the Gulf of Alaska
SO GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
LA English
DT Article
DE carbon cycle; phytoplankton; Gulf of Alaska; biological pump; net
community production
ID SUB-ARCTIC PACIFIC; MESOSCALE IRON ENRICHMENT; INLET MASS-SPECTROMETRY;
SURFACE OCEAN PCO(2); ORGANIC-CARBON FLUX; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY;
NORTHERN GULF; BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTION; INORGANIC CARBON; ATMOSPHERIC CO2
AB Biological productivity is a key factor controlling the ocean's ability to take up carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. However, the ecological dynamics that drive regions of intense productivity and carbon export are poorly understood. In this study, we present high-spatial-resolution estimates of air-sea CO2 flux, net community production (NCP) rates calculated from O-2/Ar ratios, and phytoplankton population abundances determined by continuous underway measurements on a cruise across the Gulf of Alaska in May 2010. The highest rates of NCP (24940 mmol C m(-2) d(-1)) and oceanic CO2 uptake (air-sea flux of -42.36.1 mmol C m(-2) d(-1)) were observed across a transition zone between the high-nitrate low-chlorophyll (HNLC) waters of the Alaskan Gyre and the coastal waters off the Aleutian Islands. While the transition zone comprises 20% of the total area covered in crossing the Gulf of Alaska, it contributed 58% of the total NCP and 67% of the total CO2 uptake observed along the cruise track. A corresponding transition zone phytoplankton bloom was dominated by two small-celled (<20 mu m) phytoplankton communities, which were distinct from the phytoplankton communities in the surrounding Alaskan Gyre and coastal waters. We hypothesize that mixing between iron-rich coastal waters and iron-limited Alaskan Gyre waters stimulated this bloom and fueled the high NCP and CO2 export observed in the region.
C1 [Palevsky, Hilary I.; Ribalet, Francois; Swalwell, Jarred E.; Armbrust, E. Virginia; Quay, Paul D.] Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Cosca, Catherine E.; Cokelet, Edward D.; Feely, Richard A.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Palevsky, HI (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Box 355351, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM palevsky@u.washington.edu
RI ribalet, francois/C-2626-2011;
OI ribalet, francois/0000-0002-7431-0234; Palevsky,
Hilary/0000-0002-0488-4531
FU National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate fellowship from the
Office of Naval Research; ARCS Foundation; NOAA OAR Climate Program
Office [A10OAR4310088]; NSF [0622247]; Gordon and Betty Moore
Foundation; NOAA Ocean Climate Observation Program; North Pacific
Research Board's Bering Sea Program
FX We acknowledge and thank the following individuals and organizations:
The captain and crew of R/V Thomas G. Thompson; Geoff Lebon and Dana
Greeley who plumbed the ISUS nitrate sensor into the ship's underway
seawater system; Jessica Cross and Nancy Kachel for collecting discrete
water samples; Scott McKeever for analyzing discrete salinity samples;
Calvin Mordy for supervising Eric Wisegarver who analyzed the discrete
nitrate samples and Fred Menzia who analyzed the chlorophyll-a samples;
Johnny Stutsman and Mark Haught for assistance in analyzing the discrete
O2/Ar samples; Steve Emerson and two anonymous reviewers for
their valuable comments on the manuscript. Funding for this project was
provided by a National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate
fellowship from the Office of Naval Research and an ARCS Foundation
fellowship to H.I.P., by NOAA OAR Climate Program Office grant
A10OAR4310088 to P.D.Q. and E.V.A., by NSF grant 0622247 and a Gordon
and Betty Moore Foundation Marine Microbiology Investigator award to
E.V.A., by NOAA Ocean Climate Observation Program support for C.E.C. and
R.A.F., and by the North Pacific Research Board's Bering Sea Program.
This is contribution 3936 from NOAA's Pacific Marine Environmental
Laboratory and contribution EcoFOCI-0794 from NOAA's
Fisheries-Oceanography Coordinated Investigations.
NR 95
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Z9 10
U1 1
U2 29
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0886-6236
EI 1944-9224
J9 GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEM CY
JI Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 27
IS 3
BP 664
EP 676
DI 10.1002/gbc.20058
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 232JA
UT WOS:000325488600005
ER
PT J
AU Dufour, CO
Le Sommer, J
Gehlen, M
Orr, JC
Molines, JM
Simeon, J
Barnier, B
AF Dufour, Carolina O.
Le Sommer, Julien
Gehlen, Marion
Orr, James C.
Molines, Jean-Marc
Simeon, Jennifer
Barnier, Bernard
TI Eddy compensation and controls of the enhanced sea-to-air CO2 flux
during positive phases of the Southern Annular Mode
SO GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
LA English
DT Article
DE Southern Ocean; natural CO2; eddies; southern annular mode
ID ANTARCTIC CIRCUMPOLAR CURRENT; RECENT CLIMATE-CHANGE; MESOSCALE EDDIES;
ANTHROPOGENIC CO2; OCEAN RESPONSE; DRAKE PASSAGE; TRANSPORT;
CIRCULATION; CARBON; VARIABILITY
AB The current positive trend in the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) is thought to reduce the growth rate of the Southern Ocean CO2 sink because enhanced wind-driven upwelling of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) increases outgassing of natural CO2. However, no study to date has quantified the potentially large role of mesoscale eddies in compensating intensified upwelling nor the mixed-layer processes in terms of their effects on CO2 fluxes. Here we report on results from two new simulations in a regional 0.5 degrees eddying model of the Southern Ocean. The first simulation is forced with interannually varying atmospheric reanalysis and coupled to a biogeochemistry model run under constant preindustrial atmospheric CO2. The second simulation is like the first except that superimposed on the forcing is a poleward shifted and intensified westerlies wind anomaly consistent with the positive phase of the SAM. In response to the SAM, the Southern Ocean's sea-to-air CO2 flux is enhanced by 0.1PgCyr(-1) per standard deviation of the SAM, mostly from the Antarctic Zone (AZ), where enhanced surface DIC is only partly compensated by enhanced surface alkalinity. Increased mixed-layer DIC in the AZ results from a combination of increased upwelling below the mixed layer and increased vertical diffusion at the base of the mixed layer. Previous studies overlooked the latter. Thus, upward supply of DIC and alkalinity depends on associated vertical gradients just below the mixed layer, which are affected by interior ocean transport. Our eddying model study suggests that about one third of the SAM enhancement of the Ekman-induced northward DIC transport is compensated by southward transport from standing and transient eddies.
C1 [Dufour, Carolina O.] CNRS Univ Grenoble, Lab Ecoulements Geophys & Ind, Grenoble, France.
[Dufour, Carolina O.; Gehlen, Marion; Orr, James C.; Simeon, Jennifer] CEA CNRS UVSQ, Lab Sci Climat & Environm, LSCE, IPSL, Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Le Sommer, Julien; Molines, Jean-Marc; Barnier, Bernard] CNRS Univ Grenoble, Lab Glaciol & Geophys Environm, Grenoble, France.
RP Dufour, CO (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
EM cdu-four@princeton.edu
RI Barnier, Bernard/F-2400-2016; Le Sommer, Julien/B-9869-2013;
OI Barnier, Bernard/0000-0002-7539-2542; Le Sommer,
Julien/0000-0002-6882-2938; Orr, James/0000-0002-8707-7080
FU French CEA (Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies
Alternatives); European Project on Ocean Acidification (EPOCA); European
Community [211384]; EU [264879]; French CNRS (Centre National de la
Recherche Scientifique); ANR [ANR-08-JCJC-0777-01]; CNRS through
LEFE/INSU program [CO2SUD]
FX C.O. Dufour was supported by the French CEA (Commissariat a l'Energie
Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives). Funding for this study came from
the European Project on Ocean Acidification (EPOCA) funded by the
European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under
grant agreement 211384, as well as by the EU FP7 project CarboChange
(grant agreement 264879). J. Le Sommer and B. Barnier were supported by
the French CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique). This
work benefited from funding of the ANR (through contract
ANR-08-JCJC-0777-01) and from CNRS through LEFE/INSU program (project
CO2SUD). This work was granted access to the HPC resources of
[CCRT/TGCC/CINES/IDRIS] under the allocation 2011-016035 made by GENCI
(Grand Equipement National de Calcul Intensif). Simulations were carried
out at the CINES super computer facility in Montpellier, France. We
thank C. Ethe, L. Bopp, and O. Aumont for providing initialization
fields and for discussions about model setup, analysis, and results. We
also thank L. Merlivat for her advice on the mixed-layer term balance
analysis.
NR 60
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Z9 16
U1 1
U2 12
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0886-6236
EI 1944-9224
J9 GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEM CY
JI Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 27
IS 3
BP 950
EP 961
DI 10.1002/gbc.20090
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 232JA
UT WOS:000325488600030
ER
PT J
AU Granger, J
Prokopenko, MG
Mordy, CW
Sigman, DM
AF Granger, Julie
Prokopenko, Maria G.
Mordy, Calvin W.
Sigman, Daniel M.
TI The proportion of remineralized nitrate on the ice-covered eastern
Bering Sea shelf evidenced from the oxygen isotope ratio of nitrate
SO GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
LA English
DT Article
DE nitrate isotopes; Bering Sea shelf; remineralization; benthic;
denitrification; sea ice
ID DENITRIFIER METHOD; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; PRIBILOF ISLANDS; CHUKCHI SHELF;
MIDDLE SHELF; FRESH-WATER; NITROGEN; NITRITE; FRACTIONATION; VARIABILITY
AB We present measurements of nitrate and its natural abundance oxygen isotope composition (O-18/O-16) in the water column of the broad and shallow eastern Bering Sea shelf in the late winter and early spring of 2007 and 2008. In both years, nitrate concentrations showed a characteristic decrease, from 25 mu M at the slope to 5 mu M inshore. The O-18/O-16 ratio of nitrate (O-18(NO3) versus SMOW) also decreased from 3.2 at the slope to 1.5 inshore in 2007 and to as low as -1 inshore in 2008, indicating that nitrate inshore was nitrified at least once since having been entrained as nitrate from the slope. The shoreward decrease was less pronounced in 2007 due to O-18 enrichment of nitrate from incident phytoplankton assimilation in the ice-covered water column, whereas little to no algal growth in the water column was evident in 2008. By comparing the O-18 of nitrate to that of ambient water in spring 2008, we estimate the fraction of nitrate that was remineralized in situ rather than recently advected from the slope. These estimates indicate that 20%-100% of the nitrate in winter water of the middle and inner shelves derives from regeneration directly on the shelf rather than from the seasonal entrainment of slope waters, with recycling being the dominant mode of seasonal nitrate recharge from the 70m isobath shoreward. These observations indicate substantial nutrient recycling on the shallow shelf, which has direct implications for the extent of fixed N loss to benthic denitrification and the fertility of the eastern shelf.
C1 [Granger, Julie] Univ Connecticut, Dept Marine Sci, Groton, CT 06340 USA.
[Prokopenko, Maria G.] Pomona Coll, Dept Geol, Claremont, CA 91711 USA.
[Mordy, Calvin W.] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Mordy, Calvin W.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA USA.
[Sigman, Daniel M.] Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Granger, J (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Marine Sci, Groton, CT 06340 USA.
EM julie.granger@uconn.edu
RI Sigman, Daniel/A-2649-2008
OI Sigman, Daniel/0000-0002-7923-1973
FU NSF [ARC-0732771, ARC-0732428, OCE-0447570, OPP-0453680]; NSF's Office
of Polar Programs as part of the Bering Ecosystem Study (BEST) program
[OPP-0612198, OPP-0732430, OPP-1107250]; MacArthur Foundation; Joint
Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) under NOAA
[NA17RJ1232, NA10OAR4320148]
FX We thank the captain and crew of USCG Healy and chief scientists R.
Sambrotto, C. Ashjian, and E. Lessard and Peter Proctor for nutrient
analysis on some samples. Water column delta18O values were
provided by K. Aagaard, S. Danielson, and T. Weingartner through support
from NSF grants ARC-0732771 and ARC-0732428. These samples were
processed by J. McKay at the OSU/COEAS Stable Isotope Laboratory.
Comments by two anonymous reviewers helped improve the manuscript. This
research was funded by NSF's Office of Polar Programs as part of the
Bering Ecosystem Study (BEST) program (grants OPP-0612198 to D.M.S and
OPP-0732430 and OPP-1107250 to C.W.M), with additional support from NSF
grants OCE-0447570 and OPP-0453680 (D.M.S) and the MacArthur Foundation.
This publication was partially funded by the Joint Institute for the
Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) under NOAA Cooperative
Agreements NA17RJ1232 and NA10OAR4320148, and is contribution
EcoFOCI-0801 to NOAA's Ecosystems and Fisheries-Oceanography Coordinated
Investigations, contribution 2155 to JISAO, and contribution 4045 to
NOAA's Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory. This is BEST-BSIERP
publication number 112.
NR 63
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 18
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0886-6236
EI 1944-9224
J9 GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEM CY
JI Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 27
IS 3
BP 962
EP 971
DI 10.1002/gbc.20075
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 232JA
UT WOS:000325488600031
ER
PT J
AU Chen, W
Ray, J
Li, JC
Huang, CL
Shen, WB
AF Chen, Wei
Ray, Jim
Li, JianCheng
Huang, ChengLi
Shen, WenBin
TI Polar motion excitations for an Earth model with frequency-dependent
responses: 1. A refined theory with insight into the Earth's rheology
and core-mantle coupling
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
DE Earth rotation theory; frequency-dependent response; mantle
anelasticity; quasi-fluid rheology; ocean pole tides; Chandler wobble
ID CHANDLER-WOBBLE; OCEAN TIDES; ANGULAR-MOMENTUM; FORCED NUTATIONS;
ROTATION; PERIOD; DEFORMATION; ORIENTATION; ATMOSPHERE; RESONANCE
AB This study aims to improve the polar motion theory by developing refined frequency-dependent transfer functions with the most current models for ocean tides, the Earth's rheology, and core-mantle coupling. First, we present a power law for mantle anelasticity constrained by the Chandler period T-CW and quality factor Q(CW) and an empirical quasi-fluid rheology model with a linear dependence on frequency, which is suitable for a period as long as similar to 18.6 years. Then we adopt the diurnal ocean tides from the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service Conventions (2010), the long-period ocean model of Dickman and Gross (2010), and the equilibrium ocean pole tide model of Desai (2002) to calculate the oceanic corrections to the Love numbers. Further, we present discussions on the geophysical and observational aspects of the Chandler period TCW and quality factor Q(CW), and provide preferred values and intervals for T-CW and Q(CW), which allow us to place some constraints on the mantle anelasticity and core-mantle coupling ratio (CW). Although (CW) is affected by uncertainties in T-CW and Q(CW), we find its real part should be around 2%-3% while its imaginary part might be only a few thousandths. Finally, the frequency-dependent polar motion transfer functions T-L and T-NL are determined based on the models of frequency-dependent Love numbers and core-mantle coupling discussed above. Our transfer functions are related to the values of T-CW and Q(CW), however, our analyses demonstrate that our transfer functions are rather stable and not sensitive to perturbations in T-CW and Q(CW).
C1 [Chen, Wei; Li, JianCheng; Shen, WenBin] Wuhan Univ, Sch Geodesy & Geomat, Key Lab Geospace Environm & Geodesy, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
[Chen, Wei] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geodesy & Geophys, State Key Lab Geodesy & Earths Dynam, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
[Ray, Jim] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Huang, ChengLi] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Astron Observ, Shanghai, Peoples R China.
RP Chen, W (reprint author), Wuhan Univ, Sch Geodesy & Geomat, Key Lab Geospace Environm & Geodesy, Luoyu Rd 129, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
EM wchen@sgg.whu.edu.cn
RI Huang, Chengli/B-1389-2009; he, shuyi/K-2082-2014;
OI Chen, Wei/0000-0003-0260-1128
FU National 973 Project of China [2013CB733305]; National Natural Science
Foundation of China [41174011, 41128003, 11073044]; Open Fund of the
State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth's Dynamics, Institute of
Geodesy and Geophysics, CAS [SKLGED2013-2-3-E]; China Postdoctoral
Science Foundation [2013M542060]; Open Fund of Key Laboratory of
Geospace Environment and Geodesy, Ministry of Education, China
[12-02-02]; Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, CAS
FX We thank Richard Gross for criticism on an earlier version of this
manuscript and for suggesting testing the robustness of our theory with
respect to perturbations in the Chandler wobble parameters. Steve
Dickman and an anonymous reviewer are highly appreciated for their
insightful comments and suggestions, which significantly improved the
presentation of this manuscript. W. Chen also thanks the Shanghai
Astronomical Observatory, CAS for providing the chance and funds for a
visit, during which part of this study was done. This study is supported
in parts by the National 973 Project of China (2013CB733305), the
National Natural Science Foundation of China (41174011, 41128003, and
11073044), the Open Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and
Earth's Dynamics, Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, CAS
(SKLGED2013-2-3-E), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation
(2013M542060), and the Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Geospace
Environment and Geodesy, Ministry of Education, China (12-02-02).
NR 64
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 16
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 9
BP 4975
EP 4994
DI 10.1002/jgrb.50314
PG 20
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 233FP
UT WOS:000325553000020
ER
PT J
AU Chen, W
Ray, J
Shen, WB
Huang, CL
AF Chen, Wei
Ray, Jim
Shen, WenBin
Huang, ChengLi
TI Polar motion excitations for an Earth model with frequency-dependent
responses: 2. Numerical tests of the meteorological excitations
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
DE polar motion; frequency-dependent response; geodetic excitation;
meteorological excitations
ID ATMOSPHERIC ANGULAR-MOMENTUM; ORIENTATION PARAMETERS; WOBBLE; EQUATIONS;
ROTATION; OCEANS; LENGTH; SERIES
AB Polar motion excitation involves mass redistributions and motions of the Earth system relative to the mantle, as well as the frequency-dependent rheology of the Earth, where the latter has recently been modeled in the form of frequency-dependent Love numbers and polar motion transfer functions. At seasonal and intraseasonal time scales, polar motions are dominated by angular momentum fluctuations due to mass redistributions and relative motions in the atmosphere, oceans, and continental water, snow, and ice. In this study, we compare the geophysical excitations derived from various global atmospheric, oceanic, and hydrological models (NCEP, ECCO, ERA40, ERAinterim, and ECMWF operational products), and construct two model sets LDC1 and LDC2 by combining the above models with a least difference method. Comparisons between the geodetic excitation (derived from the polar motion series IERS EOP 08 C04) and the geophysical excitations (based on those meteorological models) imply that the atmospheric models are the most reliable while the hydrological ones are the most inaccurate; that the ERAinterim is, in general, the best model set among the original ones, but the combined models LDC1 and LDC2 are much better than ERAinterim; and that applying the frequency-dependent transfer functions to LDC1 and LDC2 improves their agreements with the geodetic excitation. Thus, we conclude that the combined models LDC1 and LDC2 are reliable, and the frequency-dependent Love numbers and polar motion transfer functions are well modeled.
C1 [Chen, Wei; Shen, WenBin] Wuhan Univ, Sch Geodesy & Geomat, Key Lab Geospace Environm & Geodesy, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
[Chen, Wei] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geodesy & Geophys, State Key Lab Geodesy & Earths Dynam, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
[Ray, Jim] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Huang, ChengLi] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Astron Observ, Shanghai, Peoples R China.
RP Chen, W (reprint author), Wuhan Univ, Sch Geodesy & Geomat, Key Lab Geospace Environm & Geodesy, Luoyu Rd 129, Wuhan 430079, Hubei, Peoples R China.
EM wchen@sgg.whu.edu.cn
RI Huang, Chengli/B-1389-2009; he, shuyi/K-2082-2014;
OI Chen, Wei/0000-0003-0260-1128
FU Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Science; National
973 Project, China [2013CB733305]; National Natural Science Foundation,
China [41174011, 41128003, 11073044]; Open Fund of the State Key
Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth's Dynamics, Institute of Geodesy and
Geophysics, CAS [SKLGED2013-2-3-E]; China Postdoctoral Science
Foundation [2013M542060]; Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Geospace
Environment and Geodesy, Ministry of Education, China [12-02-02]
FX W. Chen has consulted Richard Gross and Henryk Dobslaw on how the
IB/non-IB assumption is handled for the ECCO/JPL and OMCT/ECMWF models,
respectively, and Aleksander Brzezinski on the consistencies among and
reliabilities of various geophysical fluid models. Two anonymous
reviewers are highly appreciated for their valuable comments and
suggestions, which significantly improved the presentation of this
manuscript. W. Chen also thanks the Shanghai Astronomical Observatory,
Chinese Academy of Science for providing the chance and funds for a
visit, during which part of this study was done. This study is supported
in parts by the National 973 Project, China (2013CB733305), the National
Natural Science Foundation, China (41174011, 41128003, and 11073044),
the Open Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth's
Dynamics, Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, CAS (SKLGED2013-2-3-E),
the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2013M542060), and the Open
Fund of Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment and Geodesy, Ministry of
Education, China (12-02-02).
NR 40
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 12
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 9
BP 4995
EP 5007
DI 10.1002/jgrb.50313
PG 13
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 233FP
UT WOS:000325553000021
ER
PT J
AU Dubyagin, S
Ganushkina, N
Apatenkov, S
Kubyshkina, M
Ohtani, SI
Singer, H
Liemohn, M
AF Dubyagin, S.
Ganushkina, N.
Apatenkov, S.
Kubyshkina, M.
Ohtani, S-I
Singer, H.
Liemohn, M.
TI Storm time duskside equatorial current and its closure path
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE geomagnetic storm; partial ring current; field-aligned currents
ID FIELD-ALIGNED CURRENTS; SCALE BIRKELAND CURRENTS; PARTIAL RING CURRENT;
MAGNETIC-FIELD; INNER MAGNETOSPHERE; GEOMAGNETIC STORMS; DEPENDENCE;
LATITUDES; SATELLITE; PHASE
AB We study the closure path of the equatorial current which flows on the duskside in the inner magnetosphere during the moderate two-dip storm on 22July2009. This work was motivated by the result obtained in Tsyganenko and Sitnov (2007) that the prominent part of the duskside equatorial current might close through the dayside magnetopause during magnetic storms. Assuming the electric current conservation, we compared the value of the total downward region2 current with the intensity of the equatorial current on the duskside to infer what part of the latter closes through the ionosphere. The estimates of the intensity of the equatorial current were based on the THEMIS and GOES magnetic field measurements in the vicinity of geosynchronous orbit. It was found that the duskside equatorial current intensifies simultaneously with Sym-H decrease. However, unlike the conventional partial ring current, it occupies the region of the highly stretched magnetic configuration (magnetic field inclination approximate to 24 degrees at r=5.4R(E)). At the same time, the magnetic field measurements onboard three DMSP satellites showed that the local time distribution of the storm time region2 currents preserves the pattern typical for more quiet periods with upward (downward) current in the prenoon (afternoon) sector. The peak intensities of the downward region2 current were recorded within 1h from the Sym-H minima in the vicinity of the dusk meridian. The peak values of the total downward region2 current were found to be within 5-5.8mA, while the intensity of the equatorial current at R approximate to 5.4-6.6R(E) was found to be 0.8-1.7mA per 1R(E). Keeping a current continuity, the radial extent of the partial ring current is estimated as 3.4-6R(E). This indicates that most of the duskside current was diverted to the ionosphere during the main phase of this storm.
C1 [Dubyagin, S.; Ganushkina, N.] Finnish Meteorol Inst, FI-00101 Helsinki, Finland.
[Ganushkina, N.; Liemohn, M.] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Apatenkov, S.; Kubyshkina, M.] St Petersburg State Univ, Earth Phys Dept, St Petersburg 199034, Russia.
[Ohtani, S-I] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD USA.
[Singer, H.] Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Dubyagin, S (reprint author), Finnish Meteorol Inst, Erik Palmenin Aukio 1, FI-00101 Helsinki, Finland.
EM stepan.dubyagin@fmi.fi
RI Ganushkina, Natalia/K-6314-2013; Liemohn, Michael/H-8703-2012;
Kubyshkina, Marina/G-9436-2013; Apatenkov, Sergey/J-4899-2013; Ohtani,
Shinichi/E-3914-2016;
OI Liemohn, Michael/0000-0002-7039-2631; Kubyshkina,
Marina/0000-0001-5897-9547; Ohtani, Shinichi/0000-0002-9565-6840;
Apatenkov, Sergey/0000-0001-8959-3479
FU Academy of Finland; International Space Science Institute in Bern,
Switzerland, for their support of an international team on "Resolving
Current Systems in Geospace"; NASA; NSF; German Ministry for Economy and
Technology and the German Center for Aviation and Space (DLR) [50OC0302]
FX Work by S.D. was supported by the Academy of Finland. The authors thank
the International Space Science Institute in Bern, Switzerland, for
their support of an international team on "Resolving Current Systems in
Geospace." Work by N.G. was partly supported by NASA, NSF, and Academy
of Finland. Work by M.L. was supported by various NASA and NSF grants.
Magnetospheric indices and solar wind parameters were obtained from the
OMNI database provided by J.H. King, N. Papitashvilli at AdnetSystems,
NASA GSFC. DMSP magnetometer data were provided by G. Wilson and the Air
Force Research Laboratory, and we thank S. Wing for making it available
for this study. GOES data were obtained via the CDAWeb. Thanks to K.
H.Glassmeier, U. Auster, and W. Baumjohann for the use of FGM data
provided under the lead of the Technical University of Braunschweig and
with financial support through the German Ministry for Economy and
Technology and the German Center for Aviation and Space (DLR) under
contract 50OC0302.
NR 45
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
EI 2169-9402
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 9
BP 5616
EP 5625
DI 10.1002/jgra.50512
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 232HN
UT WOS:000325483800020
ER
PT J
AU Manoj, C
Maus, S
Alken, P
AF Manoj, C.
Maus, S.
Alken, P.
TI Long-period prompt-penetration electric fields derived from CHAMP
satellite magnetic measurements
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE ionosphere; magnetosphere; electric field; prompt penetration; CHAMP
ID EQUATORIAL ELECTROJET; LATITUDE IONOSPHERE; POWER SPECTRA; SOLAR-WIND;
DRIFT; RESOLUTION; COHERENCE; RADAR
AB The prompt penetration of the interplanetary electric field to the equatorial ionosphere is conveniently modeled with a frequency-dependent transfer function. However, long-period responses (>3h) of previously estimated transfer functions differ considerably due to insufficient ionospheric eastward electric field (EEF) data useful for spectral analysis. The EEF derived from the Challenging Minisatellite Payload (CHAMP) satellite provides a new opportunity to reliably estimate the long-period transfer function for the first time. Our objectives in this paper are twofold: first, we analyze the frequency spectra of the equatorial ionospheric eastward electric field for periods greater than 6h; second, we test the hypothesis that the average prompt-penetration effect lasts less than 3h after an initial perturbation in the interplanetary electric field (IEF). We find that atmospheric sources dominate the EEF at diurnal frequencies, and its subharmonics and magnetospheric sources dominate the EEF for other frequencies. The CHAMP-derived transfer function has smaller errors than the previous estimates, and we confirm that the average prompt-penetration response of the equatorial ionospheric electric field to a 1mV/m change in the IEF is negligible after 3h and up to the maximum analysis period of 32h. We update our transfer function model with the new data sets and make the filter coefficients available to the scientific community. The transfer function prediction matched reasonably well with the EEF observation in both the South American and Indian sectors. A transfer function model of the prompt-penetration effects, driven by the interplanetary electric field, can be highly beneficial to the real-time specification of the ionosphere.
C1 [Manoj, C.; Maus, S.; Alken, P.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Manoj, C.; Maus, S.; Alken, P.] NOAA, NGDC, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Manoj, C (reprint author), Univ Colorado, CIRES, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM manoj.c.nair@noaa.gov
FU NSF through Cornell University [ATM-0432565]; Federal Ministry of
Education and Research (BMBF)
FX We acknowledge the OMNIWEB service by NASA for access to the solar wind
measurements data. The Jicamarca Radio Observatory is a facility of the
Instituto Geofisico del Peru operated with support from the NSF
Cooperative Agreement ATM-0432565 through Cornell University. The Indian
geomagnetic observatories ABG and TIR are operated by the Indian
Institute of Geomagnetism. The operational support of the CHAMP mission
by the German Aerospace Center (DLR) and the financial support for the
data processing by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
are gratefully acknowledged. Comments by Janet Machol of NOAA improved
the manuscript.
NR 34
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
EI 2169-9402
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 9
BP 5919
EP 5930
DI 10.1002/jgra.50511
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 232HN
UT WOS:000325483800046
ER
PT J
AU Intravaia, F
Koev, S
Jung, IW
Talin, AA
Davids, PS
Decca, RS
Aksyuk, VA
Dalvit, DAR
Lopez, D
AF Intravaia, Francesco
Koev, Stephan
Jung, Il Woong
Talin, A. Alec
Davids, Paul S.
Decca, Ricardo S.
Aksyuk, Vladimir A.
Dalvit, Diego A. R.
Lopez, Daniel
TI Strong Casimir force reduction through metallic surface nanostructuring
SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID MU-M; RANGE; SOLIDS
AB The Casimir force between bodies in vacuum can be understood as arising from their interaction with an infinite number of fluctuating electromagnetic quantum vacuum modes, resulting in a complex dependence on the shape and material of the interacting objects. Becoming dominant at small separations, the force has a significant role in nanomechanics and object manipulation at the nanoscale, leading to a considerable interest in identifying structures where the Casimir interaction behaves significantly different from the well-known attractive force between parallel plates. Here we experimentally demonstrate that by nanostructuring one of the interacting metal surfaces at scales below the plasma wavelength, an unexpected regime in the Casimir force can be observed. Replacing a flat surface with a deep metallic lamellar grating with sub-100 nm features strongly suppresses the Casimir force and for large inter-surfaces separations reduces it beyond what would be expected by any existing theoretical prediction.
C1 [Intravaia, Francesco; Dalvit, Diego A. R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Koev, Stephan; Talin, A. Alec; Aksyuk, Vladimir A.] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Koev, Stephan] Univ Maryland, Maryland Nanoctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Jung, Il Woong; Lopez, Daniel] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Davids, Paul S.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Decca, Ricardo S.] Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA.
RP Lopez, D (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM dlopez@anl.gov
RI Intravaia, Francesco/E-6500-2010;
OI Intravaia, Francesco/0000-0001-7993-4698; Aksyuk,
Vladimir/0000-0002-9653-4722
FU DARPA/MTO Casimir Effect Enhancement program under DOE/NNSA
[DE-AC52-06NA25396, DOE-DARPA MIPR 09-Y557]; IUPUI Nanoscale Imaging
Center, Integrated Nanosystems Development Institute, Indiana University
Collaborative Research Grants; Indiana University Center for Space
Symmetries; Center for Nanoscale Materials, a US Department of Energy,
Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences User Facility
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX We are grateful to R. Behunin, H.B. Chan, J.-J. Greffet, R. Guerout, S.
Johnson, S. de Man, P. Milonni, J. Pendry, F. da Rosa and T. Kenny for
discussions. The full description of the procedures used in this paper
requires the identification of certain commercial products and their
suppliers. The inclusion of such information should in no way be
construed as indicating that such products or suppliers are endorsed by
NIST or are recommended by NIST or that they are necessarily the best
materials, instruments, software or suppliers for the purposes
described. This work was partially supported by the DARPA/MTO Casimir
Effect Enhancement program under DOE/NNSA Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396
and DOE-DARPA MIPR 09-Y557. R.S.D. acknowledges support from the IUPUI
Nanoscale Imaging Center, Integrated Nanosystems Development Institute,
Indiana University Collaborative Research Grants and the Indiana
University Center for Space Symmetries. This work was performed, in
part, at the Center for Nanoscale Materials, a US Department of Energy,
Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences User Facility under
Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 38
TC 38
Z9 38
U1 2
U2 31
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2041-1723
J9 NAT COMMUN
JI Nat. Commun.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 4
AR 2515
DI 10.1038/ncomms3515
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 233AE
UT WOS:000325535500001
PM 24071657
ER
PT J
AU Lee, H
Suh, MG
Chen, T
Li, J
Diddams, SA
Vahala, KJ
AF Lee, Hansuek
Suh, Myoung-Gyun
Chen, Tong
Li, Jiang
Diddams, Scott A.
Vahala, Kerry J.
TI Spiral resonators for on-chip laser frequency stabilization
SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID GALLERY-MODE-RESONATOR; SILICON CHIP; DELAY-LINE; CAVITY; TEMPERATURE;
MICRORESONATOR; SPECTROSCOPY; GENERATION; REFERENCES; HG-199(+)
AB Frequency references are indispensable to radio, microwave and time keeping systems, with far reaching applications in navigation, communication, remote sensing and basic science. Over the past decade, there has been an optical revolution in time keeping and microwave generation that promises to ultimately impact all of these areas. Indeed, the most precise clocks and lowest noise microwave signals are now based on a laser with short-term stability derived from a reference cavity. In spite of the tremendous progress, these systems remain essentially laboratory devices and there is interest in their miniaturization, even towards on-chip systems. Here we describe a chip-based optical reference cavity that uses spatial averaging of thermorefractive noise to enhance resonator stability. Stabilized fibre lasers exhibit relative Allan deviation of 3.9 x 10(-13) at 400 mu s averaging time and an effective linewidth <100 Hz by achieving over 26 dB of phase-noise reduction.
C1 [Lee, Hansuek; Suh, Myoung-Gyun; Chen, Tong; Li, Jiang; Vahala, Kerry J.] CALTECH, TJ Watson Lab Appl Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Lee, Hansuek] hQphotonics, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA.
[Diddams, Scott A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Time & Frequency, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Vahala, KJ (reprint author), CALTECH, TJ Watson Lab Appl Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM vahala@caltech.edu
RI Li, Jiang/O-5235-2014; Lee, Hansuek/G-2007-2015;
OI Lee, Hansuek/0000-0002-0748-7662; Suh, Myoung-Gyun/0000-0002-9527-0585
FU Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; Defence Advanced Research Projects
Agency [SB121-001]; iPhoD program; QuASAR program; Kavli Nanoscience
Institute; Institute for Quantum Information and Matter; NSF Physics
Frontiers Centre
FX We thank Andrew Ludlow and Scott Papp (NIST, Boulder CO) for helpful
discussions and comments on this manuscript. We gratefully acknowledge
the Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency under SB121-001, the iPhoD
program, and also the QuASAR program, the Kavli Nanoscience Institute
and the Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, an NSF Physics
Frontiers Centre with support of the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation.
The views expressed are those of the authors and do not reflect the
official policy or position of the Department of Defence or the US
Government. Distribution A-approved for public release; distribution is
unlimited.
NR 47
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 40
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2041-1723
J9 NAT COMMUN
JI Nat. Commun.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 4
AR 2468
DI 10.1038/ncomms3468
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 232ZO
UT WOS:000325533900015
PM 24043134
ER
PT J
AU Bartz, JA
Zeissler, CJ
Fomenko, VV
Akselrod, MS
AF Bartz, J. A.
Zeissler, C. J.
Fomenko, V. V.
Akselrod, M. S.
TI An imaging spectrometer based on high resolution microscopy of
fluorescent aluminum oxide crystal detectors
SO RADIATION MEASUREMENTS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 8th International Conference on Luminescence Detectors and Transformers
of Ionizing Radiation (LUMDETR)
CY SEP 10-14, 2012
CL Martin Luther Univ Halle Wittenberg, Halle, GERMANY
SP Ctr Innovat Competence SiLi Nano
HO Martin Luther Univ Halle Wittenberg
DE Hot particles; alpha-Particle spectroscopy; Radionuclide analysis;
Luminescence; Fluorescent nuclear track detectors
ID TRACK DETECTOR; DOSIMETRY; AUTORADIOGRAPHY; IDENTIFICATION; PARTICLES
AB Fluorescent Nuclear Track Detector (FNTD) technology was tested as an imaging, spectroscopic tool for radionuclide analysis. This investigation intended to distinguish between characteristic alpha-particles of Pu-239 (5.2 MeV), U-234 (4.8 MeV) and U-238 (4.2 MeV). FNTDs are Al2O3:C,Mg single crystals with color centers that undergo radiochromic transformation. FNTD readout is non-destructive and is performed with fluorescence laser scanning confocal microscopy. Ionization events register in the detector as bright fluorescent features on a weak fluorescent background. Images were acquired at several incrementing depths in the detector to produce 3D datasets. Spectroscopic information was obtained by measuring alpha-particle range in the detector after 3D image reconstruction. The resolution of this technique is fundamentally limited by particle range straggling (about 3.8% (k = 1) at these alpha-particle energies). The spectroscopic line-width as full width at half maximum (FWHM) was determined to be 0.4 MeV enabling discrimination between the isotopes of interest. (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bartz, J. A.; Fomenko, V. V.; Akselrod, M. S.] Landauer Inc, Stillwater Crystal Growth Div, Stillwater, OK 74074 USA.
[Bartz, J. A.; Akselrod, M. S.] Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74074 USA.
[Zeissler, C. J.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Akselrod, MS (reprint author), Landauer Inc, Stillwater Crystal Growth Div, 723 1-2 Eastgate, Stillwater, OK 74074 USA.
EM makselrod@landauerinc.com
NR 18
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 6
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1350-4487
J9 RADIAT MEAS
JI Radiat. Meas.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 56
SI SI
BP 273
EP 276
DI 10.1016/j.radmeas.2013.01.041
PG 4
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 234VC
UT WOS:000325671400062
ER
PT J
AU Polley, HW
Briske, DD
Morgan, JA
Wolter, K
Bailey, DW
Brown, JR
AF Polley, H. Wayne
Briske, David D.
Morgan, Jack A.
Wolter, Klaus
Bailey, Derek W.
Brown, Joel R.
TI Climate Change and North American Rangelands: Trends, Projections, and
Implications
SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE atmospheric CO2; atmospheric warming; climate variability; greenhouse
gases; livestock production; precipitation patterns
ID ELEVATED ATMOSPHERIC CO2; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE ECOSYSTEM; ALTERS SPECIES
COMPOSITION; CARBON-DIOXIDE ENRICHMENT; CENTRAL GRASSLAND REGION;
CHANGE-TYPE DROUGHT; SHORTGRASS STEPPE; GLOBAL-CHANGE; SEMIARID
GRASSLAND; BIOMASS PRODUCTION
AB The amplified "greenhouse effect" associated with increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases has increased atmospheric temperature by 1 degrees C since industrialization (around 1750), and it is anticipated to cause an additional 2 degrees C increase by midcentury. Increased biospheric warming is also projected to modify the amount and distribution of annual precipitation and increase the occurrence of both drought and heat waves. The ecological consequences of climate change will vary substantially among ecoregions because of regional differences in antecedent environmental conditions; the rate and magnitude of change in the primary climate change drivers, including elevated carbon dioxide (CO2), warming and precipitation modification; and nonadditive effects among climate drivers. Elevated atmospheric CO2 will directly stimulate plant growth and reduce negative effects of drying in a warmer climate by increasing plant water use efficiency; however, the CO2 effect is mediated by environmental conditions, especially soil water availability. Warming and drying are anticipated to reduce soil water availability, net primary productivity, and other ecosystem processes in the southern Great Plains, the Southwest, and northern Mexico, but warmer and generally wetter conditions will likely enhance these processes in the northern Plains and southern Canada. The Northwest will warm considerably, but annual precipitation is projected to change little despite a large decrease in summer precipitation. Reduced winter snowpack and earlier snowmelt will affect hydrology and riparian systems in the Northwest. Specific consequences of climate change will be numerous and varied and include modifications to forage quantity and quality and livestock production systems, soil C content, fire regimes, livestock metabolism, and plant community composition and species distributions, including range contraction and expansion of invasive species. Recent trends and model projections indicate continued directional change and increasing variability in climate that will substantially affect the provision of ecosystem services on North American rangelands.
C1 [Polley, H. Wayne] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA.
[Briske, David D.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Morgan, Jack A.] USDA ARS, Crops Res Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Wolter, Klaus] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Bailey, Derek W.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Anim & Range Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
[Brown, Joel R.] New Mexico State Univ, USDA NRCS Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
RP Polley, HW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, 808 E Blackland Rd, Temple, TX 76502 USA.
EM wayne.polley@ars.usda.gov
RI Wolter, Klaus/D-5988-2015
NR 210
TC 35
Z9 37
U1 19
U2 184
PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT
PI LAKEWOOD
PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA
SN 1550-7424
EI 1551-5028
J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG
JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 66
IS 5
BP 493
EP 511
DI 10.2111/REM-D-12-00068.1
PG 19
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 229BU
UT WOS:000325237600001
ER
PT J
AU Brown, RC
Olmschenk, S
Wu, SJ
Dyckovsky, AM
Wyllie, R
Porto, JV
AF Brown, Roger C.
Olmschenk, S.
Wu, Saijun
Dyckovsky, A. M.
Wyllie, R.
Porto, J. V.
TI Note: Pneumatically actuated and kinematically positioned optical mounts
compatible with laser-cooling experiments
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID ATOMS
AB We present two complementary designs of pneumatically actuated and kinematically positioned optics mounts: one designed for vertical mounting and translation, the other designed for horizontal mounting and translation. The design and measured stability make these mounts well-suited to experiments with laser-cooled atoms. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Brown, Roger C.; Olmschenk, S.; Wu, Saijun; Dyckovsky, A. M.; Wyllie, R.; Porto, J. V.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Brown, Roger C.; Olmschenk, S.; Wu, Saijun; Dyckovsky, A. M.; Wyllie, R.; Porto, J. V.] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Olmschenk, S.] Denison Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Granville, OH 43023 USA.
[Wu, Saijun] Swansea Univ, Coll Sci, Dept Phys, Swansea SA2 8PP, W Glam, Wales.
[Dyckovsky, A. M.] Loudoun Cty Publ Sch Acad Sci, Sterling, VA 20164 USA.
RP Brown, RC (reprint author), NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RI Olmschenk, Steven/D-4960-2011; Brown, Roger/A-9630-2009
OI Olmschenk, Steven/0000-0003-0105-7714; Brown, Roger/0000-0002-8228-4283
FU ARO Atomtronics MURI
FX We thank Karl D. Nelson, Martin Zelan, Aaron Young, Silvio Koller, and
David Norris for discussions and technical contributions. We thank L. J.
LeBlanc and S. Sugawa for critically reading the paper. We acknowledge
financial support from the ARO Atomtronics MURI.
NR 12
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 9
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
EI 1089-7623
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 84
IS 9
AR 096101
DI 10.1063/1.4819744
PG 3
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 231FX
UT WOS:000325402000068
PM 24089876
ER
PT J
AU White, CC
Hunston, DL
Tan, KT
Hettenhouser, J
Garver, JD
AF White, C. C.
Hunston, D. L.
Tan, K. T.
Hettenhouser, J.
Garver, J. D.
TI An accelerated exposure and testing apparatus for building joint
sealants
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID COMPRESSION
AB The design, fabrication, and implementation of a computer-controlled exposure and testing apparatus for building joint sealants are described in this paper. This apparatus is unique in its ability to independently control and monitor temperature, relative humidity, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, and mechanical deformation. Each of these environmental factors can be controlled precisely over a wide range of conditions during periods of a month or more. Moreover, as controlled mechanical deformations can be generated, in situ mechanical characterization tests can be performed without removing specimens from the chamber. Temperature and humidity were controlled during our experiments via a precision temperature regulator and proportional mixing of dry and moisture-saturated air; while highly uniform UV radiation was attained by attaching the chamber to an integrating sphere-based radiation source. A computer-controlled stepper motor and a transmission system were used to provide precise movement control. The reliability and effectiveness of the apparatus were demonstrated on a model sealant material. The results clearly show that this apparatus provides an excellent platform to study the long-term durability of building joint sealants.
C1 [White, C. C.; Hunston, D. L.; Tan, K. T.; Hettenhouser, J.; Garver, J. D.] NIST, Engn Lab, Mat & Struct Syst Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP White, CC (reprint author), NIST, Engn Lab, Mat & Struct Syst Div, 100 Bur Dr Stop 8615, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM christopher.white@nist.gov
FU industry/government consortium on Service Life Prediction of Sealant
Materials at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
FX The support from an industry/government consortium on Service Life
Prediction of Sealant Materials at the National Institute of Standards
and Technology (NIST) is greatly appreciated. The participating
companies include DAP, BASF, Dow Corning, Dow Chemical, SIKA, Tremco,
and Wacker Silicones.
NR 19
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
EI 1089-7623
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 84
IS 9
AR 095113
DI 10.1063/1.4821880
PG 10
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 231FX
UT WOS:000325402000064
PM 24089872
ER
PT J
AU Abraham, JP
Baringer, M
Bindoff, NL
Boyer, T
Cheng, LJ
Church, JA
Conroy, JL
Domingues, CM
Fasullo, JT
Gilson, J
Goni, G
Good, SA
Gorman, JM
Gouretski, V
Ishii, M
Johnson, GC
Kizu, S
Lyman, JM
Macdonald, AM
Minkowycz, WJ
Moffitt, SE
Palmer, MD
Piola, AR
Reseghetti, F
Schuckmann, K
Trenberth, KE
Velicogna, I
Willis, JK
AF Abraham, J. P.
Baringer, M.
Bindoff, N. L.
Boyer, T.
Cheng, L. J.
Church, J. A.
Conroy, J. L.
Domingues, C. M.
Fasullo, J. T.
Gilson, J.
Goni, G.
Good, S. A.
Gorman, J. M.
Gouretski, V.
Ishii, M.
Johnson, G. C.
Kizu, S.
Lyman, J. M.
Macdonald, A. M.
Minkowycz, W. J.
Moffitt, S. E.
Palmer, M. D.
Piola, A. R.
Reseghetti, F.
Schuckmann, K.
Trenberth, K. E.
Velicogna, I.
Willis, J. K.
TI A REVIEW OF GLOBAL OCEAN TEMPERATURE OBSERVATIONS: IMPLICATIONS FOR
OCEAN HEAT CONTENT ESTIMATES AND CLIMATE CHANGE
SO REVIEWS OF GEOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Review
DE global warming; ocean heat content; Argo float; thermosteric sea level
rise; expendable bathythermograph; Earth energy balance
ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; EXPENDABLE BATHYTHERMOGRAPH XBT; EARTHS ENERGY
IMBALANCE; WESTERN SOUTH-ATLANTIC; THETA-S CLIMATOLOGY; FALL-RATE;
PROFILING FLOATS; SUBSURFACE TEMPERATURE; SURFACE TEMPERATURES; CONTENT
VARIABILITY
AB The evolution of ocean temperature measurement systems is presented with a focus on the development and accuracy of two critical devices in use today (expendable bathythermographs and conductivity-temperature-depth instruments used on Argo floats). A detailed discussion of the accuracy of these devices and a projection of the future of ocean temperature measurements are provided. The accuracy of ocean temperature measurements is discussed in detail in the context of ocean heat content, Earth's energy imbalance, and thermosteric sea level rise. Up-to-date estimates are provided for these three important quantities. The total energy imbalance at the top of atmosphere is best assessed by taking an inventory of changes in energy storage. The main storage is in the ocean, the latest values of which are presented. Furthermore, despite differences in measurement methods and analysis techniques, multiple studies show that there has been a multidecadal increase in the heat content of both the upper and deep ocean regions, which reflects the impact of anthropogenic warming. With respect to sea level rise, mutually reinforcing information from tide gauges and radar altimetry shows that presently, sea level is rising at approximately 3mmyr(-1) with contributions from both thermal expansion and mass accumulation from ice melt. The latest data for thermal expansion sea level rise are included here and analyzed.
C1 [Abraham, J. P.; Gorman, J. M.] Univ St Thomas, Sch Engn, St Paul, MN 55105 USA.
[Baringer, M.; Goni, G.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Bindoff, N. L.] Univ Tasmania, IMAS, Hobart, Tas, Australia.
[Bindoff, N. L.; Church, J. A.] CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Res, Ctr Australian Weather & Climate Res, Hobart, Tas, Australia.
[Bindoff, N. L.; Domingues, C. M.] Univ Tasmania, Antarctic Climate & Ecosyst Cooperat Res Ctr, Hobart, Tas, Australia.
[Boyer, T.] NOAA, Natl Oceanog Data Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Cheng, L. J.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Conroy, J. L.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Fasullo, J. T.; Trenberth, K. E.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Gilson, J.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Good, S. A.; Palmer, M. D.] Met Off Hadley Ctr, Exeter, Devon, England.
[Gouretski, V.] Univ Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
[Ishii, M.] Meteorol Res Inst, Climate Res Dept, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan.
[Johnson, G. C.; Lyman, J. M.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Kizu, S.] Tohoku Univ, Dept Geophys, Sendai, Miyagi 980, Japan.
[Lyman, J. M.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Macdonald, A. M.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Minkowycz, W. J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Chicago, IL USA.
[Moffitt, S. E.] Bodega Bay Marine Lab, Bodega Bay, CA USA.
[Moffitt, S. E.] Univ Calif Davis, Grad Grp Ecol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Piola, A. R.] Univ Buenos Aires, Dept Oceanog, Serv Hidrografia Naval, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
[Piola, A. R.] Univ Buenos Aires, UMI IFAECI, Dept Ciencias Atmosfera & Oceanos, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
[Reseghetti, F.] ENEA Italian Natl Agcy New Technol, Energy Sustainable Econ Dev UTMAR OSS, La Spezia, Italy.
[Schuckmann, K.] IFREMER, Toulon, France.
[Velicogna, I.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA USA.
[Velicogna, I.; Willis, J. K.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
RP Abraham, JP (reprint author), Univ St Thomas, Sch Engn, 2115 Summit Ave, St Paul, MN 55105 USA.
EM jpabraham@stthomas.edu
RI Johnson, Gregory/I-6559-2012; Church, John/A-1541-2012; Piola,
Alberto/O-2280-2013; Baringer, Molly/D-2277-2012; Domingues, Catia
/A-2901-2015; Trenberth, Kevin/A-5683-2012; Bindoff,
Nathaniel/C-8050-2011; Goni, Gustavo/D-2017-2012;
OI Johnson, Gregory/0000-0002-8023-4020; Church, John/0000-0002-7037-8194;
Piola, Alberto/0000-0002-5003-8926; Baringer, Molly/0000-0002-8503-5194;
Domingues, Catia /0000-0001-5100-4595; Trenberth,
Kevin/0000-0002-1445-1000; Bindoff, Nathaniel/0000-0001-5662-9519; Goni,
Gustavo/0000-0001-7093-3170; Gorman, John/0000-0003-4046-7847
FU ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate Systems Science; MOST project
[2012CB417404]; Australian Climate Change Science Program; Australian
Antarctic and Ecosystems Research Cooperative Centre; NOAA [NA17RJ1231];
DECC/Defra Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Programme [GA01101]; Cluster
of Excellence "CLISAP", University of Hamburg [EXC177]; German Science
Foundation; NOAA Climate Program Office; NOAA Research; Inter-American
Institute for Global Change Research through the US National Science
Foundation [GEO-0452325]; NASA [NNX09AH89G]; EC FP7 project MyOcean2
FX N.L.B. acknowledges support from the ARC Centre of Excellence for
Climate Systems Science. L.J.C. was supported by the MOST project (grant
2012CB417404). J.A.C. and S. W. were funded by the Australian Climate
Change Science Program. C. M. D. was funded by the Australian Antarctic
and Ecosystems Research Cooperative Centre. J.G. was supported through
NOAA grant NA17RJ1231 (Scripps Institute of Oceanography). S. A. G. was
supported by the Joint DECC/Defra Met Office Hadley Centre Climate
Programme (GA01101). V. G. was supported through the Cluster of
Excellence "CLISAP" (EXC177), University of Hamburg, funded through the
German Science Foundation. T. B., J.M.L., and G.C.J. were supported by
the NOAA Climate Program Office and NOAA Research. A. P. was supported
by the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research through the
US National Science Foundation grant GEO-0452325. K. E. T. and J.T.F.
were sponsored by NASA under grant NNX09AH89G. F. R. was supported by EC
FP7 project MyOcean2 and operationally supported in part by NOAA/AOML.
NR 196
TC 76
Z9 79
U1 15
U2 162
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 8755-1209
EI 1944-9208
J9 REV GEOPHYS
JI Rev. Geophys.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 51
IS 3
BP 450
EP 483
DI 10.1002/rog.20022
PG 34
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 232LV
UT WOS:000325496200003
ER
PT J
AU Sebring, SH
Carper, MC
Ledgerwood, RD
Sandford, BP
Matthews, GM
Evans, AF
AF Sebring, Scott H.
Carper, Melissa C.
Ledgerwood, Richard D.
Sandford, Benjamin P.
Matthews, Gene M.
Evans, Allen F.
TI Relative Vulnerability of PIT-Tagged Subyearling Fall Chinook Salmon to
Predation by Caspian Terns and Double-Crested Cormorants in the Columbia
River Estuary
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID PASSIVE INTEGRATED TRANSPONDERS; JUVENILE SALMONIDS;
ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; AVIAN PREDATION; SEASONAL FLOODPLAIN; FORAGING
PATTERNS; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; PACIFIC COAST; SURVIVAL; OREGON
AB We quantified the percentage of PIT-tagged subyearling fall Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha that were consumed by Caspian terns Hydroprogne caspia and double-crested cormorants Phalacrocorax auritus nesting on East Sand Island in the Columbia River estuary by electronically recovering PIT tags that were deposited on the bird colonies. We released 23 groups of PIT-tagged subyearling fall Chinook Salmon from hatcheries in the lower Columbia River downstream of Bonneville Dam from 2002 to 2010. Vulnerability to avian predation was compared between PIT-tagged subyearlings of two Columbia River basin stocks: tule and upriver bright (URB). Recoveries of PIT tags revealed that overall predation rates were significantly different between the tule stock (22%) and URB stock (3%); for fish that were detected as entering the lower Columbia River during the same week, predation rates also differed between stocks (tule: 21%; URB: 2%). Minimum predation rates on tule subyearlings originating from hatcheries downstream of Bonneville Dam were among the highest documented for any salmonid species in the Columbia River basin to date, occasionally exceeding 35% of the available fish. The ratio of URB fish consumed by the two avian predators indicated that the percentages were nearly equal (cormorant [%]: tern [%] = 51:49), whereas the ratio for tule-stock fish consumed by the two avian species was not uniform (cormorant: tern = 81:19). Differences in predation rates between the tule stock and the URB stock may be attributable to migration behaviors exhibited in the estuary. We estimate that more than 8 million tule fall Chinook Salmon subyearlings released from hatcheries annually are consumed by double-crested cormorants and Caspian terns nesting on East Sand Island; ongoing management actions by multiple federal, state, and tribal governments, if successful, will decrease predation on fall Chinook Salmon stocks. Received October 9, 2012; accepted May 8, 2013
C1 [Sebring, Scott H.; Carper, Melissa C.] Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commiss, Portland, OR 97202 USA.
[Ledgerwood, Richard D.] NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fish Ecol Div, Point Adams Biol Res Stn, Hammond, OR 97121 USA.
[Sandford, Benjamin P.] NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fish Ecol Div, Pasco Res Stn, Pasco, WA 99301 USA.
[Matthews, Gene M.] NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Ecol Div, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Evans, Allen F.] Real Time Res Inc, Bend, OR 97702 USA.
RP Sebring, SH (reprint author), Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commiss, 205 Southeast Spokane St,Suite 100, Portland, OR 97202 USA.
EM scottsebring.sci@gmail.com
FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Walla Walla District
FX This research was supported with funding by the U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers (USACE) Walla Walla District. We thank our USACE
representatives: Scott Dunmire, Chris Pinney, and David Trachtenbarg. In
addition, we are grateful to the numerous support staff from NOAA
Fisheries and PSMFC as well as Ken Collis, Daniel Roby, and biologists
from Real Time Research and Oregon State University. We thank hatchery
personnel from the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, Washington
Department of Fish and Wildlife, Sea Resources, Clatsop Economic
Development Council, and Warrenton High School for allowing us to
PIT-tag their fish. We also thank April Cameron, Rory Cameron, Amy Cook,
Matthew Morris, Michael Morrow, Steve Porter, and the Warrenton High
School Fisheries Ecology students for their participation in PIT-tagging
operations. Finally, we thank Edmundo Casillas, Earl Dawley, G. Curtis
Roegner, Laurie Weitkamp, and Jeannette Zamon for providing comments
that improved the quality of this manuscript.
NR 54
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 7
U2 48
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
EI 1548-8659
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD SEP 1
PY 2013
VL 142
IS 5
BP 1321
EP 1334
DI 10.1080/00028487.2013.806952
PG 14
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 220VA
UT WOS:000324613800014
ER
PT J
AU Kinziger, AP
Hellmair, M
Hankin, DG
Garza, JC
AF Kinziger, Andrew P.
Hellmair, Michael
Hankin, David G.
Garza, John Carlos
TI Contemporary Population Structure in Klamath River Basin Chinook Salmon
Revealed by Analysis of Microsatellite Genetic Data
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; ATLANTIC SALMON; COMPUTER-PROGRAM;
LIFE-HISTORY; DIFFERENTIATION MEASURE; CENTRAL VALLEY; CALIFORNIA;
SOFTWARE; STOCKING; DISTANCE
AB Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha exhibit substantial population genetic structure at multiple scales. Although geography is generally more important than life history, particularly migration and run timing, for describing genetic structure in Chinook Salmon, there are several exceptions to this general pattern, and hatchery supplementation has altered natural genetic structure in some areas. Given that genetic structure of Chinook Salmon is often basin-specific, we assessed genetic variation of 27 microsatellite loci in geographically and temporally distinct natural populations and hatchery stocks in the Klamath River basin, California. Multiple analyses support recognition of three major genetic lineages from separate geographic regions in the Klamath River basin: the lower basin, the Klamath River, and the Trinity River. The lower basin group was sharply distinct, but populations in the Klamath and Trinity river lineages were connected by processes that can be described by a one-dimensional, linear, stepping-stone model where gene exchange occurred primarily, but not exclusively, between adjacent populations. Genetic structure by migration timing was also evident, although divergences among populations that differed by migration timing only were fewer than those observed between geographic regions. Distinct run-timing ecotypes in the Klamath River basin thus appear to have evolved independently through a process of parallel evolution. Introgressive pressure from the hatchery stocks into natural populations was attenuated by distance from the hatchery, but comparison of historical population genetic structure to contemporary patterns would be needed to fully evaluate the extent to which hatchery stocks may have altered natural genetic structure. Received December 20, 2012; accepted May 14, 2013
C1 [Kinziger, Andrew P.; Hellmair, Michael; Hankin, David G.] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Fisheries Biol, Arcata, CA 95521 USA.
[Garza, John Carlos] SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Ecol Div, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Kinziger, AP (reprint author), Humboldt State Univ, Dept Fisheries Biol, 1 Harpst St, Arcata, CA 95521 USA.
EM andrew.kinziger@humboldt.edu
FU Hoopa Valley Tribe; National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest
Fisheries Science Center
FX Funding for this project came from the Hoopa Valley Tribe and the
National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science Center.
We thank A. Antonetti, S. Borok, P. Brucker, B. Chesney, D. Hillemeier,
G. Kautsky, E. Logan, B. Matilton, N. Pennington, and A. Sprowles for
providing tissue samples used in this study, and A. Abadia-Cardoso, V.
Apkenas, D. Faulkner, E. Gilbert-Horvath, and H. Starks for assistance
with laboratory data collection. Reference to trade names does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 62
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 13
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
EI 1548-8659
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD SEP 1
PY 2013
VL 142
IS 5
BP 1347
EP 1357
DI 10.1080/00028487.2013.806351
PG 11
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 220VA
UT WOS:000324613800016
ER
PT J
AU Vizza, C
Sanderson, BL
Burrows, DG
Coe, HJ
AF Vizza, Carmella
Sanderson, Beth L.
Burrows, Douglas G.
Coe, Holly J.
TI The Effects of Ethanol Preservation on Fish Fin Stable Isotopes: Does
Variation in C:N Ratio and Body Size Matter?
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID DELTA-N-15 SIGNATURES; DELTA-C-13; TISSUE; CARBON; FRACTIONATION;
MUSCLE; FOOD; ASSUMPTIONS; EXTRACTION; STREAMS
AB Although chemical preservation of stable isotope samples has been studied in a variety of species and tissue types, the effects of ethanol preservation on fish fin tissue have not been examined. Using caudal fin samples from juvenile Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha and Rainbow Trout O. mykiss or steelhead (the anadromous form of Rainbow Trout), we investigated how storage time (2, 4, and 6 months), fin composition (C:N ratio), and fish body size (50-130mm FL) influence preservation-induced changes in C-13 and N-15. In both species, we found that treatment fins (frozen and later preserved in ethanol) exhibited higher C-13 than did paired reference fins (frozen). The changes in N-15, however, were smaller in magnitude and less consistent. Preservation-induced increases in fin C-13, but not N-15, were significantly correlated with the change in C:N ratio (treatment-reference) in both species. In addition, these increases in C-13 were more highly correlated with body size in O. mykiss than in Chinook Salmon. Storage time had a significant effect on the shift in treatment fin C-13 and a small, but insignificant, effect on N-15 in O. mykiss. However, storage time was not a significant factor for explaining the isotopic shifts observed in Chinook Salmon fin tissue. This is the first study to document variation in preservation-induced changes in C-13 within a species and to link this variation to C:N ratio. Future studies using species-specific and tissue-specific models to correct for preservation-induced shifts in stable isotope ratios should be aware that these models do not account for intraspecific variation in tissue composition.
C1 [Vizza, Carmella; Sanderson, Beth L.; Burrows, Douglas G.; Coe, Holly J.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Vizza, C (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Galvin Life Sci Ctr 292, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
EM cvizza@nd.edu
OI Vizza, Carmella/0000-0002-9269-0357
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Fisheries
FX We thank participants of the University of Washington Internship Program
and the Watershed Program at the Northwest Fisheries Science Center for
providing field support as well as Vija Pelekis for assisting in the
field and laboratory. William Reichert, Jennie Bolton, and other members
of the Environmental Assessment Program were instrumental in analyzing
the stable isotope samples. Mark Scheuerell and Jim Faulkner offered
invaluable suggestions on the statistical analyses. Dave Herman and Rich
Zabel also contributed insightful comments on the manuscript. This
project was funded by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration, Fisheries. Reference to trade names does not imply
endorsement by the National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration.
NR 25
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U1 1
U2 23
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
EI 1548-8659
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD SEP 1
PY 2013
VL 142
IS 5
BP 1469
EP 1476
DI 10.1080/00028487.2013.816366
PG 8
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 220VA
UT WOS:000324613800026
ER
PT J
AU Staymates, M
Bottiger, J
Schepers, D
Staymates, J
AF Staymates, Matthew
Bottiger, Jerold
Schepers, Deborah
Staymates, Jessica
TI A Streamlined, High-Volume Particle Impactor for Trace Chemical Analysis
SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID LOW-PRESSURE-DROP; COLLECTION EFFICIENCY; CASCADE IMPACTOR; VIRTUAL
IMPACTOR; DESIGN; FLOW; SEPARATION; EXPLOSIVES; ULTRAFINE; AEROSOLS
AB The design and characterization of a streamlined, high-volume particle impactor intended for use with trace chemical analysis is presented. The impactor has a single round jet and is designed to operate at a flow rate of 1000 L/min. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used as a tool to optimize the aerodynamic performance of the impactor by iteratively redesigning the geometry and curvature of the internal walls. By eliminating recirculation zones within the flowfield of the impactor and using flowfield streamlines as new walls, successive designs revealed a significant reduction in the pressure drop across the impactor. Particle trajectories were simulated in the impactor and the 50% cutpoint was determined to be 1.05m. The impaction surface itself is easily removed from the body of the impactor assembly, potentially facilitating rapid trace chemical analysis using a variety of chemical detection techniques. A prototype impactor was fabricated with a 3D rapid prototyping printer and characterized in terms of particle cut-off diameter using test aerosols generated by an Ink Jet Aerosol Generator (IJAG) and fluorescence intensity measurements. The experimental particle cut-off diameter was not able to be measured because the smallest aerosol particles that could be tested were 1.86m which were collected at 100% efficiency. Particulate contamination from the high-explosive compound C4 was also collected with the impactor to demonstrate operational utility for trace explosives detection. Copyright 2013 American Association for Aerosol Research
C1 [Staymates, Matthew; Staymates, Jessica] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Bottiger, Jerold; Schepers, Deborah] Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, Edgewood, MD USA.
RP Staymates, M (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM matthew.staymates@nist.gov
NR 44
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 5
U2 19
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0278-6826
J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH
JI Aerosol Sci. Technol.
PD SEP 1
PY 2013
VL 47
IS 9
BP 945
EP 954
DI 10.1080/02786826.2013.804620
PG 10
WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences;
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 222IZ
UT WOS:000324725700001
ER
PT J
AU Meyer, SA
Fortier, TM
Lecomte, S
Diddams, SA
AF Meyer, Stephanie A.
Fortier, Tara M.
Lecomte, Steve
Diddams, Scott A.
TI A frequency-stabilized Yb:KYW femtosecond laser frequency comb and its
application to low-phase-noise microwave generation
SO APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SOLID-STATE LASER; OPTICAL FREQUENCY; REPETITION RATE; NOBEL LECTURE;
FIBER-LASER; GHZ; SIGNALS; CLOCKS; OSCILLATOR; LINEWIDTHS
AB We present an optically stabilized Yb:KYW fs-laser frequency comb. We use an f-2f nonlinear interferometer to measure the carrier envelope offset frequency (f (0)) and the heterodyne beatnote between the comb and a stable CW laser at 1068 nm to detect fluctuations in the comb repetition rate (). Both of these degrees of freedom of the comb are then controlled using phase-locked loops. As a demonstration of the frequency-stabilized comb, we generate low-phase-noise 10 GHz microwaves through detection of the pulse train on a high bandwidth photodiode. The phase noise of the resulting 10 GHz microwaves was -99 dBc/Hz at 1 Hz and the corresponding Allen deviation was < 2.6 x 10(-15) at 1 s, measured by comparison to an independently stabilized Ti:sapphire frequency comb. This room-temperature, optically based source of microwaves has close-to-carrier phase noise comparable to the very best cryogenic microwave oscillators.
C1 [Meyer, Stephanie A.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Meyer, Stephanie A.; Fortier, Tara M.; Diddams, Scott A.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Lecomte, Steve] Ctr Suisse Elect & Microtech SA, Neuchatel, Switzerland.
RP Meyer, SA (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Bioengn, Denver Anschutz Med Campus, Aurora, CO 80045 USA.
EM Stephanie.Meyer@ucdenver.edu; Scott.Diddams@nist.gov
FU NIST; DARPA
FX The authors would like to thank Till Rosenband, Jim Berquist, Chris
Oates, Andrew Ludlow, Nathan Lemke, and Yanyi Jiang for providing the
stable CW laser light for these microwave measurements. We would also
like to thank Discovery Semiconductors for providing the photodiodes and
Jennifer Taylor for characterizing them. This work was supported by NIST
and DARPA and is a contribution of the US Government. It is not subject
to copyright in the USA.
NR 43
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 3
U2 24
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0946-2171
J9 APPL PHYS B-LASERS O
JI Appl. Phys. B-Lasers Opt.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 112
IS 4
BP 565
EP 570
DI 10.1007/s00340-013-5439-9
PG 6
WC Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Optics; Physics
GA 227GM
UT WOS:000325099400017
ER
PT J
AU Thedinga, JF
Johnson, SW
Neff, AD
Hoffman, CA
Maselko, JM
AF Thedinga, John F.
Johnson, Scott W.
Neff, A. Darcie
Hoffman, Chris A.
Maselko, Jacek M.
TI Nearshore Fish Assemblages of the Northeastern Chukchi Sea, Alaska
SO ARCTIC
LA English
DT Article
DE Arctic; Alaska; Chukchi Sea; nearshore; Arctic cod; capelin; beach
seine; bottom trawl
ID COD BOREOGADUS-SAIDA; CAPELIN MALLOTUS-VILLOSUS; BEAUFORT SEA; ARCTIC
COD; COASTAL WATERS; BARENTS SEA; COMMUNITY; DEMERSAL; PREDATION
AB The Arctic ecosystem is changing rapidly, yet information on nearshore fish assemblages for the northeastern Chukchi Sea is extremely limited. To address this information gap, we sampled nearshore fish assemblages with a beach seine and a small bottom trawl at six stations in the northeastern Chukchi Sea in August 2007, 2008, and 2009, and in September 2009. Catch and species composition differed by gear type and between sample periods, including the two in 2009. A total of 16 039 fish representing 18 species were captured in 24 beach seine hauls, and 3108 fish representing 24 species were captured in 48 trawl tows. Beach seine catch was dominated by capelin (83%), and trawl catch was dominated by Arctic cod (56%). Species that were good discriminators between gear types were capelin (seine) and slender eelblenny (trawl), and unidentified small sculpins were the most common taxa caught with both gear types. Capelin and Arctic cod captured by either gear type were mostly juveniles (judging by size). Variability among sampling periods in catch and species composition within gear types can likely be attributed to annual variations in environmental conditions, including differences in water temperature (range: 2 degrees-9 degrees C). The shallow nearshore environment of the northeastern Chukchi Sea provides important habitat for many fish species and is extremely vulnerable to disturbance. Loss of sea ice from global warming may open up formerly inaccessible areas to oil and gas exploration, vessel traffic, and commercial fishing. Thus, long-term monitoring of nearshore fish assemblages in the Alaskan Arctic is necessary for managers to make informed decisions in this fragile environment.
C1 [Thedinga, John F.; Johnson, Scott W.; Neff, A. Darcie; Maselko, Jacek M.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Hoffman, Chris A.] US Army Corps Engineers, Elmendorf AFB, AK 99506 USA.
RP Thedinga, JF (reprint author), Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, 17109 Point Lena Loop Rd, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
EM jthedinga@gci.net
FU NOAA's Essential Fish Habitat Program at the Auke Bay Laboratories of
the Alaska Fisheries Science Center
FX We especially thank Craig George and the North Slope Borough for
providing the invaluable field and logistical support that made this
study possible. We also thank Andres Lopez, Estrella Campellone, Dugan
Greenwell, John Eiler, Kim Fackler, Mark Carls, and Valerie Palmer for
help in the field. We thank Adam Moles for reviewing this manuscript.
This project was partially funded by NOAA's Essential Fish Habitat
Program at the Auke Bay Laboratories of the Alaska Fisheries Science
Center.
NR 53
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 14
PU ARCTIC INST N AMER
PI CALGARY
PA UNIV OF CALGARY 2500 UNIVERSITY DRIVE NW 11TH FLOOR LIBRARY TOWER,
CALGARY, ALBERTA T2N 1N4, CANADA
SN 0004-0843
J9 ARCTIC
JI Arctic
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 66
IS 3
BP 257
EP 268
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography
GA 230AR
UT WOS:000325309500002
ER
PT J
AU Lorenzetti, DM
Dols, WS
Persily, AK
Sohn, MD
AF Lorenzetti, David M.
Dols, W. Stuart
Persily, Andrew K.
Sohn, Michael D.
TI A stiff, variable time step transport solver for CONTAM
SO BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Contaminant; Pollutant transport; Simulation; Buildings; CONTAM; CVODE
AB We describe the implementation of a new transport solver for CONTAM, a whole-building airflow and contaminant transport model developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Based on CVODE, a general-purpose code for ordinary differential equations, the new solver features variable time steps, high-order integration methods, and automatic error control. These techniques can make CONTAM more accurate when simulating fast transport mechanisms such as high air change rates, sorption, and chemical reactions. We present the relevant theory, then describe the modeling decisions needed to integrate CVODE into CONTAM. Testing with two realistic building models shows that CVODE can run faster than the legacy solvers. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Lorenzetti, David M.; Sohn, Michael D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Dols, W. Stuart; Persily, Andrew K.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Lorenzetti, DM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd,MS 90-2002, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM dmlorenzetti@lbl.gov; william.dols@nist.gov; andrew.persily@nist.gov;
mdsohn@lbl.gov
OI Lorenzetti, David/0000-0002-9971-1165
FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency; U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Naval Surface Warfare Center Dahlgren; [MIPRs
N0017810MP00069]; [N0017810MP00160]
FX LBNL's research was funded in part by the Defense Threat Reduction
Agency, and performed under U.S. Department of Energy contract no.
DE-AC02-05CH11231. NIST was supported under MIPRs N0017810MP00069 and
N0017810MP00160, both funded by the Naval Surface Warfare Center
Dahlgren.
NR 11
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 5
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0360-1323
J9 BUILD ENVIRON
JI Build. Environ.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 67
BP 260
EP 264
DI 10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.05.008
PG 5
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Environmental;
Engineering, Civil
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering
GA 222GN
UT WOS:000324719300027
ER
PT J
AU Diaz, HF
Swetnam, TW
AF Diaz, Henry F.
Swetnam, Thomas W.
TI THE WILDFIRES OF 1910 Climatology of an Extreme Early Twentieth-Century
Event and Comparison with More Recent Extremes
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; NORTHERN ROCKIES; FIRE; REANALYSIS; 20TH-CENTURY;
SOUTHWEST; ARIDITY; FORESTS; AREA
AB During the summer of 1910 large wildfires occurred throughout the western United States, and especially in the northern Rocky Mountains. The Great Idaho Fires of 1910 alone burned about three million acres (similar to 1.2 Mha) an area that is approximately the size of Connecticut. Multiple fires ignited and coalesced, burning in forests of northern Idaho and western Montana including parts of the Bitterroot, Cabinet, Clearwater, Coeur d'Alene, Flathead, Kaniksu, Kootenai, Lewis and Clark, Lolo, and St. Joe National Forests. The firestorm burned for days in late August of 1910 and killed 87 people, including 78 firefighters. It is believed to be the largest, although not the deadliest, wildfire complex in recorded U.S. history. Here we show that highly anomalous weather preceded the conflagration in much of the West, including the occurrence of the warmest March on record for the contiguous United States (except March 2012). While the occurrence of very high winds greatly contributed to the fast spread of the wildfire, the preceding highly anomalous warm and dry condition since the spring of 1910 likely also contributed to the magnitude of this event. Improved understanding of extreme wildfire outbreaks and climatological conditions associated with them is increasingly important, as such events are increasing in frequency as global and regional warming continues.
C1 [Diaz, Henry F.] NOAA, ESRL, Boulder, CO USA.
[Diaz, Henry F.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Swetnam, Thomas W.] Univ Arizona, Tree Ring Res Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
RP Diaz, HF (reprint author), Univ Colorado, CIRES, UCB 216, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM henry.f.diaz@noaa.gov
RI Swetnam, Thomas/A-6052-2008
OI Swetnam, Thomas/0000-0001-7268-2184
FU U.S. interagency Joint Fire Sciences Program
FX The authors thank three anonymous reviewers and the editor for their
helpful comments. Partial support for TWS's time was provided by the
U.S. interagency Joint Fire Sciences Program. We thank E. Bigio, M.
Hall, E. Vasquez, and D. Falk at The University of Arizona for help in
compiling the North American fire scar chronology network shown in Fig.
9. We also thank the dozens of data contributors to this North American
fire scar network, which will be described and analyzed in detail in
forthcoming multiauthored papers.
NR 24
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 4
U2 24
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 94
IS 9
BP 1361
EP 1370
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00150.1
PG 10
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 227SQ
UT WOS:000325135100008
ER
PT J
AU Meisner, BN
Hill, JD
Mulvey, GJ
AF Meisner, Bernard N.
Hill, Jerry D.
Mulvey, Gerald J.
TI ETHICS FOR GOVERNMENT METEOROLOGISTS
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Meisner, Bernard N.] NWS Southern Reg, Sci & Training, Ft Worth, TX USA.
[Mulvey, Gerald J.] Northrop Grumman, Redondo Beach, CA USA.
RP Meisner, BN (reprint author), Southern Reg Headquarters, Natl Weather Serv, 819 Taylor St, Ft Worth, TX 76102 USA.
EM bernard.meisner@noaa.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 94
IS 9
BP 1420
EP 1423
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00018.1
PG 4
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 227SQ
UT WOS:000325135100014
ER
PT J
AU Shen, XY
Qing, T
Li, XF
AF Shen Xin-Yong
Qing Tao
Li Xiao-Fan
TI Effects of clouds, sea surface temperature, and its diurnal variation on
precipitation efficiency
SO CHINESE PHYSICS B
LA English
DT Article
DE sea surface temperature; diurnal variations; clouds; precipitation
efficiency
ID TROPICAL EQUILIBRIUM STATES; DEEP CONVECTIVE REGIME; STRATIFORM
RAINFALL; MICROSCALE STRUCTURE; MESOSCALE PROCESSES; FRONTAL RAINBANDS;
RESOLVING MODEL; SQUALL LINE; ICE CLOUDS; WATER
AB The effects of clouds, sea surface temperature, and its diurnal variation on precipitation efficiency are investigated using grid-scale data from nine equilibrium sensitivity cloud-resolving model experiments driven without large-scale vertical velocity. The precipitation efficiencies are respectively defined in surface rainfall, cloud, and rain microphysical budgets. We mathematically and physically demonstrate the relationship between these precipitation efficiencies. The 2 degrees C increases in spatiotemporal invariant sea surface temperature (SST) from 27 degrees C to 29 degrees C and from 29 degrees C to 31 degrees C, and the inclusion of diurnal SST difference 1 degrees C and the 1 degrees C increase in diurnal SST difference generate opposite changes in the precipitation efficiency by changing ice cloud-radiation interactions. The radiative and microphysical processes of ice clouds have opposite effects on the precipitation efficiency because of the rainfall increase associated with the reduction in the saturation mixing ratio caused by the exclusion of radiative effects and the decrease in rainfall related to the reduction in net condensation caused by the exclusion of deposition processes. The radiative effects of water clouds on the precipitation efficiency are statistically insensitive to the radiative effects of ice clouds.
C1 [Shen Xin-Yong; Qing Tao] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Key Lab Meteorol Disaster, Minist Educ, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Li Xiao-Fan] NOAA, NESDIS, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Shen, XY (reprint author), Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Key Lab Meteorol Disaster, Minist Educ, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
EM shenxy@nuist.edu.cn
RI Li, Xiaofan/G-2094-2014
FU National Basic Research Program of China [2013CB430103, 2011CB403405];
National Natural Science Foundation of China [41075039, 41175065];
Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education
Institutions, China [PAPD2 011]
FX Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant
Nos. 2013CB430103 and 2011CB403405), the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41075039 and 41175065), and the Priority
Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions,
China (Grant No. PAPD2 011).
NR 48
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 11
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1674-1056
J9 CHINESE PHYS B
JI Chin. Phys. B
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 22
IS 9
AR 094213
DI 10.1088/1674-1056/22/9/094213
PG 9
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 226AN
UT WOS:000325006700049
ER
PT J
AU Liu, XW
Yang, S
Kumar, A
Weaver, S
Jiang, XW
AF Liu, Xiangwen
Yang, Song
Kumar, Arun
Weaver, Scott
Jiang, Xingwen
TI Diagnostics of subseasonal prediction biases of the Asian summer monsoon
by the NCEP climate forecast system
SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Subseasonal prediction biases; Short-lead predictions; Long-lead
predictions; Western Pacific subtropical high; Asian summer monsoon
ID INTRASEASONAL OSCILLATIONS; ATMOSPHERIC VARIABILITY; INTERANNUAL
VARIABILITY; HORIZONTAL RESOLUTION; SEASONAL PREDICTION; COUPLED MODELS;
ECMWF MODEL; OCEAN; PREDICTABILITY; PRECIPITATION
AB Biases of subseasonal prediction of the Asian summer monsoon are diagnosed using daily data from the hindcasts of 45-day integrations by the National Centers for Environmental Prediction Climate Forecast System version 2. The retrospective forecasts often show apparent systematic biases, which are mostly represented by the underestimation of the whole Asian monsoon. Biases depend not only on lead time, but also on the stage of monsoon evolution. An abrupt turning point of bias development appears around late June and early July, when ensemble spread and bias growth of winds and precipitation show a significant change over the northwestern Pacific (NWP) and the South Asian summer monsoon (SASM) region. The abrupt turning of bias development of winds, precipitation, and surface temperature is also captured by the first two modes of multivariate empirical orthogonal function analysis. Several features appear associated with the abrupt change in bias development: the western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) begins its first northward jump and the surface temperature over the Tibetan Plateau commences a transition from warm bias to cold bias, and a reversal of surface temperature biases occurs in the eastern tropical Indian Ocean and the SASM region. The shift of WPSH position and the transition of surface thermal bias show close relationships with the formation of bias centers in winds and precipitation. The rapid growth in bias due to the strong internal atmospheric variability during short leads seems to mainly account for the weak WPSH and SASM in the model. However, at certain stages, particularly for longer-lead predictions, the biases of slowly varying components may also play an important role in bias development of winds and precipitation.
C1 [Liu, Xiangwen] China Meteorol Adm, Natl Climate Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Yang, Song; Kumar, Arun; Weaver, Scott] NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Jiang, Xingwen] China Meteorol Adm, Inst Plateau Meteorol, Chengdu, Sichuan, Peoples R China.
RP Yang, S (reprint author), NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, 5830 Univ Res Court, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM Song.Yang@noaa.gov
FU National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2010CB951903];
National Natural Science Foundation of China [40905046, 41105061];
NOAA-China Meteorological Administration Bilateral Program
FX We thank the two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments. This
study was partially supported by the National Basic Research Program of
China (973 Program: 2010CB951903), the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (Grants 40905046 and 41105061), and the NOAA-China
Meteorological Administration Bilateral Program.
NR 57
TC 10
Z9 12
U1 3
U2 12
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0930-7575
J9 CLIM DYNAM
JI Clim. Dyn.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 41
IS 5-6
BP 1453
EP 1474
DI 10.1007/s00382-012-1553-3
PG 22
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 226YO
UT WOS:000325073700020
ER
PT J
AU Yoo, H
Li, ZQ
Hou, YT
Lord, S
Weng, FZ
Barker, HW
AF Yoo, Hyelim
Li, Zhanqing
Hou, Yu-Tai
Lord, Steve
Weng, Fuzhong
Barker, Howard W.
TI Diagnosis and testing of low-level cloud parameterizations for the
NCEP/GFS model using satellite and ground-based measurements
SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Marine stratocumulus cloud; NCEP global forecast system; Cloud
parameterization scheme; Cloud overlap
ID ATMOSPHERIC INFRARED SOUNDER; LARGE-SCALE MODELS; GENERAL-CIRCULATION
MODELS; BOUNDARY-LAYER CLOUDS; GLOBAL FORECAST SYSTEM; ARM SGP SITE;
WATER-VAPOR; ECMWF MODEL; PART I; SHORTWAVE RADIATION
AB The objective of this study is to investigate the quality of clouds simulated by the National Centers for Environmental Prediction global forecast system (GFS) model and to examine the causes for some systematic errors seen in the simulations through use of satellite and ground-based measurements. In general, clouds simulated by the GFS model had similar spatial patterns and seasonal trends as those retrieved from passive and active satellite sensors, but large systematic biases exist for certain cloud regimes especially underestimation of low-level marine stratocumulus clouds in the eastern Pacific and Atlantic oceans. This led to the overestimation (underestimation) of outgoing longwave (shortwave) fluxes at the top-of-atmosphere. While temperature profiles from the GFS model were comparable to those obtained from different observational sources, the GFS model overestimated the relative humidity field in the upper and lower troposphere. The cloud condensed water mixing ratio, which is a key input variable in the current GFS cloud scheme, was largely underestimated due presumably to excessive removal of cloud condensate water through strong turbulent diffusion and/or an improper boundary layer scheme. To circumvent the problem associated with modeled cloud mixing ratios, we tested an alternative cloud parameterization scheme that requires inputs of atmospheric dynamic and thermodynamic variables. Much closer agreements were reached in cloud amounts, especially for marine stratocumulus clouds. We also evaluate the impact of cloud overlap on cloud fraction by applying a linear combination of maximum and random overlap assumptions with a de-correlation length determined from satellite products. Significantly better improvements were found for high-level clouds than for low-level clouds, due to differences in the dominant cloud geometry between these two distinct cloud types.
C1 [Yoo, Hyelim; Li, Zhanqing] Univ Maryland, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Li, Zhanqing] Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Earth Surface Proc & Resource Ecol, Coll Global Change & Earth Syst Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
[Hou, Yu-Tai; Lord, Steve] NOAA, Environm Modeling Ctr, NCEP, NWS, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Weng, Fuzhong] NOAA, STAR, NESDIS, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Barker, Howard W.] Environm Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada.
RP Li, ZQ (reprint author), Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Earth Surface Proc & Resource Ecol, Coll Global Change & Earth Syst Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
EM zli@atmos.umd.edu
RI Weng, Fuzhong/F-5633-2010; Li, Zhanqing/F-4424-2010
OI Weng, Fuzhong/0000-0003-0150-2179; Li, Zhanqing/0000-0001-6737-382X
FU National Basic Research Program [2013CB955804]; NSF [AGS1118325]; NASA
[NNX08AH71G]; DOE [DESC0007171]; NOAA GOES-R program
FX We are grateful to Drs. Brad Ferrier and Shrinivas Moorthi of NOAA/NCEP
for their helps with the GFS model. The authors have been supported by
grants of the National Basic Research Program (2013CB955804),
NSF(AGS1118325), NASA (NNX08AH71G) and DOE (DESC0007171), and NOAA
GOES-R program.
NR 84
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0930-7575
EI 1432-0894
J9 CLIM DYNAM
JI Clim. Dyn.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 41
IS 5-6
BP 1595
EP 1613
DI 10.1007/s00382-013-1884-8
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 226YO
UT WOS:000325073700027
ER
PT J
AU Jia, XL
Yang, S
Li, X
Liu, YY
Wang, H
Liu, XW
Weaver, S
AF Jia, Xiaolong
Yang, Song
Li, Xun
Liu, Yunyun
Wang, Hui
Liu, Xiangwen
Weaver, Scott
TI Prediction of global patterns of dominant quasi-biweekly oscillation by
the NCEP Climate Forecast System version 2
SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Quasi-biweekly oscillation; Prediction skill; Monsoons; ENSO
ID MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION; SOUTH CHINA SEA; WESTERN NORTH PACIFIC;
SUMMER MONSOON; INTRASEASONAL OSCILLATIONS; SURFACE TEMPERATURE;
EAST-ASIA; VARIABILITY; CONVECTION; ONSET
AB Daily output from the hindcasts by the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Climate Forecast System version 2 (CFSv2) is analyzed to understand the skill of forecasting atmospheric variability on quasi-biweekly (QBW) time scale. Eight dominant quasi-biweekly oscillation (QBWO) modes identified by the extended empirical orthogonal function analysis are focused. In the CFSv2, QBW variability exhibits a significant weakening tendency with lead time for all seasons. For most QBWO modes, the variance drops to only 50 % of the initial value at lead time of 11-15 days. QBW variability has better prediction skill in the winter hemisphere than in the summer hemisphere. Skillful forecast can reach about 10-15 days for most modes but those in the winter hemisphere have better forecast skills. Among the eight QBWO modes, the North Pacific mode and the South Pacific (SP) mode have the highest forecast skills while the Asia-Pacific mode and the Central American mode have the lowest skills. For the Asia-Pacific and Central American modes, the forecasted QBWO phase shows an obvious eastward shift with increase in lead time compared to observations, indicating a smaller propagating speed. However, the predicted feature for the SP mode is more realistic. Air-sea coupling on the QBW time scale is perhaps responsible for the different prediction skills for different QBWO modes. In addition, most QBWO modes have better forecasting skills in El Nio years than in La Nia years. Different dynamical mechanisms for various QBWO modes may be partially responsible for the differences in prediction skill among different QBWO modes.
C1 [Jia, Xiaolong; Liu, Yunyun; Liu, Xiangwen] China Meteorol Adm, Natl Climate Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Yang, Song] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
[Li, Xun] China Meteorol Adm, Hainan Meteorol Serv, Haikou, Hainan, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Hui; Weaver, Scott] NOAA Climate Predict Ctr, College Pk, MD USA.
RP Yang, S (reprint author), Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, 135 West Xingang Rd, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
EM yangsong3@mail.sysu.du.cn
RI Wang, Hui/B-6516-2008
FU National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2012CB955902];
National Natural Science Foundation of China [40905035]; Zhongshan
University "985 Project" Phase 3; Key Technologies R&D Program of China
[2009BAC51B05]
FX This research was supported by grants from the National Basic Research
Program of China (973 Program, 2012CB955902), the National Natural
Science Foundation of China (40905035), Zhongshan University "985
Project" Phase 3 and the Key Technologies R&D Program of China
(2009BAC51B05).
NR 46
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 9
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0930-7575
EI 1432-0894
J9 CLIM DYNAM
JI Clim. Dyn.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 41
IS 5-6
BP 1635
EP 1650
DI 10.1007/s00382-013-1877-7
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 226YO
UT WOS:000325073700029
ER
PT J
AU Pegion, K
Alexander, M
AF Pegion, Kathy
Alexander, Michael
TI The seasonal footprinting mechanism in CFSv2: simulation and impact on
ENSO prediction
SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
ID STOCHASTIC DYNAMICAL MODEL; DATA ASSIMILATION ANALYSIS; SEA-SURFACE
TEMPERATURES; OCEAN RECHARGE PARADIGM; EL-NINO; EQUATORIAL PACIFIC;
COUPLED MODEL; NORTH PACIFIC; ATMOSPHERIC VARIABILITY; OPTIMAL-GROWTH
AB The seasonal footprinting mechanism (SFM) is thought to be a pre-cursor to the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Fluctuations in the North Pacific Oscillation (NPO) impact the ocean via surface heat fluxes during winter, leaving a sea-surface temperature (SST) "footprint" in the subtropics. This footprint persists through the spring, impacting the tropical Pacific atmosphere-ocean circulation throughout the following year. The simulation of the SFM in the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP)/Climate Forecast System, version 2 (CFSv2) is likely to have an impact on operational predictions of ENSO and potentially seasonal predictions in the United States associated with ENSO teleconnection patterns. The ability of the CFSv2 to simulate the SFM and the relationship between the SFM and ENSO prediction skill in the NCEP/CFSv2 are investigated. Results indicate that the CFSv2 is able to simulate the basic characteristics of the SFM and its relationship with ENSO, including extratropical sea level pressure anomalies associated with the NPO in the winter, corresponding wind and SST anomalies that impact the tropics, and the development of ENSO-related SST anomalies the following winter. Although the model is able to predict the correct sign of ENSO associated with the SFM in a composite sense, probabilistic predictions of ENSO following a positive or negative NPO event are generally less reliable than when the NPO is not active.
C1 [Pegion, Kathy] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Pegion, Kathy; Alexander, Michael] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Div Phys Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Pegion, K (reprint author), Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Div Phys Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, 325 Broadway R PSD1, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM Kathy.Pegion@noaa.gov
NR 41
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 11
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0930-7575
J9 CLIM DYNAM
JI Clim. Dyn.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 41
IS 5-6
BP 1671
EP 1683
DI 10.1007/s00382-013-1887-5
PG 13
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 226YO
UT WOS:000325073700031
ER
PT J
AU Armstrong, JB
Schindler, DE
Ruff, CP
Brooks, GT
Bentley, KE
Torgersen, CE
AF Armstrong, Jonathan B.
Schindler, Daniel E.
Ruff, Casey P.
Brooks, Gabriel T.
Bentley, Kale E.
Torgersen, Christian E.
TI Diel horizontal migration in streams: Juvenile fish exploit spatial
heterogeneity in thermal and trophic resources
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE behavioral thermoregulation; cyclic movement; digestive constraint;
foraging; resource pulse; stomach capacity; subsidy; thermal
heterogeneity; trade-off
ID SOCKEYE-SALMON; VERTICAL MIGRATION; ANTIPREDATION WINDOW; SPAWNING
HABITAT; BULL TROUT; RIVER; TEMPERATURE; HOMOGENIZATION; BIODIVERSITY;
ECOSYSTEMS
AB Vertical heterogeneity in the physical characteristics of lakes and oceans is ecologically salient and exploited by a wide range of taxa through diel vertical migration to enhance their growth and survival. Whether analogous behaviors exploit horizontal habitat heterogeneity in streams is largely unknown. We investigated fish movement behavior at daily timescales to explore how individuals integrated across spatial variation in food abundance and water temperature. Juvenile coho salmon made feeding forays into cold habitats with abundant food, and then moved long distances (350-1300 m) to warmer habitats that accelerated their metabolism and increased their assimilative capacity. This behavioral thermoregulation enabled fish to mitigate trade-offs between trophic and thermal resources by exploiting thermal heterogeneity. Fish that exploited thermal heterogeneity grew at substantially faster rates than did individuals that assumed other behaviors. Our results provide empirical support for the importance of thermal diversity in lotic systems, and emphasize the importance of considering interactions between animal behavior and habitat heterogeneity when managing and restoring ecosystems.
C1 [Armstrong, Jonathan B.; Schindler, Daniel E.; Ruff, Casey P.; Bentley, Kale E.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Ruff, Casey P.] Skagit River Syst Cooperat, La Conner, WA 98257 USA.
[Brooks, Gabriel T.] NOAA, Fish Ecol Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Torgersen, Christian E.] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, US Geol Survey,Cascadia Field Stn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Armstrong, JB (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM jonny5armstrong@gmail.com
FU Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; National Science Foundation; School
of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences
FX This work is a contribution of the University of Washington Alaska
Salmon Program, funded by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, the
National Science Foundation, the Alaska salmon processors, and the
School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences. We thank the many individuals
who assisted with fieldwork, contributed equipment, or helped with data
analysis. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. J.
Armstrong conceived the project, executed research, analyzed data, and
wrote the first draft of the manuscript; D. Schindler advised and
contributed to all stages of the project; C. Ruff contributed to all
stages of the project; G. Brooks developed RFID antenna arrays; K.
Bentley contributed to statistical analyses; and C. Torgersen
contributed methods for mapping thermal heterogeneity. All authors
contributed to revisions of manuscript.
NR 55
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 3
U2 59
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0012-9658
EI 1939-9170
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 94
IS 9
BP 2066
EP 2075
DI 10.1890/12-1200.1
PG 10
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 219TL
UT WOS:000324532900019
PM 24279277
ER
PT J
AU Parnell, AC
Phillips, DL
Bearhop, S
Semmens, BX
Ward, EJ
Moore, JW
Jackson, AL
Grey, J
Kelly, DJ
Inger, R
AF Parnell, Andrew C.
Phillips, Donald L.
Bearhop, Stuart
Semmens, Brice X.
Ward, Eric J.
Moore, Jonathan W.
Jackson, Andrew L.
Grey, Jonathan
Kelly, David J.
Inger, Richard
TI Bayesian stable isotope mixing models
SO ENVIRONMETRICS
LA English
DT Article
DE stable isotope analysis; mixing models; Bayesian hierarchical model;
compositional data; time series
ID MASS-BALANCE ANALYSIS; AIR-QUALITY DATA; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT;
COMPOSITIONAL DATA; UNCERTAINTY; TOO
AB In this paper, we review recent advances in stable isotope mixing models (SIMMs) and place them into an overarching Bayesian statistical framework, which allows for several useful extensions. SIMMs are used to quantify the proportional contributions of various sources to a mixture. The most widely used application is quantifying the diet of organisms based on the food sources they have been observed to consume. At the centre of the multivariate statistical model we propose is a compositional mixture of the food sources corrected for various metabolic factors. The compositional component of our model is based on the isometric log-ratio transform. Through this transform, we can apply a range of time series and non-parametric smoothing relationships. We illustrate our models with three case studies based on real animal dietary behaviour. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Parnell, Andrew C.] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Math Sci Stat, Complex & Adapt Syst Lab, Dublin 2, Ireland.
[Phillips, Donald L.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Corvallis, OR USA.
[Bearhop, Stuart] Univ Exeter, Sch Biosci, Ctr Ecol & Conservat, Exeter, Devon, England.
[Semmens, Brice X.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Ward, Eric J.] NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA USA.
[Moore, Jonathan W.] Simon Fraser Univ, Earth2Ocean Res Grp, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
[Jackson, Andrew L.; Kelly, David J.] Univ Dublin Trinity Coll, Sch Nat Sci, Dublin 2, Ireland.
[Grey, Jonathan] Univ London, Sch Biol & Chem Sci, London, England.
[Inger, Richard] Univ Exeter, Sch Biosci, Environm & Sustainabil Inst, Exeter, Devon, England.
RP Parnell, AC (reprint author), Univ Coll Dublin, Room 500,Lib Bldg, Dublin 2, Ireland.
EM Andrew.Parnell@ucd.ie
RI Parnell, Andrew/C-7284-2014; Jackson, Andrew/D-3441-2009; Inger,
Richard/D-3445-2009;
OI Parnell, Andrew/0000-0001-7956-7939; Jackson,
Andrew/0000-0001-7334-0434; Inger, Richard/0000-0003-1660-3706; Kelly,
David/0000-0002-5880-4162; Bearhop, Stuart/0000-0002-5864-0129; Grey,
Jonathan/0000-0001-9069-2271
FU US Environmental Protection Agency
FX The authors would like to thank John Connolly and two anonymous
reviewers for their insightful comments on an earlier draft. The
information in this document has been funded in part by the US
Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to the Agency's
peer and administrative review, and it has been approved for publication
as an EPA document. Mention of trade names or commercial products does
not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.
NR 44
TC 57
Z9 57
U1 21
U2 153
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1180-4009
EI 1099-095X
J9 ENVIRONMETRICS
JI Environmetrics
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 24
IS 6
BP 387
EP 399
DI 10.1002/env.2221
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications;
Statistics & Probability
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematics
GA 225YM
UT WOS:000325001200004
ER
PT J
AU Ranzani, L
Kuester, D
Vanhille, KJ
Boryssenko, A
Grossman, E
Popovic, Z
AF Ranzani, Leonardo
Kuester, Daniel
Vanhille, Kenneth J.
Boryssenko, Anatoliy
Grossman, Erich
Popovic, Zoya
TI G-Band Micro-Fabricated Frequency-Steered Arrays With 2 degrees/GHz Beam
Steering
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON TERAHERTZ SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Beam steering; G-band; millimeter-wave radar; planar antenna arrays
ID WAVE-GUIDE; RADAR
AB In this paper, we describe micro-fabricated frequency-scanned slot waveguide arrays operating between 130 and 180 GHz for planetary landing radar. The group delay dispersion of the feed line is increased by corrugating the bottom rectangular waveguide wall. Both 16-element and 32-element linear arrays are fed by micro-coaxial corporate feed networks to narrow the beam in the non-scanning direction. Two-dimensional (2-D) antenna arrays and feed networks are photo-lithographically fabricated using a sequential metal deposition process. The 16-by-21 array demonstrates a 6 degrees beamwidth and 2 degrees/GHz steering over a 40 degrees scan angle.
C1 [Ranzani, Leonardo; Kuester, Daniel; Popovic, Zoya] Univ Colorado, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Grossman, Erich] NIST, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Vanhille, Kenneth J.; Boryssenko, Anatoliy] Nuvotronics LLC, Radford, VA 24141 USA.
RP Ranzani, L (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM leonardo.ranzani@colorado.edu
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) [NNX10CA77C]
FX Manuscript received April 09, 2013; revised June 02, 2013; accepted June
17, 2013. Date of publication July 17, 2013; date of current version
September 18, 2013. This work was supported by the National Aeronautics
and Space Administration (NASA) under ContractNNX10CA77C.
NR 20
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 5
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 2156-342X
J9 IEEE T THZ SCI TECHN
JI IEEE Trans. Terahertz Sci. Technol.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 3
IS 5
BP 566
EP 573
DI 10.1109/TTHZ.2013.2271381
PG 8
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA 225HY
UT WOS:000324954300010
ER
PT J
AU Kissel, R
AF Kissel, Richard
TI Avoiding Accidental Data Loss
SO IT PROFESSIONAL
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Kissel, R (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM richard.kissel@nist.gov
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC
PI LOS ALAMITOS
PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA
SN 1520-9202
J9 IT PROF
JI IT Prof.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2013
VL 15
IS 5
BP 12
EP 15
PG 4
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software
Engineering; Telecommunications
SC Computer Science; Telecommunications
GA 228ZD
UT WOS:000325230700004
ER
PT J
AU Lim, S
Cifelli, R
Chandrasekar, V
Matrosov, SY
AF Lim, S.
Cifelli, R.
Chandrasekar, V.
Matrosov, S. Y.
TI Precipitation Classification and Quantification Using X-Band
Dual-Polarization Weather Radar: Application in the Hydrometeorology
Testbed
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Precipitation; Hydrometeorology; Radars; Radar observations; Remote
sensing
ID DROP-SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; IN-SITU VERIFICATION; POLARIMETRIC RADAR;
DIFFERENTIAL PHASE; HIGH-RESOLUTION; FUZZY-LOGIC; RAINFALL;
REFLECTIVITY; ALGORITHM; IDENTIFICATION
AB This paper presents new methods for rainfall estimation from X-band dual-polarization radar observations along with advanced techniques for quality control, hydrometeor classification, and estimation of specific differential phase. Data collected from the Hydrometeorology Testbed (HMT) in orographic terrain of California are used to demonstrate the methodology. The quality control and hydrometeor classification are specifically developed for X-band applications, which use a fuzzy logic technique constructed from the magnitude of the copolar correlation coefficient and the texture of differential propagation phase. In addition, an improved specific differential phase retrieval and rainfall estimation method are also applied. The specific differential phase estimation is done for both the melting region and rain region, where it uses a conventional filtering method for the melting region and a self-consistency-based method that distributes the total differential phase consistent with the reflectivity factor for the rain region. Based on the specific differential phase, rainfall estimations were computed using data obtained from the NOAA polarimetric X-band radar for hydrometeorology (HYDROX) and evaluated using HMT rain gauge observations. The results show that the methodology works well at capturing the high-frequency rainfall variations for the events analyzed herein and can be useful for mountainous terrain applications.
C1 [Lim, S.] Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Lim, S.; Cifelli, R.; Matrosov, S. Y.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Lim, S.] Korea Inst Construct Technol, Ilsan, South Korea.
[Chandrasekar, V.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Matrosov, S. Y.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Lim, S (reprint author), Korea Inst Construct Technol, 283 Goyangdae Ro, Goyang Si 411712, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea.
EM slim@kict.re.kr
FU Strategic Research Project (Development of flood warning and snowfall
estimation platform using hydrological radars); Korea Institute of
Construction Technology
FX The HYDROX radar operations were supported by the Physical Sciences
Division (PSD) at NOAA/ESRL. The authors would like to acknowledge the
hard work and dedication of the PSD staff in the collection and
processing of the HMT data used in this study. The participation of Lim
in this study is partially supported by a grant from a Strategic
Research Project (Development of flood warning and snowfall estimation
platform using hydrological radars) funded by the Korea Institute of
Construction Technology. The participation of Chandrasekar in this study
is supported by the CASA NSF ERC program.
NR 44
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 4
U2 12
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 30
IS 9
BP 2108
EP 2120
DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-12-00123.1
PG 13
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 224MH
UT WOS:000324890100011
ER
PT J
AU Chen, Y
Han, Y
van Delst, P
Weng, FZ
AF Chen, Yong
Han, Yong
van Delst, Paul
Weng, Fuzhong
TI Assessment of Shortwave Infrared Sea Surface Reflection and Nonlocal
Thermodynamic Equilibrium Effects in the Community Radiative Transfer
Model Using IASI Data
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Satellite observations; Model evaluation; performance
ID EMISSIVITY; SYSTEM
AB The nadir-viewing satellite radiances at shortwave infrared channels from 3.5 to 4.6 m are not currently assimilated in operational numerical weather prediction data assimilation systems and are not adequately corrected for applications of temperature retrieval at daytime. For satellite observations over the ocean during the daytime, the radiance in the surface-sensitive shortwave infrared is strongly affected by the reflected solar radiance, which can contribute as much as 20.0 K to the measured brightness temperatures (BT). The nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) emission in the 4.3-m CO2 band can add a further 10 K to the measured BT. In this study, a bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) is developed for the ocean surface and an NLTE radiance correction scheme is investigated for the hyperspectral sensors. Both effects are implemented in the Community Radiative Transfer Model (CRTM). The biases of CRTM simulations to Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) observations and the standard deviations of the biases are greatly improved during daytime (about a 1.5-K bias for NLTE channels and a 0.3-K bias for surface-sensitive shortwave channels) and are very close to the values obtained during the night. These improved capabilities in CRTM allow for effective uses of satellite data at short infrared wavelengths in data assimilation systems and in atmospheric soundings throughout the day and night.
C1 [Chen, Yong] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Han, Yong; Weng, Fuzhong] Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD USA.
[van Delst, Paul] IMSG Inc, Rockville, MD USA.
[van Delst, Paul] Joint Ctr Satellite Data Assimilat, College Pk, MD USA.
RP Chen, Y (reprint author), NOAA, Ctr Weather & Climate Predict, 5830 Univ Res Court,Stn 2878, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM yong.chen@noaa.gov
RI Han, Yong/F-5590-2010; Chen, Yong/E-4321-2010; Weng, Fuzhong/F-5633-2010
OI Han, Yong/0000-0002-0183-7270; Chen, Yong/0000-0002-0279-9405; Weng,
Fuzhong/0000-0003-0150-2179
FU Joint Center for Satellite Data Assimilation program
FX This research was supported by the Joint Center for Satellite Data
Assimilation program. The authors thank ECMWF for use of analysis model
fields. Thanks are also extended to Dr. Fangfang Yu and David Groff for
their internal review, and two anonymous reviewers for their very useful
suggestions to improve our paper. The contents of this paper are solely
the opinions of the authors and do not constitute a statement of policy,
decision, or position on behalf of NOAA or the U.S. government.
NR 22
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 30
IS 9
BP 2152
EP 2160
DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-12-00267.1
PG 9
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 224MH
UT WOS:000324890100015
ER
PT J
AU Berthet, G
Renard, JB
Ghysels, M
Durry, G
Gaubicher, B
Amarouche, N
AF Berthet, Gwenael
Renard, Jean-Baptiste
Ghysels, Melanie
Durry, Georges
Gaubicher, Bertrand
Amarouche, Nadir
TI Balloon-borne observations of mid-latitude stratospheric water vapour:
comparisons with HALOE and MLS satellite data
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Stratospheric water vapour; In situ balloon-borne measurements;
Satellite validation; Frost-point hygrometer
ID TROPICAL TROPOPAUSE TEMPERATURES; FROST-POINT HYGROMETER; LONG-DURATION
BALLOONS; OCCULTATION EXPERIMENT; OZONE; AEROSOL; CLIMATE; TRENDS;
CLOUDS; VARIABILITY
AB We present here in situ measurements obtained between 1991 and 2011 in outer-vortex conditions by the ELHYSA balloon-borne frost-point hygrometer. The frost-point hygrometer profiles are used for comparisons with the satellite data from version 19 (v19) and version 3.3 (v3.3) of the HALogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE) and the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) respectively. Potential Vorticity mapping is applied to all data sets to remove contributions of transient tropical intrusions and polar vortex air masses and hence ensure consistent comparisons between the balloon and satellite observations. Our selected balloon in situ observations are too sparse to directly infer mid-latitude stratospheric time series for continuous comparisons with HALOE and MLS records or derive water vapour trends but can be used to validate the satellite data. A mean difference of -0.83 +/- 1.58 % (-0.04 +/- 0.07 ppmv) is obtained between HALOE v19 data and the balloon frost-point observations (with respect to HALOE) over the 30-80 hPa altitude range. The hygrometer-HALOE differences appear time-dependent as already presented in the literature. The mean difference reaches 2.80 +/- 0.96 % (0.13 +/- 0.04 ppmv) for MLS v3.3, with MLS systematically wetter than the balloon data reflecting a systematic bias between both datasets. We use our balloon data as reference to provide some information about the HALOE-MLS difference. From post-2000 ELHYSA-HALOE and ELHYSA-MLS comparisons, we find a HALOE-MLS difference matching the expected bias, with MLS v3.3 6.60 +/- 2.80 % (0.27 +/- 0.11 ppmv) wetter than HALOE v19. From the results obtained from our balloon-satellite data comparisons, we finally discuss the issue about merging the HALOE and MLS data sets to provide stratospheric water vapour trends.
C1 [Berthet, Gwenael; Renard, Jean-Baptiste; Gaubicher, Bertrand] Univ Orleans, CNRS, UMR 7328, Lab Phys & Chim Environm & Espace LPC2E, Orleans, France.
[Ghysels, Melanie] NIST, Chem Sci & Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Durry, Georges] Univ Reims, CNRS, UMR 6089, GSMA, Reims, France.
[Amarouche, Nadir] Inst Natl Sci Univers, Div Tech, Meudon, France.
RP Berthet, G (reprint author), Univ Orleans, CNRS, UMR 7328, Lab Phys & Chim Environm & Espace LPC2E, Orleans, France.
EM gwenael.berthet@cnrs-orleans.fr
FU CNES; European Space Agency (ESA) in the frame of ENVISAT satellite
validation; LEFE-CHAT; European Commission for extensive international
balloon campaigns; AEROWAVE (Aerosols, Water Vapour and Electricity);
CNRS-INSU; LMD/Palaiseau
FX The authors are very grateful to Joelle and Henri Ovarlez, now retired
but definitively associated to this work, for the development of the
ELHYSA hygrometer (or formerly LMD hygrometer in the literature), for
their involvement in the numerous successful balloon/aircraft flights,
for their strong support and nice advices in the frame of this study.
The balloon flights were funded by CNES, by the European Space Agency
(ESA) in the frame of ENVISAT satellite validation, by the French
national research programs (now LEFE-CHAT and formerly PNCA) and by the
European Commission for extensive international balloon campaigns. The
authors would like in particular to thank the newly-created French
CNES-INSU Balloon Committee (so-called CSTB) for funding of the AEROWAVE
(Aerosols, Water Vapour and Electricity) project (2010 and 2011
campaigns). We wish to make special thanks to the CNES balloon launching
and operational teams who launched successfully so many times the ELHYSA
instrument over the past 20 years. ELHYSA data can be found on the ETHER
database (http://ether.ipsl.jussieu.fr) supported by CNES and CNRS-INSU
and managed by Institut Pierre Simon Laplace (IPSL). Thanks also go to
Jeremy Surcin and Matthieu Jeannot (LPC2E) for precious support on the
extraction of satellite data and on various computing issues. Alain
Hauchecorne and Marc-Antoine Drouin are acknowledged for support on the
MIMOSA model which is important part of this work. We thank Gerard
Coeur-Joly and Daniel Sourgen from LMD/Palaiseau for their support on
the laboratory calibration system of the frost-point hygrometer. The
authors are also grateful to Peter Haynes for very useful discussions
about stratospheric transport and water vapour issues in Cambridge, UK.
Finally, our deep thoughts are with Cornelius Schiller who was one of
the most active scientists in the world to consider the question of
water vapour in particular through the SPARC Water Vapour Initiative.
NR 66
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 10
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-7764
EI 1573-0662
J9 J ATMOS CHEM
JI J. Atmos. Chem.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 3
BP 197
EP 219
DI 10.1007/s10874-013-9264-7
PG 23
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 229FJ
UT WOS:000325246900001
ER
PT J
AU Michailidou, EK
Assael, MJ
Huber, ML
Perkins, RA
AF Michailidou, E. K.
Assael, M. J.
Huber, M. L.
Perkins, R. A.
TI Reference Correlation of the Viscosity of n-Hexane from the Triple Point
to 600 K and up to 100 MPa
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL REFERENCE DATA
LA English
DT Article
DE critical phenomena; n-hexane; transport properties; viscosity
ID BINARY-LIQUID MIXTURES; INITIAL DENSITY-DEPENDENCE; EXCESS MOLAR
VOLUMES; PLUS ALKANE MIXTURES; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; REFRACTIVE-INDEXES;
KINEMATIC VISCOSITIES; DIELECTRIC-CONSTANTS; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY;
PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES
AB This paper contains new, representative reference equations for the viscosity of n-hexane. The equations are based in part upon a body of experimental data that has been critically assessed for internal consistency and for agreement with theory whenever possible. The correlations are valid from the triple point to 600 K, and at pressures up to 100 MPa. We estimate the expanded uncertainty at a 95% confidence level to be 2% for the liquid phase at temperatures from the triple point to 450 K and pressures to 100 MPa. For the liquid at 450-600 K at pressures to 100 MPa, the expanded uncertainty at the 95% confidence level is 6%, and is 0.3% for the low-density gas at pressures to 0.3 MPa. (C) 2013 by the U. S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the United States. All rights reserved.
C1 [Michailidou, E. K.; Assael, M. J.] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Dept Chem Engn, Lab Thermophys Properties & Environm Proc, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece.
[Huber, M. L.; Perkins, R. A.] NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Assael, MJ (reprint author), Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Dept Chem Engn, Lab Thermophys Properties & Environm Proc, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece.
EM assael@auth.gr
RI Assael, Marc/K-5545-2012;
OI Assael, Marc/0000-0003-1221-6899; Perkins, Richard/0000-0002-8526-6742
FU International Association for Transport Properties (IATP); International
Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
FX The work described in this paper was carried out under the auspices of
the International Association for Transport Properties (IATP). The
authors gratefully acknowledge the partial financial support of the
International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. Finally, the authors
thank Mr. Konstantino Mylona for his help in translating Russian papers.
NR 136
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0047-2689
J9 J PHYS CHEM REF DATA
JI J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 42
IS 3
AR UNSP 033104
DI 10.1063/1.4818980
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Physics,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 231HT
UT WOS:000325407800004
ER
PT J
AU Verevkin, SP
Emel'yanenko, VN
Diky, V
Muzny, CD
Chirico, RD
Frenkel, M
AF Verevkin, S. P.
Emel'yanenko, V. N.
Diky, V.
Muzny, C. D.
Chirico, R. D.
Frenkel, M.
TI New Group-Contribution Approach to Thermochemical Properties of Organic
Compounds: Hydrocarbons and Oxygen-Containing Compounds
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL REFERENCE DATA
LA English
DT Article
DE enthalpy of formation; enthalpy of vaporization; group contribution;
hydrocarbons; 1,4-interactions; 1,5-interactions; oxygen-containing
compounds
ID CARBON-HYDROGEN-OXYGEN; 2ND-ORDER GROUP CONTRIBUTIONS; THERMODATA ENGINE
TDE; STANDARD ENTHALPIES; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; ALIPHATIC-ALCOHOLS;
SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION; MOLAR ENTHALPIES; HEAT-CAPACITIES; SOLID-STATE
AB A new group-contribution approach involving systematic corrections for 1,4-non-bonded carbon-carbon and carbon-oxygen interactions has been proposed. Limits of the applicability of the method, associated with the highly branched structures, were established. Experimental data for enthalpies of formation in the liquid phase, enthalpies of vaporization, and enthalpies of formation in the gas phase for alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, alkylbenzenes, alkanols, ethers, ketones and aldehydes, carboxylic acids, esters, and carbonates were collected and critically evaluated through dynamic data evaluation as implemented in the NIST ThermoData Engine. An automatic procedure for molecular structure "decomposition" was developed, and algorithms for the assessment of expanded uncertainties for the predicted property values were implemented. The combination of these software tools allows for ongoing improvements of the group-contribution parameter set as new experimental data become available. Fifty-two group-contribution parameters and their variances were evaluated for the proposed schema. Based on comparison of critically evaluated and predicted data for all classes of compounds studied, the performance of the new group formulation and associated parameters is superior to that originally suggested by Benson and the update by Cohen without an increase in the number of required parameters. (C) 2013 by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the United States. All rights reserved.
C1 [Verevkin, S. P.; Emel'yanenko, V. N.] Univ Rostock, Dept Phys Chem, D-18059 Rostock, Germany.
[Diky, V.; Muzny, C. D.; Chirico, R. D.; Frenkel, M.] NIST, Thermodynam Res Ctr, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Verevkin, SP (reprint author), Univ Rostock, Dept Phys Chem, Dr Lorenz Weg 1, D-18059 Rostock, Germany.
EM sergey.verevkin@uni-rostock.de
NR 69
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 2
U2 28
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0047-2689
J9 J PHYS CHEM REF DATA
JI J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 42
IS 3
AR UNSP 033102
DI 10.1063/1.4815957
PG 33
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Physics,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 231HT
UT WOS:000325407800002
ER
PT J
AU Mitchell, WF
AF Mitchell, William F.
TI A collection of 2D elliptic problems for testing adaptive grid
refinement algorithms
SO APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Adaptive grid refinement; Standard test problems; Benchmarking
ID FINITE-ELEMENT METHOD; STRATEGY; DESIGN
AB Adaptive grid refinement is a critical component of the improvements that have recently been made in algorithms for the numerical solution of partial differential equations (PDEs). The development of new algorithms and computer codes for the solution of PDEs usually involves the use of proof-of-concept test problems. 2D elliptic problems are often used as the first test bed for new algorithms and codes. This paper contains a set of twelve parametrized 2D elliptic test problems for adaptive grid refinement algorithms and codes. The problems exhibit a variety of types of singularities, near singularities, and other difficulties. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Mitchell, WF (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8910, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM william.mitchell@nist.gov
NR 14
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0096-3003
J9 APPL MATH COMPUT
JI Appl. Math. Comput.
PD SEP 1
PY 2013
VL 220
BP 350
EP 364
DI 10.1016/j.amc.2013.05.068
PG 15
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 220CP
UT WOS:000324558600036
ER
PT J
AU Waples, RS
Nammack, M
Cochrane, JF
Hutchings, JA
AF Waples, Robin S.
Nammack, Maria
Cochrane, Jean Fitts
Hutchings, Jeffrey A.
TI A Tale of Two Acts: Endangered Species Listing Practices in Canada and
the United States
SO BIOSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE endangered species; ESA; SARA; distinct population segments;
designatable units
ID EXTINCTION RISK; BIOLOGICAL-DIVERSITY; GLOBAL BIODIVERSITY; ASSESSMENTS;
INDICATORS; PROTOCOLS; SYSTEMS; FISHES
AB Canada's Species at Risk Act (SARA) and the US Endangered Species Act (ESA) have adopted different approaches to achieve overlapping goals. We compare the ESA and SARA, focusing on the roles of science and policy in determining which species warrant legal protection. Our analysis suggests that each act could benefit from mimicking the strengths of the other, and both could be strengthened by greater clarity and transparency of listing determinations. A particular strength of SARA is that all evaluations of species' status are conducted by a single national scientific body. The ESA does not involve a comparable national body but has more stringent legal deadlines for listing actions, and listing decisions cannot by law consider socioeconomic factors (as can occur under SARA). The conservation of biodiversity would be enhanced if both acts were complemented by additional programs focused on broader efforts that protect more species before individual intervention is needed.
C1 [Waples, Robin S.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Nammack, Maria] NOAA, Protected Resources Off, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Cochrane, Jean Fitts] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Endangered Species Program, Arlington, VA USA.
[Hutchings, Jeffrey A.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Biol, Halifax, NS, Canada.
[Hutchings, Jeffrey A.] Univ Oslo, Ctr Ecol & Evolutionary Synth, Dept Biosci, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.
RP Waples, RS (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM robin.waples@noaa.gov
RI Waples, Robin/K-1126-2016
FU National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, in Santa Barbara,
California
FX The manuscript benefited from discussions within the Red Flags and
Extinction Risk Workgroup sponsored by the National Center for
Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, in Santa Barbara, California. We
thank Resit Akcakaya, Steve Chambers, John Fay, Mike Ford, Doug Keinath,
Mike Schwartz, and three anonymous reviewers for valuable comments on an
earlier draft. The views and opinions presented here are solely those of
the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their employers.
NR 58
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 4
U2 58
PU AMER INST BIOLOGICAL SCI
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1444 EYE ST, NW, STE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0006-3568
J9 BIOSCIENCE
JI Bioscience
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 63
IS 9
BP 723
EP 734
DI 10.1525/bio.2013.63.9.8
PG 12
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA 223DW
UT WOS:000324785300008
ER
PT J
AU Osterblom, H
Merrie, A
Metian, M
Boonstra, WJ
Blenckner, T
Watson, JR
Rykaczewski, RR
Ota, Y
Sarmiento, JL
Christensen, V
Schluter, M
Birnbaum, S
Gustafsson, BG
Humborg, C
Morth, CM
Muller-Karulis, B
Tomczak, MT
Troell, M
Folke, C
AF Osterblom, Henrik
Merrie, Andrew
Metian, Marc
Boonstra, Wiebren J.
Blenckner, Thorsten
Watson, James R.
Rykaczewski, Ryan R.
Ota, Yoshitaka
Sarmiento, Jorge L.
Christensen, Villy
Schluter, Maja
Birnbaum, Simon
Gustafsson, Bo G.
Humborg, Christoph
Morth, Carl-Magnus
Muller-Karulis, Barbel
Tomczak, Maciej T.
Troell, Max
Folke, Carl
TI Modeling Social-Ecological Scenarios in Marine Systems
SO BIOSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Baltic Sea; ecosystem approach; governance; human dimension; Nereus
ID ECOSYSTEM-BASED MANAGEMENT; ADAPTIVE GOVERNANCE; REGIME SHIFTS;
SUSTAINABILITY; CHALLENGES; TRANSITION; RESOURCES; EMERGENCE; SERVICES;
OCEAN
AB Human activities have substantial impacts on marine ecosystems, including rapid regime shifts with large consequences for human well-being. We highlight the use of model-based scenarios as a scientific tool for adaptive stewardship in the face of such consequences. The natural sciences have a long history of developing scenarios but rarely with an in-depth understanding of factors influencing human actions. Social scientists have traditionally investigated human behavior, but scholars often argue that behavior is too complex to be repre-ented by broad generalizations useful for models and scenarios. We address this scientific divide with a framework for integrated marine social ecological scenarios, combining quantitative process-based models from the biogeochemical and ecological disciplines with qualitative studies on governance and social change. The aim is to develop policy-relevant scenarios based on an in-depth empirical understanding from both the natural and the social sciences, thereby contributing to adaptive stewardship of marine social-ecological systems.
C1 [Osterblom, Henrik; Merrie, Andrew; Metian, Marc; Boonstra, Wiebren J.; Blenckner, Thorsten; Schluter, Maja; Birnbaum, Simon; Gustafsson, Bo G.; Humborg, Christoph; Morth, Carl-Magnus; Muller-Karulis, Barbel; Tomczak, Maciej T.; Troell, Max; Folke, Carl] Stockholm Univ, Stockholm Resilience Ctr, Stockholm, Sweden.
[Birnbaum, Simon] Stockholm Univ, Dept Polit Sci, Stockholm, Sweden.
[Gustafsson, Bo G.; Humborg, Christoph; Morth, Carl-Magnus; Muller-Karulis, Barbel; Tomczak, Maciej T.] Stockholm Univ, Balt Nest Inst, Stockholm, Sweden.
[Troell, Max; Folke, Carl] Royal Swedish Acad Sci, Beijer Inst Ecol Econ, Stockholm, Sweden.
[Watson, James R.; Rykaczewski, Ryan R.; Sarmiento, Jorge L.] Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Ota, Yoshitaka; Christensen, Villy] Univ British Columbia, Fisheries Ctr, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada.
RP Osterblom, H (reprint author), Stockholm Univ, Stockholm Resilience Ctr, Stockholm, Sweden.
EM henrik.osterblom@stockholmresilience.su.se
RI Humborg, Christoph/C-4756-2015; Rykaczewski, Ryan/A-8625-2016;
OI Humborg, Christoph/0000-0002-0649-5599; Rykaczewski,
Ryan/0000-0001-8893-872X; Osterblom, Henrik/0000-0002-1913-5197; Troell,
Max/0000-0002-7509-8140
FU Mistra (the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Environmental Research);
FORMAS (the Swedish Research Council); Nordic Centre for Research on
Marine Ecosystems and Resources under Climate Change (NorMER)
FX The Nippon Foundation-University of British Columbia Nereus program is a
collaborative initiative by the Nippon Foundation, the Stockholm
Resilience Centre, and five additional partners. The present article is
a product of Nereus' international and interdisciplinary effort toward
global sustainable fisheries; this is Nereus contribution no. 1. This
research was also supported by Mistra (the Swedish Foundation for
Strategic Environmental Research), through a core grant to the Stockholm
Resilience Centre at Stockholm University, and through the Regime Shifts
in the Baltic Sea Ecosystem project and the Baltic Ecosystem Adaptive
Management Program, funded by FORMAS (the Swedish Research Council) and
the Nordic Centre for Research on Marine Ecosystems and Resources under
Climate Change (NorMER). Constructive comments that were provided by
Reinette "Oonsie" Biggs on an earlier draft were much appreciated.
NR 45
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 51
PU AMER INST BIOLOGICAL SCI
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1444 EYE ST, NW, STE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0006-3568
J9 BIOSCIENCE
JI Bioscience
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 63
IS 9
BP 735
EP 744
DI 10.1525/bio.2013.63.9.9
PG 10
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA 223DW
UT WOS:000324785300009
ER
PT J
AU Volkov, DL
Landerer, FW
Kirillov, SA
AF Volkov, Denis L.
Landerer, Felix W.
Kirillov, Sergey A.
TI The genesis of sea level variability in the Barents Sea
SO CONTINENTAL SHELF RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Barents Sea; Sea level variability; Satellite altimetry; GRACE; ECCO2;
Arctic seas
ID OCEAN; GRACE; MODEL
AB The regional variability of sea level is an integral indicator of changing oceanographic conditions due to different processes of oceanic, atmospheric, and terrestrial origin. The present study explores the nature of sea level variability in the Barents Sea a marginal shelf sea of the Arctic Ocean. A characteristic feature that distinguishes this sea from other Arctic shelf seas is that it is largely ice free throughout the year. This allows continuous monitoring of sea level by space-borne altimeters. In this work we combine satellite altimetry, ocean gravity measurements by GRACE satellites, available hydrography data, and a high-resolution ocean data synthesis product to estimate the steric and mass-related components of sea level in the Barents Sea. We present one of the first observational evidence of the local importance of the mass-related sea level changes. The observed 1-3 month phase lag between the annual cycles of sea level in the Barents Sea and in the Nordic seas (Norwegian, Iceland, Greenland seas) is explained by the annual mass-related changes. The analysis of the barotropic vorticity budget shows that the mass-related sea level variability in the central part of the Barents Sea is determined by the combined effect of wind stress, flow over the varying bottom topography, and dissipation, while the impact of vorticity fluxes is negligible. Overall, the steric sea level has smaller amplitudes and mainly varies on the seasonal time scale. The thermosteric sea level is the main contributor to the steric sea level along the pathways of the Atlantic inflow into the Barents Sea. The relative contribution of the halosteric sea level is dominant in the southeastern, eastern, and northern parts of the Barents Sea, modulated by the seasonal sea ice formation/melt as well as by continental runoff. The variability of the thermosteric sea level in the Barents Sea is mostly driven by variations in the net surface heat flux, whereas the contribution of heat advection becomes as important as the ocean-atmosphere heat exchange at interannual time scales. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Volkov, Denis L.] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL USA.
[Volkov, Denis L.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Landerer, Felix W.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Kirillov, Sergey A.] Arctic & Antarctic Res Inst, St Petersburg 199226, Russia.
[Kirillov, Sergey A.] St Petersburg State Univ, Dept Oceanol, St Petersburg 199034, Russia.
RP Volkov, DL (reprint author), NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, PhOD, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM Denis.Volkov@noaa.gov
RI Volkov, Denis/A-6079-2011;
OI Volkov, Denis/0000-0002-9290-0502; Landerer, Felix/0000-0003-2678-095X
FU CNES; NASA MEASURES Program; NASA Physical Oceanography program; Russian
Federal Targeted program
FX The altimeter products were produced by SSALTO/DUACS and distributed by
AVISO with support from CNES (http://www.aviso.oceanobs.com/duacs/).
GRACE ocean data were processed by Don R Chambers, supported by the NASA
MEASURES Program, and are available at http://grace.jpl.nasa.gov. The
authors thank two anonymous reviewers for their comments and suggestions
that helped to improve the manuscript. The ECCO2 model runs have been
carried out at Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of
Technology (http://ecco2.jpl.nasa.gov). DV and FL were supported by the
NASA Physical Oceanography program. SK was supported by the Russian
Federal Targeted program.
NR 33
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 12
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0278-4343
J9 CONT SHELF RES
JI Cont. Shelf Res.
PD SEP 1
PY 2013
VL 66
BP 92
EP 104
DI 10.1016/j.csr.2013.07.007
PG 13
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 222IL
UT WOS:000324724300010
ER
PT J
AU Blanco, GS
Morreale, SJ
Seminoff, JA
Paladino, FV
Piedra, R
Spotila, JR
AF Blanco, Gabriela S.
Morreale, Stephen J.
Seminoff, Jeffrey A.
Paladino, Frank V.
Piedra, Rotney
Spotila, James R.
TI Movements and diving behavior of internesting green turtles along
Pacific Costa Rica
SO INTEGRATIVE ZOOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Chelonia mydas; Costa Rica; East Pacific green turtle; internesting
period; satellite telemetry
ID MARINO-LAS-BAULAS; CHELONIA-MYDAS; LEATHERBACK TURTLES; SEA-TURTLES;
CARETTA-CARETTA; DERMOCHELYS-CORIACEA; ASCENSION ISLAND; SATELLITE
TRACKING; LOGGERHEAD TURTLES; DIVE PROFILES
AB Using satellite transmitters, we determined the internesting movements, spatial ecology and diving behavior of East Pacific green turtles (Chelonia mydas) nesting on Nombre de Jesus and Zapotillal beaches along the Pacific coast of northwestern Costa Rica. Kernel density analysis indicated that turtles spent most of their time in a particularly small area in the vicinity of the nesting beaches (50% utilization distribution was an area of 3 km(2)). Minimum daily distance traveled during a 12 day internesting period was 4.6 +/- 3.5 km. Dives were short and primarily occupied the upper 10 m of the water column. Turtles spent most of their time resting at the surface and conducting U-dives (ranging from 60 to 81% of the total tracking time involved in those activities). Turtles showed a strong diel pattern, U-dives mainly took place during the day and turtles spent a large amount of time resting at the surface at night. The lack of long-distance movements demonstrated that this area was heavily utilized by turtles during the nesting season and, therefore, was a crucial location for conservation of this highly endangered green turtle population. The unique behavior of these turtles in resting at the surface at night might make them particularly vulnerable to fishing activities near the nesting beaches.
C1 [Blanco, Gabriela S.; Spotila, James R.] Drexel Univ, Dept Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Morreale, Stephen J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Seminoff, Jeffrey A.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92038 USA.
[Paladino, Frank V.] Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Wayne, IN 46805 USA.
RP Spotila, JR (reprint author), Drexel Univ, Dept Biol, 3245 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
EM spotiljr@drexel.edu
FU L. D. Betz Chair of Environmental Science endowment of Drexel
University; Leatherback Trust
FX We thank principal investigators and field assistants who worked on the
leatherback sea turtle (Dermochelys coriacea Vandelli, 1761) project at
Las Baulas, particularly P. Santidrian Tomillo, T. Backoff and S.
Friederichs and principal investigators and field assistants who worked
on the black turtle project, especially E. Velez, E. Molina Matamoros
and W. Villachica Matamoros. We are grateful to park rangers of Parque
Nacional Marino Las Baulas, PNMB, Ministerio de Ambiente, Energia y
Telecomunicaciones (MINAET) and Earthwatch volunteers. This project was
funded by the L. D. Betz Chair of Environmental Science endowment of
Drexel University and the Leatherback Trust. We are especially grateful
to the Goldring Gund Marine Biology Station for providing accommodation
and research facilities. This project was conducted under MINAET permits
(ACT-PNMB-005-2007; ACT-SASP-PI-195; ACT-OR-D-050), approved by the
Animal Care Committee of Drexel University and conforms to the
provisions of the Declaration of Helsinki (as revised in Edinburgh
2000).
NR 59
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 34
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1749-4877
EI 1749-4869
J9 INTEGR ZOOL
JI Integr. Zool.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 3
BP 293
EP 306
DI 10.1111/j.1749-4877.2012.00298.x
PG 14
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 216QY
UT WOS:000324300200007
PM 24020468
ER
PT J
AU Hardwick, M
Zhao, YF
Proctor, FM
Nassehi, A
Xu, X
Venkatesh, S
Odendahl, D
Xu, L
Hedlind, M
Lundgren, M
Maggiano, L
Loffredo, D
Fritz, J
Olsson, B
Garrido, J
Brail, A
AF Hardwick, M.
Zhao, Y. F.
Proctor, F. M.
Nassehi, A.
Xu, Xun
Venkatesh, Sid
Odendahl, David
Xu, Leon
Hedlind, Mikael
Lundgren, Magnus
Maggiano, Larry
Loffredo, David
Fritz, Jochim
Olsson, Bengt
Garrido, Julio
Brail, Alain
TI A roadmap for STEP-NC-enabled interoperable manufacturing
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE ISO 10303; ISO 14649; STEP; STEP-NC; Data model; Manufacturing
processes; Product data
ID INTEGRATION; CNC
AB The STEP-NC-AP 238 and ISO 14649 standard is the result of a 10-year international effort to replace the RS274D (ISO 6983) G and M code standard with a modern associative language that connects the CAD design data used to determine the machining requirements for an operation with the CAM process data that is used in creating a machining solution to satisfy these requirements. STEP-NC builds on the previous 10 years effort to develop the STEP neutral data standard for CAD data, and uses the modern geometric constructs in that standard to specify device independent tool paths, and CAM independent volume removal features. STEP-Manufacturing, Team 24 in Working Group 3 (WG3) of ISO TC184/SC4, is developing and validating the STEP-NC standard in liaison with Working Group (WG7) of ISO TC184/SC1 who provides the domain-specific input (ISO 14649) used within the standard. This paper reviews the demonstrations carried out by STEP-Manufacturing over the past 10 years. These demonstrations have been international collaborations between industry, academia, and research agencies. Each demonstration focused on extending the STEP-NC data model for a different application.
C1 [Hardwick, M.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Comp Sci, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
[Zhao, Y. F.] McGill Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
[Proctor, F. M.] NIST, Intelligent Syst Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Nassehi, A.] Univ Bath, Dept Mech Engn, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, England.
[Xu, Xun] Univ Auckland, Dept Mech Engn, Auckland 1, New Zealand.
[Venkatesh, Sid; Odendahl, David; Xu, Leon] Boeing Co, Seattle, WA USA.
[Hedlind, Mikael; Lundgren, Magnus] KTH Royal Inst Technol, Sch Ind Engn & Management, Stockholm, Sweden.
[Maggiano, Larry] Mitutoyo Amer Corp, Aurora, IL USA.
[Loffredo, David; Fritz, Jochim] STEP Tools Inc, Troy, NY USA.
[Olsson, Bengt] Sandvik Coromant, Sandviken, Sweden.
[Garrido, Julio] Univ Vigo, Vigo 36310, Spain.
[Brail, Alain] Airbus, Madrid, France.
RP Zhao, YF (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
EM yaoyao.zhao@mcgill.ca
RI Nassehi, Aydin/C-6810-2008; Xu, Xun/K-7899-2015;
OI Nassehi, Aydin/0000-0003-3417-3391; Xu, Xun/0000-0001-6294-8153;
Hedlind, Mikael/0000-0002-8243-9505
NR 26
TC 3
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 22
PU SPRINGER LONDON LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, 6TH FLOOR, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 0268-3768
J9 INT J ADV MANUF TECH
JI Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 68
IS 5-8
BP 1023
EP 1037
DI 10.1007/s00170-013-4894-0
PG 15
WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Manufacturing
SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering
GA 216IU
UT WOS:000324276600006
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, DS
Ream, RR
Towell, RG
Williams, MT
Guerrero, JDL
AF Johnson, Devin S.
Ream, Rolf R.
Towell, Rod G.
Williams, Michael T.
Guerrero, Juan D. Leon
TI Bayesian Clustering of Animal Abundance Trends for Inference and
Dimension Reduction
SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL STATISTICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Distance-dependent Chinese restaurant process; Gaussian Markov random
fields; Ecological trends; Northern fur seal; Model-based clustering;
Dirichlet process prior; Spatio-temporal model
ID NORTHERN FUR-SEAL; DIRICHLET PROCESS MIXTURE; CALLORHINUS-URSINUS;
PRIBILOF ISLANDS; MODELS
AB We consider a model-based clustering approach to examining abundance trends in a metapopulation. When examining trends for an animal population with management goals in mind one is often interested in those segments of the population that behave similarly to one another with respect to abundance. Our proposed trend analysis incorporates a clustering method that is an extension of the classic Chinese Restaurant Process, and the associated Dirichlet process prior, which allows for inclusion of distance covariates between sites. This approach has two main benefits: (1) nonparametric spatial association of trends and (2) reduced dimension of the spatio-temporal trend process. We present a transdimensional Gibbs sampler for making Bayesian inference that is efficient in the sense that all of the full conditionals can be directly sampled from save one. To demonstrate the proposed method we examine long term trends in northern fur seal pup production at 19 rookeries in the Pribilof Islands, Alaska. There was strong evidence that clustering of similar year-to-year deviation from linear trends was associated with whether rookeries were located on the same island. Clustering of local linear trends did not seem to be strongly associated with any of the distance covariates. In the fur seal trends analysis an overwhelming proportion of the MCMC iterations produced a 73-79 % reduction in the dimension of the spatio-temporal trend process, depending on the number of cluster groups.
C1 [Johnson, Devin S.; Ream, Rolf R.; Towell, Rod G.] NOAA, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA USA.
[Williams, Michael T.; Guerrero, Juan D. Leon] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Anchorage, AK USA.
RP Johnson, DS (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA USA.
EM devin.johnson@noaa.gov
NR 22
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 12
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1085-7117
EI 1537-2693
J9 J AGR BIOL ENVIR ST
JI J. Agric. Biol. Environ. Stat.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 18
IS 3
BP 299
EP 313
DI 10.1007/s13253-013-0143-0
PG 15
WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational
Biology; Mathematics
GA 223VK
UT WOS:000324839400003
ER
PT J
AU Sun, DL
Yu, YY
Fang, L
Liu, YL
AF Sun, Donglian
Yu, Yunyue
Fang, Li
Liu, Yuling
TI Toward an Operational Land Surface Temperature Algorithm for GOES
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Algorithms; Data mining; Remote sensing; Satellite observations
ID SPLIT-WINDOW ALGORITHM; LABORATORY MEASUREMENTS; EMISSIVITY PRODUCTS;
UNITED-STATES; SATELLITE; MODIS; COVER; SPACE; RADIOMETER; RETRIEVAL
AB For most land surface temperature (LST) regression algorithms, a set of optimized coefficients is determined by manual separation of the different subdivisions of atmospheric and surface conditions. In this study, a machine-learning technique, the regression tree (RT) technique, is introduced with the aim of automatically finding these subranges and the thresholds for the stratification of regression coefficients. The use of RT techniques in LST retrieval has the potential to contribute to the determination of optimal regression relationships under different conditions. Because of the lack of split-window channels for the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) M-Q series (GOES-12-GOES-15, plus GOES-Q), a dual-window LST algorithm was developed by combining the infrared 11-mu m channel with the shortwave-infrared (SWIR) 3.9-mu m channel, which presents lower atmospheric absorption than does the infrared split-window channels (11 and 12 mu m). The RT technique was introduced to derive the regression models under different conditions. The algorithms were used to derive the LST product from GOES observations and were evaluated against the 2004 Surface Radiation budget network. The results indicate that the RT technique outperforms the traditional regression method.
C1 [Sun, Donglian; Fang, Li] George Mason Univ, Dept Geog & Geoinformat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Yu, Yunyue; Liu, Yuling] NOAA, NESDIS, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD USA.
RP Sun, DL (reprint author), George Mason Univ, MS 6C3,4400 Univ Dr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
EM dsun@gmu.edu
RI Yu, Yunyue/F-5636-2010
FU NOAA GIMPAP; PSDI Program [NA11NES4400012, NA12NES4400010]
FX This project was supported by the NOAA GIMPAP and PSDI Program under
Grants NA11NES4400012 and NA12NES4400010. Special thanks are given to
Dr. Simon Hook for providing the ASTER spectral data. We are grateful to
the reviewers for their constructive and helpful comments.
NR 46
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1558-8424
EI 1558-8432
J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM
JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 52
IS 9
BP 1974
EP 1986
DI 10.1175/JAMC-D-12-0132.1
PG 13
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 217YP
UT WOS:000324399700002
ER
PT J
AU Cintineo, JL
Pavolonis, MJ
Sieglaff, JM
Heidinger, AK
AF Cintineo, John L.
Pavolonis, Michael J.
Sieglaff, Justin M.
Heidinger, Andrew K.
TI Evolution of Severe and Nonsevere Convection Inferred from GOES-Derived
Cloud Properties
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Convective storms; Cumulus clouds; Cloud tracking; cloud motion winds;
Radars; Radar observations; Remote sensing; Satellite observations
ID SATELLITE DATA; UNITED-STATES; STORM INITIATION; WSR-88D; TRACKING;
RADAR; REFLECTIVITY; CLIMATOLOGY; INFORMATION; PERFORMANCE
AB Geostationary satellites [e.g., the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES)] provide high temporal resolution of cloud development and motion, which is essential to the study of many mesoscale phenomena, including thunderstorms. Initial research on thunderstorm growth with geostationary imagery focused on the mature stages of storm evolution, whereas more recent research on satellite-observed storm growth has concentrated on convective initiation, often defined arbitrarily as the presence of a given radar echo threshold. This paper seeks to link the temporal trends in robust GOES-derived cloud properties with the future occurrence of severe-weather radar signatures during the development phase of thunderstorm evolution, which includes convective initiation. Two classes of storms (severe and nonsevere) are identified and tracked over time in satellite imagery, providing distributions of satellite growth rates for each class. The relationship between the temporal trends in satellite-derived cloud properties and Next Generation Weather Radar (NEXRAD)-derived storm attributes is used to show that this satellite-based approach can potentially be used to extend severe-weather-warning lead times (with respect to radar-derived signatures), without a substantial increase in false alarms. In addition, the effect of varying temporal sampling is investigated on several storms during a period of GOES super-rapid-scan operations (SRSOR). It is found that, from a satellite perspective, storms evolve significantly on time scales shorter than the current GOES operational scan strategies.
C1 [Cintineo, John L.; Sieglaff, Justin M.] Univ Wisconsin, Cooperat Inst Meteorol Satellite Studies, Madison, WI USA.
[Pavolonis, Michael J.; Heidinger, Andrew K.] NOAA, Adv Satellite Prod Team, NESDIS, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Madison, WI USA.
RP Cintineo, JL (reprint author), Cooperat Inst Meteorol Satellite Studies, 1225 W Dayton St, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM jlc248@gmail.com
RI Pavolonis, Mike/F-5618-2010; Heidinger, Andrew/F-5591-2010
OI Pavolonis, Mike/0000-0001-5822-219X; Heidinger,
Andrew/0000-0001-7631-109X
FU NOAA/GIMPAP
FX The authors acknowledge NOAA/GIMPAP for support of this research, as
well as Valliappa Lakshmanan and Travis Smith at the University of
Oklahoma/NOAA NSSL for providing radar data. Three anonymous reviewers
also helped to improve the quality of this manuscript. The views,
opinions, and findings contained in this report are those of the
author(s) and should not be construed as an official National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration or U.S. government position, policy, or
decision.
NR 46
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 12
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1558-8424
J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM
JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 52
IS 9
BP 2009
EP 2023
DI 10.1175/JAMC-D-12-0330.1
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 217YP
UT WOS:000324399700005
ER
PT J
AU Vernier, JP
Fairlie, TD
Murray, JJ
Tupper, A
Trepte, C
Winker, D
Pelon, J
Garnier, A
Jumelet, J
Pavolonis, M
Omar, AH
Powell, KA
AF Vernier, J. -P.
Fairlie, T. D.
Murray, J. J.
Tupper, A.
Trepte, C.
Winker, D.
Pelon, J.
Garnier, A.
Jumelet, J.
Pavolonis, M.
Omar, A. H.
Powell, K. A.
TI An Advanced System to Monitor the 3D Structure of Diffuse Volcanic Ash
Clouds
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Aerosols; Satellite observations; Transportation meteorology
ID DISPERSION MODEL; RETRIEVAL; AEROSOLS; LIDAR; IASI
AB Major disruptions of the aviation system from recent volcanic eruptions have intensified discussions about and increased the international consensus toward improving volcanic ash warnings. Central to making progress is to better discern low volcanic ash loadings and to describe the ash cloud structure more accurately in three-dimensional space and time. Here, dispersed volcanic ash observed by the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) space-based lidar near 20 000-40 000 ft [~(6-13) km] over Australia and New Zealand during June 2011 is studied. This ash event took place 3 weeks after the Puyehue-Cordon Caulle eruption, which disrupted air traffic in much of the Southern Hemisphere. The volcanic ash layers are shown to exhibit color ratios (1064/532 nm) near 0.5, significantly lower than unity, as is observed with ice. Those optical properties are used to develop an ash detection algorithm. A "trajectory mapping" technique is then demonstrated wherein ash cloud observations are ingested into a Lagrangian model and used to construct ash dispersion maps and cross sections. Comparisons of the model results with independent observations suggest that the model successfully reproduces the 3D structure of volcanic ash clouds. This technique has a potential operational application in providing important additional information to worldwide volcanic ash advisory centers.
C1 [Vernier, J. -P.; Garnier, A.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Hampton, VA 23666 USA.
[Vernier, J. -P.; Fairlie, T. D.; Murray, J. J.; Trepte, C.; Winker, D.; Garnier, A.; Omar, A. H.; Powell, K. A.] NASA Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA USA.
[Tupper, A.] Australian Bur Meteorol, Northern Terr Reg Off, Casuarina, NT, Australia.
[Pelon, J.; Jumelet, J.] Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Univ Versailles St Quentin, Lab Atmospheres,INSU, Paris, France.
[Pavolonis, M.] NOAA, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Madison, WI USA.
RP Vernier, JP (reprint author), Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, 11 Langley Blvd, Hampton, VA 23666 USA.
EM jeanpaul.vernier@nasa.gov
RI Pavolonis, Mike/F-5618-2010; Omar, Ali/D-7102-2017
OI Pavolonis, Mike/0000-0001-5822-219X; Omar, Ali/0000-0003-1871-9235
NR 39
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 31
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1558-8424
J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM
JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 52
IS 9
BP 2125
EP 2138
DI 10.1175/JAMC-D-12-0279.1
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 217YP
UT WOS:000324399700013
ER
PT J
AU Zachry, BC
Schroeder, JL
Kennedy, AB
Westerink, JJ
Letchford, CW
Hope, ME
AF Zachry, Brian C.
Schroeder, John L.
Kennedy, Andrew B.
Westerink, Joannes J.
Letchford, Chris W.
Hope, Mark E.
TI A Case Study of Nearshore Drag Coefficient Behavior during Hurricane Ike
(2008)
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Boundary layer; Storm surges; Tropical cyclones; Air-sea interaction
ID SURFACE WIND FIELDS; STORM-SURGE; BOUNDARY-LAYERS; ANDREW LANDFALL;
SOUTH FLORIDA; ROUGHNESS; WAVES; PREDICTION; EXCHANGE; SYSTEM
AB Over the past decade, numerous field campaigns and laboratory experiments have examined air-sea momentum exchange in the deep ocean. These studies have changed the understanding of drag coefficient behavior in hurricane force winds, with a general consensus that a limiting value is reached. Near the shore, wave conditions are markedly different than in deep water because of wave shoaling and breaking processes, but only very limited data exist to assess drag coefficient behavior. Yet, knowledge of the wind stress in this region is critical for storm surge forecasting, evaluating the low-level wind field across the coastal transition zone, and informing the wind load standard along the hurricane-prone coastline. During Hurricane Ike (2008), a Texas Tech University StickNet platform obtained wind measurements in marine exposure with a fetch across the Houston ship channel. These data were used to estimate drag coefficient dependence on wind speed. Wave conditions in the ship channel and surge level at the StickNet location were simulated using the Simulating Waves Nearshore Model coupled to the Advanced Circulation Model. The simulated waves were indicative of a fetch-limited condition with maximum significant wave heights reaching 1.5 m and peak periods of 4 s. A maximum surge depth of 0.6 m inundated the StickNet. Similar to deep water studies, findings indicate that the drag coefficient reaches a limiting value at wind speeds near hurricane force. However, at wind speeds below hurricane force, the drag coefficient is higher than that of deep water datasets, particularly at the slowest wind speeds.
C1 [Zachry, Brian C.; Schroeder, John L.] Texas Tech Univ, Wind Sci & Engn Res Ctr, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Kennedy, Andrew B.; Westerink, Joannes J.; Hope, Mark E.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Civil & Environm Engn & Earth Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Letchford, Chris W.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Troy, NY USA.
RP Zachry, BC (reprint author), Natl Hurricane Ctr, Storm Surge Unit, Miami, FL 33165 USA.
EM brian.zachry@noaa.gov
RI Kennedy, Andrew/E-4746-2011
OI Kennedy, Andrew/0000-0002-7254-1346
FU National Science Foundation Interdisciplinary Graduate Research and
Training (IGERT) program [0221688]; Texas Tech University
FX Funding support for the lead author was provided by the National Science
Foundation Interdisciplinary Graduate Research and Training (IGERT)
program under Grant 0221688 and by Texas Tech University.
NR 32
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 10
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1558-8424
J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM
JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 52
IS 9
BP 2139
EP 2146
DI 10.1175/JAMC-D-12-0321.1
PG 8
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 217YP
UT WOS:000324399700014
ER
PT J
AU Brown, CW
Hood, RR
Long, W
Jacobs, J
Ramers, DL
Wazniak, C
Wiggert, JD
Wood, R
Xu, J
AF Brown, C. W.
Hood, R. R.
Long, W.
Jacobs, J.
Ramers, D. L.
Wazniak, C.
Wiggert, J. D.
Wood, R.
Xu, J.
TI Ecological forecasting in Chesapeake Bay: Using a mechanistic-empirical
modeling approach
SO JOURNAL OF MARINE SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Ecological forecasting; Ocean prediction; ROMS; Algal blooms; Pathogenic
bacteria; USA; Maryland/Virginia/Delaware; Chesapeake Bay
ID PATHOGENIC VIBRIO-PARAHAEMOLYTICUS; PARTIALLY MIXED ESTUARY;
GULF-OF-MEXICO; PROROCENTRUM-MINIMUM; CHRYSAORA-QUINQUECIRRHA;
CRASSOSTREA-VIRGINICA; SPECIES DISTRIBUTION; DATA ASSIMILATION;
UNITED-STATES; GAP ANALYSIS
AB The Chesapeake Bay Ecological Prediction System (CBEPS) automatically generates daily nowcasts and three-day forecasts of several environmental variables, such as sea-surface temperature and salinity, the concentrations of chlorophyll, nitrate, and dissolved oxygen, and the likelihood of encountering several noxious species, including harmful algal blooms and water-borne pathogens, for the purpose of monitoring the Bay's ecosystem. While the physical and biogeochemical variables are forecast mechanistically using the Regional Ocean Modeling System configured for the Chesapeake Bay, the species predictions are generated using a novel mechanistic-empirical approach, whereby real-time output from the coupled physical-biogeochemical model drives multivariate empirical habitat models of the target species. The predictions, in the form of digital images, are available via the World Wide Web to interested groups to guide recreational, management, and research activities. Though full validation of the integrated forecasts for all species is still a work in progress, we argue that the mechanistic-empirical approach can be used to generate a wide variety of short-term ecological forecasts, and that it can be applied in any marine system where sufficient data exist to develop empirical habitat models. This paper provides an overview of this system, its predictions, and the approach taken. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Brown, C. W.] NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD USA.
[Hood, R. R.; Long, W.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Horn Point Lab, Cambridge, MD USA.
[Jacobs, J.; Wood, R.] NOAA, Cooperat Oxford Lab, Oxford, MD USA.
[Ramers, D. L.] Univ Evansville, Evansville, IN 47722 USA.
[Wazniak, C.] Maryland Dept Nat Resources, Annapolis, MD USA.
[Wiggert, J. D.] Univ So Mississippi, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA.
[Xu, J.] NOAA, Coast Survey Dev Lab, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Brown, CW (reprint author), CICS, ESSIC, Suite 4001,M Sq Off Bldg,5825 Univ Res Court,Bldg, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM christopher.w.brown@noaa.gov
RI Brown, Christopher/B-8213-2008
OI Brown, Christopher/0000-0002-9905-6391
FU NOAA Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research's Monitoring for Event
Response for Harmful Algal Bloom (MERHAB) [NA05NOS4781222,
NA05NOS4781226, NA05NOS4781227, NA05NOS4781229]; NOAA EcoForecasting
Program; NOAA Center for Satellite Applications and Research; Maryland
Sea Grant
FX The authors thank Lyon Lanerolle, Bruce Michaels, Mike Naylor, Ragu
Murtugudde, M. Bala Krishna Prasad, and Peter Tango for their assistance
in the development of CBEPS. We also thank the anonymous reviewer for
comments that improved an earlier version of this manuscirpt. Funding
for the development of this system was primarily provided by the NOAA
Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research's Monitoring for Event
Response for Harmful Algal Bloom (MERHAB) program (NA05NOS4781222,
NA05NOS4781226, NA05NOS4781227, and NA05NOS4781229). Additional support
was provided by the NOAA EcoForecasting Program, the NOAA Center for
Satellite Applications and Research, and Maryland Sea Grant. This is
MERHAB publication 160 and UMCES contribution no. 4710. The views,
opinions, and findings contained in this report are those of the authors
and should not be construed as an official NOAA or U.S. Government
position, policy, or decision.
NR 70
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 15
U2 44
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0924-7963
J9 J MARINE SYST
JI J. Mar. Syst.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 125
SI SI
BP 113
EP 125
DI 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2012.12.007
PG 13
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
SC Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 221NX
UT WOS:000324666700011
ER
PT J
AU Lyons, K
Carlisle, A
Preti, A
Mull, C
Blasius, M
O'Sullivan, J
Winkler, C
Lowe, CG
AF Lyons, Kady
Carlisle, Aaron
Preti, Antonella
Mull, Christopher
Blasius, Mary
O'Sullivan, John
Winkler, Chuck
Lowe, Christopher G.
TI Effects of trophic ecology and habitat use on maternal transfer of
contaminants in four species of young of the year lamniform sharks
SO MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Maternal offloading; Elasmobranch; Trophic ecology; Bioaccumulation;
Organochlorine; Metals
ID SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA BIGHT; DOLPHINS TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; PACIFIC KILLER
WHALES; CARCHARODON-CARCHARIAS; WHITE SHARKS; EASTERN PACIFIC; MARINE
MAMMALS; LAMNA-DITROPIS; ORGANOCHLORINE CONTAMINANTS; POLYCHLORINATED
BIPHENYL
AB Organic contaminant and total mercury concentrations were compared in four species of lamniform sharks over several age classes to examine bioaccumulation patterns and gain insights into trophic ecology. Contaminants found in young of the year (YOY) sharks were assumed to be derived from maternal sources and used as a proxy to investigate factors that influence maternal offloading processes. YOY white (Carcharodon carcharias) and mako (Isurus oxyrinchus) sharks had comparable and significantly higher concentrations of PCBs, DDTs, pesticides, and mercury than YOY thresher (Alopias vulpinus) or salmon (Lamna ditropis) sharks. A significant positive relationship was found between YOY contaminant loads and maternal trophic position, suggesting that trophic ecology is one factor that plays an important role in maternal offloading. Differences in organic contaminant signatures and contaminant concentration magnitudes among species corroborated what is known about species habitat use and may be used to provide insights into the feeding ecology of these animals. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lyons, Kady; Blasius, Mary; Lowe, Christopher G.] Calif State Univ Long Beach, Long Beach, CA 90840 USA.
[Carlisle, Aaron] Stanford Univ, Hopkins Marine Stn, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
[Preti, Antonella] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92038 USA.
[Mull, Christopher] Simon Fraser Univ, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
[O'Sullivan, John] Monterey Bay Aquarium, Monterey, CA USA.
[Winkler, Chuck] Southern Calif Marine Inst, Terminal Isl, CA USA.
RP Lyons, K (reprint author), Calif State Univ Long Beach, Long Beach, CA 90840 USA.
EM kady.lyons@sbcglobal.net
FU Monterey Bay Aquarium; USC SeaGrant/Ocean Protection Council
FX The authors thank S. Kohin, J. Wraith, NOAA-NMFS Highly Migratory
Species Laboratory at SWFSC, NMFS Southwest Region Fishery Observer
Program and the participating drift gillnet fishermen, K. Dickson, K.
Newton, S. Suk, and members of the CSULB rapid response team for
assistance in the collection of tissue samples as well as IIRMES and
PHYSIS staff (A. Hamilton, C. Waggoner, V. Lorenzi, J. Reyes, R.
Gossett, P. Hershelman, and L Vaki) for their laboratory assistance. The
authors thank Monterey Bay Aquarium and USC SeaGrant/Ocean Protection
Council for funding this research.
NR 84
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 10
U2 51
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0141-1136
J9 MAR ENVIRON RES
JI Mar. Environ. Res.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 90
BP 27
EP 38
DI 10.1016/j.marenvres.2013.05.009
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Toxicology
GA 220TQ
UT WOS:000324610200004
PM 23773783
ER
PT J
AU Friedland, KD
Kane, J
Hare, JA
Lough, RG
Fratantoni, PS
Fogarty, MJ
Nye, JA
AF Friedland, Kevin D.
Kane, Joe
Hare, Jonathan A.
Lough, R. Gregory
Fratantoni, Paula S.
Fogarty, Michael J.
Nye, Janet A.
TI Thermal habitat constraints on zooplankton species associated with
Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) on the US Northeast Continental Shelf
SO PROGRESS IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Review
ID HADDOCK MELANOGRAMMUS-AEGLEFINUS; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; GEORGES-BANK;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; COPEPOD POPULATIONS; FISH
ASSEMBLAGE; UNITED-STATES; WESTERN GULF; LARVAL LIFE
AB The US Northeast Continental Shelf is experiencing a period of increasing temperature levels and range, which impacts the quantity of thermal habitats within the ecosystem. With increasing temperatures, the amount of warmer, surface water thermal habitats (16-27 degrees C) has increased while there has been a reciprocal decline in cooler water habitats (5-15 degrees C). These cooler water habitats are the most abundant and comprise the core habitats of the ecosystem. The coldest thermal habitats (1-4 degrees C), however, have increased slightly in amount or have remained constant, reflecting a discontinuity in the progression of warming along a latitudinal gradient. This discontinuity may be the result of recent changes in the circulation of water masses in the northern Gulf of Maine, potentially associated with the Labrador Current. The contraction of core thermal habitats appears to have had biological consequences on multiple trophic levels. In particular, two zooplankton species associated with the larval feeding of Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua, have declined in abundance in the same areas where cod populations have exhibited continually poor recruitment. The zooplankton species group Pseudocalanus spp., which is associated with winter-spawning cod, has declined on Georges Bank and in the Eastern Gulf of Maine. The zooplankton Centro-pages typicus has declined in the Gulf of Maine during late summer into fall, potentially affecting spring-spawning cod in that area. These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that portions of the population complex of cod have lower reproductive output due to changes in zooplankton abundance, which we associate with the distribution of temperatures within the ecosystem. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Friedland, Kevin D.; Kane, Joe; Hare, Jonathan A.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
[Lough, R. Gregory; Fratantoni, Paula S.; Fogarty, Michael J.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Nye, Janet A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
RP Friedland, KD (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 28 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
EM kevin.friedland@noaa.gov
NR 77
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 35
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0079-6611
J9 PROG OCEANOGR
JI Prog. Oceanogr.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 116
BP 1
EP 13
DI 10.1016/j.pocean.2013.05.011
PG 13
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 218TO
UT WOS:000324455600001
ER
PT J
AU Davison, PC
Checkley, DM
Koslow, JA
Barlow, J
AF Davison, P. C.
Checkley, D. M., Jr.
Koslow, J. A.
Barlow, J.
TI Carbon export mediated by mesopelagic fishes in the northeast Pacific
Ocean
SO PROGRESS IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Review
ID DIEL-MIGRANT MESOZOOPLANKTON; SOUND-SCATTERING LAYER; CANARY ISLAND
WATERS; SUB-ARCTIC PACIFIC; MIDWATER FISHES; FEEDING ECOLOGY;
VERTICAL-DISTRIBUTION; SOUTHERN-CALIFORNIA; EQUATORIAL PACIFIC;
ACTIVE-TRANSPORT
AB The role of fishes in the global carbon cycle is poorly known and often neglected. We show that the biomass of mesopelagic fishes off the continental USA west to longitude 141 degrees W is positively related to annual net primary productivity, and averages 17 g m(-2). We estimate the export of carbon out of the epipelagic ocean mediated by mesopelagic fishes ("fish-mediated export"; FME) with individual-based metabolic modeling using the catch from 77 mesopelagic trawls distributed over the study area. FME was 15-17% (22-24 mg C m(-2) d(-1)) of the total carbon exported in the study area (144 mg C m(-2) d(-1)), as estimated from satellite data. FME varies spatially in both magnitude and relative importance. Although the magnitude of FME increases with increasing total export, the ratio of FME to total export decreases. FME exceeds 40% of the total carbon export in the oligotrophic North Pacific Subtropical Gyre, but forms <10% of the total export in the most productive waters of the California Current. Because the daytime residence depth of these fishes is below the depths where most remineralization of sinking particles occurs, FME is approximately equal to the passive transport at a depth of 400 m. The active transport of carbon by mesopelagic fishes and zooplankton is similar in magnitude to the gap between estimates of carbon export obtained with sediment traps and by other methods. FME should be considered in models of the global carbon cycle. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Davison, P. C.; Checkley, D. M., Jr.; Koslow, J. A.; Barlow, J.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Barlow, J.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Davison, PC (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM pdavison@ucsd.edu
FU Moore Foundation; NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship; University of
California Ship Funds; Project Kaisei/Ocean Voyages Institute; NSF IGERT
Grant [0333444]
FX Funding for the MOHT was provided by the Moore Foundation. P. Davison
was supported by a NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship. Funding for
the SEAPLEX cruise was provided by University of California Ship Funds,
Project Kaisei/Ocean Voyages Institute, and NSF IGERT Grant #0333444.
Wire time for midwater trawling was provided by the California Current
Ecosystem LTER site, supported by NSF, and by NOAA. Chemicals,
equipment, and laboratory space were provided by the SIO Marine
Vertebrate and Pelagic Invertebrate Collections. The authors thank the
captains, crews, and science parties of the R/V Melville, R/V New
Horizon, and NOAA Ship McArthur II for assistance deploying the trawls
and processing the samples. G. Watters, A. Henry, and D. Griffith
provided gear and assistance for the ORCAWALE cruise. A. Suntsov
performed similar to 40% of the ORCAWALE IKMT trawls. J. Cox, I.
Ionescu, J. Blackburn, S. Lyday, and L. Carswell assisted with ORCAWALE
IKMT trawling. C. Klepadlo from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography
Marine Vertebrate Collection helped with the identification of
mesopelagic fishes. R. Raymond provided assistance processing some of
the samples. J. Liu and A. Lara-Lopez assisted the CCE-LTER MOHT
trawling. A. Netburn provided helpful feedback on the manuscript.
NR 137
TC 35
Z9 39
U1 6
U2 27
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0079-6611
J9 PROG OCEANOGR
JI Prog. Oceanogr.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 116
BP 14
EP 30
DI 10.1016/j.pocean.2013.05.013
PG 17
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 218TO
UT WOS:000324455600002
ER
PT J
AU Ruzicka, JJ
Steele, JH
Ballerini, T
Gaichas, SK
Ainley, DG
AF Ruzicka, James J.
Steele, John H.
Ballerini, Tosca
Gaichas, Sarah K.
Ainley, David G.
TI Dividing up the pie: Whales, fish, and humans as competitors
SO PROGRESS IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Review
ID SOUTHERN-OCEAN; BALEEN WHALES; ECOSYSTEM; KRILL; VARIABILITY;
POPULATION; ANTARCTICA; ABUNDANCE; FISHERIES; ECOPATH
AB Similarly structured food web models of four coastal ecosystems (Northern California Current, Central Gulf of Alaska, Georges Bank, southwestern Antarctic Peninsula) were used to investigate competition among whales, fishes, pinnipeds, and humans. Two analysis strategies simulated the effects of historic baleen and odontocete whale abundances across all trophic levels: food web structure scenarios and time-dynamic scenarios. Direct competition between whales and commercial fisheries is small at current whale abundances; whales and fisheries each take similar proportions of annual pelagic fish production (4-7%). Scenarios show that as whale populations grow, indirect competition between whales and fish for zooplankton would more likely impact fishery production than would direct competition for fish between whales and commercial fisheries. Increased baleen whale abundance would have greater and broader indirect effects on upper trophic levels and fisheries than a similar increase in odontocete abundance. Time-dynamic scenarios, which allow for the evolution of compensatory mechanisms, showed more modest impacts than structural scenarios, which show the immediate impacts of altered energy pathways.
Structural scenarios show that in terms of energy availability, there is potential for large increases in whale abundance without major changes to existing food web structures and without substantial reduction of fishery production. For each ecosystem, a five-fold increase in baleen whale abundance could be supported with minor disruptions to existing energy flow pathways. However, such an increase would remain below historical population levels for many cetaceans. A larger expansion (20X) could be accommodated only with large reductions in energy flow to competitor groups. The scope for odontocete expansion varies between ecosystems but may be more restricted than the scope for baleen expansion because they feed at higher, less productive trophic levels. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ruzicka, James J.] Oregon State Univ, Cooperat Inst Marine Resources Studies, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Steele, John H.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Marine Policy Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Ballerini, Tosca] Aix Marseille Univ, Mediterranean Inst Oceanog, Inst Pytheas, CNRS,IRD, Marseille, France.
[Gaichas, Sarah K.] NOAA, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Ainley, David G.] HT Harvey & Associates, Los Gatos, CA 95032 USA.
RP Ruzicka, JJ (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Cooperat Inst Marine Resources Studies, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, 2030 Marine Sci Dr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
EM Jim.Ruzicka@oregonstate.edu
FU NSF GLOBEC Pan-regional Synthesis Program [NSF 0814494]; NSF [ANT
0944411]
FX We would like to thank the pelagic survey data collectors for the
Northern California Current model: C. Morgan, J. Lamb, J. Keister, M.
Litz, R. Emmett, E. Daly, J. Zamon, C. Sells, and the Bonneville Power
Administration. K. Aydin developed the model code for the dynamic
scenario analyses used in this project, and contributed to CGoA model
construction. T. Conlin developed the coding for Monte Carlo analyses on
the University of Oregon ACISS computing cluster. S. Strom contributed
data and expertise to re-parameterizing lower trophic level interactions
in the CGoA and other models. This study was supported by a grant from
the NSF GLOBEC Pan-regional Synthesis Program (NSF 0814494), and NSF ANT
0944411 to DGA. This is US GLOBEC contribution 731.
NR 52
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 5
U2 76
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0079-6611
J9 PROG OCEANOGR
JI Prog. Oceanogr.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 116
BP 207
EP 219
DI 10.1016/j.pocean.2013.07.009
PG 13
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 218TO
UT WOS:000324455600014
ER
PT J
AU Armstrong, AA
AF Armstrong, Andrew A.
TI New Competence Standards For Growing Survey Needs
SO SEA TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Univ New Hampshire, NOAA, Joint Hydrog Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
RP Armstrong, AA (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, NOAA, Joint Hydrog Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU COMPASS PUBLICATIONS, INC
PI ARLINGTON
PA 1501 WILSON BLVD., STE 1001, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-2403 USA
SN 0093-3651
J9 SEA TECHNOL
JI Sea Technol.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 54
IS 9
BP 7
EP 7
PG 1
WC Engineering, Ocean
SC Engineering
GA 225PW
UT WOS:000324975800001
ER
PT J
AU Neumann, D
AF Neumann, Daniel
TI Archived Hydrographic Smooth Sheet And Bottom Sample Recovery NOAA
Metadata Accessible via Open, Integrated Database
SO SEA TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Neumann, Daniel] NOAA, Off Coast Survey, Washington, DC USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU COMPASS PUBLICATIONS, INC
PI ARLINGTON
PA 1501 WILSON BLVD., STE 1001, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-2403 USA
SN 0093-3651
J9 SEA TECHNOL
JI Sea Technol.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 54
IS 9
BP 33
EP 35
PG 3
WC Engineering, Ocean
SC Engineering
GA 225PW
UT WOS:000324975800006
ER
PT J
AU Stein, D
Taylor, C
Fahey, K
AF Stein, David
Taylor, Christine
Fahey, Kitty
TI Decision-Making on Offshore Renewable Energy Sites National Need for
Integrated Marine Information System
SO SEA TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Stein, David; Fahey, Kitty] NOAA, Coastal Serv Ctr, Washington, DC USA.
RP Stein, D (reprint author), NOAA, Coastal Serv Ctr, Washington, DC USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 6
PU COMPASS PUBLICATIONS, INC
PI ARLINGTON
PA 1501 WILSON BLVD., STE 1001, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-2403 USA
SN 0093-3651
J9 SEA TECHNOL
JI Sea Technol.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 54
IS 9
BP 49
EP +
PG 3
WC Engineering, Ocean
SC Engineering
GA 225PW
UT WOS:000324975800010
ER
PT J
AU Schultz, TF
Fitzpatrick, CK
Freshwater, DW
Morris, JA
AF Schultz, Thomas F.
Fitzpatrick, Cristin Keelin
Freshwater, D. Wilson
Morris, James A., Jr.
TI Characterization of 18 polymorphic microsatellite loci from invasive
lionfish (Pterois volitans and P-miles)
SO CONSERVATION GENETICS RESOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Invasive species; Lionfish microsatellites; Pterois volitans; Pterois
miles
ID ATLANTIC; SOFTWARE; WINDOWS; LINUX; COAST
AB Lionfish (Pterois volitans and Pterois miles) are the first non-native marine reef fish to become established in the Western North Atlantic and Caribbean Sea. Next-generation sequencing techniques were employed to identify 18 polymorphic microsatellite loci for P. volitans and P. miles from waters off North Carolina, USA. Allele frequencies for all 18 loci conformed to Hardy-Weinberg expectations after correction for multiple comparisons, the number of alleles ranged from 2 to 20 (mean = 7.1), and observed heterozygosities ranged from 0.200 to 0.938 (mean H-o = 0.636). All 18 loci cross-amplified DNAs from representative haplotypes of both P. volitans and P. miles, and the vast majority of alleles were shared. These are the first highly polymorphic nuclear markers described for invasive lionfish and will be useful for characterizing population connectivity and monitoring the progress of the invasion on reef habitats of the Western Atlantic.
C1 [Schultz, Thomas F.; Fitzpatrick, Cristin Keelin] Duke Univ, Marine Lab, Nicholas Sch Environm, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
[Freshwater, D. Wilson] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Marine Sci, Wilmington, NC 28409 USA.
[Morris, James A., Jr.] NOAA, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Ctr Coastal Fisheries & Habitat Res, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
RP Schultz, TF (reprint author), Duke Univ, Marine Lab, Nicholas Sch Environm, 135 Marine Lab Rd, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
EM Tom.Schultz@duke.edu
OI Schultz, Thomas/0000-0001-9694-9920
FU Rachel Carson Scholar Program at the Duke University Marine Laboratory;
North Carolina SeaGrant award [2010-1706-09]; NSF award [DEB-0742437];
NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science
FX CKF was supported in part by the Rachel Carson Scholar Program at the
Duke University Marine Laboratory. This work was supported by a North
Carolina SeaGrant award to TFS (Grant # 2010-1706-09), NSF award
DEB-0742437 to DWF, and the NOAA National Centers for Coastal Ocean
Science. The scientific results and conclusions, as well as any views or
opinions expressed herein, are those of the author(s) and do not
necessarily reflect the views of NOAA or the Department of Commerce.
NR 16
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 32
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1877-7252
EI 1877-7260
J9 CONSERV GENET RESOUR
JI Conserv. Genet. Resour.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 5
IS 3
BP 599
EP 601
DI 10.1007/s12686-013-9860-5
PG 3
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
GA 194GT
UT WOS:000322619900001
ER
PT J
AU Pritchard, VL
Garza, JC
AF Pritchard, Victoria L.
Garza, John Carlos
TI Discovery and characterization of novel genetic markers for coastal
cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii)
SO CONSERVATION GENETICS RESOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Single nucleotide polymorphism; Coastal cutthroat trout; Oncorhynchus
clarkii
ID SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; MYKISS; STEELHEAD
AB Coastal cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii), native to the west coast of North America, has declined over much of its range. Population genetic studies can aid conservation, but few suitable markers have been available. We describe 62 novel single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers variable in coastal cutthroat trout. We additionally show that 22 SNPs previously identified in other taxa are also polymorphic in the subspecies. These 84 SNP assays are the first to be developed for coastal cutthroat trout and will be a useful tool in coastal cutthroat trout management.
C1 [Pritchard, Victoria L.; Garza, John Carlos] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Pritchard, Victoria L.; Garza, John Carlos] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Garza, JC (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 110 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM carlos.garza@noaa.gov
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 7
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1877-7252
J9 CONSERV GENET RESOUR
JI Conserv. Genet. Resour.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 5
IS 3
BP 611
EP 618
DI 10.1007/s12686-013-9863-2
PG 8
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
GA 194GT
UT WOS:000322619900004
ER
PT J
AU Cohen, HB
Briggs, KT
Marino, JP
Ravid, K
Robson, SC
Mosser, DM
AF Cohen, Heather B.
Briggs, Katharine T.
Marino, John P.
Ravid, Katya
Robson, Simon C.
Mosser, David M.
TI Toll-like receptor stimulated macrophages intrinsically control
inflammatory cytokine production via CD39-based mechanism
SO CYTOKINE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Joint Conference of the International-Cytokine-Society and the
International-Society-for-Interferon-and-Cytokine-Research
CY SEP 29-OCT 03, 2013
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Int Cytokine Soc, Int Soc Interferon & Cytokine Res
C1 [Cohen, Heather B.; Mosser, David M.] Univ Maryland, Coll Pk Dept Cell Biol & Mol Genet, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Cohen, Heather B.; Mosser, David M.] Maryland Pathogen Res Inst, College Pk, MD USA.
[Briggs, Katharine T.; Marino, John P.] Inst Biosci & Biotechnol Res, Rockville, MD USA.
[Marino, John P.] NIST, Rockville, MD USA.
[Ravid, Katya] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02118 USA.
[Robson, Simon C.] Harvard Univ, Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
RI Mosser, David/I-6697-2016
OI Mosser, David/0000-0002-9503-4187
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 1043-4666
J9 CYTOKINE
JI Cytokine
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 63
IS 3
SI SI
BP 255
EP 255
DI 10.1016/j.cyto.2013.06.054
PG 1
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Immunology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Immunology
GA 212WO
UT WOS:000324013700063
ER
PT J
AU Zhou, LM
Tian, YH
Chen, HS
Dai, YJ
Harris, RA
AF Zhou, Liming
Tian, Yuhong
Chen, Haishan
Dai, Yongjiu
Harris, Ronald A.
TI Effects of Topography on Assessing Wind Farm Impacts Using MODIS Data
SO EARTH INTERACTIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Wind farm impact; Empirical orthogonal function; Land surface
temperature
ID SURFACE TEMPERATURES; SATELLITE
AB This paper uses the empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis to decompose satellite-derived nighttime land surface temperature (LST) for the period of 2003-11 into spatial patterns of different scales and thus to identify whether (i) there is a pattern of LST change associated with the development of wind farms and (ii) the warming effect over wind farms reported previously is an artifact of varied surface topography. Spatial pattern and time series analysis methods are also used to supplement and compare with the EOF results. Two equal-sized regions with similar topography in west-central Texas are chosen to represent the wind farm region (WFR) and nonwind farm region (NWFR), respectively. Results indicate that the nighttime warming effect seen in the first mode (EOF1) in WFR very likely represents the wind farm impacts due to its spatial coupling with the wind turbines, which are generally built on topographic high ground. The time series associated with the EOF1 mode in WFR also shows a persistent upward trend over wind farms from 2003 to 2011, corresponding to the increase of operating wind turbines with time. Also, the wind farm pixels show a warming effect that differs statistically significantly from their upwind high-elevation pixels and their downwind nonwind farm pixels at similar elevations, and this warming effect decreases with elevation. In contrast, NWFR shows a decrease in LST with increasing surface elevation and no warming effects over high-elevation ridges, indicating that the presence of wind farms in WFR has changed the LST-elevation relationship shown in NWFR. The elevation impacts on Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) LST, if any, are much smaller and statistically insignificant than the strong and persistent signal of wind farm impacts. These results provide further observational evidence of the warming effect of wind farms reported previously.
C1 [Zhou, Liming; Harris, Ronald A.] SUNY Albany, Dept Atmospher & Environm Sci, Albany, NY 12222 USA.
[Tian, Yuhong] NOAA, IMSG, NESDIS, STAR, College Pk, MD USA.
[Chen, Haishan] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Minist Educ, Key Lab Meteorol Disaster, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Dai, Yongjiu] Beijing Normal Univ, Sch Geog, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
RP Zhou, LM (reprint author), SUNY Albany, Dept Atmospher & Environm Sci, 1400 Washington Ave, Albany, NY 12222 USA.
EM lzhou@albany.edu
RI Zhou, Liming/A-2688-2012; Dai, Yongjiu/D-6261-2014;
OI Dai, Yongjiu/0000-0002-3588-6644; Chen, Haishan/0000-0002-2403-3187
FU University at Albany; State University of New York; National Science
Foundation [NSF AGS-1247137]; National Basic Research Program of China
[2011CB952000]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [40875062];
Ministry of Education; State Administration for Foreign Experts Affairs
of China
FX We are grateful to two anonymous reviewers for their constructive
comments, which have helped to substantially improve the paper. This
study was supported by the startup funds provided by University at
Albany, State University of New York and by National Science Foundation
(NSF AGS-1247137). H. Chen was supported by the National Basic Research
Program of China (Grant 2011CB952000). Y. Dai was supported by the
National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 40875062 and
the 111 Project of Ministry of Education and State Administration for
Foreign Experts Affairs of China.
NR 26
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 28
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1087-3562
J9 EARTH INTERACT
JI Earth Interact.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 17
AR 13
DI 10.1175/2012EI000510.1
PG 18
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 215WK
UT WOS:000324241400001
ER
PT J
AU Fay, G
Punt, AE
AF Fay, Gavin
Punt, Andre E.
TI Methods for estimating spatial trends in Steller sea lion pup production
using the Kalman filter
SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Alaska; Eumetopias jubatus; Kalman filter; model mis-specification;
northern sea lion; simulation testing; spatial correlation; state-space
models; stock structure; trend estimation
ID TIME-SERIES ANALYSIS; STATE-SPACE MODELS; EUMETOPIAS-JUBATUS; STOCK
ASSESSMENT; EXTINCTION PARAMETERS; POPULATION-MODELS; OBSERVATION ERROR;
DYNAMICS; RECRUITMENT; LIKELIHOOD
AB Many species exhibit spatially varying trends in population size and status, often driven by differences among factors affecting individual subpopulations. Estimation and differentiation of such trends may be important for management, and a driving force for monitoring programs. The ability to estimate spatial differences in population trend may depend on assumptions regarding connectivity among subpopulations (stock structure or spatial overlap in stressors), information that is often poorly known. Linear state-space models using the Kalman filter were developed, tested, and applied for trend estimation of pup production for the western Alaska stock of Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus), given only count data. Models were able to estimate trends and abundance even when data were missing. Models that assumed spatial correlation in trend among rookeries were more robust to stock structure assumptions when the stock structure was potentially mis-specified. High levels of spatial correlation among rookeries estimated from Steller sea lion pup count data are consistent with large-scale covariance of population trend within the Steller sea lion metapopulation.
C1 [Fay, Gavin; Punt, Andre E.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Fay, G (reprint author), Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM gfay@uw.edu
OI Punt, Andre/0000-0001-8489-2488
FU NOAA Fisheries National Marine Mammal Laboratory
FX Funding for G. Fay was provided by the NOAA Fisheries National Marine
Mammal Laboratory. Tom Gelatt is thanked for advice and support. Tim
Essington and Ray Hilborn provided insightful comments on a previous
version of the manuscript. The manuscript was also improved following
comments and suggestions from three anonymous reviewers.
NR 48
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Z9 4
U1 1
U2 23
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1051-0761
EI 1939-5582
J9 ECOL APPL
JI Ecol. Appl.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 23
IS 6
BP 1455
EP 1474
DI 10.1890/12-1645.1
PG 20
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 211UD
UT WOS:000323935700019
PM 24147416
ER
PT J
AU Litzow, MA
Mueter, FJ
Urban, JD
AF Litzow, Michael A.
Mueter, Franz J.
Urban, J. Daniel
TI Rising catch variability preceded historical fisheries collapses in
Alaska
SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Alaskan fisheries; collapse; crustacean fisheries; early warning;
fisheries; indicators; management; multiple stable states; regime shift;
spatial variability
ID WHOLE-ECOSYSTEM EXPERIMENT; EARLY-WARNING SIGNALS; EASTERN BERING-SEA;
RED KING CRABS; REGIME SHIFTS; COMMUNITY REORGANIZATION; CATASTROPHIC
SHIFTS; ECOLOGICAL-SYSTEMS; RECRUITMENT PATTERNS; MARINE ECOSYSTEMS
AB Statistical indicators such as rising variance and rising skewness in key system parameters may provide early warning of regime shifts in communities and populations. However, the utility of these indicators has rarely been tested in the large, complex ecosystems that are of most interest to managers. Crustacean fisheries in the Gulf of Alaska and Bering Sea experienced a series of collapses beginning in the 1970s, and we used spatially resolved catch data from these fisheries to test the predictions that increasing variability and skewness would precede stock collapse. Our data set consisted of catch data from 14 fisheries (12 collapsing and two non-collapsing), spanning 278 cumulative years. Our sampling unit for analysis was the Alaska Department of Fish and Game statistical reporting area (mean n for individual fisheries = 42 areas, range 7-81). We found that spatial variability in catches increased prior to stock collapse: a random-effects model estimating trend in variability across all 12 collapsing fisheries showed strong evidence of increasing variability prior to collapse. Individual trends in variability were statistically significant for only four of the 12 collapsing fisheries, suggesting that rising variability might be most effective as an indicator when information from multiple populations is available. Analyzing data across multiple fisheries allowed us to detect increasing variability 1-4 years prior to collapse, and trends in variability were significantly different for collapsing and non-collapsing fisheries. In spite of theoretical expectations, we found no evidence of pre-collapse increases in catch skewness. Further, while models generally predict that rising variability should be a transient phenomenon around collapse points, increased variability was a persistent feature of collapsed fisheries in our study. We conclude that this result is more consistent with fishing effects as the cause of increased catch variability, rather than the critical slowing down that is the driver of increased variability in regime shift models. While our results support the use of rising spatial variability as a leading indicator of regime shifts, the failure of our data to support other model-derived predictions underscores the need for empirical validation before these indicators can be used with confidence by ecosystem managers.
C1 [Litzow, Michael A.] Farallon Inst Adv Ecosyst Res, Petaluma, CA 94952 USA.
[Litzow, Michael A.] Univ Tasmania, Inst Marine & Antarctic Studies, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia.
[Mueter, Franz J.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Urban, J. Daniel] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Kodiak, AK 99615 USA.
RP Litzow, MA (reprint author), Farallon Inst Adv Ecosyst Res, Petaluma, CA 94952 USA.
EM Michael.Litzow@utas.edu.au
FU Alaska Sea Grant College Program; NOAA Office of Sea Grant; U.S.
Department of Commerce [NA10OAR4170097, R/31-22]; Institute for Marine
and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania
FX We thank Paul Converse, Kim Phillips, and Gail Smith for assistance
accessing data sets. We also thank Stewart Frusher and Alistair Hobday
for helpful discussion, and Steve Carpenter and two anonymous reviewers
for helpful comments on an earlier version of this paper. Funding was
provided by the Alaska Sea Grant College Program with funds from the
NOAA Office of Sea Grant, U.S. Department of Commerce, under grant
NA10OAR4170097 (project R/31-22), with additional support from the
Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania.
NR 57
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 48
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1051-0761
J9 ECOL APPL
JI Ecol. Appl.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 23
IS 6
BP 1475
EP 1487
DI 10.1890/12-0670.1
PG 13
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 211UD
UT WOS:000323935700020
PM 24147417
ER
PT J
AU Zhao, J
Zou, XL
Weng, FZ
AF Zhao, Juan
Zou, Xiaolei
Weng, Fuzhong
TI WindSat Radio-Frequency Interference Signature and Its Identification
Over Greenland and Antarctic
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Specialist Meeting on Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing
Applications
CY MAR 05-09, 2012
CL University of Rome, Frascati, ITALY
HO University of Rome
DE Conical scanning microwave radiometer; radio-frequency interference
(RFI); WindSat
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; OCEAN; RETRIEVAL; VECTOR; LAND
AB A detection of radio-frequency interference (RFI) in the space-borne microwave radiometer data is difficult under snow and sea ice-covered conditions. The existing methods such as a spectral difference technique or a principal component analysis (PCA) of RFI indices produce many false RFI signals near the boundary of Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets. In this paper, a double PCA (DPCA) method is developed for RFI detection over Greenland and Antarctic regions. It is shown that the new DPCA method is effective in detecting RFI signals in the C-and X-band radiometer channels of WindSat while removing the false RFI signals over Greenland and Antarctic. It also worked well in other snow-free or snow-rich regions such as winter data over the United States. The proposed DPCA can be applied to satellite radiometer data orbit-by-orbit or granule-by-granule and is thus applicable in an operational environment for fast processing and data dissemination.
C1 [Zhao, Juan] China Meteorol Adm Training Ctr, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
[Zhao, Juan; Zou, Xiaolei] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Ctr Data Assimilat Res & Applicat, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Zou, Xiaolei] Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Weng, Fuzhong] NOAA, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Washington, DC 20230 USA.
EM zou@fsu.edu
RI Weng, Fuzhong/F-5633-2010
OI Weng, Fuzhong/0000-0003-0150-2179
FU Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology [2010CB951600]; Chinese
Ministry of Finance [GYHY200906006]
FX This work was jointly supported by Chinese Ministry of Science and
Technology project 2010CB951600, and Chinese Ministry of Finance project
GYHY200906006.
NR 14
TC 9
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 12
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0196-2892
EI 1558-0644
J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE
JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 51
IS 9
SI SI
BP 4830
EP 4839
DI 10.1109/TGRS.2012.2230634
PG 10
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote
Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science
& Photographic Technology
GA 218LV
UT WOS:000324434900019
ER
PT J
AU Hati, A
Nelson, CW
Barnes, C
Lirette, D
Fortier, T
Quinlan, F
DeSalvo, JA
Ludlow, A
Diddams, SA
Howe, DA
AF Hati, Archita
Nelson, Craig W.
Barnes, Corey
Lirette, Danielle
Fortier, Tara
Quinlan, Franklyn
DeSalvo, Jason A.
Ludlow, Andrew
Diddams, Scott A.
Howe, David A.
TI State-of-the-Art RF Signal Generation From Optical Frequency Division
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL
LA English
DT Article
ID LOW PHASE-NOISE; MICROWAVE GENERATION; DIVIDERS; FLICKER; LASERS; CLOCKS
AB We present the design of a novel, ultralow-phase-noise frequency synthesizer implemented with extremely-low-noise regenerative frequency dividers. This synthesizer generates eight outputs, viz. 1.6 GHz, 320 MHz, 160 MHz, 80 MHz, 40 MHz, 20 MHz, 10 MHz and 5 MHz for an 8 GHz input frequency. The residual single-sideband (SSB) phase noises of the synthesizer at 5 and 10 MHz outputs at 1 Hz offset from the carrier are -150 and -145 dBc/Hz, respectively, which are unprecedented phase noise levels.
We also report the lowest values of phase noise to date for 5 and 10 MHz RF signals achieved with our synthesizer by dividing an 8 GHz signal generated from an ultra-stable optical-comb-based frequency division. The absolute SSB phase noises achieved for 5 and 10 MHz signals at 1 Hz offset are -150 and -143 dBc/Hz, respectively; at 100 kHz offset, they are -177 and -174 dBc/Hz, respectively. The phase noise of the 5 MHz signal corresponds to a frequency stability of approximately 7.6 x 10(-15) at 1 s averaging time for a measurement bandwidth (BW) of 500 Hz, and the integrated timing jitter over 100 kHz BW is 20 fs.
C1 [Hati, Archita] NIST, Div Time & Frequency, Boulder, CO USA.
[Hati, Archita; Lirette, Danielle; Howe, David A.] NIST, Time & Frequency Metrol Grp, Boulder, CO USA.
[Nelson, Craig W.] NIST, IEEE Frequency Control Symposium, Boulder, CO USA.
[Barnes, Corey; Fortier, Tara; Quinlan, Franklyn; DeSalvo, Jason A.; Ludlow, Andrew; Diddams, Scott A.] NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
[Howe, David A.] NIST, NBS Disseminat Res Sect, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Hati, A (reprint author), NIST, Div Time & Frequency, Boulder, CO USA.
EM archita@boulder.nist.gov
RI Diddams, Scott/L-2819-2013
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology
FX This work was supported by the National Institute of Standards and
Technology. Work of U.S. government. Not subject to copyright.
Commercial products are identified for information. There are several
manufactures; no endorsement is implied by identification.
NR 33
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 21
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0885-3010
J9 IEEE T ULTRASON FERR
JI IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 60
IS 9
BP 1796
EP 1803
DI 10.1109/TUFFC.2013.2765
PG 8
WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Acoustics; Engineering
GA 217CT
UT WOS:000324334900002
PM 24658712
ER
PT J
AU Box, JE
Colgan, W
AF Box, Jason E.
Colgan, William
TI Greenland Ice Sheet Mass Balance Reconstruction. Part III: Marine Ice
Loss and Total Mass Balance (1840-2010)
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
DE Glaciers; Ice sheets; Snowmelt; icemelt; Ice loss; growth
ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; TIDEWATER GLACIERS; JAKOBSHAVN ISBRAE; OUTLET GLACIERS;
WEST GREENLAND; ABLATION ZONE; MELT; ACCELERATION; DYNAMICS; OCEAN
AB Greenland ice sheet mass loss to the marine environment occurs by some combination of iceberg calving and underwater melting (referred to here as marine ice loss, L-M). This study quantifies the relation between L-M and meltwater runoff (R) at the ice sheet scale. A theoretical basis is presented explaining how variability in R can be expected to govern much of the L-M variability over annual to decadal time scales. It is found that R enhances L-M through three processes: 1) increased glacier discharge by ice warming-softening and basal lubrication-sliding; 2) increased calving susceptibility through undercutting glacier front geometry and reducing ice integrity; and 3) increased underwater melting from forcing marine convection. Applying a semiempirical L-M f(R) parameterization to a surface mass balance reconstruction enables total ice sheet mass budget closure over the 1840-2010 period. The estimated cumulative 171-yr net ice sheet sea level contribution is 25 +/- 10 mm, the rise punctuated by periods of ice sheet net mass gain (sea level drawdown) (1893-1900, 1938-47, and 1972-98). The sea level contribution accelerated at 27.6 mm yr(-1) century(-1) over the entire reconstruction, reaching a peak sea level rise contribution of 6.1 mm decade(-1) during 2002-10.
C1 [Box, Jason E.] Ohio State Univ, Byrd Polar Res Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Colgan, William] Geol Survey Denmark & Greenland GEUS, Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Colgan, William] Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Box, JE (reprint author), Geol Survey Denmark & Greenland, Oster Voldgade 10, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark.
EM jeb@geus.dk
RI Colgan, William/H-1570-2014; Box, Jason/H-5770-2013
OI Colgan, William/0000-0001-6334-1660;
FU Cryospheric Sciences Program of NASA's Earth Science Enterprise Grants
[NNG04GH70G, NNX07AM82G]; Ohio State University's Climate Water Carbon
initiative
FX This work was supported by the Cryospheric Sciences Program of NASA's
Earth Science Enterprise Grants NNG04GH70G and NNX07AM82G, The Ohio
State University's Climate Water Carbon initiative managed by D.
Alsdorf, and the Geologic Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS). Thanks
to F. M. Nick, D. H. Bromwich, D. I. Benn, E. Rignot, and M. Pelto for
feedback on this manuscript. Three anonymous reviewers are thanked for
constructive comments.
NR 66
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 4
U2 40
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 18
BP 6990
EP 7002
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00546.1
PG 13
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 213LB
UT WOS:000324057600014
ER
PT J
AU Cheng, W
Chiang, JCH
Zhang, DX
AF Cheng, Wei
Chiang, John C. H.
Zhang, Dongxiao
TI Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) in CMIP5 Models: RCP
and Historical Simulations
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
DE Meridional overturning circulation; Climate models; Ensembles; Climate
variability; Multidecadal variability; Trends
ID NORTH-ATLANTIC; THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION; CLIMATE VARIABILITY; GLOBAL
OCEAN; GULF-STREAM; PROJECTIONS; TRANSPORTS
AB The Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) simulated by 10 models from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) for the historical (1850-2005) and future climate is examined. The historical simulations of the AMOC mean state are more closely matched to observations than those of phase 3 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP3). Similarly to CMIP3, all models predict a weakening of the AMOC in the twenty-first century, though the degree of weakening varies considerably among the models. Under the representative concentration pathway 4.5 (RCP4.5) scenario, the weakening by year 2100 is 5%-40% of the individual model's historical mean state; under RCP8.5, the weakening increases to 15%-60% over the same period. RCP4.5 leads to the stabilization of the AMOC in the second half of the twenty-first century and a slower (then weakening rate) but steady recovery thereafter, while RCP8.5 gives rise to a continuous weakening of the AMOC throughout the twenty-first century. In the CMIP5 historical simulations, all but one model exhibit a weak downward trend [ranging from -0.1 to -1.8 Sverdrup (Sv) century(-1); 1 Sv 10(6) m(3) s(-1)] over the twentieth century. Additionally, the multimodel ensemble-mean AMOC exhibits multidecadal variability with a similar to 60-yr periodicity and a peak-to-peak amplitude of similar to 1 Sv; all individual models project consistently onto this multidecadal mode. This multidecadal variability is significantly correlated with similar variations in the net surface shortwave radiative flux in the North Atlantic and with surface freshwater flux variations in the subpolar latitudes. Potential drivers for the twentieth-century multimodel AMOC variability, including external climate forcing and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), and the implication of these results on the North Atlantic SST variability are discussed.
C1 [Cheng, Wei; Zhang, Dongxiao] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Cheng, Wei; Zhang, Dongxiao] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Chiang, John C. H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Geog, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Chiang, John C. H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Atmospher Sci Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Cheng, W (reprint author), Bldg 3,7600 Sandpoint Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM wei.cheng@noaa.gov
FU NOAA Climate Program Office
FX We acknowledge the World Climate Research Programme's Working Group on
Coupled Modelling, which is responsible for CMIP, and we thank the
climate modeling groups (listed in Table A1 of this paper) for producing
and making available their model output. For CMIP the U.S. Department of
Energy's Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison
provides coordinating support and led development of software
infrastructure in partnership with the Global Organization for Earth
System Science Portals. We thank Drs. Gokhan Danabasoglu, Steve Yeager,
and Mingfang Ting for discussions. We also thank two anonymous reviewers
and Dr. Anand Gnanadesikan for their invaluable comments. This work is
supported by the NOAA Climate Program Office.
NR 40
TC 55
Z9 55
U1 7
U2 59
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 18
BP 7187
EP 7197
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00496.1
PG 11
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 213LB
UT WOS:000324057600025
ER
PT J
AU Ogata, T
Xie, SP
Wittenberg, A
Sun, DZ
AF Ogata, Tomomichi
Xie, Shang-Ping
Wittenberg, Andrew
Sun, De-Zheng
TI Interdecadal Amplitude Modulation of El Nino-Southern Oscillation and
Its Impact on Tropical Pacific Decadal Variability
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
DE Atmosphere-ocean interaction; ENSO; Ocean dynamics
ID COUPLED CLIMATE MODELS; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODELS; INDO-WESTERN
PACIFIC; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; OCEAN SIMULATION; COLD-TONGUE; LA-NINA;
ENSO; PARAMETERIZATION; ATMOSPHERE
AB The amplitude of El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) displays pronounced interdecadal modulations in observations. The mechanisms for the amplitude modulation are investigated using a 2000-yr preindustrial control integration from the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Climate Model, version 2.1 (GFDL CM2.1). ENSO amplitude modulation is highly correlated with the second empirical orthogonal function (EOF) mode of tropical Pacific decadal variability (TPDV), which features equatorial zonal dipoles in sea surface temperature (SST) and subsurface temperature along the thermocline. Experiments with an ocean general circulation model indicate that both interannual and decadal-scale wind variability are required to generate decadal-scale tropical Pacific temperature anomalies at the sea surface and along the thermocline. Even a purely interannual and sinusoidal wind forcing can produce substantial decadal-scale effects in the equatorial Pacific, with SST cooling in the west, subsurface warming along the thermocline, and enhanced upper-ocean stratification in the east. A mechanism is proposed by which residual effects of ENSO could serve to alter subsequent ENSO stability, possibly contributing to long-lasting epochs of extreme ENSO behavior via a coupled feedback with TPDV.
C1 [Ogata, Tomomichi; Xie, Shang-Ping] Int Pacific Res Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96814 USA.
[Xie, Shang-Ping] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Meteorol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Wittenberg, Andrew] Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Sun, De-Zheng] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Sun, De-Zheng] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Ogata, T (reprint author), Int Pacific Res Ctr, POST 401,1680 East West Rd, Honolulu, HI 96814 USA.
EM ogata.tomomichi.ga@u.tsukuba.ac.jp
RI Wittenberg, Andrew/G-9619-2013; Xie, Shang-Ping/C-1254-2009
OI Wittenberg, Andrew/0000-0003-1680-8963; Xie,
Shang-Ping/0000-0002-3676-1325
FU National Science Foundation (NSF); Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science
and Technology (JAMSTEC)-International Pacific Research Center (IPRC)
Initiative (JII) project; Climate and Large-Scale Dynamics Program of
the US NSF [Atmospheric and Geospace Sciences (AGS)] [0852329]
FX We wish to thank Jinbao Li and Hiroki Tokinaga for constructive comments
and suggestions. This research is supported by the National Science
Foundation (NSF) and the Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and
Technology (JAMSTEC)-International Pacific Research Center (IPRC)
Initiative (JII) project. D.-Z. Sun was supported by the Climate and
Large-Scale Dynamics Program of the US NSF [Atmospheric and Geospace
Sciences (AGS) 0852329].
NR 62
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 27
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 18
BP 7280
EP 7297
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00415.1
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 213LB
UT WOS:000324057600030
ER
PT J
AU DeMartini, E
Jokiel, P
Beets, J
Stender, Y
Storlazzi, C
Minton, D
Conklin, E
AF DeMartini, E.
Jokiel, P.
Beets, J.
Stender, Y.
Storlazzi, C.
Minton, D.
Conklin, E.
TI Terrigenous sediment impact on coral recruitment and growth affects the
use of coral habitat by recruit parrotfishes (F. Scaridae)
SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Watershed reclamation; Reef sedimentation; Porites compressa; Chlorurus
spilurus (sordidus); Scarus psittacus; Juvenile nursery habitat;
Ridge-to-reef; Space-for-time substitution
ID SPARISOMA-VIRIDE; REEF ORGANISMS; CALIBRATION; ISLANDS; FISHES
AB Some major anthropogenic stressors have impacts that occur at infrequent, unpredictable intervals; their effects are difficult to evaluate in a timely manner unless space is substituted for time. In this paper we substitute space for time along an environmental gradient that aliases a predicted temporal response to habitat restoration. We herein describe a 3-year study that combined field experiments and descriptive surveys of a fringing reef at Pelekane Bay, west Hawaii, along a sedimentation gradient from an intermittent stream that episodically discharges from the Kohala Watershed. This degraded watershed is now being restored by grazer exclusion, habitat engineering, and replanting of native flora. Sediment traps, arrays of settling plates, marked branches of endemic finger coral Porites compressa, together with surveys of benthic composition, densities of recruits of economically important parrotfishes, and the relative use of corals by fish recruits, were evaluated during the summers of 2010-2012. As expected, sediment accumulation rate decreased while all coral metrics and the densities, use, and preference of corals by recruit fishes generally increased with distance from the point of sediment discharge. Proportionate abundances of recruit through large adult-sized parrotfishes, overlayed on distributions (mapped by separate study) of sediment impact, allowed us to estimate, as an example, the amount and value of parrotfish rersources that are being unrealized because of sediment impacts on recruit parrotfish. Our Pelekane Bay case study thus illustrates how "space-for-time" substitution can be efficiently applied in an evaluation of potential watershed reclamation of reef resources-at a time considerably prior to likely temporal responses of the reef and its resources to watershed restoration.
C1 [DeMartini, E.] NOAA Fisheries, Pacific Islands Fisheries Sci Ctr, Aiea, HI 96701 USA.
[Jokiel, P.] Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA.
[Beets, J.] Univ Hawaii, Dept Marine Sci, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
[Stender, Y.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Geog, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Stender, Y.] Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Kaneohe, HI 96822 USA.
[Storlazzi, C.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95069 USA.
[Minton, D.; Conklin, E.] Nature Conservancy, Honolulu, HI 96817 USA.
RP DeMartini, E (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, Pacific Islands Fisheries Sci Ctr, 99-193 Aiea Hts Dr,Suite 417, Aiea, HI 96701 USA.
EM edward.demartini@noaa.gov
FU NOAA Fisheries, Office of Habitat Conservation, Coral Reef Conservation
Program
FX We thank D. Vidosh and D. Rafalovich of Blue Wilderness Dive Adventures,
Waikoloa, Hawaii, for materials support of dive operations; and the NOAA
Fisheries, Office of Habitat Conservation, Coral Reef Conservation
Program for funding. Also gratefully acknowledged are the constructive
criticisms of A. Andrews and R. Humphreys on a draft manuscript, and D.
Yamaguchi for help with Figs. 1 and 7.
NR 42
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 4
U2 66
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1400-0350
J9 J COAST CONSERV
JI J. Coast. Conserv.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 17
IS 3
BP 417
EP 429
DI 10.1007/s11852-013-0247-2
PG 13
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater
Biology; Water Resources
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine &
Freshwater Biology; Water Resources
GA 214DE
UT WOS:000324110200011
ER
PT J
AU Abadia-Cardoso, A
Anderson, EC
Pearse, DE
Garza, JC
AF Abadia-Cardoso, Alicia
Anderson, Eric C.
Pearse, Devon E.
Garza, John Carlos
TI Large-scale parentage analysis reveals reproductive patterns and
heritability of spawn timing in a hatchery population of steelhead
(Oncorhynchus mykiss)
SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE heritability; Oncorhynchus mykiss; pedigree; reproductive success; SNPs
ID SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; RAINBOW-TROUT; CHINOOK SALMON;
LIFE-HISTORY; PEDIGREE RECONSTRUCTION; GENETIC ARCHITECTURE;
ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGE; NATURAL-POPULATIONS; KINSHIP ANALYSIS; FITNESS
DECLINE
AB Understanding life history traits is an important first step in formulating effective conservation and management strategies. The use of artificial propagation and supplementation as such a strategy can have numerous effects on the supplemented natural populations and minimizing life history divergence is crucial in minimizing these effects. Here, we use single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes for large-scale parentage analysis and pedigree reconstruction in a hatchery population of steelhead, the anadromous form of rainbow trout. Nearly complete sampling of the broodstock for several consecutive years in two hatchery programmes allowed inference about multiple aspects of life history. Reconstruction of cohort age distribution revealed a strong component of fish that spawn at 2years of age, in contrast to programme goals and distinct from naturally spawning steelhead in the region, which raises a significant conservation concern. The first estimates of variance in family size for steelhead in this region can be used to calculate effective population size and probabilities of inbreeding, and estimation of iteroparity rate indicates that it is reduced by hatchery production. Finally, correlations between family members in the day of spawning revealed for the first time a strongly heritable component to this important life history trait in steelhead and demonstrated the potential for selection to alter life history traits rapidly in response to changes in environmental conditions. Taken together, these results demonstrate the extraordinary promise of SNP-based pedigree reconstruction for providing biological inference in high-fecundity organisms that is not easily achievable with traditional physical tags.
C1 [Abadia-Cardoso, Alicia; Anderson, Eric C.; Pearse, Devon E.; Garza, John Carlos] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Ecol Div, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Abadia-Cardoso, Alicia; Anderson, Eric C.; Pearse, Devon E.; Garza, John Carlos] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Garza, JC (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Ecol Div, 110 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM carlos.garza@noaa.gov
FU US Army Corps of Engineers; CONACyT-UC Mexus Program; National Marine
Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science Center
FX This study would not have been possible without the sampling and
associated efforts of the staff at WSH and CVFF, including P. LaCivita,
E. McKenna, R. Taylor, B. White and B. Wilson, to whom we are grateful.
We also thank V. Apkenas, A. Clemento, C. Columbus and E.
Gilbert-Horvath of the Molecular Ecology and Genetic Analysis Team for
assistance with laboratory analyses and comments on the manuscript.
Comments from three anonymous reviewers and the Associate Editor,
Michael Hansen, significantly improved the manuscript. Funding for this
project was provided by the US Army Corps of Engineers, the CONACyT-UC
Mexus Program and the National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest
Fisheries Science Center.
NR 81
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 7
U2 67
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0962-1083
J9 MOL ECOL
JI Mol. Ecol.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 22
IS 18
BP 4733
EP 4746
DI 10.1111/mec.12426
PG 14
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Evolutionary Biology
GA 212ZP
UT WOS:000324022600011
PM 23962061
ER
PT J
AU Baranyi, T
Kiraly, S
Coffey, HE
AF Baranyi, T.
Kiraly, S.
Coffey, H. E.
TI Indirect comparison of Debrecen and Greenwich daily sums of sunspot
areas
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE methods: data analysis; sunspots
AB Sunspot area data play an important role in the studies of solar activity and its long-term variations. In order to reveal real long-term solar variations precise homogeneous sunspot area data bases should be used. However, the measured areas may be burdened with systematic deviations, which may vary in time. Thus, there is a need to investigate the long-term variation of sunspot area data sets and to determine the time-dependent cross-calibration factors. In this study, we investigate the time-dependent differences between the available long-term sunspot data bases. Using the results, we estimate the correction factor to calibrate the corrected daily sunspot areas of Debrecen Photoheliographic Data (DPD) to the same data of Greenwich Photoheliographic Results (GPR) by using the overlapping Kislovodsk and Pulkovo data. We give the correction factor as GPR = 1.08( +/- 0.11)DPD.
C1 [Baranyi, T.] Hungarian Acad Sci, Res Ctr Astron & Earth Sci, Heliophys Observ, H-4010 Debrecen, Hungary.
[Kiraly, S.] Hungarian Acad Sci, Res Ctr Astron & Earth Sci, Konkoly Observ, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary.
[Coffey, H. E.] NOAA, Natl Geophys Data Ctr, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Baranyi, T (reprint author), Hungarian Acad Sci, Res Ctr Astron & Earth Sci, Heliophys Observ, POB 30, H-4010 Debrecen, Hungary.
EM baranyi@tigris.unideb.hu
FU ESA PECS [C98081]
FX This work was supported by the ESA PECS project No. C98081 (TB). The
authors are greatly indebted to a referee for suggesting substantial
improvements to the presentation of the material included in the paper.
NR 11
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 4
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0035-8711
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 434
IS 2
BP 1713
EP 1720
DI 10.1093/mnras/stt1134
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 207XO
UT WOS:000323638200062
ER
PT J
AU Medford, J
Beil, J
Taylor, JM
Bartlett, SD
Doherty, AC
Rashba, EI
DiVincenzo, DP
Lu, H
Gossard, AC
Marcus, CM
AF Medford, J.
Beil, J.
Taylor, J. M.
Bartlett, S. D.
Doherty, A. C.
Rashba, E. I.
DiVincenzo, D. P.
Lu, H.
Gossard, A. C.
Marcus, C. M.
TI Self-consistent measurement and state tomography of an exchange-only
spin qubit
SO NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SINGLE-ELECTRON SPIN
AB Quantum-dot spin qubits characteristically use oscillating magnetic or electric fields, or quasi-static Zeeman field gradients, to realize full qubit control. For the case of three confined electrons, exchange interaction between two pairs allows qubit rotation around two axes, hence full control, using only electrostatic gates. Here, we report initialization, full control, and single-shot readout of a three-electron exchange-driven spin qubit. Control via the exchange interaction is fast, yielding a demonstrated 75 qubit rotations in less than 2 ns. Measurement and state tomography are performed using a maximum-likelihood estimator method, allowing decoherence, leakage out of the qubit state space, and measurement fidelity to be quantified. The methods developed here are generally applicable to systems with state leakage, noisy measurements and non-orthogonal control axes.
C1 [Medford, J.; Beil, J.; Rashba, E. I.; Marcus, C. M.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Beil, J.; Marcus, C. M.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Ctr Quantum Devices, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Taylor, J. M.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD USA.
[Bartlett, S. D.; Doherty, A. C.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Ctr Engineered Quantum Syst, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
[DiVincenzo, D. P.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Quantum Informat, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
[DiVincenzo, D. P.] Forschungszentrum Julich, PGI, Dept Theoret Nanoelect, D-52425 Julich, Germany.
[Lu, H.; Gossard, A. C.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP Marcus, CM (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM marcus@nbi.dk
RI Taylor, Jacob/B-7826-2011; Doherty, Andrew/D-1816-2010; Bartlett,
Stephen/A-4163-2008; Marcus, Charles/M-4526-2014; LU, Hong/D-3658-2013;
DiVincenzo, David/H-5952-2013
OI Taylor, Jacob/0000-0003-0493-5594; Doherty, Andrew/0000-0002-8069-7754;
Bartlett, Stephen/0000-0003-4387-670X; Marcus,
Charles/0000-0003-2420-4692; LU, Hong/0000-0002-8340-2739; DiVincenzo,
David/0000-0003-4332-645X
FU Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Agency (IARPA) through the
Multi-Qubit Coherent Operation (MQCO) programme; Danish National
Research Foundation; Villum Foundation; Australian Research Council
(ARC) via the Centre of Excellence in Engineered Quantum Systems (EQuS)
[CE110001013]
FX The authors acknowledge support from the Intelligence Advanced Research
Projects Agency (IARPA) through the Multi-Qubit Coherent Operation
(MQCO) programme, the Danish National Research Foundation and the Villum
Foundation. S. B. and A. D. acknowledge support from the Australian
Research Council (ARC) via the Centre of Excellence in Engineered
Quantum Systems (EQuS), project number CE110001013. The authors thank O.
Dial, B. Halperin, F. Kuemmeth, T. Ladd and A. Yacoby for useful
discussions, and B. Armstrong for technical contributions.
NR 30
TC 68
Z9 68
U1 4
U2 40
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1748-3387
J9 NAT NANOTECHNOL
JI Nat. Nanotechnol.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 9
BP 654
EP 659
DI 10.1038/NNANO.2013.168
PG 6
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 214XT
UT WOS:000324172800014
PM 23995458
ER
PT J
AU Rathburn, CK
Sharp, NJ
Ryan, JC
Neely, MG
Cook, M
Chapman, RW
Burnett, LE
Burnett, KG
AF Rathburn, Charles K.
Sharp, Natasha J.
Ryan, James C.
Neely, Marion G.
Cook, Matthew
Chapman, Robert W.
Burnett, Louis E.
Burnett, Karen G.
TI Transcriptomic responses of juvenile Pacific whiteleg shrimp,
Litopenaeus vannamei, to hypoxia and hypercapnic hypoxia
SO PHYSIOLOGICAL GENOMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE hypoxia; hypercapnic hypoxia; Litopenaeus vannamei; microarray; global
change; transcriptomics
ID GENE-EXPRESSION PROFILE; ACID-BASE STATUS; PALAEMONETES-PUGIO; GRASS
SHRIMP; CALLINECTES-SAPIDUS; VIBRIO-CAMPBELLII; PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS;
FRESH-WATER; BLUE-CRAB; FENNEROPENAEUS-CHINENSIS
AB Estuarine crustaceans are often exposed to low dissolved O-2 (hypoxia) accompanied by elevated CO2 (hypercapnia), which lowers water pH. Acclimatory responses to hypoxia have been widely characterized; responses to hypercapnia in combination with hypoxia (hypercapnic hypoxia) are less well known. Here we used oligonucleotide microarrays to characterize changes in global gene expression in the hepatopancreas of Pacific whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, exposed to hypoxia or hypercapnic hypoxia for 4 or 24 h, compared with time-matched animals held in air-saturated water (normoxia). Unigenes whose expressions were significantly impacted by treatment and/or time were used to build artificial neural networks (ANNs) to identify genes with the greatest sensitivity in pairwise discriminations between treatments at each time point and between times for each treatment. ANN gene sets that discriminated hypoxia or hypercapnic hypoxia from normoxia shared functions of translation, mitochondrial energetics, and cellular defense. GO terms protein modification/phosphorylation/cellular protein metabolism and RNA processing/apoptosis/cell cycling occurred at highest frequency in discriminating hypercapnic hypoxia from hypoxia at 4 and 24 h, respectively. For 75.4% of the annotated ANN genes, exposure to hypercapnic hypoxia for 24 h reduced or reversed the transcriptional response to hypoxia alone. These results suggest that high CO2/low pH may interfere with transcriptionally based acclimation to hypoxia or elicit physiological or biochemical responses that relieve internal hypoxia. Whether these data reflect resilience or sensitivity of L. vannamei in the face of expanding hypoxic zones and rising levels of atmospheric CO2 may be important to understanding the survival of this and other estuarine species.
C1 [Rathburn, Charles K.; Sharp, Natasha J.; Cook, Matthew; Burnett, Louis E.; Burnett, Karen G.] Coll Charleston, Grice Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29401 USA.
[Rathburn, Charles K.; Sharp, Natasha J.; Ryan, James C.; Neely, Marion G.; Chapman, Robert W.; Burnett, Louis E.; Burnett, Karen G.] Hollings Marine Lab, Ctr Excellence Oceans & Human Hlth, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Neely, Marion G.] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC USA.
[Chapman, Robert W.] Marine Resources Res Inst, South Carolina Dept Nat Resources, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
RP Burnett, KG (reprint author), Hollings Marine Lab, 331 Ft Johnson, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
EM burnettk@cofc.edu
OI Ryan, James/0000-0002-1101-3785
FU U.S. National Science Foundation [IOS-0725245, IOS-1147008]; NOAA's
Center of Excellence in Oceans and Human Health at the Hollings Marine
Laboratory
FX This study was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under
Grant Nos. IOS-0725245, IOS-1147008, and NOAA's Center of Excellence in
Oceans and Human Health at the Hollings Marine Laboratory.
NR 85
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 22
PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 1094-8341
J9 PHYSIOL GENOMICS
JI Physiol. Genomics
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 45
IS 17
BP 794
EP 807
DI 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00043.2013
PG 14
WC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity; Physiology
SC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity; Physiology
GA 210FF
UT WOS:000323814000005
PM 23821614
ER
PT J
AU Wong-Ng, W
Liu, G
Yan, YG
Kaduk, JA
AF Wong-Ng, W.
Liu, G.
Yan, Y. G.
Kaduk, J. A.
TI Structure and X-ray reference diffraction patterns of (Ba6-xSrx)R2Co4O15
(x=1, 2) (R = lanthanides)
SO POWDER DIFFRACTION
LA English
DT Article
DE X-ray reference diffraction patterns; (Ba6-xSrx)R2Co4O15 (x=1, 2) (R =
La, Nd, Sm, Eu, and Gd); crystal structure
ID TEMPERATURE THERMOELECTRIC PROPERTIES; BOND-VALENCE PARAMETERS;
CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; THIN-FILMS; BA6LA2FE4O15; CA3CO2O6; CA3CO4O9
AB The structure and X-ray patterns of two series of barium lanthanide cobaltates, namely, Ba4Sr2R2Co4O15 (R = La, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, and Dy), and Ba5SrR2Co4O15 (R = La, Nd, Sm, Eu, and Gd) have been determined. These compounds crystallize in the space group P6(3)mc; the unit-cell parameters of Ba4Sr2R2Co4O15 (R from La to Dy) decrease from a = 11.6128(2) angstrom to 11. 5266(9) angstrom, c = 6.869 03(11) to 6. 7630(5) angstrom, and V = 802.23(3)angstrom(3) to 778.17(15) angstrom(3), respectively. In the Ba5SrR2Co4O15 series (R = La to Gd), the unit-cell parameters decrease from a = 11.735 44(14) angstrom to 11.619 79(12) angstrom, c = 6.942 89 (14) angstrom to 6.836 52(8) angstrom, and V = 828.08(3) angstrom(3) to 799.40(2) angstrom(3). In the general structure of (Ba6-xSrx) R2Co4O15, there are four Co ions per formula unit occupying one CoO6 octahedral and three CoO4 tetrahedral units. Through corner-sharing of these polyhedra, a larger Co4O15 unit is formed. Sr2+ ions adopt both octahedral and 8-fold coordination environment. R3+ ions adopt 8-fold coordination (mixed site with Sr), while the larger Ba2+ ions assume both 10- and 11-fold coordination environments. The samples were found to be insulators. X-ray diffraction patterns of these samples have been determined and submitted to the Powder Diffraction File (PDF). (C) 2013 International Centre for Diffraction Data.
C1 [Wong-Ng, W.] NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Liu, G.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China.
[Yan, Y. G.] Wuhan Univ Technol, State Key Lab Adv Technol Mat Synth & Proc, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, Peoples R China.
[Kaduk, J. A.] IIT, BCPS, Chicago, IL 60616 USA.
RP Wong-Ng, W (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM winnie.wong-ng@nist.gov
NR 20
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 14
PU J C P D S-INT CENTRE DIFFRACTION DATA
PI NEWTOWN SQ
PA 12 CAMPUS BLVD, NEWTOWN SQ, PA 19073-3273 USA
SN 0885-7156
J9 POWDER DIFFR
JI Powder Diffr.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 28
IS 3
BP 212
EP 221
DI 10.1017/S0885715613000171
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
SC Materials Science
GA 217CJ
UT WOS:000324333900007
ER
PT J
AU Prosa, TJ
Olson, D
Geiser, B
Larson, DJ
Henry, K
Steel, E
AF Prosa, T. J.
Olson, D.
Geiser, B.
Larson, D. J.
Henry, K.
Steel, E.
TI Analysis of implanted silicon dopant profiles
SO ULTRAMICROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 53rd International Field Emission Symposium (IFES)
CY MAY 21-25, 2013
CL Tuscaloosa, AL
DE Atom probe tomography
ID ATOM-PROBE TOMOGRAPHY; SPECIMEN PREPARATION; RECONSTRUCTION; SIMS
AB Atom probe tomography implant dose measurements are reported for National Institute of Standards and Technology Standard Reference Material 2134 (arsenic implant). Efforts were taken to manufacture specimens with limited variation in size and shape to minimize variation in physical reconstruction parameters. A tip profile reconstruction was utilized where measurements of tip profile, post-analysis specimen radius and sphere-to-cone radius ratio were required as inputs into the reconstruction process. A variation of 4% is observed in the dose measurement under these conditions. Various considerations necessary to narrow the observed variation in measured dose, toward the limit imposed by counting statistics, are discussed. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Prosa, T. J.; Olson, D.; Geiser, B.; Larson, D. J.] Cameca Instruments Inc, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
[Henry, K.; Steel, E.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Prosa, TJ (reprint author), Cameca Instruments Inc, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
EM ty.prosa@ametek.com
NR 32
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 18
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3991
EI 1879-2723
J9 ULTRAMICROSCOPY
JI Ultramicroscopy
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 132
BP 179
EP 185
DI 10.1016/j.ultramic.2012.10.005
PG 7
WC Microscopy
SC Microscopy
GA 215UF
UT WOS:000324235500029
PM 23290587
ER
PT J
AU Rimmer, CA
Phillips, MM
AF Rimmer, Catherine A.
Phillips, Melissa M.
TI Solution to Certified Reference Material recipe challenge
SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Rimmer, Catherine A.; Phillips, Melissa M.] NIST, Div Chem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Rimmer, CA (reprint author), NIST, Div Chem Sci, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8392, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM Catherine.rimmer@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1618-2642
J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 405
IS 22
BP 6899
EP 6900
DI 10.1007/s00216-013-7167-8
PG 2
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 208BV
UT WOS:000323651900002
PM 23978986
ER
PT J
AU Chen, Y
Han, Y
Weng, FZ
AF Chen, Yong
Han, Yong
Weng, Fuzhong
TI Detection of Earth-rotation Doppler shift from Suomi National
Polar-Orbiting Partnership Cross-Track Infrared Sounder
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
AB The Cross-Track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) on the Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership Satellite is a Fourier transform spectrometer and provides a total of 1305 channels for sounding the atmosphere. Quantifying the CrIS spectral accuracy, which is directly related to radiometric accuracy, is crucial for improving its data assimilation in numerical weather prediction. In this study, a cross-correlation method is used for detecting the effect of Earth-rotation Doppler shift (ERDS) on CrIS observations. Based on a theoretical calculation, the ERDS can be as large as about 1.3 parts in 10(6) (ppm) near Earth's equator and at the satellite scan edge for a field of regard (FOR) of 1 or 30. The CrIS observations exhibit a relative Doppler shift as large as 2.6 ppm for a FOR pair of 1 and 30 near the equator. The variation of the ERDS with latitude and scan position detected from CrIS observations is similar to that derived theoretically, which indicates that the spectral stability of the CrIS instrument is very high. To accurately calibrate CrIS spectral accuracy, the ERDS effect should be removed. Since the ERDS is easily predictable, the Doppler shift is correctable in the CrIS spectra. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America
C1 [Chen, Yong] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Han, Yong; Weng, Fuzhong] NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Chen, Y (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM Yong.Chen@noaa.gov
RI Han, Yong/F-5590-2010; Chen, Yong/E-4321-2010; Weng, Fuzhong/F-5633-2010
OI Han, Yong/0000-0002-0183-7270; Chen, Yong/0000-0002-0279-9405; Weng,
Fuzhong/0000-0003-0150-2179
FU Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology [2010CB951600]
FX The first author would like to thank the Chinese Ministry of Science and
Technology for support through project 2010CB951600 and the NOAA JPSS
program office. The contents of this paper are solely the opinions of
the authors and do not constitute a statement of policy, decision, or
position on behalf of NOAA or the U.S. Government.
NR 14
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 4
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD SEP 1
PY 2013
VL 52
IS 25
BP 6250
EP 6257
DI 10.1364/AO.52.006250
PG 8
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 211CM
UT WOS:000323881700021
PM 24085084
ER
PT J
AU Sperling, BA
Hoang, J
Kimes, WA
Maslar, JE
AF Sperling, Brent A.
Hoang, John
Kimes, William A.
Maslar, James E.
TI Time-Resolved Surface Infrared Spectroscopy During Atomic Layer
Deposition
SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article
DE Atomic layer deposition; ALD; Reflection-absorption infrared
spectroscopy; RAIRS; Infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy; IRAS;
Buried metal layer substrate
ID REFLECTION-ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY; HYDROGEN-TERMINATED SI(100);
OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; GAS-PHASE; THIN-FILMS; VIBRATIONAL-MODES;
TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; IR SPECTROSCOPY; ADSORPTION; CHEMISTRY
AB This work presents a novel method for obtaining surface infrared spectra with sub-second time resolution during atomic layer deposition (ALD). Using a rapid-scan Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer, we obtain a series of synchronized interferograms (120 ms) during multiple ALD cycles to observe the dynamics of an average ALP cycle. We use a buried metal layer (BML) substrate to enhance absorption by the surface species. The surface selection rules of the BML allow us to determine the contribution from the substrate surface as opposed to that from gas-phase molecules and species adsorbed at the windows. In addition, we use simulation to examine the origins of increased reflectivity associated with phonon absorption by the oxide layers. The simulations are also used to determine the decay in enhancement by the buried metal layer substrate as the oxide layer grows during the experiment. These calculations are used to estimate the optimal number of ALD cycles for our experimental method.
C1 [Sperling, Brent A.; Hoang, John; Kimes, William A.; Maslar, James E.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Sperling, BA (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM brent.sperling@nist.gov
NR 72
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 27
PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY
PI FREDERICK
PA 5320 SPECTRUM DRIVE SUITE C, FREDERICK, MD 21703 USA
SN 0003-7028
J9 APPL SPECTROSC
JI Appl. Spectrosc.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 67
IS 9
BP 1003
EP 1012
DI 10.1366/13-06995
PG 10
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy
GA 210CB
UT WOS:000323805800003
PM 24067630
ER
PT J
AU Zgliczynski, BJ
Williams, ID
Schroeder, RE
Nadon, MO
Richards, BL
Sandin, SA
AF Zgliczynski, B. J.
Williams, I. D.
Schroeder, R. E.
Nadon, M. O.
Richards, B. L.
Sandin, S. A.
TI The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: an assessment of coral reef
fishes in the US Pacific Islands
SO CORAL REEFS
LA English
DT Article
DE IUCN; Coral reef fishes; NOAA Species of Concern; Humphead wrasse
(Cheilinus undulatus); Bumphead parrotfish (Bolbometopon muricatum);
Grouper (Serranidae)
ID WRASSE CHEILINUS-UNDULATUS; NORTHERN LINE ISLANDS; HUMPHEAD WRASSE;
HAWAIIAN-ISLANDS; MARINE FISHES; EXTINCTION; ECOSYSTEMS; CONSERVATION;
AGGREGATION; COMMUNITIES
AB Widespread declines among many coral reef fisheries have led scientists and managers to become increasingly concerned over the extinction risk facing some species. To aid in assessing the extinction risks facing coral reef fishes, large-scale censuses of the abundance and distribution of individual species are critically important. We use fisheries-independent data collected as part of the NOAA Pacific Reef Assessment and Monitoring Program from 2000 to 2009 to describe the range and density across the US Pacific of coral reef fishes included on The International Union for the Conservation of Nature's (IUCN) 2011 Red List of Threatened Species. Forty-five species, including sharks, rays, groupers, humphead wrasse (Cheilinus undulatus), and bumphead parrotfish (Bolbometopon muricatum), included on the IUCN List, were recorded in the US Pacific Islands. Most species were generally rare in the US Pacific with the exception of a few species, principally small groupers and reef sharks. The greatest diversity and densities of IUCN-listed fishes were recorded at remote and uninhabited islands of the Pacific Remote Island Areas; in general, lower densities were observed at reefs of inhabited islands. Our findings complement IUCN assessment efforts, emphasize the efficacy of large-scale assessment and monitoring efforts in providing quantitative data on reef fish assemblages, and highlight the importance of protecting populations at remote and uninhabited islands where some species included on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species can be observed in abundance.
C1 [Zgliczynski, B. J.; Sandin, S. A.] Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Marine Biodivers & Conservat, La Jolla, CA 92083 USA.
[Williams, I. D.; Richards, B. L.] NOAA Fisheries, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Schroeder, R. E.] NOAA Fisheries, Pacific Isl Reg Off, Honolulu, HI 96814 USA.
[Nadon, M. O.] Univ Hawaii, NOAA Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Zgliczynski, BJ (reprint author), Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Marine Biodivers & Conservat, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92083 USA.
EM bzgliczy@ucsd.edu
FU NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program; Office of Habitat Conservation;
NOAA/NSF CAMEO program
FX This work was conducted with the support of the NOAA Coral Reef
Conservation Program, Office of Habitat Conservation, and NOAA/NSF CAMEO
program. We thank the officers and crew aboard the NOAA Ships Townsand
Cromwell, Oscar Elton Sette, and Hi'ialakai for logistical support.
Additional logistical and personnel support was provided by the US Fish
and Wildlife Service, State of Hawaii Department of Land and Natural
Resources, Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources (American Samoa),
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI) Division of Fish and
Wildlife, Division of Environmental Quality (CNMI), and the Guam
Division of Aquatic and Wildlife Resources. We also thank E. E.
DeMartini (NOAA Fisheries) and G. J. Williams (Scripps Institution of
Oceanography) for their contributions throughout the development of this
assessment and several anonymous reviewers for constructive comments on
the manuscript.
NR 49
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 53
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0722-4028
EI 1432-0975
J9 CORAL REEFS
JI Coral Reefs
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 32
IS 3
BP 637
EP 650
DI 10.1007/s00338-013-1018-0
PG 14
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 197TQ
UT WOS:000322874500004
ER
PT J
AU Williams, DE
Bright, AJ
AF Williams, D. E.
Bright, A. J.
TI White rings on the threatened coral, Acropora palmata, associated with
foraging activity of the honeycomb cowfish, Acanthostracion polygonius
(Ostraciidae)
SO CORAL REEFS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Williams, D. E.; Bright, A. J.] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Williams, D. E.; Bright, A. J.] Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Miami, FL USA.
RP Bright, AJ (reprint author), Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, 4600 Rickenbacker Cswy, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM allan.bright@noaa.gov
OI Williams, Dana/0000-0002-9660-5359
NR 3
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 9
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0722-4028
EI 1432-0975
J9 CORAL REEFS
JI Coral Reefs
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 32
IS 3
BP 651
EP 651
DI 10.1007/s00338-013-1024-2
PG 1
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 197TQ
UT WOS:000322874500005
ER
PT J
AU Hansen, S
Armstrong, GSJ
Bastiani-Ceccotti, S
Bowen, C
Chung, HK
Colgan, JP
de Dortan, F
Fontes, CJ
Gilleron, F
Marques, JR
Piron, R
Peyrusse, O
Poirier, M
Ralchenko, Y
Sasaki, A
Stambulchik, E
Thais, F
AF Hansen, Stephanie
Armstrong, G. S. J.
Bastiani-Ceccotti, S.
Bowen, C.
Chung, H. -K.
Colgan, J. P.
de Dortan, F.
Fontes, C. J.
Gilleron, F.
Marques, J. -R.
Piron, R.
Peyrusse, O.
Poirier, M.
Ralchenko, Yu.
Sasaki, A.
Stambulchik, E.
Thais, F.
TI Testing the reliability of non-LTE spectroscopic models for complex ions
SO HIGH ENERGY DENSITY PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE X-ray spectroscopy; Atomic kinetics; Plasma diagnostics; L-shell
ID X-RAY; PLASMAS; WORKSHOP; RECOMBINATION
AB Collisional-radiative atomic models are widely used to help diagnose experimental plasma conditions through fitting and interpreting measured spectra. Here we present the results of a code comparison in which a variety of models determined plasma temperatures and densities by finding the best fit to an experimental L-shell Kr spectrum from a well characterized, but not benchmarked, laser plasma. While variations in diagnostic strategies and qualities of fit were significant, the results generally confirmed the typically quoted uncertainties for such diagnostics of 20% in electron temperature and factors of about two in density. The comparison also highlighted some model features important for spectroscopic diagnostics: fine structure was required to match line positions and relative intensities within each charge state and for density diagnostics based on emission from metastable states; an extensive configuration set was required to fit the wings of satellite features and to reliably diagnose the temperature through the inferred charge state distribution; and the inclusion of self-consistent opacity effects was an important factor in the quality of the fit. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Hansen, Stephanie] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
[Armstrong, G. S. J.; Colgan, J. P.; Fontes, C. J.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Bastiani-Ceccotti, S.; Marques, J. -R.] UPMC, LULI, Ecole Polytech, CNRS,CEA, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
[Bowen, C.; Gilleron, F.; Piron, R.] CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France.
[Chung, H. -K.] IAEA, Nucl Data Sect, A-1400 Vienna, Austria.
[de Dortan, F.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Phys, Prague 8, Czech Republic.
[de Dortan, F.] UPM, DENIM, Madrid, Spain.
[Peyrusse, O.] Univ Bordeaux, CEA, CNRS, CELIA,UMR 5107, F-33400 Talence, France.
[Poirier, M.; Thais, F.] CEA, IRAMIS, Serv Photons Atomes & Mol, Ctr Etud Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Ralchenko, Yu.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Sasaki, A.] Japan Atom Energy Agcy, Kizugawa, Kyoto 6190215, Japan.
[Stambulchik, E.] Weizmann Inst Sci, Fac Phys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel.
RP Hansen, S (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
EM sbhanse@sandia.gov
RI Ralchenko, Yuri/E-9297-2016; Sasaki, Akira/J-8158-2016;
OI Ralchenko, Yuri/0000-0003-0083-9554; Colgan, James/0000-0003-1045-3858
FU Sandia, a multiprogram laboratory; United States Department of Energy's
National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC04-94AL85000]; United
States Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Office of Fusion Energy
Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy; JSPS (Japan Society for the
Promotion of Science) [23340185, 23246165]; Czech Republic's Ministry of
Education, Youth and Sports [CZ,1.05/1.1.00/02.0061]; EC OP
[CZ.1.07/2.3.00/20.0087]
FX S.H. was supported by Sandia, a multiprogram laboratory operated by
Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States
Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under
contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. The work of G.A., J.C., and C.F. was
performed under the auspices of the United States Department of Energy
under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. Yu.R. was supported in part by the
Office of Fusion Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy. A.S.
was supported in part by JSPS (Japan Society for the Promotion of
Science) grants No. 23340185 and 23246165. F.dD. was funded by Czech
Republic's Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports to the ELI-Beamlines
(ELI, CZ,1.05/1.1.00/02.0061) and EC OP CZ.1.07/2.3.00/20.0087.
NR 31
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1574-1818
J9 HIGH ENERG DENS PHYS
JI High Energy Density Phys.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 9
IS 3
BP 523
EP 527
DI 10.1016/j.hedp.2013.05.002
PG 5
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Physics
GA 210SP
UT WOS:000323855100024
ER
PT J
AU Thomas, LR
DiNardo, GT
Lee, HH
Piner, KR
Kahng, SE
AF Thomas, Lennon R.
DiNardo, Gerard T.
Lee, Hui-Hua
Piner, Kevin R.
Kahng, Samuel E.
TI FACTORS INFLUENCING THE DISTRIBUTION OF KONA CRABS RANINA RANINA
(BRACHYURA: RANINIDAE) CATCH RATES IN THE MAIN HAWAIIAN ISLANDS
SO JOURNAL OF CRUSTACEAN BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE crab fishery; distribution patterns; generalized linear model; Kona
crab; Ranina ranina
ID GENERALIZED LINEAR-MODELS; RED FROG CRAB; SPANNER CRABS; UNIT-EFFORT;
PACIFIC; CATCHABILITY; AUSTRALIA; LINNAEUS; FISHERY; BIOMASS
AB A generalized linear model and commercial catch report data were used to describe spatial and temporal patterns in Kona crab, Ranina ranina Linnaeus, 1758, catch rates in the Main Hawaiian Islands. Three alternative hypotheses regarding factors influencing the temporal and spatial distribution of Kona crabs were evaluated using multi-model inference. Broad-scale island effects explain the spatial distribution of catch rates better than the finer-scale factors of depth and swell exposure. Interdecadal declines in catch rates were noted for islands with high human density, while other islands had stable or increasing catch rates. The interdecadal changes in catch rates may be explained by changes in population abundance and management-induced changes in fishing patterns in the recent period. Kona crab behaviors associated with the reproductive cycle contribute to seasonal variations in observed catch rates.
C1 [Thomas, Lennon R.; Kahng, Samuel E.] Hawaii Pacific Univ, Waimanalo, HI 96795 USA.
[DiNardo, Gerard T.] NOAA Fisheries, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Lee, Hui-Hua] Univ Hawaii, Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Piner, Kevin R.] NOAA Fisheries, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA USA.
RP Thomas, LR (reprint author), Hawaii Pacific Univ, 41-202 Kalanianaole Highway, Waimanalo, HI 96795 USA.
EM lennon.thomas@noaa.gov
FU NOAA Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council through the
NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Grant Program [NA09NMF441038]
FX Funding for this project was provided by the NOAA Western Pacific
Regional Fishery Management Council through the NOAA Coral Reef
Conservation Grant Program, award number NA09NMF441038. The authors wish
to thank Reginald Kokoburn, Wendy Seki and the rest of the State of
Hawaii, Division of Aquatic Resources staff for their assistance in
obtaining and understanding the commercial catch reports. The authors
also wish to thank Jordan Watson, David Hyrenbach, Eric Vetter, Mark
Mitsusasyu, Josh DeMello, Marlowe Sabater and Paul Dalzell for their
support and contributions to this project.
NR 36
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 14
PU CRUSTACEAN SOC
PI SAN ANTONIO
PA 840 EAST MULBERRY, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78212 USA
SN 0278-0372
J9 J CRUSTACEAN BIOL
JI J. Crustac. Biol.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 33
IS 5
BP 633
EP 640
DI 10.1163/1937240X-00002171
PG 8
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 210SU
UT WOS:000323855600004
ER
PT J
AU Vulstek, SC
Linderoth, TP
Guyon, JR
Tallmon, DA
AF Vulstek, Scott C.
Linderoth, Tyler P.
Guyon, Jeffrey R.
Tallmon, David A.
TI SPATIO-TEMPORAL POPULATION GENETIC STRUCTURE AND MATING SYSTEM OF RED
KING CRAB (PARALITHODES CAMTSCHATICUS) IN ALASKA
SO JOURNAL OF CRUSTACEAN BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE genetic differentiation; management; Paralithodes camtschaticus;
population; red king crabs
ID MULTIPLE PATERNITY; CHIONOECETES-OPILIO; MARINE POPULATIONS;
DIFFERENTIATION; DIVERSITY; SIZE; VARIABILITY; SOFTWARE; PATTERNS;
PACKAGE
AB Red king crab, Paralithodes camtschaticus Tilesius, 1815, an economically and culturally important species in the state of Alaska, experienced drastic reductions in abundance over large portions of their Alaskan range by 1980. Abundance of crabs in some of the most important historical fishing areas have failed to rebound, some even in the absence of fishing, highlighting the need for additional research to infer genetic structure and reproductive biology of the species that can then be used to inform management efforts. Red king crab samples were collected from eleven locations throughout Alaska (n = 845), of these, six locations were sampled at least one generation apart. Results of this study suggest moderate rates of gene flow within the Gulf of Alaska/Western Alaska region. Levels of genetic differentiation among populations within Southeast Alaska were higher than seen elsewhere, and there was strong evidence of multiple distinct populations. Red king crab in Bristol Bay and in two areas in Southeast Alaska show signs of recent population bottlenecks and shifts in allele frequencies not observed in previous studies that used less polymorphic genetic markers. In addition to population genetic structure analyses, 24 female red king crab and their broods were collected for purposes of inferring mating system. There was no evidence of multiple paternity in any brood. The results of this study support continued management of distinct geographic groups within the Gulf of Alaska/Western Alaska region and suggest that finer-scale management may be beneficial in Southeast Alaska.
C1 [Vulstek, Scott C.; Tallmon, David A.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Juneau Ctr, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Linderoth, Tyler P.; Tallmon, David A.] Univ Alaska Southeast, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Guyon, Jeffrey R.] NOAA, Auke Bay Labs, AFSC, NMFS, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
RP Vulstek, SC (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Juneau Ctr, 17101 Pt Lena Loop Rd, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
EM scvulstek@alaska.edu
FU Alaska Sea Grant; NOAA aquaculture grant
FX The authors would like to thank P. Jensen, J. F. Morado, B. Daly, R.
Foy, C. Shavey and all those involved in the collection of samples for
this project. The authors would also like to thank W. D. Templin, W. S.
Grant, and T. Harrington of the Alaska Department of Fish and Game Gene
Conservation Laboratory for providing historic samples. G. L. Eckert, A.
J. Gharrett, R. P. Kovach, and P. D. Barry all provided comments and
constructive reviews throughout the project. Partial funding was
provided by Alaska Sea Grant and a NOAA aquaculture grant.
NR 81
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 25
PU CRUSTACEAN SOC
PI SAN ANTONIO
PA 840 EAST MULBERRY, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78212 USA
SN 0278-0372
EI 1937-240X
J9 J CRUSTACEAN BIOL
JI J. Crustac. Biol.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 33
IS 5
BP 691
EP 701
DI 10.1163/1937240X-00002173
PG 11
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 210SU
UT WOS:000323855600011
ER
PT J
AU Nixon, C
King, A
Price, D
AF Nixon, Chris
King, Andrew
Price, Daniel
TI Tearing up the disc: misaligned accretion on to a binary
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE accretion, accretion discs; black hole physics; hydrodynamics; galaxies:
active; galaxies: evolution
ID SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLES; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; TIDALLY-INDUCED WARPS;
FINAL PARSEC PROBLEM; PROTOSTELLAR DISCS; CIRCUMBINARY DISC; YOUNG
STARS; GAS DISCS; EVOLUTION; SYSTEMS
AB In a recent paper, we have shown that the evolution of a misaligned disc around a spinning black hole can result in tearing the disc into many distinct planes. Tearing discs with random orientations produce direct dynamical accretion on to the hole in approximate to 70 per cent of all cases. Here, we examine the evolution of a misaligned disc around a binary system. We show that these discs are susceptible to tearing for almost all inclinations. We also show that tearing of the disc can result in a significant acceleration of the disc evolution and subsequent accretion on to the binary - by factors up to 10(4) times that of a coplanar prograde disc with otherwise identical parameters. This provides a promising mechanism for driving mergers of supermassive black hole (SMBH) binaries on time-scales much shorter than a Hubble time. Disc tearing also suggests new observational signatures of accreting SMBH binaries and other systems such as protostellar binaries.
C1 [Nixon, Chris] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Nixon, Chris] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Nixon, Chris; King, Andrew] Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England.
[Price, Daniel] Monash Univ, Sch Math Sci, Monash Ctr Astrophys MoCA, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia.
RP Nixon, C (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM chris.nixon@jila.colorado.edu
RI Price, Daniel/A-8142-2016;
OI Price, Daniel/0000-0002-4716-4235; Nixon,
Christopher/0000-0002-2137-4146
FU NASA [PF2-130098]; STFC; department of Business Innovation and Skills;
University of Leicester
FX We thank the referee for useful suggestions. Support for this work was
provided by NASA through the Einstein Fellowship Programme, grant
PF2-130098. Research in theoretical astrophysics at Leicester is
supported by an STFC Consolidated Grant. We used SPLASH (Price 2007) for
the visualization. The calculations for this paper were performed on the
Complexity node of the DiRAC2 HPC Facility which is jointly funded by
STFC, the department of Business Innovation and Skills and the
University of Leicester.
NR 58
TC 43
Z9 43
U1 0
U2 0
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0035-8711
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 434
IS 3
BP 1946
EP 1954
DI 10.1093/mnras/stt1136
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 207YE
UT WOS:000323639900011
ER
PT J
AU Ohman, MD
Rudnick, DL
Chekalyuk, A
Davis, RE
Feely, RA
Kahru, M
Kim, HJ
Landry, MR
Martz, TR
Sabine, CL
Send, U
AF Ohman, Mark D.
Rudnick, Daniel L.
Chekalyuk, Alexander
Davis, Russ E.
Feely, Richard A.
Kahru, Mati
Kim, Hey-Jin
Landry, Michael R.
Martz, Todd R.
Sabine, Christopher L.
Send, Uwe
TI AUTONOMOUS OCEAN MEASUREMENTS IN THE CALIFORNIA CURRENT ECOSYSTEM
SO OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID CURRENT SYSTEM; DEEP; RESPONSES
AB Event-scale phenomena, of limited temporal duration or restricted spatial extent, often play a disproportionately large role in ecological processes occurring in the ocean water column. Nutrient and gas fluxes, upwelling and downwelling, transport of biogeochemically important elements, predator-prey interactions, and other processes may be markedly influenced by such events, which are inadequately resolved from infrequent ship surveys. The advent of autonomous instrumentation, including underwater gliders, profiling floats, surface drifters, enhanced moorings, coastal high-frequency radars, and satellite remote sensing, now provides the capability to resolve such phenomena and assess their role in structuring pelagic ecosystems. These methods are especially valuable when integrated together, and with shipboard calibration measurements and experimental programs.
C1 [Ohman, Mark D.; Rudnick, Daniel L.; Davis, Russ E.; Kahru, Mati; Kim, Hey-Jin; Landry, Michael R.; Martz, Todd R.; Send, Uwe] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Chekalyuk, Alexander] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY USA.
[Feely, Richard A.; Sabine, Christopher L.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Ohman, MD (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM mohman@ucsd.edu
RI Rudnick, Daniel/J-8948-2016;
OI Rudnick, Daniel/0000-0002-2624-7074; Davis, Russ/0000-0003-1903-6313
FU National Science Foundation through its support of the California
Current Ecosystem LTER site and development of Advanced Laser
Fluorometry; NOAA Ocean Acidification Program; NOAA Climate Observation
Division; NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center; National Aeronautics
and Space Administration; Southern California Coastal Ocean Observing
System; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
FX We gratefully acknowledge financial support from the following sources:
the National Science Foundation through its support of the California
Current Ecosystem LTER site and development of Advanced Laser
Fluorometry; NOAA Ocean Acidification Program; NOAA Climate Observation
Division; NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center; the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration; the Southern California Coastal
Ocean Observing System; and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. We
also thank Libe Washburn, David Demer, the SIO Instrumental Development
Group, SIO Timeseries Group, and CCE LTER team for their sustained
efforts. This is PMEL contribution number 4029.
NR 24
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 5
U2 33
PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC
PI ROCKVILLE
PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA
SN 1042-8275
J9 OCEANOGRAPHY
JI Oceanography
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 3
SI SI
BP 18
EP 25
PG 8
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 210DD
UT WOS:000323808600005
ER
PT J
AU Mungov, G
Eble, M
Bouchard, R
AF Mungov, George
Eble, Marie
Bouchard, Richard
TI DART(A (R)) Tsunameter Retrospective and Real-Time Data: A Reflection on
10 Years of Processing in Support of Tsunami Research and Operations
SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Tsunami; tsunami measurements; bottom pressure recorder; BPR; deep-ocean
assessment and reporting of tsunami; DART; tsunameter
ID OPEN-OCEAN-FLOOR; BOTTOM PRESSURE; DEEP-OCEAN; SEA; PACIFIC; TIDES; GULF
AB In the early 1980s, the United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory established the fundamentals of the contemporary tsunameter network deployed throughout the world oceans. The decades of technological and scientific advancements that followed led to a robust network that now provides real-time deep-ocean tsunami observations routinely incorporated into operational procedures of tsunami warning centers around the globe. All aspects of the network, from research to operations, to data archive and dissemination, are conducted collaboratively between the National Data Buoy Center, the Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, and the National Geophysical Data Center, with oversight by the National Weather Service. The National Data Buoy Center manages and conducts all operational network activities and distributes real-time data to the public. The Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory provides the research component in support of modeling and network enhancements for improved forecasting capability. The National Geophysical Data Center is responsible for the processing, archiving, and distribution of all retrospective data and integrates DART(A (R)) tsunameter data with the National Geophysical Data Center global historical tsunami database. The role each agency plays in collecting, processing, and disseminating observations of deep-ocean bottom pressure is presented along with brief descriptions of data processing procedures. Specific examples of challenges and the approaches taken to address these are discussed. National Geophysical Data Center newly developed and available tsunami event web pages are briefly described and demonstrated with processed data for both the Tohoku 11 March 2011 and the Haiti 12 January 2010 tsunami events.
C1 [Mungov, George] NOAA, Natl Geophys Data Ctr, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Mungov, George] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Eble, Marie] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Bouchard, Richard] NOAA, Natl Data Buoy Ctr, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
RP Mungov, G (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Geophys Data Ctr, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM George.mungov@noaa.gov
NR 39
TC 21
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 9
PU SPRINGER BASEL AG
PI BASEL
PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND
SN 0033-4553
J9 PURE APPL GEOPHYS
JI Pure Appl. Geophys.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 170
IS 9-10
BP 1369
EP 1384
DI 10.1007/s00024-012-0477-5
PG 16
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 209HZ
UT WOS:000323747700002
ER
PT J
AU Fritz, HM
Hillaire, JV
Moliere, E
Wei, Y
Mohammed, F
AF Fritz, Hermann M.
Hillaire, Jean Vilmond
Moliere, Emanuel
Wei, Yong
Mohammed, Fahad
TI Twin Tsunamis Triggered by the 12 January 2010 Haiti Earthquake
SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Haiti; Dominican Republic; Caribbean; tsunami; earthquake; field survey;
numerical modeling
ID INDIAN-OCEAN-TSUNAMI; PERSPECTIVE; DISASTER; RUPTURE; RUNUP; FAULT
AB On 12 January 2010, a magnitude M (w) 7.0 earthquake occurred 25 km west-southwest of Haiti's capital Port-au-Prince causing an estimated 316,000 fatalities, thereby exceeding any previous loss of life from a similar size earthquake. In addition, tsunami waves triggered by the earthquake caused at least three fatalities at Petit Paradis due to a complete lack of tsunami awareness. The International Tsunami Survey Team (ITST) was deployed within weeks of the event and covered the greater Bay of Port-au-Prince and more than 100 km of Hispaniola's southern coastline. The collected survey data include more than 21 tsunami heights along with observations of coastal land level change. Maximum tsunami heights of 3 m have been measured for two independently triggered tsunamis.
C1 [Fritz, Hermann M.; Mohammed, Fahad] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Savannah, GA 31407 USA.
[Hillaire, Jean Vilmond] Univ Quisqueya, Port Au Prince, Haiti.
[Moliere, Emanuel] Ecole Natl Geol Appl, Port Au Prince, Haiti.
[Wei, Yong] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Wei, Yong] Univ Washington, JISAO, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
RP Fritz, HM (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Savannah, GA 31407 USA.
EM fritz@gatech.edu; hvilmond@yahoo.fr; chapeshai@yahoo.fr;
yong.wei@noaa.gov
RI Fritz, Hermann/H-5618-2013; Wei, Yong/I-3462-2015
OI Fritz, Hermann/0000-0002-6798-5401; Wei, Yong/0000-0002-6908-1342
FU National Science Foundation through the NSF NEESR [CMMI-0936603]
FX The survey was supported logistically by ONAMET of the Dominican
Republic and UNESCO-IOC. F. M. was supported by the National Science
Foundation through the NSF NEESR award CMMI-0936603.
NR 48
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 4
U2 28
PU SPRINGER BASEL AG
PI BASEL
PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND
SN 0033-4553
EI 1420-9136
J9 PURE APPL GEOPHYS
JI Pure Appl. Geophys.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 170
IS 9-10
BP 1463
EP 1474
DI 10.1007/s00024-012-0479-3
PG 12
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 209HZ
UT WOS:000323747700008
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, Y
Habib, E
Kuligowski, RJ
Kim, D
AF Zhang, Yu
Habib, Emad
Kuligowski, Robert J.
Kim, Dongsoo
TI Joint distribution of multiplicative errors in radar and satellite QPEs
and its use in estimating the conditional exceedance probability
SO ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Rainfall; Error; Copula; Distribution
ID RAIN-GAUGE MEASUREMENTS; REAL-TIME ESTIMATION; TROPICAL RAINFALL;
PRECIPITATION; MODEL; COPULA; TRMM; ALGORITHM; UNCERTAINTIES;
ASSIMILATION
AB This paper characterizes the joint distribution of multiplicative errors (ME) in radar (R) and satellite (S) quantitative precipitation estimates (QPEs). A semi-parametric framework is established on the basis of this joint distribution to describe the probability of rainfall exceeding a particular threshold given concurrent R and S-based estimates (referred to as conditional exceedance probability, or CEP). This framework entails integrating copula-based joint distributions of MEs over a range of rainfall amounts to yield the joint probability of exceedance, which forms the basis for estimating CEP. In demonstrating this approach, MEs were computed for R (Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler) and S (Self-calibrating Multivariate Precipitation Retrieval) for central Texas over 2000-2007 using gauge records as the reference. Analysis of the MEs in R and S reveals a substantial correlation between the two, and it also shows that the interdependence is complex as a considerable portion of S QPEs are negatively biased while their concurrent R values are bias-neutral. CEP values from the semi-parametric approach is found to be generally superior to those empirically derived based on rainfall estimates: it yields values for a wide range of rainfall thresholds and suffers much fewer discontinuities and artifacts that the empirical results exhibit. For the lower range of S and R thresholds where sample size is relatively large (i.e., <20 mm h (1) for the summer), the two sets of CEPs bear close resemblance, with both showing a relatively weak, but nevertheless substantial dependence on the threshold value for S. These findings confirm the plausibility of the semi-parametric CEP values, and demonstrate the utility of S QPEs in improving the confidence in rainfall exceedance under this framework. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Zhang, Yu] NOAA, Off Hydrol Dev, Natl Weather Serv, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Habib, Emad] Univ Louisiana Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA.
[Kuligowski, Robert J.] NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Kim, Dongsoo] NOAA, Natl Climat Data Ctr, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Asheville, NC USA.
RP Zhang, Y (reprint author), NOAA, Off Hydrol Dev, Natl Weather Serv, Silver Spring, MD USA.
EM yu.zhang@noaa.gov
RI Kuligowski, Robert/C-6981-2009
OI Kuligowski, Robert/0000-0002-6909-2252
FU NOAA/NESDIS/Office of Systems Development for a NASA Precipitation
Measurement Missions (PMM) project [NA17RJ1229]
FX This paper benefited from discussions with David Kitzmiller and Limin Wu
at Office of Hydrologic Development. Greg Sheldon and Robert Corby at
National Weather Service, West Gulf Forecast Center provided the DPA
data, and Bob Huber from the LCRA provided the gauge reports. Two
anonymous reviewers offered a number of insightful comments which help
greatly improve the quality of the paper. We would also like to thank
Professor Marie Laure Delignette-Muller at University of Lyon for
clarifying on the usage of goodness of fit tests in the fitdistrplus
package in R. The effort was partially supported by the
NOAA/NESDIS/Office of Systems Development for a NASA Precipitation
Measurement Missions (PMM) project (NA17RJ1229).
NR 55
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U1 2
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0309-1708
J9 ADV WATER RESOUR
JI Adv. Water Resour.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 59
BP 133
EP 145
DI 10.1016/j.advwatres.2013.06.004
PG 13
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA 207MZ
UT WOS:000323606500011
ER
PT J
AU Chen, H
Yang, DW
Hong, Y
Gourley, JJ
Zhang, Y
AF Chen, He
Yang, Dawen
Hong, Yang
Gourley, Jonathan J.
Zhang, Yu
TI Hydrological data assimilation with the Ensemble Square-Root-Filter: Use
of streamflow observations to update model states for real-time flash
flood forecasting
SO ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Data assimilation; Ensemble Kalman filter; Ensemble Square-Root-Filter;
Flash flood forecast; Rainfall-runoff model
ID STOCHASTIC HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL MODEL; KALMAN FILTER; SOIL-MOISTURE;
SEQUENTIAL ASSIMILATION; UNCERTAINTY; FRANCE; SYSTEM; IMPACT
AB The objective of the study is to evaluate the potential of a data assimilation system for real-time flash flood forecasting over small watersheds by updating model states. To this end, the Ensemble Square-Root-Filter (EnSRF) based on the Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF) technique was coupled to a widely used conceptual rainfall-runoff model called HyMOD. Two small watersheds susceptible to flash flooding from America and China were selected in this study. The modeling and observational errors were considered in the framework of data assimilation, followed by an ensemble size sensitivity experiment. Once the appropriate model error and ensemble size was determined, a simulation study focused on the performance of a data assimilation system, based on the correlation between streamflow observation and model states, was conducted. The EnSRF method was implemented within HyMOD and results for flash flood forecasting were analyzed, where the calibrated streamflow simulation without state updating was treated as the benchmark or nature run. Results for twenty-four flash-flood events in total from the two watersheds indicated that the data assimilation approach effectively improved the predictions of peak flows and the hydrographs in general. This study demonstrated the benefit and efficiency of implementing data assimilation into a hydrological model to improve flash flood forecasting over small, instrumented basins with potential application to real-time alert systems. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Chen, He; Yang, Dawen] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Hydraul Engn, State Key Lab Hydrosci & Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
[Hong, Yang; Zhang, Yu] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Civil Engn & Environm Sci, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Hong, Yang; Zhang, Yu] Atmospher Radar Res Ctr, Hydrometeorol & Remote Sensing Lab, Natl Weather Ctr, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Gourley, Jonathan J.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
RP Yang, DW (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Dept Hydraul Engn, State Key Lab Hydrosci & Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
EM yangdw@tsinghua.edu.cn
RI Hong, Yang/D-5132-2009; Gourley, Jonathan/C-7929-2016
OI Hong, Yang/0000-0001-8720-242X; Gourley, Jonathan/0000-0001-7363-3755
FU National Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Yong Scholar
[51025931]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [50939004];
Ministry of Water Resources Funds for Public Welfare Industry
[201101004]
FX This research was supported by the National Natural Science Funds for
Distinguished Yong Scholar (No. 51025931), the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (No. 50939004), and the Ministry of Water Resources
Funds for Public Welfare Industry (No. 201101004). We thank Prof.
Murugesu Sivapalan of University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign for
helpful comments. The authors would like to express their appreciation
to three anonymous reviewers, whose comments and suggestions led to
significant improvement in the manuscript.
NR 42
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U1 5
U2 42
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0309-1708
J9 ADV WATER RESOUR
JI Adv. Water Resour.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 59
BP 209
EP 220
DI 10.1016/j.advwatres.2013.06.010
PG 12
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA 207MZ
UT WOS:000323606500017
ER
PT J
AU McGuire, BA
Carroll, PB
Loomis, RA
Blake, GA
Hollis, JM
Lovas, FJ
Jewell, PR
Remijan, AJ
AF McGuire, Brett A.
Carroll, P. Brandon
Loomis, Ryan A.
Blake, Geoffrey A.
Hollis, Jan M.
Lovas, Frank J.
Jewell, Philip R.
Remijan, Anthony J.
TI A SEARCH FOR l-C3H+ AND l-C3H IN Sgr B2(N), Sgr B2(OH), AND THE DARK
CLOUD TMC-1
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE astrochemistry; ISM: clouds; ISM: individual objects (Sagittarius B2(N),
Sagittarius B2(OH), TMC-1); ISM: molecules
ID LABORATORY MICROWAVE-SPECTRUM; LINE SURVEY; ASTRONOMICAL IDENTIFICATION;
VIBRATIONAL FREQUENCIES; SPECTROSCOPIC CONSTANTS; PRIMOS SURVEY; IRC
&10216; INTERSTELLAR; ION; GHZ
AB Pety et al. recently reported the detection of several transitions of an unknown carrier in the Horsehead PDR and attribute them to l-C3H+. Here, we have tested the predictive power of their fit by searching for, and identifying, the previously unobserved J = 1-0 and J = 2-1 transitions of the unknown carrier (B11244) toward Sgr B2(N) in data from the publicly available PRIMOS project. Also presented here are observations of the J = 6-5 and J = 7-6 transitions toward Sgr B2(N) and Sgr B2(OH) using the Barry E. Turner Legacy Survey and results from the Kaifu et al. survey of TMC-1. We calculate an excitation temperature and column density of B11244 of similar to 10 K and similar to 10(13) cm(-2) in Sgr B2(N) and similar to 79 K with an upper limit of <= 1.5 x 10(13) cm(-2) in Sgr B2(OH) and find trace evidence for the cation's presence in TMC-1. Finally, we present spectra of the neutral species in both Sgr B2(N) and TMC-1, and comment on the robustness of the assignment of the detected signals to l-C3H+.
C1 [McGuire, Brett A.; Carroll, P. Brandon; Blake, Geoffrey A.] CALTECH, Div Chem & Chem Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Loomis, Ryan A.] Univ Virginia, Dept Chem, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
[Blake, Geoffrey A.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Hollis, Jan M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Lovas, Frank J.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Jewell, Philip R.; Remijan, Anthony J.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA.
RP McGuire, BA (reprint author), CALTECH, Div Chem & Chem Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
OI McGuire, Brett/0000-0003-1254-4817
FU NSF Graduate Research Fellowship
FX The authors are grateful to M. Ohishi for providing the observational
data toward TMC-1 and to the anonymous referee for very helpful
comments. B. A. M. gratefully acknowledges funding by an NSF Graduate
Research Fellowship. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a
facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative
agreement by Associated Universities, Inc.
NR 36
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Z9 10
U1 1
U2 9
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD SEP 1
PY 2013
VL 774
IS 1
AR 56
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/774/1/56
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 205FA
UT WOS:000323426700056
ER
PT J
AU Miller, TJ
AF Miller, Timothy J.
TI A comparison of hierarchical models for relative catch efficiency based
on paired-gear data for US Northwest Atlantic fish stocks
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID LINEAR-MODELS; STATISTICAL-INFERENCE; MARGINAL LIKELIHOOD;
MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; SIZE-SELECTIVITY; CURVES; SHAPE
AB Selectivity and catch comparison studies are important for surveys that use two or more gears to collect relative abundance information. Prevailing model-based analytical methods for studies using a paired-gear design assume a binomial model for the data from each pair of gear sets. Important generalizations include nonparametric smooth size effects and normal random pair and size effects, but current methods for fitting models that account for random smooth size effects are restrictive, and observations within pairs may exhibit extra-binomial variation. I propose a hierarchical model that accounts for random smooth size effects among pairs and extra-binomial variation within pairs with a conditional beta-binomial distribution. I compared relative performance of models with different conditional distribution and random effects assumptions fit to data on 16 species from an experiment carried out in the US Northwest Atlantic Ocean comparing a new and a retiring vessel. For more than half of the species, conditional beta-binomial models performed better than binomial models, and accounting for random variation among pairs in the relative efficiency was important for all species.
C1 Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Miller, TJ (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM timothy.j.miller@noaa.gov
NR 33
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U1 0
U2 5
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 9
BP 1306
EP 1316
DI 10.1139/cjfas-2013-0136
PG 11
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 209LL
UT WOS:000323758200005
ER
PT J
AU Gasper, JR
Kruse, GH
AF Gasper, Jason R.
Kruse, Gordon H.
TI Modeling of the spatial distribution of Pacific spiny dogfish (Squalus
suckleyi) in the Gulf of Alaska using generalized additive and
generalized linear models
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTH PACIFIC; ACANTHIAS; POPULATION; SHARK; CATCH; PARAMETER; PATTERNS
AB The Pacific spiny dogfish (Squalus suckleyi) is a common bycatch species in the Gulf of Alaska. Their spatial distribution is poorly understood, as most catch is discarded at sea. We analyzed spiny dogfish spatial distribution from fishery-dependent and -independent observations of longline gear between 1996 and 2008 using generalized additive and generalized linear models. Poisson, negative binomial, and quasi-Poisson error structures were investigated; the quasi-Poisson generalized additive model fit best. Models showed that spiny dogfish catches were concentrated east of Kodiak Island in waters <= 100 m deep. Results facilitate design of future spiny dogfish assessment surveys and identification of areas in which to focus at-sea observations for fishing mortality estimation, and provide the basis for first-ever designation of spiny dogfish essential fish habitat, despite US legal requirements for essential fish habitat designations since 1996. Identified areas of high bycatch may expedite spatial management by indicating areas in which directed spiny dogfish fisheries could be focused or, conversely, areas in which heightened conservation and catch accounting efforts would be most effective to prevent overfishing of this long-lived, late-maturing species.
C1 [Gasper, Jason R.; Kruse, Gordon H.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
RP Gasper, JR (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Reg Off, POB 21668, Juneau, AK 99802 USA.
EM jason.gasper@noaa.gov
FU US Department of Agriculture New Crops Grant program [ALK-07-02]
FX Partial funding for this research was provided by US Department of
Agriculture New Crops Grant program (grant ALK-07-02). We thank the
North Pacific Observer Program, International Pacific Halibut
Commission, and the National Marine Fisheries Service for providing
fisheries and survey catch information used in the study, and two
anonymous reviewers, as well as Quentin Fong, Joshua Greenberg, and Marc
Miller, for reviews of the draft manuscript.
NR 42
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U1 2
U2 27
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
EI 1205-7533
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 9
BP 1372
EP 1385
DI 10.1139/cjfas-2012-0535
PG 14
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 209LL
UT WOS:000323758200011
ER
PT J
AU Hulson, PJF
Quinn, TJ
Hanselman, DH
Ianelli, JN
AF Hulson, Peter-John F.
Quinn, Terrance J., II
Hanselman, Dana H.
Ianelli, James N.
TI Spatial modeling of Bering Sea walleye pollock with integrated
age-structured assessment models in a changing environment
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID THERAGRA-CHALCOGRAMMA; STOCK ASSESSMENT; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
POPULATION-DYNAMICS; CATCH; MANAGEMENT; FISHERY; PATTERNS; WESTERN;
FUTURE
AB Climate change may affect the spatial distribution of fish populations in ways that would affect the accuracy of spatially aggregated age-structured assessment models. To evaluate such scenarios, spatially aggregated models were compared with spatially explicit models using simulations. These scenarios were based on hypothetical climate-driven distribution shifts and reductions in mean recruitment of walleye pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus) in the eastern Bering Sea. Results indicate that biomass estimates were reasonably accurate for both types of estimation models and precision improved with the inclusion of tagging data. Bias in some aggregated model scenarios could be attributed to unaccounted-for process errors in annual fishing mortality rates and was reduced when estimating effective sample size or time-varying selectivity. Spatially explicit models that allow estimation of variability in movement and ontogenetic parameters (specified as a random walk process) were shown to be feasible, whereas models that misspecified ontogenetic movement and climate change effects resulted in biased biomass and movement parameter estimates. These results illustrate that more complex models may characterize processes better but may be less robust for management advice.
C1 [Hulson, Peter-John F.; Quinn, Terrance J., II] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Juneau Ctr, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Hulson, Peter-John F.; Hanselman, Dana H.] NOAA, Auke Bay Labs, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Ianelli, James N.] NOAA, Resource Ecol & Fisheries Management Div, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Hulson, PJF (reprint author), NOAA, Auke Bay Labs, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 17109 Point Lena Loop Rd, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
EM pete.hulson@noaa.gov
FU Alaska Sea Grant; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Office
of Sea Grant, Department of Commerce [NA06OAR4170013, R/31-16,
NA10OAR4170097, R/31-19]; University of Alaska
FX This publication is the result of research sponsored by Alaska Sea Grant
with funds from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Office of Sea Grant, Department of Commerce, under grant No.
NA06OAR4170013 (project No. R/31-16) and grant No. NA10OAR4170097
(project No. R/31-19), and from the University of Alaska with funds
appropriated by the State. We also thank Milo Adkison, Brenda Norcross,
Gary Marty, Jon Heifetz, and two anonymous reviewers for helpful
comments and advice. The findings and conclusions in this paper are
those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the
National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA.
NR 35
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U1 3
U2 15
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 9
BP 1402
EP 1416
DI 10.1139/cjfas-2013-0020
PG 15
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 209LL
UT WOS:000323758200014
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, YH
Wang, L
Xie, XJ
Huang, LD
Wu, YH
AF Zhang, Yaohong
Wang, Lin
Xie, Xiaojin
Huang, Lidong
Wu, Yihua
TI Effects of invasion of Spartina alterniflora and exogenous N deposition
on N2O emissions in a coastal salt marsh
SO ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Nitrous oxide emission; Spartina alterniflora; Phragmites australis;
Atmospheric N deposition; Coastal marsh
ID DISSIMILATORY NITRATE REDUCTION; NITROUS-OXIDE; PHRAGMITES-AUSTRALIS;
YANGTZE ESTUARY; FRESH-WATER; DENITRIFICATION; CHINA; SOIL; SEDIMENTS;
AMMONIUM
AB Vegetation alteration and nitrogen inputs (via run-off, atmospheric deposition, and wastewater) as a result of anthropogenic activities strongly affected the emission of N2O from coastal marshes. To gain insight into impacts of the invasion of Spartina alterniflora and N deposition on N2O fluxes, mesocosms experiments were conducted to measure N2O emissions from marshes vegetated with S. alterniflora and a native Phragmites australis, with or without exogenous N at the rates of 2.7 g N m(-2), respectively. Mean N2O fluxes during the growing season in S. alterniflora mesocosms without N addition was 9.36 mu g m(-2) h(-1), significantly higher than 6.79 mu g m-2 h-1 in P. australis mesocosms. The stimulatory effects could be attributed to higher plant biomass of S. alterniflora providing more labile organic C to the rhizosphere for nitrobacteria and denitrifying bacteria, and to more oxygen transported to the rhizosphere facilitating coupled nitrification and denitrification. N deposition increased N2O fluxes in S. alterniflora and P. australis mesocosms by 13.5% and 48.2%, respectively, suggesting that exogenous N significantly promoted N2O emissions from coastal marshes. Compared to mesocosms without N fertilization, the increase rate of total N accumulation and above-ground biomass under N addition were 63.1% and 28.0% in the S. alterniflora mesocosms, whereas 26.7% and 15.3% in the P. australis mesocosms, respectively. This meant stronger competition of S. alterniflora with soil microorganisms for the available N, leading to lower increment of N2O fluxes in the S. alterniflora mesocosms under N addition. Thus, it could be concluded that both the invasion of S. alterniflora and atmospheric N deposition dramatically stimulated N2O emissions from coastal marshes, and that N2O fluxes in the S. alterniflora marshes weakly responded to N addition. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zhang, Yaohong; Wang, Lin; Xie, Xiaojin; Huang, Lidong] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Jiangsu Key Lab Agr Meteorol, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Yaohong; Wang, Lin; Xie, Xiaojin; Huang, Lidong; Wu, Yihua] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Coll Appl Meteorol, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Yaohong] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil Sci, State Key Lab Soil & Sustainable Agr, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Wu, Yihua] NOAA NCEP EMC, IMSG, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Zhang, YH (reprint author), Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Coll Appl Meteorol, Ningliu Rd 219, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
EM yhzhang@nuist.edu.cn
FU Natural Science Foundation of China [41103039, 41205087, 41201515];
State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture [Y052010031];
Jiangsu Natural Science Project of the University [08KJB210001,
11KJB170007]; Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher
Education Institutions; Jiangsu Overseas Research & Training Program for
University Prominent Young & Middle-aged Teachers and Presidents;
Jiangsu Foreign Experts Project for Training Outstanding Young Teachers
FX This study was financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation
of China (41103039, 41205087, and 41201515), State Key Laboratory of
Soil and Sustainable Agriculture (Y052010031), Jiangsu Natural Science
Project of the University (08KJB210001, 11KJB170007). We also
acknowledge the fund support of the Priority Academic Program
Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, of Jiangsu
Overseas Research & Training Program for University Prominent Young &
Middle-aged Teachers and Presidents, and of Jiangsu Foreign Experts
Project for Training Outstanding Young Teachers.
NR 48
TC 10
Z9 12
U1 4
U2 81
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0925-8574
EI 1872-6992
J9 ECOL ENG
JI Ecol. Eng.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 58
BP 77
EP 83
DI 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.06.011
PG 7
WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering
GA 207OD
UT WOS:000323610200012
ER
PT J
AU Webster, LF
Graves, DA
Eargle, DA
Chestnut, DE
Gooch, JA
Fulton, MH
AF Webster, L. F.
Graves, D. A.
Eargle, D. A.
Chestnut, D. E.
Gooch, J. A.
Fulton, M. H.
TI Assessment of animal impacts on bacterial water quality in a South
Carolina, USA tidal creek system
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Ribosomal DNA; Ribotyping; Source tracking; Fecal pollution; Microbial
water quality
ID ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE ANALYSIS; FECAL ESCHERICHIA-COLI; 16S
RIBOSOMAL-RNA; NONPOINT SOURCES; METHANOBREVIBACTER-SMITHII; RIBOTYPE
PROFILES; SEWAGE POLLUTION; SOURCE TRACKING; NIFH GENE; PCR ASSAY
AB Fecal pollution may adversely impact water quality in coastal ecosystems. The goal of this study was to determine whether cattle were a source of fecal pollution in a South Carolina watershed. Surface water samples were collected in June 2002 and February through March 2003 in closed shellfish harvesting waters of Toogoodoo Creek in Charleston County, SC. Fecal coliform concentrations in 70 % of the water samples taken for this study exceeded shellfish harvesting water standards. Ribotyping was performed in order to identify animal sources contributing to elevated fecal coliform levels. Escherichia coli isolates (n = 253) from surface water samples were ribotyped and compared to a ribotype library developed from known sources of fecal material. Ribotypes from water samples that matched library ribotypes with 90 % maximum similarity or better were assigned to that source. Less than half of the unknown isolates (38 %) matched with library isolates. About half (53 %) of the matched ribotypes were assigned to cattle isolates and 43 % to raccoon. Ribotyping almost exclusively identified animal sources. While these results indicate that runoff from cattle farms was a likely source of fecal pollution in the watershed, wildlife also contributed. Given the small size of the library, ribotyping was moderately useful for determining the impact of adjacent cattle farms on Toogoodoo Creek. Increasing the number and diversity of the wildlife sources from the area would likely increase the usefulness of the method.
C1 [Webster, L. F.; Gooch, J. A.; Fulton, M. H.] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Graves, D. A.; Eargle, D. A.; Chestnut, D. E.] Bur Water Qual, South Carolina Dept Hlth & Environm Control, Columbia, SC 29201 USA.
RP Webster, LF (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, 219 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
EM laura.f.webster@noaa.gov
NR 32
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 34
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-6369
J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS
JI Environ. Monit. Assess.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 185
IS 9
BP 7749
EP 7756
DI 10.1007/s10661-013-3132-4
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 192LI
UT WOS:000322485500047
PM 23435851
ER
PT J
AU Sayre, NF
Kelty, R
Simmons, M
Clayton, S
Kassam, KA
Pickett, STA
Chapin, FS
AF Sayre, Nathan F.
Kelty, Ruth
Simmons, Mark
Clayton, Susan
Kassam, Karim-Aly
Pickett, Steward T. A.
Chapin, F. Stuart, III
TI Invitation to Earth Stewardship
SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Sayre, Nathan F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Kelty, Ruth] NOAA, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Oxford, MD USA.
[Simmons, Mark] Univ Texas Austin, Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Ctr, Austin, TX USA.
[Clayton, Susan] Coll Wooster, Wooster, OH 44691 USA.
[Kassam, Karim-Aly] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA.
[Pickett, Steward T. A.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY USA.
[Chapin, F. Stuart, III] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK USA.
RP Sayre, NF (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
OI Chapin III, F Stuart/0000-0002-2558-9910
NR 0
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 30
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1540-9295
J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON
JI Front. Ecol. Environ.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 11
IS 7
BP 339
EP 339
DI 10.1890/1540-9295-11.7.339
PG 1
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 208SV
UT WOS:000323700700001
ER
PT J
AU Carey, S
Nomikou, P
Bell, KC
Lilley, M
Lupton, J
Roman, C
Stathopoulou, E
Bejelou, K
Ballard, R
AF Carey, Steven
Nomikou, Paraskevi
Bell, Katy Croff
Lilley, Marvin
Lupton, John
Roman, Chris
Stathopoulou, Eleni
Bejelou, Konstantina
Ballard, Robert
TI CO2 degassing from hydrothermal vents at Kolumbo submarine volcano,
Greece, and the accumulation of acidic crater water
SO GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; LAKE ERUPTIONS; MARIANA ARC; MONOUN; OCEAN; SEAWATER;
CAMEROON; DENSITY; ISLAND; NYOS
AB Discharge of volcanic gases in the marine environment can lead to local perturbations in ocean acidity, with consequences for biological communities and the potential for hazards related to depressurization and release of gases at the surface. Numerous hydrothermal vents in the crater of Kolumbo submarine volcano (Aegean Sea) are discharging virtually pure gaseous CO2 together with clear fluids at temperatures up to 220 degrees C. Acoustic imaging of the ascending bubbles suggests that the gas is being dissolved into seawater within similar to 10 m above the crater floor (500 m below sea level). Dissolution of the gas likely causes local increases in water density that result in sequestration of CO2 within the enclosed crater, and the accumulation of acidic seawater. Lack of macrofauna at the Kolumbo hydrothermal vents, occurrence of carbonate-poor sediment in the crater, and pH values as low as 5.0 in recovered water samples point to acidic conditions within the crater. Buildup of CO2-rich water in the bowl-shaped crater of Kolumbo may be producing conditions analogous to some African volcanic lakes (Lake Monoun and Lake Nyos, Cameroon) where overturn of gas-rich bottom waters led to abrupt releases of CO2 at the surface. A minimum estimate of 2.0 x 10(5) m(3) (STP) of excess CO2 may currently exist in the bottom 10 m of the Kolumbo crater.
C1 [Carey, Steven; Bell, Katy Croff; Roman, Chris; Ballard, Robert] Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
[Nomikou, Paraskevi; Bejelou, Konstantina] Univ Athens, Fac Geol & Geoenvironm, Athens 15784, Greece.
[Lilley, Marvin] Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
[Lupton, John] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Stathopoulou, Eleni] Univ Athens, Dept Chem, Athens 15784, Greece.
RP Carey, S (reprint author), Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, 215 S Ferry Rd, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
FU U.S. National Science Foundation; NOAA/OER; U.S. National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration, Office of Ocean Exploration and Research
(NOAA/OER)
FX Support for the operation of E/V Nautilus was provided by the Ocean
Exploration Trust and its sponsors, including the U.S. National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration, Office of Ocean Exploration and Research
(NOAA/OER). We thank the captain and crew of the E/V Nautilus for their
excellent support during the execution of cruises NA007 and NA014, and
the Government of Greece for permission to work in their territorial
waters. We also thank the captains and crews of R/V Aegaeo and R/V
Endeavor for their assistance during joint University of Rhode
Island/Hellenic Centre for Marine Research cruises in 2006, supported by
the U.S. National Science Foundation and NOAA/OER. Art Spivack is
gratefully acknowledged for his assistance with seawater density
calculations and the effects of dissolved CO2.
NR 31
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U1 2
U2 41
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0091-7613
J9 GEOLOGY
JI Geology
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 41
IS 9
BP 1035
EP 1038
DI 10.1130/G34286.1
PG 4
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA 203FS
UT WOS:000323277300031
ER
PT J
AU Ito, S
Okunishi, T
Kishi, MJ
Wang, MY
AF Ito, Shin-ichi
Okunishi, Takeshi
Kishi, Michio J.
Wang, Muyin
TI Modelling ecological responses of Pacific saury (Cololabis saira) to
future climate change and its uncertainty
SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE CMIP3; SST; ecosystem model; egg production; fish growth; fish
migration; global warming; Pacific saury; uncertainty
ID WESTERN NORTH PACIFIC; SARDINE SARDINOPS-MELANOSTICTUS; NORTHWESTERN
PACIFIC; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; SIMULATION-MODEL; GROWTH; OTOLITH; FISH;
ZOOPLANKTON; NEMURO.FISH
AB An ecosystem-based bioenergetics model was used to investigate the responses of Pacific saury (Cololabis saira) to global warming. The model was forced by the projected sea surface temperature (SST) generated by climate models that formed the bases for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change fourth Assessment Report (IPCC-AR4). Twelve climate models, which reproduced the Pacific Decadal Oscillation well compared with observations, were selected and B1, A1B, and A2 emissions scenarios were used. In total, 33 ensemble simulations were conducted, of which 24 (73%) showed a decrease in wet weight of Pacific saury. The migration pattern was modified in 11 (33%) cases. In these cases, higher SST and size reduction under global warming prevented or delayed the southern migration of saury in winter. As a result, egg production was enhanced by the higher availability of prey plankton in the modified spawning region. A case study to separate the direct temperature effects was conducted, in which prey plankton density was assumed to be the same as the control run. The results suggest that an SST increase will directly reduce juvenile growth, whereas a prey plankton density decrease has an influence on the growth of adults and migration pattern, and hence egg production.
C1 [Ito, Shin-ichi; Okunishi, Takeshi] FRA, Tohoku Natl Fisheries Res Inst, Shiogama, Miyagi 9850001, Japan.
[Kishi, Michio J.] Hokkaido Univ, Fac Fisheries Sci, Hakodate, Hokkaido 0418611, Japan.
[Kishi, Michio J.] JAMSTEC, Res Inst Global Change, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2360001, Japan.
[Wang, Muyin] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Wang, Muyin] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Ito, S (reprint author), FRA, Tohoku Natl Fisheries Res Inst, 3-27-5 Shinhama Cho, Shiogama, Miyagi 9850001, Japan.
EM goito@affrc.go.jp
RI Ito, Shin-ichi/E-2981-2012; Wang, Muyin/K-4006-2014
OI Ito, Shin-ichi/0000-0002-3635-2580;
FU Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Japan; Joint Institute
for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) under NOAA
[NA17RJ1232]
FX We wish to acknowledge PICES for supporting the development of the
NEMURO family of models. We also wish to thank Yasuhiro Ueno, Satoshi
Suyama, and Masayasu Nakagami for their fruitful advice. We also thank
Anne Hollowed, the journal editor, for her useful comments and
suggestions for improvements of this manuscript. This work was
financially supported by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and
Fisheries, Japan, through a research project entitled "Development of
technologies for mitigation and adaptation to climate change in
Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries". This publication is partially
funded by the Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean
(JISAO) under NOAA Cooperative Agreement No. NA17RJ1232, Contribution #
1839. Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) contribution number
# 4027.
NR 35
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PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1054-3139
J9 ICES J MAR SCI
JI ICES J. Mar. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 5
BP 980
EP 990
DI 10.1093/icesjms/fst089
PG 11
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 207KJ
UT WOS:000323597000007
ER
PT J
AU Chang, YJ
Sun, CL
Chen, Y
Yeh, SZ
DiNardo, G
Su, NJ
AF Chang, Yi-Jay
Sun, Chi-Lu
Chen, Yong
Yeh, Su-Zan
DiNardo, Gerard
Su, Nan-Jay
TI Modelling the impacts of environmental variation on the habitat
suitability of swordfish, Xiphias gladius, in the equatorial Atlantic
Ocean
SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE climate change; equatorial Atlantic Ocean; habitat suitability index;
longline fisheries; Xiphias gladius
ID WESTERN NORTH-ATLANTIC; TUNA THUNNUS-ALBACARES; PACIFIC-OCEAN;
MAKAIRA-NIGRICANS; FISHING GROUNDS; CATCH RATES; BLUE MARLIN; ACOUSTIC
TELEMETRY; LONGLINE FISHERIES; EASTERN ATLANTIC
AB We developed a habitat suitability index (HSI) model to identify the optimal habitats of swordfish (Xiphias gladius) in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean. Environmental variables, including sea surface temperature (SST), mixed layer depth (MLD), chlorophyll- a concentrations, and sea surface height anomaly, as well as catch and effort data from Taiwanese longline fisheries, were used. The geometric mean model including all the above environmental variables was identified as the most parsimonious model for yielding HSI predictions coinciding with productive fishing grounds with high fishing effort. Swordfish mainly aggregated in the northwest region during March- May and spread southeast thereafter in response to seasonal shifts in oceanographic conditions. There was annual variation in the distribution of habitat patches, and the habitat quality was reduced in the northwest region of the equatorial Atlantic Ocean during 2005. The apparent spatial shifts in optimal habitats might be linked to reduced MLD and elevation in sea surface height, which might be related to climate variability (e.g. Nino-Southern Oscillation and/or Northern Atlantic Oscillation). Because environmental data regarding climate change scenarios are becoming readily available, we can utilize the proposed HSI models to evaluate possible changes in habitat suitability resulting from climate change and provide scientific advice for the development of management regulations.
C1 [Chang, Yi-Jay; Sun, Chi-Lu; Yeh, Su-Zan; Su, Nan-Jay] Natl Taiwan Univ, Inst Oceanog, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
[Chen, Yong] Univ Maine, Sch Marine Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[DiNardo, Gerard] NOAA Fisheries, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Sun, CL (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ, Inst Oceanog, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
EM chilu@ntu.edu.tw
OI Chang, Yi-Jay/0000-0002-7472-4672
FU National Science Council; Fishery Agency of Council of Agriculture of
Taiwan [NSC99- 2628-B-002-070-MY3, NSC100-2811-B-002-075,
100AS-10.1.1-FA-F3(1)]
FX We thank two anonymous reviewers and the editor for their constructive
comments. We also appreciate the financial support from PICES (North
Pacific Marine Science Organization) to Y.J. Chang for attending the
Second International Symposium of Effects of Climate Change on the
World's Oceans, held on 15- 19 May 2012 in Yeosu, Korea. This study was
partially financially supported by the National Science Council and the
Fishery Agency of Council of Agriculture of Taiwan through the research
grants NSC99- 2628-B-002-070-MY3, NSC100-2811-B-002-075 and
100AS-10.1.1-FA-F3(1) to Chi-Lu Sun.
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PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1054-3139
J9 ICES J MAR SCI
JI ICES J. Mar. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 5
BP 1000
EP 1012
DI 10.1093/icesjms/fss190
PG 13
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 207KJ
UT WOS:000323597000009
ER
PT J
AU Su, NJ
Sun, CL
Punt, AE
Yeh, SZ
DiNardo, G
Chang, YJ
AF Su, Nan-Jay
Sun, Chi-Lu
Punt, Andre E.
Yeh, Su-Zan
DiNardo, Gerard
Chang, Yi-Jay
TI An ensemble analysis to predict future habitats of striped marlin
(Kajikia audax) in the North Pacific Ocean
SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE global climate models; sea surface temperature; spatial distribution;
thermal preferences
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; TETRAPTURUS-AUDAX; MAKAIRA-NIGRICANS; BLUE
MARLIN; ATLANTIC; TUNA; MOVEMENTS; CATCH; DISTRIBUTIONS; VARIABILITY
AB Striped marlin is a highly migratory species distributed throughout the North Pacific Ocean, which shows considerable variation in spatial distribution as a consequence of habitat preference. This species may therefore shift its range in response to future changes in the marine environment driven by climate change. It is important to understand the factors determining the distribution of striped marlin and the influence of climate change on these factors, to develop effective fisheries management policies given the economic importance of the species and the impact of fishing. We examined the spatial patterns and habitat preferences of striped marlin using generalized additive models fitted to data from longline fisheries. Future distributions were predicted using an ensemble analysis, which represents the uncertainty due to several global climate models and greenhouse gas emission scenarios. The increase in water temperature driven by climate change is predicted to lead to a northward displacement of striped marlin in the North Pacific Ocean. Use of a simple predictor of water temperature to describe future distribution, as in several previous studies, may not be robust, which emphasizes that variables other than sea surface temperatures from bioclimatic models are needed to understand future changes in the distribution of large pelagic species.
C1 [Su, Nan-Jay; Sun, Chi-Lu; Yeh, Su-Zan; Chang, Yi-Jay] Natl Taiwan Univ, Inst Oceanog, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
[Punt, Andre E.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[DiNardo, Gerard] NOAA Fisheries, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Sun, CL (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ, Inst Oceanog, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
EM chilu@ntu.edu.tw
OI Punt, Andre/0000-0001-8489-2488; Chang, Yi-Jay/0000-0002-7472-4672
FU National Science Council; Fisheries Agency of Council of Agriculture,
Taiwan [NSC98-2611-M-002-002, NSC99-2611-M-002-013,
NSC099-2811-M-002-201, 99AS-10.1.1-FA-F4(1), 100AS-10.1.1-FA-F3(1)]
FX This study was funded partially by the National Science Council and the
Fisheries Agency of Council of Agriculture, Taiwan, through the research
grants NSC98-2611-M-002-002, NSC99-2611-M-002-013,
NSC099-2811-M-002-201, 99AS-10.1.1-FA-F4(1), and 100AS-10.1.1-FA-F3(1)
to C-L.S
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PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1054-3139
J9 ICES J MAR SCI
JI ICES J. Mar. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 5
BP 1013
EP 1022
DI 10.1093/icesjms/fss191
PG 10
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 207KJ
UT WOS:000323597000010
ER
PT J
AU Hollowed, AB
Barange, M
Beamish, RJ
Brander, K
Cochrane, K
Drinkwater, K
Foreman, MGG
Hare, JA
Holt, J
Ito, S
Kim, S
King, JR
Loeng, H
MacKenzie, BR
Mueter, FJ
Okey, TA
Peck, MA
Radchenko, VI
Rice, JC
Schirripa, MJ
Yatsu, A
Yamanaka, Y
AF Hollowed, Anne B.
Barange, Manuel
Beamish, Richard J.
Brander, Keith
Cochrane, Kevern
Drinkwater, Kenneth
Foreman, Michael G. G.
Hare, Jonathan A.
Holt, Jason
Ito, Shin-ichi
Kim, Suam
King, Jacquelynne R.
Loeng, Harald
MacKenzie, Brian R.
Mueter, Franz J.
Okey, Thomas A.
Peck, Myron A.
Radchenko, Vladimir I.
Rice, Jake C.
Schirripa, Michael J.
Yatsu, Akihiko
Yamanaka, Yasuhiro
TI Projected impacts of climate change on marine fish and fisheries
SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE climate change; fish; fisheries; fisheries-dependent communities;
uncertainty; vulnerability assessment
ID COD GADUS-MORHUA; EASTERN BERING-SEA; EVALUATING MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES;
POLLOCK THERAGRA-CHALCOGRAMMA; SAURY COLOLABIS-SAIRA; CONTINENTAL-SHELF;
NORTH-ATLANTIC; FUTURE CLIMATE; POTENTIAL IMPACTS; FOOD SECURITY
AB This paper reviews current literature on the projected effects of climate change on marine fish and shellfish, their fisheries, and fishery-dependent communities throughout the northern hemisphere. The review addresses the following issues: (i) expected impacts on ecosystem productivity and habitat quantity and quality; (ii) impacts of changes in production and habitat on marine fish and shellfish species including effects on the community species composition, spatial distributions, interactions, and vital rates of fish and shellfish; (iii) impacts on fisheries and their associatedcommunities; (iv) implications for food security and associated changes; and (v) uncertainty andmodelling skill assessment. Climate change will impact fish and shellfish, their fisheries, and fishery-dependent communities through a complex suite of linked processes. Integrated interdisciplinary research teams are forming in many regions to project these complex responses. National and international marine research organizations serve a key role in the coordination and integration of research to accelerate the production of projections of the effects of climate change on marine ecosystems and to move towards a future where relative impacts by region could be compared on a hemispheric or global level. Eight research foci were identified that will improve the projections of climate impacts on fish, fisheries, and fishery-dependent communities.
C1 [Hollowed, Anne B.] NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Barange, Manuel] Plymouth Marine Lab, Plymouth PL1 3DH, Devon, England.
[Beamish, Richard J.; King, Jacquelynne R.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Pacific Biol Stn, Nanaimo, BC V9T 6N7, Canada.
[Brander, Keith; MacKenzie, Brian R.] Tech Univ Denmark, Ctr Macroecol Evolut & Climate, DTU Aqua Natl Inst Aquat Resources, DK-2920 Charlottenlund, Denmark.
[Cochrane, Kevern] Dept Ichthyol & Fisheries Sci, ZA-6150 Grahamstown, South Africa.
[Drinkwater, Kenneth; Loeng, Harald] Inst Marine Res, N-5817 Bergen, Norway.
[Foreman, Michael G. G.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Inst Ocean Sci, Sidney, BC V8L 4B2, Canada.
[Hare, Jonathan A.] NOAA, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Narragansett Lab, Narragansett, RI USA.
[Holt, Jason] Natl Oceanog Ctr, Liverpool L3 5DA, Merseyside, England.
[Ito, Shin-ichi] FRA, Tohoku Natl Fisheries Res Inst, Shiogama, Miyagi 985001, Japan.
[Kim, Suam] Pukyong Natl Univ, Dept Marine Biol, Busan R 608737, South Korea.
[MacKenzie, Brian R.] Tech Univ Denmark, Ctr Ocean Life, DTU Aqua Natl Inst Aquat Resources, DK-2920 Charlottenlund, Denmark.
[Mueter, Franz J.] Univ Alaska, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Juneau Ctr, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Okey, Thomas A.] Univ Victoria, Sch Environm Studies, Victoria, BC V8W 3R4, Canada.
[Peck, Myron A.] Inst Hydrobiol & Fisheries Sci, D-22767 Hamburg, Germany.
[Radchenko, Vladimir I.] TINRO Ctr, Pacific Res Inst Fisheries & Oceanog, Vladivostok 690950, Primorsky Kray, Russia.
[Rice, Jake C.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Sci Sect, Ottawa, ON K1A 0E6, Canada.
[Schirripa, Michael J.] NOAA, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Yatsu, Akihiko] Fisheries Res Agcy, Seikai Natl Fisheries Res Inst, Nagasaki 8512213, Japan.
[Yamanaka, Yasuhiro] Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Environm Sci, Div Environm Resources, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060, Japan.
RP Hollowed, AB (reprint author), NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM anne.hollowed@noaa.gov
RI Ito, Shin-ichi/E-2981-2012; Holt, Jason/B-6323-2012; Peck,
Myron/H-6164-2011; Barange, Manuel/D-2689-2016; publist,
CMEC/C-3010-2012; Yamanaka, Yasuhiro/H-7393-2012; publicationpage,
cmec/B-4405-2017
OI Ito, Shin-ichi/0000-0002-3635-2580; Barange, Manuel/0000-0002-1508-0483;
Yamanaka, Yasuhiro/0000-0003-3369-3248;
FU ICES; PICES; IOC
FX We thank ICES, PICES, and IOC for their support and encouragement to
participate in symposiums focused on climate change effects on marine
ecosystems that were held in Sendai, Japan, in 2010 and Yeosu, Korea, in
2012. We thank Pat Livingston and Mike Sigler for helpful comments and
suggestions that improved this manuscript. We also thank Nathan Ryan who
helped to compile the literature presented in Table 1.
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PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1054-3139
EI 1095-9289
J9 ICES J MAR SCI
JI ICES J. Mar. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 5
BP 1023
EP 1037
DI 10.1093/icesjms/fst081
PG 15
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 207KJ
UT WOS:000323597000011
ER
PT J
AU Cheung, WWL
Pauly, D
Sarmiento, JL
AF Cheung, William W. L.
Pauly, Daniel
Sarmiento, Jorge L.
TI How to make progress in projecting climate change impacts
SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE climate change; marine; fish; modelling; projection; body size
ID THERMAL TOLERANCE; MARINE ECOSYSTEMS; DISSOLVED-OXYGEN; GLOBAL OCEAN;
BODY-SIZE; GROWTH; FISH; FISHERIES; LIMITATION; ATLANTIC
AB Scientific modelling has become a crucial tool for assessing climate change impacts on marine resources. Brander et al. criticize the treatment of reliability and uncertainty of such models, with specific reference to Cheung et al. (2013, Nature Climate Change, 3: 254-258) and their projections of a decrease in maximum body size of marine fish under climate change. Here, we use the specific criticisms of Brander et al. (2013, ICES Journal of Marine Science) on Cheung et al. (2013) as examples to discuss ways to make progress in scientific modelling in marine science. Weaddress the technical criticisms by Brander et al., then their moregeneral comments on uncertainty. The growth of fish is controlled and limited by oxygen, as documented in a vast body of peer-reviewed literature that elaborates on a robust theory based on abundant data. The results from Cheung et al. were obtained using published, reproducible and peer-reviewed methods, and the results agree with the empirical data; the key assumptions and uncertainties of the analysis were stated. These findings can serve as a step towards improving our understanding of climate change impacts on marine ecosystems. Wesuggest that, as in other fields of science, it is important to develop incrementally (or radically) new approaches and analyses that extend, and ultimately improve, our understanding and projections of climate change effects on marine ecosystems.
C1 [Cheung, William W. L.] Univ British Columbia, Fisheries Ctr, Changing Ocean Res Unit, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Cheung, William W. L.] Univ British Columbia, Fisheries Ctr, Nippon Fdn Nereus Program, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Pauly, Daniel] Univ British Columbia, Sea Us Project, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Sarmiento, Jorge L.] Atmospher & Ocean Sci Program, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Cheung, WWL (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Fisheries Ctr, Changing Ocean Res Unit, 2204 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
EM w.cheung@fisheries.ubc.ca
RI , William/F-5104-2013
OI , William/0000-0003-3626-1045
FU Nippon Foundation-Nereus Program; National Geographic Society; Natural
Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Sea Around Us
project; University of British Columbia
FX WWLC and JLS acknowledge funding support from Nippon Foundation-Nereus
Program. WWLC is also funded by National Geographic Society and Natural
Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. DP is funded by the
Sea Around Us project, and scientific collaboration between the
University of British Columbia.
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PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1054-3139
EI 1095-9289
J9 ICES J MAR SCI
JI ICES J. Mar. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 6
BP 1069
EP 1074
DI 10.1093/icesjms/fst133
PG 6
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 207WO
UT WOS:000323635600003
ER
PT J
AU Legault, CM
Brooks, EN
AF Legault, Christopher M.
Brooks, Elizabeth N.
TI Can stock-recruitment points determine which spawning potential ratio is
the best proxy for maximum sustainable yield reference points?
SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE maximum sustainable yield; proxy reference points; replacement line;
stockrecruitment
ID BIOLOGICAL REFERENCE POINTS; EXPLOITATION; MANAGEMENT
AB The approach of examining scatter plots of stock-recruitment (S-R) estimates to determine appropriate spawning potential ratio (SPR)based proxies for FMSY was investigated through simulation. As originally proposed, the approach assumed that points above a replacement line indicate year classes that produced a surplus of spawners, while points below that line failed to achieve replacement. In practice, this has been implemented by determining Fmed, the fishing mortality rate that produces a replacement line with 50% of the points above and 50% below the line. Anew variation on this approach suggests FMSY proxies can be determined by examining the distribution of S-R points that are above or below replacement lines associated with specific SPRs. Through both analytical calculations and stochastic results, we demonstrate that this approach is fundamentally flawed and that in some cases the inference is diametrically opposed to the method's intended purpose. We reject this approach as a tool for determining FMSY proxies. We recommend that the current proxy of F40% be maintained as appropriate for a typical groundfish life history.
C1 [Legault, Christopher M.; Brooks, Elizabeth N.] Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Legault, CM (reprint author), Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM chris.legault@noaa.gov
NR 21
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 14
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1054-3139
J9 ICES J MAR SCI
JI ICES J. Mar. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 6
BP 1075
EP 1080
DI 10.1093/icesjms/fst105
PG 6
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 207WO
UT WOS:000323635600004
ER
PT J
AU Barbeaux, SJ
Horne, JK
Dorn, MW
AF Barbeaux, Steven J.
Horne, John K.
Dorn, Martin W.
TI Characterizing walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) winter
distribution from opportunistic acoustic data
SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Bering Sea; cooperative monitoring; fisheries acoustics; geostatistics;
opportunistic data collection; pattern description; spatial statistics;
Theragra chalcogramma; time-series analysis; walleye pollock
ID EASTERN BERING-SEA; SPATIAL DISTRIBUTIONS; SCALE; BEHAVIOR; MODEL; FISH;
PREY; PREDATORS; ECOSYSTEM; SEABIRDS
AB In 2003, acoustic data from 25 000 km of ship track lines were collected from two fishing vessels participating in the eastern Bering Sea walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) fishery. Although these data were not calibrated or collected on a systematic grid, their broad temporal extent combined with high spatial resolution facilitated the examination of the distribution and behaviour of fished aggregations. To demonstrate their scientific applicability, these data were used to identify the spatio-temporal dynamics of pollock aggregations over scales ranging from hundreds of metres to hundreds of kilometres and from minutes to months. The spatial analysis identified three levels of pollock aggregation. The largest regions of high pollock density had an average diameter of 110 km and were comparable with distinct fishing grounds identified by fishers. The next smaller areas of high pollock density had a diameter between 2.5 and 6 km. Within these areas were clusters of pollock at even higher densities. The extent of the smallest aggregations ranged in diameter from 0.1 km in daylight to 0.6 km at night. Time-series analysis identified vertical and horizontal diel changes in pollock distribution and an overall decline in pollock density over the study period.
C1 [Barbeaux, Steven J.; Horne, John K.; Dorn, Martin W.] NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Barbeaux, Steven J.; Horne, John K.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fisheries Sci, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
RP Barbeaux, SJ (reprint author), NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM steve.barbeaux@noaa.gov
FU Pollock Conservation Cooperative Research Center
FX The authors would like to thank Jim Ianelli and Terrance Quinn II for
their work in helping develop the opportunistic acoustic data collection
project in Alaska. We would also like to thank the anonymous owners and
operators of the fishing vessels and fishing companies for collecting
the opportunistic acoustic data. This work would not have been possible
without the hard work of the North Pacific groundfish observers and NMFS
observer program staff. This work was financially supported in part by a
grant from the Pollock Conservation Cooperative Research Center.
NR 45
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 18
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1054-3139
J9 ICES J MAR SCI
JI ICES J. Mar. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 6
BP 1162
EP 1173
DI 10.1093/icesjms/fst052
PG 12
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 207WO
UT WOS:000323635600013
ER
PT J
AU Peterson, MJ
Mueter, F
Hanselman, D
Lunsford, C
Matkin, C
Fearnbach, H
AF Peterson, Megan J.
Mueter, Franz
Hanselman, Dana
Lunsford, Chris
Matkin, Craig
Fearnbach, Holly
TI Killer whale (Orcinus orca) depredation effects on catch rates of six
groundfish species: implications for commercial longline fisheries in
Alaska
SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE depredation; groundfish; killer whales; longline; marine mammals;
Pacific halibut; sablefish
ID TOOTHFISH DISSOSTICHUS-ELEGINOIDES; SOUTHEASTERN BERING-SEA; ADJACENT
WATERS; SOUTH GEORGIA; SPERM-WHALES; PHYSETER-MACROCEPHALUS; ALEUTIAN
ISLANDS; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; MARINE MAMMALS; FISHING GEAR
AB Killer whale (Orcinus orca) depredation occurs when whales damage or remove fish caught on longline gear. This study uses National Marine Fisheries Service longline survey data from 1998-2011 to explore spatial and temporal trends in killer whale depredation and to quantify the effect of killer whale depredation on catches of six groundfish species within three management areas in Alaska: the Bering Sea, Aleutian Islands and Western Gulf of Alaska. When killer whales were present during survey gear retrieval, whales removed an estimated 54-72% of sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria), 41-84% of arrowtooth flounder (Atheresthes stomias) and 73% (Bering Sea only) of Greenland turbot (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides). Effects on Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis) and Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) were significant in the Western Gulf only with 51% and 46% reductions, respectively. Overall catches (depredated and non-depredated sets) for all groundfish species significantly impacted by killer whale depredation were lower by 9-28% (p, 0.05). Effects on shortspine thornyhead (Sebastolobus alascanus) catches were not significant in any management area (p. 0.05). These results provide insight into the potential impacts of killer whale depredation on fish stock abundance indices and commercially important fisheries in Alaska and will inform future research on apex predator-fisheries interactions.
C1 [Peterson, Megan J.; Mueter, Franz] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Hanselman, Dana; Lunsford, Chris] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Auke Bay Labs, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Matkin, Craig] North Gulf Ocean Soc, Homer, AK 99603 USA.
[Fearnbach, Holly] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Peterson, MJ (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, 17101 Point Lena Loop Rd, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
EM mjpeterson6@alaska.edu
FU National Marine Fisheries Service; Rasmuson Fisheries Research Center;
National Science Foundation (NSF) Marine Ecosystem Sustainability in the
Arctic and Subarctic (MESAS) IGERT [DGE-0801720]; NSF Arctic Social
Sciences Program [1107401]
FX This research received funding from the National Marine Fisheries
Service, and was also supported by the Rasmuson Fisheries Research
Center, the National Science Foundation (NSF) Marine Ecosystem
Sustainability in the Arctic and Subarctic (MESAS) IGERT (Award
DGE-0801720), and the NSF Arctic Social Sciences Program (Award
1107401).
NR 56
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 3
U2 47
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1054-3139
EI 1095-9289
J9 ICES J MAR SCI
JI ICES J. Mar. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 6
BP 1220
EP 1232
DI 10.1093/icesjms/fst045
PG 13
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 207WO
UT WOS:000323635600018
ER
PT J
AU Pinchuk, AI
Coyle, KO
Farley, EV
Renner, HM
AF Pinchuk, Alexei I.
Coyle, Kenneth O.
Farley, Edward V.
Renner, Heather M.
TI Emergence of the Arctic Themisto libellula (Amphipoda: Hyperiidae) on
the southeastern Bering Sea shelf as a result of the recent cooling, and
its potential impact on the pelagic food web
SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Themisto libellula; Bering Sea; climate change
ID OSCILLATING CONTROL HYPOTHESIS; MARGINAL ICE-ZONE; BARENTS SEA;
ST-LAWRENCE; NORTH PACIFIC; ZOOPLANKTON; ECOSYSTEM; VARIABILITY; GROWTH;
ALASKA
AB The eastern Bering Sea shelf experienced a sequence of warm years after a regime shift in the late 1970s. Following a series of unusually warm years in the early 2000s, the climate shifted again in 2007 to a series of extremely cold years that were marked by intense ice coverage and late ice retreat. Spatial and temporal variability in zooplankton communities during the recent cold period was investigated as part of the collaborative BEST-BSIERP program. An increasing presence of the Arctic hyperiid Themisto libellula, which had not been reported from the southeastern Bering Sea since the 1970s, was observed in the Middle Shelf Domain, indicating a developing structural shift in the zooplankton community in response to continuous cold conditions. Simultaneously, T. libellula became an increasingly dominant prey in the diets of zooplanktivorous fish and seabirds, demonstrating the important role for T. libellula in the pelagic food web. Our analysis suggests that T. libellula is capable of controlling copepod populations, thus it may become a potential contributor to top-down regulation of Calanus spp. in the eastern Bering Sea.
C1 [Pinchuk, Alexei I.] Univ Alaska, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Coyle, Kenneth O.] Univ Alaska, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Farley, Edward V.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Auke Bay Lab, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Renner, Heather M.] Alaska Maritime NWR, Homer, AK 99603 USA.
RP Pinchuk, AI (reprint author), Univ Alaska, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, 17101 Point Lena Loop Rd, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
EM aipinchuk@alaska.edu
FU National Science Foundation as part of the BEST program [ARC-0816805,
ARC-0946402, ARC-1107203]; North Pacific Research Board;
Arctic-Yukon-Kuskokwim Sustainable Salmon Initiative [AYICSI-NA16FP2993]
FX Zooplankton collections were supported by the National Science
Foundation as part of the BEST program (Award Nos. ARC-0816805,
ARC-0946402 and ARC-1107203). BASIS efforts were conducted by the
National Marine Fisheries Service and funded by the North Pacific
Research Board and the Arctic-Yukon-Kuskokwim Sustainable Salmon
Initiative (Award No. AYICSI-NA16FP2993).
NR 66
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 22
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1054-3139
EI 1095-9289
J9 ICES J MAR SCI
JI ICES J. Mar. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 6
BP 1244
EP 1254
DI 10.1093/icesjms/fst031
PG 11
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 207WO
UT WOS:000323635600020
ER
PT J
AU Provenzano, V
Della Torre, E
Bennett, LH
AF Provenzano, Virgil
Della Torre, Edward
Bennett, Lawrence H.
TI Study of Magnetizing Processes in Ni50Mn35In15 Heusler Alloy
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Demagnetization; magnetic hysteresis; magnetization processes;
magnetization reversal; nickel alloy
ID ENTROPY CHANGE; MARTENSITIC PHASE; REFRIGERATION; TRANSITION
AB In the vicinity of the first-order transition temperature, the Ni50Mn35In15 Heusler alloy exhibits interesting magnetizing processes. The virgin curve at 280 K lies entirely outside the major loop, and the area of the MH loop formed by the virgin curve and the sequential descending curve is significantly larger than that of the major loop. At 275 K, the virgin curve lies slightly outside the major loop, and the area of the loop containing the virgin curve is slightly larger than that of the major loop. These differences are attributed to the different initial magnetic states of the alloy at the two temperatures. The initial state at 280 K is a mixed state, consisting of a low magnetization majority phase and a high magnetization minority phase. The initial state at 275 K is almost all the low magnetization phase. At both temperatures, a strong enough field converts the low magnetization phase to the high magnetization phase. The initial state affects the reverse transition from high to low magnetization phase upon cycling the field back to zero. The behavior of the virgin curve, major loop, and related properties is a complex function of the field and initial state. Similar behavior is expected in other Heusler alloys and other materials exhibiting first-order magneto structural transitions.
C1 [Provenzano, Virgil] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Della Torre, Edward; Bennett, Lawrence H.] George Washington Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
RP Della Torre, E (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
EM edt@gwu.edu
FU Department of Energy [DE-EE0003839]
FX The authors would like to thank H. ElBidweihy, M. Ghahremani, S. Gu, and
G. Kahler of George Washington University for their helpful discussions.
This work is supported by the Department of Energy under Award Number
DE-EE0003839.
NR 20
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 22
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9464
J9 IEEE T MAGN
JI IEEE Trans. Magn.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 49
IS 9
BP 4956
EP 4959
DI 10.1109/TMAG.2013.2258166
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA 207ZU
UT WOS:000323644700003
ER
PT J
AU Thacker, RW
Hill, AL
Hill, MS
Redmond, NE
Collins, AG
Morrow, CC
Spicer, L
Carmack, CA
Zappe, ME
Pohlmann, D
Hall, C
Diaz, MC
Bangalore, PV
AF Thacker, Robert W.
Hill, April L.
Hill, Malcolm S.
Redmond, Niamh E.
Collins, Allen G.
Morrow, Christine C.
Spicer, Lori
Carmack, Cheryl A.
Zappe, Megan E.
Pohlmann, Deborah
Hall, Chelsea
Diaz, Maria C.
Bangalore, Purushotham V.
TI Nearly Complete 28S rRNA Gene Sequences Confirm New Hypotheses of Sponge
Evolution
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Assembling the Poriferan Tree of Life at the Annual Meeting
of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB)
CY JAN 03-07, 2013
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol (SICB)
ID CLASS DEMOSPONGIAE; PHYLOGENY; PORIFERA; SYSTEMATICS; SUPPORT; PHYLUM;
RDNA
AB The highly collaborative research sponsored by the NSF-funded Assembling the Porifera Tree of Life (PorToL) project is providing insights into some of the most difficult questions in metazoan systematics. Our understanding of phylogenetic relationships within the phylum Porifera has changed considerably with increased taxon sampling and data from additional molecular markers. PorToL researchers have falsified earlier phylogenetic hypotheses, discovered novel phylogenetic alliances, found phylogenetic homes for enigmatic taxa, and provided a more precise understanding of the evolution of skeletal features, secondary metabolites, body organization, and symbioses. Some of these exciting new discoveries are shared in the papers that form this issue of Integrative and Comparative Biology. Our analyses of over 300 nearly complete 28S ribosomal subunit gene sequences provide specific case studies that illustrate how our dataset confirms new hypotheses of sponge evolution. We recovered monophyletic clades for all 4 classes of sponges, as well as the 4 major clades of Demospongiae (Keratosa, Myxospongiae, Haploscleromorpha, and Heteroscleromorpha), but our phylogeny differs in several aspects from traditional classifications. In most major clades of sponges, families within orders appear to be paraphyletic. Although additional sampling of genes and taxa are needed to establish whether this pattern results from a lack of phylogenetic resolution or from a paraphyletic classification system, many of our results are congruent with those obtained from 18S ribosomal subunit gene sequences and complete mitochondrial genomes. These data provide further support for a revision of the traditional classification of sponges.
C1 [Thacker, Robert W.; Carmack, Cheryl A.; Zappe, Megan E.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Biol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA.
[Hill, April L.; Hill, Malcolm S.; Spicer, Lori; Pohlmann, Deborah; Hall, Chelsea] Univ Richmond, Dept Biol, Richmond, VA 23173 USA.
[Redmond, Niamh E.; Collins, Allen G.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Collins, Allen G.] NOAA, Natl Systemat Lab, Fisheries Serv, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC USA.
[Morrow, Christine C.] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Biol Sci, MBC, Belfast BT9 7BL, Antrim, North Ireland.
[Diaz, Maria C.] Museo Marino Margarita, Boca Del Rio, Nueva Esparta, Venezuela.
[Bangalore, Purushotham V.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Comp & Informat Sci, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA.
RP Thacker, RW (reprint author), Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Biol, 1300 Univ Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA.
EM thacker@uab.edu
RI Hill, Malcolm/B-6204-2015;
OI Morrow, Christine/0000-0001-5686-8747; Collins,
Allen/0000-0002-3664-9691
FU NIAID NIH HHS [P30 AI027767]
NR 29
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 37
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 53
IS 3
BP 373
EP 387
DI 10.1093/icb/ict071
PG 15
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 205MQ
UT WOS:000323448800001
PM 23748742
ER
PT J
AU Redmond, NE
Morrow, CC
Thacker, RW
Diaz, MC
Boury-Esnault, N
Cardenas, P
Hajdu, E
Lobo-Hajdu, G
Picton, BE
Pomponi, SA
Kayal, E
Collins, AG
AF Redmond, N. E.
Morrow, C. C.
Thacker, R. W.
Diaz, M. C.
Boury-Esnault, N.
Cardenas, P.
Hajdu, E.
Lobo-Hajdu, G.
Picton, B. E.
Pomponi, S. A.
Kayal, E.
Collins, A. G.
TI Phylogeny and Systematics of Demospongiae in Light of New Small-Subunit
Ribosomal DNA (18S) Sequences
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Assembling the Poriferan Tree of Life at the Annual Meeting
of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB)
CY JAN 03-07, 2013
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol (SICB)
ID GLASS SPONGES PORIFERA; PHYLUM PORIFERA; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; ANIMAL
PHYLOGENY; GENE-SEQUENCES; FOSSIL RECORD; EVOLUTION; HEXACTINELLIDA;
CLASSIFICATION; VERONGIDA
AB The most diverse and species-rich class of the phylum Porifera is Demospongiae. In recent years, the systematics of this clade, which contains more than 7000 species, has developed rapidly in light of new studies combining molecular and morphological observations. We add more than 500 new, nearly complete 18S sequences (an increase of more than 200%) in an attempt to further enhance understanding of the phylogeny of Demospongiae. Our study specifically targets representation of type species and genera that have never been sampled for any molecular data in an effort to accelerate progress in classifying this diverse lineage. Our analyses recover four highly supported subclasses of Demospongiae: Keratosa, Myxospongiae, Haploscleromorpha, and Heteroscleromorpha. Within Keratosa, neither Dendroceratida, nor its two families, Darwinellidae and Dictyodendrillidae, are monophyletic and Dictyoceratida is divided into two lineages, one predominantly composed of Dysideidae and the second containing the remaining families (Irciniidae, Spongiidae, Thorectidae, and Verticillitidae). Within Myxospongiae, we find Chondrosida to be paraphyletic with respect to the Verongida. We amend the latter to include species of the genus Chondrosia and erect a new order Chondrillida to contain remaining taxa from Chondrosida, which we now discard. Even with increased taxon sampling of Haploscleromorpha, our analyses are consistent with previous studies; however, Haliclona species are interspersed in even more clades. Haploscleromorpha contains five highly supported clades, each more diverse than previously recognized, and current families are mostly polyphyletic. In addition, we reassign Janulum spinispiculum to Haploscleromorpha and resurrect Reniera filholi as Janulum filholi comb. nov. Within the large clade Heteroscleromorpha, we confirmed 12 recently identified clades based on alternative data, as well as a sister-group relationship between the freshwater Spongillida and the family Vetulinidae. We transfer Stylissa flabelliformis to the genus Scopalina within the family Scopalinidae, which is of uncertain position. Our analyses uncover a large, strongly supported clade containing all heteroscleromorphs other than Spongillida, Vetulinidae, and Scopalinidae. Within this clade, there is a major division separating Axinellidae, Biemnida, Tetractinellida, Bubaridae, Stelligeridae, Raspailiidae, and some species of Petromica, Topsentia, and Axinyssa from Agelasida, Polymastiidae, Placospongiidae, Clionaidae, Spirastrellidae, Tethyidae, Poecilosclerida, Halichondriidae, Suberitidae, and Trachycladus. Among numerous results: (1) Spirophorina and its family Tetillidae are paraphyletic with respect to a strongly supported Astrophorina within Tetractinellida; (2) Agelasida is the earliest diverging lineage within the second clade listed above; and (3) Merlia and Desmacella appear to be the earliest diverging lineages of Poecilosclerida.
C1 [Redmond, N. E.; Collins, A. G.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Morrow, C. C.] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Biol Sci, MBC, Belfast BT9 7BL, Antrim, North Ireland.
[Thacker, R. W.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Biol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA.
[Diaz, M. C.] Museo Marino Margarita, Boca Del Rio, Nueva Esparta, Venezuela.
[Boury-Esnault, N.] Univ Aix Marseille, Marine Endoume Stn, IMBE CNRS UMR7263, F-13007 Marseille, France.
[Cardenas, P.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Systemat Biol, Evolutionary Biol Ctr, S-75236 Uppsala, Sweden.
[Hajdu, E.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Museu Nacl, Dept Invertebrados, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
[Lobo-Hajdu, G.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, IBRAG, Dept Genet, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
[Picton, B. E.] Natl Museums Northern Ireland, Dept Nat Sci, Holywood BT18 0EU, North Ireland.
[Pomponi, S. A.] Florida Atlantic Univ, Harbor Branch Oceanog Inst, Ft Pierce, FL 34946 USA.
[Kayal, E.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Lab Analyt Biol, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Collins, A. G.] NOAA, Natl Systemat Lab, Fisheries Serv, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Redmond, NE (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
EM collinsa@si.edu
RI Lobo-Hajdu, G/A-6709-2008; Hajdu, Eduardo/C-3863-2009;
OI Lobo-Hajdu, G/0000-0001-7792-9609; Morrow,
Christine/0000-0001-5686-8747; Picton, Bernard/0000-0002-1500-2215;
Collins, Allen/0000-0002-3664-9691
NR 111
TC 43
Z9 43
U1 3
U2 44
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
EI 1557-7023
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 53
IS 3
BP 388
EP 415
DI 10.1093/icb/ict078
PG 28
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 205MQ
UT WOS:000323448800002
PM 23793549
ER
PT J
AU Klautau, M
Azevedo, F
Condor-Lujan, B
Rapp, HT
Collins, A
Russo, CAD
AF Klautau, Michelle
Azevedo, Fernanda
Condor-Lujan, Baslavi
Rapp, Hans Tore
Collins, Allen
de Moraes Russo, Claudia Augusta
TI A Molecular Phylogeny for the Order Clathrinida Rekindles and Refines
Haeckel's Taxonomic Proposal for Calcareous Sponges
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Assembling the Poriferan Tree of Life at the Annual Meeting
of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB)
CY JAN 03-07, 2013
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol (SICB)
ID PORIFERA; CALCINEA; CLASSIFICATION; EVOLUTION; NUCULA; COAST; DNA
AB Most biological groups are still longing for a phylogenetically sound taxonomic organization. In this article, we aimed to verify the consistency of morphological characters in calcarean sponges of the well-known non-monophyletic order Clathrinida using a molecular phylogeny. For this we included 50 species, including six type species, currently assigned to eight different genera. A maximum likelihood topology was generated for the nuclear ITS marker using the General Time Reversible model and the bootstrap reliability test. Our topology indicated 10 clathrinid clades that included species with consistent morphological characters. In the present study, we defined nine of these clades as clathrinid genera, including four newly described and two newly diagnosed genera. Recent studies have indicated that not much phylogenetic information may be found in morphology, but our findings contradict this general assertion. Our study confirms the suitability of skeleton and body anastomosis as valid characters in a phylogenetically sound taxonomy for the order. Interestingly, we have also found that, apart from the Calcinea/Calcaronea split and a few minor details, Haeckel's original proposal is remarkably similar to our own, which was based on a molecular phylogeny 140 years later.
C1 [Klautau, Michelle; Azevedo, Fernanda; Condor-Lujan, Baslavi] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Biol, Dept Zool, BR-21941902 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
[Rapp, Hans Tore] Univ Bergen, Dept Biol, N-5020 Bergen, Norway.
[Rapp, Hans Tore] Univ Bergen, Ctr Geobiol, N-5020 Bergen, Norway.
[Collins, Allen] NOAA, Natl Systemat Lab, Fisheries Serv, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Collins, Allen] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[de Moraes Russo, Claudia Augusta] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Biol, Dept Genet, BR-21941902 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
RP Klautau, M (reprint author), Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Biol, Dept Zool, BR-21941902 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
EM mklautau@biologia.ufrj.br
RI Russo, Claudia/I-1217-2012; Klautau, Michelle/I-2041-2012;
OI Russo, Claudia/0000-0002-1252-9206; Klautau,
Michelle/0000-0002-5959-0776; Collins, Allen/0000-0002-3664-9691; CONDOR
LUJAN, BASLAVI/0000-0001-7832-7319
NR 32
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 11
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
EI 1557-7023
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 53
IS 3
BP 447
EP 461
DI 10.1093/icb/ict039
PG 15
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 205MQ
UT WOS:000323448800005
PM 23704365
ER
PT J
AU Hajdu, E
de Paula, TS
Redmond, NE
Cosme, B
Collins, AG
Lobo-Hajdu, G
AF Hajdu, Eduardo
de Paula, Thiago S.
Redmond, Niamh E.
Cosme, Bruno
Collins, Allen G.
Lobo-Hajdu, Gisele
TI Mycalina: Another Crack in the Poecilosclerida Framework
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Assembling the Poriferan Tree of Life at the Annual Meeting
of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB)
CY JAN 03-07, 2013
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol (SICB)
ID CLADORHIZIDAE POECILOSCLERIDA; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; RIBOSOMAL-RNA;
DEMOSPONGIAE; PORIFERA; SPONGES; MITOCHONDRIAL; HYPOTHESES; NUCLEAR;
ORIGIN
AB This is the first phylogenetic analysis integrating both morphological and molecular data of the sponge suborder Mycalina (Poecilosclerida), which was erected in 1994. A cladistic analysis of morphology supported the monophyly of Cladorhizidae (including Euchelipluma), Guitarridae (excluding Euchelipluma), Isodictyidae, Latrunculiidae, and Podospongiidae but rejected monophyly for Desmacellidae, Esperiopsidae, Hamacanthidae, and Mycalidae. Analyses of partial 16S and partial 28S rRNA datasets combined, as well as that of a complete 18S rDNA dataset, suggest that Mycalina is not monophyletic; Biemnidae is only distantly related to other poecilosclerids; Merlia and Desmacella branch near the base of a diverse Poecilosclerida clade; Mycalidae is monophyletic (excluding Mycale [Anomomycale] titubans in 18S); and Esperiopsidae and Isodictyidae form a clade. Analyses of the two molecular datasets differed on the monophyly of Podospongiidae and about the relationship of Podospongiidae to Isodictyidae + Esperiopsidae.
C1 [Hajdu, Eduardo] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Museu Nacl, BR-20940040 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
[de Paula, Thiago S.; Cosme, Bruno; Lobo-Hajdu, Gisele] Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro, Dept Genet, Inst Biol Roberto Alcantara Gomes, PHLC, BR-20550013 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
[Redmond, Niamh E.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Collins, Allen G.] NOAA, Natl Systemat Lab, Fisheries Serv, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Collins, Allen G.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Hajdu, E (reprint author), Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Museu Nacl, Quinta da Boa Vista S-N, BR-20940040 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
EM eduardo.hajdu@gmail.com
RI Lobo-Hajdu, G/A-6709-2008; de Paula, Thiago/B-4301-2014; Hajdu,
Eduardo/C-3863-2009; Cosme, Bruno/R-8115-2016
OI Lobo-Hajdu, G/0000-0001-7792-9609; Collins, Allen/0000-0002-3664-9691;
de Paula, Thiago/0000-0003-4468-4996; Cosme, Bruno/0000-0002-1985-2540
NR 50
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 12
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 53
IS 3
BP 462
EP 472
DI 10.1093/icb/ict074
PG 11
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 205MQ
UT WOS:000323448800006
PM 23798622
ER
PT J
AU Diaz, MC
Thacker, RW
Redmond, NE
Matterson, KO
Collins, AG
AF Diaz, Maria C.
Thacker, Robert W.
Redmond, Niamh E.
Matterson, Kenan O.
Collins, Allen G.
TI Phylogenetic Novelties and Geographic Anomalies among Tropical Verongida
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Assembling the Poriferan Tree of Life at the Annual Meeting
of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology (SICB)
CY JAN 03-07, 2013
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol (SICB)
ID MARINE SPONGES; PORIFERA; CHITIN
AB Exploring marine sponges from shallow tropical reefs of the Caribbean and western Central Pacific, as part of large biodiversity (Moorea Biocode Project) and evolutionary (Porifera Tree of Life) research projects, we encountered 13 skeleton-less specimens, initially divided in two morphological groups, which had patterns of coloration and oxidation typical of taxa of the order Verongida (Demospongiae). The first group of samples inhabited open and cryptic habitats of shallow (15-20 m) Caribbean reefs at Bocas del Toro Archipelago, Panama. The second group inhabited schiophilous (e.g., inner coral framework and crevices) habitats on shallow reefs (0.5-20 m deep) in Moorea Island, French Polynesia. We applied an integrative approach by combining analyses of external morphology, histological observations, 18S rDNA, and mtCOI to determine the identity and the relationships of these unknown taxa within the order Verongida. Molecular analyses revealed that none of the species studied belonged to Hexadella (Ianthellidae, Verongida), the only fibreless genus of the Order Verongida currently recognized. The species from the Caribbean locality of Bocas del Toro (Panama) belong to the family Ianthellidae and is closely related to the Pacific genera Ianthella and Anomoianthella, both with well-developed fiber reticulations. We suggest the erection of a new generic denomination to include this novel eurypylous, fibreless ianthellid. The species collected in Moorea were all diplodal verongid taxa, with high affinities to a clade containing Pseudoceratina, Verongula, and Aiolochroia, a Pacific and two Caribbean genera, respectively. These unknown species represented at least three different taxa distinguished by DNA sequence analysis and morphological characteristics. Two new genera and a new species of Pseudoceratina are here proposed to accommodate these novel biological discoveries. The evolutionary and ecological meaning of having or lacking a fiber skeleton within Verongida is challenged under the evidence of the existence of fibreless genera within various verongid clades. Furthermore, the discovery of a fibreless Peudoceratina suggests that the possession of a spongin-chitin fiber reticulation is an "ecological" plastic trait that might be lost under certain conditions, such us growing within another organism's skeletal framework. These results raise new questions about the ecological and evolutionary significance of the development of a fiber skeleton and of sponges' adaptability to various environmental conditions.
C1 [Diaz, Maria C.] Museo Marino, Nueva Esparta, Venezuela.
[Thacker, Robert W.; Matterson, Kenan O.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Biol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA.
[Redmond, Niamh E.] Smithsonian Inst, NMNH, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Collins, Allen G.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Collins, Allen G.] NOAA, Natl Systemat Lab, Fisheries Serv, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC USA.
RP Diaz, MC (reprint author), Museo Marino, Blvd Boca Del Rio, Nueva Esparta, Venezuela.
EM taxochica@gmail.com; thacker@uab.edu
OI Collins, Allen/0000-0002-3664-9691
NR 23
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 16
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 53
IS 3
BP 482
EP 494
DI 10.1093/icb/ict033
PG 13
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 205MQ
UT WOS:000323448800008
PM 23624868
ER
PT J
AU Fox, S
Foisy, I
Venegas, RD
Pastoriza, BEG
Graham, RT
Hoffmayer, ER
Holmberg, J
Pierce, SJ
AF Fox, S.
Foisy, I.
De La Parra Venegas, R.
Galvan Pastoriza, B. E.
Graham, R. T.
Hoffmayer, E. R.
Holmberg, J.
Pierce, S. J.
TI Population structure and residency of whale sharks Rhincodon typus at
Utila, Bay Islands, Honduras
SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Atlantic; movement; philopatry; sexual segregation; site fidelity
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; DIVING BEHAVIOR; INDIAN-OCEAN; IDENTIFICATION;
CONSERVATION; PATTERNS; REEF; SIZE; PHOTOIDENTIFICATION; AGGREGATION
AB There were 479 reported whale shark Rhincodon typus encounters between 1999 and 2011 at the island of Utila, which forms part of the Meso-American Barrier Reef System (MBRS) in the western Caribbean Sea. The majority of R. typus were found to feed on small bait fish associated with various tuna species. Ninety-five individual R. typus, ranging from 2 to 11 m total length (L-T), were identified through their unique spot patterns. A significant male bias (65%) was present. There was no significant difference between the mean +/- S.D. L-T of female (6.66 +/- 1.65 m) and male (6.25 +/- 1.60 m) R. typus. Most R. typus were transient to Utila, with 78% sighted only within a single calendar year, although some individuals were sighted in up to 5 years. Mean residency time was modelled to be 11.76 days using maximum likelihood methods. (C) 2013 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles
C1 [Fox, S.; Foisy, I.] Utila Whale Shark Res, Utila, Honduras.
[De La Parra Venegas, R.; Galvan Pastoriza, B. E.] Ch Ooj Ajauil AC, Cancun, Quintana Roo, Mexico.
[Graham, R. T.] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Gulf & Caribbean Sharks & Rays Program, Punta Gorda, Belize.
[Hoffmayer, E. R.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Mississippi Labs, Pascagoula, MS 39567 USA.
[Holmberg, J.; Pierce, S. J.] ECOCEAN USA, Portland, OR 97217 USA.
[Pierce, S. J.] Marine Megafauna Fdn, Tofo Beach, Inhambane, Mozambique.
RP Pierce, SJ (reprint author), ECOCEAN USA, 1726 N Terry St, Portland, OR 97217 USA.
EM simon@marinemegafauna.org
FU Office of Naval Research [N0270A]; Deep Blue Resort; Swiss Shark
Foundation
FX Thanks to all of the organizations and individuals that submitted
sighting data to the ECOCEAN Global Whale Shark Photo-Identification
Database, particularly the Whale Shark and Oceanic Research Center in
Utila. S.J.P.'s work on this study was supported by Deep Blue Resort,
the Swiss Shark Foundation and private donors. Funding for the further
development of one of the software tools used in this study (the
Shepherd Project) was provided by the Office of Naval Research (contract
N0270A to C. S. Baker and D. Wright) as a part of the geneGIS Project.
We are grateful to the two anonymous reviewers for their constructive
comments which have improved this work.
NR 52
TC 11
Z9 13
U1 5
U2 59
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-1112
J9 J FISH BIOL
JI J. Fish Biol.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 83
IS 3
BP 574
EP 587
DI 10.1111/jfb.12195
PG 14
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 209CP
UT WOS:000323732100010
PM 23991875
ER
PT J
AU Beal, LM
Hormann, V
Lumpkin, R
Foltz, GR
AF Beal, L. M.
Hormann, V.
Lumpkin, R.
Foltz, G. R.
TI The Response of the Surface Circulation of the Arabian Sea to Monsoonal
Forcing
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Boundary currents; Currents; Ekman pumping; transport; Ocean
circulation; Planetary waves; Wind stress
ID INDIAN-OCEAN; SOUTHWEST MONSOON; TROPICAL PACIFIC; VARIABILITY;
DYNAMICS; CURRENTS; DRIFTERS; ALTIMETER; WIND
AB Two decades of drifter and satellite data allow the authors to describe the seasonal evolution of the surface circulation of the Arabian Sea, which reverses annually with the Indian monsoon winds. This study finds several features that advance current understanding. Most significantly, northward flow appears along the length of the western boundary, together with a weak anticyclone at 6 degrees N (a precursor to the Great Whirl) as early as March or April, one or two months before the southwest monsoon winds. This circulation is driven by planetary waves, which are initiated by wind curl forcing during the previous southwest monsoon, leading the authors to speculate that there is an oceanic mechanism through which one monsoon may precondition the next. Second, the authors find that the eastward South Equatorial Counter Current (SECC) is present year-round, fed by the northward East African Coastal Current (EACC). During the southwest monsoon the EACC overshoots the equator and splits, feeding both northward into the Somali Current and eastward into the SECC by looping back across the equator. This retroflection of the EACC is what was previously known as the southern gyre. At the surface, this circulation is obscured by strong, locally wind-driven, cross-equatorial transport. The semiannual variability of the SECC is governed by Ekman pumping over the equatorial gyre. Finally, there is broad, strong eastward flow at the mouth of the Gulf of Aden throughout the southwest monsoon, coincident with alongshore winds and a switch in sign of the wind stress curl along the axis of the atmospheric monsoon jet.
C1 [Beal, L. M.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Hormann, V.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Lumpkin, R.; Foltz, G. R.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Beal, LM (reprint author), Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM lbeal@rsmas.miami.edu
RI Foltz, Gregory/B-8710-2011; Lumpkin, Rick/C-9615-2009
OI Foltz, Gregory/0000-0003-0050-042X; Lumpkin, Rick/0000-0002-6690-1704
FU NOAA's Climate Program Office; Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological
Laboratory; Global Drifter Program, National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA) [NA10OAR4320156]; Centre National d'Etudes
Spatiales (CNES); National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Ocean Vector Winds Science Team
FX GF, VH, and RL were funded by NOAA's Climate Program Office and the
Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory. VH was also
supported by the Global Drifter Program, National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Grant NA10OAR4320156. Drifter data are
available at NOAA's Global Drifter Program
(http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/phod/dac). The altimeter products were
produced by Segment Sol multimissions d'ALTimetrie, d'Orbitographie et
de localisation precise (SSALTO)/Data Unification and Altimeter
Combination System (DUACS) and distributed by AVISO
(www.aviso.oceanobs.com/duacs), with support from Centre National
d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). QuikSCAT data are produced by Remote Sensing
Systems and sponsored by the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (NASA) Ocean Vector Winds Science Team and are available
online (www.remss.com). High-resolution sea surface temperature data
were produced by GHRSST (https://www.ghrsst.org/).
NR 36
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 2
U2 22
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-3670
J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR
JI J. Phys. Oceanogr.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 43
IS 9
BP 2008
EP 2022
DI 10.1175/JPO-D-13-033.1
PG 15
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 211FU
UT WOS:000323891800010
ER
PT J
AU Stensrud, DJ
AF Stensrud, David J.
TI Upscale Effects of Deep Convection during the North American Monsoon
SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE North America; Convection; Rossby waves; Monsoons; Regional models
ID TROPOSPHERIC JET STREAK; SOUTHWESTERN UNITED-STATES; MARITIME TROPICAL
AIR; GULF-OF-CALIFORNIA; MEXICAN MONSOON; SUMMER MONSOON; SUBTROPICAL
ANTICYCLONES; REGIONAL CLIMATE; ROSSBY WAVES; SURGE EVENT
AB The ability of deep monsoon convection to influence the larger-scale circulation over North America is investigated for a 6-day-long case study during the 2006 North American monsoon. Results from Rossby wave ray tracing and numerical simulations using the Advanced Research Weather Research and Forecasting model indicate that North American monsoon convection provides a source region for stationary Rossby waves. Two wave trains are seen in the numerical model simulations, with behaviors that agree well with expectations from theory and ray tracing. The shorter and faster-moving wave train moves eastward from the source region in Mexico and reaches the western Atlantic within 4 days. The longer and slower-moving wave train travels northeastward and reaches the coastal New England region within 6 days. An upstream tail of anticyclonic vorticity extends westward from the source region into the central Pacific Ocean.The monsoon convection appears to help cut off the low-level anticyclonic flow by developing low-level southerly flow in the Gulf of Mexico and northerly flow in the eastern Pacific, as suggested in earlier global model studies. However, the stationary Rossby wave trains further alter the location and intensity of deep convection in locations remote from the monsoon. These results suggest that unless a numerical model can correctly predict monsoon convection, the ability of the model to produce accurate forecasts of the large-scale pattern and associated convective activity beyond a few days is in question. This result may be important for global climate modeling, since an inaccurate prediction of monsoon convection would lead to an inaccurate Rossby wave response.
C1 [Stensrud, David J.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
RP Stensrud, DJ (reprint author), Natl Weather Ctr, Natl Severe Storms Lab, 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM david.stensrud@noaa.gov
NR 72
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 16
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-4928
J9 J ATMOS SCI
JI J. Atmos. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 9
BP 2681
EP 2695
DI 10.1175/JAS-D-13-063.1
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 211FJ
UT WOS:000323890400001
ER
PT J
AU Dias, J
Dias, PLS
Kiladis, GN
Gehne, M
AF Dias, Juliana
Silva Dias, Pedro L.
Kiladis, George N.
Gehne, Maria
TI Modulation of Shallow-Water Equatorial Waves due to a Varying Equivalent
Height Background
SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Inertia-gravity waves; Kelvin waves; Rossby waves; Shallow-water
equations; Waves; atmospheric; Tropical variability
ID CONVECTIVELY COUPLED WAVES; MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION; CLOUD-RESOLVING
MODEL; KELVIN WAVES; TROPICAL ATMOSPHERE; GRAVITY-WAVES; PART I;
PARAMETERIZATION; DISTURBANCES; VARIABILITY
AB The dynamics of convectively coupled equatorial waves (CCEWs) is analyzed in an idealized model of the large-scale atmospheric circulation. The model is composed of a linear rotating shallow-water system with a variable equivalent height, or equivalent gravity wave speed, which varies in space. This model is based on the hypothesis that moist convection acts to remove convective instability, therefore modulating the equivalent height of a shallow-water system. Asymptotic solutions are derived in the case of a small perturbation around a constant coefficient, which is assumed to be a mean moist equivalent height derived from satellite observations. The first-order solutions correspond to the free normal modes of the linear shallow-water system and the second-order flow is derived solving a perturbation eigenvalue problem. The asymptotic solutions are documented in the case of a zonally varying equivalent height and for wavenumbers and frequencies that are consistent with observations of CCEWs. This analysis shows that the dynamics of the secondary divergence and its impact on the full divergence varies mode by mode. For instance, for a negative equivalent height anomaly, which is interpreted as a moister background, the secondary divergence is nearly in phase with the primary divergence in the case of Kelvin wavesin contrast to mixed Rossby-gravity waves where the secondary divergence acts to attenuate the primary divergence. While highly idealized, the modeled waves share some features with observations, providing a mechanism for the relationship between CCEWs phase speed, amplitude, and horizontal structure.
C1 [Dias, Juliana; Kiladis, George N.] NOAA Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
[Silva Dias, Pedro L.] Natl Lab Sci Comp, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
[Silva Dias, Pedro L.] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Atmospher Sci, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[Gehne, Maria] NCAR NESL Climate & Global Dynam Div, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Dias, J (reprint author), NOAA ESRL R PSD1, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM juliana.dias@noaa.gov
RI Leite da Silva Dias, Pedro/H-1183-2016
OI Leite da Silva Dias, Pedro/0000-0002-4051-2962
FU NRC Research Associate fellowship; CNPQ (INCT-Climate Change)
FX We thank the anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful suggestions and
comments. J. Dias acknowledges the support by NRC Research Associate
fellowship and P. L. Silva Dias acknowledges the support by CNPQ
(INCT-Climate Change).
NR 48
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 13
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-4928
J9 J ATMOS SCI
JI J. Atmos. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 9
BP 2726
EP 2750
DI 10.1175/JAS-D-13-04.1
PG 25
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 211FJ
UT WOS:000323890400004
ER
PT J
AU Laake, JL
Johnson, DS
Conn, PB
AF Laake, Jeff L.
Johnson, Devin S.
Conn, Paul B.
TI marked: an R package for maximum likelihood and Markov Chain Monte Carlo
analysis of capture-recapture data
SO METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Automatic Differentiation Model Builder; capture-recapture;
Cormack-Jolly-Seber; Jolly-Seber; mark-recapture; Markov Chain Monte
Carlo; Population Analysis
ID MODELS; SURVIVAL; ANIMALS; HETEROGENEITY; POPULATIONS; SOFTWARE
AB 1. We describe an open-source r package, marked, for analysis of mark-recapture data to estimate survival and animal abundance.
2. Currently, marked is capable of fitting Cormack-Jolly-Seber (CJS) and Jolly-Seber models with maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) and CJS models with Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods. The CJS models can be fitted with MLE using optimization code in R or with Automatic Differentiation Model Builder. The latter allows incorporation of random effects.
3. Some package features include: (i) individual-specific time intervals between sampling occasions, (ii) generation of optimization starting values from generalized linear model approximations and (iii) prediction of demographic parameters associated with unique combinations of individual and time-specific covariates.
4. We demonstrate marked with a commonly analysed European dipper (Cinclus cinclus) data set.
5. The package will be most useful to ecologists with large mark-recapture data sets and many individual covariates.
C1 [Laake, Jeff L.; Johnson, Devin S.; Conn, Paul B.] NOAA, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Laake, JL (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM jeff.laake@noaa.gov
NR 23
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 41
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2041-210X
EI 2041-2096
J9 METHODS ECOL EVOL
JI Methods Ecol. Evol.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 4
IS 9
BP 885
EP 890
DI 10.1111/2041-210X.12065
PG 6
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 209ED
UT WOS:000323736200011
ER
PT J
AU Reasor, PD
Rogers, R
Lorsolo, S
AF Reasor, Paul D.
Rogers, Robert
Lorsolo, Sylvie
TI Environmental Flow Impacts on Tropical Cyclone Structure Diagnosed from
Airborne Doppler Radar Composites
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
DE Hurricanes; Hurricanes; typhoons; Tropical cyclones; Aircraft
observations; Radars; Radar observations
ID VERTICAL WIND SHEAR; HURRICANE-BONNIE 1998; HIGH-RESOLUTION SIMULATION;
BOUNDARY-LAYER JETS; INNER-CORE; PART II; KINEMATIC STRUCTURE; VORTEX
RESILIENCY; INTENSITY CHANGES; STORM MOTION
AB Following a recent demonstration of multicase compositing of axisymmetric tropical cyclone (TC) structure derived from airborne Doppler radar measurements, the authors extend the analysis to the asymmetric structure using an unprecedented database from 75 TC flights. In particular, they examine the precipitation and kinematic asymmetry forced by the TC's motion and interaction with vertical wind shear. For the first time they quantify the average magnitude and phase of the three-dimensional shear-relative kinematic asymmetry of observed TCs through a composite approach. The composite analysis confirms principal features of the shear-relative TC asymmetry documented in prior numerical and observational studies (e.g., downshear tilt, downshear-right convective initiation, and a downshear-left precipitation maximum). The statistical significance of the composite shear-relative structure is demonstrated through a stratification of cases by shear magnitude. The impact of storm motion on eyewall convective asymmetry appears to be secondary to the much greater constraint placed by vertical wind shear on the organization of convection, in agreement with prior studies using lightning and precipitation data.
C1 [Reasor, Paul D.; Rogers, Robert; Lorsolo, Sylvie] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Hurricane Res Div, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Lorsolo, Sylvie] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL USA.
RP Reasor, PD (reprint author), NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Hurricane Res Div, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM paul.reasor@noaa.gov
RI Reasor, Paul/B-2932-2014; Rogers, Robert/I-4428-2013
OI Reasor, Paul/0000-0001-6407-017X;
FU NOAA base funds through the NOAA Hurricane Forecast Improvement Project
(HFIP)
FX We thank Altug Aksoy, Jun Zhang, Michael Riemer, Yuqing Wang, and one
anonymous reviewer for their beneficial comments that have improved the
presentation and discussion of results. We thank John Gamache whose
efforts in developing and maintaining the automated software used to
quality control and analyze the Doppler radar data have greatly
facilitated this multicase endeavor. We are also grateful for the staff
of NOAA's Aircraft Operation Center whose countless hours of dedicated
service over the 75 flights represented here have made this study
possible. Funding for this work was provided by NOAA base funds through
the NOAA Hurricane Forecast Improvement Project (HFIP).
NR 60
TC 40
Z9 40
U1 1
U2 14
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 141
IS 9
BP 2949
EP 2969
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-12-00334.1
PG 21
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 208CZ
UT WOS:000323655400001
ER
PT J
AU Rogers, R
Reasor, P
Lorsolo, S
AF Rogers, Robert
Reasor, Paul
Lorsolo, Sylvie
TI Airborne Doppler Observations of the Inner-Core Structural Differences
between Intensifying and Steady-State Tropical Cyclones
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
DE Tropical cyclones; Aircraft observations; Remote sensing
ID HIGH-RESOLUTION SIMULATION; HURRICANE-BONNIE 1998; PREDICTION SCHEME
SHIPS; EYEWALL VERTICAL MOTION; SEA INTERACTION THEORY; NORTH PACIFIC
BASINS; PART II; RAPID INTENSIFICATION; FORECASTING EXPERIMENT;
KINEMATIC STRUCTURE
AB Differences in the inner-core structure of intensifying [IN; intensity increase of at least 20 kt (24 h)(-1), where 1 kt = 0.51 m s(-1)] and steady-state [SS; intensity remaining between +/- 10 kt (24 h)(-1)] tropical cyclones (TCs) are examined using composites of airborne Doppler observations collected from NOAA P-3 aircraft missions. The IN dataset contains 40 eyewall passes from 14 separate missions, while the SS dataset contains 53 eyewall passes from 14 separate missions. Intensifying TCs have a ringlike vorticity structure inside the radius of maximum wind (RMW); lower vorticity in the outer core; a deeper, stronger inflow layer; and stronger axisymmetric eyewall upward motion compared with steady-state TCs. There is little difference in the vortex tilt between 2 and 7 km, and both IN and SS TCs show an eyewall precipitation and updraft asymmetry whose maxima are located in the downshear and downshear-left region. The azimuthal coverage of eyewall and outer-core precipitation is greater for IN TCs. There is little difference in the distribution of downdrafts and weak to moderate updrafts in the eyewall. The primary difference is seen at the high end of the vertical velocity spectrum, where IN TCs have a larger number of convective bursts. These bursts accomplish more vertical mass flux, but they compose such a small portion of the total vertical velocity distribution that there is little difference in the shape of the net mass flux profile. The radial location of convective bursts for IN TCs is preferentially located inside the RMW, where the axisymmetric vorticity is generally higher, whereas for SS TCs the bursts are located outside the RMW.
C1 [Rogers, Robert; Reasor, Paul] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Hurricane Res Div, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Lorsolo, Sylvie] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL USA.
RP Rogers, R (reprint author), NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Hurricane Res Div, 4301 Rickenbacker Cswy, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM robert.rogers@noaa.gov
RI Reasor, Paul/B-2932-2014; Rogers, Robert/I-4428-2013
OI Reasor, Paul/0000-0001-6407-017X;
FU NOAA base funds through the NOAA Hurricane Forecast Improvement Project
(HFIP)
FX Our thanks go to Drs. Jun Zhang, Hua Chen, and two anonymous reviewers
who provided insightful comments on this manuscript that improved the
interpretation and presentation of the results. We thank Dr. John
Gamache, whose work on developing and implementing the automated Doppler
quality control and synthesis routines have been instrumental in
performing this work. We are grateful to all of the staff of NOAA's
Aircraft Operations Center (AOC) who have tirelessly and professionally
collected this data over many years. Funding for this work was provided
by NOAA base funds through the NOAA Hurricane Forecast Improvement
Project (HFIP).
NR 80
TC 48
Z9 49
U1 1
U2 10
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 141
IS 9
BP 2970
EP 2991
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-12-00357.1
PG 22
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 208CZ
UT WOS:000323655400002
ER
PT J
AU Vukicevic, T
Aksoy, A
Reasor, P
Aberson, SD
Sellwood, KJ
Marks, F
AF Vukicevic, Tomislava
Aksoy, Altug
Reasor, Paul
Aberson, Sim D.
Sellwood, Kathryn J.
Marks, Frank
TI Joint Impact of Forecast Tendency and State Error Biases in Ensemble
Kalman Filter Data Assimilation of Inner-Core Tropical Cyclone
Observations
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
DE Data assimilation
ID MODEL; SCALES; PREDICTABILITY; HURRICANES; MOTION; HWRFX
AB In this study the properties and causes of systematic errors in high-resolution data assimilation of inner-core tropical cyclone (TC) observations were investigated using the Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting (HWRF) Ensemble Data Assimilation System (HEDAS). Although a recent study by Aksoy et al. demonstrated overall good performance of HEDAS for 83 cases from 2008 to 2011 using airborne observations from research and operational aircraft, some systematic errors were identified in the analyses with respect to independent observation-based estimates. The axisymmetric primary circulation intensity was underestimated for hurricane cases and the secondary circulation was systematically weaker for all cases. The diagnostic analysis in this study shows that the underestimate of primary circulation was caused by the systematic spindown of the vortex core in the short-term forecasts during the cycling with observations. This tendency bias was associated with the systematic errors in the secondary circulation, temperature, and humidity. The biases were reoccurring in each cycle during the assimilation because of the inconsistency between the strength of primary and secondary circulation during the short-term forecasts, the impact of model error in planetary boundary layer dynamics, and the effect of forecast tendency bias on the background error correlations. Although limited to the current analysis the findings in this study point to a generic problem of mutual dependence of short-term forecast tendency and state estimate errors in the data assimilation of TC core observations. The results indicate that such coupling of errors in the assimilation would also lead to short-term intensity forecast bias after the assimilation for the same reasons.
C1 [Vukicevic, Tomislava; Aksoy, Altug; Reasor, Paul; Aberson, Sim D.; Sellwood, Kathryn J.; Marks, Frank] NOAA AOML, Hurricane Res Div, Miami, FL 33156 USA.
[Aksoy, Altug; Sellwood, Kathryn J.] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL USA.
RP Vukicevic, T (reprint author), NOAA AOML, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway,7451 SW 133rd St, Miami, FL 33156 USA.
EM tomislava.vukicevic@noaa.gov
RI Aksoy, Altug/A-3508-2009; Vukicevic, Tomislava/B-1386-2014; Reasor,
Paul/B-2932-2014; Aberson, Sim/C-4891-2013; Marks, Frank/A-5733-2011;
Sellwood, Kathryn/H-6500-2014
OI Aksoy, Altug/0000-0002-2335-7710; Reasor, Paul/0000-0001-6407-017X;
Aberson, Sim/0000-0002-3670-0100; Marks, Frank/0000-0003-0371-5514;
Sellwood, Kathryn/0000-0001-7978-9101
FU NOAA Hurricane Forecast Improvement Project (HFIP)
FX The authors thank the HRD modeling group, especially Drs. Xuejin Zhang
and Thiago Quirino, for invaluable support for the experimental HWRF.
Thanks to Dr. Michael Montgomery for many insightful discussions that
helped guide the diagnostic analyses. The authors would also like to
thank Drs. Robert Rogers and Sundararaman Gopalacrishnan for their
constructive comments on earlier versions of the manuscript. This study
was partially supported through funding from the NOAA Hurricane Forecast
Improvement Project (HFIP) and the HFIP computing resources.
NR 34
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 141
IS 9
BP 2992
EP 3006
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-12-00211.1
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 208CZ
UT WOS:000323655400003
ER
PT J
AU Potvin, CK
AF Potvin, Corey K.
TI A Variational Method for Detecting and Characterizing Convective
Vortices in Cartesian Wind Fields
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
DE Mesocyclones; Tornadoes; Vortices; Algorithms; Numerical analysis;
modeling; Variational analysis
ID RADAR OBSERVATIONS; TORNADO; MODEL; IDENTIFICATION; SUPERCELL;
ALGORITHM; PREDICTION; RESOLUTION; FORECASTS; WEATHER
AB Vortex detection algorithms are required for both research and operational applications in which data volume precludes timely subjective examination of model or analysis fields. Unfortunately, objective detection of convective vortices is often hindered by the strength and complexity of the flow in which they are embedded. To address this problem, a variational vortex-fitting algorithm previously developed to detect and characterize vortices observed by Doppler radar has been modified to operate on gridded horizontal wind data. The latter are fit to a simple analytical model of a vortex and its proximate environment, allowing the retrieval of important vortex characteristics. This permits the development of detection criteria tied directly to vortex properties (e.g., maximum tangential wind), rather than to more general kinematical properties that may poorly represent the vortex itself (e.g., vertical vorticity) when the background flow is strongly sheared. Thus, the vortex characteristic estimates provided by the technique may permit more effective detection criteria while providing useful information about vortex size, intensity, and trends therein. In tests with two simulated supercells, the technique proficiently detects and characterizes vortices, even in the presence of complex flow. Sensitivity tests suggest the algorithm would work well for a variety of vortex sizes without additional tuning. Possible applications of the technique include investigating relationships between mesocyclone and tornado characteristics, and detecting tornadoes, mesocyclones, and mesovortices in real-time ensemble forecasts.
C1 [Potvin, Corey K.] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Potvin, Corey K.] NOAA OAR Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK USA.
RP Potvin, CK (reprint author), Natl Weather Ctr, Natl Severe Storms Lab, 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM corey.potvin@noaa.gov
FU National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the
NOAA/National Severe Storms Laboratory; NOAA/Office of Oceanic and
Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University of Oklahoma, U.S. Department
of Commerce [NA11OAR4320072]
FX This work was partly supported by a National Research Council Research
Associateship Award at the NOAA/National Severe Storms Laboratory.
Additional funding was provided by NOAA/Office of Oceanic and
Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University of Oklahoma Cooperative
Agreement NA11OAR4320072, U.S. Department of Commerce. I am grateful to
Dan Dawson for reviewing an earlier version of the manuscript, and to
Alan Shapiro for serving as my graduate advisor during the research on
which the present work is based. I sincerely thank Jason Naylor and two
anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments.
NR 34
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 141
IS 9
BP 3102
EP 3115
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-13-00015.1
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 208CZ
UT WOS:000323655400010
ER
PT J
AU Zou, XL
Qin, ZK
Weng, FZ
AF Zou, Xiaolei
Qin, Zhengkun
Weng, Fuzhong
TI Improved Quantitative Precipitation Forecasts by MHS Radiance Data
Assimilation with a Newly Added Cloud Detection Algorithm
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
DE Satellite observations; Numerical weather prediction; forecasting;
Clouds; Data assimilation; Regional models
ID VARIATIONAL STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS; AFFECTED MICROWAVE RADIANCES;
SATELLITE DATA ASSIMILATION; 1D+4D-VAR ASSIMILATION; CONVECTIVE
PARAMETERIZATION; SSM/I-OBSERVATIONS; RECURSIVE FILTERS; NUMERICAL
ASPECTS; PART II; COVARIANCES
AB Satellite microwave humidity sounding data are assimilated through the gridpoint statistical interpolation (GSI) analysis system into the Advanced Research core of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model (ARW) for a coastal precipitation event. A detailed analysis shows that uses of Microwave Humidity Sounder (MHS) data from both NOAA-18 and MetOp-A results in GSI degraded precipitation threat scores in a 24-h model forecast. The root cause for this degradation is related to the MHS quality control algorithm, which is supposed to remove cloudy radiances. Currently, the GSI cloud detection is based on the brightness temperature differences between observations and the model background state at two MHS window channels. It is found that the GSI quality control algorithm fails to identify some MHS cloudy radiances in cloud edges where the ARW model has no cloud and the water vapor amount is low. A new MHS cloud detection algorithm is developed based on a statistical relationship between three MHS channels and the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) imager channel at 10.7 m. The 24-h quantitative precipitation forecast is improved rather than degraded by MHS radiance data assimilation when the new cloud detection algorithm is added to the GSI MHS quality control process. The temporal evolution of 3-h accumulative rainfall distributions compared favorably with that of multisensor NCEP observations and GOES-12 imager observations. The precipitation threat scores are increased by more than 50% after 3-6 h of model forecasts for 3-h rainfall thresholds exceeding 1.0 mm.
C1 [Zou, Xiaolei; Qin, Zhengkun] Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Qin, Zhengkun] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Ctr Data Assimilat Res & Applicat, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Weng, Fuzhong] NOAA, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Washington, DC 20233 USA.
RP Zou, XL (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, 404 Love Bldg, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
EM xzou@fsu.edu
RI Weng, Fuzhong/F-5633-2010
OI Weng, Fuzhong/0000-0003-0150-2179
FU Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology under 973 Project
[2010CB951600]; NSF [AGS-1037936]; NOAA GOES-R Risk Reduction Program;
Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education
Institutions (PAPD)
FX This work was jointly supported by the Chinese Ministry of Science and
Technology under 973 Project 2010CB951600, NSF Project AGS-1037936, the
NOAA GOES-R Risk Reduction Program, and the project funded by the
Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education
Institutions (PAPD). The views and opinions contained in this paper are
those of the authors and should not be construed as an official National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration or U. S. government position,
policy, or decision.
NR 29
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 17
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 141
IS 9
BP 3203
EP 3221
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-13-00009.1
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 208CZ
UT WOS:000323655400017
ER
PT J
AU Chen, ZY
Yan, XH
Jiang, YW
Jiang, LD
AF Chen, Zhaoyun
Yan, Xiao-Hai
Jiang, Yuwu
Jiang, Lide
TI Roles of shelf slope and wind on upwelling: A case study off east and
west coasts of the US
SO OCEAN MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE Upwelling age; Upwelling index; Shelf slope; Wind; Sea surface
temperature; Numerical model
ID NEW-JERSEY SHELF; INNER-SHELF; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; BOTTOM TOPOGRAPHY;
SYSTEM; SURFACE; MODEL; VARIABILITY; CIRCULATION; DYNAMICS
AB To understand the differences in upwelling tendency between the east and west coasts of the U. S., idealized numerical experiments were performed to examine the upwelling response to wind and shelf slope. The primary results show that steeper slope leads to narrower cross-shore width of surface Ekman divergence (WSED) and larger vertical velocity, while stronger upwelling favorable wind stress induces broader WSED and larger vertical velocity. Meanwhile, the wind duration is substantial to determine both the area and intensity of upwelling off the coast. The tendencies for cold upwelling areas off each coast are compared by the upwelling age, which is defined as the ratio of the duration of upwelling favorable wind to the advection time. The advection time, defined as the time scale for cold water to be advected from the pycnocline to the ocean surface, is improved to comprise of climbing time and upwelling time. The latter is related to the upwelling divergence driven by surface Ekman flow. The depth of the switch point of these two processes is approximately 0.9D(E) (D-E is the Ekman depth). The proposed formula for the advection time is found to be consistent with estimates derived from the use of particle trajectory analysis within the numerical model results. The consideration of upwelling age shows that differences in wind forcing are more important than bottom slope in accounting for the different characteristics of upwelling areas off the California and New Jersey coasts. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Chen, Zhaoyun; Yan, Xiao-Hai; Jiang, Yuwu] Xiamen Univ, State Key Lab Marine Environm Sci, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, Peoples R China.
[Yan, Xiao-Hai] Univ Delaware, Ctr Remote Sensing, Coll Earth Ocean & Environm, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Jiang, Lide] NOAA Sci Ctr, NOAA NESDIS STAR, E RA3, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
RP Jiang, YW (reprint author), Xiamen Univ, State Key Lab Marine Environm Sci, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, Peoples R China.
EM ywjiang@xmu.edu.cn
RI jiang, Yuwu/B-8208-2012; HUANG, Shuiying/C-3117-2014; Jiang,
Lide/G-2041-2010
OI Jiang, Lide/0000-0002-9883-4411
FU NASA; EPSCoR; NOAA Sea Grant in U.S.; 973 Program from the National
Basic Research Program of China [2009CB421200, 2013CB955700]; Natural
Science Foundation of China [41076001]; Fundamental Research Funds for
the Central Universities, China [2010121029]
FX This study was partially supported by NASA Physical Oceanography and
EPSCoR Programs and by NOAA Sea Grant in U.S.; by 973 Program
(2009CB421200, 2013CB955700) from the National Basic Research Program of
China, and by the Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.
41076001), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central
Universities (Grant No. 2010121029) in China. We would like to thank
R.W. Garvine and L.C. Breaker for the initial idea on the comparison of
upwelling off the eastern and western U.S. coasts in an early
collaborative NSF proposal. We also thank the two anonymous reviewers
for helpful comments on the manuscript.
NR 37
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 22
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1463-5003
EI 1463-5011
J9 OCEAN MODEL
JI Ocean Model.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 69
BP 136
EP 145
DI 10.1016/j.ocemod.2013.06.004
PG 10
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
GA 206XF
UT WOS:000323558600010
ER
PT J
AU Belter, CW
Seidel, DJ
AF Belter, Christopher W.
Seidel, Dian J.
TI A bibliometric analysis of climate engineering research
SO WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-CLIMATE CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGE; SUSTAINABILITY SCIENCE; ATMOSPHERIC
SCIENCE; SCIENTIFIC PAPERS; COMPLEX NETWORKS; COLLABORATION; CITATION;
FERTILIZATION; COCITATION; EVOLUTION
AB The past five years have seen a dramatic increase in the number of media and scientific publications on the topic of climate engineering, or geoengineering, and some scientists are increasingly calling for more research on climate engineering as a possible supplement to climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies. In this context, understanding the current state of climate engineering research can help inform policy discussions and guide future research directions. Bibliometric analysisthe quantitative analysis of publicationsis particularly applicable to fields with large bodies of literature that are difficult to summarize by traditional review methods. The multidisciplinary nature of the published literature on climate engineering makes it an ideal candidate for bibliometric analysis. Publications on climate engineering are found to be relatively recent (more than half of all articles during 1988-2011 were published since 2008), include a higher than average percentage of nonresearch articles (30% compared with 8-15% in related scientific disciplines), and be predominately produced by countries located in the Northern Hemisphere and speaking English. The majority of this literature focuses on land-based methods of carbon sequestration, ocean iron fertilization, and solar radiation management and is produced with little collaboration among research groups. This study provides a summary of existing publications on climate engineering, a perspective on the scientific underpinnings of the global dialogue on climate engineering, and a baseline for quantitatively monitoring the development of climate engineering research in the future. (C) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Belter, Christopher W.] NOAA, Cent Lib, LAC Grp, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Seidel, Dian J.] NOAA, Air Resources Lab, College Pk, MD USA.
RP Belter, CW (reprint author), NOAA, Cent Lib, LAC Grp, Silver Spring, MD USA.
EM Chris.Belter@noaa.gov
RI Belter, Christopher/L-6487-2013
OI Belter, Christopher/0000-0001-5221-6880
NR 58
TC 14
Z9 16
U1 6
U2 98
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1757-7780
J9 WIRES CLIM CHANGE
JI Wiley Interdiscip. Rev.-Clim. Chang.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 4
IS 5
BP 417
EP 427
DI 10.1002/wcc.229
PG 11
WC Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 201UV
UT WOS:000323169400006
ER
PT J
AU Liu, ZY
Wu, S
Zhang, SQ
Liu, Y
Rong, XY
AF Liu Zhengyu
Wu Shu
Zhang Shaoqing
Liu Yun
Rong Xinyao
TI Ensemble data assimilation in a simple coupled climate model: The role
of ocean-atmosphere interaction
SO ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE ensemble Kalman filter; coupled model; ocean-atmosphere interaction;
coupled covariance
ID NORTH-ATLANTIC; EL-NINO; PREDICTABILITY; CIRCULATION; PREDICTION;
FORECASTS; SYSTEM; ENSO
AB A conceptual coupled ocean-atmosphere model was used to study coupled ensemble data assimilation schemes with a focus on the role of ocean-atmosphere interaction in the assimilation. The optimal scheme was the fully coupled data assimilation scheme that employs the coupled covariance matrix and assimilates observations in both the atmosphere and ocean. The assimilation of synoptic atmospheric variability that captures the temporal fluctuation of the weather noise was found to be critical for the estimation of not only the atmospheric, but also oceanic states. The synoptic atmosphere observation was especially important in the mid-latitude system, where oceanic variability is driven by weather noise. The assimilation of synoptic atmospheric variability in the coupled model improved the atmospheric variability in the analysis and the subsequent forecasts, reducing error in the surface forcing and, in turn, in the ocean state. Atmospheric observation was able to further improve the oceanic state estimation directly through the coupled covariance between the atmosphere and ocean states. Relative to the mid-latitude system, the tropical system was influenced more by ocean-atmosphere interaction and, thus, the assimilation of oceanic observation becomes more important for the estimation of the ocean and atmosphere.
C1 [Liu Zhengyu] Peking Univ, Lab Climate Ocean & Atmosphere Studies, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Liu Zhengyu; Wu Shu; Liu Yun] Univ Wisconsin, Nelson Inst Ctr Climat Res, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Liu Zhengyu; Wu Shu; Liu Yun] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Zhang Shaoqing] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Rong Xinyao] China Meteorol Adm, Meteorol Res Inst, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
RP Wu, S (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Nelson Inst Ctr Climat Res, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM swu33@wisc.edu
RI AAS, AAS/C-2949-2014
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [2012CB955201, 41130105];
NOAA
FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (Grant Nos. 2012CB955201 and 41130105). SZ was supported by the
NOAA.
NR 30
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 11
PU SCIENCE PRESS
PI BEIJING
PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 0256-1530
J9 ADV ATMOS SCI
JI Adv. Atmos. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 30
IS 5
BP 1235
EP 1248
DI 10.1007/s00376-013-2268-z
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 203FX
UT WOS:000323278000001
ER
PT J
AU Ho, CH
Kim, JH
Kim, HS
Choi, W
Lee, MH
Yoo, HD
Kim, TR
Park, S
AF Ho, Chang-Hoi
Kim, Joo-Hong
Kim, Hyeong-Seog
Choi, Woosuk
Lee, Min-Hee
Yoo, Hee-Dong
Kim, Tae-Ryong
Park, Sangwook
TI Technical note on a track-pattern-based model for predicting seasonal
tropical cyclone activity over the western North Pacific
SO ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE tropical cyclone; western North Pacific; seasonal forecast;
track-pattern-based model; hybrid statistical-dynamical approach
ID HURRICANE ACTIVITY; TYPHOON TRACKS; CHINA SEA; REGRESSION; FORECASTS;
ENSO
AB Recently, the National Typhoon Center (NTC) at the Korea Meteorological Administration launched a track-pattern-based model that predicts the horizontal distribution of tropical cyclone (TC) track density from June to October. This model is the first approach to target seasonal TC track clusters covering the entire western North Pacific (WNP) basin, and may represent a milestone for seasonal TC forecasting, using a simple statistical method that can be applied at weather operation centers. In this note, we describe the procedure of the track-pattern-based model with brief technical background to provide practical information on the use and operation of the model. The model comprises three major steps. First, long-term data of WNP TC tracks reveal seven climatological track clusters. Second, the TC counts for each cluster are predicted using a hybrid statistical-dynamical method, using the seasonal prediction of large-scale environments. Third, the final forecast map of track density is constructed by merging the spatial probabilities of the seven clusters and applying necessary bias corrections. Although the model is developed to issue the seasonal forecast in mid-May, it can be applied to alternative dates and target seasons following the procedure described in this note. Work continues on establishing an automatic system for this model at the NTC.
C1 [Ho, Chang-Hoi; Choi, Woosuk; Lee, Min-Hee] Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Seoul, South Korea.
[Kim, Joo-Hong] Korea Polar Res Inst, Inchon, South Korea.
[Kim, Hyeong-Seog] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Kim, Hyeong-Seog] NOAA, GFDL, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Yoo, Hee-Dong] Korea Meteorol Adm, Forecast Policy Div, Seoul, South Korea.
[Kim, Tae-Ryong; Park, Sangwook] Korea Meteorol Adm, Natl Typhoon Ctr, Jeju Do, South Korea.
RP Kim, JH (reprint author), Korea Polar Res Inst, Inchon, South Korea.
EM jhkim004@gmail.com
RI AAS, AAS/C-2949-2014; Kim, Hyeong-Seog/F-4496-2010; Kim,
Joo-Hong/J-8929-2012; Ho, Chang-Hoi/H-8354-2015
OI Kim, Hyeong-Seog/0000-0003-2577-3301; Kim, Joo-Hong/0000-0003-3087-9864;
FU Korea Meteorological Administration Research and Development Program
[CATER 2012-2040]; Korean government
FX This work was funded by the Korea Meteorological Administration Research
and Development Program under Grant CATER 2012-2040. Mr. W. CHOI was
supported by the BK21 project of the Korean government.
NR 33
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 3
PU SCIENCE PRESS
PI BEIJING
PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 0256-1530
J9 ADV ATMOS SCI
JI Adv. Atmos. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 30
IS 5
BP 1260
EP 1274
DI 10.1007/s00376-013-2237-6
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 203FX
UT WOS:000323278000003
ER
PT J
AU da Silva, DAM
Buzitis, J
Reichert, WL
West, JE
O'Neill, SM
Johnson, LL
Collier, TK
Ylitalo, GM
AF da Silva, Denis A. M.
Buzitis, Jon
Reichert, William L.
West, James E.
O'Neill, Sandra M.
Johnson, Lyndal L.
Collier, Tracy K.
Ylitalo, Gina M.
TI Endocrine disrupting chemicals in fish bile: A rapid method of analysis
using English sole (Parophrys vetulus) from Puget Sound, WA, USA
SO CHEMOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE Bisphenol A; 17 beta-Estradiol; 17 beta-Ethynylestradiol; SPE; LC-MS/MS;
Puget Sound
ID BISPHENOL-A; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; CHINOOK SALMON; RAINBOW-TROUT;
TERM EXPOSURE; WASHINGTON; 17-ALPHA-ETHYNYLESTRADIOL; IDENTIFICATION;
CONTAMINANTS; MARINE
AB This study describes a recently developed and rapid method to measure bisphenol A (BPA), 17 beta-estradiol (E2) and 17 alpha-ethynylestradiol (EE2) in bile of fish using enzymatic hydrolysis of samples followed by solid-phase extraction and ultra-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. The limits of quantitation (LOQ) for BPA, EE2 and E2 were 6.3 ng mL(-1), 12.5 ng mL(-1) and 6.3 ng mL(-1), respectively. These compounds were analyzed in bile of male English sole (Parophrys vetulus) collected from urban and non-urban sites in Puget Sound, WA, USA. The BPA and E2 concentrations (and occurrence) ranged from 0.3-0.7) between upper-level PV at 250 hPa and precipitation over the west coast of the United States with a time lag of 0-1 days. Vertically integrated water vapor fluxes during El Nino are up to 70 kg m(-1) s(-1) larger than those during La Nina along the west coast of the United States. The zonal and meridional moist static energy flux resembles wave vapor transport patterns, suggesting that they are closely controlled by the large-scale flows and location of wave breaking events during the different phase of ENSO.
C1 [Ryoo, Ju-Mee] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Kaspi, Yohai] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Environm Sci & Energy Res, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel.
[Waugh, Darryn W.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Kiladis, George N.] NOAA, Div Phys Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Waliser, Duane E.; Fetzer, Eric J.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Waliser, Duane E.; Kim, Jinwon] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Joint Inst Reg Earth Syst Sci & Engn, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA.
RP Ryoo, JM (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM jryoo@berkeley.edu
RI Waugh, Darryn/K-3688-2016
OI Waugh, Darryn/0000-0001-7692-2798
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
FX We give special thanks to Tapio Schneider for helping to improve the
paper with insightful comments. We thank Bjorn Lambrigtsen for his
support and supervision. We also thank Inez Fung for helpful discussions
and the anonymous reviewers for helpful comments. The research
contributions from J.-M. Ryoo, D. E. Waliser, and E. J. Fetzer for this
study were performed at Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California
Institute of Technology (Caltech), under a contract with the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).
NR 71
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 22
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 17
BP 6360
EP 6382
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00297.1
PG 23
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 205AK
UT WOS:000323412300010
ER
PT J
AU Fitch, AC
Olson, JB
Lundquist, JK
AF Fitch, Anna C.
Olson, Joseph B.
Lundquist, Julie K.
TI Parameterization of Wind Farms in Climate Models
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
DE Boundary layer; Friction; Surface fluxes; Surface temperature;
Parameterization; Renewable energy
ID ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY-LAYER; TURBULENCE CLOSURE-MODEL; LAND-SURFACE;
TURBINE WAKES; IMPACTS; SENSITIVITY; STABILITY; FLUXES; POWER; HEAT
AB For assessing the impacts of wind farms on regional climate, wind farms may be represented in climate models by an increase in aerodynamic roughness length. Studies employing this method have found near-surface temperature changes of 1-2 K over wind farm areas. By contrast, mesoscale and large-eddy simulations (LES), which represent wind farms as elevated sinks of momentum, generally showed temperature changes of less than 0.5 K. This study directly compares the two methods of representing wind farms in simulations of a strong diurnal cycle. Nearly the opposite wake structure is seen between the two methods, both during the day and at night. The sensible heat fluxes are generally exaggerated in the enhanced roughness approach, leading to much greater changes in temperature. Frequently, the two methods display the opposite sign in temperature change. Coarse resolution moderates the sensible heat fluxes but does not significantly improve the near-surface temperatures or low-level wind speed deficit. Since wind farm impacts modeled by the elevated momentum sink approach are similar to those seen in observations and from LES, the authors conclude that the increased surface roughness approach is not an appropriate option to represent wind farms or explore their impacts.
C1 [Fitch, Anna C.] Univ Bergen, Inst Geophys, Bergen, Norway.
[Fitch, Anna C.] Uni Res, Bergen, Norway.
[Fitch, Anna C.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Mesoscale & Microscale Meteorol Div, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Olson, Joseph B.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Olson, Joseph B.] Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Lundquist, Julie K.] Univ Colorado Boulder, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
[Lundquist, Julie K.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA.
RP Fitch, AC (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
EM fitch@ucar.edu
RI Olson, Joseph/N-3726-2014;
OI Olson, Joseph/0000-0003-3612-0808; LUNDQUIST, JULIE/0000-0001-5490-2702
FU NORCOWE; NREL LDRD [06501101]
FX We wish to thank RE power for providing the thrust and power
coefficients for the 5M turbine. We express our appreciation for
research funding from a variety of sources. Funding for ACF is from
NORCOWE and support for JKL is from NREL LDRD 06501101. We thank Jimy
Dudhia for useful discussions. All the simulations were performed on the
NREL/Sandia Red Mesa high-performance computing system. NREL is a
national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy
Efficiency and Renewable Energy, operated by the Alliance for
Sustainable Energy, LLC.
NR 46
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 26
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 17
BP 6439
EP 6458
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00376.1
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 205AK
UT WOS:000323412300014
ER
PT J
AU Knutson, TR
Sirutis, JJ
Vecchi, GA
Garner, S
Zhao, M
Kim, HS
Bender, M
Tuleya, RE
Held, IM
Villarini, G
AF Knutson, Thomas R.
Sirutis, Joseph J.
Vecchi, Gabriel A.
Garner, Stephen
Zhao, Ming
Kim, Hyeong-Seog
Bender, Morris
Tuleya, Robert E.
Held, Isaac M.
Villarini, Gabriele
TI Dynamical Downscaling Projections of Twenty-First-Century Atlantic
Hurricane Activity: CMIP3 and CMIP5 Model-Based Scenarios
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
DE Anthropogenic effects; Climate change; Hurricanes; typhoons
ID CYCLONE POTENTIAL INTENSITY; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; GLOBAL ATMOSPHERIC
MODEL; CLIMATE-CHANGE; TROPICAL CYCLONES; POWER DISSIPATION;
HIGH-RESOLUTION; FREQUENCY; SENSITIVITY; IMPACT
AB Twenty-first-century projections of Atlantic climate change are downscaled to explore the robustness of potential changes in hurricane activity. Multimodel ensembles using the phase 3 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP3)/Special Report on Emissions Scenarios A1B (SRES A1B; late-twenty-first century) and phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5)/representative concentration pathway 4.5 (RCP4.5; early- and late-twenty-first century) scenarios are examined. Ten individual CMIP3 models are downscaled to assess the spread of results among the CMIP3 (but not the CMIP5) models. Downscaling simulations are compared for 18-km grid regional and 50-km grid global models. Storm cases from the regional model are further downscaled into the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) hurricane model (9-km inner grid spacing, with ocean coupling) to simulate intense hurricanes at a finer resolution.A significant reduction in tropical storm frequency is projected for the CMIP3 (-27%), CMIP5-early (-20%) and CMIP5-late (-23%) ensembles and for 5 of the 10 individual CMIP3 models. Lifetime maximum hurricane intensity increases significantly in the high-resolution experimentsby 4%-6% for CMIP3 and CMIP5 ensembles. A significant increase (+87%) in the frequency of very intense (categories 4 and 5) hurricanes (winds 59 m s(-1)) is projected using CMIP3, but smaller, only marginally significant increases are projected (+45% and +39%) for the CMIP5-early and CMIP5-late scenarios. Hurricane rainfall rates increase robustly for the CMIP3 and CMIP5 scenarios. For the late-twenty-first century, this increase amounts to +20% to +30% in the model hurricane's inner core, with a smaller increase (similar to 10%) for averaging radii of 200 km or larger. The fractional increase in precipitation at large radii (200-400 km) approximates that expected from environmental water vapor content scaling, while increases for the inner core exceed this level.
C1 [Knutson, Thomas R.; Sirutis, Joseph J.; Vecchi, Gabriel A.; Garner, Stephen; Zhao, Ming; Bender, Morris; Held, Isaac M.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08542 USA.
[Kim, Hyeong-Seog] Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Tuleya, Robert E.] Old Dominion Univ, Ctr Coastal Phys Oceanog, Norfolk, VA USA.
[Villarini, Gabriele] Univ Iowa, IIHR Hydrosci & Engn, Iowa City, IA USA.
RP Knutson, TR (reprint author), NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, 201 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08542 USA.
EM tom.knutson@noaa.gov
RI Vecchi, Gabriel/A-2413-2008; Zhao, Ming/C-6928-2014; Kim,
Hyeong-Seog/F-4496-2010; Villarini, Gabriele/F-8069-2016
OI Vecchi, Gabriel/0000-0002-5085-224X; Kim,
Hyeong-Seog/0000-0003-2577-3301; Villarini, Gabriele/0000-0001-9566-2370
FU Willis Research Network
FX We thank Ron Stouffer and Lucas Harris of GFDL, Kerry Emanuel of MIT,
and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on our work. We
acknowledge PCMDI and the modeling groups contributing to the CMIP3 and
CMIP5 model archives for generously making their model output available
to the community. Funding support from the Willis Research Network for
Hyeong-Seog Kim and Gabriele Villarini is gratefully acknowledged. We
thank Isaac Ginis and Richard Yablonsky of the University of Rhode
Island for assistance with the hurricane model ocean coupling
components.
NR 48
TC 63
Z9 63
U1 4
U2 38
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 17
BP 6591
EP 6617
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00539.1
PG 27
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 205AK
UT WOS:000323412300023
ER
PT J
AU Paul, RL
AF Paul, Rick L.
TI Determination of arsenic in food and dietary supplement standard
reference materials by neutron activation analysis
SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Neutron activation analysis; Radiochemistry; Arsenic; Standard reference
materials; Biologicals; Analytical chemistry
ID BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES; EXTRACTION; SPECIATION; WATER; NAA
AB Arsenic was measured in food and dietary supplement standard reference materials by neutron activation analysis for the purpose of assigning certified or reference As mass fractions and to assess material homogeneity. Instrumental neutron activation analysis was used to value assign As in candidate SRM 3532 Calcium Dietary Supplement and candidate SRM 3262 Hypericum perforatum (St. John's Wort) Aerial Parts down to about 100 mu g/kg. Values were also determined for two additional candidate St. John's Wort SRMs with As mass fractions < 100 mu g/kg. The presence of significant amounts of Na-24 and Br-82 limited the reproducibility of the method below 100 mu g/kg. For measurement of lower As mass fractions, a radiochemical neutron activation analysis method with extraction of As3+ into diethyl-dithiocarbamate in chloroform and detection limits down to 0.1 mu g/kg. As was used to value-assign As mass fractions for SRM 3280 Multivitamin/Multielement Tablets and for candidate SRM 3233 Fortified Breakfast Cereal, and at < 10 mu g/kg in candidate SRM 1845a Whole Egg Powder.
C1 NIST, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Paul, RL (reprint author), NIST, Div Analyt Chem, 100 Bur Dr Stop 8395, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM rick.paul@nist.gov
NR 17
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 22
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0236-5731
J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH
JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 297
IS 3
BP 365
EP 370
DI 10.1007/s10967-012-2358-x
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science &
Technology
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 202XZ
UT WOS:000323255500008
ER
PT J
AU Gharrett, AJ
Joyce, J
Smoker, WW
AF Gharrett, Anthony J.
Joyce, John
Smoker, William W.
TI Fine-scale temporal adaptation within a salmonid population: mechanism
and consequences
SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE adaptation; development and evolution; ecological genetics; fish; life
history evolution
ID PINK SALMON; ONCORHYNCHUS-GORBUSCHA; LOCAL ADAPTATION; ATLANTIC SALMON;
GENETIC-VARIATION; PACIFIC SALMON; LIFE-HISTORY; FRESH-WATER; CHUM
SALMON; ALASKA
AB We demonstrate a clear example of local adaptation of seasonal timing of spawning and embryo development. The consequence is a population of pink salmon that is segmented into spawning groups that use the same limited habitat. We synthesize published observations with results of new analyses to demonstrate that genetic variation of these traits results in survival differentials related to that variation, and that density-dependent embryo mortality and seasonally variable juvenile mortality are a mechanism of selection. Most examples of local adaptation in natural systems depend on observed correlations between environments and fitness traits, but do not fully demonstrate local adaptation: that the trait is genetically determined, exhibits different fitness in common environments or across different environments, and its variation is mechanistically connected to fitness differences. The geographic or temporal scales of local adaptation often remain obscure. Here, we show that heritable, fine-scale differences of timing of reproductive migration in a pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) resulted in temporal structure that persisted several generations; the differences enable a density-dependent population to pack more spawners into limited spawning habitat, that is, enhance its fitness. A balanced trade-off of survivals results because embryos from early-migrating fish have a lower freshwater survival (harsh early physical conditions and disturbance by late spawners), but emigrant fry from late-migrating fish have lower marine survivals (timing of their vernal emergence into the estuarine environment). Such fine-scale local adaptations increase the genetic portfolio of the populations and may provide a buffer against the impacts of climate change.
C1 [Gharrett, Anthony J.; Joyce, John; Smoker, William W.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Div Fisheries, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Joyce, John] NOAA, Auke Bay Labs, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
RP Gharrett, AJ (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Div Fisheries, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, 17101 Point Lena Loop Rd, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
EM a.gharrett@alaska.edu
FU National Marine Fisheries Service; Alaska Sea Grant College Program
FX We thank the National Marine Fisheries Service for their support and use
of the Auke Creek facility. S. Taylor provided advice and support at the
hatchery and weir technicians M. James, J. Echave and S. Vulstek
collected samples and data. This work was supported by the Alaska Sea
Grant College Program. R. Kovach, D. Tallmon, M. Garvin, K. Palof, C.
Manhard, D. Oxman and Terrance J. Quinn provided constructive comments
on the manuscript. Thomas P. Quinn's review was helpful. References to
trade names do not imply endorsement by the National Marine Fisheries
Service, NOAA.
NR 63
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 6
U2 71
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0962-1083
EI 1365-294X
J9 MOL ECOL
JI Mol. Ecol.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 22
IS 17
BP 4457
EP 4469
DI 10.1111/mec.12400
PG 13
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Evolutionary Biology
GA 206GI
UT WOS:000323506400009
PM 23980763
ER
PT J
AU Betancur, R
Li, CH
Munroe, TA
Ballesteros, JA
Orti, G
AF Betancur-R., Ricardo
Li, Chenhong
Munroe, Thomas A.
Ballesteros, Jesus A.
Orti, Guillermo
TI Addressing Gene Tree Discordance and Non-Stationarity to Resolve a
Multi-Locus Phylogeny of the Flatfishes (Teleostei: Pleuronectiformes)
SO SYSTEMATIC BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Base compositional bias; Carangimorphariae; compositional attraction;
concatenation; gene tree-species tree; multi-locus data set;
non-homogeneous models; non-stationarity; Pleuronectiformes; systematic
error
ID BEETLE MITOCHONDRIAL PHYLOGENOMICS; RAY-FINNED FISH; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD;
COMPOSITIONAL HETEROGENEITY; SEQUENCE EVOLUTION; SPECIES TREES; DNA
SEQUENCES; ULTRACONSERVED ELEMENTS; MOLECULAR SYSTEMATICS; PROTEIN
EVOLUTION
AB Non-homogeneous processes and, in particular, base compositional non-stationarity have long been recognized as a critical source of systematic error. But only a small fraction of current molecular systematic studies methodically examine and effectively account for the potentially confounding effect of non-stationarity. The problem is especially overlooked in multi-locus or phylogenomic scale analyses, in part because no efficient tools exist to accommodate base composition heterogeneity in large data sets. We present a detailed analysis of a data set with 20 genes and 214 taxa to study the phylogeny of flatfishes (Pleuronectiformes) and their position among percomorphs. Most genes vary significantly in base composition among taxa and fail to resolve flatfish monophyly and other emblematic groups, suggesting that non-stationarity may be causing systematic error. We show a strong association between base compositional bias and topological discordance among individual gene partitions and their inferred trees. Phylogenetic methods applying non-homogeneous models to accommodate non-stationarity have relatively minor effect to reduce gene tree discordance, suggesting that available computer programs applying these methods do not scale up efficiently to the data set of modest size analysed in this study. By comparing phylogenetic trees obtained with species tree (STAR) and concatenation approaches, we show that gene tree discordance in our data set is most likely due to base compositional biases than to incomplete lineage sorting. Multi-locus analyses suggest that the combined phylogenetic signal from all loci in a concatenated data set overcomes systematic biases induced by non-stationarity at each partition. Finally, relationships among flatfishes and their relatives are discussed in the light of these results. We find support for the monophyly of flatfishes and confirm findings from previous molecular phylogenetic studies suggesting their close affinity with several carangimorph groups (i.e., jack and allies, barracuda, archerfish, billfish and swordfish, threadfin, moonfish, beach salmon, and snook and barramundi).
C1 [Betancur-R., Ricardo; Ballesteros, Jesus A.; Orti, Guillermo] George Washington Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
[Li, Chenhong] Shanghai Ocean Univ, Coll Fisheries & Life Sci, Shanghai 201306, Peoples R China.
[Munroe, Thomas A.] NOAA, Natl Systemat Lab NMFS, Smithsonian Inst NHB, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Orti, G (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 2023 G St NW, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
EM gorti@gwu.edu
FU GWU Selective Excellence in Diversity of Life program; National Science
Foundation [DEB-1004765]
FX This research was partially funded by GWU Selective Excellence in
Diversity of Life program (to R.B.R.); and the National Science
Foundation [grant DEB-1004765 (Euteleost Tree of Life) to G.O. and
C.L.].
NR 117
TC 31
Z9 32
U1 5
U2 55
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1063-5157
EI 1076-836X
J9 SYST BIOL
JI Syst. Biol.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 62
IS 5
BP 763
EP 785
DI 10.1093/sysbio/syt039
PG 23
WC Evolutionary Biology
SC Evolutionary Biology
GA 203MO
UT WOS:000323297500009
PM 23749787
ER
PT J
AU Stienessen, SC
Parrish, JK
AF Stienessen, Sarah C.
Parrish, Julia K.
TI The effect of disparate information on individual fish movements and
emergent group behavior
SO BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE decision making; emergent properties; fish; heterogeneity; information
transfer; quorum; schooling; swim metrics
ID CONSENSUS DECISION-MAKING; ANIMAL GROUPS; FLUORESCENT ELASTOMER;
FORAGING INFORMATION; SOCIAL TRANSMISSION; COLLECTIVE BEHAVIOR; SCHOOLS;
GUPPY; STICKLEBACKS; EVOLUTION
AB Within a group, the level of knowledge held by any individual often differs from that held by other members. Such heterogeneity can be advantageous, potentially allowing groups to cope with situations novel to the majority. It can also affect group integrity, inciting sorting or group fission. To better understand how heterogeneity affects school structure and the physical expression of decision making, we manipulated the ratio of knowledgeable-to-naive fish within groups of giant danios, Devario aequipinnatus, and examined the relationship between collective knowledge, individual behavior, and emergent group properties. Specifically, we varied the proportion of naive fish within groups of 15 individuals, quantified horizontal trajectories of individual fish, and calculated various individual and group swim metrics. When presented with a learned signal (red light) associated with the presence of prey, groups of all-knowledgeable fish exhibited searching behavior (fast, broad turns resulting in diffusely polarized groups), whereas groups of all-naive fish remained unaffected and continued to mill (slow, tight turns resulting in greater packing and lower polarity). In heterogeneous groups, influences of knowledgeable and naive fish were unequally weighted across each measured swim metric, favoring knowledgeable behaviors (fast, broad turns), but incorporating elements of naive behaviors (greater packing). However, at a minority threshold of 20%, knowledgeable individuals conformed to the behavior of the majority and group response echoed all naive. A null model, composed of independent behaviors of knowledgeable and naive fish, predicted significantly different swim metrics from those observed, suggesting actual heterogeneous groups were performing integrated rather than separate behaviors.
C1 [Stienessen, Sarah C.] NOAA, Resource Assessment & Conservat Engn Div, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Stienessen, Sarah C.; Parrish, Julia K.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Stienessen, SC (reprint author), NOAA, Resource Assessment & Conservat Engn Div, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM sarah.stienessen@noaa.gov
FU National Science Foundation [BE-0313250]
FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (BE-0313250
to K. A. Morgansen, J.K.P., and D. Grunbaum).
NR 63
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 4
U2 80
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1045-2249
J9 BEHAV ECOL
JI Behav. Ecol.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2013
VL 24
IS 5
BP 1150
EP 1160
DI 10.1093/beheco/art042
PG 11
WC Behavioral Sciences; Biology; Ecology; Zoology
SC Behavioral Sciences; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics;
Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 198XS
UT WOS:000322957800020
ER
PT J
AU Geng, T
Hu, W
Broadwater, MH
Snider, JM
Bielawski, J
Russo, SB
Schwacke, JH
Ross, J
Cowart, LA
AF Geng, T.
Hu, W.
Broadwater, M. H.
Snider, J. M.
Bielawski, J.
Russo, S. B.
Schwacke, J. H.
Ross, J.
Cowart, L. A.
TI Fatty acids differentially regulate insulin resistance through endoplasm
reticulum stress-mediated induction of tribbles homologue 3: a potential
link between dietary fat composition and the pathophysiological outcomes
of obesity
SO DIABETOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Animal model; Diet-induced obesity; ER stress; Insulin resistance; NEFA;
Trib3
ID COA DEHYDROGENASE-DEFICIENCY; PALMITATE-INDUCED APOPTOSIS;
SKELETAL-MUSCLE CELLS; METABOLICALLY HEALTHY; GLUCOSE-HOMEOSTASIS;
LIPID-METABOLISM; SATURATED-FAT; TRB3; ACTIVATION; CERAMIDE
AB Previous studies have shown that saturated fatty acids cause insulin resistance (IR) that is prevented by unsaturated fatty acids. Tribbles homologue 3 (TRIB3) is a putative endogenous inhibitor of insulin signalling, but its role in insulin signalling is controversial. This study aimed to determine whether fatty acids regulate IR via TRIB3.
We treated HepG2 cells with saturated and unsaturated fatty acids and evaluated TRIB3 expression. We then tested whether regulation of TRIB3 occurred through endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and whether modulating TRIB3 and ER stress marker genes was necessary and/or sufficient for regulation of insulin signalling. To test the in vivo significance of this mechanism, we fed mice obesogenic diets with different fatty acid profiles and assessed physiological variables of diabetes, ER stress markers and Trib3 expression in the liver.
Our data show that fatty acids differentially regulate IR through ER stress-mediated induction of TRIB3. Intriguingly, a standard and widely used obesogenic diet high in unsaturated fats failed to induce ER stress, TRIB3 or IR. However, an alternative obesogenic diet with lower unsaturated fat recapitulated the cell studies by causing ER stress, TRIB3 induction and IR.
This study revealed a novel mechanism linking dietary fat composition to IR. Given the emerging roles for ER stress in non-alcoholic liver disease, we conclude that dietary fat composition rather than total amount may mediate hepatic pathology associated with obesity.
C1 [Geng, T.; Hu, W.; Broadwater, M. H.; Snider, J. M.; Bielawski, J.; Russo, S. B.; Schwacke, J. H.; Ross, J.; Cowart, L. A.] Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA.
[Broadwater, M. H.] NOAA, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Cowart, L. A.] Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29403 USA.
RP Cowart, LA (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, 173 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA.
EM cowartl@musc.edu
FU VA Merit award; COBRE in Lipidomics in Pathobiology
FX This work was supported by a VA Merit award and the COBRE in Lipidomics
in Pathobiology, both to L. A. Cowart
NR 48
TC 13
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 23
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0012-186X
J9 DIABETOLOGIA
JI Diabetologia
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 56
IS 9
BP 2078
EP 2087
DI 10.1007/s00125-013-2973-2
PG 10
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 200HV
UT WOS:000323059800027
PM 23820633
ER
PT J
AU He, YB
Zhou, W
Yildirim, T
Chen, BL
AF He, Yabing
Zhou, Wei
Yildirim, Taner
Chen, Banglin
TI A series of metal-organic frameworks with high methane uptake and an
empirical equation for predicting methane storage capacity
SO ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID CARBON-DIOXIDE CAPTURE; HIGH H-2 ADSORPTION; HYDROGEN STORAGE;
GAS-UPTAKE; CO2 UPTAKE; PORE-SIZE; POROUS MATERIALS; SITES; SEPARATION;
SELECTIVITY
AB A series of metal-organic frameworks (NOTT-100a (MOF-505a), NOTT-101a, NOTT-102a, NOTT-103a and NOTT-109a) with variable open copper sites and micropore spaces have been examined as potential adsorbents for methane storage. They exhibit high adsorption capacities for methane at 300 K and 35 bar (181-196 cm(3) (STP) cm(-3)). Supposing that the deliverable amount of methane is defined as the difference in the amount of methane adsorbed between 5 bar and 35 bar, NOTT-101a, NOTT-102a and NOTT-103a exhibit excellent deliverable capacities of methane (136-140 cm(3) (STP) cm(-3)), comparable to the highest of all previously reported MOF materials. The gravimetric methane uptake in this MOF series systematically increases with increasing porosity, while their methane storage pore occupancy decreases with increasing pore size. The fact that gravimetric methane uptakes correlate well with their corresponding pore volumes enables us to derive an empirical equation: C = 126.69 x V-p(2) + 381.62 x V-p - 12.57, where C is the excess gravimetric methane storage capacity at 35 bar and 300 K in cm(3) (STP) g(-1), and V-p is the pore volume of a MOF material in cm(3) g(-1). This empirical equation can predict the methane storage performance of previously reported microporous MOF materials of V-p less than 1.50 cm(3) g(-1) reasonably well, and thus provides a convenient method to screen MOFs for methane storage purposes.
C1 [He, Yabing] Zhejiang Normal Univ, Coll Chem & Life Sci, Jinhua 321004, Peoples R China.
[Zhou, Wei; Yildirim, Taner] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Zhou, Wei] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Yildirim, Taner] Univ Penn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Chen, Banglin] Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Chem, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA.
RP He, YB (reprint author), Zhejiang Normal Univ, Coll Chem & Life Sci, Jinhua 321004, Peoples R China.
EM wzhou@nist.gov; banglin.chen@utsa.edu
RI Zhou, Wei/C-6504-2008; yildirim, taner/A-1290-2009; Chen,
Banglin/F-5461-2010; He, Yabing/H-3314-2012
OI Zhou, Wei/0000-0002-5461-3617; Chen, Banglin/0000-0001-8707-8115;
FU Welch Foundation; DOE BES [DE-FG02-08ER46522]
FX This work was supported by an Award AX-1730 from Welch Foundation (BC).
T. Y. acknowledges partial support from the DOE BES Grant no.
DE-FG02-08ER46522.
NR 82
TC 90
Z9 90
U1 15
U2 189
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1754-5692
J9 ENERG ENVIRON SCI
JI Energy Environ. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 6
IS 9
BP 2735
EP 2744
DI 10.1039/c3ee41166d
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical;
Environmental Sciences
SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 202FD
UT WOS:000323198100023
ER
PT J
AU Ying, T
Gates, R
AF Ying, Tony
Gates, Richard
TI Nanotribology Application in the Coining Industry (II)Optimization of
Lubricant Film Formation on Blanks
SO TRIBOLOGY TRANSACTIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Additives; Burnishing; Forming; Friction; FTIR; Lubrication;
Nanotribology; Rust Inhibitor; Tribochemistry
ID COPPER SURFACES; SPECTROSCOPY; ACID
AB A new method has been developed to lubricate metal coin blanks during the coin production process. The lubricant is formed on the metal surfaces as a monomolecular film during burnishing, which provides an exceptional combination of chemical and tribological environments needed to promote reaction. Laboratory-scale burnishing simulations combined with surface analysis indicated the composition and nature of the films formed. A comparison of reactions on metal surfaces with and without burnishing confirmed the importance of the tribochemical process to the successful lubrication of the blanks. Implementation of this lubrication procedure to production lines has improved the surface quality of the coins and tripled the die life, resulting in considerable cost savings.
C1 [Ying, Tony] US Mint, Washington, DC 20220 USA.
[Gates, Richard] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Ying, T (reprint author), US Mint, 801 9th St NW, Washington, DC 20220 USA.
NR 19
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 5
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1040-2004
J9 TRIBOL T
JI Tribol. Trans.
PD SEP 1
PY 2013
VL 56
IS 5
BP 749
EP 758
DI 10.1080/10402004.2013.797530
PG 10
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA 196IK
UT WOS:000322767500005
ER
PT J
AU Peterson, TC
Alexander, LV
Allen, MR
Anel, JA
Barriopedro, D
Black, MT
Carey-Smith, T
Castillo, R
Cattiaux, J
Chen, XL
Chen, XY
Chevallier, M
Christidis, N
Ciavarella, A
de Vries, H
Dean, SM
Deans, K
Diffenbaugh, NS
Doblas-Reyes, F
Donat, MG
Dong, B
Eilerts, G
Funk, C
Galu, G
Garcia-Herrera, R
Germe, A
Gill, S
Gimeno, L
Guemas, V
Herring, SC
Hoell, A
Hoerling, MP
Huntingford, C
Husak, G
Imada, Y
Ishii, M
Karoly, DJ
Kimoto, M
King, AD
Knutson, TR
Lewis, SC
Lin, RP
Lyon, B
Massey, N
Mazza, E
Michaelsen, J
Mollard, J
Mori, M
Mote, PW
Nieto, R
Otto, FEL
Park, J
Perkins, SE
Rosier, S
Rowland, J
Rupp, DE
Salas y Melia, D
Scherer, M
Shiogama, H
Shukla, S
Song, FF
Sparrow, S
Scott, PA
Sutton, R
Sweet, W
Tett, SFB
Trigo, RM
van Oldenborgh, GJ
van Westrhenen, R
Verdin, J
Watanabe, M
Wittenberg, AT
Woollings, T
Yiou, P
Zeng, FR
Zervas, C
Zhang, R
Zhou, TJ
AF Peterson, Thomas C.
Alexander, Lisa V.
Allen, Myles R.
Anel, Juan A.
Barriopedro, David
Black, Mitchell T.
Carey-Smith, Trevor
Castillo, Rodrigo
Cattiaux, Julien
Chen, Xiaolong
Chen, Xianyan
Chevallier, Matthieu
Christidis, Nikolaos
Ciavarella, Andrew
de Vries, Hylke
Dean, Sam M.
Deans, Kirsten
Diffenbaugh, Noah S.
Doblas-Reyes, Francisco
Donat, Markus G.
Dong, Buwen
Eilerts, Gary
Funk, Chris
Galu, Gideon
Garcia-Herrera, Ricardo
Germe, Agathe
Gill, Stephen
Gimeno, Luis
Guemas, Virginie
Herring, Stephanie C.
Hoell, Andrew
Hoerling, Martin P.
Huntingford, Chris
Husak, Greg
Imada, Yukiko
Ishii, Masayoshi
Karoly, David J.
Kimoto, Masahide
King, Andrew D.
Knutson, Thomas R.
Lewis, Sophie C.
Lin, Renping
Lyon, Bradfield
Massey, Neil
Mazza, Edoardo
Michaelsen, Joel
Mollard, James
Mori, Masato
Mote, Philip W.
Nieto, Raquel
Otto, Friederike E. L.
Park, Joseph
Perkins, Sarah E.
Rosier, Suzanne
Rowland, James
Rupp, David E.
Salas y Melia, David
Scherer, Martin
Shiogama, Hideo
Shukla, Shraddhanand
Song, Fengfei
Sparrow, Sarah
Scott, Peter A.
Sutton, Rowan
Sweet, William
Tett, Simon F. B.
Trigo, Ricardo Machado
van Oldenborgh, Geert Jan
van Westrhenen, Rudolf
Verdin, James
Watanabe, Masahiro
Wittenberg, Andrew T.
Woollings, Tim
Yiou, Pascal
Zeng, Fanrong
Zervas, Chris
Zhang, Rong
Zhou, Tianjun
TI EXPLAINING EXTREME EVENTS OF 2012 FROM A CLIMATE PERSPECTIVE
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; NORTH-ATLANTIC OSCILLATION; HURRICANE SURGE
THREAT; UNITED-STATES; ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION; HEAT WAVES; SOUTHERN
OSCILLATION; SOIL-MOISTURE; GREAT-PLAINS; MULTIDECADAL VARIABILITY
C1 [Peterson, Thomas C.] NOAA Natl Climat Data Ctr, Asheville, NC 28801 USA.
[Alexander, Lisa V.; Donat, Markus G.; King, Andrew D.; Perkins, Sarah E.] Univ New S Wales, ARC Ctr Excellence Climate Syst Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
[Alexander, Lisa V.; Donat, Markus G.; King, Andrew D.; Perkins, Sarah E.] Univ New S Wales, Climate Change Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
[Allen, Myles R.] Univ Oxford, Sch Geog & Environm, Oxford, England.
[Allen, Myles R.; Massey, Neil; Rosier, Suzanne; Sparrow, Sarah] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford, England.
[Anel, Juan A.; Massey, Neil] Univ Oxford, Smith Sch Enterprise & Environm, Oxford, England.
[Anel, Juan A.; Castillo, Rodrigo; Gimeno, Luis; Nieto, Raquel] Univ Vigo, Fac Sci, EPhysLab, Orense, Spain.
[Barriopedro, David; Garcia-Herrera, Ricardo] Univ Complutense, Fac Fis, Dto Fis Tierra 2, Madrid, Spain.
[Barriopedro, David; Garcia-Herrera, Ricardo] IGEO CSIC UCM, Inst Geociencias, Madrid, Spain.
[Black, Mitchell T.; Karoly, David J.; Lewis, Sophie C.] Univ Melbourne, ARC Ctr Excellence Climate Syst Sci, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.
[Black, Mitchell T.; Karoly, David J.; Lewis, Sophie C.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Earth Sci, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.
[Carey-Smith, Trevor; Dean, Sam M.; Rosier, Suzanne] Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res NIWA, Wellington, New Zealand.
[Cattiaux, Julien] UMR CNRS Meteo France, CNRM GAME, Toulouse, France.
[Chen, Xiaolong; Lin, Renping; Song, Fengfei; Zhou, Tianjun] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, LASG, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Chen, Xianyan] China Meteorol Adm, Natl Climate Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Chevallier, Matthieu; Germe, Agathe; Guemas, Virginie; Salas y Melia, David] Ctr Natl Rech Meteorol, Grp Etude Atmosphere Meteorol, Meteo, France.
[Chevallier, Matthieu; Germe, Agathe; Guemas, Virginie; Salas y Melia, David] CNRS, UMR3589, Toulouse, France.
[Chevallier, Matthieu] MERCATOR OCEAN, Toulouse, France.
[Christidis, Nikolaos; Ciavarella, Andrew; Scott, Peter A.] Met Office Hadley Ctr, Exeter, Devon, England.
[de Vries, Hylke; van Oldenborgh, Geert Jan; van Westrhenen, Rudolf] KNMI, De Bilt, Netherlands.
[Deans, Kirsten; Mazza, Edoardo; Mollard, James; Tett, Simon F. B.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Geosci, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Diffenbaugh, Noah S.; Scherer, Martin] Stanford Univ, Dept Environm Earth Syst Sci, Stanford, CA USA.
[Diffenbaugh, Noah S.; Scherer, Martin] Stanford Univ, Woods Inst Environm, Stanford, CA USA.
[Doblas-Reyes, Francisco; Guemas, Virginie] Inst Catala Ciencies Clima, Barcelona, Spain.
[Doblas-Reyes, Francisco] Inst Catalana Rec & Estudis Avancats, Barcelona, Spain.
[Dong, Buwen; Sutton, Rowan; Woollings, Tim] Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Natl Ctr Atmospher Sci, Reading, Berks, England.
[Eilerts, Gary] USAID, Washington, DC USA.
[Funk, Chris; Hoell, Andrew; Husak, Greg; Michaelsen, Joel; Shukla, Shraddhanand] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Climate Hazards Grp, Santa Barbara, CA USA.
[Funk, Chris; Rowland, James] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD USA.
[Galu, Gideon] FEWS NET, Climate Hazards Grp, Nairobi, Kenya.
[Gill, Stephen; Park, Joseph; Sweet, William; Zervas, Chris] NOAA Natl Ocean Serv NOS, Ctr Operat Oceanog Prod & Serv COOPS, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Herring, Stephanie C.] NOAA Natl Climat Data Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.
[Hoerling, Martin P.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Huntingford, Chris] Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Wallingford, Oxon, England.
[Imada, Yukiko; Kimoto, Masahide; Mori, Masato; Watanabe, Masahiro] Univ Tokyo, Atmosphere & Ocean Res Inst, Chiba, Japan.
[Ishii, Masayoshi] Japan Meteorol Agcy, Meteorol Res Inst, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan.
[Knutson, Thomas R.; Wittenberg, Andrew T.; Zeng, Fanrong; Zhang, Rong] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Lyon, Bradfield] Int Res Inst Climate & Soc, Palisades, NY USA.
[Mote, Philip W.; Rupp, David E.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Oregon Climate Change Res Inst, Corvallis, OR USA.
[Otto, Friederike E. L.] Univ Oxford, Sch Geog & Environm, Environm Change Inst, Oxford, England.
NOAA Natl Climat Data Ctr, Asheville, NC USA.
[Shiogama, Hideo] Natl Inst Environm Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
[Trigo, Ricardo Machado] Univ Lisbon, Fac Ciencias, IDL, Lisbon, Portugal.
[Verdin, James] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.
[Yiou, Pascal] CEA CNRS UVSQ, UMR 8212, Lab Sci Climat & Environm, Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Yiou, Pascal] IPSL, Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Mollard, James] Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Reading RG6 2AH, Berks, England.
RP Peterson, TC (reprint author), NOAA Natl Climat Data Ctr, 151 Patton Ave, Asheville, NC 28801 USA.
EM Thomas.C.Peterson@noaa.gov
RI Guemas, Virginie/B-9090-2016; Sparrow, Sarah/D-7905-2016; Stott,
Peter/N-1228-2016; Alexander, Lisa/A-8477-2011; renping,
lin/B-8432-2017; ZHOU, Tianjun/C-3195-2012; Rupp, David/G-8171-2014;
Dean, Sam/F-7711-2011; Diffenbaugh, Noah/I-5920-2014; Shiogama,
Hideo/B-9598-2012; Wittenberg, Andrew/G-9619-2013; Tett,
Simon/B-1504-2013; Huntingford, Chris/A-4307-2008; Karoly,
David/C-8262-2011; Trigo, Ricardo/B-7044-2008; kimoto,
masahide/P-9077-2014; Zhang, Rong/D-9767-2014; Barriopedro,
David/C-1421-2008; Perkins-Kirkpatrick, Sarah/O-5042-2015
OI Guemas, Virginie/0000-0002-6340-3558; Sparrow,
Sarah/0000-0002-1802-6909; Stott, Peter/0000-0003-4853-7686; Alexander,
Lisa/0000-0002-5635-2457; renping, lin/0000-0003-2050-9413; ZHOU,
Tianjun/0000-0002-5829-7279; Diffenbaugh, Noah/0000-0002-8856-4964;
Shiogama, Hideo/0000-0001-5476-2148; Wittenberg,
Andrew/0000-0003-1680-8963; Tett, Simon/0000-0001-7526-560X; Karoly,
David/0000-0002-8671-2994; Trigo, Ricardo/0000-0002-4183-9852; Zhang,
Rong/0000-0002-8493-6556; Barriopedro, David/0000-0001-6476-944X;
Perkins-Kirkpatrick, Sarah/0000-0001-9443-4915
NR 235
TC 70
Z9 71
U1 11
U2 63
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 94
IS 9
BP S1
EP S74
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00085.1
PG 74
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 227SQ
UT WOS:000325135100001
ER
PT J
AU Lanman, CW
Lundquist, K
Perryman, H
Asarian, JE
Dolman, B
Lanman, RB
Pollock, MM
AF Lanman, Christopher W.
Lundquist, Kate
Perryman, Heidi
Asarian, J. Eli
Dolman, Brock
Lanman, Richard B.
Pollock, Michael M.
TI The historical range of beaver (Castor canadensis) in coastal
California: an updated review of the evidence
SO CALIFORNIA FISH AND GAME
LA English
DT Article
DE beaver; California; Castor canadensis; fur trade; historic range; San
Francisco Bay
ID SIERRA-NEVADA; UNITED-STATES; RESTORATION; DAMS; HABITAT; CHANNEL;
WOLVES; FIBER
AB The North American beaver (Castor canadensis) has not been considered native to the watersheds of coastal California or the San Francisco Bay Area. These assertions form the basis of current wildlife management policies regarding that aquatic mammal, and they date to the first half of the 20th century. This review challenges those long-held assumptions based on verifiable (physical) and documented (reliable observational) records. Novel findings are facilitated by recently digitized information largely inaccessible prior to the 21st century. Understanding that beaver are native to California's coastal watersheds is important, as their role in groundwater recharge, repair of stream channel incision, and restoration of wetlands may be critically important to the conservation of threatened salmonids, as well as endangered amphibians and riparian-dependent birds.
C1 [Lanman, Christopher W.; Lanman, Richard B.] Inst Hist Ecol, Los Altos, CA 94022 USA.
[Lundquist, Kate; Dolman, Brock] WATER Inst, Occidental Arts & Ecol Ctr, Occidental, CA 95465 USA.
[Perryman, Heidi] Worth Dam, Lafayette, CA 94549 USA.
[Asarian, J. Eli] Riverbend Sci, Weaverville, CA 96093 USA.
[Pollock, Michael M.] NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Lanman, RB (reprint author), Inst Hist Ecol, 556 Van Buren St, Los Altos, CA 94022 USA.
EM ricklanman@gmail.com
NR 127
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 6
U2 26
PU CALIFORNIA FISH AND GAME EDITOR
PI SACRAMENTO
PA 1416 NINTH ST, SACRAMENTO, CA 95814 USA
SN 0008-1078
J9 CALIF FISH GAME
JI Calif. Fish Game
PD FAL
PY 2013
VL 99
IS 4
BP 193
EP 221
PG 29
WC Fisheries; Zoology
SC Fisheries; Zoology
GA AR0PT
UT WOS:000343274500004
ER
PT J
AU Lewand, KO
Hyde, JR
Buonaccorsi, VP
Lea, RN
AF Lewand, Kevin O.
Hyde, John R.
Buonaccorsi, Vince P.
Lea, Robert N.
TI Orange coloration in a black-and-yellow rockfish (Sebastes chrysomelas)
from central California
SO CALIFORNIA FISH AND GAME
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE abnormal coloration; black-and-yellow rockfish; Sebastes chrysomelas
C1 [Lewand, Kevin O.] Monterey Bay Aquarium, Monterey, CA 93940 USA.
[Hyde, John R.] SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Buonaccorsi, Vince P.] Von Liebig Sci Ctr, Huntingdon, PA 16652 USA.
[Lea, Robert N.] Calif Dept Fish & Game, Monterey, CA 93940 USA.
[Lea, Robert N.] Calif Acad Sci, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA.
RP Lewand, KO (reprint author), Monterey Bay Aquarium, 886 Cannery Row, Monterey, CA 93940 USA.
EM klewand@mbayaq.org
NR 11
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU CALIFORNIA FISH AND GAME EDITOR
PI SACRAMENTO
PA 1416 NINTH ST, SACRAMENTO, CA 95814 USA
SN 0008-1078
J9 CALIF FISH GAME
JI Calif. Fish Game
PD FAL
PY 2013
VL 99
IS 4
BP 237
EP 239
PG 3
WC Fisheries; Zoology
SC Fisheries; Zoology
GA AR0PT
UT WOS:000343274500007
ER
PT J
AU Wayman, JL
Possolo, A
Mansfield, AJ
AF Wayman, James L.
Possolo, Antonio
Mansfield, Anthony J.
TI Modern statistical and philosophical framework for uncertainty
assessment in biometric performance testing
SO IET BIOMETRICS
LA English
DT Article
ID IDENTIFICATION EVIDENCE
AB The question of estimating uncertainty in measurement is fundamental to all scientific fields. In the field of automated human recognition, lack of repeatability and reproducibility of measurements has been noted since at least the 1970s. This study discusses current approaches to estimation of measurement uncertainty within the broader context of scientific philosophy and measurement science. The authors discuss the Duhem-Quine thesis on testing holism and international standards on estimating and reporting uncertainty in laboratory measurements, then apply these concepts to the estimation of uncertainty in technology, scenario and operational testing in biometrics. The authors advocate for moving beyond the calculation of 'coverage' intervals as defined in the ISO/IEC 'guidelines for the expression of uncertainty in measurement' to full application of the concepts of uncertainty assessment.
C1 [Wayman, James L.] San Jose State Univ, Off Grad Studies & Res, San Jose, CA 95192 USA.
[Possolo, Antonio] NIST, Stat Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Mansfield, Anthony J.] Natl Phys Lab, Ctr Math & Sci Comp, Teddington TW11 0LW, Middx, England.
RP Wayman, JL (reprint author), San Jose State Univ, Off Grad Studies & Res, San Jose, CA 95192 USA.
EM jlwayman@aol.com
NR 54
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET
PI HERTFORD
PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND
SN 2047-4938
EI 2047-4946
J9 IET BIOMETRICS
JI IET Biom.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 2
IS 3
BP 85
EP 96
DI 10.1049/iet-bmt.2013.0009
PG 12
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
SC Computer Science
GA AW9FP
UT WOS:000346563100001
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, C
Gross, JL
McAllister, TP
AF Zhang, Chao
Gross, John L.
McAllister, Therese P.
TI Lateral torsional buckling of steel W-beams subjected to localized fires
SO JOURNAL OF CONSTRUCTIONAL STEEL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Lateral torsional buckling; Steel beam; Localized fire; Critical
temperature; Non-uniform temperature distribution; Numerical
investigation
ID I-BEAMS; TEMPERATURE; RESISTANCE; BEHAVIOR; MEMBERS
AB Current design approaches to assess the lateral torsional buckling capacity of steel beams in fire are based on the assumption of uniform steel temperature. This paper investigates the effect of temperature gradients on the lateral torsional buckling behavior of steel wide flange (W) beams in fire conditions. The effects of localized fires and the temperature gradients they produce in steel beams were studied. Laterally unrestrained beams of various dimensions were subjected to a range of load ratios. The location of the localized fire was varied to provide different heating conditions. The standard ISO834 fire, and a uniform temperature condition in which the steel temperature was ramped linearly were used for comparison. The study shows that temperature gradients within a steel W-beam may have a detrimental effect on the lateral torsional buckling capacity of the beams in fire. The critical temperature, defined as the maximum temperature in a steel beam at which the beam undergoes lateral torsional buckling, in real fires may be hundreds of degrees lower than that in the standard ISO834 fire. The critical temperature in real fires may also be lower than that in the uniform heating condition. Design approaches based on the standard ISO834 fire or uniform steel temperature assumption may give unconservative results if the potential real fires are localized fires. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zhang, Chao; Gross, John L.; McAllister, Therese P.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Zhang, C (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM chao.zhang@nist.gov
NR 18
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0143-974X
EI 1873-5983
J9 J CONSTR STEEL RES
JI J. Constr. Steel. Res.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 88
BP 330
EP 338
DI 10.1016/j.jcsr.2013.06.004
PG 9
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering
GA 203LC
UT WOS:000323293700029
ER
EF