FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™
VR 1.0
PT J
AU Lewis, R
Lin, MH
Wang, YD
Cooper, J
Bradley, P
Radebaugh, R
Huber, M
Lee, YC
AF Lewis, Ryan
Lin, M. -H.
Wang, Yunda
Cooper, Jill
Bradley, Peter
Radebaugh, Ray
Huber, Marcia
Lee, Y. C.
TI Performance Analysis of an Integrated Micro Cryogenic Cooler and
Miniature Compressor for Cooling to 200 K
SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
AB Joule-Thomson (J-T) based micro cryogenic coolers (MCCs) are attractive because they can provide the cryogenic temperatures needed for small electronic devices while having a low cost and small volumetric footprint. A compressor is a major part of a cryogenic system, but so far J-T based MCCs have not used miniature or microscale compressors. This work demonstrates a J-T based MCC coupled with a miniature compressor for cooling to 200 K, with precooling of 273 K, using a custom hydrocarbon mixture as refrigerant. The compressor is formed by coupling a miniature piston oscillator built for stirling coolers with a micromachined check valve assembly. The MCC is formed by glass fibers within a capillary forming a counter flow heat exchanger, and a silicon and glass chip forming a J-T valve. Minimum temperatures of 166 K have been observed in transient, and stable temperatures of 200 61 K have been observed for >1 h. Some insight is given into the unstable performance in terms of intermittent liquid accumulation. The coefficient of performance is analyzed for the system, and it is found that most of the inefficiencies arise at the compressor.
C1 [Lewis, Ryan; Lin, M. -H.; Wang, Yunda; Cooper, Jill; Lee, Y. C.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Bradley, Peter; Radebaugh, Ray; Huber, Marcia] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Lewis, R (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
FU DARPA Micro Cryogenic Cooler Program [NBCHC060052, W31P4Q-10-10004]
FX This work is supported by the DARPA Micro Cryogenic Cooler Program with
Grant Nos. NBCHC060052 and W31P4Q-10-10004. The authors express their
appreciation to Mr. Ben Britton and Mr. Peter Davis for their support
for testing.
NR 11
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PU ASME
PI NEW YORK
PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 1948-5085
EI 1948-5093
J9 J THERM SCI ENG APPL
JI J. Therm. Sci. Eng. Appl.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 5
IS 3
AR 031003
DI 10.1115/1.4023307
PG 6
WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Engineering
GA V40YX
UT WOS:000209515000003
ER
PT J
AU Buller, DB
Berwick, M
Shane, J
Kane, I
Lantz, K
Buller, MK
AF Buller, David B.
Berwick, Marianne
Shane, James
Kane, Ilima
Lantz, Kathleen
Buller, Mary Klein
TI User-centered development of a smart phone mobile application delivering
personalized real-time advice on sun protection
SO TRANSLATIONAL BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE Sun safety; Smart phones; Focus groups; Usability testing; Formative
research; User-centered design
AB Smart phones are changing health communication for Americans. User-centered production of a mobile application for sun protection is reported. Focus groups (n=16 adults) provided input on the mobile application concept. Four rounds of usability testing were conducted with 22 adults to develop the interface. An iterative programming procedure moved from a specification document to the final mobile application, named Solar Cell. Adults desired a variety of sun protection advice, identified few barriers to use and were willing to input personal data. The Solar Cell prototype was improved from round 1 (seven of 12 tasks completed) to round 2 (11 of 12 task completed) of usability testing and was interoperable across handsets and networks. The fully produced version was revised during testing. Adults rated Solar Cell as highly user friendly (mean=5.06). The user-centered process produced a mobile application that should help many adults manage sun safety.
C1 [Buller, David B.; Shane, James; Kane, Ilima; Buller, Mary Klein] Klein Buendel Inc, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Berwick, Marianne] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Lantz, Kathleen] Univ Colorado, NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Buller, DB (reprint author), Klein Buendel Inc, 1667 Cole Blvd,Suite 225, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM dbuller@kleinbuendel.com
OI Berwick, Marianne/0000-0001-5062-2180
FU NCI NIH HHS [HHSN261200900025C, HHSN261201100108C]
NR 74
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U1 4
U2 12
PU SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG
PI CHAM
PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND
SN 1869-6716
EI 1613-9860
J9 TRANSL BEHAV MED
JI Transl. Behav. Med.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 3
IS 3
BP 326
EP 334
DI 10.1007/s13142-013-0208-1
PG 9
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA V39LQ
UT WOS:000209412900016
PM 24058385
ER
PT J
AU Hamadani, BH
Roller, J
Kounavis, P
Zhitenev, NB
Gundlach, DJ
AF Hamadani, B. H.
Roller, J.
Kounavis, P.
Zhitenev, N. B.
Gundlach, D. J.
TI Modulated photocurrent spectroscopy of CdTe/CdS solar cells equivalent
circuit analysis
SO SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
LA English
DT Article
DE Photovoltaics; Modulated photocurrent; PV; CdTe cells; Electro-optical
characterization; Dynamic response
ID BACK-CONTACT; DEEP-LEVEL; ADMITTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; RECOMBINATION;
SEMICONDUCTORS; THICKNESS; VOLTAGE; DEVICES; STATES; IMPS
AB Modulated photocurrent spectroscopy was used to investigate the dynamic response of charge carrier transport in thin film CdTe/CdS solar cells. The impact of light bias and temperature over a broad excitation frequency range were measured. The observed features of the data, including a photocurrent 'phase-lead' and a 'phase-lag' over different regions of the frequency spectrum, were explored in the context of an equivalent circuit model. Comparisons between the model's predicted performance and the measured data suggest that charge carrier recombination at the cell's back metal/semiconductor contact is the main source of photocurrent loss in these devices. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Hamadani, B. H.; Roller, J.] NIST, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Kounavis, P.] Univ Patras, Sch Engn, Dept Engn Sci, Patras 26504, Greece.
[Zhitenev, N. B.] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Gundlach, D. J.] NIST, Phys Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Hamadani, BH (reprint author), NIST, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM behrang.hamadani@nist.gov
RI Zhitenev, Nikolai/N-1780-2014
FU Engineering Laboratory of the National Institute of Standards and
Technology
FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Howard Yoon of NIST's Physical
Measurements Laboratory for useful discussions and providing calibrated
reference detectors, and Professor R. Collins of the University of
Toledo for providing additional CdTe samples that showed similar
behavior to the results presented with our own samples. They also thank
Dr. Paul Haney, and Brian Dougherty of NIST and Professor J. R. Sites of
Colorado States University for useful discussions and correspondence.
This work was primarily supported by the Engineering Laboratory of the
National Institute of Standards and Technology.
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0927-0248
EI 1879-3398
J9 SOL ENERG MAT SOL C
JI Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 116
BP 126
EP 134
DI 10.1016/j.solmat.2013.04.011
PG 9
WC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics
GA 191PP
UT WOS:000322425400018
ER
PT J
AU Maiersperger, TK
Scaramuzza, PL
Leigh, L
Shrestha, S
Gallo, KP
Jenkerson, CB
Dwyer, JL
AF Maiersperger, T. K.
Scaramuzza, P. L.
Leigh, L.
Shrestha, S.
Gallo, K. P.
Jenkerson, C. B.
Dwyer, J. L.
TI Characterizing LEDAPS surface reflectance products by comparisons with
AERONET, field spectrometer, and MODIS data
SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Landsat; Reflectance; LEDAPS; MODIS
ID LANDSAT TM DATA; ATMOSPHERIC CORRECTION; VALIDATION; AEROSOL; SENSORS;
CALIBRATION; RADIANCE; NETWORK; FUSION; ETM+
AB This study provides a baseline quality check on provisional Landsat Surface Reflectance (SR) products as generated by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center using Landsat Ecosystem Disturbance Adaptive Processing System (LEDAPS) software. Characterization of the Landsat SR products leveraged comparisons between aerosol optical thickness derived from LEDAPS and measured by Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET), as well as reflectance correlations with field spectrometer and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data. Results consistently indicated similarity between LEDAPS and alternative data products in longer wavelengths over vegetated areas with no adjacent water, while less reliable performance was observed in shorter wavelengths and sparsely vegetated areas. This study demonstrates the strengths and weaknesses of the atmospheric correction methodology used in LEDAPS, confirming its successful implementation to generate Landsat SR products. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Maiersperger, T. K.; Scaramuzza, P. L.] US Geol Survey, SGT Inc, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Leigh, L.; Shrestha, S.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Gallo, K. P.] NOAA, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Jenkerson, C. B.] US Geol Survey, ERT Inc, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Dwyer, J. L.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
RP Jenkerson, CB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, ERT Inc, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM jenkerson@usgs.gov
RI Gallo, Kevin P./F-5588-2010;
OI Dwyer, John/0000-0002-8281-0896
FU NASA Terrestrial Ecology program; NASA ACCESS; USGS Landsat Program;
USGS Landsat Data Continuity Mission (LDCM); [G10PC00044]
FX The original LEDAPS software was developed by Eric Vermote, Nazmi El
Saleous, Jonathan Kutler, and Robert Wolfe with support from the NASA
Terrestrial Ecology program (PI: Jeff Masek). The version used in this
study was adapted by Feng Gao (GSFC/ERT Corp.) with support from the
NASA ACCESS and the USGS Landsat Program. The EROS on-demand processing
system was developed by John Dwyer (USGS), David Hill (Information
Dynamics), Jason Werpy (Information Dynamics), Adam Dosch (ERT Corp.),
and Tom Maiersperger (SGT, Inc.) with support from the USGS Landsat Data
Continuity Mission (LDCM). This work was performed under contract
G10PC00044. The University of Arizona contributed ground data from the
Railroad Valley and Ivanpah sites.
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PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0034-4257
EI 1879-0704
J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON
JI Remote Sens. Environ.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 136
BP 1
EP 13
DI 10.1016/j.rse.2013.04.007
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA 186PC
UT WOS:000322055600001
ER
PT J
AU Jonsson, P
Gaigalas, G
Bieron, J
Fischer, CF
Grant, IP
AF Jonsson, P.
Gaigalas, G.
Bieron, J.
Fischer, C. Froese
Grant, I. P.
TI New version: GRASP2K relativistic atomic structure package
SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Relativistic atomic structure calculations; Multi-configurational
wavefunctions; Energy levels; Transition probabilities; Quantum
electrodynamic corrections; Zeeman effect; Hyperfine structure; Isotope
shift
ID COEFFICIENTS; PROGRAM
AB A revised version of GRASP2K [P. Jonsson, X. He, C. Froese Fischer, I.P. Grant, Comput. Phys. Commun. 177 (2007) 597] is presented. It supports earlier non-block and block versions of codes as well as a new block version in which the njgraf library module [A. Bar-Shalom, M. Klapisch, Comput. Phys. Commun. 50 (1988) 375] has been replaced by the librang angular package developed by Gaigalas based on the theory of [G. Gaigalas, Z.B. Rudzikas, C. Froese Fischer, J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Phys. 30 (1997) 3747, G. Gaigalas, S. Fritzsche, I.P. Grant, Comput. Phys. Commun. 139 (2001) 263]. Tests have shown that errors encountered by njgraf do not occur with the new angular package. The three versions are denoted v v2, and v3, respectively. In addition, in v3, the coefficients of fractional parentage have been extended to j = 9/2, making calculations feasible for the lanthanides and actinides. Changes in v2 include minor improvements. For example, the new version of rci2 may be used to compute quantum electrodynamic (QED) corrections only from selected orbitals. In v3, a new program, jj21sj, reports the percentage composition of the wave function in LSJ and the program rlevels has been modified to report the configuration state function (CSF) with the largest coefficient of an LSJ expansion. The biosc12 and biosc13 application programs have been modified to produce a file of transition data with one record for each transition in the same format as in ATSP2K [C. Froese Fischer, G. Tachiev, G. Gaigalas, M.R. Godefroid, Comput. Phys. Commun. 176 (2007) 559], which identifies each atomic state by the total energy and a label for the CSF with the largest expansion coefficient in LSJ intermediate coupling. All versions of the codes have been adapted for 64-bit computer architecture. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Jonsson, P.] Malmo Univ, Grp Mat Sci & Appl Math, S-20506 Malmo, Sweden.
[Gaigalas, G.] Vilnius Univ, Inst Theoret Phys & Astron, LT-01108 Vilnius, Lithuania.
[Bieron, J.] Uniwersytet Jagiellonski Reymonta 4, Inst Fizyki Imienia Mariana Smoluchowskiego, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland.
[Fischer, C. Froese] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
[Fischer, C. Froese] NIST, Atom Phys Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Grant, I. P.] Math Inst, Oxford OX1 3LB, England.
RP Jonsson, P (reprint author), Malmo Univ, Grp Mat Sci & Appl Math, S-20506 Malmo, Sweden.
EM per.jonsson@mah.se
RI Jonsson, Per/L-3602-2013
OI Jonsson, Per/0000-0001-6818-9637
FU Swedish Institute; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education
(MNiSW) [N N202 014140]; European Regional Development Fund in the
framework of the Polish Innovation Economy Operational Program
[POIG.02.01.00-12-023/08]
FX PJ, GG, and JB acknowledge support from the Visby program of the Swedish
Institute. JB, acknowledges support by the Polish Ministry of Science
and Higher Education (MNiSW) in the framework of the project No. N N202
014140 awarded for the years 2011-2014 as well as by the European
Regional Development Fund in the framework of the Polish Innovation
Economy Operational Program (contract no. POIG.02.01.00-12-023/08).
NR 14
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PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0010-4655
J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN
JI Comput. Phys. Commun.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 184
IS 9
BP 2197
EP 2203
DI 10.1016/j.cpc.2013.02.016
PG 7
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical
SC Computer Science; Physics
GA 180NS
UT WOS:000321602500018
ER
PT J
AU Olson, W
Emmenegger, E
Glenn, J
Simchick, C
Winton, J
Goetz, F
AF Olson, Wendy
Emmenegger, Eveline
Glenn, Jolene
Simchick, Crystal
Winton, Jim
Goetz, Frederick
TI Expression kinetics of key genes in the early innate immune response to
Great Lakes viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus IVb infection in yellow
perch (Perca flavescens)
SO DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Viral hemorrhagic septicemia; Great Lakes; Yellow perch; Innate immune
response
ID SERUM-AMYLOID-A; TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; CARP
CYPRINUS-CARPIO; ACUTE-PHASE RESPONSE; HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; RAINBOW-TROUT;
MX CDNA; MOLECULAR-CLONING; DNA VACCINATION
AB The recently discovered strain of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus, VHSV-IVb, represents an example of the introduction of an extremely pathogenic rhabdovirus capable of infecting a wide variety of new fish species in a new host-environment. The goal of the present study was to delineate the expression kinetics of key genes in the innate immune response relative to the very early stages of VHSV-IVb infection using the yellow perch (Perca flavescens) as a model. Administration of VHSV-IVb by IP-injection into juvenile yellow perch resulted in 84% cumulative mortality, indicating their high susceptibility to this disease. In fish sampled in the very early stages of infection, a significant up-regulation of Mx gene expression in the liver, as well as IL-1 beta and SAA activation in the head kidney, spleen, and liver was directly correlated to viral load. The potential down-regulation of Mx in the hematopoietic tissues, head kidney and spleen, may represent a strategy utilized by the virus to increase replication. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Olson, Wendy] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Freshwater Sci, Milwaukee, WI 53204 USA.
[Emmenegger, Eveline; Winton, Jim] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Glenn, Jolene] Seattle Biomed Res Inst, Seattle, WA 98109 USA.
[Simchick, Crystal; Goetz, Frederick] NOAA, Manchester Res Stn, Port Orchard, WA 98366 USA.
RP Goetz, F (reprint author), NOAA, Manchester Res Stn, 7305 E Beach Dr, Port Orchard, WA 98366 USA.
EM rick.goetz@NOAA.gov
FU University of Wisconsin Sea Grant Institute from the National Sea Grant
College Program, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, US
Department of Commerce [NA06OAR4170011, NA10OAR4170070, R/AQ-44,
R/AQ-41]; ARS/USDA CRIS [58-3655-9-748, 3655-31320-002-00D]
FX This work was funded in part by the University of Wisconsin Sea Grant
Institute under grants from the National Sea Grant College Program,
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, US Department of
Commerce, federal grant numbers NA06OAR4170011 and NA10OAR4170070,
project numbers R/AQ-44 and R/AQ-41. This work was also supported, in
part, by a Specific Cooperative Agreement (#58-3655-9-748) under
ARS/USDA CRIS #3655-31320-002-00D. The views contained in this document
are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily
representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the
US Government. This article has been peer reviewed and approved for
publication consistent with USGS Fundamental Science Practices
(http://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1367/). Mention of trade name, proprietary
product, or specific equipment does not constitute a guarantee or
warranty by the USDA and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of
other products that may be suitable. Any use of trade names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US
Government. This manuscript is submitted for publication with the
understanding that the US Government is authorized to reproduce and
distribute reprints for governmental purposes. The authors greatly
acknowledge the assistance of Doug Immerman, Jacob Bill, Ben Wiedenman
and Erin Weber in rearing perch for the study.
NR 55
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PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0145-305X
J9 DEV COMP IMMUNOL
JI Dev. Comp. Immunol.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 41
IS 1
BP 11
EP 19
DI 10.1016/j.dci.2013.03.012
PG 9
WC Immunology; Zoology
SC Immunology; Zoology
GA 173PM
UT WOS:000321091400002
PM 23529011
ER
PT J
AU Hollowed, AB
Planque, B
Loeng, H
AF Hollowed, Anne Babcock
Planque, Benjamin
Loeng, Harald
TI Potential movement of fish and shellfish stocks from the sub-Arctic to
the Arctic Ocean
SO FISHERIES OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Arctic Ocean; Barents Sea; Bering Sea; biogeography; climate change;
fish; fisheries; migration
ID EASTERN BERING-SEA; WHITING MICROMESISTIUS-POUTASSOU; OSCILLATING
CONTROL HYPOTHESIS; CRAB CHIONOECETES-OPILIO; FUTURE CLIMATE-CHANGE;
NORTH-ATLANTIC; BARENTS SEA; MARINE ECOSYSTEMS; CONTINENTAL-SHELF;
IMPACTS
AB An assessment of the potential for 17 fish or shellfish stocks or stock groups to move from the sub-Arctic areas into the Arctic Ocean was conducted. A panel of 34 experts was convened to assess the impact of climate change on the potential movement of the 17 stocks or stock groups. The panel considered the exposure of species to climate change, the sensitivity of species to these changes and the adaptive capacity of each stock or stock group. Based on expert opinions, the potential for expansion or movement into the Arctic was qualitatively ranked (low potential, potential, high potential). It is projected that the Arctic Ocean will become ice-free during the summer season, and when this happens new areas will open up for plankton production, which may lead to new feeding areas for fish stocks. Five stocks had a low potential to move to, or expand in, the high Arctic. Six species are considered as potential candidate species to move to, or expand in, the high Arctic. Six stocks had a high potential of establishing viable resident populations in the region. These six stocks exhibit life history characteristics that allow them to survive challenging environmental conditions that will continue to prevail in the north. This study suggests that several life history factors should be considered when assessing the potentiality of a species moving in response to changing climate conditions.
C1 [Hollowed, Anne Babcock] Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Planque, Benjamin] Inst Marine Res, N-9294 Tromso, Norway.
[Loeng, Harald] Inst Marine Res, N-5817 Bergen, Norway.
RP Hollowed, AB (reprint author), Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM Anne.Hollowed@noaa.gov
RI Planque, Benjamin/D-2729-2013
OI Planque, Benjamin/0000-0002-0557-7410
FU NPRB BSIERP
FX We are grateful to the scientists that attended the ICES/PICES workshop
on Biological Consequences of a Decrease in Sea Ice in Arctic and
Sub-Arctic Seas, held on 22 May 2011 in Seattle, WA. These scientists
provided expert advice that informed this analysis. We thank ICES and
PICES for support for invited speakers during that workshop and we thank
the ESSAS symposium steering committee for their support and
encouragement to hold the workshop. We thank Michael Sigler and Thomas
Wilderbuer for constructive comments that improved this manuscript. The
findings and conclusions of this paper are those of the author(s) and do
not necessarily represent the views of the National Marine Fisheries
Service, NOAA. This project was supported by NPRB BSIERP and is
BEST/BSIERP publication #92.
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PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1054-6006
EI 1365-2419
J9 FISH OCEANOGR
JI Fish Oceanogr.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 22
IS 5
BP 355
EP 370
DI 10.1111/fog.12027
PG 16
WC Fisheries; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Oceanography
GA 183MU
UT WOS:000321821000002
ER
PT J
AU Muhling, BA
Smith, RH
Vasquez-Yeomans, L
Lamkin, JT
Johns, EM
Carrillo, L
Sosa-Cordero, E
Malca, E
AF Muhling, Barbara A.
Smith, Ryan H.
Vasquez-Yeomans, Lourdes
Lamkin, John T.
Johns, Elizabeth M.
Carrillo, Laura
Sosa-Cordero, Eloy
Malca, Estrella
TI Larval fish assemblages and mesoscale oceanographic structure along the
Mesoamerican Barrier Reef System
SO FISHERIES OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE biological oceanography; ichthyoplankton assemblages; Mesoamerican Reef
ID CORAL-REEF; CARIBBEAN SEA; VERTICAL-DISTRIBUTION; GENETIC CONNECTIVITY;
SPAWNING AGGREGATION; ELEOTRID FISHES; CIRCULATION; POPULATIONS;
VARIABILITY; SETTLEMENT
AB The Mesoamerican Barrier Reef System (MBRS) is of high ecological and economic importance to the western Caribbean region, and contains spawning sites for a number of reef fish species. Despite this, little is known of the distribution and transport of pelagic fish larvae in the area, and basic in situ information on larval fish assemblages is lacking. Here we describe the results of two biological oceanography research cruises conducted in winter-spring of 2006 and 2007, focusing on larval fish assemblages. We use multivariate assemblage analyses to examine vertical and horizontal distribution characteristics of larval fish assemblages, to highlight key distinguishing taxa, and to relate these to the observed oceanographic structure. Our results showed a general separation between the Gulf of Honduras region, which was characterized by weaker currents and high abundances of inshore and estuarine taxa (Eleotridae, Priacanthidae), and the northern MBRS, which was subject to strong northward flow and contained a mixture of mesopelagic and reef-associated taxa (Myctophidae, Sparidae). Although distinct patterns of vertical distribution were observed among taxa, both shallow and deep living larvae were broadly distributed throughout the study area. Analysis of historical drifter tracks highlighted the strong northward flow and low retention conditions typically present along the northern MBRS, as well as potential connectivity between the western Caribbean Sea, the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.
C1 [Muhling, Barbara A.; Malca, Estrella] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Smith, Ryan H.; Johns, Elizabeth M.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Vasquez-Yeomans, Lourdes; Carrillo, Laura; Sosa-Cordero, Eloy] El Colegio Frontera Sur, Dept Ecol & Sistemat Acuat, Chetmal 77014, Quintana Roo, Mexico.
[Lamkin, John T.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Muhling, BA (reprint author), Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM barbara.muhling@noaa.gov
RI Johns, Elizabeth/I-3547-2013; Smith, Ryan/A-5706-2011
OI Johns, Elizabeth/0000-0002-2181-5052; Smith, Ryan/0000-0001-9824-6989
FU NOAA's Coral Reef Conservation Program [1244]
FX The authors wish to acknowledge the AOML Global Drifter Program, for the
historical drifter data, and MEXBOL, for genetic identifications of fish
larvae. We also thank R. Lumpkin for valuable assistance with processing
of drifter data, S. Morales for sorting and identification of fish
larvae, and R. Cowen for advice on data processing. The authors also
thank the captain and crew of the NOAA ship Gordon Gunter. This work was
partially funded by NOAA's Coral Reef Conservation Program #1244. We
also thank the two anonymous referees, whose comments significantly
improved the manuscript.
NR 55
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 3
U2 55
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1054-6006
J9 FISH OCEANOGR
JI Fish Oceanogr.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 22
IS 5
BP 409
EP 428
DI 10.1111/fog.12031
PG 20
WC Fisheries; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Oceanography
GA 183MU
UT WOS:000321821000006
ER
PT J
AU Deroba, JJ
Schueller, AM
AF Deroba, Jonathan J.
Schueller, Amy M.
TI Performance of stock assessments with misspecified age- and time-varying
natural mortality
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Natural mortality; Stock assessment; Simulation
ID VIRTUAL POPULATION ANALYSIS; PREDATION MORTALITY; ASSESSMENT MODELS;
GEAR SELECTIVITY; ANALYSIS VPA; FISH; DYNAMICS; SIZE; GROWTH; ERRORS
AB Natural mortality (M) in fish likely varies with age (size) and among years, and while M is often assumed constant over these factors in stock assessments, several methods have been applied to estimate age- or year-specific values. Including age- or time-varying M in stock assessments, however, may not produce less biased parameter estimates, despite the increased realism. Two generic fish populations (long- and short-lived) subject to size- and year-varying M were simulated, along with data used to fit statistical catch-at-age (SCAA) models. The SCAA models assumed M was constant, age-varying, or year-varying, and the bias in estimates of spawning stock biomass (SSB), fully selected fishing mortality (F), and recruitment was recorded. The scale and trends among years in the bias of parameter estimates were generally driven by how the true values of M varied among years and how M was treated in the SCAA model. Bias was unaffected by how fishing mortality rates varied among years. The scale and trends among years in the bias of parameter estimates were generally similar when specifying a constant M and an age-varying M in the SCAA model. Using an annually varying M in the SCAA model generally improved the scale, and reduced trends among years in the bias of parameter estimates relative to constant M and age-varying M. Trends among years in bias were generally more pronounced for estimates of SSB than recruitment for long-lived life history simulations, but the opposite was true for short-lived life history simulations. These results suggested that the biases induced by not accounting for age-variation in M are likely secondary to those caused by the misspecification of temporal trends (trend and annual fluctuations in this case) in M. More time should be dedicated to accounting for temporal shifts in M than accounting for age-variation in M. The consequences of misspecification of M may also partially depend on life history. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Deroba, Jonathan J.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Schueller, Amy M.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SE Fisheries Ctr, Beaufort Lab, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
RP Deroba, JJ (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM jonathan.deroba@noaa.gov; amy.schueller@noaa.gov
FU National Marine Fisheries Service Stock and Habitat Assessment Working
Groups
FX We are grateful to Al Seaver and his work with the National Fisheries
Toolbox (http://nft.nefsc.noaa.gov/). Chris Legault, Dan Hennen, and
Larry Jacobson provided valuable insights into the design and
interpretation of the study and results. Rick Methot, Paul Rago, Fred
Serchuk, and Kyle Shertzer provided comments on an earlier version of
this manuscript. This research was supported by funding from the
National Marine Fisheries Service Stock and Habitat Assessment Working
Groups. We thank the two anonymous reviewers and associate editor for
comments that improved this manuscript.
NR 36
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 18
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 146
BP 27
EP 40
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2013.03.015
PG 14
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 172UX
UT WOS:000321031500004
ER
PT J
AU DeRose, PC
Smith, MV
Anderson, JR
Kramer, GW
AF DeRose, Paul C.
Smith, Melody V.
Anderson, Jeffrey R.
Kramer, Gary W.
TI Characterization of standard reference material 2944, Bi-ion-doped
glass, spectral correction standard for red fluorescence
SO JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Fluorescence; Instrument qualification; Bi glass; Spectral correction;
SRM; Standards
ID LUMINESCENCE; BISMUTH
AB Standard Reference Material (SRM) 2944 is a cuvette-shaped, Bi-ion-doped glass, recommended for optimal use for relative spectral correction of emission from 590 nm to 805 nm and day-to-day performance verification of steady-state fluorescence spectrometers. Properties of this standard that influence its effective use or contribute to the uncertainty in its certified emission spectrum were explored here. These properties include its photostability, absorbance, dissolution rate in water, anisotropy and temperature coefficient of fluorescence intensity. The expanded uncertainties (k=2) in the certified spectrum are about 4% around the nominal peak maximum at 704 nm and increase to about 6% at the wings, using an excitation wavelength of 515 nm. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [DeRose, Paul C.; Smith, Melody V.; Anderson, Jeffrey R.; Kramer, Gary W.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP DeRose, PC (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM paul.derose@nist.gov
NR 36
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 18
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-2313
J9 J LUMIN
JI J. Lumines.
PD SEP
PY 2013
VL 141
BP 9
EP 14
DI 10.1016/j.jlumin.2013.02.055
PG 6
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 168DS
UT WOS:000320686500003
ER
PT J
AU Xue, XW
Hong, Y
Limaye, AS
Gourley, JJ
Huffman, GJ
Khan, SI
Dorji, C
Chen, S
AF Xue, Xianwu
Hong, Yang
Limaye, Ashutosh S.
Gourley, Jonathan J.
Huffman, George J.
Khan, Sadiq Ibrahim
Dorji, Chhimi
Chen, Sheng
TI Statistical and hydrological evaluation of TRMM-based Multi-satellite
Precipitation Analysis over the Wangchu Basin of Bhutan: Are the latest
satellite precipitation products 3B42V7 ready for use in ungauged
basins?
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE CREST model; A-priori parameter estimation; Hydrologic modeling
evaluation; Precipitation estimation
ID MODEL EVALUATION; ANALYSIS TMPA; RAINFALL; EQUIFINALITY; UNCERTAINTY;
CLASSIFICATION; PREDICTION; RESOLUTION; NETWORK; SYSTEM
AB The objective of this study is to quantitatively evaluate the successive Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA) products and further to explore the improvements and error propagation of the latest 3B42V7 algorithm relative to its predecessor 3B42V6 using the Coupled Routing and Excess Storage (CREST) hydrologic model in the mountainous Wangchu Basin of Bhutan. First, the comparison to a decade-long (2001-2010) daily rain gauge dataset reveals that: (1) 3B42V7 generally improves upon 3B42V6's underestimation both for the whole basin (bias from -41.15% to -8.38%) and for a 0.25 x 0.25 grid cell with high-density gauges (bias from -40.25% to 0.04%), though with modest enhancement of correlation coefficients (CC) (from 0.36 to 0.40 for basin-wide and from 0.37 to 0.41 for grid); and (2) 3B42V7 also improves its occurrence frequency across the rain intensity spectrum. Using the CREST model that has been calibrated with rain gauge inputs, the 3B42V6-based simulation shows limited hydrologic prediction NSCE skill (0.23 in daily scale and 0.25 in monthly scale) while 3B42V7 performs fairly well (0.66 in daily scale and 0.77 in monthly scale), a comparable skill score with the gauge rainfall simulations. After recalibrating the model with the respective TMPA data, significant improvements are observed for 3B42V6 across all categories, but not as much enhancement for the already-well-performing 3B42V7 except for a reduction in bias (from -26.98% to -4.81%). In summary, the latest 3B42V7 algorithm reveals a significant upgrade from 3B42V6 both in precipitation accuracy (i.e., correcting the underestimation) thus improving its potential hydrological utility. Forcing the model with 3B42V7 rainfall yields comparable skill scores with in situ gauges even without recalibration of the hydrological model by the satellite precipitation, a compensating approach often used but not favored by the hydrology community, particularly in ungauged basins. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Xue, Xianwu; Hong, Yang; Khan, Sadiq Ibrahim; Chen, Sheng] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Civil Engn & Environm Sci, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Xue, Xianwu; Hong, Yang] Natl Weather Ctr, Adv Radar Res Ctr, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Limaye, Ashutosh S.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Earth Sci Off, ZP11, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA.
[Gourley, Jonathan J.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Huffman, George J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Dorji, Chhimi] Minist Econ Affairs, Dept Hydromet Serv, Thimphu, Bhutan.
RP Hong, Y (reprint author), Natl Weather Ctr, Atmospher Radar Res Ctr, Suite 3630,120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM yanghong@ou.edu
RI Hong, Yang/D-5132-2009; Huffman, George/F-4494-2014; Gourley,
Jonathan/C-7929-2016; Xue, Xianwu/C-8006-2016
OI Hong, Yang/0000-0001-8720-242X; Huffman, George/0000-0003-3858-8308;
Gourley, Jonathan/0000-0001-7363-3755; Xue, Xianwu/0000-0002-2106-6370
FU NASA/Marshall Space Flight Center [NNM11AB34P, NNMi2428088Q]
FX The current study was supported by the NASA/Marshall Space Flight Center
Grants NNM11AB34P and NNMi2428088Q to the University of Oklahoma.
NR 39
TC 69
Z9 76
U1 5
U2 34
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD AUG 30
PY 2013
VL 499
BP 91
EP 99
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.06.042
PG 9
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA 220RY
UT WOS:000324605800009
ER
PT J
AU Compton, R
Gerardi, HK
Weidinger, D
Brown, DJ
Dressick, WJ
Heilweil, EJ
Owrutsky, JC
AF Compton, Ryan
Gerardi, Helen K.
Weidinger, Daniel
Brown, Douglas J.
Dressick, Walter J.
Heilweil, Edwin J.
Owrutsky, Jeffrey C.
TI Spectra and relaxation dynamics of the pseudohalide (PS) vibrational
bands for Ru(bpy)(2)(PS)(2) complexes, PS = CN, NCS and N-3
SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Vibrational relaxation; Organometallics; Ultrafast infrared; Ruthenium
polypyridine; Pseudohalide; Azide; Cyanide; Thiocyanate; Infrared
spectroscopy
ID TRANSFER EXCITED-STATES; ENERGY-GAP LAW; PHOTOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES;
INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; REVERSE MICELLES; AZIDE ION; POLYPYRIDINE
COMPLEXES; POPULATION RELAXATION; NANOCRYSTALLINE TIO2;
CARBONIC-ANHYDRASE
AB Static and transient infrared spectroscopy were used to investigate cis-Ru(bpy)(2)(N-3)(2) (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine), cis-Ru(bpy)(2)(NCS)(2), and cis-Ru(bpy)(2)(CN)(2) in solution. The NC stretching IR band for cis-Ru(bpy)(2) (NCS)(2) appears at higher frequency (similar to 2106 cm (1) in DMSO) than for the free NCS anion while the IR bands for the azide and cyanide complexes are closer to those of the respective free anions. The vibrational energy relaxation (VER) lifetime for the azide complex is found to be much shorter (similar to 5 ps) than for either the NCS or CN species (both similar to 70 ps in DMSO) and the lifetimes resemble those for each corresponding free anion in solution. However, for cis-Ru(bpy)(2)(N-3)(2), it is determined that the transition frequency depends more on the solvent than the VER lifetime implying that intramolecular vibrational relaxation is predominant over solvent energy-extracting interactions. These results are compared to the behavior of other related metal complexes in solution. (C) 2012 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Compton, Ryan; Gerardi, Helen K.; Owrutsky, Jeffrey C.] Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Weidinger, Daniel] SRA Int, Fairfax, VA 22033 USA.
[Brown, Douglas J.] US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[Dressick, Walter J.] Naval Res Lab, Ctr Bio Mol Sci & Engn, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Heilweil, Edwin J.] NIST, Radiat & Biomol Phys Div, Phys Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Owrutsky, JC (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Code 6111,4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM Jeff.Owrutsky@nrl.navy.mil
FU Office of Naval Research through the Naval Research Laboratory; NIST
STRS; National Research Council
FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research through the
Naval Research Laboratory and by NIST STRS internal funding. R. C. and
H. G. thank the National Research Council for administering the
postdoctoral fellowship program at NRL. The authors thank Joseph F.
Parker for assistance with the electrochemical measurements.
NR 64
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 26
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0301-0104
J9 CHEM PHYS
JI Chem. Phys.
PD AUG 30
PY 2013
VL 422
SI SI
BP 135
EP 142
DI 10.1016/j.chemphys.2012.11.015
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 216UF
UT WOS:000324309600018
ER
PT J
AU von Bardeleben, HJ
Cantin, JL
Zhang, DM
Richardella, A
Rench, DW
Samarth, N
Borchers, JA
AF von Bardeleben, H. J.
Cantin, J. L.
Zhang, D. M.
Richardella, A.
Rench, D. W.
Samarth, N.
Borchers, J. A.
TI Ferromagnetism in Bi2Se3: Mn epitaxial layers
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID TOPOLOGICAL INSULATORS; SEMICONDUCTORS
AB The magnetism in similar to 1 at% Mn-doped nanometric Bi2Se3 epitaxial layers has been studied by ferromagnetic resonance (FMR), magnetometry, and polarized neutron reflectivity (PNR) measurements. The FMR results reveal the formation of an intrinsic homogeneous FM bulk phase, as confirmed by the PNR measurements. Its critical temperature is low: T-c approximate to 6 K; no surface magnetic phase is detected above this temperature. The FMR measurements at T = 4.2 K show a single uniform mode spectrum with a strong uniaxial in-plane/out-of-plane symmetry. The uniaxial anisotropy field at T = 4 K is H-a similar to - 2500 Oe, corresponding to a uniaxial anisotropy constant of -9 x 10(3) erg/cm(3). The easy axis of magnetization is oriented in the film plane for temperatures between 4 K and T-c. Conduction electron-mediated FM in this (very) diluted magnetic semiconductor is considered as the most probable origin of the FM phase formation.
C1 [von Bardeleben, H. J.; Cantin, J. L.] Univ Paris 06, Inst Nanosci Paris INSP, F-75005 Paris, France.
[Zhang, D. M.; Richardella, A.; Rench, D. W.; Samarth, N.] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Borchers, J. A.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP von Bardeleben, HJ (reprint author), Univ Paris 06, Inst Nanosci Paris INSP, 4 Pl Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
RI Samarth, Nitin/C-4475-2014
OI Samarth, Nitin/0000-0003-2599-346X
FU DARPA [N66001-11-1-4110]; ONR [N00014-12-1-0117]; Penn State Center for
Nanoscale Science under the MRSEC program (NSF) [DMR-0820404];
Pennsylvania State University Materials Research Institute
Nanofabrication Laboratory; National Science Foundation [ECS-0335765]
FX This work was supported by DARPA (N66001-11-1-4110). We also acknowledge
partial support from ONR (N00014-12-1-0117) and the Penn State Center
for Nanoscale Science under the MRSEC program (NSF Grant No.
DMR-0820404). This publication was also supported by the Pennsylvania
State University Materials Research Institute Nanofabrication Laboratory
and the National Science Foundation Cooperative Agreement No.
ECS-0335765.
NR 22
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 4
U2 77
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 30
PY 2013
VL 88
IS 7
AR 075149
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.88.075149
PG 6
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 208VR
UT WOS:000323710000006
ER
PT J
AU Bishof, M
Zhang, X
Martin, MJ
Ye, J
AF Bishof, M.
Zhang, X.
Martin, M. J.
Ye, Jun
TI Optical Spectrum Analyzer with Quantum-Limited Noise Floor
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID LASER STABILIZATION; FREQUENCY STANDARDS; LATTICE CLOCK; DIODE-LASER;
CAVITY; PRECISION; STABILITY; LINEWIDTH; SHAPE
AB Interactions between atoms and lasers provide the potential for unprecedented control of quantum states. Fulfilling this potential requires detailed knowledge of frequency noise in optical oscillators with state-of-the-art stability. We demonstrate a technique that precisely measures the noise spectrum of an ultrastable laser using optical lattice-trapped Sr-87 atoms as a quantum projection noise-limited reference. We determine the laser noise spectrum from near dc to 100 Hz via the measured fluctuations in atomic excitation, guided by a simple and robust theory model. The noise spectrum yields a 26(4) mHz linewidth at a central frequency of 429 THz, corresponding to an optical quality factor of 1.6 x 10(16). This approach improves upon optical heterodyne beats between two similar laser systems by providing information unique to a single laser and complements the traditionally used Allan deviation which evaluates laser performance at relatively long time scales. We use this technique to verify the reduction of resonant noise in our ultrastable laser via feedback from an optical heterodyne beat. Finally, we show that knowledge of our laser's spectrum allows us to accurately predict the laser-limited stability for optical atomic clocks.
C1 [Bishof, M.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Bishof, M (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RI Ye, Jun/C-3312-2011
FU DARPA QuASAR; NIST; NSF; NDSEG
FX We thank R. Ozeri for stimulating discussions on dynamical decoupling
and J. K. Thompson and Z. Chen for parallel work and discussions on the
treatment of oscillator phase noise in the Bloch vector picture [19]. We
thank T. L. Nicholson, B. J. Bloom, J. R. Williams, W. Zhang, and S. L.
Campbell for useful discussions. We acknowledge funding support for this
work by DARPA QuASAR, NIST, and NSF. M. B. acknowledges support from
NDSEG.
NR 29
TC 23
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 20
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 30
PY 2013
VL 111
IS 9
AR 093604
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.093604
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 208XS
UT WOS:000323716400003
PM 24033036
ER
PT J
AU von Hillebrandt-Andrade, C
AF von Hillebrandt-Andrade, Christa
TI Minimizing Caribbean Tsunami Risk
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 US Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Caribbean Tsunami Warning Program, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA.
RP von Hillebrandt-Andrade, C (reprint author), US Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Caribbean Tsunami Warning Program, 259 Alfonso Valdes Residences 1B-2A, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA.
EM christa.vonh@noaa.gov
NR 8
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 8
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
EI 1095-9203
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD AUG 30
PY 2013
VL 341
IS 6149
BP 966
EP 968
DI 10.1126/science.1238943
PG 3
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 208BZ
UT WOS:000323652300028
PM 23990549
ER
PT J
AU Gargi, D
Kline, RJ
DeLongchamp, DM
Fischer, DA
Toney, MF
O'Connor, BT
AF Gargi, Deepak
Kline, R. Joseph
DeLongchamp, Dean M.
Fischer, Daniel A.
Toney, Michael F.
O'Connor, Brendan T.
TI Charge Transport in Highly Face-On Poly(3-hexylthiophene) Films
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
LA English
DT Article
ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; HIGH-MOBILITY; THIN-FILMS; HIGH-PERFORMANCE;
REGIOREGULAR POLY(3-HEXYLTHIOPHENE); CONJUGATED POLYMERS; MOLECULAR
PACKING; MICROSTRUCTURE; DEPENDENCE; INTERFACES
AB We report that the pi-stacking direction in poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) films can be made to orient strongly out-of plane by uniaxially straining films in orthogonal directions, providing a valuable opportunity to evaluate charge transport in a very unusual microstructure for this material. The structure of the films was characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, showing that unstrained films have a weakly edge-on stacking character with a large orientation distribution, whereas films strained biaxially by 100% in orthogonal directions have highly face-on stacking. In the biaxially strained films the face-on packing occurs while the P3HT long axis orientation is found to be only weakly anisotropic in-plane. Charge transport is characterized in an organic thin-film transistor (OTFT) configuration, showing that the saturated field effect mobility in the biaxially strained films is greater than that for unstrained films for channel lengths <= 10 mu m. The mobilities are found to have different channel-length dependence, attributed primarily to differences in the field-dependent charge-transport behavior, resulting in the mobility being comparable for channel lengths of 20 mu m. The results suggest that edge-on packing is not a prerequisite for relatively high-field-effect mobility in P3HT-based OTFTs.
C1 [Gargi, Deepak; O'Connor, Brendan T.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Kline, R. Joseph; DeLongchamp, Dean M.; Fischer, Daniel A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Toney, Michael F.] Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lightsource, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP O'Connor, BT (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM brendan_oconnor@ncsu.edu
RI O'Connor, Brendan/K-8640-2012; Kline, Regis/B-8557-2008
FU National Science Foundation [CMMI-1200340]
FX This material is based on work supported by the National Science
Foundation under Grant No. CMMI-1200340. Portions of this research were
carried out at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, a
Directorate of SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and an Office of
Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of Energy Office
of Science by Stanford University.
NR 39
TC 39
Z9 39
U1 7
U2 86
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1932-7447
J9 J PHYS CHEM C
JI J. Phys. Chem. C
PD AUG 29
PY 2013
VL 117
IS 34
BP 17421
EP 17428
DI 10.1021/jp4050644
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 211OG
UT WOS:000323917300006
ER
PT J
AU Karion, A
Sweeney, C
Petron, G
Frost, G
Hardesty, RM
Kofler, J
Miller, BR
Newberger, T
Wolter, S
Banta, R
Brewer, A
Dlugokencky, E
Lang, P
Montzka, SA
Schnell, R
Tans, P
Trainer, M
Zamora, R
Conley, S
AF Karion, Anna
Sweeney, Colm
Petron, Gabrielle
Frost, Gregory
Hardesty, R. Michael
Kofler, Jonathan
Miller, Ben R.
Newberger, Tim
Wolter, Sonja
Banta, Robert
Brewer, Alan
Dlugokencky, Ed
Lang, Patricia
Montzka, Stephen A.
Schnell, Russell
Tans, Pieter
Trainer, Michael
Zamora, Robert
Conley, Stephen
TI Methane emissions estimate from airborne measurements over a western
United States natural gas field
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE methane; natural gas; emissions
ID OZONE
AB Methane (CH4) emissions from natural gas production are not well quantified and have the potential to offset the climate benefits of natural gas over other fossil fuels. We use atmospheric measurements in a mass balance approach to estimate CH4 emissions of 5515 x 10(3) kg h(-1) from a natural gas and oil production field in Uintah County, Utah, on 1 day: 3 February 2012. This emission rate corresponds to 6.2%-11.7% (1 sigma) of average hourly natural gas production in Uintah County in the month of February. This study demonstrates the mass balance technique as a valuable tool for estimating emissions from oil and gas production regions and illustrates the need for further atmospheric measurements to determine the representativeness of our single-day estimate and to better assess inventories of CH4 emissions.
C1 [Karion, Anna; Sweeney, Colm; Petron, Gabrielle; Frost, Gregory; Hardesty, R. Michael; Kofler, Jonathan; Miller, Ben R.; Newberger, Tim; Wolter, Sonja] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Karion, Anna; Sweeney, Colm; Petron, Gabrielle; Frost, Gregory; Hardesty, R. Michael; Kofler, Jonathan; Miller, Ben R.; Newberger, Tim; Wolter, Sonja; Banta, Robert; Brewer, Alan; Dlugokencky, Ed; Lang, Patricia; Montzka, Stephen A.; Schnell, Russell; Tans, Pieter; Trainer, Michael; Zamora, Robert] NOAA, ESRL, Boulder, CO USA.
[Conley, Stephen] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Sweeney, C (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM Colm.Sweeney@noaa.gov
RI Frost, Gregory/I-1958-2013; Banta, Robert/B-8361-2008; Trainer,
Michael/H-5168-2013; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015;
OI Miller, Benjamin/0000-0003-1647-0122; Montzka,
Stephen/0000-0002-9396-0400
FU Uintah Impact Mitigation Special Service District (UIMSSD); Western
Energy Alliance; Bureau of Land Management (BLM); National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA); National Science Foundation (NSF); State of Utah
FX This study would not have been possible without the support from
participants of the 2012 Uintah Basin Winter Ozone and Air Quality
Study, which was funded by Uintah Impact Mitigation Special Service
District (UIMSSD), Western Energy Alliance, Bureau of Land Management
(BLM), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA),
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), National Science Foundation
(NSF), and the State of Utah. We thank Ken Davis (Pennsylvania State
University), Christopher Fairall (NOAA/PSD), Kelly Sours, Molly
Crotwell, Jack Higgs, Don Neff, Doug Guenther, Carolina Siso, and Chris
Carparelli (University of Colorado and NOAA/ESRL) for their assistance
and contributions to this project.
NR 22
TC 132
Z9 135
U1 18
U2 110
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD AUG 28
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 16
BP 4393
EP 4397
DI 10.1002/grl.50811
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 219SI
UT WOS:000324529000049
ER
PT J
AU Thompson, RL
Dlugokencky, E
Chevallier, F
Ciais, P
Dutton, G
Elkins, JW
Langenfelds, RL
Prinn, RG
Weiss, RF
Tohjima, Y
O'Doherty, S
Krummel, PB
Fraser, P
Steele, LP
AF Thompson, R. L.
Dlugokencky, E.
Chevallier, F.
Ciais, P.
Dutton, G.
Elkins, J. W.
Langenfelds, R. L.
Prinn, R. G.
Weiss, R. F.
Tohjima, Y.
O'Doherty, S.
Krummel, P. B.
Fraser, P.
Steele, L. P.
TI Interannual variability in tropospheric nitrous oxide
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE nitrous oxide; ENSO; interannual variability
ID SEASONAL CYCLES; EMISSIONS; SOILS; TEMPERATURE; TRENDS; FLUXES; N2O
AB Observations of tropospheric N2O mixing ratio show significant variability on interannual timescales (0.2ppb, 1 standard deviation). We found that interannual variability in N2O is weakly correlated with that in CFC-12 and SF6 for the northern extratropics and more strongly correlated for the southern extratropics, suggesting that interannual variability in all these species is influenced by large-scale atmospheric circulation changes and, for SF6 in particular, interhemispheric transport. N2O interannual variability was not, however, correlated with polar lower stratospheric temperature, which is used as a proxy for stratosphere-to-troposphere transport in the extratropics. This suggests that stratosphere-to-troposphere transport is not a dominant factor in year-to-year variations in N2O growth rate. Instead, we found strong correlations of N2O interannual variability with the Multivariate ENSO Index. The climate variables, precipitation, soil moisture, and temperature were also found to be significantly correlated with N2O interannual variability, suggesting that climate-driven changes in soil N2O flux may be important for variations in N2O growth rate.
C1 [Thompson, R. L.] Norwegian Inst Air Res, N-2027 Kjeller, Norway.
[Dlugokencky, E.; Dutton, G.; Elkins, J. W.] NOAA, Global Monitoring Div, ESRL, Boulder, CO USA.
[Chevallier, F.; Ciais, P.] Lab Sci Climat & Environm, Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Langenfelds, R. L.; Krummel, P. B.; Fraser, P.; Steele, L. P.] CSIRO, Ctr Australian Weather & Climate Res, Aspendale, Vic, Australia.
[Prinn, R. G.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Weiss, R. F.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Tohjima, Y.] Natl Inst Environm Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
[O'Doherty, S.] Univ Bristol, Bristol, Avon, England.
RP Thompson, RL (reprint author), Norwegian Inst Air Res, Inst Veien 18, N-2027 Kjeller, Norway.
EM rona.thompson@nilu.no
RI Chevallier, Frederic/E-9608-2016; Tohjima, Yasunori/F-9975-2016;
Langenfelds, Raymond/B-5381-2012; Krummel, Paul/A-4293-2013; Fraser,
Paul/D-1755-2012; Steele, Paul/B-3185-2009;
OI Chevallier, Frederic/0000-0002-4327-3813; Krummel,
Paul/0000-0002-4884-3678; Steele, Paul/0000-0002-8234-3730; Thompson,
Rona/0000-0001-9485-7176
FU EU Seventh Research Framework Programme (MACC-II) [283576]; Norwegian
Research Council (SOGG-EA) [193774]; NASA
FX We are very grateful to S. Zaehle, L. Bopp, and W. Lahoz for their
advice and to G. van der Werf for the use of GFED data. We also thank
the many staff involved in air sample collection, analysis, instrument
maintenance, calibration, and operation. This work was jointly financed
by the EU Seventh Research Framework Programme (grant agreement 283576,
MACC-II) and by the Norwegian Research Council (contract 193774,
SOGG-EA). The AGAGE network is supported by grants from NASA to MIT and
SIO.
NR 35
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 20
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD AUG 28
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 16
BP 4426
EP 4431
DI 10.1002/grl.50721
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 219SI
UT WOS:000324529000055
ER
PT J
AU Suzuki, K
Golaz, JC
Stephens, GL
AF Suzuki, Kentaroh
Golaz, Jean-Christophe
Stephens, Graeme L.
TI Evaluating cloud tuning in a climate model with satellite observations
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE aerosol indirect effect; cloud microphysics; model evaluation
ID PARAMETERIZATIONS; RADAR
AB This study examines the validity of a tunable cloud parameter, the threshold particle radius triggering the warm rain formation, in a climate model. Alternate values of the model's particular parameter within uncertainty have been shown to produce severely different historical temperature trends due to differing magnitude of aerosol indirect forcing. Three different threshold radii are evaluated against satellite observations in terms of the statistics depicting microphysical process signatures of the warm rain formation. The results show that the simulated temperature trend best matches to observed trend when the model adopts the threshold radius that worst reproduces satelliteobserved microphysical statistics and vice versa. This inconsistency between the bottomup processbased constraint and the topdown temperature trend constraint implies the presence of compensating errors in the model.
C1 [Suzuki, Kentaroh; Stephens, Graeme L.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Golaz, Jean-Christophe] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
RP Suzuki, K (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Mail Stop 233-300,4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM kentaro.suzuki@jpl.nasa.gov
RI Suzuki, Kentaroh/C-3624-2011; Golaz, Jean-Christophe/D-5007-2014
OI Golaz, Jean-Christophe/0000-0003-1616-5435
FU NASA [NNX07AR11G, NNX09AJ45G]
FX This study was carried out at Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California
Institute of Technology, under a contract with National Aeronautics and
Space Administration (NASA) and supported by NASA grants NNX07AR11G and
NNX09AJ45G. The CloudSat data products were provided by CloudSat Data
Processing Center at CIRA/Colorado State University.
NR 14
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 10
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD AUG 28
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 16
BP 4464
EP 4468
DI 10.1002/grl.50874
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 219SI
UT WOS:000324529000062
ER
PT J
AU Watson, MC
Morriss-Andrews, A
Welch, PM
Brown, FLH
AF Watson, Max C.
Morriss-Andrews, Alex
Welch, Paul M.
Brown, Frank L. H.
TI Thermal fluctuations in shape, thickness, and molecular orientation in
lipid bilayers. II. Finite surface tensions
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID COARSE-GRAINED MODEL; MEMBRANE-PROTEIN INTERACTIONS; FIXED PROJECTED
AREA; ELASTIC PROPERTIES; FLUID MEMBRANES; DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS;
PHASE-TRANSITIONS; CHANNEL LIFETIME; TILT; DEFORMATIONS
AB We investigate the role of lipid chemical potential on the shape, thickness, and molecular orientation (lipid tilting relative to the monolayer surface normal) of lipid bilayers via a continuum-level model. We predict that decreasing the chemical potential at constant temperature, which is associated with an increase in surface tension via the Gibbs-Duhem relation, leads both to the well known reduction in thermal membrane undulations and also to increasing fluctuation amplitudes for bilayer thickness and molecular orientation. These trends are shown to be in good agreement with molecular simulations, however it is impossible to achieve full quantitative agreement between theory and simulation within the confines of the present model. We suggest that the assumption of lipid volume incompressibility, common to our theoretical treatment and other continuum models in the literature, may be partially responsible for the quantitative discrepancies between theory and simulation. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Watson, Max C.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Watson, Max C.; Morriss-Andrews, Alex; Brown, Frank L. H.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Watson, Max C.; Welch, Paul M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Brown, Frank L. H.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Chem & Biochem, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP Watson, MC (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
OI Welch, Paul/0000-0001-5614-2065
FU Los Alamos National Laboratory Institute for Multiscale Materials
Studies under the auspices of the National Nuclear Security
Administration of the U. S. Department of Energy [DE-AC52-06NA25396];
National Science Foundation [NSF CHE-0848809, CHE-1153096, CNS-0960316]
FX Some computing time was provided by the Los Alamos National Laboratory
Institutional Computing Program. Financial support was provided by the
Los Alamos National Laboratory Institute for Multiscale Materials
Studies, operated under the auspices of the National Nuclear Security
Administration of the U. S. Department of Energy under Contract No.
DE-AC52-06NA25396 and the National Science Foundation (NSF CHE-0848809,
CHE-1153096, and CNS-0960316). F.L.H.B. is a Camille Dreyfus
Teacher-Scholar.
NR 84
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 3
U2 40
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD AUG 28
PY 2013
VL 139
IS 8
AR 084706
DI 10.1063/1.4818530
PG 18
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 211RO
UT WOS:000323928000064
PM 24007028
ER
PT J
AU Zhu, CJ
Deng, L
Hagley, EW
AF Zhu, Chengjie
Deng, L.
Hagley, E. W.
TI Linear and nonlinear Faraday rotations of light polarization in a
four-level active-Raman-gain medium
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTROMAGNETICALLY INDUCED TRANSPARENCY
AB We investigate linear and nonlinear Faraday effects in a room-temperature, coherently driven four-level active-Raman-gain (ARG) medium. By using the multiple-scale method, we derive two nonlinear coupled envelope equations governing the dynamics of left-and right-polarized components of a linearly polarized probe field. Under the weak probe field approximation, we demonstrate a factor of four increase of the Faraday rotation angle by the linear and nonlinear response of the ARG scheme without probe field loss. We further compare this ARG system with an M-type five-state electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) scheme and demonstrate the superiority of the ARG scheme over the conventional EIT scheme.
C1 [Zhu, Chengjie] E China Normal Univ, Shanghai 200062, Peoples R China.
[Zhu, Chengjie; Deng, L.; Hagley, E. W.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Zhu, CJ (reprint author), E China Normal Univ, Shanghai 200062, Peoples R China.
FU NSF-China [10874043, 11174080]; Chinese Education Ministry Reward for
Excellent Doctors in Academics [MXRZZ2010007]
FX Chengjie Zhu acknowledges support by NSF-China under Grants No. 10874043
and No. 11174080, and by the Chinese Education Ministry Reward for
Excellent Doctors in Academics under Grant No. MXRZZ2010007.
NR 21
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 14
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD AUG 28
PY 2013
VL 88
IS 2
AR 023854
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.88.023854
PG 5
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 208UD
UT WOS:000323704900007
ER
PT J
AU Liu, JJ
Li, ZQ
Zheng, YF
Chiu, JC
Zhao, FS
Cadeddu, M
Weng, FZ
Cribb, M
AF Liu, Jianjun
Li, Zhanqing
Zheng, Youfei
Chiu, J. Christine
Zhao, Fengsheng
Cadeddu, Maria
Weng, Fuzhong
Cribb, Maureen
TI Cloud optical and microphysical properties derived from ground-based and
satellite sensors over a site in the Yangtze Delta region
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE cloud properties; eastern China
ID DROPLET EFFECTIVE RADIUS; LIQUID WATER PATH; VERTICAL VARIATION; DEPTH;
MODIS; THICKNESS; RETRIEVALS; TEMPERATURE; CALIBRATION; RADIOMETER
AB Comprehensive surface-based retrievals of cloud optical and microphysical properties were made at Taihu, a highly polluted site in the central Yangtze Delta region, during a research campaign from May 2008 to December 2009. Cloud optical depth (COD), effective radius (R-e), and liquid water path (LWP) were retrieved from measurements made with a suite of ground-based and spaceborne instruments, including an Analytical Spectral Devices spectroradiometer, a multifilter rotating shadowband radiometer, a multichannel microwave radiometer profiler, and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on Terra and Aqua satellites. Retrievals from zenith radiance measurements capture better the temporal variation of cloud properties than do retrievals from hemispherical fluxes. Annual mean LWP, COD, and R-e are 115.890.8g/m(2), 28.519.2, and 6.94.2 mu m. Over 90% of LWP values are less than 250g/m(2). Most of the COD values (>90%) fall between 5 and 60, and similar to 80% of R-e values are less than 10 mu m. Maximum (minimum) values of LWP and R-e occur in summer (winter); COD is highest in winter and spring. Raining and nonraining clouds have significant differences in LWP, COD, and R-e. Rainfall frequency is best correlated with LWP, followed by COD and R-e. Cloud properties retrieved from multiple ground-based instruments are also compared with those from satellite retrievals. On average, relative to surface retrievals, mean differences of satellite retrievals in cloud LWP, COD, and R-e were -33.6g/m(2) (-26.4%), -5.8 (-31.4%), and 2.9 mu m (29.3%) for 11 MODIS-Terra overpasses and -43.3 g/m(2) (-22.3%), -3.0 (-10.0%), and -1.3 mu m (-12.0%) for 8 MODIS-Aqua overpasses, respectively. These discrepancies indicate that MODIS cloud products still suffer from large uncertainties in this region.
C1 [Liu, Jianjun; Li, Zhanqing] Beijing Normal Univ, State Lab Earth Surface Proc & Resource Ecol, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
[Liu, Jianjun; Li, Zhanqing] Beijing Normal Univ, Coll Global Change & Earth Syst Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
[Liu, Jianjun; Li, Zhanqing; Zhao, Fengsheng; Cribb, Maureen] Univ Maryland, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Liu, Jianjun; Li, Zhanqing; Zhao, Fengsheng; Cribb, Maureen] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Liu, Jianjun; Zheng, Youfei] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Jiangsu Key Lab Atmospher Environm Monitoring & P, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Chiu, J. Christine] Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Reading, Berks, England.
[Cadeddu, Maria] Argonne Natl Lab, Lemont, IL USA.
[Weng, Fuzhong] NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD USA.
RP Li, ZQ (reprint author), Beijing Normal Univ, State Lab Earth Surface Proc & Resource Ecol, Xinjiekouwai St 19, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
EM zli@atmos.umd.edu
RI Chiu, Christine/E-5649-2013; Liu, Jianjun/F-4673-2014; Weng,
Fuzhong/F-5633-2010; Li, Zhanqing/F-4424-2010; Cribb,
Maureen/K-1341-2013
OI Chiu, Christine/0000-0002-8951-6913; Weng, Fuzhong/0000-0003-0150-2179;
Li, Zhanqing/0000-0001-6737-382X; Cribb, Maureen/0000-0002-9745-3676
FU Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2012AA120901, 2013CB955802,
2013CB955804]; National Science Foundation of China [41175019,
40637035]; U.S. National Science Foundation [AGS1118325]; Department of
Energy [ER65319, DE-SC0006001]; NASA [NNX08AH71G]; Key University
Science Research Project of Jiangsu Province [09KJA17004]; National
Natural Science Foundation of China [41075114]; Department of Energy,
Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX This study was supported by numerous grants from the Ministry of Science
and Technology of China (2012AA120901, 2013CB955802, 2013CB955804) and
National Science Foundation of China (41175019,40637035) for Jianjun
Liu, Fengsheng Zhao, and Zhanqing Li; the U.S. National Science
Foundation (AGS1118325) for Zhanqing Li; Department of Energy (ER65319)
and NASA (NNX08AH71G) for Zhanqing Li and Department of Energy
(DE-SC0006001) for J. Christine Chiu; and the Key University Science
Research Project of Jiangsu Province (09KJA17004) and National Natural
Science Foundation of China (41075114) for Youfei Zheng. Argonne
National Laboratory's work was supported by the Department of Energy,
Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research,
under contract DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 63
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 14
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD AUG 27
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 16
BP 9141
EP 9152
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50648
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 225AE
UT WOS:000324933900027
ER
PT J
AU Fielding, MD
Chiu, JC
Hogan, RJ
Feingold, G
AF Fielding, Mark D.
Chiu, J. Christine
Hogan, Robin J.
Feingold, Graham
TI 3D cloud reconstructions: Evaluation of scanning radar scan strategy
with a view to surface shortwave radiation closure
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE scanning radar; clouds; cloud reconstruction; radar sensitivity;
shortwave radiation closure; cloud radiation interaction
ID LIQUID-WATER-CONTENT; EFFECTIVE RADIUS; MEASUREMENT PROGRAM; CUMULUS
CLOUDS; FIELDS; MODEL; RETRIEVALS; ALGORITHM; PROFILES; ACCURACY
AB The ability of six scanning cloud radar scan strategies to reconstruct cumulus cloud fields for radiation study is assessed. Utilizing snapshots of clean and polluted cloud fields from large eddy simulations, an analysis is undertaken of error in both the liquid water path and monochromatic downwelling surface irradiance at 870nm of the reconstructed cloud fields. Error introduced by radar sensitivity, choice of radar scan strategy, retrieval of liquid water content (LWC), and reconstruction scheme is explored. Given an infinitely sensitive radar and perfect LWC retrieval, domain average surface irradiance biases are typically less than 3Wm(-2)mu m(-1), corresponding to 5-10% of the cloud radiative effect (CRE). However, when using a realistic radar sensitivity of -37.5 dBZ at 1km, optically thin areas and edges of clouds are difficult to detect due to their low radar reflectivity; in clean conditions, overestimates are of order 10Wm(-2)mu m(-1) (similar to 20% of the CRE), but in polluted conditions, where the droplets are smaller, this increases to 10-26Wm(-2)mu m(-1) (similar to 40-100% of the CRE). Drizzle drops are also problematic; if treated as cloud droplets, reconstructions are poor, leading to large underestimates of 20-46Wm(-2)mu m(-1) in domain average surface irradiance (similar to 40-80% of the CRE). Nevertheless, a synergistic retrieval approach combining the detailed cloud structure obtained from scanning radar with the droplet-size information and location of cloud base gained from other instruments would potentially make accurate solar radiative transfer calculations in broken cloud possible for the first time.
C1 [Fielding, Mark D.; Chiu, J. Christine; Hogan, Robin J.] Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Reading RG6 6BB, Berks, England.
[Feingold, Graham] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Fielding, MD (reprint author), Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, POB 243, Reading RG6 6BB, Berks, England.
EM m.d.fielding@pgr.reading.ac.uk
RI Feingold, Graham/B-6152-2009; Chiu, Christine/E-5649-2013; Hogan,
Robin/M-6549-2016; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Chiu, Christine/0000-0002-8951-6913; Hogan, Robin/0000-0002-3180-5157;
FU Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-SC0007233];
DOE's Office of Science (BER); NOAA's Climate Goal
FX This research was supported by the Office of Science (BER), U.S.
Department of Energy (DOE) under grant DE-SC0007233. The authors would
like to thank Tamas Varnai for his help verifying SHDOM against the I3RC
Monte Carlo model, Hongli Jiang for her efforts in producing the LES
cloud fields, and Allison McComiskey for her help extracting the LES
data. GF acknowledges DOE's Office of Science (BER) and NOAA's Climate
Goal for support.
NR 44
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD AUG 27
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 16
BP 9153
EP 9167
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50614
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 225AE
UT WOS:000324933900028
ER
PT J
AU Yao, ZG
Li, J
Weisz, E
Heidinger, A
Liu, CY
AF Yao, Zhigang
Li, Jun
Weisz, Elisabeth
Heidinger, Andrew
Liu, Chian-Yi
TI Evaluation of single field-of-view cloud top height retrievals from
hyperspectral infrared sounder radiances with CloudSat and CALIPSO
measurements
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE cloud-top height; AIRS; MODIS; CloudSat; CALIPSO
ID VARIATIONAL RETRIEVAL; CIRRUS CLOUDS; MODIS; AIRS; PARAMETERS;
ALGORITHM; PRODUCTS
AB Accurate cloud top height retrievals from hyperspectral infrared (IR) sounder radiances are needed for weather and climate prediction. To account for the nonlinearity of the cloud parameters with respect to the IR radiances, a one-dimensional variational retrieval algorithm is used to derive the cloud top heights (CTHs) from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) radiances on a single field-of-view basis. The CTHs are evaluated by comparison with the measurements from radar and lidar instruments onboard the Earth Observing System (EOS) CloudSat and Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) satellites. Using the retrievals from a global 3 day dataset, it is found that the variational algorithm compared with the regression algorithm could reduce the variability of the difference between the AIRS and active measurements by 1km. And the biases of AIRS CTHs range from +1.5 to -1.4km and from +1.6 to -3.8km, depending on the Cloud Profiling Radar (CPR) and CALIPSO CTHs between 3 and 18km, respectively. Globally, the AIRS CTH is overestimated (underestimated) when the CTH from active measurements is below (above) 5km. The bias decreases from -1.9 to -0.8km, and the variability decreases from 2.8 to about 1.6km with the increase of the CALIPSO cloud optical thickness from 0.1 to 2.5. It also reveals that the AIRS CTHs agree better with the CPR than the CALIPSO.
C1 [Yao, Zhigang; Li, Jun; Weisz, Elisabeth] Univ Wisconsin, Cooperat Inst Meteorol Satellite Studies, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Heidinger, Andrew] NESDIS NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Madison, WI USA.
[Liu, Chian-Yi] Cent Univ, Taipei, Taiwan.
RP Yao, ZG (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Cooperat Inst Meteorol Satellite Studies, 1225 West Dayton St, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM zyao.cimss@gmail.com
RI Weisz, Elisabeth/B-9837-2014; Heidinger, Andrew/F-5591-2010; Liu,
Chian-Yi/B-1898-2015; Li, Jun/H-3579-2015
OI Heidinger, Andrew/0000-0001-7631-109X; Liu,
Chian-Yi/0000-0003-1725-4405; Li, Jun/0000-0001-5504-9627
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) GOES-R algorithm
working group (AWG); JPSS Risk Reduction program [NA10NES4400013]
FX This work is partly supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA) GOES-R algorithm working group (AWG) and JPSS Risk
Reduction program NA10NES4400013. The authors would like to specifically
thank the AIRS, MODIS, CloudSat, and CALIPSO science teams for providing
satellite data and ECMWF for sharing the model output data.
NR 35
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 16
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD AUG 27
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 16
BP 9182
EP 9190
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50681
PG 9
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 225AE
UT WOS:000324933900030
ER
PT J
AU Thorsen, TJ
Fu, Q
Comstock, JM
Sivaraman, C
Vaughan, MA
Winker, DM
Turner, DD
AF Thorsen, Tyler J.
Fu, Qiang
Comstock, Jennifer M.
Sivaraman, Chitra
Vaughan, Mark A.
Winker, David M.
Turner, David D.
TI Macrophysical properties of tropical cirrus clouds from the CALIPSO
satellite and from ground-based micropulse and Raman lidars
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE CALIPSO; MPL; Raman; cirrus; tropics; diurnal
ID RADIATION MEASUREMENT PROGRAM; WATER-VAPOR; LOWER STRATOSPHERE; UPPER
TROPOSPHERE; MASS FLUXES; TROPOPAUSE; ALGORITHM; PROFILES; BALANCE;
PERFORMANCE
AB Lidar observations of cirrus cloud macrophysical properties over the U.S. Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program Darwin, Australia, site are compared from the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) satellite, the ground-based ARM micropulse lidar (MPL), and the ARM Raman lidar (RL). Comparisons are made using the subset of profiles where the lidar beam is not fully attenuated. Daytime measurements using the RL are shown to be relatively unaffected by the solar background and are therefore suited for checking the validity of diurnal cycles. RL and CALIPSO cloud fraction profiles show good agreement while the MPL detects significantly less cirrus, particularly during the daytime. Both MPL and CALIPSO observations show that cirrus clouds occur less frequently during the day than at night at all altitudes. In contrast, the RL diurnal cycle is significantly different from zero only below about 11km; where it is of opposite sign (i.e., more clouds during the daytime). For cirrus geometrical thickness, the MPL and CALIPSO observations agree well and both data sets have significantly thinner clouds during the daytime than the RL. From the examination of hourly MPL and RL cirrus cloud thickness and through the application of daytime detection limits to all CALIPSO data, we find that the decreased MPL and CALIPSO cloud thickness during the daytime is very likely a result of increased daytime noise. This study highlights the significant improvement the RL provides (compared to the MPL) in the ARM program's ability to observe tropical cirrus clouds and will help improve our understanding of these clouds. The RL also provides a valuable ground-based lidar data set for the evaluation of CALIPSO observations.
C1 [Thorsen, Tyler J.; Fu, Qiang] Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Comstock, Jennifer M.; Sivaraman, Chitra] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Vaughan, Mark A.; Winker, David M.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA.
[Turner, David D.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
RP Thorsen, TJ (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, ATG 408,Box 351640, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM tylert@atmos.washington.edu
FU Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-09ER64769];
NASA [NNX13AN49G]; DOE ASR program; DOE ARM program
FX The micropulse and Raman lidar data sets were obtained from the ARM data
archive: www.archive.arm.gov. The CALIPSO data sets were obtained from
the NASA Langley Research Center Atmospheric Science Data Center. This
research was supported by the Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department
of Energy, grant DE-FG02-09ER64769 and by NASA grant NNX13AN49G. J.M.
Comstock was supported by both DOE ASR and ARM programs.
NR 49
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 17
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD AUG 27
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 16
BP 9209
EP 9220
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50691
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 225AE
UT WOS:000324933900032
ER
PT J
AU Hayes, PL
Ortega, AM
Cubison, MJ
Froyd, KD
Zhao, Y
Cliff, SS
Hu, WW
Toohey, DW
Flynn, JH
Lefer, BL
Grossberg, N
Alvarez, S
Rappenglueck, B
Taylor, JW
Allan, JD
Holloway, JS
Gilman, JB
Kuster, WC
De Gouw, JA
Massoli, P
Zhang, X
Liu, J
Weber, RJ
Corrigan, AL
Russell, LM
Isaacman, G
Worton, DR
Kreisberg, NM
Goldstein, AH
Thalman, R
Waxman, EM
Volkamer, R
Lin, YH
Surratt, JD
Kleindienst, TE
Offenberg, JH
Dusanter, S
Griffith, S
Stevens, PS
Brioude, J
Angevine, WM
Jimenez, JL
AF Hayes, P. L.
Ortega, A. M.
Cubison, M. J.
Froyd, K. D.
Zhao, Y.
Cliff, S. S.
Hu, W. W.
Toohey, D. W.
Flynn, J. H.
Lefer, B. L.
Grossberg, N.
Alvarez, S.
Rappenglueck, B.
Taylor, J. W.
Allan, J. D.
Holloway, J. S.
Gilman, J. B.
Kuster, W. C.
De Gouw, J. A.
Massoli, P.
Zhang, X.
Liu, J.
Weber, R. J.
Corrigan, A. L.
Russell, L. M.
Isaacman, G.
Worton, D. R.
Kreisberg, N. M.
Goldstein, A. H.
Thalman, R.
Waxman, E. M.
Volkamer, R.
Lin, Y. H.
Surratt, J. D.
Kleindienst, T. E.
Offenberg, J. H.
Dusanter, S.
Griffith, S.
Stevens, P. S.
Brioude, J.
Angevine, W. M.
Jimenez, J. L.
TI Organic aerosol composition and sources in Pasadena, California, during
the 2010 CalNex campaign
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Review
DE organic aerosol; Los Angeles; CalNex; positive matrix factorization;
particulates; Pasadena
ID LOS-ANGELES BASIN; COAST AIR BASIN; POSITIVE MATRIX FACTORIZATION;
FINE-PARTICLE COMPOSITION; CITY METROPOLITAN-AREA; POWERED
MOTOR-VEHICLES; VOLATILITY BASIS-SET; URBAN SUPERSITE T0; NON-FOSSIL
CARBON; NEW-YORK-CITY
AB Organic aerosols (OA) in Pasadena are characterized using multiple measurements from the California Research at the Nexus of Air Quality and Climate Change (CalNex) campaign. Five OA components are identified using positive matrix factorization including hydrocarbon-like OA (HOA) and two types of oxygenated OA (OOA). The Pasadena OA elemental composition when plotted as H:C versus O:C follows a line less steep than that observed for Riverside, CA. The OOA components from both locations follow a common line, however, indicating similar secondary organic aerosol (SOA) oxidation chemistry at the two sites such as fragmentation reactions leading to acid formation. In addition to the similar evolution of elemental composition, the dependence of SOA concentration on photochemical age displays quantitatively the same trends across several North American urban sites. First, the OA/CO values for Pasadena increase with photochemical age exhibiting a slope identical to or slightly higher than those for Mexico City and the northeastern United States. Second, the ratios of OOA to odd-oxygen (a photochemical oxidation marker) for Pasadena, Mexico City, and Riverside are similar, suggesting a proportional relationship between SOA and odd-oxygen formation rates. Weekly cycles of the OA components are examined as well. HOA exhibits lower concentrations on Sundays versus weekdays, and the decrease in HOA matches that predicted for primary vehicle emissions using fuel sales data, traffic counts, and vehicle emission ratios. OOA does not display a weekly cycleafter accounting for differences in photochemical aging which suggests the dominance of gasoline emissions in SOA formation under the assumption that most urban SOA precursors are from motor vehicles.
C1 [Hayes, P. L.; Ortega, A. M.; Cubison, M. J.; Froyd, K. D.; Hu, W. W.; Holloway, J. S.; Gilman, J. B.; De Gouw, J. A.; Thalman, R.; Waxman, E. M.; Volkamer, R.; Brioude, J.; Angevine, W. M.; Jimenez, J. L.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Hayes, P. L.; Cubison, M. J.; Thalman, R.; Waxman, E. M.; Volkamer, R.; Jimenez, J. L.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Ortega, A. M.; Toohey, D. W.] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Froyd, K. D.; Holloway, J. S.; Gilman, J. B.; Kuster, W. C.; De Gouw, J. A.; Brioude, J.; Angevine, W. M.] NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
[Zhao, Y.; Cliff, S. S.] Univ Calif Davis, Air Qual Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Hu, W. W.] Peking Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Flynn, J. H.; Lefer, B. L.; Grossberg, N.; Alvarez, S.; Rappenglueck, B.] Univ Houston, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Houston, TX USA.
[Taylor, J. W.; Allan, J. D.] Univ Manchester, Sch Earth Atmospher & Environm Sci, Manchester, Lancs, England.
[Allan, J. D.] Univ Manchester, Natl Ctr Atmospher Sci, Manchester, Lancs, England.
[Massoli, P.] Aerodyne Res Inc, Billerica, MA USA.
[Zhang, X.; Liu, J.; Weber, R. J.] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Corrigan, A. L.; Russell, L. M.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Isaacman, G.; Worton, D. R.; Goldstein, A. H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Worton, D. R.; Kreisberg, N. M.] Aerosol Dynam Inc, Berkeley, CA USA.
[Lin, Y. H.; Surratt, J. D.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
[Kleindienst, T. E.; Offenberg, J. H.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Dusanter, S.; Griffith, S.; Stevens, P. S.] Indiana Univ, Sch Publ & Environm Affairs, Ctr Res Environm Sci, Bloomington, IN USA.
[Dusanter, S.; Griffith, S.; Stevens, P. S.] Indiana Univ, Dept Chem, Bloomington, IN USA.
[Dusanter, S.] Univ Lille Nord France, Lille, France.
[Dusanter, S.] EMDouai, Douai, France.
RP Jimenez, JL (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM jose.jimenez@colorado.edu
RI Surratt, Jason/D-3611-2009; Holloway, John/F-9911-2012;
Isaacman-VanWertz, Gabriel/I-5590-2014; de Gouw, Joost/A-9675-2008;
Toohey, Darin/A-4267-2008; Volkamer, Rainer/B-8925-2016; Lin,
Ying-Hsuan/J-4023-2014; Gilman, Jessica/E-7751-2010; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015; Jimenez, Jose/A-5294-2008; Ortega,
Amber/B-5548-2014; Liu, Jiumeng/K-2024-2012; Hu, Weiwei/C-7892-2014;
Angevine, Wayne/H-9849-2013; Goldstein, Allen/A-6857-2011; Zhang,
Xiaolu/F-9190-2011; Kuster, William/E-7421-2010; Allan,
James/B-1160-2010; Brioude, Jerome/E-4629-2011; Froyd, Karl/H-6607-2013;
Worton, David/A-8374-2012; Offenberg, John/C-3787-2009
OI Taylor, Jonathan/0000-0002-2120-186X; Surratt,
Jason/0000-0002-6833-1450; Holloway, John/0000-0002-4585-9594;
Isaacman-VanWertz, Gabriel/0000-0002-3717-4798; de Gouw,
Joost/0000-0002-0385-1826; Toohey, Darin/0000-0003-2853-1068; Volkamer,
Rainer/0000-0002-0899-1369; Lin, Ying-Hsuan/0000-0001-8904-1287; Gilman,
Jessica/0000-0002-7899-9948; Jimenez, Jose/0000-0001-6203-1847; Ortega,
Amber/0000-0002-4381-7892; Liu, Jiumeng/0000-0001-7238-593X; Angevine,
Wayne/0000-0002-8021-7116; Goldstein, Allen/0000-0003-4014-4896; Kuster,
William/0000-0002-8788-8588; Allan, James/0000-0001-6492-4876; Worton,
David/0000-0002-6558-5586; Offenberg, John/0000-0002-0213-4024
FU CARB [08-319, 11-305, 09-350]; DOE (BER, ASR Program) [DE-SC0006035,
DE-SC0006711, DE-FG02-11ER65293]; CIRES Visiting Fellows Program; US DOE
SCGF Program (ORAU, ORISE) [DE-AC05-06OR23100]; Natural Environment
Research Council [NE/H008136/1]; National Science Foundation
[ATM-0931492, ATM-0802237, AGS-1009408]
FX The authors thank Jochen Stutz and John Seinfeld for their leadership in
organizing the Pasadena ground site, and CARB and NOAA for support of
the site setup. We also wish to thank Ingrid Ulbrich for helpful
discussions regarding the PMF analysis and Cora Young for providing
radical budgets for the CalNex ground site. The Jimenez Group
acknowledges support from CARB 08-319 and CARB 11-305 as well as DOE
(BER, ASR Program) DE-SC0006035, DE-SC0006711, and DE-FG02-11ER65293.
PLH and AMO acknowledge fellowships from the CIRES Visiting Fellows
Program and US DOE SCGF Program (ORAU, ORISE, DE-AC05-06OR23100),
respectively. JT and JDA acknowledge funding from the Natural
Environment Research Council [Ref: NE/H008136/1]. RJW and XZ were funded
through National Science Foundation grants ATM-0931492 and ATM-0802237.
ALC acknowledges fellowship support from US DOE SCGF Program (ORAU,
ORISE, DE-AC05-06OR23100) and other expenses from NSF grant AGS-1009408.
YZ and SSC acknowledge support from CARB 09-350. The U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) through its Office of Research and Development
collaborated in the research described here; the manuscript has been
subjected to peer review and has been cleared for publication; mention
of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or
recommendation for use by the EPA.
NR 135
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U1 19
U2 129
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD AUG 27
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 16
BP 9233
EP 9257
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50530
PG 25
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 225AE
UT WOS:000324933900034
ER
PT J
AU Hsu, NC
Jeong, MJ
Bettenhausen, C
Sayer, AM
Hansell, R
Seftor, CS
Huang, J
Tsay, SC
AF Hsu, N. C.
Jeong, M. -J.
Bettenhausen, C.
Sayer, A. M.
Hansell, R.
Seftor, C. S.
Huang, J.
Tsay, S. -C.
TI Enhanced Deep Blue aerosol retrieval algorithm: The second generation
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE aerosol; satellite; retrieval
ID RESOLUTION IMAGING SPECTRORADIOMETER; LAND SURFACES; OPTICAL DEPTH;
MODIS; POLARIZATION; CAPABILITIES; REFLECTANCE; POLLUTION; CLOUDS; DUST
AB The aerosol products retrieved using the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) collection 5.1 Deep Blue algorithm have provided useful information about aerosol properties over bright-reflecting land surfaces, such as desert, semiarid, and urban regions. However, many components of the C5.1 retrieval algorithm needed to be improved; for example, the use of a static surface database to estimate surface reflectances. This is particularly important over regions of mixed vegetated and nonvegetated surfaces, which may undergo strong seasonal changes in land cover. In order to address this issue, we develop a hybrid approach, which takes advantage of the combination of precalculated surface reflectance database and normalized difference vegetation index in determining the surface reflectance for aerosol retrievals. As a result, the spatial coverage of aerosol data generated by the enhanced Deep Blue algorithm has been extended from the arid and semiarid regions to the entire land areas. In this paper, the changes made in the enhanced Deep Blue algorithm regarding the surface reflectance estimation, aerosol model selection, and cloud screening schemes for producing the MODIS collection 6 aerosol products are discussed. A similar approach has also been applied to the algorithm that generates the Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) Deep Blue products. Based upon our preliminary results of comparing the enhanced Deep Blue aerosol products with the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) measurements, the expected error of the Deep Blue aerosol optical thickness (AOT) is estimated to be better than 0.05+20%. Using 10 AERONET sites with long-term time series, 79% of the best quality Deep Blue AOT values are found to fall within this expected error.
C1 [Hsu, N. C.; Bettenhausen, C.; Sayer, A. M.; Hansell, R.; Seftor, C. S.; Tsay, S. -C.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Jeong, M. -J.] Gangneung Wonju Natl Univ, Gangneung City, South Korea.
[Bettenhausen, C.; Seftor, C. S.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD USA.
[Sayer, A. M.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Goddard Earth Sci Technol & Res, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Hansell, R.; Huang, J.] UMD, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD USA.
[Huang, J.] NOAA, NESDIS, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD USA.
RP Hsu, NC (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM Christina.Hsu@nasa.gov
RI Sayer, Andrew/H-2314-2012; Huang, Jingfeng/D-7336-2012; Tsay,
Si-Chee/J-1147-2014; Hansell, Richard/J-2065-2014
OI Sayer, Andrew/0000-0001-9149-1789; Huang, Jingfeng/0000-0002-8779-2922;
FU NASA EOS program
FX This work was supported by the NASA EOS program, managed by Hal Maring.
The authors gratefully acknowledge the MODIS Characterization Support
Team for their extensive efforts in maintaining the high radiometric
quality of MODIS level 1 data. Appreciations also extend to Jeremy
Warner and Rebecca Limbacher for their supports on the construction of
the Deep Blue surface database. We would also like to express our
gratitude to several AERONET PIs in establishing and maintaining the
long-term stations used in this investigation.
NR 37
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U1 7
U2 40
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD AUG 27
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 16
BP 9296
EP 9315
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50712
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 225AE
UT WOS:000324933900037
ER
PT J
AU Wagner, NL
Riedel, TP
Young, CJ
Bahreini, R
Brock, CA
Dube, WP
Kim, S
Middlebrook, AM
Ozturk, F
Roberts, JM
Russo, R
Sive, B
Swarthout, R
Thornton, JA
VandenBoer, TC
Zhou, Y
Brown, SS
AF Wagner, N. L.
Riedel, T. P.
Young, C. J.
Bahreini, R.
Brock, C. A.
Dube, W. P.
Kim, S.
Middlebrook, A. M.
Ozturk, F.
Roberts, J. M.
Russo, R.
Sive, B.
Swarthout, R.
Thornton, J. A.
VandenBoer, T. C.
Zhou, Y.
Brown, S. S.
TI N2O5 uptake coefficients and nocturnal NO2 removal rates determined from
ambient wintertime measurements
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE N2O5; nitrate radical; NOx removal; nocturnal chemistry; uptake
coefficient; NACHTT
ID MARINE BOUNDARY-LAYER; IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; RING-DOWN
SPECTROSCOPY; DENVER BROWN CLOUD; REACTIVE UPTAKE; HETEROGENEOUS
HYDROLYSIS; AMMONIUM-SULFATE; TROPOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY;
TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; REACTION PROBABILITIES
AB Heterogeneous N2O5 uptake onto aerosol is the primary nocturnal path for removal of NOx (= NO+NO2) from the atmosphere and can also result in halogen activation through production of ClNO2. The N2O5 uptake coefficient has been the subject of numerous laboratory studies; however, only a few studies have determined the uptake coefficient from ambient measurements, and none has been focused on winter conditions, when the portion of NOx removed by N2O5 uptake is the largest. In this work, N2O5 uptake coefficients are determined from ambient wintertime measurements of N2O5 and related species at the Boulder Atmospheric Observatory in Weld County, CO, a location that is highly impacted by urban pollution from Denver, as well as emissions from agricultural activities and oil and gas extraction. A box model is used to analyze the nocturnal nitrate radical chemistry and predict the N2O5 concentration. The uptake coefficient in the model is iterated until the predicted N2O5 concentration matches the measured concentration. The results suggest that during winter, the most important influence that might suppress N2O5 uptake is aerosol nitrate but that this effect does not suppress uptake coefficients enough to limit the rate of NOx loss through N2O5 hydrolysis. N2O5 hydrolysis was found to dominate the nocturnal chemistry during this study consuming similar to 80% of nocturnal gas phase nitrate radical production. Typically, less than 15% of the total nitrate radical production remained in the form of nocturnal species at sunrise when they are photolyzed and reform NO2.
C1 [Wagner, N. L.; Brock, C. A.; Dube, W. P.; Middlebrook, A. M.; Roberts, J. M.; Brown, S. S.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Wagner, N. L.; Dube, W. P.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Riedel, T. P.; Thornton, J. A.] Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Riedel, T. P.] Univ Washington, Dept Chem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Young, C. J.; VandenBoer, T. C.] Mem Univ Newfoundland, Dept Chem, St John, NF A1B 3X7, Canada.
[Bahreini, R.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
[Kim, S.] Univ Calif Irvine, Sch Phys Sci, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA USA.
[Ozturk, F.] Abant Izzet Baysal Univ, Dept Environm Engn, Bolu, Turkey.
[Russo, R.; Sive, B.] Appalachian State Univ, Dept Chem, Boone, NC 28608 USA.
[Swarthout, R.; Zhou, Y.] Univ New Hampshire, Earth Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
RP Wagner, NL (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM nick.wagner@noaa.gov
RI Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015; Wagner, Nicholas/E-7437-2010;
Brown, Steven/I-1762-2013; Kim, Saewung/E-4089-2012; Roberts,
James/A-1082-2009; Young, Cora/A-4551-2010; Middlebrook,
Ann/E-4831-2011; Brock, Charles/G-3406-2011; VandenBoer,
Trevor/F-1032-2011; Thornton, Joel/C-1142-2009
OI Roberts, James/0000-0002-8485-8172; Young, Cora/0000-0002-6908-5829;
Middlebrook, Ann/0000-0002-2984-6304; Brock,
Charles/0000-0002-4033-4668; VandenBoer, Trevor/0000-0001-8926-4237;
Thornton, Joel/0000-0002-5098-4867
FU NOAA's Health of the Atmosphere Program; Atmospheric Chemistry, Carbon
Cycles, and Climate Program
FX We would like to thank everyone who helped make NACHTT possible and
specifically Gerd Hubler, Dan Wolfe, Bruce Bertram, and Eric Williams
for organizing site logistics and the elevator operation. This work is
supported by the NOAA's Health of the Atmosphere Program and Atmospheric
Chemistry, Carbon Cycles, and Climate Program.
NR 69
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U1 8
U2 72
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD AUG 27
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 16
BP 9331
EP 9350
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50653
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 225AE
UT WOS:000324933900040
ER
PT J
AU Roh, JH
Tyagi, M
Hogan, TE
Roland, CM
AF Roh, J. H.
Tyagi, M.
Hogan, T. E.
Roland, C. M.
TI Space-Dependent Dynamics in 1,4-Polybutadiene Nanocomposite
SO MACROMOLECULES
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID NEUTRON-SCATTERING; GLASS-TRANSITION; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; POLYMERS;
POLYBUTADIENE; RELAXATION; LIQUIDS; ALPHA
C1 [Roh, J. H.; Roland, C. M.] USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Tyagi, M.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Hogan, T. E.] Bridgestone Amer, Ctr Res & Technol, Akron, OH 44317 USA.
[Tyagi, M.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Roland, CM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6120, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM mike.roland@nrl.navy.mil
RI Tyagi, Madhu Sudan/M-4693-2014
OI Tyagi, Madhu Sudan/0000-0002-4364-7176
NR 26
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 24
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0024-9297
J9 MACROMOLECULES
JI Macromolecules
PD AUG 27
PY 2013
VL 46
IS 16
BP 6667
EP 6669
DI 10.1021/ma401597r
PG 3
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 210EC
UT WOS:000323811100032
ER
PT J
AU Glinka, YD
Sun, Z
Erementchouk, M
Leuenberger, MN
Bristow, AD
Cundiff, ST
Bracker, AS
Li, XQ
AF Glinka, Yuri D.
Sun, Zheng
Erementchouk, Mikhail
Leuenberger, Michael N.
Bristow, Alan D.
Cundiff, Steven T.
Bracker, Allan S.
Li, Xiaoqin
TI Coherent coupling between exciton resonances governed by the disorder
potential
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID NONLINEAR-OPTICAL RESPONSE; QUANTUM-WELLS; 4-WAVE-MIXING SPECTROSCOPY;
ENERGY-TRANSFER; GAAS; EXCITATION; SEMICONDUCTORS; LOCALIZATION;
INTERFACES; MECHANICS
AB Monolayer fluctuations in the thickness of a semiconductor quantum well (QW) lead to the formation of spectrally resolved excitons located in the narrower, average, and thicker regions of the QW. Whether or not these excitons are coherently coupled via Coulomb interaction is a long-standing debate. We demonstrate that different types of disorder potential govern coherent coupling among excitons, and the coupling strength can be quantitatively measured using optical two-dimensional Fourier transform spectroscopy. Strong coherent coupling occurs between certain types of excitons but is missing between other types of excitons because the distinctive nature of excitons results in different spatial overlap. Our finding may be applicable to other disordered systems, such as photosynthesis and conjugated polymers, where exciton coupling plays a critical role in determining charge and energy transfer.
C1 [Glinka, Yuri D.; Sun, Zheng; Li, Xiaoqin] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Glinka, Yuri D.] Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Phys, UA-03028 Kiev, Ukraine.
[Erementchouk, Mikhail; Leuenberger, Michael N.] Univ Cent Florida, NanoSci Technol Ctr, Orlando, FL 32826 USA.
[Erementchouk, Mikhail; Leuenberger, Michael N.] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Phys, Orlando, FL 32826 USA.
[Bristow, Alan D.; Cundiff, Steven T.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Bristow, Alan D.; Cundiff, Steven T.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Bristow, Alan D.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
[Bracker, Allan S.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Li, XQ (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
EM elaineli@physics.utexas.edu
RI Sun, Zheng/J-6269-2013; Leuenberger, Michael/L-4501-2013; Cundiff,
Steven/B-4974-2009;
OI Cundiff, Steven/0000-0002-7119-5197; Erementchouk,
Mikhail/0000-0002-4603-1836
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [DMR-0747822]; Welch Foundation
[F-1662, ARO-W911NF-08-1-0348]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; NSF
[ECCS-0901784, ECCS-1128597]; AFOSR [FA9550-09-1-0450]
FX Authors at the University of Texas, Austin, gratefully acknowledge
financial support from the following sources: National Science
Foundation (NSF) DMR-0747822, Welch Foundation F-1662,
ARO-W911NF-08-1-0348, and the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. M.N.L.
acknowledges support from NSF (Grant No. ECCS-0901784), AFOSR (Grant No.
FA9550-09-1-0450), and NSF (Grant No. ECCS-1128597).
NR 49
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 29
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 27
PY 2013
VL 88
IS 7
AR 075316
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.88.075316
PG 7
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 207NQ
UT WOS:000323608700002
ER
PT J
AU White, JS
Niedermayer, C
Gasparovic, G
Broholm, C
Park, JMS
Shapiro, AY
Demianets, LA
Kenzelmann, M
AF White, J. S.
Niedermayer, Ch.
Gasparovic, G.
Broholm, C.
Park, J. M. S.
Shapiro, A. Ya.
Demianets, L. A.
Kenzelmann, M.
TI Multiferroicity in the generic easy-plane triangular lattice
antiferromagnet RbFe(MoO4)(2)
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID MAGNETIC-FIELD; PHASE-DIAGRAM; XY MODEL; ORDER
AB RbFe(MoO4)(2) is a quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D) triangular lattice antiferromagnet (TLA) that displays a zero-field magnetically driven multiferroic phase with a chiral spin structure. By inelastic neutron scattering, we determine quantitatively the spin Hamiltonian. We show that the easy-plane anisotropy is nearly 1/3 of the dominant spin exchange, making RbFe(MoO4)(2) an excellent system for studying the physics of the model 2D easy-plane TLA. Our measurements demonstrate magnetic-field-induced fluctuations in this material to stabilize the generic finite-field phases of the 2D XY TLA. We further explain how Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions can generate ferroelectricity only in the zero-field phase. Our conclusion is that multiferroicity in RbFe(MoO4)(2), and its absence at high fields, results from the generic properties of the 2D XY TLA.
C1 [White, J. S.; Niedermayer, Ch.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Lab Neutron Scattering, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
[White, J. S.] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Lab Quantum Magnetism, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
[Gasparovic, G.; Broholm, C.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Inst Quantum Matter, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Gasparovic, G.; Broholm, C.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Gasparovic, G.; Broholm, C.] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Park, J. M. S.] Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, Div Neutron Sci, Taejon 305353, South Korea.
[Shapiro, A. Ya.; Demianets, L. A.] AV Shubnikov Inst Crystallog RAS, Moscow 117333, Russia.
[Kenzelmann, M.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Lab Dev & Methods, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
RP White, JS (reprint author), Paul Scherrer Inst, Lab Neutron Scattering, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
RI Broholm, Collin/E-8228-2011; Niedermayer, Christof/K-4436-2014; White,
Jonathan/G-2742-2010; Kenzelmann, Michel/A-8438-2008
OI Broholm, Collin/0000-0002-1569-9892; White,
Jonathan/0000-0001-7738-0150; Kenzelmann, Michel/0000-0001-7913-4826
FU Swiss NCCR program MaNEP; US Department of Energy, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering
[DE-FG02-08ER46544]
FX Experiments were performed at the Swiss spallation neutron source SINQ,
Paul Scherrer Institut, Switzerland. Financial support from the Swiss
NCCR program MaNEP is gratefully acknowledged. Work at IQM was supported
by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, under award
DE-FG02-08ER46544.
NR 26
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 36
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 27
PY 2013
VL 88
IS 6
AR 060409
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.88.060409
PG 5
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 207NN
UT WOS:000323608400001
ER
PT J
AU Schwalbach, EJ
Warren, JA
Wu, KA
Voorhees, PW
AF Schwalbach, Edwin J.
Warren, James A.
Wu, Kuo-An
Voorhees, Peter W.
TI Phase-field crystal model with a vapor phase
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY REFLECTIVITY; LIQUID GALLIUM; SURFACE; SIMULATION; RELAXATION;
GROWTH; METAL; AL; INTERFACE; ENERGY
AB Phase-field crystal (PFC) models are able to resolve atomic length scale features of materials during temporal evolution over diffusive time scales. Traditional PFC models contain solid and liquid phases, however many important materials processing phenomena involve a vapor phase as well. In this work, we add a vapor phase to an existing PFC model and show realistic interfacial phenomena near the triple point temperature. For example, the PFC model exhibits density oscillations at liquid-vapor interfaces that compare favorably to data available for interfaces in metallic systems from both experiment and molecular-dynamics simulations. We also quantify the anisotropic solid-vapor surface energy for a two-dimensional PFC hexagonal crystal and find well-defined step energies from measurements on the faceted interfaces. Additionally, the strain field beneath a stepped interface is characterized and shown to qualitatively reproduce predictions from continuum models, simulations, and experimental data. Finally, we examine the dynamic case of step-flow growth of a crystal into a supersaturated vapor phase. The ability to model such a wide range of surface and bulk defects makes this PFC model a useful tool to study processing techniques such as chemical vapor deposition or vapor-liquid-solid growth of nanowires.
C1 [Schwalbach, Edwin J.; Warren, James A.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Wu, Kuo-An] Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Phys, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
[Voorhees, Peter W.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Voorhees, Peter W.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Engn Sci & Appl Math, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
RP Schwalbach, EJ (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM eddie.schwalbach@gmail.com; kuoan@phys.nthu.edu.tw
RI Voorhees, Peter /B-6700-2009
FU National Science Council of Taiwan [NSC100-2112-M-007-001-MY2]; NSF [DMR
1105409]
FX The authors acknowledge helpful conversations with K. Thornton and K. R.
Elder. Additionally, E. J. S. acknowledges helpful conversations with Z.
T. Trautt and Y. Mishin, as well as K. S. McReynolds. K.-A. W.
gratefully acknowledges the support of the National Science Council of
Taiwan (NSC100-2112-M-007-001-MY2). P. W. V. is grateful for the
financial support of NSF under Contract No. DMR 1105409.
NR 47
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 34
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1539-3755
J9 PHYS REV E
JI Phys. Rev. E
PD AUG 27
PY 2013
VL 88
IS 2
AR 023306
DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.88.023306
PG 14
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 207OE
UT WOS:000323610300009
PM 24032965
ER
PT J
AU Koren, I
Feingold, G
AF Koren, Ilan
Feingold, Graham
TI Adaptive behavior of marine cellular clouds
SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID PRECIPITATION; STRATOCUMULUS; CONVECTION; CELLS; DYNAMICS; DRIZZLE;
MODEL
AB Shallow marine clouds appear in two formations - open cells that are weakly reflective and closed cells that are more reflective and hence more effective at cooling the climate system. Lagrangian satellite data analysis reveals that open cells oscillate, forming and disappearing with a periodicity of similar to 3 hours. In contrast, closed cells maintain rigid structures for periods of more than 10 hours, suggesting that self-organisation breaks the link between the lifetime and the scale of a convective entity. These dynamical states are linked to two theoretical solutions of population dynamics.
C1 [Koren, Ilan] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Environm Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel.
[Feingold, Graham] NOAA, ESRL, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Koren, I (reprint author), Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Environm Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel.
EM ilan.koren@weizmann.ac.il
RI Koren, Ilan/K-1417-2012; Feingold, Graham/B-6152-2009; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Koren, Ilan/0000-0001-6759-6265;
FU European Research Council under the European Union (CAPRI) [306965]
FX The research leading to these results has received funding from the
European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework
Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC Grant (CAPRI, grant nu 306965). GF
acknowledges NOAA's climate goal and DOE's Biological and Environmental
Research Program.
NR 22
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 20
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2045-2322
J9 SCI REP-UK
JI Sci Rep
PD AUG 27
PY 2013
VL 3
AR 2507
DI 10.1038/srep02507
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 206QF
UT WOS:000323536500001
PM 23978979
ER
PT J
AU Abbott, PJ
Kubarych, ZJ
AF Abbott, Patrick J.
Kubarych, Zeina J.
TI The New Kilogram Definition and its Implications for High-Precision Mass
Tolerance Classes
SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND
TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE kilogram redefinition; mass dissemination; uncertainty; weight classes
for legal metrology
ID WATT BALANCE; REDEFINITION; CONSTANT
AB The SI unit of mass, the kilogram, is the only remaining artifact definition in the seven fundamental units of the SI system. It will be redefined in terms of the Planck constant as soon as certain experimental conditions, based on recommendations of the Consultative Committee for Mass and Related Quantities (CCM) are met. To better reflect reality, the redefinition will likely be accompanied by an increase in the uncertainties that National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) pass on to customers via artifact dissemination, which could have an impact on the reference standards that are used by secondary calibration laboratories if certain weight tolerances are adopted for use. This paper will compare the legal metrology requirements for precision mass calibration laboratories after the kilogram is redefined with the current capabilities based on the international prototype kilogram (IPK) realization of the kilogram.
C1 [Abbott, Patrick J.; Kubarych, Zeina J.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Abbott, PJ (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM patrick.abbott@nist.gov; zeina.kubarych@nist.gov
NR 16
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 8
PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
PI WASHINGTON
PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA
SN 1044-677X
J9 J RES NATL INST STAN
JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol.
PD AUG 26
PY 2013
VL 118
BP 353
EP 358
DI 10.6028/jres.118.016
PG 6
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 224HW
UT WOS:000324875200001
PM 26401436
ER
PT J
AU Neill, JL
Harris, BJ
Steber, AL
Douglass, KO
Plusquellic, DF
Pate, BH
AF Neill, Justin L.
Harris, Brent J.
Steber, Amanda L.
Douglass, Kevin O.
Plusquellic, David F.
Pate, Brooks H.
TI Segmented chirped-pulse Fourier transform submillimeter spectroscopy for
broadband gas analysis
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID THZ; SPECTROMETER; MILLIMETER; REGION
AB Chirped-pulse Fourier transform spectroscopy has recently been extended to millimeter wave spectroscopy as a technique for the characterization of room-temperature gas samples. Here we present a variation of this technique that significantly reduces the technical requirements on high-speed digital electronics and the data throughput, with no reduction in the broadband spectral coverage and no increase in the time required to reach a given sensitivity level. This method takes advantage of the frequency agility of arbitrary waveform generators by utilizing a series of low-bandwidth chirped excitation pulses paired in time with a series of offset single frequency local oscillators, which are used to detect the molecular free induction decay signals in a heterodyne receiver. A demonstration of this technique is presented in which a 67 GHz bandwidth spectrum of methanol (spanning from 792 to 859 GHz) is acquired in 58 mu s. (C) 2007 Optical Society of America
C1 [Neill, Justin L.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Harris, Brent J.; Steber, Amanda L.; Pate, Brooks H.] Univ Virginia, Dept Chem, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
[Douglass, Kevin O.; Plusquellic, David F.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Pate, BH (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Chem, Chem Bldg, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
EM brookspate@virginia.edu
OI Steber, Amanda/0000-0002-8203-2174
FU NSF Centers for Chemical Innovation program [CHE-0847919]; National
Science Foundation [DGE-0809128]; University of Virginia
FX This work was supported by the NSF Centers for Chemical Innovation
program through CHE-0847919 and by the National Science Foundation
Graduate Research Fellowship under grant No. DGE-0809128. Additional
support was provided by the University of Virginia.
NR 23
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 5
U2 47
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD AUG 26
PY 2013
VL 21
IS 17
BP 19743
EP 19749
DI 10.1364/OE.21.019743
PG 7
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 210KD
UT WOS:000323830500030
PM 24105522
ER
PT J
AU Williams, RA
Beeler, MC
LeBlanc, LJ
Jimenez-Garcia, K
Spielman, IB
AF Williams, R. A.
Beeler, M. C.
LeBlanc, L. J.
Jimenez-Garcia, K.
Spielman, I. B.
TI Raman-Induced Interactions in a Single-Component Fermi Gas Near an
s-Wave Feshbach Resonance
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID COLLISIONS; ATOMS
AB Ultracold gases of interacting spin-orbit-coupled fermions are predicted to display exotic phenomena such as topological superfluidity and its associated Majorana fermions. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a route to strongly interacting single-component atomic Fermi gases by combining an s-wave Feshbach resonance (giving strong interactions) and spin-orbit coupling (creating an effective p-wave channel). We identify the Feshbach resonance by its associated atomic loss feature and show that, in agreement with our single-channel scattering model, this feature is preserved and shifted as a function of the spin-orbit-coupling parameters.
C1 [Williams, R. A.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Williams, RA (reprint author), NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
OI Williams, Ross/0000-0001-9347-0922
FU ARO; DARPA OLE program; Atomtronics-MURI; NSF through the PFC at JQI
FX We benefited greatly from conversations with C.A.R. Sa de Melo, V.B.
Shenoy, and E. Tiesinga. This work was partially supported by the ARO
with funding from the DARPA OLE program and the Atomtronics-MURI, and by
the NSF through the PFC at JQI. L.J.L. thanks NSERC and M.C.B. thanks
the NIST-ARRA program.
NR 46
TC 69
Z9 69
U1 3
U2 28
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 26
PY 2013
VL 111
IS 9
AR 095301
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.095301
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 207BE
UT WOS:000323570800009
PM 24033043
ER
PT J
AU Claussen, JE
Cooney, PB
Defilippi, JM
Fox, SG
Glaser, SM
Hawkes, E
Hutt, C
Jones, MH
Kemp, IM
Lerner, A
Midway, SR
Nesbit, S
Osborne-Gowey, J
Roberts, R
Steward, C
AF Claussen, Julie E.
Cooney, Patrick B.
Defilippi, Julie M.
Fox, Sarah Gilbert
Glaser, Sarah Michele
Hawkes, Elden
Hutt, Clifford
Jones, Marissa H.
Kemp, Iris M.
Lerner, Aaron
Midway, Stephen R.
Nesbit, Shivonne
Osborne-Gowey, Jeremiah
Roberts, Ryan
Steward, Cleve
TI Science Communication in a Digital Age: Social Media and the American
Fisheries Society
SO FISHERIES
LA English
DT Editorial Material
AB Social media platforms are effective tools used to help communicate and increase involvement in cultural, political, and scientific circles. In 2012, an ad hoc committee was established to explore online fisheries science communication and how social media platforms can be utilized by the American Fisheries Society (AFS). A survey was disseminated to all AFS units (chapters, sections, divisions) and student subunits to better understand the current use of social media within the AFS. A relatively high response rate (82%) provided some confidence in the survey resultsnamely, that nearly 69% or more of units and subunits used social media. Facebook was the dominant platform used (59%; all others < 15%) and almost exclusively (97%) for the purpose of communication. Education, outreach, and member recruitment were other reasons for social media use. Finally, whether units currently use social media or not at all, it was recommended that AFS-led workshops and assistance would increase the usefulness of social media.
C1 [Claussen, Julie E.] Univ Illinois, Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Champaign, IL 61820 USA.
[Cooney, Patrick B.] Smith Root, Vancouver, WA USA.
[Defilippi, Julie M.] Atlantic Coastal Cooperat Stat Program, Arlington, VA USA.
[Fox, Sarah Gilbert; Lerner, Aaron] Amer Fisheries Soc, Bethesda, MD USA.
[Glaser, Sarah Michele] Coll William & Mary, Dept Biol, Williamsburg, VA 23185 USA.
[Hawkes, Elden] USDA NIFA Inst Bioenenergy Climate & Environm, Washington, DC USA.
[Hutt, Clifford] NOAA Fisheries, Highly Migratory Species Management Div, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Jones, Marissa H.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Kemp, Iris M.] Univ Washington, Washington Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Midway, Stephen R.] Penn State Univ, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Nesbit, Shivonne] Oregon Div Fish & Wildlife, Salem, OR USA.
[Osborne-Gowey, Jeremiah] Feather River Consulting, Corvallis, OR USA.
[Osborne-Gowey, Jeremiah] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Roberts, Ryan] Natl Fish Habitat Partnership, Washington, DC USA.
[Steward, Cleve] AMEC Earth & Environm Inc, Seattle, WA USA.
RP Claussen, JE (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Illinois Nat Hist Survey, 1816 S Oak St, Champaign, IL 61820 USA.
EM juliec@illinois.edu
OI Osborne-Gowey, Jeremiah/0000-0001-9239-7436
NR 10
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 30
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0363-2415
EI 1548-8446
J9 FISHERIES
JI Fisheries
PD AUG 26
PY 2013
VL 38
IS 8
BP 359
EP 362
DI 10.1080/03632415.2013.816289
PG 4
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 204MJ
UT WOS:000323369100010
ER
PT J
AU Ihde, T
Townsend, H
AF Ihde, Tom
Townsend, Howard
TI Interview with Jason Link: Champion for Ecosystem Science and Management
SO FISHERIES
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID FISHERIES MANAGEMENT; OIL-SPILL; PERSPECTIVE; THRESHOLDS
C1 [Ihde, Tom] NOAA, Versar Inc, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Chesapeake Bay Off, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA.
[Townsend, Howard] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Chesapeake Bay Off, Cooperat Oxford Lab, Oxford, MD 21654 USA.
RP Ihde, T (reprint author), NOAA, Versar Inc, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Chesapeake Bay Off, 410 Severn Ave,Suite 207-A, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA.
EM Tom.Ihde@noaa.gov; Howard.Townsend@noaa.gov
NR 21
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0363-2415
J9 FISHERIES
JI Fisheries
PD AUG 26
PY 2013
VL 38
IS 8
BP 363
EP 369
DI 10.1080/03632415.2013.813487
PG 7
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 204MJ
UT WOS:000323369100011
ER
PT J
AU Bigford, TE
AF Bigford, Thomas E.
TI The Ecosystem Perspective
SO FISHERIES
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Off Habitat Conservat, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Bigford, TE (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Off Habitat Conservat, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM Thomas.bigford@noaa.gov
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0363-2415
EI 1548-8446
J9 FISHERIES
JI Fisheries
PD AUG 26
PY 2013
VL 38
IS 8
DI 10.1080/03632415.2013.813485
PG 2
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 204MJ
UT WOS:000323369100003
ER
PT J
AU Quattro, JM
Driggers, WB
Grady, JM
Ulrich, GF
Roberts, MA
AF Quattro, Joseph M.
Driggers, William B., III
Grady, James M.
Ulrich, Glenn F.
Roberts, Mark A.
TI Sphyrna gilberti sp nov., a new hammerhead shark (Carcharhiniformes,
Sphyrnidae) from the western Atlantic Ocean
SO ZOOTAXA
LA English
DT Article
DE Carolina hammerhead; cartilaginous fishes; Chondrichthyes; cryptic
species; Elasmobranchii
ID IDENTIFICATION; FISHES
AB Sphyrna gilberti sp. nov. is described based on 54 specimens collected in the coastal waters of South Carolina, U.S.A. Morphologically, S. gilberti sp. nov. is separable from S. lewini (Griffith & Smith 1834) only in the number of precaudal vertebrae. Due to rarity of specimens and the highly migratory behavior of most sphyrnids, the range of S. gilberti sp. nov. is unknown.
C1 [Quattro, Joseph M.; Roberts, Mark A.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Biol Sci, Marine Sci Program, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Driggers, William B., III] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NOAA, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Mississippi Labs, Pascagoula, MS 39567 USA.
[Grady, James M.] Univ New Orleans, Dept Biol Sci, New Orleans, LA 70148 USA.
[Ulrich, Glenn F.] South Carolina Dept Nat Resources, Marine Resources Div, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
RP Quattro, JM (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Dept Biol Sci, Marine Sci Program, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
EM JosephQ@mailbox.sc.edu
OI Roberts, Mark/0000-0002-0931-9363
NR 30
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 25
PU MAGNOLIA PRESS
PI AUCKLAND
PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND
SN 1175-5326
J9 ZOOTAXA
JI Zootaxa
PD AUG 26
PY 2013
VL 3702
IS 2
BP 159
EP 178
PG 20
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 205DU
UT WOS:000323422700005
PM 26146715
ER
PT J
AU Anderson, JJ
Gurarie, E
Bracis, C
Burke, BJ
Laidre, KL
AF Anderson, James J.
Gurarie, Eliezer
Bracis, Chloe
Burke, Brian J.
Laidre, Kristin L.
TI Modeling climate change impacts on phenology and population dynamics of
migratory marine species
SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE Climate change; Migratory marine species; Modeling; Phenology; Adaption;
Phenotypic plasticity
ID TUNA THUNNUS-THYNNUS; ATLANTIC BLUEFIN TUNA; SALMON
ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; PACIFIC SALMON; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY;
ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGE; ENVELOPE MODELS; NORTH-AMERICA; COASTAL OCEAN;
ECOLOGICAL RESPONSES
AB We review literature concerning the impacts of climate change on the migration of marine species, with an emphasis on the adaptation of migration phenology through genetic tracking and phenotypic plasticity. We then develop an individual-based modeling framework characterizing the effects of climate change on phenology and population dynamics. In the framework, an animal's ability to match its environmental preferences, its bioclimate envelope, to the environmental conditions by adjusting its migration timing between foraging and breeding habitats determines its condition, survival, and fecundity. Climate-induced changes in the envelope produce timing mismatches that result in a population adapting its phenology through both genetic and plastic processes. Model results suggest: (1) the temporal size of the bioclimate envelope is an important determinant of a population's sensitivity to climate change and susceptibility to extinction, (2) population extinction can occur if the rate of change in the timing of the envelope exceeds the rate its phenology changes or if the variability in the envelope exceeds the population's inherent capacity for variability, (3) a population with migration timing cued by photoperiod is expected to exhibit weaker phenotypic plasticity than one cued by temperature, and (4) population extinction in response to climate change follows a threshold pattern such that population size may not be a reliable indicator of extinction threat, although variability in average individual condition across years may be an extinction threat indicator. Finally, while the model is intentionally simplistic, we discuss how it can be extended to cover more complex interactions. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Anderson, James J.; Gurarie, Eliezer; Laidre, Kristin L.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Bracis, Chloe] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Burke, Brian J.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Laidre, Kristin L.] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Polar Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
RP Anderson, JJ (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Box 358218, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM jjand@uw.edu; eliezg@uw.edu; cbracis@uw.edu; Brian.Burke@noaa.gov;
klaidre@apl.washington.edu
OI Gurarie, Eliezer/0000-0002-8666-9674
FU Bonneville Power Administration; Army Corps of Engineers; NOAA Fisheries
FX This work was supported by Bonneville Power Administration, the Army
Corps of Engineers, and NOAA Fisheries.
NR 130
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 20
U2 231
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3800
J9 ECOL MODEL
JI Ecol. Model.
PD AUG 24
PY 2013
VL 264
SI SI
BP 83
EP 97
DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2013.03.009
PG 15
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 198QZ
UT WOS:000322938700008
ER
PT J
AU Nye, JA
Gamble, RJ
Link, JS
AF Nye, Janet A.
Gamble, Robert J.
Link, Jason S.
TI The relative impact of warming and removing top predators on the
Northeast US large marine biotic community
SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE ATLANTIS; Ecosystem modeling; Ecosystem-based fisheries management
(EBFM); Top predators; Climate; Additive and non-additive interactions
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; ECOSYSTEM MODELS; GEORGES-BANK;
NORTHWEST ATLANTIC; REGIME SHIFTS; FOOD-WEB; FISHERIES MANAGEMENT;
TROPHIC STRUCTURE; FISH COMMUNITIES
AB Ecosystem-based fisheries management necessitates that we take a more holistic view of the many factors affecting ecosystems. All too often, perturbations to fisheries ecosystems are studied in isolation even though there may be important interactions among them that yield unexpected ecosystem states. The Northeast US continental shelf large marine ecosystem (NES LME) has undergone a number of changes in biophysical processes, trophic structure, and exploitation rates over the last fifty years. Changes in community assemblages, shifts in spatial distribution of many species, and the failure of fisheries to fully recover from overexploitation in the NES LME have been attributed to both the removal of large demersal fish predators and climate variability, as well as indirect effects cascading through the food web. As with many ecosystems, it is difficult to separate the effects of multiple perturbations that can affect marine ecosystems. However, recent advances in ecosystem modeling allow us to explore the relative and synergistic effects of these perturbations in silica that would otherwise be impossible in situ or experimentally. We examined the relative effects of warming and removal of large predators by modeling both of these effects separately and then in combination. Interactions amongst such changes tended to be additive, but the magnitude of synergistic effects was potentially very large in some cases. These results demonstrate the power of ecosystem models in evaluating management options. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Nye, Janet A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02881 USA.
[Nye, Janet A.; Gamble, Robert J.] SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Link, Jason S.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Nye, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, 27 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI 02881 USA.
EM Janet.Nye@stonybrook.edu
FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
FX We thank S. Lucey, J. Grear, D. Campbell and 3 anonymous reviewers for
their thoughtful comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. This
is contribution number AED-12-028 of the Atlantic Ecology Division,
National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of
Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Although
the research described in this article has been funded in part by the
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, it has not been subjected to
Agency review. Therefore, it does not necessarily reflect the views of
the Agency.
NR 105
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 6
U2 87
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3800
EI 1872-7026
J9 ECOL MODEL
JI Ecol. Model.
PD AUG 24
PY 2013
VL 264
SI SI
BP 157
EP 168
DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2012.08.019
PG 12
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 198QZ
UT WOS:000322938700013
ER
PT J
AU Li, SM
Manmana, SR
Rey, AM
Hipolito, R
Reinhard, A
Riou, JF
Zundel, LA
Weiss, DS
AF Li, Shuming
Manmana, Salvatore R.
Rey, Ana Maria
Hipolito, Rafael
Reinhard, Aaron
Riou, Jean-Felix
Zundel, Laura A.
Weiss, David S.
TI Self-trapping dynamics in a two-dimensional optical lattice
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID TONKS-GIRARDEAU GAS; QUANTUM DYNAMICS; ONE-DIMENSION; BOSONS
AB We describe theoretical models for the recent experimental observation of macroscopic quantum self-trapping (MQST) in the transverse dynamics of an ultracold bosonic gas in a two-dimensional lattice. The pure mean-field model based on the solution of coupled nonlinear equations fails to reproduce the experimental observations. It greatly overestimates the initial expansion rates at short times and predicts a slower expansion rate of the cloud at longer times. It also predicts the formation of a hole surrounded by a steep square fortlike barrier which was not observed in the experiment. An improved theoretical description based on a simplified truncated Wigner approximation (TWA), which adds phase and number fluctuations in the initial conditions, pushes the theoretical results closer to the experimental observations but fails to quantitatively reproduce them. An explanation of the delayed expansion as a consequence of a type of self-trapping mechanism, where quantum correlations suppress tunneling even when there are no density gradients, is discussed and supported by numerical time-dependent density matrix renormalization group (t-DMRG) calculations performed in a simplified two coupled tubes setup.
C1 [Li, Shuming; Manmana, Salvatore R.; Rey, Ana Maria] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Manmana, Salvatore R.] Univ Gottingen, Inst Theoret Phys, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany.
[Hipolito, Rafael] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Reinhard, Aaron; Riou, Jean-Felix; Zundel, Laura A.; Weiss, David S.] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Reinhard, Aaron] Otterbein Univ, Dept Phys, Westerville, OH 43081 USA.
RP Li, SM (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, NIST, JILA, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RI Weiss, David/B-7886-2010; Manmana, Salvatore /C-9822-2011
OI Manmana, Salvatore /0000-0002-4070-0576
FU AFOSR YI; National Science Foundation (NSF) [PHY 11-02737]; US Army
Research Office (ARO); Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
(DARPA); NSF [1125844]; AFOSR; ARO; ARO (DARPA OLE)
FX R.H. was supported by the AFOSR YI. D. S. W. acknowledges support from
the National Science Foundation (NSF) (Grant No. PHY 11-02737), the US
Army Research Office (ARO), and the Defense Advanced Research Projects
Agency (DARPA). A. M. R and S. Li acknowledge support from NSF (Grant
No. 1125844), the AFOSR, ARO, and the ARO (DARPA OLE).
NR 30
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 4
U2 13
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD AUG 23
PY 2013
VL 88
IS 2
AR 023419
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.88.023419
PG 15
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 207AZ
UT WOS:000323570100008
ER
PT J
AU Lamoreaux, SK
van Bibber, KA
Lehnert, KW
Carosi, G
AF Lamoreaux, S. K.
van Bibber, K. A.
Lehnert, K. W.
Carosi, G.
TI Analysis of single-photon and linear amplifier detectors for microwave
cavity dark matter axion searches
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID RYDBERG ATOMS; QUANTUM-NOISE; CIRCUIT
AB We show that at higher frequencies, and thus higher axion masses, single-photon detectors become competitive and ultimately favored, when compared to quantum-limited linear amplifiers, as the detector technology in microwave cavity experimental searches for galactic halo dark matter axions. The crossover point in this comparison is of order 10 GHz (similar to 40 mu eV), not far above the frequencies of current searches.
C1 [Lamoreaux, S. K.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
[van Bibber, K. A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nucl Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Lehnert, K. W.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Lehnert, K. W.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Lehnert, K. W.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Carosi, G.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Lamoreaux, SK (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Phys, POB 208120, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
EM steve.lamoreaux@yale.edu
RI Lehnert, Konrad/B-7577-2009
OI Lehnert, Konrad/0000-0002-0750-9649
FU National Science Foundation [PHY-1067242, PHY-1306729]; U.S. Department
of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC, Lawrence
Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX This work was supported under the auspices of the National Science
Foundation, under Grants No. PHY-1067242 and No. PHY-1306729, and the
auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National
Security, LLC, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No.
DE-AC52-07NA27344.
NR 15
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 18
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1550-7998
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD AUG 23
PY 2013
VL 88
IS 3
AR 035020
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.88.035020
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 207BX
UT WOS:000323572800007
ER
PT J
AU Read, JS
Baiotti, L
Creighton, JDE
Friedman, JL
Giacomazzo, B
Kyutoku, K
Markakis, C
Rezzolla, L
Shibata, M
Taniguchi, K
AF Read, Jocelyn S.
Baiotti, Luca
Creighton, Jolien D. E.
Friedman, John L.
Giacomazzo, Bruno
Kyutoku, Koutarou
Markakis, Charalampos
Rezzolla, Luciano
Shibata, Masaru
Taniguchi, Keisuke
TI Matter effects on binary neutron star waveforms
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID LOCAL CHARACTERISTIC APPROACH; GRAVITATIONAL-WAVES; RELATIVISTIC
HYDRODYNAMICS; NUMERICAL RELATIVITY; RAY-BURSTS; PERTURBATIONS;
EQUATIONS; MASSES; RADII; CODE
AB Using an extended set of equations of state and a multiple-group multiple-code collaborative effort to generate waveforms, we improve numerical-relativity-based data-analysis estimates of the measurability of matter effects in neutron-star binaries. We vary two parameters of a parametrized piecewise-polytropic equation of state (EOS) to analyze the measurability of EOS properties, via a parameter Lambda that characterizes the quadrupole deformability of an isolated neutron star. We find that, to within the accuracy of the simulations, the departure of the waveform from point-particle (or spinless double black-hole binary) inspiral increases monotonically with Lambda and changes in the EOS that did not change Lambda are not measurable. We estimate with two methods the minimal and expected measurability of Lambda in second- and third-generation gravitational-wave detectors. The first estimate using numerical waveforms alone shows that two EOSs which vary in radius by 1.3 km are distinguishable in mergers at 100 Mpc. The second estimate relies on the construction of hybrid waveforms by matching to post-Newtonian inspiral and estimates that the same EOSs are distinguishable in mergers at 300 Mpc. We calculate systematic errors arising from numerical uncertainties and hybrid construction, and we estimate the frequency at which such effects would interfere with template-based searches.
C1 [Read, Jocelyn S.] Calif State Univ Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92831 USA.
[Read, Jocelyn S.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Baiotti, Luca] Osaka Univ, Inst Laser Engn, Suita, Osaka 5670086, Japan.
[Baiotti, Luca; Shibata, Masaru] Kyoto Univ, Yukawa Inst Theoret Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan.
[Creighton, Jolien D. E.; Friedman, John L.; Kyutoku, Koutarou] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
[Giacomazzo, Bruno] Univ Colorado, JILA, UCB 440, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Giacomazzo, Bruno] NIST, UCB 440, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Markakis, Charalampos] Univ Jena, Inst Theoret Phys, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
[Rezzolla, Luciano] Albert Einstein Inst, Max Planck Inst Gravitat Phys, D-14476 Golm, Germany.
[Markakis, Charalampos] Univ Southampton, Sch Math, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England.
[Taniguchi, Keisuke] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Arts & Sci, Meguro Ku, Tokyo 1538902, Japan.
RP Read, JS (reprint author), Calif State Univ Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92831 USA.
RI Taniguchi, Keisuke/G-2694-2011; Giacomazzo, Bruno/I-8088-2012;
OI Giacomazzo, Bruno/0000-0002-6947-4023; Markakis,
Charalampos/0000-0002-5524-0410
FU Japanese MEXT [24740163]; NSF [PHY-1055103, PHY-0970074, PHY-0900735,
PHY-0701817, PHY-0503366, PHY-1001515, AST 1009396, OCI-1053575,
PHY1001515]; NASA [NNX12AO67G]; JSPS Postdoctoral Fellowship for
Research Abroad; DFG [SFB/Transregio 7]; STFC [PP/E001025/1];
[22740163]
FX This work was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (Grant
No. 24740163) of Japanese MEXT, by NSF Grants No. PHY-1055103, No.
PHY-0970074, No. PHY-0900735, No. PHY-0701817, No. PHY-0503366, and No.
PHY-1001515, and by the Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (Grant No.
22740163). B. G. acknowledges support from NSF Grant No. AST 1009396 and
NASA Grant No. NNX12AO67G. This work used XSEDE (Allocation No.
TG-PHY110027) which is supported by NSF Grant No. OCI-1053575. K. K. is
supported by JSPS Postdoctoral Fellowship for Research Abroad. C. M.
acknowledges support by NSF Grant No. PHY1001515, DFG Grant No.
SFB/Transregio 7 "Gravitational Wave Astronomy,'' and STFC Grant No.
PP/E001025/1. We thank B. D. Lackey for reading a draft of the paper and
suggesting changes, for helpful conversations, and for providing Fig. 2.
J. S. R. thanks the "Rattle and Shine'' workshop at KITP (Santa Barbara)
and the "YKIS2013'' workshop at YITP (Kyoto) for useful discussions.
NR 98
TC 96
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U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1550-7998
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD AUG 23
PY 2013
VL 88
IS 4
AR 044042
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.88.044042
PG 21
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 207CA
UT WOS:000323573200008
ER
PT J
AU Nelson, TC
Doukakis, P
Lindley, ST
Schreier, AD
Hightower, JE
Hildebrand, LR
Whitlock, RE
Webb, MAH
AF Nelson, Troy C.
Doukakis, Phaedra
Lindley, Steven T.
Schreier, Andrea D.
Hightower, Joseph E.
Hildebrand, Larry R.
Whitlock, Rebecca E.
Webb, Molly A. H.
TI Research Tools to Investigate Movements, Migrations, and Life History of
Sturgeons (Acipenseridae), with an Emphasis on Marine-Oriented
Populations
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; JUVENILE GREEN STURGEON; LOWER COLUMBIA-RIVER; PECTORAL
FIN RAYS; INDUCTIVELY-COUPLED PLASMA; STOCK REDUCTION ANALYSIS; DNA
CONTROL REGION; LOWER FRASER-RIVER; STATE-SPACE MODEL; WHITE STURGEON
AB Worldwide, sturgeons (Acipenseridae) are among the most endangered fishes due to habitat degradation, overfishing, and inherent life history characteristics (long life span, late maturation, and infrequent spawning). As most sturgeons are anadromous, a considerable portion of their life history occurs in estuarine and marine environments where they may encounter unique threats (e.g., interception in non-target fisheries). Of the 16 marine-oriented species, 12 are designated as Critically Endangered by the IUCN, and these include species commercially harvested. We review important research tools and techniques (tagging, electronic tagging, genetics, microchemistry, observatory) and discuss the comparative utility of these techniques to investigate movements, migrations, and life-history characteristics of sturgeons. Examples are provided regarding what the applications have revealed regarding movement and migration and how this information can be used for conservation and management. Through studies that include Gulf (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) and Green Sturgeon (A. medirostris), we illustrate what is known about well-studied species and then explore lesser-studied species. A more complete picture of migration is available for North American sturgeon species, while European and Asian species, which are among the most endangered sturgeons, are less understood. We put forth recommendations that encourage the support of stewardship initiatives to build awareness and provide key information for population assessment and monitoring.
C1 [Nelson, Troy C.] Fraser River Sturgeon Conservat Soc, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
[Doukakis, Phaedra] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
[Lindley, Steven T.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
[Schreier, Andrea D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Hightower, Joseph E.] NC State Univ, Dept Appl Ecol, NC Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Raleigh, NC USA.
[Hildebrand, Larry R.] Golder Associates, Castlegar, BC, Canada.
[Whitlock, Rebecca E.] Stanford Univ, Hopkins Marine Stn, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
[Webb, Molly A. H.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Bozeman Fish Technol Ctr, Bozeman, MT USA.
RP Nelson, TC (reprint author), Fraser River Sturgeon Conservat Soc, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
EM troy@frasersturgeon.com
OI Schreier, Andrea/0000-0002-2241-3119
FU Pacific Ocean Shelf Tracking Project (POST); Census of Marine Life;
Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; Vancouver Aquarium Marine Science
Centre
FX Funding for this work was provided by a grant to TCN from the Pacific
Ocean Shelf Tracking Project (POST) and their partners, The Census of
Marine Life, the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, and the Vancouver
Aquarium Marine Science Centre. The funders had no role in study design,
data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the
manuscript.
NR 237
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 6
U2 55
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD AUG 22
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 8
AR e71552
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0071552
PG 22
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 218ZA
UT WOS:000324470700018
PM 23990959
ER
PT J
AU Ostberg, CO
Hauser, L
Pritchard, VL
Garza, JC
Naish, KA
AF Ostberg, Carl O.
Hauser, Lorenz
Pritchard, Victoria L.
Garza, John C.
Naish, Kerry A.
TI Chromosome rearrangements, recombination suppression, and limited
segregation distortion in hybrids between Yellowstone cutthroat trout
(Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri) and rainbow trout (O. mykiss)
SO BMC GENOMICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSMISSION RATIO DISTORTION; MICROSATELLITE LINKAGE MAP; CHAR
SALVELINUS-ALPINUS; MUS-MUSCULUS-DOMESTICUS; GENE FLOW; HOUSE MOUSE;
INTROGRESSIVE HYBRIDIZATION; REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION; ATLANTIC SALMON;
SPECIES COMPLEX
AB Background: Introgressive hybridization is an important evolutionary process that can lead to the creation of novel genome structures and thus potentially new genetic variation for selection to act upon. On the other hand, hybridization with introduced species can threaten native species, such as cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii) following the introduction of rainbow trout (O. mykiss). Neither the evolutionary consequences nor conservation implications of rainbow trout introgression in cutthroat trout is well understood. Therefore, we generated a genetic linkage map for rainbow-Yellowstone cutthroat trout (O. clarkii bouvieri) hybrids to evaluate genome processes that may help explain how introgression affects hybrid genome evolution.
Results: The hybrid map closely aligned with the rainbow trout map (a cutthroat trout map does not exist), sharing all but one linkage group. This linkage group (RYHyb20) represented a fusion between an acrocentric (Omy28) and a metacentric chromosome (Omy20) in rainbow trout. Additional mapping in Yellowstone cutthroat trout indicated the two rainbow trout homologues were fused in the Yellowstone genome. Variation in the number of hybrid linkage groups (28 or 29) likely depended on a Robertsonian rearrangement polymorphism within the rainbow trout stock. Comparison between the female-merged F-1 map and a female consensus rainbow trout map revealed that introgression suppressed recombination across large genomic regions in 5 hybrid linkage groups. Two of these linkage groups (RYHyb20 and RYHyb25_29) contained confirmed chromosome rearrangements between rainbow and Yellowstone cutthroat trout indicating that rearrangements may suppress recombination. The frequency of allelic and genotypic segregation distortion varied among parents and families, suggesting few incompatibilities exist between rainbow and Yellowstone cutthroat trout genomes.
Conclusions: Chromosome rearrangements suppressed recombination in the hybrids. This result supports several previous findings demonstrating that recombination suppression restricts gene flow between chromosomes that differ by arrangement. Conservation of synteny and map order between the hybrid and rainbow trout maps and minimal segregation distortion in the hybrids suggest rainbow and Yellowstone cutthroat trout genomes freely introgress across chromosomes with similar arrangement. Taken together, these results suggest that rearrangements impede introgression. Recombination suppression across rearrangements could enable large portions of non-recombined chromosomes to persist within admixed populations.
C1 [Ostberg, Carl O.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Ostberg, Carl O.; Hauser, Lorenz; Naish, Kerry A.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
[Pritchard, Victoria L.; Garza, John C.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Pritchard, Victoria L.; Garza, John C.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Ostberg, CO (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, 6505 NE 65th St, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM costberg@usgs.gov
RI Hauser, Lorenz/E-4365-2010; Naish, Kerry/F-5768-2014;
OI Naish, Kerry/0000-0002-3275-8778; Pritchard,
Victoria/0000-0003-0992-7403
FU U.S. Geological Survey; National Marine Fisheries Service
FX The authors wish to acknowledge support from the staff at Henry's Lake
Fish Hatchery and Fish Management Station and Hayspur Hatchery, Idaho
Department of Fish and Game. Jeff Duda assisted in fish care. Funding
was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey and the National Marine
Fisheries Service. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 80
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 2
U2 44
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 1471-2164
J9 BMC GENOMICS
JI BMC Genomics
PD AUG 22
PY 2013
VL 14
AR 570
DI 10.1186/1471-2164-14-570
PG 16
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 210OA
UT WOS:000323841900001
PM 23968234
ER
PT J
AU Liu, FH
Hsu, CS
Chuang, CS
Woo, TP
Huang, LI
Lo, ST
Fukuyama, Y
Yang, YF
Elmquist, RE
Liang, CT
AF Liu, Fan-Hung
Hsu, Chang-Shun
Chuang, Chiashain
Woo, Tak-Pong
Huang, Lung-I
Lo, Shun-Tsung
Fukuyama, Yasuhiro
Yang, Yanfei
Elmquist, Randolph E.
Liang, Chi-Te
TI Dirac fermion heating, current scaling, and direct insulator-quantum
Hall transition in multilayer epitaxial graphene
SO NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Graphene; Magnetoresistivity measurements; Direct insulator-quantum Hall
transition
ID FIELD-INDUCED DELOCALIZATION; 2-DIMENSIONAL ELECTRON-GAS; TRANSPORT;
HETEROSTRUCTURE; PLATEAUS; SYSTEM; PHASE; FILMS
AB We have performed magnetotransport measurements on multilayer epitaxial graphene. By increasing the driving current I through our graphene devices while keeping the bath temperature fixed, we are able to study Dirac fermion heating and current scaling in such devices. Using zero-field resistivity as a self thermometer, we are able to determine the effective Dirac fermion temperature (T (DF)) at various driving currents. At zero field, it is found that T (DF) ae I (a parts per thousand 1/2). Such results are consistent with electron heating in conventional two-dimensional systems in the plateau-plateau transition regime. With increasing magnetic field B, we observe an I-independent point in the measured longitudinal resistivity rho (xx) which is equivalent to the direct insulator-quantum Hall (I-QH) transition characterized by a temperature-independent point in rho (xx). Together with recent experimental evidence for direct I-QH transition, our new data suggest that such a transition is a universal effect in graphene, albeit further studies are required to obtain a thorough understanding of such an effect.
C1 [Liu, Fan-Hung; Hsu, Chang-Shun; Lo, Shun-Tsung; Liang, Chi-Te] Natl Taiwan Univ, Grad Inst Appl Phys, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
[Chuang, Chiashain; Woo, Tak-Pong; Huang, Lung-I; Liang, Chi-Te] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Phys, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
[Fukuyama, Yasuhiro] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058568, Japan.
[Yang, Yanfei; Elmquist, Randolph E.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Liang, CT (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ, Grad Inst Appl Phys, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
EM ctliang@phys.ntu.edu.tw
RI Liang, Chi-Te/A-3902-2009
OI Liang, Chi-Te/0000-0003-4435-5949
FU National Science Council (NSC), Taiwan; National Taiwan University
[102R7552-2]
FX This work was funded by the National Science Council (NSC), Taiwan and
National Taiwan University (grant number 102R7552-2).
NR 46
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 19
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1931-7573
J9 NANOSCALE RES LETT
JI Nanoscale Res. Lett.
PD AUG 22
PY 2013
VL 8
AR 360
DI 10.1186/1556-276X-8-360
PG 6
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Physics, Applied
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics
GA 208HJ
UT WOS:000323668300001
PM 23968131
ER
PT J
AU Goldbogen, JA
Southall, BL
DeRuiter, SL
Calambokidis, J
Friedlaender, AS
Hazen, EL
Falcone, EA
Schorr, GS
Douglas, A
Moretti, DJ
Kyburg, C
McKenna, MF
Tyack, PL
AF Goldbogen, Jeremy A.
Southall, Brandon L.
DeRuiter, Stacy L.
Calambokidis, John
Friedlaender, Ari S.
Hazen, Elliott L.
Falcone, Erin A.
Schorr, Gregory S.
Douglas, Annie
Moretti, David J.
Kyburg, Chris
McKenna, Megan F.
Tyack, Peter L.
TI Blue whales respond to simulated mid-frequency military sonar
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE blue whale; military sonar; underwater noise; sensory ecology; foraging;
bio-logging
ID ACOUSTIC RECORDING TAG; BEAKED-WHALES; MARINE MAMMALS; BALEEN WHALES;
CETACEANS; BEHAVIOR; LUNGE; SOUND; STRATEGIES; PREDATOR
AB Mid-frequency military (1-10 kHz) sonars have been associated with lethal mass strandings of deep-diving toothed whales, but the effects on endangered baleen whale species are virtually unknown. Here, we used controlled exposure experiments with simulated military sonar and other mid-frequency sounds to measure behavioural responses of tagged blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus) in feeding areas within the Southern California Bight. Despite using source levels orders of magnitude below some operational military systems, our results demonstrate that mid-frequency sound can significantly affect blue whale behaviour, especially during deep feeding modes. When a response occurred, behavioural changes varied widely from cessation of deep feeding to increased swimming speed and directed travel away from the sound source. The variability of these behavioural responses was largely influenced by a complex interaction of behavioural state, the type of mid-frequency sound and received sound level. Sonar-induced disruption of feeding and displacement from high-quality prey patches could have significant and previously undocumented impacts on baleen whale foraging ecology, individual fitness and population health.
C1 [Goldbogen, Jeremy A.; Calambokidis, John; Falcone, Erin A.; Schorr, Gregory S.; Douglas, Annie] Cascadia Res Collect, Olympia, WA 98501 USA.
[Southall, Brandon L.; Friedlaender, Ari S.] Southall Environm Associates Inc, Aptos, CA 95003 USA.
[Southall, Brandon L.; Friedlaender, Ari S.; Hazen, Elliott L.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Marine Sci, Long Marine Lab, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Friedlaender, Ari S.; Hazen, Elliott L.] Duke Univ, Marine Lab, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
[Hazen, Elliott L.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Pacific Grove, CA USA.
[Moretti, David J.] USN, Ctr Underwater Syst, Div Newport, Newport, RI USA.
[Kyburg, Chris] Spawar Syst Ctr, San Diego, CA 92152 USA.
[McKenna, Megan F.] Natl Pk Serv, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA.
[DeRuiter, Stacy L.] Univ St Andrews, CREEM, St Andrews KY16 9LZ, Fife, Scotland.
[Tyack, Peter L.] Univ St Andrews, Scottish Oceans Inst, Sea Mammal Res Unit, St Andrews KY16 9LZ, Fife, Scotland.
RP Goldbogen, JA (reprint author), Cascadia Res Collect, 218 1-2 W 4th Ave, Olympia, WA 98501 USA.
EM jgoldbogen@gmail.com; brandon.southall@sea-inc.net
RI Hazen, Elliott/G-4149-2014;
OI Hazen, Elliott/0000-0002-0412-7178; DeRuiter, Stacy/0000-0002-0571-0306
FU Naval Operations Environmental Readiness Division; Office of Naval
Research
FX Funding provided by Chief of Naval Operations Environmental Readiness
Division and the Office of Naval Research.
NR 43
TC 47
Z9 47
U1 20
U2 201
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 0962-8452
J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI
JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci.
PD AUG 22
PY 2013
VL 280
IS 1765
AR 20130657
DI 10.1098/rspb.2013.0657
PG 8
WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences &
Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA 175TH
UT WOS:000321255700009
PM 23825206
ER
PT J
AU Barzilai, S
Tavazza, F
Levine, LE
AF Barzilai, S.
Tavazza, F.
Levine, L. E.
TI Disparate effects of an O-2 internal impurity on the elongation and
quantum transport of gold and silver nanowires
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATION; CONDUCTANCE; MOLECULES
AB In this work, we investigated the effects of an internal O-2 impurity on the conductance of elongated gold and silver nanowires (NWs) using density functional theory calculations. We found that the O-2 interacts with these metallic NWs very differently. In the case of gold NWs, the presence of an internal oxygen molecule locally strengthens the wire, therefore, forcing the phase transformations connected to the thinning process (3D to 2D and 2D to single atom chain) to occur far from the oxygen. As a consequence, towards the end of the elongation, the internal O-2 is located far from the main conductance channel and therefore has little influence on the conductance of the NW. In contrast, in silver NWs, the presence of an internal oxygen molecule involves a larger charge transfer from the metallic atoms to the oxygen, therefore, weakening the Ag-Ag binding. During the initial stages of the elongation, several metallic bonds adjacent to the impurity break, so that in most simulations the NW thinning takes place near the O-2. This thinning mechanism places the O-2 near the main conductance channel, therefore, significantly reducing the conductivity of the elongated silver NWs. For both metals, our findings agree well with the published experimental results. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Barzilai, S.; Tavazza, F.; Levine, L. E.] NIST, MSED, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Barzilai, S (reprint author), NIST, MSED, Mat Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8553, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 67
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 18
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD AUG 21
PY 2013
VL 114
IS 7
AR 074315
DI 10.1063/1.4818956
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 206HV
UT WOS:000323510900068
ER
PT J
AU Grutter, AJ
Yang, H
Kirby, BJ
Fitzsimmons, MR
Aguiar, JA
Browning, ND
Jenkins, CA
Arenholz, E
Mehta, VV
Alaan, US
Suzuki, Y
AF Grutter, A. J.
Yang, H.
Kirby, B. J.
Fitzsimmons, M. R.
Aguiar, J. A.
Browning, N. D.
Jenkins, C. A.
Arenholz, E.
Mehta, V. V.
Alaan, U. S.
Suzuki, Y.
TI Interfacial Ferromagnetism in LaNiO3/CaMnO3 Superlattices
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID OXIDE SUPERLATTICES; STATES; PEROVSKITES; TRANSITION; EELS; MN
AB We observe interfacial ferromagnetism in superlattices of the paramagnetic metal LaNiO3 and the antiferromagnetic insulator CaMnO3. LaNiO3 exhibits a thickness dependent metal-insulator transition and we find the emergence of ferromagnetism to be coincident with the conducting state of LaNiO3. That is, only superlattices in which the LaNiO3 layers are metallic exhibit ferromagnetism. Using several magnetic probes, we have determined that the ferromagnetism arises in a single unit cell of CaMnO3 at the interface. Together these results suggest that ferromagnetism can be attributed to a double exchange interaction among Mn ions mediated by the adjacent itinerant metal.
C1 [Grutter, A. J.; Mehta, V. V.; Alaan, U. S.; Suzuki, Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Grutter, A. J.; Mehta, V. V.; Suzuki, Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Grutter, A. J.; Alaan, U. S.; Suzuki, Y.] Stanford Univ, Geballe Lab Adv Mat, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Grutter, A. J.; Alaan, U. S.; Suzuki, Y.] Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Yang, H.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Mat Sci & Chem Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Kirby, B. J.] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Fitzsimmons, M. R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos Neutron Sci Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Aguiar, J. A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Mat Sci & Technol Div, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
[Browning, N. D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Div, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Jenkins, C. A.; Arenholz, E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Grutter, AJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
OI Browning, Nigel/0000-0003-0491-251X; Aguiar,
Jeffery/0000-0001-6101-4762; Alaan, Urusa/0000-0003-1109-3399
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of
Materials Sciences and Engineering [DE-AC02-05CH11231, DESC0008505,
DE-AC05-76RL01830]; DOE [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; Office of Naval Research
[N00014-10-1-0226]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830];
Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering
under Contracts No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 (Berkeley & ALS), No. DESC0008505
(Stanford), and No. DE-AC05-76RL01830 (H. Y.). Los Alamos National
Laboratory is operated by Los Alamos National Security LLC under DOE
Contract No. DE-AC52-06NA25396. U. S. A. is supported by the Office of
Naval Research (Contract No. N00014-10-1-0226). Work at Pacific
Northwest National Lab was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy
under Contract No. DE-AC05-76RL01830. A portion of the PNNL research was
performed using EMSL, a national scientific user facility sponsored by
the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental
Research.
NR 23
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 3
U2 80
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 21
PY 2013
VL 111
IS 8
AR 087202
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.087202
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 205FH
UT WOS:000323427600006
PM 24010469
ER
PT J
AU Drumm, DT
Bamber, RN
AF Drumm, David T.
Bamber, Roger N.
TI A new species of Fageapseudes (Crustacea: Peracarida: Tanaidacea) from
California, with comments on the systematics of the family Apseudidae
SO ZOOTAXA
LA English
DT Article
DE Apseudidae; Leviapseudinae; new species; Fageapseudes pluma; California
ID APSEUDOMORPHA
AB Examination of material housed at the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History revealed a new species of Fageapseudes from 4100 m depth off California, the first record of the genus in the eastern North Pacific. Fageapseudes pluma n. sp. is very similar to the Japanese species Fageapseudes brachyomos Bamber, but can be distinguished by differences in setation and by having fewer articles in the antennal flagellum and uropodal exopodite. It is unique for the genus and subfamily in having the inner caudo-distal seta of the maxillipedal endite "feather-like" instead of "leaf-like" or simply setulose. Problems with the current classification of the Apseudidae are briefly discussed, and new diagnoses are established for the subfamily Leviapseudinae and the genus Fageapseudes.
C1 [Drumm, David T.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Resource Assessment & Conservat Engn Div, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Drumm, David T.] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Bamber, Roger N.] Ocean Quay Marina, Artoo Marine Biol Consultants, Southampton SO14 5QY, Hants, England.
RP Drumm, DT (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Resource Assessment & Conservat Engn Div, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM david.drumm@noaa.gov; roger.bamber@artoo.co.uk
FU North Pacific Research Board grant [1016, 440]; Joint Institute for the
Study of Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) under NOAA Cooperative Agreement,
University of Washington, Seattle [NA10OAR4320148, 2112]
FX The senior author thanks Regina Wetzer and Adam Wall (LACM) for
accommodating him during his visit. Adam and Janie Chen (University of
Southern California) examined the female pleons and took the picture
shown in figure 5. Modest Gutu provided insightful information. Don
Cadien clarified the sampling locality. Jay Orr and Duane Stevenson gave
comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. We thank the two
anonymous reviewers for improving the quality of the manuscript. This
research was supported by a North Pacific Research Board grant (number
1016), publication no. 440 and the Joint Institute for the Study of
Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) under NOAA Cooperative Agreement
NA10OAR4320148, Contribution No. 2112, University of Washington,
Seattle.
NR 22
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU MAGNOLIA PRESS
PI AUCKLAND
PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND
SN 1175-5326
EI 1175-5334
J9 ZOOTAXA
JI Zootaxa
PD AUG 21
PY 2013
VL 3701
IS 4
BP 437
EP 446
DI 10.11646/zootaxa.3701.4.3
PG 10
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 203RN
UT WOS:000323310800003
PM 26191595
ER
PT J
AU Bender, PL
Begelman, MC
Gair, JR
AF Bender, Peter L.
Begelman, Mitchell C.
Gair, Jonathan R.
TI Possible LISA follow-on mission scientific objectives
SO CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM GRAVITY
LA English
DT Article
ID MASSIVE BLACK-HOLES; QUASI-STARS; 1ST STARS; EVOLUTION; UNIVERSE;
BINARIES
AB A major objective that has been suggested for a follow-on mission to a Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA)-type mission is to investigate more completely how intermediate mass black holes were formed and grew in the early universe, before they evolved into the much more massive black holes at the centers of many galaxies today. The actual design of such a follow-on mission will of course depend on what is observed by a LISA-type mission, such as the recently modified proposal for an evolved LISA mission, with the interferometer arm lengths between spacecraft reduced from 5 million to 1 million km. However, the sensitivity goals of a follow-on mission are likely to be influenced strongly by the desire to be able to see mergers of 10 M-circle dot black holes with roughly 3000 M-circle dot or larger intermediate mass black holes out to as large redshifts as possible. Approximate calculations of the expected signal-to-noise have been made for a possible LISA follow-on mission that was suggested about eight years ago (Bender and Begelman 2005 Trends in Space Science and Cosmic Vision 2020 (Noordwijk: ESA Publications Division) pp 33-38), and was called the Advanced Laser Interferometer Antenna. Based on the calculations, it appears that detections out to a redshift of 10 would be possible for 10 M-circle dot black holes spiraling into perhaps 5000 M-circle dot or larger intermediate mass black holes if the extragalactic gravitational wave background due to close white dwarf binaries is in the currently estimated range.
C1 [Bender, Peter L.; Begelman, Mitchell C.] Univ Colorado, Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Bender, Peter L.; Begelman, Mitchell C.] NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
[Begelman, Mitchell C.] Univ Colorado, Astrophys & Planetary Sci Dept, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Gair, Jonathan R.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England.
RP Bender, PL (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM pbender@jila.colorado.edu
NR 32
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 9
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0264-9381
J9 CLASSICAL QUANT GRAV
JI Class. Quantum Gravity
PD AUG 21
PY 2013
VL 30
IS 16
AR 165017
DI 10.1088/0264-9381/30/16/165017
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles
& Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 190FL
UT WOS:000322324700019
ER
PT J
AU Alves, LL
Bartschat, K
Biagi, SF
Bordage, MC
Pitchford, LC
Ferreira, CM
Hagelaar, GJM
Morgan, WL
Pancheshnyi, S
Phelps, AV
Puech, V
Zatsarinny, O
AF Alves, L. L.
Bartschat, K.
Biagi, S. F.
Bordage, M. C.
Pitchford, L. C.
Ferreira, C. M.
Hagelaar, G. J. M.
Morgan, W. L.
Pancheshnyi, S.
Phelps, A. V.
Puech, V.
Zatsarinny, O.
TI Comparisons of sets of electron-neutral scattering cross sections and
swarm parameters in noble gases: II. Helium and neon
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID LOW-ENERGY ELECTRONS; TOWNSEND IONIZATION COEFFICIENT; RADIAL
DIFFUSION-COEFFICIENT; LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; IMPACT-EXCITATION;
BOLTZMANN-EQUATION; LOW-TEMPERATURES; METASTABLE NEON; GLOW-DISCHARGE;
1S4 LEVELS
AB This paper is the second of a series of four reports, describing work carried in 2011 in the context of the Plasma Data Exchange Project with the Gaseous Electronics Conference, devoted to intercomparisons between different sets of electron-neutral scattering cross sections from ground-state noble gas atoms, in the energy range from thermal to about 1 keV. The present work compares cross section sets for helium and neon, determined independently, which are available on the open access LXCat website (www.lxcat.laplace.univ-tlse.fr/). The cross sections are used as input data in an electron Boltzmann solver or in Monte Carlo simulations, to calculate different swarm parameters (transport parameters and rate coefficients). The calculated quantities are compared with measurements to assess the quality of the cross sections in providing data for modelling low-temperature plasmas or analysing experiments. The paper includes several appendices prepared by co-authors to the work, presenting details on how the various cross section datasets were compiled or evaluated.
C1 [Alves, L. L.; Ferreira, C. M.] Univ Tecn Lisboa, Inst Super Tecn, Inst Plasmas & Fusao Nucl, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal.
[Bartschat, K.; Zatsarinny, O.] Drake Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Des Moines, IA 50311 USA.
[Biagi, S. F.] Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England.
[Bordage, M. C.; Pitchford, L. C.; Hagelaar, G. J. M.; Pancheshnyi, S.] Univ Toulouse, UPS, INPT, LAPLACE Lab Plasma & Convers Energie, F-31062 Toulouse 9, France.
[Bordage, M. C.; Pitchford, L. C.; Hagelaar, G. J. M.; Pancheshnyi, S.] CNRS, LAPLACE, F-31062 Toulouse, France.
[Morgan, W. L.] Kinema Res & Software, Monument, CO 80132 USA.
[Phelps, A. V.] NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Phelps, A. V.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Puech, V.] CNRS, Lab Phys Gaz & Plasmas, F-91405 Orsay, France.
[Puech, V.] Univ Paris 11, F-91405 Orsay, France.
RP Alves, LL (reprint author), Univ Tecn Lisboa, Inst Super Tecn, Inst Plasmas & Fusao Nucl, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal.
EM llalves@ist.utl.pt
RI Alves, Luis/B-6974-2012;
OI Alves, Luis/0000-0002-2677-574X; Ferreira, Carlos/0000-0002-3786-8853
FU Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia [Pest-OE/SADG/LA0010/2011];
United States National Science Foundation [PHY-1068140, PHY-1212450];
XSEDE supercomputer [TG-PHY-090031]
FX The authors thank S Chowdhury for assisting in organizing the material
for this paper. They also thank Dr Yu Ralchenko for his comments. The
work of LLA and CMF was partially supported by Fundacao para a Ciencia e
a Tecnologia, under Project Pest-OE/SADG/LA0010/2011. The work of KB and
OZ was supported by the United States National Science Foundation under
Grant Nos PHY-1068140 and PHY-1212450, and by the XSEDE supercomputer
allocation No TG-PHY-090031.
NR 109
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 0
U2 25
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0022-3727
EI 1361-6463
J9 J PHYS D APPL PHYS
JI J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys.
PD AUG 21
PY 2013
VL 46
IS 33
AR 334002
DI 10.1088/0022-3727/46/33/334002
PG 22
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 196OF
UT WOS:000322784200003
ER
PT J
AU Pitchford, LC
Alves, LL
Bartschat, K
Biagi, SF
Bordage, MC
Phelps, AV
Ferreira, CM
Hagelaar, GJM
Morgan, WL
Pancheshnyi, S
Puech, V
Stauffer, A
Zatsarinny, O
AF Pitchford, L. C.
Alves, L. L.
Bartschat, K.
Biagi, S. F.
Bordage, M. C.
Phelps, A. V.
Ferreira, C. M.
Hagelaar, G. J. M.
Morgan, W. L.
Pancheshnyi, S.
Puech, V.
Stauffer, A.
Zatsarinny, O.
TI Comparisons of sets of electron-neutral scattering cross sections and
swarm parameters in noble gases: I. Argon
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID LOW-ENERGY ELECTRONS; IMPACT EXCITATION; TRANSPORT COEFFICIENTS;
DIFFUSION-COEFFICIENT; DRIFT VELOCITIES; MONTE-CARLO; IONIZATION
COEFFICIENTS; BOLTZMANN-EQUATION; GLOW-DISCHARGES; SLOW ELECTRONS
AB This paper describes work done in the context of the Gaseous Electronics Conference (GEC) Plasma Data Exchange Project (PDEP) as discussed in the preface to this cluster issue. The purposes of this paper and its companion papers are to compare sets of cross sections for electron scattering from ground-state noble gas atoms in the energy range from thermal to about 1 keV and to comment on their applicability for plasma modelling. To these ends, we present in this paper intercomparisons of the nine independently derived sets of cross sections for electron scattering from ground-state argon atoms that have been posted in databases on the LXCat open-access website (www.lxcat.laplace.univ-tlse.fr). We show electron transport, excitation and ionization coefficients (swarm parameters) calculated using these cross section data in Boltzmann solvers and we compare calculated values with measurements. For the most part, the cross section sets have been compiled by co-authors on this paper and appendices giving details about how the various cross sections datasets were compiled have been written by the individual co-authors. Additional appendices discuss our criteria for selection of experimental data to be included in the comparisons and give a brief overview of the methods used here for solving the Boltzmann equation.
C1 [Pitchford, L. C.; Bordage, M. C.; Hagelaar, G. J. M.; Pancheshnyi, S.] Univ Toulouse, UPS, INPT, LAPLACE Lab Plasma & Convers Energie, F-31062 Toulouse 9, France.
[Pitchford, L. C.; Bordage, M. C.; Hagelaar, G. J. M.; Pancheshnyi, S.] CNRS, LAPLACE, F-31062 Toulouse, France.
[Alves, L. L.; Ferreira, C. M.] Univ Tecn Lisboa, Inst Super Tecn, Inst Plasmas & Fusao Nucl, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal.
[Bartschat, K.; Zatsarinny, O.] Drake Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Des Moines, IA 50311 USA.
[Biagi, S. F.] Univ Liverpool, Oliver Lodge Lab, Liverpool L69 7ZE, Merseyside, England.
[Phelps, A. V.] NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Phelps, A. V.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Morgan, W. L.] Kinema Res & Software, Monument, CO 80132 USA.
[Puech, V.] CNRS, Lab Phys Gaz & Plasmas, F-91405 Orsay, France.
[Puech, V.] Univ Paris 11, F-91405 Orsay, France.
[Stauffer, A.] York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.
RP Pitchford, LC (reprint author), Univ Toulouse, UPS, INPT, LAPLACE Lab Plasma & Convers Energie, 118 Route Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse 9, France.
EM pitchford@laplace.univ-tlse.fr
RI Alves, Luis/B-6974-2012;
OI Alves, Luis/0000-0002-2677-574X; Ferreira, Carlos/0000-0002-3786-8853
FU United States National Science Foundation [PHY-1068140, PHY-1212450];
XSEDE supercomputer [TG-PHY-090031]; Fundacao para a Ciencia e a
Tecnologia [Pest OE/SADG/LA0010/2011]
FX We thank Sanchita Chowdhury for her excellent technical assistance on
many aspects of this work. The work of KB and OZ was supported by the
United States National Science Foundation under grants No PHY-1068140
and No PHY-1212450, and by the XSEDE supercomputer allocation No
TG-PHY-090031. The work of LLA and CMF was partially supported by
Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, under Project Pest
OE/SADG/LA0010/2011.
NR 97
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 33
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0022-3727
J9 J PHYS D APPL PHYS
JI J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys.
PD AUG 21
PY 2013
VL 46
IS 33
AR 334001
DI 10.1088/0022-3727/46/33/334001
PG 19
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 196OF
UT WOS:000322784200002
ER
PT J
AU Thacker, WC
AF Thacker, William Carlisle
TI Can Hydrographic Data Provide Evidence That the Rate of Oceanic Uptake
of Anthropogenic CO2 Is Increasing?
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
AB Predictions of the rate of accumulation of anthropogenic carbon dioxide in the Pacific Ocean near 32 degrees S and 150 degrees W based on the P16 surveys of 1991 and 2005 and on the P06 surveys of 1992 and 2003 underestimate the amount found in the P06 survey of 2009-2010, suggesting an increasing uptake rate. Assuming the accumulation rate to be constant over the two decades, analyses using all five surveys lead to upward revision of the rates based only on the first four. On the other hand, accumulation rates estimated for 2003-2010 are significantly greater than those for 1991-2003, again suggesting an increasing uptake rate. In addressing this question it is important to acknowledge the limitations of the repeat hydrography and consequent uncertainties of estimated accumulation rates.
C1 [Thacker, William Carlisle] Univ Miami, Miami, FL USA.
[Thacker, William Carlisle] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Thacker, WC (reprint author), Univ Miami, Miami, FL USA.
EM cthacker@rsmas.miami.edu
RI Thacker, Carlisle/I-3813-2013
OI Thacker, Carlisle/0000-0002-9285-8826
FU Physical Oceanography Division of National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration's Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory;
Office of Naval Research Award [N00014-101-0498]
FX This work has been supported by the Physical Oceanography Division of
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Atlantic Oceanographic
and Meteorological Laboratory and by the Office of Naval Research Award
N00014-101-0498. The funders had no role in study design, data
collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the
manuscript.
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 7
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD AUG 20
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 8
AR e71920
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0071920
PG 7
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 219RU
UT WOS:000324527300053
PM 23977179
ER
PT J
AU Young, WF
Matolak, DW
Bikhazi, N
Holloway, C
Koepke, G
Fielitz, H
Wu, Q
Zhang, Q
AF Young, William F.
Matolak, David W.
Bikhazi, Nicholas
Holloway, Christopher
Koepke, Galen
Fielitz, Helge
Wu, Qiong
Zhang, Qian
TI Intra-volume, centralised array concept for improved public-safety
communications
SO IET MICROWAVES ANTENNAS & PROPAGATION
LA English
DT Article
ID PLACED WIRELESS TRANSMITTERS; TRANSMISSION; NETWORKS
AB The author report on the testing and measurements of an intra-volume centralised array concept suitable for public-safety communications in buildings. The centralised array concept refers to the use of several small communication devices that are arbitrarily placed in an area and hence create a real-time communication network. The overall concept is to use randomly located (or arbitrarily placed) wireless devices in a coordinated manner in order to increase the radio-frequency signal level otherwise at unreachable locations. In a typical ad-hoc network, the transmission range of any communication link in that path is limited. We seek to extend the radio-frequency coverage within the array volume by using two or more nodes as elements of a phased array. The measurement results presented here, collected in real-world environments, along with simulations based on real-world data demonstrate that the centralised array technique can provide useful gain, up to 10 dB with only four elements. Both the measurements and simulations also indicate a typical gain of 2 to 6 dB, using only two elements. Analysis of the phase indicates a phase alignment of +/- 45 degrees achieves within 1 dB of the maximum gain.
C1 [Young, William F.; Holloway, Christopher; Koepke, Galen] NIST, RF Fields Grp, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Matolak, David W.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Elect Engn, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Bikhazi, Nicholas] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Fielitz, Helge] Hamburg Univ Technol, D-21079 Hamburg, Germany.
[Wu, Qiong] Apple Comp Inc, Cupertino, CA 95014 USA.
[Zhang, Qian] InterDigital Corp, King Of Prussia, PA 19406 USA.
RP Young, WF (reprint author), NIST, RF Fields Grp, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM wfy@boulder.nist.gov
FU US Department of Justice through the Public Safety Communications
Research Laboratory
FX This work was sponsored by US Department of Justice through the Public
Safety Communications Research Laboratory, Derek Orr, Program Manager.
The authors thank members of the technical staff of the NIST
Electromagnetics Division 818, who pulled together the equipment. The
authors also thank Patrick Fine and his staff for providing access to
the 555 17th Building in Denver, Colorado.
NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET
PI HERTFORD
PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND
SN 1751-8725
J9 IET MICROW ANTENNA P
JI IET Microw. Antennas Propag.
PD AUG 20
PY 2013
VL 7
IS 11
BP 916
EP 925
DI 10.1049/iet-map.2012.0717
PG 10
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 201MV
UT WOS:000323146600007
ER
PT J
AU Cross, JN
Mathis, JT
Bates, NR
Byrne, RH
AF Cross, Jessica N.
Mathis, Jeremy T.
Bates, Nicholas R.
Byrne, Robert H.
TI Conservative and non-conservative variations of total alkalinity on the
southeastern Bering Sea shelf
SO MARINE CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Bering Sea; Total alkalinity; Carbon biogeochemistry; Carbonate mineral
saturation states; Ocean acidification
ID NET COMMUNITY PRODUCTION; EMILIANIA-HUXLEYI BLOOMS; OCEAN ACIDIFICATION;
ARCTIC-OCEAN; DISSOLUTION KINETICS; INORGANIC CARBON; SURFACE WATERS;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; PHYSICAL-ENVIRONMENT; ANOMALOUS CONDITIONS
AB Recent observations of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) mineral undersaturations on the Bering Sea shelf have prompted new interest in the physical and biological factors that control the inorganic carbon system in the region. Understanding of the dynamics that influence the spatio-temporal variability of total alkalinity (TA) - one major component of the seawater carbonate system - has been constrained by limited historical data collected across the shelf, and the consensus has been that TA is largely conservative. However, the recently documented undersaturated conditions have the potential to cause substantial non-conservative variability in TA in this region through the dissolution of carbonate minerals. In order to quantify the contribution of carbonate mineral precipitation and dissolution to variability in TA on the southeastern Bering Sea shelf, we examined seasonal observations of TA that were made between 2008 and 2010 as part of the BEST-BSIERP Bering Sea Project. Conservative influences accounted for most of the variability in TA concentrations, with well-constrained mixing dominating in spring and summer of 2008. Bering Shelf Water (BSW) contained a constant ratio of TA to salinity, while river discharge (RW) added TA relative to salinity at a predictable rate. Although substantial organic carbon production and denitrification can cause some non-conservative variation in TA concentrations (a maximum of similar to 15 mu mol kg SW-1 combined), carbonate mineral dissolution and precipitation were shown to be the most important processes responsible for non-conservative TA-salinity relationships. CaCO3 uptake by the dominant pelagic phytoplankton calcifier (i.e., coccolithophores) was shown to alter TA concentrations by as much as 59 mu mol kg SW-1. Evidence for shallow-water CaCO3 mineral dissolution was also observed, which caused TA concentrations to increase by as much as 36 mu mol kg SW-1. Therefore, contrary to our previous understanding, the non-conservative physico-biogeochemical factors observed in this study play an important role in controlling the ocean carbon cycle of the Bering Sea shelf. (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Cross, Jessica N.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Mathis, Jeremy T.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Bates, Nicholas R.] Bermuda Inst Ocean Sci, St Georges GE01, Bermuda.
[Byrne, Robert H.] Univ S Florida, Coll Marine Sci, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
RP Cross, JN (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, 245 ONeill Bldg, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM jncross@alaska.edu; jeremy.mathis@noaa.gov; nick.bates@bios.edu;
rhbyrne@usf.edu
OI Cross, Jessica/0000-0002-6650-9905
NR 129
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 4
U2 55
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-4203
EI 1872-7581
J9 MAR CHEM
JI Mar. Chem.
PD AUG 20
PY 2013
VL 154
BP 100
EP 112
DI 10.1016/j.marchem.2013.05.012
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography
SC Chemistry; Oceanography
GA 179SI
UT WOS:000321541200010
ER
PT J
AU Shuai, YM
Schaaf, C
Zhang, XY
Strahler, A
Roy, D
Morisette, J
Wang, ZS
Nightingale, J
Nickeson, J
Richardson, AD
Xie, DH
Wang, JD
Li, XW
Strabala, K
Davies, JE
AF Shuai, Yanmin
Schaaf, Crystal
Zhang, Xiaoyang
Strahler, Alan
Roy, David
Morisette, Jeffrey
Wang, Zhuosen
Nightingale, Joanne
Nickeson, Jaime
Richardson, Andrew D.
Xie, Donghui
Wang, Jindi
Li, Xiaowen
Strabala, Kathleen
Davies, James E.
TI Daily MODIS 500 m reflectance anisotropy direct broadcast (DB) products
for monitoring vegetation phenology dynamics
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
ID DECIDUOUS BROADLEAF FOREST; IMAGING SPECTRORADIOMETER MODIS;
LAND-SURFACE PHENOLOGY; SPRING PHENOLOGY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; GLOBAL CHANGE;
NEAR-SURFACE; RAINY-SEASON; REAL-TIME; VARIABILITY
AB Land surface vegetation phenology is an efficient bio-indicator for monitoring ecosystem variation in response to changes in climatic factors. The primary objective of the current article is to examine the utility of the daily MODIS 500 m reflectance anisotropy direct broadcast (DB) product for monitoring the evolution of vegetation phenological trends over selected crop, orchard, and forest regions. Although numerous model-fitted satellite data have been widely used to assess the spatio-temporal distribution of land surface phenological patterns to understand phenological process and phenomena, current efforts to investigate the details of phenological trends, especially for natural phenological variations that occur on short time scales, are less well served by remote sensing challenges and lack of anisotropy correction in satellite data sources. The daily MODIS 500 m reflectance anisotropy product is employed to retrieve daily vegetation indices (VI) of a 1 year period for an almond orchard in California and for a winter wheat field in northeast China, as well as a 2 year period for a deciduous forest region in New Hampshire, USA. Compared with the ground records from these regions, the VI trajectories derived from the cloud-free and atmospherically corrected MODIS Nadir BRDF (bidirectional reflectance distribution function) adjusted reflectance (NBAR) capture not only the detailed footprint and principal attributes of the phenological events (such as flowering and blooming) but also the substantial inter-annual variability. This study demonstrates the utility of the daily 500 m MODIS reflectance anisotropy DB product to provide daily VI for monitoring and detecting changes of the natural vegetation phenology as exemplified by study regions comprising winter wheat, almond trees, and deciduous forest.
C1 [Shuai, Yanmin] NASA, ERT Inc, Biospher Sci Lab, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Schaaf, Crystal; Wang, Zhuosen] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Environm, Boston, MA 02125 USA.
[Zhang, Xiaoyang] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Zhang, Xiaoyang] NOAA, NESDIS, STAR, College Pk, MD USA.
[Strahler, Alan] Boston Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, Ctr Remote Sensing, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Roy, David] S Dakota State Univ, Geog Informat Sci Ctr Excellence, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Morisette, Jeffrey] US Geol Survey, DOI North Cent Climate Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA.
[Nightingale, Joanne; Nickeson, Jaime] NASA, Sigma Space Corp, Terr Informat Syst Lab, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Richardson, Andrew D.] Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Xie, Donghui; Wang, Jindi; Li, Xiaowen] Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
[Xie, Donghui; Wang, Jindi; Li, Xiaowen] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Remote Sensing Applicat, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Xie, Donghui; Wang, Jindi; Li, Xiaowen] Beijing Normal Univ, Beijing Key Lab Remote Sensing Environm & Digital, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
[Xie, Donghui; Wang, Jindi; Li, Xiaowen] Beijing Normal Univ, Sch Geog & Remote Sensing Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
[Strabala, Kathleen; Davies, James E.] UW Madison, SSEC, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Shuai, YM (reprint author), NASA, ERT Inc, Biospher Sci Lab, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM Yanmin.Shuai@nasa.gov
RI Zhang, Xiaoyang/E-3208-2010; Richardson, Andrew/F-5691-2011
OI Richardson, Andrew/0000-0002-0148-6714
FU NASA [NNX08AE94A]; State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science
[OFSLRSS201102]; National Science Foundation, through the Macrosystems
Biology programme [EF-1065029]; Northeastern States Research
Cooperative; US Geological Survey Status and Trends Program; US National
Park Service Inventory and Monitoring Program; USA National Phenology
Network through US Geological Survey [G10AP00129]
FX This work was supported by NASA NNX08AE94A. The authors would like to
thank researchers at the YCES (Yucheng Experiment Station, Chinese
Academic Sciences (CAS)), contributors to the blue diamond website
(http://www.bluediamond.com/applications/in-the-field), contributors to
the foliage network (http://www.foliagenetwork.net), researchers at the
Bartlett Experiment Forest site for providing the ground phenology
information, and a thorough and thoughtful review of the manuscript by
Jesslyn Brown, US Geological Survey. Dr Donghui Xie acknowledges support
from the open funding programme of the State Key Laboratory of Remote
Sensing Science (#OFSLRSS201102). Dr Andrew D. Richardson acknowledges
support from the National Science Foundation, through the Macrosystems
Biology programme, award EF-1065029; the Northeastern States Research
Cooperative; and the US Geological Survey Status and Trends Program, the
US National Park Service Inventory and Monitoring Program, and the USA
National Phenology Network through grant number G10AP00129 from the US
Geological Survey. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US
Government.
NR 70
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 63
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0143-1161
J9 INT J REMOTE SENS
JI Int. J. Remote Sens.
PD AUG 20
PY 2013
VL 34
IS 16
BP 5997
EP 6016
DI 10.1080/01431161.2013.803169
PG 20
WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
GA 161IZ
UT WOS:000320187700021
ER
PT J
AU Russoniello, CJ
Fernandez, C
Bratton, JF
Banaszak, JF
Krantz, DE
Andres, AS
Konikow, LF
Michael, HA
AF Russoniello, Christopher J.
Fernandez, Cristina
Bratton, John F.
Banaszak, Joel F.
Krantz, David E.
Andres, A. Scott
Konikow, Leonard F.
Michael, Holly A.
TI Geologic effects on groundwater salinity and discharge into an estuary
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Submarine groundwater discharge; Paleovalley; Seepage meter; Chirp
seismic; Continuous resistivity profiling
ID PORE-WATER EXCHANGE; INDIAN RIVER BAY; SUBTERRANEAN ESTUARY; COASTAL
OCEAN; SEEPAGE METER; WAQUOIT BAY; TEMPORAL VARIABILITY; SUBMARINE;
NITROGEN; INTERFACE
AB Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) can be an important pathway for transport of nutrients and contaminants to estuaries. A better understanding of the geologic and hydrologic controls on these fluxes is critical for their estimation and management. We examined geologic features, porewater salinity, and SGD rates and patterns at an estuarine study site. Seismic data showed the existence of paleovalleys infilled with estuarine mud and peat that extend hundreds of meters offshore. A low-salinity groundwater plume beneath this low-permeability fill was mapped with continuous resistivity profiling. Extensive direct SGD measurements with seepage meters (n = 551) showed fresh groundwater discharge patterns that correlated well with shallow porewater salinity and the hydrogeophysical framework. Small-scale variability in fresh and saline discharge indicates influence of meter-scale geologic heterogeneity, while site-scale discharge patterns are evidence of the influence of the paleovalley feature. Beneath the paleovalley fill, fresh groundwater flows offshore and mixes with saltwater before discharging along paleovalley flanks. On the adjacent drowned interfluve where low-permeability fill is absent, fresh groundwater discharge is focused at the shoreline. Shallow saltwater exchange was greatest across sandy sediments and where fresh SGD was low. The geologic control of groundwater flowpaths and discharge salinity demonstrated in this work are likely to affect geochemical reactions and the chemical loads delivered by SGD to coastal surface waters. Because similar processes are likely to exist in other estuaries where drowned paleovalleys commonly cross modern shorelines, the existence and implications of complex hydrogeology are important considerations for studies of groundwater fluxes and related management decisions. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Russoniello, Christopher J.; Fernandez, Cristina; Michael, Holly A.] Univ Delaware, Dept Geol Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Bratton, John F.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Banaszak, Joel F.; Krantz, David E.] Univ Toledo, Dept Environm Sci Geol & Ecol, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
[Andres, A. Scott] Univ Delaware, Delaware Geol Survey, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Konikow, Leonard F.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Michael, Holly A.] Univ Delaware, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
RP Michael, HA (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Geol Sci, 255 Acad St, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
EM hmichael@udel.edu
RI Michael, Holly/F-8447-2010;
OI Bratton, John/0000-0003-0376-4981
FU Center for the Inland Bays; National Science Foundation [EAR-0910756,
EAR-0911805]; Delaware Geological Survey; University of Delaware Water
Resources Center
FX We thank University of Delaware students and postdocs Andrew Musetto,
Kevin Myers, Deon Knights, James Heiss, Lindsay Byron, Md. Mahfuzur
Khan, Sean Krepski, Audrey Sawyer, Fang Tan, Nicholas Spalt, and Stephen
Gonski for assistance in the field. VeeAnn Cross of the US Geological
Survey provided invaluable assistance in geophysical data processing and
imaging. Donald Rosenberry of the US Geological Survey and three
anonymous reviewers provided insightful comments and reviews that
improved the manuscript. Programs within the Delaware Department of
Natural Resources and Environmental Control including the Water Supply
Section, Subaqueous Lands Section, and Division of Parks and Recreation
are thanked for their efforts to issue the necessary permits and for
providing access to facilities. We also thank Christopher Bason and the
Center for the Inland Bays for facilities and support. This work was
funded by the National Science Foundation (EAR-0910756 and EAR-0911805).
Additional financial support was provided by the Delaware Geological
Survey and the Undergraduate Internship Program of the University of
Delaware Water Resources Center. This is GLERL Contribution No. 1661.
NR 87
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 4
U2 42
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD AUG 19
PY 2013
VL 498
BP 1
EP 12
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.05.049
PG 12
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA 208OK
UT WOS:000323688800001
ER
PT J
AU Goodrich, LF
Cheggour, N
Stauffer, TC
Filla, BJ
Lu, XF
AF Goodrich, L. F.
Cheggour, N.
Stauffer, T. C.
Filla, B. J.
Lu, X. F.
TI Kiloampere, Variable-Temperature, Critical-Current Measurements of
High-Field Superconductors
SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND
TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE critical current; helium gas flow; magnesium-boride; niobium-tin;
niobium-titanium; superconducting wire; transport current; variable
temperature
ID CRITICAL CURRENT DENSITIES; HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS; HIGH
MAGNETIC-FIELDS; ITER NB3SN STRAND; MULTIFILAMENTARY SUPERCONDUCTORS;
DEPENDENCE; WIRES; PROBE; COMPOSITES; SULTAN
AB We review variable-temperature, transport critical-current (I-c) measurements made on commercial superconductors over a range of critical currents from less than 0.1 A to about 1 kA. We have developed and used a number of systems to make these measurements over the last 15 years. Two exemplary variable-temperature systems with coil sample geometries will be described: a probe that is only variable-temperature and a probe that is variable-temperature and variable-strain. The most significant challenge for these measurements is temperature stability, since large amounts of heat can be generated by the flow of high current through the resistive sample fixture. Therefore, a significant portion of this review is focused on the reduction of temperature errors to less than +/- 0.05 K in such measurements. A key feature of our system is a pre-regulator that converts a flow of liquid helium to gas and heats the gas to a temperature close to the target sample temperature. The pre-regulator is not in close proximity to the sample and it is controlled independently of the sample temperature. This allows us to independently control the total cooling power, and thereby fine tune the sample cooling power at any sample temperature. The same general temperature-control philosophy is used in all of our variable-temperature systems, but the addition of another variable, such as strain, forces compromises in design and results in some differences in operation and protocol. These aspects are analyzed to assess the extent to which the protocols for our systems might be generalized to other systems at other laboratories. Our approach to variable-temperature measurements is also placed in the general context of measurement-system design, and the perceived advantages and disadvantages of design choices are presented. To verify the accuracy of the variable-temperature measurements, we compared critical-current values obtained on a specimen immersed in liquid helium ("liquid" or I-c (liq)) at 5 K to those measured on the same specimen in flowing helium gas ("gas" or I-c (gas)) at the same temperature. These comparisons indicate the temperature control is effective over the superconducting wire length between the voltage taps, and this condition is valid for all types of sample investigated, including Nb-Ti, Nb3Sn, and MgB2 wires. The liquid/gas comparisons are used to study the variable-temperature measurement protocol that was necessary to obtain the "correct" critical current, which was assumed to be the I-c (liq). We also calibrated the magnetoresistance effect of resistive thermometers for temperatures from 4 K to 35 K and magnetic fields from 0 T to 16 T. This calibration reduces systematic errors in the variable-temperature data, but it does not affect the liquid/gas comparison since the same thermometers are used in both cases.
C1 [Goodrich, L. F.; Cheggour, N.; Lu, X. F.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Goodrich, L. F.; Cheggour, N.; Stauffer, T. C.; Lu, X. F.] NIST, Magnet Grp, Phys Measurement Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Filla, B. J.] NIST, Off Informat Syst Management, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Goodrich, LF (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM loren.goodrich@nist.gov; najib.cheggour@nist.gov;
theodore.stauffer@nist.gov; james.filla@nist.gov; xifeng.lu@nist.gov
FU U.S. International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) Project
Office; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Fusion Energy Sciences and
Office of High Energy Physics (HEP)
FX This work was supported in part by U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Fusion Energy Sciences and Office of High Energy Physics (HEP), and the
U.S. International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) Project
Office. The authors acknowledge Supercon1, Luvata Waterbury,
Oxford Superconductor Technology, Hyper Tech Research, and the U. S. HEP
Conductor Development Program for providing superconducting samples for
this study. The authors thank J. D. Splett for useful discussions, data
fitting, and review of this paper. We thank the following Summer
Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) students who helped develop
some of the software and hardware for this work: Joshua Williams, Robert
LiKamWa, and Ildiko Walker. We also thank Kimberly A. Goodrich for
instruction on document preparation.
NR 36
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 20
PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
PI WASHINGTON
PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA
SN 1044-677X
J9 J RES NATL INST STAN
JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol.
PD AUG 19
PY 2013
VL 118
BP 301
EP 352
DI 10.6028/jres.118.015
PG 52
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 224HU
UT WOS:000324874900001
PM 26401435
ER
PT J
AU Nakano, T
Afonso, LOB
Beckman, BR
Iwama, GK
Devlin, RH
AF Nakano, Toshiki
Afonso, Luis O. B.
Beckman, Brian R.
Iwama, George K.
Devlin, Robert H.
TI Acute Physiological Stress Down-Regulates mRNA Expressions of
Growth-Related Genes in Coho Salmon
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; YEAST PHAFFIA-RHODOZYMA; RAINBOW-TROUT;
FACTOR-I; IGF-I; OREOCHROMIS-MOSSAMBICUS; EXOGENOUS CORTISOL; HORMONE
RECEPTOR; CHANNEL CATFISH; SPARUS-AURATA
AB Growth and development in fish are regulated to a major extent by growth-related factors, such as liver-derived insulin-like growth factor (IGF) -1 in response to pituitary-secreted growth hormone (GH) binding to the GH receptor (GHR). Here, we report on the changes in the expressions of gh, ghr, and igf1 genes and the circulating levels of GH and IGF-1 proteins in juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in response to handling as an acute physiological stressor. Plasma GH levels were not significantly different between stressed fish and prestressed control. Plasma IGF-1 concentrations in stressed fish 1.5 h post-stress were the same as in control fish, but levels in stressed fish decreased significantly 16 h post-stress. Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis showed that ghr mRNA levels in pituitary, liver, and muscle decreased gradually in response to the stressor. After exposure to stress, hepatic igf1 expression transiently increased, whereas levels decreased 16 h post-stress. On the other hand, the pituitary gh mRNA level did not change in response to the stressor. These observations indicate that expression of gh, ghr, and igf1 responded differently to stress. Our results show that acute physiological stress can mainly down-regulate the expressions of growth-related genes in coho salmon in vivo. This study also suggests that a relationship between the neuroendocrine stress response and growth-related factors exists in fish.
C1 [Nakano, Toshiki] Tohoku Univ, Marine Biochem Lab, Grad Sch Agr Sci, Sendai, Miyagi 980, Japan.
[Afonso, Luis O. B.] Natl Res Council Canada, Inst Marine Biosci IMB NRC, Halifax, NS, Canada.
[Beckman, Brian R.] NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA USA.
[Iwama, George K.] Univ No British Columbia, Prince George, BC V2L 5P2, Canada.
[Devlin, Robert H.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, W Vancouver Lab, Ctr Aquaculture & Environm Res CAER DFO UBC, W Vancouver, BC V7V 1N6, Canada.
RP Nakano, T (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Marine Biochem Lab, Grad Sch Agr Sci, Sendai, Miyagi 980, Japan.
EM nakanot@bios.tohoku.ac.jp
RI Afonso, Luis/B-8171-2013
OI Afonso, Luis/0000-0002-5905-1131
FU Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) [23580277]
FX This work was supported in part by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research
(KAKENHI, #23580277) from Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
(JSPS) to TN. The funders had no role in study design, data collection
and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. No
additional external funding received for this study.
NR 59
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 24
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD AUG 19
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 8
AR e71421
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0071421
PG 7
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 205ER
UT WOS:000323425700050
PM 23990952
ER
PT J
AU Kochanski, A
Jenkins, MA
Sun, RY
Krueger, S
Abedi, S
Charney, J
AF Kochanski, Adam
Jenkins, Mary Ann
Sun, Ruiyu
Krueger, Steven
Abedi, Sepideh
Charney, Joseph
TI The importance of low-level environmental vertical wind shear to
wildfire propagation: Proof of concept
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE atmosphere-fire interaction; wind shear; fire dynamics; fire spread;
fire probability; fire plume
ID ATMOSPHERE-FIRE MODEL; DATA ASSIMILATION; GRASS FIRES; SPREAD;
SIMULATION; DYNAMICS; WEATHER
AB This study is a proof of concept of the sensitivity of grassfire propagation to vertical shear in the near-surface environmental flow found through four comparative grassfire numerical simulations with a coupled wildfire-atmosphere model. A unidirectional constant wind field, under neutral atmospheric conditions, no surface friction, Coriolis force or topography, and homogeneous fuel, prescribes the model environment. By using the same surface (at 6.2m above ground level) wind speed for all simulations, analyses of the results can suggest when the behavior and spread rate of the fire may depend more on the interaction of the fire plume with the shear in the above surface wind or more on the magnitude of the mean upstream surface wind speed at the surface. Three aspects of wildfire behavior are investigated: impact of unidirectional vertical shear on surface flow properties and fire line propagation; variability in fire spread and area burnt due to the evolution of the surface flow; and implications of low-level vertical wind shear on the prediction of wildfire, especially extreme or erratic, behavior.
C1 [Kochanski, Adam; Krueger, Steven; Abedi, Sepideh] Univ Utah, Dept Meteorol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Jenkins, Mary Ann] York Univ, Dept Earth & Space Sci & Engn, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.
[Sun, Ruiyu] Natl Ctr Environm Predict, Environm Modeling Ctr, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Charney, Joseph] US Forest Serv, North Cent Res Stn, E Lansing, MI USA.
RP Jenkins, MA (reprint author), York Univ, Dept Earth & Space Sci & Engn, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.
EM maj@yorku.ca
FU United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Research Joint
Venture Agreement [03-JV-11231300-08]; Department of Commerce, National
Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Fire Research Grants
Program [60NANB7D6144]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research
Council of Canada; NSF [CNS-0821794]; University of Colorado Boulder;
University of Colorado Denver; NCAR
FX This research was supported in part by United States Department of
Agriculture Forest Service Research Joint Venture Agreement
03-JV-11231300-08, in part by Department of Commerce, National Institute
of Standards and Technology (NIST), Fire Research Grants Program grant
60NANB7D6144, and in part by a grant from the Natural Sciences and
Engineering Research Council of Canada. A gratis grant of computer time
from the Center for High Performance Computing, The University of Utah,
is gratefully acknowledged. This work partially utilized the Janus
supercomputer, supported by the NSF grant CNS-0821794, the University of
Colorado Boulder, University of Colorado Denver, and NCAR. We thank
reviewers for their helpful comments and suggestions. The study and
manuscript have benefitted from the resulting changes.
NR 38
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 6
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD AUG 16
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 15
BP 8238
EP 8252
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50436
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 213DA
UT WOS:000324032900009
ER
PT J
AU Gill, EC
Chase, TN
Sr, RA
Wolter, K
AF Gill, Emily C.
Chase, Thomas N.
Pielke, Roger A., Sr.
Wolter, Klaus
TI Northern Hemisphere summer temperature and specific humidity anomalies
from two reanalyses
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE climate; climatology; extreme events; hydroclimatology; time series
analysis
ID WATER-VAPOR; HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PROJECT; TRENDS
AB This study investigates the magnitude and spatial extent of extreme summer temperature and specific humidity events in the extratropical northern hemisphere (NHEXT) using the NCEP Reanalysis (1979-2012) and the 20(th) century reanalysis (1871-2010). Specifically, we look at the percentage of area exceeding standard deviation thresholds in layer-averaged (500mb-1000mb) temperature and surface-level specific humidity to classify extremes. We find that: (1) areas of the NHEXT, including the southwestern tip of Greenland, experienced a summer heat wave during 2012 that was almost as extreme in spatial extent and magnitude as the Russian heat wave of 2010, (2) there is an increasing trend in summer heat waves and positive specific humidity anomalies and a decreasing trend in summer cold waves and negative specific humidity anomalies, and (3) while similar patterns in the global trend (1979-2012) in variability exist for both temperature and specific humidity, areas of increased variability are not necessarily the areas that have experienced extreme heat waves.
C1 [Gill, Emily C.; Chase, Thomas N.; Pielke, Roger A., Sr.; Wolter, Klaus] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Gill, Emily C.; Pielke, Roger A., Sr.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Wolter, Klaus] NOAA, Div Phys Sci, ESRL, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Gill, EC (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, UCB 216, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM emily.gill@colorado.edu
RI Wolter, Klaus/D-5988-2015
FU National Science Foundation GK-12 [0946502]; University of Colorado's
Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering; NSF
[AGS 1219833]
FX We thank the University of Colorado's Cooperative Institute for Research
in Environmental Science, Dr. Balaji Rajagopalan, and Alex Robershotte
for their contributions and support in this project. Thank you to
Gilbert Compo and Chesley McColl at NOAA's ESRL Physical Sciences
Division for your assistance with the 20th Century reanalysis. We also
thank the Integrated Teaching and Learning Program under the National
Science Foundation GK-12 grant 0946502 as well as the University of
Colorado's Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural
Engineering for funding during this project. Roger Pielke Sr. also
received support from NSF Project AGS 1219833.
NR 33
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 9
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD AUG 16
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 15
BP 8297
EP 8305
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50635
PG 9
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 213DA
UT WOS:000324032900013
ER
PT J
AU Barth, MC
Cochran, AK
Fiddler, MN
Roberts, JM
Bililign, S
AF Barth, M. C.
Cochran, A. K.
Fiddler, M. N.
Roberts, J. M.
Bililign, S.
TI Numerical modeling of cloud chemistry effects on isocyanic acid (HNCO)
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE cloud chemistry
ID BOUNDARY-LAYER; ATMOSPHERE; COMBUSTION; SIMULATION; EMISSIONS; KINETICS;
EXHAUST
AB Isocyanic acid (HNCO), a product of some combustion processes, can potentially have negative human health effects. While gas phase HNCO loss processes are slow, HNCO loss in the aqueous phase is much faster. The fate of HNCO is studied for different cloud chemistry conditions using a zero-dimensional chemical box model. Exposure to clouds reduces HNCO concentrations substantially under typical cumulus cloud conditions, resulting in the chemical lifetime of HNCO dropping to similar to 2h compared to clear-sky conditions of several years. The effect of clouds on HNCO is strongly dependent on the pH and temperature, with more HNCO hydrolyzed at lower pH (more acidic drops) and higher temperatures. Thus, HNCO is most efficiently removed by fog or low-level stratus clouds and least efficiently removed under middle to upper troposphere conditions where cumulonimbus and pyrocumulus clouds reside. Deliquesced aerosols may be highly efficient at reducing HNCO concentrations.
C1 [Barth, M. C.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Cochran, A. K.] North Carolina A&T State Univ, Greensboro, NC USA.
[Fiddler, M. N.; Bililign, S.] North Carolina A&T State Univ, NOAA ISET Ctr, Greensboro, NC USA.
[Roberts, J. M.] NOAA, Div Chem Sci, ESRL, Boulder, CO USA.
[Bililign, S.] North Carolina A&T State Univ, Dept Phys, Greensboro, NC USA.
RP Barth, MC (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
EM barthm@ucar.edu
RI Roberts, James/A-1082-2009; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Roberts, James/0000-0002-8485-8172;
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) [NA06OAR4810187];
National Science Foundation (NSF) [ATM0803016]; NOAA; NSF
FX This work was supported in part by both the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA award NA06OAR4810187) and the National
Science Foundation (NSF award ATM0803016). The NOAA work was supported
by NOAA's Climate and Health of the Atmosphere programs. The National
Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by NSF. Comments on the
manuscript by Louisa Emmons and Geoffrey Tyndall are greatly
appreciated. We thank Paul Wennberg (California Institute of Technology)
for sharing his findings of HNCO mixing ratios for the DC3 22 June case.
NR 35
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 19
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD AUG 16
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 15
BP 8688
EP 8701
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50661
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 213DA
UT WOS:000324032900040
ER
PT J
AU Riedel, TP
Wagner, NL
Dube, WP
Middlebrook, AM
Young, CJ
Ozturk, F
Bahreini, R
VandenBoer, TC
Wolfe, DE
Williams, EJ
Roberts, JM
Brown, SS
Thornton, JA
AF Riedel, Theran P.
Wagner, Nicholas L.
Dube, William P.
Middlebrook, Ann M.
Young, Cora J.
Ozturk, Fatma
Bahreini, Roya
VandenBoer, Trevor C.
Wolfe, Daniel E.
Williams, Eric J.
Roberts, James M.
Brown, Steven S.
Thornton, Joel A.
TI Chlorine activation within urban or power plant plumes: Vertically
resolved ClNO2 and Cl-2 measurements from a tall tower in a polluted
continental setting
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE NACHTT; ClNO2; nitryl chloride; yields; N2O5; Cl-2
ID SEA-SALT AEROSOL; MARINE BOUNDARY-LAYER; HYDROGEN-CHLORIDE; AQUEOUS
AEROSOLS; SULFATE AEROSOLS; N2O5 REACTIVITY; UNITED-STATES; GASEOUS
N2O5; OZONE; HYDROLYSIS
AB Nitryl chloride (ClNO2) is a chlorine atom source and reactive nitrogen reservoir formed during the night by heterogeneous reactions of dinitrogen pentoxide on chloride-containing aerosol particles. The main factors that influence ClNO2 production include nitrogen oxides, ozone, aerosol surface area, soluble chloride, and ambient relative humidity. Regions with strong anthropogenic activity therefore have large ClNO2 formation potential even inland of coastal regions due to transport or local emissions of soluble chloride. As part of the Nitrogen, Aerosol Composition, and Halogens on a Tall Tower field study, we report wintertime vertically resolved ClNO2 and molecular chlorine (Cl-2) measurements taken on a 300 m tall tower located at NOAA's Boulder Atmospheric Observatory in Weld County, CO, during February and March of 2011. Gas and particle phase measurements aboard the tower carriage allowed for a detailed description of the chemical state of the nocturnal atmosphere as a function of height. These observations show significant vertical structure in ClNO2 and Cl-2 mixing ratios that undergo dynamic changes over the course of a night. Using these measurements, we focus on two distinct combustion plume events where ClNO2 mixing ratios reached 600 and 1300 parts per trillion by volume, respectively, aloft of the nocturnal surface layer. We infer ClNO2 yields from N2O5-aerosol reactions using both observational constraints and box modeling. The derived yields in these plumes suggest efficient ClNO2 production compared to the campaign average, where in-plume yields range from 0.3 to 1; the campaign average yield in the boundary layer is 0.05 +/- 0.15, with substantial night-to-night and within night variability similar to previous measurements in this region.
C1 [Riedel, Theran P.; Thornton, Joel A.] Univ Washington, Dept Chem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Riedel, Theran P.; Thornton, Joel A.] Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Wagner, Nicholas L.; Dube, William P.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Wagner, Nicholas L.; Dube, William P.; Middlebrook, Ann M.; Wolfe, Daniel E.; Williams, Eric J.; Roberts, James M.; Brown, Steven S.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Young, Cora J.] Mem Univ Newfoundland, Dept Chem, St John, NF A1B 3X7, Canada.
[Ozturk, Fatma] Abant Izzet Baysal Univ, Dept Environm Engn, Bolu, Turkey.
[Bahreini, Roya] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
[VandenBoer, Trevor C.] Univ Toronto, Dept Chem, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada.
RP Thornton, JA (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, 408 ATG Bldg Box 351640, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM thornton@atmos.washington.edu
RI VandenBoer, Trevor/F-1032-2011; Wagner, Nicholas/E-7437-2010; Roberts,
James/A-1082-2009; Brown, Steven/I-1762-2013; Young, Cora/A-4551-2010;
Middlebrook, Ann/E-4831-2011; Thornton, Joel/C-1142-2009; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015
OI VandenBoer, Trevor/0000-0001-8926-4237; Roberts,
James/0000-0002-8485-8172; Young, Cora/0000-0002-6908-5829; Middlebrook,
Ann/0000-0002-2984-6304; Thornton, Joel/0000-0002-5098-4867;
FU National Science Foundation (NSF CAREER) [ATM-0846183]; National
Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA NESSF) [NNX10AN48H]
FX This work was supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation
(NSF CAREER ATM-0846183 to J.A.T). T. P. R. is grateful for an Earth
System Science graduate fellowship from the National Aeronautics and
Space Administration (NASA NESSF NNX10AN48H). We also thank Charles
Brock for providing aerosol surface area measurements.
NR 49
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 7
U2 70
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD AUG 16
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 15
BP 8702
EP 8715
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50637
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 213DA
UT WOS:000324032900041
ER
PT J
AU Bryant, AC
Painter, TH
Deems, JS
Bender, SM
AF Bryant, Ann C.
Painter, Thomas H.
Deems, Jeffrey S.
Bender, Stacie M.
TI Impact of dust radiative forcing in snow on accuracy of operational
runoff prediction in the Upper Colorado River Basin
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE dust; radiative forcing; streamflow; snow hydrology; MODIS
ID ENERGY-BALANCE; CLIMATE; DEPOSITION; ALBEDO; REGION; MODEL
AB Accurate prediction of snowmelt runoff is critical in the US Intermountain West, where water demand is increasing and snow patterns are shifting. Here, we show that errors in the National Weather Service Colorado Basin River Forecast Center's operational streamflow predictions are correlated with the interannual variability of dust radiative forcing in snow. With data from 2000-2010, we show that errors in snowmelt period streamflow prediction for the southern Colorado Rockies are linearly related to melt period dust radiative forcing in snow as inferred from NASA Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer data, which ranged interannually from 20 to 80 W m(-2). Each 10 W m(-2) change of melt period dust forcing resulted in a corresponding change in runoff prediction bias of 10.0% +/- 1.5% and a 1.5 +/- 0.6 day shift in runoff center of mass. Accounting for bias introduced by dust forcing could improve streamflow prediction in regions prone to dust deposition in the snowpack.
C1 [Bryant, Ann C.] Univ Utah, Dept Geog, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Painter, Thomas H.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Deems, Jeffrey S.] Natl Snow & Ice Data Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.
[Deems, Jeffrey S.] NOAA Western Water Assessment, Boulder, CO USA.
[Bender, Stacie M.] NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Colorado Basin River Forecast Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
RP Bryant, AC (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Geog, 260 S Cent Campus Dr,Rm 270, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
EM anniebryant@gmail.com
RI Painter, Thomas/B-7806-2016; Deems, Jeffrey/E-6484-2016
OI Deems, Jeffrey/0000-0002-3265-8670
FU NASA [NNX10A097G, NNX09A038HS01]; NASA Applied Sciences program
FX This work was funded by NASA projects NNX10A097G and NNX09A038HS01 and
the NASA Applied Sciences program. Part of this work was performed at
the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under
a contract with NASA.
NR 24
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 35
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD AUG 16
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 15
BP 3945
EP 3949
DI 10.1002/grl.50773
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 208EO
UT WOS:000323660000031
ER
PT J
AU Merlis, TM
Zhao, M
Held, IM
AF Merlis, Timothy M.
Zhao, Ming
Held, Isaac M.
TI The sensitivity of hurricane frequency to ITCZ changes and radiatively
forced warming in aquaplanet simulations
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE tropical cyclones; hurricanes; climate change
ID TROPICAL CYCLONES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; IDEALIZED GCM; PRECIPITATION;
CIRCULATION; MODEL
AB The response of hurricane frequency to climate changes in an aquaplanet configuration of a 50-km resolution atmospheric general circulation model is examined. The lower boundary condition is an energetically consistent slab ocean with a prescribed cross-equatorial ocean heat flux, which breaks the hemispheric symmetry and moves the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) off the equator. In this idealized configuration, hurricane frequency increases in response to radiatively forced warming. The ITCZ shifts poleward when the model is warmed with fixed cross-equatorial ocean heat flux, and it is argued that the increase in hurricane frequency results from this poleward shift. Varying the imposed cross-equatorial ocean heat flux amplitude with fixed radiative forcing can isolate the effect of ITCZ shifts. If an increase in radiative forcing is accompanied by a reduction in the ocean heat flux amplitude such that the position of the ITCZ is unchanged, the simulated hurricane frequency decreases under warmed conditions.
C1 [Merlis, Timothy M.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Merlis, Timothy M.] Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Zhao, Ming] UCAR, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Held, Isaac M.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
RP Merlis, TM (reprint author), McGill Univ, 805 Sherbrooke St West, Montreal, PQ H3A 2K6, Canada.
EM timothy.merlis@mcgill.ca
RI Zhao, Ming/C-6928-2014
FU Princeton Center for Theoretical Science fellowship; DOE [DE-SC0006841]
FX This work was supported by a Princeton Center for Theoretical Science
fellowship and by DOE grant DE-SC0006841. We thank Andrew Ballinger for
helpful discussions and Tom Knutson and Steve Garner for comments an
earlier draft.
NR 23
TC 21
Z9 22
U1 3
U2 14
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD AUG 16
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 15
BP 4109
EP 4114
DI 10.1002/grl.50680
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 208EO
UT WOS:000323660000060
ER
PT J
AU Yun, YX
Penner, JE
AF Yun, Yuxing
Penner, Joyce E.
TI An evaluation of the potential radiative forcing and climatic impact of
marine organic aerosols as heterogeneous ice nuclei
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE marine organic aerosols; ice nucleation; global modeling; radiative
forcing; climatic impact
ID SEA-SPRAY AEROSOL; EMPIRICAL PARAMETERIZATION; GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION;
NUCLEATION; MODEL; CLOUD; MICROPHYSICS; PARTICLES; SALT; IMPROVEMENTS
AB Observational evidence demonstrates that marine organic aerosols (MOA) are able to act as ice nuclei. MOA explains a substantial portion of the submicron marine aerosol, so that they have the potential to effectively influence marine cloud microphysics and cloud radiative forcing. This study provides the first evaluation of the radiative forcing and climatic impact of marine organic aerosols as ice nuclei on a global scale. MOA is implemented into a coupled aerosol and general circulation model. It is found that MOA contributes to more ice formation than dust or black carbon/organic matter in mixed-phase clouds. They also have a significant impact on the ice water path in the Southern Hemisphere and therefore could be an important missing source of ice nuclei in current models. The addition of MOA as natural heterogeneous ice nuclei reduces the magnitude of the total top-of-atmosphere anthropogenic aerosol forcing by as much as 0.3 W/m(2).
C1 [Yun, Yuxing; Penner, Joyce E.] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Yun, YX (reprint author), Princeton Univ, AOS Program, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, 300 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
EM Yuxing.Yun@noaa.gov
RI Penner, Joyce/J-1719-2012
NR 36
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 3
U2 29
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD AUG 16
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 15
BP 4121
EP 4126
DI 10.1002/grl.50794
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 208EO
UT WOS:000323660000062
ER
PT J
AU Chen, J
Wang, FF
Huang, QZ
Hu, L
Song, XP
Deng, JX
Yu, RB
Xing, XR
AF Chen, Jun
Wang, Fangfang
Huang, Qingzhen
Hu, Lei
Song, Xiping
Deng, Jinxia
Yu, Ranbo
Xing, Xianran
TI Effectively control negative thermal expansion of single-phase
ferroelectrics of PbTiO3-(Bi,La)FeO3 over a giant range
SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY; SPONTANEOUS POLARIZATION; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; TEMPERATURE;
TRANSITIONS; PEROVSKITES; COMPOSITES; PBTIO3; BIFEO3
AB Control of negative thermal expansion is a fundamentally interesting topic in the negative thermal expansion materials in order for the future applications. However, it is a challenge to control the negative thermal expansion in individual pure materials over a large scale. Here, we report an effective way to control the coefficient of thermal expansion from a giant negative to a near zero thermal expansion by means of adjusting the spontaneous volume ferroelectrostriction (SVFS) in the system of PbTiO3-(Bi, La)FeO3 ferroelectrics. The adjustable range of thermal expansion contains most negative thermal expansion materials. The abnormal property of negative or zero thermal expansion previously observed in ferroelectrics is well understood according to the present new concept of spontaneous volume ferroelectrostriction. The present studies could be useful to control of thermal expansion of ferroelectrics, and could be extended to multiferroic materials whose properties of both ferroelectricity and magnetism are coupled with thermal expansion.
C1 [Chen, Jun; Wang, Fangfang; Hu, Lei; Deng, Jinxia; Yu, Ranbo; Xing, Xianran] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Dept Phys Chem, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
[Chen, Jun; Xing, Xianran] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv Met, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
[Huang, Qingzhen] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Song, Xiping] Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, State Key Lab Adv Met & Mat, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
RP Chen, J (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol Beijing, Dept Phys Chem, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
EM junchen@ustb.edu.cn; xing@ustb.edu.cn
RI Yu, Ranbo/M-1308-2014; Chen, Jun/M-1669-2015
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [91022016, 21031005,
21231001]; Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team
in University [IRT1207]; Foundation for the Author of National Excellent
Doctoral Dissertation of PR China [201039]; Fok Ying Tung Education
Foundation [131047]; Program for New Century Excellent Talents in
University [NCET-11-0573]
FX This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China
(Grant Nos. 91022016, 21031005, 21231001), Program for Changjiang
Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (IRT1207), the
Foundation for the Author of National Excellent Doctoral Dissertation of
PR China (201039), Fok Ying Tung Education Foundation (131047), and
Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (NCET-11-0573).
Thanks Prof. Wentong Geng for the supporting on the first-principle
calculations.
NR 36
TC 23
Z9 24
U1 5
U2 76
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2045-2322
J9 SCI REP-UK
JI Sci Rep
PD AUG 16
PY 2013
VL 3
AR 2458
DI 10.1038/srep02458
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 201NJ
UT WOS:000323148000003
PM 23949238
ER
PT J
AU Cencek, W
Garberoglio, G
Harvey, AH
McLinden, MO
Szalewicz, K
AF Cencek, Wojciech
Garberoglio, Giovanni
Harvey, Allan H.
McLinden, Mark O.
Szalewicz, Krzysztof
TI Three-Body Nonadditive Potential for Argon with Estimated Uncertainties
and Third Virial Coefficient
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
LA English
DT Article
ID CORRELATED MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS;
EQUATION-OF-STATE; ADAPTED PERTURBATION-THEORY; 1ST-PRINCIPLES
CALCULATION; DISPERSION COEFFICIENTS; TEMPERATURE METROLOGY; 1ST
PRINCIPLES; ATOMS ALUMINUM; WATER TRIMER
AB The three-body nonadditive interaction energy between argon atoms was calculated at 300 geometries using coupled cluster methods up to single, double, triple, and noniterative quadruple excitations [CCSDT(Q)], and including the core correlation and relativistic effects. The uncertainty of the calculated energy was estimated at each geometry. The analytic function fitted to the energies is currently the most accurate three-body argon potential. Values of the third virial coefficient C(T) with full account of quantum effects were computed from 80 to 10000 K by a path-integral Monte Carlo method. The calculation made use of an existing high-quality pair potential [Patkowski, K.; Szalewicz, K. J. Chem. Phys. 2010, 133, 094304] and of the three-body potential derived in the present work. Uncertainties in the potential were propagated to estimate uncertainties in C(T). The results were compared with available experimental data, including some values of C(T) newly derived in this work from previously published high-accuracy density measurements. Our results are generally consistent with the available experimental data in the limited range of temperatures where data exist, but at many conditions, especially at higher temperatures, the uncertainties of our calculated values are smaller than the uncertainties of the experimental values.
C1 [Cencek, Wojciech; Szalewicz, Krzysztof] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Garberoglio, Giovanni] FBK-CMM, Interdisciplinary Lab Computat Sci LISC, I-38123 Povo, Italy.
[Garberoglio, Giovanni] Univ Trento, I-38123 Povo, Italy.
[Harvey, Allan H.; McLinden, Mark O.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Cencek, W (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
OI Garberoglio, Giovanni/0000-0002-9201-2716
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; Alexander von Humboldt
Foundation, Germany; [FA9550-12-1-0483]
FX This work has been partially supported by the Air Force Office of
Scientific Research through Grant No. FA9550-12-1-0483 (R.H. and J.F.S).
I.U. acknowledges the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Germany, for
support through a Feodor Lynen Fellowship.
NR 63
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 5
U2 33
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1089-5639
J9 J PHYS CHEM A
JI J. Phys. Chem. A
PD AUG 15
PY 2013
VL 117
IS 32
BP 7542
EP 7552
DI 10.1021/jp4018579
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 203NV
UT WOS:000323300800070
PM 23656531
ER
PT J
AU Zimmerman, BE
Pibida, L
King, LE
Bergeron, DE
Cessna, JT
Mille, MM
AF Zimmerman, B. E.
Pibida, L.
King, L. E.
Bergeron, D. E.
Cessna, J. T.
Mille, M. M.
TI Calibration of Traceable Solid Mock I-131 Phantoms Used in an
International SPECT Image Quantification Comparison
SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND
TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE barium-133; iodine-131; SPECT; standards; traceability
ID WEIGHTED MEANS STATISTICS; THYROID-CARCINOMA; DETECTORS; THERAPIES
AB The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has organized an international comparison to assess Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) image quantification capabilities in 12 countries. Iodine-131 was chosen as the radionuclide for the comparison because of its wide use around the world, but for logistical reasons solid Ba-133 sources were used as a long-lived surrogate for I-131. For this study, we designed a set of solid cylindrical sources so that each site could have a set of phantoms (having nominal volumes of 2 mL, 4 mL, 6 mL, and 23 mL) with traceable activity calibrations so that the results could be properly compared. We also developed a technique using two different detection methods for individually calibrating the sources for Ba-133 activity based on a National standard. This methodology allows for the activity calibration of each Ba-133 source with a standard uncertainty on the activity of 1.4 % for the high-level 2-, 4-, and 6-mL sources and 1.7 % for the lower-level 23 mL cylinders. This level of uncertainty allows for these sources to be used for the intended comparison exercise, as well as in other SPECT image quantification studies.
C1 [Zimmerman, B. E.; Pibida, L.; King, L. E.; Bergeron, D. E.; Cessna, J. T.; Mille, M. M.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Mille, M. M.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Nucl Engn & Engn Phys Program, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
RP Zimmerman, BE (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM brian.zimmerman@nist.gov; leticia.pibida@nist.gov; lynne.king@nist.gov;
denis.bergeron@nist.gov; jeffrey.cessna@nist.gov; matthew.mille@nist.gov
RI Bergeron, Denis/I-4332-2013
OI Bergeron, Denis/0000-0003-1150-7950
FU DOE Office of Nuclear Energy's Nuclear Energy University Programs
FX Mr. Mille was funded by a graduate fellowship from the DOE Office of
Nuclear Energy's Nuclear Energy University Programs.
NR 26
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
PI WASHINGTON
PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA
SN 1044-677X
J9 J RES NATL INST STAN
JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol.
PD AUG 15
PY 2013
VL 118
BP 359
EP 374
DI 10.6028/jres.118.017
PG 16
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 224HY
UT WOS:000324875400001
PM 26401437
ER
PT J
AU Heberle, DA
Levine, ZH
AF Heberle, Dylan A.
Levine, Zachary H.
TI Polarization-Entangled Photon Pairs From Periodically-Poled Crystalline
Waveguides Over a Range of Frequencies
SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND
TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE entangled photons; frequency and angle tuning; periodically-poled
waveguide; Rb: KTP (rubium doped potassium titanyl phosphate)
ID KTIOPO4; GENERATION; TELEPORTATION; CONVERSION
AB We propose a method to extend the frequency range of polarization entanglement in periodically poled rubidium-doped potassium titanyl phosphate (Rb:KTP) waveguides. Our calculations predict that output wavelengths from 1130 nm to 1257 nm may be achieved using Rb:KTP by the appropriate selection of a direction of propagation for the waveguide. The fidelity using a poling period of 1 mm is approximately 0.98.
C1 [Heberle, Dylan A.] Rochester Inst Technol, Rochester, NY 14623 USA.
[Heberle, Dylan A.; Levine, Zachary H.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Heberle, DA (reprint author), Rochester Inst Technol, 1 Lomb Mem Dr, Rochester, NY 14623 USA.
EM zachary.levine@nist.gov
FU NIGMS NIH HHS [T32 GM008267]
NR 27
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 7
PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
PI WASHINGTON
PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA
SN 1044-677X
J9 J RES NATL INST STAN
JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol.
PD AUG 15
PY 2013
VL 118
BP 375
EP 380
DI 10.6028/jres.118.018
PG 6
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 224HY
UT WOS:000324875400002
PM 26401438
ER
PT J
AU Evans, W
Mathis, JT
AF Evans, Wiley
Mathis, Jeremy T.
TI The Gulf of Alaska coastal ocean as an atmospheric CO2 sink
SO CONTINENTAL SHELF RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Sea-air CO2 fluxes; Coastal processes; Gulf of Alaska
ID FRESH-WATER DISCHARGE; NORTHERN GULF; PARTIAL-PRESSURE; CARBON-DIOXIDE;
SHELF; PACIFIC; PCO(2); PHYTOPLANKTON; VARIABILITY; FLUXES
AB A new data set of directly measured surface seawater carbon dioxide partial pressures (pCO(2)) was compiled for the Gulf of Alaska (GOA) coastal ocean. Using this information, along with reconstructed atmospheric pCO(2) data, we calculate sea-air CO2 fluxes over two interconnected domains: the coastal ocean defined by the Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT) Continental Margin Mask, and the continental margin shoreward of the 1500 m isobath. The continental margin in this region lies within the coastal ocean. Climatological sea-air CO2 fluxes were calculated by constructing monthly climatologies of sea-air pCO(2) difference (Delta pCO(2)), sea surface temperature, salinity, and CO2 solubility, coupled with the monthly second moment of wind speeds from the Scatterometer Climatology of Ocean Winds (SCOW; http://cioss.coas.oregonstate.edu/scow). Climatological sea-air CO2 fluxes showed instances of atmospheric CO2 uptake and outgassing in both domains for nearly all months; however, uptake dominated from April through November, with distinct spring and autumn peaks that coincided with periods of strong winds and undersaturated surface seawater pCO(2) with respect to atmospheric levels. Atmospheric CO2 uptake during the spring and autumn peaks was stronger on the continental margin compared with the coastal ocean. Annual mean area-weighted fluxes for the coastal ocean and continental margin were -2.5 and -4 mmol CO2 m(-2) d(-1), respectively. Scaling these annual means by the respective surface areas of each domain resulted in estimates of substantial atmospheric CO2 uptake between 34 and 14 Tg C yr(-1). This region is a large sink for atmospheric CO2, which impacts the current view of weak net CO2 emission from coastal waters surrounding North America. (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Evans, Wiley; Mathis, Jeremy T.] Univ Alaska, Ocean Acidificat Res Ctr, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.
[Evans, Wiley; Mathis, Jeremy T.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Evans, W (reprint author), NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM wiley.evans@alaska.edu
FU National Science Foundation [ARC-1107997]; North Pacific Research Board
[426]; Alaska Ocean Observing System under NOAA [A08NOS4730406,
NA11NOS0120020]
FX The authors would like to thank the many contributors of pCO2
data to CDIAC, as well as the Principle Investigators, Captains and
Crews of the vessels that supported the underway pCO2 systems
that collected data used in this synthesis. We also thank Taro Takahashi
(LDEO) and Simon Alin (Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory) for
providing their data from the GOA. We acknowledge SOCAT for providing
the Continental Margin Mask used to define the coastal ocean. We thank
Natalie Monacci and Sylvia Musielewicz for their work in providing data
from the GAKOA buoy platform. We are very grateful to our funding
sources: the National Science Foundation (ARC-1107997), the North
Pacific Research Board (NPRB publication no. 426), and the Alaska Ocean
Observing System under NOAA awards A08NOS4730406 and NA11NOS0120020. We
also would like to thank Dorothee Bakker and one anonymous reviewer for
their constructive and thoughtful comments that greatly helped to
improve this manuscript.
NR 55
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 19
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0278-4343
EI 1873-6955
J9 CONT SHELF RES
JI Cont. Shelf Res.
PD AUG 15
PY 2013
VL 65
BP 52
EP 63
DI 10.1016/j.csr.2013.06.013
PG 12
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 215RG
UT WOS:000324227400005
ER
PT J
AU Roberts, MA
Sharp-Williams, EN
Nesbitt, DJ
AF Roberts, Melanie A.
Sharp-Williams, Erin N.
Nesbitt, David J.
TI High-Resolution Direct-Absorption Spectroscopy of Hydroxymethyl Radical
in the CH Symmetric Stretching Region
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
LA English
DT Article
ID MULTIPHOTON IONIZATION SPECTROSCOPY; PHOTOIONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY;
ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE; 3P RYDBERG STATE; VIBRATIONAL ENERGIES;
POLYATOMIC-MOLECULES; METHYL FORMATE; CH2OH RADICALS; REACTION-PATH;
AB-INITIO
AB High-resolution, fully rotationally resolved direct absorption spectra of hydroxymethyl radical, CH2OH, are presented in the infrared CH stretching region. As a result of low rotational temperatures and sub-Doppler linewidths obtained in the slit supersonic expansion, the K-a = 0 <- 0 band of the symmetric CH stretch for CH2OH has been unambiguously identified and analyzed. By way of chemical confirmation, hydroxymethyl radical is generated via two different slit jet discharge syntheses: (i) direct dissociation of CH3OH to form CH2OH and (ii) dissociation of Cl-2 followed by the radical H atom extraction reaction Cl + CH3OH -> HCl + CH2OH. The identified transitions are fit to a Watson A-reduced symmetric top Hamiltonian to yield first precision experimental values for the ground state rotational constants as well as improved values for the symmetric stretch rotational constants and vibrational band origin. The results both complement and substantially improve upon spectral efforts via previous double resonance ionization detected infrared methods by Feng et al. [J. Phys. Chem. A, 2004, 108, 7093], as well as offer high-resolution predictions for laboratory and astronomical detection of hydroxymethyl radical in the millimeter-wave region.
C1 [Nesbitt, David J.] Univ Colorado, NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Nesbitt, DJ (reprint author), Univ Colorado, NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
OI Reber, Melanie/0000-0002-4991-3252
FU Department of Energy [DE-FG02-09ER16021]; National Science Foundation
[CHE 1012685, PHY 1125844]
FX This work was supported by grants from the Department of Energy
(DE-FG02-09ER16021), with initial funds for construction of the slit jet
laser spectrometer provided by the National Science Foundation (CHE
1012685 and PHY 1125844).
NR 72
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 6
U2 32
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1089-5639
J9 J PHYS CHEM A
JI J. Phys. Chem. A
PD AUG 15
PY 2013
VL 117
IS 32
BP 7042
EP 7049
DI 10.1021/jp312877k
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 203NV
UT WOS:000323300800015
PM 23470104
ER
PT J
AU Lehnert, H
Stone, RP
AF Lehnert, Helmut
Stone, Robert P.
TI Four new species of Haplosclerida (Porifera, Demospongiae) from the
Aleutian Islands, Alaska
SO ZOOTAXA
LA English
DT Article
DE Callyspongiidae; Chalinidae; Callyspongia; Cladocroce; Aleutian Islands;
North Pacific; Alaska
AB Four new species of Haplosclerida are described from the Aleutian Islands, Alaska: Callyspongia mucosa n.sp., Cladocroce infundibulum n. sp., Cladocroce attu n. sp. and Cladocroce kiska n. sp. The new species are described and compared to congeners of the region. This is the northernmost record of the genus Callyspongia and the first record of the subgenus Callyspongia from the North Pacific Ocean. To accommodate Cladocroce kiska in its genus the definition has to be broadened to allow sigmas.
C1 [Stone, Robert P.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Auke Bay Labs, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
RP Lehnert, H (reprint author), Eichenstr 14, D-86507 Oberottmarshausen, Germany.
EM Lehnert@spongetaxonomics.de; bob.stone@noaa.gov
FU Alaska Fisheries Science Center of NOAA/NMFS
FX We thank Jim Stark, Jay Orr and the crew of the FV Ocean Explorer for
collecting the specimens. Many thanks to the Zoologische Staatssammlung,
Munchen, for providing access to the SEM, especially thanks to Enrico
Schwabe for help operating the SEM. Light microscopical photos where
made at the Institute for Developmental Biology, University of Erlangen.
Thanks to Wolfgang Heimler for providing access. We thank David Drumm
(Alaska Fisheries Science Center, RACE) for providing Figure 1. Helmut
Lehnert was supported by a contract from the Alaska Fisheries Science
Center of NOAA/NMFS. We thank two anonymous reviewers for their helpful
comments. The findings and conclusions in this paper are those of the
authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National
Marine Fisheries Service.
NR 20
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 10
PU MAGNOLIA PRESS
PI AUCKLAND
PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND
SN 1175-5326
EI 1175-5334
J9 ZOOTAXA
JI Zootaxa
PD AUG 15
PY 2013
VL 3700
IS 4
BP 573
EP 582
PG 10
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 200YD
UT WOS:000323106600005
PM 26106744
ER
PT J
AU Cox, AM
Goodwin, KD
AF Cox, Annie M.
Goodwin, Kelly D.
TI Sample preparation methods for quantitative detection of DNA by
molecular assays and marine biosensors
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Sample preparation; Inhibition; DNA extraction; SCODA; Environmental
sample processor; ESP; qPCR
ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; REAL-TIME PCR; FECAL INDICATOR BACTERIA;
CULTURE-BASED METHODS; MICROBIAL DNA; WATER SAMPLES;
VIBRIO-PARAHAEMOLYTICUS; MEASURING ENTEROCOCCUS; SURFACE WATERS;
PROCESSOR ESP
AB The need for quantitative molecular methods is growing in environmental, food, and medical fields but is hindered by low and variable DNA extraction and by co-extraction of PCR inhibitors. DNA extracts from Enterococcus faecium, seawater, and seawater spiked with E. faecium and Vibrio parahaemolyticus were tested by qPCR for target recovery and inhibition. Conventional and novel methods were tested, including Synchronous Coefficient of Drag Alteration (SCODA) and lysis and purification systems used on an automated genetic sensor (the Environmental Sample Processor, ESP). Variable qPCR target recovery and inhibition were measured, significantly affecting target quantification. An aggressive lysis method that utilized chemical, enzymatic, and mechanical disruption enhanced target recovery compared to commercial kit protocols. SCODA purification did not show marked improvement over commercial spin columns. Overall, data suggested a general need to improve sample preparation and to accurately assess and account for DNA recovery and inhibition in qPCR applications. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Cox, Annie M.] NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Goodwin, Kelly D.] NOAA, AOML, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Goodwin, KD (reprint author), NOAA, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA USA.
EM kelly.goodwin@noaa.gov
RI Goodwin, Kelly/B-4985-2014
OI Goodwin, Kelly/0000-0001-9583-8073
FU NOAA Oceans and Human Health Initiative; National Research Associateship
Program
FX The Southern California Coastal Water Research Project (SCCWRP) is
gratefully acknowledged for use of their standalone MFB/SPE module
equipped with qPCR. The NOAA Northwest Fisheries Science Center (NWFSC)
graciously allowed access to their full ESP for laboratory experiments.
Particular recognition is given to Blythe Layton (SCCWRP) for assistance
and training with the stand-alone MFB and to William Nilsson and Mark
Strom (NWFS) for assistance on the full ESP. Appreciation is given to
Spyglass Inc. staff for training on the ESP system. Thanks to D. Lim and
S. Leskinen (University of South Florida) for providing water samples
from the PMACS 1000 (TM). Appreciation is given to the F. Azam
laboratory (Scripps Institute of Oceanography) for access to microscopy
facilities. Thanks to D. Broemeling, J. Pel, and A. Marzali (Boreal
Genomics) for assistance with SCODA optimization and for running
experiments on the Aurora instrument. A. Cox was supported through the
NOAA Oceans and Human Health Initiative and the National Research
Associateship Program.
NR 78
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 35
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PD AUG 15
PY 2013
VL 73
IS 1
BP 47
EP 56
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.06.006
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 207GM
UT WOS:000323586900019
PM 23790450
ER
PT J
AU Kumar, R
Ong, JR
Recchio, J
Srinivasan, K
Mookherjea, S
AF Kumar, Ranjeet
Ong, Jun Rong
Recchio, John
Srinivasan, Kartik
Mookherjea, Shayan
TI Spectrally multiplexed and tunable-wavelength photon pairs at 1.55 mu m
from a silicon coupled-resonator optical waveguide
SO OPTICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID GENERATION
AB Using a compact optically pumped silicon nanophotonic chip consisting of coupled silicon microrings, we generate photon pairs in multiple pairs of wavelengths around 1.55 mu m. The wavelengths are tunable over several nanometers, demonstrating the capability to generate wavelength division multiplexed photon pairs at freely chosen telecommunications-band wavelengths. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America
C1 [Kumar, Ranjeet; Ong, Jun Rong; Recchio, John; Mookherjea, Shayan] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Srinivasan, Kartik] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Kumar, R (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM rkumar@ucsd.edu
FU National Science Foundation [ECCS 092539, 1028553, 1153716, 1201308];
DARPA; A*STAR, Singapore
FX The authors are grateful to Xianshu Luo, Tsung-Yang Liow, Guo-Qiang
Patrick Lo (IME, Singapore), Nick Bertone (Optoelectronic Components),
the National Science Foundation for support (ECCS 092539, 1028553,
1153716, 1201308), and DARPA. J. R. O. acknowledges support from A*STAR,
Singapore.
NR 10
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 4
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0146-9592
J9 OPT LETT
JI Opt. Lett.
PD AUG 15
PY 2013
VL 38
IS 16
BP 2969
EP 2971
DI 10.1364/OL.38.002969
PG 3
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 202HK
UT WOS:000323204500010
PM 24104623
ER
PT J
AU Zheng, SY
Li, ZP
Bendersky, LA
AF Zheng, Shiyou
Li, Zhi-Peng
Bendersky, Leonid A.
TI Understanding the Role of Vanadium in Enhancing the Low-Temperature
Hydrogenation Kinetics of an Mg Thin Film
SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
LA English
DT Article
DE thin film; Mg-V; hydrogen storage; TEM
ID STORAGE; MAGNESIUM; HYDRIDES; ALLOYS; FE
AB Mg100-xVx (x = 0 to 15) thin films capped with Pd were prepared by electron beam codeposition and studied for their hydrogenation/dehydrogenation kinetics and cycling properties at 140 degrees C under hydrogenation pressures of 0.1 MPa. It has been found that the Mg100-xVx thin films show significantly higher reversible hydrogen-storage capacity and faster kinetics in comparison with a pure Mg thin film; for instance, the maximum hydrogen absorption (3.7% mass fraction hydrogen) can be obtained in the fifth cycle for Mg90V10 in less than 5 min. The addition of V clearly plays a favorable role in improving the reversible hydrogen-storage capacity of an Mg film; however, with increasing hydrogenation/dehydrogenation cycles the hydrogen-storage capacity gradually deteriorates. To explore the origin of the effect of V on the improved hydrogenation of an Mg thin film, in this work we focused on studying the structural variations of the Mg90V10 thin film before and after hydrogenation at different stages of cycling; the films were investigated by X-ray diffraction as well as scanning and transmission electron microscopy. We concluded that (1) early in the absorption/desorption cycling the as-deposited structure of percolating layers of nanocrystalline V throughout a Mg matrix is preserved; (2) the percolating V layers envelope fine Mg grains and act as (a) dispersers that isolate small Mg grains, (b) fast diffusers of hydrogen, and (c) hydrogen catalysts at the Mg/V interface to form MgH2; and (3) with progressive cycling, the continuous layers of V aggregate to spherical nanoparticles, which interrupts the continuity of fast hydrogen diffusion through V.
C1 [Zheng, Shiyou; Li, Zhi-Peng; Bendersky, Leonid A.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Zheng, Shiyou] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Bendersky, LA (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM leoben@nist.gov
RI Zheng, Shiyou/D-3645-2012
NR 23
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 39
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1944-8244
J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER
JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces
PD AUG 14
PY 2013
VL 5
IS 15
BP 6968
EP 6974
DI 10.1021/am402450w
PG 7
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 202SY
UT WOS:000323241100029
PM 23869902
ER
PT J
AU Peng, Y
Krungleviciute, V
Eryazici, I
Hupp, JT
Farha, OK
Yildirim, T
AF Peng, Yang
Krungleviciute, Vaiva
Eryazici, Ibrahim
Hupp, Joseph T.
Farha, Omar K.
Yildirim, Taner
TI Methane Storage in Metal-Organic Frameworks: Current Records, Surprise
Findings, and Challenges
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID CARBON-DIOXIDE CAPTURE; POROUS MATERIALS; COORDINATION POLYMER; HYDROGEN
ADSORPTION; SURFACE-AREAS; SITES; SEPARATION; CAPACITY; BINDING; CO2
AB We have examined the methane uptake properties of six of the most promising metal organic framework (MOF) materials: PCN-14, UTSA-20, HKUST-1, Ni-MOF-74 (Ni-CPO-27), NU-111, and NU-125. We discovered that HKUST-1, a material that is commercially available in gram scale, exhibits a room-temperature volumetric methane uptake that exceeds any value reported to date. The total uptake is about 230 cc(STP)/cc at 35 bar and 270 cc(STP)/cc at 65 bar, which meets the new volumetric target recently set by the Department of Energy (DOE) if the packing efficiency loss is ignored. We emphasize that MOFs with high surface areas and pore volumes perform better overall. NU-111, for example, reaches similar to 75% of both the gravimetric and the volumetric targets. We find that values for gravimetric uptake, pore volume, and inverse density of the MOFs we studied scale essentially linearly with surface area. From this linear dependence, we estimate that a MOF with surface area 7500 m(2)/g and pore volume 3.2 cc/g could reach the current DOE gravimetric target of 0.5 g/g while simultaneously exhibiting around similar to 200 cc/cc volumetric uptake. We note that while values for volumetric uptake are based on ideal single crystal densities, in reality the packing densities of MOFs are much lower. Finally, we show that compacting HKUST-1 into wafer shapes partially collapses the framework, decreasing both volumetric and gravimetric uptake significantly. Hence, one of the important challenges going forward is to find ways to pack MOFs efficiently without serious damage or to synthesize MOFs that can withstand substantial mechanical pressure.
C1 [Peng, Yang; Krungleviciute, Vaiva; Yildirim, Taner] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Peng, Yang; Krungleviciute, Vaiva; Yildirim, Taner] Univ Penn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Eryazici, Ibrahim; Hupp, Joseph T.; Farha, Omar K.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Eryazici, Ibrahim; Hupp, Joseph T.; Farha, Omar K.] Northwestern Univ, Int Inst Nanotechnol, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
RP Farha, OK (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
EM o-farha@northwestern.edu; taner@seas.upenn.edu
RI yildirim, taner/A-1290-2009
FU U.S. Department of Energy through BES Grant [DE-FG02-08ER46522]
FX T.Y. acknowledges the support by the U.S. Department of Energy through
BES Grant No. DE-FG02-08ER46522. O.K.F. and J.T.H. gratefully
acknowledge the U.S. DOE's ARPA-E program.
NR 59
TC 235
Z9 236
U1 54
U2 397
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0002-7863
J9 J AM CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 14
PY 2013
VL 135
IS 32
BP 11887
EP 11894
DI 10.1021/ja4045289
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 202SZ
UT WOS:000323241200041
PM 23841800
ER
PT J
AU Nablo, BJ
Panchal, RG
Bavari, S
Nguyen, TL
Gussio, R
Ribot, W
Friedlander, A
Chabot, D
Reiner, JE
Robertson, JWF
Balijepalli, A
Halverson, KM
Kasianowicz, JJ
AF Nablo, Brian J.
Panchal, Rekha G.
Bavari, Sina
Nguyen, Tam L.
Gussio, Rick
Ribot, Wil
Friedlander, Art
Chabot, Donald
Reiner, Joseph E.
Robertson, Joseph W. F.
Balijepalli, Arvind
Halverson, Kelly M.
Kasianowicz, John J.
TI Anthrax toxin-induced rupture of artificial lipid bilayer membranes
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SYMMETRICAL TETRAALKYLAMMONIUM IONS; IRREVERSIBLE ELECTRICAL BREAKDOWN;
STERIC-BLOCK OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; CELL PENETRATING PEPTIDES; EFFICIENT
GENE-TRANSFER; PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; LETHAL FACTOR;
PROTEIN TRANSLOCATION; EDEMA FACTOR
AB We demonstrate experimentally that anthrax toxin complexes rupture artificial lipid bilayer membranes when isolated from the blood of infected animals. When the solution pH is temporally acidified to mimic that process in endosomes, recombinant anthrax toxin forms an irreversibly bound complex, which also destabilizes membranes. The results suggest an alternative mechanism for the translocation of anthrax toxin into the cytoplasm.
C1 [Nablo, Brian J.; Reiner, Joseph E.; Robertson, Joseph W. F.; Balijepalli, Arvind; Kasianowicz, John J.] NIST, Phys Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Panchal, Rekha G.; Bavari, Sina; Ribot, Wil; Friedlander, Art; Chabot, Donald; Halverson, Kelly M.] US Army Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA.
[Nguyen, Tam L.; Gussio, Rick] NCI, Dev Therapeut Program, Target Struct Based Drug Discovery Grp, SAIC, Frederick, MD 21702 USA.
[Balijepalli, Arvind] NHLBI, Lab Computat Biol, Rockville, MD 20852 USA.
RP Kasianowicz, JJ (reprint author), NIST, Phys Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM john.kasianowicz@nist.gov
OI Reiner, Joseph/0000-0002-1056-8703
FU NIST-NRC; NIH-NIST-NRC; NIST Office of Law Enforcement Standards
FX This work is supported, in part, by a NIST-NRC Research Associateship
(B.J.N.), a NIH-NIST-NRC Research Associateship (A.B.), and the NIST
Office of Law Enforcement Standards (J.J.K.). Certain commercial
equipment, instruments, or materials are identified in this paper to
adequately specify the experimental procedure. Such identification does
not imply recommendation or endorsement by the National Institute of
Standards and Technology, nor does it imply that the materials or
equipment identified are necessarily the best available for the purpose.
In conducting the research described in this paper, the investigators
adhered to the "Guide for Care and Use of Laboratory Animals" as
promulgated by the Committee on Care and Use of Laboratory Animals of
the Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources, National Research Council.
The facilities are fully accredited by the American Association for
Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care.
NR 130
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 16
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
EI 1089-7690
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD AUG 14
PY 2013
VL 139
IS 6
AR 065101
DI 10.1063/1.4816467
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 201YB
UT WOS:000323177900055
PM 23947891
ER
PT J
AU Barzilai, S
Tavazza, F
Levine, LE
AF Barzilai, S.
Tavazza, F.
Levine, L. E.
TI Ab initio study of the mechanical and transport properties of pure and
contaminated silver nanowires
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER
LA English
DT Article
ID GOLD NANOWIRES; GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATION; CONDUCTANCE; IMPURITIES;
MOLECULES; WIRE
AB The mechanical properties and conductance of contaminated and pure silver nanowires were studied using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Several nanowires containing O-2 on their surfaces were elongated along two different directions. All of the NWs thinned down to single atom chains. In most simulations, the breaking force was not affected by the presence of the O-2, and similar fracture strengths of approximate to 1 nN were computed for the pure and impure NWs. When the O-2 became incorporated in the single atom chain, the fracture occurred at the Ag-O bond and a lower fracture strength was found. All of the simulations showed that the impurity interacted with the silver atoms to reduce the electron density in its nearby vicinity. A variety of conductance effects were observed depending on the location of the impurity. When the impurity migrated during the elongation to the thinnest part of the NW, it reduced the conductance significantly, and an approximate to 1 G(0) conductance (usually associated with a single atom chain) was calculated for three-and two-dimensional structures. When the impurity was adjacent to the single atom chain, the conductance reduced almost to zero. However, when it stayed far from the thinnest part of the NW, the impurity had only a small influence on the conductance.
C1 [Barzilai, S.; Tavazza, F.; Levine, L. E.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Barzilai, S (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8553, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM barzilai.shmuel@gmail.com
NR 67
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 18
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-8984
EI 1361-648X
J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT
JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter
PD AUG 14
PY 2013
VL 25
IS 32
AR 325303
DI 10.1088/0953-8984/25/32/325303
PG 6
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 188WH
UT WOS:000322227600007
PM 23846722
ER
PT J
AU Quackenbush, NF
Allen, JP
Scanlon, DO
Sallis, S
Hewlett, JA
Nandur, AS
Chen, B
Smith, KE
Weiland, C
Fischer, DA
Woicik, JC
White, BE
Watson, GW
Piper, LFJ
AF Quackenbush, N. F.
Allen, J. P.
Scanlon, D. O.
Sallis, S.
Hewlett, J. A.
Nandur, A. S.
Chen, B.
Smith, K. E.
Weiland, C.
Fischer, D. A.
Woicik, J. C.
White, B. E.
Watson, G. W.
Piper, L. F. J.
TI Origin of the Bipolar Doping Behavior of SnO from X-ray Spectroscopy and
Density Functional Theory
SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE SnO; doping; transparent semiconducting oxides; electronic structure
ID TRANSPARENT CONDUCTING OXIDES; SPRAY-PYROLYSIS TECHNIQUE; THIN-FILM
TRANSISTORS; AUGMENTED-WAVE METHOD; DOPANT ION SIZE; P-TYPE SNO2;
LONE-PAIR; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTION; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURES;
STRUCTURAL-PROPERTIES
AB The origin of the almost unique combination of optical transparency and the ability to bipolar dope tin monoxide is explained using a combination of soft and hard Xray photoemission spectroscopy, O K-edge X-ray emission and absorption spectroscopy, and density functional theory calculations incorporating van der Waals corrections. We reveal that the origin of the high hole mobility, bipolar ability, and transparency is a result of (i) significant Sn 5s character at the valence band maximum (due to O 2p-Sn Ss antibonding character associated with the lone pair distortion), (ii) the combination of a small indirect band gap of similar to 0.7 eV (Gamma-M) and a much larger direct band gap of 2.6-2.7 eV, and (iii) the location of both band edges with respect to the vacuum level. This work supports Sn2+-based oxides as a paradigm for next-generation transparent semiconducting oxides.
C1 [Quackenbush, N. F.; Hewlett, J. A.; White, B. E.; Piper, L. F. J.] SUNY Binghamton, Dept Phys Appl Phys & Astron, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA.
[Allen, J. P.; Watson, G. W.] Trinity Coll Dublin, Sch Chem, Dublin 2, Ireland.
[Allen, J. P.; Watson, G. W.] Trinity Coll Dublin, CRANN, Dublin 2, Ireland.
[Scanlon, D. O.] UCL, Kathleen Lonsdale Mat Chem, Dept Chem, London WC1H 0AJ, England.
[Sallis, S.; Nandur, A. S.; White, B. E.; Piper, L. F. J.] SUNY Binghamton, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA.
[Chen, B.; Smith, K. E.] Boston Univ, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Weiland, C.; Fischer, D. A.; Woicik, J. C.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Piper, LFJ (reprint author), SUNY Binghamton, Dept Phys Appl Phys & Astron, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA.
EM lpiper@binghamton.edu
RI Scanlon, David/B-1516-2008; Allen, Jeremy/C-4778-2009; Weiland,
Conan/K-4840-2012; Sallis, Shawn/E-6258-2012; Watson,
Graeme/B-4262-2008; Piper, Louis/C-2960-2011; Chen, Bo/C-5428-2017
OI Scanlon, David/0000-0001-9174-8601; Sallis, Shawn/0000-0002-8443-4951;
Watson, Graeme/0000-0001-6732-9474; Piper, Louis/0000-0002-3421-3210;
Chen, Bo/0000-0002-9263-5171
FU Integrated Electronics Engineering Center (IEEC) at the State University
of New York at Binghamton; New York State Foundation for Science,
Technology, and Innovation (NYSTAR); U.S. Department of Energy, Office
of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DEAC02-98CH10886]; National
Institute of Standards and Technology; Faculty/Student Research Support
Program at the NSLS; Analytical and Diagnostics Laboratory Small Grant
program at Binghamton University; EPSRC [EP/F067496]; Ramsay Memorial
Trust; University College London for the provision of a Ramsay
Fellowship; Department of Energy [DE-FG02-98ER45680]
FX This research was funded by the Integrated Electronics Engineering
Center (IEEC) at the State University of New York at Binghamton. The
IEEC is a New York State Center for Advanced Technology and receives
funding from the New York State Foundation for Science, Technology, and
Innovation (NYSTAR) as well as a consortium of industrial members. Use
of the National Synchrotron Light Source Brookhaven National Laboratory
was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DEAC02-98CH10886.
Beamline X24a is supported by the National Institute of Standards and
Technology. L.FJ.P., N.F.Q, and S. S. acknowledge support from the
Faculty/Student Research Support Program at the NSLS. Additional support
(L.FJ.P) was provided by an Analytical and Diagnostics Laboratory Small
Grant program at Binghamton University. Calculations were performed on
the Kelvin supercomputer as maintained by TCHPC, and the Stokes cluster
as maintained by ICHEC. We acknowledge membership of the U.K.'s HPC
Materials Chemistry Consortium, which is funded by EPSRC Grant No.
EP/F067496. D.O.S. is grateful to the Ramsay Memorial Trust and
University College London for the provision of a Ramsay Fellowship. The
Boston University program is supported in part by the Department of
Energy under Grant No. DE-FG02-98ER45680.
NR 118
TC 31
Z9 32
U1 6
U2 88
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0897-4756
EI 1520-5002
J9 CHEM MATER
JI Chem. Mat.
PD AUG 13
PY 2013
VL 25
IS 15
BP 3114
EP 3123
DI 10.1021/cm401343a
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 202DF
UT WOS:000323193000027
ER
PT J
AU Inceoglu, S
Young, NP
Jackson, AJ
Kline, SR
Costeux, S
Balsara, NP
AF Inceoglu, Sebnem
Young, Nicholas P.
Jackson, Andrew J.
Kline, Steven R.
Costeux, Stephane
Balsara, Nitash P.
TI Effect of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide on the Thermodynamics of Model
Blends of Styrene-Acrylonitrile Copolymer and Poly(methyl methacrylate)
Studied by Small-Angle Neutron Scattering
SO MACROMOLECULES
LA English
DT Article
ID METHACRYLATE)/POLY(VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE) BLENDS; TRANSFER RADICAL
POLYMERIZATION; HIGH-PRESSURE CO2; PHASE-BEHAVIOR; GLASS-TRANSITION;
BLOCK-COPOLYMERS; TEMPERATURE; FLUID; POLY(STYRENE-CO-ACRYLONITRILE);
MISCIBILITY
AB Quantitative analysis of small angle neutron scattering (SANS) data from homogeneous multicomponent mixtures of supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO(2)) and two polymers is presented for the first time. The two polymers used in this study were styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer (SAN) and deuterated poly(methyl methacrylate) (dPMMA). Model polymers were used to facilitate comparisons between theory and experiment. The random phase approximation (RPA) was used to derive a simple expression to describe SANS profiles. The scCO(2)-free binary blend was studied to determine the temperature dependence of the polymer-polymer interaction parameter. scCO(2)-polymer solubility data was used to relate polymer-solvent interaction parameters. Comparisons between SANS profiles from multicomponent mixtures and the RPA expression provided an estimate of the interaction parameter between scCO(2) and PMMA, chi(13). The addition of scCO(2) at a modest pressure results in a decrease of phase separation temperature T-s by 127 K. The analysis indicates that the change in T-s is caused by an increase in chi(13) with increasing scCO(2) pressure.
C1 [Inceoglu, Sebnem; Young, Nicholas P.; Balsara, Nitash P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Jackson, Andrew J.] European Spallat Source ESS AB, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden.
[Kline, Steven R.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Costeux, Stephane] Dow Chem Co USA, Dow Coatings & Construct, Midland, MI 48674 USA.
[Balsara, Nitash P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Balsara, Nitash P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Balsara, NP (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM nbalsara@berkeley.edu
RI Jackson, Andrew/B-9793-2008; Foundry, Molecular/G-9968-2014; Costeux,
Stephane/G-4998-2011
OI Jackson, Andrew/0000-0002-6296-0336; Costeux,
Stephane/0000-0001-6095-2837
FU Dow Chemical Company; National Science Foundation [DMR-0454672]; Office
of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of
Energy [DE-AC02-11231]
FX We acknowledge The Dow Chemical Company for providing the primary
support for this work, and thank Dr. Alan Nakatani and Dr. Tirtha
Chatterjee for educational discussions on the design and interpretation
of SANS experiments. Dr. Boualem Hammouda, Mr. Cedric Gagnon, and Mr.
Juscelino Leao of the NIST Center for Neutron Research are thanked for
their assistance in carrying out SANS experiments. Dr. Chris Canlas and
Dr. Jeffrey G. Pelton of the University of California, Berkeley are
thanked for their help with the NMR measurements. We acknowledge the
support of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S.
Department of Commerce, in providing the neutron research facilities
used in this work. This work utilized facilities supported in part by
the National Science Foundation under Agreement No. DMR-0454672. Work at
the Molecular Foundry was supported by the Office of Science, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract
No. DE-AC02-11231.
NR 36
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 4
U2 44
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0024-9297
J9 MACROMOLECULES
JI Macromolecules
PD AUG 13
PY 2013
VL 46
IS 15
BP 6345
EP 6356
DI 10.1021/ma401090q
PG 12
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 202DI
UT WOS:000323193300059
ER
PT J
AU Holtgrieve, GW
Arias, ME
Irvine, KN
Lamberts, D
Ward, EJ
Kummu, M
Koponen, J
Sarkkula, J
Richey, JE
AF Holtgrieve, Gordon W.
Arias, Mauricio E.
Irvine, Kim N.
Lamberts, Dirk
Ward, Eric J.
Kummu, Matti
Koponen, Jorma
Sarkkula, Juha
Richey, Jeffrey E.
TI Patterns of Ecosystem Metabolism in the Tonle Sap Lake, Cambodia with
Links to Capture Fisheries
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
AB The Tonle Sap Lake in Cambodia is a dynamic flood-pulsed ecosystem that annually increases its surface area from roughly 2,500 km(2) to over 12,500 km(2) driven by seasonal flooding from the Mekong River. This flooding is thought to structure many of the critical ecological processes, including aquatic primary and secondary productivity. The lake also has a large fishery that supports the livelihoods of nearly 2 million people. We used a state-space oxygen mass balance model and continuous dissolved oxygen measurements from four locations to provide the first estimates of gross primary productivity (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (ER) for the Tonle Sap. GPP averaged 4.1 +/- 2.3 g O-2 m(-3) d(-1) with minimal differences among sites. There was a negative correlation between monthly GPP and lake level (r = 0.45) and positive correlation with turbidity (r = 0.65). ER averaged 24.9 +/- 20.0 g O-2 m(-3) d(-1) but had greater than six-fold variation among sites and minimal seasonal change. Repeated hypoxia was observed at most sampling sites along with persistent net heterotrophy (GPP < ER), indicating significant bacterial metabolism of organic matter that is likely incorporated into the larger food web. Using our measurements of GPP, we calibrated a hydrodynamic-productivity model and predicted aquatic net primary production (aNPP) of 2.0 +/- 0.2 g C m(-2) d(-1) (2.4 +/- 0.2 million tonnes C y(-1)). Considering a range of plausible values for the total fisheries catch, we estimate that fisheries harvest is an equivalent of 7-69% of total aNPP, which is substantially larger than global average for marine and freshwater systems. This is likely due to relatively efficient carbon transfer through the food web and support of fish production from terrestrial NPP. These analyses are an important first-step in quantifying the resource pathways that support this important ecosystem.
C1 [Holtgrieve, Gordon W.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Arias, Mauricio E.] Univ Canterbury, Dept Civil & Nat Resources Engn, Christchurch 1, New Zealand.
[Irvine, Kim N.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Geog Planning, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
[Irvine, Kim N.] SUNY Buffalo, Ctr Southeast Asia Environm & Sustainable Dev, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
[Lamberts, Dirk] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Lab Aquat Ecol Evolut & Conservat, Louvain, Belgium.
[Ward, Eric J.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Conservat Biol Div, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Kummu, Matti] Aalto Univ, Water & Dev Res Grp, Espoo, Finland.
[Koponen, Jorma] Environm Impact Assessment Ctr Finland Ltd, Espoo, Finland.
[Sarkkula, Juha] Finnish Environm Inst, Helsinki, Finland.
[Richey, Jeffrey E.] Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Holtgrieve, GW (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM gholt@uw.edu
RI Kummu, Matti/C-4797-2011; Holtgrieve, Gordon/C-5371-2009; Arias,
Mauricio/H-5667-2013
OI Kummu, Matti/0000-0001-5096-0163; Holtgrieve,
Gordon/0000-0002-4451-3567; Arias, Mauricio/0000-0002-8805-6353
FU University of Washington School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences; John D.
and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation; Gordon and Betty Moore
Foundation; NASA IDS [NNX07AL78G]; SUNY Research Foundation
FX GWH was supported by the University of Washington School of Aquatic and
Fishery Sciences, John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, and the
Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. This paper was completed while KNI
was on sabbatical at the National Institute of Education, Nanyang
Technological University, Singapore. Research was funded in part by NASA
IDS NNX07AL78G and the SUNY Research Foundation. The funders had no role
in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript.
NR 47
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 5
U2 69
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD AUG 13
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 8
AR e71395
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0071395
PG 11
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 201BN
UT WOS:000323115800055
PM 23967203
ER
PT J
AU Mourier, J
Buray, N
Schultz, JK
Clua, E
Planes, S
AF Mourier, Johann
Buray, Nicolas
Schultz, Jennifer K.
Clua, Eric
Planes, Serge
TI Genetic Network and Breeding Patterns of a Sicklefin Lemon Shark
(Negaprion acutidens) Population in the Society Islands, French
Polynesia
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
AB Human pressures have put many top predator populations at risk of extinction. Recent years have seen alarming declines in sharks worldwide, while their resilience remains poorly understood. Studying the ecology of small populations of marine predators is a priority to better understand their ability to withstand anthropogenic and environmental stressors. In the present study, we monitored a naturally small island population of 40 adult sicklefin lemon sharks in Moorea, French Polynesia over 5 years. We reconstructed the genetic relationships among individuals and determined the population's mating system. The genetic network illustrates that all individuals, except one, are interconnected at least through one first order genetic relationship. While this species developed a clear inbreeding avoidance strategy involving dispersal and migration, the small population size, low number of breeders, and the fragmented environment characterizing these tropical islands, limits its complete effectiveness.
C1 [Mourier, Johann; Buray, Nicolas; Planes, Serge] Ctr Rech Insulaire & Observ Environm, LabEx CORAIL USR CNRS EPHE 3278, Papetoai, Moorea, Fr Polynesia.
[Schultz, Jennifer K.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Clua, Eric] Haut Commissariat Republ Francaise, Delegat Reg Rech & Technol, Papeete, Tahiti, Fr Polynesia.
[Clua, Eric] Minist Agr & Peche, Paris, France.
RP Mourier, J (reprint author), Ctr Rech Insulaire & Observ Environm, LabEx CORAIL USR CNRS EPHE 3278, Papetoai, Moorea, Fr Polynesia.
EM johann.mourier@gmail.com
FU Direction a l'Environnement (DIREN) of French Polynesia
FX This study benefited from the financial support of the Direction a
l'Environnement (DIREN) of French Polynesia and the scientific support
of Coordination Unit of the Coral Reef Initiatives for the Pacific
(CRISP Programme), based in New Caledonia. The funders had no role in
study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript.
NR 51
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 59
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD AUG 13
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 8
AR e73899
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0073899
PG 11
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 201BN
UT WOS:000323115800128
PM 23967354
ER
PT J
AU Samaran, F
Stafford, KM
Branch, TA
Gedamke, J
Royer, JY
Dziak, RP
Guinet, C
AF Samaran, Flore
Stafford, Kathleen M.
Branch, Trevor A.
Gedamke, Jason
Royer, Jean-Yves
Dziak, Robert P.
Guinet, Christophe
TI Seasonal and Geographic Variation of Southern Blue Whale Subspecies in
the Indian Ocean
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
AB Understanding the seasonal movements and distribution patterns of migratory species over ocean basin scales is vital for appropriate conservation and management measures. However, assessing populations over remote regions is challenging, particularly if they are rare. Blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus spp) are an endangered species found in the Southern and Indian Oceans. Here two recognized subspecies of blue whales and, based on passive acoustic monitoring, four "acoustic populations" occur. Three of these are pygmy blue whale (B. m. brevicauda) populations while the fourth is the Antarctic blue whale (B. m. intermedia). Past whaling catches have dramatically reduced their numbers but recent acoustic recordings show that these oceans are still important habitat for blue whales. Presently little is known about the seasonal movements and degree of overlap of these four populations, particularly in the central Indian Ocean. We examined the geographic and seasonal occurrence of different blue whale acoustic populations using one year of passive acoustic recording from three sites located at different latitudes in the Indian Ocean. The vocalizations of the different blue whale subspecies and acoustic populations were recorded seasonally in different regions. For some call types and locations, there was spatial and temporal overlap, particularly between Antarctic and different pygmy blue whale acoustic populations. Except on the southernmost hydrophone, all three pygmy blue whale acoustic populations were found at different sites or during different seasons, which further suggests that these populations are generally geographically distinct. This unusual blue whale diversity in sub-Antarctic and sub-tropical waters indicates the importance of the area for blue whales in these former whaling grounds.
C1 [Samaran, Flore; Guinet, Christophe] Univ La Rochelle, Observ PELAGIS, CNRS, UMS 3462, La Rochelle, France.
[Stafford, Kathleen M.] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
[Branch, Trevor A.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Gedamke, Jason] NOAA, Ocean Acoust Program, Off Sci & Technol, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Royer, Jean-Yves] Univ Brest, CNRS, Lab Domaines Ocean, UMR 6538, Plouzane, France.
[Dziak, Robert P.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Newport, OR USA.
[Samaran, Flore; Guinet, Christophe] CNRS, Ctr Etud Biol Chize, UPR 1934, Villiers En Bois, France.
RP Samaran, F (reprint author), Univ La Rochelle, Observ PELAGIS, CNRS, UMS 3462, La Rochelle, France.
EM fsamaran@univ-lr.fr
RI Royer, Jean-Yves/B-4312-2010
OI Royer, Jean-Yves/0000-0002-7653-7715
FU Conseil Regional de Bretagne; Institut National des Sciences de
l'Univers (a department of the Centre National de la Recherche
Scientifique, France); Institut Paul Emile Victor; Total Foundation;
NOAA's Ocean Exploration and Research program; French Minister of
Ecology; Terres Australes et Antarctiques Francaises; University of La
Rochelle
FX Funding for deployment and recovery for the hydrophone array in the
Indian Ocean was provided by the Conseil Regional de Bretagne, the
Institut National des Sciences de l'Univers (a department of the Centre
National de la Recherche Scientifique, France), Institut Paul Emile
Victor, Total Foundation and the NOAA's Ocean Exploration and Research
program that provided support to the Pacific Marine Environmental
Laboratory to build the hydrophones and moorings for the DEFLO
experiment. Analysis and writing were supported by French Minister of
Ecology, Terres Australes et Antarctiques Francaises, University of La
Rochelle. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and
analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 58
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U2 67
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD AUG 13
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 8
AR e71561
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0071561
PG 10
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 201BN
UT WOS:000323115800064
PM 23967221
ER
PT J
AU Xie, RB
Long, GG
Weigand, SJ
Moss, SC
Carvalho, T
Roorda, S
Hejna, M
Torquato, S
Steinhardt, PJ
AF Xie, Ruobing
Long, Gabrielle G.
Weigand, Steven J.
Moss, Simon C.
Carvalho, Tobi
Roorda, Sjoerd
Hejna, Miroslav
Torquato, Salvatore
Steinhardt, Paul J.
TI Hyperuniformity in amorphous silicon based on the measurement of the
infinite-wavelength limit of the structure factor
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE glass; disordered solid
ID RAMAN-SCATTERING; ENERGY BARRIER; DIFFRACTION; SI; RELAXATION; GLASSES;
ORDER; GE
AB We report the results of highly sensitive transmission X-ray scattering measurements performed at the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, on nearly fully dense high-purity amorphous-silicon (a-Si) samples for the purpose of determining their degree of hyperuniformity. A perfectly hyperuniform structure has complete suppression of infinite-wavelength density fluctuations, or, equivalently, the structure factor S(q -> 0) = 0; the smaller the value of S(0), the higher the degree of hyperuniformity. Annealing was observed to increase the degree of hyperuniformity in a-Si where we found S(0) = 0.0075 (+/- 0.0005), which is significantly below the computationally determined lower bound recently suggested by de Graff and Thorpe [de Graff AMR, Thorpe MF (2010) Acta Crystallogr A 66(Pt 1):22-31] based on studies of continuous random network models, but consistent with the recently proposed nearly hyperuniform network picture of a-Si. Increasing hyperuniformity is correlated with narrowing of the first diffraction peak and extension of the range of oscillations in the pair distribution function.
C1 [Xie, Ruobing; Long, Gabrielle G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Long, Gabrielle G.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Weigand, Steven J.] Northwestern Univ, Argonne Natl Lab, DuPont Northwestern Dow Collaborat Access Team Sy, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Moss, Simon C.] Univ Houston, Dept Phys, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
[Moss, Simon C.] Univ Houston, Texas Ctr Superconduct, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
[Carvalho, Tobi; Roorda, Sjoerd] Univ Montreal, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada.
[Hejna, Miroslav; Torquato, Salvatore; Steinhardt, Paul J.] Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Torquato, Salvatore] Princeton Univ, Dept Chem, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Torquato, Salvatore] Princeton Univ, Princeton Inst Sci & Technol Mat, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Steinhardt, Paul J.] Princeton Univ, Princeton Ctr Theoret Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Steinhardt, PJ (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
EM steinh@princeton.edu
RI Roorda, Sjoerd/N-2604-2014;
OI Xie, Ruobing/0000-0003-0266-9122
FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science [DE-AC02-006CH11357];
National Science Foundation-Materials Research Science and Engineering
Center Program through New York University [DMR-0820341]; Natural
Sciences and Engineering Research Counsel of Canada; Fonds de Recherche
Nature et Technologies Quebec
FX We thank Mike Thorpe for discussions during the early portion of this
research and Jan Ilavsky for help with the ultra small-angle X-ray
scattering (USAXS) measurements. This research was performed mainly at
the SAXS/wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) instrument at
DuPont-Northwestern-Dow Collaborative Access Team 5-ID-D and also at the
USAXS instrument at 32-ID-B at the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne
National Laboratory. Use of the APS is supported by the US Department of
Energy, Office of Science, under Contract DE-AC02-006CH11357. This work
is supported in part by the National Science Foundation-Materials
Research Science and Engineering Center Program through New York
University (DMR-0820341 to S.T. and P.J.S.) and by the Natural Sciences
and Engineering Research Counsel of Canada and Fonds de Recherche Nature
et Technologies Quebec (S.R. and T.C.).
NR 39
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 8
U2 38
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD AUG 13
PY 2013
VL 110
IS 33
BP 13250
EP 13254
DI 10.1073/pnas.1220106110
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 200LA
UT WOS:000323069200023
PM 23898166
ER
PT J
AU Lindegren, M
Checkley, DM
Rouyer, T
MacCall, AD
Stenseth, NC
AF Lindegren, Martin
Checkley, David M., Jr.
Rouyer, Tristan
MacCall, Alec D.
Stenseth, Nils Chr.
TI Climate, fishing, and fluctuations of sardine and anchovy in the
California Current
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE species replacement; population modeling; climate change;
ecosystem-based management
ID PACIFIC SARDINE; NORTHERN ANCHOVY; BALTIC COD; POPULATIONS; RECRUITMENT;
COLLAPSE; VARIABILITY; ECOSYSTEMS; REGIME; STOCK
AB Since the days of Elton, population cycles have challenged ecologists and resource managers. Although the underlying mechanisms remain debated, theory holds that both density-dependent and density-independent processes shape the dynamics. One striking example is the large-scale fluctuations of sardine and anchovy observed across the major upwelling areas of the world. Despite a long history of research, the causes of these fluctuations remain unresolved and heavily debated, with significant implications for fisheries management. We here model the underlying causes of these fluctuations, using the California Current Ecosystem as a case study, and show that the dynamics, accurately reproduced since A.D. 1661 onward, are explained by interacting density-dependent processes (i.e., through species-specific life-history traits) and climate forcing. Furthermore, we demonstrate how fishing modifies the dynamics and show that the sardine collapse of the 1950s was largely unavoidable given poor recruitment conditions. Our approach provides unique insight into the origin of sardine-anchovy fluctuations and a knowledge base for sustainable fisheries management in the California Current Ecosystem and beyond.
C1 [Lindegren, Martin; Checkley, David M., Jr.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, San Diego, CA 92093 USA.
[Rouyer, Tristan] IFREMER, UMR 212 EME Ecosyst Marins Exploites, F-34200 Sete, France.
[MacCall, Alec D.] NOAA, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Stenseth, Nils Chr.] Univ Oslo, Dept Biol Sci, CEES, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.
RP Lindegren, M (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, San Diego, CA 92093 USA.
EM mlindegren@ucsd.edu
RI Stenseth, Nils Chr./G-5212-2016;
OI Stenseth, Nils Chr./0000-0002-1591-5399; Lindegren,
Martin/0000-0002-9185-951X
FU Scripps Institution of Oceanography Postdoctoral Fellowship; National
Science Foundation [OCE-0928425]
FX We thank L. Jacobson, K. Hill, and S. McClatchie at the National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration for providing data and comments regarding
S-R modeling, as well as former and present colleagues for their efforts
understanding sardine-anchovy biology in the CCE and beyond. M.L. was
supported by a Scripps Institution of Oceanography Postdoctoral
Fellowship and by National Science Foundation Grant OCE-0928425.
NR 38
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U1 3
U2 95
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD AUG 13
PY 2013
VL 110
IS 33
BP 13672
EP 13677
DI 10.1073/pnas.1305733110
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 200LA
UT WOS:000323069200095
PM 23836661
ER
PT J
AU Kelble, CR
Loomis, DK
Lovelace, S
Nuttle, WK
Ortner, PB
Fletcher, P
Cook, GS
Lorenz, JJ
Boyer, JN
AF Kelble, Christopher R.
Loomis, Dave K.
Lovelace, Susan
Nuttle, William K.
Ortner, Peter B.
Fletcher, Pamela
Cook, Geoffrey S.
Lorenz, Jerry J.
Boyer, Joseph N.
TI The EBM-DPSER Conceptual Model: Integrating Ecosystem Services into the
DPSIR Framework
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID COASTAL MANAGEMENT; SOUTH FLORIDA; SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT; FISHERIES
MANAGEMENT; DISTRIBUTIVE JUSTICE; DECISION-MAKING; INDICATORS; SCIENCE;
IMPLEMENTATION; BIODIVERSITY
AB There is a pressing need to integrate biophysical and human dimensions science to better inform holistic ecosystem management supporting the transition from single species or single-sector management to multi-sector ecosystem-based management. Ecosystem-based management should focus upon ecosystem services, since they reflect societal goals, values, desires, and benefits. The inclusion of ecosystem services into holistic management strategies improves management by better capturing the diversity of positive and negative human-natural interactions and making explicit the benefits to society. To facilitate this inclusion, we propose a conceptual model that merges the broadly applied Driver, Pressure, State, Impact, and Response (DPSIR) conceptual model with ecosystem services yielding a Driver, Pressure, State, Ecosystem service, and Response (EBM-DPSER) conceptual model. The impact module in traditional DPSIR models focuses attention upon negative anthropomorphic impacts on the ecosystem; by replacing impacts with ecosystem services the EBM-DPSER model incorporates not only negative, but also positive changes in the ecosystem. Responses occur as a result of changes in ecosystem services and include inter alia management actions directed at proactively altering human population or individual behavior and infrastructure to meet societal goals. The EBM-DPSER conceptual model was applied to the Florida Keys and Dry Tortugas marine ecosystem as a case study to illustrate how it can inform management decisions. This case study captures our system-level understanding and results in a more holistic representation of ecosystem and human society interactions, thus improving our ability to identify trade-offs. The EBM-DPSER model should be a useful operational tool for implementing EBM, in that it fully integrates our knowledge of all ecosystem components while focusing management attention upon those aspects of the ecosystem most important to human society and does so within a framework already familiar to resource managers.
C1 [Kelble, Christopher R.; Cook, Geoffrey S.] NOAA, Ocean Chem Div, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Loomis, Dave K.] E Carolina Univ, Inst Coastal Sci & Policy, Greenville, NC USA.
[Lovelace, Susan] NOAA, JHT Inc, Hollings Marine Lab, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Charleston, SC USA.
[Nuttle, William K.] Ecohydrology, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
[Ortner, Peter B.; Cook, Geoffrey S.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Fletcher, Pamela] Univ Florida Sea Grant, Gainesville, FL USA.
[Lorenz, Jerry J.] Audubon Florida, Tavernier Sci Ctr, Tavernier, FL USA.
[Boyer, Joseph N.] Plymouth State Univ, Ctr Environm, Plymouth, NH USA.
RP Kelble, CR (reprint author), NOAA, Ocean Chem Div, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM chris.kelble@noaa.gov
RI Kelble, Christopher/A-8511-2008; Cook, Geoffrey/A-7469-2014; Fletcher,
Pamela/F-7296-2015
OI Kelble, Christopher/0000-0003-0914-4134;
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Center for Sponsored
Coastal Ocean Research (Coastal Ocean Program) [NA08OAR4320889,
NA09NOS4780224, NA09NOS4780225, NA09NOS4780226, NA09NOS4780227,
NA09NOS4780228]
FX This paper is a result of research under the Marine and Estuarine Goal
Setting (MARES) for South Florida Project funded by the National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean
Research (Coastal Ocean Program), under award NA08OAR4320889 to the
University of Miami, NA09NOS4780224 to Nova Southeastern University,
NA09NOS4780225 to the University of Massachusetts Amherst,
NA09NOS4780226 to the National Audubon Society, NA09NOS4780227 to
Florida Gulf Coast University, NA09NOS4780228 to Florida International
University, and to the NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological
Laboratory. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and
analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 74
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U1 10
U2 104
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD AUG 12
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 8
AR e70766
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0070766
PG 12
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 200UV
UT WOS:000323097300049
PM 23951002
ER
PT J
AU Martin, RG
Armitage, PJ
Alexander, RD
AF Martin, Rebecca G.
Armitage, Philip J.
Alexander, Richard D.
TI FORMATION OF CIRCUMBINARY PLANETS IN A DEAD ZONE
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE accretion, accretion disks; binaries: close; planets and satellites:
formation; protoplanetary disks; stars: pre-main sequence
ID T TAURI DISKS; PROTOPLANETARY DISCS; ACCRETION DISKS; PLANETESIMAL
ACCRETION; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS; LAYERED ACCRETION; MILLIMETER EMISSION;
TURBULENT DISKS; BINARY-SYSTEMS; STAR SYSTEMS
AB Circumbinary planets have been observed at orbital radii where binary perturbations may have significant effects on the gas disk structure, on planetesimal velocity dispersion, and on the coupling between turbulence and planetesimals. Here, we note that the impact of all of these effects on planet formation is qualitatively altered if the circumbinary disk structure is layered, with a non-turbulent midplane layer (dead zone) and strongly turbulent surface layers. For close binaries, we find that the dead zone typically extends from a radius close to the inner disk edge up to a radius of around 10-20AU from the center of mass of the binary. The peak in the surface density occurs within the dead zone, far from the inner disk edge, close to the snow line, and may act as a trap for aerodynamically coupled solids. We suggest that circumbinary planet formation may be easier near this preferential location than for disks around single stars. However, dead zones around wide binaries are less likely, and hence planet formation may be more difficult there.
C1 [Martin, Rebecca G.; Armitage, Philip J.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Martin, Rebecca G.; Armitage, Philip J.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Armitage, Philip J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Alexander, Richard D.] Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England.
RP Martin, RG (reprint author), NASA, Washington, DC 20546 USA.
FU California Institute of Technology (Caltech); NASA through the Sagan
Fellowship Program; NASA [HST-AR-12814, NAS 5-26555]; Space Telescope
Science Institute; NASA's Origins of Solar Systems program [NNX13AI58G];
Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) through an Advanced
Fellowship [ST/G00711X/1, ST/K001000/1]
FX We thank an anonymous referee for useful comments. R.G.M.'s support was
provided in part under contract with the California Institute of
Technology (Caltech) funded by NASA through the Sagan Fellowship
Program. P.J.A. acknowledges support from NASA under grant HST-AR-12814
awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by
the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for
NASA, under contact NAS 5-26555, and from NASA's Origins of Solar
Systems program under grant NNX13AI58G. R.D.A. acknowledges support from
the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) through an Advanced
Fellowship (ST/G00711X/1) and Consolidated grant ST/K001000/1.
NR 79
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD AUG 10
PY 2013
VL 773
IS 1
AR 74
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/773/1/74
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 193BN
UT WOS:000322531900074
ER
PT J
AU Conrad, JL
Gilbert-Horvath, EA
Garza, JC
AF Conrad, J. Louise
Gilbert-Horvath, Elizabeth A.
Garza, John Carlos
TI Genetic and phenotypic effects on reproductive outcomes for
captively-reared coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch
SO AQUACULTURE
LA English
DT Article
DE Relatedness coefficient; Genetic management; Captive broodstock;
Artificial propagation; Maternal effect; Oncorhynchus kisutch
ID CROSS-SPECIES AMPLIFICATION; RIVER SOCKEYE-SALMON; CHINOOK SALMON;
MICROSATELLITE LOCI; OVERRIPE EGGS; BROODSTOCK MANAGEMENT; PAIRWISE
RELATEDNESS; FISH POPULATIONS; PACIFIC SALMON; RAINBOW-TROUT
AB Captive breeding programs are a common approach to preventing extinction and rehabilitating endangered stocks of Pacific salmonids. To minimize inbreeding in these typically small populations, genetic data from microsatellite loci have been used to estimate relatedness and choose spawning pairs. Phenotypic attributes (e. g., body size), that result at least in part from environmental conditions during rearing likely affect reproductive outcome as well. However, the combined effects of individual phenotype and genetic broodstock management have not been previously evaluated. This study assessed the influence of genetic background (source of original broodstock collection, and heterozygosity of both male and female parents), the molecular genetic-derived relatedness coefficient of mated pairs, and phenotypic attributes of female parents (body size, ovulation rate) on reproductive outcome for three brood years of endangered coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch, from the Russian River, California. Over 1200 full-sibling family groups were created in total, whose survival was tracked individually from fertilization through the swim-up fry stage. Strong maternal influence on reproductive outcome was found, as increased female body mass resulted in lower progeny survival rates, and higher ovulation rates predicted improved progeny survival. Male and female heterozygosity was generally positively related to embryo survival, but this effect was not consistently observed across brood years or early life stages. The relatedness coefficient between mated pairs had a significant and negative effect on progeny survival, particularly after hatching, even though the most inbred matings were prevented. Thus, use of genetic broodstock management to guide selection of salmon breeding pairs increases offspring survival, in addition to reducing inbreeding. (C) 2013 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Conrad, J. Louise] Warm Springs Hatchery, Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commiss, Geyserville, CA 95441 USA.
[Gilbert-Horvath, Elizabeth A.; Garza, John Carlos] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Ecol Div, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Gilbert-Horvath, Elizabeth A.; Garza, John Carlos] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Conrad, JL (reprint author), Dept Water Resources, 3500 Ind Blvd, West Sacramento, CA 95691 USA.
EM louiseconrad9@gmail.com
NR 73
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U1 4
U2 33
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0044-8486
J9 AQUACULTURE
JI Aquaculture
PD AUG 10
PY 2013
VL 404
BP 95
EP 104
DI 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2013.04.013
PG 10
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 176UI
UT WOS:000321330600015
ER
PT J
AU Li, SM
Sun, DL
Yu, YY
AF Li, Sanmei
Sun, Donglian
Yu, Yunyue
TI Automatic cloud-shadow removal from flood/standing water maps using
MSG/SEVIRI imagery
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
ID CLASSIFICATION; CANADA; MASK
AB Cloud shadows are a major problem in the detection of flood/standing water using satellite data. Because cloud shadows and flood/standing water have similar spectral characteristics, the traditional means of detection based on spectral properties may fail to distinguish them from each other accurately. Because clouds cast shadows over land, this phenomenon can be analysed using the geometric correlations between clouds and cloud shadows; thus, this method might detect cloud shadows. Based on this concept, geometric relationships were established between clouds and their shadows using satellite data and satellite-solar geometries. Furthermore, an iterative method combining geometric and spectral properties was developed to automatically remove cloud shadows from flood/standing water in satellite maps. This method was applied and tested using MSG/SEVIRI (Meteosat Second Generation/Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager) data and continues to show promising and consistent results.
C1 [Li, Sanmei; Sun, Donglian] George Mason Univ, Dept Geog & Geoinformat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Yu, Yunyue] NOAA, STAR, Camp Springs, MD USA.
RP Li, SM (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Geog & Geoinformat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
EM slia@gmu.edu
RI Yu, Yunyue/F-5636-2010
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) GOES-R Program
FX This study was supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA) GOES-R Program. The article contents are solely
the opinions of the authors and do not constitute a statement of policy,
decision, or position on behalf of NOAA or the US Government.
NR 12
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 20
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0143-1161
J9 INT J REMOTE SENS
JI Int. J. Remote Sens.
PD AUG 10
PY 2013
VL 34
IS 15
BP 5487
EP 5502
DI 10.1080/01431161.2013.792969
PG 16
WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
GA 141ZK
UT WOS:000318765000013
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, CL
Li, HF
Song, Y
Su, YX
Tan, GT
Netherton, T
Redding, C
Carr, SV
Sobolev, O
Schneidewind, A
Faulhaber, E
Harriger, LW
Li, SL
Lu, XY
Yao, DX
Das, T
Balatsky, AV
Bruckel, T
Lynn, JW
Dai, PC
AF Zhang, Chenglin
Li, H. -F.
Song, Yu
Su, Yixi
Tan, Guotai
Netherton, Tucker
Redding, Caleb
Carr, Scott V.
Sobolev, Oleg
Schneidewind, Astrid
Faulhaber, Enrico
Harriger, L. W.
Li, Shiliang
Lu, Xingye
Yao, Dao-Xin
Das, Tanmoy
Balatsky, A. V.
Brueckel, Th.
Lynn, J. W.
Dai, Pengcheng
TI Distinguishing s(+/-) and s(++) electron pairing symmetries by neutron
spin resonance in superconducting NaFe0.935Co0.045As
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID IRON; EXCITATIONS; SCATTERING
AB A determination of the superconducting (SC) electron pairing symmetry forms the basis for establishing a microscopic mechanism for superconductivity. For iron pnictide superconductors, the s(+/-)-pairing symmetry theory predicts the presence of a sharp neutron spin resonance at an energy below the sum of hole and electron SC gap energies (E <= 2 Delta) below T-c. On the other hand, the s(++)-pairing symmetry expects a broad spin excitation enhancement at an energy above 2 Delta below Tc. Although the resonance has been observed in iron pnictide superconductors at an energy below 2 Delta consistent with the s(+/-)-pairing symmetry, the mode has also been interpreted as arising from the s++-pairing symmetry with E <= 2 Delta due to its broad energy width and the large uncertainty in determining the SC gaps. Here we use inelastic neutron scattering to reveal a sharp resonance at E = 7 meV in SC NaFe0.935Co0.045As (T-c = 18 K). On warming towards Tc, the mode energy hardly softens while its energy width increases rapidly. By comparing with calculated spin-excitation spectra within the s(+/-) and s++-pairing symmetries, we conclude that the ground-state resonance in NaFe0.935Co0.045As is only consistent with the s(+/-) pairing, and is inconsistent with the s(++)-pairing symmetry.
C1 [Zhang, Chenglin; Song, Yu; Carr, Scott V.; Dai, Pengcheng] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
[Zhang, Chenglin; Song, Yu; Tan, Guotai; Netherton, Tucker; Redding, Caleb; Carr, Scott V.; Dai, Pengcheng] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Li, H. -F.] Forschungszentrum Julich, Julich Ctr Neutron Sci JCNS, Outstn Inst Laue Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble 9, France.
[Li, H. -F.] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Kristallog, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.
[Su, Yixi; Schneidewind, Astrid] Forschungszentrum Julich, Julich Ctr Neutron Sci JCNS, Outstn MLZ, D-85747 Garching, Germany.
[Tan, Guotai] Beijing Normal Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
[Sobolev, Oleg] Univ Gottingen, Inst Phys Chem, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany.
[Schneidewind, Astrid; Faulhaber, Enrico] Tech Univ Munich, Forschungsneutronenquelle Heinz Maier Leibnitz FR, D-85747 Garching, Germany.
[Faulhaber, Enrico] Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin Mat & Energie, Gemeinsame Forschergrp HZB TU Dresden, D-14109 Berlin, Germany.
[Harriger, L. W.; Lynn, J. W.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Li, Shiliang; Lu, Xingye; Dai, Pengcheng] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China.
[Yao, Dao-Xin] Sun Yat Sen Univ, State Key Lab Optoelect Mat & Technol, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
[Das, Tanmoy; Balatsky, A. V.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Brueckel, Th.] Forschungszentrum Julich, Julich Ctr Neutron Sci JCNS, D-52425 Julich, Germany.
[Brueckel, Th.] Forschungszentrum Julich, JARA FIT, Peter Grunberg Inst, D-52425 Julich, Germany.
RP Zhang, CL (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
EM pdai@rice.edu
RI Dai, Pengcheng /C-9171-2012; Su, Yixi/K-9119-2013; Li,
Shiliang/B-9379-2009; Li, Haifeng/F-9743-2013; Bruckel,
Thomas/J-2968-2013; Sobolev, Oleg/P-5983-2016;
OI Dai, Pengcheng /0000-0002-6088-3170; Su, Yixi/0000-0001-8434-1758;
Bruckel, Thomas/0000-0003-1378-0416; Song, Yu/0000-0002-3460-393X;
Netherton, Tucker/0000-0003-1583-7121
FU US DOE, BES [DE-FG02-05ER46202]; MOST (973 Project) [2012CB82400]; BMBF
[05K10PA3]; NNSA of the US DOE [DE-AC52-06NA25396]; [NSFC-11074310];
[RFDPHE-20110171110026]; [NCET-11-0547]
FX The single-crystal growth efforts and neutron-scattering work at UT/Rice
were supported by the US DOE, BES, through Contract No.
DE-FG02-05ER46202. Work at IOP was supported by MOST (973 Project No.
2012CB82400). The work at JCNS and RWTH Aachen University was partially
funded by the BMBF under Contract No. 05K10PA3. Work at LANL was
supported by the NNSA of the US DOE under Contract No.
DE-AC52-06NA25396. Work at SYSU was supported by NSFC-11074310,
RFDPHE-20110171110026, NCET-11-0547.
NR 50
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 2
U2 38
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 9
PY 2013
VL 88
IS 6
AR 064504
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.88.064504
PG 8
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 198CC
UT WOS:000322898300006
ER
PT J
AU Dionysopoulou, K
Alic, D
Palenzuela, C
Rezzolla, L
Giacomazzo, B
AF Dionysopoulou, Kyriaki
Alic, Daniela
Palenzuela, Carlos
Rezzolla, Luciano
Giacomazzo, Bruno
TI General-relativistic resistive magnetohydrodynamics in three dimensions:
Formulation and tests
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID LOCAL CHARACTERISTIC APPROACH; GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; NEUTRON-STARS; MAGNETIC
RECONNECTION; NUMERICAL SCHEME; BLACK-HOLE; SIMULATIONS; FIELD; MHD;
REFINEMENT
AB We present a new numerical implementation of the general-relativistic resistive magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) equations within the WHISKY code. The numerical method adopted exploits the properties of implicit-explicit Runge-Kutta numerical schemes to treat the stiff terms that appear in the equations for large electrical conductivities. Using tests in one, two, and three dimensions, we show that our implementation is robust and recovers the ideal-MHD limit in regimes of very high conductivity. Moreover, the results illustrate that the code is capable of describing scenarios in a very wide range of conductivities. In addition to tests in flat spacetime, we report simulations of magnetized nonrotating relativistic stars, both in the Cowling approximation and in dynamical spacetimes. Finally, because of its astrophysical relevance and because it provides a severe tested for general-relativistic codes with dynamical electromagnetic fields, we study the collapse of a nonrotating star to a black hole. We show that also in this case our results on the quasinormal mode frequencies of the excited electromagnetic fields in the Schwarzschild background agree with the perturbative studies within 0.7% and 5.6% for the real and the imaginary part of the l = 1 mode eigenfrequency, respectively. Finally we provide an estimate of the electromagnetic efficiency of this process.
C1 [Dionysopoulou, Kyriaki; Alic, Daniela; Rezzolla, Luciano] Albert Einstein Inst, Max Planck Inst Gravitat Phys, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany.
[Rezzolla, Luciano] Inst Theoret Phys, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
[Rezzolla, Luciano] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Palenzuela, Carlos] Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada.
[Giacomazzo, Bruno] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Giacomazzo, Bruno] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Dionysopoulou, K (reprint author), Albert Einstein Inst, Max Planck Inst Gravitat Phys, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany.
RI Giacomazzo, Bruno/I-8088-2012
OI Giacomazzo, Bruno/0000-0002-6947-4023
FU DFG [SFB/Transregio 7]; "CompStar'', a Research Networking Programme of
the European Science Foundation; University of Texas at Austin through
XSEDE [TG-PHY110027]; NASA [NNX09AI75G]; NSF [AST 1009396]
FX It is a pleasure to thank Wolfgang Kastaun and Kentaro Takami for their
help in the eigenfrequencies of the oscillating stars and Nikolaos
Stergioulas for helpful discussions. This work was supported in part by
the DFG grant SFB/Transregio 7 and by "CompStar'', a Research Networking
Programme of the European Science Foundation. The computations were made
at the AEI and also on the cluster RANGER at the Texas Advanced
Computing Center (TACC) at The University of Texas at Austin through
XSEDE Grant No. TG-PHY110027. B G acknowledges support from NASA Grant
No. NNX09AI75G and NSF Grant No. AST 1009396.
NR 69
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1550-7998
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD AUG 9
PY 2013
VL 88
IS 4
AR 044020
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.88.044020
PG 23
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 198EB
UT WOS:000322903600004
ER
PT J
AU Martin, MJ
Bishof, M
Swallows, MD
Zhang, X
Benko, C
von-Stecher, J
Gorshkov, AV
Rey, AM
Ye, J
AF Martin, M. J.
Bishof, M.
Swallows, M. D.
Zhang, X.
Benko, C.
von-Stecher, J.
Gorshkov, A. V.
Rey, A. M.
Ye, Jun
TI A Quantum Many-Body Spin System in an Optical Lattice Clock
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID ULTRACOLD ATOMS; GAS; ENTANGLEMENT; SIMULATION; LIMIT
AB Strongly interacting quantum many-body systems arise in many areas of physics, but their complexity generally precludes exact solutions to their dynamics. We explored a strongly interacting two-level system formed by the clock states in Sr-87 as a laboratory for the study of quantum many-body effects. Our collective spin measurements reveal signatures of the development of many-body correlations during the dynamical evolution. We derived a many-body Hamiltonian that describes the experimental observation of atomic spin coherence decay, density-dependent frequency shifts, severely distorted lineshapes, and correlated spin noise. These investigations open the door to further explorations of quantum many-body effects and entanglement through use of highly coherent and precisely controlled optical lattice clocks.
C1 [Martin, M. J.; Bishof, M.; Swallows, M. D.; Zhang, X.; Benko, C.; von-Stecher, J.; Rey, A. M.; Ye, Jun] NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Martin, M. J.; Bishof, M.; Swallows, M. D.; Zhang, X.; Benko, C.; von-Stecher, J.; Rey, A. M.; Ye, Jun] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Martin, M. J.; Bishof, M.; Swallows, M. D.; Zhang, X.; Benko, C.; von-Stecher, J.; Rey, A. M.; Ye, Jun] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Gorshkov, A. V.] CALTECH, IQIM, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Martin, MJ (reprint author), NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM mjmartin@caltech.edu; arey@jilau1.colorado.edu; ye@jila.colorado.edu
RI Ye, Jun/C-3312-2011; Gorshkov, Alexey/A-9848-2008; Benko,
Craig/L-2678-2015
OI Gorshkov, Alexey/0000-0003-0509-3421;
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology, Defense Advanced
Research Projects Agency Optical Lattice Emulator Program; National
Defense Science and Engineering Graduate fellowship program; NSF IQIM;
Lee A. DuBridge Foundation; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
FX We thank S. Blatt, J. Thomsen, W. Zhang, T. Nicholson, J. Williams, B.
Bloom, and S. Campbell for technical help and A. D. Ludlow, K. R. A.
Hazzard, M. Foss-Feig, A. J. Daley, and J. K. Thompson for discussions.
The work is supported by the National Institute of Standards and
Technology, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency Optical Lattice
Emulator Program administered by Army Research Office, NSF, and Air
Force Office of Scientific Research. M. B. acknowledges support from the
National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate fellowship program. A.
V. G. acknowledges support from NSF IQIM, the Lee A. DuBridge
Foundation, and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation.
NR 28
TC 59
Z9 61
U1 3
U2 37
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD AUG 9
PY 2013
VL 341
IS 6146
BP 632
EP 636
DI 10.1126/science.1236929
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 197XC
UT WOS:000322884800032
PM 23929976
ER
PT J
AU Rosado-Reyes, CM
Tsang, W
Alecu, IM
Merchant, SS
Green, WH
AF Rosado-Reyes, Claudette M.
Tsang, Wing
Alecu, Ionut M.
Merchant, Shame S.
Green, William H.
TI Dehydration of Isobutanol and the Elimination of Water from Fuel
Alcohols
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
LA English
DT Article
ID VARIATIONAL TRANSITION-STATE; PULSE SHOCK-TUBE; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL
THEORY; THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION; THERMOCHEMICAL KINETICS; RATE CONSTANTS;
MODEL CHEMISTRIES; ATOM ATTACK; N-BUTANOL; HYDROPEROXYL
AB Rate coefficients for the dehydration of isobutanol have been determined experimentally from comparative rate single pulse shock tube measurements and calculated via multistructural transition state theory (MS-TST). They are represented by the Arrhenius expression, k(isobutanol -> isobutene + H2O)(experimental) = 7.2 x 10(13) exp(-35300 K/T) s(-1). The theoretical work leads to the high pressure rate expression, k(isobutanol -> isobutene + H2O)(theory) = 3.5 x 10(13) exp(-35400 K/T) s(-1). Results are thus within a factor of 2 of each other. The experimental results cover the temperature range 1090-1240 K and pressure range 1.5-6 atm, with no discernible pressure effects. Analysis of these results, in combination with earlier single pulse shock tube work, made it possible to derive the governing factors that control the rate coefficients for alcohol dehydration in general. Alcohol dehydration rate constants depend on the location of the hydroxyl group (primary, secondary, and tertiary) and the number of available H-atoms adjacent to the OH group for water elimination. The position of the H-atoms in the hydrocarbon backbone appears to be unimportant except for highly substituted molecules. From these correlations, we have derived k(isopropanol -> propene + H2O) = 7.2 x 10(13) exp(-33000 K/T) s(-1). Comparison of experimental determination with theoretical calculations for this dehydration, and those for ethanol show deviations of the same magnitude as for isobutanol. Systematic differences between experiments and theoretical calculations are common.
C1 [Rosado-Reyes, Claudette M.; Tsang, Wing] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Alecu, Ionut M.; Merchant, Shame S.; Green, William H.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
RP Rosado-Reyes, CM (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM claudette.rosado-reyes@nist.gov
OI Green, William/0000-0003-2603-9694
NR 51
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 6
U2 41
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1089-5639
J9 J PHYS CHEM A
JI J. Phys. Chem. A
PD AUG 8
PY 2013
VL 117
IS 31
BP 6724
EP 6736
DI 10.1021/jp4045513
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 200PT
UT WOS:000323082000002
PM 23805873
ER
PT J
AU Regonda, SK
Seo, DJ
Lawrence, B
Brown, JD
Demargne, J
AF Regonda, Satish Kumar
Seo, Dong-Jun
Lawrence, Bill
Brown, James D.
Demargne, Julie
TI Short-term ensemble streamflow forecasting using operationally-produced
single-valued streamflow forecasts - A Hydrologic Model Output
Statistics (HMOS) approach
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Hydrologic ensemble forecasting; Model output statistics; Total
predictive uncertainty; Single-valued operational streamflow forecast;
Normal quantile transform; Ensemble verification
ID PREDICTIVE UNCERTAINTY; ECONOMIC VALUE; SYSTEM; SKILL
AB We present a statistical procedure for generating short-term ensemble streamflow forecasts from single-valued, or deterministic, streamflow forecasts produced operationally by the U.S. National Weather Service (NWS) River Forecast Centers (RFCs). The resulting ensemble streamflow forecast provides an estimate of the predictive uncertainty associated with the single-valued forecast to support risk-based decision making by the forecasters and by the users of the forecast products, such as emergency managers. Forced by single-valued quantitative precipitation and temperature forecasts (QPF, QTF), the single-valued streamflow forecasts are produced at a 6-h time step nominally out to 5 days into the future. The single-valued streamflow forecasts reflect various run-time modifications, or "manual data assimilation", applied by the human forecasters in an attempt to reduce error from various sources in the end-to-end forecast process. The proposed procedure generates ensemble traces of streamflow from a parsimonious approximation of the conditional multivariate probability distribution of future streamflow given the single-valued streamflow forecast, QPF, and the most recent streamflow observation. For parameter estimation and evaluation, we used a multiyear archive of the single-valued river stage forecast produced operationally by the NWS Arkansas-Red River Basin River Forecast Center (ABRFC) in Tulsa, Oklahoma. As a by-product of parameter estimation, the procedure provides a categorical assessment of the effective lead time of the operational hydrologic forecasts for different QPF and forecast flow conditions. To evaluate the procedure, we carried out hindcasting experiments in dependent and cross-validation modes. The results indicate that the short-term streamflow ensemble hindcasts generated from the procedure are generally reliable within the effective lead time of the single-valued forecasts and well capture the skill of the single-valued forecasts. For smaller basins, however, the effective lead time is significantly reduced by short basin memory and reduced skill in the single-valued QPF. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Regonda, Satish Kumar] NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Off Hydrol Dev, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Regonda, Satish Kumar] Riverside Technol Inc, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA.
[Seo, Dong-Jun] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Civil Engn, Arlington, TX 76019 USA.
[Lawrence, Bill] NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Arkansas Red Basin River Forecast Ctr, Tulsa, OK 74128 USA.
[Brown, James D.] Hydrol Solut Ltd, Southampton, Hants, England.
RP Regonda, SK (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Off Hydrol Dev, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM satish.regonda@noaa.gov
FU Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service (AHPS) program of the National
Weather Service (NWS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
(NOAA); Climate Predictions Program for the Americas (CPPA) of the
Climate Program Office (CPO), National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA); LEN Technologies, Inc. from the NOAA/National
Weather Service Hydrologic Operations and Services [GS35F0575T];
University of Texas at Arlington from the NOAA/National Weather Service
Hydrologic Operations and Services [GS35F0575T]; National Research
Council fellowship
FX This work is supported by the Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service
(AHPS) program of the National Weather Service (NWS) and by the Climate
Predictions Program for the Americas (CPPA) of the Climate Program
Office (CPO), both of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA). The support for the second author was provided in
part by the agreement between LEN Technologies, Inc., and the University
of Texas at Arlington under an order for services (Contract Number
GS35F0575T) from the NOAA/National Weather Service Hydrologic Operations
and Services. These supports are gratefully acknowledged. The first
author thanks the National Research Council fellowship for the part of
the support, James Paul at the ABRFC for the support in the data
acquisition and Mary Mullusky NWS Hydrologic Services Division for
inception of the HMOS approach. The authors acknowledge two anonymous
reviewers for their comments.
NR 41
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 25
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD AUG 8
PY 2013
VL 497
BP 80
EP 96
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.05.028
PG 17
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA 199UA
UT WOS:000323019800008
ER
PT J
AU Wang, SF
Yang, S
Lee, J
Akgun, B
Wu, DT
Foster, MD
AF Wang, Shih-fan
Yang, Sewoo
Lee, Jaesik
Akgun, Bulent
Wu, David T.
Foster, Mark D.
TI Anomalous Surface Relaxations of Branched-Polymer Melts
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID GLASS-TRANSITION TEMPERATURES; POLY(METHYL METHACRYLATE); POLYSTYRENE
FILMS; RHEOLOGY; DYNAMICS; FLUCTUATIONS; BEHAVIOR; LIQUIDS; MOTION
AB The dynamics of thermally stimulated surface fluctuations of 100 nm thick films of long-branched polymers are measured for the first time. In contrast to comparable films of linear or cyclic chains that show no change in viscosity upon confinement, films of 6-pom, 6-star, and 6-end end-branched stars show viscosities, inferred from x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy, as much as 100 times higher than in the bulk. This difference varies in magnitude with chain architecture. Branching has a profound effect on confinement, even for these unentangled chains.
C1 [Wang, Shih-fan; Yang, Sewoo; Lee, Jaesik; Foster, Mark D.] Univ Akron, Dept Polymer Sci, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
[Akgun, Bulent] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Akgun, Bulent] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Akgun, Bulent] Bogazici Univ, Dept Chem, TR-34342 Istanbul, Turkey.
[Wu, David T.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Wu, David T.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Wang, SF (reprint author), Univ Akron, Dept Polymer Sci, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
RI Akgun, Bulent/H-3798-2011
FU NSF [CBET-0730692, CBET-0731319]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Basic Science [DE-AC02-06-CH11357]
FX We thank David Simmons for very helpful discussions, Liang Hong for
valuable advice, YangYang Wang for measuring bulk rheology, and to Zhang
Jiang and Suresh Narayanan of APS for assistance with XPCS and analysis.
This work was supported by NSF Grants No. CBET-0730692 and No.
CBET-0731319. The Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Basic Science, under Contract No.
DE-AC02-06-CH11357.
NR 33
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 41
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 8
PY 2013
VL 111
IS 6
AR 068303
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.068303
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 198KI
UT WOS:000322921200022
PM 23971618
ER
PT J
AU Chan, EP
Walish, JJ
Urbas, AM
Thomas, EL
AF Chan, Edwin P.
Walish, Joseph J.
Urbas, Augustine M.
Thomas, Edwin L.
TI Mechanochromic Photonic Gels
SO ADVANCED MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE photonic crystals; stimuli-responsive materials; block copolymers; gels;
mechanochromism
ID CRYSTALLINE COLLOIDAL ARRAYS; BLOCK-COPOLYMER; WRINKLING PATTERNS;
DIBLOCK COPOLYMER; STRUCTURAL COLOR; LIQUID-CRYSTAL; BAND-GAPS;
DEFORMATION; ELASTOMERS; SOLVENT
AB Polymer gels are remarkable materials with physical structures that can adapt significantly and quite rapidly with changes in the local environment, such as temperature, light intensity, electrochemistry, and mechanical force. An interesting phenomenon observed in certain polymer gel systems is mechanochromism - a change in color due to a mechanical deformation. Mechanochromic photonic gels are periodically structured gels engineered with a photonic stopband that can be tuned by mechanical forces to reflect specific colors. These materials have potential as mechanochromic sensors because both the mechanical and optical properties are highly tailorable via incorporation of diluents, solvents, nanoparticles, or polymers, or the application of stimuli such as temperature, pH, or electric or strain fields. Recent advances in photonic gels that display strain-dependent optical properties are discussed. In particular, this discussion focuses primarily on polymer-based photonic gels that are directly or indirectly fabricated via self-assembly, as these materials are promising soft material platforms for scalable mechanochromic sensors.
C1 [Chan, Edwin P.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Walish, Joseph J.] MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Urbas, Augustine M.] Air Force Res Lab, Mat & Mfg Directorate, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Thomas, Edwin L.] Rice Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Houston, TX 77251 USA.
RP Chan, EP (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Sci & Engn Div, 100 Bur Dr,MS 8542, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM edwin.chan@nist.gov; elt@rice.edu
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AOARD RD) [114078, 114095];
Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA1-12-1-0044]
FX E.L.T. acknowledges the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AOARD
R&D Grant 114078 & Grant 114095), and the Defense Threat Reduction
Agency (HDTRA1-12-1-0044) for financial support. Official contribution
of the National Institute of Standards and Technology; not subject to
copyright in the United States. Certain commercial equipment,
instruments, or materials are identified in this paper in order to
specify the experimental procedure adequately. Such identification is
not intended to imply recommendation or endorsement by the National
Institute of Standards and Technology, nor is it intended to imply that
the materials or equipment identified are necessarily the best available
for the purpose.
NR 95
TC 50
Z9 51
U1 31
U2 238
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 0935-9648
EI 1521-4095
J9 ADV MATER
JI Adv. Mater.
PD AUG 7
PY 2013
VL 25
IS 29
BP 3934
EP 3947
DI 10.1002/adma.201300692
PG 14
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 261VJ
UT WOS:000327692400002
PM 23754505
ER
PT J
AU Montagna, PA
Baguley, JG
Cooksey, C
Hartwell, I
Hyde, LJ
Hyland, JL
Kalke, RD
Kracker, LM
Reuscher, M
Rhodes, ACE
AF Montagna, Paul A.
Baguley, Jeffrey G.
Cooksey, Cynthia
Hartwell, Ian
Hyde, Larry J.
Hyland, Jeffrey L.
Kalke, Richard D.
Kracker, Laura M.
Reuscher, Michael
Rhodes, Adelaide C. E.
TI Deep-Sea Benthic Footprint of the Deepwater Horizon Blowout
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; OFFSHORE PRODUCTION PLATFORMS; NEMATODE-COPEPOD RATIO;
CADIZ OIL-SPILL; SPECIES RICHNESS; DIVERSITY; MEIOFAUNA; POLLUTION;
PLUME; BIODIVERSITY
AB The Deepwater Horizon (DWH) accident in the northern Gulf of Mexico occurred on April 20, 2010 at a water depth of 1525 meters, and a deep-sea plume was detected within one month. Oil contacted and persisted in parts of the bottom of the deep-sea in the Gulf of Mexico. As part of the response to the accident, monitoring cruises were deployed in fall 2010 to measure potential impacts on the two main soft-bottom benthic invertebrate groups: macrofauna and meiofauna. Sediment was collected using a multicorer so that samples for chemical, physical and biological analyses could be taken simultaneously and analyzed using multivariate methods. The footprint of the oil spill was identified by creating a new variable with principal components analysis where the first factor was indicative of the oil spill impacts and this new variable mapped in a geographic information system to identify the area of the oil spill footprint. The most severe relative reduction of faunal abundance and diversity extended to 3 km from the wellhead in all directions covering an area about 24 km(2). Moderate impacts were observed up to 17 km towards the southwest and 8.5 km towards the northeast of the wellhead, covering an area 148 km(2). Benthic effects were correlated to total petroleum hydrocarbon, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and barium concentrations, and distance to the wellhead; but not distance to hydrocarbon seeps. Thus, benthic effects are more likely due to the oil spill, and not natural hydrocarbon seepage. Recovery rates in the deep sea are likely to be slow, on the order of decades or longer.
C1 [Montagna, Paul A.; Hyde, Larry J.; Kalke, Richard D.; Reuscher, Michael; Rhodes, Adelaide C. E.] Texas A&M Univ, Harte Res Inst Gulf Mexico Studies, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA.
[Baguley, Jeffrey G.] Univ Nevada, Dept Biol, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Cooksey, Cynthia; Hyland, Jeffrey L.; Kracker, Laura M.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Charleston, SC USA.
[Hartwell, Ian] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Montagna, PA (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Harte Res Inst Gulf Mexico Studies, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA.
EM paul.montagna@tamucc.edu
RI Reuscher, Michael/O-5498-2015
OI Reuscher, Michael/0000-0001-5150-9876
FU BP; NOAA as part of the DWH Response; National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA) [DG133C06NC1729]; Industrial Economics as part of
the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill Natural Resource Damage Assessment
(NRDA) [1050-TAMUCC]
FX Sample collection during cruises on board R/V Gyre and R/V Ocean Veritas
during the Response phase was funded by BP and NOAA as part of the DWH
Response effort through funds from BP under the direction of the DWH
Unified Area Command (UAC). Sample analysis and production of this paper
was funded in part by contract DG133C06NC1729 from the National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) via subcontract 1050-TAMUCC from
Industrial Economics as part of the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill Natural
Resource Damage Assessment (NRDA). Christopher Lewis (Industrial
Economics, Inc.) and Rob Ricker (NOAA) reviewed and commented on earlier
versions of the manuscript. The views expressed herein are those of the
authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of NOAA or any of its
personnel. The study design and scope of work for the present
deep-water/soft-bottom benthic study was approved jointly by
representatives of the DWH NRDA Trustees and BP; neither party had a
role in the corresponding sample processing, data analysis, decision to
publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Pre-approval to submit the
manuscript for publication was provided by representatives of the NRDA
Trustees.
NR 42
TC 54
Z9 56
U1 12
U2 163
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD AUG 7
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 8
AR e70540
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0070540
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 200ZE
UT WOS:000323109700041
PM 23950956
ER
PT J
AU Conny, JM
AF Conny, Joseph M.
TI Internal Composition of Atmospheric Dust Particles from Focused Ion-Beam
Scanning Electron Microscopy
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CARBONACEOUS PARTICLES; RADIATIVE PROPERTIES; AEROSOL-PARTICLES;
ABSORPTION
AB Use of focused ion-beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) to investigate the internal composition of atmospheric particles is demonstrated for assessing particle optical properties. In the FIB-SEM instrument equipped with an X-ray detector, a gallium-ion beam mills the particle, while the electron beam images the slice faces and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy provides element maps of the partide. Differences in assessments of optical behavior based on FIB-SEM and conventional SEM were shown for five selected urban dust particles. The benefit of FIB-SEM for accurately determining the depth and size of optically important phases within particles was shown. FIB-SEM revealed that iron oxide grains left undetected by conventional SEM could potentially shift the single-scattering albedo of the particle from negative to positive radiative forcing. Analysis of a coke-like particle showed that 73% of the light-scattering inclusion went undetected with conventional SEM, causing the bulk absorption coefficient to vary by as much as 25%. Optical property calculations for particles as volume-equivalent spheres and as spheroids that approximated actual particle shapes revealed that the largest effect between conventional SEM and FIB-SEM analyses was on backscattering efficiency, in some cases varying several-fold.
C1 NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Conny, JM (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM joseph.conny@nist.gov
FU United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA)
[DW-13-93997301-01]
FX The author thanks Robert Fletcher of NIST for a helpful review of the
manuscript. Sample collection was funded by the United States
Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) under Interagency Agreement
DW-13-93997301-01.
NR 31
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 3
U2 29
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD AUG 6
PY 2013
VL 47
IS 15
BP 8575
EP 8581
DI 10.1021/es400727x
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 199RR
UT WOS:000323013400061
PM 23763344
ER
PT J
AU Yearley, EJ
Zarraga, IE
Shire, SJ
Scherer, TM
Gokarn, Y
Wagner, NJ
Liu, Y
AF Yearley, Eric J.
Zarraga, Isidro E.
Shire, Steven J.
Scherer, Thomas M.
Gokarn, Yatin
Wagner, Norman J.
Liu, Yun
TI Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Characterization of Monoclonal Antibody
Conformations and Interactions at High Concentrations
SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID PROTEIN CONCENTRATION SOLUTIONS; X-RAY-SCATTERING; REVERSIBLE
SELF-ASSOCIATION; INTEGRAL-EQUATION THEORY; LIGHT-SCATTERING;
CONCENTRATION FORMULATIONS; THERAPEUTIC ANTIBODIES; LYSOZYME SOLUTIONS;
CLUSTER FORMATION; VISCOSITY
AB Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) is used to probe the solution structure of two protein therapeutics (monoclonal antibodies 1 and 2 (MAb1 and MAb2)) and their protein-protein interaction (PPI) at high concentrations. These MAbs differ by small sequence alterations in the complementarity-determining region but show very large differences in solution viscosity. The analyses of SANS patterns as a function of different solution conditions suggest that the average intramolecular structure of both MAbs in solution is not significantly altered over the studied protein concentrations and experimental conditions. Even though a strong repulsive interaction is expected for both MAbs due to their net charges and low solvent ionic strength, analysis of the SANS data shows that the effective PPI for MAb1 is dominated by a very strong attraction at small volume fraction that becomes negligible at large concentrations. The MAb1 PPI cannot be modeled simply by a spherically symmetric central forces model. It is proposed that an anisotropic attraction strongly affects the local interprotein structure and leads to an anomalously large viscosity of concentrated MAb1 solutions. Conversely, MAb2 displays a repulsive interaction potential throughout the concentration series probed and a comparatively small solution viscosity.
C1 [Yearley, Eric J.; Wagner, Norman J.; Liu, Yun] Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Ctr Neutron Sci, Newark, DE USA.
[Yearley, Eric J.; Liu, Yun] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Zarraga, Isidro E.; Shire, Steven J.; Scherer, Thomas M.; Gokarn, Yatin] Genentech Inc, Late Stage Pharmaceut Dev, San Francisco, CA 94080 USA.
RP Zarraga, IE (reprint author), Genentech Inc, Late Stage Pharmaceut Dev, San Francisco, CA 94080 USA.
EM zarraga.isidro@gene.com; yunliu@udel.edu
RI Wagner, Norman/B-6558-2012; Liu, Yun/F-6516-2012
OI Wagner, Norman/0000-0001-9565-619X; Liu, Yun/0000-0002-0944-3153
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), U.S. Department
of Commerce [70NANB10H256, 70NANB7H6178]; Genentech; National Science
Foundation [DMR-0944772]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic
Energy Science
FX This manuscript was prepared under cooperative agreement 70NANB10H256
and 70NANB7H6178 from the National Institute of Standards and Technology
(NIST), U.S. Department of Commerce. The statements, findings,
conclusions and recommendations are those of the author(s) and do not
necessarily reflect the view of NIST or the U.S. Department of
Commerce.; E.J.Y., N.J.W. and Y.L. also acknowledge the financial
support from Genentech. The work utilized the NG3-SANS instrument at the
Center for Neutron Research at NIST (NCNR), which is supported in part
by the National Science Foundation under Agreement No. DMR-0944772. A
portion of this research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory's High Flux
Isotope Reactor was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office
of Basic Energy Science.
NR 59
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 2
U2 65
PU CELL PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA
SN 0006-3495
J9 BIOPHYS J
JI Biophys. J.
PD AUG 6
PY 2013
VL 105
IS 3
BP 720
EP 731
DI 10.1016/j.bpj.2013.06.043
PG 12
WC Biophysics
SC Biophysics
GA 201KS
UT WOS:000323141100022
PM 23931320
ER
PT J
AU Dupuis, NF
Holmstrom, ED
Nesbitt, DJ
AF Dupuis, Nicholas F.
Holmstrom, Erik D.
Nesbitt, David J.
TI Single-Molecule Kinetics Reveal Cation-Promoted DNA Duplex Formation
Through Ordering of Single-Stranded Helices
SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID RNA TERTIARY STRUCTURE; COUNTERION CONDENSATION THEORY; POLYELECTROLYTE
LIMITING LAWS; LASER TEMPERATURE-JUMP; COIL TRANSITION; BASE-STACKING;
FLUORESCENCE CORRELATION; FREE-ENERGIES; MG2+ BINDING; STABILITY
AB In this work, the kinetics of short, fully complementary oligonucleotides are investigated at the single-molecule level. Constructs 6-9 bp in length exhibit single exponential kinetics over 2 orders of magnitude time for both forward (k(on), association) and reverse (k(off), dissociation) processes. Bimolecular rate constants for association are weakly sensitive to the number of basepairs in the duplex, with a 2.5-fold increase between 9 bp (k(on)' = 2.1(1) x 10(6) M(-1)s(-1)) and 6 bp (k(on)' = 5.0(1) x 10(6) M-1 s(-1)) sequences. In sharp contrast, however, dissociation rate constants prove to be exponentially sensitive to sequence length, varying by nearly 600-fold over the same 9 bp (k(off) = 0.024 s(-1)) to 6 bp (k(off) = 14 s(-1)) range. The 8 bp sequence is explored in more detail, and the NaCl dependence of k(on) and k(off) is measured. Interestingly, k(on) increases by >40-fold (k(on) = 0.10(1) s(-1) to 4.0(4) s(-1) between [NaCl] = 25 mM and 1 M), whereas in contrast, K-off decreases by fourfold (0.72(3) s(-1) to 0.17(7) s(-1)) over the same range of conditions. Thus, the equilibrium constant (K-eq) increases by approximate to 160, largely due to changes in the association rate, km. Finally, temperature-dependent measurements reveal that increased [NaCl] reduces the overall exothermicity (Delta Delta H degrees > 0) of duplex formation, albeit by an amount smaller than the reduction in entropic penalty (-T Delta Delta S degrees < 0). This reduced entropic cost is attributed to a cation-facilitated preordering of the two single-stranded species, which lowers the association free-energy barrier and in turn accelerates the rate of duplex formation.
C1 [Dupuis, Nicholas F.; Holmstrom, Erik D.; Nesbitt, David J.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Dupuis, Nicholas F.; Holmstrom, Erik D.; Nesbitt, David J.] NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
[Dupuis, Nicholas F.; Holmstrom, Erik D.; Nesbitt, David J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Nesbitt, DJ (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM djn@jila.colorado.edu
FU National Science Foundation [CHE 1012685, PHY 1125844]; National
Institute for Standards and Technology; National Research Council;
National Institutes of Health Molecular Biophysics [T32 GM-065103]
FX Funding for this work was provided by the National Science Foundation
(CHE 1012685 and PHY 1125844) and the National Institute for Standards
and Technology. N.F.D. received postdoctoral fellowship support from the
National Research Council. E.D.H. received funding from the National
Institutes of Health Molecular Biophysics (training grant T32
GM-065103).
NR 69
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 21
PU CELL PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA
SN 0006-3495
J9 BIOPHYS J
JI Biophys. J.
PD AUG 6
PY 2013
VL 105
IS 3
BP 756
EP 766
DI 10.1016/j.bpj.2013.05.061
PG 11
WC Biophysics
SC Biophysics
GA 201KS
UT WOS:000323141100025
PM 23931323
ER
PT J
AU Li, L
Cockayne, E
Williamson, I
Espinal, L
Wong-Ng, W
AF Li, Lan
Cockayne, Eric
Williamson, Izaak
Espinal, Laura
Wong-Ng, Winnie
TI First-principles studies of carbon dioxide adsorption in
cryptomelane/hollandite-type manganese dioxide
SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID OCTAHEDRAL MOLECULAR-SIEVES; METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORKS; AUGMENTED-WAVE
METHOD; CO2
AB A critical challenge in developing engineered materials for low-energy-cost carbon capture and storage applications is to fundamentally understand adsorption, particularly when the materials exhibit hysteretic sorption behavior. We used first-principles calculations and combined with experiments to explore CO2 sorption in a nanoporous solid: cryptomelane-type manganese dioxide (OMS-2). Cations present in this material to not only stabilize its porous structure but also tailor CO2-pore interaction. The concentration, type and charge of cations have significant effects on CO2 adsorption, diffusion and hysteresis behavior. OMS-2 with lower-charge cation, e.g. K+ (Cryptomelane), exhibits less hysteresis than OMS-2 with higher-charge cation, e.g. Ba2+ (Hollandite). (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Li, Lan; Williamson, Izaak] Boise State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Boise, ID 83725 USA.
[Cockayne, Eric; Espinal, Laura; Wong-Ng, Winnie] NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Li, L (reprint author), 1910 Univ Dr, Boise, ID 83725 USA.
EM lanli@boisestate.edu
NR 23
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 37
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0009-2614
J9 CHEM PHYS LETT
JI Chem. Phys. Lett.
PD AUG 6
PY 2013
VL 580
BP 120
EP 125
DI 10.1016/j.cplett.2013.07.003
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 199TG
UT WOS:000323017800023
ER
PT J
AU Jemison, LA
Pendleton, GW
Fritz, LW
Hastings, KK
Maniscalco, JM
Trites, AW
Gelatt, TS
AF Jemison, Lauri A.
Pendleton, Grey W.
Fritz, Lowell W.
Hastings, Kelly K.
Maniscalco, John M.
Trites, Andrew W.
Gelatt, Tom S.
TI Inter-Population Movements of Steller Sea Lions in Alaska with
Implications for Population Separation
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID CONTROL-REGION SEQUENCES; EUMETOPIAS-JUBATUS; SOUTHEAST ALASKA; FUR
SEALS; FORAGING BEHAVIOR; ADULT FEMALE; DISPERSAL; SURVIVAL; ABUNDANCE;
DECLINE
AB Genetic studies and differing population trends support the separation of Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) into a western distinct population segment (WDPS) and an eastern DPS (EDPS) with the dividing line between populations at 144 degrees W. Despite little exchange for thousands of years, the gap between the breeding ranges narrowed during the past 15-30 years with the formation of new rookeries near the DPS boundary. We analyzed >22,000 sightings of 4,172 sea lions branded as pups in each DPS from 2000-2010 to estimate probabilities of a sea lion born in one DPS being seen within the range of the other DPS (either 'West' or 'East'). Males from both populations regularly traveled across the DPS boundary; probabilities were highest at ages 2-5 and for males born in Prince William Sound and southern Southeast Alaska. The probability of WDPS females being in the East at age 5 was 0.067 but 0 for EDPS females which rarely traveled to the West. Prince William Sound-born females had high probabilities of being in the East during breeding and non-breeding seasons. We present strong evidence that WDPS females have permanently emigrated to the East, reproducing at two 'mixing zone' rookeries. We documented breeding bulls that traveled >6,500 km round trip from their natal rookery in southern Alaska to the northern Bering Sea and central Aleutian Islands and back within one year. WDPS animals began moving East in the 1990s, following steep population declines in the central Gulf of Alaska. Results of our study, and others documenting high survival and rapid population growth in northern Southeast Alaska suggest that conditions in this mixing zone region have been optimal for sea lions. It is unclear whether eastward movement across the DPS boundary is due to less-optimal conditions in the West or a reflection of favorable conditions in the East.
C1 [Jemison, Lauri A.; Pendleton, Grey W.; Hastings, Kelly K.] Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Div Wildlife Conservat, Douglas, AK USA.
[Fritz, Lowell W.; Gelatt, Tom S.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Maniscalco, John M.] Alaska SeaLife Ctr, Dept Sci, Seward, AK USA.
[Trites, Andrew W.] Univ British Columbia, Fisheries Ctr, Marine Mammal Res Unit, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada.
RP Jemison, LA (reprint author), Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Div Wildlife Conservat, Douglas, AK USA.
EM lauri.jemison@alaska.gov
RI Trites, Andrew/K-5648-2012
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Fisheries Alaska
Region [NA11NMF4390200, NA08NMF4390544, NA04NMF4390170, NA17FX1079];
Outer Continental Shelf Oil and Gas Revenues, Coastal Impact Assistance
Program, United States Fish and Wildlife Service, United States
Department of the Interior; National Marine Fisheries Service; NOAA
Fisheries; North Pacific Universities Marine Mammal Research Consortium
through the North Pacific Marine Science Foundation
FX Funding for this study was provided to the Alaska Department of Fish and
Game by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
Fisheries Alaska Region under several grants from 2001-2012 (including
NA11NMF4390200, NA08NMF4390544, NA04NMF4390170, NA17FX1079) and by the
Outer Continental Shelf Oil and Gas Revenues, Coastal Impact Assistance
Program, United States Fish and Wildlife Service, United States
Department of the Interior. Funding was provided by the National Marine
Fisheries Service through several grants to the Alaska SeaLife Center
and to the North Pacific Universities Marine Mammal Research Consortium
through the North Pacific Marine Science Foundation. Funding was
provided to the National Marine Mammal Laboratory, Alaska Fisheries
Science Center, by NOAA Fisheries. The funders had no role in study
design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript.
NR 57
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 4
U2 21
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD AUG 5
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 8
AR e70167
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0070167
PG 14
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 218XC
UT WOS:000324465000037
PM 23940543
ER
PT J
AU Mahmud, KW
Tiesinga, E
AF Mahmud, K. W.
Tiesinga, E.
TI Dynamics of spin-1 bosons in an optical lattice: Spin mixing,
quantum-phase-revival spectroscopy, and effective three-body
interactions
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATE; TIME-RESOLVED OBSERVATION; ULTRACOLD ATOMIC
GASES; PHYSICS; SUPERFLUID; FIELD
AB We study the dynamics of spin-1 atoms in a periodic optical-lattice potential and an external magnetic field in a quantum quench scenario where we start from a superfluid ground state in a shallow lattice potential and suddenly raise the lattice depth. The time evolution of the nonequilibrium state shows collective collapse-and-revival oscillations of matter-wave coherence as well as oscillations in the spin populations. We show that the complex pattern of these two types of oscillations reveals details about the superfluid and magnetic properties of the initial many-body ground state. Furthermore, we show that the strengths of the spin-dependent and spin-independent atom-atom interactions can be deduced from the observations. The Hamiltonian that describes the physics of the final deep lattice not only contains two-body interactions but also effective multibody interactions, which arise due to virtual excitations to higher bands. We derive these effective spin-dependent three-body interaction parameters for spin-1 atoms and describe how spin mixing is affected. Spinor atoms are unique in the sense that multibody interactions are directly evident in the in situ number densities in addition to the momentum distributions. We treat both antiferromagnetic (e.g., Na-23) and ferromagnetic (e.g., Rb-87 and K-41) condensates.
C1 [Mahmud, K. W.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Mahmud, KW (reprint author), NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
FU US Army Research Office [60661PH]; National Science Foundation Physics
Frontier Center located at the Joint Quantum Institute
FX K.W.M. would like to thank Richard Scalettar and Hulikal Krishnamurthy
for helpful discussions during the early stages of this work. We
acknowledge support from the US Army Research Office under Contract No.
60661PH and the National Science Foundation Physics Frontier Center
located at the Joint Quantum Institute.
NR 76
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD AUG 5
PY 2013
VL 88
IS 2
AR 023602
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.88.023602
PG 12
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 196RX
UT WOS:000322794800010
ER
PT J
AU Borkje, K
Nunnenkamp, A
Teufel, JD
Girvin, SM
AF Borkje, K.
Nunnenkamp, A.
Teufel, J. D.
Girvin, S. M.
TI Signatures of Nonlinear Cavity Optomechanics in the Weak Coupling Regime
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM GROUND-STATE; INDUCED TRANSPARENCY; NOISE; LIGHT; AMPLIFICATION;
OSCILLATOR
AB We identify signatures of the intrinsic nonlinear interaction between light and mechanical motion in cavity optomechanical systems. These signatures are observable even when the cavity linewidth exceeds the optomechanical coupling rate. A strong laser drive red detuned by twice the mechanical frequency from the cavity resonance frequency makes two-phonon processes resonant, which leads to a nonlinear version of optomechanically induced transparency. This effect provides a new method of measuring the average phonon number of the mechanical oscillator. Furthermore, we show that if the strong laser drive is detuned by half the mechanical frequency, optomechanically induced transparency also occurs due to resonant two-photon processes. The cavity response to a second probe drive is in this case nonlinear in the probe power. These effects should be observable with optomechanical coupling strengths that have already been realized in experiments.
C1 [Borkje, K.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Nunnenkamp, A.] Univ Basel, Dept Phys, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.
[Teufel, J. D.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Girvin, S. M.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
[Girvin, S. M.] Yale Univ, Dept Appl Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
RP Borkje, K (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
RI Nunnenkamp, Andreas/A-2491-2010; Teufel, John/A-8898-2010
OI Nunnenkamp, Andreas/0000-0003-2390-7636; Teufel,
John/0000-0002-1873-9941
FU Danish Council for Independent Research under the Sapere Aude program;
Swiss National Science Foundation through the NCCR Quantum Science and
Technology; DARPA QuASAR program; NSF [DMR-1004406]
FX We acknowledge financial support from The Danish Council for Independent
Research under the Sapere Aude program (K. B.), the Swiss National
Science Foundation through the NCCR Quantum Science and Technology (A.
N.), the DARPA QuASAR program (J. D. T.), and from the NSF under Grant
No. DMR-1004406 (S. M. G.). The numerical calculations were performed
with the Quantum Optics Toolbox [46].
NR 39
TC 59
Z9 59
U1 2
U2 33
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 2
PY 2013
VL 111
IS 5
AR 053603
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.053603
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 196MM
UT WOS:000322779700010
PM 23952399
ER
PT J
AU van den Worm, M
Sawyer, BC
Bollinger, JJ
Kastner, M
AF van den Worm, Mauritz
Sawyer, Brian C.
Bollinger, John J.
Kastner, Michael
TI Relaxation timescales and decay of correlations in a long-range
interacting quantum simulator
SO NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TRAPPED IONS; PHASE-TRANSITION; SYSTEMS; THERMALIZATION; EQUILIBRIUM;
DYNAMICS; MODEL
AB We study the time evolution of correlation functions in long-range interacting quantum Ising models. For a large class of initial conditions, exact analytic results are obtained in arbitrary lattice dimension, both for ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic coupling, and hence also in the presence of geometric frustration. In contrast to the nearest-neighbour case, we find that correlations decay like stretched or compressed exponentials in time. Provided the long-range character of the interactions is sufficiently strong, pronounced prethermalization plateaus are observed and relaxation timescales are widely separated. Specializing to a triangular lattice in two spatial dimensions, we propose to utilize these results for benchmarking a recently developed ion-trap-based quantum simulator.
C1 [van den Worm, Mauritz; Kastner, Michael] Natl Inst Theoret Phys NITheP, ZA-7600 Stellenbosch, South Africa.
[Sawyer, Brian C.; Bollinger, John J.] US Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Kastner, Michael] Univ Stellenbosch, Inst Theoret Phys, ZA-7600 Stellenbosch, South Africa.
RP Kastner, M (reprint author), Natl Inst Theoret Phys NITheP, ZA-7600 Stellenbosch, South Africa.
EM kastner@sun.ac.za
FU DARPA OLE program; National Research Foundation of South Africa
FX BCS and JJB acknowledge support from the DARPA OLE program. MK
acknowledges support by the Incentive Funding for Rated Researchers
programme of the National Research Foundation of South Africa. Papers
with contributions from the US National Institute of Standards and
Technology are not subject to US copyright. During the preparation of
this paper we were informed of related work on spin-spin correlation
functions of long-range Ising models [42]. In contrast to our work,
which focuses on large time asymptotic behaviour and relaxation to
equilibrium, Foss-Feig et al [42] investigate the effect of decoherence
on the spin-spin correlation functions.
NR 42
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 1
U2 8
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1367-2630
J9 NEW J PHYS
JI New J. Phys.
PD AUG 2
PY 2013
VL 15
AR 083007
DI 10.1088/1367-2630/15/8/083007
PG 19
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 194HH
UT WOS:000322621300003
ER
PT J
AU Blunden, J
Arndt, DS
Achberger, C
Ackerman, SA
Albanil, A
Alexander, P
Alfaro, EJ
Allan, R
Alves, LM
Amador, JA
Ambenje, P
Andrianjafinirina, S
Antonov, J
Aravequia, JA
Arendt, A
Arevalo, J
Ashik, I
Atheru, Z
Banzon, V
Baringer, MO
Barreira, S
Barriopedro, DE
Beard, G
Becker, A
Behrenfeld, MJ
Bell, GD
Benedetti, A
Bernhard, G
Berrisford, P
Berry, DI
Bhatt, U
Bidegain, M
Bindoff, N
Bissolli, P
Blake, ES
Booneeady, R
Bosilovich, M
Box, JE
Boyer, T
Braathen, GO
Bromwich, DH
Brown, R
Brown, L
Bruhwiler, L
Bulygina, ON
Burgess, D
Burrows, J
Calderon, B
Camargo, SJ
Campbell, J
Cao, Y
Cappelen, J
Carrasco, G
Chambers, DP
Chang'a, L
Chappell, P
Chehade, W
Cheliah, M
Christiansen, HH
Christy, JR
Ciais, P
Coelho, CAS
Cogley, JG
Colwell, S
Cross, JN
Crouch, J
Cunningham, SA
Dacic, M
De Jeu, RAM
Dekaa, FS
Demircan, M
Derksen, C
Diamond, HJ
Dlugokencky, EJ
Dohan, K
Dolman, AJ
Domingues, CM
Dong, SF
Dorigo, WA
Drozdov, DS
Duguay, CR
Dunn, RJH
Duran-Quesada, AM
Dutton, GS
Ehmann, C
Elkins, JW
Euscategui, C
Famiglietti, JS
Fang, F
Fauchereau, N
Feely, RA
Fekete, BM
Fenimore, C
Fioletov, VE
Fogarty, CT
Fogt, RL
Folland, CK
Foster, MJ
Frajka-Williams, E
Franz, BA
Frith, SH
Frolov, I
Ganter, C
Garzoli, S
Geai, ML
Gerland, S
Gitau, W
Gleason, KL
Gobron, N
Goldenberg, SB
Goni, G
Good, SA
Gottschalck, J
Gregg, MC
Griffiths, G
Grooss, JU
Guard, C
Gupta, SK
Hall, BD
Halpert, MS
Harada, Y
Hauri, C
Heidinger, AK
Heikkila, A
Heim, RR
Heimbach, P
Hidalgo, HG
Hilburn, K
Ho, SP
Hobbs, WR
Holgate
Hovsepyan, A
Hu, ZZ
Hughes, P
Hurst, DF
Ingvaldsen, R
Inness, A
Jaimes, E
Jakobsson, M
James, AI
Jeffries, MO
Johns, WE
Johnsen, B
Johnson, GC
Johnson, B
Jones, LT
Jumaux, G
Kabidi, K
Kaiser, JW
Kamga, A
Kang, KK
Kanzow, TO
Kao, HY
Keller, LM
Kennedy, JJ
Key, J
Khatiwala, S
Pour, HK
Kholodov, AL
Khoshkam, M
Kijazi, A
Kikuchi, T
Kim, BM
Kim, SJ
Kimberlain, TB
Knaff, JA
Korshunova, NN
Koskela, T
Kousky, VE
Kramarova, N
Kratz, DP
Krishfield, R
Kruger, A
Kruk, MC
Kumar, A
Lagerloef, GSE
Lakkala, K
Lander, MA
Landsea, CW
Lankhorst, M
Laurila, T
Lazzara, MA
Lee, C
Leuliette, E
Levitus, S
L'Heureux, M
Lieser, J
Lin, II
Liu, YY
Liu, Y
Liu, HX
Liu, YJ
Lobato-Sanchez, R
Locarnini, R
Loeb, NG
Loeng, H
Long, CS
Lorrey, AM
Luhunga, P
Lumpkin, R
Luo, JJ
Lyman, JM
Macdonald, AM
Maddux, BC
Malekela, C
Manney, G
Marchenko, SS
Marengo, JA
Marotzke, J
Marra, JJ
Martinez-Guingla, R
Massom, RA
Mathis, JT
McBride, C
McCarthy, G
McVicar, TR
Mears, C
Meier, W
Meinen, CS
Menendez, M
Merrifield, MA
Mitchard, E
Mitchum, GT
Montzka, SA
Morcrette, JJ
Mote, T
Muhle, J
Muhr, B
Mullan, AB
Muller, R
Nash, ER
Nerem, RS
Newlin, ML
Newman, PA
Ng'ongolo, H
Nieto, JJ
Nishino, S
Nitsche, H
Noetzli, J
Oberman, NG
Obregon, A
Ogallo, LA
Oludhe, CS
Omar, MI
Overland, J
Oyunjargal, L
Parinussa, RM
Park, GH
Park, EH
Parker, D
Pasch, RJ
Pascual-Ramirez, R
Pelto, MS
Penalba, O
Peng, L
Perovich, DK
Pezza, AB
Phillips, D
Pickart, R
Pinty, B
Pitts, MC
Purkey, SG
Quegan, S
Quintana, J
Rabe, B
Rahimzadeh, F
Raholijao, N
Raiva, I
Rajeevan, M
Ramiandrisoa, V
Ramos, A
Ranivoarissoa, S
Rayner, NA
Rayner, D
Razuveav, VN
Reagan, J
Reid, P
Renwick, J
Revedekar, J
Richter-Menge, J
Rivera, IL
Robinson, DA
Rodell, M
Romanovsky, VE
Ronchail, J
Rosenlof, KH
Sabine, CL
Salvador, MA
Sanchez-Lugo, A
Santee, ML
Sasgen, I
Sawaengphokhai, P
Sayouri, A
Scambos, TA
Schauer, U
Schemm, J
Schlosser, P
Schmid, C
Schreck, C
Semiletov, I
Send, U
Sensoy, S
Setzer, A
Severinghaus, J
Shakhova, N
Sharp, M
Shiklomanov, NI
Siegel, DA
Silva, VBS
Silva, FDS
Sima, F
Simeonov, P
Simmonds, I
Simmons, A
Skansi, M
Smeed, DA
Smethie, WM
Smith, AB
Smith, C
Smith, SL
Smith, TM
Sokolov, V
Srivastava, AK
Stackhouse PW Jr
Stammerjohn, S
Steele, M
Steffen, K
Steinbrecht, W
Stephenson, T
Su, J
Svendby, T
Sweet, W
Takahashi, T
Tanabe, RM
Taylor, MA
Tedesco, M
Teng, WL
Thepaut, JN
Thiaw, WM
Thoman, R
Thompson, P
Thorne, PW
Timmermans, ML
Tobin, S
Toole, J
Trewin, BC
Trigo, RM
Trotman, A
Tschudi, M
van de Wal, RSW
Van der Werf, GR
Vautard, R
Vazquez, JL
Vieira, G
Vincent, L
Vose, RS
Wagner, WW
Wahr, J
Walsh, J
Wang, JH
Wang, CZ
Wang, M
Wang, SH
Wang, L
Wanninkhof, R
Weaver, S
Weber, M
Werdell, PJ
Whitewood, R
Wijffels, S
Wilber, AC
Wild, JD
Willett, KM
Williams, W
Willis, JK
Wolken, G
Wong, T
Woodgate, R
Worthy, D
Wouters, B
Wovrosh, AJ
Xue, Y
Yamada, R
Yin, ZG
Yu, LS
Zhang, LY
Zhang, PQ
Zhao, L
Zhao, J
Zhong, W
Ziemke, J
Zimmermann, S
AF Blunden, Jessica
Arndt, Derek S.
Achberger, Christine
Ackerman, Stephen A.
Albanil, Adelina
Alexander, P.
Alfaro, Eric J.
Allan, Rob
Alves, Lincoln M.
Amador, Jorge A.
Ambenje, Peter
Andrianjafinirina, Solonomenjanahary
Antonov, John
Aravequia, Jose A.
Arendt, A.
Arevalo, Juan
Ashik, I.
Atheru, Zachary
Banzon, Viva
Baringer, Molly O.
Barreira, Sandra
Barriopedro, David E.
Beard, Grant
Becker, Andreas
Behrenfeld, Michael J.
Bell, Gerald D.
Benedetti, Angela
Bernhard, Germar
Berrisford, Paul
Berry, David I.
Bhatt, U.
Bidegain, Mario
Bindoff, Nathan
Bissolli, Peter
Blake, Eric S.
Booneeady, Raj
Bosilovich, Michael
Box, J. E.
Boyer, Tim
Braathen, Geir O.
Bromwich, David H.
Brown, R.
Brown, L.
Bruhwiler, Lori
Bulygina, Olga N.
Burgess, D.
Burrows, John
Calderon, Blanca
Camargo, Suzana J.
Campbell, Jayaka
Cao, Y.
Cappelen, J.
Carrasco, Gualberto
Chambers, Don P.
Chang'a, L.
Chappell, Petra
Chehade, Wissam
Cheliah, Muthuvel
Christiansen, Hanne H.
Christy, John R.
Ciais, Phillipe
Coelho, Caio A. S.
Cogley, J. G.
Colwell, Steve
Cross, J. N.
Crouch, Jake
Cunningham, Stuart A.
Dacic, Milan
De Jeu, Richard A. M.
Dekaa, Francis S.
Demircan, Mesut
Derksen, C.
Diamond, Howard J.
Dlugokencky, Ed J.
Dohan, Kathleen
Dolman, A. Johannes
Domingues, Catia M.
Dong Shenfu
Dorigo, Wouter A.
Drozdov, D. S.
Duguay, Claude R.
Dunn, Robert J. H.
Duran-Quesada, Ana M.
Dutton, Geoff S.
Ehmann, Christian
Elkins, James W.
Euscategui, Christian
Famiglietti, James S.
Fang Fan
Fauchereau, Nicolas
Feely, Richard A.
Fekete, Balazs M.
Fenimore, Chris
Fioletov, Vitali E.
Fogarty, Chris T.
Fogt, Ryan L.
Folland, Chris K.
Foster, Michael J.
Frajka-Williams, Eleanor
Franz, Bryan A.
Frith, Stacey H.
Frolov, I.
Ganter, Catherine
Garzoli, Silvia
Geai, M.-L.
Gerland, S.
Gitau, Wilson
Gleason, Karin L.
Gobron, Nadine
Goldenberg, Stanley B.
Goni, Gustavo
Good, Simon A.
Gottschalck, Jonathan
Gregg, Margarita C.
Griffiths, Georgina
Grooss, Jens-Uwe
Guard, Charles 'Chip'
Gupta, Shashi K.
Hall, Bradley D.
Halpert, Michael S.
Harada, Yayoi
Hauri, C.
Heidinger, Andrew K.
Heikkila, Anu
Heim, Richard R., Jr.
Heimbach, Patrick
Hidalgo, Hugo G.
Hilburn, Kyle
Ho, Shu-peng (Ben)
Hobbs, Will R.
Holgate, Simon
Hovsepyan, Anahit
Hu Zeng-Zhen
Hughes, P.
Hurst, Dale F.
Ingvaldsen, R.
Inness, Antje
Jaimes, Ena
Jakobsson, Martin
James, Adamu I.
Jeffries, Martin O.
Johns, William E.
Johnsen, Bjorn
Johnson, Gregory C.
Johnson, Bryan
Jones, Luke T.
Jumaux, Guillaume
Kabidi, Khadija
Kaiser, Johannes W.
Kamga, Andre
Kang, Kyun-Kuk
Kanzow, Torsten O.
Kao, Hsun-Ying
Keller, Linda M.
Kennedy, John J.
Key, J.
Khatiwala, Samar
Pour, H. Kheyrollah
Kholodov, A. L.
Khoshkam, Mahbobeh
Kijazi, Agnes
Kikuchi, T.
Kim, B.-M.
Kim, S.-J.
Kimberlain, Todd B.
Knaff, John A.
Korshunova, Natalia N.
Koskela, T.
Kousky, Vernon E.
Kramarova, Natalya
Kratz, David P.
Krishfield, R.
Kruger, Andries
Kruk, Michael C.
Kumar, Arun
Lagerloef, Gary S. E.
Lakkala, K.
Lander, Mark A.
Landsea, Chris W.
Lankhorst, Matthias
Laurila, T.
Lazzara, Matthew A.
Lee, Craig
Leuliette, Eric
Levitus, Sydney
L'Heureux, Michelle
Lieser, Jan
Lin, I-I
Liu, Y. Y.
Liu, Y.
Liu Hongxing
Liu Yanju
Lobato-Sanchez, Rene
Locarnini, Ricardo
Loeb, Norman G.
Loeng, H.
Long, Craig S.
Lorrey, Andrew M.
Luhunga, P.
Lumpkin, Rick
Luo Jing-Jia
Lyman, John M.
Macdonald, Alison M.
Maddux, Brent C.
Malekela, C.
Manney, Gloria
Marchenko, S. S.
Marengo, Jose A.
Marotzke, Jochem
Marra, John J.
Martinez-Gueingla, Rodney
Massom, Robert A.
Mathis, Jeremy T.
McBride, Charlotte
McCarthy, Gerard
McVicar, Tim R.
Mears, Carl
Meier, W.
Meinen, Christopher S.
Menendez, Melisa
Merrifield, Mark A.
Mitchard, Edward
Mitchum, Gary T.
Montzka, Stephen A.
Morcrette, Jean-Jacques
Mote, Thomas
Muehle, Jens
Muehr, Bernhard
Mullan, A. Brett
Mueller, Rolf
Nash, Eric R.
Nerem, R. Steven
Newlin, Michele L.
Newman, Paul A.
Ng'ongolo, H.
Nieto, Juan Jose
Nishino, S.
Nitsche, Helga
Noetzli, Jeannette
Oberman, N. G.
Obregon, Andre'
Ogallo, Laban A.
Oludhe, Christopher S.
Omar, Mohamed I
Overland, James
Oyunjargal, Lamjav
Parinussa, Robert M.
Park, Geun-Ha
Park, E-Hyung
Parker, David
Pasch, Richard J.
Pascual-Ramirez, Reynaldo
Pelto, Mauri S.
Penalba, Olga
Peng, L.
Perovich, Don K.
Pezza, Alexandre B.
Phillips, David
Pickart, R.
Pinty, Bernard
Pitts, Michael C.
Purkey, Sarah G.
Quegan, Shaun
Quintana, Juan
Rabe, B.
Rahimzadeh, Fatemeh
Raholijao, Nirivololona
Raiva, I.
Rajeevan, Madhavan
Ramiandrisoa, Voahanginirina
Ramos, Alexandre
Ranivoarissoa, Sahondra
Rayner, Nick A.
Rayner, Darren
Razuveav, Vyacheslav N.
Reagan, James
Reid, Phillip
Renwick, James
Revedekar, Jayashree
Richter-Menge, Jacqueline
Rivera, Ingrid L.
Robinson, David A.
Rodell, Matthew
Romanovsky, Vladimir E.
Ronchail, Josyane
Rosenlof, Karen H.
Sabine, Christopher L.
Salvador, Mozar A.
Sanchez-Lugo, Ahira
Santee, Michelle L.
Sasgen, I.
Sawaengphokhai, P.
Sayouri, Amal
Scambos, Ted A.
Schauer, U.
Schemm, Jae
Schlosser, P.
Schmid, Claudia
Schreck, Carl
Semiletov, Igor
Send, Uwe
Sensoy, Serhat
Setzer, Alberto
Severinghaus, Jeffrey
Shakhova, Natalia
Sharp, M.
Shiklomanov, Nicolai I.
Siegel, David A.
Silva, Viviane B. S.
Silva, Frabricio D. S.
Sima, Fatou
Simeonov, Petio
Simmonds, I.
Simmons, Adrian
Skansi, Maria
Smeed, David A.
Smethie, W. M.
Smith, Adam B.
Smith, Cathy
Smith, Sharon L.
Smith, Thomas M.
Sokolov, V.
Srivastava, A. K.
Stackhouse, Paul W., Jr.
Stammerjohn, Sharon
Steele, M.
Steffen, Konrad
Steinbrecht, Wolfgang
Stephenson, Tannecia
Su, J.
Svendby, T.
Sweet, William
Takahashi, Taro
Tanabe, Raymond M.
Taylor, Michael A.
Tedesco, Marco
Teng, William L.
Thepaut, Jean-Noel
Thiaw, Wassila M.
Thoman, R.
Thompson, Philip
Thorne, Peter W.
Timmermans, M.-L.
Tobin, Skie
Toole, J.
Trewin, Blair C.
Trigo, Ricardo M.
Trotman, Adrian
Tschudi, M.
van de Wal, Roderik S. W.
Van der Werf, Guido R.
Vautard, Robert
Vazquez, J. L.
Vieira, Goncalo
Vincent, Lucie
Vose, Russ S.
Wagner, Wolfgang W.
Wahr, John
Walsh, J.
Wang Junhong
Wang Chunzai
Wang, M.
Wang Sheng-Hung
Wang Lei
Wanninkhof, Rik
Weaver, Scott
Weber, Mark
Werdell, P. Jeremy
Whitewood, Robert
Wijffels, Susan
Wilber, Anne C.
Wild, J. D.
Willett, Kate M.
Williams, W.
Willis, Joshua K.
Wolken, G.
Wong, Takmeng
Woodgate, R.
Worthy, D.
Wouters, B.
Wovrosh, Alex J.
Xue Yan
Yamada, Ryuji
Yin Zungang
Yu Lisan
Zhang Liangying
Zhang Peiqun
Zhao Lin
Zhao, J.
Zhong, W.
Ziemke, Jerry
Zimmermann, S.
TI State of the Climate in 2012
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION; WESTERN NORTH
PACIFIC; INTERNATIONAL POLAR YEAR; COUPLED KELVIN WAVES; MERIDIONAL
OVERTURNING CIRCULATION; OUTGOING LONGWAVE RADIATION; CALIFORNIA CURRENT
SYSTEM; OCEAN THERMAL STRUCTURE; GLOBAL WATER CYCLE
AB For the first time in serveral years, the El Nino-Southern Oscillation did not dominate regional climate conditions around the globe. A weak La Ni a dissipated to ENSOneutral conditions by spring, and while El Nino appeared to be emerging during summer, this phase never fully developed as sea surface temperatures in the eastern conditions. Nevertheless, other large-scale climate patterns and extreme weather events impacted various regions during the year. A negative phase of the Arctic Oscillation from mid-January to early February contributed to frigid conditions in parts of northern Africa, eastern Europe, and western Asia. A lack of rain during the 2012 wet season led to the worst drought in at least the past three decades for northeastern Brazil. Central North America also experienced one of its most severe droughts on record. The Caribbean observed a very wet dry season and it was the Sahel's wettest rainy season in 50 years.
Overall, the 2012 average temperature across global land and ocean surfaces ranked among the 10 warmest years on record. The global land surface temperature alone was also among the 10 warmest on record. In the upper atmosphere, the average stratospheric temperature was record or near-record cold, depending on the dataset. After a 30-year warming trend from 1970 to 1999 for global sea surface temperatures, the period 2000-12 had little further trend. This may be linked to the prevalence of La Ni a-like conditions during the 21st century. Heat content in the upper 700 m of the ocean remained near record high levels in 2012. Net increases from 2011 to 2012 were observed at 700-m to 2000-m depth and even in the abyssal ocean below. Following sharp decreases in to the effects of La Ni a, sea levels rebounded to reach records highs in 2012. The increased hydrological cycle seen in recent years continued, with more evaporation in drier locations and more precipitation in rainy areas. In a pattern that has held since 2004, salty areas of the ocean surfaces and subsurfaces were anomalously salty on average, while fresher areas were anomalously fresh.
Global tropical cyclone activity during 2012 was near average, with a total of 84 storms compared with the 1981-2010 average of 89. Similar to 2010 and 2011, the North Atlantic was the only hurricane basin that experienced above-normal activity. In this basin, Sandy brought devastation to Cuba and parts of the eastern North American seaboard. All other basins experienced either near-or below-normal tropical cyclone activity. Only three tropical cyclones reached Category 5 intensity-all in Bopha became the only storm in the historical record to produce winds greater than 130 kt south of 7 N. It was also the costliest storm to affect the Philippines and killed more than 1000 residents.
Minimum Arctic sea ice extent in September and Northern Hemisphere snow cover extent in June both reached new record lows. June snow cover extent is now declining at a faster rate (-17.6% per decade) than September sea ice extent (-13.0% per decade). Permafrost temperatures reached record high values in northernmost Alaska. A new melt extent record occurred on 11-12 July on the Greenland ice sheet; 97% of the ice sheet showed some form of melt, four times greater than the average melt for this time of year.
The climate in Antarctica was relatively stable overall. The largest maximum sea ice extent since records begain in 1978 was observed in September 2012. In the stratosphere, warm air led to the second smallest ozone hole in the past two decades. Even so, the springtime ozone layer above Antarctica likely will not return to its early 1980s state until about 2060.
Following a slight decline associated with the global 2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion and cement production reached a record 9.5 +/- 0.5 Pg C in 2011 and a new record of 9.7 +/- 0.5 Pg C is estimated for 2012. Atmospheric CO2 concentrations increased by 2.1 ppm in 2012, to 392.6 ppm. In spring 2012, 2 concentration exceeded 400 ppm at 7 of the 13 Arctic observation sites. Globally, other greenhouse gases including methane and nitrous oxide also continued to rise in concentration and the combined effect now represents a 32% increase in radiative forcing over a 1990 baseline. Concentrations of most ozone depleting substances continued to fall.
C1 [Achberger, Christine] Univ Gothenburg, Dept Earth Sci, Gothenburg, Sweden.
[Ackerman, Stephen A.; Foster, Michael J.; Heidinger, Andrew K.; Liu, Y.; Pascual-Ramirez, Reynaldo] Univ Wisconsin, Cooperat Inst Meteorol Satellite Studies, Madison, WI USA.
[Albanil, Adelina; Lobato-Sanchez, Rene; Vazquez, J. L.] Natl Meteorol Serv Mexico, Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
[Alexander, P.; Tedesco, Marco] CUNY City Coll, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, New York, NY USA.
[Alfaro, Eric J.; Amador, Jorge A.; Calderon, Blanca; Duran-Quesada, Ana M.; Hidalgo, Hugo G.; Rivera, Ingrid L.] Univ Costa Rica, Ctr Geophys Res, San Jose, Costa Rica.
[Alfaro, Eric J.; Amador, Jorge A.; Duran-Quesada, Ana M.; Hidalgo, Hugo G.; Parker, David] Univ Costa Rica, Sch Phys, San Jose, Costa Rica.
[Allan, Rob; Dunn, Robert J. H.; Folland, Chris K.; Good, Simon A.; Kennedy, John J.; Rayner, Nick A.; Willett, Kate M.] Met Off Hadley Ctr, Exeter, Devon, England.
[Alves, Lincoln M.] INPE, CCST, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[Ambenje, Peter] KMD, Nairobi, Kenya.
[Andrianjafinirina, Solonomenjanahary; Newlin, Michele L.; Raholijao, Nirivololona; Ramiandrisoa, Voahanginirina; Ranivoarissoa, Sahondra] Direct Meteorol Natl Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar.
[Antonov, John; Boyer, Tim; Gregg, Margarita C.; Levitus, Sydney; Locarnini, Ricardo] NOAA NESDIS Natl Oceanog Data Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Antonov, John] Univ Corp Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO USA.
[Aravequia, Jose A.; Marchenko, S. S.] INPE, Ctr Previsao Tempo & Estudos Climat, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[Arendt, A.; Bhatt, U.; Jeffries, Martin O.; Kholodov, A. L.; Romanovsky, Vladimir E.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Geophys Inst, Fairbanks, AK USA.
[Arevalo, Juan] Inst Nacl Meteorol & Hidrol Venezuela INAMEH, Caracas, Venezuela.
[Arndt, Derek S.; Banzon, Viva; Crouch, Jake; Fenimore, Chris; Gleason, Karin L.; Heim, Richard R., Jr.; Hughes, P.; Reagan, James; Sanchez-Lugo, Ahira; Smith, Adam B.; Vose, Russ S.] NOAA NESDIS Natl Climat Data Ctr, Asheville, NC USA.
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[Barreira, Sandra] Argentine Naval Hydrog Serv, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
[Barriopedro, David E.] UCM, Madrid, Spain.
[Beard, Grant; Ganter, Catherine; Obregon, Andre'] Bur Meteorol, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.
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[Behrenfeld, Michael J.] Oregon State Univ, Portland, OR USA.
[Bell, Gerald D.; Gottschalck, Jonathan; Halpert, Michael S.; Hu Zeng-Zhen; Kousky, Vernon E.; Kumar, Arun; L'Heureux, Michelle; Morcrette, Jean-Jacques; Schemm, Jae; Thiaw, Wassila M.; Weaver, Scott; Wild, J. D.; Xue Yan] NOAA NWS Climate Predict Ctr, College Pk, MD USA.
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[Bindoff, Nathan; Wijffels, Susan] CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Labs, Hobart, Tas, Australia.
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[Braathen, Geir O.] WMO Atmospher Environm Res Div, Geneva, Switzerland.
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[Burgess, D.; Smith, Sharon L.] Nat Resources Canada, Geol Survey Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
[Burrows, John; Takahashi, Taro] Univ Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
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[Cao, Y.; Su, J.; Zhao, J.; Zhong, W.] Ocean Univ China, Qingdao, Peoples R China.
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[Chehade, Wissam] Univ Bremen FBI, Bremen, Germany.
[Christiansen, Hanne H.] Univ Ctr Svalbard, Dept Geol, UNIS, Svalbard, Norway.
[Christiansen, Hanne H.] Univ Oslo, Dept Geosci, Oslo, Norway.
[Christy, John R.; Vautard, Robert] Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL USA.
[Ciais, Phillipe] CEA CNR UVSQ, LSCE, Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Coelho, Caio A. S.] CPTEC INPE Ctr Weather Forecasts & Climate Studies, Cachoeira Paulista, Brazil.
[Cogley, J. G.] Trent Univ, Dept Geog, Peterborough, ON, Canada.
[Colwell, Steve] British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, England.
[Cross, J. N.; Hauri, C.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Fairbanks, AK USA.
[Cunningham, Stuart A.] Scottish Marine Inst Oban, Argyll, Scotland.
[Dacic, Milan; Parinussa, Robert M.] Republ Hydrometeorol Serv Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.
[De Jeu, Richard A. M.; Dolman, A. Johannes; Van der Werf, Guido R.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Earth Sci, Fac Earth & Life Sci, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[Dekaa, Francis S.; James, Adamu I.; Sensoy, Serhat] Nigerian Meteorol Agency, Abuja, Nigeria.
[Demircan, Mesut] Turkish State Meteorol Serv, Ankara, Turkey.
[Derksen, C.; Worthy, D.] Environm Canada, Climate Res Div, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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[Domingues, Catia M.] Antarctic Climate & Ecosyst Cooperat Res Ctr, Hobart, Tas, Australia.
[Dong Shenfu; Garzoli, Silvia] Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL USA.
[Dorigo, Wouter A.; Wagner, Wolfgang W.] Vienna Univ Technol, Dept Geodesy & Geoinformat, Vienna, Austria.
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[Duguay, Claude R.; Kang, Kyun-Kuk; Pour, H. Kheyrollah] Univ Waterloo, Interdisciplinary Ctr Climate Change, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
[Duguay, Claude R.; Kang, Kyun-Kuk; Pour, H. Kheyrollah] Univ Waterloo, Dept Geog & Environm Management, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
[Dutton, Geoff S.; Hurst, Dale F.; Wahr, John] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
[Ehmann, Christian] KIT, Inst Meteorol & Climate Res IMK, Karlsruhe, Germany.
[Euscategui, Christian] Inst Hidrol Meteorol & Estudios Ambientales, Bogota, Colombia.
[Famiglietti, James S.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA USA.
[Fang Fan] NASA, Goddard Earth Sci Data & Informat Serv Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Fauchereau, Nicolas] Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand.
[Fauchereau, Nicolas; Overland, James] Univ Cape Town, Dept Oceanog, Rondebosch, South Africa.
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[Fekete, Balazs M.] CUNY City Coll, CUNY Environm CrossRd Initiat, New York, NY USA.
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[Fogt, Ryan L.; Wovrosh, Alex J.] Ohio Univ, Dept Geog, Athens, OH USA.
[Frajka-Williams, Eleanor] Natl Oceanog Ctr, Southampton, Hants, England.
[Franz, Bryan A.; Frith, Stacey H.; Werdell, P. Jeremy; Ziemke, Jerry] NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Geai, M.-L.; Sharp, M.] Univ Alberta, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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[Gitau, Wilson; Oludhe, Christopher S.; Pinty, Bernard] Univ Nairobi, Dept Meteorol, Nairobi, Kenya.
[Gobron, Nadine] European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, I-21027 Ispra, Italy.
Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
Univ Alberta, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2M7, Canada.
Fram Ctr, Norwegian Polar Inst, N-9296 Tromso, Norway.
[Gupta, Shashi K.; Sawaengphokhai, P.; Wilber, Anne C.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Hampton, VA 23666 USA.
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[Ingvaldsen, R.; Loeng, H.] Inst Marine Res, Bergen, Norway.
[Jakobsson, Martin] Stockholm Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Stockholm, Sweden.
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[Kaiser, Johannes W.] Kings Coll London, London WC2R 2LS, England.
[Kaiser, Johannes W.] Max Planck Inst, Mainz, Germany.
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[Kanzow, Torsten O.] Helmholtz Ctr Ocean Res Kiel GEOMAR, Kiel, Germany.
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Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Geophys Inst, Fairbanks, AK USA.
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Finnish Meteorol Inst, Helsinki, Finland.
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NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA USA.
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CIIFEN, Guayaquil, Ecuador.
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Univ S Florida, Coll Marine Sci, St Petersburg, FL USA.
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IGAD Climate Predict & Applicat Ctr ICPAC, Nairobi, Kenya.
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NOAA, NESDIS, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD USA.
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RP Achberger, C (reprint author), Univ Gothenburg, Dept Earth Sci, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Johannes/A-7057-2012; Baringer, Molly/D-2277-2012; Luo,
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Schreck, Carl/0000-0001-9331-5754; Goni, Gustavo/0000-0001-7093-3170;
Goldenberg, Stanley/0000-0001-6730-5819; Burrows,
John/0000-0002-6821-5580; Heikkila, Anu/0000-0002-1050-5673; Schmid,
Claudia/0000-0003-2132-4736; Barriopedro, David/0000-0001-6476-944X;
Dong, Shenfu/0000-0001-8247-8072; Ackerman, Steven/0000-0002-4476-0269;
Rodell, Matthew/0000-0003-0106-7437; Lin, I-I/0000-0002-8364-8106;
Thorne, Peter/0000-0003-0485-9798; Vieira, Goncalo/0000-0001-7611-3464;
Hurst, Dale/0000-0002-6315-2322; Kramarova, Natalya/0000-0002-6083-8548;
Domingues, Catia /0000-0001-5100-4595; Key,
Jeffrey/0000-0001-6109-3050; Smith, Thomas M./0000-0001-7469-7849;
Heidinger, Andrew/0000-0001-7631-109X; Ramos,
Alexandre/0000-0003-3129-7233; Rosenlof, Karen/0000-0002-0903-8270;
Franz, Bryan/0000-0003-0293-2082; Garzoli, Silvia/0000-0003-3553-2253;
Kaiser, Johannes/0000-0003-3696-9123; Baringer,
Molly/0000-0002-8503-5194; Luo, Jing-Jia/0000-0003-2181-0638; Steffen,
Konrad/0000-0001-8658-1026; Wang, Menghua/0000-0001-7019-3125; Heimbach,
Patrick/0000-0003-3925-6161; Steinbrecht, Wolfgang/0000-0003-0680-6729;
Schlosser, Peter/0000-0002-6514-4203; Frajka-Williams,
Eleanor/0000-0001-8773-7838; Leuliette, Eric/0000-0002-3425-4039;
GrooSS, Jens-Uwe/0000-0002-9485-866X; Hobbs, Will/0000-0002-2061-0899;
Lumpkin, Rick/0000-0002-6690-1704; Hu, Zeng-Zhen/0000-0002-8485-3400;
Meinen, Christopher/0000-0002-8846-6002; Camargo,
Suzana/0000-0002-0802-5160; Knaff, John /0000-0003-0427-1409; Trigo,
Ricardo/0000-0002-4183-9852; Johnson, Gregory/0000-0002-8023-4020;
Muller, Rolf/0000-0002-5024-9977
NR 661
TC 35
Z9 36
U1 16
U2 207
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 94
IS 8
BP S1
EP S258
DI 10.1175/2013BAMSStateoftheClimate.1
PG 258
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 304EZ
UT WOS:000330731200001
ER
PT J
AU Stephenson, SP
Sheridan, NE
Geiger, SP
Arnold, WS
AF Stephenson, Sarah P.
Sheridan, Nancy E.
Geiger, Stephen P.
Arnold, William S.
TI ABUNDANCE AND DISTRIBUTION OF LARGE MARINE GASTROPODS IN NEARSHORE
SEAGRASS BEDS ALONG THE GULF COAST OF FLORIDA
SO JOURNAL OF SHELLFISH RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE gastropod; Fasciolaria; Busycon; Triplofusus; commercial landings
ID EPIBENTHIC GASTROPODS; PREDATORY GASTROPOD; BUSYCONINE WHELKS; COMMUNITY
AB Local abundance was estimated and distribution determined for selected large gastropod species based on observations made during underwater visual surveys at 10 sites along the Gulf coast of Florida each summer from 2009 through 2012. The total number of tulip snails (Fasciolaria spp., including the true tulip, Fasciolaria tulipa, and banded tulip, Fasciolaria lilium), lightning whelk (Busycon sinistrum), and horse conch (Triplofusus giganteus) were counted at 190 stations (each 600 m(2)) each year in shallow-water seagrass beds. Tulip snails were observed most frequently, with a mean density of 1.93 +/- 3.56 snails/600 m(2), with substantially fewer lightning whelks (0.29 +/- 1.04/600 m(2)) and horse conchs (0.10 +/- 0.37/600 m(2)) observed. Horse conchs were distributed more evenly across the 4 Gulf coast regions studied: Panhandle, Big Bend, Nature Coast, and South. Tulip snails were most abundant in the Panhandle and the South, whereas lightning whelks were found predominantly in the South. Snail counts peaked in 2010 and were greatest at the Pine Island Sound site, although mean density was greatest in Sarasota Bay (2.2 snails/600 m(2)). Snails were observed most frequently at the St. Joseph Bay site, where they were present at 74 of the 80 stations surveyed. Statewide commercial fisheries landings data were examined for years 1994 through 2011 and totaled 130,710 true tulip snails (banded tulip snails were not included), 72,230 lightning whelks, and 33,087 horse conchs. The total number landed of both lightning whelks and horse conchs was greater on the west coast of Florida, whereas the total number of true tulip snails landed was greater on the east coast.
C1 [Stephenson, Sarah P.; Sheridan, Nancy E.; Geiger, Stephen P.] Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Arnold, William S.] NOAA, Southeast Reg Off, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
RP Stephenson, SP (reprint author), Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, 100 Eighth Ave SE, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
EM Sarah.Stephenson@MyFWC.com
NR 30
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 20
PU NATL SHELLFISHERIES ASSOC
PI GROTON
PA C/O DR. SANDRA E. SHUMWAY, UNIV CONNECTICUT, 1080 SHENNECOSSETT RD,
GROTON, CT 06340 USA
SN 0730-8000
EI 1943-6319
J9 J SHELLFISH RES
JI J. Shellfish Res.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 32
IS 2
BP 305
EP 313
DI 10.2983/035.032.0209
PG 9
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AB0XS
UT WOS:000331516100009
ER
PT J
AU Ikeda, K
Steiner, M
Pinto, J
Alexander, C
AF Ikeda, Kyoko
Steiner, Matthias
Pinto, James
Alexander, Curtis
TI Evaluation of Cold-Season Precipitation Forecasts Generated by the
Hourly Updating High-Resolution Rapid Refresh Model
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID CONTIGUOUS UNITED-STATES; FREEZING RAIN; ICE PELLETS; HYDROMETEOR
CLASSIFICATION; NONDIMENSIONAL PARAMETER; POLARIZATION EXPERIMENT;
WEATHER PREDICTION; POLARIMETRIC RADAR; WINTER STORMS; PART II
AB The hourly updating High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) model is evaluated with regard to its ability to predict the areal extent of cold-season precipitation and accurately depict the timing and location of regions of snow, rain, and mixed-phase precipitation on the ground. Validation of the HRRR forecasts is performed using observations collected by the Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS) stations across the eastern two-thirds of the United States during the 2010-11 cold season. The results show that the HRRR is able to reliably forecast precipitation extent during the cold season. In particular, the location and areal extent of both snow and rain are very well predicted. Depiction of rain-to-snow transitions and freezing rain is reasonably good; however, the associated evaluation scores are significantly lower than for either snow or rain. The analyses suggest the skill in accurately depicting precipitation extent and phase (i.e., rain, snow, and mixed phase) depends on the size and organization of a weather system. Typically, larger synoptically forced weather systems are better predicted than smaller weather systems, including the associated rain-to-snow transition or freezing-rain areas. Offsets in space or time (i.e., causing misses and false alarms) have a larger effect on the model performance for smaller weather systems.
C1 [Ikeda, Kyoko; Steiner, Matthias; Pinto, James] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Alexander, Curtis] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Ikeda, K (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Res Applicat Lab, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
EM kyoko@ucar.edu
RI Steiner, Matthias/K-5013-2013; Alexander, Curtis/G-4439-2015
OI Steiner, Matthias/0000-0002-3973-375X; Alexander,
Curtis/0000-0001-7888-609X
FU Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)
FX This research was carried out in response to requirements of and funding
from the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). The views expressed are
those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official
policy or position of the FAA. The authors are thankful to Sara Ziegler
for her tireless efforts preparing the ASOS observation dataset for this
study, and Gerry Wiener for developing the object-based precipitation
area determination algorithm. Greg Thompson provided valuable insights
about the model microphysics used in the HRRR. The thoughtful comments
by two anonymous reviewers helped sharpen the discussion and improve the
paper overall.
NR 64
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 11
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
EI 1520-0434
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 28
IS 4
BP 921
EP 939
DI 10.1175/WAF-D-12-00085.1
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 301LB
UT WOS:000330532700001
ER
PT J
AU Potvin, CK
Wicker, LJ
AF Potvin, Corey K.
Wicker, Louis J.
TI Assessing Ensemble Forecasts of Low-Level Supercell Rotation within an
OSSE Framework
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID SYSTEM SIMULATION EXPERIMENTS; RADAR DATA ASSIMILATION; SCALE WIND
ANALYSES; WARN-ON-FORECAST; KALMAN FILTER; CONVECTIVE STORMS; BULK
MICROPHYSICS; FLANK DOWNDRAFTS; MOIST CONVECTION; DUAL-DOPPLER
AB Under the envisioned warn-on-forecast (WoF) paradigm, ensemble model guidance will play an increasingly critical role in the tornado warning process. While computational constraints will likely preclude explicit tornado prediction in initial WoF systems, real-time forecasts of low-level mesocyclone-scale rotation appear achievable within the next decade. Given that low-level mesocyclones are significantly more likely than higher-based mesocyclones to be tornadic, intensity and trajectory forecasts of low-level supercell rotation could provide valuable guidance to tornado warning and nowcasting operations. The efficacy of such forecasts is explored using three simulated supercells having weak, moderate, or strong low-level rotation. The results suggest early WoF systems may provide useful probabilistic 30-60-min forecasts of low-level supercell rotation, even in cases of large radar-storm distances and/or narrow cross-beam angles. Given the idealized nature of the experiments, however, they are best viewed as providing an upper-limit estimate of the accuracy of early WoF systems.
C1 [Potvin, Corey K.] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Potvin, Corey K.; Wicker, Louis J.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, OAR, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
RP Potvin, CK (reprint author), Natl Weather Ctr, Natl Severe Storms Lab, 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM corey.potvin@noaa.gov
FU National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the
NOAA/National Severe Storms Laboratory
FX The first author was supported by a National Research Council Research
Associateship Award at the NOAA/National Severe Storms Laboratory. We
thank David Stensrud and Thomas Jones for their helpful suggestions on a
preliminary version of this paper. We are also grateful for the
thoughtful critiques of Jim Marquis, David Dowell, and an anonymous
reviewer.
NR 45
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
EI 1520-0434
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 28
IS 4
BP 940
EP 960
DI 10.1175/WAF-D-12-00122.1
PG 21
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 301LB
UT WOS:000330532700002
ER
PT J
AU Duda, JD
Gallus, WA
AF Duda, Jeffrey D.
Gallus, William A., Jr.
TI The Impact of Large-Scale Forcing on Skill of Simulated Convective
Initiation and Upscale Evolution with Convection-Allowing Grid Spacings
in the WRF
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID SEVERE WEATHER REPORTS; PRECIPITATION FORECASTS; EXPLICIT FORECASTS;
MOIST CONVECTION; BOW ECHOES; PART I; MODEL; PREDICTABILITY;
IMPLEMENTATION; VERIFICATION
AB A set of mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) was simulated using the Weather Research and Forecasting model with 3-km grid spacing to investigate the skill at predicting convective initiation and upscale evolution into an MCS. Precipitation was verified using equitable threat scores (ETSs), the neighborhood-based fractions skill score (FSS), and the Method of Object-Based Diagnostic Evaluation. An illustrative case study more closely examines the strong influence that smaller-scale forcing features had on convective initiation.
Initiation errors for the 36 cases were in the south-southwest direction on average, with a mean absolute displacement error of 105 km. No systematic temporal error existed, as the errors were approximately normally distributed. Despite earlier findings that quantitative precipitation forecast skill in convection-parameterizing simulations is a function of the strength of large-scale forcing, this relationship was not present in the present study for convective initiation. However, upscale evolution was better predicted for more strongly forced events according to ETSs and FSSs. For the upscale evolution, the relationship between ETSs and object-based ratings was poor. There was also little correspondence between object-based ratings and the skill at convective initiation. The lack of a relationship between the strength of large-scale forcing and model skill at forecasting initiation is likely due to a combination of factors, including the strong role of small-scale features that exert an influence on initiation, and potential errors in the analyses used to represent observations. The limit of predictability of individual convective storms on a 3-km grid must also be considered.
C1 [Duda, Jeffrey D.; Gallus, William A., Jr.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Geol & Atmospher Sci, Ames, IA USA.
RP Duda, JD (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Natl Weather Ctr, Ctr Anal & Predict Storms, Rm 2500,120 David Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM jeffduda319@gmail.com
FU National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Climate and
Environmental Sciences Division; NSF [ATM-0848200]; American Recovery
and Reinvestment Act [ATM-1222383]
FX The authors thank Tara Jensen and John Halley Gotway of NCAR for their
help with MODE, and Eric Aligo for help with WRF coding issues. The
constructive feedback from three anonymous reviewers, and from Mike
Baldwin, was invaluable. Stage IV data were provided by NCAR/EOL under
sponsorship of the National Science Foundation
(http://data.eol.ucar.edu/). Some RUC data were obtained from the
Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program sponsored by the U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and
Environmental Research, Climate and Environmental Sciences Division.
This project took advantage of netCDF software developed by
UCAR/Unidata. This work was supported by NSF Grants ATM-0848200, with
funds from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, and
ATM-1222383.
NR 36
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
EI 1520-0434
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 28
IS 4
BP 994
EP 1018
DI 10.1175/WAF-D-13-00005.1
PG 25
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 301LB
UT WOS:000330532700005
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, KQ
Li, YP
Liu, HQ
Rhome, J
Forbes, C
AF Zhang, Keqi
Li, Yuepeng
Liu, Huiqing
Rhome, Jamie
Forbes, Cristina
TI Transition of the Coastal and Estuarine Storm Tide Model to an
Operational Storm Surge Forecast Model: A Case Study of the Florida
Coast
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID BOTTOM STRESS; REAL-TIME; EQUATIONS; CIRCULATION; INUNDATION; SCHEME;
SYSTEM; OCEAN
AB The operational forecast demands and constraints of the National Hurricane Center require that a storm surge model in research mode be tested against a benchmark model such as Sea, Lake, and Overland Surges from Hurricanes (SLOSH) for accuracy, computation time, and numerical stability before the model is used for operational forecasts. Additionally, the simulated results must be in a geographic information system format to facilitate the usage of computed storm surge for various applications. This paper presents results from a demonstration project to explore the pathway for the transition of the Coastal and Estuarine Storm Tide (CEST) model to an operational forecast model by testing CEST over SLOSH basins in Florida. The performance and stability of CEST were examined by conducting simulations for Hurricane Andrew (1992) and more than 100 000 synthetic hurricanes for nine SLOSH basins covering the Florida coast and Lake Okeechobee. The results show that CEST produces peak surge heights similar to those from SLOSH. Additionally, CEST has proven to be numerically stable against all synthetic hurricanes and the computation time of CEST is comparable to that of SLOSH. Therefore, CEST has the potential to be used for operational forecasts of storm surge. The potential of producing more detailed real-time surge inundation forecasts was also investigated through the simulations of Andrew's surge on various grids with different cell sizes. The results indicate that CEST can produce 48-h forecasts using a single processor in about 40 min over a grid generated by reducing the cell edge size of the SLOSH grid by 4 times.
C1 [Zhang, Keqi] Florida Int Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
[Zhang, Keqi; Li, Yuepeng; Liu, Huiqing] Florida Int Univ, Int Hurricane Res Ctr, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
[Rhome, Jamie; Forbes, Cristina] NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Natl Ctr Environm Predict, Natl Hurricane Ctr, Miami, FL USA.
RP Zhang, KQ (reprint author), Florida Int Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
EM zhangk@fiu.edu
FU NOAA [NA09NWS4680018]
FX Drs. Keqi Zhang, Yuepeng Li, and Huiqing Liu were supported by NOAA
Grant NA09NWS4680018. We thank Drs. Edward Rapport and Chris Landsea at
the NHC for reviewing the manuscript and providing valuable comments. We
also thank three anonymous reviewers for valuable comments and
suggestions. Discussion with Arthur Taylor and Dr. Harry Glahn at the
MDL helped the corresponding author better understand the SLOSH model
and the basin development process. Bobby Louangsaysongkham at the MDL
provided ArcGIS shapefiles for SLOSH basins and an associated document.
Michael Lowry at the NHC created Fig. 1. The findings and conclusions
presented in this paper are entirely those of the authors and do not
necessarily reflect the views of either the NHC or NOAA.
NR 43
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
EI 1520-0434
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 28
IS 4
BP 1019
EP 1037
DI 10.1175/WAF-D-12-00076.1
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 301LB
UT WOS:000330532700006
ER
PT J
AU Chawla, A
Tolman, HL
Gerald, V
Spindler, D
Spindler, T
Alves, JHGM
Cao, DG
Hanson, JL
Devaliere, EM
AF Chawla, Arun
Tolman, Hendrik L.
Gerald, Vera
Spindler, Deanna
Spindler, Todd
Alves, Jose-Henrique G. M.
Cao, Degui
Hanson, Jeffrey L.
Devaliere, Eve-Marie
TI A Multigrid Wave Forecasting Model: A New Paradigm in Operational Wave
Forecasting
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID DEEP-WATER WAVES; SEA-SURFACE; PART I; BREAKING; STRENGTH; SYSTEM;
ONSET; DISSIPATION; NCEP
AB A new operational wave forecasting system has been implemented at the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) using the third public release of WAVEWATCH III. The new system uses a mosaic of grids with two-way nesting in a single model. This global system replaces a previous operational wave modeling suite (based on the second release of WAVEWATCH III). The new forecast system consists of nine grids at different resolutions to provide the National Weather Service (NWS) and NCEP centers with model guidance of suitable resolution for all areas where they have the responsibility of providing gridded forecast products. New features introduced in WAVEWATCH III, such as two-way nesting between grids and carving out selected areas of the computational domain, have allowed the operational model to increase spatial resolution and extend the global domain closer to the North Pole, while at the same time optimizing the computational cost. A spectral partitioning algorithm has been implemented to separate individual sea states from the overall spectrum, thus providing additional products for multiple sea states. Field output data are now packed in version 2 of the gridded binary (GRIB2) format and apart from the standard mean wave parameters, they also include parameters of partitioned wave spectra. The partitioning is currently limited to three fields: the wind-wave component, and primary and secondary swells. The modeling system has been validated against data using a multiyear hindcast database as well as archived forecasts. Anew software tool developed by the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) is used to extend the analysis from overall error estimates to separate skill scores for wind seas and swells.
C1 [Chawla, Arun; Tolman, Hendrik L.; Gerald, Vera] NOAA, NCEP, College Pk, MD USA.
[Spindler, Deanna; Spindler, Todd] NOAA, NCEP, IMSG, Rockville, MD USA.
[Alves, Jose-Henrique G. M.] NOAA, NCEP, SRG, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Cao, Degui] NOAA, NCEP, SAIC, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Hanson, Jeffrey L.; Devaliere, Eve-Marie] USACE Field Res Facil, Kitty Hawk, NC USA.
RP Chawla, A (reprint author), NOAA, NCEP, 5200 Auth Rd, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
EM arun.chawla@noaa.gov
NR 49
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
EI 1520-0434
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 28
IS 4
BP 1057
EP 1078
DI 10.1175/WAF-D-12-00007.1
PG 22
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 301LB
UT WOS:000330532700008
ER
PT J
AU Thome, K
Goldberg, M
Mita, D
Stensaas, GL
AF Thome, Kurt
Goldberg, Mitch
Mita, Dath
Stensaas, Gregory L.
CA JACIE Team
TI JACIE: A MODEL PARTNERSHIP
SO PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Thome, Kurt] NASA, Washington, DC 20546 USA.
[Goldberg, Mitch] NOAA, Washington, DC USA.
[Mita, Dath] USDA, Washington, DC USA.
[Stensaas, Gregory L.] USGS, Garretson, SD USA.
RP Thome, K (reprint author), NASA, Washington, DC 20546 USA.
RI Thome, Kurtis/D-7251-2012
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC PHOTOGRAMMETRY
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 210, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2160 USA
SN 0099-1112
J9 PHOTOGRAMM ENG REM S
JI Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 79
IS 8
BP 681
EP 682
PG 2
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing;
Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA 295CC
UT WOS:000330093200002
ER
PT J
AU Huang, CH
Hwang, C
Hsiao, YS
Wang, YM
Roman, DR
AF Huang, Chi-Hsun
Hwang, Cheinway
Hsiao, Yu-Shen
Wang, Yan Ming
Roman, Daniel R.
TI Analysis of Alabama Airborne Gravity at Three Altitudes: Expected
Accuracy and Spatial Resolution from a Future Tibetan Airborne Gravity
Survey
SO TERRESTRIAL ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Airborne gravity; Alabama; Downward continuation; Gravity anomaly; Tibet
ID MOHO UNDULATIONS; ISLAND; SEA
AB In situ airborne gravity data at altitudes of 11, 6.3, and 1.7 km over a smooth area of Alabama are used to assess gravity accuracy and errors in upward and downward continuations. Analysis of the Alabama free-air anomaly gravity data at crossover points at the three altitudes suggests 1 - 2 mgal accuracy for the dataset. Gravity data at each altitude are then expanded into local 3D Fourier series, to prepare for continuation. This Fourier representation results in continuation errors at few-mgal level in Alabama, even in the extreme case of downward continuation from 11 km to sea level. The result in Alabama inspires an airborne gravity survey over the rough, inaccessible terrain of Tibet. Similar investigations as in Alabama are made in Tibet using EGM08-derived airborne gravity data at flight altitudes of 10, 5, and 0 km. Bouguer anomalies at the 10-km altitude preserve the major tectonic features of Tibet. Downward continuation errors increase with terrain roughness, but the survey can enhance local tectonic features. This study highlights the value of a future Tibetan airborne gravity survey and points out the expected gravity accuracy and spatial resolution from this survey.
C1 [Huang, Chi-Hsun; Hwang, Cheinway] Natl Chiao Tung Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
[Hsiao, Yu-Shen] Natl Chung Hsing Univ, Dept Soil & Water Conservat, Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
[Wang, Yan Ming; Roman, Daniel R.] Natl Geodet Survey, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Hwang, C (reprint author), Natl Chiao Tung Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
EM cheinway@mail.nctu.edu.tw
FU National Land Surveying and Mapping Center, Ministry of the Interior,
Taiwan; NSFC (mainland China) [41128003]; National Geodetic Survey, USA
FX This study is supported by National Land Surveying and Mapping Center,
Ministry of the Interior, Taiwan, under the project "Nearshore shipborne
gravity survey," and by NSFC (mainland China) under grant No. 41128003.
The support from the National Geodetic Survey, USA, is administrated
under the GRAV-D project. We thank three anonymous referees for their
reviews that improved the quality of this paper.
NR 19
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU CHINESE GEOSCIENCE UNION
PI TAIPEI
PA PO BOX 23-59, TAIPEI 10764, TAIWAN
SN 1017-0839
J9 TERR ATMOS OCEAN SCI
JI Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 24
IS 4
SI SI
BP 551
EP 563
DI 10.3319/TAO.2012.10.30.01(TibXS)
PN 1
PG 13
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
Oceanography
SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
GA 292IF
UT WOS:000329894700009
ER
PT J
AU Mathias, S
La-O-vorakiat, C
Shaw, JM
Turgut, E
Grychtol, P
Adam, R
Rudolf, D
Nembach, HT
Silva, TJ
Aeschlimann, M
Schneider, CM
Kapteyn, HC
Murnane, MM
AF Mathias, Stefan
La-o-vorakiat, Chan
Shaw, Justin M.
Turgut, Emrah
Grychtol, Patrik
Adam, Roman
Rudolf, Dennis
Nembach, Hans T.
Silva, Thomas J.
Aeschlimann, Martin
Schneider, Claus M.
Kapteyn, Henry C.
Murnane, Margaret M.
TI Ultrafast element-specific magnetization dynamics of complex magnetic
materials on a table-top
SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED PHENOMENA
LA English
DT Article
DE Magnetism; Ultrafast; Femtosecond; Dynamics; High-harmonic generation;
Material science; X-ray
ID FE M-2,M-3 EDGE; NONLINEAR OPTICS; REFLECTION SPECTROSCOPY; ELECTRON
DISTRIBUTIONS; ANGULAR-MOMENTUM; SPIN DYNAMICS; X-RAYS; DEMAGNETIZATION;
MAGNETOOPTICS; GENERATION
AB We review recent progress in femtosecond magnetization dynamics probed by extreme ultraviolet pulses from high-harmonic generation. In a transverse magneto-optical Kerr geometry, we established an ultrafast, element-specific experimental capability on a table-top for the measurement of magnetization dynamics in complex multi-sublattice magnets and multilayer magnetic structures. We show that this newly introduced technique is an artifact-free magnetic sensor, with only negligible non-magnetic (optical) contributions from the transient variation of the refractive index due to the presence of a non equilibrium hot-electron distribution. We then use these new experimental capabilities of ultrahigh time-resolution, combined with element-specific simultaneous probing, to disentangle important microscopic processes that drive magnetization dynamics on femtosecond timescales. We elucidate the role of exchange interaction on magnetization dynamics in strongly exchange-coupled alloys, and the role of photo-induced superdiffusive spin currents in magnetic multilayer stacks. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Mathias, Stefan; Aeschlimann, Martin] Univ Kaiserslautern, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
[Mathias, Stefan; Aeschlimann, Martin] Res Ctr OPTIMAS, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
[Mathias, Stefan; La-o-vorakiat, Chan; Turgut, Emrah; Grychtol, Patrik; Kapteyn, Henry C.; Murnane, Margaret M.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Mathias, Stefan; La-o-vorakiat, Chan; Turgut, Emrah; Grychtol, Patrik; Kapteyn, Henry C.; Murnane, Margaret M.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Mathias, Stefan; La-o-vorakiat, Chan; Turgut, Emrah; Grychtol, Patrik; Kapteyn, Henry C.; Murnane, Margaret M.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Grychtol, Patrik; Adam, Roman; Rudolf, Dennis; Schneider, Claus M.] Res Ctr Julich, Peter Grunberg Inst PGI 6, D-52425 Julich, Germany.
[Grychtol, Patrik; Adam, Roman; Rudolf, Dennis; Schneider, Claus M.] Res Ctr Julich, JARA FIT, D-52425 Julich, Germany.
[Shaw, Justin M.; Nembach, Hans T.; Silva, Thomas J.] NIST, Electromagnet Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Mathias, S (reprint author), Univ Kaiserslautern, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
EM smathias@physik.uni-kl.de
RI Shaw, Justin/C-1845-2008; Aeschlimann, Martin/D-7141-2011; Turgut,
Emrah/D-2616-2014; Mathias, Stefan/I-4679-2012; Silva,
Thomas/C-7605-2013; Schneider, Claus/H-7453-2012;
OI Shaw, Justin/0000-0003-2027-1521; Aeschlimann,
Martin/0000-0003-3413-5029; Turgut, Emrah/0000-0001-8846-2223; Silva,
Thomas/0000-0001-8164-9642; Schneider, Claus/0000-0002-3920-6255;
Grychtol, Patrik/0000-0002-7042-9334
FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-FG02-09ER46652]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [Schn-353/17,
AE-19/20, GR 4234/1-1]; European Community [GA 253316]
FX Contribution of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, an
agency of the U.S. government, not subject to U.S. copyright. The
authors gratefully acknowledge funding from the U.S. Department of
Energy Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Award #DE-FG02-09ER46652 and
from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, #Schn-353/17, #AE-19/20 and
#GR 4234/1-1. S.M. was supported by the European Community's FP7 under
Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship GA 253316. We also thank
P.M. Oppeneer and M. Battiato (Uppsala University) for valuable
discussions.
NR 53
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 2
U2 38
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0368-2048
EI 1873-2526
J9 J ELECTRON SPECTROSC
JI J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 189
BP 164
EP 170
DI 10.1016/j.elspec.2012.11.013
PG 7
WC Spectroscopy
SC Spectroscopy
GA 285VL
UT WOS:000329423000028
ER
PT J
AU Fernandes, JA
Cheung, WWL
Jennings, S
Butenschon, M
de Mora, L
Frolicher, TL
Barange, M
Grant, A
AF Fernandes, Jose A.
Cheung, William W. L.
Jennings, Simon
Butenschoen, Momme
de Mora, Lee
Froelicher, Thomas L.
Barange, Manuel
Grant, Alastair
TI Modelling the effects of climate change on the distribution and
production of marine fishes: accounting for trophic interactions in a
dynamic bioclimate envelope model
SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE biological feedback; climate change; competition; ecosystem approach;
fisheries management; model validation; modelling; size spectrum;
species interactions
ID ECOSYSTEM APPROACH; GLOBAL FISHERIES; NORTH-SEA; IMPACTS; OCEAN;
BIOMASS; ASSEMBLAGE; EFFICIENCY; COMMUNITY; ABUNDANCE
AB Climate change has already altered the distribution of marine fishes. Future predictions of fish distributions and catches based on bioclimate envelope models are available, but to date they have not considered interspecific interactions. We address this by combining the species-based Dynamic Bioclimate Envelope Model (DBEM) with a size-based trophic model. The new approach provides spatially and temporally resolved predictions of changes in species' size, abundance and catch potential that account for the effects of ecological interactions. Predicted latitudinal shifts are, on average, reduced by 20% when species interactions are incorporated, compared to DBEM predictions, with pelagic species showing the greatest reductions. Goodness-of-fit of biomass data from fish stock assessments in the North Atlantic between 1991 and 2003 is improved slightly by including species interactions. The differences between predictions from the two models may be relatively modest because, at the North Atlantic basin scale, (i) predators and competitors may respond to climate change together; (ii) existing parameterization of the DBEM might implicitly incorporate trophic interactions; and/or (iii) trophic interactions might not be the main driver of responses to climate. Future analyses using ecologically explicit models and data will improve understanding of the effects of inter-specific interactions on responses to climate change, and better inform managers about plausible ecological and fishery consequences of a changing environment.
C1 [Fernandes, Jose A.; Jennings, Simon; Grant, Alastair] Univ E Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England.
[Fernandes, Jose A.; Butenschoen, Momme; de Mora, Lee; Barange, Manuel] Plymouth Marine Lab, Plymouth PL13 DH, Devon, England.
[Cheung, William W. L.] Univ British Columbia, Changing Ocean Res Unit, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Jennings, Simon] Ctr Environm Fisheries & Aquaculture Sci, Lowestoft NR33 0HT, Suffolk, England.
[Froelicher, Thomas L.] Princeton Univ, Atmospher & Ocean Sci Program, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Fernandes, JA (reprint author), Univ E Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England.
EM j.fernandes@uea.ac.uk
RI Jennings, Simon/F-5085-2012; , William/F-5104-2013; Frolicher,
Thomas/E-5137-2015; Barange, Manuel/D-2689-2016;
OI , William/0000-0003-3626-1045; Frolicher, Thomas/0000-0003-2348-7854;
Barange, Manuel/0000-0002-1508-0483; Butenschon,
Momme/0000-0002-4592-9927; Grant, Alastair/0000-0002-1147-2375
FU EURO-BASIN of the European Union's 7th Framework Program [264933];
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National
Geographic Society
FX The research was funded by EURO-BASIN of the European Union's 7th
Framework Program (Grant Agreement No. 264933). W. Cheung acknowledges
funding support from Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council
of Canada and National Geographic Society. The funders had no role in
study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript.
NR 57
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 5
U2 71
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1354-1013
EI 1365-2486
J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL
JI Glob. Change Biol.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 19
IS 8
BP 2596
EP 2607
DI 10.1111/gcb.12231
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 276IV
UT WOS:000328744900025
PM 23625663
ER
PT J
AU Krakauer, NY
Pradhanag, SM
Lakhankar, T
Jha, AK
AF Krakauer, Nir Y.
Pradhanag, Soni M.
Lakhankar, Tarendra
Jha, Ajay K.
TI Evaluating Satellite Products for Precipitation Estimation in Mountain
Regions: A Case Study for Nepal
SO REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE quantitative precipitation estimation; Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency; Nepal;
Himalayas; monsoon Asia
ID WATER-RESOURCES; GAUGE DATA; RAINFALL; MICROWAVE; HIMALAYAS; TRMM;
MANAGEMENT; NETWORK; EVENTS; RADAR
AB Precipitation in mountain regions is often highly variable and poorly observed, limiting abilities to manage water resource challenges. Here, we evaluate remote sensing and ground station-based gridded precipitation products over Nepal against weather station precipitation observations on a monthly timescale. We find that the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) 3B-43 precipitation product exhibits little mean bias and reasonable skill in giving precipitation over Nepal. Compared to station observations, the TRMM precipitation product showed an overall Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency of 0.49, which is similar to the skill of the gridded station-based product Asian Precipitation-Highly Resolved Observational Data Integration Towards Evaluation of Water Resources (APHRODITE). The other satellite precipitation products considered (Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP), the Climate Prediction Center Morphing technique (CMORPH), Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information Using Artificial Neural Networks-Cloud Classification System (PERSIANN-CCS)) were less skillful, as judged by Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency, and, on average, substantially underestimated precipitation compared to station observations, despite their, in some cases, higher nominal spatial resolution compared to TRMM. None of the products fully captured the dependence of mean precipitation on elevation seen in the station observations. Overall, the TRMM product is promising for use in water resources applications.
C1 [Krakauer, Nir Y.; Lakhankar, Tarendra] CUNY City Coll, Dept Civil Engn, New York, NY 10031 USA.
[Pradhanag, Soni M.] CUNY City Coll, NOAA CREST, New York, NY 10031 USA.
[Pradhanag, Soni M.] CUNY, Inst Sustainable Cities, Kingston, NY 12401 USA.
[Jha, Ajay K.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Krakauer, NY (reprint author), CUNY City Coll, Dept Civil Engn, New York, NY 10031 USA.
EM nkrakauer@ccny.cuny.edu; soni.pradhanang@hunter.cuny.edu;
tlakhankar@ccny.cuny.edu; ajay.jha@colostate.edu
RI Lakhankar, Tarendra/F-9490-2011
OI Lakhankar, Tarendra/0000-0002-4759-2141
FU USAID Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Collaborative Research for
Adapting Livestock Systems [9650-32]
FX We are grateful to the Nepal Department of Hydrology and Meteorology and
the PRADYP and SHARE projects for collecting station precipitation data
and for the TRMM, GSMaP, CMORPH, PERSIANN and APHRODITE projects for
creating and making available their precipitation products. This work is
part of the project "Adaptation for climate change by livestock small
holders in Gandaki river basin", supported by the USAID Feed the Future
Innovation Lab for Collaborative Research for Adapting Livestock Systems
to Climate Change at Colorado State University under subaward 9650-32.
All statements made are the views of the authors and not the opinions of
the funders or the US government.
NR 40
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 4
U2 24
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2072-4292
J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL
JI Remote Sens.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 5
IS 8
BP 4107
EP 4123
DI 10.3390/rs5084107
PG 17
WC Remote Sensing
SC Remote Sensing
GA 274SI
UT WOS:000328626100021
ER
PT J
AU Hoef, JMV
AF Hoef, Jay M. Ver
TI Ver Hoef, J. M. (2012), "Who Invented the Delta Method," The American
Statistician, 66, 124-127: Comment by S. Portnoy and Reply Reply
SO AMERICAN STATISTICIAN
LA English
DT Letter
C1 NOAA, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Seattle, WA USA.
RP Hoef, JMV (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Seattle, WA USA.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 732 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1943 USA
SN 0003-1305
EI 1537-2731
J9 AM STAT
JI Am. Stat.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 67
IS 3
BP 190
EP 190
PG 1
WC Statistics & Probability
SC Mathematics
GA 238AB
UT WOS:000325911700010
ER
PT J
AU Schnier, KE
Felthoven, RG
AF Schnier, Kurt E.
Felthoven, Ronald G.
TI Production Efficiency and Exit in Rights-Based Fisheries
SO LAND ECONOMICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TECHNICAL INEFFICIENCY; STATISTICAL PROPERTIES; MANAGEMENT REFORM;
ECONOMIC-BENEFITS; PROCESSING SECTOR; RESOURCE; PROPERTY; MODEL;
ELASTICITIES; POLICY
AB Economic theory predicts that the least-efficient vessels are more likely to exit a fishery following the transition to an individual transferable quota (ITQ) management regime. Tools are needed to help analysts predict the likely degree and distribution of consolidation prior to implementing ITQ programs. This research utilizes a one-stage estimation procedure to determine the degree to which one's technical inefficiency preceding an ITQ regime influences the likelihood of exiting. Our results indicate that a vessel's measure of technical inefficiency is a significant and positive factor in explaining whether it exits the fishery following the implementation of ITQs.
C1 [Schnier, Kurt E.] Georgia State Univ, Andrew Young Sch Policy Studies, Dept Econ, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA.
[Felthoven, Ronald G.] US Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA USA.
RP Schnier, KE (reprint author), Georgia State Univ, Andrew Young Sch Policy Studies, Dept Econ, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA.
NR 37
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 13
PU UNIV WISCONSIN
PI MADISON
PA SOCIAL SCIENCE BLDG, MADISON, WI 53706 USA
SN 0023-7639
EI 1543-8325
J9 LAND ECON
JI Land Econ.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 89
IS 3
BP 538
EP 557
PG 20
WC Economics; Environmental Studies
SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 245QO
UT WOS:000326479100009
ER
PT J
AU Eppeldauer, GP
AF Eppeldauer, George P.
TI Spectral responsivity-based calibration of photometer and colorimeter
standards
SO JOURNAL OF MODERN OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
DE color calibration; detector-based colorimetry; illuminance responsivity;
LED colorimetry; matrix correction; photometer standard; tristimulus
colorimeter
ID TRISTIMULUS-COLORIMETERS; IRRADIANCE; SCALE; NIST
AB Several new generation transfer- and working-standard illuminance meters and tristimulus colorimeters have been developed at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) [1] to measure all kinds of light sources with low uncertainty. The spectral and broad-band (illuminance) responsivities of the photometer (Y) channels of two tristimulus meters were determined at both the Spectral Irradiance and Radiance Responsivity Calibrations using Uniform Sources (SIRCUS) facility and the Spectral Comparator Facility (SCF) [2]. The two illuminance responsivities agreed within 0.1% with an overall uncertainty of 0.2% (k = 2), which is a factor of two improvement over the present NIST photometric scale. The first detector-based tristimulus color scale [3] was realized. All channels of the reference tristimulus colorimeter were calibrated at the SIRCUS. The other tristimulus meters were calibrated at the SCF and also against the reference meter on the photometry bench in broad-band measurement mode. The agreement between detector- and source-based calibrations was within 3 K when a tungsten lamp-standard was measured at 2856 K and 3100 K [4]. The color-temperature uncertainty of tungsten lamp measurements was 4 K (k = 2) between 2300 K and 3200 K, which is a factor of two improvement over the presently used NIST source-based color temperature scale. One colorimeter was extended with an additional (fifth) channel to apply software implemented matrix corrections. With this correction, the spectral mismatch caused color difference errors were decreased by a factor of 20 for single-color LEDs.
C1 NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Eppeldauer, GP (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM george.eppeldauer@nist.gov
NR 15
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 13
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0950-0340
EI 1362-3044
J9 J MOD OPTIC
JI J. Mod. Opt.
PD AUG 1
PY 2013
VL 60
IS 14
SI SI
BP 1124
EP 1135
DI 10.1080/09500340.2013.803622
PG 12
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 244ET
UT WOS:000326370600005
ER
PT J
AU Kawabata, T
Ohno, Y
AF Kawabata, Tokihisa
Ohno, Yoshi
TI Optical measurements of OLED panels for lighting applications
SO JOURNAL OF MODERN OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
DE organic light-emitting diode (OLED); measurement; photometry;
colorimetry; luminous flux; chromaticity; optical characteristics
AB Optical characteristics of organic light-emitting diode (OLED) panels have been investigated for the purpose of developing a test method for OLED panels for lighting applications. The electrical characteristics, total luminous flux and chromaticity (x, y), and their dependence on supply current, stabilization time, ambient temperature, and operating position, were measured and evaluated. Directional characteristics of these panels, including angular luminous intensity and chromaticity distributions as well as spatial non-uniformity of luminance and temperature, were also measured and evaluated. From the data obtained, critical optical characteristics to be measured for OLED panels and suitable measurement methods and conditions for testing OLED panels are discussed.
C1 [Kawabata, Tokihisa; Ohno, Yoshi] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Kawabata, T (reprint author), Konica Minolta Inc, Sakai Ku, 3-91 Daisennishi Machi, Sakai, Osaka 5908551, Japan.
EM tokihisa.kawabata@konicaminolta.jp
NR 10
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 14
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0950-0340
EI 1362-3044
J9 J MOD OPTIC
JI J. Mod. Opt.
PD AUG 1
PY 2013
VL 60
IS 14
SI SI
BP 1176
EP 1186
DI 10.1080/09500340.2013.806681
PG 11
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 244ET
UT WOS:000326370600011
ER
PT J
AU Shah, M
AF Shah, Mili
TI Solving the Robot-World/Hand-Eye Calibration Problem Using the Kronecker
Product
SO JOURNAL OF MECHANISMS AND ROBOTICS-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
LA English
DT Article
DE robotics; computer vision; robot-world calibration; hand-eye
calibration; six degrees of freedom; translation; rotation; camera
calibration; registration
ID HOMOGENEOUS TRANSFORM EQUATIONS; AX = XB; HAND-EYE; DUAL-QUATERNIONS;
SENSOR; BASE
AB This paper constructs a separable closed-form solution to the robot-world/hand-eye calibration problem AX = YB. Qualifications and properties that determine the uniqueness of X and Y as well as error metrics that measure the accuracy of a given X and Y are given. The formulation of the solution involves the Kronecker product and the singular value decomposition. The method is compared with existing solutions on simulated data and real data. It is shown that the Kronecker method that is presented in this paper is a reliable and accurate method for solving the robot-world/hand-eye calibration problem.
C1 [Shah, Mili] Loyola Univ Maryland, Dept Math & Stat, Baltimore, MD 21210 USA.
[Shah, Mili] NIST, Intelligent Syst Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Shah, M (reprint author), Loyola Univ Maryland, Dept Math & Stat, 4501 North Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21210 USA.
EM mishah@loyola.edu
NR 26
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 26
PU ASME
PI NEW YORK
PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 1942-4302
EI 1942-4310
J9 J MECH ROBOT
JI J. Mech. Robot.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 5
IS 3
AR 031007
DI 10.1115/1.4024473
PG 7
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Robotics
SC Engineering; Robotics
GA 241SF
UT WOS:000326187200007
ER
PT J
AU Carpenter, I
Archibald, RK
Evans, KJ
Larkin, J
Micikevicius, P
Norman, M
Rosinski, J
Schwarzmeier, J
Taylor, MA
AF Carpenter, I.
Archibald, R. K.
Evans, K. J.
Larkin, J.
Micikevicius, P.
Norman, M.
Rosinski, J.
Schwarzmeier, J.
Taylor, M. A.
TI Progress towards accelerating HOMME on hybrid multi-core systems
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE CAM; HOMME; GPU; scalability; tracer
ID DYNAMICAL CORE; MODELS; SCHEME
AB The suitability of a spectral element based dynamical core (HOMME) within the Community Atmospheric Model (CAM) for GPU-based architectures is examined and initial performance results are reported. This work was done within a project to enable CAM to run at high resolution on next-generation, multi-petaflop systems. The dynamical core is the present focus because it dominates the performance profile of our target problem. HOMME enjoys good scalability due to its underlying cubed-sphere mesh with full two-dimensional decomposition and the localization of all computational work within each element. The thread blocking and code changes that allow HOMME to effectively use GPUs are described along with a rewritten vertical remapping scheme, which improves performance on both CPUs and GPUs. Validation of results in the full HOMME model is also described. We demonstrate that the most expensive kernel in the model executes more than three times faster on the GPU than the CPU. These improvements are expected to provide improved efficiency when incorporated into the full model that has been configured for the target problem. Remaining issues affecting performance include optimizing the boundary exchanges for the case of multiple spectral elements being computed on the GPU.
C1 [Carpenter, I.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Computat Sci Grp, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Archibald, R. K.; Norman, M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Evans, K. J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Computat Earth Sci Grp, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Larkin, J.] Cray Inc, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Micikevicius, P.] NVIDIA, Santa Clara, CA USA.
[Rosinski, J.] NOAA, ESRL, Boulder, CO USA.
[Schwarzmeier, J.] Cray Inc, Chippewa Falls, WI USA.
[Taylor, M. A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
RP Carpenter, I (reprint author), Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Computat Sci Ctr, 1617 Cole Blvd,MS 1622, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM Ilene.Carpenter@nrel.gov
RI Archibald, Rick/I-6238-2016;
OI Archibald, Rick/0000-0002-4538-9780; Evans,
Katherine/0000-0001-8174-6450
FU Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX MAT and KJE have been supported by the DOE BER SciDAC project, 'A
Scalable and Extensible Earth System'. This research used resources of
the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility at the Oak Ridge National
Laboratory, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S.
Department of Energy under Contract Number DE-AC05-00OR22725.
NR 19
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 17
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 1094-3420
EI 1741-2846
J9 INT J HIGH PERFORM C
JI Int. J. High Perform. Comput. Appl.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 27
IS 3
SI SI
BP 335
EP 347
DI 10.1177/1094342012462751
PG 13
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science,
Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods
SC Computer Science
GA 239AI
UT WOS:000325993400011
ER
PT J
AU Yong, B
Ren, LL
Hong, Y
Gourley, JJ
Chen, X
Dong, JW
Wang, WG
Shen, Y
Hardy, J
AF Yong, Bin
Ren, Liliang
Hong, Yang
Gourley, Jonathan J.
Chen, Xi
Dong, Jinwei
Wang, Weiguang
Shen, Yan
Hardy, Jill
TI Spatial-Temporal Changes of Water Resources in a Typical Semiarid Basin
of North China over the Past 50 Years and Assessment of Possible Natural
and Socioeconomic Causes
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Hydrologic cycle; Hydrology; Hydrometeorology; Annual variations;
Climate variability
ID YELLOW-RIVER BASIN; CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES; GLOBAL RIVERS;
STREAMFLOW; IMPACTS; RUNOFF; TRENDS; VARIABILITY; DROUGHT
AB Hydrological processes in most semiarid regions on Earth have been changing under the impacts of climate change, human activities, or combinations of the two. This paper first presents a trend analysis of the spatiotemporal changes in water resources and then diagnoses their underlying atmospheric and socioeconomic causes over 10 catchments in the Laoha basin, a typical semiarid zone of northeast China. The impacts of climate variability and human activities on streamflow change were quantitatively evaluated by the VIC (Variable Infiltration Capacity) model. First, results indicate that six out of the 10 studied catchments have statistically significant downward trends in annual streamflow; however, there is no significant change of annual precipitation for all catchments. Two abrupt changes of annual streamflow at 1979 and 1998 are identified for the four largest catchments. Second, the Laoha basin generally experienced three evident dry-wet pattern switches during the past 50 years. Furthermore, this basin is currently suffering from unprecedented water shortages. Large-scale climate variability has affected the local natural hydrologic system. Third, quantitative evaluation shows human activities were the main driving factors for the streamflow reduction with contributions of approximately 90% for the whole basin. A significant increase in irrigated area, which inevitably resulted in tremendous agricultural water consumption, is the foremost culprit contributing to the dramatic runoff reduction, especially at midstream and downstream of the Laoha basin. This study is expected to enable policymakers and stakeholders to make well-informed, short-term practice decisions and better plan long-term water resource and ecoenvironment management strategies.
C1 [Yong, Bin; Ren, Liliang; Chen, Xi; Wang, Weiguang] Hohai Univ, State Key Lab Hydrol Water Resources & Hydraul En, Nanjing 210098, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Hong, Yang] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Civil Engn & Environm Sci, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Gourley, Jonathan J.; Hardy, Jill] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Dong, Jinwei] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Ctr Spatial Anal, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Shen, Yan] Natl Meteorol Informat Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China.
RP Yong, B (reprint author), Hohai Univ, State Key Lab Hydrol Water Resources & Hydraul En, Nanjing 210098, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
EM yongbin_hhu@126.com
RI Hong, Yang/D-5132-2009; Yong, Bin/C-2257-2014; Dong, Jinwei/C-4949-2009;
Gourley, Jonathan/C-7929-2016
OI Hong, Yang/0000-0001-8720-242X; Yong, Bin/0000-0003-1466-2091; Dong,
Jinwei/0000-0001-5687-803X; Gourley, Jonathan/0000-0001-7363-3755
FU Major Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China
[51190090]; Open Research Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Simulation
and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin (China Institute of Water
Resources and Hydropower Research) [IWHR-SKL-201202]; 111 Project
[B08048]; Qing Lan Project of Jiangsu Province; Natural Science
Foundation of Jiangsu Province [BK2012813]
FX This work was financially supported by the Major Program of National
Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 51190090), the Open Research
Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water
Cycle in River Basin (China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower
Research, Grant IWHR-SKL-201202), the 111 Project under Grant B08048,
the Qing Lan Project of Jiangsu Province, and the Natural Science
Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant BK2012813). The authors gratefully
acknowledge Dr. Sadiq I. Khan, Dr. Yixin Wen, Prof. Wen Wang, Prof.
Diandong Ren, and Dr. Shanhu Jiang for their constructive comments and
suggestions in this study. Reviews from Dr. Christa D. Peters-Lidard and
three anonymous reviewers improved the quality of this paper.
NR 79
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 13
U2 49
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1525-755X
EI 1525-7541
J9 J HYDROMETEOROL
JI J. Hydrometeorol.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 14
IS 4
BP 1009
EP 1034
DI 10.1175/JHM-D-12-0116.1
PG 26
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 240FC
UT WOS:000326079300001
ER
PT J
AU Anderson, MC
Hain, C
Otkin, J
Zhan, XW
Mo, K
Svoboda, M
Wardlow, B
Pimstein, A
AF Anderson, Martha C.
Hain, Christopher
Otkin, Jason
Zhan, Xiwu
Mo, Kingtse
Svoboda, Mark
Wardlow, Brian
Pimstein, Agustin
TI An Intercomparison of Drought Indicators Based on Thermal Remote Sensing
and NLDAS-2 Simulations with US Drought Monitor Classifications
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Drought; Atmosphere-land interaction; Evapotranspiration; Surface
temperature; Remote sensing
ID ASSIMILATION SYSTEM NLDAS; SOIL-MOISTURE; LAND-SURFACE; ETA-MODEL;
EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; PRECIPITATION; INDEX; VEGETATION; SCALES; FLUXES
AB Comparison of multiple hydrologic indicators, derived from independent data sources and modeling approaches, may improve confidence in signals of emerging drought, particularly during periods of rapid onset. This paper compares the evaporative stress index (ESI)a diagnostic fast-response indicator describing evapotranspiration (ET) deficits derived within a thermal remote sensing energy balance frameworkwith prognostic estimates of soil moisture (SM), ET, and runoff anomalies generated with the North American Land Data Assimilation System (NLDAS). Widely used empirical indices based on thermal remote sensing [vegetation health index (VHI)] and precipitation percentiles [standardized precipitation index (SPI)] were also included to assess relative performance. Spatial and temporal correlations computed between indices over the contiguous United States were compared with historical drought classifications recorded in the U.S. Drought Monitor (USDM). Based on correlation results, improved forms for the ESI were identified, incorporating a Penman-Monteith reference ET scaling flux and implementing a temporal smoothing algorithm at the pixel level. Of all indices evaluated, anomalies in the NLDAS ensemble-averaged SM provided the highest correlations with USDM drought classes, while the ESI yielded the best performance of the remote sensing indices. The VHI provided reasonable correlations, except under conditions of energy-limited vegetation growth during the cold season and at high latitudes. Change indices computed from ESI and SM time series agree well, and in combination offer a good indicator of change in drought severity class in the USDM, often preceding USDM class deterioration by several weeks. Results suggest that a merged ESI-SM change indicator may provide valuable early warning of rapidly evolving flash drought conditions.
C1 [Anderson, Martha C.] ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Hain, Christopher] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Otkin, Jason] Univ Wisconsin, Cooperat Inst Meteorol Satellite Studies, Madison, WI USA.
[Zhan, Xiwu] NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, NESDIS, College Pk, MD USA.
[Mo, Kingtse] NOAA, CPC, College Pk, MD USA.
[Svoboda, Mark; Wardlow, Brian] Univ Nebraska, Natl Drought Mitigat Ctr, Lincoln, NE USA.
[Pimstein, Agustin] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Santiago, Chile.
RP Anderson, MC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM martha.anderson@ars.usda.gov
RI Otkin, Jason/D-1737-2012; Zhan, Xiwu/F-5487-2010; Hain,
Christopher/G-3512-2012; Anderson, Martha/C-1720-2015
OI Otkin, Jason/0000-0003-4034-7845; Hain, Christopher/0000-0002-0093-6816;
Anderson, Martha/0000-0003-0748-5525
FU NOAA/CTB [GC09-236]; Vaadia-BARD Postdoctoral Fellowship from BARD, the
United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development
Fund [FI-421-2009]
FX This work was supported by NOAA/CTB Grant GC09-236 and by Vaadia-BARD
Postdoctoral Fellowship Award No. FI-421-2009 from BARD, the United
States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund.
NR 52
TC 40
Z9 42
U1 5
U2 38
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1525-755X
EI 1525-7541
J9 J HYDROMETEOROL
JI J. Hydrometeorol.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 14
IS 4
BP 1035
EP 1056
DI 10.1175/JHM-D-12-0140.1
PG 22
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 240FC
UT WOS:000326079300002
ER
PT J
AU Mizukami, N
Koren, V
Smith, M
Kingsmill, D
Zhang, ZY
Cosgrove, B
Cui, ZT
AF Mizukami, Naoki
Koren, Victor
Smith, Michael
Kingsmill, David
Zhang, Ziya
Cosgrove, Brian
Cui, Zhengtao
TI The Impact of Precipitation Type Discrimination on Hydrologic
Simulation: Rain-Snow Partitioning Derived from HMT-West Radar-Detected
Brightband Height versus Surface Temperature Data
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Complex terrain; Hydrometeorology; Radars; Radar observations;
Operational forecasting; Hydrologic models
ID SIERRA-NEVADA; UNITED-STATES; AIR-TEMPERATURE; RIVER-BASIN; MODEL;
ASSIMILATION; CALIFORNIA; STREAMFLOW; TERRAIN; SNOTEL
AB Hourly surface precipitation type (Ptype) grids (a total of 408 h from 1 December 2005 through April 20, 2006) were generated by mapping the elevation of the radar-detected brightband height (BBH) to terrain elevation during the 2005/06 observation period of the western Hydrometeorology Testbed (HMT-West) in the North Fork American River basin. BBH Ptype grids were compared to those derived by the standard National Weather Service (NWS) temperature threshold method. In this method, a fixed threshold temperature separating rain and snow was applied to hourly 4-km gridded temperature data. The BBH Ptype grids agreed well (>90%) with the temperature threshold-based grids below an elevation of 1524 m. The agreement dropped to below 60% above this elevation, and BBH Ptype produced more rainfall than the temperature-based Ptype. Continuous hourly streamflow simulations were generated using spatially lumped and distributed hydrologic models with and without the BBH Ptype data from 1 October 2005 through 30 September 2006. Simple insertion of BBH Ptype data did not always improve streamflow simulations for the 11 events examined relative to corresponding simulations using temperature threshold-derived precipitation type, possibly because of the use of the models calibrated with the temperature-based Ptype. The simple sensitivity test indicated simulations of both peak flows from midwinter storms and spring snowmelt runoff are affected by errors in precipitation type estimates.
C1 [Mizukami, Naoki; Koren, Victor; Smith, Michael; Zhang, Ziya; Cosgrove, Brian; Cui, Zhengtao] NOAA, Off Hydrol Dev, Natl Weather Serv, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Kingsmill, David] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Kingsmill, David] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Mizukami, N (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Res Applicat Lab, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
EM mizukami@ucar.edu
RI Mizukami, Naoki/J-7027-2015
NR 51
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 3
U2 12
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1525-755X
EI 1525-7541
J9 J HYDROMETEOROL
JI J. Hydrometeorol.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 14
IS 4
BP 1139
EP 1158
DI 10.1175/JHM-D-12-035.1
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 240FC
UT WOS:000326079300007
ER
PT J
AU Maggioni, V
Vergara, HJ
Anagnostou, EN
Gourley, JJ
Hong, Y
Stampoulis, D
AF Maggioni, Viviana
Vergara, Humberto J.
Anagnostou, Emmanouil N.
Gourley, Jonathan J.
Hong, Yang
Stampoulis, Dimitrios
TI Investigating the Applicability of Error Correction Ensembles of
Satellite Rainfall Products in River Flow Simulations
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Satellite observations; Ensembles; Probability forecasts; models;
distribution; Hydrologic models; Model errors; Flood events
ID PRECIPITATION ANALYSIS TMPA; HYDROLOGIC PREDICTION; TROPICAL RAINFALL;
PASSIVE MICROWAVE; SAMPLING ERROR; SYSTEM; BASIN; UNCERTAINTY;
EVOLUTION; FORECASTS
AB This study uses a stochastic ensemble-based representation of satellite rainfall error to predict the propagation in flood simulation of three quasi-global-scale satellite rainfall products across a range of basin scales. The study is conducted on the Tar-Pamlico River basin in the southeastern United States based on 2 years of data (2004 and 2006). The NWS Multisensor Precipitation Estimator (MPE) dataset is used as the reference for evaluating three satellite rainfall products: the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) real-time 3B42 product (3B42RT), the Climate Prediction Center morphing technique (CMORPH), and the Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Imagery Using Artificial Neural Networks-Cloud Classification System (PERSIANN-CCS). Both ground-measured runoff and streamflow simulations, derived from the NWS Research Distributed Hydrologic Model forced with the MPE dataset, are used as benchmarks to evaluate ensemble streamflow simulations obtained by forcing the model with satellite rainfall corrected using stochastic error simulations from a two-dimensional satellite rainfall error model (SREM2D). The ability of the SREM2D ensemble error corrections to improve satellite rainfall-driven runoff simulations and to characterize the error variability of those simulations is evaluated. It is shown that by applying the SREM2D error ensemble to satellite rainfall, the simulated runoff ensemble is able to envelope both the reference runoff simulation and observed streamflow. The best (uncorrected) product is 3B42RT, but after applying SREM2D, CMORPH becomes the most accurate of the three products in the prediction of runoff variability. The impact of spatial resolution on the rainfall-to-runoff error propagation is also evaluated for a cascade of basin scales (500-5000 km(2)). Results show a doubling in the bias from rainfall to runoff at all basin scales. Significant dependency to catchment area is exhibited for the random error propagation component.
C1 [Maggioni, Viviana; Anagnostou, Emmanouil N.; Stampoulis, Dimitrios] Univ Connecticut, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
[Vergara, Humberto J.; Hong, Yang] Univ Oklahoma, Hydrometeorol & Remote Sensing Lab, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Vergara, Humberto J.; Gourley, Jonathan J.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
RP Anagnostou, EN (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
EM manos@engr.uconn.edu
RI Hong, Yang/D-5132-2009; Gourley, Jonathan/C-7929-2016
OI Hong, Yang/0000-0001-8720-242X; Gourley, Jonathan/0000-0001-7363-3755
FU NASA Precipitation Science Team [NNX07AE31G]; NASA Earth System Science
Graduate Fellowship
FX The research for this paper was supported by NASA Precipitation Science
Team Grant NNX07AE31G (E. Anagnostou and Y. Hong). V. Maggioni was
supported by a NASA Earth System Science Graduate Fellowship.
NR 44
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 3
U2 20
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1525-755X
EI 1525-7541
J9 J HYDROMETEOROL
JI J. Hydrometeorol.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 14
IS 4
BP 1194
EP 1211
DI 10.1175/JHM-D-12-074.1
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 240FC
UT WOS:000326079300010
ER
PT J
AU Wen, YX
Cao, Q
Kirstetter, PE
Hong, Y
Gourley, JJ
Zhang, J
Zhang, GF
Yong, B
AF Wen, Yixin
Cao, Qing
Kirstetter, Pierre-Emmanuel
Hong, Yang
Gourley, Jonathan J.
Zhang, Jian
Zhang, Guifu
Yong, Bin
TI Incorporating NASA Spaceborne Radar Data into NOAA National Mosaic QPE
System for Improved Precipitation Measurement: A Physically Based VPR
Identification and Enhancement Method
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Precipitation; Rainfall; Radars; Radar observations; Remote sensing;
Satellite observations
ID RAIN-PROFILING ALGORITHM; RANGE-DEPENDENT ERROR; VERTICAL PROFILES;
MELTING-LAYER; BRIGHT BAND; UNITED-STATES; PART I; REFLECTIVITY; TRMM;
REGIONS
AB This study proposes an approach that identifies and corrects for the vertical profile of reflectivity (VPR) by using Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) precipitation radar (PR) measurements in the region of Arizona and southern California, where the ground-based Next Generation Weather Radar (NEXRAD) finds difficulties in making reliable estimations of surface precipitation amounts because of complex terrain and limited radar coverage. A VPR identification and enhancement (VPR-IE) method based on the modeling of the vertical variations of the equivalent reflectivity factor using a physically based parameterization is employed to obtain a representative VPR at S band from the TRMM PR measurement at Ku band. Then the representative VPR is convolved with ground radar beam sampling properties to compute apparent VPRs for enhancing NEXRAD quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE). The VPR-IE methodology is evaluated with several stratiform precipitation events during the cold season and is compared to two other statistically based correction methods, that is, the TRMM PR-based rainfall calibration and a range ring-based adjustment scheme. The results show that the VPR-IE has the best overall performance and provides much more accurate surface rainfall estimates than the original ground-based radar QPE. The potential of the VPR-IE method could be further exploited and better utilized when the Global Precipitation Measurement Mission's dual-frequency PR is launched in 2014, with anticipated accuracy improvements and expanded latitude coverage.
C1 [Wen, Yixin; Zhang, Guifu] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Wen, Yixin; Cao, Qing; Kirstetter, Pierre-Emmanuel; Hong, Yang; Yong, Bin] Univ Oklahoma, Adv Radar Res Ctr, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Wen, Yixin; Cao, Qing; Kirstetter, Pierre-Emmanuel; Hong, Yang; Yong, Bin] Natl Weather Ctr, Hydrometeorol & Remote Sensing Lab, Norman, OK USA.
[Kirstetter, Pierre-Emmanuel; Gourley, Jonathan J.; Zhang, Jian] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Hong, Yang] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Civil Engn & Environm Sci, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Yong, Bin] Hohai Univ, State Key Lab Hydrol Water Resources & Hydraul En, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
RP Hong, Y (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Sch Civil Engn & Environm Sci, Atmospher Radar Res Ctr, Natl Weather Ctr, 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM yanghong@ou.edu
RI Kirstetter, Pierre/E-2305-2013; Hong, Yang/D-5132-2009; Yong,
Bin/C-2257-2014; Zhang, Guifu/M-3178-2014; Gourley,
Jonathan/C-7929-2016; Measurement, Global/C-4698-2015
OI Kirstetter, Pierre/0000-0002-7381-0229; Hong, Yang/0000-0001-8720-242X;
Yong, Bin/0000-0003-1466-2091; Zhang, Guifu/0000-0002-0261-2815;
Gourley, Jonathan/0000-0001-7363-3755;
FU NOAA
FX This work was financially supported by the NOAA Multi-Function
Phased-Array Radar Project administrated by the Advanced Radar Research
Center at the University of Oklahoma. The authors gratefully acknowledge
the NSSL/OU NMQ research group and the NASA GPM Ground Validation and
SPoRT Programs.
NR 43
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 3
U2 12
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1525-755X
EI 1525-7541
J9 J HYDROMETEOROL
JI J. Hydrometeorol.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 14
IS 4
BP 1293
EP 1307
DI 10.1175/JHM-D-12-0106.1
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 240FC
UT WOS:000326079300016
ER
PT J
AU Chen, S
Gourley, JJ
Hong, Y
Kirstetter, PE
Zhang, J
Howard, K
Flamig, ZL
Hu, JJ
Qi, YC
AF Chen, Sheng
Gourley, Jonathan J.
Hong, Yang
Kirstetter, P. E.
Zhang, Jian
Howard, Kenneth
Flamig, Zachary L.
Hu, Junjun
Qi, Youcun
TI Evaluation and Uncertainty Estimation of NOAA/NSSL Next-Generation
National Mosaic Quantitative Precipitation Estimation Product (Q2) over
the Continental United States
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Rainfall; Radars; Radar observations
ID RADAR; QPE; WSR-88D; SYSTEM; IDENTIFICATION; REFLECTIVITY
AB Quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE) products from the next-generation National Mosaic and QPE system (Q2) are cross-compared to the operational, radar-only product of the National Weather Service (Stage II) using the gauge-adjusted and manual quality-controlled product (Stage IV) as a reference. The evaluation takes place over the entire conterminous United States (CONUS) from December 2009 to November 2010. The annual comparison of daily Stage II precipitation to the radar-only Q2Rad product indicates that both have small systematic biases (absolute values > 8%), but the random errors with Stage II are much greater, as noted with a root-mean-squared difference of 4.5 mm day(-1) compared to 1.1 mm day(-1) with Q2Rad and a lower correlation coefficient (0.20 compared to 0.73). The Q2 logic of identifying precipitation types as being convective, stratiform, or tropical at each grid point and applying differential Z-R equations has been successful in removing regional biases (i.e., overestimated rainfall from Stage II east of the Appalachians) and greatly diminishes seasonal bias patterns that were found with Stage II. Biases and radar artifacts along the coastal mountain and intermountain chains were not mitigated with rain gauge adjustment and thus require new approaches by the community. The evaluation identifies a wet bias by Q2Rad in the central plains and the South and then introduces intermediate products to explain it. Finally, this study provides estimates of uncertainty using the radar quality index product for both Q2Rad and the gauge-corrected Q2RadGC daily precipitation products. This error quantification should be useful to the satellite QPE community who use Q2 products as a reference.
C1 [Chen, Sheng; Hong, Yang; Flamig, Zachary L.] Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Chen, Sheng; Hong, Yang; Kirstetter, P. E.; Hu, Junjun] Univ Oklahoma, Hydrometeorol & Remote Sensing Lab, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Chen, Sheng; Hong, Yang; Kirstetter, P. E.; Hu, Junjun] Univ Oklahoma, Adv Radar Res Ctr, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Gourley, Jonathan J.; Kirstetter, P. E.; Zhang, Jian; Howard, Kenneth; Flamig, Zachary L.; Qi, Youcun] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Hu, Junjun] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Comp Sci, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Qi, Youcun] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
RP Gourley, JJ (reprint author), Natl Weather Ctr, 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM jj.gourley@noaa.gov
RI Kirstetter, Pierre/E-2305-2013; Hong, Yang/D-5132-2009; Gourley,
Jonathan/C-7929-2016
OI Kirstetter, Pierre/0000-0002-7381-0229; Hong, Yang/0000-0001-8720-242X;
Gourley, Jonathan/0000-0001-7363-3755
FU Atmospheric Radar Research Center; NOAA/Office of Oceanic and
Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University of Oklahoma [NA11OAR4320072];
U.S. Department of Commerce
FX The authors acknowledge the Atmospheric Radar Research Center's
financial support. NOAA/NSSL is greatly acknowledged for providing the
Q2 data. Partial funding for this work has been provided by the NASA
Global Precipitation Measuring Ground Validation Program. Partial
funding was provided by NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research
under NOAA-University of Oklahoma Cooperative Agreement NA11OAR4320072,
U.S. Department of Commerce. We appreciate the comments from two
anonymous reviewers who helped improve the quality of the manuscript.
NR 20
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1525-755X
EI 1525-7541
J9 J HYDROMETEOROL
JI J. Hydrometeorol.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 14
IS 4
BP 1308
EP 1322
DI 10.1175/JHM-D-12-0150.1
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 240FC
UT WOS:000326079300017
ER
PT J
AU Werner, K
Yeager, K
AF Werner, Kevin
Yeager, Kristen
TI Challenges in Forecasting the 2011 Runoff Season in the Colorado Basin
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE North America; Rivers; Forecast verification; skill; Forecasting
ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; CLIMATE; RIVER; SATELLITE
AB Historically large snowpack across the upper Colorado basin and the Great Basin in 2011 presented the potential for widespread and severe flooding. While widespread flooding did occur, its impacts were largely moderated through a combination of sustained cool weather during the melt season and mitigation measures based on forecasts. The potential for more severe flooding persisted from April through the first part of July as record-high snowpacks slowly melted. NOAA's Colorado Basin River Forecast Center (CBRFC) is the primary office responsible for generating river forecasts in support of emergency and water management within the Colorado River basin. This paper describes the 2011 runoff season in the basin and examines the skill of CBRFC forecasts for that season. The primary goal of this paper is to raise awareness of the research and development areas that could, if successfully integrated into the CBRFC river forecasting system, improve forecasts in similar situations in the future. The authors identify three areas of potential forecast improvement: 1) improving week two to seasonal weather and climate predictions, 2) incorporation of remotely sensed snow-covered area, and 3) improving coordination between reservoir operations and forecasts.
C1 [Werner, Kevin; Yeager, Kristen] NOAA, Colorado Basin River Forecast Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT 84116 USA.
RP Werner, K (reprint author), NOAA, Colorado Basin River Forecast Ctr, 2242 West North Temple, Salt Lake City, UT 84116 USA.
EM kevin.werner@noaa.gov
NR 16
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1525-755X
EI 1525-7541
J9 J HYDROMETEOROL
JI J. Hydrometeorol.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 14
IS 4
BP 1364
EP 1371
DI 10.1175/JHM-D-12-055.1
PG 8
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 240FC
UT WOS:000326079300022
ER
PT J
AU Pastor, MV
Palter, JB
Pelegri, JL
Dunne, JP
AF Pastor, M. V.
Palter, J. B.
Pelegri, J. L.
Dunne, J. P.
TI Physical drivers of interannual chlorophyll variability in the eastern
subtropical North Atlantic
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
DE chlorophyll variability; subtropical North Atlantic; sea surface height;
ocean general circulation model; upwelling
ID SEA-SURFACE; TROPICAL ATLANTIC; BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTION; OCEAN
CHLOROPHYLL; UPWELLING SYSTEMS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; WIND-STRESS;
BASIN-SCALE; BOUNDARY; CIRCULATION
AB Interannual chlorophyll variability and its driving mechanisms are evaluated in the eastern subtropical North Atlantic, where elevated surface chlorophyll concentrations regularly extend more than 1500 km into the central subtropical North Atlantic and modulate the areal extent of the North Atlantic's lowest chlorophyll waters. We first characterize the considerable interannual variability in the size of the high chlorophyll region using SeaWiFS satellite data. We then evaluate the relationship between satellite chlorophyll and sea surface height (SSH), which are anticorrelated in the study region, most likely as a result of the inverse relationship between SSH and nutricline depth. To put these results in a longer temporal context, we study a hindcast simulation of a global ocean model with biogeochemistry (GFDL's MOM4.1 with TOPAZ biogeochemistry), after evaluating the model's skill at simulating chlorophyll and SSH relative to observations. In the simulation, the variability seen during the satellite era appears to be imbedded in a much larger multidecadal modulation. The drivers of such variability are assessed by evaluating all the terms in the nutrient budget of the euphotic zone. Because diffusive processes are not a dominant control on nutrient supply, stratification is not a good indicator of nutrient supply. Rather, vertical advection of nutrients, strongly tied to Ekman pumping, is the leading driver of variability in the size of the high chlorophyll region and the productivity within the study area.
C1 [Pastor, M. V.; Pelegri, J. L.] CSIC, Inst Ciencies Mar, Dept Oceanog Fis, ES-08003 Barcelona, Spain.
[Palter, J. B.] McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
[Dunne, J. P.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
RP Pastor, MV (reprint author), CSIC, Inst Ciencies Mar, Dept Oceanog Fis, Passeig Maritim de la Barceloneta 37-49, ES-08003 Barcelona, Spain.
EM mpastormolla@gmail.com
RI Pelegri, Josep/L-5815-2014
OI Pelegri, Josep/0000-0003-0661-2190
FU NSF's International Research Fellowship Program; NOAA; McGill
University; NSERC Discovery; Spanish government through project MOC2
[CTM2008-06438-C02-01]; Spanish government through project TIC-MOC
[CTM2011-28867]; Spanish Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas
FX The authors thank three anonymous reviewers and Editor Frank Bryan for
insightful comments. The authors also gratefully acknowledge Jorge L.
Sarmiento for his useful comments and for hosting M. V. P. at Princeton
University. J.B.P. is grateful for funding from NSF's International
Research Fellowship Program, NOAA, McGill University, and NSERC
Discovery. M. V. P. and J.L.P. acknowledge funding from the Spanish
government through projects MOC2 (ref. CTM2008-06438-C02-01) and TIC-MOC
(ref. CTM2011-28867). M. V. P. would like to acknowledge Spanish Consejo
Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas for funding through an I3P
grant.
NR 64
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 15
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 8
BP 3871
EP 3886
DI 10.1002/jgrc.20254
PG 16
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 224XX
UT WOS:000324927000010
ER
PT J
AU Liu, YN
Yvon-Lewis, SA
Thornton, DCO
Butler, JH
Bianchi, TS
Campbell, L
Hu, L
Smith, RW
AF Liu, Yina
Yvon-Lewis, Shari A.
Thornton, Daniel C. O.
Butler, James H.
Bianchi, Thomas S.
Campbell, Lisa
Hu, Lei
Smith, Richard W.
TI Spatial and temporal distributions of bromoform and dibromomethane in
the Atlantic Ocean and their relationship with photosynthetic biomass
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
DE bromoform; dibromomethane; VSLS; halocarbon; pigment biomarkers
ID METHYL-BROMIDE; HALOGENATED METHANES; MARINE-PHYTOPLANKTON;
NATURAL-WATERS; GAS-EXCHANGE; ICE ALGAE; SEAWATER; BROMOPEROXIDASE;
HALOCARBONS; ATMOSPHERE
AB Atmospheric mixing ratios and seawater concentrations of bromoform (CHBr3), dibromomethane (CH2Br2), and other brominated very short-lived substances (BrVSLS) were measured during five cruises from 1994 to 2010. These cruises were conducted over large latitudinal (62 degrees N-60 degrees S) and longitudinal transects (11 degrees W-86 degrees W) in the Atlantic Ocean. Elevated seawater concentrations of CHBr3 and CH2Br2 were often observed in regions where chlorophyll a concentrations were also elevated, which suggests biogeochemical processes associated with photosynthetic biomass may be related to CHBr3 and CH2Br2 production. Our results suggest that, at least in the open ocean, several phytoplankton taxa may contribute to the production of these trace gases. While observed correlations between CHBr3 and CH2Br2 in different regions are usually interpreted as common sources for these compounds, results in this study suggest different biogeochemical processes may contribute separately to the production of these trace gases. Heterotrophic bacterial abundance was significantly correlated with CH2Br2, but not with CHBr3, which suggests the biogeochemical processes associated with heterotrophic bacteria may be related to CH2Br2 in seawater but probably not to CHBr3. In general, the Atlantic Ocean is a net source for CHBr3 and CH2Br2, except for a few locations where these trace gases were undersaturated in seawater. Assuming fluxes measured in the Atlantic open ocean are globally representative, the resulting extrapolated, global open-ocean annual net sea-to-air fluxes calculated from data from the five cruises was estimated at 0.24-3.80 Gmol Br yr(-1) for CHBr3 and 0.11-0.77 Gmol Br yr(-1) for CH2Br2.
C1 [Liu, Yina; Yvon-Lewis, Shari A.; Thornton, Daniel C. O.; Bianchi, Thomas S.; Campbell, Lisa; Hu, Lei; Smith, Richard W.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Oceanog, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Butler, James H.; Hu, Lei] NOAA, Global Monitoring Div, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Bianchi, Thomas S.] Univ Florida, Dept Geol Sci, Gainesville, FL USA.
[Smith, Richard W.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Marine Sci, Groton, CT USA.
RP Liu, YN (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Oceanog, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
EM yliu@ocean.tamu.edu
RI Campbell, Lisa/E-6587-2011; Liu, Yina/C-1522-2017
OI Campbell, Lisa/0000-0003-2756-2743; Liu, Yina/0000-0002-3485-7542
FU National Science Foundation [OCE 0927874]
FX We would like to thank the captains and crew members on the NOAA ship
R/V Ron Brown and the German vessel FS Polarstern. We would like to
thank the anonymous reviewer for his/her constructive comments and
inspiring insights. This work was supported, in part, by National
Science Foundation grant OCE 0927874 to S. A.Y-L.
NR 67
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 5
U2 46
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 8
BP 3950
EP 3965
DI 10.1002/jgrc.20299
PG 16
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 224XX
UT WOS:000324927000015
ER
PT J
AU Jaynes, AN
Lessard, MR
Rodriguez, JV
Donovan, E
Loto'aniu, TM
Rychert, K
AF Jaynes, A. N.
Lessard, M. R.
Rodriguez, J. V.
Donovan, E.
Loto'aniu, T. M.
Rychert, K.
TI Pulsating auroral electron flux modulations in the equatorial
magnetosphere
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE pulsating aurora; magnetosphere-ionosphere interaction; energetic
particle precipitation; equatorial magnetosphere; aurora; electron
scattering
ID LOW-FREQUENCY EMISSIONS; PITCH-ANGLE DIFFUSION; VLF-EMISSIONS;
MORNINGSIDE AURORAE; LOSS CONE; CHORUS; PRECIPITATION; CONJUGATE;
ORIGIN; REGION
AB In this study, we present the first in situ continuous measurements of electron flux modulations in the near-equatorial magnetosphere correlated with pulsating aurora (PA) observations. The contested conjecture that the source of these electrons originates near the equator, made decades ago using sounding rocket data, has now been confirmed using this data. We compared the frequencies of equatorial electron flux pulsations and PA luminosity fluctuations at their ionospheric footprint, using simultaneous satellite- and ground-based data from GOES13 and Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) instrumentation. Observations of PA were obtained on 15 March 2008 using a THEMIS All-Sky Imager (ASI) located in northern Canada. The field line footprint of the geostationary GOES13 satellite, mapped down to the ionosphere at approximate to 100km, falls within the field-of-view of the ASI. We examined electron flux data from the Magnetospheric Electron Detector (MAGED) on GOES13, in the energy range of 30 to 50keV, by computing an array of the correlation coefficients between the pixel luminosity for each individual pixel of the ASI images and the flux measurements at the satellite. The results reveal a direct correlation between diffuse luminosity fluctuation periods near the ground and particle pulsation periods. The time variance between the two data sets was examined in order to explore the validity of the equatorial source region premise. The resulting time lag of <1s in the PA measurements is consistent with this claim. We also report on a preliminary quantification of the loss cone using the MAGED telescope response functions.
C1 [Jaynes, A. N.; Lessard, M. R.; Rychert, K.] Univ New Hampshire, Ctr Space Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Rodriguez, J. V.; Loto'aniu, T. M.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Rodriguez, J. V.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Geophys Data Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.
[Donovan, E.] Univ Calgary, Dept Phys & Astron, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
[Loto'aniu, T. M.] Bur Meteorol, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.
RP Jaynes, AN (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Ctr Space Sci, 8 Coll Rd, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
EM a.jaynes@unh.edu
OI Donovan, Eric/0000-0002-8557-4155
FU NASA [NNX10AL85H]; NSF [1141987]; GOES-R Risk Reduction Program;
Canadian Space Agency; National Science Foundation
FX This research was supported by NASA grant NNX10AL85H and NSF award
1141987. The work at CIRES was supported by the GOES-R Risk Reduction
Program. The operation and provision of data from the THEMIS ASI at The
Pas is supported by the Canadian Space Agency and the National Science
Foundation through contracts held by E. Donovan and H. Frey,
respectively.
NR 62
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
EI 2169-9402
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 8
BP 4884
EP 4894
DI 10.1002/jgra.50434
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 225VK
UT WOS:000324992300016
ER
PT J
AU Wainwright, TC
Weitkamp, LA
AF Wainwright, Thomas C.
Weitkamp, Laurie A.
TI Effects of Climate Change on Oregon Coast Coho Salmon: Habitat and
Life-Cycle Interactions
SO NORTHWEST SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE climate change effects; life-cycle assessment; habitat; Pacific salmon;
conservation
ID CALIFORNIA CURRENT SYSTEM; WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; WIRE TAG RECOVERIES;
ONCORHYNCHUS-KISUTCH; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; CHINOOK SALMON; UNITED-STATES;
COLUMBIA RIVER; WATER TEMPERATURE; MARINE SURVIVAL
AB Coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) populations that spawn in the coastal rivers of Oregon, U.S.A., formerly supported robust fisheries but are now listed as a "threatened species" under the U. S. Endangered Species Act. Climate change is an increasing concern in salmon conservation, and we assess the effects of climate change on sustainability of this population group. Four distinct habitats are important to different life-history stages of coho salmon: terrestrial forests, freshwater rivers and lakes, estuaries, and the ocean. Each of these habitats is affected by multiple aspects of climate change, resulting in a complex web of pathways influencing sustainability. We summarize regional climate change studies to predict future climate patterns affecting these habitats, identify the ecological pathways by which these patterns affect coho salmon, and review coho salmon ecology to assess the likely direction and magnitude of population response. Despite substantial uncertainties in specific effects and variations in effects among populations, the preponderance of negative effects throughout the life cycle indicates a significant climate-driven risk to future sustainability of these populations. We recommend that management policies for all four habitats focus on maximizing resilience to the effects of climate change as it interacts with other natural and anthropogenic changes.
C1 [Wainwright, Thomas C.; Weitkamp, Laurie A.] NOAA, Newport Res Stn, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
RP Wainwright, TC (reprint author), NOAA, Newport Res Stn, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, 2032 SE OSU Dr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
EM thomas.wainwright@noaa.gov
RI Wainwright, Thomas/F-4550-2010
OI Wainwright, Thomas/0000-0001-5147-479X
NR 181
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 5
U2 70
PU NORTHWEST SCIENTIFIC ASSOC
PI SEATTLE
PA JEFFREY DUDA, USGS, WESTERN FISHERIES RES CTR, 6505 NE 65 ST, SEATTLE,
WA 98115 USA
SN 0029-344X
EI 2161-9859
J9 NORTHWEST SCI
JI Northwest Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 87
IS 3
BP 219
EP 242
DI 10.3955/046.087.0305
PG 24
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 229MZ
UT WOS:000325271800003
ER
PT J
AU Azari, H
Mohseni, A
AF Azari, Haleh
Mohseni, Alaeddin
TI Effect of short-term conditioning and long-term ageing on permanent
deformation characteristics of asphalt mixtures
SO ROAD MATERIALS AND PAVEMENT DESIGN
LA English
DT Article
DE asphalt mixtures; rutting; permanent deformation; repeated load; strain
rate; short-term conditioning; long-term ageing
AB Quantification of the effect of short-term conditioning and long-term ageing on the permanent deformation properties of asphalt mixtures is important for a reasonable estimation of rutting in the field. As the asphalt industry continues to develop more sophisticated mixtures, measuring the effect of short-term conditioning and long-term ageing on performance becomes even more critical. Significantly, more pavement are being built with reclaimed asphalt pavement, shingles, and warm mix asphalts, which may age very differently from mixtures with virgin asphalt. The use of warm mix asphalt in particular is rapidly increasing, which tend to soften the mixture in the early life of the pavement and impose a complex challenge for determining appropriate laboratory and field conditioning. For these reasons, it is critical that more precise determination of the effect of ageing on permanent deformation properties of asphalt mixtures to be made. This study proposes a new methodology that could be used in conjunction with the design of conventional asphalt mixtures and any new asphalt technology. Using incremental repeated load permanent deformation (iRLPD) test, which is the basis of the new methodology, the effect of short-term conditioning and long-term ageing on the permanent deformation properties of asphalt specimens can be evaluated. The minimum strain rate (MSR) property from the iRLPD test, measured before and after the ageing process, will show the rate of ageing and rate of change in the mixtures' rutting performance. In this study, six mixtures were tested according to the iRLPD procedure and the ageing effect on permanent deformation properties of the mixtures was quantified. It is shown that different asphalt mixtures age in very different ways and this will significantly affect their short-term and long-term rutting performances. In addition, it was found that there exist a significant interdependence between short-term conditioning and long-term ageing of asphalt mixtures. Thus, adequate short-term conditioning is important for acceptable long-term rutting performance. The MSR master curve from the iRLPD test provided the necessary information for estimating rutting, considering the effect of temperature, tyre pressure, and ageing. In this respect, rut depths of the six mixtures were estimated using the hourly pavement temperatures for a 20-year period.
C1 [Azari, Haleh] NIST, AASHTO Adv Pavement Res Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Mohseni, Alaeddin] Pavement Syst Inc, Bethesda, MD USA.
RP Azari, H (reprint author), NIST, AASHTO Adv Pavement Res Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM azari@aaprl.org
NR 10
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 22
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1468-0629
J9 ROAD MATER PAVEMENT
JI Road Mater. Pavement Des.
PD AUG 1
PY 2013
VL 14
SU 2
SI SI
BP 79
EP 91
DI 10.1080/14680629.2013.812833
PG 13
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Materials Science
GA 221PL
UT WOS:000324670700005
ER
PT J
AU Linteris, GT
Lyon, RE
Stoliarov, SI
AF Linteris, G. T.
Lyon, R. E.
Stoliarov, S. I.
TI Prediction of the gasification rate of thermoplastic polymers in
fire-like environments
SO FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Materials flammability; Gasification; Cone calorimetry; Pyrolysis model;
Fire dynamics simulator; Thermakin
ID THERMAL-DEGRADATION; HEAT; CONDUCTIVITY; RADIATION; SAMPLES; PMMA
AB The present work explores the extent to which the time-dependent mass loss rate of four common thermoplastics, polypropylene, polyamide 6,6, polyoxymethylene, and polyethylene terephthalate (PET), when exposed to pure radiant heat flux, can be predicted from first principles. The material properties which control the mass loss, and are required for input to the numerical models, are measured in independent laboratory tests, and presented. The mass loss rate for each polymer is measured in the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) gasification device and predicted using two numerical models for pyrolysis: the NIST Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) model Thermakin. For three of the polymers, the models often gave results in very close agreement with each other, and in good agreement with those of the experiments for most of the mass loss period. Nonetheless, for PET, the agreement was good only in the initial stages of heating and mass loss, when less than 3% of the mass loss had occurred, and for POM, good agreement required a different value of the heat of reaction (from the one measured for this polymer). Parametric analyses are used to explore the influence of each measured parameter on the mass loss rate and the agreement between modeling and the experiments, and to explain discrepancies between the modeling and experiment when they exist. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Linteris, G. T.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Fire Res Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Lyon, R. E.] Atlant City Int Airport, WJ Hughes Tech Ctr, Fed Aviat Adm, Airport & Aircraft Safety Res & Dev Div, Atlanta, NJ 08405 USA.
[Stoliarov, S. I.] Univ Maryland, Dept Fire Protect Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Linteris, GT (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Fire Res Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM linteris@nist.gov
NR 28
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 16
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0379-7112
J9 FIRE SAFETY J
JI Fire Saf. J.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 60
BP 14
EP 24
DI 10.1016/j.firesaf.2013.03.018
PG 11
WC Engineering, Civil; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 223ZI
UT WOS:000324850600002
ER
PT J
AU Mahlstein, I
Daniel, JS
Solomon, S
AF Mahlstein, Irina
Daniel, John S.
Solomon, Susan
TI Pace of shifts in climate regions increases with global temperature
SO NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID WORLD; CLASSIFICATION; PRECIPITATION; HEAT
AB Human-induced climate change causes significant changes in local climates(1,2), which in turn lead to changes in regional climate zones. Large shifts in the world distribution of Kppen-Geiger climate classifications by the end of this century have been projected(3). However, only a few studies have analysed the pace of these shifts in climate zones(4,5), and none has analysed whether the pace itself changes with increasing global mean temperature. In this study, pace refers to the rate at which climate zones change as a function of amount of global warming. Here we show that present climate projections suggest that the pace of shifting climate zones increases approximately linearly with increasing global temperature. Using the RCP8.5 emissions pathway, the pace nearly doubles by the end of this century and about 20% of all land area undergoes a change in its original climate. This implies that species will have increasingly less time to adapt to Koppen zone changes in the future, which is expected to increase the risk of extinction(5).
C1 [Mahlstein, Irina] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Mahlstein, Irina; Daniel, John S.] NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Solomon, Susan] MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
RP Mahlstein, I (reprint author), MeteoSwiss, CH-8044 Zurich, Switzerland.
EM irina.mahlstein@meteoswiss.ch
RI Daniel, John/D-9324-2011; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015
NR 22
TC 29
Z9 30
U1 2
U2 39
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1758-678X
J9 NAT CLIM CHANGE
JI Nat. Clim. Chang.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 3
IS 8
BP 739
EP 743
DI 10.1038/NCLIMATE1876
PG 5
WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 219EB
UT WOS:000324487400023
ER
PT J
AU Holloway, CL
Ruehli, AE
AF Holloway, Christopher L.
Ruehli, Albert E.
TI Introduction to Special Section Honoring Dr. Clayton R. Paul
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Holloway, Christopher L.] NIST, Phys Measurement Lab, Electromagnet Div, US Dept Commerce, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Ruehli, Albert E.] IBM TJ Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA.
[Ruehli, Albert E.] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Rolla, MO USA.
RP Holloway, CL (reprint author), NIST, Phys Measurement Lab, Electromagnet Div, US Dept Commerce, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM holloway@boulder.nist.gov; albert.ruehli@gmail.com
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9375
J9 IEEE T ELECTROMAGN C
JI IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 55
IS 4
BP 598
EP 599
DI 10.1109/TEMC.2013.2264295
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 194SJ
UT WOS:000322652700001
ER
PT J
AU Holloway, CL
Kuester, EF
Ruehli, AE
Antonini, G
AF Holloway, Christopher L.
Kuester, Edward F.
Ruehli, Albert E.
Antonini, Giulio
TI Partial and Internal Inductance: Two of Clayton R. Paul's Many Passions
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY
LA English
DT Article
DE External inductance; inductance; internal inductance; partial
inductance; skin effect
ID LOSSY TRANSMISSION-LINES; PRINTED-CIRCUIT BOARDS; CONDUCTOR LOSS;
COMMON-MODE; SIMULATION; PLANE
AB Inductance is one of the fundamental defined parameters in electromagnetics and it takes on a variety of formulations and definitions in the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) community. The concept of inductance in its many definitions, uses, and caveats was central among Dr. Clayton R. Paul's contributions to the EMC community. In this paper, we discuss the various aspects of inductance which Dr. Paul helped to pioneer. In particular, the concepts of partial inductance and internal inductance (including skin effect) were two of his passions. This paper will both serve as a summary of Dr. Paul's work on inductance as well as show how his work helped pioneer new research in this area.
C1 [Holloway, Christopher L.] NIST, Electromagnet Div, US Dept Commerce, Boulder Labs, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Kuester, Edward F.] Univ Colorado, Dept Elect Comp & Energy Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Ruehli, Albert E.] IBM Corp, TJ Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA.
[Antonini, Giulio] Univ Aquila, UAq EMC Lab, Dipartimento Ingn Ind & Informaz & Econ, I-67100 Laquila, Italy.
RP Holloway, CL (reprint author), NIST, Electromagnet Div, US Dept Commerce, Boulder Labs, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM holloway@boulder.nist.gov; Edward.Kuester@Colorado.EDU;
albert.ruehli@gmail.com; giulio.antonini@univaq.it
OI Antonini, Giulio/0000-0001-5433-6173
NR 48
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 12
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9375
J9 IEEE T ELECTROMAGN C
JI IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 55
IS 4
BP 600
EP 613
DI 10.1109/TEMC.2013.2253470
PG 14
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 194SJ
UT WOS:000322652700002
ER
PT J
AU Pirkl, RJ
AF Pirkl, Ryan J.
TI Spatial Autocovariances of Scattering Parameters Measured in a Lossy
Reverberation Chamber
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY
LA English
DT Article
DE Autocorrelation; autocovariance; reverberation chamber; scattering
parameters; spatial correlation function; stochastic plane-wave spectrum
ID RADIATED SUSCEPTIBILITY TEST; CRITICAL COMPONENT; ANTENNAS; MOBILE;
FIELDS; EQUIPMENT; CHANNEL; THEOREM; STRESS
AB We derive a statistical model for the spatial autocovariance of two-port scattering parameters measured in a high-loss reverberation chamber for single-mode antennas. The theoretical model accounts for first-order antenna-antenna and antenna-environment interactions arising from scattering off the measurement antennas. The model is shown to provide a good description of the empirical spatial autocovariances calculated from measurements of scattering parameters in a reverberation chamber for different loading configurations. This provides new insight into the complex antenna-antenna and antenna-environment interactions that occur in reverberation chamber measurements. Additional applications include reducing the correlation between reverberation chamber measurements obtained with position stirring and measuring the orientation-averaged total scattering cross section of arbitrary structures.
C1 [Pirkl, Ryan J.] NIST, Electromagnet Div, RF Fields Grp, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Pirkl, RJ (reprint author), AT&T, Austin, TX 78705 USA.
EM rpirkl@gmail.com
OI Pirkl, Ryan/0000-0001-8803-3154
FU National Research Council
FX This work was supported by a National Research Council Postdoctoral
Research Associateship.
NR 40
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 3
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9375
J9 IEEE T ELECTROMAGN C
JI IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 55
IS 4
BP 671
EP 682
DI 10.1109/TEMC.2012.2234127
PG 12
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 194SJ
UT WOS:000322652700009
ER
PT J
AU Lafferty, WJ
Flaud, JM
Tchana, K
Fernandez, JM
AF Lafferty, W. J.
Flaud, J. -M.
Tchana, Kwabia
Fernandez, J. M.
TI Raman and infrared spectra of the (1) band of oxirane
SO MOLECULAR PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE oxirane; high-resolution infrared; Raman; molecular constants
ID ASYMMETRIC-TOP MOLECULES; ETHYLENE-OXIDE; ASSIGNMENTS
AB Fourier transform spectra of oxirane [ethylene oxide (c-C2H4O)] have been recorded in the 3.17m-3.50m region with a resolution of 0.005cm(- 1). In addition, a Raman spectrum covering the same spectral region was recorded at a resolution of 0.44cm(- 1). Using the Raman spectrum, it was possible to determine the band centre of the (1) band to within 0.5cm(- 1). This determination was essential to assign the infrared region transitions of the B-type (1) band since this weak band is masked by the much stronger A-type bands (2) + (10) and (9) and (13) C-type band. Using a Watson-type Hamiltonian for an asymmetric-top molecule, it was possible to reproduce the observed energy levels to within 2 x 10(- 3) cm(- 1) and the Raman spectrum could be satisfactorily modelled. The band centre was determined to be (0) ((1)) = 3018.3454(10) cm(- 1) (1 sigma uncertainty).
C1 [Lafferty, W. J.] NIST, Sensor Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Flaud, J. -M.; Tchana, Kwabia] UPEC, LISA, UMR CNRS, F-94010 Creteil, France.
[Flaud, J. -M.; Tchana, Kwabia] UPD, F-94010 Creteil, France.
[Fernandez, J. M.] CSIC, Inst Estruct Mat, E-28006 Madrid, Spain.
RP Flaud, JM (reprint author), UPEC, LISA, UMR CNRS, 61 Ave Gen Gaulle, F-94010 Creteil, France.
EM flaud@lisa.u-pec.fr
RI Fernandez, Jose/B-7728-2015
OI Fernandez, Jose/0000-0002-6636-7978
FU Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion [FIS2010-22064-C02]
FX This work has been partially supported by the Spanish Ministerio de
Ciencia e Innovacion through Grant FIS2010-22064-C02.
NR 13
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 7
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0026-8976
J9 MOL PHYS
JI Mol. Phys.
PD AUG 1
PY 2013
VL 111
IS 14-15
SI SI
BP 1983
EP 1986
DI 10.1080/00268976.2013.775516
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 211BR
UT WOS:000323879600005
ER
PT J
AU Fiore, JL
Nesbitt, DJ
AF Fiore, Julie L.
Nesbitt, David J.
TI An RNA folding motif : GNRA tetraloop-receptor interactions
SO QUARTERLY REVIEWS OF BIOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Review
ID GROUP-I INTRON; RANGE TERTIARY INTERACTIONS; LARGE RIBOSOMAL-SUBUNIT;
DI-GMP RIBOSWITCH; X-RAY-SCATTERING; GAAA TETRALOOP; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE;
SINGLE-MOLECULE; TRANSITION-STATE; RIBONUCLEASE-P
AB Nearly two decades after Westhof and Michel first proposed that RNA tetraloops may interact with distal helices, tetraloop-receptor interactions have been recognized as ubiquitous elements of RNA tertiary structure. The unique architecture of GNRA tetraloops (N = any nucleotide, R = purine) enables interaction with a variety of receptors, e. g., helical minor grooves and asymmetric internal loops. The most common example of the latter is the GAAA tetraloop-11 nt tetraloop receptor motif. Biophysical characterization of this motif provided evidence for the modularity of RNA structure, with applications spanning improved crystallization methods to RNA tectonics. In this review, we identify and compare types of GNRA tetraloop-receptor interactions. Then we explore the abundance of structural, kinetic, and thermodynamic information on the frequently occurring and most widely studied GAAA tetraloop-11 nt receptor motif. Studies of this interaction have revealed powerful paradigms for structural assembly of RNA, as well as providing new insights into the roles of cations, transition states and protein chaperones in RNA folding pathways. However, further research will clearly be necessary to characterize other tetraloop-receptor and long-range tertiary binding interactions in detail - an important milestone in the quantitative prediction of free energy landscapes for RNA folding.
C1 [Fiore, Julie L.; Nesbitt, David J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Nesbitt, DJ (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM djn@jila.colorado.edu
FU National Science Foundation [CHE 1012685]; Optical Science and
Engineering Program NSF-IGERT; National Institutes of Health/University
of Colorado Biophysics Training [T32 GM-065103]
FX This work was funded through the National Science Foundation (CHE
1012685), with additional help from the National Institute for Standards
and Technology. J. L. F. was supported in part by the Optical Science
and Engineering Program NSF-IGERT and National Institutes of
Health/University of Colorado Biophysics Training (T32 GM-065103) grant.
We would like to thank Dr Samuel Butcher for many helpful discussions in
preparation of this manuscript.
NR 136
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 8
U2 26
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0033-5835
EI 1469-8994
J9 Q REV BIOPHYS
JI Q. Rev. Biophys.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 46
IS 3
BP 223
EP 264
DI 10.1017/S0033583513000048
PG 42
WC Biophysics
SC Biophysics
GA 219JG
UT WOS:000324501500001
PM 23915736
ER
PT J
AU Arrington, CL
McKay, KS
Baca, ED
Coleman, JJ
Colombe, Y
Finnegan, P
Hite, DA
Hollowell, AE
Jordens, R
Jost, JD
Leibfried, D
Rowen, AM
Warring, U
Weides, M
Wilson, AC
Wineland, DJ
Pappas, DP
AF Arrington, Christian L.
McKay, Kyle S.
Baca, Ehren D.
Coleman, Jonathan J.
Colombe, Yves
Finnegan, Patrick
Hite, Dustin A.
Hollowell, Andrew E.
Joerdens, Robert
Jost, John D.
Leibfried, Dietrich
Rowen, Adam M.
Warring, Ulrich
Weides, Martin
Wilson, Andrew C.
Wineland, David J.
Pappas, David P.
TI Micro-fabricated stylus ion trap
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID LITHOGRAPHY
AB An electroformed, three-dimensional stylus Paul trap was designed to confine a single atomic ion for use as a sensor to probe the electric-field noise of proximate surfaces. The trap was microfabricated with the UV-LIGA technique to reduce the distance of the ion from the surface of interest. We detail the fabrication process used to produce a 150 mu m tall stylus trap with feature sizes of 40 mu m. We confined single, laser-cooled, Mg-25(+) ions with lifetimes greater than 2 h above the stylus trap in an ultra-high-vacuum environment. After cooling a motional mode of the ion at 4 MHz close to its ground state (< n > = 0.34 +/- 0.07), the heating rate of the trap was measured with Raman side-band spectroscopy to be 387 +/- 15 quanta/s at an ion height of 62 mu m above the stylus electrodes. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Arrington, Christian L.; Baca, Ehren D.; Coleman, Jonathan J.; Finnegan, Patrick; Hollowell, Andrew E.; Rowen, Adam M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
[McKay, Kyle S.; Colombe, Yves; Hite, Dustin A.; Joerdens, Robert; Jost, John D.; Leibfried, Dietrich; Warring, Ulrich; Weides, Martin; Wilson, Andrew C.; Wineland, David J.; Pappas, David P.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Arrington, CL (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
EM clarrin@sandia.gov; kyle.mckay@nist.gov
RI Weides, Martin/C-1470-2009;
OI Weides, Martin/0000-0002-2718-6795; Jordens, Robert/0000-0001-5333-0562
FU IARPA under ARO [DNI-017389]; ONR; NIST Quantum Information program
FX This work was supported by IARPA under ARO Contract No. DNI-017389, ONR,
and the NIST Quantum Information program.
NR 19
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 22
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 84
IS 8
AR 085001
DI 10.1063/1.4817304
PG 6
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 211YC
UT WOS:000323947400052
PM 24007096
ER
PT J
AU Miller, DL
Keller, MW
Shaw, JM
Rice, KP
Keller, RR
Diederichsen, KM
AF Miller, David L.
Keller, Mark W.
Shaw, Justin M.
Rice, Katherine P.
Keller, Robert R.
Diederichsen, Kyle M.
TI Giant secondary grain growth in Cu films on sapphire
SO AIP ADVANCES
LA English
DT Article
ID COPPER-ALUMINA INTERFACES; THIN-FILMS; ORIENTATION RELATIONSHIPS;
GRAPHENE
AB Single crystal metal films on insulating substrates are attractive for microelectronics and other applications, but they are difficult to achieve on macroscopic length scales. The conventional approach to obtaining such films is epitaxial growth at high temperature using slow deposition in ultrahigh vacuum conditions. Here we describe a different approach that is both simpler to implement and produces superior results: sputter deposition at modest temperatures followed by annealing to induce secondary grain growth. We show that polycrystalline as-deposited Cu on alpha-Al2O3(0001) can be transformed into Cu(111) with centimeter-sized grains. Employing optical microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and electron backscatter diffraction to characterize the films before and after annealing, we find a particular as-deposited grain structure that promotes the growth of giant grains upon annealing. To demonstrate one potential application of such films, we grow graphene by chemical vapor deposition on wafers of annealed Cu and obtain epitaxial graphene grains of 0.2 mm diameter. This is a work of the U. S. Government and is not subject to copyright protection in the United States.
C1 [Miller, David L.; Keller, Mark W.; Shaw, Justin M.; Rice, Katherine P.; Keller, Robert R.; Diederichsen, Kyle M.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Miller, DL (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM david.miller@nist.gov; mark.keller@nist.gov
RI Shaw, Justin/C-1845-2008;
OI Shaw, Justin/0000-0003-2027-1521; Rice, Katherine/0000-0003-3942-7258;
Diederichsen, Kyle/0000-0002-6787-7996
NR 28
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 4
U2 64
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 2158-3226
J9 AIP ADV
JI AIP Adv.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 3
IS 8
AR 082105
DI 10.1063/1.4817829
PG 10
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Physics, Applied
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics
GA 210PA
UT WOS:000323845000005
ER
PT J
AU Long, WC
Sellers, AJ
Hines, AH
AF Long, W. Christopher
Sellers, Andrew J.
Hines, Anson H.
TI Mechanism by which coarse woody debris affects predation and community
structure in Chesapeake Bay
SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Blue crab; Coarse woody debris; Community structure; Grass shrimp;
Mummichog; Predation
ID HABITAT COMPLEXITY; FORAGING SUCCESS; TEMPORAL VARIATION; SHALLOW-WATER;
FISH HABITAT; BLUE CRABS; FOOD-WEB; STREAM; RIVER; REFUGE
AB Coarse woody debris (CWD) provides a structured habitat in aquatic systems. It is associated with a higher abundance, diversity, and productivity of aquatic animals and can provide a shelter from physical stressors and predation. We investigated the effects of CWD on predation risk and community structure in two field experiments in the Rhode River, Chesapeake Bay. In the first experiment we assessed the effects of the orientation (horizontal or vertical) and complexity (simple or crossed) of CWD, and in the second experiment we investigated the effects of interstitial space (ISS). We measured predation risk in a tethering experiment for three species in each experiment: juvenile blue crab, Callinectes sapidus; mummichog (a type of killifish), Fundulus heteroditus; and grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio. These three species are common in nearshore Chesapeake Bay habitats but differ in their size and habitat use, allowing for a holistic examination of the function of CWD. At the end of the experiments, the benthic community inhabiting the CWD was sampled. By interpreting the community data in light of the predation experiments we were able to examine how the structural characteristics of the CWD affected predation to shape the benthic community. In the first experiment, lowest predation was experienced by blue crabs at the treatments with high complexity at the sediment surface, by mummichogs at all CWD treatments relative to control plots, and by grass shrimp in horizontally oriented treatments. In the second experiment, lowest predation was experienced by blue crabs at moderate to high ISSs, by mummichogs at intermediate ISSs, and by grass shrimp at low and high ISSs. Predation rates for each experimental species could be predicted by the size of the prey, and by both the size of their predators and the size of species that prey on the predators relative to the ISS of the structure. Community structure differed among treatments in both experiments and appeared to be driven primarily by predation risk; species whose predators were in high abundance in a treatment were less abundant themselves. This work demonstrates the importance of CWD and of wooded shorelines as important habitat for both economically and ecologically important species. It also highlights the importance of top-down forcing in the small scale community dynamics of these near-shore habitats. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Long, W. Christopher; Sellers, Andrew J.; Hines, Anson H.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
RP Long, WC (reprint author), NOAA, Kodiak Lab, Resource Assessment & Conservat Engn Div, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr,Natl Marine Fisheries Se, 301 Res Ct, Kodiak, AK 99615 USA.
EM chris.long@noaa.gov
RI Long, William/C-7074-2009
OI Long, William/0000-0002-7095-1245
FU Marine Science Network Fellowship from the Smithsonian Institution; NOAA
grant through the Blue Crab Advanced Research Consortium; NSF Grant for
Research Experience for Undergraduates
FX We thank Lela Schlenker, Laila Melendez, Paige Roberts, Margaret Kramer,
and the other members of the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center
crab lab for the help with field and laboratory work, the SERC invasions
lab for shrimp tethering lessons, and Robert Aguilar for the help in
identifying fish and running statistics. WCL was supported by a Marine
Science Network Fellowship from the Smithsonian Institution and AS was
supported by an Internship funded by NOAA grant through the Blue Crab
Advanced Research Consortium to AHH and NSF Grant for Research
Experience for Undergraduates. Comments from Jordana Long, Ben Daily,
Frank Morado, Robert Foy, and two anonymous reviewers substantially
improved previous versions of the manuscript. The findings and
conclusions in the paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily
represent the views of the National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA. [ST]
NR 48
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 4
U2 41
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-0981
J9 J EXP MAR BIOL ECOL
JI J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 446
BP 297
EP 305
DI 10.1016/j.jembe.2013.05.021
PG 9
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 201JZ
UT WOS:000323139200037
ER
PT J
AU Ryer, CH
Spencer, ML
Iseri, P
Knoth, BA
Laurel, BJ
Stoner, AW
AF Ryer, Clifford H.
Spencer, Mara L.
Iseri, Paul
Knoth, Brian A.
Laurel, Benjamin J.
Stoner, Allen W.
TI Polychaete worm tubes modify juvenile northern rock sole Lepidopsetta
polyxystra depth distribution in Kodiak nurseries
SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Biogenic habitat; Juvenile flatfish; Refuge; Sabellides sibirica; Video
sled
ID WINTER FLOUNDER; LANICE-CONCHILEGA; HABITAT STRUCTURE; ALASKA NURSERY;
PREDATION RISK; SEA-FLOOR; FLATFISH; ABUNDANCE; ESTUARY; PACIFIC
AB We have observed inter-annual variability in the depth distribution of juvenile northern rock sole Lepidopsetta polyxystra on their nursery grounds around Kodiak Island, Alaska. This study evaluates whether this variability is a response to inter-annual changes in the availability of habitat created by polychaete tubes; principally Sabellides sibirica. We suspect that worm tubes constitute an alternative refuge and/or feeding habitat for juvenile flatfish. Accordingly, we hypothesized that during years of low worm abundance, fish would concentrate in the shallows (<10 m depth) where they find refuge from predation, but would move to greater depths (>15 m, where the worms occur) during years when the worms were abundant. Using data on worm abundance and fish density over 5 yr, we tested this hypothesis at 2 Kodiak nursery embayments. Whether worms were abundant in a given year or embayment had no influence on overall fish abundance, however, worm abundance did influence juvenile flatfish depth distributions. At Holiday Beach, where worms tended to be scarce, fish were typically concentrated in shallow water. However, during the 1 year when worms were abundant, fish were concentrated in deeper water. At Pillar Creek Cove, where worms are more regularly found, fish tended to concentrate in deeper water, the exception being the one year when worms were nearly absent. Regression analysis for both sites and all years indicated that the percent of fish occupying shallow water (<10 m) decreased with increasing worm abundance. When worms were prevalent, fish were most commonly found on bottom with sparse to moderate worm cover, but avoided bottom where the worms were so dense as to form a 'turf'. These results demonstrate that the geographic and inter-annual variation in worm tube abundance has significant influence over the distribution of juvenile northern rock sole. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Ryer, Clifford H.; Spencer, Mara L.; Iseri, Paul; Knoth, Brian A.; Laurel, Benjamin J.; Stoner, Allen W.] NOAA Fisheries, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Fisheries Behav Ecol Program, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
RP Ryer, CH (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Fisheries Behav Ecol Program, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, 2030 Marine Sci Dr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
EM cliff.ryer@noaa.gov
FU North Pacific Research Board [R0301, 430]; Habitat and Ecosystems
Processes Research (HEPR) program of the Alaska Fisheries Science
Center, NOAA Fisheries
FX We wish to thank T. Tripp and E. Munk for assistance with the field
portions of this project. K. Swiney and R. Foy provided logistical
support at the Kodiak Research Center. This work was supported by a
Grant (R0301) from the North Pacific Research Board (contribution #430)
and the Habitat and Ecosystems Processes Research (HEPR) program of the
Alaska Fisheries Science Center, NOAA Fisheries. [SS]
NR 49
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 20
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-0981
J9 J EXP MAR BIOL ECOL
JI J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 446
BP 311
EP 319
DI 10.1016/j.jembe.2013.05.026
PG 9
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 201JZ
UT WOS:000323139200039
ER
PT J
AU Rosa, M
Ward, JE
Shumway, SE
Wikfors, GH
Pales-Espinosa, E
Allam, B
AF Rosa, Maria
Ward, J. Evan
Shumway, Sandra E.
Wikfors, Gary H.
Pales-Espinosa, Emmanuelle
Allam, Bassem
TI Effects of particle surface properties on feeding selectivity in the
eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica and the blue mussel Mytilus edulis
SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Bivalve feeding; Crassostrea virginica; Mussel; Mytilus edulis; Oyster;
Particle selection
ID SUSPENSION-FEEDERS; BIVALVES; GIGAS; QUALITY; EFFICIENCY; MOLECULES;
MIXTURES; DETRITUS; ADHESION; CAPTURE
AB The mechanisms by which bivalve molluscs differentiate among particles are not clearly understood. Recent evidence suggests that particle selection by bivalves can be mediated by interactions between carbohydrates attached to a particle's surface and lectins present in the mucus covering the feeding organs. The physicochemical surface properties of particles have also been proposed as factors contributing to particle selection. In this study, we examined the effects of surface charge and wettability of 10-mu m spheres on particle selection by two species of suspension-feeding bivalves: eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica) and blue mussels (Mytilus edulis). Microspheres were delivered to bivalves in particle-selection assays, and the proportions of spheres rejected as pseudofeces and egested as feces were determined using flow cytometry. Results suggest that when given a choice, both mussels and oysters rejected some types of microspheres (e.g., aluminum oxide) and ingested other types (e.g., polystyrene). In some assays, microspheres with very different surface charges or wettabilities were handled similarly, indicating that neither property alone was a qualifier for selection. The differences in surface properties between pairs of microspheres were also considered and used as variables in discriminant analyses. For oysters and mussels, the generated models explained ca. 25% and 72% of the variation in the data, respectively. In both models, wettability was more important than charge in classifying data into their correct group (rejected, preferentially ingested, or not selected). Results from this study support the idea that non-specific physicochemical interactions can play a role in mediating selection in suspension-feeding bivalves. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Rosa, Maria; Ward, J. Evan; Shumway, Sandra E.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Marine Sci, Groton, CT 06340 USA.
[Wikfors, Gary H.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Milford, CT USA.
[Pales-Espinosa, Emmanuelle; Allam, Bassem] SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
RP Rosa, M (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Marine Sci, 1080 Shennecossett Rd, Groton, CT 06340 USA.
EM maria.rosa@uconn.edu
FU NSF [IOS-0718820, IOS-1147122, IOS-0718453, IOS-1146920]; National
Shellfisheries Association; American Malacological Society; Department
of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut
FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Devendra Kalonia for use of
laboratory space and equipment, Gregg Rivara at Cornell Cooperative
Oyster Hatchery for providing oysters, Bridget Holohan and Jennifer Alix
for technical support, and Dr. Lauren Stefaniak and Kelley Bostrom for
helpful comments on the manuscript. This study was supported by NSF
Grant# IOS-0718820 and IOS-1147122 to JEW and SES and IOS-0718453 and
IOS-1146920 to EPS and BA, with additional support to MR from the
National Shellfisheries Association, the American Malacological Society,
and the Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut. [RH]
NR 51
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 3
U2 39
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-0981
EI 1879-1697
J9 J EXP MAR BIOL ECOL
JI J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 446
BP 320
EP 327
DI 10.1016/j.jembe.2013.05.011
PG 8
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 201JZ
UT WOS:000323139200040
ER
PT J
AU Yu, J
Phelan, D
Rodriguez-Rivera, JA
Podlesnyak, A
Louca, D
AF Yu, J.
Phelan, D.
Rodriguez-Rivera, J. A.
Podlesnyak, A.
Louca, Despina
TI Magneto-Polaron Formation and Field-Induced Effects with Dilute Doping
in LaCo1-yNiyO3
SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND NOVEL MAGNETISM
LA English
DT Article
DE Magnetic excitations; Local distortions; Polaron melting
ID MAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTORS; SPIN; TRANSITION; CLUSTERS; LACOO3
AB Dilute magnetic ion doping in LaCo1-yNiyO3 with y <= 1 % leads to the formation of isotropic magnetic clusters that exhibit intracluster interactions which are ferromagnetic in nature. The clusters are comprised of Ni ions surrounded by six magnetically polarized Co ions. The Ni spin is delocalized from the Ni3+ ion but is confined in the vicinity of the six Co coordinated environment forming small magneto-polarons. The cluster ground state is estimated from bulk magnetization to be about g S similar to 10, in contrast to LaCoO3, which is not magnetic. Using neutron spectroscopy, transitions are observed between the lowest energy levels indicating that the cluster ground state is split. Under a magnetic field of 1 Tesla, the transitions are suppressed while with increasing temperature, the intracluster transitions are overshadowed by the activation of the Co3+ ions to the intermediate spin state.
C1 [Yu, J.; Phelan, D.; Louca, Despina] Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
[Phelan, D.; Rodriguez-Rivera, J. A.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Rodriguez-Rivera, J. A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Podlesnyak, A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Louca, D (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
EM Louca@virginia.edu
RI Instrument, CNCS/B-4599-2012; Rodriguez-Rivera, Jose/A-4872-2013;
Podlesnyak, Andrey/A-5593-2013
OI Rodriguez-Rivera, Jose/0000-0002-8633-8314; Podlesnyak,
Andrey/0000-0001-9366-6319
FU US Department of Energy at the University of Virginia
[DE-FG02-01ER45927]; National Science Foundation [DMR-0944772]
FX The authors would like to acknowledge valuable discussions with C.
Leighton and D. Khomskii. They also express their gratitude to K. Yamada
for providing them with the opportunity to grow some of the single
crystals at the Institute of Materials Research of Tohoku University.
This work is supported by the US Department of Energy under contracts
DE-FG02-01ER45927 at the University of Virginia. This work additionally
utilized facilities supported in part by the National Science Foundation
under Agreement No. DMR-0944772.
NR 25
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 8
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1557-1939
J9 J SUPERCOND NOV MAGN
JI J. Supercond. Nov. Magn
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 8
BP 2627
EP 2632
DI 10.1007/s10948-013-2148-x
PG 6
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 211QU
UT WOS:000323925500012
ER
PT J
AU White, AB
Anderson, ML
Dettinger, MD
Ralph, FM
Hinojosa, A
Cayan, DR
Hartman, RK
Reynolds, DW
Johnson, LE
Schneider, TL
Cifelli, R
Toth, Z
Gutman, SI
King, CW
Gehrke, F
Johnston, PE
Walls, C
Mann, D
Gottas, DJ
Coleman, T
AF White, A. B.
Anderson, M. L.
Dettinger, M. D.
Ralph, F. M.
Hinojosa, A.
Cayan, D. R.
Hartman, R. K.
Reynolds, D. W.
Johnson, L. E.
Schneider, T. L.
Cifelli, R.
Toth, Z.
Gutman, S. I.
King, C. W.
Gehrke, F.
Johnston, P. E.
Walls, C.
Mann, D.
Gottas, D. J.
Coleman, T.
TI A Twenty-First-Century California Observing Network for Monitoring
Extreme Weather Events
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Flood events; Hydrology; Radars; Radar observations; Surface
observations; Wind profilers; Numerical weather prediction; forecasting
ID QUANTITATIVE PRECIPITATION FORECASTS; ATMOSPHERIC RIVERS; GPS
METEOROLOGY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; WEST-COAST; CALJET; RAINFALL; RADAR; WATER;
IMPACT
AB During Northern Hemisphere winters, the West Coast of North America is battered by extratropical storms. The impact of these storms is of paramount concern to California, where aging water supply and flood protection infrastructures are challenged by increased standards for urban flood protection, an unusually variable weather regime, and projections of climate change. Additionally, there are inherent conflicts between releasing water to provide flood protection and storing water to meet requirements for the water supply, water quality, hydropower generation, water temperature and flow for at-risk species, and recreation. To improve reservoir management and meet the increasing demands on water, improved forecasts of precipitation, especially during extreme events, are required. Here, the authors describe how California is addressing their most important and costliest environmental issue-water management-in part, by installing a state-of-the-art observing system to better track the area's most severe wintertime storms.
C1 [White, A. B.; Ralph, F. M.; Reynolds, D. W.; Johnson, L. E.; Cifelli, R.; Toth, Z.; Gutman, S. I.; King, C. W.; Johnston, P. E.; Gottas, D. J.; Coleman, T.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Anderson, M. L.; Hinojosa, A.; Gehrke, F.] Calif Dept Water Resources, Sacramento, CA USA.
[Dettinger, M. D.; Cayan, D. R.] US Geol Survey, La Jolla, CA USA.
[Dettinger, M. D.; Cayan, D. R.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Hartman, R. K.] NOAA, Calif Nevada River Forecast Ctr, Sacramento, CA USA.
[Reynolds, D. W.; Johnston, P. E.; Coleman, T.] Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Johnson, L. E.] Colorado State Univ, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Schneider, T. L.] NOAA, Off Hydrol Dev, Boulder, CO USA.
[Walls, C.; Mann, D.] UNAVCO Inc, Boulder, CO USA.
RP White, AB (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, R PSD2,325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM allen.b.white@noaa.gov
RI Toth, Zoltan/I-6624-2015; Schneider, Timothy/D-2832-2015; Johnston,
Paul/E-1914-2016
OI Toth, Zoltan/0000-0002-9635-9194; Johnston, Paul/0000-0002-4046-9351
NR 58
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 31
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
EI 1520-0426
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 30
IS 8
BP 1585
EP 1603
DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-12-00217.1
PG 19
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 207XM
UT WOS:000323638000001
ER
PT J
AU Newsom, RK
Turner, DD
Goldsmith, JEM
AF Newsom, Rob K.
Turner, David D.
Goldsmith, John E. M.
TI Long-Term Evaluation of Temperature Profiles Measured by an Operational
Raman Lidar
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Instrumentation; sensors; Lidars; Lidar observations; Profilers;
atmospheric; Remote sensing
ID ATMOSPHERIC-TEMPERATURE; WATER-VAPOR; EXTINCTION; RADIOSONDE; AEROSOLS;
CLOUDS
AB This study investigates the accuracy and calibration stability of temperature profiles derived from an operational Raman lidar over a 2-yr period from 1 January 2009 to 31 December 2010. The lidar, which uses the rotational Raman technique for temperature measurement, is located at the U.S. Department of Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurement site near Billings, Oklahoma. The lidar performance specifications, data processing algorithms, and the results of several test runs are described. Calibration and overlap correction of the lidar is achieved using simultaneous and collocated radiosonde measurements. Results show that the calibration coefficients exhibit no significant long-term or seasonal variation but do show a distinct diurnal variation. When the diurnal variation in the calibration is not resolved the lidar temperature bias exhibits a significant diurnal variation. Test runs in which only nighttime radiosonde measurements are used for calibration show that the lidar exhibits a daytime warm bias that is correlated with the strength of the solar background signal. This bias, which reaches a maximum of similar to 2.4 K near solar noon, is reduced through the application of a correction scheme in which the calibration coefficients are parameterized in terms of the solar background signal. Comparison between the corrected lidar temperatures and the noncalibration radiosonde temperatures show a negligibly small median bias of -0.013 K for altitudes below 10 km AGL. The corresponding root-mean-square difference profile is roughly constant at similar to 2 K below 6 km AGL and increases to about 4.5 K at 10 km AGL.
C1 [Newsom, Rob K.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Turner, David D.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Goldsmith, John E. M.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA.
RP Newsom, RK (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd,POB 999,MSIN K9-30, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM rob.newsom@pnnl.gov
FU Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the U.S. Department
of Energy as part of the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Climate
Research Facility
FX We wish to thank the staff at the ARM SGP site and Chris Martin in
particular for maintaining the operation of the Raman lidar. This
research was supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental
Research of the U.S. Department of Energy as part of the Atmospheric
Radiation Measurement Climate Research Facility.
NR 26
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 5
U2 18
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 30
IS 8
BP 1616
EP 1634
DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-12-00138.1
PG 19
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 207XM
UT WOS:000323638000003
ER
PT J
AU Neely, RR
Hayman, M
Stillwell, R
Thayer, JP
Hardesty, RM
O'Neill, M
Shupe, MD
Alvarez, C
AF Neely, Ryan R., III
Hayman, Matthew
Stillwell, Robert
Thayer, Jeffrey P.
Hardesty, R. Michael
O'Neill, Michael
Shupe, Matthew D.
Alvarez, Catherine
TI Polarization Lidar at Summit, Greenland, for the Detection of Cloud
Phase and Particle Orientation
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Aerosols; Cloud microphysics; Cloud water; phase; Cloud retrieval;
Lidars; Lidar observations
ID CIRRUS CLOUDS; ICE-SHEET; MICROPHYSICAL PROPERTIES; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER;
BACKSCATTER; EXTINCTION; ALGORITHM; CRYSTALS; AEROSOL; TROPOSPHERE
AB Accurate measurements of cloud properties are necessary to document the full range of cloud conditions and characteristics. The Cloud, Aerosol Polarization and Backscatter Lidar (CAPABL) has been developed to address this need by measuring depolarization, particle orientation, and the backscatter of clouds and aerosols. The lidar is located at Summit, Greenland (72.6 degrees N, 38.5 degrees W; 3200 m MSL), as part of the Integrated Characterization of Energy, Clouds, Atmospheric State, and Precipitation at Summit Project and NOAA's Earth System Research Laboratory's Global Monitoring Division's lidar network. Here, the instrument is described with particular emphasis placed upon the implementation of new polarization methods developed to measure particle orientation and improve the overall accuracy of lidar depolarization measurements. Initial results from the lidar are also shown to demonstrate the ability of the lidar to observe cloud properties.
C1 [Neely, Ryan R., III] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Neely, Ryan R., III] CIRES, Boulder, CO USA.
[Neely, Ryan R., III; O'Neill, Michael; Alvarez, Catherine] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, GMD, Boulder, CO USA.
[Neely, Ryan R., III; Hardesty, R. Michael] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, CSD, Boulder, CO USA.
[Hayman, Matthew] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Adv Studies Program, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Stillwell, Robert; Thayer, Jeffrey P.] Univ Colorado, Dept Aerosp Engn Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[O'Neill, Michael] CIRES, Earth Sci & Observat Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.
[Shupe, Matthew D.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Shupe, Matthew D.] Univ Colorado, ATOC, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Shupe, Matthew D.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, PSD, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Neely, RR (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, UCB 311, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM ryan.neely@colorado.edu
RI Neely, Ryan/F-8702-2010; Shupe, Matthew/F-8754-2011; THAYER, JEFFREY
P./B-7264-2016
OI Neely, Ryan/0000-0003-4560-4812; Shupe, Matthew/0000-0002-0973-9982;
THAYER, JEFFREY P./0000-0001-7127-8251
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [ATM-0454999, ARC-0856559]; National
Center for Atmospheric Research; ESRL-CIRES Graduate Research
Fellowship; University of Colorado at Boulder Undergraduate Research
Opportunities Program Individual Grant Fund
FX This material is based upon work supported by the National Science
Foundation (NSF) under Grants ATM-0454999 and ARC-0856559, and the
National Center for Atmospheric Research. The research done by Ryan R.
Neely III was supported by the ESRL-CIRES Graduate Research Fellowship.
Robert Stillwell was funded by the University of Colorado at Boulder
Undergraduate Research Opportunities Program Individual Grant Fund. We
thank NOAA's Earth System Research Laboratory's Chemical Science
Division, whose original work on DABUL made CAPABL possible, including
Dr. Wynn Eberhard, Dr. Raul Alverez, Dr. Richard Marchbanks, Scott
Sandberg, Dr. Alan Brewer, and Dr. Christoph Senff. The authors also
thank the entire ICECAPS team, especially the vision and hard work of
the additional PI's of the ICECAPS project, Dr. Von Walden, Dr. David
Turner, and their graduate students, particularly Chris Cox, who helped
to provide the estimate of optical depth from the P-AERI.
NR 56
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 13
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
EI 1520-0426
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 30
IS 8
BP 1635
EP 1655
DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-12-00101.1
PG 21
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 207XM
UT WOS:000323638000004
ER
PT J
AU Melnikov, V
Straka, JM
AF Melnikov, Valery
Straka, Jerry M.
TI Axis Ratios and Flutter Angles of Cloud Ice Particles: Retrievals from
Radar Data
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Radars; Radar observations; Remote sensing
ID POLARIMETRIC RADAR; POLARIZATION RADAR; CRYSTALS; HYDROMETEORS; HABITS;
MODE
AB A novel method of retrieving the mean axis ratio (width/length) and standard deviation of orientation angles (sigma(theta), which is called herein the intensity of fluttering) of ice cloud particles from polarimetric radar data is described. The method is based on measurements of differential reflectivity Z(DR) and the copolar correlation coefficient in cloud areas with Z(DR) > 4 dB. In three analyzed cases, the values of the retrieved axis ratio were in an interval from 0.15 to 0.4 and sigma(theta) found in an interval from 2 degrees to 20 degrees. The latter values indicate that the particles experienced light to moderate fluttering. Ambiguities in the retrievals because of uncertainties in the bulk ice density of the particles and possible presence of columnar crystals are considered. The retrieval method is applicable for centimeter-wavelength radars; the analyzed data were collected with the dual-polarization S-band Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler (WSR-88D).
C1 [Melnikov, Valery] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Melnikov, Valery] Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Straka, Jerry M.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
RP Melnikov, V (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM valery.melnikov@noaa.gov
FU NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University of
Oklahoma [NA11OAR4320072]; U.S. Department of Commerce; National Science
Foundation Grant [AGS-1036237]
FX We thank our anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments that
helped us to improve the manuscript. Funding for this study was provided
in part by the NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under
NOAA-University of Oklahoma Cooperative Agreement NA11OAR4320072, U.S.
Department of Commerce, and by the National Science Foundation Grant
AGS-1036237 (program officer Dr. Chungu Lu) during the course of this
work.
NR 27
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 30
IS 8
BP 1691
EP 1703
DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-12-00212.1
PG 13
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 207XM
UT WOS:000323638000007
ER
PT J
AU Xie, H
Nalli, NR
Sampson, S
Wolf, WW
Li, J
Schmit, TJ
Barnet, CD
Joseph, E
Morris, VR
Yang, FL
AF Xie, Hua
Nalli, Nicholas R.
Sampson, Shanna
Wolf, Walter W.
Li, Jun
Schmit, Timothy J.
Barnet, Christopher D.
Joseph, Everette
Morris, Vernon R.
Yang, Fanglin
TI Integration and Ocean-Based Prelaunch Validation of GOES-R Advanced
Baseline Imager Legacy Atmospheric Products
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Algorithms; In situ oceanic observations; Profilers; atmospheric;
Radiosonde observations; Satellite observations; Numerical weather
prediction; forecasting
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; SOUNDER; AEROSOL; SOUNDINGS; RADIANCE; AIRS;
PROFILES; WATER
AB An ocean-based prelaunch evaluation of the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES)-R series Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) legacy atmospheric profile (LAP) products is conducted using proxy data based upon the Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) on board the Meteosat Second Generation satellite. SEVIRI-based LAP temperature and moisture profile retrievals are validated against in situ correlative data obtained over the open ocean from multiple years of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Aerosols and Ocean Science Expeditions (AEROSE). The NOAA AEROSE data include dedicated radiosonde observations (RAOBs) launched from the NOAA ship Ronald H. Brown over the tropical Atlantic: a region optimally situated within the full-disk scanning range of SEVIRI and one of great meteorological importance as the main development area of Atlantic hurricanes. The most recent versions of the GOES-R Algorithm Working Group team algorithms (e.g., cloud mask, aerosol detection products, and LAP) implemented within the algorithms integration team framework (the NOAA operational system that will host these operational product algorithms) are used in the analyses. Forecasts from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction Global Forecasting System (NCEP GFS) are used for the LAP regression and direct comparisons. The GOES-R LAP retrievals are found to agree reasonably with the AEROSE RAOB observations, and overall retrievals improve both temperature and moisture against computer model NCEP GFS outputs. The validation results are then interpreted within the context of a difficult meteorological regime (e.g., Saharan air layers and dust) coupled with the difficulty of using a narrowband imager for the purpose of atmospheric sounding.
C1 [Xie, Hua; Nalli, Nicholas R.; Sampson, Shanna; Yang, Fanglin] IM Syst Grp Inc, NOAA NESDIS STAR, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Sampson, Shanna] Riverside Technol Inc, College Pk, MD USA.
[Wolf, Walter W.; Barnet, Christopher D.] NOAA NESDIS STAR, College Pk, MD USA.
[Li, Jun] Univ Wisconsin, Cooperat Inst Meteorol Satellite Studies, Madison, WI USA.
[Schmit, Timothy J.] NOAA NESDIS STAR, Madison, WI USA.
[Joseph, Everette; Morris, Vernon R.] Howard Univ, NOAA, Ctr Atmospher Sci, Washington, DC 20059 USA.
RP Xie, H (reprint author), IM Syst Grp Inc, NOAA NESDIS STAR, NOAA Ctr Weather & Climate Predict, 5830 Univ Res Ct, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM hua.xie@noaa.gov
RI Nalli, Nicholas/F-6731-2010; Wolf, Walter/E-7935-2011; Li,
Jun/H-3579-2015; Schmit, Timothy/F-5624-2010; Yang, Fanglin/A-1948-2013
OI Nalli, Nicholas/0000-0002-6914-5537; Wolf, Walter/0000-0002-2102-8833;
Li, Jun/0000-0001-5504-9627;
FU GOES-R Algorithm Working Group; NOAA Joint Polar Satellite System Office
(NJO); NASA Sounder Science Team; NOAA [NA17AE1625, NA17AE1623]; NOAA
Office of Climate Observations (Climate Program Office)
FX This research has been supported by the GOES-R (http://www.goes-r.gov/)
Algorithm Working Group (A. Powell, Director of STAR), the NOAA Joint
Polar Satellite System Office (NJO), and the NASA Sounder Science Team.
AEROSE is also supported by the NOAA Educational Partnership Program
Grant NA17AE1625, NOAA Grant NA17AE1623 to establish NCAS, and funding
for PNE is provided by the NOAA Office of Climate Observations (Climate
Program Office).
NR 36
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 30
IS 8
BP 1743
EP 1756
DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-12-00120.1
PG 14
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 207XM
UT WOS:000323638000011
ER
PT J
AU Hormann, V
Lumpkin, R
Perez, RC
AF Hormann, Verena
Lumpkin, Rick
Perez, Renellys C.
TI A Generalized Method for Estimating the Structure of the Equatorial
Atlantic Cold Tongue: Application to Drifter Observations
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Atlantic Ocean; Fronts; Sea surface temperature
ID TROPICAL INSTABILITY WAVES; LONG WAVES; OCEAN; PACIFIC; VORTICES; FRONT
AB A generalized method is developed to determine the position of the Atlantic northern cold tongue front across its zonal extent from satellite sea surface temperature (SST) data. Previous approaches estimated the frontal position subjectively or individually, calling for a more objective technique that is suitable for large datasets. The developed methodology is based on a median frontal SST, and associated positional uncertainties are on the order of 0.3 degrees latitude for the period 1998-2011. Frontal characteristics are generally consistent with tropical instability waves (TIWs) and interannual variations are large. Application to drifter observations shows how the new methodology can be used to better understand circulation features near the northern cold tongue front. A drifter pair deployed on the eastern side of a passing TIW crest north of the front revealed that the trajectories of the drifters were clearly influenced by the shape of the front and they did not cross the front, but rather stayed close together about 2.5 degrees north of the front. In a more complete analysis using all available drifters near the Atlantic northern cold tongue front, only about 12% of the trajectories crossed the front. Analyses in an along- and cross-frontal frame of reference complement isopycnal coordinate mapping, and tropical Atlantic drifter velocities averaged in frontal coordinates indicate a broadened shear zone between the northern branch of the South Equatorial Current and North Equatorial Countercurrent as well as meridional convergence near the front.
C1 [Hormann, Verena; Perez, Renellys C.] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL USA.
[Hormann, Verena; Lumpkin, Rick; Perez, Renellys C.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Hormann, V (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, 9500 Gilman Dr,Mail Code 0213, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM vhormann@ucsd.edu
RI Perez, Renellys/D-1976-2012; Lumpkin, Rick/C-9615-2009
OI Perez, Renellys/0000-0002-4401-3853; Lumpkin, Rick/0000-0002-6690-1704
FU Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies (CIMAS), a
co-operative institute of the University of Miami; National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) [NA17RJ1226]; NOAA's Climate Program
Office; Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory
FX This research was carried out in part under the auspices of the
Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies (CIMAS), a
co-operative institute of the University of Miami and the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Cooperative Agreement
NA17RJ1226. Additional support was provided by NOAA's Climate Program
Office and the Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory. The
authors thank Chris Meinen and Jules Hummon for their help with the ADCP
data as well as Erik Valdes for his help with the drifter pair
observations. Comments from Sang-Ki Lee and Greg Foltz as well as three
anonymous reviewers led to significant improvements in the manuscript.
NR 33
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 15
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 30
IS 8
BP 1884
EP 1895
DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-12-00173.1
PG 12
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 207XM
UT WOS:000323638000021
ER
PT J
AU Foley, MM
Armsby, MH
Prahler, EE
Caldwell, MR
Erickson, AL
Kittinger, JN
Crowder, LB
Levin, PS
AF Foley, Melissa M.
Armsby, Matthew H.
Prahler, Erin E.
Caldwell, Margaret R.
Erickson, Ashley L.
Kittinger, John N.
Crowder, Larry B.
Levin, Phillip S.
TI Improving Ocean Management through the Use of Ecological Principles and
Integrated Ecosyste Assessments
SO BIOSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE integrated ecosystem assessment; national ocean policy; ecological
principles; ecosystem vulnerability
ID MARINE ECOSYSTEMS; CALIFORNIA CURRENT; HUMAN IMPACTS; FRAMEWORK;
SERVICES; MAP; ACIDIFICATION; VULNERABILITY; CONSERVATION; RESILIENCE
AB The US National Ocean Policy calls for ecosystem-based management (EBM) of the ocean to help realize the vision advanced in the 2010 Executive Order on the Stewardship of the Ocean, Our Coasts, and the Great Lakes. However, no specific approach for incorporating EBM into planning was provided. We explore how a set of ecological principles and ecosystem vulnerability concepts can be integrated into emerging comprehensive assessment frameworks, including Australia's National Marine Bioregional Assessments, California's Marine Life Protection Act Initiative's regional profiles, Canada's Eastern Scotian Shelf Integrated Management Initiative, and the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) Integrated Ecosystem Assessment (IEA) program, to transition to ecosystem-based ocean planning. We examine NOAA's IEA framework to demonstrate how these concepts could be incorporated into existing frameworks. Although our discussion is focused on US ocean policy, comprehensive ecological assessments are applicable to a wide array of management strategies and planning processes.
C1 [Foley, Melissa M.; Prahler, Erin E.; Caldwell, Margaret R.; Erickson, Ashley L.; Kittinger, John N.; Crowder, Larry B.] Stanford Univ, Stanford Woods Inst Environm, Ctr Ocean Solut, Monterey, CA USA.
[Caldwell, Margaret R.] Stanford Univ, Stanford Law Sch, Monterey, CA USA.
[Crowder, Larry B.] Stanford Univ, Hopkins Marine Stn, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
[Armsby, Matthew H.] Resources Law Grp, Sacramento, CA USA.
[Levin, Phillip S.] US Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA USA.
RP Foley, MM (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Woods Inst Environm, Ctr Ocean Solut, Monterey, CA USA.
EM mmfoley@stanford.edu
FU David and Lucile Packard Foundation; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
FX This work was supported by the David and Lucile Packard Foundation and
the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. We thank three anonymous
reviewers for helpful comments that improved the manuscript.
NR 57
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 4
U2 65
PU AMER INST BIOLOGICAL SCI
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1444 EYE ST, NW, STE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0006-3568
J9 BIOSCIENCE
JI Bioscience
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 63
IS 8
BP 619
EP 631
DI 10.1525/bio.2013.63.8.5
PG 13
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA 202DO
UT WOS:000323193900005
ER
PT J
AU Straneo, F
Heimbach, P
Sergienko, O
Hamilton, G
Catania, G
Griffies, S
Hallberg, R
Jenkins, A
Joughin, I
Motyka, R
Pfeffer, WT
Price, SF
Rignot, E
Scambos, T
Truffer, M
Vieli, A
AF Straneo, Fiammetta
Heimbach, Patrick
Sergienko, Olga
Hamilton, Gordon
Catania, Ginny
Griffies, Stephen
Hallberg, Robert
Jenkins, Adrian
Joughin, Ian
Motyka, Roman
Pfeffer, W. Tad
Price, Stephen F.
Rignot, Eric
Scambos, Ted
Truffer, Martin
Vieli, Andreas
TI Challenges to Understanding the Dynamic Response of Greenland's Marine
Terminating Glaciers to Oceanic and Atmospheric Forcing
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; FULL STOKES MODEL; ICE-SHEET; JAKOBSHAVN ISBRAE; WEST
GREENLAND; OUTLET GLACIERS; EAST GREENLAND; THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION;
TIDEWATER GLACIERS; NORTH-ATLANTIC
AB The recent retreat and speedup of outlet glaciers, as well as enhanced surface melting around the ice sheet margin, have increased Greenland's contribution to sea level rise to 0.6 +/- 0.1 mm yr(-1) and its discharge of freshwater into the North Atlantic. The widespread, near-synchronous glacier retreat, and its coincidence with a period of oceanic and atmospheric warming, suggests a common climate driver. Evidence points to the marine margins of these glaciers as the region from which changes propagated inland. Yet, the forcings and mechanisms behind these dynamic responses are poorly understood and are either missing or crudely parameterized in climate and ice sheet models. Resulting projected sea level rise contributions from Greenland by 2100 remain highly uncertain. This paper summarizes the current state of knowledge and highlights key physical aspects of Greenland's coupled ice sheet-ocean-atmosphere system. Three research thrusts are identified to yield fundamental insights into ice sheet, ocean, sea ice, and atmosphere interactions, their role in Earth's climate system, and probable trajectories of future changes: 1) focused process studies addressing critical glacier, ocean, atmosphere, and coupled dynamics; 2) sustained observations at key sites; and 3) inclusion of relevant dynamics in Earth system models. Understanding the dynamic response of Greenland's glaciers to climate forcing constitutes both a scientific and technological frontier, given the challenges of obtaining the appropriate measurements from the glaciers' marine termini and the complexity of the dynamics involved, including the coupling of the ocean, atmosphere, glacier, and sea ice systems. Interdisciplinary and international cooperation are crucial to making progress on this novel and complex problem.
C1 [Straneo, Fiammetta] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Heimbach, Patrick] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Sergienko, Olga] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Sergienko, Olga; Griffies, Stephen; Hallberg, Robert] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Hamilton, Gordon] Univ Maine, Orono, ME USA.
[Catania, Ginny] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Jenkins, Adrian] British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge CB3 0ET, England.
[Joughin, Ian] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Motyka, Roman; Truffer, Martin] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK USA.
[Pfeffer, W. Tad] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Price, Stephen F.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Rignot, Eric] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA USA.
[Rignot, Eric] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Scambos, Ted] Univ Colorado, Natl Snow & Ice Data Ctr, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Vieli, Andreas] Univ Durham, Durham, England.
RP Straneo, F (reprint author), Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Mail Stop 21,266 Woods Hole Rd, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM fstraneo@whoi.edu
RI Catania, Ginny/B-9787-2008; Heimbach, Patrick/K-3530-2013; Joughin,
Ian/A-2998-2008; Price, Stephen /E-1568-2013; Rignot, Eric/A-4560-2014;
OI Heimbach, Patrick/0000-0003-3925-6161; Joughin, Ian/0000-0001-6229-679X;
Price, Stephen /0000-0001-6878-2553; Rignot, Eric/0000-0002-3366-0481;
Vieli, Andreas/0000-0002-2870-5921; Straneo,
Fiammetta/0000-0002-1735-2366
FU Norwegian Centre for International Cooperation in Education (SiU)
FX This is a contribution to the activity of the U.S. CLIVAR Working Group
on Greenland Ice Sheet-Ocean Interactions (GRISO). Mike Patterson is
thanked for his engagement and guidance. The idea for establishment of
such a working group originated during the Advanced Climate Dynamics
Course (ACDC) 2010 on Ice Sheet-Ocean Interactions at the MIT-Fablab in
Lyngen, Norway (see
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2010EO450006/abstract), with
the Norwegian Centre for International Cooperation in Education (SiU) as
its main sponsor. We thank three anonymous reviewers for their comments.
NR 97
TC 51
Z9 51
U1 0
U2 80
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 94
IS 8
BP 1131
EP 1144
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00100.1
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 205YZ
UT WOS:000323482200005
ER
PT J
AU Ralph, FM
Intrieri, J
Andra, D
Atlas, R
Boukabara, S
Bright, D
Davidson, P
Entwistle, B
Gaynor, J
Goodman, S
Jiing, JG
Harless, A
Huang, J
Jedlovec, G
Kain, J
Koch, S
Kuo, B
Levit, J
Murillo, S
Riishojgaard, LP
Schneider, T
Schneider, R
Smith, T
Weiss, S
AF Ralph, F. Martin
Intrieri, Janet
Andra, David
Atlas, Robert
Boukabara, Sid
Bright, David
Davidson, Paula
Entwistle, Bruce
Gaynor, John
Goodman, Steve
Jiing, Jiann-Gwo
Harless, Amy
Huang, Jin
Jedlovec, Gary
Kain, John
Koch, Steven
Kuo, Bill
Levit, Jason
Murillo, Shirley
Riishojgaard, Lars Peter
Schneider, Timothy
Schneider, Russell
Smith, Travis
Weiss, Steven
TI The Emergence of Weather-Related Test Beds Linking Research and
Forecasting Operations
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID GOES-R; PRECIPITATION FORECASTS; DATA ASSIMILATION; SPRING PROGRAM; WRF
MODEL; PREDICTION; INFORMATION; SURFACE; INITIALIZATION; COLLABORATION
AB Test beds have emerged as a critical mechanism linking weather research with forecasting operations. The U.S. Weather Research Program (USWRP) was formed in the 1990s to help identify key gaps in research related to major weather prediction problems and the role of observations and numerical models. This planning effort ultimately revealed the need for greater capacity and new approaches to improve the connectivity between the research and forecasting enterprise. Out of this developed the seeds for what is now termed test beds. While many individual projects, and even more broadly the NOAA/National Weather Service (NWS) Modernization, were successful in advancing weather prediction services, it was recognized that specific forecast problems warranted a more focused and elevated level of effort. The USWRP helped develop these concepts with science teams and provided seed funding for several of the test beds described. Based on the varying NOAA mission requirements for forecasting, differences in the organizational structure and methods used to provide those services, and differences in the state of the science related to those forecast challenges, test beds have taken on differing characteristics, strategies, and priorities. Current test bed efforts described have all emerged between 2000 and 2011 and focus on hurricanes (Joint Hurricane Testbed), precipitation (Hydrometeorology Testbed), satellite data assimilation (Joint Center for Satellite Data Assimilation), severe weather (Hazardous Weather Testbed), satellite data support for severe weather prediction (Short-Term Prediction Research and Transition Center), mesoscale modeling (Developmental Testbed Center), climate forecast products (Climate Testbed), testing and evaluation of satellite capabilities [Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite-R Series (GOES-R) Proving Ground], aviation applications (Aviation Weather Testbed), and observing system experiments (OSSE Testbed).
C1 [Ralph, F. Martin; Intrieri, Janet] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Andra, David] NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Norman, OK USA.
[Atlas, Robert; Murillo, Shirley] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Boukabara, Sid; Riishojgaard, Lars Peter] Joint Ctr Satellite Data Assimilat, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Bright, David; Entwistle, Bruce; Harless, Amy; Levit, Jason] NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Natl Centers Environm Predict, Kansas City, MO USA.
[Davidson, Paula] NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Off Sci & Technol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Gaynor, John] NOAA, Off Policy Planning & Evaluat, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Gaynor, John] NOAA, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Goodman, Steve] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Jiing, Jiann-Gwo] NOAA, Natl Hurricane Ctr, Miami Beach, FL USA.
[Huang, Jin] NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Climate Predict Ctr, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Jedlovec, Gary] NASA, Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL USA.
[Kain, John; Koch, Steven; Smith, Travis] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Kain, John; Koch, Steven; Smith, Travis] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Kuo, Bill] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Schneider, Timothy] NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Off Hydrol Dev, Boulder, CO USA.
[Schneider, Russell; Weiss, Steven] NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Storm Predict Ctr, Norman, OK USA.
RP Ralph, FM (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, R E PSD, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM marty.ralph@noaa.gov
RI Atlas, Robert/A-5963-2011; Boukabara, Sid Ahmed/F-5577-2010; Murillo,
Shirley/C-3259-2014; Intrieri, Janet/D-5608-2015; Schneider,
Timothy/D-2832-2015
OI Atlas, Robert/0000-0002-0706-3560; Boukabara, Sid
Ahmed/0000-0002-1857-3806; Murillo, Shirley/0000-0002-2075-8682;
FU U.S. Weather Research Program in NOAA/OAR's Office of Weather and Air
Quality; NSSL; NWS/SPC; NWS/Norman WFO; NOAA/OAR under the
NOAA-University of Oklahoma, U.S. Department of Commerce
[NA08OAR4320904]; NOAA; U.S. Air Force; NSF; NCAR; NCEP; NOAA Climate
Program Office; Earth Science Division at NASA headquarters; NOAA GOES-R
Program Science Office
FX The U.S. Weather Research Program in NOAA/OAR's Office of Weather and
Air Quality provides full support for JHT, partial support for HMT and
DTC, and seed funding for the OSSE Testbed. The HWT is jointly funded
and managed by NSSL, NWS/SPC, and NWS/Norman WFO, with NSSL providing
funding for the majority of the infrastructure. Funding is also provided
by NOAA/OAR under the NOAA-University of Oklahoma Cooperative Agreement
NA08OAR4320904, U.S. Department of Commerce. The DTC is jointly
sponsored by the NOAA, U.S. Air Force, NSF, and NCAR. NCEP and the NOAA
Climate Program Office jointly support the CTB. SPoRT is funded by the
Earth Science Division at NASA headquarters and the NOAA GOES-R Program
Science Office. The NOAA GOES-R Program Science Office supports the
GOES-R Proving Ground.
NR 57
TC 20
Z9 25
U1 2
U2 21
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 94
IS 8
BP 1187
EP 1211
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00080.1
PG 25
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 205YZ
UT WOS:000323482200008
ER
PT J
AU Kain, JS
Coniglio, MC
Correia, J
Clark, AJ
Marsh, PT
Ziegler, CL
Lakshmanan, V
Miller, SD
Dembek, SR
Weiss, SJ
Kong, FY
Xue, M
Sobash, RA
Dean, AR
Jirak, IL
Melick, CJ
AF Kain, John S.
Coniglio, Michael C.
Correia, James
Clark, Adam J.
Marsh, Patrick T.
Ziegler, Conrad L.
Lakshmanan, Valliappa
Miller, Stuart D., Jr.
Dembek, Scott R.
Weiss, Steven J.
Kong, Fanyou
Xue, Ming
Sobash, Ryan A.
Dean, Andrew R.
Jirak, Israel L.
Melick, Christopher J.
TI A Feasibility Study for Probabilistic Convection Initiation Forecasts
Based on Explicit Numerical Guidance
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID STORM INITIATION; PARAMETERIZING ENSEMBLES; SPRING EXPERIMENT; MOIST
CONVECTION; WRF MODEL; BOUNDARY; LAYER; WEATHER; IDENTIFICATION;
THUNDERSTORMS
AB The 2011 Spring Forecasting Experiment in the NOAA Hazardous Weather Testbed (HWT) featured a significant component on convection initiation (CI). As in previous HWT experiments, the CI study was a collaborative effort between forecasters and researchers, with equal emphasis on experimental forecasting strategies and evaluation of prototype model guidance products. The overarching goal of the CI effort was to identify the primary challenges of the CI forecasting problem and to establish a framework for additional studies and possible routine forecasting of CI. This study confirms that convection-allowing models with grid spacing similar to 4 km represent many aspects of the formation and development of deep convection clouds explicitly and with predictive utility. Further, it shows that automated algorithms can skillfully identify the CI process during model integration. However, it also reveals that automated detection of individual convection cells, by itself, provides inadequate guidance for the disruptive potential of deep convection activity. Thus, future work on the CI forecasting problem should be couched in terms of convection-event prediction rather than detection and prediction of individual convection cells.
C1 [Kain, John S.; Coniglio, Michael C.; Clark, Adam J.; Marsh, Patrick T.; Ziegler, Conrad L.; Lakshmanan, Valliappa; Sobash, Ryan A.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Correia, James; Melick, Christopher J.] NOAA, Storm Predict Ctr, Norman, OK USA.
[Correia, James; Clark, Adam J.; Marsh, Patrick T.; Lakshmanan, Valliappa; Melick, Christopher J.] Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK USA.
[Marsh, Patrick T.; Miller, Stuart D., Jr.; Sobash, Ryan A.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Miller, Stuart D., Jr.] Air Force Inst Technol, Civilian Inst Programs, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA.
[Dembek, Scott R.] Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK USA.
[Weiss, Steven J.; Dean, Andrew R.; Jirak, Israel L.] NOAA, Storm Predict Ctr, Norman, OK USA.
[Kong, Fanyou; Xue, Ming] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Kong, Fanyou; Xue, Ming] Ctr Anal & Predict Storms, Norman, OK USA.
RP Kain, JS (reprint author), Natl Severe Storms Lab, 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM jack.kain@noaa.gov
RI Xue, Ming/F-8073-2011
OI Xue, Ming/0000-0003-1976-3238
FU NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University of
Oklahoma, U.S. Department of Commerce [NA17RJ1227]; NOAA Collaborative
Science, Technology, and Applied Research (CSTAR); NSF [AGS-0802888,
OCI-0905040, AGS-0941491, AGS-1046171, AGS-1046081]; National Science
Foundation XSEDE
FX Authors Clark, Correia, Dembek, Lakshmanan, Marsh, Melick, Miller, and
Sobash were partially funded by the NOAA/Office of Oceanic and
Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University of Oklahoma Cooperative
Agreement NA17RJ1227, U.S. Department of Commerce.; CAPS ensemble
forecasts were supported by the NOAA Collaborative Science, Technology,
and Applied Research (CSTAR) Program with supplementary support from NSF
Grant AGS-0802888. M. Xue was also supported by NSF Grants OCI-0905040,
AGS-0941491, AGS-1046171, and AGS-1046081. CAPS forecasts were supported
National Science Foundation XSEDE grant allocation, and computations
were performed at the National Institute for Computational Sciences.
Many scientists at CAPS contributed to the design and production of the
ensemble forecasts, including Kevin Thomas, Yunheng Wang, Keith
Brewster, Jidong Gao, and Xuguang Wang.
NR 40
TC 33
Z9 34
U1 1
U2 19
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 94
IS 8
BP 1213
EP 1225
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-11-00264.1
PG 13
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 205YZ
UT WOS:000323482200009
ER
PT J
AU Polyakov, SV
Piacentini, F
Traina, P
Degiovanni, IP
Migdall, A
Brida, G
Genovese, M
AF Polyakov, Sergey V.
Piacentini, Fabrizio
Traina, Paolo
Degiovanni, Ivo P.
Migdall, Alan
Brida, Giorgio
Genovese, Marco
TI Practical Implementation of a Test of Event-Based Corpuscular Model as
an Alternative to Quantum Mechanics
SO FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Single photons; Parametric down-conversion; Foundations of quantum
mechanics; Local realism tests
ID ROSEN-BOHM EXPERIMENTS; FAIR SAMPLING ASSUMPTION; HIDDEN VARIABLE
THEORIES; LOCAL REALIST MODEL; SINGLET-STATE; SIMULATION; OPTICS;
INEQUALITIES; LIGHT
AB We describe in detail the first experimental test that distinguishes between an event-based corpuscular model of the interaction of photons with matter and quantum mechanics. The test looks at the interference that results as a single photon passes through a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The experimental results, obtained with a low-noise single-photon source, agree with the predictions of standard quantum mechanics.
C1 [Polyakov, Sergey V.; Migdall, Alan] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Polyakov, Sergey V.; Migdall, Alan] UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Piacentini, Fabrizio; Traina, Paolo; Degiovanni, Ivo P.; Brida, Giorgio; Genovese, Marco] Ist Nazl Ric Metrol, I-10135 Turin, Italy.
RP Degiovanni, IP (reprint author), Ist Nazl Ric Metrol, Str Cacce 91, I-10135 Turin, Italy.
EM i.degiovanni@inrim.it; m.genovese@inrim.it
RI genovese, marco/D-4862-2013; Degiovanni, Ivo Pietro/F-2140-2013;
Piacentini, Fabrizio/N-6684-2015; Traina, Paolo/O-5418-2015
OI genovese, marco/0000-0001-9186-8849; Degiovanni, Ivo
Pietro/0000-0003-0332-3115; Piacentini, Fabrizio/0000-0002-8098-5692;
Traina, Paolo/0000-0003-3276-282X
FU European Union [912/2009/EC, IND06-MIQC]; MIUR FIRB [RBFR10YQ3H,
RBFR10VZUG, RBFR10UAUV]; Compagnia di San Paolo; NSF Physics Frontier
Center at the Joint Quantum Institute
FX The research leading to these results has received funding from the
European Union on the basis of Decision No. 912/2009/EC (project
IND06-MIQC), by MIUR FIRB RBFR10YQ3H (Lichis), RBFR10VZUG (Thermalskin)
and RBFR10UAUV (Diamante), and by Compagnia di San Paolo. S.V.P. and
A.M. acknowledge partial support from the NSF Physics Frontier Center at
the Joint Quantum Institute.
NR 41
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 8
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0015-9018
J9 FOUND PHYS
JI Found. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 43
IS 8
BP 913
EP 922
DI 10.1007/s10701-013-9718-4
PG 10
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 202GP
UT WOS:000323202400001
ER
PT J
AU Van Houtan, KS
McClenachan, L
Kittinger, JN
AF Van Houtan, Kyle S.
McClenachan, Loren
Kittinger, John N.
TI Seafood menus reflect long-term ocean changes
SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Letter
ID FLORIDA; USA
C1 [Van Houtan, Kyle S.] NOAA Fisheries, Pacific Islands Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA.
[Van Houtan, Kyle S.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm & Earth Sci, Durham, NC USA.
[McClenachan, Loren] Colby Coll, Environm Sci Program, Waterville, ME 04901 USA.
[Kittinger, John N.] Stanford Univ, Ctr Ocean Solut, Monterey, CA USA.
RP Van Houtan, KS (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, Pacific Islands Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA.
EM kyle.vanhoutan@gmail.com
OI Van Houtan, Kyle/0000-0001-5725-1773
NR 15
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 3
U2 23
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1540-9295
J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON
JI Front. Ecol. Environ.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 11
IS 6
BP 289
EP 290
DI 10.1890/13.WB.015
PG 2
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 202VT
UT WOS:000323249100010
ER
PT J
AU Chavez-Santiago, R
Sayrafian-Pour, K
Khaleghi, A
Takizawa, K
Wang, JQ
Balasingham, I
Li, HB
AF Chavez-Santiago, Raul
Sayrafian-Pour, Kamran
Khaleghi, Ali
Takizawa, Kenichi
Wang, Jianqing
Balasingham, Ilangko
Li, Huan-Bang
TI Propagation Models for IEEE 802.15.6 Standardization of Implant
Communication in Body Area Networks
SO IEEE COMMUNICATIONS MAGAZINE
LA English
DT Article
AB A body area network is a radio communication protocol for short-range, low-power, and highly reliable wireless communication for use on the surface, inside, or in the peripheral proximity of the human body. Combined with various biomedical sensors, BANs enable real-time collection and monitoring of physiological signals. Therefore, it is regarded as an important technology for the treatment and prevention of chronic diseases, and health monitoring of the elderly. The IEEE 802 LAN/MAN Standards Committee approved Task Group TG15.6 in December 2007. As a result of more than four years of effort, in February 2012, TG15.6 published the first international standard for BANs, IEEE Std 802.15.6. Throughout the development of this standard, ample collaboration between the standardization group and the research community was required. In particular, understanding the radio propagation mechanisms for BANs demanded the most research effort. Technical challenges were magnified for the case of implant communication because of the impossibility of conducting in-body measurements with human subjects. Therefore, research in this field had to make use of intricate computer simulations. This article outlines some of the research that has been done to obtain accurate propagation models supporting the standardization of implant communication in BANs. Current research to enhance the channel models of IEEE Std 802.15.6 through the use of ultra wideband signals for implantable devices along with physical measurements in animals is also presented.
C1 [Chavez-Santiago, Raul] Oslo Univ Hosp, Intervent Ctr, Oslo, Norway.
[Sayrafian-Pour, Kamran] NIST, Informat Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
[Khaleghi, Ali] KN Toosi Univ Technol, Tehran, Iran.
[Takizawa, Kenichi] NICT, Tokyo, Japan.
[Wang, Jianqing] Nagoya Inst Technol, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
[Balasingham, Ilangko] Oslo Univ Hosp, Wireless Sensor Network Res Grp, Oslo, Norway.
[Balasingham, Ilangko] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Trondheim, Norway.
[Li, Huan-Bang] NICT, CRL, Tokyo, Japan.
RP Chavez-Santiago, R (reprint author), Oslo Univ Hosp, Intervent Ctr, Oslo, Norway.
EM raul.chavez-santiago@rr-research.no; kamran.sayrafian@nist.gov;
ali.khaleghi@rr-research.no; takizawa@nict.go.jp; wang@nitech.ac.jp;
ilangko.balasingham@medisin.uio.no; lee@nict.go.jp
OI Khaleghi, Ali/0000-0002-8372-1529
FU Research Council of Norway [187857/S10]
FX R. Chavez-Santiago, A. Khaleghi, and I. Balasingham acknowledge
financial support from the Research Council of Norway, given through the
MELODY Project (contract no. 187857/S10).
NR 16
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 10
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0163-6804
J9 IEEE COMMUN MAG
JI IEEE Commun. Mag.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 51
IS 8
BP 80
EP 87
PG 8
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 206AT
UT WOS:000323488500011
ER
PT J
AU Caldwell, JD
Glembocki, OJ
Francescato, Y
Sharac, N
Giannini, V
Bezares, FJ
Long, JP
Owrutsky, JC
Vurgaftman, I
Tischler, JG
Wheeler, VD
Bassim, ND
Shirey, LM
Kasica, R
Maier, SA
AF Caldwell, Joshua D.
Glembocki, Orest J.
Francescato, Yan
Sharac, Nicholas
Giannini, Vincenzo
Bezares, Francisco J.
Long, James P.
Owrutsky, Jeffrey C.
Vurgaftman, Igor
Tischler, Joseph G.
Wheeler, Virginia D.
Bassim, Nabil D.
Shirey, Loretta M.
Kasica, Richard
Maier, Stefan A.
TI Low-Loss, Extreme Subdiffraction Photon Confinement via Silicon Carbide
Localized Surface Phonon Polariton Resonators
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Optical phonon; polar dielectric; phonon polariton; silicon carbide;
nanopillar; subdiffraction confinement; plasmonics; nanoantenna;
mid-infrared
ID ENHANCED INFRARED-ABSORPTION; NANOANTENNA ARRAYS; GRAPHENE PLASMONICS;
RAMAN-SCATTERING; SPECTROSCOPY; LIGHT; NANOPARTICLES; RESONANCES;
NANOSCALE; EMISSION
AB Plasmonics provides great promise for nanophotonic applications. However, the high optical losses inherent in metal-based plasmonic systems have limited progress. Thus, it is critical to identify alternative low-loss materials. One alternative is polar dielectrics that support surface phonon polariton SPhP) modes, where the confinement of infrared light is aided by optical phonons. Using fabricated 6H-silicon carbide nanopillar antenna arrays, we report on the observation of subdiffraction, localized SPhP resonances. They exhibit a dipolar resonance transverse to the nanopillar axis and a monopolar resonance associated with the longitudinal axis dependent upon the SiC substrate. Both exhibit exceptionally narrow linewidths (7-24 cm(-1)), with quality factors of 40-135, which exceed the theoretical limit of plasmonic systems, with extreme subwavelength confinement of (lambda(3)(res)/V-eff)(1/3) = 50-200. Under certain conditions, the modes are Raman-active, enabling their study in the visible spectral range. These observations promise to reinvigorate research in SPhP phenomena and their use for nanophotonic applications.
C1 [Caldwell, Joshua D.; Glembocki, Orest J.; Bezares, Francisco J.; Long, James P.; Owrutsky, Jeffrey C.; Vurgaftman, Igor; Tischler, Joseph G.; Wheeler, Virginia D.; Bassim, Nabil D.; Shirey, Loretta M.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA.
[Francescato, Yan; Giannini, Vincenzo; Maier, Stefan A.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Phys, Blackett Lab, London, England.
[Kasica, Richard] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Sharac, Nicholas] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Irvine, CA USA.
RP Caldwell, JD (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC USA.
EM joshua.caldwell@nrl.navy.mil
RI Caldwell, Joshua/B-3253-2008; Shirey, Loretta/B-3164-2013; Giannini,
Vincenzo/J-3088-2014
OI Caldwell, Joshua/0000-0003-0374-2168; Shirey,
Loretta/0000-0003-2600-3405; Giannini, Vincenzo/0000-0001-8025-4964
FU NRL Nanoscience Institute; ASEE-NRL Postdoctoral Fellowship Program;
EPSRC; Leverhulme Trust
FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Kathy Wahl, Dr. Dan Barlow, and Dr.
Dan Burden of the Chemistry Division at the NRL for the use of their
FTIR microscope and their assistance with the experimental setup. We
would also like to thank Mr. Alex Boosalis of the University of Nebraska
for his IR-VASE ellipsometry measurements from which initial optical
constants of the SiC materials available at NRL were derived. We would
also like to thank Dr. Lucas Lindsay and Dr. Thomas Reinecke for
calculations of optical phonon lifetimes within SiC nanostructures used
in the development of this effort and Professor Gennady Shvets for
discussion of modal descriptions. Finally, electron beam lithography was
performed at the NIST Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology.
Funding for NRL authors was provided by the NRL Nanoscience Institute.
F.J.B. acknowledges support from the ASEE-NRL Postdoctoral Fellowship
Program. Y.F., S.M., and V.G. acknowledge support from EPSRC and
Leverhulme Trust.
NR 57
TC 50
Z9 50
U1 14
U2 131
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 13
IS 8
BP 3690
EP 3697
DI 10.1021/nl401590g
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 202SX
UT WOS:000323241000039
PM 23815389
ER
PT J
AU Van Doornik, DM
Eddy, DL
Waples, RS
Boe, SJ
Hoffnagle, TL
Berntson, EA
Moran, P
AF Van Doornik, Donald M.
Eddy, Debra L.
Waples, Robin S.
Boe, Stephen J.
Hoffnagle, Timothy L.
Berntson, Ewann A.
Moran, Paul
TI Genetic Monitoring of Threatened Chinook Salmon Populations: Estimating
Introgression of Nonnative Hatchery Stocks and Temporal Genetic Changes
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID BROWN TROUT POPULATIONS; COLUMBIA RIVER-BASIN; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS;
PACIFIC SALMON; COHO SALMON; ONCORHYNCHUS-KISUTCH; BREEDING SUCCESS;
ARTIFICIAL PROPAGATION; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; CONSERVATION GENETICS
AB Conservation efforts aimed at Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) populations have frequently utilized artificial propagation in an attempt to increase fish abundance. However, this approach carries the risk of unwanted changes in the genetic characteristics of the target population and perhaps others that might incidentally be affected. We used genetic monitoring techniques to estimate the amount of introgression that has occurred from nonnative hatchery stocks into native populations and to determine the extent of genetic changes that have occurred in association with supplementation efforts over the past 20-50years in Snake River Chinook Salmon O. tshawytscha populations from northeastern Oregon. A total of 4,178 fish from 13 populations were genotyped for 12 microsatellite DNA loci. Expected heterozygosity values for each sample ranged from 0.707 to 0.868. Estimates of the effective number of breeders per year in the naturally spawning populations ranged from 20.6 to 459.1, whereas in the hatchery populations they ranged from 33.8 to 1,118.8. We found that introgression from the Rapid River Hatchery stock was particularly noticeable in the early 1990s but that it appears to have had a substantial effect on only two of the native populations (Lookingglass Creek and the upper Grande Ronde River) despite the ample opportunities for introgression to occur. All seven of the native populations sampled have maintained their levels of within-population genetic diversity throughout the sampling period. Overall, this region's supplementation efforts appear to have had a minimal effect on the genetic diversity of its Chinook Salmon populations.
C1 [Van Doornik, Donald M.; Berntson, Ewann A.] NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Manchester Res Stn, Manchester, WA 98353 USA.
[Eddy, Debra L.; Hoffnagle, Timothy L.] Eastern Oregon Univ, Oregon Dept Fish & Wildlife Northeast Cent Fish R, La Grande, OR 97850 USA.
[Waples, Robin S.; Moran, Paul] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Boe, Stephen J.] Agr Serv Ctr, Island City, OR 97850 USA.
RP Van Doornik, DM (reprint author), NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Manchester Res Stn, POB 130, Manchester, WA 98353 USA.
EM don.vandoornik@noaa.gov
RI Waples, Robin/K-1126-2016
FU Bonneville Power Administration
FX The authors thank the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian
Reservation, the Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission, and the
Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife for assistance with sample
collecting and the Bonneville Power Administration for providing funding
for this research. Jeff Hard, Linda Park, and David Teel provided
valuable reviews of previous versions of this manuscript.
NR 72
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 55
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PD AUG 1
PY 2013
VL 33
IS 4
BP 693
EP 706
DI 10.1080/02755947.2013.790861
PG 14
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 201MJ
UT WOS:000323145400003
ER
PT J
AU Chaouch, N
Leconte, R
Magagi, R
Temimi, M
Khanbilvardi, R
AF Chaouch, Naira
Leconte, Robert
Magagi, Ramata
Temimi, Marouane
Khanbilvardi, Reza
TI Multi-Stage Inversion Method to Retrieve Soil Moisture from Passive
Microwave Measurements over the Mackenzie River Basin
SO VADOSE ZONE JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID VEGETATION OPTICAL DEPTH; POLARIZATION DIFFERENCE INDEX; AMSR-E;
SURFACE-ROUGHNESS; UNITED-STATES; EMISSION; TEMPERATURES; RADIOMETER;
SYSTEM; ENERGY
AB An approach is proposed to estimate soil moisture from Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for the Earth Observing System (AMSR-E) 6.9 GHz passive microwave observations. The approach was evaluated over two watersheds in the Mackenzie River Basin in northwestern Canada as a contribution to the Canadian Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment (GEWEX) study and the Mackenzie GEWEX Study (MAGS). Based on the sensitivity of the emitted microwave signal to soil roughness and vegetation parameters, a two-stage method was applied to calibrate a microwave radiative transfer model. Roughness parameters were determined using observations taken under dry conditions. Vegetation parameters were determined using observations taken under wet conditions. Obtained soil roughness and vegetation parameters were then integrated in the radiative transfer model to retrieve soil moisture. The performances of the proposed approach were evaluated against in situ observations, estimates from the NASA soil moisture product (AMSR-E), model-based soil moisture estimates from the NARR and gauge-based precipitation observations. The lowest RMSE of 0.0254 g/cm(3) was obtained between the retrieved soil moisture and in situ soil moisture. But, the RMSE between the NARR estimates and in situ soil moisture was 0.055 g/cm(3) and between the NASA AMSR-E product and in situ observation was 0.072 g/cm(3). This implies that the proposed approach led to an improvement of 55% and 72% in the obtained RMSE over NARR and NASA AMSR-E soil moisture, respectively. It is noteworthy that the proposed approach is expandable to larger watersheds and very appropriate for remote regions like the Mackenzie River Basin where information on roughness and vegetation are scarce.
C1 [Chaouch, Naira; Temimi, Marouane; Khanbilvardi, Reza] CUNY, NOAA CREST Inst, New York, NY 10031 USA.
[Leconte, Robert] Univ Sherbrooke, Dept Civil Engn, Sherbrooke, PQ J1K 2R1, Canada.
[Magagi, Ramata] Univ Sherbrooke, Dept Geomat Appl, Sherbrooke, PQ J1K 2R1, Canada.
RP Chaouch, N (reprint author), CUNY, NOAA CREST Inst, Steinman Hall, New York, NY 10031 USA.
EM nchaouch@ccny.cuny.edu
FU MAGS; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
(NSERC)
FX This work was supported by MAGS and Natural Sciences and Engineering
Research Council of Canada (NSERC). The authors would like to thank
Professor William L. Quinton at the Department of Geography and
Environment Studies at Wilfrid Laurier University for providing the in
situ soil moisture observations at Scotty Creek.
NR 40
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 9
PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 1539-1663
J9 VADOSE ZONE J
JI Vadose Zone J.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 12
IS 3
DI 10.2136/vzj2012.0134
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources
GA 201RV
UT WOS:000323161600032
ER
PT J
AU Bahnfleth, WP
Fisk, WJ
Burroughs, HEB
Persily, A
Martin, SB
Stanke, D
Li, YG
AF Bahnfleth, William P.
Fisk, William J.
Burroughs, H. E. Barney
Persily, Andrew
Martin, Stephen B.
Stanke, Dennis
Li, Yuguo
TI Shaping the Next Indoor Air Quality
SO ASHRAE JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Fisk, William J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Indoor Environm Grp, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Persily, Andrew] NIST, Div Energy & Environm, Indoor Air Qual & Ventilat Grp, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
[Martin, Stephen B.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Resp Dis Studies, Field Studies Branch, Washington, DC USA.
[Li, Yuguo] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Mech Engn, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING AIR-CONDITIONING ENG, INC,
PI ATLANTA
PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA
SN 0001-2491
J9 ASHRAE J
JI ASHRAE J.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 55
IS 8
BP 50
EP +
PG 7
WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering,
Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering
GA 202DH
UT WOS:000323193200015
ER
PT J
AU Korngut, PM
Renbarger, T
Arai, T
Battle, J
Bock, J
Brown, SW
Cooray, A
Hristov, V
Keating, B
Kim, MG
Lanz, A
Lee, DH
Levenson, LR
Lykke, KR
Mason, P
Matsumoto, T
Matsuura, S
Nam, UW
Shultz, B
Smith, AW
Sullivan, I
Tsumura, K
Wada, T
Zemcov, M
AF Korngut, P. M.
Renbarger, T.
Arai, T.
Battle, J.
Bock, J.
Brown, S. W.
Cooray, A.
Hristov, V.
Keating, B.
Kim, M. G.
Lanz, A.
Lee, D. H.
Levenson, L. R.
Lykke, K. R.
Mason, P.
Matsumoto, T.
Matsuura, S.
Nam, U. W.
Shultz, B.
Smith, A. W.
Sullivan, I.
Tsumura, K.
Wada, T.
Zemcov, M.
TI THE COSMIC INFRARED BACKGROUND EXPERIMENT (CIBER): THE NARROW-BAND
SPECTROMETER
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE infrared: diffuse background; instrumentation: spectrographs; methods:
laboratory; space vehicles: instruments; techniques: spectroscopic;
zodiacal dust
ID DIRBE MINUS 2MASS; 3.5 MU-M; ZODIACAL LIGHT; INTERPLANETARY DUST;
EXPERIMENT SEARCH; DETECTIONS; SPECTRUM; DENSITY; SPACE
AB We have developed a near-infrared spectrometer designed to measure the absolute intensity of the solar 854.2 nm Ca II Fraunhofer line, scattered by interplanetary dust, in the zodiacal light (ZL) spectrum. Based on the known equivalent line width in the solar spectrum, this measurement can derive the zodiacal brightness, testing models of the ZL based on morphology that are used to determine the extragalactic background light in absolute photometry measurements. The spectrometer is based on a simple high-resolution tipped filter placed in front of a compact camera with wide-field refractive optics to provide the large optical throughput and high sensitivity required for rocket-borne observations. We discuss the instrument requirements for an accurate measurement of the absolute ZL brightness, the measured laboratory characterization, and the instrument performance in flight.
C1 [Korngut, P. M.; Bock, J.; Zemcov, M.] NASA, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Korngut, P. M.; Battle, J.; Bock, J.; Hristov, V.; Lanz, A.; Levenson, L. R.; Mason, P.; Zemcov, M.] CALTECH, Dept Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Renbarger, T.; Keating, B.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Arai, T.; Matsumoto, T.; Matsuura, S.; Tsumura, K.; Wada, T.] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy JAXA, Dept Space Astron & Astrophys, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan.
[Arai, T.] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1130033, Japan.
[Brown, S. W.; Lykke, K. R.; Smith, A. W.] NIST, Sensor Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Cooray, A.] Univ Calif Irvine, Ctr Cosmol, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
[Kim, M. G.; Matsumoto, T.] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Seoul 151742, South Korea.
[Lee, D. H.; Nam, U. W.] Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst KASI, Taejon 305348, South Korea.
[Matsumoto, T.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
[Shultz, B.] Materion Barr Precis Opt & Thin Film Coatings, Westford, MA 01886 USA.
[Sullivan, I.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Korngut, PM (reprint author), NASA, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM pkorngut@caltech.edu
RI Matsuura, Shuji/B-5658-2016
OI Matsuura, Shuji/0000-0002-5698-9634
FU NASA APRA [NNX07AI54G, NNG05WC18G, NNX07AG43G, NNX07AJ24G, NNX10AE12G];
Jet Propulsion Laboratory's Director's Research and Development Fund;
NSF CAREER award; UCSD Hellman Faculty Fellowship; JSPS Research
Fellowship for Young Scientists; NASA Postdoctoral Fellowships
FX This work was supported by NASA APRA research Grants NNX07AI54G,
NNG05WC18G, NNX07AG43G, NNX07AJ24G, and NNX10AE12G. Initial support was
provided by an award to J.B. from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory's
Director's Research and Development Fund. Japanese participation in
CIBER was supported by KAKENHI (20.34, 18204018, 19540250, 21340047, and
21111004) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) and
the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology
(MEXT). Korean participation in CIBER was supported by the Pioneer
Project from the Korea Astronomy and Space science Institute (KASI).; We
acknowledge the dedicated efforts of the sounding rocket staff at the
NASA Wallops Flight Facility and the White Sands Missile Range. We also
acknowledge the work of the Genesia Corporation for technical support of
the CIBER optics. A. C. acknowledges support from an NSF CAREER award,
B. K. acknowledges support from a UCSD Hellman Faculty Fellowship, K. T.
acknowledges support from the JSPS Research Fellowship for Young
Scientists, and M.Z. and P. M. K acknowledge support from NASA
Postdoctoral Fellowships.
NR 37
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 5
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0067-0049
J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S
JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 207
IS 2
AR UNSP 34
DI 10.1088/0067-0049/207/2/34
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 195NO
UT WOS:000322710000016
ER
PT J
AU Tsumura, K
Arai, T
Battle, J
Bock, J
Brown, S
Cooray, A
Hristov, V
Keating, B
Kim, MG
Lee, DH
Levenson, LR
Lykke, K
Mason, P
Matsumoto, T
Matsuura, S
Murata, K
Nam, UW
Renbarger, T
Smith, A
Sullivan, I
Suzuki, K
Wada, T
Zemcov, M
AF Tsumura, K.
Arai, T.
Battle, J.
Bock, J.
Brown, S.
Cooray, A.
Hristov, V.
Keating, B.
Kim, M. G.
Lee, D. H.
Levenson, L. R.
Lykke, K.
Mason, P.
Matsumoto, T.
Matsuura, S.
Murata, K.
Nam, U. W.
Renbarger, T.
Smith, A.
Sullivan, I.
Suzuki, K.
Wada, T.
Zemcov, M.
TI THE COSMIC INFRARED BACKGROUND EXPERIMENT (CIBER): THE LOW RESOLUTION
SPECTROMETER
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE cosmic background radiation; infrared: diffuse background;
instrumentation: spectrographs; methods: laboratory; space vehicles:
instruments; techniques: spectroscopic
ID DEEP GALAXY COUNTS; DIRBE MINUS 2MASS; PRIMORDIAL STARS; 1ST DETECTIONS;
GAMMA-RAYS; LIGHT; BLAZARS; TELESCOPE; SPECTRUM; IMPRINT
AB Absolute spectrophotometric measurements of diffuse radiation at 1 mu m to 2 mu m are crucial to our understanding of the radiative content of the universe from nucleosynthesis since the epoch of reionization, the composition and structure of the zodiacal dust cloud in our solar system, and the diffuse galactic light arising from starlight scattered by interstellar dust. The Low Resolution Spectrometer (LRS) on the rocket-borne Cosmic Infrared Background Experiment is a lambda/Delta lambda similar to 15-30 absolute spectrophotometer designed to make precision measurements of the absolute near-infrared sky brightness between 0.75 mu m < lambda < 2.1 mu m. This paper presents the optical, mechanical, and electronic design of the LRS, as well as the ground testing, characterization, and calibration measurements undertaken before flight to verify its performance. The LRS is shown to work to specifications, achieving the necessary optical and sensitivity performance. We describe our understanding and control of sources of systematic error for absolute photometry of the near-infrared extragalactic background light.
C1 [Tsumura, K.; Arai, T.; Matsumoto, T.; Matsuura, S.; Murata, K.; Wada, T.] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy JAXA, Dept Space Astron & Astrophys, Inst Space & Astronout Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan.
[Arai, T.] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1130033, Japan.
[Battle, J.; Bock, J.; Zemcov, M.] NASA, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Bock, J.; Hristov, V.; Levenson, L. R.; Mason, P.; Zemcov, M.] CALTECH, Dept Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Brown, S.; Lykke, K.; Smith, A.] NIST, Opt Technol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Cooray, A.] Univ Calif Irvine, Ctr Cosmol, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
[Keating, B.; Renbarger, T.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Kim, M. G.; Matsumoto, T.] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Seoul 151742, South Korea.
[Lee, D. H.; Nam, U. W.] Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst KASI, Taejon 305348, South Korea.
[Murata, K.] Grad Univ Adv Studies, Sch Phys Sci, Dept Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan.
[Sullivan, I.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Suzuki, K.] Nagoya Univ, Ctr Tech, Instrument Dev Grp, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan.
RP Tsumura, K (reprint author), Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy JAXA, Dept Space Astron & Astrophys, Inst Space & Astronout Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan.
EM tsumura@ir.isas.jaxa.jp
RI Matsuura, Shuji/B-5658-2016
OI Matsuura, Shuji/0000-0002-5698-9634
FU NASA APRA [NNX07AI54G, NNG05WC18G, NNX07AG43G, NNX07AJ24G]; Jet
Propulsion Laboratory's Director's Research and Development Fund; JSPS
Research Fellowship for the Young Scientists; NASA Postdoctoral
Fellowship; NSF CAREER award
FX This work was supported by NASA APRA research grants NNX07AI54G,
NNG05WC18G, NNX07AG43G, and NNX07AJ24G. Initial support was provided by
an award to J.B. from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory's Director's
Research and Development Fund. Japanese participation in CIBER was
supported by KAKENHI (20.34, 18204018, 19540250, 21340047, 21111004, and
24111717) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) and
the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology
(MEXT). Korean participation in CIBER was supported by the Pioneer
Project from the Korea Astronomy and Space science Institute (KASI).; We
would like to acknowledge the dedicated efforts of the sounding rocket
staff at the NASA Wallops Flight Facility and the White Sands Missile
Range. We also acknowledge the work of the Genesia Corporation for
technical support of the CIBER optics. K. T. acknowledges support from
the JSPS Research Fellowship for the Young Scientists, M.Z. acknowledges
support from a NASA Postdoctoral Fellowship, and A. C. acknowledges
support from an NSF CAREER award. We thank the referee for useful
suggestions which have improved this manuscript.
NR 44
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 6
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0067-0049
J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S
JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 207
IS 2
AR UNSP 33
DI 10.1088/0067-0049/207/2/33
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 195NO
UT WOS:000322710000015
ER
PT J
AU Fu, XH
Lee, JY
Hsu, PC
Taniguchi, H
Wang, B
Wang, WQ
Weaver, S
AF Fu, Xiouhua
Lee, June-Yi
Hsu, Pang-Chi
Taniguchi, Hiroshi
Wang, Bin
Wang, Wanqiu
Weaver, Scott
TI Multi-model MJO forecasting during DYNAMO/CINDY period
SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE MJO forecasting skill; GFS, CFSv2, and UH global models; DYNAMO/CINDY
field campaign; Air-sea coupling; Atmosphere-only forecast; MJO-TC
interactions; Extended-range TC forecasting
ID MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; TROPICAL
INTRASEASONAL OSCILLATION; ASIAN SUMMER MONSOON; WESTERN PACIFIC;
CLIMATE MODELS; COUPLED MODEL; INDIAN OCEANS; VARIABILITY; SIMULATION
AB The present study assesses the forecast skill of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) observed during the period of DYNAMO (Dynamics of the MJO)/CINDY (Cooperative Indian Ocean Experiment on Intraseasonal Variability in Year 2011) field campaign in the GFS (NCEP Global Forecast System), CFSv2 (NCEP Climate Forecast System version 2) and UH (University of Hawaii) models, and revealed their strength and weakness in forecasting initiation and propagation of the MJO. Overall, the models forecast better the successive MJO which follows the preceding event than that with no preceding event (primary MJO). The common modeling problems include too slow eastward propagation, the Maritime Continent barrier and weak intensity. The forecasting skills of MJO major modes reach 13, 25 and 28 days, respectively, in the GFS atmosphere-only model, the CFSv2 and UH coupled models. An equal-weighted multi-model ensemble with the CFSv2 and UH models reaches 36 days. Air-sea coupling plays an important role for initiation and propagation of the MJO and largely accounts for the skill difference between the GFS and CFSv2. A series of forecasting experiments by forcing UH model with persistent, forecasted and observed daily SST further demonstrate that: (1) air-sea coupling extends MJO skill by about 1 week; (2) atmosphere-only forecasts driven by forecasted daily SST have a similar skill as the coupled forecasts, which suggests that if the high-resolution GFS is forced with CFSv2 forecasted daily SST, its forecast skill can be much higher than its current level as forced with persistent SST; (3) atmosphere-only forecasts driven by observed daily SST reaches beyond 40 days. It is also found that the MJO-TC (Tropical Cyclone) interactions have been much better represented in the UH and CFSv2 models than that in the GFS model. Both the CFSv2 and UH coupled models reasonably well capture the development of westerly wind bursts associated with November 2011 MJO and the cyclogenesis of TC05A in the Indian Ocean with a lead time of 2 weeks. However, the high-resolution GFS atmosphere-only model fails to reproduce the November MJO and the genesis of TC05A at 2 weeks' lead. This result highlights the necessity to get MJO right in order to ensure skillful extended-range TC forecasting.
C1 [Fu, Xiouhua; Lee, June-Yi; Hsu, Pang-Chi; Taniguchi, Hiroshi; Wang, Bin] Univ Hawaii Manoa, IPRC, SOEST, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Wang, Wanqiu; Weaver, Scott] NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, NWS, NCEP, College Pk, MD USA.
RP Fu, XH (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, IPRC, SOEST, 1680 East West Rd,POST Bldg 409D, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
EM xfu@hawaii.edu
FU NOAA [NA11OAR4310096, NA10OAR4310247]; NSF [AGS-1005599]; Japan Agency
for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC); NASA; NOAA through
IPRC; APEC Climate Center; CMA project [GYHY201206016]
FX This work was sponsored by NOAA (NA11OAR4310096 & NA10OAR4310247), NSF
(AGS-1005599) and by the Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and
Technology (JAMSTEC), NASA, and NOAA through their supports of the IPRC.
Additional supports are from APEC Climate Center and CMA project
(GYHY201206016). We thank Dr. Matt Wheeler for sharing his codes to
filter out MJO and equatorial waves in Fig. 1. This paper is SOEST
contribution number 8961 and IPRC contribution number 992.
NR 72
TC 30
Z9 34
U1 1
U2 18
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0930-7575
J9 CLIM DYNAM
JI Clim. Dyn.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 41
IS 3-4
BP 1067
EP 1081
DI 10.1007/s00382-013-1859-9
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 194GQ
UT WOS:000322619500032
ER
PT J
AU Riddle, EE
Butler, AH
Furtado, JC
Cohen, JL
Kumar, A
AF Riddle, Emily E.
Butler, Amy H.
Furtado, Jason C.
Cohen, Judah L.
Kumar, Arun
TI CFSv2 ensemble prediction of the wintertime Arctic Oscillation
SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Arctic Oscillation; Stratosphere-troposphere coupling; Seasonal
forecasting; Eurasian snow cover; Climate prediction; Modes of climate
variability
ID NORTH-ATLANTIC OSCILLATION; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; SEASONAL PREDICTION;
HEMISPHERE WINTER; SNOW COVER; CLIMATE VARIABILITY; EL-NINO; SEA-ICE;
SKILL; STRATOSPHERE
AB Lagged ensembles from the operational Climate Forecast System version 2 (CFSv2) seasonal hindcast dataset are used to assess skill in forecasting interannual variability of the December-February Arctic Oscillation (AO). We find that a small but statistically significant portion of the interannual variance (> 20 %) of the wintertime AO can be predicted at leads up to 2 months using lagged ensemble averages. As far as we are aware, this is the first study to demonstrate that an operational model has discernible skill in predicting AO variability on seasonal timescales. We find that the CFS forecast skill is slightly higher when a weighted ensemble is used that rewards forecast runs with the most accurate representations of October Eurasian snow cover extent (SCE), hinting that a stratospheric pathway linking October Eurasian SCE with the AO may be responsible for the model skill. However, further analysis reveals that the CFS is unable to capture many important aspects of this stratospheric mechanism. Model deficiencies identified include: (1) the CFS significantly underestimates the observed variance in October Eurasian SCE, (2) the CFS fails to translate surface pressure anomalies associated with SCE anomalies into vertically propagating waves, and (3) stratospheric AO patterns in the CFS fail to propagate downward through the tropopause to the surface. Thus, alternate boundary forcings are likely contributing to model skill. Improving model deficiencies identified in this study may lead to even more skillful predictions of wintertime AO variability in future versions of the CFS.
C1 [Riddle, Emily E.; Butler, Amy H.; Kumar, Arun] NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, NCEP, NWS, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Riddle, Emily E.] Wyle Sci Technol & Engn Grp, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
[Furtado, Jason C.; Cohen, Judah L.] Atmospher & Environm Res, Lexington, MA 02421 USA.
RP Riddle, EE (reprint author), NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, NCEP, NWS, 5830 Univ Res Court, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM Emily.Riddle@noaa.gov
RI Butler, Amy/K-6190-2012; Furtado, Jason/A-3459-2015
OI Butler, Amy/0000-0002-3632-0925; Furtado, Jason/0000-0001-6580-2109
FU NOAA [NA10OAR4310163]
FX Work for this project was supported by NOAA Grant #NA10OAR4310163. The
observational snow cover dataset was provided by Rutgers University
Global Snow Lab. We greatly appreciate helpful editorial comments
provided by Dan Collins, Craig Long and two anonymous reviewers.
NR 62
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 2
U2 33
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0930-7575
J9 CLIM DYNAM
JI Clim. Dyn.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 41
IS 3-4
BP 1099
EP 1116
DI 10.1007/s00382-013-1850-5
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 194GQ
UT WOS:000322619500034
ER
PT J
AU Hale, MC
Thrower, FP
Berntson, EA
Miller, MR
Nichols, KM
AF Hale, Matthew C.
Thrower, Frank P.
Berntson, Ewann A.
Miller, Michael R.
Nichols, Krista M.
TI Evaluating Adaptive Divergence Between Migratory and Nonmigratory
Ecotypes of a Salmonid Fish, Oncorhynchus mykiss
SO G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE smoltification; life history variation; genomics; SNP; salmonids
ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; RAINBOW-TROUT GENOME;
GENETIC-BASIS; SNP DISCOVERY; POPULATION GENOMICS; NATURAL-SELECTION;
ANIMAL MIGRATION; ATLANTIC SALMON; STEELHEAD TROUT
AB Next-generation sequencing and the application of population genomic and association approaches have made it possible to detect selection and unravel the genetic basis to variable phenotypic traits. The use of these two approaches in parallel is especially attractive in nonmodel organisms that lack a sequenced and annotated genome, but only works well when population structure is not confounded with the phenotype of interest. Herein, we use population genomics in a nonmodel fish species, rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), to better understand adaptive divergence between migratory and nonmigratory ecotypes and to further our understanding about the genetic basis of migration. Restriction site-associated DNA (RAD) tag sequencing was used to identify single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in migrant and resident O. mykiss from two systems, one in Alaska and the other in Oregon. A total of 7920 and 6755 SNPs met filtering criteria in the Alaska and Oregon data sets, respectively. Population genetic tests determined that 1423 SNPs were candidates for selection when loci were compared between resident and migrant samples. Previous linkage mapping studies that used RAD DNA tag SNPs were available to determine the position of 1990 markers. Several significant SNPs are located in genome regions that contain quantitative trait loci for migratory-related traits, reinforcing the importance of these regions in the genetic basis of migration/residency. Annotation of genome regions linked to significant SNPs revealed genes involved in processes known to be important in migration (such as osmoregulatory function). This study adds to our growing knowledge on adaptive divergence between migratory and nonmigratory ecotypes of this species; across studies, this complex trait appears to be controlled by many loci of small effect, with some in common, but many loci not shared between populations studied.
C1 [Hale, Matthew C.; Nichols, Krista M.] Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, W Lafayette, IN USA.
[Thrower, Frank P.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Ted Stevens Marine Inst, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Berntson, Ewann A.; Nichols, Krista M.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Miller, Michael R.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Nichols, KM (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Conservat Biol Div, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM krista.nichols@noaa.gov
RI chen, zhu/K-5923-2013
FU NSF [NSF-DEB-0845265]
FX We thank Nick Marra, Ashley Chin-Baarstad, Garrett McKinney, Julie
Scardina, Vanessa Reynolds Hale, Mike Ford, Jeff Hard, and anonymous
reviewers and editors for comments and suggestions on the manuscript.
Phillip San Miguel, Paul Parker, and Ann Feil were instrumental in the
sequencing of the Illumina RAD tag libraries. Garrett McKinney provided
assistance with Perl scripts to help parse and analyze the data. Charlie
Waters, John Colletti, and Michael Zanis provided field assistance in
the collection of Alaskan samples. Heather Holzhauer helped in
extracting the DNA from the Alaskan samples. Mike Flesher and his crew
helped collect samples from the Little Sheep Creek population. Yniv
Palti and Guangtu Guo were helpful in discussions on the scripts used to
construct the SNP databases. Funding was provided by an NSF Career award
to K.M.N. (NSF-DEB-0845265).
NR 67
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 2
U2 134
PU GENETICS SOC AM
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 2160-1836
J9 G3-GENES GENOM GENET
JI G3-Genes Genomes Genet.
PD AUG 1
PY 2013
VL 3
IS 8
BP 1273
EP 1285
DI 10.1534/g3.113.006817
PG 13
WC Genetics & Heredity
SC Genetics & Heredity
GA 197BJ
UT WOS:000322822300010
PM 23797103
ER
PT J
AU Wilks, DS
Livezey, RE
AF Wilks, Daniel S.
Livezey, Robert E.
TI Performance of Alternative "Normals" for Tracking Climate Changes, Using
Homogenized and Nonhomogenized Seasonal U.S. Surface Temperatures
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Climate change; Changepoint analysis; Regression analysis; Time series;
Hindcasts; Seasonal forecasting
ID SERIES
AB Eleven alternatives to the annually updated 30-yr average for specifying climate normals are considered for the purpose of projecting nonstationarity in the mean U.S. temperature climate during 2006-12. Comparisons are made for homogenized U.S. Historical Climatology Network station data, corresponding nonhomogenized station data, and spatially aggregated (megadivision) data. The use of homogenized station data shows clear improvement over nonhomogenized station data and spatially aggregated data in terms of mean-squared specification errors on independent data. The best single method overall was the most recent 15-yr average as implemented by the Climate Prediction Center (CPC15), consistent with previous work using nonhomogenized and spatially aggregated data, although hinge functions with the change point fixed at 1975 performed well for the spring and summer seasons. A hybrid normals-specification method, using one of these piecewise continuous functions when the regressions are sufficiently strong and the CPC15 otherwise, exhibits a favorable trade-off between squared error and bias that may make it an optimal choice for some users.
C1 [Wilks, Daniel S.] Cornell Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Livezey, Robert E.] NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Washington, DC 20230 USA.
RP Wilks, DS (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM dsw5@cornell.edu
FU National Science Foundation [AGS-1112200]
FX We thank the anonymous reviewers for constructive comments that lead to
improvements in this paper. This research was supported by the National
Science Foundation under Grant AGS-1112200.
NR 17
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1558-8424
J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM
JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 52
IS 8
BP 1677
EP 1687
DI 10.1175/JAMC-D-13-026.1
PG 11
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 200BP
UT WOS:000323041800001
ER
PT J
AU Collis, S
Protat, A
May, PT
Williams, C
AF Collis, Scott
Protat, Alain
May, Peter T.
Williams, Christopher
TI Statistics of Storm Updraft Velocities from TWP-ICE Including
Verification with Profiling Measurements
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Tropics; Dynamics; Vertical motion; Monsoons; Profilers; atmospheric;
Radars; Radar observations
ID VERTICAL VELOCITY; MICROPHYSICAL EVOLUTION; FLORIDA CUMULONIMBUS; RADAR
NETWORK; WIND PROFILER; DOPPLER; MOTION; PRECIPITATION; BAND
AB Comparisons between direct measurements and modeled values of vertical air motions in precipitating systems are complicated by differences in temporal and spatial scales. On one hand, vertically profiling radars more directly measure the vertical air motion but do not adequately capture full storm dynamics. On the other hand, vertical air motions retrieved from two or more scanning Doppler radars capture the full storm dynamics but require model constraints that may not capture all updraft features because of inadequate sampling, resolution, numerical constraints, and the fact that the storm is evolving as it is scanned by the radars. To investigate the veracity of radar-based retrievals, which can be used to verify numerically modeled vertical air motions, this article presents several case studies from storm events around Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia, in which measurements from a dual-frequency radar profiler system and volumetric radar-based wind retrievals are compared. While a direct comparison was not possible because of instrumentation location, an indirect comparison shows promising results, with volume retrievals comparing well to those obtained from the profiling system. This prompted a statistical analysis of an extended period of an active monsoon period during the Tropical Warm Pool International Cloud Experiment (TWP-ICE). Results show less vigorous deep convective cores with maximum updraft velocities occurring at lower heights than some cloud-resolving modeling studies suggest.
C1 [Collis, Scott] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Protat, Alain; May, Peter T.] Australian Bur Meteorol, Ctr Australian Weather & Climate Res, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.
[Williams, Christopher] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Williams, Christopher] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Collis, S (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Bldg 240,9700 South Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM scollis@anl.gov
RI Williams, Christopher/A-2723-2015
OI Williams, Christopher/0000-0001-9394-8850
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and
Environmental Research [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Office of Biological and
Environmental Research (OBER) of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) as
part of the ARM Program; DOE Atmospheric Sciences Research (ASR) program
[DE-SC0007080]
FX Argonne National Laboratory's work was supported by the U.S. Department
of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental
Research, under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. This work has been supported
by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research (OBER) of the
U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) as part of the ARM Program. Author CRW
was supported by DOE Atmospheric Sciences Research (ASR) program Grant
DE-SC0007080. We thank all involved in the TWP-ICE field program for
their work in collecting a world-class dataset. Special thanks are given
to Brad Atkinson and Dennis Klau for the continual upkeep of the CPOL
radar. Thanks are also given to Kao-Shen Chung and Isztar Zawadzki for
providing the original McGill multi-Doppler code. The bulk of the code
has been written using the open-source NumPy and SciPy projects, and the
authors are grateful to the authors of these projects. This manuscript
has benefited greatly from reviews from Susan Rennie and Edwin Campos
and the two anonymous reviewers.
NR 31
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 17
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1558-8424
J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM
JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 52
IS 8
BP 1909
EP 1922
DI 10.1175/JAMC-D-12-0230.1
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 200BP
UT WOS:000323041800016
ER
PT J
AU Mazur, V
Ruhnke, LH
Warner, TA
Orville, RE
AF Mazur, Vladislav
Ruhnke, Lothar H.
Warner, Tom A.
Orville, Richard E.
TI Recoil leader formation and development
SO JOURNAL OF ELECTROSTATICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Lightning; Positive leader; Recoil leader
ID THUNDERSTORMS; AIRCRAFT; MODEL
AB The existing interpretation in the lightning literature, based on field measurements, defines recoil leaders as negative leaders. However recoil leaders are floating conductors, and, based on this physical assumption, they should be defined as bipolar and bidirectional leaders. This physics-based assumption has never previously been verified experimentally. Such verification, reported in this paper, has been obtained from observations of branched upward positive leaders from a tall tower using a high-speed video system synchronized with electric and magnetic field change and luminosity measurements on the ground. The analysis of these observations clearly reveals the nature of recoil and dart leaders as bidirectional and bipolar electrodeless discharges that develop from a small region along a path of the decayed channels of a previous positive leader, or a positively charged return stroke of negative CG flashes. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Mazur, Vladislav] NOAA, OAR, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Ruhnke, Lothar H.] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73972 USA.
[Warner, Tom A.] Inst Atmospher Sci, Rapid City, SD 57702 USA.
[Orville, Richard E.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, College Stn, TX USA.
RP Mazur, V (reprint author), NOAA, OAR, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM vlad.mazur@noaa.gov
RI Orville, Richard/G-9866-2012;
OI Orville, Richard/0000-0003-0280-7169; Warner, Tom/0000-0001-8589-3351
FU FAA Grant; National Science Foundation [ATM-0813672]
FX The authors acknowledge partial support of this work from an FAA Grant
to the National Severe Storms Laboratory and by the Grant ATM-0813672
from the National Science Foundation. The authors are grateful to Marijo
Hennagin-Mazur for her help with the editing of this paper.
NR 11
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3886
J9 J ELECTROSTAT
JI J. Electrost.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 71
IS 4
BP 763
EP 768
DI 10.1016/j.elstat.2013.05.001
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 199UB
UT WOS:000323019900022
ER
PT J
AU Edson, JB
Jampana, V
Weller, RA
Bigorre, SP
Plueddemann, AJ
Fairall, CW
Miller, SD
Mahrt, L
Vickers, D
Hersbach, H
AF Edson, James B.
Jampana, Venkata
Weller, Robert A.
Bigorre, Sebastien P.
Plueddemann, Albert J.
Fairall, Christopher W.
Miller, Scott D.
Mahrt, Larry
Vickers, Dean
Hersbach, Hans
TI On the Exchange of Momentum over the Open Ocean
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Wind shear; Wind stress; Atmosphere-ocean interaction; Fluxes; Momentum;
Algorithms
ID SEA-SURFACE ROUGHNESS; ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY-LAYER; FLUX-PROFILE
RELATIONSHIPS; WIND STRESS; DRAG COEFFICIENT; AIR-FLOW; BULK
PARAMETERIZATION; WAVE AGE; RESPONSE EXPERIMENT; COASTAL ZONE
AB This study investigates the exchange of momentum between the atmosphere and ocean using data collected from four oceanic field experiments. Direct covariance estimates of momentum fluxes were collected in all four experiments and wind profiles were collected during three of them. The objective of the investigation is to improve parameterizations of the surface roughness and drag coefficient used to estimate the surface stress from bulk formulas. Specifically, the Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment (COARE) 3.0 bulk flux algorithm is refined to create COARE 3.5. Oversea measurements of dimensionless shear are used to investigate the stability function under stable and convective conditions. The behavior of surface roughness is then investigated over a wider range of wind speeds (up to 25 m s(-1)) and wave conditions than have been available from previous oversea field studies. The wind speed dependence of the Charnock coefficient in the COARE algorithm is modified to , where m = 0.017 m(-1) s and b = -0.005. When combined with a parameterization for smooth flow, this formulation gives better agreement with the stress estimates from all of the field programs at all winds speeds with significant improvement for wind speeds over 13 m s(-1). Wave age- and wave slope-dependent parameterizations of the surface roughness are also investigated, but the COARE 3.5 wind speed-dependent formulation matches the observations well without any wave information. The available data provide a simple reason for why wind speed-, wave age-, and wave slope-dependent formulations give similar resultsthe inverse wave age varies nearly linearly with wind speed in long-fetch conditions for wind speeds up to 25 m s(-1).
C1 [Edson, James B.; Jampana, Venkata] Univ Connecticut, Dept Marine Sci, Groton, CT 06340 USA.
[Weller, Robert A.; Bigorre, Sebastien P.; Plueddemann, Albert J.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Fairall, Christopher W.] NOAA, Environm Syst Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Miller, Scott D.] SUNY Albany, Atmospher Sci Res Ctr, Albany, NY 12222 USA.
[Mahrt, Larry; Vickers, Dean] Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Hersbach, Hans] European Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Reading RG2 9AX, Berks, England.
RP Edson, JB (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, 1080 Shennecossett Rd, Groton, CT 06340 USA.
EM james.edson@uconn.edu
FU National Science Foundation as part of the CLIVAR Mode Water Dynamics
Experiment (CLIMODE) [OCE04-24536]; Office of Naval Research as part of
the CBLAST-LOW program [N00014-05-1-0139]
FX This work was funded by the National Science Foundation Grant
OCE04-24536 as part of the CLIVAR Mode Water Dynamics Experiment
(CLIMODE) and the Office of Naval Research Grant N00014-05-1-0139 as
part of the CBLAST-LOW program. We thank Jon Ware and Steve Faluotico
(WHOI-AOP&E) and the personnel of the Upper Ocean Processes group
(WHOI-PO), who designed, calibrated, maintained, and deployed the
components of the ASIT, ASIS, and surface mooring. This paper is
dedicated to the memory of Prof. Carl Friehe at the University of
California, Irvine, who conceived and led many of these investigations.
His scientific insight, curiosity, and humor remain an inspiration for
all of us.
NR 73
TC 53
Z9 55
U1 2
U2 47
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-3670
J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR
JI J. Phys. Oceanogr.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 43
IS 8
BP 1589
EP 1610
DI 10.1175/JPO-D-12-0173.1
PG 22
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 201JB
UT WOS:000323135400005
ER
PT J
AU Wang, GQ
Soler, T
AF Wang, Guoquan
Soler, Tomas
TI Using OPUS for Measuring Vertical Displacements in Houston, Texas
SO JOURNAL OF SURVEYING ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Global positioning systems; Texas; Land subsidence; Displacement;
Accuracy; CORS; GPS; Houston; OPUS; Subsidence
ID CURRENT PLATE MOTIONS; GPS; ACCURACY; SERVICES; MODEL
AB The Houston area has been suffering from subsidence for several decades. Therefore, continuously operating reference stations (CORS) in this area may have experienced considerable vertical displacements. The Online Positioning User Service (OPUS), provided by the National Geodetic Survey (NGS), uses CORS as references in its data processing. This study investigated what effects, if any, the subsidence experienced by these CORS around Houston contributes to the accuracy of OPUS vertical results. Our OPUS results were determined from three long-term (over 10-year) blocks of continuous data using Global Positioning System (GPS) stations located in different parts of the Houston area. The OPUS results were compared with the vertical measurements from the precise point positioning with single receiver phase ambiguity (PPP-SRPA) solution implicit in the GIPSY/OASIS 6.1.2 software. This particular study indicates that OPUS achieves 1.0-cm vertical accuracy for daily sessions (24 h) in the region around Houston, which is comparable to the OPUS accuracy previously reported in other investigations. Subsidence as slow as can be detected by analyzing OPUS results spanning 5 or more years of data. Our main conclusion is that the subsidence experienced by NGS CORS in the Houston area does not considerably affect the accuracy of OPUS vertical results. For those users who require a few centimeters of vertical accuracy for daily sessions, OPUS is a good choice, because users do not need to establish any control stations and do not need to install any GPS software packages on their local computers.
C1 [Wang, Guoquan] Univ Houston, Natl Ctr Airborne Laser Mapping, Dept Geosci & Atmospher Sci, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
[Soler, Tomas] NOAA, Spatial Reference Syst Div, Natl Geodet Survey, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Wang, GQ (reprint author), Univ Houston, Natl Ctr Airborne Laser Mapping, Dept Geosci & Atmospher Sci, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
EM gwang@uh.edu; tom.soler@noaa.gov
RI Soler, Tomas/F-6386-2010
FU NSF CAREER award [EAR-0842314]
FX The authors thank the NGS CORS and OPUS teams for allowing us to process
a large number of files. We thank the Harris-Galveston Subsidence
District for making their long-term GPS data available to the public and
USGS for making Houston extensometer data available to the public. The
first author appreciates many thoughtful comments from Mr. Cliff
Middleton, one of the NGS State Geodetic Advisors in Texas. This study
was supported by a NSF CAREER award (EAR-0842314).
NR 31
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 5
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0733-9453
J9 J SURV ENG
JI J. Surv. Eng.-ASCE
PD AUG 1
PY 2013
VL 139
IS 3
BP 126
EP 134
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)SU.1943-5428.0000103
PG 9
WC Engineering, Civil
SC Engineering
GA 195RF
UT WOS:000322720600003
ER
PT J
AU Heyliger, PR
Johnson, W
AF Heyliger, Paul R.
Johnson, Ward
TI Continuum-based free vibration of circular trigonal and isotropic plates
SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID ARBITRARY THICKNESS; FREQUENCIES; CYLINDERS
AB The free vibration behavior of completely unrestrained elastic circular plates with trigonal and isotropic material symmetry is studied with an approach involving approximate continuum solutions to the three-dimensional theory of linear elasticity. Of primary interest are (1) the influence of trigonal material symmetry on the modes of free vibration and (2) the accuracy of thin plate theory relative to the more exact three-dimensional theory. Resonant frequencies are calculated from the weak form of the equations of motion for the plate through the use of approximation functions and the Ritz method formulated in cylindrical coordinates. This approach enables the resulting eigenvalue problem to be split through group-theoretical symmetry analysis. Representative examples are given and quantitative limits are discussed.
C1 [Heyliger, Paul R.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Johnson, Ward] NIST, Appl Chem & Mat Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Heyliger, PR (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0001-4966
EI 1520-8524
J9 J ACOUST SOC AM
JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 134
IS 2
BP 1039
EP 1048
DI 10.1121/1.4812261
PN 1
PG 10
WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
GA 195YE
UT WOS:000322738900039
PM 23927103
ER
PT J
AU McElhany, P
Busch, DS
AF McElhany, Paul
Busch, D. Shallin
TI Appropriate pCO(2) treatments in ocean acidification experiments
SO MARINE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID CONSEQUENCES; COASTAL; SHELF
AB Experiments in which organisms are reared in treatments simulating current and future pCO(2) concentrations are critical for ocean acidification (OA) research. The majority of OA exposure experiments use average atmospheric pCO(2) levels as a baseline treatment. We conducted an ecoregion-scale analysis of global carbon chemistry datasets. For many locales, atmospheric pCO(2) levels are not an appropriate characterization of marine carbon chemistry. We argue that atmospheric pCO(2) should be disregarded when setting baseline treatment conditions and experimental design should rely on measurements of carbon chemistry in a study subject's habitat. As carbon chemistry conditions vary with space and time, we suggest using a range of pCO(2) values as a control rather than a single value. We illustrate this issue with data on the habitat of Euphausia pacifica, which currently lives in waters with a pCO(2) around 900 mu atm, a concentration much higher than the current global atmospheric mean.
C1 [McElhany, Paul; Busch, D. Shallin] NOAA, Conservat Biol Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP McElhany, P (reprint author), NOAA, Conservat Biol Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM paul.mcelhany@noaa.gov
NR 26
TC 31
Z9 32
U1 2
U2 53
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0025-3162
J9 MAR BIOL
JI Mar. Biol.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 160
IS 8
SI SI
BP 1807
EP 1812
DI 10.1007/s00227-012-2052-0
PG 6
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 200KB
UT WOS:000323066600004
ER
PT J
AU Manuel, SA
Coates, KA
Kenworthy, WJ
Fourqurean, JW
AF Manuel, Sarah A.
Coates, Kathryn A.
Kenworthy, W. Judson
Fourqurean, James W.
TI Tropical species at the northern limit of their range: Composition and
distribution in Bermuda's benthic habitats in relation to depth and
light availability
SO MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Seagrass; Macroalgae; Benthic habitats; Light; Distribution; Climate
change; Coral reefs
ID SEAGRASS THALASSIA-TESTUDINUM; HALODULE-WRIGHTII; WATER-QUALITY;
HALOPHILA-DECIPIENS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; CORAL-REEFS; SYRINGODIUM-FILIFORME;
FLORIDA; PRODUCTIVITY; NUTRIENT
AB Surveys were undertaken on the shallow Bermuda marine platform between 2006 and 2008 to provide a baseline of the distribution, condition and environmental characteristics of benthic communities. Bermuda is located in temperate latitudes but coral reefs, tropical seagrasses and calcareous green algae are common in the shallow waters of the platform. The dominant organisms of these communities are all living at or near their northern latitudinal range limits in the Atlantic Ocean. Among the major benthic autotrophs surveyed, seagrasses were most restricted by light availability We found that the relatively slow-growing and long-lived seagrass Thalassia testudinum is restricted to habitats with much higher light availability than in the tropical locations where this species is commonly found. In contrast, the faster growing tropical seagrasses in Bermuda, Syringodium filiforme, Halodule sp. and Halophila decipiens, had similar ecological compensation depths (ECD) as in tropical locations. Increasing sea surface temperatures, concomitant with global climate change, may either drive or allow the poleward extensions of the ranges of such tropical species. However, due to latitudinal light limitations at least one abundant and common tropical autotroph, T testudinum, is able to occupy only shallower depths at the more temperate latitudes of Bermuda. We hypothesize that the poleward shift of seagrass species ranges would be accompanied by restrictions to even shallower depths of T. testudinum and by very different seagrass community structures than in tropical locations. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Manuel, Sarah A.; Coates, Kathryn A.] Dept Conservat Serv, Smiths Parish, Fl Bx, Bermuda.
[Kenworthy, W. Judson] NOAA, Ctr Coastal Fisheries & Habitat Res, NCCOS, NOS, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
[Fourqurean, James W.] Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Marine Sci Program, North Miami, FL 33199 USA.
[Fourqurean, James W.] Florida Int Univ, Southeast Environm Res Ctr, North Miami, FL 33199 USA.
RP Fourqurean, JW (reprint author), Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Marine Sci Program, North Miami, FL 33199 USA.
EM smanuel@gov.bm; kacoates@gov.bm; jud.kenworthy@gmail.com;
jim.fourqurean@fiu.edu
RI Fourqurean, James/B-4606-2008
OI Fourqurean, James/0000-0002-0811-8500
FU Department of Conservation Services of the Government of Bermuda; Center
for Coastal Fisheries and Habitat Research; NCCOS; NOS; NOAA
FX The authors thank the Department of Conservation Services of the
Government of Bermuda for logistic and financial support; Bermuda
Zoological Society for information from digitized aerial photographs; Ms
Mandy Shailer for assistance with mapping; and Mr Anson Nash for many
hours of field support. Support for WJK was provided by the Center for
Coastal Fisheries and Habitat Research, NCCOS, NOS, NOAA; financial
support for KAC was provided by Mr Bruce Dilke. This is contribution
number 619 of the Southeast Environmental Research Center at Florida
International University and contribution number 210 of the BBP series
at the Department of Conservation Services library.
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U1 5
U2 50
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0141-1136
J9 MAR ENVIRON RES
JI Mar. Environ. Res.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 89
BP 63
EP 75
DI 10.1016/j.marenvres.2013.05.003
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Toxicology
GA 199UP
UT WOS:000323021300008
PM 23731757
ER
PT J
AU Brunner, CC
Stern, SH
Minniti, R
Parry, MI
Skopec, M
Chakrabarti, K
AF Brunner, Claudia C.
Stern, Stanley H.
Minniti, Ronaldo
Parry, Marie I.
Skopec, Marlene
Chakrabarti, Kish
TI CT head-scan dosimetry in an anthropomorphic phantom and associated
measurement of ACR accreditation-phantom imaging metrics under
clinically representative scan conditions
SO MEDICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE CT; dose; image quality; OSLDs
ID COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; RADIATION-EXPOSURE; DOSE REDUCTION; ITERATIVE
RECONSTRUCTION; PERSPECTIVE; STRATEGIES; QUALITY; SYSTEM
AB Purpose: To measure radiation absorbed dose and its distribution in an anthropomorphic head phantom under clinically representative scan conditions in three widely used computed tomography (CT) scanners, and to relate those dose values to metrics such as high-contrast resolution, noise, and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) in the American College of Radiology CT accreditation phantom.
Methods: By inserting optically stimulated luminescence dosimeters (OSLDs) in the head of an anthropomorphic phantom specially developed for CT dosimetry (University of Florida, Gainesville), we measured dose with three commonly used scanners (GE Discovery CT750 HD, Siemens Definition, Philips Brilliance 64) at two different clinical sites (Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, National Institutes of Health). The scanners were set to operate with the same data-acquisition and image-reconstruction protocols as used clinically for typical head scans, respective of the practices of each facility for each scanner. We also analyzed images of the ACR CT accreditation phantom with the corresponding protocols. While the Siemens Definition and the Philips Brilliance protocols utilized only conventional, filtered back-projection (FBP) image-reconstruction methods, the GE Discovery also employed its particular version of an adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASIR) algorithm that can be blended in desired proportions with the FBP algorithm. We did an objective image-metrics analysis evaluating the modulation transfer function (MTF), noise power spectrum (NPS), and CNR for images reconstructed with FBP. For images reconstructed with ASIR, we only analyzed the CNR, since MTF and NPS results are expected to depend on the object for iterative reconstruction algorithms.
Results: The OSLD measurements showed that the Siemens Definition and the Philips Brilliance scanners (located at two different clinical facilities) yield average absorbed doses in tissue of 42.6 and 43.1 mGy, respectively. The GE Discovery delivers about the same amount of dose (43.7 mGy) when run under similar operating and image-reconstruction conditions, i.e., without tube current modulation and ASIR. The image-metrics analysis likewise showed that the MTF, NPS, and CNR associated with the reconstructed images are mutually comparable when the three scanners are run with similar settings, and differences can be attributed to different edge-enhancement properties of the applied reconstruction filters. Moreover, when the GE scanner was operated with the facility's scanner settings for routine head exams, which apply 50% ASIR and use only approximately half of the 100%-FBP dose, the CNR of the images showed no significant change. Even though the CNR alone is not sufficient to characterize the image quality and justify any dose reduction claims, it can be useful as a constancy test metric.
Conclusions: This work presents a straightforward method to connect direct measurements of CT dose with objective image metrics such as high-contrast resolution, noise, and CNR. It demonstrates that OSLD measurements in an anthropomorphic head phantom allow a realistic and locally precise estimation of magnitude and spatial distribution of dose in tissue delivered during a typical CT head scan. Additional objective analysis of the images of the ACR accreditation phantom can be used to relate the measured doses to high contrast resolution, noise, and CNR. (C) 2013 American Association of Physicists in Medicine.
C1 [Brunner, Claudia C.; Stern, Stanley H.; Chakrabarti, Kish] US FDA, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA.
[Minniti, Ronaldo] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Parry, Marie I.] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA.
[Skopec, Marlene] NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
RP Chakrabarti, K (reprint author), US FDA, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA.
EM kish.chakrabarti@fda.hhs.gov
FU FDA Critical Path Initiative
FX Claudia C. Brunner was funded by the FDA Critical Path Initiative. The
authors wish to acknowledge the invaluable help provided by Arvel J. New
(WRNMMC) and Fred Dowdell (NIH) in collecting data in clinical settings.
The authors further thank John Jaeckle and Paavana Sainath of GE for
lending us the GEPP and answering our questions as well as Dominic
Siewko of Philips for his help. Finally, the authors want to thank
Michelle O'Brien at NIST for her support in providing the x-ray
reference beams at NIST.
NR 39
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U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER ASSOC PHYSICISTS MEDICINE AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0094-2405
J9 MED PHYS
JI Med. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 8
AR 081917
DI 10.1118/1.4815964
PG 12
WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 195XC
UT WOS:000322735900039
PM 23927331
ER
PT J
AU Zhu, TC
Bonnerup, C
Colussi, VC
Dowell, ML
Finlay, JC
Lilge, L
Slowey, TW
Sibata, C
AF Zhu, Timothy C.
Bonnerup, Chris
Colussi, Valdir C.
Dowell, Marla L.
Finlay, Jarod C.
Lilge, Lothar
Slowey, Thomas W.
Sibata, Claudio
TI Absolute calibration of optical power for PDT: Report of AAPM TG140
SO MEDICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE power meter; optical power; radiance
ID PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY
AB This report is primarily concerned with methods for optical calibration of laser power for continuous wave (CW) light sources, predominantly used in photodynamic therapy (PDT). Light power calibration is very important for PDT, however, no clear standard has been established for the calibration procedure nor the requirements of power meters suitable for optical power calibration. The purposes of the report are to provide guidance for establishing calibration procedures for thermopile type power meters and establish calibration uncertainties for most commercially available detectors and readout assemblies. The authors have also provided a review of the use of various power meters for CW and pulsed optical sources, and provided recommended temporal frequencies for optical power meter calibrations and guidance for routine quality assurance procedure. (C) 2013 American Association of Physicists in Medicine.
C1 [Zhu, Timothy C.; Finlay, Jarod C.] Univ Penn, Dept Radiat Oncol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Bonnerup, Chris] E Carolina Univ, Dept Phys, Greenville, NC 27858 USA.
[Colussi, Valdir C.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Radiat Oncol, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
[Dowell, Marla L.] NIST, Quantum Elect & Photon Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Lilge, Lothar] Princess Margaret Canc Inst, Toronto, ON M5G 2M9, Canada.
[Slowey, Thomas W.] K&S Associates Inc, Nashville, TN 37210 USA.
[Sibata, Claudio] 21st Century Oncol, Ft Myers, FL 33907 USA.
RP Zhu, TC (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Radiat Oncol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
EM tzhu@mail.med.upenn.edu; bonnerupc@ecu.edu; valdir.colussi@case.edu;
marla.dowell@nist.gov; jarod.finlay@uphs.upenn.edu;
LLilge@uhnres.utoronto.ca; tslowey@kslab.com; csibata@rtsx.com
RI Lilge, lothar/J-6434-2013;
OI Zhu, Timothy/0000-0003-2842-8984
NR 23
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U1 2
U2 11
PU AMER ASSOC PHYSICISTS MEDICINE AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0094-2405
J9 MED PHYS
JI Med. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 8
AR 081501
DI 10.1118/1.4813897
PG 13
WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 195XC
UT WOS:000322735900005
PM 23927297
ER
PT J
AU Rettew, RE
Cheng, S
Sauerbrey, M
Manz, TA
Sholl, DS
Jaye, C
Fischer, DA
Alamgir, FM
AF Rettew, Robert E.
Cheng, Shuang
Sauerbrey, Marc
Manz, Thomas A.
Sholl, David S.
Jaye, Cherno
Fischer, Daniel A.
Alamgir, Faisal M.
TI Near Surface Phase Transition of Solute Derived Pt Monolayers
SO TOPICS IN CATALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE Platinum; DFT; XPS; XANES; EXAFS; Fuel cell; Monolayer
ID LIMITED REDOX REPLACEMENT; IN-SITU; PLATINUM; CO; DEPOSITION; OXIDATION;
GOLD; ELECTRODEPOSITION; ELECTROCATALYSIS; ELECTROOXIDATION
AB As the loadings of precious metals in surface-chemical systems continue to decrease for photo-and electro-catalysts for energy and environmental applications, the study of near-surface electronic and atomic structure in functional materials becomes critically important. Extremely small quantities of active elements, whether grown as clusters or ultrathin films, exhibit changes in catalytic activity that arise from both size effects and electron-transfer effects. These size and transfer effects can be related to increased propensity for oxidation of the metallic deposit, as well as to various changes in electrochemical performance such as durability or required overpotential for a given reaction. This work establishes a minimum threshold for Pt loading beyond which bulk-type electronic behavior may be expected. By iteratively growing atomic monolayers and multilayers using self-limited electrodeposition and studying these films using core-electron spectroscopy (X-ray absorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy), electrochemical methods and DFT-based computations the fundamental interactions that govern oxidation state and electron transfer near the surface of a Pt-Au bimetallic system have been explored. It has been shown that the Pt-Au system exhibits increased tendency for the Pt layer to remain cationic below a minimum threshold film thickness of two monolayers. At monodispersed levels of submonolayer coverage Pt exhibits deviated electronic structure, reactivity, and metal stability compared to films in excess of this minimum threshold thickness. At three monolayers Pt is thick enough to avoid the preference for cationicity and the resulting higher rates of metal dissolution, but thin enough to benefit from electron transfers from Au that assist in lowering the overpotentials for CO oxidation. This study shows the efficacy of a concerted method for the investigation of near-surface phenomena in multicomponent systems. By combining electrochemical and vacuum studies of solute-derived samples with advanced computational techniques, a multifaceted understanding of these architectures has been achieved.
C1 [Rettew, Robert E.; Cheng, Shuang; Sauerbrey, Marc; Alamgir, Faisal M.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Manz, Thomas A.; Sholl, David S.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biomol Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Jaye, Cherno; Fischer, Daniel A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Alamgir, FM (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
EM faisal.alamgir@mse.gatech.edu
RI Manz, Thomas/H-4590-2011;
OI Manz, Thomas/0000-0002-4033-9864; Alamgir, Faisal/0000-0002-0894-8096
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886, DE-SC0001058]; ACS Petroleum Research Fund
[50934-DNI10]; Center for Atomic Level Catalyst Design, an Energy
Frontier Research Center
FX Use of the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National
Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No.
DE-AC02-98CH10886. FA would like to acknowledge the ACS Petroleum
Research Fund #50934-DNI10 for financial support and the Synchrotron
Catalysis Consortium for travel support. TM and DSS acknowledge support
from the Center for Atomic Level Catalyst Design, an Energy Frontier
Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number DE-SC0001058
(Center for Atomic Level Catalyst Design).
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U2 36
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1022-5528
J9 TOP CATAL
JI Top. Catal.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 56
IS 12
BP 1065
EP 1073
DI 10.1007/s11244-013-0071-9
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 200WF
UT WOS:000323100900004
ER
PT J
AU Andrews, AH
Barnett, BK
Allman, RJ
Moyer, RP
Trowbridge, HD
AF Andrews, Allen H.
Barnett, Beverly K.
Allman, Robert J.
Moyer, Ryan P.
Trowbridge, Hannah D.
TI Great longevity of speckled hind (Epinephelus drummondhayi), a
deep-water grouper, with novel use of postbomb radiocarbon dating in the
Gulf of Mexico
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID RADIOMETRIC AGE VALIDATION; BOMB RADIOCARBON; WESTERN ATLANTIC;
UNITED-STATES; PRE-BOMB; GROWTH; CORAL; OTOLITHS; OCEAN; MORTALITY
AB Growth characteristics are poorly understood for speckled hind (Epinephelus drummondhayi), a tropical deep-water grouper of economic importance that is considered overfished. Age has been validated for early growth, but the validity of adult age estimates is unknown. A few studies of growth zones in otoliths have revealed maximum age estimates of 15-35 years, which have been uncritically assumed as longevity. To answer questions about adult age, bomb radiocarbon dating was used to provide validated age estimates. A novel aspect of this study was use of the postbomb radiocarbon decline period (ca. 1980-2004) to age younger fish, an approach that was validated with known-age otoliths. Bomb radiocarbon dating provided valid length-at-age estimates ranging from similar to 5 years to more than 45 years. Age was unexpectedly greater than previous estimates for more than half the fish used in this study, and longevity may approach 60-80 years. This study extends the utility of bomb radiocarbon dating by more than 20 years and adds to the growing perspective that deep-water tropical fishes can be long-lived.
C1 [Andrews, Allen H.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fish Biol & Stock Assessment Branch, Life Hist Program, Aiea, HI 96701 USA.
[Barnett, Beverly K.; Allman, Robert J.; Trowbridge, Hannah D.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Panama City Lab, Panama City Beach, FL 32408 USA.
[Moyer, Ryan P.] Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
RP Andrews, AH (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fish Biol & Stock Assessment Branch, Life Hist Program, 99-193 Aiea Hts Dr,Suite 417, Aiea, HI 96701 USA.
EM allen.andrews@noaa.gov
RI Andrews, Allen/G-3686-2016
OI Andrews, Allen/0000-0002-9001-8305
FU USGS Mendenhall Post-Doctoral Fellowship; Florida Fish and Wildlife
Research Institute Coastal Wetlands Program; NOAA Fisheries, Office of
Protected Resources, Species of Concern Program [J8LPM38-P00]
FX We thank Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center and Panama City
Laboratory for the travel opportunities to meet in person for study
refinement at the Panama City Laboratory. We thank Bill Kline for
assistance with otolith sample preparation and processing. Laura
Thornton and Chris Palmer provided initial estimates of age for otoliths
used in this study. Archived otolith collections were made in part by
dockside port samplers and scientists working aboard research vessels in
the Gulf of Mexico. Thanks to Linda Lombardi for suggesting the
application of this technique to these species. Thanks to Alex Chester,
Edward DeMartini, Robert Humphreys, and two anonymous reviewers for
comments and suggestions that improved the manuscript. Ed DeMartini also
provided insight on statistics associated with the study. R.P. Moyer was
supported by a USGS Mendenhall Post-Doctoral Fellowship and received
additional funding from the Florida Fish and Wildlife Research Institute
Coastal Wetlands Program. Primary funding for this project was provided
by NOAA Fisheries, Office of Protected Resources, Species of Concern
Program (Project No. J8LPM38-P00).
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U1 1
U2 16
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 8
BP 1131
EP 1140
DI 10.1139/cjfas-2012-0537
PG 10
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 193AF
UT WOS:000322528400002
ER
PT J
AU Burke, BJ
Liermann, MC
Teel, DJ
Anderson, JJ
AF Burke, Brian J.
Liermann, Martin C.
Teel, David J.
Anderson, James J.
TI Environmental and geospatial factors drive juvenile Chinook salmon
distribution during early ocean migration
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTHERN CALIFORNIA CURRENT; COHO ONCORHYNCHUS-KISUTCH; COLUMBIA RIVER
PLUME; WIRE TAG RECOVERIES; VERTICAL-DISTRIBUTION; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION;
COASTAL OCEAN; LIFE-HISTORY; SEA-TURTLES; TSHAWYTSCHA
AB Migrating animals rely on a variety of cues to guide them, but the relative importance of those signals may vary with size, life stage, or location. During their initial ocean migration, yearling Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytcha) from the Columbia River have stock-specific spatial distributions that shift through time. We used a two-process mixture model to examine how the distribution of yearling migrants from three Chinook salmon stocks varies as a function of geospatial (e. g., latitude and distance from shore) and environmental (e. g., chlorophyll a and temperature) covariates. In this framework, one process described the probability of being inside the spatial, temporal, and environmental boundaries of the migration route, and one process described the patchy distribution of salmon abundance within that route. We found that both environmental and geospatial covariates explained substantial portions of observed spatial patterns in abundance, suggesting that these stocks responded to multiple cues during migration. However, model selection criteria indicated that fish distributions were more affected by geospatial than by environmental covariates. We conclude that during migration, behavioral responses to environmental variation are secondary to responses to geospatial variation, sometimes resulting in suboptimal environmental conditions. This may have sublethal effects on growth and could ultimately influence stock-specific responses to broad-scale climate changes.
C1 [Burke, Brian J.; Liermann, Martin C.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Teel, David J.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Manchester, WA 98353 USA.
[Anderson, James J.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Burke, BJ (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM brian.burke@noaa.gov
FU Bonneville Power Administration
FX Chinook salmon catch data were obtained during a survey funded by the
Bonneville Power Administration. Many people assisted with the project
organization and data collection, including but not limited to Ed
Casillas, Bill Peterson, Ric Brodeur, Bob Emmett, Kym Jacobson, Cheryl
Morgan, Jen Zamon, Brian Beckman, Laurie Weitkamp, Don Van Doornik,
David Kuligowski, Tom Wainwright, Joe Fisher, Susan Hinton, and Cindy
Bucher. Andre Punt contributed to the initial design of the model. We
also thank JoAnne Butzerin, James Faulkner, Bridget Ferris, Mark
Scheuerell, Rich Zabel, Aimee Fullerton, and two anonymous reviewers for
their constructive comments on earlier versions of this manuscript.
NR 58
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U2 45
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
EI 1205-7533
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 8
BP 1167
EP 1177
DI 10.1139/cjfas-2012-0505
PG 11
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 193AF
UT WOS:000322528400006
ER
PT J
AU Millar, RB
Jordan, CE
AF Millar, Russell B.
Jordan, Chris E.
TI A simple variance estimator for the trapezoidal area-under-the-curve
estimator of the spawner abundance of Pacific salmon
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID ESCAPEMENT; MODELS
AB The trapezoidal area-under-the-curve (TAUC) method is the simplest and most widely used method for estimating the spawning abundance of Pacific salmon from periodic surveys of spawner counts within a surveyed area. However, there is currently no method to estimate the precision of the estimated spawner abundance from the survey data. For this reason the Gaussian area-under-the-curve (GAUC) method was recently presented as an easily implemented alternative that has the advantage of having a variance estimator. However, under a diverse variety of simulation scenarios, the TAUC estimator was seen to be a slightly better estimator of escapement on the basis of mean squared error. It is shown here that a variance estimator for the TAUC method can be obtained as an immediate by-product of the GAUC method. Furthermore, this new approach can easily be extended to accommodate asymmetric and multimodal patterns of spawner abundance by the use of basis splines.
C1 [Millar, Russell B.] Univ Auckland, Dept Stat, Auckland 1, New Zealand.
[Jordan, Chris E.] NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Millar, RB (reprint author), Univ Auckland, Dept Stat, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1, New Zealand.
EM millar@stat.auckland.ac.nz
FU Northwest Fisheries Science Center (Seattle, Washington, USA) of the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; US National Research
Council
FX Russell Millar was partially supported on this work by the Northwest
Fisheries Science Center (Seattle, Washington, USA) of the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the US National Research
Council's Senior Research Fellowship program.
NR 19
TC 1
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U1 1
U2 6
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
EI 1205-7533
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 8
BP 1231
EP 1239
DI 10.1139/cjfas-2012-0499
PG 9
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 193AF
UT WOS:000322528400010
ER
PT J
AU Qajar, A
Peer, M
Rajagopalan, R
Liu, Y
Brown, C
Foley, HC
AF Qajar, Ali
Peer, Maryam
Rajagopalan, Ramakrishnan
Liu, Yun
Brown, Craig
Foley, Henry C.
TI Surface compression of light adsorbates inside microporous PFA-derived
carbons
SO CARBON
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-PRESSURE ADSORPTION; INELASTIC NEUTRON-SCATTERING; METAL-ORGANIC
FRAMEWORKS; ACTIVATED CARBON; PHYSICAL ACTIVATION; NANOPOROUS CARBON;
MOLECULAR-SIEVES; ISOSTERIC HEATS; GAS-ADSORPTION; GLASSY-CARBON
AB Surface compression is a phenomenon in which strong solid-fluid interactions compress the adsorbate molecules on a surface to a point that lateral repulsion forces appear. In this work, this phenomenon was studied for high pressure adsorption of a collection of light gases on polyfurfuryl alcohol (PFA)-derived carbons. The carbons were mostly microporous with mean pore sizes ranging from 5 to 8 angstrom. Surface and lateral interactions were decoupled by transforming the adsorption isotherms into Ono-Kondo coordinates. This analysis revealed substantial loss of kinetic energy of hydrogen inside the carbon micropores. Inelastic Neutron Scattering (INS) indicated that there was indeed a hindrance to the rotational motion of H-2 molecules inside the microporous carbon. Extensive analysis using heavier gases showed the observed change in the nature of the lateral forces during adsorption process. Adsorption began with attractive lateral forces; then as the pressure increased and even at low pressures repulsive forces emerged and as the adsorption proceeded the repulsive forces became more dominant. These effects were more pronounced inside small micropores. We believe that these lateral forces can also contribute to the drop in energetics of adsorption with gas loading as seen in heat of adsorption profiles. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Qajar, Ali; Peer, Maryam; Foley, Henry C.] Penn State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Rajagopalan, Ramakrishnan; Foley, Henry C.] Penn State Univ, Mat Res Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Liu, Yun; Brown, Craig] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Liu, Yun; Brown, Craig] Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
RP Foley, HC (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM hcf2@psu.edu
RI Rajagopalan, Ramakrishnan/H-9306-2012; Liu, Yun/F-6516-2012; Brown,
Craig/B-5430-2009;
OI Liu, Yun/0000-0002-0944-3153; Brown, Craig/0000-0002-9637-9355;
Rajagopalan, Ramakrishnan/0000-0002-2509-5056
FU DOE [DE-FC36-05GO15077]; U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Energy
Efficiency and Renewable Energy within the Hydrogen Sorption Center of
Excellence
FX This work was supported from DOE through the Grant No.
DE-FC36-05GO15077. Work at NISTwas partially supported by the U.S.
Department of Energy's Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
within the Hydrogen Sorption Center of Excellence.
NR 66
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U1 0
U2 26
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0008-6223
EI 1873-3891
J9 CARBON
JI Carbon
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 60
BP 538
EP 549
DI 10.1016/j.carbon.2013.04.001
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 180MB
UT WOS:000321598200061
ER
PT J
AU Sakai, T
Kando, N
Macdonald, C
Soboroff, I
AF Sakai, Tetsuya
Kando, Noriko
Macdonald, Craig
Soboroff, Ian
TI Introduction to the special issue on search intents and diversification
SO INFORMATION RETRIEVAL
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Sakai, Tetsuya] Microsoft Res Asia, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China.
[Kando, Noriko] Res Org Informat & Syst, Natl Inst Informat, Chiyoda Ku, Tokyo 1018430, Japan.
[Macdonald, Craig] Univ Glasgow, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland.
[Soboroff, Ian] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Macdonald, C (reprint author), Univ Glasgow, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland.
EM tetsuyasakai@acm.org; kando@nii.ac.jp; craig.macdonald@glasgow.ac.uk;
ian.soboroff@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1386-4564
J9 INFORM RETRIEVAL
JI Inf. Retr.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 16
IS 4
SI SI
BP 427
EP 428
DI 10.1007/s10791-013-9223-6
PG 2
WC Computer Science, Information Systems
SC Computer Science
GA 188IY
UT WOS:000322187800001
ER
PT J
AU Venn-Watson, S
Smith, CR
Jensen, ED
Rowles, T
AF Venn-Watson, Stephanie
Smith, Cynthia R.
Jensen, Eric D.
Rowles, Teri
TI Assessing the potential health impacts of the 2003 and 2007 firestorms
on bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops trucatus) in San Diego Bay
SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Calcium homeostasis; dolphin; fire smoke inhalation; lung injury;
Tursiops truncatus
ID SMOKE-INHALATION INJURY; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA WILDFIRES; PARAINFLUENZA
VIRUS; PARTICULATE SAMPLES; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PULMONARY INJURY;
CARBON-MONOXIDE; MOUSE LUNG; WOOD SMOKE; TRUNCATUS
AB Context: Firestorms negatively affected air quality throughout San Diego County during 2003 and 2007, including the San Diego Bay, which houses the Navy's bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus).
Objective: To assess the potential impact of the 2003 and 2007 fires on dolphin health. Materials and methods: Hematology and serum chemistry values were evaluated retrospectively among Navy dolphins the year and month before; during; and the month after the 2003 and 2007 fires.
Results: Both 2003 and 2007 fires were associated with lower calcium either during or the month post-fire compared to the control periods. During and the month following the 2003 fire, dolphins had higher serum carbon dioxide compared to the control periods. Dolphins during and the month following the 2007 fire had lower absolute or percent neutrophils and higher chloride. The 2007 fire was also associated with increased percent eosinophils during the fire and higher percent monocytes and bilirubin the month following the fire compared to the control periods.
Discussion and conclusion: Consistent with what has been previously reported in humans and other animals, this study supports that fire smoke inhalation may have mild effects on dolphin physiology, including calcium homeostasis, lung function and immune response.
C1 [Venn-Watson, Stephanie; Smith, Cynthia R.] Natl Marine Mammal Fdn, San Diego, CA USA.
[Jensen, Eric D.] Navy Marine Mammal Program, San Diego, CA USA.
[Rowles, Teri] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Venn-Watson, S (reprint author), Natl Marine Mammal Fdn, San Diego, CA USA.
EM stephanie.venn-watson@nmmf.org
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) under the
University Corporation for Atmospheric Research
FX This project was funded by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA) as a subcontract under the University Corporation
for Atmospheric Research. The authors report no conflicts of interest.
The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of this
article.
NR 61
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U1 0
U2 21
PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE
PI LONDON
PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND
SN 0895-8378
J9 INHAL TOXICOL
JI Inhal. Toxicol.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 25
IS 9
BP 481
EP 491
DI 10.3109/08958378.2013.804611
PG 11
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 194NK
UT WOS:000322639800001
PM 23905966
ER
PT J
AU Jew, CJ
Wegner, NC
Yanagitsuru, Y
Tresguerres, M
Graham, JB
AF Jew, Corey J.
Wegner, Nicholas C.
Yanagitsuru, Yuzo
Tresguerres, Martin
Graham, Jeffrey B.
TI Atmospheric Oxygen Levels Affect Mudskipper Terrestrial Performance:
Implications for Early Tetrapods
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PERIOPHTHALMODON-SCHLOSSERI; BOLEOPHTHALMUS-BODDAERTI; SWIMMING
PERFORMANCE; EXHAUSTIVE EXERCISE; RAINBOW-TROUT; AMPHIBIOUS FISHES;
METABOLIC-RATE; EVOLUTION; WATER; RESPIRATION
AB The Japanese mudskipper (Periophthalmus modestus), an amphibious fish that possesses many respiratory and locomotive specializations for sojourns onto land, was used as a model to study how changing atmospheric oxygen concentrations during the middle and late Paleozoic Era (400-250 million years ago) may have influenced the emergence and subsequent radiation of the first tetrapods. The effects of different atmospheric oxygen concentrations (hyperoxia = 35%, normoxia = 21%, and hypoxia = 7% O-2) on terrestrial performance were tested during exercise on a terrestrial treadmill and during recovery from exhaustive exercise. Endurance and elevated post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC; the immediate O-2 debt repaid post-exercise) correlated with atmospheric oxygen concentration indicating that when additional oxygen is available P. modestus can increase oxygen utilization both during and following exercise. The time required post-exercise for mudskippers to return to a resting metabolic rate did not differ between treatments. However, in normoxia, oxygen consumption increased above hyperoxic values 13-20 h post-exercise suggesting a delayed repayment of the incurred oxygen debt. Finally, following exercise, ventilatory movements associated with buccopharyngeal aerial respiration returned to their rest-like pattern more quickly at higher concentrations of oxygen. Taken together, the results of this study show that P. modestus can exercise longer and recover quicker under higher oxygen concentrations. Similarities between P. modestus and early tetrapods suggest that increasing atmospheric oxygen levels during the middle and late Paleozoic allowed for elevated aerobic capacity and improved terrestrial performance, and likely led to an accelerated diversification and expansion of vertebrate life into the terrestrial biosphere.
C1 [Jew, Corey J.; Wegner, Nicholas C.; Yanagitsuru, Yuzo; Tresguerres, Martin; Graham, Jeffrey B.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Marine Biotechnol & Biomed, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Jew, Corey J.; Wegner, Nicholas C.; Yanagitsuru, Yuzo; Tresguerres, Martin; Graham, Jeffrey B.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Div Marine Biol Res, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Wegner, Nicholas C.] NOAA Fisheries, Fisheries Resource Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Jew, CJ (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Marine Biotechnol & Biomed, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM cjew@ucsd.edu; nwegner@ucsd.edu
RI Tresguerres, Martin/J-8628-2012
FU National Science Foundation [ARRA ISO-0922569]
FX This research was supported by a National Science Foundation grant (ARRA
ISO-0922569) awarded to the late Jeffrey B. Graham whose guidance and
legacy will continue to influence many. Support for participation in
this symposium was provided by the Society for Integrative and
Comparative Biology, its divisions of Animal Behavior, Comparative
Biomechanics, Comparative Biology and Phylogenetics, Comparative
Physiology and Biochemistry, Ecology and Evolution, Evolutionary
Developmental Biology, Neurobiology, and Vertebrate Morphology, and the
US National Science Foundation (IOS 1237547).
NR 57
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U1 1
U2 21
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 53
IS 2
BP 248
EP 257
DI 10.1093/icb/ict034
PG 10
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 190LW
UT WOS:000322342600007
PM 23620255
ER
PT J
AU Brown, E
Ternieden, C
Metchis, K
Beller-Simms, N
Fillmore, L
Ozekin, K
AF Brown, Erica
Ternieden, Claudio
Metchis, Karen
Beller-Simms, Nancy
Fillmore, Lauren
Ozekin, Kenan
TI Emergency response or long-term resilience? Extreme events challenge
water utilities and their communities
SO JOURNAL AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Brown, Erica] Noblis, Sustainabil Ctr Excellence, Falls Church, VA 22042 USA.
[Metchis, Karen] US EPA, Off Water, Washington, DC USA.
[Beller-Simms, Nancy] NOAA, Washington, DC USA.
RP Brown, E (reprint author), Noblis, Sustainabil Ctr Excellence, 3150 Fairview Pk Dr, Falls Church, VA 22042 USA.
EM Erica.Brown@noblis.org
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER WATER WORKS ASSOC
PI DENVER
PA 6666 W QUINCY AVE, DENVER, CO 80235 USA
SN 2164-4535
J9 J AM WATER WORKS ASS
JI J. Am. Water Work Assoc.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 105
IS 8
BP 38
EP 40
DI 10.5942/jawwa.2013.105.0121
PG 3
WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Water Resources
GA 194EJ
UT WOS:000322613500009
ER
PT J
AU Watson, MC
Curtis, JE
AF Watson, Max C.
Curtis, Joseph E.
TI Rapid and accurate calculation of small-angle scattering profiles using
the golden ratio
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY SOLUTION; DIRECT SHAPE DETERMINATION; MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS;
NEUTRON-SCATTERING; BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES; POWDER DIFFRACTION;
DYNAMICS SIMULATION; GENETIC ALGORITHM; PROTEIN SOLUTIONS; SAXS PROFILES
AB Calculating the scattering intensity of an N-atom system is a numerically exhausting O(N-2) task. A simple approximation technique that scales linearly with the number of atoms is presented. Using an exact expression for the scattering intensity I(q) at a given wavevector q, the rotationally averaged intensity I(q) is computed by evaluating I(q) in several scattering directions. The orientations of the q vectors are taken from a quasi-uniform spherical grid generated by the golden ratio. Using various biomolecules as examples, this technique is compared with an established multipole expansion method. For a given level of speed, the technique is more accurate than the multipole expansion for anisotropically shaped molecules, while comparable in accuracy for globular shapes. The processing time scales sub-linearly in N when the atoms are identical and lie on a lattice. The procedure is easily implemented and should accelerate the analysis of small-angle scattering data.
C1 [Watson, Max C.; Curtis, Joseph E.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Watson, MC (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, 100 Bur Dr,Mail Stop 6102, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM max.watson@nist.gov
FU National Research Council; National Science Foundation [CHE-1265817]
FX MCW acknowledges the support of the National Research Council. This
material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation
under CHE-1265817.
NR 66
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 24
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0021-8898
J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR
JI J. Appl. Crystallogr.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 46
BP 1171
EP 1177
DI 10.1107/S002188981301666X
PN 4
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography
SC Chemistry; Crystallography
GA 186HI
UT WOS:000322032300045
ER
PT J
AU Pangelis, S
Olsen, SR
Scherschligt, J
Leao, JB
Pullen, SA
Dender, D
Hester, JR
Imperia, P
AF Pangelis, S.
Olsen, S. R.
Scherschligt, J.
Leao, J. B.
Pullen, S. A.
Dender, D.
Hester, J. R.
Imperia, P.
TI Safety interlock and vent system to alleviate potentially dangerous ice
blockage of top-loading cryostat sample sticks
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
AB A combined solution is presented for minimizing the safety hazards associated with closed cycle cryostats described by Swainson & Cranswick [J. Appl. Cryst. (2010), 43, 206-210]. The initial solution is to install a vent tube with one open end deep inside the sample space and a pressure relief valve at the top. This solution works for either a cryogen or a cryogen-free (closed cycle) system. The second approach, which can be combined with the first and is applicable to cryogen-free cryostats, involves electrically interlocking the closed cycle refrigerator compressor to the sample space, so that the system cannot be cooled in the presence of a leak path to air.
C1 [Pangelis, S.; Olsen, S. R.; Pullen, S. A.; Hester, J. R.; Imperia, P.] Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia.
[Scherschligt, J.; Leao, J. B.; Dender, D.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Pangelis, S (reprint author), Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, New Illawarra Rd, Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia.
EM steven.pangelis@ansto.gov.au
OI Imperia, Paolo/0000-0001-5682-8059
NR 5
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 7
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0021-8898
J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR
JI J. Appl. Crystallogr.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 46
BP 1236
EP 1239
DI 10.1107/S0021889813010868
PN 4
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography
SC Chemistry; Crystallography
GA 186HI
UT WOS:000322032300055
ER
PT J
AU Elsner, JB
Strazzo, SE
Jagger, TH
LaRow, T
Zhao, M
AF Elsner, James B.
Strazzo, Sarah E.
Jagger, Thomas H.
LaRow, Timothy
Zhao, Ming
TI Sensitivity of Limiting Hurricane Intensity to SST in the Atlantic from
Observations and GCMs
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
DE Hurricanes; typhoons; Sensitivity studies; Statistics; General
circulation models
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; TROPICAL CYCLONE INTENSITY; CLIMATOLOGY;
SIMULATIONS; WINDS; RISK
AB A statistical model for the intensity of the strongest hurricanes has been developed and a new methodology introduced for estimating the sensitivity of the strongest hurricanes to changes in sea surface temperature. Here, the authors use this methodology on observed hurricanes and hurricanes generated from two global climate models (GCMs). Hurricanes over the North Atlantic Ocean during the period 1981-2010 show a sensitivity of 7.9 +/- 1.19 m s(-1) K-1 (standard error; SE) when over seas warmer than 25 degrees C. In contrast, hurricanes over the same region and period generated from the GFDL High Resolution Atmospheric Model (HiRAM) show a significantly lower sensitivity with the highest at 1.8 +/- 0.42 m s(-1) K-1 (SE). Similar weaker sensitivity is found using hurricanes generated from the Florida State University Center for Ocean-Atmospheric Prediction Studies (FSU-COAPS) model with the highest at 2.9 +/- 2.64 m s(-1) K-1 (SE). A statistical refinement of HiRAM-generated hurricane intensities heightens the sensitivity to a maximum of 6.9 +/- 3.33 m s(-1) K-1 (SE), but the increase is offset by additional uncertainty associated with the refinement. Results suggest that the caution that should be exercised when interpreting GCM scenarios of future hurricane intensity stems from the low sensitivity of limiting GCM-generated hurricane intensity to ocean temperature.
C1 [Elsner, James B.; Strazzo, Sarah E.; Jagger, Thomas H.; LaRow, Timothy] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Zhao, Ming] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
RP Elsner, JB (reprint author), Florida State Univ, 113 Collegiate Way, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
EM jelsner@fsu.edu
RI Zhao, Ming/C-6928-2014;
OI Strazzo, Sarah/0000-0003-1332-3135
FU Department of Geography at The Florida State University; Risk Prediction
Initiative [RPI2.0-2012-01]
FX Partial support for this work came from the Department of Geography at
The Florida State University and from the Risk Prediction Initiative
(RPI2.0-2012-01). We thank the R Development Core Team and R. S. Bivand,
E. J. Pebesma, and V. Gomez-Rubio for the sp package.
NR 23
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 12
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 16
BP 5949
EP 5957
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00433.1
PG 9
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 196FU
UT WOS:000322759700013
ER
PT J
AU Lubbecke, JF
McPhaden, MJ
AF Luebbecke, Joke F.
McPhaden, Michael J.
TI A Comparative Stability Analysis of Atlantic and Pacific Nino Modes
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
DE Atlantic Ocean; Tropics; ENSO; Interannual variability; Tropical
variability
ID HEAT-FLUX FEEDBACK; TROPICAL ATLANTIC; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY;
EQUATORIAL ATLANTIC; COUPLED MODEL; EL-NINO; SEASONAL VARIABILITY; OCEAN
DYNAMICS; CMIP3 MODELS; WARM EVENTS
AB El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the Pacific and the analogous Atlantic Nino mode are generated by processes involving coupled ocean-atmosphere interactions known as the Bjerknes feedback. It has been argued that the Atlantic Nino mode is more strongly damped than ENSO, which is presumed to be closer to neutrally stable. In this study the stability of ENSO and the Atlantic Nino mode is compared via an analysis of the Bjerknes stability index. This index is based on recharge oscillator theory and can be interpreted as the growth rate for coupled modes of ocean-atmosphere variability. Using observational data, an ocean reanalysis product, and output from an ocean general circulation model, the individual terms of the Bjerknes index are calculated for the first time for the Atlantic and then compared to results for the Pacific. Positive thermocline feedbacks in response to wind stress forcing favor anomaly growth in both basins, but they are twice as large in the Pacific compared to the Atlantic. Thermocline feedback is related to the fetch of the zonal winds, which is much greater in the equatorial Pacific than in the equatorial Atlantic due to larger basin size. Negative feedbacks are dominated by thermal damping of sea surface temperature anomalies in both basins. Overall, it is found that both ENSO and the Atlantic Nino mode are damped oscillators, but the Atlantic is more strongly damped than the Pacific primarily because of the weaker thermocline feedback.
C1 [Luebbecke, Joke F.; McPhaden, Michael J.] NOAA, PMEL, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Lubbecke, JF (reprint author), NOAA, PMEL, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM joke.luebbecke@noaa.gov
RI McPhaden, Michael/D-9799-2016; Luebbecke, Joke/G-6315-2016
OI Luebbecke, Joke/0000-0002-7839-3284
FU National Research Council Research Associateship Award at NOAA/PMEL
FX The authors would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their
comments. This research was performed while the first author held a
National Research Council Research Associateship Award at NOAA/PMEL. We
thank Simon Borlace for helpful advice on the calculations. The
NEMO-ORCA05 simulation was performed at the Kiel University Computing
Center and kindly provided by Arne Biastoch.
NR 47
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 9
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 16
BP 5965
EP 5980
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00758.1
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 196FU
UT WOS:000322759700015
ER
PT J
AU Fan, YL
Held, IM
Lin, SJ
Wang, XLL
AF Fan, Yalin
Held, Isaac M.
Lin, Shian-Jiann
Wang, Xiaolan L.
TI Ocean Warming Effect on Surface Gravity Wave Climate Change for the End
of the Twenty-First Century
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
DE Climate prediction; Climate models; Coupled models; Climate variability;
Trends
ID STORM-SURGE CLIMATE; NORTH-ATLANTIC; TROPICAL CYCLONE; FUTURE WIND;
SIMULATIONS; MULTIMODEL; SEA; VARIABILITY; CIRCULATION; ENSEMBLE
AB Surface wind (U-10) and significant wave height (Hs) response to global warming are investigated using a coupled atmosphere-wave model by perturbing the sea surface temperatures (SSTs) with anomalies generated by the Working Group on Coupled Modeling (WGCM) phase 3 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP3) coupled models that use the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report (IPCC AR4)/Special Report on Emissions Scenarios A1B (SRES A1B) scenario late in the twenty-first century.Several consistent changes were observed across all four realizations for the seasonal means: robust increase of U-10 and Hs in the Southern Ocean for both the austral summer and winter due to the poleward shift of the jet stream; a dipole pattern of the U-10 and Hs with increases in the northeast sector and decreases at the midlatitude during boreal winter in the North Atlantic due to the more frequent occurrence of the positive phases of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO); and strong decrease of U-10 and Hs in the tropical western Pacific Ocean during austral summer, which might be caused by the joint effect of the weakening of the Walker circulation and the large hurricane frequency decrease in the South Pacific.Changes of the 99th percentile U-10 and Hs are twice as strong as changes in the seasonal means, and the maximum changes are mainly dominated by the changes in hurricanes. Robust strong decreases of U-10 and Hs in the South Pacific are obtained because of the large hurricane frequency decrease, while the results in the Northern Hemisphere basins differ among the models. An additional sensitivity experiment suggests that the qualitative response of U-10 and Hs is not affected by using SST anomalies only and maintaining the radiative forcing unchanged (using 1980 values), as in this study.
C1 [Fan, Yalin] Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Fan, Yalin; Held, Isaac M.; Lin, Shian-Jiann] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Wang, Xiaolan L.] Environm Canada, Div Climate Res, Atmospher Sci & Technol Directorate, Sci & Technol Branch, Toronto, ON, Canada.
RP Fan, YL (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Atmospher & Ocean Sci Program, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM yalin.fan@noaa.gov
NR 39
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 32
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 16
BP 6046
EP 6066
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00410.1
PG 21
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 196FU
UT WOS:000322759700020
ER
PT J
AU Purkey, SG
Johnson, GC
AF Purkey, Sarah G.
Johnson, Gregory C.
TI Antarctic Bottom Water Warming and Freshening: Contributions to Sea
Level Rise, Ocean Freshwater Budgets, and Global Heat Gain
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
DE Southern Ocean; Bottom currents; bottom water; Sea level; Energy budget;
balance; Salinity; Climate variability
ID WESTERN SOUTH-ATLANTIC; WEDDELL SEA; TEMPERATURE TRENDS; PACIFIC-OCEAN;
DEEP; CIRCULATION; ABYSSAL; BASIN
AB Freshening and warming of Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) between the 1980s and 2000s are quantified, assessing the relative contributions of water-mass changes and isotherm heave. The analysis uses highly accurate, full-depth, ship-based, conductivity-temperature-depth measurements taken along repeated oceanographic sections around the Southern Ocean. Fresher varieties of AABW are present within the South Pacific and south Indian Oceans in the 2000s compared to the 1990s, with the strongest freshening in the newest waters adjacent to the Antarctic continental slope and rise indicating a recent shift in the salinity of AABW produced in this region. Bottom waters in the Weddell Sea exhibit significantly less water-mass freshening than those in the other two southern basins. However, a decrease in the volume of the coldest, deepest waters is observed throughout the entire Southern Ocean. This isotherm heave causes a salinification and warming on isobaths from the bottom up to the shallow potential temperature maximum. The water-mass freshening of AABW in the Indian and Pacific Ocean sectors is equivalent to a freshwater flux of 73 +/- 26 Gt yr(-1), roughly half of the estimated recent mass loss of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet. Isotherm heave integrated below 2000 m and south of 30 degrees S equates to a net heat uptake of 34 +/- 14 TW of excess energy entering the deep ocean from deep volume loss of AABW and 0.37 +/- 0.15 mm yr(-1) of sea level rise from associated thermal expansion.
C1 [Purkey, Sarah G.; Johnson, Gregory C.] Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Purkey, Sarah G.; Johnson, Gregory C.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Purkey, SG (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Box 357940, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM sarah.purkey@noaa.gov
RI Johnson, Gregory/I-6559-2012; Purkey, Sarah/K-1983-2012
OI Johnson, Gregory/0000-0002-8023-4020;
FU NOAA Climate Program Office; NOAA Research; NASA Headquarters under the
NASA Earth and Space Fellowship Program Grant [NNX11AL89H]
FX We thank the hundreds of people who helped to collect, calibrate,
process, and archive the WOCE and CLIVAR datasets, without whom global
assessments of ocean variability like this one would be impossible. We
also thank those who provided us with unreported SSW batch numbers for
many cruises. D. Roemmich suggested an improvement for the error
analysis. Finally, suggestions of two anonymous reviewers and editor
Anand Gnanadesikan improved this manuscript. This work was supported by
the NOAA Climate Program Office, NOAA Research, and NASA Headquarters
under the NASA Earth and Space Fellowship Program Grant NNX11AL89H.
NR 43
TC 52
Z9 54
U1 2
U2 77
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 16
BP 6105
EP 6122
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00834.1
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 196FU
UT WOS:000322759700024
ER
PT J
AU Wang, CZ
Zhang, LP
AF Wang, Chunzai
Zhang, Liping
TI Multidecadal Ocean Temperature and Salinity Variability in the Tropical
North Atlantic: Linking with the AMO, AMOC, and Subtropical Cell
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
DE Large-scale motions; Thermocline circulation; Thermohaline circulation;
Atmosphere-ocean interaction; Climate variability
ID MERIDIONAL OVERTURNING CIRCULATION; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; CLIMATE
MODEL; HYDROGRAPHIC DATA; SAHEL RAINFALL; PACIFIC-OCEAN; OSCILLATION;
REANALYSIS
AB The Atlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO) is characterized by the sea surface warming (cooling) of the entire North Atlantic during its warm (cold) phase. Both observations and most of the phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) models also show that the warm (cold) phase of the AMO is associated with a surface warming (cooling) and a subsurface cooling (warming) in the tropical North Atlantic (TNA). It is further shown that the warm phase of the AMO corresponds to a strengthening of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) and a weakening of the Atlantic subtropical cell (STC), which both induce an anomalous northward current in the TNA subsurface ocean. Because the mean meridional temperature gradient of the subsurface ocean is positive because of the temperature dome around 9 degrees N, the advection by the anomalous northward current cools the TNA subsurface ocean during the warm phase of the AMO. The opposite is true during the cold phase of the AMO. It is concluded that the anticorrelated ocean temperature variation in the TNA associated with the AMO is caused by the meridional current variation induced by variability of the AMOC and STC, but the AMOC plays a more important role than the STC. Observations do not seem to show an obvious anticorrelated salinity relation between the TNA surface and subsurface oceans, but most of CMIP5 models simulate an out-of-phase salinity variation. Similar to the temperature variation, the mechanism is the salinity advection by the meridional current variation induced by the AMOC and STC associated with the AMO.
C1 [Wang, Chunzai; Zhang, Liping] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Zhang, Liping] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL USA.
RP Zhang, LP (reprint author), NOAA, Phys Oceanog Div, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM liping.zhang@noaa.gov
RI Wang, Chunzai /C-9712-2009
OI Wang, Chunzai /0000-0002-7611-0308
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)/Climate Program
Office and the base funding of NOAA/Atlantic Oceanographic and
Meteorological Laboratory (AOML)
FX We thank three anonymous reviewers and the editor John Chiang for their
comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by grants from
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)/Climate Program
Office and the base funding of NOAA/Atlantic Oceanographic and
Meteorological Laboratory (AOML). The findings and conclusions in this
report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the
views of the funding agency.
NR 49
TC 19
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 28
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 16
BP 6137
EP 6162
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00721.1
PG 26
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 196FU
UT WOS:000322759700026
ER
PT J
AU Van Noord, JE
Lewallen, EA
Pitman, RL
AF Van Noord, J. E.
Lewallen, E. A.
Pitman, R. L.
TI Flyingfish feeding ecology in the eastern Pacific: prey partitioning
within a speciose epipelagic community
SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE diet; euchaetid copepod; Exocoetidae; halfbeak; warm pool
ID WESTERN NORTH PACIFIC; TROPICAL PACIFIC; VERTICAL-DISTRIBUTION;
MYCTOPHID FISHES; FOOD WEBS; DIVERSITY; ZOOPLANKTON; EXOCOETIDAE;
SELECTION; ONTOGENY
AB To test the hypothesis that prey partitioning contributes to community stability in flyingfish, the gut contents of 359 flyingfish specimens (representing five genera and eight species within Exocoetidae and Hemiramphidae) were collected at 50 dip-net stations during hour-long night-time fishing in oceanic waters of the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean between August and November 2007. Analyses using multidimensional scaling, and analysis of similarity revealed significant dietary differences among species, and similarity percentages tests helped identify the specific prey taxa responsible for these differences. Six species specialized on copepods (58.3-96.9% by number), but targeted different families. Specifically, the barbel flyingfish Exocoetus monocirrhus (n = 205) focused on euchaetids (51.6%), the banded flyingfish Hirundichthys marginatus (n = 24) fed on pontellids (21.8%), while the tropical two-wing flyingfish Exocoetus volitans (n = 11) and the bigwing halfbeak Oxyporhamphus micropterus (n = 34) ingested calanoids (54.6 and 17.0%). In contrast, the whitetip flyingfish Cheilopogon xenopterus (n = 73) and the mirrorwing flyingfish Hirundichthys speculiger (n = 4) had generalized diets comprising similar proportions of amphipod, copepod, mollusc and larval fish prey. Distinct differences in mean fullness, highly digested material, per cent empty guts and mean numbers of prey per gut were also synthesized, and uncovered a pattern of asynchronous feeding. Altogether, these findings provide valuable descriptive data on the diets of an understudied group of epipelagic teleosts, and, by extension, suggest that prey partitioning (taxa and feeding times) may influence flyingfish feeding ecology by reducing interspecific competition. (C) 2013 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles
C1 [Van Noord, J. E.; Lewallen, E. A.; Pitman, R. L.] NOAA, Protected Resources Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Lewallen, E. A.] Univ Toronto Scarborough, Dept Biol Sci, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada.
RP Van Noord, JE (reprint author), Calif Wetfish Producers Assoc, POB 1951, Buellton, CA 93427 USA.
EM joel.van.noord@gmail.com
NR 56
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 18
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-1112
J9 J FISH BIOL
JI J. Fish Biol.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 83
IS 2
BP 326
EP 342
DI 10.1111/jfb.12173
PG 17
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 193GU
UT WOS:000322547900006
PM 23902309
ER
PT J
AU Liehr, GA
Heise, S
Ahlf, W
Offermann, K
Witt, G
AF Liehr, Gladys A.
Heise, Susanne
Ahlf, Wolfgang
Offermann, Kristen
Witt, Gesine
TI Assessing the risk of a 50-year-old dump site in the Baltic Sea by
combining chemical analysis, bioaccumulation, and ecotoxicity
SO JOURNAL OF SOILS AND SEDIMENTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Arctica islandica; Bioaccumulation; Bioassays; Marine sediment
contamination; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; FRESH-WATER SEDIMENTS; PROF. DR.
FORSTNER,ULRICH; CONTAMINATED SEDIMENTS; ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS; TOXICITY
ASSESSMENT; ELEMENTAL SULFUR; QUALITY TRIAD; OCEAN QUAHOG;
BIOAVAILABILITY
AB During the late 1950s and early 1960s, industrial waste material highly enriched with various contaminants (e.g., heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)) was dumped in the inner Bay of Mecklenburg, western Baltic Sea. Between 2002 and 2004, a research program was initiated using chemical analysis in combination with bioanalytical techniques to assess the extent and variability in contamination at this dump site (DS). The data were compared to a reference area (RS) with similar environmental conditions, which is representative of the western Baltic Sea.
Twelve PAHs were investigated to assess their ecological hazard, as they were identified as major pollutants in the dumped material. In addition to analyzing the actual PAH contamination status in the sediments, PAHs measured in the soft tissue of Arctica islandica were also used as an indicator of contaminant bioaccumulation. A biotest battery was applied to determine the toxic effects of contaminants in the sediment.
Significantly elevated PAH concentrations (sum of 12 PAHs) of similar to 3,000 ng g(-1) dw and higher bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) were determined in the soft body tissue of A. islandica collected at DS (t test, p = 0.025). The results also showed that the sediment PAH contamination was significantly higher at DS (1,952-5,466 ng g(-1) dw) than at RS (1,384-2,315 ng g(-1) dw). The results revealed a major heterogeneity in the PAH concentration at DS due to an attempt to cover the toxic material with clean clay. This resulted in a more heterogeneous distribution of the dump material rather than covering it up completely. However, not all relevant contaminants were included in this study, not only because it is too costly to determine them all but also because unidentified contaminants present at concentrations below the limit of detection cannot be measured. Bioassays were used to fill this gap in the hazard assessment in a cost-effective way by investigating the possible effects of sediment contamination on benthic organisms. The results showed a high variability and magnitude of growth and luminescence inhibition. Bacterial contact tests with marine organisms showed a high toxicity response (> 80 % inhibition) from DS sediments. In contrast, the luminescent bacteria test (Vibrio fischeri) showed equivalent effects of sediments from both DS and RS.
The spatial distribution of toxicity in DS, the bioaccumulation in mussels and the analytical evidence of PAH pollution clearly show that the dumped material still represents a potential risk even after 60 years.
C1 [Liehr, Gladys A.] NOAA, SEFSC, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Liehr, Gladys A.; Witt, Gesine] Leibniz Inst Balt Sea Res, D-18119 Rostock, Germany.
[Heise, Susanne; Ahlf, Wolfgang; Offermann, Kristen] Tech Univ Hamburg, D-21073 Hamburg, Germany.
RP Witt, G (reprint author), HAW Hamburg, Lohbrugger Kirchstr 65, D-21033 Hamburg, Germany.
EM gesine.witt@haw-hamburg.de
FU German Research Council (DFG) [WI 1410/2-1, WI 1410/7-1]
FX A considerable number of people have contributed to the work described
here. In particular, we would like to thank Astrid Lerz (IOW) for her
support and assistance during the sampling preparation and sediment
analysis. Thanks are also due to the crew of the research vessel for
their competent operation of the vessel and its equipment. The authors
express their thanks to Dr. Jim Bohnsack and Laura Petteway (NOAA/SEFSC)
for helpful suggestions and taking the time to check and correct our
written English. The support from the German Research Council (DFG)
project contract no. WI 1410/2-1 and WI 1410/7-1 is gratefully
acknowledged.
NR 53
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 5
U2 73
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1439-0108
EI 1614-7480
J9 J SOIL SEDIMENT
JI J. Soils Sediments
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 13
IS 7
BP 1270
EP 1283
DI 10.1007/s11368-013-0721-3
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture
GA 190WB
UT WOS:000322372200015
ER
PT J
AU Brida, G
Degiovanni, IP
Genovese, M
Migdall, A
Piacentini, F
Polyakov, SV
Traina, P
AF Brida, Giorgio
Degiovanni, Ivo P.
Genovese, Marco
Migdall, Alan
Piacentini, Fabrizio
Polyakov, Sergey V.
Traina, Paolo
TI Reply to Comment on "Experimental Test of an Event-Based Corpuscular
Model Modification as an Alternative to Quantum Mechanics"
SO JOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE foundations of quantum mechanics; event-based corpuscular model; quantum
interference
C1 [Brida, Giorgio; Degiovanni, Ivo P.; Genovese, Marco; Piacentini, Fabrizio; Traina, Paolo] INRIM, I-10135 Turin, Italy.
[Migdall, Alan; Polyakov, Sergey V.] Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Migdall, Alan; Polyakov, Sergey V.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Brida, G (reprint author), INRIM, Str Cacce 91, I-10135 Turin, Italy.
RI genovese, marco/D-4862-2013; Degiovanni, Ivo Pietro/F-2140-2013;
Piacentini, Fabrizio/N-6684-2015; Traina, Paolo/O-5418-2015
OI genovese, marco/0000-0001-9186-8849; Degiovanni, Ivo
Pietro/0000-0003-0332-3115; Piacentini, Fabrizio/0000-0002-8098-5692;
Traina, Paolo/0000-0003-3276-282X
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU PHYSICAL SOC JAPAN
PI TOKYO
PA YUSHIMA URBAN BUILDING 5F, 2-31-22 YUSHIMA, BUNKYO-KU, TOKYO, 113-0034,
JAPAN
SN 0031-9015
J9 J PHYS SOC JPN
JI J. Phys. Soc. Jpn.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 82
IS 8
AR 086002
DI 10.7566/JPSJ.82.086002
PG 1
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 190WS
UT WOS:000322374300050
ER
PT J
AU Martin, J
AF Martin, Joshua
TI Protocols for the high temperature measurement of the Seebeck
coefficient in thermoelectric materials
SO MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Seebeck coefficient; thermoelectric; metrology
ID SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; DIRECT CONTACT; ALLOYS
AB In Seebeck coefficient metrology, the present diversity in apparatus design, acquisition methodology and contact geometry has resulted in conflicting materials data that complicate the interlaboratory confirmation of reported high efficiency thermoelectric materials. To elucidate the influence of these factors in the measurement of the Seebeck coefficient at high temperature and to identify optimal metrology protocols, we measure the Seebeck coefficient as a function of contact geometry under both steady-state and transient thermal conditions of the differential method, using a custom developed apparatus capable of in situ comparative measurement. The thermal gradient formation and data acquisition methodology, under ideal conditions, have little effect on the measured Seebeck coefficient value. However, the off-axis 4-probe contact geometry, as compared to the 2-probe, results in a greater local temperature measurement error that increases with temperature. For surface temperature measurement, the dominant thermal errors arise from a parasitic heat flux that is dependent on the temperature difference between the sample and the external thermal environment, and on the various thermal resistances. Due to higher macroconstriction and contact resistance in the 4-probe arrangement, the measurement of surface temperature for this contact geometry exhibits greater error, thereby overestimating the Seebeck coefficient.
C1 NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Martin, J (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM joshua.martin@nist.gov
NR 32
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 3
U2 39
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0957-0233
EI 1361-6501
J9 MEAS SCI TECHNOL
JI Meas. Sci. Technol.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 24
IS 8
AR 085601
DI 10.1088/0957-0233/24/8/085601
PG 12
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 185CP
UT WOS:000321943100031
ER
PT J
AU Newell, DB
Liard, JO
Inglis, AD
Eckl, MC
Winester, D
Silliker, RJ
Gagnon, CGL
AF Newell, D. B.
Liard, J. O.
Inglis, A. D.
Eckl, M. C.
Winester, D.
Silliker, R. J.
Gagnon, C. G. L.
TI The possible contribution of gravity measurements to the difference
between the NIST and NRC watt balance results
SO METROLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
ID FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICAL CONSTANTS; CODATA RECOMMENDED VALUES; PLANCK
CONSTANT; ELECTRONIC KILOGRAM; REDEFINITION; GRAVIMETERS
AB We report on a 2012 comparison of gravity used to determine the Planck constant by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the National Research Council Canada (NRC) watt balances. The results provide verification of the gravity values used in recently published discrepant Planck constant determinations that play a vital role in the redefinition effort of the International System of Units (SI) and set an upper limit of 10 parts in 10(9) on the relative uncertainty contribution of gravity observations to future Planck constant determinations by the NIST and NRC watt balances.
C1 [Newell, D. B.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Inglis, A. D.] Natl Res Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada.
[Eckl, M. C.] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Winester, D.] NOAA, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Silliker, R. J.; Gagnon, C. G. L.] Nat Resources Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0E9, Canada.
RP Newell, DB (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM david.newell@nist.gov
NR 21
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 7
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0026-1394
J9 METROLOGIA
JI Metrologia
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 50
IS 4
BP 337
EP 344
DI 10.1088/0026-1394/50/4/337
PG 8
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 191ZO
UT WOS:000322453900005
ER
PT J
AU Moum, JN
Perlin, A
Nash, JD
McPhaden, MJ
AF Moum, James N.
Perlin, Alexander
Nash, Jonathan D.
McPhaden, Michael J.
TI Seasonal sea surface cooling in the equatorial Pacific cold tongue
controlled by ocean mixing
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Article
ID TROPICAL PACIFIC; ANNUAL CYCLE; SHEAR-FLOW; TEMPERATURE; TURBULENCE;
INSTABILITY; BALANCE; MODELS; BUDGET
AB Sea surface temperature (SST) is a critical control on the atmosphere(1), and numerical models of atmosphere-ocean circulation emphasize its accurate prediction. Yet many models demonstrate large, systematic biases in simulated SST in the equatorial 'cold tongues' (expansive regions of net heat uptake from the atmosphere) of the Atlantic(2) and Pacific(3) oceans, particularly with regard to a central but little-understood feature of tropical oceans: a strong seasonal cycle. The biases may be related to the inability of models to constrain turbulent mixing realistically(4), given that turbulent mixing, combined with seasonal variations in atmospheric heating, determines SST. In temperate oceans, the seasonal SST cycle is clearly related to varying solar heating(5); in the tropics, however, SSTs vary seasonally in the absence of similar variations in solar inputs(6). Turbulent mixing has long been a likely explanation, but firm, long-term observational evidence has been absent. Here we show the existence of a distinctive seasonal cycle of subsurface cooling via mixing in the equatorial Pacific cold tongue, using multi-year measurements of turbulence in the ocean. In boreal spring, SST rises by 2 kelvin when heating of the upper ocean by the atmosphere exceeds cooling by mixing from below. In boreal summer, SST decreases because cooling from below exceeds heating from above. When the effects of lateral advection are considered, the magnitude of summer cooling via mixing (4 kelvin per month) is equivalent to that required to counter the heating terms. These results provide quantitative assessment of how mixing varies on timescales longer than a few weeks, clearly showing its controlling influence on seasonal cooling of SST in a critical oceanic regime.
C1 [Moum, James N.; Perlin, Alexander; Nash, Jonathan D.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[McPhaden, Michael J.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Moum, JN (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM moum@coas.oregonstate.edu
RI Moum, James/A-1880-2012; McPhaden, Michael/D-9799-2016
FU National Science Foundation [0424133, 0728375, 1256620]
FX This work was funded by the National Science Foundation (grants 0424133,
0728375 and 1256620). We thank M. Neeley-Brown and R. Kreth, who were
primarily responsible for construction, testing and maintenance of
chi-pods, and P. Freitag and NOAA's PMEL mooring group, who helped us to
get started with these measurements. We also thank NOAA's NDBC group,
who have continued to deploy our chi-pods on TAO moorings. E. Shroyer,
S. de Szoeke, K. Benoit-Bird and D. Chelton provided comments on the
paper. This is PMEL contribution no. 3970. We dedicate this paper to the
memory of our colleague and co-author A. Perlin, who passed away during
final revisions, and to the memory of lab engineer R. Kreth.
NR 28
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 3
U2 58
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD AUG 1
PY 2013
VL 500
IS 7460
BP 64
EP 67
DI 10.1038/nature12363
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 192VK
UT WOS:000322514800028
PM 23883934
ER
PT J
AU Cole, GD
Zhang, W
Martin, MJ
Ye, J
Aspelmeyer, M
AF Cole, Garrett D.
Zhang, Wei
Martin, Michael J.
Ye, Jun
Aspelmeyer, Markus
TI Tenfold reduction of Brownian noise in high-reflectivity optical
coatings
SO NATURE PHOTONICS
LA English
DT Article
ID GRAVITATIONAL-WAVE DETECTORS; DIELECTRIC MIRROR COATINGS; MECHANICAL
LOSS; THERMAL-NOISE; LASER STABILIZATION; FREQUENCY COMB; CAVITY;
ANTENNAE; CLOCKS
AB Thermally induced fluctuations impose a fundamental limit on precision measurement. In optical interferometry, the current bounds of stability and sensitivity are dictated by the excess mechanical damping of the high-reflectivity coatings that comprise the cavity end mirrors. Over the last decade, the dissipation of these amorphous multilayer reflectors has at best been reduced by a factor of two. Here, we demonstrate a new paradigm in optical coating technology based on direct-bonded monocrystalline multilayers, which exhibit both intrinsically low mechanical loss and high optical quality. Employing these 'crystalline coatings' as end mirrors in a Fabry-Perot cavity, we obtain a finesse of 150,000. More importantly, at room temperature, we observe a thermally limited noise floor consistent with a tenfold reduction in mechanical damping when compared with the best dielectric multilayers. These results pave the way for the next generation of ultra-sensitive interferometers, as well as for new levels of laser stability.
C1 [Cole, Garrett D.; Aspelmeyer, Markus] Univ Vienna, Vienna Ctr Quantum Sci & Technol VCQ, Fac Phys, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
[Cole, Garrett D.] Crystalline Mirror Solut GmbH, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
[Zhang, Wei; Martin, Michael J.; Ye, Jun] NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Zhang, Wei; Martin, Michael J.; Ye, Jun] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Cole, GD (reprint author), Univ Vienna, Vienna Ctr Quantum Sci & Technol VCQ, Fac Phys, Waehringer Guertel 18, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
EM garrett.cole@univie.ac.at; ye@jila.colorado.edu;
markus.aspelmeyer@univie.ac.at
RI Ye, Jun/C-3312-2011; wei, zhang/G-4708-2012; Aspelmeyer,
Markus/C-4098-2017
OI wei, zhang/0000-0003-2065-2535; Aspelmeyer, Markus/0000-0003-4499-7335
FU Austrian Science Fund (FWF); European Commission; European Research
Council (ERC) Starting Grant Program; Austria Wirtschaftsservice GmbH
(AWS); ERC Proof of Concept Initiative; US National Institute of
Standards and Technology (NIST); DARPA QuASAR Program; US National
Science Foundation (NSF) Physics Frontier Center at JILA
FX The authors thank M. R. Abernathy, R. X. Adhikari, A. Alexandrovski, C.
Benko, T. Chalermsongsak, G. M. Harry, R. Lalezari, L-S. Ma, E. Murphy,
M. Notcutt, S. D. Penn, A. Peters, P. Ullmann and R. Yanka for
discussions and technical assistance. Work at the University of Vienna
is supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF), the European Commission
and the European Research Council (ERC) Starting Grant Program. The work
at CMS is supported by the Austria Wirtschaftsservice GmbH (AWS) and the
ERC Proof of Concept Initiative. Work at JILA is supported by the US
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), the DARPA QuASAR
Program, and the US National Science Foundation (NSF) Physics Frontier
Center at JILA. Microfabrication was carried out at the Center for
Micro- and Nanostructures (ZMNS) of the Vienna University of Technology.
NR 50
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U1 5
U2 51
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1749-4885
J9 NAT PHOTONICS
JI Nat. Photonics
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 7
IS 8
BP 644
EP 650
DI 10.1038/NPHOTON.2013.174
PG 7
WC Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Optics; Physics
GA 191YD
UT WOS:000322450200018
ER
PT J
AU Liu, HL
Wang, CZ
Lee, SK
Enfield, D
AF Liu, Hailong
Wang, Chunzai
Lee, Sang-Ki
Enfield, David
TI Atlantic Warm Pool Variability in the CMIP5 Simulations
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
DE Atlantic Ocean; Atmosphere-ocean interaction; Warm pool; Climate
variability; Climate models
ID 20TH-CENTURY CLIMATE SIMULATIONS; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODELS; TROPICAL
ATLANTIC; NORTH-ATLANTIC; HURRICANE ACTIVITY; COUPLED OCEAN; HEMISPHERE;
OSCILLATION; TEMPERATURES; MECHANISMS
AB This study investigates Atlantic warm pool (AWP) variability in the historical run of 19 coupled general circulation models (CGCMs) submitted to phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). As with the CGCMs in phase 3 (CMIP3), most models suffer from the cold SST bias in the AWP region and also show very weak AWP variability as represented by the AWP area index. However, for the seasonal cycle the AWP SST bias of model ensemble and model sensitivities are decreased compared with CMIP3, indicating that the CGCMs are improved. The origin of the cold SST bias in the AWP region remains unknown, but among the CGCMs in CMIP5 excess (insufficient) high-level cloud simulation decreases (enhances) the cold SST bias in the AWP region through the warming effect of the high-level cloud radiative forcing. Thus, the AWP SST bias in CMIP5 is more modulated by an erroneous radiation balance due to misrepresentation of high-level clouds rather than low-level clouds as in CMIP3. AWP variability is assessed as in the authors' previous study in the aspects of spectral analysis, interannual variability, multidecadal variability, and comparison of the remote connections with ENSO and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) against observations. In observations the maximum influences of the NAO and ENSO on the AWP take place in boreal spring. For some CGCMs these influences erroneously last to late summer. The effect of this overestimated remote forcing can be seen in the variability statistics as shown in the rotated EOF patterns from the models. It is concluded that the NCAR Community Climate System Model, version 4 (CCSM4), the Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) Model E, version 2, coupled with the Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) ocean model (GISS-E2H), and the GISS Model E, version 2, coupled with the Russell ocean model (GISS-E2R) are the best three models of CMIP5 in simulating AWP variability.
C1 [Liu, Hailong; Lee, Sang-Ki; Enfield, David] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL USA.
[Liu, Hailong; Wang, Chunzai; Lee, Sang-Ki; Enfield, David] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Liu, HL (reprint author), RSMAS CIMAS, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM hailong.liu@noaa.gov
RI Lee, Sang-Ki/A-5703-2011; Wang, Chunzai /C-9712-2009; Enfield,
David/I-2112-2013
OI Lee, Sang-Ki/0000-0002-4047-3545; Wang, Chunzai /0000-0002-7611-0308;
Enfield, David/0000-0001-8107-5079
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Climate Program
Office; National Science Foundation
FX We acknowledge the World Climate Research Programme's Working Group on
Coupled Modelling, which is responsible for CMIP, and we thank the
climate modeling groups (listed in Table 1 of this paper) for producing
and making available their model output. For CMIP the U.S. Department of
Energy's Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison
provides coordinating support and led development of software
infrastructure in partnership with the Global Organization for Earth
System Science Portals. We thank Gregory Foltz, Marlos Goes, Lei Zhou,
and three anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful comments and
suggestions. This work was supported by grants from the National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration's Climate Program Office and by grants
from the National Science Foundation.
NR 58
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 33
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 15
BP 5315
EP 5336
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00556.1
PG 22
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 190GP
UT WOS:000322327700002
ER
PT J
AU Vecchi, GA
Msadek, R
Anderson, W
Chang, YS
Delworth, T
Dixon, K
Gudgel, R
Rosati, A
Stern, B
Villarini, G
Wittenberg, A
Yang, X
Zeng, FR
Zhang, R
Zhang, SQ
AF Vecchi, Gabriel A.
Msadek, Rym
Anderson, Whit
Chang, You-Soon
Delworth, Thomas
Dixon, Keith
Gudgel, Rich
Rosati, Anthony
Stern, Bill
Villarini, Gabriele
Wittenberg, Andrew
Yang, Xiasong
Zeng, Fanrong
Zhang, Rong
Zhang, Shaoqing
TI Multiyear Predictions of North Atlantic Hurricane Frequency: Promise and
Limitations
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Review
DE Atlantic Ocean; Climate change; Climate prediction; Climate variability;
Hurricanes; typhoons; Multidecadal variability
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; CYCLONE POTENTIAL INTENSITY; GLOBAL ATMOSPHERIC
MODEL; DISSIPATION INDEX PDI; CLIMATE-CHANGE; MULTIMODEL-ENSEMBLE; POWER
DISSIPATION; DATA ASSIMILATION; EL-NINO; THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION
AB Retrospective predictions of multiyear North Atlantic Ocean hurricane frequency are explored by applying a hybrid statistical-dynamical forecast system to initialized and noninitialized multiyear forecasts of tropical Atlantic and tropical-mean sea surface temperatures (SSTs) from two global climate model forecast systems. By accounting for impacts of initialization and radiative forcing, retrospective predictions of 5- and 9-yr mean tropical Atlantic hurricane frequency show significant correlations relative to a null hypothesis of zero correlation. The retrospective correlations are increased in a two-model average forecast and by using a lagged-ensemble approach, with the two-model ensemble decadal forecasts of hurricane frequency over 1961-2011 yielding correlation coefficients that approach 0.9. These encouraging retrospective multiyear hurricane predictions, however, should be interpreted with care: although initialized forecasts have higher nominal skill than uninitialized ones, the relatively short record and large autocorrelation of the time series limits confidence in distinguishing between the skill caused by external forcing and that added by initialization. The nominal increase in correlation in the initialized forecasts relative to the uninitialized experiments is caused by improved representation of the multiyear tropical Atlantic SST anomalies. The skill in the initialized forecasts comes in large part from the persistence of a mid-1990s shift by the initialized forecasts, rather than from predicting its evolution. Predicting shifts like that observed in 1994/95 remains a critical issue for the success of multiyear forecasts of Atlantic hurricane frequency. The retrospective forecasts highlight the possibility that changes in observing system impact forecast performance.
C1 [Vecchi, Gabriel A.; Msadek, Rym; Anderson, Whit; Chang, You-Soon; Delworth, Thomas; Dixon, Keith; Gudgel, Rich; Rosati, Anthony; Stern, Bill; Wittenberg, Andrew; Yang, Xiasong; Zeng, Fanrong; Zhang, Rong; Zhang, Shaoqing] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08542 USA.
[Villarini, Gabriele] Univ Iowa, IIHR Hydrosci & Engn, Iowa City, IA USA.
RP Vecchi, GA (reprint author), NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, US Route 1,Forrestal Campus, Princeton, NJ 08542 USA.
EM gabriel.a.vecchi@noaa.gov
RI Vecchi, Gabriel/A-2413-2008; Yang, Xiaosong/C-7260-2009; Wittenberg,
Andrew/G-9619-2013; Delworth, Thomas/C-5191-2014; Zhang,
Rong/D-9767-2014; Msadek, Rym/C-7752-2014; Villarini,
Gabriele/F-8069-2016; Dixon, Keith/L-7120-2015
OI Vecchi, Gabriel/0000-0002-5085-224X; Yang, Xiaosong/0000-0003-3154-605X;
Wittenberg, Andrew/0000-0003-1680-8963; Zhang, Rong/0000-0002-8493-6556;
Msadek, Rym/0000-0003-0450-4815; Villarini,
Gabriele/0000-0001-9566-2370; Dixon, Keith/0000-0003-3044-326X
NR 118
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 1
U2 54
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 15
BP 5337
EP 5357
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00464.1
PG 21
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 190GP
UT WOS:000322327700003
ER
PT J
AU Xue, Y
Chen, MY
Kumar, A
Hu, ZZ
Wang, WQ
AF Xue, Yan
Chen, Mingyue
Kumar, Arun
Hu, Zeng-Zhen
Wang, Wanqiu
TI Prediction Skill and Bias of Tropical Pacific Sea Surface Temperatures
in the NCEP Climate Forecast System Version 2
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
DE El Nino; Climate prediction; Seasonal forecasting; Interannual
variability; Southern Oscillation
ID EL-NINO; OCEAN INITIALIZATION; SEASONAL FORECASTS; ENSO PREDICTION;
MODEL; TIME; VARIABILITY
AB The prediction skill and bias of tropical Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) in the retrospective forecasts of the Climate Forecast System, version 2 (CFSv2), of the National Centers for Environmental Prediction were examined. The CFSv2 was initialized from the Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) over 1982-2010. There was a systematic cold bias in the central-eastern equatorial Pacific during summer/fall. The cold bias in the Nino-3.4 index was about -2.5 degrees C in summer/fall before 1999 but suddenly changed to -1 degrees C around 1999, related to a sudden shift in the trade winds and equatorial subsurface temperature in the CFSR.The SST anomaly (SSTA) was computed by removing model climatology for the periods 1982-98 and 1999-2010 separately. The standard deviation (STD) of forecast SSTA agreed well with that of observations in 1982-98, but in 1999-2010 it was about 200% too strong in the eastern Pacific and 50% too weak near the date line during winter/spring. The shift in STD bias was partially related to change of ENSO characteristics: central Pacific (CP) El Ninos were more frequent than eastern Pacific (EP) El Ninos after 2000. The composites analysis shows that the CFSv2 had a tendency to delay the onset phase of the EP El Ninos in the 1980s and 1990s but predicted their decay phases well. In contrast, the CFSv2 predicted the onset phase of the CP El Ninos well but prolonged their decay phase. The hit rate for both El Nino and La Nina was lower in the later period than in the early period, and the false alarm for La Nina increased appreciably from the early to the later period.
C1 [Xue, Yan; Chen, Mingyue; Kumar, Arun; Hu, Zeng-Zhen; Wang, Wanqiu] NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Xue, Y (reprint author), NOAA, Ctr Weather & Climate Predict, 5830 Univ Res Court,Room 3005, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM yan.xue@noaa.gov
RI Hu, Zeng-Zhen/B-4373-2011
OI Hu, Zeng-Zhen/0000-0002-8485-3400
NR 40
TC 34
Z9 34
U1 2
U2 15
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 15
BP 5358
EP 5378
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00600.1
PG 21
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 190GP
UT WOS:000322327700004
ER
PT J
AU Lin, YL
Zhao, M
Ming, Y
Golaz, JC
Donner, LJ
Klein, SA
Ramaswamy, V
Xie, SC
AF Lin, Yanluan
Zhao, Ming
Ming, Yi
Golaz, Jean-Christophe
Donner, Leo J.
Klein, Stephen A.
Ramaswamy, V.
Xie, Shaocheng
TI Precipitation Partitioning, Tropical Clouds, and Intraseasonal
Variability in GFDL AM2
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
DE Climate models; Convective parameterization; Intraseasonal variability
ID MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODELS; STATIC ENERGY
BUDGET; LARGE-SCALE MODELS; CONVECTIVE PARAMETERIZATION;
ARAKAWA-SCHUBERT; ECMWF MODEL; ATMOSPHERE; FREQUENCY; WAVES
AB A set of Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) Atmospheric Model version 2 (AM2) sensitivity simulations by varying an entrainment threshold rate to control deep convection occurrence are used to investigate how cumulus parameterization impacts tropical cloud and precipitation characteristics. In the tropics, model convective precipitation (CP) is frequent and light, while large-scale precipitation (LSP) is intermittent and strong. With deep convection inhibited, CP decreases significantly over land and LSP increases prominently over ocean. This results in an overall redistribution of precipitation from land to ocean. A composite analysis reveals that cloud fraction (low and middle) and cloud condensate associated with LSP are substantially larger than those associated with CP. With about the same total precipitation and precipitation frequency distribution over the tropics, simulations having greater LSP fraction tend to have larger cloud condensate and low and middle cloud fraction.Simulations having a greater LSP fraction tend to be drier and colder in the upper troposphere. The induced unstable stratification supports strong transient wind perturbations and LSP. Greater LSP also contributes to greater intraseasonal (20-100 days) precipitation variability. Model LSP has a close connection to the low-level convergence via the resolved grid-scale dynamics and, thus, a close coupling with the surface heat flux. Such wind-evaporation feedback is essential to the development and maintenance of LSP and enhances model precipitation variability. LSP has stronger dependence and sensitivity on column moisture than CP. The moisture-convection feedback, critical to tropical intraseasonal variability, is enhanced in simulations with large LSP. Strong precipitation variability accompanied by a worse mean state implies that an optimal precipitation partitioning is critical to model tropical climate simulation.
C1 [Lin, Yanluan; Zhao, Ming] Univ Corp Atmospheric Res, Boulder, CO USA.
[Lin, Yanluan; Zhao, Ming; Ming, Yi; Golaz, Jean-Christophe; Donner, Leo J.; Ramaswamy, V.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Klein, Stephen A.; Xie, Shaocheng] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA.
RP Lin, YL (reprint author), Princeton Univ, NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Forrestal Campus,POB 308, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM yanluan.lin@noaa.gov
RI Ming, Yi/F-3023-2012; Golaz, Jean-Christophe/D-5007-2014; lin,
yanluan/A-6333-2015; Xie, Shaocheng/D-2207-2013; Zhao, Ming/C-6928-2014;
Klein, Stephen/H-4337-2016
OI Golaz, Jean-Christophe/0000-0003-1616-5435; Xie,
Shaocheng/0000-0001-8931-5145; Klein, Stephen/0000-0002-5476-858X
FU Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of Energy; Office of Science at
the U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Department of Energy by the Lawrence
Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX This research is supported by the Office of Science (BER), U.S.
Department of Energy (Lin). Support for S. A. Klein and S. Xie was
provided by the Atmospheric System Research and Regional and Global
Climate Modeling Programs of the Office of Science at the U.S.
Department of Energy. Their contribution to this work was performed
under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by the Lawrence
Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. We are
grateful to Dr. Waliser for providing us with the ice retrievals from
CloudSat. We thank Hiram Levy II and Huan Guo for their comments on the
manuscript. We also acknowledge the three anonymous reviewers for their
constructive comments, which significantly improved the organization and
clarity of the paper.
NR 53
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 10
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 15
BP 5453
EP 5466
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00442.1
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 190GP
UT WOS:000322327700009
ER
PT J
AU Song, H
Lin, WY
Lin, YL
Wolf, AB
Neggers, R
Donner, LJ
Del Genio, AD
Liu, YG
AF Song, Hua
Lin, Wuyin
Lin, Yanluan
Wolf, Audrey B.
Neggers, Roel
Donner, Leo J.
Del Genio, Anthony D.
Liu, Yangang
TI Evaluation of Precipitation Simulated by Seven SCMs against the ARM
Observations at the SGP Site
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
DE Model comparison; Model evaluation; performance; Single column models
ID SINGLE-COLUMN MODEL; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODELS; LARGE-SCALE MODELS;
COMMUNITY ATMOSPHERE MODEL; DIURNAL CYCLE; CUMULUS PARAMETERIZATION;
CONVECTIVE PRECIPITATION; CLIMATE SIMULATIONS; MOIST CONVECTION;
GREAT-PLAINS
AB This study evaluates the performances of seven single-column models (SCMs) by comparing simulated surface precipitation with observations at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program Southern Great Plains (SGP) site from January 1999 to December 2001. Results show that although most SCMs can reproduce the observed precipitation reasonably well, there are significant and interesting differences in their details. In the cold season, the model-observation differences in the frequency and mean intensity of rain events tend to compensate each other for most SCMs. In the warm season, most SCMs produce more rain events in daytime than in nighttime, whereas the observations have more rain events in nighttime. The mean intensities of rain events in these SCMs are much stronger in daytime, but weaker in nighttime, than the observations. The higher frequency of rain events during warm-season daytime in most SCMs is related to the fact that most SCMs produce a spurious precipitation peak around the regime of weak vertical motions but rich in moisture content. The models also show distinct biases between nighttime and daytime in simulating significant rain events. In nighttime, all the SCMs have a lower frequency of moderate-to-strong rain events than the observations for both seasons. In daytime, most SCMs have a higher frequency of moderate-to-strong rain events than the observations, especially in the warm season. Further analysis reveals distinct meteorological backgrounds for large underestimation and overestimation events. The former occur in the strong ascending regimes with negative low-level horizontal heat and moisture advection, whereas the latter occur in the weak or moderate ascending regimes with positive low-level horizontal heat and moisture advection.
C1 [Song, Hua; Lin, Wuyin; Lin, Yanluan; Liu, Yangang] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Lin, Yanluan; Donner, Leo J.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Wolf, Audrey B.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA.
[Neggers, Roel] Royal Netherlands Meteorol Inst, NL-3730 AE De Bilt, Netherlands.
[Del Genio, Anthony D.] NASA Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY USA.
RP Song, H (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Div Atmospher Sci, 75 Rutherford Dr,Bldg 815E, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
EM hsong@bnl.gov
RI Liu, Yangang/H-6154-2011; lin, yanluan/A-6333-2015
FU U.S. Department of Energy Earth System Modeling (ESM) program
FX This work is part of the FASTER project (http://www.bnl.gov/faster/)
supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Earth System Modeling (ESM)
program. The authors thank the two anonymous reviewers for their
constructive comments. The first author also would like to express her
sincere gratitude to her former advisor Dr. Minghua Zhang for his
incessant support and encouragement throughout her research.
NR 60
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 16
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 15
BP 5467
EP 5492
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00263.1
PG 26
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 190GP
UT WOS:000322327700010
ER
PT J
AU Kapnick, SB
Delworth, TL
AF Kapnick, Sarah B.
Delworth, Thomas L.
TI Controls of Global Snow under a Changed Climate
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
DE Climate change; Climate variability; Hydrologic cycle; Climate models;
General circulation models; Reanalysis data
ID DATA ASSIMILATION SYSTEM; WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; UNITED-STATES; MOUNTAIN
SNOWPACK; WATER EQUIVALENT; SURFACE ALBEDO; PART I; MODEL; SIMULATIONS;
COVER
AB This study assesses the ability of a newly developed high-resolution coupled model from the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory to simulate the cold-season hydroclimate in the present climate and examines its response to climate change forcing. Output is assessed from a 280-yr control simulation that is based on 1990 atmospheric composition and an idealized 140-yr future simulation in which atmospheric carbon dioxide increases at 1% yr(-1) until doubling in year 70 and then remains constant. When compared with a low-resolution model, the high-resolution model is found to better represent the geographic distribution of snow variables in the present climate. In response to idealized radiative forcing changes, both models produce similar global-scale responses in which global-mean temperature and total precipitation increase while snowfall decreases. Zonally, snowfall tends to decrease in the low to midlatitudes and increase in the mid- to high latitudes. At the regional scale, the high- and low-resolution models sometimes diverge in the sign of projected snowfall changes; the high-resolution model exhibits future increases in a few select high-altitude regions, notably the northwestern Himalaya region and small regions in the Andes and southwestern Yukon, Canada. Despite such local signals, there is an almost universal reduction in snowfall as a percent of total precipitation in both models. By using a simple multivariate model, temperature is shown to drive these trends by decreasing snowfall almost everywhere while precipitation increases snowfall in the high altitudes and mid- to high latitudes. Mountainous regions of snowfall increases in the high-resolution model exhibit a unique dominance of the positive contribution from precipitation over temperature.
C1 [Kapnick, Sarah B.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08542 USA.
[Kapnick, Sarah B.; Delworth, Thomas L.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
RP Kapnick, SB (reprint author), Princeton Univ, NOAA, GFDL, POB 308, Princeton, NJ 08542 USA.
EM skapnick@princeton.edu
RI Delworth, Thomas/C-5191-2014; Kapnick, Sarah/C-5209-2014
OI Kapnick, Sarah/0000-0003-0979-3070
NR 55
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 1
U2 58
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 15
BP 5537
EP 5562
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00528.1
PG 26
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 190GP
UT WOS:000322327700014
ER
PT J
AU Kumar, A
Chen, MY
Wang, WQ
AF Kumar, Arun
Chen, Mingyue
Wang, Wanqiu
TI Understanding Prediction Skill of Seasonal Mean Precipitation over the
Tropics
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
DE ENSO; Climate prediction; Seasonal forecasting; Interannual variability
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; CLIMATE VARIABILITY; ATMOSPHERIC BRIDGE; MODEL
SIMULATIONS; ENSO; TELECONNECTIONS; OCEAN
AB The connection between the local SST and precipitation (SST-P) correlation and the prediction skill of precipitation on a seasonal time scale is investigated based on seasonal hindcasts from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Climate Forecast System version 2 (CFSv2). The results demonstrate that there is good correspondence between the two: precipitation skill is generally high only over the regions where SST-P correlation is positive and is low where SST-P correlation is small or weakly negative. This result has fundamental implications for understanding the limits of precipitation predictability on seasonal time scale and helps explain spatial variations in the skill of seasonal mean precipitation. Over the regions where atmospheric variability drives the ocean variability (and consequently the local SST-P correlation is weakly negative), the inherently unpredictable nature of atmospheric variability leads to low predictability for seasonal precipitation. On the other hand, over the regions where slow time scale ocean variability drives the atmosphere (and the local SST-P correlation is large positive), the predictability of seasonal mean precipitation is also high.
C1 [Kumar, Arun; Chen, Mingyue; Wang, Wanqiu] Natl Ctr Environm Predict, Climate Predict Ctr, College Pk, MD USA.
RP Chen, MY (reprint author), NOAA, Ctr Weather & Climate Predict, Room 3011,5830 Univ Res Court, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM mingyue.chen@noaa.gov
NR 23
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 15
BP 5674
EP 5681
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00731.1
PG 8
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 190GP
UT WOS:000322327700022
ER
PT J
AU Chen, ZY
Yan, XH
Jiang, YW
Jiang, LD
Jo, YH
AF Chen, Zhaoyun
Yan, Xiao-Hai
Jiang, Yuwu
Jiang, Lide
Jo, Young-Heon
TI A study of cross-shore maximum upwelling intensity along the Northwest
Africa coast
SO JOURNAL OF OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Northwest Africa upwelling; Sea surface temperature; Minimum SST;
Analytical model; Cross-shore wind
ID EKMANS THEORY; MECHANISM; ATLANTIC; SYSTEM; BANK
AB Satellite images of sea surface temperature (SST) show that the location of cross-shore SST minimum (LCSM) stretches along the isobaths in the Northwest Africa Upwelling System. To understand and interpret these observations better, we set up a two-dimensional analytical model that takes into account the surface and bottom Ekman transport and the alongshore geostrophic current, as well as bottom friction and variations in bottom topography. The structure of vertical velocity with a realistic topography clearly illustrates the variations of SST drop in a sample cross-shore section. Some idealized theoretical model experiments are carried out to examine the effects of eddy viscosity, Coriolis force, and cross-shore wind on the location of the cross-shore maximum upwelling intensity. The results show that the cross-shore wind largely impacts on the location where the coldest water outcrops to the surface through an adjustment of the cross-shore pressure gradient. This is also verified by the remotely sensed data, which indicate that the maximum correlation coefficient between cross-shore wind stress and the depth of LCSM is -0.65 with a lag of approximately 1 day.
C1 [Chen, Zhaoyun; Yan, Xiao-Hai; Jiang, Yuwu] Xiamen Univ, State Key Lab Marine Environm Sci, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China.
[Chen, Zhaoyun; Yan, Xiao-Hai; Jo, Young-Heon] Univ Delaware, Ctr Remote Sensing, Coll Earth Ocean & Environm, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Jiang, Lide] NOAA Sci Ctr, NOAA NESDIS STAR, E RA3, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
RP Jiang, YW (reprint author), Xiamen Univ, State Key Lab Marine Environm Sci, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China.
EM ywjiang@xmu.edu.cn
RI jiang, Yuwu/B-8208-2012; HUANG, Shuiying/C-3117-2014; Jiang,
Lide/G-2041-2010
OI Jiang, Lide/0000-0002-9883-4411
FU Natural Science Foundation of China [41076001]; Fundamental Research
Funds for the Central Universities of China [2010121029]
FX This study was originally inspired by the work of Estrade et al. (2008).
This research was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China
(grant no. 41076001) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central
Universities (grant no. 2010121029) of China. We also thank Federico
Ienna for editorial assistance with our English, and the two anonymous
reviewers for helpful comments on the manuscript.
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 14
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0916-8370
EI 1573-868X
J9 J OCEANOGR
JI J. Oceanogr.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 69
IS 4
BP 443
EP 450
DI 10.1007/s10872-013-0185-5
PG 8
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 186AJ
UT WOS:000322013300006
ER
PT J
AU Sakulich, AR
Bentz, DP
AF Sakulich, A. R.
Bentz, D. P.
TI Mitigation of autogenous shrinkage in alkali activated slag mortars by
internal curing
SO MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
LA English
DT Article
DE Slag; Shrinkage; Alkali activation; Internal curing
ID MICROSTRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION; FINE AGGREGATE; CONCRETE; TECHNOLOGY;
HYDRATION; PASTE; NUCLEATION; RESISTANCE; STRENGTH; CEMENTS
AB Alkali activated slag shows considerable promise as an environmentally friendly alternative to binders produced from ordinary portland cement. The shrinkage behavior of alkali activated slags, however, is not well understood, and is a hurdle to widespread adoption. The use of pre-wetted lightweight aggregate-based internal curing to mitigate shrinkage in slags activated by Na2CO3 solution or waterglass/NaOH solution has been investigated. Chemical shrinkage measurements were used to determine the amount of additional curing water needed by the mixtures, and autogenous and total shrinkage measurements used to determine the effects of internal curing on the overall shrinkage of the systems. Internal curing can completely mitigate autogenous shrinkage; however, in the systems examined here, drying shrinkage was the dominant shrinkage factor. In such a case, the benefits of internal curing are most clearly observed during the first 7 days.
C1 [Sakulich, A. R.; Bentz, D. P.] NIST, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Sakulich, AR (reprint author), NIST, Engn Lab, Stop 7313, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM a.sakulich@gmail.com; dale.bentz@nist.gov
RI Sakulich, Aaron/G-6010-2014;
OI Sakulich, Aaron/0000-0002-6796-4045
FU National Research Council
FX This research was supported by a grant from the National Research
Council's Research Associateship Program. The authors would like to
thank Big River Industries, Holcim US Inc., and PQ Corporation for
providing samples.
NR 50
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 3
U2 48
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1359-5997
EI 1871-6873
J9 MATER STRUCT
JI Mater. Struct.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 46
IS 8
BP 1355
EP 1367
DI 10.1617/s11527-012-9978-z
PG 13
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Materials Science
GA 192OF
UT WOS:000322493800011
ER
PT J
AU Avila, LA
Stewart, SR
AF Avila, Lixion A.
Stewart, Stacy R.
TI ANNUAL WEATHER SUMMARY Atlantic Hurricane Season of 2011
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
DE Forecasting
ID FORECASTS
AB The 2011 Atlantic season was marked by above-average tropical cyclone activity with the formation of 19 tropical storms. Seven of the storms became hurricanes and four became major hurricanes (category 3 or higher on the Saffir-Simpson hurricane wind scale). The numbers of tropical storms and hurricanes were above the long-term averages of 12 named storms, 6 hurricanes, and 3 major hurricanes. Despite the high level of activity, Irene was the only hurricane to hit land in 2011, striking both the Bahamas and the United States. Other storms, however, affected the United States, eastern Canada, Central America, eastern Mexico, and the northeastern Caribbean Sea islands. The death toll from the 2011 Atlantic tropical cyclones is 80. National Hurricane Center mean official track forecast errors in 2011 were smaller than the previous 5-yr means at all forecast times except 120 h. In addition, the official track forecast errors set records for accuracy at the 24-, 36-, 48-, and 72-h forecast times. The mean intensity forecast errors in 2011 ranged from about 6 kt (similar to 3 m s(-1)) at 12 h to about 17 kt (similar to 9 m s(-1)) at 72 and 120 h. These errors were below the 5-yr means at all forecast times.
C1 [Avila, Lixion A.; Stewart, Stacy R.] NOAA, NWS, NCEP, Natl Hurricane Ctr, Miami, FL 33165 USA.
RP Avila, LA (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Hurricane Ctr, 11691 SW 17th St, Miami, FL 33165 USA.
EM lixion.a.avila@noaa.gov
NR 20
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 13
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 141
IS 8
BP 2577
EP 2596
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-12-00230.1
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 188VR
UT WOS:000322225200001
ER
PT J
AU Knapp, KR
Knaff, JA
Sampson, CR
Riggio, GM
Schnapp, AD
AF Knapp, Kenneth R.
Knaff, John A.
Sampson, Charles R.
Riggio, Gustavo M.
Schnapp, Adam D.
TI A Pressure-Based Analysis of the Historical Western North Pacific
Tropical Cyclone Intensity Record
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
DE Hurricanes; typhoons; Data quality control; Databases
ID SEA-LEVEL PRESSURE; AIRCRAFT RECONNAISSANCE; DATASETS; TYPHOON; TRENDS
AB The western North Pacific Ocean is the most active tropical cyclone (TC) basin. However, recent studies are not conclusive on whether the TC activity is increasing or decreasing, at least when calculations are based on maximum sustained winds. For this study, TC minimum central pressure data are analyzed in an effort to better understand historical typhoons. Best-track pressure reports are compared with aircraft reconnaissance observations; little bias is observed. An analysis of wind and pressure relationships suggests changes in data and practices at numerous agencies over the historical record. New estimates of maximum sustained winds are calculated using recent wind-pressure relationships and parameters from International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship (IBTrACS) data. The result suggests potential reclassification of numerous typhoons based on these pressure-based lifetime maximum intensities. Historical documentation supports these new intensities in many cases. In short, wind reports in older best-track data are likely of low quality. The annual activity based on pressure estimates is found to be consistent with aircraft reconnaissance and between agencies; however, reconnaissance ended in the western Pacific in 1987. Since then, interagency differences in maximum wind estimates noted here and by others also exist in the minimum central pressure reports. Reconciling these recent interagency differences is further exasperated by the lack of adequate ground truth. This study suggests efforts to intercalibrate the interagency intensity estimate methods. Conducting an independent and homogeneous reanalysis of past typhoon activity is likely necessary to resolve the remaining discrepancies in typhoon intensity records.
C1 [Knapp, Kenneth R.] NOAA, Natl Climat Data Ctr, Asheville, NC USA.
[Knaff, John A.] NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Ft Collins, CO USA.
[Sampson, Charles R.] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA.
[Riggio, Gustavo M.; Schnapp, Adam D.] Univ N Carolina, Asheville, NC 28804 USA.
RP Knapp, KR (reprint author), 151 Patton Ave, Asheville, NC 28801 USA.
EM ken.knapp@noaa.gov
RI Knaff, John /F-5599-2010; Knapp, Kenneth/E-9817-2011
OI Knaff, John /0000-0003-0427-1409;
NR 55
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 18
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 141
IS 8
BP 2611
EP 2631
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-12-00323.1
PG 21
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 188VR
UT WOS:000322225200003
ER
PT J
AU Ge, GQ
Gao, JD
Xue, M
AF Ge, Guoqing
Gao, Jidong
Xue, Ming
TI Impacts of Assimilating Measurements of Different State Variables with a
Simulated Supercell Storm and Three-Dimensional Variational Method
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
DE Variational analysis; Data assimilation
ID ENSEMBLE KALMAN FILTER; MESOSCALE CONVECTIVE SYSTEM; NONHYDROSTATIC
ATMOSPHERIC SIMULATION; NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION; SINGLE-DOPPLER
OBSERVATIONS; WATER-VAPOR OBSERVATIONS; MODEL INITIAL FIELDS; WSR-88D
RADAR DATA; LEVEL-II DATA; PART II
AB This paper investigates the impacts of assimilating measurements of different state variables, which can be potentially available from various observational platforms, on the cycled analysis and short-range forecast of supercell thunderstorms by performing a set of observing system simulation experiments (OSSEs) using a storm-scale three-dimensional variational data assimilation (3DVAR) method. The control experiments assimilate measurements every 5 min for 90 min. It is found that the assimilation of horizontal wind can reconstruct the storm structure rather accurately. The assimilation of vertical velocity , potential temperature , or water vapor can partially rebuild the thermodynamic and precipitation fields but poorly retrieves the wind fields. The assimilation of rainwater mixing ratio can build up the precipitation fields together with a reasonable cold pool but is unable to properly recover the wind fields. Overall, data have the greatest impact, while have the second largest impact. The impact of is the smallest. The impact of assimilation frequency is examined by comparing results using 1-, 5-, or 10-min assimilation intervals. When is assimilated every 5 or 10 min, the analysis quality can be further improved by the incorporation of additional types of observations. When are assimilated every minute, the benefit from additional types of observations is negligible, except for . It is also found that for , , and measurements, more frequent assimilation leads to more accurate analyses. For and , a 1-min assimilation interval does not produce a better analysis than a 5-min interval.
C1 [Ge, Guoqing; Xue, Ming] Univ Oklahoma, Ctr Anal & Predict Storms, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Gao, Jidong] Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Xue, Ming] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
RP Ge, GQ (reprint author), Ctr Anal & Predict Storms, Suite 2500,120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM geguoqing@ou.edu
RI Xue, Ming/F-8073-2011; Ge, Guoqing/J-3067-2015
OI Xue, Ming/0000-0003-1976-3238; Ge, Guoqing/0000-0002-9934-0608
FU NSF [ATM-0738370, ATM-0802888, OCI-0905040, AGS-0941491, AGS-1046171,
AGS-1046081]; NOAA's Warn-on-Forecast project; National 973 Fundamental
Research Program of China [2013CB430103]
FX This research was supported by NSF Grants ATM-0738370, ATM-0802888, and
NOAA's Warn-on-Forecast project. Computations were performed at the
Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center (PSC) and Oklahoma Supercomputing
Center for Research and Education (OSCER). The third author acknowledges
the support of NSF Grants OCI-0905040, AGS-0941491, AGS-1046171, and
AGS-1046081, and National 973 Fundamental Research Program of China
(2013CB430103). The authors also thank Dr. Nathan Snook for
proof-reading the manuscript. Thoughtful comments from two anonymous
reviewers and Editor Dr. Fuqing Zhang significantly improved this paper.
NR 39
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 7
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 141
IS 8
BP 2759
EP 2777
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-12-00193.1
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 188VR
UT WOS:000322225200011
ER
PT J
AU Schumacher, RS
Clark, AJ
Xue, M
Kong, FY
AF Schumacher, Russ S.
Clark, Adam J.
Xue, Ming
Kong, Fanyou
TI Factors Influencing the Development and Maintenance of Nocturnal
Heavy-Rain-Producing Convective Systems in a Storm-Scale Ensemble
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
DE Flood events; Precipitation; Convective-scale processes; Mesoscale
processes; Ensembles; Mesoscale forecasting
ID LIVED MESOCONVECTIVE VORTICES; WARM-CORE VORTEX; WRF MODEL; PART I;
QUANTITATIVE PRECIPITATION; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; REGIONAL PREDICTION;
INITIAL-CONDITION; SPRING EXPERIMENT; EXTREME RAINFALL
AB From 9 to 11 June 2010, a mesoscale convective vortex (MCV) was associated with several periods of heavy rainfall that led to flash flooding. During the overnight hours, mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) developed that moved slowly and produced heavy rainfall over small areas in south-central Texas on 9 June, north Texas on 10 June, and western Arkansas on 11 June. In this study, forecasts of this event from the Center for the Analysis and Prediction of Storms' Storm-Scale Ensemble Forecast system are examined. This ensemble, with 26 members at 4-km horizontal grid spacing, included a few members that very accurately predicted the development, maintenance, and evolution of the heavy-rain-producing MCSs, along with a majority of members that had substantial errors in their precipitation forecasts. The processes favorable for the initiation, organization, and maintenance of these heavy-rain-producing MCSs are diagnosed by comparing ensemble members with accurate and inaccurate forecasts. Even within a synoptic environment known to be conducive to extreme local rainfall, there was considerable spread in the ensemble's rainfall predictions. Because all ensemble members included an anomalously moist environment, the precipitation predictions were insensitive to the atmospheric moisture. However, the development of heavy precipitation overnight was very sensitive to the intensity and evolution of convection the previous day. Convective influences on the strength of the MCV and its associated dome of cold air at low levels determined whether subsequent deep convection was initiated and maintained. In all, this ensemble provides quantitative and qualitative information about the mesoscale processes that are most favorable (or unfavorable) for localized extreme rainfall.
C1 [Schumacher, Russ S.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, College Stn, TX USA.
[Schumacher, Russ S.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Clark, Adam J.] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Clark, Adam J.] NOAA OAR, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK USA.
[Xue, Ming; Kong, Fanyou] Univ Oklahoma, Ctr Anal & Predict Storms, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
RP Schumacher, RS (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM russ.schumacher@colostate.edu
RI Xue, Ming/F-8073-2011; Schumacher, Russ/A-9979-2009
OI Xue, Ming/0000-0003-1976-3238; Schumacher, Russ/0000-0002-4404-3104
FU NOAA CSTAR Program; NSF [AGS-0802888]; National Science Foundation
[AGS-0954908, AGS-1157425]
FX The authors thank the NSSL NMQ for providing radar reflectivity mosaic
images, to NCAR for providing archived stage IV precipitation data, and
to UCAR/COSMIC for providing the GPS PW observations. The authors also
thank Drs. Michael Coniglio (NSSL) and David Novak (HPC) for helpful
discussions regarding this work. The constructive reviews from Dr.
Thomas Galarneau and an anonymous reviewer, and editorial advice from
Dr. Ron McTaggart-Cowan, helped to improve the manuscript considerably.
CAPS SSEF forecasts were supported by the NOAA CSTAR Program with
supplementary support from NSF Grant AGS-0802888. The forecasts were
produced on a Cray XT4 at the National Institute for Computational
Science operated under the support of the National Science Foundation.
R. Schumacher was supported by National Science Foundation Grants
AGS-0954908 and AGS-1157425. M. Xue was supported by NSF Grants
OCI-0905040, AGS-0941491, AGS-1046171, and AGS-1046081. Kevin Thomas,
Yunheng Wang, Keith Brewster, Jidong Gao, and other scientists at CAPS
contributed to the production of the 2010 CAPS SSEF forecasts. Finally,
the authors express their gratitude to all of those responsible for
organizing, running, and participating in the HWT Spring Forecast
Experiment.
NR 75
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 3
U2 13
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 141
IS 8
BP 2778
EP 2801
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-12-00239.1
PG 24
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 188VR
UT WOS:000322225200012
ER
PT J
AU Mensa, JA
Garraffo, Z
Griffa, A
Ozgokmen, TM
Haza, A
Veneziani, M
AF Mensa, Jean Alberto
Garraffo, Zulema
Griffa, Annalisa
Oezgoekmen, Tamay Mehmet
Haza, Angelique
Veneziani, Milena
TI Seasonality of the submesoscale dynamics in the Gulf Stream region
SO OCEAN DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Submesoscale; Seasonality; Frontogenesis; Mixed layer instabilities;
Ageostrophic dynamics; Gulf Stream; HYCOM; Multi-scale
ID MIXED-LAYER INSTABILITIES; CALIFORNIA CURRENT SYSTEM; OCEAN MODEL HYCOM;
GEOSTROPHIC BAROCLINIC STABILITY; AIR-SEA FLUXES; NORTH-ATLANTIC;
NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; VERTICAL COORDINATE; GRAND-BANKS; PART II
AB Frontogenesis and frontal instabilities in the mixed layer are known to be important processes in the formation of submesoscale features. We study the seasonality of such processes in the Gulf Stream (GS) region. To approach this problem, a realistic simulation with the Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model is integrated for 18 months at two horizontal resolutions: a high-resolution (1/48A degrees) simulation able to resolve part of the submesoscale regime and the full range of mesoscale dynamics, and a coarser resolution (1/12A degrees) case, in which submesoscales are not resolved. Results provide an insight into submesoscale dynamics in the complex GS region. A clear seasonal cycle is observed, with submesoscale features mostly present during winter. The submesoscale field is quantitatively characterized in terms of deviation from geostrophy and 2D dynamics. The limiting and controlling factor in the occurrence of submesoscales appears to be the depth of the mixed layer, which controls the reservoir of available potential energy available at the mesoscale fronts that are present most of the year. Atmospheric forcings are the main energy source behind submesoscale formation, but mostly indirectly through mixed layer deepening. The mixed layer instability scaling suggested in the (Fox-Kemper et al., J Phys Oceanogr 38:1145-1165, 2008) parametrization appears to hold, indicating that the parametrization is appropriate even in this complex and mesoscale dominated area.
C1 [Mensa, Jean Alberto; Griffa, Annalisa; Oezgoekmen, Tamay Mehmet; Haza, Angelique] Univ Miami, RSMAS, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Garraffo, Zulema] NOAA, IMSG, EMC, NCWCP, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Griffa, Annalisa] UOS Pozzuolo di Lerici SP, CNR, ISMAR, I-10932 Lerici, La Spezia, Italy.
[Veneziani, Milena] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Fluid Dynam & Solid Mech MSB216 T3, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Mensa, JA (reprint author), Univ Miami, RSMAS, 4600 Rickenbacker Csw, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM jmensa@rsmas.miami.edu
RI CNR, Ismar/P-1247-2014
OI CNR, Ismar/0000-0001-5351-1486
FU National Science Foundation [OCE-0850714, OCE-0850690]; Office of Naval
Research [N00014-09-1-0267, DMS-1025323]; ONR under the
Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative on Dynamical Systems
Theory Ocean 3D + 1 [N00014-11-1-0087]
FX We greatly appreciate the support of the National Science Foundation via
grant OCE-0850714 and grant OCE-0850690 the Office of Naval Research via
grant N00014-09-1-0267 and DMS-1025323. This research was also supported
by the ONR grant N00014-11-1-0087 under the Multidisciplinary University
Research Initiative on Dynamical Systems Theory Ocean 3D + 1.
Discussions with ONR Lateral Mixing Group were most appreciated. We
thank the computing center of the University of Miami
(http://ccs.miami.edu/hpc/) Yeon Chang, Gustavo Mastrorocco Marques and
the ISMAR-CNR in Lerici (SP, Italy) for the support.
NR 84
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 2
U2 25
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1616-7341
EI 1616-7228
J9 OCEAN DYNAM
JI Ocean Dyn.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 63
IS 8
BP 923
EP 941
DI 10.1007/s10236-013-0633-1
PG 19
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 191GE
UT WOS:000322400300004
ER
PT J
AU Hegg, JC
Kennedy, BP
Chittaro, PM
Zabel, RW
AF Hegg, Jens C.
Kennedy, Brian P.
Chittaro, Paul M.
Zabel, Richard W.
TI Spatial structuring of an evolving life-history strategy under altered
environmental conditions
SO OECOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Phenotypic plasticity; Local adaptation; Chinook salmon; Juvenile
migration; Otolith microchemistry
ID FALL CHINOOK SALMON; PACIFIC SALMON; SNAKE RIVER; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY;
COLUMBIA RIVER; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; EVOLUTIONARY
HISTORY; STABLE-CARBON; SR ISOTOPES
AB Human disturbances to ecosystems have created challenges to populations worldwide, forcing them to respond phenotypically in ways that increase their fitness under current conditions. One approach to examining population responses to disturbance in species with complex life histories is to study species that exhibit spatial patterns in their phenotypic response across populations or demes. In this study, we investigate a threatened population of fall chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in the Snake River of Idaho, in which a significant fraction of the juvenile population have been shown to exhibit a yearling out-migration strategy which had not previously been thought to exist. It has been suggested that dam-related environmental changes may have altered the selective pressures experienced by out-migrating fall chinook, driving evolution of a later and more selectively advantageous migration strategy. Using isotopic analysis of otoliths from returning adult spawners, we reconstructed the locations of individual fish at three major juvenile life stages to determine if the representation of the yearling life history was geographically structured within the population. We reconstructed juvenile locations for natal, rearing and overwintering life stages in each of the major spawning areas in the basin. Our results indicate that the yearling life-history strategy is predominantly represented within one of the main spawning regions, the Clearwater River, rather than being distributed throughout the basin. Previous studies have shown the Clearwater River to have cooler temperatures, later hatch dates, and later outmigration of juveniles, indicating a link between environment and expression of the yearling life history. Our data suggest that this new yearling life history may be disproportionally represented in returning adult spawners, indicating selection for this life history within the population.
C1 [Hegg, Jens C.; Kennedy, Brian P.] Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Kennedy, Brian P.] Univ Idaho, Dept Biol Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Kennedy, Brian P.] Univ Idaho, Dept Geol Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Chittaro, Paul M.; Zabel, Richard W.] NOAA, Fish Ecol Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Hegg, JC (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
EM hegg1432@vandals.uidaho.edu
OI Hegg, Jens/0000-0003-0125-9287
FU USACE; NMFS - NWFSC; NSF GK-12 award [0841199]; NSF Idaho EPSCoR program
[EPS-0814387]
FX Thanks to members of the CIFEES laboratory at University of Idaho,
including E. Hamann, J. Reader and S. Bourret for help in sample
collection, analysis, and method development. Thanks to A. Fremier for
help with geospatial analysis and to B. Connor with U. S. Fish and
Wildlife and B. Arnsberg from Nez Perce Tribal Fisheries who collected
juvenile samples for this study. Thanks to D. Milks, staff at Lyons
Ferry Hatchery and the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, for
facilitating sample collection and providing scale analysis. Thanks to
the Washington State University Geoanalytical Lab, J. Vervoort, C.
Knaack, and G. Hart for the use of their equipment and help in isotopic
method development. This work was funded by grants to R. Zabel and B.
Kennedy from the USACE and to B. Kennedy from NMFS - NWFSC. Additional
funding came from an NSF GK-12 award, #0841199, and by the NSF Idaho
EPSCoR program, award number EPS-0814387.
NR 65
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 78
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0029-8549
J9 OECOLOGIA
JI Oecologia
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 172
IS 4
BP 1017
EP 1029
DI 10.1007/s00442-012-2564-9
PG 13
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 188GF
UT WOS:000322180000010
PM 23423520
ER
PT J
AU Thompson, AR
Adam, TC
Hultgren, KM
Thacker, CE
AF Thompson, Andrew R.
Adam, Thomas C.
Hultgren, Kristin M.
Thacker, Christine E.
TI Ecology and Evolution Affect Network Structure in an Intimate Marine
Mutualism
SO AMERICAN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
DE mutualism; network topology; specialization; shrimp goby; forbidden link
ID CRYPTOCENTRUS-STEINITZI PISCES; ALPHEUS-PURPURILENTICULARIS CRUSTACEA;
SHRIMP PARTNER SPECIFICITY; COEVOLUTIONARY NETWORKS; TACTILE
COMMUNICATION; DEMOGRAPHICALLY OPEN; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; NESTED
STRUCTURE; FOOD WEBS; RED-SEA
AB Elucidating patterns and causes of interaction among mutualistic species is a major focus of ecology, and recent meta-analyses of terrestrial networks show that network-level reciprocal specialization tends to be higher in intimate mutualisms than in nonintimate mutualisms. It is largely unknown, however, whether this pattern holds for and what factors affect specialization in marine mutualisms. Here we present the first analysis of network specialization (H-2') for marine mutualistic networks. Specialization among eight Indo-Pacific networks of obligate mutualistic gobies and shrimps was indistinguishable from that among comparably intimate terrestrial mutualisms (ants-myrmecophytes) and higher than that among nonintimate ones (seed dispersers). Specialization was affected by variability in habitat use for both gobies and shrimps and by phylogenetic history for shrimps. Habitat use was phylogenetically conserved among shrimp, and thus effects of shrimp phylogeny on partner choice were mediated in part by habitat. By contrast, habitat use and pairing patterns in gobies were not related to phylogenetic history. This asymmetry appears to result from evolutionary constraints on partner use in shrimps and convergence among distantly related gobies to utilize burrows provided by multiple shrimp species. Results indicate that the evolution of mutualism is affected by life-history characteristics that transcend environments and that different factors constrain interactions in disparate ecosystems.
C1 [Thompson, Andrew R.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Fisheries Resources Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Thompson, Andrew R.; Thacker, Christine E.] Nat Hist Museum Angeles Cty, Los Angeles, CA 90007 USA.
[Adam, Thomas C.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Coastal Res Ctr, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Hultgren, Kristin M.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Hultgren, Kristin M.] Seattle Univ, Dept Biol, Seattle, WA 98122 USA.
RP Thompson, AR (reprint author), Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Fisheries Resources Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM andrew.thompson@noaa.gov
FU W. M. Keck foundation; R. M. Parsons foundation; National Science
Foundation Moorea Coral Reef Long Term Ecological Research project [OCE
04-17412]
FX We are grateful to J. P. Chen, D. Geiger, M. Jeng, I. Karplus, J. S.
White, and B. Wolcott and to the staffs of the Mahonia Na Dari Research
Institute of Kimbe Bay, Papua New Guinea, and the UCB (University of
California, Berkeley) Gump Research Station in Moorea, French Polynesia,
for their support and assistance with fieldwork, collections, and/or
analysis. Comments by N. Bowlin, R. Nisbet, A. Rossberg, S. Sandin, W.
Watson, and two anonymous reviewers improved the manuscript. This work
was supported by grants from the W. M. Keck and R. M. Parsons
foundations in support of the program in Molecular Systematics and
Evolution at the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County and the
National Science Foundation Moorea Coral Reef Long Term Ecological
Research project (OCE 04-17412). This is contribution 197 of the UCB
Richard B. Gump South Pacific Research Station.
NR 84
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 6
U2 55
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0003-0147
EI 1537-5323
J9 AM NAT
JI Am. Nat.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 182
IS 2
BP E58
EP E72
DI 10.1086/670803
PG 15
WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA 181XI
UT WOS:000321703400003
PM 23852363
ER
PT J
AU Regan, TJ
Taylor, BL
Thompson, GG
Cochrane, JF
Ralls, K
Runge, MC
Merrick, R
AF Regan, Tracey J.
Taylor, Barbara L.
Thompson, Grant G.
Cochrane, Jean Fitts
Ralls, Katherine
Runge, Michael C.
Merrick, Richard
TI Testing Decision Rules for Categorizing Species' Extinction Risk to Help
Develop Quantitative Listing Criteria for the US Endangered Species Act
SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Bayesian analysis; loss functions; performance testing; population
viability analysis
ID UNCERTAINTY; ADVICE; MODELS
AB Lack of guidance for interpreting the definitions of endangered and threatened in the U.S. Endangered Species Act (ESA) has resulted in case-by-case decision making leaving the process vulnerable to being considered arbitrary or capricious. Adopting quantitative decision rules would remedy this but requires the agency to specify the relative urgency concerning extinction events over time, cutoff risk values corresponding to different levels of protection, and the importance given to different types of listing errors. We tested the performance of 3 sets of decision rules that use alternative functions for weighting the relative urgency of future extinction events: a threshold rule set, which uses a decision rule of x% probability of extinction over y years; a concave rule set, where the relative importance of future extinction events declines exponentially over time; and a shoulder rule set that uses a sigmoid shape function, where relative importance declines slowly at first and then more rapidly. We obtained decision cutoffs by interviewing several biologists and then emulated the listing process with simulations that covered a range of extinction risks typical of ESA listing decisions. We evaluated performance of the decision rules under different data quantities and qualities on the basis of the relative importance of misclassification errors. Although there was little difference between the performance of alternative decision rules for correct listings, the distribution of misclassifications differed depending on the function used. Misclassifications for the threshold and concave listing criteria resulted in more overprotection errors, particularly as uncertainty increased, whereas errors for the shoulder listing criteria were more symmetrical. We developed and tested the framework for quantitative decision rules for listing species under the U.S. ESA. If policy values can be agreed on, use of this framework would improve the implementation of the ESA by increasing transparency and consistency.
C1 [Regan, Tracey J.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Bot, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia.
[Regan, Tracey J.; Taylor, Barbara L.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Thompson, Grant G.] NOAA, Resource Ecol & Fisheries Management Div, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Cochrane, Jean Fitts] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Endangered Species Program, Arlington, VA 22203 USA.
[Ralls, Katherine] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Washington, DC 20008 USA.
[Runge, Michael C.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Merrick, Richard] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Off Assistant Administrator, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Regan, TJ (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Sch Bot, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia.
EM tregan@unimelb.edu.au
RI Runge, Michael/E-7331-2011
OI Runge, Michael/0000-0002-8081-536X
FU National Marine Fisheries Service; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service;
National Research Council; Australian Research Council Centre of
Excellence for Environmental Decisions
FX T.J.R. was jointly funded by the National Marine Fisheries Service and
the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service through a fellowship with the
National Research Council and the Australian Research Council Centre of
Excellence for Environmental Decisions. We thank L. Maguire, M. Nammack,
T. Ragen, and S. Rumsey for expert advice; and A. Read, P. Boveng, P.
Wade, and M. Burgman for their useful comments. We honour the passing of
Dr. Dan Goodman who provided software and intellectual stimulation for
this project. Dan devoted much of his career to integrating decision
theory into conservation biology and his mentoring was very important to
several authors of this work.
NR 34
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Z9 8
U1 0
U2 46
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0888-8892
J9 CONSERV BIOL
JI Conserv. Biol.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 27
IS 4
BP 821
EP 831
DI 10.1111/cobi.12055
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 185PB
UT WOS:000321980800019
PM 23646933
ER
PT J
AU Garcia-Reyes, M
Sydeman, WJ
Thompson, SA
Black, BA
Rykaczewski, RR
Thayer, JA
Bograd, SJ
AF Garcia-Reyes, Marisol
Sydeman, William J.
Thompson, Sarah Ann
Black, Bryan A.
Rykaczewski, Ryan R.
Thayer, Julie A.
Bograd, Steven J.
TI Integrated Assessment of Wind Effects on Central California's Pelagic
Ecosystem
SO ECOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE seabirds; rockfish; salmon; sardine; upwelling; growth; breeding
success; recruitment; temperature
ID MARINE ECOSYSTEMS; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
PTYCHORAMPHUS-ALEUTICUS; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; CURRENT SYSTEM; GLOBAL
CHANGE; OCEAN; GROWTH; FISHERIES
AB Ecosystem-based management requires integrated physical studies on biological functions. In this study, we hypothesized that seasonal variation in upwelling-favorable winds has differential influences on species of the central California Current pelagic ecosystem. To test this hypothesis, we developed multivariate indicators of upwelling and species' responses using wind and sea surface temperature (SST) data from buoys and growth and reproductive data for 11 species of fish and seabirds. From previous work, we predicted that winds and SST could be decomposed into winter and spring/summer 'modes' of variability, but only a single mode of "winter/spring" environmental variability was observed. We attribute this difference from expectations to the local and shorter-term measurements of winds and SST used in this study. Most species responded to winds and SST variability similarly, but SST was a better predictor of most biological responses. Both SST and wind were better predictors than the traditional upwelling index. Notably, Pacific sardine (Sardinops sajax) was disassociated with the other biotic measurements and showed no relationships with coastal upwelling. The multivariate indicators developed here are particularly appropriate for integrated ecosystem assessments of climatic influences on marine life because they reflect both structure and processes (upwelling and timing/growth/productivity) known to determine functions in marine ecosystems.
C1 [Garcia-Reyes, Marisol; Sydeman, William J.; Thompson, Sarah Ann; Thayer, Julie A.] Farallon Inst Adv Ecosyst Res, Petaluma, CA 94952 USA.
[Black, Bryan A.] Univ Texas Austin, Inst Marine Sci, Port Aransas, TX 78373 USA.
[Rykaczewski, Ryan R.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Biol Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Rykaczewski, Ryan R.] Univ S Carolina, Marine Sci Program, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Bograd, Steven J.] NMFS, Div Environm Res, NOAA, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
RP Garcia-Reyes, M (reprint author), Farallon Inst Adv Ecosyst Res, 101 H St Suite Q, Petaluma, CA 94952 USA.
EM marisolgr@gmail.com
RI Black, Bryan/A-7057-2009; Rykaczewski, Ryan/A-8625-2016
OI Rykaczewski, Ryan/0000-0001-8893-872X
FU NSF [1130125]
FX Studies of Farallon Island seabirds were conducted by PRBO Conservation
Science in cooperation with the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service and
Farallon National Wildlife Refuge. This study was supported by NSF award
no. 1130125 and donors of the Farallon Institute. We thank our
colleagues Roy Mendelssohn, Brian Wells, Jarrod Santora, John Largier,
and Marcel Losekoot for stimulating discussions concerning the
seasonality of upwelling and ecosystem response.
NR 70
TC 6
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U1 3
U2 35
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1432-9840
J9 ECOSYSTEMS
JI Ecosystems
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 16
IS 5
BP 722
EP 735
DI 10.1007/s10021-013-9643-6
PG 14
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 184RO
UT WOS:000321911200002
ER
PT J
AU Tang, ZW
Tan, YB
Wu, H
Gu, QF
Zhou, W
Jensen, CM
Yu, XB
AF Tang, Ziwei
Tan, Yingbin
Wu, Hui
Gu, Qinfen
Zhou, Wei
Jensen, Craig M.
Yu, Xuebin
TI Metal cation-promoted hydrogen generation in activated aluminium
borohydride ammoniates
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Hydrogen storage material; Aluminum; Polarization of hydrogen; Metal
borohydride ammoniate
ID COMPLEX HYDRIDES; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; STORAGE; DEHYDROGENATION; BORANE;
DECOMPOSITION; DIFFRACTION; MONOAMMONIATE; SPECTROSCOPY; TEMPERATURE
AB The crystal structure of an aluminum-based borohydride ammoniate - Al(BH4)(3)center dot 6NH(3) - is reported for the first time. The molecular structure of Al(BH4)(3)center dot 6NH(3) is resolved by high-resolution X-ray diffraction. The compound crystallized in the space group Pbcn (No. 60), with lattice parameters of a = 13.2824(5) angstrom, b = 15.2698(7) angstrom and c = 13.1848(6) angstrom. Structure analysis shows that this compound contains complex hexamminealuminum (III) [Al(NH3)(6)](3+) cations, which are surrounded by BH4- anions. The interatomic distances between the H delta+ s from the NH3 units and the H delta- s from the BH4 units are in the range of 1.91-2.19 angstrom, suggesting the presence of significant H delta+ ... H-delta interactions. Mass spectrometry, thermogravimetry and temperature-programmed desorption studies of metal cation-modified aluminum-based borohydride ammoniates using the reactions of various metal borohydrides M(BH4)(n) (M = Na, Li, Ca, Mg) and chlorides MCln (M = Sc, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mg, Ca, Li) reveal that their dehydrogenation properties are strongly dependent on the polarizing power of the added metal cations. It is hypothesized that the added metal cations may activate the borohydride ion to such an extent that its H delta- can easily react with the H delta+ of the [Al(NH3)(6)](3+) cation, resulting in an enhanced interaction between the H delta+ and H delta-, thus enhancing their dehydrogenation kinetics. Subsequent deuterium isotope and X-ray measurements support the hypothesis that the H delta+ ... H-delta interactions play a role in the dehydrogenation of the metal borohydride ammoniates. Of the systems investigated, 0.5Mg(BH4)(2)/Li2Al(BH4)(5)center dot 6NH(3) is notable as it releases more than 10 wt.% high-purity H-2 within 30 min below 120 degrees C. This ranks among the highest values currently reported for potential solid-state hydrogen storage materials. These findings provide a feasible and simple route for modifying B-N-based, lightweight materials for highly efficient dehydrogenation. (C) 2013 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Tang, Ziwei; Tan, Yingbin; Yu, Xuebin] Fudan Univ, Dept Mat Sci, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China.
[Wu, Hui; Zhou, Wei] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Wu, Hui; Zhou, Wei] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Gu, Qinfen] Australian Synchrotron, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia.
[Jensen, Craig M.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Chem, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Yu, XB (reprint author), Fudan Univ, Dept Mat Sci, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China.
EM yuxuebin@fudan.edu.cn
RI Wu, Hui/C-6505-2008; Zhou, Wei/C-6504-2008; Yu, Xuebin/E-9785-2012
OI Wu, Hui/0000-0003-0296-5204; Zhou, Wei/0000-0002-5461-3617;
FU Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2010CB631302]; National
Natural Science Foundation of China [51071047]; Ph.D. Programs
Foundation of Ministry of Education of China [20110071110009]; Science
and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality [11JC1400700,
11520701100]; US Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy
FX This work was partially supported by the Ministry of Science and
Technology of China (2010CB631302), the National Natural Science
Foundation of China (51071047), the Ph.D. Programs Foundation of
Ministry of Education of China (20110071110009) and the Science and
Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (11JC1400700,
11520701100). We also wish to thank Jianqiang Wang for assistance in
using the X-ray absorption fine structure spectra at Shanghai
Synchrotron Radiation Facility. C.M.J. acknowledges the financial
support from the US Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency
and Renewable Energy.
NR 55
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U1 1
U2 62
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
EI 1873-2453
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 61
IS 13
BP 4787
EP 4796
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2013.05.003
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 180NH
UT WOS:000321601400009
ER
PT J
AU Sweetman, CJ
Sutton, TT
Vecchione, M
Latour, RJ
AF Sweetman, C. J.
Sutton, T. T.
Vecchione, M.
Latour, R. J.
TI Distribution of the biomass-dominant pelagic fish, Bathylagus euryops
(Argentiniformes: Microstomatidae), along the northern Mid-Atlantic
Ridge
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART I-OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH PAPERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Mid-ocean ridges; Mesopelagic zone; Bathypelagic zone; Vertical
migration; Ontogeny; Prey availability
ID ABUNDANCE; ZOOPLANKTON; JUNE; SEA; DIVERSITY; PATTERNS; OCEAN; REALM;
BASIN
AB The northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR), from Iceland to the Azores, ranges in depth from 800-4500 in and extends over an area of 3.7 million km(2). Despite its size, few studies have described the distribution of pelagic fishes along the MAR. Recent evidence from MAR-ECO, a Census of Marine Life field project, reported increased abundance and biomass of deep-pelagic fishes below 1000 m on the ridge, which stands in stark contrast to the traditional view that abundance and biomass decline exponentially with increasing depth in 'typical' open ocean ecosystems. Among the midwater fishes sampled during the MAR-ECO campaign, Bathylagus euryops (Argentiniformes: Microstomatidae) was the biomass-dominant pelagic species and ranked third in total abundance. In this paper, we characterize the distribution of B. euryops in relation to physical and biological variables along the MAR. Average catch of B. euryops over the MAR varied between 0.68 individuals/100,000 m(3) +/- 0.70 individuals at the Azorean Zone and 5.82 individuals/100,000 m(3) +/- 2.08 individuals at the Reykjanes Ridge. Generalized linear models applied to B. euryops catch data indicated that ridge section, depth zone, and prey abundance were important explanatory variables in structuring the distribution along the MAR. Analyses of vertical distribution patterns, relative to time of day and fish size, showed that larger fish were found deeper in the water column, likely due to an ontogenetic migration to depth. Mean fish size increased from 58.9 mm standard length in the epipelagic zone and continually increased to 155.7 mm standard length between 2300-3000 m. Due to the high abundance and biomass observed along the MAR, B. euryops appears to be an important species in the oceanic food web of the North Atlantic Ocean. (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Sweetman, C. J.; Sutton, T. T.; Latour, R. J.] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Coll William & Mary, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
[Vecchione, M.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, NMFS Natl Systemat Lab, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Sweetman, CJ (reprint author), Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Coll William & Mary, POB 1346, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
EM cjsweetman@vims.edu
FU NSF Ocean Sciences Division-Biological Oceanography Program) [OCE
0623551]; VIMS Office of Academic Studies
FX The authors acknowledge the crew of the R/V G.O. Sars and the FSV Henry
B. Bigelow for their excellent shiptime services. M. Heino and an
anonymous reviewer provided helpful comments on earlier versions of this
manuscript. Thanks are also due to E. Hilton, D. Steinberg, and K.
Parsons for their insight and support with this manuscript. The data
analysis and synthesis were supported by NSF Ocean Sciences
Division-Biological Oceanography Program (OCE 0623551) and the VIMS
Office of Academic Studies. MAR-ECO is a Census of Marine Life field
project. This paper is Contribution no. 3275 of VIMS, College of William
& Mary.
NR 44
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U1 2
U2 21
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0637
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT I
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part I-Oceanogr. Res. Pap.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 78
BP 16
EP 23
DI 10.1016/j.dsr.2013.03.004
PG 8
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 179SA
UT WOS:000321540400002
ER
PT J
AU Mullineaux, LS
McGillicuddy, DJ
Mills, SW
Kosnyrev, VK
Thurnherr, AM
Ledwell, JR
Lavelle, JW
AF Mullineaux, L. S.
McGillicuddy, D. J., Jr.
Mills, S. W.
Kosnyrev, V. K.
Thurnherr, A. M.
Ledwell, J. R.
Lavelle, J. W.
TI Active positioning of vent larvae at a mid-ocean ridge
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Hydrothermal springs; Deep water; Larvae; Mid-ocean ridges
ID SEA HYDROTHERMAL VENTS; EAST PACIFIC RISE; GASTROPOD LARVAE; OYSTER
LARVAE; DISPERSAL; BEHAVIOR; 10-DEGREES-N; HYDROGRAPHY; TRANSPORT;
PLUMES
AB The vertical position of larvae of vent species above a mid-ocean ridge potentially has a strong effect on their dispersal. Larvae may be advected upward in the buoyant vent plume, or move as a consequence of their buoyancy or by active swimming. Alternatively, they may be retained near the bottom by the topography of the axial trough, or by downward swimming. At vents near 9 degrees 50'N on the axis of the East Pacific Rise, evidence for active larval positioning was detected in a comparison between field observations of larvae in the plankton in 2006 and 2007 and distributions of non-swimming larvae in a two-dimensional bio-physical model. In the field, few vent larvae were collected at the level of the neutrally buoyant plume (similar to 75 m above the bottom); their relative abundances at that height were much lower than those of simulated larvae from a near-bottom release in the model. This discrepancy was observed for many vent species, particularly gastropods, suggesting that they may actively remain near the bottom by sinking or swimming downward. Near the seafloor, larval abundance decreased from the ridge axis to 1000 m off axis much more strongly in the observations than in the simulations, again pointing to behavior as a potential regulator of larval transport. We suspect that transport off axis was reduced by downward-moving behavior, which positioned larvae into locations where they were isolated from cross-ridge currents by seafloor topography, such as the walls of the axial valley which are not resolved in the model. Cross-ridge gradients in larval abundance varied between gastropods and polychaetes, indicating that behavior may vary between taxonomic groups, and possibly between species. These results suggest that behaviorally mediated retention of vent larvae may be common, even for species that have a long planktonic larval duration and are capable of long-distance dispersal. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Mullineaux, L. S.; Mills, S. W.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Biol, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[McGillicuddy, D. J., Jr.; Kosnyrev, V. K.; Ledwell, J. R.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Appl Ocean Phys & Engn, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Thurnherr, A. M.] Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Div Ocean & Climate Phys, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
[Lavelle, J. W.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Mullineaux, LS (reprint author), Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Biol, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM lmullineaux@whoi.edu
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) Vents Program;
NOAA's Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory; Captain and crew of RN
Atlantis; Alvin group [AT15-12, AT15-26]
FX We gratefully acknowledge the support of NSF grants OCE-0424953 and
OCE-0525361, which funded the Larval Dispersal on the Deep East Pacific
Rise (LADDER) project. WHOI provided additional support to L.S.M. as an
Ocean Life Fellow, to DJ.M. as 56 the Holger Jannasch Chair for
Excellence in Oceanography, and to J.R. L as the Edward W. and Betty J.
Scripps Senior Scientist Chair. J.W.L. was supported by the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) Vents Program and by
NOAA's Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory. We appreciate the
operations support from the Captain and crew of RN Atlantis, and the
Alvin group, during cruises AT15-12 and AT15-26. Technical and
scientific assistance at sea was provided by S. Bayer, S. Beaulieu, I.
Garcia Berdeal, X. Guan, B. Guest, B. Hogue, P.R Jackson, A. Kohli, X.
Liang, A. Ruiz-Angulo, N. Staglicic, C. Strasser, F. Terenzi, B.
Walther, and S. Worrilow. A. Waren provided expertise on larval
gastropod identification. The study benefited from discussions with
Stace Beaulieu and Diane Adams, and the manuscript was improved by
comments from three anonymous reviewers.
NR 37
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U1 4
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PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0645
EI 1879-0100
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 92
SI SI
BP 46
EP 57
DI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.03.032
PG 12
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 174SZ
UT WOS:000321177000006
ER
PT J
AU Kittinger, JN
Van Houtan, KS
McClenachan, LE
Lawrence, AL
AF Kittinger, John N.
Van Houtan, Kyle S.
McClenachan, Loren E.
Lawrence, Amanda L.
TI Using historical data to assess the biogeography of population recovery
SO ECOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-TURTLES; ECOSYSTEMS
AB Historical ecology research is valuable for assessing long-term baselines, and is increasingly applicable to conservation and management. In this study, we describe how historical range data can inform key aspects of protected species management, including evaluating conservation status and recovery, and determining practical management units. We examine contemporary (1973-2012) and historical (1250-1950) data on nesting beach distributions for green sea turtles Chelonia mydas in the Hawaiian Islands. Green turtle populations in Hawaii declined until federal and international protections began in the 1970s, but over the past four decades one index population has shown encouraging increases and broader recovery has been inferred. We find that 80% of historically major nesting populations are extirpated, or have heavily reduced nesting abundances in comparison with current estimates. Furthermore, historical nesting areas were not geographically isolated, but distributed across the archipelago. In comparison, today more than 90% of green turtle nesting in Hawaii occurs at a single site that is vulnerable to sea level rise. This research suggests that assessing recovery without historical data on spatial patterns may overlook important ecological dynamics at the popu lation or ecosystem level, which can result in improper or inadequate conservation assessments and recovery targets.
C1 [Kittinger, John N.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Geog, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Kittinger, John N.] Stanford Univ, Ctr Ocean Solut, Monterey, CA 93940 USA.
[Van Houtan, Kyle S.; Lawrence, Amanda L.] NOAA Fisheries, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Van Houtan, Kyle S.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm & Earth Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[McClenachan, Loren E.] Colby Coll, Environm Studies Program, Waterville, ME 04901 USA.
RP Kittinger, JN (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Geog, 445 Saunders,2424 Maile Way, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
EM kyle.vanhoutan@noaa.gov
FU NSF IGERT Graduate Fellowship [0549514]; DDRI [0926768]; NOAA contract
(PIFSC) [JJ133F10SE2956]; Presidential Early Career Award for Scientist
and Engineers; NOAA PIFSC Internship
FX This is the second paper from the NOAA Pacific Sea Turtle Historical
Ecology Working Group. S. Hargrove, B. Becker, and G. Balazs provided
sea turtle abundance data. S. Pimm, J. Jackson, S. Pooley, F. Parrish,
P. Opay, and T. Jones provided comments on an earlier version of this
manuscript. JNK was supported by an NSF IGERT Graduate Fellowship (no.
0549514), a DDRI grant (no. 0926768), and a NOAA contract (PIFSC no.
JJ133F10SE2956). KSVH was supported by a Presidential Early Career Award
for Scientist and Engineers. ALL was supported by a NOAA PIFSC
Internship.
NR 37
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 3
U2 72
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0906-7590
J9 ECOGRAPHY
JI Ecography
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 36
IS 8
BP 868
EP 872
DI 10.1111/j.1600-0587.2013.00245.x
PG 5
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 176TO
UT WOS:000321328100003
ER
PT J
AU Fissel, BE
Gilbert, B
LaRiviere, J
AF Fissel, Benjamin E.
Gilbert, Ben
LaRiviere, Jacob
TI Technology adoption and diffusion with uncertainty in a commons
SO ECONOMICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Technology adoption; Diffusion; Commons; Fisheries; Technological change
ID FISHERY
AB We model adoption and diffusion in a commons under uncertainty about a technology's value. Technological resource stock externalities make technology less valuable with depleted stocks, but transmit information about a new technology's value, causing faster adoption of high-value technologies. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Fissel, Benjamin E.] NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Gilbert, Ben] Univ Wyoming, Dept Econ & Finance, Laramie, WY 82070 USA.
[LaRiviere, Jacob] Univ Tennessee, Dept Econ, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RP Gilbert, B (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Econ & Finance, 1000 E Univ Ave, Laramie, WY 82070 USA.
EM ben.fissel@noaa.gov; bgilbe10@uwyo.edu; jlarivi1@utk.edu
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0165-1765
J9 ECON LETT
JI Econ. Lett.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 120
IS 2
BP 297
EP 301
DI 10.1016/j.econlet.2013.04.048
PG 5
WC Economics
SC Business & Economics
GA 180OL
UT WOS:000321604400040
ER
PT J
AU Bejarano, AC
Farr, JK
AF Bejarano, Adriana C.
Farr, James K.
TI Development of short, acute exposure hazard estimates: A tool for
assessing the effects of chemical spills in aquatic environments
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Species sensitivity distributions; Bootstrap; Short-exposure duration;
Chemical spill
ID SPECIES-SENSITIVITY DISTRIBUTIONS; ECOLOGICAL RISK-ASSESSMENT; HERRING
CLUPEA-HARENGUS; TOXICITY EAT DATABASE; EARLY-LIFE STAGES;
PULSED-EXPOSURE; FRESH-WATER; CRUDE-OIL; SUBSTANCES; ORGANISMS
AB Management decisions aimed at protecting aquatic resources following accidental chemical spills into rivers and coastal estuaries require estimates of toxic thresholds derived from realistic spill conditions: acute pulse exposures of short duration (h), information which often is unavailable. Most existing toxicity data (median lethal concentration or median effective concentration) come from tests performed under constant exposure concentrations and exposure durations in the 24-h to 96-h range, conditions not typical of most chemical spills. Short-exposure hazard concentration estimates were derived for selected chemicals using empirical toxicity data. Chemical-specific 5th percentile hazard concentrations (HC5) of species sensitivity distributions (SSD) from individual exposure durations (6-96h) were derived via bootstrap resampling and were plotted against their original exposure durations to estimate HC5s and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) at shorter exposures (1, 2, and 4h). This approach allowed the development of short-exposure HC5s for 12 chemicals. Model verification showed agreement between observed and estimated short-exposure HC5s (r(2) adjusted=0.95, p<0.0001), and comparison of estimated short-exposure HC5s with empirical toxicity data indicated generally conservative hazard estimates. This approach, applied to 2 real spill incidents, indicated hazard estimates above expected environmental concentrations (acrylonitrile), and suggested that environmental concentrations likely exceeded short-exposure hazard estimates (furfural). Although estimates generated through this approach were likely overprotective, these were derived from environmentally realistic exposure durations, providing risk-assessors with a tool to manage field decisions. Environ Toxicol Chem 2013;32:1918-1927. (c) 2013 SETAC
C1 [Bejarano, Adriana C.] Res Planning, Columbia, SC USA.
[Farr, James K.] NOAA, Seattle, WA USA.
RP Bejarano, AC (reprint author), Res Planning, Columbia, SC USA.
EM abejarano@researchplanning.com
NR 45
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 28
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0730-7268
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 32
IS 8
BP 1918
EP 1927
DI 10.1002/etc.2255
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 179VI
UT WOS:000321549200030
PM 23625642
ER
PT J
AU Reyes-Tomassini, J
AF Reyes-Tomassini, Jose
TI GnRH isoforms expression in relation to the gonadal cycle and to
dominance rank in the Gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata
SO FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE GnRH; Gilthead seabream; Hermaphrodite; Sex change; Dominance
hierarchies
ID GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING-HORMONE; SEX-CHANGE; SOCIAL-CONTROL; CICHLID
FISH; 3 FORMS; BEHAVIOR; DIFFERENTIATION; REPRODUCTION; PLASTICITY;
EVOLUTION
AB The manner in which behavior influences the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) axis in hermaphroditic fishes is not understood. The Gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata, is a protandrous hermaphrodite with a complex gonadal cycle consisting of a quiescent, pre-spawning, spawning, and post-spawning stage. On two separate experiments, I used real-time quantitative PCR to measure the mRNA expression of three GnRH isoforms in homogenized seabream whole-brain extracts. In the first experiment, I measured the levels of GnRH-1, GnRH-2, and GnRH-3 mRNA throughout the gonad cycle. All three GnRH mRNAs increase around the peak of the spawning season (December). GnRH-3 mRNA expression is also elevated in August, which coincides with the beginning of gonad differentiation. All three GnRH mRNAs have the lowest expression levels in the month of September. There was no difference between males and females in the expression levels of any of the three GnRH mRNA. In the second experiment, I measured individual dominance ranks in six groups of fish, three during quiescence and three during spawning. GnRH-1 mRNA expression was positively correlated with dominance rank only during the quiescent period. The more dominant fish tended to have higher GnRH-1 mRNA expression. The existence of a quiescent-only correlation between GnRH-1 mRNA and dominance rank suggests a mechanism by which activation of gonad maturation could occur first in the most dominant ambisexual fish.
C1 NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Manchester Res Stn, Manchester, WA 98353 USA.
RP Reyes-Tomassini, J (reprint author), NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Manchester Res Stn, POB 130, Manchester, WA 98353 USA.
EM jose.reyestomassini@noaa.gov
FU NOAA-Educational Partnership Program (EPP); NOA-EPP
FX The present work was supported by the NOAA-Educational Partnership
Program (EPP)-funded Living Marine Resources Cooperative Science Center
and the NOA-EPP funded Graduate Science Program. Thanks to Dr. Yonathan
Zohar, Dr. Rose M. Jagus, and Dr. Frank Hanson for their guidance. Dr.
Ten-Tsao Wong provided the GnRH standards, the gonad histology for
experiment 1, and technical assistance for the molecular assays in
experiment 1. I am also thankful to Steven Rodgers, Eric Evans, Chris
Tollini, and John Stubblefield for their technical assistance. Thanks to
Dr. Barry Berejikian for assisting with the preparation of this
manuscript.
NR 63
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 21
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0920-1742
J9 FISH PHYSIOL BIOCHEM
JI Fish Physiol. Biochem.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 39
IS 4
BP 993
EP 1005
DI 10.1007/s10695-012-9757-3
PG 13
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Fisheries; Physiology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Fisheries; Physiology
GA 178HQ
UT WOS:000321437800022
PM 23248050
ER
PT J
AU Moser, ML
Jackson, AD
Tsuzaki, T
Kemp, PS
AF Moser, M. L.
Jackson, A. D.
Tsuzaki, T.
Kemp, P. S.
TI Do surgically implanted radio transmitters alter the climbing ability of
adult Pacific lamprey, Lampetra tridentata?
SO FISHERIES MANAGEMENT AND ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SWIMMING PERFORMANCE; SPAWNING MIGRATION; RIVER; BEHAVIOR; DAMS
C1 [Moser, M. L.; Jackson, A. D.; Tsuzaki, T.; Kemp, P. S.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Moser, ML (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM mary.moser@noaa.gov
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 9
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0969-997X
J9 FISHERIES MANAG ECOL
JI Fisheries Manag. Ecol.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 20
IS 4
BP 374
EP 376
DI 10.1111/fme.12020
PG 3
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 180TP
UT WOS:000321620700009
ER
PT J
AU Metzger, DC
Luckenbach, JA
Dickey, JT
Beckman, BR
AF Metzger, David C.
Luckenbach, J. Adam
Dickey, Jon T.
Beckman, Brian R.
TI Development of a multiplex gene expression assay for components of the
endocrine growth axis in coho salmon
SO GENERAL AND COMPARATIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Quantigene plex; IGF; IGFBP; GHR; Salmon
ID BRANCHED DNA ASSAY; FACTOR 1 IGF1; MESSENGER-RNA; RT-PCR; INSULIN; FISH;
HORMONE; RECEPTOR; SOMATOLACTIN; HEPATOCYTES
AB This study explores the efficacy of the Quantigene plex (QGP) technology for measuring a panel of endocrine growth-related transcripts in coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch. The QGP technology permits the simultaneous quantification of multiple targeted mRNAs within a single tissue homogenate using sequence-specific probes and requires no reverse transcription (RT) or amplification as is required for RT-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Using liver homogenates from coho salmon under fed and fasted conditions, we compared the detectable fold differences of steady-state mRNA levels between the QGP and probe-based RT-qPCR assays for insulin-like growth factors (igf1 and igf2), insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (igfbp1b, igfbp2a, and igfbp2b), somatolactin receptor (sir), and growth hormone receptors (ghr1 and ghr2). Significant, positive correlations for all genes between the two assays were found. In addition, the relatively low variance of results from the QGP assay suggests that this is a suitable method for a comprehensive analysis of endocrine growth-related transcripts and could potentially be used to develop assays for other gene networks in teleosts. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Metzger, David C.; Luckenbach, J. Adam; Dickey, Jon T.; Beckman, Brian R.] NOAA, Environm Physiol Program, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA USA.
[Metzger, David C.; Dickey, Jon T.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Beckman, BR (reprint author), NOAA, Environm Physiol Program, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA USA.
EM Brian.Beckman@noaa.gov
FU Northwest Fisheries Science Center, NOAA
FX The authors would like to thank Penny Swanson and Linda Park for
initiating this work, Linda Park for providing access to Luminex
equipment, Rajesh Chavli and Yinting Chu of Panomics/Affymetrix for
their assistance with developing the QGP assay, Brad Gadberry and Paul
Parkins for fish husbandry during this study, Dr. Munetaka Shimizu for
collaborating on the experiment that generated samples for these
analyses, and the internal grants program of the Northwest Fisheries
Science Center, NOAA for providing financial support.
NR 30
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 16
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0016-6480
J9 GEN COMP ENDOCR
JI Gen. Comp. Endocrinol.
PD AUG 1
PY 2013
VL 189
BP 134
EP 140
DI 10.1016/j.ygcen.2013.04.022
PG 7
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 175LF
UT WOS:000321231500018
PM 23665103
ER
PT J
AU Olson, W
Emmenegger, E
Glenn, J
Winton, J
Goetz, F
AF Olson, W.
Emmenegger, E.
Glenn, J.
Winton, J.
Goetz, F.
TI Comparative susceptibility among three stocks of yellow perch, Perca
flavescens (Mitchill), to viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus strain
IVb from the Great Lakes
SO JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE plaque assay; qRT-PCR; viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus; yellow
perch
ID SALMON SALMO-SALAR; REAL-TIME PCR; ATLANTIC SALMON; RAINBOW-TROUT; RAPID
DETECTION; MARINE FISH; FEVER VIRUS; NORTH-SEA; RT-PCR; RESISTANCE
AB The Great Lakes strain of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus IVb (VHSV-IVb) is capable of infecting a wide number of naive species and has been associated with large fish kills in the Midwestern United States since its discovery in 2005. The yellow perch, Perca flavescens (Mitchill), a freshwater species commonly found throughout inland waters of the United States and prized for its high value in sport and commercial fisheries, is a species documented in several fish kills affiliated with VHS. In the present study, differences in survival after infection with VHSV IVb were observed among juvenile fish from three yellow perch broodstocks that were originally derived from distinct wild populations, suggesting innate differences in susceptibility due to genetic variance. While all three stocks were susceptible upon waterborne exposure to VHS virus infection, fish derived from the Midwest (Lake Winnebago, WI) showed significantly lower cumulative % survival compared with two perch stocks derived from the East Coast (Perquimans River, NC and Choptank River, MD) of the United States. However, despite differences in apparent susceptibility, clinical signs did not vary between stocks and included moderate-to-severe haemorrhages at the pelvic and pectoral fin bases and exophthalmia. After the 28-day challenge was complete, VHS virus was analysed in subsets of whole fish that had either survived or succumbed to the infection using both plaque assay and quantitative PCR methodologies. A direct correlation was identified between the two methods, suggesting the potential for both methods to be used to detect virus in a research setting.
C1 [Olson, W.] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Freshwater Sci, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
[Emmenegger, E.; Winton, J.] USGS, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Seattle, WA USA.
[Glenn, J.] Seattle Biomed Res Inst, Seattle, WA 98109 USA.
[Goetz, F.] NOAA, Manchester Res Stn, Port Orchard, WA 98366 USA.
RP Goetz, F (reprint author), NOAA, Manchester Res Stn, 7305 E Beach Dr, Port Orchard, WA 98366 USA.
EM rick.goetz@NOAA.gov
FU University of Wisconsin Sea Grant Institute under grants from the
National Sea Grant College Program, National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration; U.S. Department of Commerce [NA06OAR4170011,
NA10OAR4170070]; ARS/USDA CRIS [58-3655-9-748, 3655-31320-002-00D];
[R/AQ-44]; [R/AQ-41]
FX This work was funded in part by the University of Wisconsin Sea Grant
Institute under grants from the National Sea Grant College Program,
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of
Commerce, federal grant numbers NA06OAR4170011 and NA10OAR4170070,
project numbers R/AQ-44 and R/AQ-41. This work was also supported, in
part, by a Specific Cooperative Agreement (#58-3655-9-748) under
ARS/USDA CRIS #3655-31320-002-00D. The views contained in this document
are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily
representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the
U.S. Government. Mention of trade name, proprietary product, or specific
equipment does not constitute a guarantee or warranty by the USDA and
does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may
be suitable. This manuscript is submitted for publication with the
understanding that the United States Government is authorized to
reproduce and distribute reprints for governmental purposes. The authors
greatly acknowledge the assistance of Doug Immerman, Jacob Bill, Ben
Wiedenman and Erin Weber in rearing perch for the study.
NR 40
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 25
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0140-7775
J9 J FISH DIS
JI J. Fish Dis.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 36
IS 8
BP 711
EP 719
DI 10.1111/jfd.12068
PG 9
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences
GA 179JX
UT WOS:000321517700004
PM 23305522
ER
PT J
AU Weiss, J
Snyder, K
Bullard, J
Bentz, D
AF Weiss, Jason
Snyder, Ken
Bullard, Jeff
Bentz, Dale
TI Using a Saturation Function to Interpret the Electrical Properties of
Partially Saturated Concrete
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Cement; Concrete; Electrical conductivity; Electrical resistivity;
Material properties; Cement; Concrete; Conductivity; Electrical; Partial
saturation; Resistivity; Wenner; Service life; Transport
ID CHLORIDE PERMEABILITY TEST; CEMENT-BASED MATERIALS; IMPEDANCE
SPECTROSCOPY; RESISTIVITY; CONDUCTIVITY; PASTE; MICROSTRUCTURE; WATER;
MODEL
AB Electrical properties are frequently measured in the concrete construction industry as a part of mixture qualification and quality-control testing. Whereas there are several factors that influence the electrical response of concrete, one of the most important factors is its degree of saturation. Although current standard tests rely on the concrete's being saturated, this can be difficult to accomplish, is time-consuming, and can artificially increase the degree of hydration of the test sample in comparison with that of concrete in field structures (when the test samples are stored in water). Although some studies have measured the electrical response of concrete for samples with different moisture content (i.e.,stored at different relative humidities), a single expression has not been proposed that predicts how drying changes the electrical response. This paper suggests that a saturation function should be considered as a possible method to account and to correct for less than complete saturation in concrete. This function would provide one term that accounts for changes in pore fluid volume, pore solution concentration, and pore fluid connectivity. Although preliminary, this approach has several potential benefits: (1)it could enable testing of partially saturated concrete, thus saving time; (2)it could be used to predict properties under different exposure conditions; (3)it may facilitate more comprehensive service-life models; and (4)it may enable a wider use of embedded sensor technology. (C) 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers.
C1 [Weiss, Jason] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Snyder, Ken; Bullard, Jeff; Bentz, Dale] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Weiss, J (reprint author), Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
EM wjweiss@purdue.edu
OI Weiss, William/0000-0003-2859-7980
FU Joint Transportation Research Program
FX This first author is grateful for support from the Joint Transportation
Research Program administered by the Indiana Department of
Transportation and Purdue University. The contents of this paper reflect
the views of the authors, who are responsible for the facts and the
accuracy of the data presented in this paper, and do not necessarily
reflect the official views or policies of the Indiana Department of
Transportation, nor do the contents constitute a standard,
specification, or regulation.
NR 56
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 15
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0899-1561
J9 J MATER CIVIL ENG
JI J. Mater. Civ. Eng.
PD AUG 1
PY 2013
VL 25
IS 8
BP 1097
EP 1106
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0000549
PG 10
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Materials Science
GA 180SH
UT WOS:000321616100017
ER
PT J
AU Lehnert, H
Stone, RP
Heimler, W
AF Lehnert, Helmut
Stone, Robert P.
Heimler, Wolfgang
TI Histodermella kagigunensis sp nov from the Gulf of Alaska and Aleutian
Islands; first records of the genus from the North Pacific
SO JOURNAL OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION OF THE UNITED KINGDOM
LA English
DT Article
DE new species; Demospongiae; Coelosphaeridae; Histodermella; North
Pacific; Gulf of Alaska; Aleutian Islands
AB The genus Histodermella grows to four species with the addition of H. kagigunensis sp. nov. from the North Pacific. The new species is described and compared with all congeners. Histodermella kagigunensis shows affinities to H. ingolfi Lundbeck 1910 as it has the same spicule types but differs clearly in size, habitus and the dimensions of two occurring spicule types. The discovery of H. kagigunensis represents the first record of the genus Histodermella in the North Pacific Ocean.
C1 [Stone, Robert P.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Auke Bay Labs, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Heimler, Wolfgang] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Inst Entwicklungsbiol, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany.
RP Lehnert, H (reprint author), Eichenstr 14, D-86507 Oberottmarshausen, Germany.
EM Lehnert@spongetaxonomics.de
FU Alaska Fisheries Science Center of NOAA/NMFS
FX We thank Roger N. Clark and Patrick Malecha for collecting the specimens
and William Austin for providing a first identification. H.L. was
supported by a contract from the Alaska Fisheries Science Center of
NOAA/NMFS. We thank the Institut fur Prozessmaschinen und Anlagentechnik
(IPAT), Universitat Erlangen for providing access to a scanning electron
microscope.
NR 7
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 5
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0025-3154
J9 J MAR BIOL ASSOC UK
JI J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 93
IS 5
BP 1245
EP 1248
DI 10.1017/S0025315412001063
PG 4
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 179HI
UT WOS:000321510200009
ER
PT J
AU Vergara, A
Fonollosa, J
Mahiques, J
Trincavelli, M
Rulkov, N
Huerta, R
AF Vergara, Alexander
Fonollosa, Jordi
Mahiques, Jonas
Trincavelli, Marco
Rulkov, Nikolai
Huerta, Ramon
TI On the performance of gas sensor arrays in open sampling systems using
Inhibitory Support Vector Machines
SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Metal-oxide sensors; Support Vector Machines; System calibration; Open
sampling system; Sensor array; Electronic nose
ID CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENTS; ELECTRONIC-NOSE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY;
CLASSIFICATION; CHROMATOGRAPHY; LOCALIZATION; OPTIMIZATION; OLFACTION;
DETECTOR; QUALITY
AB Chemo-resistive transduction presents practical advantages for capturing the spatio-temporal and structural organization of chemical compounds dispersed in different human habitats. In an open sampling system, however, where the chemo-sensory elements are directly exposed to the environment being monitored, the identification and monitoring of chemical substances present a more difficult challenge due to the dispersion mechanisms of gaseous chemical analytes, namely diffusion, turbulence, and advection. The success of such actively changeable practice is influenced by the adequate implementation of algorithmically driven formalisms combined with the appropriate design of experimental protocols. On the basis of this functional joint-formulation, in this study we examine an innovative methodology based on the inhibitory processing mechanisms encountered in the structural assembly of the insect's brain, namely Inhibitory Support Vector Machine (ISVM) applied to training a sensor array platform and evaluate its capabilities relevant to odor detection and identification under complex environmental conditions. We generated - and made publicly available - an extensive and unique dataset with a chemical detection platform consisting of 72 conductometric metal-oxide based chemical sensors in a custom-designed wind tunnel test-bed facility to test our methodology. Our findings suggest that the aforementioned methodology can be a valuable tool to guide the decision of choosing the training conditions for a cost-efficient system calibration as well as an important step toward the understanding of the degradation level of the sensory system when the environmental conditions change. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Vergara, Alexander; Fonollosa, Jordi; Mahiques, Jonas; Rulkov, Nikolai; Huerta, Ramon] Univ Calif San Diego, BioCircuits Inst, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Trincavelli, Marco] Ctr Appl Autonomous Sensor Syst, Mobile Robot & Olfact Lab, Orebro, Sweden.
RP Vergara, A (reprint author), NIST, Mat & Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM vergara@ucsd.edu; fonollosa@ucsd.edu
RI Trincavelli, Marco/L-6380-2013; Huerta, Ramon/J-4316-2012; Rulkov,
Nikolai/S-3447-2016; Fonollosa, Jordi/L-2303-2014
OI Trincavelli, Marco/0000-0003-0195-2102; Huerta,
Ramon/0000-0003-3925-5169; Fonollosa, Jordi/0000-0001-8854-8588
FU U.S. Office of Naval Research (ONR) [N00014-07-1-0741]; Jet Propulsion
Laboratory [2012-1455933]; US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command
[W81XWH-10-C-0040]; Elintrix
FX This work has been supported by U.S. Office of Naval Research (ONR)
under the contract number N00014-07-1-0741, by Jet Propulsion Laboratory
under the contract number 2012-1455933, and by the US Army Medical
Research and Materiel Command under contract number W81XWH-10-C-0040 in
collaboration with Elintrix. The views, opinions and/or findings
contained in this report are those of the author(s) and should not be
construed as an official Department of the Army position, policy or
decision unless so designated by other documentation. The authors also
thank Joanna Zytkowicz for proofreading and revising the manuscript.
NR 46
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 3
U2 240
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0925-4005
J9 SENSOR ACTUAT B-CHEM
JI Sens. Actuator B-Chem.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 185
BP 462
EP 477
DI 10.1016/j.snb.2013.05.027
PG 16
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 179HD
UT WOS:000321509600064
ER
PT J
AU Duncan, C
Savage, K
Williams, M
Dickerson, B
Kondas, AV
Fitzpatrick, KA
Guerrero, JL
Spraker, T
Kersh, GJ
AF Duncan, C.
Savage, K.
Williams, M.
Dickerson, B.
Kondas, A. V.
Fitzpatrick, K. A.
Guerrero, J. L.
Spraker, T.
Kersh, G. J.
TI Multiple Strains of Coxiella burnetii are Present in the Environment of
St. Paul Island, Alaska
SO TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE Coxiella burnetii; environment; Alaska; marine mammals
ID SEAL CALLORHINUS-URSINUS; Q-FEVER; INFECTION; DNA
AB In 2010, Coxiella burnetii was identified at a high prevalence in the placentas of Northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus) collected at a single rookery on St. Paul Island Alaska; an area of the United States where the agent was not known to be present. As contamination was hypothesized as a potential cause of false positives, but nothing was known about environmental C.burnetii in the region, an environmental survey was conducted to look for the prevalence and distribution of the organism on the island. While environmental prevalence was low, two strains of the organism were identified using PCR targeting the COM1 and IS1111 genes. The two strains are consistent with the organism that has been increasingly identified in marine mammals as well as a strain type more commonly found in terrestrial environments and associated with disease in humans and terrestrial animals. Further work is needed to elucidate information regarding the ecology of this organism in this region, particularly in association with the coastal environment.
C1 [Duncan, C.; Spraker, T.] Colorado State Univ, Vet Diagnost Lab, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Savage, K.; Williams, M.; Guerrero, J. L.] Alaska Reg Off, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Juneau, AK USA.
[Savage, K.; Williams, M.; Guerrero, J. L.] Alaska Reg Off, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Anchorage, AK USA.
[Dickerson, B.] Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA USA.
[Kondas, A. V.; Fitzpatrick, K. A.; Kersh, G. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Atlanta, GA USA.
RP Duncan, C (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Vet Diagnost Lab, 300 West Drake, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM colleen.duncan@colostate.edu
FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
FX Sincere thanks to individuals who helped collect placental and
environmental samples for use in this study: Dr. Wendi Roe, Sophie
Peirszalowski, Kirsten Dullen and Dustin Carl. All tissue samples were
collected under authority of U.S. Marine Mammal Permit No. 782-1708
issued to the National Marine Mammal Lab, Seattle. A. V. K. was
supported by an appointment to the Emerging Infectious Diseases (EID)
Fellowship program administered by the Association of Public Health
Laboratories (APHL) and funded by the Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDC). The findings and conclusions in this report are those
of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the CDC or
the Department of Health and Human Services.
NR 18
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 9
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1865-1674
J9 TRANSBOUND EMERG DIS
JI Transbound. Emerg. Dis.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 60
IS 4
BP 345
EP 350
DI 10.1111/j.1865-1682.2012.01353.x
PG 6
WC Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences
SC Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences
GA 178KT
UT WOS:000321447500007
PM 22747976
ER
PT J
AU Bielefeldt, AR
Stewart, MW
Mansfield, E
Summers, RS
Ryan, JN
AF Bielefeldt, Angela R.
Stewart, Michael W.
Mansfield, Elisabeth
Summers, R. Scott
Ryan, Joseph N.
TI Effects of chlorine and other water quality parameters on the release of
silver nanoparticles from a ceramic surface
SO WATER RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Silver release; Quartz crystal microbalance; pH; Ionic strength;
Chlorine; Ceramic water filter
ID QUARTZ-CRYSTAL MICROBALANCE; DISSOLUTION; KINETICS
AB A quartz crystal microbalance was used to determine the effects of different water quality parameters on the detachment of silver nanoparticles from surfaces representative of ceramic pot filters (CPFs). Silver nanoparticles stabilized with casein were used in the experiments. The average hydrodynamic diameter of the nanoparticles ranged from 20 nm to 100 nm over a pH range of 6.5-10.5. The isoelectric point was about 3.5 and the zeta potential was -45 mV from pH 4.5 to 9.5. The silver nanoparticles were deposited onto silica surfaces and a quartz crystal microbalance was used to monitor silver release from the surface. At environmentally relevant ranges of pH (4.8-9.3), ionic strength (0 and 150 mol/m(3) NaNO3 or 150 mol/m(3) Ca(NO3)(2)), and turbidity (0 and 51.5 NTU kaolin clay), the rates of silver release were similar. A high concentration of sodium chloride and bacteria (Escherichia coli in 10% tryptic soy broth) caused rapid silver release. Water containing sodium hypochlorite removed 85% of the silver from the silica surface within 3 h. The results suggest that contact between CPFs and prechlorinated water or bleach CPF cleaning should be avoided. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Stewart, Michael W.; Mansfield, Elisabeth] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Bielefeldt, Angela R.; Stewart, Michael W.; Summers, R. Scott; Ryan, Joseph N.] Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Bielefeldt, AR (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, 428 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM angela.bielefeldt@colorado.edu; elisabeth.mansfield@nist.gov
OI BIELEFELDT, ANGELA/0000-0002-7846-9699
FU Professional Research Experience Program (PREP) through the Materials
Reliability Division at the National Institute of Standards and
Technology (NIST) - Boulder
FX Michael Stewart was supported by the Professional Research Experience
Program (PREP) through the Materials Reliability Division at the
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder.
NR 28
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 5
U2 42
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0043-1354
J9 WATER RES
JI Water Res.
PD AUG 1
PY 2013
VL 47
IS 12
SI SI
BP 4032
EP 4039
DI 10.1016/j.watres.2013.01.058
PG 8
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA 173MQ
UT WOS:000321084000018
PM 23582350
ER
PT J
AU Donovan, MK
Friedlander, AM
DeMartini, EE
Donahue, MJ
Williams, ID
AF Donovan, Mary K.
Friedlander, Alan M.
DeMartini, Edward E.
Donahue, Megan J.
Williams, Ivor D.
TI Demographic patterns in the peacock grouper (Cephalopholis argus), an
introduced Hawaiian reef fish
SO ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES
LA English
DT Article
DE Growth rate; Coral reef fish; Cephalopholis argus; Grouper; Invasive;
Marine introduction
ID MARINE PROTECTED AREAS; CORAL-REEF; LIFE-HISTORY; SPATIAL SCALES; WAVE
EXPOSURE; GROWTH; POPULATIONS; ECOLOGY; HABITAT; MODEL
AB This study took advantage of a unique opportunity to collect large sample sizes of a coral reef fish species across a range of physical and biological features of the Hawaiian Archipelago to investigate variability in the demography of an invasive predatory coral reef fish, Cephalopholis argus (Family: Epinephelidae). Age-based demographic analyses were conducted at 10 locations in the main Hawaiian Islands and estimates of weight-at-length, size-at-age, and longevity were compared among locations. Each metric differed among locations, although patterns were not consistent across metrics. Length-weight relationships for C. argus differed among locations and individuals weighed less at a given length at Hilo, the southernmost location studied. Longevity differed among and within islands and was greater at locations on Maui and Hawaii compared to the more northern locations on Oahu and Kauai. Within-island growth patterns differed at Kauai, Oahu, and Hawaii. This work provides a case study of fundamental life history information from distant and/or spatially limited locations that are critical for developing robust fishery models. The differences observed both among and within islands indicate that variability may be driven by cross-scale mechanisms that need to be considered in fisheries stock assessments and ecosystem-based management.
C1 [Donovan, Mary K.; Williams, Ivor D.] NOAA, Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Coral Reef Ecosyst Div, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Friedlander, Alan M.] US Geol Survey, Hawaii Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Friedlander, Alan M.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[DeMartini, Edward E.] NOAA Fisheries, Fisheries Res & Monitoring Div, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Donahue, Megan J.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA.
RP Donovan, MK (reprint author), NOAA, Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Coral Reef Ecosyst Div, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
EM donovan.maryk@gmail.com
OI Donahue, Megan/0000-0002-7529-001X
FU National Science Foundation [OCE08-52301, OCE11-29199]; NOAA's Coral
Reef Conservation Program; Hawaii Cooperative Fisheries Research Unit
FX This project was made possible by the many fishers throughout Hawaii who
have caught roi over the years. Funding was provided by NOAA's Coral
Reef Conservation Program and the Hawaii Cooperative Fisheries Research
Unit. We thank B. Wolfe, V. Scarborough, S. Ciarcia, N. Torkelson, E.
Richards, T. Wooton, B. Roehl, H. Koike, P. Usseglio, K. Stamoulis, E.
Schemmel, I. Iglesias, and H. Holt who assisted with data collection.
Chad Wiggens, J. Giddens and M. Ramsey were instrumental in forming
collaborations and obtaining samples. This project was in collaboration
with P. Bienfang and S. Defelice of the Pacific Research Center for
Marine Biomedicine who were funded by National Science Foundation grants
OCE08-52301 and OCE11-29199.
NR 49
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 36
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0378-1909
J9 ENVIRON BIOL FISH
JI Environ. Biol. Fishes
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 96
IS 8
BP 981
EP 994
DI 10.1007/s10641-012-0095-1
PG 14
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 169ZJ
UT WOS:000320819000008
ER
PT J
AU Arita, S
Pan, ML
Hospital, J
Leung, P
AF Arita, Shawn
Pan, Minling
Hospital, Justin
Leung, PingSun
TI The distributive economic impacts of Hawaii's commercial fishery: A SAM
analysis
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Social Accounting Matrix; Income distribution analysis; Hawaii fishery
ID LINKAGE
AB Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) models include a comprehensive accounting of regional income and institutional factors, and are intended to be capable of assessing distributional analysis. However, in practice, studies generally construct models that are not appropriately designed to capture income linkages. In this study, we demonstrate the use of SAM modeling to assess the income distribution linkages of Hawaii's commercial fishery sector. We identify the distributional characteristics of the economic impact from the fishery industry by mapping industry labor inputs to a state level occupational matrix prior to the linking of household accounts. The distributional analysis of the SAM indicates that Hawaii's longline sectors impact middle income groups most significantly with modest linkages to lower income groups. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Arita, Shawn; Leung, PingSun] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Management, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Arita, Shawn] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Econ, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Pan, Minling; Hospital, Justin] NOAA, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96814 USA.
RP Arita, S (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Management, 3050 Maile Way,Gilmore Hall 109, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
EM aritas@hawaii.edu; minling.pan@noaa.gov; Justin.Hospital@noaa.gov;
psleung@hawaii.edu
FU Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research (JIMAR) of the
University of Hawaii [NA17RJ1230]; National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA) [NA17RJ1230]
FX This study was funded by Cooperative Agreement NA17RJ1230 between the
Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research (JIMAR) of the
University of Hawaii and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA). The views expressed herein are those of the
authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of NOAA or any of its
subdivisions. Constructive comments and suggestions from two anonymous
journal reviewers are very much appreciated. The authors are responsible
for any remaining errors in the article.
NR 9
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 145
BP 82
EP 89
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2013.02.005
PG 8
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 152SA
UT WOS:000319550200010
ER
PT J
AU Kogan, F
Kussul, N
Adamenko, T
Skakun, S
Kravchenko, O
Kryvobok, O
Shelestov, A
Kolotii, A
Kussul, O
Lavrenyuk, A
AF Kogan, Felix
Kussul, Nataliia
Adamenko, Tatiana
Skakun, Sergii
Kravchenko, Oleksii
Kryvobok, Oleksii
Shelestov, Andrii
Kolotii, Andrii
Kussul, Olga
Lavrenyuk, Alla
TI Winter wheat yield forecasting in Ukraine based on Earth observation,
meteorological data and biophysical models
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Remote sensing; Agriculture; Yield; Wheat; Ukraine
ID REMOTE-SENSING DATA; VEGETATION HEALTH INDEXES; CROP GROWTH;
LEAST-SQUARES; CORN YIELD; MODIS DATA; SATELLITE; INFORMATION;
PRODUCTIVITY; ASSIMILATION
AB Ukraine is one of the most developed agriculture countries and one of the biggest crop producers in the world. Timely and accurate crop yield forecasts for Ukraine at regional level become a key element in providing support to policy makers in food security. In this paper, feasibility and relative efficiency of using moderate resolution satellite data to winter wheat forecasting in Ukraine at oblast level is assessed. Oblast is a sub-national administrative unit that corresponds to the NUTS2 level of the Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS) of the European Union. NDVI values were derived from the MODIS sensor at the 250 m spatial resolution. For each oblast NDVI values were averaged for a cropland map (Rainfed croplands class) derived from the ESA GlobCover map, and were used as predictors in the regression models. Using a leave-one-out cross-validation procedure, the best time for making reliable yield forecasts in terms of root mean square error was identified. For most oblasts, NDVI values taken in April-May provided the minimum RMSE value when comparing to the official statistics, thus enabling forecasts 2-3 months prior to harvest. The NDVI-based approach was compared to the following approaches: empirical model based on meteorological observations (with forecasts in April-May that provide minimum RMSE value) and WOFOST crop growth simulation model implemented in the CGMS system (with forecasts in June that provide minimum RMSE value). All three approaches were run to produce winter wheat yield forecasts for independent datasets for 2010 and 2011, i.e. on data that were not used within model calibration process. The most accurate predictions for 2010 were achieved using the CGMS system with the RMSE value of 0.3 t ha(-1) in June and 0.4 t ha(-1) in April, while performance of three approaches for 2011 was almost the same (0.5-0.6 t ha(-1) in April). Both NDVI-based approach and CGMS system over-estimated winter wheat yield comparing to official statistics in 2010, and underestimated it in 2011. Therefore, we can conclude that performance of empirical NDVI-based regression model was similar to meteorological and CGMS models when producing winter wheat yield forecasts at oblast level in Ukraine 2-3 months prior to harvest, while providing minimum requirements to input datasets. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kogan, Felix] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[Kussul, Nataliia; Skakun, Sergii; Kravchenko, Oleksii; Shelestov, Andrii; Kolotii, Andrii] Space Res Inst NASU NSAU, UA-03680 Kiev, Ukraine.
[Adamenko, Tatiana] Ukrainian Hydrometeorol Ctr, UA-01034 Kiev, Ukraine.
[Kryvobok, Oleksii] Ukrainian Hydrometeorol Inst, UA-03650 Kiev, Ukraine.
[Shelestov, Andrii] Natl Univ Life & Environm Sci Ukraine, UA-03680 Kiev, Ukraine.
[Kussul, Nataliia; Skakun, Sergii; Shelestov, Andrii; Kolotii, Andrii; Kussul, Olga; Lavrenyuk, Alla] Natl Tech Univ Ukraine, Kyiv Polytech Inst, UA-03056 Kiev, Ukraine.
RP Kussul, N (reprint author), Space Res Inst NASU NSAU, Glushkov Ave,40,Build 4-1, UA-03680 Kiev, Ukraine.
EM Felix.Kogan@noaa.gov; inform@ikd.kiev.ua; adamenko@meteo.gov.ua;
kryvobok@uhmi.org.ua; andrii.shelestov@gmail.com; olgakussul@gmail.com;
alla.lavrenyuk@gmail.com
RI Kogan, Felix/F-5600-2010; Kussul, Nataliia/N-8649-2014; Shelestov,
Andrii/N-9053-2014; Kolotii, Andrii/D-8635-2015; Skakun,
Sergii/E-2769-2012
OI Kogan, Felix/0000-0001-8216-900X; Kussul, Nataliia/0000-0002-9704-9702;
Shelestov, Andrii/0000-0001-9256-4097; Kolotii,
Andrii/0000-0002-6972-4483; Skakun, Sergii/0000-0002-9039-0174
FU U.S. Civilian Research and Development Foundation (CRDF)
[UKB2-2972-KV-09]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Civilian Research and Development
Foundation (CRDF) Grant "Analysis of climate change & food security
based on remote sensing & in situ data sets" (no. UKB2-2972-KV-09).
NR 43
TC 30
Z9 32
U1 2
U2 94
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0303-2434
J9 INT J APPL EARTH OBS
JI Int. J. Appl. Earth Obs. Geoinf.
PD AUG
PY 2013
VL 23
BP 192
EP 203
DI 10.1016/j.jag.2013.01.002
PG 12
WC Remote Sensing
SC Remote Sensing
GA 120GW
UT WOS:000317159800017
ER
PT J
AU Heideman, CL
Tepfer, S
Lin, QY
Rostek, R
Zschack, P
Anderson, MD
Anderson, IM
Johnson, DC
AF Heideman, Colby L.
Tepfer, Sara
Lin, Qiyin
Rostek, Raimar
Zschack, Paul
Anderson, Michael D.
Anderson, Ian M.
Johnson, David C.
TI Designed Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of a Family of
Ferecrystalline Compounds [(PbSe)(1.00)](m)(MoSe2)(n)
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID MISFIT LAYER COMPOUND; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; SULFIDE;
STATE; MICROANALYSIS; SYSTEM; FILMS
AB The targeted synthesis of multiple compounds with specific controlled nanostructures and identical composition is a grand challenge in materials chemistry. We report the synthesis of the new metastable compounds [(PbSe)(1.00)](m)(MoSe2)(n) using precursors each designed to self-assemble into a specific compound. To form a compound with specific values for m and n, the number of atoms within each deposited elemental layer was carefully controlled to provide the correct absolute number of atoms to form complete layers of each component structural unit. On low-temperature annealing, these structures self-assemble with a specific crystallographic orientation between the component structural units with atomically abrupt interfaces. There is rotational disorder between the component structural units and between MoSe2 basal plane units within the MoSe2 layers themselves. The lead selenide constituent has a distorted rock salt structure exactly m bilayers thick leading to peaks in the off-axis diffraction pattern as a result of the finite size of and rotational disorder between the crystallites. The in-plane lattice parameters of the PbSe and MoSe2 components are independent of the value of m and n, suggesting little or no strain caused by the interface between them. These compounds are small band gap semiconductors with carrier properties dominated by defects and exhibit extremely low thermal conductivity as a result of the rotational disorder. The thermal conductivity can be tuned by varying the ratio of the number of ordered PbSe rock salt layers relative to the number of rotationally disordered MoSe2 layers. This approach, based on controlling the local composition of the precursor and low temperature to limit diffusion rates, provides a general route to the synthesis of new compounds containing alternating layers of constituents with designed nanoarchitecture.
C1 [Heideman, Colby L.] Eastern Oregon Univ, Dept Chem, La Grande, OR 97850 USA.
[Tepfer, Sara; Rostek, Raimar; Anderson, Michael D.; Johnson, David C.] Univ Oregon, Dept Chem, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
[Lin, Qiyin] Univ Calif Irvine, Calif Inst Telecommun & Informat Technol, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
[Zschack, Paul] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Anderson, Michael D.; Anderson, Ian M.] NIST, Surface & Microanal Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Johnson, DC (reprint author), Univ Oregon, Dept Chem, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
EM davej@uoregon.edu
FU National Science Foundation [DMR 0907049, MRI 0923577]; National Science
Foundation through CCI [CHE-1102637]; University of Oregon's National
Science Foundation IGERT Fellowship Program [DGE-0549503]; U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX The authors thank C. Chintescu and D. G. Cahill for thermal conductivity
measurements and Jenia Karapetrova for assistance in synchrotron XRD
data collection. The authors acknowledge support from the National
Science Foundation under grant DMR 0907049 and MRI 0923577. D.C.J.
acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation through CCI
grant no. CHE-1102637 and C.L.H. and M.D.A. acknowledge support from the
University of Oregon's National Science Foundation IGERT Fellowship
Program under grant no. DGE-0549503. Use of the Advanced Photon Source
was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 33
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 2
U2 45
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0002-7863
J9 J AM CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD JUL 31
PY 2013
VL 135
IS 30
BP 11055
EP 11062
DI 10.1021/ja402819q
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 196DF
UT WOS:000322752900037
PM 23819532
ER
PT J
AU Medford, J
Beil, J
Taylor, JM
Rashba, EI
Lu, H
Gossard, AC
Marcus, CM
AF Medford, J.
Beil, J.
Taylor, J. M.
Rashba, E. I.
Lu, H.
Gossard, A. C.
Marcus, C. M.
TI Quantum-Dot-Based Resonant Exchange Qubit
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID COMPUTATION; SPINS
AB We introduce a solid-state qubit in which exchange interactions among confined electrons provide both the static longitudinal field and the oscillatory transverse field, allowing rapid and full qubit control via rf gate-voltage pulses. We demonstrate two-axis control at a detuning sweet spot, where leakage due to hyperfine coupling is suppressed by the large exchange gap. A pi/2-gate time of 2.5 ns and a coherence time of 19 mu s, using multipulse echo, are also demonstrated. Model calculations that include effects of hyperfine noise are in excellent quantitative agreement with experiment.
C1 [Medford, J.; Rashba, E. I.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Beil, J.; Marcus, C. M.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Ctr Quantum Devices, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Taylor, J. M.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Lu, H.; Gossard, A. C.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP Medford, J (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RI Taylor, Jacob/B-7826-2011; Marcus, Charles/M-4526-2014; LU,
Hong/D-3658-2013
OI Taylor, Jacob/0000-0003-0493-5594; Marcus, Charles/0000-0003-2420-4692;
LU, Hong/0000-0002-8340-2739
FU Office of the Director of National Intelligence, Intelligence Advanced
Research Projects Activity (IARPA), through the Army Research Office
Grant [W911NF-12-1-0354]; National Science Foundation Materials World
Network Program; Villum Foundation; Danish National Research Foundation;
NSF Physics Frontier Center at the JQI; Harvard University; DARPA MTO
FX Research was supported in part by the Office of the Director of National
Intelligence, Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity (IARPA),
through the Army Research Office Grant No. W911NF-12-1-0354. We also
acknowledge support from the National Science Foundation Materials World
Network Program, Harvard University, the Villum Foundation, the Danish
National Research Foundation, DARPA MTO, and the NSF Physics Frontier
Center at the JQI. We thank Maja Cassidy, Oliver Dial, David DiVincenzo,
Andrew Doherty, Mark Gyure, Bert Halperin, Ferdinand Kuemmeth, Thaddeus
Ladd, and Arijeet Pal for useful discussions.
NR 26
TC 70
Z9 70
U1 2
U2 29
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JUL 31
PY 2013
VL 111
IS 5
AR 050501
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.050501
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 195UG
UT WOS:000322728500002
PM 23952375
ER
PT J
AU Taylor, JM
Srinivasa, V
Medford, J
AF Taylor, J. M.
Srinivasa, V.
Medford, J.
TI Electrically Protected Resonant Exchange Qubits in Triple Quantum Dots
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SPIN; ELECTRODYNAMICS; COMPUTATION
AB We present a modulated microwave approach for quantum computing with qubits comprising three spins in a triple quantum dot. This approach includes single- and two-qubit gates that are protected against low-frequency electrical noise, due to an operating point with a narrowband response to high frequency electric fields. Furthermore, existing double quantum dot advances, including robust preparation and measurement via spin-to-charge conversion, are immediately applicable to the new qubit. Finally, the electric dipole terms implicit in the high frequency coupling enable strong coupling with superconducting microwave resonators, leading to more robust two-qubit gates.
C1 [Taylor, J. M.; Srinivasa, V.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Medford, J.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Taylor, JM (reprint author), NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM jacob.taylor@nist.gov
RI Taylor, Jacob/B-7826-2011
OI Taylor, Jacob/0000-0003-0493-5594
FU DARPA MTO; NSF
FX The authors acknowledge helpful discussions with C. M. Marcus, D.
DiVincenzo, T. Ladd, M. Gyure, D. Lidar, D. Loss, A. Yacoby, J. Beil,
and E. Rashba. This work was supported by DARPA MTO and by the NSF
funded Physics Frontier Center at the JQI.
NR 43
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JUL 31
PY 2013
VL 111
IS 5
AR 050502
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.050502
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 195UG
UT WOS:000322728500003
PM 23952376
ER
PT J
AU Richerme, P
Senko, C
Smith, J
Lee, A
Korenblit, S
Monroe, C
AF Richerme, P.
Senko, C.
Smith, J.
Lee, A.
Korenblit, S.
Monroe, C.
TI Experimental performance of a quantum simulator: Optimizing adiabatic
evolution and identifying many-body ground states
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID TRAPPED IONS; SYSTEMS; DYNAMICS; PHYSICS; MODELS
AB We use local adiabatic evolution to experimentally create and determine the ground-state spin ordering of a fully connected Ising model with up to 14 spins. Local adiabatic evolution-in which the system evolution rate is a function of the instantaneous energy gap-is found to maximize the ground-state probability compared with other adiabatic methods while requiring knowledge only of the lowest similar to N of the 2(N) Hamiltonian eigenvalues. We also demonstrate that the ground-state ordering can be experimentally identified as the most probable of all possible spin configurations, even when the evolution is highly nonadiabatic.
C1 [Richerme, P.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
Natl Inst Stand & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Richerme, P (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RI Monroe, Christopher/G-8105-2011
FU US Army Research Office (ARO) [W911NF0710576]; DARPA Optical Lattice
Emulator Program; IARPA MQCO Program [W911NF0410234]; NSF Physics
Frontier Center at JQI
FX We thank Jim Freericks for helpful discussions. This work is supported
by the US Army Research Office (ARO) Award No. W911NF0710576 with funds
from the DARPA Optical Lattice Emulator Program, ARO Award No.
W911NF0410234 with funds from the IARPA MQCO Program, and the NSF
Physics Frontier Center at JQI.
NR 49
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Z9 17
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
EI 1094-1622
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD JUL 31
PY 2013
VL 88
IS 1
AR 012334
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.88.012334
PG 7
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 195AV
UT WOS:000322674700003
ER
PT J
AU Trego, ML
Kellar, NM
Danil, K
AF Trego, Marisa L.
Kellar, Nicholas M.
Danil, Kerri
TI Validation of Blubber Progesterone Concentrations for Pregnancy
Determination in Three Dolphin Species and a Porpoise
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID WHALES BALAENOPTERA-ACUTOROSTRATA; REPRODUCTIVE STATUS; SERUM
PROGESTERONE; TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; STEROID-HORMONES
AB Recent studies have validated the use of biopsies as a minimally invasive way to identify pregnant females in several species of wild cetaceans: Balaenaptera acutorostrata, Delphinus delphis, Lissodelphis borealis, and Lagenorhynchus obliquidens. These studies found that progesterone (P4) concentrations quantified from blubber attached to biopsy samples is diagnostic of pregnancy. Here we examine a broader group of cetacean species in efforts to investigate how progesterone levels vary between species with respect to pregnancy status. We compared P4 concentrations in blubber collected from fishery bycatch and beach-stranded specimens for 40 females of known reproductive condition from Delphinus capensis (n = 18), Stenella attenuata (n = 8), S. longirostris (n = 6), and Phocoenoides dalli (n = 8). The P4 concentrations were different (t = -7.1, p = 1.79E-08) between pregnant and non-regnant animals in all species, with the mean blubber P4 concentration for pregnant animals 164 times higher than that of non-pregnant animals. There was no overlap in concentration levels between sexually immature or non-regnant sexually mature animals and pregnant animals. No significant differences (F = 0.354, p = 0.559) were found between mature non-pregnant and immature D. capensis and P dalli, suggesting P4 level is not indicative of maturity state in female delphinoids. P4 concentrations in relation to reproductive state were remarkably similar across species. All samples were analyzed with two different enzyme immunoassay kits to gauge assay sensitivity to measure progesterone in small samples, such as biopsies. With the technique now validated for these cetacean species, blubber P4 is a reliable diagnostic of pregnancies across multiple species, and thus expands the utility of this method to study reproduction in free-ranging cetaceans using biopsies.
C1 [Trego, Marisa L.; Kellar, Nicholas M.; Danil, Kerri] NOAA, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, La Jolla, CA USA.
RP Trego, ML (reprint author), NOAA, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, La Jolla, CA USA.
EM marisa.trego@noaa.gov
FU National Marine Fisheries Service
FX The work presented in this manuscript was supported by the National
Marine Fisheries Service. The funders had no role in study design, data
collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the
manuscript.
NR 22
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 5
U2 26
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD JUL 30
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 7
AR UNSP e69709
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0069709
PG 9
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 201AX
UT WOS:000323114200043
PM 23936083
ER
PT J
AU Bauman, AG
Feary, DA
Heron, SF
Pratchett, MS
Burt, JA
AF Bauman, Andrew G.
Feary, David A.
Heron, Scott F.
Pratchett, Morgan S.
Burt, John A.
TI Multiple environmental factors influence the spatial distribution and
structure of reef communities in the northeastern Arabian Peninsula
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Coral reefs; Coral communities; Persian Gulf; Arabian Gulf; Gulf of
Oman; Strait of Hormuz
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; CORAL-REEFS; INDIAN-OCEAN; MASS MORTALITY; PERSIAN-GULF;
DUBAI; OMAN; RECOVERY; IMPACTS; STRESS
AB Multivariate analysis revealed distinct sub-regional coral communities among the southern Persian Gulf, Strait of Hormuz, and Gulf of Oman. Differences in community structure among locations were associated with considerable spatial heterogeneity in oceanic conditions, and strong directional environmental gradients. Despite clear community differences, considerable changes to coral community structure have occurred throughout the northeastern Arabian Peninsula as compared with previous studies. The most dramatic of these are the apparent changes from Acropora dominated to poritid and faviid dominated communities, particularly in the southern Persian Gulf and Strait of Hormuz. Although temperature and salinity have previously been cited as the major environmental factors structuring coral communities around the region, additional environmental parameters, including chlorophyll-a, surface currents and winds are shown to be important in structuring reef communities throughout the northeastern Arabian Peninsula. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bauman, Andrew G.; Pratchett, Morgan S.] James Cook Univ, ARC Ctr Excellence Coral Reef Studies, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
[Feary, David A.] Univ Technol Sydney, Sch Environm, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
[Heron, Scott F.] NOAA Coral Reef Watch, Townsville, Qld 4817, Australia.
[Heron, Scott F.] James Cook Univ, Sch Engn & Phys Sci, Dept Phys, Marine Geophys Lab, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
[Burt, John A.] New York Univ Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates.
RP Bauman, AG (reprint author), James Cook Univ, ARC Ctr Excellence Coral Reef Studies, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
EM andrew.bauman@my.jcu.edu.au
RI Heron, Scott/E-7928-2011;
OI Burt, John/0000-0001-6087-6424
FU Nakheel - UNU-INWEH joint project "Strategic Management of Marine
Ecosystems in Nakheel Projects"; Environment Agency-Abu Dhabi; Fujairah
Municipality; Oman Ministry of Environment and Climate Affairs; Extra
Divers Musandam; Blue Planet Tourism Musandam; Al Sawadi Beach Resort;
Oman Dive Centre
FX The work was carried out under the auspices of the Nakheel - UNU-INWEH
joint project "Strategic Management of Marine Ecosystems in Nakheel
Projects" as part of baseline data collection. We thank the following
people and organizations that supported this work: E. Grandcourt, A.
Al-Cibahy and the Environment Agency-Abu Dhabi, M. K. Shuriqi and Eng.
A. Qasem and the Fujairah Municipality, L. H. Al-Kharusi and the Oman
Ministry of Environment and Climate Affairs, Extra Divers Musandam, Blue
Planet Tourism Musandam, Al Sawadi Beach Resort, Oman Dive Centre, R.
Baldwin, S. Wilson, F. Vieira, M. Vieira, B. Richardson and P.
Dizon-Bauman. The manuscript contents are solely the opinions of the
authors and do not constitute a statement of policy, decision, or
position on behalf of NOAA or the US Government.
NR 60
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U1 0
U2 38
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PD JUL 30
PY 2013
VL 72
IS 2
BP 302
EP 312
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.10.013
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 199UN
UT WOS:000323021100002
PM 23122765
ER
PT J
AU Walsh, LA
Hughes, G
Lin, J
Hurley, PK
O'Regan, TP
Cockayne, E
Woicik, JC
AF Walsh, Lee A.
Hughes, Greg
Lin, Jun
Hurley, Paul K.
O'Regan, Terrance P.
Cockayne, Eric
Woicik, Joseph C.
TI Hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrical characterization
study of the surface potential in metal/Al2O3/GaAs(100)
metal-oxide-semiconductor structures
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; INTERFACES; PHOTOEMISSION;
GAAS; PHOTOVOLTAGE; CS/GAAS(110)
AB Hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES) has been used to study metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) structures fabricated with both high (Ni) and low (Al) work-function metals on 8-nm thick Al2O3 dielectric layers, deposited on sulfur passivated n- and p-doped GaAs substrates. A binding energy difference of 0.6 eV was measured between the GaAs core levels of the n- and p-doped substrates in the absence of gate metals, indicating different Fermi level positions in the band gap. Subsequent photoemission measurements made on the MOS structures with the different work-function metals displayed very limited change in the GaAs core level binding energies, indicating that the movement of the Fermi level at the Al2O3/GaAs interface is restricted. Using a combination of HAXPES measurements and theoretical calculations, the Fermi level positions in the band gap have been determined to be in the range of 0.4-0.75 eV and 0.8-1.11 eV above the valence band maximum for p- and n-type GaAs, respectively. Analysis of capacitance voltage (C-V) measurements on identically prepared samples yield very similar Fermi level positions at zero applied gate bias. The C-V analysis also indicates a higher interface defect density (D-it) in the upper half of the GaAs bandgap.
C1 [Walsh, Lee A.; Hughes, Greg] Dublin City Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Dublin 9, Ireland.
[Lin, Jun; Hurley, Paul K.] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Cork, Tyndall Natl Inst, Cork, Ireland.
[O'Regan, Terrance P.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA.
[Cockayne, Eric; Woicik, Joseph C.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Walsh, LA (reprint author), Dublin City Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Dublin 9, Ireland.
EM lee.walsh36@mail.dcu.ie
OI Hughes, Greg/0000-0003-1310-8961; Hughes, Gregory/0000-0002-1358-9032
FU SFI [SFI/09/IN.1/I2633]; US Department of Energy, Office of Science,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]
FX The authors from Dublin City University and the Tyndall National
Institute acknowledge the financial support of SFI under Grant No.
SFI/09/IN.1/I2633. The central fabrication facility at Tyndall are
acknowledged for the fabrication of the experimental samples used in
this work. Ian Povey from Tyndall is acknowledged for the ALD growth of
the Al2O3 layers. Abdul K. Rumaiz is acknowledged
for the fitting of the theoretical DOS used in this work. Access to the
X24A HAXPES beamline at Brookhaven National Laboratory was obtained
through a General User Proposal. Use of the National Synchrotron Light
Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, was supported by the US
Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886.
NR 30
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 5
U2 44
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD JUL 30
PY 2013
VL 88
IS 4
AR 045322
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.88.045322
PG 7
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 193UV
UT WOS:000322587900002
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, T
Ha, J
Levy, N
Kuk, Y
Stroscio, J
AF Zhang, Tong
Ha, Jeonghoon
Levy, Niv
Kuk, Young
Stroscio, Joseph
TI Electric-Field Tuning of the Surface Band Structure of Topological
Insulator Sb2Te3 Thin Films
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SINGLE DIRAC CONE; BI2SE3; TRANSPORT; BI2TE3
AB We measured the response of the surface state spectrum of epitaxial Sb2Te3 thin films to applied gate electric fields by low temperature scanning tunneling microscopy. The gate dependent shift of the Fermi level and the screening effect from bulk carriers vary as a function of film thickness. We observed a gap opening at the Dirac point for films thinner than four quintuple layers, due to the coupling of the top and bottom surfaces. Moreover, the top surface state band gap of the three quintuple layer films was found to be tunable by a back gate, indicating the possibility of observing a topological phase transition in this system. Our results are well explained by an effective model of 3D topological insulator thin films with structure inversion asymmetry, indicating that three quintuple layer Sb2Te3 films are topologically nontrivial and belong to the quantum spin Hall insulator class.
C1 [Zhang, Tong; Ha, Jeonghoon; Levy, Niv; Stroscio, Joseph] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Zhang, Tong; Ha, Jeonghoon; Levy, Niv] Univ Maryland, Maryland NanoCtr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Ha, Jeonghoon; Kuk, Young] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Seoul 151747, South Korea.
RP Stroscio, J (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM joseph.stroscio@nist.gov
FU University of Maryland; National Institute of Standards and Technology
Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology through the University of
Maryland [70NANB10H193]; Korea Research Foundation [KRF-2010-00349]
FX We thank Mark Stiles, Paul Haney, Minsung Kim, and Jisoon Ihm for useful
discussions. We thank Steve Blankenship and Alan Band for technical
assistance. N. L., T. Z., and J. H. acknowledge support under the
Cooperative Research Agreement between the University of Maryland and
the National Institute of Standards and Technology Center for Nanoscale
Science and Technology, Grant No. 70NANB10H193, through the University
of Maryland. J. H. and Y. K. are partly supported by Korea Research
Foundation through Grant No. KRF-2010-00349.
NR 37
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U1 12
U2 122
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JUL 30
PY 2013
VL 111
IS 5
AR 056803
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.056803
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 193XR
UT WOS:000322595300010
PM 23952429
ER
PT J
AU Kirkali, G
Jaruga, P
Reddy, PT
Tona, A
Nelson, BC
Li, MX
Wilson, DM
Dizdaroglu, M
AF Kirkali, Gueldal
Jaruga, Pawel
Reddy, Prasad T.
Tona, Alessandro
Nelson, Bryant C.
Li, Mengxia
Wilson, David M., III
Dizdaroglu, Miral
TI Identification and Quantification of DNA Repair Protein
Apurinic/Apyrimidinic Endonuclease 1 (APE1) in Human Cells by Liquid
Chromatography/Isotope-Dilution Tandem Mass Spectrometry
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID BASE EXCISION-REPAIR; AMYOTROPHIC-LATERAL-SCLEROSIS; HUMAN APURINIC
ENDONUCLEASE; ACID SUBSTITUTION VARIANTS; MAJOR HUMAN; ABASIC
ENDONUCLEASE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; ENZYME HAP1; APE1/REF-1; GENES
AB Unless repaired, DNA damage can drive mutagenesis or cell death. DNA repair proteins may therefore be used as biomarkers in disease etiology or therapeutic response prediction. Thus, the accurate determination of DNA repair protein expression and genotype is of fundamental importance. Among DNA repair proteins involved in base excision repair, apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) is the major endonuclease in mammals and plays important roles in transcriptional regulation and modulating stress responses. Here, we present a novel approach involving LC-MS/MS with isotope-dilution to positively identify and accurately quantify APE1 in human cells and mouse tissue. A completely N-15-labeled full-length human APE1 was produced and used as an internal standard. Fourteen tryptic peptides of both human APE1 (hAPE1) and N-15-labeled hAPE1 were identified following trypsin digestion. These peptides matched the theoretical peptides expected from trypsin digestion and provided a statistically significant protein score that would unequivocally identify hAPE1. Using the developed methodology, APE1 was positively identified and quantified in nuclear and cytoplasmic extracts of multiple human cell lines and mouse liver using selected-reaction monitoring of typical mass transitions of the tryptic peptides. We also show that the methodology can be applied to the identification of hAPE1 variants found in the human population. The results describe a novel approach for the accurate measurement of wild-type and variant forms of hAPE1 in vivo, and ultimately for defining the role of this protein in disease development and treatment responses.
C1 [Kirkali, Gueldal; Jaruga, Pawel; Reddy, Prasad T.; Dizdaroglu, Miral] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Biomol Measurement Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Tona, Alessandro; Nelson, Bryant C.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Biosyst & Biomat Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Li, Mengxia; Wilson, David M., III] NIA, NIH, Lab Mol Gerontol, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA.
RP Dizdaroglu, M (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Biomol Measurement Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM miral@nist.gov
RI Jaruga, Pawel/M-4378-2015
FU Intramural Research Program at the National Institutes of Health,
National Institute on Aging
FX This work was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program at
the National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging. The
funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis,
decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 47
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U1 1
U2 9
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD JUL 29
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 7
AR e69894
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0069894
PG 16
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 204MP
UT WOS:000323369700098
PM 23922845
ER
PT J
AU Pratchett, MS
McCowan, D
Maynard, JA
Heron, SF
AF Pratchett, Morgan S.
McCowan, Dominique
Maynard, Jeffrey A.
Heron, Scott F.
TI Changes in Bleaching Susceptibility among Corals Subject to Ocean
Warming and Recurrent Bleaching in Moorea, French Polynesia
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID GREAT-BARRIER-REEF; CLIMATE-CHANGE; THERMAL-STRESS; COMMUNITIES;
RESILIENCE; MORTALITY; FUTURE; SHIFTS; EVENT; IMPACTS
AB Background: Climate-induced coral bleaching poses a major threat to coral reef ecosystems, mostly because of the sensitivities of key habitat-forming corals to increasing temperature. However, susceptibility to bleaching varies greatly among coral genera and there are likely to be major changes in the relative abundance of different corals, even if the wholesale loss of corals does not occur for several decades. Here we document variation in bleaching susceptibility among key genera of reef-building corals in Moorea, French Polynesia, and compare bleaching incidence during mass-bleaching events documented in 1991, 1994, 2002 and 2007.
Methodology/Principal Findings: This study compared the proportion of colonies that bleached for four major genera of reef-building corals (Acropora, Montipora, Pocillopora and Porites), during each of four well-documented bleaching events from 1991 to 2007. Acropora and Montipora consistently bleached in far greater proportions (up to 98%) than Pocillopora and Porites. However, there was an apparent and sustained decline in the proportion of colonies that bleached during successive bleaching events, especially for Acropora and Montipora. In 2007, only 77% of Acropora colonies bleached compared with 98% in 1991. Temporal variation in the proportion of coral colonies bleached may be attributable to differences in environmental conditions among years. Alternately, the sustained declines in bleaching incidence among highly susceptible corals may be indicative of acclimation or adaptation.
Conclusions/Significance: Coral genera that are highly susceptible to coral bleaching, and especially Acropora and Montipora, exhibit temporal declines in their susceptibility to thermal anomalies at Moorea, French Polynesia. One possible explanation for these findings is that gradual removal of highly susceptible genotypes (through selective mortality of individuals, populations, and/or species) is producing a coral assemblage that is more resistant to sustained and ongoing ocean warming.
C1 [Pratchett, Morgan S.; McCowan, Dominique] James Cook Univ North Queensland, Australian Res Council Ctr Excellence Coral Reef, Townsville, Qld, Australia.
[Maynard, Jeffrey A.] CRIOBE, Lab Excellence CORAIL USR CNRS EPHE 3278, Papetoai, Moorea, Fr Polynesia.
[Maynard, Jeffrey A.] CREST Res Pk UNCW, Ctr Marine Sci, Wilmington, NC USA.
[Heron, Scott F.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm Coral Reef Watch, Townsville, Qld, Australia.
[Heron, Scott F.] James Cook Univ, Marine Geophys Lab, Sch Engn & Phys Sci, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
RP Pratchett, MS (reprint author), James Cook Univ North Queensland, Australian Res Council Ctr Excellence Coral Reef, Townsville, Qld, Australia.
EM morgan.pratchett@jcu.edu.au
RI Heron, Scott/E-7928-2011
FU Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies;
Australian Research Council (Australian Research Fellowship); Centre
National de la Recherche Scientifique; Centre de Recherches Insulaires
et Observatoire de l'Environnement
FX This research was supported by the Australian Research Council Centre of
Excellence for Coral Reef Studies. The work was supported by grants to
MP from the Australian Research Council (Australian Research Fellowship)
and from and from Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and
Centre de Recherches Insulaires et Observatoire de l'Environnement to
JM. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and
analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 51
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U1 2
U2 49
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD JUL 29
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 7
AR e70443
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0070443
PG 10
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 204MP
UT WOS:000323369700183
PM 23922992
ER
PT J
AU Zhu, H
Hacker, CA
Pookpanratana, SJ
Richter, CA
Yuan, H
Li, HT
Kirillov, O
Ioannou, DE
Li, QL
AF Zhu, Hao
Hacker, Christina A.
Pookpanratana, Sujitra J.
Richter, Curt A.
Yuan, Hui
Li, Haitao
Kirillov, Oleg
Ioannou, Dimitris E.
Li, Qiliang
TI Non-volatile memory with self-assembled ferrocene charge trapping layer
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLECULAR ELECTRONIC JUNCTIONS; MONOLAYERS; DEVICES; SIO2
AB A metal/oxide/molecule/oxide/Si capacitor structure containing redox-active ferrocene molecules has been fabricated for non-volatile memory application. Cyclic voltammetry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to measure the molecules in the structure, showing that the molecules attach on SiO2/Si and the molecules are functional after device fabrication. These solid-state molecular memory devices have fast charge-storage speed and can endure more than 10(9) program/erase cycles. This excellent performance is derived from the intrinsic properties of the redox-active molecules and the hybrid Si-molecular device structure. These molecular devices are very attractive for future high-level non-volatile memory applications. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Zhu, Hao; Yuan, Hui; Li, Haitao; Ioannou, Dimitris E.; Li, Qiliang] George Mason Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Zhu, Hao; Hacker, Christina A.; Pookpanratana, Sujitra J.; Richter, Curt A.; Yuan, Hui; Li, Haitao; Kirillov, Oleg; Li, Qiliang] NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Li, QL (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
EM qli6@gmu.edu
RI Li, Qiliang/B-2225-2015
OI Li, Qiliang/0000-0001-9778-7695
FU US NIST Grant [60NANB11D148]; US NSF Grant [ECCS-0846649]; Virginia
Microelectronics Consortium Research Grant
FX The work described here was supported by US NIST Grant 60NANB11D148, US
NSF Grant ECCS-0846649, and Virginia Microelectronics Consortium
Research Grant.
NR 21
TC 11
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U1 4
U2 46
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JUL 29
PY 2013
VL 103
IS 5
AR 053102
DI 10.1063/1.4817009
PG 4
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 195SD
UT WOS:000322723000073
ER
PT J
AU Papp, SB
Del'Haye, P
Diddams, SA
AF Papp, Scott B.
Del'Haye, Pascal
Diddams, Scott A.
TI Parametric seeding of a microresonator optical frequency comb
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID GENERATION; SPECTROSCOPY; CHIP; MICROCAVITIES; RESONATOR; NOISE
AB We have investigated parametric seeding of a microresonator frequency comb (microcomb) by way of a pump laser with two electrooptic-modulation sidebands. We show that the pump-sideband spacing is precisely replicated throughout the microcomb's optical spectrum, and we demonstrate a record absolute line-spacing stability for microcombs of 1.6 x 10(-13) at 1 s. The spectrum of a microcomb is complex, and often non-equidistant subcombs are observed. Our results demonstrate that parametric seeding can not only control the subcombs, but can lead to the generation of a strictly equidistant microcomb spectrum. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America
C1 [Papp, Scott B.; Del'Haye, Pascal; Diddams, Scott A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Papp, SB (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM scott.papp@nist.gov
RI Diddams, Scott/L-2819-2013; Del'Haye, Pascal/G-2588-2016
OI Del'Haye, Pascal/0000-0002-6517-6942
FU DARPA QuASAR program; NASA; NIST
FX We are grateful to Hansuek Lee, Jiang Li, and Kerry Vahala for providing
the silica disk resonator. We thank Lora Nugent-Glandorf and Frank
Quinlan for providing helpful comments on this manuscript. This work is
supported by the DARPA QuASAR program, NASA, and NIST. It is a
contribution of the US government (NIST) and is not subject to copyright
in the United States.
NR 29
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 1
U2 36
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD JUL 29
PY 2013
VL 21
IS 15
BP 17615
EP 17624
DI 10.1364/OE.21.017615
PG 10
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 190UJ
UT WOS:000322366300023
PM 23938634
ER
PT J
AU Ravets, S
Hoffman, JE
Orozco, LA
Rolston, SL
Beadie, G
Fatemi, FK
AF Ravets, S.
Hoffman, J. E.
Orozco, L. A.
Rolston, S. L.
Beadie, G.
Fatemi, F. K.
TI A low-loss photonic silica nanofiber for higher-order modes
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID OPTICAL NANOFIBER; TAPERS
AB Optical nanofibers confine light to subwavelength scales, and are of interest for the design, integration, and interconnection of nanophotonic devices. Here we demonstrate high transmission (> 97%) of the first family of excited modes through a 350 nm radius fiber, by appropriate choice of the fiber and precise control of the taper geometry. We can design the nanofibers so that these modes propagate with most of their energy outside the waist region. We also present an optical setup for selectively launching these modes with less than 1% fundamental mode contamination. Our experimental results are in good agreement with simulations of the propagation. Multimode optical nanofibers expand the photonic toolbox, and may aid in the realization of a fully integrated nanoscale device for communication science, laser science or other sensing applications. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America
C1 [Ravets, S.; Hoffman, J. E.; Orozco, L. A.; Rolston, S. L.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Ravets, S.; Hoffman, J. E.; Orozco, L. A.; Rolston, S. L.] NIST, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Ravets, S.] Univ Paris Sud, CNRS, Inst Opt, Lab Charles Fabry, F-91127 Palaiseau, France.
[Beadie, G.; Fatemi, F. K.] Naval Res Lab, Div Opt Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Orozco, LA (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM lorozco@umd.edu
RI rolston, steven/L-5175-2013
OI rolston, steven/0000-0003-1671-4190
FU ONR; ARO Atomtronics MURI; DARPA; NSF through the PFC at JQI; Fulbright
Foundation
FX This work was funded by ONR, the ARO Atomtronics MURI, DARPA, and the
NSF through the PFC at JQI. S. R. acknowledges support from the
Fulbright Foundation.
NR 22
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 2
U2 43
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD JUL 29
PY 2013
VL 21
IS 15
BP 18325
EP 18335
DI 10.1364/OE.21.018325
PG 11
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 190UJ
UT WOS:000322366300093
PM 23938704
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, ZG
Zhang, Y
Wang, W
Huang, RX
AF Zhang, Zhengguang
Zhang, Yu
Wang, Wei
Huang, Rin Xin
TI Universal structure of mesoscale eddies in the ocean
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE geostrophic eddy; three-dimensional structure; universal; ocean
ID STRATIFIED FLUID; PACIFIC-OCEAN; NORTH PACIFIC; EDDY; VORTICES
AB Mesoscale eddies dominate oceanic kinetic energy at sub-initial frequencies. Their three-dimensional structure has, however, remained obscure, hindering better understanding of eddy dynamics. Here by applying the composite analysis of satellite altimetry and Argo float data to the globe, we show that despite remarkable regional differences in amplitude, extent and polarity, etc., mesoscale eddies have a universal structure in normalized stretched coordinates. Horizontally, the associated pressure anomaly is well described by a function of the normalized radial distance from the eddy center R(r(n))=(1-r(n)(2)/2)center dot exp(-r(n)(2)/2), z(s)=integral(z)(0)(N/f)dz, whereas vertically it is sinusoidal in a stretched coordinate , where N and f are the buoyancy frequency and the Coriolis parameter.
C1 [Zhang, Zhengguang; Wang, Wei] Ocean Univ China, Phys Oceanog Lab, Qingdao, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Yu] Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Huang, Rin Xin] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Phys Oceanog, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Zhang, Y (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, 201 Forrestal Rd,Forrestal Campus, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM yuz@princeton.edu
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41276014]; National Basic
Research Priorities Program of China [2013CB430303]
FX The authors thank China Argo Real-time Data Center for providing their
Argo floats data. This research was supported by the National Natural
Science Foundation of China under grant 41276014 and the National Basic
Research Priorities Program of China through grant 2013CB430303. The
authors thank Dudley B. Chelton and another anonymous reviewer for their
constructive comments, which improved the quality of the article.
NR 18
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 4
U2 30
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUL 28
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 14
BP 3677
EP 3681
DI 10.1002/grl.50736
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 204TP
UT WOS:000323392700034
ER
PT J
AU Bollasina, MA
Ming, Y
Ramaswamy, V
AF Bollasina, Massimo A.
Ming, Yi
Ramaswamy, V.
TI Earlier onset of the Indian monsoon in the late twentieth century: The
role of anthropogenic aerosols
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Indian monsoon onset; anthropogenic aerosols; twentieth century trend;
historical GCM experiments
ID BLACK CARBON AEROSOLS; ASIAN SUMMER MONSOON; ABSORBING AEROSOLS;
CLIMATE; CLOUDS
AB The impact of the late twentieth century increase of anthropogenic aerosols on the Indian monsoon onset was investigated with a state-of-the-art climate model with fully interactive aerosols and chemistry. We find that aerosols are likely responsible for the observed earlier onset, resulting in enhanced June precipitation over most of India. This shift is preceded by strong aerosol forcing over the Bay of Bengal and Indochina, mostly attributable to the direct effect, resulting in increased atmospheric stability that inhibits the monsoon migration in May. The adjusted atmospheric circulation leads to thermodynamic changes over the northwestern continental region, including increased surface temperature and near-surface moist static energy, which support a stronger June flow and, facilitated by a relative warming of the Indian Ocean, a vigorous northwestward precipitation shift. These findings underscore the importance of dynamical feedbacks and of regional land-surface processes for the aerosol-monsoon link.
C1 [Bollasina, Massimo A.] Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Bollasina, Massimo A.; Ming, Yi; Ramaswamy, V.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
RP Bollasina, MA (reprint author), NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, 201 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM massimo.bollasina@noaa.gov
RI Ming, Yi/F-3023-2012
FU Princeton Environmental Institute; BP
FX We thank David Paynter for the helpful discussions, Tim Merlis and David
Paynter for reviewing an earlier version of the manuscript, and the two
anonymous reviewers. M. A. B. was partly supported by the Princeton
Environmental Institute with support from BP.
NR 23
TC 21
Z9 23
U1 2
U2 31
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUL 28
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 14
BP 3715
EP 3720
DI 10.1002/grl.50719
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 204TP
UT WOS:000323392700041
ER
PT J
AU Knuffman, B
Steele, AV
McClelland, JJ
AF Knuffman, B.
Steele, A. V.
McClelland, J. J.
TI Cold atomic beam ion source for focused ion beam applications
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID MAGNETOOPTICAL TRAP; CESIUM; PROBE; COMPRESSION; MICROSCOPE; INTENSE;
SLOW; SIMS
AB We report measurements and modeling of an ion source that is based on ionization of a laser-cooled atomic beam. We show a high brightness and a low energy spread, suitable for use in next-generation, high-resolution focused ion beam systems. Our measurements of total ion current as a function of ionization conditions support an analytical model that also predicts the cross-sectional current density and spatial distribution of ions created in the source. The model predicts a peak brightness of 2 x 10(7) A m(-2) sr(-1) eV(-1) and an energy spread less than 0.34 eV. The model is also combined with Monte-Carlo simulations of the inter-ion Coulomb forces to show that the source can be operated at several picoamperes with a brightness above 1 x 10(7) A m(-2) sr(-1) eV(-1). We estimate that when combined with a conventional ion focusing column, an ion source with these properties could focus a 1 pA beam into a spot smaller than 1 nm. A total current greater than 5 nA was measured in a lower-brightness configuration of the ion source, demonstrating the possibility of a high current mode of operation. (C) 2013 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.
C1 [Knuffman, B.; Steele, A. V.; McClelland, J. J.] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Knuffman, B.; Steele, A. V.] Univ Maryland, Maryland Nanoctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Knuffman, B.; Steele, A. V.] zeroK NanoTech, Montgomery Village, MD 20886 USA.
RP Steele, AV (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM adam@zerok.com
RI McClelland, Jabez/A-2358-2015
OI McClelland, Jabez/0000-0001-5672-5965
FU University of Maryland; National Institute of Standards and Technology
Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, through the University of
Maryland [70NANB10H193]; National Science Foundation [1248521]
FX B.K. and A. V. S. acknowledge support under the Cooperative Research
Agreement between the University of Maryland and the National Institute
of Standards and Technology Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology,
Grant No. 70NANB10H193, through the University of Maryland and from the
National Science Foundation under Grant No. 1248521.
NR 28
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 23
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD JUL 28
PY 2013
VL 114
IS 4
AR 044303
DI 10.1063/1.4816248
PG 7
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 193DZ
UT WOS:000322539300080
ER
PT J
AU Mansfield, ML
Douglas, JF
AF Mansfield, Marc L.
Douglas, Jack F.
TI Shape characteristics of equilibrium and non-equilibrium fractal
clusters
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID DIFFUSION-LIMITED AGGREGATION; RANDOM-FLIGHT CHAINS;
RENORMALIZATION-GROUP APPROACH; TETRAHEDRAL LATTICE CHAINS;
MONTE-CARLO-SIMULATION; BRANCHED RANDOM-WALKS; RING POLYMERS;
STATISTICAL-MECHANICS; THETA SYSTEMS; SIZE
AB It is often difficult in practice to discriminate between equilibrium and non-equilibrium nanoparticle or colloidal-particle clusters that form through aggregation in gas or solution phases. Scattering studies often permit the determination of an apparent fractal dimension, but both equilibrium and non-equilibrium clusters in three dimensions frequently have fractal dimensions near 2, so that it is often not possible to discriminate on the basis of this geometrical property. A survey of the anisotropy of a wide variety of polymeric structures (linear and ring random and self-avoiding random walks, percolation clusters, lattice animals, diffusion-limited aggregates, and Eden clusters) based on the principal components of both the radius of gyration and electric polarizability tensor indicates, perhaps counter-intuitively, that self-similar equilibrium clusters tend to be intrinsically anisotropic at all sizes, while non-equilibrium processes such as diffusion-limited aggregation or Eden growth tend to be isotropic in the large-mass limit, providing a potential means of discriminating these clusters experimentally if anisotropy could be determined along with the fractal dimension. Equilibrium polymer structures, such as flexible polymer chains, are normally self-similar due to the existence of only a single relevant length scale, and are thus anisotropic at all length scales, while non-equilibrium polymer structures that grow irreversibly in time eventually become isotropic if there is no difference in the average growth rates in different directions. There is apparently no proof of these general trends and little theoretical insight into what controls the universal anisotropy in equilibrium polymer structures of various kinds. This is an obvious topic of theoretical investigation, as well as a matter of practical interest. To address this general problem, we consider two experimentally accessible ratios, one between the hydrodynamic and gyration radii, the other between the viscosity and hydrodynamic radii, as potential measures of shape anisotropy. We also find a strong correlation between anisotropy and effective fractal dimension. These observations should provide new practical methods for quantifying the nature of particle clustering in diverse contexts. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Mansfield, Marc L.] Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA.
[Douglas, Jack F.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Mansfield, ML (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Bingham Res Ctr, Vernal, UT 84078 USA.
EM marc.mansfield@usu.edu; jack.douglas@nist.gov
NR 62
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 28
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD JUL 28
PY 2013
VL 139
IS 4
AR 044901
DI 10.1063/1.4813020
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 198VA
UT WOS:000322949300063
PM 23902013
ER
PT J
AU McAfee, SA
Guentchev, G
Eischeid, JK
AF McAfee, Stephanie A.
Guentchev, Galina
Eischeid, Jon K.
TI Reconciling precipitation trends in Alaska: 1. Station-based analyses
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE precipitation; trends; Alaska
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; NORTHERN ALASKA; HOMOGENEITY; 20TH-CENTURY; TEMPERATURE;
REGIONS; REGIMES
AB Numerous studies have evaluated precipitation trends in Alaska and come to different conclusions. These studies differ in analysis period and methodology and do not address the issue of temporal homogeneity. To reconcile these conflicting results, we selected 29 stations with largely complete monthly records, screened them for homogeneity, and then evaluated trend over two analysis periods (1950-2010 and 1980-2010) using three methods: least absolute deviation regression, ordinary least squares regression (with and without transformation), and Mann-Kendall trend testing following removal of first-order autocorrelation. We found that differences in analytical period had a significant impact on trends and that the presence of inhomogeneities or step changes also posed a substantial challenge in detecting reliable long-term trends in precipitation over Alaska, particularly in the southern part of the state. Although some of these inhomogeneities occur in the mid-1970s and could be associated with well-documented changes in the Pacific Ocean and the Aleutian Low at that time, many of the inhomogeneities co-occur with changes in station location, instrumentation, or operation. These operationally induced changes make it difficult to accurately detect the impact of decadal to multidecadal climate variability on precipitation amounts and to assess historical precipitation trends in Alaska.
C1 [McAfee, Stephanie A.] Wilderness Soc, Anchorage, AK USA.
[Eischeid, Jon K.] Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP McAfee, SA (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Geog, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
EM smcafee@unr.edu
FU Arctic Landscape Conservation Cooperative; Wilderness Society
FX We would like to thank Gary Hufford, Rick Thoman, Edward Plumb, Carl
Dierking, and Ted Fathaeur for providing their insight on the operation
of Alaska's weather stations and for providing data from the Cooperative
station at Eagle. We would also like to thank John Walsh and an
anonymous reviewer; their comments on the manuscript improved it
greatly. Funding for this project was provided by the Arctic Landscape
Conservation Cooperative and The Wilderness Society.
NR 52
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 19
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUL 27
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 14
BP 7523
EP 7541
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50572
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 201DL
UT WOS:000323120800010
ER
PT J
AU Commane, R
Herndon, SC
Zahniser, MS
Lerner, BM
McManus, JB
Munger, JW
Nelson, DD
Wofsy, SC
AF Commane, R.
Herndon, S. C.
Zahniser, M. S.
Lerner, B. M.
McManus, J. B.
Munger, J. W.
Nelson, D. D.
Wofsy, S. C.
TI Carbonyl sulfide in the planetary boundary layer: Coastal and
continental influences
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE carbonyl sulfide; high frequency measurement; photosynthesis; wetland
emission; marine source
ID QUANTUM CASCADE LASER; DIMETHYL SULFIDE; SULFUR GASES; STOMATAL
CONDUCTANCE; GROWING-SEASON; SPRUCE FOREST; FTIR PRODUCT; COS;
ATMOSPHERE; EXCHANGE
AB Measurements of carbonyl sulfide (OCS) have been proposed to provide a unique constraint on carbon assimilation by the biosphere that is independent of the influence of plant and soil respiration of CO2, but this constraint depends on a comprehensive understanding of the processes controlling OCS in the biosphere. We conducted a high-resolution temporal and spatial survey of OCS and CO2 mixing ratios during the California Nexus Experiment research cruise along the coast of California (U.S.) and into the Sacramento River Delta using a newly constructed compact quantum cascade laser spectrometer (precision for OCS of <8pptv (pmol/mol) at 1Hz). The temporal and spatial resolution of the measurements revealed a number of specific processes related to known sources and sinks. The observations demonstrate OCS uptake during daytime photosynthetic uptake of CO2, OCS depletion during nighttime forest respiration of CO2, and OCS emission from a freshwater marsh. OCS emission was observed in one anthropogenically influenced plume, but, overall, no correlation was observed between OCS and SO2, and the use of scaled SO2 emission fields in global budgets of OCS should be reconsidered for areas with strict sulfur emission controls, such as California. The observations show that, in a homogeneous ecosystem on a local scale, OCS may be a proxy for CO2 uptake. However, at larger scales that span heterogeneous environments, in order to confidently quantify any single process, competing processes must be either relatively small or well quantified.
C1 [Commane, R.; Munger, J. W.; Wofsy, S. C.] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Herndon, S. C.; Zahniser, M. S.; McManus, J. B.; Nelson, D. D.] Aerodyne Res Inc, Billerica, MA USA.
[Lerner, B. M.] NOAA, Earth Syst Sci Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Commane, R (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM rcommane@seas.harvard.edu
RI Lerner, Brian/H-6556-2013; Commane, Roisin/E-4835-2016; Munger,
J/H-4502-2013; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Lerner, Brian/0000-0001-8721-8165; Commane, Roisin/0000-0003-1373-1550;
Munger, J/0000-0002-1042-8452;
FU NOAA [NA100AR4310101, NA090AR4310122]; DOE SBIR Grant [DE-5C0001801]
FX We thank Eric Williams, NOAA, for SO2 data. This work was
supported by NOAA grants NA100AR4310101 and NA090AR4310122 and DOE SBIR
Grant DE-5C0001801. We thank the crew and scientists on the R/V Atlantis
for their support. Thanks also to Ryan McGovern for instrument assembly
and testing.
NR 47
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 40
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUL 27
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 14
BP 8001
EP 8009
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50581
PG 9
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 201DL
UT WOS:000323120800045
ER
PT J
AU McPeters, RD
Bhartia, PK
Haffner, D
Labow, GJ
Flynn, L
AF McPeters, Richard D.
Bhartia, P. K.
Haffner, D.
Labow, Gordon J.
Flynn, Larry
TI The version 8.6 SBUV ozone data record: An overview
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE ozone climatology
ID TEMPERATURE; RETRIEVAL; GOME
AB Under a NASA program to produce long-term data records from instruments on multiple satellites, data from a series of nine Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet (SBUV and SBUV/2) instruments have been reprocessed to create a coherent ozone time series. Data from the BUV instrument on Nimbus 4, SBUV on Nimbus 7, and SBUV/2 instruments on NOAA 9, 11, 14, 16, 17, 18, and 19 covering the period 1970-1972 and 1979-2011 were used to create a long-term data set. The goal is an ozone Earth Science Data Recorda consistent, calibrated ozone time series that can be used for trend analyses and other studies. In order to create this ozone data set, the radiances were adjusted and used to reprocess the entire data records for each of the nine instruments. Interinstrument comparisons during periods of overlap as well as comparisons with data from other satellite and ground-based instruments were used to evaluate the consistency of the record and make calibration adjustments as needed. Additional improvements in this version 8.6 processing included the use of the Brion, Daumont, and Malicet ozone cross sections, and a cloud-height climatology derived from Aura OMI measurements. Validation of the reprocessed ozone shows that total column ozone is consistent with the Brewer/Dobson network to within about 1% for the new time series. Comparisons with MLS, SAGE, sondes, and lidar show that ozone at individual levels in the stratosphere is generally consistent to within 5%.
C1 [McPeters, Richard D.; Bhartia, P. K.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Atmospheres Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Haffner, D.; Labow, Gordon J.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD USA.
[Flynn, Larry] NOAA NESDIS, College Pk, MD USA.
RP McPeters, RD (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Atmospheres Lab, Code 614, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM Richard.D.McPeters@nasa.gov
RI Flynn, Lawrence/B-6321-2009; McPeters, Richard/G-4955-2013; Bhartia,
Pawan/A-4209-2016
OI Flynn, Lawrence/0000-0001-6856-2614; McPeters,
Richard/0000-0002-8926-8462; Bhartia, Pawan/0000-0001-8307-9137
NR 23
TC 36
Z9 40
U1 0
U2 16
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUL 27
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 14
BP 8032
EP 8039
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50597
PG 8
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 201DL
UT WOS:000323120800048
ER
PT J
AU Moradi, I
Soden, B
Ferraro, R
Arkin, P
Vomel, H
AF Moradi, Isaac
Soden, Brian
Ferraro, Ralph
Arkin, Phillip
Voemel, Holger
TI Assessing the quality of humidity measurements from global operational
radiosonde sensors
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE radiosonde data; water vapor; microwave remote sensing; tropospheric
humidity; satellite data; radiative transfer
ID TROPOSPHERIC WATER-VAPOR; ERRORS; SATELLITE; CLIMATE
AB The quality of humidity measurements from global operational radiosonde sensors in upper, middle, and lower troposphere for the period 2000-2011 were investigated using satellite observations from three microwave water vapor channels operating at 183.31 +/- 1, 183.31 +/- 3, and 183.31 +/- 7 GHz. The radiosonde data were partitioned based on sensor type into 19 classes. The satellite brightness temperatures (Tb) were simulated using radiosonde profiles and a radiative transfer model, then the radiosonde simulated Tb's were compared with the observed Tb's from the satellites. The surface affected Tb's were excluded from the comparison due to the lack of reliable surface emissivity data at the microwave frequencies. Daytime and nighttime data were examined separately to see the possible effect of daytime radiation bias on the sonde data. The error characteristics among different radiosondes vary significantly, which largely reflects the differences in sensor type. These differences are more evident in the mid-upper troposphere than in the lower troposphere, mainly because some of the sensors stop responding to tropospheric humidity somewhere in the upper or even in the middle troposphere. In the upper troposphere, most sensors have a dry bias but Russian sensors and a few other sensors including GZZ2, VZB2, and RS80H have a wet bias. In middle troposphere, Russian sensors still have a wet bias but all other sensors have a dry bias. All sensors, including Russian sensors, have a dry bias in lower troposphere. The systematic and random errors generally decrease from upper to lower troposphere. Sensors from China, India, Russia, and the U.S. have a large random error in upper troposphere, which indicates that these sensors are not suitable for upper tropospheric studies as they fail to respond to humidity changes in the upper and even middle troposphere. Overall, Vaisala sensors perform better than other sensors throughout the troposphere exhibiting the smallest systematic and random errors. Because of the large differences between different radiosonde humidity sensors, it is important for long-term trend studies to only use data measured using a single type of sensor at any given station. If multiple sensor types are used then it is necessary to consider the bias between sensor types and its possible dependence on humidity and temperature.
C1 [Moradi, Isaac; Arkin, Phillip] Univ Maryland, ESSIC, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Soden, Brian] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Ferraro, Ralph] NOAA, STAR, NESDIS, College Pk, MD USA.
[Voemel, Holger] German Weather Serv DWD, Offenbach, Germany.
RP Moradi, I (reprint author), Univ Maryland, NOAA Cooperat Inst Climate & Satellites CICS MD, ESSIC, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM imoradi@umd.edu
RI Ferraro, Ralph/F-5587-2010; Moradi, Isaac/A-7539-2008
OI Ferraro, Ralph/0000-0002-8393-7135; Moradi, Isaac/0000-0003-2194-1427
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
FX This research was partially supported by National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) via grant to the Cooperative Institute
for Climate and Satellites (CICS).
NR 31
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 17
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUL 27
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 14
BP 8040
EP 8053
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50589
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 201DL
UT WOS:000323120800049
ER
PT J
AU Brown, SS
Thornton, JA
Keene, WC
Pszenny, AAP
Sive, BC
Dube, WP
Wagner, NL
Young, CJ
Riedel, TP
Roberts, JM
VandenBoer, TC
Bahreini, R
Ozturk, F
Middlebrook, AM
Kim, S
Hubler, G
Wolfe, DE
AF Brown, Steven S.
Thornton, Joel A.
Keene, William C.
Pszenny, Alexander A. P.
Sive, Barkley C.
Dube, William P.
Wagner, Nicholas L.
Young, Cora J.
Riedel, Theran P.
Roberts, James M.
VandenBoer, Trevor C.
Bahreini, Roya
Ozturk, Fatma
Middlebrook, Ann M.
Kim, Saewung
Huebler, Gerhard
Wolfe, Daniel E.
TI Nitrogen, Aerosol Composition, and Halogens on a Tall Tower (NACHTT):
Overview of a wintertime air chemistry field study in the front range
urban corridor of Colorado
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE NACHTT; winter air quality; halogens; aerosols; nitrogen oxides
ID DENVER BROWN CLOUD; IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; VOLATILE
ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; MARINE BOUNDARY-LAYER; NI-PT-CIMS; UNITED-STATES;
HETEROGENEOUS HYDROLYSIS; POLLUTION EPISODES; TEMPORAL PATTERNS; LOWER
TROPOSPHERE
AB The Nitrogen, Aerosol Composition, and Halogens on a Tall Tower (NACHTT) field experiment took place during late winter, 2011, at a site 33km north of Denver, Colorado. The study included fixed-height measurements of aerosols, soluble trace gases, and volatile organic compounds near surface level, as well as vertically resolved measurements of nitrogen oxides, aerosol composition, soluble gas-phase acids, and halogen species from 3 to 270m above ground level. There were 1928 individual profiles during the three-week campaign to characterize trace gas and aerosol distributions in the lower levels of the boundary layer. Nitrate and ammonium dominated the ionic composition of aerosols and originated primarily from local or regional sources. Sulfate and organic matter were also significant and were associated primarily with longer-range transport to the region. Aerosol chloride was associated primarily with supermicron size fractions and was always present in excess of gas-phase chlorine compounds. The nighttime radical reservoirs, nitryl chloride, ClNO2, and nitrous acid, HONO, were both consistently present in nighttime urban air. Nitryl chloride was especially pronounced in plumes from large point sources sampled aloft at night. Nitrous acid was typically most concentrated near the ground surface and was the dominant contributor (80%) to diurnally averaged primary OH radical production in near-surface air. Large observed mixing ratios of light alkanes, both in near-surface air and aloft, were attributable to local emissions from oil and gas activities.
C1 [Brown, Steven S.; Dube, William P.; Wagner, Nicholas L.; Young, Cora J.; Roberts, James M.; Bahreini, Roya; Ozturk, Fatma; Middlebrook, Ann M.; Huebler, Gerhard; Wolfe, Daniel E.] NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Thornton, Joel A.; Riedel, Theran P.] Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Keene, William C.] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA.
[Pszenny, Alexander A. P.; Sive, Barkley C.] Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Sive, Barkley C.] Appalachian State Univ, Dept Chem, Boone, NC 28608 USA.
[Dube, William P.; Wagner, Nicholas L.; Young, Cora J.; Bahreini, Roya; Huebler, Gerhard] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Young, Cora J.; VandenBoer, Trevor C.] Mem Univ Newfoundland, Dept Chem, St John, NF A1B 3X7, Canada.
[VandenBoer, Trevor C.] Univ Toronto, Dept Chem, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada.
[Bahreini, Roya] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
[Ozturk, Fatma] Abant Izzet Baysal Univ, Dept Environm Engn, Fac Engn & Architecture, Bolu, Turkey.
[Kim, Saewung] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Div Atmospher Chem, Earth Syst Lab, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Kim, Saewung] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Sch Phys Sci, Irvine, CA USA.
RP Brown, SS (reprint author), NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM steven.s.brown@noaa.gov
RI Roberts, James/A-1082-2009; VandenBoer, Trevor/F-1032-2011; Kim,
Saewung/E-4089-2012; Wagner, Nicholas/E-7437-2010; Brown,
Steven/I-1762-2013; Young, Cora/A-4551-2010; Middlebrook,
Ann/E-4831-2011; Hubler, Gerhard/E-9780-2010; Thornton,
Joel/C-1142-2009; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Roberts, James/0000-0002-8485-8172; VandenBoer,
Trevor/0000-0001-8926-4237; Young, Cora/0000-0002-6908-5829;
Middlebrook, Ann/0000-0002-2984-6304; Thornton,
Joel/0000-0002-5098-4867;
FU National Science Foundation [ANT-1041187]; University of New Hampshire
[ANT-1041049]; Appalachian State University [ANT-1127774]; NOAA's
Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate Program
FX This work was supported in part by NOAA's Atmospheric Chemistry and
Climate Program. Financial support was also provided by the National
Science Foundation through awards to the University of Virginia
(ANT-1041187) and the University of New Hampshire (ANT-1041049) and
Appalachian State University (ANT-1127774).
NR 104
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 7
U2 89
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUL 27
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 14
BP 8067
EP 8085
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50537
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 201DL
UT WOS:000323120800051
ER
PT J
AU Naik, V
Horowitz, LW
Fiore, AM
Ginoux, P
Mao, JQ
Aghedo, AM
Levy, H
AF Naik, Vaishali
Horowitz, Larry W.
Fiore, Arlene M.
Ginoux, Paul
Mao, Jingqiu
Aghedo, Adetutu M.
Levy, Hiram, II
TI Impact of preindustrial to present-day changes in short-lived pollutant
emissions on atmospheric composition and climate forcing
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE short-lived pollutants; preindustrial; present day; radiative forcing
perturbation; atmospheric composition
ID INTERCOMPARISON PROJECT ACCMIP; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; BIOMASS
BURNING EMISSIONS; CHEMICAL-TRANSPORT MODEL; TROPOSPHERIC OZONE; SURFACE
OZONE; AEROSOL IMPACTS; STRATOSPHERIC AEROSOLS; GLOBAL SIMULATION;
METHANE LIFETIME
AB We describe and evaluate atmospheric chemistry in the newly developed Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory chemistry-climate model (GFDL AM3) and apply it to investigate the net impact of preindustrial (PI) to present (PD) changes in short-lived pollutant emissions (ozone precursors, sulfur dioxide, and carbonaceous aerosols) and methane concentration on atmospheric composition and climate forcing. The inclusion of online troposphere-stratosphere interactions, gas-aerosol chemistry, and aerosol-cloud interactions (including direct and indirect aerosol radiative effects) in AM3 enables a more complete representation of interactions among short-lived species, and thus their net climate impact, than was considered in previous climate assessments. The base AM3 simulation, driven with observed sea surface temperature (SST) and sea ice cover (SIC) over the period 1981-2007, generally reproduces the observed mean magnitude, spatial distribution, and seasonal cycle of tropospheric ozone and carbon monoxide. The global mean aerosol optical depth in our base simulation is within 5% of satellite measurements over the 1982-2006 time period. We conduct a pair of simulations in which only the short-lived pollutant emissions and methane concentrations are changed from PI (1860) to PD (2000) levels (i.e., SST, SIC, greenhouse gases, and ozone-depleting substances are held at PD levels). From the PI to PD, we find that changes in short-lived pollutant emissions and methane have caused the tropospheric ozone burden to increase by 39% and the global burdens of sulfate, black carbon, and organic carbon to increase by factors of 3, 2.4, and 1.4, respectively. Tropospheric hydroxyl concentration decreases by 7%, showing that increases in OH sinks (methane, carbon monoxide, nonmethane volatile organic compounds, and sulfur dioxide) dominate over sources (ozone and nitrogen oxides) in the model. Combined changes in tropospheric ozone and aerosols cause a net negative top-of-the-atmosphere radiative forcing perturbation (-1.05Wm(-2)) indicating that the negative forcing (direct plus indirect) from aerosol changes dominates over the positive forcing due to ozone increases, thus masking nearly half of the PI to PD positive forcing from long-lived greenhouse gases globally, consistent with other current generation chemistry-climate models.
C1 [Naik, Vaishali] NOAA, UCAR, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Horowitz, Larry W.; Ginoux, Paul; Levy, Hiram, II] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Fiore, Arlene M.] Columbia Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Palisades, NY USA.
[Fiore, Arlene M.] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY USA.
[Mao, Jingqiu] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Aghedo, Adetutu M.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX USA.
RP Naik, V (reprint author), NOAA, UCAR, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, 201 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM Vaishali.Naik@noaa.gov
RI Mao, Jingqiu/F-2511-2010; Horowitz, Larry/D-8048-2014; Naik,
Vaishali/A-4938-2013; Ginoux, Paul/C-2326-2008
OI Mao, Jingqiu/0000-0002-4774-9751; Horowitz, Larry/0000-0002-5886-3314;
Naik, Vaishali/0000-0002-2254-1700; Ginoux, Paul/0000-0003-3642-2988
NR 160
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U1 4
U2 69
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUL 27
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 14
BP 8086
EP 8110
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50608
PG 25
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 201DL
UT WOS:000323120800052
ER
PT J
AU Li, HB
Spencer, AP
Kortyna, A
Moody, G
Jonas, DM
Cundiff, ST
AF Li, Hebin
Spencer, Austin P.
Kortyna, Andrew
Moody, Galan
Jonas, David M.
Cundiff, Steven T.
TI Pulse Propagation Effects in Optical 2D Fourier-Transform Spectroscopy:
Experiment
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
LA English
DT Article
ID PHOTON-ECHO; FEMTOSECOND SPECTROSCOPY; NONLINEAR SPECTROSCOPY; DENSE
MEDIA; PHASE; RESONANCES; DYNAMICS; SYSTEMS
AB In optical two-dimensional Fourier-transform (2DFT) spectroscopy, understanding how the spectral line shape is affected by pulse propagation in the sample is crucial for an accurate interpretation of spectra. We report an experimental study of pulse propagation effects in 2DFT spectroscopy performed in a dense atomic vapor. The spectral line shape can be dramatically distorted due to high optical density as well as the physical thickness of a sample. The spectral distortion can be partially corrected by using a reference pulse copropagating with the signal combined with appropriate data processing.
C1 [Li, Hebin; Kortyna, Andrew; Moody, Galan; Cundiff, Steven T.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Li, Hebin; Kortyna, Andrew; Moody, Galan; Cundiff, Steven T.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Spencer, Austin P.; Jonas, David M.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Kortyna, Andrew] Lafayette Coll, Dept Phys, Easton, PA 18042 USA.
[Moody, Galan; Cundiff, Steven T.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Cundiff, ST (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM cundiff@jila.colorado.edu
RI Li, Hebin/A-8711-2009; Jonas, David/A-7491-2008; Cundiff,
Steven/B-4974-2009; Moody, Galan/J-5811-2014;
OI Jonas, David/0000-0002-1085-8161; Cundiff, Steven/0000-0002-7119-5197;
Moody, Galan/0000-0001-7263-1483; Spencer, Austin/0000-0003-4043-2062
FU Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Energy Biosciences Division, Office
of Basic Energy Science, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy
[DEFG02-02ER15346]; National Science Foundation [CHE-1112365]
FX We thank Dr. Bo Sun for discussions and help on the experiment. The work
at JILA was primarily supported by the National Science Foundation
through the JILA Physics Frontier Center and also by the Chemical
Sciences, Geosciences, and Energy Biosciences Division, Office of Basic
Energy Science, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy under Award
#DEFG02-02ER15346. The work of A.P.S. and D.M.J. was supported by
National Science Foundation Grant CHE-1112365.
NR 45
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U1 3
U2 29
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1089-5639
J9 J PHYS CHEM A
JI J. Phys. Chem. A
PD JUL 25
PY 2013
VL 117
IS 29
BP 6279
EP 6287
DI 10.1021/jp4007872
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 192RO
UT WOS:000322503200045
PM 23565590
ER
PT J
AU Zhu, CJ
Deng, L
Hagley, EW
AF Zhu, Chengjie
Deng, L.
Hagley, E. W.
TI Dynamic light deflection in an active Raman-gain medium using a
spatially inhomogeneous pump
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTROMAGNETICALLY INDUCED TRANSPARENCY; BEAM DEFLECTION;
MAGNETIC-FIELD; VAPOR
AB We study optical wave deflection in a three-level active Raman gain medium using a spatially inhomogeneous pump field. Using the eikonal approximation, we derive an analytical expression for the deflection angle and demonstrate more than an order of magnitude increase in deflection when compared to the electromagnetically induced transparency method. Numerical simulations have shown excellent agreement with semi-classical theoretical predictions. We further discuss the concept of light-beam-deflection-based wavelength division multiplexing which may have important applications in integrated circuits for optical telecommunications.
C1 [Zhu, Chengjie; Deng, L.; Hagley, E. W.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Zhu, Chengjie] E China Normal Univ, Shanghai 200062, Peoples R China.
RP Zhu, CJ (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 15
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD JUL 25
PY 2013
VL 88
IS 1
AR 013841
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.88.013841
PG 5
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 188VF
UT WOS:000322223200010
ER
PT J
AU Baker, MR
Swanson, P
Young, G
AF Baker, Matthew R.
Swanson, Penny
Young, Graham
TI Injuries from Non-Retention in Gillnet Fisheries Suppress Reproductive
Maturation in Escaped Fish
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID TROUT SALMO-GAIRDNERI; ADULT SOCKEYE-SALMON; RAINBOW-TROUT;
PLASMA-CORTISOL; ONCORHYNCHUS-NERKA; ACUTE STRESS; IN-VITRO; DISEASE
RESISTANCE; SEXUAL-MATURATION; RIVER MIGRATION
AB Exploitation of fisheries resources has unintended consequences, not only in the bycatch and discard of non-target organisms, but also in damage to targeted fish that are injured by gear but not landed (non-retention). Delayed mortality due to non-retention represents lost reproductive potential in exploited stocks, while not contributing to harvest. Our study examined the physiological mechanisms by which delayed mortality occurs and the extent to which injuries related to disentanglement from commercial gear compromise reproductive success in spawning stocks of Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.). We found evidence for elevated stress in fish injured via non-retention in gillnet fisheries. Plasma cortisol levels correlated with the severity of disentanglement injury and were elevated in fish that developed infections related to disentanglement injuries. We also analyzed sex steroid concentrations in females (estradiol-17 beta and 17,20 beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one) to determine whether non-retention impairs reproductive potential in escaped individuals. We demonstrate evidence for delayed or inhibited maturation in fish with disentanglement injuries. These findings have important implications for effective conservation and management of exploited fish stocks and suggest means to improve spawning success in such stocks if retention in commercial fisheries is improved and incidental mortality reduced.
C1 [Baker, Matthew R.; Young, Graham] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Swanson, Penny] NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA USA.
[Swanson, Penny; Young, Graham] Washington State Univ, Ctr Reprod Biol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
RP Baker, MR (reprint author), NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA USA.
EM Matthew.Baker@noaa.gov
FU Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; National Science Foundation
biocomplexity Program; Environmental Protection Agency STAR fellowship
FX Funding for this research was provided by the Gordon and Betty Moore
Foundation, the National Science Foundation biocomplexity Program, and
the Environmental Protection Agency STAR fellowship (to M.R.B.). The
funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis,
decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 71
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U1 4
U2 19
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD JUL 24
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 7
AR e69615
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0069615
PG 11
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 188BY
UT WOS:000322167900083
PM 23894510
ER
PT J
AU Qiu, XY
Khripin, CY
Ke, FY
Howell, SC
Zheng, M
AF Qiu, Xiangyun
Khripin, Constantine Y.
Ke, Fuyou
Howell, Steven C.
Zheng, Ming
TI Electrostatically Driven Interactions between Hybrid DNA-Carbon
Nanotubes
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID LENGTH; CHROMATOGRAPHY; RECOGNITION; DISPERSION; SEPARATION; SIZE
AB Single-stranded DNA is able to wrap around single-wall carbon nanotubes (CNT) and form stable DNA-CNT hybrids that are highly soluble in solution. Here we report quantitative measurements and analysis of the interactions between DNA-CNT hybrids at low salts. Condensation of DNA-CNT hybrids by neutral osmolytes leads to liquid crystalline phases, and varying the osmotic pressure modulates the interhybrid distance that is determined by x-ray diffraction. Thus obtained force-distance dependencies of DNA-CNT hybrids show a remarkable resemblance to that of double-stranded DNA with differences that can be largely accounted for by their different diameters. This establishes their common physical nature of electrostatically driven interactions. Quantitative modeling further reveals the roles of hydration in mediating the interhybrid forces within the last nanometer of surface separation. This study also suggests the utility of osmotic pressure to control DNA-CNT assemblies at subnanometer precision.
C1 [Qiu, Xiangyun; Ke, Fuyou; Howell, Steven C.] George Washington Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
[Khripin, Constantine Y.; Zheng, Ming] NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Qiu, XY (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
EM xqiu@gwu.edu
FU George Washington University
FX We thank Qi Xia and Roshan Patel for experimental assistance at the
early stage of our study. We thank Rudolf Podgornik, Adrian Parsegian,
and Donald Rau for stimulating discussions. The work is supported by the
George Washington University.
NR 29
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 3
U2 36
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JUL 24
PY 2013
VL 111
IS 4
AR 048301
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.048301
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 188TV
UT WOS:000322218000015
PM 23931412
ER
PT J
AU Gentile, TR
Hayden, ME
Nacher, PJ
Petukhov, AK
Saam, B
Walker, TG
AF Gentile, T. R.
Hayden, M. E.
Nacher, P. J.
Petukhov, A. K.
Saam, B.
Walker, T. G.
TI Comment on "Enhanced polarization and mechanisms in optically pumped
hyperpolarized He-3 in the presence of He-4"
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID RELAXATION
AB Chen et al. [Phys. Rev. A 81, 033422 (2010)] claim that adding He-4 to spin-exchange optical pumping (SEOP) cells confines He-3 atoms to a diffusion-limited region, which effectively reduces the wall relaxation factor X. Here X is a phenomenological parameter used to characterize typical SEOP cells; it quantifies the observation that the measured linear slope of the relaxation rate with alkali-metal-atom density exceeds the spin-exchange rate. In addition they claim to demonstrate that magnetic-field gradients cause a diffusive motion of He-3. We argue that these claims and other central conclusions drawn by Chen et al. [Phys. Rev. A 81, 033422 (2010)] are inconsistent with the physics of diffusion or should not be made from the data as presented. We also draw attention to several additional issues associated with the results, analysis, and presentation of data in Chen et al. [Phys. Rev. A 81, 033422 (2010)] that confound clear interpretation.
C1 [Gentile, T. R.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Hayden, M. E.] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Phys, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
[Nacher, P. J.] UPMC, CNRS, ENS, Lab Kastler Brossel, F-75005 Paris, France.
[Petukhov, A. K.] Inst Max Von Laue Paul Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble, France.
[Saam, B.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Walker, T. G.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Gentile, TR (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM thomas.gentile@nist.gov
RI Walker, Thad/N-5590-2014
OI Walker, Thad/0000-0002-0996-3351
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 9
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD JUL 24
PY 2013
VL 88
IS 1
AR 017401
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.88.017401
PG 3
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 188SZ
UT WOS:000322215200013
ER
PT J
AU Kim, S
Dura, JA
Page, KA
Rowe, BW
Yager, KG
Lee, HJ
Soles, CL
AF Kim, Sangcheol
Dura, Joseph A.
Page, Kirt A.
Rowe, Brandon W.
Yager, Kevin G.
Lee, Hae-Jeong
Soles, Christopher L.
TI Surface-Induced Nanostructure and Water Transport of Thin
Proton-Conducting Polymer Films
SO MACROMOLECULES
LA English
DT Article
ID ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING; FUEL-CELLS; NAFION MEMBRANES; INTERFACE;
REFLECTIVITY; PERFORMANCE; ADSORPTION; DYNAMICS; VAPOR
AB We quantify the interfacial nanostructure and corresponding water transport kinetics in thin films of Nafion which are known to show nonbulk like transport properties using neutron reflectivity (NR) and quartz-crystal microbalance (QCM) measurements integrated with in-situ, controlled relative humidity environments. Rigorous fitting of the NR data under humidified conditions reveals that a hydrophilic organosilicate substrate induces an interfacial layering of the water transport domains parallel to the substrate whereas the hydrophobic organosilicate analogue does not trigger this interfacial ordering. The interfacial layering on the hydrophilic substrate is accompanied by an excess in the total mass of water absorption as verified by QCM measurements. The excess water in the thin Nafion films is quantitatively consistent with the segregation amounts and length scales quantified by NR. However, we do not observe strong differences in the water transport kinetics in thin Nafion films where the volume fraction of the materials with the water transport oriented parallel substrate, orthogonal to the primary direction of transport, is on the order of approximate to 7 vol %; to a first approximation the majority of the transport kinetics are similar on the hydrophilic (oriented) and hydrophobic (disordered) surfaces.
C1 [Kim, Sangcheol; Page, Kirt A.; Rowe, Brandon W.; Lee, Hae-Jeong; Soles, Christopher L.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Dura, Joseph A.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Yager, Kevin G.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Ctr Funct Nanomat, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
RP Kim, S (reprint author), NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM sangcheol.kim@nist.gov; kirt.page@nist.gov
RI Yager, Kevin/F-9804-2011; Dura, Joseph/B-8452-2008
OI Yager, Kevin/0000-0001-7745-2513; Dura, Joseph/0000-0001-6877-959X
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DE-AC02-98CH10886]
FX The authors thank Prof. R. M. Laine (University of Michigan and
Mayaterials Inc.) for providing the OSG precursors, Dr. H. W. Ro for
helping sample preparation, and Dr. W. L. Wu for helpful discussions on
reflectivity data analyses. Research was carried out in part at the
Center for Functional Nanomaterials and the National Synchrotron Light
Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, which is supported by the U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract
DE-AC02-98CH10886.
NR 35
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 5
U2 63
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0024-9297
EI 1520-5835
J9 MACROMOLECULES
JI Macromolecules
PD JUL 23
PY 2013
VL 46
IS 14
BP 5630
EP 5637
DI 10.1021/ma400750f
PG 8
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 191ML
UT WOS:000322417100025
ER
PT J
AU Azuah, RT
Diallo, SO
Adams, MA
Kirichek, O
Glyde, HR
AF Azuah, R. T.
Diallo, S. O.
Adams, M. A.
Kirichek, O.
Glyde, H. R.
TI Phonon-roton modes of liquid He-4 beyond the roton in the porous medium
MCM-41
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID INELASTIC NEUTRON-SCATTERING; SUPERFLUID HE-4; COLLECTIVE EXCITATIONS;
ELEMENTARY EXCITATIONS; SILICA AEROGELS; HIGH-RESOLUTION; HELIUM FILMS;
TEMPERATURE; DEPENDENCE; VYCOR
AB We present neutron scattering measurements of the phonon-roton (P-R) mode of superfluid He-4 confined in 47 angstrom MCM-41 at T = 0.5 K at wave vectors, Q, beyond the roton wave vector (Q(R) = 1.92 angstrom(-1)). Measurements beyond the roton require access to high wave vectors (up to Q = 4 angstrom(-1)) with excellent energy resolution and high statistical precision. Only one previous measurement in porous media (in aerogel) with low statistical precision has been reported. At T = 0.5 K, we find that the P-R mode in MCM-41 extends out to wave vector Q similar or equal to 3.6 angstrom(-1), with the same energy and zero width (within precision) as observed in bulk superfluid He-4. Layer modes in the roton region are also observed. Specifically, the P-R mode energy, omega(Q), increases with Q for Q > Q(R) and reaches a plateau at a maximum energy omega(Q) = 2 Delta where Delta is the roton energy, Delta = 0.74 +/- 0.01 meV in MCM-41. This upper limit means the P-R mode decays to two rotons if its energy exceeds 2 Delta. It also means that the P-R mode does not decay to two-layers modes. If the P-R could decay to two-layer modes, omega(Q) would plateau at a lower energy, omega(Q) = 2 Delta(L), where Delta(L) = 0.60 meV is the energy of the roton-like minimum of the layer mode. Rather the P-R mode and the layer modes observed in porous media appear to be quite different modes with little interaction between them.
C1 [Azuah, R. T.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Azuah, R. T.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Diallo, S. O.; Glyde, H. R.] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Adams, M. A.; Kirichek, O.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, ISIS Spallat Neutron Source, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England.
RP Azuah, RT (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RI Diallo, Souleymane/B-3111-2016
OI Diallo, Souleymane/0000-0002-3369-8391
FU DOE, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [ER46680]
FX It is a pleasure to acknowledge the support of the ISIS Facility,
Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK, and Richard Down for valuable
technical assistance at ISIS. This work was supported by the DOE, Office
of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. ER46680.
NR 52
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 9
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
EI 1550-235X
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD JUL 22
PY 2013
VL 88
IS 2
AR 024510
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.88.024510
PG 8
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 187JD
UT WOS:000322112700006
ER
PT J
AU Sallis, S
Scanlon, DO
Chae, SC
Quackenbush, NF
Fischer, DA
Woicik, JC
Guo, JH
Cheong, SW
Piper, LFJ
AF Sallis, S.
Scanlon, D. O.
Chae, S. C.
Quackenbush, N. F.
Fischer, D. A.
Woicik, J. C.
Guo, J. -H.
Cheong, S. W.
Piper, L. F. J.
TI La-doped BaSnO3-Degenerate perovskite transparent conducting oxide:
Evidence from synchrotron x-ray spectroscopy
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID PHOTOEMISSION; PARAMETERS; SPECTRA
AB We report direct evidence of conduction band filling in 3% La-doped BaSnO3 using hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Direct comparisons with hybrid density functional theory calculations support a 3.2 eV indirect band gap. The use of hybrid DFT is verified by excellent agreement between our photoelectron spectra and O K-edge x-ray emission and absorption spectra. Our experimental and computational results demonstrate that the conduction band is primarily of Sn 5s orbital character with little O 2p contribution, which is a prerequisite for designing a perovskite-based transparent conducting oxide. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Sallis, S.; Piper, L. F. J.] SUNY Binghamton, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA.
[Scanlon, D. O.] UCL, Dept Chem, London WC1H 0AJ, England.
[Chae, S. C.; Cheong, S. W.] Rutgers State Univ, Rutgers Ctr Emergent Mat, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Chae, S. C.; Cheong, S. W.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Quackenbush, N. F.; Piper, L. F. J.] SUNY Binghamton, Dept Phys Appl Phys & Astron, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA.
[Fischer, D. A.; Woicik, J. C.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Guo, J. -H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Sallis, S (reprint author), SUNY Binghamton, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA.
EM d.scanlon@ucl.ac.uk; lpiper@binghamton.edu
RI Scanlon, David/B-1516-2008; Sallis, Shawn/E-6258-2012; Piper,
Louis/C-2960-2011
OI Scanlon, David/0000-0001-9174-8601; Sallis, Shawn/0000-0002-8443-4951;
Piper, Louis/0000-0002-3421-3210
FU Binghamton University; Analytical and Diagnostics Laboratory Small Grant
program at Binghamton University; Ramsay Memorial Trust; University
College London; National Science Foundation [DMR-1104484]; U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
[DEAC02-98CH10886]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; EPSRC
[EP/K000144/1, EP/K000136/1, EP/F067496]
FX We would like to thank Jeremiah Dederick for Hall measurements of our
samples. L.F.J.P. gratefully acknowledges startup funding from
Binghamton University. Additional support for the XPS measurements was
provided by the Analytical and Diagnostics Laboratory Small Grant
program at Binghamton University. D.O.S. is grateful to the Ramsay
Memorial Trust and University College London for the provision of a
Ramsay Fellowship. Work at Rutgers was supported by National Science
Foundation DMR-1104484. Use of the National Synchrotron Light Source
Brookhaven National Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under
Contract No. DEAC02-98CH10886. Beamline X24a is supported by the
National Institute of Standards and Technology. The Advanced Light
Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract no.
DE-AC02-05CH11231. The calculations presented here made use of the UCL
Legion HPC Facility, the IRIDIS cluster provided by the EPSRC funded
Centre for Innovation (EP/K000144/1 and EP/K000136/1), and the HECToR
supercomputer through membership of the UK's HPC Materials Chemistry
Consortium, which is funded by EPSRC grant EP/F067496.
NR 28
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 5
U2 81
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JUL 22
PY 2013
VL 103
IS 4
AR 042105
DI 10.1063/1.4816511
PG 4
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 191IM
UT WOS:000322406600044
ER
PT J
AU Pandey, A
Ueland, BG
Yeninas, S
Kreyssig, A
Sapkota, A
Zhao, Y
Helton, JS
Lynn, JW
McQueeney, RJ
Furukawa, Y
Goldman, AI
Johnston, DC
AF Pandey, Abhishek
Ueland, B. G.
Yeninas, S.
Kreyssig, A.
Sapkota, A.
Zhao, Yang
Helton, J. S.
Lynn, J. W.
McQueeney, R. J.
Furukawa, Y.
Goldman, A. I.
Johnston, D. C.
TI Coexistence of Half-Metallic Itinerant Ferromagnetism with Local-Moment
Antiferromagnetism in Ba0.60K0.40Mn2As2
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; WEAK FERROMAGNETISM; IRON PNICTIDES
AB Magnetization, nuclear magnetic resonance, high-resolution x-ray diffraction, and magnetic field-dependent neutron diffraction measurements reveal a novel magnetic ground state of Ba0.60K0.40Mn2As2 in which itinerant ferromagnetism (FM) below a Curie temperature T-C approximate to 100 K arising from the doped conduction holes coexists with collinear antiferromagnetism (AFM) of the Mn local moments that order below a Neel temperature T-N 480 K. The FM ordered moments are aligned in the tetragonal ab plane and are orthogonal to the AFM ordered Mn moments that are aligned along the c axis. The magnitude and nature of the low-T FM ordered moment correspond to complete polarization of the doped-hole spins (half-metallic itinerant FM) as deduced from magnetization and ab-plane electrical resistivity measurements.
C1 [Pandey, Abhishek; Ueland, B. G.; Yeninas, S.; Kreyssig, A.; Sapkota, A.; McQueeney, R. J.; Furukawa, Y.; Goldman, A. I.; Johnston, D. C.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Pandey, Abhishek; Ueland, B. G.; Yeninas, S.; Kreyssig, A.; Sapkota, A.; McQueeney, R. J.; Furukawa, Y.; Goldman, A. I.; Johnston, D. C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Zhao, Yang; Helton, J. S.; Lynn, J. W.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Zhao, Yang] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Pandey, A (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM apandey@ameslab.gov; johnston@ameslab.gov
RI Ueland, Benjamin/B-2312-2008; Pandey, Abhishek /M-5679-2015; McQueeney,
Robert/A-2864-2016
OI Ueland, Benjamin/0000-0001-9784-6595; Pandey, Abhishek
/0000-0003-2839-1720; McQueeney, Robert/0000-0003-0718-5602
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of
Materials Sciences and Engineering; U.S. Department of Energy by Iowa
State University [DE-AC02-07CH11358]
FX The authors wish to thank J. Lamsal, G.S. Tucker, W. Jayasekara, M.G.
Kim, T.W. Heitmann, and W. E. Straszheim for their assistance in the
early stages of this project. We also thank V.P. Antropov, B.N. Harmon
and A. Kaminski for useful discussions. The research at Ames Laboratory
was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering. Ames
Laboratory is operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Iowa State
University under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358.
NR 33
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 3
U2 36
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JUL 22
PY 2013
VL 111
IS 4
AR 047001
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.047001
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 187KF
UT WOS:000322116100014
PM 23931395
ER
PT J
AU Weiland, C
Rumaiz, AK
Price, J
Lysaght, P
Woick, JC
AF Weiland, C.
Rumaiz, A. K.
Price, J.
Lysaght, P.
Woick, J. C.
TI Passivation of In0.53Ga0.47As/ZrO2 interfaces by AlN atomic layer
deposition process
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SURFACE PASSIVATION; SEMICONDUCTORS; OXIDATION; DEVICES; AL2O3; GAAS;
XPS
AB Reducing defects at III-V/high-k interfaces is essential for optimizing devices built on these materials. Here, the role of an interfacial AlN process at In0.53Ga0.47As/ZrO2 interfaces is investigated by hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES) and capacitance/voltage (C-V) measurements. C-V measurements show a significant reduction in the density of interface traps with the interfacial AlN process and a capping TiN layer. To elucidate the specific role of the AlN process, blanket films with various deposition processes are compared. The AlN process alone (without subsequent dielectric deposition) reduces InGaAs oxide levels below the HAXPES detection limit, even though the AlN is ultimately found to be oxidized into AlOx with only trace N incorporation, yet AlN passivation provides a lower D-it (density of interface traps) when compared with an H2O-based Al2O3 deposition. The AlN process does not passivate against re-oxidation of the InGaAs during an O-3 based ZrO2 deposition process, but it does provide passivation against As-As development during subsequent TiN deposition. The role of chemical defects in the C-V characteristics is also discussed. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Weiland, C.; Woick, J. C.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Rumaiz, A. K.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Price, J.; Lysaght, P.] SEMATECH, Albany, NY 12203 USA.
RP Weiland, C (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM cweiland@bnl.gov
RI Weiland, Conan/K-4840-2012
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]
FX Use of the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National
Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No.
DE-AC02-98CH10886.
NR 22
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 3
U2 30
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD JUL 21
PY 2013
VL 114
IS 3
AR 034107
DI 10.1063/1.4815934
PG 8
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 188OQ
UT WOS:000322202700084
ER
PT J
AU Langford, TJ
Bass, CD
Beise, EJ
Breuer, H
Erwin, DK
Heimbach, CR
Nico, JS
AF Langford, T. J.
Bass, C. D.
Beise, E. J.
Breuer, H.
Erwin, D. K.
Heimbach, C. R.
Nico, J. S.
TI Event identification in He-3 proportional counters using risetime
discrimination
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Helium proportional counters; Neutron detectors; Thermal neutrons; Pulse
shape discrimination; Particle identification; Microdischarges
ID PARTIAL DISCHARGES; SPECTROMETER; NEUTRONS; EMISSION
AB We present a straightforward method for particle identification and background rejection in He-3 proportional counters for use in neutron detection. By measuring the risetime and pulse height of the preamplifier signals, one may define a region in the risetime versus pulse height space where the events are predominately from neutron interactions. For six proportional counters surveyed in a low-background environment, we demonstrate the ability to reject alpha-particle events with an efficiency of 99%. By applying the same method, we also show an effective rejection of microdischarge noise events that, when passed through a shaping amplifier, are indistinguishable from physical events in the counters. The primary application of this method is in measurements where the signal-to-background for counting neutrons is very low, such as in underground laboratories. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Langford, T. J.; Beise, E. J.; Breuer, H.; Erwin, D. K.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Langford, T. J.] Univ Maryland, Inst Res Elect & Appl Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Bass, C. D.; Heimbach, C. R.; Nico, J. S.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Langford, TJ (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM tlangfor@umd.edu
OI Langford, Thomas/0000-0001-5953-5294
FU NSF [0809696]; National Institute for Standards and Technology American
Recovery and Reinvestment Act Measurement Science and Engineering
Fellowship Program Award through the University of Maryland
[70NANB10H026]
FX We thank Vladimir Gavrin and Johnrid Abdurashitov of the Institute for
Nuclear Research - Russian Academy of Sciences for useful discussions.
We acknowledge the NIST Center for Neutron Research for the loan of the
3He proportional counters used in this study. We also
acknowledge KURF and Lhoist North America, especially Mark Luxbacher,
for providing us access to the underground site and logistical support.
The research has been partially supported by NSF Grant 0809696. T.
Langford acknowledges support under the National Institute for Standards
and Technology American Recovery and Reinvestment Act Measurement
Science and Engineering Fellowship Program Award 70NANB10H026 through
the University of Maryland.
NR 40
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
Equip.
PD JUL 21
PY 2013
VL 717
BP 51
EP 57
DI 10.1016/j.nima.2013.03.062
PG 7
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 148OL
UT WOS:000319254700008
ER
PT J
AU Hamadani, BH
Roller, J
Dougherty, B
Persaud, F
Yoon, HW
AF Hamadani, Behrang H.
Roller, John
Dougherty, Brian
Persaud, Fiona
Yoon, Howard W.
TI Absolute spectral responsivity measurements of solar cells by a hybrid
optical technique
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID MEASUREMENT SYSTEM; CALIBRATION; EFFICIENCY
AB An irradiance mode, absolute differential spectral response measurement system for solar cells is presented. The system is based on combining the monochromator-based approach of determining the power mode spectral responsivity of cells with an LED-based measurement to construct a curve representing the light-overfilled absolute spectral response of the entire cell. This curve can be used to predict the short-circuit current (I-sc) of the cell under the AM 1.5 standard reference spectrum. The measurement system is SI-traceable via detectors with primary calibrations linked to the NIST absolute cryogenic radiometer. An uncertainty analysis of the methodology places the relative uncertainty of the calculated I-sc at better than +/- 0.8%.
C1 [Hamadani, Behrang H.; Roller, John; Dougherty, Brian] NIST, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Persaud, Fiona] Newport Corp, Stratford, CT 06615 USA.
[Yoon, Howard W.] NIST, Phys Measurements Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Hamadani, BH (reprint author), NIST, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM behrang.hamadani@nist.gov
NR 20
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 32
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD JUL 20
PY 2013
VL 52
IS 21
BP 5184
EP 5193
DI 10.1364/AO.52.005184
PG 10
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 185ZV
UT WOS:000322011600019
PM 23872765
ER
PT J
AU Lindo-Atichati, D
Bringas, F
Goni, G
AF Lindo-Atichati, David
Bringas, Francis
Goni, Gustavo
TI Loop Current excursions and ring detachments during 1993-2009
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; VARIABILITY; OCEAN; CIRCULATION; ALTIMETRY
AB Linkages between the variability of Loop Current (LC) surface dynamics, LC ring detachments, and the mean sea height anomaly in the Gulf of Mexico (GOM) are explored using a new methodology that locates the LC fronts and detects the shedding of LC rings. Based on satellite altimetry observations and dynamic height gradient, this methodology allows the determination of the dynamic structure in the region from 1993 to 2009. Northward penetration of the LC was found to be seasonal, with a tendency to increase during the spring and peaking in summer. Whereas northward oscillations exhibit ranges of 4 degrees of latitude, the range of westward oscillations is 6 degrees of longitude. Using the newly developed methodology, 28 LC rings are identified and described during 19932009. Starting in 2003, the LC is located more to the north on average, and the average number of LC rings formed per year increases. Since 2003, a significant increase in sea height residuals in the GOM has been observed, exhibiting a linear trend of 2.78 +/- 0.26cm/decade for the period 19932009. It is hypothesized here that the increase observed in sea height residuals is linked to the increase in mesoscale activity (LC northward intrusions and number of rings shed) obtained from satellite altimetry observations. Results shown here complement previous observational studies in the region, cover a longer time span, and define objectively the locations of the LC front and the shedding of the rings.
C1 [Lindo-Atichati, David] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Lindo-Atichati, David; Bringas, Francis; Goni, Gustavo] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Lindo-Atichati, David] Univ Las Palmas Gran Canaria, Fac Ciencias Mar, Las Palmas Gran Canaria 35017, Spain.
RP Lindo-Atichati, D (reprint author), Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM dlindo@rsmas.miami.edu
RI LINDO-ATICHATI, DAVID/K-2522-2014; Goni, Gustavo/D-2017-2012; Bringas,
Francis/C-4442-2013
OI LINDO-ATICHATI, DAVID/0000-0003-4299-1589; Goni,
Gustavo/0000-0001-7093-3170;
FU NOAA/AOML
FX The altimeter products were produced by Ssalto/Duacs (Segment sol
multimissions d'Altimetrie, d'Orbitographie et de localisation
precise/Developing Use of Altimetry for Climate Studies) and distributed
by AVISO, with support from Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES).
The authors are grateful to P. Sangra and A. Lugo-Fernandez, and to
Elizabeth Johns and Sang-Ki Lee from the NOAA/Atlantic Oceanographic and
Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) for providing suggestions and comments
that have improved the article. This work was supported by NOAA/AOML.
NR 25
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 15
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0143-1161
J9 INT J REMOTE SENS
JI Int. J. Remote Sens.
PD JUL 20
PY 2013
VL 34
IS 14
BP 5042
EP 5053
DI 10.1080/01431161.2013.787504
PG 12
WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
GA 127WC
UT WOS:000317728600009
ER
PT J
AU Wu, H
Chua, YS
Krungleviciute, V
Tyagi, M
Chen, P
Yildirim, T
Zhou, W
AF Wu, Hui
Chua, Yong Shen
Krungleviciute, Vaiva
Tyagi, Madhusudan
Chen, Ping
Yildirim, Taner
Zhou, Wei
TI Unusual and Highly Tunable Missing-Linker Defects in Zirconium
Metal-Organic Framework UiO-66 and Their Important Effects on Gas
Adsorption
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID POROUS COORDINATION POLYMER; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; METHANE STORAGE;
LIGAND; STABILIZATION; STABILITY; HYDROGEN; FUTURE
AB UiO-66 is a highly important prototypical zirconium metal-organic framework (MOF) compound because of its excellent stabilities not typically found in common porous MOFs. In its perfect crystal structure, each Zr metal center is fully coordinated by 12 organic linkers to form a highly connected framework. Using high-resolution neutron power diffraction technique, we found the first direct structural evidence showing that real UiO-66 material contains significant amount of missing-linker defects, an unusual phenomenon for MOFs. The concentration of the missing-linker defects is surprisingly high, similar to 10% in our sample, effectively reducing the framework connection from 12 to similar to 11. We show that by varying the concentration of the acetic acid modulator and the synthesis time, the linker vacancies can be tuned systematically, leading to dramatically enhanced porosity. We obtained samples with pore volumes ranging from 0.44 to 1.0 cm(3)/g and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface areas ranging from 1000 to 1600 m(2)/g, the largest values of which are similar to 150% and similar to 60% higher than the theoretical values of defect-free UiO-66 crystal, respectively. The linker vacancies also have profound effects on the gas adsorption behaviors of UiO-66, in particular CO2. Finally, comparing the gas adsorption of hydroxylated and dehydroxylated UiO-66, we found that the former performs systematically better than the latter (particularly for CO2) suggesting the beneficial effect of the -OH groups. This finding is of great importance because hydroxylated UiO-66 is the practically more relevant, non-air-sensitive form of this MOF. The preferred gas adsorption on the metal center was confirmed by neutron diffraction measurements, and the gas binding strength enhancement by the -OH group was further supported by our first-principles calculations.
C1 [Wu, Hui; Chua, Yong Shen; Krungleviciute, Vaiva; Tyagi, Madhusudan; Yildirim, Taner; Zhou, Wei] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Wu, Hui; Tyagi, Madhusudan; Zhou, Wei] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Chua, Yong Shen; Chen, Ping] Chinese Acad Sci, Dalian Inst Chem Phys, Dalian 116023, Peoples R China.
[Krungleviciute, Vaiva; Yildirim, Taner] Univ Penn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
RP Zhou, W (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM wzhou@nist.gov
RI Wu, Hui/C-6505-2008; Zhou, Wei/C-6504-2008; yildirim, taner/A-1290-2009;
Tyagi, Madhu Sudan/M-4693-2014; Chua, Yong Shen/J-3551-2016
OI Wu, Hui/0000-0003-0296-5204; Zhou, Wei/0000-0002-5461-3617; Tyagi, Madhu
Sudan/0000-0002-4364-7176;
FU CAS [KJCX2-YW-H21]; U.S. Department of Energy through BES
[DE-FG02-08ER46522]; National Science Foundation [DMR-0944772]
FX Y.S.C. thanks NIST for supporting his one-year visit as a postdoctoral
guest researcher. P.C. acknowledges partial support from Knowledge
Innovation Program of CAS (KJCX2-YW-H21). T.Y. acknowledges partial
support from the U.S. Department of Energy through BES Grant No.
DE-FG02-08ER46522. This work utilized facilities supported in part by
the National Science Foundation under Agreement No. DMR-0944772.
NR 38
TC 214
Z9 216
U1 83
U2 512
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0002-7863
J9 J AM CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD JUL 17
PY 2013
VL 135
IS 28
BP 10525
EP 10532
DI 10.1021/ja404514r
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 187FT
UT WOS:000322103000064
PM 23808838
ER
PT J
AU Dong, L
Jiang, L
Pu, H
AF Dong, Lin
Jiang, Lei
Pu, Han
TI Fulde-Ferrell pairing instability in spin-orbit coupled Fermi gas
SO NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID NEUTRAL ATOMS; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; TEMPERATURE; CROSSOVER; STATE; BCS
AB We consider finite-momentum pairing of a superfluid ultracold Fermi gas subject to spin-orbit coupling and an effective Zeeman field. Based on our two-body and mean-field many-body calculations, we show that the Fulde-Ferrell-type superfluid dominates in both zero- and finite-temperature phase diagrams. We examine the origin and properties of this novel phase systematically.
C1 [Dong, Lin; Pu, Han] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77251 USA.
[Dong, Lin; Pu, Han] Rice Univ, Rice Quantum Inst, Houston, TX 77251 USA.
[Jiang, Lei] Univ Maryland, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Jiang, Lei] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Pu, H (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77251 USA.
EM hpu@rice.edu
RI Pu, Han/F-2318-2011
OI Pu, Han/0000-0002-0018-3076
FU NSF; Welch Foundation [C-1669]; DARPA OLE program
FX HP was supported by the NSF, the Welch Foundation (grant no. C-1669) and
the DARPA OLE program. We thank Hui Hu and Xia-ji Liu for stimulating
discussions, Xiangfa Zhou and Wei Yi for helpful comments and B
Ramachandhran for the help in improving the quality of some figures. We
thank Wei Yi for sending us their preprint [46] in which they
investigated the same system from a grand canonical ensemble approach.
The essential results of our works agree with each other.
NR 53
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 0
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1367-2630
J9 NEW J PHYS
JI New J. Phys.
PD JUL 17
PY 2013
VL 15
AR 075014
DI 10.1088/1367-2630/15/7/075014
PG 13
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 185DK
UT WOS:000321945200001
ER
PT J
AU Bohnet, JG
Chen, ZL
Weiner, JM
Cox, KC
Thompson, JK
AF Bohnet, Justin G.
Chen, Zilong
Weiner, Joshua M.
Cox, Kevin C.
Thompson, James K.
TI Active and passive sensing of collective atomic coherence in a
superradiant laser
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM MEMORY; LATTICE CLOCK; SINGLE-ATOM; ENTANGLEMENT; ENSEMBLES;
CAVITY; STATE; LIMIT
AB We study the nondemolition mapping of collective quantum coherence onto a cavity light field in a superradiant, cold-atom Rb-87 Raman laser. We show theoretically that the fundamental precision of the mapping is near the standard quantum limit on phase estimation for a coherent spin state, Delta phi = 1/root N, where N is the number of atoms. The associated characteristic measurement time scale tau(W) proportional to 1/N is collectively enhanced. The nondemolition nature of the measurement is characterized by only 0.5 photon recoils deposited per atom due to optical repumping in a time tau(W). We experimentally realize conditional Ramsey spectroscopy in our superradiant Raman laser, compare the results to the predicted precision, and study the mapping in the presence of decoherence, far from the steady-state conditions previously considered. Finally, we demonstrate a hybrid mode of operation in which the laser is repeatedly toggled between active and passive sensing.
C1 [Bohnet, Justin G.] Univ Colorado, NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Bohnet, JG (reprint author), Univ Colorado, NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM bohnet@jilau1.colorado.edu
RI Chen, Zilong/H-3405-2011
OI Chen, Zilong/0000-0003-4467-8537
FU NSF PFC; NIST; ARO; DARPA QuASAR; NSF GRF; A*STAR Singapore; National
Science Foundation [1125844]
FX We thank Jun Ye, Murray Holland, Dominic Meiser, and David Tieri for
enlightening conversations. All authors acknowledge financial support
from NSF PFC, NIST, ARO, and DARPA QuASAR. J.G.B. acknowledges support
from NSF GRF, and Z.C. acknowledges support from A*STAR Singapore. This
material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation
under Grant No. 1125844.
NR 55
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 14
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9926
EI 2469-9934
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD JUL 17
PY 2013
VL 88
IS 1
AR 013826
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.88.013826
PG 7
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 184WQ
UT WOS:000321924800004
ER
PT J
AU Kumar, A
Chen, MY
Hoerling, M
Eischeid, J
AF Kumar, Arun
Chen, Mingyue
Hoerling, Martin
Eischeid, Jon
TI Do extreme climate events require extreme forcings?
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE climate extremes
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; FORECAST SYSTEM; VARIABILITY; ANOMALIES;
PREDICTABILITY
AB The question whether extreme climate events require extreme forcings is assessed for the severe Great Plains drought during May-July 2012. This drought event had a rapid onset, and little indications or early warnings for its sudden emergence existed. The analysis of its origins is based on a dynamical seasonal climate forecast system where states of the ocean, atmosphere, land, sea ice, and atmospheric trace gases were initialized in late April 2012, and an ensemble of forecasts was made. Based on the diagnosis of a spectrum of possible outcomes for precipitation over the Great Plains from this system, it is concluded that the extreme Great Plains drought did not require extreme external forcings and could plausibly have arisen from atmospheric noise alone. Implications for developing early warning system for extreme events in general are also discussed.
C1 [Kumar, Arun; Chen, Mingyue] NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Hoerling, Martin; Eischeid, Jon] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Kumar, A (reprint author), NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, 5830 Univ Res Ct, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM arun.kumar@noaa.gov
NR 25
TC 21
Z9 22
U1 2
U2 24
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUL 16
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 13
BP 3440
EP 3445
DI 10.1002/grl.50657
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 244NQ
UT WOS:000326396600036
ER
PT J
AU Ault, TR
Deser, C
Newman, M
Emile-Geay, J
AF Ault, T. R.
Deser, C.
Newman, M.
Emile-Geay, J.
TI Characterizing decadal to centennial variability in the equatorial
Pacific during the last millennium
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE ENSO; decadal variability; tropical Pacific; linear inverse model;
paleoclimate; last millennium
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; PAST MILLENNIUM; EL-NINO;
CLIMATE VARIABILITY; SST VARIABILITY; NORTH PACIFIC; PART I; MODEL; ENSO
AB The magnitude of sea surface temperature variability in the NINO3.4 region of the equatorial Pacific on decadal and longer timescales is assessed in observational data, state-of-the-art (Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5) climate model simulations, and a new ensemble of paleoclimate reconstructions. On decadal to multidecadal timescales, variability in these records is consistent with the null hypothesis that it arises from "multivariate red noise" (a multivariate Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process) generated from a linear inverse model of tropical ocean-atmosphere dynamics. On centennial and longer timescales, both a last millennium simulation performed using the Community Climate System Model 4 (CCSM4) and the paleoclimate reconstructions have variability that is significantly stronger than the null hypothesis. However, the time series of the model and the reconstruction do not agree with each other. In the model, variability primarily reflects a thermodynamic response to reconstructed solar and volcanic activity, whereas in the reconstruction, variability arises from either internal climate processes, forced responses that differ from those in CCSM4, or nonclimatic proxy processes that are not yet understood. These findings imply that the response of the tropical Pacific to future forcings may be even more uncertain than portrayed by state-of-the-art models because there are potentially important sources of century-scale variability that these models do not simulate.
C1 [Ault, T. R.; Deser, C.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Newman, M.] NOAA, ESRL, PSD, Boulder, CO USA.
[Newman, M.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, CDC, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Emile-Geay, J.] Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA USA.
RP Ault, TR (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
EM ault@ucar.edu
RI Emile-Geay, Julien/B-1102-2010; Newman, Matthew /F-8336-2010
OI Emile-Geay, Julien/0000-0001-5920-4751; Newman, Matthew
/0000-0001-5348-2312
FU NCAR/ASP Fellowship; NOAA CVP; National Science Foundation
FX We thank Julia E. Cole and Bette Otto-Bliesner for insights and
comments. Work was partly supported by an NCAR/ASP Fellowship (to T.
Ault) and NOAA CVP (M. Newman). NCAR is sponsored by the National
Science Foundation.
NR 52
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 3
U2 17
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUL 16
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 13
BP 3450
EP 3456
DI 10.1002/grl.50647
PG 7
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 244NQ
UT WOS:000326396600040
ER
PT J
AU Sorooshian, A
Wang, Z
Coggon, MM
Jonsson, HH
Ervens, B
AF Sorooshian, Armin
Wang, Zhen
Coggon, Matthew M.
Jonsson, Haflidi H.
Ervens, Barbara
TI Observations of Sharp Oxalate Reductions in Stratocumulus Clouds at
Variable Altitudes: Organic Acid and Metal Measurements During the 2011
E-PEACE Campaign
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CALIFORNIA RADIATION FOGS; DROP-SIZE-DEPENDENCE; AEROSOL FORMATION;
AQUEOUS PHOTOOXIDATION; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; MARINE ATMOSPHERE;
OXALIC-ACID; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; CHEMISTRY; SULFATE
AB This work examines organic acid and metal concentrations in northeastern Pacific Ocean stratocumulus cloudwater samples collected by the CIRPAS Twin Otter between July and August 2011. Correlations between a suite of various monocarboxylic and dicarboxylic acid concentrations are consistent with documented aqueous-phase mechanistic relationships leading up to oxalate production. Monocarboxylic and dicarboxylic acids exhibited contrasting spatial profiles reflecting their different sources; the former were higher in concentration near the continent due to fresh organic emissions. Concentrations of sea salt crustal tracer species, oxalate, and malonate were positively correlated with low-level wind speed suggesting that an important route for oxalate and malonate entry in cloudwater is via some combination of association with coarse particles and gaseous precursors emitted from the ocean surface. Three case flights show that oxalate (and no other organic acid) concentrations drop by nearly an order of magnitude relative to samples in the same vicinity. A consistent feature in these cases was an inverse relationship between oxalate and several metals (Fe, Mn, K, Na, Mg, Ca), especially Fe. By means of box model studies we show that the loss of oxalate due to the photolysis of iron oxalato complexes is likely a significant oxalate sink in the study region due to the ubiquity of oxalate precursors, clouds, and metal emissions from ships, the ocean, and continental sources.
C1 [Sorooshian, Armin; Wang, Zhen] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Coggon, Matthew M.] CALTECH, Dept Chem Engn, Pasadena, CA 91126 USA.
[Jonsson, Haflidi H.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Ctr Interdisciplinary Remotely Piloted Aircraft S, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Ervens, Barbara] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Ervens, Barbara] NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Sorooshian, A (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM armin@email.arizona.edu
RI Coggon, Matthew/I-8604-2016; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015;
OI Coggon, Matthew/0000-0002-5763-1925; Sorooshian,
Armin/0000-0002-2243-2264
FU ONR [N00014-10-1-0811, N00014-11-1-0783, N00014-10-1-0200]; NOAA's
Climate Goal
FX This work was funded by ONR grants N00014-10-1-0811, N00014-11-1-0783,
and N00014-10-1-0200. We acknowledge Dean Hegg for providing the
cloudwater collector. We gratefully acknowledge the NOAA Air Resources
Laboratory (ARL) for the provision of the HYSPLIT transport and
dispersion model and READY website (http://ready.arl.noaa. gov) used in
this publication. BE acknowledges support from NOAA's Climate Goal.
NR 84
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 0
U2 32
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD JUL 16
PY 2013
VL 47
IS 14
BP 7747
EP 7756
DI 10.1021/es4012383
PG 10
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 186QS
UT WOS:000322059800023
PM 23786214
ER
PT J
AU Wei, WJ
Howard-Reed, C
Persily, A
Zhang, YP
AF Wei, Wenjuan
Howard-Reed, Cynthia
Persily, Andrew
Zhang, Yinping
TI Standard Formaldehyde Source for Chamber Testing of Material Emissions:
Model Development, Experimental Evaluation, and Impacts of Environmental
Factors
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; POROUS BUILDING-MATERIALS; HENRYS LAW
CONSTANT; VOC EMISSIONS; TEMPERATURE; COEFFICIENT; PARAMETERS; ALDEHYDES
AB Formaldehyde, which is recognized as a harmful indoor air pollutant for human health, is emitted mainly from urea formaldehyde resin in wood products. Chamber tests are used to evaluate formaldehyde emission rates from these products. However, there is no available formaldehyde standard reference emission source to assess the performance of chamber testing systems. In this work, a LIFE (liquid-inner tube diffusion-film-emission) formaldehyde reference is described. The formaldehyde source consists of a polytetra-fluoroethene (PTFE) tube that holds a formaldehyde-water solution with a concentration of 16 g formaldehyde per 100 mL water, with a thin polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) film cover. Formaldehyde emission parameters for the PDMS film (diffusion coefficient and partition coefficient) were determined experimentally, thereby enabling the prediction of the formaldehyde emissions from the source for use as a reference value in a chamber. Chamber tests were conducted in a 51 L stainless steel ventilated chamber. The impacts of temperature and relative humidity on the emissions were investigated Results show the LIFE's chamber test results match those predicted by a mass transfer model. As a result, this formaldehyde source may be used to generate a reference concentration in product emission testing chambers, thereby providing a powerful tool to evaluate the performance of the chamber testing systems.
C1 [Wei, Wenjuan; Zhang, Yinping] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Bldg Sci, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
[Wei, Wenjuan; Howard-Reed, Cynthia; Persily, Andrew] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Wei, WJ (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Dept Bldg Sci, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
EM wei-wj09@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn
RI Zhang, Yinping/B-5187-2012
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [50725620, 51106011];
National Science and Technology Support Program [2012BAJ02B01]
FX We are grateful to Dustin Poppendieck of the National Institute of
Standards and Technology for his helpful comments and suggestions. The
participation of Wenjuan Wei and Yinping Zhang in this research was
supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
(Nos. 50725620 and 51106011) and by the National Science and Technology
Support Program (No. 2012BAJ02B01) projects.
NR 37
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 4
U2 64
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD JUL 16
PY 2013
VL 47
IS 14
BP 7848
EP 7854
DI 10.1021/es400721j
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 186QS
UT WOS:000322059800035
PM 23802904
ER
PT J
AU Lamsal, LN
Martin, RV
Parrish, DD
Krotkov, NA
AF Lamsal, L. N.
Martin, R. V.
Parrish, D. D.
Krotkov, N. A.
TI Scaling Relationship for NO2 Pollution and Urban Population Size: A
Satellite Perspective
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID OZONE MONITORING INSTRUMENT; FINE PARTICULATE MATTER; UNITED-STATES;
NITROGEN-DIOXIDE; AIR-POLLUTION; NORTH-AMERICA; GLOBAL BURDEN;
POWER-PLANTS; EMISSIONS; MORTALITY
AB Concern is growing about the effects of urbanization on air pollution and health. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) released primarily from combustion processes, such as traffic, is a short-lived atmospheric pollutant that serves as an air-quality indicator and is itself a health concern. We derive a global distribution of ground-level NO2 concentrations from tropospheric NO2 columns retrieved from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI). Local scaling factors from a three-dimensional chemistry-transport model (GEOS-Chem) are used to relate the OMI NO2 columns to ground-level concentrations. The OMI-derived surface NO2 data are significantly correlated (r = 0.69) with in situ surface measurements. We examine how the OMI-derived ground-level NO2 concentrations, OMI NO2 columns, and bottom-up NOx emission inventories relate to urban population. Emission hot spots, such as power plants, are excluded to focus on urban relationships. The correlation of surface NO2 with population is significant for the three countries and one continent examined here: United States (r = 0.71), Europe (r = 0.67), China (r = 0.69), and India (r = 0.59). Urban NO2 pollution, like other urban properties, is a power law scaling function of the population size: NO2 concentration increases proportional to population raised to an exponent. The value of the exponent varies by region from 0.36 for India to 0.66 for China, reflecting regional differences in industrial development and per capita emissions. It has been generally established that energy efficiency increases and, therefore, per capita NO emissions decrease with urban population; here, we show how outdoor ambient NO2 concentrations depend upon urban population in different global regions.
C1 [Lamsal, L. N.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Goddard Earth Sci Technol & Res, Columbia, MD 21044 USA.
[Lamsal, L. N.; Krotkov, N. A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Martin, R. V.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada.
[Martin, R. V.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Parrish, D. D.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Lamsal, LN (reprint author), Univ Space Res Assoc, Goddard Earth Sci Technol & Res, Columbia, MD 21044 USA.
EM lok.lamsal@nasa.gov
RI Martin, Randall/C-1205-2014; Chem, GEOS/C-5595-2014; Parrish,
David/E-8957-2010; Krotkov, Nickolay/E-1541-2012; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Martin, Randall/0000-0003-2632-8402; Parrish, David/0000-0001-6312-2724;
Krotkov, Nickolay/0000-0001-6170-6750;
FU NASA's Earth Science Directorate Atmospheric Composition Program;
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
FX We thank Aaron van Donkelaar for performing the GEOS-Chem nested
simulation. The work was supported by NASA's Earth Science Directorate
Atmospheric Composition Program and the Natural Sciences and Engineering
Research Council of Canada.
NR 53
TC 36
Z9 39
U1 5
U2 87
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD JUL 16
PY 2013
VL 47
IS 14
BP 7855
EP 7861
DI 10.1021/es400744g
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 186QS
UT WOS:000322059800036
PM 23763377
ER
PT J
AU Yuter, SE
Miller, MA
Parker, MD
Markowski, PM
Richardson, Y
Brooks, H
Straka, JM
AF Yuter, Sandra E.
Miller, Matthew A.
Parker, Matthew D.
Markowski, Paul M.
Richardson, Yvette
Brooks, Harold
Straka, Jerry M.
TI Comment on "Why do tornados and hailstorms rest on weekends?" by D.
Rosenfeld and T. Bell
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE supercell; tornado; aerosol; hail; weekly cycle
ID REAR-FLANK DOWNDRAFTS; DESCENDING REFLECTIVITY CORES; RESOLUTION
DUAL-DOPPLER; SUPERCELL THUNDERSTORMS; NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS;
SURFACE-ANALYSIS; PART I; STORM; TORNADOGENESIS; CLIMATOLOGY
C1 [Yuter, Sandra E.; Miller, Matthew A.; Parker, Matthew D.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Markowski, Paul M.; Richardson, Yvette] Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Brooks, Harold] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Straka, Jerry M.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
RP Yuter, SE (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM seyuter@ncsu.edu
RI Parker, Matthew/A-5156-2008; Richardson, Yvette/G-5016-2013; Yuter,
Sandra/E-8808-2015;
OI Richardson, Yvette/0000-0002-4495-5074; Yuter,
Sandra/0000-0002-3222-053X; Markowski, Paul/0000-0002-4295-3390
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE SC0006701]; National Aeronautics and Space
Administration [NNX11AE98G]; National Science Foundation [ATM-0908420,
ATM-0801035, AGS-1156123, AGS-1036237]
FX This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Atmospheric
Systems Research grant DE SC0006701 (Yuter and Miller); the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration grant NNX11AE98G (Yuter and
Miller); and the National Science Foundation grants ATM-0908420 (Yuter),
ATM-0801035 (Markowski, Richardson), AGS-1156123 (Parker), and
AGS-1036237 (Straka). Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or
recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and
do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.
NR 52
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 13
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUL 16
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 13
BP 7332
EP 7338
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50526
PG 7
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 188KP
UT WOS:000322192200029
ER
PT J
AU Bergamaschi, P
Houweling, S
Segers, A
Krol, M
Frankenberg, C
Scheepmaker, RA
Dlugokencky, E
Wofsy, SC
Kort, EA
Sweeney, C
Schuck, T
Brenninkmeijer, C
Chen, H
Beck, V
Gerbig, C
AF Bergamaschi, P.
Houweling, S.
Segers, A.
Krol, M.
Frankenberg, C.
Scheepmaker, R. A.
Dlugokencky, E.
Wofsy, S. C.
Kort, E. A.
Sweeney, C.
Schuck, T.
Brenninkmeijer, C.
Chen, H.
Beck, V.
Gerbig, C.
TI Atmospheric CH4 in the first decade of the 21st century: Inverse
modeling analysis using SCIAMACHY satellite retrievals and NOAA surface
measurements
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
DE atmospheric CH4; CH4 emissions; interannual variability and trends
ID GROWTH-RATE; METHANE EMISSIONS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE;
DATA ASSIMILATION; TRANSPORT MODEL; VARIABILITY; CHEMISTRY; CLIMATE;
TROPOSPHERE
AB The causes of renewed growth in the atmospheric CH4 burden since 2007 are still poorly understood and subject of intensive scientific discussion. We present a reanalysis of global CH4 emissions during the 2000s, based on the TM5-4DVAR inverse modeling system. The model is optimized using high-accuracy surface observations from NOAA ESRL's global air sampling network for 2000-2010 combined with retrievals of column-averaged CH4 mole fractions from SCIAMACHY onboard ENVISAT (starting 2003). Using climatological OH fields, derived global total emissions for 2007-2010 are 16-20 Tg CH4/yr higher compared to 2003-2005. Most of the inferred emission increase was located in the tropics (9-14 Tg CH4/yr) and mid- latitudes of the northern hemisphere (6-8 Tg CH4/yr), while no significant trend was derived for Arctic latitudes. The atmospheric increase can be attributed mainly to increased anthropogenic emissions, but the derived trend is significantly smaller than estimated in the EDGARv4.2 emission inventory. Superimposed on the increasing trend in anthropogenic CH4 emissions are significant inter-annual variations (IAV) of emissions from wetlands (up to +/- 10 Tg CH4/yr), and biomass burning (up to +/- 7 Tg CH4/yr). Sensitivity experiments, which investigated the impact of the SCIAMACHY observations (versus inversions using only surface observations), of the OH fields used, and of a priori emission inventories, resulted in differences in the detailed latitudinal attribution of CH4 emissions, but the IAV and trends aggregated over larger latitude bands were reasonably robust. All sensitivity experiments show similar performance against independent shipboard and airborne observations used for validation, except over Amazonia where satellite retrievals improved agreement with observations in the free troposphere.
C1 [Bergamaschi, P.; Segers, A.] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, I-21020 Ispra, Italy.
[Houweling, S.; Krol, M.; Scheepmaker, R. A.] SRON, Netherlands Inst Space Res, Utrecht, Netherlands.
[Houweling, S.; Krol, M.] Inst Marine & Atmospher Res Utrecht IMAU, Utrecht, Netherlands.
[Segers, A.] TNO, Netherlands Org Appl Sci Res, Utrecht, Netherlands.
[Krol, M.] Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, Meteorol & Air Qual Dept, Wageningen, Netherlands.
[Frankenberg, C.; Kort, E. A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Dlugokencky, E.; Sweeney, C.; Chen, H.] NOAA, Global Monitoring Div, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Wofsy, S. C.] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Wofsy, S. C.] Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Sweeney, C.; Chen, H.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Schuck, T.; Brenninkmeijer, C.] Max Planck Inst Chem, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.
[Chen, H.] Univ Groningen, Ctr Isotope Res, Groningen, Netherlands.
[Beck, V.; Gerbig, C.] Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, D-07745 Jena, Germany.
RP Bergamaschi, P (reprint author), Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, I-21020 Ispra, Italy.
EM peter.bergamaschi@jrc.ec.europa.eu
RI Kort, Eric/F-9942-2012; Chen, Huilin/J-9479-2012; Gerbig,
Christoph/L-3532-2013; Krol, Maarten/E-3414-2013; Frankenberg,
Christian/A-2944-2013
OI Kort, Eric/0000-0003-4940-7541; Chen, Huilin/0000-0002-1573-6673;
Gerbig, Christoph/0000-0002-1112-8603; Frankenberg,
Christian/0000-0002-0546-5857
FU European Commission [218793]; MACC-2 [283576]; Office of Biological and
Environmental Research of the U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This work has been supported by the European Commission's Seventh
Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) projects MACC under grant agreement
218793 and MACC-2 under grant agreement 283576. We are grateful to
Philippe Le Sager for preprocessing the ECMWF meteorological data as TM5
input. We thank Greet Janssens-Maenhout for providing the EDGARv4.2
emission inventory and for the helpful comments on the manuscript and
Christoph Bruhl for providing the stratospheric CH4 sinks
from the ECHAM5/MESSy1 model. We thank ECMWF for providing computing
resources under the special projects "Inverse Modelling of Atmospheric
CH4 and N2O" (2009-2011) and "Global and Regional Inverse
Modeling of Atmospheric CH4 and N2O" (2012-2014).
Aircraft observations over SGP were supported by the Office of
Biological and Environmental Research of the U.S. Department of Energy
under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 as part of the Atmospheric Radiation
Measurement Program (ARM), ARM Aerial Facility, and Terrestrial
Ecosystem Science Program.
NR 70
TC 72
Z9 77
U1 1
U2 76
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUL 16
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 13
BP 7350
EP 7369
DI 10.1002/jgrd.50480
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 188KP
UT WOS:000322192200032
ER
PT J
AU Obrzut, J
Douglas, JF
Kirillov, O
Sharifi, F
Liddle, JA
AF Obrzut, Jan
Douglas, Jack F.
Kirillov, Oleg
Sharifi, Fred
Liddle, J. Alexander
TI Resonant Microwave Absorption in Thermally Deposited Au Nanoparticle
Films Near Percolation Coverage
SO LANGMUIR
LA English
DT Article
ID ANOMALOUS INFRARED-ABSORPTION; SEMICONTINUOUS METAL-FILMS;
DIELECTRIC-CONSTANT; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; CRITICAL-BEHAVIOR; THRESHOLD;
CONDUCTIVITY; COMPOSITE; FIELDS; RANGE
AB We observe a resonant transition in the microwave absorption of thin thermally deposited Au nanoparticle films near the geometrical percolation transition Pc where the films exhibit a 'fractal' heterogeneous geometry. Absorption of incident microwave radiation increases sharply near p, consistent with effective medium theory predictions. Both the theory and our experiments indicate that the hierarchical structure of these films makes their absorption insensitive to the microwave radiation wavelength lambda, so that this singular absorption of microwave radiation is observed over a broad frequency range between 100 MHz and 20 GHz. The interaction of electromagnetic radiation with randomly distributed conductive scattering particles gives rise to localized resonant modes, and our measurements indicate that this adsorption process is significantly enhanced for microwaves in comparison to ordinary light. In particular, above the percolation transition a portion of the injected microwave power is stored within the film until dissipated. Finally, we find that the measured surface conductivity can be quantitatively described at all Au concentrations by generalized effective medium theory, where the fitted conductivity percolation exponents and p(c) itself are consistent with known two-dimensional estimates. Our results demonstrate that microwave measurements provide a powerful means of remotely measuring the electromagnetic properties of highly heterogeneous conducting films, enabling purposeful engineering of the electromagnetic properties of thin films in the microwave frequency range through fabrication of 'disordered' films of conducting particles such as metal nanoparticles or carbon nanotubes.
C1 [Obrzut, Jan; Douglas, Jack F.; Kirillov, Oleg; Sharifi, Fred; Liddle, J. Alexander] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Obrzut, J (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jan.obrzut@nist.gov; jack.douglas@nist.gov
RI Liddle, James/A-4867-2013;
OI Liddle, James/0000-0002-2508-7910; Obrzut, Jan/0000-0001-6667-9712
FU NIST Center of Nanoscience and Technology
FX This work was supported in part by a research grant from the NIST Center
of Nanoscience and Technology.
NR 41
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 39
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0743-7463
J9 LANGMUIR
JI Langmuir
PD JUL 16
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 28
BP 9010
EP 9015
DI 10.1021/la401753y
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 186QR
UT WOS:000322059700030
PM 23815370
ER
PT J
AU Singhal, G
Panchang, VG
Nelson, JA
AF Singhal, Gaurav
Panchang, Vijay G.
Nelson, James A.
TI Sensitivity assessment of wave heights to surface forcing in Cook Inlet,
Alaska
SO CONTINENTAL SHELF RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Simulating waves nearshore (SWAN); Environmental fluid dynamics code
(EFDC); Cook Inlet; Coupled wind-wave current modeling; Sensitivity
analysis
ID COASTAL REGIONS; MODEL; PREDICTION; SYSTEM
AB Strong tidal forcing combined with complex winds and currents make wave modeling quite challenging in Cook Inlet (CI), Alaska. Using a coupled wind-wave-current modeling approach, we conducted a sensitivity analysis of the environmental factors that impact the modeling predictive skill for waves. A depth-averaged circulation model forced by the winds, tides, and river input was shown to replicate measured flow velocities (NOAA data obtained in 2005) with high correlation coefficients (R-2 > 0.8). Wave-current interaction is examined by one-way and two-way coupling of the wave and circulation models for a 12-day period that included multiple storm events. On average, it is found that significant wave heights (5WHs), which were originally <2 m, increase by about 0.5 m in the presence of currents (with speeds up to 3 m/s). While the effect of currents on larger SWHs (> 2 m) was found to be minimal. On the other hand, the effect of waves on the currents was found to be marginal, which indicated that two-way coupling between the models may be unnecessary. Artificial adjustment to the currents (to account for possible errors and uncertainties in the circulation model such as baroclinic forcing, winds, and other effects) had only a small effect on the predicted SWHs resulting from the coupled model (< 10 cm, on average). On the other hand, errors in the wind-fields and wave open boundary conditions resulted in substantial errors in the modeled SWHs. Overall, the experiments carried out here suggest that for forecasting purposes, one-way coupling would be adequate; two-way coupling, albeit incorporating better physics, has less of an effect on the accuracy of the forecast than improved wind-fields. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Singhal, Gaurav; Panchang, Vijay G.] Texas A&M Univ, Galveston, TX 77553 USA.
[Singhal, Gaurav; Panchang, Vijay G.] Texas A&M Univ, Coastal & Ocean Div, College Stn, TX 77840 USA.
[Nelson, James A.] Natl Weather Serv, Anchorage Forecast Off, Anchorage, AK 99502 USA.
RP Singhal, G (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, 200 Seawolf Pkwy, Galveston, TX 77553 USA.
EM singhalg@tamu.edu
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [NA10NWS4680006]
FX This study is funded under Award no. NA10NWS4680006 from the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The efforts of the NCEP, in
particular the kind cooperation of Dr. Hendrik Tolman, are invaluable.
Dr. Peter Olsson and his research team provided access to the WRF data.
NR 24
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 15
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0278-4343
J9 CONT SHELF RES
JI Cont. Shelf Res.
PD JUL 15
PY 2013
VL 63
SU S
SI SI
BP S50
EP S62
DI 10.1016/j.csr.2012.02.007
PG 13
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 202BP
UT WOS:000323188800006
ER
PT J
AU Wang, XC
Chao, Y
Zhang, HC
Farrara, J
Li, ZJ
Jin, X
Park, K
Colas, F
McWilliams, JC
Paternostro, C
Shum, CK
Yi, YC
Schoch, C
Olsson, P
AF Wang, Xiaochun
Chao, Yi
Zhang, Hongchun
Farrara, John
Li, Zhijin
Jin, Xin
Park, Kyungeen
Colas, Francois
McWilliams, James C.
Paternostro, Chris
Shum, C. K.
Yi, Yuchan
Schoch, Carl
Olsson, Peter
TI Modeling tides and their influence on the circulation in Prince William
Sound, Alaska
SO CONTINENTAL SHELF RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Prince William Sound; Tides; Cyclonic gyre
ID COASTAL OCEAN MODEL; CENTRAL CALIFORNIA; BOUNDARY-CONDITION; SYSTEM;
IMPLEMENTATION; FLOW; VARIABILITY; FORMULATION; SIMULATION; CURRENTS
AB In the process of developing a real-time data-assimilating coastal ocean forecasting system for Prince William Sound, Alaska, tidal signal was added to a three-domain nested model for the region. The model, which is configured from the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS), has 40 levels in the vertical direction and horizontal resolutions of 10.6 km, 3.6 km and 1.2 km for its three nested domains, respectively. In the present research, the ROMS tidal solution was validated using data from coastal tide gauges, satellite altimeters, high-frequency coastal radars, and Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) current surveys. The error of barotropic tides, as measured by the total root mean square discrepancy of eight major tidal constituents is 5.3 cm, or 5.6% of the tidal sea surface height variability in the open ocean. Along the coastal region, the total discrepancy is 9.6 cm, or 8.2% of the tidal sea surface height variability. Model tidal currents agree reasonably well with the observations. The influence of tides on the circulation was also investigated using numerical experiments. Besides tides, other types of forcing fields (heat flux, wind stress, evaporation minus precipitation, and freshwater discharge) were also included in the model. Our results indicate that tides play a significant role in shaping the mean circulation of the region. For the summer months, the tidal residual circulation tends to generate a cyclonic gyre in the central Sound. The net transport into the Sound through Hinchinbrook Entrance is reduced. Tides also increase the mixed layer depth in the Sound, especially during the winter months. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wang, Xiaochun; Chao, Yi; Zhang, Hongchun; Farrara, John; Li, Zhijin; Jin, Xin] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Joint Inst Reg Earth Syst Sci & Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Chao, Yi] Remote Sensing Solut Inc, Pasadena, CA 91107 USA.
[Li, Zhijin; Park, Kyungeen] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Colas, Francois; McWilliams, James C.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Paternostro, Chris] NOAA, Ctr Operat Oceanog Prod & Serv, NOS, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Shum, C. K.; Yi, Yuchan] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Schoch, Carl] Alaska Ocean Observing Syst, Anchorage, AK 99501 USA.
[Olsson, Peter] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Alaska Expt Forecast Facil, Anchorage, AK 99501 USA.
RP Wang, XC (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Joint Inst Reg Earth Syst Sci & Engn, 607 Charles E Young Dr East,Young Hall,Room 4242, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
EM xcwang@jifresse.ucla.edu
RI Colas, Francois/B-4920-2012
OI Colas, Francois/0000-0002-5859-6586
FU Alaska Ocean Observing System (AOOS); NASA's Physical Oceanography
Program under the Ocean Topography Science Team; PWSSC Project
[10-10-09]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
FX The research was carried out, in part, by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory
(JPL), California Institute of Technology, under contract with the
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The financial
support was provided by the Alaska Ocean Observing System (AOOS). Dr.
Jia Wang generously shared his code of the hydrological digital
elevation model, which was modified and used in the present research.
The IT support to the ROMS group at JPL was provided by Drs. Peggy Li
and Quoc Vu. The Ohio State University research is supported by NASA's
Physical Oceanography Program under the Ocean Topography Science Team.
The long-term support from Drs. Emily Greene and Michael Lampel at the
Pasadena office of Raytheon is acknowledged. Computations were performed
on computers provided by the JPL Supercomputer Project and the NASA
Advanced Supercomputing Division at Ames Research Center. Wang would
like to acknowledge the support from PWSSC Project 10-10-09 and the
support from Profs. Guoxiong Wu and Yimin Liu from Institute of
Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences during the summer of
2012. The comments from anonymous reviewers and the editor helped us
greatly during the revision process.
NR 54
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 3
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0278-4343
J9 CONT SHELF RES
JI Cont. Shelf Res.
PD JUL 15
PY 2013
VL 63
SU S
SI SI
BP S126
EP S137
DI 10.1016/j.csr.2012.08.016
PG 12
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 202BP
UT WOS:000323188800011
ER
PT J
AU Glebov, BL
Fan, J
Migdall, A
AF Glebov, Boris L.
Fan, J.
Migdall, A.
TI Deterministic generation of single photons via multiplexing repetitive
parametric downconversions
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID ATOMIC ENSEMBLES; LINEAR OPTICS; EFFICIENCY
AB We show through Monte Carlo simulation, under realistic experimental conditions, that a system composed of just a few repetitive spontaneous parametric downconversion processes can approximate an on-demand single-photon source with nearly deterministic single-photon emission.
C1 [Glebov, Boris L.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Glebov, BL (reprint author), NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM boris.glebov@nist.gov; jfan@nist.gov
FU Physics Frontier Center at the Joint Quantum Institute; IC Postdoc
Fellowship
FX This research was supported in part by the Physics Frontier Center at
the Joint Quantum Institute. B. L. G. acknowledges the support from the
IC Postdoc Fellowship.
NR 19
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 10
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JUL 15
PY 2013
VL 103
IS 3
AR 031115
DI 10.1063/1.4816059
PG 4
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 187UM
UT WOS:000322146300015
ER
PT J
AU Deshpande, AD
Dockum, BW
Cleary, T
Farrington, C
Wieczorek, D
AF Deshpande, Ashok D.
Dockum, Bruce W.
Cleary, Thomas
Farrington, Cameron
Wieczorek, Daniel
TI Bioaccumulation of polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine
pesticides in young-of-the-year bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix) in the
vicinity of a Superfund Site in New Bedford Harbor, Massachusetts, and
in the adjacent waters
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE New Bedford Harbor; YOY bluefish; PCBs; Organochlorine pesticides
ID FISH FUNDULUS-HETEROCLITUS; TOXIC EQUIVALENCY FACTORS; SEALS
PHOCA-VITULINA; MICROPTERUS-SALMOIDES; SPATIAL VARIATION;
THYROID-HORMONES; LARGEMOUTH BASS; PCB; CONGENERS; MUSCLE
AB Spatial gradients of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides were examined in the young-of-the-year (YOY) bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix) in the vicinity of a PCB Superfund Site in New Bedford Harbor, Massachusetts, and in the adjacent waters. PCB concentrations in bluefish varied between different locations, and also among fish from a given location. A generally decreasing gradient in PCB concentrations was evident as the bluefish were collected away from the Superfund Site. The average sum of PCB concentrations were highest for bluefish collected in the Upper Harbor between Inter-state-195 Bridge and Coggeshall Street Bridge (Upper Harbor), followed by bluefish in Lower Harbor from north of Popes Island Bridge (Lower Harbor), and bluefish from Outer Harbor south of Hurricane Barrier (Outer Harbor). The levels of PCBs in bluefish from Clarks Cove and PCBs in bluefish from Buzzards Bay were similar and lowest among all bluefish specimens analyzed in the present study. Pesticide concentrations were about one order of magnitude or lower than the PCB concentrations, and the gradient of pesticide concentrations generally followed the gradient of PCB concentrations. Some of the commonly detected pesticides in the order of decreasing concentrations included DDTs and metabolites, heptachlor epoxide, endosulfan sulfate, and alpha-chlordane. Distribution of PCBs and sulfate, and alpha-chlordane. Distribution of PCBs and organochlorine pesticides were examined in the tissues of YOY bluefish from Clarks Cove. PCBs and lipids in the brain samples of YOY bluefish were generally numerically greater than PCBs in the liver samples, but these differences were not statistically significant. PCBs and lipids in hypaxial muscle samples were numerically greater than PCBs in epaxial muscle samples, although these two groups of tissues were not statistically different. Despite the higher susceptibility of lighter PCB homologs to geophysical and biogeochemical weathering processes, the relative dominance of lighter homologs in the Upper Harbor and Lower Harbor samples suggested ongoing or recent sources of these lighter PCBs, particularly Aroclor 1242 and Aroclor 1016 in this area. The presence of heavier homologs in the Upper Harbor and Lower Harbor bluefish samples could be attributed to Aroclor 1252 and Aroclor 1254 that were being used in relatively smaller quantities in the manufacture of electrical components in addition to Aroclor 1242 and Aroclor 1016. The concentration of heavier PCB homologs appears to increase in YOY bluefish the further away from the PCB Superfund Site in the Acushnet Estuary the samples were collected. Principal component analyses of PCB 153 normalized concentrations of the individual PCB congeners resulted in two general groupings; a relatively tight group comprised of YOY bluefish from Upper Harbor, Lower Harbor, and Outer Harbor, and a rather loose and more dispersed group comprised of Buzzards Bay bluefish and the tissue samples of bluefish from Clarks Cove. Principal component analyses of major pesticides suggested close groupings of bluefish from Clarks Cove and bluefish from Buzzards Bay. Pesticides in bluefish from Upper Harbor, Lower Harbor, and Outer Harbor formed a loose group, with some bluefish from these locations populating close to Clarks Cove and Buzzards Bay bluefish.
Although PCBs have been implicated in various behavioral and health effects in the experimental and field studies, the deleterious effects of chronic exposure to high concentrations of PCBs and the potential for recruitment of New Bedford Harbor YOY bluefish population to the adult stock remains obscure. Adaptive or evolutionary resistance to contaminants have been documented in resident species in some highly contaminated estuaries, however similar responses have not been investigated in the migratory species like bluefish. The results of the present study provide a reference baseline for YOY bluefish for "before-and-after" comparative studies and other toxicological studies for the New Bedford Harbor Superfund Site that is currently being remediated. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Deshpande, Ashok D.; Dockum, Bruce W.; Cleary, Thomas; Farrington, Cameron; Wieczorek, Daniel] NOAA Fisheries, James J Howard Marine Sci Lab Sandy Hook, Highlands, NJ USA.
RP Deshpande, AD (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, James J Howard Marine Sci Lab Sandy Hook, Highlands, NJ USA.
EM ashok.deshpande@noaa.gov
NR 52
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 5
U2 36
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PD JUL 15
PY 2013
VL 72
IS 1
BP 146
EP 164
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.04.008
PG 19
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 185AN
UT WOS:000321937700031
PM 23664766
ER
PT J
AU Goldschmidt, EA
Piacentini, F
Berchera, IR
Polyakov, SV
Peters, S
Kuck, S
Brida, G
Degiovanni, IP
Migdall, A
Genovese, M
AF Goldschmidt, Elizabeth A.
Piacentini, Fabrizio
Berchera, Ivano Ruo
Polyakov, Sergey V.
Peters, Silke
Kueck, Stefan
Brida, Giorgio
Degiovanni, Ivo P.
Migdall, Alan
Genovese, Marco
TI Mode reconstruction of a light field by multiphoton statistics
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID EXPERIMENTAL REALIZATION; PHOTON STATISTICS; SINGLE-PHOTONS; TOMOGRAPHY
AB We present a simple method to reconstruct the mode distribution of multimode classical and nonclassical optical fields using a single measurement of higher-order photon number correlation functions. Knowing the underlying number and structure of occupied modes of a light field plays a crucial role in minimizing loss and decoherence of quantum information. Typically, full characterization of the mode structure involves a series of several separate measurements in spatial, temporal, frequency, and polarization domains. We experimentally demonstrate reconstruction of up to three modes with excellent agreement and study the robustness of our method in experimentally realizable regimes.
C1 [Goldschmidt, Elizabeth A.; Migdall, Alan] Univ Maryland, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Goldschmidt, Elizabeth A.; Polyakov, Sergey V.; Migdall, Alan] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Piacentini, Fabrizio; Berchera, Ivano Ruo; Brida, Giorgio; Degiovanni, Ivo P.; Genovese, Marco] INRIM, I-10135 Turin, Italy.
[Peters, Silke; Kueck, Stefan] Phys Tech Bundesanstalt, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany.
RP Goldschmidt, EA (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM egolds@nist.gov
RI genovese, marco/D-4862-2013; Degiovanni, Ivo Pietro/F-2140-2013;
Piacentini, Fabrizio/N-6684-2015; Ruo-Berchera, Ivano/F-3119-2016;
OI genovese, marco/0000-0001-9186-8849; Degiovanni, Ivo
Pietro/0000-0003-0332-3115; Piacentini, Fabrizio/0000-0002-8098-5692;
Ruo-Berchera, Ivano/0000-0003-3131-8866; Goldschmidt,
Elizabeth/0000-0002-6553-9731
FU MIUR [FIRB RBFR10UAUV]; Fondazione San Paolo; Nato Grant [984397]; EMRP
[IND06-MIQC]; EMRP within EURAMET; European Union; Physis Frontier
Center at the Joint Quantum Institute
FX The research leading to these results has received funding by MIUR, FIRB
RBFR10UAUV, by Fondazione San Paolo, by Nato Grant No. 984397, and EMRP
(project IND06-MIQC). The EMRP is jointly funded by the EMRP
participating countries within EURAMET and the European Union. The
authors also acknowledge support from the Physics Frontier Center at the
Joint Quantum Institute. The authors thank Stephen Maxwell for fruitful
discussions.
NR 33
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 2
U2 16
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD JUL 15
PY 2013
VL 88
IS 1
AR 013822
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.88.013822
PG 5
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 183SH
UT WOS:000321837000027
ER
PT J
AU Bigford, TE
AF Bigford, Thomas E.
TI The Imperative for Timely Action
SO FISHERIES
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 NOAA Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Off Habitat Conservat, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Bigford, TE (reprint author), NOAA Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Off Habitat Conservat, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM Thomas.bigford@noaa.gov
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0363-2415
EI 1548-8446
J9 FISHERIES
JI Fisheries
PD JUL 15
PY 2013
VL 38
IS 7
BP 296
EP +
DI 10.1080/03632415.2013.805691
PG 2
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 181XG
UT WOS:000321703000003
ER
PT J
AU Bunch, AJ
Walters, CJ
Coggins, LG
AF Bunch, Aaron J.
Walters, Carl J.
Coggins, Lewis G., Jr.
TI Measurement Error in Fish Lengths: Evaluation and Management
Implications
SO FISHERIES
LA English
DT Article
ID DIGIT PREFERENCE; PRECISION; ACCURACY; SHRINKAGE; MODELS; TESTS; BIAS
AB A fundamental aspect of fisheries science is measuring body length. Humans are inherently prone to error despite systems and provisions made to reduce it. We evaluated length measurement error (herein, referred to as error) and digit preference from fish studies conducted on the Colorado River and Little Colorado River in Arizona. Empirical error estimates varied among fish species and generally increased with fish size. We identified a digit preference for numbers ending in zero and five, which was exacerbated with larger sizes. Error effects on growth estimates were largest for fish recaptured after a short time, and we suggest guarding against the error phenomenon by removing data from fish captured and recaptured within a minimum of 30 days. Human, situation, and specimen induced error factors are described. Fisheries professionals should be cognizant of error factors, especially in situations when high precision and accuracy are required and results have important management implications.
C1 [Bunch, Aaron J.] Arizona Game & Fish Dept, Phoenix, AZ 85086 USA.
[Walters, Carl J.] Univ British Columbia, Fisheries Ctr, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Coggins, Lewis G., Jr.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
RP Bunch, AJ (reprint author), Arizona Game & Fish Dept, 5000 W Carefree Hwy, Phoenix, AZ 85086 USA.
EM ABunch@azgfd.gov
FU The U.S. Geological Survey, Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center
in Flagstaff, Arizona [G09AC00036]
FX The U.S. Geological Survey, Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center
in Flagstaff, Arizona, provided the long-term fish monitoring database
and also funded the study under Cooperative Agreement #G09AC00036. We
would like to thank the hundreds of fisheries professionals and
volunteers who gathered the data over the past 43 years. W. Stewart, B.
Stewart, R. Van Haverbeke, M. Pillow, and R. Deshler assisted with the
juvenile Chub evaluation. J. Korman, D. Ward, W. Stewart, C. Yackulic,
S. VanderKooi, E. Williams, A. Hohn, and anonymous reviewers provided
valuable editorial comments and suggestions.
NR 37
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 6
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0363-2415
J9 FISHERIES
JI Fisheries
PD JUL 15
PY 2013
VL 38
IS 7
BP 320
EP 326
DI 10.1080/03632415.2013.803472
PG 7
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 181XG
UT WOS:000321703000006
ER
PT J
AU Gullans, M
Krich, JJ
Taylor, JM
Halperin, BI
Lukin, MD
AF Gullans, M.
Krich, J. J.
Taylor, J. M.
Halperin, B. I.
Lukin, M. D.
TI Preparation of nonequilibrium nuclear spin states in double quantum dots
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID 2-DIMENSIONAL ELECTRON-GAS; POLARIZATION; QUBITS
AB We theoretically study the dynamic polarization of lattice nuclear spins in GaAs double quantum dots containing two electrons. In our prior work, we identified three regimes of long-term dynamics, including the buildup of a large difference in the Overhauser fields across the dots, the saturation of the nuclear polarization process associated with the formation of so-called dark states, and the elimination of the difference field. In particular, when the dots are different sizes, we found that the Overhauser field becomes larger in the smaller dot. Here we present a detailed theoretical analysis of these problems, including a model of the polarization dynamics and the development of a numerical method to efficiently simulate semiclassical-central-spin problems. When nuclear spin noise is included, the results agree with our prior work indicating that large difference fields and dark states are stable configurations, while the elimination of the difference field is unstable; however, in the absence of noise, we find all three steady states are achieved depending on parameters. These results are in good agreement with dynamic nuclear polarization experiments in double quantum dots.
C1 [Gullans, M.; Krich, J. J.; Halperin, B. I.; Lukin, M. D.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Krich, J. J.] Univ Ottawa, Dept Phys, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
[Taylor, J. M.] Univ Maryland, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Taylor, J. M.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Gullans, M (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RI Taylor, Jacob/B-7826-2011;
OI Taylor, Jacob/0000-0003-0493-5594; Gullans, Michael/0000-0003-3974-2987
FU Physics Frontier Center at the Joint Quantum Institute; DARPA; MTO; NSF
[DMR-0908070]; Office of the Director of National Intelligence;
Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity (IARPA); Army Research
Office Grant [W911NF-12-1-0354]
FX We thank S. Foletti, H. Bluhm, C. Barthel, C. M. Marcus, M. Rudner, A.
Yacoby, and M. Stopa for valuable conversations. Research was supported
by the Physics Frontier Center at the Joint Quantum Institute, DARPA,
MTO, NSF Grant No. DMR-0908070 and by the Office of the Director of
National Intelligence, Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity
(IARPA), through the Army Research Office Grant No. W911NF-12-1-0354.
NR 46
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD JUL 15
PY 2013
VL 88
IS 3
AR 035309
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.88.035309
PG 14
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 183SX
UT WOS:000321838600006
ER
PT J
AU Guha, S
Wayment, J
Rastogi, V
Li, M
Tarlov, MJ
Zachariah, MR
AF Guha, Suvajyoti
Wayment, Joshua
Rastogi, Vinayak
Li, Mingdong
Tarlov, Michael J.
Zachariah, Michael R.
TI Competitive adsorption-desorption of IgM monomers-dimers on silica and
modified silica surfaces
SO JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Electrospray; Differential mobility analysis; Protein; Competitive
adsorption; Desorption; Bovine; Immunoglobulin; IgM; Silica surface;
Gelatin
ID DIFFERENTIAL MOBILITY ANALYSIS; ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; BOVINE
SERUM-ALBUMIN; PROTEIN ADSORPTION; PLASMON RESONANCE; ELECTROSPRAY;
FIBRINOGEN; NANOPARTICLES; ELLIPSOMETRY; ACTIVATION
AB Understanding competitive adsorption-desorption of proteins onto surfaces is an important area of research in food processing and biomedical engineering. Here, we demonstrate, how electrospray-differential mobility analysis that has been traditionally used for characterizing bionanoparticles, can be used for quantifying complex competitive adsorption-desorption of oligomeric proteins or multiprotein systems using monomers and dimers of IgM as a model example onto silica and modified silica surfaces. Using ES-DMA, we show that IgM dimers show a preference to stay adsorbed to different surfaces although monomers adsorb more easily and desorption rates of monomers and dimers of IgM are surface-type-dependent and are not significantly affected by shear. We anticipate that this demonstration will make ES-DMA a popular "label-free" method for studying multicomponent multi-oligomeric protein adsorption to different surfaces in the future. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Guha, Suvajyoti; Li, Mingdong; Zachariah, Michael R.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Guha, Suvajyoti; Wayment, Joshua; Rastogi, Vinayak; Li, Mingdong; Tarlov, Michael J.; Zachariah, Michael R.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Zachariah, MR (reprint author), Univ Maryland, 2125 Glenn L Martin Hall,Bldg 088, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM mrz@umd.edu
RI Li, Mingdong/G-6957-2014;
OI Li, Mingdong/0000-0001-5890-7156; Guha, Suvajyoti/0000-0002-7622-2721
NR 47
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 25
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0021-9797
J9 J COLLOID INTERF SCI
JI J. Colloid Interface Sci.
PD JUL 15
PY 2013
VL 402
BP 291
EP 299
DI 10.1016/j.jcis.2013.02.050
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 152OG
UT WOS:000319540400038
PM 23628202
ER
PT J
AU Anderson, BM
Clark, CW
AF Anderson, Brandon M.
Clark, Charles W.
TI Three-dimensional spin-orbit coupling in a trap
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID NEUTRAL ATOMS
AB We investigate the properties of an atom under the influence of a synthetic three-dimensional spin-orbit coupling (Weyl coupling) in the presence of a harmonic trap. The conservation of total angular momentum provides a numerically efficient scheme for finding the spectrum and eigenfunctions of the system. We show that at large spin-orbit coupling the system undergoes dimensional reduction from three to one dimension at low energies, and the spectrum is approximately Landau level-like. At high energies, the spectrum is approximately given by the three-dimensional isotropic harmonic oscillator. We explore the properties of the ground state in both position and momentum space. We find the ground state has spin textures with oscillations set by the spin-orbit length scale.
C1 [Anderson, Brandon M.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Anderson, BM (reprint author), NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM brandona@umd.edu
RI Clark, Charles/A-8594-2009;
OI Clark, Charles/0000-0001-8724-9885; Anderson,
Brandon/0000-0001-6895-9902
FU US Department of Commerce; National Institute of Standards and
Technology; National Science Foundation under Physics Frontiers Center
Grant [PHY-0822671]; ARO under the DARPA OLE program
FX During the completion of this manuscript, the authors became aware of
two similar works a system with Weyl spin-orbit coupling [33, 34]. This
research was performed in part under the sponsorship of the US
Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology,
and was supported by the National Science Foundation under Physics
Frontiers Center Grant PHY-0822671 and by the ARO under the DARPA OLE
program.
NR 32
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 6
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-4075
J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT
JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys.
PD JUL 14
PY 2013
VL 46
IS 13
SI SI
AR 134003
DI 10.1088/0953-4075/46/13/134003
PG 12
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 173WI
UT WOS:000321112100004
ER
PT J
AU Wagman, JJ
Van Gastel, G
Ross, KA
Yamani, Z
Zhao, Y
Qiu, Y
Copley, JRD
Kallin, AB
Mazurek, E
Carlo, JP
Dabkowska, HA
Gaulin, BD
AF Wagman, J. J.
Van Gastel, G.
Ross, K. A.
Yamani, Z.
Zhao, Y.
Qiu, Y.
Copley, J. R. D.
Kallin, A. B.
Mazurek, E.
Carlo, J. P.
Dabkowska, H. A.
Gaulin, B. D.
TI Two-dimensional incommensurate and three-dimensional commensurate
magnetic order and fluctuations in La2-xBaxCuO4
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; SPIN FLUCTUATIONS;
LA2-XSRXCUO4; EXCITATIONS; LA2CUO4; TRANSITION; PHASE; LA1.85SR0.15CUO4;
INSTABILITY
AB We present neutron-scattering measurements on single crystals of lightly doped La2-xBaxCuO4, with 0 <= x <= 0.035. These reveal the evolution of the magnetism in this prototypical doped Mott insulator from a three-dimensional (3D) commensurate (C) antiferromagnetic ground state, which orders at a relatively high T-N, to a two-dimensional (2D) incommensurate (IC) ground state with finite-ranged static correlations, which appear below a relatively low effective T-N. At low temperatures, the 2D IC magnetism coexists with the 3D C magnetism for doping concentrations as low as similar to 0.0125. We find no signal of a 3D C magnetic ground state by x similar to 0.025, consistent with the upper limit of x similar to 0.02 observed in the sister family of doped Mott insulators, La2-xSrxCuO4. The 2D IC ground states observed for 0.0125 <= x <= 0.035 are diagonal, and are rotated by 45 degrees within the orthorhombic basal plane compared with those previously reported for samples with superconducting ground states: La2-xBaxCuO4, with 0.05 <= x <= 0.095. We construct a phase diagram based solely on magnetic order-parameter measurements, which displays much of the complexity of standard high-temperature superconductivity phase diagrams discussed in the literature. Analysis of high-energy resolution inelastic neutron scattering at moderately low temperatures shows a progressive depletion of the very low-energy dynamic magnetic susceptibility as x increases from 0.0125 to 0.035. This low-energy, dynamic susceptibility falls off with increasing temperature on a scale much higher than the effective 2D IC T-N appropriate to these materials. Appreciable dynamic 2D IC magnetic fluctuations inhabit much of the "pseudogap" regime of the phase diagram.
C1 [Wagman, J. J.; Van Gastel, G.; Ross, K. A.; Kallin, A. B.; Mazurek, E.; Carlo, J. P.; Gaulin, B. D.] McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
[Ross, K. A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Ross, K. A.; Zhao, Y.; Qiu, Y.; Copley, J. R. D.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Yamani, Z.; Carlo, J. P.] AECL Res, Chalk River Labs, NRC, Canadian Neutron Beam Ctr, Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0, Canada.
[Zhao, Y.; Qiu, Y.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Kallin, A. B.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys & Astron, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
[Dabkowska, H. A.; Gaulin, B. D.] McMaster Univ, Brockhouse Inst Mat Res, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
[Gaulin, B. D.] Canadian Inst Adv Res, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada.
RP Wagman, JJ (reprint author), McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
RI yamani, zahra/B-7892-2012;
OI Ross, Kate/0000-0002-7385-7449
FU Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US
Department of Energy; NSERC of Canada; National Science Foundation
[DMR-0944772]
FX We would like to acknowledge useful conversations had with A. J.
Berlinsky, C. Kallin, G. M. Luke, J. P. Clancy, K. Fritsch, A.
Dabkowski, and T. Timusk. We would also like to acknowledge M. D.
Lumsden for technical assistance with the measurements on HB3. Research
using ORNL's High Flux Isotope Reactor was sponsored by the Scientific
User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department
of Energy. Work at McMaster was funded by NSERC of Canada. This work
utilized facilities supported in part by the National Science Foundation
under Agreement No. DMR-0944772.
NR 51
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 28
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD JUL 12
PY 2013
VL 88
IS 1
AR 014412
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.88.014412
PG 10
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 183RD
UT WOS:000321834000004
ER
PT J
AU Wineland, DJ
AF Wineland, David J.
TI Nobel Lecture: Superposition, entanglement, and raising Schrodinger's
cat
SO REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID MONO-ION OSCILLATOR; OPTICAL FREQUENCY STANDARDS; TRAPPED ATOMIC IONS;
ZERO-POINT ENERGY; QUANTUM JUMPS; RADIATION-PRESSURE; SINGLE-ATOM;
PROJECTION NOISE; MOTIONAL STATES; HYDROGEN MASER
C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Wineland, DJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
FU NBS/NIST management; NIST; AFOSR; ARO; DARPA; ONR
FX Certainly my role in this work is very small when compared to that of my
colleagues both at NIST and around the world, who have made so many
important contributions. Having been recognized by the Royal Swedish
Academy of Sciences is really more recognition of our field rather than
individual accomplishment; many others are at least as deserving. Just
the work of the NIST group was due to the combined efforts of a very
large number of people. I have been lucky to work with NIST permanent
staff members Jim Bergquist, John Bollinger, Bob Drullinger, and Wayne
Itano for my entire career, and we have been fortunate to be joined by
Didi Leibfried and Till Rosenband in the last decade. Chris Monroe was a
very important part of our group from 1992 to 2000 and now has his own
group at the University of Maryland. Of course our successes would not
have happened if not for the dedication of many students, postdocs, and
visiting scientists to our group, numbering over 100 people. Having a
group working directly together or on related problems has been a source
of strength for us, and the congenial atmosphere over the years has made
our efforts so enjoyable. Throughout my career, our group has enjoyed
the support and encouragement of NBS/NIST management. My direct
supervisors over the years, Helmut Hellwig, Sam Stein, Don Sullivan, and
Tom O'Brian, have always supported our goals and desires as much as
possible. More recently, we have also enjoyed the support of Carl
Williams, who heads NIST's quantum information program. We are all
indebted to our laboratory director, Katharine Gebbie, for her support
and encouragement. Perhaps one measure of her success is that I am the
fourth person, after Bill Phillips, Eric Cornell, and Jan Hall, to
receive a Nobel prize during her tenure as lab director. We are also
grateful for the support of agencies outside of NIST, such as AFOSR,
ARO, DARPA, ONR, and various intelligence agencies who have supported
our work on quantum information. I have great respect for the leaders of
some of our group's strongest competition such as Rainer Blatt
(Innsbruck) and Chris Monroe (University of Maryland) and have enjoyed
their friendship for many years. It was also a great pleasure to share
this recognition with Serge Haroche. I have known Serge for about 25
years and have enjoyed both his group's elegant science and also the
mutual friendship that my wife and I have shared with him and his wife,
Claudine. Most importantly, I have been very fortunate to have the
support, understanding, and patience of my wife Sedna and sons Charles
and Michael. I thank John Bollinger, Wayne Itano, Didi Leibfried, and
Till Rosenband for helpful suggestions on the manuscript.
NR 165
TC 92
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U1 5
U2 76
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0034-6861
J9 REV MOD PHYS
JI Rev. Mod. Phys.
PD JUL 12
PY 2013
VL 85
IS 3
BP 1103
EP 1114
DI 10.1103/RevModPhys.85.1103
PG 12
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 183XA
UT WOS:000321849400003
ER
PT J
AU Hackerott, S
Valdivia, A
Green, SJ
Cote, IM
Cox, CE
Akins, L
Layman, CA
Precht, WF
Bruno, JF
AF Hackerott, Serena
Valdivia, Abel
Green, Stephanie J.
Cote, Isabelle M.
Cox, Courtney E.
Akins, Lad
Layman, Craig A.
Precht, William F.
Bruno, John F.
TI Native Predators Do Not Influence Invasion Success of Pacific Lionfish
on Caribbean Reefs
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID EXOTIC PLANT INVASIONS; REGION-WIDE DECLINES; CORAL-REEF; COMMUNITIES;
RECRUITMENT; ABUNDANCE; ATLANTIC; ECOLOGY
AB Biotic resistance, the process by which new colonists are excluded from a community by predation from and/or competition with resident species, can prevent or limit species invasions. We examined whether biotic resistance by native predators on Caribbean coral reefs has influenced the invasion success of red lionfishes (Pterois volitans and Pterois miles), piscivores from the Indo-Pacific. Specifically, we surveyed the abundance (density and biomass) of lionfish and native predatory fishes that could interact with lionfish (either through predation or competition) on 71 reefs in three biogeographic regions of the Caribbean. We recorded protection status of the reefs, and abiotic variables including depth, habitat type, and wind/wave exposure at each site. We found no relationship between the density or biomass of lionfish and that of native predators. However, lionfish densities were significantly lower on windward sites, potentially because of habitat preferences, and in marine protected areas, most likely because of ongoing removal efforts by reserve managers. Our results suggest that interactions with native predators do not influence the colonization or post-establishment population density of invasive lionfish on Caribbean reefs.
C1 [Hackerott, Serena; Valdivia, Abel; Cox, Courtney E.; Bruno, John F.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
[Green, Stephanie J.; Cote, Isabelle M.] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
[Akins, Lad] REEF, Key Largo, FL USA.
[Layman, Craig A.] Florida Int Univ, Marine Sci Program, North Miami, FL USA.
[Precht, William F.] NOAA Florida Keys Natl Marine Sanctuary, Key Largo, FL USA.
RP Hackerott, S (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
EM snhackerott@gmail.com
FU National Science Foundation [OCE-0746164, OCE-0940019]; National
Geographic Society Committee for Research and Exploration [8514-08];
Natural Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada;
NSERC Canada Graduate Scholarship; Rufford Small Grants Foundation;
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
FX This work was funded in part by the National Science Foundation
(OCE-0746164 to CAL and OCE-0940019 to JFB), the National Geographic
Society Committee for Research and Exploration (grant 8514-08 to JFB), a
Discovery Grant from the Natural Science and Engineering Research
Council (NSERC) of Canada (to IMC), an NSERC Canada Graduate Scholarship
(to SJG), the Rufford Small Grants Foundation, and the University of
North Carolina at Chapel Hill. The funders had no role in study design,
data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the
manuscript.
NR 39
TC 40
Z9 42
U1 10
U2 137
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD JUL 11
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 7
AR e68259
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0068259
PG 10
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 188UA
UT WOS:000322218800020
PM 23874565
ER
PT J
AU Ralchenko, Y
Gillaspy, JD
AF Ralchenko, Yu.
Gillaspy, J. D.
TI Anisotropic LMN dielectronic resonances from ratios of magnetic-dipole
lines
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID RECOMBINATION RATE COEFFICIENTS; TUNGSTEN; BARIUM; SPECTROSCOPY;
EXCITATION; SHELL; IONS; EBIT
AB Signatures of multi-keV LMN dielectronic resonances in highly charged 3d(n) ions of tungsten were detected in the intensity ratios of extreme-ultraviolet magnetic-dipole lines within ground configurations. The measurements were performed with an electron beam ion trap at beam energies of about 6 keV. Large-scale collisional-radiative modeling incorporating magnetic sublevels of autoionizing levels showed the significance of anisotropy effects due to the monodirectional propagation of the electron beam. The observation method allows simultaneous resolved registration of dielectronic resonances from several ions.
C1 [Ralchenko, Yu.; Gillaspy, J. D.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Ralchenko, Y (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM yuri.ralchenko@nist.gov
RI Ralchenko, Yuri/E-9297-2016
OI Ralchenko, Yuri/0000-0003-0083-9554
FU Office of Fusion Energy Sciences of the US Department of Energy
FX This work is supported in part by the Office of Fusion Energy Sciences
of the US Department of Energy. We are grateful to J.J. Curry for
assistance during the experimental run and to D. Osin, A. Kramida, Y.
Podpaly, J. Reader, and J. N. Tan for valuable discussions.
NR 42
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD JUL 11
PY 2013
VL 88
IS 1
AR 012506
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.88.012506
PG 7
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 183QU
UT WOS:000321833000008
ER
PT J
AU Harris, AB
Yildirim, T
AF Harris, A. B.
Yildirim, T.
TI Spin dynamics of trimers on a distorted kagome lattice
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID WAVE INTERACTIONS; GROUND-STATE;
CU3CL6(H2O)(2)CENTER-DOT-2H(8)C(4)SO(2); ANTIFERROMAGNETS;
FERROMAGNETISM; SCATTERING; JAROSITE; CLUSTERS; CHAIN; IONS
AB We treat the ground state, elementary excitations, and neutron scattering cross section for a system of trimers consisting of three tightly bound spins 1/2 on a distorted kagome lattice, subject to isotropic nearest-neighbor (usually antiferromagnetic) Heisenberg interactions. The interactions between trimers are assumed to be weak compared to the intratrimer interactions. We compare the spin-wave excitation spectrum of trimers with that obtained from standard spin-wave theory and attribute the differences at low energy to the fact that the trimer formulation includes exactly the effects of intratrimer zero-point motion.
C1 [Harris, A. B.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Yildirim, T.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Yildirim, T.] Univ Penn, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
RP Harris, AB (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
RI yildirim, taner/A-1290-2009
FU department of commerce
FX A.B.H. was supported in part by a grant from the department of commerce.
NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 11
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD JUL 11
PY 2013
VL 88
IS 1
AR 014411
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.88.014411
PG 18
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 183RA
UT WOS:000321833600002
ER
PT J
AU Kilburn, D
Roh, JH
Behrouzi, R
Briber, RM
Woodson, SA
AF Kilburn, Duncan
Roh, Joon Ho
Behrouzi, Reza
Briber, Robert M.
Woodson, Sarah A.
TI Crowders Perturb the Entropy of RNA Energy Landscapes to Favor Folding
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLECULAR CROWDING CONDITIONS; GROUP-I RIBOZYME; TERTIARY INTERACTIONS;
EXCLUDED-VOLUME; UNFOLDED STATE; MG2+ BINDING; DNA DUPLEX; STABILITY;
COLLAPSE; PROTEIN
AB Biological macromolecules have evolved to fold and operate in the crowded environment of the cell. We have shown previously that molecular crowding stabilizes folded RNA structures. Here we report SAXS measurements on a 64 kDa bacterial group I ribozyme in the presence of mono- and divalent ions and PEG crowders of different molecular weight. These experiments show that crowders always stabilize the folded RNA, but this stabilization is weaker in NaCl solutions than MgCl2, solutions. Additionally, we find that RNAs with the same global structure, parametrized by R-g, have different scattering functions depending upon the ratio of electrostatic and entropic stabilization by ions and crowders, respectively. We quantify this difference using the scattering length per scattering volume and find that this ratio is larger for RNAs that fold in lower ionic strength solutions due to the higher crowder content. We conclude that lower RNA flexibility, or reduced configurational entropy, widens the free energy gap between the unfolded and folded RNA in crowded MgCl2 solutions.
C1 [Kilburn, Duncan; Roh, Joon Ho; Behrouzi, Reza; Woodson, Sarah A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, TC Jenkins Dept Biophys, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Roh, Joon Ho; Briber, Robert M.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Roh, Joon Ho] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, NIST Ctr Neutron Scattering Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Briber, RM (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM rbriber@jhu.edu; swoodson@jhu.edu
RI Behrouzi, Reza/M-6604-2013; ID, BioCAT/D-2459-2012; Briber,
Robert/A-3588-2012;
OI Behrouzi, Reza/0000-0003-3064-9743; Briber, Robert/0000-0002-8358-5942;
Woodson, Sarah/0000-0003-0170-1987
FU NIST; NIH [GM60819]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886, DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX The authors thank Rob Rambo for helpful discussion, and Krishnarjun
Sarkar (JHU), Liang Guo (APS ID18 BioCAT) and Lin Yang and Marc Allaire
(NSLS X9) for assistance with SAXS experiments. This work was supported
by NIST and a grant from the NIH (GM60819). Use of the National
Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, and the
Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by
the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, under Contracts Nos. DE-AC02-98CH10886 and DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 52
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 41
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0002-7863
J9 J AM CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD JUL 10
PY 2013
VL 135
IS 27
BP 10055
EP 10063
DI 10.1021/ja4030098
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 183JG
UT WOS:000321810400023
PM 23773075
ER
PT J
AU Harrison, GF
Kim, K
Collins, AG
AF Harrison, Genelle F.
Kim, Kiho
Collins, Allen G.
TI Low genetic diversity of the putatively introduced, brackish water
hydrozoan, Blackfordia virginica (Leptothecata: Blackfordiidae),
throughout the United States, with a new record for Lake Pontchartrain,
Louisiana
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
LA English
DT Article
DE founder effect; genetic variation; Hydrozoa; invasive species; medusa
ID CNIDARIA; ESTUARY; MITOCHONDRIAL; PHYLOGENY
AB Despite first being described from Virginia, the widely distributed brackish water hydrozoan Blackfordia virginica is often hypothesized to have been introduced from the Black Sea to the United States. However, the alternative view that B. virginica was introduced to the Black Sea also persists in the literature. This study investigates the population structure of B. virginica in the United States to assess the directionality and/or the number of introduction events. During 2009 and 2010, estuaries were sampled from Delaware to Louisiana for brackish water hydromedusae. Nineteen samples of Blackfordia virginica were collected from four localities, including a channel running between St. Catherines Island and Lake Pontchartrain, Louisiana, a region for which it had not been reported prior to this study. We PCR amplified and sequenced two mitochondrial markers (COI & 16S), and one nuclear marker (ITS 1). We compared data from individuals collected on the east coast of the United States with individuals collected in California. This revealed low diversity (two haplotypes with a maximal p-difference of 0.03% for COI and just a single haplotype for 16S) and no unique haplotypes at any locality. Low genetic variability, shared haplotypes in disparate localities, and a lack of unique haplotypes in any population are consistent with a founder effect, suggesting a single introduction and subsequent spread throughout the United States.
C1 [Harrison, Genelle F.] Smithsonian Inst, Museum Support Ctr, Dept Entomol, Suitland, MD 20746 USA.
[Kim, Kiho] American Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Washington, DC 20016 USA.
[Collins, Allen G.] NOAA, Natl Systemat Lab, Fisheries Serv, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Collins, Allen G.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Harrison, GF (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Museum Support Ctr, Dept Entomol, 4210 Silver Hill Rd, Suitland, MD 20746 USA.
EM HarrisonG@si.edu
OI Collins, Allen/0000-0002-3664-9691
FU Smithsonian Institution; National Systematics Lab of NOAA's Fisheries
Service; American University
FX We thank Dr. Mariah Meek for providing specimens of B. virginica from
California. We also thank Dr. David Carlini for his review of an earlier
version of this work. Funding for this project was provided by the
Smithsonian Institution, the National Systematics Lab of NOAA's
Fisheries Service, and American University.
NR 27
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 4
PU BIOL SOC WASHINGTON
PI WASHINGTON
PA NAT MUSEUM NAT HIST SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 0006-324X
EI 1943-6327
J9 P BIOL SOC WASH
JI Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash.
PD JUL 10
PY 2013
VL 126
IS 2
BP 91
EP 102
PG 12
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA 186NC
UT WOS:000322050300001
ER
PT J
AU de Sant'Anna, VB
Collette, BB
Godfrey, SJ
AF de Sant'Anna, Vivianne B.
Collette, Bruce B.
Godfrey, Stephen J.
TI Belone countermani, a new Miocene needlefish (Belonidae) from the St.
Marys Formation of Calvert Cliffs, Maryland
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
LA English
DT Article
DE Belone; Belonidae; Calvert Cliffs; Maryland; Miocene; needlefish; St.
Marys Formation
ID BELONIFORM FISHES; CHESAPEAKE GROUP; SYSTEMATICS; TELEOSTEI; REMAINS;
USA
AB Belone is distinguished from other genera of Belonidae mostly because of its complete cephalic sensory system, presence of gill rakers, vomerine teeth, and the pattern of its dentition. This eastern North Atlantic genus contains two extant species and at least three described fossil species from Lower Oligocene and Upper Miocene formations in Europe. dagger Belone countermani, sp. nov., a new species of needlefish from the Tortonian Upper Miocene St. Marys Formation of Calvert Cliffs (Maryland, U.S.A.), is described herein based on a well-preserved three-dimensional associated pair of upper and lower jaws. This rostrum represents the only record of this genus in the western North Atlantic Ocean. dagger Belone countermani is characterized by a unique dental pattern on the dentary. The dentary commissural region is filled with several rows of small accessory teeth (five to seven) that gradually decrease in number of rows; along the symphysial region there is one inner row of conical teeth and one external row of accessory teeth. Discovery of dagger Belone countermani indicates that extant Be lone species are a relict diversity of an old group that had a wider distribution that included the western North Atlantic.
C1 [de Sant'Anna, Vivianne B.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio Grande do Sul, Lab Vertebrate Systemat, BR-90619900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
[Collette, Bruce B.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv Systemat Lab, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Godfrey, Stephen J.] Calvert Marine Museum, Dept Paleontol, Solomons, MD 20688 USA.
[Godfrey, Stephen J.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Collette, BB (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv Systemat Lab, Natl Museum Nat Hist, POB 3701,MRC 0153, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM zapteryx@yahoo.com; collettb@si.edu; Godfresj@co.cal.md.us
FU CNPq; Board of Calvert County Commissioners; citizens of Calvert County,
Maryland; Clarissa and Lincoln Dryden Endowment for Paleontology at the
Calvert Marine Museum
FX This publication was made possible with funding from the CNPq
Post-doctoral fellowship (VBS), the Board of Calvert County
Commissioners, the citizens of Calvert County, Maryland, and the
Clarissa and Lincoln Dryden Endowment for Paleontology at the Calvert
Marine Museum. R. Hulbert (FLMNH) provided information on fossil
needlefish from Florida. For helping with the X-rays, we thank S.
Raredon (USNM). J. Tyler and E. Hilton reviewed the manuscript and
provided comments that improved it. We thank the following for making
comparative material available: R. Arrindell and B. Brown (AMNH), J.
Lundberg and M. Sabaj (ANSP), J. Maclaine and O. Crimmen (BMNH), J.
Demouthe, S. Mainsfield, and S. Willard (CAS), K. Swagel, M. Rogers, and
P. Willink (FMNH), V. Rheu and S. Macleod (LACM), S. Iglesias, G.
Clement, G, Duhamel, and C. Sagne (MNHN), M. Gasparik and J. Palfy
(NHMUS), P. Buckup and M. Britto (MNRJ), O. Oyakawa (MZUSP), S.
Kullander and B. Kajrup (NRM), A. Bannikov (PIN), H. Fernandez and E.
Holm (ROM), R. Robins (FLMNH), D. Nelson (UMMZ), R. Van, L. Parenti, J.
Finan, and J. Williams (USNM).
NR 58
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU BIOL SOC WASHINGTON
PI WASHINGTON
PA NAT MUSEUM NAT HIST SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 0006-324X
J9 P BIOL SOC WASH
JI Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash.
PD JUL 10
PY 2013
VL 126
IS 2
BP 137
EP 150
PG 14
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA 186NC
UT WOS:000322050300004
ER
PT J
AU Giacomazzo, B
Perna, R
AF Giacomazzo, Bruno
Perna, Rosalba
TI FORMATION OF STABLE MAGNETARS FROM BINARY NEUTRON STAR MERGERS
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE gamma-ray burst: general; gravitational waves; methods: numerical;
stars: neutron
ID GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; X-RAY; ENERGY INJECTION; AFTERGLOW; FLARES; EVOLUTION;
FIELDS; PULSAR
AB By performing fully general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations of binary neutron star mergers, we investigate the possibility that the end result of the merger is a stable magnetar. In particular, we show that, for a binary composed of two equal-mass neutron stars (NSs) of gravitational mass M similar to 1.2 M-circle dot and equation of state similar to Shen et al. at high densities, the merger product is a stable NS. Such NS is found to be differentially rotating and ultraspinning with spin parameter J/M-2 similar to 0.86, where J is its total angular momentum, and it is surrounded by a disk of approximate to 0.1 M-circle dot. While in our global simulations the magnetic field is amplified by about two orders of magnitude, local simulations have shown that hydrodynamic instabilities and the onset of the magnetorotational instability could further increase the magnetic field strength up to magnetar levels. This leads to the interesting possibility that, for some NS mergers, a stable and magnetized NS surrounded by an accretion disk could be formed. We discuss the impact of these new results for the emission of electromagnetic counterparts of gravitational wave signals and for the central engine of short gamma-ray bursts.
C1 [Giacomazzo, Bruno; Perna, Rosalba] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Giacomazzo, Bruno] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Perna, Rosalba] Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Giacomazzo, B (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RI Giacomazzo, Bruno/I-8088-2012
OI Giacomazzo, Bruno/0000-0002-6947-4023
FU NSF [AST 1009396, OCI-1053575]; NASA [NNX12AO67G]
FX We thank Brian Metzger, Christian Ott, Antonia Rowlinson, Luigi Stella,
Eleonora Troja, Bing Zhang and an anonymous referee for useful comments.
B. G. and R. P. acknowledge support from NSF grant No. AST 1009396 and
NASA grant No. NNX12AO67G. This work used XSEDE (allocation
TG-PHY110027) which is supported by NSF grant No. OCI-1053575.
NR 36
TC 51
Z9 52
U1 0
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 2041-8205
EI 2041-8213
J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT
JI Astrophys. J. Lett.
PD JUL 10
PY 2013
VL 771
IS 2
AR L26
DI 10.1088/2041-8205/771/2/L26
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 172WI
UT WOS:000321036000008
ER
PT J
AU Pechkis, HK
Wrubel, JP
Schwettmann, A
Griffin, PF
Barnett, R
Tiesinga, E
Lett, PD
AF Pechkis, H. K.
Wrubel, J. P.
Schwettmann, A.
Griffin, P. F.
Barnett, R.
Tiesinga, E.
Lett, P. D.
TI Spinor Dynamics in an Antiferromagnetic Spin-1 Thermal Bose Gas
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID POLARIZED ATOMIC-HYDROGEN; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; EINSTEIN CONDENSATE;
MIXING DYNAMICS; WAVES
AB We present experimental observations of coherent spin-population oscillations in a cold thermal, Bose gas of spin-1 Na-23 atoms. The population oscillations in a multi-spatial-mode thermal gas have the same behavior as those observed in a single-spatial-mode antiferromagnetic spinor Bose-Einstein condensate. We demonstrate this by showing that the two situations are described by the same dynamical equations, with a factor of 2 change in the spin-dependent interaction coefficient, which results from the change to particles with distinguishable momentum states in the thermal gas. We compare this theory to the measured spin population evolution after times up to a few hundreds of ms, finding quantitative agreement with the amplitude and period. We also measure the damping time of the oscillations as a function of magnetic field.
C1 [Pechkis, H. K.; Wrubel, J. P.; Schwettmann, A.; Griffin, P. F.; Tiesinga, E.; Lett, P. D.] NIST, Quantum Measurement Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Pechkis, H. K.; Wrubel, J. P.; Schwettmann, A.; Griffin, P. F.; Tiesinga, E.; Lett, P. D.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Pechkis, H. K.; Wrubel, J. P.; Schwettmann, A.; Griffin, P. F.; Tiesinga, E.; Lett, P. D.] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Wrubel, J. P.] Creighton Univ, Dept Phys, Omaha, NE 68178 USA.
[Griffin, P. F.] Univ Strathclyde, Dept Phys, Glasgow G4 0NG, Lanark, Scotland.
[Barnett, R.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Math, London SW7 2AZ, England.
[Barnett, R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Barnett, R.] Univ Maryland, Condensed Matter Theory Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Pechkis, HK (reprint author), NIST, Quantum Measurement Div, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RI Griffin, Paul/A-3663-2012;
OI Griffin, Paul/0000-0002-0134-7554; Barnett, Ryan/0000-0002-5122-2856
FU RSE/Scottish Government Marie Curie Personal Research Fellowship; ARO;
NRC Postdoctoral Research Associateship program; JQI
FX We thank Ryan Wilson for insights on the damping of spin coherences. P.
F. G. was supported by a RSE/Scottish Government Marie Curie Personal
Research Fellowship. E. T. acknowledges support from ARO. J. P. W.
acknowledges support from the NRC Postdoctoral Research Associateship
program. R. B. acknowledges support from the JQI.
NR 37
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JUL 9
PY 2013
VL 111
IS 2
AR 025301
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.025301
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 182OE
UT WOS:000321752400022
PM 23889412
ER
PT J
AU Zangmeister, RA
Morris, TA
Tarlov, MJ
AF Zangmeister, Rebecca A.
Morris, Todd A.
Tarlov, Michael J.
TI Characterization of Polydopamine Thin Films Deposited at Short Times by
Autoxidation of Dopamine
SO LANGMUIR
LA English
DT Article
ID MELANIN FILMS; EUMELANIN BUILDUP; SURFACE-CHEMISTRY; MASS-SPECTROMETRY;
5,6-DIHYDROXYINDOLE; OXIDATION; GROWTH; GOLD; ADSORPTION; TYROSINASE
AB Current interest in melanin films derived from the autoxidation of dopamine stems from their use as a universal adhesion layer. Here we report chemical and physical characterization of polydopamine films deposited on gold surfaces from stirred basic solutions at times ranging from 2 to 60 min, with a focus on times <= 10 min. Data from Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and electrochemical methods suggest the presence of starting (dopamine) and intermediate (C=N-containing tautomers of quinone and indole) species in the polydopamine films at all deposition times. A uniform overlayer analysis of the XPS data indicates that film thickness increased linearly at short deposition times of <= 10 min. At deposition times >= 10 min, the films appeared largely continuous with surface roughness approximate to <= 2 nm, as determined by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Pinhole-free films, as determined by anionic redox probe measurements, required deposition times of 60 min or greater.
C1 [Zangmeister, Rebecca A.; Morris, Todd A.; Tarlov, Michael J.] NIST, Biomol Measurement Div, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Zangmeister, RA (reprint author), NIST, Biomol Measurement Div, Mat Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM rebecca.zangmeister@nist.gov
RI Zangmeister, Rebecca/D-6641-2017
OI Zangmeister, Rebecca/0000-0002-0540-6240
FU NRC/NIST
FX T.A.M. acknowledges the NRC/NIST postdoctoral fellowship program for
support while this research was conducted. Certain commercial equipment,
instruments, or materials are identified in this document. Such
identification is not intended to imply recommendation or endorsement by
the National Institute of Standards and Technology, nor is it intended
to imply that the products identified are necessarily the best available
for the purpose.
NR 50
TC 133
Z9 134
U1 25
U2 209
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0743-7463
J9 LANGMUIR
JI Langmuir
PD JUL 9
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 27
BP 8619
EP 8628
DI 10.1021/la400587j
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 183DE
UT WOS:000321793400020
PM 23750451
ER
PT J
AU Budvytyte, R
Valincius, G
Niaura, G
Voiciuk, V
Mickevicius, M
Chapman, H
Goh, HZ
Shekhar, P
Heinrich, F
Shenoy, S
Losche, M
Vanderah, DJ
AF Budvytyte, Rima
Valincius, Gintaras
Niaura, Gediminas
Voiciuk, Vladislava
Mickevicius, Mindaugas
Chapman, Hilary
Goh, Haw-Zan
Shekhar, Prabhanshu
Heinrich, Frank
Shenoy, Siddharth
Loesche, Mathias
Vanderah, David J.
TI Structure and Properties of Tethered Bilayer Lipid Membranes with
Unsaturated Anchor Molecules
SO LANGMUIR
LA English
DT Article
ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; ALPHA-HEMOLYSIN; GOLD SURFACES; SUPPORTED
MEMBRANES; THIN-FILMS; X-RAY; SPECTROSCOPY; THIOLIPIDS; PROTEINS;
RECONSTITUTION
AB The Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of new lipidic anchor molecule HC18 [Z-20-(Z-octadec-9-enyloxy)-3,6,9,12,15,18,22-heptaoxatetracont-31-ene-1-thiol] and mixed HC18/beta-mercaptoethanol (beta ME) SAMs were studied by spectroscopic ellipsometry, contact angle measurements, reflection-absorption infrared spectroscopy, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and were evaluated in tethered bilayer lipid membranes (tBLMs). Our data indicate that HC18, containing a double bond in the alkyl segments, forms highly disordered SAMs up to anchor/beta ME molar fraction ratios of 80/20 and result in tBLMs that exhibit higher lipid diffusion coefficients relative to those of previous anchor compounds with saturated alkyl chains, as determined by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. EIS data shows HC18 tBLMs, completed by rapid solvent exchange or vesicle fusion, form more easily than with saturated lipidic anchors, exhibit excellent electrical insulating properties indicating low defect densities, and readily incorporate the pore-forming toxin, alpha-hemolysin. Neutron reflectivity measurements on HC18 tBLMS confirm the formation of complete tBLMs, even at low, tether compositions and high ionic lipid compositions. Our data indicate that HC18 results in tBLMs with improved physical properties for the incorporation of integral membrane proteins (IMPs) and that 80% HC18 tBLMs appear to be optimal for practical applications such as biosensors where high electrical insulation and IMP/peptide reconstitution are imperative.
C1 [Budvytyte, Rima; Valincius, Gintaras; Niaura, Gediminas; Voiciuk, Vladislava; Mickevicius, Mindaugas] Vilnius State Univ, Inst Biochem, LT-08662 Vilnius, Lithuania.
[Chapman, Hilary; Vanderah, David J.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Heinrich, Frank; Loesche, Mathias] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Chapman, Hilary] Hood Coll, Frederick, MD 21701 USA.
[Goh, Haw-Zan; Shekhar, Prabhanshu; Heinrich, Frank; Shenoy, Siddharth; Loesche, Mathias] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Loesche, Mathias] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Vanderah, David J.] Inst Biosci & Biotechnol Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.
RP Vanderah, DJ (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM vanderah@ibbr.umd.edu
RI Losche, Mathias/J-2986-2013; Heinrich, Frank/A-5339-2010; Budvytyte,
Rima/F-5115-2014
OI Losche, Mathias/0000-0001-6666-916X; Heinrich,
Frank/0000-0002-8579-553X; Budvytyte, Rima/0000-0002-5063-5878
FU National Institute of General Medical Sciences [1R01 GM101647]; Research
Council of Lithuania [MIP-096/2011]; Department of Commerce (MSE)
[70NANB8H8009]; summer undergraduate research fellowship (SURF) at NIST
FX This work was supported, in part, by the National Institute of General
Medical Sciences (1R01 GM101647) and the Research Council of Lithuania
(MIP-096/2011) and performed, in part, at the NIST Center for Nanoscale
Science and Technology. F.H. was supported by the Department of Commerce
(MSE grant 70NANB8H8009), and H.C. was supported by a summer
undergraduate research fellowship (SURF) in 2009 at NIST.
NR 57
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 2
U2 90
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0743-7463
J9 LANGMUIR
JI Langmuir
PD JUL 9
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 27
BP 8645
EP 8656
DI 10.1021/la401132c
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 183DE
UT WOS:000321793400023
PM 23745652
ER
PT J
AU Corson, JP
Wilson, RM
Bohn, JL
AF Corson, John P.
Wilson, Ryan M.
Bohn, John L.
TI Geometric stability spectra of dipolar Bose gases in tunable optical
lattices
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID LIQUID HELIUM; EINSTEIN CONDENSATION; INELASTIC SCATTERING; QUANTUM GAS;
NEUTRONS
AB We examine the stability of quasi-two-dimensional dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates in the presence of weak optical lattices of various geometries. We find that when the condensate possesses a roton-maxon quasiparticle dispersion, the conditions for stability exhibit a strong dependence both on the lattice geometry and the polarization tilt. This results in rich structures in the system's stability diagram akin to spectroscopic signatures. We show how these structures originate from the mode matching of rotons to the perturbing lattice. In the case of a one-dimensional lattice, some of the features emerge only when the polarization axis is tilted into the plane of the condensate. Our results suggest that the stability diagram may be used as a novel means to spectroscopically measure rotons in dipolar condensates.
C1 [Corson, John P.; Bohn, John L.] NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Corson, John P.; Bohn, John L.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Wilson, Ryan M.] NIST, JQI, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Wilson, Ryan M.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Corson, JP (reprint author), NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
FU US DoD through the NDSEG; NRC; NSF
FX We acknowledge helpful discussions with P. B. Blakie. J.P.C.
acknowledges support from the US DoD through the NDSEG fellowship
program. R.M.W. acknowledges support from an NRC postdoctoral
fellowship. J.L.B. acknowledges financial support from the NSF.
NR 45
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD JUL 9
PY 2013
VL 88
IS 1
AR 013614
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.88.013614
PG 8
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 182AT
UT WOS:000321713200005
ER
PT J
AU Akerman, NH
Butterfield, DA
Huber, JA
AF Akerman, Nancy H.
Butterfield, David A.
Huber, Julie A.
TI Phylogenetic diversity and functional gene patterns of sulfur-oxidizing
subseafloor Epsilonproteobacteria in diffuse hydrothermal vent fluids
SO FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE sulfur oxidation; hydrothermal vent microbiology; 16S rRNA; functional
genes; subseafloor; Epsilonproteobacteria
ID DE-FUCA RIDGE; SEA-FLOOR; MICROBIAL DIVERSITY; SP-NOV.;
EPSILON-PROTEOBACTERIA; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; MOLECULAR ANALYSIS;
LOGATCHEV FIELD; GENOME SEQUENCE; OKINAWA TROUGH
AB Microorganisms throughout the dark ocean use reduced sulfur compounds for chemolithoautotrophy. In many deep-sea hydrothermal vents, sulfide oxidation is quantitatively the most important chemical energy source for microbial metabolism both at and beneath the seafloor. In this study, the presence and activity of vent endemic Epsilonproteobacteria was examined in six low-temperature diffuse vents over a range of geochemical gradients from Axial Seamount, a deep-sea volcano in the Northeast Pacific. PCR primers were developed and applied to target the sulfur oxidation soxB gene of Epsilonproteobacteria. soxB genes belonging to the genera Sulfurimonas and Sulfurovum are both present and expressed at most diffuse vent sites, but not in background seawater. Although Sulfurovum-like sox8 genes were detected in all fluid samples, the RNA profiles were nearly identical among the vents and suggest that Sulfurirnonas-like species are the primary Epsilonproteobacteria responsible for actively oxidizing sulfur via the Sox pathway at each vent. Community patterns of subseafloor Epsdonproteobactena 16S rRNA genes were best matched to methane concentrations in vent fluids, as well as individual vent locations, indicating that both geochemistry and geographical isolation play a role in structuring subseafloor microbial populations. The data show that in the subseafloor at Axial Seamount, Epsilonproteobacteria are expressing the soxB gene and that microbial patterns in community distribution are linked to both vent location and chemistry.
C1 [Akerman, Nancy H.; Huber, Julie A.] Marine Biol Lab, Josephine Bay Paul Ctr Comparat Mol Biol & Evolut, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Butterfield, David A.] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Oceans, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Butterfield, David A.] NOAA Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA USA.
RP Huber, JA (reprint author), Marine Biol Lab, Josephine Bay Paul Ctr Comparat Mol Biol & Evolut, 7 MBL St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM jhuber@mbl.edu
RI Butterfield, David/H-3815-2016;
OI Butterfield, David/0000-0002-1595-9279; Huber, Julie/0000-0002-4790-7633
FU NASA Astrobiology Postdoctoral Program Fellowship; NSF Division of Ocean
Sciences [OCE-0929167, OCE-0731947, OCE-0926199]; Joint Institute for
the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) under NOAA [2073, 3984,
NA17RJ1232]
FX We hank the crews of the R/V Thomas G. Thompvon and ROV Jason for their
assistance with fieldwork, and Kevin K. Roe, Hoang-My Christensen,
Marvin Lilley, and Eric Olson for chemical analyses. This work was
supported by a NASA Astrobiology Postdoctoral Program Fellowship to
Nancy H. Akerman and grants from the NSF Division of Ocean Sciences to
Julie A. Huber (OCE-0929167) and David A. Butterfield (OCE-0731947 and
OCE-0926199), and by the Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere
and Ocean (JISAO contribution #2073, PMEL contribution #3984) under NOAA
Cooperative Agreement No. NA17RJ1232.
NR 68
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 3
U2 44
PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 110, EPFL INNOVATION PARK, BUILDING I, LAUSANNE, 1015,
SWITZERLAND
SN 1664-302X
J9 FRONT MICROBIOL
JI Front. Microbiol.
PD JUL 8
PY 2013
VL 4
AR 185
DI 10.3389/fmicb.2013.00185
PG 14
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA AA6ZF
UT WOS:000331246100002
PM 23847608
ER
PT J
AU Noordhoek, MJ
Krayzman, V
Chernatynskiy, A
Phillpot, SR
Levin, I
AF Noordhoek, M. J.
Krayzman, V.
Chernatynskiy, A.
Phillpot, S. R.
Levin, I.
TI Atomistic structure of (Ba,Sr)TiO3: Comparing molecular-dynamics
simulations with structural measurements
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID BATIO3
AB Atomistic structures of Ba1-xSrxTiO3 (x <= 0.5) determined by molecular-dynamics simulations are compared with five types of experimental structural data and with the results of multiple-technique Reverse Monte Carlo refinements. The simulations and experimental studies agree on many fundamental aspects of the local atomic displacements; in some cases, this agreement is quantitative, in others only semi-quantitative. Key local-structure characteristics of the solid solutions are identified along with a possible mechanism of dielectric relaxation. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Noordhoek, M. J.; Chernatynskiy, A.; Phillpot, S. R.] Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Noordhoek, M. J.; Krayzman, V.; Levin, I.] NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Krayzman, V.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Phillpot, SR (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM sphil@mse.ufl.edu; igor.levin@nist.gov
OI Phillpot, Simon/0000-0002-7774-6535; Chernatynskiy,
Aleksandr/0000-0001-7431-7201
FU Department of Energy Office of Basic Energy Sciences; DOE
[DE-AC25-06NA25396]; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]
FX The authors are grateful to N. L. Matsko for sharing the results of
their work prior to publication and to V. P. Sakhnenko for helpful
discussions. The work has benefited from the use of the (i) Lujan Center
at Los Alamos Neutron Science Center, funded by the Department of Energy
Office of Basic Energy Sciences. Los Alamos National Laboratory is
operated by Los Alamos National Security LLC under DOE Contract No.
DE-AC25-06NA25396 and (ii) National Synchrotron Light Source (NIST
beamline X23A2), Brookhaven National Laboratory, supported by the U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. The authors are grateful
to J. Siewenie (LANL) and J. Woicik (NIST) for their technical
assistance with the neutron scattering and X-ray absorption
measurements, respectively.
NR 26
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 31
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
EI 1077-3118
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JUL 8
PY 2013
VL 103
IS 2
AR 022909
DI 10.1063/1.4813273
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 182RH
UT WOS:000321761000065
ER
PT J
AU Ranzani, L
Spietz, L
Aumentado, J
AF Ranzani, Leonardo
Spietz, Lafe
Aumentado, Jose
TI Broadband calibrated scattering parameters characterization of a
superconducting quantum interference device amplifier
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SQUID AMPLIFIER
AB In this work, we characterize the 2-port scattering parameters of a superconducting quantum interference device amplifier at similar to 20 mK over several gigahertz of bandwidth. The measurement reference plane is positioned on a 6.25 Omega microstrip line situated directly at the input and output of the device by means of a thru-reflect-line cryogenic calibration procedure. From the scattering parameters, we derive the device available power gain, isolation, and input impedance over the 2-8 GHz range. This measurement methodology provides a path towards designing wide-band matching circuits for low impedance superconducting amplifiers operating at dilution refrigerator temperatures. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Ranzani, Leonardo; Spietz, Lafe; Aumentado, Jose] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Ranzani, Leonardo] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Ranzani, L (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM leonardo.ranzani@colorado.edu; jose.aumentado@nist.gov
RI Aumentado, Jose/C-2231-2009
OI Aumentado, Jose/0000-0001-5581-1466
NR 13
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JUL 8
PY 2013
VL 103
IS 2
AR 022601
DI 10.1063/1.4813549
PG 4
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 182RH
UT WOS:000321761000054
ER
PT J
AU Singh, R
Autry, TM
Nardin, G
Moody, G
Li, HB
Pierz, K
Bieler, M
Cundiff, ST
AF Singh, Rohan
Autry, Travis M.
Nardin, Gael
Moody, Galan
Li, Hebin
Pierz, Klaus
Bieler, Mark
Cundiff, Steven T.
TI Anisotropic homogeneous linewidth of the heavy-hole exciton in
(110)-oriented GaAs quantum wells
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID FOURIER-TRANSFORM SPECTROSCOPY; SEMICONDUCTOR NANOSTRUCTURES; SPIN
PHOTOCURRENTS; RELAXATION; EXCITATION; TRANSITIONS
AB The homogeneous and inhomogeneous linewidths of the heavy-hole exciton resonance in a (110)-oriented GaAs multiple-quantum-well sample are measured using optical two-dimensional Fourier transform spectroscopy. By probing the optical nonlinear response for polarization along the in-plane crystal axes [1 (1) over bar0] and [001], we measure different homogeneous linewidths for the two orthogonal directions. This difference is found to be due to anisotropic excitation-induced dephasing, caused by a crystal-axis-dependent absorption coefficient. The extrapolated zero-excitation density homogeneous linewidth exhibits an activation-like temperature dependence. We find that the homogeneous linewidth extrapolated to zero excitation density and temperature is similar to 34 mu eV, while the inhomogeneous linewidth is similar to 1.9 meV for both polarizations.
C1 [Singh, Rohan; Autry, Travis M.; Nardin, Gael; Moody, Galan; Li, Hebin; Cundiff, Steven T.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Singh, Rohan; Autry, Travis M.; Nardin, Gael; Moody, Galan; Li, Hebin; Cundiff, Steven T.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Singh, Rohan; Autry, Travis M.; Moody, Galan; Cundiff, Steven T.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Pierz, Klaus; Bieler, Mark] Phys Tech Bundesanstalt, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany.
RP Singh, R (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM cundiff@jila.colorado.edu
RI Li, Hebin/A-8711-2009; Nardin, Gael/F-3484-2011; Cundiff,
Steven/B-4974-2009; Moody, Galan/J-5811-2014;
OI Nardin, Gael/0000-0001-6642-0348; Cundiff, Steven/0000-0002-7119-5197;
Moody, Galan/0000-0001-7263-1483; Bieler, Mark/0000-0002-5706-5417
FU Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Energy Biosciences Division, Office
of Basic Energy Science, Office of Science, US Department of Energy
[DE-FG02-02ER15346]; Swiss National Science Foundation; Alexander von
Humboldt Foundation
FX We acknowledge discussions with Mackillo Kira. The work at JILA was
primarily supported by the Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Energy
Biosciences Division, Office of Basic Energy Science, Office of Science,
US Department of Energy, under Award No. DE-FG02-02ER15346, as well as
NIST. G.N. acknowledges support by the Swiss National Science
Foundation. S. T. C. acknowledges funding from the Alexander von
Humboldt Foundation.
NR 37
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 16
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD JUL 8
PY 2013
VL 88
IS 4
AR 045304
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.88.045304
PG 6
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 181LZ
UT WOS:000321670400008
ER
PT J
AU Papp, SB
Del'Haye, P
Diddams, SA
AF Papp, Scott B.
Del'Haye, Pascal
Diddams, Scott A.
TI Mechanical Control of a Microrod-Resonator Optical Frequency Comb
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW X
LA English
DT Article
ID GENERATION; MICRORESONATOR; CLOCKS; NOISE; CHIP
AB We report on the stabilization of a microresonator-based optical frequency comb (microcomb) by way of mechanical actuation. These experiments use novel CO2-laser-machined microrod resonators, which are introduced here and feature optical Q >= 5 x 10(8), less than 1 minute processing time, and tunable geometry. Residual fluctuations of our 32.6 GHz microcomb line spacing reach a stability level of 5 x 10(-15) for 1 s averaging, thereby highlighting the potential of microcombs to support modern optical-frequency standards. Furthermore, measurements of the line spacing with respect to an independent frequency reference reveal stabilization of different spectral slices of the comb with a <0.5-mHz variation among 140 comb lines spanning 4.5 THz. Together, these results demonstrate an important step in the development of microcombs, namely, that they can be fabricated and precisely controlled with simple and accessible techniques.
C1 [Papp, Scott B.; Del'Haye, Pascal; Diddams, Scott A.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Papp, SB (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM scott.papp@nist.gov
RI Diddams, Scott/L-2819-2013; Del'Haye, Pascal/G-2588-2016
OI Del'Haye, Pascal/0000-0002-6517-6942
FU DARPA QuASAR program; NASA; NIST; U.S. National Research Council
FX We thank Chris Oates, Kerry Vahala, and Gabe Ycas for their comments on
this manuscript. This work is supported by the DARPA QuASAR program,
NASA, and NIST. This paper is a contribution of NIST and is not subject
to copyright in the United States. Mention of specific trade names does
not constitute an endorsement. S. P. acknowledges support from the U.S.
National Research Council, and P. D. thanks the Humboldt Foundation for
support.
NR 35
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 0
U2 39
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2160-3308
J9 PHYS REV X
JI Phys. Rev. X
PD JUL 8
PY 2013
VL 3
IS 3
AR 031003
DI 10.1103/PhysRevX.3.031003
PG 7
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 182MI
UT WOS:000321746600002
ER
PT J
AU Bertrand, CE
Chiang, WS
Tyagi, M
Chen, SH
AF Bertrand, C. E.
Chiang, W. -S.
Tyagi, M.
Chen, S. -H.
TI Low-temperature water dynamics in an aqueous methanol solution
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; STRONG LIQUID TRANSITION; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION;
WATER/METHANOL MIXTURES; CONFINED WATER; NEUTRON; SEGREGATION;
CROSSOVER; ETHANOL; MODEL
AB An aqueous methanol solution (x(MeOH) = 0.30) has been studied by quasielastic neutron scattering. The single-particle water dynamics were effectively isolated by employing deuterated methanol. A smooth dynamic transition to a sub-Arrhenius temperature dependence has been observed in the relaxation times. We associate this behavior with the formation of small crystallites in the system. These findings are compared with molecular dynamics simulations and previous nuclear magnetic resonance measurements. We discuss possible dynamic signatures of structuring in the mixture. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Bertrand, C. E.; Chiang, W. -S.; Chen, S. -H.] MIT, Dept Nucl Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Tyagi, M.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Tyagi, M.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Chen, SH (reprint author), MIT, Dept Nucl Sci & Engn, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM sowhsin@mit.edu
RI Tyagi, Madhu Sudan/M-4693-2014
OI Tyagi, Madhu Sudan/0000-0002-4364-7176
FU Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U. S. Department of Energy (DOE)
[DE-FG02-90ER45429]; National Science Foundation (NSF) [DMR-0944772]
FX Research at MIT was supported by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.
S. Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract No. DE-FG02-90ER45429. This
work utilized facilities supported in part by the National Science
Foundation (NSF) under Agreement No. DMR-0944772. The identification of
commercial products does not imply endorsement by the National Institute
of Standards and Technology nor does it imply that these are the best
for the purpose.
NR 42
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 27
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD JUL 7
PY 2013
VL 139
IS 1
AR 014505
DI 10.1063/1.4812286
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 182BV
UT WOS:000321716400028
PM 23822312
ER
PT J
AU Orkin, VL
Khamaganov, VG
Kasimovskaya, EE
Guschin, AG
AF Orkin, V. L.
Khamaganov, V. G.
Kasimovskaya, E. E.
Guschin, A. G.
TI Photochemical Properties of Some Cl-Containing Halogenated Alkanes
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
LA English
DT Article
ID ULTRAVIOLET-ABSORPTION-SPECTRA; RATE CONSTANTS; SUBSTITUTED METHANES;
HYDROXYL RADICALS; TEMPERATURE-RANGE; OH; KINETICS; CH3CL; HALOALKANES;
HALOCARBONS
AB Rate constants for the gas-phase reactions of OH radicals with three partially halogenated alkanes, CH3Cl (k(MC)), CHFClCFCl2 (k(122a)), and CH2FCFCl2 (k(132c)), were measured using a discharge flow-electron paramagnetic resonance technique over the temperature range from 298 to 460 K. The temperature dependences of the rate constants can be represented by the expressions k(MC)(298-460 K) = (3.09 +/- 0.94) x 10(-12) exp[-(1411 +/- 85)/T] cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1), k(122a)(298-460 K) = (1.26 +/- 0.24) x 10(-12) exp[-(1298 +/- 66)/T] cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1), and k(132c)(298-370 K) = (8.1 +/- 2.2) x 10(-13) exp[-(1247 +/- 89)/T] cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1). The atmospheric lifetimes of CH3Cl, CHFClCFCl2, and CH2FCFCl2 due to their reaction with OH were estimated to be 1.6, 3.5, and 4.5 years, respectively. The UV absorption cross sections of halogenated ethanes, CHFClCFCl2, and CH2FCFCl2, were measured at T = 295 K between 190 and 240 nm, as were those for CHCl2CF2Cl (HCFC-122), CHCl2CF3 (HCFC-123), CHFClCF2Cl (HCFC-123a), and CH3CFCl2 (HCFC-141b). The atmospheric lifetimes due to stratospheric photolysis were also estimated.
C1 [Orkin, V. L.; Khamaganov, V. G.; Kasimovskaya, E. E.; Guschin, A. G.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Energy Problems Chem Phys, Moscow 117829, Russia.
[Orkin, V. L.; Khamaganov, V. G.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Orkin, VL (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst Energy Problems Chem Phys, Moscow 117829, Russia.
EM vladimir.orkin@nist.gov
FU Russian Basic Research Foundation [93-03-112358]; Upper Atmosphere
Research Program of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration;
Special Foundation of Russian Academy of Sciences [1993 A3.03]; NATO CLG
Program [ESP.EAP.CLG.983035, EST.CLG979421]
FX This work was supported by the Russian Basic Research Foundation, Grant
93-03-112358, and the Upper Atmosphere Research Program of the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration. V.G.H. acknowledges the support of
Special Foundation of Russian Academy of Sciences, Research Grant, 1993
A3.03. V.L.O. acknowledges the support of NATO CLG Program, Grants
ESP.EAP.CLG.983035 and EST.CLG979421.
NR 26
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 12
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1089-5639
J9 J PHYS CHEM A
JI J. Phys. Chem. A
PD JUL 4
PY 2013
VL 117
IS 26
BP 5483
EP 5490
DI 10.1021/jp400408y
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 179SV
UT WOS:000321542500011
PM 23725515
ER
PT J
AU Baird, TA
Dickson, KA
Wegner, NC
AF Baird, Troy A.
Dickson, Kathryn A.
Wegner, Nicholas C.
TI Jeffrey Brent Graham OBITUARY
SO COPEIA
LA English
DT Biographical-Item
C1 [Baird, Troy A.] Univ Cent Oklahoma, Dept Biol, Edmond, OK 73034 USA.
[Dickson, Kathryn A.] Calif State Univ Fullerton, Dept Biol Sci, Fullerton, CA 92834 USA.
[Wegner, Nicholas C.] NOAA Fisheries, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Baird, TA (reprint author), Univ Cent Oklahoma, Dept Biol, 100 N Univ Dr, Edmond, OK 73034 USA.
EM tbaird@uco.edu; kdickson@exchange.fullerton.edu; nick.wegner@noaa.gov
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC ICHTHYOLOGISTS & HERPETOLOGISTS
PI MIAMI
PA MAUREEN DONNELLY, SECRETARY FLORIDA INT UNIV BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, 11200
SW 8TH STREET, MIAMI, FL 33199 USA
SN 0045-8511
EI 1938-5110
J9 COPEIA
JI Copeia
PD JUL 3
PY 2013
IS 2
BP 346
EP 350
DI 10.1643/0T-12-169
PG 5
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA AG2WL
UT WOS:000335277700021
ER
PT J
AU Kite-Powell, HL
Rubino, MC
Morehead, B
AF Kite-Powell, Hauke L.
Rubino, Michael C.
Morehead, Bruce
TI THE FUTURE OF US SEAFOOD SUPPLY
SO AQUACULTURE ECONOMICS & MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE aquaculture; aquaculture economics; aquaculture policy; seafood supply
ID OPEN-OCEAN AQUACULTURE; HUMAN HEALTH; FISH; SALMON; RESOURCES;
FISHERIES; RISKS; FOOD
AB The United States today imports most of the seafood it consumes. Half of these imports are from aquaculture. Domestic wild capture production is limited and U.S. aquaculture production has declined in recent years. Policy, socioeconomic, and regulatory obstacles stand in the way of expanded U.S. aquaculture production. In this article, we examine the implications of two future paths for seafood supply: an increasing reliance on imports, and a shift toward increased domestic aquaculture production. We examine global trends, likely future developments in U.S. seafood demand and supply, and implications of the path of U.S. aquaculture development for U.S. seafood supply and prices, employment, ecological footprint, and seafood supply security and safety. We conclude with recommendations for a path forward that serves the interests of the nation and the global community in the search for economically sound and sustainable ways to feed a growing population.
C1 [Kite-Powell, Hauke L.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Marine Policy Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Rubino, Michael C.; Morehead, Bruce] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Kite-Powell, HL (reprint author), Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Marine Policy Ctr, MS 41, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM hauke@whoi.edu
FU Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Morss Colloquium Program; NOAA's
Office of Aquaculture entitled "Economic Implications and the Role of
U.S. Aquaculture in the Future U.S. Seafood Supply''
FX The content of this article is based in part on a symposium co-sponsored
by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Morss Colloquium Program and
NOAA's Office of Aquaculture entitled "Economic Implications and the
Role of U.S. Aquaculture in the Future U.S. Seafood Supply,'' May 24-25,
2011. We thank all of the participants for their contributions. We also
acknowledge the helpful suggestions of two anonymous reviewers. The
views expressed in the article are those of the authors and not
necessarily those of the institutions they represent.
NR 72
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 3
U2 53
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1365-7305
EI 1551-8663
J9 AQUACULT ECON MANAG
JI Aquac. Econ. Manag.
PD JUL 3
PY 2013
VL 17
IS 3
SI SI
BP 228
EP 250
DI 10.1080/13657305.2013.812691
PG 23
WC Economics; Fisheries
SC Business & Economics; Fisheries
GA 202DR
UT WOS:000323194200003
ER
PT J
AU Bergstrom, R
Wuttig, M
Cullen, J
Zavalij, P
Briber, R
Dennis, C
Garlea, VO
Laver, M
AF Bergstrom, Richard, Jr.
Wuttig, Manfred
Cullen, James
Zavalij, Peter
Briber, Robert
Dennis, Cindi
Garlea, V. Ovidiu
Laver, Mark
TI Morphotropic Phase Boundaries in Ferromagnets: Tb1-xDyxFe2 Alloys
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID MAGNETIC-ANISOTROPY; POWDER DIFFRACTION; LAVES COMPOUNDS;
MAGNETOSTRICTION
AB The structure and properties of the ferromagnet Tb1-xDyxFe2 are explored through the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) separating ferroic phases of differing symmetry. Our synchrotron data support a first order structural transition, with a broadening MPB width at higher temperatures. The optimal point for magnetomechanical applications is not centered on the MPB but lies on the rhombohedral side, where the high striction of the rhombohedral majority phase combines with the softened anisotropy of the MPB. We compare our findings with single ion crystal field theory and with ferroelectric MPBs, where the controlling energies are different.
C1 [Bergstrom, Richard, Jr.; Wuttig, Manfred; Cullen, James; Briber, Robert; Laver, Mark] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Zavalij, Peter] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Dennis, Cindi] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Garlea, V. Ovidiu] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Quantum Condensed Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37881 USA.
[Laver, Mark] Paul Scherrer Inst, Neutron Scattering Lab, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
[Laver, Mark] Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Phys, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark.
[Laver, Mark] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
RP Bergstrom, R (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RI Zavalij, Peter/H-3817-2012; Briber, Robert/A-3588-2012; Garlea,
Vasile/A-4994-2016
OI Zavalij, Peter/0000-0001-5762-3469; Briber, Robert/0000-0002-8358-5942;
Garlea, Vasile/0000-0002-5322-7271
FU DanScatt; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic
Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Scientific User Facilities
Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy;
NSF [DMR D 1206397]; DOE [DESC0005448]
FX The authors would like to thank Denis Sheptyakov and Lukas Keller for
assistance in obtaining preliminary diffraction patterns at the Swiss
Spallation Neutron Source SINQ. M. L. acknowledges support from
DanScatt. Use of the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National
Laboratory was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No.
DE-AC02-06CH11357. A portion of this research at ORNL's Spallation
Neutron Source was sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. This work
was sponsored by NSF under Grant No. DMR D 1206397 and benefited from
DOE Grant No. DESC0005448.
NR 33
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 4
U2 48
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JUL 3
PY 2013
VL 111
IS 1
AR 017203
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.017203
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 176BP
UT WOS:000321278300017
PM 23863024
ER
PT J
AU LeBlanc, LJ
Beeler, MC
Jimenez-Garcia, K
Perry, AR
Sugawa, S
Williams, RA
Spielman, IB
AF LeBlanc, L. J.
Beeler, M. C.
Jimenez-Garcia, K.
Perry, A. R.
Sugawa, S.
Williams, R. A.
Spielman, I. B.
TI Direct observation of zitterbewegung in a Bose-Einstein condensate
SO NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
AB Zitterbewegung, a force-free trembling motion first predicted for relativistic fermions like electrons, was an unexpected consequence of the Dirac equation's unification of quantum mechanics and special relativity. Though the oscillatory motion's large frequency and small amplitude have precluded its measurement with electrons, zitterbewegung is observable via quantum simulation. We engineered an environment for Rb-87 Bose-Einstein condensates where the constituent atoms behaved like relativistic particles subject to the one-dimensional Dirac equation. With direct imaging, we observed the sub-micrometre trembling motion of these clouds, demonstrating the utility of neutral ultracold quantum gases for simulating Dirac particles.
C1 [LeBlanc, L. J.; Beeler, M. C.; Jimenez-Garcia, K.; Perry, A. R.; Sugawa, S.; Williams, R. A.; Spielman, I. B.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[LeBlanc, L. J.; Beeler, M. C.; Jimenez-Garcia, K.; Perry, A. R.; Sugawa, S.; Williams, R. A.; Spielman, I. B.] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Jimenez-Garcia, K.] Inst Politecn Nacl, Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados, Dept Fis, Mexico City, DF 07360, Mexico.
[Williams, R. A.] Natl Phys Lab, Teddington, Middx TW11 0LW, England.
RP LeBlanc, LJ (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada.
EM lindsay.leblanc@ualberta.ca; ian.spielman@nist.gov
OI Williams, Ross/0000-0001-9347-0922
FU Office of Naval Research; Army Research Office; Defense Advanced
Research Projects Agency Optical Lattice Emulator program; Atomtronics
Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative; NSF through the
Physics Frontier Center at JQI
FX We thank V Galitski, G Juzeliunas and R F O'Connell for useful
conversations. This work was partially supported by the Office of Naval
Research; by the Army Research Office with funds both from the Defense
Advanced Research Projects Agency Optical Lattice Emulator program and
the Atomtronics Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative; and by
the NSF through the Physics Frontier Center at JQI. LJL acknowledges the
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, KJ-G
acknowledges CONACYT (Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia), and MCB
acknowledges NIST-American Recovery and Reinvestment Act.
NR 37
TC 47
Z9 48
U1 1
U2 28
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1367-2630
J9 NEW J PHYS
JI New J. Phys.
PD JUL 3
PY 2013
VL 15
AR UNSP 073011
DI 10.1088/1367-2630/15/7/073011
PG 11
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 176GY
UT WOS:000321293200001
ER
PT J
AU Castaneda, CA
Kashyap, TR
Nakasone, MA
Krueger, S
Fushman, D
AF Castaneda, Carlos A.
Kashyap, Tanuja R.
Nakasone, Mark A.
Krueger, Susan
Fushman, David
TI Unique Structural, Dynamical, and Functional Properties of K11-Linked
Polyubiquitin Chains
SO STRUCTURE
LA English
DT Article
ID UBIQUITIN-ASSOCIATED DOMAINS; ROTATIONAL DIFFUSION TENSOR; RESIDUAL
DIPOLAR COUPLINGS; INTERDOMAIN ORIENTATION; RELAXATION DATA; NMR
RELAXATION; UBA DOMAIN; MACROMOLECULES; RECOGNITION; AFFINITY
AB K11-linked polyubiquitin chains play important signaling and regulatory roles in both degradative and nonproteolytic pathways in eukaryotes. To understand the structural basis of how these chains are recognized and distinguished from other polyubiquitins, we determined solution structures of K11-linked diubiquitin (K11-Ub(2)) in the absence and presence of salt. These structures reveal that K11-Ub(2) adopts conformations distinct from those of K48-linked or K63-linked chains. Importantly, our solution NMR and SANS data are inconsistent with published crystal structures of K11-Ub(2). We found that increasing salt concentration compacts K11-Ub(2) and strengthens interactions between the two Ub units. Binding studies indicate that K11-Ub(2) interacts with ubiquitin-receptor proteins from both proteasomal and nonproteasomal pathways but with intermediate affinity and different binding modes than either K48-linked or K63-linked diubiquitin. Our data support the hypothesis that polyubiquitin chains of different linkages possess unique conformational and dynamical properties, allowing them to be recognized differently by downstream receptor proteins.
C1 [Castaneda, Carlos A.; Kashyap, Tanuja R.; Nakasone, Mark A.; Fushman, David] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, Ctr Biomol Struct & Org, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Krueger, Susan] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Fushman, D (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, Ctr Biomol Struct & Org, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM fushman@umd.edu
OI Nakasone, Mark A./0000-0002-1362-191X
FU NSF [DMR-0944772]; NIH [GM065334, GM095755]
FX We thank M. Rape for providing us with Ube2S plasmid, R.E. Cohen for
Rap80 tUIM plasmid, M.H. Glickman for Ubp6 plasmid, and A. Storaska for
collecting preliminary data on Rap80 binding to K48-Ub2 and
K63-Ub2. This work was funded by an NSF postdoctoral award to
C.A.C. and NIH grants GM065334 and GM095755 to D.F. and utilized
facilities supported in part by the NSF under Agreement No. DMR-0944772.
NR 32
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 16
PU CELL PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA
SN 0969-2126
J9 STRUCTURE
JI Structure
PD JUL 2
PY 2013
VL 21
IS 7
BP 1168
EP 1181
DI 10.1016/j.str.2013.04.029
PG 14
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology
GA 181PS
UT WOS:000321681600014
PM 23823328
ER
PT J
AU Long, GG
Chapman, KW
Chupas, PJ
Bendersky, LA
Levine, LE
Mompiou, F
Stalick, JK
Cahn, JW
AF Long, Gabrielle G.
Chapman, Karena W.
Chupas, Peter J.
Bendersky, Leonid A.
Levine, Lyle E.
Mompiou, Frederic
Stalick, Judith K.
Cahn, John W.
TI Highly Ordered Noncrystalline Metallic Phase
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID REFINEMENT
AB We report the characterization of a unique metallic glass that, during rapid cooling of an Al-Fe-Si melt, forms by nucleation, followed by growth normal to a moving interface between the solid and melt with partitioning of the chemical elements. We determine experimentally that this is not a polycrystalline composite with nanometer-sized grains, and conclude that this may be a new kind of structure: an atomically ordered, isotropic, noncrystalline solid, possessing no long-range translational symmetry.
C1 [Long, Gabrielle G.; Chapman, Karena W.; Chupas, Peter J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Long, Gabrielle G.; Bendersky, Leonid A.; Levine, Lyle E.; Mompiou, Frederic; Cahn, John W.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Mompiou, Frederic] CNRS, Ctr Elaborat Mat & Etudes Struct, F-31055 Toulouse, France.
[Stalick, Judith K.] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Cahn, John W.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys & Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Long, GG (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Xray Sci Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM gglong@aps.anl.gov
FU U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX The authors thank Frank Biancaniello for alloy preparation, Alexander
Shapiro for assisting with the SEM measurements, Maureen Williams for
x-ray characterization and Kil-Won Moon for isothermal calorimetry. We
thank Marjorie Senechal for useful discussions. The x-ray studies were
conducted on beam lines 1-ID and 11-ID at the APS. The APS is an Office
of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of Energy
(DOE) Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, and was
supported by the U.S. DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 14
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JUL 2
PY 2013
VL 111
IS 1
AR 015502
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.015502
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 175DD
UT WOS:000321209200010
PM 23863012
ER
PT J
AU Nosal, AP
Cartamil, DC
Long, JW
Luhrmann, M
Wegner, NC
Graham, JB
AF Nosal, A.P.
Cartami, D.C.
Long, J.W.
Luhrmann, M.
Wegner, N.C.
Graham, J.B.
TI Demography and movement patterns of leopard sharks (Triakis
semifasciata) aggregating near the head of a submarine canyon along the
open coast of southern California, USA (vol 96, pg 865-878, 2013)
SO ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Nosal, A.P.; Cartami, D.C.; Graham, J.B.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Marine Divers & Concervat, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Long, J.W.] US Geol Survey, St Petersburg Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Luhrmann, M.] Univ Rostock, Inst Biol Sci, D-18059 Rostock, Germany.
[Wegner, N.C.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci, Fisheries Resource Div, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Nosal, AP (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Marine Divers & Concervat, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM anosal@ucsd.edu
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0378-1909
EI 1573-5133
J9 ENVIRON BIOL FISH
JI Environ. Biol. Fishes
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 96
IS 7
BP 879
EP 879
DI 10.1007/s10641-013-0128-4
PG 1
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 153OK
UT WOS:000319611600010
ER
PT J
AU Werner, K
Averyt, K
Owen, G
AF Werner, Kevin
Averyt, Kristen
Owen, Gigi
TI River Forecast Application for Water Management: Oil and Water?
SO WEATHER CLIMATE AND SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID CLIMATE FORECASTS; ENSEMBLES; DECISION; SCIENCE; SYSTEM
AB Managing water resources generally and managing reservoir operations specifically have been touted as opportunities for applying forecasts to improve decision making. Previous studies have shown that the application of forecasts into water management is not pervasive. This study uses a scenario-based approach to explore whether and how people implement forecast information into reservoir operations decisions in a workshop setting. Although it was found that participants do utilize both forecast and observed information, they generally do not utilize probabilistic forecast information in a manner to appropriately minimize risks associated with the tail end of the forecast distribution. This study found strong tendencies for participants to wait for observed information, as opposed to forecast information, before making decisions. In addition, study participants tended to make decisions based on median forecast values instead of considering forecast probability. These findings support the development of quantitative decision support systems to optimally utilize probabilistic forecasts as well as for forecast agencies such as NOAA/NWS to continue investments in work to better understand contexts and environments where forecasts are used or have the potential for use in supporting water management decisions.
C1 [Werner, Kevin] NOAA, Colorado Basin River Forecast Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT 84116 USA.
[Averyt, Kristen] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci & Western Water As, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Owen, Gigi] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA.
RP Werner, K (reprint author), NOAA, Colorado Basin River Forecast Ctr, 2242 West North Temple, Salt Lake City, UT 84116 USA.
EM kevin.werner@noaa.gov
NR 22
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1948-8327
EI 1948-8335
J9 WEATHER CLIM SOC
JI Weather Clim. Soc.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 5
IS 3
BP 244
EP 253
DI 10.1175/WCAS-D-12-00044.1
PG 10
WC Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 301MO
UT WOS:000330536600006
ER
PT J
AU Kirstetter, PE
Andrieu, H
Boudevillain, B
Delrieu, G
AF Kirstetter, Pierre-Emmanuel
Andrieu, Herve
Boudevillain, Brice
Delrieu, Guy
TI A Physically Based Identification of Vertical Profiles of Reflectivity
from Volume Scan Radar Data
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PARTICLE-SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; MELTING-LAYER; RAINFALL ESTIMATION; BRIGHT
BAND; OPERATIONAL RADAR; RAINDROP SPECTRA; INVERSE METHOD; ICE
PARTICLES; WATER-CONTENT; PRECIPITATION
AB The vertical profile of reflectivity (VPR) must be identified to correct estimations of rainfall rates by radar for the nonuniform beam filling associated with the vertical variation of radar reflectivity. A method for identifying VPRs from volumetric radar data is presented that takes into account the radar sampling. Physically based constraints on the vertical structure of rainfall are introduced with simple VPR models within a rainfall classification procedure defining more homogeneous precipitation patterns. The model parameters are identified in the framework of an extended Kalman filter to ensure their temporal consistency. The method is assessed using the dataset from a volume-scanning strategy for radar quantitative precipitation estimation designed in 2002 for the Bollene radar (France). The physical consistency of the retrieved VPR is evaluated. Positive results are obtained insofar as the physically based identified VPR (i) presents physically consistent shapes and characteristics considering beam effects, (ii) shows improved robustness in the difficult radar measurement context of the Cevennes-Vivarais region, and (iii) provides consistent physical insight into the rain field.
C1 [Kirstetter, Pierre-Emmanuel] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Civil Engn & Environm Sci, NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Kirstetter, Pierre-Emmanuel] Natl Weather Ctr, Adv Radar Res Ctr, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Andrieu, Herve] Univ Nantes Angers Le Mans, IFSTTAR, Dept GER, Bouguenais, France.
[Andrieu, Herve] Univ Nantes Angers Le Mans, IRSTV FR CNRS 2488, Bouguenais, France.
[Boudevillain, Brice; Delrieu, Guy] UJF Grenoble 1, Lab Etude Transferts Hydrol & Environm, CNRS, G INP,IRD,UMR 5564, Grenoble, France.
RP Kirstetter, PE (reprint author), Natl Weather Ctr, 120 David L Boren Blvd,Rm 4706, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM pierre.kirstetter@noaa.gov
RI Kirstetter, Pierre/E-2305-2013
OI Kirstetter, Pierre/0000-0002-7381-0229
FU FP6 HYDRATE STREP of the European Community [GOCE 037024]; Centre
National d'Etudes Spatiales; NASA Global Precipitation Measurement
mission Ground Validation Management
FX This work was funded by the FP6 HYDRATE STREP (GOCE 037024) of the
European Community, a postdoctoral grant from the Centre National
d'Etudes Spatiales, and a postdoctoral grant from the NASA Global
Precipitation Measurement mission Ground Validation Management. The
study documented in this paper began when the first author was a
doctoral student at the Laboratoire d'etude des Transferts en Hydrologie
et Environnement, Grenoble, France. The first author thanks Nicolas
Viltard and Yvon Lemaitre for their fruitful comments on the mesoscale
convective systems dynamics.
NR 57
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1558-8424
EI 1558-8432
J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM
JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 52
IS 7
BP 1645
EP 1663
DI 10.1175/JAMC-D-12-0228.1
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 300HH
UT WOS:000330454500010
ER
PT J
AU Fitch, AC
Lundquist, JK
Olson, JB
AF Fitch, Anna C.
Lundquist, Julie K.
Olson, Joseph B.
TI Mesoscale Influences of Wind Farms throughout a Diurnal Cycle
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID BOUNDARY-LAYER; TURBINE WAKES; IMPACTS; CLIMATE; ENERGY; POWER; MODEL
AB Large wind farms are expected to influence local and regional atmospheric circulations. Using a mesoscale parameterization of the effects of wind farms that includes a momentum sink and a wind speed-dependent source of turbulent kinetic energy, simulations were carried out to quantify the impact of a wind farm on an atmospheric boundary layer throughout a diurnal cycle. The presence of a wind farm covering 10 km x 10 km is found to have a significant impact on the local atmospheric flow and on regions up to 60 km downwind at night. Daytime convective conditions show little impact of the wind farm on wind speeds, as the momentum deficits generated by the wind farm rapidly mix through the depth of the boundary layer. At night, the stable layer within the rotor area inhibits turbulent mixing of the momentum deficit, leading to a shallower wake and a greater reduction in the wind speed within the wake. Although a low-level jet forms at altitudes within the rotor area in the hours before dawn, it is completely eliminated within the wind farm. At night, a maximum warming of 1 K is seen at the bottom of the rotor area. Near the surface, there is less warming (0.5 K). Downwind, the surface temperature perturbation is small, with a cooling of up to 0.3 K. Over the simulation period, the mean temperature change over the wind farm area at 2 m is a very slight warming (0.2 K). Mean temperature changes downwind are negligible. Other influences on turbulent kinetic energy, surface heat fluxes, and boundary layer height, are discussed.
C1 [Fitch, Anna C.] Univ Bergen, Inst Geophys, Bergen, Norway.
[Fitch, Anna C.] Uni Res, Bergen, Norway.
[Fitch, Anna C.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Mesoscale & Microscale Meteorol Div, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Lundquist, Julie K.] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Lundquist, Julie K.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA.
[Olson, Joseph B.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Olson, Joseph B.] Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Fitch, AC (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
EM fitch@ucar.edu
RI Olson, Joseph/N-3726-2014;
OI Olson, Joseph/0000-0003-3612-0808; LUNDQUIST, JULIE/0000-0001-5490-2702
FU NORCOWE; NREL LDRD [06501101]
FX We wish to thank REpower for providing the thrust and power coefficients
for the 5M turbine. We express our appreciation for research funding
from a variety of sources. Funding for ACF is from NORCOWE, and support
for JKL is from NREL LDRD 06501101. We thank Jimy Dudhia for useful
discussions. All the simulations were performed on the NREL/Sandia Red
Mesa high-performance computing system. NREL is a national laboratory of
the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable
Energy, operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC.
NR 34
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 2
U2 27
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
EI 1520-0493
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 141
IS 7
BP 2173
EP 2198
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-12-00185.1
PG 26
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 301ET
UT WOS:000330516300003
ER
PT J
AU Calhoun, KM
MacGorman, DR
Ziegler, CL
Biggerstaff, MI
AF Calhoun, Kristin M.
MacGorman, Donald R.
Ziegler, Conrad L.
Biggerstaff, Michael I.
TI Evolution of Lightning Activity and Storm Charge Relative to
Dual-Doppler Analysis of a High-Precipitation Supercell Storm
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID POLARITY ELECTRICAL STRUCTURES; TORNADIC STORM; THUNDERSTORM
ELECTRIFICATION; MULTICELL STORM; RADAR OBSERVATIONS; SINGLE-DOPPLER;
UNITED-STATES; SPACE-CHARGE; STEPS; SYSTEM
AB A high-precipitation tornadic supercell storm was observed on 29-30 May 2004 during the Thunderstorm Electrification and Lightning Experiment. Observational systems included the Oklahoma Lightning Mapping Array, mobile balloon-borne soundings, and two mobile C-band radars. The spatial distribution and evolution of lightning are related to storm kinematics and microphysics, specifically through regions of microphysical charging and the location and geometry of those charge regions. Lightning flashes near the core of this storm were extraordinarily frequent, but tended to be of shorter duration and smaller horizontal extent than typical flashes elsewhere. This is hypothesized to be due to the charge being in many small pockets, with opposite polarities of charge close together in adjoining pockets. Thus, each polarity of lightning leader could propagate only a relatively short distance before reaching regions of unfavorable electric potential. In the anvil, however, lightning extended tens of kilometers from the reflectivity cores in roughly horizontal layers, consistent with the charge spreading through the anvil in broad sheets. The strong, consistent updraft of this high-precipitation supercell storm combined with the large hydrometeor concentrations to produce the extremely high flash rates observed during the analysis period. The strength and size of the updraft also contributed to unique lightning characteristics such as the transient hole of reduced lightning density and discharges in the overshooting top.
C1 [Calhoun, Kristin M.] Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK USA.
[Calhoun, Kristin M.; MacGorman, Donald R.; Ziegler, Conrad L.] Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Biggerstaff, Michael I.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
RP Calhoun, KM (reprint author), Natl Severe Storms Lab, 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM kristin.kuhlman@noaa.gov
OI MacGorman, Donald/0000-0002-2395-8196; Biggerstaff,
Michael/0000-0002-6690-784X
FU National Science Foundation [ATM-0233268, ATM-1063537, ATM-0802717]
FX This research was supported in part by National Science Foundation
Grants ATM-0233268, ATM-1063537, and ATM-0802717. All environmental
surface data were provided by the Oklahoma Mesonet. The authors thank
Jerry Straka, Stu Ryan, William Beasley, and three anonymous reviewers
for their comments and suggestions regarding this work. This study would
not have been possible without the participants in the TELEX field
program including more than 30 students from the University of Oklahoma.
NR 86
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 2
U2 8
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
EI 1520-0493
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 141
IS 7
BP 2199
EP 2223
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-12-00258.1
PG 25
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 301ET
UT WOS:000330516300004
ER
PT J
AU Jones, TA
Stensrud, DJ
Minnis, P
Palikonda, R
AF Jones, Thomas A.
Stensrud, David J.
Minnis, Patrick
Palikonda, Rabindra
TI Evaluation of a Forward Operator to Assimilate Cloud Water Path into
WRF-DART
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID ENSEMBLE KALMAN FILTER; NUMERICAL WEATHER PREDICTION; INFRARED SATELLITE
RADIANCES; SSI ANALYSIS SYSTEM; BULK MICROPHYSICS; PART I; MODIS DATA;
RADAR DATA; MODEL; THUNDERSTORM
AB Assimilating satellite-retrieved cloud properties into storm-scale models has received limited attention despite its potential to provide a wide array of information to a model analysis. Available retrievals include cloud water path (CWP), which represents the amount of cloud water and cloud ice present in an integrated column, and cloud-top and cloud-base pressures, which represent the top and bottom pressure levels of the cloud layers, respectively. These interrelated data are assimilated into an Advanced Research Weather Research and Forecasting Model (ARW-WRF) 40-member ensemble with 3-km grid spacing using the Data Assimilation Research Testbed (DART) ensemble Kalman filter. A new CWP forward operator combines the satellite-derived cloud information with similar variables generated by WRF. This approach is tested using a severe weather event on 10 May 2010. One experiment only assimilates conventional (CONV) observations, while the second assimilates the identical conventional observations and the satellite-derived CWP (PATH).
Comparison of the CWP observations at 2045 UTC to CONV and PATH analyses shows that PATH has an improved representation of both the magnitude and spatial orientation of CWP compared to CONV. Assimilating CWP acts both to suppress convection in the model where none is present in satellite data and to encourage convection where it is observed. Oklahoma Mesonet observations of downward shortwave flux at 2100 UTC indicate that PATH reduces the root-mean-square difference errors in downward shortwave flux by 75 W m(-2) compared to CONV. Reduction in model error is generally maximized during the initial 30-min forecast period with the impact of CWP observations decreasing for longer forecast times.
C1 [Jones, Thomas A.] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Stensrud, David J.] NOAA, OAR, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Minnis, Patrick] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA.
[Palikonda, Rabindra] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Hampton, VA USA.
RP Jones, TA (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM thomas.jones@noaa.gov
RI Minnis, Patrick/G-1902-2010
OI Minnis, Patrick/0000-0002-4733-6148
FU NOAA/National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service;
NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University of
Oklahoma [NA17RJ1227]; NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research
under U.S. Department of Commerce; NASA Modeling, Analysis, and
Prediction (MAP) Program; GOES-R Program; Department of Energy
Atmospheric Science Research Program [DE-SC0000991/003]
FX We appreciate the two anonymous reviewers whose comments improved the
quality of this work. Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler (WSR-88D)
level 2 radar reflectivity were retrieved from National Climatic Data
Center archives. Mesonet data were kindly provided by the Oklahoma
Climatological Survey. Nancy Collins at the University Corporation for
Atmospheric Research provided invaluable assistance in helping debug
certain parts of the new CWP forward operator. This research was
supported by the NOAA/National Environmental Satellite, Data, and
Information Service. Partial funding for this research was also provided
by NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University
of Oklahoma Cooperative Agreement NA17RJ1227, under the U.S. Department
of Commerce. P. Minnis and R. Palikonda are supported by the NASA
Modeling, Analysis, and Prediction (MAP) Program, the GOES-R Program,
and by the Department of Energy Atmospheric Science Research Program
under Interagency Agreement DE-SC0000991/003. (The near-real-time
satellite analyses can be accessed for a variety of domains at
http://angler.larc.nasa.gov/.)
NR 62
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U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
EI 1520-0493
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 141
IS 7
BP 2272
EP 2289
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-12-00238.1
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 301ET
UT WOS:000330516300008
ER
PT J
AU Sraj, I
Iskandarani, M
Srinivasan, A
Thacker, WC
Winokur, J
Alexanderian, A
Lee, CY
Chen, SS
Knio, OM
AF Sraj, Ihab
Iskandarani, Mohamed
Srinivasan, Ashwanth
Thacker, W. Carlisle
Winokur, Justin
Alexanderian, Alen
Lee, Chia-Ying
Chen, Shuyi S.
Knio, Omar M.
TI Bayesian Inference of Drag Parameters Using AXBT Data from Typhoon
Fanapi
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID OCEAN MODEL HYCOM; POLYNOMIAL CHAOS EXPANSION; TROPICAL CYCLONE
INTENSITY; HURRICANE BOUNDARY-LAYER; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; WIND SPEEDS;
VERTICAL COORDINATE; MOMENTUM EXCHANGE; TURBULENT FLUXES; SMOLYAK
CUBATURE
AB The authors introduce a three-parameter characterization of the wind speed dependence of the drag coefficient and apply a Bayesian formalism to infer values for these parameters from airborne expendable bathythermograph (AXBT) temperature data obtained during Typhoon Fanapi. One parameter is a multiplicative factor that amplifies or attenuates the drag coefficient for all wind speeds, the second is the maximum wind speed at which drag coefficient saturation occurs, and the third is the drag coefficient's rate of change with increasing wind speed after saturation. Bayesian inference provides optimal estimates of the parameters as well as a non-Gaussian probability distribution characterizing the uncertainty of these estimates. The efficiency of this approach stems from the use of adaptive polynomial expansions to build an inexpensive surrogate for the high-resolution numerical model that couples simulated winds to the oceanic temperature data, dramatically reducing the computational burden of the Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling. These results indicate that the most likely values for the drag coefficient saturation and the corresponding wind speed are about 2.3 x 10(-3) and 34ms(-1), respectively; the data were not informative regarding the drag coefficient behavior at higher wind speeds.
C1 [Sraj, Ihab; Winokur, Justin; Knio, Omar M.] Duke Univ, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Iskandarani, Mohamed; Srinivasan, Ashwanth; Thacker, W. Carlisle; Lee, Chia-Ying; Chen, Shuyi S.] Univ Miami, Miami, FL USA.
[Thacker, W. Carlisle] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Alexanderian, Alen] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
RP Knio, OM (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
EM omar.knio@duke.edu
RI alexanderian, alen/L-2124-2014; Thacker, Carlisle/I-3813-2013;
OI Thacker, Carlisle/0000-0002-9285-8826; Sraj, Ihab/0000-0002-6158-472X
FU Office of Naval Research Award [N00014-101-0498]; Department Research
Initiative (DRI) ITOP [N00014-08-1-0576]; U.S. Department of Energy,
Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research [DE-SC0007020]; Gulf of
Mexico Research Initiative [SA1207GOMRI005, SA12GOMRI008]
FX This research was supported by the Office of Naval Research Award
N00014-101-0498 and Department Research Initiative (DRI) ITOP Grant
N00014-08-1-0576, by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Advanced
Scientific Computing Research, Award DE-SC0007020, and by the Gulf of
Mexico Research Initiative Contracts SA1207GOMRI005 (CARTHE) and
SA12GOMRI008 (DEEP-C). We thank Jeff Kerlings, Robert Lee, Peter Black,
and the 53rd Weather Reconnaissance Squadron of the Air Force Reserve
Command for the AXBT deployment during ITOP. We would also like to thank
the anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments on improving this
manuscript.
NR 78
TC 15
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U1 2
U2 6
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
EI 1520-0493
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 141
IS 7
BP 2347
EP 2367
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-12-00228.1
PG 21
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 301ET
UT WOS:000330516300012
ER
PT J
AU Cione, JJ
Kalina, EA
Zhang, JA
Uhlhorn, EW
AF Cione, Joseph J.
Kalina, Evan A.
Zhang, Jun A.
Uhlhorn, Eric W.
TI Observations of Air-Sea Interaction and Intensity Change in Hurricanes
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID VERTICAL WIND SHEAR; TROPICAL CYCLONE INTENSITY; EQUIVALENT POTENTIAL
TEMPERATURE; OCEAN THERMAL STRUCTURE; NORTH PACIFIC BASINS;
BOUNDARY-LAYER; PART II; SURFACE TEMPERATURE; PREDICTION; ATLANTIC
AB Recent enhancements to the tropical cyclone-buoy database (TCBD) have incorporated data from the Extended Best Track (EBT) and the Statistical Hurricane Intensity Prediction Scheme (SHIPS) archive for tropical cyclones between 1975 and 2007. This information is used to analyze the relationships between large-scale atmospheric parameters, radial and shear-relative air-sea structure, and intensity change in strengthening and weakening hurricanes. Observations from this research illustrate that the direction of the large-scale vertical wind shear at mid-to low levels can impact atmospheric moisture conditions found near the surface. Drier low-level environments were associated with northerly shear conditions. In a separate analysis comparing strengthening and weakening hurricanes, drier surface conditions were also found for the intensifying sample. Since SST conditions were similar for both groups of storms, it is likely that the atmosphere was primarily responsible for modifying the near-surface thermodynamic environment (and ultimately surface moisture flux conditions) for this particular analysis.
C1 [Cione, Joseph J.; Uhlhorn, Eric W.] NOAA, AOML, Hurricane Res Div, Miami, FL 33176 USA.
[Kalina, Evan A.] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Zhang, Jun A.] Univ Miami, CIMAS, RSMAS, Miami, FL USA.
RP Cione, JJ (reprint author), NOAA, AOML, Hurricane Res Div, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33176 USA.
EM joe.cione@noaa.gov
RI Zhang, Jun/F-9580-2012; CIONE, JOSEPH/B-2973-2014
OI CIONE, JOSEPH/0000-0002-2011-887X
NR 43
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U1 2
U2 10
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
EI 1520-0493
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 141
IS 7
BP 2368
EP 2382
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-12-00070.1
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 301ET
UT WOS:000330516300013
ER
PT J
AU Misra, V
DiNapoli, S
Powell, M
AF Misra, V.
DiNapoli, S.
Powell, M.
TI The Track Integrated Kinetic Energy of Atlantic Tropical Cyclones
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID EL-NINO; CLIMATE; INTENSITY
AB In this paper the concept of track integrated kinetic energy (TIKE) is introduced as a measure of seasonal Atlantic tropical cyclone activity and applied to seasonal variability in the Atlantic. It is similar in concept to the more commonly used accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) with an important difference that in TIKE the integrated kinetic energy (IKE) is accumulated for the life span of the Atlantic tropical cyclone. The IKE is, however, computed by volume integrating the 10-m level sustained winds of tropical strength or higher quadrant by quadrant, while ACE uses the maximum sustained winds only without accounting for the structure of the storm. In effect TIKE accounts for the intensity, duration, and size of the tropical cyclones. In this research, the authors have examined the seasonality and the interannual variations of the seasonal Atlantic TIKE over a period of 22 yr from 1990 to 2011. It is found that the Atlantic TIKE climatologically peaks in the month of September and the frequency of storms with the largest TIKE are highest in the eastern tropical Atlantic. The interannual variations of the Atlantic TIKE reveal that it is likely influenced by SST variations in the equatorial Pacific and in the Atlantic Oceans. The SST variations in the central equatorial Pacific are negatively correlated with the contemporaneous seasonal (June-November) TIKE. The size of the Atlantic warm pool (AWP) is positively correlated with seasonal TIKE.
C1 [Misra, V.] Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32312 USA.
[Misra, V.; DiNapoli, S.] Florida State Univ, Ctr Ocean Atmospher Predict Studies, Tallahassee, FL 32312 USA.
[Misra, V.] Florida State Univ, Florida Climate Inst, Tallahassee, FL 32312 USA.
[Powell, M.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Hurricane Res Div, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Misra, V (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, 1017 Acad Way,404 Love Bldg, Tallahassee, FL 32312 USA.
EM vmisra@fsu.edu
FU NOAA [NA12OAR4310078, NA10OAR4310215, NA11OAR4310110]; USGS
[06HQGR0125]; USDA [027865]
FX We thank Michael Kozar with assistance in the generation of some of the
figures. We would also like to thank one anonymous reviewer and Mike
Fiorino for their insightful comments on an earlier version of the
manuscript. This work was supported by grants from NOAA (Grants
NA12OAR4310078, NA10OAR4310215, and NA11OAR4310110), USGS (Grant
06HQGR0125), and USDA (Grant 027865).
NR 21
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Z9 5
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
EI 1520-0493
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 141
IS 7
BP 2383
EP 2389
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-12-00349.1
PG 7
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 301ET
UT WOS:000330516300014
ER
PT J
AU Fierro, AO
Mansell, ER
MacGorman, DR
Ziegler, CL
AF Fierro, Alexandre O.
Mansell, Edward R.
MacGorman, Donald R.
Ziegler, Conrad L.
TI The Implementation of an Explicit Charging and Discharge Lightning
Scheme within the WRF-ARW Model: Benchmark Simulations of a Continental
Squall Line, a Tropical Cyclone, and a Winter Storm
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-RESOLUTION SIMULATION; MESOSCALE ETA-MODEL; THUNDERSTORM
ELECTRIFICATION; PART I; UNITED-STATES; TOGA COARE; RIMING
ELECTRIFICATION; RIME ACCRETION; WATER-VAPOR; HURRICANE
AB This work describes the recent implementation of explicit lightning physics within the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model. Charging of hydrometeors consists of five distinct noninductive parameterizations, polarization of cloud water, and the exchange of charge during collisional mass transfer. The three components of the ambient electric field are explicitly solved for via the computationally efficient multigrid elliptic solver. The discharge process employs concepts adapted from two well-documented bulk lightning models, whereby charge reduction is imposed within a prescribed volume centered at grid points characterized by electric field magnitudes exceeding a given breakdown threshold.
This lightning model was evaluated through benchmark convection-allowing (3 km) model simulations of three contrasting convective systems: a continental squall line, a major hurricane (Rita 2005), and a winter storm. The areal coverage and magnitude of the simulated hourly flash origin density (FOD) for the continental squall line are qualitatively comparable to that of the total lightning data observations from Earth Networks Total Lightning Network (ENTLN). In agreement with the ENTLN observations, no FOD are simulated for the winter storm case. The simulated spatial FOD pattern of the hurricane and the eyewall gross charge structure were both in reasonable agreement with observations. The simulated FOD for all three cases were also evaluated against those obtained with the recently developed McCaul diagnostic lightning prediction schemes and exhibited overall good qualitative agreement with each other for Rita and the continental squall line.
C1 [Fierro, Alexandre O.] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Fierro, Alexandre O.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, OAR, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Mansell, Edward R.; MacGorman, Donald R.; Ziegler, Conrad L.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
RP Fierro, AO (reprint author), Natl Weather Ctr, CIMMS, Suite 2100,120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM alex.fierro@noaa.gov
RI Fierro, Alexandre/C-4733-2014;
OI Fierro, Alexandre/0000-0002-4859-1255; MacGorman,
Donald/0000-0002-2395-8196
FU NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University of
Oklahoma, U.S. Department of Commerce [NA11OAR4320072]; NESDIS program
under National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of the U.S.
Department of Commerce [NOAA-NESDIS-OAR-NA08OAR4320904]
FX Funding was provided by NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research
under NOAA-University of Oklahoma Cooperative Agreement NA11OAR4320072,
U.S. Department of Commerce. This work was also supported by the NESDIS
program, which is under the auspices of the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration of the U.S. Department of Commerce under
Grant NOAA-NESDIS-OAR-NA08OAR4320904. Computer resources were provided
by the Oklahoma Supercomputing Center for Education and Research (OSCER)
hosted at the University of Oklahoma. The authors thank Scott Dembek for
providing the 40-km NAM data and Ami Arthur for providing the NSSL
three-dimensional NMQ radar mosaic data. Thanks also go out to Bill
Callahan, Benny Chukrun, Stan Heckman, and Jim Anderson from Earth
Networks for providing the total lightning data for two of the case
studies. The authors would also like to thank Dr. Eugene McCaul and two
anonymous reviewers for providing helpful suggestions on an earlier
version of the manuscript.
NR 92
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Z9 11
U1 1
U2 22
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
EI 1520-0493
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 141
IS 7
BP 2390
EP 2415
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-12-00278.1
PG 26
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 301ET
UT WOS:000330516300015
ER
PT J
AU Alcott, TI
Steenburgh, WJ
AF Alcott, Trevor I.
Steenburgh, W. James
TI Orographic Influences on a Great Salt Lake-Effect Snowstorm
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID TOPOGRAPHICALLY FORCED CONVERGENCE; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; MOUNTAIN
WINTER STORM; SNAKE RIVER PLAIN; EFFECT SNOW; PRECIPITATION EVENTS;
CELLULAR CONVECTION; NUMERICAL-MODEL; IPEX IOP3; EVOLUTION
AB Although several mountain ranges surround the Great Salt Lake (GSL) of northern Utah, the extent to which orography modifies GSL-effect precipitation remains largely unknown. Here the authors use observational and numerical modeling approaches to examine the influence of orography on the GSL-effect snowstorm of 27 October 2010, which generated 6-10 mm of precipitation (snow-water equivalent) in the Salt Lake Valley and up to 30 cm of snow in the Wasatch Mountains. The authors find that the primary orographic influences on the event are 1) foehnlike flow over the upstream orography that warms and dries the incipient low-level air mass and reduces precipitation coverage and intensity; 2) orographically forced convergence that extends downstream from the upstream orography, is enhanced by blocking windward of the Promontory Mountains, and affects the structure and evolution of the lake-effect precipitation band; and 3) blocking by the Wasatch and Oquirrh Mountains, which funnels the flow into the Salt Lake Valley, reinforces the thermally driven convergence generated by the GSL, and strongly enhances precipitation. The latter represents a synergistic interaction between lake and downstream orographic processes that is crucial for precipitation development, with a dramatic decrease in precipitation intensity and coverage evident in simulations in which either the lake or the orography are removed. These results help elucidate the spectrum of lake-orographic processes that contribute to lake-effect events and may be broadly applicable to other regions where lake effect precipitation occurs in proximity to complex terrain.
C1 [Alcott, Trevor I.] Western Reg Headquarters, Natl Weather Serv, Salt Lake City, UT 84103 USA.
[Steenburgh, W. James] Univ Utah, Dept Atmospher Sci, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
RP Alcott, TI (reprint author), Western Reg Headquarters, Natl Weather Serv, 125 S State St, Salt Lake City, UT 84103 USA.
EM trevor.alcott@noaa.gov
RI Alcott, Trevor/K-1427-2015
FU National Science Foundation [AGS-0938611]; NOAA/National Weather Service
CSTAR program
FX We thank Meteorologist-in-Charge Larry Dunn and Science Operations
Officer Randy Graham of the National Weather Service Forecast Office in
Salt Lake City for their guidance and two anonymous reviewers for
comments and suggestions that helped strengthen the manuscript. This
work was conducted in pursuit of a Doctor of Philosophy degree and we
thank committee members John Horel, Steven Krueger, and Neil Laird. We
gratefully acknowledge the provision of datasets, software, and/or
computer time and services provided by NCDC, NCEP, NCAR, Unidata, the
University of Wyoming, and the University of Utah Center for High
Performance Computing. This article is based in part on research
supported by Grant AGS-0938611 from the National Science Foundation and
a series of grants provided by the NOAA/National Weather Service CSTAR
program. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations
expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect
those of the National Science Foundation or the NOAA/National Weather
Service.
NR 64
TC 21
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U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
EI 1520-0493
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 141
IS 7
BP 2432
EP 2450
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-12-00328.1
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 301ET
UT WOS:000330516300017
ER
PT J
AU Veenhuis, BA
AF Veenhuis, Bruce A.
TI Spread Calibration of Ensemble MOS Forecasts
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID MODEL OUTPUT STATISTICS; PREDICTION SYSTEM; SKILL; RELIABILITY; ERROR;
ECMWF; DISTRIBUTIONS; UNCERTAINTY; TEMPERATURE; REFORECASTS
AB Ensemble forecasting systems often contain systematic biases and spread deficiencies that can be corrected by statistical postprocessing. This study presents an improvement to an ensemble statistical postprocessing technique, called ensemble kernel density model output statistics (EKDMOS). EKDMOS uses model output statistics (MOS) equations and spread-skill relationships to generate calibrated probabilistic forecasts. The MOS equations are multiple linear regression equations developed by relating observations to ensemble mean-based predictors. The spread-skill relationships are one-term linear regression equations that predict the expected accuracy of the ensemble mean given the ensemble spread. To generate an EKDMOS forecast, the MOS equations are applied to each ensemble member. Kernel density fitting is used to create a probability density function (PDF) from the ensemble MOS forecasts. The PDF spread is adjusted to match the spread predicted by the spread-skill relationship, producing a calibrated forecast. The improved EKDMOS technique was used to produce probabilistic 2-m temperature forecasts from the North American Ensemble Forecast System (NAEFS) over the period 1 October 2007-31 March 2010. The results were compared with an earlier spread adjustment technique, as well as forecasts generated by rank sorting the bias-corrected ensemble members. Compared to the other techniques, the new EKDMOS forecasts were more reliable, had a better calibrated spread-error relationship, and showed increased day-to-day spread variability.
C1 NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Off Sci & Technol, Meteorol Dev Lab, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Veenhuis, BA (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Off Sci & Technol, Meteorol Dev Lab, Room 10400,1325 East West Hwy, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM bruce.veenhuis@noaa.gov
NR 44
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
EI 1520-0493
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 141
IS 7
BP 2467
EP 2482
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-12-00191.1
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 301ET
UT WOS:000330516300019
ER
PT J
AU Chen, X
Andronova, N
Van Leer, B
Penner, JE
Boyd, JP
Jablonowski, C
Lin, SJ
AF Chen, Xi
Andronova, Natalia
Van Leer, Bram
Penner, Joyce E.
Boyd, John P.
Jablonowski, Christiane
Lin, Shian-Jiann
TI A Control-Volume Model of the Compressible Euler Equations with a
Vertical Lagrangian Coordinate
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID ATMOSPHERIC MODEL; DYNAMICAL CORE; GLOBAL-MODELS; FORMULATION; PRESSURE;
CONVECTION; STABILITY; SPHERE
AB Accurate and stable numerical discretization of the equations for the nonhydrostatic atmosphere is required, for example, to resolve interactions between clouds and aerosols in the atmosphere. Here the authors present a modification of the hydrostatic control-volume approach for solving the nonhydrostatic Euler equations with a Lagrangian vertical coordinate. A scheme with low numerical diffusion is achieved by introducing a low Mach number approximate Riemann solver (LMARS) for atmospheric flows. LMARS is a flexible way to ensure stability for finite-volume numerical schemes in both Eulerian and vertical Lagrangian configurations. This new approach is validated on test cases using a 2D (x-z) configuration.
C1 [Chen, Xi; Andronova, Natalia; Van Leer, Bram; Penner, Joyce E.; Boyd, John P.; Jablonowski, Christiane] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Lin, Shian-Jiann] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
RP Chen, X (reprint author), Univ Michigan, 2455 Hayward St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM xic@umich.edu
RI Jablonowski, Christiane/I-9068-2012; Penner, Joyce/J-1719-2012;
OI Jablonowski, Christiane/0000-0003-0407-0092; Boyd,
John/0000-0003-3737-9715; Chen, Xi/0000-0002-9952-9048
FU Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-01ER63248]
FX The authors thank the two anonymous reviewers and the editor for their
very helpful commentary in improving this work. This work was supported
by the Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy, Award
DE-FG02-01ER63248.
NR 33
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
EI 1520-0493
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 141
IS 7
BP 2526
EP 2544
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-12-00129.1
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 301ET
UT WOS:000330516300023
ER
PT J
AU Chen, L
Yu, YQ
Sun, DZ
AF Chen, Lin
Yu, Yongqiang
Sun, De-Zheng
TI Cloud and Water Vapor Feedbacks to the El Nino Warming: Are They Still
Biased in CMIP5 Models?
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODELS; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; DOUBLE-ITCZ
PROBLEM; ATMOSPHERE FEEDBACKS; DYNAMICAL FEEDBACKS; CLIMATE FEEDBACKS;
TROPICAL OCEANS; COLD-TONGUE; PACIFIC; BUDGET
AB Previous evaluations of model simulations of the cloud and water vapor feedbacks in response to El Nino warming have singled out two common biases in models from phase 3 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP3): an underestimate of the negative feedback from the shortwave cloud radiative forcing (SWCRF) and an overestimate of the positive feedback from the greenhouse effect of water vapor. Here, the authors check whether these two biases are alleviated in the CMIP5 models. While encouraging improvements are found, particularly in the simulation of the negative SWCRF feedback, the biases in the simulation of these two feedbacks remain prevalent and significant. It is shown that bias in the SWCRF feedback correlates well with biases in the corresponding feedbacks from precipitation, large-scale circulation, and longwave radiative forcing of clouds (LWCRF). By dividing CMIP5 models into two categories-high score models (HSM) and low score models (LSM)-based on their individual skills of simulating the SWCRF feedback, the authors further find that ocean-atmosphere coupling generally lowers the score of the simulated feedbacks of water vapor and clouds but that the LSM is more affected by the coupling than the HSM. They also find that the SWCRF feedback is simulated better in the models that have a more realistic zonal extent of the equatorial cold tongue, suggesting that the continuing existence of an excessive cold tongue is a key factor behind the persistence of the feedback biases in models.
C1 [Chen, Lin; Yu, Yongqiang] Chinese Acad Sci, LASG, Inst Atmospher Phys, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China.
[Chen, Lin] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Sun, De-Zheng] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Studies, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Sun, De-Zheng] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Yu, YQ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, LASG, Inst Atmospher Phys, 40 Hua Yan Li, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China.
EM yyq@lasg.iap.ac.cn
RI Yu, Yongqiang /K-7808-2012
OI Yu, Yongqiang /0000-0001-8596-3583
FU Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDA05110302]; National Key Program for
Developing Basic Sciences [2010CB950502]; U.S. National Science
Foundation Climate Dynamics Program [AGS 0852329]; NOAA office of global
program (MAPP); NOAA office of global program (ESS)
FX We thank two anonymous reviewers for their constructive and insightful
comments. The discussion with Dr. Li Lijuan about the model FGOLAS-g2 is
gratefully acknowledged. This study is jointly supported by the
"Strategic Priority Research Program Climate Change: Carbon Budget and
Relevant Issues" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant XDA05110302),
the National Key Program for Developing Basic Sciences Grant
2010CB950502, the U.S. National Science Foundation Climate Dynamics
Program under AGS 0852329, and grants from the NOAA office of global
programs (MAPP and ESS). We also acknowledge the modeling groups, the
PCMDI and the World Climate Research Programme's (WCRP) Working Group on
Coupled Modelling (WGCM) for their roles in making available the WCRP
CMIP5 multimodel dataset. Support of this dataset is provided by the
Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy.
NR 47
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 10
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 14
BP 4947
EP 4961
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00575.1
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 301EK
UT WOS:000330515400004
ER
PT J
AU Muller, C
AF Muller, Caroline
TI Impact of Convective Organization on the Response of Tropical
Precipitation Extremes to Warming
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID ATMOSPHERIC GENERAL-CIRCULATION; LIVED SQUALL LINES; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE; SELF-AGGREGATION; MOIST CONVECTION; SIMULATIONS;
CLOUD; MODEL; EQUILIBRIUM
AB In this study the response of tropical precipitation extremes to warming in organized convection is examined using a cloud-resolving model. Vertical shear is imposed to organize the convection into squall lines. Earlier studies show that in disorganized convection, the fractional increase of precipitation extremes is similar to that of surface water vapor, which is substantially smaller than the increase in column water vapor. It has been suggested that organized convection could lead to stronger amplifications.
Regardless of the strength of the shear, amplifications of precipitation extremes in the cloud-resolving simulations are comparable to those of surface water vapor and are substantially less than increases in column water vapor. The results without shear and with critical shear, for which the squall lines are perpendicular to the shear, are surprisingly similar with a fractional rate of increase of precipitation extremes slightly smaller than that of surface water vapor. Interestingly, the dependence on shear is nonmonotonic, and stronger supercritical shear yields larger rates, close to or slightly larger than surface humidity.
A scaling is used to evaluate the thermodynamic and dynamic contributions to precipitation extreme changes. To first order, they are dominated by the thermodynamic component, which has the same magnitude for all shears, close to the change in surface water vapor. The dynamic contribution plays a secondary role and tends to weaken extremes without shear and with critical shear, while it strengthens extremes with supercritical shear. These different dynamic contributions for different shears are due to different responses of convective mass fluxes in individual updrafts to warming.
C1 [Muller, Caroline] Princeton Univ, Atmospher & Ocean Sci Program, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Muller, Caroline] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, Lab Hydrodynam LadHyX, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
RP Muller, C (reprint author), Ecole Polytech, CNRS, Lab Hydrodynam LadHyX, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
EM carolinemuller123@gmail.com
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-SC0006841]
FX The author would like to thank Isaac Held and Steve Garner for useful
discussions about this work, Andrew Singleton and Ralf Toumi for
providing further details about their simulations, and Kerry Emanuel for
critical reading of the manuscript. Financial support for this work
under the U.S. Department of Energy Grant DE-SC0006841 is gratefully
acknowledged.
NR 42
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 3
U2 9
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 14
BP 5028
EP 5043
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00655.1
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 301EK
UT WOS:000330515400009
ER
PT J
AU Park, DSR
Ho, CH
Kim, JH
Kim, HS
AF Park, Doo-Sun R.
Ho, Chang-Hoi
Kim, Joo-Hong
Kim, Hyeong-Seog
TI Spatially Inhomogeneous Trends of Tropical Cyclone Intensity over the
Western North Pacific for 1977-2010
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID DATA ASSIMILATION SYSTEM; OCEAN THERMAL STRUCTURE; HURRICANE INTENSITY;
TYPHOON ACTIVITY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; COUPLED MODEL; PART I; FREQUENCY;
INTENSIFICATION; DEPENDENCE
AB The spatial distribution of trends in tropical cyclone (TC) intensity over the western North Pacific Ocean (WNP) during the period 1977-2010 was examined using five TC datasets. The spatial distribution of the TC intensity was expressed by seasonally averaged maximum wind speeds in 5 degrees x 5 degrees horizontal grids. The trends showed a spatial inhomogeneity, with a weakening in the tropical Philippine Sea (TP) and a strengthening in southern Japan and its southeastern ocean (SJ). This distribution could be described by TC intensification rate and genesis frequency, with the aid of the climatological direction of TC movement. The increasing intensification rate around the center of the WNP could mostly account for the increasing intensity over the SJ region, while the influence of both intensification rate and local genesis frequency mattered in the TP region because of the effect of the newly generated and less-developed weak TCs on the TC intensity. Thermodynamic variables (e. g., sea surface temperature, potential intensity, and 26 degrees C isotherm depth) showed almost homogeneous changes in space, possibly favoring intensification rate and genesis frequency over the entire WNP. However, the decreasing intensification rate and genesis frequency in some tropical regions conflicted with the impact of thermodynamic variables; rather, they were in accord with the impact of dynamic variables (i.e., vorticity and wind shear). In conclusion, the spatially inhomogeneous trends in TC intensity could be explained by considering the thermodynamic and dynamic aspects in combination through intensification rate and genesis frequency.
C1 [Park, Doo-Sun R.; Ho, Chang-Hoi] Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Seoul, South Korea.
[Kim, Joo-Hong] Korea Inst Ocean Sci & Technol, Ansan, South Korea.
[Kim, Hyeong-Seog] Princeton Univ, Atmospher & Ocean Sci Program, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Kim, Hyeong-Seog] Princeton Univ, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Kim, JH (reprint author), Korea Polar Res Inst, 12 Gaetbeol Ro, Inchon 406840, South Korea.
EM jhkim004@gmail.com
RI Park, Doo-Sun/H-2793-2014; Kim, Hyeong-Seog/F-4496-2010; Kim,
Joo-Hong/J-8929-2012; Ho, Chang-Hoi/H-8354-2015
OI Park, Doo-Sun/0000-0002-4871-1341; Kim, Hyeong-Seog/0000-0003-2577-3301;
Kim, Joo-Hong/0000-0003-3087-9864;
FU Korea Meteorological Administration Research and Development Program
under Grant Center for Atmospheric Sciences and Earthquake Research
(CATER) [2012-2040]; Brain Korea 21 (BK21) project of the South Korean
government
FX This work was funded by the Korea Meteorological Administration Research
and Development Program under Grant Center for Atmospheric Sciences and
Earthquake Research (CATER) 2012-2040. D.-S. R. Park received partial
supports from the Brain Korea 21 (BK21) project of the South Korean
government. The authors are grateful to the editor and three anonymous
reviewers for their helpful comments, and also acknowledge helpful
comments by Dr. Jim Kossin.
NR 53
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 14
BP 5088
EP 5101
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00386.1
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 301EK
UT WOS:000330515400013
ER
PT J
AU Newman, M
AF Newman, Matthew
TI An Empirical Benchmark for Decadal Forecasts of Global Surface
Temperature Anomalies
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID PREDICTABILITY; ATLANTIC; OSCILLATION; PREDICTION; ENSO; VARIABILITY;
SKILL; OCEAN
AB The suitability of a linear inverse model (LIM) as a benchmark for decadal surface temperature forecast skill is demonstrated. Constructed from the observed simultaneous and 1-yr lag covariability statistics of annually averaged sea surface temperature (SST) and surface (2 m) land temperature global anomalies during 1901-2009, the LIM has hindcast skill for leads of 2-5 yr and 6-9 yr comparable to and sometimes even better than skill of the phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) model hindcasts initialized annually over the period 1960-2000 and has skill far better than damped persistence (e. g., a local univariate AR1 process). Over the entire post-1901 record, the LIM skill pattern is similar but has reduced amplitude. Pronounced similarity in geographical variations of skill between LIM and CMIP5 hindcasts suggests similarity in their sources of skill as well, supporting additional evaluation of LIM predictability. For forecast leads above 1-2 yr, LIM skill almost entirely results from three nonorthogonal patterns: one corresponding to the secular trend and two more, each with about 10-yr decorrelation time scales but no trend, that represent most of the predictable portions of the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO) and Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO) indices, respectively. As found in previous studies, the AMO-related pattern also contributes to multidecadal variations in global mean temperature, and the PDO-related pattern has maximum amplitude in the west Pacific and represents the residual after both interannual and decadal ENSO variability are removed from the PDO time series. These results suggest that current coupled model decadal forecasts may not yet have much skill beyond that captured by multivariate, predictably linear dynamics.
C1 [Newman, Matthew] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Newman, Matthew] NOAA, Div Phys Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Newman, M (reprint author), 325 Broadway,R PSD1, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM matt.newman@noaa.gov
RI Newman, Matthew /F-8336-2010
OI Newman, Matthew /0000-0001-5348-2312
FU NOAA CVP; NSF [1035423]
FX The author thanks Mike Alexander, Prashant Sardeshmukh, Amy Solomon, and
three anonymous reviewers for helpful comments. This work was supported
by grants from NOAA CVP and NSF 1035423.
NR 32
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 14
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 14
BP 5260
EP 5269
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00590.1
PG 10
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 301EK
UT WOS:000330515400024
ER
PT J
AU Lin, CC
Yang, FQ
Chin, JW
Sung, L
Lee, S
AF Lin, Chiao-Chi
Yang, Fuqian
Chin, Joannie W.
Sung, Lipiin
Lee, Sanboh
TI Stress-Assisted Formation of Surface Gratings on Polymer Films
SO POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID ELASTIC FILMS; THIN-FILMS; INSTABILITY; SOFT; FRACTURE; GROWTH; SOLIDS
AB The effect of biaxial-residual-compressive surface stress on the surface modulation of solid films is analyzed. The results show that the biaxial compressive stress can create surface modulation with the orientation being 45 degrees (135 degrees) to the principal directions of the stresses. Using uniaxial tension, a complementary set of nonsymmetrical polymer ripple gratings is formed on the fracture surface of a polymer film that is sandwiched between two relatively glass slides. The effect of geometrical shape and boundary confinement is examined on the surface modulation. The orientation of the polymer ripple gratings is found to be 45 degrees to the longitudinal direction of the films for long-rectangular polymer thin films in accord with the analysis. (C) 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers
C1 [Lin, Chiao-Chi; Lee, Sanboh] Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
[Yang, Fuqian] Univ Kentucky, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
[Chin, Joannie W.; Sung, Lipiin] NIST, Polymer Mat Grp, Mat & Construct Div, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Lee, S (reprint author), Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
EM sblee@mx.nthu.edu.tw
FU NSF [CMMI-0800018]; National Science Council, Taiwan
FX Contract grant sponsor: NSF (to F.Y.); contract grant number:
CMMI-0800018; contract grant sponsor: National Science Council, Taiwan
(to S.L.).
NR 32
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 9
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0032-3888
EI 1548-2634
J9 POLYM ENG SCI
JI Polym. Eng. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 53
IS 7
BP 1454
EP 1462
DI 10.1002/pen.23395
PG 9
WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science
SC Engineering; Polymer Science
GA 296MS
UT WOS:000330189800010
ER
PT J
AU Chang, YL
Oey, LY
AF Chang, Y. -L.
Oey, L. -Y.
TI Coupled Response of the Trade Wind, SST Gradient, and SST in the
Caribbean Sea, and the Potential Impact on Loop Current's Interannual
Variability
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Air-sea interaction; Climate variability
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; LOW-LEVEL JET; MOMENTUM IMBALANCE PARADOX; SURFACE
TEMPERATURE; RING SEPARATIONS; CURRENT GROWTH; FREQUENCY; CLIMATE;
MODELS; CIRCULATION
AB Air-sea coupling in the IntraAmerican seas (IAS; Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico) is studied through analyses of observational data from satellite, reanalysis products, and in situ measurements. A strong coupling is found between the easterly trade wind -U and meridional SST gradient T/y across a localized region of the southern-central Caribbean Sea from seasonal and interannual to decadal time scales. The T/y anomaly is caused by a variation in the strength of coastal upwelling off the Venezuelan coast by the wind, which in turn strengthens (weakens) for stronger (weaker) T/y. Wind speeds and seasonal fluctuations in IAS have increased in the past two decades with a transition near 1994 coinciding approximately with when the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO) turned from cold to warm phases. In particular, the seasonal swing from summer's strong to fall's weak trade wind has become larger. The ocean's upper-layer depth has also deepened, by as much as 50% on average in the eastern Gulf of Mexico. These conditions favor the shedding of eddies from the Loop Current, making it more likely to shed at a biannual frequency, as has been observed from altimetry data.
C1 [Chang, Y. -L.] Natl Taiwan Normal Univ, Taipei, Taiwan.
[Chang, Y. -L.; Oey, L. -Y.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Oey, L. -Y.] Natl Cent Univ, Jhongli, Taiwan.
RP Oey, LY (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Atmospher & Ocean Sci Program, 300 Forrestal Rd,114 Sayre Hall, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM lyo@princeton.edu
FU U.S. Bureau of Offshore Energy Management; Taiwan Foundation for the
Advancement of Outstanding Scholarship; National Science Council;
Ministry of Education; National Central University
FX Support from the U.S. Bureau of Offshore Energy Management; and the
Taiwan Foundation for the Advancement of Outstanding Scholarship, the
National Science Council, the Ministry of Education, and the National
Central University are gratefully acknowledged.
NR 48
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-3670
EI 1520-0485
J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR
JI J. Phys. Oceanogr.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 43
IS 7
BP 1325
EP 1344
DI 10.1175/JPO-D-12-0183.1
PG 20
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 290SG
UT WOS:000329778000006
ER
PT J
AU Beron-Vera, FJ
Wang, Y
Olascoaga, MJ
Goni, GJ
Haller, G
AF Beron-Vera, Francisco J.
Wang, Yan
Olascoaga, Maria J.
Goni, Gustavo J.
Haller, George
TI Objective Detection of Oceanic Eddies and the Agulhas Leakage
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Eddies; Mesoscale processes; Transport
ID COHERENT STRUCTURES; ALTIMETRY; RINGS; EVOLUTION; MOVEMENT; DYNAMICS;
CENSUS; FLOWS; GULF
AB Mesoscale oceanic eddies are routinely detected from instantaneous velocities derived from satellite altimetry data. While simple to implement, this approach often gives spurious results and hides true material transport. Here it is shown how geodesic transport theory, a recently developed technique from nonlinear dynamical systems, uncovers eddies objectively. Applying this theory to altimetry-derived velocities in the South Atlantic reveals, for the first time, Agulhas rings that preserve their material coherence for several months, while ring candidates yielded by other approaches tend to disperse or leak within weeks. These findings suggest that available velocity-based estimates for the Agulhas leakage, as well as for its impact on ocean circulation and climate, need revision.
C1 [Beron-Vera, Francisco J.; Wang, Yan; Olascoaga, Maria J.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Goni, Gustavo J.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Haller, George] ETH, Inst Mech Syst, Zurich, Switzerland.
RP Beron-Vera, FJ (reprint author), Univ Miami, RSMAS AMP, 4600 Rickenbacker Cswy, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM fberon@rsmas.miami.edu
RI Haller, George/A-5076-2012; Goni, Gustavo/D-2017-2012
OI Goni, Gustavo/0000-0001-7093-3170
FU NSF [CMG0825547]; NASA [NNX10AE99G]; NSERC [401839-11]
FX The constructive criticism by two anonymous reviewers led to
improvements in the paper. The altimeter products employed in this work
were obtained from AVISO (http://www.aviso.oceanobs.com). The work was
supported by NSF Grant CMG0825547 (FJBV, MJO, YW), NASA Grant NNX10AE99G
(FJBV, MJO, GJG, YW), and NSERC Grant 401839-11 (GH).
NR 39
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 1
U2 13
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-3670
EI 1520-0485
J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR
JI J. Phys. Oceanogr.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 43
IS 7
BP 1426
EP 1438
DI 10.1175/JPO-D-12-0171.1
PG 13
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 290SG
UT WOS:000329778000013
ER
PT J
AU Badin, G
Williams, RG
Jing, Z
Wu, LX
AF Badin, Gualtiero
Williams, Richard G.
Jing, Zhao
Wu, Lixin
TI Water Mass Transformations in the Southern Ocean Diagnosed from
Observations: Contrasting Effects of Air-Sea Fluxes and Diapycnal Mixing
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Mixing; Water masses
ID OVERTURNING CIRCULATION; DISSIPATION; DIFFUSION; FIELDS; MODEL; RATES;
STATE; LIMB
AB Transformation and formation rates of water masses in the Southern Ocean are estimated in a neutral-surface framework using air-sea fluxes of heat and freshwater together with in situ estimates of diapycnal mixing. The air-sea fluxes are taken from two different climatologies and a reanalysis dataset, while the diapycnal mixing is estimated from a mixing parameterization applied to five years of Argo float data. Air-sea fluxes lead to a large transformation directed toward lighter waters, typically from -45 to -63 Sv (1 Sv 10(6) m(3) s(-1)) centered at = 27.2, while interior diapycnal mixing leads to two weaker peaks in transformation, directed toward denser waters, 8 Sv centered at = 27.8, and directed toward lighter waters, -16 Sv centered at = 28.3. Hence, air-sea fluxes and interior diapycnal mixing are important in transforming different water masses within the Southern Ocean. The transformation of dense to lighter waters by diapycnal mixing within the Southern Ocean is slightly larger, though comparable in magnitude, to the transformation of lighter to dense waters by air-sea fluxes in the North Atlantic. However, there are significant uncertainties in the authors' estimates with errors of at least +/- 5 W m(-2) in air-sea fluxes, a factor 4 uncertainty in diapycnal mixing and limited coverage of air-sea fluxes in the high latitudes and Argo data in the Pacific. These water mass transformations partly relate to the circulation in density space: air-sea fluxes provide a general lightening along the core of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current and diapycnal diffusivity is enhanced at middepths along the current.
C1 [Badin, Gualtiero] Univ Hamburg, Inst Oceanog, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany.
[Williams, Richard G.] Univ Liverpool, Sch Environm Sci, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England.
[Jing, Zhao; Wu, Lixin] Ocean Univ China, Phys Oceanog Lab, Qingdao, Peoples R China.
[Badin, Gualtiero] Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Badin, G (reprint author), Univ Hamburg, Inst Oceanog, Bundesstr 53, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany.
EM gualtiero.badin@zmaw.de
RI Badin, Gualtiero/H-2193-2011; Williams, Richard/K-4111-2016
OI Badin, Gualtiero/0000-0002-0470-1192; Williams,
Richard/0000-0002-3180-7558
FU DOE [DE-SC0005189]; NSF [AGS-1144302]; RGW [NER/T/S/2002/00439]
FX GB was partially funded by DOE Grant DE-SC0005189 and NSF Grant
AGS-1144302, and RGW by NER/T/S/2002/00439. We are grateful for the
dynamic topography from N. Maximenko and P. Niiler, and for constructive
feedback from S. Griffies and R. Toggweiler. We thank two anonymous
referees for their constructive comments that strengthened the study.
NR 44
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-3670
EI 1520-0485
J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR
JI J. Phys. Oceanogr.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 43
IS 7
BP 1472
EP 1484
DI 10.1175/JPO-D-12-0216.1
PG 13
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 290SG
UT WOS:000329778000016
ER
PT J
AU Levine, A
Sauafea-Le'au, F
AF Levine, Arielle
Sauafea-Le'au, Fatima
TI Traditional Knowledge, Use, and Management of Living Marine Resources in
American Samoa: Documenting Changes over Time through Interviews with
Elder Fishers
SO PACIFIC SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID CONSERVATION METHODS; COLLAPSE; OCEANIA
AB We interviewed elder fishermen in American Samoa to better understand their perspectives on traditional use and management of marine resources and changes in the status of certain species over the course of time. Elder fishermen provide an important source of information in a context of limited catch data, declining fishing effort, and evolving local fishing traditions. Most fishermen interviewed during the study described a decline in the quality of various nearshore habitats, a general decrease in abundance of edible reef fish, and diminished abundance of locally valued palolo, atule, giant clams, and octopus. Populations of reef sharks and turtles are typically seen as stable or increasing. Fishermen from the relatively densely populated island of Tutuila tended to report a greater decrease in abundance of marine resources in general than did fishermen from the more remote Manu`a Islands. Elder fishermen commonly reported deterioration of nearshore and shoreline habitats as an issue of concern. Many interviewees also asserted that past use of destructive fishing methods has led to a decline in marine resources in the region. The fishermen generated various recommendations for improving local fisheries, including: reducing runoff-related pollution and sediment, preventing destructive fishing methods, and establishing marine protected areas. Although traditional marine tenure systems are no longer as influential in American Samoa as they were in the past, various rules regarding appropriate use of local marine ecosystems and associated resources continue to be implemented across the islands.
C1 [Levine, Arielle] San Diego State Univ, Dept Geog, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
[Sauafea-Le'au, Fatima] NOAA, Pacific Islands Reg Off, Habitat Conservat Div, Amer Samoa Field Off, Pago Pago, AS 96799 USA.
RP Levine, A (reprint author), San Diego State Univ, Dept Geog, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
EM alevine@mail.sdsu.edu
FU NOAA Preserve America Initiative
FX This article is part of a special issue of Pacific Science (vol. 67, no.
3) on the Human Dimensions of Small-Scale and Traditional Fisheries in
the Asia-Pacific Region, guest editors John N. (Jack) Kittinger and
Edward W. Glazier. This research was supported by a grant from the NOAA
Preserve America Initiative, with in-kind assistance from the American
Samoa Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources, and American Samoa
National Park. Manuscript accepted 9 October 2012.
NR 27
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 13
PU UNIV HAWAII PRESS
PI HONOLULU
PA 2840 KOLOWALU ST, HONOLULU, HI 96822 USA
SN 0030-8870
EI 1534-6188
J9 PAC SCI
JI Pac. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 67
IS 3
SI SI
BP 395
EP 407
DI 10.2984/67.3.7
PG 13
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 283PS
UT WOS:000329260100007
ER
PT J
AU Allen, S
AF Allen, Stewart
TI Carving a Niche or Cutting a Broad Swath: Subsistence Fishing in the
Western Pacific
SO PACIFIC SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID COASTAL FISHERIES; ECONOMIES; IMPACTS
AB Fish stocks in many parts of the western Pacific are increasingly being subjected to a variety of environmental and human pressures. Resource managers are responding to the situation by limiting and allocating catch across the various fisheries. There is a corresponding need to appropriately classify fishers and fishing fleets to ensure that all sectors are fairly considered when catch allocation decisions are undertaken in the region. But discrete classification of small-scale fishing sectors is challenging because commercial, recreational, and food-gathering motives often overlap. Moreover, despite the known importance of small-scale fishing in the western Pacific, the manner and extent of such activities are not well understood or thoroughly documented. This paper seeks to elucidate the nature of subsistence or consumption-oriented fishing and its relationship to other forms of small-scale fishing activities in the region. A conceptual framework of potential utility for assessing the degree to which small-scale operations are moving toward or away from subsistence fishing is developed with the intent of optimizing the resource allocation decision-making process. The discussion is based on review of pertinent literature and on findings from research recently conducted in Hawai`i and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands.
C1 [Allen, Stewart] NOAA Fisheries Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Human Dimens Res Program, Honolulu, HI 96814 USA.
RP Allen, S (reprint author), Bur Land Management, 333 SW 1st Ave, Portland, OR USA.
EM sdallen@blm.gov
NR 32
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 6
PU UNIV HAWAII PRESS
PI HONOLULU
PA 2840 KOLOWALU ST, HONOLULU, HI 96822 USA
SN 0030-8870
EI 1534-6188
J9 PAC SCI
JI Pac. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 67
IS 3
SI SI
BP 477
EP 488
DI 10.2984/67.3.12
PG 12
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 283PS
UT WOS:000329260100012
ER
PT J
AU Nichol, DG
Kotwicki, S
Zimmermann, M
AF Nichol, D. G.
Kotwicki, S.
Zimmermann, M.
TI Diel vertical migration of adult Pacific cod Gadus macrocephalus in
Alaska
SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE archival tags; crepuscular; eastern Bering Sea; foraging; Gulf of
Alaska; prey search
ID EASTERN BERING-SEA; POLLOCK THERAGRA-CHALCOGRAMMA; WALLEYE POLLOCK;
PANDALUS-BOREALIS; ARCHIVAL TAGS; MARINE FISHES; PAVLOF BAY; MORHUA L;
ATLANTIC; BEHAVIOR
AB The diel vertical migration (DVM) of Pacific cod Gadus macrocephalus was examined using depth and temperature data from 250 recaptured archival tags deployed on G. macrocephalus in the eastern Bering Sea and in the Gulf of Alaska near Kodiak Island. DVM of two types, deeper during daytime (type I) and deeper during night-time (type II), occurred frequently (15-40% of all days) in G. macrocephalus released at all sites. Most individuals displayed both diel types, with each type of behaviour lasting up to 58 contiguous days, and day and night depth differences averaging c.8m. Despite high among-individual variability, the occurrence of DVM varied significantly with the release site, season (i.e. day-of-year) and bottom depth, with the trend in seasonal occurrence nearly opposite for type I compared to type II DVM. No significance could be attributed to G.macrocephalus fork length, sex or ambient (tag) temperature. Trends in the magnitude of G. macrocephalus depth change were observed, with increased movement often occurring during night-time, dawn and dusk, and at release sites where the bathymetry was more complex. Both type I and type II DVMs were attributed to foraging on prey species that also undergo DVM, and increased vertical movements of G. macrocephalus during crepuscular and night-time periods were attributed to more active foraging during dim-light conditions when G. macrocephalus can potentially exploit a sensory advantage over some of their prey. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Nichol, D. G.; Kotwicki, S.; Zimmermann, M.] NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Nichol, DG (reprint author), NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM dan.nichol@noaa.gov
NR 61
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 24
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-1112
EI 1095-8649
J9 J FISH BIOL
JI J. Fish Biol.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 83
IS 1
BP 170
EP 189
DI 10.1111/jfb.12160
PG 20
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 282ZK
UT WOS:000329213700012
PM 23808699
ER
PT J
AU Churnside, JH
McCarty, BJ
Lu, XM
AF Churnside, James H.
McCarty, Brandi J.
Lu, Xiaomei
TI Subsurface Ocean Signals from an Orbiting Polarization Lidar
SO REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE CALIPSO; CALIOP; ocean lidar; phytoplankton; polarization; lidar; ocean
color; chlorophyll
ID OCEANOGRAPHIC LIDAR; SCATTERING LAYERS; AIRBORNE LIDAR; SEA; BUBBLES;
TAIL; GULF; FISH
AB Detection of subsurface returns from the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) on the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) satellite were demonstrated. Despite the coarse range resolution of this aerosol lidar, evidence of subsurface scattering was observed as a delay and broadening of the cross-polarized signal relative to the co-polarized signal in the three near-surface range bins. These two effects contributed to an increased depolarization at the nominal depth of 25 m. These features were all correlated with near-surface chlorophyll concentrations. An increase in the depolarization was also seen at a depth of 50 m under certain conditions, suggesting that chlorophyll concentration at that depth could be estimated if an appropriate retrieval technique can be developed. At greater depths, the signal is dominated by the temporal response of the detectors, which was approximated by an analytical expression. The depolarization caused by aerosols in the atmosphere was calculated and eliminated as a possible artifact.
C1 [Churnside, James H.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[McCarty, Brandi J.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Lu, Xiaomei] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23666 USA.
RP Churnside, JH (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM james.h.churnside@noaa.gov; brandi.mccarty@noaa.gov; xiaomei.lu@nasa.gov
RI Churnside, James/H-4873-2013; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015
FU NASA [NNH10AO57I]
FX This work was partially supported by NASA under project number
NNH10AO57I. CALIOP data were obtained from NASA Langley Research Center
Atmospheric Science Data Center. MODIS AQUA chlorophyll concentrations
were obtained from NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. Chlorophyll
profiles were provided by the NOAA World Ocean Database. We would like
to thank Yongxiang Hu for helpful discussions.
NR 33
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 11
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2072-4292
J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL
JI Remote Sens.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 5
IS 7
BP 3457
EP 3475
DI 10.3390/rs5073457
PG 19
WC Remote Sensing
SC Remote Sensing
GA 274SH
UT WOS:000328626000016
ER
PT J
AU Schiros, T
Kladnik, G
Prezzi, D
Ferretti, A
Olivieri, G
Cossaro, A
Floreano, L
Verdini, A
Schenck, C
Cox, M
Gorodetsky, AA
Plunkett, K
Delongchamp, D
Nuckolls, C
Morgante, A
Cvetko, D
Kymissis, I
AF Schiros, Theanne
Kladnik, Gregor
Prezzi, Deborah
Ferretti, Andrea
Olivieri, Giorgia
Cossaro, Albano
Floreano, Luca
Verdini, Alberto
Schenck, Christine
Cox, Marshall
Gorodetsky, Alon A.
Plunkett, Kyle
Delongchamp, Dean
Nuckolls, Colin
Morgante, Alberto
Cvetko, Dean
Kymissis, Ioannis
TI Donor-Acceptor Shape Matching Drives Performance in Photovoltaics
SO ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE fullerenes; organic electronics; self-assemblies; solar cells;
supramolecular materials
ID ORGANIC SOLAR-CELLS; CHARGE-TRANSFER INTERACTIONS; RESONANT
PHOTOEMISSION; DEEXCITATION PROCESSES; TRANSFER DYNAMICS; DESIGN RULES;
EFFICIENCY; SYSTEMS; FULLERENES; MOLECULES
AB While the demonstrated power conversion efficiency of organic photovoltaics (OPVs) now exceeds 10%, new design rules are required to tailor interfaces at the molecular level for optimal exciton dissociation and charge transport in higher efficiency devices. We show that molecular shape-complementarity between donors and acceptors can drive performance in OPV devices. Using core hole clock (CHC) X-ray spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT), we compare the electronic coupling, assembly, and charge transfer rates at the interface between C-60 acceptors and flat- or contorted-hexabenzocorone (HBC) donors. The HBC donors have similar optoelectronic properties but differ in molecular contortion and shape matching to the fullerene acceptors. We show that shape-complementarity drives self-assembly of an intermixed morphology with a donor/acceptor (D/A) ball-and-socket interface, which enables faster electron transfer from HBC to C-60. The supramolecular assembly and faster electron transfer rates in the shape complementary heterojunction lead to a larger active volume and enhanced exciton dissociation rate. This work provides fundamental mechanistic insights on the improved efficiency of organic photovoltaic devices that incorporate these concave/convex D/A materials.
C1 [Schiros, Theanne] Columbia Univ, Energy Frontier Res Ctr, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Kladnik, Gregor; Cvetko, Dean] Univ Ljubljana, Fac Math & Phys, Dept Phys, Ljubljana 61000, Slovenia.
[Kladnik, Gregor; Olivieri, Giorgia; Cossaro, Albano; Floreano, Luca; Verdini, Alberto; Morgante, Alberto; Cvetko, Dean] Lab TASC IOM CNR, Area Ric, Trieste, Italy.
[Prezzi, Deborah; Ferretti, Andrea] CNR, Ist Nanosci, I-41125 Modena, Italy.
[Olivieri, Giorgia; Morgante, Alberto] Univ Trieste, Dept Phys, I-34123 Trieste, Italy.
[Schenck, Christine; Gorodetsky, Alon A.; Plunkett, Kyle; Nuckolls, Colin] Columbia Univ, Dept Chem, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Cox, Marshall; Kymissis, Ioannis] Columbia Univ, Dept Elect Engn, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Delongchamp, Dean] NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Morgante, A (reprint author), Lab TASC IOM CNR, Area Ric, Trieste, Italy.
EM morgante@iom.cnr.it; dean.cvetko@fmf.uni-lj.si
RI Ferretti, Andrea/D-4109-2009; Kymissis, Ioannis/A-5994-2010; Morgante,
Alberto/C-5199-2010; Prezzi, Deborah/E-8403-2010; VERDINI,
ALBERTO/H-6516-2013
OI Ferretti, Andrea/0000-0003-0855-2590; Kymissis,
Ioannis/0000-0001-7417-1759; Morgante, Alberto/0000-0001-9021-2944;
Prezzi, Deborah/0000-0002-7294-7450; VERDINI,
ALBERTO/0000-0001-8880-2080
FU Center for Re-Defining Photovoltaic Efficiency Through Molecule Scale
Control, an Energy Frontier Research Center; U.S. Department of Energy,
Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001085];
National Science Foundation [DGE-1144155]; NSEC at Columbia University;
Italian Academy at Columbia University; CNR Short Term Mobility Program
[0051392]; Slovenian Ministry of High education and Science (MIZKS) [J2
- 4287]; CEI University Network program; U.S. Department of Energy,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886];
[PRIN2008-prot.20087NX9Y7 002]; [PRIN-2006022847];
[FIRB-RBFR08FOAL_001]
FX The synchrotron-based experiments were performed at the ALOISA beamline
of the IOM-CNR Laboratory at the Elettra synchrotron light source in
Trieste, Italy, supported by the Italian government. This material is
based upon work supported as part of the Center for Re-Defining
Photovoltaic Efficiency Through Molecule Scale Control, an Energy
Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office
of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number
DE-SC0001085. (T.S., M.C., I.K., A.G., C.N., C.L.S., K.P.). Portions of
this research were supported by Grant No. PRIN2008-prot.20087NX9Y7 002
(A.M.), PRIN-2006022847 and FIRB-RBFR08FOAL_001 (A.F.). C.L.S. was
supported by a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship
under Grant number DGE-1144155. A.M. also gratefully acknowledges the
NSEC at Columbia University and the Italian Academy at Columbia
University for the warm hospitality and financial support during his
visits. D.P. acknowledges the CNR Short Term Mobility Program (prot.
AMMCNT-CNR n. 0051392) for supporting her visit. D.C. and G.K.
acknowledge partial financial support by Slovenian Ministry of High
education and Science (MIZKS project number J2 - 4287). G.K. and G.O.
acknowledge partial financial support during their stay in Trieste and
Ljubljana by the CEI University Network program (EU 2011). Computing
time was provided by CINECA and the Center for Functional Nanomaterials
at Brookhaven National Laboratory, supported by the U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No.
DE-AC02-98CH10886. Authors wish to thank Professor James T. Yardley of
Columbia's EFRC for useful discussions and comments on the manuscript.
NR 54
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 56
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1614-6832
EI 1614-6840
J9 ADV ENERGY MATER
JI Adv. Energy Mater.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 3
IS 7
BP 894
EP 902
DI 10.1002/aenm.201201125
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics
GA 261XO
UT WOS:000327698200011
ER
PT J
AU Shin, N
Richter, LJ
Herzing, AA
Kline, RJ
DeLongchamp, DM
AF Shin, Nayool
Richter, Lee J.
Herzing, Andrew A.
Kline, R. Joseph
DeLongchamp, Dean M.
TI Effect of Processing Additives on the Solidification of Blade-Coated
Polymer/Fullerene Blend Films via In-Situ Structure Measurements
SO ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE organic solar cell; P3HT; roll-to-roll; ellipsometry
ID HETEROJUNCTION SOLAR-CELLS; FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; POLY
3-HEXYLTHIOPHENE; SOLVENT ADDITIVES; CHARGE-TRANSPORT; PHASE-SEPARATION;
ALKANE DITHIOLS; THIN-FILM; PERFORMANCE; EFFICIENCY
AB The use of processing additives has emerged as a powerful approach for the optimization of active layer performance in organic photovoltaic devices. However, definitive physical mechanisms explaining the impact of additives have not yet been determined. To elucidate the role of additives, we have studied the time evolution of structure in polymer-fullerene films blade-coated from additive containing solutions using in-situ spectroscopic ellipsometry and UV-vis transmission. Additives that are poor solvents for poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT), such as 1,8-octanedithiol, and additives that are good solvents for P3HT, such as 1-chloronapthalene, both promote improved polymer order, phase segregation, and device performance. Regardless of the presence or type of additive, the polymer order develops under conditions of extreme supersaturation. Additives, regardless of whether they are solvents for P3HT, promote earlier polymer aggregation compared to additive - free solutions presumably by degrading the solvent quality. We find evidence that the details of the final film morphology may be linked to the influence of the substrate and long-time film plasticization in the cases of the non-solvent and solvent respectively.
C1 [Shin, Nayool; Richter, Lee J.; Herzing, Andrew A.; Kline, R. Joseph; DeLongchamp, Dean M.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Richter, LJ (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM lee.richter@nist.gov; dean.delongchamp@nist.gov
RI Kline, Regis/B-8557-2008; Richter, Lee/N-7730-2016
OI Richter, Lee/0000-0002-9433-3724
NR 56
TC 42
Z9 42
U1 9
U2 64
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1614-6832
EI 1614-6840
J9 ADV ENERGY MATER
JI Adv. Energy Mater.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 3
IS 7
BP 938
EP 948
DI 10.1002/aenm.201201027
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Physical; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science; Physics
GA 261XO
UT WOS:000327698200017
ER
PT J
AU Quinn, GD
Melandri, C
de Portu, G
AF Quinn, George D.
Melandri, Cesare
de Portu, Goffredo
TI Edge Chipping Resistance of Alumina/Zirconia Laminates
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID RESIDUAL-STRESSES; CERAMIC COMPOSITES; BRITTLE MATERIALS; BEHAVIOR;
TOUGHNESS; GEOMETRY; CRACKING
AB The edge chipping test was used to measure the fracture resistance of alumina/alumina-zirconia laminated structures. Tailored, symmetrical laminated structures were prepared with a variety of layer thickness. The laminates had a significantly greater edge chipping resistance. Laminates with thin layers were just as effective in impeding edge chips as laminates with thick layers.
C1 [Quinn, George D.] NIST, Paffenbarger Res Ctr, Amer Dent Assoc Fdn, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Melandri, Cesare; de Portu, Goffredo] Inst Sci & Technol Ceram CNR ISTEC, I-48018 Faenza, Italy.
RP Quinn, GD (reprint author), NIST, Paffenbarger Res Ctr, Amer Dent Assoc Fdn, Stop 854-6, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM geoq@nist.gov
FU United States National Institutes of Health [R01-DE17983]; National
Institute of Standards and Technology; ADAF Paffenbarger Research Center
FX The authors thank Roger Morrell at NPL, for some preliminary edge chip
testing that prompted this work. This work was supported in part by a
grant from the United States National Institutes of Health, R01-DE17983,
and the people and facilities at the National Institute of Standards and
Technology and the ADAF Paffenbarger Research Center. Tony Giuseppetti
assisted with specimen preparation and testing.
NR 36
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0002-7820
EI 1551-2916
J9 J AM CERAM SOC
JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 96
IS 7
BP 2283
EP 2291
DI 10.1111/jace.12380
PG 9
WC Materials Science, Ceramics
SC Materials Science
GA 254SR
UT WOS:000327187800094
ER
PT J
AU Corrigan, CM
Velbel, MA
Vicenzi, EP
Konicek, A
AF Corrigan, C. M.
Velbel, M. A.
Vicenzi, E. P.
Konicek, A.
TI NAKHLITE NWA 5790: MODAL MINERALOGY AND COMPARISON WITH THE REST OF THE
NAKHLITES
SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 76th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical-Society
CY JUL 29-AUG 02, 2013
CL Edmonton, CANADA
SP Meteorit Soc
C1 [Corrigan, C. M.] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Velbel, M. A.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Vicenzi, E. P.] Smithsonian Inst, Museum Conservat Inst, Suitland, MD USA.
[Konicek, A.] NIST, Surface & Microanal Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM corriganc@si.edu
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1086-9379
EI 1945-5100
J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI
JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 48
SU 1
SI SI
BP A96
EP A96
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 237JN
UT WOS:000325865800066
ER
PT J
AU Stroud, RM
Bassim, ND
Scott, K
Nittler, LR
Herd, CDK
AF Stroud, R. M.
Bassim, N. D.
Scott, K.
Nittler, L. R.
Herd, C. D. K.
TI TAGISH LAKE NANOGLOBULES IN 3D: IN SITU MICROSTRUCTURAL ANALYSIS WITH
FOCUSED ION BEAM TOMOGRAPHY
SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 76th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical-Society
CY JUL 29-AUG 02, 2013
CL Edmonton, CANADA
SP Meteorit Soc
C1 [Stroud, R. M.; Bassim, N. D.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Scott, K.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Nittler, L. R.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Washington, DC 20015 USA.
[Herd, C. D. K.] Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada.
RI Scott, Keana/J-5717-2015
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 4
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1086-9379
EI 1945-5100
J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI
JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 48
SU 1
SI SI
BP A328
EP A328
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 237JN
UT WOS:000325865800298
ER
PT J
AU Velbel, MA
Corrigan, CM
Vicenzi, EP
Konicek, AR
Lunning, N
AF Velbel, M. A.
Corrigan, C. M.
Vicenzi, E. P.
Konicek, A. R.
Lunning, N.
TI MODAL ABUNDANCES OF MAJOR PHASES IN THE MILLER RANGE 03346 MARS
METEORITE PAIRING GROUP AND COMPARISON WITH OTHER NAKHLITES
SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 76th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical-Society
CY JUL 29-AUG 02, 2013
CL Edmonton, CANADA
SP Meteorit Soc
C1 [Velbel, M. A.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Velbel, M. A.; Corrigan, C. M.; Lunning, N.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Vicenzi, E. P.] Smithsonian Inst, Museum Conservat Inst, Suitland, MD 20746 USA.
[Konicek, A. R.] NIST, Surface & Microanal Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Lunning, N.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM velbel@msu.edu
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1086-9379
EI 1945-5100
J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI
JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 48
SU 1
SI SI
BP A359
EP A359
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 237JN
UT WOS:000325865800329
ER
PT J
AU Myers, E
Ehrhart, EJ
Charles, B
Spraker, T
Gelatt, T
Duncan, C
AF Myers, E.
Ehrhart, E. J.
Charles, B.
Spraker, T.
Gelatt, T.
Duncan, C.
TI Apoptosis in Normal and Coxiella burnetii-Infected Placentas From
Alaskan Northern Fur Seals (Callorhinus ursinus)
SO VETERINARY PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE apoptosis; Callorhinus ursinus; caspase-3; Coxiella burnetii; northern
fur seal; placenta; (TDT)-mediated dUTP-digoxigenin nick end labeling
(TUNEL)
ID ST-PAUL ISLAND; CELLS
AB In 2010, Coxiella burnetii was identified in 75% of northern fur seal placentas from a single rookery in Alaska, but nothing was known about the significance of this organism in the population. Although many infectious organisms cause increased cell death, C. burnetii has been shown to suppress apoptosis of the host macrophages as an intracellular survival mechanism. To determine if infection induces a similar functional change in the placenta, immunohistochemistry for antibodies to cleaved caspase-3 (activated caspase-3) and the (TDT)-mediated dUTP-digoxigenin nick end labeling (TUNEL) technique were used to compare the amount of placental apoptosis in infected and noninfected placentas. There was a statistically significant difference in the frequency of apoptotic cells between infected and uninfected placentas, with more apoptosis identified in the uninfected placentas. This finding suggests that the survival mechanism of C. burnetii in host macrophages to reduce apoptosis may also be utilized in trophoblasts. The significance of decreased trophoblastic apoptosis for the northern fur seal fetus requires further investigation.
C1 [Myers, E.; Ehrhart, E. J.; Charles, B.; Spraker, T.; Duncan, C.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Gelatt, T.] Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA USA.
RP Duncan, C (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Diagnost Med Ctr, 300 West Drake Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM colleen.duncan@colostate.edu
FU Colorado State University, CVMBS Veterinary Summer Research Program;
National Marine Fisheries Service
FX E. Myers was supported by the Colorado State University, CVMBS
Veterinary Summer Research Program. Partial funding for this project was
provided by the National Marine Fisheries Service; all tissue samples
were collected under authority of US Marine Mammal Permit No. 782-1708,
issued to the National Marine Mammal Lab, Seattle, Washington.
NR 10
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 7
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 0300-9858
EI 1544-2217
J9 VET PATHOL
JI Vet. Pathol.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 50
IS 4
BP 622
EP 625
DI 10.1177/0300985812465323
PG 4
WC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences
GA 248MX
UT WOS:000326705600009
PM 23125144
ER
PT J
AU Cavdar, Z
Ulman, C
Kirkali, G
Baydur, H
Akdogan, GG
AF Cavdar, Z.
Ulman, C.
Kirkali, G.
Baydur, H.
Akdogan, G. G.
TI Careers and research performance of PhD Program Graduates of Health
Sciences in Turkey
SO FEBS JOURNAL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 38th Congress of the Federation-of-European-Biochemical-Societies (FEBS)
CY JUL 06-11, 2013
CL Saint Petersburg, RUSSIA
SP Federat European Biochemical Soc
C1 [Cavdar, Z.] Dokuz Eylul Univ, Grad Sch Hlth Sci, Dept Mol Med, Izmir, Turkey.
[Ulman, C.] Celal Bayar Univ, Fac Med, Dept Med Biochem, Manisa, Turkey.
[Kirkali, G.] NIST, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Baydur, H.] Celal Bayar Univ, Sch Hlth, Manisa, Turkey.
[Akdogan, G. G.] Dokuz Eylul Univ, Fac Med, Dept Med Biochem, Izmir, Turkey.
[Akdogan, G. G.] Grad Sch Hlth Sci, Dept Mol Med, Izmir, Turkey.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1742-464X
EI 1742-4658
J9 FEBS J
JI FEBS J.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 280
SU 1
SI SI
BP 625
EP 625
PG 1
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 238CV
UT WOS:000325919203490
ER
PT J
AU Egrilmez, MY
Inanc, S
Ozkaya, F
Salimi, R
Harmanci, D
Safari, R
Kirkali, G
Astarcioglu, I
Akdogan, GG
AF Egrilmez, M. Y.
Inanc, S.
Ozkaya, F.
Salimi, R.
Harmanci, D.
Safari, R.
Kirkali, G.
Astarcioglu, I.
Akdogan, G. G.
TI An outlook to journal publications from theses of MSc and PhD students
at Dokuz Eylul University Graduate School of Health Sciences
SO FEBS JOURNAL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 38th Congress of the Federation-of-European-Biochemical-Societies (FEBS)
CY JUL 06-11, 2013
CL Saint Petersburg, RUSSIA
SP Federat European Biochemical Soc
C1 [Egrilmez, M. Y.; Inanc, S.; Ozkaya, F.; Salimi, R.; Harmanci, D.; Safari, R.; Kirkali, G.; Akdogan, G. G.] Dokuz Eylul Univ, Grad Sch Hlth Sci, Dept Mol Med, Izmir, Turkey.
[Kirkali, G.; Akdogan, G. G.] Dokuz Eylul Univ, Dept Med Biochem, Fac Med, Izmir, Turkey.
[Kirkali, G.] NIST, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Astarcioglu, I.] Dokuz Eylul Univ, Grad Sch Hlth Sci, Fac Med, Izmir, Turkey.
[Astarcioglu, I.] Dokuz Eylul Univ, Dept Gen Surg, Fac Med, Izmir, Turkey.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1742-464X
EI 1742-4658
J9 FEBS J
JI FEBS J.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 280
SU 1
SI SI
BP 625
EP 626
PG 2
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 238CV
UT WOS:000325919203491
ER
PT J
AU Diem, JE
Brown, DP
McCann, J
AF Diem, Jeremy E.
Brown, David P.
McCann, Jessie
TI Multi-decadal changes in the North American monsoon anticyclone
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE synoptic; North American monsoon system; circulation; anticyclone
ID SOUTHWEST UNITED-STATES; GULF-OF-CALIFORNIA; SUMMER PRECIPITATION
REGIME; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; MOISTURE SURGES; RAINFALL;
REGIONALIZATION; REANALYSIS; BASIN
AB The purpose of this study was to assess trends in the intensity of the North American monsoon anticyclone over multiple decades from 1948 to 2010 during July and August, with a focus on the Lower Colorado River Basin (LCRB). The methodology included a 500 hPa geopotential-height regionalization of the monsoon-anticyclone domain (i.e. a large portion of the western United States and northern Mexico), a typing of 500 hPa circulation patterns over the LCRB, and an examination of multi-decadal trends as well as inter-epochal differences in geopotential heights and frequencies of synoptic types. Three regions (i.e. Northwest, Northeast, and South) were revealed that differed based on inter-annual variations in 500 hPa geopotential heights. The Northwest and South regions had significant increases in geopotential heights from 1948-1978 to 1980-2010. The synoptic types reflected the location of the monsoon anticyclone over the LCRB. The monsoon anticyclone intensified primarily over the northwestern region, which includes the LCRB, since the mid- to late 1970s. The anticyclone has thus been expanding over the LCRB. The anticyclone has been in a northern position, specifically a north-central position, over the basin more frequently over the past 30 years; conversely, the anticyclone has been in southern and eastern positions over the basin less frequently.
C1 [Diem, Jeremy E.] Georgia State Univ, Dept Geosci, Atlanta, GA 30302 USA.
[Brown, David P.] NOAA, Ft Worth, TX USA.
[McCann, Jessie] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Geog & Anthropol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
RP Diem, JE (reprint author), Georgia State Univ, Dept Geosci, POB 4105, Atlanta, GA 30302 USA.
EM jdiem@gsu.edu
NR 19
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 6
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0899-8418
EI 1097-0088
J9 INT J CLIMATOL
JI Int. J. Climatol.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 33
IS 9
BP 2274
EP 2279
DI 10.1002/joc.3576
PG 6
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 240MY
UT WOS:000326102200012
ER
PT J
AU Stuhl, BK
Yeo, M
Hummon, MT
Ye, J
AF Stuhl, Benjamin K.
Yeo, Mark
Hummon, Matthew T.
Ye, Jun
TI Electric-field-induced inelastic collisions between magnetically trapped
hydroxyl radicals
SO MOLECULAR PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE inelastic collisions; hydroxyl (OH) radicals; cold molecules;
non-adiabatic trap loss
ID DIPOLAR COLLISIONS; CHEMICAL-KINETICS; POLAR-MOLECULES; COMBUSTION;
BEAMS; COLD; GAS; MECHANISMS; ATOMS; OH
AB Inelastic collisions are observed between magnetically trapped neutral hydroxyl (OH center dot) radicals at a temperature of 45 mK in the presence of an electric field. The collision rate is measured over a range of electric fields from 0.2 to 10kV/cm. However, the two-body collision rates must be deconvolved from a novel electric-field induced non-adiabatic single particle loss, which arises from Landau-Zener crossings between energy surfaces at the plane where the electric field vector is transverse to the trapping magnetic field. The observed inelastic collision rate follows an approximate quadratic power law in the effective dipole moment.
C1 [Stuhl, Benjamin K.; Yeo, Mark; Hummon, Matthew T.; Ye, Jun] NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO USA.
[Stuhl, Benjamin K.; Yeo, Mark; Hummon, Matthew T.; Ye, Jun] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Stuhl, Benjamin K.; Yeo, Mark; Hummon, Matthew T.; Ye, Jun] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Ye, J (reprint author), NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO USA.
EM ye@jila.colorado.edu
RI Ye, Jun/C-3312-2011;
OI HUMMON, MATTHEW/0000-0002-3020-0500; Stuhl, Benjamin/0000-0003-0759-3323
FU NSF Physics Frontier Center; NIST; DOE; AFOSR; ARO MURIs on Cold
Molecules
FX We thank G. Quemener and J. L. Bohn for stimulating discussions. We
acknowledge funding from the NSF Physics Frontier Center, NIST, DOE, and
the AFOSR and ARO MURIs on Cold Molecules.
NR 45
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 12
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0026-8976
EI 1362-3028
J9 MOL PHYS
JI Mol. Phys.
PD JUL 1
PY 2013
VL 111
IS 12-13
SI SI
BP 1798
EP 1804
DI 10.1080/00268976.2013.793838
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 240CE
UT WOS:000326071500017
ER
PT J
AU Gorshkov, AV
Hazzard, KRA
Rey, AM
AF Gorshkov, Alexey V.
Hazzard, Kaden R. A.
Rey, Ana Maria
TI Kitaev honeycomb and other exotic spin models with polar molecules
SO MOLECULAR PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE polar molecules; spin models; quantum magnetism; dipole-dipole
interactions; Kitaev honeycomb model
ID LATTICE; ATOMS; GAS; ANYONS
AB We show that ultracold polar molecules pinned in an optical lattice can be used to access a variety of exotic spin models, including the Kitaev honeycomb model. Treating each molecule as a rigid rotor, we use DC electric and microwave fields to define superpositions of rotational levels as effective spin degrees of freedom, while dipole-dipole interactions give rise to interactions between the spins. In particular, we show that, with sufficient microwave control, the interaction between two spins can be written as a sum of five independently controllable Hamiltonian terms proportional to the five rank-2 spherical harmonics Y-2,Y- q(, phi), where (, phi) are the spherical coordinates of the vector connecting the two molecules. To demonstrate the potential of this approach beyond the simplest examples studied in [S.R. Manmana etal., Phys. Rev. B. 87, 081106 (2013)], we focus on the realisation of the Kitaev honeycomb model, which can support exotic non-Abelian anyonic excitations. We also discuss the possibility of generating spin Hamiltonians with arbitrary spin S, including those exhibiting SU(N=2S+1) symmetry.
C1 [Gorshkov, Alexey V.] CALTECH, Inst Quantum Informat & Matter, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Gorshkov, Alexey V.; Hazzard, Kaden R. A.; Rey, Ana Maria] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Kavli Inst Theoret Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Hazzard, Kaden R. A.; Rey, Ana Maria] NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Hazzard, Kaden R. A.; Rey, Ana Maria] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Gorshkov, AV (reprint author), CALTECH, Inst Quantum Informat & Matter, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM avgorshkov@gmail.com
RI Gorshkov, Alexey/A-9848-2008
OI Gorshkov, Alexey/0000-0003-0509-3421
FU NSF; IQIM; NRC; AFOSR; ARO; KITP; ARO-DARPA-OLE program; Lee A. DuBridge
foundation; Gordon and Betty Moore foundation
FX The authors thank S. Manmana, E.M. Stoudenmire, J. Preskill, J. Ye, D.
Jin, M. Lukin, N. Yao, J. Taylor, S. Stellmer, W. Campbell, P. Julienne,
E. Tiemann, M. Foss-Feig, M. Hermele, and V. Gurarie for discussions.
This work was supported by NSF, IQIM, NRC, AFOSR, ARO, KITP, the
ARO-DARPA-OLE program, and the Lee A. DuBridge and Gordon and Betty
Moore foundations. All authors thank KITP for hospitality. This
manuscript is the contribution of NIST and is not subject to US
copyright.
NR 75
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 8
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0026-8976
EI 1362-3028
J9 MOL PHYS
JI Mol. Phys.
PD JUL 1
PY 2013
VL 111
IS 12-13
SI SI
BP 1908
EP 1916
DI 10.1080/00268976.2013.800604
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 240CE
UT WOS:000326071500028
ER
PT J
AU Bohn, JL
Quemener, G
AF Bohn, John L.
Quemener, Goulven
TI Dipolar radicals in crossed electric and magnetic fields
SO MOLECULAR PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Hund's cases; molecules in electric and magnetic fields; ultracold
molecules
ID MOLECULES; STATES
AB Paramagnetic, dipolar Hund's case-a radicals are considered in the presence of arbitrary, non-collinear combinations of electric and magnetic fields. The field-dependent part of the Hamiltonian is found to exhibit a good quantum number, consisting of the projection of the molecule's total angular momentum along a space-fixed axis that is determined by both the fields and the electric and magnetic dipole moments of the molecule. This quantity remains good even when the fields are non-collinear. Exploiting this feature identifies a set of quantum numbers for the molecule in crossed fields. We dub this set a Hund's case-X' basis.
C1 [Bohn, John L.] NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Bohn, John L.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Quemener, Goulven] Univ Paris 11, CNRS, ENS Cachan, Aime Cotton Lab, F-91405 Orsay, France.
RP Bohn, JL (reprint author), NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM bohn@murphy.colorado.edu
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research under the Multidisciplinary
University Research Initiative Grant [FA9550-09-1-0588]
FX This study was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research
under the Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative Grant No.
FA9550-09-1-0588.
NR 11
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 4
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0026-8976
EI 1362-3028
J9 MOL PHYS
JI Mol. Phys.
PD JUL 1
PY 2013
VL 111
IS 12-13
SI SI
BP 1931
EP 1938
DI 10.1080/00268976.2013.783721
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 240CE
UT WOS:000326071500031
ER
PT J
AU Munir, S
Naz, T
Burhan, Z
Siddiqui, PJ
Morton, SL
AF Munir, S.
Naz, T.
Burhan, Z.
Siddiqui, P. J.
Morton, S. L.
TI THE IN SITU GROWTH RATE EXPERIMENT OF DINOFLAGELLATES BY SIZE
FRACTIONATED METHOD ALONG KARACHI COAST
SO PHYCOLOGIA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Munir, S.; Naz, T.; Burhan, Z.; Siddiqui, P. J.] Univ Karachi, Karachi 32, Pakistan.
[Morton, S. L.] NOAA, Washington, DC USA.
EM soniaku2003@gmail.com
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU INT PHYCOLOGICAL SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA NEW BUSINESS OFFICE, PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0031-8884
J9 PHYCOLOGIA
JI Phycologia
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 52
IS 4
SU S
MA 197
BP 75
EP 75
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 238QV
UT WOS:000325963600198
ER
PT J
AU Rines, J
McFarland, M
Donaghay, P
Sullivan, J
Churnside, J
AF Rines, J.
McFarland, M.
Donaghay, P.
Sullivan, J.
Churnside, J.
TI A MASSIVE AND UNUSUAL DIATOM BLOOM: ECOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY OF A RARELY
REPORTED PLANKTONIC HASLEA IN EAST SOUND, WASHINGTON, USA
SO PHYCOLOGIA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Rines, J.; McFarland, M.; Donaghay, P.] Univ Rhode Isl, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[Churnside, J.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Washington, DC USA.
EM jrines@mail.uri.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU INT PHYCOLOGICAL SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA NEW BUSINESS OFFICE, PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0031-8884
J9 PHYCOLOGIA
JI Phycologia
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 52
IS 4
SU S
MA 240
BP 91
EP 92
PG 2
WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 238QV
UT WOS:000325963600241
ER
PT J
AU Zimba, PV
Gutierrez, DG
Triemer, R
Bertin, MJ
O'Mara, SP
Huang, I
Moeller, PD
AF Zimba, P. V.
Gutierrez, D. G.
Triemer, R.
Bertin, M. J.
O'Mara, S. P.
Huang, I.
Moeller, P. D.
TI NEW MARINE SPECIES AND TOXINS FROM MARINE TEXAS WATERS
SO PHYCOLOGIA
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Zimba, P. V.; Gutierrez, D. G.; O'Mara, S. P.; Huang, I.] Texas A&M Univ Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX USA.
[Triemer, R.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Bertin, M. J.] Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA USA.
[Moeller, P. D.] NOAA, Washington, DC USA.
EM paul.zimba@tamucc.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU INT PHYCOLOGICAL SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA NEW BUSINESS OFFICE, PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0031-8884
J9 PHYCOLOGIA
JI Phycologia
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 52
IS 4
SU S
MA 335
BP 127
EP 127
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 238QV
UT WOS:000325963600336
ER
PT J
AU Previdi, M
Liepert, BG
Peteet, D
Hansen, J
Beerling, DJ
Broccoli, AJ
Frolking, S
Galloway, JN
Heimann, M
Le Quere, C
Levitus, S
Ramaswamy, V
AF Previdi, M.
Liepert, B. G.
Peteet, D.
Hansen, J.
Beerling, D. J.
Broccoli, A. J.
Frolking, S.
Galloway, J. N.
Heimann, M.
Le Quere, C.
Levitus, S.
Ramaswamy, V.
TI Climate sensitivity in the Anthropocene
SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Review
DE climate sensitivity; radiative forcing; radiative feedbacks; carbon
cycle; Anthropocene
ID SEA-LEVEL; CARBON-DIOXIDE; EARTH-SYSTEM; ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGE; METHANE
EMISSIONS; SOIL RESPIRATION; NITROGEN-CYCLE; MASS-LOSS; FEEDBACKS;
TEMPERATURE
AB Climate sensitivity in its most basic form is defined as the equilibrium change in global surface temperature that occurs in response to a climate forcing, or externally imposed perturbation of the planetary energy balance. Within this general definition, several specific forms of climate sensitivity exist that differ in terms of the types of climate feedbacks they include. Based on evidence from Earth's history, we suggest here that the relevant form of climate sensitivity in the Anthropocene (e.g. from which to base future greenhouse gas (GHG) stabilization targets) is the Earth system sensitivity including fast feedbacks from changes in water vapour, natural aerosols, clouds and sea ice, slower surface albedo feedbacks from changes in continental ice sheets and vegetation, and climate-GHG feedbacks from changes in natural (land and ocean) carbon sinks. Traditionally, only fast feedbacks have been considered (with the other feedbacks either ignored or treated as forcing), which has led to estimates of the climate sensitivity for doubled CO2 concentrations of about 3 degrees C. The 2xCO(2) Earth system sensitivity is higher than this, being approximate to 4-6 degrees C if the ice sheet/vegetation albedo feedback is included in addition to the fast feedbacks, and higher still if climate-GHG feedbacks are also included. The inclusion of climate-GHG feedbacks due to changes in the natural carbon sinks has the advantage of more directly linking anthropogenic GHG emissions with the ensuing global temperature increase, thus providing a truer indication of the climate sensitivity to human perturbations. The Earth system climate sensitivity is difficult to quantify due to the lack of palaeo-analogues for the present-day anthropogenic forcing, and the fact that ice sheet and climate-GHG feedbacks have yet to become globally significant in the Anthropocene. Furthermore, current models are unable to adequately simulate the physics of ice sheet decay and certain aspects of the natural carbon and nitrogen cycles. Obtaining quantitative estimates of the Earth system sensitivity is therefore a high priority for future work.
C1 [Previdi, M.; Peteet, D.] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
[Liepert, B. G.] NW Res Associates Inc, Redmond, WA USA.
[Peteet, D.; Hansen, J.] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA.
[Hansen, J.] Columbia Univ, Earth Inst, New York, NY USA.
[Beerling, D. J.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Anim & Plant Sci, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England.
[Broccoli, A. J.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Environm Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA.
[Frolking, S.] Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Earth Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Galloway, J. N.] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA.
[Heimann, M.] Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, D-07745 Jena, Germany.
[Le Quere, C.] Univ E Anglia, Tyndall Ctr Climate Change Res, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England.
[Levitus, S.] NOAA, Natl Oceanog Data Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Ramaswamy, V.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
RP Previdi, M (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, 61 Route 9W, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
EM mprevidi@ldeo.columbia.edu
RI Broccoli, Anthony/D-9186-2014; Beerling, David/C-2840-2009; Heimann,
Martin/H-7807-2016; Le Quere, Corinne/C-2631-2017
OI Broccoli, Anthony/0000-0003-2619-1434; Beerling,
David/0000-0003-1869-4314; Heimann, Martin/0000-0001-6296-5113; Le
Quere, Corinne/0000-0003-2319-0452
FU LDEO/GISS Climate Center
FX We thank two anonymous reviewers whose comments significantly improved
the manuscript. We also thank Reto Knutti, Susan Solomon and Steve
Schwartz for helpful comments on an earlier version of the manuscript.
This work was funded by a grant from the LDEO/GISS Climate Center, and
was motivated by discussions that took place at a meeting titled
'Climate Sensitivity Extremes: Assessing the Risk' that was held at NASA
GISS during April 2010.
NR 87
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U1 5
U2 78
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0035-9009
EI 1477-870X
J9 Q J ROY METEOR SOC
JI Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 139
IS 674
BP 1121
EP 1131
DI 10.1002/qj.2165
PN A
PG 11
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 240MV
UT WOS:000326101800001
ER
PT J
AU Palacios, DM
Hazen, EL
Schroeder, ID
Bograd, SJ
AF Palacios, Daniel M.
Hazen, Elliott L.
Schroeder, Isaac D.
Bograd, Steven J.
TI Modeling the temperature-nitrate relationship in the coastal upwelling
domain of the California Current
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
DE temperature-nitrate relationship; oxygen-nitrate relationship; nutrient
supply in upwelling ecosystems; California current system; generalized
additive models (GAMs); residual analysis
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; REMOTE-SENSING DATA; CURRENT SYSTEM; UPPER
OCEAN; PACIFIC; CHLOROPHYLL; PHOSPHATE; ECOSYSTEM; SILICATE
AB Given the importance of nitrate in sustaining high primary production and fishery yields in eastern boundary current ecosystems, it is desirable to know the amounts of this nutrient reaching the euphotic zone through the upwelling process. Because such measurements are not routinely available, we developed predictive models of water-column (0-200 m) nitrate based on temperature for a region of the California Current System (30-47 degrees N) within 50 km from the coast. Prediction was done using generalized additive models based on a compilation of 37,607 observations collected over the period 1959-2004 and validated with a separate set of 6430 observations for the period 2005-2011. A temperature-only model had relatively high explanatory power (explained deviance, D-2=71.6%) but contained important depth, latitudinal, and seasonal biases. A model incorporating salinity in addition to temperature (D-2=91.2%) corrected for the latitudinal and depth biases but not the seasonal bias. The best model included oxygen, temperature, and salinity (D-2=96.6%) and adequately predicted nitrate temporal behavior at two widely separated locations (44 degrees 39.1N and 32 degrees 54.6N) with slight or no bias [root-mean-square error (RMSE)=2.39 and 0.40 mu M, respectively). For situations when only temperature is available, a model including depth, month, and latitude as proxy covariates corrects some of the biases, but it had lower predictive skill (RMSE=2.50 and 5.22 M, respectively). The results of this study have applications for the proxy derivation of nitrate availability for primary producers (phytoplankton, macroalgae) in upwelling regions and for biogeochemical and ecosystem modeling studies.
C1 [Palacios, Daniel M.; Hazen, Elliott L.; Schroeder, Isaac D.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Marine Sci, Cooperat Inst Marine Ecosyst & Climate, Div Phys & Biol Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Palacios, Daniel M.; Hazen, Elliott L.; Schroeder, Isaac D.; Bograd, Steven J.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Div Environm Res, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA, Pacific Grove, CA 93940 USA.
RP Palacios, DM (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Div Environm Res, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA, 1352 Lighthouse Ave, Pacific Grove, CA 93940 USA.
EM Daniel.Palacios@noaa.gov
RI Hazen, Elliott/G-4149-2014
OI Palacios, Daniel/0000-0001-7069-7913; Hazen, Elliott/0000-0002-0412-7178
FU U.S. GLOBEC Northeast Pacific program; NOAA Fisheries and the
Environment (FATE) program
FX This study was initially motivated by discussions with Frank Schwing and
Roy Mendelssohn. The LTOP nutrient data were collected by Pat Wheeler
(College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University)
and are distributed through the U. S. GLOBEC Data System. John Largier
(Bodega Marine Laboratory, University of California at Davis) and
Richard Dugdale and Al Marchi (Romberg Tiburon Center, San Francisco
State University) kindly provided access to the CoOP/WEST data set.
William T. Peterson (NOAA/NMFS, Northwest Fisheries Science Center) and
Jay Peterson (Cooperative Institute for Marine Resource Studies, Oregon
State University) generously contributed the NH-25 data to this project.
We thank Xuemei Qiu for programming assistance. Support came from a
grant from the U.S. GLOBEC Northeast Pacific program and from the NOAA
Fisheries and the Environment (FATE) program. This is U.S. GLOBEC
contribution No. 729. The manuscript benefited from comments by Andrew
W. Leising, Paul C. Fiedler, Richard C. Dugdale, and two anonymous
reviewers.
NR 46
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Z9 10
U1 0
U2 19
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 7
BP 3223
EP 3239
DI 10.1002/jgrc.20216
PG 17
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 224KY
UT WOS:000324885400001
ER
PT J
AU McMillan, JR
Liermann, MC
Starr, J
Pess, GR
Augerot, X
AF McMillan, John R.
Liermann, Martin C.
Starr, James
Pess, George R.
Augerot, Xan
TI Using a Stream Network Census of Fish and Habitat to Assess Models of
Juvenile Salmonid Distribution
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID COHO SALMON; ONCORHYNCHUS-KISUTCH; LANDSCAPE CHARACTERISTICS; SPATIAL
AUTOCORRELATION; CUTTHROAT TROUT; WASHINGTON STREAMS; SEASONAL-CHANGES;
ATLANTIC SALMON; CHINOOK SALMON; LARGE-SCALE
AB We censused juvenile salmonids and stream habitat over two consecutive summers to test the ability of habitat models to explain the distribution of juvenile Coho Salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch, young-of-the-year (age-0) steelhead O. mykiss, and steelhead parr (age 1) within a network consisting of several different-sized streams. Our network-scale habitat models explained 27, 11, and 19% of the variation in density of juvenile Coho Salmon, age-0 steelhead, and steelhead parr, respectively, but strong levels of spatial autocorrelation were typically present in the residuals. Explanatory power of base habitat models increased and spatial autocorrelation decreased with the sequential inclusion of variables accounting for the effects of stream size, year, stream, reach location, and a tertiary interaction term. Stream-scale models were highly variable. Fish-habitat associations were rarely linear and ranged from negative to positive; the variable accounting for location of the habitat within a stream was often more important than the habitat variables. The limited success of our network-scale models was apparently related to variation in the strength and shape of fish-habitat associations across and within streams and years. These results indicate that there are several potential limitations to extrapolating models to broader areas based only on spatially limited surveys. Received October 11, 2012; accepted March 21, 2013
C1 [McMillan, John R.; Liermann, Martin C.; Pess, George R.] NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Augerot, Xan] Marys River Watershed Council, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
RP McMillan, JR (reprint author), NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM john.mcmillan@noaa.gov
FU Wild Salmon Center; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
(NOAA) Northwest Fisheries Science Center; NOAA Open Rivers Initiative
FX Project funding was provided by the Wild Salmon Center, the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Northwest Fisheries
Science Center, and the NOAA Open Rivers Initiative. Sincere thanks goes
to Guido Rahr of the Wild Salmon Center for his fundraising and support.
The field work portion of the study was conducted by J. R. McMillan and
J. Starr while employed by the Wild Salmon Center. We also thank Phil
DeCillis and Jim Jacoby for helping us to access some of the streams,
and we are grateful to Steve Katz, Gordie Reeves, Becky Flitcroft, Dave
Hockman-Wert, Phil Roni, Tom Quinn, Jason Dunham, and Bill McMillan for
providing helpful suggestions and reviews on early versions of the
manuscript. Use of trade or firm names is for reader information only
and does not constitute endorsement of any product or service by the
U.S. Government.
NR 80
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U1 2
U2 21
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 520 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
EI 1548-8659
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD JUL 1
PY 2013
VL 142
IS 4
BP 942
EP 956
DI 10.1080/00028487.2013.790846
PG 15
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 220VB
UT WOS:000324613900006
ER
PT J
AU Krueger, DM
Rutherford, ES
Mason, DM
AF Krueger, Damon M.
Rutherford, Edward S.
Mason, Doran M.
TI Modeling the Influence of Parr Predation by Walleyes and Brown Trout on
the Long-Term Population Dynamics of Chinook Salmon in Lake Michigan: A
Stage Matrix Approach
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; JUVENILE SALMONIDS; RECREATIONAL FISHERIES;
COLUMBIA RIVER; STRIPED BASS; SEASONAL MOVEMENTS; NORTHERN SQUAWFISH;
ATLANTIC SALMON; PACIFIC SALMON; FISH COMMUNITY
AB Predation events during ontogeny may have long-term consequences for fish population abundance and variability. We used a stage-based matrix model to evaluate Walleye Sander vitreus and Brown Trout Salmo trutta predation on Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha parr of the Muskegon River stock and the relative influence of parr predation on the long-term population dynamics and recruitment of Chinook Salmon in Lake Michigan. The model predicted the number of Chinook Salmon individuals in each stage (fry, smolts, and lake age 0 [recruits] through lake age 4) and forecasted population trajectories based on demographic data (e.g., survival, growth, and fecundity). The relative influence of parr predation was compared with influences of environmental stochasticity in the egg stage and Alewife Alosa pseudoharengus abundance (prey for lake-stage salmon) on Chinook Salmon fecundity, recruitment, and population growth. To simulate environmental stochasticity and the influence of Alewife abundance, we varied Chinook Salmon stage-specific survival rates, growth rates, maturity schedule, and carrying capacity. Relative to a baseline recruitment scenario, removal of stocked Brown Trout resulted in a significant increase in parr survival and long-term Chinook Salmon abundance. Walleye predation on parr had little apparent influence on Chinook Salmon population dynamics. Predation on parr during out-migration was positively correlated with variation in Chinook Salmon population stability and was negatively correlated with population growth, suggesting that Brown Trout have a significant negative effect on Chinook Salmon recruitment and long-term population stability. The negative effects of variation in egg survival rates and Alewife abundance on Chinook Salmon recruitment and population growth rates were similar to the negative effects from parr predation scenarios. Our study suggests that management decisions to promote Great Lakes Chinook Salmon populations may require evaluation of trout stocking practices in nursery habitats. Received October 9, 2012; accepted April 15, 2013
C1 [Krueger, Damon M.] Fisheries Res Inst, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Rutherford, Edward S.; Mason, Doran M.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
RP Krueger, DM (reprint author), Fisheries Res Inst, 1109 North Univ Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM damonkr@umich.edu
OI Mason, Doran/0000-0002-6017-4243; Rutherford, Edward/0000-0002-7282-6667
FU Great Lakes Fishery Trust; Rackham School of Graduate Studies,
University of Michigan; School of Natural Resources and Environment,
University of Michigan; MDNR
FX Funding and support for this study were provided by the Great Lakes
Fishery Trust; the Rackham School of Graduate Studies, University of
Michigan; the School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of
Michigan; and MDNR. We are grateful to Lori Ivan for her assistance with
field collections and model parameterization. We also thank James Diana,
Deborah Goldberg, and anonymous reviewers for manuscript edits and the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Great Lakes
Environmental Research Laboratory for office space. This is Contribution
Number 2012-1664 from the NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research
Laboratory.
NR 75
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U1 4
U2 27
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 520 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
EI 1548-8659
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD JUL 1
PY 2013
VL 142
IS 4
BP 1101
EP 1113
DI 10.1080/00028487.2013.797496
PG 13
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 220VB
UT WOS:000324613900020
ER
PT J
AU Lucey, SM
Duffy, WJ
Adams, E
Marshall, H
Nichols, O
Thompson, K
AF Lucey, Sean M.
Duffy, William J.
Adams, Erin
Marshall, Heather
Nichols, Owen
Thompson, Katherine
TI Scientific Communication for Natural Resource Professionals
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 [Lucey, Sean M.; Duffy, William J.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Adams, Erin; Marshall, Heather; Nichols, Owen; Thompson, Katherine] Univ Massachusetts Dartmouth, Sch Marine Sci & Technol, New Bedford, MA 02744 USA.
RP Lucey, SM (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
EI 1548-8659
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD JUL 1
PY 2013
VL 142
IS 4
BP 1154
EP 1155
DI 10.1080/00028487.2013.810015
PG 2
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 220VB
UT WOS:000324613900027
ER
PT J
AU Silva, RA
West, JJ
Zhang, YQ
Anenberg, SC
Lamarque, JF
Shindell, DT
Collins, WJ
Dalsoren, S
Faluvegi, G
Folberth, G
Horowitz, LW
Nagashima, T
Naik, V
Rumbold, S
Skeie, R
Sudo, K
Takemura, T
Bergmann, D
Cameron-Smith, P
Cionni, I
Doherty, RM
Eyring, V
Josse, B
MacKenzie, IA
Plummer, D
Righi, M
Stevenson, DS
Strode, S
Szopa, S
Zeng, G
AF Silva, Raquel A.
West, J. Jason
Zhang, Yuqiang
Anenberg, Susan C.
Lamarque, Jean-Francois
Shindell, Drew T.
Collins, William J.
Dalsoren, Stig
Faluvegi, Greg
Folberth, Gerd
Horowitz, Larry W.
Nagashima, Tatsuya
Naik, Vaishali
Rumbold, Steven
Skeie, Ragnhild
Sudo, Kengo
Takemura, Toshihiko
Bergmann, Daniel
Cameron-Smith, Philip
Cionni, Irene
Doherty, Ruth M.
Eyring, Veronika
Josse, Beatrice
MacKenzie, I. A.
Plummer, David
Righi, Mattia
Stevenson, David S.
Strode, Sarah
Szopa, Sophie
Zeng, Guang
TI Global premature mortality due to anthropogenic outdoor air pollution
and the contribution of past climate change
SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE climate change; air pollution; ozone; particulate matter; human health;
premature mortality
ID INTERCOMPARISON PROJECT ACCMIP; ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; TROPOSPHERIC
OZONE; HEALTH IMPACTS; EXPOSURE; PREINDUSTRIAL; SIMULATIONS; DISEASE;
BURDEN; EMISSIONS
AB Increased concentrations of ozone and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) since preindustrial times reflect increased emissions, but also contributions of past climate change. Here we use modeled concentrations from an ensemble of chemistry-climate models to estimate the global burden of anthropogenic outdoor air pollution on present-day premature human mortality, and the component of that burden attributable to past climate change. Using simulated concentrations for 2000 and 1850 and concentration-response functions (CRFs), we estimate that, at present, 470 000 (95% confidence interval, 140 000 to 900 000) premature respiratory deaths are associated globally and annually with anthropogenic ozone, and 2.1 (1.3 to 3.0) million deaths with anthropogenic PM2.5-related cardiopulmonary diseases (93%) and lung cancer (7%). These estimates are smaller than ones from previous studies because we use modeled 1850 air pollution rather than a counterfactual low concentration, and because of different emissions. Uncertainty in CRFs contributes more to overall uncertainty than the spread of model results. Mortality attributed to the effects of past climate change on air quality is considerably smaller than the global burden: 1500 (-20 000 to 27 000) deaths yr(-1) due to ozone and 2200 (-350 000 to 140 000) due to PM2.5. The small multi-model means are coincidental, as there are larger ranges of results for individual models, reflected in the large uncertainties, with some models suggesting that past climate change has reduced air pollution mortality.
C1 [Silva, Raquel A.; West, J. Jason; Zhang, Yuqiang] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
[Anenberg, Susan C.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20004 USA.
[Lamarque, Jean-Francois] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, NCAR Earth Syst Lab, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
[Shindell, Drew T.; Faluvegi, Greg] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA.
[Shindell, Drew T.; Faluvegi, Greg] Columbia Earth Inst, New York, NY USA.
[Collins, William J.] Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Reading, Berks, England.
[Dalsoren, Stig; Skeie, Ragnhild] Ctr Int Climate & Environm Res Oslo, CICERO, Oslo, Norway.
[Folberth, Gerd; Rumbold, Steven] Hadley Ctr Climate Predict, Met Off, Exeter, Devon, England.
[Horowitz, Larry W.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Nagashima, Tatsuya] Natl Inst Environm Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
[Naik, Vaishali] UCAR NOAA Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Sudo, Kengo] Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Environm Studies, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan.
[Takemura, Toshihiko] Kyushu Univ, Appl Mech Res Inst, Fukuoka 8168580, Japan.
[Bergmann, Daniel; Cameron-Smith, Philip] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA.
[Cionni, Irene] Agenzia Nazl Nuove Tecnol Energia & Sviluppo Econ, Bologna, Italy.
[Doherty, Ruth M.; MacKenzie, I. A.; Stevenson, David S.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch GeoSci, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Eyring, Veronika; Righi, Mattia] Deutsch Zentrum Luft & Raumfahrt DLR, Inst Phys Atmosphare, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany.
[Josse, Beatrice] CNRS Ctr Natl Rech Meteorolg, Meteo France, GAME CNRM, Toulouse, France.
[Plummer, David] Environm Canada, Canadian Ctr Climate Modeling & Anal, Victoria, BC, Canada.
[Strode, Sarah] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Strode, Sarah] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD USA.
[Szopa, Sophie] LSCE CEA CNRS UVSQ, Lab Sci Climat & Environm, Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Zeng, Guang] Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res, Lauder, New Zealand.
RP West, JJ (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
EM jjwest@email.unc.edu
RI Lamarque, Jean-Francois/L-2313-2014; Stevenson, David/C-8089-2012;
Takemura, Toshihiko/C-2822-2009; Cameron-Smith, Philip/E-2468-2011;
Kyushu, RIAM/F-4018-2015; West, Jason/J-2322-2015; Collins,
William/A-5895-2010; Righi, Mattia/I-5120-2013; Szopa,
Sophie/F-8984-2010; Shindell, Drew/D-4636-2012; Horowitz,
Larry/D-8048-2014; Bergmann, Daniel/F-9801-2011; Naik,
Vaishali/A-4938-2013; Strode, Sarah/H-2248-2012; U-ID,
Kyushu/C-5291-2016; Eyring, Veronika/O-9999-2016; Zhang,
Yuqiang/P-2682-2016; Zhang, Yuqiang/C-5027-2015;
OI Lamarque, Jean-Francois/0000-0002-4225-5074; Stevenson,
David/0000-0002-4745-5673; Takemura, Toshihiko/0000-0002-2859-6067;
Cameron-Smith, Philip/0000-0002-8802-8627; West,
Jason/0000-0001-5652-4987; Collins, William/0000-0002-7419-0850; Szopa,
Sophie/0000-0002-8641-1737; Horowitz, Larry/0000-0002-5886-3314;
Bergmann, Daniel/0000-0003-4357-6301; Naik,
Vaishali/0000-0002-2254-1700; Strode, Sarah/0000-0002-8103-1663; Eyring,
Veronika/0000-0002-6887-4885; Zhang, Yuqiang/0000-0002-9161-7086; Zhang,
Yuqiang/0000-0002-9161-7086; Folberth, Gerd/0000-0002-1075-440X; Skeie,
Ragnhild/0000-0003-1246-4446; Righi, Mattia/0000-0003-3827-5950
FU Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)
[SFRH/BD/62759/2009]; International Council for Clean Transportation
FX This work was supported by fellowship SFRH/BD/62759/2009 (to RAS) from
the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), and by the
International Council for Clean Transportation. Acknowledgments of
funding for the modeling groups participating in ACCMIP can be found in
previous publications (e.g., Lamarque et al 2013).
NR 33
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U1 19
U2 140
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1748-9326
J9 ENVIRON RES LETT
JI Environ. Res. Lett.
PD JUL-SEP
PY 2013
VL 8
IS 3
AR UNSP 034005
DI 10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/034005
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 229FL
UT WOS:000325247100011
ER
PT J
AU Takahashi, K
Hartinger, MD
Angelopoulos, V
Glassmeier, KH
Singer, HJ
AF Takahashi, Kazue
Hartinger, Michael D.
Angelopoulos, Vassilis
Glassmeier, Karl-Heinz
Singer, Howard J.
TI Multispacecraft observations of fundamental poloidal waves without
ground magnetic signatures
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Standing Alfven waves; fundamental poloidal mode; THEMIS
ID STANDING HYDROMAGNETIC-WAVES; MORNINGSIDE PLASMA SHEET; GIANT PULSATION
EVENT; RING CURRENT; ULF WAVES; ALFVEN WAVES; GEOMAGNETIC-PULSATIONS;
MAGNETOMETER ARRAY; SYNCHRONOUS ORBIT; TRAPPED PARTICLES
AB Poloidal standing Alfven waves observed by spacecraft usually have a second harmonic standing wave structure. On very rare occasions, fundamental poloidal waves have been observed in association with giant pulsations observed on the ground. In this paper, we report multisatellite observations of fundamental poloidal waves that did not produce any clearly associated magnetic pulsations on the ground. The waves were observed on 10 November 2008, at similar to 1830 Universal Time (UT) at THEMIS-A and THEMIS-D and at similar to 2010 UT at THEMIS-E as these spacecraft passed L similar to 11 and magnetic local time (MLT) similar to 0900. The GOES-11 geostationary satellite (L similar to 7) also observed poloidal waves at similar to 1730 UT when it was at similar to 0900 MLT. The poloidal waves at THEMIS were characterized by narrow-band oscillations (frequency similar to 4 mHz) of the ion bulk velocity and magnetic field in the radial direction. We identify the waves at THEMIS to be the fundamental mode on the basis of the wave properties observed slightly south of the magnetic equator: large velocity amplitude, small magnetic field amplitude, and similar to 90 degrees phase delay of the magnetic field relative to the velocity. The azimuthal wave number is found to be similar to 70 (if we assume westward propagation) or similar to 200 (if we assume eastward propagation) from the phase delay between THEMIS-A and THEMIS-D. This wave number explains why there were no corresponding magnetic field oscillations on the ground. These observations imply that only a subset of fundamental poloidal waves excited in the magnetosphere is observed on the ground as giant pulsations.
C1 [Takahashi, Kazue] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
[Hartinger, Michael D.] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Angelopoulos, Vassilis] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA.
[Angelopoulos, Vassilis] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA.
[Glassmeier, Karl-Heinz] Tech Univ Carolo Wilhelmina Braunschweig, Inst Geophys & Extraterr Phys, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
[Glassmeier, Karl-Heinz] Max Planck Inst Solar Syst Res, Katlenburg Lindau, Germany.
[Singer, Howard J.] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Natl Ctr Environm Predict, Natl Weather Serv, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Takahashi, K (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, 11100 Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
EM kazue.takahashi@jhuapl.edu
RI Hartinger, Michael/H-9088-2012
OI Hartinger, Michael/0000-0002-2643-2202
FU Canadian Space Agency; NASA [NNX10AK93G, NNX13AE02G]; National Science
Foundation [AGS-1230398]; German Ministerium fur Wirtschaft und
Technologie; Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft und Raumfahrt [50QP0402]
FX The authors thank I. R. Mann, D. K. Milling, and the rest of the CARISMA
team for data used in Figure 15. CARISMA is operated by the University
of Alberta and funded by the Canadian Space Agency. The work by KT was
financially supported by NASA grants NNX10AK93G and NNX13AE02G. The work
by MDH was financially supported by the National Science Foundation
under Award AGS-1230398. The work by K-HG was financially supported by
the German Ministerium fur Wirtschaft und Technologie and the Deutsches
Zentrum fur Luft und Raumfahrt under grant 50QP0402.
NR 78
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U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 118
IS 7
BP 4319
EP 4334
DI 10.1002/jgra.50405
PG 16
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 226YN
UT WOS:000325073600034
ER
PT J
AU Kitchen, BB
Verdal, N
Udovic, TJ
Rush, JJ
Hartman, MR
DeVries, DJ
AF Kitchen, Brian B.
Verdal, Nina
Udovic, Terrence J.
Rush, John J.
Hartman, Michael R.
DeVries, Daniel J.
TI Investigation of an unusual low-temperature phase transformation in
RbBH4 by neutron diffraction
SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Borohydrides; Phase transitions; Neutron powder diffraction; Neutron
vibrational spectroscopy
ID ALKALI BOROHYDRIDES; TRANSITIONS
AB To investigate the previously reported low-temperature phase transition in rubidium borohydride (RbBH4) near 48.5 K, we carried out neutron powder diffraction and vibrational spectroscopy measurements both above and below this temperature on an isotopically-enriched sample of (RbBD4)-B-11. Our diffraction data reflected an average cubic Fm (3) over barm structure with BD4- anion orientational disorder at all temperatures, with no hint of extra Bragg peaks due to long-range orientational order below the transition temperature as reported by others. These structural results and careful analysis of torsional vibrations in RbBD4 corroborate the results of prior neutron vibrational spectroscopy measurements suggesting that the low-temperature RbBH4 structure indeed possesses some orientational ordering of the BH4- anions, but of a shorter-ranged nature insensitive to powder diffraction methods. (c) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kitchen, Brian B.; Hartman, Michael R.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Verdal, Nina; Udovic, Terrence J.; Rush, John J.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Verdal, Nina; Rush, John J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[DeVries, Daniel J.] Delft Univ Technol, NL-2629 JB Delft, Netherlands.
RP Verdal, N (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM nina.verdal@nist.gov
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-EE0002978]; National Science Foundation
[DMR-0944772]
FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Energy through
Grant No. DE-EE0002978 and utilized facilities supported in part by the
National Science Foundation under Agreement No. DMR-0944772. We thank
Dr. Deepak Singh and his team for help planning and executing the
experiment on SPINS.
NR 15
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 6
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0022-4596
J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM
JI J. Solid State Chem.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 203
BP 51
EP 54
DI 10.1016/j.jssc.2013.04.004
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 228MG
UT WOS:000325190300008
ER
PT J
AU Katzberg, SJ
Dunion, J
Ganoe, GG
AF Katzberg, Stephen J.
Dunion, Jason
Ganoe, George G.
TI The use of reflected GPS signals to retrieve ocean surface wind speeds
in tropical cyclones
SO RADIO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE GPS reflection
ID GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM; SEA-SURFACE; AIRCRAFT; DROPWINDSONDE;
HURRICANES; SCATTERING
AB Since the first intentional acquisition of GPS signals reflected from water bodies, one of the objectives which has driven the research is to determine whether the acquired signal can provide useful geophysical information about the reflecting surface. One obvious condition of considerable interest is ocean surface wind speed. Theory suggested that the reflection technique, a form of bistatic RADAR, would be sensitive to surface roughness which in turn is driven by wind speed. This paper reports the results derived from data acquired over the past decade of applying the GPS reflection technique to ocean surface winds, particularly ocean surface winds in tropical cyclones. Examples of wind speed retrievals will be given for some illustrative cases of hurricanes and tropical storms. The results from several hurricanes and tropical storms on how the signal was calibrated will be presented. In addition, a quantitative comparison will be given between dropsondes deployed by NOAA during the storms and GPS reflection derived wind speeds taken at the same time. Conditions in which the GPS technique offers excellent comparisons as well as examples where the comparison is not so good will be presented. Suggestions will be given as to when the GPS technique can be used with confidence and when it is likely to be at variance with other methods.
C1 [Katzberg, Stephen J.; Ganoe, George G.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
[Dunion, Jason] Univ Miami, CIMAS, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA.
[Dunion, Jason] NOAA, Hurricane Res Div, AOML, Miami, FL USA.
RP Katzberg, SJ (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
EM Stephen.J.Katzberg@nasa.gov
RI Dunion, Jason/B-1352-2014
OI Dunion, Jason/0000-0001-7489-0569
NR 29
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0048-6604
J9 RADIO SCI
JI Radio Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 48
IS 4
BP 371
EP 387
DI 10.1002/rds.20042
PG 17
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications
GA 224WF
UT WOS:000324921400002
ER
PT J
AU Yizengaw, E
Doherty, P
Fuller-Rowell, T
AF Yizengaw, Endawoke
Doherty, Patricia
Fuller-Rowell, Tim
TI Is Space Weather Different Over Africa, and If So, Why? An AGU Chapman
Conference Report
SO SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE space weather; ionospheric irregularities; atmosphere ionosphere
interactions
ID EQUATORIAL
C1 [Yizengaw, Endawoke; Doherty, Patricia] Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, Chestnut Hill, MA 02167 USA.
[Fuller-Rowell, Tim] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Fuller-Rowell, Tim] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Washington, DC 20230 USA.
RP Yizengaw, E (reprint author), Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, Chestnut Hill, MA 02167 USA.
EM Tim.Fuller-Rowell@noaa.gov
RI Yizengaw, Endawoke/I-3471-2015
OI Yizengaw, Endawoke/0000-0001-5772-3355
NR 3
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1542-7390
J9 SPACE WEATHER
JI Space Weather
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 11
IS 7
BP 389
EP 391
DI 10.1002/swe.20063
PG 3
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
GA 231MR
UT WOS:000325421400003
ER
PT J
AU Neal, JJ
Rodger, CJ
Green, JC
AF Neal, Jason J.
Rodger, Craig J.
Green, Janet C.
TI Empirical determination of solar proton access to the atmosphere: Impact
on polar flight paths
SO SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE solar proton events; polar cap absorption; POES spacecraft
ID ENERGETIC PARTICLE EVENTS; CUTOFF RIGIDITY MODEL; ENVIRONMENT;
ABSORPTION; FLARE
AB Violent expulsions on the Sun's surface release high energy solar protons that ultimately affect HF communication used by aircraft. The geomagnetic field screens the low altitude equatorial region, but these protons can access the atmosphere over the poles. The latitudes over which the solar protons can reach vary with geomagnetic indices such as Kp and Dst. In this study we use observations from low Earth orbit to determine the atmospheric access of solar protons and hence the flights paths most likely to be affected. Observations taken by up to six polar orbiting satellites during 15 solar proton events are analyzed. From this we determine 16,850 proton rigidity cutoff estimates across three energy channels. Empirical fits are undertaken to estimate the most likely behavior of the cutoff dependence with geomagnetic activity. The changing Kp value is found to lead the variation in the cutoffs by similar to 3h. We provide simple equations by which the geomagnetic latitude at which the protons impact the atmosphere can be determined from a given Kp or Dst value. The variation found in the cutoff with Kp is similar to that used in existing operational models, although we suggest that a similar to 1-2 degrees equatorward shift in latitude would provide greater accuracy. We find that a Kp predictive model can provide additional warning to the variation in proton cutoffs. Hence, a prediction of the cutoff latitudes can be made similar to 3h to as much as 7h into the future, meeting suggested minimum planning times required by the aviation industry.
C1 [Neal, Jason J.; Rodger, Craig J.] Univ Otago, Dept Phys, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.
[Green, Janet C.] NOAA, Natl Geophys Data Ctr, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
RP Rodger, CJ (reprint author), Univ Otago, Dept Phys, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.
EM crodger@physics.otago.ac.nz
RI Rodger, Craig/A-1501-2011;
OI Rodger, Craig/0000-0002-6770-2707; Neal, Jason James/0000-0003-0390-9896
FU New Zealand Marsden Fund
FX J. N. and C. J. R. were partly supported by the New Zealand Marsden
Fund. The authors would like to thank the researchers and engineers of
NOAA's Space Environment Center for the provision of the data and the
operation of the SEM-2 instrument carried onboard these spacecraft, and
the staff of FlightAware of Houston, Texas for providing flight paths
through their website, FlightAware.com.
NR 43
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1542-7390
J9 SPACE WEATHER
JI Space Weather
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 11
IS 7
BP 420
EP 433
DI 10.1002/swe.20066
PG 14
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
GA 231MR
UT WOS:000325421400007
ER
PT J
AU Machol, JL
Reinard, AA
Viereck, RA
Biesecker, DA
AF Machol, Janet L.
Reinard, Alysha A.
Viereck, Rodney A.
Biesecker, Douglas A.
TI Identification and replacement of proton-contaminated real-time ACE
solar wind measurements
SO SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE solar wind measurements; ACE satellite; space weather; space radiation
environment
ID ADVANCED COMPOSITION EXPLORER; MONITOR
AB Real-time solar wind speed measurements derived from measurements by the Solar Wind Electron, Proton, and Alpha Monitor (SWEPAM) aboard the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) satellite are critical to specifying and forecasting current space weather and its impacts. When solar energetic protons produce high background levels in SWEPAM, the real-time solar wind speed measurements can be corrupted due to errors in the onboard algorithm. We analyzed 14years of ACE real-time solar wind data for the years 1998 through 2011 to determine how to identify the contaminated measurements and what proxy might be substituted for these corrupt data. We find that good criteria for flagging contaminated data are that (1) the measured solar wind speeds are below 305kms(-1), and (2) the >10MeV ion fluxes measured by the ACE Solar Isotope Spectrometer (SIS) are above 180 pfu. We also compare several potential proxies for the contaminated solar wind and determine that the best proxy depends on the last valid measured wind speed, v(initial), and the duration of the contamination period. For the first 25 h, the best proxy is simply v(initial). At later times, if v(initial)<400kms(-1), then v(initial) continues to be the best proxy, while if v(initial)>400kms(-1), the best proxy is a linear function of the Kp geomagnetic index.
C1 [Machol, Janet L.] NOAA, NGDC, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Machol, Janet L.; Reinard, Alysha A.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Reinard, Alysha A.; Viereck, Rodney A.; Biesecker, Douglas A.] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Machol, JL (reprint author), NOAA, NGDC, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM janet.machol@noaa.gov
RI Machol, Janet/D-5896-2016
OI Machol, Janet/0000-0002-0344-0314
NR 19
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1542-7390
J9 SPACE WEATHER
JI Space Weather
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 11
IS 7
BP 434
EP 440
DI 10.1002/swe.20070
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
GA 231MR
UT WOS:000325421400008
ER
PT J
AU Sunday, DF
Hammond, MR
Wang, CQ
Wu, WL
Kline, RJ
Stein, GE
AF Sunday, Daniel F.
Hammond, Matthew R.
Wang, Chengqing
Wu, Wen-li
Kline, R. Joseph
Stein, Gila E.
TI Three-dimensional x-ray metrology for block copolymer lithography
line-space patterns
SO JOURNAL OF MICRO-NANOLITHOGRAPHY MEMS AND MOEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE lithography; metrology; semiconductors
ID THIN-FILMS; INTERFACIAL INTERACTIONS; CROSS-SECTION; SCATTERING; ANGLE;
TRANSITION; ORIENTATION; FEATURES; SHAPE; REAL
AB We report on the development of a new measurement method, resonant critical-dimension small-angle x-ray scattering (res-CDSAXS), for the characterization of the buried structure of block copolymers (BCP) used in directed self assembly (DSA). We use resonant scattering at the carbon edge to enhance the contrast between the two polymer blocks and allow the determination of the three-dimensional shape of the native lamella in a line-space pattern by CDSAXS. We demonstrate the method by comparing the results from conventional CDSAXS to res-CDSAXS on a 1:1 DSA BCP sample with a nominal 50-nm pitch. The res-CDSAXS method provides substantially improved uncertainty in the fit of the line shape and allows the determination of the buried structure. (C) 2013 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)
C1 [Sunday, Daniel F.; Hammond, Matthew R.; Wang, Chengqing; Wu, Wen-li; Kline, R. Joseph] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Stein, Gila E.] Univ Houston, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Houston, TX 77004 USA.
RP Sunday, DF (reprint author), NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM rjkline@nist.gov
RI Kline, Regis/B-8557-2008; Stein, Gila/P-1927-2016
OI Stein, Gila/0000-0002-3973-4496
FU U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX Portions of this work were performed at the DuPont-Northwestern-Dow
Collaborative Access Team (DND-CAT) located at Sector 5 of the APS.
DND-CAT is supported by E. I. DuPont de Nemours & Co., The Dow Chemical
Company and Northwestern University. Use of the APS, an Office of
Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the
U.S. DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The ALS is supported by
the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the
U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. We thank
Steven Weigand and Denis Keane for assistance at sector 5-ID-D and
Anthony Young and Cheng Wang for assistance at BL 11.0.1.2.
NR 32
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 27
PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA
SN 1932-5150
J9 J MICRO-NANOLITH MEM
JI J. Micro-Nanolithogr. MEMS MOEMS
PD JUL-SEP
PY 2013
VL 12
IS 3
AR 031103
DI 10.1117/1.JMM.12.3.031103
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Optics
GA 224BT
UT WOS:000324857000003
ER
PT J
AU Choi, KK
Ray, J
Griffiths, J
Bae, TS
AF Choi, Kevin K.
Ray, Jim
Griffiths, Jake
Bae, Tae-Suk
TI Evaluation of GPS orbit prediction strategies for the IGS Ultra-rapid
products
SO GPS SOLUTIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE GPS; GNSS; Orbit modeling; Ultra-rapid; IGS; Orbit prediction
ID SATELLITES; MODEL
AB The International GNSS Service (IGS) provides Ultra-rapid GPS & GLONASS orbits every 6 h. Each product is composed of 24 h of observed orbits with predicted orbits for the next 24 h. We have studied how the orbit prediction performance varies as a function of the arc length of the fitted observed orbits and the parameterization strategy used to estimate the empirical solar radiation pressure (SRP) effects. To focus on the dynamical aspects of the problem, nearly ideal conditions have been adopted by using IGS Rapid orbits and known earth rotation parameters (ERPs) as observations. Performance was gauged by comparison with Rapid orbits as truth by examining WRMS and median orbit differences over the first 6-h and the full 24-h prediction intervals, as well as the stability of the Helmert frame alignment parameters. Two versions of the extended SRP orbit model developed by the Centre for Orbit Determination in Europe (CODE) were tested. Adjusting all nine SRPs (offsets plus once-per-revolution sines and cosines in each satellite-centered frame direction) for each satellite shows smaller mean sub-daily, scale, and origin translation differences. On the other hand, eliminating the four once-per-revolution SRP parameters in the sun-ward and the solar panel axis directions yields orbit predictions that are much more rotationally stable. We found that observed arc lengths of 40-45 h produce the most stable and accurate predictions during 2010. A combined strategy of rotationally aligning the 9 SRP results to the 5 SRP frame should give optimal predictions with about 13 mm mean WRMS residuals over the first 6 h and 50 mm over 24 h. Actual Ultra-rapid performance will be degraded due to the unavoidable rotational errors from ERP predictions.
C1 [Choi, Kevin K.; Griffiths, Jake] NOAA, Natl Geodet Survey, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Ray, Jim] NOAA, Natl Geodet Survey, Geosci Res Div, GPS Projects, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Bae, Tae-Suk] Sejong Univ, Seoul, South Korea.
RP Choi, KK (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Geodet Survey, Silver Spring, MD USA.
EM kevin.choi@noaa.gov
NR 17
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 15
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1080-5370
J9 GPS SOLUT
JI GPS Solut.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 17
IS 3
BP 403
EP 412
DI 10.1007/s10291-012-0288-2
PG 10
WC Remote Sensing
SC Remote Sensing
GA 211KD
UT WOS:000323904900012
ER
PT J
AU Griffiths, J
Ray, JR
AF Griffiths, J.
Ray, Jim R.
TI Sub-daily alias and draconitic errors in the IGS orbits
SO GPS SOLUTIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Draconitic; Diurnal; Semidiurnal; EOP tides; Error; GPS; IGS; Satellite;
Orbits
ID GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM; EARTH ROTATION; SEMIDIURNAL VARIATIONS; VLBI
OBSERVATIONS; GPS; MODEL
AB Harmonic signals with a fundamental period near the GPS draconitic year (351.2 days) and overtones up to at least the sixth multiple have been observed in the power spectra of nearly all products of the International GNSS Service (IGS), including station position time series, apparent geocenter motions, orbit jumps between successive days, and midnight discontinuities in earth orientation parameter (EOP) rates. Two main mechanisms have been suggested for the harmonics: mismodeling of orbit dynamics and aliasing of near-sidereal local station multipath effects. Others have studied the propagation of local multipath errors into draconitic position variations, but orbit-related processes have been less examined. We elaborate our earlier analysis of GPS day-boundary orbit discontinuities where we observed some draconitic features as well as prominent spectral bands near 29-, 14-, 9-, and 7-day periods. Finer structures within the sub-seasonal bands fall close to the expected alias frequencies for 24-h sampling of sub-daily EOP tide lines but do not coincide precisely. While once-per-revolution empirical orbit parameters should strongly absorb any sub-daily EOP tide errors due to near-resonance of their respective periods, the observed differences require explanation. This has been done by simulating EOP tidal errors and checking their impact on a long series of estimated daily GPS orbits and EOPs. Indeed, simulated tidal aliases are found to be very similar to the observed IGS orbital features in the sub-seasonal bands. Moreover and unexpectedly, some low draconitic harmonics were also produced, potentially a source for the widespread errors in most IGS products. The results from this study are further evidence for the need of an improved sub-daily EOP tide model.
C1 [Griffiths, J.] NOAA, Natl Geodet Survey, CORS Branch, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Griffiths, J.] NOAA, Natl Geodet Survey, Anal Ctr, IGS, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Ray, Jim R.] NOAA, Natl Geodet Survey, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Griffiths, J (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Geodet Survey, 1315 East West Highway, Silver Spring, MD USA.
EM jake.griffiths@noaa.gov
NR 46
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 13
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1080-5370
J9 GPS SOLUT
JI GPS Solut.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 17
IS 3
BP 413
EP 422
DI 10.1007/s10291-012-0289-1
PG 10
WC Remote Sensing
SC Remote Sensing
GA 211KD
UT WOS:000323904900013
ER
PT J
AU Williams, DF
Young, AC
Urteaga, M
AF Williams, Dylan F.
Young, Adam C.
Urteaga, Miguel
TI A Prescription for Sub-Millimeter-Wave Transistor Characterization
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON TERAHERTZ SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE bisbenzocyclobutene (BCB); BCB-based monomers; calibration; scattering
parameters; sub-millimeter-wave; transistor; uncertainty; vector network
analyzer
ID CALIBRATION ALGORITHM; INP; DESIGN
AB In this paper, we present an approach for characterizing transistors embedded in microstrip lines formed on a thin bisbenzocyclobutene-based (BCB) monomers film at sub-millimeter-wave wavelengths. We demonstrate the approach at frequencies up to 750 GHz and estimate the uncertainty of the procedure.
C1 [Williams, Dylan F.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Young, Adam C.; Urteaga, Miguel] Teledyne Sci Co, Thousand Oaks, CA 91360 USA.
RP Williams, DF (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM dylan@boulder.nist.gov
FU U.S. government
FX Work supported by U.S. government, not subject to U.S. copyright. The
views, opinions, and/or findings contained in this article are those of
the author and should not be interpreted as representing the official
views or policies, either expressed or implied, of either the Defense
Advanced Research Projects Agency or the Department of Defense.
NR 15
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 3
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 2156-342X
J9 IEEE T THZ SCI TECHN
JI IEEE Trans. Terahertz Sci. Technol.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 3
IS 4
BP 433
EP 439
DI 10.1109/TTHZ.2013.2255332
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA 210MD
UT WOS:000323836700016
ER
PT J
AU Brothers, LL
Van Dover, CL
German, CR
Kaiser, CL
Yoerger, DR
Ruppel, CD
Lobecker, E
Skarke, AD
Wagner, JKS
AF Brothers, L. L.
Van Dover, C. L.
German, C. R.
Kaiser, C. L.
Yoerger, D. R.
Ruppel, C. D.
Lobecker, E.
Skarke, A. D.
Wagner, J. K. S.
TI Evidence for extensive methane venting on the southeastern U.S. Atlantic
margin
SO GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID BIOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES; GAS; DIAPIR; OCEAN
AB We present the first evidence for widespread seabed methane venting along the southeastern United States Atlantic margin beyond the well-known Blake Ridge diapir seep. Recent ship- and autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV)-collected data resolve multiple water-column anomalies (>1000 m height) and extensive new chemosynthetic seep communities at the Blake Ridge and Cape Fear diapirs. These results indicate that multiple, highly localized fluid conduits punctuate the areally extensive Blake Ridge gas hydrate province, and enable the delivery of significant amounts of methane to the water column. Thus, there appears to be an abundance of seabed fluid flux not previously ascribed to the Atlantic margin of the United States.
C1 [Brothers, L. L.; Ruppel, C. D.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Van Dover, C. L.; Wagner, J. K. S.] Duke Marine Lab, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
[German, C. R.; Kaiser, C. L.; Yoerger, D. R.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Lobecker, E.; Skarke, A. D.] Off Ocean Explorat & Res, NOAA, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
RP Brothers, LL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 384 Woods Hole Rd, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM lbrothers@usgs.gov
OI Skarke, Adam/0000-0002-3843-5152; Ruppel, Carolyn/0000-0003-2284-6632
FU National Science Foundation [OCE 1031050]; NOAA Office of Ocean
Exploration and Research (OER); U.S. Department of Energy NETL/NRC
Methane Hydrate Fellowship [DE-FC26-05NT42248]
FX Expedition EX1205L1 was supported by National Science Foundation grant
OCE 1031050 (Van Dover) and the NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and
Research (OER). A U.S. Department of Energy NETL/NRC Methane Hydrate
Fellowship (DE-FC26-05NT42248) supported Brothers. We thank the Sentry
engineering and NOAA OER expedition teams and the crew of the Okeanos
Explorer; W. Dillon, D. Foster, and C. Paull for helpful discussions;
and W. Baldwin, M. Hornbach, and two anonymous reviewers for suggestions
on the manuscript. Mention of trade names does not imply U.S. Government
endorsement of commercial products.
NR 24
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 27
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0091-7613
J9 GEOLOGY
JI Geology
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 41
IS 7
BP 807
EP 810
DI 10.1130/G34217.1
PG 4
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA 203EB
UT WOS:000323272400022
ER
PT J
AU Kjelstrup, S
Haynes, WM
AF Kjelstrup, Signe
Haynes, William M.
TI Expanded Focus on Non-equilibrium Thermodynamics
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Kjelstrup, Signe] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
[Haynes, William M.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Kjelstrup, S (reprint author), Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Chem, Realfagbygget D3, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
EM signe.kjelstrup@nt.ntnu.no; william.haynes@nist.gov
RI Kjelstrup, Signe/E-2590-2012; Kjelstrup, Signe/F-9346-2014
OI Kjelstrup, Signe/0000-0003-1235-5709
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 10
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0195-928X
J9 INT J THERMOPHYS
JI Int. J. Thermophys.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 34
IS 7
BP 1167
EP 1168
DI 10.1007/s10765-013-1489-9
PG 2
WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical; Mechanics; Physics, Applied
SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Mechanics; Physics
GA 208ES
UT WOS:000323660400001
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, XR
Bronstein, H
Kronemeijer, AJ
Smith, J
Kim, Y
Kline, RJ
Richter, LJ
Anthopoulos, TD
Sirringhaus, H
Song, K
Heeney, M
Zhang, WM
McCulloch, I
DeLongchamp, DM
AF Zhang, Xinran
Bronstein, Hugo
Kronemeijer, Auke J.
Smith, Jeremy
Kim, Youngju
Kline, R. Joseph
Richter, Lee J.
Anthopoulos, Thomas D.
Sirringhaus, Henning
Song, Kigook
Heeney, Martin
Zhang, Weimin
McCulloch, Iain
DeLongchamp, Dean M.
TI Molecular origin of high field-effect mobility in an
indacenodithiophene-benzothiadiazole copolymer
SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID THIN-FILM TRANSISTORS; HIGH-PERFORMANCE; CHARGE-TRANSPORT;
SEMICONDUCTING POLYMERS; CONJUGATED POLYMER; REGIOREGULAR
POLY(3-HEXYLTHIOPHENE); CARRIER MOBILITY; SIDE-CHAINS; SOLAR-CELLS;
ORDER
AB One of the most inspiring and puzzling developments in the organic electronics community in the last few years has been the emergence of solution-processable semiconducting polymers that lack significant long-range order but outperform the best, high-mobility, ordered semiconducting polymers to date. Here we provide new insights into the charge-transport mechanism in semiconducting polymers and offer new molecular design guidelines by examining a state-of-the-art indacenodithiophene-benzothiadiazole copolymer having field-effect mobility of up to 3.6 cm(2) V-1 s(-1) with a combination of diffraction and polarizing spectroscopic techniques. Our results reveal that its conjugated planes exhibit a common, comprehensive orientation in both the non-crystalline regions and the ordered crystallites, which is likely to originate from its superior backbone rigidity. We argue that charge transport in high-mobility semiconducting polymers is quasi one-dimensional, that is, predominantly occurring along the backbone, and requires only occasional intermolecular hopping through short p-stacking bridges.
C1 [Zhang, Xinran; Kline, R. Joseph; DeLongchamp, Dean M.] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Bronstein, Hugo] UCL, Dept Chem, London WC1H 0AJ, England.
[Kronemeijer, Auke J.; Sirringhaus, Henning] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England.
[Smith, Jeremy; Kim, Youngju; Anthopoulos, Thomas D.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Phys, London SW7 2AZ, England.
[Smith, Jeremy; Kim, Youngju; Anthopoulos, Thomas D.; Heeney, Martin; Zhang, Weimin; McCulloch, Iain] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Ctr Plast Elect, London SW7 2AZ, England.
[Kim, Youngju; Song, Kigook] Kyung Hee Univ, Mat Res Ctr Informat Display, Yongin 446701, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea.
[Richter, Lee J.] NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Heeney, Martin; Zhang, Weimin; McCulloch, Iain] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Chem, London SW7 2AZ, England.
RP McCulloch, I (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Chem, London SW7 2AZ, England.
EM i.mcculloch@imperial.ac.uk; dean.delongchamp@nist.gov
RI Richter, Lee/N-7730-2016; Kline, Regis/B-8557-2008; Heeney,
Martin/O-1916-2013; Zhang, Xinran/D-2908-2014; bronstein,
hugo/O-6142-2015
OI Richter, Lee/0000-0002-9433-3724; Sirringhaus,
Henning/0000-0001-9827-6061; Heeney, Martin/0000-0001-6879-5020;
NR 51
TC 135
Z9 135
U1 14
U2 185
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2041-1723
J9 NAT COMMUN
JI Nat. Commun.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 4
AR 2238
DI 10.1038/ncomms3238
PG 9
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 208YH
UT WOS:000323718300003
PM 23900027
ER
PT J
AU McAllister, TP
Sadek, F
Gross, JL
Averill, JD
Gann, RG
AF McAllister, Therese P.
Sadek, Fahim
Gross, John L.
Averill, Jason D.
Gann, Richard G.
TI Overview of the Structural Design of World Trade Center 1, 2, and 7
Buildings
SO FIRE TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE World Trade Center; Failure investigations; Building collapse;
Structural design
AB This paper summarizes the primary structural systems that comprised World Trade Center (WTC) 1, 2, and 7, which were destroyed in the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. There were four major structural subsystems in the towers: the exterior walls, the core, the floor system, and the hat truss. The major structural systems within WTC 7 were the foundation, exterior moment frames, floor system, interior columns, and column transfer trusses and girders. At the time of design and construction, the WTC towers were innovative in many ways, and resulted in a tremendous increase of open-plan commercial office space in downtown Manhattan. As the first of four papers, this paper summarizes the structural and passive fire protection features of each building, and focuses on the structural systems which played a critical role in the outcome of the attacks of September 11, 2001. Three companion papers address the effects of aircraft impact damage on the WTC towers and debris damage on WTC 7, the effects of fire on the three buildings, and how these events contributed to building collapse by describing the contribution of key structural systems to the overall building behavior and collapse, such as the floor systems and hat trusses in WTC 1 and WTC 2 and the floor connections around Column 79 in WTC 7.
C1 [McAllister, Therese P.; Sadek, Fahim; Gross, John L.; Averill, Jason D.; Gann, Richard G.] NIST, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Averill, JD (reprint author), NIST, Engn Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jason.averill@nist.gov
NR 15
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 11
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0015-2684
J9 FIRE TECHNOL
JI Fire Technol.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 49
IS 3
SI SI
BP 587
EP 613
DI 10.1007/s10694-012-0285-6
PG 27
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 200GK
UT WOS:000323055900002
ER
PT J
AU McAllister, TP
Sadek, F
Gross, JL
Kirkpatrick, S
MacNeill, RA
Bocchieri, RT
Zarghamee, M
Erbay, OO
Sarawit, AT
AF McAllister, Therese P.
Sadek, Fahim
Gross, John L.
Kirkpatrick, Steven
MacNeill, Robert A.
Bocchieri, Robert T.
Zarghamee, Mehdi
Erbay, Omer O.
Sarawit, Andrew T.
TI Structural Analysis of Impact Damage to World Trade Center Buildings 1,
2, and 7
SO FIRE TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE World Trade Center; Structural fire effects; Impact damage; Structural
analysis; Failure analysis; Global collapse
ID TOWERS; COLLAPSE
AB The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) conducted an extensive investigation of the collapse of World Trade Center towers (WTC 1 and WTC 2) and the WTC 7 building. This paper describes the reconstruction of impact damage to each of the WTC buildings, as well as analytical studies related to the WTC building collapses. In addition, data and evidence that were collected, tests of the floor truss systems in the WTC towers that were conducted, the overall structural analysis approach, and the development of the collapse hypotheses are discussed to provide a basis for the impact analyses and the fire and structural response analyses in a companion paper. Three companion papers address the primary structural systems of the WTC towers and WTC 7, the effects of fire on the three buildings, and how these events contributed to building collapse. The papers provide an overview of the complex and extensive investigations undertaken by NIST at a level of detail that has scientific merit but presents key aspects from the voluminous official reports at a level suitable for the technical literature. The aircraft impact damage to structural members and their passive fire protection in WTC 1 and 2 were estimated through detailed aircraft impact simulations. The impact damage to WTC 7 was estimated from photographs after the collapse of WTC 1, where falling debris damaged the southwest corner of WTC 7. Based on the aircraft impact simulation, over half of the exterior columns on the north face of WTC 1 were severed and approximately 20% of the core columns were severed or heavily damaged. Spray-applied fire resistive material (SFRM) was dislodged by direct debris impact over five floors (Floors 94 to 98). WTC 2 structural damage was concentrated on the east side of the building. Over half of the exterior columns on the south face were severed and approximately 25% of the core columns were severed or heavily damaged. SFRM was dislodged by direct debris impact over six floors (Floors 78 to 83). WTC 7 was structurally damaged by debris from the collapse of WTC 1. Photographic evidence showed that seven exterior columns were severed near the southwest corner at the lower floors. Unlike the towers, the SFRM in WTC 7 likely remained intact except for local areas around the debris impact damage at the southwest corner. All three buildings were stable with the impact damage, but the WTC 2 building section above the aircraft impact damage leaned to the east and south.
C1 [McAllister, Therese P.; Sadek, Fahim; Gross, John L.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Kirkpatrick, Steven; MacNeill, Robert A.; Bocchieri, Robert T.] Appl Res Associates, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA.
[Zarghamee, Mehdi; Erbay, Omer O.; Sarawit, Andrew T.] Simpson Gumpertz & Heger Inc, Waltham, MA 02453 USA.
RP McAllister, TP (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM therese.mcallister@nist.gov
OI Kirkpatrick, Steven/0000-0001-9590-7980
NR 29
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 14
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0015-2684
J9 FIRE TECHNOL
JI Fire Technol.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 49
IS 3
SI SI
BP 615
EP 642
DI 10.1007/s10694-012-0286-5
PG 28
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 200GK
UT WOS:000323055900003
ER
PT J
AU Gann, RG
Hamins, A
McGrattan, K
Nelson, HE
Ohlemiller, TJ
Prasad, KR
Pitts, WM
AF Gann, Richard G.
Hamins, Anthony
McGrattan, Kevin
Nelson, Harold E.
Ohlemiller, Thomas J.
Prasad, Kuldeep R.
Pitts, William M.
TI Reconstruction of the Fires and Thermal Environment in World Trade
Center Buildings 1, 2, and 7
SO FIRE TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Fire; Fire modeling; Fire model validation; Fire safety; Fire test;
World Trade Center
ID DYNAMICS
AB The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) conducted an extensive investigation of the collapse of the three tall World Trade Center (WTC) buildings. A central part of this investigation was the reconstruction and understanding of the initiation and spread of the fires. This paper describes the reconstruction of the fires, the thermal environment they created within the buildings, and the raising of the temperatures of the structural components. NIST analyzed thousands of documents, interviews, photographs, and videos to obtain information on the layout of the floors and the progress of the fires. Experiments provided information on the factors likely to have determined the fire growth. Simulations using the Fire Dynamics Simulator gave good agreement with the fire spread as observed at the windows. Imposition of the probable thermal environment on the structural steel produced maps of the probable temperature profile of the steel as the fires progressed. For WTC 1 and WTC 2, even in the vicinity of the fires, it was unlikely that the columns and floor trusses with intact insulation heated to temperatures where significant loss of strength occurred. This was in part due to the short time between aircraft impact and building collapse. There were regions of the towers in which the loss of structural strength of floors and columns, whose insulation had been damaged by aircraft impact, was likely. For WTC 7, even though the insulation was intact, the long periods of heating resulted in floor components whose temperatures exceeded 600 degrees C, but columns did not exceed 300 degrees C.
C1 [Gann, Richard G.; Hamins, Anthony; McGrattan, Kevin; Nelson, Harold E.; Ohlemiller, Thomas J.; Prasad, Kuldeep R.; Pitts, William M.] NIST, Fire Res Div, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Gann, RG (reprint author), NIST, Fire Res Div, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM rggann@nist.gov
NR 25
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 16
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0015-2684
J9 FIRE TECHNOL
JI Fire Technol.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 49
IS 3
SI SI
BP 679
EP 707
DI 10.1007/s10694-012-0288-3
PG 29
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 200GK
UT WOS:000323055900006
ER
PT J
AU McAllister, TP
Gross, JL
Sadek, F
Kirkpatrick, S
MacNeill, RA
Zarghamee, M
Erbay, OO
Sarawit, AT
AF McAllister, Therese P.
Gross, John L.
Sadek, Fahim
Kirkpatrick, Steven
MacNeill, Robert A.
Zarghamee, Mehdi
Erbay, Omer O.
Sarawit, Andrew T.
TI Structural Response of World Trade Center Buildings 1, 2 and 7 to Impact
and Fire Damage
SO FIRE TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE World Trade Center; Structural fire effects; Impact damage; Structural
analysis; Failure analysis; Global collapse
ID CONNECTIONS
AB The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) conducted an extensive investigation of the collapse of World Trade Center towers (WTC 1 and WTC 2) and the WTC 7 building. This paper describes the component, subsystem, and global analyses performed for the reconstruction of the structural response of WTC buildings 1, 2, and 7 to impact and fire damage. To illustrate the component and subsystem analyses, the approach taken for simulating the performance of concrete slabs and shear stud connectors in composite floors subject to fire conditions are presented, as well as steel floor framing connections for beams and girders. The development of the global models from the component and subsystem analyses is briefly described, including the sets of input data used to bound the probable conditions of impact and fire damage. The final analysis results that were used to develop the probable collapse hypotheses, and a comparison of the results against observed events, are presented for each building. A review of research activities focused on improving understanding of structural system response to multi-floor fires following the WTC disaster is also provided.
C1 [McAllister, Therese P.; Gross, John L.; Sadek, Fahim] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Kirkpatrick, Steven; MacNeill, Robert A.] Appl Res Associates, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA.
[Zarghamee, Mehdi; Erbay, Omer O.; Sarawit, Andrew T.] Simpson Gumpertz & Heger Inc, Waltham, MA 02453 USA.
RP McAllister, TP (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM therese.mcallister@nist.gov
OI Kirkpatrick, Steven/0000-0001-9590-7980
NR 52
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 18
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0015-2684
J9 FIRE TECHNOL
JI Fire Technol.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 49
IS 3
SI SI
BP 709
EP 739
DI 10.1007/s10694-012-0289-2
PG 31
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 200GK
UT WOS:000323055900007
ER
PT J
AU Liu, L
Hong, Y
Looper, J
Riley, R
Yong, B
Zhang, ZX
Hocker, J
Shafer, M
AF Liu, Lu
Hong, Yang
Looper, Jonathan
Riley, Rachel
Yong, Bin
Zhang, Zengxin
Hocker, James
Shafer, Mark
TI Climatological Drought Analyses and Projection Using SPI and PDSI: Case
Study of the Arkansas Red River Basin
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Arkansas; River basins; Climate change; Droughts; Case studies; Arkansas
Red River Basin; Drought; Climate change; Projection; Global climate
models (GCMs)
ID SEVERITY INDEX; DATASET
AB This paper examines past drought and assesses future drought scenarios for the Arkansas Red River Basin using two common drought indexes, the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI). Historical climate data within the 1900-2009 time frame were used to derive the past drought index estimates. The projected climate data under two greenhouse gas emission scenarios from 16 global climate models (GCMs) after bias correction and statistical downscaling were applied in drought occurrence frequency and affected area projection. The results derived from the SPI and PDSI show that widespread droughts mainly took place in the 1910s, 1930s, 1950s, and 1960s in the Arkansas Red River Basin, which agrees well with the historical climate record. Both the SPI and PDSI project that more frequent and severe droughts will appear in the second part of the 21st century under both of the emissions scenarios. Future PDSI projects that more severe droughts will occur in the western parts of this basin under one scenario. (C) 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers.
C1 [Liu, Lu; Looper, Jonathan] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Civil Engn & Environm Sci, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Hong, Yang] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Civil Engn & Environm Sci, Natl Weather Ctr, Atmosphere Radar Res Ctr, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Riley, Rachel; Hocker, James; Shafer, Mark] Univ Oklahoma, Oklahoma Climatol Survey, Southern Climate Impacts Planning Program, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Yong, Bin] Hohai Univ, State Key Lab Hydrol Water Resources & Hydraul En, Nanjing 210098, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Zengxin] Nanjing Forestry Univ, Coll Forest Resources & Environm, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
RP Hong, Y (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Sch Civil Engn & Environm Sci, Natl Weather Ctr, Atmosphere Radar Res Ctr, 120 David L Boren Blvd,Suite 4610, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM yanghong@ou.edu
RI Hong, Yang/D-5132-2009; Yong, Bin/C-2257-2014; Liu, Lu/J-4551-2015
OI Hong, Yang/0000-0001-8720-242X; Yong, Bin/0000-0003-1466-2091; Liu,
Lu/0000-0002-4939-5432
FU Southern Climate Information Planning Program (SCIPP)
FX This research is funded by the Southern Climate Information Planning
Program (SCIPP) (http://www.southernclimate.org). The authors thank the
National Weather Center for their computing resources and also
acknowledge their colleagues within the Hydrometeorology and Remote
Sensing Laboratory (http://hydro.ou.edu) for their technical support. In
addition, the authors acknowledge the modeling groups, the Program for
Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison (PCMDI), and the WCRP's
Working Group on Coupled Modeling (WGCM) for their roles in making
available the WCRP CMIP3 multimodel data sets. Support of these data
sets is provided by the Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy.
Also, the authors acknowledge the PRISM Climate Group for providing
PRISM precipitation data.
NR 12
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 41
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 1084-0699
J9 J HYDROL ENG
JI J. Hydrol. Eng.
PD JUL 1
PY 2013
VL 18
IS 7
SI SI
BP 809
EP 816
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000619
PG 8
WC Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA 202KP
UT WOS:000323214600009
ER
PT J
AU Sharda, V
Srivastava, P
Kalin, L
Ingram, K
Chelliah, M
AF Sharda, Vaishali
Srivastava, Puneet
Kalin, Latif
Ingram, Keith
Chelliah, Muthuvel
TI Development of Community Water Deficit Index: Drought-Forecasting Tool
for Small- to Mid-Size Communities of the Southeastern United States
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Droughts; Oscillations; Water supply; Water demand; Watersheds; United
States; Community development; Water shortage; Forecasting; Drought;
Drought index; Climate variability; El Nino Southern Oscillation; Water
supply; Water demand; Watershed; System dynamics
ID NINO-SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; SYSTEM DYNAMICS APPROACH; EL-NINO; WEATHER
GENERATOR; CLIMATE SIGNALS; MANAGEMENT; ENSO; PRECIPITATION; MODEL;
RESOURCES
AB The El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) climate-variability phenomenon greatly affects water availability in the Southeast United States. For example, it is well known that La Nina conditions bring drought to this region. In the past decade, several severe droughts have adversely impacted the water resources of many communities in this region, especially those that rely on surface-water systems. Because small- to mid-size communities are most vulnerable to climate variability, this study was undertaken to develop a climate variability-based community water deficit index (CWDI) for use by water managers in these communities. Although currently available drought indices can be useful tools for monitoring and forecasting purposes, they are not suitable for use in water-supply systems for small- to mid-size communities. The CWDI was conceptualized keeping in mind that it should (1)forecast hydrologic drought, (2)operate at a high spatial resolution, and (3)address both water supply and demand during droughts. The system dynamics-modeling software Structured Thinking Experiential Learning Laboratory with Animation was used to develop the modeling framework to estimate CWDI by evaluating differences in a community water supply and demand, and thus help forecast the severity of an impending drought. Another important feature of the CWDI is its ability to evaluate how drought-management policies can affect the severity of drought. The CWDI was tested in two small- to mid-size communities of this region (Auburn, Alabama, and Griffin, Georgia). The results indicate that the index not only can monitor drought in the studied water-supply systems, but can also forecast ENSO-induced hydrologic droughts in the region and can be used in drought planning. (C) 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers.
C1 [Sharda, Vaishali; Srivastava, Puneet] Auburn Univ, Biosyst Engn Dept, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
[Kalin, Latif] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
[Ingram, Keith] Univ Florida, Southeast Climate Consortium, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Chelliah, Muthuvel] NOAA Sci Ctr, Climate Predict Ctr, NCEP NWS NOAA US Dept Commerce, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
RP Srivastava, P (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Biosyst Engn Dept, Tom E Corley Bldg, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
EM srivapu@auburn.edu
RI Srivastava, Puneet/F-8390-2014
FU NOAA Climate Program Office
FX This work is funded under a grant from the Sectoral Applications
Research Program of the NOAA Climate Program Office. The views expressed
in this study represent those of the authors and do not necessarily
reflect the views or policies of NOAA.
NR 60
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 16
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 1084-0699
EI 1943-5584
J9 J HYDROL ENG
JI J. Hydrol. Eng.
PD JUL 1
PY 2013
VL 18
IS 7
SI SI
BP 846
EP 858
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000733
PG 13
WC Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA 202KP
UT WOS:000323214600012
ER
PT J
AU Huang, BS
Zhang, Y
Shu, X
Liu, Y
Penumadu, D
Ye, XP
AF Huang, Baoshan
Zhang, Yang
Shu, Xiang
Liu, Yun
Penumadu, Dayakar
Ye, X. Philip
TI Neutron Scattering for Moisture Detection in Foamed Asphalt
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Foam; Asphalts; Moisture; Foamed asphalt; Moisture; Detection; Neutron
scattering
ID WARM-MIX ASPHALT; SMALL-ANGLE SCATTERING; TRICALCIUM SILICATE; CONFINED
WATER; LABORATORY EVALUATION; DENSITY-MEASUREMENT; HYDRATION;
SUSCEPTIBILITY; ADDITIVES; MINIMUM
AB Foamed warm-mix asphalt (WMA) has been widely accepted and used in the United States and many other countries around the world. However, several key concerns about WMA technology still need to be answered, including the major issue of moisture-induced damage. Because of the reduced production temperatures and the foaming process with water, moisture may be entrapped in pavements after compaction. The trapped moisture decreases the adhesion between asphalt binder and aggregates and the cohesion among asphalt binder, resulting in stripping and other forms of pavement distress. The neutron scattering technique provides a unique tool for the determination of the microscopic structure of asphalt and for the detection of the presence of moisture and its spatial distributions in asphalt. In particular, small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) in the wave vector transfer range from is suitable to probe the spatial density fluctuations in the real space from , which has a resolution several orders of magnitude higher than direct imaging techniques. In this study, the SANS technique was utilized to characterize the microstructure of asphalt and to detect the water spatial distributions in foamed asphalt. Two types of asphalt binder and ordinary and heavy water were used to make samples at 150 degrees C using a laboratory foaming device. The samples were then measured using the SANS instrument at the National Institute of Standard and Technology (NIST) Center for Neutron Research (NCNR). The results show that there is no water entity less than 0.1m present in the foamed asphalt. Even if moisture does exist in foamed asphalt, it does not cause any structural changes to the asphalt within 0.1m.
C1 [Huang, Baoshan; Shu, Xiang; Penumadu, Dayakar] Univ Tennessee, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Zhang, Yang] Univ Illinois, Dept Nucl Plasma & Radiol Engn, Champaign, IL 61820 USA.
[Zhang, Yang] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Sci Directorate, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Zhang, Yang] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Joint Inst Neutron Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Liu, Yun] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Liu, Yun] Univ Delaware, Dept Chem Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Ye, X. Philip] Univ Tennessee, Dept Biosyst Engn & Soil Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RP Huang, BS (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM bhuang@utk.edu; zhyang@illinois.edu; xshu@utk.edu; yunliu@nist.gov;
dpenumad@utk.edu; xye2@utk.edu
RI Zhang, Yang/A-7975-2012; Huang, Baoshan/G-4974-2011; Shu,
Xiang/A-7576-2010
OI Zhang, Yang/0000-0002-7339-8342; Huang, Baoshan/0000-0001-8551-0082;
Shu, Xiang/0000-0002-1079-724X
FU Clifford G. Shull fellowship at ORNL; NIST; U.S. Dept. of Commerce;
National Science Foundation [DMR-0454672]
FX Yang Zhang acknowledges the support from the Clifford G. Shull
fellowship at ORNL. The authors acknowledge the support of NIST and the
U.S. Dept. of Commerce in providing the neutron research facilities used
in this work. Identification of a commercial product does not imply
recommendation or endorsement by the NIST, nor does it imply that the
product is necessarily the best for the stated purpose. This work
utilized facilities at the NIST Center for Neutron Research supported in
part by the National Science Foundation under Agreement No. DMR-0454672.
NR 37
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 25
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0899-1561
J9 J MATER CIVIL ENG
JI J. Mater. Civ. Eng.
PD JUL 1
PY 2013
VL 25
IS 7
SI SI
BP 932
EP 938
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0000762
PG 7
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Materials Science
GA 202KN
UT WOS:000323214400016
ER
PT J
AU Simonsen, KA
Cowan, JH
AF Simonsen, Kirsten A.
Cowan, James H., Jr.
TI EFFECTS OF AN INSHORE ARTIFICIAL REEF ON THE TROPHIC DYNAMICS OF THREE
SPECIES OF ESTUARINE FISH
SO BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; STABLE-ISOTOPE ANALYSES; OYSTER REEFS; CHESAPEAKE BAY;
RED SNAPPER; GUT-CONTENT; MICROPOGONIAS-UNDULATUS; HABITAT DEGRADATION;
ATLANTIC CROAKER; STOMACH CONTENTS
AB Estuarine habitats are important in the life history of many fish species, yet are being degraded at an alarming rate. Habitat loss is often mitigated by the addition of artificial reefs. Understanding how artificial habitat affects the trophic dynamics of associated fish communities is important to understanding their role in estuarine environments. This study compared the trophic dynamics of spotted seatrout, Cynoscion nebulosus (Cuvier, 1830), Atlantic croaker, Micropogonias undulatus (Linnaeus, 1766), and bay anchovy, Anchoa mitchilli (Valenciennes, 1848), at an inshore artificial reef and a nearby mud-bottom site. Trophic dynamics were assessed using a combination of gut content analysis and stable isotopes for spotted seatrout and Atlantic croaker, and stable isotopes alone for bay anchovy. No significant differences were found in the either the diets or mean values of delta C-13, delta N-15, or delta S-34 of spotted seatrout between habitats. Differences were seen in both the centroid distance and total area of the delta C-13-delta N-15 biplot for spotted seatrout indicating greater trophic niche breath at the artificial reef. Diets of Atlantic croaker differed significantly between habitats and specimens were more enriched in delta N-15 at the artificial reef; however, no differences in trophic niche breadth were observed. Bay anchovy were more depleted in both delta C-13 and delta S-34 over the artificial reef and differences in the trophic niche breadth were observed. Results suggest that habitat alterations can affect trophic dynamics of estuarine species in different ways. Therefore, foraging strategy should be considered when evaluating estuarine artificial reefs.
C1 [Simonsen, Kirsten A.; Cowan, James H., Jr.] Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
RP Simonsen, KA (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, 7600 Sand Point Way, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM kirsten.simonsen@noaa.gov
FU Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries
FX We thank A Fischer, M Zapp Sluis, and D Nieland for assistance in the
field and in the laboratory. Field sampling would not have been possible
without the help of personnel from the Louisiana Department of Wildlife
and Fisheries Lyle St. Amant Marine Biological Laboratory. We would like
to thank B Fry for running stable isotope samples. Early versions of
this work benefitted from the comments of D Nieland and RJD Wells, as
well as three anonymous reviewers. This project was funded by the
Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries with Sport Fish
Restoration dollars provided through the US Fish and Wildlife Federal
Assistance Program.
NR 74
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 35
PU ROSENSTIEL SCH MAR ATMOS SCI
PI MIAMI
PA 4600 RICKENBACKER CAUSEWAY, MIAMI, FL 33149 USA
SN 0007-4977
J9 B MAR SCI
JI Bull. Mar. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 89
IS 3
BP 657
EP 676
DI 10.5343/bms.2012.1013
PG 20
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 200RI
UT WOS:000323086200002
ER
PT J
AU Kosaki, RK
Wagner, D
Leonard, JC
Hauk, BB
Gleason, KA
AF Kosaki, Randall K.
Wagner, Daniel
Leonard, Jason C.
Hauk, Brian B.
Gleason, Kelly A.
TI FIRST REPORT OF THE TABLE CORAL ACROPORA CYTHEREA (SCLERACTINIA:
ACROPORIDAE) FROM OAHU (MAIN HAWAIIAN ISLANDS)
SO BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Kosaki, Randall K.; Wagner, Daniel; Leonard, Jason C.; Hauk, Brian B.; Gleason, Kelly A.] NOAA Papahanaumokuakea Marine Natl Monument, Honolulu, HI 96825 USA.
RP Wagner, D (reprint author), NOAA Papahanaumokuakea Marine Natl Monument, Honolulu, HI 96825 USA.
EM Daniel.Wagner@noaa.gov
NR 5
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 7
PU ROSENSTIEL SCH MAR ATMOS SCI
PI MIAMI
PA 4600 RICKENBACKER CAUSEWAY, MIAMI, FL 33149 USA
SN 0007-4977
J9 B MAR SCI
JI Bull. Mar. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 89
IS 3
BP 745
EP 746
DI 10.5343/bms.2013.1051
PG 2
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 200RI
UT WOS:000323086200007
ER
PT J
AU Bright, AJ
Williams, DE
Kramer, KL
Miller, MW
AF Bright, Allan J.
Williams, Dana E.
Kramer, K. Lindsey
Miller, Margaret W.
TI RECOVERY OF ACROPORA PALMATA IN CURACAO: A COMPARISON WITH THE FLORIDA
KEYS
SO BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID REEF-BUILDING CORALS; CARIBBEAN CORAL; GENOTYPIC DIVERSITY; IMPACTS;
DISEASE; RESISTANCE; ECOLOGY
AB Demographic monitoring of fixed plots of Acropora palmata (Lamarck, 1816) in Curacao and the Florida Keys before and after acute tropical storm disturbance allowed for a comparison of recovery processes. The Curacao population was characterized by greater colony size, live tissue abundance, and genotypic richness than the Florida Keys population, and hence was hypothesized to display a faster rate of recovery. However, after each population lost approximately half of its live tissue as a result of disturbance, magnitude of recovery differed significantly between regions, but was inconsistent with this hypothesis. Despite high post-disturbance asexual recruitment of fragments in Curacao [12.1 (SE 4.9) recruits/plot compared to 4.6 (SE 1.5) for Florida Keys], consistent with the original hypothesis, Curacao populations showed negligible recovery in terms of live tissue abundance (-2%) and have declined in number of colonies, whereas the Florida Keys population showed a slight, but significant increase in live tissue (13%) over the surveyed recovery period (from 7 to 31 mo post-disturbance).
C1 [Bright, Allan J.; Williams, Dana E.; Kramer, K. Lindsey] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Bright, Allan J.; Williams, Dana E.; Kramer, K. Lindsey; Miller, Margaret W.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Bright, AJ (reprint author), Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, 4600 Rickenbacker Cswy, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM allan.bright@noaa.gov; dana.williams@noaa.gov; kl_kramer@yahoo.com;
margaret.w.miller@noaa.gov
FU NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program; NMFS Southeast Regional Office;
Royal Caribbean International; Education and Research Department of the
Curacao Sea Aquarium
FX Funding was provided by the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program, the
NMFS Southeast Regional Office, Royal Caribbean International, and the
Education and Research Department of the Curacao Sea Aquarium. Many
thanks for field support in Curacao from A Anton, L Johnston, A
Valdivia, R Wilborn, and S Piontek.
NR 29
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 16
PU ROSENSTIEL SCH MAR ATMOS SCI
PI MIAMI
PA 4600 RICKENBACKER CAUSEWAY, MIAMI, FL 33149 USA
SN 0007-4977
J9 B MAR SCI
JI Bull. Mar. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 89
IS 3
BP 747
EP 757
DI 10.5343/bms.2012.1029
PG 11
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 200RI
UT WOS:000323086200008
ER
PT J
AU Little, CAE
Pellegrino, J
Russek, SE
AF Little, Charles A. E.
Pellegrino, John
Russek, Stephen E.
TI Microfluidic Platform for Magnetic Nanoparticle Trapping and Detection
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Joint MMM-Intermag Conference
CY JAN 14-18, 2013
CL Chicago, IL
SP AIP Publishing, IEEE Magnet Soc
DE Giant magnetoresistance; magnetic particles; magnetic sensors;
microfluidics
ID MANIPULATION; ARRAYS
AB We evaluate giant magnetoresistance sensors to trap and count small concentrations of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) within microfluidic flow. The device presented takes the novel approach of capturing and detecting MNPs utilizing the strong fringe-fields present on the periphery of the patterned sensor. The presence of MNPs manifests as a field shift in the magnetoresistance curve. Tests of the device have shown a noticeable response to MNPs with 30 nm nominal core diameters at concentrations as low as 1.2 x 10(10) +/- 4.0 x 10(9) MNP/mL at a flow rate of 5 mu L/min. Such a device would be beneficial for bio-medical applications, including immunoassays, and for monitoring filtration processes, where large sample fluid volumes and low MNP concentration sensitivities are required.
C1 [Little, Charles A. E.; Pellegrino, John] Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Little, Charles A. E.; Russek, Stephen E.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Little, CAE (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM charles.little@colorado.edu
OI PELLEGRINO, JOHN/0000-0001-7749-5003
FU National Science Foundation from the Industry/University Cooperative
Research Center for Membrane Science, Engineering and Technology [IIP
1024720]; Department of Commerce [70NANB10H02]
FX This work was supported in part via National Science Foundation award
IIP 1024720 from the Industry/University Cooperative Research Center for
Membrane Science, Engineering and Technology. Additional support was
received from Department of Commerce Grant 70NANB10H02 as part of the
Measurement Science and Engineering Research Training Fellowship.
NR 8
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 26
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9464
EI 1941-0069
J9 IEEE T MAGN
JI IEEE Trans. Magn.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 49
IS 7
BP 3402
EP 3405
DI 10.1109/TMAG.2013.2251416
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA 192KM
UT WOS:000322483200084
ER
PT J
AU Chen, PJ
Feng, G
Shull, RD
AF Chen, P. J.
Feng, G.
Shull, R. D.
TI Use of Half Metallic Hensler Alloys in CoFeB/MgO/Heusler Alloy Tunnel
Junctions
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 12th Joint MMM-Intermag Conference
CY JAN 14-18, 2013
CL Chicago, IL
SP AIP Publishing, IEEE Magnet Soc
DE Co-based heusler alloys; magnetic tunnel junctions; MgO/CoFeB
ID ROOM-TEMPERATURE; MAGNETORESISTANCE
AB Hensler Alloys Co2FeSi and Co2MnSi were deposited on both single crystal MgO (100) and polycrystalline SiO2 silicon thermal oxide substrates and characterized by x-ray diffraction before and after thermal annealing at various temperatures. Co2FeSi and Co2MnSi deposited on MgO (100) grow as L2(1) or B2 structures but grow as an A2 structure on the SiO2 substrate. Co2FeSi and Co2MnSi were also deposited in a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) stack as the free and reference layers above and below the MgO barrier layer respectively, thereby replacing Co20Fe60B20 as those layers in the more common MTJ stack. The tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) ratio is higher if Co2FeSi is the free layer, but lower when Co2FeSi is the reference layer.
C1 [Chen, P. J.; Feng, G.; Shull, R. D.] NIST, Magnet Mat Grp, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Chen, PJ (reprint author), NIST, Magnet Mat Grp, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM peijie.chen@nist.gov
NR 18
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 24
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9464
EI 1941-0069
J9 IEEE T MAGN
JI IEEE Trans. Magn.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 49
IS 7
BP 4379
EP 4382
DI 10.1109/TMAG.2013.2244584
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA 192KM
UT WOS:000322483200330
ER
PT J
AU Cohl, HS
Volkmer, H
AF Cohl, H. S.
Volkmer, H.
TI Separation of variables in an asymmetric cyclidic coordinate system (vol
54, 063513, 2013)
SO JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Cohl, H. S.] NIST, Appl & Computat Math Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Volkmer, H.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Math Sci, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
RP Cohl, HS (reprint author), NIST, Appl & Computat Math Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0022-2488
J9 J MATH PHYS
JI J. Math. Phys.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 54
IS 7
AR 079904
DI 10.1063/1.4816324
PG 1
WC Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 192ZQ
UT WOS:000322526900048
ER
PT J
AU Ilyushin, VV
Hougen, JT
AF Ilyushin, Vadim V.
Hougen, Jon. T.
TI A fitting program for molecules with two equivalent methyl tops and C-2v
point-group symmetry at equilibrium: Application to existing microwave,
millimeter, and sub-millimeter wave measurements of acetone
SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article
DE Acetone; Effective Hamiltonian; Large-amplitude torsional motion;
Least-squares fit; Microwave spectrum; Two-top molecule
ID TORSIONAL EXCITED-STATE; LARGE-AMPLITUDE MOTIONS; ROTATIONAL SPECTRUM;
INTERNAL ROTORS; METHANOL; BIACETYL; CH3COCH3
AB A program, called PAM_C2v_2tops, for fitting the high-resolution torsion-rotation spectra of molecules with two equivalent methyl rotors and C-2v symmetry at equilibrium is described and applied to the spectrum of acetone [(CH3)(2)CO]. The G(36) permutation-inversion group-theoretical considerations used in the design of the program are presented followed by a description of the structure of the program, which uses the principal axis method and a two-step diagonalization procedure. The program was used to carry out a weighted least-squares fit of 1720 microwave, millimeter-wave, and sub-millimeter-wave line frequencies of acetone that are available in the literature. The weighted standard deviation of 0.94 obtained here for a joint fit of rotational lines belonging to the ground, the lower torsional fundamental, and the higher torsional fundamental states of acetone represents significant progress in comparison with previous fitting attempts, especially for the excited torsional states. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ilyushin, Vadim V.] Inst Radio Astron NASU, UA-61002 Kharkov, Ukraine.
[Hougen, Jon. T.] NIST, Sensor Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Ilyushin, VV (reprint author), Inst Radio Astron NASU, Chervonopraporna 4, UA-61002 Kharkov, Ukraine.
EM ilyushin@rian.kharkov.ua
FU NIST
FX The authors express their gratitude to Dr. E.A. Alekseev who kindly
allowed us to use his new spectral records of acetone prior to
publication for remeasurement of several acetone line frequencies. V.I.
thanks NIST for financial support during a 3-month Guest Worker visit in
2009. He also he thanks GRID cluster of IRA NASU for computer time
allocation.
NR 31
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 14
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0022-2852
J9 J MOL SPECTROSC
JI J. Mol. Spectrosc.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 289
BP 41
EP 49
DI 10.1016/j.jms.2013.05.012
PG 9
WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy
SC Physics; Spectroscopy
GA 197MO
UT WOS:000322855500008
ER
PT J
AU Deng, XJ
Liu, DM
Yue, M
Huang, QZ
Zhao, JL
Zhang, JX
AF Deng Xiaojun
Liu Danming
Yue Ming
Huang Qingzhen
Zhao Jinliang
Zhang Jiuxing
TI Magnetocaloric Properties in Mn1.1Fe0.9P0.8Ge0.2Bx Compounds Prepared by
Spark Plasma Sintering
SO RARE METAL MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING
LA Chinese
DT Article
DE room temperature magnetic refrigerant; MnFePGeB; magneticaloric effect
ID MAGNETIC-ENTROPY CHANGE; TRANSITION
AB Mn1.1Fe0.9P0.8Ge0.2Bx (x=0, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04) compounds were prepared by mechanical milling and subsequent spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique. Their crystal structure was investigated by XRD and the magneticaloric properties were measured by DSC and VSM. Results show that Mn1.1Fe0.9P0.8Ge0.2Bx (x=0, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04) compounds possess a hexagonal Fe2P-type crystal structure. The lattice parameters a and c are changed noticeably with the increase of B, and c/a ratio decreases firstly and then increases. There is a nonlinear relationship between Curie temperature as well as the entropy change and the content of B. The compound achieves the best magneticaloric properties in this system when x=0.02. The Curie temperature increases from 253 K for x=0 to 263 K, and thermal hysteresis decreases from 23 K to 19 K. The maximum value of the magnetic entropy change increases from 28.7 to 32.6 J/kg.K for a field change from 0 to 2 T.
C1 [Deng Xiaojun; Liu Danming; Yue Ming; Zhao Jinliang; Zhang Jiuxing] Beijing Univ Technol, Beijing 100124, Peoples R China.
[Huang Qingzhen] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Liu, DM (reprint author), Beijing Univ Technol, Inst Microstruct & Properties Adv Mat, Beijing 100124, Peoples R China.
EM dengxj08@163.com; dmliu@bjut.edu.cn
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 18
PU NORTHWEST INST NONFERROUS METAL RESEARCH
PI SHAANXI
PA C/O RARE METAL MATERIAL ENGINEERING PRESS, PO BOX 51, XIAN, SHAANXI
710016, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1002-185X
J9 RARE METAL MAT ENG
JI Rare Metal Mat. Eng.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 42
IS 7
BP 1450
EP 1453
PG 4
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 199SV
UT WOS:000323016700027
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, M
Liu, DM
Liu, CX
Huang, QZ
Wang, SB
Zhang, H
Yue, M
AF Zhang Meng
Liu Danmin
Liu Cuixiu
Huang Qingzhen
Wang Shaobo
Zhang Hu
Yue Ming
TI RESEARCH OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PHASE TRANSITION PROCESS AND
MAGNETIC PROPERTIES IN MAGNETIC REFRIGERATION MATERIAL
Mn1.2Fe0.8P0.76Ge0.24
SO ACTA METALLURGICA SINICA
LA Chinese
DT Article
DE magnetic refrigeration material; magnetic thermal phase transition
process; neutron diffraction
ID ENTROPY CHANGE
AB In recent years, the MnFePGe compound has drawn tremendous attention not only for its excellent magnetocaloric effect (MCE), but also for its great commercial interest. Compared with other advanced MCE materials such as GdSiGe, MnFePAs, etc., it possesses many practical advantages such as more abundant raw materials, lower fabrication costs as well as better environmental amity. In this work, Mn1.2Fe0.8P0.76Ge0.24 compound was prepared by mechanical milling and subsequent spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique, its microstructure was investigated by SEM, meanwhile the relationship between phase transition and the properties was investigated by neutron diffraction, SQUID, DSC and XRD. The results show that the Mn1.2Fe0.8P0.76Ge0.24 compound is compact, and possess a hexagonal Fe2P-type crystal structure. Generally, either applied magnetic field or temperature change will induce the transformation between paramagnetic phase and ferromagnetic phase. When the applied magnetic field increased or temperature reduced, paramagnetic phase transformed to ferromagnetic phase and caused the magnetic entropy change to become larger. It is found that the magnetic entropy change of Mn1.2Fe0.8P0.76Ge0.24 compound is directly corresponding to the percentage of the phase transition.
C1 [Zhang Meng; Liu Danmin; Liu Cuixiu; Wang Shaobo; Zhang Hu] Beijing Univ Technol, Inst Microstruct & Property Adv Mat, Beijing 100124, Peoples R China.
[Huang Qingzhen] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Yue Ming] Beijing Univ Technol, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Beijing 100124, Peoples R China.
RP Liu, DM (reprint author), Beijing Univ Technol, Inst Microstruct & Property Adv Mat, Beijing 100124, Peoples R China.
EM dmliu@bjut.edu.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51071007, 51171003];
National Basic Research Program of China [2010CB833100]; Beijing Natural
Science Foundation [1112005]; CSNS
FX Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.51071007
and 51171003), National Basic Research Program of China
(No.2010CB833100), Beijing Natural Science Foundation (No.1112005) and
CSNS
NR 25
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 44
PU SCIENCE PRESS
PI BEIJING
PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 0412-1961
J9 ACTA METALL SIN
JI Acta Metall. Sin.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 49
IS 7
BP 783
EP 788
DI 10.3724/SP.J.1037.2012.00775
PG 6
WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 186PG
UT WOS:000322056000003
ER
PT J
AU Ardila, DR
Herczeg, GJ
Gregory, SG
Ingleby, L
France, K
Brown, A
Edwards, S
Johns-Krull, C
Linsky, JL
Yang, H
Valenti, JA
Abgrall, H
Alexander, RD
Bergin, E
Bethell, T
Brown, JM
Calvet, N
Espaillat, C
Hillenbrand, LA
Hussain, G
Roueff, E
Schindhelm, ER
Walter, FM
AF Ardila, David R.
Herczeg, Gregory J.
Gregory, Scott G.
Ingleby, Laura
France, Kevin
Brown, Alexander
Edwards, Suzan
Johns-Krull, Christopher
Linsky, Jeffrey L.
Yang, Hao
Valenti, Jeff A.
Abgrall, Herve
Alexander, Richard D.
Bergin, Edwin
Bethell, Thomas
Brown, Joanna M.
Calvet, Nuria
Espaillat, Catherine
Hillenbrand, Lynne A.
Hussain, Gaitee
Roueff, Evelyne
Schindhelm, Eric R.
Walter, Frederick M.
TI HOT GAS LINES IN T TAURI STARS
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE protoplanetary disks; stars: pre-main sequence; stars: variables: T
Tauri, Herbig Ae/Be; surveys; ultraviolet: stars
ID HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; X-RAY-EMISSION;
ETA-CHAMAELEONTIS CLUSTER; FLUORESCENT H-2 EMISSION; HERBIG-AE STAR;
MAGNETOCENTRIFUGALLY DRIVEN FLOWS; FAR-ULTRAVIOLET SPECTRA; MEAN
RADIAL-VELOCITIES; YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS
AB For Classical T Tauri Stars (CTTSs), the resonance doublets of NV, Si IV, and C IV, as well as the He II 1640 angstrom line, trace hot gas flows and act as diagnostics of the accretion process. In this paper we assemble a large high-resolution, high-sensitivity data set of these lines in CTTSs and Weak T Tauri Stars (WTTSs). The sample comprises 35 stars: 1 Herbig Ae star, 28 CTTSs, and 6 WTTSs. We find that the C IV, Si IV, and N V lines in CTTSs all have similar shapes. We decompose the C IV and He II lines into broad and narrow Gaussian components (BC and NC). The most common (50%) C IV line morphology in CTTSs is that of a low-velocity NC together with a redshifted BC. For CTTSs, a strong BC is the result of the accretion process. The contribution fraction of the NC to the C IV line flux in CTTSs increases with accretion rate, from similar to 20% to up to similar to 80%. The velocity centroids of the BCs and NCs are such that V-BC greater than or similar to 4 V-NC, consistent with the predictions of the accretion shock model, in at most 12 out of 22 CTTSs. We do not find evidence of the post-shock becoming buried in the stellar photosphere due to the pressure of the accretion flow. The He II CTTSs lines are generally symmetric and narrow, with FWHM and redshifts comparable to those of WTTSs. They are less redshifted than the CTTSs C IV lines, by similar to 10 km s(-1). The amount of flux in the BC of the He II line is small compared to that of the C IV line, and we show that this is consistent with models of the pre-shock column emission. Overall, the observations are consistent with the presence of multiple accretion columns with different densities or with accretion models that predict a slow-moving, low-density region in the periphery of the accretion column. For HN Tau A and RW Aur A, most of the C IV line is blueshifted suggesting that the C IV emission is produced by shocks within outflow jets. In our sample, the Herbig Ae star DX Cha is the only object for which we find a P-Cygni profile in the C IV line, which argues for the presence of a hot (105 K) wind. For the overall sample, the Si IV and N V line luminosities are correlated with the C IV line luminosities, although the relationship between Si IV and C IV shows large scatter about a linear relationship and suggests that TW Hya, V4046 Sgr, AA Tau, DF Tau, GM Aur, and V1190 Sco are silicon-poor, while CV Cha, DX Cha, RU Lup, and RW Aur may be silicon-rich.
C1 [Ardila, David R.] CALTECH, NASA Herschel Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Herczeg, Gregory J.] Peking Univ, Kavli Inst Astron & Astrophys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Gregory, Scott G.; Hillenbrand, Lynne A.] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Gregory, Scott G.] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland.
[Ingleby, Laura; Bergin, Edwin; Bethell, Thomas; Calvet, Nuria] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[France, Kevin; Brown, Alexander] Univ Colorado, Ctr Astrophys & Space Astron, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Edwards, Suzan] Smith Coll, Dept Astron, Northampton, MA 01063 USA.
[Johns-Krull, Christopher] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
[Linsky, Jeffrey L.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Linsky, Jeffrey L.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Yang, Hao] Cent China Normal Univ, Inst Astrophys, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
[Valenti, Jeff A.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Abgrall, Herve; Roueff, Evelyne] CNRS, Observ Paris, Sect Meudon, UMR 8102, F-92195 Meudon, France.
[Abgrall, Herve; Roueff, Evelyne] CNRS, Observ Paris, Sect Meudon, LUTH, F-92195 Meudon, France.
[Alexander, Richard D.] Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England.
[Brown, Joanna M.; Espaillat, Catherine] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Hussain, Gaitee] ESO, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Schindhelm, Eric R.] Southwest Res Inst, Dept Space Studies, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Walter, Frederick M.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
RP Ardila, DR (reprint author), CALTECH, NASA Herschel Sci Ctr, MC 100-22, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM ardila@ipac.caltech.edu
RI Yang, Hao/F-8396-2014;
OI Gregory, Scott/0000-0003-3674-5568; Yang, Hao/0000-0002-9423-2333;
Herczeg, Gregory/0000-0002-7154-6065
FU NASA through Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) [HST-GO-11616.10,
HST-GO-12161.01]; NASA [NAS 5-26555]; Science & Technology Facilities
Council (STFC) [ST/J003255/1]; UK's Science & Technology Facilities
Council (STFC) [ST/G00711X/1]; HST GTO [11533, 12036]
FX Based on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope.
Support for this paper was provided by NASA through grant numbers
HST-GO-11616.10 and HST-GO-12161.01 from the Space Telescope Science
Institute (STScI), which is operated by Association of Universities for
Research in Astronomy, Inc. (AURA) under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. S.
G. G. acknowledges support from the Science & Technology Facilities
Council (STFC) via an Ernest Rutherford Fellowship [ST/J003255/1]. R. D.
A. acknowledges support from the UK's Science & Technology Facilities
Council (STFC) through an Advanced Fellowship (ST/G00711X/1).; We thank
the team from HST GTO programs 11533 and 12036 (PI: J. Green) for
allowing us early access to their data.
NR 202
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 10
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0067-0049
J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S
JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 207
IS 1
AR UNSP 1
DI 10.1088/0067-0049/207/1/1
PG 43
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 194KJ
UT WOS:000322631500001
ER
PT J
AU Sallaska, AL
Iliadis, C
Champange, AE
Goriely, S
Starrfield, S
Timmes, FX
AF Sallaska, A. L.
Iliadis, C.
Champange, A. E.
Goriely, S.
Starrfield, S.
Timmes, F. X.
TI STARLIB: A NEXT-GENERATION REACTION-RATE LIBRARY FOR NUCLEAR
ASTROPHYSICS
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE catalogs; methods: numerical; nuclear reactions, nucleosynthesis,
abundances; stars: abundances; stars: general; stars: interiors;
supernovae: general; white dwarfs
ID THERMONUCLEAR REACTION-RATES; BIG-BANG NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; BETA-DECAY
RATES; SD-SHELL NUCLEI; ENERGY-LEVELS; CROSS-SECTIONS; RATE TABLES;
INHOMOGENEOUS COSMOLOGIES; STELLAR INTERIORS; RESONANT REACTION
AB STARLIB is a next-generation, all-purpose nuclear reaction-rate library. For the first time, this library provides the rate probability density at all temperature grid points for convenient implementation in models of stellar phenomena. The recommended rate and its associated uncertainties are also included. Currently, uncertainties are absent from all other rate libraries, and, although estimates have been attempted in previous evaluations and compilations, these are generally not based on rigorous statistical definitions. A common standard for deriving uncertainties is clearly warranted. STARLIB represents a first step in addressing this deficiency by providing a tabular, up-to-date database that supplies not only the rate and its uncertainty but also its distribution. Because a majority of rates are lognormally distributed, this allows the construction of rate probability densities from the columns of STARLIB. This structure is based on a recently suggested Monte Carlo method to calculate reaction rates, where uncertainties are rigorously defined. In STARLIB, experimental rates are supplemented with: (1) theoretical TALYS rates for reactions for which no experimental input is available, and (2) laboratory and theoretical weak rates. STARLIB includes all types of reactions of astrophysical interest to Z = 83, such as (p, gamma), (p, alpha), (alpha, n), and corresponding reverse rates. Strong rates account for thermal target excitations. Here, we summarize our Monte Carlo formalism, introduce the library, compare methods of correcting rates for stellar environments, and discuss how to implement our library in Monte Carlo nucleosynthesis studies. We also present a method for accessing STARLIB on the Internet and outline updated Monte Carlo-based rates.
C1 [Sallaska, A. L.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Iliadis, C.; Champange, A. E.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
[Iliadis, C.; Champange, A. E.] Triangle Univ Nucl Lab, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Goriely, S.] Univ Libre Bruxelles, Inst Astron & Astrophys, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
[Starrfield, S.; Timmes, F. X.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
RP Sallaska, AL (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM anne.sallaska@nist.gov
FU National Science Foundation [AST-1008355]; Department of Energy
[DE-FG02-97ER41041]; NASA
FX This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under
award number AST-1008355 and by the Department of Energy under grant
number DE-FG02-97ER41041. We would also like to thank Richard Longland,
Jordi Jose, Alain Coc, and Matthew Buckner. We wish to express our
gratitude to Peter Mohr and Thomas Rauscher for insightful discussions.
In addition, we thank Arjan Koning and Stephane Hilaire for their
valuable contribution in writing the TALYS code and making it publicly
available. Our collaborators at ASU acknowledge partial support from
NASA.
NR 125
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U1 0
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PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0067-0049
EI 1538-4365
J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S
JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 207
IS 1
AR UNSP 18
DI 10.1088/0067-0049/207/1/18
PG 58
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 194KJ
UT WOS:000322631500018
ER
PT J
AU Bacheler, NM
Bartolino, V
Reichert, MJM
AF Bacheler, Nathan M.
Bartolino, Valerio
Reichert, Marcel J. M.
TI Influence of soak time and fish accumulation on catches of reef fishes
in a multispecies trap survey
SO FISHERY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID SOUTH-ATLANTIC BIGHT; GENERALIZED ADDITIVE-MODELS;
HAEMULON-AUROLINEATUM; HOMARUS-AMERICANUS; VERMILION SNAPPER;
UNIT-EFFORT; ABUNDANCE; CRAB; BEHAVIOR; CATCHABILITY
AB Catch rates from fishery-independent surveys often are assumed to vary in proportion to the actual abundance of a population, but this approach assumes that the catchability coefficient (q) is constant. When fish accumulate in a gear, the rate at which the gear catches fish can decline, and, as a result, catch asymptotes and q declines with longer fishing times. We used data from long-term trap surveys (1990-2011) in the southeastern U.S. Atlantic to determine whether traps saturated for 8 reef fish species because of the amount of time traps soaked or the level of fish accumulation (the total number of individuals of all fish species caught in a trap). We used a delta-generalized-additive model to relate the catch of each species to a variety of predictor variables to determine how catch was influenced by soak time and fish accumulation after accounting for variability in catch due to the other predictor variables in the model. We found evidence of trap saturation for all 8 reef fish species examined. Traps became saturated for most species across the range of soak times examined, but trap saturation occurred for 3 fish species because of fish accumulation levels in the trap. Our results indicate that, to infer relative abundance levels from catch data, future studies should standardize catch or catch rates with nonlinear regression models that incorporate soak time, fish accumulation, and any other predictor variable that may ultimately influence catch. Determination of the exact mechanisms that cause trap saturation is a critical need for accurate stock assessment, and our results indicate that these mechanisms may vary considerably among species.
C1 [Bacheler, Nathan M.] NOAA, Beaufort Lab, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
[Bartolino, Valerio] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Aquat Resources, S-45330 Lysekil, Sweden.
[Bartolino, Valerio] Univ Gothenburg, Dept Earth Sci, S-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden.
[Reichert, Marcel J. M.] Marine Resources Res Inst, South Carolina Dept Nat Resources, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
RP Bacheler, NM (reprint author), NOAA, Beaufort Lab, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 101 Pivers Isl Rd, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
EM nate.bacheler@noaa.gov
OI Bartolino, Valerio/0000-0002-4506-4329
FU National Marine Fisheries Service [NA06NMF4540093, NA06NMF4350021]
FX We thank the captains and crews of the RV Palmetto, RV Savannah, NOAA
Ship Nancy Foster, and NOAA Ship Pisces, the MARMAP and SEFIS staffs,
and the numerous volunteers for making our field work possible. We
benefited greatly from discussions with D. Berrane, J. Buckel, L.
Coggins, K. Gross, Y. Jaio, T. Kellison, Y. Li, W. Mitchell, K.
Shertzer, C. Schobernd, Z. Schobernd, T. Smart, and E. Williams. We also
thank P. Marraro, C. Schobernd, K. Shertzer, and 4 anonymous reviewers
for providing comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. This work
was supported in part by funds provided by the National Marine Fisheries
Service (award numbers NA06NMF4540093 and NA06NMF4350021). This article
is contribution 701 of the South Carolina Marine Resources Center.
NR 64
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 10
PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE
PI SEATTLE
PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA
SN 0090-0656
J9 FISH B-NOAA
JI Fish. Bull.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 111
IS 3
BP 218
EP 232
DI 10.7755/FB.111.3.2
PG 15
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 194CS
UT WOS:000322609200002
ER
PT J
AU Wood, AD
Cadrin, SX
AF Wood, Anthony D.
Cadrin, Steven X.
TI Mortality and movement of Yellowtail Flounder (Limanda ferruginea)
tagged off New England
SO FISHERY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID MARKED ANIMALS; SURVIVAL; MODELS
AB From 2003 to 2006, 44,882 Yellowtail Flounder (Limanda ferruginea) were captured and released with conventional disc tags in the western North Atlantic as part of a cooperative Yellowtail Flounder tagging study. From these releases, 3767 of the tags were recovered. The primary objectives of this tagging program were to evaluate the mortality and large-scale movement of Yellowtail Flounder among 3 stock areas in New England. To explore mortality, survival and recovery rate were estimated from traditional Brownie tag-recovery models fitted to the data with Program MARK. Models were examined with time- and sex-dependent parameters over several temporal scales. The models with a monthly scale for both survival and recovery rate had the best overall fit and returned parameter estimates that were biologically reasonable. Estimates of survival from the tag-recovery models confirm the general magnitude of total mortality derived from age-based stock assessments but indicate that survival was greater for females than for males. In addition to calculating mortality estimates, we examined the pattern of release and recapture locations and revealed frequent movements within stock areas and less frequent movement among stock areas. The collaboration of fishermen and scientists for this study successfully resulted in independent confirmation of previously documented patterns of movement and mortality rates from conventional age-based analyses.
C1 [Wood, Anthony D.] NOAA, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Cadrin, Steven X.] Univ Massachusetts Dartmouth, Sch Marine Sci & Technol, Fairhaven, MA 02719 USA.
RP Wood, AD (reprint author), NOAA, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM anthony.wood@noaa.gov
FU Northeast Consortium; Northeast Cooperative Research Program of the
Northeast Fisheries Science Center; NMFS Stock Assessment Improvement
Program; Massachusetts Marine Fisheries Institute
FX Fishermen and researchers cooperated to develop the general approach and
technical details of this tagging study. Many fishermen have contributed
to this study, including 3 who were involved in all aspects of planning
and decision-making: D. Goethel, R. Avila, and F. Mattera. Many
scientists collaborated on this study, helping with tagging and other
at-sea work, data modeling and analyses, and database development and
maintenance. Specific thanks go to A. Westwood, J. Moser, L. Alade, D.
Martins, G, DeCelles, D. Goethel, T. Miller, S. Kubis, and C. Sumi. This
study was funded by the Northeast Consortium, the Northeast Cooperative
Research Program of the Northeast Fisheries Science Center, the NMFS
Stock Assessment Improvement Program, and the Massachusetts Marine
Fisheries Institute.
NR 21
TC 4
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U1 0
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PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE
PI SEATTLE
PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA
SN 0090-0656
J9 FISH B-NOAA
JI Fish. Bull.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 111
IS 3
BP 279
EP 287
DI 10.7755/FB.111.3.6
PG 9
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 194CS
UT WOS:000322609200006
ER
PT J
AU Dunkley, J
Calabrese, E
Sievers, J
Addison, GE
Battaglia, N
Battistelli, ES
Bond, JR
Das, S
Devlin, MJ
Dunner, R
Fowler, JW
Gralla, M
Hajian, A
Halpern, M
Hasselfield, M
Hincks, AD
Hlozek, R
Hughes, JP
Irwin, KD
Kosowsky, A
Louis, T
Marriage, TA
Marsden, D
Menanteau, F
Moodley, K
Niemack, M
Nolta, MR
Page, LA
Partridge, B
Sehgal, N
Spergel, DN
Staggs, ST
Switzer, ER
Trac, H
Wollack, E
AF Dunkley, J.
Calabrese, E.
Sievers, J.
Addison, G. E.
Battaglia, N.
Battistelli, E. S.
Bond, J. R.
Das, S.
Devlin, M. J.
Duenner, R.
Fowler, J. W.
Gralla, M.
Hajian, A.
Halpern, M.
Hasselfield, M.
Hincks, A. D.
Hlozek, R.
Hughes, J. P.
Irwin, K. D.
Kosowsky, A.
Louis, T.
Marriage, T. A.
Marsden, D.
Menanteau, F.
Moodley, K.
Niemack, M.
Nolta, M. R.
Page, L. A.
Partridge, B.
Sehgal, N.
Spergel, D. N.
Staggs, S. T.
Switzer, E. R.
Trac, H.
Wollack, E.
TI The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: likelihood for small-scale CMB data
SO JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE cosmological parameters from CMBR; CMBR experiments; Sunyaev-Zeldovich
effect
ID SOUTH-POLE TELESCOPE; PROBE WMAP OBSERVATIONS; MICROWAVE BACKGROUND
ANISOTROPIES; ZELDOVICH POWER SPECTRUM; STAR-FORMING GALAXIES;
SUNYAEV-ZELDOVICH; CLUSTER PHYSICS; 148 GHZ; PARAMETERS; REIONIZATION
AB The Atacama Cosmology Telescope has measured the angular power spectra of microwave fluctuations to arcminute scales at frequencies of 148 and 218 GHz, from three seasons of data. At small scales the fluctuations in the primordial Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) become increasingly obscured by extragalactic foregounds and secondary CMB signals. We present results from a nine-parameter model describing these secondary effects, including the thermal and kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (tSZ and kSZ) power; the clustered and Poisson-like power from Cosmic Infrared Background (CIB) sources, and their frequency scaling; the tSZ-CIB correlation coefficient; the extragalactic radio source power; and thermal dust emission from Galactic cirrus in two different regions of the sky. In order to extract cosmological parameters, we describe a likelihood function for the ACT data, fitting this model to the multi-frequency spectra in the multipole range 500 < l < 10000. We extend the likelihood to include spectra from the South Pole Telescope at frequencies of 95, 150, and 220 GHz. Accounting for different radio source levels and Galactic cirrus emission, the same model provides an excellent fit to both datasets simultaneously, with chi(2)/dof= 675/697 for ACT, and 96/107 for SPT. We then use the multi-frequency likelihood to estimate the CMB power spectrum from ACT in bandpowers, marginalizing over the secondary parameters. This provides a simplified 'CMB-only' likelihood in the range 500 < l < 3500 for use in cosmological parameter estimation.
C1 [Dunkley, J.; Calabrese, E.; Addison, G. E.; Louis, T.] Univ Oxford, Subdept Astrophys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England.
[Sievers, J.; Hlozek, R.; Marriage, T. A.; Page, L. A.; Staggs, S. T.] Princeton Univ, Joseph Henry Labs Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Addison, G. E.; Halpern, M.; Hasselfield, M.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Battaglia, N.; Trac, H.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, McWilliams Ctr Cosmol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Battistelli, E. S.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dept Phys, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
[Bond, J. R.; Hajian, A.; Hincks, A. D.; Nolta, M. R.; Switzer, E. R.] Univ Toronto, Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada.
[Das, S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Lemont, IL 60439 USA.
[Das, S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, LBL, Berkeley Ctr Cosmol Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Das, S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Devlin, M. J.; Marsden, D.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Duenner, R.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Astron & Astrofis, Santiago 22, Chile.
[Fowler, J. W.; Irwin, K. D.; Niemack, M.] NIST, Quantum Devices Grp, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Gralla, M.; Marriage, T. A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Hasselfield, M.; Hlozek, R.; Marriage, T. A.; Spergel, D. N.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Hughes, J. P.; Menanteau, F.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Kosowsky, A.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA.
[Marsden, D.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Moodley, K.] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Math Sci, Astrophys & Cosmol Res Unit, ZA-4041 Durban, South Africa.
[Niemack, M.] Cornell Univ, Dept Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Partridge, B.] Haverford Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Haverford, PA 19041 USA.
[Sehgal, N.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Wollack, E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Dunkley, J (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Subdept Astrophys, Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3RH, England.
EM j.dunkley@physics.ox.ac.uk
RI Spergel, David/A-4410-2011; Trac, Hy/N-8838-2014; Wollack,
Edward/D-4467-2012;
OI Trac, Hy/0000-0001-6778-3861; Wollack, Edward/0000-0002-7567-4451;
Menanteau, Felipe/0000-0002-1372-2534; Sievers,
Jonathan/0000-0001-6903-5074
FU U.S. National Science Foundation [AST-0408698, AST-0965625, PHY-0855887,
PHY-1214379]; Princeton University; University of Pennsylvania; Canada
Foundation for Innovation (CFI); Comision Nacional de Investigacion
Cientifica y Tecnologica de Chile (CONICYT); CFI; Government of Ontario;
Ontario Research Fund - Research Excellence; University of Toronto; ERC
grant [259505]; NASA Office of Space Science; Compute Canada
FX This work was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation through
awards AST-0408698 and AST-0965625 for the ACT project, as well as
awards PHY-0855887 and PHY-1214379. Funding was also provided by
Princeton University, the University of Pennsylvania, and a Canada
Foundation for Innovation (CFI) award to UBC. ACT operates in the Parque
Astronomico Atacama in northern Chile under the auspices of the Comision
Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica de Chile (CONICYT).
Computations were performed on the GPC supercomputer at the SciNet HPC
Consortium. SciNet is funded by the CFI under the auspices of Compute
Canada, the Government of Ontario, the Ontario Research Fund - Research
Excellence; and the University of Toronto. Funding from ERC grant 259505
supports JD, EC, and TL. We thank George Efstathiou and Steven Gratton
for useful discussions, and Christian Reichardt for help with the SPT
data. We acknowledge the use of the Legacy Archive for Microwave
Background Data Analysis (LAMBDA). Support for LAMBDA is provided by the
NASA Office of Space Science. The likelihood codes will be made public
through LAMBDA (http://lambda.gsfc.nasa.gov/) and the ACT
website(http://www.physics.princeton.edu/act/).
NR 73
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PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1475-7516
J9 J COSMOL ASTROPART P
JI J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.
PD JUL
PY 2013
IS 7
AR 025
DI 10.1088/1475-7516/2013/07/025
PG 32
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 193SO
UT WOS:000322582000026
ER
PT J
AU Hasselfield, M
Hilton, M
Marriage, TA
Addison, GE
Barrientos, LF
Battaglia, N
Battistelli, ES
Bond, JR
Crichton, D
Das, S
Devlin, MJ
Dicker, SR
Dunkley, J
Dunner, R
Fowler, JW
Gralla, MB
Hajian, A
Halpern, M
Hincks, AD
Hlozek, R
Hughes, JP
Infante, L
Irwin, KD
Kosowsky, A
Marsden, D
Menanteau, F
Moodley, K
Niemack, MD
Nolta, MR
Page, LA
Partridge, B
Reese, ED
Schmitt, BL
Sehgal, N
Sherwin, BD
Sievers, J
Sifon, C
Spergel, DN
Staggs, ST
Swetz, DS
Switzer, ER
Thornton, R
Trac, H
Wollack, EJ
AF Hasselfield, Matthew
Hilton, Matt
Marriage, Tobias A.
Addison, Graeme E.
Barrientos, L. Felipe
Battaglia, Nicholas
Battistelli, Elia S.
Bond, J. Richard
Crichton, Devin
Das, Sudeep
Devlin, Mark J.
Dicker, Simon R.
Dunkley, Joanna
Duenner, Rolando
Fowler, Joseph W.
Gralla, Megan B.
Hajian, Amir
Halpern, Mark
Hincks, Adam D.
Hlozek, Renee
Hughes, John P.
Infante, Leopoldo
Irwin, Kent D.
Kosowsky, Arthur
Marsden, Danica
Menanteau, Felipe
Moodley, Kavilan
Niemack, Michael D.
Nolta, Michael R.
Page, Lyman A.
Partridge, Bruce
Reese, Erik D.
Schmitt, Benjamin L.
Sehgal, Neelima
Sherwin, Blake D.
Sievers, Jon
Sifon, Cristobal
Spergel, David N.
Staggs, Suzanne T.
Swetz, Daniel S.
Switzer, Eric R.
Thornton, Robert
Trac, Hy
Wollack, Edward J.
TI The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Sunyaev-Zel'dovich selected galaxy
clusters at 148 GHz from three seasons of data
SO JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxy clusters; Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect
ID SOUTH-POLE TELESCOPE; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; GREATER-THAN 1; MICROWAVE
BACKGROUND ANISOTROPIES; DARK-ENERGY CONSTRAINTS;
HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; X-RAY DATA; SCALING RELATIONS; POWER SPECTRUM;
RICH CLUSTERS
AB We present a catalog of 68 galaxy clusters, of which 19 are new discoveries, detected via the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect (SZ) at 148 GHz in the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) survey on the celestial equator. With this addition, the ACT collaboration has reported a total of 91 optically confirmed, SZ detected clusters. The 504 square degree survey region includes 270 square degrees of overlap with SDSS Stripe 82, permitting the confirmation of SZ cluster candidates in deep archival optical data. The subsample of 48 clusters within Stripe 82 is estimated to be 90% complete for M-500c > 4.5 x 10(14)M(circle dot) and redshifts 0.15 < z < 0.8. While a full suite of matched filters is used to detect the clusters, the sample is studied further through a "Profile Based Amplitude Analysis" using a statistic derived from a single filter at a fixed theta(500) = 5'.9 angular scale. This new approach incorporates the cluster redshift along with prior information on the cluster pressure profile to fix the relationship between the cluster characteristic size (R-500) and the integrated Compton parameter (Y-500). We adopt a one-parameter family of "Universal Pressure Profiles" (UPP) with associated scaling laws, derived from X-ray measurements of nearby clusters, as a baseline model. Three additional models of cluster physics are used to investigate a range of scaling relations beyond the UPP prescription. Assuming a concordance cosmology, the UPP scalings are found to be nearly identical to an adiabatic model, while a model incorporating non-thermal pressure better matches dynamical mass measurements and masses from the South Pole Telescope. A high signal to noise ratio subsample of 15 ACT clusters with complete optical follow-up is used to obtain cosmological constraints. We demonstrate, using fixed scaling relations, how the constraints depend on the assumed gas model if only SZ measurements are used, and show that constraints from SZ data are limited by uncertainty in the scaling relation parameters rather than sample size or measurement uncertainty. We next add in seven clusters from the ACT Southern survey, including their dynamical mass measurements, which are based on galaxy velocity dispersions and thus are independent of the gas physics. In combination with WMAP7 these data simultaneously constrain the scaling relation and cosmological parameters, yielding 68% confidence ranges described by sigma(8) = 0.829 +/- 0.024 and Omega(m) = 0.292 +/- 0.025. We consider these results in the context of constraints from CMB and other cluster studies. The constraints arise mainly due to the inclusion of the dynamical mass information and do not require strong priors on the SZ scaling relation parameters. The results include marginalization over a 15% bias in dynamical masses relative to the true halo mass. In an extension to Lambda CDM that incorporates non-zero neutrino mass density, we combine our data with WMAP7, Baryon Acoustic Oscillation data, and Hubble constant measurements to constrain the sum of the neutrino mass species to be Sigma(nu)m(nu) < 0.29eV (95% confidence limit).
C1 [Hasselfield, Matthew; Hlozek, Renee; Sievers, Jon; Spergel, David N.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Hasselfield, Matthew; Addison, Graeme E.; Battistelli, Elia S.; Halpern, Mark] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Hilton, Matt; Moodley, Kavilan] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Math Stat & Comp Sci, Astrophys & Cosmol Res Unit, ZA-4041 Durban, South Africa.
[Hilton, Matt] Univ Nottingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Ctr Astron & Particle Theory, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England.
[Marriage, Tobias A.; Crichton, Devin; Gralla, Megan B.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Addison, Graeme E.; Dunkley, Joanna] Univ Oxford, Dept Astrophys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England.
[Barrientos, L. Felipe; Duenner, Rolando; Infante, Leopoldo] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Fis, Dept Astron & Astrofis, Santiago 22, Chile.
[Battaglia, Nicholas; Trac, Hy] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Battaglia, Nicholas; Bond, J. Richard; Hajian, Amir; Hincks, Adam D.; Nolta, Michael R.; Sievers, Jon; Switzer, Eric R.] Univ Toronto, Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada.
[Battistelli, Elia S.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dept Phys, I-00185 Rome, Italy.
[Das, Sudeep] Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Lemont, IL 60439 USA.
[Das, Sudeep] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Ctr Cosmol Phys, LBL, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Das, Sudeep] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Devlin, Mark J.; Dicker, Simon R.; Marsden, Danica; Reese, Erik D.; Schmitt, Benjamin L.; Swetz, Daniel S.; Thornton, Robert] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Fowler, Joseph W.; Irwin, Kent D.; Niemack, Michael D.; Swetz, Daniel S.] NIST, Quantum Devices Grp, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Fowler, Joseph W.; Niemack, Michael D.; Sherwin, Blake D.; Staggs, Suzanne T.] Princeton Univ, Joseph Henry Labs Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Hughes, John P.; Menanteau, Felipe] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Kosowsky, Arthur] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA.
[Marsden, Danica] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Niemack, Michael D.] Cornell Univ, Dept Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Partridge, Bruce] Haverford Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Haverford, PA 19041 USA.
[Sehgal, Neelima] Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Sifon, Cristobal] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands.
[Thornton, Robert] West Chester Univ Penn, Dept Phys, W Chester, PA 19383 USA.
[Wollack, Edward J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Hasselfield, M (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
EM mhasse@astro.princeton.edu; hiltonm@ukzn.ac.za; marriage@pha.jhu.edu
RI Spergel, David/A-4410-2011; Hilton, Matthew James/N-5860-2013; Trac,
Hy/N-8838-2014; Wollack, Edward/D-4467-2012;
OI Trac, Hy/0000-0001-6778-3861; Wollack, Edward/0000-0002-7567-4451;
Menanteau, Felipe/0000-0002-1372-2534; Sievers,
Jonathan/0000-0001-6903-5074; Sifon, Cristobal/0000-0002-8149-1352
FU U.S. National Science Foundation [AST-0408698, AST-0965625, PHY-0855887,
PHY-1214379]; Princeton University; University of Pennsylvania; Canada
Foundation for Innovation (CFI) award; Comision Nacional de
Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica de Chile (CONICYT); CFI;
Government of Ontario; Ontario Research Fund - Research Excellence;
University of Toronto; Compute Canada
FX This work was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation through
awards AST-0408698 and AST-0965625 for the ACT project, as well as
awards PHY-0855887 and PHY-1214379. Funding was also provided by
Princeton University, the University of Pennsylvania, and a Canada
Foundation for Innovation (CFI) award to UBC. ACT operates in the Parque
Astronomico Atacama in northern Chile under the auspices of the Comision
Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica de Chile (CONICYT).
Computations were performed on the GPC supercomputer at the SciNet HPC
Consortium. SciNet is funded by the CFI under the auspices of Compute
Canada, the Government of Ontario, the Ontario Research Fund - Research
Excellence; and the University of Toronto.
NR 126
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U1 0
U2 12
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1475-7516
J9 J COSMOL ASTROPART P
JI J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.
PD JUL
PY 2013
IS 7
AR 008
DI 10.1088/1475-7516/2013/07/008
PG 62
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 193SO
UT WOS:000322582000009
ER
PT J
AU Hu, M
Zhang, TC
Stansbury, J
Neal, J
Garboczi, EJ
AF Hu, Meng
Zhang, Tian C.
Stansbury, John
Neal, Jill
Garboczi, Edward J.
TI Determination of Porosity and Thickness of Biofilm Attached on
Irregular-Shaped Media
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Biofilm; Porosity; Measurement; Thickness; Biofilm; Density; Porosity;
Thickness; Measurement method
ID WASTE-WATER; SUBSTRATE; PARTICLES; DENSITY; SYSTEMS; GROWTH
AB Biofilm density, porosity, and thickness are biofilm architecture properties that are important but often difficult to measure. In this study, wet and dry biofilm densities and biofilm porosity in shredded tire biofilters were measured using a volumetric displacement method and a new porosity equation. Methods for determining the surface area and mean thickness of biofilms attached to shredded tires were developed on the basis of the box- and ellipsoid-shape models with the data of (1)the volume calculated from the measured weight of the filter medium () or (2)the three longest lines of the filter medium measured with a digital caliper. As a benchmark, the surface area of the shredded tire particles were calculated from X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanning and compared to, and linearly correlated with, the results from the models. The ellipsoid-shape model with the modified length-width-depth data and was determined to be the best model to compute the surface area and biofilm thickness. The method of biofilm thickness measurement may be applicable in attached growth systems packed with other irregular-shaped media. (C) 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers.
C1 [Hu, Meng] Univ Maryland, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Hu, Meng; Zhang, Tian C.; Stansbury, John] Univ Nebraska, Dept Civil Engn, Omaha, NE 68182 USA.
[Neal, Jill] US EPA, Water Supply & Water Resources Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Garboczi, Edward J.] NIST, Mat & Struct Syst Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Hu, M (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM mhu@umd.edu; tzhang@unomaha.edu; jstansbury@unl.edu; neal.jill@epa.gov;
Edward.garboczi@nist.gov
FU University of Nebraska-Lincoln; Nebraska Center for Energy Sciences
Research; USEPA Project Advanced Decentralized Water/Energy Network
Design for Sustainable Infrastructure (EPA) [CR-83419301]; NIST Project
Innovative Measurement Science for Shape Metrology
FX The authors would like to thank the University of Nebraska-Lincoln,
especially the Nebraska Center for Energy Sciences Research for funding
the study, along with the USEPA Project Advanced Decentralized
Water/Energy Network Design for Sustainable Infrastructure (EPA #:
CR-83419301) and the NIST Project Innovative Measurement Science for
Shape Metrology.
NR 25
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 27
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0733-9372
J9 J ENVIRON ENG
JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE
PD JUL 1
PY 2013
VL 139
IS 7
BP 923
EP 931
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000699
PG 9
WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 193DF
UT WOS:000322537100001
ER
PT J
AU Dennis, RV
Schultz, BJ
Jaye, C
Wang, X
Fischer, DA
Cartwright, AN
Banerjee, S
AF Dennis, Robert V.
Schultz, Brian J.
Jaye, Cherno
Wang, Xi
Fischer, Daniel A.
Cartwright, Alexander N.
Banerjee, Sarbajit
TI Near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy study of nitrogen
incorporation in chemically reduced graphene oxide
SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B
LA English
DT Article
ID DOPED GRAPHENE; GRAPHITE OXIDE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; MONOLAYER
GRAPHENE; CARBON-FILMS; REDUCTION; GAS; HYBRIDIZATION; TRANSPARENT;
PROGRESS
AB The chemical reduction of exfoliated graphene oxide (GO) has gained widespread acceptance as a scalable route for the preparation of chemically derived graphene albeit with remnant topological defects and residual functional groups that preclude realization of the conductance of single-layered graphene. Reduction of GO with hydrazine is substantially effective in restoring the p-conjugated framework of graphene and leads to about a five-to-six orders of magnitude decrease of sheet resistance, but has also been found to result in incidental nitrogen incorporation. Here, the authors use a combination of x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and C, O, and N K-edge near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy to examine the local geometric and electronic structure of the incorporated nitrogen species. Both NEXAFS and XPS data suggest substantial recovery of the sp(2)-hybridized graphene framework upon chemical reduction and removal of epoxide, ketone, hydroxyl, and carboxylic acid species. Two distinct types of nitrogen atoms with pyridinic and pyrrolic character are identified in reduced graphene oxide. The N K-edge NEXAFS spectra suggest that the nitrogen atoms are stabilized within aromatic heterocycles such as pyrazole rings, which has been further corroborated by comparison to standards. The pyrazole fragments are thought to be stabilized by reaction of diketo groups on the edges of graphene sheets with hydrazine. The incorporation of nitrogen within reduced graphene oxide thus leads to local bonding configurations very distinct from substitutional doping observed for graphene grown by chemical vapor deposition in the presence of NH3. (C) 2013 American Vacuum Society.
C1 [Dennis, Robert V.; Schultz, Brian J.; Banerjee, Sarbajit] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Chem, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
[Jaye, Cherno; Fischer, Daniel A.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Wang, Xi; Cartwright, Alexander N.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Elect Engn, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
RP Dennis, RV (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Chem, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
EM sb244@buffalo.edu
RI Cartwright, Alexander/C-4380-2008
OI Cartwright, Alexander/0000-0002-0921-8036
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; National Science Foundation [CHE 1048740]
FX Certain commercial names are presented in this manuscript for purposes
of illustration and do not constitute an endorsement by the National
Institute of Standards and Technology. Use of the National Synchrotron
Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. The XPS instrument used
in this study was acquired through support from the National Science
Foundation under CHE 1048740.
NR 58
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U2 57
PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 1071-1023
J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B
JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 31
IS 4
AR 041204
DI 10.1116/1.4813058
PG 9
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics
GA 190YO
UT WOS:000322379800020
ER
PT J
AU Jackson, A
Beers, KM
Chen, XC
Hexemer, A
Pople, JA
Kerr, JB
Balsara, NP
AF Jackson, Andrew
Beers, Keith M.
Chen, X. Chelsea
Hexemer, Alexander
Pople, John A.
Kerr, John B.
Balsara, Nitash P.
TI Design of a humidity controlled sample stage for simultaneous
conductivity and synchrotron X-ray scattering measurements
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID POLYMER ELECTROLYTE MEMBRANES; SMALL-ANGLE SCATTERING; BLOCK-COPOLYMERS;
DIFFRACTION; NAFION; MORPHOLOGY; STATE; CELLS
AB We report on the design and operation of a novel sample stage, used to simultaneously measure X-ray scattering profiles and conductivity of a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) surrounded by humid air as a function of temperature and relative humidity. We present data obtained at the Advanced Light Source and Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory. We demonstrate precise humidity control and accurate determination of morphology and conductivity over a wide range of temperatures. The sample stage is used to study structure-property relationships of a semi-crystalline block copolymer PEM, sulfonated polystyrene-block-polyethylene. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Jackson, Andrew] European Spallat Source ESS AB, S-22100 Lund, Sweden.
[Jackson, Andrew] Univ Delaware, Dept Chem Engn, Newark, DC 19716 USA.
[Jackson, Andrew] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Jackson, Andrew; Kerr, John B.; Balsara, Nitash P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Beers, Keith M.; Chen, X. Chelsea; Balsara, Nitash P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Beers, Keith M.] Exponent, Natick, MA 01760 USA.
[Beers, Keith M.; Balsara, Nitash P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Hexemer, Alexander] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Pople, John A.] Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Jackson, A (reprint author), European Spallat Source ESS AB, POB 176, S-22100 Lund, Sweden.
EM andrew.jackson@esss.se; nbalsara@berkeley.edu
RI Jackson, Andrew/B-9793-2008
OI Jackson, Andrew/0000-0002-6296-0336
FU Soft Matter Electron Microscopy Program; Office of Science, Office of
Basic Energy Science, U.S. Department of Energy; Fuel Cell Technologies
Program, Energy Efficiency, and Renewable Energy Division
[DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
of the U.S. Department of Energy
FX Funding for this work was provided by the Soft Matter Electron
Microscopy Program, supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic
Energy Science, U.S. Department of Energy, and the Fuel Cell
Technologies Program, Energy Efficiency, and Renewable Energy Division
under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. We thank Rene Delano of the Center
for X-ray Optics machine shop for assistance in the fabrication of this
cell. SAXS experiments were performed at the Advanced Light Source (ALS)
and the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (SSRL). The ALS is a
DOE national user facility and is supported by the Director, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of
Energy under the same contract. SSRL is a Directorate of SLAC National
Accelerator Laboratory and an Office of Science User Facility operated
for the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science by Stanford
University. Certain commercial equipment, instruments, materials,
suppliers, and software are identified in this paper to foster
understanding. Such identification does not imply recommendation or
endorsement by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, nor
does it imply that the materials or equipment identified are necessarily
the best available for the purpose.
NR 22
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U1 0
U2 27
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 84
IS 7
AR 075114
DI 10.1063/1.4815981
PG 7
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 194AI
UT WOS:000322602200077
PM 23902113
ER
PT J
AU Nowakowski, BK
Smith, DT
Smith, ST
Correa, LF
Cook, RF
AF Nowakowski, B. K.
Smith, D. T.
Smith, S. T.
Correa, L. F.
Cook, R. F.
TI Development of a precision nanoindentation platform
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; INSTRUMENTED INDENTATION; HARDNESS MEASUREMENT;
CALIBRATION; INDENTERS; DEPTH; LOAD
AB The design, construction, and performance of a surface-referenced nanoindentation instrument, termed a precision nanoindentation platform (PNP), are presented. The PNP is a symmetrically designed instrument with a centrally located indenter tip attached to a force cell for measuring the forces between the tip and a specimen. Penetration of the indenter tip into the specimen surface is measured using two proximity sensors placed symmetrically about the indenter. Each proximity sensor is attached to a piezoelectric actuator that is servo controlled to maintain the sensor and the reference frame to which it is attached at a constant height relative to the specimen surface. As the indenter tip penetrates the specimen surface, the movement of the tip relative to the two surface reference frames is measured using capacitance gauges and the average of these displacements is used as a measure of penetration depth. The current indenter is capable of applying indentation forces of up to 150 mN with a noise floor below 2 mu N rms for a sampling rate of 1 kHz, and measuring displacement with 0.4 nm rms noise for the same sampling rate. The proximity sensors are capable of maintaining surface height variations of less than 1.0 nm with penetration depths of up to 10 mu m. Long-term stability tests indicate a total uncertainty in indentation depth less than 10 nm for periods as long as 12 h. To demonstrate instrument accuracy, repeated indention cycles were performed on a fused silica specimen using incrementally increasing indention force. From this test, an average value of 72 GPa +/- 1.5 GPa for the Young's modulus was obtained from the elastic unloading curves for 10 measurements ranging in maximum force from 5 mN to 50 mN. To demonstrate longer-term instrument stability, a poly(methyl methacrylate) specimen was subjected to a fixed 5 mN indentation force for 4 h; two distinct creep-like mechanisms were observed. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Nowakowski, B. K.; Smith, D. T.; Correa, L. F.; Cook, R. F.] NIST, Nanomech Properties Grp, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Smith, S. T.] UNC Charlotte, Ctr Precis Metrol, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA.
RP Smith, DT (reprint author), NIST, Nanomech Properties Grp, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM douglas.smith@nist.gov
RI Smith, Douglas/I-4403-2016
OI Smith, Douglas/0000-0002-9358-3449
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Innovations in
Measurement Science program
FX This work was supported in part by funding from the National Institute
of Standards and Technology (NIST) Innovations in Measurement Science
program. Certain commercial equipment, instruments, or materials are
identified in this paper in order to specify the experimental procedure
adequately. Such identification is not intended to imply recommendation
or endorsement by NIST, nor is it intended to imply that the materials
or equipment identified are necessarily the best available for the
purpose.
NR 25
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U2 24
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 84
IS 7
AR 075110
DI 10.1063/1.4811195
PG 10
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 194AI
UT WOS:000322602200073
PM 23902109
ER
PT J
AU Tung, RC
Killgore, JP
Hurley, DC
AF Tung, Ryan C.
Killgore, Jason P.
Hurley, Donna C.
TI Hydrodynamic corrections to contact resonance atomic force microscopy
measurements of viscoelastic loss tangent
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Article
ID ACOUSTIC MICROSCOPY; ELASTIC PROPERTIES; VISCOUS FLUIDS;
ENERGY-DISSIPATION; FREQUENCY-RESPONSE; METALLIC-GLASS; NICKEL
AB We present a method to improve accuracy in measurements of nanoscale viscoelastic material properties with contact resonance atomic force microscope methods. Through the use of the two-dimensional hydrodynamic function, we obtain a more precise estimate of the fluid damping experienced by the cantilever-sample system in contact resonance experiments, leading to more accurate values for the tip-sample damping and related material properties. Specifically, we consider the damping and added mass effects generated by both the proximity of the cantilever to the sample surface and the frequency dependence on the hydrodynamic loading of the system. The theoretical correction method is implemented on experimental contact resonance measurements. The measurements are taken on a thin polystyrene film and are used to determine the viscoelastic loss tangent, tan delta, of the material. The magnitude of the corrections become significant on materials with low tan delta (<0.1) and are especially important for measurements made with the first flexural mode of vibration.
C1 [Tung, Ryan C.; Killgore, Jason P.; Hurley, Donna C.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Tung, RC (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM ryan.tung@nist.gov
FU National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the National
Institute of Standards and Technology
FX This research was performed while Ryan C. Tung held a National Research
Council Research Associateship Award at the National Institute of
Standards and Technology. We thank L. M. Cox and Y. Ding (University of
Colorado-Boulder) for DMA measurements and time-temperature
superposition analysis.
NR 35
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PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 84
IS 7
AR 073703
DI 10.1063/1.4812633
PG 7
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 194AI
UT WOS:000322602200036
PM 23902072
ER
PT J
AU Harrison, DE
Carson, M
AF Harrison, D. E.
Carson, Mark
TI Recent sea level and upper ocean temperature variability and trends;
cook islands regional results and perspective
SO CLIMATIC CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID WORLD OCEAN; PACIFIC; ANOMALIES; DYNAMICS; IMPACTS
AB The goal of this paper is to provide information on the sea level and upper ocean temperature variability and trends in the Cook Islands region within a global context. Oceanic fisheries variability and change take place within the physical environment. Because the state of the historical data set is not as would be desired, we begin with some review of data distribution issues. We provide some new results from the Cook Islands region but draw upon previous work for information about the global and ocean-basin scale context. There are clear trends over recent decades in sea level and, generally, in upper ocean temperature, but there is also substantial interannual and interdecadal variability, which are larger locally than globally. Because of this variability, it is not possible to say if recent Cook Islands regional trends are representative of longer-term trends, or if longer-term trends have increased recently. Trends in the Cook Islands region over the last four decades are similar to 0.1-0.3 degrees C per decade in near surface temperature and similar to 2-3 cm sea level per decade.
C1 [Harrison, D. E.] NOAA PMEL, Seattle, WA USA.
[Harrison, D. E.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Carson, Mark] Univ Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
RP Harrison, DE (reprint author), NOAA PMEL, Seattle, WA USA.
EM d.e.harrison@noaa.gov
RI Harrison, Don/D-9582-2013
FU NOAA Office of Climate Observations and NOAA's Pacific Marine
Environment Laboratory; Cnes
FX This work was supported by the NOAA Office of Climate Observations and
NOAA's Pacific Marine Environment Laboratory. "The altimeter products
were produced by Ssalto/Duacs and distributed by Aviso, with support
from Cnes (http://www.aviso.oceanobs.com/duacs/)." The tide gauge data
was provided by the Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level.
NR 25
TC 0
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U1 0
U2 9
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-0009
EI 1573-1480
J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE
JI Clim. Change
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 119
IS 1
SI SI
BP 37
EP 48
DI 10.1007/s10584-012-0580-8
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 185GC
UT WOS:000321953700005
ER
PT J
AU Howell, EA
Wabnitz, CCC
Dunne, JP
Polovina, JJ
AF Howell, Evan A.
Wabnitz, Colette C. C.
Dunne, John P.
Polovina, Jeffrey J.
TI Climate-induced primary productivity change and fishing impacts on the
Central North Pacific ecosystem and Hawaii-based pelagic longline
fishery
SO CLIMATIC CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS; MARINE ECOSYSTEMS; MANAGEMENT; PREDATORS;
ECOPATH; ECOSIM; OCEAN; DYNAMICS; MODELS; TUNA
AB An existing Ecopath with Ecosim (EwE) model for the Central North Pacific was updated and modified to focus on the area used by the Hawaii-based pelagic longline fishery. The EwE model was combined with output from a coupled NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory climate and biogeochemical model to investigate the likely ecosystem impacts of fishing and climate-induced primary productivity changes. Four simulations were conducted based on 2 fishing effort and climate scenarios from 2010 to 2100. Modeled small and large phytoplankton biomass decreased by 10 % and 20 % respectively, resulting in a 10 % decline in the total biomass of all higher trophic level groups combined. Climate impacts also affected the Hawaii longline fishery, with a 25-29 % reduction in modeled target species yield. Climate impacts on the ecosystem and the fishery were partially mitigated by a drop in fishing effort. Scenarios with a 50 % reduction in fishing effort partially restored longline target species yield to current levels, and decreased longline nontarget species yield. These model results suggest that a further reduction in fishery landings mortality over time than the 2010 level may be necessary to mitigate climate impacts and help sustain yields of commercially preferred fish species targeted by the Hawaii longline fishery through the 21st century.
C1 [Howell, Evan A.; Polovina, Jeffrey J.] NOAA, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Wabnitz, Colette C. C.] Secretariat Pacific Community, Coastal Fisheries Sci & Management Sect, Noumea 98848, New Caledonia.
[Dunne, John P.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
RP Howell, EA (reprint author), NOAA, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
EM Evan.Howell@noaa.gov
RI Dunne, John/F-8086-2012;
OI Dunne, John/0000-0002-8794-0489; Howell, Evan/0000-0001-9904-4633
FU NOAA Fisheries and the Environment (FATE) program [NA10NMF4520325]
FX The authors would like to acknowledge Villy Christensen, Carl Walters,
Christofer Boggs, Phoebe Woodworth-Jefcoats, Keith Bigelow, Pierre
Kleiber, Megan Duncan, Michael Seki, Matthew Parry, Charles Stock, Joe
Buszowski, and Kelly Kearney for productive discussions and/or Ecopath
assistance. The authors would also like to thank Evgeny Pakhomov and
Brian Hunt from the University of British Columbia, Brian Popp, Anela
Choy, and Jeff Drazen from the University of Hawaii, Peter Williams and
Colin Millar of the Secretariat of the Pacific Community, John Childers
of the NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Dean Courtney of the
NOAA Southeast Fisheries Science Center, and Kevin Piner and Brent
Miyamoto of the Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center for assistance
in obtaining data and model parameter estimates. This research was
conducted with partial support and as part of the NOAA Fisheries and the
Environment (FATE) program, as well as funding under NA10NMF4520325 to
CW.
NR 42
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PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-0009
J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE
JI Clim. Change
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 119
IS 1
SI SI
BP 79
EP 93
DI 10.1007/s10584-012-0597-z
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 185GC
UT WOS:000321953700008
ER
PT J
AU Hollowed, AB
Curchitser, EN
Stock, CA
Zhang, CI
AF Hollowed, Anne Babcock
Curchitser, Enrique N.
Stock, Charles A.
Zhang, Chang Ik
TI Trade-offs associated with different modeling approaches for assessment
of fish and shellfish responses to climate change
SO CLIMATIC CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID EASTERN BERING-SEA; POLLOCK THERAGRA-CHALCOGRAMMA; US WEST-COAST;
MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES; ECOSYSTEM MODELS; MARINE ECOSYSTEM; SKILL
ASSESSMENT; CHANGE SCENARIOS; DYNAMICS MODEL; FOOD WEBS
AB Considerable progress has been made in integrating carbon, nutrient, phytoplankton and zooplankton dynamics into global-scale physical climate models. Scientists are exploring ways to extend the resolution of the biosphere within these Earth system models (ESMs) to include impacts on global distribution and abundance of commercially exploited fish and shellfish. This paper compares different methods for modeling fish and shellfish responses to climate change on global and regional scales. Several different modeling approaches are considered including: direct applications of ESM's, use of ESM output for estimation of shifts in bioclimatic windows, using ESM outputs to force single-and multispecies stock projection models, and using ESM and physical climate model outputs to force regional bio-physical models of varying complexity and mechanistic resolution. We evaluate the utility of each of these modeling approaches in addressing nine key questions relevant to climate change impacts on living marine resources. No single modeling approach was capable of fully addressing each question. A blend of highly mechanistic and less computationally intensive methods is recommended to gain mechanistic insights and to identify model uncertainties.
C1 [Hollowed, Anne Babcock] NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Curchitser, Enrique N.] Rutgers State Univ, Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, Dept Environm Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[Stock, Charles A.] Princeton Univ, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Zhang, Chang Ik] Pukyong Natl Univ, Div Marine Prod Syst Management, Pusan 608737, South Korea.
RP Hollowed, AB (reprint author), NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM anne.hollowed@noaa.gov
OI Stock, Charles/0000-0001-9549-8013
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U2 32
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-0009
J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE
JI Clim. Change
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 119
IS 1
SI SI
BP 111
EP 129
DI 10.1007/s10584-012-0641-z
PG 19
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 185GC
UT WOS:000321953700010
ER
PT J
AU Nicol, SJ
Allain, V
Pilling, GM
Polovina, J
Coll, M
Bell, J
Dalzell, P
Sharples, P
Olson, R
Griffiths, S
Dambacher, JM
Young, J
Lewis, A
Hampton, J
Molina, JJ
Hoyle, S
Briand, K
Bax, N
Lehodey, P
Williams, P
AF Nicol, Simon J.
Allain, Valerie
Pilling, Graham M.
Polovina, Jeff
Coll, Marta
Bell, Johann
Dalzell, Paul
Sharples, Peter
Olson, Robert
Griffiths, Shane
Dambacher, Jeffrey M.
Young, Jock
Lewis, Antony
Hampton, John
Molina, Jesus Jurado
Hoyle, Simon
Briand, Karine
Bax, Nic
Lehodey, Patrick
Williams, Peter
TI An ocean observation system for monitoring the affects of climate change
on the ecology and sustainability of pelagic fisheries in the Pacific
Ocean
SO CLIMATIC CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID MARINE ECOSYSTEMS; EASTERN AUSTRALIA; TROPHIC CASCADES; TOP PREDATORS;
FOOD-WEB; EL-NINO; DYNAMICS; ECOPATH; MODEL; BIODIVERSITY
AB Climate change presents an emerging challenge to the sustainable management of tuna fisheries, and robust information is essential to ensure future sustainability. Climate and harvest affect tuna stocks, populations of non-target, dependent species and the ecosystem. To provide relevant advice we need an improved understanding of oceanic ecosystems and better data to parameterise the models that forecast the impacts of climate change. Currently ocean-wide data collection in the Pacific Ocean is primarily restricted to oceanographic data. However, the fisheries observer programs that operate in the region offer an opportunity to collect the additional information on the mid and upper trophic levels of the ecosystem that is necessary to complement this physical data, including time-series of distribution, abundance, size, composition and biological information on target and non-target species and mid trophic level organisms. These observer programs are in their infancy, with limited temporal and spatial distribution but recent international and national policy decisions have been made to expand their coverage. We identify a number of actions to initiate this monitoring including: consolidating collaborations to ensure the use of best quality data; developing consistency between sub-regional observer programmes to ensure that they meet the objectives of ecosystem monitoring; interrogating of existing time series to determine the most appropriate spatial template for monitoring; and exploring existing ecosystem models to identify suitable indicators of ecosystem status and change. The information obtained should improve capacity to develop fisheries management policies that are resilient and can be adapted to climate change.
C1 [Nicol, Simon J.; Allain, Valerie; Pilling, Graham M.; Polovina, Jeff; Sharples, Peter; Lewis, Antony; Hampton, John; Molina, Jesus Jurado; Hoyle, Simon; Briand, Karine; Williams, Peter] Secretariat Pacific Community, Noumea 98848, New Caledonia.
[Polovina, Jeff] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Coll, Marta] Inst Ciencias Mar, Barcelona 08003, Spain.
[Dalzell, Paul] Western Pacific Reg Fisheries Management Council, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA.
[Olson, Robert] Interamer Trop Tuna Commiss, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Griffiths, Shane] Commonwealth Sci & Ind Res Org, Dutton Pk, Qld 4102, Australia.
[Dambacher, Jeffrey M.; Young, Jock; Bax, Nic] Commonwealth Sci & Ind Res Org, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia.
[Lehodey, Patrick] CLS, Space Oceanog Div, F-31520 Ramonville St Agne, Saint Agne, France.
RP Nicol, SJ (reprint author), Secretariat Pacific Community, BP D5, Noumea 98848, New Caledonia.
EM simonn@spc.int
RI Bax, Nicholas/A-2321-2012
OI Bax, Nicholas/0000-0002-9697-4963
FU Global Environment Facility Pacific Islands Oceanic Fisheries Management
project; 9th European Union Development Fund (SCIFISH project); 10th
European Union Development Fund (SCICOFISH project); Australian
Government Overseas Aid Program (AusAID); Deutsche Gesellschaft fur
Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ)
FX Financial support was provided by the Global Environment Facility
Pacific Islands Oceanic Fisheries Management project, the 9th European
Union Development Fund (SCIFISH project), the 10th European Union
Development Fund (SCICOFISH project), Australian Government Overseas Aid
Program (AusAID) and Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Internationale
Zusammenarbeit (GIZ). We would like to thank the following persons for
the provision of data and information on observer programmes: Nick
Vogel, Stephen Brouwer, Karl Staisch, Tim Park, Stuart Arceneaux, Lesley
Jantz, Eric Forney, John D. Kelly and Kevin Busscher.
NR 69
TC 13
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U1 3
U2 63
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-0009
J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE
JI Clim. Change
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 119
IS 1
SI SI
BP 131
EP 145
DI 10.1007/s10584-012-0598-y
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 185GC
UT WOS:000321953700011
ER
PT J
AU Salinger, MJ
Bell, JD
Evans, K
Hobday, AJ
Allain, V
Brander, K
Dexter, P
Harrison, DE
Hollowed, AB
Lee, B
Stefanski, R
AF Salinger, M. J.
Bell, J. D.
Evans, K.
Hobday, A. J.
Allain, V.
Brander, K.
Dexter, P.
Harrison, D. E.
Hollowed, A. B.
Lee, B.
Stefanski, R.
TI Climate and oceanic fisheries: recent observations and projections and
future needs
SO CLIMATIC CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES; PACIFIC; ECOSYSTEMS; MARINE; WATER; FISH; SHIFTS
AB Several lines of evidence show that climatic variation and global warming can have a major effect on fisheries production and replenishment. To prevent overfishing and rebuild overfished stocks under changing and uncertain environmental conditions, new research partnerships between fisheries scientists and climate change experts are required. The International Workshop on Climate and Oceanic Fisheries held in Rarotonga, Cook Islands, 3-5 October 2011, brought representatives from these disciplines together to consider the effects of climate variability and change on oceanic fisheries, the tools and strategies required for identifying potential impacts on oceanic fisheries, and the priority adaptations for sustaining future harvests, especially in the Pacific Ocean. Recommendations made by the workshop included (1) development and implementation of sustainable management measures for fisheries; (2) long-term commitment to monitoring necessary to assess stock status and to conduct integrated ecosystem assessments; (3) process oriented research to evaluate the potential of marine species for adaptation to a changing ocean environment; (4) provision of improved national meteorological and hydrological services to fisheries agencies, enterprises and communities; (5) continuing communication of potential impacts and adaptation strategies to stakeholders to reduce the threats to oceanic fisheries and capitalise on opportunities; and (6) continued collaborative efforts between meteorological, oceanographic, biological and fisheries researchers and management agencies to better monitor and understand the impacts of short-term variability and longer-term change on oceanic fisheries.
C1 [Salinger, M. J.] Stanford Univ, Woods Inst Environm, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Bell, J. D.; Allain, V.] Secretariat Pacific Community, Noumea 98848, New Caledonia.
[Evans, K.; Hobday, A. J.] CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Res, Wealth Oceans & Climate Adaptat Flagships, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia.
[Brander, K.] Tech Univ Denmark, Danish Inst Aquat Resources, Danish Tech Univ, DK-2920 Charlottenlund, Denmark.
[Dexter, P.] Bur Meteorol, Melbourne, Vic 3001, Australia.
[Harrison, D. E.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Hollowed, A. B.] NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Lee, B.; Stefanski, R.] World Meteorol Org, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland.
RP Salinger, MJ (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Woods Inst Environm, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM salinger@orcon.net.nz
RI Evans, Karen/D-7110-2012; Hobday, Alistair/A-1460-2012; Harrison,
Don/D-9582-2013
OI Hobday, Alistair/0000-0002-3194-8326;
FU World Meteorological Organisation (WM); Asia-Pacific Network (APN);
Government of the Cook Islands; NOAA; University of Auckland; Australian
Government (through CSIRO); Australian Government (through the Bureau of
Meteorology); Australian Government (through AusAID); Government of New
Caledonia; Secretariat of the Pacific Community
FX The workshop in the Cook Islands was sponsored by the World
Meteorological Organisation (WM), the Asia-Pacific Network (APN), the
Government of the Cook Islands, NOAA, the University of Auckland, the
Australian Government (through CSIRO, the Bureau of Meteorology and
AusAID), the Government of New Caledonia and the Secretariat of the
Pacific Community. Issues discussed in this paper are motivated in part
by the CLIOTOP program.
NR 26
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 88
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-0009
J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE
JI Clim. Change
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 119
IS 1
SI SI
BP 213
EP 221
DI 10.1007/s10584-012-0652-9
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 185GC
UT WOS:000321953700016
ER
PT J
AU Garvin, MR
Kondzela, CM
Martin, PC
Finney, B
Guyon, J
Templin, WD
DeCovich, N
Gilk-Baumer, S
Gharrett, AJ
AF Garvin, Michael R.
Kondzela, Christine M.
Martin, Patrick C.
Finney, Bruce
Guyon, Jeffrey
Templin, William D.
DeCovich, Nick
Gilk-Baumer, Sara
Gharrett, Anthony J.
TI Recent physical connections may explain weak genetic structure in
western Alaskan chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) populations
SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Chum salmon; isolation-by-distance; landscape genetics; microsatellite;
population genetics; SNP
ID SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; HOLOCENE GLACIER FLUCTUATIONS; PACIFIC
RIM; CHINOOK SALMON; BERING-SEA; F-STATISTICS; CHUKCHI SEA; LEVEL;
NORTHERN; OCEAN
AB Low genetic divergence at neutral loci among populations is often the result of high levels of contemporary gene flow. Western Alaskan summer-run chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) populations demonstrate weak genetic structure, but invoking contemporary gene flow as the basis for the low divergence is problematic because salmon home to their natal streams and some of the populations are thousands of kilometers apart. We used genotypes from microsatellite and single nucleotide polymorphism loci to investigate alternative explanations for the current genetic structure of chum salmon populations from western Alaska. We also estimated current levels of gene flow among Kuskokwim River populations. Our results suggest that weak genetic structure is best explained by physical connections that occurred after the Holocene Thermal Maximum among the Yukon, Kuskokwim, and Nushagak drainages that allowed gene flow to occur among now distant populations.
C1 [Garvin, Michael R.; Gharrett, Anthony J.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Kondzela, Christine M.; Guyon, Jeffrey] NOAA, Auke Bay Labs, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Ted Stevens Marine Res Inst, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Martin, Patrick C.] Concerned Area M Fishermen, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Finney, Bruce] Idaho State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA.
[Finney, Bruce] Idaho State Univ, Dept Geosci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA.
[Templin, William D.; DeCovich, Nick; Gilk-Baumer, Sara] Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Div Commercial Fisheries, Anchorage, AK 99518 USA.
RP Garvin, MR (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, 17101 Point Lena Loop Rd, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
EM mrgarvin@alaska.edu
FU Rasmuson Foundation; University of Alaska Experimental Program; U. S.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Alaska Fisheries Science
Center; Arctic-Yukon-Kuskokwim Sustainable Salmon Initiative; HPC
resources from the Arctic Region Supercomputing Center; University of
Alaska Fairbanks; School of Fisheries; Ocean Sciences
FX We would like to thank the Rasmuson Foundation, the University of Alaska
Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research, the U. S.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Alaska Fisheries Science
Center, and the Arctic-Yukon-Kuskokwim Sustainable Salmon Initiative for
funding this work. This work was also supported by a grant of the HPC
resources from the Arctic Region Supercomputing Center. The findings and
conclusions presented by the authors, however, are their own and do not
necessarily reflect the views or positions of the funding agencies, or
the University of Alaska Fairbanks, School of Fisheries and Ocean
Sciences.
NR 72
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 12
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2045-7758
J9 ECOL EVOL
JI Ecol. Evol.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 3
IS 7
BP 2362
EP 2377
DI 10.1002/ece3.628
PG 16
WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA 185WY
UT WOS:000322002400045
PM 23919176
ER
PT J
AU Van Noord, JE
Olson, RJ
Redfern, JV
Kaufmann, RS
AF Van Noord, Joel E.
Olson, Robert J.
Redfern, Jessica V.
Kaufmann, Ronald S.
TI Diet and prey selectivity in three surface-migrating myctophids in the
eastern tropical Pacific
SO ICHTHYOLOGICAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Myctophids; Diet; Selectivity; Eastern tropical Pacific
ID WESTERN NORTH PACIFIC; FISHES FAMILY MYCTOPHIDAE; KUROSHIO REGION;
ZOOPLANKTON; PREDATION; MODELS; OCEAN
AB To test feeding selectivity, the diets of three surface-migrating myctophids [Myctophum nitidulum (n = 299), Symbolophorus reversus (n = 199), and Gonichthys tenuiculus (n = 82)] were compared to zooplankton prey collections at 32 stations in the eastern Pacific Ocean, August-November 2006. Myctophum nitidulum fed predominately on copepods (42.7 % by number) and ostracods (41.5 %), selected amphipods (p = 0.002) and ostracods (p = 0.014), and avoided copepods (p < 0.001). Symbolophorus reversus fed on copepods (32.5 % by number) and euphausiids (29.6 %) and selected euphausiids (p = 0.002) and amphipods (p = 0.008). Gonichthys tenuiculus fed on ostracods (34.6 %) and amphipods (27.3 %), but showed no significant selectivity.
C1 [Van Noord, Joel E.; Kaufmann, Ronald S.] Univ San Diego, Marine Sci & Environm Studies Dept, San Diego, CA 92110 USA.
[Olson, Robert J.] Interamer Trop Tuna Commiss, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Redfern, Jessica V.] SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Van Noord, JE (reprint author), Calif Wetfish Producers Assoc, POB 1951, Buellton, CA 93427 USA.
EM joel.van.noord@gmail.com
FU University of San Diego; Stephen Sullivan Memorial Scholarship
FX This research was partially funded by the University of San Diego and a
Stephen Sullivan Memorial Scholarship. We thank the many scientists at
NOAA's SWSFC who made these samples available, particularly: L.
Ballance, P. Fiedler, C. Hall, R. Pitman, and G. Watters. Thanks to W.
Walker for identifying myctophids.
NR 30
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 11
PU SPRINGER JAPAN KK
PI TOKYO
PA CHIYODA FIRST BLDG EAST, 3-8-1 NISHI-KANDA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 101-0065,
JAPAN
SN 1341-8998
J9 ICHTHYOL RES
JI Ichthyol. Res.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 60
IS 3
BP 287
EP 290
DI 10.1007/s10228-013-0350-2
PG 4
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 186BQ
UT WOS:000322016900015
ER
PT J
AU Sanchez, LM
Potrepka, DM
Fox, GR
Takeuchi, I
Wang, K
Bendersky, LA
Polcawich, RG
AF Sanchez, Luz M.
Potrepka, Daniel M.
Fox, Glen R.
Takeuchi, Ichiro
Wang, Ke
Bendersky, Leonid A.
Polcawich, Ronald G.
TI Optimization of PbTiO3 seed layers and Pt metallization for PZT-based
piezoMEMS actuators
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID THIN-FILMS; FERROELECTRIC PROPERTIES; MEMS; PB(ZR,TI)O-3;
CRYSTALLIZATION; COMPOSITES; PB; SI
AB This work attempts to optimize past research results on lead zirconate titanate (PZT) using the fabrication processes at the U. S. Army Research Laboratory so as to achieve a high degree of {001} texture and improved piezoelectric properties. A comparative study was performed between Ti/Pt and TiO2/Pt bottom electrodes. The results indicate that the use of a highly oriented {100} rutile phase TiO2 led to highly textured {111} Pt which in turn improved both the PTO and PZT orientations. PZT (52/48) and (45/55) thin films with and without PTO seed layers were deposited and examined via x-ray diffraction (XRD) methods as a function of annealing temperature. The seed layer provides significant improvement in the {100} orientation generally, and in the {001} subset of planes specifically, while suppressing the {111} orientation of the PZT. Improvements in the Lotgering factor (f) were observed from an existing Ti/Pt/PZT process (f = 0.66) to samples using the PTO seed layer deposited onto the improved Pt electrodes, TiO2/Pt/PTO/PZT (f = 0.96).
C1 [Sanchez, Luz M.; Potrepka, Daniel M.; Polcawich, Ronald G.] US Army Res Lab, RF MEMS & Mm Scale Robot, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA.
[Sanchez, Luz M.; Takeuchi, Ichiro] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Fox, Glen R.] Fox Mat Consulting LLC, Colorado Springs, CO 80908 USA.
[Wang, Ke; Bendersky, Leonid A.] NIST, Div Met, Gaithersburg, MD 20886 USA.
RP Sanchez, LM (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, RF MEMS & Mm Scale Robot, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA.
EM Luz.Sanchez1@us.army.mil
OI Potrepka, Daniel/0000-0002-0528-1038
NR 36
TC 15
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U1 4
U2 26
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0884-2914
J9 J MATER RES
JI J. Mater. Res.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 28
IS 14
BP 1920
EP 1931
DI 10.1557/jmr.2013.172
PG 12
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 186DB
UT WOS:000322021100006
ER
PT J
AU Donat, M
Alexander, L
Yang, H
Durre, I
Vose, R
Caesar, J
AF Donat, M. G.
Alexander, L. V.
Yang, H.
Durre, I.
Vose, R.
Caesar, J.
TI Global Land-Based Datasets for Monitoring Climatic Extremes
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID PRECIPITATION; TEMPERATURES
C1 [Donat, M. G.; Alexander, L. V.; Yang, H.] Univ New S Wales, Climate Change Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
[Donat, M. G.; Alexander, L. V.; Yang, H.] Univ New S Wales, ARC Ctr Excellence Climate Syst Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
[Durre, I.; Vose, R.] NOAAs Natl Climat Data Ctr, Asheville, NC USA.
[Caesar, J.] Met Off Hadley Ctr, Exeter, Devon, England.
RP Donat, M (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, Climate Change Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
EM m.donat@unsw.edu.au
RI Caesar, John/D-1403-2015; Donat, Markus/J-8331-2012; Alexander,
Lisa/A-8477-2011
OI Caesar, John/0000-0003-1094-9618; Donat, Markus/0000-0002-0608-7288;
Alexander, Lisa/0000-0002-5635-2457
FU Australian Research Council [LP100200690]; Climate Observations Division
of the NOAA Climate Program Office; Joint DECC/Defra Met Office Hadley
Centre Climate Programme [GA01101]
FX This work is supported by Australian Research Council grant LP100200690.
The project was also supported with funding from the Climate
Observations Division of the NOAA Climate Program Office; JC was
supported by the Joint DECC/Defra Met Office Hadley Centre Climate
Programme (GA01101). We are grateful to three anonymous reviewers whose
constructive comments helped to improve the manuscript.
NR 11
TC 52
Z9 54
U1 3
U2 30
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 94
IS 7
BP 997
EP 1006
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00109.1
PG 10
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 188LU
UT WOS:000322195300003
ER
PT J
AU William, PI
O'Sullivan, JM
AF Mahoney, William P., III
O'Sullivan, James M.
TI Realizing the Potential of Vehicle-Based Observations
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
AB The potential availability of millions of surface observations from passenger vehicles and fleets represents a potentially significant opportunity for the weather community. The success of this opportunity rests with the weather community's technical understanding and eventual adoption of these unique datasets and their level of participation in connected vehicle initiatives within the transportation community. All sectors of the weather enterprise (e.g., public, private, and academic) must become involved to help define, shape, and support the effort to realize a distinct and positive outcome on the weather and transportation communities. For this reason, the American Meteorological Society (AMS) Board on Enterprise Planning (BEP), under the Commission on the Weather and Climate Enterprise (CWCE), established an Annual Partnership Topic (APT) Committee in 2009 focused on mobile observations and their potential for use by the weather and transportation communities. The primary finding of the committee is that high-quality weather information about the roadway environment, including both current observations and forecasts, communicated in a timely and effective manner will help drivers make better and safer decisions regarding travel plans and react properly when faced with potentially compromised conditions; however, there are several technical, financial, societal, and institutional barriers that must be overcome before the full potential of mobile observations can be realized. This paper discusses several key issues important in advancing this concept, including potential benefits, barriers to acceptance, research needs, data quality and metadata, and business models.
C1 [Mahoney, William P., III] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
[O'Sullivan, James M.] NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP William, PI (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, 3450 Mitchell Lane, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
EM mahoney@ucar.edu
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 94
IS 7
BP 1007
EP 1018
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00044.1
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 188LU
UT WOS:000322195300004
ER
PT J
AU Hillger, D
Kopp, T
Lee, T
Lindsey, D
Seaman, C
Miller, S
Solbrig, J
Kidder, S
Bachmeier, S
Jasmin, T
Rink, T
AF Hillger, Donald
Kopp, Thomas
Lee, Thomas
Lindsey, Daniel
Seaman, Curtis
Miller, Steven
Solbrig, Jeremy
Kidder, Stanley
Bachmeier, Scott
Jasmin, Tommy
Rink, Tom
TI First-Light Imagery from Suomi NPP VIIRS
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
AB The Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership (NPP) satellite was launched on 28 October 2011, heralding the next generation of operational U.S. polar-orbiting satellites. It carries the Visible- Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS), a 22-band visible/infrared sensor that combines many of the best aspects of the NOAA Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR), the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) Operational Linescan System (OLS), and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensors. VIIRS has nearly all the capabilities of MODIS, but offers a wider swath width (3,000 versus 2,330 km) and much higher spatial resolution at swath edge. VIIRS also has a day/night band (DNB) that is sensitive to very low levels of visible light at night such as those produced by moonlight reflecting off low clouds, fog, dust, ash plumes, and snow cover. In addition, VIIRS detects light emissions from cities, ships, oil flares, and lightning flashes. NPP crosses the equator at about 0130 and 1330 local time, with VIIRS covering the entire Earth twice daily. Future members of the Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) constellation will also carry VIIRS. This paper presents dramatic early examples of multispectral VIIRS imagery capabilities and demonstrates basic applications of that imagery for a wide range of operational users, such as for fire detection, monitoring ice break up in rivers, and visualizing dust plumes over bright surfaces. VIIRS imagery, both single and multiband, as well as the day/night band, is shown to exceed both requirements and expectations.
C1 [Hillger, Donald; Lindsey, Daniel] NOAA, NESDIS, STAR, Ft Collins, CO USA.
[Kopp, Thomas] Aerosp Corp, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA.
[Lee, Thomas; Solbrig, Jeremy] Naval Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA.
[Seaman, Curtis; Miller, Steven; Kidder, Stanley] Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Bachmeier, Scott; Jasmin, Tommy; Rink, Tom] Univ Wisconsin, Cooperat Inst Meteorol Satellite Studies, Madison, WI USA.
RP Hillger, D (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, NOAA, NESDIS, STAR RAMMB CIRA 1375, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM don.hillger@NOAA.gov
RI Hillger, Donald/F-5592-2010; Lindsey, David/E-3517-2011; Lindsey,
Dan/F-5607-2010
OI Hillger, Donald/0000-0001-7297-2640; Lindsey, Dan/0000-0002-0967-5683
FU JPSS Program Office; NOAA/NESDIS/STAR
FX The authors would like to thank the following additional members of the
STAR Imagery and Visualization Team
(http://rammb.cira.colostate.edu/projects/npp/) for their contributions:
Tim Schmit (GOES imagery liaison), Debra Molenar, Steve Finley, Chris
Elvidge, Jeff Hawkins, Kim Richardson, Jeff Cetola, Keith Hutchinson,
Steve Mills, and Calvin Liang. Funding for this work was provided by the
JPSS Program Office and NOAA/NESDIS/STAR. The views, opinions, and
findings contained in this article are those of the authors and should
not be construed as an official National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA) or U.S. government position, policy, or decision.
NR 12
TC 45
Z9 49
U1 3
U2 38
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 94
IS 7
BP 1019
EP 1029
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00097.1
PG 11
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 188LU
UT WOS:000322195300005
ER
PT J
AU Stubenrauch, CJ
Rossow, WB
Kinne, S
Ackerman, S
Cesana, G
Chepfer, H
Di Girolamo, L
Getzewich, B
Guignard, A
Heidinger, A
Maddux, BC
Menzel, WP
Minnis, P
Pearl, C
Platnick, S
Poulsen, C
Riedi, J
Sun-Mack, S
Walther, A
Winker, D
Zeng, S
Zhao, G
AF Stubenrauch, C. J.
Rossow, W. B.
Kinne, S.
Ackerman, S.
Cesana, G.
Chepfer, H.
Di Girolamo, L.
Getzewich, B.
Guignard, A.
Heidinger, A.
Maddux, B. C.
Menzel, W. P.
Minnis, P.
Pearl, C.
Platnick, S.
Poulsen, C.
Riedi, J.
Sun-Mack, S.
Walther, A.
Winker, D.
Zeng, S.
Zhao, G.
TI Assessment of Global Cloud Datasets from Satellites: Project and
Database Initiated by the GEWEX Radiation Panel
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID MICROPHYSICAL PROPERTIES; STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS; IMAGERS ISCCP; LEVEL
CLOUDS; SOUNDERS 3I; WATER PATH; A-TRAIN; PART I; MODIS; CIRRUS
AB Clouds cover about 70% of Earth's surface and play a dominant role in the energy and water cycle of our planet. Only satellite observations provide a continuous survey of the state of the atmosphere over the entire globe and across the wide range of spatial and temporal scales that compose weather and climate variability. Satellite cloud data records now exceed more than 25 years; however, climate data records must be compiled from different satellite datasets and can exhibit systematic biases. Questions therefore arise as to the accuracy and limitations of the various sensors and retrieval methods. The Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment (GEWEX) Cloud Assessment, initiated in 2005 by the GEWEX Radiation Panel (GEWEX Data and Assessment Panel since 2011), provides the first coordinated intercomparison of publicly available, standard global cloud products (gridded monthly statistics) retrieved from measurements of multispectral imagers (some with multiangle view and polarization capabilities), IR sounders, and lidar. Cloud properties under study include cloud amount, cloud height (in terms of pressure, temperature, or altitude), cloud thermodynamic phase, and cloud radiative and bulk microphysical properties (optical depth or emissivity, effective particle radius, and water path). Differences in average cloud properties, especially in the amount of high-level clouds, are mostly explained by the inherent instrument measurement capability for detecting and/or identifying optically thin cirrus, especially when overlying low-level clouds. The study of long-term variations with these datasets requires consideration of many factors. The monthly gridded database presented here facilitates further assessments, climate studies, and the evaluation of climate models.
C1 [Stubenrauch, C. J.; Chepfer, H.; Guignard, A.] Ecole Polytech, Lab Meteorol Dynam, UPMC, CNRS,IPSL, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
[Rossow, W. B.; Pearl, C.] CUNY, CREST Inst, New York, NY 10021 USA.
[Kinne, S.] Max Planck Inst Meteorol, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany.
[Ackerman, S.; Maddux, B. C.; Menzel, W. P.; Walther, A.] Univ Wisconsin, CIMSS, Madison, WI USA.
[Di Girolamo, L.; Zhao, G.] Univ Illinois, Dept Atmospher Sci, Urbana, IL USA.
[Getzewich, B.; Sun-Mack, S.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Hampton, VA USA.
[Heidinger, A.] STAR, NESDIS, NOAA, Madison, WI USA.
[Minnis, P.; Winker, D.] NASA Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA USA.
[Platnick, S.] NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Poulsen, C.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Chilton, England.
[Riedi, J.; Zeng, S.] Inst Pasteur, Ctr Immunol & Biol Parasitaire, CNRS, Opt Atmospher Lab, F-59019 Lille, France.
RP Stubenrauch, CJ (reprint author), Ecole Polytech, Lab Meteorol Dynam, F-91128 Palaiseau, France.
EM stubenrauch@lmd.polytechnique.fr
RI Zeng, Shan/C-1520-2014; Menzel, W. Paul/B-8306-2011; Platnick,
Steven/J-9982-2014; Heidinger, Andrew/F-5591-2010; Rossow,
William/F-3138-2015; Ackerman, Steven/G-1640-2011; Minnis,
Patrick/G-1902-2010
OI Zeng, Shan/0000-0002-3540-1811; Menzel, W. Paul/0000-0001-5690-1201;
Platnick, Steven/0000-0003-3964-3567; Heidinger,
Andrew/0000-0001-7631-109X; Ackerman, Steven/0000-0002-4476-0269;
Minnis, Patrick/0000-0002-4733-6148
NR 63
TC 99
Z9 102
U1 3
U2 57
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 94
IS 7
BP 1031
EP 1049
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00117.1
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 188LU
UT WOS:000322195300006
ER
PT J
AU Bowman, KP
Lin, JC
Stohl, A
Draxler, R
Konopka, P
Andrews, A
Brunner, D
AF Bowman, Kenneth P.
Lin, John C.
Stohl, Andreas
Draxler, Roland
Konopka, Paul
Andrews, Arlyn
Brunner, Dominik
TI Input Data Requirements Lagrangian Trajectory Models
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID STRATOSPHERE-TROPOSPHERE EXCHANGE; TECHNICAL NOTE; POLAR VORTEX; STILT
MODEL; TRANSPORT; DISPERSION; RESOLUTION; ACCURACY; SYSTEM; CONSERVATION
AB In October 2011 an American Geophysical Union Chapman Conference was held in Grindelwald, Switzerland, titled Advances in Lagrangian Modeling of the Atmosphere. Lagrangian models are being applied to a wide range of high-impact atmospheric phenomena, such as the transport of volcanic ash and dispersion of radioactive releases. One common theme that arose during the meeting is the need for improved access to the output products of forecast models and reanalysis systems, which are used as in-puts to trajectory and dispersion models. The steady increases in horizontal and vertical resolution in forecast models and data assimilation systems have not been accompanied by changes in model output products, such as higher-frequency winds and the provision of important auxiliary parameters (e.g., heating rates and subgrid-scale mixing properties). This paper discusses the principles of Lagrangian kinematic models and recommends changes in model output practices that would lead directly to significant improvements in the accuracy of trajectory and dispersion calculations.
C1 [Bowman, Kenneth P.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Lin, John C.] Univ Utah, Dept Atmospher Sci, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
[Stohl, Andreas] Norwegian Inst Air Res, Kjeller, Norway.
[Draxler, Roland] NOAA Air Resources Lab, College Pk, MD USA.
[Konopka, Paul] Forschungszentrum Julich, D-52425 Julich, Germany.
[Andrews, Arlyn] NOAA Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Brunner, Dominik] Empa, Lab Air Pollut & Environm Technol, Dubendorf, Switzerland.
RP Bowman, KP (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, 3150 TAMU, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
EM k-bowman@tamu.edu
RI Stohl, Andreas/A-7535-2008; Brunner, Dominik/A-1255-2009; Bowman,
Kenneth/A-1345-2012; Konopka, Paul/A-7329-2013
OI Stohl, Andreas/0000-0002-2524-5755; Brunner,
Dominik/0000-0002-4007-6902; Bowman, Kenneth/0000-0002-2667-8632;
NR 57
TC 15
Z9 17
U1 2
U2 34
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 94
IS 7
BP 1051
EP 1058
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00076.1
PG 8
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 188LU
UT WOS:000322195300007
ER
PT J
AU Vesper, HW
Botelho, JC
Tai, SSC
Van Uytfanghe, K
Thienpont, LM
AF Vesper, Hubert W.
Botelho, Julianne Cook
Tai, Susan S. -C.
Van Uytfanghe, Katleen
Thienpont, Linda M.
TI Isotopic Abundance Yields Bias in the Assessment of Testosterone in a
New Reference Method Procedure Reply
SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Letter
ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; HUMAN SERUM
C1 [Vesper, Hubert W.; Botelho, Julianne Cook] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
[Tai, Susan S. -C.] NIST, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Van Uytfanghe, Katleen; Thienpont, Linda M.] Univ Ghent, Fac Pharmaceut Sci, Analyt Chem Lab, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
RP Vesper, HW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F25, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM hvesper@cdc.gov
NR 4
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA
SN 0009-9147
J9 CLIN CHEM
JI Clin. Chem.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 59
IS 7
BP 1130
EP 1131
DI 10.1373/clinchem.2013.205856
PG 3
WC Medical Laboratory Technology
SC Medical Laboratory Technology
GA 179VK
UT WOS:000321549400023
PM 23971088
ER
PT J
AU Rohde, G
Rohwer, T
Sohrt, C
Stange, A
Hellmann, S
Yang, LX
Hanff, K
Carr, A
Murnane, MM
Kapteyn, H
Kipp, L
Rossnagel, K
Bauer, M
AF Rohde, G.
Rohwer, T.
Sohrt, C.
Stange, A.
Hellmann, S.
Yang, L. X.
Hanff, K.
Carr, A.
Murnane, M. M.
Kapteyn, H.
Kipp, L.
Rossnagel, K.
Bauer, M.
TI Tracking the relaxation pathway of photo-excited electrons in 1T-TiSe2
SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-SPECIAL TOPICS
LA English
DT Article
ID RESOLVED PHOTOEMISSION; FEMTOSECOND; SURFACE; SPECTROSCOPY; DYNAMICS;
THERMALIZATION; NANOPARTICLES; GENERATION; METALS; PULSES
AB The ultrafast dynamics of excited electrons in 1T-TiSe2 after absorption of a 390 nm light pulse is probed by time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy using femtosecond XUV pulses. It is demonstrated that the experimental approach can provide a comprehensive view of hot carrier motion in momentum space during relaxation back to equilibrium. This capability opens a new avenue in the investigation of energy dissipation processes in solids after intense optical excitation.
C1 [Rohde, G.; Rohwer, T.; Sohrt, C.; Stange, A.; Hellmann, S.; Yang, L. X.; Hanff, K.; Kipp, L.; Rossnagel, K.; Bauer, M.] Univ Kiel, Inst Expt & Appl Phys, D-24118 Kiel, Germany.
[Carr, A.; Murnane, M. M.; Kapteyn, H.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Carr, A.; Murnane, M. M.; Kapteyn, H.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Rohde, G (reprint author), Univ Kiel, Inst Expt & Appl Phys, D-24118 Kiel, Germany.
EM rohde@physik.uni-kiel.de
RI Kapteyn, Henry/H-6559-2011; Rossnagel, Kai/F-8822-2011; Yang, lexian
/G-1123-2016; Bauer, Michael/G-5111-2016
OI Kapteyn, Henry/0000-0001-8386-6317; Rossnagel, Kai/0000-0001-5107-0090;
Bauer, Michael/0000-0002-4391-9899
FU German Science Foundation (DFG) [BA 2177/9-1]
FX This work was funded by the German Science Foundation (DFG) through
grant BA 2177/9-1.
NR 45
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 38
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1951-6355
J9 EUR PHYS J-SPEC TOP
JI Eur. Phys. J.-Spec. Top.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 222
IS 5
BP 997
EP 1004
DI 10.1140/epjst/e2013-01901-5
PG 8
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 184SV
UT WOS:000321914700002
ER
PT J
AU Melnikov, VM
Doviak, RJ
Zrnic, DS
Stensrud, DJ
AF Melnikov, Valery M.
Doviak, Richard J.
Zrnic, Dusan S.
Stensrud, David J.
TI Structures of Bragg Scatter Observed with the Polarimetric WSR-88D
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Radars; Radar observations; Remote sensing; Wind profilers
ID CONVECTIVE BOUNDARY-LAYER; CLEAR-AIR; ENSEMBLE FORECASTS; WIND PROFILER;
RADAR; TURBULENCE; BIRDS
AB Enhancements to signal processing and data collection in the dual-polarization Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler (WSR-88D) to increase its detection capability yield observations of fine structures from Bragg scatterers. Several types of the fine structures observed in and above the boundary layer are discussed. These Bragg scatter structures include the top of the convective boundary layer, nonprecipitating clouds, strong convective plumes above the boundary layer, and a layer of weak reflections associated with decaying boundary layer turbulence. A conclusion that data from polarimetric WSR-88Ds can be used to obtain the depth of the convective boundary layer is made.
C1 [Melnikov, Valery M.] Univ Oklahoma, CIMMS, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Melnikov, Valery M.; Doviak, Richard J.; Zrnic, Dusan S.; Stensrud, David J.] Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
RP Melnikov, VM (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, CIMMS, 120 David Boren Blvd,Room 4919, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM valery.melnikov@noaa.gov
FU NOAA's Office of Oceanic; Atmospheric Research; U.S. Department of
Commerce [NA17RJ1227]
FX The authors thank three anonymous reviewers for their constructive and
helpful comments, which improved the presentation. Funding for this
study was provided by NOAA's Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research
under NOAA-University of Oklahoma Cooperative Agreement NA17RJ1227 U.S.
Department of Commerce.
NR 19
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 30
IS 7
BP 1253
EP 1258
DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-12-00210.1
PG 6
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 187NP
UT WOS:000322126100001
ER
PT J
AU Arguez, A
Applequist, S
AF Arguez, Anthony
Applequist, Scott
TI A Harmonic Approach for Calculating Daily Temperature Normals
Constrained by Homogenized Monthly Temperature Normals
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Climatology; Filtering techniques; Interpolation schemes; Optimization;
Regression analysis; Statistical techniques
ID TIME-SERIES
AB NOAA released the new 1981-2010 climate normals in July 2011. These included monthly and daily normals of minimum and maximum temperature. Monthly normals were computed from monthly temperature values that were corrected for biases (i.e., homogenized) due to changes in observing practices over the course of the normals period (station moves, changes in observation time, and changes in instrumentation). Daily temperature observations, however, are not homogenized, which could lead to inconsistencies between the daily and monthly normals. This study offers a constrained harmonic technique that forces the daily temperature normals to be consistent with the monthly temperature normals. This approach replaces the cubic spline interpolation of monthly temperature normals that was used to compute earlier versions of NOAA's daily temperature normals. It effectively passes the homogenization applied at the monthly scale down to the daily scale, resulting in a smooth annual cycle devoid of day-to-day sampling variability and intermonth discontinuities.
C1 [Arguez, Anthony; Applequist, Scott] NOAA NCDC, Asheville, NC 28801 USA.
RP Arguez, A (reprint author), NOAA NCDC, Room 506,151 Patton Ave, Asheville, NC 28801 USA.
EM anthony.arguez@noaa.gov
NR 15
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 30
IS 7
BP 1259
EP 1265
DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-12-00195.1
PG 7
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 187NP
UT WOS:000322126100002
ER
PT J
AU Sakai, T
Whiteman, DN
Russo, F
Turner, DD
Veselovskii, I
Melfi, SH
Nagai, T
Mano, Y
AF Sakai, Tetsu
Whiteman, David N.
Russo, Felicita
Turner, David D.
Veselovskii, Igor
Melfi, S. Harvey
Nagai, Tomohiro
Mano, Yuzo
TI Liquid Water Cloud Measurements Using the Raman Lidar Technique: Current
Understanding and Future Research Needs
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Cloud retrieval; Lidars; Lidar observations
ID EMITTED RADIANCE INTERFEROMETER; GROUND-BASED MEASUREMENTS; VAPOR
MIXING-RATIO; CROSS-SECTIONS; ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS; FLUORESCENCE;
SCATTERING; BACKSCATTER; PERFORMANCE; TROPOSPHERE
AB This paper describes recent work in the Raman lidar liquid water cloud measurement technique. The range-resolved spectral measurements at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Goddard Space Flight Center indicate that the Raman backscattering spectra measured in and below low clouds agree well with theoretical spectra for vapor and liquid water. The calibration coefficients of the liquid water measurement for the Raman lidar at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program Southern Great Plains site of the U.S. Department of Energy were determined by comparison with the liquid water path (LWP) obtained with Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer (AERI) and the liquid water content (LWC) obtained with the millimeter wavelength cloud radar and water vapor radiometer (MMCR-WVR) together. These comparisons were used to estimate the Raman liquid water cross-sectional value. The results indicate a bias consistent with an effective liquid water Raman cross-sectional value that is 28%-46% lower than published, which may be explained by the fact that the difference in the detectors' sensitivity has not been accounted for. The LWP of a thin altostratus cloud showed good qualitative agreement between lidar retrievals and AERI. However, the overall ensemble of comparisons of LWP showed considerable scatter, possibly because of the different fields of view of the instruments, the 350-m distance between the instruments, and the horizontal inhomogeneity of the clouds. The LWC profiles for a thick stratus cloud showed agreement between lidar retrievals and MMCR-WVR between the cloud base and 150 m above that where the optical depth was less than 3. Areas requiring further research in this technique are discussed.
C1 [Sakai, Tetsu; Nagai, Tomohiro; Mano, Yuzo] Meteorol Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050052, Japan.
[Whiteman, David N.; Melfi, S. Harvey] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Russo, Felicita] Italian Natl Agcy New Technol, Bologna, Italy.
[Turner, David D.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Veselovskii, Igor] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Gen Phys, Phys Instrumentat Ctr, Moscow, Russia.
RP Sakai, T (reprint author), Meteorol Res Inst, 1-1 Nagamine, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050052, Japan.
EM tetsu@mri-jma.go.jp
FU Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
FX This work was supported by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports,
Science and Technology (MEXT).
NR 50
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 25
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
EI 1520-0426
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 30
IS 7
BP 1337
EP 1353
DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-12-00099.1
PG 17
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 187NP
UT WOS:000322126100006
ER
PT J
AU Wang, YD
Zhang, J
Ryzhkov, AV
Tang, L
AF Wang, Yadong
Zhang, Jian
Ryzhkov, Alexander V.
Tang, Lin
TI C-Band Polarimetric Radar QPE Based on Specific Differential Propagation
Phase for Extreme Typhoon Rainfall
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Hydrometeorology; Data quality control; Radars; Radar observations;
Orographic effects
ID RAINDROP SIZE DISTRIBUTION; 5-CM WAVELENGTH; X-BAND; REFLECTIVITY;
DISDROMETER; ATTENUATION; WSR-88D; SHIFT
AB To obtain accurate radar quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE) for extreme rainfall events such as land-falling typhoon systems in complex terrain, a new method was developed for C-band polarimetric radars. The new methodology includes a correction method based on vertical profiles of the specific differential propagation phase (VPSDP) for low-level blockage and an optimal relation between rainfall rate () and the specific differential phase (). In the VPSDP-based correction approach, a screening process is applied to fields, where missing or unreliable data from lower tilts caused by severe beam blockage are replaced with data from upper and unblocked tilts. The data from upper tilts are adjusted to account for variations in the vertical profile of . The corrected field is then used for rain-rate estimations. To acquire an accurate QPE result, a new relation for C-band polarimetric radars was derived through simulations using drop size distribution (DSD) and drop shape relation (DSR) observations from typhoon systems in Taiwan. The VPSDP-based correction method with the new relation was evaluated using the typhoon cases of Morakot (2009) and Fanapi (2010).
C1 [Wang, Yadong; Ryzhkov, Alexander V.; Tang, Lin] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Zhang, Jian] NOAA, OAR, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK USA.
RP Wang, YD (reprint author), CIMMS, 120 David Boren Dr, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM yadong.wang@noaa.gov
FU Central Weather Bureau of Taiwan
FX This research is supported by funding from the Central Weather Bureau of
Taiwan and was provided by NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric
Research under NOAA-University of Oklahoma Cooperative Agreement
NA11OAR4320072, U.S. Department of Commerce. Authors would like to thank
Dr. Pao-Liang Chang, Ms. Carrie Langston, and Dr. Brian Kaney for their
help in assembling data and generating many images used in the paper.
Dr. Pengfei Zhang provided many helpful comments that greatly improved
the manuscript for which the authors are very grateful.
NR 45
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 8
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 30
IS 7
BP 1354
EP 1370
DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-12-00083.1
PG 17
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 187NP
UT WOS:000322126100007
ER
PT J
AU Foltz, GR
Evan, AT
Freitag, HP
Brown, S
McPhaden, MJ
AF Foltz, Gregory R.
Evan, Amato T.
Freitag, H. Paul
Brown, Sonya
McPhaden, Michael J.
TI Dust Accumulation Biases in PIRATA Shortwave Radiation Records
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Aerosols; Shortwave radiation; Buoy observations; Climate records; Data
quality control; In situ atmospheric observations
ID ATLANTIC-OCEAN; SUBDUCTION EXPERIMENT; NORTH-ATLANTIC; TRANSFER MODEL;
SURFACE; ALGORITHM; PRODUCTS; FLUXES; DISTRIBUTIONS; AEROSOLS
AB Long-term and direct measurements of surface shortwave radiation (SWR) have been recorded by the Prediction and Research Moored Array in the Tropical Atlantic (PIRATA) since 1997. Previous studies have shown that African dust, transported westward from the Sahara and Sahel regions, can accumulate on mooring SWR sensors in the high-dust region of the North Atlantic (8 degrees-25 degrees N, 20 degrees-50 degrees W), potentially leading to significant negative SWR biases. Here dust-accumulation biases are quantified for each PIRATA mooring using direct measurements from the moorings, combined with satellite and reanalysis datasets and statistical models. The SWR records from five locations in the high-dust region (8 degrees, 12 degrees, and 15 degrees N along 38 degrees W; 12 degrees and 21 degrees N along 23 degrees W) are found to contain monthly-mean accumulation biases as large as -200 W m(-2) and record-length mean biases on the order of -10 W m(-2). The other 12 moorings, located mainly between 10 degrees S and 4 degrees N, are in regions of lower atmospheric dust concentration and do not show statistically significant biases. Seasonal-to-interannual variability of the accumulation bias is found at all locations in the high-dust region. The moorings along 38 degrees W also show decreasing trends in the bias magnitude since 1998 that are possibly related to a corresponding negative trend in atmospheric dust concentration. The dust-accumulation biases described here will be useful for interpreting SWR data from PIRATA moorings in the high-dust region. The biases are also potentially useful for quantifying dust deposition rates in the tropical North Atlantic, which at present are poorly constrained by satellite data and numerical models.
C1 [Foltz, Gregory R.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Evan, Amato T.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Freitag, H. Paul; McPhaden, Michael J.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Brown, Sonya] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Foltz, GR (reprint author), NOAA, Phys Oceanog Div, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM gregory.foltz@noaa.gov
RI Foltz, Gregory/B-8710-2011; McPhaden, Michael/D-9799-2016
OI Foltz, Gregory/0000-0003-0050-042X;
FU NOAA/CPO [NA10OAR4310136]; NOAA/AOML; NOAA/PMEL; Joint Institute for the
Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) under NOAA [NA17RJ1232,
NA10OAR4320148]
FX The authors thank Rick Lumpkin, Renellys Perez, and three anonymous
reviewers for their helpful suggestions. Funding was provided by
NOAA/CPO Grant NA10OAR4310136 and base funds from NOAA/AOML and
NOAA/PMEL. This publication is partially funded by the Joint Institute
for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) under NOAA Cooperative
Agreements NA17RJ1232 and NA10OAR4320148.
NR 35
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
EI 1520-0426
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 30
IS 7
BP 1414
EP 1432
DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-12-00169.1
PG 19
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 187NP
UT WOS:000322126100011
ER
PT J
AU Wagner, TJ
Turner, DD
Berg, LK
Krueger, SK
AF Wagner, Timothy J.
Turner, David D.
Berg, Larry K.
Krueger, Steven K.
TI Ground-Based Remote Retrievals of Cumulus Entrainment Rates
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Entrainment; Cumulus clouds; Algorithms; Cloud retrieval; Remote sensing
ID EMITTED RADIANCE INTERFEROMETER; CLOUD-TOP HEIGHT; ATMOSPHERIC
RADIATION; WATER-VAPOR; CLIMATE RESEARCH; PART I; AERI; TEMPERATURE;
VARIABILITY; CONVECTION
AB While fractional entrainment rates for cumulus clouds have typically been derived from airborne observations, this limits the size and scope of available datasets. To increase the number of continental cumulus entrainment rate observations available for study, an algorithm for retrieving them from ground-based remote sensing observations has been developed. This algorithm, called the Entrainment Rate In Cumulus Algorithm (ERICA), uses the suite of instruments at the Southern Great Plains (SGP) site of the U.S. Department of Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program (ARM) Climate Research Facility as inputs into a Gauss-Newton optimal estimation scheme, in which an assumed guess of the entrainment rate is iteratively adjusted through intercomparison of modeled cloud attributes to their observed counterparts. The forward model in this algorithm is the explicit mixing parcel model (EMPM), a cloud parcel model that treats entrainment as a series of discrete entrainment events. A quantified value for the uncertainty in the retrieved entrainment rate is also returned as part of the retrieval. Sensitivity testing and information content analysis demonstrate the robust nature of this method for retrieving accurate observations of the entrainment rate without the drawbacks of airborne sampling. Results from a test of ERICA on 3 months of shallow cumulus cloud events show significant variability of the entrainment rate of clouds in a single day and from one day to the next. The mean value of 1.06 km(-1) for the entrainment rate in this dataset corresponds well with prior observations and simulations of the entrainment rate in cumulus clouds.
C1 [Wagner, Timothy J.] Creighton Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Omaha, NE 68131 USA.
[Turner, David D.] Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Berg, Larry K.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Krueger, Steven K.] Univ Utah, Dept Atmospher Sci, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
RP Wagner, TJ (reprint author), Creighton Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, 2500 Calif Plaza, Omaha, NE 68131 USA.
EM timothywagner@creighton.edu
RI Berg, Larry/A-7468-2016
OI Berg, Larry/0000-0002-3362-9492
FU U.S. Department of Energy Atmospheric Systems Research (ASR) program
[DE-FG02-08ER64538]; Office of Science, Office of Biological and
Environmental Research, Climate and Environmental Sciences division
FX This research was supported by Grant DE-FG02-08ER64538 from the U.S.
Department of Energy Atmospheric Systems Research (ASR) program, which
is sponsored by the Office of Science, Office of Biological and
Environmental Research, Climate and Environmental Sciences division.
Data were obtained from the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program
(ARM). The authors wish to extend their thanks to the anonymous
reviewers, who improved the readability of this paper.
NR 35
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 30
IS 7
BP 1460
EP 1471
DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-12-00187.1
PG 12
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 187NP
UT WOS:000322126100014
ER
PT J
AU Dusek, G
Seim, H
AF Dusek, G.
Seim, H.
TI A Probabilistic Rip Current Forecast Model
SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Beach; lifeguards; rescues; Outer Banks; natural hazards
ID CURRENT SYSTEM; FIELD OBSERVATIONS; NEARSHORE; VARIABILITY; CIRCULATION;
MORPHOLOGY; SANDBARS; CHANNEL; BEACH; BAR
AB A probabilistic rip current forecast model is created using a logistic regression formulation. Given input variables of nearshore significant wave height, vector mean wave direction, tidal elevation, and whether the forecast occurs in a 72-hour postwave event window, the probabilistic model predicts the likelihood of hazardous rip current occurrence. The model is trained using rip current observations made by lifeguards at Kill Devil Hills (KDH), North Carolina, in 2008-2009. Validation uses a hindcast at KDH over the summers of 2001-2007 and is compared with a hindcast of the National Weather Service (NWS) rip current model presently used at KDH. Using rip current rescues to indicate hazardous rip current occurrence, the probabilistic model has a Brier Score of 0.15 (0 is perfect prediction), compared with a minimum Brier Score of 0.45 for the NWS model, and represents a 67% or better improvement in prediction Utilizing deepwater wave observations, instead of those collected nearshore, decreases model improvement by roughly half. The probabilistic model also outperforms the NWS model during high rescue instances, particularly on days with large tidal ranges. Functional improvements of the probabilistic model include the output of a true probabilistic forecast compared with a categorical forecast (low-medium-high) and the inclusion of only physically and statistically significant predictors.
C1 [Dusek, G.; Seim, H.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Marine Sci, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
RP Dusek, G (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Ctr Operat Oceanog Prod & Serv, Washington, DC USA.
EM gregory.dusek@noaa.gov
FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers [W912BU-9-P-0236]; U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers Field Research Facility, Kill Devil Hills Ocean Rescue;
University of North Carolina Coastal Studies Institute; University of
North Carolina (UNC) Graduate School Dissertation Completion Fellowship;
NOAA-Integrated Ocean Observing System program [NA07NOS4730212]; U.S.
Department of Homeland Security [2008-ST-061-ND0001]
FX Assistance with the logistic regression formulation was provided by Su
Zhang and Dr. J.S. Marron of UNC Chapel Hill. Special thanks to Scott
Kennedy of the NWS Morehead City WFO for his assistance with the NWS
forecast model. Tidal elevation data and predictions were provided by
NOAA CO-OPS. Swath bathymetry and additional survey data were provided
by the Field Research Facility, Field Data Collections and Analysis
Branch, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Duck, North Carolina. Field work
was supported by U.S. Army Corps of Engineers grant W912BU-9-P-0236.
Additionally, the field work performed for this research could not have
been possible without support from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Field Research Facility, Kill Devil Hills Ocean Rescue, and the
University of North Carolina Coastal Studies Institute. The authors
thank two anonymous reviewers for their constructive feedback and
recommendations. G. Dusek was supported by the University of North
Carolina (UNC) Graduate School Dissertation Completion Fellowship. This
material is based on work supported by the NOAA-Integrated Ocean
Observing System program through contract NA07NOS4730212 and the U.S.
Department of Homeland Security under award 2008-ST-061-ND0001. The
views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the
authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the
official policies, either expressed or implied, of the U.S. Department
of Homeland Security.
NR 50
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 17
PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 0749-0208
EI 1551-5036
J9 J COASTAL RES
JI J. Coast. Res.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 4
BP 909
EP 925
DI 10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-12-00118.1
PG 17
WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences,
Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology
GA 174NG
UT WOS:000321162100015
ER
PT J
AU MacCuspie, RI
Allen, AJ
Martin, MN
Hackley, VA
AF MacCuspie, Robert I.
Allen, Andrew J.
Martin, Matthew N.
Hackley, Vincent A.
TI Just add water: reproducible singly dispersed silver nanoparticle
suspensions on-demand
SO JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Silver nanoparticles; Lyophilization; Freeze drying; Reference
materials; Reconstitution; Dispersion
ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; DRUG NANOSUSPENSIONS; AG NANOPARTICLES; NANO-SILVER;
STABILITY; NANOSILVER; TOXICITY; SURFACES; EXPOSURE; CITRATE
AB Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are of interest due to their antimicrobial attributes, which are derived from their inherent redox instability and subsequent release of silver ions. At the same time, this instability is a substantial challenge for achieving stable long-term storage for on-demand use of AgNPs. In this study, we describe and validate a "just add water" approach for achieving suspensions of principally singly dispersed AgNPs. By lyophilizing (freeze drying) the formulated AgNPs into a solid powder, or cake, water is removed thereby eliminating solution-based chemical changes. Storing under inert gas further reduces surface reactions such as oxidation. An example of how to optimize a lyophilization formulation is presented, as well as example formulations for three AgNP core sizes. This "just add water" approach enables ease of use for the researcher desiring on-demand singly dispersed AgNP suspensions from a single master batch. Implementation of this methodology will enable studies to be performed over long periods of time and across different laboratories using particles that are identical chemically and physically and available on-demand. In addition, the approach of freeze drying and on-demand reconstitution by adding water has enabled the development of AgNP reference materials with the required shelf-life stability, one of the principal objectives of this research.
C1 [MacCuspie, Robert I.; Allen, Andrew J.; Martin, Matthew N.; Hackley, Vincent A.] NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP MacCuspie, RI (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM robert.maccuspie@nist.gov
RI USAXS, APS/D-4198-2013; Martin, Matthew/N-1154-2015;
OI Martin, Matthew/0000-0002-6323-4096; MacCuspie,
Robert/0000-0002-6618-6499; Hackley, Vincent/0000-0003-4166-2724
FU National Science Foundation/Department of Energy [NSF/CHE-0822838]; U.
S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX ChemMatCARS Sector 15 is principally supported by the National Science
Foundation/Department of Energy under Grant Number NSF/CHE-0822838. Use
of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U. S. Department of
Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under
Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 68
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 53
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1388-0764
J9 J NANOPART RES
JI J. Nanopart. Res.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 15
IS 7
AR UNSP 1760
DI 10.1007/s11051-013-1760-9
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 188DZ
UT WOS:000322173600011
ER
PT J
AU Cintineo, RM
Stensrud, DJ
AF Cintineo, Rebecca M.
Stensrud, David J.
TI On the Predictability of Supercell Thunderstorm Evolution
SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Forecast verification; skill; Numerical weather prediction; forecasting;
Probability forecasts; models; distribution; Short-range prediction;
Cloud resolving models; Numerical weather prediction; forecasting
ID SIMULATED CONVECTIVE STORMS; ENSEMBLE KALMAN FILTER; MESOSCALE
PREDICTABILITY; MOIST CONVECTION; UNITED-STATES; ATMOSPHERIC
PREDICTABILITY; CLOUD MODEL; PART II; ENVIRONMENTS; ASSIMILATION
AB Supercell thunderstorms produce a disproportionate amount of the severe weather in the United States, and accurate prediction of their movement and evolution is needed to warn the public of their hazards. This study explores the practical predictability of supercell thunderstorm forecasts in the presence of typical errors in the preconvective environmental conditions. The Advanced Research Weather Research and Forecasting model (ARW-WRF) is run at 1-km grid spacing and a control run of a supercell thunderstorm is produced using a horizontally homogeneous environment. Forecast errors from supercell environments derived from the 13-km Rapid Update Cycle (RUC) valid at 0000 UTC for forecast lead times up to 3 h are used to define the environmental errors, and 100 runs initialized with environmental perturbations characteristic of those errors are produced for each lead time. The simulations are analyzed to determine the spread and practical predictability of supercell thunderstorm forecasts from a storm-scale model, with the control used as truth.Most of the runs perturbed with the environmental forecast errors produce supercell thunderstorms; however, there is much less predictability for storm motion and structure. Results suggest that an upper bound to the practical predictability of storm location with the current environmental uncertainty for a 1-h environmental forecast is about 2 h, with the predictability of the storms decreasing to 1 h as lead time increases. Smaller-scale storm features, such as midlevel mesocyclones and regions of heavy rainfall, display much less predictability than storm location. Mesocyclone location is predictable out to 40 min or less, while heavy 5-min rainfall location is not predictable.
C1 [Cintineo, Rebecca M.] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Cintineo, Rebecca M.; Stensrud, David J.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
RP Cintineo, RM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, CIMSS, 1225 W Dayton St, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM rebecca.cintineo@ssec.wisc.edu
FU NOAA Warn-on-Forecast project; NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric
Research under NOAA-University of Oklahoma, U.S. Department of Commerce
[NA11OAR4320072]
FX This study was funded by the NOAA Warn-on-Forecast project. We
gratefully acknowledge the helpful suggestions provided by Drs. Michael
Richman and Xuguang Wang of the School of Meteorology at the University
of Oklahoma, Dr. Chris Snyder at NCAR, as well as the very constructive
and helpful comments from two anonymous reviewers. We further thank Kent
Knopfmeier for his help in learning how to run the WRF model. Funding
was provided by NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under
NOAA-University of Oklahoma Cooperative Agreement #NA11OAR4320072, U.S.
Department of Commerce.
NR 70
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 2
U2 13
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-4928
J9 J ATMOS SCI
JI J. Atmos. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 7
BP 1993
EP 2011
DI 10.1175/JAS-D-12-0166.1
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 187NK
UT WOS:000322125600008
ER
PT J
AU Mansell, ER
Ziegler, CL
AF Mansell, Edward R.
Ziegler, Conrad L.
TI Aerosol Effects on Simulated Storm Electrification and Precipitation in
a Two-Moment Bulk Microphysics Model
SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Lightning; Aerosols; Atmospheric electricity; Cloud resolving models
ID CRYSTAL-GRAUPEL COLLISIONS; CLOUD DROPLET SIZE; CONVECTIVE STORMS;
THUNDERSTORM ELECTRIFICATION; LIGHTNING ACTIVITY; CHARGE STRUCTURE; HAIL
GROWTH; PART II; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; MULTICELL STORM
AB The effects of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentrations are found to strongly affect the microphysical and electrical evolution of a numerically simulated small multicell storm. The simulations reproduce the well-known effects of updraft invigoration and delay of precipitation formation as increasing CCN from low to intermediate concentrations causes droplet sizes to decrease. Peak updrafts increased from 16 m s(-1) at the lowest CCN to a maximum of 21-22 m s(-1) at moderate CCN, where condensation latent heating is maximized. The transition from low to high CCN first maximizes warm-rain production before switching over to the ice process as the dominant precipitation mechanism. Average graupel density stays fairly high and constant at lower CCN, but then drops monotonically at higher CCN concentration, although high CCN also foster the appearance of small regions of larger, high-density graupel with high simulated radar reflectivity.Graupel production increases monotonically as CCN concentration rises from 50 to about 2000 cm(-3). The lightning response is relatively weak until the Hallett-Mossop rime-splintering ice multiplication becomes more active at CCN > 700 cm(-3). At very high CCN concentrations (>2000 cm(-3)), graupel production decreases slowly, but lightning activity drops dramatically when the parameterization of Hallett-Mossop rime-splintering ice multiplication is based on the number of large cloud droplets collected by graupel. Conversely, lightning activity remains steady at extremely high CCN concentration when the Hallett-Mossop parameterization is based simply on the rate of rime mass accumulation. The results lend support to the aerosol hypothesis as applied to lightning production, whereby greater CCN concentration tends to lead to greater lightning activity, but with a large sensitivity to ice multiplication.
C1 [Mansell, Edward R.; Ziegler, Conrad L.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
RP Mansell, ER (reprint author), Natl Severe Storms Lab, 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM ted.mansell@noaa.gov
FU NOAA/National Severe Storms Laboratory, Norman, Oklahoma; NSF
[ATM-0451639]
FX Support was provided by NOAA/National Severe Storms Laboratory, Norman,
Oklahoma. Partial funding for this research was provided by NSF Grant
ATM-0451639. Computing resources at the OU Supercomputing Center for
Education and Research (OSCER) at the University of Oklahoma also
contributed to this project. David Moulton provided an updated version
of the BOXMG code. Thanks also to Allison Silveira, Jerry Straka, and
Dan Dawson for contributing to the development of the microphysics
parameterizations. Special thanks to Earle Williams for thorough
comments and suggestions and to two anonymous reviewers, resulting in
many improvements.
NR 78
TC 31
Z9 35
U1 1
U2 37
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-4928
J9 J ATMOS SCI
JI J. Atmos. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 7
BP 2032
EP 2050
DI 10.1175/JAS-D-12-0264.1
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 187NK
UT WOS:000322125600010
ER
PT J
AU Potter, SF
Spengler, T
Held, IM
AF Potter, Samuel F.
Spengler, Thomas
Held, Isaac M.
TI Reflection of Barotropic Rossby Waves in Sheared Flow and Validity of
the WKB Approximation
SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Atmospheric circulation; Planetary waves; Rossby waves
ID PROPAGATION; INSTABILITY
AB The authors discuss reflection of barotropic Rossby waves in an idealized framework with potential applications to tropical-extratropical and interhemispheric interactions. Meridional propagation of Rossby waves has often been studied using the Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (WKB) approximation. The WKB approximation neglects reflection. The authors investigate the amount of reflection in simple shear profiles and attempt to evaluate the validity of using the WKB approximation to understand the meridional propagation of Rossby waves. In addition to solving for the reflection coefficient numerically, exact and approximate forms of the reflection coefficient in certain parameter regimes are derived. An application to the observed climatology is discussed in light of the findings.
C1 [Potter, Samuel F.; Spengler, Thomas] Princeton Univ, Atmospher & Ocean Sci Program, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Held, Isaac M.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
RP Potter, SF (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Atmospher & Ocean Sci Program, Sayre Hall,Forrestal Campus, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM spotter@princeton.edu
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [NA08OAR4320752]; U.S.
Department of Commerce
FX We thank Steve Garner, Geoff Vallis, and two anonymous reviewers for
kindly providing helpful comments on our work. We would like to thank
Steve Garner for providing help with the analytic problem. We would also
like to acknowledge the use of the ERA-Interim data produced and
provided by ECMWF. While working on this study, S.F.P. was supported by
Award NA08OAR4320752 from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce. The statements, findings,
conclusions, and recommendations are those of the authors and do not
necessarily reflect the views of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration or the U.S. Department of Commerce.
NR 12
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 13
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-4928
J9 J ATMOS SCI
JI J. Atmos. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 7
BP 2170
EP 2178
DI 10.1175/JAS-D-12-0315.1
PG 9
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 187NK
UT WOS:000322125600018
ER
PT J
AU Gopalakrishnan, SG
Marks, F
Zhang, JA
Zhang, XJ
Bao, JW
Tallapragada, V
AF Gopalakrishnan, Sundararaman G.
Marks, Frank, Jr.
Zhang, Jun A.
Zhang, Xuejin
Bao, Jian-Wen
Tallapragada, Vijay
TI CORRIGENDUM
SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Gopalakrishnan, Sundararaman G.; Marks, Frank, Jr.; Zhang, Jun A.; Zhang, Xuejin] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Hurricane Res Div, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Zhang, Jun A.; Zhang, Xuejin] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL USA.
[Bao, Jian-Wen] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Tallapragada, Vijay] NOAA, Natl Ctr Environm Prediction, Environm Modeling Ctr, Washington, DC USA.
RP Gopalakrishnan, SG (reprint author), AOML HRD, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM sundararaman.g.gopalakrishnan@noaa.gov
RI Zhang, Jun/F-9580-2012; Zhang, Xuejin/B-3085-2014; Marks,
Frank/A-5733-2011; Gopalakrishnan , Sundararaman /I-5773-2013
OI Zhang, Xuejin/0000-0003-2630-534X; Marks, Frank/0000-0003-0371-5514;
Gopalakrishnan , Sundararaman /0000-0003-1384-7860
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-4928
J9 J ATMOS SCI
JI J. Atmos. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 7
BP 2336
EP 2336
DI 10.1175/JAS-D-13-0134.1
PG 1
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 187NK
UT WOS:000322125600029
ER
PT J
AU Nakano, K
Yajima, T
Takeiri, F
Green, MA
Hester, J
Kobayashi, Y
Kageyama, H
AF Nakano, Kousuke
Yajima, Takeshi
Takeiri, Fumitaka
Green, Mark A.
Hester, James
Kobayashi, Yoji
Kageyama, Hiroshi
TI T-c Enhancement by Aliovalent Anionic Substitution in Superconducting
BaTi2(Sb1-xSnx)(2)O
SO JOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN
LA English
DT Article
DE superconductivity; BaTi(2)Pn(2)O; CDW/SDW instability; hole doping; d(1)
square lattice; mixed anionic coordination
ID PNICTIDE OXIDE; TRANSITION; BA
AB BaTi2Sb2O is a T-c = 1.2 K superconductor with a d(1) square lattice, and isovalent Bi substitution for Sb can increase its T-c to 4.6 K (BaTi2Bi2O), accompanied by the complete suppression of charge density wave (CDW) or spin density wave (SDW) transition. In the present study, we demonstrate that aliovalent Sn substitution (hole doping) also increases T-c up to 2.5 K for BaTi2(Sb0.7Sn0.3)(2)O, while suppressing CDW/SDW transition only slightly. The overall electronic phase diagram of BaTi2(Sb, Sn)(2)O is qualitatively similar to that of cation-substituted (hole-doped) (Ba,Na)Ti2Sb2O, but quantitative differences such as in T-c are observed, which is discussed in terms of Ti-Pn hybridization and chemical disorder.
C1 [Nakano, Kousuke; Yajima, Takeshi; Takeiri, Fumitaka; Kobayashi, Yoji; Kageyama, Hiroshi] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Dept Energy & Hydrocarbon Chem, Kyoto 6158510, Japan.
[Green, Mark A.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Hester, James] Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Bragg Inst, Menai, NSW 2234, Australia.
RP Nakano, K (reprint author), Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Dept Energy & Hydrocarbon Chem, Kyoto 6158510, Japan.
EM yajima.takeshi.4w@kyoto-u.ac.jp; kage@scl.kyoto-u.ac.jp
RI Kageyama, Hiroshi/A-4602-2010
FU FIRST Program, JSPS
FX The neutron experiment was performed using Echidna, ANSTO, based on the
beam time that was transferred from HERMES at JRR-3 with the approval of
ISSP, The University of Tokyo, and JAEA. This work was supported by the
FIRST Program, JSPS. We thank J. Kim, N. Tsuji, and A. Fujiwara for
their help during the SPring-8 experiments.
NR 26
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 42
PU PHYSICAL SOC JAPAN
PI TOKYO
PA YUSHIMA URBAN BUILDING 5F, 2-31-22 YUSHIMA, BUNKYO-KU, TOKYO, 113-0034,
JAPAN
SN 0031-9015
J9 J PHYS SOC JPN
JI J. Phys. Soc. Jpn.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 82
IS 7
AR 074707
DI 10.7566/JPSJ.82.074707
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 173ZA
UT WOS:000321121100032
ER
PT J
AU Lahiri, B
Holland, G
Aksyuk, V
Centrone, A
AF Lahiri, Basudev
Holland, Glenn
Aksyuk, Vladimir
Centrone, Andrea
TI Nanoscale Imaging of Plasmonic Hot Spots and Dark Modes with the
Photothermal-Induced Resonance Technique
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE SEIRA; PTIR; plasmonic resonators; hot spots; dark mode; infrared
spectroscopy
ID ENHANCED INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; RAMAN-SCATTERING; METAMATERIALS;
MICROSCOPY; NANOANTENNAS; MONOLAYERS; ARRAYS; AFM
AB The collective oscillation of conduction electrons, responsible for the localized surface plasmon resonances, enables engineering nanomaterials by tuning their optical response from the visible to terahertz as a function of nanostructure size, shape, and environment. While theoretical calculations helped tremendously in understanding plasmonic nanomaterials and optimizing their light matter interaction, only a few experimental techniques are available to study these materials with high spatial resolution. In this work, the photothermal-induced resonance (PTIR) technique is applied for the first time to image the dark plasmonic resonance of gold asymmetric split ring resonators (A-SRRs) in the mid-infrared (IR) spectral region with nanoscale resolution. Additionally, the chemically specific PTIR signal is used to map the local absorption enhancement of poly(methyl methacrylate) coated on A-SRRs, revealing hot spots with local enhancement factors up to approximate to 30 at 100 nm lateral resolution. We argue that PTIR nanoscale characterization will facilitate the engineering and application of plasmonic nanomaterials for mid-IR applications.
C1 [Lahiri, Basudev; Holland, Glenn; Aksyuk, Vladimir; Centrone, Andrea] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Lahiri, Basudev; Centrone, Andrea] Univ Maryland, IREAP, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Centrone, A (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM andrea.centrone@nist.gov
RI Lahiri, Basudev/I-5554-2016;
OI Aksyuk, Vladimir/0000-0002-9653-4722
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology American Recovery and
Reinvestment Act Measurement Science and Engineering Fellowship Program
through the University of Maryland [70NANB10H026]; University of
Maryland; National Institute of Standards and Technology Center for
Nanoscale Science and Technology through the University of Maryland
[70NANB10H193]
FX The authors acknowledge Rich Kasica of NIST for useful discussion on EBL
and Dr. Doug Gotthard of Anasys Instruments for the help in setting up
the polarization control module. A.C. acknowledges support from the
National Institute of Standards and Technology American Recovery and
Reinvestment Act Measurement Science and Engineering Fellowship Program,
Award 70NANB10H026, through the University of Maryland. AC. acknowledges
support under the Cooperative Research Agreement between the University
of Maryland and the National Institute of Standards and Technology
Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Award 70NANB10H193, through
the University of Maryland.
NR 41
TC 31
Z9 32
U1 9
U2 90
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 13
IS 7
BP 3218
EP 3224
DI 10.1021/nl401284m
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 184IW
UT WOS:000321884300035
PM 23777547
ER
PT J
AU MacIntyre, KQ
Stafford, KM
Berchok, CL
Boveng, PL
AF MacIntyre, Kalyn Q.
Stafford, Kathleen M.
Berchok, Catherine L.
Boveng, Peter L.
TI Year-round acoustic detection of bearded seals (Erignathus barbatus) in
the Beaufort Sea relative to changing environmental conditions,
2008-2010
SO POLAR BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Bearded seal; Erignathus barbatus; Beaufort Sea; Acoustics; Sea ice
concentration
ID ARCTIC MARINE MAMMALS; UNDERWATER VOCALIZATIONS; GEOGRAPHIC-VARIATION;
SEASONAL-CHANGES; MATING TACTICS; CHUKCHI SEA; SONG; PINNIPEDS;
BEHAVIOR; CLIMATE
AB Bearded seals (Erignathus barbatus) are pan-Arctic pinnipeds that are often seen in association with pack ice, and are known for their long, loud trills, produced underwater primarily in the spring. Acoustic recordings were collected from August 2008 to August 2010 at two locations and a single year (2008-2009) at a third location, in the western Beaufort Sea. Three recorders in 2008-2009 had a 30 % duty cycle and a bandwidth of 10-4,096 Hz. One recorder in 2009-2010 had a 45 % duty cycle and a bandwidth of 10-4,096 Hz and the second had a 20 % duty cycle and bandwidth of 10-8,192 Hz. Spectrograms of acoustic data were examined for characteristic patterns of bearded seal vocalizations. For each recorder, the number of hours per day with vocalizations was compared with in situ water temperature and satellite-derived daily sea ice concentrations. At all sites, bearded seals were vocally active year-round. Call activity escalated with the formation of pack ice in the winter and the peak occurred in the spring, coinciding with mating season and preceding breakup of the sea ice. There was a change in the timing of seasonal sea ice formation and retreat between the two consecutive years that was reflected in the timing of peak bearded seal call activity. This study provides new information on fall and winter bearded seal vocal behavior and the relationship between year-round vocal activity and changes in annual sea ice coverage and in situ water temperature.
C1 [MacIntyre, Kalyn Q.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
[MacIntyre, Kalyn Q.; Berchok, Catherine L.; Boveng, Peter L.] NOAA Fisheries Serv, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Stafford, Kathleen M.] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
RP MacIntyre, KQ (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, 1122 NE Boat St, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
EM kalyn.macintyre@noaa.gov
FU National Ocean Partnership Program [WHOI A100587, UAF 080047]; Joint
Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) under NOAA
[NA10OAR4320148]; U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Ocean
Energy Management (BOEM) Inter-agency [M07RG13317]; U.S. Department of
Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National
Marine Fisheries Service; BOEM Alaska Environmental Studies Program
FX We thank the captain and crew of the USCGC Healy, John Kemp (WHOI), Dave
Leech (UAF), and Sharon Nieukirk (OSU) for assistance with deployment
and recovery of the moorings. Funding for this project was provided by
the National Ocean Partnership Program grants WHOI A100587, and UAF
080047, the Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean
(JISAO) under NOAA Cooperative Agreement NA10OAR4320148 and the U.S.
Department of the Interior, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM)
Inter-agency Agreement M07RG13317 with the U.S. Department of Commerce,
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine
Fisheries Service, as part of the BOEM Alaska Environmental Studies
Program. We also thank Steve Okkonen for his assistance with the
analysis of our water temperature data and for providing us with data to
support our findings. Comments from Dr. Sofie Van Parijs and two
anonymous reviewers greatly improved this manuscript. The findings and
conclusions in the paper are those of the author(s) and do not
necessarily represent the views of the National Marine Fisheries
Service, NOAA. Reference to trade names does not imply endorsement by
the National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA. This is JISAO Contribution
No. 2095.
NR 53
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 27
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0722-4060
J9 POLAR BIOL
JI Polar Biol.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 36
IS 8
BP 1161
EP 1173
DI 10.1007/s00300-013-1337-1
PG 13
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 185NH
UT WOS:000321975200008
ER
PT J
AU Gigault, J
Hackley, VA
AF Gigault, Julien
Hackley, Vincent A.
TI Observation of size-independent effects in nanoparticle retention
behavior during asymmetric-flow field-flow fractionation
SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Field-flow fractionation; Nanoparticles/nanotechnology;
Separations/theory
ID DYNAMIC LIGHT-SCATTERING; UV-VIS DETECTION; MULTIDETECTOR APPROACH;
AQUEOUS DISPERSION; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CARBON NANOTUBES; NATURAL
COLLOIDS; SEPARATION; QUANTIFICATION; SYSTEMS
AB In this work, we highlight the size-independent influence of the material properties of nanoparticles (NPs) on their retention behavior in asymmetric-flow field-flow fractionation (A4F) by comparing four NP populations with similar nominal size. The phenomena described here suggest there are limits to the effectiveness and accuracy of using a single type of NP standard (polystyrene beads most typically) in order to generically calibrate retention time in normal mode elution. The dual objectives of this paper are to (1) demonstrate the uncertainties resulting from current practice and (2) initiate a discussion of these effects and their origins. The results presented here illustrate clearly that the retention time is higher for metallic NPs relative to lower (bulk) density NPs. By modifying the fundamental field-flow fractionation equation to account for differences in particle density, we show that the effect of the gravitational force is finite but insignificant for NPs. We postulate that the observed material-dependent retention behavior may be attributed to differences in the attractive van der Waals force between the NPs and the accumulation wall (membrane surface). We hope that our results will stimulate discussion and reassessment of the calibration procedure, perhaps by more fully accounting for all influential material parameters relevant to the fractionation of nanoscale particles by A4F.
C1 [Gigault, Julien; Hackley, Vincent A.] NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Hackley, VA (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Sci Div, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8520, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM vince.hackley@nist.gov
OI Hackley, Vincent/0000-0003-4166-2724
NR 24
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 6
U2 69
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1618-2642
J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 405
IS 19
BP 6251
EP 6258
DI 10.1007/s00216-013-7055-2
PG 8
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 177OM
UT WOS:000321384700010
PM 23712648
ER
PT J
AU Chang, JB
Vissers, MR
Corcoles, AD
Sandberg, M
Gao, J
Abraham, DW
Chow, JM
Gambetta, JM
Rothwell, MB
Keefe, GA
Steffen, M
Pappas, DP
AF Chang, Josephine B.
Vissers, Michael R.
Corcoles, Antonio D.
Sandberg, Martin
Gao, Jiansong
Abraham, David W.
Chow, Jerry M.
Gambetta, Jay M.
Rothwell, Mary Beth
Keefe, George A.
Steffen, Matthias
Pappas, David P.
TI Improved superconducting qubit coherence using titanium nitride
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
AB We demonstrate enhanced relaxation and dephasing times of transmon qubits, up to similar to 60 mu s, by fabricating the interdigitated shunting capacitors using titanium nitride (TiN). Compared to qubits made with lift-off aluminum deposited simultaneously with the Josephson junction, this represents as much as a six-fold improvement and provides evidence that surface losses from two-level system (TLS) defects residing at or near interfaces contribute to decoherence. Concurrently, we observe an anomalous temperature dependent frequency shift of TiN resonators, which is inconsistent with the predicted TLS model. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.
C1 [Chang, Josephine B.; Corcoles, Antonio D.; Abraham, David W.; Chow, Jerry M.; Gambetta, Jay M.; Rothwell, Mary Beth; Keefe, George A.; Steffen, Matthias] IBM Corp, Thomas J Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA.
[Vissers, Michael R.; Sandberg, Martin; Gao, Jiansong; Pappas, David P.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Chang, JB (reprint author), IBM Corp, Thomas J Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA.
FU DARPA; NIST
FX The authors would like to thank E. Duch, R. Martin, and E. O'Sullivan
for their contributions to this work, and Chris Lirakis, Jim Rozen, and
Jack Rohrs for their support. The authors acknowledge useful comments on
the manuscript from S. Poletto, E. Lucero, N. Masluk, and D. McClure.
Portions of this work were completed in the IBM T. J. Watson
Microelectronics Research Laboratory. This work was supported by DARPA
and the NIST Quantum Information Program. The views and conclusions
contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be
interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressly or
implied, of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency.
NR 22
TC 73
Z9 73
U1 3
U2 49
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JUL 1
PY 2013
VL 103
IS 1
AR 012602
DI 10.1063/1.4813269
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 179CX
UT WOS:000321497200023
ER
PT J
AU Salimon, C
Sousa, ED
Alin, SR
Krusche, AV
Ballester, MV
AF Salimon, Cleber
Sousa, Eliete dos Santos
Alin, Simone R.
Krusche, Alex Vladimir
Ballester, Maria Victoria
TI Seasonal variation in dissolved carbon concentrations and fluxes in the
upper Purus River, southwestern Amazon
SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Dissolved inorganic carbon; Dissolved organic carbon; Seasonality;
Carbon balance; pH; Water discharge
ID ORGANIC-CARBON; CONTRASTING SOILS; TROPICAL FORESTS; GAS-EXCHANGE;
RAIN-FOREST; BASIN; WATER; DIOXIDE; CLIMATE; RESPIRATION
AB One of the less studied components of carbon cycling that could improve our understanding of how and how strongly Amazonian ecosystems act as sinks or sources of carbon is the amount that is carried downstream by rivers. In this paper, we show that a headwater river can carry from 25 to 130 % of the reported sink for Amazonian forests, therefore not being negligible for ecosystem-level carbon budgets. Based on monthly measurements from May 2004 to April 2005 of the upper Purus River, southwestern Amazonia, we found that: water pH, dissolved oxygen, specific electrical conductivity, and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) were inversely related to water discharge and precipitation; pCO(2) was directly and strongly related to discharge and precipitation, and to a lesser extent to pH and dissolved oxygen; and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was not related to any measured variable. Annual flux of dissolved carbon (DIC + DOC) at the sampling site was estimated as 604 +/- A 55 Gg C a(-1). More than 75 % was in the form of bicarbonate, with the remainder as CO2 and DOC. This amount is equivalent to 0.15 +/- A 0.01 Mg C ha(-1) a(-1) in the upstream drainage basin, which is on the same order of magnitude as terrestrial carbon fixation.
C1 [Salimon, Cleber; Sousa, Eliete dos Santos] State Univ Paraiba, Fed Univ Acre, BR-69915900 Rio Branco, AC, Brazil.
[Sousa, Eliete dos Santos; Krusche, Alex Vladimir; Ballester, Maria Victoria] Ctr Energia Nucl Agr USP, BR-13400970 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
[Alin, Simone R.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Salimon, C (reprint author), State Univ Paraiba, Fed Univ Acre, BR 364 Km 4 CEP, BR-69915900 Rio Branco, AC, Brazil.
EM clebsal@gmail.com
RI Ballester, Maria/K-1926-2013
OI Ballester, Maria/0000-0003-2567-6747
FU FAPESP [03/07778-5, 03/1372-2]; NASA LBA Program [NCC5-689, NNG06GE98A];
Amazon Conservation Leadership Initiative at the University of Florida;
PROCAD [108/2007 CAPES]; INCT-CENBAM; PPBio
FX We thank Willian Aiache for fieldwork, and the staff of the Limnology
Laboratory at the Federal University of Acre, namely Dr M. R. Lopes and
Liana Anderson, for GIS assistance; We acknowledge FAPESP grants
03/07778-5 and 03/1372-2, the NASA LBA Program (NCC5-689 and
NNG06GE98A), and the "Amazon Conservation Leadership Initiative at the
University of Florida." This is PMEL contribution number 3772. We also
thank William Ernest Magnusson for revising the manuscript. This paper
was finalized during the writing workshop funded by PROCAD no. 108/2007
CAPES, INCT-CENBAM, and PPBio.
NR 43
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Z9 5
U1 5
U2 62
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-2563
EI 1573-515X
J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
JI Biogeochemistry
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 114
IS 1-3
BP 245
EP 254
DI 10.1007/s10533-012-9806-0
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA 168PO
UT WOS:000320718200015
ER
PT J
AU Steele, CA
Anderson, EC
Ackerman, MW
Hess, MA
Campbell, NR
Narum, SR
Campbell, MR
AF Steele, Craig A.
Anderson, Eric C.
Ackerman, Michael W.
Hess, Maureen A.
Campbell, Nathan R.
Narum, Shawn R.
Campbell, Matthew R.
TI A validation of parentage-based tagging using hatchery steelhead in the
Snake River basin
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; NATURAL-POPULATIONS; SALMON; SNPS;
MICROSATELLITES; IDENTIFICATION; CONSERVATION; ASSIGNMENT; INFERENCE
AB Parentage-based tagging (PBT) is a promising alternative to traditional coded-wire tag (CWT) methodologies for monitoring and evaluating hatchery stocks. This approach involves the genotyping of hatchery broodstock and uses parentage assignments to identify the origin and brood year of their progeny. In this study we empirically confirmed that fewer than 100 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were needed to accurately conduct PBT, we demonstrated that our selected panel of SNPs was comparable in accuracy to a panel of microsatellites, and we verified that stock assignments made with this panel matched those made using CWTs. We also demonstrated that when sampling of spawners was incomplete, an estimated PBT rate for the offspring could also be predicted with fewer than 100 SNPs. This study in the Snake River basin is one of the first large-scale implementations of PBT in salmonids and lays the foundation for adopting this technology more broadly in the region, thereby allowing the unprecedented ability to mark millions of smolts and an opportunity to address a variety of parentage-based research and management questions.
C1 [Steele, Craig A.; Ackerman, Michael W.] Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commiss, Eagle Fish Genet Lab, Eagle, ID 83616 USA.
[Anderson, Eric C.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Fisheries Ecol Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Hess, Maureen A.; Campbell, Nathan R.; Narum, Shawn R.] Columbia River Intertribal Fisheries Commiss, Hagerman Fish Culture Expt Stn, Hagerman, ID 83332 USA.
[Campbell, Matthew R.] Idaho Dept Fish & Game, Eagle Fish Genet Lab, Eagle, ID 83616 USA.
RP Steele, CA (reprint author), Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commiss, Eagle Fish Genet Lab, 1800 Trout Rd, Eagle, ID 83616 USA.
EM craig.steele@idfg.idaho.gov; eric.anderson@noaa.gov
FU Bonneville Power Administration [2010-031-00]; Pacific Coast Salmon
Recovery Fund; Idaho Power Company [01608SC]
FX Primary funding for this research came from the Bonneville Power
Administration (Project No. 2010-031-00). Additional financial support
was provided by the Pacific Coast Salmon Recovery Fund and the Idaho
Power Company (Project No. 01608SC). We thank the many hard-working
staff and technicians for extracting, genotyping, and organizing the
thousands of samples that made this research possible: C. Camacho, D.
Kovis (who also created Fig. 1), J. McCane, L. Redfield, and T.
Vanderwey from the Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission at the
Eagle Fish Genetics Laboratory, as well as S. Harmon, T. Jacobsen, A.
Matala, L. Maxwell, M. Moore, V. Morman, and J. Stephenson from the
Columbia River Inter-tribal Fisheries Commission at the Hagerman Fish
Genetics Laboratory. Thanks also go to L. Clifford at Idaho Department
of Fish and Game for formatting the manuscript and to B. Wright at Idaho
Department of Fish and Game for providing CWT data. Special thanks to
all Idaho Department of Fish and Game, Oregon Department of Fish and
Wildlife, Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, United States Fish
and Wildlife Service, and Nez Perce Tribe staff and volunteers who
helped collect genetic samples from hatchery broodstock.
NR 28
TC 16
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U1 2
U2 33
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 7
BP 1046
EP 1054
DI 10.1139/cjfas-2012-0451
PG 9
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 175QX
UT WOS:000321247700009
ER
PT J
AU Zhou, LM
Tian, YH
Roy, SB
Dai, YJ
Chen, HS
AF Zhou, Liming
Tian, Yuhong
Roy, Somnath Baidya
Dai, Yongjiu
Chen, Haishan
TI Diurnal and seasonal variations of wind farm impacts on land surface
temperature over western Texas
SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Wind farm; Impacts on weather and climate; Land surface temperature;
Land cover land use; MODIS; West-Central Texas
ID NORTH-ATLANTIC; CLIMATE; ENERGY
AB This paper analyzes seasonal and diurnal variations of MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) land surface temperature (LST) data at similar to 1.1 km for the period of 2003-2011 over a region in West-Central Texas, where four of the world's largest wind farms are located. Seasonal anomalies are created from MODIS Terra (similar to 10:30 a.m. and 10:30 p.m. local solar time) and Aqua (similar to 1:30 a.m. and 1:30 p.m. local solar time) LSTs, and their spatiotemporal variability is analyzed by comparing the LST changes between wind farm pixels (WFPs) and nearby non wind farm pixels (NNWFPs) using different methods under different quality controls. Our analyses show consistently that there is a warming effect of 0.31-0.70 A degrees C at nighttime for the nine-year period during which data was collected over WFPs relative to NNWFPs, in all seasons for both Terra and Aqua measurements, while the changes at daytime are much noisier. The nighttime warming effect is much larger in summer than winter and at similar to 10:30 p.m. than similar to 1:30 a.m. and hence the largest warming effect is observed at similar to 10:30 p.m. in summer. The spatial pattern and magnitude of this warming effect couple very well with the geographic distribution of wind turbines and such coupling is stronger at nighttime than daytime and in summer than winter. Together, these results suggest that the warming effect observed in MODIS over wind farms are very likely attributable to the development of wind farms. This inference is consistent with the increasing number of operational wind turbines with time during the study period, the diurnal and seasonal variations in the frequency of wind speed and direction distribution, and the changes in near-surface atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) conditions due to wind farm operations. The nocturnal ABL is typically stable and much thinner than the daytime ABL and hence the turbine enhanced vertical mixing produces a stronger nighttime effect. The stronger wind speed and the higher frequency of the wind speed within the optimal power generation range in summer than winter and at nighttime than daytime likely drives wind turbines to generate more electricity and turbulence and consequently results in the strongest warming effect at nighttime in summer. Similarly, the stronger wind speed and the higher frequency of optimal wind speed at similar to 10:30 p.m. than that at similar to 1:30 a.m. might help explain, to some extent, why the nighttime LST warming effect is slightly larger at similar to 10:30 p.m. than similar to 1:30 a.m. The nighttime warming effect seen in spring and fall are smaller than that in summer and can be explained similarly.
C1 [Zhou, Liming] SUNY Albany, Dept Atmospher & Environm Sci, Albany, NY 12222 USA.
[Tian, Yuhong] NOAA NESDIS STAR, IMSG, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[Roy, Somnath Baidya] Univ Illinois, Dept Atmospher Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Dai, Yongjiu] Beijing Normal Univ, Sch Geog, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
[Chen, Haishan] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Key Lab Meteorol Disaster, Minist Educ, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
RP Zhou, LM (reprint author), SUNY Albany, Dept Atmospher & Environm Sci, 1400 Washington Ave, Albany, NY 12222 USA.
EM lzhou@albany.edu
RI Zhou, Liming/A-2688-2012; Dai, Yongjiu/D-6261-2014;
OI Dai, Yongjiu/0000-0002-3588-6644; Chen, Haishan/0000-0002-2403-3187
FU University at Albany, SUNY; National Science Foundation [NSF
AGS-1247137]; National Basic Research Program of China [2011CB952000];
National Natural Science Foundation of China [40875062]; Ministry of
Education; State Administration for Foreign Experts Affairs of China
FX This study was supported by the startup funds provided by University at
Albany, SUNY and by National Science Foundation (NSF AGS-1247137). H.
Chen was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China
(Grant No. 2011CB952000). Y. Dai was supported by the National Natural
Science Foundation of China under grant 40875062 and the 111 Project of
Ministry of Education and State Administration for Foreign Experts
Affairs of China. The MERRA reanalysis data is obtained from the
NASA/GSFC/GMAO data server. Chad Eilering and Maxwell Smith helped
generate the Google Earth kml files.
NR 31
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 38
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0930-7575
J9 CLIM DYNAM
JI Clim. Dyn.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 41
IS 2
BP 307
EP 326
DI 10.1007/s00382-012-1485-y
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 173WY
UT WOS:000321114300006
ER
PT J
AU Bourdeau, PE
Pangle, KL
Reed, EM
Peacor, SD
AF Bourdeau, Paul E.
Pangle, Kevin L.
Reed, Emily M.
Peacor, Scott D.
TI Finely tuned response of native prey to an invasive predator in a
freshwater system
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE diel vertical migration; Great Lakes; invasive species; naivete;
non-consumptive effect; phenotypic plasticity; predator-prey interaction
ID DIEL VERTICAL MIGRATION; YOSEMITE-NATIONAL-PARK; LAKE-MICHIGAN;
ANTIPREDATOR BEHAVIOR; INTRODUCED PREDATOR; DAPHNIA-MENDOTAE; FISH;
INVERTEBRATE; BYTHOTREPHES; HYPOTHESIS
AB Lack of shared evolutionary history reduces the expectation that native prey will detect and respond to invasive predators. Four mechanisms may explain the adaptive response that is nevertheless seen in various systems: prey may perceive the invasive predator through cue similarity with preexisting predators, cues of conspecifics eaten by the invasive predator, a learned response based on experience with the invasive predator (e.g., cue association), and cues from the invasive predator that are specific to it. We performed laboratory experiments in which zooplankton (Daphnia mendotae) responded adaptively to the zooplanktivore Bythotrephes longimanus (migrating downward), showed no response to taxonomically similar predatory cladocerans, and responded adaptively to more taxonomically distant native fish (migrating downward) and native shrimp (migrating upward). Conspecific cues associated with Bythotrephes predation actually reduced the response of D. mendotae to Bythotrephes. Combined with previous experiments that rule out learning, our experiments rule out the first three mechanisms above, demonstrating that D. mendotae respond to cues specific to and produced directly by Bythotrephes. This finely tuned response may be retained from an ancestral species that coevolved with Bythotrephes in its native range, or may have rapidly evolved due to strong selection by the invasive predator.
C1 [Bourdeau, Paul E.; Reed, Emily M.; Peacor, Scott D.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Pangle, Kevin L.] Cent Michigan Univ, Dept Biol, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA.
[Pangle, Kevin L.] Cent Michigan Univ, Inst Great Lakes Res, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA.
[Peacor, Scott D.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
RP Peacor, SD (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, 13 Nat Resources Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM peacor@msu.edu
FU Fishery Research Program of the Great Lakes Fishery Commission; National
Science Foundation [OCE-0826020]; Michigan State University
AgBioResearch
FX D. Donahue and D. Mason provided logistical support, and the crew of R/V
Laurentian helped collect zooplankton. Comments by J. Van Buskirk and
two anonymous reviewers improved the manuscript. Funding came from
Fishery Research Program of the Great Lakes Fishery Commission and
National Science Foundation grant OCE-0826020 to S. D. Peacor. S. D.
Peacor acknowledges support from Michigan State University
AgBioResearch. This is NOAA-GLERL contribution number 1663 and Central
Michigan University Institute of Great Lakes Research contribution
number 29.
NR 44
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 3
U2 100
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0012-9658
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 94
IS 7
BP 1449
EP 1455
DI 10.1890/12-2116.1
PG 7
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 180SY
UT WOS:000321618400002
PM 23951704
ER
PT J
AU McClintock, BT
Conn, PB
Alonso, RS
Crooks, KR
AF McClintock, Brett T.
Conn, Paul B.
Alonso, Robert S.
Crooks, Kevin R.
TI Integrated modeling of bilateral photo-identification data in
mark-recapture analyses
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE abundance; latent multinomial; mark-resight; noninvasive
capture-recapture; photo-identification; remote camera trapping
ID SHARKS RHINCODON-TYPUS; CAPTURE-RECAPTURE; POPULATION; CONSERVATION;
ALGORITHM; ABUNDANCE; INFERENCE
AB When natural marks provide sufficient resolution to identify individual animals, noninvasive sampling using cameras has a number of distinct advantages relative to traditional mark-recapture methods. However, analyses from photo-identification records often pose additional challenges. For example, it is often unclear how to link left- and right-side photos to the same individual, and previous studies have primarily used data from just one side for statistical inference. Here we describe how a recently developed statistical method can be adapted for integrated mark-recapture analyses using bilateral photo-identification records. The approach works by assuming that the true encounter history for each animal is a latent (unobserved) realization from a multinomial distribution. Based on the type of photo encounter (e.g., right, left, or both sides), the recorded (observed) encounter histories can only arise from certain combinations of these latent histories. In this manner, the approach properly accounts for uncertainty about the true number of distinct animals observed in the study. Using a Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling procedure, we conduct a small simulation study to show that this approach has reasonable properties and outperforms other methods. We further illustrate our approach by estimating population size from bobcat photo-identification records. Although motivated by bilateral photo-identification records, we note that the proposed methodology can be used to combine and jointly analyze other types of mark-recapture data (e.g., photo and DNA records).
C1 [McClintock, Brett T.; Conn, Paul B.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Alonso, Robert S.; Crooks, Kevin R.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Alonso, Robert S.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Thousand Oaks, CA 91360 USA.
RP McClintock, BT (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM brett.mcclintock@noaa.gov
NR 22
TC 13
Z9 15
U1 3
U2 52
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0012-9658
EI 1939-9170
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 94
IS 7
BP 1464
EP 1471
DI 10.1890/12-1613.1
PG 8
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 180SY
UT WOS:000321618400004
PM 23951706
ER
PT J
AU Allison, TC
Tong, YYJ
AF Allison, Thomas C.
Tong, YuYe J.
TI Application of the condensed Fukui function to predict reactivity in
core-shell transition metal nanoparticles
SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
DE Nanoparticles; Chemical reactivity theory; Fukui function
ID FRONTIER-ELECTRON THEORY; SINGLE-CRYSTAL SURFACES; CHEMICAL-REACTIVITY;
FUNCTION INDEXES; NON-NEGATIVITY; SPECTROSCOPY; DESCRIPTOR; ADSORPTION;
CATALYSIS; CLUSTERS
AB Chemical reactivity descriptors are a powerful means for understanding reactivity in a wide variety of chemical compounds. These descriptors, rooted in density functional theory, have found broad application in organic chemical reactions, but have not been as widely applied for other classes of chemical species such as nanoparticles, which are the subject of this article. Specifically, we explore application of the Fukui function, the global hardness and softness, the local softness, and the dual descriptor to pure metallic and core-shell nanoparticles, with and without a CO molecule bound to the surface. We find that the Fukui function is useful in predicting and interpreting chemical reactivity, and that it correlates well with the results of the popular d-band center method. Differences in the Fukui function before and after bonding of a CO molecule to the surface of a nanoparticle reveal interesting information about the reactivity of the nanoparticle surface. The change in the Fukui function when an electric field is applied to the molecule is also considered. Though the results are generally good, some of the limitations of this approach become clear. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Allison, Thomas C.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Tong, YuYe J.] Georgetown Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20057 USA.
RP Allison, TC (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8320, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM thomas.allison@nist.gov; yyt@georgetown.edu
RI Tong, YuYe/A-2334-2008
OI Tong, YuYe/0000-0003-2799-022X
FU Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research;
DOE [DE-FG02-07ER15895]; NSF [CHE-0923910]
FX TCA acknowledges Dr. Carlos A. Gonzalez for a number of helpful
discussions in the preparation of the material presented in this
article. A portion of the research was performed using EMSL, a national
scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office
of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory. Research in YYJT's lab is financially
supported by DOE (DE-FG02-07ER15895) and NSF (CHE-0923910).
NR 32
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 24
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0013-4686
J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA
JI Electrochim. Acta
PD JUL 1
PY 2013
VL 101
SI SI
BP 334
EP 340
DI 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.12.072
PG 7
WC Electrochemistry
SC Electrochemistry
GA 175LK
UT WOS:000321232000039
ER
PT J
AU Manzello, SL
Yamada, T
Jeffers, A
Ohmiya, Y
Himoto, K
Fernandez-Pello, AC
AF Manzello, Samuel L.
Yamada, Tokiyoshi
Jeffers, Ann
Ohmiya, Yoshifumi
Himoto, Keisuke
Fernandez-Pello, A. Carlos
TI Summary of workshop for fire structure interaction and urban and
wildland-urban interface (WUI) Fires-operation Tomodachi-fire research
SO FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Urban fires; WUI fires; Fire-structure interaction
ID SCALE-MODEL; RESISTANCE; DESIGN; WHIRL
AB A workshop, known as "Operation Tomodachi-Fire Research" was held in Tokyo, Japan from July 1 to July 4, 2012. Tomodachi means friendship in Japanese. This workshop, under the direction of Dr. Samuel L. Manzello of EL-NIST and Dr. Tokiyoshi Yamada of the University of Tokyo, was conducted in partnership with the Japan Association of Fire Science and Engineering (JAFSE). The objective was to: (1) develop scientific knowledge and translate it to building codes and standards that will be of use to both countries to reduce the devastation caused by unwanted fires, (2) provide a forum for next generation researchers to present their work in order to develop new research collaborations, (3) and allow USA participants a chance to visit excellent large-scale research facilities available in Japan that are of use to the research topics of this workshop. This is a formal continuation of the kickoff meeting held at NIST's Engineering Laboratory (EL-NIST) in June 2011. USA presentations were delivered from: NIST, Purdue University, University of Texas-Austin, Michigan State University, University of Michigan, Insurance Institute for Business and Home Safety (IBHS), Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI), University of California-Berkeley, California Polytechnic University (CALPOLY), Underwriters laboratories (UL), and the University of Delaware (organizations are listed based on the order of oral presentation). Japanese presentations were delivered from: The University of Tokyo, Building Research Institute (BRI), Takenaka Corporation, Center for Better Living, Shimizu Corporation, Tokyo University of Science (TUS), National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management (NILIM), Kyoto University, National Research Institute of Fire and Disaster (NRIFD), Yamagata University, and Kobe University (organizations are listed based on the order of oral presentation). All of the presentations are documented in a recent NIST Special Publication (MIST SP 1137). The present paper provides a detailed summary for the need of this workshop as well as the findings obtained from the event. It is desired that this activity will motivate the next generation of researchers to explore and develop research collaborations related to emerging areas of fire safety science. The authors are hopeful that new and exciting activities specific to other countries may come out of this type of event. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Manzello, Samuel L.] NIST, EL, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Yamada, Tokiyoshi] Univ Tokyo, Fire & Disaster Management Lab, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo, Japan.
[Jeffers, Ann] Univ Michigan, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Ohmiya, Yoshifumi] Tokyo Univ Sci, Ctr Fire Sci & Technol, Noda, Chiba 278, Japan.
[Himoto, Keisuke] Kyoto Univ, DPRI, Kyoto, Japan.
[Fernandez-Pello, A. Carlos] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Manzello, SL (reprint author), NIST, Fire Res Div, EL, Room A361,Stop 8662, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM samuelm@nist.gov
RI Himoto, Keisuke/E-7110-2013;
OI Himoto, Keisuke/0000-0001-7965-0329; Jeffers, Ann/0000-0002-1961-6775
FU Kajima Foundation
FX The organizing local organizing committee (Dr. Hagiwara, Dr. Ohmiya, Dr.
Wakatsuki, Mr. Yoshinaga, and Ms. Takahashi) is gratefully acknowledged
for their hard work. All are indebted to the Building Research Institute
(BRI) and the National Research Institute of Fire and Disaster (NRIFD)
for hosting the meeting. The Tokyo University of Science (TUS) is also
acknowledged for handling the optional laboratory tour. The excellent
presentations from all the presenters are really appreciated. Dr.
Nakamura is acknowledged for assisting the discussion for the future
collaboration and workshop. The valuable input of all participants is
warmly appreciated as well as the the support from the Kajima
Foundation. Finally, Dr. Manzello would like to extend a special thank
you to Professor Takeyoshi Tanaka of Kyoto University and Dr. Sayaka
Suzuki of NFIRD. Without Professor Tanaka's unwavering support, this
event would not have been possible.
NR 25
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 19
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0379-7112
J9 FIRE SAFETY J
JI Fire Saf. J.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 59
BP 122
EP 131
DI 10.1016/j.firesaf.2013.03.021
PG 10
WC Engineering, Civil; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 174TS
UT WOS:000321178900014
ER
PT J
AU Hayes, AG
Lorenz, RD
Donelan, MA
Manga, M
Lunine, JI
Schneider, T
Lamb, MP
Mitchell, JM
Fischer, WW
Graves, SD
Tolman, HL
Aharonson, O
Encrenaz, PJ
Ventura, B
Casarano, D
Notarnicola, C
AF Hayes, A. G.
Lorenz, R. D.
Donelan, M. A.
Manga, M.
Lunine, J. I.
Schneider, T.
Lamb, M. P.
Mitchell, J. M.
Fischer, W. W.
Graves, S. D.
Tolman, H. L.
Aharonson, O.
Encrenaz, P. J.
Ventura, B.
Casarano, D.
Notarnicola, C.
TI Wind driven capillary-gravity waves on Titan's lakes: Hard to detect or
non-existent?
SO ICARUS
LA English
DT Article
DE Titan; Saturn, Satellites; Radar observations; Infrared observations
ID SURFACE-WAVES; GENERATED WAVES; SHEAR FLOWS; SEA; COEFFICIENTS; STRESS;
GROWTH; OCEANS; SLOPE; SPEED
AB Saturn's moon Titan has lakes and seas of liquid hydrocarbon and a dense atmosphere, an environment conducive to generating wind waves. Cassini observations thus far, however, show no indication of waves. We apply models for wind wave generation and detection to the Titan environment. Results suggest wind speed thresholds at a reference altitude of 10 m of 0.4-0.7 m/s for liquid compositions varying between pure methane and equilibrium mixtures with the atmosphere (ethane has a threshold of 0.6 m/s), varying primarily with liquid viscosity. This reduced threshold, as compared to Earth, results from Titan's increased atmosphere-to-liquid density ratio, reduced gravity and lower surface tension. General Circulation Models (GCMs) predict wind speeds below derived thresholds near equinox, when available observations of lake surfaces have been acquired. Predicted increases in winds as Titan approaches summer solstice, however, will exceed expected thresholds and may provide constraints on lake composition and/or GCM accuracy through the presence or absence of waves during the Cassini Solstice Mission. A two-scale microwave backscatter model suggests that returns from wave-modified liquid hydrocarbon surfaces may be below the pixel-scale noise floor of Cassini radar images, but can be detectable using real-aperture scatterometry, pixel binning and/or observations obtained in a specular geometry. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Hayes, A. G.; Lunine, J. I.] Cornell Univ, Ctr Radiophys & Space Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Hayes, A. G.; Manga, M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Lorenz, R. D.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 50742 USA.
[Donelan, M. A.] Univ Miami, Rosentiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Schneider, T.] ETH, Dept Earth Sci, Zurich, Switzerland.
[Schneider, T.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Schneider, T.; Lamb, M. P.; Fischer, W. W.; Graves, S. D.; Aharonson, O.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Mitchell, J. M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90025 USA.
[Tolman, H. L.] NOAA, Marine Modeling & Anal Branch, NCEP, EMC, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Aharonson, O.] Weizmann Inst Sci, Ctr Planetary Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel.
[Encrenaz, P. J.] Observ Paris, F-75014 Paris, France.
[Ventura, B.; Notarnicola, C.] EURAC, Inst Appl Remote Sensing, Bolzano, Italy.
[Casarano, D.] CNR, IRPI, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
RP Hayes, AG (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Ctr Radiophys & Space Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM hayes@astro.cornell.edu
RI Lamb, Michael/B-6478-2012; Schneider, Tapio /A-7038-2014; Hayes,
Alexander/P-2024-2014; Lorenz, Ralph/B-8759-2016;
OI Schneider, Tapio /0000-0001-5687-2287; Hayes,
Alexander/0000-0001-6397-2630; Lorenz, Ralph/0000-0001-8528-4644; Manga,
Michael/0000-0003-3286-4682
FU Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science; NASA [NNX13AH 14G];
NASA; David and Lucile Packard Fellowship
FX A.G.H. would like to the thank the Miller Institute for Basic Research
in Science for partially funding this work. R.L., J.I.L., and P.E. were
partially supported by the Cassini Project (for R.L. via NASA Grant
NNX13AH 14G). T.S. and S.D.G. acknowledge support from a NASA Earth and
Space Science Fellowship and a David and Lucile Packard Fellowship. We
would especially like to thank and acknowledge H.E. Schlichting of the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology for her advice and contributions
to this work and Richard Lovelace of Cornell University, whose inquiries
supplied the motivation for this project. All authors would also like to
thank the Cassini engineering team, without whom this manuscript would
not have been possible.
NR 64
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 19
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0019-1035
J9 ICARUS
JI Icarus
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 225
IS 1
BP 403
EP 412
DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2013.04.004
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 174ND
UT WOS:000321161800034
ER
PT J
AU Large, SI
Fay, G
Friedland, KD
Link, JS
AF Large, Scott I.
Fay, Gavin
Friedland, Kevin D.
Link, Jason S.
TI Defining trends and thresholds in responses of ecological indicators to
fishing and environmental pressures
SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE decision criteria; ecosystem-based management; generalized additive
model; overfishing; reference points
ID ECOSYSTEM-BASED MANAGEMENT; GENERALIZED ADDITIVE-MODELS; MARINE
ECOSYSTEMS; FISHERIES MANAGEMENT; NORTH-ATLANTIC; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE;
REGRESSION SPLINES; STRUCTURAL-CHANGE; SHELF ECOSYSTEM; PREDATORY FISH
AB Both fishing and environmental forces can influence the structure of marine ecosystems. To further understand marine ecosystems and to implement ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM), an evaluation of ecosystem indicators is warranted. In this context, it is particularly important to identify thresholds where fishing and environmental pressures significantly influence ecological indicators. We empirically determined numerical values of environmental forces and fishing pressure that significantly altered the response of ecological indicators for the Northeast Shelf Large Marine Ecosystem. Generalized additive models predicted a non-linear relationship for each pressure-response pairing. With this smoother, 95% confidence intervals (CI) for estimated first and second derivatives for each relationship were determined via parametric bootstrap. A significant trend or threshold was noted when the CI for the first or second derivative was greater or less than zero, delineating the level atwhich pressure variables influence the rate and direction of ecosystem indicator responses. We identify reference levels where environmental forces and fishing pressure result in ecosystem change by collectively examining the responses of multiple ecological indicators. Individual indicators showed unique responses to pressures, however, similar values for the pressures were associated with significant changes for multiple indicators. These reference levels establish a foundation for implementation of EBFM.
C1 [Large, Scott I.; Fay, Gavin; Link, Jason S.] NOAA Fisheries, Woods Hole, MA USA.
[Friedland, Kevin D.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
RP Large, SI (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, Woods Hole, MA USA.
EM scott.large@noaa.gov
FU NOAA NMFS Fisheries and the Environment (FATE) grant
FX This work was supported by a NOAA NMFS Fisheries and the Environment
(FATE) grant. We thank all those who participated in the NEFSC bottom
trawl survey and have maintained this database. We thank M. Fogarty, R.
Gamble, S. Gaichas, and two anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful
comments on earlier versions of this work.
NR 112
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 2
U2 60
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1054-3139
EI 1095-9289
J9 ICES J MAR SCI
JI ICES J. Mar. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 4
BP 755
EP 767
DI 10.1093/icesjms/fst067
PG 13
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 173CZ
UT WOS:000321057000006
ER
PT J
AU Hurst, TP
Fernandez, ER
Mathis, JT
AF Hurst, Thomas P.
Fernandez, Elena R.
Mathis, Jeremy T.
TI Effects of ocean acidification on hatch size and larval growth of
walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma)
SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE climate change; early life history; fishes; gadids; growth rate;
hatching; hypercapnia
ID COD GADUS-MORHUA; EASTERN BERING-SEA; TROPICAL MARINE FISH; EARLY-LIFE
STAGES; ANTHROPOGENIC CO2; OLFACTORY CUES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; TEMPERATURE;
MACROCEPHALUS; TOLERANCE
AB Rising atmospheric concentrations of CO2 are predicted to decrease the pH of high-latitude oceans by 0.3-0.5 units by 2100. Because of their limited capacity for ion exchange, embryos and larvae of marine fishes are predicted to be more sensitive to elevated CO2 than juveniles and adults. Eggs and larvae of walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) were incubated across a broad range of CO2 levels (280-2100 matm) to evaluate sensitivity in this critical resource species. Slightly elevated CO2 levels (similar to 450 mu atm) resulted in earlier hatching times, but differences among egg batches were greater than those observed across CO2 treatments. Egg batches differed significantly in size-at-hatch metrics, but we observed no consistent effect of CO2 level. In three independent experiments, walleye pollock were reared at ambient and elevated CO2 levels through the early larval stage (to similar to 30 days post-hatch). Across trials, there were only minor effects of CO2 level on size and growth rate, but fish in the ambient treatments tended to be slightly smaller than fish reared at elevated CO2 levels. These results suggest that growth potential of early life stages of walleye pollock is resilient with respect to the direct physiological effects of ocean acidification.
C1 [Hurst, Thomas P.] NOAA, Fisheries Behav Ecol Program, Resource Assessment & Conservat Engn Div, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr,Natl Marine Fisheries Se, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Mathis, Jeremy T.] Univ Alaska, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
RP Hurst, TP (reprint author), NOAA, Fisheries Behav Ecol Program, Resource Assessment & Conservat Engn Div, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr,Natl Marine Fisheries Se, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
EM thomas.hurst@noaa.gov
RI Hurst, Thomas/N-1401-2013
FU Pollock Conservation Cooperative Research Center; NOAA's Ocean
Acidification Research Program; Rasmuson Fisheries Research Center;
Oregon State University's Hatfield Marine Science Center
FX This project was funded by a grant from the Pollock Conservation
Cooperative Research Center to JTM, and grants to TPH from NOAA's Ocean
Acidification Research Program. ERF was supported by a Graduate Research
Fellowship from the Rasmuson Fisheries Research Center, and a Markham
Award from Oregon State University's Hatfield Marine Science Center.
NR 68
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 6
U2 93
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1054-3139
EI 1095-9289
J9 ICES J MAR SCI
JI ICES J. Mar. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 4
BP 812
EP 822
DI 10.1093/icesjms/fst053
PG 11
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 173CZ
UT WOS:000321057000011
ER
PT J
AU Busch, DS
Harvey, CJ
McElhany, P
AF Busch, D. Shallin
Harvey, Chris J.
McElhany, Paul
TI Potential impacts of ocean acidification on the Puget Sound food web
SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE copepods; Ecopath with Ecosim; ecosystem services; fisheries management;
food webs; ocean acidification; trophic cascades
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; MARINE-PHYTOPLANKTON; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; ECOSYSTEM
MODELS; CO2; CARBON; PH; COMMUNITY; SYSTEM; MANAGEMENT
AB Ecosystem impacts of ocean acidification (OA) were explored by imposing scenarios designed to mimic OA on a food web model of Puget Sound, a large estuary in northwestern USA. The productivity of functional groups containing mostly calcifiers was decreased while still allowing other species groups to respond to the scenarios in a dynamic way through indirect effects. Results focus on changes in ecosystem services and structure. Sometimes the direct and indirect effects of OA countered each other due to interactions between predators and prey within the food web, leading to little change in the food web. In other cases, direct and indirect effects caused greater change in the food web than anticipated from direct effects alone. Results were strongly affected by the group on which OA was directly imposed, with changes in copepod productivity being the most influential. While there is much uncertainty in our predictions, focusing on the complex interactions among species, and between species and their environment, will yield better understanding of how ecosystems may respond to OA.
C1 [Busch, D. Shallin; Harvey, Chris J.; McElhany, Paul] NOAA, Conservat Biol Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Busch, DS (reprint author), NOAA, Conservat Biol Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM Shallin.Busch@noaa.gov
FU NOAA's Ocean Acidification Program; Northwest Fisheries Science Center
FX This project was funded by NOAA's Ocean Acidification Program and
Northwest Fisheries Science Center.
NR 46
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 15
U2 158
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1054-3139
J9 ICES J MAR SCI
JI ICES J. Mar. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 4
BP 823
EP 833
DI 10.1093/icesjms/fst061
PG 11
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 173CZ
UT WOS:000321057000012
ER
PT J
AU Bacheler, NM
Schobernd, ZH
Berrane, DJ
Schobernd, CM
Mitchell, WA
Geraldi, NR
AF Bacheler, Nathan M.
Schobernd, Zeb H.
Berrane, David J.
Schobernd, Christina M.
Mitchell, Warren A.
Geraldi, Nathan R.
TI When a trap is not a trap: converging entry and exit rates and their
effect on trap saturation of black sea bass (Centropristis striata)
SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE chevron trap; index of abundance; reef fish; saturate; snapper-grouper
ID SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; HOMARUS-AMERICANUS; SOAK-TIME; CAPTURE
PROCESSES; STOCK ASSESSMENT; FISH TRAPS; LOBSTER; REEF; CRAB;
CATCHABILITY
AB Catch rates are often used to index the abundance of marine organisms, but catch saturation (i.e. declining catch rate as fishing time increases) can decouple catch and abundance. Researchers have struggled to account for saturation when using trap catch to infer population dynamics. We used the underwater video to document entries and exits of black sea bass (Centropristis striata) from chevron traps (n = 26) to quantify catch saturation. Black sea bass catch varied between 3 and 188 individuals for soak times of similar to 90 min. Overall, 3564 black sea bass entered the traps and 1826 exited; therefore, over half (51%) of black sea bass entering traps exited before traps were retrieved. Black sea bass catch rates were non-linear and asymptotic for most (81%) trap samples, despite short soak times. Moreover, catch saturation occurred at 50 min, when the entry rate declined and the exit rate increased to a point where their confidence intervals overlapped. Several lines of evidence suggest that the level of black sea bass catch once saturation occurred may be positively related to true abundance, but additional research is needed to more fully test this hypothesis.
C1 [Bacheler, Nathan M.; Schobernd, Zeb H.; Berrane, David J.; Schobernd, Christina M.; Mitchell, Warren A.; Geraldi, Nathan R.] NOAA, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
RP Bacheler, NM (reprint author), NOAA, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, 101 Pivers Isl Rd, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
EM nate.bacheler@noaa.gov
NR 44
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 4
U2 21
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1054-3139
J9 ICES J MAR SCI
JI ICES J. Mar. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 4
BP 873
EP 882
DI 10.1093/icesjms/fst062
PG 10
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 173CZ
UT WOS:000321057000016
ER
PT J
AU Reddin, DG
Hansen, LP
Bakkestuen, V
Russell, I
White, J
Potter, ECE
Dempson, JB
Sheehan, TF
Maoileidigh, NO
Smith, GW
Isaksson, A
Jacobsen, JA
Fowler, M
Mork, KA
Amiro, P
AF Reddin, David G.
Hansen, Lars Petter
Bakkestuen, Vegar
Russell, Ian
White, Jonathan
Potter, E. C. E. (Ted)
Dempson, J. Brian
Sheehan, Timothy F.
Maoileidigh, Niall O.
Smith, Gordon W.
Isaksson, Arni
Jacobsen, Jan Arge
Fowler, Mark
Mork, Kjell Arne
Amiro, Peter
TI Distribution and biological characteristics of Atlantic salmon (Salmo
salar) at Greenland based on the analysis of historical tag recoveries
(vol 69, pg 1589, 2013)
SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Correction
AB Reddin, D. G., Hansen, L. P., Bakkestuen, V., Russell, I., White, J., Potter, E. C. E., Dempson, J. B., Sheehan, T. F., O Maoilidigh, N., Smith, G. W., Isaksson, A., Jacobsen, J. A., Fowler, M., Mork, K. A., and Amiro, P. 2013. Distribution and biological characteristics of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) at Greenland based on the analysis of historical tag recoveries. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69: 1589-1597.
C1 [Reddin, David G.; Dempson, J. Brian] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, St John, NF A1C 5X1, Canada.
[Hansen, Lars Petter; Bakkestuen, Vegar] NINA, N-0349 Oslo, Norway.
[Bakkestuen, Vegar] Univ Oslo, Nat Hist Museum, N-0318 Oslo, Norway.
[Russell, Ian; Potter, E. C. E. (Ted)] Cefas, Lowestoft NR33 0HT, Suffolk, England.
[White, Jonathan; Maoileidigh, Niall O.] Inst Marine, Fisheries Sci Serv, Oranmore, Galway, Ireland.
[Sheehan, Timothy F.] NOAA Fisheries Serv, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Isaksson, Arni] Directorate Fisheries, IS-112 Reykjavik, Iceland.
[Jacobsen, Jan Arge] Faroe Marine Res Inst, FO-110 Torrshavn, Faroe Islands, Denmark.
[Fowler, Mark] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Bedford Inst Oceanog, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada.
[Mork, Kjell Arne] Inst Marine Res, N-5024 Bergen, Norway.
RP Reddin, DG (reprint author), Fisheries & Oceans Canada, POB 5667, St John, NF A1C 5X1, Canada.
EM reddindg@hotmail.com
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 17
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1054-3139
J9 ICES J MAR SCI
JI ICES J. Mar. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 70
IS 4
BP 914
EP 914
DI 10.1093/icesjms/fst069
PG 1
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 173CZ
UT WOS:000321057000021
ER
PT J
AU Williams, DF
Corson, P
Sharma, J
Krishnaswamy, H
Tai, W
George, Z
Ricketts, D
Watson, P
Dacquay, E
Voinigescu, SP
AF Williams, Dylan F.
Corson, Phillip
Sharma, Jahnavi
Krishnaswamy, Harish
Tai, Wei
George, Zacharias
Ricketts, David
Watson, Paul
Dacquay, Eric
Voinigescu, Sorin P.
TI Calibration-Kit Design for Millimeter-Wave Silicon Integrated Circuits
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES
LA English
DT Article
DE Calibration; measurement; millimeter wave; scattering parameters;
silicon; transistor; uncertainty; vector network analyzer
ID NETWORK-ANALYZER CALIBRATION; ALGORITHM
AB We study and present design guidelines for thru-reflect-line vector-network-analyzer calibration kits used for characterizing circuits and transistors fabricated on silicon integrated circuits at millimeter-wave frequencies. We compare contact-pad designs and develop fixed-fill contacts that achieve both repeatable and low contact-pad capacitances. We develop a fill-free and mesh-free transmission line structure for the calibration kit and compare it to similar transmission lines with meshed ground plane. We also develop a gold plating process that greatly improves contact repeatability, permitting the use of redundant multiline calibrations. This in turn simplifies the development of an error analysis. Finally, we apply the technique to state-of-the-art transistor characterization, and present measured results with uncertainties.
C1 [Williams, Dylan F.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Corson, Phillip] IBM Semicond Res & Dev Ctr, Essex Jct, VT 05452 USA.
[Sharma, Jahnavi; Krishnaswamy, Harish] Columbia Univ, Dept Elect Engn, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Tai, Wei; George, Zacharias; Ricketts, David] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Watson, Paul] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[Dacquay, Eric; Voinigescu, Sorin P.] Univ Toronto, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Toronto, ON M5S 3G4, Canada.
RP Williams, DF (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM dylan@boulder.nist.gov
FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA)
FX This work was supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
(DARPA) under the ELASTx Program.
NR 23
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 4
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9480
J9 IEEE T MICROW THEORY
JI IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 61
IS 7
BP 2685
EP 2694
DI 10.1109/TMTT.2013.2265685
PG 10
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 175GG
UT WOS:000321218300017
ER
PT J
AU Hu, ZZ
Kumar, A
Huang, BH
Zhu, JS
AF Hu, Zeng-Zhen
Kumar, Arun
Huang, Bohua
Zhu, Jieshun
TI Leading Modes of the Upper-Ocean Temperature Interannual Variability
along the Equatorial Atlantic Ocean in NCEP GODAS
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
DE Atmosphere-ocean interaction; Ocean dynamics; Sea surface temperature;
Climate variability; Tropical variability
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; NINO
SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; TROPICAL ATLANTIC; EL-NINO; CLIMATE VARIABILITY;
RECHARGE PARADIGM; NORTH-ATLANTIC; WIND STRESS; PACIFIC
AB In this work, the authors analyze the physical mechanisms of interannual variability of the upper-ocean temperature anomaly (OTA) in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean, using ocean reanalysis from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Global Ocean Data Assimilation System. The variability of equatorial Atlantic OTA is dominated by two leading modes. The first mode is characterized by same-sign variation along the thermocline with pronounced amplitude in the central and eastern equatorial Atlantic. This mode represents the modulation of the overall thermocline depth at the equator generated by net heat convergence in the equatorial ocean, with heat content first accumulated mainly in the off-equatorial northwestern Atlantic in response to anomalous wind curl associated with Atlantic meridional mode.The second leading mode shows an opposite variation between the western and eastern Atlantic. This mode is mainly driven by the zonal wind stress fluctuation confined in the southwestern tropical and equatorial Atlantic and reflects the equatorial balanced response between the zonal slope of the equatorial thermocline depth and the atmospheric zonal wind variations with pronounced surface wind and ocean anomalies in the southwestern and equatorial ocean. The different characteristics of these two modes suggest that they may occur independently. In fact, evolution of the two leading modes is approximately in quadrature, and they may also occur in sequence on interannual time scales. The two leading mode-associated air-sea interaction processes suggest that the Atlantic meridional mode and zonal mode are statistically and physically connected in their evolution.
C1 [Hu, Zeng-Zhen; Kumar, Arun] NOAA NWS NCEP, Climate Predict Ctr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Huang, Bohua] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Earth Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Huang, Bohua; Zhu, Jieshun] Ctr Ocean Land Atmosphere Studies, Calverton, MD USA.
RP Hu, ZZ (reprint author), NOAA NWS NCEP, Climate Predict Ctr, 5830 Univ Res Court, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM zeng-zhen.hu@noaa.gov
RI Hu, Zeng-Zhen/B-4373-2011;
OI Hu, Zeng-Zhen/0000-0002-8485-3400; Zhu, Jieshun/0000-0002-1508-9808
FU COLA omnibus grant from NSF [ATM-0830068]; NOAA [NA09OAR4310058]; NASA
[NNX09AN50G]
FX We appreciate the constructive suggestions from reviewers and the editor
(Dr. Eric Maloney), as well as Drs. Caihong Wen and Hui Wang. We thank
the TAO Project Office of NOAA/PMEL for supplying the PIRATA data. B.
Huang and J. Zhu are supported by the COLA omnibus grant from NSF
(ATM-0830068), NOAA (NA09OAR4310058), and NASA (NNX09AN50G).
NR 58
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 13
BP 4649
EP 4663
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00629.1
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 175UL
UT WOS:000321259000016
ER
PT J
AU Li, Y
Lau, NC
AF Li, Ying
Lau, Ngar-Cheung
TI Influences of ENSO on Stratospheric Variability, and the Descent of
Stratospheric Perturbations into the Lower Troposphere
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
DE Annular mode; ENSO; Rossby waves; Stratospheric circulation;
Stratophere-troposphere coupling; General circulation models
ID QUASI-BIENNIAL OSCILLATION; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURES;
NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE; EL-NINO; SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; SUDDEN WARMINGS;
CLIMATE VARIABILITY; ARCTIC OSCILLATION; WEATHER REGIMES; MAECHAM5 MODEL
AB The linkage between El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) through the stratospheric pathway is examined using a global coupled climate model [GFDL Climate Model version 3 (CM3)], with increased vertical resolution and extent in the stratosphere as compared to an earlier model [GFDL Climate Model version 2 (CM2)]. It is demonstrated that the relationship between ENSO and NAO is stronger in CM3 than in CM2.It is found that ENSO plays an important role in modulating the frequency of occurrence of the stratospheric polar vortex anomalies through enhancement/attenuation of the amplitudes of zonal wavenumbers 1 and 2, especially in late winter. A higher frequency of weak (strong) stratospheric vortex events is simulated in CM3 during El Nino (La Nina) episodes.The weak vortex events during El Nino winters are preceded by enhancement of the zonal wave-1 pattern and weakening of zonal wave-2 pattern. These modified tropospheric planetary waves propagate upward and then weaken the stratospheric polar vortex through eddy-mean flow interaction. The zonal-mean geopotential response in the stratosphere propagates downward and weakens the polar vortex throughout the troposphere.The effects of planetary wave refraction in the upper troposphere on the zonally averaged circulation cells in the tropospheric meridional plane, and the linkage between the lower branches of these cells and the near-surface wind patterns, play an important role in the flow pattern over the region corresponding to the southern lobe of the NAO. Specifically, a negative annular mode and NAO response is discernible in weak stratospheric vortex events during El Nino. Conversely, the positive annular mode and NAO is evident in strong vortex events during La Nina.
C1 [Li, Ying] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
[Lau, Ngar-Cheung] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
RP Li, Y (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, 3915 W Laporte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
EM yingli@atmos.colostate.edu
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of
Commerce [NA08OAR4320752]
FX We thank Isaac Held, Dave Thompson, Dennis Hartmann, Lorenzo Polvani,
Tiffany Shaw, and Chaim Garfinkel for helpful comments and discussions
during the preparation of this manuscript. We would also like to thank
the three anonymous referees for their thorough reviews and insightful
comments, which have led to considerable improvements in this work. This
report was prepared by YL under Award NA08OAR4320752 from the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce.
NR 75
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 27
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 26
IS 13
BP 4725
EP 4748
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00581.1
PG 24
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 175UL
UT WOS:000321259000020
ER
PT J
AU Miller, AS
Cadrin, SX
Stevens, BG
AF Miller, Alicia S.
Cadrin, Steven X.
Stevens, Bradley G.
TI EFFECTS OF EPIZOOTIC SHELL DISEASE ON EGG QUALITY OF THE AMERICAN
LOBSTER
SO JOURNAL OF CRUSTACEAN BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE American lobster; embryonic development; epizootic shell disease;
Homarus americanus
ID HOMARUS-AMERICANUS; EMBRYONIC-DEVELOPMENT; LARVAL DEVELOPMENT;
MILNE-EDWARDS; MELANOGRAMMUS-AEGLEFINUS; MARINE-INVERTEBRATES; OVIGEROUS
LOBSTERS; EASTERN CANADA; RHODE-ISLAND; GRAND-MANAN
AB Epizootic shell disease (ESD) of the American lobster, Homarus americanus Milne Edwards, 1837, is of increasing concern, particularly in the southern New England fishery where prevalence is highest. Egg-bearing female lobsters are more susceptible to the disease because many of them molt less frequently when carrying eggs. This study examines the effect of the disease on late-stage embryos through measures of egg quality. Egg samples were taken from ninety lobsters with varying levels of ESD in lower Buzzards Bay and Vineyard Sound off the coast of Massachusetts, USA. Egg quality was measured with biomass (egg area and dry weight) and biochemical (total carbon and total nitrogen) components. Each response variable was estimated using linear mixed-effects models that included potential covariates as measures of maternal adult lobster size and embryonic development. The effect of disease was significant for all of the response variables, indicating that the presence of the disease correlates with individual egg quality. Counterintuitively, results showed that as disease severity increased, measures of egg quality also increased. Trends showed that light cases of ESD produced similar responses to lobsters with no disease present. Moderate and severe levels of the disease also produced similar results. This could suggest that heavily diseased lobsters are exhibiting energetic trade-offs, investing more energy into reproduction. It is also possible that this trend is the result of other combined effects corresponding to lobster molt cycles, spawning timing, and environmental conditions that also result in the presence of ESD. Effects of the disease on early life history processes could be important considerations for future research on ESD and its effect on the lobster population.
C1 [Miller, Alicia S.; Stevens, Bradley G.] Univ Massachusetts Dartmouth, Sch Marine Sci & Technol, New Bedford, MA 02744 USA.
[Cadrin, Steven X.] Univ Massachusetts Dartmouth, Sch Marine Sci & Technol, Fairhaven, MA USA.
RP Miller, AS (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM Alicia.Miller@noaa.gov
FU Massachusetts Marine Fisheries Institute; Massachusetts Fisheries
Recovery Commission; NOAA [NAO5NMF4721132, NA06NMF4720096,
NA08NMF4720553]
FX We would like to thank Bob Glenn for his helpful discussions on the
development of this project along with his support staff, Derek Perry
and Steve Wilcox, who assisted in coordinating trips for sample
collection. Many thanks to the captain and crew of the F/V Andrea C for
their support in our sample collection. We also thank Chris Reddy and
Sean Sylva for their help with the biochemical workup of the samples and
Steve Correia and Timothy Miller for their analytical assistance. Final
thanks to Rich McBride, Jonathan Hare and Jessica Melgey for their
helpful comments on an early draft. This work was generously funded by
the Massachusetts Marine Fisheries Institute and the Massachusetts
Fisheries Recovery Commission. Partial support was also funded by NOAA
awards NAO5NMF4721132, NA06NMF4720096 and NA08NMF4720553.
NR 78
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 52
PU CRUSTACEAN SOC
PI SAN ANTONIO
PA 840 EAST MULBERRY, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78212 USA
SN 0278-0372
EI 1937-240X
J9 J CRUSTACEAN BIOL
JI J. Crustac. Biol.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 33
IS 4
BP 461
EP 469
DI 10.1163/1937240X-00002166
PG 9
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 174OP
UT WOS:000321165600002
ER
PT J
AU Swiney, KM
Eckert, GL
Kruse, GH
AF Swiney, Katherine M.
Eckert, Ginny L.
Kruse, Gordon H.
TI DOES MATERNAL SIZE AFFECT RED KING CRAB, PARALITHODES CAMTSCHATICUS,
EMBRYO AND LARVAL QUALITY?
SO JOURNAL OF CRUSTACEAN BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Alaska; Bristol Bay; embryo quality; larval quality; maternal size
effects; Paralithodes camtschaticus; red king crab
ID PROXIMATE BIOCHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; STOCK-RECRUITMENT RELATIONSHIPS;
LOBSTER HOMARUS-AMERICANUS; DECAPOD CRUSTACEAN LARVAE; EARLY
LIFE-HISTORY; EGG SIZE; FEMALE SIZE; CHASMAGNATHUS-GRANULATA;
CHIONOECETES-OPILIO; CANCER-SETOSUS
AB Stock assessment of Alaskan red king crab, Paralithodes camtschaticus (Tilesius, 1815), can be improved by incorporating reproductive output, which requires an understanding of maternal size effects on embryo and larval quality. In June 2009 and 2010, we collected clutches of recently extruded red king crab embryos in Bristol Bay, Alaska, to assess embryo quality based on dry weight, carbon and nitrogen content. To assess larval quality, we collected ovigerous females from Bristol Bay in 2007 and reared them in the laboratory until larval hatching in 2008. Larval quality based on dry weight, carbon and nitrogen content, and times to 50% mortality under starvation conditions were assessed. All samples were collected in years that were colder than the 15-year average in the eastern Bering Sea. Among the measures of embryo quality, only nitrogen content was significantly different, increasing with maternal size. Carbon and nitrogen content were significantly higher for embryos in 2009 than in 2010, suggesting inter-annual differences in maternal investment. No effect of maternal size with larval quality was found. Our results indicate that maternal size does not have a biologically significant effect on embryo and larval quality in colder-than-average years, and therefore maternal size effects on embryo and larval quality does not need to be explicitly incorporated into reproductive output estimates in stock assessments under these conditions. We are, however, cautious to extrapolate our results to years with different environmental conditions. Further study is needed to fully resolve the possible interaction of environment with maternal size effects on embryo and larval quality for red king crab.
C1 [Swiney, Katherine M.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Kodiak Lab, Kodiak, AK 99615 USA.
[Eckert, Ginny L.; Kruse, Gordon H.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Juneau Ctr, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
RP Swiney, KM (reprint author), Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Kodiak Lab, 301 Res Court, Kodiak, AK 99615 USA.
EM Katherine.Swiney@noaa.gov
OI Swiney, Katherine/0000-0001-5482-2710
FU North Pacific Research Board (NPRB) [416]; NMFS; Alaska Department of
Fish and Game (ADFG)
FX This project is funded by the North Pacific Research Board (NPRB
publication number 416), NMFS, and the Alaska Department of Fish and
Game (ADFG). We thank NMFS biologists on the trawl surveys, ADFG
Shellfish Observer Program personnel, and laboratory technicians for
their assistance that made this project possible. The findings and
conclusions in the paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily
represent the views of the National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA.
Reference to trade names does not imply endorsement by the National
Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA.
NR 80
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 20
PU CRUSTACEAN SOC
PI SAN ANTONIO
PA 840 EAST MULBERRY, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78212 USA
SN 0278-0372
J9 J CRUSTACEAN BIOL
JI J. Crustac. Biol.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 33
IS 4
BP 470
EP 480
DI 10.1163/1937240X-00002162
PG 11
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 174OP
UT WOS:000321165600003
ER
PT J
AU Martin, J
AF Martin, Joshua
TI Error Modeling of Seebeck Coefficient Measurements Using Finite-Element
Analysis
SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Seebeck coefficient; metrology; finite-element analysis; thermoelectric
ID THERMOELECTRIC-MATERIALS
AB Using finite-element analysis, we have developed a metrology simulation to model errors in the measurement of the Seebeck coefficient. This physical parameter is the constant of proportionality relating the electric potential generated across a conductor to the applied thermal gradient. Its measurement requires careful attention to the electrical and thermal contact interfaces. Furthermore, it is essential that the electric potential and temperature difference be acquired at the same time and at the same location. We have performed Seebeck coefficient measurement simulations to quantitatively explore the effect of temporal perturbation to the voltage and temperature correspondence, by comparing simultaneous and staggered data acquisition techniques under the quasi-steady-state condition. Using a similar method, we have developed an error model to explore the effect of misalignment between the voltage and temperature probes on the measurement of the Seebeck coefficient. This approach enables the exploration of experimentally inaccessible data spaces under ideal conditions.
C1 NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Martin, J (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM joshua.martin@nist.gov
NR 21
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 8
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0361-5235
J9 J ELECTRON MATER
JI J. Electron. Mater.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 42
IS 7
BP 1358
EP 1364
DI 10.1007/s11664-012-2212-5
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics
GA 170YJ
UT WOS:000320890800012
ER
PT J
AU Weinstock, J
AF Weinstock, Jerome
TI Analytical theory of homogeneous mean shear turbulence
SO JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
LA English
DT Article
DE homogeneous turbulence; Navier-Stokes equations; turbulence theory
ID HIGH REYNOLDS-NUMBER; ISOTROPIC TURBULENCE; EDDY VISCOSITY; FLOW;
APPROXIMATION; DISSIPATION; EVOLUTION; SIMILARITY; SPECTRUM; RANGE
AB A compact nonlinear expression for the velocity spectra of homogeneous mean shear flow is derived by means of a simplified two-point closure. It applies to all scales and times. The derived equation can be viewed as a nonlinear extension of the linear, rapid-distortion-theory (RDT) equation. The principal simplification is to model the nonlinear pressure strain rate as first-order in the spectral anisotropy: a spectral Rotta-equation. This simplified equation and its solution are expressed in terms of the RDT solution. That solution helps reveal the role of nonlinearity. An equation for the velocity spectrum is then obtained at all scales and times. A dominant characteristic predicted for nonlinear behaviour is that the turbulence energy grows exponentially with time, with the spectrum simultaneously moving to smaller and smaller wavenumbers. The nonlinear growth rate is determined Other analytical predictions of the derived equation include: the conditions for self-similarity; local isotropy; various properties of mean shear flow, including characteristic energy, length and temporal growth scales; and a critique of perturbation theory. Comparisons are made with laboratory experiments and direct numerical simulations. Although the theory applies to all scales and times, including an exact expression for RDT, the calculations are focused on nonlinear behaviour at large times. Several approximations used in this work are examined.
C1 [Weinstock, Jerome] NOAA, Earth Sci Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Weinstock, Jerome] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Weinstock, J (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Sci Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
EM jeromeweinstock@comcast.net
NR 47
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 17
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0022-1120
J9 J FLUID MECH
JI J. Fluid Mech.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 727
BP 256
EP 281
DI 10.1017/jfm.2013.13
PG 26
WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Mechanics; Physics
GA 180EP
UT WOS:000321576600013
ER
PT J
AU Slattery, O
Ma, LJ
Kuo, P
Kim, YS
Tang, X
AF Slattery, Oliver
Ma, Lijun
Kuo, Paulina
Kim, Yong-Su
Tang, Xiao
TI Frequency correlated biphoton spectroscopy using tunable upconversion
detector
SO LASER PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SPECTRAL MEASUREMENT; WAVE-GUIDE; PHOTONS
AB We demonstrate a scheme for frequency correlated biphoton spectroscopy using a strongly non-degenerate downconversion source and a tunable upconversion detector. In this scheme, the spectral function at one wavelength range of a remote object can be reproduced by locally measuring another wavelength range using an upconversion detector and monitoring the coincidence counts. The spectral resolution of the system is better than 0.1 nm, corresponding to the acceptance width of the upconversion detector, while the measurement range is determined by the linewidth of the source.
C1 [Slattery, Oliver; Ma, Lijun; Kuo, Paulina; Kim, Yong-Su; Tang, Xiao] NIST, Informat Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Slattery, O (reprint author), NIST, Informat Technol Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM xiao.tang@nist.gov
NR 11
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 12
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1612-2011
EI 1612-202X
J9 LASER PHYS LETT
JI Laser Phys. Lett.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 10
IS 7
AR 075201
DI 10.1088/1612-2011/10/7/075201
PG 5
WC Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Optics; Physics
GA 166NF
UT WOS:000320561000018
ER
PT J
AU Hutt, CP
Hunt, KM
Anderson, DK
AF Hutt, Clifford Patton
Hunt, Kevin M.
Anderson, David K.
TI Measurement of Angler Catch-Related Attitudes: An Assessment of Model
Structure and Metric Invariance
SO LEISURE SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE catch-related attitudes; confirmatory factor analysis; invariance tests;
recreational fishing
ID SPECIALIZATION; PARTICIPATION; PERSPECTIVE
AB Catch-related attitudes (CRA) are of particular interest to researchers studying the behavior of recreational anglers. This study assessed factorial structure and invariance of two measurement models of CRA using data from a statewide survey of licensed Texas anglers and a follow-up survey of catfish anglers. We determined that a 4-construct model of CRA provided better fit to the data than a 3-construct model, and was configural and metric invariant across gender, ethnic, and angling context groups. While further scale refinement is needed, our results indicate the current model provides unbiased measurement of CRA across a variety of groups and contexts.
C1 [Hutt, Clifford Patton; Hunt, Kevin M.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
RP Hutt, CP (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, 1315 East West Hwy, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM cliffordhutt@gmail.com
NR 38
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 6
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-0400
J9 LEISURE SCI
JI Leis. Sci.
PD JUL 1
PY 2013
VL 35
IS 4
BP 382
EP 398
DI 10.1080/01490400.2013.797716
PG 17
WC Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism; Sociology
SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Sociology
GA 175NQ
UT WOS:000321237800006
ER
PT J
AU Moore, JE
AF Moore, Jeffrey E.
TI Management reference points to account for direct and indirect impacts
of fishing on marine mammals
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE bycatch; carrying capacity; ecosystem approach; potential biological
removal; numerical response; prey depletion; reference points; stock
assessment
ID NUMERICAL RESPONSES; POPULATION-DENSITY; DECIDUOUS FOREST;
NATIONAL-PARK; PANTHERA-LEO; PREY; PREDATION; DYNAMICS; WOLVES; POLAND
AB Reference points can help implement an ecosystem approach to fisheries management (EAF), by establishing precautionary removal limits for nontarget species and target species of ecological importance. PBR (Potential Biological Removal), developed under the U.S. Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA), is a limit for direct mortality for marine mammals, but it does not account for indirect effects of fishing due to prey depletion. I propose a generalization of PBR (called PBR*) to account for plausible changes in marine mammal carrying capacity (K) from prey biomass decline relative to two example benchmarks: SSBMSY (maximum sustainable yield biomass for all known prey species) or SSBK (unfished prey biomass). PBR* can help identify when indirect fishing effects (alone, or combination with direct mortality estimates) may stymie MMPA objectives, and could inform catch limit estimates for target species that are also important as marine mammal prey. As a case study, I applied PBR* estimates to evaluate the possible combined direct + indirect effects of fishing on cetaceans in northeastern U.S. waters. Estimated distributions for K were based on fish stock assessments and meta-analysis of predator-prey relationships from the mammalian literature. Based on this analysis, increased risk of marine mammal depletion due to indirect fishing effects was not evident, although this result must be interpreted cautiously given our limited understanding of cetacean diets and marine trophic dynamics. This study is intended to illustrate a possible practical approach for incorporating indirect fisheries impacts on marine mammals into a comprehensive management framework, and it raises several scientific and policy issues that merit further investigation.
C1 [Moore, Jeffrey E.] Duke Univ, Marine Lab, Nicholas Sch Environm, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
[Moore, Jeffrey E.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Protected Resources Div, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Moore, JE (reprint author), Duke Univ, Marine Lab, Nicholas Sch Environm, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
EM jeff.e.moore@noaa.gov
FU United States Marine Mammal Commission
FX I thank A. Read, J. Barlow, B. Taylor, R. Merrick, T. Gerrodette, D.
Laist, A. MacCall, D. DeMaster, and anonymous reviewers for their
comments to improve the original manuscript. Funding for this project
was provided by the United States Marine Mammal Commission. Any
opinions, findings or conclusions expressed in this publication are
those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views and
policies of the Marine Mammal Commission.
NR 31
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 4
U2 43
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0824-0469
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 3
BP 446
EP 473
DI 10.1111/j.1748-7692.2012.00586.x
PG 28
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 179CP
UT WOS:000321496100013
ER
PT J
AU Pierszalowski, SP
Ferrari, M
Glockner-Ferrari, D
Mizroch, S
Clapham, PJ
Dickerson, BR
AF Pierszalowski, S. P.
Ferrari, M.
Glockner-Ferrari, D.
Mizroch, S.
Clapham, P. J.
Dickerson, B. R.
TI Investigating the feasibility of using DNA from sloughed skin for
individual identification and kinship analysis in humpback whales
(Megaptera novaeangliae)
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID EASTERN NORTH PACIFIC; MICROSATELLITE LOCI; MOLECULAR ANALYSIS;
POPULATION-STRUCTURE; KILLER WHALES; SOFTWARE; GENETICS; SAMPLES
C1 [Pierszalowski, S. P.; Mizroch, S.; Clapham, P. J.; Dickerson, B. R.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Ferrari, M.; Glockner-Ferrari, D.] Ctr Whale Studies, Maui, HI 96767 USA.
RP Pierszalowski, SP (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM soph.penny@gmail.com
RI Mizroch, Sally/M-6084-2016
OI Mizroch, Sally/0000-0002-1736-5909
NR 24
TC 0
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 17
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0824-0469
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 3
BP 533
EP 541
DI 10.1111/j.1748-7692.2012.00580.x
PG 9
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 179CP
UT WOS:000321496100017
ER
PT J
AU Cholewiak, DM
Sousa-Lima, RS
Cerchio, S
AF Cholewiak, Danielle M.
Sousa-Lima, Renata S.
Cerchio, Salvatore
TI Humpback whale song hierarchical structure: Historical context and
discussion of current classification issues
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE humpback whale; Megaptera novaeangliae; song structure; song
classification; eventual variety; avian song
ID WREN THRYOTHORUS-PLEUROSTICTUS; MEGAPTERA-NOVAEANGLIAE; SEQUENTIAL
ORGANIZATION; SPARROWS; HAWAIIAN; SIGNAL; SCALE; OCEAN
AB Consistent and well-defined criteria for the classification and measurement of humpback whale song features are essential for robust comparisons between investigators. Song structure terminology has been well-established and used by many authors, though at times inconsistently. This review discusses the development of the nomenclature describing humpback song and explores the potential significance of the often-overlooked variation in song patterns. Within the hierarchical definition of humpback song, the most problematic issues arise from the inconsistent delineation of phrase types, and the use of the metric of song duration without regards to variability in thematic sequence. With regards to the former, a set of guidelines is suggested to facilitate consistent delineation of phrases. With regards to the latter, current research demonstrates that the song duration metric has resulted in the disregard of variability at this level, which is more widespread than traditionally reported. An exemplar case is used to highlight the problem inherent in defining and measuring song duration. Humpback song is evaluated within the framework of avian songbird research, and a shift in analysis paradigm is recommended, towards phrase-based analyses in which sequences of phrases are treated as a salient feature of song pattern.
C1 [Cholewiak, Danielle M.] Cornell Univ, Dept Neurobiol & Behav, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA.
[Cholewiak, Danielle M.; Sousa-Lima, Renata S.] Cornell Univ, Bioacoust Res Program, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA.
[Sousa-Lima, Renata S.] Cornell Univ, Field Zool, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA.
[Sousa-Lima, Renata S.] Inst Baleia Jubarte, BR-45900 Caravelas, BA, Brazil.
[Cerchio, Salvatore] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Global Conservat, Ocean Giants Program, Bronx, NY 10460 USA.
RP Cholewiak, DM (reprint author), NOAA, NMFS, Protected Species Branch, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM danielle.cholewiak@noaa.gov
RI Sousa-Lima, Renata/O-7550-2015
OI Sousa-Lima, Renata/0000-0002-2638-1695
FU EPA STAR fellowship; Brazilian Government [CAPES BEX 1523-01-5]; Society
for Marine Mammalogy; Animal Behavior Society's Cetacean Behavior and
Conservation Award; Petroleo Brasileiro S.A.; Canon National Parks
Science Scholars Program
FX The authors would like to thank Christopher Clark and Sandra Vehrencamp
for their mentorship and many fruitful discussions that contributed to
ideas captured in this manuscript. We would also like to sincerely
acknowledge the many staff of the Bioacoustics Research Program; without
their help, much of the work highlighted in this paper would not have
been possible. Many of the initial ideas also evolved through the
influences of Robert Payne and Donald Kroodsma. For assistance in the
field off the Brazilian coast, we thank the Brazilian Navy, Instituto
Baleia Jubarte, the assitants Alexandre Paro, Marcia Freitas Araujo,
Lucas Goulart Collares, and Bruna Mazoni Guerra, the boat captains
Roberto Caconia Fortes and Carlo D'Angelo, and the crews of the boats
Tomara, Coronado and Piloto. For assistance in the field and laboratory
related to data collected off Isla Socorro, Mexico, we thank Sergio
Martinez Aguilar, Hiram Rosales Nanduca, Sandra Smith Aguilar, Carlos
Lopez Montalvo, Gloria Panecatl, Tom Turowski, Joe Kaplan, Melissa
Crawford, Jenny Gerding, Axa Brambila Villasenor, and Risa Kohara. The
authors would also like to extend a special thanks to Jeff Jacobsen,
Jorge Urban-Ramirez and to the Armada de Mexico for making the work at
Isla Socorro possible. Sandra Smith Aguilar, Stephen Morreale, Milo
Richmond and John Hermanson provided helpful comments on early versions
of this manuscript. We also thank three anonymous reviewers for their
helpful comments on this manuscript. Funding and support were provided
by the EPA STAR fellowship (funding provided to DMC), Brazilian
Government (CAPES BEX 1523-01-5 scholarship to RSSL), the Society for
Marine Mammalogy's Grant-in-Aid of Research, the Animal Behavior
Society's Cetacean Behavior and Conservation Award (to both DMC and
RSSL); Petroleo Brasileiro S.A., and The Canon National Parks Science
Scholars Program.
NR 75
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 9
U2 45
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0824-0469
EI 1748-7692
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 3
BP E312
EP E332
DI 10.1111/mms.12005
PG 21
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 179CP
UT WOS:000321496100007
ER
PT J
AU Truong, GW
Douglass, KO
Maxwell, SE
van Zee, RD
Plusquellic, DF
Hodges, JT
Long, DA
AF Truong, G. -W.
Douglass, K. O.
Maxwell, S. E.
van Zee, R. D.
Plusquellic, D. F.
Hodges, J. T.
Long, D. A.
TI Frequency-agile, rapid scanning spectroscopy
SO NATURE PHOTONICS
LA English
DT Article
ID CAVITY RINGDOWN SPECTROSCOPY; MODE-BY-MODE; DOWN SPECTROSCOPY; BREATH
ANALYSIS; LASER; ABSORPTION; SPECTROMETER; NOISE
AB Challenging applications in trace gas measurements require low uncertainty and high acquisition rates(1-4). Many cavityenhanced spectroscopies exhibit significant sensitivity and potential(5,6), but their scanning rates are limited by reliance on either mechanical or thermal frequency tuning(7). Here, we present frequency-agile, rapid scanning spectroscopy (FARS) in which a high-bandwidth electro-optic modulator steps a selected laser sideband to successive optical cavity modes. This approach involves no mechanical motion and allows for a scanning rate of 8 kHz per cavity mode, a rate that is limited only by the cavity response time itself. Unlike rapidly frequency-swept techniques(8-11), FARS does not reduce the measurement duty cycle, degrade the spectrum's frequency axis or require an unusual cavity configuration. FARS allows for a sensitivity of similar to 2 x 10(-12) cm(-1) Hz(-1/2) and a tuning range exceeding 70 GHz. This technique shows promise for fast and sensitive trace gas measurements and studies of chemical kinetics.
C1 [Truong, G. -W.; Douglass, K. O.; Maxwell, S. E.; van Zee, R. D.; Plusquellic, D. F.; Hodges, J. T.; Long, D. A.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Truong, G. -W.] Univ Western Australia, Sch Phys, Frequency Stand & Metrol Res Grp, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
RP Truong, GW (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM david.plusquellic@nist.gov; david.long@nist.gov
FU NIST Greenhouse Gas Measurements and Climate Research Program; NIST by
an Australian Fulbright Fellowship
FX Support for this research was provided by the NIST Greenhouse Gas
Measurements and Climate Research Program. G-W. Truong was supported at
NIST by an Australian Fulbright Fellowship.
NR 23
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 3
U2 46
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1749-4885
J9 NAT PHOTONICS
JI Nat. Photonics
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 7
IS 7
BP 532
EP 534
DI 10.1038/NPHOTON.2013.98
PG 3
WC Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Optics; Physics
GA 172GR
UT WOS:000320988900012
ER
PT J
AU Venerus, LA
Ciancio, JE
Riva-Rossi, C
Gilbert-Horvath, EA
Gosztonyi, AE
Garza, JC
AF Venerus, Leonardo A.
Ciancio, Javier E.
Riva-Rossi, Carla
Gilbert-Horvath, Elizabeth A.
Gosztonyi, Atila E.
Garza, John Carlos
TI Genetic structure and different color morphotypes suggest the occurrence
and bathymetric segregation of two incipient species of Sebastes off
Argentina
SO NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN
LA English
DT Article
DE Sebastidae; Phylogeography; Rocky reef fish; Incomplete reproductive
isolation; Incipient speciation; Morphotypes
ID MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA SEQUENCES; REDFISH GENUS SEBASTES;
POPULATION-STRUCTURE; MARINE FISH; SOUTHERN-HEMISPHERE; INTROGRESSIVE
HYBRIDIZATION; ROCKFISH; SCORPAENIDAE; ATLANTIC; TELEOSTEI
AB Rockfishes of the genus Sebastes are extensively distributed in the Pacific and Atlantic oceans. Although the occurrence of two morphologically similar species in the Southern Hemisphere, Sebastes oculatus and Sebastes capensis, is now clearly established, the taxonomic status and phylogeographic patterns for the genus in the region have not yet been completely resolved. In this study, we provide new insights into the taxonomy and evolutionary relationships of rockfishes inhabiting the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean, off the coast of mainland Argentina, by combining mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region sequences, microsatellite data, and color pattern analyses. Differences in coloration ("dark" and "light" fish) together with bathymetric segregation between color morphotypes were evident from fish collection and literature review. In addition, the mtDNA phylogenetic analysis and Bayesian clustering analysis using microsatellite data separated the fish into two distinct groups (F (ST) = 0.041), most likely representing incipient species. Our results suggest that speciation-by-depth in the absence of physical barriers could be a widespread mechanism of speciation in Sebastes from both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. Nevertheless, the degree of genetic differentiation found, added to the large number of individuals displaying high levels of admixture, points to the occurrence of incomplete reproductive barriers between color morphotypes. Beyond the taxonomic and phylogeographic implications of our findings, the occurrence of distinct groups of Sebastes off the coast of Argentina being targeted by different fisheries (angling and trawling) has consequences for the design and implementation of appropriate fishery regulations to avoid overharvest of either group.
C1 [Venerus, Leonardo A.; Ciancio, Javier E.; Riva-Rossi, Carla; Gosztonyi, Atila E.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient Tecn CENPA CONICET, Ctr Nacl Patagon, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina.
[Gilbert-Horvath, Elizabeth A.; Garza, John Carlos] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Venerus, LA (reprint author), Consejo Nacl Invest Cient Tecn CENPA CONICET, Ctr Nacl Patagon, Blvd Brown 2915 U9120ACD, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina.
EM leo@cenpat.edu.ar
FU ANPCyT [PICT 2006-1468]; CONICET [PIP 2010-2012]; Secretaria de Ciencia,
Tecnologia e Innovacion de la Provincia de Chubut
FX We thank "Gringo" Durbas, M. San Emeterio, D. Galvan, M. Delpiani, C.
Fulvio Perez, P. Useglio, G. Trobbiani, M. Trivellini, L. Rojas, L.
Getino, M. Lopez, L. Villanueva, J. Lancelotti, R. Kosaka, V. Apkenas,
C. Columbus, R. Diaz, and the crew and scientific staff on board R/V
"Puerto Deseado" for their help in the field or in the laboratory and/or
for sample collection. Y. Huenchual, R. Huenchul, and E. Bahamonde
helped us during the monitoring of Fiesta Nacional del Salmon de Mar
(Camarones). N. Basso and M. Iglesias collaborated in mtDNA sequencing.
We greatly appreciate the comments, photographs, and additional data
generously provided by A. Rocha-Olivares, W. Eschmeyer, Y. Kai, J. Hyde,
N. Muto, P. Heemstra, A. Irigoyen, "Lobo" Orensanz, D. Fernandez, N.
Bovcon, G. Piacentino, H. Lopez, P. Toledo, E. Niklitschek, and M.
Ehrlich. E. Crandall, the editor, and three anonymous reviewers made
useful comments on an earlier version of the article. This work was
supported by grants from the ANPCyT (PICT 2006-1468) and CONICET (PIP
2010-2012) (both granted to LAV) and from Secretaria de Ciencia,
Tecnologia e Innovacion de la Provincia de Chubut 2010-2011 (granted to
P. Useglio, UNPSJB). Field work was partially conducted within a World
Natural Heritage Site and authorized by Direccion General de
Conservacion de Areas Protegidas del Chubut.
NR 82
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 14
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0028-1042
EI 1432-1904
J9 NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN
JI Naturwissenschaften
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 100
IS 7
BP 645
EP 658
DI 10.1007/s00114-013-1061-2
PG 14
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 173FN
UT WOS:000321063600005
PM 23728201
ER
PT J
AU Perry, DM
Redman, DH
Mercaldo-Allen, R
Kuropat, CA
Widman, JC
AF Perry, Dean M.
Redman, Dylan H.
Mercaldo-Allen, Renee
Kuropat, Catherine A.
Widman, James C., Jr.
TI Growth of Juvenile Scup Fed Two Commercial Diets
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE
LA English
DT Article
ID PROTEIN; FINGERLINGS
AB Juvenile Scup Stenotomus chrysops 0.35-0.95g were fed two different commercial diets for 9 weeks to determine growth rates. Diets were hand-distributed to four replicate groups of 45 fish, four times a day. Survival among all treatments was high (90.0-92.5%), and both diets supported good growth. After five weeks, Scup fed diet 1 were significantly greater in length and weight than fish fed diet 2. These differences remained significant throughout the rest of the study. Specific growth rate (SGR) values were 5.8%/d for fish fed diet 1 and 5.5%/d for diet 2, while feed conversion ratios (FCR) were 1.22 for diet 1 and 1.25 for diet 2. Relative growth rate (RGR) values were diet 1 = 3,689% and diet 2 = 3,077%, and daily weight gain (DWG) values were diet 1 = 0.38g/d and diet 2 = 0.31g/d. Scup fed diet 1 had significantly greater final live weight, total length, weight gain, SGR, RGR, and DWG measurements than did fish fed diet 2. Juvenile Scup exhibited high growth rates and low feed conversion ratios when fed the two commercial diets, identifying them as a strong candidate species for commercial aquaculture. Received December 19, 2012; accepted March 5, 2013
C1 [Perry, Dean M.; Redman, Dylan H.; Mercaldo-Allen, Renee; Kuropat, Catherine A.; Widman, James C., Jr.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Milford Lab, Milford, CT 06460 USA.
RP Perry, DM (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Milford Lab, 212 Rogers Ave, Milford, CT 06460 USA.
EM dean.perry@noaa.gov
NR 15
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1522-2055
J9 N AM J AQUACULT
JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult.
PD JUL 1
PY 2013
VL 75
IS 3
BP 352
EP 355
DI 10.1080/15222055.2013.786007
PG 4
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 180PV
UT WOS:000321608000003
ER
PT J
AU Lee, CO
Arge, CN
Odstrcil, D
Millward, G
Pizzo, V
Quinn, JM
Henney, CJ
AF Lee, C. O.
Arge, C. N.
Odstrcil, D.
Millward, G.
Pizzo, V.
Quinn, J. M.
Henney, C. J.
TI Ensemble Modeling of CME Propagation
SO SOLAR PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Coronal mass ejections, modeling; Solar wind, modeling; Solar wind,
observations
ID CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; SOLAR-WIND; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; CONE MODEL;
INTERPLANETARY; FLUX
AB The current progression toward solar maximum provides a unique opportunity to use multi-perspective spacecraft observations together with numerical models to better understand the evolution and propagation of coronal mass ejections (CMEs). Of interest to both the scientific and forecasting communities are the Earth-directed "halo" CMEs, since they typically produce the most geoeffective events. However, determining the actual initial geometries of halo CMEs is a challenge due to the plane-of-sky projection effects. Thus the recent 15 February 2011 halo CME event has been selected for this study. During this event the Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory (STEREO) A and B spacecraft were fortuitously located similar to aEuro parts per thousand 90A degrees away from the Sun-Earth line such that the CME was viewed as a limb event from these two spacecraft, thereby providing a more reliable constraint on the initial CME geometry. These multi-perspective observations were utilized to provide a simple geometrical description that assumes a cone shape for a CME to calculate its angular width and central position. The event was simulated using the coupled Wang-Sheeley-Arge (WSA)-Enlil 3D numerical solar corona-solar wind model. Daily updated global photospheric magnetic field maps were used to drive the background solar wind. To improve our modeling techniques, the sensitivity of the modeled CME arrival times to the initial input CME geometry was assessed by creating an ensemble of numerical simulations based on multiple sets of cone parameters for this event. It was found that the accuracy of the modeled arrival times not only depends on the initial input CME geometry, but also on the accuracy of the modeled solar wind background, which is driven by the input maps of the photospheric field. To improve the modeling of the background solar wind, the recently developed data-assimilated magnetic field synoptic maps produced by the Air Force Data Assimilative Photospheric flux Transport (ADAPT) model were used. The ADAPT maps provide a more instantaneous snapshot of the global photospheric field distribution than that provided by traditional daily updated synoptic maps. Using ADAPT to drive the background solar wind, an ensemble set of eight different CME arrival times was generated, where the spread in the predictions was similar to aEuro parts per thousand 13 hours and was nearly centered on the observed CME shock arrival time.
C1 [Lee, C. O.; Arge, C. N.; Quinn, J. M.; Henney, C. J.] USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM USA.
[Odstrcil, D.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Millward, G.; Pizzo, V.] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Lee, CO (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, NM USA.
EM cleevantilborg@gmail.com
OI Lee, Christina/0000-0002-1604-3326
FU NASA; NSF; USAF; National Research Council Air Force Research Laboratory
Space Vehicles Directorate in Kirtland Air Force Base, New Mexico; Air
Force Office of Scientific Research
FX The authors thank the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Space Physics
Data Facility (SPDF) and National Space Science Data Center (NSSDC) for
providing the OMNI data and OMNIWeb access, the National Solar
Observatory Global Oscillation Network Group for providing access to
their magnetogram and synoptic map data sets, and the agencies
sponsoring these archives (NASA, NSF, USAF). The authors would like to
acknowledge that SOHO is a project of international cooperation between
the European Space Agency and NASA. In addition, the authors wish to
express thanks to Drs. Joan Burkepile and Doug Biesecker for discussions
regarding the complexities of characterizing halo CMEs from
line-of-sight white light coronagraph images.; This research was
performed while Christina O. Lee held a National Research Council
Research Associateship Award at the Air Force Research Laboratory Space
Vehicles Directorate in Kirtland Air Force Base, New Mexico and is
supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research.
NR 37
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 7
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0038-0938
EI 1573-093X
J9 SOL PHYS
JI Sol. Phys.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 285
IS 1-2
BP 349
EP 368
DI 10.1007/s11207-012-9980-1
PG 20
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 138OS
UT WOS:000318518600020
ER
PT J
AU Dong, S
Striegel, AM
AF Dong, Shen
Striegel, Andre M.
TI Size-Exclusion Chromatography of Asphaltenes: An Experimental Comparison
of Commonly Used Approaches
SO CHROMATOGRAPHIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Size-exclusion chromatography; Asphaltenes; Experimental comparison;
Challenges
ID GEL PERMEATION CHROMATOGRAPHY; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT
AB Asphaltenes, the heaviest and most polar fraction of crude oil, are responsible for the clogging of oil pipelines and of underground reservoir rocks. Asphaltenes are defined as a solubility class (toluene- or benzene-soluble, n-alkane insoluble), and a consensus is still lacking on the molar mass (M) averages, distribution, and range of these materials. Size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) is among the most widely employed methods for characterizing the M averages and distributions of both natural and synthetic polymers and, as such, has seen widespread application in the study of asphaltenes. SEC analysis of asphaltenes presents a number of challenges, however, some inherent to all low-M materials and some unique to these particular analytes. Here, we have experimentally compared several of the most commonly used approaches to SEC of asphaltenes, in hope of both demonstrating the influence of experimental conditions upon the results obtained as well as to determine optimal conditions of analysis. In the end, while the former goal was met, the latter one remains an open challenge in the field.
C1 [Dong, Shen] Florida State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Dong, Shen] Florida State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Striegel, Andre M.] NIST, Div Chem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20878 USA.
RP Striegel, AM (reprint author), NIST, Div Chem Sci, 100 Bur Dr MS 8392, Gaithersburg, MD 20878 USA.
EM andre.striegel@nist.gov
NR 25
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 27
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 0009-5893
J9 CHROMATOGRAPHIA
JI Chromatographia
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 76
IS 13-14
BP 725
EP 733
DI 10.1007/s10337-013-2472-0
PG 9
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 171VV
UT WOS:000320959000001
ER
PT J
AU Keller, AA
Bradburn, MJ
Simon, VH
AF Keller, Aimee A.
Bradburn, Mark J.
Simon, Victor H.
TI Shifts in condition and distribution of eastern North Pacific flatfish
along the US west coast (2003-2010)
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART I-OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH PAPERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Condition; Distribution; Flatfish; California Current System; Groundfish
survey; Biomass; Pacific Decadal Oscillation; Multivariate ENSO Index;
North Pacific Gyre Oscillation
ID CLIMATE-OCEAN VARIABILITY; CALIFORNIA CURRENT SYSTEM; COD GADUS-MORHUA;
FISH ASSEMBLAGE; MARINE FISHES; SEA; ABUNDANCE; ECOLOGY; SALMON;
PATTERNS
AB Flatfish condition indices and distribution were examined along the U.S. west coast (55-1280 m) in relation to environmental variability and biomass using data from ten frequently occurring species collected in annual groundfish surveys from 2003 to 2010. The study was conducted during a period characterized by a cooling trend in the northern California Current system and by declining biomass for flatfish in general. Annual condition indices for six species (arrowtooth flounder, Dover sole, English sole, Pacific sanddab, petrale sole, and rex sole) were significantly related either to large-scale climatic indices (Pacific Decadal Oscillation, Multivariate El Nino-Southern Oscillation Index, North Pacific Gyre Oscillation) and/or annual biomass levels. Condition was most closely related to environmental effects rather than either biomass alone or both variables, with condition typically higher during cool climatic conditions. A similar analysis revealed that changes in distribution (measured as variation in annual catch-weighted mean latitude, longitude, depth and temperature) tended to be best described by models incorporating environmental effects and biomass rather than either variable alone. Linear trends in the center of distribution along a southeast northwest axis were significant for seven species (arrowtooth flounder, deepsea sole, Dover sole, flathead sole, Pacific sanddab, petrale sole, and slender sole) with a tendency for flatfish to be displaced towards the southeast as environmental conditions shifted from warm to cooler conditions and biomass declined. A spatial distribution analysis indicated that for the majority of species (80%) the greatest magnitude of displacement (km) occurred when the centers of biomass were compared between environmental phases (average annual displacement 34 km) rather than changing biomass levels (average displacement 24 km). Taken together both approaches revealed that environmental changes and variation in biomass play significant roles in flatfish distribution. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Keller, Aimee A.; Bradburn, Mark J.; Simon, Victor H.] NOAA, Fishery Resource Anal & Monitoring Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Keller, AA (reprint author), NOAA, Fishery Resource Anal & Monitoring Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM Aimee.Keller@noaa.gov
NR 59
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 22
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0637
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT I
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part I-Oceanogr. Res. Pap.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 77
BP 23
EP 35
DI 10.1016/j.dsr.2013.03.003
PG 13
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 165OV
UT WOS:000320494100003
ER
PT J
AU Siegel, V
Reiss, CS
Dietrich, KS
Haraldsson, M
Rohardt, G
AF Siegel, Volker
Reiss, Christian S.
Dietrich, Kimberly S.
Haraldsson, Matilda
Rohardt, Gerhard
TI Distribution and abundance of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) along
the Antarctic Peninsula
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART I-OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH PAPERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Southern Ocean; Antarctic krill; Large-scale distribution; Geographical
zonation; Demography; Recruitment
ID SPATIOTEMPORAL VARIABILITY; SEASONAL VARIABILITY; CONTINENTAL-SHELF;
MARINE ECOSYSTEM; SOUTHERN-OCEAN; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PALMER LTER; FOOD-WEB;
SEA-ICE; WEST
AB Net-based data on the abundance, distribution, and demographic patterns of Antarctic krill are quantified from a contemporaneous two ship survey of the Antarctic Peninsula during austral summer 2011. Two survey areas were sampled focussed on Marguerite Bay in the south, and the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula in the north. Data from 177 stations showed that the highest concentrations of krill were found in the southern sampling area. Differences between areas were associated with a few large catches of one year old krill found in anomalously warm and productive waters in Marguerite Bay, and small krill catches in the less-productive, offshore waters in the north. Estimated krill density across the survey area was 3.4 krill m(-2), and was low compared to the long-term average of 45 krill m(-2) for the Elephant Island area. Overall recruitment between the two survey regions was similar, but per capita recruitment was about 60% lower than historical mean recruitment levels measured at Elephant Island since the late 1970s. Demographic patterns showed small krill concentrated near the coast, and large krill concentrated offshore on the shelf and slope all along the survey area. The offshore distribution of adult krill was delineated by the warm (similar to 1 degrees C), low salinity (33.8) water at 30 m, suggesting that most krill were present shoreward of the southern boundary of Antarctic Circumpolar Current Front. Distributions of larvae indicated that three hotspot areas were important for the production of krill: slope areas outside Marguerite Bay and north of the South Shetland Islands, and near the coast around Antarctic Sound. Successful spawning, as inferred from larval abundance, was roughly coincident with the shelf break and not with inshore waters. Given the rapid changes in climate along the Antarctic Peninsula and the lower per capita recruitment observed in recent years, studies comparing and contrasting production, growth, and recruitment across the Peninsula will be critical to better understand how climate change will impact krill populations and their dependent predators in the Scotia Sea. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Siegel, Volker] Thunen Inst Seefischerei, D-22767 Hamburg, Germany.
[Reiss, Christian S.; Dietrich, Kimberly S.] NOAA, Antarctic Ecosyst Res Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Haraldsson, Matilda] Dept Marine Ecol Kristineberg, S-56645034 Kristineberg, Fiskebackskil, Sweden.
[Rohardt, Gerhard] Alfred Wegener Inst Polar & Marine Res, D-27570 Bremerhaven, Germany.
RP Siegel, V (reprint author), Thunen Inst Seefischerei, Palmaille 9, D-22767 Hamburg, Germany.
EM volker.siegel@ti.bund.de
NR 68
TC 6
Z9 10
U1 4
U2 75
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0637
EI 1879-0119
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT I
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part I-Oceanogr. Res. Pap.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 77
BP 63
EP 74
DI 10.1016/j.dsr.2013.02.005
PG 12
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 165OV
UT WOS:000320494100006
ER
PT J
AU Ma, L
Guess, PC
Zhang, Y
AF Ma, Li
Guess, Petra C.
Zhang, Yu
TI Load-bearing properties of minimal-invasive monolithic lithium
disilicate and zirconia occlusal onlays: Finite element and theoretical
analyses
SO DENTAL MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Load-bearing capacity; Monolithic ceramic restorations; Lithium
disilicate; Zirconia; Flexural fracture
ID BRITTLE-COATING STRUCTURES; CAD/CAM COMPOSITE RESIN; ALL-CERAMIC
MATERIALS; LAYER STRUCTURES; STRESS-DISTRIBUTION; ENAMEL THICKNESS;
RELATIVE TRANSLUCENCY; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; FRACTURE-RESISTANCE;
PREPARATION DESIGNS
AB Objective. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that monolithic lithium disilicate glass-ceramic occlusal onlay can exhibit a load-bearing capacity that approaches monolithic zirconia, due to a smaller elastic modulus mismatch between the lithium disilicate and its supporting tooth structure relative to zirconia.
Methods. Ceramic occlusal onlays of various thicknesses cemented to either enamel or dentin were considered. Occlusal load was applied through an enamel-like deformable indenter or a control rigid indenter. Flexural tensile stress at the ceramic intaglio (cementation) surface-a cause for bulk fracture of occlusal onlays-was rigorously analyzed using finite element analysis and classical plate-on-foundation theory.
Results. When bonded to enamel (supported by dentin), the load-bearing capacity of lithium disilicate can approach 75% of that of zirconia, despite the flexural strength of lithium disilicate (400 MPa) being merely 40% of zirconia (1000 MPa). When bonded to dentin (with the enamel completely removed), the load-bearing capacity of lithium disilicate is about 57% of zirconia, still significantly higher than the anticipated value based on its strength. Both ceramics show slightly higher load-bearing capacity when loaded with a deformable indenter (enamel, glass-ceramic, or porcelain) rather than a rigid indenter.
Significance. When supported by enamel, the load-bearing property of minimally invasive lithium disilicate occlusal onlays (0.6-1.4 mm thick) can exceed 70% of that of zirconia. Additionally, a relatively weak dependence of fracture load on restoration thickness indicates that a 1.2 mm thin lithium disilicate onlay can be as fracture resistant as its 1.6 mm counterpart. (C) 2013 Academy of Dental Materials. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zhang, Yu] NYU, Coll Dent, Dept Biomat & Biomimet, New York, NY 10010 USA.
[Ma, Li] NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Div, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Guess, Petra C.] Univ Freiburg, Sch Dent, Dept Prosthodont, Freiburg, Germany.
RP Zhang, Y (reprint author), NYU, Coll Dent, Dept Biomat & Biomimet, 345 East 24th St,Room 813C, New York, NY 10010 USA.
EM yz21@nyu.edu
FU United States National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research
[2R01 DE017925]; National Science Foundation [CMMI-0758530]
FX The authors would like to thank Dr. B. Hu and Mr. J.C. DiMaggio for
preparing the cross-sectional molar image. Valuable discussions with
Profs. M. Pines, R. D. Trushkowsky, and S. B. David are appreciated.
Funding was provided by the United States National Institute of Dental
and Craniofacial Research (Grant 2R01 DE017925) and the National Science
Foundation (Grant CMMI-0758530).
NR 60
TC 20
Z9 21
U1 4
U2 35
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0109-5641
EI 1879-0097
J9 DENT MATER
JI Dent. Mater.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 29
IS 7
BP 742
EP 751
DI 10.1016/j.dental.2013.04.004
PG 10
WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Materials Science, Biomaterials
SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Materials Science
GA 169FP
UT WOS:000320764800007
PM 23683531
ER
PT J
AU Schofield, G
Dimadi, A
Fossette, S
Katselidis, KA
Koutsoubas, D
Lilley, MKS
Luckman, A
Pantis, JD
Karagouni, AD
Hays, GC
AF Schofield, Gail
Dimadi, Alexandra
Fossette, Sabrina
Katselidis, Kostas A.
Koutsoubas, Drosos
Lilley, Martin K. S.
Luckman, Adrian
Pantis, John D.
Karagouni, Amalia D.
Hays, Graeme C.
TI Satellite tracking large numbers of individuals to infer population
level dispersal and core areas for the protection of an endangered
species
SO DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Adaptive behaviour; conservation management; dispersal; predictive
models; sample size; spatial ecology; telemetry
ID LOGGERHEAD SEA-TURTLES; CARETTA-CARETTA; CLIMATE-CHANGE; MEDITERRANEAN
SEA; BREEDING AGGREGATION; CHELONIA-MYDAS; ADRIATIC SEA; CONSERVATION;
MIGRATION; TELEMETRY
AB Aim Tracking the dispersal patterns and habitat use of migratory species is necessary to delineate optimal areas for protection, with large sample sizes being more representative of the population. Here, we examine the dispersal patterns of a key Mediterranean loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta) breeding population to identify priority foraging sites for protection. Location Zakynthos Island, Greece and the wider Mediterranean. Method We examined the dispersal patterns and foraging sites of 75 adult loggerheads (n=38 males and 37 females) tracked from the breeding area of Zakynthos Island (Greece) from 2004 to 2011. We then combined our data with published sea turtle literature to identify key foraging sites for protection. Results While both males and females exhibited similar dispersal patterns, about 25% males remained <100km of Zakynthos, whereas all females (except one) migrated >200km. Integration of our data with the wider literature isolated 10 core sites in proximity to existing protected areas, which could potentially protect 64% of the Zakynthos population, while five sites support individuals from at least 10 other loggerhead breeding populations. Main conclusions Due to the widespread availability of neritic foraging grounds across the Mediterranean, sea turtles from Zakynthos exhibit disparate dispersal patterns. However, protecting only a few objectively defined important sites can encompass a large proportion of the foraging areas used and hence have considerable conservation benefit.
C1 [Schofield, Gail; Fossette, Sabrina; Lilley, Martin K. S.; Hays, Graeme C.] Swansea Univ, Dept Biosci, Swansea SA2 8PP, W Glam, Wales.
[Dimadi, Alexandra; Katselidis, Kostas A.; Koutsoubas, Drosos] Natl Marine Pk Zakynthos, GR-29100 Zakynthos, Greece.
[Fossette, Sabrina] NOAA, Div Environm Res, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
[Katselidis, Kostas A.] Univ Ioannina, Dept Environm & Nat Resources Management, GR-30100 Agrinion, Greece.
[Koutsoubas, Drosos] Univ Aegean, Dept Marine Sci, Mitilini 81100, Greece.
[Lilley, Martin K. S.] Aix Marseille Univ, Mediterraneen Inst Oceanog, F-13288 Marseille 9, France.
[Luckman, Adrian] Swansea Univ, Dept Geog, Swansea, W Glam, Wales.
[Pantis, John D.] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Sch Biol, Dept Ecol, GR-54006 Thessaloniki, Greece.
[Karagouni, Amalia D.] Univ Athens, Microbiol Grp, Fac Biol, Dept Bot, Athens 15781, Greece.
[Hays, Graeme C.] Deakin Univ, Sch Life & Environm Sci, Ctr Integrat Ecol, Warrnambool, Vic 3280, Australia.
RP Schofield, G (reprint author), Swansea Univ, Dept Biosci, Singleton Pk, Swansea SA2 8PP, W Glam, Wales.
EM g.schof@gmail.com
RI Lilley, Martin/D-7482-2011;
OI Lilley, Martin/0000-0002-5870-3898; Katselidis,
Kostas/0000-0001-9845-7444; Schofield, Gail/0000-0002-8438-4181;
Luckman, Adrian/0000-0002-9618-5905
FU AXA Research Fund; Boyd Lyon Sea Turtle Fund; British Chelonia Group;
People's Trust for Endangered Species; Project Aware; Swansea
University; Thermadap
FX The authors thank the National Marine Park of Zakynthos (NMPZ) for the
permission to conduct this research, and the sponsors of the Management
Agent's termed Caretta's Odyssey which spanned 2008 to 2010 for 25
transmitters. The 32 Swansea University transmitters were financed by
the AXA Research Fund, Boyd Lyon Sea Turtle Fund, British Chelonia
Group, People's Trust for Endangered Species, Project Aware, Swansea
University and Thermadap. We thank Suzanne Bevan, who pre-processed the
MODIS SST product. We thank the many people who provided in-water
capture assistance, including the NMPZ coast guards. We acknowledge use
of the Maptool program (http://www.seaturtle.org).
NR 63
TC 42
Z9 42
U1 5
U2 95
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1366-9516
J9 DIVERS DISTRIB
JI Divers. Distrib.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 19
IS 7
BP 834
EP 844
DI 10.1111/ddi.12077
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 163HU
UT WOS:000320327500017
ER
PT J
AU Weng, FZ
Yang, H
Zou, XL
AF Weng, Fuzhong
Yang, Hu
Zou, Xiaolei
TI On Convertibility From Antenna to Sensor Brightness Temperature for ATMS
SO IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Antenna pattern; Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS); pitchover
maneuver; Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (NPP)
AB The Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS) onboard the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (NPP) satellite is a total power radiometer and scans across the track within a range of +/- 52.77 degrees from nadir. It has 22 channels and measures the microwave radiation at either quasi-vertical or quasi-horizontal polarization from the Earth's atmosphere. Without simultaneous measurements at both polarizations at the same frequency, the conversion from ATMS antenna temperature to sensor brightness temperature becomes nonunique if the antenna subsystem has a significant spillover from cross-polarization. In addition, the antenna temperature could be contributed from both the near-and far-field radiation through the sidelobes of the ATMS antenna subsystem. An analysis of the ATMS antenna gain measurements reveals that the efficiencies of both ATMS antenna sidelobes and cross-polarization are frequency dependent. From the ATMS pitchover maneuver data, it is found that the contributions of spacecraft radiation through the near-field sidelobes are significant and dominates the scan-angle-dependent features in the ATMS antenna temperatures. A theoretical model is developed for the conversion from antenna to sensor brightness temperatures, which incorporates the angular dependent terms derived from the pitchover maneuver data.
C1 [Weng, Fuzhong] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Washington, DC USA.
[Yang, Hu] Univ Maryland, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Zou, Xiaolei] Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
RP Weng, FZ (reprint author), Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Washington, DC USA.
EM Fuzhong.Weng@noaa.gov
RI Yang, Hu (Tiger)/A-4483-2014; Weng, Fuzhong/F-5633-2010
OI Weng, Fuzhong/0000-0003-0150-2179
FU Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology [2010CB951600]
FX The work of H. Yang and X. Zou was supported by the Chinese Ministry of
Science and Technology under Project 2010CB951600. The views expressed
in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily
represent those of NOAA.
NR 7
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 10
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1545-598X
J9 IEEE GEOSCI REMOTE S
JI IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 10
IS 4
BP 771
EP 775
DI 10.1109/LGRS.2012.2223193
PG 5
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote
Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science
& Photographic Technology
GA 168QJ
UT WOS:000320720300003
ER
PT J
AU Li, YG
Zhang, GF
Doviak, RJ
Saxion, DS
AF Li, Yinguang
Zhang, Guifu
Doviak, Richard J.
Saxion, Darcy S.
TI Scan-to-Scan Correlation of Weather Radar Signals to Identify Ground
Clutter
SO IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Bayesian methods; classification algorithms; correlation; detection
algorithms; meteorological radar; radar clutter
ID NONPRECIPITATING ECHOES; ANOMALOUS PROPAGATION; IDENTIFICATION;
CLASSIFICATION; ALGORITHM; WSR-88D; REMOVAL
AB The scan-to-scan correlation method to discriminate weather signals from ground clutter, described in this letter, takes advantage of the fact that the correlation time of radar echoes from hydrometeors is typically much shorter than that from ground objects. In this letter, the scan-to-scan correlation method is applied to data from the WSR-88D, and its results are compared with those produced by the WSR-88D's ground clutter detector. A subjective comparison with an operational clutter detection algorithm used on the network of weather radars shows that the scan-to-scan correlation method produces a similar clutter field but presents clutter locations with higher spatial resolution.
C1 [Li, Yinguang; Doviak, Richard J.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Li, Yinguang; Zhang, Guifu] Univ Oklahoma, Adv Radar Res Ctr, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Zhang, Guifu] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Doviak, Richard J.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Doviak, Richard J.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Saxion, Darcy S.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Radar Operat Ctr, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
RP Li, YG (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
EM guzhang1@ou.edu
RI Zhang, Guifu/M-3178-2014
OI Zhang, Guifu/0000-0002-0261-2815
FU National Severe Storms Laboratory of National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration [NA08OAR4320904]; National Science Foundation
[AGS-1046171]
FX This work was supported in part by the National Severe Storms Laboratory
of National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration under Cooperative
Agreement NA08OAR4320904 and in part by the National Science Foundation
under Grant AGS-1046171.
NR 34
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 9
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1545-598X
J9 IEEE GEOSCI REMOTE S
JI IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 10
IS 4
BP 855
EP 859
DI 10.1109/LGRS.2012.2226233
PG 5
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote
Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science
& Photographic Technology
GA 168QJ
UT WOS:000320720300020
ER
PT J
AU Bouali, M
Ignatov, A
AF Bouali, Marouan
Ignatov, Alexander
TI Estimation of Detector Biases in MODIS Thermal Emissive Bands
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Detector calibration; Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer
(MODIS); sea surface temperature (SST); striping
ID IMPULSE-RESPONSE FILTERS; LANDSAT MSS IMAGES; NOISE; REDUCTION
AB The combination of multiple detectors and a double-sided mirror in the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) introduces striping in the imagery despite the use of onboard calibration systems. This results in a sharp unidirectional pattern across scan lines and leads to significant radiometric uncertainties in level-1 radiances, which further propagate into derived level-2 geophysical products such as the sea surface temperature. Quantifying and minimizing such uncertainties are the key steps in the improvement of remotely sensed data from MODIS. This paper describes a deterministic technique for the estimation of biases due to detector-to-detector miscalibration, mirror banding, and random striping. Using a unidirectional variational model previously introduced for destriping purposes, the scan line noise is first extracted from the observed scenes and then used to evaluate the thermal bias of detectors. The algorithm is applied to Terra and Aqua MODIS thermal emissive bands. Its qualitative performance is illustrated on several representative scenes, and quantitative results of detector biases are reported and discussed.
C1 [Bouali, Marouan] NOAA, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Bouali, Marouan] Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Ignatov, Alexander] NOAA, Washington, DC 20230 USA.
RP Bouali, M (reprint author), NOAA, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM marouan.bouali@noaa.gov; Alex.Ignatov@noaa.gov
RI Bouali, Marouan/I-5695-2013; Ignatov, Alexander/F-5594-2010
OI Ignatov, Alexander/0000-0002-7463-5944
FU VIIRS Sea Surface Temperature Project; Joint Polar Satellite System
Program Office
FX Manuscript received February 29, 2012; revised September 14, 2012;
accepted September 23, 2012. Date of publication February 1, 2013; date
of current version June 20, 2013. This work was supported by the VIIRS
Sea Surface Temperature Project funded by the Joint Polar Satellite
System Program Office. The views, opinions, and findings contained in
this paper are those of the authors and should not be construed as an
official NOAA or U.S. Government position, policy, or decision.
NR 24
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 14
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0196-2892
J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE
JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 51
IS 7
BP 4339
EP 4348
DI 10.1109/TGRS.2012.2230183
PN 2
PG 10
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote
Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science
& Photographic Technology
GA 171QI
UT WOS:000320943700021
ER
PT J
AU Demirhan, E
Eskut, NP
Zorlu, Y
Cukurova, I
Tuna, G
Kirkali, FG
AF Demirhan, Erhan
Eskut, Neslihan Purdas
Zorlu, Yasar
Cukurova, Ibrahim
Tuna, Gamze
Kirkali, Fatos Guldal
TI Blood levels of TNF-, IL-10, and IL-12 in idiopathic sudden
sensorineural hearing loss
SO LARYNGOSCOPE
LA English
DT Article
DE Idiopathic; hearing loss; cytokine; interleukin; TNF-; IL-10; IL-12
ID SPIRAL LIGAMENT FIBROCYTES; DEAFNESS; COCHLEA; ALPHA; DEFIBRINOGENATION;
INFLAMMATION; CYTOKINES; EFFICACY; STEROIDS; FLOW
AB Objectives/Hypothesis To investigate the blood levels of TNF-, IL-10, and IL-12 in the idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss patients, and the change of these cytokine levels after treatment. Study Design Prospective clinical trial. Methods Twenty-three patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss and 20 healthy people were selected as study and control groups. Blood samples for TNF-, IL-10, and IL-12 were taken before treatment and 6 weeks after treatment. The study group was given combined treatment including dexamethasone, heparin, pentoxifyline, vitamin B1, and B6 for 10 days, and was divided into two groups: treatment responders and treatment nonresponders. The treatment responders group was also divided into three groups according to most accepted criteria for improvement in the literature. Audiograms were taken before treatment and 6 weeks after treatment to determine the response to the treatment. Results There was no significant difference between pre- and posttreatment values of IL-10 and IL-12 in all study groups (P > 0.05). There was also no significant difference between pre- and posttreatment values of TNF- in treatment responders (P > 0.05). Treatment nonresponders had more elevated posttreatment values of TNF- than pretreatment values (P < 0.05). Conclusion IL-10 and IL-12 may not play a critical role in idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss. But our data supports the role of TNF- in the pathophysiology of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss, and TNF- receptor blockers may have benefits in these patients. Level of Evidence 3B. Laryngoscope, 2013
C1 [Demirhan, Erhan] Eregli State Hosp, Dept Otorhinolaryngol, Zonguldak, Turkey.
[Eskut, Neslihan Purdas] Adiyaman Univ Training & Res Hosp, Dept Neurol, Adiyaman, Turkey.
[Zorlu, Yasar] Tepecik Training & Res Hosp, Dept Neurol, Izmir, Turkey.
[Cukurova, Ibrahim] Tepecik Training & Res Hosp, Dept Otorhinolaryngol, Izmir, Turkey.
[Tuna, Gamze] Dokuz Eylul Univ, Dept Biochem, Sch Med, Izmir, Turkey.
[Kirkali, Fatos Guldal] NIST, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Demirhan, E (reprint author), Eregli State Hosp, Dept Otorhinolaryngol, Zonguldak, Turkey.
EM demirhanerhan@gmail.com
NR 33
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 12
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0023-852X
J9 LARYNGOSCOPE
JI Laryngoscope
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 123
IS 7
BP 1778
EP 1781
DI 10.1002/lary.23907
PG 4
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Otorhinolaryngology
SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Otorhinolaryngology
GA 169ML
UT WOS:000320784300036
PM 23382065
ER
PT J
AU Hilting, AK
Currin, CA
Kosaki, RK
AF Hilting, Anna K.
Currin, Carolyn A.
Kosaki, Randall K.
TI Evidence for benthic primary production support of an apex
predator-dominated coral reef food web
SO MARINE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTHWESTERN HAWAIIAN-ISLANDS; FRENCH FRIGATE SHOALS; STABLE-ISOTOPE
RATIOS; OCEAN ACIDIFICATION; NITROGEN ISOTOPES; TROPHIC POSITION;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; MIXING MODELS; NEW-CALEDONIA; DELTA-N-15
AB Five hundred and ninety-nine primary producers and consumers in the PapahAnaumokuAkea Marine National Monument (PMNM) (22A degrees N-30A degrees N, 160A degrees W-180A degrees W) were sampled for carbon and nitrogen stable isotope composition to elucidate trophic relationships in a relatively unimpacted, apex predator-dominated coral reef ecosystem. A one-isotope (delta C-13), two-source (phytoplankton and benthic primary production) mixing model provided evidence for an average minimum benthic primary production contribution of 65 % to consumer production. Primary producer delta N-15 values ranged from -1.6 to 8.0 aEuro degrees with an average (2.1 aEuro degrees) consistent with a prevalence of N-2 fixation. Consumer group delta N-15 means ranged from 6.6 aEuro degrees (herbivore) to 12.1 aEuro degrees (Galeocerdo cuvier), and differences between consumer group delta N-15 values suggest an average trophic enrichment factor of 1.8 aEuro degrees Delta N-15. Based on relative delta N-15 values, the larger G. cuvier may feed at a trophic position above other apex predators. The results provide baseline data for investigating the trophic ecology of healthy coral reef ecosystems.
C1 [Hilting, Anna K.; Currin, Carolyn A.] NOAA NOS NCCOS CCFHR, Beaufort, NC USA.
[Kosaki, Randall K.] NOAA NOS Papahanaumokuakea Marine Natl Monument, Honolulu, HI USA.
RP Hilting, AK (reprint author), NOAA NOS NCCOS CCFHR, 101 Pivers Isl Rd, Beaufort, NC USA.
EM anna.hilting@noaa.gov
FU NOAA's Office of National Marine Sanctuaries; Papahanaumokuakea Marine
National Monument; National Ocean Service
FX We thank R. Dollar, F. Parrish, and B. Popp for valuable discussions, E.
Davenport for his technical expertise, E. Kehn for assistance with
identification of macroalgal specimens, and H. Walsh, C. Meyer, Y.
Papastamatiou, B. Bowen, and F. Parrish for sample collection. We thank
the anonymous reviewers whose comments helped us significantly improve
this paper. Funding was provided by NOAA's Office of National Marine
Sanctuaries, the Papahanaumokuakea Marine National Monument, and the
National Ocean Service. A report based on data presented in this
manuscript was included in Friedlander et al. (2009).
NR 70
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 6
U2 82
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0025-3162
EI 1432-1793
J9 MAR BIOL
JI Mar. Biol.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 160
IS 7
BP 1681
EP 1695
DI 10.1007/s00227-013-2220-x
PG 15
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 169OZ
UT WOS:000320791000013
ER
PT J
AU Vincent, AC
Scott, P
Trampedach, R
AF Vincent, A. C.
Scott, P.
Trampedach, R.
TI Light bosons in the photosphere and the solar abundance problem
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE elementary particles; line: formation; Sun: abundances; Sun: atmosphere;
cosmology: theory
ID LINE FORMATION; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; REVISED ABUNDANCES; OXYGEN
ABUNDANCE; MAGNETIC-FIELD; MODEL PROBLEM; STARS; GRANULATION;
HELIOSEISMOLOGY; SIMULATIONS
AB Spectroscopy is used to measure the elemental abundances in the outer layers of the Sun, whereas helioseismology probes the interior. It is well known that current spectroscopic determinations of the chemical composition are starkly at odds with the metallicity implied by helioseismology. We investigate whether the discrepancy may be due to conversion of photons to a new light boson in the solar photosphere. We examine the impact of particles with axion-like interactions with the photon on the inferred photospheric abundances, showing that resonant axion-photon conversion is not possible in the region of the solar atmosphere in which line formation occurs. Although non-resonant conversion in the line-forming regions can in principle impact derived abundances, constraints from axion-photon conversion experiments rule out the couplings necessary for these effects to be detectable. We show that this extends to hidden photons and chameleons (which would exhibit similar phenomenological behaviour), ruling out known theories of new light bosons as photospheric solutions to the solar abundance problem.
C1 [Vincent, A. C.] Univ Valencia, IFIC, CSIC, E-46071 Valencia, Spain.
[Scott, P.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada.
[Trampedach, R.] Univ Colorado, Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Trampedach, R.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Vincent, AC (reprint author), Univ Valencia, IFIC, CSIC, E-46071 Valencia, Spain.
EM vincent@ific.uv.es
FU NSERC; FQRNT; European contracts [FP7-PEOPLE-2011-ITN,
PITN-GA-2011-289442-INVISIBLES]; Lorne Trottier Chair in Astrophysics;
Institute for Particle Physics Theory Fellowship; Canadian Government
Tri-Agency Banting Fellowship; NASA [NNX08AI57G, NNX11AJ36G]
FX It is a pleasure to thank Martin Asplund, Remo Collett, Keshav Dasgupta,
Anne Davis, Guy Moore Javier Redondo and Konstantin Zioutas for helpful
comments and conversations. ACV was supported by NSERC, FQRNT and
European contracts FP7-PEOPLE-2011-ITN, PITN-GA-2011-289442-INVISIBLES.
PS was supported by the Lorne Trottier Chair in Astrophysics, an
Institute for Particle Physics Theory Fellowship and a Canadian
Government Tri-Agency Banting Fellowship, administered by NSERC. RT was
supported by NASA grants NNX08AI57G and NNX11AJ36G.
NR 79
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 4
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0035-8711
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 432
IS 4
BP 3332
EP 3339
DI 10.1093/mnras/stt683
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 173BR
UT WOS:000321053500058
ER
PT J
AU Bianchi, D
Galbraith, ED
Carozza, DA
Mislan, KAS
Stock, CA
AF Bianchi, Daniele
Galbraith, Eric D.
Carozza, David A.
Mislan, K. A. S.
Stock, Charles A.
TI Intensification of open-ocean oxygen depletion by vertically migrating
animals
SO NATURE GEOSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID ARABIAN SEA; ZOOPLANKTON ABUNDANCE; EQUATORIAL PACIFIC; DIEL;
MESOZOOPLANKTON; COMMUNITY; CARBON; ZONE; BIOMASS; EXPORT
AB Throughout the ocean, countless small animals swim to depth in the daytime, presumably to seek refuge from large predators(1,2). These animals return to the surface at night to feed(1,2). This substantial diel vertical migration can result in the transfer of significant amounts of carbon and nutrients from the surface to depth(3-7). However, its consequences on ocean chemistry at the global scale have remained uncertain(8,9). Here, we determine the depths of these diel migrations in the global ocean using a global array of backscatter data from acoustic Doppler current profilers, collected between 1990 and 2011. We show that the depth of diel migration follows coherent large-scale patterns. We find that migration depth is greater where subsurface oxygen concentrations are high, such that seawater oxygen concentration is the best single predictor of migration depth at the global scale. In oxygen minimum zone areas, migratory animals generally descend as far as the upper margins of the low-oxygen waters. Using an ocean biogeochemical model coupled to a general circulation model, we show that by focusing oxygen consumption in poorly ventilated regions of the upper ocean, diel vertical migration intensifies oxygen depletion in the upper margin of oxygen minimum zones. We suggest that future changes in the extent of oxygen minimum zones could alter the migratory depths of marine organisms, with consequences for marine biogeochemistry, food webs and fisheries.
C1 [Bianchi, Daniele; Galbraith, Eric D.; Carozza, David A.] McGill Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Montreal, PQ H3A 2A7, Canada.
[Mislan, K. A. S.] Princeton Univ, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Stock, Charles A.] NOAA Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
RP Bianchi, D (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 3450 Rue Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2A7, Canada.
EM daniele.bianchi@mail.mcgill.ca
RI Galbraith, Eric/F-9469-2014;
OI Galbraith, Eric/0000-0003-4476-4232; Stock, Charles/0000-0001-9549-8013;
Carozza, David Anthony/0000-0001-7343-9442
FU Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR) Earth System Evolution
Program; Carbon Mitigation Initiative; BP; NOAA Cooperative Institute
for Climate Science; SSHRC of Canada
FX The authors thank J.L. Sarmiento and J.P. Dunne for insightful comments
on the project, P. Caldwell for kindly providing the JASADCP data and D.
Balachandran for preliminary analysis. D.B. and E.D.G. were financially
supported by the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR) Earth
System Evolution Program. K.A.S. was financially supported by the Carbon
Mitigation Initiative with support from BP and the NOAA Cooperative
Institute for Climate Science. D.A.C. acknowledges the support of SSHRC
of Canada. Computation resources were provided by the SciNet HPC
consortium, the Canada Foundation for Innovation and Compute Canada.
NR 30
TC 37
Z9 37
U1 1
U2 40
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1752-0894
EI 1752-0908
J9 NAT GEOSCI
JI Nat. Geosci.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 6
IS 7
BP 545
EP 548
DI 10.1038/NGEO1837
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 172KU
UT WOS:000321002700016
ER
PT J
AU Zhai, YH
Becerra, FE
Glebov, BL
Wen, JM
Lita, AE
Calkins, B
Gerrits, T
Fan, JY
Nam, SW
Migdall, A
AF Zhai, Yanhua
Becerra, Francisco E.
Glebov, Boris L.
Wen, Jianming
Lita, Adriana E.
Calkins, Brice
Gerrits, Thomas
Fan, Jingyun
Nam, Sae Woo
Migdall, Alan
TI Photon-number-resolved detection of photon-subtracted thermal light
SO OPTICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SINGLE-PHOTONS; EFFICIENCY
AB We examine the photon statistics of photon-subtracted thermal light using photon-number-resolved detection. We demonstrate experimentally that the photon number distribution transforms from a Bose-Einstein distribution to a Poisson distribution as the number of subtracted photons increases. We also show that second-and higher-order photon correlation functions can be directly determined from the photon-number-resolved detection measurements of a single optical beam.
C1 [Zhai, Yanhua; Becerra, Francisco E.; Glebov, Boris L.; Fan, Jingyun; Migdall, Alan] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Zhai, Yanhua; Becerra, Francisco E.; Glebov, Boris L.; Fan, Jingyun; Migdall, Alan] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Wen, Jianming] Yale Univ, Dept Appl Phys, New Haven, CT 06511 USA.
RP Fan, JY (reprint author), NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jfan@nist.gov
FU Physics Frontier Center at the Joint Quantum Institute
FX This research is supported in part by the Physics Frontier Center at the
Joint Quantum Institute.
NR 13
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 16
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0146-9592
J9 OPT LETT
JI Opt. Lett.
PD JUL 1
PY 2013
VL 38
IS 13
BP 2171
EP 2173
DI 10.1364/OL.38.002171
PG 3
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 175VU
UT WOS:000321262500005
PM 23811867
ER
PT J
AU Zhu, CJ
Deng, L
Hagley, EW
AF Zhu, Chengjie
Deng, L.
Hagley, E. W.
TI Hybrid quantum-well system for wavelength-channel selection
SO OPTICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTROMAGNETICALLY INDUCED TRANSPARENCY; GIANT KERR NONLINEARITY; BEAM
DEFLECTION; MAGNETIC-FIELD; VAPOR; LIGHT
AB We consider a hybrid quantum-well structure consisting of regions whose properties alternate between active Raman gain and electromagnetically induced transparency. We present both analytical and numerical results that indicate a large light beam defection using spatially inhomogeneous pump and control lasers. We show well-isolated on-chip wavelength selection or channeling capabilities without light field attenuation or distortion, demonstrating the advantages of the system for possible important applications in integrated circuits for optical telecommunications. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America
C1 [Zhu, Chengjie; Deng, L.; Hagley, E. W.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Zhu, Chengjie] E China Normal Univ, Shanghai 200062, Peoples R China.
RP Deng, L (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM lu.deng@nist.gov
FU NNSFC [10874043, 11174080]; Reward for Excellent Doctors in Academics
[MXRZZ2010007]
FX We thank Dr. Zachary H. Levien of NIST for comments and suggestions.
Chengjie Zhu acknowledges the support by NNSFC under Grants Nos.
10874043 and 11174080 and by the Reward for Excellent Doctors in
Academics under Grant No. MXRZZ2010007.
NR 23
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 6
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0146-9592
J9 OPT LETT
JI Opt. Lett.
PD JUL 1
PY 2013
VL 38
IS 13
BP 2363
EP 2366
DI 10.1364/OL.38.002363
PG 4
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 175VU
UT WOS:000321262500067
PM 23811929
ER
PT J
AU Bass, CD
Beise, EJ
Breuer, H
Heimbach, CR
Langford, TJ
Nico, JS
AF Bass, C. D.
Beise, E. J.
Breuer, H.
Heimbach, C. R.
Langford, T. J.
Nico, J. S.
TI Characterization of a Li-6-loaded liquid organic scintillator for fast
neutron spectrometry and thermal neutron detection
SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
LA English
DT Article
DE Fast neutron spectrometry; Thermal neutron detection; Organic
scintillator; Lithium-6; Capture-gated coincidence
ID PULSE-SHAPE DISCRIMINATION; DOUBLE-BETA-DECAY; DARK-MATTER; GE-76
AB The characterization of a liquid scintillator incorporating an aqueous solution of enriched lithium chloride to produce a scintillator with 0.40% Li-6 is presented, including the performance of the scintillator in terms of its optical properties and neutron response. The scintillator was incorporated into a fast neutron spectrometer, and the light output spectra from 2.5 MeV, 14.1 MeV, and Cf-252 neutrons were measured using capture-gated coincidence techniques. The spectrometer was operated without coincidence to perform thermal neutron measurements. Possible improvements in spectrometer performance are discussed. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Bass, C. D.; Heimbach, C. R.; Nico, J. S.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Beise, E. J.; Breuer, H.; Langford, T. J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Langford, T. J.] Univ Maryland, Inst Res Elect & Appl Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Bass, CD (reprint author), Le Moyne Coll, Dept Phys, Syracuse, NY 13214 USA.
EM cbass@jlab.org
FU NSF [PHY-0809696, PHY-0757690]; National Institute of Standards and
Technology American Recovery and Reinvestment Act Measurement Science
and Engineering Fellowship Program through the University of Maryland
[70NANB10H026]
FX The authors acknowledge the support of the National Institute of
Standards and Technology, U.S. Department of Commerce, in providing the
neutron research and chemistry facilities used in this work. This work
is supported in part by NSF PHY-0809696 and NSF PHY-0757690. Tom
Langford acknowledges support under the National Institute of Standards
and Technology American Recovery and Reinvestment Act Measurement
Science and Engineering Fellowship Program Award 70NANB10H026 through
the University of Maryland.
NR 36
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 19
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0969-8043
J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES
JI Appl. Radiat. Isot.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 77
BP 130
EP 138
DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2013.03.053
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology,
Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA 165JR
UT WOS:000320480400021
PM 23608597
ER
PT J
AU DeLorenzo, ME
Danese, LE
Baird, TD
AF DeLorenzo, Marie E.
Danese, Loren E.
Baird, Thomas D.
TI Influence of increasing temperature and salinity on herbicide toxicity
in estuarine phytoplankton
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE climate change; herbicides; toxicity; estuaries; phytoplankton
ID SPECIES DUNALIELLA-TERTIOLECTA; MARINE-PHYTOPLANKTON; MIXTURE TOXICITY;
RISK-ASSESSMENT; ATRAZINE; PESTICIDES; SUBSTANCES
AB Ecological risk assessments are, in part, based on results of toxicity tests conducted under standard exposure conditions. Global climate change will have a wide range of effects on estuarine habitats, including potentially increasing water temperature and salinity, which may alter the risk assessment of estuarine pollutants. We examined the effects of increasing temperature and salinity on the toxicity of common herbicides (irgarol, diuron, atrazine, and ametryn) to the phytoplankton species Dunaliella tertiolecta. Static 96-h algal bioassays were conducted for each herbicide under four exposure scenarios: standard temperature and salinity (25 degrees C, 20 ppt), standard temperature and elevated salinity (25 degrees C, 40 ppt), elevated temperature and standard salinity (35 degrees C, 20 ppt), and elevated temperature and elevated salinity (35 degrees C, 40 ppt). The endpoints assessed were algal cell density at 96 h, growth rate, chlorophyll a content, lipid content, and starch content. Increasing exposure temperature reduced growth rate and 96-h cell density but increased the cellular chlorophyll and lipid concentrations of the control algae. Exposure condition did not alter starch content of control algae. Herbicides were found to decrease growth rate, 96 h cell density, and cellular chlorophyll and lipid concentrations, while starch concentrations increased with herbicide exposure. Herbicide effects under standard test conditions were then compared with those observed under elevated temperature and salinity. Herbicide effects on growth rate, cell density, and starch content were more pronounced under elevated salinity and temperature conditions. To encompass the natural variability in estuarine temperature and salinity, and to account for future changes in climate, toxicity tests should be conducted under a wider range of environmental conditions. (c) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol, 2013.
C1 [DeLorenzo, Marie E.] NOAA, US Dept Commerce, Natl Ocean Serv, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Charleston, SC USA.
[Danese, Loren E.; Baird, Thomas D.] Coll Charleston, Dept Biol, Charleston, SC 29424 USA.
RP DeLorenzo, ME (reprint author), NOAA, US Dept Commerce, Natl Ocean Serv, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Charleston, SC USA.
EM marie.delorenzo@noaa.gov
FU National Science Foundation Research Experiences for Undergraduates
Program [DBI-0552828, IOS-0725245]
FX Contract grant sponsor: National Science Foundation Research Experiences
for Undergraduates Program; Contract grant numbers: DBI-0552828,
IOS-0725245
NR 33
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 5
U2 65
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1520-4081
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL
JI Environ. Toxicol.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 28
IS 7
BP 359
EP 371
DI 10.1002/tox.20726
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology; Water Resources
GA 171PO
UT WOS:000320941700001
PM 21626650
ER
PT J
AU Schils, T
Vroom, PS
Tribollet, AD
AF Schils, Tom
Vroom, Peter S.
Tribollet, Aline D.
TI Geographical partitioning of marine macrophyte assemblages in the
tropical Pacific: a result of local and regional diversity processes
SO JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Coral reefs; cyanobacteria; ecological biogeography; macroalgae; marine
ecoregions; monitoring; Pacific Ocean Islands; seagrasses; species
richness
ID NORTHWESTERN HAWAIIAN-ISLANDS; CORAL-REEFS; PRIMARY PRODUCERS;
PHASE-SHIFTS; PATTERNS; ALGAE; BIODIVERSITY; COMMUNITIES; BAY;
ECOSYSTEMS
AB Aim Various coral reef organisms display distinct gradients in taxonomic turnover throughout the tropical Pacific Ocean. Marine macrophytes are one of the most dominant and ecologically important benthic components of tropical reefs, yet little is known about the ecological biogeography of the macrophyte assemblages throughout this biodiverse region. This study assessed: (1) the geographical clustering of macrophyte assemblages in the tropical Pacific; (2) the environmental/geographical factors that best explain the observed patterns in taxon richness and taxon composition; and (3) the validity of large-scale biogeographical hypotheses with respect to the distribution of macrophyte assemblages. Location Coral reefs of 39 US Pacific islands. Methods Surveys of reef macrophytes for all 39 Pacific islands were conducted from 2004 to 2007. Rank-order data of quadrats were transformed to proportional abundance data in order to compute site averages for each of the 84 macrophyte categories. Further data analysis employed taxon accumulation curves, generalized additive models, and multivariate techniques. Results Pacific macrophyte assemblages displayed consistently higher within-archipelago similarities than between-archipelago similarities, which is reflected in pronounced differences in functional group composition between archipelagos. The maximum land elevation, maximum seasonal sea surface temperature, reef extent, and longitude of the investigated islands were the predictor variables that best described the similarities in macrophyte assemblage structure among islands. Maximum land elevation and reef extent, however, were the two predictor variables that best explained macrophyte richness per island. Main conclusions Macrophyte assemblages of the Pacific Islands cluster in geographical groups, indicative of the importance of evolutionary factors related to dispersal and speciation. Whereas macrophyte assemblage structure is governed by both local (habitat diversity and availability) and regional (geographical and environmental descriptors related to oceanic isolation and latitude) variables, the macrophyte richness of these islands is defined primarily by local habitat diversity and availability. Biogeographical patterns of marine macrophyte assemblages in the tropical Pacific deviate from those of other well-studied marine organisms.
C1 [Schils, Tom] Univ Guam, Marine Lab, UOG Stn, Mangilao, GU 96923 USA.
[Vroom, Peter S.] NOAA, Ocean Associates, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Coral Reef Ecosyst Div, Honolulu, HI 96814 USA.
[Tribollet, Aline D.] Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Inst Rech Dev, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA.
RP Schils, T (reprint author), Univ Guam, Marine Lab, UOG Stn, Mangilao, GU 96923 USA.
EM tom@schils.be
FU NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program
FX We wish to thank Susan Vogt for providing a base map of the Pacific
Islands. Special thanks go to M. L. Dailer, R. Okano, E. Limes and other
members of the CRED team for their assistance in the field. We are
grateful to the crews of the NOAA ships Townsend Cromwell, Oscar Elton
Sette and Hi'ialakai for field support. Funding to PIFSC-CRED for
Pacific RAMP expeditions was provided by the NOAA Coral Reef
Conservation Program. The University of Guam is acknowledged for
providing administrative and logistical support.
NR 54
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 6
U2 46
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0305-0270
EI 1365-2699
J9 J BIOGEOGR
JI J. Biogeogr.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 7
BP 1266
EP 1277
DI 10.1111/jbi.12083
PG 12
WC Ecology; Geography, Physical
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography
GA 161ES
UT WOS:000320175400006
ER
PT J
AU McCartney, MA
Burton, ML
Lima, TG
AF McCartney, Michael A.
Burton, Michael L.
Lima, Thiago G.
TI Mitochondrial DNA differentiation between populations of black sea bass
(Centropristis striata) across Cape Hatteras, North Carolina (USA)
SO JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Cape Hatteras; Centropristis striata; gene flow; mid-Atlantic; migrate;
mitochondrial DNA; phylogeography; range boundary; south Atlantic
ID MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD-ESTIMATION; OF-MEXICO POPULATIONS; MID-ATLANTIC
COAST; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; GEOGRAPHICAL VARIATION; BIOGEOGRAPHIC
DISJUNCTION; GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION; FUNDULUS-HETEROCLITUS; COALESCENT
APPROACH; LARVAL DISPERSAL
AB Aim Phylogeographical breaks' often occur at biogeographical province boundaries, suggesting common causative factors. Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, on the US Atlantic coast, separates water masses of sharply differing temperature and divides the Virginian and Carolinian provinces, but has not often been detected as a phylogeographical break. We studied the black sea bass, Centropristis striata (Linnaeus, 1758), a species with philopatric adults but long-lived planktonic larvae. An earlier study of only two Atlantic populations, and lower-resolution mitochondrial RFLP markers, showed strong separation between the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic, but not across Cape Hatteras. Location Over 300 adults were collected from populations from the Gulf of Mexico, the US south Atlantic (North Carolina south of Cape Hatteras, the east coast of Florida, and South Carolina), and the US mid-Atlantic (North Carolina north of Cape Hatteras, Virginia, Delaware, New Jersey and Massachusetts). Methods We sequenced the mitochondrial control region, analysed DNA sequence and haplotype frequency differentiation and haplotype networks, and performed coalescent analyses of population sizes and migration rates. Results Sequences formed three clusters - Gulf of Mexico, south Atlantic and mid-Atlantic - the Atlantic clusters being divided at Cape Hatteras. Analyses of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that 31% of sequence variation was between populations on opposite sides of Cape Hatteras, while only 5% was between populations on the same side, yet migrate analysis detected asymmetric migration across the Cape, greater from north to south than in the opposite direction. A transitional population with roughly equal frequencies of south and mid-Atlantic haplotypes occupied a narrow stretch between Cape Hatteras and the Virginia border. Main conclusions Strong barriers to gene flow exist between the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic, and across Cape Hatteras. Adult migratory and spawning behaviours that separate mid-Atlantic and south Atlantic populations, limited larval exchange, and selection imposed by thermal gradients are each potentially responsible. In addition, these data indicate that fishery stocks of black sea bass north and south of Cape Hatteras are genetically distinct, supporting their separate management.
C1 [McCartney, Michael A.; Lima, Thiago G.] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Marine Sci, Wilmington, NC 28409 USA.
[Burton, Michael L.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Beaufort Lab, SEFSC, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
RP McCartney, MA (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Ctr Marine Sci, 5600 Marvin Moss Lane, Wilmington, NC 28409 USA.
EM mccartneym@uncw.edu
FU NOAA MARFIN [08MFIH009, 09MFIH009]
FX Many people were involved in collecting black sea bass samples for this
project, including D. Hoke, E. O'Neal and E. Corpeno of the Southeast
Fisheries Science Center (SEFSC), who collected samples dockside; and S.
Rowe of the NOAA NEFSC's Woods Hole Laboratory, for coordinating the
collection of specimens from the Northeast Groundfish cruises. V.
Schmidt and S. Price collected some of the sequence data. C. Collier
provided information on tagging studies from Florida. Melissa Smith
helped greatly with preparation of the figures. We are also grateful to
the editor and three anonymous referees, whose comments greatly improved
this paper. The work was funded by NOAA MARFIN grants 08MFIH009 and
09MFIH009, administered by the Southeast Regional Office (SERO) of the
National Marine Fisheries Service, St Petersburg, Florida.
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PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0305-0270
J9 J BIOGEOGR
JI J. Biogeogr.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 40
IS 7
BP 1386
EP 1398
DI 10.1111/jbi.12103
PG 13
WC Ecology; Geography, Physical
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography
GA 161ES
UT WOS:000320175400016
ER
PT J
AU Adcroft, A
AF Adcroft, Alistair
TI Representation of topography by porous barriers and objective
interpolation of topographic data
SO OCEAN MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE Topography; Objective interpolation; Cut-cells; Finite volume; Tsunami;
Overflow
ID SIMULATIONS; OCEAN; MODEL
AB We present a porous medium approach to representing topography, and a new algorithm for the objective interpolation of topography, for use in ocean circulation models of fixed resolution. The representation and algorithm makes use of two concepts; impermeable thin walls and porous barriers. Impermeable thin walls allow the representation of knife-edge sub-grid-scale barriers that block lateral flow between model grid cells. Porous barriers permit the sub-grid scale geometry to modulate lateral transport as a function of elevation. We find that the porous representation and the resulting interpolated topography retains key features, such as overflow sill depths, without compromising other dynamically relevant aspects, such as mean ocean depth for a cell. The accurate representation of the ocean depth is illustrated in a simple model of a tsunami that has a cross-basin travel time very much less dependent on horizontal resolution than when using conventional topographic interpolation and representation. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
RP Adcroft, A (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, 300 Forrestal Rd,Sayre Hall, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM aadcroft@princeton.edu
RI Adcroft, Alistair/E-5949-2010
OI Adcroft, Alistair/0000-0001-9413-1017
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1463-5003
J9 OCEAN MODEL
JI Ocean Model.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 67
BP 13
EP 27
DI 10.1016/j.ocemod.2013.03.002
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
GA 165IM
UT WOS:000320477100002
ER
PT J
AU Colt, J
Kroeger, E
AF Colt, John
Kroeger, Eric
TI Impact of aeration and alkalinity on the water quality and product
quality of transported tilapia-A simulation study
SO AQUACULTURAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Fish transport; Aeration; Water quality
ID SALMO-GAIRDNERI RICHARDSON; FACTORS AFFECTING SURVIVAL;
OREOCHROMIS-NILOTICUS; RAINBOW-TROUT; NILE FISH; PH; TEMPERATURE;
OXYGEN; EXPOSURE; SYSTEMS
AB The effects of aeration and alkalinity on water quality and product quality of Nile tilapia (Oreochrmis niloticus) were determined for simulated commercial hauling conditions. Three types of aeration were tested: pure oxygen aeration with a fine bubble diffuser (Oxygen), air aeration with medium bubble diffusers (Air), and a combination of both pure oxygen aeration with a fine bubble diffuser and air aeration with a medium bubble diffuser (Mixed). Simulated transport hauls were conducted at two initial alkalinities: 1.74 +/- 0.11 meq/L (Low) and 8.84 +/- 0.55 meq/L (High).
The Air treatments resulted in the lowest carbon dioxide concentration, and the highest pH and un-ionized ammonia concentrations. At high alkalinities, the Air treatments were unable to maintain adequate dissolved oxygen levels. The Mixed treatment resulted in reduced carbon dioxide and dissolved oxygen concentrations. The Oxygen treatment resulted the highest dissolved oxygen, highest carbon dioxide, and lowest pH and un-ionized ammonia. Un-ionized ammonia concentrations were higher with the High Alkalinity treatments because of higher pH. Significant mortality was observed in the Air treatments in both the Low- and High-Alkalinity treatments. Mortality in the Oxygen and Mixed treatments for both low and high alkalinities were comparable to that observed in commercial tilapia transport using fine bubble diffusers and pure oxygen.
These results indicate that mortality due directly to hauling water quality will not be increased at high alkalinity, if pure oxygen aeration is used. The potential effects of water quality during hauling on survival and product quality may be less than the impact from (a) physical damage from loading and un-loading and (b) physiological problems resulting from pH and temperature shock during the transfer from the hauling tanks to retail holding systems, especially for fish of reduced fitness. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Colt, John; Kroeger, Eric] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Colt, J (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM john.colt@noaa.gov
FU Western Regional Aquaculture Center from National Institute for Food &
Agriculture (NIFA) [2008-38500-19230]
FX This project was supported by Western Regional Aquaculture Center Grant
no. 2008-38500-19230 from the USDA Cooperative State Research,
Education, and Extension Service (now the National Institute for Food &
Agriculture (NIFA)). We would like to thank Andrew Dickson, Michael
Stenstrom, and Steward Rounds for advice on analytical protocols.
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0144-8609
J9 AQUACULT ENG
JI Aquac. Eng.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 55
BP 46
EP 58
DI 10.1016/j.aquaeng.2013.03.002
PG 13
WC Agricultural Engineering; Fisheries
SC Agriculture; Fisheries
GA 161TL
UT WOS:000320216100007
ER
PT J
AU Baerum, KM
Haugen, TO
Kiffney, P
Olsen, EM
Vollestad, LA
AF Baerum, Kim M.
Haugen, Thrond O.
Kiffney, Peter
Olsen, Esben Moland
Vollestad, L. Asbjorn
TI Interacting effects of temperature and density on individual growth
performance in a wild population of brown trout
SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE climate change; growth model; population regulation; salmonid;
temperature
ID SALMO-TRUTTA; DEPENDENT GROWTH; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BODY-SIZE; COMPENSATORY
GROWTH; ONCORHYNCHUS-NERKA; WATER TEMPERATURE; SOCKEYE SALMON;
RAINBOW-TROUT; FOOD QUALITY
AB Growth is a key life-history trait linked to population regulation in fishes and may be influenced by biotic and abiotic factors such as density and temperature. Exploring how growth performance is altered by such factors in the wild will aid our understanding of how climate change might influence fish populations. We explore the interactions between temperature and density on growth in a stream-resident brown trout (Salmo trutta) population by comparing observed individual growth rates with predicted rates, at maximum rations, as a function of natural variation in water temperature in a small, cold (average temp summer <11 degrees C) stream in south-east Norway. Variation in relative growth performance of resident brown trout was analysed using a linear mixed-model approach based on a 9-year-long time series of mark-recapture data that yielded 1043 individual growth rate estimates for the summer seasons. Observed growth rates never exceeded 60% of predicted growth. Density and temperature interacted in a non-additive and complex way as controlling agents of growth performance, where a general positive effect of temperature minimised an apparent negative effect of density. We also found an interaction between age and density, where young fish were more negatively affected by density than older fish. Individuals that were small for their age showed evidence of compensatory growth. As our system appears to be strongly resource limited and temperature seems to facilitate relative growth performance, we argue that the negative density effect is mitigated by increased food supply when temperature increases during the summer growth season. Further, the positive effect of temperature on growth appeared minimal at low densities, suggesting an unmeasured factor (e.g. food quality) was limiting some of the growth potential. Our results help elucidate potential effects of temperature changes on brown trout in a small and cold stream, where the positive influence of temperature is more pronounced at high fish densities.
C1 [Baerum, Kim M.; Haugen, Thrond O.; Kiffney, Peter] Hedmark Univ Coll, Fac Appl Ecol & Agr Sci, NO-2418 Elverum, Norway.
[Baerum, Kim M.; Olsen, Esben Moland; Vollestad, L. Asbjorn] Univ Oslo, Dept Biosci, CEES, Oslo, Norway.
[Haugen, Thrond O.] Norwegian Univ Life Sci, Dept Ecol & Nat Resource Management, As, Norway.
[Kiffney, Peter] NOAA, Fish Ecol Div, Watershed Program, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv,Northwest Fisheries Sc, Mukilteo, WA USA.
[Olsen, Esben Moland] Inst Marine Res, His, Norway.
RP Baerum, KM (reprint author), Hedmark Univ Coll, Fac Appl Ecol & Agr Sci, POB 400, NO-2418 Elverum, Norway.
EM kim.barum@hihm.no
RI Olsen, Esben/B-1894-2012; Gebauer, Radek/G-6749-2015
OI Olsen, Esben/0000-0003-3807-7524;
FU Norwegian Research Council
FX We thank the Norwegian Research Council for financial support. We are
most grateful to L. Crozier, P. Roni and two anonymous reviewers for
constructive comments and valuable reviews of the manuscript. We also
thank the large number of graduate students who have participated in
fieldwork over the years.
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PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0046-5070
EI 1365-2427
J9 FRESHWATER BIOL
JI Freshw. Biol.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 58
IS 7
BP 1329
EP 1339
DI 10.1111/fwb.12130
PG 11
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 158CK
UT WOS:000319946000003
ER
PT J
AU Stewart, KR
James, MC
Roden, S
Dutton, PH
AF Stewart, Kelly R.
James, Michael C.
Roden, Suzanne
Dutton, Peter H.
TI Assignment tests, telemetry and tag-recapture data converge to identify
natal origins of leatherback turtles foraging in Atlantic Canadian
waters
SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE combine methods; homing; international; migrations; stock structure;
validation
ID UNRAVELING MIGRATORY CONNECTIVITY; WHITE-CAPPED ALBATROSSES;
DERMOCHELYS-CORIACEA; SEA-TURTLES; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; CONSERVATION
IMPLICATIONS; GENOTYPING ERRORS; CENTRAL-AMERICA; MOVEMENTS; WORLDS
AB Investigating migratory connectivity between breeding and foraging areas is critical to effective management and conservation of highly mobile marine taxa, particularly threatened, endangered, or economically important species that cross through regional, national and international boundaries. The leatherback turtle (Dermochelys coriacea, Vandelli 1761) is one such transboundary species that spends time at breeding areas at low latitudes in the northwest Atlantic during spring and summer. From there, they migrate widely throughout the North Atlantic, but many show fidelity to one region off eastern Canada, where critical foraging habitat has been proposed. Our goal was to identify nesting beach origins for turtles foraging here. Using genetics, we identified natal beaches for 288 turtles that were live-captured off the coast of Nova Scotia, Canada. Turtles were sampled (skin or blood) and genotyped using 17 polymorphic microsatellite markers. Results from three assignment testing programs (ONCOR, GeneClass2 and Structure) were compared. Our nesting population reference data set included 1417 individuals from nine Atlantic nesting assemblages. A supplementary data set for 83 foraging turtles traced to nesting beaches using flipper tags and/or PIT tags (n=72), or inferred from satellite telemetry (n=11), enabled ground-truthing of the assignments. We first assigned turtles using only genetic information and then used the supplementary recapture information to verify assignments. ONCOR performed best, assigning 64 of the 83 recaptured turtles to natal beaches (77 center dot 1%). Turtles assigned to Trinidad (164), French Guiana (72), Costa Rica (44), St. Croix (7), and Florida (1) reflect the relative size of those nesting populations, although none of the turtles were assigned to four other potential source nesting assemblages. Our results demonstrate the utility of genetic approaches for determining source populations of foraging marine animals and include the first identification of natal rookeries of male leatherbacks, identified through satellite telemetry and verified with genetics. This work highlights the importance of long-term monitoring and tagging programmes in nesting and high-use foraging areas. Moreover, it provides a scientific basis for evaluating stock-specific effects of fisheries on migratory marine species, thus identifying where coordinated international recovery efforts may be most effective.
C1 [Stewart, Kelly R.; Roden, Suzanne; Dutton, Peter H.] NOAA, Protected Resources Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[James, Michael C.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Biol, Halifax, NS B3H 4J1, Canada.
[James, Michael C.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Bedford Inst Oceanog, Populat Ecol Div, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada.
RP Stewart, KR (reprint author), NOAA, Protected Resources Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM kelly.stewart@noaa.gov
FU Canadian Wildlife Federation; Environment Canada; Fisheries and Oceans
Canada; George Cedric Metcalf Foundation; Habitat Stewardship Program
for Species at Risk; National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (USA);
National Marine Fisheries Service (USA); Natural Sciences and
Engineering Research Council of Canada; World Wildlife Fund Canada;
Marine Turtle Genetics Program; NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center
FX Fieldwork in Canada was conducted in association with the Canadian Sea
Turtle Network, and in accordance with guidelines of the Canadian
Council on Animal Care, with review and approval by the Dalhousie
University Animal Care Committee (permit numbers 00-008, 02-053, 04-055,
06-069, 07-077, 08-077, 09-069 and 11-073) and Fisheries and Oceans
Canada (licence and permit numbers 2001-425, 2002-550, 2003-534,
2004519, MAR-SA-2004-004, 2005-557, MAR-SA-2006-006, 2006-526,
MAR-SA-2006-006, 2007-024, MAR-SA-2007-006, 2008-454, MAR-SA-2008-006,
323395, 323398, 326240 and 332697). Samples were imported into the USA
over a span of 10 years under CITES permit 844694/9 and were archived in
the NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center Marine Mammal and Turtle
Molecular Research Sample Collection. Funding for associated research in
Canada was provided by the Canadian Wildlife Federation, Environment
Canada, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, George Cedric Metcalf Foundation,
Habitat Stewardship Program for Species at Risk, National Fish and
Wildlife Foundation (USA), National Marine Fisheries Service (USA),
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, and World
Wildlife Fund Canada. We gratefully acknowledge S. Craig, B. Fricker, H.
Fricker, J. Fricker, W. George, B. Mitchell, and M. Nicholson for
assistance with sample collection at sea. Thanks are also due to D.
Archibald, L. Bennett, C. Harvey-Clark and K. Martin for assistance with
strandings response and sample preparation. Ground-truthing of
assignments would not have been possible without the generous sharing of
tagging and tag-recapture data from the following organizations: Archie
Carr Center for Sea Turtle Research, Anguilla Department of Fisheries,
Asociacion ANAI, Association KWATA, Biotopic, Centre National de la
Recherche Scientifique (France), Endangered Wildlife Trust, Fishing Pond
Turtle Conservation Group, Grande Riviere Nature Tour Guide Association,
Grupo para la Conservacion de Tortugas Marinas Chibiqui, Grupo de
Trabajo en Tortugas Marinas de Nueva Esparta, Guyana Marine Turtle
Conservation Society, Institute for Tropical Ecology and Conservation,
Loggerhead Marinelife Centre, Nature Seekers, NC-IUCN Leatherback
Monitoring and Research Project, Ocean Spirits, Pacuare Nature Reserve,
Puerto Rico Department of Natural and Environmental Resources, Sea
Turtle Conservancy, Team GILA, WIDE-CAST, WWF Netherlands, and World
Wildlife Fund France. At the Southwest Fisheries Science Center, we
acknowledge the support of the Marine Turtle Genetics Program and we
woud like to thank G. Serra-Valente, A. Jue, A. Frey and E. LaCasella
for processing the Canadian samples in the lab and R. LeRoux, A. Bowman,
V. Pease and B. MacDonald for technical and logistical assistance. We
are grateful to K. Martien, M. Jensen and B. Perrin for providing
comments that improved the quality of the manuscript as well as the
thoughtful insights of three anonymous reviewers. The analysis of
genetic samples and preparation of results was performed whereas one
author (K.R.S.) held a National Research Council Research Associateship
Award at the NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center.
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SN 0021-8790
J9 J ANIM ECOL
JI J. Anim. Ecol.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 82
IS 4
BP 791
EP 803
DI 10.1111/1365-2656.12056
PG 13
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 164DI
UT WOS:000320388700008
PM 23464527
ER
PT J
AU Schwarz, LK
Goebel, ME
Costa, DP
Kilpatrick, AM
AF Schwarz, Lisa K.
Goebel, Michael E.
Costa, Daniel P.
Kilpatrick, A. Marm
TI Top-down and bottom-up influences on demographic rates of Antarctic fur
seals Arctocephalus gazella
SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Antarctic Oscillation; Cormack Jolly Seber; detection probability; El
Nino Southern Oscillation; pinniped; Shetland Islands; Southern Annular
Mode; tag loss
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; RECAPTURE DATA; NATIONAL-PARK;
LEOPARD SEAL; PREDATION; SURVIVAL; PUP; MORTALITY; PENGUINS
AB Two major drivers in population dynamics are bottom-up processes, such as environmental factors that affect foraging success, and the top-down impacts of predation. Many populations of marine mammal and seabird species appear to be declining in response to reductions in prey associated with the bottom-up effects of climate change. However, predation, which usually occurs at sea and is difficult to observe, may also play a key role. We analysed drivers of population dynamics of Antarctic fur seals Arctocephalus gazella at Cape Shirreff from 1997 to 2009, including a predator that targets pre-weaned pups and bottom-up environmental effects in an ecosystem particularly sensitive to small changes in temperature. We use Bayesian mark-recapture analysis to demonstrate that although large-scale environmental variability affects annual adult survival and reproduction, first year survival appears to be driving the current decline in this population (as defined by a decline in the annual number of pups born). Although the number of pups increased during the first third of the study, first year survival and recruitment of those pups in later years was very low. Such low survival may be driven by leopard seal Hydrurga leptonyx predation, particularly prior to weaning. Our results suggest that without leopard seal predation, this population would most likely increase in size, despite the observed bottom-up effects of climate changes on adult vital rates. More broadly, our results show how age-targeted predation could be a major factor in population decline of K-selected colonial breeders.
C1 [Schwarz, Lisa K.; Costa, Daniel P.; Kilpatrick, A. Marm] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Goebel, Michael E.] NOAA, Antarctic Ecosyst Res Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Schwarz, LK (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
EM Schwarz@biology.ucsc.edu
FU NSF Office of Polar Programs grant [ANT-0838937]
FX Data were collected by researchers and technicians at NOAA, Southwest
Fisheries Science Center, Antarctic Ecosystem Research Division.
Research was conducted under MMPA permit 774-1847 to the U.S. AMLR
Program. Data collection was also supported by the NSF Office of Polar
Programs grant ANT-0838937. Analysis and manuscript preparation was
supported by the E & P Sound and Marine Life Joint Industry Project of
the International Association of Oil and Gas Producers.
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SN 0021-8790
EI 1365-2656
J9 J ANIM ECOL
JI J. Anim. Ecol.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 82
IS 4
BP 903
EP 911
DI 10.1111/1365-2656.12059
PG 9
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 164DI
UT WOS:000320388700019
PM 23444975
ER
PT J
AU Kelly, KA
Dong, SF
AF Kelly, Kathryn A.
Dong, Shenfu
TI The contributions of atmosphere and ocean to North Atlantic Subtropical
Mode Water volume anomalies
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Water masses; Heat loss; Mixing processes; Subduction; Advection;
Subtropical Mode Water
ID SEA HEAT FLUXES; DECADAL VARIABILITY; GULF-STREAM; PACIFIC; CIRCULATION;
VENTILATION; ALTIMETRY
AB Subtropical Mode Water (STMW) in the western North Atlantic Ocean, or Eighteen Degree Water (EDW), as it is commonly known, is formed near the Gulf Stream in the wintertime, is dissipated by mixing and is removed by subduction. The ability of EDW to store and discharge large quantities of heat over periods of several years contributes to the memory of the climate system. To complement the 2-year field and modeling program of the CLIvar MOde Water Dynamics Experiment (CLIMODE) with a perspective of interannual-to-decadal variability (1985-2007), we used a simple box model to hindcast observed EDW volume anomalies in two regions: one in which EDW is formed and an adjacent region of subducted EDW. Estimates of the relative contributions of heat flux anomalies, vertical mixing from Ekman advection, mixing, and circulation are examined using proxy variables derived from winds, sea surface temperature, hydrographic data and altimetric sea level. The importance of each process is evaluated by its contribution to observed EDW volume anomalies in two regions. The study produced some robust conclusions: (1) anomalies of formation by surface heat fluxes are clearly reflected in EDW volume anomalies with some contributions by Ekman advection; (2) of the newly formed EDW about 65% is lost by mixing and about 35% is transferred to the subducted region; (3) mixing losses are well parameterized by the meandering of the nearby GS and (4) transfer and losses from the subducted region can be parameterized by the geostrophic surface flow. (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kelly, Kathryn A.] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Dong, Shenfu] Univ Miami, CIMAS, Miami, FL USA.
[Dong, Shenfu] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Kelly, KA (reprint author), Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Box 355640, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM kkelly@apl.washington.edu
RI Dong, Shenfu/I-4435-2013
OI Dong, Shenfu/0000-0001-8247-8072
FU National Science Foundation [0960648, 0958548]; National Aeronautics and
Space Administration [NN08AR30G]; NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and
Meteorological Laboratory
FX Our work benefited from many conversations and the sharing of
information with other CLIMODE investigators, in particular, Terry
Joyce, Young-Oh Kwon and Leif Thomas. Suggestions from three anonymous
reviewers greatly improved the text. Data sources are listed in Table 1.
K.A.K. was supported by the National Science Foundation through grant
0960648 (CLIMODE analysis) and by the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration through grant NN08AR30G (Ocean Surface Topography Science
Team). S.D. was supported by the National Science Foundation through
grant 0958548 (CLIMODE analysis) and NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and
Meteorological Laboratory.
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SN 0967-0645
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr.
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 91
SI SI
BP 111
EP 127
DI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.02.020
PG 17
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 160WI
UT WOS:000320150800009
ER
PT J
AU Roswell, CR
Pothoven, SA
Hook, TO
AF Roswell, Charles R.
Pothoven, Steven A.
Hoeoek, Tomas O.
TI Spatio-temporal, ontogenetic and interindividual variation of age-0
diets in a population of yellow perch
SO ECOLOGY OF FRESHWATER FISH
LA English
DT Article
DE perch; ontogenetic shift; niche; diet selection; specialization
ID WESTERN LAKE-ERIE; ONEIDA-LAKE; SAGINAW BAY; NEW-YORK; FOOD-WEB;
BEHAVIORAL MECHANISMS; DREISSENA-POLYMORPHA; WINTER MORTALITY; GIZZARD
SHAD; WHITE PERCH
AB Dietary niches of fishes have traditionally been evaluated at the population level, with diet pattern central tendencies compared spatio-temporally among habitats and populations. More recently, however, studies have emphasised the importance of within-population diet variation and niche partitioning. Several studies have examined diets of young yellow perch (Perca flavescens) at the population level and have described an ontogenetic transition from zooplankton to benthic prey during the first year of life. However, independent of ontogenetic diet shifts, intrapopulation variation of young yellow perch diets remains largely unexplored. We quantified patterns of diet composition in age-0 yellow perch collected from Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron, USA during July-October, 2009 and 2010. We observed substantial variation in diet composition among individuals across and within sites, but found relatively weak evidence indicating an ontogenetic diet shift. Zooplankton were the dominant prey for age-0 yellow perch on most occasions, and individual diets were composed primarily of either zooplankton (e.g. Daphnia spp., Calanoida) or benthic (i.e. Chironomidae larvae, Chydoridae) prey. These patterns were not simply attributable to differences in prey availability and ontogenetic diet shifts, because a) not only diet composition, but also prey selectivity (Chesson's ) varied among sites and b) individual and spatial diet differences were evident independent of ontogeny. Within-cohort differences in diet composition may be an important, but often overlooked, phenomenon with implications for cumulative trophic interactions and intracohort growth and survival among young fish.
C1 [Roswell, Charles R.; Hoeoek, Tomas O.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Pothoven, Steven A.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Muskegon, MI USA.
[Hoeoek, Tomas O.] Purdue Univ, Illinois Indiana Sea Grant, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Hook, TO (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, 195 Marsteller St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
EM thook@purdue.edu
OI Pothoven, Steven/0000-0002-7992-5422
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) Center for
Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research
FX Numerous individuals assisted with field collections and laboratory
analyses, including: J. Cavaletto, B. Coggins, C. Foley, S. Lyttle, J.
Militello, A. Roswell, A. Spikes, J. Workman, and many undergraduate
laboratory assistants. Members of the Hook laboratory group provided
valuable feedback. This study was funded by the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean
Research. This is NOAA-GLERL contribution 1654.
NR 78
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 3
U2 51
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0906-6691
EI 1600-0633
J9 ECOL FRESHW FISH
JI Ecol. Freshw. Fish
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 22
IS 3
BP 479
EP 493
DI 10.1111/eff.12041
PG 15
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 157CI
UT WOS:000319872900013
ER
PT J
AU Lee, YJ
Boynton, WR
Li, M
Li, Y
AF Lee, Younjoo J.
Boynton, Walter R.
Li, Ming
Li, Yun
TI Role of Late Winter-Spring Wind Influencing Summer Hypoxia in Chesapeake
Bay
SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Estuary; Dissolved oxygen; Summer hypoxia; Chesapeake Bay; Late
winter-spring wind; Climate variability
ID PARTIALLY STRATIFIED ESTUARY; NORTH-ATLANTIC OSCILLATION; LONG-ISLAND
SOUND; DISSOLVED-OXYGEN; SALINITY VARIABILITY; SYNOPTIC CLIMATOLOGY;
SUSQUEHANNA RIVER; PHYTOPLANKTON; CIRCULATION; DISCHARGE
AB We examined the processes influencing summer hypoxia in the mainstem portion of Chesapeake Bay. The analysis was based on the Chesapeake Bay Monitoring Program data collected between 1985 and 2007. Self-organizing map (SOM) analysis indicates that bottom water dissolved oxygen (DO) starts to be depleted in the upper mesohaline area during late spring, and hypoxia expands down-estuary by early summer. The seasonal hypoxia in the bay appears to be related to multiple variables, (e.g., river discharge, nutrient loading, stratification, phytoplankton biomass, and wind condition), but most of them are intercorrelated. The winter-spring Susquehanna River flow contributes to not only spring-summer buoyancy effects on estuarine circulation dynamics but also nutrient loading from the land-promoting phytoplankton growth. In addition, we found that summer hypoxia is significantly correlated with the late winter-spring (February-April) northeasterly-southwesterly (NE-SW) wind. Based on winter-spring (January-May) conditions, a predictive tool was developed to forecast summer (June-August) hypoxia using river discharge and NE-SW wind. We hypothesized that the late winter-spring wind pattern may affect the transport of spring bloom biomass to the western shoal or the deep channel of the bay that either alleviates or increases the summer hypoxic volume in the midbay region, respectively. To examine this hypothesis, residual flow fields were analyzed using a hydrodynamic ocean model (Regional Ocean Modeling System; ROMS) between 2000 and 2003, two hydrologically similar years but years with different wind conditions during the spring bloom period. Simulation model results suggest that relatively larger amounts of organic matter could be transported into the deep channel in 2003 (severe hypoxia; frequent northeasterly wind) than 2000 (moderate hypoxia; frequent southwesterly wind).
C1 [Lee, Younjoo J.; Li, Ming] Univ Maryland, Horn Point Lab, Ctr Environm Sci, Cambridge, MD 21613 USA.
[Boynton, Walter R.] Univ Maryland, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Ctr Environm Sci, Solomons, MD 20688 USA.
[Li, Yun] NOAA, NMFS, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Li, Yun] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Biol, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Lee, YJ (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Horn Point Lab, Ctr Environm Sci, 2020 Horns Point Rd, Cambridge, MD 21613 USA.
EM ylee@umces.edu
RI Li, Ming/B-3485-2015; Li, Yun/F-5944-2015;
OI Li, Ming/0000-0003-1492-4127; Lee, Younjoo/0000-0002-2869-9680
FU U.S. Department of Commerce; NOAA Coastal Hypoxia Research Program
[NA07NOS4780191]; Maryland Department of Natural Resources [K00B3400004
RAT-5/12-376]
FX We thank Dr. Kmazima M. M. Lwiza for valuable discussions and two
anonymous reviewers for thoughtful comments. We also thank Jeremy Testa
and Dong-Yoon Lee for helpful suggestions. This work was supported by
the U.S. Department of Commerce, NOAA Coastal Hypoxia Research Program
(NA07NOS4780191) and the Maryland Department of Natural Resources
(K00B3400004 RAT-5/12-376). This article is contribution number 4726 of
the University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science.
NR 63
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 46
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1559-2723
EI 1559-2731
J9 ESTUAR COAST
JI Estuaries Coasts
PD JUL
PY 2013
VL 36
IS 4
BP 683
EP 696
DI 10.1007/s12237-013-9592-5
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 157FW
UT WOS:000319882400002
ER
EF