FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™
VR 1.0
PT J
AU McFee, WE
Adams, JD
Fair, PA
Bossart, GD
AF McFee, Wayne E.
Adams, Jeffrey D.
Fair, Patricia A.
Bossart, Gregory D.
TI Age Distribution and Growth of Two Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops
truncatus) Populations from Capture-Release Studies in the Southeastern
United States
SO AQUATIC MAMMALS
LA English
DT Article
DE asymptotic growth; age distribution; capture-release study; bottlenose
dolphins; Tursiops truncatus
ID INDIAN RIVER LAGOON; FLORIDA; REPRODUCTION; USA; LOBOMYCOSIS; PACIFIC;
OBESITY; WEIGHT; SYSTEM; OCEAN
AB Information regarding the growth parameters of wild bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) is sparse despite increased captures of wild bottlenose dolphins for research over the last two decades. The present study investigated age distribution and growth parameters (e. g., length, age, body-mass index [BMI], mass, and girth) of dolphins examined during health assessment studies performed from 2003 to 2007 in the Indian River Lagoon (IRL), Florida, and Charleston Estuary (CHS), South Carolina. Age distributions of 94 dolphins from the IRL and 71 dolphins from CHS showed that significantly younger dolphins were caught in the IRL than in the CHS, though this may be a sampling issue. CHS female dolphins reached a higher girth asymptote than IRL females, whereas both IRL sexes attained higher mass asymptotes than their CHS counterparts. No significant differences in BMI, mass, or girth were detected between IRL and CHS dolphins when accounting for age. Male growth rates obtained from longitudinal data showed IRL dolphins exceeded growth rates of CHS dolphins throughout life. IRL dolphins captured in the northern region of the IRL showed significantly lower mean BMI, mass, and girth than their counterparts captured in the central and southern IRL. While this study demonstrated the varied growth patterns of wild bottlenose dolphins between two geographically separate populations, continued use of longitudinal data on growth parameters may provide for more subtle variations in growth between populations.
C1 [McFee, Wayne E.; Adams, Jeffrey D.; Fair, Patricia A.] NOAA, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Natl Ocean Serv, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Bossart, Gregory D.] Harbor Branch Oceanog Inst Inc, Div Marine Mammal Res & Conservat, Ft Pierce, FL 34946 USA.
RP McFee, WE (reprint author), NOAA, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Natl Ocean Serv, 219 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
EM wayne.mcfee@noaa.gov
FU Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution; NOAA
FX The project was administered under a permit granted by the National
Marine Fisheries Service, Permit Number 998-1678, issued to Dr. Gregory
Bossart. Funding for the project came from the Harbor Branch
Oceanographic Institution's "Florida Protect Wild Dolphins" program and
the NOAA's Marine Mammal Health and Stranding Response Program. The
authors would like to thank all of the staff members who contributed to
the HERA project, especially Stephen McCulloch, Eric Zolman, Larry
Hansen, Juli Goldstein, Rene Verela, and Forrest Townsend. Len Balthis,
Paul Pennington, Leslie Burdett, and Suzanne Lane assisted with
statistical analysis.
NR 34
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 26
PU EUROPEAN ASSOC AQUATIC MAMMALS
PI MOLINE
PA C/O DR JEANETTE THOMAS, BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, WESTERN ILLIONIS UNIV-QUAD
CITIES, 3561 60TH STREET, MOLINE, IL 61265 USA
SN 0167-5427
J9 AQUAT MAMM
JI Aquat. Mamm.
PY 2012
VL 38
IS 1
BP 17
EP 30
DI 10.1578/AM.38.1.2012.17
PG 14
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 952TB
UT WOS:000304814200002
ER
PT J
AU Martinson, EC
Stokes, HH
Scarnecchia, DL
AF Martinson, Ellen C.
Stokes, Houston H.
Scarnecchia, Dennis L.
TI Use of juvenile salmon growth and temperature change indices to predict
groundfish post age-0 yr class strengths in the Gulf of Alaska and
eastern Bering Sea
SO FISHERIES OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Bering Sea; groundfish; Gulf of Alaska; indicators; salmon
ID POLLOCK THERAGRA-CHALCOGRAMMA; OSCILLATING CONTROL HYPOTHESIS; WALLEYE
POLLOCK; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PINK SALMON; ONCORHYNCHUS-GORBUSCHA;
CARRYING-CAPACITY; SOCKEYE-SALMON; ECOSYSTEM; RECRUITMENT
AB Juvenile marine growth (SW1) of salmon and a new temperature change (TC) index were evaluated as ecosystem indicators and predictors for the post age-0 year class strength (YCS) of groundfish in the Gulf of Alaska (GOA) and eastern Bering Sea (EBS). Our hypothesis was that SW1, as measured on the scales of adult Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.), is a proxy for ocean productivity on the continental shelf, a rearing area for young salmon and groundfish. Less negative TC index values are the result of a cool late summer followed by a warm spring, conditions favorable for groundfish YCS. In the GOA, SW1 was a positive predictor of age-1 pollock (Theragra chalcogramma), but not age-2 sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria) YCS, indicating that the growth of the Karluk River sockeye salmon that enter Shelikof Strait is a proxy for ocean conditions experienced by age-0 pollock. Contrary to our hypotheses, the TC index was a negative predictor of GOA pollock YCS; and the SW1 a negative predictor of EBS pollock and cod YCS since the 1980s. Recent fisheries oceanography survey results provide insight into possible mechanisms to support the inverse SW1 and YCS relationship. For the EBS, the TC index was a significant positive predictor for pollock and cod YCS, supporting the hypothesis that a cool late summer followed by a warm spring maximizes the over-wintering survival of pollock and cod (Gadus macrocephalus), especially since the 1980s. The TC and SW1 index showed value for the assessment of pollock and cod, but not sablefish.
C1 [Martinson, Ellen C.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Auke Bay Labs, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Stokes, Houston H.] Univ Illinois, Dept Econ, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
[Scarnecchia, Dennis L.] Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Resources, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
RP Martinson, EC (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Auke Bay Labs, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, 17109 Point Lena Loop Rd, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
EM ellen.martinson@noaa.gov
NR 39
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1054-6006
J9 FISH OCEANOGR
JI Fish Oceanogr.
PY 2012
VL 21
IS 4
BP 307
EP 319
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2012.00626.x
PG 13
WC Fisheries; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Oceanography
GA 952US
UT WOS:000304819100007
ER
PT J
AU Pirkl, RJ
Remley, KA
AF Pirkl, Ryan J.
Remley, Kate A.
TI MIMO Channel Capacity in 2D and 3D Isotropic Environments
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION
LA English
DT Article
ID ANTENNAS; CHAMBER; FIELDS
AB We analyze theoretical distributions of MIMO channel capacity for different antennas in 2D and 3D statistically isotropic environments, which may be generated by multiprobe anechoic and reverberation chambers, respectively. We observe that the two environments yield comparable capacity distributions provided that (1) the 2D statistically isotropic environment's capacity data are taken at many different antenna orientations and (2) the radiation elements have a low directivity. When these conditions are met, we find that the relative error between the 2D statistically isotropic environment's orientation-combined capacity distribution and the 3D statistically isotropic environment's capacity distribution is typically less than 10% for signal-to-noise ratios greater than 5 dB.
C1 [Pirkl, Ryan J.; Remley, Kate A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, RF Fields Grp, Electromagnet Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Pirkl, RJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, RF Fields Grp, Electromagnet Div, 325 Broadway St,MS 818-02, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM ryan.pirkl@nist.gov
OI Pirkl, Ryan/0000-0001-8803-3154
FU National Research Council
FX The authors acknowledge the cochair of CTIA's MIMO OTA Subgroup (MOSG),
Scott Prather of AT&T Wireless, and the lead designer of the the CTIA
MIMO reference antennas, Istvan Szini of Motorola Mobility, for
providing the complex radiation pattern data for the CTIA MIMO reference
antennas. This work was supported by a National Research Council
Postdoctoral Research Associateship.
NR 25
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 7
PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION
PI NEW YORK
PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA
SN 1687-5869
J9 INT J ANTENN PROPAG
JI Int. J. Antennas Propag.
PY 2012
AR 676405
DI 10.1155/2012/676405
PG 11
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 954PK
UT WOS:000304958900001
ER
PT J
AU Wittmann, RC
Stubenrauch, CF
Francis, MH
AF Wittmann, Ronald C.
Stubenrauch, Carl F.
Francis, Michael H.
TI Using Truncated Data Sets in Spherical-Scanning Antenna Measurements
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION
LA English
DT Article
ID NEAR-FIELD
AB We discuss the the mitigation of truncation errors in spherical-scanning measurements by use of a constrained least-squares estimation method. The main emphasis is the spherical harmonic representation of probe transmitting and receiving functions; however, our method is applicable to near-field measurement of electrically small antennas for which full-sphere data are either unreliable or unavailable.
C1 [Wittmann, Ronald C.; Stubenrauch, Carl F.; Francis, Michael H.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Electromagnet Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Wittmann, RC (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Electromagnet Div, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM wittmannrc@gmail.com
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION
PI NEW YORK
PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA
SN 1687-5869
J9 INT J ANTENN PROPAG
JI Int. J. Antennas Propag.
PY 2012
AR 979846
DI 10.1155/2012/979846
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 954SB
UT WOS:000304966000001
ER
PT J
AU Flores, HS
Wikfors, GH
Dam, HG
AF Flores, Hayley S.
Wikfors, Gary H.
Dam, Hans G.
TI Reactive oxygen species are linked to the toxicity of the dinoflagellate
Alexandrium spp. to protists
SO AQUATIC MICROBIAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Alexandrium; Ciliate; Harmful algae; Heterotrophic dinoflagellate;
Polykrikos kofoidii; Reactive oxygen species; Tiarina fusus
ID CHATTONELLA-MARINA RAPHIDOPHYCEAE; PARALYTIC SHELLFISH TOXIN; FREE
FATTY-ACIDS; RED-TIDE; TINTINNID CILIATE; ALLELOCHEMICAL INTERACTIONS;
COCHLODINIUM-POLYKRIKOIDES; FAVELLA-TARAIKAENSIS; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE;
ALGAL BLOOM
AB Short-term experiments were conducted to examine the response of the ciliate Tiarina fusus and the heterotrophic dinoflagellate Polykrikos kofoidii to 3 strains in the Alexandrium tamarense species complex, each with a different paralytic shellfish toxin (PST) content. Both protist species fed on all 3 Alexandrium strains, but significant mortality occurred within 24 h of initial exposure to high densities of each dinoflagellate isolate. Protist mortality was not related, however, to the PST content of the Alexandrium strains, indicating a different mechanism of toxicity. Exposure of T. fusus to cell-free culture filtrates or cell extracts did not cause significant ciliate mortality. In contrast, significant mortality occurred when ciliates were separated physically from a live Alexandrium sp. culture by a 10 mu m nylon mesh, suggesting that the toxicity is dependent upon the viability of the Alexandrium spp. cells but does not require physical contact or ingestion. Addition of antioxidant compounds significantly increased the survival of both protist species when exposed to Alexandrium, suggesting that reactive oxygen species and/or the secondary compounds produced by ROS-induced lipid peroxidation are involved in the toxicity of Alexandrium spp. to ciliates and heterotrophic dinoflagellates. This mechanism of toxicity is previously unknown for Alexandrium spp. and may play an important role in bloom dynamics and toxin transfer within the food web.
C1 [Flores, Hayley S.; Dam, Hans G.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Marine Sci, Groton, CT 06340 USA.
[Wikfors, Gary H.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Milford, CT 06460 USA.
RP Dam, HG (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Marine Sci, 1080 Shennecossett Rd, Groton, CT 06340 USA.
EM hans.dam@uconn.edu
RI Dam, Hans/A-9723-2015
OI Dam, Hans/0000-0001-6121-5038
FU NOAA; Oceans and Human Health Initiative [NA06NOS4780249]; NSF
[OCE-0648126, OCE-1130284]
FX We thank G. McManus for the Tiarina fusus culture. Funding was provided
by grants from NOAA, including an Oceans and Human Health Initiative
grant for the Interdisciplinary Research and Training Initiative on
Coastal Ecosystems and Human Health (I-RICH), which provided a
postdoctoral fellowship to H. S. F., and grant (NA06NOS4780249). Support
during the writing phase of this project was also provided by NSF grants
(OCE-0648126 and OCE-1130284). This is ECOHAB contribution number 686.
NR 63
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 29
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0948-3055
J9 AQUAT MICROB ECOL
JI Aquat. Microb. Ecol.
PY 2012
VL 66
IS 2
BP 199
EP 209
DI 10.3354/ame01570
PG 11
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Microbiology
GA 950RB
UT WOS:000304665300008
ER
PT J
AU Colburn, LL
Jepson, M
AF Colburn, Lisa L.
Jepson, Michael
TI Social Indicators of Gentrification Pressure in Fishing Communities: A
Context for Social Impact Assessment
SO COASTAL MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE fishing communities; gentrification; social impact assessment; social
indicators
ID ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS; JOB-SATISFACTION; RESILIENCE; FISHERMEN;
VULNERABILITY
AB The use of social indicators in this analysis of coastal communities enhances the evaluation of the combined impacts of changes in fisheries management regulations and gentrification for fisheries social impact assessments. Increasing population pressure, declining fish stocks, and the attractiveness of natural amenities have all led to demographic shifts and economic transformations for many coastal communities dependent on fishing. This impact of "gentrification" on the commercial fishing industry often precipitates a move toward non-marine based economies that can displace local residents and their dependence on fishing as a way of life with resulting impacts to local economies and cultures. Drawing on the United States Census, National Marine Fisheries Service, and other secondary data sources, social indicators were developed for 2,948 coastal communities in the Eastern United States and Gulf Coast and were used to evaluate gentrification pressure in select communities highly engaged in fishing. We anticipate this methodology, when groundtruthed and then combined with time-series assessments, will lead to improvements in the assessment of fishing community vulnerability and resilience for the conduct of fisheries social impact assessments.
C1 [Colburn, Lisa L.] NOAA, Fisheries Serv, NE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Narragansett, RI 02840 USA.
[Jepson, Michael] NOAA, Fisheries Serv, SE Reg Off, St Petersburg, FL USA.
RP Colburn, LL (reprint author), NOAA, Fisheries Serv, NE Fisheries Sci Ctr, 28 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI 02840 USA.
EM lisa.l.colburn@noaa.gov
NR 26
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 3
U2 35
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0892-0753
J9 COAST MANAGE
JI Coast. Manage.
PY 2012
VL 40
IS 3
SI SI
BP 289
EP 300
DI 10.1080/08920753.2012.677635
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 948EJ
UT WOS:000304486100006
ER
PT J
AU Lee, JH
Fenves, SJ
Bock, C
Suh, HW
Rachuri, S
Fiorentini, X
Sriram, RD
AF Lee, Jae H.
Fenves, Steven J.
Bock, Conrad
Suh, Hyo-Won
Rachuri, Sudarsan
Fiorentini, Xenia
Sriram, Ram D.
TI A Semantic Product Modeling Framework and Its Application to Behavior
Evaluation
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Multilevel modeling framework; OWL; product information modeling;
semantic product modeling
ID ONTOLOGY; DESIGN
AB Supporting different stakeholder viewpoints across the product lifecycle requires semantic richness to represent product-related information and enable multiview engineering simulations. This paper proposes a multilevel product modeling framework enabling stakeholders to define product models and relate them to physical or simulated instances. The framework is defined within the Model-Driven Architecture using the multilevel (data, model, metamodel) approach. The data level represents real-world products, the model level describes models (product models) of real-world products, and the metamodel level describes models of the product models. The metamodel defined in this paper is specialized from a web ontology language enabling product designers to express the semantics of product models in an engineering-friendly way. The interactions between these three levels are described to show how each level in the framework is used in a product engineering context. A product design scenario and user interface for the product metamodel is provided for further understanding of the framework.
Note to Practitioners-The views of stakeholders in a product lifecycle may be different according to their concerns. However, they develop product models and data for a same product. The product models and data should be managed in a single framework to validate consistency of product information. The framework proposed in this paper enables stakeholders to define their product models and relate them to physical or simulated instances. A generic metamodel is also proposed to guide engineers in building their product models using engineer-friendly terms. A product design scenario and user interface prototype was implemented for further understanding of the framework and the metamodel. If the prototype is integrated with a Computer-Aided Design (CAD) system, it can be a powerful mechanism for semantically annotating CAD models.
C1 [Lee, Jae H.; Fenves, Steven J.; Bock, Conrad; Rachuri, Sudarsan; Fiorentini, Xenia; Sriram, Ram D.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Suh, Hyo-Won] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Taejon 305701, South Korea.
RP Lee, JH (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM lee.jaehyun@nist.gov; steven.fenves@nist.gob; conrad.bock@nist.gov;
hw_suh@kaist.ac.kr; sudarsan@nist.gov; xenia.fiorentini@gmail.com;
sriram@nist.gov
RI Suh, Hyo-Won/C-1543-2011
NR 28
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 10
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1545-5955
J9 IEEE T AUTOM SCI ENG
JI IEEE Trans. Autom. Sci. Eng.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 9
IS 1
BP 110
EP 123
DI 10.1109/TASE.2011.2165210
PG 14
WC Automation & Control Systems
SC Automation & Control Systems
GA 951XV
UT WOS:000304754400010
ER
PT J
AU Moriarty, PE
Andrews, KS
Harvey, CJ
Kawase, M
AF Moriarty, Pamela E.
Andrews, Kelly S.
Harvey, Chris J.
Kawase, Mitsuhiro
TI Vertical and horizontal movement patterns of scyphozoan jellyfish in a
fjord-like estuary
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Acoustic telemetry; Cyanea capillata; Phacellophora camtschatica; Diel
vertical migration; Hypoxia
ID LOW DISSOLVED-OXYGEN; AURELIA-AURITA; GELATINOUS ZOOPLANKTON;
PERIPHYLLA-PERIPHYLLA; TROPHIC INTERACTIONS; ACOUSTIC TELEMETRY;
MIDWATER HYPOXIA; WATER JELLYFISH; FOOD-WEB; MIGRATION
AB Despite their important functional role in marine ecosystems, we lack much information about jellyfish, including basic research on their swimming behavior. Here we used acoustic telemetry to obtain detailed behavioral data on 2 scyphozoans, lion's mane jellyfish Cyanea capillata and fried-egg jellyfish Phacellophora camtschatica, in Hood Canal, Puget Sound, Washington, USA. Individual variation was high in both the short-term (hours) and long-term (days) data, although several patterns of behavior emerged. Lion's mane jellyfish performed diel vertical migrations over the longer time period, but their depth did not vary with tidal stage. Additionally, horizontal swimming speeds varied with diel period and tidal stage for both lion's mane and fried-egg jellyfish. Lion's mane jellyfish swam faster during the night than day, whereas fried-egg jellyfish swam faster during the day. Both species had the highest swimming rates during flood tides. Jellyfish clearly exhibited active swimming behaviors and were not passively planktonic. Net and cumulative distances traveled suggest that Hood Canal may be a sink for jellyfish, potentially exacerbating effects of population blooms on the ecosystem. Our findings provide mixed support for previous studies reporting diel vertical migrations in other jelly fish species, and provide evidence that jellyfish are capable of more advanced swimming behaviors than often thought.
C1 [Andrews, Kelly S.; Harvey, Chris J.] NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Moriarty, Pamela E.] Kenyon Coll, Dept Biol, Gambier, OH 43022 USA.
[Moriarty, Pamela E.] Kenyon Coll, Dept Math, Gambier, OH 43022 USA.
[Kawase, Mitsuhiro] Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Andrews, KS (reprint author), NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM kelly.andrews@noaa.gov
OI Andrews, Kelly/0000-0001-7734-3800
FU US Navy; NOAA; NOAA, and NSF; NWFSC
FX We thank members of the Ecosystem Science Program (G. Williams, N.
Tolimieri, J. Samhouri) at the Northwest Fisheries Science Center
(NWFSC) for helping with the collection, tagging, and active tracking of
jellyfish. T. Essington, A. Beaudreau, H. Nelson, N. Grose, and F.
Stevick deployed and retrieved acoustic receivers in Hood Canal. M.
Gordon, G. Hays, R. Brodeur, E. Thuesen, and S. Parker-Stetter provided
helpful discussion regarding collecting and tagging jellyfish. We thank
the ORCA project for data used in calculating the pycnocline and depth
of hypoxia. ORCA data were provided by A. Devol and W. Ruef, and funded
primarily by the US Navy, NOAA, and NSF. This work was funded by a
scholarship from NOAA's Ernest F. Hollings Scholar Program (to P.E.M.)
and an internal grant from the NWFSC (to C.J.H. and K.S.A.). We also
thank M.L.V. Ciccone for inspiration during active tracking sessions.
NR 56
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 5
U2 57
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2012
VL 455
BP 1
EP +
DI 10.3354/meps09783
PG 15
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 949WI
UT WOS:000304607100001
ER
PT J
AU Smart, TI
Duffy-Anderson, JT
Horne, JK
AF Smart, T. I.
Duffy-Anderson, J. T.
Horne, J. K.
TI Alternating temperature states influence walleye pollock early life
stages in the southeastern Bering Sea
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Theragra chalcogramma; Temperature; Distribution; Phenology; Bering Sea
ID OSCILLATING CONTROL HYPOTHESIS; THERAGRA-CHALCOGRAMMA; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
TEMPORAL PATTERNS; SHELF; GROWTH; DISTRIBUTIONS; ENVIRONMENT; ECOSYSTEM;
EGGS
AB Water temperatures in the southeastern Bering Sea influence the density of walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma early life stages, potentially influencing spatial distributions and the phenology of reproduction and development. We quantified stage-specific changes in spatial and temporal distributions under cold- and warm-water conditions using generalized additive models. Analyses showed that walleye pollock egg and yolksac larval spatial distributions are unaffected by temperature, suggesting that spawning locations are stable. Preflexion larvae, late larvae, and juveniles shift onto the shelf under warm conditions, similar to spatial shifts observed in distributions of sub-adults and adults. Temporal distributions were used to address the hypo thesis that timing of the density peak at each stage is delayed under cold conditions. Differences in the timing of density peaks supported the hypothesis that the timing of spawning, hatching, larval development, and juvenile transition are temperature-dependent. The current analysis represents the best support available for the importance of temperature to walleye pollock in determining early life stage development and population trends in the eastern Bering Sea. Our data indicate that future changes in water temperatures could influence the early life stages of an ecologically dominant member of the Bering Sea community by changing phenology and habitat use in the first several months of life.
C1 [Smart, T. I.; Horne, J. K.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Duffy-Anderson, J. T.] NOAA, Recruitment Assessment & Conservat Engn Div, Recruitment Proc Program, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr,Natl Marine Fisheries Se, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Smart, TI (reprint author), S Carolina Dept Nat Resources, Marine Resources Res Inst, Charleston, SC 29422 USA.
EM tis@u.washington.edu
FU North Pacific Research Board; National Oceanographic and Atmospheric
Administration
FX Thanks to the members of NOAA's Ecosystems and Fisheries Oceanography
Coordinated In vestigations (EcoFOCI) who were involved in the
collection and processing of the ichthyoplankton samples. L. Ciannelli
(Oregon State University) assisted with statistical analyses and
interpretation. This research was supported by the Bering Sea Integrated
Ecosystem Research program (BSIERP) of the North Pacific Research Board
and the North Pacific Climate Regimes and Ecosystem Productivity
(NPCREP) program of the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric
Administration. This paper is EcoFOCI Contribution No. N754-RAOA-0,
BEST-BSIERP Publication No. 35. We appreciate comments by J. Napp, A.
Matarese, and 3 anonymous reviewers. The findings and conclusions in the
paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the
views of the National Marine Fisheries Service.
NR 42
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 11
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
EI 1616-1599
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2012
VL 455
BP 257
EP 267
DI 10.3354/meps09619
PG 11
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 949WI
UT WOS:000304607100017
ER
PT J
AU Jacobson, KC
Baldwin, R
Reese, DC
AF Jacobson, Kym C.
Baldwin, Rebecca
Reese, Douglas C.
TI Parasite communities indicate effects of cross-shelf distributions, but
not mesoscale oceanographic features on northern California Current
mid-trophic food web
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Marine parasites; Pelagic fish; Cape Blanco; Hotspot; Inshore-offshore
ID PACIFIC-OCEAN; MARINE FISH; METAZOAN PARASITES; UPWELLING SEASON;
JUVENILE SALMON; COLUMBIA RIVER; CURRENT SYSTEM; CENTRAL OREGON; JACK
MACKEREL; PATTERNS
AB Mesoscale physical oceanographic features, such as jets and eddies, can influence the structure of marine ecosystems. We used trophically transmitted parasite communities of pelagic fishes in the northern California Current to examine effects of physical oceanographic features on pelagic ecosystem structure. We tested the hypotheses that (1) oceanographic features associated with a coastal promontory, Cape Blanco, Oregon (USA), produced a faunal break resulting in different pelagic ecosystems north and south of the cape, and that (2) the use of biological hotspots in the area by pelagic nekton is reflected in the trophic interactions of mid- and upper trophic level fishes. We recovered 19 taxa of trophically transmitted parasites from 10 common pelagic fish species caught between Newport, Oregon, and Crescent City, California. Non-metric multidimensional scaling of parasite communities reflected a trophic structure among these fish species; results were similar to published diet studies. We found no evidence in the trophically transmitted parasites of spatial differences between the pelagic ecosystems north or south of Cape Blanco, or within versus outside of the biological hotspots. However, we found significant cross shelf differences in parasite communities. Therefore, Cape Blanco does not seem to be a strong faunal boundary, rather the strongest influence is cross-shelf transport associated with coastal upwelling.
C1 [Jacobson, Kym C.] NOAA, Newport Field Stn, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Baldwin, Rebecca] Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada.
[Reese, Douglas C.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Jacobson, KC (reprint author), NOAA, Newport Field Stn, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2030 SE Marine Sci Dr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
EM kym.jacobson@noaa.gov
FU NOAA; National Science Foundation
FX We thank the captains and crew of the FV 'Sea Eagle' and FV 'Frosti' for
their assistance in conducting the trawling operations for these surveys
and the numerous members of the Fish Ecology Division of the Northwest
Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and the Cooperative Institute of
Marine Resources Studies staff at Oregon State University that assisted
in field sampling and fish necropsies. We also thank a number of
internal and journal reviewers for their suggested improvements of this
manuscript. Research was conducted as part of the US GLOBEC Northeast
Pacific program and was jointly funded by NOAA and the National Science
Foundation. This is contribution number 720 of US GLOBEC.
NR 68
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 16
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2012
VL 454
BP 19
EP 36
DI 10.3354/meps09654
PG 18
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 949VW
UT WOS:000304605500002
ER
PT J
AU Hinke, JT
Polito, MJ
Reiss, CS
Trivelpiece, SG
Trivelpiece, WZ
AF Hinke, Jefferson T.
Polito, Michael J.
Reiss, Christian S.
Trivelpiece, Susan G.
Trivelpiece, Wayne Z.
TI Flexible reproductive timing can buffer reproductive success of
Pygoscelis spp. penguins in the Antarctic Peninsula region
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Phenology; Adelie; Gentoo; Climate change; Migrant
ID KING-GEORGE-ISLAND; LAST 50 YEARS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ADELIE PENGUINS;
POPULATION-CHANGES; BREEDING SUCCESS; SEA-ICE; GENTOO; KRILL;
CONSEQUENCES
AB Varying the timing of reproduction in response to local environmental conditions is a key factor influencing reproductive success. We used 19 yr (1991 to 2009) of data on breeding chronology and reproductive success of Adelie penguins Pygoscelis adeliae and gentoo penguins P. papua at King George Island, Antarctica to compare clutch initiation dates (CIDs), hatch rates, and creche rates at population and individual levels. The CIDs of both species occurred earlier with warmer October temperatures, but gentoo penguins adjusted CIDs twice as much per C of temperature as Adelie penguins. Gentoo penguins also exhibited lower variances in hatch and creche rates than Adelie penguins, suggesting that greater ability to respond to ambient conditions can buffer reproductive success. Mixed-effects models revealed that individual-and year-specific random effects on the overall population mean best accounted for observed variation in CIDs, with some individuals routinely breeding earlier than others. However, individual differences in the relative timing of breeding provided no advantage for long-term reproductive success. The results suggest that, among gentoo and Adelie penguins, plasticity in CIDs with respect to environmental conditions is primarily a population-level rather than an individual-level response. Energetic constraints of contrasting migratory and fasting behaviors likely contribute to the different abilities to respond to warming spring temperatures. Overall, larger responses of gentoo penguin CIDs to October temperature and lower variability in reproductive success, despite reduced reproductive success with delayed breeding, suggests that gentoo penguins are better equipped than Adelie penguins to adjust to rapid warming in the Antarctic Peninsula ecosystem.
C1 [Hinke, Jefferson T.; Reiss, Christian S.; Trivelpiece, Susan G.; Trivelpiece, Wayne Z.] NOAA, Antarctic Ecosyst Res Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Hinke, Jefferson T.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Polito, Michael J.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol & Marine Biol, Wilmington, NC 28403 USA.
RP Hinke, JT (reprint author), NOAA, Antarctic Ecosyst Res Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 3333 N Torrey Pines Court, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM jefferson.hinke@noaa.gov
RI Polito, Michael/G-9118-2012
OI Polito, Michael/0000-0001-8639-4431
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [1016936]; Pew Charitable Trusts
FX We thank the numerous researchers who have collected the long-term data
sets used here. Data on monthly meteorology were obtained from the
Russian Federation National Antarctic Data Center (NADC) at the Arctic
and Antarctic Research Institute (AARI). We gratefully acknowledge
funding from the National Science Foundation (NSF; grant #1016936) and
the Lenfest Oceans Program of the Pew Charitable Trusts. Comments from
M. Goebel, D. Kinzey, G. Kooyman, H. Lynch, G. Watters, and anonymous
reviewers improved this manuscript.
NR 47
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 4
U2 43
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2012
VL 454
BP 91
EP 104
DI 10.3354/meps09633
PG 14
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 949VW
UT WOS:000304605500008
ER
PT J
AU Lynch, HJ
Fagan, WF
Naveen, R
Trivelpiece, SG
Trivelpiece, WZ
AF Lynch, Heather J.
Fagan, William F.
Naveen, Ron
Trivelpiece, Susan G.
Trivelpiece, Wayne Z.
TI Differential advancement of breeding phenology in response to climate
may alter staggered breeding among sympatric pygoscelid penguins
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Breeding phenology; Climate change; Pygoscelid; Breeding asynchrony;
Adelie penguin; Chinstrap penguin; Gentoo penguin; Interannual
variability
ID WESTERN ANTARCTIC PENINSULA; WILD BIRD POPULATION; NEST-SITE
COMPETITION; CHINSTRAP PENGUINS; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; ADELIE PENGUINS;
URIA-AALGE; ECOLOGICAL SEGREGATION; GEOGRAPHICAL VARIATION; REPRODUCTIVE
SUCCESS
AB Numerous studies link climate change with advancing breeding phenology in birds, but less frequently considered are the joint impacts on sympatrically breeding communities of birds. We used data on clutch initiation dates (CID) from 4 sites along the Western Antarctic Peninsula for 3 congeneric and sympatrically breeding penguin species (Adelie Pygoscelis adeliae, gentoo P. papua and chinstrap P. antarcticus) to understand what factors correlate with the phenology and synchrony of breeding and how these factors might change with the recent warming experienced in this region. We found that clutch initiation was most significantly correlated with October air temperatures such that all 3 species advanced clutch initiation to varying degrees in warmer years. Gentoo penguins were able to advance CID almost twice as much (3.2 d degrees C-1) as Adelie (1.7 d degrees C-1) and chinstrap penguins (1.8 d degrees C-1). Beyond the variation explained by mean October temperatures, there was an unexplained trend to earlier clutch initiation of 0.15 +/- 0.05 d yr(-1). Greater plasticity in gentoo breeding phenology compressed the mean interval between Adelie and gentoo breeding in warm years and this may increase competition for nesting space in mixed colonies. Our results suggest that differential responses in breeding phenology to changing temperatures represent an additional mechanism by which climate change may affect competitive interactions and, consequently, pygoscelid penguins on the Antarctic Peninsula.
C1 [Lynch, Heather J.; Fagan, William F.] Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Naveen, Ron] Oceanites Inc, Chevy Chase, MD 20825 USA.
[Trivelpiece, Susan G.; Trivelpiece, Wayne Z.] NOAA, Antarctic Ecosyst Res Div, SWFSC, La Jolla, CA 92038 USA.
RP Lynch, HJ (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
EM hlynch@life.bio.sunysb.edu
FU US National Science Foundation Office of Polar Programs
[NSF/OPP-0739515]
FX H.J.L., W. F. F. and R.N. gratefully acknowledge assistance from the US
National Science Foundation Office of Polar Programs (award no.
NSF/OPP-0739515). Data from the Palmer LTER data archive were supported
by Office of Polar Programs, NSF/OPP-9011927, NSF/OPP-9632763 and
NSF/OPP-0217282.
NR 78
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 2
U2 41
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2012
VL 454
BP 135
EP +
DI 10.3354/meps09252
PG 14
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 949VW
UT WOS:000304605500011
ER
PT J
AU Ballihaut, G
Kilpatrick, LE
Kilpatrick, EL
Davis, WC
AF Ballihaut, Guillaume
Kilpatrick, Lisa E.
Kilpatrick, Eric L.
Davis, W. Clay
TI Multiple forms of selenoprotein P in a candidate human plasma standard
reference material
SO METALLOMICS
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTIFICATION; PURIFICATION; SELENIUM; PROTEIN; SERUM; UGA
AB Selenoprotein P (SePP) is a unique selenium-containing protein responsible for the transport and distribution of the essential trace element selenium (Se) through the human body with the concentration of SePP in human blood representing the most useful marker of Se nutritional status. Although SePP has been extensively studied, the structure of SePP in human plasma remains unresolved. Two potential isoforms of SePP have been identified by Western blot analyses distinguished principally by differences in migration (51 kDa and 61 kDa). The biological relevance of the smaller isoform has been called into question by several studies reporting only one major SePP form (69 kDa) suggesting that the shorter 51 kDa is an artifact of protease activity during the SePP purification process. A deficiency of these Western blot analyses is that no information can be gleaned regarding the Se content of the potential isoforms. This study reports a characterization of SePP isoforms in a human plasma Standard Reference Material representative of a healthy US population. Following immunoprecipitation, three SePP isoforms were unequivocally identified at 45 kDa, 49 kDa and 57 kDa (termed as SePP45, SePP49 and SePP57) by LC-MS/MS analyses from a spectral searching approach. Selenium (Se) was detected by gel electrophoresis LA-ICP-MS in SePP49 and SePP57 which was confirmed by the identification of three selenopeptides covering the SePP sequence from residues 312-346 by LC-MS/MS analyses utilizing a sequence searching approach. Conversely, neither Se nor peptides covering SePP sequence from residues 306-346 was identified in SePP45 which suggests that SePP45 is a truncated isoform transcriptionally terminated at the 2nd in-frame UGA codon thereby terminating the protein with the Ser residue at position 299. An additional band at 23 kDa was found to contain Se but no peptides of SePP. Instead, glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPx3) was unequivocally identified within the band presumably being co-immunoprecipitated with the SePP providing preliminary evidence that SePP and GPx3 interaction may take place in vivo.
C1 [Ballihaut, Guillaume; Davis, W. Clay] NIST, Div Analyt Chem, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Kilpatrick, Lisa E.] NIST, Chem & Biochem Reference Data Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Kilpatrick, Eric L.] NIST, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Ballihaut, G (reprint author), NIST, Div Analyt Chem, Hollings Marine Lab, 331 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
EM guillaume.ballihaut@noaa.gov
FU NIST-ARRA through the University of Maryland
FX This research was supported in part by a NIST-ARRA post-doctoral
fellowship through the University of Maryland granted to GB.
NR 17
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 15
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1756-5901
J9 METALLOMICS
JI Metallomics
PY 2012
VL 4
IS 6
BP 533
EP 538
DI 10.1039/c2mt20059g
PG 6
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 950OU
UT WOS:000304659400001
PM 22552441
ER
PT J
AU Dong, S
Striegel, AM
AF Dong, Shen
Striegel, Andre M.
TI MONTE CARLO SIMULATION OF THE SEQUENCE LENGTH AND JUNCTION POINT
DISTRIBUTIONS IN RANDOM COPOLYMERS OBEYING BERNOULLIAN STATISTICS
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF POLYMER ANALYSIS AND CHARACTERIZATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Copolymers; Junction point distribution; Monte Carlo simulation;
Sequence length distribution
ID CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION DISTRIBUTION; SOLUTION CONFORMATION; INHOMOGENEITY;
CHAINS
AB The sequence length and junction point distributions (SLD and JPD, respectively) in random copolymers influence processing and end-use properties such as thermal transitions, chain conformation, and elastic properties. There are currently no experimental methods to determine SLD. As such, information on this type of distribution can be accessed, at present, only through models and simulations. Here, we present the results of Monte Carlo simulations of the SLD and the JPD of generic AB random copolymers with Bernoullian distributions of interest and with individually varying chain length (degree of polymerization) and monomer ratio. Results from the simulations show, among other things, the development of bimodality in the SLD of a particular monomer as a function of increasing percent of that monomer in the copolymer and the development of JPD as a function of varying monomer ratios, and that, in select cases, the JPD based on an even number of junction points is much larger than the corresponding distribution based on an odd number of junction points. The results presented should help guide the design and optimization of "interactive'' macromolecular separation methods capable of determining the SLD and JPD of random copolymers.
C1 [Dong, Shen] Florida State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Striegel, Andre M.] Florida State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
RP Striegel, AM (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr,Mail Stop 8392, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM andre.striegel@nist.gov
NR 20
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 6
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1023-666X
J9 INT J POLYM ANAL CH
JI Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact.
PY 2012
VL 17
IS 4
BP 247
EP 256
DI 10.1080/1023666X.2012.653100
PG 10
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 945KX
UT WOS:000304273500001
ER
PT S
AU Arceo, A
Bunday, B
Vartanian, V
Attota, R
AF Arceo, Abraham
Bunday, Benjamin
Vartanian, Victor
Attota, Ravikiran
BE Starikov, A
TI Patterned Defect & CD Metrology by TSOM Beyond the 22 nm Node
SO METROLOGY, INSPECTION, AND PROCESS CONTROL FOR MICROLITHOGRAPHY XXVI,
PTS 1 AND 2
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Metrology, Inspection, and Process Control for
Microlithography XXVI
CY FEB 13-16, 2012
CL San Jose, CA
SP SPIE, Nova Measuring Instruments Ltd
DE TSOM; Through-focus scanning optical microscopy; defect inspection;
metrology; FinFET; double patterning; CD; critical dimension; metrology;
optical microscopy
AB Through-focus scanning optical microscopy (TSOM) is a novel method [1-8] that allows conventional optical microscopes to collect dimensional information down to the nanometer level by combining 2D optical images captured at several through-focus positions, transforming conventional optical microscopes into truly 3D metrology tools for nanoscale to microscale dimensional analysis with nanometer scale sensitivity. Although not a resolution enhancement method, it has been shown to provide lateral and vertical measurement sensitivity of less than a nanometer [5], comparable to the dimensional measurement sensitivity of other critical dimension (CD) metrology tools. The technique is capable of measuring features far beyond the theoretical resolution limits of optical microscopy, because it can capture much richer data at many z-heights (i.e., through focus). Additionally, TSOM appears to decouple the measurement of profile dimensional changes at the nanoscale, such as small perturbations in sidewall angle and height, with little or no ambiguity, and may be able to analyze target dimensions ranging from as small as 10 nm up to many microns with similar nanometer-scale sensitivity. Furthermore, previous simulation and experimental work has shown this method to be applicable to a variety of target materials and structures, such as nanoparticles, semiconductor memory features, and buried structures under transparent films. Additionally, this relatively simple technique is inexpensive and has high throughput, making it attractive for a variety of semiconductor metrology applications, such as CD, photomask, overlay, and defect metrologies [8].
In-line defect metrology is continuously challenged by the aggressive pace of device scaling. It is expected that the conventional brightfield techniques currently used in semiconductor manufacturing will not be able to meet defect inspection requirements near the 11 nm node. Electron beam-based inspection is able to meet resolution limits well below the 11 nm node, but operates at a significantly lower throughput. It has therefore become necessary to explore alternative approaches that have the potential to meet both resolution and throughput requirements.
This work will present TSOM results of simulations and supporting experiments to demonstrate the metrology application of TSOM to features at the ITRS 22 nm node [9], including measurement of linewidths down to 10 nm, showing the ability to measure changes in line height, sidewall angle, and pitch variations. By extension, these results will show the feasibility of applying TSOM to important contemporary metrology problems in measuring doublep-atterned features and FinFETs. Additionally, we will theoretically explore the use of TSOM to inspect defects on gatelevel arrays with different CDs down to 15 nm. This theoretical work consisted of modeling the optical response of cross-sectional perturbations and several patterned defect types and sizes using illumination wavelengths ranging from visible to deep ultraviolet (DUV) under different illumination polarizations. The results indicate that TSOM may be able to detect small CD and profile changes in fins of FinFET structures as well as defects that currently challenge conventional brightfield optical methods. The simulation results also indicate an added advantage of the TSOM method to differentiate certain types of defects and their orientations by exhibiting different optical intensity patterns. These results will provide insight into the feasibility of TSOM for CD and yield enhancement metrology.
C1 [Arceo, Abraham; Bunday, Benjamin; Vartanian, Victor] SEMATECH Adv Metrol Div, Albany, NY 12203 USA.
RP Attota, R (reprint author), NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM ravikiran.attota@nist.gov
NR 14
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8980-7
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2012
VL 8324
AR 83240E
DI 10.1117/12.917236
PG 15
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA BAI77
UT WOS:000304299900013
ER
PT S
AU Barnes, BM
Sohn, YJ
Goasmat, F
Zhou, H
Silver, RM
Arceo, A
AF Barnes, Bryan M.
Sohn, Yeung-Joon
Goasmat, Francois
Zhou, Hui
Silver, Richard M.
Arceo, Abraham
BE Starikov, A
TI Scatterfield microscopy of 22 nm node patterned defects using visible
and DUV light
SO METROLOGY, INSPECTION, AND PROCESS CONTROL FOR MICROLITHOGRAPHY XXVI,
PTS 1 AND 2
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Metrology, Inspection, and Process Control for
Microlithography XXVI
CY FEB 13-16, 2012
CL San Jose, CA
SP SPIE, Nova Measuring Instruments Ltd
DE Defect detection; scatterfield optical microscopy; illumination
optimization; bright-field microscopy; dark-field microscopy
AB Smaller patterning dimensions and novel architectures are fostering research into improved methods of defect detection in semiconductor device manufacturing. This experimental study, augmented with simulation, evaluates scatterfield microscopy to enhance defect detectability on two separate 22 nm node intentional defect array wafers. Reducing the illumination wavelength nominally delivers direct improvements to detectability. Precise control of the focus position is also critical for maximizing the defect signal. Engineering of the illumination linear polarization and incident angle are shown to optimize the detection of certain highly directional defects. Scanning electron microscopy verifies that sub 15 nm defects can be measured experimentally using 193 nm wavelength light. Techniques are discussed for taking advantage of the complexities inherent in the scattering of highly directional defects within unidirectional patterning. Although no one single set of parameters can be optimized to detect all defects equally, source optimization is shown to be a realistic path towards improved sensitivity.
C1 [Barnes, Bryan M.; Sohn, Yeung-Joon; Goasmat, Francois; Zhou, Hui; Silver, Richard M.] NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Phys Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Barnes, BM (reprint author), NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Phys Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr MS 8212, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM bryan.barnes@nist.gov
NR 9
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8980-7
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2012
VL 8324
AR 83240F
DI 10.1117/12.917286
PG 11
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA BAI77
UT WOS:000304299900014
ER
PT S
AU Cepler, AJ
Bunday, B
Thiel, BL
Villarrubia, JS
AF Cepler, Aron J.
Bunday, Benjamin
Thiel, Bradley L.
Villarrubia, John S.
BE Starikov, A
TI Scanning electron microscopy imaging of ultra-high aspect ratio hole
features
SO METROLOGY, INSPECTION, AND PROCESS CONTROL FOR MICROLITHOGRAPHY XXVI,
PTS 1 AND 2
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Metrology, Inspection, and Process Control for
Microlithography XXVI
CY FEB 13-16, 2012
CL San Jose, CA
SP SPIE, Nova Measuring Instruments Ltd
DE CD-Metrology; 3D Memory; CD-SEM; contact holes; HAR features
ID SECONDARY-ELECTRON; YIELD
AB In-line, non-destructive process control metrology of high aspect ratio (HAR) holes and trenches has long been a known gap in metrology. Imaging the bottoms of at-node size contact holes in oxide with aspect rations beyond 10: 1 has not yet been demonstrated. Nevertheless, holes and trenches of 30: 1, 40: 1, or even 60: 1 will soon enter production, with these etches being applied to various homogeneous and multi-layer stacks of Si and SiO2. The need comes from Moore's Law and increasing functional density on microchips, on which true 3D memory devices will soon be manufactured. These can take many different forms, but a common building block will be these ultra-HAR etched features. In this work, we show experimental results and simulations from the NIST JMONSEL program to assess the feasibility of measuring such features using both conventional low voltage scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and higher beam energies and low vacuum conditions to ameliorate charging. In our measurements, higher voltage SEM did not improve upon conventional critical dimension (CD)-SEM. Simulations suggest the reason is a failure to overcome a negative oxide potential. Although a signal can in principle be detected from the bottom of contact holes in typical imaging conditions in the CD-SEM, it is likely that it will be very small and possibly below the noise floor.
C1 [Cepler, Aron J.; Bunday, Benjamin; Thiel, Bradley L.] SEMATECH, Albany, NY 12203 USA.
[Cepler, Aron J.; Thiel, Bradley L.] SUNY Albany, Coll Nanoscale Sci & Engn, 1535 Western Ave, Albany, NY 12203 USA.
[Villarrubia, John S.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Semicond & Dimesional Met Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Cepler, AJ (reprint author), SEMATECH, Albany, NY 12203 USA.
NR 16
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8980-7
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2012
VL 8324
AR UNSP 83241N
DI 10.1117/12.916552
PG 14
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA BAI77
UT WOS:000304299900055
ER
PT S
AU Damazo, B
Attota, R
Kavuri, P
Vladar, AE
AF Damazo, Bradley
Attota, Ravikiran
Kavuri, Purushotham
Vladar, Andras E.
BE Starikov, A
TI Nanoparticle Size and Shape Evaluation Using the TSOM Method
SO METROLOGY, INSPECTION, AND PROCESS CONTROL FOR MICROLITHOGRAPHY XXVI,
PTS 1 AND 2
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Metrology, Inspection, and Process Control for
Microlithography XXVI
CY FEB 13-16, 2012
CL San Jose, CA
SP SPIE, Nova Measuring Instruments Ltd
DE TSOM; optical microscope; through-focus; nanoparticles; nanometrology
AB A novel through-focus scanning optical microscopy (TSOM) method that yields nanoscale information from optical images obtained at multiple focal planes will be used here for nanoparticle dimensional analysis. The TSOM method can distinguish not only size differences but also shape differences among nanoparticles. Size evaluation based on simulations will be presented along with experimental data for nanoparticles and nanodots with sizes below 100 nm. Size determination using an experimentally created library will also be presented.
C1 [Damazo, Bradley; Attota, Ravikiran; Kavuri, Purushotham; Vladar, Andras E.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Attota, R (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM Ravikiran.attota@nist.gov
NR 10
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8980-7
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2012
VL 8324
AR 832436
DI 10.1117/12.918263
PG 6
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA BAI77
UT WOS:000304299900103
ER
PT S
AU Orji, NG
Dixson, RG
Vladar, AE
Ming, B
Postek, MT
AF Orji, Ndubuisi G.
Dixson, Ronald G.
Vladar, Andras E.
Ming, Bin
Postek, Michael T.
BE Starikov, A
TI Contour Metrology using Critical Dimension Atomic Force Microscopy
SO METROLOGY, INSPECTION, AND PROCESS CONTROL FOR MICROLITHOGRAPHY XXVI,
PTS 1 AND 2
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Metrology, Inspection, and Process Control for
Microlithography XXVI
CY FEB 13-16, 2012
CL San Jose, CA
SP SPIE, Nova Measuring Instruments Ltd
DE contour metrology; critical dimension atomic force microscope; scanning
electron microscope; helium ion microscope
ID LINEWIDTH MEASUREMENTS
AB The critical dimension atomic force microscope (CD-AFM), which is used as a reference instrument in lithography metrology, has been proposed as a complementary instrument for contour measurement and verification. Although data from CD-AFM is inherently three dimensional, the planar two-dimensional data required for contour metrology is not easily extracted from the top-down CD-AFM data. This is largely due to the limitations of the CD-AFM method for controlling the tip position and scanning.
We describe scanning techniques and profile extraction methods to obtain contours from CD-AFM data. We also describe how we validated our technique, and explain some of its limitations. Potential sources of error for this approach are described, and a rigorous uncertainty model is presented. Our objective is to show which data acquisition and analysis methods could yield optimum contour information while preserving some of the strengths of CD-AFM metrology. We present comparison of contours extracted using our technique to those obtained from the scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the helium ion microscope (HIM).
C1 [Orji, Ndubuisi G.; Dixson, Ronald G.; Vladar, Andras E.; Ming, Bin; Postek, Michael T.] NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, PML, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Orji, NG (reprint author), NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, PML, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 4
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8980-7
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2012
VL 8324
AR 83240U
DI 10.1117/12.918056
PG 9
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA BAI77
UT WOS:000304299900028
ER
PT S
AU Silver, RM
Qin, J
Barnes, BM
Zhou, H
Dixson, R
Goasmat, F
AF Silver, Richard M.
Qin, Jing
Barnes, Bryan M.
Zhou, Hui
Dixson, Ronald
Goasmat, Francois
BE Starikov, A
TI Phase sensitive parametric optical metrology: Exploring the limits of
3-dimensional optical metrology
SO METROLOGY, INSPECTION, AND PROCESS CONTROL FOR MICROLITHOGRAPHY XXVI,
PTS 1 AND 2
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Metrology, Inspection, and Process Control for
Microlithography XXVI
CY FEB 13-16, 2012
CL San Jose, CA
SP SPIE, Nova Measuring Instruments Ltd
DE Optical metrology; electromagnetic simulation; evaluate sensitivities
and uncertainties; phase sensitive measurements; through-focus
three-dimensional field
AB There has been much recent work in developing advanced optical metrology applications that use imaging optics for critical dimension measurements, defect detection and for potential use with in-die metrology. Sensitivity to nanometer scale changes has been observed when measuring critical dimensions of sub-wavelength features or when imaging defects below 20 nm using angle-resolved and focus-resolved optical data. However, these methods inherently involve complex imaging optics and analysis of complicated three-dimensional electromagnetic fields. This paper will develop a new approach to enable the rigorous analysis of three-dimensional through-focus optical images. We use rigorous electromagnetic simulation tools and statistical methods to evaluate sensitivities and uncertainties in the measurement of three dimensional layouts encountered in critical dimension, contour metrology and defect inspection.
C1 [Silver, Richard M.; Qin, Jing; Barnes, Bryan M.; Zhou, Hui; Dixson, Ronald; Goasmat, Francois] NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Phys Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Silver, RM (reprint author), NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Phys Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr MS 8212, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 14
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8980-7
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2012
VL 8324
AR 83240N
DI 10.1117/12.916988
PG 12
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA BAI77
UT WOS:000304299900022
ER
PT S
AU Ukraintsev, VA
Orji, NG
Vorburger, TV
Dixson, RG
Fu, J
Silver, RM
AF Ukraintsev, V. A.
Orji, N. G.
Vorburger, T. V.
Dixson, R. G.
Fu, J.
Silver, R. M.
BE Starikov, A
TI On CD-AFM bias related to probe bending
SO METROLOGY, INSPECTION, AND PROCESS CONTROL FOR MICROLITHOGRAPHY XXVI,
PTS 1 AND 2
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Metrology, Inspection, and Process Control for
Microlithography XXVI
CY FEB 13-16, 2012
CL San Jose, CA
SP SPIE, Nova Measuring Instruments Ltd
DE CD-AFM; reference metrology; accuracy; measurement bias; probe bending;
van der Waals-London; CNT
ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; CARBON-NANOTUBE; METROLOGY
AB Critical Dimension AFM (CD-AFM) is a widely used reference metrology. To characterize modern semiconductor devices, very small and flexible probes, often 15 nm to 20 nm in diameter, are now frequently used. Several recent publications have reported on uncontrolled and significant probe-to-probe bias variation during linewidth and sidewall angle measurements [1,2]. Results obtained in this work suggest that probe bending can be on the order of several nanometers and thus potentially can explain much of the observed CD-AFM probe-to-probe bias variation. We have developed and experimentally tested one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) models to describe the bending of cylindrical probes. An earlier 1D bending model reported by Watanabe et al. [3] was refined. Contributions from several new phenomena were considered, including: probe misalignment, diameter variation near the carbon nanotube tip (CNT) apex, probe bending before snapping, distributed van der Waals-London force, etc. The methodology for extraction of the Hamaker probe-surface interaction energy from experimental probe bending data was developed. To overcome limitations of the 1D model, a new 2D distributed force (DF) model was developed. Comparison of the new model with the 1D single point force (SPF) model revealed about 27 % difference in probe bending bias between the two. A simple linear relation between biases predicted by the 1D SPF and 2D DF models was found. This finding simplifies use of the advanced 2D DF model of probe bending in various CD-AFM applications. New 2D and three-dimensional (3D) CD-AFM data analysis software is needed to take full advantage of the new bias correction modeling capabilities.
C1 [Ukraintsev, V. A.; Orji, N. G.; Vorburger, T. V.; Dixson, R. G.; Fu, J.; Silver, R. M.] NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Ukraintsev, VA (reprint author), NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM ukraintsev@nanometrology.net
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8980-7
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2012
VL 8324
AR 83240V
DI 10.1117/12.916737
PG 14
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA BAI77
UT WOS:000304299900029
ER
PT S
AU Vladar, AE
Cizmar, P
Villarrubia, JS
Postek, MT
AF Vladar, Andras E.
Cizmar, Petr
Villarrubia, John S.
Postek, Michael T.
BE Starikov, A
TI Can We Get 3D CD Metrology Right?
SO METROLOGY, INSPECTION, AND PROCESS CONTROL FOR MICROLITHOGRAPHY XXVI,
PTS 1 AND 2
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Metrology, Inspection, and Process Control for
Microlithography XXVI
CY FEB 13-16, 2012
CL San Jose, CA
SP SPIE, Nova Measuring Instruments Ltd
DE three dimensional; 3D; contour metrology; critical dimension; atomic
force; scanning electron microscope; AFM; SEM
AB Our world is three-dimensional, and so are the integrated circuits (ICs), they have always been. In the past, for a long time, we have been very fortunate, because it was enough to measure a simple critical dimension (CD), the width of the resist line, to keep IC production under acceptable control. This requirement has changed in the last few years to contour and now to three-dimensional measurements. Optical lithography is printing photoresist features that are significantly smaller than the wavelength of the light used, and therefore it is indispensable to use optical proximity correction (OPC) methods. This includes modeling and compensation for various errors in the lithography process down to sub-nanometer, essentially atomic levels. The process has to rely on sophisticated and complex simulations and on accurate and highly repeatable dimensional metrology. The necessary dimensional metrology is beyond the conventional one-dimensional line width measurements, and must include two - and three-dimensional measurements of the contours and shapes of structures. Contour metrology needs accurate and highly repeatable measurements on sets and individual OPC structures, for which the critical dimension measurement scanning electron microscope (CD-SEM) is the key metrology tool. Three-dimensional (3D) metrology is now indispensable for IC technology, but current metrology tools and methods cannot fulfill the requirements. We believe that with the implementation of new methods it is feasible to develop 3D metrology that will well serve IC production, even on structures in the few nanometer-size range.
C1 [Vladar, Andras E.; Cizmar, Petr; Villarrubia, John S.; Postek, Michael T.] NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Vladar, AE (reprint author), NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, 100 Bur Dr 8212, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 17
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 6
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8980-7
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2012
VL 8324
AR 832402
DI 10.1117/12.916537
PG 13
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA BAI77
UT WOS:000304299900001
ER
PT J
AU Forrey, C
Douglas, JF
Gilson, MK
AF Forrey, Christopher
Douglas, Jack F.
Gilson, Michael K.
TI The fundamental role of flexibility on the strength of molecular binding
SO SOFT MATTER
LA English
DT Article
ID ENTHALPY-ENTROPY COMPENSATION; INDUCED-FIT; PROTEIN FLEXIBILITY;
LIGAND-BINDING; NONCOVALENT INTERACTIONS; CONFORMATIONAL ENTROPY;
SEMIFLEXIBLE POLYMERS; DISORDERED PROTEINS; CHAIN STIFFNESS;
IMMUNE-SYSTEM
AB Non-covalent molecular association underlies a diverse set of biologically and technologically relevant phenomena, including the action of drugs on their biomolecular targets and self- and supra-molecular assembly processes. Computer models employed to model binding frequently use interaction potentials with atomistic detail while neglecting the thermal molecular motions of the binding species. However, errors introduced by this simplification and, more broadly, the thermodynamic consequences of molecular flexibility on binding, are little understood. Here, we isolate the fundamental relationship of molecular flexibility to binding thermodynamics via simulations of simplified molecules with a wide range of flexibilities, but the same interaction potential. Disregarding molecular motion is found to generate large errors in binding entropy, enthalpy and free energy, even for molecules that are nearly rigid. Indeed, small decreases in rigidity markedly reduce affinity for highly rigid molecules. Remarkably, precisely the opposite trend occurs for more flexible molecules, for which increasing flexibility leads to stronger binding affinity. We also find that differences in flexibility suffice to generate binding specificity: for example, a planar surface selectively binds rigid over flexible molecules. Intriguingly, varying molecular flexibility while keeping interaction potentials constant leads to near-linear enthalpy-entropy compensation over a wide range of flexibilities, with the unexpected twist that increasing flexibility produces opposite changes in entropy and enthalpy for molecules in the flexible versus the rigid regime. Molecular flexibility is thus a crucial determinant of binding affinity and specificity and variations in flexibility can lead to strong yet non-intuitive consequences.
C1 [Forrey, Christopher] US FDA, Ctr Devices & Radiol Hlth, Silver Spring, MD 20903 USA.
[Douglas, Jack F.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Gilson, Michael K.] Univ Calif San Diego, Skaggs Sch Pharm & Pharmaceut Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RP Forrey, C (reprint author), US FDA, Ctr Devices & Radiol Hlth, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20903 USA.
EM christopher.forrey@fda.hhs.gov
FU National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National
Institutes of Health [GM61300]
FX This work was initiated at the National Institute for Standards and
Technology (NIST) and completed at the Center for Devices and
Radiological Health at the FDA. We thank the Division of Electrical and
Software Engineering (FDA) for use of the high performance computing
facilities and the Division of Imaging and Applied Mathematics (FDA) for
computational time. We also thank the Center for Theoretical and
Computational Materials Science at NIST for computational time. This
publication was made possible in part by grant no. GM61300 from the
National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National
Institutes of Health. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the
authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the
National Institute of General Medical Sciences.
NR 73
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 3
U2 46
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1744-683X
J9 SOFT MATTER
JI Soft Matter
PY 2012
VL 8
IS 23
BP 6385
EP 6392
DI 10.1039/c2sm25160d
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics,
Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science
GA 945XG
UT WOS:000304309300024
PM 22707976
ER
PT J
AU Hoef, JMV
AF Hoef, Jay M. Ver
TI Practical considerations for experimental designs of spatially
autocorrelated data using computer intensive methods
SO STATISTICAL METHODOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Geostatistics; Optimal design; Autoregressive models; Stochastic
process; A-optimality
ID ALGORITHM
AB Classical experimental design depends upon randomization of treatment applications. However, if data come from a spatially autocorrelated random process, it is possible to find specific designs that are much better. For example, it is possible to find universally optimum complete block designs that are optimal for a spatial process where the variables are independent among blocks but within blocks follow an autoregressive second order process. The problem with these designs is that they are only possible for certain combinations of plots, blocks, and treatments, and the optimality criteria is based on a particular set of contrasts. In this paper, I use methods based on simple genetic algorithms with simulating annealing to find good experimental designs for any combination of plots, blocks, treatments, and any set of contrasts. The computer intensive methods find optimal designs equivalent to universally optimum complete block design for certain sets of contrasts, and they find better designs for other sets of contrasts. The computer intensive methods are much better than randomized designs. I show a real example for a 2 x 3 factorial experiment where shade and water treatments were applied to examine their effects on caribou forage quality, where I also examine the robustness of the design. General guidelines are discussed on using computer intensive methods to find near-optimal designs. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Hoef, Jay M. Ver] NMFS Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Hoef, JMV (reprint author), Natl Weather Serv, POB 757345, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM jay.verhoef@noaa.gov
OI Ver Hoef, Jay/0000-0003-4302-6895
FU National Marine Fisheries Service of NOAA; Division of Wildlife
Conservation of the Alaska Department of Fish and Game
FX This project received financial support from the National Marine
Fisheries Service of NOAA and the Division of Wildlife Conservation of
the Alaska Department of Fish and Game.
NR 20
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1572-3127
J9 STAT METHODOL
JI Stat. Methodol.
PD JAN-MAR
PY 2012
VL 9
IS 1-2
SI SI
BP 172
EP 184
DI 10.1016/j.stamet.2011.04.005
PG 13
WC Statistics & Probability
SC Mathematics
GA 946HK
UT WOS:000304341900015
ER
PT J
AU Lemos, RT
Sanso, B
AF Lemos, Ricardo T.
Sanso, Bruno
TI Conditionally linear models for non-homogeneous spatial random fields
SO STATISTICAL METHODOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Spatial random fields; Spatial interpolation; Bayesian inference
ID COVARIANCE STRUCTURE; SPATIOTEMPORAL DATA; GAUSSIAN-PROCESSES; DATA
SETS; DATASETS; LIKELIHOOD
AB We consider parsimonious representations of non-homogeneous spatial random fields. We focus on processes that can be represented as linear combinations of basis functions. As the basis functions are allowed to depend on unknown parameters, we identify such models with conditionally linear processes. We present a detailed description of an approach that uses discrete process convolutions with spatially varying, compactly supported kernels. We discuss the similarities and differences between this approach and the predictive Gaussian process approach. We also discuss the problem of obtaining decompositions of a spatial random field, as well as spatio-temporal extensions of our spatial models. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Sanso, Bruno] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Lemos, Ricardo T.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Pacific Grove, CA USA.
RP Sanso, B (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Appl Math & Stat, 1156 High St,MS SOE2, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
EM rtl@net.sapo.pt; bruno@ams.ucsc.edu
RI Silva Tavares de Lemos, Ricardo/D-6703-2012
FU National Science Foundation [DMS-0906765]
FX Bruno Sanso was partially supported by National Science Foundation grant
DMS-0906765.
NR 35
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1572-3127
EI 1878-0954
J9 STAT METHODOL
JI Stat. Methodol.
PD JAN-MAR
PY 2012
VL 9
IS 1-2
SI SI
BP 275
EP 284
DI 10.1016/j.stamet.2011.02.001
PG 10
WC Statistics & Probability
SC Mathematics
GA 946HK
UT WOS:000304341900023
ER
PT J
AU Kumari, H
Kline, SR
Wycoff, WG
Paul, RL
Mossine, AV
Deakyne, CA
Atwood, JL
AF Kumari, Harshita
Kline, Steven R.
Wycoff, Wei G.
Paul, Rick L.
Mossine, Andrew V.
Deakyne, Carol A.
Atwood, Jerry L.
TI Solution-Phase Structures of Gallium-Containing Pyrogallol[4]arene
Scaffolds
SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
LA English
DT Article
DE gallium; pyrogallol[4]arene; small-angle neutron scattering;
supramolecular chemistry; toroids
ID METAL-COORDINATED CAPSULES; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; ORGANIC NANOCAPSULES;
DIFFUSION NMR; RESORCINARENE; NANOTUBES; ROBUST
C1 [Kumari, Harshita; Wycoff, Wei G.; Mossine, Andrew V.; Deakyne, Carol A.; Atwood, Jerry L.] Univ Missouri, Dept Chem, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Kline, Steven R.] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Paul, Rick L.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Deakyne, CA (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Chem, 601 S Coll Ave, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
EM deakynec@missouri.edu; atwoodj@missouri.edu
FU NSF [DMR-0944772, CHE-89-08304]; NIBIB [T21 EB004822]; NIH/NCRR [S10
RR022341-01]
FX We thank NSF for support of this work (J.L.A.). This work utilized
facilities supported in part by the National Science Foundation under
Agreement No. DMR-0944772 (S.R.K.), NIBIB training grant T21 EB004822
(A.V.M.), NSF grant CHE-89-08304, NIH/NCRR S10 RR022341-01 (Cold probe)
for NMR. Certain trade names and company products are identified to
adequately specify the experimental procedure. In no case does such
identification imply recommendation or endorsement by the National
Institute of Standards and Technology, nor does it imply that the
products are necessarily best for the purpose.
NR 33
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 21
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1433-7851
J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT
JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit.
PY 2012
VL 51
IS 21
BP 5086
EP 5091
DI 10.1002/anie.201200209
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 942LG
UT WOS:000304044900007
PM 22511521
ER
PT J
AU Lyapustin, A
Wang, Y
Laszlo, I
Korkin, S
AF Lyapustin, A.
Wang, Y.
Laszlo, I.
Korkin, S.
TI Improved cloud and snow screening in MAIAC aerosol retrievals using
spectral and spatial analysis
SO ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
LA English
DT Article
ID LAND; REGION
AB An improved cloud/snow screening technique in the Multi-Angle Implementation of Atmospheric Correction (MAIAC) algorithm is described. It is implemented as part of MAIAC aerosol retrievals based on analysis of spectral residuals and spatial variability. Comparisons with AERONET aerosol observations and a large-scale MODIS data analysis show strong suppression of aerosol optical thickness outliers due to unresolved clouds and snow. At the same time, the developed filter does not reduce the aerosol retrieval capability at high 1 km resolution in strongly inhomogeneous environments, such as near centers of the active fires. Despite significant improvement, the optical depth outliers in high spatial resolution data are and will remain the problem to be addressed by the application-dependent specialized filtering techniques.
C1 [Lyapustin, A.] NASA, Atmospheres Lab, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Wang, Y.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA.
[Laszlo, I.] NOAA NESDIS STAR, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Korkin, S.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Columbia, MD USA.
RP Lyapustin, A (reprint author), NASA, Atmospheres Lab, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM alexei.i.lyapustin@nasa.gov
RI Laszlo, Istvan/F-5603-2010; Lyapustin, Alexei/H-9924-2014
OI Laszlo, Istvan/0000-0002-5747-9708; Lyapustin,
Alexei/0000-0003-1105-5739
FU NASA; NOAA GOES-R
FX The research of A. Lyapustin, Y. Wang and S. Korkin was funded by the
NASA Terrestrial Ecology Program (D. Wickland), NASA Applications
Program (L. Friedl, B. Doorn) and in part by the NOAA GOES-R program (M.
Goldberg). The work of I. Laszlo is supported by the NOAA GOES-R
program. We are grateful to AERONET team for providing data.
NR 22
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 10
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1867-1381
EI 1867-8548
J9 ATMOS MEAS TECH
JI Atmos. Meas. Tech.
PY 2012
VL 5
IS 4
BP 843
EP 850
DI 10.5194/amt-5-843-2012
PG 8
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 942OY
UT WOS:000304056200010
ER
PT J
AU Chen, H
Winderlich, J
Gerbig, C
Katrynski, K
Jordan, A
Heimann, M
AF Chen, H.
Winderlich, J.
Gerbig, C.
Katrynski, K.
Jordan, A.
Heimann, M.
TI Validation of routine continuous airborne CO2 observations near the
Bialystok Tall Tower
SO ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
LA English
DT Article
ID COLUMN OBSERVING NETWORK; REGIONAL-SCALE FLUXES; CARBON-DIOXIDE;
ATMOSPHERIC CO2; GREENHOUSE GASES; TRANSPORT MODELS; CENTRAL SIBERIA;
AIR SAMPLES; AIRCRAFT; SINKS
AB Since 2002 in situ airborne measurements of atmospheric CO2 mixing ratios have been performed regularly aboard a rental aircraft near Bialystok (53A degrees 08A ' N, 23A degrees 09A ' E), a city in northeastern Poland. Since August 2008, the in situ CO2 measurements have been made by a modified commercially available and fully automated non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) analyzer system. The response of the analyzer has been characterized and the CO2 mixing ratio stability of the associated calibration system has been fully tested, which results in an optimal calibration strategy and allows for an accuracy of the CO2 measurements within 0.2 ppm. Besides the in situ measurements, air samples have been collected in glass flasks and analyzed in the laboratory for CO2 and other trace gases. To validate the in situ CO2 measurements against reliable discrete flask measurements, we developed weighting functions that mimic the temporal averaging of the flask sampling process. Comparisons between in situ and flask CO2 measurements demonstrate that these weighting functions can compensate for atmospheric variability, and provide an effective method for validating airborne in situ CO2 measurements. In addition, we show the nine-year records of flask CO2 measurements. The new system, automated since August 2008, has eliminated the need for manual in-flight calibrations, and thus enables an additional vertical profile, 20 km away, to be sampled at no additional cost in terms of flight hours. This sampling strategy provides an opportunity to investigate both temporal and spatial variability on a regular basis.
C1 [Chen, H.; Winderlich, J.; Gerbig, C.; Jordan, A.; Heimann, M.] Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, D-07745 Jena, Germany.
[Katrynski, K.] AeroMeteo Serv, PL-15620 Bialystok, Poland.
RP Chen, H (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM huilin.chen@noaa.gov
RI Heimann, Martin/H-7807-2016; Chen, Huilin/J-9479-2012; Gerbig,
Christoph/L-3532-2013
OI Heimann, Martin/0000-0001-6296-5113; Chen, Huilin/0000-0002-1573-6673;
Gerbig, Christoph/0000-0002-1112-8603
FU European Commission through the In-service Aircraft for a Global
Observing System (IAGOS); CarboEurope; Max Planck Society
FX The authors are grateful for the ongoing collaboration with the flight
club in Bialystok (Aeroklub Bialostocki), Poland. We thank Olaf Kolle,
Karl Kuebler, Frank Voigt, Reimo Leppert, and the flight club in Jena,
Germany, for supporting the field tests with the CO2
analyzer. We would also like to give our thanks to Michal Ciborowski for
his technical assistance, to Michael Rothe and Willi A. Brand for
providing flask analysis results for isotopic ratios of
delta13C and delta18O in CO2, and to
Emily Wheeler for her assistance in editing the manuscript. This work
was supported by the European Commission through the In-service Aircraft
for a Global Observing System (IAGOS) Design Study, an FP6 project.
Funding for the regular flights in Bialystok was provided by CarboEurope
and the Max Planck Society.
NR 50
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 6
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1867-1381
J9 ATMOS MEAS TECH
JI Atmos. Meas. Tech.
PY 2012
VL 5
IS 4
BP 873
EP 889
DI 10.5194/amt-5-873-2012
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 942OY
UT WOS:000304056200012
ER
PT J
AU Song, Z
Qiao, F
Lei, X
Wang, C
AF Song, Z.
Qiao, F.
Lei, X.
Wang, C.
TI Influence of parallel computational uncertainty on simulations of the
Coupled General Climate Model
SO GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID SYSTEM MODEL
AB This paper investigates the impact of the parallel computational uncertainty due to the round-off error on climate simulations using the Community Climate System Model Version 3 (CCSM3). A series of sensitivity experiments have been conducted and the analyses are focused on the Global and Nino3.4 average sea surface temperatures (SST). For the monthly time series, it is shown that the amplitude of the deviation induced by the parallel computational uncertainty is the same order as that of the climate system change. However, the ensemble mean method can reduce the influence and the ensemble member number of 15 is enough to ignore the uncertainty. For climatology, the influence can be ignored when the climatological mean is calculated by using more than 30-yr simulations. It is also found that the parallel computational uncertainty has no distinguishable effect on power spectrum analysis of climate variability such as ENSO. Finally, it is suggested that the influence of the parallel computational uncertainty on Coupled General Climate Models (CGCMs) can be a quality standard or a metric for developing CGCMs.
C1 [Song, Z.; Qiao, F.; Lei, X.] SOA, Inst Oceanog 1, Qingdao, Peoples R China.
[Song, Z.] Ocean Univ China, Coll Phys & Environm Oceanog, Qingdao, Peoples R China.
[Wang, C.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Phys Oceanog Div, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Qiao, F (reprint author), SOA, Inst Oceanog 1, Qingdao, Peoples R China.
EM qiaofl@fio.org.cn
RI Song, Zhenya/F-9819-2013; Wang, Chunzai /C-9712-2009
OI Song, Zhenya/0000-0002-8098-5529; Wang, Chunzai /0000-0002-7611-0308
FU National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2010CB950500];
National Natural Science Foundation of China [40730842, 40906018]; Key
Supercomputing Science-Technology Project of Shandong Province of China
[2011YD01107]
FX This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China
(973 Program) through grant 2010CB950500, the Key Project of National
Natural Science Foundation of China through grant 40730842, the Project
of National Natural Science Foundation of China through grant 40906018
and the Key Supercomputing Science-Technology Project of Shandong
Province of China through grant 2011YD01107.
NR 16
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 5
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1991-959X
J9 GEOSCI MODEL DEV
JI Geosci. Model Dev.
PY 2012
VL 5
IS 2
BP 313
EP 319
DI 10.5194/gmd-5-313-2012
PG 7
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 942QD
UT WOS:000304060600004
ER
PT J
AU Huang, Q
Cai, JF
Wu, H
He, YB
Chen, BL
Qian, GD
AF Huang, Qian
Cai, Jianfeng
Wu, Hui
He, Yabing
Chen, Banglin
Qian, Guodong
TI A robust microporous metal-organic framework constructed from a flexible
organic linker for highly selective sorption of methanol over ethanol
and water
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID INFINITE POLYMERIC FRAMEWORKS; RATIONALLY TUNED MICROPORES;
CARBON-DIOXIDE CAPTURE; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; COORDINATION POLYMER; KINETIC
SEPARATION; SMALL MOLECULES; GAS-ADSORPTION; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; CO2 UPTAKE
AB A microporous metal-organic framework MOF 1 [Zn(L)(2)(methanol)(2)] (H2L (1R, 3S)-1,2,2-trimethyl- 3-(pyridin-4-ylcarbamoyl) cyclopentanecarboxylic acid) constructed from a flexible Zn2+ node and a flexible organic linker L was obtained by solvothermal reaction of diamond topology, and exhibits highly selective sorption of methanol over ethanol and water.
C1 [Huang, Qian; Cai, Jianfeng; Chen, Banglin; Qian, Guodong] Zhejiang Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cyrus Tang Ctr Sensor Mat & Applicat, State Key Lab Silicon Mat, Hangzhou 310027, Peoples R China.
[He, Yabing; Chen, Banglin] Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Chem, UTSA Circle 1, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA.
[Wu, Hui] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Wu, Hui] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Chen, BL (reprint author), Zhejiang Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cyrus Tang Ctr Sensor Mat & Applicat, State Key Lab Silicon Mat, Hangzhou 310027, Peoples R China.
EM banglin.chen@utsa.edu; gdqian@zju.edu.cn
RI Wu, Hui/C-6505-2008; He, Yabing/H-3314-2012; Qian, Guodong/A-5034-2012;
Chen, Banglin/F-5461-2010
OI Wu, Hui/0000-0003-0296-5204; Chen, Banglin/0000-0001-8707-8115
FU PCSIRT; National Natural Science Foundation of China [50625206,
50928201, 50972127, 51010002]; Welch Foundation [AX-1730]
FX We are grateful for financial support for this work from PCSIRT, the
National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 50625206, 50928201,
50972127 and 51010002). This work was also partially supported by an
Award AX-1730 from Welch Foundation (BC).
NR 72
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 4
U2 57
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0959-9428
J9 J MATER CHEM
JI J. Mater. Chem.
PY 2012
VL 22
IS 20
BP 10352
EP 10355
DI 10.1039/c2jm15604k
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 934KF
UT WOS:000303442300033
ER
PT J
AU Cope, JM
Haltuch, MA
AF Cope, Jason M.
Haltuch, Melissa A.
TI Temporal and spatial summer groundfish assemblages in trawlable habitat
off the west coast of the USA, 1977 to 2009
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Cluster analysis; Fisheries management; Multispecies interactions;
Catch-per-unit-effort; Marine ecosystems
ID POPULATION BIOLOGY; MARINE-FISHERIES; UPPER SLOPE; OREGON; WASHINGTON;
MANAGEMENT; SHELF; FISH; CONSERVATION; STRATEGY
AB Increasingly, multispecies interactions are being considered by US management councils during decision making, which highlights the need for identification of fish assemblages across varying spatial and temporal resolutions. On the US West Coast, previous groundfish assemblage analyses have focused either on particular species groups (i.e. Sebastes) or limited time frames and/or geographic regions within the groundfish fishery. The present study expands on previous work to identify groundfish assemblages across the full spatial extent of the West Coast groundfish fishery from 1977-2009, by using 2 fishery-independent trawl surveys. Species assemblages were identified using 2 clustering methods (partitioning analysis and hierarchical analysis) and 2 realizations of the data (presence-absence and log+1 transformed catch-per-unit-effort, CPUE). The analysis using presence-absence data provides information on species that co-occur while the CPUE data provides information on species that occur at similar magnitudes. Temporally and spatially persistent assemblages were detected by both clustering methods through most years. Assemblages identified using CPUE were often subsets of those identified using presence-absence, indicating that the members of an assemblage may occur together, but not necessarily at the same magnitude, a result that should be considered when choosing the clustering metric. Identification of species assemblages is applicable to bycatch models and informative when evaluating the implementation of spatial management measures, and thus germane to current challenges faced by marine resource managers.
C1 [Cope, Jason M.; Haltuch, Melissa A.] NOAA Fisheries, Fishery Resource Anal & Monitoring Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Cope, JM (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, Fishery Resource Anal & Monitoring Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM jason.cope@noaa.gov
NR 40
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 9
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2012
VL 451
BP 187
EP 200
DI 10.3354/meps09595
PG 14
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 940QL
UT WOS:000303908000014
ER
PT J
AU Najarro, M
Morris, MED
Staymates, ME
Fletcher, R
Gillen, G
AF Najarro, Marcela
Morris, Melissa E. Davila
Staymates, Matthew E.
Fletcher, Robert
Gillen, Greg
TI Optimized thermal desorption for improved sensitivity in trace
explosives detection by ion mobility spectrometry
SO ANALYST
LA English
DT Article
AB In this work we evaluate the influence of thermal desorber temperature on the analytical response of a swipe-based thermal desorption ion mobility spectrometer (IMS) for detection of trace explosives. IMS response for several common high explosives ranging from 0.1 ng to 100 ng was measured over a thermal desorber temperature range from 60 degrees C to 280 degrees C. Most of the explosives examined demonstrated a well-defined maximum IMS signal response at a temperature slightly below the melting point. Optimal temperatures, giving the highest IMS peak intensity, were 80 degrees C for trinitrotoluene (TNT), 100 degrees C for pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN), 160 degrees C for cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX) and 200 degrees C for cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine (HMX). By modifying the desorber temperature, we were able to increase cumulative IMS signal by a factor of 5 for TNT and HMX, and by a factor of 10 for RDX and PETN. Similar signal enhancements were observed for the same compounds formulated as plastic-bonded explosives (Composition 4 (C-4), Detasheet, and Semtex). In addition, mixtures of the explosives exhibited similar enhancements in analyte peak intensities. The increases in sensitivity were obtained at the expense of increased analysis times of up to 20 seconds. A slow sample heating rate as well as slower vapor-phase analyte introduction rate caused by low-temperature desorption enhanced the analytical sensitivity of individual explosives, plastic-bonded explosives, and explosives mixtures by IMS. Several possible mechanisms that can affect IMS signal response were investigated such as thermal degradation of the analytes, ionization efficiency, competitive ionization from background, and aerosol emission.
C1 [Najarro, Marcela; Morris, Melissa E. Davila; Staymates, Matthew E.; Fletcher, Robert; Gillen, Greg] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Najarro, M (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 100 Bur Dr,Mailstop 8371, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM najarro@nist.gov
FU Transportation Security Laboratory, Science and Technology Directorate
of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security; National Institute of
Standards and Technology
FX The Transportation Security Laboratory, Science and Technology
Directorate of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security sponsored the
production of this work under an Interagency Agreement with the National
Institute of Standards and Technology.
NR 29
TC 25
Z9 28
U1 3
U2 24
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0003-2654
J9 ANALYST
JI Analyst
PY 2012
VL 137
IS 11
BP 2614
EP 2622
DI 10.1039/c2an16145a
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 938XY
UT WOS:000303768100015
PM 22498665
ER
PT J
AU Tsai, DH
Elzey, S
DelRio, FW
Keene, AM
Tyner, KM
Clogston, JD
MacCuspie, RI
Guha, S
Zachariah, MR
Hackley, VA
AF Tsai, De-Hao
Elzey, Sherrie
DelRio, Frank W.
Keene, Athena M.
Tyner, Katherine M.
Clogston, Jeffrey D.
MacCuspie, Robert I.
Guha, Suvajyoti
Zachariah, Michael R.
Hackley, Vincent A.
TI Tumor necrosis factor interaction with gold nanoparticles
SO NANOSCALE
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSFORM-INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; DIFFERENTIAL MOBILITY ANALYSIS;
PLASMA-PROTEIN ADSORPTION; BOVINE SERUM-ALBUMIN; COLLOIDAL GOLD;
SOLID-SURFACES; DRUG-DELIVERY; TNF-ALPHA; POLYMERIC NANOPARTICLES;
POLY(ETHYLENE GLYCOL)
AB We report on a systematic investigation of molecular conjugation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) protein onto gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and the subsequent binding behavior to its antibody (anti-TNF). We employ a combination of physical and spectroscopic characterization methods, including electrospray-differential mobility analysis, dynamic light scattering, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, fluorescence assay, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The native TNF used in this study exists in the active homotrimer configuration prior to conjugation. After binding to AuNPs, the maximum surface density of TNF is (0.09 +/- 0.02) nm(-2) with a binding constant of 3 x 10(6) (mol L-1)(-1). Dodecyl sulfate ions induce desorption of monomeric TNF from the AuNP surface, indicating a relatively weak intermolecular binding within the AuNP-bound TNF trimers. Anti-TNF binds to both TNF-conjugated and citrate-stabilized AuNPs, showing that non-specific binding is significant. Based on the number of anti-TNF molecules adsorbed, a substantially higher binding affinity was observed for the TNF-conjugated surface. The inclusion of thiolated polyethylene glycol (SH-PEG) on the AuNPs inhibits the binding of anti-TNF, and the amount of inhibition is related to the number ratio of surface bound SH-PEG to TNF and the way in which the ligands are introduced. This study highlights the challenges in quantitatively characterizing complex hybrid nanoscale conjugates, and provides insight on TNF-AuNP formation and activity.
C1 [Tsai, De-Hao; Elzey, Sherrie; DelRio, Frank W.; MacCuspie, Robert I.; Guha, Suvajyoti; Zachariah, Michael R.; Hackley, Vincent A.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Keene, Athena M.; Tyner, Katherine M.] US FDA, Ctr Drug Evaluat & Res, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA.
[Clogston, Jeffrey D.] NCI Frederick, Nanotechnol Characterizat Lab, Adv Technol Program, SAIC Frederick Inc, Frederick, MD 21702 USA.
[Guha, Suvajyoti; Zachariah, Michael R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mech Engn, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Guha, Suvajyoti; Zachariah, Michael R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Hackley, VA (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM vince.hackley@nist.gov
RI Tsai, De-Hao/K-6702-2012; Nanotechnology Characterization Lab,
NCL/K-8454-2012;
OI Tsai, De-Hao/0000-0002-2669-3007; Guha, Suvajyoti/0000-0002-7622-2721;
MacCuspie, Robert/0000-0002-6618-6499; Hackley,
Vincent/0000-0003-4166-2724
FU National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health
[HHSN261200800001E]; Center for Drug Evaluation and Research
FX The authors acknowledge Anil Patri and Sarah Skoczen of the National
Cancer Institute's Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory, and Jiwen
Zheng at FDA for helpful discussions and for assistance with PAGE
measurements. The authors also thank Robert Cook, Sang-Min Lee, Tae Joon
Cho, and Lei Zhou at NIST for manuscript review and insightful comments.
This research was performed while S. E. held a National Research Council
Research Associateship Award at NIST. This project has been funded in
part with federal funds from the National Cancer Institute, National
Institutes of Health, under contract no. HHSN261200800001E. This project
was supported in part by an appointment of AMK to the Research
Participation Program at the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research
administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy
and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. The content of this
publication does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the
Department of Health and Human Services, nor does mention of trade
names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the
U.S. Government.
NR 76
TC 18
Z9 20
U1 3
U2 30
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 2040-3364
J9 NANOSCALE
JI Nanoscale
PY 2012
VL 4
IS 10
BP 3208
EP 3217
DI 10.1039/c2nr30415e
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 936QB
UT WOS:000303604000033
PM 22481570
ER
PT J
AU Raborn, SW
Gallaway, BJ
Cole, JG
Gazey, WJ
Andrews, KI
AF Raborn, Scott W.
Gallaway, Benny J.
Cole, John G.
Gazey, William J.
Andrews, Kate I.
TI Effects of Turtle Excluder Devices (TEDs) on the Bycatch of Three Small
Coastal Sharks in the Gulf of Mexico Penaeid Shrimp Fishery
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID PRAWN TRAWL FISHERY; REDUCTION DEVICES; UNITED-STATES; POWER; MODEL;
CATCH
AB The stock of blacknose sharks Carcharhinus acronotus in the U.S. South Atlantic and the Gulf of Mexico is overfished, and according to the 2007 stock assessment conducted by the National Marine Fisheries Service overfishing continues to occur. Penaeid shrimp trawl bycatch rates in the Gulf of Mexico were modeled for this species as well as for the Atlantic sharpnose shark Rhizoprionodon terraenovae and bonnethead shark Sphyrna tiburo using a combination of research trawl and observer data. Research trawls have never used turtle excluder devices (TEDs), which are expected to exclude larger specimens of blacknose sharks. Most of the observer data that contain blacknose shark occurrences were collected during the pre-TED era when the two data sets tracked one another. Minimum observer data were available for the post-TED period (1990-present). As a consequence, the pre-TED (1972-1989) relationship between observer and research trawl catch per unit effort (CPUE) is driving the observer CPUE estimates from 1990 to the present, a period characterized by increased blacknose shark abundance. We suspected that the increase in predicted observer CPUE in the post-TED era is an artifact of application of the pre-TED observer and research trawl relationship to the post-TED era. This suspicion led us to question whether the bycatch of these species was altered due to the use of TEDs. We used negative binomial regression in a before-after-control-impact setting to test the effects of TEDs on the bycatch rates of these small coastal sharks. The TED effect was found to substantially reduce the bycatch of blacknose sharks (by 94%) and to do so moderately for bonnethead sharks (31%); the results were inconclusive for Atlantic sharpnose sharks. The management implication of our findings is that the existing small coastal shark-penaeid shrimp fishery bycatch model needs to be modified or replaced with a model that explicitly incorporates the potential for a TED effect.
C1 [Raborn, Scott W.; Gallaway, Benny J.; Cole, John G.] LGL Ecol Res Associates Inc, Bryan, TX 77801 USA.
[Gazey, William J.] Gazey Res, Victoria, BC V8X 4R1, Canada.
[Andrews, Kate I.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Beaufort Lab, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
RP Raborn, SW (reprint author), LGL Ecol Res Associates Inc, 1410 Cavitt Ave, Bryan, TX 77801 USA.
EM sraborn@lgl.com
NR 32
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 31
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PY 2012
VL 32
IS 2
BP 333
EP 345
DI 10.1080/02755947.2012.678962
PG 13
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 936OY
UT WOS:000303601100014
ER
PT J
AU Ilicak, M
Vallis, GK
AF Ilicak, Mehmet
Vallis, Geoffrey K.
TI Simulations and scaling of horizontal convection
SO TELLUS SERIES A-DYNAMIC METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE horizontal convection; sideways convection; meridional overturning
circulation; buoyant plume; gravity current; horizontal density gradient
ID CIRCULATION; ENERGY; MODEL
AB In this paper we describe the results of various numerical simulations of sideways or horizontal convection. Specifically, a two-dimensional Boussinesq fluid is both heated and cooled from its upper surface, but the walls and the bottom of the tank are insulating and have no flux of heat through them. We perform experiments with a range of Rayleigh numbers up to 10(11), obtained by systematically reducing the diffusivity. We also explore the effects of a nonlinear equation of state and of a mechanical force imposed on the top surface at a fixed Rayleigh number. We find that, when there is no mechanical forcing, both the energy dissipation and the strength of the circulation itself monotonically fall with decreasing diffusivity. At Rayleigh numbers greater than 10(10) the flow is unsteady; however, the eddying flow is still much weaker than the steady flow at smaller Rayleigh numbers. At high Rayleigh numbers, the stratification and the mean circulation are increasingly confined to a thin layer at the upper surface, with the layer thickness decreasing according to Ra-1/5. There is no evidence that the flow ever enters a regime that is independent of Rayleigh number. Using a nonlinear equation of state makes little difference to the flow phenomenology at a moderate Rayleigh number. The addition of an imposed stress at the upper surface makes a significant difference in the flow. A strong, energy-dissipating circulation can be maintained even at Ra = 10(9), and the stratification extends more deeply into the fluid than in the unstressed case. Overall, our results are consistent with the notion that in the absence of mechanical forcing a fluid that is heated and cooled from above cannot maintain a deep stratification or a strong sustained flow at high Rayleigh numbers, even if the interior flow is unsteady.
C1 [Ilicak, Mehmet; Vallis, Geoffrey K.] Princeton Univ, AOS GFDL, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
RP Ilicak, M (reprint author), Princeton Univ, AOS GFDL, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM mehmet.ilicak@noaa.gov
RI ILICAK, Mehmet/H-2219-2011
OI ILICAK, Mehmet/0000-0002-4777-8835
FU NSF [OCE-1027603]; DOE [DE-SC0005189]
FX We thank Andy Hogg for suggesting the experiment with enhanced diffusion
near the surface and the anonymous reviewers for their comments. This
work was supported by NSF award OCE-1027603 and DOE award DE-SC0005189.
NR 21
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU CO-ACTION PUBLISHING
PI JARFALLA
PA RIPVAGEN 7, JARFALLA, SE-175 64, SWEDEN
SN 0280-6495
EI 1600-0870
J9 TELLUS A
JI Tellus Ser. A-Dyn. Meteorol. Oceanol.
PY 2012
VL 64
AR 18377
DI 10.3402/tellusa.v64i0.18377
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
GA 942JA
UT WOS:000304039000001
ER
PT J
AU Mongillo, TM
Holmes, EE
Noren, DP
VanBlaricom, GR
Punt, AE
O'Neill, SM
Ylitalo, GM
Hanson, MB
Ross, PS
AF Mongillo, Teresa M.
Holmes, Elizabeth E.
Noren, Dawn P.
VanBlaricom, Glenn R.
Punt, Andre E.
O'Neill, Sandra M.
Ylitalo, Gina M.
Hanson, M. Bradley
Ross, Peter S.
TI Predicted polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) and polychlorinated
biphenyl (PCB) accumulation in southern resident killer whales
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE PCB; PBDE; Bioaccumulation; Killer whale; Model; Contaminants;
Persistent organic pollutants
ID BOTTLE-NOSED DOLPHINS; PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; BROMINATED FLAME
RETARDANTS; ORCINUS-ORCA; TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; BRITISH-COLUMBIA;
ORGANOCHLORINE COMPOUNDS; TEMPORAL TRENDS; CHINOOK SALMON; LIFE-HISTORY
AB Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are anthropogenic contaminants that bioaccumulate in upper trophic level species. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are POPs of particular concern because they can induce immunotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and reproductive impairment. Killer whales Orcinus orca can accumulate high concentrations of POPs because they are long-lived apex predators. Southern resident killer whales (SRKWs) are an endangered fish-eating population that consists of 3 pods (J, K, and L) with a geographic range from central California, USA, to the Queen Charlotte Islands, Canada. An individual-based modeling approach was used to predict the accumulation of sum PBDEs (Sigma PBDEs) and sum PCBs (Sigma PCBs) in specific individuals in the SRKW population. Model predictions for the current concentrations corresponded closely to the concentrations measured in biopsies collected from known individuals. The predicted Sigma PBDE concentrations over the life-span of individual killer whales were consistent with a doubling time of similar to 3 to 4 yr, highlighting the rapid emergence of PBDEs as a priority concern in these animals. J pod individuals had the highest predicted Sigma PBDE and Sigma PCB concentrations, likely due to their increased residence time near industrial centers. Modeled historical Sigma PCB concentrations did not increase substantially over time or with age in males born after 1970, whereas the Sigma PBDE concentrations increased over time and with age. In general, modeled future projections indicated that the average male and female had similar Sigma PBDE trends with age, time, and diet scenario. Future Sigma PCBs are predicted to slowly decline; however, SRKWs will continue to be exposed for several generations.
C1 [Holmes, Elizabeth E.; Noren, Dawn P.; O'Neill, Sandra M.; Ylitalo, Gina M.; Hanson, M. Bradley] NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Mongillo, Teresa M.; VanBlaricom, Glenn R.] US Geol Survey, Washington Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Ross, Peter S.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Inst Ocean Sci, Sidney, BC V8L 4B2, Canada.
[Mongillo, Teresa M.; VanBlaricom, Glenn R.; Punt, Andre E.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Mongillo, TM (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, NW Reg Off, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM teresa.mongillo@noaa.gov
OI Punt, Andre/0000-0001-8489-2488
FU NOAA/NMFS/NWFSC; SAFS/UW; Claire L. and Evelyn S. Egtvedt Fellowship;
Washington Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit of the US
Geological Survey, located at SAFS, UW
FX We thank Ken Balcomb and his colleagues at the Center for Whale
Research, Friday Harbor, Washington, who perform the SRKW annual surveys
and who provided the life history and population data. Brendan Hickie
(Trent University) provided guidance and support with the beginning
modeling structure. We offer additional thanks to Peter Olesiuk
(Fisheries and Oceans Canada), Peggy Krahn, Eric Ward, Brice Semmens,
and Yasmin Lucero (NWFSC, NOAA Fisheries), and the graduate students and
staff of the VanBlaricom lab (School of Aquatic & Fishery Sciences
[SAFS], University of Washington [UW], Seattle) for their advice during
the course of this study. We thank Trevor Branch and 3 anonymous
reviewers for their constructively critical comments on draft versions
of the manuscript. Main funding support for our work was provided by
NOAA/NMFS/NWFSC, the SAFS/UW, and the Claire L. and Evelyn S. Egtvedt
Fellowship. Additional support came from the Washington Cooperative Fish
and Wildlife Research Unit of the US Geological Survey, located at SAFS,
UW. The use of trade names or products does not constitute endorsement
by the US Government.
NR 88
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 6
U2 78
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2012
VL 453
BP 263
EP 277
DI 10.3354/meps09658
PG 15
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 937PK
UT WOS:000303670200014
ER
PT J
AU Constantine, R
Jackson, JA
Steel, D
Baker, CS
Brooks, L
Burns, D
Clapham, P
Hauser, N
Madon, B
Mattila, D
Oremus, M
Poole, M
Robbins, J
Thompson, K
Garrigue, C
AF Constantine, Rochelle
Jackson, Jennifer A.
Steel, Debbie
Baker, C. Scott
Brooks, Lyndon
Burns, Daniel
Clapham, Phillip
Hauser, Nan
Madon, Benedicte
Mattila, David
Oremus, Marc
Poole, Michael
Robbins, Jooke
Thompson, Kirsten
Garrigue, Claire
TI Abundance of humpback whales in Oceania using photo-identification and
microsatellite genotyping
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Constantine, Rochelle; Steel, Debbie; Baker, C. Scott; Oremus, Marc; Thompson, Kirsten] Univ Auckland, Sch Biol Sci, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
[Jackson, Jennifer A.] Marine Res Ltd, Portsmouth PO4 9RN, Hants, England.
[Steel, Debbie; Baker, C. Scott] Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Marine Mammal Inst, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Steel, Debbie; Baker, C. Scott] Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Brooks, Lyndon; Burns, Daniel] So Cross Univ, Marine Ecol Res Ctr, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia.
[Clapham, Phillip] Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Hauser, Nan] Cook Isl Whale Res, Avarua, Rarotonga, Cook Islands.
[Madon, Benedicte] Univ Auckland, Dept Stat, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
[Mattila, David] Hawaiian Isl Humpback Whale Natl Marine Sanctuary, Kihei, HI 96753 USA.
[Poole, Michael] Marine Mammal Res Program, Maharepa 98728, Moorea, Fr Polynesia.
[Robbins, Jooke] Provincetown Ctr Coastal Studies, Provincetown, MA 02657 USA.
[Oremus, Marc; Garrigue, Claire] Operat Cetaces, Noumea, New Caledonia.
RP Constantine, R (reprint author), Univ Auckland, Sch Biol Sci, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
EM r.constantine@auckland.ac.nz
RI Jackson, Jennifer/E-7997-2013
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 12
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2012
VL 453
PG 19
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 937PK
UT WOS:000303670200013
ER
PT J
AU Mongillo, TM
Holmes, EE
Noren, DP
VanBlaricom, GR
Punt, AE
O'Neill, SM
Ylitalo, GM
Hanson, MB
Ross, PS
AF Mongillo, Teresa M.
Holmes, Elizabeth E.
Noren, Dawn P.
VanBlaricom, Glenn R.
Punt, Andre E.
O'Neill, Sandra M.
Ylitalo, Gina M.
Hanson, M. Bradley
Ross, Peter S.
TI Predicted polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) and polychlorinated
biphenyl (PCB) accumulation in southern resident killer whales
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
ID BOTTLE-NOSED DOLPHINS; ORCINUS-ORCA; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; BLUBBER; WATERS
C1 [Mongillo, Teresa M.; VanBlaricom, Glenn R.; Punt, Andre E.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Holmes, Elizabeth E.; Noren, Dawn P.; O'Neill, Sandra M.; Ylitalo, Gina M.; Hanson, M. Bradley] NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Mongillo, Teresa M.; VanBlaricom, Glenn R.] US Geol Survey, Washington Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Ross, Peter S.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Inst Ocean Sci, Sidney, BC V8L 4B2, Canada.
RP Mongillo, TM (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, NW Reg Off, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM teresa.mongillo@noaa.gov
NR 31
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 24
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2012
VL 453
PG 10
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 937PK
UT WOS:000303670200015
ER
PT J
AU Foote, AD
Hofreiter, M
Morin, PA
AF Foote, Andrew D.
Hofreiter, Michael
Morin, Phillip A.
TI Ancient DNA from marine mammals: Studying long-lived species over
ecological and evolutionary timescales
SO ANNALS OF ANATOMY-ANATOMISCHER ANZEIGER
LA English
DT Article
DE Ancient DNA; Distribution; DNA substitution rate; Ecology; Evolution;
Marine mammals; Stable isotopes
ID WESTERN NORTH-ATLANTIC; COMPLETE MITOCHONDRIAL GENOMES; STELLERS SEA
COW; BOWHEAD WHALES; GENETIC DIVERSITY; LATE PLEISTOCENE;
POPULATION-SIZE; ELEPHANT SEAL; MUTATION-RATE; MUSEUM SPECIMENS
AB Marine mammals have long generation times and broad, difficult to sample distributions, which makes inferring evolutionary and demographic changes using field studies of extant populations challenging. However, molecular analyses from sub-fossil or historical materials of marine mammals such as bone, tooth, baleen, skin, fur, whiskers and scrimshaw using ancient DNA (aDNA) approaches provide an opportunity for investigating such changes over evolutionary and ecological timescales. Here, we review the application of aDNA techniques to the study of marine mammals. Most of the studies have focused on detecting changes in genetic diversity following periods of exploitation and environmental change. To date, these studies have shown that even small sample sizes can provide useful information on historical genetic diversity. Ancient DNA has also been used in investigations of changes in distribution and range of marine mammal species; we review these studies and discuss the limitations of such 'presence only' studies. Combining aDNA data with stable isotopes can provide further insights into changes in ecology and we review past studies and suggest future potential applications. We also discuss studies reconstructing inter- and intra-specific phylogenies from aDNA sequences and discuss how aDNA sequences could be used to estimate mutation rates. Finally, we highlight some of the problems of aDNA studies on marine mammals, such as obtaining sufficient sample sizes and calibrating for the marine reservoir effect when radiocarbon-dating such wide-ranging species. (C) 2011 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
C1 [Foote, Andrew D.] Univ Copenhagen, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Ctr GeoGenet, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Hofreiter, Michael] Univ York, Dept Biol, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England.
[Morin, Phillip A.] NOAA, Protected Resources Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Foote, AD (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Ctr GeoGenet, OsterVolgade 5-7, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark.
EM FooteAD@gmail.com
RI Hofreiter, Michael/A-3996-2017
OI Hofreiter, Michael/0000-0003-0441-4705
FU Lundbeck Foundation; Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship; Centre for
GeoGenetics; Natural History Museum; University of Copenhagen; Southwest
Fisheries Science Center; University of York
FX AF was supported by the Lundbeck Foundation, a Marie Curie
Intra-European Fellowship and the Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural
History Museum, University of Copenhagen.; PAM was supported by the
Southwest Fisheries Science Center.; MH was supported by the University
of York.
NR 120
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 53
PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG
PI JENA
PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY
SN 0940-9602
J9 ANN ANAT
JI Ann. Anat.-Anat. Anz.
PY 2012
VL 194
IS 1
SI SI
BP 112
EP 120
DI 10.1016/j.aanat.2011.04.010
PG 9
WC Anatomy & Morphology
SC Anatomy & Morphology
GA 930LY
UT WOS:000303142100014
PM 21652193
ER
PT J
AU Brown, DP
Kipfmueller, KF
AF Brown, David P.
Kipfmueller, Kurt F.
TI Pacific Climate Forcing of Multidecadal Springtime Minimum Temperature
Variability in the Western United States
SO ANNALS OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN GEOGRAPHERS
LA English
DT Article
DE ENSO; PDO; spring; temperature; western United States
ID ENSO TELECONNECTIONS; PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS; NORTH-AMERICA; US;
PRECIPITATION; REGIONALIZATION; OSCILLATION; SNOWPACK; DROUGHT; TRENDS
AB Trends toward an earlier spring season onset in the western United States have been increasingly documented and are of interest to many different users of climate information throughout the region. Studies, however, have not adequately quantified the variability of spring season temperatures on multidecadal time scales. This study examines the spatio-temporal variability of spring season minimum temperatures in the western United States as a function of multidecadal Pacific climate variability for the period from 1925 to 1994. Spatio-temporal variations in minimum temperature patterns, as determined by a principal-components-based regionalization analysis, indicate a significant statistical relationship between March and April minimum temperatures and multidecadal Pacific climate variability, measured diagnostically using an index of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). Anomalous temperature patterns associated with cool phases of the PDO are evident in the Pacific Northwest region during March, whereas warm phases are evident in the Southern Coast region during April, suggesting a possible association with canonical interannual El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) impacts. These results, suggesting a strong and thus far uncharacterized relationship between spring temperature minima in the West and the PDO, have implications for an improved understanding of multidecadal climate dynamics, including the detection and attribution of recent temperature trends, as well as climate-driven environmental impacts such as growing season length and intensity.
C1 [Brown, David P.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Climat Data Ctr, Ft Worth, TX 76102 USA.
[Kipfmueller, Kurt F.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Geog, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
RP Brown, DP (reprint author), Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Climat Data Ctr, Ft Worth, TX 76102 USA.
EM david.p.brown@noaa.gov; kurt@umn.edu
NR 42
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 4
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-5608
EI 1467-8306
J9 ANN ASSOC AM GEOGR
JI Ann. Assoc. Am. Geogr.
PY 2012
VL 102
IS 3
BP 521
EP 530
DI 10.1080/00045608.2011.627052
PG 10
WC Geography
SC Geography
GA 930BG
UT WOS:000303109900001
ER
PT J
AU Machemer, EGP
Walter, JF
Serafy, JE
Kerstetter, DW
AF Machemer, Ethan G. P.
Walter, John F., III
Serafy, Joseph E.
Kerstetter, David W.
TI Importance of mangrove shorelines for rainbow parrotfish Scarus
guacamaia: habitat suitability modeling in a subtropical bay
SO AQUATIC BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Conservation; Logistic regression; Habitat suitability; Coral reefs;
Ontogenetic shifts
ID CORAL-REEF RESILIENCE; LOGISTIC-REGRESSION; LABORATORY OBSERVATIONS;
FISH ASSEMBLAGES; SHALLOW-WATER; SEAGRASS BEDS; BISCAYNE BAY;
CONNECTIVITY; ESTUARINE; FIELD
AB Rainbow parrotfish Scarus guacamaia is a coral-reef herbivore that requires both mangrove and coral-reef habitat to complete its life cycle. This species is listed as 'vulnerable' by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. The present study used a long-term visual survey of mangrove fishes to develop a predictive habitat model for juvenile S. guacamaia. The factors tested were temperature, dissolved oxygen, salinity, average depth, distance from offshore channel openings, temperature variation (Delta T), and salinity variation (Delta S). The average depth, distance from offshore channel openings, Delta T, and Delta S emerged as significant within the model evaluations. The results suggested that high variation in salinity reduces mangrove habitat suitability for this species. Salinity variation along many of south Florida's coastal bays is largely driven by water management-related freshwater canal discharges. Everglades restoration efforts seek to reduce Delta S along south Florida's mainland shoreline; thus, if successful, restoration may also confer benefits to Scarus guacamaia through the subsequent expansion of suitable mangrove habitat.
C1 [Machemer, Ethan G. P.; Kerstetter, David W.] Nova SE Univ Oceanog Ctr, Dania, FL 33004 USA.
[Walter, John F., III; Serafy, Joseph E.] NOAA NMFS SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Serafy, Joseph E.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Kerstetter, DW (reprint author), Nova SE Univ Oceanog Ctr, 8000 N Ocean Dr, Dania, FL 33004 USA.
EM kerstett@nova.edu
RI Kerstetter, David/I-5396-2012
FU RECOVER (US Army Corps of Engineers and South Florida Water Management
District); Southeast Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries
Service, NOAA
FX We thank B. Teare, D. L. Jones, B. K. Walker, and J. A. Bohnsack for
their technical assistance. Financial support for the mangrove-fish
surveys was provided by RECOVER (US Army Corps of Engineers and South
Florida Water Management District) and the Southeast Fisheries Science
Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA.
NR 44
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 5
U2 42
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 1864-7790
J9 AQUAT BIOL
JI Aquat. Biol.
PY 2012
VL 15
IS 1
BP 87
EP 98
DI 10.3354/ab00412
PG 12
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 931HG
UT WOS:000303206400008
ER
PT S
AU Polyakov, SV
Flagg, EB
Muller, A
Migdall, A
Solomon, GS
AF Polyakov, Sergey V.
Flagg, Edward B.
Muller, Andreas
Migdall, Alan
Solomon, Glenn S.
BE DAriano, M
Fei, SM
Haven, E
Hiesmayr, B
Jaeger, G
Khrennikov, A
Larsson, JA
TI Indistinguishability of single photons from dissimilar single-photon
sources
SO FOUNDATIONS OF PROBABILITY AND PHYSICS - 6
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Foundations of Probability and Physics - 6 (FPP)
CY JUN 14-16, 2011
CL Vaxjo, SWEDEN
SP Linnaeus Univ, Int Ctr Math Modelling Phys, Engn, Econom & Cognit Sci
DE Single Photons; Quantum Dots; Parametric Down-conversion; Quantum
Interferometry
ID QUANTUM-DOT; ATOMIC ENSEMBLES; INTERFERENCE; DEVICE; LIGHT; BEAMS
AB In quantum mechanics, particles in identical states are indistinguishable, giving rise to effects with no classical analog. For instance, the bosonic nature of light insures that upon interference two indistinguishable photons will coalesce into a single inseparable state. Through this coalescence, we demonstrate that photons produced from two separate quantum dots are indistinguishable. Further, we show that single photons created in a fundamentally different process - parametric down-conversion in a nonlinear crystal - can be manipulated to be indistinguishable from those from quantum dots. The quantum interference in both experiments occurs with a visibility reduced from unity because the quantum dot photons are not lifetime-limited due to the presence of pure dephasing. The measured visibility closely matches the theoretical visibility predicted for photons with the parameters of those measured here.
C1 [Polyakov, Sergey V.; Flagg, Edward B.; Muller, Andreas; Migdall, Alan; Solomon, Glenn S.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Polyakov, SV (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RI Flagg, Edward/G-2897-2013
OI Flagg, Edward/0000-0002-8065-4092
NR 27
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-1004-6
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2012
VL 1424
DI 10.1063/1.3688982
PG 13
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA BZS43
UT WOS:000302768800037
ER
PT J
AU Gaitan, M
Minhas, H
AF Gaitan, Michael
Minhas, Harp
TI The art in science of microTAS
SO LAB ON A CHIP
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Gaitan, Michael] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Gaitan, M (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1473-0197
J9 LAB CHIP
JI Lab Chip
PY 2012
VL 12
IS 10
BP 1737
EP 1738
DI 10.1039/c2lc90034c
PG 2
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience
& Nanotechnology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Science & Technology -
Other Topics
GA 930UL
UT WOS:000303167200001
PM 22508418
ER
PT J
AU Espinasse, B
Zhou, M
Zhu, YW
Hazen, EL
Friedlaender, AS
Nowacek, DP
Chu, DZ
Carlotti, F
AF Espinasse, Boris
Zhou, Meng
Zhu, Yiwu
Hazen, Elliott L.
Friedlaender, Ari S.
Nowacek, Douglas P.
Chu, Dezhang
Carlotti, Francois
TI Austral fall-winter transition of mesozooplankton assemblages and krill
aggregations in an embayment west of the Antarctic Peninsula
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Antarctic Peninsula; Chlorophyll; Zooplankton; Krill; Food web; Austral
fall
ID DOPPLER CURRENT PROFILER; DIEL VERTICAL MIGRATION; LIFE-CYCLE
STRATEGIES; MARGINAL ICE-ZONE; IN-SITU GROWTH; EUPHAUSIA-SUPERBA;
POPULATION-DYNAMICS; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; TARGET STRENGTH; MARGUERITE BAY
AB To assess krill aggregations and humpback whale Megaptera novaeangliae foraging behavior, spatial and temporal relationships between Antarctic krill Euphausia superba and zooplankton taxonomic groups were studied during an interdisciplinary cruise conducted in May and June 2009 within Wilhelmina Bay on the western side of the Antarctic Peninsula. A vessel-mounted acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) and a calibrated EK-60 echo sounder were used to assess circulation patterns and krill distributions in the bay, and a multiple opening and closing net (with 333 mu m mesh) and environmental sensing system (MOCNESS) was used to collect live samples of mesozooplankton and krill for taxonomic composition analysis. The results from this field study complement a previous one that examined an anticyclonic bay-scale circulation of Antarctic krill. This super-aggregation of krill covered similar to 100 km(2), had a concentration of 1000s of individuals m(-2) and was associated with more than 306 humpback whales present in Wilhelmina Bay. Our results from the mesozooplankton study revealed that krill continuously conducted diel vertical migrations and formed aggregations in the inner bay, while the chlorophyll concentration at the surface decreased from 2.2 to 0.6 g C m(-2) due to the decrease of daylight, and zooplankton concentrations increased from 0.5 to 1.5 g C m(-2) probably from advective influx. Most zooplankton were distributed below 200 m while krill fed in the upper 150 m. The spatial and temporal correlations between krill and small-to medium-sized mesozooplankton imply that krill may become omnivorous when there is a lack of phytoplankton in the late austral fall. Though both phytoplankton and zooplankton biomasses contributed only small fractions of the daily ration needed for krill metabolism in Wilhelmina Bay, it is not clear what caused krill to aggregate on such a large scale, as this led to high mortality as a result of starvation and predation by whales and other top predators.
C1 [Zhou, Meng; Zhu, Yiwu] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Earth & Ocean Sci, Boston, MA 02125 USA.
[Espinasse, Boris; Carlotti, Francois] Univ Aix Marseille 2, Lab Oceanog Phys & Biogeochim, Ctr Oceanol Marseille, CNRS, F-13288 Marseille 09, France.
[Hazen, Elliott L.; Friedlaender, Ari S.; Nowacek, Douglas P.] Duke Univ, Marine Lab, Nicholas Sch Environm, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
[Hazen, Elliott L.; Friedlaender, Ari S.; Nowacek, Douglas P.] Duke Univ, Marine Lab, Pratt Sch Engn, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
[Chu, Dezhang] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm Fisheries, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Zhou, M (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Earth & Ocean Sci, 100 Morrissey Blvd, Boston, MA 02125 USA.
EM meng.zhou@umb.edu
RI Hazen, Elliott/G-4149-2014
OI Hazen, Elliott/0000-0002-0412-7178
FU US National Science Foundation [ANT-0739566, ANT-073948]; CNRS
FX We thank the Captain and crews of the ASRV 'LM Gould' and Raytheon Polar
Service Company for all their assistance during the cruise. We
acknowledge E. Firing and J. Hummon at the University of Hawaii and T.
Chereskin at Scripps Institution of Oceanography for the ADCP operation
and data acquisition during the cruise. This research was supported by
the US National Science Foundation grants ANT-0739566 and ANT-073948. B.
E. acknowledges the PhD fellowship from CNRS.
NR 85
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 4
U2 33
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2012
VL 452
BP 63
EP 80
DI 10.3354/meps09626
PG 18
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 931KD
UT WOS:000303213900005
ER
PT J
AU Bailey, KM
Zhang, TY
Chan, KS
Porter, SM
Dougherty, AB
AF Bailey, Kevin M.
Zhang, Tianyang
Chan, Kung-sik
Porter, Steven M.
Dougherty, Annette B.
TI Near real-time forecasting of recruitment from larval surveys:
application to Alaska pollock
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Population dynamics; Fisheries; Environment; Ocean research; Regime
shift; Ecological community
ID WALLEYE POLLOCK; THERAGRA-CHALCOGRAMMA; WESTERN GULF; CLIMATE;
ABUNDANCE; PATTERNS; JUVENILE; DISTRIBUTIONS; MORTALITY; ECOSYSTEM
AB The fishery for Alaska pollock Theragra chalcogramma in the western Gulf of Alaska is dependent on the strength of incoming year classes. Methods were developed to measure late-larval stage abundance and sizes at-sea and to use such data in a near real-time model to forecast recruitment about 4 yr in advance. Larval abundances were weighted for size-and temperature-dependent mortality to project the number attaining a critical size of 15 mm; this weighting reflects the greater survival value of larger larvae to the population. The method was applied to catches in the 2007 and 2008 larval surveys to show the feasibility of attaining near real-time estimates. The accuracy of the method to forecast recruitment was evaluated from historical data. Adjusting larval abundance for size-and temperature-dependent mortality improved the trend with recruitment, but the relationship was not significant over the entire time series (1979 to 2007) because of an increasing trend in predators of juvenile stages, decoupling the parameters. A threshold-based generalized additive recruitment forecast model was developed to account for autocorrelative structure caused by inter-cohort interactions and mortality-related factors occurring after the larval period. The model closely tracks past recruitment trends. Based on low larval abundances and high numbers of predators, low to moderate abundances of age-4 recruits were predicted for 2007 to 2011, which matched observed levels reasonably well.
C1 [Bailey, Kevin M.; Porter, Steven M.; Dougherty, Annette B.] Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Zhang, Tianyang; Chan, Kung-sik] Univ Iowa, Dept Stat & Actuarial Sci, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
RP Bailey, KM (reprint author), Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM kevin.bailey@noaa.gov
NR 34
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 9
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2012
VL 452
BP 205
EP 217
DI 10.3354/meps09614
PG 13
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 931KD
UT WOS:000303213900016
ER
PT J
AU Abecassis, M
Dewar, H
Hawn, D
Polovina, J
AF Abecassis, Melanie
Dewar, Heidi
Hawn, Donald
Polovina, Jeffrey
TI Modeling swordfish daytime vertical habitat in the North Pacific Ocean
from pop-up archival tags
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Xiphias gladius; Swordfish; Satellite tracking; Generalized additive
model; Habitat modelling
ID SEA-SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; TUNA THUNNUS-THYNNUS; STATE-SPACE MODEL;
XIPHIAS-GLADIUS; MARINE ANIMALS; PELAGIC LONGLINES; FEEDING ECOLOGY;
MOVEMENTS; ATLANTIC; TRACKING
AB The daytime foraging depth of swordfish in the North Pacific was investigated with data from an 8 yr tagging program, using 28 Wildlife Computer pop-up archival tags deployed on swordfish in the North Pacific. The tags transmitted data from 1 degrees S to 44 degrees N latitude and from 206 to 249 degrees E longitude. Five tags were recovered, providing a full archival record that showed that when swordfish did not engage in daytime basking behavior, they remained within a narrow range of light level during both day and night, suggesting swordfish stay within a sound-scattering layer (SSL) to feed during both day and night. Daytime mean depth of non-basking swordfish ranged from 32 to 760 m. Seventy-seven percent of the daytime mean depth could be explained with a generalized additive model that used 3 environmental indices: satellite-derived surface chlorophyll as a proxy for light at depth, oxygen at 400 m obtained from the World Ocean Atlas, and temperature at 400 m inferred from the tag data. This model, when used in a predictive mode, generated a basin-wide map of swordfish daytime mean depth that showed depths exceeding 600 m to the north of Hawaii, shoaling to 300 m off the coast of California. This information could improve daytime swordfish catch by longliners and potentially allow them to switch from shallow night sets that result in interactions with sea turtles. This approach in effect defines the habitat of swordfish prey, giving us insight into the vertical behavior of those mid-trophic level organisms inhabiting the SSL. Our model could be easily applied to other deep-foraging species.
C1 [Abecassis, Melanie; Hawn, Donald] Univ Hawaii, Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Dewar, Heidi] NOAA Fisheries, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Polovina, Jeffrey] NOAA Fisheries, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Abecassis, M (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, 1000 Pope Rd, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
EM melanie.abecassis@noaa.gov
FU Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research (JIMAR)
[NA17RJ1230]; NOAA [NA17RJ1230]
FX The authors are grateful to F. Royer and B. Calmettes from Collecte
Localisation Satellites (CLS), France, for processing most of the tracks
with the 'Track&Lock' software, and A. Nielsen and C. Lam, who developed
the geolocation package 'trackit'. L. Moxey of the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) CoastWatch program provided access to
satellite data and E. Howell provided a script for data extraction. C.
Wabnitz, E. Howell, D. Courtney, J. Brodziak, P. Kleiber, P. Woodworth,
J. Drazen and P. Lehodey provided discussions and revisions that
significantly improved this manuscript. Some of the tag deployments off
California were supported by the Tagging of Pacific Predators program.
The authors also thank the anonymous reviewers who helped strengthen
this manuscript. Authors' contributions: J. P. and H. D. conceived and
designed the experiments; H. D. and D. H. performed the experiments; M.
A. analyzed the data, with important intellectual input from J. P. and
H. D.; M. A. wrote the paper, with important revisions from J. P. and H.
D. This project was partly funded by Cooperative Agreement NA17RJ1230
between the Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research (JIMAR)
and NOAA. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not
necessarily reflect the views of NOAA or any of its subdivisions.
NR 73
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 22
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
EI 1616-1599
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2012
VL 452
BP 219
EP 236
DI 10.3354/meps09583
PG 18
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 931KD
UT WOS:000303213900017
ER
PT J
AU Tomaro, LM
Teel, DJ
Peterson, WT
Miller, JA
AF Tomaro, Londi M.
Teel, David J.
Peterson, William T.
Miller, Jessica A.
TI When is bigger better? Early marine residence of middle and upper
Columbia River spring Chinook salmon
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Survival mechanisms; Juvenile salmon; Columbia River; Ocean residence;
Otolith back-calculation
ID NORTHERN CALIFORNIA CURRENT; SIZE-SELECTIVE MORTALITY; TO-ADULT
SURVIVAL; LIFE-HISTORY VARIATION; PRINCE-WILLIAM-SOUND; WIRE TAG
RECOVERIES; ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; PACIFIC-SALMON; PINK SALMON;
JUVENILE SALMONIDS
AB Early ocean residence is considered a critical period for juvenile salmon although specific survival mechanisms are often unidentified and may vary by species or life stage. Columbia River spring-run Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha abundance has declined dramatically since the early 1900s. To elucidate mechanisms of early marine survival, we tested the 'bigger-is-better' and 'stage-duration' aspects of the 'growth-mortality' hypothesis, which posits that size and growth rate are important for future abundance. We tested the 'match-mismatch' hypothesis to determine whether early marine growth was related to indices related to regional productivity, including spring transition timing and copepod community composition. We generated estimates of individual size at ocean entry and capture, marine growth rate, early marine migration rate, and emigration timing using data from ocean surveys, genetic stock-assignment, and otolith analyses of juveniles collected across 8 yr between 1998 and 2008. Size at capture and marine growth rate after similar to 30 d marine residence were positively related to future adult returns, whereas size at marine entry was not. Growth rate was not significantly related to indices of secondary production, but size at capture was significantly greater when lipid-rich copepods dominated. Although future adult abundance was not related to emigration timing, juveniles migrated more slowly when copepod biomass was high, perhaps responding to foraging conditions. Overall, processes during early ocean residence appear to be more important for cohort size establishment than those at marine entry. Approaches that combine genetic and otolith analyses have great potential to provide information on stock-specific variation in survival mechanisms.
C1 [Tomaro, Londi M.; Miller, Jessica A.] Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Coastal Oregon Marine Expt Stn, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Teel, David J.] NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Manchester, WA 98353 USA.
[Peterson, William T.] NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
RP Tomaro, LM (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Coastal Oregon Marine Expt Stn, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, 2030 SE Marine Sci, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
EM londi.tomaro@lifetime.oregonstate.edu
FU Bonneville Power Administration; NOAA Fisheries; Mamie Markham Research
Award
FX A. Paul and J. Unrein assisted with otolith preparation. A. Ungerer
assisted with LA-ICPMS. L. Weitkamp provided the PIT-tagged juveniles
for the back-calculation techniques comparison and constructive
criticisms on an earlier draft of this paper. The Columbia River
Inter-Tribal Fish Commission provided the 2010 age-composition of
spring-run Chinook salmon at Bonneville Dam. The comments of 4 anonymous
reviewers strengthened this paper. Funding was provided by Bonneville
Power Administration, NOAA Fisheries, and a Mamie Markham Research
Award.
NR 88
TC 35
Z9 35
U1 4
U2 47
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
EI 1616-1599
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2012
VL 452
BP 237
EP 252
DI 10.3354/meps09620
PG 16
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 931KD
UT WOS:000303213900018
ER
PT J
AU Torres, JM
Stafford, CM
Vogt, BD
AF Torres, Jessica M.
Stafford, Christopher M.
Vogt, Bryan D.
TI Photoinitator surface segregation induced instabilities from
polymerization of a liquid coating on a rigid substrate
SO SOFT MATTER
LA English
DT Article
ID WRINKLING PATTERNS; ORDERED STRUCTURES; CROSS-LINKING; SOFT MATTER;
THIN-FILMS; SPECTROSCOPY; DIFFUSION; HYDROGELS; COMPLEX
AB Periodic wrinkled surfaces have generated significant interest over the past decade as these structures can be easily fabricated over large areas with minimal fabrication cost, but these structures have generally been limited to thin films on soft elastomeric substrates, which limits their general applicability and utility. Here we present a simple methodology to generate wrinkled surfaces on rigid substrates by surface segregation of a photocatalyst. Upon ultraviolet light (UV) induced photopolymerization, increased catalyst concentration yields a cross-linked layer at the free surface that is supported on top of a more liquid-like bulk film due to differences in polymerization rate. Further polymerization of the underlayer provides the requisite mechanical stress (contraction due to polymerization) to create a wrinkled pattern. A system based upon the renewable monomer, furfuryl alcohol, that is cross-linked with a photoacid generator, triphenyl sulfonium triflate, is utilized to illustrate this concept. Moreover, the polymerized furfuryl alcohol can be transformed into amorphous carbon by heating at elevated temperatures in an inert environment. The role of photoacid generator concentration and substrate temperature on the wrinkle formation and morphology is presented. Finally, exposure through a simple mask can generate hierarchical structures with the wrinkled structure conforming to the geometric constraints of the photopatterned area, including curvilinear structures. This photocatalyzed surface segregation-based methodology provides a promising route to the facile fabrication of microstructured surfaces based upon the wrinkling instability.
C1 [Vogt, Bryan D.] Univ Akron, Dept Polymer Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
[Torres, Jessica M.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85284 USA.
[Stafford, Christopher M.] NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Vogt, BD (reprint author), Univ Akron, Dept Polymer Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
EM vogt@uakron.edu
FU National Science Foundation [CMMI-0653989, CBET-0746664]
FX This work was financially supported by the National Science Foundation
under grant #CMMI-0653989 and CBET-0746664. We gratefully acknowledge
the technical help from Barry O'Brien and the use of facilities within
the Flexible Display Center and Arizona State University. This
manuscript is an official contribution of the National Institute of
Standards and Technology; not subject to copyright in the United States.
NR 42
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 11
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1744-683X
J9 SOFT MATTER
JI Soft Matter
PY 2012
VL 8
IS 19
BP 5225
EP 5232
DI 10.1039/c2sm00037g
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics,
Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science
GA 931ID
UT WOS:000303208700015
ER
PT J
AU Lemons, GE
Eguchi, T
Lyon, BN
LeRoux, R
Seminoff, JA
AF Lemons, Garrett E.
Eguchi, Tomoharu
Lyon, Boyd N.
LeRoux, Robin
Seminoff, Jeffrey A.
TI Effects of blood anticoagulants on stable isotope values of sea turtle
blood tissue
SO AQUATIC BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE delta C-13 and delta N-15; Carbon; Cheloniidae; Ectotherm; Isotope
enrichment; Nitrogen; Reptilia
ID FORAGING ECOLOGY; MARINE TURTLES; WHOLE-BLOOD; PRESERVATION; CARBON;
SIGNATURES; EDTA; DIET; DELTA-N-15; DELTA-C-13
AB Collecting tissue samples from sea turtles for stable isotope analysis often occurs at remote field sites. For blood tissue, samples are treated with an anticoagulant that allows for later separation of plasma from cellular components. However, the effect of this technique on stable isotope values of sea turtle blood has not been established. We measured the effects of 3 widely used anticoagulants, acid citrate dextrose (ACD), sodium heparin (SH) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), on stable carbon (delta C-13) and stable nitrogen (delta N-15) values in whole blood, red blood cells, and blood plasma of 11 green turtles Chelonia mydas captured in San Diego Bay, California, USA. Vials containing each of the 3 blood preservatives as well as a vial containing no additive (i.e. control vial) were filled in random order. Blood in the no-additive vial was immediately separated into fractions (e.g. red blood cells, plasma) via centrifugation, whereas blood collected in the treatment vials was chilled and then centrifuged 48 h after collection. We found that, relative to the controls, ACD-preserved whole blood and blood plasma were C-13 enriched, EDTA-treated red blood cells and plasma were N-15 depleted, and SH-treated whole blood was N-15 enriched. Because SH was the only anticoagulant with no measured effect on blood plasma and red blood cells-the most commonly studied blood fractions for sea turtle stable isotope studies-we recommend its exclusive use as a blood anticoagulant for field studies where prompt centrifugation is not possible.
C1 NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM jeffrey.seminoff@noaa.gov
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
FX We thank B. Deck, P. Dutton, A. Frey, E. La Casella, D. Prosperi, S.
Roden, L. Saez and G. Serra-Valente for sample collection, data
management and laboratory assistance over the years. We thank T. Liebst
of Dynergy and E. Maher of the Unified Port of San Diego for site
access. B. Wallace provided valuable comments on an earlier version of
the manuscript. This study was funded by National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and research was authorized under NMFS
Research Permit #1227.
NR 32
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 25
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 1864-7790
J9 AQUAT BIOL
JI Aquat. Biol.
PY 2012
VL 14
IS 3
BP 201
EP 206
DI 10.3354/ab00397
PG 6
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 928ML
UT WOS:000302986800001
ER
PT J
AU Milke, LM
Bricelj, VM
Ross, NW
AF Milke, Lisa M.
Bricelj, V. Monica
Ross, Neil W.
TI Changes in enzymatic activity during early development of bay scallops
Argopecten irradians and sea scallops Placopecten magellanicus
SO AQUATIC BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Digestive enzyme activity; Scallops; Placopecten magellanicus;
Argopecten irradians; Development
ID CRASSOSTREA-VIRGINICA GMELIN; DIETARY-PROTEIN CONTENT; ACID HYDRAZIDE
PAHBAH; PECTEN-MAXIMUS; BIOCHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; CARBOHYDRASE ACTIVITY;
RUDITAPES-DECUSSATUS; CHAETOCEROS-MUELLERI; VENERUPIS-PULLASTRA; LARVAL
DEVELOPMENT
AB Poor growth and survival of scallops is often reported during early developmental stages. Stage- and species-specific dietary requirements have been identified, but the mechanisms responsible for these differences remain largely unknown. Dietary success depends on food biochemical properties, digestive and/or assimilative capacity, as well as the animal's specific nutritional demands, which can vary over development and between species. The present study examines developmental changes in the activities of key digestive enzymes in larval and postlarval bay scallops Argopecten irradians and sea scallops Placopecten magellanicus raised on a mixed algal diet until similar to 4 to 5 mm in shell height (SH) and sampled at intervals encompassing major transitions in feeding organ development. Colorimetric assays measured general protease, lipase (esterase) and carbohydrase (a-amylase, cellulase and laminarinase) activities. The most pronounced changes in enzymatic activity occurred prior to scallops attaining similar to 1.2 mm SH in both scallop species. The esterase:protease ratio exhibited similar ontogenetic patterns in both scallop species, decreasing sharply between larval and immediate postlarval stages before increasing to an intermediate level and stabilizing around 1.2 mm SH. In contrast, mean carbohydrase activities measured over the experimental duration differed between species, with bay scallops exhibiting higher specific activities of a-amylase and cellulase but much lower activities of laminarinase than sea scallops. These findings have implications for understanding scallop utilization of the food supply in nature, as well as developing targeted diets that could enhance their growth and survival in culture.
C1 [Milke, Lisa M.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Milford Lab, Milford, CT 06460 USA.
[Bricelj, V. Monica] Rutgers State Univ, Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[Ross, Neil W.] Natl Res Council Canada, Inst Marine Biosci, Halifax, NS B3H 3Z1, Canada.
RP Milke, LM (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Milford Lab, Milford, CT 06460 USA.
EM lisa.milke@noaa.gov
FU Aqua Net; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC)
Network of Centers of Excellence in Canadian Aquaculture; IMB
FX We thank S. MacQuarrie and S. McKenna (Institute for Marine Biosciences,
IMB/NRC) for algal culture and help in maintenance of experiments, M.
Goguen for assisting with enzymatic methods development, J. Rose for
exchanges concerning statistical analyses, as well as 4 anonymous
reviewers. The present study was partially supported by Aqua Net, a
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) Network of
Centers of Excellence in Canadian Aquaculture, and by IMB operating
funds awarded to V.M.B., and is part of a PhD dissertation by L.M. at
Dalhousie University, Department of Biology.
NR 61
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 10
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 1864-7790
J9 AQUAT BIOL
JI Aquat. Biol.
PY 2012
VL 14
IS 3
BP 207
EP 216
DI 10.3354/ab00398
PG 10
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 928ML
UT WOS:000302986800002
ER
PT J
AU Jech, JM
Stroman, F
AF Jech, J. Michael
Stroman, Francine
TI Aggregative patterns of pre-spawning Atlantic herring on Georges Bank
from 1999-2010
SO AQUATIC LIVING RESOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Herring school; Acoustic baskscatter survey; Regression tree
ID ACOUSTIC SPECIES IDENTIFICATION; ARTIFICIAL NEURAL-NETWORKS; PELAGIC
FISH SCHOOLS; CLUPEA-HARENGUS; FISHERIES ACOUSTICS; MULTIBEAM SONAR;
CLASSIFICATION; TREES; CONNECTIVITY; SIMULATION
AB Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) in the offshore regions of the Gulf of Maine migrate each fall from their feeding grounds to the northern portion of Georges Bank to spawn. The Northeast Fisheries Science Center's (NEFSC) herring acoustic survey has taken advantage of this behavior by conducting systematic surveys of the pre-spawning fish each year since 1999. Multi-frequency acoustic and midwater trawl data were collected along transects oriented perpendicular to bathymetric contours. Acoustic backscatter was analyzed to describe the aggregative patterns (e. g., size, location in the water column, and spatial and temporal distribution) of Atlantic herring during these surveys and regression trees were used to examine the aggregation characteristics. The positional variables of distance to spawning grounds and vertical location in the water column were the primary characteristics for describing pre-spawning aggregations. Secondary to these were the temporal variables of diel and survey timing, and the morphological characteristic of aggregation area. Lower numbers of aggregations were observed close to the herring spawning grounds but with higher acoustic energy than larger numbers of aggregations observed further from the spawning grounds but smaller in size and lower in acoustic energy. Most aggregations were in the lower portion of the water column, but those that were in the upper portion of the water column had higher acoustic energy. Consistently throughout the decade, 90% or more of herring aggregations were located within 40 nautical miles of their spawning grounds. The regression tree method provided valuable insight to the data series where it highlighted spatial and temporal patterns and was an effective way to quantitatively summarize relationships.
C1 [Jech, J. Michael] NOAA Fisheries, NE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Stroman, Francine] Integrated Stat, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Jech, JM (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, NE Fisheries Sci Ctr, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM Michael.Jech@noaa.gov
NR 54
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 11
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 0990-7440
J9 AQUAT LIVING RESOUR
JI Aquat. Living Resour.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 25
IS 1
BP 1
EP 14
DI 10.1051/alr/2012003
PG 14
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 928AY
UT WOS:000302953200001
ER
PT J
AU Parrish, DD
Ryerson, TB
Mellqvist, J
Johansson, J
Fried, A
Richter, D
Walega, JG
Washenfelder, RA
de Gouw, JA
Peischl, J
Aikin, KC
McKeen, SA
Frost, GJ
Fehsenfeld, FC
Herndon, SC
AF Parrish, D. D.
Ryerson, T. B.
Mellqvist, J.
Johansson, J.
Fried, A.
Richter, D.
Walega, J. G.
Washenfelder, R. A.
de Gouw, J. A.
Peischl, J.
Aikin, K. C.
McKeen, S. A.
Frost, G. J.
Fehsenfeld, F. C.
Herndon, S. C.
TI Primary and secondary sources of formaldehyde in urban atmospheres:
Houston Texas region
SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID AIR-QUALITY; OZONE FORMATION; EMISSION INVENTORIES;
STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS; AMBIENT AIR; AIRBORNE; NOX; STRATOSPHERE;
HYDROCARBONS; CARBONYLS
AB We evaluate the rates of secondary production and primary emission of formaldehyde (CH2O) from petrochemical industrial facilities and on-road vehicles in the Houston Texas region. This evaluation is based upon ambient measurements collected during field studies in 2000, 2006 and 2009. The predominant CH2O source (92 +/- 4% of total) is secondary production formed during the atmospheric oxidation of highly reactive volatile organic compounds (HRVOCs) emitted from the petrochemical facilities. Smaller contributions are primary emissions from these facilities (4 +/- 2%), and secondary production (similar to 3%) and primary emissions (similar to 1%) from vehicles. The primary emissions from both sectors are well quantified by current emission inventories. Since secondary production dominates, control efforts directed at primary CH2O emissions cannot address the large majority of CH2O sources in the Houston area, although there may still be a role for such efforts. Ongoing efforts to control alkene emissions from the petrochemical facilities, as well as volatile organic compound emissions from the motor vehicle fleet, will effectively reduce the CH2O concentrations in the Houston region. We do not address other emission sectors, such as off-road mobile sources or secondary formation from biogenic hydrocarbons. Previous analyses based on correlations between ambient concentrations of CH2O and various marker species have suggested much larger primary emissions of CH2O, but those results neglect confounding effects of dilution and loss processes, and do not demonstrate the causes of the observed correlations. Similar problems must be suspected in any source apportionment analysis of secondary species based upon correlations of ambient concentrations of pollutants.
C1 [Parrish, D. D.; Ryerson, T. B.; Washenfelder, R. A.; de Gouw, J. A.; Peischl, J.; Aikin, K. C.; McKeen, S. A.; Frost, G. J.; Fehsenfeld, F. C.] NOAA, ESRL, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
[Mellqvist, J.; Johansson, J.] Chalmers, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
[Fried, A.; Richter, D.; Walega, J. G.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Earth Observing Lab, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Washenfelder, R. A.; de Gouw, J. A.; Peischl, J.; Aikin, K. C.; McKeen, S. A.; Frost, G. J.; Fehsenfeld, F. C.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Herndon, S. C.] Aerodyne Res Inc, Billerica, MA USA.
RP Parrish, DD (reprint author), NOAA, ESRL, Div Chem Sci, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO USA.
EM david.d.parrish@noaa.gov
RI Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015; Washenfelder,
Rebecca/E-7169-2010; Peischl, Jeff/E-7454-2010; Parrish,
David/E-8957-2010; Ryerson, Tom/C-9611-2009; McKeen, Stuart/H-9516-2013;
Frost, Gregory/I-1958-2013; Aikin, Kenneth/I-1973-2013; Fehsenfeld,
Frederick/I-4876-2013; de Gouw, Joost/A-9675-2008
OI Washenfelder, Rebecca/0000-0002-8106-3702; Mellqvist,
Johan/0000-0002-6578-9220; Peischl, Jeff/0000-0002-9320-7101; Parrish,
David/0000-0001-6312-2724; de Gouw, Joost/0000-0002-0385-1826
FU NOAA; Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ)
FX This work was funded in part by NOAA's Air Quality and Atmospheric
Chemistry and Climate Programs and in part by the Texas Commission on
Environmental Quality (TCEQ). The authors are grateful to the Principal
Investigators of the Moody Tower site and the Baylor Aztec aircraft for
making their data sets available.
NR 52
TC 43
Z9 43
U1 4
U2 56
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1680-7316
J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS
JI Atmos. Chem. Phys.
PY 2012
VL 12
IS 7
BP 3273
EP 3288
DI 10.5194/acp-12-3273-2012
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 926BQ
UT WOS:000302806700010
ER
PT J
AU Birch, CE
Brooks, IM
Tjernstrom, M
Shupe, MD
Mauritsen, T
Sedlar, J
Lock, AP
Earnshaw, P
Persson, POG
Milton, SF
Leck, C
AF Birch, C. E.
Brooks, I. M.
Tjernstrom, M.
Shupe, M. D.
Mauritsen, T.
Sedlar, J.
Lock, A. P.
Earnshaw, P.
Persson, P. O. G.
Milton, S. F.
Leck, C.
TI Modelling atmospheric structure, cloud and their response to CCN in the
central Arctic: ASCOS case studies
SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-ICE ANOMALIES; LEVEL TEMPERATURE INVERSIONS; GENERAL-CIRCULATION
MODEL; SURFACE HEAT-BUDGET; BOUNDARY-LAYER; PART I; CLIMATE; AEROSOL;
OCEAN; SUMMER
AB Observations made during late summer in the central Arctic Ocean, as part of the Arctic Summer Cloud Ocean Study (ASCOS), are used to evaluate cloud and vertical temperature structure in the Met Office Unified Model (MetUM). The observation period can be split into 5 regimes; the first two regimes had a large number of frontal systems, which were associated with deep cloud. During the remainder of the campaign a layer of low-level cloud occurred, typical of central Arctic summer conditions, along with two periods of greatly reduced cloud cover. The short-range operational NWP forecasts could not accurately reproduce the observed variations in near-surface temperature. A major source of this error was found to be the temperature-dependant surface albedo parameterisation scheme. The model reproduced the low-level cloud layer, though it was too thin, too shallow, and in a boundary-layer that was too frequently well-mixed. The model was also unable to reproduce the observed periods of reduced cloud cover, which were associated with very low cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentrations (< 1 cm(-3)). As with most global NWP models, the MetUM does not have a prognostic aerosol/cloud scheme but uses a constant CCN concentration of 100 cm(-3) over all marine environments. It is therefore unable to represent the low CCN number concentrations and the rapid variations in concentration frequently observed in the central Arctic during late summer. Experiments with a single-column model configuration of the MetUM show that reducing model CCN number concentrations to observed values reduces the amount of cloud, increases the near-surface stability, and improves the representation of both the surface radiation fluxes and the surface temperature. The model is shown to be sensitive to CCN only when number concentrations are less than 10-20 cm(-3).
C1 [Birch, C. E.; Brooks, I. M.] Univ Leeds, Inst Climate & Atmospher Sci, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England.
[Tjernstrom, M.; Leck, C.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Meteorol, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Tjernstrom, M.; Leck, C.] Stockholm Univ, Bert Bolin Ctr Climate Res, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Shupe, M. D.; Persson, P. O. G.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Shupe, M. D.; Persson, P. O. G.] NOAA ESRL, Boulder, CO USA.
[Mauritsen, T.] Max Planck Inst Meteorol, Hamburg, Germany.
[Sedlar, J.] Swedish Meteorol & Hydrol Inst, S-60176 Norrkoping, Sweden.
[Lock, A. P.; Earnshaw, P.; Milton, S. F.] Met Off, Exeter, Devon, England.
RP Birch, CE (reprint author), Univ Leeds, Inst Climate & Atmospher Sci, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England.
EM c.e.birch@leeds.ac.uk
RI Brooks, Ian/E-1378-2012; Milton, Sean/J-8866-2012; Mauritsen,
Thorsten/G-5880-2013; Birch, Cathryn/P-4228-2014; Shupe,
Matthew/F-8754-2011;
OI Brooks, Ian/0000-0002-5051-1322; Mauritsen,
Thorsten/0000-0003-1418-4077; Shupe, Matthew/0000-0002-0973-9982;
Tjernstrom, Michael/0000-0002-6908-7410
FU Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation; European Union; UK Natural
Environment Research Council [NE/E010008/1]; UK Met Office; US National
Science Foundation [ARC0732925, ARC1023366]
FX This work is part of ASCOS (the Arctic Summer Cloud-Ocean Study). ASCOS
was made possible by funding from the Knut and Alice Wallenberg
Foundation and the DAMOCLES European Union 6th Framework Program
Integrated Research Project. We express our gratitude to Douglas Orsini,
Jost Heintzenberg, Maria Martin, and Staffan Sjogren for providing the
aerosol and CCN data. Thanks goes to Guylaine Canut for providing the
cloud base and cloud top estimates. The Swedish Polar Research
Secretariat (SPRS) provided access to the icebreaker Oden and logistical
support. We are grateful to the SPRS logistical staff and to Oden's
Captain Mattias Peterson and his crew. ASCOS is an IPY project under the
AICIA-IPY umbrella and an endorsed SOLAS project. The participation of
CEB and IMB was funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council
(grant No. NE/E010008/1). CEB was also funded by a CASE award from the
UK Met Office. The participation of MS and POGP was supported by grants
from the US National Science Foundation (ARC0732925 and ARC1023366).
NR 75
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 18
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1680-7316
EI 1680-7324
J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS
JI Atmos. Chem. Phys.
PY 2012
VL 12
IS 7
BP 3419
EP 3435
DI 10.5194/acp-12-3419-2012
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 926BQ
UT WOS:000302806700018
ER
PT S
AU Rice, JP
Brown, SW
Allen, DW
Yoon, HW
Litorja, M
Hwang, JC
AF Rice, Joseph P.
Brown, Steven W.
Allen, David W.
Yoon, Howard W.
Litorja, Maritoni
Hwang, Jeeseong C.
BE Douglass, MR
Oden, PI
TI Hyperspectral image projector applications
SO EMERGING DIGITAL MICROMIRROR DEVICE BASED SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS IV
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Emerging Digital Micromirror Device Based Systems and
Applications IV
CY JAN 23-25, 2012
CL San Francisco, CA
SP SPIE, DLP Texas Instruments, Dyoptyka, VUZIX Corp
DE calibration; DMD; hyperspectral; imaging; microscope; photovoltaic;
projector; remote sensing
ID RADIOMETRIC APPLICATIONS
AB For the past several years NIST has been developing, along with several collaborators, a Hyperspectral Image Projector (HIP). This scene projector produces high-resolution programmable spectra and projects them into dynamic two-dimensional images. The current digital micromirror device (DMD) based HIP prototype has a spatial resolution of 1024 x 768 pixels and a spectral range of 450 nm to 2400 nm, with spectral resolution from 2 nm in the visible to 5 nm in the short-wave infrared. It disperses light from a supercontinuum fiber source across two DMDs to produce the programmable spectra, which then globally-illuminate a third DMD to form the spatial images. The HIP can simulate top-of-the atmosphere spectral radiance over a 10 mm x 14 mm, f/3 image, and this can be collimated to stimulate remote sensing instruments. Also, the spectral radiance of the projected scenes can be measured with a NIST-calibrated spectroradiometer, such that the spectral radiance projected into each pixel can be accurately known. The HIP was originally developed for applications in multi-spectral and hyperspectral imager testing, calibration, and performance validation, and examples of this application will be reviewed. Conceivable applications for the HIP in photovoltaic device characterization and optical medical imaging will also be discussed.
C1 [Rice, Joseph P.; Brown, Steven W.; Allen, David W.; Yoon, Howard W.; Litorja, Maritoni; Hwang, Jeeseong C.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Rice, JP (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM joe.rice@nist.gov
NR 14
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 9
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-8897-8
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2012
VL 8254
AR 82540R
DI 10.1117/12.907898
PG 8
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BZS21
UT WOS:000302693000024
ER
PT J
AU Dixson, R
Orji, NG
AF Dixson, Ronald
Orji, Ndubuisi G.
TI Dimensional Metrology with Atomic Force Microscopy
SO JOURNAL OF MICRO-NANOLITHOGRAPHY MEMS AND MOEMS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Dixson, Ronald; Orji, Ndubuisi G.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Dixson, R (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA
SN 1932-5150
J9 J MICRO-NANOLITH MEM
JI J. Micro-Nanolithogr. MEMS MOEMS
PD JAN-MAR
PY 2012
VL 11
IS 1
AR 011001
DI 10.1117/1.JMM.11.1.011001
PG 1
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Optics
GA 925SP
UT WOS:000302781900002
ER
PT J
AU Dixson, R
Orji, NG
McGray, CD
Bonevich, J
Geist, J
AF Dixson, Ronald
Orji, Ndubuisi G.
McGray, Craig D.
Bonevich, John
Geist, Jon
TI Traceable calibration of a critical dimension atomic force microscope
SO JOURNAL OF MICRO-NANOLITHOGRAPHY MEMS AND MOEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE CD-AFM; metrology; CD; linewidth; standards; calibration; traceability;
HRTEM; SCCDRM
ID CD-AFM; REFERENCE METROLOGY; LINEWIDTH STANDARD; NIST
AB The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has a multifaceted program in atomic force microscope (AFM) dimensional metrology. One component of this program, and the focus of this paper, is the use of critical dimension atomic force microscopy (CD-AFM). CD-AFM is a commercially available AFM technology that uses flared tips and two-dimensional surface sensing to scan the sidewalls of near-vertical or even reentrant features. Features of this sort are commonly encountered in semiconductor manufacturing and other nanotechnology industries. NIST has experience in the calibration and characterization of CD-AFM instruments and in the development of uncertainty budgets for typical measurements in semiconductor manufacturing metrology. A third generation CD-AFM was recently installed at NIST. The current performance of this instrument for pitch and height measurements generally supports our relative expanded uncertainty (k = 2) goals in the range of 2.0 x 10(-3) and lower. Additionally, a new generation of the NIST single crystal critical dimension reference material (SCCDRM) project is pushing toward feature widths below 10 nm, with the prospect of CD-AFM tip width calibration having expanded uncertainty (k = 2) below 1 nm. (C) 2012 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). [DOI: 10.1117/1.JMM.11.1.011006]
C1 [Dixson, Ronald; Orji, Ndubuisi G.; McGray, Craig D.; Bonevich, John; Geist, Jon] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Dixson, R (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM ronald.dixson@nist.gov
FU NIST Physical Measurement Laboratory
FX This work was supported by the NIST Physical Measurement Laboratory. The
fabrication of the SCCDRM structures was performed in part at the Center
for Nanoscale Science and Technology NanoFab at the National Institute
of Standards and Technology. The TEM sample preparation and TEM imaging
were performed using the instrumentation available in the NIST Materials
Measurement Laboratory (MML). The authors thank Richard Kasica of the
CNST/NanoFab for assistance with the electron beam lithography, Brian
Renegar of NIST for photography of the SCCDRM model, and we also thank
Sean Hand, Eric Cottrell, and Richard Crook of Bruker-Nano, Ltd. for
field service on the Insight3D.
NR 30
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 4
U2 8
PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA
SN 1932-5150
J9 J MICRO-NANOLITH MEM
JI J. Micro-Nanolithogr. MEMS MOEMS
PD JAN-MAR
PY 2012
VL 11
IS 1
AR 011006
DI 10.1117/1.JMM.11.1.011006
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Optics
GA 925SP
UT WOS:000302781900007
ER
PT J
AU Scheef, LP
Pendleton, DE
Hampton, SE
Katz, SL
Holmes, EE
Scheuerell, MD
Johns, DG
AF Scheef, Lindsay P.
Pendleton, Daniel E.
Hampton, Stephanie E.
Katz, Stephen L.
Holmes, Elizabeth E.
Scheuerell, Mark D.
Johns, David G.
TI Assessing marine plankton community structure from long-term monitoring
data with multivariate autoregressive (MAR) models: a comparison of
fixed station versus spatially distributed sampling data
SO LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY-METHODS
LA English
DT Article
ID WESTERN ENGLISH-CHANNEL; TIME-SERIES; RECORDER SURVEY; ZOOPLANKTON;
VARIABILITY; CONSISTENCY; WEBS; LAKE; L4
AB We examined how marine plankton interaction networks, as inferred by multivariate autoregressive (MAR) analysis of time-series, differ based on data collected at a fixed sampling location (L4 station in the Western English Channel) and four similar time-series prepared by averaging Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR) data-points in the region surrounding the fixed station. None of the plankton community structures suggested by the MAR models generated from the CPR datasets were well correlated with the MAR model for L4, but of the four CPR models, the one most closely resembling the L4 model was that for the CPR region nearest to L4. We infer that observation error and spatial variation in plankton community dynamics influenced the model performance for the CPR datasets. A modified MAR framework in which observation error and spatial variation are explicitly incorporated could allow the analysis to better handle the diverse time-series data collected in marine environments.
C1 [Scheef, Lindsay P.; Hampton, Stephanie E.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Natl Ctr Ecol Anal & Synth, Santa Barbara, CA 93101 USA.
[Pendleton, Daniel E.; Holmes, Elizabeth E.; Scheuerell, Mark D.] NOAA Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Katz, Stephen L.] Channel Isl Natl Marine Sanctuary, Santa Barbara, CA 93101 USA.
[Johns, David G.] Sir Alister Hardy Fdn Ocean Sci, Plymouth PL1 2PB, Devon, England.
RP Scheef, LP (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Natl Ctr Ecol Anal & Synth, Santa Barbara, CA 93101 USA.
EM scheef@nceas.ucsb.edu
RI Scheuerell, Mark/N-6683-2016;
OI Scheuerell, Mark/0000-0002-8284-1254; Hampton,
Stephanie/0000-0003-2389-4249
FU National Science Foundation under Comparative Analysis of Marine
Ecosystem Organization (CAMEO) [NA09NMF4720180]; National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration under Comparative Analysis of Marine
Ecosystem Organization (CAMEO) [NA09NMF4720180]
FX We would like to acknowledge the Western Channel Observatory and others
who have contributed to the collection and archival of data from the L4
station. We also thank the Sir Alister Hardy Foundation for Ocean
Science for maintaining the Continuous Plankton Recorder survey and
providing us with the extensive dataset analyzed in this study. We are
grateful to two anonymous reviewers for providing thoughtful comments
that helped us improve this paper. This work was funded by the National
Science Foundation and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration under their joint Comparative Analysis of Marine
Ecosystem Organization (CAMEO) program (award NA09NMF4720180).
NR 25
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 24
PU AMER SOC LIMNOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY
PI WACO
PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710-4446 USA
SN 1541-5856
J9 LIMNOL OCEANOGR-METH
JI Limnol. Oceanogr. Meth.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 10
BP 54
EP 64
DI 10.4319/lom.2012.10.54
PG 11
WC Limnology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 927OY
UT WOS:000302918800006
ER
PT J
AU Luhr, H
Siddiqui, TA
Maus, S
AF Luehr, H.
Siddiqui, T. A.
Maus, S.
TI Global characteristics of the lunar tidal modulation of the equatorial
electrojet derived from CHAMP observations
SO ANNALES GEOPHYSICAE
LA English
DT Article
DE Ionosphere; Electric fields and currents; Equatorial ionosphere;
Meteorology and atmospheric dynamics; Waves and tides
ID TIDES
AB It has been known since many decades that lunar tide has an influence on the strength of the equatorial electrojet (EEJ). There has, however, never been a comprehensive study of the tidal effect on a global scale. Based on the continuous magnetic field measurements by the CHAMP satellite over 10 years it is possible to investigate the various aspects of lunar effects on the EEJ. The EEJ intensity is enhanced around times when the moon is overhead or at the antipode. This effect is particularly strong around noon, shortly after new and full moon. The lunar tide manifests itself as a semi-diurnal wave that precesses through all local times within one lunar month. The largest tidal amplitudes are observed around December solstice and smallest around June solstice. The tidal wave crest lags behind the moon phase. During December this amounts to about 4 days while it is around 2 days during other times of the year. We have not found significant longitudinal variations of the lunar influence on the EEJ. When comparing the average EEJ amplitude at high solar activity with that during periods of solar minimum conditions a solar cycle dependence can be found, but the ratio between tidal amplitude and EEJ intensity stays the same. Actually, tidal signatures standout clearer during times of low solar activity. We suggest that the tidal variations are caused by a current system added to the EEJ rather than by modulating the EEJ. Gravitational forcing of the lower atmosphere by the moon and the sun is assumed to be the driver of an upward propagating tidal wave. The larger tidal amplitudes around December solstice can be related to stratospheric warming events which seem to improve the conditions for upward propagation.
The results described here have to large extent been presented as a Julius-Bartels Medal Lecture during the General Assembly 2011 of the European Geosciences Union.
C1 [Luehr, H.] GFZ German Res Ctr Geosci, Helmholtz Ctr Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.
[Siddiqui, T. A.] Indian Inst Technol, Dept Geol & Geophys, Kharagpur 721302, W Bengal, India.
[Maus, S.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Maus, S.] NOAA, Natl Geophys Data Ctr, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
RP Luhr, H (reprint author), GFZ German Res Ctr Geosci, Helmholtz Ctr Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.
EM hluehr@gfz-potsdam.de
OI Siddiqui, Tarique Adnan/0000-0001-9394-6708
FU Space Agency of the German Aerospace Center (DLR) of the Federal
Ministry of Economics and Technology [50EE0944]
FX The CHAMP mission was sponsored by the Space Agency of the German
Aerospace Center (DLR) through funds of the Federal Ministry of
Economics and Technology, following a decision of the German Federal
Parliament (grant code 50EE0944).
NR 24
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 5
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 0992-7689
J9 ANN GEOPHYS-GERMANY
JI Ann. Geophys.
PY 2012
VL 30
IS 3
BP 527
EP 536
DI 10.5194/angeo-30-527-2012
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 918RZ
UT WOS:000302269700008
ER
PT J
AU Gaffin, SR
Imhoff, M
Rosenzweig, C
Khanbilvardi, R
Pasqualini, A
Kong, AYY
Grillo, D
Freed, A
Hillel, D
Hartung, E
AF Gaffin, S. R.
Imhoff, M.
Rosenzweig, C.
Khanbilvardi, R.
Pasqualini, A.
Kong, A. Y. Y.
Grillo, D.
Freed, A.
Hillel, D.
Hartung, E.
TI Bright is the new black-multi-year performance of high-albedo roofs in
an urban climate
SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE urban heat island; mitigation; cool roofs; white roofs; albedo;
emissivity; TPO; EPDM; asphaltic membrane; solar reflectance; Energy
Star Reflective Roof program
ID SOLAR REFLECTANCE; ENERGY SAVINGS; COATINGS
AB High-albedo white and cool roofing membranes are recognized as a fundamental strategy that dense urban areas can deploy on a large scale, at low cost, to mitigate the urban heat island effect. We are monitoring three generic white membranes within New York City that represent a cross section of the dominant white membrane options for US flat roofs: (1) an ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) rubber membrane; (2) a thermoplastic polyolefin (TPO) membrane; and (3) an asphaltic multi-ply built-up membrane coated with white elastomeric acrylic paint. The paint product is being used by New York City's government for the first major urban albedo enhancement program in its history. We report on the temperature and related albedo performance of these three membranes at three different sites over a multi-year period. The results indicate that the professionally installed white membranes are maintaining their temperature control effectively and are meeting the Energy Star Cool Roofing performance standards requiring a three-year aged albedo above 0.50. The EPDM membrane shows evidence of low emissivity; however this had the interesting effect of avoiding any 'winter heat penalty' for this building. The painted asphaltic surface shows high emissivity but lost about half of its initial albedo within two years of installation. Given that the acrylic approach is such an important 'do-it-yourself', low-cost, retrofit technique, and, as such, offers the most rapid technique for increasing urban albedo, further product performance research is recommended to identify conditions that optimize its long-term albedo control. Even so, its current multi-year performance still represents a significant albedo enhancement for urban heat island mitigation.
C1 [Gaffin, S. R.; Rosenzweig, C.; Pasqualini, A.; Kong, A. Y. Y.; Hillel, D.; Hartung, E.] Columbia Univ, Ctr Climate Syst Res, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Imhoff, M.] NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Khanbilvardi, R.] CUNY City Coll, NOAA CREST Ctr, New York, NY USA.
[Grillo, D.] New York City Dept Bldg, New York, NY USA.
[Freed, A.] Mayors Off Long Term Planning & Sustainabil, New York, NY USA.
RP Gaffin, SR (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Ctr Climate Syst Res, New York, NY 10027 USA.
EM srg43@columbia.edu
NR 34
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 7
U2 50
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1748-9326
J9 ENVIRON RES LETT
JI Environ. Res. Lett.
PD JAN-MAR
PY 2012
VL 7
IS 1
AR 014029
DI 10.1088/1748-9326/7/1/014029
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 922XA
UT WOS:000302580600040
ER
PT J
AU Patton, DL
Page, KA
Hoff, EA
Fasolka, MJ
Beers, KL
AF Patton, Derek L.
Page, Kirt A.
Hoff, Emily A.
Fasolka, Michael J.
Beers, Kathryn L.
TI A robust and high-throughput measurement platform for monomer reactivity
ratios from surface-initiated polymerization
SO POLYMER CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID METHYL-METHACRYLATE; RADICAL COPOLYMERIZATION; RATE CONSTANTS; PEAK
SHAPE; STYRENE; ETHYLENE; ACRYLATE; BEHAVIOR; XPS
AB This article describes a robust approach to measure monomer reactivity ratios from surface-initiated copolymerization, by measuring composition of statistical copolymer brush surfaces using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Statistical copolymer brushes were prepared from various monomer feeds by surface-initiated radical copolymerization at room temperature under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. The copolymer brush composition data were fit to the terminal copolymerization kinetic model resulting in point estimates for the monomer reactivity ratios that are in good agreement with values measured under bulk reaction conditions. Additionally, a high-throughput approach was demonstrated to measure reactivity ratios using a single substrate exhibiting a gradient in copolymer brush composition. This high-throughput approach significantly reduces the time and effort required to generate reliable and reproducible point estimates of reactivity ratios, and these values are in good agreement with values obtained from both the discrete sample surface measurements and classical bulk analytical methods.
C1 [Page, Kirt A.; Fasolka, Michael J.; Beers, Kathryn L.] NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Patton, Derek L.; Hoff, Emily A.] Univ So Mississippi, Sch Polymers & High Performance Mat, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA.
RP Beers, KL (reprint author), NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM beers@nist.gov
RI Patton, Derek/E-8241-2013
OI Patton, Derek/0000-0002-8738-4750
FU National Research Council; NSF CAREER [DMR-1056817]
FX D.P. and K.P. gratefully acknowledge support from the National Research
Council Research Associateship Program. D.P. acknowledges financial
support from NSF CAREER (DMR-1056817).
NR 30
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 15
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1759-9954
J9 POLYM CHEM-UK
JI Polym. Chem.
PY 2012
VL 3
IS 5
BP 1174
EP 1181
DI 10.1039/c2py20023f
PG 8
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 919IC
UT WOS:000302315800011
ER
PT J
AU Averett, D
Cicerone, MT
Douglas, JF
de Pablo, JJ
AF Averett, Devin
Cicerone, Marcus T.
Douglas, Jack F.
de Pablo, Juan J.
TI Fast relaxation and elasticity-related properties of trehalose-glycerol
mixtures
SO SOFT MATTER
LA English
DT Article
ID ATOM FORCE-FIELD; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; PROTEIN DYNAMICS; SIMULATION;
GLASS; ALPHA,ALPHA-TREHALOSE; STABILIZATION; STABILITY; SUCROSE; SOLVENT
AB Molecular dynamics simulations are used to investigate basic fast relaxation properties and thermophysical properties of trehalose-glycerol mixtures over a wide composition range and for a temperature range from above to below the glass transition temperature, T-g. An important aspect of the present work is that we employ a revised force field that yields glycerol densities that agree much better with experiment than those formerly used in models of these mixtures. This optimized molecular model provides a platform for more refined simulation studies of this class of protein drug preservative matrix materials. For temperatures below T-g, the inverse of the Debye-Waller factor, (-1), exhibits a maximum near a 30% relative glycerol mass concentration. This local 'stiffening' effect, in conjunction with a reduction of T-g by glycerol, indicates that glycerol is an antiplastizer of trehalose at intermediate concentrations, a finding consistent with dielectric measurements on trehalose-glycerol mixtures in which moisture has been carefully excluded from the samples. We also find that the shear modulus of these materials C-11 increases progressively with glycerol concentration. The Boson peak, which provides one of the most experimentally accessible fast dynamics properties of glass-forming liquids, is also calculated for trehalose-glycerol glasses as a function of glycerol concentration. The change in the Boson peak intensity with glycerol concentration is found to be consistent with a reduction of fragility of glass formation with the addition of glycerol, an effect that previous simulation studies of coarse grain models have linked to antiplasticization. We also find general agreement with a recently proposed relation between the fast beta relaxation time tau(beta) and the local amplitude of atomic motion on picosecond timescales, .(1) The implications of our simulations and their interpretation in terms of physics of glass formation are briefly discussed in the context of protein stabilization.
C1 [Averett, Devin; de Pablo, Juan J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Cicerone, Marcus T.; Douglas, Jack F.] US Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Averett, D (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM daverett@wisc.edu
FU NIH/NIBIB [R01 EB006398-01A1]
FX This work was funded in part under NIH/NIBIB Grant R01 EB006398-01A1.
NR 43
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 3
U2 34
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1744-683X
EI 1744-6848
J9 SOFT MATTER
JI Soft Matter
PY 2012
VL 8
IS 18
BP 4936
EP 4945
DI 10.1039/c2sm25095k
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics,
Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science
GA 923RP
UT WOS:000302636700014
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, XH
Douglas, JF
Jones, RL
AF Zhang, Xiaohua
Douglas, Jack F.
Jones, Ronald L.
TI Influence of film casting method on block copolymer ordering in thin
films
SO SOFT MATTER
LA English
DT Article
ID SPIN-COATED POLYSTYRENE; SOLVENT EVAPORATION; POLYMER-FILMS; MICRODOMAIN
ORIENTATION; HOMOPOLYMER FILMS; PATTERNS; ARRAYS
AB We study the orientation of the cylinder phase of the block copolymer (BCP) poly(styrene-block-methylmethacrylate) (PS-b-PMMA) in thin spun-cast films having a range of film thicknesses and temperatures and compare to our earlier observations on flow-coated films of the same BCP under similar thermodynamic conditions. As in our former measurements on flow-coated films, morphology maps of our spun-cast BCP films reveal distinct ordering regimes where the cylinders orient predominantly perpendicular or parallel to the interface and an 'intermediate' regime where these morphologies are mixed. However, we find that the locations of these morphology lines in the temperature-film thickness plane are greatly influenced by the method of film formation. We hypothesize that the slow solvent evaporation of the flow-coated films leads to films having higher residual stresses than spun-cast films because of a relatively inhibited transport of the solvent out of the film during drying, and annealing measurements on both types of cast films provide supporting evidence that the BCP surface morphology change is associated with residual stresses within the films. Contrary to our initial expectations, spun-cast films showed little sensitivity to film casting speed so that residual stress effects associated with the comparatively violent fluid flow conditions of spin-casting appear to be small. Instead, residual stresses arising from slow film evaporation appear to be implicated. Residual stress effects arising during the course of film casting and drying are relevant to other fabrications involving cast polymer films, such as in organic photovoltaic devices where flow-coating or similar industrial film casting method is normally employed for film formation.
C1 [Zhang, Xiaohua] Soochow Univ, Ctr Soft Condensed Matter Phys & Interdisciplinar, Suzhou, Peoples R China.
[Douglas, Jack F.; Jones, Ronald L.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Zhang, XH (reprint author), Soochow Univ, Ctr Soft Condensed Matter Phys & Interdisciplinar, Suzhou, Peoples R China.
EM zhangxiaohua@suda.edu.cn; jack.douglas@nist.gov
FU NSFC [21104054, 91027040]
FX The authors thank Dr Sangcheol Kim of the Polymers Division (NIST) for
his many thoughtful comments on our paper. X. Zhang acknowledges the
financial support of Grants No. 21104054 and No. 91027040 by NSFC.
NR 30
TC 21
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 61
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1744-683X
J9 SOFT MATTER
JI Soft Matter
PY 2012
VL 8
IS 18
BP 4980
EP 4987
DI 10.1039/c2sm07308k
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics,
Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science
GA 923RP
UT WOS:000302636700019
ER
PT J
AU Haustein, K
Perez, C
Baldasano, JM
Jorba, O
Basart, S
Miller, RL
Janjic, Z
Black, T
Nickovic, S
Todd, MC
Washington, R
Muller, D
Tesche, M
Weinzierl, B
Esselborn, M
Schladitz, A
AF Haustein, K.
Perez, C.
Baldasano, J. M.
Jorba, O.
Basart, S.
Miller, R. L.
Janjic, Z.
Black, T.
Nickovic, S.
Todd, M. C.
Washington, R.
Mueller, D.
Tesche, M.
Weinzierl, B.
Esselborn, M.
Schladitz, A.
TI Atmospheric dust modeling from meso to global scales with the online
NMMB/BSC-Dust model - Part 2: Experimental campaigns in Northern Africa
SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID RADIATIVE-TRANSFER CALCULATIONS; CONVECTIVE ADJUSTMENT SCHEME; AEROSOL
OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; SPECTRAL-RESOLUTION LIDAR; SKY RADIANCE
MEASUREMENTS; LONG-RANGE TRANSPORT; SAMUM 2006; SAHARAN DUST; MINERAL
DUST; SIZE DISTRIBUTION
AB The new NMMB/BSC-Dust model is intended to provide short to medium-range weather and dust forecasts from regional to global scales. It is an online model in which the dust aerosol dynamics and physics are solved at each model time step. The companion paper (P,rez et al., 2011) develops the dust model parameterizations and provides daily to annual evaluations of the model for its global and regional configurations. Modeled aerosol optical depth (AOD) was evaluated against AERONET Sun photometers over Northern Africa, Middle East and Europe with correlations around 0.6-0.7 on average without dust data assimilation. In this paper we analyze in detail the behavior of the model using data from the Saharan Mineral dUst experiment (SAMUM-1) in 2006 and the Bod,l, Dust Experiment (BoDEx) in 2005. AOD from satellites and Sun photometers, vertically resolved extinction coefficients from lidars and particle size distributions at the ground and in the troposphere are used, complemented by wind profile data and surface meteorological measurements. All simulations were performed at the regional scale for the Northern African domain at the expected operational horizontal resolution of 25 km. Model results for SAMUM-1 generally show good agreement with satellite data over the most active Saharan dust sources. The model reproduces the AOD from Sun photometers close to sources and after long-range transport, and the dust size spectra at different height levels. At this resolution, the model is not able to reproduce a large haboob that occurred during the campaign. Some deficiencies are found concerning the vertical dust distribution related to the representation of the mixing height in the atmospheric part of the model. For the BoDEx episode, we found the diurnal temperature cycle to be strongly dependant on the soil moisture, which is underestimated in the NCEP analysis used for model initialization. The low level jet (LLJ) and the dust AOD over the Bod,l, are well reproduced. The remaining negative AOD bias (due to underestimated surface wind speeds) can be substantially reduced by decreasing the threshold friction velocity in the model.
C1 [Haustein, K.; Washington, R.] Univ Oxford, Ctr Environm, Climate Res Grp, Oxford, England.
[Haustein, K.; Baldasano, J. M.; Jorba, O.; Basart, S.] Barcelona Supercomp Ctr, Dept Earth Sci, Barcelona, Spain.
[Perez, C.; Miller, R. L.] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA.
[Perez, C.; Miller, R. L.] Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, New York, NY USA.
[Perez, C.] Int Res Inst Climate & Soc, Palisades, NY USA.
[Baldasano, J. M.] Tech Univ Catalonia, Environm Modeling Lab, Barcelona, Spain.
[Janjic, Z.; Black, T.] Natl Ctr Environm Predict, Environm Modeling Ctr, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Nickovic, S.] World Meteorol Org, Res Dept, Geneva, Switzerland.
[Todd, M. C.] Univ Sussex, Dept Geog, Brighton, E Sussex, England.
[Mueller, D.] Gwangju Inst Sci & Technol, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, Kwangju, South Korea.
[Tesche, M.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Environm Sci, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Weinzierl, B.; Esselborn, M.] Inst Phys Atmosphare, Deutsch Zentrum Luft & Raumfahrt, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany.
[Esselborn, M.] European So Observ, Div Technol, D-8046 Garching, Germany.
[Mueller, D.; Schladitz, A.] Leibniz Inst Tropospher Res, Leipzig, Germany.
RP Haustein, K (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Ctr Environm, Climate Res Grp, Oxford, England.
EM karsten.haustein@ouce.ox.ac.uk; carlos.perezga@nasa.gov
RI Miller, Ron/E-1902-2012; MUELLER, DETLEF/F-1010-2015; todd,
martin/I-4143-2015; Weinzierl, Bernadett/G-5319-2012;
OI Tesche, Matthias/0000-0003-0096-4785; MUELLER,
DETLEF/0000-0002-0203-7654; Weinzierl, Bernadett/0000-0003-4555-5686;
Perez Garcia-Pando, Carlos/0000-0002-4456-0697; Jorba,
Oriol/0000-0001-5872-0244; Basart, Sara/0000-0002-9821-8504
FU Earth Institute at Columbia University through the Cross-Cutting
Initiative; Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology [CGL2006-11879,
CGL2008-02818, CGL2010-19652, CSD00C-06-08924]
FX The authors would like to thank the AERONET program for establishing and
maintaining the used sites. We would like to thank the EARLINET program
for providing and analyzing the lidar data. We are grateful to Benoit
Laurent and LISA for providing high resolution roughness length data. We
would also like to express our thanks to the whole SAMUM-1 and BoDEx
team, who provided us with in-situ and surface based data gathered
during the field campaign. OMI and MODIS daily data used in this paper
were produced with the Giovanni online data system, developed and
maintained by the NASA GES DISC. The Earth Institute at Columbia
University is acknowledged for support through the Cross-Cutting
Initiative project: Atmospheric Aerosol impacts on health in sub-Saharan
Africa. Finally, we thank two anonymous reviewers for their valuable and
helpful comments. This work was developed under the research projects
CGL2006-11879, CGL2008-02818, CGL2010-19652 and CSD00C-06-08924 of the
Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology. Simulations were performed
with the Marenostrum Supercomputer at the BSC.
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PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1680-7316
EI 1680-7324
J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS
JI Atmos. Chem. Phys.
PY 2012
VL 12
IS 6
BP 2933
EP 2958
DI 10.5194/acp-12-2933-2012
PG 26
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 917LM
UT WOS:000302178000007
ER
PT J
AU Esteve, AR
Ogren, JA
Sheridan, PJ
Andrews, E
Holben, BN
Utrillas, MP
AF Esteve, A. R.
Ogren, J. A.
Sheridan, P. J.
Andrews, E.
Holben, B. N.
Utrillas, M. P.
TI Sources of discrepancy between aerosol optical depth obtained from
AERONET and in-situ aircraft profiles
SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID LIGHT-ABSORPTION MEASUREMENTS; SKY RADIANCE MEASUREMENTS; FILTER-BASED
MEASUREMENTS; RADIATION BUDGET NETWORK; SINGLE SCATTERING ALBEDO;
MID-ATLANTIC COAST; UNITED-STATES; ANTHROPOGENIC SULFATE; VERTICAL
PROFILES; NORTH-AMERICA
AB Aerosol optical properties were measured by NOAA's Airborne Aerosol Observatory over Bondville, Illinois, during more than two years using a light aircraft. Measured properties included total light scattering, backscattering, and absorption, while calculated parameters included aerosol optical depth (AOD), Angstrom exponent, single-scattering albedo, hemispheric backscatter fraction, asymmetry parameter, and submicrometer mode fraction of scattering. The in-situ aircraft measurements are compared here with AERONET measurements and retrievals of the aerosol optical properties at the same location, although it is difficult to verify the AERONET retrieval algorithm at a site that is not highly polluted. The comparison reveals discrepancies between the aerosol properties retrieved from AERONET and from in-situ aircraft measurements. These discrepancies are smaller for the AOD, while the biggest discrepancies are for the other derived aerosol properties. Possible sources of discrepancy between the AOD measured by AERONET and the one calculated from the in-situ aircraft measurements are investigated. The largest portion of the AOD discrepancy is likely due to an incorrect adjustment to ambient RH of the scattering coefficient. Another significant part (along with uncertain nephelometer truncation corrections) may come from the possibility that there might be less aerosol below the lowest flight altitude or that the aircraft inlet excludes aerosol particles larger than 5-7 mu m diameter.
C1 [Esteve, A. R.; Utrillas, M. P.] Univ Valencia, Dept Earth Phys & Thermodynam, Valencia, Spain.
[Ogren, J. A.; Sheridan, P. J.; Andrews, E.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Holben, B. N.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Andrews, E.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Esteve, AR (reprint author), Univ Valencia, Dept Earth Phys & Thermodynam, Valencia, Spain.
EM anna.esteve@uv.es
RI Utrillas, Maria Pilar/B-5099-2015; Esteve, Anna/C-3396-2015; Ogren,
John/M-8255-2015
OI Utrillas, Maria Pilar/0000-0002-1952-4117; Ogren,
John/0000-0002-7895-9583
FU NOAA; Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN) of the Spanish
Government [BES-2006-12521, CGL2009-07790]
FX This research was funded by the NOAA Climate Program. The collaboration
of A. R. Esteve was possible thanks to the fellowship BES-2006-12521 and
the project CGL2009-07790 of the Ministry of Science and Innovation
(MICINN) of the Spanish Government. The authors would like to thank
Alexander Smirnov for his help with the AERONET data; John Augustine for
the MFRSR data; Jenny Hand for the IMPROVE data; Jason Tackett for
examining the CALIPSO data above the aircraft flight altitudes; and the
pilots, crew and support personnel of Greenwood Aviation.
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PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1680-7316
EI 1680-7324
J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS
JI Atmos. Chem. Phys.
PY 2012
VL 12
IS 6
BP 2987
EP 3003
DI 10.5194/acp-12-2987-2012
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 917LM
UT WOS:000302178000010
ER
PT J
AU Harrison, RM
Dall'Osto, M
Beddows, DCS
Thorpe, AJ
Bloss, WJ
Allan, JD
Coe, H
Dorsey, JR
Gallagher, M
Martin, C
Whitehead, J
Williams, PI
Jones, RL
Langridge, JM
Benton, AK
Ball, SM
Langford, B
Hewitt, CN
Davison, B
Martin, D
Petersson, KF
Henshaw, SJ
White, IR
Shallcross, DE
Barlow, JF
Dunbar, T
Davies, F
Nemitz, E
Phillips, GJ
Helfter, C
Di Marco, CF
Smith, S
AF Harrison, R. M.
Dall'Osto, M.
Beddows, D. C. S.
Thorpe, A. J.
Bloss, W. J.
Allan, J. D.
Coe, H.
Dorsey, J. R.
Gallagher, M.
Martin, C.
Whitehead, J.
Williams, P. I.
Jones, R. L.
Langridge, J. M.
Benton, A. K.
Ball, S. M.
Langford, B.
Hewitt, C. N.
Davison, B.
Martin, D.
Petersson, K. F.
Henshaw, S. J.
White, I. R.
Shallcross, D. E.
Barlow, J. F.
Dunbar, T.
Davies, F.
Nemitz, E.
Phillips, G. J.
Helfter, C.
Di Marco, C. F.
Smith, S.
TI Atmospheric chemistry and physics in the atmosphere of a developed
megacity (London): an overview of the REPARTEE experiment and its
conclusions
SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID AEROSOL MASS-SPECTROMETER; EDDY COVARIANCE MEASUREMENTS; AIRBORNE
PARTICULATE MATTER; VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; WEST MIDLANDS
CONURBATION; AIR-POLLUTION; BOUNDARY-LAYER; FLUX MEASUREMENTS;
HIGH-RESOLUTION; DISPERSION EXPERIMENTS
AB The < b > RE gents < b > PAR k and < b > T ower < b > E nvironmental < b > E xperiment (REPARTEE) comprised two campaigns in London in October 2006 and October/November 2007. The experiment design involved measurements at a heavily trafficked roadside site, two urban background sites and an elevated site at 160-190 m above ground on the BT Tower, supplemented in the second campaign by Doppler lidar measurements of atmospheric vertical structure. A wide range of measurements of airborne particle physical metrics and chemical composition were made as well as measurements of a considerable range of gas phase species and the fluxes of both particulate and gas phase substances. Significant findings include (a) demonstration of the evaporation of traffic-generated nanoparticles during both horizontal and vertical atmospheric transport; (b) generation of a large base of information on the fluxes of nanoparticles, accumulation mode particles and specific chemical components of the aerosol and a range of gas phase species, as well as the elucidation of key processes and comparison with emissions inventories; (c) quantification of vertical gradients in selected aerosol and trace gas species which has demonstrated the important role of regional transport in influencing concentrations of sulphate, nitrate and secondary organic compounds within the atmosphere of London; (d) generation of new data on the atmospheric structure and turbulence above London, including the estimation of mixed layer depths; (e) provision of new data on trace gas dispersion in the urban atmosphere through the release of purposeful tracers; (f) the determination of spatial differences in aerosol particle size distributions and their interpretation in terms of sources and physico-chemical transformations; (g) studies of the nocturnal oxidation of nitrogen oxides and of the diurnal behaviour of nitrate aerosol in the urban atmosphere, and (h) new information on the chemical composition and source apportionment of particulate matter size fractions in the atmosphere of London derived both from bulk chemical analysis and aerosol mass spectrometry with two instrument types.
C1 [Harrison, R. M.; Dall'Osto, M.; Beddows, D. C. S.; Thorpe, A. J.; Bloss, W. J.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Geog Earth & Environm Sci, Div Environm Hlth & Risk Management, Natl Ctr Atmospher Sci, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England.
[Harrison, R. M.] King Abdulaziz Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Ctr Excellence Environm Studies, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
[Dall'Osto, M.] CSIC, Inst Environm Assessment & Water Res IDAEA, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
[Thorpe, A. J.] AECOM, Beckenham BR3 4DE, Kent, England.
[Allan, J. D.; Coe, H.; Dorsey, J. R.; Gallagher, M.; Martin, C.; Whitehead, J.; Williams, P. I.] Univ Manchester, Ctr Atmospher Sci, Sch Earth Atmospher & Environm Sci, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
[Allan, J. D.; Dorsey, J. R.; Williams, P. I.] Univ Manchester, Natl Ctr Atmospher Sci, Sch Earth Atmospher & Environm Sci, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
[Jones, R. L.; Langridge, J. M.; Benton, A. K.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Chem, Ctr Atmospher Sci, Cambridge CB2 1EW, England.
[Langridge, J. M.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Langridge, J. M.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
[Benton, A. K.] British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge CB3 0ET, England.
[Ball, S. M.] Univ Leicester, Dept Chem, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England.
[Langford, B.; Hewitt, C. N.; Davison, B.] Univ Lancaster, Lancaster Environm Ctr, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, England.
[Langford, B.; Nemitz, E.; Phillips, G. J.; Helfter, C.; Di Marco, C. F.] Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Penicuik EH26 0QB, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Martin, D.; Petersson, K. F.; Henshaw, S. J.; White, I. R.; Shallcross, D. E.] Univ Bristol, Sch Chem, Atmospher Chem Res Grp, Bristol BS8 1TS, Avon, England.
[Barlow, J. F.; Dunbar, T.] Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Reading RG6 6B, Berks, England.
[Davies, F.] Univ Salford, Sch Environm & Life Sci, Salford M5 4WT, Greater Manches, England.
[Phillips, G. J.] Max Planck Inst Chem, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.
[Smith, S.] Univ London, Dept Earth Sci, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England.
RP Harrison, RM (reprint author), Univ Birmingham, Sch Geog Earth & Environm Sci, Div Environm Hlth & Risk Management, Natl Ctr Atmospher Sci, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England.
EM r.m.harrison@bham.ac.uk
RI Bloss, William/N-1305-2014; Hewitt, Charles Nicholas/B-1219-2009;
Phillips, Gavin/A-6570-2009; Whitehead, James/D-3088-2012; Harrison,
Roy/A-2256-2008; Nemitz, Eiko/I-6121-2012; Allan, James/B-1160-2010;
Coe, Hugh/C-8733-2013; Langford, Ben/N-3072-2013
OI dallosto, manuel/0000-0003-4203-894X; Gallagher,
Martin/0000-0002-4968-6088; Coe, Hugh/0000-0002-3264-1713; Bloss,
William/0000-0002-3017-4461; Hewitt, Charles
Nicholas/0000-0001-7973-2666; Jones, Roderic /0000-0002-6761-3966;
Phillips, Gavin/0000-0003-4443-0822; Harrison, Roy/0000-0002-2684-5226;
Nemitz, Eiko/0000-0002-1765-6298; Allan, James/0000-0001-6492-4876;
Langford, Ben/0000-0002-6968-5197
FU Natural Environment Research Council through the National Centre for
Atmospheric Science; CityFlux grant; BOC Foundation; Bristol ChemLabS;
Eurochlor
FX The authors are grateful to BT for allowing access to the BT Tower and
to the Royal Parks for providing facilities at Regent's Park. Funding
was provided by the Natural Environment Research Council through the
National Centre for Atmospheric Science and the CityFlux grant, and the
BOC Foundation. Bristol ChemLabS and Eurochlor supported work at the
University of Bristol.
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PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1680-7316
J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS
JI Atmos. Chem. Phys.
PY 2012
VL 12
IS 6
BP 3065
EP 3114
DI 10.5194/acp-12-3065-2012
PG 50
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 917LM
UT WOS:000302178000014
ER
PT J
AU Wiedensohler, A
Birmili, W
Nowak, A
Sonntag, A
Weinhold, K
Merkel, M
Wehner, B
Tuch, T
Pfeifer, S
Fiebig, M
Fjaraa, AM
Asmi, E
Sellegri, K
Depuy, R
Venzac, H
Villani, P
Laj, P
Aalto, P
Ogren, JA
Swietlicki, E
Williams, P
Roldin, P
Quincey, P
Huglin, C
Fierz-Schmidhauser, R
Gysel, M
Weingartner, E
Riccobono, F
Santos, S
Gruning, C
Faloon, K
Beddows, D
Harrison, RM
Monahan, C
Jennings, SG
O'Dowd, CD
Marinoni, A
Horn, HG
Keck, L
Jiang, J
Scheckman, J
McMurry, PH
Deng, Z
Zhao, CS
Moerman, M
Henzing, B
de Leeuw, G
Loschau, G
Bastian, S
AF Wiedensohler, A.
Birmili, W.
Nowak, A.
Sonntag, A.
Weinhold, K.
Merkel, M.
Wehner, B.
Tuch, T.
Pfeifer, S.
Fiebig, M.
Fjaraa, A. M.
Asmi, E.
Sellegri, K.
Depuy, R.
Venzac, H.
Villani, P.
Laj, P.
Aalto, P.
Ogren, J. A.
Swietlicki, E.
Williams, P.
Roldin, P.
Quincey, P.
Hueglin, C.
Fierz-Schmidhauser, R.
Gysel, M.
Weingartner, E.
Riccobono, F.
Santos, S.
Gruening, C.
Faloon, K.
Beddows, D.
Harrison, R. M.
Monahan, C.
Jennings, S. G.
O'Dowd, C. D.
Marinoni, A.
Horn, H. -G.
Keck, L.
Jiang, J.
Scheckman, J.
McMurry, P. H.
Deng, Z.
Zhao, C. S.
Moerman, M.
Henzing, B.
de Leeuw, G.
Loeschau, G.
Bastian, S.
TI Mobility particle size spectrometers: harmonization of technical
standards and data structure to facilitate high quality long-term
observations of atmospheric particle number size distributions
SO ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
LA English
DT Article
ID CONDENSATION NUCLEUS COUNTER; ANALYZER NANO-DMA; AEROSOL MEASUREMENTS;
CHARGE-DISTRIBUTION; CENTRAL-EUROPE; NM; INSTRUMENTS; RESOLUTION;
INVERSION; DESIGN
AB Mobility particle size spectrometers often referred to as DMPS (Differential Mobility Particle Sizers) or SMPS (Scanning Mobility Particle Sizers) have found a wide range of applications in atmospheric aerosol research. However, comparability of measurements conducted world-wide is hampered by lack of generally accepted technical standards and guidelines with respect to the instrumental set-up, measurement mode, data evaluation as well as quality control. Technical standards were developed for a minimum requirement of mobility size spectrometry to perform long-term atmospheric aerosol measurements. Technical recommendations include continuous monitoring of flow rates, temperature, pressure, and relative humidity for the sheath and sample air in the differential mobility analyzer.
We compared commercial and custom-made inversion routines to calculate the particle number size distributions from the measured electrical mobility distribution. All inversion routines are comparable within few per cent uncertainty for a given set of raw data.
Furthermore, this work summarizes the results from several instrument intercomparison workshops conducted within the European infrastructure project EUSAAR (European Supersites for Atmospheric Aerosol Research) and ACTRIS (Aerosols, Clouds, and Trace gases Research InfraStructure Network) to determine present uncertainties especially of custom-built mobility particle size spectrometers. Under controlled laboratory conditions, the particle number size distributions from 20 to 200 nm determined by mobility particle size spectrometers of different design are within an uncertainty range of around +/- 10% after correcting internal particle losses, while below and above this size range the discrepancies increased. For particles larger than 200 nm, the uncertainty range increased to 30%, which could not be explained. The network reference mobility spectrometers with identical design agreed within +/- 4% in the peak particle number concentration when all settings were done carefully. The consistency of these reference instruments to the total particle number concentration was demonstrated to be less than 5%.
Additionally, a new data structure for particle number size distributions was introduced to store and disseminate the data at EMEP (European Monitoring and Evaluation Program). This structure contains three levels: raw data, processed data, and final particle size distributions. Importantly, we recommend reporting raw measurements including all relevant instrument parameters as well as a complete documentation on all data transformation and correction steps. These technical and data structure standards aim to enhance the quality of long-term size distribution measurements, their comparability between different networks and sites, and their transparency and traceability back to raw data.
C1 [Wiedensohler, A.; Birmili, W.; Nowak, A.; Sonntag, A.; Weinhold, K.; Merkel, M.; Wehner, B.; Tuch, T.; Pfeifer, S.] Leibniz Inst Tropospher Res, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany.
[Fiebig, M.; Fjaraa, A. M.] Norwegian Inst Air Res, N-2027 Kjeller, Norway.
[Asmi, E.; de Leeuw, G.] Finnish Meteorol Inst, FIN-00101 Helsinki, Finland.
[Sellegri, K.; Depuy, R.; Venzac, H.; Villani, P.] Univ Clermont Ferrand, Observ Phys Globe Clermont Ferrand, Lab Meteorol Phys, F-63177 Aubiere, France.
[Laj, P.] Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, Lab Glaciol & Geophys Environm, F-38400 St Martin Dheres, France.
[Aalto, P.; de Leeuw, G.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Helsinki 00014, Finland.
[Ogren, J. A.] NOAA ESRL GMD, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Swietlicki, E.; Roldin, P.] Lund Univ, Div Nucl Phys, S-22100 Lund, Sweden.
[Williams, P.] Univ Manchester, Natl Ctr Atmospher Sci, Manchester, Lancs, England.
[Quincey, P.] Natl Phys Lab, Environm Measurements Grp, Teddington TW11 0LW, Middx, England.
[Hueglin, C.] EMPA Dubendorf Air Pollut Environm Technol, CH-8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland.
[Fierz-Schmidhauser, R.; Gysel, M.; Weingartner, E.; Riccobono, F.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Lab Atmospher Chem, Villigen, Switzerland.
[Santos, S.; Gruening, C.] IES CCU, European Commiss, DG Joint Res Ctr, Ispra, Italy.
[Faloon, K.; Beddows, D.; Harrison, R. M.] Univ Birmingham, Div Environm Hlth & Risk Management, Natl Ctr Atmospher Sci, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England.
[Monahan, C.; Jennings, S. G.; O'Dowd, C. D.] Natl Univ Ireland, Sch Phys, Galway, Ireland.
[Monahan, C.; Jennings, S. G.; O'Dowd, C. D.] Natl Univ Ireland, Environm Change Inst, Ctr Climate & Air Pollut Studies, Galway, Ireland.
[Marinoni, A.] Inst Atmospher Sci & Climate, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.
[Horn, H. -G.] TSI GmbH, D-52068 Aachen, Germany.
[Keck, L.] GRIMM Aerosol Tech GmbH & Co KG, D-83404 Ainring, Germany.
[Jiang, J.; Scheckman, J.; McMurry, P. H.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Mech Engn, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Deng, Z.; Zhao, C. S.; Moerman, M.] Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Dept Atmospher Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Henzing, B.; de Leeuw, G.] TNO Built Environm & Geosci, NL-3508 TA Utrecht, Netherlands.
[Loeschau, G.; Bastian, S.] Saxon State Off Environm Agr & Geol, D-01326 Dresden, Germany.
RP Wiedensohler, A (reprint author), Leibniz Inst Tropospher Res, Permoserstr 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany.
EM alfred.wiedensohler@tropos.de
RI Weingartner, Ernest/B-6793-2009; McMurry, Peter/A-8245-2008; Deng,
Zhaoze/C-7367-2012; Zhao, Chunsheng/D-1176-2011; Harrison,
Roy/A-2256-2008; Aalto, Pasi/A-1539-2009; Fiebig, Markus/I-4872-2012;
Jiang, Jingkun/A-1076-2010; Wiedensohler, Alfred/D-1223-2013; Gysel,
Martin/C-3843-2008; Nowak, Andreas/B-6413-2014; Swietlicki,
Erik/B-9426-2014; Wehner, Birgit/C-2650-2014; O'Dowd ,
Colin/K-8904-2012; Ogren, John/M-8255-2015;
OI Weingartner, Ernest/0000-0002-2427-4634; McMurry,
Peter/0000-0003-1609-5131; Deng, Zhaoze/0000-0002-0955-6350; Zhao,
Chunsheng/0000-0003-1951-379X; Harrison, Roy/0000-0002-2684-5226; Aalto,
Pasi/0000-0001-8826-9108; Fiebig, Markus/0000-0002-3380-3470; Gysel,
Martin/0000-0002-7453-1264; O'Dowd , Colin/0000-0002-3068-2212; Ogren,
John/0000-0002-7895-9583; Gruening, Carsten/0000-0002-6169-2827
FU European Union [FP6-026140, 262254, CT-2004-505337]; Federal
Environmental Agency of Germany (Umweltbundesamt); EU-CAARI; Marie Curie
Initial Training Network CLOUD-ITN (EC) [215072]; German Federal
Ministry for the Environment, Nature Protection and Reactor Safety
(Bundesministerium fur Umwelt, Naturschutz und Reaktorsicherheit) [FE
3707 43200]; Saxon State Office for Environment, Agriculture and Geology
(Sachsisches Landesamt fur Umwelt, Landwirtschaft und Geologie)
FX This work was accomplished by the European research infrastructure
projects EUSAAR (European Supersites for Atmospheric Aerosol Research,
EU FP6 Integrated Infrastructures Initiatives project, No. FP6-026140),
and ACTRIS (Aerosols, Clouds, and Trace gases Research InfraStructure
Network). The research leading to these results has received funding
from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)
project No. 262254). Additionally, we acknowledge the network of
excellence ACCENT (Atmospheric Composition Change: a European Network,
EU FP6 Network of Excellence project, No. GOCE-CT-2004-505337) and the
WCCAP (World Calibration Centre for Aerosol Physics as part of the
WMO-GAW program; Global Atmosphere Watch) funded by the Federal
Environmental Agency of Germany (Umweltbundesamt), EU-CAARI (European
Integrated project on Aerosol Cloud Climate and Air Quality
Interactions), the Marie Curie Initial Training Network CLOUD-ITN (EC
FP7 grant No. 215072), the German Federal Ministry for the Environment,
Nature Protection and Reactor Safety (Bundesministerium fur Umwelt,
Naturschutz und Reaktorsicherheit) grant F&E 3707 43200, and the project
"Qualitatskontrolle der Messung ultrafeiner Partikel in der Aussenluft
im Jahr 2011" funded by the Saxon State Office for Environment,
Agriculture and Geology (Sachsisches Landesamt fur Umwelt,
Landwirtschaft und Geologie). Atmospheric data generated within
EUSAAR/ACTRIS/WMO-GAW are stored at EBAS, a database developed and
operated by the Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU). EBAS hosts
observation data of atmospheric aerosol chemical composition and
physical properties. Figure 1 was kindly prepared by A. Haudek (IfT).
NR 66
TC 220
Z9 224
U1 16
U2 133
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1867-1381
J9 ATMOS MEAS TECH
JI Atmos. Meas. Tech.
PY 2012
VL 5
IS 3
BP 657
EP 685
DI 10.5194/amt-5-657-2012
PG 29
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 917LP
UT WOS:000302178500013
ER
PT J
AU Keppel-Aleks, G
Wennberg, PO
Washenfelder, RA
Wunch, D
Schneider, T
Toon, GC
Andres, RJ
Blavier, JF
Connor, B
Davis, KJ
Desai, AR
Messerschmidt, J
Notholt, J
Roehl, CM
Sherlock, V
Stephens, BB
Vay, SA
Wofsy, SC
AF Keppel-Aleks, G.
Wennberg, P. O.
Washenfelder, R. A.
Wunch, D.
Schneider, T.
Toon, G. C.
Andres, R. J.
Blavier, J. -F.
Connor, B.
Davis, K. J.
Desai, A. R.
Messerschmidt, J.
Notholt, J.
Roehl, C. M.
Sherlock, V.
Stephens, B. B.
Vay, S. A.
Wofsy, S. C.
TI The imprint of surface fluxes and transport on variations in total
column carbon dioxide
SO BIOGEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID ECOSYSTEM-ATMOSPHERE EXCHANGE; FOSSIL-FUEL CONSUMPTION; TALL TOWER;
OBSERVING NETWORK; VERTICAL PROFILES; CO2 FLUX; EMISSIONS; SINKS;
NORTHERN; CLIMATE
AB New observations of the vertically integrated CO2 mixing ratio, aYCO(2)aY (c), from ground-based remote sensing show that variations in CO(2)aY (c) are primarily determined by large-scale flux patterns. They therefore provide fundamentally different information than observations made within the boundary layer, which reflect the combined influence of large-scale and local fluxes. Observations of both aYCO(2)aY (c) and CO2 concentrations in the free troposphere show that large-scale spatial gradients induce synoptic-scale temporal variations in aYCO(2)aY (c) in the Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes through horizontal advection. Rather than obscure the signature of surface fluxes on atmospheric CO2, these synoptic-scale variations provide useful information that can be used to reveal the meridional flux distribution. We estimate the meridional gradient in aYCO(2)aY (c) from covariations in aYCO(2)aY (c) and potential temperature, theta, a dynamical tracer, on synoptic timescales to evaluate surface flux estimates commonly used in carbon cycle models. We find that simulations using Carnegie Ames Stanford Approach (CASA) biospheric fluxes underestimate both the aYCO(2)aY (c) seasonal cycle amplitude throughout the Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes and the meridional gradient during the growing season. Simulations using CASA net ecosystem exchange (NEE) with increased and phase-shifted boreal fluxes better fit the observations. Our simulations suggest that climatological mean CASA fluxes underestimate boreal growing season NEE (between 45-65A degrees N) by ~40%. We describe the implications for this large seasonal exchange on inference of the net Northern Hemisphere terrestrial carbon sink.
C1 [Keppel-Aleks, G.; Wennberg, P. O.; Wunch, D.; Schneider, T.; Roehl, C. M.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Washenfelder, R. A.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Boulder, CO USA.
[Andres, R. J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Toon, G. C.; Blavier, J. -F.] NASA Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Davis, K. J.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Desai, A. R.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA.
[Messerschmidt, J.; Notholt, J.] Univ Bremen, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
[Sherlock, V.] Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res, Wellington, New Zealand.
[Stephens, B. B.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Vay, S. A.] NASA Langley Res Ctr, Langley, VA USA.
[Wofsy, S. C.] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Keppel-Aleks, G (reprint author), CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM gka@alum.mit.edu
RI Washenfelder, Rebecca/E-7169-2010; Keppel-Aleks, Gretchen/A-3239-2013;
Schneider, Tapio /A-7038-2014; Stephens, Britton/B-7962-2008; Desai,
Ankur/A-5899-2008; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015; Notholt,
Justus/P-4520-2016
OI Washenfelder, Rebecca/0000-0002-8106-3702; Schneider, Tapio
/0000-0001-5687-2287; Stephens, Britton/0000-0002-1966-6182; ANDRES,
ROBERT/0000-0001-8781-4979; Desai, Ankur/0000-0002-5226-6041; Notholt,
Justus/0000-0002-3324-885X
FU NASA [NNX08AI86G]; NSF; AAUW; New Zealand Foundation of Research Science
and Technology [C01X0204, C01X0703, C01X0406]; National Ocean and
Atmosphere Administration; Department of Energy (DOE) Office of
Biological and Environmental Research (BER) National Institute for
Climatic Change Research (NICCR) Midwestern Region [050516Z19]; National
Science Foundation (NSF) Biology Directorate [DEB-0845166]; US
Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental
Research (BER) [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Senate of Bremen; EU
FX Support for this work from NASA Carbon Cycle Program grant NNX08AI86G is
gratefully acknowledged. GKA acknowledges fellowships from NSF and AAUW.
The simulations used in this study were performed on the Caltech
Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences Dell Cluster. Lauder TCCON
measurements are funded by New Zealand Foundation of Research Science
and Technology contracts C01X0204, C01X0703, and C01X0406. HIPPO is
supported by the National Science Foundation and the National Ocean and
Atmosphere Administration. CarbonTracker 2009 results were provided by
NOAA ESRL, Boulder, Colorado, USA from the website at
http://carbontracker.noaa.gov. LEF flux tower observations were made
possible with assistance from A. Andrews (NOAA), J. Thom (UW), D.
Baumann and M. Kubiske (USFS), and R. Strand and J. Ayers of the
Wisconsin Educational Communications Board, and supported by Department
of Energy (DOE) Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
National Institute for Climatic Change Research (NICCR) Midwestern
Region Subagreement 050516Z19 and the National Science Foundation (NSF)
Biology Directorate Grant DEB-0845166. RJA was sponsored by US
Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental
Research (BER) programs and performed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory
(ORNL) under US Department of Energy contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. We
acknowledge financial support by the Senate of Bremen and the EU
projects IMECC and GEOmon as well as maintainance and logistical work
provided by AeroMeteo Service (Bialystok).
NR 50
TC 46
Z9 46
U1 1
U2 26
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1726-4170
J9 BIOGEOSCIENCES
JI Biogeosciences
PY 2012
VL 9
IS 3
BP 875
EP 891
DI 10.5194/bg-9-875-2012
PG 17
WC Ecology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA 917LX
UT WOS:000302179500001
ER
PT J
AU Gnanadesikan, A
Dunne, JP
John, J
AF Gnanadesikan, A.
Dunne, J. P.
John, J.
TI Understanding why the volume of suboxic waters does not increase over
centuries of global warming in an Earth System Model
SO BIOGEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID COUPLED CLIMATE MODELS; OCEAN VENTILATION; PART I; CARBON; 21ST-CENTURY;
MULTIMODEL; SIMULATION
AB Global warming is expected to reduce oxygen solubility and vertical exchange in the ocean, changes which would be expected to result in an increase in the volume of hypoxic waters. A simulation made with a full Earth System model with dynamical atmosphere, ocean, sea ice and biogeochemical cycling (the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory's Earth System Model 2.1) shows that this holds true if the condition for hypoxia is set relatively high. However, the volume of the most hypoxic (i.e., suboxic) waters does not increase under global warming, as these waters actually become more oxygenated. We show that the rise in dissolved oxygen in the tropical Pacific is associated with a drop in ventilation time. A term-by-term analysis within the least oxygenated waters shows an increased supply of dissolved oxygen due to lateral diffusion compensating an increase in remineralization within these highly hypoxic waters. This lateral diffusive flux is the result of an increase of ventilation along the Chilean coast, as a drying of the region under global warming opens up a region of wintertime convection in our model. The results highlight the potential sensitivity of suboxic waters to changes in subtropical ventilation as well as the importance of constraining lateral eddy transport of dissolved oxygen in such waters.
C1 [Gnanadesikan, A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Gnanadesikan, A.; Dunne, J. P.; John, J.] NOAA Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
RP Gnanadesikan, A (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
EM gnanades@jhu.edu
RI Gnanadesikan, Anand/A-2397-2008; Dunne, John/F-8086-2012; John,
Jasmin/F-8194-2012
OI Gnanadesikan, Anand/0000-0001-5784-1116; Dunne,
John/0000-0002-8794-0489; John, Jasmin/0000-0003-2696-277X
NR 37
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 1
U2 12
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1726-4170
EI 1726-4189
J9 BIOGEOSCIENCES
JI Biogeosciences
PY 2012
VL 9
IS 3
BP 1159
EP 1172
DI 10.5194/bg-9-1159-2012
PG 14
WC Ecology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA 917LX
UT WOS:000302179500021
ER
PT J
AU Shrestha, P
Ochia, A
Cheung, KP
Campbell, JP
Baumgart, H
Harris, G
AF Shrestha, P.
Ochia, A.
Cheung, K. P.
Campbell, J. P.
Baumgart, H.
Harris, G.
TI High-Speed Endurance and Switching Measurements for Memristive Switches
SO ELECTROCHEMICAL AND SOLID STATE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
AB Accurate capture of the Set/Reset characteristics is a necessary but challenging task for the development of memristive switches. Here we describe and demonstrate a technique capable of meeting this challenge. This technique can measure the transient current during the Set/Reset operation with a rise time of 4 ns and simultaneously measure the OFF state resistance (R-off) to 1.6G Omega and the ON state resistance (R-on) to less than 10 Omega. It can also rapidly cycle through the sense states to study endurance. Solid electrolyte Pt/Ta2O5/Cu memristive switches (R-on/R-off ratio of > 10(4)) are used to highlight this new measurement capability. (C) 2012 The Electrochemical Society. [DOI: 10.1149/2.002206esl] All rights reserved.
C1 [Shrestha, P.; Ochia, A.; Cheung, K. P.; Campbell, J. P.] NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Shrestha, P.; Baumgart, H.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA.
[Baumgart, H.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Appl Res Ctr, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
[Ochia, A.; Harris, G.] Howard Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Washington, DC 20059 USA.
RP Shrestha, P (reprint author), NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM kin.cheung@nist.gov
NR 12
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 9
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA
SN 1099-0062
EI 1944-8775
J9 ELECTROCHEM SOLID ST
JI Electrochem. Solid State Lett.
PY 2012
VL 15
IS 5
BP H173
EP H175
DI 10.1149/2.002206esl
PG 3
WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science
GA 910QS
UT WOS:000301656700026
ER
PT J
AU Kogan, F
Salazar, L
Roytman, L
AF Kogan, Felix
Salazar, Luis
Roytman, Leonid
TI Forecasting crop production using satellite-based vegetation health
indices in Kansas, USA
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-RESOLUTION RADIOMETER; NEAR-INFRARED CHANNELS; REMOTELY-SENSED
DATA; POSTLAUNCH CALIBRATION; NOAA-14 SPACECRAFT; AVHRR; DROUGHT; YIELD
AB This article shows the results of early crop yield prediction from remote-sensing data. The study was carried out in Kansas, USA. The methodology proposed allows the estimation of winter wheat (WW), sorghum and corn yields 3-4 months before harvest. The procedure uses the vegetation health (VH) indices (vegetation condition index (VCI) and temperature condition index (TCI)) computed for each pixel and week over a 21-year period (1985-2005) from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) data. Over this period, a strong correlation was found between crop yield and VH indices during the weather-related critical period of crop development, which controls much final crop productivity. The 3-month advanced yield forecasts were independently compared with official agricultural statistics, showing that the estimation errors for WW, sorghum and corn were 8%, 6% and 3%, respectively. Implementing the 3-4 months lead forecast in operational practice will aid farmers to mitigate weather vagaries using irrigation, diseases/insects control, application of fertilizers and so on during a growing season and will help decision-makers to regulate marketing strategies, import/export and price policies and address food security issues.
C1 [Kogan, Felix] Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res STAR, NOAA, Camp Springs, MD 20276 USA.
[Salazar, Luis] CUNY City Coll, NOAA CREST Ctr, New York, NY 10031 USA.
RP Kogan, F (reprint author), Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res STAR, NOAA, Camp Springs, MD 20276 USA.
EM Felix.Kogan@noaa.gov
RI Kogan, Felix/F-5600-2010
OI Kogan, Felix/0000-0001-8216-900X
NR 32
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 22
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0143-1161
J9 INT J REMOTE SENS
JI Int. J. Remote Sens.
PY 2012
VL 33
IS 9
BP 2798
EP 2814
DI 10.1080/01431161.2011.621464
PG 17
WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
GA 917HF
UT WOS:000302162800007
ER
PT J
AU Helmert, K
Hassler, B
Seltmann, JEE
AF Helmert, Kathleen
Hassler, Birgit
Seltmann, Joerg E. E.
TI An operational tool to quality control 2D radar reflectivity data for
assimilation in COSMO-DE
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
ID NONPRECIPITATING ECHOES; IDENTIFICATION; REMOVAL; PROFILE
AB An operational tool has been designed to enhance the quality of 2D radar reflectivity data for assimilation in COSMO-DE within the German Weather Service (DWD). This article describes the operational algorithms including their testing, the creation of local and composite quality-index fields and their application to improve data assimilation. In the first step, algorithms have been developed and tested to define and identify some of the most severe errors in radar data: corrupt images, low-reflectivity phenomena, which occur under special meteorological conditions, spokes, rings and clutter remnants/speckles. The algorithms use simple but effective tests based on statistical and textural characteristics of spurious signals. The results are stored in an 8-bit quality-index field created concurrently with the radar data at each radar station. It contains quality flags for each individual range bin plus some header information on the overall quality of the underlying data set. The independent coding of error bits enables a differentiated a posteriori decision on whether a range bin is to be used for a given application. These local quality index fields are then used to create a radar precipitation composite, accompanied by a quality-index composite, covering Germany. This tool has now been applied operationally throughout the German radar network. As a result, the radar data quality in data assimilation could be increased.
C1 [Helmert, Kathleen] German Weather Serv, Offenbach, Germany.
[Hassler, Birgit; Seltmann, Joerg E. E.] German Weather Serv, Meteorol Observ Hohenpeissenberg, Hohenpeissenberg, Germany.
[Hassler, Birgit] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Hassler, Birgit] NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Helmert, K (reprint author), German Weather Serv, Offenbach, Germany.
EM Kathleen.Helmert@dwd.de
RI Hassler, Birgit/E-8987-2010
OI Hassler, Birgit/0000-0003-2724-709X
NR 33
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 4
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0143-1161
J9 INT J REMOTE SENS
JI Int. J. Remote Sens.
PY 2012
VL 33
IS 11
BP 3456
EP 3471
DI 10.1080/01431161.2011.592161
PG 16
WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
GA 917HP
UT WOS:000302163800007
ER
PT J
AU Raja, MKRV
Wu, XQ
Yu, FF
AF Raja, M. K. Rama Varma
Wu, Xiangqian
Yu, Fangfang
TI Assessment of MetOp-A Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR)
short-wave infrared channel measurements using Infrared Atmospheric
Sounding Interferometer (IASI) observations and line-by-line radiative
transfer model simulations
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
ID LAND-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; CALIBRATION; RADIANCES; NOAA-16
AB MetOp-A satellite-based hyper-spectral Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) observations are used to evaluate the accuracy of the broadband short-wave infrared (SWIR) atmospheric window channel (channel 3B) centred at 3.74 mu m of the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) carried on the same platform. To complement the partial spectral coverage of IASI, line-by-line radiative transfer model (LBLRTM)-simulated IASI spectra are used. The comparisons result in significant negative AVHRR minus IASI bias in radiance (similar to-0.04 mW m(-2) sr(-1) cm(-1)) with scene temperature dependency in which the absolute value of the bias linearly increases with increasing temperature. It is demonstrated that the negative bias and the scene temperature dependency of the bias are the results of significant absorption in the portion of AVHRR spectral band not seen by IASI, leading to the conclusion that MetOp-A AVHRR channel 3B is not purely an 'atmospheric window' channel.
C1 [Raja, M. K. Rama Varma] NASA, NPP OMPS Sci Operat Ctr, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Lanham, MD 20706 USA.
[Yu, Fangfang] NOAA, Sensor Phys Branch, ERT Syst Inc, NESDIS,STAR, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
RP Raja, MKRV (reprint author), NASA, NPP OMPS Sci Operat Ctr, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Lanham, MD 20706 USA.
EM ramavarmaraja.mundakkara-kovilakom@nasa.gov
RI Yu, Fangfang/E-7942-2011; Wu, Xiangqian/F-5634-2010
OI Yu, Fangfang/0000-0001-8343-0863; Wu, Xiangqian/0000-0002-7804-5650
FU I.M. Systems Group, Inc.; NOAA/NESDIS/STAR; NOAA [IA1-1016]
FX The authors are grateful to Dr Michael Weinreb of NOAA/NESDIS/SOCC for
helpful discussions during the course of the work. M. K. Rama Varma Raja
also gratefully acknowledges the helpful discussions during the course
of the reported work with Dr Changyong Cao (NOAA/NESDIS/STAR), Dr Likun
Wang (Dell Services Federal Government@NOAA/NESDIS/STAR) and Dr Ruiyue
Chen (I. M. Systems Group, Inc.@NOAA/NESDIS/STAR). M. K. Rama Varma Raja
gratefully acknowledges the support received from I.M. Systems Group,
Inc., during the course of this work. This work was funded by the
NOAA/NESDIS/STAR cal/val project and the NOAA Science Data Stewardship
project through the interagency agreement IA1-1016. The contents are
solely the opinions of the authors and do not constitute a statement of
policy, decision or position on behalf of the NOAA or the US Government.
NR 20
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0143-1161
J9 INT J REMOTE SENS
JI Int. J. Remote Sens.
PY 2012
VL 33
IS 16
BP 5240
EP 5250
DI 10.1080/01431161.2012.656766
PG 11
WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
GA 917JE
UT WOS:000302169400022
ER
PT J
AU Ilicak, M
Adcroft, AJ
Griffies, SM
Hallberg, RW
AF Ilicak, Mehmet
Adcroft, Alistair J.
Griffies, Stephen M.
Hallberg, Robert W.
TI Spurious dianeutral mixing and the role of momentum closure
SO OCEAN MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE Spurious dianeutral transport; Cabbeling; Overflows; Exchange-flow;
Ocean models; Momentum transport; Tracer advection; Reference potential
energy
ID OCEAN CIRCULATION MODELS; CLIMATE MODELS; FINITE-VOLUME; Z-COORDINATE;
PART I; GENERAL-CIRCULATION; ADVECTION SCHEME; NUMERICAL-MODEL;
FREE-SURFACE; SIMULATION
AB This paper examines spurious dianeutral transport within a suite of ocean models (GOLD, MITGCM, MOM, and ROMS). We quantify such transport through a global diagnostic that computes the reference potential energy, whose evolution arises solely through transport between density classes. Previous studies have focused on the importance of accurate tracer advection schemes in reducing the spurious transport and closure. The present study highlights complementary issues associated with momentum transport. Spurious dianeutral transport is shown to be directly proportional to the lateral grid Reynolds number (Re-Delta), with such transport significantly reduced when Re-Delta < 10.
Simulations with the isopycnal model GOLD provide a benchmark for the smallest level of spurious dianeutral transport realizable in our model suite. For idealized simulations with a linear equation of state. GOLD exhibits identically zero spurious dianeutral mixing, and thus maintains a constant reference potential energy when all physical mixing processes are omitted. Amongst the non-isopycnal models tested in idealized simulations, ROMS generally produces smaller spurious dianeutral mixing than MITGCM or MOM, since ROMS makes use of a higher order upwind-biased scheme for momentum transport that enforces a small Re-Delta. In contrast, MITGCM and MOM both employ unbiased (centered) discretizations of momentum transport, and therefore rely on lateral friction operators to control the grid Reynolds number. We find that a lateral shear-dependent Smagorinsky viscosity provides an effective means to locally reduce Re-Delta, and thus to reduce spurious dianeutral transport in MITGCM and MOM.
In addition to four idealized simulations, we quantify spurious dianeutral transport in realistic global ocean climate simulations using GOLD and MOM with a realistic equation of state for seawater, both with and without mesoscale eddies in the resolved flow field. The GOLD simulations have detectable levels of spurious cabbeling from along isopycnal advective truncation errors. Significantly larger spurious dianeutral transport arises in a non-eddying MOM simulation. In an eddying MOM simulation, spurious dianeutral transport is larger still but is reduced by increasing momentum friction. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ilicak, Mehmet; Griffies, Stephen M.; Hallberg, Robert W.] Princeton Univ, NOAA GFDL, Princeton, NJ 08542 USA.
[Ilicak, Mehmet; Adcroft, Alistair J.] Princeton Univ, Atmospher & Ocean Sci Program, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
RP Ilicak, M (reprint author), Princeton Univ, NOAA GFDL, Forrestal Campus,201 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08542 USA.
EM mehmet.ilicak@noaa.gov
RI Adcroft, Alistair/E-5949-2010; ILICAK, Mehmet/H-2219-2011
OI Adcroft, Alistair/0000-0001-9413-1017; ILICAK,
Mehmet/0000-0002-4777-8835
NR 63
TC 43
Z9 43
U1 1
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1463-5003
J9 OCEAN MODEL
JI Ocean Model.
PY 2012
VL 45-46
BP 37
EP 58
DI 10.1016/j.ocemod.2011.10.003
PG 22
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
GA 917ON
UT WOS:000302187700004
ER
PT J
AU Tkacik, DS
Luna-Cruz, Y
Clinton, N
Spak, S
Ryan, J
AF Tkacik, Daniel S.
Luna-Cruz, Yaitza
Clinton, Nicholas
Spak, Scott
Ryan, John
TI Atmospheric correction for MASTER image data using localized modelled
and observed meteorology and trace gases
SO REMOTE SENSING LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID ARCTAS-CARB PERIOD; OZONE; MODIS; CALIFORNIA; ALGORITHM
AB Atmospheric correction for remote sensing-based studies typically does not use information from spatio-temporally resolved meteorological models. We assessed the effect of using observations and mesoscale weather and chemical transport models on multispectral retrievals of land and ocean properties. We performed two atmospheric corrections on image data acquired by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)/Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) airborne simulator over Monterey Bay, California. One correction used local atmospheric profiles of meteorology and trace gases at overpass and the other used the 1976 US Standard default atmospheric profile in the MODTRAN4 radiative transfer model. We found only minor impacts from atmospheric correction in the Fluorescence Line Height index of ocean chlorophyll, but substantive differences in retrievals of surface temperature and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index. Improvements in sea surface temperature retrieval were validated by in situ measurements. Results indicate that spatio-temporally specific atmospheric correction factors from mesoscale models can improve retrievals of surface properties from remotely sensed image data.
C1 [Clinton, Nicholas] NASA, Airborne Sensor Facil, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Tkacik, Daniel S.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Luna-Cruz, Yaitza] Howard Univ, Ctr Atmospher Sci, NOAA, Washington, DC 20059 USA.
[Spak, Scott] Univ Iowa, Ctr Global & Reg Environm Res, Iowa City, IA USA.
[Ryan, John] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA USA.
RP Clinton, N (reprint author), NASA, Airborne Sensor Facil, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
EM nicholas.clinton@nasa.gov
RI Spak, Scott/B-7331-2008; Tkacik, Daniel/G-5630-2011
OI Spak, Scott/0000-0002-8545-1411;
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); National
Suborbital Education and Research Center (NSERC)
FX This research was supported by the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (NASA) and the National Suborbital Education and Research
Center (NSERC) during the 2009 Student Airborne Research Program (SARP).
In situ data collection was supported by R. Kudela (University of
California, Santa Cruz).
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 9
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 2150-704X
J9 REMOTE SENS LETT
JI Remote Sens. Lett.
PY 2012
VL 3
IS 3
BP 201
EP 209
DI 10.1080/01431161.2010.551550
PG 9
WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
GA 918KH
UT WOS:000302247900003
ER
PT J
AU Kovalskyy, V
Roy, DP
Zhang, X
Ju, JC
AF Kovalskyy, Valeriy
Roy, David P.
Zhang, Xiaoyang
Ju, Junchang
TI The suitability of multi-temporal web-enabled Landsat data NDVI for
phenological monitoring - a comparison with flux tower and MODIS NDVI
SO REMOTE SENSING LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID VEGETATION PHENOLOGY; BIDIRECTIONAL REFLECTANCE; TEMPORAL RESOLUTION;
RADIATION SENSORS; NORTH-AMERICA; SATELLITE; ALBEDO; PARAMETERS;
PRODUCTS; SURFACE
AB Three years of flux-tower-derived normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data were compared with contemporaneous 30 m web-enabled Landsat data (WELD) and with 500 m Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) nadir bidirectional reflectance distribution function-adjusted reflectance (NBAR) NDVI data to assess the relative suitability of these different resolutions of freely available satellite data for phenological monitoring. Comparisons were made at two flux tower sites in the United States with average to above average cloud cover. The WELD 30 m NDVI data were found to have higher correlation with the flux tower NDVI data than the MODIS 500 m NBAR NDVI data. The dates of vegetation green-up onset and maximum-greenness onset, derived using an established phenological metric extraction methodology, were generally closer between the flux tower and WELD NDVI data than between the flux tower and MODIS NBAR data. These results indicate that the WELD NDVI time series is suitable for 30 m scale phenological monitoring.
C1 [Kovalskyy, Valeriy; Roy, David P.; Ju, Junchang] S Dakota State Univ, Geog Informat Sci Ctr Excellence, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Zhang, Xiaoyang] NOAA, Earth Resources Technol Inc, NESDIS, STAR, Camp Springs, MD 20701 USA.
RP Kovalskyy, V (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Geog Informat Sci Ctr Excellence, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
EM Valeriy.Kovalskyy@sdstate.edu
RI Zhang, Xiaoyang/E-3208-2010
NR 33
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 2
U2 26
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 2150-704X
J9 REMOTE SENS LETT
JI Remote Sens. Lett.
PY 2012
VL 3
IS 4
BP 325
EP 334
DI 10.1080/01431161.2011.593581
PG 10
WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
GA 918KK
UT WOS:000302248200006
ER
PT S
AU Wang, YM
AF Wang, Yan Ming
BE Sneeuw, N
Novak, P
Crespi, M
Sanso, F
TI On the Omission Errors Due to Limited Grid Size in Geoid Computations
SO VII HOTINE-MARUSSI SYMPOSIUM ON MATHEMATICAL GEODESY
SE International Association of Geodesy Symposia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 7th Hotine-Marussi Symposium on Mathematical Geodesy
CY JUN 06-10, 2009
CL Sapienza Univ Rome, Fac Engn, Rome, ITALY
SP Federazione delle Assoc Scientifiche per Informazioni Territoriali Ambientali (ASITA), Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI), European Space Agcy (ESA)
HO Sapienza Univ Rome, Fac Engn
DE Geoid; Omission error; RTM effect
AB Based on the assumption that the ultra-high frequencies of the gravity field are produced by the topography variations, we compute the omission errors by using 3 arc-second elevation data from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM). It is shown that the maximum omission errors to the geoid are in the range of dm, cm and sub-cm level for grid sizes of 5 '', 2 '' and 1 '' over the contiguous United States (CONUS), respectively. The results suggest that a 1 arc-minute grid size is sufficient for the 1-cm geoid, even for areas with very rough topography. The results also show that the omission errors to gravity are significant even for 100 grid size, at which the smoothed-out gravity still reaches tens of mGals. The omission errors to gravity at a 5 '' grid size peaks above 1 '' mGals, demonstrating the importance of correction of residual terrain to gravity observations in data gridding or block mean value computations.
The results are also compared with those based on Kaula's rule. While the omission errors based on Kaula's rule are +/- 0.5 and +/- 3.0 cm for 1 '' and 5 '' grid size, respectively, the RMS values of the omission error in this paper are +/- 0.1 and +/- 1.1 cm. The differences suggest Kaula's rule may overestimate the power of the gravity field at the ultra-high frequency band, which renders the convergence studies of the spherical harmonic series based on Kaula's rule questionable.
C1 Natl Geodet Survey, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Wang, YM (reprint author), Natl Geodet Survey, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM YAN.WANG@NOAA.GOV
RI Symposia, IAG/K-2857-2012
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
SN 0939-9585
BN 978-3-642-22078-4; 978-3-642-22077-7
J9 IAG SYMP
PY 2012
VL 137
DI 10.1007/978-3-642-22078-4_33
PG 6
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Remote Sensing
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Remote Sensing
GA BZN52
UT WOS:000302145900033
ER
PT J
AU Dudowicz, J
Freed, KF
Douglas, JF
AF Dudowicz, Jacek
Freed, Karl F.
Douglas, Jack F.
TI Can the Miscibility of Telechelic Polymer Solutions Increase with
Polymer Chain Length?
SO ACS MACRO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID LATTICE MODEL; BLENDS; WATER
AB Increasing the molar mass of the polymers in blends and in solutions tends to decrease miscibility, but application of the lattice cluster theory for strongly interactiong polymer systems to telechelic polymer solutions explains why this usual trend can be inverted, a situation actually observed in some telechelic polymer solutions and blends.
C1 [Dudowicz, Jacek; Freed, Karl F.] Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Dudowicz, Jacek; Freed, Karl F.] Univ Chicago, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Douglas, Jack F.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Dudowicz, J (reprint author), Univ Chicago, James Franck Inst, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
EM dudowicz@jfi.uchicago.edu
FU NSF [CHE-1111918]
FX The paper is supported, in part, by NSF Grant No. CHE-1111918.
NR 18
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 2161-1653
J9 ACS MACRO LETT
JI ACS Macro Lett.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 1
IS 1
BP 88
EP 91
DI 10.1021/mz200101p
PG 4
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 913YR
UT WOS:000301913800021
ER
PT J
AU Lee, JH
Chung, JY
Stafford, CM
AF Lee, Jung-Hyun
Chung, Jun Young
Stafford, Christopher M.
TI Effect of Confinement on Stiffness and Fracture of Thin Amorphous
Polymer Films
SO ACS MACRO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID GLASS-TRANSITION TEMPERATURE; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ELASTIC-MODULI;
CRACKING; STRESS; MEMBRANES; STRENGTH; SURFACES
AB The elastic modulus, fracture strength, and onset fracture strain of supported glassy polystyrene films with a thickness ranging from 250 to 9 nm were quantitatively determined by a recently developed wrinkling-cracking method. Films with a thickness below about 40 nm showed a decrease in both elastic modulus and fracture strength with decreasing film thickness, whereas the onset fracture strain was shown to increase. The observed variations in mechanical properties with respect to the bulk counterparts support the notion that a mechanically soft thin layer having a loosely entangled chain network exists in the near-surface region of polymeric materials, whose contribution becomes more pronounced in thinner films.
C1 [Lee, Jung-Hyun; Chung, Jun Young; Stafford, Christopher M.] NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Stafford, CM (reprint author), NIST, Div Polymers, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM chris.stafford@nist.gov
RI Lee, Jung-Hyun/H-1096-2011
NR 38
TC 15
Z9 17
U1 2
U2 47
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 2161-1653
J9 ACS MACRO LETT
JI ACS Macro Lett.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 1
IS 1
BP 122
EP 126
DI 10.1021/mz200090a
PG 5
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 913YR
UT WOS:000301913800028
ER
PT J
AU Wang, J
Bai, XZ
Wang, DX
Wang, DR
Hu, HG
Yang, XY
AF Wang, Jia
Bai, Xuezhi
Wang, Dongxiao
Wang, Daoru
Hu, Haoguo
Yang, Xiaoyi
TI Impacts of the Siberian High and Arctic Oscillation on the East Asia
winter monsoon: Driving downwelling in the western Bering Sea
SO AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM HEALTH & MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Aleutian low; coupled ice-ocean model; marginal seas; semi-enclosed seas
ID INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; LABRADOR SEA; OCEAN MODEL; ICE
AB The relationships between the wind fields of the East Asia winter monsoon (EAWM), the Siberian High (SH), and the Arctic Oscillation (AO) were investigated using reanalysis products. The winter anomalies of the wind fields were systematically examined from the Bering Sea, the Sea of Okhotsk (SoO), the Sea of Japan (SOJ), the East China Sea (ECS), and all the way to the South China Sea (SCS). The sea-level pressure (SLP) difference between the SH and the Aleutian Low (AL) determines the intensity of the EAWM. Wind field anomalies are controlled directly by the SH and indirectly by the AO that has significant impacts on the SH and AL. It is found that +SH enhances the EAWM, while +AO reduces the intensity of the EAWM by reducing the SLP difference (gradient) between the SH and AL; vice versa for the -SH and -AO, respectively. The surface air temperature (SAT) anomalies caused by the +SH result in a significant cooling in the downstream regions and a warming in the upstream regions; vice versa for the negative phase of the SH. The +AO produces a large warming in northern Eurasian and a cooling in the Bering Sea. Furthermore, using a Coupled Ice-Ocean Model (CIOM), it is found that the EAWM can produce a downwelling and dense water formation along the Siberian coast in the western Bering Sea, and also a significant surface-to-bottom convection over the Bering shelf, forming the winter shelf water, which can survive the summer as the so-called cold pool. The cold pool in the Bering Sea has significant impacts on marine ecosystems and habitat including fisheries, which has much implication to other marginal seas of East Asia.
C1 [Wang, Jia] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[Bai, Xuezhi; Hu, Haoguo] Univ Michigan, Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosyst Res, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Wang, Dongxiao] Chinese Acad Sci, S China Sea Inst Oceanol, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Daoru] Hainan Marine Dev & Design Inst, Hainan, Peoples R China.
[Yang, Xiaoyi] Xiamen Univ, Xiamen, Fujian, Peoples R China.
RP Wang, J (reprint author), NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, 4840 S State Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
EM jia.wang@noaa.gov
RI WANG, DongXiao/B-4445-2012
FU NOAA RUSALCA
FX We thank supports from the NOAA RUSALCA (Joint Russian-American
Long-Term Census of the Arctic) International Polar Year modeling
project. We want to thank two anonymous reviewers for their very
constructive comments, which helped significantly improve this paper.
Thanks also go to Cathy Darnell of NOAA GLERL for editing this paper.
This is also GLERL Contribution No. 1617.
NR 25
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 9
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 520 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1463-4988
EI 1539-4077
J9 AQUAT ECOSYST HEALTH
JI Aquat. Ecosyst. Health Manag.
PY 2012
VL 15
IS 1
BP 20
EP 30
DI 10.1080/14634988.2012.648860
PG 11
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA 914NE
UT WOS:000301956600005
ER
PT J
AU Miller, SD
Schmidt, CC
Schmit, TJ
Hillger, DW
AF Miller, Steven D.
Schmidt, Christopher C.
Schmit, Timothy J.
Hillger, Donald W.
TI A case for natural colour imagery from geostationary satellites, and an
approximation for the GOES-R ABI
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
ID OCEAN; AEROSOL; MODIS; CHLOROPHYLL; RETRIEVAL; WATER; SCATTERING;
FEATURES; PARTICLE; COASTAL
AB 'Natural' (or 'true') colour imagery, so-called for its qualitative likeness to colour photography, is one of the most visually intuitive and readily communicable forms of satellite information. It is constructed by combining solar reflectance measurements from three narrow spectral bands defining the red, green and blue wavelengths of visible light. Natural colour facilitates the interpretation of multiple components in the complex earth/atmosphere scene and, therefore, it is widely used by experts and non-experts alike to visualize many forms of geophysical phenomena. Although sensors on board low-Earth-orbiting (LEO) satellites have long-demonstrated the superior quality of natural colour imagery over various other 'false colour' renditions, similar capabilities currently do not exist on sensors operating in geostationary orbits that offer distinct advantages over LEO in terms of high temporal refresh. The Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) of the next-generation Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES)-R series will include the blue and red bands, but is missing the 0.55 mu m green band necessary for producing natural colour. The emphases of this article are twofold. First, we consider the merits of natural colour imagery from the standpoints of both science and operational users, and the philosophical roadblocks of a system definition process that seems inherently ill-equipped to consider qualitative user requirements. Second, we present a mitigation strategy for GOES-R ABI that entails synthesizing the missing ABI green band information via its correlation with spectrally adjacent available bands, with a first-order account for surface type dependencies. The technique is developed, demonstrated and evaluated here using Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data.
C1 [Miller, Steven D.] Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Schmidt, Christopher C.] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Space Sci & Engn, CIMSS, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Schmit, Timothy J.] NOAA NESDIS STAR, ASPB, Madison, WI USA.
[Hillger, Donald W.] NOAA NESDIS STAR, RAMMB, Ft Collins, CO USA.
RP Miller, SD (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM miller@cira.colostate.edu
RI Hillger, Donald/F-5592-2010; Schmit, Timothy/F-5624-2010
OI Hillger, Donald/0000-0001-7297-2640;
FU programme office at PEO via Naval Research Laboratory [C4I PMW-120, PE
0603207N, N00173-10-C-2003]; NOAA National Environmental Satellite,
Data, and Information Service (NESDIS) GOES-R Program Office
FX This work was supported by the Oceanographer of the Navy through the
programme office at PEO C4I PMW-120 (PE 0603207N) via Naval Research
Laboratory (contract N00173-10-C-2003), and by the NOAA National
Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS) GOES-R
Program Office. We thank Liam Gumley (SSEC/UW-Madison), Jacques
Descloitres (NASA/GSFC), and Jeffrey Schmaltz (NASA/GSFC) for software
assistance, and Scott Bachmeier (Cooperative Institute for
Meteorological Satellite Studies, UW-Madison) for directing us towards
useful case studies. The views, opinions, and findings contained in this
report are those of the authors and should not be construed as an
official NOAA or United States government position, policy, or decision.
NR 35
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 2
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0143-1161
J9 INT J REMOTE SENS
JI Int. J. Remote Sens.
PY 2012
VL 33
IS 13
BP 3999
EP 4028
DI 10.1080/01431161.2011.637529
PG 30
WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
GA 917IX
UT WOS:000302168500002
ER
PT J
AU Winder, VL
Pennington, PL
Hurd, MW
Wirth, EF
AF Winder, Virginia L.
Pennington, Paul L.
Hurd, Mark W.
Wirth, Ed F.
TI Fluoxetine effects on sheepshead minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus)
locomotor activity
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART B-PESTICIDES FOOD
CONTAMINANTS AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES
LA English
DT Article
DE Fluoxetine; locomotor activity; pharmaceuticals; serotonin; sheepshead
minnow
ID BRAIN SEROTONERGIC ACTIVITY; CHAR SALVELINUS-ALPINUS; SEWAGE-TREATMENT
PLANTS; PHARMACEUTICAL SUBSTANCES; FEEDING-BEHAVIOR; SOCIAL RANK; FISH;
ACETYLCHOLINE; ANTIDEPRESSANTS; ZEBRAFISH
AB Fluoxetine (FLX), a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, is among the top 100 drugs prescribed annually in the United States and the United Kingdom and is one of many pharmaceutical products that have been detected in global surface waters. Our study used sublethal concentrations to assess the impact of FLX exposure on sheepshead minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus) locomotor behavior. Exposures lasted for 56 hours, and fish were recorded for locomotor behavior assessment at six timepoints between 1-56 h post-dose. Behavior was recorded to quantify locomotor activity using line crossing counts. Animals treated with 300 mu g L-1 FLX exhibited reduced locomotor activity at 1, 25, 32, 49 and 56 h post-dose. An EC25 value of 2 mu g L-1 (lower and upper 95 % confidence limits at 1.3, 43 mu g L-1, respectively) was determined for locomotor activity at 32 h of exposure. Changes in locomotor activity due to FLX exposure may have implications for the ecological response of populations to other natural and anthropogenic stressors.
C1 [Winder, Virginia L.; Pennington, Paul L.; Wirth, Ed F.] Coll Charleston, Dept Biol, Charleston, SC 29424 USA.
[Pennington, Paul L.; Wirth, Ed F.] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Charleston, SC USA.
[Hurd, Mark W.] Coll Charleston, Dept Psychol, Charleston, SC 29401 USA.
[Hurd, Mark W.] Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Neurosci, Charleston, SC 29425 USA.
RP Winder, VL (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol & Marine Biol, 601 S Coll Rd, Wilmington, NC 28403 USA.
EM vlw3056@uncw.edu
NR 30
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 34
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0360-1234
J9 J ENVIRON SCI HEAL B
JI J. Environ. Sci. Health Part B-Pestic. Contam. Agric. Wastes
PY 2012
VL 47
IS 1
BP 51
EP 58
DI 10.1080/03601234.2012.607767
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health
GA 916AD
UT WOS:000302067900007
PM 22022788
ER
PT J
AU Manley, TO
McCormick, M
Gascard, JC
Tillier, P
Hunkins, KL
Manley, PL
AF Manley, T. O.
McCormick, Michael
Gascard, Jean Claude
Tillier, Pierre
Hunkins, Kenneth L.
Manley, Patricia L.
TI An initial view of subsurface Lagrangian observations in Lake Champlain:
General patterns, cross-lake flow and coastal currents
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Cross-lake flow; Ekman dynamics; Lake Champlain; Lagrangian; Sub-surface
floats; Kelvin wave
ID WAVES; BASIN
AB Subsurface free-drifting floats operating in the Main Lake of Lake Champlain in 2002 and 2004 showed the presence of 1) small circular to elliptical motion away from coastal boundaries, 2) linear to curvilinear motion associated with alongshore currents and 3) subsurface westward cross-lake flow located within the base of the epilimnion and upper metalimnion (10-16 m) followed by large displacements up to 48 km by a coastal current. This subsurface westward flow is believed to be driven by linked upwelling and downwelling regimes on either side of the lake. Subsurface moorings deployed for similar to 34 days in 2007 and within 1 km of Whallon Bay's (NY) western shore showed that Kelvin wave dynamics and a high-speed subsurface jet located above the metalimnic core and >600 m offshore could account for these large southerly transports. This subsurface jet may be linked to the cross-lake flow due to similar vertical positioning. The southern concave shape of Whallon Bay also appears to be the cause of high-speed northward-flowing currents within 400 m of the shore. (C) 2011 International Association for Great Lakes Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Manley, T. O.; Manley, Patricia L.] Middlebury Coll, Dept Geol, Middlebury, VT 05753 USA.
[McCormick, Michael] NOAA GLERL, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Gascard, Jean Claude] Univ Paris 06, LODYC Tour 14 15, F-75252 Paris 05, France.
[Tillier, Pierre] SeaScan, Falmouth, MA 02540 USA.
[Hunkins, Kenneth L.] Columbia Univ, LDEO, Palisades, NY USA.
RP Manley, TO (reprint author), Middlebury Coll, Dept Geol, 242 Bicentennial Way, Middlebury, VT 05753 USA.
EM tmanley@middlebury.edu; Michael.McCormick@noaa.gov;
gascard@lodyc.jussieu.fr; SeaScan@cape.com; hunkins@Ideo.columbia.edu;
tmanley@middlebury.edu
FU NOAA; Vermont Waters Resource Research Center; Lintilhac Foundation and
Middlebury College
FX This project was funded through NOAA appropriations to Lake Champlain,
the Vermont Waters Resource Research Center, the Lintilhac Foundation
and Middlebury College. Many thanks go to Captain Richard Furbish and
first mate Mark Eisenhower of the UVM research vessel Melosira for their
professional excellence, countless mooring/float deployments and
recoveries along with their unparalleled camaraderie. Sincere thanks to
John Sinclair of the Vermont State Police Marine Patrol who found our
missing 2003 drifter. Special note is given to the Middlebury College
oceanography class of 2007 that helped deploy, recover and provide some
of the initial analysis of the data from the Whallon Bay mooring array.
Many discussions with Dima Beletsky were extremely valuable in the
development of this manuscript. Modeling and visual display of many of
the images within this document were created using earthVisions by
Dynamic Graphics, Inc, Alameda, CA.
NR 24
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PY 2012
VL 38
SU 1
SI SI
BP 76
EP 87
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2011.07.006
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 908TF
UT WOS:000301514000008
ER
PT J
AU Forbes, TP
Forry, SP
AF Forbes, Thomas P.
Forry, Samuel P.
TI Microfluidic magnetophoretic separations of immunomagnetically labeled
rare mammalian cells
SO LAB ON A CHIP
LA English
DT Article
ID CIRCULATING TUMOR-CELLS; PARAMAGNETIC BEADS; CAPTURE; DEVICES; MODEL;
TRANSPORT; SYSTEMS; CANCER
AB Immunomagnetic isolation and magnetophoresis in microfluidics have emerged as viable techniques for the separation, fractionation, and enrichment of rare cells. Here we present the development and characterization of a microfluidic system that incorporates an angled permanent magnet for the lateral magnetophoresis of superparamagnetic beads and labeled cell-bead complexes. A numerical model, based on the relevant transport processes, is developed as a design tool for the demonstration and prediction of magnetophoretic displacement. We employ a dimensionless magnetophoresis parameter to efficiently investigate the design space, gain insight into the physics of the system, and compare results across the vast spectrum of magnetophoretic microfluidic systems. The numerical model and theoretical analysis are experimentally validated by the lateral magnetophoretic deflection of superparamagnetic beads and magnetically labeled breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells in a microfluidic device that incorporates a permanent magnet angled relative to the flow. Through the dimensionless magnetophoresis parameter, the transition between regimes of magnetophoretic action, from hydrodynamically dominated (magnetic deflection) to magnetically dominated (magnetic capture), is experimentally identified. This powerful tool and theoretical framework enables efficient device and experiment design of biologically relevant systems, taking into account their inherent variability and labeling distributions. This analysis identifies the necessary beads, magnet configuration (orientation), magnet type (permanent, ferromagnetic, electromagnet), flow rate, channel geometry, and buffer to achieve the desired level of magnetophoretic deflection or capture.
C1 [Forbes, Thomas P.; Forry, Samuel P.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Forry, SP (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM samuel.forry@nist.gov
RI Forbes, Thomas/M-3091-2014
OI Forbes, Thomas/0000-0002-7594-5514
FU National Cancer Institute (NCI) [Y1-CN-0001-01]
FX We would like to thank Alessandro Tona at the National Institute of
Standards and Technology for his assistance establishing and maintaining
the MCF-7 cell line. This work was performed while TPF held a National
Research Council (NRC) Research Associateship Program (RAP) position.
Financial support was also provided through an Interagency Agreement
(Y1-CN-0001-01) with the National Cancer Institute (NCI).
NR 42
TC 46
Z9 48
U1 3
U2 70
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1473-0197
EI 1473-0189
J9 LAB CHIP
JI Lab Chip
PY 2012
VL 12
IS 8
BP 1471
EP 1479
DI 10.1039/c2lc40113d
PG 9
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience
& Nanotechnology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Science & Technology -
Other Topics
GA 914XL
UT WOS:000301986500011
PM 22395226
ER
PT J
AU Muhling, BA
Lamkin, JT
Richards, WJ
AF Muhling, Barbara A.
Lamkin, John T.
Richards, William J.
TI Decadal-scale responses of larval fish assemblages to multiple ecosystem
processes in the northern Gulf of Mexico
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Gulf of Mexico; Ichthyoplankton; Multivariate statistics; Community
analyses
ID CALIFORNIA CURRENT REGION; ATLANTIC BLUEFIN TUNA; EASTERN BERING-SEA;
THUNNUS-THYNNUS; PACIFIC-OCEAN; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; MISSISSIPPI RIVER;
MYCTOPHID FISHES; BROWN SHRIMP; VARIABILITY
AB Larval fish assemblages have been systematically sampled across the continental shelf of the northern Gulf of Mexico since the early 1980s. To date, these data have not been analyzed in terms of assemblage structure or variability, despite representing a highly valuable resource for examining decadal-scale change. In this study, multivariate statistical techniques were used to characterize temporal and spatial changes in abundances of the larvae of 20 common fish families from the early 1980s through to the late 2000s. The larvae of some pelagic and mesopelagic families showed marked increases in abundance over the survey time period, while the abundances of some benthic families decreased. Changes in assemblage structure were partially explained by changes in the Gulf of Mexico environment with respect to sea surface temperature and changes in shrimp trawling effort. Outflow from the Mississippi River was also influential on the interannual assemblage variability. However, the strong directional trends apparent in many family groups remained unexplained, and further research is required to discern the drivers of these patterns.
C1 [Muhling, Barbara A.] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Lamkin, John T.; Richards, William J.] NOAA, NMFS, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Muhling, BA (reprint author), Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM barbara.muhling@noaa.gov
NR 60
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 12
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2012
VL 450
BP 37
EP 53
DI 10.3354/meps09540
PG 17
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 915ZK
UT WOS:000302066000003
ER
PT J
AU Gaos, AR
Lewison, RL
Wallace, BP
Yanez, IL
Liles, MJ
Nichols, WJ
Baquero, A
Hasbun, CR
Vasquez, M
Urteaga, J
Seminoff, JA
AF Gaos, Alexander R.
Lewison, Rebecca L.
Wallace, Bryan P.
Yanez, Ingrid L.
Liles, Michael J.
Nichols, Wallace J.
Baquero, Andres
Hasbun, Carlos R.
Vasquez, Mauricio
Urteaga, Jose
Seminoff, Jeffrey A.
TI Spatial ecology of critically endangered hawksbill turtles Eretmochelys
imbricata: implications for management and conservation
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Satellite telemetry; Movement; Home range; Mangrove estuary; Migration;
Protected area; Eastern Pacific
ID HOME-RANGE SIZE; SATELLITE TELEMETRY; GREEN TURTLES; SEA-TURTLES;
CHELONIA-MYDAS; UTILIZATION DISTRIBUTIONS; LEPIDOCHELYS-KEMPII;
POPULATION-MODEL; COASTAL WATERS; TRACKING DATA
AB Elucidating spatio-temporal movements of animals is an integral component of wildlife conservation and protected species management. Between 2008 and 2010 we satellite tracked 15 adult female hawksbill turtles Eretmochelys imbricata in the eastern Pacific Ocean to evaluate their movement behavior and to guide management and conservation efforts of this highly endangered population. Movements and habitat use were highly neritic, and post-nesting migration distances (maximum = 283.11 km) were short relative to migrations of other sea turtle species. In foraging areas, the majority of hawksbills established restricted, inshore home ranges within mangrove estuaries. A large proportion (>65%) of turtle location points fell within protected areas, although many of these sites lack enforcement and monitoring. The consistent use of estuarine and mangrove habitat for nesting and foraging may explain why hawksbills went virtually undetected in the eastern Pacific for decades. The spatially restricted and neritic life cycles of adult hawksbills in the eastern Pacific highlight threats (e. g. overlap with coastal fisheries, increased susceptibility to habitat degradation and/or catastrophic events) and opportunities for conservation (e. g. acute conservation target areas, less variant jurisdictional boundaries/regulations) for this species. Our results underscore the importance of strengthening protected area management, mangrove estuary protection and hawksbill research and conservation in the eastern Pacific.
C1 [Gaos, Alexander R.; Wallace, Bryan P.; Yanez, Ingrid L.; Liles, Michael J.; Nichols, Wallace J.; Baquero, Andres; Vasquez, Mauricio; Urteaga, Jose; Seminoff, Jeffrey A.] Eastern Pacific Hawksbill Initiat, San Diego, CA 92102 USA.
[Gaos, Alexander R.; Lewison, Rebecca L.] San Diego State Univ, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
[Gaos, Alexander R.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Wallace, Bryan P.] Conservat Int, Global Marine Div, Arlington, VA 22202 USA.
[Wallace, Bryan P.] Duke Univ, Marine Lab, Div Marine Sci & Conservat, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
[Liles, Michael J.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Nichols, Wallace J.] Calif Acad Sci, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA.
[Baquero, Andres] Fdn Equilibrio Azul, Quito, Ecuador.
[Baquero, Andres] Univ San Francisco Quito, Quito 022971700, Ecuador.
[Hasbun, Carlos R.] US Agcy Int Dev, San Salvador 22352506, El Salvador.
[Vasquez, Mauricio] Univ Salvador, Inst Ciencias Mary Limnol, San Salvador, El Salvador.
[Urteaga, Jose] Fauna & Flora Int, Managua, Nicaragua.
[Seminoff, Jeffrey A.] SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Gaos, AR (reprint author), Eastern Pacific Hawksbill Initiat, San Diego, CA 92102 USA.
EM gaos@hawksbill.org
FU Southwest Fisheries Science Center of the National Ocean and Atmospheric
Administration; National Fish and Wildlife Foundation; US Fish and
Wildlife Service; Machalilla National Park; Paso Pacifico; Asociacion
para el Desarrollo Empresarial y Ambiental de Puerto Parada; Fundacion
para la Proteccion del Arrecife de Los Cobanos; Cooperativa de
Pescadores El Maculis; Ministry of the Environment and Natural Resources
of El Salvador; Cooperativa Multisectorial de Jiquilillo; Los Zorros y
Padre Ramos; Ocean Foundation
FX We thank Southwest Fisheries Science Center of the National Ocean and
Atmospheric Administration, National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, US
Fish and Wildlife Service, Machalilla National Park, Paso Pacifico,
Asociacion para el Desarrollo Empresarial y Ambiental de Puerto Parada,
Fundacion para la Proteccion del Arrecife de Los Cobanos, Cooperativa de
Pescadores El Maculis, Ministry of the Environment and Natural Resources
of El Salvador, Cooperativa Multisectorial de Jiquilillo, Los Zorros y
Padre Ramos and The Ocean Foundation for financial/logisitical support.
We also thank the following individuals: Rene Flores, Cristabel Flores,
Georgina Mariona, Wilfredo Lopez, Tarla Peterson, Sarah Otterstrom, Liza
Gonzalez, Salvador Sanchez, Perla Torres, Eduardo Altamirano Urbina,
Eddy Maradiaga, Luis Manzanares, Micaela Pena, Juan Pablo Munoz,
Gabriela Anhalzer, Felipe Vallejo, Michelle Pico, Earl Possardt, Grover
Jeane, Michael Carey, Philippe Gaspar, Remy Lopez, Michael Coyne and
Harry Johnson. We acknowledge insightful comments from several anonymous
reviewers.
NR 72
TC 11
Z9 15
U1 6
U2 90
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
EI 1616-1599
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2012
VL 450
BP 181
EP U198
DI 10.3354/meps09591
PG 18
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 915ZK
UT WOS:000302066000014
ER
PT J
AU Shaw, PW
Hendrickson, L
McKeown, NJ
Stonier, T
Naud, MJ
Sauer, WHH
AF Shaw, Paul W.
Hendrickson, Lisa
McKeown, Niall J.
Stonier, Terry
Naud, Marie-Jose
Sauer, Warwick H. H.
TI Population structure of the squid Doryteuthis (Loligo) pealeii on the
eastern coast of the USA: Reply to Gerlach et al. (2012)
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE Squid; Population genetics; Fisheries management
ID ATLANTIC COD
AB Gerlach et al. (2012; Mar Ecol Prog Ser 450:281-283) argue that temporal instability in patterns of cryptic genetic differentiation in Doryteuthis pealeii, resulting from sampling of family groups, is the most likely explanation for differences in patterns of genetic differentiation presented in Buresch et al. (2006) and Shaw et al. (2010). We agree that temporal genetic patchiness might be an explanation, but disagree that cohesive and genetically differentiated family groups are the cause. We conclude that currently there is not enough evidence for temporally stable population differentiation, explained by a feasible biological/physical mechanism, to support management of the species as anything other than single genetic stocks across large geographical regions of the NW Atlantic. Further study of this species is warranted to understand the factors generating temporal genetic changes.
C1 [Shaw, Paul W.; McKeown, Niall J.] Aberystwyth Univ, IBERS, Aberystwyth SY23 3FG, Dyfed, Wales.
[Hendrickson, Lisa] US Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Shaw, Paul W.; Stonier, Terry; Sauer, Warwick H. H.] Rhodes Univ, Dept Ichthyol & Fisheries Sci, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa.
[Naud, Marie-Jose] Marine Biol Assoc UK, Plymouth PL1 2PB, Devon, England.
RP Shaw, PW (reprint author), Aberystwyth Univ, IBERS, Aberystwyth SY23 3FG, Dyfed, Wales.
EM pws3@aber.ac.uk
NR 8
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 14
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2012
VL 450
BP 285
EP 287
DI 10.3354/meps09652
PG 3
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 915ZK
UT WOS:000302066000023
ER
PT J
AU Morishige, C
McElwee, K
AF Morishige, Carey
McElwee, Kris
TI At-sea detection of derelict fishing gear in the North Pacific: An
overview
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Marine debris; North Pacific; Remote sensing; Derelict fishing gear;
Detection
ID NORTHWESTERN HAWAIIAN-ISLANDS; MARINE DEBRIS ACCUMULATION; ZONE
CHLOROPHYLL FRONT; MONK SEAL; HABITAT; MIGRATION; FORAGE; OCEAN
AB There are numerous known impacts of derelict fishing gear (DFG) to marine ecosystems and safe navigation around the world. To mitigate these impacts, the preemptive detection and removal of DFG at sea are being pursued. This special issue focuses on the North Pacific Ocean because of historic and ongoing research on DFG in the area, particularly as it relates to the Hawaiian Archipelago. In order to develop an effective detection strategy, information and expertise from three disciplines must be integrated: marine debris, oceanography, and remote sensing technology. Building upon results and discussions during a workshop held in December 2008, this special issue provides both results of original research and review papers, pursuing each discipline as it relates to DFG and outlining a multi-faceted strategy to effectively detect DFG at sea. This strategy serves as a roadmap, taking us closer to realizing the goal of detecting and removing DFG at sea. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Morishige, Carey] IM Syst Grp Inc, Rockville, MD 20852 USA.
[Morishige, Carey; McElwee, Kris] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Marine Debris Program, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Morishige, C (reprint author), NOAA Marine Debris Program, 6600 Kalanianaole Highway,Suite 300, Honolulu, HI 96825 USA.
EM carey.morishige@noaa.gov
NR 30
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 22
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PY 2012
VL 65
IS 1-3
BP 1
EP 6
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.05.017
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 913SE
UT WOS:000301896900001
PM 21689834
ER
PT J
AU McElwee, K
Donohue, MJ
Courtney, CA
Morishige, C
Rivera-Vicente, A
AF McElwee, Kris
Donohue, Mary J.
Courtney, Catherine A.
Morishige, Carey
Rivera-Vicente, Ariel
TI A strategy for detecting derelict fishing gear at sea
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Marine debris; Remote sensing; Derelict fishing gear
ID NORTHWESTERN HAWAIIAN-ISLANDS; MARINE DEBRIS; MONK SEAL; ACCUMULATION;
NORTH; ENVIRONMENTS; PREDATION; POLYMERS; THREAT; ZONE
AB Derelict fishing gear (DFG) is a highly persistent form of marine pollution known to cause environmental and economic damage. At-sea detection of DFG would support pelagic removal of this gear to prevent and minimize impacts on marine environments and species. In 2008, experts in marine debris, oceanography, remote sensing, and marine policy outlined a strategy to develop the capability to detect and ultimately remove DFG from the open ocean. The strategy includes three interrelated components: understanding the characteristics of the targeted DFG, indirectly detecting DFG by modeling likely locations, and directly detecting pelagic DFG using remote sensing. Together, these components aim to refine the search area, increase the likelihood of detection, and decrease mitigation response time, thereby providing guidance for removal operations. Here, we present this at-sea detection strategy, relate it to relevant extant research and technology, and identify gaps that currently prevent successful at-sea detection and removal of DFG. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [McElwee, Kris; Morishige, Carey] NOAA, Marine Debris Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Donohue, Mary J.] Univ Hawaii, Sea Grant Coll Program, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Courtney, Catherine A.] Tetra Tech Inc, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA.
[Morishige, Carey] IM Syst Grp Inc, Rockville, MD 20852 USA.
[Rivera-Vicente, Ariel] Tetra Tech Inc, Carolina, PR 00984 USA.
RP Morishige, C (reprint author), NOAA, Marine Debris Program, 737 Bishop St,Suite 2250, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA.
EM carey.morishige@noaa.gov
NR 46
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 23
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PY 2012
VL 65
IS 1-3
BP 7
EP 15
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.09.006
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 913SE
UT WOS:000301896900002
PM 22018882
ER
PT J
AU Howell, EA
Bograd, SJ
Morishige, C
Seki, MP
Polovina, JJ
AF Howell, Evan A.
Bograd, Steven J.
Morishige, Carey
Seki, Michael P.
Polovina, Jeffrey J.
TI On North Pacific circulation and associated marine debris concentration
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE North Pacific; Marine debris; Garbage patch; Subtropical Convergence
Zone; Kuroshio Extension Recirculation Gyre
ID NORTHWESTERN HAWAIIAN-ISLANDS; TURTLES CARETTA-CARETTA; SUB-TROPICAL
FRONT; MONK SEAL; MONACHUS-SCHAUINSLANDI; TRANSITION ZONE; EL-NINO;
OCEAN; ACCUMULATION; VARIABILITY
AB Marine debris in the oceanic realm is an ecological concern, and many forms of marine debris negatively affect marine life. Previous observations and modeling results suggest that marine debris occurs in greater concentrations within specific regions in the North Pacific Ocean, such as the Subtropical Convergence Zone and eastern and western "Garbage Patches". Here we review the major circulation patterns and oceanographic convergence zones in the North Pacific, and discuss logical mechanisms for regional marine debris concentration, transport, and retention. We also present examples of meso- and large-scale spatial variability in the North Pacific, and discuss their relationship to marine debris concentration. These include mesoscale features such as eddy fields in the Subtropical Frontal Zone and the Kuroshio Extension Recirculation Gyre, and interannual to decadal climate events such as El Nino and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation/North Pacific Gyre Oscillation. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Howell, Evan A.; Seki, Michael P.; Polovina, Jeffrey J.] NOAA, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Bograd, Steven J.] NOAA, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Div Environm Res, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
[Morishige, Carey] NOAA, Marine Debris Program, IM Syst Grp, Honolulu, HI 96825 USA.
RP Howell, EA (reprint author), NOAA, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, 2570 Dole St, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
EM Evan.Howell@noaa.gov
OI Howell, Evan/0000-0001-9904-4633
NR 52
TC 39
Z9 40
U1 42
U2 382
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PY 2012
VL 65
IS 1-3
BP 16
EP 22
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.04.034
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 913SE
UT WOS:000301896900003
PM 21592531
ER
PT J
AU Pichel, WG
Veenstra, TS
Churnside, JH
Arabini, E
Friedman, KS
Foley, DG
Brainard, RE
Kiefer, D
Ogle, S
Clemente-Colon, P
Li, XF
AF Pichel, William G.
Veenstra, Timothy S.
Churnside, James H.
Arabini, Elena
Friedman, Karen S.
Foley, David G.
Brainard, Russell E.
Kiefer, Dale
Ogle, Simeon
Clemente-Colon, Pablo
Li, Xiaofeng
TI GhostNet marine debris survey in the Gulf of Alaska - Satellite guidance
and aircraft observations
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Marine debris; Gulf of Alaska; Remote sensing; GhostNet; Eddy
ID NORTHWESTERN HAWAIIAN-ISLANDS; NORTHERN GULF; EDDIES; OCEAN; EDDY;
ACCUMULATION; SEA
AB Marine debris, particularly debris that is composed of lost or abandoned fishing gear, is recognized as a serious threat to marine life, vessels, and coral reefs. The goal of the GhostNet project is the detection of derelict nets at sea through the use of weather and ocean models, drifting buoys and satellite imagery to locate convergent areas where nets are likely to collect, followed by airborne surveys with trained observers and remote sensing instruments to spot individual derelict nets. These components of GhostNet were first tested together in the field during a 14-day marine debris survey of the Gulf of Alaska in July and August 2003. Model, buoy, and satellite data were used in flight planning. A manned aircraft survey with visible and IR cameras and a LIDAR instrument located debris in the targeted locations, including 102 individual pieces of debris of anthropogenic or terrestrial origin. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Pichel, William G.; Arabini, Elena; Friedman, Karen S.; Clemente-Colon, Pablo] Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res STAR, NOAA, NESDIS, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[Veenstra, Timothy S.] Airborne Technologies Inc, Wasilla, AK 99654 USA.
[Churnside, James H.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Foley, David G.] Univ Hawaii, Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Honolulu, HI USA.
[Foley, David G.] NOAA, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Div Environm Res, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
[Brainard, Russell E.] NOAA, Pacif Islands Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Kiefer, Dale; Ogle, Simeon] Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
[Li, Xiaofeng] NOAA, IMSG, NESDIS, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
RP Pichel, WG (reprint author), Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res STAR, NOAA, NESDIS, Room 102 WWB,5200 Auth Rd, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
EM William.G.Pichel@noaa.gov; tveenstra@atiak.com;
James.H.Churnside@noaa.gov; Elena.arabini@unimore.it;
kdubey@seaspace.com; Dave.Foley@noaa.gov; Rusty.Brainard@noaa.gov;
Keifer@physics.usc.edu; simogle@gmail.com;
Pablo.Clemente-Colon@noaa.gov; Xiaofeng.Li@noaa.gov
RI Clemente-Colon, Pablo/F-5581-2010; Pichel, William/F-5619-2010;
Churnside, James/H-4873-2013; Li, Xiaofeng/B-6524-2008; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Pichel, William/0000-0001-6332-0149; Li, Xiaofeng/0000-0001-7038-5119;
FU NASA; NOAA/NESDIS
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the valuable comments and
suggestions obtained from the reviewers. Our thanks go to Christopher
Jackson of Global Ocean Associates for developing Figs. 1, 5 and 6. A
grant supporting this project was provided by NASA and administered
through the State of Alaska. Additional funding for the satellite
component of this project came from the Ocean Remote Sensing Program of
NOAA/NESDIS. Synthetic aperture radar from the Canadian Space Agency
(CSA) RADARSAT-1 satellite were obtained from the Alaska Satellite
Facility of the University of Alaska, Fairbanks. Sea surface height
anomaly data was obtained from the University of Colorado - Colorado
Center for Astrodynamics Research. Mention of a commercial product does
not constitute an endorsement by the US Government. The views, opinions,
and findings contained in this report are those of the authors and
should not be construed as an official National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration or US Government position, policy, or decision.
NR 45
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 3
U2 21
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PY 2012
VL 65
IS 1-3
BP 28
EP 41
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.10.009
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 913SE
UT WOS:000301896900005
PM 22088492
ER
PT J
AU Veenstra, TS
Churnside, JH
AF Veenstra, Timothy S.
Churnside, James H.
TI Airborne sensors for detecting large marine debris at sea
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Marine debris; Derelict fishing gear; North pacific subtropical
convergence; Ghost nets; Remote sensing
ID NORTHWESTERN HAWAIIAN-ISLANDS; SUBTROPICAL CONVERGENCE ZONE; PI-SAR
DATA; IMAGING SPECTROMETER; PLASTIC DEBRIS; DUAL-FREQUENCY;
SOUTHERN-OCEAN; ICE THICKNESS; LIDAR; SEAWIFS
AB The human eye is an excellent, general-purpose airborne sensor for detecting marine debris larger than 10 cm on or near the surface of the water. Coupled with the human brain, it can adjust for light conditions and sea-surface roughness, track persistence, differentiate color and texture, detect change in movement, and combine all of the available information to detect and identify marine debris. Matching this performance with computers and sensors is difficult at best. However, there are distinct advantages over the human eye and brain that sensors and computers can offer such as the ability to use finer spectral resolution, to work outside the spectral range of human vision, to control the illumination, to process the information in ways unavailable to the human vision system, to provide a more objective and reproducible result, to operate from unmanned aircraft, and to provide a permanent record that can be used for later analysis. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Veenstra, Timothy S.] Airborne Technol Inc, Wasilla, AK 99654 USA.
[Churnside, James H.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Veenstra, TS (reprint author), Airborne Technol Inc, 4338 N Gunflint Trail, Wasilla, AK 99654 USA.
EM tveenstra@atiak.com
RI Churnside, James/H-4873-2013; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015
NR 58
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U1 6
U2 41
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PY 2012
VL 65
IS 1-3
BP 63
EP 68
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.11.018
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 913SE
UT WOS:000301896900008
PM 21300380
ER
PT J
AU Ebbesmeyer, CC
Ingraham, WJ
Jones, JA
Donohue, MJ
AF Ebbesmeyer, Curtis C.
Ingraham, W. J.
Jones, Jason A.
Donohue, Mary J.
TI Marine debris from the Oregon Dungeness crab fishery recovered in the
Northwestern Hawaiian Islands: Identification and oceanic drift paths
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Northwestern Hawaiian Islands; Oregon; Marine debris; Derelict fishing
gear; Crab trap; Ocean currents
ID PLASTIC DEBRIS; MONK SEAL; ACCUMULATION; NORTH
AB Two Dungeness crab trap tags and floats lost off the State of Oregon, USA during the 2006-2007 fishing season were recovered 4 years later in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (NWHI): on Lisianski Island on July 15, 2010; and on Kure Atoll on December 10, 2010. This is the first documented recovery of marine debris from Oregon fisheries in the NWHI. We simulate the oceanic drift tracks of the derelict fishing gear with the Ocean Surface Current Simulator (OSCURS) model using estimated loss dates in Oregon based on interviews with the crab trap owners and known recovery sites and dates in the NWHI. These data confirm the US Pacific Northwest as a source of marine debris deposited in the NWHI and provide enhanced understanding of the oceanic drift pathways of marine debris in the North Pacific Ocean. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Donohue, Mary J.] Univ Hawaii, Sea Grant Coll Program, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Jones, Jason A.] Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Research, Nat Marine Fisheries Serv, Honolulu, HI USA.
[Ingraham, W. J.] Drift Busters Inc, Camano Isl, WA USA.
[Ebbesmeyer, Curtis C.] Beachcombers & Oceanographers Int Assoc, Seattle, WA USA.
RP Donohue, MJ (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Sea Grant Coll Program, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
EM curtisebbesmeyer@comcast.net; jim.ingraham@wavecable.com;
donohuem@hawaii.edu
NR 21
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Z9 14
U1 4
U2 32
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PY 2012
VL 65
IS 1-3
BP 69
EP 75
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.09.037
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 913SE
UT WOS:000301896900009
PM 22014917
ER
PT J
AU Huang, L
Nichols, LAB
Craig, JK
Smith, MD
AF Huang, Ling
Nichols, Lauren A. B.
Craig, J. Kevin
Smith, Martin D.
TI Measuring Welfare Losses from Hypoxia: The Case of North Carolina Brown
Shrimp
SO MARINE RESOURCE ECONOMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Hypoxia; dead zones; nutrient pollution; welfare analysis; bioeconomics;
ecosystem-based management
ID NEUSE RIVER ESTUARY; GULF-OF-MEXICO; HABITAT DEGRADATION;
DISSOLVED-OXYGEN; WATER-QUALITY; ECOSYSTEM RESPONSES; FISHERY
MANAGEMENT; PENAEUS-AZTECUS; DEMERSAL FISHES; CHESAPEAKE BAY
AB While environmental stressors such as hypoxia (low dissolved oxygen) are perceived as a threat to the productivity of coastal ecosystems, policy makers have little information about the economic consequences for fisheries. Recent work on hypoxia develops a bioeconomic model to harness microdata and quantify the effects of hypoxia on North Carolina's brown shrimp fishery. This work finds that hypoxia is responsible for a 12.9% decrease in NC brown shrimp catches from 1999-2005 in the Neuse River Estuary and Pamlico Sound, assuming that vessels do not react to changes in abundance. The current article extends this work to explore the full economic consequences of hypoxia on the supply and demand for brown shrimp. Demand analysis reveals that the NC shrimp industry is too small to influence prices, which are driven entirely by imports and other domestic U.S. harvest. Thus, demand is flat and there are no measurable benefits to shrimp consumers from reduced hypoxia. On the supply side, we find that the shrimp fleet responds to variation in price, abundance, and weather Hence, the supply curve has some elasticity. Producer benefits of reduced hypoxia are less than a quarter of the computed gains from assuming no behavioral adjustment.
C1 [Huang, Ling] Univ Connecticut, Dept Econ, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
[Nichols, Lauren A. B.; Smith, Martin D.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27709 USA.
[Craig, J. Kevin] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Beaufort Lab, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
[Smith, Martin D.] Duke Univ, Dept Econ, Durham, NC 27709 USA.
RP Huang, L (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Econ, 341 Mansfield Rd,Unit 1063, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
EM ling.huang@uconn.edu; labnichols@gmail.com; kevin.craig@noaa.gov;
marsmith@duke.edu
RI Smith, Martin/D-9168-2016
OI Smith, Martin/0000-0002-4714-463X
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric administration (NOAA) Center for
Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research [NA05NOS4781197]
FX Financial support for this project was provided by the National Oceanic
and Atmospheric administration (NOAA) Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean
Research under award #NA05NOS4781197 to J. Kevin Craig, Larry B.
Crowder, and Martin D. Smith (Duke University). This is CHRRP
publication number 164. The views expressed herein are those of the
authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of NOAA or any of its
sub-agencies.
NR 53
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PU MRE FOUNDATION, INC
PI KINGSTON
PA PO BOX 1828, KINGSTON, RI 02881 USA
SN 0738-1360
J9 MAR RESOUR ECON
JI Mar. Resour. Econ.
PY 2012
VL 27
IS 1
BP 3
EP 23
PG 21
WC Economics; Environmental Studies; Fisheries
SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Fisheries
GA 913TT
UT WOS:000301901000002
ER
PT B
AU Speicher, M
Harris, J
AF Speicher, M.
Harris, J.
BE Mazzolani, F
Herrera, R
TI Seismic assessment of a new steel moment frame designed per ASCE 7 with
ASCE 41
SO STESSA 2012: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 7TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON
BEHAVIOUR OF STEEL STRUCTURES IN SEISMIC AREAS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 7th International Conference on Behaviour of Steel Structures in Seismic
Areas (STESSA)
CY JAN 09-11, 2012
CL Santiago, CHILE
SP Univ Chile, Dept Civil Engn, GERDAU AZA, ILAFA, ECCS CECM EKS, Chilean Assoc Seismol & Earthquake Engn (ACHISINA)
AB Performance-based seismic design of existing buildings has been implemented in the US for seismic retrofits during the past decade (e. g. ASCE 41). Engineers are now starting to rely more heavily on the existing building procedures in ASCE 41 for the design of new buildings in order to justify satisfactory seismic performance. Though the International Existing Building Code contains a matrix that correlates ASCE 41 Performance Objectives with ASCE 7 Risk Categories, this matrix has not been comprehensively validated nor have the seismic performance expectations for new buildings been quantitatively assessed so to standardize acceptable performance. A research initiative is currently in progress to formally validate the link between seismic assessment per ASCE 41-06 and seismic design per ASCE 7-10. This paper reports the preliminary results of one aspect of this study, the assessment of an eight-story steel moment frame. Results indicate that, on average, the frame satisfies the structural performance criteria. Results also highlight that a few design and assessment provisions require further research in order to improve performance metrics.
C1 [Speicher, M.; Harris, J.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Speicher, M (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-0-415-62105-2
PY 2012
BP 867
EP 873
PG 7
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering
GA BYU49
UT WOS:000300400100122
ER
PT J
AU Owen, M
Mulholland, G
Guthrie, W
AF Owen, Miles
Mulholland, George
Guthrie, Will
TI Condensation Particle Counter Proportionality Calibration from 1
Particle.cm(-3) to 10(4) Particles.cm(-3)
SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID NIST
AB This article presents a process to calibrate a condensation particle counter (CPC) over the concentration range from 1 particle.cm(-3) to 10(4) particles.cm(-3) with traceability to SI units as realized by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). The process combines two independent steps: a proportionality assessment over the range of the CPC using a consistent diluter and an absolute calibration of the CPC with an aerosol electrometer (AE) at high concentrations. The proportionality assessment, which is the focus of the article, is analogous to the attenuation method for testing the proportionality of high-power laser detectors. This procedure tests the proportionality of one CPC by itself and does not require the use of a calibrated reference CPC. The primary calibration of the CPC with the AE at high concentrations allows for an absolute calibration with NIST traceability, resulting in a simple one-parameter correction to the measured CPC data. The proportionality test enables uncertainties to be assigned to the CPC over an extended range of concentration beyond the lower detection limit of the AE, thereby establishing measurement traceability for low concentrations. The relative expanded uncertainty of the CPC with a coverage factor of k = 2 is 2.8% over the range of about 1 particle.cm(-3) to 10(4) particles.cm(-3).
C1 [Owen, Miles] USA, Primary Stand Lab, US Army TMDE Act, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA.
[Mulholland, George] Univ Maryland, Dept Mech Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Guthrie, Will] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Owen, M (reprint author), USA, Primary Stand Lab, US Army TMDE Act, Bldg 5435 Fowler Rd, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA.
EM miles.owen@us.army.mil
FU US Air Force Primary Standards Laboratory in Heath, Ohio
FX The authors would like to thank the US Air Force Primary Standards
Laboratory in Heath, Ohio, for sponsoring this project.
NR 10
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U1 0
U2 3
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0278-6826
J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH
JI Aerosol Sci. Technol.
PY 2012
VL 46
IS 4
BP 444
EP 450
DI 10.1080/02786826.2011.637998
PG 7
WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences;
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 912CG
UT WOS:000301771600008
ER
PT J
AU Rim, D
Green, M
Wallace, L
Persily, A
Choi, JI
AF Rim, Donghyun
Green, Michal
Wallace, Lance
Persily, Andrew
Choi, Jung-Il
TI Evolution of Ultrafine Particle Size Distributions Following Indoor
Episodic Releases: Relative Importance of Coagulation, Deposition and
Ventilation
SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID AEROSOL-PARTICLES; SOURCE STRENGTHS; SMOOTH SURFACES; TEST CHAMBER;
EMISSION; RATES; DYNAMICS; COOKING; FINE; GAS
AB Indoor ultrafine particles (UFP,<100 nm) undergo aerosol processes such as coagulation and deposition, which alter UFP size distribution and accordingly the level of exposure to UFP of different sizes. This study investigates the decay of indoor UFP originated from five different sources: a gas stove and an electric stove, a candle, a hair dryer, and power tools in a residential test building. An indoor aerosol model was developed to investigate differential effects of coagulation, deposition, and ventilation. The coagulation model includes Brownian, van der Waals, and viscosity forces, and also fractal geometry for particles of >24 nm. The model was parameterized using different values of the Hamaker constant for predicting the coagulation rate. Deposition was determined for two different conditions: central fan on versus central fan off. For the case of a central fan running, deposition rates were measured by using a nonlinear solution to the mass balance equation for the whole building. For the central fan off case, an empirical model was used to estimate deposition rates. Ventilation was measured continuously using an automated tracer gas injection and sampling system. The study results show that coagulation is a significant aerosol process for UFP dynamics and the primary cause for the shift of particle size distribution following an episodic high-concentration UFP release with no fans operating. However, with the central mechanical fan on, UFP deposition loss is substantial and comparable to the coagulation loss. These results suggest that coagulation should be considered during high concentration periods (>20,000 cm(-3)), while particle deposition should be treated as a major loss mechanism when air recirculates through ductwork or mechanical systems.
C1 [Choi, Jung-Il] Yonsei Univ, Dept Computat Sci & Engn, Seoul 120749, South Korea.
[Rim, Donghyun; Green, Michal; Wallace, Lance; Persily, Andrew] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Choi, JI (reprint author), Yonsei Univ, Dept Computat Sci & Engn, 50 Yonsei Ro, Seoul 120749, South Korea.
EM jic@yonsei.ac.kr
RI Choi, Jung-il/H-1013-2011; Wallace, Lance/K-7264-2013;
OI Wallace, Lance/0000-0002-6635-2303
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) through a US
Intergovernmental Personal Act; Basic Science Research program
[2011-0014558]; World Class University (WCU) through the National
Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) [R31-10049]; Ministry of Education,
Science and Technology
FX Donghyun Rim's participation in this project was funded by the National
Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) through a US
Intergovernmental Personal Act with the University of Texas at Austin.
Michal Green participated in this study as a foreign guest researcher at
the NIST while on sabbatical from the Israel Atomic Energy Commission;
she contributed by collecting ultrafine particle data from consumer
product tests. Jung-II Choi is supported by Basic Science Research
program (2011-0014558) and World Class University (WCU) program
(R31-10049) through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)
funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology. However,
the manuscript does not necessarily reflect the views of these agencies
and no official endorsement should be inferred.
NR 36
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PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0278-6826
J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH
JI Aerosol Sci. Technol.
PY 2012
VL 46
IS 5
BP 494
EP 503
DI 10.1080/02786826.2011.639317
PG 10
WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences;
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 912CQ
UT WOS:000301772600003
ER
PT J
AU Lack, DA
Richardson, MS
Law, D
Langridge, JM
Cappa, CD
McLaughlin, RJ
Murphy, DM
AF Lack, Daniel A.
Richardson, Mathews S.
Law, Daniel
Langridge, Justin M.
Cappa, Christopher D.
McLaughlin, Richard J.
Murphy, Daniel M.
TI Aircraft Instrument for Comprehensive Characterization of Aerosol
Optical Properties, Part 2: Black and Brown Carbon Absorption and
Absorption Enhancement Measured with Photo Acoustic Spectroscopy
SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID MEASURING LIGHT-ABSORPTION; PHOTOACOUSTIC SPECTROMETER; ATMOSPHERIC
AEROSOLS; ORGANIC AEROSOL; CROSS-SECTION; CALIBRATION; PARTICLES;
COEFFICIENT; DEPENDENCE; PSAP
AB This paper describes the design and performance of a photo-acoustic aerosol absorption spectrometer (PAS) built for operation on a research aircraft platform. The PAS instrument is capable of measuring dry absorption at 659 nm, 532 nm, and 404 nm, and absorption enhancement due to coatings at 532 nm and 404 nm. The measurement accuracy for all channels is < = 10% and inflight 1 Hz sensitivities lie within the range of 0.5-1.5 Mm(-1). PAS measurements of calibrated absorbing aerosol samples are shown to be consistent with measurements made by a previous generation single channel photo-acoustic instrument. Aircraft data collected during a recent field campaign in California are used to demonstrate the capabilities of the PAS. In combination with an aircraft cavity ring down aerosol extinction spectrometer described in a companion paper, the new PAS instrument provides a sensitive airborne in-situ characterization of aerosol optics.
C1 [Lack, Daniel A.; Richardson, Mathews S.; Law, Daniel; Langridge, Justin M.; McLaughlin, Richard J.; Murphy, Daniel M.] NOAA Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO 80304 USA.
[Lack, Daniel A.; Richardson, Mathews S.; Langridge, Justin M.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Cappa, Christopher D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Lack, DA (reprint author), NOAA Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80304 USA.
EM daniel.lack@noaa.gov
RI Lack, Daniel/I-9053-2012; Murphy, Daniel/J-4357-2012; Richardson,
Mathews/H-4882-2013; McLaughlin, Richard/I-4386-2013; Law,
Daniel/I-4843-2013; Richardson, Matt/B-4271-2015; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Murphy, Daniel/0000-0002-8091-7235; Richardson,
Matt/0000-0001-6841-9770;
FU NOAA
FX This research was funded by NOAAs Climate Program. The authors thank the
NOAA Air Operations Center and crews of the WP-3D aircraft for the
aircraft frequency measurements and operation during the CalNex
campaign.
NR 49
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U1 11
U2 71
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0278-6826
J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH
JI Aerosol Sci. Technol.
PY 2012
VL 46
IS 5
BP 555
EP 568
DI 10.1080/02786826.2011.645955
PG 14
WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences;
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 912CQ
UT WOS:000301772600009
ER
PT J
AU Yu, F
Luo, G
Turco, RP
Ogren, JA
Yantosca, RM
AF Yu, F.
Luo, G.
Turco, R. P.
Ogren, J. A.
Yantosca, R. M.
TI Decreasing particle number concentrations in a warming atmosphere and
implications
SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID CLOUD CONDENSATION NUCLEI; ORGANIC AEROSOL FORMATION; ASSIMILATED
METEOROLOGY; OCEANIC PHYTOPLANKTON; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; MODEL
DESCRIPTION; BOUNDARY-LAYER; NUCLEATION; EMISSIONS; SENSITIVITY
AB New particle formation contributes significantly to the number concentration of condensation nuclei (CN) as well as cloud CN (CCN), a key factor determining aerosol indirect radiative forcing of the climate system. Using a physics-based nucleation mechanism that is consistent with a range of field observations of aerosol formation, it is shown that projected increases in global temperatures could significantly inhibit new particle, and CCN, formation rates worldwide. An analysis of CN concentrations observed at four NOAA ESRL/GMD baseline stations since the 1970s and two other sites since 1990s reveals long-term decreasing trends that are consistent in sign with, but are larger in magnitude than, the predicted temperature effects. The possible reasons for larger observed long-term CN reductions at remote sites are discussed. The combined effects of rising temperatures on aerosol nucleation rates and other chemical and microphysical processes may imply substantial decreases in future tropospheric particle abundances associated with global warming, delineating a potentially significant feedback mechanism that increases Earth's climate sensitivity to greenhouse gas emissions. Further research is needed to quantify the magnitude of such a feedback process.
C1 [Yu, F.; Luo, G.] SUNY Albany, Atmospher Sci Res Ctr, Albany, NY 12222 USA.
[Turco, R. P.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[Ogren, J. A.] NOAA, GMD, ESRL, Boulder, CO USA.
[Yantosca, R. M.] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
RP Yu, F (reprint author), SUNY Albany, Atmospher Sci Res Ctr, Albany, NY 12222 USA.
EM fangqun.yu@asrc.albany.edu
RI Yantosca, Robert/F-7920-2014; Yu, Fangqun/F-3708-2011; Ogren,
John/M-8255-2015
OI Yantosca, Robert/0000-0003-3781-1870; Yu, Fangqun/0000-0003-0874-4883;
Ogren, John/0000-0002-7895-9583
FU NSF [AGS-0942106]; NASA [NNX11AQ72G]; US Department of Energy; NCAR
CCSM3 team
FX This study is supported by NSF under grant AGS-0942106 and NASA under
grant NNX11AQ72G. We thank the following sources of information and data
used in this work: the Observatory Staff and Aerosol Group of
NOAA/ESRL's GMD for making CN measurements available; Rolf Weller of the
Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research for the Neumayer
CN data; Anne Jefferson (NOAA/ESRL/GMD and U. Colo/CIRES) for the CCN
data observed through the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM)
Program sponsored by the US Department of Energy; the NCAR CCSM3 team
for projected temperature increases; and Hatakka Juha of the Finnish
Meteorological Institute and the CREATE Aerosol Database for particle
size distributions at Pallas used in the Supplement. The GEOS-Chem model
is managed by the Atmospheric Chemistry Modeling Group at Harvard
University with support from NASA's Atmospheric Chemistry Modeling and
Analysis Program.
NR 49
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U2 17
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1680-7316
EI 1680-7324
J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS
JI Atmos. Chem. Phys.
PY 2012
VL 12
IS 5
BP 2399
EP 2408
DI 10.5194/acp-12-2399-2012
PG 10
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 909FH
UT WOS:000301547500009
ER
PT J
AU McLandress, C
Perlwitz, J
Shepherd, TG
AF McLandress, C.
Perlwitz, J.
Shepherd, T. G.
TI Comment on 'Tropospheric temperature response to stratospheric ozone
recovery in the 21st century' by Hu et al. (2011)
SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID MIDDLE ATMOSPHERE; TRENDS
AB In a recent paper Hu et al. (2011) suggest that the recovery of stratospheric ozone during the first half of this century will significantly enhance free tropospheric and surface warming caused by the anthropogenic increase of greenhouse gases, with the effects being most pronounced in Northern Hemisphere middle and high latitudes. These surprising results are based on a multi-model analysis of CMIP3 model simulations with and without prescribed stratospheric ozone recovery. Hu et al. suggest that in order to properly quantify the tropospheric and surface temperature response to stratospheric ozone recovery, it is necessary to run coupled atmosphere-ocean climate models with stratospheric ozone chemistry. The results of such an experiment are presented here, using a state-of-the-art chemistry-climate model coupled to a three-dimensional ocean model. In contrast to Hu et al., we find a much smaller Northern Hemisphere tropospheric temperature response to ozone recovery, which is of opposite sign. We suggest that their result is an artifact of the incomplete removal of the large effect of greenhouse gas warming between the two different sets of models.
C1 [McLandress, C.; Shepherd, T. G.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON, Canada.
[Perlwitz, J.] Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP McLandress, C (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON, Canada.
EM charles@atmosp.physics.utoronto.ca
RI Perlwitz, Judith/B-7201-2008
OI Perlwitz, Judith/0000-0003-4061-2442
NR 23
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U2 9
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1680-7316
EI 1680-7324
J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS
JI Atmos. Chem. Phys.
PY 2012
VL 12
IS 5
BP 2533
EP 2540
DI 10.5194/acp-12-2533-2012
PG 8
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 909FH
UT WOS:000301547500018
ER
PT J
AU Gourdji, SM
Mueller, KL
Yadav, V
Huntzinger, DN
Andrews, AE
Trudeau, M
Petron, G
Nehrkorn, T
Eluszkiewicz, J
Henderson, J
Wen, D
Lin, J
Fischer, M
Sweeney, C
Michalak, AM
AF Gourdji, S. M.
Mueller, K. L.
Yadav, V.
Huntzinger, D. N.
Andrews, A. E.
Trudeau, M.
Petron, G.
Nehrkorn, T.
Eluszkiewicz, J.
Henderson, J.
Wen, D.
Lin, J.
Fischer, M.
Sweeney, C.
Michalak, A. M.
TI North American CO2 exchange: inter-comparison of modeled estimates with
results from a fine-scale atmospheric inversion
SO BIOGEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTIFY REGIONAL FLUXES; CARBON-DIOXIDE EXCHANGE; TRANSPORT MODELS;
GEOSTATISTICAL APPROACH; WEATHER RESEARCH; STILT MODEL; CLOUD MODEL;
PART 1; EMISSIONS; REANALYSIS
AB Atmospheric inversion models have the potential to quantify CO2 fluxes at regional, sub-continental scales by taking advantage of near-surface CO2 mixing ratio observations collected in areas with high flux variability. This study presents results from a series of regional geostatistical inverse models (GIM) over North America for 2004, and uses them as the basis for an inter-comparison to other inversion studies and estimates from biospheric models collected through the North American Carbon Program Regional and Continental Interim Synthesis. Because the GIM approach does not require explicit prior flux estimates and resolves fluxes at fine spatiotemporal scales (i.e. 1 degrees x 1 degrees, 3-hourly in this study), it avoids temporal and spatial aggregation errors and allows for the recovery of realistic spatial patterns from the atmospheric data relative to previous inversion studies. Results from a GIM inversion using only available atmospheric observations and a fine-scale fossil fuel inventory were used to confirm the quality of the inventory and inversion setup. An inversion additionally including auxiliary variables from the North American Regional Reanalysis found inferred relationships with flux consistent with physiological understanding of the biospheric carbon cycle. Comparison of GIM results with bottom-up biospheric models showed stronger agreement during the growing relative to the dormant season, in part because most of the biospheric models do not fully represent agricultural land-management practices and the fate of both residual biomass and harvested products. Comparison to earlier inversion studies pointed to aggregation errors as a likely source of bias in previous subcontinental scale flux estimates, particularly for inversions that adjust fluxes at the coarsest scales and use atmospheric observations averaged over long periods. Finally, whereas the continental CO2 boundary conditions used in the GIM inversions have a minor impact on spatial patterns, they have a substantial impact on the continental carbon budget, with a difference of 0.8 PgC yr(-1) in the total continental flux resulting from the use of two plausible sets of boundary CO2 mixing ratios. Overall, this inter-comparison study helps to assess the state of the science in estimating regional-scale CO2 fluxes, while pointing towards the path forward for improvements in future top-down and bottom-up modeling efforts.
C1 [Gourdji, S. M.; Mueller, K. L.; Yadav, V.; Huntzinger, D. N.; Michalak, A. M.] Univ Michigan, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[Andrews, A. E.; Trudeau, M.; Petron, G.; Sweeney, C.] NOAA, Global Monitoring Div, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Nehrkorn, T.; Eluszkiewicz, J.; Henderson, J.] Atmospher & Environm Res Inc, Lexington, MA 02421 USA.
[Wen, D.; Lin, J.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
[Fischer, M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Gourdji, SM (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Environm Earth Syst Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM sgourdji@stanford.edu
RI Andrews, Arlyn/K-3427-2012; Yadav, Vineet/A-1313-2014
FU NASA ROSES [NNX06AE84G]; NASA; Office of Biological and Environmental
Research of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National
Science Foundation [ATM-0836153]
FX This work was supported by NASA ROSES Grant # NNX06AE84G, "Constraining
North American Fluxes of Carbon Dioxide and Inferring Their
Spatiotemporal Covariances through Assimilation of Remote Sensing and
Atmospheric Data in a Geostatistical Framework", and a NASA Earth System
Science Fellowship (awarded to S. Gourdji).; Collection and processing
of CO2 data from the ARM tower was supported by the Office of
Biological and Environmental Research of the US Department of Energy
under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 as part of the Atmospheric Radiation
Measurement Program. Other data providers (not listed as co-authors)
include Doug Worthy of Environment Canada for the Canadian continuous
measurement sites and Bill Munger from Harvard University for the
Harvard Forest CO2 data.; The WRF-STILT development at AER
has been funded by the National Science Foundation Atmospheric Chemistry
Program (grant # ATM-0836153). We thank Steve Wofsy and Christoph Gerbig
for their continuing contributions to the STILT model development. The
WRF and STILT runs described in this paper have been made possible by
access to NASA's high-end computing resources, and we thank the
personnel at the NASA Ames supercomputing facility for technical
assistance.
NR 105
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U1 4
U2 45
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1726-4170
J9 BIOGEOSCIENCES
JI Biogeosciences
PY 2012
VL 9
IS 1
BP 457
EP 475
DI 10.5194/bg-9-457-2012
PG 19
WC Ecology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA 891PL
UT WOS:000300229000031
ER
PT J
AU Samhouri, JF
Levin, PS
AF Samhouri, Jameal F.
Levin, Phillip S.
TI Linking land- and sea-based activities to risk in coastal ecosystems
SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Marine ecosystem-based management; (EBM); Integrated ecosystem
assessment; Ecosystem indicator; Risk assessment; Coastal conservation;
Land-sea connections
ID FISHERIES MANAGEMENT; MARINE ECOSYSTEMS; CONSERVATION; VULNERABILITY;
SUSTAINABILITY; INDICATORS; CHALLENGES; VALUATION; IMPACTS; OCEAN
AB The emerging science and policy arena of marine ecosystem-based management is beset with the challenging question of how to assess the urgency of problems influencing different ecosystem components. In this paper, we introduce a synthetic and efficient framework to identify land- or sea-based activities that pose the greatest risk to valued members of marine ecosystems, including mammals, fishes, and invertebrates. Ecosystem-based risk is scored along two axes of information: the exposure of a population to an activity, and the sensitivity of the population to that activity, given a particular level of exposure. Risk is illustrated in a variety of ways, including two-dimensional contour plots and maps showing regional variation in risk. We apply this risk assessment framework to regional populations of indicator species in Puget Sound, WA, USA. This case study provides insight into how risk varies for particular activity-species combinations, and, because it is applied to indicator species, it also provides an estimate of how different activities influence risk to overall ecosystem structure and function. More generally, the risk assessment approach highlights the linkages between land-based activities and risk to marine species and can be used to evaluate the potential impacts of a diversity of human activities on coastal oceans. The framework is scalable, transparent, and repeatable and can be used now to facilitate the implementation of ecosystem-based management, including integrated ecosystem assessments and coastal and marine spatial planning. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Samhouri, Jameal F.; Levin, Phillip S.] NOAA, Conservat Biol Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Samhouri, JF (reprint author), NOAA, Conservat Biol Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM jameal.samhouri@noaa.gov
FU NSF CAMEO [1041454]
FX We gratefully acknowledge crucial information and context provided by
Jason Cope regarding the thinking behind the PSA conducted for US
fisheries by Patrick et al. (2010). We are especially thankful to K.
Arkema, J. Bernhardt, and J. Azose for participating in thoughtful
discussions about risk assessment during the development of this work.
Mark Plummer supplied PacFIN data, G. Williams identified many
historical data sources, and A. Beaudreau provided guidance regarding
fishing regulations in Puget Sound. C. Harvey and I. Kaplan gave their
wisdom. K. Bartz, J. Davies, and T. Good kindled some of the ideas
included here about stressors and spatial data. N. Hamel and S. Pearson
gave their time for important conversations about threats and risk in
Puget Sound, and M. Ruckelshaus directed us to much of the relevant
literature for the Puget Sound case study. We thank B. Feist for
creating the regional risk maps and D.P.S. for inspiration. JS was
supported by an NSF CAMEO Grant # 1041454.
NR 65
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U1 5
U2 45
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0006-3207
J9 BIOL CONSERV
JI Biol. Conserv.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 145
IS 1
BP 118
EP 129
DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2011.10.021
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 903CB
UT WOS:000301092400018
ER
PT J
AU Chadsey, M
Trainer, VL
Leschine, TM
AF Chadsey, Meg
Trainer, Vera L.
Leschine, Thomas M.
TI Cooperation of Science and Management for Harmful Algal Blooms: Domoic
Acid and the Washington Coast Razor Clam Fishery
SO COASTAL MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE domoic acid; harmful algal blooms; Institutional Analysis and
Development; Pseudo-nitzschia; Washington coast razor clam fishery
ID ECOSYSTEM-BASED MANAGEMENT; US WEST-COAST; FRAMEWORK; DIATOMS; WATERS
AB Harmful algal blooms (HABs) may be increasing in frequency and intensity worldwide. Coastal economies suffer significant income losses when fisheries or beaches are closed to protect human health and subsistence fishing communities are at risk. Despite these hardships, managers must often conservatively close harvests across a wide area or for long periods, because they lack scientific information that would allow them to predict HAB events. The outer coast of Washington State has experienced several closures of the razor clam (Siliqua patula) fishery starting in 1991, due to domoic acid (DA) contamination caused by toxic blooms of the diatom Pseudo-nitzschia. Improved science-based management was needed to minimize the impact of DA on this fishery and the coastal communities that relied on it for income, tourism, and subsistence. The Olympic Region Harmful Algal Bloom (ORHAB) Partnership, comprised of state and tribal managers, scientists, and local stakeholders, evolved in response to this need; it has been successful in its mission. Here we examine ORHAB through the lens of the Institutional Analysis and Development framework, in order to identify key factors contributing to its success. The relevance of our findings for other ORHAB-like institutions in the Pacific Northwest and elsewhere is discussed.
C1 [Chadsey, Meg; Leschine, Thomas M.] Univ Washington, Sch Marine & Environm Affairs, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Trainer, Vera L.] NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, W Coast Ctr Oceans & Human Hlth, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Leschine, TM (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Marine & Environm Affairs, Box 355685, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM tml@u.washington.edu
FU Pacific Northwest Center for Human Health and Oceans Studies at the
University of Washington [PNWH20]; NOAA West Coast Center for
Oceans and Human Health (WCCOHH), as part of the NOAA Oceans and Human
Health Initiative; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
(NIEHS), NIH [P50 ES012762]; National Science Foundation [OCE-0910624]
FX Although, due to human subjects guidelines, those whom we interviewed
for this article may not be named, we are deeply grateful for their
cooperation, candid impressions, and not the least, their patience. We
thank Nick Adams for his assistance with Figures 1 and 3, Rita Horner,
Dan Ayres, and Kate Litle for their thoughtful comments, and Rebecca
Jablonski-Diehl for her skillful editing. This work was funded by grants
from the Pacific Northwest Center for Human Health and Oceans Studies at
the University of Washington (PNWH20), and from the NOAA West
Coast Center for Oceans and Human Health (WCCOHH), as part of the NOAA
Oceans and Human Health Initiative. The WCCOHH is part of the National
Marine Fisheries Service's Northwest Fisheries Science Center, Seattle,
WA. The PNWH2O was made possible by grant number P50 ES012762
from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS),
NIH and OCE-0910624 from the National Science Foundation. This is MERHAB
publication number 146, and WCCOHH publication number 40.
NR 43
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U1 1
U2 17
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0892-0753
J9 COAST MANAGE
JI Coast. Manage.
PY 2012
VL 40
IS 1
BP 33
EP 54
DI 10.1080/08920753.2011.639865
PG 22
WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 911LD
UT WOS:000301717400003
ER
PT J
AU Turner-Tomaszewicz, C
Seminoff, JA
AF Turner-Tomaszewicz, Calandra
Seminoff, Jeffrey A.
TI Turning Off the Heat: Impacts of Power Plant Decommissioning on Green
Turtle Research in San Diego Bay
SO COASTAL MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Chelonia mydas; endangered species; once-through cooling; policy; power
plant; thermal effluent
ID WARM-WATER REFUGES; CHELONIA-MYDAS; FLORIDA MANATEES; BAJA-CALIFORNIA;
CARETTA-CARETTA; COASTAL WATERS; SEA-TURTLES; DISCHARGE; PHYTOPLANKTON;
ECOSYSTEMS
AB Green turtles (Chelonia mydas) are among the most high profile species in San Diego Bay, California, and understanding impacts of coastal development and industry is essential to the management and conservation of this local population. Here we describe power plant changing energy production and its impact on turtle habitat use and our ability to research and manage this population. For over 20 years, green sea turtles have been captured, assessed, and tagged near the South Bay Power Plant (SBPP) in the San Diego Bay; from 2002-2011, 104 turtles were captured on 212 occasions. As the 50-year-old SBPP generates less energy, effluent patterns change and water temperatures decrease, presumably to more natural conditions. There has been a concurrent decrease in turtle-capture success, perhaps due to lesser visitation to the effluent site where nets are tended. Seasonal catch-per-unit-effort declined from a high of 4.14 turtles per monitoring day, to a nine-year low of 1.33 during the 2010-2011 season. It is already apparent that management decisions related to energy policy are affecting the habitat and behavior of this stock of endangered turtles. Green turtles are expected to remain in the San Diego Bay after the SBPP becomes inoperative and continuing research will monitor future impacts and distribution shifts resulting from the expected changes in thermal pattern within south San Diego Bay. Research efforts to study this population (i.e., capture methods and locations) will require modification in response to these changes. Lessons learned here are applicable to the immediate coastal development of San Diego, as well as at similar interactions between marine turtles and industrial thermal effluent discharge throughout Southern California, the United States, and beyond.
C1 [Turner-Tomaszewicz, Calandra] Univ Calif San Diego, Div Biol Sci, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Seminoff, Jeffrey A.] NOAA, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA USA.
RP Turner-Tomaszewicz, C (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Div Biol Sci, Scripps Inst Oceanog, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM cali.turner@gmail.com
FU NOAA; Unified Port of San Diego; NMFS [1591]
FX We gratefully acknowledge Peter Dutton, Tomo Eguchi, Amy Frey, Amy Jue,
Erin LaCasella, Garrett Lemons, Robin LeRoux, Dan Prosperi, Sue Roden,
and Manjula Tiwari for comprising our principal turtle capture team. In
addition we thank personnel at South Bay Power Plant for providing
access and logistical assistance, especially Tom Liebst. Funding support
provided by NOAA and the Unified Port of San Diego. All research
activities occurred under NMFS Permit #1591. This research was in
partial fulfillment of a Masters at Scripps Institution of
Oceanography's Center for Marine Biodiversity and Conservation at the
University of California, San Diego.
NR 51
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U1 1
U2 23
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0892-0753
J9 COAST MANAGE
JI Coast. Manage.
PY 2012
VL 40
IS 1
BP 73
EP 87
DI 10.1080/08920753.2012.640267
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 911LD
UT WOS:000301717400005
ER
PT J
AU Queen, WL
Bloch, ED
Brown, CM
Hudson, MR
Mason, JA
Murray, LJ
Ramirez-Cuesta, AJ
Peterson, VK
Long, JR
AF Queen, Wendy L.
Bloch, Eric D.
Brown, Craig M.
Hudson, Matthew R.
Mason, Jarad A.
Murray, Leslie J.
Ramirez-Cuesta, Anibal Javier
Peterson, Vanessa K.
Long, Jeffrey R.
TI Hydrogen adsorption in the metal-organic frameworks Fe-2(dobdc) and
Fe-2(O-2)(dobdc)
SO DALTON TRANSACTIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH H-2 ADSORPTION; HIGH-CAPACITY; COORDINATION POLYMER;
CATALYTIC-PROPERTIES; MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; SITES;
STORAGE; IRON(III); CENTERS
AB The hydrogen storage properties of Fe-2(dobdc) (dobdc(4-) = 2,5-dioxido-1,4-benzenedicarboxylate) and an oxidized analog, Fe-2(O-2)(dobdc), have been examined using several complementary techniques, including low-pressure gas adsorption, neutron powder diffraction, and inelastic neutron scattering. These two metal-organic frameworks, which possess one-dimensional hexagonal channels decorated with unsaturated iron coordination sites, exhibit high initial isosteric heats of adsorption of -9.7(1) and -10.0 (1) kJ mol(-1), respectively. Neutron powder diffraction has allowed the identification of three D-2 binding sites within the two frameworks, with the closest contacts corresponding to Fe-D-2 separations of 2.47(3) and 2.53(5) angstrom, respectively. Inelastic neutron scattering spectra, obtained from p-H-2 (para-H-2) and D-2-pH(2) mixtures adsorbed in Fe-2(dobdc), reveal weak interactions between two neighboring adsorption sites, a finding that is in opposition to a previous report of possible 'pairing' between neighboring H-2 molecules.
C1 [Queen, Wendy L.; Brown, Craig M.; Hudson, Matthew R.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Queen, Wendy L.; Bloch, Eric D.; Mason, Jarad A.; Murray, Leslie J.; Long, Jeffrey R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Queen, Wendy L.; Bloch, Eric D.; Mason, Jarad A.; Murray, Leslie J.; Long, Jeffrey R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Brown, Craig M.; Peterson, Vanessa K.] Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Bragg Inst, Menai, NSW 2234, Australia.
[Hudson, Matthew R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Murray, Leslie J.] Univ Florida, Dept Chem, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Ramirez-Cuesta, Anibal Javier] Rutherford Appleton Lab, ISIS Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England.
RP Brown, CM (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM craig.brown@nist.gov; jrlong@berkeley.edu
RI Brown, Craig/B-5430-2009; Ramirez-Cuesta, Timmy/A-4296-2010;
OI Brown, Craig/0000-0002-9637-9355; Ramirez-Cuesta,
Timmy/0000-0003-1231-0068; Queen, Wendy/0000-0002-8375-2341; Murray,
Leslie/0000-0002-1568-958X
FU Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Office of Energy Efficiency
and Renewable Energy (EERE); NIST/NRC; National Science Foundation
FX This research was funded by was funded by the Department of Energy under
Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. In addition, work at NIST was partially
supported by the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
(EERE). We acknowledge fellowship support for W.L.Q. from the NIST/NRC
Fellowship Program and for J.A.M. from the National Science Foundation.
We thank Prof. C. J. Kepert for the use of an inert atmosphere glovebox,
and M. Kibble and C. Goodway from ISIS for their help in gas loading
experiments performed on TOSCA. We are also grateful to the neutron
scattering facilities, ISIS, ANSTO, and NIST NCNR, for allocating the
beamtime necessary to carry out these experiments.
NR 62
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Z9 43
U1 1
U2 55
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1477-9226
EI 1477-9234
J9 DALTON T
JI Dalton Trans.
PY 2012
VL 41
IS 14
BP 4180
EP 4187
DI 10.1039/c2dt12138g
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
SC Chemistry
GA 908MW
UT WOS:000301495500046
PM 22371265
ER
PT J
AU Beeden, R
Maynard, JA
Marshall, PA
Heron, SF
Willis, BL
AF Beeden, Roger
Maynard, Jeffrey A.
Marshall, Paul A.
Heron, Scott F.
Willis, Bette L.
TI A Framework for Responding to Coral Disease Outbreaks that Facilitates
Adaptive Management
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Climate change; Coral reefs; Coral disease; Management actions;
Outbreaks; Response framework
ID GREAT-BARRIER-REEF; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PHAGE THERAPY; RESILIENCE; COVER;
CONSERVATION; ECOLOGY; DECLINE
AB Predicted increases in coral disease outbreaks associated with climate change have implications for coral reef ecosystems and the people and industries that depend on them. It is critical that coral reef managers understand these implications and have the ability to assess and reduce risk, detect and contain outbreaks, and monitor and minimise impacts. Here, we present a coral disease response framework that has four core components: (1) an early warning system, (2) a tiered impact assessment program, (3) scaled management actions and (4) a communication plan. The early warning system combines predictive tools that monitor the risk of outbreaks of temperature-dependent coral diseases with in situ observations provided by a network of observers who regularly report on coral health and reef state. Verified reports of an increase in disease prevalence trigger a tiered response of more detailed impact assessment, targeted research and/or management actions. The response is scaled to the risk posed by the outbreak, which is a function of the severity and spatial extent of the impacts. We review potential management actions to mitigate coral disease impacts and facilitate recovery, considering emerging strategies unique to coral disease and more established strategies to support reef resilience. We also describe approaches to communicating about coral disease outbreaks that will address common misperceptions and raise awareness of the coral disease threat. By adopting this framework, managers and researchers can establish a community of practice and can develop response plans for the management of coral disease outbreaks based on local needs. The collaborations between managers and researchers we suggest will enable adaptive management of disease impacts following evaluating the cost-effectiveness of emerging response actions and incrementally improving our understanding of outbreak causation.
C1 [Beeden, Roger; Marshall, Paul A.] Great Barrier Reef Marine Pk Author, Climate Change Grp, Townsville, Qld 4810, Australia.
[Beeden, Roger] James Cook Univ N Queensland, Sch Business, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
[Maynard, Jeffrey A.] CRIOBE, USR CNRS EPHE 3278, Moorea 98729, Fr Polynesia.
[Heron, Scott F.] NOAA Coral Reef Watch, Townsville, Qld 4817, Australia.
[Heron, Scott F.] James Cook Univ N Queensland, Sch Engn & Phys Sci, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
[Willis, Bette L.] James Cook Univ N Queensland, ARC Ctr Excellence Coral Reef Studies, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
[Willis, Bette L.] James Cook Univ N Queensland, Sch Marine & Trop Biol, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
RP Beeden, R (reprint author), Great Barrier Reef Marine Pk Author, Climate Change Grp, Townsville, Qld 4810, Australia.
EM roger@gardenofbeeden.com
RI Heron, Scott/E-7928-2011
FU Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority
FX This study was made possible by funding and logistical support provided
by the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority. Some of the content and
presentation format resulted from insightful discussions and/or other
collaborative efforts with L. Raymundo, D. Harvell, G. Aeby, J. Johnson,
M. Turner, D. Abrego, H. Schuttenberg, E. Weil, K. Ritchie, M. Eakin, C.
Spillman and C. Woodley. Figures and tables were developed in
collaboration with D. Tracey. This is a contribution by the ARC Centre
of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies. The manuscript contents are solely
the opinions of the authors and do not constitute a statement of policy,
decision, or position on behalf of NOAA or GBRMPA or the U.S. or
Australian Governments.
NR 63
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Z9 19
U1 0
U2 17
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0364-152X
J9 ENVIRON MANAGE
JI Environ. Manage.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 49
IS 1
BP 1
EP 13
DI 10.1007/s00267-011-9770-9
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 905UD
UT WOS:000301299800001
PM 22042407
ER
PT J
AU Kayal, E
Bentlage, B
Collins, AG
Kayal, M
Pirro, S
Lavrov, DV
AF Kayal, Ehsan
Bentlage, Bastian
Collins, Allen G.
Kayal, Mohsen
Pirro, Stacy
Lavrov, Dennis V.
TI Evolution of Linear Mitochondrial Genomes in Medusozoan Cnidarians
SO GENOME BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE linear mtDNA; medusozoa; cnidaria; ORF314; polB
ID TRANSFER-RNA GENES; ARMADILLIDIUM-VULGARE; PHYLUM CNIDARIA;
DNA-POLYMERASE; RDNA DATA; SEQUENCE; PHYLOGENY; HYDROZOA; HYDRA; PROGRAM
AB In nearly all animals, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) consists of a single circular molecule that encodes several subunits of the protein complexes involved in oxidative phosphorylation as well as part of the machinery for their expression. By contrast, mtDNA in species belonging to Medusozoa (one of the two major lineages in the phylum Cnidaria) comprises one to several linear molecules. Many questions remain on the ubiquity of linear mtDNA in medusozoans and the mechanisms responsible for its evolution, replication, and transcription. To address some of these questions, we determined the sequences of nearly complete linear mtDNA from 24 species representing all four medusozoan classes: Cubozoa, Hydrozoa, Scyphozoa, and Staurozoa. All newly determined medusozoan mitochondrial genomes harbor the 17 genes typical for cnidarians and map as linear molecules with a high degree of gene order conservation relative to the anthozoans. In addition, two open reading frames (ORFs), polB and ORF314, are identified in cubozoan, schyphozoan, staurozoan, and trachyline hydrozoan mtDNA. polB belongs to the B-type DNA polymerase gene family, while the product of ORF314 may act as a terminal protein that binds telomeres. We posit that these two ORFs are remnants of a linear plasmid that invaded the mitochondrial genomes of the last common ancestor of Medusozoa and are responsible for its linearity. Hydroidolinan hydrozoans have lost the two ORFs and instead have duplicated cox1 at each end of their mitochondrial chromosome(s). Fragmentation of mtDNA occurred independently in Cubozoa and Hydridae (Hydrozoa, Hydroidolina). Our broad sampling allows us to reconstruct the evolutionary history of linear mtDNA in medusozoans.
C1 [Kayal, Ehsan; Lavrov, Dennis V.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Bentlage, Bastian] Univ Kansas, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
[Collins, Allen G.] NOAA, Natl Systemat Lab, Fisheries Serv, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC USA.
[Kayal, Mohsen] CRIOBE, Lab Excellence CORAIL, CNRS, EPHE,USR 3278, Moorea, Fr Polynesia.
[Pirro, Stacy] Iridian Genomes Inc, Bethesda, MD USA.
RP Kayal, E (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM ekayal@iastate.edu
RI Collins, Allen/A-7944-2008;
OI Collins, Allen/0000-0002-3664-9691; Lavrov, Dennis/0000-0002-2745-1704
FU USNational Science Foundation [DEB 0910237]; Smithsonian; National
Science Foundation [DEB-0829783]; Iowa State University; [DEB-0531779]
FX We would like to thank Dr Michael Dawson and Dr Alexander Ereskovsky for
their contributions to the sampling effort of Scyphozoa, Dr Janet Voight
for providing us with DNA from the staurozoan L. janetae, and Dr Annette
F. Govindarajan for providing us with the hydrozoxan O. longissima. We
also thank Dr Casey Dunn and the Cnidarian Tree of Life project
(DEB-0531779 to Paulyn Cartwright and A.G.C.) for granting access to EST
data from the scyphozoan C. capillata and H. "sanjuanensis." We are very
grateful to Dr Peter Schuchert for the identification of our hydrozoan
samples. B.B. wishes to acknowledge funding through the USNational
Science Foundation Doctoral Dissertation Grant DEB 0910237. E.K. wishes
to acknowledge the funding through the Smithsonian Pre-doctoral Fellow
grant. This work was supported by a grant from the National Science
Foundation to D.V.L. (DEB-0829783) and by the funding from the Iowa
State University.
NR 61
TC 42
Z9 44
U1 3
U2 48
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1759-6653
J9 GENOME BIOL EVOL
JI Genome Biol. Evol.
PY 2012
VL 4
IS 1
BP 1
EP 12
DI 10.1093/gbe/evr123
PG 12
WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 914VE
UT WOS:000301979900001
PM 22113796
ER
PT J
AU Smith, DR
Kayal, E
Yanagihara, AA
Collins, AG
Pirro, S
Keeling, PJ
AF Smith, David Roy
Kayal, Ehsan
Yanagihara, Angel A.
Collins, Allen G.
Pirro, Stacy
Keeling, Patrick J.
TI First Complete Mitochondrial Genome Sequence from a Box Jellyfish
Reveals a Highly Fragmented Linear Architecture and Insights into
Telomere Evolution
SO GENOME BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Alatina moseri; Cnidaria; Cubozoa; gene conversion; inverted repeat;
nucleotide diversity
ID CHLOROPLAST INVERTED REPEAT; AURELIA-AURITA CNIDARIA; UNICELLULAR
RELATIVES; MOLECULAR EVIDENCE; POPULATION-SIZE; DNA; ANIMALS;
RECOMBINATION; CHROMOSOMES; HYDROZOA
AB Animal mitochondrial DNAs (mtDNAs) are typically single circular chromosomes, with the exception of those from medusozoan cnidarians (jellyfish and hydroids), which are linear and sometimes fragmented. Most medusozoans have linear monomeric or linear bipartite mitochondrial genomes, but preliminary data have suggested that box jellyfish (cubozoans) have mtDNAs that consist of many linear chromosomes. Here, we present the complete mtDNA sequence from the winged box jellyfish Alatina moseri (the first from a cubozoan). This genome contains unprecedented levels of fragmentation: 18 unique genes distributed over eight 2.9- to 4.6-kb linear chromosomes. The telomeres are identical within and between chromosomes, and recombination between subtelomeric sequences has led to many genes initiating or terminating with sequences from other genes (the most extreme case being 150 nt of a ribosomal RNA containing the 5' end of nad2), providing evidence for a gene conversion-based model of telomere evolution. The silent-site nucleotide variation within the A. moseri mtDNA is among the highest observed from a eukaryotic genome and may be associated with elevated rates of recombination.
C1 [Smith, David Roy; Keeling, Patrick J.] Univ British Columbia, Canadian Inst Adv Res, Dept Bot, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
[Kayal, Ehsan] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Yanagihara, Angel A.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Pacific Biosci Res Ctr, Bekesy Lab Neurobiol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Collins, Allen G.] NOAA, Natl Systemat Lab, Fisheries Serv, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC USA.
[Pirro, Stacy] Iridian Genomes Inc, Bethesda, MD USA.
RP Smith, DR (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Canadian Inst Adv Res, Dept Bot, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
EM smithdr@dal.ca
RI Collins, Allen/A-7944-2008; Smith, David/L-7910-2015; Yanagihara,
Angel/O-5664-2016
OI Collins, Allen/0000-0002-3664-9691; Smith, David/0000-0001-9560-5210;
Yanagihara, Angel/0000-0001-6908-8176
FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada;
Izaak Walton Killam Memorial Trusts; NSERC [227301]; Smithsonian
Predoctoral Fellowship program
FX D.R.S. is supported by postdoctoral fellowships from the Natural
Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada and the
Izaak Walton Killam Memorial Trusts. P.J.K. is funded by a grant from
NSERC (227301) and is a Fellow of the Canadian Institute for Advanced
Research. E.K. is funded by the Smithsonian Predoctoral Fellowship
program.
NR 52
TC 26
Z9 29
U1 1
U2 23
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1759-6653
J9 GENOME BIOL EVOL
JI Genome Biol. Evol.
PY 2012
VL 4
IS 1
BP 52
EP 58
DI 10.1093/gbe/evr127
PG 7
WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 914VE
UT WOS:000301979900007
PM 22117085
ER
PT J
AU Kirschner, SB
Smith, NP
Wepasnick, KA
Katz, HE
Kirby, BJ
Borchers, JA
Reich, DH
AF Kirschner, Stuart B.
Smith, Nathaniel P.
Wepasnick, Kevin A.
Katz, Howard E.
Kirby, Brian J.
Borchers, Julie A.
Reich, Daniel H.
TI X-ray and neutron reflectivity and electronic properties of
PCBM-poly(bromo)styrene blends and bilayers with poly(3-hexylthiophene)
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; HETEROJUNCTION SOLAR-CELLS; FULLERENE
DERIVATIVES; PHOTOVOLTAICS; PERFORMANCE
AB We used neutron reflectivity to complement X-ray reflectivity characterization of PCBM-based layers formed on poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT). Single-layer analyses were used to provide reliable scattering length density values for bilayer fitting. Atomic force microscopy analyses showed trends similar to the reflectivity experiments when observing upper surfaces. Styrene polymers added to PCBM in small concentrations (ca. 10%) led to processing advantages while retaining substantial electron mobility, about 0.001 cm(2)/V s. The further introduction of a relatively heavy bromo substituent on the styrene rings greatly increased the film smoothness, as revealed by increases of the oscillation amplitudes in the reflectivity. In addition, the bromine heavy atom increased the X-ray reflectivity scattering length density of the upper layer. Finally, we present data consistent with PCBM becoming partially mixed with the P3HT as the PCBM is spin coated from a solution with poly(bromostyrene) to form an overlying film, consistent with predictions based on published phase diagrams of the P3HT-PCBM system.
C1 [Kirschner, Stuart B.; Smith, Nathaniel P.; Reich, Daniel H.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Wepasnick, Kevin A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Chem, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Katz, Howard E.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Kirby, Brian J.; Borchers, Julie A.] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Reich, DH (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
EM reich@jhu.edu
RI Katz, Howard/A-3352-2010
FU NSF [ECCS-0823947]; JHU MRSEC REU [DMR-0520491]
FX This research was supported in part by NSF grant ECCS-0823947. NPS was
supported by the JHU MRSEC REU program (DMR-0520491). The XPS
measurements were carried out in the surface analysis laboratory at
Johns Hopkins University, and XRR measurements at JHU made use of JHU
MRSEC central facilities. We thank Yaohua Liu and Ming-Ling Yeh for
fruitful discussions.
NR 28
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 16
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0959-9428
J9 J MATER CHEM
JI J. Mater. Chem.
PY 2012
VL 22
IS 10
BP 4364
EP 4370
DI 10.1039/c2jm14967b
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 891XN
UT WOS:000300250200028
ER
PT S
AU Samarov, DV
Clarke, M
Lee, JY
Allen, D
Litorja, M
Hwang, J
AF Samarov, Daniel V.
Clarke, Matthew
Lee, Ji Yoon
Allen, David
Litorja, Maritoni
Hwang, Jeeseong
BE Nordstrom, RJ
Cote, GL
TI Validating the LASSO Algorithm by Unmixing Spectral Signatures in
Multicolor Phantoms
SO OPTICAL DIAGNOSTICS AND SENSING XII: TOWARD POINT-OF-CARE DIAGNOSTICS
AND DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE VALIDATION OF PHANTOMS USED IN CONJUNCTION
WITH OPTICAL MEASUREMENT OF TISSUE IV
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Optical Diagnostics and Sensing XII - Toward Point-of-Care
Diagnostics/4th Meeting of the Design and Performance Validation of
Phantoms Used in Conjunction with Optical Measurement of Tissues
CY JAN 21-26, 2012
CL San Francisco, CA
SP SPIE
DE Sparse regression; LASSO; SPLASSO; hyperspectral image analysis
ID REGRESSION; SELECTION
AB As hyperspectral imaging (HSI) sees increased implementation into the biological and medical fields it becomes increasingly important that the algorithms being used to analyze the corresponding output be validated. While certainly important under any circumstance, as this technology begins to see a transition from benchtop to bedside ensuring that the measurements being given to medical professionals are accurate and reproducible is critical. In order to address these issues work has been done in generating a collection of datasets which could act as a test bed for algorithms validation. Using a microarray spot printer a collection of three food color dyes, acid red 1 (AR), brilliant blue R (BBR) and erioglaucine (EG) are mixed together at different concentrations in varying proportions at different locations on a microarray chip. With the concentration and mixture proportions known at each location, using HSI an algorithm should in principle, based on estimates of abundances, be able to determine the concentrations and proportions of each dye at each location on the chip. These types of data are particularly important in the context of medical measurements as the resulting estimated abundances will be used to make critical decisions which can have a serious impact on an individual's health.
In this paper we present a novel algorithm for processing and analyzing HSI data based on the LASSO algorithm (similar to "basis pursuit"). The LASSO is a statistical method for simultaneously performing model estimation and variable selection. In the context of estimating abundances in an HSI scene these so called "sparse" representations provided by the LASSO are appropriate as not every pixel will be expected to contain every endmember. The algorithm we present takes the general framework of the LASSO algorithm a step further and incorporates the rich spatial information which is available in HSI to further improve the estimates of abundance. We show our algorithm's improvement over the standard LASSO using the dye mixture data as the test bed.
C1 [Samarov, Daniel V.] NIST, Informat Technol Lab, Stat Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Samarov, DV (reprint author), NIST, Informat Technol Lab, Stat Engn Div, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM daniel.samarov@nist.gov
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-872-5
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2012
VL 8229
AR 82290Z
DI 10.1117/12.908133
PG 9
WC Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA BZF73
UT WOS:000301419300025
ER
PT S
AU Doney, SC
Ruckelshaus, M
Duffy, JE
Barry, JP
Chan, F
English, CA
Galindo, HM
Grebmeier, JM
Hollowed, AB
Knowlton, N
Polovina, J
Rabalais, NN
Sydeman, WJ
Talley, LD
AF Doney, Scott C.
Ruckelshaus, Mary
Duffy, J. Emmett
Barry, James P.
Chan, Francis
English, Chad A.
Galindo, Heather M.
Grebmeier, Jacqueline M.
Hollowed, Anne B.
Knowlton, Nancy
Polovina, Jeffrey
Rabalais, Nancy N.
Sydeman, William J.
Talley, Lynne D.
BE Carlson, CA
Giovannoni, SJ
TI Climate Change Impacts on Marine Ecosystems
SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF MARINE SCIENCE, VOL 4
SE Annual Review of Marine Science
LA English
DT Review; Book Chapter
DE trophic structure; hypoxia; diversity; food webs
ID CALIFORNIA CURRENT SYSTEM; OCEAN ACIDIFICATION; NORTHEAST PACIFIC;
BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; SPECIES INTERACTIONS; ANTARCTIC PENINSULA; THERMAL
TOLERANCE; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; CARBON-DIOXIDE; WARMER OCEAN
AB In marine ecosystems, rising atmospheric CO2 and climate change are associated with concurrent shifts in temperature, circulation, stratification, nutrient input, oxygen content, and ocean acidification, with potentially wide-ranging biological effects. Population-level shifts are occurring because of physiological intolerance to new environments, altered dispersal patterns, and changes in species interactions. Together with local climate-driven invasion and extinction, these processes result in altered community structure and diversity, including possible emergence of novel ecosystems. Impacts are particularly striking for the poles and the tropics, because of the sensitivity of polar ecosystems to sea-ice retreat and poleward species migrations as well as the sensitivity of coral-algal symbiosis to minor increases in temperature. Midlatitude upwelling systems, like the California Current, exhibit strong linkages between climate and species distributions, phenology, and demography. Aggregated effects may modify energy and material flows as well as biogeochemical cycles, eventually impacting the overall ecosystem functioning and services upon which people and societies depend.
C1 [Doney, Scott C.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Marine Chem & Geochem Dept, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Ruckelshaus, Mary] Stanford Univ, Nat Capital Project, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Ruckelshaus, Mary] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Duffy, J. Emmett] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
[Barry, James P.] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA.
[Chan, Francis] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[English, Chad A.] Commun Partnership Sci & Sea, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Galindo, Heather M.] Commun Partnership Sci & Sea, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Grebmeier, Jacqueline M.] Univ Maryland, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Ctr Environm Sci, Solomons, MD 20688 USA.
[Hollowed, Anne B.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Knowlton, Nancy] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Polovina, Jeffrey] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Rabalais, Nancy N.] Louisiana Univ Marine Consortium, Chauvin, LA 70344 USA.
[Sydeman, William J.] Farallon Inst, Petaluma, CA 94975 USA.
[Talley, Lynne D.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RP Doney, SC (reprint author), Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Marine Chem & Geochem Dept, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM sdoney@whoi.edu; mary.ruckelshaus@stanford.edu; jeduffy@vims.edu;
barry@mbari.org; chanft@science.oregonstate.edu;
cenglish@compassonline.org; hgalindo@compassonline.org;
jgrebmei@umces.edu; anne.hollowed@noaa.gov; knowlton@si.edu;
jeffrey.polovina@noaa.gov; nrabalais@lumcon.edu; wsydeman@comcast.net;
ltalley@ucsd.edu
RI Doney, Scott/F-9247-2010; Grebmeier, Jacqueline/L-9805-2013
OI Doney, Scott/0000-0002-3683-2437; Grebmeier,
Jacqueline/0000-0001-7624-3568
NR 165
TC 541
Z9 549
U1 138
U2 965
PU ANNUAL REVIEWS
PI PALO ALTO
PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA
SN 1941-1405
BN 978-0-8243-4504-4
J9 ANNU REV MAR SCI
JI Annu. Rev. Mar. Sci.
PY 2012
VL 4
BP 11
EP 37
DI 10.1146/annurev-marine-041911-111611
PG 27
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA BYW27
UT WOS:000300634900003
PM 22457967
ER
PT J
AU Fast, JD
Gustafson, WI
Berg, LK
Shaw, WJ
Pekour, M
Shrivastava, M
Barnard, JC
Ferrare, RA
Hostetler, CA
Hair, JA
Erickson, M
Jobson, BT
Flowers, B
Dubey, MK
Springston, S
Pierce, RB
Dolislager, L
Pederson, J
Zaveri, RA
AF Fast, J. D.
Gustafson, W. I., Jr.
Berg, L. K.
Shaw, W. J.
Pekour, M.
Shrivastava, M.
Barnard, J. C.
Ferrare, R. A.
Hostetler, C. A.
Hair, J. A.
Erickson, M.
Jobson, B. T.
Flowers, B.
Dubey, M. K.
Springston, S.
Pierce, R. B.
Dolislager, L.
Pederson, J.
Zaveri, R. A.
TI Transport and mixing patterns over Central California during the
carbonaceous aerosol and radiative effects study (CARES)
SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SAN-JOAQUIN VALLEY; LOW-LEVEL WINDS; AIR-QUALITY; AIRBORNE LIDAR;
ARCTAS-CARB; OZONE; MODEL; QUANTIFICATION; TROPOSPHERE; CHEMISTRY
AB We describe the synoptic and regional-scale meteorological conditions that affected the transport and mixing of trace gases and aerosols in the vicinity of Sacramento, California during June 2010 when the Carbonaceous Aerosol and Radiative Effects Study (CARES) was conducted. The meteorological measurements collected by various instruments deployed during the campaign and the performance of the chemistry version of the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF-Chem) are both discussed. WRF-Chem was run daily during the campaign to forecast the spatial and temporal variation of carbon monoxide emitted from 20 anthropogenic source regions in California to guide aircraft sampling. The model is shown to reproduce the overall circulations and boundary-layer characteristics in the region, although errors in the upslope wind speed and boundary-layer depth contribute to differences in the observed and simulated carbon monoxide. Thermally-driven upslope flows that transported pollutants from Sacramento over the foothills of the Sierra Nevada occurred every afternoon, except during three periods when the passage of mid-tropospheric troughs disrupted the regional-scale flow patterns. The meteorological conditions after the passage of the third trough were the most favorable for photochemistry and likely formation of secondary organic aerosols. Meteorological measurements and model forecasts indicate that the Sacramento pollutant plume was likely transported over a downwind site that collected trace gas and aerosol measurements during 23 time periods; however, direct transport occurred during only eight of these periods. The model also showed that emissions from the San Francisco Bay area transported by intrusions of marine air contributed a large fraction of the carbon monoxide in the vicinity of Sacramento, suggesting that this source likely affects local chemistry. Contributions from other sources of pollutants, such as those in the Sacramento Valley and San Joaquin Valley, were relatively low. Aerosol layering in the free troposphere was observed during the morning by an airborne Lidar. WRF-Chem forecasts showed that mountain venting processes contributed to aged pollutants aloft in the valley atmosphere that are then entrained into the growing boundary layer the subsequent day.
C1 [Fast, J. D.; Gustafson, W. I., Jr.; Berg, L. K.; Shaw, W. J.; Pekour, M.; Shrivastava, M.; Barnard, J. C.; Zaveri, R. A.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Ferrare, R. A.; Hostetler, C. A.; Hair, J. A.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA.
[Erickson, M.; Jobson, B. T.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Flowers, B.; Dubey, M. K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Springston, S.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Pierce, R. B.] NOAA, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Madison, WI USA.
[Dolislager, L.; Pederson, J.] Calif Air Resources Board, Sacramento, CA USA.
RP Fast, JD (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM jerome.fast@pnl.gov
RI Pierce, Robert Bradley/F-5609-2010; Dubey, Manvendra/E-3949-2010;
Gustafson, William/A-7732-2008; Berg, Larry/A-7468-2016;
OI Pierce, Robert Bradley/0000-0002-2767-1643; Dubey,
Manvendra/0000-0002-3492-790X; Gustafson, William/0000-0001-9927-1393;
Berg, Larry/0000-0002-3362-9492; Zaveri, Rahul/0000-0001-9874-8807;
Jobson, Bertram/0000-0003-1812-9745
FU US DOE at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) [DE-AC06-76RLO
1830]; US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological
and Environmental Research (OBER), Climate and Environmental Sciences
Division
FX We thank the numerous scientists, pilots, and other staff that
contributed to the data collection during CARES. Data were obtained from
the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program sponsored by the US
Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and
Environmental Research (OBER), Climate and Environmental Sciences
Division. We also thank the staff at Northside School in Cool and
American River College, particularly Wendy Westsmith and Laduan Smedley,
for the use of their facilities. Elaine Chapman provided valuable
comments on the content of this paper. This research was supported by
the US DOE's Atmospheric Science Research (ASR) Program under Contract
DE-AC06-76RLO 1830 at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). PNNL
is operated for the US DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute.
NR 50
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 2
U2 44
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1680-7316
J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS
JI Atmos. Chem. Phys.
PY 2012
VL 12
IS 4
BP 1759
EP 1783
DI 10.5194/acp-12-1759-2012
PG 25
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 900GW
UT WOS:000300875900007
ER
PT J
AU Wild, O
Fiore, AM
Shindell, DT
Doherty, RM
Collins, WJ
Dentener, FJ
Schultz, MG
Gong, S
MacKenzie, IA
Zeng, G
Hess, P
Duncan, BN
Bergmann, DJ
Szopa, S
Jonson, JE
Keating, TJ
Zuber, A
AF Wild, O.
Fiore, A. M.
Shindell, D. T.
Doherty, R. M.
Collins, W. J.
Dentener, F. J.
Schultz, M. G.
Gong, S.
MacKenzie, I. A.
Zeng, G.
Hess, P.
Duncan, B. N.
Bergmann, D. J.
Szopa, S.
Jonson, J. E.
Keating, T. J.
Zuber, A.
TI Modelling future changes in surface ozone: a parameterized approach
SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TROPOSPHERIC OZONE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; AIR-QUALITY; EMISSIONS; POLLUTION;
GASES; STABILIZATION; TRANSPORT; AEROSOLS; PATHWAY
AB This study describes a simple parameterization to estimate regionally averaged changes in surface ozone due to past or future changes in anthropogenic precursor emissions based on results from 14 global chemistry transport models. The method successfully reproduces the results of full simulations with these models. For a given emission scenario it provides the ensemble mean surface ozone change, a regional source attribution for each change, and an estimate of the associated uncertainty as represented by the variation between models. Using the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) emission scenarios as an example, we show how regional surface ozone is likely to respond to emission changes by 2050 and how changes in precursor emissions and atmospheric methane contribute to this. Surface ozone changes are substantially smaller than expected with the SRES A1B, A2 and B2 scenarios, with annual global mean reductions of as much as 2 ppb by 2050 vs. increases of 4-6 ppb under SRES, and this reflects the assumptions of more stringent precursor emission controls under the RCP scenarios. We find an average difference of around 5 ppb between the outlying RCP 2.6 and RCP 8.5 scenarios, about 75% of which can be attributed to differences in methane abundance. The study reveals the increasing importance of limiting atmospheric methane growth as emissions of other precursors are controlled, but highlights differences in modelled ozone responses to methane changes of as much as a factor of two, indicating that this remains a major uncertainty in current models.
C1 [Wild, O.] Univ Lancaster, Lancaster Environm Ctr, Lancaster, England.
[Fiore, A. M.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Shindell, D. T.] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA.
[Shindell, D. T.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA.
[Doherty, R. M.; MacKenzie, I. A.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Geosci, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Collins, W. J.] Met Off Hadley Ctr, Exeter, Devon, England.
[Dentener, F. J.] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, I-21020 Ispra, Italy.
[Schultz, M. G.] Forschungszentrum Julich, IEK 8, D-52425 Julich, Germany.
[Gong, S.] Environm Canada, Sci & Technol Branch, Toronto, ON, Canada.
[Zeng, G.] Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res, Lauder, New Zealand.
[Hess, P.] Cornell Univ, Dept Biol & Environm Engn, Ithaca, NY USA.
[Duncan, B. N.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Bergmann, D. J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Atmospher Earth & Energy Div, Livermore, CA USA.
[Szopa, S.] Lab Sci Climat & Environm, Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Jonson, J. E.] Norwegian Meteorol Inst, Oslo, Norway.
[Keating, T. J.] US EPA, Off Policy Anal & Review, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
[Zuber, A.] Commiss European Communities, Directorate Gen Environm, B-1049 Brussels, Belgium.
RP Wild, O (reprint author), Univ Lancaster, Lancaster Environm Ctr, Lancaster, England.
EM o.wild@lancaster.ac.uk
RI Bergmann, Daniel/F-9801-2011; Wild, Oliver/A-4909-2009; Collins,
William/A-5895-2010; Shindell, Drew/D-4636-2012; Duncan,
Bryan/A-5962-2011; Szopa, Sophie/F-8984-2010; Schultz,
Martin/I-9512-2012; mackenzie, ian/E-9320-2013; Hess, Peter/M-3145-2015
OI Bergmann, Daniel/0000-0003-4357-6301; Wild, Oliver/0000-0002-6227-7035;
Collins, William/0000-0002-7419-0850; Szopa, Sophie/0000-0002-8641-1737;
Schultz, Martin/0000-0003-3455-774X; Hess, Peter/0000-0003-2439-3796
NR 35
TC 48
Z9 48
U1 4
U2 43
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1680-7316
J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS
JI Atmos. Chem. Phys.
PY 2012
VL 12
IS 4
BP 2037
EP 2054
DI 10.5194/acp-12-2037-2012
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 900GW
UT WOS:000300875900023
ER
PT J
AU Brooks, BGJ
Desai, AR
Stephens, BB
Bowling, DR
Burns, SP
Watt, AS
Heck, SL
Sweeney, C
AF Brooks, B. -G. J.
Desai, A. R.
Stephens, B. B.
Bowling, D. R.
Burns, S. P.
Watt, A. S.
Heck, S. L.
Sweeney, C.
TI Assessing filtering of mountaintop CO2 mole fractions for application to
inverse models of biosphere-atmosphere carbon exchange
SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SUB-ALPINE FOREST; TRANSPORT MODELS; DIOXIDE EXCHANGE; ROCKY-MOUNTAINS;
COMPLEX TERRAIN; TURBULENT FLUX; HIGH-ELEVATION; NORTH-AMERICA; PART 2;
UNCERTAINTIES
AB There is a widely recognized need to improve our understanding of biosphere-atmosphere carbon exchanges in areas of complex terrain including the United States Mountain West. CO2 fluxes over mountainous terrain are often difficult to measure due to unusual and complicated influences associated with atmospheric transport. Consequently, deriving regional fluxes in mountain regions with carbon cycle inversion of atmospheric CO2 mole fraction is sensitive to filtering of observations to those that can be represented at the transport model resolution. Using five years of CO2 mole fraction observations from the Regional Atmospheric Continuous CO2 Network in the Rocky Mountains (Rocky RACCOON), five statistical filters are used to investigate a range of approaches for identifying regionally representative CO2 mole fractions. Test results from three filters indicate that subsets based on short-term variance and local CO2 gradients across tower inlet heights retain nine-tenths of the total observations and are able to define representative diel variability and seasonal cycles even for difficult-to-model sites where the influence of local fluxes is much larger than regional mole fraction variations. Test results from two other filters that consider measurements from previous and following days using spline fitting or sliding windows are overly selective. Case study examples showed that these windowing-filters rejected measurements representing synoptic changes in CO2, which suggests that they are not well suited to filtering continental CO2 measurements. We present a novel CO2 lapse rate filter that uses CO2 differences between levels in the model atmosphere to select subsets of site measurements that are representative on model scales. Our new filtering techniques provide guidance for novel approaches to assimilating mountain-top CO2 mole fractions in carbon cycle inverse models.
C1 [Brooks, B. -G. J.; Desai, A. R.] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Climat Res, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Stephens, B. B.; Burns, S. P.; Watt, A. S.; Heck, S. L.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Bowling, D. R.] Univ Utah, Dept Biol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Heck, S. L.] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Sweeney, C.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Brooks, BGJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Climat Res, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM bjorn@climatemodeling.org
RI Stephens, Britton/B-7962-2008; Burns, Sean/A-9352-2008; Desai,
Ankur/A-5899-2008; Brooks, Bjorn-Gustaf/D-2258-2016
OI Stephens, Britton/0000-0002-1966-6182; Burns, Sean/0000-0002-6258-1838;
Desai, Ankur/0000-0002-5226-6041; Brooks,
Bjorn-Gustaf/0000-0002-1371-5246
FU NOAA CPO [NA09OAR4310065, NA080AR4310533]
FX This work was supported by NOAA CPO, grant numbers NA09OAR4310065 and
NA080AR4310533. The authors would also like to thank Kurt Chowanski
(Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado),
Gannet Hallar and Ian McCubbin (Storm Peak Laboratory, Desert Research
Institute), for their collaboration and providing meteorological data.
We thank James Cornette (Iowa State University) for his recommendations
on the mathematical descriptions. We are also indebted to Andy Jacobson,
Wouter Peters, and others from the NOAA Earth Systems Research Lab's
CarbonTracker research group for collaboration in using RACCOON data and
in discussing the CarbonTracker assimilation protocol. We thank Dean
Cardinale and the Snowbird Ski and Summer Resort for their support at
the Hidden Peak site. CarbonTracker 2009 results provided by NOAA ESRL,
Boulder, Colorado, USA are from the website at
http://carbontracker.noaa.gov.
NR 45
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 7
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1680-7316
J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS
JI Atmos. Chem. Phys.
PY 2012
VL 12
IS 4
BP 2099
EP 2115
DI 10.5194/acp-12-2099-2012
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 900GW
UT WOS:000300875900026
ER
PT J
AU Kumari, H
Kline, SR
Atwood, JL
AF Kumari, Harshita
Kline, Steven R.
Atwood, Jerry L.
TI Investigation of encapsulation of insulin biotemplate within
C-methylresorcin[4]arenes
SO CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID TOBACCO-MOSAIC-VIRUS; RAY FIBER DIFFRACTION; ORGANIC NANOCAPSULES;
SCATTERING; CAPSULES; RESOLUTION; BONDS
AB Solution structure of insulin templated C-methyl resorcin[4]arene nanocapsules has been investigated using neutron scattering. The insulin biotemplate has enhanced the limits of encapsulation and enabled formation of a larger spherical molecular host.
C1 [Kumari, Harshita; Atwood, Jerry L.] Univ Missouri, Dept Chem, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Kline, Steven R.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Atwood, JL (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Chem, 601 S Coll Ave, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
EM AtwoodJ@missouri.edu
FU NSF; National Science Foundation [DMR-0944772]
FX We thank NSF for support of this work (J.L.A.). We thank the group of
Prof. J. Tanner for help with protein assays. This work utilized
facilities supported in part by the National Science Foundation under
Agreement No. DMR-0944772 (S.R.K.). Certain trade names and company
products are identified to adequately specify the experimental
procedure. In no case does such identification imply recommendation or
endorsement by the National Institute of Standards and Technology.
NR 31
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 11
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1359-7345
J9 CHEM COMMUN
JI Chem. Commun.
PY 2012
VL 48
IS 30
BP 3599
EP 3601
DI 10.1039/c2cc18071e
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 908MI
UT WOS:000301494100005
PM 22392225
ER
PT J
AU Thacker, WC
Srinivasan, A
Iskandarani, M
Knio, OM
Le Henaff, M
AF Thacker, W. C.
Srinivasan, A.
Iskandarani, M.
Knio, O. M.
Le Henaff, M.
TI Propagating boundary uncertainties using polynomial expansions
SO OCEAN MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE Polynomial chaos; Ocean modeling; Error propagation; Uncertainty
quantification; Spectral stochastic expansions; Gulf of Mexico; Loop
Current; HYCOM
ID COORDINATE OCEAN MODEL; CHAOS; QUANTIFICATION; DYNAMICS; FLOW
AB The method of polynomial chaos expansions is illustrated by showing how uncertainties in boundary conditions specifying the flow from the Caribbean Sea into the Gulf of Mexico manifest as uncertainties in a model's simulation of the Gulfs surface elevation field. The method, which has been used for a variety of engineering applications, is explained within an oceanographic context and its advantages and disadvantages are discussed. The method's utility requires that the spatially and temporally varying uncertainties of the inflow be characterized by a small number of independent random variables, which here correspond to amplitudes of spatiotemporal modes inferred from an available boundary climatology. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Srinivasan, A.] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Ctr Computat Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Thacker, W. C.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Srinivasan, A.; Iskandarani, M.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, MPO Div, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Knio, O. M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
RP Srinivasan, A (reprint author), Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Ctr Computat Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM w.thacker@miami.edu; asrinivasan@rsmas.miami.edu;
miskandarani@rsmas.miami.edu; knio@jhu.edu; mlehenaff@rsmas.miami.edu
RI Thacker, Carlisle/I-3813-2013
OI Thacker, Carlisle/0000-0002-9285-8826
FU Office of Naval Research [N000141010498]; [NSF-OCE0622662]
FX The research herein was supported by the Office of Naval Research, under
Grant No N000141010498. Dr. Iskandarani was also supported by
NSF-OCE0622662. All calculations were performed at the Center for
Computational Science at the University of Miami. The authors would like
to thank the reviewers for their helpful suggestions.
NR 30
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1463-5003
EI 1463-5011
J9 OCEAN MODEL
JI Ocean Model.
PY 2012
VL 43-44
BP 52
EP 63
DI 10.1016/j.ocemod.2011.11.011
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
GA 908SX
UT WOS:000301513000004
ER
PT J
AU Haza, AC
Ozgokmen, TM
Griffa, A
Garraffo, ZD
Piterbarg, L
AF Haza, Angelique C.
Oezgoekmen, Tamay M.
Griffa, Annalisa
Garraffo, Zulema D.
Piterbarg, Leonid
TI Parameterization of particle transport at submesoscales in the Gulf
Stream region using Lagrangian subgridscale models
SO OCEAN MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE Submesoscale; Relative dispersion; Lagrangian stochastic models
ID RESOLUTION NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; RELATIVE DISPERSION; ADRIATIC SEA;
MIXED-LAYER; 2-DIMENSIONAL TURBULENCE; LANGMUIR CIRCULATIONS; COHERENT
STRUCTURES; APERIODIC FLOWS; SURFACE-OCEAN; DRIFTER DATA
AB Ocean model fields are being routinely used for forecasting the spreading of pollutants, oil spills, and for biogeochemical transport. Recent observations and advances in our understanding of ocean processes indicate there is an explosion of flow instabilities in the submesoscale range. While submesoscale flows have a significant impact on transport at their own scales, they require much more extensive data sets and numerical computations. Therefore, transport carried out by submesoscale flows is quite challenging to approach deterministically.
In this study, we put forward a hybrid approach by combining deterministic Lagrangian coherent structures (LCS) to compute transport over the mesoscale range with statistical Lagrangian subgridscale (LSGS) models for the underresolved submesoscale motions. We apply this approach to particle transport in the Gulf Stream region, which exhibits indications of submesoscale activity from both models and observations. We consider HYCOM solutions at two resolutions. In the 1/12 degrees computation, mesoscale features are well resolved but submesoscales are not resolved, while the 1/48 degrees computation captures some of the submesoscale flow instabilities as well. By using metrics of relative dispersion, we investigate three LSGS models and demonstrate that they can be useful in correcting the underestimation of submesoscale dispersion in the 1/12 degrees solution, with respect to relative dispersion obtained from the 1/48 degrees solution and an observational result. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Haza, Angelique C.; Oezgoekmen, Tamay M.; Griffa, Annalisa] Univ Miami, RSMAS, MPO, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Griffa, Annalisa] UOS Pozzuolo Lerici SP, CNR, ISMAR, I-10932 Lerici, SP, Italy.
[Garraffo, Zulema D.] NOAA, IMSG, EMC, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[Piterbarg, Leonid] Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
RP Haza, AC (reprint author), Univ Miami, RSMAS, MPO, 4600 Rickenbacker Csw, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM ahaza@rsmas.miami.edu
RI CNR, Ismar/P-1247-2014
OI CNR, Ismar/0000-0001-5351-1486
FU Office of Naval Research [N000140510094, N000140510095, N000141110369,
N000141110087]
FX We greatly acknowledge the support of Office of Naval Research Under
Grants N000140510094, N000140510095, N000141110369 and N000141110087.
This work also greatly benefitted from the helpful comments from two
anonymous reviewers as well as the editor Stephen Griffies that resulted
in a significant improvement of this manuscript.
NR 57
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1463-5003
EI 1463-5011
J9 OCEAN MODEL
JI Ocean Model.
PY 2012
VL 42
BP 31
EP 49
DI 10.1016/j.ocemod.2011.11.005
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
GA 911FR
UT WOS:000301703200003
ER
PT J
AU Paik, DH
Perkins, TT
AF Paik, D. Hern
Perkins, Thomas T.
TI Dynamics and Multiple Stable Binding Modes of DNA Intercalators Revealed
by Single-Molecule Force Spectroscopy
SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
LA English
DT Article
DE DNA; force spectroscopy; intercalations; optical traps; single-molecule
studies
ID DOUBLE-STRANDED DNA; OPTICAL TWEEZERS; COMPLEXES; DYES; MICROSCOPY;
MECHANISMS; YOYO-1; DRUG
C1 [Paik, D. Hern; Perkins, Thomas T.] Univ Colorado, NIST, Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Paik, D. Hern; Perkins, Thomas T.] Univ Colorado, Dept Mol Cellular & Dev Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Perkins, TT (reprint author), Univ Colorado, NIST, Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM tperkins@jila.colorado.edu
OI Perkins, Thomas/0000-0003-4826-9490
NR 19
TC 26
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 36
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1433-7851
J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT
JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit.
PY 2012
VL 51
IS 8
BP 1811
EP 1815
DI 10.1002/anie.201105540
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 894SD
UT WOS:000300446100008
PM 22162006
ER
PT J
AU McKenna-Lawlor, SMP
Fry, CD
Dryer, M
Heynderickx, D
Kecskemety, K
Kudela, K
Balaz, J
AF McKenna-Lawlor, S. M. P.
Fry, C. D.
Dryer, M.
Heynderickx, D.
Kecskemety, K.
Kudela, K.
Balaz, J.
TI A statistical study of the performance of the Hakamada-Akasofu-Fry
version 2 numerical model in predicting solar shock arrival times at
Earth during different phases of solar cycle 23
SO ANNALES GEOPHYSICAE
LA English
DT Article
DE Interplanetary physics; Interplanetary shocks; Solar wind plasma
ID SPACE WEATHER; INTERPLANETARY SHOCK; WIND DISTURBANCES; APRIL 2001; 1
AU; MHD; CME; HELIOSPHERE; SIMULATION; CHALLENGES
AB The performance of the Hakamada Akasofu-Fry, version 2 (HAFv.2) numerical model, which provides predictions of solar shock arrival times at Earth, was subjected to a statistical study to investigate those solar/interplanetary circumstances under which the model performed well/poorly during key phases (rise/maximum/decay) of solar cycle 23. In addition to analyzing elements of the overall data set (584 selected events) associated with particular cycle phases, subsets were formed such that those events making up a particular sub-set showed common characteristics. The statistical significance of the results obtained using the various sets/subsets was generally very low and these results were not significant as compared with the hit by chance rate (50%). This implies a low level of confidence in the predictions of the model with no compelling result encouraging its use. However, the data suggested that the success rates of HAFv. 2 were higher when the background solar wind speed at the time of shock initiation was relatively fast. Thus, in scenarios where the background solar wind speed is elevated and the calculated success rate significantly exceeds the rate by chance, the forecasts could provide potential value to the customer. With the composite statistics available for solar cycle 23, the calculated success rate at high solar wind speed, although clearly above 50 %, was indicative rather than conclusive. The RMS error estimated for shock arrival times for every cycle phase and for the composite sample was in each case significantly better than would be expected for a random data set. Also, the parameter "Probability of Detection, yes" (PODy) which presents the Proportion of Yes observations that were correctly forecast (i.e. the ratio between the shocks correctly predicted and all the shocks observed), yielded values for the rise/maximum/decay phases of the cycle and using the composite sample of 0.85, 0.64, 0.79 and 0.77, respectively. The statistical results obtained through detailed analysis of the available data provided insights into how changing circumstances on the Sun and in interplanetary space can affect the performance of the model. Since shock arrival predictions are widely utilized in making commercially significant decisions re. protecting space assets, the present detailed archival studies can be useful in future operational decision making during solar cycle 24. It would be of added value in this context to use Briggs-Rupert methodology to estimate the cost to an operator of acting on an incorrect forecast.
C1 [McKenna-Lawlor, S. M. P.; Balaz, J.] Natl Univ Ireland, Maynooth, Kildare, Ireland.
[Fry, C. D.; Dryer, M.] Explorat Phys Int Inc, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA.
[Dryer, M.] NOAA Space Environm Ctr, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Heynderickx, D.] DH Consultancy, Louvain, Belgium.
[Kecskemety, K.] KFKI Res Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, Budapest, Hungary.
[Kudela, K.; Balaz, J.] Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Expt Phys, Kosice 04353, Slovakia.
RP McKenna-Lawlor, SMP (reprint author), Natl Univ Ireland, Maynooth, Kildare, Ireland.
EM stil@nuim.ie
OI Balaz, Jan/0000-0001-8918-2610
FU agency VEGA [2/0081/10]
FX KK wishes to acknowledge grant agency VEGA, project 2/0081/10 for
support.
NR 45
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 3
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 0992-7689
EI 1432-0576
J9 ANN GEOPHYS-GERMANY
JI Ann. Geophys.
PY 2012
VL 30
IS 2
BP 405
EP 419
DI 10.5194/angeo-30-405-2012
PG 15
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 900HF
UT WOS:000300876900011
ER
PT J
AU Venema, VKC
Mestre, O
Aguilar, E
Auer, I
Guijarro, JA
Domonkos, P
Vertacnik, G
Szentimrey, T
Stepanek, P
Zahradnicek, P
Viarre, J
Muller-Westermeier, G
Lakatos, M
Williams, CN
Menne, MJ
Lindau, R
Rasol, D
Rustemeier, E
Kolokythas, K
Marinova, T
Andresen, L
Acquaotta, F
Fratianni, S
Cheval, S
Klancar, M
Brunetti, M
Gruber, C
Duran, MP
Likso, T
Esteban, P
Brandsma, T
AF Venema, V. K. C.
Mestre, O.
Aguilar, E.
Auer, I.
Guijarro, J. A.
Domonkos, P.
Vertacnik, G.
Szentimrey, T.
Stepanek, P.
Zahradnicek, P.
Viarre, J.
Mueller-Westermeier, G.
Lakatos, M.
Williams, C. N.
Menne, M. J.
Lindau, R.
Rasol, D.
Rustemeier, E.
Kolokythas, K.
Marinova, T.
Andresen, L.
Acquaotta, F.
Fratianni, S.
Cheval, S.
Klancar, M.
Brunetti, M.
Gruber, C.
Duran, M. Prohom
Likso, T.
Esteban, P.
Brandsma, T.
TI Benchmarking homogenization algorithms for monthly data
SO CLIMATE OF THE PAST
LA English
DT Article
ID INSTRUMENTAL TIME-SERIES; GREATER ALPINE REGION; TEMPERATURE SERIES;
CLIMATE DATA; STATISTICAL CHARACTERISTICS; PRECIPITATION SERIES;
HOMOGENEITY TEST; SURROGATE DATA; UNITED-STATES; DISCONTINUITIES
AB The COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) Action ES0601: advances in homogenization methods of climate series: an integrated approach (HOME) has executed a blind intercomparison and validation study for monthly homogenization algorithms. Time series of monthly temperature and precipitation were evaluated because of their importance for climate studies and because they represent two important types of statistics (additive and multiplicative). The algorithms were validated against a realistic benchmark dataset. The benchmark contains real inhomogeneous data as well as simulated data with inserted inhomogeneities. Random independent break-type inhomogeneities with normally distributed breakpoint sizes were added to the simulated datasets. To approximate real world conditions, breaks were introduced that occur simultaneously in multiple station series within a simulated network of station data. The simulated time series also contained outliers, missing data periods and local station trends. Further, a stochastic nonlinear global (network-wide) trend was added.
Participants provided 25 separate homogenized contributions as part of the blind study. After the deadline at which details of the imposed inhomogeneities were revealed, 22 additional solutions were submitted. These homogenized datasets were assessed by a number of performance metrics including (i) the centered root mean square error relative to the true homogeneous value at various averaging scales, (ii) the error in linear trend estimates and (iii) traditional contingency skill scores. The metrics were computed both using the individual station series as well as the network average regional series. The performance of the contributions depends significantly on the error metric considered. Contingency scores by themselves are not very informative. Although relative homogenization algorithms typically improve the homogeneity of temperature data, only the best ones improve precipitation data. Training the users on homogenization software was found to be very important. Moreover, state-of-the-art relative homogenization algorithms developed to work with an inhomogeneous reference are shown to perform best. The study showed that automatic algorithms can perform as well as manual ones.
C1 [Venema, V. K. C.; Lindau, R.; Rustemeier, E.] Univ Bonn, Meteorol Inst, Bonn, Germany.
[Mestre, O.] Meteo France, Ecole Natl Meteorol, Toulouse, France.
[Aguilar, E.; Domonkos, P.; Viarre, J.] Univ Rovira & Virgili, Ctr Climate Change C3, Tarragona, Spain.
[Auer, I.; Gruber, C.] Zentralanstalt Meteorol & Geodynam, Vienna, Austria.
[Guijarro, J. A.] Agencia Estatal Meteorol, Palma De Mallorca, Spain.
[Vertacnik, G.; Klancar, M.] Slovenian Environm Agcy, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
[Szentimrey, T.; Lakatos, M.] Hungarian Meteorol Serv, Budapest, Hungary.
[Stepanek, P.; Zahradnicek, P.] Czech Hydrometeorol Inst, Brno, Czech Republic.
[Stepanek, P.; Zahradnicek, P.] Czechglobe Global Change Res Ctr AS CR, Vvi, Brno, Czech Republic.
[Mueller-Westermeier, G.] Deutsch Wetterdienst, Offenbach, Germany.
[Williams, C. N.; Menne, M. J.] NOAA, Natl Climat Data Ctr, Washington, DC 20230 USA.
[Rasol, D.; Likso, T.] Meteorol & Hydrol Serv, Zagreb, Croatia.
[Kolokythas, K.] Univ Patras, Lab Atmospher Phys, GR-26110 Patras, Greece.
[Marinova, T.] Natl Inst Meteorol & Hydrol BAS, Sofia, Bulgaria.
[Andresen, L.] Norwegian Meteorol Inst, Oslo, Norway.
[Acquaotta, F.; Fratianni, S.] Univ Turin, Dept Earth Sci, I-10124 Turin, Italy.
[Cheval, S.] Natl Meteorol Adm, Bucharest, Romania.
[Cheval, S.] Natl Inst R&D Environm Protect, Bucharest, Romania.
[Brunetti, M.] Inst Atmospher Sci & Climate ISAC CNR, Bologna, Italy.
[Duran, M. Prohom; Esteban, P.] Univ Barcelona, Grp Climatol, E-08007 Barcelona, Spain.
[Duran, M. Prohom] Meteorol Serv Catalonia, Area Climatol, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
[Brandsma, T.] Royal Netherlands Meteorol Inst, NL-3730 AE De Bilt, Netherlands.
RP Venema, VKC (reprint author), Univ Bonn, Meteorol Inst, Bonn, Germany.
EM victor.venema@uni-bonn.de
RI brunetti, michele/A-2447-2011; Zahradnicek, Pavel/G-9447-2014; Aguilar,
Enric/L-4971-2014; Domonkos, Peter/L-5257-2014; Stepanek,
Petr/G-1614-2014; Cheval, Sorin/B-4506-2011;
OI brunetti, michele/0000-0003-3487-2221; Domonkos,
Peter/0000-0002-3148-244X; Cheval, Sorin/0000-0001-6412-1918; Esteban,
Pere/0000-0001-5095-1187
FU European Union through COST Action [ES0601]; North Rhine-Westphalia
Academy of Science; German Science Foundation (DFG) [VE 366/3, VE366/5];
Cambios en la Frecuencia, Intensidad y Duracion de eventos Extremos en
la Peninsula Iberica [CGL2007-65546-C03-02]
FX This study has been performed with support of the European Union,
through the COST Action ES0601 - Advances in Homogenisation Methods of
Climate Series: an Integrated Approach (HOME), as well as the project
Large Scale Climate Changes and their Environmental Relevance funded by
the North Rhine-Westphalia Academy of Science. The contribution of VV
was supported by the surrogate cloud project (VE 366/3), the one of RL
by the Daily Stew project (VE366/5), both sponsored by the German
Science Foundation (DFG). The contribution of EA was sponsored by the
"Cambios en la Frecuencia, Intensidad y Duracion de eventos Extremos en
la Peninsula Iberica", code number: CGL2007-65546-C03-02. This dataset
would have been impossible without contributed climate records. Our
thanks thus go to Meteo France, Ecole Nationale de la Meteorologie,
Toulouse, France, the Zentralanstalt fur Meteorologie und Geodynamik,
Wien, Austria, the Center on Climate Change (C3), Tarragona, Spain, the
Centre d'Estudis de la Neu i de la Muntanya d'Andorra, Andorra, the
Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, De Bilt, The Netherlands,
the National Institute of Meteorology and Hydrology - BAS, Sofia,
Bulgaria, and the National Meteorological Administration, Bucharest,
Romania. Furthermore, we would like to thank Lucie Vincent and Mario
Pereira for their comments.
NR 65
TC 125
Z9 125
U1 6
U2 36
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1814-9324
EI 1814-9332
J9 CLIM PAST
JI Clim. Past.
PY 2012
VL 8
IS 1
BP 89
EP 115
DI 10.5194/cp-8-89-2012
PG 27
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 900HR
UT WOS:000300878100007
ER
PT S
AU Vogl, U
Glasser, R
Lett, PD
AF Vogl, Ulrich
Glasser, Ryan
Lett, Paul D.
BE Galvez, EJ
Andrews, DL
Gluckstad, J
Soskin, MS
TI A Compact Source for Quantum Image Processing with Four-wave Mixing in
Rubidium-85
SO COMPLEX LIGHT AND OPTICAL FORCES VI
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Complex Light and Optical Forces VI/Conference on
Photonics West/Conference on Advances in Photonics of Quantum Computing,
Memory, and Communication V
CY JAN 25-26, 2012
CL San Francisco, CA
SP SPIE
DE Squeezed light; Four-wave-mixing; Anomalous dispersion
ID SQUEEZED-LIGHT; GENERATION; VAPOR
AB We have built a compact light source for bright squeezed twin-beams at 795nm based on four-wave-mixing in atomic Rb-85 vapor. With a total optical power of 400mW derived from a free running diode laser and a tapered amplifier to pump the four-wave-mixing process, we achieve 2.1 dB intensity difference squeezing of the twin beams below the standard quantum limit, without accounting for losses. Squeezed twin beams generated by the type of source presented here could be used as reference for the precise calibration of photodetectors. Transferring the quantum correlations from the light to atoms in order to generate correlated atom beams is another interesting prospect. In this work we investigate the dispersion that is generated by the employed four-wave-mixing process with respect to bandwidth and dependence on probe detuning. We are currently using this squeezed light source to test the transfer of spatial information and quantum correlations through media of anomalous dispersion.
C1 [Vogl, Ulrich] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Vogl, U (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM ulrich.vogl@nist.gov
RI Vogl, Ulrich/G-4624-2014
OI Vogl, Ulrich/0000-0003-2399-2797
NR 23
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-917-3
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2012
VL 8274
AR 82740C
DI 10.1117/12.907333
PG 6
WC Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Optics; Physics
GA BZB67
UT WOS:000301054600008
ER
PT S
AU Hill, CR
AF Hill, Carolyn R.
BE Alonso, A
TI Capillary Electrophoresis and 5-Channel LIF Detection of a 26plex
Autosomal STR Assay for Human Identification
SO DNA ELECTROPHORESIS PROTOCOLS FOR FORENSIC GENETICS
SE Methods in Molecular Biology
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE Multiplex PCR; Short tandem repeat; STR marker; Forensic DNA; PCR
primers; 26plex; non-CODIS
ID DEGRADED DNA; MINISTR LOCI; PARENTAGE; TOOLS
AB Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a common method used for DNA typing in forensic and paternity cases. There are numerous commercial short tandem repeat (SIR) multiplex assays currently available to the forensic community. These assays amplify the core Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) STR loci for entry into the US. DNA database. Additional non-CODIS loci, which are considered genetically unlinked to the CODIS loci, can be useful in resolving challenging cases such as missing persons and mass disaster victim identification, paternity testing, and immigration testing. An SIR multiplex has been successfully developed with 25 non-CODIS autosomal loci plus the sex-typing locus amelogenin for a total of 26 loci in a single 26plex amplification reaction. This chapter will focus on the preparation and the use of the 26plex assay with DNA samples for the purpose of human identification.
C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Hill, CR (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 18
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU HUMANA PRESS INC
PI TOTOWA
PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA
SN 1064-3745
BN 978-1-61779-460-5
J9 METHODS MOL BIOL
JI Methods Mol. Biol.
PY 2012
VL 830
BP 17
EP 29
DI 10.1007/978-1-61779-461-2_2
D2 10.1007/978-1-61779-461-2
PG 13
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics
& Heredity
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity
GA BYT94
UT WOS:000300258100002
PM 22139650
ER
PT S
AU Coble, MD
AF Coble, Michael D.
BE Alonso, A
TI Capillary Electrophoresis of MiniSTR Markers to Genotype Highly Degraded
DNA Samples
SO DNA ELECTROPHORESIS PROTOCOLS FOR FORENSIC GENETICS
SE Methods in Molecular Biology
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE Mini-STRs; PCR; Degraded DNA; STR; DNA typing
ID PCR AMPLIFICATION KIT; SKELETAL REMAINS; MULTIPLEX SYSTEM; STR
AMPLICONS; VALIDATION; LOCI; IDENTIFICATION; VICTIMS; LESS
AB The amplification of short tandem repeat (STR) markers throughout the human nuclear DNA genome are used to associate crime scene evidence to the perpetrator's profile in criminal investigations. For highly challenged or compromised materials such as stains exposed to the elements, skeletal remains from missing persons cases, or fragmented and degraded samples from mass disasters, obtaining a hill STR profile may be difficult if not impossible. With the introduction of short amplicon SIR or "miniSTR" typing, it is possible to obtain STR genetic information from highly challenged samples without the need to sequence the hypervariable regions of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genome. Non-Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) STR markers have been developed to obtain information beyond the core CODIS loci. This chapter will focus on the steps necessary to prepare and use one of the non-CODIS (NC) multiplexes, NC01 (Coble and Butler 2005), for analysis on capillary electrophoresis instrumentation.
C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Coble, MD (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 27
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 7
PU HUMANA PRESS INC
PI TOTOWA
PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA
SN 1064-3745
BN 978-1-61779-460-5
J9 METHODS MOL BIOL
JI Methods Mol. Biol.
PY 2012
VL 830
BP 31
EP 42
DI 10.1007/978-1-61779-461-2_3
D2 10.1007/978-1-61779-461-2
PG 12
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics
& Heredity
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity
GA BYT94
UT WOS:000300258100003
PM 22139651
ER
PT S
AU Vallone, PM
AF Vallone, Peter M.
BE Alonso, A
TI Capillary Electrophoresis of an 11-Plex mtDNA Coding Region SNP Single
Base Extension Assay for Discrimination of the Most Common Caucasian
HV1/HV2 Mitotype
SO DNA ELECTROPHORESIS PROTOCOLS FOR FORENSIC GENETICS
SE Methods in Molecular Biology
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE Single nucleotide polymorphism; PCR; Mitochondrial DNA; Multiplex
ID MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; FORENSIC ANALYSIS;
SEQUENCE; GENOME
AB The typing of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located throughout the human mitochondrial genome assists in resolving individuals with an identical HV1/HIV2 haplotype. A set of 11 sites which were selected for distinguishing individuals of a common Western European Caucasian HV1/HV2 mitotype was incorporated into a single base extension (SBE) assay. the assay was optimized for multiplex detection of sequence polymorphisms at positions 3010, 4793, 10211, 5004, 7028, 7202, 16519, 12858, 4580, 477, and 14470 in the mitochondrial genome. PCR. primers were designed to allow for multiplex amplification of unique regions in the mitochondrial genome followed by an 11-plex SBE reaction using the SNaPshot (R) reagent kit. Separation and detection can be accomplished with a capillary-based electrophoresis platform commonly found in most forensic laboratories.
C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Vallone, PM (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 11
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU HUMANA PRESS INC
PI TOTOWA
PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA
SN 1064-3745
BN 978-1-61779-460-5
J9 METHODS MOL BIOL
JI Methods Mol. Biol.
PY 2012
VL 830
BP 159
EP 167
DI 10.1007/978-1-61779-461-2_11
D2 10.1007/978-1-61779-461-2
PG 9
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics
& Heredity
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity
GA BYT94
UT WOS:000300258100011
PM 22139659
ER
PT J
AU Xu, JT
Long, W
Wiggert, JD
Lanerolle, LWJ
Brown, CW
Murtugudde, R
Hood, RR
AF Xu, Jiangtao
Long, Wen
Wiggert, Jerry D.
Lanerolle, Lyon W. J.
Brown, Christopher W.
Murtugudde, Raghu
Hood, Raleigh R.
TI Climate Forcing and Salinity Variability in Chesapeake Bay, USA
SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Chesapeake Bay; Skill assessment; Salinity variability; EOF analysis;
Model validation; Estuary; Climate; Spatiotemporal patterns
ID CRASSOSTREA-VIRGINICA GMELIN; DELAWARE ESTUARY; MODELING-SYSTEM; RIVER
FLOW; BLUE-CRAB; CIRCULATION; OCEAN; LARVAE; STRATIFICATION; SIMULATIONS
AB Salinity is a critical factor in understanding and predicting physical and biogeochemical processes in the coastal ocean where it varies considerably in time and space. In this paper, we introduce a Chesapeake Bay community implementation of the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ChesROMS) and use it to investigate the interannual variability of salinity in Chesapeake Bay. The ChesROMS implementation was evaluated by quantitatively comparing the model solutions with the observed variations in the Bay for a 15-year period (1991 to 2005). Temperature fields were most consistently well predicted, with a correlation of 0.99 and a root mean square error (RMSE) of 1.5 degrees C for the period, with modeled salinity following closely with a correlation of 0.94 and RMSE of 2.5. Variability of salinity anomalies from climatology based on modeled salinity was examined using empirical orthogonal function analysis, which indicates the salinity distribution in the Bay is principally driven by river forcing. Wind forcing and tidal mixing were also important factors in determining the salinity stratification in the water column, especially during low flow conditions. The fairly strong correlation between river discharge anomaly in this region and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation suggests that the long-term salinity variability in the Bay is affected by large-scale climate patterns. The detailed analyses of the role and importance of different forcing, including river runoff, atmospheric fluxes, and open ocean boundary conditions, are discussed in the context of the observed and modeled interannual variability.
C1 [Xu, Jiangtao; Lanerolle, Lyon W. J.] NOAA, NOS, OCS, CSDL, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Xu, Jiangtao] UCAR, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Long, Wen; Hood, Raleigh R.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Horn Point Lab, Cambridge, MD 21613 USA.
[Wiggert, Jerry D.] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Marine Sci, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
[Lanerolle, Lyon W. J.] Earth Resources Technol ERT Inc, Laurel, MD 20707 USA.
[Brown, Christopher W.] NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Murtugudde, Raghu] Univ Maryland, ESSIC, DAOS, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Xu, JT (reprint author), NOAA, NOS, OCS, CSDL, 1315 EW Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM Jiangtao.Xu@noaa.gov
RI hood, raleigh/F-9364-2013; Brown, Christopher/B-8213-2008
OI Brown, Christopher/0000-0002-9905-6391
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) Center for
Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research [NA05NOS4781222, NA05NOS4781226];
Center for Satellite Applications and Research; NOAA-CBFS; Divecha
Center for Climate Change at IISc, Bangalore
FX Funding for this study was provided by the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean
Research's Monitoring for Event Response for Harmful Algal Bloom
(MERHAB) Program (NA05NOS4781222 and NA05NOS4781226 to PIs R. Hood and
C. Brown, respectively) and the Center for Satellite Applications and
Research. The authors thank Tom Gross for introducing ROMS to this
project and helping with the initial model development and Frank Aikman
and Edward Myers at NOAA/CSDL for generously supporting the completion
of the model analyses and development of the manuscript. Murtugudde
gratefully acknowledges the generous support of NOAA-CBFS grant and
Divecha Center for Climate Change at IISc, Bangalore. This paper
represents UMCES contribution no. 4510 and MERHAB publication no. 150.
NR 73
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 3
U2 18
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1559-2723
J9 ESTUAR COAST
JI Estuaries Coasts
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 35
IS 1
BP 237
EP 261
DI 10.1007/s12237-011-9423-5
PG 25
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 898VW
UT WOS:000300771500018
ER
PT S
AU Bruyninx, C
Altamimi, Z
Becker, M
Craymer, M
Combrinck, L
Combrink, A
Dawson, J
Dietrich, R
Fernandes, R
Govind, R
Herring, T
Kenyeres, A
King, R
Kreemer, C
Lavallee, D
Legrand, J
Sanchez, L
Sella, G
Shen, Z
Santamaria-Gomez, A
Woppelmann, G
AF Bruyninx, C.
Altamimi, Z.
Becker, M.
Craymer, M.
Combrinck, L.
Combrink, A.
Dawson, J.
Dietrich, R.
Fernandes, R.
Govind, R.
Herring, T.
Kenyeres, A.
King, R.
Kreemer, C.
Lavallee, D.
Legrand, J.
Sanchez, L.
Sella, G.
Shen, Z.
Santamaria-Gomez, A.
Woeppelmann, G.
BE Kenyon, SC
Pacino, MC
Marti, UJ
TI A Dense Global Velocity Field Based on GNSS Observations: Preliminary
Results
SO GEODESY FOR PLANET EARTH: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2009 IAG SYMPOSIUM
SE International Association of Geodesy Symposia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Scientific Assembly of the International-Association-of-Geodesy (IAG) -
Geodesy for Planet Earth
CY AUG 31-SEP 04, 2009
CL Buenos Aires, ARGENTINA
SP Int Assoc Geodesy (IAG)
AB In a collaborative effort with the regional sub-commissions within IAG sub-commission 1.3 "Regional Reference Frames", the IAG Working Group (WG) on "Regional Dense Velocity Fields" (see http://epncb.oma.be/IAG) has made a first attempt to create a dense global velocity field. GNSS-based velocity solutions for more than 6,000 continuous and episodic GNSS tracking stations, were proposed to the WG in reply to the first call for participation issued in November 2008. The combination of a part of these solutions was done in a two-step approach: first at the regional level, and secondly at the global level.
Comparisons between different velocity solutions show an RMS agreement between 0.3 and 0.5 mm/year resp. for the horizontal and vertical velocities. In some cases, significant disagreements between the velocities of some of the networks are seen, but these are primarily caused by the inconsistent handling of discontinuity epochs and solution numbers. In the future, the WG will re-visit the procedures in order to develop a combination process that is efficient, automated, transparent, and not more complex than it needs to be.
C1 [Bruyninx, C.; Sanchez, L.] Royal Observ Belgium, Av Circulaire 3, B-1180 Brussels, Belgium.
[Altamimi, Z.] Inst Geographique Natl, Serv Rech, LARGE, F-77455 Champs Sur Mame, France.
[Becker, M.] Tech Univ Darmstadt, Inst Phys Geodesy, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
[Craymer, M.] Nat Resources Canada, Geodet Survey Div, Ottawa, ON K1A 0E9, Canada.
[Combrinck, L.; Combrink, A.] HartRAO, Krugersdorp 1740, South Africa.
[Dawson, J.] Geosci Australia, Symonston, ACT 2609, Australia.
[Dietrich, R.; Govind, R.] Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Plantare Geodasie, D-01062 Dresden, Germany.
[Fernandes, R.] Univ Beira Interior, IDL, P-6201001 Covilha, Portugal.
[Fernandes, R.] Delft Univ Technol, DEOS, NL-2600 GB Delft, Netherlands.
[Herring, T.; King, R.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Kenyeres, A.] FOMI Satellite Geodet Observ, H-1592 Budapest, Hungary.
[Kreemer, C.; Lavallee, D.] Univ Nevada, Nevada Bur Mines & Geol, Seismol Lab, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Legrand, J.] Delft Univ Technol, Fac Aerosp Engn, DEOS, NL-2600 GB Delft, Netherlands.
[Sanchez, L.] Royal Observ, B-1180 Brussels, Belgium.
[Sella, G.] Deutsch Geodat Forschungsinst, D-80539 Munich, Germany.
[Shen, Z.] NOAA, NGS, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Santamaria-Gomez, A.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Woeppelmann, G.] Inst Geografico Nacl, E-28071 Madrid, Spain.
[Woeppelmann, G.] Inst Geophique Natl, Serv Rech, LAREG, F-77455 Champs Sur Marne, France.
RP Bruyninx, C (reprint author), Royal Observ Belgium, Av Circulaire 3, B-1180 Brussels, Belgium.
EM C.Bruyninx@oma.be
RI Symposia, IAG/K-2857-2012; Santamaria-Gomez, Alvaro/E-4573-2013;
WOPPELMANN, Guy/N-6386-2014; Fernandes, Rui/B-6972-2008
OI Santamaria-Gomez, Alvaro/0000-0002-1655-3414; Fernandes,
Rui/0000-0002-9733-284X
NR 14
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0939-9585
BN 978-3-642-20338-1; 978-3-642-20337-4
J9 IAG SYMP
PY 2012
VL 136
BP 19
EP 26
DI 10.1007/978-3-642-20338-1_3
PG 8
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing
SC Geology; Remote Sensing
GA BYU53
UT WOS:000300433100003
ER
PT S
AU Edwards, KR
Grejner-Brzezinska, D
Smith, D
AF Edwards, K. R.
Grejner-Brzezinska, Dorota
Smith, Dru
BE Kenyon, SC
Pacino, MC
Marti, UJ
TI In Pursuit of a cm-Accurate Local Geoid Model for Ohio
SO GEODESY FOR PLANET EARTH: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2009 IAG SYMPOSIUM
SE International Association of Geodesy Symposia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Scientific Assembly of the International-Association-of-Geodesy (IAG) -
Geodesy for Planet Earth
CY AUG 31-SEP 04, 2009
CL Buenos Aires, ARGENTINA
SP Int Assoc Geodesy (IAG)
AB As part of its strategic plan for 2008-2018 [The NGS Ten Year-Plan, Mission, vision and strategy, 2008-2018], the National Geodetic Survey has resolved to engage in activities which would allow for the development of a 1-cm accurate national gravimetric geoid for the conterminous US. In this regard, the Ohio Department of Transportation has been collaborating with the OSU SPIN Laboratory in height modernization activities for the state of Ohio. Presented in this paper are the results of an investigation used to evaluate the quality of gravity and height data needed to produce a cm-accurate geoid in Ohio.
In this study a local geoid model over Ohio was computed in a remove-restore geoid determination procedure using EGM2008 [Pavlis NK, Holmes SA, Kenyon SC, Factor JK (2008) An earth gravitational model to degree 2160: EGM2008, presented at the 2008 General Assembly of the European Geosciences Union, Vienna, Austria, April 13-18], publicly-available surface gravity data from the PACES website and the GTOPO30 DEM. Terrain corrections (subject to a planar approximation) were evaluated using a 2D FFT algorithm [Forsberg R (1985) Gravity field terrain effect computations by FFT. Bull Geodesique 59:342-3601; Forsberg R (1997) Terrain effects in geoid computations. Lecture notes. International School for the Determination and Use of the Geoid, Rio de Janeiro, Sept 1997]. Ohioan terrain being substantially flat (on average about 330 +/- 160 m AMSL) produced terrain corrections which were, for the most part, at the sub-mGal level. However, these translated into a geoid contribution of about 0.039 +/- 0.038 m in the local model. A 1D FFT technique [Haagmans R, de Min E, von Gelderen M (1993) Fast evaluation of convolution integrals on the sphere using 1D FFT, and a comparison with existing methods for Stokes' integral. Manuscripta Geodaetica 18:227-241] was used to evaluate the Stokes' integral [Heiskanen WA, Moritz H (1967) Physical geodesy, W. H. Freeman, San Francisco, CA] over a 5 degrees x 5 degrees region on a 5 ' x 5 ' grid encompassing the state of Ohio and its environs.
This local geoid model was used as a reference solution for statistical comparisons made to subsequently computed geoid determinations (over the same region) in which the latter had been evaluated using surface gravity and height data sets subjected to simulated zero-mean Gaussian-distributed random errors of homogeneous spatial distribution. While EGM2008 was assumed to be perfect, the standard deviation of the errors applied to the surface gravity ranged from +/- 0.1 to +/- 5 mGal while those associated with the height data (of both the gravity and the DEM) ranged from +/- 0.5 to +/- 20 m. For each Gaussian dispersion utilized, 100 simulated error-prone data sets were selected and their associated geoid solutions determined using the same Stokes/FFT algorithms which were used to evaluate the aforementioned reference geoid model. Summary statistics were evaluated for each set of the 100 "randomized" geoid models relative to the reference solution, allowing for an evaluation of the potential impact of random errors present in the input height and gravity data on the local geoid solution in Ohio.
It was found that simulated height errors which were +/- 10 m or less produced a 1 cm (1 sigma) accurate local geoid while those in excess did not. RMS differences of 1-1.6 cm occurred on application of gravity errors of +/- 3 to +/- 5 mGal, prohibiting the possibility of achieving a cm-accurate geoid. Based on the results of this study, it was concluded that minimum requirements for a cm accurate geoid determination in Ohio would be a combination of gravity and height data accurate up to about the +/- 3 mGal and +/- 10 m levels, respectively.
Future studies will be conducted using updated gravity and height data sets. In addition the geoid height error analysis would account for (1) the implementation of a spatially-heterogeneous error modeling scheme based on surface gravity data density and (2) simulated random errors in the global geopotential model used in concert with the surface gravity and height data sets.
C1 [Edwards, K. R.; Grejner-Brzezinska, Dorota] Ohio State Univ, Satellite Positioning & Inertial Nav SPIN Lab, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Smith, Dru] US Natl Geodet Survey, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Edwards, KR (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Satellite Positioning & Inertial Nav SPIN Lab, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
EM edwards.582@buckeyemail.osu.edu
RI Symposia, IAG/K-2857-2012
FU Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT)
FX This study is one aspect of Height Modernization investigations being
conducted for the state of Ohio and being supported by the Ohio
Department of Transportation (ODOT). We are grateful to ODOTs Mr. John
Ray for his support of this project.
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0939-9585
BN 978-3-642-20338-1; 978-3-642-20337-4
J9 IAG SYMP
PY 2012
VL 136
BP 469
EP 476
DI 10.1007/978-3-642-20338-1_57
PG 8
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing
SC Geology; Remote Sensing
GA BYU53
UT WOS:000300433100057
ER
PT J
AU Saylor, RD
Stein, AF
AF Saylor, R. D.
Stein, A. F.
TI Identifying the causes of differences in ozone production from the CB05
and CBMIV chemical mechanisms
SO GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID CMAQ MODELING SYSTEM; PHOTOCHEMICAL MECHANISMS; PREDICTIONS; CB4
AB An investigation was conducted to identify the mechanistic differences between two versions of the carbon bond gas-phase chemical mechanism (CB05 and CBMIV) which consistently lead to larger ground-level ozone concentrations being produced in the CB05 version of the National Air Quality Forecasting Capability (NAQFC) modeling system even though the two parallel forecast systems utilize the same meteorology and base emissions and similar initial and boundary conditions. Box models of each of the mechanisms as they are implemented in the NAQFC were created and a set of 12 sensitivity simulations was designed. The sensitivity simulations independently probed the conceptual mechanistic differences between CB05 and CBMIV and were exercised over a 45-scenario simulation suite designed to emulate the wide range of chemical regimes encountered in a continental-scale atmospheric chemistry model. Results of the sensitivity simulations indicate that two sets of reactions that were included in the CB05 mechanism, but which were absent from the CBMIV mechanism, are the primary causes of the greater ozone production in the CB05 version of the NAQFC. One set of reactions recycles the higher organic peroxide species of CB05 (ROOH), resulting in additional photochemically reactive products that act to produce additional ozone in some chemical regimes. The other set of reactions recycles reactive nitrogen from less reactive forms back to NO2, increasing the effective NOx concentration of the system. In particular, the organic nitrate species (NTR), which was a terminal product for reactive nitrogen in the CBMIV mechanism, acts as a reservoir species in CB05 to redistribute NOx from major source areas to potentially NOx-sensitive areas where additional ozone may be produced in areas remote from direct NOx sources.
C1 [Saylor, R. D.] NOAA, Air Resources Lab, Atmospher Turbulence & Diffus Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Stein, A. F.] Earth Resources Technol Inc, Laurel, MD USA.
RP Saylor, RD (reprint author), NOAA, Air Resources Lab, Atmospher Turbulence & Diffus Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
EM rick.saylor@noaa.gov
RI Stein, Ariel/G-1330-2012; Saylor, Rick/D-1252-2014; Stein, Ariel
F/L-9724-2014
OI Saylor, Rick/0000-0003-4835-8290; Stein, Ariel F/0000-0002-9560-9198
NR 13
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 12
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1991-959X
J9 GEOSCI MODEL DEV
JI Geosci. Model Dev.
PY 2012
VL 5
IS 1
BP 257
EP 268
DI 10.5194/gmd-5-257-2012
PG 12
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 900HT
UT WOS:000300878300016
ER
PT J
AU Li, B
Toll, D
Zhan, X
Cosgrove, B
AF Li, B.
Toll, D.
Zhan, X.
Cosgrove, B.
TI Improving estimated soil moisture fields through assimilation of AMSR-E
soil moisture retrievals with an ensemble Kalman filter and a mass
conservation constraint
SO HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID LAND DATA ASSIMILATION; SURFACE MODEL; SYSTEM NLDAS; INFORMATION-SYSTEM;
ALTIMETER DATA; TEMPERATURE; PREDICTION; FRAMEWORK; EQUATION; PRODUCTS
AB Model simulated soil moisture fields are often biased due to errors in input parameters and deficiencies in model physics. Satellite derived soil moisture estimates, if retrieved appropriately, represent the spatial mean of near surface soil moisture in a footprint area, and can be used to reduce bias of model estimates (at locations near the surface) through data assimilation techniques. While assimilating the retrievals can reduce bias, it can also destroy the mass balance enforced by the model governing equation because water is removed from or added to the soil by the assimilation algorithm. In addition, studies have shown that assimilation of surface observations can adversely impact soil moisture estimates in the lower soil layers due to imperfect model physics, even though the bias near the surface is decreased. In this study, an ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) with a mass conservation updating scheme was developed to assimilate Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR-E) soil moisture retrievals, as they are without any scaling or preprocessing, to improve the estimated soil moisture fields by the Noah land surface model. Assimilation results using the conventional and the mass conservation updating scheme in the Little Washita watershed of Oklahoma showed that, while both updating schemes reduced the bias in the shallow root zone, the mass conservation scheme provided better estimates in the deeper profile. The mass conservation scheme also yielded physically consistent estimates of fluxes and maintained the water budget. Impacts of model physics on the assimilation results are discussed.
C1 [Li, B.] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Li, B.; Toll, D.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Hydrol Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Zhan, X.] NOAA NESDIS Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Cosgrove, B.] NOAA NWS Off Hydrol Dev, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Li, B (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM bailing.li@nasa.gov
RI Zhan, Xiwu/F-5487-2010
FU NOAA; NASA
FX The work was supported by the NOAA Climate Prediction Program for
America and NASA Terrestrial Hydrology Program. We thank the Department
of Energy, the Department of Agriculture and US Geological Survey for
making ground based measurements available in the public domain and the
two anonymous reviewers for their comments and suggestions which helped
improving the quality of this paper.
NR 45
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 15
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1027-5606
EI 1607-7938
J9 HYDROL EARTH SYST SC
JI Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.
PY 2012
VL 16
IS 1
BP 105
EP 119
DI 10.5194/hess-16-105-2012
PG 15
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 891QY
UT WOS:000300232900008
ER
PT J
AU Buckel, CA
Blanchette, CA
Warner, RR
Gaines, SD
AF Buckel, Christine A.
Blanchette, Carol Anne
Warner, Robert R.
Gaines, Steven D.
TI Where a male is hard to find: consequences of male rarity in the
surfgrass Phyllospadix torreyi
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Pollen limitation; Sex ratio; Sex bias; Dispersal; Seed viability;
Seagrass; Reproductive failure; Dioecy
ID ZOSTERA-MARINA L; SEAGRASS AMPHIBOLIS-ANTARCTICA; POLLEN-LIMITATION;
SEX-RATIOS; SUBMARINE POLLINATION; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; PLANT
REPRODUCTION; SEED SET; FOREST FRAGMENTATION; DISPERSAL
AB Determining whether seed production is limited by pollen availability has been an area of intensive study. Past studies have focused largely on terrestrial species with biotic pollination modes, but precise causes and consequences of pollen limitation remain unknown. Here, sex ratio, seed production, seed recruitment, and viability were examined in intertidal populations of a dioecious, abiotically pollinated marine angiosperm, Phyllospadix torreyi (Torrey's surfgrass). Using field surveys and a common garden experiment, this study was conducted near Santa Barbara, California, USA, from 2007 to 2008. Reproduction and recruitment of P. torreyi primarily occur near the parental source (tens of meters) because female reproductive success ratio (RSR, measured as the ratio of fertilized ovules to total ovules) increased with local pollen production (RSR range: 0.02-0.71), and seed recruitment was predicted by local (site) seed production and elevation zone within the intertidal. Low RSR at sites with extreme male rarity (<0.3 male flowering shoots m(-2)) suggests that pollen limitation is occurring within this system. Seed recruitment was predicted by local (site) seed production and elevation zone (area of potential seed recruitment within the intertidal). The occurrence of seed production and recruitment at sites with extreme male rarity suggests some dispersal of seeds and pollen extending beyond the immediate vicinity of the site. Pollen or seed dispersal over longer distances, although rare, may reduce habitat fragmentation by facilitating colonization of newly available habitat. Localized pollen availability affected seed quantity but not quality; seed germination and growth were uniform among sites.
C1 [Blanchette, Carol Anne] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Ecol Evolut & Marine Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Blanchette, Carol Anne] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Marine Sci Inst, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Buckel, Christine A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Interdept Grad Program Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP Buckel, CA (reprint author), Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Ctr Coastal Fisheries & Habitat Res, 101 Pivers Isl Rd, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
EM christine.addison@noaa.gov
RI Warner, Robert/M-5342-2013
OI Warner, Robert/0000-0002-3299-5685
FU University of California, Santa Barbara; National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service, Center for
Coastal Fisheries and Habitat Research
FX This research was funded by the Interdepartmental Graduate Program in
Marine Science (IGPMS) at the University of California, Santa Barbara,
and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National
Ocean Service, Center for Coastal Fisheries and Habitat Research. We
thank J. Buckel for assistance with the manuscript and the many PISCO
students and other volunteers who worked long, sleepless nights
assisting with field surveys, particularly J. A. Macfarland, L. Dally,
L. Herrera, and E. Pagaling. This is PISCO publication number 404.
NR 57
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 17
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2012
VL 449
BP 121
EP 132
DI 10.3354/meps09576
PG 12
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 904XF
UT WOS:000301231500010
ER
PT J
AU Clements, C
Bonito, V
Grober-Dunsmore, R
Sobey, M
AF Clements, Cody
Bonito, Victor
Grober-Dunsmore, Rikki
Sobey, Milika
TI Effects of small, Fijian community-based marine protected areas on
exploited reef fishes
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Resource management; Coral reefs; Locally managed marine areas;
Tag-recapture; Conservation; Fiji
ID LIFE-HISTORY; RESERVES; AGE; MANAGEMENT; ISLANDS; MATTER; SIZE;
FECUNDITY; RESPONSES; CLOSURES
AB No-take marine protected areas (MPAs) are commonly applied in community-based management schemes to sustain and enhance coral-reef fisheries. However, many MPAs in Fiji and the South Pacific are relatively small (<= 1 km(2)), and few data exist regarding the effects of these MPAs on populations of exploited species. We used hook-and-line fishing surveys to assess whether 4 relatively small (<1 km(2)) community-based MPAs in Fiji (3 current, 1 former) were providing any commonly sought benefits to exploited reef-fish stocks. All of the MPAs had maintained no-take status for over 4 yr, although the former MPA was opened to fishing 4 mo before this study. The current MPAs exhibited significantly greater catch and biomass per unit effort, individual fish biomass, and/or percentage of reproductive-size fish than paired, adjacent fished areas, while this was not the case with the former MPA. Sites with intact MPAs also exhibited greater catch diversity than the former MPA site. Additionally, tag and recapture data from the 17 recaptured of 2650 tagged fish suggest site fidelity of these fishes, although fishes initially captured in the MPA at all 4 sites were later caught in fished areas, indicating that there is movement of fishes from the MPAs to fished areas. While the combination of these findings supports the utility of even relatively small MPAs as effective tools for the conservation of certain target species, it also suggests that MPA benefits may be quickly depleted and that even closures of extended duration may be insufficient for long-term fisheries management if the MPAs are not maintained.
C1 [Bonito, Victor] Reef Explorer Fiji Ltd, Votua Village, Korolevu, Fiji.
[Clements, Cody] Univ S Pacific, Sch Marine Studies, Suva, Fiji.
[Grober-Dunsmore, Rikki] Univ S Pacific, Inst Appl Sci, Suva, Fiji.
[Sobey, Milika] Univ S Pacific, Sch Biol Chem & Environm Sci, Suva, Fiji.
[Clements, Cody] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Biol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Grober-Dunsmore, Rikki] NOAA, Monterey, CA 93940 USA.
RP Bonito, V (reprint author), Reef Explorer Fiji Ltd, Votua Village, Box 183, Korolevu, Fiji.
EM staghorncoral@hotmail.com
FU NOAA [NA08NOS4630338]
FX We thank B. Donaldson, A. Bogiva, and the villagers of the
Korolevu-I-Wai and Komave districts in Fiji for their assistance with
data collection. We also thank J. Comley for his constructive comments
during various stages of this project, as well as M. Hay, D. Rasher, and
anonymous reviewers for constructive comments on a previous draft of
this manuscript. This research was supported by generous funding from
the NOAA International Coral Reef Conservation Program (award
NA08NOS4630338).
NR 64
TC 7
Z9 9
U1 6
U2 41
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2012
VL 449
BP 233
EP 243
DI 10.3354/meps09554
PG 11
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 904XF
UT WOS:000301231500019
ER
PT J
AU Smolowitz, R
Milliken, HO
Weeks, M
AF Smolowitz, Ronald
Milliken, Henry O.
Weeks, Matthew
TI Design, Evolution, and Assessment of a Sea Turtle Deflector Dredge for
the U.S. Northwest Atlantic Sea Scallop Fishery: Impacts on Fish Bycatch
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
AB Between May 2006 and November 2009 we tested five sequential dredge modifications during 37 trips on 13 different sea scallop fishing vessels. The testing evaluated the impacts of these modifications on the catch of sea scallops Placopecten magellanicus, the bycatch of fish and sea turtles in the families Cheloniidae and Dermochelyidae, and frame durability. We tested the modified dredges and an original New Bedford dredge (control) by conducting paired, side-by-side tows using identical tow parameters. A total of 4,059 paired tows were conducted in which tow data, scallop catch, and bycatch were recorded; data from 44% of the tows were sufficiently sampled for comparisons of bycatch. The dredge catches showed a significant 3% increase in sea scallop catch and significant decreases in the bycatch of many species, including yellowtail flounder Limanda ferruginea (46%), winter flounder Pseudopleuronectes americanus (69%), barndoor skate Dipturus laevis (18%), and winter skate Leucoraja ocellata (20%). The final design, the CFarm turtle deflector dredge, proved effective at guiding turtle carcasses over the top of the dredge by eliminating most of the bale bars and forming a ramp with a forward-positioned cutting bar and closely spaced struts leading back at a 45 degrees angle. The final design also proved effective in reducing bycatch for a number of nontarget fish species. Flow characterizations in a flume tank provided insight into the cutting bar and frame hydrodynamics that may explain the field trial results.
C1 [Smolowitz, Ronald; Weeks, Matthew] Coonamessett Farm Inc, E Falmouth, MA 02536 USA.
[Milliken, Henry O.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Smolowitz, R (reprint author), Coonamessett Farm Inc, 277 Hatchville Rd, E Falmouth, MA 02536 USA.
EM cfarm@capecod.net
NR 18
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 16
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PY 2012
VL 32
IS 1
BP 65
EP 76
DI 10.1080/02755947.2012.661386
PG 12
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 902NW
UT WOS:000301046200009
ER
PT J
AU Stark, JW
AF Stark, James W.
TI Contrasting Maturation and Growth of Northern Rock Sole in the Eastern
Bering Sea and Gulf of Alaska for the Purpose of Stock Management
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Editorial Material
AB The primary purpose of this study was to provide commercial fishery managers with the age- and length-at-maturity information about northern rock sole Lepidopsetta polyxystra needed for them to set a sustainable overfishing limit and evaluate the precision of the two predictors of maturity. The estimated length at which 50% of eastern Bering Sea female northern rock sole matured (L-50) was 309 mm, which was significantly smaller than that for Gulf of Alaska females. We determined that the differences in L-50 between populations were probably the result of differences in the rate of female growth. Growth was significantly faster in the Gulf of Alaska than in the eastern Bering Sea during 1996 and 1999. However, by 2007 the growth rates were similar between these areas. The variability in growth was correlated with seawater temperature. There were also differences in the age at which 50% of the females matured (A(50)) between the populations in the eastern Bering Sea (9 years) and the Gulf of Alaska (7 years). In contrast, within the eastern Bering Sea, females maintained a similar A(50) over several years, which indicates that age is the most reliable predictor of maturity for northern rock sole.
C1 NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Resource Assessment & Conservat Engn Div, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Stark, JW (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Resource Assessment & Conservat Engn Div, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM jim.stark@noaa.gov
RI Stark, James/E-1868-2012
NR 21
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 4
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PY 2012
VL 32
IS 1
BP 93
EP 99
DI 10.1080/02755947.2012.655845
PG 7
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 902NW
UT WOS:000301046200013
ER
PT J
AU Rosales, AM
Murnen, HK
Kline, SR
Zuckermann, RN
Segalman, RA
AF Rosales, Adrianne M.
Murnen, Hannah K.
Kline, Steven R.
Zuckermann, Ronald N.
Segalman, Rachel A.
TI Determination of the persistence length of helical and non-helical
polypeptoids in solution
SO SOFT MATTER
LA English
DT Article
ID SEQUENCE-SPECIFIC POLYPEPTOIDS; AROMATIC SIDE-CHAINS; SECONDARY
STRUCTURE; PEPTOID OLIGOMERS; LIGHT-SCATTERING; PROTEINS; CIS;
CONFORMATIONS; ISOMERIZATION; POLYMERS
AB Control over the shape of a polymer chain is desirable from a materials perspective because polymer stiffness is directly related to chain characteristics such as liquid crystallinity and entanglement, which in turn are related to mechanical properties. However, the relationship between main chain helicity in novel biologically derived and inspired polymers and chain stiffness (persistence length) is relatively poorly understood. Polypeptoids, or poly(N-substituted glycines), constitute a modular, biomimetic system that enables precise tuning of chain sequence and are therefore a good model system for understanding the interrelationship between monomer structure, helicity, and persistence length. The incorporation of bulky chiral monomers is known to cause main chain helicity in polypeptoids. Here, we show that helical polypeptoid chains have a flexibility nearly identical to an analogous random coil polypeptoid as observed via small angle neutron scattering (SANS). Additionally, our findings show that polypeptoids with aromatic phenyl side chains are inherently flexible with persistence lengths ranging from 0.5 to 1 nm.
C1 [Zuckermann, Ronald N.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Rosales, Adrianne M.; Murnen, Hannah K.; Segalman, Rachel A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Kline, Steven R.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Zuckermann, RN (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM rnzuckermann@lbl.gov; segalman@berkeley.edu
RI Zuckermann, Ronald/A-7606-2014;
OI Zuckermann, Ronald/0000-0002-3055-8860; Segalman,
Rachel/0000-0002-4292-5103
FU Office of Naval Research; National Science Foundation; Department of
Defense; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S.
Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Science Foundation
[DMR-0454672]; Office of Biological and Environmental Research; DOE
[DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX We gratefully acknowledge funding from the Office of Naval Research via
a Presidential Early Career Award in Science and Engineering. A.M.R. and
H.K.M also gratefully acknowledge the National Science Foundation and
the Department of Defense for graduate fellowships (respectively).
Polypeptoid synthesis and associated chemical characterization were
performed at the Molecular Foundry, a Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory user facility supported by the Office of Science, Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract
DE-AC02-05CH11231. The neutron scattering in this work is based on
activities at the NIST Center for Neutron Research, which is supported
in part by the National Science Foundation under Agreement No.
DMR-0454672. Certain trade names and company products are identified to
adequately specify the experimental procedure. In no case does such
identification imply recommendation or endorsement by the National
Institute of Standards and Technology, nor does it imply that the
products are necessarily best for the purpose. A portion of this
research was also performed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The
authors thank Dr Volker S. Urban at Oak Ridge National Laboratory for
assistance on SANS data collection. The SANS studies at Oak Ridge
National Laboratory's Center for Structural Molecular Biology were
supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research, using
facilities supported by the DOE, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, under
Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725.
NR 38
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 2
U2 48
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1744-683X
J9 SOFT MATTER
JI Soft Matter
PY 2012
VL 8
IS 13
BP 3673
EP 3680
DI 10.1039/c2sm07092h
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics,
Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science
GA 904LN
UT WOS:000301198100022
ER
PT J
AU Wong, KW
Tsai, C
Lefer, B
Haman, C
Grossberg, N
Brune, WH
Ren, X
Luke, W
Stutz, J
AF Wong, K. W.
Tsai, C.
Lefer, B.
Haman, C.
Grossberg, N.
Brune, W. H.
Ren, X.
Luke, W.
Stutz, J.
TI Daytime HONO vertical gradients during SHARP 2009 in Houston, TX
SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID DIFFERENTIAL OPTICAL-ABSORPTION; NITRIC-ACID PHOTOLYSIS; NITROUS-ACID;
BOUNDARY-LAYER; OH RADICALS; PHOTOCHEMICAL PRODUCTION; URBAN ATMOSPHERE;
MAJOR SOURCE; GASEOUS NO2; EXCITED NO2
AB Nitrous Acid (HONO) plays an important role in tropospheric chemistry as a precursor of the hydroxyl radical (OH), the most important oxidizing agent in the atmosphere. Nevertheless, the formation mechanisms of HONO are still not completely understood. Recent field observations found unexpectedly high daytime HONO concentrations in both urban and rural areas, which point to unrecognized, most likely photolytically enhanced HONO sources. Several gas-phase, aerosol, and ground surface chemistry mechanisms have been proposed to explain elevated daytime HONO, but atmospheric evidence to favor one over the others is still weak. New information on whether HONO formation occurs in the gas-phase, on aerosol, or at the ground may be derived from observations of the vertical distribution of HONO and its precursor nitrogen dioxide, NO2, as well as from its dependence on solar irradiance or actinic flux.
Here we present field observations of HONO, NO2 and other trace gases in three altitude intervals (30-70 m, 70-130m and 130-300 m) using UCLA's long path DOAS instrument, as well as in situ measurements of OH, NO, photolysis frequencies and solar irradiance, made in Houston, TX, during the Study of Houston Atmospheric Radical Precursor (SHARP) experiment from 20 April to 30 May 2009. The observed HONO mixing ratios were often ten times larger than the expected photostationary state with OH and NO. Larger HONO mixing ratios observed near the ground than aloft imply, but do not clearly prove, that the daytime source of HONO was located at or near the ground. Using a pseudo steady-state (PSS) approach, we calculated the missing day-time HONO formation rates, P-unknown, on four sunny days. The NO2-normalized P-unknown, P-norm, showed a clear symmetrical diurnal variation with a maximum around noontime, which was well correlated with actinic flux (NO2 photolysis frequency) and solar irradiance. This behavior, which was found on all clear days in Houston, is a strong indication of a photolytic HONO source. [HONO]/[NO2] ratios also showed a clear diurnal profile, with maxima of 2-3% around noon. PSS calculations show that this behavior cannot be explained by the proposed gas-phase reaction of photo-excited NO2 (NO2*) or any other gas-phase or aerosol photolytic process occurring at similar or longer wavelengths than that of HONO photolysis. HONO formation by aerosol nitrate photolysis in the UV also seems to be unlikely.
P-norm correlated better with solar irradiance (average R-2 = 0.85/0.87 for visible/UV) than with actinic flux (R-2 = 0.76) on the four sunny days, clearly pointing to HONO being formed at the ground rather than on the aerosol or in the gas-phase. In addition, the observed [HONO]/[NO2] diurnal variation can be explained if the formation of HONO depends on solar irradiance, but not if it depends on the actinic flux. The vertical mixing ratio profiles, together with the stronger correlation with solar irradiance, support the idea that photolytically enhanced NO2 to HONO conversion on the ground was the dominant source of HONO in Houston.
C1 [Wong, K. W.; Tsai, C.; Stutz, J.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Lefer, B.; Haman, C.; Grossberg, N.] Univ Houston, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
[Brune, W. H.] Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Ren, X.; Luke, W.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Air Resources Lab, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Stutz, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
EM jochen@atmos.ucla.edu
RI Stutz, Jochen/K-7159-2014; Luke, Winston/D-1594-2016; Ren,
Xinrong/E-7838-2015
OI Luke, Winston/0000-0002-1993-2241; Ren, Xinrong/0000-0001-9974-1666
FU State of Texas through the Texas Commission of Environmental Quality;
Houston Advanced Research Center; University of Texas; National Science
Foundation (NSF)
FX This work was funded by the State of Texas through the Texas Commission
of Environmental Quality, the Houston Advanced Research Center, and the
Air Quality Research Program of the University of Texas. Funding was
also provided by the National Science Foundation (NSF) Career Award.
NR 61
TC 53
Z9 54
U1 4
U2 59
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1680-7316
EI 1680-7324
J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS
JI Atmos. Chem. Phys.
PY 2012
VL 12
IS 2
BP 635
EP 652
DI 10.5194/acp-12-635-2012
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 892YL
UT WOS:000300321500002
ER
PT J
AU McComiskey, A
Feingold, G
AF McComiskey, A.
Feingold, G.
TI The scale problem in quantifying aerosol indirect effects
SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; BOUNDARY-LAYER CLOUDS; AREAL UNIT PROBLEM;
SATELLITE DATA; STRATOCUMULUS CLOUDS; RADIATIVE PROPERTIES; EFFECTIVE
RADIUS; OPTICAL DEPTH; CLIMATE; PARAMETERIZATIONS
AB A wide range of estimates exists for the radiative forcing of the aerosol effect on cloud albedo. We argue that a component of this uncertainty derives from the use of a wide range of observational scales and platforms. Aerosol influences cloud properties at the microphysical scale, or the "process scale", but observations are most often made of bulk properties over a wide range of resolutions, or "analysis scales". We show that differences between process and analysis scales incur biases in quantification of the albedo effect through the impact that data aggregation and computational approach have on statistical properties of the aerosol or cloud variable, and their covariance. Measures made within this range of scales are erroneously treated as equivalent, leading to a large uncertainty in associated radiative forcing estimates. Issues associated with the coarsening of observational resolution particular to quantifying the albedo effect are discussed. Specifically, the omission of the constraint on cloud liquid water path and the separation in space of cloud and aerosol properties from passive, space-based remote sensors dampen the measured strength of the albedo effect. We argue that, because of this lack of constraints, many of these values are in fact more representative of the full range of aerosol-cloud interactions and their associated feedbacks. Based on our understanding of these biases we propose a new observationally-based and process-model-constrained, method for estimating aerosol-cloud interactions that can be used for radiative forcing estimates as well as a better characterization of the uncertainties associated with those estimates.
C1 [McComiskey, A.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[McComiskey, A.; Feingold, G.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
RP McComiskey, A (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM allison.mccomiskey@noaa.gov
RI Feingold, Graham/B-6152-2009; McComiskey, Allison/I-3933-2013; Manager,
CSD Publications/B-2789-2015
OI McComiskey, Allison/0000-0002-6125-742X;
FU Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of Energy [DE-SC0002037]
FX This research was supported by the Office of Science (BER), U.S.
Department of Energy, Interagency Agreement No. DE-SC0002037. We thank
Hailong Wang for providing the cloud resolving model fields in Fig. 5.
NR 71
TC 51
Z9 51
U1 2
U2 22
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1680-7316
J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS
JI Atmos. Chem. Phys.
PY 2012
VL 12
IS 2
BP 1031
EP 1049
DI 10.5194/acp-12-1031-2012
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 892YL
UT WOS:000300321500028
ER
PT J
AU Stiller, GP
Kiefer, M
Eckert, E
von Clarmann, T
Kellmann, S
Garcia-Comas, M
Funke, B
Leblanc, T
Fetzer, E
Froidevaux, L
Gomez, M
Hall, E
Hurst, D
Jordan, A
Kampfer, N
Lambert, A
McDermid, IS
McGee, T
Miloshevich, L
Nedoluha, G
Read, W
Schneider, M
Schwartz, M
Straub, C
Toon, G
Twigg, LW
Walker, K
Whiteman, DN
AF Stiller, G. P.
Kiefer, M.
Eckert, E.
von Clarmann, T.
Kellmann, S.
Garcia-Comas, M.
Funke, B.
Leblanc, T.
Fetzer, E.
Froidevaux, L.
Gomez, M.
Hall, E.
Hurst, D.
Jordan, A.
Kaempfer, N.
Lambert, A.
McDermid, I. S.
McGee, T.
Miloshevich, L.
Nedoluha, G.
Read, W.
Schneider, M.
Schwartz, M.
Straub, C.
Toon, G.
Twigg, L. W.
Walker, K.
Whiteman, D. N.
TI Validation of MIPAS IMK/IAA temperature, water vapor, and ozone profiles
with MOHAVE-2009 campaign measurements
SO ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
LA English
DT Article
ID LIMB EMISSION-SPECTRA; ATMOSPHERIC SOUNDING MIPAS; MICHELSON
INTERFEROMETER; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; LOWER STRATOSPHERE; UPPER
TROPOSPHERE; BOARD ENVISAT; RAMAN LIDAR; RETRIEVAL; MIPAS/ENVISAT
AB MIPAS observations of temperature, water vapor, and ozone in October 2009 as derived with the scientific level-2 processor run by Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK) and CSIC, Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia (IAA) and retrieved from version 4.67 level-1b data have been compared to co-located field campaign observations obtained during the MOHAVE-2009 campaign at the Table Mountain Facility near Pasadena, California in October 2009. The MIPAS measurements were validated regarding any potential biases of the profiles, and with respect to their precision estimates. The MOHAVE-2009 measurement campaign provided measurements of atmospheric profiles of temperature, water vapor/relative humidity, and ozone from the ground to the mesosphere by a suite of instruments including radiosondes, ozonesondes, frost point hygrometers, lidars, microwave radiometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. For MIPAS temperatures (version V4O_T_204), no significant bias was detected in the middle stratosphere; between 22 km and the tropopause MIPAS temperatures were found to be biased low by up to 2 K, while below the tropopause, they were found to be too high by the same amount. These findings confirm earlier comparisons of MIPAS temperatures to ECMWF data which revealed similar differences. Above 12 km up to 45 km, MIPAS water vapor (version V4O_H2O_203) is well within 10% of the data of all correlative instruments. The well-known dry bias of MIPAS water vapor above 50 km due to neglect of non-LTE effects in the current retrievals has been confirmed. Some instruments indicate that MIPAS water vapor might be biased high by 20 to 40% around 10 km (or 5 km below the tropopause), but a consistent picture from all comparisons could not be derived. MIPAS ozone (version V4O_O3_202) has a high bias of up to +0.9 ppmv around 37 km which is due to a non-identified continuum like radiance contribution. No further significant biases have been detected. Cross-comparison to co-located observations of other satellite instruments (Aura/MLS, ACE-FTS, AIRS) is provided as well.
C1 [Stiller, G. P.; Kiefer, M.; Eckert, E.; von Clarmann, T.; Kellmann, S.; Schneider, M.] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Meteorol & Climate Res, Karlsruhe, Germany.
[Garcia-Comas, M.; Funke, B.] CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, Granada, Spain.
[Leblanc, T.; McDermid, I. S.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Wrightwood, CA USA.
[Fetzer, E.; Froidevaux, L.; Lambert, A.; Read, W.; Schwartz, M.; Toon, G.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Hall, E.; Hurst, D.; Jordan, A.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Global Monitoring Div, Boulder, CO USA.
[Hall, E.; Hurst, D.; Jordan, A.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Kaempfer, N.; Straub, C.] Univ Bern, Inst Appl Phys, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
[McGee, T.; Whiteman, D. N.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Atmospheres Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Miloshevich, L.] Milo Sci LLC, Lafayette, CO USA.
[Gomez, M.; Nedoluha, G.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Twigg, L. W.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD USA.
[Walker, K.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada.
RP Stiller, GP (reprint author), Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Meteorol & Climate Res, Karlsruhe, Germany.
EM gabriele.stiller@kit.edu
RI Stiller, Gabriele/A-7340-2013; von Clarmann, Thomas/A-7287-2013; Kiefer,
Michael/A-7254-2013; Schneider, Matthias/B-1441-2013; McGee,
Thomas/G-4951-2013; Garcia-Comas, Maya/E-4050-2014; Funke,
Bernd/C-2162-2008; Hurst, Dale/D-1554-2016; Schwartz,
Michael/F-5172-2016
OI Stiller, Gabriele/0000-0003-2883-6873; von Clarmann,
Thomas/0000-0003-2219-3379; Garcia-Comas, Maya/0000-0003-2323-4486;
Funke, Bernd/0000-0003-0462-4702; Hurst, Dale/0000-0002-6315-2322;
Schwartz, Michael/0000-0001-6169-5094
FU NASA; German Federal Ministry of Education and Research [50EE0901];
Naval Research Laboratory; ESA; Canadian Space Agency (CSA); Natural
Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)
FX The MOHAVE-2009 campaign was partly funded by the NASA Upper Atmosphere
Research Program. The work by KIT was partly funded by the German
Federal Ministry of Education and Research under contract no. 50EE0901.
G. E. Nedoluha and R. M. Gomez were funded by NASA under the Upper
Atmosphere Research Program and by the Naval Research Laboratory. M.
Garcia-Comas was supported by the CHOCOLATE project by ESA within the
framework of the Changing Earth Science Network Initiative. AIRS and MLS
data were obtained through the Goddard Earth Sciences Data and
Information Services Center (http://daac.gsfc.nasa.gov/). The
Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE), also known as SCISAT, is a
Canadian-led mission mainly supported by the Canadian Space Agency (CSA)
and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
(NSERC). The authors acknowledge ESA for providing MIPAS L1b data. GS
and TvC would like to thank F. Hase, KIT, for helpful discussions. The
authors are grateful to two anonymous reviewers who helped to improve
the manuscript with constructive and supportive comments.
NR 59
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PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1867-1381
EI 1867-8548
J9 ATMOS MEAS TECH
JI Atmos. Meas. Tech.
PY 2012
VL 5
IS 2
BP 289
EP 320
DI 10.5194/amt-5-289-2012
PG 32
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 900HD
UT WOS:000300876700003
ER
PT J
AU Mariani, Z
Strong, K
Wolff, M
Rowe, P
Walden, V
Fogal, PF
Duck, T
Lesins, G
Turner, DS
Cox, C
Eloranta, E
Drummond, JR
Roy, C
Turner, DD
Hudak, D
Lindenmaier, IA
AF Mariani, Z.
Strong, K.
Wolff, M.
Rowe, P.
Walden, V.
Fogal, P. F.
Duck, T.
Lesins, G.
Turner, D. S.
Cox, C.
Eloranta, E.
Drummond, J. R.
Roy, C.
Turner, D. D.
Hudak, D.
Lindenmaier, I. A.
TI Infrared measurements in the Arctic using two Atmospheric Emitted
Radiance Interferometers
SO ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
LA English
DT Article
ID RESPONSIVITY-BASED CRITERION; WATER-VAPOR; EMISSION-SPECTRA; ACCURATE
CALIBRATION; CLOUD PROPERTIES; CARBON-MONOXIDE; FTIR; ANTARCTICA;
PROFILES; DESIGN
AB The Extended-range Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer (E-AERI) is a moderate resolution (1 cm(-1)) Fourier transform infrared spectrometer for measuring the absolute downwelling infrared spectral radiance from the atmosphere between 400 and 3000 cm(-1). The extended spectral range of the instrument permits monitoring of the 400-550 cm(-1) (20-25 mu m) region, where most of the infrared surface cooling currently occurs in the dry air of the Arctic. Spectra from the E-AERI have the potential to provide information about radiative balance, trace gases, and cloud properties in the Canadian high Arctic. Calibration, performance evaluation, and certification of the E-AERI were performed at the University of Wisconsin Space Science and Engineering Centre from September to October 2008. The instrument was then installed at the Polar Environment Atmospheric Research Laboratory (PEARL) Ridge Lab (610m altitude) at Eureka, Nunavut, in October 2008, where it acquired one year of data. Measurements are taken every seven minutes year-round, including polar night when the solar-viewing spectrometers at PEARL are not operated. A similar instrument, the University of Idaho's Polar AERI (P-AERI), was installed at the Zero-altitude PEARL Auxiliary Laboratory (0PAL), 15 km away from the PEARL Ridge Lab, from March 2006 to June 2009. During the period of overlap, these two instruments provided calibrated radiance measurements from two altitudes. A fast line-by-line radiative transfer model is used to simulate the downwelling radiance at both altitudes; the largest differences (simulation-measurement) occur in spectral regions strongly influenced by atmospheric temperature and/or water vapour. The two AERI instruments at close proximity but located at two different altitudes are well-suited for investigating cloud forcing. As an example, it is shown that a thin, low ice cloud resulted in a 6% increase in irradiance. The presence of clouds creates a large surface radiative forcing in the Arctic, particularly in the 750-1200 cm(-1) region where the downwelling radiance is several times greater than clear-sky radiances, which is significantly larger than in other more humid regions.
C1 [Mariani, Z.; Strong, K.; Wolff, M.; Fogal, P. F.; Lindenmaier, I. A.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON, Canada.
[Wolff, M.] Norwegian Meteorol Inst, Oslo, Norway.
[Rowe, P.; Walden, V.; Cox, C.] Univ Idaho, Dept Geog, Moscow, ID 83843 USA.
[Fogal, P. F.; Hudak, D.] Environm Canada, Air Qual Res Div, Downsview, ON, Canada.
[Duck, T.; Lesins, G.; Drummond, J. R.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys, Halifax, NS B3H 3J5, Canada.
[Turner, D. S.] Environm Canada, Data Assimilat & Satellite Meteorol Res Sect, Downsview, ON, Canada.
[Eloranta, E.; Turner, D. D.] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Space Sci & Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Roy, C.] ABB Bomem, Quebec City, PQ, Canada.
[Turner, D. D.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Madison, WI USA.
[Turner, D. D.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Lindenmaier, I. A.] Thunder Bay Reg Res Inst, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada.
RP Mariani, Z (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON, Canada.
EM zmariani@atmosp.physics.utoronto.ca; strong@atmosp.physics.utoronto.ca;
mareile.wolff@met.no; prowe@harbornet.com; vonw@uidaho.edu;
pierre.fogal@utoronto.ca; tom.duck@dal.ca; glen.lesins@dal.ca;
shawn.turner@ec.gc.ca; ccox@vandals.uidaho.edu; eloranta@ssec.wisc.edu;
james.drummond@dal.ca; claude.b.roy@ca.abb.com; dave.turner@noaa.gov;
david.hudak@ec.gc.ca; ialindenmaier@atmosp.physics.utoronto.ca
RI Strong, Kimberly/D-2563-2012; Drummond, James/O-7467-2014; Cox,
Christopher/O-4276-2016
OI Cox, Christopher/0000-0003-2203-7173
FU Arctic Research Infrastructure Fund; Atlantic Innovation Fund/Nova
Scotia Research Innovation Trust; Canadian Foundation for Climate and
Atmospheric Science; Canadian Foundation for Innovation; Canadian Space
Agency (CSA); Environment Canada (EC); Government of Canada; Natural
Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC); Ontario Innovation
Trust; Ontario Research Fund; Indian and Northern Affairs Canada; Polar
Continental Shelf Program; CSA; EC; NSERC; Northern Student Training
Program; Eureka Weather Station
FX The Polar Environment Atmospheric Research Laboratory (PEARL) is
operated by the Canadian Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Change
(CANDAC). CANDAC/PEARL funding partners are: the Arctic Research
Infrastructure Fund, Atlantic Innovation Fund/Nova Scotia Research
Innovation Trust, Canadian Foundation for Climate and Atmospheric
Science, Canadian Foundation for Innovation, Canadian Space Agency
(CSA), Environment Canada (EC), Government of Canada International Polar
Year, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC), Ontario
Innovation Trust, Ontario Research Fund, Indian and Northern Affairs
Canada, and the Polar Continental Shelf Program. Spring visits to PEARL
were made as part of the Canadian Arctic ACE Validation Campaigns, led
by Kaley A. Walker and supported by CSA, EC, NSERC and the Northern
Student Training Program. Thanks to CANDAC operators Ashley Harrett,
Alexei Khmel, Paul Loewen, Oleg Mikhailov, Keith MacQuarrie and Matt
Okraszewski who have helped with the P-AERI and E-AERI measurements at
PEARL. Thanks to Stephane Lantagne from ABB Bomem for his work
installing the E-AERI at PEARL. Thanks also to the staff at the Eureka
Weather Station for their support and hospitality.
NR 38
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PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1867-1381
J9 ATMOS MEAS TECH
JI Atmos. Meas. Tech.
PY 2012
VL 5
IS 2
BP 329
EP 344
DI 10.5194/amt-5-329-2012
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 900HD
UT WOS:000300876700005
ER
PT J
AU Smirnov, A
Sayer, AM
Holben, BN
Hsu, NC
Sakerin, SM
Macke, A
Nelson, NB
Courcoux, Y
Smyth, TJ
Croot, P
Quinn, PK
Sciare, J
Gulev, SK
Piketh, S
Losno, R
Kinne, S
Radionov, VF
AF Smirnov, A.
Sayer, A. M.
Holben, B. N.
Hsu, N. C.
Sakerin, S. M.
Macke, A.
Nelson, N. B.
Courcoux, Y.
Smyth, T. J.
Croot, P.
Quinn, P. K.
Sciare, J.
Gulev, S. K.
Piketh, S.
Losno, R.
Kinne, S.
Radionov, V. F.
TI Effect of wind speed on aerosol optical depth over remote oceans, based
on data from the Maritime Aerosol Network
SO ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-SALT AEROSOL; SATELLITE RETRIEVALS; MARINE AEROSOL; NORTH-ATLANTIC;
IN-SITU; SURFACE; MODEL; AERONET; VARIABILITY; THICKNESS
AB The Maritime Aerosol Network (MAN) has been collecting data over the oceans since November 2006. The MAN archive provides a valuable resource for aerosol studies in maritime environments. In the current paper we investigate correlations between ship-borne aerosol optical depth (AOD) and near-surface wind speed, either measured (on-board or from satellite) or modeled (NCEP). According to our analysis, wind speed influences columnar aerosol optical depth, although the slope of the linear regression between AOD and wind speed is not steep (similar to 0.004-0.005), even for strong winds over 10m s(-1). The relationships show significant scatter (correlation coefficients typically in the range 0.3-0.5); the majority of this scatter can be explained by the uncertainty on the input data. The various wind speed sources considered yield similar patterns. Results are in good agreement with the majority of previously published relationships between surface wind speed and ship-based or satellite-based AOD measurements. The basic relationships are similar for all the wind speed sources considered; however, the gradient of the relationship varies by around a factor of two depending on the wind data used.
C1 [Smirnov, A.] Sigma Space Corp, Lanham, MD USA.
[Smirnov, A.; Sayer, A. M.; Holben, B. N.; Hsu, N. C.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Sayer, A. M.] GESTAR, Columbia, MD USA.
[Sakerin, S. M.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Opt, Tomsk, Russia.
[Macke, A.] Leibniz Inst Tropospher Res, Leipzig, Germany.
[Nelson, N. B.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Courcoux, Y.] Univ Reunion, St Denis, Reunion.
[Smyth, T. J.] Plymouth Marine Lab, Plymouth, Devon, England.
[Croot, P.] Leibniz Inst Marine Sci, D-24105 Kiel, Germany.
[Quinn, P. K.] NOAA PMEL, Seattle, WA USA.
[Sciare, J.] Lab Sci Climat & Environm, Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Gulev, S. K.] PP Shirshov Oceanol Inst, Moscow, Russia.
[Piketh, S.] Univ Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
[Losno, R.] Univ Paris 07, Creteil, France.
[Losno, R.] Univ Paris 12, Creteil, France.
[Kinne, S.] Univ Hamburg, Inst Meteorol, D-2000 Hamburg, Germany.
[Radionov, V. F.] Arctic & Antarctic Res Inst, St Petersburg 199226, Russia.
RP Smirnov, A (reprint author), Sigma Space Corp, Lanham, MD USA.
EM alexander.smirnov-1@nasa.gov
RI Smyth, Tim/D-2008-2012; Smirnov, Alexander/C-2121-2009; Sayer,
Andrew/H-2314-2012; Hsu, N. Christina/H-3420-2013; Nelson,
Norman/B-7343-2014; Croot, Peter/C-8460-2009; Gulev, Sergey/A-4994-2014;
Quinn, Patricia/R-1493-2016
OI Smirnov, Alexander/0000-0002-8208-1304; Sayer,
Andrew/0000-0001-9149-1789; Nelson, Norman/0000-0003-1767-7598; Croot,
Peter/0000-0003-1396-0601; Quinn, Patricia/0000-0003-0337-4895
FU NASA; AMSR-E Science Team
FX The authors thank Hal Maring (NASA Headquarters) for his support of
AERONET. The authors thank Kirk Knobelspiesse (Columbia University and
NASA GISS) and anonymous reviewer for constructive comments.
Measurements onboard R/V Marion-Dufresne were supported by the French
Polar Institute (IPEV). NCEP Reanalysis data provided by the
NOAA/OAR/ESRL PSD, Boulder, Colorado, USA, from their Web site at
http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/. AMSR-E data are produced by Remote
Sensing Systems and sponsored by the NASA Earth Science MEaSUREs
DISCOVER Project and the AMSR-E Science Team. Data are available at
www.remss.com. Gert Konig-Langlo from Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar
and Marine Research (Bremerhaven, Germany) is acknowledged for providing
the meteorological data from R/V Polarstern. British Oceanographic Data
Centre is acknowledged for providing AMT19 and 20 meteorological data
(the data were supplied to BODC by Chris Barnard, Gareth Knights and Jon
Seddon).
NR 44
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PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1867-1381
J9 ATMOS MEAS TECH
JI Atmos. Meas. Tech.
PY 2012
VL 5
IS 2
BP 377
EP 388
DI 10.5194/amt-5-377-2012
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 900HD
UT WOS:000300876700008
ER
PT J
AU Matsui, N
Long, CN
Augustine, J
Halliwell, D
Uttal, T
Longenecker, D
Niebergall, O
Wendell, J
Albee, R
AF Matsui, N.
Long, C. N.
Augustine, J.
Halliwell, D.
Uttal, T.
Longenecker, D.
Niebergall, O.
Wendell, J.
Albee, R.
TI Evaluation of Arctic broadband surface radiation measurements
SO ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
LA English
DT Article
ID ENERGY BUDGET; EARTHS; INSTRUMENTATION; CLOUDS; ICE
AB The Arctic is a challenging environment for making in-situ surface radiation measurements. A standard suite of radiation sensors is typically designed to measure incoming and outgoing shortwave (SW) and thermal infrared, or longwave (LW), radiation. Enhancements may include various sensors for measuring irradiance in narrower bandwidths. Many solar radiation/thermal infrared flux sensors utilize protective glass domes and some are mounted on complex mechanical platforms (solar trackers) that keep sensors and shading devices trained on the sun along its diurnal path. High quality measurements require striking a balance between locating stations in a pristine undisturbed setting free of artificial blockage (such as from buildings and towers) and providing accessibility to allow operators to clean and maintain the instruments. Three significant sources of erroneous data in the Arctic include solar tracker malfunctions, rime/frost/snow deposition on the protective glass domes of the radiometers and operational problems due to limited operator access in extreme weather conditions. In this study, comparisons are made between the global and component sum (direct [vertical component] + diffuse) SW measurements. The difference between these two quantities (that theoretically should be zero) is used to illustrate the magnitude and seasonality of arctic radiation flux measurement problems. The problem of rime/frost/snow deposition is investigated in more detail for one case study utilizing both SW and LW measurements. Solutions to these operational problems that utilize measurement redundancy, more sophisticated heating and ventilation strategies and a more systematic program of operational support and subsequent data quality protocols are proposed.
C1 [Matsui, N.; Longenecker, D.] Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Matsui, N.; Augustine, J.; Uttal, T.; Longenecker, D.; Wendell, J.; Albee, R.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Boulder, CO USA.
[Halliwell, D.; Niebergall, O.] Environm Canada, Regina, SK, Canada.
[Long, C. N.] Pacific NW Lab, Richland, WA USA.
[Albee, R.] Sci Technol Corp, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Matsui, N (reprint author), Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM nobuki.matsui@colorado.edu
FU NOAA/GMD; NOAA SEARCH; Office of Biological and Environmental Research
(OBER) of the US Department of Energy (DOE)
FX The authors thank Dutton, E., and Michalsky, J. (NOAA/GMD) and McArthur,
L. J. B. for their expertise, support and encouragement. We salute all
the hard work by CANDAC and Environment Canada operators in Eureka. This
work was supported by the NOAA SEARCH program and the Office of
Biological and Environmental Research (OBER) of the US Department of
Energy (DOE) as part of the Atmospheric System Research (ASR) Program.
NR 34
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PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1867-1381
J9 ATMOS MEAS TECH
JI Atmos. Meas. Tech.
PY 2012
VL 5
IS 2
BP 429
EP 438
DI 10.5194/amt-5-429-2012
PG 10
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 900HD
UT WOS:000300876700012
ER
PT J
AU King, AL
Sanudo-Wilhelmy, SA
Boyd, PW
Twining, BS
Wilhelm, SW
Breene, C
Ellwood, MJ
Hutchins, DA
AF King, A. L.
Sanudo-Wilhelmy, S. A.
Boyd, P. W.
Twining, B. S.
Wilhelm, S. W.
Breene, C.
Ellwood, M. J.
Hutchins, D. A.
TI A comparison of biogenic iron quotas during a diatom spring bloom using
multiple approaches
SO BIOGEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY-FLUORESCENCE; MARINE-PHYTOPLANKTON; TRACE-ELEMENTS; CHLOROPHYLL-A;
PARTICULATE MATTER; EXPERIMENT SOFEX; SURFACE WATERS; CELLULAR IRON;
PACIFIC-OCEAN; BOUND IRON
AB Biogenic Fe quotas were determined using three distinct techniques on samples collected concurrently in the subtropical Pacific Ocean east of New Zealand. Fe quotas were measured using radioisotope uptake experiments (24 h incubation), bulk filtration and analysis by inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICPMS), and single-cell synchrotron x-ray fluorescence (SXRF) analysis over a sixteen-day period (year days 263 to 278 of 2008) during a quasi-Lagrangian drifter experiment that tracked the evolution of the annual spring diatom bloom within a counter-clockwise open-ocean eddy. Overall, radioisotope uptake-determined Fe quotas (washed with oxalate reagent to remove extracellular Fe) were the lowest (0.5-1.0 mmol Fe:mol P; 4-8 mu mol Fe:mol C), followed by single-cell Fe quotas (2.3-7.5 mmol Fe:mol P; 1757 mu mol Fe:mol C), and the highest and most variable quotas were from the bulk filtration ICPMS approach that used the oxalate reagent wash, corrected for lithogenic Fe using Al (0.8-21 mmol Fe:mol P; 4-136 mu mol Fe:mol C). During the evolution of the spring bloom within the eddy (year days 263 to 272), the surface mixed layer inventories of particulate biogenic elements (C, N, P, Si) and chlorophyll increased while Fe quotas estimated from all three approaches exhibited a general decline. After the onset of the bloom decline, the drogued buoys exited the eddy center (days 273 to 277). Fe quotas returned to pre-bloom values during this part of the study. Our standardized and coordinated sampling protocols reveal the general observed trend in Fe quotas: ICPMS > SXRF > radioisotope uptake. We discuss the inherent differences between the techniques and argue that each technique has its individual merits and uniquely contributes to the characterization of the oceanic particulate Fe pool.
C1 [King, A. L.; Sanudo-Wilhelmy, S. A.; Breene, C.; Hutchins, D. A.] Univ So Calif, Dept Biol Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
[Boyd, P. W.] Univ Otago, Dept Chem, NIWA Ctr Chem & Phys Oceanog, Dunedin, New Zealand.
[Boyd, P. W.] Natl Inst Water & Atmosphere, Wellington, New Zealand.
[Twining, B. S.] Bigelow Lab Ocean Sci, W Boothbay Harbor, ME 04575 USA.
[Wilhelm, S. W.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Ellwood, M. J.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Earth Sci, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.
RP King, AL (reprint author), NOAA, NE Fisheries Sci Ctr, 212 Rogers Ave, Milford, CT 06460 USA.
EM andrew.king@gmail.com
RI Wilhelm, Steven/B-8963-2008; Hutchins, David/D-3301-2013; Boyd,
Philip/J-7624-2014;
OI Wilhelm, Steven/0000-0001-6283-8077; Boyd, Philip/0000-0001-7850-1911;
Twining, Benjamin/0000-0002-1365-9192; Ellwood,
Michael/0000-0003-4288-8530
FU MSI (New Zealand); National Science Foundation [OCE
0825379/0825405/0825319, OCE 0850730]; US DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX The FeCycle II project was supported by the MSI (New Zealand) funding to
the Coasts and Oceans OBI programme (P. W. Boyd, S. Nodder and E. W.
Maas) and by grants from the National Science Foundation OCE
0825379/0825405/0825319 to B. S. Twining, S. W. Wilhelm, and D. A.
Hutchins, and OCE 0850730 to D. A. Hutchins and F. X. Fu. R. Frew and M.
J. Ellwood assisted sampling. H. Chang provided phytoplankton
identification and counts. J. Mendez, J. Jacquot, and L. Cutter provided
technical assistance at the USC ICPMS facility. We thank E. P.
Achterberg and M. T. Maldonado for helpful reviews of our manuscript.
Use of the Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science User Facility
operated for the US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science by
Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the US DOE under Contract
No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Open access publication costs were awarded to A.
L. King by Copernicus Publishing and the ClimECO2 summer
school.
NR 83
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Z9 16
U1 2
U2 24
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1726-4170
EI 1726-4189
J9 BIOGEOSCIENCES
JI Biogeosciences
PY 2012
VL 9
IS 2
BP 667
EP 687
DI 10.5194/bg-9-667-2012
PG 21
WC Ecology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA 900HK
UT WOS:000300877400004
ER
PT J
AU Harrison, MD
Groffman, PM
Mayer, PM
Kaushal, SS
AF Harrison, Melanie D.
Groffman, Peter M.
Mayer, Paul M.
Kaushal, Sujay S.
TI Microbial biomass and activity in geomorphic features in forested and
urban restored and degraded streams
SO ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Denitrification; Methane; Nitrification; Restoration; Urban
ID LAND-USE; NITROGEN DYNAMICS; METHANE OXIDATION; HEADWATER STREAMS;
DISSOLVED-OXYGEN; ORGANIC-CARBON; PRAIRIE STREAM; DEBRIS DAMS;
DENITRIFICATION; NITRIFICATION
AB Geomorphic spatial heterogeneity affects sediment denitrification, an anaerobic microbial process that results in the loss of nitrogen (N), and other anaerobic microbial processes such as methanogenesis in urban streams. We measured sediment denitrification potential (DEA), net nitrification, methanogenesis, and a suite of ancillary microbial variables in geomorphic stream features (organic debris dams, pools, riffles, and sloughs) in forested, urban degraded and urban restored streams in the Baltimore. MD, USA metropolitan area, between June 2005 and November 2006. DEA was higher in organic debris dams (2783 +/- 1405 ng N g(-1) h(-1), mean standard error) than in pools (505 +/- 144), riffles (360 +/- 78), and sloughs (270 +/- 106), and was higher in forest (1439 +/- 613) than in urban degraded (442 +/- 98) and restored sites (391 +/- 116), but the differences were not statistically significant. DEA was positively related to microbial biomass N (MBN) (p < 0.0001) and percent sediment organic matter (SOM) (p = 0.006). DEA and MBN were significantly higher in June 2005 and August 2006 than in November 2006, a temporal pattern that may have been driven by changes in microbial biomass. Methanogenesis was active in all stream geomorphic features across all study sites. Reach scale estimates of nitrification ranged from 157 to 344 mg N m(-2) d(-1) and were similar to reach scale DEA rates (97-230 mg N m(-2) d(-1)), with no significant differences between restored and unrestored reaches. These results suggest that in-stream geomorphic features in urban restored and degraded sites have the potential to function as N sinks by maintaining anaerobic conditions and microbial biomass and activity that stimulate denitrification. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Harrison, Melanie D.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, NMFS SW Reg, Protected Resources Div, Santa Rosa, CA 95404 USA.
[Harrison, Melanie D.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Marine Estuarine & Environm Sci, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA.
[Groffman, Peter M.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA.
[Mayer, Paul M.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Ground Water & Ecosyst Restorat Div, Ada, OK 74820 USA.
[Kaushal, Sujay S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Geol & Earth Syst Sci, Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RP Harrison, MD (reprint author), Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, NMFS SW Reg, Protected Resources Div, 777 Sonoma Ave, Santa Rosa, CA 95404 USA.
EM Melanie.Harrison@noaa.gov
RI Kaushal, Sujay/G-1062-2013;
OI Kaushal, Sujay/0000-0003-0834-9189; Mayer, Paul/0000-0002-8550-1386
FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [CR829676]; U.S. National Science
Foundation (NSF) [DEB-0423476]; NSF [0549469]; NSF Division of
Biological Infrastructure (DBI) [06-40300]; NOAA Educational Partnership
Graduate Science Program (GSP)
FX This research was supported by grants from the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency (CR829676), the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF)
Long-Term Ecological Research program (DEB-0423476), the NSF Integrative
Graduate Education and Research Traineeship Program program (0549469),
the NSF Division of Biological Infrastructure (DBI 06-40300), and the
NOAA Educational Partnership Graduate Science Program (GSP). We thank
Dan Dillon, Dave Lewis, and Lisa Martel for assistance with field and
laboratory work, Edward Doheny (USGS) for providing geomorphic survey
information and Andrew Miller for thoughtful comments and review of the
manuscript. The research has not been subjected to EPA or USGS review
and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of any of the
funding agencies, and no official endorsement should be inferred.
NR 60
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 3
U2 34
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0925-8574
J9 ECOL ENG
JI Ecol. Eng.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 38
IS 1
BP 1
EP 10
DI 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2011.09.001
PG 10
WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering
GA 899GN
UT WOS:000300804500001
ER
PT J
AU Hamm, DE
AF Hamm, David E.
TI Development and Evaluation of a Data Dictionary to Standardize Salmonid
Habitat Assessments in the Pacific Northwest
SO FISHERIES
LA English
DT Article
ID ET-AL; RESTORATION; CONSERVATION; THREATS; REACH
AB Restoration ecology and conservation biology have increasingly recognized the need for a common language to facilitate the combining of data sets to help identify threats, degraded habitat, and appropriate restoration response. However, to date no tool exists that can standardize language for large quantities of publicly available information relevant to the analysis and management of threatened and endangered Pacific salmonids. Here, I present a simple and transparent method for integrating assessments of degraded salmonid habitat into a database using a data dictionary. The data dictionary is then used to measure similarity between independently created assessments for subbasins within the Columbia-Cascade region. The relationship between the number of restoration projects and the number of assessed ecological concerns is also compared. This initial investigation illustrates the data dictionary's utility in defining a set of salmonid-specific ecological concerns, providing a means to integrate habitat assessments to encompass a wider area and measure the concordance between different assessments conducted over the same geographical area. The ability to standardize and integrate information on degraded habitat provides an important link in a logical chain connecting habitat conditions to the restoration projects intended to enhance populations of threatened and endangered salmonids.
C1 NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Hamm, DE (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM david.e.hamm@noaa.gov
NR 38
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 4
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0363-2415
J9 FISHERIES
JI Fisheries
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 37
IS 1
BP 6
EP 18
DI 10.1080/03632415.2012.639679
PG 13
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 902MP
UT WOS:000301042900003
ER
PT J
AU Theocharous, E
Lehman, J
AF Theocharous, Evangelos
Lehman, John
TI The evaluation of a pyroelectric detector with and without a sprayed
multi-walled carbon nanotube coating
SO INFRARED PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Black coatings; Multi-wall carbon nanotubes; Linearity of response;
Pyroelectric detectors; Spatial uniformity
ID ABSOLUTE LINEARITY MEASUREMENTS; BLACK COATINGS
AB The radiometric properties of a pyroelectric detector based on a LiTaO3 crystal were studied when the detector had a sprayed multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) coating and when the coating was removed. The spatial uniformity of response of the bare detector improved as the modulation frequency increased in the 4-70 Hz range whereas the spatial uniformity of response of the coated detector deteriorated as the modulation frequency increased over the same range. The uncoated detector was observed to have a "super-linear" response whereas the linearity of response of the coated detector was shown to be "sub-linear". The origin and implications of this behaviour are discussed. Crown Copyright (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Theocharous, Evangelos] Natl Phys Lab, Opt Measurement Team, Teddington TW11 0LW, Middx, England.
[Lehman, John] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Optoelect, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Theocharous, E (reprint author), Natl Phys Lab, Opt Measurement Team, Teddington TW11 0LW, Middx, England.
EM e.theo@npl.co.uk
NR 11
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1350-4495
J9 INFRARED PHYS TECHN
JI Infrared Phys. Technol.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 55
IS 1
BP 161
EP 165
DI 10.1016/j.infrared.2011.11.002
PG 5
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics; Physics
GA 901KQ
UT WOS:000300966200025
ER
PT J
AU Haynes, WM
AF Haynes, William M.
TI Untitled
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Haynes, WM (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
EM haynes@boulder.nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0195-928X
J9 INT J THERMOPHYS
JI Int. J. Thermophys.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 33
IS 1
BP 1
EP 2
DI 10.1007/s10765-011-1152-2
PG 2
WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical; Mechanics; Physics, Applied
SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Mechanics; Physics
GA 891YU
UT WOS:000300253800001
ER
PT J
AU Kazakov, A
Muzny, CD
Kroenlein, K
Diky, V
Chirico, RD
Magee, JW
Abdulagatov, IM
Frenkel, M
AF Kazakov, A.
Muzny, C. D.
Kroenlein, K.
Diky, V.
Chirico, R. D.
Magee, J. W.
Abdulagatov, I. M.
Frenkel, M.
TI NIST/TRC SOURCE Data Archival System: The Next-Generation Data Model for
Storage of Thermophysical Properties
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Database; Data model; Thermochemical properties; Thermophysical
properties
ID THERMODATA ENGINE TDE; SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION; DATA COMPILATIONS; WEB;
THERMODYNAMICS; QUALITY; DEMAND; XML
AB A new data model for storage of experimental thermophysical and thermochemical property data was developed and implemented for the NIST/TRC SOURCE data archival system. Substantial improvements in data quality, as well as system usability and extendability, are achieved. Substance identification based on chemical structures was implemented. Availability of stored chemical structures will facilitate the use of property estimation methods to supplement the experimental information.
C1 [Kazakov, A.; Muzny, C. D.; Kroenlein, K.; Diky, V.; Chirico, R. D.; Magee, J. W.; Abdulagatov, I. M.; Frenkel, M.] NIST, Thermophys Properties Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Kazakov, A (reprint author), NIST, Thermophys Properties Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM andrei.kazakov@nist.gov
RI Magee, Joseph/A-8496-2009
OI Magee, Joseph/0000-0002-9312-8593
NR 38
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 5
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0195-928X
J9 INT J THERMOPHYS
JI Int. J. Thermophys.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 33
IS 1
BP 22
EP 33
DI 10.1007/s10765-011-1107-7
PG 12
WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical; Mechanics; Physics, Applied
SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Mechanics; Physics
GA 891YU
UT WOS:000300253800004
ER
PT J
AU Thomas, DS
Butry, DT
AF Thomas, Douglas S.
Butry, David T.
TI Wildland Fires within Municipal Jurisdictions
SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE wildland-urban interface; wildfire; wildland
ID URBAN INTERFACE
AB Each year, wildland fires threaten structures and occupants of the wildland urban interface (RI). Currently, wildfire ignition estimates largely exclude ignitions originating within municipal jurisdictions, which contain the majority of the US population. The objective of this article is to provide national estimates and trends of the WUI fire problem; in particular, we analyze the US Fire Administration's National Fire Incident Reporting System fire incident data from 2002 to 2006 reported by local municipal fire departments across the United States. We estimate that, on average, the burning of wildland fuels is associated with 116,971 fires annually. Each year, these fires are responsible for, on average, 15 civilian (nonfire service) fatalities, 88 civilian injuries, and $160 million in direct property losses. These damages include losses to 599 residential structures, 649 nonresidential structures, and 829 vehicles (per year). Based on the value of a statistical life ($8.75 million) and statistical injury ($189 thousand), we find that the economic value of fatalities and injuries averaged $148 million annually. Thus, the losses associated with fires occurring on municipal lands total on average $308 million annually over this time period.
C1 [Thomas, Douglas S.; Butry, David T.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Dept Commerce, Off Appl Econ, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Thomas, DS (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Dept Commerce, Off Appl Econ, 100 Bur Rd,MS 8603, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM douglas.thomas@nist.gov; david.butry@nist.gov
NR 26
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 10
PU SOC AMER FORESTERS
PI BETHESDA
PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0022-1201
J9 J FOREST
JI J. For.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2012
VL 110
IS 1
BP 34
EP 41
DI 10.5849/jof.10-024
PG 8
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 898OS
UT WOS:000300752300004
ER
PT J
AU Palamara, L
Manderson, J
Kohut, J
Oliver, MJ
Gray, S
Goff, J
AF Palamara, Laura
Manderson, John
Kohut, Josh
Oliver, Matthew J.
Gray, Steven
Goff, John
TI Improving habitat models by incorporating pelagic measurements from
coastal ocean observatories
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Habitat characteristics; Pelagic; Remote sensing; Spatial fisheries
management; Canonical correspondence analysis; CCA; Mid-Atlantic Bight
ID MID-ATLANTIC BIGHT; MARINE ECOSYSTEM; VARIABILITY; BEHAVIOR; NETWORK;
RADAR
AB As in all temperate coastal seas, habitats in the Mid-Atlantic Bight are spatially and temporally dynamic. Understanding how species respond to the dynamics of their environment is important for developing effective management strategies. In this study, we used canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) to determine habitat variables most important in explaining variation in fish and invertebrate communities sampled with bottom trawls. We also quantified the relative explanatory power of seabed habitat features, pelagic features measured in situ and pelagic features measured remotely, all of which can be used to explain species variability. Pelagic habitat features, most notably surface and bottom temperature and stratification, explained 76% of the community variation observed, compared with 40.9% explained by seabed features, mainly depth. Remotely sensed pelagic characteristics explained 46.9% of the variation that was accounted for and were redundant for features measured in situ; this suggests that remotely sensed features are representative of features measured in situ including certain subsurface features. Cross-shelf and seasonal variation in environmental variables were the major predictors of species distributions and accounted for 71.3% of the total explained community variation. We described the seasonal dynamics of important habitat gradients and the responses of species with different habitat requirements and geographic range distributions to those gradients. We argue that consideration of dynamic pelagic features in addition to slowly changing features is important. Dynamic approaches are necessary for effective management and ocean observing systems can be used to develop dynamic space-based management strategies.
C1 [Palamara, Laura; Kohut, Josh] Rutgers State Univ, Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[Manderson, John] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Ecosyst Proc Div,James J Howard Marine Sci Lab, Highlands, NJ 07732 USA.
[Oliver, Matthew J.] Univ Delaware, Coll Earth Ocean & Environm, Lewes, DE 19958 USA.
[Gray, Steven] Univ Hawaii, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Management, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Goff, John] Univ Texas Austin, Inst Geophys, Jackson Sch Geosci, Austin, TX 78758 USA.
RP Palamara, L (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
EM palamara@marine.rutgers.edu
FU NOAA Fisheries and the Environment [FATE NA08NMF450626]; NASA
Biodiversity [NNG06GH75G1/3]; NASA [NNH07ZDA001N]; US IOOS [MARACOOS
NA07NOS4730221, MARACOOS NA10NOS4730014, MARACOOS NA11NOS0120038];
Delaware Sea Grant [NA10OAR4170084]
FX The authors thank the following agencies for support during this
project: NOAA Fisheries and the Environment (FATE NA08NMF450626) for
primary support, as well as NASA Biodiversity (NNG06GH75G1/3), NASA New
Investigator Program (NNH07ZDA001N), US IOOS Program (MARACOOS
NA07NOS4730221, MARACOOS NA10NOS4730014 and MARACOOS NA11NOS0120038) and
Delaware Sea Grant (NA10OAR4170084). RU COOL, usSEABED, National
Geophysical Data Center and M. Taylor, B. Phelan and S. Lucey at
NOAA-NEFSC provided data used in the analysis. We also thank H. Fuchs,
J. Manning and anonymous reviewers for their comments and advice.
NR 49
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 23
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
EI 1616-1599
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2012
VL 447
BP 15
EP 30
DI 10.3354/meps09496
PG 16
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 897OG
UT WOS:000300660600002
ER
PT J
AU Sunda, WG
Shertzer, KW
AF Sunda, William G.
Shertzer, Kyle W.
TI Modeling ecosystem disruptive algal blooms: positive feedback mechanisms
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE EDABs; Plankton models; Positive feedback; Nutrients; Phytoplankton;
Zooplankton; Brown tide; Diatoms
ID TEXAS BROWN-TIDE; ARCTIC PACIFIC-OCEAN; LAGUNA MADRE; PHYTOPLANKTON
GROWTH; FUNCTIONAL-RESPONSES; MARINE-PHYTOPLANKTON; AMMONIUM UPTAKE;
HIGH-NITRATE; FOOD WEBS; CELL-SIZE
AB Harmful blooms of algae that disrupt and degrade ecosystems (ecosystem disruptive algal blooms, EDABs) are occurring with increasing frequency with eutrophication and other adverse anthropogenic alterations of coastal systems. EDAB events have been hypothesized to be caused by positive feedback interactions involving differential growth of competing algal species, low grazing mortality rates on EDAB species, and resulting decreases in nutrient inputs from grazer-mediated nutrient cycling as the EDAB event progresses. Here we develop a nutrient-phytoplankton-zooplankton model to test the conceptual positive feedback hypothesis. In this model we compete the low-nutrient adapted brown tide EDAB species Aureoumbra lagunensis and 2 high-nutrient-adapted diatoms (Thalassiosira pseudonana and T. weissflogii) using published data for growth rate versus limiting nutrient (ammonium) concentration. The model results support the positive feedback hypothesis for EDAB formation, and verify that bloom formation requires low grazing rates on the EDAB species. The model predicts that because of the positive feedback, the harmful bloom should persist once formed. The model further shows that the likelihood and biomass intensity of an EDAB event is increased by greater residence time of water in a coastal system and that increased nutrient supply increases its severity. Our results demonstrate that EDAB events do not simply involve a direct stimulation of growth of harmful species by increased nutrients, but rather involve complex interactions among the growth of competing algal species, differential grazing on those species, and changes in nutrient cycling that are directly linked to algal grazing.
C1 [Sunda, William G.; Shertzer, Kyle W.] Natl Oceanog & Atmospher Adm, CCFHR, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
RP Sunda, WG (reprint author), Natl Oceanog & Atmospher Adm, CCFHR, 101 Pivers Isl Rd, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
EM bill.sunda@noaa.gov
NR 64
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 34
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2012
VL 447
BP 31
EP U69
DI 10.3354/meps09482
PG 26
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 897OG
UT WOS:000300660600003
ER
PT J
AU Bodkin, JL
Ballachey, BE
Coletti, HA
Esslinger, GG
Kloecker, KA
Rice, SD
Reed, JA
Monson, DH
AF Bodkin, James L.
Ballachey, Brenda E.
Coletti, Heather A.
Esslinger, George G.
Kloecker, Kimberly A.
Rice, Stanley D.
Reed, John A.
Monson, Daniel H.
TI Long-term effects of the 'Exxon Valdez' oil spill: sea otter foraging in
the intertidal as a pathway of exposure to lingering oil
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Sea otter; 'Exxon Valdez'; Oil spill; Enhydra lutris; Time-depth
recorder; TDR
ID PRINCE-WILLIAM-SOUND; CRUDE-OIL; PROTOTHACA-STAMINEA; HARLEQUIN DUCKS;
FOOD LIMITATION; ENHYDRA-LUTRIS; ALASKA; HYDROCARBONS; RECOVERY;
MORTALITY
AB The protracted recovery of some bird and mammal populations in western Prince William Sound (WPWS), Alaska, and the persistence of spilled 'Exxon Valdez' oil in intertidal sediments, suggests a pathway of exposure to consumers that occupy nearshore habitats. To evaluate the hypothesis that sea otter (Enhydra lutris) foraging allows access to lingering oil, we contrast spatial relations between foraging behavior and documented oil distribution. We recovered archival time-depth recorders implanted in 19 sea otters in WPWS, where lingering oil and delayed ecosystem recovery are well documented. Sea otter foraging dives ranged from +2.7 to -92 m below sea level (MLLW), with intertidal accounting for 5 to 38% of all foraging. On average, female sea otters made 16 050 intertidal dives per year and 18% of these dives were at depths above the +0.80 m tidal elevation. Males made 4100 intertidal dives per year and 26% of intertidal foraging took place at depths above the +0.80 m tidal elevation. Estimated annual oil encounter rates ranged from 2 to 24 times yr(-1) for females, and 2 to 4 times yr(-1) for males. Exposure rates increased in spring when intertidal foraging doubled and females were with small pups. In summer 2008, we found sea otter foraging pits on 13.5 of 24.8 km of intertidal shoreline surveyed. Most pits (82%) were within 0.5 m of the zero tidal elevation and 15% were above 0.5 m, the level above which most (65%) lingering oil remains. In August 2008, we detected oil above background concentrations in 18 of 41 (44%) pits excavated by sea otters on beaches with prior evidence of oiling, with total PAH concentrations up to 56 000 ng g(-1) dry weight. Our estimates of intertidal foraging, the widespread presence of foraging pits in the intertidal, and the presence of oil in and near sea otter foraging pits documents a pathway of exposure from lingering intertidal oil to sea otters foraging in WPWS.
C1 [Bodkin, James L.; Ballachey, Brenda E.; Esslinger, George G.; Kloecker, Kimberly A.; Reed, John A.; Monson, Daniel H.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Rice, Stanley D.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Auke Bay Lab, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
RP Bodkin, JL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM jbodkin@usgs.gov
RI Monson, Daniel/N-4469-2013;
OI Monson, Daniel/0000-0002-4593-5673; Kloecker,
Kimberly/0000-0002-2461-968X
FU US Geological Survey; Alaska Science Center; Exxon Valdez Oil Spill
Trustee Council
FX This work was supported by the US Geological Survey, Alaska Science
Center and the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council; however, the
findings and conclusions do not necessarily reflect the views or
position of the Trustee Council. Any use of trade names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not represent endorsement by the US
government. We gratefully acknowledge the assistance of J. deLaBruere,
B. Hatfield, P. Kearney, M. Kenner and B. Uher-Koch for their
significant contributions to sea otter captures and field data
collection, to M. Murray and P. Snyder for veterinary procedures, and to
J. Coffey for TDR data calibration. We appreciate the thoughtful reviews
of this work by L. Bowen, D. Esler, K. Oakley, and 3 anonymous
colleagues.
NR 67
TC 21
Z9 22
U1 7
U2 93
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
EI 1616-1599
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2012
VL 447
BP 273
EP 287
DI 10.3354/meps09523
PG 15
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 897OG
UT WOS:000300660600019
ER
PT J
AU Mancini, A
Koch, V
Seminoff, JA
Madon, B
AF Mancini, Agnese
Koch, Volker
Seminoff, Jeffrey A.
Madon, Benedicte
TI Small-scale gill-net fisheries cause massive green turtle Chelonia mydas
mortality in Baja California Sur, Mexico
SO ORYX
LA English
DT Article
DE Artisanal fisheries; bycatch; Chelonia mydas; East Pacific green turtle;
gill-nets; mortality; marine turtles; Mexico
ID COASTAL FORAGING AREA; GULF-OF-MEXICO; SEA-TURTLES; LOGGERHEAD TURTLES;
PELAGIC LONGLINES; BAHIA MAGDALENA; HOME-RANGE; STRANDINGS; BYCATCH;
POPULATION
AB The coastal waters of Baja California Sur, Mexico, include some of the most important foraging grounds of the East Pacific green turtle Chelonia mydas. However, they are also important fishing grounds for artisanal fleets, leading potentially to high levels of bycatch mortality. We studied the impact of a small-scale gill-net fishery at San Ignacio lagoon, north-west Mexico, an important green turtle feeding ground. We conducted mortality censuses and interviewed local fishers to estimate total bycatch mortality at the lagoon. We also used marked drifters and carcasses to estimate stranding probabilities of turtles taken as bycatch. During 2006-2009 we found 262 dead turtles; 96% of the mortality occurred in May-August corresponding to the fishing season for halibut Paralichthys californicus and guitar-fish (Rhinobatus sp.). Stranding probability estimated from drifters was 0.062 (95% confidence interval, CI, 0.035-0.094), yielding a minimum mortality of 3,516 turtles during 2006-2008 (95% CI 2,364-6,057) or 1,172 animals per year. This is probably an underestimate of real mortality as the drifters have higher stranding probabilities than carcasses and most of the nets were set in the lower lagoon where carcasses rarely strand. Interviews with local fishers yielded a similar estimate of 1,087 (95% CI 901-1,286) dead turtles per year. This study is emblematic of the impact of artisanal fleets on marine turtles caused by overlap of fishing and turtle feeding areas. In 2009 strandings declined by > 97%, resulting from a change in fishing practices because of increased vigilance by enforcement authorities, underscoring the importance of law enforcement to protect threatened species.
C1 [Mancini, Agnese; Koch, Volker] Univ Autonoma Baja California Sur, Dept Biol Marina, La Paz 23080, Bcs, Mexico.
[Seminoff, Jeffrey A.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA USA.
[Madon, Benedicte] Univ New S Wales, Sch Math & Stat, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
[Mancini, Agnese; Madon, Benedicte] Boomerang Earth Conservat, Antony, France.
[Koch, Volker] Invest Conservac & el Desarrollo, La Paz, Bcs, Mexico.
RP Koch, V (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Baja California Sur, Dept Biol Marina, Carretera Sur Km 5-5, La Paz 23080, Bcs, Mexico.
EM vokoch@uabcs.mx
RI Koch, Volker/J-1587-2012
FU Consejo Nacional de Ciencias y Tecnologias [SEMARNAT-2004-C01-277];
Earthwatch foundation; Grupo Tortuguero; Rufford Small Grants for
Conservation
FX We thank the Secretaria para el Medio Ambiente y los Recursos Naturales
(SEMARNAT) for providing the permits under which this study was
conducted (SGPA/DGVS/03846, SGPA/DGVS/03944/07, SGPA/DGVS/03816/08,
SGPA/DGVS/05603/09). This study was funded by Consejo Nacional de
Ciencias y Tecnologias grant SEMARNAT-2004-C01-277 and by the Earthwatch
foundation. We thank all the volunteers, fishers and members of the
Grupo Tortuguero who supported our project. AM was supported by Rufford
Small Grants for Conservation.
NR 58
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 3
U2 31
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0030-6053
J9 ORYX
JI Oryx
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 46
IS 1
BP 69
EP 77
DI 10.1017/S0030605310001833
PG 9
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 899CZ
UT WOS:000300793200013
ER
PT J
AU Roscioli, JR
Bell, DJ
Nelson, DJ
Nesbitt, DJ
AF Roscioli, J. R.
Bell, D. J.
Nelson, D. J.
Nesbitt, D. J.
TI State-resolved velocity map imaging of surface-scattered molecular flux
SO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID GAS-LIQUID INTERFACE; ENHANCED MULTIPHOTON IONIZATION; SUM-FREQUENCY
GENERATION; CO2 SCATTERING; INELASTIC-SCATTERING; HYDROGEN-CHLORIDE;
ENERGY-TRANSFER; INTERNAL-STATE; DYNAMICS; BEAM
AB This work describes a novel surface-scattering technique which combines resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) with velocity-map imaging (VMI) to yield quantum-state and 2D velocity component resolved distributions in the scattered molecular flux. As an initial test system, we explore hyperthermal scattering (E-inc = 21(5) kcal mol(-1)) of jet cooled HC1 from Au(111) on atomically flat mica surfaces at 500 K. The resulting images reveal 2D (v(in-plane) and v(out-of-plane)) velocity distributions dominated by two primary features: trapping/thermal-desorption (TD) and a hyperthermal, impulsively scattering (IS) distribution. In particular, the IS component is strongly forward scattered and largely resolved in the velocity map images, which allows us to probe correlations between rotational and translational degrees of freedom in the IS flux without any model dependent deconvolution from the TD fraction. These correlations reveal that HC1 molecules which have undergone a large decrease in velocity parallel to scattering plane have actually gained the most rotational energy, reminiscent of a dynamical energy constraint between these two degrees of freedom. The data are reduced to a rotational energy map that correlates (E-rot) with velocity along and normal to the scattering plane, revealing that exchange occurs primarily between rotation and the in-plane kinetic energy component, with vout-of-plane playing a relatively minor role.
C1 [Nesbitt, D. J.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Univ Colorado, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Nesbitt, DJ (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM djn@jila.colorado.edu
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research; National Science Foundation;
National Institute of Standards and Technology
FX This work has been supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific
Research, with additional support from the National Science Foundation.
JRR would like to gratefully acknowledge the National Institute of
Standards and Technology for a National Research Council Postdoctoral
Fellowship.
NR 44
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 4
U2 44
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1463-9076
J9 PHYS CHEM CHEM PHYS
JI Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.
PY 2012
VL 14
IS 12
BP 4070
EP 4080
DI 10.1039/c1cp22938a
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 901FA
UT WOS:000300946600006
PM 22159155
ER
PT J
AU Pettibone, JM
Hudgens, JW
AF Pettibone, John M.
Hudgens, Jeffrey W.
TI Reaction network governing diphosphine-protected gold nanocluster
formation from nascent cationic platforms
SO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY-STRUCTURE; MOLECULAR-ORBITAL ANALYSIS; METAL CLUSTER CHEMISTRY;
CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; STRUCTURAL-CHARACTERIZATION; NUCLEARITY GOLD;
PHOSPHINE COMPLEXES; SODIUM-BOROHYDRIDE; LIGAND; SIZE
AB We identify the reaction network governing gold monolayer protected cluster (MPC) formation during the reduction of Au(PPh3) Cl and L-5 (L-5 = 1,5-bis(diphenylphosphino) pentane) in solutions. UV-vis spectroscopy and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) monitored the formation of ligated Au-x: 6 <= x <= 12 clusters, which comprise the reaction intermediates and final products. Initially, predominantly [Au2L25](2+) complexes form through dissolution of Au(PPh3)Cl. These complexes control the reduction and nucleation reactions that form nascent phosphine-ligated Au-8 and Au-10 ionic clusters. [Au10L45](2+) is an observed growth platform for ligated Au-11 and Au-12 clusters. The data for syntheses of Au : L-5 systems evidence that the nascent reaction products (t < 3 days) are less dependent on the chosen reducing agent (borane tert-butylamine complex or NaBH4); instead, after reduction ceases, subsequent solution phase processing provides greater control for tuning cluster nuclearity.
C1 [Pettibone, John M.; Hudgens, Jeffrey W.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Hudgens, JW (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr,MS 8362, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM john.pettibone@nist.gov; jeffrey.hudgens@nist.gov
FU National Academy of Science's National Research Council
FX JMP acknowledges the National Academy of Science's National Research
Council for postdoctoral fellowships. We thank Dr Denis E. Bergeron for
advice and help with experiments involving the aerated solutions.
NR 58
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 27
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1463-9076
EI 1463-9084
J9 PHYS CHEM CHEM PHYS
JI Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.
PY 2012
VL 14
IS 12
BP 4142
EP 4154
DI 10.1039/c2cp22865c
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 901FA
UT WOS:000300946600014
PM 22337143
ER
PT J
AU Furukawa, T
Mak, LC
Durrant-Whyte, H
Madhavan, R
AF Furukawa, Tomonari
Mak, Lin Chi
Durrant-Whyte, Hugh
Madhavan, Rajmohan
TI Autonomous Bayesian Search and Tracking, and its Experimental Validation
SO ADVANCED ROBOTICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Search; tracking; Bayesian; coordination; cooperation
ID LOST TARGETS; FILTERS
AB We present a technique that uniformly controls a team of autonomous sensor platforms charged with the dual task of searching for and then tracking a moving target within a recursive Bayesian estimation framework. The proposed technique defines the target detectable region, and uniformly formulates observation likelihoods with detection and no-detection events. The unified likelihood function allows the proposed technique to update and maintain the target belief, regardless of the target delectability. For unified search and tracking (SAT), the proposed technique further predicts the belief in a finite-time horizon, and decides control actions by maximizing a unified objective function consisting of local and global measures derived from the predicted belief. Using the objective function, the proposed technique can smoothly change its control actions even during transitions between SAT. The numerical results first show successful SAT by the proposed technique in tests using a sensor platform with different detectability and comparison with conventional searching techniques under different prior knowledge, and then identifies the superiorities of the proposed technique in SAT. The experimental results finally validate the applicability and extendability of the proposed technique via coordinated SAT in a field experiment. (C) Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden and The Robotics Society of Japan, 2012
C1 [Furukawa, Tomonari; Mak, Lin Chi] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, IALR, Danville, VA 24543 USA.
[Durrant-Whyte, Hugh] Natl ICT Australia, Eveleigh, NSW 2015, Australia.
[Madhavan, Rajmohan] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Intelligent Syst Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Mak, LC (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, IALR, 150 Slayton Ave, Danville, VA 24543 USA.
EM linchi@vt.edu
FU US Army International Technology Center - Pacific [FA23896-08-1-4129];
ARC Centre of Excellence; Australian Research Council (ARC); New South
Wales State Government
FX This work was primarily supported by US Army International Technology
Center - Pacific (FA23896-08-1-4129). Additional support by the ARC
Centre of Excellence program, funded by the Australian Research Council
(ARC) and the New South Wales State Government, is also greatly
acknowledged.
NR 29
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 3
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0169-1864
J9 ADV ROBOTICS
JI Adv. Robot.
PY 2012
VL 26
IS 5-6
BP 461
EP 485
DI 10.1163/156855311X617461
PG 25
WC Robotics
SC Robotics
GA 898JR
UT WOS:000300739200003
ER
PT J
AU Choi, S
Wang, Y
Salawitch, RJ
Canty, T
Joiner, J
Zeng, T
Kurosu, TP
Chance, K
Richter, A
Huey, LG
Liao, J
Neuman, JA
Nowak, JB
Dibb, JE
Weinheimer, AJ
Diskin, G
Ryerson, TB
da Silva, A
Curry, J
Kinnison, D
Tilmes, S
Levelt, PF
AF Choi, S.
Wang, Y.
Salawitch, R. J.
Canty, T.
Joiner, J.
Zeng, T.
Kurosu, T. P.
Chance, K.
Richter, A.
Huey, L. G.
Liao, J.
Neuman, J. A.
Nowak, J. B.
Dibb, J. E.
Weinheimer, A. J.
Diskin, G.
Ryerson, T. B.
da Silva, A.
Curry, J.
Kinnison, D.
Tilmes, S.
Levelt, P. F.
TI Analysis of satellite-derived Arctic tropospheric BrO columns in
conjunction with aircraft measurements during ARCTAS and ARCPAC
SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID OZONE DEPLETION EVENTS; STRATOSPHERIC BROMINE MONOXIDE;
RADIATIVE-TRANSFER MODEL; SUNRISE EXPERIMENT 1992; BOUNDARY-LAYER;
SEA-ICE; POLAR SUNRISE; GLOBAL OBSERVATIONS; MONITORING EXPERIMENT; LIMB
MEASUREMENTS
AB We derive tropospheric column BrO during the ARCTAS and ARCPAC field campaigns in spring 2008 using retrievals of total column BrO from the satellite UV nadir sensors OMI and GOME-2 using a radiative transfer model and stratospheric column BrO from a photochemical simulation. We conduct a comprehensive comparison of satellite-derived tropospheric BrO column to aircraft in-situ observations of BrO and related species. The aircraft profiles reveal that tropospheric BrO, when present during April 2008, was distributed over a broad range of altitudes rather than being confined to the planetary boundary layer (PBL). Perturbations to the total column resulting from tropospheric BrO are the same magnitude as perturbations due to longitudinal variations in the stratospheric component, so proper accounting of the stratospheric signal is essential for accurate determination of satellite-derived tropospheric BrO. We find reasonably good agreement between satellite-derived tropospheric BrO and columns found using aircraft in-situ BrO profiles, particularly when satellite radiances were obtained over bright surfaces (albedo >0.7), for solar zenith angle <80 degrees and clear sky conditions. The rapid activation of BrO due to surface processes (the bromine explosion) is apparent in both the OMI and GOME-2 based tropospheric columns. The wide orbital swath of OMI allows examination of the evolution of tropospheric BrO on about hourly time intervals near the pole. Low surface pressure, strong wind, and high PBL height are associated with an observed BrO activation event, supporting the notion of bromine activation by high winds over snow.
C1 [Choi, S.; Wang, Y.; Zeng, T.; Huey, L. G.; Liao, J.; Curry, J.] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Salawitch, R. J.; Canty, T.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Joiner, J.; da Silva, A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Kurosu, T. P.; Chance, K.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Richter, A.] Univ Bremen, Inst Environm Phys, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
[Neuman, J. A.; Nowak, J. B.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Neuman, J. A.; Nowak, J. B.; Ryerson, T. B.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Dibb, J. E.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Weinheimer, A. J.; Kinnison, D.; Tilmes, S.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Diskin, G.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA.
[Levelt, P. F.] Royal Netherlands Meteorol Inst KNMI, De Bilt, Netherlands.
[Levelt, P. F.] Univ Technol Eindhoven, Eindhoven, Netherlands.
RP Choi, S (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
RI Wang, Yuhang/B-5578-2014; Nowak, John/B-1085-2008; Neuman,
Andy/A-1393-2009; Canty, Timothy/F-2631-2010; da Silva,
Arlindo/D-6301-2012; Joiner, Joanna/D-6264-2012; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015; Salawitch, Ross/B-4605-2009; Liao,
Jin/H-4865-2013; Ryerson, Tom/C-9611-2009; Richter, Andreas/C-4971-2008
OI Chance, Kelly/0000-0002-7339-7577; Nowak, John/0000-0002-5697-9807;
Neuman, Andy/0000-0002-3986-1727; Canty, Timothy/0000-0003-0618-056X; da
Silva, Arlindo/0000-0002-3381-4030; Salawitch, Ross/0000-0001-8597-5832;
Richter, Andreas/0000-0003-3339-212X
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA); National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); Smithsonian Institution
FX This work was supported by the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (NASA) IPY, ARCTAS, and Aura science team programs,
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) ARCPAC program,
GEST GSSP program, and Smithsonian Institution. The authors are grateful
to the NASA GMAO reanalysis processing teams as well as the GOME-2, OMI,
and MODIS data processing teams for providing data sets. The authors
also appreciate numerous helpful discussions with George Mount. We also
thank Nicolas Theys for sharing his calculations of stratospheric column
BrO and for many helpful email exchanges. Finally, the authors express
special thanks to the two anonymous referees and editor Jan W.
Bottenheim for valuable comments that improved this paper.
NR 98
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 2
U2 23
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1680-7316
EI 1680-7324
J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS
JI Atmos. Chem. Phys.
PY 2012
VL 12
IS 3
BP 1255
EP 1285
DI 10.5194/acp-12-1255-2012
PG 31
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 897ND
UT WOS:000300656500004
ER
PT J
AU Liao, J
Huey, LG
Scheuer, E
Dibb, JE
Stickel, RE
Tanner, DJ
Neuman, JA
Nowak, JB
Choi, S
Wang, Y
Salawitch, RJ
Canty, T
Chance, K
Kurosu, T
Suleiman, R
Weinheimer, AJ
Shetter, RE
Fried, A
Brune, W
Anderson, B
Zhang, X
Chen, G
Crawford, J
Hecobian, A
Ingall, ED
AF Liao, J.
Huey, L. G.
Scheuer, E.
Dibb, J. E.
Stickel, R. E.
Tanner, D. J.
Neuman, J. A.
Nowak, J. B.
Choi, S.
Wang, Y.
Salawitch, R. J.
Canty, T.
Chance, K.
Kurosu, T.
Suleiman, R.
Weinheimer, A. J.
Shetter, R. E.
Fried, A.
Brune, W.
Anderson, B.
Zhang, X.
Chen, G.
Crawford, J.
Hecobian, A.
Ingall, E. D.
TI Characterization of soluble bromide measurements and a case study of BrO
observations during ARCTAS
SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SURFACE OZONE DEPLETION; SUNRISE
EXPERIMENT 1992; POLAR SUNRISE; BOUNDARY-LAYER; AIR; TROPOSPHERE;
AEROSOL; SUMMIT; MODEL
AB A focus of the Arctic Research of the Composition of the Troposphere from Aircraft and Satellites (ARCTAS) mission was examination of bromine photochemistry in the spring time high latitude troposphere based on aircraft and satellite measurements of bromine oxide (BrO) and related species. The NASA DC-8 aircraft utilized a chemical ionization mass spectrometer (CIMS) to measure BrO and a mist chamber (MC) to measure soluble bromide. We have determined that the MC detection efficiency to molecular bromine (Br-2), hypobromous acid (HOBr), bromine oxide (BrO), and hydrogen bromide (HBr) as soluble bromide (Br-) was 0.9 +/- 0.1, 1.06 + 0.30/-0.35, 0.4 +/- 0.1, and 0.95 +/- 0.1, respectively. These efficiency factors were used to estimate soluble bromide levels along the DC-8 flight track of 17 April 2008 from photochemical calculations constrained to in situ BrO measured by CIMS. During this flight, the highest levels of soluble bromide and BrO were observed and atmospheric conditions were ideal for the spaceborne observation of BrO. The good agreement (R-2 = 0.76; slope = 0.95; intercept = -3.4 pmol mol(-1)) between modeled and observed soluble bromide, when BrO was above detection limit (>2 pmol mol(-1)) under unpolluted conditions (NO <10 pmol mol(-1)), indicates that the CIMS BrO measurements were consistent with the MC soluble bromide and that a well characterized MC can be used to derive mixing ratios of some reactive bromine compounds. Tropospheric BrO vertical column densities (BrOVCD) derived from CIMS BrO observations compare well with BrOTROPVCD from OMI on 17 April 2008.
C1 [Liao, J.; Huey, L. G.; Dibb, J. E.; Stickel, R. E.; Tanner, D. J.; Choi, S.; Wang, Y.; Zhang, X.; Hecobian, A.; Ingall, E. D.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Scheuer, E.] Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Neuman, J. A.; Nowak, J. B.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Neuman, J. A.; Nowak, J. B.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Salawitch, R. J.; Canty, T.] Univ Maryland, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Salawitch, R. J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Salawitch, R. J.] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Chance, K.; Kurosu, T.; Suleiman, R.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Weinheimer, A. J.; Shetter, R. E.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Div Atmospher Chem, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Fried, A.] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Brune, W.] Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Anderson, B.; Chen, G.; Crawford, J.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA.
RP Huey, LG (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
EM greg.huey@eas.gatech.edu
RI Wang, Yuhang/B-5578-2014; Neuman, Andy/A-1393-2009; Ingall,
Ellery/A-5447-2008; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015; Nowak,
John/B-1085-2008; Zhang, Xiaolu/F-9190-2011; Canty, Timothy/F-2631-2010;
Salawitch, Ross/B-4605-2009; Hecobian, Arsineh/A-9743-2012; Liao,
Jin/H-4865-2013; Crawford, James/L-6632-2013
OI Chance, Kelly/0000-0002-7339-7577; Neuman, Andy/0000-0002-3986-1727;
Ingall, Ellery/0000-0003-1954-0317; Nowak, John/0000-0002-5697-9807;
Canty, Timothy/0000-0003-0618-056X; Salawitch, Ross/0000-0001-8597-5832;
Hecobian, Arsineh/0000-0001-9511-4868; Crawford,
James/0000-0002-6982-0934
FU NASA [NNX08AR67G]; NASA Aura Science; ACMAP; ARCTAS
FX This work was funded by the NASA Tropospheric Program - Contract
NNX08AR67G, NASA Aura Science, ACMAP, and ARCTAS.
NR 46
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 3
U2 25
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1680-7316
J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS
JI Atmos. Chem. Phys.
PY 2012
VL 12
IS 3
BP 1327
EP 1338
DI 10.5194/acp-12-1327-2012
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 897ND
UT WOS:000300656500007
ER
PT J
AU Casey, SPF
Fetzer, EJ
Kahn, BH
AF Casey, S. P. F.
Fetzer, E. J.
Kahn, B. H.
TI Revised identification of tropical oceanic cumulus congestus as viewed
by CloudSat
SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TRIMODAL CHARACTERISTICS; CONVECTION; WAVES; RADAR; MJO
AB Congestus cloud convective features are examined in one year of tropical oceanic cloud observations from the CloudSat/CALIPSO instruments. Two types of convective clouds (cumulus and deep convective, based on classification profiles from radar), and associated differences in radar reflectivity and radar/lidar cloud-top height are considered. Congestus convective features are defined as contiguous convective clouds with heights between 3 and 9 km. Three criteria were used in previous studies to identify congestus: (1) CloudSat and CALIPSO cloud-top heights less than 1 km apart; (2) CloudSat 0 dBZ echo-top height less than 1 km from CloudSat cloud-top height, and (3) CloudSat 10 dBZ echo-top height less than 2 km from CloudSat cloud-top height. A majority of congestus convective features satisfy the second and third requirements. However, over 40% of convective features identified had no associated CALIPSO cloud-top height, predominantly due to the extinguishment of the lidar beam above the CloudSat-reported convective cloud. For the remaining cells, approximately 56% of these satisfy all three requirements; when considering the lidar beam-extinction issue, only 31% of congestus convective features are identified using these criteria. This implies that while previous methods used to identify congestus clouds may be accurate in finding vigorous convection (such as transient congestus rising toward the tropopause), these criteria may miss almost 70% of the total observed congestus convective features, suggesting a more general approach should be used to describe congestus and its surrounding environment.
C1 [Casey, S. P. F.; Fetzer, E. J.; Kahn, B. H.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
RP Casey, SPF (reprint author), Joint Ctr Satellite Data Assimilat, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM sean.casey@noaa.gov
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Government sponsorship
FX The research described in this paper was carried out at the Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a
contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. It was
supported by the NASA Making Earth Science Data Records for Use in
Research Environments (MEaSUREs) project. (C) 2011 California Institute
of Technology. Government sponsorship acknowledged.
NR 18
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 9
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1680-7316
J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS
JI Atmos. Chem. Phys.
PY 2012
VL 12
IS 3
BP 1587
EP 1595
DI 10.5194/acp-12-1587-2012
PG 9
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 897ND
UT WOS:000300656500023
ER
PT J
AU Fei, ZP
Ashraf, RS
Huang, ZG
Smith, J
Kline, RJ
D'Angelo, P
Anthopoulos, TD
Durrant, JR
McCulloch, I
Heeney, M
AF Fei, Zhuping
Ashraf, Raja Shahid
Huang, Zhenggang
Smith, Jeremy
Kline, R. Joseph
D'Angelo, Pasquale
Anthopoulos, Thomas D.
Durrant, James R.
McCulloch, Iain
Heeney, Martin
TI Germaindacenodithiophene based low band gap polymers for organic solar
cells
SO CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID PHOTOVOLTAIC PERFORMANCE; CONJUGATED POLYMERS; DITHIENOGERMOLE;
2,1,3-BENZOTHIADIAZOLE; TRANSISTORS; EFFICIENCY; ATOM
AB We report the first synthesis of a fused germaindacenodithiophene monomer and its polymerisation with 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole by Suzuki polycondensation. The resulting polymer, PGeTPTBT, is semicrystalline, despite the presence of four bulky 2-ethylhexyl groups. Blends with P70CBM afford solar cells with efficiencies of 5.02%.
C1 [Fei, Zhuping; Ashraf, Raja Shahid; Huang, Zhenggang; Durrant, James R.; McCulloch, Iain; Heeney, Martin] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Chem, London SW7 2AZ, England.
[Fei, Zhuping; Ashraf, Raja Shahid; Huang, Zhenggang; Smith, Jeremy; D'Angelo, Pasquale; Anthopoulos, Thomas D.; Durrant, James R.; McCulloch, Iain; Heeney, Martin] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Ctr Plast Elect, London SW7 2AZ, England.
[Smith, Jeremy; D'Angelo, Pasquale; Anthopoulos, Thomas D.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Phys, London SW7 2AZ, England.
[Kline, R. Joseph] NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Heeney, M (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Chem, London SW7 2AZ, England.
EM m.heeney@imperial.ac.uk
RI Kline, Regis/B-8557-2008; D'Angelo, Pasquale/E-2951-2012; Heeney,
Martin/O-1916-2013; ASHRAF, RAJA SHAHID/A-3640-2008
OI D'Angelo, Pasquale/0000-0002-4500-4457; Fei,
Zhuping/0000-0002-2160-9136; Heeney, Martin/0000-0001-6879-5020; ASHRAF,
RAJA SHAHID/0000-0003-1885-2271
FU Dutch Polymer Institute [678]
FX This work was supported by the Dutch Polymer Institute (grant 678).
Portions of this research were carried out at the Stanford Synchrotron
Radiation Lightsource, a Directorate of SLAC National Accelerator
Laboratory and an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U. S.
Department of Energy Office of Science by Stanford University. We thank
Michael F Toney for help with the GIWAXS measurements.
NR 21
TC 34
Z9 34
U1 1
U2 22
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1359-7345
J9 CHEM COMMUN
JI Chem. Commun.
PY 2012
VL 48
IS 24
BP 2955
EP 2957
DI 10.1039/c2cc17996b
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 896ML
UT WOS:000300570800006
PM 22318622
ER
PT J
AU McAllister, T
MacNeill, R
Erbay, O
Sarawit, A
Zarghamee, M
Kirkpatrick, S
Gross, J
AF McAllister, Therese
MacNeill, Robert
Erbay, Omer
Sarawit, Andrew
Zarghamee, Mehdi
Kirkpatrick, Steven
Gross, John
TI Analysis of Structural Response of WTC 7 to Fire and Sequential Failures
Leading to Collapse
SO JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING-ASCE
LA English
DT Article
DE World Trade Center; WTC 7; Fire-induced damage; Structural analysis;
Failure; Global collapse
AB This paper presents the structural analysis approach used and results obtained during the investigation conducted by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to model the sequence of fire-induced damage and failures leading to the global collapse of World Trade Center 7 (WTC 7). The structural analysis required a two-phased approach to address both the gradual response of the structure to fire before collapse initiation (approximately 4 h) and the rapid response of the structure during the collapse process (approximately 15 s). This paper emphasizes the first phase, a pseudostatic (implicit) analysis that simulated the response of structural elements to fires that spread and grew over several hours and presents key aspects of the second phase, a dynamic (explicit) analysis that used the first-phase damage as initial conditions and simulated the progression of structural failures that resulted in global collapse. The analyses accounted for (1) geometric nonlinearities; (2) temperature-dependent nonlinear materials behavior for both members and connections (including thermal expansion, degradation of stiffness, yield and ultimate strength, and creep); and (3) sequential failure of structural framing and connections. Analysis uncertainty was addressed by determining rational bounds on the complex set of input conditions and by running several multiphase analyses within those bounds. The structural response from each analysis was compared to the observed collapse behavior. This approach allowed evaluation of fire-induced damage, sequential component failures, and progression of component and subsystem failures through global collapse of WTC 7. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000398. (c) 2012 American Society of Civil Engineers.
C1 [McAllister, Therese; Gross, John] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[MacNeill, Robert; Kirkpatrick, Steven] Appl Res Associates, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA.
[Erbay, Omer; Sarawit, Andrew; Zarghamee, Mehdi] Simpson Gumpertz & Heger Inc, Waltham, MA 02453 USA.
RP McAllister, T (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM therese.mcallister@nist.gov
OI Kirkpatrick, Steven/0000-0001-9590-7980
NR 13
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 13
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0733-9445
J9 J STRUCT ENG-ASCE
JI J. Struct. Eng.-ASCE
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 138
IS 1
BP 109
EP 117
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000398
PG 9
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering
GA 894PX
UT WOS:000300440000012
ER
PT J
AU Moffat, TP
Josell, D
AF Moffat, T. P.
Josell, D.
TI Extreme Bottom-Up Superfilling of Through-Silicon-Vias by Damascene
Processing: Suppressor Disruption, Positive Feedback and Turing Patterns
SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID POLYETHYLENE-GLYCOL; COPPER ELECTRODEPOSITION;
2-MERCAPTO-5-BENZIMIDAZOLESULFONIC ACID; ELECTROCHEMICAL SYSTEMS;
SUBMICROMETER TRENCHES; MICRORING ELECTRODES; CU ELECTRODEPOSITION;
POLY(ETHYLENE OXIDE); BLOCKING INHIBITORS; SULFATE-SOLUTIONS
AB Extreme bottom-up copper superfilling of through-silicon-vias (TSV) is demonstrated using a CuSO4-H2SO4 electroplating bath containing chloride and a polyether suppressor. Via filling occurs almost exclusively by deposition on the bottom via surface. The differential between the incoming fluxes of hydrated metal cations and larger suppressor molecules is accentuated by the recessed via geometry and accounts for preferential metal deposition initiating and growing from the bottom surface. The bottom-up growth front eventually propagates beyond the via opening and a substantial overburden develops. Feature filling is enhanced in electrolytes with a high [Cu2+]/[H3O+] ratio where global coupling by migration helps sustain the flux of Cu2+ to actively growing surface sections. Bottom-up superfilling relies on positive feedback whereby inhibition provided by adsorption of the polyether additive on the chloride saturated surface is disrupted by the metal deposition reaction. Release of the water of hydration that accompanies reduction of the Cu2+ aquo complex contributes to the sustained disruption of suppressor activity at the growth front. The correlation between TSV superfilling and additive-generated voltammetric hysteresis on planar substrates, which also involves a negative-differential-resistance (S-NDR) coupled with the electrolyte resistance, provides a general framework for understanding and guiding optimization of the bottom-up growth mode in recessed surface features. (C) 2012 The Electrochemical Society. [DOI: 10.1149/2.040204jes] All rights reserved.
C1 [Moffat, T. P.; Josell, D.] NIST, Div Met, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Moffat, TP (reprint author), NIST, Div Met, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM thomas.moffat@nist.gov
NR 67
TC 61
Z9 61
U1 9
U2 108
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA
SN 0013-4651
EI 1945-7111
J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC
JI J. Electrochem. Soc.
PY 2012
VL 159
IS 4
BP D208
EP D216
DI 10.1149/2.040204jes
PG 9
WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films
SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science
GA 895HZ
UT WOS:000300488300055
ER
PT J
AU Stavis, SM
Geist, J
Gaitan, M
Locascio, LE
Strychalski, EA
AF Stavis, Samuel M.
Geist, Jon
Gaitan, Michael
Locascio, Laurie E.
Strychalski, Elizabeth A.
TI DNA molecules descending a nanofluidic staircase by entropophoresis
SO LAB ON A CHIP
LA English
DT Article
ID CONFINEMENT; ELECTROPHORESIS; NANOCHANNELS; STATISTICS; SEPARATION;
DIFFUSION; DYNAMICS; ARRAYS
AB A complex entropy gradient for confined DNA molecules was engineered for the first time. Following the second law of thermodynamics, this enabled the directed self-transport and self-concentration of DNA molecules. This new nanofluidic method is termed entropophoresis. As implemented in experiments, long DNA molecules were dyed with cyanine dimers, dispersed in a high ionic strength buffer, and confined by a nanofluidic channel with a depth profile approximated by a staircase function. The staircase step depths spanned the transition from strong to moderate confinement. The diffusion of DNA molecules across slitlike steps was ratcheted by entropic forces applied at step edges, so that DNA molecules descended and collected at the bottom of the staircase, as observed by fluorescence microscopy. Different DNA morphologies, lengths, and stoichiometric base pair to dye molecule ratios were tested and determined to influence the rate of transport by entropophoresis. A model of ratcheted diffusion was used to interpret a shifting balance of forces applied to linear DNA molecules of standard length in a complex free energy landscape. Related metrics for the overall and optimum performance of entropophoresis were developed. The device and method reported here transcend current limitations in nanofluidics and present new possibilities in polymer physics, biophysics, separation science, and lab-on-a-chip technology.
C1 [Stavis, Samuel M.; Geist, Jon; Gaitan, Michael] NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Phys Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Locascio, Laurie E.; Strychalski, Elizabeth A.] NIST, Biochem Sci Div, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Stavis, SM (reprint author), NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Phys Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM sstavis@nist.gov
OI Geist, Jon/0000-0001-7749-318X
FU National Science Foundation; National Research Council
FX This work was performed in part while S.M.S. and E.A.S. held National
Research Council Research Associateship Awards. Device fabrication was
performed at the Cornell Nanoscale Science and Technology Facility
(CNF), a member of the National Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network,
and the Cornell Center for Materials Research, both supported by the
National Science Foundation. Device characterization was performed in
part at the National Institute of Standards and Technology Center for
Nanoscale Science and Technology. The authors gratefully acknowledge the
staff of the CNF staff for assistance with device fabrication.
NR 32
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 16
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1473-0197
J9 LAB CHIP
JI Lab Chip
PY 2012
VL 12
IS 6
BP 1174
EP 1182
DI 10.1039/c2lc21152a
PG 9
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience
& Nanotechnology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Science & Technology -
Other Topics
GA 895QO
UT WOS:000300511500022
PM 22278088
ER
PT J
AU Godin, OA
AF Godin, O. A.
TI On the possibility of using acoustic reverberation for remote sensing of
ocean dynamics
SO ACOUSTICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE acoustic tomography; noise interferometry; sound scattering; diffuse
wave fields; acoustics of moving media
ID CROSS-CORRELATION FUNCTION; GREENS-FUNCTION RETRIEVAL; SURFACE-WAVE
TOMOGRAPHY; AMBIENT SEISMIC NOISE; THERMAL FLUCTUATIONS; DISCRETE
SPECTRUM; SCATTERING MEDIUM; DIFFUSE FIELD; MOVING MEDIUM; OPEN SYSTEMS
AB The two-point correlation function of diffuse noise fields produced by distributed random sound sources carries useful information on the medium of sound propagation. Such information can be used for performing passive acoustic tomography of the ocean. In a number of cases that are important for practice, the noise field in the ocean is predominated by contributions of individual point sources. Here, a theoretical study is presented on the possibility of determining the sound speed and current velocity in the water column by the correlation processing of reverberation signals measured by two vertical receiving arrays. In other words, we study the possibility of replacing the diffuse noise produced by a great number of delta-correlated sources by waves generated by a localized source and scattered at the rough surface and bottom of the ocean for sensing the medium. The correlation function of scattered waves is calculated by using the method of small perturbations. It is shown that the correlation processing of the scattered waves offers an opportunity of measuring the acoustic nonreciprocity and reconstructing the field of sound speed in the fluid, without using any acoustiLc transceivers.
C1 [Godin, O. A.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Div Phys Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Godin, O. A.] NOAA Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Godin, OA (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Div Phys Sci, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM Oleg.Godin@noaa.gov
RI Godin, Oleg/E-6554-2011
OI Godin, Oleg/0000-0003-4599-2149
FU NAVAIR [N68335-10-C-0414]; CRDF [RUPI-2978-MO-10]
FX The studies on which the present paper is based were supported by NAVAIR
(project no. N68335-10-C-0414) and CRDF (project no. RUPI-2978-MO-10.
NR 53
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 6
PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA
SN 1063-7710
J9 ACOUST PHYS+
JI Acoust. Phys.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 58
IS 1
BP 129
EP 138
DI 10.1134/S1063771012010101
PG 10
WC Acoustics
SC Acoustics
GA 891UF
UT WOS:000300241400014
ER
PT J
AU Ispas, CR
Crivat, G
Andreescu, S
AF Ispas, Cristina R.
Crivat, Georgeta
Andreescu, Silvana
TI REVIEW: RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN ENZYME-BASED BIOSENSORS FOR BIOMEDICAL
ANALYSIS
SO ANALYTICAL LETTERS
LA English
DT Review
DE Bioanalysis; Biomedical; Electrochemical; Enzyme biosensors; Optical;
Review
ID RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER; HIGHLY SENSITIVE DETECTION; GREEN FLUORESCENT
PROTEIN; ON-A-CHIP; QUANTUM DOTS; IN-VIVO; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; DIRECT
ELECTROCHEMISTRY; LACTATE-DEHYDROGENASE; GRAPHENE NANOSHEETS
AB The need for simple, rapid, cost-effective, and portable screening methods has boosted the development of practical biosensors with applications in clinical monitoring, and diagnosis of disease. Compared with traditional analytical methods, enzyme-based bioanalytical devices have several distinct advantages such as high sensitivity and specificity, portability, cost-effectiveness, and the possibilities for miniaturization and mass production. Additionally, they can be developed for point-of-care diagnostic testing. This paper reviews recent advances in the development of enzyme biosensors, design characteristics, performances, and applications with a focus on electrochemical and optical sensors. Recent emerging technologies and innovative biosensing designs, such as nanosensors, paper based-sensors, lab-on-a-chip, biochips, and microfluidic devices are discussed. Specific applications in bioanalysis, clinical diagnosis, and pharmacology are discussed.
C1 [Ispas, Cristina R.; Andreescu, Silvana] Clarkson Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Sci, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA.
[Crivat, Georgeta] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Opt Technol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Crivat, Georgeta] NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
RP Andreescu, S (reprint author), Clarkson Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Sci, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA.
EM eandrees@clarkson.edu
RI Ispas, Cristina/F-9300-2011;
OI Andreescu, Silvana/0000-0003-3382-7939
FU NSF [0954919]
FX This work was supported by NSF grant 0954919 to SA.
NR 109
TC 50
Z9 51
U1 18
U2 172
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0003-2719
J9 ANAL LETT
JI Anal. Lett.
PY 2012
VL 45
IS 2-3
BP 168
EP 186
DI 10.1080/00032719.2011.633188
PG 19
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 894CV
UT WOS:000300405500005
ER
PT J
AU Burton, SP
Ferrare, RA
Hostetler, CA
Hair, JW
Rogers, RR
Obland, MD
Butler, CF
Cook, AL
Harper, DB
Froyd, KD
AF Burton, S. P.
Ferrare, R. A.
Hostetler, C. A.
Hair, J. W.
Rogers, R. R.
Obland, M. D.
Butler, C. F.
Cook, A. L.
Harper, D. B.
Froyd, K. D.
TI Aerosol classification using airborne High Spectral Resolution Lidar
measurements - methodology and examples
SO ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
LA English
DT Article
ID TO-BACKSCATTER RATIO; SPACE TECHNOLOGY EXPERIMENT; ATMOSPHERIC
BOUNDARY-LAYER; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; SAHARAN DUST; RAMAN LIDAR;
MULTIWAVELENGTH LIDAR; TROPOSPHERIC AEROSOL; ASIAN DUST; MICROPHYSICAL
PROPERTIES
AB The NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC) airborne High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL) on the NASA B200 aircraft has acquired extensive datasets of aerosol extinction (532 nm), aerosol optical depth (AOD) (532 nm), backscatter (532 and 1064 nm), and depolarization (532 and 1064 nm) profiles during 18 field missions that have been conducted over North America since 2006. The lidar measurements of aerosol intensive parameters (lidar ratio, depolarization, backscatter color ratio, and spectral depolarization ratio) are shown to vary with location and aerosol type. A methodology based on observations of known aerosol types is used to qualitatively classify the extensive set of HSRL aerosol measurements into eight separate types. Several examples are presented showing how the aerosol intensive parameters vary with aerosol type and how these aerosols are classified according to this new methodology. The HSRL-based classification reveals vertical variability of aerosol types during the NASA ARCTAS field experiment conducted over Alaska and northwest Canada during 2008. In two examples derived from flights conducted during ARCTAS, the HSRL classification of biomass burning smoke is shown to be consistent with aerosol types derived from coincident airborne in situ measurements of particle size and composition. The HSRL retrievals of AOD and inferences of aerosol types are used to apportion AOD to aerosol type; results of this analysis are shown for several experiments.
C1 [Burton, S. P.; Ferrare, R. A.; Hostetler, C. A.; Hair, J. W.; Rogers, R. R.; Obland, M. D.; Cook, A. L.; Harper, D. B.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
[Butler, C. F.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Hampton, VA 23666 USA.
[Froyd, K. D.] NOAA, Div Chem Sci, ESRL, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Burton, SP (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
EM sharon.p.burton@nasa.gov
RI Froyd, Karl/H-6607-2013; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015
FU NASA HQ Science Mission Directorate; NASA CALIPSO; US Department of
Energy; Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental
Research program [DE-AI02-05ER63985]
FX Funding for this research came from the NASA HQ Science Mission
Directorate Radiation Sciences Program; the NASA CALIPSO project; and
the US Department of Energy's Atmospheric Science Program Atmospheric
System Research, an Office of Science, Office of Biological and
Environmental Research program, under Grant No. DE-AI02-05ER63985. The
authors also acknowledge the NOAA Air Resources Laboratory (ARL) for the
provision of the HYSPLIT transport and dispersion model and READY
website (http://www.arl.noaa.gov/ready.php) used for some of the
analysis described in this publication. The authors would also like to
thank the NASA Langley B200 King Air flight crew for their outstanding
work in support of HSRL measurements.
NR 102
TC 102
Z9 107
U1 3
U2 46
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1867-1381
EI 1867-8548
J9 ATMOS MEAS TECH
JI Atmos. Meas. Tech.
PY 2012
VL 5
IS 1
BP 73
EP 98
DI 10.5194/amt-5-73-2012
PG 26
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 891RE
UT WOS:000300233500004
ER
PT J
AU Ulbrich, IM
Canagaratna, MR
Cubison, MJ
Zhang, Q
Ng, NL
Aiken, AC
Jimenez, JL
AF Ulbrich, I. M.
Canagaratna, M. R.
Cubison, M. J.
Zhang, Q.
Ng, N. L.
Aiken, A. C.
Jimenez, J. L.
TI Three-dimensional factorization of size-resolved organic aerosol mass
spectra from Mexico City
SO ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
LA English
DT Article
ID POSITIVE MATRIX FACTORIZATION; FACTOR-ANALYTIC MODELS; AIRBORNE
PARTICULATE MATTER; GENERATING PARTICLE BEAMS; PARALLEL FACTOR-ANALYSIS;
URBAN SUPERSITE T0; NEW-YORK-CITY; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT;
HIGH-RESOLUTION; RECEPTOR MODEL
AB A size-resolved submicron organic aerosol composition dataset from a high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS) collected in Mexico City during the MILAGRO campaign in March 2006 is analyzed using 3-dimensional (3-D) factorization models. A method for estimating the precision of the size-resolved composition data for use with the factorization models is presented here for the first time. Two 3-D models are applied to the dataset. One model is a 3-vector decomposition (PARAFAC model), which assumes that each chemical component has a constant size distribution over all time steps. The second model is a vector-matrix decomposition (Tucker 1 model) that allows a chemical component to have a size distribution that varies in time. To our knowledge, this is the first report of an application of 3-D factorization models to data from fast aerosol instrumentation, and the first application of this vector-matrix model to any ambient aerosol dataset. A larger number of degrees of freedom in the vector-matrix model enable fitting real variations in factor size distributions, but also make the model susceptible to fitting noise in the dataset, giving some unphysical results. For this dataset and model, more physically meaningful results were obtained by partially constraining the factor mass spectra using a priori information and a new regularization method. We find four factors with each model: hydrocarbon-like organic aerosol (HOA), biomass-burning organic aerosol (BBOA), oxidized organic aerosol (OOA), and a locally occurring organic aerosol (LOA). These four factors have previously been reported from 2-dimensional factor analysis of the high-resolution mass spectral dataset from this study. The size distributions of these four factors are consistent with previous reports for these particle types. Both 3-D models produce useful results, but the vector-matrix model captures real variability in the size distributions that cannot be captured by the 3-vector model. A tracer m/z-based method provides a useful approximation for the component size distributions in this study. Variation in the size distributions is demonstrated in a case study day with a large secondary aerosol formation event, in which there is evidence for the coating of HOA-containing particles with secondary species, shifting the HOA size distribution to larger particle sizes. These 3-D factorizations could be used to extract size-resolved aerosol composition data for correlation with aerosol hygroscopicity, cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), and other aerosol impacts. Furthermore, other fast and chemically complex 3-D datasets, including those from thermal desorption or chromatographic separation, could be analyzed with these 3-D factorization models. Applications of these models to new datasets requires careful construction of error estimates and appropriate choice of models that match the underlying structure of those data. Factorization studies with these 3-D datasets have the potential to provide further insights into organic aerosol sources and processing.
C1 [Ulbrich, I. M.; Cubison, M. J.; Aiken, A. C.; Jimenez, J. L.] Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Ulbrich, I. M.; Aiken, A. C.; Jimenez, J. L.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Canagaratna, M. R.; Ng, N. L.] Aerodyne Res Inc, Billerica, MA 01821 USA.
[Zhang, Q.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Toxicol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Jimenez, JL (reprint author), Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM jose.jimenez@colorado.edu
RI Jimenez, Jose/A-5294-2008; Zhang, Qi/F-9653-2010; Aiken,
Allison/B-9659-2009
OI Jimenez, Jose/0000-0001-6203-1847; Aiken, Allison/0000-0001-5749-7626
FU NSF [ATM-0919189]; CIRES; [NOAA NA08OAR4310565]
FX We are grateful to A. Escrig for discussions of implementing models in
the ME-2 script language, P. Paatero and the AMS users community for
helpful discussions, and to the JILA writing workshop and especially to
J. Phillips. We thank J. Allan, P. Paatero, and an anonymous reviewer
for their helpful comments in reviewing the manuscript. This research
was supported by grants NOAA NA08OAR4310565, NSF ATM-0919189, and a
CIRES Graduate Student Research Fellowship to I. Ulbrich. This paper has
not been reviewed by any of the funding agencies and thus no endorsement
should be inferred.
NR 88
TC 19
Z9 20
U1 3
U2 36
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1867-1381
J9 ATMOS MEAS TECH
JI Atmos. Meas. Tech.
PY 2012
VL 5
IS 1
BP 195
EP 224
DI 10.5194/amt-5-195-2012
PG 30
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 891RE
UT WOS:000300233500011
ER
PT J
AU Thomas, RM
Lehmann, K
Nguyen, H
Jackson, DL
Wolfe, D
Ramanathan, V
AF Thomas, R. M.
Lehmann, K.
Nguyen, H.
Jackson, D. L.
Wolfe, D.
Ramanathan, V.
TI Measurement of turbulent water vapor fluxes using a lightweight unmanned
aerial vehicle system
SO ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
LA English
DT Article
ID CONVECTIVE BOUNDARY-LAYER; LATENT-HEAT; AIRCRAFT; AIRBORNE; ENVIRONMENT;
ABSORPTION; PROFILES; LIDARS; CARBON; ERRORS
AB We present here the first application of a lightweight unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) system designed to measure turbulent properties and vertical latent heat fluxes (lambda E). Such measurements are crucial to improve our understanding of linkages between surface moisture supply and boundary layer clouds and phenomena such as atmospheric rivers. The application of UAVs allows for measurements on spatial scales complimentary to satellite, aircraft, and tower derived fluxes. Key system components are: a turbulent gust probe; a fast response water vapor sensor; an inertial navigation system (INS) coupled to global positioning system (GPS); and a 100 Hz data logging system. We present measurements made in the continental boundary layer at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Dryden Research Flight Facility located in the Mojave Desert. Two flights consisting of several horizontal straight flux run legs up to ten kilometers in length and between 330 and 930 m above ground level (m a. g. l.) are compared to measurement from a surface tower. Surface measured lambda E ranged from -53 W m(-2) to 41 W m(-2), and the application of a Butterworth High Pass Filter (HPF) to the datasets improved agreement to within +/-12 W m(-2) for 86% of flux runs, by removing improperly sampled low frequency flux contributions. This result, along with power and co-spectral comparisons and consideration of the differing spatial scales indicates the system is able to resolve vertical fluxes for the measurement conditions encountered. Challenges remain, and the outcome of these measurements will be used to inform future sampling strategies and further system development.
C1 [Thomas, R. M.; Lehmann, K.; Nguyen, H.; Ramanathan, V.] Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Clouds Chem & Climate C4, Scripps Inst Oceanog SIO, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Jackson, D. L.] Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Jackson, D. L.; Wolfe, D.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Thomas, RM (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Clouds Chem & Climate C4, Scripps Inst Oceanog SIO, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM rmthomas@ucsd.edu
RI Jackson, Darren/D-5506-2015
OI Jackson, Darren/0000-0001-5211-7866
FU NOAA [NOAA NA17RJ1231]; NSF [ATM0721142]
FX We would like to acknowledge the outstanding contributions to this
system made by the late Katrin Lehmann, whose life was tragically cut
short by a hiking accident. Katrin was responsible for the initial
design and construction and programming of the system elements, and laid
solid foundations for the excellent system performance encountered
during this experiment. We are indebted to NOAA (Gary Wick, Robbie Hood,
Marty Ralph), for funding this project through research grant NOAA
NA17RJ1231. Thanks to Todd Jacobs for assisting with Tower data
collection, Mike Rezin for technical help, to the pilots Phillip
Corcoran and Rafael Gaytan, and Mike Marston for arranging the use of
the NASA Dryden Flight Research Center. V. Ramanathan's participation
was funded by NSF, ATM0721142.
NR 45
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 5
U2 27
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1867-1381
EI 1867-8548
J9 ATMOS MEAS TECH
JI Atmos. Meas. Tech.
PY 2012
VL 5
IS 1
BP 243
EP 257
DI 10.5194/amt-5-243-2012
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 891RE
UT WOS:000300233500013
ER
PT J
AU Greenlee, LF
Hooker, SA
AF Greenlee, Lauren F.
Hooker, Stephanie A.
TI Development of stabilized zero valent iron nanoparticles
SO DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Carboxymethyl cellulose; Nanoparticle characterization; Organic
contaminant; Zero valent iron; Stabilizer; Nanoparticle synthesis
ID FE-PD NANOPARTICLES; BIMETALLIC NANOPARTICLES; CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE;
NONIONIC SURFACTANT; PALLADIZED IRON; HUMIC-ACID; DECHLORINATION;
TRICHLOROETHYLENE; SIZE; HYDRODECHLORINATION
AB Many organic micropollutants have recently been identified in natural water sources and treated drinking water. Often, these compounds are not successfully degraded or removed by current water treatment processes. There is an increasing interest in developing new water treatment technologies based on catalytic nanoparticles to take advantage of enhanced particle reactivity at the nanoscale. Our current research focuses on the development and characterization of zero valent iron (ZVI) nanoparticles to improve nanoparticle design and enhance particle reactivity. The focus of this study was to evaluate two different iron salts as starting materials and to evaluate three different carboxymethyl cellulose stabilizers. The stabilizers were evaluated for their ability to stabilize ZVI nanoparticles during synthesis and to produce dispersed nanoparticles with narrow size distributions. Nanoparticles with a modal particle diameter of less than 50 nm were obtained. Particles were characterized using electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, thermogravimetric analysis, and zeta potential.
C1 [Greenlee, Lauren F.; Hooker, Stephanie A.] NIST, Div Mat Reliabil, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Greenlee, LF (reprint author), NIST, Div Mat Reliabil, Boulder, CO USA.
EM lauren.greenlee@nist.gov
OI Greenlee, Lauren/0000-0001-6147-1533
NR 18
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 51
PU DESALINATION PUBL
PI HOPKINTON
PA 36 WALCOTT VALLEY DRIVE,, HOPKINTON, MA 01748 USA
SN 1944-3994
J9 DESALIN WATER TREAT
JI Desalin. Water Treat.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 37
IS 1-3
BP 114
EP 121
DI 10.5004/dwt.2012.2526
PG 8
WC Engineering, Chemical; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Water Resources
GA 893NP
UT WOS:000300362900014
ER
PT J
AU Doucette, GJ
Mikulski, CM
King, KL
Roth, PB
Wang, ZH
Leandro, LF
DeGrasse, SL
White, KD
De Biase, D
Gillett, RM
Rolland, RM
AF Doucette, Gregory J.
Mikulski, Christina M.
King, Kristen L.
Roth, Patricia B.
Wang, Zhihong
Leandro, Luis F.
DeGrasse, Stacey L.
White, Kevin D.
De Biase, Daniela
Gillett, Roxanne M.
Rolland, Rosalind M.
TI Endangered North Atlantic right whales (Eubalaena glacialis) experience
repeated, concurrent exposure to multiple environmental neurotoxins
produced by marine algae
SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Domoic acid; Eubalaena glacialis; Harmful algal blooms; Paralytic
shellfish toxins; Reproductive failure; Saxitoxin
ID LIONS ZALOPHUS-CALIFORNIANUS; FREE-FLOATING FECES; DOMOIC ACID; SEA
LIONS; EASTERN CANADA; FUNDY; BAY; HEALTH; TOXICITY; TOXINS
AB The western North Atlantic population of right whales (Eubalaena glacialis) is one of the most critically endangered of any whale population in the world. Among the factors considered to have potentially adverse effects on the health and reproduction of E. glacialis are biotoxins produced by certain microalgae responsible for causing harmful algal blooms. The worldwide incidence of these events has continued to increase dramatically over the past several decades and is expected to remain problematic under predicted climate change scenarios. Previous investigations have demonstrated that N. Atlantic right whales are being exposed to at least two classes of algal-produced environmental neurotoxins-paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) and domoic acid (DA). Our primary aims during this six-year study (2001-2006) were to assess whether the whales' exposure to these algal biotoxins occurred annually over multiple years, and to what extent individual whales were exposed repeatedly and/or concurrently to one or both toxin classes. Approximately 140 right whale fecal samples obtained across multiple habitats in the western N. Atlantic were analyzed for PSTs and DA. About 40% of these samples were attributed to individual whales in the North Atlantic Right Whale Catalog, permitting analysis of biotoxin exposure according to sex, age class, and reproductive status/history. Our findings demonstrate clearly that right whales are being exposed to both of these algal biotoxins on virtually an annual basis in multiple habitats for periods of up to six months (April through September), with similar exposure rates for females and males (PSTs: similar to 70-80%; DA: similar to 25-30%). Notably, only one of 14 lactating females sampled did not contain either PSTs or DA, suggesting the potential for maternal toxin transfer and possible effects on neonatal animals. Moreover, 22% of the fecal samples tested for PSTs and DA showed concurrent exposure to both neurotoxins, leading to questions of interactive effects. Targeted studies employing both in vivo and in vitro model systems represent the next logical step in assessing how and to what extent these algal biotoxins might compromise the health and reproduction of this endangered population. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Doucette, Gregory J.; Mikulski, Christina M.; King, Kristen L.; Wang, Zhihong; Leandro, Luis F.] NOAA Natl Ocean Serv, Marine Biotoxins Program, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Roth, Patricia B.] Coll Charleston, Grice Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[DeGrasse, Stacey L.; White, Kevin D.] US FDA, Off Regulatory Sci, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[De Biase, Daniela] Sapienza Univ Roma, Ist Pasteur, Fdn Cenci Bolognetti, Dipartimento Sci Biotecnol Med Chirurg, I-04100 Latina, Italy.
[Gillett, Roxanne M.] Trent Univ, Nat Resources DNA Profiling & Forens Ctr, Dept Biol, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada.
[Rolland, Rosalind M.] New England Aquarium, Res Dept, Boston, MA 02110 USA.
RP Doucette, GJ (reprint author), NOAA Natl Ocean Serv, Marine Biotoxins Program, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
EM greg.doucette@noaa.gov
RI Doucette, Gregory/M-3283-2013;
OI DeGrasse, Stacey/0000-0001-7808-4193; De Biase,
Daniela/0000-0003-3536-9927
FU NOAA/NMFS [50-EANF-0-00047, EA133F-02-SE-0155, DG133F-04-CN-0056];
Northeast Consortium [02-557]; Morris Animal Foundation; Island
Foundation; International Fund for Animal Welfare; Bernice Barbour
Foundation; NOAA/NOS
FX Funding for the collection, processing and analysis of samples, and
analysis of the resulting data was provided in part by grants to R.M.R.
from NOAA/NMFS (#s 50-EANF-0-00047, EA133F-02-SE-0155,
DG133F-04-CN-0056), Northeast Consortium (02-557), Morris Animal
Foundation, Island Foundation, International Fund for Animal Welfare,
and Bernice Barbour Foundation, and in part by NOAA/NOS operational
funds to G.J.D.
NR 58
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 5
U2 65
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0013-9351
J9 ENVIRON RES
JI Environ. Res.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 112
BP 67
EP 76
DI 10.1016/j.envres.2011.09.010
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health
GA 885TX
UT WOS:000299804800008
PM 22018895
ER
PT J
AU Wang, XM
Wang, CH
Wu, MM
Wang, YX
Jing, XP
AF Wang, Xiao-Ming
Wang, Chun-Hai
Wu, M. M.
Wang, Y. X.
Jing, Xi-Ping
TI O/N ordering in the structure of Ca3Si2O4N2 and the luminescence
properties of the Ce3+ doped material
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID REDUCTION-NITRIDATION METHOD; LIGHT-EMITTING DIODE; SIALON-EU PHOSPHORS;
O-N SYSTEM; ALPHA-SIALON; OXONITRIDOALUMINOSILICATES SIALONS;
CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; WHITE LEDS; CA; NITRIDOSILICATES
AB A white powder of oxonitridosilicate Ca3Si2O4N2 was synthesized at 1450 degrees C from CaCO3, Si3N4 and SiO2. The crystal structure was refined using X-ray and neutron powder diffraction data with subsequent Rietveld refinements (R-wp = 7.35 for XRD and R-wp = 5.53 for NPD). The phase has a cubic unit cell with space group Pa (3) over bar (no. 205), cell parameters a = 15.0739(2) angstrom and Z = 24. In contrast with most layered oxonitridosilicates, such as MSi2O2N2 (M = Ca, Sr, Ba), Ba3Si6O9N4 and Ce4Si4O5N6, Ca3Si2O4N2 is constructed of highly corrugated 12-membered rings of [Si12O24N12], which is composed of [SiO2N2] tetrahedra. N atoms fully occupy the bridging sites and O atoms fully occupy the terminal sites. This structure is also supported by the Si-29 NMR measurement. The photoluminescence of Ce3+ doped Ca3Si2O4N2 shows that the phosphor has a typical shouldered emission band peaking at 470 nm and the phosphor can be efficiently excited in the range 300-400 nm, which makes it an attractive candidate phosphor for the application in phosphor-converted light-emitting diodes (pc-LEDs).
C1 [Wang, Xiao-Ming; Wang, Chun-Hai; Wang, Y. X.; Jing, Xi-Ping] Peking Univ, Beijing Natl Lab Mol Sci, State Key Lab Rare Earth Mat Chem & Applicat, Coll Chem & Mol Engn, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Wu, M. M.] China Inst Atom Energy, Beijing 102413, Peoples R China.
[Wu, M. M.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Jing, XP (reprint author), Peking Univ, Beijing Natl Lab Mol Sci, State Key Lab Rare Earth Mat Chem & Applicat, Coll Chem & Mol Engn, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
EM xpjing@pku.edu.cn
RI Wang, Chun-Hai/J-2814-2014
OI Wang, Chun-Hai/0000-0001-5527-199X
FU National Nature Science Foundation of China [20821091, 20423005];
National Institute of Standards and Technology, US Department of
Commerce
FX We are thankful for financial support from the National Nature Science
Foundation of China (20821091 and 20423005). We acknowledge the support
of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, US Department of
Commerce, in providing facilities used in this work. Thanks are also
given to Prof. C.-X. Guo (the Key Laboratory of Science and Technology
of Controllable Chemical Reactions, Ministry of Education, Beijing
University of Chemical Technology) for providing 29Si
solid-state NMR measurements.
NR 36
TC 12
Z9 14
U1 4
U2 41
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0959-9428
EI 1364-5501
J9 J MATER CHEM
JI J. Mater. Chem.
PY 2012
VL 22
IS 8
BP 3388
EP 3394
DI 10.1039/c2jm13852b
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 884HL
UT WOS:000299695400019
ER
PT S
AU Vogl, U
Sass, A
Weitz, M
AF Vogl, Ulrich
Sass, Anne
Weitz, Martin
BE Epstein, RI
SheikBahae, M
TI Laser Cooling of Dense Rubidium-Noble Gas Mixtures via Collisional
Redistribution of Radiation
SO LASER REFRIGERATION OF SOLIDS V
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Laser Refrigeration of Solids V
CY JAN 25-26, 2012
CL San Francisco, CA
SP SPIE
DE Laser cooling; optical refrigeration; collisional redistribution
ID NEUTRAL ATOMS; FLUORESCENCE; TEMPERATURE; ABSORPTION; LIQUIDS; LINE
AB We describe experiments on the laser cooling of both helium-rubidium and argon-rubidium gas mixtures by collisional redistribution of radiation. Frequent alkali-noble gas collisions in the ultradense gas, with typically 200 bar of noble buffer gas pressure, shift a highly red detuned optical beam into resonance with a rubidium D-line transition, while spontaneous decay occurs close to the unshifted atomic resonance frequency. The technique allows for the laser cooling of macroscopic ensembles of gas atoms. The use of helium as a buffer gas leads to smaller temperature changes within the gas volume due to the high thermal conductivity of this buffer gas, as compared to the heavier argon noble gas, while the heat transfer within the cell is improved.
C1 [Vogl, Ulrich] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD USA.
RP Vogl, U (reprint author), NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD USA.
EM uvogl@umd.edu
RI Vogl, Ulrich/G-4624-2014
OI Vogl, Ulrich/0000-0003-2399-2797
NR 30
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-81948-918-0
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2012
VL 8275
AR 827508
DI 10.1117/12.905897
PG 8
WC Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Optics; Physics
GA BYT91
UT WOS:000300254800005
ER
PT J
AU Dattoli, EN
Davydov, AV
Benkstein, KD
AF Dattoli, Eric N.
Davydov, Albert V.
Benkstein, Kurt D.
TI Tin oxide nanowire sensor with integrated temperature and gate control
for multi-gas recognition
SO NANOSCALE
LA English
DT Article
ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTOR; THICK-FILM SENSORS; ELECTRONIC NOSE; SNO2
NANOWIRES; METAL; CATALYSIS; SURFACE; ARRAYS; OXYGEN; NANOSTRUCTURES
AB The selectivity of a chemiresistive gas sensor comprising an array of single-crystalline tin oxide nanowires (NWs) is shown to be greatly enhanced by combined temperature and gate voltage modulation. This dual modulation was effected by a novel microsensor platform that consisted of a suspended nitride membrane embedded with independently addressable platinum heater and back-gate structures. The sensor was evaluated in a chemical vapor exposure test consisting of three volatile organic compound (VOC) analytes in an air background; VOC concentrations ranged from 20 mu mol/mol to 80 mu mol/mol. During the exposure test, the temperature and gating conditions of the NW sensor were modulated in order to induce variations in the sensor's analyte response behavior. By treating these temperature-and gate-dependent analyte response variations as an identifying "fingerprint,'' analyte identification was achieved using a statistical pattern recognition procedure, linear discriminant analysis (LDA). Through optimization of this pattern recognition procedure, a VOC recognition rate of 98% was obtained. An analysis of the recognition results revealed that this high recognition rate could only be achieved through the combined modulation of temperature and gate bias as compared to either parameter alone. Overall, the highly accurate VOC analyte discrimination that was achieved here confirms the selectivity benefits provided by the utilized dual modulation approach and demonstrates the suitability of miniature nanowire sensors in real-world, multi-chemical detection problems.
C1 [Dattoli, Eric N.; Davydov, Albert V.; Benkstein, Kurt D.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Dattoli, EN (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr,MS 8362, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM edattoli1@gmail.com
RI Davydov, Albert/F-7773-2010
OI Davydov, Albert/0000-0003-4512-2311
FU NIST-National Research Council (NRC)
FX E.N.D. acknowledges support provided through the NIST-National Research
Council (NRC) Postdoctoral Associateship Program and valuable assistance
from Phil Rogers, Chip Montgomery, Michael Carrier, Steve Semancik, and
Sergiy Krylyuk (NIST).
NR 60
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 5
U2 67
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 2040-3364
J9 NANOSCALE
JI Nanoscale
PY 2012
VL 4
IS 5
BP 1760
EP 1769
DI 10.1039/c2nr11885h
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 894NO
UT WOS:000300433700057
PM 22297465
ER
PT J
AU Cicerone, MT
Douglas, JF
AF Cicerone, Marcus T.
Douglas, Jack F.
TI beta-Relaxation governs protein stability in sugar-glass matrices
SO SOFT MATTER
LA English
DT Article
ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; STOKES-EINSTEIN RELATIONSHIP; HUMAN
GROWTH-HORMONE; SECONDARY RELAXATIONS; STORAGE STABILITY; SOLID-STATE;
LYOPHILIZED FORMULATIONS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; FORMING LIQUIDS;
REACTION-RATES
AB The stabilizing effect of sugar-glass matrix materials for freeze-drying proteins or nucleic acids has been variously ascribed to the thermodynamic effect of 'water replacement' by sugar molecules or to the kinetic effect of slowed alpha relaxation associated with sugar matrix vitrification. While evidence for each of these hypotheses exists, we show that neither can adequately account for the observed stabilization of proteins embedded in sugar-glasses. Instead, we find firm evidence that protein stability in these glasses is directly linked to high frequency beta relaxation processes of the sugar matrix. Specifically, we observe that when the beta relaxation time, tau(B), of sugar-glasses is increased with antiplasticizing additives, protein stability increases in linear proportion to the increase in tau(B), even though these same additives simultaneously decrease the glass transition temperature, T-g, and the alpha relaxation time, tau(alpha), of the sugar matrix materials. Moreover, we find that while sugars 'replace' water by stabilizing protein native-like conformation in the dry state, the resulting enhanced protein conformational stability does not have a significant impact on the degradation rate of the proteins in sugar-glasses. We discuss implications of these findings for the fundamental physics of glass formation and for effective engineering of protein stabilizing glasses through the modification of tau(B).double dagger
C1 [Cicerone, Marcus T.; Douglas, Jack F.] NIST, Div Polymers, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Cicerone, MT (reprint author), NIST, Div Polymers, Mat Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM cicerone@nist.gov; Jack.Douglas@nist.gov
FU NIH/NIBIB [R01 EB006398-01A1]
FX We thank David S. Simmons and Hans Frauenfelder for simulating
discussion and useful comments. This work was funded in part under
NIH/NIBIB Grant R01 EB006398-01A1.
NR 88
TC 56
Z9 56
U1 2
U2 39
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1744-683X
EI 1744-6848
J9 SOFT MATTER
JI Soft Matter
PY 2012
VL 8
IS 10
BP 2983
EP 2991
DI 10.1039/c2sm06979b
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics,
Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science
GA 892XI
UT WOS:000300318500025
ER
PT J
AU Salinas-Prieto, JA
Padilla-Hernandez, R
Oropeza-Rosales, F
Lobato-Sanchez, R
AF Antonio Salinas-Prieto, Jose
Padilla-Hernandez, Roberto
Oropeza-Rosales, Fernando
Lobato-Sanchez, Rene
TI Operational wind-wave forecasting system
SO TECNOLOGIA Y CIENCIAS DEL AGUA
LA Spanish
DT Article
DE coupled models; wind; local and distant wind wave; validation
ID MODEL; VALIDATION; SPECTRUM
AB A numerical forecast system was implemented (POMA, acronym in Spanish: coupled wind-wave models) with 3 widely-used models: MM5 model, WAM-PROMISE and SWAN. Model validation was based on data from buoys owned by the NDBC (National Data Buoy Center). The nesting process was generated with a coarse grid for the Atlantic tropics (northern hemisphere) where winds 10 meters from the surface level were simulated (with MM5 model). This information was transferred to the global WAM model for deep waters using a down-scaling process based on initial boundary conditions to simulate wind waves in shallow waters. The POMA system was verified using several events; three cases with different wind characteristics are presented in this paper: 1) calm situation, 2) cold front and 3) hurricane. The results are automatically displayed on a restricted WEB page, illustrating two nested grids located in the Mexican coast - the Caribbean and the Gulf of Mexico. The system is able to incorporate new nested grids in sites with local interest.
C1 [Antonio Salinas-Prieto, Jose] Inst Mexicano Tecnol Agua, Jiutepec 62550, Morelos, Mexico.
[Padilla-Hernandez, Roberto] NOAA, EMC, NCEP, MMAB,IMSG,Ahora IM Syst Grp Inc, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[Lobato-Sanchez, Rene] Comis Nacl Agua, Serv Meteorol Nacl, Inst Mexicano Tecnol Agua, Mexico City 11860, DF, Mexico.
RP Salinas-Prieto, JA (reprint author), Inst Mexicano Tecnol Agua, Paseo Cuauhnahuac 8532, Jiutepec 62550, Morelos, Mexico.
EM jsalinas@tlaloc.imta.mx; roberto.padilla@noaa.gov; foropeza@fugro.com;
rene.lobatc@conagua.gob.mx
NR 25
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU INST MEXICANO TECHNOLOGIAAGUA
PI MORELOS
PA APARTADO POSTAL 202, MORELOS 62550 CIVAC, MEXICO
SN 0187-8336
J9 TECNOL CIENC AGUA
JI Tecnol. Cienc. Agua
PD JAN-MAR
PY 2012
VL 3
IS 1
BP 45
EP 67
PG 23
WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Water Resources
GA 885GE
UT WOS:000299765700004
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, S
Liu, Z
Rosati, A
Delworth, T
AF Zhang, S.
Liu, Z.
Rosati, A.
Delworth, T.
TI A study of enhancive parameter correction with coupled data assimilation
for climate estimation and prediction using a simple coupled model
SO TELLUS SERIES A-DYNAMIC METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Coupled model bias; climate drift; parameter optimization; coupled data
assimilation
ID ENSEMBLE KALMAN FILTER; SIMULATED RADAR DATA; MICROPHYSICAL PARAMETERS;
SIMULTANEOUS STATE; ATMOSPHERIC STATE; PART II; SYSTEM; IMPACT;
PERFORMANCE; COVARIANCE
AB Uncertainties in physical parameters of coupled models are an important source of model bias and adversely impact initialisation for climate prediction. Data assimilation using error covariances derived from model dynamics to extract observational information provides a promising approach to optimise parameter values so as to reduce such bias. However, effective parameter estimation in a coupled model is usually difficult because the error covariance between a parameter and the model state tends to be noisy due to multiple sources of model uncertainties. Using a simple coupled model consisting of the 3-variable Lorenz model and a slowly varying slab 'ocean', this study first investigated how to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio in covariances between model states and parameters, and then designed a data assimilation scheme for enhancive parameter correction (DAEPC). In DAEPC, parameter estimation is facilitated after state estimation reaches a 'quasi-equilibrium' where the uncertainty of coupled model states is sufficiently constrained by observations so that the covariance between a parameter and the model state is signal dominant. The observation-updated parameters are applied to improving the next cycle of state estimation and the refined covariance of parameter and model state further improves parameter correction. Performing dynamically adaptive state and parameter estimations with speedy convergence, DAEPC provides a systematic way to estimate the whole array of coupled model parameters using observations, and produces more accurate state estimates. Forecast experiments show that the DAEPC initialisation with observation-estimated parameters greatly improves the model predictability - while valid 'atmospheric' forecasts are extended two times longer, the 'oceanic' predictability is almost tripled. The simple model results here provide some insights for improving climate estimation and prediction with a coupled general circulation model.
C1 [Zhang, S.; Rosati, A.; Delworth, T.] Princeton Univ, GFDL NOAA, Princeton, NJ 08542 USA.
[Liu, Z.] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Climate Res, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Liu, Z.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Liu, Z.] Peking Univ, Lab Ocean Atmospher Studies, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
RP Zhang, S (reprint author), Princeton Univ, GFDL NOAA, Princeton, NJ 08542 USA.
EM Shaoqing.Zhang@noaa.gov
RI Delworth, Thomas/C-5191-2014
FU NSF [0968383]
FX The authors would like to thank Drs. Tony Gordon, Andrew Wittenberg and
Rym Msadek for their thorough examination and comments on an earlier
version of this manuscript. Thanks also go to Dr. Issac Held for the
discussions that brought authors more thoughts on this topic. The
authors thank two anonymous reviewers for their thorough examination and
comments that are very useful for improving the manuscript. This
research is supported by the NSF project Grant 0968383.
NR 44
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 2
U2 7
PU CO-ACTION PUBLISHING
PI JARFALLA
PA RIPVAGEN 7, JARFALLA, SE-175 64, SWEDEN
SN 0280-6495
J9 TELLUS A
JI Tellus Ser. A-Dyn. Meteorol. Oceanol.
PY 2012
VL 64
AR 10963
DI 10.3402/tellusa.v64i0.10963
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
GA 893ZL
UT WOS:000300396400002
ER
PT J
AU Kumari, H
Dennis, CL
Mossine, AV
Deakyne, CA
Atwood, JL
AF Kumari, Harshita
Dennis, Cindi L.
Mossine, Andrew V.
Deakyne, Carol A.
Atwood, Jerry L.
TI Exploring the Magnetic Behavior of Nickel-Coordinated Pyrogallol[4]arene
Nanocapsules
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE dimeric nickel-seamed nanocapsule; hexameric nickel-seamed nanocapsule;
pyrogallol; soild-state magnetic behavior
ID CAPSULES; NANOTUBES; COMPLEXES; LIGAND; NI2+
AB The magnetic behavior of nickel-seamed C-propylpyrogallol[4]arene dimeric and hexameric nanocapsular assemblies has been Investigated in the solid state using a SQUID magnetometer. These dimeric and hexameric capsular entities show magnetic differentiation both In terms of moment per nanocapsule and potential antiferromagnetic interactions within individual nanocapsules. The weak antiferromagnefic behavior observed at low temperatures indicates dipolar interactions between neighboring nickel atoms; however, this effect is higher In the hexameric nickel-seamed assembly. The differences in magnetic behavior of dimer versus hexamer can be attributed to different coordination environments and metal arrangements In the two nanocapsular assemblies.
C1 [Kumari, Harshita; Mossine, Andrew V.; Deakyne, Carol A.; Atwood, Jerry L.] Univ Missouri, Dept Chem, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Dennis, Cindi L.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Atwood, JL (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Chem, 601 S Coll Ave, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
EM AtwoodJ@missouri.edu
FU NSF [DMR-0944772]; National Institute for Standards and Technology
(NIST)
FX We thank NSF for support of this research (J.L.A.). This work was
supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) and National
Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST). It utilized facilities
supported in part by the NSF under Agreement No. DMR-0944772 (C.L.D.).
The use of specific trade names does not imply endorsement of products
or companies by NIST, but they are used to fully describe the
experimental procedures.
NR 22
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 5
U2 16
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 6
IS 1
BP 272
EP 275
DI 10.1021/nn203540e
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 879YH
UT WOS:000299368300035
PM 22148724
ER
PT J
AU Harris, JM
Iyer, GRS
Bernhardt, AK
Huh, JY
Hudson, SD
Fagan, JA
Hobbie, EK
AF Harris, John M.
Iyer, Ganjigunte R. Swathi
Bernhardt, Anna K.
Huh, Ji Yeon
Hudson, Steven D.
Fagan, Jeffrey A.
Hobbie, Erik K.
TI Electronic Durability of Flexible Transparent Films from Type-Specific
Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE single-wall carbon nanotubes; metallic; semiconducting; flexible
transparent electronics
ID THIN-FILMS; PERCOLATION; NETWORKS; COMPOSITES; LENGTH; CONDUCTIVITY;
SEPARATION; MECHANICS; POLYMER
AB The coupling between mechanical flexibility and electronic performance is evaluated for thin films of metallic and semiconducting single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) deposited on compliant supports. Percolated networks of type-purified SWCNTs are assembled as thin conducting coatings on elastic polymer substrates, and the sheet resistance is measured as a function of compression and cyclic strain through impedance spectroscopy. The wrinkling topography, microstructure and transparency of the films are independently characterized using optical microscopy, electron microscopy, and optical absorption spectroscopy. Thin films made from metallic SWCNTs show better durability as flexible transparent conductive coatings, which we attribute to a combination of superior mechanical performance and higher interfacial conductivity.
C1 [Harris, John M.; Iyer, Ganjigunte R. Swathi; Bernhardt, Anna K.; Hobbie, Erik K.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Phys, Dept Coatings & Polymer Mat, Fargo, ND 58108 USA.
[Huh, Ji Yeon; Hudson, Steven D.; Fagan, Jeffrey A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Hobbie, EK (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Phys, Dept Coatings & Polymer Mat, Fargo, ND 58108 USA.
EM erik.hobbie@ndsu.edu
RI Hobbie, Erik/C-8269-2013;
OI Fagan, Jeffrey/0000-0003-1483-5554
FU NSF [CMMI-0969155]; DOE [DE-FG36-08GO88160]
FX We thank Jan Obrzut, Chris Stafford, Jun Chung, Benjamin Forsythe,
Steven Ruckdashel, Matthew Mumm, and Abby Mattson for assistance. E.K.H.
acknowledges the support of the NSF through CMMI-0969155 (J.M.H.) and
the DOE through DE-FG36-08GO88160 (G.R.S.I.).
NR 38
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 4
U2 43
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 6
IS 1
BP 881
EP 887
DI 10.1021/nn204383t
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 879YH
UT WOS:000299368300104
PM 22148890
ER
PT J
AU Telg, H
Duque, JG
Staiger, M
Tu, XM
Hennrich, F
Kappes, MM
Zheng, M
Maultzsch, J
Thomsen, C
Doorn, SK
AF Telg, Hagen
Duque, Juan G.
Staiger, Matthias
Tu, Xiaomin
Hennrich, Frank
Kappes, Manfred M.
Zheng, Ming
Maultzsch, Janina
Thomsen, Christian
Doorn, Stephen K.
TI Chiral Index Dependence of the G(+) and G(-) Raman Modes in
Semiconducting Carbon Nanotubes
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE single-wall carbon nanotubes; Raman spectroscopy; G mode; LO/TO phonons;
diameter determination; (n,m) assignment
ID SINGLE-WALL; SPECTROSCOPY; SCATTERING; SYMMETRY; GRAPHITE
AB Raman spectroscopy on the radial breathing mode Is a common tool to determine the diameter d or chiral indices (n,m) of single-wall carbon nanotubes. In this work we present an alternative technique to determine d and (n,m) based on the high-energy G(-) mode. From resonant Raman scattering experiments on 14 highly purified single chirality (n,m) samples we obtain the diameter, chiral angle, and family dependence of the G(-) and G(+) peak position. Considering theoretical predictions we discuss the origin of these dependences with respect to rehybridization of the carbon orbitals, confinement, and electron-electron interactions. The relative Raman intensities of the two peaks have a systematic chiral angle dependence in agreement with theories considering the symmetry of nanotubes and the associated phonons.
C1 [Telg, Hagen; Duque, Juan G.; Doorn, Stephen K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Staiger, Matthias; Maultzsch, Janina; Thomsen, Christian] Tech Univ Berlin, Inst Festkorperphys, D-10623 Berlin, Germany.
[Tu, Xiaomin; Zheng, Ming] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Hennrich, Frank; Kappes, Manfred M.] Karlsruher Inst Technol, Inst Nanotechnol, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.
[Duque, Juan G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Chem, Phys Chem & Appl Spect C PCS, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RP Telg, H (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM hagen@lanl.gov; skdoorn@lanl.gov
RI Thomsen, Christian/E-2295-2012; Telg, Hagen/O-3348-2013; Thomsen,
Christian/B-5014-2015; Maultzsch, Janina/A-4781-2017
OI Telg, Hagen/0000-0002-4911-2703; Thomsen, Christian/0000-0001-6057-1401;
FU U.S. Department of Energy; NSF [CMS-060950]; European Research Council,
ERC [259286]; DFG; Helmholtz Association
FX H.T, J.G.D., and S.K.D. acknowledge support of the U.S. Department of
Energy through the LANL-LDRD program. X.T. and M.Z. acknowledge the
support of NSF Grant CMS-060950. J.M. acknowledges support from the
European Research Council, ERC grant no. 259286. F.H. and M.K.
acknowledge support by the DFG-funded Center for Functional
Nanostructures (CFN) and by the Helmholtz Association. This work was
performed in part at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, a U.S.
Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, user facility.
NR 33
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 3
U2 43
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 6
IS 1
BP 904
EP 911
DI 10.1021/nn2044356
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 879YH
UT WOS:000299368300107
PM 22175270
ER
PT J
AU Weissman, A
Petrov, M
Gupta, SK
Fiorentini, X
Sudarsan, R
Sriram, R
AF Weissman, Alexander
Petrov, Martin
Gupta, Satyandra K.
Fiorentini, Xenia
Sudarsan, Rachuri
Sriram, Ram
TI A computational framework for authoring and searching product design
specifications (vol 25, pg 516, 2011)
SO ADVANCED ENGINEERING INFORMATICS
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Weissman, Alexander; Petrov, Martin; Gupta, Satyandra K.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Fiorentini, Xenia; Sudarsan, Rachuri; Sriram, Ram] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Gupta, SK (reprint author), Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM skgupta@eng.umd.edu
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1474-0346
J9 ADV ENG INFORM
JI Adv. Eng. Inform.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 26
IS 1
BP 156
EP 156
DI 10.1016/j.aei.2011.10.003
PG 1
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering,
Multidisciplinary
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA 889JZ
UT WOS:000300071300016
ER
PT J
AU Kumari, H
Mossine, AV
Kline, SR
Dennis, CL
Fowler, DA
Teat, SJ
Barnes, CL
Deakyne, CA
Atwood, JL
AF Kumari, Harshita
Mossine, Andrew V.
Kline, Steven R.
Dennis, Cindi L.
Fowler, Drew A.
Teat, Simon J.
Barnes, Charles L.
Deakyne, Carol A.
Atwood, Jerry L.
TI Controlling the Self-Assembly of Metal-Seamed Organic Nanocapsules
SO ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
LA English
DT Article
DE molecular capsules; pyrogallol[4]arenes; small-angle neutron scattering;
supramolecular chemistry
ID ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING
C1 [Kumari, Harshita; Mossine, Andrew V.; Fowler, Drew A.; Barnes, Charles L.; Deakyne, Carol A.; Atwood, Jerry L.] Univ Missouri, Dept Chem, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Kline, Steven R.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Dennis, Cindi L.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Teat, Simon J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Deakyne, CA (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Chem, 601 S Coll Ave, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
EM deakynec@missouri.edu; atwoodj@missouri.edu
FU National Science Foundation [DMR-0944772, CHE1012998]
FX This work utilized facilities supported in part by the National Science
Foundation under Agreement No. DMR-0944772 (S.R.K.) and CHE1012998
(J.L.A.). The use of specific trade names does not imply endorsement of
products or companies by NIST but are used to fully describe the
experimental procedures.
NR 16
TC 45
Z9 45
U1 5
U2 32
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1433-7851
J9 ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT
JI Angew. Chem.-Int. Edit.
PY 2012
VL 51
IS 6
BP 1452
EP 1454
DI 10.1002/anie.201107182
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 884VG
UT WOS:000299736300031
PM 22294358
ER
PT J
AU Dupont, R
Pierce, B
Worden, J
Hair, J
Fenn, M
Hamer, P
Natarajan, M
Schaack, T
Lenzen, A
Apel, E
Dibb, J
Diskin, G
Huey, G
Weinheimer, A
Kondo, Y
Knapp, D
AF Dupont, R.
Pierce, B.
Worden, J.
Hair, J.
Fenn, M.
Hamer, P.
Natarajan, M.
Schaack, T.
Lenzen, A.
Apel, E.
Dibb, J.
Diskin, G.
Huey, G.
Weinheimer, A.
Kondo, Y.
Knapp, D.
TI Attribution and evolution of ozone from Asian wild fires using satellite
and aircraft measurements during the ARCTAS campaign
SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TROPOSPHERIC EMISSION SPECTROMETER; BIOMASS BURNING EMISSIONS;
LONG-RANGE TRANSPORT; AEROSOL OPTICAL-THICKNESS; BOREAL FOREST-FIRES;
CARBON-MONOXIDE; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; POLLUTION TRANSPORT; FIELD
EXPERIMENT; ZONAL STRUCTURE
AB We use ozone and carbon monoxide measurements from the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES), model estimates of Ozone, CO, and ozone pre-cursors from the Real-time Air Quality Modeling System (RAQMS), and data from the NASA DC8 aircraft to characterize the source and dynamical evolution of ozone and CO in Asian wildfire plumes during the spring ARCTAS campaign 2008. On the 19 April, NASA DC8 O-3 and aerosol Differential Absorption Lidar (DIAL) observed two biomass burning plumes originating from North-Western Asia (Kazakhstan) and South-Eastern Asia (Thailand) that advected eastward over the Pacific reaching North America in 10 to 12 days. Using both TES observations and RAQMS chemical analyses, we track the wildfire plumes from their source to the ARCTAS DC8 platform. In addition to photochemical production due to ozone pre-cursors, we find that exchange between the stratosphere and the troposphere is a major factor influencing O-3 concentrations for both plumes. For example, the Kazakhstan and Siberian plumes at 55 degrees North is a region of significant springtime stratospheric/tropospheric exchange. Stratospheric air influences the Thailand plume after it is lofted to high altitudes via the Himalayas. Using comparisons of the model to the aircraft and satellite measurements, we estimate that the Kazakhstan plume is responsible for increases of O-3 and CO mixing ratios by approximately 6.4 ppbv and 38 ppbv in the lower troposphere (height of 2 to 6 km), and the Thailand plume is responsible for increases of O-3 and CO mixing ratios of approximately 11 ppbv and 71 ppbv in the upper troposphere (height of 8 to 12 km) respectively. However, there are significant sources of uncertainty in these estimates that point to the need for future improvements in both model and satellite observations. For example, it is challenging to characterize the fraction of air parcels from the stratosphere versus those from the fire because of the low sensitivity of the TES CO estimates used to mark stratospheric air versus air parcels affected by the smoke plume. Model transport uncertainties, such as too much dispersion, results in a broad plume structure from the Kazakhstan fires that is approximately 2 km lower than the plume observed by aircraft. Consequently, the model and TES data do not capture the photochemical production of ozone in the Kazakhstan plume that is apparent in the aircraft in situ data. However, ozone and CO distributions from TES and RAQMS model estimates of the Thailand plume are within the uncertainties of the TES data. Therefore, the RAQMS model is better able to characterize the emissions from this fire, the mixing of ozone from the stratosphere to the plume, and the photochemical production and transport of ozone and ozone pre-cursors as the plume moves across the Pacific.
C1 [Dupont, R.; Worden, J.; Hamer, P.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Pierce, B.] NOAA NESDIS STAR, Madison, WI USA.
[Hair, J.; Natarajan, M.; Diskin, G.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA.
[Fenn, M.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Hampton, VA USA.
[Schaack, T.; Lenzen, A.] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Space Sci & Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Apel, E.; Weinheimer, A.; Knapp, D.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Dibb, J.] Univ New Hampshire EOS, Durham, NH USA.
[Huey, G.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Kondo, Y.] Univ Tokyo, Adv Sci & Technol Res Ctr, Tokyo, Japan.
RP Dupont, R (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
EM richard.dupont@live.fr
RI Kondo, Yutaka/D-1459-2012; Pierce, Robert Bradley/F-5609-2010
OI Pierce, Robert Bradley/0000-0002-2767-1643
FU NASA [NAG: NNX08AD29G]
FX HCN measurements were obtained from the Caltech Chemical Ionization Mass
Spectrometer and were made available by P. O. Wennberg, J. C. Crounse
and A. Kurten. Support for Caltech from NASA (NAG: NNX08AD29G) is
gratefully acknowledged.
NR 104
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 27
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1680-7316
EI 1680-7324
J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS
JI Atmos. Chem. Phys.
PY 2012
VL 12
IS 1
BP 169
EP 188
DI 10.5194/acp-12-169-2012
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 892XZ
UT WOS:000300320200008
ER
PT J
AU Stevens, RG
Pierce, JR
Brock, CA
Reed, MK
Crawford, JH
Holloway, JS
Ryerson, TB
Huey, LG
Nowak, JB
AF Stevens, R. G.
Pierce, J. R.
Brock, C. A.
Reed, M. K.
Crawford, J. H.
Holloway, J. S.
Ryerson, T. B.
Huey, L. G.
Nowak, J. B.
TI Nucleation and growth of sulfate aerosol in coal-fired power plant
plumes: sensitivity to background aerosol and meteorology
SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID CLOUD CONDENSATION NUCLEI; SULFURIC-ACID; ATMOSPHERIC NUCLEATION;
ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; CCN CONCENTRATIONS; UNITED-STATES; MEXICO-CITY;
MODEL; UNCERTAINTIES; MICROPHYSICS
AB New-particle formation in the plumes of coal-fired power plants and other anthropogenic sulfur sources may be an important source of particles in the atmosphere. It remains unclear, however, how best to reproduce this formation in global and regional aerosol models with grid-box lengths that are 10s of kilometers and larger. The predictive power of these models is thus limited by the resultant uncertainties in aerosol size distributions. In this paper, we focus on sub-grid sulfate aerosol processes within coal-fired power plant plumes: the sub-grid oxidation of SO2 with condensation of H2SO4 onto newly-formed and pre-existing particles. We have developed a modeling framework with aerosol microphysics in the System for Atmospheric Modelling (SAM), a Large-Eddy Simulation/Cloud-Resolving Model (LES/CRM). The model is evaluated against aircraft observations of new-particle formation in two different power-plant plumes and reproduces the major features of the observations. We show how the downwind plume aerosols can be greatly modified by both meteorological and background aerosol conditions. In general, new-particle formation and growth is greatly reduced during polluted conditions due to the large pre-existing aerosol surface area for H2SO4 condensation and particle coagulation. The new-particle formation and growth rates are also a strong function of the amount of sunlight and NOx since both control OH concentrations. The results of this study highlight the importance for improved sub-grid particle formation schemes in regional and global aerosol models.
C1 [Stevens, R. G.; Pierce, J. R.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Halifax, NS, Canada.
[Brock, C. A.; Holloway, J. S.; Ryerson, T. B.; Nowak, J. B.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Reed, M. K.] Tennessee Technol Univ, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA.
[Crawford, J. H.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA.
[Huey, L. G.] Georgia Inst Technol, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Nowak, J. B.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Stevens, RG (reprint author), Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Halifax, NS, Canada.
EM robin.stevens@dal.ca
RI Nowak, John/B-1085-2008; Holloway, John/F-9911-2012; Brock,
Charles/G-3406-2011; Pierce, Jeffrey/E-4681-2013; Ryerson,
Tom/C-9611-2009; Crawford, James/L-6632-2013; Stevens,
Robin/D-1341-2014; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Nowak, John/0000-0002-5697-9807; Holloway, John/0000-0002-4585-9594;
Brock, Charles/0000-0002-4033-4668; Pierce, Jeffrey/0000-0002-4241-838X;
Crawford, James/0000-0002-6982-0934; Stevens, Robin/0000-0002-8737-6988;
FU Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI)
FX This research was funded by the Electric Power Research Institute
(EPRI). We would like to thank Marat Khairoutdinov of the School of
Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, for access to
and help with the System for Atmospheric Modeling. NCEP Reanalysis data
provided by the NOAA/OAR/ESRL PSD, Boulder, Colorado, USA, from their
Web site at http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/.
NR 59
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 2
U2 45
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1680-7316
J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS
JI Atmos. Chem. Phys.
PY 2012
VL 12
IS 1
BP 189
EP 206
DI 10.5194/acp-12-189-2012
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 892XZ
UT WOS:000300320200009
ER
PT J
AU Wespes, C
Emmons, L
Edwards, DP
Hannigan, J
Hurtmans, D
Saunois, M
Coheur, PF
Clerbaux, C
Coffey, MT
Batchelor, RL
Lindenmaier, R
Strong, K
Weinheimer, AJ
Nowak, JB
Ryerson, TB
Crounse, JD
Wennberg, PO
AF Wespes, C.
Emmons, L.
Edwards, D. P.
Hannigan, J.
Hurtmans, D.
Saunois, M.
Coheur, P. -F.
Clerbaux, C.
Coffey, M. T.
Batchelor, R. L.
Lindenmaier, R.
Strong, K.
Weinheimer, A. J.
Nowak, J. B.
Ryerson, T. B.
Crounse, J. D.
Wennberg, P. O.
TI Analysis of ozone and nitric acid in spring and summer Arctic pollution
using aircraft, ground-based, satellite observations and MOZART-4 model:
source attribution and partitioning
SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID LONG-RANGE TRANSPORT; LOWER STRATOSPHERE; REACTIVE NITROGEN; WESTERN
PACIFIC; CARBON-MONOXIDE; AIR-QUALITY; INTEGRATED ANALYSIS; TROPOSPHERIC
OZONE; NORTH-AMERICA; EMISSIONS
AB In this paper, we analyze tropospheric O-3 together with HNO3 during the POLARCAT (Polar Study using Aircraft, Remote Sensing, Surface Measurements and Models, of Climate, Chemistry, Aerosols, and Transport) program, combining observations and model results. Aircraft observations from the NASA ARCTAS (Arctic Research of the Composition of the Troposphere from Aircraft and Satellites) and NOAA ARCPAC (Aerosol, Radiation and Cloud Processes affecting Arctic Climate) campaigns during spring and summer of 2008 are used together with the Model for Ozone and Related Chemical Tracers, version 4 (MOZART-4) to assist in the interpretation of the observations in terms of the source attribution and transport of O-3 and HNO3 into the Arctic (north of 60 degrees N). The MOZART-4 simulations reproduce the aircraft observations generally well (within 15%), but some discrepancies in the model are identified and discussed. The observed correlation of O3 with HNO3 is exploited to evaluate the MOZART-4 model performance for different air mass types (fresh plumes, free troposphere and stratospheric-contaminated air masses).
Based on model simulations of O-3 and HNO3 tagged by source type and region, we find that the anthropogenic pollution from the Northern Hemisphere is the dominant source of O-3 and HNO3 in the Arctic at pressures greater than 400 hPa, and that the stratospheric influence is the principal contribution at pressures less 400 hPa. During the summer, intense Russian fire emissions contribute some amount to the tropospheric columns of both gases over the American sector of the Arctic. North American fire emissions (California and Canada) also show an important impact on tropospheric ozone in the Arctic boundary layer.
Additional analysis of tropospheric O-3 measurements from ground-based FTIR and from the IASI satellite sounder made at the Eureka (Canada) and Thule (Greenland) polar sites during POLARCAT has been performed using the tagged contributions. It demonstrates the capability of these instruments for observing pollution at northern high latitudes. Differences between contributions from the sources to the tropospheric columns as measured by FTIR and IASI are discussed in terms of vertical sensitivity associated with these instruments. The first analysis of O-3 tropospheric columns observed by the IASI satellite instrument over the Arctic is also provided. Despite its limited vertical sensitivity in the lowermost atmospheric layers, we demonstrate that IASI is capable of detecting low-altitude pollution transported into the Arctic with some limitations.
C1 [Wespes, C.; Emmons, L.; Edwards, D. P.; Hannigan, J.; Saunois, M.; Coffey, M. T.; Batchelor, R. L.; Weinheimer, A. J.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Hurtmans, D.; Coheur, P. -F.; Clerbaux, C.] Univ Libre Brussels, Brussels, Belgium.
[Clerbaux, C.] Univ Versailles St Quentin, UPMC Univ Paris 6, CNRS INSU, LATMOS IPSL, Paris, France.
[Lindenmaier, R.; Strong, K.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON, Canada.
[Nowak, J. B.; Ryerson, T. B.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Nowak, J. B.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Crounse, J. D.; Wennberg, P. O.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Wespes, C (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
EM wespes@ucar.edu
RI Nowak, John/B-1085-2008; Strong, Kimberly/D-2563-2012; Crounse,
John/E-4622-2011; Ryerson, Tom/C-9611-2009; Crounse, John/C-3700-2014;
clerbaux, cathy/I-5478-2013; Emmons, Louisa/R-8922-2016; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Nowak, John/0000-0002-5697-9807; Crounse, John/0000-0001-5443-729X;
Emmons, Louisa/0000-0003-2325-6212;
FU National Science Foundation; National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (NASA) [NNX08AD22G, NNX08AD29G, NNX07AL57G]; NSF Office
of Polar Programs (OPP); Danish Meteorological Institute at the Thule
site; Nova Scotia Research Innovation Trust; Canada Foundation for
Innovation; Canadian Foundation for Climate and Atmospheric Sciences;
Canadian Space Agency; Environment Canada; Government of Canada; Natural
Sciences and Engineering Research Council; Northern Scientific Training
Program; Ontario Innovation Trust; Polar Continental Shelf Program;
Ontario Research Fund; F.R.S.-FNRS (M. I. S) [nF.4511.08]; Belgian State
Federal Office for Scientific, Technical and Cultural Affairs; European
Space Agency (ESA-Prodex arrangements); 'Actions de Recherche
Concertees' (Communaute Francaise de Belgique); CNES
FX The National Center for Atmospheric Research is supported by the
National Science Foundation. The NCAR FTS observation program at Thule,
GR is supported under contract by the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (NASA). This work is also supported by the NSF Office of
Polar Programs (OPP). We wish to thank the Danish Meteorological
Institute for support at the Thule site. The PEARL Bruker 125HR
measurements at Eureka were made by the Canadian Network for the
Detection of Atmospheric Change (CANDAC), led by James R. Drummond, and
in part by the Canadian Arctic ACE Validation Campaigns, led by Kaley A.
Walker. They were supported by the Atlantic Innovation Fund/Nova Scotia
Research Innovation Trust, Canada Foundation for Innovation, Canadian
Foundation for Climate and Atmospheric Sciences, Canadian Space Agency,
Environment Canada, Government of Canada International Polar Year
funding, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council, Northern
Scientific Training Program, Ontario Innovation Trust, Polar Continental
Shelf Program, and Ontario Research Fund. The authors wish to thank
PEARL site manager Pierre F. Fogal, the CANDAC operators, and the staff
at Environment Canada's Eureka weather station for logistical and
on-site support. IASI has been developed and built under the
responsibility of the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES, France).
It is flown onboard the Metop satellites as part of the EUMETSAT Polar
System. The IASI L1 data are received through the EUMETCast near real
time data distribution service. P. F. Coheur is Research Associate
(Chercheur Qualifie) with F.R.S.-FNRS. The research in Belgium was
funded by the F.R.S.-FNRS (M. I. S. nF.4511.08), the Belgian State
Federal Office for Scientific, Technical and Cultural Affairs and the
European Space Agency (ESA-Prodex arrangements). Financial support by
the 'Actions de Recherche Concertees' (Communaute Francaise de Belgique)
is also acknowledged. The research in France is supported by CNES. This
research has been supported by NASA's Tropospheric Chemistry Program
(ARCTAS) under grant NNX08AD22G, NNX08AD29G, and NNX07AL57G.
NR 79
TC 32
Z9 33
U1 2
U2 26
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1680-7316
J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS
JI Atmos. Chem. Phys.
PY 2012
VL 12
IS 1
BP 237
EP 259
DI 10.5194/acp-12-237-2012
PG 23
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 892XZ
UT WOS:000300320200012
ER
PT J
AU Lauvaux, T
Schuh, AE
Uliasz, M
Richardson, S
Miles, N
Andrews, AE
Sweeney, C
Diaz, LI
Martins, D
Shepson, PB
Davis, KJ
AF Lauvaux, T.
Schuh, A. E.
Uliasz, M.
Richardson, S.
Miles, N.
Andrews, A. E.
Sweeney, C.
Diaz, L. I.
Martins, D.
Shepson, P. B.
Davis, K. J.
TI Constraining the CO2 budget of the corn belt: exploring uncertainties
from the assumptions in a mesoscale inverse system
SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ATMOSPHERIC TRANSPORT MODELS; CARBON-DIOXIDE EXCHANGE; REGIONAL-SCALE
FLUXES; SYNTHETIC DATA; PART 1; SINKS; LAND; SENSITIVITY; CONTINENT;
AIRBORNE
AB We performed an atmospheric inversion of the CO2 fluxes over Iowa and the surrounding states, from June to December 2007, at 20 km resolution and weekly timescale. Eight concentration towers were used to constrain the carbon balance in a 1000x1000 km(2) domain in this agricultural region of the US upper midwest. The CO2 concentrations of the boundaries derived from CarbonTracker were adjusted to match direct observations from aircraft profiles around the domain. The regional carbon balance ends up with a sink of 183 Tg C +/- 35 Tg C over the area for the period June-December, 2007. Potential bias from incorrect boundary conditions of about 0.55 ppm over the 7 months was corrected using mixing ratios from four different aircraft profile sites operated at a weekly time scale, acting as an additional source of uncertainty of 24 Tg C. We used two different prior flux estimates, the SiBCrop model and the inverse flux product from the CarbonTracker system. We show that inverse flux estimates using both priors converge to similar posterior estimates (20 Tg C difference), in our reference inversion, but some spatial structures from the prior fluxes remain in the posterior fluxes, revealing the importance of the prior flux resolution and distribution despite the large amount of atmospheric data available. The retrieved fluxes were compared to eddy flux towers in the corn and grassland areas, revealing an improvement in the seasonal cycles between the two compared to the prior fluxes, despite large absolute differences due to representation errors. The uncertainty of 34 Tg C (or 34 g C m(2)) was derived from the posterior uncertainty obtained with our reference inversion of about 25 to 30 Tg C and from sensitivity tests of the assumptions made in the inverse system, for a mean carbon balance over the region of -183 Tg C, slightly weaker than the reference. Because of the potential large bias (similar to 24 Tg C in this case) due to choice of background conditions, proportional to the surface but not to the regional flux, this methodology seems limited to regions with a large signal (sink or source), unless additional observations can be used to constrain the boundary inflow.
C1 [Lauvaux, T.; Richardson, S.; Miles, N.; Diaz, L. I.; Martins, D.; Davis, K. J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, Inversity Pk, PA USA.
[Schuh, A. E.] NREL, Ft Collins, CO USA.
[Shepson, P. B.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Andrews, A. E.; Sweeney, C.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Assoc, ESRL GMD, Boulder, CO USA.
[Schuh, A. E.; Uliasz, M.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Lauvaux, T (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, Inversity Pk, PA USA.
EM lauvaux@meteo.psu.edu
RI Shepson, Paul/E-9955-2012; Andrews, Arlyn/K-3427-2012;
OI Lauvaux, Thomas/0000-0002-7697-742X
FU NOAA/ESRL division; CarbonTracker products; Office of Science (BER) US
Department of Energy; US National Aeronautics and Space Administration;
US National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, Office of
Global Programs
FX We thank Andy Jacobson from NOAA/ESRL division for discussions and
support with CarbonTracker products, Arlyn Andrews from NOAA/ESRL
division for data support and management for the West Branch tall tower,
Colm Sweeney and Gabrielle Petron from NOAA/ESRL division for data from
the aircraft program, Tim Griffis from University of Minnesota for his
comments and the eddy-covariance flux data from Rosemount, Shashi Verma
and Andrew Suyker from University of Nebraska-Lincoln for
eddy-covariance flux data from Mead, Tilden Meyers from NOAA/ARL
division for eddy-covariance flux data from Brookings and Bondville, and
Roser Matamala from Argonne National Laboratory for eddy-covariance flux
data from Fermi. This research was supported by the Office of Science
(BER) US Department of Energy, Terrestrial Carbon Program, the US
National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Terrestrial Ecology
Program, and the US National Oceanographic and Atmospheric
Administration, Office of Global Programs, Global Carbon Cycle program.
NR 60
TC 43
Z9 44
U1 0
U2 20
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1680-7316
J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS
JI Atmos. Chem. Phys.
PY 2012
VL 12
IS 1
BP 337
EP 354
DI 10.5194/acp-12-337-2012
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 892XZ
UT WOS:000300320200018
ER
PT J
AU Hossaini, R
Chipperfield, MP
Feng, W
Breider, TJ
Atlas, E
Montzka, SA
Miller, BR
Moore, F
Elkins, J
AF Hossaini, R.
Chipperfield, M. P.
Feng, W.
Breider, T. J.
Atlas, E.
Montzka, S. A.
Miller, B. R.
Moore, F.
Elkins, J.
TI The contribution of natural and anthropogenic very short-lived species
to stratospheric bromine
SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID CHEMICAL-TRANSPORT MODEL; UPPER TROPOSPHERE; TRACER TRANSPORT; DEEP
CONVECTION; BR-Y; VALIDATION; SUBSTANCES; BROMOFORM; SCHEMES; TROPICS
AB We have used a global three-dimensional chemical transport model to quantify the impact of the very short-lived substances (VSLS) CHBr3, CH2Br2, CHBr2Cl, CHBrCl2, CH2BrCl and C2H5Br on the bromine budget of the stratosphere. Atmospheric observations of these gases allow constraints on surface mixing ratios that, when incorporated into our model, contribute similar to 4.9-5.2 parts per trillion (ppt) of inorganic bromine (Br-y) to the stratosphere. Of this total, similar to 76% comes from naturally-emitted CHBr3 and CH2Br2. The remaining species individually contribute modest amounts. However, their accumulated total accounts for up to similar to 1.2 ppt of the supply and thus should not be ignored. We have compared modelled tropical profiles of a range of VSLS with observations from the recent 2009 NSF HIPPO-1 aircraft campaign. Modelled profiles agree reasonably well with observations from the surface to the lower tropical tropopause layer.
We have also considered the poorly studied anthropogenic VSLS, C2H5Br, CH2BrCH2Br, n-C3H7Br and i-C3H7Br. We find the local atmospheric lifetime of these species in the tropical tropopause layer are similar to 183, 603, 39 and 49 days, respectively. These species, particularly C2H5Br and CH2BrCH2Br, would thus be important carriers of bromine to the stratosphere if emissions were to increase substantially. Our model shows similar to 70-73% and similar to 80-85% of bromine from these species in the tropical boundary layer can reach the lower stratosphere.
C1 [Hossaini, R.; Chipperfield, M. P.; Feng, W.; Breider, T. J.] Univ Leeds, Sch Earth & Environm, Inst Climate & Atmospher Sci, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England.
[Breider, T. J.] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Atlas, E.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Montzka, S. A.; Miller, B. R.; Moore, F.; Elkins, J.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Hossaini, R (reprint author), Univ Leeds, Sch Earth & Environm, Inst Climate & Atmospher Sci, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England.
EM r.hossaini@see.leeds.ac.uk
RI Hossaini, Ryan/I-5217-2012; Chipperfield, Martyn/H-6359-2013; FENG,
WUHU/B-8327-2008; Hossaini, Ryan/F-7134-2015; Atlas, Elliot/J-8171-2015;
OI Chipperfield, Martyn/0000-0002-6803-4149; FENG,
WUHU/0000-0002-9907-9120; Miller, Benjamin/0000-0003-1647-0122; Montzka,
Stephen/0000-0002-9396-0400
FU UK NERC; EU SHIVA [SHIVA-226224-FP7-ENV-2008-1]; NERC; NCAS; NSF;
University of California (San Diego); UCAR; Uni. Colorado/CIRES; Uni.
Miami; NCAR; NOAA/ESRL; Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research; NASA
FX This work was supported by the UK NERC and the EU SHIVA project
(SHIVA-226224-FP7-ENV-2008-1). RH thanks NERC for a studentship. WF is
part funded by NCAS. We thank S. Wofsy as head PI for HIPPO, C. Sweeney
for assistance in NOAA/ESRL flask sampling during HIPPO and at RTA, and
B. Hall for calibration standards. Data from the HIPPO Program was
supported by NSF grants to Harvard University, University of California
(San Diego), UCAR, Uni. Colorado/CIRES, Uni. Miami and by NCAR.
Participation by NOAA/ESRL station data and airborne instruments, and
weather forecasting, were supported in part by the NSF through its
Atmospheric Chemistry Program to CIRES, NOAA/ESRL through its
Atmospheric Composition and Climate Program and the Office of Oceanic
and Atmospheric Research, and NASA through its Upper Atmosphere Research
and Radiation Sciences Programs. EA acknowledges the contributions of R.
Lueb, R. Hendershot, X. Zhu, and L. Pope to the sampling and analysis of
HIPPO samples.
NR 29
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 33
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1680-7316
EI 1680-7324
J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS
JI Atmos. Chem. Phys.
PY 2012
VL 12
IS 1
BP 371
EP 380
DI 10.5194/acp-12-371-2012
PG 10
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 892XZ
UT WOS:000300320200020
ER
PT J
AU Zhou, W
Cohan, DS
Pinder, RW
Neuman, JA
Holloway, JS
Peischl, J
Ryerson, TB
Nowak, JB
Flocke, F
Zheng, WG
AF Zhou, W.
Cohan, D. S.
Pinder, R. W.
Neuman, J. A.
Holloway, J. S.
Peischl, J.
Ryerson, T. B.
Nowak, J. B.
Flocke, F.
Zheng, W. G.
TI Observation and modeling of the evolution of Texas power plant plumes
SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID OZONE PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY; EASTERN UNITED-STATES; AIR-QUALITY; PART I;
SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; URBAN; CHEMISTRY; EMISSIONS; NOX; DISTRIBUTIONS
AB During the second Texas Air Quality Study 2006 (TexAQS II), a full range of pollutants was measured by aircraft in eastern Texas during successive transects of power plant plumes (PPPs). A regional photochemical model is applied to simulate the physical and chemical evolution of the plumes. The observations reveal that SO2 and NOy were rapidly removed from PPPs on a cloudy day but not on the cloud-free days, indicating efficient aqueous processing of these compounds in clouds. The model reasonably represents observed NOx oxidation and PAN formation in the plumes, but fails to capture the rapid loss of SO2 (0.37 h(-1)) and NOy (0.24 h(-1)) in some plumes on the cloudy day. Adjustments to the cloud liquid water content (QC) and the default metal concentrations in the cloud module could explain some of the SO2 loss. However, NOy in the model was insensitive to QC. These findings highlight cloud processing as a major challenge to atmospheric models. Model-based estimates of ozone production efficiency (OPE) in PPPs are 20-50% lower than observation-based estimates for the cloudy day.
C1 [Zhou, W.; Cohan, D. S.] Rice Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Houston, TX 77251 USA.
[Pinder, R. W.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
[Neuman, J. A.; Holloway, J. S.; Peischl, J.; Ryerson, T. B.; Nowak, J. B.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
[Neuman, J. A.; Holloway, J. S.; Peischl, J.; Nowak, J. B.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Flocke, F.; Zheng, W. G.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
RP Zhou, W (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Houston, TX 77251 USA.
EM zhouwei@rice.edu
RI Holloway, John/F-9911-2012; Ryerson, Tom/C-9611-2009; Nowak,
John/B-1085-2008; Cohan, Daniel/E-6595-2010; Pinder, Robert/F-8252-2011;
Neuman, Andy/A-1393-2009; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015;
Peischl, Jeff/E-7454-2010; zhou, wei/E-9807-2011
OI Holloway, John/0000-0002-4585-9594; Nowak, John/0000-0002-5697-9807;
Cohan, Daniel/0000-0003-0415-7980; Pinder, Robert/0000-0001-6390-7126;
Neuman, Andy/0000-0002-3986-1727; Peischl, Jeff/0000-0002-9320-7101;
FU Shell Center for Sustainability at Rice University; National Science
Foundation [087386]
FX The work of W. Zhou and D. S. Cohan was funded by the Shell Center for
Sustainability at Rice University and National Science Foundation CAREER
Award Grant 087386. We thank Robert Griffin at Rice University for
helpful discussions on data analyses. We thank Ken Aikin and Harald
Stark in the NOAA ESRL Chemical Sciences Division for help in using
meteorological and photolysis data. Although this article has been
reviewed by the US EPA and approved for publication, it does not
necessarily reflect EPA policies or views.
NR 58
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 2
U2 29
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1680-7316
EI 1680-7324
J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS
JI Atmos. Chem. Phys.
PY 2012
VL 12
IS 1
BP 455
EP 468
DI 10.5194/acp-12-455-2012
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 892XZ
UT WOS:000300320200025
ER
PT J
AU Kim, SW
Kim, SH
Halasyamani, PS
Green, MA
Bhatti, KP
Leighton, C
Das, H
Fennie, CJ
AF Kim, Sun Woo
Kim, Sang-Hwan
Halasyamani, P. Shiv
Green, Mark A.
Bhatti, Kanwal Preet
Leighton, C.
Das, Hena
Fennie, Craig J.
TI RbFe2+Fe3+F6: Synthesis, structure, and characterization of a new
charge-ordered magnetically frustrated pyrochlore-related mixed-metal
fluoride
SO CHEMICAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID BOND-VALENCE PARAMETERS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; PHASE-TRANSITION;
NH4FEIIFEIIIF6; MOSSBAUER; BEHAVIOR; SPECTRA; OXIDE; FE; NI
AB A new charge-ordered magnetically frustrated mixed-metal fluoride with a pyrochlore-related structure has been synthesized and characterized. The material, RbFe2F6 (RbFe2+Fe3+F6) was synthesized through mild hydrothermal conditions. The material exhibits a three-dimensional pyrochlore-related structure consisting of corner-shared Fe2+F6 and Fe3+F6 octahedra. In addition to single-crystal diffraction data, neutron powder diffraction and magnetometry measurements were carried out. Magnetic data clearly reveal strong antiferromagnetic interactions (a Curie-Weiss temperature of -270 K) but sufficient frustration to prevent ordering until 16 K. No structural phase transformation is detected from the variable-temperature neutron diffraction data. Infrared, UV-vis, thermogravimetric, and differential thermal analysis measurements were also performed. First-principles density functional theory (DFT) electronic structure calculations were also done. Crystal data: RbFe2F6, orthorhombic, space group Pnma (no. 62), a = 7.0177(6), b = 7.4499(6), c = 10.1765(8) angstrom, V = 532.04(8) angstrom(3), Z = 4.
C1 [Kim, Sun Woo; Kim, Sang-Hwan; Halasyamani, P. Shiv] Univ Houston, Dept Chem, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
[Green, Mark A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Green, Mark A.] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Bhatti, Kanwal Preet; Leighton, C.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Das, Hena; Fennie, Craig J.] Cornell Univ, Sch Appl & Engn Phys, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RP Halasyamani, PS (reprint author), Univ Houston, Dept Chem, 136 Fleming Bldg, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
EM psh@uh.edu; mark.green@nist.gov; Leighton@umn.edu; fennie@cornell.edu
RI Kim, Sun Woo/F-7113-2011; Halasyamani, P. Shiv/A-8620-2009; Halasyamani,
Shiv/J-3438-2014
OI Kim, Sun Woo/0000-0003-1057-2283; Halasyamani, Shiv/0000-0003-1787-1040
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials
Sciences and Engineering [DE-SC0005032]; DOE [DE-FG02-06ER46275]
FX Work at UH and Cornell supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Basic
Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering under
Award # DE-SC0005032. Work at UMN supported by DOE Award
#DE-FG02-06ER46275 (magnetic measurements).
NR 52
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 4
U2 39
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 2041-6520
J9 CHEM SCI
JI Chem. Sci.
PY 2012
VL 3
IS 3
BP 741
EP 751
DI 10.1039/c2sc00765g
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 887SH
UT WOS:000299949500011
ER
PT J
AU Lefebvre, KA
Frame, ER
Kendrick, PS
AF Lefebvre, Kathi A.
Frame, Elizabeth R.
Kendrick, Preston S.
TI Domoic acid and fish behavior: A review
SO HARMFUL ALGAE
LA English
DT Review
DE Behavioral toxicity; Domoic acid; Fish; Harmful algal bloom; LD50; Oral
exposure
ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; SEA LIONS; SHELLFISH;
EXPOSURE; ZEBRAFISH; RECEPTORS; MORTALITY; MICE; EXPRESSION
AB This paper provides a summary of the "state of knowledge" regarding behavioral impacts of domoic acid exposure on fish. Initial studies by authors of this paper suggested that fish are behaviorally impacted by domoic acid in the same way that birds and mammals are impacted during toxic Pseudo-nitzschia blooms. However, subsequent research and field observations have contradicted that hypothesis and provide evidence that fish are more tolerant to domoic acid under ecologically relevant exposure conditions than their piscivorous predators. This is an important distinction as more attention has been drawn to domoic acid producing algal blooms and the potential for domoic acid to cause fish kills. Currently available data indicate that domoic acid producing algal blooms do not cause fish kills or neuroexcitotoxic behaviors in fish. Neuroexcitatory behavioral effects have been documented in fish in laboratory studies when fish were intraceolomically (IC) injected with domoic acid. In fact, with IC injection as the mode of exposure all fish, bird, and mammal species tested to date show a similar neurologic sensitivity to domoic acid in terms of behavioral excitotoxicity as quantified by a 50% effective concentration (EC50) metric. However, IC injection is not an ecologically relevant mode of exposure. Dietary consumption during toxic blooms is the route of exposure for fish. Results from oral exposure experiments and observations from multiple highly toxic bloom events have provided strong evidence that fish are not behaviorally affected by domoic acid during natural bloom conditions, even though fish regularly contain high levels of the toxin and act as vectors to seabirds and marine mammals. Collectively, the data presented in this review suggest that fish are not significantly impacted by domoic acid during typical toxigenic Pseudo-nitzschia blooms. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Lefebvre, Kathi A.; Frame, Elizabeth R.; Kendrick, Preston S.] NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Environm Conservat Div, WARRN W & Biomed Diagnost Program, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Lefebvre, KA (reprint author), NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Environm Conservat Div, WARRN W & Biomed Diagnost Program, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM Kathi.Lefebvre@noaa.gov
NR 42
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 7
U2 41
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1568-9883
J9 HARMFUL ALGAE
JI Harmful Algae
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 13
BP 126
EP 130
DI 10.1016/j.hal.2011.09.011
PG 5
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 890GH
UT WOS:000300132600016
ER
PT J
AU Yong, B
Ren, LL
Hong, Y
Gourley, JJ
Chen, X
Zhang, YJ
Yang, XL
Zhang, ZX
Wang, WG
AF Yong, Bin
Ren, Li-Liang
Hong, Yang
Gourley, Jonathan J.
Chen, Xi
Zhang, You-Jing
Yang, Xiao-Li
Zhang, Zeng-Xin
Wang, Wei-Guang
TI A novel multiple flow direction algorithm for computing the topographic
wetness index
SO HYDROLOGY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE flow partition; hydrological model; multiple flow direction algorithm;
topographic wetness index
ID ENERGY-BALANCE; TOPMODEL; MODEL; PREDICTION; PARAMETERS; CATCHMENTS;
PATHS; WATER
AB The topographic wetness index (TNI), frequently used in approximately characterizing the spatial distribution of soil moisture and surface saturation within a watershed, has been widely applied in topography-related geographical processes and hydrological models. However, it is still questionable whether the current algorithms of TWI can adequately model the spatial distribution of topographic characteristics. Based upon the widely-used multiple flow direction approach (MFD), a novel MFD algorithm (NMFD) is proposed for improving the TWI derivation using a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) in this study. Compared with MFD, NMFD improves the mathematical equations of the contributing area and more precisely calculates the effective contour length. Additionally, a varying exponent strategy is adopted to dynamically determine the downslope flow-partition exponent. Finally, a flow-direction tracking method is employed to address grid cells in flat terrain. The NMFD algorithm is first applied to a catchment located upstream of the Hanjiang River in China to demonstrate its accuracy and improvements. Then NMFD is quantitatively evaluated by using four types of artificial mathematical surfaces. The results indicate that the error generated by NMFD is generally lower than that computed by MFD, and NMFD is able to more accurately represent the hydrological similarity of watersheds.
C1 [Yong, Bin; Ren, Li-Liang; Chen, Xi; Yang, Xiao-Li; Zhang, Zeng-Xin; Wang, Wei-Guang] Hohai Univ, State Key Lab Hydrol Water Resources & Hydraul En, Nanjing 210098, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Yong, Bin; Zhang, You-Jing] Hohai Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Engn, Nanjing 210098, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Yong, Bin] Wuhan Univ, State Key Lab Water Resources & Hydropower Engn S, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China.
[Hong, Yang] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Civil Engn & Environm Sci, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Gourley, Jonathan J.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storm Lab, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
RP Ren, LL (reprint author), Hohai Univ, State Key Lab Hydrol Water Resources & Hydraul En, Nanjing 210098, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
EM rll@hhu.edu.cn
RI Hong, Yang/D-5132-2009; Yong, Bin/C-2257-2014; Gourley,
Jonathan/C-7929-2016
OI Hong, Yang/0000-0001-8720-242X; Yong, Bin/0000-0003-1466-2091; Gourley,
Jonathan/0000-0001-7363-3755
FU National Key Basic Research Program of China [2006CB400502]; National
Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China [40901017]; Ministry of
Education and State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs of China
[B08048]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; State
Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science
[2008B039]; State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and
Hydraulic Engineering [2009586512]; Chinese Ministry of Education
[308012, IRT0717]; 111 Project
FX This research was funded by the National Key Basic Research Program of
China (2006CB400502) and the National Science Foundation for Young
Scientists of China (40901017). This work was also financially supported
by the 111 Project, Ministry of Education and State Administration of
Foreign Experts Affairs of China (B08048), the Fundamental Research
Funds for the Central Universities, the open study funds of State Key
Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science
(2008B039) and the Independent Innovation Project of State Key
Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering
(2009586512). The authors also acknowledge the partial support granted
by the Key Project of Chinese Ministry of Education (308012) and the
Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in
University, Chinese Ministry of Education (IRT0717). We extend our
appreciation to the anonymous reviewers for their constructive
suggestions on an earlier version of this paper.
NR 33
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 21
PU IWA PUBLISHING
PI LONDON
PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H0QS, ENGLAND
SN 1998-9563
J9 HYDROL RES
JI Hydrol. Res.
PY 2012
VL 43
IS 1-2
BP 135
EP 145
DI 10.2166/nh.2011.115
PG 11
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA 887DB
UT WOS:000299905000014
ER
PT J
AU Coddington, I
Giorgetta, FR
Baumann, E
Swann, WC
Newbury, NR
AF Coddington, Ian
Giorgetta, Fabrizio R.
Baumann, Esther
Swann, William C.
Newbury, Nathan R.
TI Characterizing Fast Arbitrary CW Waveforms With 1500 THz/s Instantaneous
Chirps
SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Frequency combs; laser tuning; metrology
ID OPTICAL FREQUENCY-SYNTHESIZER; DUAL-COMB SPECTROSCOPY; ABSOLUTE MODE
NUMBER; FREE-INDUCTION DECAY; FIBER-LASER; FEMTOSECOND-LASER; NOBEL
LECTURE; RANGE; GENERATOR; PRECISE
AB The instantaneous frequency of a rapidly tuned continuous-wave (CW) laser is measured through linear optical sampling against dual-frequency combs. This dual-comb interferometer determines the instantaneous frequency of the CW laser during a quasi-sinewave frequency sweep of 3 THz amplitude with a 10 ms period. More complicated waveforms are also measured with instantaneous chirps exceeding 1500 THz/s (12 000 nm/s). The uncertainty is 1.5MHz at 20 ns time resolution, averaging down to 5 kHz at 5 mu s time resolution. The absolute frequency accuracy can be calibrated to within 2.5 kHz provided there is a brief period (<1ms) of low laser chirp (<160 GHz/s) during the waveform measurement to allow for a dual-comb Vernier measurement of the absolute frequency, modulo 3 THz. This approach allows for the characterization of arbitrary CW waveforms with instantaneous frequencies that change rapidly and over wide optical bandwidth.
C1 [Coddington, Ian; Giorgetta, Fabrizio R.; Baumann, Esther; Swann, William C.; Newbury, Nathan R.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Coddington, I (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM ian@boulder.nist.gov; fabrizio@nist.gov; baumann@boulder.nist.gov;
swann@boulder.nist.gov; nnewbury@boulder.nist.gov
RI Giorgetta, Fabrizio/O-1730-2014; Baumann, Esther/P-1315-2015
OI Giorgetta, Fabrizio/0000-0003-2066-3912; Baumann,
Esther/0000-0002-6569-2090
FU Swiss National Science Foundation [PBNEP2-127797]
FX The work of F. R. Giorgetta was supported by the Swiss National Science
Foundation under Grant PBNEP2-127797.
NR 47
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 16
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1077-260X
J9 IEEE J SEL TOP QUANT
JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2012
VL 18
IS 1
BP 228
EP 238
DI 10.1109/JSTQE.2011.2114875
PG 11
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA 887ND
UT WOS:000299933700025
ER
PT J
AU Cundiff, ST
Bristow, AD
Siemens, M
Li, HB
Moody, G
Karaiskaj, D
Dai, XC
Zhang, TH
AF Cundiff, Steven T.
Bristow, Alan D.
Siemens, Mark
Li, Hebin
Moody, Galan
Karaiskaj, Denis
Dai, Xingcan
Zhang, Tianhao
TI Optical 2-D Fourier Transform Spectroscopy of Excitons in Semiconductor
Nanostructures
SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Semiconductor nanostructures; spectroscopy; ultrafast optics
ID 2-DIMENSIONAL INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; GAAS QUANTUM-WELLS; 4-WAVE-MIXING
LINE-SHAPES; ELECTRONIC SPECTROSCOPY; SPECTRAL INTERFEROMETRY; NONLINEAR
SPECTROSCOPY; PHOTON-ECHOES; BAND-EDGE; EXCITATION; PHASE
AB Optical 2-D Fourier transform spectroscopy is a powerful technique for studying resonant light-matter interactions, determining the transition structure and monitoring dynamics of optically created excitations. The ability to separate homogeneous and inhomogeneous broadening is one important capability. In this paper, we discuss the use of this technique to study excitonic transitions in semiconductor nanostructures. In quantum wells, the effects of structural disorder is observed as inhomogeneous broadening of the exciton resonances. In quantum dots, the temperature dependence of the homogeneous width gives insight into the nature of the dephasing processes.
C1 [Cundiff, Steven T.; Bristow, Alan D.; Siemens, Mark; Li, Hebin; Moody, Galan; Karaiskaj, Denis; Dai, Xingcan] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Cundiff, Steven T.; Bristow, Alan D.; Siemens, Mark; Li, Hebin; Moody, Galan; Karaiskaj, Denis; Dai, Xingcan; Zhang, Tianhao] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Cundiff, Steven T.; Moody, Galan] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Cundiff, ST (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM cundiff@jila.colorado.edu; alan.bristow@mail.wvu.edu; msiemens@du.edu;
hebin.li@jila.colorado.edu; galan.moody@colorado.edu; karaiskaj@usf.edu;
XingcanDai@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn; TZhang@uamail.albany.edu
RI Li, Hebin/A-8711-2009; Bristow, Alan/F-9703-2013; Cundiff,
Steven/B-4974-2009; Moody, Galan/J-5811-2014; Dai, Xingcan/B-3556-2014
OI Cundiff, Steven/0000-0002-7119-5197; Moody, Galan/0000-0001-7263-1483;
FU National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy; Chemical
Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division Office of Basic Energy
Sciences; National Academy of Sciences/National Research Council
FX The authors thank R. P. Mirin, National Institute of Standards and
Technology (NIST)-Boulder, for providing the quantum-well samples, D.
Gammon and A. S. Bracker, National Research Laboratory (NRL), for
providing the natural quantum dot sample and P. Thomas, T. Meier, and S.
Mukamel for discussions. This work was funded by the the National
Science Foundation, the U.S. Department of Energy, and the Chemical
Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division Office of Basic Energy
Sciences. M. E. Siemens acknowledges funding from the National Academy
of Sciences/National Research Council postdoctoral fellows program.
NR 71
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 2
U2 33
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1077-260X
J9 IEEE J SEL TOP QUANT
JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2012
VL 18
IS 1
BP 318
EP 328
DI 10.1109/JSTQE.2011.2123876
PG 11
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA 887ND
UT WOS:000299933700033
ER
PT J
AU Fair, PA
Stavros, HC
Mollenhauer, MAM
DeWitt, JC
Henry, N
Kannan, K
Yun, SH
Bossart, GD
Keil, DE
Peden-Adams, MM
AF Fair, Patricia A.
Stavros, Hui-Chen
Mollenhauer, Meagan A. M.
DeWitt, Jamie C.
Henry, Natasha
Kannan, Kurunthachalam
Yun, Se Hun
Bossart, Gregory D.
Keil, Deborah E.
Peden-Adams, Margie M.
TI Immune function in female B6C3F1 mice is modulated by DE-71, a
commercial polybrominated diphenyl ether mixture
SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOTOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Polybrominated diphenyl ether; PBDE; DE-71; immune; hematology; splenic
CD4+/CD8+cells; serum clinical chemistry; thyroid hormone; histology
ID BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS; SYNCYTIAL VIRUS-INFECTION; BETA T-CELLS;
POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; OFFSPRING MICE; UNITED-STATES; PBDE MIXTURE;
NEW-YORK; EXPOSURE; SERUM
AB Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are an important class of flame-retardants that are environmentally persistent and bioaccumulative. Toxicity of these compounds has become a concern because detectable levels of PBDEs are present in humans and wildlife and they are structurally similar to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). This study examined the effects of the commercial penta-BDE mixture, DE-71, in adult female B6C3F1 mice on hematology, serum clinical chemistry, thyroid hormones, tissue histology, and several immunotoxicity end-points (lymphocyte proliferation, NK cell activity, splenic immunophenotypes, and SRBC-specific-IgM production). Mice were exposed via oral gavage for 28 days to achieve total administered doses (TAD) of 0, 0.5, 5, 50, or 100 mg/kg. No changes in histology, clinical chemistry, body or organ weights were observed. Serum total T3 and T4 levels were not altered by any of the DE-71 treatments. Peripheral blood monocyte numbers were decreased by the 0.5, 5, and 50 mg/kg treatments, but not by the 100 mg/kg TAD concentration. Compared to controls, mitogen-stimulated T-and B-cell proliferation was increased by the 100 mg/kg TAD concentration (ED50 = 60 mg/kg TAD [2.14 mg/kg/day] and 58 mg/kg TAD [2.57 mg/kg/day], respectively). NK cell activity was decreased compared to controls by the 100 mg/kg TAD concentration (ED50 = 20 mg/kg TAD [0.7 mg/kg/day]). No alterations were noted in thymic T-cell populations or in SRBC-specific-IgM production. Numbers of CD19(+)CD21, CD19(+)CD21(+), CD4(+)CD8, CD4 CD8(+), CD4 CD8, and MHC-II+ cells in the spleen were not affected. However, the numbers of splenic CD4(+)CD8(+) cells were decreased compared to the controls by 0.5, 5, and 100 mg/kg TAD. This study provides an assessment of the systemic toxicity and immunotoxicity of DE-71, and indicates that immune parameters are modulated at exposure concentrations lower than previously reported.
C1 [Fair, Patricia A.; Stavros, Hui-Chen; Henry, Natasha] NOAA, NOS, CCEHBR, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Stavros, Hui-Chen] O2Si Smart Solut, Charleston, SC 29407 USA.
[Mollenhauer, Meagan A. M.; Peden-Adams, Margie M.] Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA.
[DeWitt, Jamie C.] E Carolina Univ, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Brody Sch Med, Greenville, NC USA.
[Kannan, Kurunthachalam; Yun, Se Hun] SUNY Albany, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Albany, NY USA.
[Kannan, Kurunthachalam; Yun, Se Hun] SUNY Albany, Sch Publ Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr, New York State Dept Hlth, New York, NY USA.
[Keil, Deborah E.] Univ Utah, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
[Bossart, Gregory D.] Georgia Aquarium, Atlanta, GA USA.
[Peden-Adams, Margie M.] Univ Nevada, Harry Reid Ctr Environm Studies, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA.
RP Fair, PA (reprint author), NOAA, NOS, CCEHBR, 219 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
EM pat.fair@noaa.gov
OI DeWitt, Jamie/0000-0002-0440-4059
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)/National Ocean
Service/Center for Coastal Environmental Health and Biomolecular
Research
FX The authors report no conflicts of interest. The project was funded by
the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)/National
Ocean Service/Center for Coastal Environmental Health and Biomolecular
Research.
NR 69
TC 13
Z9 15
U1 6
U2 29
PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE
PI NEW YORK
PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1547-691X
J9 J IMMUNOTOXICOL
JI J. Immunotoxicol.
PD JAN-MAR
PY 2012
VL 9
IS 1
BP 96
EP 107
DI 10.3109/1547691X.2011.643418
PG 12
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 887CF
UT WOS:000299902300011
PM 22214215
ER
PT J
AU Fair, PA
Houde, M
Hulsey, TC
Bossart, GD
Adams, J
Balthis, L
Muir, DCG
AF Fair, Patricia A.
Houde, Magali
Hulsey, Thomas C.
Bossart, Gregory D.
Adams, Jeff
Balthis, Len
Muir, Derek C. G.
TI Assessment of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in plasma of bottlenose
dolphins from two southeast US estuarine areas: Relationship with age,
sex and geographic locations
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs); PFOS; PFOA; Bottlenose dolphins;
Tursiops truncatus
ID PERFLUOROOCTANE SULFONATE PFOS; ADULT-BLOOD DONORS; TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS;
PERFLUOROALKYL COMPOUNDS; MARINE MAMMALS; FLUORINATED HYDROCARBONS;
ATLANTIC-OCEAN; ACIDS; FLUOROCHEMICALS; EXPOSURE
AB Plasma PFCs were measured in 157 bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) sampled from two US southeast Atlantic sites (Charleston (CHS), SC and Indian River Lagoon (IRL), FL) during 2003-2005. Sigma PFCs, perfluoroalkyl carboxylates (Sigma PFCAs), perfluoroalkyl sulfonates (Sigma PFSAs) and individual compounds were significantly higher in CHS dolphins for all age/sex categories compared to IRL dolphins. Highest Sigma PFCs concentrations occurred in CHS juvenile dolphins (2340 ng/g w.w.); significantly higher than found in adults (1570 ng/g w.w. males; 1330 ng/g w.w. females). Sigma PFCAs were much greater in CHS dolphins (similar to 21%) compared to IRL dolphins (similar to 7%); Sigma PFSAs were 79% in CHS dolphins versus 93% in IRL dolphins. PFOS, the dominant compound, averaged 72% and 84%, respectively, in CHS and IRL dolphins. Decreasing PFC levels occurred with age on the bioaccumulation of PFCs in both sites. These observations suggest PFC accumulation in these two dolphin populations are influenced by site-specific exposures with significantly higher levels in CHS dolphins. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Fair, Patricia A.; Balthis, Len] Natl Ocean Serv, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Houde, Magali] Environm Canada, Ctr St Lauremt, Montreal, PQ H2Y 2E7, Canada.
[Hulsey, Thomas C.] Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC USA.
[Bossart, Gregory D.] Florida Atlantic Univ, Harbor Branch, Oceanog Inst, Ft Pierce, FL 34946 USA.
[Bossart, Gregory D.] Georgia Aquarium, Nw Atlanta, GA 30313 USA.
[Adams, Jeff] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Muir, Derek C. G.] Environm Canada, Aquat Ecosyst Protect Res Div, Burlington, ON L7R 4A6, Canada.
RP Fair, PA (reprint author), Natl Ocean Serv, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, 219 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
EM pat.fair@noaa.gov
OI Muir, Derek/0000-0001-6631-9776
FU NOAA/NCCOS/CCEHBR; NOAA; Florida Protect Wild Dolphins License Plate
Fund
FX We would like to thank the numerous researchers who participated in the
dolphin capture and release studies in South Carolina and Florida. We
are especially grateful to Dr. Forrest Townsend, Mr. Larry Hansen, Mr.
Eric Zolman, Mr. Steve McCulloch, Mr. Larry Fulford, the NOAA and HBOI
staff, the collaborators and veterinarians who provided their expertise,
and the many volunteers whose help made the health assessment studies
possible. We thank Mr. Wayne McFee for age analysis and Ms. Myla Ebling
and Mr. Adam Schaefer for statistical support. We also thank Drs. Henry,
Fire and Meaburn for manuscript review. This study was conducted under
National Marine Fisheries Permit No. 998-1678, issued to Gregory
Bossart, V.M.D., Ph.D., and supported through NOAA/NCCOS/CCEHBR, NOAA
Fisheries Marine Mammal Health and Stranding Response Program and the
Florida Protect Wild Dolphins License Plate Fund.
NR 66
TC 20
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 31
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 64
IS 1
BP 66
EP 74
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.10.022
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 888CJ
UT WOS:000299981100023
PM 22118898
ER
PT J
AU Smith, DH
Gillett, G
de Almeida, MP
Branciard, C
Fedrizzi, A
Weinhold, TJ
Lita, A
Calkins, B
Gerrits, T
Wiseman, HM
Nam, SW
White, AG
AF Smith, Devin H.
Gillett, Geoff
de Almeida, Marcelo P.
Branciard, Cyril
Fedrizzi, Alessandro
Weinhold, Till J.
Lita, Adriana
Calkins, Brice
Gerrits, Thomas
Wiseman, Howard M.
Nam, Sae Woo
White, Andrew G.
TI Conclusive quantum steering with superconducting transition-edge sensors
SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID CURRENT SITUATION; BELLS-INEQUALITY; VIOLATION; MECHANICS; ENTANGLEMENT;
PHOTONS; STATES; FIBER
AB Quantum steering allows two parties to verify shared entanglement even if one measurement device is untrusted. A conclusive demonstration of steering through the violation of a steering inequality is of considerable fundamental interest and opens up applications in quantum communication. To date, all experimental tests with single-photon states have relied on post selection, allowing untrusted devices to cheat by hiding unfavourable events in losses. Here we close this 'detection loophole' by combining a highly efficient source of entangled photon pairs with superconducting transition-edge sensors. We achieve an unprecedented similar to 62% conditional detection efficiency of entangled photons and violate a steering inequality with the minimal number of measurement settings by 48 s.d.s. Our results provide a clear path to practical applications of steering and to a photonic loophole-free Bell test.
C1 [Smith, Devin H.; Gillett, Geoff; de Almeida, Marcelo P.; Fedrizzi, Alessandro; Weinhold, Till J.; White, Andrew G.] Univ Queensland, Ctr Engn Quantum Syst, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
[Smith, Devin H.; Gillett, Geoff; de Almeida, Marcelo P.; Fedrizzi, Alessandro; Weinhold, Till J.; White, Andrew G.] Univ Queensland, Ctr Quantum Computat & Commun Technol, Australian Res Council, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
[Smith, Devin H.; Gillett, Geoff; de Almeida, Marcelo P.; Branciard, Cyril; Fedrizzi, Alessandro; Weinhold, Till J.; White, Andrew G.] Univ Queensland, Sch Math & Phys, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
[Lita, Adriana; Calkins, Brice; Gerrits, Thomas; Nam, Sae Woo] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Wiseman, Howard M.] Griffith Univ, Ctr Quantum Computat & Commun Technol, Australian Res Council, Ctr Quantum Dynam, Brisbane, Qld 4111, Australia.
RP Smith, DH (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Ctr Engn Quantum Syst, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
EM smith@physics.uq.edu.au
RI Fedrizzi, Alessandro/E-2888-2010; Gillett, Geoffrey/A-2342-2010;
Branciard, Cyril/A-6964-2012; Wiseman, Howard/A-7266-2008; Weinhold,
Till/A-9023-2013; de Almeida, Marcelo/E-6084-2013; White,
Andrew/A-1088-2009
OI Fedrizzi, Alessandro/0000-0002-5089-3148; Gillett,
Geoffrey/0000-0002-4933-4621; Branciard, Cyril/0000-0001-9460-825X;
Wiseman, Howard/0000-0001-6815-854X; de Almeida,
Marcelo/0000-0001-8791-4486; White, Andrew/0000-0001-9639-5200
FU ARC; IARPA funded US Army Research Office; Australian Research Council
Centres of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems [CE110001013];
Quantum Computation and Communication Technology [CE110001027]; NIST
Quantum Information Initiative
FX We thank M. A. Broome for assistance with the experimental preparations.
We acknowledge financial support from the ARC Discovery and Federation
Fellow programs and an IARPA-funded US Army Research Office contract.
This research was conducted by the Australian Research Council Centres
of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems (Project number
CE110001013) and Quantum Computation and Communication Technology
(Project number CE110001027). The NIST contribution was supported by the
NIST Quantum Information Initiative, and is a work of the US Government
and as such this article is not subject to US Copyright.
NR 37
TC 113
Z9 113
U1 2
U2 24
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2041-1723
J9 NAT COMMUN
JI Nat. Commun.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 3
AR 625
DI 10.1038/ncomms1628
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 887IV
UT WOS:000299921000023
PM 22233635
ER
PT J
AU Bhandavat, R
Kuhn, W
Mansfield, E
Lehman, J
Singh, G
AF Bhandavat, R.
Kuhn, W.
Mansfield, E.
Lehman, J.
Singh, G.
TI Synthesis of Polymer-Derived Ceramic Si(B)CN-Carbon Nanotube Composite
by Microwave-Induced Interfacial Polarization
SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
LA English
DT Article
DE microwave; polymer-derived ceramic; Si(B)CN; carbon nanotubes
ID WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; SILICON-CARBIDE;
FUNCTIONALIZATION; PURIFICATION; ABSORPTION
AB We demonstrate synthesis of a polymer-derived ceramic (PDC)-multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composite using microwave irradiation at 2.45 GHz. The process takes about 10 min of microwave irradiation for the polymer-to-ceramic conversion. The successful conversion of polymer coated carbon nanotubes to ceramic composite is chemically ascertained by Fourier transform-infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and physically by thermogravimetric analysis and transmission electron microscopy characterization. Frequency dependent dielectric measurements in the S-Band (300 MHz to 3 GHz) were studied to quantify the extent of microwave-CNT interaction and the degree of selective heating available at the MWCNT-polymer interface. Experimentally obtained return loss of the incident microwaves in the specimen explains the reason for heat generation. The temperature-dependent permittivity of polar molecules further strengthens the argument of internal heat generation.
C1 [Bhandavat, R.; Singh, G.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
[Kuhn, W.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
[Mansfield, E.; Lehman, J.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Singh, G (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Mech & Nucl Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
EM gurpreet@ksu.edu
RI Mansfield, Elisabeth/C-5258-2012; Singh, Gurpreet/J-9083-2012
OI Mansfield, Elisabeth/0000-0003-2463-0966;
FU National Science Foundation [EPS-0903806]; State of Kansas through
Kansas Technology Enterprise Corporation
FX This research is based on work supported by the National Science
Foundation under Grant EPS-0903806 and the State of Kansas through
Kansas Technology Enterprise Corporation. We thank the following people
for equipment usage and training: Dr. Jerry Hunter for XPS data, Myles
Ikenberry and Yen Ting Kuo for the FTIR and TGA. Certain commercial
equipment, instruments, or materials are identified in this document.
Such identification implies neither recommendation nor endorsement by
the National Institute of Standards and Technology, or that the products
identified are necessarily the best available for the purpose.
NR 32
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 6
U2 33
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1944-8244
J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER
JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 4
IS 1
BP 11
EP 16
DI 10.1021/am201358s
PG 6
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 880LV
UT WOS:000299409500003
PM 22141448
ER
PT J
AU Rinella, DJ
Wipfli, MS
Stricker, CA
Heintz, RA
Rinella, MJ
AF Rinella, Daniel J.
Wipfli, Mark S.
Stricker, Craig A.
Heintz, Ron A.
Rinella, Matthew J.
TI Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) runs and consumer fitness: growth and
energy storage in stream-dwelling salmonids increase with salmon spawner
density
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID JUVENILE COHO SALMON; STABLE-ISOTOPE RATIOS; FRESH-WATER; FOOD WEBS;
SOCKEYE-SALMON; SOUTHEASTERN ALASKA; RESIDENT SALMONIDS; MARINE
SUBSIDIES; NUCLEIC-ACIDS; KISUTCH
AB We examined how marine-derived nutrients (MDN), in the form of spawning Pacific salmon, influenced the nutritional status and delta N-15 of stream-dwelling fishes. We sampled juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and Dolly Varden (Salvelinus malma) during spring and fall from 11 south-central Alaskan streams that ranged widely in spawning salmon biomass (0.1-4.7 kg.m(-2)). Growth rate (as indexed by RNA-DNA ratios), energy density, and delta N-15 enrichment in spring-sampled fishes increased with spawner biomass, indicating the persistence of spawner effects more than 6 months after salmon spawning. Point estimates suggest that spawner effects on nutrition were substantially greater for coho salmon than Dolly Varden (268% and 175% greater for growth and energy, respectively), indicating that both species benefitted physiologically, but that juvenile coho salmon accrued more benefits than Dolly Varden. Although the data were less conclusive for fall-than spring-sampled fish, they do suggest spawner effects were also generally positive during fall, soon after salmon spawned. In a follow-up analysis where growth rate and energy density were modeled as a function of delta N-15 enrichment, results suggested that both increased with MDN assimilation, especially in juvenile coho salmon. Our results support the importance of salmon runs to the nutritional ecology of stream-dwelling fishes.
C1 [Rinella, Daniel J.] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Alaska Nat Heritage Program, Environm & Nat Resources Inst, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Rinella, Daniel J.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Wipfli, Mark S.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Stricker, Craig A.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Heintz, Ron A.] Auke Bay Labs, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Rinella, Matthew J.] ARS, USDA, Miles City, MT 59301 USA.
RP Rinella, DJ (reprint author), Univ Alaska Anchorage, Alaska Nat Heritage Program, Environm & Nat Resources Inst, 3211 Providence Dr,Beatrice McDonald Hall, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM rinella@uaa.alaska.edu
FU Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustees Council; University of Alaska
Anchorage's Environment and Natural Resources Institute
FX Thanks go to the Gulf Ecosystem Monitoring program (Exxon Valdez Oil
Spill Trustees Council) for funding this project. Coowe Walker, Steve
Baird, and Megan Murphy with the Kachemak Bay Research Reserve gave
invaluable help in the field. Thanks also go to Ted Otis, David
Westerman, Mike Booz, and Jeff Breakfield for help with Alaska
Department of Fish and Game spawner counts and to Cayce Gulbransen for
performing the isotope analyses. Advice from Hal Geiger and two
anonymous reviewers greatly improved the manuscript. The US Forest
Service Forest Health and the Kachemak Bay Research Reserve provided
laboratory and bunkhouse space in Cooper Landing and Homer,
respectively. Finally, thanks are extended to the University of Alaska
Anchorage's Environment and Natural Resources Institute for supplemental
funding during analysis and writing. The use of trade, product, or firm
names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 64
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 32
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
EI 1205-7533
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 69
IS 1
BP 73
EP 84
DI 10.1139/F2011-133
PG 12
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 885PE
UT WOS:000299790400006
ER
PT J
AU Mancia, A
Spyropoulos, DD
McFee, WE
Newton, DA
Baatz, JE
AF Mancia, Annalaura
Spyropoulos, Demetri D.
McFee, Wayne E.
Newton, Danforth A.
Baatz, John E.
TI Cryopreservation and in vitro culture of primary cell types from lung
tissue of a stranded pygmy sperm whale (Kogia breviceps)
SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY C-TOXICOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Marine mammal; Pygmy sperm whale; Cryopreservation; Lung; Cell culture
ID SP-B; BIOREPOSITORY; ATLANTIC
AB Current models for in vitro studies of tissue function and physiology, including responses to hypoxia or environmental toxins, are limited and rely heavily on standard 2-dimensional (2-D) cultures with immortalized murine or human cell lines. To develop a new more powerful model system, we have pursued methods to establish and expand cultures of primary lung cell types and reconstituted tissues from marine mammals. What little is known about the physiology of the deep-sea diving pygmy sperm whale (PSW), Kogia breviceps, comes primarily from stranding events that occur along the coast of the southeastern United States. Thus, development of a method for preserving live tissues and retrieving live cells from deceased stranded individuals was initiated. This report documents successful cryopreservation of PSW lung tissue. We established in vitro cultures of primary lung cell types from tissue fragments that had been cryopreserved several months earlier at the stranding event. Dissociation of cryopreserved lung tissues readily provides a variety of primary cell types that, to varying degrees, can be expanded and further studied/manipulated in cell culture. In addition, PSW-specific molecular markers have been developed that permitted the monitoring of fibroblast, alveolar type II, and vascular endothelial cell types. Reconstitution of 3-D cultures of lung tissues with these cell types is now underway. This novel system may facilitate the development of rare or disease-specific lung tissue models (e.g., to test causes of PSW stranding events and lead to improved treatments for pulmonary hypertension or reperfusion injury in humans). Also, the establishment of a "living" tissue bank biorepository for rare/endangered species could serve multiple purposes as surrogates for freshly isolated samples. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Mancia, Annalaura; Spyropoulos, Demetri D.; Baatz, John E.] Med Univ S Carolina, Marine Biomed & Environm Sci Ctr, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Mancia, Annalaura; Newton, Danforth A.; Baatz, John E.] Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Pediat, Charleston, SC 29425 USA.
[Spyropoulos, Demetri D.] Med Univ S Carolina, Hollings Canc Ctr, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[McFee, Wayne E.] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
RP Baatz, JE (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Marine Biomed & Environm Sci Ctr, Hollings Marine Lab, 331 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
EM baatzje@musc.edu
RI mancia, annalaura/F-9706-2013;
OI mancia, annalaura/0000-0001-8680-3530; Baatz, John/0000-0001-5870-1000
FU National Institutes of Health [HL085738]
FX The authors would like to thank Deirdre Myroslawa Soloshchenko for
technical assistance in genotypic analyses and maintenance of the mouse
colony, and D. Walker for technical assistance with the counting of
cells and maintenance of records. This work was conducted with support
from the National Institutes of Health, Grant Number HL085738.
NR 20
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1532-0456
J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS C
JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C-Toxicol. Pharmacol.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 155
IS 1
SI SI
BP 136
EP 142
DI 10.1016/j.cbpc.2011.04.002
PG 7
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism;
Toxicology; Zoology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism;
Toxicology; Zoology
GA 869DC
UT WOS:000298574900018
ER
PT J
AU Faber-Hammond, J
Phillips, RB
Park, LK
AF Faber-Hammond, J.
Phillips, R. B.
Park, L. K.
TI The Sockeye Salmon Neo-Y Chromosome Is a Fusion between Linkage Groups
Orthologous to the Coho Y Chromosome and the Long Arm of Rainbow Trout
Chromosome 2
SO CYTOGENETIC AND GENOME RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Evolution; Neo-Y; Sex chromosomes; Sockeye salmon
ID MULTIPLE SEX-CHROMOSOMES; CHINOOK SALMON; ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA;
DROSOPHILA-MIRANDA; EVOLUTION; DIFFERENTIATION; FISHES; IDENTIFICATION;
RECOMBINATION; DEGENERATION
AB Unlike other Pacific salmon, sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) have an X1X2Y sex chromosome system, with females having a diploid chromosome number of 2n = 58 and males 2n = 57 in all populations examined. To determine the origin of the sockeye Y chromosome, we mapped microsatellite loci from the rainbow trout (O. mykiss; OMY) genetic map, including those found on the Y chromosomes of related species, in kokanee (i.e. non-anadromous sockeye) crosses. Results showed that 3 microsatellite loci from the long arm of rainbow trout chromosome 8 (OMY8q), linked to SEX (the sex-determining locus) in coho salmon (O. kisutch), are also closely linked to SEX in the kokanee crosses. We also found that 3 microsatellite loci from OMY2q are linked to those markers from OMY8q and SEX in kokanee, with both linkage groups fused to form the neo-Y. These results were confirmed by physical mapping of BAC clones containing microsatellite loci from OMY8q and OMY2q to kokanee chromosomes using fluorescence in situ hybridization. The fusion of OMY2q to the ancestral Y may have resolved sexual conflict and, in turn, may have played a large role in the divergence of sockeye from a shared ancestor with coho. Copyright (C) 2011 S. Karger AG, Basel
C1 [Faber-Hammond, J.; Phillips, R. B.] Washington State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Vancouver, WA 98686 USA.
[Phillips, R. B.] Washington State Univ, Ctr Reprod Biol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Park, L. K.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Phillips, RB (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Biol Sci VELS 215,14204 NE Salmon Creek Ave, Vancouver, WA 98686 USA.
EM phillipsr@vancouver.wsu.edu
NR 31
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 8
PU KARGER
PI BASEL
PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 1424-8581
J9 CYTOGENET GENOME RES
JI Cytogenet. Genome Res.
PY 2012
VL 136
IS 1
BP 69
EP 74
DI 10.1159/000334583
PG 6
WC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 886QG
UT WOS:000299868300009
PM 22188666
ER
PT J
AU Anitescu, G
Bruno, TJ
AF Anitescu, George
Bruno, Thomas J.
TI Liquid Biofuels: Fluid Properties to Optimize Feedstock Selection,
Processing, Refining/Blending, Storage/Transportation, and Combustion
SO ENERGY & FUELS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Sino-Australian Symposium on Advanced Coal and Biomass Utilisation
Technologies
CY DEC 09-11, 2011
CL Wuhan, PEOPLES R CHINA
ID EQUATION-OF-STATE; DISTILLATION CURVE METHOD; COMPRESSION-IGNITION
ENGINES; LOW-TEMPERATURE COMBUSTION; INJECTION DIESEL-ENGINE;
ALCOHOL-GASOLINE BLENDS; BIODIESEL PRODUCTION; SUPERCRITICAL METHANOL;
HIGH-PRESSURE; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES
AB As the availability of petroleum-based liquid fuels is becoming increasingly problematic, alternative renewable biofuels attract growing research and development (R&D) and industry interest. The focus is to produce fuels with desired properties in both technically and economically attractive ways to support sustainability and protect the environment. While abundant, the variety of biomass feedstocks brings a great deal of incompatibility of various biofuels and the combustion engines. A consistent theme is that better knowledge of fuel properties would lead to better designs and shorter development times of everything from fuel production facilities to emission control systems. Thermophysical properties of biofuels are required to efficiently design the processes involved in their production, distribution, and utilization. These properties are also needed to develop and validate physicochemical models, the tools employed in process design, product development, or academic research. To date, the connection between the expertise in fluid properties and an integrating knowledge of where and how these properties are employed has not been adequately developed. Accordingly, the main goal of this review is to unite and set out the potential for synergy between all of the essential steps of fuel production and applications (from feedstock selection to the end use) with the properties of the fuel at each step. An integrating approach on a broad scale is helpful for the increasing number of fuel researchers, process engineers, entrepreneurs, and end users. This review discusses the main driving forces that are likely to encourage further development and move the emerging biofuel technologies from promising ideas to competitive solutions.
C1 [Anitescu, George; Bruno, Thomas J.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Thermophys Properties Div, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Bruno, TJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Thermophys Properties Div, Boulder, CO USA.
EM bruno@boulder.nist.gov
RI 李, 涵/B-4995-2012
NR 212
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 2
U2 57
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0887-0624
EI 1520-5029
J9 ENERG FUEL
JI Energy Fuels
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 26
IS 1
BP 324
EP 348
DI 10.1021/ef201392s
PG 25
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 882SE
UT WOS:000299583400037
ER
PT J
AU Marengo, JA
Liebmann, B
Grimm, AM
Misra, V
Dias, PLS
Cavalcanti, IFA
Carvalho, LMV
Berbery, EH
Ambrizzi, T
Vera, CS
Saulo, AC
Nogues-Paegle, J
Zipser, E
Seth, A
Alves, LM
AF Marengo, J. A.
Liebmann, B.
Grimm, A. M.
Misra, V.
Silva Dias, P. L.
Cavalcanti, I. F. A.
Carvalho, L. M. V.
Berbery, E. H.
Ambrizzi, T.
Vera, C. S.
Saulo, A. C.
Nogues-Paegle, J.
Zipser, E.
Seth, A.
Alves, L. M.
TI Recent developments on the South American monsoon system
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE South American monsoon; climate change; climate variability
ID ATLANTIC CONVERGENCE ZONE; LOW-LEVEL JET; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE;
LA-PLATA BASIN; MESOSCALE CONVECTIVE COMPLEXES; EXTREME PRECIPITATION
EVENTS; BRAZILIAN AMAZON BASIN; FUTURE CLIMATE-CHANGE; INTERANNUAL
VARIABILITY; SUMMER MONSOON
AB This paper reviews recent progress made in our understanding of the functioning and variability of the South American Monsoon System (SAMS) on time scales varying from synoptic to long-term variability and climate change. The SAMS contains one of the most prominent summertime climate patterns in South America, featuring a strong seasonal variability in a region lying between the Amazon and the La Plata Basin. Much of the recent progress is derived from complementary international programs, such as the Monsoon Experiment South America (MESA), as well as from ongoing international programs such as the Large Scale Biosphere Atmosphere Experiment in the Amazon Basin (LBA) and the La Plata Basin (LPB) Regional Hydroclimate Project, which includes the CLARIS LPB Europe-South America Network for Climate Change Assessment and Impact Studies in La Plata Basin Project. The latter assesses atmosphere-land surface interactions, the role of land use changes and aerosols from biomass burning considered as sources of variability and change in the SAMS functioning, characteristics and behaviour.
The SAMS region is particularly susceptible to variations of climate due to the importance of hydroelectricity generation and the agricultural base of local economies. Also addressed in this report are projections of climate change and extremes, which are important for impact and vulnerability assessments. This discussion includes the need to identify and understand important processes that control the monsoonal climate, how these processes may vary and change, and how they may interact with key societal sectors, including water resource management, hydroelectric generation, agriculture, and agribusiness.
This paper reports on the major contributions of MESA to the knowledge of characteristics, functioning and variability of the SAMS, and is based on recent studies and publications, and can be considered as an update of a previous review by C. S. Vera et al. (2006a). Copyright. 2010 Royal Meteorological Society
C1 [Marengo, J. A.] CCST INPE, BR-12630000 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[Liebmann, B.] CIRES NOAA, Boulder, CO USA.
[Grimm, A. M.] Univ Fed Parana, BR-80060000 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil.
[Misra, V.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Silva Dias, P. L.; Ambrizzi, T.; Alves, L. M.] Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[Cavalcanti, I. F. A.] CPTEC INPE, BR-12630000 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[Carvalho, L. M. V.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Berbery, E. H.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Vera, C. S.; Saulo, A. C.] Univ Buenos Aires, CONICET, CIMA FCEyN, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
[Nogues-Paegle, J.; Zipser, E.] Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
[Seth, A.] Univ Connecticut, Hartford, CT 06112 USA.
RP Marengo, JA (reprint author), CCST INPE, Rodovia Dutra Km 40, BR-12630000 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
EM jose.marengo@inpe.br
RI Carvalho, Leila/I-5027-2012; Marengo, Jose /J-9382-2012; Ambrizzi,
Tercio/A-4636-2008; Berbery, Ernesto/F-4560-2010; Leite da Silva Dias,
Pedro/H-1183-2016
OI Marengo, Jose /0000-0002-8154-2762; Berbery,
Ernesto/0000-0003-2587-3345; Leite da Silva Dias,
Pedro/0000-0002-4051-2962
FU NOAA [ANA07OAR4310221]; CNPq (Brazilian National Council for Scientific
and Technologic Development); European Community [212492]
FX We would like to thank the National Institute of Science and
Technology-Climate Change (INCT-Mudan, cas Climaticas) from the
Brazilian Ministry of Science and Technology MCT, the UK Global
Opportunity Fund-GOF Dangerous Climate Change (DCC) project. This work
was partially supported by NOAA Grant ANA07OAR4310221. I. Cavalcanti, A.
M. Grimm. T. Ambrizzi, and J. A. Marengo have received funding from CNPq
(Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technologic Development),
and from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme
(FP7/20072013) under Grant Agreement No. 212492 (CLARIS LPB-A
Europe-South America Network for Climate Change Assessment and Impact
Studies in La Plata Basin). Additional thanks go to Ms. Meredith Field
and Kathy Fearon of COAPS, FSU for her editorial assistance with this
manuscript. All authors are members of the MESA Science Working Group.
NR 153
TC 91
Z9 91
U1 3
U2 45
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0899-8418
EI 1097-0088
J9 INT J CLIMATOL
JI Int. J. Climatol.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 32
IS 1
BP 1
EP 21
DI 10.1002/joc.2254
PG 21
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 871JJ
UT WOS:000298733800001
ER
PT J
AU Diky, V
Chirico, RD
Muzny, CD
Kazakov, AF
Kroenlein, K
Magee, JW
Abdulagatov, I
Kang, JW
Frenkel, M
AF Diky, Vladimir
Chirico, Robert D.
Muzny, Chris D.
Kazakov, Andrei F.
Kroenlein, Kenneth
Magee, Joseph W.
Abdulagatov, Ilmutdin
Kang, Jeong Won
Frenkel, Michael
TI ThermoData Engine (TDE) Software Implementation of the Dynamic Data
Evaluation Concept. 7. Ternary Mixtures
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL INFORMATION AND MODELING
LA English
DT Article
ID VAPOR-LIQUID-EQUILIBRIA; EQUATION-OF-STATE; THERMODYNAMIC CONSISTENCY;
DATA COMPILATIONS; SYSTEMS; CYCLOHEXANE; PARAMETERS; METHANOL; QUALITY;
DEMAND
AB TherrnoData Engine (TDE) is the first full-scale software implementation of the dynamic data evaluation concept, as reported in this journal. The present paper describes the first application of this concept to the evaluation of thermophysical properties for ternary chemical systems. The method involves construction of Redlich-Kister type equations for individual properties (excess volume, thermal conductivity, viscosity, surface tension, and excess enthalpy) and activity coefficient models for phase equilibrium properties (vapor liquid and liquid liquid equilibrium). Constructed ternary models are based on those for the three pure component and three binary subsystems evaluated on demand through the TDE software algorithms. All models are described in detail, and extensions to the class structure of the program are provided. Reliable evaluation of properties for the binary subsystems is essential for successful property evaluations for ternary systems, and algorithms are described to aid appropriate parameter selection and fitting for the implemented activity coefficient models (NRTL, Wilson, Van Laar, Redlich-Kister, and UNIQUAC). Two activity coefficient models based on group contributions (original UNIFAC and NIST-KT-UNIFAC) are also implemented. Novel features of the user interface are shown, and directions for future enhancements are outlined.
C1 [Diky, Vladimir; Chirico, Robert D.; Muzny, Chris D.; Kazakov, Andrei F.; Kroenlein, Kenneth; Magee, Joseph W.; Abdulagatov, Ilmutdin; Frenkel, Michael] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Thermophys Properties Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Kang, Jeong Won] Korea Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Seoul 136701, South Korea.
RP Frenkel, M (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Thermophys Properties Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM frenkel@boulder.nist.gov
RI Kang, Jeongwon/F-7010-2013; Magee, Joseph/A-8496-2009
OI Kang, Jeongwon/0000-0002-5161-1122; Magee, Joseph/0000-0002-9312-8593
NR 45
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1549-9596
J9 J CHEM INF MODEL
JI J. Chem Inf. Model.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 52
IS 1
BP 260
EP 276
DI 10.1021/ci200456w
PG 17
WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science,
Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Computer Science
GA 879SD
UT WOS:000299351600025
PM 22107452
ER
PT J
AU Gallatin, GM
AF Gallatin, Gregg M.
TI Fourier, Gauss, Fraunhofer, Porod and the shape from moments problem
SO JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SMALL-ANGLE SCATTERING; BOUNDARY PRINCIPLE; FIELD-THEORIES;
RECONSTRUCTION; INTENSITIES; PLANE
AB We show how the Fourier transform of a shape in any number of dimensions can be simplified using Gauss's law and evaluated explicitly for polygons in two dimensions, polyhedra in three dimensions, etc. We also show how this combination of Fourier and Gauss can be related to numerous classical problems in physics and mathematics. Examples include Fraunhofer diffraction patterns, Porod's law, the shape from moments problem, and Davis's extension of the Motzkin-Schoenberg formula to polygons in the complex plane. [doi:10.1063/1.3676310]
C1 NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Gallatin, GM (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM gregg.gallatin@nist.gov
RI Gallatin, Gregg/H-1998-2012
NR 36
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0022-2488
J9 J MATH PHYS
JI J. Math. Phys.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 53
IS 1
AR 013509
DI 10.1063/1.3676310
PG 13
WC Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 885QP
UT WOS:000299794500035
ER
PT J
AU Buijsman, MC
Uchiyama, Y
McWilliams, JC
Hill-Lindsay, CR
AF Buijsman, M. C.
Uchiyama, Y.
McWilliams, J. C.
Hill-Lindsay, C. R.
TI Modeling Semidiurnal Internal Tide Variability in the Southern
California Bight
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID SANTA-MONICA BASIN; OCEANIC MODEL; WAVES; RIDGE; TOPOGRAPHY; ENERGETICS;
CURRENTS; SHELF; WATER; PARAMETERIZATION
AB The Regional Oceanic Modeling System (ROMS) is applied in a nested configuration with realistic forcing to the Southern California Bight (SCB) to analyze the variability in semidiurnal internal wave generation and propagation. The SCB has a complex topography with supercritical slopes that generate linear internal waves at the forcing frequency. The model predicts the observed barotropic and baroclinic tides reasonably well, although the observed baroclinic tides feature slightly larger amplitudes. The strongest semidiurnal barotropic to baroclinic energy conversion occurs on a steep sill slope of the 1900-m-deep Santa Cruz Basin. This causes a forced, near-resonant, semidiurnal Poincare wave that rotates clockwise in the basin and is of the first mode along the radial, azimuthal, and vertical directions. The associated tidal-mean, depth-integrated energy fluxes and isotherm oscillation amplitudes in the basin reach maximum values of about 5 kW m(-1) and 100 m and are strongly modulated by the spring-neap cycle. Most energy is locally dissipated, and only 10% escapes the basin. The baroclinic energy in the remaining basins is orders of magnitudes smaller. High-resolution coastal models are important in locating overlooked mixing hotspots such as the Santa Cruz Basin. These mixing hotspots may be important for ocean mixing and the overturning circulation.
C1 [Buijsman, M. C.; Uchiyama, Y.; McWilliams, J. C.; Hill-Lindsay, C. R.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA.
RP Buijsman, MC (reprint author), Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, 201 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM buijsman@princeton.edu
RI Uchiyama, Yusuke/M-4395-2016; Totsukawa, Nobuhisa/D-2028-2017
NR 47
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-3670
J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR
JI J. Phys. Oceanogr.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 42
IS 1
BP 62
EP 77
DI 10.1175/2011JPO4597.1
PG 16
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 882SK
UT WOS:000299584000004
ER
PT J
AU Insley, SJ
Holt, MM
AF Insley, Stephen J.
Holt, Marla M.
TI Do male northern elephant seals recognize individuals or merely relative
dominance rank?
SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
AB Vocal recognition was tested in a socially dynamic context where many individuals interact: the female defense polygyny practiced by male northern elephant seals. The goal was to tease apart whether animals recognize other individuals or instead use a simple rule-based category (i.e., relative dominance rank). A total of 67 playback experiments conducted with 18 males at Ano Nuevo State Reserve, California, tested three aspects of recognition: (1) recognition of relative rank; (2) whether such recognition was continuous or categorical; and (3) recognition of familiarity. Results indicate that males recognize familiar individuals although responses are primarily based on relative dominance rank. (C) 2012 Acoustical Society of America
C1 [Insley, Stephen J.] Univ Victoria, Dept Biol, Stn CSC, Victoria, BC V8W 3N5, Canada.
[Insley, Stephen J.; Holt, Marla M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Holt, Marla M.] NOAA, Marine Mammal & Seabird Ecol Team, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Insley, SJ (reprint author), Univ Victoria, Dept Biol, Stn CSC, POB 3020, Victoria, BC V8W 3N5, Canada.
EM sinsley@uvic.ca; marla.holt@noaa.gov
FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-04-1-0284]
FX Thank you to Elizabeth Atwood, Michelle Hanenburg, Sandrine Hazen, David
Kastak, and Brandon Southall for their assistance in the field and lab,
and to Daniel Costa, Daniel Crocker, Dave Casper, Patricia Morris,
Colleen Reichmuth, Sue Reynoldson, and Gary Strachan and the other park
rangers at the Ano Nuevo State Reserve for logistical support. Funding
was provided by the Office of Naval Research (Grant No. N00014-04-1-0284
to SJI). Data were collected under a cooperative research use agreement
between Ano Nuevo State Reserve and the University of California, Santa
Cruz. This investigation was conducted under U.S. Marine Mammal Permit
No. 87-1743-00 of the U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service Office of
Protected Resources. All protocols of this investigation were approved
by the University of California, Santa Cruz Institutional Animal Care
and Use Committee (the Chancellor's Animal Research Committee, CARC
protocol code Insl04.02).
NR 12
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 10
PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0001-4966
J9 J ACOUST SOC AM
JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 131
IS 1
BP EL35
EP EL41
DI 10.1121/1.3665259
PN 1
PG 7
WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
GA 876TN
UT WOS:000299130700006
PM 22280727
ER
PT J
AU Craig, JK
AF Craig, J. Kevin
TI Aggregation on the edge: effects of hypoxia avoidance on the spatial
distribution of brown shrimp and demersal fishes in the Northern Gulf of
Mexico
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Eutrophication; Spatial statistics; Avoidance behavior; Bycatch;
Catchability; Fishery interactions; Dead zone; Farfantepenaeus aztecus;
Mississippi River plume
ID SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; WEAKFISH CYNOSCION-REGALIS;
ESTUARY-DEPENDENT FISHES; COD GADUS-MORHUA; DISSOLVED-OXYGEN;
BEHAVIORAL-RESPONSES; HABITAT COMPRESSION; QUANTILE REGRESSION; NUTRIENT
ENRICHMENT; TROPHIC DYNAMICS
AB The northwestern Gulf of Mexico shelf experiences the largest seasonal hypoxic (dissolved oxygen, DO <= 2.0 mg l(-1)) zone in the western hemisphere. This study uses bottom trawl and hydrographic surveys over 3 yr to quantify low DO avoidance thresholds, patterns of aggregation in nearby oxygenated refuge habitats, and spatial overlap of brown shrimp Farfantepenaeus aztecus and several finfishes on the nearshore Louisiana shelf. On average, DO avoidance thresholds were low (1 to 3 mg l(-1)) and near incipient lethal levels for similar species, suggesting organisms avoid the lowest, lethal DO levels on the shelf. Avoidance thresholds varied both within and among years, indicating that behavioral responses to low DO are context-dependent and vary in relation to the severity of hypoxia and possibly other factors. Despite the absence of physical barriers to movement, evading organisms aggregated at short distances (1 to 3 km) just beyond the margins of the hypoxic zone, indicating that sublethal and indirect effects of hypoxia are probably most intense within a relatively narrow region along the hypoxic edge. DO avoidance thresholds and patterns of aggregation were similar between brown shrimp, the primary target of the commercial shrimp trawl fishery, and several juvenile and small adult finfishes that comprise most of the bycatch. In addition, spatial overlap between brown shrimp and finfishes was highest in the years when hypoxia was most severe, and this effect was stronger for benthic fishes than for pelagic fishes. These results suggest the potential for enhanced harvest and bycatch interactions along the margins of the hypoxic zone as an indirect effect of hypoxia-induced shifts in spatial patterns. Such spatially mediated indirect effects are an important means by which hypoxia influences mobile species in the Gulf.
C1 [Craig, J. Kevin] Florida State Univ, Coastal & Marine Lab, St Teresa, FL 32358 USA.
RP Craig, JK (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, 101 Pivers Isl Rd, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
EM kevin.craig@noaa.gov
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric administration (NOAA) Center for
Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research [NA05NOS4781197, NA03NOS4780040]
FX I thank the crew of the RV 'Tommy Munro', the RV 'Longhorn' and numerous
technicians and volunteers for help in conducting the research cruises,
in particular P. Gillikin, S. Keller, M. Sheba, and Z. Tait. T. Henwood,
B. Pellegrin, and S. Nichols of the National Marine Fisheries Service
Pascagoula Laboratory provided valuable advice and use of trawl gear. I
thank L. Crowder and the Duke University Marine Lab for support
throughout this project and 3 anonymous reviewers for helpful comments
on the manuscript. Financial support for this project was provided by
the National Oceanic and Atmospheric administration (NOAA) Center for
Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research under award # NA05NOS4781197 and #
NA03NOS4780040. This is NGOMEX publication number 163. The views
expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect
the view of NOAA or any of its sub-agencies.
NR 95
TC 42
Z9 42
U1 8
U2 97
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
EI 1616-1599
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2012
VL 445
BP 75
EP 95
DI 10.3354/meps09437
PG 21
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 880DE
UT WOS:000299384100007
ER
PT J
AU Call, KA
Ream, RR
AF Call, Katherine A.
Ream, Rolf R.
TI Prey selection of subadult male northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus)
and evidence of dietary niche overlap with adult females during the
breeding season
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE northern fur seal; Callorhinus ursinus; niche overlap; Bering Sea;
pinnipeds; foraging behavior
ID POLLOCK THERAGRA-CHALCOGRAMMA; LIONS EUMETOPIAS-JUBATUS; EASTERN BERING
SEA; PRIBILOF ISLANDS; FORAGING HABITATS; MARINE MAMMALS; NEW-ZEALAND;
SEXUAL-DIMORPHISM; SITE FIDELITY; BODY-SIZE
AB During the breeding season northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus) congregate on the Pribilof Islands in large numbers creating the potential for intraspecific competition. Due to the declining trend in the Pribilof Islands population of fur seals, it is important to understand how prey resources are partitioned among the population. Fur seals exhibit a high degree of sexual dimorphism resulting in energetic differences among age and sex classes. Therefore, we hypothesized that subadult male and adult female fur seals would differ in the type and size of prey consumed. We examined the diets of subadult male (age 28; mean mass 28176 kg) and adult female (age = 3 yr; mean mass 1350 kg) seals on St. Paul Island from 1992 to 2000. Prey remains found in fecal samples were compared using niche overlap indices. There was nearly complete dietary niche overlap between subadult male and adult female fur seals. Walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma), Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.), Pacific herring (Clupeia pallasi), and cephalopods were common prey items found in the diets of both groups. We found differences in the size of pollock consumed and that geographic location of sample collection may be important in determining diet differences. Our results indicate high levels of dietary overlap among subadult male and adult female fur seals.
C1 [Call, Katherine A.; Ream, Rolf R.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Call, KA (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM kate.call@noaa.gov
NR 69
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 28
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0824-0469
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 28
IS 1
BP 1
EP 15
DI 10.1111/j.1748-7692.2011.00463.x
PG 15
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 869HH
UT WOS:000298588300006
ER
PT J
AU Pitman, RL
Durban, JW
AF Pitman, Robert L.
Durban, John W.
TI Cooperative hunting behavior, prey selectivity and prey handling by pack
ice killer whales (Orcinus orca), type B, in Antarctic Peninsula waters
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Antarctica; hunting behavior; killer whale; Leptonychotes weddellii;
Orcinus orca; prey handling; prey specialization; Weddell seal
ID SEQUENTIAL MEGAFAUNAL COLLAPSE; NORTH PACIFIC-OCEAN; BRITISH-COLUMBIA;
BALEEN WHALES; FORAGING BEHAVIOR; MARINE MAMMALS; WEDDELL SEALS; ROSS
SEA; POPULATIONS; PREDATION
AB Currently, there are three recognized ecotypes (or species) of killer whales (Orcinus orca) in Antarctic waters, including type B, a putative prey specialist on seals, which we refer to as pack ice killer whale (PI killer whale). During January 2009, we spent a total of 75.4 h observing three different groups of PI killer whales hunting off the western Antarctic Peninsula. Observed prey taken included 16 seals and 1 Antarctic minke whale (Balaenoptera bonaerensis). Weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) were taken almost exclusively (14/15 identified seal kills), despite the fact that they represented only 15% of 365 seals identified on ice floes; the whales entirely avoided taking crabeater seals (Lobodon carcinophaga; 82% relative abundance) and leopard seals (Hydrurga leptonyx; 3%). Of the seals killed, the whales took 12/14 (86%) off ice floes using a cooperative wave-washing behavior; they produced 120 waves during 22 separate attacks and successfully took 12/16 (75%) of the Weddell seals attacked. The mean number of waves produced per successful attack was 4.1 (range 110) and the mean attack duration was 30.4 min (range 1562). Seal remains that we examined from one of the kills provided evidence of meticulous postmortem prey processing perhaps best termed butchering.
C1 [Pitman, Robert L.; Durban, John W.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Protected Resources Div, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Pitman, RL (reprint author), Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Protected Resources Div, 8604 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM robert.pitman@noaa.gov
FU National Geographic Society
FX J. Poncet and D. Poncet helped with shipboard operations and BBC
personnel on the Frozen Planet film crew-D. Alan, D. Anderson, and K.
Jeffs-allowed us to work on the boat with them during their filming; all
were generous with their time and enthusiasm for our project. Satellite
tags were purchased from a grant by the National Geographic Society. We
thank C. Pierpoint and J. Frizell of Greenpeace International for
sharing their descriptions and video, respectively, of the McMurdo
wave-wash event. O. Carlsson, J. Drennan, A. Friedlaender, J. Poncet,
and T. Pusser provided details about their killer whale observations
from the Peninsula area; Y. Ivashchenko translated Soviet papers for us,
and H. Fearnbach provided field assistance. We had informative
discussions about seal biology and identification with D. Siniff, B.
Stewart, I. Stirling, and T. Smith and our paper was improved by the
comments of R. Baird, L. Ballance, W. F. Perrin, D. Siniff, and two
anonymous reviewers. K. Robertson at the Marine Mammal Genetics
Laboratory at Southwest Fisheries Science Center, La Jolla, genetically
confirmed the identification of two of our seal tissue samples. All
research was conducted under ACA Permit No. 2009-013M#1, and MMPA No.
774-1714-08 issued to NOAA Fisheries, Southwest Fisheries Science
Center.
NR 53
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 21
U2 230
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0824-0469
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 28
IS 1
BP 16
EP 36
DI 10.1111/j.1748-7692.2010.00453.x
PG 21
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 869HH
UT WOS:000298588300007
ER
PT J
AU Viricel, A
Rosel, PE
AF Viricel, A.
Rosel, P. E.
TI Evaluating the utility of cox1 for cetacean species identification
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE DNA barcoding; species identification; mitochondrial DNA; forensics;
whales; dolphins; conservation genetics
ID MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; CYTOCHROME-B; MOLECULAR-IDENTIFICATION; GENETIC
DIFFERENTIATION; NUCLEAR MARKERS; EVOLUTION; WHALE; BARCODES; DOLPHIN;
SEQUENCES
AB The mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (cox1) gene has been promoted as a universal reference gene, or barcode, to identify organisms to the species level. We evaluated whether cox1 would be appropriate to diagnose cetacean species. The 5' end of cox1 (686 base pairs, bp) was sequenced for 46 of 86 recognized species of cetaceans. In addition, we included 105 sequences from GenBank, increasing our taxonomic coverage to 61 species. Particular focus was placed on sampling two subfamilies that contain closely related taxa: the Delphininae and the Globicephalinae. Species-specific sequences were observed for all but three taxa (Delphinus delphis, D. capensis, and Stenella coeruleoalba). Although correct assignment was seen for most species, significant overlap between intra- and interspecific variation makes cox1 an imperfect barcode for cetaceans. The efficacy of cox1 was compared to the 5' end of the cytochrome b (cytb) gene, a mitochondrial region routinely used for cetacean species identification. Although cytb performed better than cox1 for some species, this marker could not differentiate other closely related taxa (Eubalaena spp.). Species identification for taxa not reliably identified using cox1 or cytb might be best addressed through use of multiple mitochondrial DNA fragments or other newly developed markers.
C1 [Viricel, A.; Rosel, P. E.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
[Viricel, A.] Univ Louisiana Lafayette, Dept Biol, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA.
RP Viricel, A (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 646 Cajundome Blvd,Suite 234, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
EM patricia.rosel@noaa.gov
FU NOAA Fisheries Southeast Fisheries Science Cente; Graduate Student
Organization of the University of Louisiana at Lafayette (ULL)
FX This project was funded by the NOAA Fisheries Southeast Fisheries
Science Center, a grant from the Graduate Student Organization of the
University of Louisiana at Lafayette (ULL), and a ULL Fellowship to
Amelia Viricel. We would like to acknowledge Sarah Kingston, Stephanic
Blochowiak, and Kristine Hiltunen for generating some of the cytb
sequences and Eric Pante, Michael Schwartz, and several anonymous
reviewers for constructive comments on the manuscript. We thank the many
people and institutions who provided samples, including K. Williams
(AFSC), B. Sima (Aquarium of the Americas), J. Reyes (CEPEC, Peru), V.
Ridoux (CRMM, France), A. Read (Duke University), A. Costidis (FFWCC),
M. C. Pinedo (Fundacao Universidade do Rio Grande), L. Youngner (Georgia
DNR), V. da Silva and T. Martin (INPA, Brazil), J. Heyning (LA County
Museum), J. Brush (Maryland DNR), N. Barros (Mote Marine Lab), R. Bailey
(MMSC), F. Wenzel (NEFSC-Woods Hole), W. McFee (NOS-Charleston), G. Anli
(NNU, China), S. Ridgway (NOSC), K. Durham (Riverhead Foundation), A.
Hohn, R. Baird and P. Martone (SEFSC-Beaufort), S. Gomez, R. Ewing, B.
Mase and J. Litz (SEFSC-Miami), W. Jones and S. Bowen (SEFSC-Panama
City), K. Mullin and W. Hoggard (SEFSC-Pascagoula), C. Potter
(Smithsonian Institution), T. Jefferson (SWFSC), E. Rogan (UCC,
Ireland), W. McLellan (UNCW), and S. Barco (Virginia Marine Science
Museum). Skin biopsy samples were collected under U. S. MMPA permit
numbers 779-1339-00, 779-1633-00 and 775-1600-10.
NR 96
TC 12
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 20
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0824-0469
EI 1748-7692
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 28
IS 1
BP 37
EP 62
DI 10.1111/j.1748-7692.2010.00460.x
PG 26
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 869HH
UT WOS:000298588300008
ER
PT J
AU Jefferson, TA
Hung, SK
Robertson, KM
Archer, FI
AF Jefferson, Thomas A.
Hung, Samuel K.
Robertson, Kelly M.
Archer, Frederick I.
TI Life history of the Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin in the Pearl River
Estuary, southern China
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE age; growth; reproduction; sexual maturity; age; sex classes; calving
seasonality; Hong Kong; Pearl River Estuary; Southeast Asia
ID SOUSA-CHINENSIS; SPOTTED PORPOISE; HONG-KONG; GROWTH; WATERS;
REPRODUCTION; MAMMALS
AB We studied life history characteristics of the Hong Kong/Pearl River Estuary population of Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins (Sousa chinensis), based on data from 120 specimens stranded between 1995 and 2009, 40 individuals biopsied at sea, and a long-term (14+ yr) photo-identification study. Ages were determined for 112 specimens by thin-sectioning teeth and counting growth layer groups. Estimated length at birth was 101 cm. Longevity was at least 38 yr, and there was little difference in growth patterns of males and females. Growth was described by a Bayesian two-phase Gompertz model; asymptotic length was reached at 249 cm. The tooth pulp cavity filled at an average of 18.5 yr of age. Physical maturity was reached at between 14 and 17 yr of age, apparently a few years after attainment of sexual maturity. Maximum lengths and weights of about 268 cm and 240 kg were attained. Females appear to lose all their spots by 30 yr, although males may retain some spotting throughout life. Calving occurred throughout the year, with a broad peak from March to June. Of 60 females monitored at sea for >14 yr of the study, none were documented to have more than three calves, suggestive of low reproductive output or low calf survival.
C1 [Jefferson, Thomas A.] Clymene Enterprises, San Diego, CA 92124 USA.
[Hung, Samuel K.] Hong Kong Cetacean Res Project, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
[Robertson, Kelly M.; Archer, Frederick I.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Protected Resources Div, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Jefferson, TA (reprint author), Clymene Enterprises, 5495 Camino Playa Malaga, San Diego, CA 92124 USA.
EM sclymene@aol.com
FU Agriculture, Fisheries, and Conservation Department (AFCD); Ocean Park
Conservation Foundation-Hong Kong; Hong Kong Dolphin Conservation
Society
FX We would like to thank all those who were involved in the necropsies and
in collection and analysis of samples from the specimens. In particular,
E. C. M. Parsons, I. Beasley, C. Choi, M. Torey, L. Law, A. Lee, D.
Wong, L. Yeung, S. Ng, R. Kinoshita, S. C. Yang, and J. Y. Wang were
heavily involved at various stages. Staff of Ocean Park Corporation and
Ocean Park Conservation Foundation have collected stranding data and
tooth samples since 2006. The marine mammal stranding program in Hong
Kong is coordinated and funded by the Agriculture, Fisheries, and
Conservation Department (AFCD), and AFCD is also the major funder for
the biopsy, photo-ID, and age-determination work. We thank especially D.
Choi, J. Sham, S. P. Lau, F. Y. Wong, W. W. Cheng, I. Chan, and J. Lun
for their help with this. Portions of the age determination work were
funded by the Ocean Park Conservation Foundation-Hong Kong, and part of
the biopsy work was funded by the Hong Kong Dolphin Conservation
Society. Samples were imported to the United States under CITES permits,
and biopsy samples were collected under appropriate permits from the
AFCD and the Hong Kong Police Force. J. Lipsky and K. Danil provided
assistance in age determination, C. LeDuc and V. Pease assisted with sex
determination, and J. Larese provided access to curve-fitting software
and valuable assistance in preliminary analysis of growth data.
Reproductive hormone concentrations were analyzed by N. Kellar. Finally,
we would like to thank S. J. Chivers for her kind permission to use the
age determination lab at SWFSC for this work, and to R. L. Brownell Jr.,
S. J. Chivers, K. Danil, W. F. Perrin, J. Y. Wang, and two anonymous
referees for their thorough reviews of earlier drafts of this paper.
NR 45
TC 35
Z9 37
U1 2
U2 25
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0824-0469
EI 1748-7692
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 28
IS 1
BP 84
EP 104
DI 10.1111/j.1748-7692.2010.00462.x
PG 21
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 869HH
UT WOS:000298588300010
ER
PT J
AU Noren, DP
Mocklin, JA
AF Noren, Dawn P.
Mocklin, Julie A.
TI Review of cetacean biopsy techniques: Factors contributing to successful
sample collection and physiological and behavioral impacts
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Review
DE behavioral response; biopsy; blubber; cetacean; skin; wound healing
ID BOTTLE-NOSED DOLPHINS; EASTERN NORTH PACIFIC; SOUTHERN RIGHT WHALES;
PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA VARIATION; FUNCTION
OXIDASE ACTIVITY; TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; HUMPBACK WHALES; KILLER WHALES;
ORCINUS-ORCA
AB Biopsy techniques have been developed to collect skin and blubber samples through non-lethal methods. One sample can provide data on genetics, prey preferences, foraging ecology, contaminant loads, and physiological processes. The limited data available suggest that biopsy wounds heal quickly and that there are usually no discernable adverse health effects. Published accounts on factors contributing to the success of collecting biopsy samples and the behavioral impacts to cetaceans following biopsy sampling were standardized to permit statistical analysis. Several factors contribute to the success of acquiring samples; however, sampling rates do not differ significantly between delivery devices. Behavioral responses to biopsy sampling vary by species and other factors. The most predominant response for odontocetes is low, while low and moderate responses are equally prevalent for mysticetes. The use of retrieval lines may increase the occurrence of moderate and strong responses by mysticetes. These findings suggest that biopsy sampling is relatively benign, causing only minor and short-lived responses. However, most researchers do not report sufficient data to assess short- and long-term physiological and behavioral impacts. Finally, limited data suggest that biopsy sampling does not impact cetacean habitat use or distribution patterns. Yet these impacts are rarely investigated, so additional data are needed.
C1 [Noren, Dawn P.; Mocklin, Julie A.] NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Noren, DP (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM dawn.noren@noaa.gov
NR 155
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 29
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0824-0469
EI 1748-7692
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 28
IS 1
BP 154
EP 199
DI 10.1111/j.1748-7692.2011.00469.x
PG 46
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 869HH
UT WOS:000298588300013
ER
PT J
AU Ridgway, S
Wursig, B
Yablokov, AV
Perrin, WF
Davis, R
AF Ridgway, Sam
Wuersig, Bernd
Yablokov, Alexey V.
Perrin, William F.
Davis, Randall
TI William Eugene Evans 11 October 1930-12 October 2010
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Biographical-Item
C1 [Ridgway, Sam] Natl Marine Mammal Fdn, San Diego, CA USA.
[Wuersig, Bernd] Texas A&M Univ, Galveston, TX 77553 USA.
[Perrin, William F.] NOAA, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Davis, Randall] Texas A&M Univ, Galveston, TX 77551 USA.
RP Ridgway, S (reprint author), Natl Marine Mammal Fdn, 2240 Shelter Isl Dr,Ste 200, San Diego, CA USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0824-0469
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 28
IS 1
BP 232
EP 235
DI 10.1111/j.1748-7692.2011.00556.x
PG 4
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 869HH
UT WOS:000298588300019
ER
PT J
AU Olin, JA
Fair, PA
Recks, MA
Zolman, E
Adams, J
Fisk, AT
AF Olin, Jill A.
Fair, Patricia A.
Recks, Melissa A.
Zolman, Eric
Adams, Jeff
Fisk, Aaron T.
TI Unique seasonal forage bases within a local population of bottlenose
dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE stable isotopes; foraging ecology; estuaries; coastal; marine mammals;
seasonal variation
ID STABLE-ISOTOPES; FOOD-WEB; FISH ASSEMBLAGES; RIVER ESTUARY; HARBOR
SEALS; HABITAT USE; DELTA-N-15; CALIFORNIA; DELTA-C-13; SULFUR
AB Using photo-identification data, bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) populations can be differentiated based on their use of particular estuaries or coastal habitats. Questions remain, however, about the validity of such fine-scale population partitioning and whether the resulting assemblages utilize unique forage bases. To address the issue of forage base use, stable isotopes of carbon (d13C), nitrogen (d15N) and sulfur (d34S) were analyzed from skin tissues (n= 74) of bottlenose dolphins sampled seasonally along the coast and in three estuaries near Charleston, South Carolina. Autumn values of d34S, d15N, and d13C and summer values of d34S indicated that dolphins sampled from these four assemblages utilized unique forage bases, despite limited sample sizes. Likewise, autumn and spring differences in d15N and d13C values were evident in the North Edisto River, and in d34S from dolphins sampled from all three estuarine assemblages; no seasonal differences were identified in the coastal assemblage. Results demonstrate the importance of considering spatial and temporal variation in forage base when developing local management plans for bottlenose dolphin and highlight the discriminatory power of d34S for estuarine and coastal marine mammals. These results also suggest that stable isotopes could be developed as a complementary tool for photo-identification based partitioning of bottlenose dolphin populations.
C1 [Olin, Jill A.; Fisk, Aaron T.] Univ Windsor, Great Lakes Inst Environm Res, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada.
[Fair, Patricia A.; Recks, Melissa A.; Zolman, Eric; Adams, Jeff] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Ocean Serv, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
RP Fisk, AT (reprint author), Univ Windsor, Great Lakes Inst Environm Res, 401 Sunset Ave, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada.
EM afisk@uwindsor.ca
FU NOAA/NCCOS/CCEHBR; NSERC
FX We thank Tom Maddox, Richard Doucette, and Todd Speakman for sample
analysis, biopsy collection and photo-identification, and M. Aaron
MacNeil, Scott Rush and Nigel Hussey for comments on earlier versions of
this manuscript. We thank Dr. Patricia Rosel, NMFS Lafayette Laboratory,
Louisiana, for the genetic analysis sex determination of the skin biopsy
samples. We give special thanks to the anonymous reviewers for their
constructive comments on earlier versions of this manuscript.
Photo-identification was conducted under NMFS Permit No. 738 and General
Authorization No. 779-1334 and remote biopsy was conducted under Permit
No. 779-1633. This study was supported through funding from
NOAA/NCCOS/CCEHBR to P. A. Fair and NSERC to A. T. Fisk.
NR 51
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U1 2
U2 24
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0824-0469
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 28
IS 1
BP E28
EP E40
DI 10.1111/j.1748-7692.2011.00470.x
PG 13
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 869HH
UT WOS:000298588300003
ER
PT J
AU Wilson, K
Fritz, L
Kunisch, E
Chumbley, K
Johnson, D
AF Wilson, Kenady
Fritz, Lowell
Kunisch, Erin
Chumbley, Kathryn
Johnson, Devin
TI Effects of research disturbance on the behavior and abundance of Steller
sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) at two rookeries in Alaska
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Steller sea lion; Eumetopias jubatus; research; disturbance; branding;
behavior; abundance; rookery
ID SHORT-TERM; VARIABILITY; POPULATION; CALIFORNIA; RESPONSES; PACIFIC;
HAUL
AB We examined the effects of research disturbance on the behavior and abundance of Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) at rookeries on Marmot and Ugamak Islands in Alaska. During 3 of 6 yr, researchers intentionally drove all adult and juvenile sea lions off at least part of the beach in order to permanently mark and measure sea lion pups. The research disturbance occurred after the majority of females had bred and when most pups were 1 mo old. We used generalized linear models to determine the relationship between research disturbance and sea lion behavior or abundance. Research disturbance was related to changes in the proportion of sea lions exhibiting two to three of nine behavior metrics: agonistic and resting females and active males at Marmot, and active and resting males and females at Ugamak. Model results indicated that changes lasted between 3 and 20 d depending on the sex, behavior, and rookery. Inclusion of research disturbance into Marmot abundance models did not improve the fit to the data, if variability between years was permitted. Optimally timed, low-frequency research disturbance did not appear to have long-term effects on sea lion behavior or abundance and was largely associated with changes that were similar to natural variation.
C1 [Wilson, Kenady; Fritz, Lowell; Kunisch, Erin; Chumbley, Kathryn; Johnson, Devin] NOAA Fisheries, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Wilson, K (reprint author), Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, POB 90328, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
EM kcr13@duke.edu
FU NOAA
FX We thank all of the patient and hardy scientists who worked as observers
on Marmot and Ugamak Islands during the summers of 2000 through 2009, as
well as Tom Walters, Maritime Helicopters, Kodiak, Alaska, who flew them
all safely back and forth. We also thank Brian Fadely, Kim Shelden, Grey
Pendleton, Tom Gelatt, Gary Duker, James Lee, John Bengtson, two
anonymous reviewers, and the editorial staff of Marine Mammal Science
whose constructive comments greatly improved the manuscript; and Kathryn
Sweeney who assisted with the literature review. This research was
sponsored by NOAA's Steller Sea Lion Research program and was conducted
under Steller sea lion research permit 782-1532 and 782-1768 authorized
by NMFS under conditions specified by the Marine Mammal Protection Act
and Endangered Species Act.
NR 36
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U1 1
U2 8
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0824-0469
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 28
IS 1
BP E58
EP E74
DI 10.1111/j.1748-7692.2011.00485.x
PG 17
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 869HH
UT WOS:000298588300005
ER
PT J
AU Sullivan, K
AF Sullivan, Kathryn
TI Building Partnerships to Improve Ocean Observing
SO SEA TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
C1 NOAA, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Sullivan, K (reprint author), NOAA, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU COMPASS PUBLICATIONS, INC
PI ARLINGTON
PA 1501 WILSON BLVD., STE 1001, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-2403 USA
SN 0093-3651
J9 SEA TECHNOL
JI Sea Technol.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 53
IS 1
BP 13
EP 14
PG 2
WC Engineering, Ocean
SC Engineering
GA 886JN
UT WOS:000299850800003
ER
PT J
AU Fu, TC
Aly, AM
Chowdhury, AG
Bitsuamlak, G
Yeo, DH
Simiu, E
AF Fu, Tuan-Chun
Aly, Aly Mousaad
Chowdhury, Arindam Gan
Bitsuamlak, Girma
Yeo, DongHun
Simiu, Emil
TI A proposed technique for determining aerodynamic pressures on
residential homes
SO WIND AND STRUCTURES
LA English
DT Article
DE aerodynamics; atmospheric surface layer; building technology; low-rise
structures; open jet facilities; residential buildings; wind
engineering; wind tunnels
ID SCALE TESTING FACILITY; WIND-TUNNEL; SURFACE PRESSURES; UWO
CONTRIBUTION; LOW BUILDINGS; SIMULATION; DATABASE; LOADS; CUBE
AB Wind loads on low-rise buildings in general and residential homes in particular can differ significantly depending upon the laboratory in which they were measured. The differences are due in large part to inadequate simulations of the low-frequency content of atmospheric velocity fluctuations in the laboratory and to the small scale of the models used for the measurements. The imperfect spatial coherence of the low frequency velocity fluctuations results in reductions of the overall wind effects with respect to the case of perfectly coherent flows. For large buildings those reductions are significant. However, for buildings with sufficiently small dimensions (e.g., residential homes) the reductions are relatively small. A technique is proposed for simulating the effect of low-frequency flow fluctuations on such buildings more effectively from the point of view of testing accuracy and repeatability than is currently the case. Experimental results are presented that validate the proposed technique. The technique eliminates a major cause of discrepancies among measurements conducted in different laboratories. In addition, the technique allows the use of considerably larger model scales than are possible in conventional testing. This makes it possible to model architectural details, and improves Reynolds number similarity. The technique is applicable to wind tunnels and large scale open jet facilities, and can help to standardize flow simulations for testing residential homes as well as significantly improving testing accuracy and repeatability. The work reported in this paper is a first step in developing the proposed technique. Additional tests are planned to further refine the technique and test the range of its applicability.
C1 [Fu, Tuan-Chun; Chowdhury, Arindam Gan; Bitsuamlak, Girma] Florida Int Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Miami, FL 33174 USA.
[Aly, Aly Mousaad] Florida Int Univ, Intl Hurricane Res Ctr, Miami, FL 33174 USA.
[Yeo, DongHun; Simiu, Emil] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Chowdhury, AG (reprint author), Florida Int Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Miami, FL 33174 USA.
EM chowdhur@fiu.edu
OI Aly, Aly Mousaad/0000-0002-1253-139X
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [CMMI-0928740]; Florida Sea Grant
College [R/C-D-19-FIU]; Center of Excellence in Hurricane Damage
Mitigation and Product Development
FX The Wall of Wind testing reported in this paper was supported by the
National Science Foundation (NSF Award No. CMMI-0928740), Florida Sea
Grant College Program (Project # R/C-D-19-FIU), and Center of Excellence
in Hurricane Damage Mitigation and Product Development. Findings and
opinions expressed in this paper are those of the authors alone, and do
not necessarily reflect the views of the sponsoring agency.
NR 32
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Z9 15
U1 0
U2 4
PU TECHNO-PRESS
PI DAEJEON
PA PO BOX 33, YUSEONG, DAEJEON 305-600, SOUTH KOREA
SN 1226-6116
J9 WIND STRUCT
JI Wind Struct.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 15
IS 1
BP 27
EP 41
PG 15
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil; Mechanics
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Mechanics
GA 885BT
UT WOS:000299754200003
ER
PT J
AU Giammanco, IM
Schroeder, JL
Powell, MD
AF Giammanco, Ian M.
Schroeder, John L.
Powell, Mark D.
TI Observed characteristics of tropical cyclone vertical wind profiles
SO WIND AND STRUCTURES
LA English
DT Article
DE tropical cyclones; GPS dropwindsonde; radar; wind; profiles; low-level
jets; velocity azimuth display
ID HURRICANE BOUNDARY-LAYER; GPS DROPWINDSONDE; DRAG COEFFICIENT; PART I;
CORE; SEA; EXCHANGE; BALANCE; SYSTEM
AB Over the last decade substantial improvements have been made in our ability to observe the tropical cyclone boundary layer. Low-level wind speed maxima have been frequently observed in Global Positioning System dropwindsonde (GPS sonde) profiles. Data from GPS sondes and coastal Doppler radars were employed to evaluate the characteristics of tropical cyclone vertical wind profiles in open ocean conditions and at landfall. Changes to the mean vertical wind profile were observed azimuthally and with decreasing radial distance toward the cyclone center. Wind profiles within the hurricane boundary layer exhibited a logarithmic increase with height up to the depth of the wind maximum.
C1 [Giammanco, Ian M.; Schroeder, John L.] Texas Tech Univ, Wind Sci & Engn Res Ctr, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Powell, Mark D.] NOAA AOML Hurricane Res Div, Miami, FL USA.
RP Giammanco, IM (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Wind Sci & Engn Res Ctr, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
EM ian.giammanco@ttu.edu
RI Powell, Mark/I-4963-2013
OI Powell, Mark/0000-0002-4890-8945
FU National Science Foundation [DGE-0221688]; Department of Energy
[DE-FG36-06G0B6092]; Wind Science and Engineering Research Center at
Texas Tech University; Department of Geosciences
FX Financial support for the various data collection and analysis efforts
has been provided by the National Science Foundation Grant DGE-0221688,
Department of Energy cooperative agreement DE-FG36-06G0B6092, the Wind
Science and Engineering Research Center at Texas Tech University, and
the Department of Geosciences. Thanks are extended to Russell St. Fleur,
Nick Carrasco, and Sonia Otero for assistance with the NOAA-HRD GPS
dropwindsonde database and H*Wind.
NR 30
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 9
PU TECHNO-PRESS
PI DAEJEON
PA PO BOX 33, YUSEONG, DAEJEON 305-600, SOUTH KOREA
SN 1226-6116
J9 WIND STRUCT
JI Wind Struct.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 15
IS 1
BP 65
EP 86
PG 22
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil; Mechanics
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Mechanics
GA 885BT
UT WOS:000299754200005
ER
PT J
AU Cucurull, L
AF Cucurull, Lidia
TI Sensitivity of NWP model skill to the obliquity of the GPS radio
occultation soundings
SO ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE GPS Radio Occultation; data assimilation; numerical weather prediction;
forecast skill
ID GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM; DATA ASSIMILATION SYSTEM; OBSERVATION
OPERATORS; IMPACT
AB The impact of accounting for the drift of the tangent point of the global positioning system radio occultation (GPS RO) profiles within a data assimilation system has been investigated. The GPS RO processing centers provide geographic coordinates for each retrieved value within a profile, as well as profile-representative coordinates. Instead of assimilating each retrieved value with its corresponding latitude and longitude, several numerical weather prediction (NWP) centers have alternatively been using the profile-representative horizontal coordinates. This study shows that this simplification of the geometry of the GPS RO data should be avoided when possible in order to get optimal results in terms of NWP forecast skill. Copyright (c) 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
C1 [Cucurull, Lidia] NOAA, NWS, FMC, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
RP Cucurull, L (reprint author), UCAR Community Programs, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
EM Lidia.Cucurull@noaa.gov
RI Cucurull, Lidia/E-8900-2015
NR 15
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U1 0
U2 1
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1530-261X
J9 ATMOS SCI LETT
JI Atmos. Sci. Lett.
PD JAN-MAR
PY 2012
VL 13
IS 1
BP 55
EP 60
DI 10.1002/asl.363
PG 6
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 877TV
UT WOS:000299206500009
ER
PT J
AU Clark, AJ
Weiss, SJ
Kain, JS
Jirak, IL
Coniglio, M
Melick, CJ
Siewert, C
Sobash, RA
Marsh, PT
Dean, AR
Xue, M
Kong, FY
Thomas, KW
Wang, YH
Brewster, K
Gao, JD
Wang, XG
Du, J
Novak, DR
Barthold, FE
Bodner, MJ
Levit, JJ
Entwistle, CB
Jensen, TL
Correia, J
AF Clark, Adam J.
Weiss, Steven J.
Kain, John S.
Jirak, Israel L.
Coniglio, Michael
Melick, Christopher J.
Siewert, Christopher
Sobash, Ryan A.
Marsh, Patrick T.
Dean, Andrew R.
Xue, Ming
Kong, Fanyou
Thomas, Kevin W.
Wang, Yunheng
Brewster, Keith
Gao, Jidong
Wang, Xuguang
Du, Jun
Novak, David R.
Barthold, Faye E.
Bodner, Michael J.
Levit, Jason J.
Entwistle, C. Bruce
Jensen, Tara L.
Correia, James, Jr.
TI AN OVERVIEW OF THE 2010 HAZARDOUS WEATHER TESTBED EXPERIMENTAL FORECAST
PROGRAM SPRING EXPERIMENT
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID CONVECTION-PARAMETERIZING ENSEMBLES; WRF MODEL; PRECIPITATION FORECASTS;
MICROPHYSICS SCHEME; EXPLICIT FORECASTS; CLIMATE MODELS; PART I;
PREDICTION; RESOLUTION; GUIDANCE
C1 [Clark, Adam J.; Kain, John S.; Coniglio, Michael; Melick, Christopher J.; Siewert, Christopher; Marsh, Patrick T.; Gao, Jidong; Correia, James, Jr.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
[Weiss, Steven J.; Jirak, Israel L.; Dean, Andrew R.] NOAA, Storm Predict Ctr, Norman, OK USA.
[Melick, Christopher J.; Siewert, Christopher; Correia, James, Jr.] Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK USA.
[Sobash, Ryan A.; Marsh, Patrick T.; Xue, Ming; Wang, Xuguang] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Xue, Ming; Kong, Fanyou; Thomas, Kevin W.; Wang, Yunheng; Brewster, Keith; Wang, Xuguang] Ctr Anal & Predict Storms, Norman, OK USA.
[Du, Jun] NOAA, Environm Modeling Ctr, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Novak, David R.; Barthold, Faye E.; Bodner, Michael J.] NOAA, Hydrometeorol Predict Ctr, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Barthold, Faye E.] IM Syst Grp Inc, Rockville, MD USA.
[Levit, Jason J.; Entwistle, C. Bruce] NOAA, Aviat Weather Ctr, Kansas City, MO USA.
[Jensen, Tara L.] Dev Testbed Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Clark, AJ (reprint author), NSSL FRDD, Natl Weather Ctr, 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM adam.clark@noaa.gov
RI Correia, Jr, James/A-9455-2010; Wang, Xuguang/C-5458-2013; Xue,
Ming/F-8073-2011
OI Correia, Jr, James/0000-0003-1092-8999; Xue, Ming/0000-0003-1976-3238
FU NSF [ATM-0802888]; National Research Council
FX In addition to NOAA CSTAR support, CAPS simulations received
supplementary support from NSF Grant ATM-0802888. All 2010 CAPS
forecasts were produced at the National Institute of Computational
Sciences (NICS) at the University of Tennessee, and Oklahoma
Supercomputing Center for Research and Education resources were used for
ensemble postprocessing. A National Research Council Post-doctoral Award
supported AJC.
NR 57
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Z9 85
U1 0
U2 14
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 93
IS 1
BP 55
EP 74
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-11-00040.1
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 883SN
UT WOS:000299655300007
ER
PT J
AU Waite, JN
Burkanov, VN
Andrews, RD
AF Waite, J. N.
Burkanov, V. N.
Andrews, R. D.
TI Prey competition between sympatric Steller sea lions (Eumetopias
jubatus) and northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus) on Lovushki
Island, Russia
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE ZOOLOGIE
LA English
DT Article
ID ESTIMATING DIET COMPOSITION; ARCTOCEPHALUS-GAZELLA; FECAL SAMPLES;
BERING-SEA; FEEDING-HABITS; HARBOR SEALS; SKELETAL STRUCTURES; AQUATIC
CARNIVORE; PRIBILOF ISLANDS; PHOCA-VITULINA
AB Approximately 1 000 Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus (Schreber, 1776); SSL) and 14 000 northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus (L., 1758); NFS) breed sympatrically on Lovushki Island in the Russian Far East, creating the potential for interspecific competition for prey. An additional 13 000 - 14 000 juvenile NFS are present during the breeding season. The diets of breeding SSL and both breeding and juvenile NFS were examined through analysis of scats and spews collected during the breeding seasons of 2003, 2005, and 2007-2008. There were significant overlaps in the prey species and size selection of SSL and juvenile NFS. There were significant differences between the diets of SSL and breeding NFS. SSL and juvenile NFS fed primarily on Atka mackerel (Pleurogrammus monopterygius (Pallas, 1810)), while breeding NFS fed on cephalopods, salmon (genus Oncorhynchus Suckley, 1861), Atka mackerel, and northern smoothtongue (Leuroglossus schmidti Rass, 1955). The partitioning of resources between breeding animals has allowed both species to coexist within the same region and likely reflected differences in foraging abilities and provisioning strategies of the adults and the fasting abilities of their pups. However, continued growth of the NFS population may lead to the exclusion of SSL owing to interspecific competition for prey.
C1 [Waite, J. N.; Andrews, R. D.] Univ Alaska, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Waite, J. N.; Andrews, R. D.] Alaska SeaLife Ctr, Seward, AK 99664 USA.
[Burkanov, V. N.] NOAA, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Burkanov, V. N.] Russian Acad Sci, Far E Branch, Pacific Inst Geog, Kamchatka Branch, Petropavlovsk Kamchatski 683000, Russia.
RP Waite, JN (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Div Fisheries, 17101 Point Lena Loop, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
EM jason.waite@alaska.edu
RI Waite, Jason/D-5334-2011
FU NOAA; National Marine Mammal Laboratory
FX We thank J. Albers, A. Altukhov, A. Bishop, J. Gilding, J. O'Quin, and
A. Tretiyakov for their assistance in the collection and processing of
samples. We thank B. Walker and J. Thomason for their assistance with
squid beak identification. We also thank M. Short and J. McIntyre for
their statistical advice, as well as M. Castellini, L. Rea, S. Trumble,
and S. Atkinson for their invaluable comments on the manuscript. All
work was conducted under permits from the Russian regional permitting
agency SakhalinVetSanNadzor and was approved by the Institutional Animal
Care and Use Committee of the Alaska Sea Life Center. Funding was
provided by grants from NOAA to the Alaska Sea Life Center and the
National Marine Mammal Laboratory.
NR 109
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 20
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0008-4301
J9 CAN J ZOOL
JI Can. J. Zool.-Rev. Can. Zool.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 90
IS 1
BP 110
EP 127
DI 10.1139/Z11-117
PG 18
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 880XL
UT WOS:000299443200013
ER
PT J
AU Ward, EJ
Levin, PS
Lance, MM
Jeffries, SJ
Acevedo-Gutierrez, A
AF Ward, Eric J.
Levin, Phillip S.
Lance, Monique M.
Jeffries, Steven J.
Acevedo-Gutierrez, Alejandro
TI Integrating diet and movement data to identify hot spots of predation
risk and areas of conservation concern for endangered species
SO CONSERVATION LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Harbor seals; marine planning; marine protected areas; movement models;
predation risk; reserve design; rockfish; salmon
ID ECOSYSTEM-BASED MANAGEMENT; ANIMAL MOVEMENT; HARBOR SEALS; STATE;
COMPETITION; ESTUARY; MODELS; TRENDS
AB Effective management of threatened and endangered species requires an understanding of how species of conservation concern are distributed spatially, as well as the spatial distribution of risks to the population, such as predation or human impacts (fishing, pollution, and loss of habitat). Identifying high-risk areas is particularly important when designing reserves or protected areas. Our novel approach incorporates data on distribution, movement, and diet of a generalist marine predator (harbor seals) to identify and map hot spots of predation risk for an endangered prey species (rockfish). Areas with high concentrations of seals (including some current marine reserves) are also estimated hot spots for rockfish predation. Although marine reserve planning currently targets areas with good habitat and low human disturbance, our modeling suggests that future terrestrial and marine reserve design may be made more effective by incorporating other components of the food web that either directly or indirectly interact with target species.
C1 [Lance, Monique M.; Jeffries, Steven J.] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Olympia, WA 98501 USA.
[Acevedo-Gutierrez, Alejandro] Western Washington Univ, Dept Biol, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA.
[Ward, Eric J.; Levin, Phillip S.] NOAA, Fisheries Serv, Conservat Biol Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Ward, EJ (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM eric.ward@noaa.gov
FU SeaDoc Society [K004431-25]; National Science Foundation [0550443]
FX Field support was provided by WDFW, WWU graduate and undergraduate
students, and NMFS technicians. Activities were conducted under MMPA
Research Permit 782-1702-00. Financial support was provided by The
SeaDoc Society Research Agreement No. K004431-25 and National Science
Foundation Award No. 0550443 to A.A.
NR 41
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U1 3
U2 36
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1755-263X
J9 CONSERV LETT
JI Conserv. Lett.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 5
IS 1
BP 37
EP 47
DI 10.1111/j.1755-263X.2011.00210.x
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA 881FV
UT WOS:000299468900005
ER
PT J
AU Marancik, KE
Richardson, DE
Lyczkowski-Shultz, J
Cowen, RK
Konieczna, M
AF Marancik, Katrin E.
Richardson, David E.
Lyczkowski-Shultz, Joanne
Cowen, Robert K.
Konieczna, Malgorzata
TI Spatial and temporal distribution of grouper larvae (Serranidae:
Epinephelinae: Epinephelini) in the Gulf of Mexico and Straits of
Florida
SO FISHERY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID GAG MYCTEROPERCA-MICROLEPIS; US-VIRGIN-ISLANDS; EASTERN GULF; NASSAU
GROUPER; SPAWNING AGGREGATIONS; PROTECTED AREAS; NORTH-CAROLINA;
LIFE-HISTORY; RED GROUPER; PROTOGYNOUS GROUPER
AB Little is known about the seasonality and distribution of grouper larvae (Serranidae: Epinephelini) in the Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic Ocean off the coast of the southeast United States. Grouper larvae were collected from a transect across the Straits of Florida in 2003 and 2004 and during the Southeast Area Monitoring and Assessment Program spring and fall surveys from 1982 through 2005. Analysis of these larval data provided information on location and timing of spawning, larval distribution patterns, and interannual occurrence for a group of species not easily studied as adults. Our analyses indicated that shelf-edge habitat is important for spawning of many species of grouper-some species for which data were not previously available. Spawning for some species may occur year-round, but two peak seasons are evident: late winter and late summer through early fall. Interannual variability in the use of three important subregions by species or groups of species was partially explained by environmental factors (surface temperature, surface salinity, and water depth). A shift in species dominance over the last three decades from spring-spawned species (most of the commercial species) to fall-spawned species also was documented. The results of these analyses expand our understanding of the basic distribution and spawning patterns of northwest Atlantic grouper species and indicate a need for further examination of the changing population structure of individual species and species dominance in the region.
C1 [Marancik, Katrin E.; Richardson, David E.] NOAA, Narragansett Lab, NE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
[Marancik, Katrin E.; Lyczkowski-Shultz, Joanne] NOAA, Mississippi Lab, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Pascagoula, MS 39567 USA.
[Marancik, Katrin E.] IAP World Serv Inc, Pascagoula, MS 39567 USA.
[Cowen, Robert K.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Konieczna, Malgorzata] Plankton Sorting & Identificat Ctr, Sea Fisheries Inst, PL-71550 Szczecin, Poland.
RP Marancik, KE (reprint author), NOAA, Narragansett Lab, NE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 28 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
EM Katey.marancik@noaa.gov
FU OAR Cooperative Institute Program Office; Northern Gulf Institute, a
NOAA Cooperative Institute; National Science Foundation [OCE-0136132];
Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission [Billfish-2005-017]
FX We would like to thank the following people for their significant
contributions to this research: L. Bulloc, J. Llopiz, C. Guigand, A.
Exum, J. VanWye, K. Shulzitski, K. Williams, The SEAMAP Plankton Team,
and the staff at the Sea Fisheries Institute, Plankton Sorting and
Identification Center. This research would not have been possible
without the resourcefulness and skilled assistance of the crews of the
NOAA research vessels Chapman, Oregon II and Gordon Gunter and the
dedication of biologists and volunteers who participated in SEAMAP
plankton surveys sampling. N. Bachelor and J. Hare provided statistical
expertise. This project was funded through the OAR Cooperative Institute
Program Office and is part of the research program of the Northern Gulf
Institute, a NOAA Cooperative Institute. Funding for the Florida Straits
sampling was provided by grants from the National Science Foundation
(OCE-0136132) and the Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission
(Billfish-2005-017).
NR 64
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 21
PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE
PI SEATTLE
PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA
SN 0090-0656
J9 FISH B-NOAA
JI Fish. Bull.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 110
IS 1
BP 1
EP 20
PG 20
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 880KO
UT WOS:000299406200001
ER
PT J
AU Rooper, CN
Martin, MH
AF Rooper, Christopher N.
Martin, Michael H.
TI Comparison of habitat-based indices of abundance with
fishery-independent biomass estimates from bottom trawl surveys
SO FISHERY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID PERCH SEBASTES-ALUTUS; BERING-SEA; ROCKFISH; PACIFIC; COASTAL; ALASKA;
OCEAN; NURSERY; AREAS; CATCH
AB Rockfish species are notoriously difficult to sample with multispecies bottom trawl survey methods. Typically, biomass estimates have high coefficients of variation and can fluctuate outside the bounds of biological reality from year to year. This variation may be due in part to their patchy distribution related to very specific habitat preferences. We successfully modeled the distribution of five commercially important and abundant rockfish species. A two-stage modeling method (modeling both presence-absence and abundance) and a collection of important habitat variables were used to predict bottom trawl survey catch per unit of effort. The resulting models explained between 22% and 66% of the variation in rockfish distribution. The models were largely driven by depth, local slope, bottom temperature, abundance of coral and sponge, and measures of water column productivity (i.e., phytoplankton and zooplankton). A year-effect in the models was back-transformed and used as an index of the time series of abundance. The abundance index trajectories of three of five species were similar to the existing estimates of their biomass. In the majority of cases the habitat-based indices exhibited less interannual variability and similar precision when compared with stratified survey-based biomass estimates. These indices may provide for stock assessment models a more stable alternative to current biomass estimates produced by the multispecies bottom trawl survey in the Gulf of Alaska.
C1 [Rooper, Christopher N.; Martin, Michael H.] NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Rooper, CN (reprint author), NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM Chris.Rooper@noaa.gov
NR 34
TC 2
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 9
PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE
PI SEATTLE
PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA
SN 0090-0656
J9 FISH B-NOAA
JI Fish. Bull.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 110
IS 1
BP 21
EP 35
PG 15
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 880KO
UT WOS:000299406200002
ER
PT J
AU Rodgveller, CJ
Lunsford, CR
Fujioka, JT
AF Rodgveller, Cara J.
Lunsford, Chris R.
Fujioka, Jeffrey T.
TI Effects of maternal age and size on embryonic energy reserves,
developmental timing, and fecundity in quillback rockfish (Sebastes
maliger)
SO FISHERY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID YELLOWTAIL ROCKFISH; LARVAL SURVIVAL; FISH; RECRUITMENT; POPULATIONS;
MANAGEMENT; MELANOPS; GROWTH
AB Maternal effects on the quality of progeny can have direct impacts on population productivity. Rockfish are viviparous and the oil globule size of larvae at parturition has been shown to have direct effects on time until starvation and growth rate. We sampled embryos and preparturition larvae opportunistically from 89 gravid quillback rockfish (Sebastes maliger) in Southeast Alaska. Because the developmental stage and sampling period were correlated with oil globule size, they were treated as covariates in an analysis of maternal age, length, and weight effects on oil globule size. Maternal factors were related to developmental timing for almost all sampling periods, indicating that older, longer, and heavier females develop embryos earlier than younger, shorter, or lighter ones. Oil globule diameter and maternal length and weight were statistically linked, but the relationships may not be biologically significant. Weight-specific fecundity did not increase with maternal size or age, suggesting that reproductive output does not increase more quickly as fish age and grow. Age or size truncation of a rockfish population, in which timing of parturition is related to age and size, could result in a shorter parturition season. This shortening of the parturition season could make the population vulnerable to fluctuating environmental conditions.
C1 [Rodgveller, Cara J.; Lunsford, Chris R.; Fujioka, Jeffrey T.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Alaska Biol Lab, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
RP Rodgveller, CJ (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Alaska Biol Lab, 17109 Point Lena Loop Rd, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
EM cara.rodgveller@noaa.gov
NR 28
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 16
PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE
PI SEATTLE
PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA
SN 0090-0656
J9 FISH B-NOAA
JI Fish. Bull.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 110
IS 1
BP 36
EP 45
PG 10
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 880KO
UT WOS:000299406200003
ER
PT J
AU Demer, DA
Zwolinski, JP
Byers, KA
Cutter, GR
Renfree, JS
Sessions, TS
Macewicz, BJ
AF Demer, David A.
Zwolinski, Juan P.
Byers, Kyle A.
Cutter, George R.
Renfree, Josiah S.
Sessions, Thomas S.
Macewicz, Beverly J.
TI Prediction and confirmation of seasonal migration of Pacific sardine
(Sardinops sagax) in the California Current Ecosystem
SO FISHERY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID GULF-OF-CALIFORNIA; TARGET-STRENGTH; SOUTHERN-CALIFORNIA; SPAWNING
HABITAT; NORTHERN ANCHOVY; ACOUSTIC SURVEYS; BAJA-CALIFORNIA; PELAGIC
FISH; SOUND-SCATTERING; ENGRAULIS-MORDAX
AB During the last century, the population of Pacific sardine (Sardinops sagax) in the California Current Ecosystem has exhibited large fluctuations in abundance and migration behavior. From approximately 1900 to 1940, the abundance of sardine reached 3.6 million metric tons and the "northern stock" migrated from offshore of California in the spring to the coastal areas near Oregon, Washington, and Vancouver Island in the summer. In the 1940s, the sardine stock collapsed and the few remaining sardine schools concentrated in the coastal region off southern California, year-round, for the next 50 years. The stock gradually recovered in the late 1980s and resumed its seasonal migration between regions off southern California and Canada. Recently, a model was developed which predicts the potential habitat for the northern stock of Pacific sardine and its seasonal dynamics. The habitat predictions were successfully validated using data from sardine surveys using the daily egg production method; scientific trawl surveys off the Columbia River mouth; and commercial sardine landings off Oregon, Washington, and Vancouver Island. Here, the predictions of the potential habitat and seasonal migration of the northern stock of sardine are validated using data from "acoustic-trawl" surveys of the entire west coast of the United States during the spring and summer of 2008. The estimates of sardine biomass and lengths from the two surveys are not significantly different between spring and summer, indicating that they are representative of the entire stock. The results also confirm that the model of potential sardine habitat can be used to optimally apply survey effort and thus minimize random and systematic sampling error in the biomass estimates. Furthermore, the acoustic-trawl survey data are useful to estimate concurrently the distributions and abundances of other pelagic fishes.
C1 [Demer, David A.; Zwolinski, Juan P.; Byers, Kyle A.; Cutter, George R.; Renfree, Josiah S.; Sessions, Thomas S.; Macewicz, Beverly J.] SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Resources Div, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Demer, DA (reprint author), SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Resources Div, 8604 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM david.demer@noaa.gov
FU Fisheries Resources Division at SWFSC; Portuguese Foundation for Science
and Technology (FCT-MCES) [SFRH/BPD/44834/ 2008]
FX We are very grateful to the numerous scientists and technicians from the
Southwest Fisheries Science Center (SWFSC) that contributed to the
collection and archive of data from these surveys. We thank Russ Vetter,
Director of the Fisheries Resources Division at SWFSC, and the
Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT-MCES) for funding
J. P. Zwolinski's postdoctoral internship (SFRH/BPD/44834/ 2008) with D.
A. Demer at the SWFSC. Finally, we thank three anonymous reviewers for
their constructive suggestions and comments.
NR 91
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 22
PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE
PI SEATTLE
PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA
SN 0090-0656
J9 FISH B-NOAA
JI Fish. Bull.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 110
IS 1
BP 52
EP 70
PG 19
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 880KO
UT WOS:000299406200005
ER
PT J
AU Weber, ED
McClatchie, S
AF Weber, Edward D.
McClatchie, Sam
TI Effect of environmental conditions on the distribution of Pacific
mackerel (Scomber japonicus) larvae in the California Current system
SO FISHERY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID ABUNDANCE; PRODUCTIVITY; MANAGEMENT; SOUTHERN
AB We modeled the probability of capturing Pacific mackerel (Scomber japonicus) larvae as a function of environmental variables for the Southern California Bight (SCB) most years from 1951 through 2008 and Mexican waters offshore of Baja California from 1951 through 1984. The model exhibited acceptable fit, as indicated by the area under a receiver-operating-characteristic curve of 0.80 but was inconsistent with the zero catches that occurred frequently in the 2000s. Two types of spawners overlapped spatially within the survey area: those that exhibited peak spawning during April in the SCB at about 15.5 degrees C and a smaller group that exhibited peak spawning in August near Punta Eugenia, Mexico, at 20 degrees C or greater. The SCB generally had greater zoo-plankton than Mexican waters but less appropriate (lower) geostrophic flows. Mexican waters generally exhibited greater predicted habitat quality than the SCB in cold years. Predicted quality of the habitat in the SCB was greater from the 1980s to 2008 than in the earlier years of the survey primarily because temperatures and geostrophic flows were more appropriate for larvae. However, stock size the previous year had a larger effect on predictions than any environmental variable, indicating that larval Pacific mackerel did not fully occupy the suitable habitat during most years.
C1 [Weber, Edward D.; McClatchie, Sam] NOAA, Fisheries Resources Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, La Jolla, CA 92107 USA.
RP Weber, ED (reprint author), NOAA, Fisheries Resources Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 8604 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92107 USA.
EM ed.weber@noaa.gov
RI Weber, Edward/A-6986-2009
OI Weber, Edward/0000-0002-0942-434X
NR 26
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 5
PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE
PI SEATTLE
PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA
SN 0090-0656
J9 FISH B-NOAA
JI Fish. Bull.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 110
IS 1
BP 85
EP 97
PG 13
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 880KO
UT WOS:000299406200007
ER
PT J
AU Zwolinski, JP
Demer, DA
Byers, KA
Cutter, GR
Renfree, JS
Sessions, TS
Macewicz, BJ
AF Zwolinski, Juan P.
Demer, David A.
Byers, Kyle A.
Cutter, George R.
Renfree, Josiah S.
Sessions, Thomas S.
Macewicz, Beverly J.
TI Distributions and abundances of Pacific sardine (Sardinops sagax) and
other pelagic fishes in the California Current Ecosystem during spring
2006, 2008, and 2010, estimated from acoustic-trawl surveys
SO FISHERY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID WEST-COAST; VARIABILITY; PATTERNS
AB The abundances and distributions of coastal pelagic fish species in the California Current Ecosystem from San Diego to southern Vancouver Island, were estimated from combined acoustic and trawl surveys conducted in the spring of 2006, 2008, and 2010. Pacific sardine (Sardinops sagax), jack mackerel (Trachurus symmetricus), and Pacific mackerel (Scomber japonicus) were the dominant coastal pelagic fish species, in that order. Northern anchovy (Engraulis mordax) and Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii) were sampled only sporadically and therefore estimates for these species were unreliable. The estimates of sardine biomass compared well with those of the annual assessments and confirmed a declining trajectory of the "northern stock" since 2006. During the sampling period, the biomass of jack mackerel was stable or increasing, and that of Pacific mackerel was low and variable. The uncertainties in these estimates are mostly the result of spatial patchiness which increased from sardine to mackerels to anchovy and herring. Future surveys of coastal pelagic fish species in the California Current Ecosystem should benefit from adaptive sampling based on modeled habitat; increased echosounder and trawl sampling, particularly for the most patchy and nearshore species; and directed-trawl sampling for improved species identification and estimations of their acoustic target strength.
C1 [Zwolinski, Juan P.; Demer, David A.; Byers, Kyle A.; Cutter, George R.; Renfree, Josiah S.; Sessions, Thomas S.; Macewicz, Beverly J.] NOAA, Adv Survey Technol Program, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Zwolinski, JP (reprint author), NOAA, Adv Survey Technol Program, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 8604 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM Juan.Zwolinski@noaa.gov
FU Fisheries Resources Division at SWFSC; Portuguese Foundation for Science
and Technology (FCT-MCES) [SFRH/BPD/44834/ 2008]
FX We are very grateful to the numerous scientists and technicians from the
Southwest Fisheries Science Center that collected and archived the data
from the acoustic-trawl surveys. We thank R. Vetter, Director of the
Fisheries Resources Division at SWFSC, and the Portuguese Foundation for
Science and Technology (FCT-MCES) for funding J. P. Zwolinski's
postdoctoral internship (SFRH/BPD/44834/ 2008) with D. A. Demer at
SWFSC. Finally, we thank the three anonymous reviewers for their
constructive suggestions and comments.
NR 40
TC 23
Z9 24
U1 2
U2 17
PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE
PI SEATTLE
PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA
SN 0090-0656
J9 FISH B-NOAA
JI Fish. Bull.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 110
IS 1
BP 110
EP 122
PG 13
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 880KO
UT WOS:000299406200009
ER
PT J
AU Lough, RG
O'Brien, L
AF Lough, R. Gregory
O'Brien, Loretta
TI Life-stage recruitment models for Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and
haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) on Georges Bank
SO FISHERY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID SMALL-SCALE TURBULENCE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; NORTH-SEA; CONTINENTAL-SHELF;
WALLEYE POLLOCK; FISH COMMUNITY; LARVAL COD; ECOSYSTEM; GROWTH;
MORTALITY
AB Ichthyoplankton surveys have been used to provide an independent estimate of adult spawning biomass of commercially exploited species and to further our understanding of the recruitment processes in the early life stages. However, predicting recruitment has been difficult because of the complex interaction of physical and biological processes operating at different spatial and temporal scales that can occur at the different life stages. A model of first-year life-stage recruitment was applied to Georges Bank Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) stocks over the years 1977-2004 by using environmental and density-dependent relationships. The best life-stage mortality relationships for eggs, larvae, pelagic juveniles, and demersal juveniles were first determined by hindcasting recruitment estimates based on egg and larval abundance and mortality rates derived from two intensive sampling periods, 1977-87 and 1995-99. A wind-driven egg mortality relationship was used to estimate losses due to transport off the bank, and a wind-stress larval mortality relationship was derived from feeding and survival studies. A simple metric for the density-dependent effects of Atlantic cod was used for both Atlantic cod and haddock. These life stage proxies were then applied to the virtual population analysis (VPA) derived annual egg abundances to predict age-1 recruitment. Best models were determined from the correlation of predicted and VPA-derived age-1 abundance. The larval stage was the most quantifiable of any stage from surveys, whereas abundance estimates of the demersal juvenile stage were not available because of undersampling. Attempts to forecast recruitment from spawning stock biomass or egg abundance, however, will always be poor because of variable egg survival.
C1 [Lough, R. Gregory; O'Brien, Loretta] NOAA, NE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Lough, RG (reprint author), NOAA, NE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM Gregory.Lough@noaa.gov
FU NOAA [710]; National Science Foundation [710]
FX This is contribution #710 of the US GLOBEC program, funded jointly by
NOAA and the National Science Foundation. We thank J. Hare, D.
Richardson, and the three anonymous reviewers for their constructive
comments, and E. Broughton, M. Traver and X. Wu for revised figures.
NR 64
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 13
PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE
PI SEATTLE
PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA
SN 0090-0656
J9 FISH B-NOAA
JI Fish. Bull.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 110
IS 1
BP 123
EP 140
PG 18
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 880KO
UT WOS:000299406200010
ER
PT J
AU Shi, L
Peng, G
Bates, JJ
AF Shi, Lei
Peng, Ge
Bates, John J.
TI Surface Air Temperature and Humidity from Intersatellite-Calibrated HIRS
Measurements in High Latitudes
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID RADIANCE; RETRIEVAL; AMSU; CHANNELS; BIASES
AB High-latitude ocean surface air temperature and humidity derived from intersatellite-calibratcd High-Resolution Infrared Radiation Sounder (HIRS) measurements are examined. A neural network approach is used to develop retrieval algorithms. HIRS simultaneous nadir overpass observations from high latitudes are used to intercalibrate observations from different satellites. Investigation shows that if HIRS observations were not intercalibrated, then it could lead to intersatellite biases of 1 degrees C in the air temperature and 1-2 g kg(-1) in the specific humidity for high-latitude ocean surface retrievals. Using a full year of measurements from a high-latitude moored buoy site as ground truth, the instantaneous (matched within a half-hour) root-mean-square (RMS) errors of HIRS retrievals are 1.50 degrees C for air temperature and 0.86 g kg(-1) for specific humidity. Compared to a large set of operational moored and drifting buoys in both northern and southern oceans greater than 50 latitude, the retrieval instantaneous RMS errors are within 2.6 degrees C for air temperature and 1.4 g kg(-1) for specific humidity. Compared to 5 yr of International Maritime Meteorological Archive in situ data, the HIRS specific humidity retrievals show less than 0.5 g kg(-1) of differences over the majority of northern high-latitude open oceans.
C1 [Shi, Lei; Peng, Ge; Bates, John J.] NOAA, Natl Climat Data Ctr, Asheville, NC 28801 USA.
[Peng, Ge] STG Inc, Asheville, NC USA.
RP Shi, L (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Climat Data Ctr, 151 Patton Ave, Asheville, NC 28801 USA.
EM lei.shi@noaa.gov
RI Peng, Ge/B-6080-2011; Peng, Ge /D-8003-2014; Bates, John/D-1012-2009
OI Peng, Ge /0000-0002-1986-9115; Bates, John/0000-0002-8124-0406
NR 24
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 14
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 29
IS 1
BP 3
EP 13
DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-11-00024.1
PG 11
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 881PA
UT WOS:000299497400001
ER
PT J
AU Potvin, CK
Shapiro, A
Xue, M
AF Potvin, Corey K.
Shapiro, Alan
Xue, Ming
TI Impact of a Vertical Vorticity Constraint in Variational Dual-Doppler
Wind Analysis: Tests with Real and Simulated Supercell Data
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID NONHYDROSTATIC ATMOSPHERIC SIMULATION; VARIABLE ADVECTION CORRECTION;
PREDICTION SYSTEM ARPS; RADAR NETWORK; PART II; MODEL; CIRCULATIONS;
RETRIEVALS; TORNADOES; EQUATION
AB One of the greatest challenges to dual-Doppler retrieval of the vertical wind is the lack of low-level divergence information available to the mass conservation constraint. This study examines the impact of a vertical vorticity equation constraint on vertical velocity retrievals when radar observations are lacking near the ground. The analysis proceeds in a three-dimensional variational data assimilation (3DVAR) framework with the anelastic form of the vertical vorticity equation imposed along with traditional data, mass conservation, and smoothness constraints. The technique is tested using emulated radial wind observations of a supercell storm simulated by the Advanced Regional Prediction System (ARPS), as well as real dual-Doppler observations of a supercell storm that occurred in Oklahoma on 8 May 2003. Special attention is given to procedures to evaluate the vorticity tendency term, including spatially variable advection correction and estimation of the intrinsic evolution. Volume scan times ranging from 5 min, typical of operational radar networks, down to 30 s, achievable by rapid-scan mobile radars, are considered. The vorticity constraint substantially improves the vertical velocity retrievals in our experiments, particularly for volume scan times smaller than 2 min.
C1 [Potvin, Corey K.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Natl Weather Ctr, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Shapiro, Alan; Xue, Ming] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Shapiro, Alan; Xue, Ming] Univ Oklahoma, Ctr Anal & Predict Storms, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
RP Potvin, CK (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Natl Weather Ctr, 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM corey.potvin@noaa.gov
RI Shapiro, Alan/G-6116-2011; Xue, Ming/F-8073-2011
OI Xue, Ming/0000-0003-1976-3238
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [ATM-0532107, EEC-0313747,
AGS-0802888, OCI-0905040, AGS-0750790]; National Research Council,
National Severe Storms Laboratory (NSSL)
FX This research was largely supported by the National Science Foundation
(NSF) under Grant ATM-0532107. Part of the work was performed while the
first author held a National Research Council Research Associateship
Award at the National Severe Storms Laboratory (NSSL). Partial support
of this work was provided by the NSSL. The authors were also supported
by NSF Grant EEC-0313747, and the third author was also supported by NSF
Grants AGS-0802888, OCI-0905040, and AGS-0750790. The SOLO II and
REORDER software developed at the National Center for Atmospheric
Research (NCAR) were used to edit the radar data. Most of the data
editing was performed by Katherine Willingham (NSSL). We are thankful to
Daniel Betten (University of Oklahoma) for helpful discussions and to
the three anonymous reviewers for their very useful comments.
NR 29
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 29
IS 1
BP 32
EP 49
DI 10.1175/JTECH-D-11-00019.1
PG 18
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 881PA
UT WOS:000299497400003
ER
PT J
AU Collilieux, X
van Dam, T
Ray, J
Coulot, D
Metivier, L
Altamimi, Z
AF Collilieux, Xavier
van Dam, Tonie
Ray, Jim
Coulot, David
Metivier, Laurent
Altamimi, Zuheir
TI Strategies to mitigate aliasing of loading signals while estimating GPS
frame parameters
SO JOURNAL OF GEODESY
LA English
DT Article
DE Loading effects; Terrestrial Reference Frame; GNSS; GPS; Geocenter
motion
ID GEOCENTER MOTION; EARTH; DEFORMATION; SYSTEM
AB Although GNSS techniques are theoretically sensitive to the Earth center of mass, it is often preferable to remove intrinsic origin and scale information from the estimated station positions since they are known to be affected by systematic errors. This is usually done by estimating the parameters of a linearized similarity transformation which relates the quasi-instantaneous frames to a long-term frame such as the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF). It is well known that non-linear station motions can partially alias into these parameters. We discuss in this paper some procedures that may allow reducing these aliasing effects in the case of the GPS techniques. The options include the use of well-distributed sub-networks for the frame transformation estimation, the use of site loading corrections, a modification of the stochastic model by downweighting heights, or the joint estimation of the low degrees of the deformation field. We confirm that the standard approach consisting of estimating the transformation over the whole network is particularly harmful for the loading signals if the network is not well distributed. Downweighting the height component, using a uniform sub-network, or estimating the deformation field perform similarly in drastically reducing the amplitude of the aliasing effect. The application of these methods to reprocessed GPS terrestrial frames permits an assessment of the level of agreement between GPS and our loading model, which is found to be about 1.5 mm WRMS in height and 0.8 mm WRMS in the horizontal at the annual frequency. Aliased loading signals are not the main source of discrepancies between loading displacement models and GPS position time series.
C1 [Collilieux, Xavier; Coulot, David; Metivier, Laurent; Altamimi, Zuheir] IGN LAREG, F-77455 Marne La Vallee 2, France.
[van Dam, Tonie] Univ Luxembourg, L-1511 Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
[Ray, Jim] NOAA, Natl Geodet Survey, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Metivier, Laurent] Inst Phys Globe, F-75005 Paris, France.
[Collilieux, Xavier; Coulot, David; Metivier, Laurent; Altamimi, Zuheir] GRGS, F-77455 Marne La Vallee 2, France.
RP Collilieux, X (reprint author), IGN LAREG, 6-8 Av Blaise Pascal, F-77455 Marne La Vallee 2, France.
EM xavier.collilieux@ign.fr
RI Metivier, Laurent/A-5003-2011
FU CNES through a TOSCA
FX This work was partly funded by the CNES through a TOSCA grant. All the
plots, except Fig. 6, have been made with the General Mapping Tool (GMT)
software (Wessel and Smith 1991).
NR 27
TC 35
Z9 39
U1 1
U2 19
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0949-7714
J9 J GEODESY
JI J. Geodesy
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 86
IS 1
BP 1
EP 14
DI 10.1007/s00190-011-0487-6
PG 14
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Remote Sensing
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Remote Sensing
GA 881XF
UT WOS:000299524600001
ER
PT J
AU Flaud, JM
Lafferty, WJ
Tchana, FK
Perrin, A
Landsheere, X
AF Flaud, J. -M.
Lafferty, W. J.
Tchana, F. Kwabia
Perrin, A.
Landsheere, X.
TI First high-resolution analysis of the v(15), v(12), v(5), v(10) and v(2)
bands of oxirane
SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article
DE Oxirane; Ethylene oxide; High resolution IR spectrum
ID ETHYLENE-OXIDE; SPECTRUM
AB Fourier transform spectra of oxirane (ethylene oxide, c-C2H4O) have been recorded in the 730-1560 cm(-1) (6.4-13.7 gm) spectral region using a Bruker IFS125HR spectrometer at a resolution of 0.0019 cm(-1). A total of six vibration bands, v(15), v(12), V-5, v(3), v(10) and v(2), have been observed and analyzed. The corresponding upper state ro-vibrational levels were fit using Hamiltonian matrices accounting for various interactions. Satisfactory fits were obtained using the following polyads (15(1),12(1),5(1)) and (10(1),2(1)) of interacting states. As a result, an accurate and extended set of Hamiltonian constants were obtained. The following band centers were derived: v(0) (v(15)) = 808.13518(60) cm(-1), v(0) (v(12)) = 822.27955(37) cm(-1), v(0) (v(5)) = 876.72592(15), v(0) (v(3)) = 1270.37032(10) cm(-1), v(0) ( v(10)) = 1471.35580(50) cm(-1) and v(0) (v(2)) = 1497.83309(15) cm(-1) where the uncertainties are one standard deviation. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lafferty, W. J.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Opt Technol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Flaud, J. -M.; Tchana, F. Kwabia; Perrin, A.; Landsheere, X.] Univ Paris Est Creteil & Paris Diderot, LISA, UMR CNRS 7583, Inst Pierre Simon Laplace, F-94010 Creteil, France.
RP Lafferty, WJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Opt Technol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM walter.lafferty@nist.gov
NR 11
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 2
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0022-2852
J9 J MOL SPECTROSC
JI J. Mol. Spectrosc.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 271
IS 1
BP 38
EP 43
DI 10.1016/j.jms.2011.11.005
PG 6
WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy
SC Physics; Spectroscopy
GA 881DZ
UT WOS:000299462000007
ER
PT J
AU Keown, AJ
Bush, MB
Ford, C
Lee, JJW
Constantino, PJ
Lawn, BR
AF Keown, Amanda J.
Bush, Mark B.
Ford, Chris
Lee, James J. -W.
Constantino, Paul J.
Lawn, Brian R.
TI Fracture susceptibility of worn teeth
SO JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Teeth; Enamel; Worn surfaces; Longitudinal fracture; Critical load
ID TOOTH WEAR; DENTAL MICROWEAR; MECHANICAL-BEHAVIOR; LAYER STRUCTURES;
CONTACT DAMAGE; FALLBACK FOODS; HUMAN ENAMEL; GREAT APES; FAILURE; DIET
AB An experimental simulation study is made to determine the effects of occlusal wear on the capacity of teeth to resist fracture. Tests are carried out on model dome structures, using glass shells to represent enamel and epoxy filler to represent dentin. The top of the domes are ground and polished to produce flat surfaces of prescribed depths relative to shell thickness. The worn surfaces are then loaded axially with a hard sphere, or a hard or soft flat indenter, to represent extremes of food contacts. The loads required to drive longitudinal cracks around the side walls of the enamel to failure are measured as a function of relative wear depth. It is shown that increased wear can inhibit or enhance load-bearing capacity, depending on the nature of the contact. The results are discussed in the context of biological evolutionary pressures. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Keown, Amanda J.; Bush, Mark B.; Lawn, Brian R.] Univ Western Australia, Sch Mech & Chem Engn, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
[Ford, Chris] Curtin Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia.
[Lee, James J. -W.; Lawn, Brian R.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Ceram, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Constantino, Paul J.; Lawn, Brian R.] Marshall Univ, Dept Biol, Huntington, WV 25755 USA.
RP Bush, MB (reprint author), Univ Western Australia, Sch Mech & Chem Engn, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
EM mark.bush@uwa.edu.au
FU Australian Research Council; US National Science Foundation; NRC
FX We are grateful to Peter Lucas for many discussions on the biological
implications of wear in humans and other animals. The glass domes were
produced in the Glassblowing Workshop, School of Biomedical,
Biomolecular and Chemical Sciences, University of Western Australia.
Funding for this work was provided by a Discovery Grant from the
Australian Research Council (MBB, AJK and BRL), by the US National
Science Foundation (BRL), and by an NRC Postdoctoral Fellowship (JJ-WL).
NR 73
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1751-6161
J9 J MECH BEHAV BIOMED
JI J. Mech. Behav. Biomed. Mater.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 5
IS 1
BP 247
EP 256
DI 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2011.08.028
PG 10
WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 873QX
UT WOS:000298899200027
PM 22100100
ER
PT J
AU Norman, SA
Goertz, CEC
Burek, KA
Quakenbush, LT
Cornick, LA
Romano, TA
Spoon, T
Miller, W
Beckett, LA
Hobbs, RC
AF Norman, Stephanie A.
Goertz, Caroline E. C.
Burek, Kathy A.
Quakenbush, Lori T.
Cornick, Leslie A.
Romano, Tracy A.
Spoon, Tracey
Miller, Woutrina
Beckett, Laurel A.
Hobbs, Roderick C.
TI SEASONAL HEMATOLOGY AND SERUM CHEMISTRY OF WILD BELUGA WHALES
(DELPHINAPTERUS LEUCAS) IN BRISTOL BAY, ALASKA, USA
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE Beluga whale; Bristol Bay; Delphinapterus leucas; health assessment;
hematology; serum chemistry
ID BLOOD-CHEMISTRY; KILLER WHALE; PORPOISES; VALUES; CONSTITUENTS;
POPULATION; ATLANTIC; ECOLOGY; OXYGEN; DEEP
AB We collected blood from 18 beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas), live-captured in Bristol Bay, Alaska, USA, in May and September 2008, to establish baseline hematologic and serum chemistry values and to determine whether there were significant differences in hematologic values by sex, season, size/age, or time during the capture period. Whole blood was collected within an average of 19 min (range=11-30 min) after the net was set for capture, and for eight animals, blood collection was repeated in a later season after between 80-100 min; all blood was processed within 12 hr. Mean hematocrit, chloride, creatinine, total protein, albumin, and alkaline phosphatase were significantly lower in May than they were in September, whereas mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, monocytes, phosphorous, magnesium, blood urea nitrogen, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase, and creatinine kinase were significantly higher. Mean total protein, white blood cell count, neutrophils, and lymphocytes were significantly higher early in the capture period than they were later. No significant differences in blood analyte values were noted between males and females. Using overall body length as a proxy for age, larger (older) belugas had lower white blood cell, lymphocyte, and eosinophil counts as well as lower sodium, potassium, and calcium levels but higher creatinine levels than smaller belugas. These data provide values for hematology and serum chemistry for comparisons with other wild belugas.
C1 [Norman, Stephanie A.; Miller, Woutrina] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Immunol, Sch Vet Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Goertz, Caroline E. C.] Alaska SeaLife Ctr, Seward, AK 99664 USA.
[Burek, Kathy A.] Alaska Vet Pathol Serv, Eagle River, AK 99577 USA.
[Quakenbush, Lori T.] Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.
[Cornick, Leslie A.] Alaska Pacific Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Romano, Tracy A.; Spoon, Tracey] Myst Aquarium, Mystic, CT 06355 USA.
[Beckett, Laurel A.] Univ Calif Davis, Div Biostat, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Sch Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Hobbs, Roderick C.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Norman, SA (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Immunol, Sch Vet Med, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM whaledoctor@gmail.com
FU NMML-AFSC
FX Special thanks to H. Chythlook and the Bristol Bay Native Association
for local coordination, boat drivers, and crews (B. Tinker [using F.
Bartman's boat], A. Roehl, T. Olson, T. Bavilla, B. Lopez, and R.
Andrew). Logistic support was provided by Alaska Department of Fish and
Game (ADFG), P. Liedberg and the Togiak National Wildlife Refuge, with
additional support by R. Griffith, J. Holt, M. Hilbert, J. Casteel, D.
Finley, and C. Reigert (Kanakanak Hospital, Bristol Bay Area Health
Corporation), J. Citta (ADFG), C. Field, I. Sidor, A. Delmonaco, and J.
Richard (MA), T. Binder, A. Dove, D. Christen, T. Claus (Georgia
Aquarium), G. Godfrey, L. Kendall (Alaska Pacific University), and J.
Nettiksimmons (University of California, Davis) are also appreciated. T.
Rowles and J. Whaley (National Oceanographic and Atmospheric
Administration [NOAA] Fisheries) provided guidance and valuable
suggestions. B. Fadely, M. Lander, G. Duker, J. Lee (National Marine
Mammal Laboratory-Alaska Fisheries Science Center [NMML-AFSC]), and K.
Harr (Phoenix Central Laboratories) kindly reviewed the manuscript.
Funding provided by NMML-AFSC. Activities were performed under NOAA
Fisheries permits (782-1719 and 932-1489-09. Capture and sampling
protocols were approved by the ADFG Institutional Animal Care and Use
Committee (06-16, last amended 9/28/07). This constitutes publication
200 from the Sea Research Foundation.
NR 40
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 16
PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0090-3558
J9 J WILDLIFE DIS
JI J. Wildl. Dis.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 48
IS 1
BP 21
EP 32
PG 12
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 876VW
UT WOS:000299136800003
PM 22247370
ER
PT J
AU Lessios, HA
Lockhart, S
Collin, R
Sotil, G
Sanchez-Jerez, P
Zigler, KS
Perez, AF
Garrido, MJ
Geyer, LB
Bernardi, G
Vacquier, VD
Haroun, R
Kessing, BD
AF Lessios, H. A.
Lockhart, S.
Collin, R.
Sotil, G.
Sanchez-Jerez, P.
Zigler, K. S.
Perez, A. F.
Garrido, M. J.
Geyer, L. B.
Bernardi, G.
Vacquier, V. D.
Haroun, R.
Kessing, B. D.
TI Phylogeography and bindin evolution in Arbacia, a sea urchin genus with
an unusual distribution
SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE gametic isolation molecules; Isthmus of Panama; marine barriers;
mitochondrial DNA; speciation
ID DETECTING POSITIVE SELECTION; AMINO-ACID SITES; GAMETE RECOGNITION
PROTEIN; CODON-SUBSTITUTION MODELS; TROPICAL EASTERN PACIFIC; INDO-WEST
PACIFIC; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; SPERM BINDIN; ADAPTIVE EVOLUTION; BENTHIC
MACROINVERTEBRATES
AB Among shallow water sea urchin genera, Arbacia is the only genus that contains species found in both high and low latitudes. In order to determine the geographical origin of the genus and its history of speciation events, we constructed phylogenies based on cytochrome oxidase I and sperm bindin from all its species. Both the mitochondrial and the nuclear gene genealogies show that Arbacia originated in the temperate zone of the Southern Hemisphere and gave rise to three species in the eastern Pacific, which were then isolated from the Atlantic by the Isthmus of Panama. The mid-Atlantic barrier separated two additional species. The bindin data suggest that selection against hybridization is not important in the evolution of this molecule in this genus. Metz et al. in a previous publication found no evidence of selection on bindin of Arbacia and suggested that this might be due to allopatry between species, which obviated the need for species recognition. This suggestion formed the basis of the conclusion, widely spread in the literature, that the source of selection on sea urchin bindin (where it does occur) was reinforcement. However, the range of Arbacia spatuligera overlaps with that of two other species of Arbacia, and our data show that it is hybridizing with one of them. We found that even in the species that overlap geographically, there are no deviations from selective neutrality in the evolution of bindin.
C1 [Lessios, H. A.; Collin, R.; Geyer, L. B.; Kessing, B. D.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
[Lockhart, S.] Univ Nacl Mayor San Marcos, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Lima 14, Peru.
[Sotil, G.] Univ Nacl Mayor San Marcos, Fac Ciencias Biol, Lima 14, Peru.
[Sanchez-Jerez, P.] Univ Alicante, Dept Ciencias Ambient, Alicante, Spain.
[Zigler, K. S.] Univ South, Dept Biol, Sewanee, TN USA.
[Perez, A. F.] Univ Buenos Aires, Dept Ecol Genet & Evoluc, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
[Garrido, M. J.] Gobierno Canarias, Serv Espacios Nat, Las Palmas Gran Canaria, Spain.
[Bernardi, G.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Vacquier, V. D.] Univ Calif San Diego, Div Marine Biol Res, Scripps Inst Oceanog, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
[Haroun, R.] Univ Las Palmas Gran Canaria, Las Palmas Gran Canaria, Islas Canarias, Spain.
RP Lessios, HA (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, POB 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama.
EM lessiosh@post.harvard.edu
RI Bernardi, Giacomo/F-6346-2011; Haroun, Ricardo/L-1352-2013;
Sanchez-Jerez, Pablo/L-4750-2014
OI Sotil, Giovanna/0000-0002-1583-8821; Bernardi,
Giacomo/0000-0002-8249-4678; Haroun, Ricardo/0000-0003-1348-692X;
Sanchez-Jerez, Pablo/0000-0003-4047-238X
NR 92
TC 24
Z9 25
U1 1
U2 49
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0962-1083
J9 MOL ECOL
JI Mol. Ecol.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 21
IS 1
BP 130
EP 144
DI 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05303.x
PG 15
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Evolutionary Biology
GA 869FO
UT WOS:000298582700011
PM 21981354
ER
PT J
AU Almudevar, A
Anderson, EC
AF Almudevar, Anthony
Anderson, Eric C.
TI A new version of PRT software for sibling groups reconstruction with
comments regarding several issues in the sibling reconstruction problem
SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE pedigree reconstruction; sibling group inference
ID FULL SIBSHIP RECONSTRUCTION; NATURAL-POPULATIONS; PEDIGREE
RECONSTRUCTION; PARTITION-DISTANCE; PARENTAGE ANALYSIS; GENETIC-MARKERS;
GENOTYPIC DATA; ASSIGNMENT; PATERNITY; INFERENCE
AB Pedigree reconstruction using genotypic markers has become an important tool for the study of natural populations. The nonstandard nature of the underlying statistical problems has led to the necessity of developing specialized statistical and computational methods. In this article, a new version of pedigree reconstruction tools (PRT 2.0) is presented. The software implements algorithms proposed in Almudevar & Field (Journal of Agricultural Biological and Environmental Statistics, 4, 1999, 136) and Almudevar (Biometrics, 57, 2001a, 757) for the reconstruction of single generation sibling groups (SG). A wider range of enumeration algorithms is included, permitting improved computational performance. In particular, an iterative version of the algorithm designed for larger samples is included in a fully automated form. The new version also includes expanded simulation utilities, as well as extensive reporting, including half-sibling compatibility, parental genotype estimates and flagging of potential genotype errors. A number of alternative algorithms are described and demonstrated. A comparative discussion of the underlying methodologies is presented. Although important aspects of this problem remain open, we argue that a number of methodologies including maximum likelihood estimation (COLONY 1.2 and 2.0) and the set cover formulation (KINALYZER) exhibit undesirable properties in the sibling reconstruction problem. There is considerable evidence that large sets of individuals not genetically excluded as siblings can be inferred to be a true sibling group, but it is also true that unrelated individuals may be genetically compatible with a true sibling group by chance. Such individuals may be identified on a statistical basis. PRT 2.0, based on these sound statistical principles, is able to efficiently match or exceed the highest reported accuracy rates, particularly for larger SG. The new version is available at .
C1 [Almudevar, Anthony] Univ Rochester, Dept Biostat & Computat Biol, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
[Anderson, Eric C.] SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Ecol Div, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
[Anderson, Eric C.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
RP Almudevar, A (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Dept Biostat & Computat Biol, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
EM anthony_almudevar@urmc.rochester.edu
NR 42
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 15
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1755-098X
J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR
JI Mol. Ecol. Resour.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 12
IS 1
BP 164
EP 178
DI 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2011.03061.x
PG 15
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Evolutionary Biology
GA 869GF
UT WOS:000298585000020
PM 21883980
ER
PT J
AU A'Hara, SW
Amouroux, P
Argo, EE
Avand-Faghih, A
Barat, A
Barbieri, L
Bert, TM
Blatrix, R
Blin, A
Bouktila, D
Broome, A
Burban, C
Capdevielle-Dulac, C
Casse, N
Chandra, S
Cho, KJ
Cottrell, JE
Crawford, CR
Davis, MC
Delatte, H
Desneux, N
Djieto-Lordon, C
Dubois, MP
El-Mergawy, RAAM
Gallardo-Escarate, C
Garcia, M
Gardiner, MM
Guillemaud, T
Haye, PA
Hellemans, B
Hinrichsen, P
Jeon, JH
Kerdelhue, C
Kharrat, I
Kim, KH
Kim, YY
Kwan, YS
Labbe, EM
Lahood, E
Lee, KM
Lee, WO
Lee, YH
Legoff, I
Li, H
Lin, CP
Liu, SS
Liu, YG
Long, D
Maes, GE
Magnoux, E
Mahanta, PC
Makni, H
Makni, M
Malausa, T
Matura, R
McKey, D
McMillen-Jackson, AL
Mendez, MA
Mezghani-Khemakhem, M
Michel, AP
Paul, M
Muriel-Cunha, J
Nibouche, S
Normand, F
Palkovacs, EP
Pande, V
Parmentier, K
Peccoud, J
Piats-Check, F
Puchulutegui, C
Ramos, R
Ravest, G
Richner, H
Robbens, J
Rochat, D
Rousselet, J
Saladin, V
Sauve, M
Schlei, O
Schultz, TF
Scobie, AR
Segovia, NI
Seyoum, S
Silvain, JF
Tabone, E
Van Houdt, JKJ
Vandamme, SG
Volckaert, FAM
Wenburg, J
Willis, TV
Won, YJ
Ye, NH
Zhang, W
Zhang, YX
AF A'Hara, S. W.
Amouroux, P.
Argo, Emily E.
Avand-Faghih, A.
Barat, Ashoktaru
Barbieri, Luiz
Bert, Theresa M.
Blatrix, R.
Blin, Aurelie
Bouktila, D.
Broome, A.
Burban, C.
Capdevielle-Dulac, C.
Casse, N.
Chandra, Suresh
Cho, Kyung Jin
Cottrell, J. E.
Crawford, Charles R.
Davis, Michelle C.
Delatte, H.
Desneux, Nicolas
Djieto-Lordon, C.
Dubois, M. P.
El-Mergawy, R. A. A. M.
Gallardo-Escarate, C.
Garcia, M.
Gardiner, Mary M.
Guillemaud, Thomas
Haye, P. A.
Hellemans, B.
Hinrichsen, P.
Jeon, Ji Hyun
Kerdelhue, C.
Kharrat, I.
Kim, Ki Hwan
Kim, Yong Yul
Kwan, Ye-Seul
Labbe, Ellen M.
Lahood, Eric
Lee, Kyung Mi
Lee, Wan-Ok
Lee, Yat-Hung
Legoff, Isabelle
Li, H.
Lin, Chung-Ping
Liu, S. S.
Liu, Y. G.
Long, D.
Maes, G. E.
Magnoux, E.
Mahanta, Prabin Chandra
Makni, H.
Makni, M.
Malausa, Thibaut
Matura, Rakesh
McKey, D.
McMillen-Jackson, Anne L.
Mendez, M. A.
Mezghani-Khemakhem, M.
Michel, Andy P.
Paul, Moran
Muriel-Cunha, Janice
Nibouche, S.
Normand, F.
Palkovacs, Eric P.
Pande, Veena
Parmentier, K.
Peccoud, J.
Piats-Check, F.
Puchulutegui, Cecilia
Ramos, R.
Ravest, G.
Richner, Heinz
Robbens, J.
Rochat, D.
Rousselet, J.
Saladin, Verena
Sauve, M.
Schlei, Ora
Schultz, Thomas F.
Scobie, A. R.
Segovia, N. I.
Seyoum, Seifu
Silvain, J-F
Tabone, Elisabeth
Van Houdt, J. K. J.
Vandamme, S. G.
Volckaert, F. A. M.
Wenburg, John
Willis, Theodore V.
Won, Yong-Jin
Ye, N. H.
Zhang, W.
Zhang, Y. X.
CA Mol Ecology Resources Primer Dev C
TI Permanent Genetic Resources added to Molecular Ecology Resources
Database 1 August 2011-30 September 2011
SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES
LA English
DT Article
AB This article documents the addition of 299 microsatellite marker loci and nine pairs of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) EPIC primers to the Molecular Ecology Resources (MER) Database. Loci were developed for the following species: Alosa pseudoharengus, Alosa aestivalis, Aphis spiraecola, Argopecten purpuratus, Coreoleuciscus splendidus, Garra gotyla, Hippodamia convergens, Linnaea borealis, Menippe mercenaria, Menippe adina, Parus major, Pinus densiflora, Portunus trituberculatus, Procontarinia mangiferae, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, Schizothorax richardsonii, Scophthalmus rhombus, Tetraponera aethiops, Thaumetopoea pityocampa, Tuta absoluta and Ugni molinae. These loci were cross-tested on the following species: Barilius bendelisis, Chiromantes haematocheir, Eriocheir sinensis, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Eucalyptus cladocalix, Eucalyptus globulus, Garra litaninsis vishwanath, Garra para lissorhynchus, Guindilla trinervis, Hemigrapsus sanguineus, Luma chequen. Guayaba, Myrceugenia colchaguensis, Myrceugenia correifolia, Myrceugenia exsucca, Parasesarma plicatum, Parus major, Portunus pelagicus, Psidium guayaba, Schizothorax richardsonii, Scophthalmus maximus, Tetraponera latifrons, Thaumetopoea bonjeani, Thaumetopoea ispartensis, Thaumetopoea libanotica, Thaumetopoea pinivora, Thaumetopoea pityocampa ena clade, Thaumetopoea solitaria, Thaumetopoea wilkinsoni and Tor putitora. This article also documents the addition of nine EPIC primer pairs for Euphaea decorata, Euphaea formosa, Euphaea ornata and Euphaea yayeyamana.
C1 [A'Hara, S. W.; Broome, A.; Cottrell, J. E.] No Res Stn, Forest Res, Roslin EH25 9SY, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Amouroux, P.; Normand, F.] Stn Bassin Plat, CIRAD, UPR HortSys, F-97455 Saint Pierre, La Reunion, France.
[Amouroux, P.] Univ Reunion, F-97715 Saint Denis Messag, La Reunion, France.
[Argo, Emily E.; Palkovacs, Eric P.; Schultz, Thomas F.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Marine Lab, Marine Conservat Mol Facil, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
[Avand-Faghih, A.] Plant Pests & Dis Res Inst, Tehran 19395, Iran.
[Barat, Ashoktaru; Chandra, Suresh; Mahanta, Prabin Chandra; Matura, Rakesh] Indian Council Agr Res, Mol Genet Lab, Directorate Coldwater Fisheries Res, Naini Tal 263136, Uttarakhand, India.
[Barbieri, Luiz; Bert, Theresa M.; Crawford, Charles R.; Davis, Michelle C.; McMillen-Jackson, Anne L.; Puchulutegui, Cecilia; Seyoum, Seifu] Florida Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Blatrix, R.; Dubois, M. P.; Garcia, M.; McKey, D.; Peccoud, J.; Piats-Check, F.; Sauve, M.] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, CEFE, UMR 5175, F-34293 Montpellier 5, France.
[Blin, Aurelie; Guillemaud, Thomas; Legoff, Isabelle; Malausa, Thibaut] Univ Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, IBSV INRA, Equipe Biol Populat Interact,UMR 1301, F-06903 Sophia Antipolis, France.
[Bouktila, D.; Kharrat, I.; Makni, H.; Makni, M.; Mezghani-Khemakhem, M.] Univ Tunis El Manar, Fac Sci Tunis, Unite Genom Insectes Ravageurs Cultures Interet A, Manar, Tunisia.
[Bouktila, D.] Univ Jendouba, Inst Super Biotechnol Beja, Jendouba, Tunisia.
[Burban, C.] Univ Bordeaux, INRA, BIOGECO, UMR1202, F-33610 Cestas, France.
[Capdevielle-Dulac, C.; Silvain, J-F] CNRS, IRD, Lab Evolut,Genomes & Speciat, UR 072,UPR 9034, F-91198 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Casse, N.] Univ Maine, Lab Mer Mol Sante MMS, F-72017 Le Mans, France.
[Cho, Kyung Jin; Kim, Yong Yul; Lee, Kyung Mi] Korea Forest Seed & Variety Ctr, Div Seed Seedling Management, Chungju Si 380941, Chungcheongbuk, South Korea.
[Delatte, H.; Nibouche, S.] UMR PVBMT, CIRAD, F-97410 St Pierre, Reunion.
[Desneux, Nicolas] INRA, Unite Rech integree Hort, F-06903 Sophia Antipolis Cedex 06903, France.
[Djieto-Lordon, C.] Univ Yaounde 1, Fac Sci, Zool Lab, Yaounde, Cameroon.
[El-Mergawy, R. A. A. M.] Minoufia Univ, Genet Engn & Biotechnol Res Inst GEBRI, Dept Mol Biol, El Sadat City, Minoufia, Egypt.
[Gallardo-Escarate, C.] Univ Concepcion, Fac Ciencias Nat & Oceanog, Ctr Biotechnol, Dept Oceanog, Concepcion, Chile.
[Gardiner, Mary M.; Michel, Andy P.; Zhang, W.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Wooster, OH 44691 USA.
[Haye, P. A.; Segovia, N. I.] Univ Catolica Norte, Dept Biol Marina, Coquimbo, Chile.
[Hinrichsen, P.; Ramos, R.; Ravest, G.] Inst Invest Agropecuarias, Ctr Invest Platina, Lab Biotecnol, INIA, Santiago, Chile.
[Jeon, Ji Hyun; Kim, Ki Hwan] Biomedic, Bucheon Si 420020, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea.
[Kerdelhue, C.] INRA, UMR CBGP INRA IRD CIRAD Montpellier Supagro, F-34988 Montferrier Sur Lez, France.
[Kwan, Ye-Seul; Won, Yong-Jin] Ewha Womans Univ, Div Ecosci, Seoul, South Korea.
[Labbe, Ellen M.] Univ So Maine, Dept Biol, Portland, ME 04102 USA.
[Lahood, Eric; Paul, Moran] NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Conservat Biol Div, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Lee, Wan-Ok] Natl Fisheries Res & Dev Inst, Inland Fisheries Res Inst, Gapyeong, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea.
[Lee, Yat-Hung; Lin, Chung-Ping] Tunghai Univ, Dept Life Sci, Taichung 40704, Taiwan.
[Li, H.] Yancheng Teachers Univ, Jiangsu Prov Key Lab Coastal Wetland Bioresources, Yancheng 224002, Peoples R China.
[Liu, S. S.] Ocean Univ China, Qingdao 266003, Peoples R China.
[Liu, Y. G.; Zhang, Y. X.] Shandong Entry Exit Inspect & Quarantine Bur, Qingdao 266002, Peoples R China.
[Long, D.] Plantlife Scotland, Stirling FK8 2QG, Scotland.
[Magnoux, E.; Rousselet, J.] INRA, UR Zool Forestiere 633, F-45075 Orleans 2, France.
[Makni, H.] Univ Tunis, Inst Super Animat Jeunesse & Culture, Tunis, Tunisia.
[Mendez, M. A.] Univ Chile, Fac Ciencias, Lab Genet Evoluc, Santiago, Chile.
[Muriel-Cunha, Janice] Fed Univ Para Altamira, Fac Ciencias Biol, BR-68372040 Altamira, PA, Brazil.
[Pande, Veena] Kumaon Univ, Dept Biotechnol, Bhimtal 263136, Uttarakhand, India.
[Parmentier, K.; Robbens, J.; Vandamme, S. G.] Inst Agr & Fisheries Res ILVO Fisheries, B-8400 Oostende, Belgium.
[Ramos, R.] Syngenta Chile, Santiago, Chile.
[Richner, Heinz; Saladin, Verena] Univ Bern, Inst Ecol & Evolut, Dept Evolutionary Ecol, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
[Rochat, D.] UPMC, INRA, UMR 1272, F-78026 Versailles, France.
[Schlei, Ora; Wenburg, John] USFWS, Conservat Genet Lab, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
[Tabone, Elisabeth] INRA, Unite Expt Lutte Biol, F-06903 Sophia Antipolis Cedex 06903, France.
[Van Houdt, J. K. J.] KULeuven, Lab Cytogenet & Genome Res, O&N, B-3000 Louvain, Belgium.
[Willis, Theodore V.] Univ So Maine, Dept Environm Sci, Gorham, ME 04038 USA.
[Ye, N. H.] Chinese Acad Fishery Sci, Yellow Sea Fisheries Res Inst, Qingdao 266071, Peoples R China.
[Capdevielle-Dulac, C.; Silvain, J-F] Univ Paris 11, F-91405 Orsay, France.
[Haye, P. A.; Segovia, N. I.] Ctr Estudios Avanzados Zonas Aridas CEAZA, Coquimbo, Chile.
[Hellemans, B.; Maes, G. E.; Van Houdt, J. K. J.; Vandamme, S. G.; Volckaert, F. A. M.] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Lab Anim Div & Systemat, Biogenom Div, B-3000 Louvain, Belgium.
[Lee, Yat-Hung; Lin, Chung-Ping] Tunghai Univ, Ctr Trop Ecol & Biodivers, Taichung 40704, Taiwan.
[Scobie, A. R.] Scottish Nat Heritage, Cairngorms Rare Plants Project, Aviemore PH22 1QD, Inverness, Scotland.
RI Richner, Heinz/B-1659-2008; Nibouche, Samuel/C-1964-2008; Desneux,
Nicolas/J-6262-2013; Normand, Frederic/J-7200-2013; Mendez,
Marco/B-1912-2014; Maes, Gregory/C-5450-2008; Haye, Pilar/B-7082-2015;
guillemaud, thomas/B-4899-2012; Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology,
Research Institute /E-7221-2017;
OI Kerdelhue, Carole/0000-0001-7667-902X; Bouktila,
Dhia/0000-0002-7360-5161; Blatrix, Rumsais/0000-0003-1662-7791; Peccoud,
Jean/0000-0002-3356-7869; Richner, Heinz/0000-0001-7390-0526; Nibouche,
Samuel/0000-0003-2675-1382; Maes, Gregory/0000-0002-1531-7321; Haye,
Pilar/0000-0002-1093-9076; guillemaud, thomas/0000-0003-0451-1644;
Schultz, Thomas/0000-0001-9694-9920
NR 0
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 3
U2 64
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1755-098X
J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR
JI Mol. Ecol. Resour.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 12
IS 1
BP 185
EP 189
DI 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2011.03088.x
PG 5
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Evolutionary Biology
GA 869GF
UT WOS:000298585000022
ER
PT J
AU Kinsinger, CR
Apffel, J
Baker, M
Bian, XP
Borchers, CH
Bradshaw, R
Brusniak, MY
Chan, DW
Deutsch, EW
Domon, B
Gorman, J
Grimm, R
Hancock, W
Hermjakob, H
Horn, D
Hunter, C
Kolar, P
Kraus, HJ
Langen, H
Linding, R
Moritz, RL
Omenn, GS
Orlando, R
Pandey, A
Ping, PP
Rahbar, A
Rivers, R
Seymour, SL
Simpson, RJ
Slotta, D
Smith, RD
Stein, SE
Tabb, DL
Tagle, D
Yates, JR
Rodriguez, H
AF Kinsinger, Christopher R.
Apffel, James
Baker, Mark
Bian, Xiaopeng
Borchers, Christoph H.
Bradshaw, Ralph
Brusniak, Mi-Youn
Chan, Daniel W.
Deutsch, Eric W.
Domon, Bruno
Gorman, Jeff
Grimm, Rudolf
Hancock, William
Hermjakob, Henning
Horn, David
Hunter, Christie
Kolar, Patrik
Kraus, Hans-Joachim
Langen, Hanno
Linding, Rune
Moritz, Robert L.
Omenn, Gilbert S.
Orlando, Ron
Pandey, Akhilesh
Ping, Peipei
Rahbar, Amir
Rivers, Robert
Seymour, Sean L.
Simpson, Richard J.
Slotta, Douglas
Smith, Richard D.
Stein, Stephen E.
Tabb, David L.
Tagle, Danilo
Yates, John R.
Rodriguez, Henry
TI Recommendations for mass spectrometry data quality metrics for open
access data (corollary to the Amsterdam principles)
SO PROTEOMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Amsterdam principles; Bioinformatics; Data quality; Metrics; Open
access; Selected reaction monitoring; Standards
ID PROTEIN IDENTIFICATION DATA; SHOTGUN PROTEOMICS; PEPTIDE IDENTIFICATION;
CLINICAL PROTEOMICS; MINIMUM INFORMATION; STATISTICAL-MODEL; GUIDELINES;
RESOURCE; SPECTRA; REPRODUCIBILITY
AB Policies supporting the rapid and open sharing of proteomic data are being implemented by the leading journals in the field. The proteomics community is taking steps to ensure that data are made publicly accessible and are of high quality, a challenging task that requires the development and deployment of methods for measuring and documenting data quality metrics. On September 18, 2010, the U.S. National Cancer Institute (NCI) convened the International Workshop on Proteomic Data Quality Metrics in Sydney, Australia, to identify and address issues facing the development and use of such methods for open access proteomics data. The stakeholders at the workshop enumerated the key principles underlying a framework for data quality assessment in mass spectrometry data that will meet the needs of the research community, journals, funding agencies, and data repositories. Attendees discussed and agreed upon two primary needs for the wide use of quality metrics: (i) an evolving list of comprehensive quality metrics and (ii) standards accompanied by software analytics. Attendees stressed the importance of increased education and training programs to promote reliable protocols in proteomics. This workshop report explores the historic precedents, key discussions, and necessary next steps to enhance the quality of open access data. By agreement, this article is published simultaneously in Proteomics, Proteomics Clinical Applications, Journal of Proteome Research, and Molecular and Cellular Proteomics, as a public service to the research community. The peer review process was a coordinated effort conducted by a panel of referees selected by the journals.
C1 [Kinsinger, Christopher R.; Rahbar, Amir; Rodriguez, Henry] NCI, Off Canc Clin Prote Res, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Apffel, James] Agilent Res Labs, Santa Clara, CA USA.
[Baker, Mark] Macquarie Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Sci, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
[Bian, Xiaopeng] NCI, Ctr Bioinformat & Informat Technol, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Borchers, Christoph H.] Univ Victoria, Genome BC Prote Ctr, Victoria, BC, Canada.
[Bradshaw, Ralph] Univ Calif San Francisco, Mass Spectrometry Facil, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.
[Chan, Daniel W.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
[Domon, Bruno] CRP Sante, Luxembourg Clin Prote Ctr, Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
[Gorman, Jeff] Queensland Inst Med Res, Prot Discovery Ctr, Herston, Qld 4006, Australia.
[Grimm, Rudolf] Agilent Technol, Santa Clara, CA USA.
[Hancock, William] Northeastern Univ, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Hermjakob, Henning] European Bioinformat Inst, Prote Serv, Cambridge, England.
[Horn, David] Thermo Fisher Sci, Prote Software Strateg Mkt, San Jose, CA USA.
[Hunter, Christie; Rivers, Robert] AB SCIEX, Foster City, AB, Canada.
[Kolar, Patrik] European Commiss, Directorate Gen Res, Brussels, Belgium.
[Kraus, Hans-Joachim] Wiley VCH, Weinheim, Germany.
[Langen, Hanno] Hoffmann La Roche Ag, Exploratory Biomarkers, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland.
[Linding, Rune] Tech Univ Denmark DTU, Cellular Signal Integrat Grp C SIG, Ctr Biol Sequence Anal CBS, Dept Syst Biol, Lyngby, Denmark.
[Moritz, Robert L.] Inst Syst Biol, Cellular & Mol Logic Unit, Seattle, WA USA.
[Omenn, Gilbert S.] Univ Michigan, Ctr Computat Med & Bioinformat, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Orlando, Ron] Univ Georgia, Complex Carbohydrate Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Pandey, Akhilesh] Johns Hopkins Univ, McKusick Nathans Inst Genet Med, Baltimore, MD USA.
[Ping, Peipei] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Seymour, Sean L.] NCI, Small Business Dev Ctr, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Simpson, Richard J.] La Trobe Univ, La Trobe Inst Mol Sci, Bundoora, Vic, Australia.
[Slotta, Douglas] NIH, Ctr Biotechnol Informat, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Smith, Richard D.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Stein, Stephen E.] NIST, Chem Reference Data Grp, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Tabb, David L.] Vanderbilt Ingram Canc Ctr, Nashville, TN USA.
[Tagle, Danilo] Natl Inst Neurol Disorders & Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA.
[Yates, John R.] Scripps Res Inst, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Kinsinger, CR (reprint author), NCI, Off Canc Clin Prote Res, NIH, 31 Ctr Dr,MSC 2580, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
EM kinsingc@mail.nih.gov
RI Pandey, Akhilesh/B-4127-2009; Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012; Bradshaw,
Ralph/K-1515-2013;
OI Hermjakob, Henning/0000-0001-8479-0262; Baker, Mark/0000-0001-5858-4035;
Pandey, Akhilesh/0000-0001-9943-6127; Smith,
Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349; Ping, Peipei/0000-0003-3583-3881; Omenn,
Gilbert S./0000-0002-8976-6074
NR 51
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 32
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1615-9853
EI 1615-9861
J9 PROTEOMICS
JI Proteomics
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 12
IS 1
BP 11
EP 20
DI 10.1002/pmic.201100562
PG 10
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 872WL
UT WOS:000298841000004
PM 22069307
ER
PT J
AU Woods, TN
Eparvier, FG
Hock, R
Jones, AR
Woodraska, D
Judge, D
Didkovsky, L
Lean, J
Mariska, J
Warren, H
McMullin, D
Chamberlin, P
Berthiaume, G
Bailey, S
Fuller-Rowell, T
Sojka, J
Tobiska, WK
Viereck, R
AF Woods, T. N.
Eparvier, F. G.
Hock, R.
Jones, A. R.
Woodraska, D.
Judge, D.
Didkovsky, L.
Lean, J.
Mariska, J.
Warren, H.
McMullin, D.
Chamberlin, P.
Berthiaume, G.
Bailey, S.
Fuller-Rowell, T.
Sojka, J.
Tobiska, W. K.
Viereck, R.
TI Extreme Ultraviolet Variability Experiment (EVE) on the Solar Dynamics
Observatory (SDO): Overview of Science Objectives, Instrument Design,
Data Products, and Model Developments
SO SOLAR PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE EVE; SDO; Solar EUV irradiance; Space weather research
ID EUV IRRADIANCE VARIABILITY; OPEN MAGNETIC-FLUX; SPACE WEATHER; FAR-SIDE;
ATOMIC DATABASE; EMISSION-LINES; EXPERIMENT SEE; SUN; WAVELENGTHS;
OPERATIONS
AB The highly variable solar extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation is the major energy input to the Earth's upper atmosphere, strongly impacting the geospace environment, affecting satellite operations, communications, and navigation. The Extreme ultraviolet Variability Experiment (EVE) onboard the NASA Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) will measure the solar EUV irradiance from 0.1 to 105 nm with unprecedented spectral resolution (0.1 nm), temporal cadence (ten seconds), and accuracy (20%). EVE includes several irradiance instruments: The Multiple EUV Grating Spectrographs (MEGS)-A is a grazing-incidence spectrograph that measures the solar EUV irradiance in the 5 to 37 nm range with 0.1-nm resolution, and the MEGS-B is a normal-incidence, dual-pass spectrograph that measures the solar EUV irradiance in the 35 to 105 nm range with 0.1-nm resolution. To provide MEGS in-flight calibration, the EUV SpectroPhotometer (ESP) measures the solar EUV irradiance in broadbands between 0.1 and 39 nm, and a MEGS-Photometer measures the Sun's bright hydrogen emission at 121.6 nm. The EVE data products include a near real-time space-weather product (Level 0C), which provides the solar EUV irradiance in specific bands and also spectra in 0.1-nm intervals with a cadence of one minute and with a time delay of less than 15 minutes. The EVE higher-level products are Level 2 with the solar EUV irradiance at higher time cadence (0.25 seconds for photometers and ten seconds for spectrographs) and Level 3 with averages of the solar irradiance over a day and over each one-hour period. The EVE team also plans to advance existing models of solar EUV irradiance and to operationally use the EVE measurements in models of Earth's ionosphere and thermosphere. Improved understanding of the evolution of solar flares and extending the various models to incorporate solar flare events are high priorities for the EVE team.
C1 [Woods, T. N.; Eparvier, F. G.; Hock, R.; Jones, A. R.; Woodraska, D.] Univ Colorado, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Judge, D.; Didkovsky, L.] Univ So Calif, Ctr Space Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
[Lean, J.; Mariska, J.; Warren, H.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[McMullin, D.] Space Syst Res Corp, Alexandria, VA 22314 USA.
[Chamberlin, P.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Berthiaume, G.] MIT, Lincoln Lab, Lexington, MA 02420 USA.
[Bailey, S.] Virginia Tech, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Fuller-Rowell, T.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Fuller-Rowell, T.; Viereck, R.] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Sojka, J.] Utah State Univ, Ctr Atmospher & Space Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Tobiska, W. K.] Space Environm Technol, Pacific Palisades, CA 90272 USA.
RP Woods, TN (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, 1234 Innovat Dr, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
EM tom.woods@lasp.colorado.edu
RI Chamberlin, Phillip/C-9531-2012;
OI Chamberlin, Phillip/0000-0003-4372-7405; Lean,
Judith/0000-0002-0087-9639
FU NASA [NAS5-02140]
FX This research is supported by NASA contract NAS5-02140 to the University
of Colorado. The authors gratefully acknowledge the many people who have
contributed to the success of this new instrument throughout concept,
design, fabrication, and testing. Special thanks to Vanessa George for
her support in preparing this manuscript.
NR 67
TC 150
Z9 150
U1 3
U2 23
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0038-0938
EI 1573-093X
J9 SOL PHYS
JI Sol. Phys.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 275
IS 1-2
BP 115
EP 143
DI 10.1007/s11207-009-9487-6
PG 29
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 878YT
UT WOS:000299294600007
ER
PT J
AU Thomas, JB
Duewer, DL
Mugenya, IO
Phinney, KW
Sander, LC
Sharpless, KE
Sniegoski, LT
Tai, SS
Welch, MJ
Yen, JH
AF Thomas, Jeanice B.
Duewer, David L.
Mugenya, Isaac O.
Phinney, Karen W.
Sander, Lane C.
Sharpless, Katherine E.
Sniegoski, Lorna T.
Tai, Susan S.
Welch, Michael J.
Yen, James H.
TI Preparation and value assignment of standard reference material 968e
fat-soluble vitamins, carotenoids, and cholesterol in human serum
SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Standard reference material; Fat-soluble vitamins; Carotenoids; Frozen
human serum; Cholesterol; Value assignment
ID LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; BETA-CAROTENE;
MASS-SPECTROMETRY; DEFINITIVE METHOD; RETINOL; PLASMA; STABILITY;
STORAGE; FROZEN
AB Standard Reference Material 968e Fat-Soluble Vitamins, Carotenoids, and Cholesterol in Human Serum provides certified values for total retinol, gamma- and alpha-tocopherol, total lutein, total zeaxanthin, total beta-cryptoxanthin, total beta-carotene, 25-hydroxyvitamin D-3, and cholesterol. Reference and information values are also reported for nine additional compounds including total alpha-cryptoxanthin, trans- and total lycopene, total alpha-carotene, trans-beta-carotene, and coenzyme Q(10). The certified values for the fat-soluble vitamins and carotenoids in SRM 968e were based on the agreement of results from the means of two liquid chromatographic methods used at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and from the median of results of an interlaboratory comparison exercise among institutions that participate in the NIST Micronutrients Measurement Quality Assurance Program. The assigned values for cholesterol and 25-hydroxyvitamin D-3 in the SRM are the means of results obtained using the NIST reference method based upon gas chromatography-isotope dilution mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-isotope dilution tandem mass spectrometry, respectively. SRM 968e is currently one of two available health-related NIST reference materials with concentration values assigned for selected fat-soluble vitamins, carotenoids, and cholesterol in human serum matrix. This SRM is used extensively by laboratories worldwide primarily to validate methods for determining these analytes in human serum and plasma and for assigning values to in-house control materials. The value assignment of the analytes in this SRM will help support measurement accuracy and traceability for laboratories performing health-related measurements in the clinical and nutritional communities.
C1 [Thomas, Jeanice B.; Duewer, David L.; Phinney, Karen W.; Sander, Lane C.; Sharpless, Katherine E.; Sniegoski, Lorna T.; Tai, Susan S.; Welch, Michael J.] NIST, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Yen, James H.] NIST, Stat Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Mugenya, Isaac O.] Kenya Bur Stand, Food & Agr Labs, Testing Serv Dept, Nairobi, Kenya.
RP Thomas, JB (reprint author), NIST, Div Analyt Chem, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8392, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jbthomas@nist.gov
OI Sharpless, Katherine/0000-0001-6569-198X
NR 29
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 4
U2 16
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1618-2642
J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 402
IS 2
BP 749
EP 762
DI 10.1007/s00216-011-5447-8
PG 14
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 870BY
UT WOS:000298645300017
PM 22015475
ER
PT J
AU Bisceglia, KJ
Roberts, AL
Lippa, KA
AF Bisceglia, Kevin J.
Roberts, A. Lynn
Lippa, Katrice A.
TI A hydrolysis procedure for the analysis of total cocaine residues in
wastewater
SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE HILIC; Cocaine; Ecgonine; Anhydroecgonine; Hydrolysis; Transformation
ID ECGONINE METHYL-ESTER; CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SOLID-PHASE
EXTRACTION; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; URINARY-EXCRETION; ILLICIT DRUGS;
PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS; HUMANS; ABUSE; BENZOYLECGONINE
AB We report a sample pretreatment approach for the analysis of total cocaine residues in wastewater that eliminates the need for two key assumptions often made in estimating cocaine utilization from measurement of its benzoylecgonine metabolite: that benzoylecgonine is neither degraded nor generated during transport in a sewer system, and that it is excreted as a constant fraction of cocaine ingested. By adding NaOH and incubating samples at 55 A degrees C, cocaine and its principal metabolites are efficiently hydrolyzed into ecgonine, anhydroecgonine, and norecgonine. Ecgonine, estimated to represent between 37% and 90% (on a molar basis) of cocaine residues, can be directly determined (without preconcentration via solid-phase extraction (SPE)) by reversed-phase (RP) or hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). If samples are subjected to SPE, anhydroecgonine can also be determined; this metabolite (and its precursors) represents a parts per thousand 7% of urinary cocaine residues (based on spot collections from living individuals). Although a reference standard for norecgonine is not commercially available, such nortropanes are also a minor fraction (up to 2%) of urinary cocaine residues. The stability of two human markers (cotinine and creatinine) to the hydrolysis procedure was also investigated. Results obtained by applying the hydrolysis approach for the analysis of total cocaine in an untreated municipal wastewater sample (obtained from Baltimore, MD) were generally in excellent agreement with those obtained from split samples analyzed using a more comprehensive solid-phase extraction RPLC/MS/MS method as described in our previous work. In particular, total tropane-based cocaine residues were found to be hydrolyzed to ecgonine with 98-99% efficiency.
C1 [Bisceglia, Kevin J.; Lippa, Katrice A.] NIST, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Bisceglia, Kevin J.; Roberts, A. Lynn] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
RP Lippa, KA (reprint author), NIST, Div Analyt Chem, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8392, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM katrice.lippa@nist.gov
RI Roberts, A. Lynn/A-3295-2010
NR 32
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 27
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1618-2642
J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 402
IS 3
BP 1277
EP 1287
DI 10.1007/s00216-011-5553-7
PG 11
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 870CE
UT WOS:000298645900027
PM 22147270
ER
PT J
AU Vu, ET
Risch, D
Clark, CW
Gaylord, S
Hatch, LT
Thompson, MA
Wiley, DN
Van Parijs, SM
AF Vu, Elizabeth T.
Risch, Denise
Clark, Christopher W.
Gaylord, Shonda
Hatch, Leila T.
Thompson, Michael A.
Wiley, David N.
Van Parijs, Sofie M.
TI Humpback whale song occurs extensively on feeding grounds in the western
North Atlantic Ocean
SO AQUATIC BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Song; Feeding grounds; Humpback whale; Megaptera novaeangliae
ID MEGAPTERA-NOVAEANGLIAE; ACOUSTIC DETECTIONS; SOUTHERN GULF; BIRD SONG;
MIGRATION; HAWAIIAN; PACIFIC; PLASTICITY; BEHAVIOR; SYSTEM
AB Male humpback whales produce complex, patterned songs that are traditionally heard on their breeding grounds. Short-term studies demonstrated that they also sing along migration routes and on higher-latitude feeding grounds. This study expands the current understanding of feeding-ground song by providing yearlong views of singing activity. Acoustic recordings were made in Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary, part of the western North Atlantic Ocean feeding grounds. Recordings were made in 2006 and 2008. Song occurred during all months except February 2006 and June 2008. Song occurred most frequently in November for both years (mean +/- SE-2006: 18.26 +/- 0.66 h with song d(-1); 2008: 18.59 +/- 0.82 h with song d(-1)). The longest song sessions occurred in April for both years (2220 +/- 348, 1430 +/- 274 s, respectively) in November and December for 2006, and in May for 2008. This study demonstrates that song occurs often, when whales arrive at the feeding grounds in early April. The occurrence and length of song sessions decrease during July and August when whales are observed to be feeding in the sanctuary. Song occurrence and song session length increase when most males prepare to migrate southward in October to December. Such patterns are congruent with the hypothesis of seasonal hormonal activity and its potential role in song production.
C1 [Vu, Elizabeth T.; Risch, Denise; Gaylord, Shonda; Van Parijs, Sofie M.] NE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Clark, Christopher W.; Van Parijs, Sofie M.] Cornell Univ, Bioacoust Res Program, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA.
[Hatch, Leila T.; Thompson, Michael A.; Wiley, David N.] NOAA, Stellwagen Bank Natl Marine Sanctuary, Scituate, MA 02066 USA.
RP Vu, ET (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, 9500 Gilman Dr,Mail Code 0205, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM e2vu@ucsd.edu
FU NOAA; Cornell University; NOAA Northeast Fisheries Science Center;
Northeast Regional Office; Stellwagen Bank
FX The authors thank the Bioacoustics' Research Program at the Cornell
Laboratory of Ornithology and the Protected Species Branch of the
Northeast Fisheries Science Center in Woods Hole, Massachusetts, for
field work and analysis support. We thank A. Chang, M. Hansen, and G.
Poritz for statistical analysis support and P. Oboyski and S. Cole for
comments. We thank J. Tougaard for providing helpful tools for
preliminary song structure analyses. This project was completed under
the support of the NOAA Ernst Hollings Scholarship Program while
attending the University of California, Berkeley (E.T.V.). Funding for
this project was provided by Cornell University, NOAA Northeast
Fisheries Science Center, Northeast Regional Office, and Stellwagen Bank
National Marine Sanctuary via the National Oceanographic Partnership
Program (NOPP). We give special thanks to Dr. S. Cerchio for insightful
and detailed comments as well as 2 anonymous referees who helped to
significantly improve this paper.
NR 47
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 5
U2 37
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 1864-7790
J9 AQUAT BIOL
JI Aquat. Biol.
PY 2012
VL 14
IS 2
BP 175
EP 183
DI 10.3354/ab00390
PG 9
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 880CM
UT WOS:000299382200008
ER
PT J
AU Shertzer, KW
Conn, PB
AF Shertzer, Kyle W.
Conn, Paul B.
TI SPAWNER-RECRUIT RELATIONSHIPS OF DEMERSAL MARINE FISHES: PRIOR
DISTRIBUTION OF STEEPNESS
SO BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID MAXIMUM REPRODUCTIVE RATE; STOCK; METAANALYSIS; MANAGEMENT; ABUNDANCE;
ECOLOGY; RATES
AB Stock assessments use spawner-recruit functions to relate the reproductive capacity of a stock (e.g., total fecundity) to subsequent recruitment. The Beverton-Holt spawner-recruit function, perhaps the most widely used, is conventionally parameterized using a "steepness" parameter that describes the stock's productivity. This parameter highly influences predicted population dynamics and responses to exploitation. Unfortunately, steepness can also be difficult to estimate reliably from data typical of stock assessments. In such cases, estimation can be improved by drawing inference from other stocks with similar life-history patterns. In particular, Bayesian prior distributions can formally be incorporated into stock assessments to inform estimation of steepness. In the present study, we used a meta-analytic approach to compute a prior distribution of steepness, focusing on marine demersal fishes. We similarly computed a prior distribution of maximum lifetime reproductive rate, a parameter inextricably related to steepness. In addition, we tested relationships between steepness and two life-history parameters linked to longevity-natural mortality and age at maturity-to examine the common assumption that long-lived, "K-selected" species have lower steepness values. In neither case was steepness significantly related to the life-history parameter. Our results should be directly applicable in stock assessments that apply the Beverton-Holt (or Ricker) function to marine demersal fishes, such as reef-associated species of the southeast United States in Atlantic, Caribbean, and Gulf of Mexico waters.
C1 [Shertzer, Kyle W.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
[Conn, Paul B.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Shertzer, KW (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, 101 Pivers Isl Rd, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
EM Kyle.Shertzer@noaa.gov
NR 26
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 11
PU ROSENSTIEL SCH MAR ATMOS SCI
PI MIAMI
PA 4600 RICKENBACKER CAUSEWAY, MIAMI, FL 33149 USA
SN 0007-4977
J9 B MAR SCI
JI Bull. Mar. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 88
IS 1
BP 39
EP 50
DI 10.5343/bms.2011.1019
PG 12
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 879TR
UT WOS:000299355600003
ER
PT J
AU Hannan, KM
Driggers, WB
Hanisko, DS
Jones, LM
Canning, AB
AF Hannan, Kristin M.
Driggers, William B., III
Hanisko, David S.
Jones, Lisa M.
Canning, Amanda B.
TI DISTRIBUTION OF THE NURSE SHARK, GINGLYMOSTOMA CIRRATUM, IN THE NORTHERN
GULF OF MEXICO
SO BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID EAST-COAST
AB The distribution of nurse sharks, Ginglymostoma cirratum (Bonaterre, 1778), in the northern Gulf of Mexico was examined using fisheries-independent bottom longline data collected from 1995 to 2009. Results indicate that nurse sharks are most abundant in the eastern Gulf of Mexico and their occurrence is relatively rare west of the Mississippi River Delta. While the eastern Gulf of Mexico had significantly different abiotic characteristics than the central and western regions, it is hypothesized that nurse shark distribution in the Gulf of Mexico is most associated with hard bottom substrate. Most nurse sharks were captured in groups of two or more individuals, indicating this species frequently aggregates. Nurse sharks in the region likely aggregate in response to prey availability, rather than for predator avoidance or mating purposes.
C1 [Hannan, Kristin M.; Driggers, William B., III; Hanisko, David S.; Jones, Lisa M.; Canning, Amanda B.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Mississippi Labs, Pascagoula, MS 39567 USA.
RP Hannan, KM (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Mississippi Labs, PO Drawer 1207, Pascagoula, MS 39567 USA.
EM kristin.hannan@noaa.gov
NR 19
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 9
PU ROSENSTIEL SCH MAR ATMOS SCI
PI MIAMI
PA 4600 RICKENBACKER CAUSEWAY, MIAMI, FL 33149 USA
SN 0007-4977
J9 B MAR SCI
JI Bull. Mar. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 88
IS 1
BP 73
EP 80
DI 10.5343/bms.2011.1033
PG 8
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 879TR
UT WOS:000299355600007
ER
PT J
AU Stoner, AW
Davis, MH
Booker, CJ
AF Stoner, Allan W.
Davis, Martha H.
Booker, Catherine J.
TI NEGATIVE CONSEQUENCES OF ALLEE EFFECT ARE COMPOUNDED BY FISHING
PRESSURE: COMPARISON OF QUEEN CONCH REPRODUCTION IN FISHING GROUNDS AND
A MARINE PROTECTED AREA
SO BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID COD GADUS-MORHUA; STROMBUS-GIGAS; POPULATION RECOVERY; TEMPORAL
VARIATION; LARVAL PRODUCTION; MATURITY; STOCK; SIZE; AGE; SUSTAINABILITY
AB Relationships between density of mature adults and mating frequency in queen conch (Strombus gigas Linnaeus, 1758) were observed at three sites in the central Bahamas including one no-take marine reserve (Exuma Gays Land and Sea Park) and two historically important fishing grounds (Berry Islands and Andros Island). No mating was observed in arty one count with density < 47 adults ha(-1), consistent with an earlier study suggesting a mate-finding Allee effect in queen conch. The unfished site had larger and older conch, and mating at that site increased rapidly with adult density, reaching an asymptote at 12%-14% of the population mating at highest density levels. Logistic modeling showed that a 90% probability of mating occurred at 100 adults ha(-1). Mating frequencies increased more slowly with density on the fishing grounds; asymptotic mating frequencies were 6.3% in the Berry Islands and just 2.3% at Andros Island. In contrast to the marine reserve, 90% probability of mating required 350 and 570 adults ha(-1) at Andros Island and the Berry Islands, respectively. Higher densities required for successful mating in the fished areas were associated with numerical dominance by small, thick-shelled adults. The small phenotype in adults appears to result from selectivity imposed by fishing pressure, and those adults had low mating frequencies, compounding the density effect on reproduction. Because releases of hatchery-reared queen conch have not been successful, preserving the integrity of spawner density and population structure will be critical for conch conservation.
C1 [Stoner, Allan W.] NOAA, Fisheries Behav Ecol Program, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Davis, Martha H.] Community Conch, Littleton, CO 80121 USA.
[Booker, Catherine J.] Community Conch, Savannah, GA 31405 USA.
RP Stoner, AW (reprint author), NOAA, Fisheries Behav Ecol Program, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 2030 S Marine Sci Dr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
EM Al.Stoner@noaa.gov
FU NOAA (US Department of Commerce); Bahamas Department of Marine Resources
(DMR); Bahamas National Trust; Nature Conservancy's Northern Caribbean
Office; Community Conch
FX This study was supported with funds and logistical assistance from the
National Undersea Research Program of NOAA (US Department of Commerce),
The Bahamas Department of Marine Resources (DMR), The Bahamas National
Trust, The Nature Conservancy's Northern Caribbean Office, and Community
Conch. DMR provided assistance from L Anderson and J Dillet, and a small
boat for surveys in the Berry Islands and Andros Island. Exuma Gays
diving was directed by M Ray-Culp, assisted by E Bartels, T Hall, L
Hambrick, R Jones, C Kuiken, and N Mehta. H Bethel, A Davis, L Davis,
and K Finalyson, A McLean, T Thompson, and A Vellacott assisted with
diving in the Berry Islands and Andros Island. M Vandenrydt was critical
as boat captain, chief engineer, and diver for the project in the Berry
Islands and Andros Island. We are also grateful to a long list of
community members and fishers at each of the sites who provided help
with travel, logistics, and guidance on queen conch distribution. We
thank RA Glazer who participated in extensive discussion on the subject
of density-dependent reproduction and three anonymous reviewers who
provided thoughtful criticism.
NR 50
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 38
PU ROSENSTIEL SCH MAR ATMOS SCI
PI MIAMI
PA 4600 RICKENBACKER CAUSEWAY, MIAMI, FL 33149 USA
SN 0007-4977
EI 1553-6955
J9 B MAR SCI
JI Bull. Mar. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 88
IS 1
BP 89
EP 104
DI 10.5343/bms.2011.1044
PG 16
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 879TR
UT WOS:000299355600009
ER
PT J
AU Kellison, GT
McDonough, V
Harper, DE
Tilmant, JT
AF Kellison, G. T.
McDonough, V.
Harper, D. E.
Tilmant, J. T.
TI CORAL REEF FISH ASSEMBLAGE SHIFTS AND DECLINES IN BISCAYNE NATIONAL
PARK, FLORIDA, USA
SO BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID RAPID VISUAL TECHNIQUE; REGION-WIDE DECLINES; MARINE RESERVES;
ECOSYSTEMS; KEYS; COMMUNITIES; DEGRADATION; RESILIENCE; RECOVERY;
IMPACTS
AB Reef fish assemblage structure was assessed in 2006-2007 ("recent" period) in Biscayne National Park, Florida, USA, and compared with data collected from 1977 to 1981 ("historical" period) from the same location. Substantial differences were observed in reef fish assemblage structure between periods. Sixty-four percent of species were observed less frequently in the recent period. Mean species richness per survey declined at all sites, with declines ranging from 9% to 27%. Declines of fishery-targeted species were also observed and were consistent with but not greater than those observed for the reef fish assemblage as a whole. The observed declines appeared to be assemblage-wide, as a majority of species within all trophic guilds examined (spongivores, planktivores, herbivores, omnivores, invertivores, generalist carnivores, and piscivores) declined in frequency of occurrence between periods, with declines ranging from 55% of species for piscivores to 75% for omnivores. Mean number of species per survey declined for all guilds but herbivores, and ranged from a 14% decline for piscivores to 67% for planktivores. The declines observed in the present study are conceptually consistent with, but more extensive than, those recently documented for the Caribbean region as a whole and with those expected in coral reef systems that are heavily utilized by humans.
C1 [Kellison, G. T.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
[McDonough, V.] Natl Pk Serv, Homestead, FL 33033 USA.
[Harper, D. E.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Tilmant, J. T.] Natl Pk Serv, Div Water Resources, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA.
RP Kellison, GT (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, 101 Pivers Isl Rd, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
EM todd.kellison@noaa.gov
FU South Florida; Caribbean Network
FX We thank S Moneysmith, H Tritt, D McClellan, L Harman, J Javech, N
Baertlein, H Balchowsky, J Bohnsack, G Davenport, D Grenda, T Jackson, M
Judge, V Koch, S Robbins, and J Schull for assistance completing fish
surveys; BNP for providing research vessels and scuba tank air fills, E
Alvear (BNP) and M Patterson (NPS Inventory and Monitoring Program,
South Florida and Caribbean Network) for funding the transition of
historical data into electronic format, R Curry for assistance in
locating survey sites and obtaining NPS permits, and J Patterson for
creating Figure 1. This work was conducted under BNP permit numbers
BISC-2006-SCI-0007 and BISC-2007-SCI-0017. We thank the editors of
Bulletin of Marine Science, J Bohnsack, A Chester, and multiple
anonymous reviewers for valuable comments and criticisms on earlier
versions of this manuscript.
NR 59
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 25
PU ROSENSTIEL SCH MAR ATMOS SCI
PI MIAMI
PA 4600 RICKENBACKER CAUSEWAY, MIAMI, FL 33149 USA
SN 0007-4977
EI 1553-6955
J9 B MAR SCI
JI Bull. Mar. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 88
IS 1
BP 147
EP 182
DI 10.5343/bms.2011.1027
PG 36
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 879TR
UT WOS:000299355600013
ER
PT J
AU Huang, BH
Hu, ZZ
Kinter, JL
Wu, ZH
Kumar, A
AF Huang, Bohua
Hu, Zeng-Zhen
Kinter, James L., III
Wu, Zhaohua
Kumar, Arun
TI Connection of stratospheric QBO with global atmospheric general
circulation and tropical SST. Part I: methodology and composite life
cycle
SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Stratospheric QBO; Tropical Pacific SST; Walker circulation; Deep
convection; Atmospheric stability; ERA40 and NCEP/NCAR reanalyses
ID QUASI-BIENNIAL OSCILLATION; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURES; INTERANNUAL
VARIABILITY; SOUTHERN OSCILLATION; ENSO VARIABILITY; NCEP REANALYSES;
DEEP CONVECTION; PHASE-SPACE; EL-NINO; MODEL
AB The stratospheric quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) and its association with the interannual variability in the stratosphere and troposphere, as well as in tropical sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA), are examined in the context of a QBO life cycle. The analysis is based on the ERA40 and NCEP/NCAR reanalyses, radiosonde observations at Singapore, and other observation-based datasets. Both reanalyses reproduce the QBO life cycle and its associated variability in the stratosphere reasonably well, except that some long-term changes are detected only in the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis. In order to separate QBO from variability on other time scales and to eliminate the long-term changes, a scale separation technique [Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD)] is applied to the raw data. The QBO component of zonal wind anomalies at 30 hPa, extracted using the EEMD method, is defined as a QBO index. Using this index, the QBO life cycle composites of stratosphere and troposphere variables, as well as SSTA, are constructed and examined. The composite features in the stratosphere are generally consistent with previous investigations. The correlations between the QBO and tropical Pacific SSTA depend on the phase in a QBO life cycle. On average, cold (warm) SSTA peaks about half a year after the maximum westerlies (easterlies) at 30 hPa. The connection of the QBO with the troposphere seems to be associated with the differences of temperature anomalies between the stratosphere and troposphere. While the anomalies in the stratosphere propagate downward systematically, some anomalies in the troposphere develop and expand vertically. Therefore, it is possible that the temperature difference between the troposphere and stratosphere may alter the atmospheric stability and tropical deep convection, which modulates the Walker circulation and SSTA in the equatorial Pacific Ocean.
C1 [Hu, Zeng-Zhen; Kumar, Arun] NCEP NWS NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[Huang, Bohua; Kinter, James L., III] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Earth Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Huang, Bohua; Hu, Zeng-Zhen; Kinter, James L., III] Ctr Ocean Land Atmosphere Studies, Calverton, MD 20705 USA.
[Wu, Zhaohua] Florida State Univ, Ctr Ocean Atmospher Predict Studies, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Wu, Zhaohua] Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
RP Hu, ZZ (reprint author), NCEP NWS NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, Suite 605,5200 Auth Rd, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
EM Zeng-Zhen.Hu@NOAA.GOV
RI Hu, Zeng-Zhen/B-4373-2011; Wu, Zhaohua/N-7102-2013;
OI Hu, Zeng-Zhen/0000-0002-8485-3400; Wu, Zhaohua/0000-0003-1660-0724
FU NOAA CVP [NA07OAR4310310]; NSF [ATM-0830062, ATM-0830068, ATM-0917743,
AGS-1139479]; NOAA [NA09OAR4310058]; NASA [NNX09AN50G]
FX Thanks go to James M. Wallace, Shuntai Zhou, Amy Butler, Xiaosong Yang,
Cristiana Stan, and Jian Lu for their useful discussion and suggestions.
This work was supported by the NOAA CVP Program (NA07OAR4310310) (Hu,
Huang), as well as NSF ATM-0830062 (Huang, Kinter), NSF ATM-0830068,
NOAA NA09OAR4310058, NASA NNX09AN50G (Hu, Huang, Kinter), NSF
ATM-0917743 and AGS-1139479 (Wu).
NR 63
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 17
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0930-7575
EI 1432-0894
J9 CLIM DYNAM
JI Clim. Dyn.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 38
IS 1-2
BP 1
EP 23
DI 10.1007/s00382-011-1250-7
PG 23
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 871QQ
UT WOS:000298753200001
ER
PT J
AU Hu, ZZ
Huang, BH
Kinter, JL
Wu, ZH
Kumar, A
AF Hu, Zeng-Zhen
Huang, Bohua
Kinter, James L., III
Wu, Zhaohua
Kumar, Arun
TI Connection of the stratospheric QBO with global atmospheric general
circulation and tropical SST. Part II: interdecadal variations
SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Stratospheric QBO; Tropical Pacific SST; Interdecadal variation; Walker
circulation; Tropical deep convection; ERA40 and NCEP/NCAR reanalyses;
ENSO
ID QUASI-BIENNIAL OSCILLATION; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; EL-NINO; SOUTHERN
OSCILLATION; ENSO VARIABILITY; NCEP REANALYSES; PHASE-SPACE; FREQUENCY;
SHIFT; MODEL
AB The interdecadal variation of the association of the stratospheric quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) with tropical sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies (SSTA) and with the general circulation in the troposphere and lower stratosphere is examined using the ERA40 and NCEP/NCAR reanalyses, as well as other observation-based analyses. It is found that the relationship between the QBO and tropical SSTA changed once around 1978-1980, and again in 1993-1995. During 1966-1974, negative correlation between the QBO and NINO3.4 indices reached its maximum when the NINO3.4 index lagged the QBO by less than 6 months. Correspondingly, the positive correlations were observed when the NINO3.4 index led the QBO by about 11-13 months or lagged by about 12-18 months. However, maximum negative correlations were shifted from the NINO3.4 index lagging the QBO by about 0-6 months during 1966-1974 to about 3-12 months during 1985-1992. During 1975-1979, both the negative and positive correlations were relatively small and the QBO and ENSO were practically unrelated to each other. The phase-based QBO life cycle composites also confirm that, on average, there are two phase (6-7 months) delay in the evolution of the QBO-associated anomalous Walker circulation, tropical SST, atmospheric stability, and troposphere and lower stratosphere temperature anomalies during 1980-1994 in comparison with those in 1957-1978. The interdecadal variation of the association between the QBO and the troposphere variability may be largely due to the characteristic change of El Nio-Southern Oscillation. The irregularity of the QBO may play a secondary role in the interdecadal variation of the association.
C1 [Hu, Zeng-Zhen; Kumar, Arun] NCEP NWS NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[Hu, Zeng-Zhen; Huang, Bohua; Kinter, James L., III] Ctr Ocean Land Atmosphere Studies, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Huang, Bohua; Kinter, James L., III] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Earth Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Wu, Zhaohua] Florida State Univ, Ctr Ocean Atmospher Predict Studies, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Wu, Zhaohua] Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
RP Hu, ZZ (reprint author), NCEP NWS NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, Room 605,5200 Auth Rd, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
EM Zeng-Zhen.Hu@noaa.gov
RI Hu, Zeng-Zhen/B-4373-2011; Wu, Zhaohua/N-7102-2013; Kinter,
James/A-8610-2015;
OI Hu, Zeng-Zhen/0000-0002-8485-3400; Kinter, James/0000-0002-6277-0559;
Wu, Zhaohua/0000-0003-1660-0724
FU NOAA CVP [NA07OAR4310310]; NSF [ATM-0830062, ATM-0830068, ATM-0917743];
NOAA [NA09OAR4310058]; NASA [NNX09AN50G]
FX Thanks go to James M. Wallace, Shuntai Zhou, Amy Butler, Michelle
L'Heureux, Cristiana Stan, Xiaosong Yang, and Jian Lu for their useful
discussion and suggestions. This work was supported by the NOAA CVP
Program (NA07OAR4310310) (Hu and Huang), as well as NSF ATM-0830062
(Huang and Kinter), NSF ATM-0830068, NOAA NA09OAR4310058, NASA
NNX09AN50G (Hu, Huang, and Kinter), and NSF ATM-0917743 (Wu).
NR 27
TC 7
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0930-7575
J9 CLIM DYNAM
JI Clim. Dyn.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 38
IS 1-2
BP 25
EP 43
DI 10.1007/s00382-011-1073-6
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 871QQ
UT WOS:000298753200002
ER
PT J
AU Christenson, RH
Bunk, DM
Schimmel, H
Tate, JR
AF Christenson, Robert H.
Bunk, David M.
Schimmel, Heinz
Tate, Jillian R.
CA IFCC Working Grp Standardization T
TI POINT - Put Simply, Standardization of Cardiac Troponin I Is Complicated
SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID CANDIDATE REFERENCE MATERIALS; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; ASSAYS;
HARMONIZATION
C1 [Christenson, Robert H.] Univ Maryland, Med Ctr, Sch Med, Labs Pathol,Dept Pathol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
[Bunk, David M.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Schimmel, Heinz] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Reference Mat & Measurements, Geel, Belgium.
[Tate, Jillian R.] Royal Brisbane & Womens Hosp, Dept Chem Pathol, Herston, Qld, Australia.
RP Christenson, RH (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Med Ctr, Sch Med, Labs Pathol,Dept Pathol, 22 S Greene St, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
EM rchristenson@umm.edu
NR 17
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 7
PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA
SN 0009-9147
J9 CLIN CHEM
JI Clin. Chem.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 58
IS 1
BP 165
EP 168
DI 10.1373/clinchem.2011.166140
PG 4
WC Medical Laboratory Technology
SC Medical Laboratory Technology
GA 875RQ
UT WOS:000299052700028
PM 21940656
ER
PT J
AU Weis, JS
Candelmo, A
AF Weis, Judith S.
Candelmo, Allison
TI Pollutants and fish predator/prey behavior: A review of laboratory and
field approaches
SO CURRENT ZOOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Predator; Feeding; Prey; Pollution; Activity; Trophic
ID MUMMICHOGS FUNDULUS-HETEROCLITUS; MINNOWS PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; THE-YEAR
BLUEFISH; TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; PREY CAPTURE ABILITY; ZEBRAFISH
DANIO-RERIO; FATHEAD MINNOWS; POMATOMUS-SALTATRIX; FEEDING-BEHAVIOR;
RAINBOW-TROUT
AB Fish behavior can be altered by contaminants. There is an extensive literature on laboratory behavioral assays, with many chemicals impairing feeding or predator avoidance. However, there is not extensive work on fishes that live in contaminated environments. Therefore, we then review our recent research on feeding and trophic relations of populations from contaminated estuaries compared with relatively unpolluted sites. The mummichog Fundulus heteroclitus, is a non-migratory fish; those from more contaminated areas are poor predators and slower to capture active prey (grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio). In the field, they consume much detritus and sediment, which is not nutritious. They are less active than fish from cleaner sites and more vulnerable to predation. They have altered thyroid glands and neurotransmitter levels, which may underlie altered behaviors. Fish from the reference site kept in tanks with sediment and food from the polluted site showed bioaccumulation and reduced prey capture after two months, although fish from the polluted site did not show significant improvement when maintained in a clean environment. Poor nutrition and predator avoidance may be responsible for their being smaller and having a shorter life span than reference fish. Bluefish Pomatomus saltatrix, are a marine species in which the young-of-the-year spend their first summer in estuaries. We found bioaccumulation of contaminants and reduced activity, schooling, and feeding in young-of-the-year bluefish from a relatively unpolluted site that were fed prey fish from a contaminated site. They also had altered thyroid glands and neurotransmitter levels. Many field-caught specimens had empty stomachs, which is rare in this species. In the fall, when they migrate back out to the ocean, they are smaller, slower, and more likely to starve or to be eaten than those that spent their summer in cleaner estuaries [Current Zoology 58 (1): 9-20, 2012].
C1 [Weis, Judith S.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Newark, NJ 07102 USA.
[Candelmo, Allison] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, James Howard Lab, Highlands, NJ 07732 USA.
RP Weis, JS (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Newark, NJ 07102 USA.
EM jweis@andromeda.rutgers.edu
FU NJ Sea Grant Program; NOAA; Rutgers University Marine Field Station
(RUMFS); Meadowlands Environmental Research Institute (MERI)
FX We appreciate the assistance of numerous undergraduate students and of
the staff at the James Howard NOAA Laboratory at Sandy Hook New Jersey.
We are grateful for the help of Dr. Peddrick Weis with thyroid
histology. This research received funding from the NJ Sea Grant Program,
the NOAA CMER Program, The Rutgers University Marine Field Station
(RUMFS), and the Meadowlands Environmental Research Institute (MERI).
NR 78
TC 21
Z9 22
U1 4
U2 39
PU CURRENT ZOOLOGY
PI BEIJING
PA CHINESE ACAD SCIENCES, INST ZOOLOGY, BEICHEN XILU, CHAOYANG DISTRICT,
BEIJING, 100101, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1674-5507
J9 CURR ZOOL
JI Curr. Zool.
PY 2012
VL 58
IS 1
BP 9
EP 20
PG 12
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 877TA
UT WOS:000299204400003
ER
PT J
AU Levin, PS
Horne, P
Andrews, KS
Williams, G
AF Levin, Phillip S.
Horne, Peter
Andrews, Kelly S.
Williams, Greg
TI An empirical movement model for sixgill sharks in Puget Sound: Combining
observed and unobserved behavior
SO CURRENT ZOOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Hexanchus griseus; Movement; Correlated random walk; Biased random walk;
Displacement; Movement model
ID HEXANCHUS-GRISEUS; NEGAPRION-BREVIROSTRIS; SEAGRASS ECOSYSTEM; TIGER
SHARKS; HABITAT USE; MARINE CONSERVATION; LEMON SHARKS; RANDOM-WALKS;
REEF SHARKS; HOME-RANGE
AB Understanding the movement of animals is fundamental to population and community ecology. Historically, it has been difficult to quantify movement patterns of most fishes, but technological advances in acoustic telemetry have increased our abilities to monitor their movement. In this study, we combined small-scale active acoustic tracking with large-scale passive acoustic monitoring to develop an empirical movement model for sixgill sharks in Puget Sound, WA, USA. We began by testing whether a correlated random walk model described the daily movement of sixgills; however, the model failed to capture home-ranging behavior. We added this behavior and used the resultant model (a biased random walk model) to determine whether daily movement patterns are able to explain large-scale seasonal movement. The daily model did not explain the larger-scale patterns of movement observed in the passive monitoring data. In order to create the large-scale patterns, sixgills must have performed behaviors (large, fast directed movements) that were unobserved during small-scale active tracking. In addition, seasonal shifts in location were not captured by the daily model. We added these 'unobserved' behaviors to the model and were able to capture large-scale seasonal movement of sixgill sharks over 150 days. The development of empirical models of movement allows researchers to develop hypotheses and test mechanisms responsible for a species movement behavior and spatial distribution. This knowledge will increase our ability to successfully manage species of concern [Current Zoology 58 (1): 103-115, 2012].
C1 [Levin, Phillip S.; Horne, Peter; Andrews, Kelly S.; Williams, Greg] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Levin, PS (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM phil.levin@noaa.gov
OI Andrews, Kelly/0000-0001-7734-3800
FU NOAA Northwest Fisheries Science Center
FX We thank the crew members of the R/V Harold Streeter for safe collection
of sharks throughout this research; and S. Larson, J. Christiansen, J.
Hollander, D. Farrer and G. Bargmann for collaborative efforts during
our sixgill research. Three anonymous reviewers provided helpful
comments to improve the content of this manuscript. PSL thanks R.
Hesjedal for his preparation and professionalism. This work was
supported by the NOAA Northwest Fisheries Science Center.
NR 61
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 16
PU CURRENT ZOOLOGY
PI BEIJING
PA CHINESE ACAD SCIENCES, INST ZOOLOGY, BEICHEN XILU, CHAOYANG DISTRICT,
BEIJING, 100101, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1674-5507
J9 CURR ZOOL
JI Curr. Zool.
PY 2012
VL 58
IS 1
BP 103
EP 115
PG 13
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 877TA
UT WOS:000299204400012
ER
PT J
AU Amarin, RA
Jones, WL
El-Nimri, SF
Johnson, JW
Ruf, CS
Miller, TL
Uhlhorn, E
AF Amarin, Ruba A.
Jones, W. Linwood
El-Nimri, Salem Fawwaz
Johnson, James W.
Ruf, Christopher S.
Miller, Timothy L.
Uhlhorn, Eric
TI Hurricane Wind Speed Measurements in Rainy Conditions Using the Airborne
Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD)
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Hurricane imaging; hurricane imaging radiometer (HIRAD); hurricanes wind
speed retrievals; synthetic aperture radiometry
ID MICROWAVE RADIOMETER; OCEAN
AB This paper describes a realistic computer simulation of airborne hurricane surveillance using the recently developed microwave remote sensor, the hurricane imaging radiometer (HIRAD). An end-to-end simulation is described of HIRAD wind speed and rain rate measurements during two hurricanes while flying on a high-altitude aircraft. This simulation addresses the particular challenge which is accurate hurricane wind speed measurements in the presence of intense rain rates. The objective of this research is to develop baseline retrieval algorithms and provide a wind speed measurement accuracy assessment for future hurricane flights including the NASA GRIP hurricane field program that was conducted in summer of 2010. Examples of retrieved hurricane wind speed and rain rate images are presented, and comparisons of the retrieved parameters with two different numerical hurricane models data are made. Special emphasis is provided on the wind speed measurement error, and statistical results are presented over a broad range of wind and rain conditions over the full measurement swath (earth incidence angle).
C1 [Amarin, Ruba A.; Jones, W. Linwood; El-Nimri, Salem Fawwaz; Johnson, James W.] Univ Cent Florida, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
[Ruf, Christopher S.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Miller, Timothy L.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA.
[Uhlhorn, Eric] NOAA, AOML, Hurricane Res Div, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Amarin, RA (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
EM ramarin@mail.ucf.edu; ljones@ucf.edu; selnimri@knights.ucf.edu;
jwjohnson.8443@gmail.com; cruf@umich.edu; tim.miller@nasa.gov;
eric.uhlhorn@noaa.gov
RI Ruf, Christopher/I-9463-2012; Uhlhorn, Eric/B-1336-2014
OI Uhlhorn, Eric/0000-0002-4759-5342
FU NASA Marshall Space Flight Center; Von Braun Center for Science and
Innovation; Von Braun Center for Science and Innovation, Huntsville, AL
FX This work was supported by the HIRAD Project of the NASA Marshall Space
Flight Center under a contract with the Von Braun Center for Science and
Innovation.; This work was sponsored under Grants from the Von Braun
Center for Science and Innovation, Huntsville, AL.
NR 13
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 7
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0196-2892
J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE
JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 50
IS 1
BP 180
EP 192
DI 10.1109/TGRS.2011.2161637
PG 13
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote
Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science
& Photographic Technology
GA 872BS
UT WOS:000298782000015
ER
PT J
AU Huber, HP
Humer, I
Hochleitner, M
Fenner, M
Moertelmaier, M
Rankl, C
Imtiaz, A
Wallis, TM
Tanbakuchi, H
Hinterdorfer, P
Kabos, P
Smoliner, J
Kopanski, JJ
Kienberger, F
AF Huber, H. P.
Humer, I.
Hochleitner, M.
Fenner, M.
Moertelmaier, M.
Rankl, C.
Imtiaz, A.
Wallis, T. M.
Tanbakuchi, H.
Hinterdorfer, P.
Kabos, P.
Smoliner, J.
Kopanski, J. J.
Kienberger, F.
TI Calibrated nanoscale dopant profiling using a scanning microwave
microscope
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID CAPACITANCE-MICROSCOPY
AB The scanning microwave microscope is used for calibrated capacitance spectroscopy and spatially resolved dopant profiling measurements. It consists of an atomic force microscope combined with a vector network analyzer operating between 1-20 GHz. On silicon semiconductor calibration samples with doping concentrations ranging from 10(15) to 10(20) atoms/cm(3), calibrated capacitance-voltage curves as well as derivative dC/dV curves were acquired. The change of the capacitance and the dC/dV signal is directly related to the dopant concentration allowing for quantitative dopant profiling. The method was tested on various samples with known dopant concentration and the resolution of dopant profiling determined to 20% while the absolute accuracy is within an order of magnitude. Using a modeling approach the dopant profiling calibration curves were analyzed with respect to varying tip diameter and oxide thickness allowing for improvements of the calibration accuracy. Bipolar samples were investigated and nano-scale defect structures and p-n junction interfaces imaged showing potential applications for the study of semiconductor device performance and failure analysis. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3672445]
C1 [Fenner, M.; Moertelmaier, M.; Rankl, C.; Tanbakuchi, H.; Kienberger, F.] Agilent Technol, Santa Clara, CA 95051 USA.
[Huber, H. P.; Hochleitner, M.; Hinterdorfer, P.] Univ Linz, Christian Doppler Lab Nanoscop Methods Biophys, A-4040 Linz, Austria.
[Humer, I.; Smoliner, J.] Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Solid State Elect, A-1040 Vienna, Austria.
[Imtiaz, A.; Wallis, T. M.] NIST, Electromagnet Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Kopanski, J. J.] NIST, Semicond Measurements Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Kienberger, F (reprint author), Agilent Technol, 5301 Stevens Creek Blvd, Santa Clara, CA 95051 USA.
EM ferry_kienberger@agilent.com
RI Hinterdorfer, Peter/C-4235-2013
FU Austrian Christian Doppler Society
FX We thank Gerald Kada, Shijie Wu, Michael Dieudonne, and Dirk Orgassa
from Agilent Technologies for technical support. This work was
financially supported by the Austrian Christian Doppler Society.
NR 23
TC 37
Z9 39
U1 3
U2 23
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD JAN 1
PY 2012
VL 111
IS 1
AR 014301
DI 10.1063/1.3672445
PG 9
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 876SE
UT WOS:000299127200089
ER
PT J
AU Wang, H
Kumar, A
Wang, WQ
Xue, Y
AF Wang, Hui
Kumar, Arun
Wang, Wanqiu
Xue, Yan
TI Seasonality of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; ATMOSPHERE-OCEAN INTERACTION; HEAT-FLUX
ANOMALIES; NORTH PACIFIC; MIXED-LAYER; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; ENSO
TELECONNECTIONS; FORECAST SYSTEM; CLIMATE; MODEL
AB The seasonality of the Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO) is examined using North Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) in observations and in a 480-yr simulation with the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Climate Forecast System (CFS) coupled model. The PDO, both in observations and in the CFS, shows similar seasonality, with increasing SST variance during spring and a maximum in late spring and early summer. The vertical structure of the ocean temperature anomaly associated with the PDO in the CFS displays a significant transition from a deep to a shallow structure during late spring, consistent with the seasonal variation of the mean ocean mixed layer depth (MLD). An analysis of atmospheric surface wind and SST anomalies from the CFS simulation indicates that there is a 1-month delay in the PDO-related SST response to the atmospheric wind forcing. The results based on the CFS simulation are generally consistent with observations, including both atmospheric data from the NCEP/Department of Energy (DOE) Global Reanalysis 2 (GR-2) and ocean data from the NCEP Global Ocean Data Assimilation System (GODAS). The 1-month delay together with the seasonal variation of the mean MLD tends to amplify the PDO-related SST response to the atmospheric surface wind in late spring to early summer, and the combination leads to the maximum variability of the PDO, which is a 3-month delay from the peak phase of the surface wind in February and March.
C1 [Wang, Hui; Kumar, Arun; Wang, Wanqiu; Xue, Yan] NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, NWS, NCEP, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[Wang, Hui] Wyle Informat Syst, Mclean, VA USA.
RP Wang, H (reprint author), NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, NWS, NCEP, 5200 Auth Rd, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
EM hui.wang@noaa.gov
RI Wang, Hui/B-6516-2008
FU NOAA Climate Test Bed (CTB)
FX This work was supported by the NOAA Climate Test Bed (CTB) Program. We
thank Drs. Zeng-Zhen Hu, Caihong Wen, and Scott J. Weaver; three
anonymous reviewers; and the editor for their insightful and
constructive comments and suggestions.
NR 46
TC 49
Z9 52
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 25
IS 1
BP 25
EP 38
DI 10.1175/2011JCLI4092.1
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 876TG
UT WOS:000299130000003
ER
PT J
AU Schmidtko, S
Johnson, GC
AF Schmidtko, Sunke
Johnson, Gregory C.
TI Multidecadal Warming and Shoaling of Antarctic Intermediate Water
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID SOUTHWEST PACIFIC-OCEAN; SOUTHERN ANNULAR MODE; INDIAN-OCEAN;
HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE; ANTHROPOGENIC CO2; DECADAL CHANGES; NORTH-ATLANTIC;
MASS CHANGES; THERMOCLINE; CIRCULATION
AB Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW) is a dominant Southern Hemisphere water mass that spreads from its formation regions just north of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) to at least 20 degrees S in all oceans. This study uses an isopycnal climatology constructed from Argo conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) profile data to define the current state of the AAIW salinity minimum (its core) and thence compute anomalies of AAIW core pressure, potential temperature, salinity, and potential density since the mid-1970s from ship-based CTD profiles. The results are used to calculate maps of temporal property trends at the AAIW core, where statistically significant strong circumpolar shoaling (30-50 dbar decade(-1)), warming (0.05 degrees-0.15 degrees C decade(-1)), and density reductions [up to -0.03 (kg m(-3)) decade(-1)] are found. These trends are strongest just north of the ACC in the southeast Pacific and Atlantic Oceans and decrease equatorward. Salinity trends are generally small, with their sign varying regionally. Bottle data are used to extend the AAIW core potential temperature anomaly analysis back to 1925 in the Atlantic and to similar to 1960 elsewhere. The modern warm AAIW core conditions appear largely unprecedented in the historical record: biennially and zonally binned median AAIW core potential temperatures within each ocean basin are, with the notable exception of the subtropical South Atlantic in the 1950s-70s, 0.2-1 degrees C colder than modern values. Zonally averaged sea surface temperature anomalies around the AAIW formation latitudes in each ocean and sectoral southern annular mode indices are used to put the AAIW core property trends and variations into context.
C1 [Schmidtko, Sunke; Johnson, Gregory C.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA USA.
RP Schmidtko, S (reprint author), Univ E Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England.
EM s.schmidtko@uea.ac.uk
RI Schmidtko, Sunke/F-3355-2011; Johnson, Gregory/I-6559-2012
OI Schmidtko, Sunke/0000-0003-3272-7055; Johnson,
Gregory/0000-0002-8023-4020
FU NOAA Climate Program Office; NOAA Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric
Research
FX Float data used here were collected and made freely available by Argo
(http://www.argo.net/), a program of the Global Ocean Observing System,
and contributing national programs. Our heartfelt thanks go to all those
who helped to collect, calibrate, and process Argo, WOCE, and GO-SHIP
data analyzed here. Comments of two anonymous reviewers helped to
improve the manuscript. The findings and conclusions in this article are
those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). The NOAA Climate
Program Office and the NOAA Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research
supported this analysis.
NR 41
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 21
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 25
IS 1
BP 207
EP 221
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00021.1
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 876TG
UT WOS:000299130000013
ER
PT J
AU Li, Y
Lau, NC
AF Li, Ying
Lau, Ngar-Cheung
TI Impact of ENSO on the Atmospheric Variability over the North Atlantic in
Late Winter-Role of Transient Eddies
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID MIDLATITUDE STORM TRACKS; COUPLED CLIMATE MODELS; AIR-SEA INTERACTION;
EXTRATROPICAL SST ANOMALIES; NINO-SOUTHERN OSCILLATION; LEVEL PRESSURE
ANOMALIES; EL-NINO; SURFACE TEMPERATURES; CIRCULATION PATTERNS; SEASONAL
DEPENDENCE
AB The dynamical mechanism for the late-winter teleconnection between El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is examined using the output from a 2000-yr integration of a coupled general circulation model (GCM). The coupled model captures many salient features of the observed behavior of both ENSO and NAO, as well as their impact on the surface climate in late winter. Both the observational and model data indicate more occurrences of negative phase of NAO in late winter during El Nino events, and positive NAO in La Nina episodes.
The potential role of high-frequency transient eddies in the above teleconnection is diagnosed. During El Nino winters, the intensified transient disturbances along the equatorward-shifted North Pacific storm track extend their influences farther downstream. The eddy-induced negative height tendencies are found to be more coherent and stronger over North Atlantic than that over North Pacific. These negative height tendencies over the North Atlantic are coincident with the southern lobe of NAO, and thus favor more occurrences of negative NAO events.
During those El Nino winters with relatively strong SST warming in eastern equatorial Pacific, the eastward extension of eddy activity is reinforced by the enhanced near-surface baroclinicity over the subtropical eastern Pacific. This flow environment supports a stronger linkage between the Pacific and Atlantic storm tracks, and is more conducive to a negative NAO phase.
These model results are supported by a parallel analysis of various observational datasets. It is further demonstrated that these transient eddy effects can be reproduced in atmospheric GCM integrations subjected to ENSO-related SST forcing in the tropical Pacific.
C1 [Li, Ying] Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Lau, Ngar-Cheung] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
RP Li, Y (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, 201 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
EM yingl@princeton.edu
FU Cooperative Institute for Climate Science (CICS) at Princeton University
FX This work was supported by the Cooperative Institute for Climate Science
(CICS) at Princeton University. We thank Rym Msadek, Isaac Held, Andrew
Wittenberg, and Thomas Delworth for constructive and thoughtful comments
that helped to improve the manuscript. We are indebted to Mary Jo Nath,
who helped with the implementation of the AM2.1 experiments described
here, and assisted in the analysis phase of this endeavor. We would also
like to thank Mike Alexander and the three anonymous referees for their
thorough reviews and insightful comments, which have led to considerable
improvements in this work.
NR 104
TC 23
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 15
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 25
IS 1
BP 320
EP 342
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00037.1
PG 23
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 876TG
UT WOS:000299130000020
ER
PT J
AU Karnauskas, KB
Johnson, GC
Murtugudde, R
AF Karnauskas, Kristopher B.
Johnson, Gregory C.
Murtugudde, Raghu
TI An Equatorial Ocean Bottleneck in Global Climate Models
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID PACIFIC-OCEAN; GALAPAGOS-ISLANDS; TROPICAL PACIFIC; CIRCULATION;
CURRENTS; SST; TELECONNECTIONS; VARIABILITY; SENSITIVITY; DYNAMICS
AB The Equatorial Undercurrent (EUC) is a major component of the tropical Pacific Ocean circulation. EUC velocity in most global climate models is sluggish relative to observations. Insufficient ocean resolution slows the EUC in the eastern Pacific where nonlinear terms should dominate the zonal momentum balance. A slow EUC in the east creates a bottleneck for the EUC to the west. However, this bottleneck does not impair other major components of the tropical circulation, including upwelling and poleward transport. In most models, upwelling velocity and poleward transport divergence fall within directly estimated uncertainties. Both of these transports :play a critical role in a theory for how the tropical Pacific may change under increased radiative forcing, that is, the ocean dynamical thermostat mechanism. These findings suggest that, in the mean, global climate models may not underrepresent the role of equatorial ocean circulation, nor perhaps bias the balance between competing mechanisms for how the tropical Pacific might change in the future. Implications for model improvement under higher resolution are also discussed.
C1 [Karnauskas, Kristopher B.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Johnson, Gregory C.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Murtugudde, Raghu] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Karnauskas, KB (reprint author), Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, 266 Woods Hole Rd,MS 23, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM kk@whoi.edu
RI Johnson, Gregory/I-6559-2012
OI Johnson, Gregory/0000-0002-8023-4020
FU Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy; J. Lamar Worzel Assistant
Scientist Fund; NOAA's Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research; NASA
PO
FX We acknowledge the modeling groups, the Program for Climate Model
Diagnosis and Intercomparison (PCMDI), and the WCRP's Working Group on
Coupled Modelling (WGCM) for their roles in making available the WCRP
CMIP3 multimodel dataset. Support of this dataset is provided by the
Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy. We thank all who helped
collect, process, and calibrate the observational data used here. T.
Busalacchi and R. Seager, and the anonymous reviewers all made helpful
comments. J. Carton and B. Giese provided and discussed the SODA
reanalysis. KBK gratefully acknowledges the J. Lamar Worzel Assistant
Scientist Fund. GCJ is supported by NOAA's Office of Oceanic and
Atmospheric Research. Findings and conclusions in this article are those
of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of NOAA. RM
gratefully acknowledges the generous support and hospitality of the
Divecha Centre for Climate Change and CAOS at IISc, Bangalore, and
partial support by NASA PO grants.
NR 46
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 13
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 25
IS 1
BP 343
EP 349
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00059.1
PG 7
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 876TG
UT WOS:000299130000021
ER
PT J
AU Foltz, GR
McPhaden, MJ
Lumpkin, R
AF Foltz, Gregory R.
McPhaden, Michael J.
Lumpkin, Rick
TI A Strong Atlantic Meridional Mode Event in 2009: The Role of Mixed Layer
Dynamics
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; EASTERN EQUATORIAL PACIFIC;
NINO-SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; TROPICAL ATLANTIC; INDIAN-OCEAN; HEAT-FLUX;
VARIABILITY; SST; ANOMALIES; CIRCULATION
AB In the first half of 2009, anomalous cooling of sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in the equatorial North Atlantic (ENA; 2 degrees-12 degrees N) triggered a strong Atlantic meridional mode event. During its peak in April-May, SSTs in the ENA were 1 degrees C colder than normal and SSTs in the equatorial South Atlantic (5 degrees S-0 degrees) were 0.5 degrees C warmer than normal. Associated with the SST gradient were anomalous northerly winds, an anomalous southward shift of the intertropical convergence zone, and severe flooding in Northeast Brazil. This study uses in situ and satellite observations to examine the mechanisms responsible for the anomalous cooling in the ENA during boreal winter and spring of 2009. It is found that the cooling was initiated by stronger than normal trade winds during January and February 2009 associated with an anomalous strengthening of the subtropical North Atlantic high pressure system. Between 6 degrees and 12 degrees N, unusually strong trade winds cooled the ocean through wind-induced evaporation and deepened the mixed layer anomalously by 5-20 m. Closer to the equator, surface equatorial winds responded to the anomalous interhemispheric SST gradient, becoming northwesterly between the equator and 6 degrees N. The anomalous winds drove upwelling of 0.5-1 m day(-1) during March-April, a period when there is normally weak downwelling. The associated vertical turbulent heat flux at the base of the mixed layer led to unusually cool SSTs in the central basin, further strengthening the anomalous interhemispheric SST gradient. These results emphasize the importance of mixed layer dynamics in the evolution of the meridional mode event of 2009 and the potential for positive coupled feedbacks between wind-induced upwelling and SST in the ENA.
C1 [Foltz, Gregory R.; Lumpkin, Rick] NOAA, AOML, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[McPhaden, Michael J.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Foltz, GR (reprint author), NOAA, AOML, 4301 Rickenbacker Cswy, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM gregory.foltz@noaa.gov
RI Foltz, Gregory/B-8710-2011; Lumpkin, Rick/C-9615-2009; McPhaden,
Michael/D-9799-2016
OI Foltz, Gregory/0000-0003-0050-042X; Lumpkin, Rick/0000-0002-6690-1704;
NR 47
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 25
IS 1
BP 363
EP 380
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00150.1
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 876TG
UT WOS:000299130000023
ER
PT J
AU Roberts, SB
Sunila, I
Wikfors, GH
AF Roberts, Steven B.
Sunila, Inke
Wikfors, Gary H.
TI Immune response and mechanical stress susceptibility in diseased
oysters, Crassostrea virginica
SO JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMIC AND
ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Oyster; Stress; Gene expression; Immune; Hemocyte
ID PARASITE PERKINSUS-MARINUS; FLOW-CYTOMETRIC ANALYSIS; EASTERN OYSTERS;
DERMOCYSTIDIUM-MARINUM; HEMOCYTES; GIGAS; GENE; EPIZOOTIOLOGY;
INFECTION; DERMO
AB Eastern oysters, Crassostrea virginica, naturally infected with the parasite Perkinsus marinus were subjected to a mechanical stress by centrifugation, and immune parameters, pathological conditions, and gene expression of selected transcripts were compared to uninfected controls. Immune parameters were assessed by flow cytometry, pathology and parasites by histotechnology and fluid thioglycollate assays, and gene expression by quantitative RT-PCR. Irrespective of mechanical stress, an increased number of hemocytes were observed in P. marinus-infected oysters that corresponded to increased expression of genes that have been shown to be involved in inflammation and apoptosis, two processes associated with regulating immune cell populations. Mechanically stressed, diseased oysters showed histological gill abnormalities and aggregations of hemocytes in tissues not seen in stressed, uninfected oysters. Expression of a high-mobility group protein and hemocyte phagocytosis were significantly upregulated upon mechanical stress only in uninfected oysters. The results of this study demonstrate the role of inflammation in the oyster immune response including possible underlying molecular mechanisms. Furthermore, this study highlights the importance of considering mechanical stressors when characterizing oyster immune function.
C1 [Roberts, Steven B.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
[Sunila, Inke] Bur Aquaculture, Dept Agr, Milford, CT 06460 USA.
[Wikfors, Gary H.] NOAA, NE Fisheries Sci Ctr, NMFS, Milford, CT 06460 USA.
RP Roberts, SB (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, 1140 NE Boat St, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
EM sr320@uw.edu
OI Roberts, Steven/0000-0001-8302-1138
FU Cooperative State Research Education, and Extension Service, US
Department of Agriculture [2003-38500-13505 (SR)]
FX The technical assistance provided by Christina Romano, Jennifer Alix,
April Croxton, Yaqin Li, Shannon Meseck, and Barry Smith is greatly
appreciated. The authors would also like to acknowledge the beneficial
comments of the three anonymous reviewers. This research was supported
in part by the Cooperative State Research Education, and Extension
Service, US Department of Agriculture, under Agreement No.
2003-38500-13505 (SR).
NR 28
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 15
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 0174-1578
J9 J COMP PHYSIOL B
JI J. Comp. Physiol. B-Biochem. Syst. Environ. Physiol.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 182
IS 1
BP 41
EP 48
DI 10.1007/s00360-011-0605-z
PG 8
WC Physiology; Zoology
SC Physiology; Zoology
GA 879LZ
UT WOS:000299332000002
PM 21853237
ER
PT J
AU Rahane, SB
Hensarling, RM
Sparks, BJ
Stafford, CM
Patton, DL
AF Rahane, Santosh B.
Hensarling, Ryan M.
Sparks, Bradley J.
Stafford, Christopher M.
Patton, Derek L.
TI Synthesis of multifunctional polymer brush surfaces via sequential and
orthogonal thiol-click reactions
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID HYPERBRANCHED POLYMERS; RADICAL POLYMERIZATION; DIELS-ALDER; CHEMISTRY;
ENE; FUNCTIONALIZATION; IMMOBILIZATION; DENDRIMERS; EFFICIENT; FACILE
AB Fabrication of multifunctional surfaces with complexity approaching that found in nature requires the application of a modular approach to surface engineering. We describe a versatile post-polymerization modification strategy to synthesize multifunctional polymer brush surfaces via combination of surface-initiated photopolymerization (SIP) and orthogonal thiol-click reactions. Specifically, we demonstrate two routes to multifunctional brush surfaces: in the first approach, alkyne-functionalized homopolymer brushes are modified with multiple thiols via a statistical, radical-mediated thiol-yne co-click reaction; and in the second approach, statistical copolymer brushes carrying two distinctly-addressable reactive moieties are sequentially modified via orthogonal base-catalyzed thiol-X (where X represents an isocyanate, epoxy, or alpha-bromoester) and radical-mediated thiol-yne reactions. In both cases, we show that surface properties, in the form of wettability, can be easily tuned over a wide range by judicious choice of brush composition and thiol functionality.
C1 [Rahane, Santosh B.; Hensarling, Ryan M.; Sparks, Bradley J.; Patton, Derek L.] Univ So Mississippi, Sch Polymers & High Performance Mat, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA.
[Stafford, Christopher M.] NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Patton, DL (reprint author), Univ So Mississippi, Sch Polymers & High Performance Mat, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA.
RI Patton, Derek/E-8241-2013
OI Patton, Derek/0000-0002-8738-4750
FU NSF [DMR-1056817]; Office of Naval Research [N00014-07-1-1057]; U.S.
Department of Education [P200A090066]
FX This work was supported in part by NSF CAREER (DMR-1056817) and the
Office of Naval Research (Award N00014-07-1-1057). RMH acknowledges
fellowship support from the U.S. Department of Education GAANN program
(Award #P200A090066).
NR 53
TC 51
Z9 51
U1 8
U2 101
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0959-9428
J9 J MATER CHEM
JI J. Mater. Chem.
PY 2012
VL 22
IS 3
BP 932
EP 943
DI 10.1039/c1jm14762e
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 877WF
UT WOS:000299212700023
ER
PT J
AU Simon, MJ
Bright, VM
Radebaugh, R
Lee, YC
AF Simon, M. J.
Bright, V. M.
Radebaugh, R.
Lee, Y. C.
TI An Analytical Model for a Piezoelectric Axially Driven Membrane
Microcompressor for Optimum Scaled Down Design
SO JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL DESIGN
LA English
DT Article
DE microcompressor; piezoelectric; membrane; axially driven; model;
compression ratio; stack actuator; PZT; lead zirconium titanate
AB A new and comprehensive analytical model for membrane microcompressors driven axially by a single lead zirconium titanate (PZT) stack actuator that incorporates assembly variation errors is presented. The model can be used as a future design aid, to predict dynamic device performance as a function of error severity and as microcompressor dimensions are scaled down from the macro to micro scale. The major conclusion of this work is that since micro compressors can be made adjustable to achieve maximum compression ratio another factor besides assembly variation error reduces the achievable compression ratio. An analytical method to predict the maximum pressure to within similar to 5% of that experimentally measured is developed. Also, a numerical method to predict the maximum pressure to within similar to 0.6% of that experimentally measured is defined. Moreover, an analytical method to predict the compression ratio degradation factor as a function of assembly variation error for adjustable and fixed devices is presented. It is shown that compression ratio is a function of this single net error parameter, and that this function is scale invariant. The model also outputs membrane moments, vertical shear forces, and stresses throughout actuation cycles. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4005329]
C1 [Simon, M. J.; Bright, V. M.; Lee, Y. C.] Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Radebaugh, R.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Simon, MJ (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Mech Engn, 427 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM mjssimon@comcast.net
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
SN 1050-0472
J9 J MECH DESIGN
JI J. Mech. Des.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 134
IS 1
AR 011006
DI 10.1115/1.4005329
PG 12
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA 874NN
UT WOS:000298965400007
ER
PT J
AU Fan, MZ
Schneider, EK
AF Fan, Meizhu
Schneider, Edwin K.
TI Observed Decadal North Atlantic Tripole SST Variability. Part I: Weather
Noise Forcing and Coupled Response
SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; OCEAN-ATMOSPHERE INTERACTION; STOCHASTIC
CLIMATE MODELS; HEAT-FLUX ANOMALIES; INTERDECADAL VARIABILITY;
INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; CIRCULATION; PREDICTABILITY; GCM; OSCILLATION
AB The mechanisms responsible for the decadal variability of the tripole mode of North Atlantic SST during the latter half of the twentieth century are diagnosed using a new technique. The SST and associated ocean variability are reconstructed by forcing an interactive ensemble coupled GCM by the surface fluxes resulting from weather noise. The weather noise surface fluxes are obtained from the NCEP-NCAR reanalysis by removing the simulated atmospheric feedback to the observed SST evolution. Simulations are performed to reconstruct and estimate the contributions of the local weather noise heat flux and wind stress to the observed evolution of the tripole pattern. The results indicate that the North Atlantic tripole pattern is forced primarily by the local weather noise surface heat flux. The roles of several types of ocean circulation variability, including gyres forced by the wind stress weather noise, the wind stress feedback to the SST, and the meridional overturning circulation, are also examined. Conclusions from this approach are expected to be model dependent. Further analysis, in the context of a simple model, of the mechanisms producing the tripole variability is presented in Part II.
C1 [Schneider, Edwin K.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Fan, Meizhu] NOAA, NESDIS, CTR Satellite Applicat & Res, Camp Springs, MD USA.
RP Schneider, EK (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Ctr Ocean Land Atmosphere Studies, 4041 Powder Mill Rd,Suite 302, Calverton, MD 20705 USA.
EM schneide@cola.iges.org
FU NSF [ATM-0342104, ATM-0653123, 0830068]; NOAA [NA09OAR4310058]; NASA
[NNX09AN50G]
FX We thank Ben Kirtman for the use of his interactive ensemble version of
the COLA CGCM and for his assistance in implementing the weather noise
forcing in the model, and Mike Fennessy for his help in processing the
reanalysis data. Suggestions of relevant publications made by Allessio
Bellucci, Yochanan Kushir, and Hua Chen, and comments by Bohua Huang,
are greatly appreciated. This research was supported by NSF Grants
ATM-0342104, ATM-0653123, and 0830068, NOAA Grant NA09OAR4310058, and
NASA Grant NNX09AN50G. The NCAR CISL provided computer resources for the
simulations. Data analysis and plotting were done using GrADS.
NR 52
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 10
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-4928
EI 1520-0469
J9 J ATMOS SCI
JI J. Atmos. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 69
IS 1
BP 35
EP 50
DI 10.1175/JAS-D-11-018.1
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 876TF
UT WOS:000299129900003
ER
PT J
AU Schneider, EK
Fan, MZ
AF Schneider, Edwin K.
Fan, Meizhu
TI Observed Decadal North Atlantic Tripole SST Variability. Part II:
Diagnosis of Mechanisms
SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID OCEAN-ATMOSPHERE INTERACTION; SURFACE TEMPERATURE ANOMALIES; STOCHASTIC
CLIMATE MODELS; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; ANALYTICAL PROTOTYPES;
MIDLATITUDES; OSCILLATION; GCM
AB In Part I of this study, the atmospheric weather noise for 1951-2000 was inferred from an atmospheric analysis in conjunction with SST-forced AGCM simulations and used to force interactive ensemble coupled GCM simulations of the North Atlantic SST variability. Here, results from those calculations are used in conjunction with a simple stochastically forced coupled model of the decadal time scale North Atlantic tripole SST variability to examine the mechanisms associated with the tripole SST variability. The diagnosed tripole variability is found to be characterized by damped, delayed oscillator dynamics, similar to what has been found by other investigators. However, major differences here, affecting the signs of two of the crucial parameters of the simple model, are that the atmospheric heat flux feedback damps the tripole pattern and that a counter-clockwise intergyre gyre-like circulation enhances the tripole pattern. Delayed oscillator dynamics are still obtained because the sign of the dynamically important parameter, proportional to the product of these two parameters, is unchanged. Another difference with regard to the dynamical processes included in the simple model is that the major contribution to the ocean's dynamical heat flux response to the weather noise wind stress is through a delayed modulation of the mean gyres, rather than from the simultaneous intergyre gyre response. The power spectrum of a revised simple model forced by white noise has a less prominent decadal peak using the parameter values and dynamics diagnosed here than in previous investigations. Decadal time scale retrospective predictions made with this version of the simple model are no better than persistence.
C1 [Schneider, Edwin K.] George Mason Univ, Ctr Ocean Land Atmosphere Studies, Calverton, MD 20705 USA.
[Schneider, Edwin K.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Fan, Meizhu] NOAA, NESDIS, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Camp Springs, MD USA.
RP Schneider, EK (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Ctr Ocean Land Atmosphere Studies, 4041 Powder Mill Rd,Suite 302, Calverton, MD 20705 USA.
EM schneide@cola.iges.org
FU NSF [ATM-0342104, ATM-0653123, 0830068]; NOAA [NA09OAR4310058]; NASA
[NNX09AN50G]
FX We thank Ben Kirtman for the use of his interactive ensemble version of
the COLA CGCM and for his assistance in implementing the weather noise
forcing in the model, and Mike Fennessy for his help in processing the
reanalysis data. Suggestions of relevant publications made by Allessio
Bellucci, Yochanan Kushir, Hua Chen, and two anonymous reviewers are
greatly appreciated. This research was supported by NSF Grants
ATM-0342104, ATM-0653123, and 0830068, NOAA Grant NA09OAR4310058, and
NASA Grant NNX09AN50G. The NCAR CISL provided computer resources for the
simulations. Data analysis and plotting were done using GrADS.
NR 23
TC 19
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-4928
J9 J ATMOS SCI
JI J. Atmos. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 69
IS 1
BP 51
EP 64
DI 10.1175/JAS-D-11-019.1
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 876TF
UT WOS:000299129900004
ER
PT J
AU Voigt, A
Held, IM
Marotzke, J
AF Voigt, Aiko
Held, Isaac M.
Marotzke, Jochem
TI Hadley Cell Dynamics in a Virtually Dry Snowball Earth Atmosphere
SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; SHALLOW MERIDIONAL CIRCULATION; PRIMITIVE
EQUATION MODEL; BOUNDARY-LAYER; PART I; CLIMATE; SIMULATIONS; FLUXES;
SCALE; FLOW
AB The Hadley cell of a virtually dry snowball Earth atmosphere under equinox insolation is studied in a comprehensive atmospheric general circulation model. In contrast to the Hadley cell of modern Earth, momentum transport by dry convection, which is modeled as vertical diffusion of momentum, is important in the upper branch of the snowball Earth Hadley cell. In the zonal momentum balance, mean meridional advection of mean absolute vorticity is not only balanced by eddies but also by vertical diffusion of zonal momentum. Vertical diffusion also contributes to the meridional momentum balance by decelerating the Hadley cell through downgradient mixing of meridional momentum between its upper and lower branches. When vertical diffusion of momentum is suppressed in the upper branch, the Hadley cell strengthens by a factor of about 2. This is in line with the effect of vertical diffusion in the meridional momentum balance but in contrast with its effect in the zonal momentum balance. Neither axisymmetric Hadley cell theories based on angular momentum conservation nor eddy-permitting Hadley cell theories that neglect vertical diffusion of momentum are applicable to the snowball Earth Hadley cell. Because the snowball Earth Hadley cell is a particular realization of a dry Hadley cell, these results show that an appropriate description of dry Hadley cells should take into account vertical transport of momentum by dry convection.
C1 [Voigt, Aiko; Marotzke, Jochem] Max Planck Inst Meteorol, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany.
[Voigt, Aiko] Int Max Planck Res Sch Earth Syst Modelling, Hamburg, Germany.
[Held, Isaac M.] Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
RP Voigt, A (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Meteorol, Bundesstr 53, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany.
EM aiko.voigt@zmaw.de
RI Voigt, Aiko/H-4691-2012
OI Voigt, Aiko/0000-0002-7394-8252
FU Max Planck Society; International Max Planck Research School on Earth
System Modelling
FX We are grateful to the reviews by Raymond T. Pierrehumbert, Dorian S.
Abbot, and one anonymous reviewer. We thank Bjorn Stevens for help with
setting up the 62-level version of ECHAM5, Thorsten Mauritsen for help
with implementing the short-tail stability function, and Jurgen Bader
for comments and the internal review at MPI-M. This work was supported
by the Max Planck Society and the International Max Planck Research
School on Earth System Modelling. A.V. thanks the IMPRS-ESM Guest and
Exchange Program for financial support for a visit to the Geophysical
Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) in Princeton, New Jersey, USA, and GFDL
for their hospitality. All simulations were performed at the German
Climate Computing Center (DKRZ) in Hamburg, Germany.
NR 46
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-4928
J9 J ATMOS SCI
JI J. Atmos. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 69
IS 1
BP 116
EP 128
DI 10.1175/JAS-D-11-083.1
PG 13
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 876TF
UT WOS:000299129900008
ER
PT J
AU Zuidema, P
Li, ZJ
Hill, RJ
Bariteau, L
Rilling, B
Fairall, C
Brewer, WA
Albrecht, B
Hare, J
AF Zuidema, Paquita
Li, Zhujun
Hill, Reginald J.
Bariteau, Ludovic
Rilling, Bob
Fairall, Chris
Brewer, W. Alan
Albrecht, Bruce
Hare, Jeff
TI On Trade Wind Cumulus Cold Pools
SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID MESOSCALE CELLULAR STRUCTURES; MARINE BOUNDARY-LAYER; PACIFIC WARM POOL;
SHALLOW CUMULUS; SUBCLOUD LAYER; PRECIPITATING CONVECTION; THERMODYNAMIC
STRUCTURE; RADAR OBSERVATIONS; TROPICAL OCEANS; WESTERN PACIFIC
AB Shallow precipitating cumuli within the easterly trades were investigated using shipboard measurements, scanning radar data, and visible satellite imagery from 2 weeks in January 2005 of the Rain in Cumulus over the Ocean (RICO) experiment. Shipboard rainfall rates of up to 2 mm h(-1) were recorded almost daily, if only for 10-30 min typically, almost always from clouds within mesoscale arcs. The precipitating cumuli, capable of reaching above 4 km, cooled surface air by 1-2 K, in all cases lowered surface specific humidities by up to 1.5 g kg(-1), reduced surface equivalent potential temperatures by up to 6 K, and were often associated with short-lived increases in wind speed. Upper-level downdrafts were inferred to explain double-lobed moisture and temperature sounding profiles, as well as multiple inversions in wind profiler data. In two cases investigated further, the precipitating convection propagated faster westward than the mean surface wind by about 2-3 m s(-1), consistent with a density current of depth similar to 200 m. In their cold pool recovery zones, the surface air temperatures equilibrated with time to the sea surface temperatures, but the surface air specific humidities stayed relatively constant after initial quick recoveries. This suggested that entrainment of drier air from above fully compensated the moistening from surface latent heat fluxes. Recovery zone surface wind speeds and latent heat fluxes were not higher than environmental values. Nonprecipitating clouds developed after the surface buoyancy had recovered (barring encroachment of other convection). The mesoscale arcs favored atmospheres with higher water vapor paths. These observations differed from those of stratocumulus and deep tropical cumulus cold pools.
C1 [Zuidema, Paquita; Li, Zhujun; Albrecht, Bruce] Univ Miami, RSMAS, MPO, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Hill, Reginald J.; Bariteau, Ludovic] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Rilling, Bob] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Fairall, Chris; Brewer, W. Alan] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Hare, Jeff] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Zuidema, P (reprint author), Univ Miami, RSMAS, MPO, 4600 Rickenbacker Cswy, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM pzuidema@rsmas.miami.edu
RI Zuidema, Paquita/C-9659-2013; Brewer, Wm Alan/I-3920-2013; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Zuidema, Paquita/0000-0003-4719-372X;
FU NSF-ATM [0735955]; National Science Foundation
FX This work was supported by NSF-ATM Grant 0735955. GOES-12 satellite
visible radiance data were provided by NCAR/EOL under sponsorship of the
National Science Foundation. Comments from three anonymous reviewers
usefully improved the manuscript; we thank them for their attention to
detail. We thank Chris Bretherton for the suggestion of partitioning the
cloud radar and sounding datasets by water vapor path and Bart Geerts
for suggesting that RKW theory may be relevant for trade wind cumuli
cloud line propagation.
NR 57
TC 38
Z9 38
U1 2
U2 20
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-4928
J9 J ATMOS SCI
JI J. Atmos. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 69
IS 1
BP 258
EP 280
DI 10.1175/JAS-D-11-0143.1
PG 23
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 876TF
UT WOS:000299129900016
ER
PT J
AU Sun, JL
Mahrt, L
Banta, RM
Pichugina, YL
AF Sun, Jielun
Mahrt, Larry
Banta, Robert M.
Pichugina, Yelena L.
TI Turbulence Regimes and Turbulence Intermittency in the Stable Boundary
Layer during CASES-99
SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID LOW-LEVEL JET; DOPPLER LIDAR; VERTICAL VARIATIONS; GRAVITY-WAVES;
SURFACE; VELOCITY; FLUXES; ENERGY; ATMOSPHERE; MOTIONS
AB An investigation of nocturnal intermittent turbulence during the Cooperative Atmosphere Surface Exchange Study in 1999 (CASES-99) revealed three turbulence regimes at each observation height: 1) regime 1, a weak turbulence regime when the wind speed is less than a threshold value; 2) regime 2, a strong turbulence regime when the wind speed exceeds the threshold value; and 3) regime 3, a moderate turbulence regime when top-down turbulence sporadically bursts into the otherwise weak turbulence regime. For regime 1, the strength of small turbulence eddies is correlated with local shear and weakly related to local stratification. For regime 2, the turbulence strength increases systematically with wind speed as a result of turbulence generation by the bulk shear, which scales with the observation height. The threshold wind speed marks the transition above which the boundary layer approaches near-neutral conditions, where the turbulent mixing substantially reduces the stratification and temperature fluctuations. The preference of the turbulence regimes during CASES-99 is closely related to the existence and the strength of low-level jets. Because of the different roles of the bulk and local shear with regard to turbulence generation under different wind conditions, the relationship between turbulence strength and the local gradient Richardson number varies for the different turbulence regimes. Turbulence intermittency at any observation height was categorized in three ways: turbulence magnitude oscillations between regimes 1 and 2 as wind speed varies back and forth across its threshold value, episodic turbulence enhancements within regime 1 as a result of local instability, and downbursts of turbulence in regime 3.
C1 [Sun, Jielun] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Mahrt, Larry] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Banta, Robert M.; Pichugina, Yelena L.] NOAA Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Sun, JL (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
EM jsun@ucar.edu
RI pichugina, yelena/I-4141-2013; Banta, Robert/B-8361-2008; Sun,
Jielun/H-6576-2015; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Sun, Jielun/0000-0003-3271-7914;
FU U.S. Army Research Office [MIPR3KNSFAR057]; NOAA; National Science
Foundation
FX The study was supported by U.S. Army Research Office, MIPR3KNSFAR057,
and the NOAA Air Quality Program. The University Corporation for
Atmospheric Research manages the National Center for Atmospheric
Research under sponsorship by the National Science Foundation. Any
opinions, findings and conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this
publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the
views of the National Science Foundation.
NR 41
TC 65
Z9 66
U1 5
U2 31
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-4928
J9 J ATMOS SCI
JI J. Atmos. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 69
IS 1
BP 338
EP 351
DI 10.1175/JAS-D-11-082.1
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 876TF
UT WOS:000299129900020
ER
PT J
AU Fridlind, AM
van Diedenhoven, B
Ackerman, AS
Avramov, A
Mrowiec, A
Morrison, H
Zuidema, P
Shupe, MD
AF Fridlind, Ann M.
van Diedenhoven, Bastiaan
Ackerman, Andrew S.
Avramov, Alexander
Mrowiec, Agnieszka
Morrison, Hugh
Zuidema, Paquita
Shupe, Matthew D.
TI A FIRE-ACE/SHEBA Case Study of Mixed-Phase Arctic Boundary Layer Clouds:
Entrainment Rate Limitations on Rapid Primary Ice Nucleation Processes
SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID GENERAL HYDRODYNAMIC THEORY; BULK MICROPHYSICS SCHEME; LARGE-EDDY
SIMULATIONS; SURFACE-ENERGY BUDGET; CONDENSATION NUCLEI;
AEROSOL-PARTICLES; STRATIFORM CLOUDS; RADIATION BUDGET;
VAPOR-DEPOSITION; FALL SPEEDS
AB Observations of long-lived mixed-phase Arctic boundary layer clouds on 7 May 1998 during the First International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) Regional Experiment (FIRE)-Arctic Cloud Experiment (ACE)/Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic Ocean (SHEBA) campaign provide a unique opportunity to test understanding of cloud ice formation. Under the microphysically simple conditions observed (apparently negligible ice aggregation, sublimation, and multiplication), the only expected source of new ice crystals is activation of heterogeneous ice nuclei (IN) and the only sink is sedimentation. Large-eddy simulations with size-resolved microphysics are initialized with IN number concentration N-IN measured above cloud top, but details of IN activation behavior are unknown. If activated rapidly (in deposition, condensation, or immersion modes), as commonly assumed, IN are depleted from the well-mixed boundary layer within minutes. Quasi-equilibrium ice number concentration N-i is then limited to a small fraction of overlying N-IN that is determined by the cloud-top entrainment rate w(e) divided by the number-weighted ice fall speed at the surface upsilon(f). Because w(c) < 1 cm s(-1) and upsilon f > 10 cm s(-1), N-i/N-IN << 1. Such conditions may be common for this cloud type, which has implications for modeling IN diagnostically, interpreting measurements, and quantifying sensitivity to increasing N-IN (when w(e)/upsilon(f) < 1, entrainment rate limitations serve to buffer cloud system response). To reproduce observed ice crystal size distributions and cloud radar reflectivities with rapidly consumed IN in this case, the measured above-cloud N-IN must be multiplied by approximately 30. However, results are sensitive to assumed ice crystal properties not constrained by measurements. In addition, simulations do not reproduce the pronounced mesoscale heterogeneity in radar reflectivity that is observed.
C1 [Fridlind, Ann M.; Ackerman, Andrew S.] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA.
[van Diedenhoven, Bastiaan; Avramov, Alexander; Mrowiec, Agnieszka] Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA.
[Morrison, Hugh] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Zuidema, Paquita] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Shupe, Matthew D.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Shupe, Matthew D.] NOAA, ESRL, PSD, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Fridlind, AM (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025 USA.
EM ann.fridlind@nasa.gov
RI Ackerman, Andrew/D-4433-2012; Fridlind, Ann/E-1495-2012; van
Diedenhoven, Bastiaan/A-2002-2013; Zuidema, Paquita/C-9659-2013; Shupe,
Matthew/F-8754-2011;
OI Ackerman, Andrew/0000-0003-0254-6253; Zuidema,
Paquita/0000-0003-4719-372X; Shupe, Matthew/0000-0002-0973-9982; van
Diedenhoven, Bastiaan/0000-0001-5622-8619
FU Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231];
DOE Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research
[DE-AI02-06ER64173, DE-AI02-08ER64547]; NASA; NASA Advanced
Supercomputing Division; National Science Foundation; NOAA's
Environmental Technology Laboratory; Naval Postgraduate School
FX This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific
Computing Center, which is supported by the Office of Science of the
U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. Fridlind and
Ackerman were supported by the DOE Office of Science, Office of
Biological and Environmental Research, through Interagency Agreements
DE-AI02-06ER64173 and DE-AI02-08ER64547, the NASA Radiation Sciences
Program, and the NASA Advanced Supercomputing Division. We thank the
SHEBA Atmospheric Surface Flux Group, Ed Andreas, Chris Fairall, Peter
Guest, and Ola Persson for collecting and processing the tower data. The
National Science Foundation supported their research with grants to the
U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, NOAA's
Environmental Technology Laboratory, and the Naval Postgraduate School.
NCEP reanalysis data provided by the NOAA/OAR/ESRL PSD, Boulder,
Colorado, from their website at http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/.
NR 108
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 2
U2 29
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-4928
J9 J ATMOS SCI
JI J. Atmos. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 69
IS 1
BP 365
EP 389
DI 10.1175/JAS-D-11-052.1
PG 25
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 876TF
UT WOS:000299129900022
ER
PT J
AU Ruiz-Cooley, RI
Engelhaupt, DT
Ortega-Ortiz, JG
AF Ruiz-Cooley, R. I.
Engelhaupt, D. T.
Ortega-Ortiz, J. G.
TI Contrasting C and N isotope ratios from sperm whale skin and squid
between the Gulf of Mexico and Gulf of California: effect of habitat
SO MARINE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID STABLE-ISOTOPES; JUMBO SQUID; LIPID EXTRACTION; TROPHIC POSITION; NORTH
PACIFIC; NITROGEN; CARBON; BEHAVIOR; MARINE; DIET
AB To investigate feeding variation between populations of an apex oceanic predator, stable isotope ratios of carbon (delta C-13) and nitrogen (delta N-13) have been compared in skin of female and immature male sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) from the northern Gulf of Mexico (GoM) and the Gulf of California (GC). Whale sexes were determined genetically. The delta C-13 and delta C-13 values from squid muscle were used from the GC, and from inshore and offshore sites in the GoM. We documented contrastingly lower delta C-13 and delta N-13 from whales and squid of the GoM compared with those from the GC. While this difference may be associated with variation in trophic position, geographic variation in biochemical cycling influenced significantly the contrasting isotope values between gulfs. Within the northern GoM, the highly distinct delta N-13 values of neritic squid versus mesopelagic squid provide further evidence of habitat specificity in delta N-13.
C1 [Ruiz-Cooley, R. I.] NOAA Fisheries, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Protected Resources Div, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Ruiz-Cooley, R. I.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Biol, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
[Engelhaupt, D. T.] Univ Durham, Sch Biol & Biomed Sci, Durham DH1 3LE, England.
RP Ruiz-Cooley, RI (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Protected Resources Div, 8604 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM Iliana.Ruiz-Cooley@noaa.gov
FU Minerals Management Service [0106CT39790]; MBRS-RISE [R25GM061222]
FX Skin tissue samples from free-ranging sperm whales in the northern GoM
were collected under Marine Mammal Protection Act/Endangered Species Act
permit #909-1,465 and #909-1,726. We thank C. Roden and D. Epperson
(Minerals Management Service), B. Mate (OSU), A. Jochens (Texas A&M) and
all scientific team (SWSS project) and crew of the R/V Gyre for their
extensive support during field work. We are grateful to J. Wormouth
(Texas A&M), K. Johnson, A. Hamilton and A. Debosse (DOC/NOAA/NMFS) for
the collection of squid specimens. We thank J. Dominguez (NMSU) and D.
W. Weller (SWFSC-La Jolla-NOAA) for their editions and comments to an
early draft of the manuscript, and D. W. Johnson (Western Watersheds
Project-Carlton, WA) for his editions on the final draft of this
manuscript. We thank the associate editor C. Harrod and the anonymous
reviewers for their constructive criticism and comments that improved
the manuscript significantly. This project was funded by Minerals
Management Service Contract 0106CT39790 and partially by MBRS-RISE R25
Grant #R25GM061222.
NR 75
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 24
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 0025-3162
EI 1432-1793
J9 MAR BIOL
JI Mar. Biol.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 159
IS 1
BP 151
EP 164
DI 10.1007/s00227-011-1795-3
PG 14
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 877RF
UT WOS:000299198900014
ER
PT J
AU Villarini, G
Vecchi, GA
Smith, JA
AF Villarini, Gabriele
Vecchi, Gabriel A.
Smith, James A.
TI US Landfalling and North Atlantic Hurricanes: Statistical Modeling of
Their Frequencies and Ratios
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID TROPICAL CYCLONE ACTIVITY; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURES; POISSON
REGRESSION-MODEL; GLOBAL ATMOSPHERIC MODEL; WEST-AFRICAN RAINFALL;
PACIFIC-OCEAN REGION; UNITED-STATES; EL-NINO; POTENTIAL INTENSITY;
STRONG ASSOCIATION
AB Time series of U.S. landfalling and North Atlantic hurricane counts and their ratios over the period 1878 2008 are modeled using tropical Atlantic sea surface temperature (SST), tropical mean SST, the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), and the Southern Oscillation index (SOI). Two SST input datasets are employed to examine the uncertainties in the reconstructed SST data on the modeling results. Because of the likely undercount of recorded hurricanes in the earliest part of the record, both the uncorrected hurricane dataset (HURDAT) and a time series with a recently proposed undercount correction are considered.
Modeling of the count data is performed using a conditional Poisson regression model, in which the rate of occurrence can depend linearly or nonlinearly on the climate indexes. Model selection is performed following a stepwise approach and using two penalty criteria. These results do not allow one to identify a single "best" model because of the different model configurations (different SST data, corrected versus uncorrected datasets, and penalty criteria). Despite the lack of an objectively identified unique final model, the authors recommend a set of models in which the parameter of the Poisson distribution depends linearly on tropical Atlantic and tropical mean SSTs.
Modeling of the fractions of North Atlantic hurricanes making U.S. landfall is performed using a binomial regression model. Similar to the count data, it is not possible to identify a single best model, but different model configurations are obtained depending on the SST data, undercount correction, and penalty criteria These results suggest that these fractions are controlled by local (related to the NAO) and remote (SOI and tropical mean SST) effects.
C1 [Villarini, Gabriele; Smith, James A.] Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Villarini, Gabriele] Willis Res Network, London, England.
[Vecchi, Gabriel A.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
RP Villarini, G (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM gvillari@princeton.edu
RI Vecchi, Gabriel/A-2413-2008; Villarini, Gabriele/F-8069-2016
OI Vecchi, Gabriel/0000-0002-5085-224X; Villarini,
Gabriele/0000-0001-9566-2370
FU Willis Research Network; NOAA Cooperative Institute for Climate Sciences
[NOAA CICS NA08OAR4320752]; National Science Foundation [CMMI-0653772]
FX This research was funded by the Willis Research Network, the NOAA
Cooperative Institute for Climate Sciences (Grant NOAA CICS
NA08OAR4320752), and the National Science Foundation (Grant
CMMI-0653772). The authors thank Dr. Stasinopoulos, Dr. Rigby, Dr.
Akantziliotou, and Dr. Harrell for making the GAMLSS (Stasinopoulos et
al. 2007) and Design package (Harrell 2009) freely available in R (R
Development Core Team 2008). The authors also acknowledge constructive
and helpful comments by two anonymous reviewers.
NR 139
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 2
U2 20
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
EI 1520-0493
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 140
IS 1
BP 44
EP 65
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-11-00063.1
PG 22
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 876TQ
UT WOS:000299131000003
ER
PT J
AU Rogers, R
Lorsolo, S
Reasor, P
Gamache, J
Marks, F
AF Rogers, Robert
Lorsolo, Sylve
Reasor, Paul
Gamache, John
Marks, Frank
TI Multiscale Analysis of Tropical Cyclone Kinematic Structure from
Airborne Doppler Radar Composites
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID HURRICANE BOUNDARY-LAYER; CONVECTIVE VERTICAL MOTIONS; SEA INTERACTION
THEORY; INNER CORE REGION; PART I; INTENSE HURRICANES; ISABEL 2003;
RAPID INTENSIFICATION; SCALE CHARACTERISTICS; EVOLUTION
AB The multiscale inner-core structure of mature tropical cyclones is presented via the use of composites of airborne Doppler radar analyses. The structure of the axisymmetric vortex and the convective and turbulent-scale properties within this axisymmetric framework are shown to be consistent with many previous studies focusing on individual cases or using different airborne data sources. On the vortex scale, these structures include the primary and secondary circulations, eve wall slope, decay of the tangential wind with height, low-level inflow layer and region of enhanced outflow, radial variation of convective and stratiform reflectivity. eyewall vorticity and divergence fields, and rainband signatures in the radial wind, vertical velocity, vorticity. and divergence composite mean and variance fields. Statistics of convective-scale fields and how they vary as a function of proximity to the radius of maximum wind show that the inner eyewall edge is associated with stronger updrafts and higher reflectivity and vorticity in the mean and have broader distributions for these fields compared with the outer radii. In addition, the reflectivity shows a clear characteristic of stratiform precipitation in the outer radii and the vorticity distribution is much more positively skewed along the inner eyewall than it is in the outer radii. Composites of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) show large values along the inner eyewall. in the hurricane boundary layer, and in a secondary region located at about 2-3 times the radius of maximum wind. This secondary peak in TKE is also consistent with a peak in divergence and in the variability of vorticity, and they suggest the presence of rainbands at this radial band.
C1 [Rogers, Robert; Reasor, Paul; Gamache, John; Marks, Frank] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Hurricane Res Div, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Lorsolo, Sylve] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL USA.
RP Rogers, R (reprint author), NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Hurricane Res Div, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM robert.rogers@noaa.gov
RI Marks, Frank/A-5733-2011; Rogers, Robert/I-4428-2013; Gamache,
John/A-9702-2014; Reasor, Paul/B-2932-2014
OI Marks, Frank/0000-0003-0371-5514; Gamache, John/0000-0001-5624-0378;
Reasor, Paul/0000-0001-6407-017X
FU NOAA
FX Our thanks go to Drs. Sim Aberson and Sundaraman Gopalakrishnan, and two
anonymous reviewers who provided many helpful comments to improve this
manuscript, and to Paul Leighton for providing the lower-fuselage
composites. We are grateful to all of the staff of NOAA's Aircraft
Operations Center who have tirelessly collected this data over many
years. Funding for this work was provided by NOAA base funds through the
NOAA Hurricane Forecast Improvement Project (HFIP).
NR 80
TC 38
Z9 40
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 140
IS 1
BP 77
EP 99
DI 10.1175/MWR-D-10-05075.1
PG 23
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 876TQ
UT WOS:000299131000005
ER
PT J
AU Akmaev, RA
AF Akmaev, Rashid A.
TI Correcting the Coriolis correlation
SO PHYSICS TODAY
LA English
DT Letter
C1 NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
RP Akmaev, RA (reprint author), NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
EM rashid.akmaev@noaa.gov
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0031-9228
J9 PHYS TODAY
JI Phys. Today
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 65
IS 1
BP 8
EP 9
PG 2
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 876TI
UT WOS:000299130200004
ER
PT J
AU Hunley, MT
Bhangale, AS
Kundu, S
Johnson, PM
Waters, MS
Gross, RA
Beers, KL
AF Hunley, Matthew T.
Bhangale, Atul S.
Kundu, Santanu
Johnson, Peter M.
Waters, Michael S.
Gross, Richard A.
Beers, Kathryn L.
TI In situ monitoring of enzyme-catalyzed (co)polymerizations by Raman
spectroscopy
SO POLYMER CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID RING-OPENING POLYMERIZATION; EPSILON-CAPROLACTONE; REACTIVITY RATIOS;
RADICAL COPOLYMERIZATION; POLYESTERS; LACTONE; BUTYROLACTONE;
DEGRADATION; MECHANISM
AB In situ, fiber optic-based Raman spectroscopy provided real time monitoring of enzyme-catalyzed ring-opening homo-and copolymerizations of epsilon-caprolactone (epsilon-CL) and delta-valerolactone (delta-VL). A custom designed reactor equipped with in situ fiber optic probe was used to measure monomer conversion as a function of time. The results from the in situ technique were in good agreement with those determined by offline H-1 NMR analysis. Monomer reactivity ratios for the lipase-catalyzed copolymerization of epsilon-CL and delta-VL were estimated using the Kelen-Tudos method as r(epsilon-CL) = 0.38 and r(delta-VL) = 0.29.
C1 [Bhangale, Atul S.; Gross, Richard A.] NYU, Polytech Inst, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA.
[Hunley, Matthew T.; Bhangale, Atul S.; Kundu, Santanu; Johnson, Peter M.; Waters, Michael S.; Beers, Kathryn L.] NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Gross, RA (reprint author), NYU, Polytech Inst, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA.
EM rgross@poly.edu; beers@nist.gov
RI Kundu, Santanu/B-6842-2008
FU Biocatalysis Center at Polytechnic Institute of NYU; National Research
Council
FX The authors would like to thank Novozyme for providing the N435 beads.
A.B. and R.G. thank the Industrial Members of the Biocatalysis Center at
Polytechnic Institute of NYU for their financial support of this
research. M.H. would like to acknowledge the support of the National
Research Council Fellowship Program.
NR 31
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 20
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1759-9954
J9 POLYM CHEM-UK
JI Polym. Chem.
PY 2012
VL 3
IS 2
BP 314
EP 318
DI 10.1039/c1py00447f
PG 5
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 874XK
UT WOS:000298991200008
ER
PT J
AU Huang, XL
Zhang, JZ
AF Huang, Xiao-Lan
Zhang, Jia-Zhong
TI Hydrolysis of glucose-6-phosphate in aged, acid-forced hydrolysed
nanomolar inorganic iron solutions-an inorganic biocatalyst?
SO RSC ADVANCES
LA English
DT Article
ID CATALYZED PHOSPHORYL TRANSFER; PHOSPHATE DIESTER HYDROLYSIS;
PEROXIDASE-LIKE ACTIVITY; BOVINE SPLEEN; SWEET-POTATO; BINUCLEAR
METALLOHYDROLASES; PROMOTED DEPHOSPHORYLATION; NUCLEOSIDE PHOSPHATES;
PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE; MECHANISTIC ASPECTS
AB Phosphate ester hydrolysis is one of the most important chemical processes in biological systems. Although catalysis by the natural phosphoesterases, e. g., purple acid phosphatase (PAP) and its biomimetics, are well known in biochemistry, it has been reported that some metals and mineral phases can significantly facilitate the hydrolysis of phosphate ester. Here we report for the first time that aged, acid-forced hydrolysed nanomolar inorganic iron solutions significantly promoted the hydrolysis of glucose-6-phosphate (G6P), and that the reaction kinetics followed the Michaelis-Menten equation. The catalysis was inhibited by tetrahedral oxyanions in an order of WO4 > MoO4 > PO4. The newly formed oxo-bridge or hydroxo-bridge during the iron-aging process might contribute to this biocatalytic effect, though the detailed mechanism is still unclear. Further studies are needed in order to understand the (hydr)oxo-bridged Fe-Fe structure in water and its role in organic phosphorus transformation. This catalyst might be one of many ubiquitous sets of inorganic enzymes yet to be discovered in nature that act as a bridge between the inorganic and organic worlds, and would have played a critical role in the origin of life.
C1 [Huang, Xiao-Lan] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, CIMAS, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Zhang, Jia-Zhong] NOAA, Ocean Chem Div, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Huang, XL (reprint author), Pegasus Tech Serv Inc, 46 E Hollister St, Cincinnati, OH 45219 USA.
EM xiaolan.huang@ymail.com
RI Zhang, Jia-Zhong/B-7708-2008; Huang, XiaoLan/G-6306-2012; Huang (黄),
Xiao-Lan (晓澜)/E-9159-2010
OI Zhang, Jia-Zhong/0000-0002-1138-2556; Huang (黄), Xiao-Lan
(晓澜)/0000-0002-3330-4858
FU NOAA's Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research
FX X.L.H. greatly appreciates the precious comments of Drs. R.J.P.
Williams, Michael J. Russell, Gerhard Schenk and Jianping Xu and
personal encouragements from Drs. Tsung-Hung Peng, Peter B. Ortner,
Robert Atlas and Mr. Yu-Dong Sun for this study. X. L. H also thanks Ms.
Gail Derr and Dr Raghuraman Venkatapathy for English editing. Financial
support for the experimental parts of the study was provided by NOAA's
Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research to J. Z. Z. All statements,
findings, conclusions and recommendations are of the authors and do not
necessarily reflect the views of Pegasus Technical Services Inc.,
University of Miami or NOAA or the U. S. Department of Commerce.
NR 153
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 11
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 2046-2069
J9 RSC ADV
JI RSC Adv.
PY 2012
VL 2
IS 1
BP 199
EP 208
DI 10.1039/c1ra00353d
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 876DD
UT WOS:000299086600022
ER
PT J
AU Levin, I
Krayzman, V
Chiu, C
Moon, KW
Bendersky, LA
AF Levin, I.
Krayzman, V.
Chiu, C.
Moon, K. -W.
Bendersky, L. A.
TI Local metal and deuterium ordering in the deuterated ZrTiNi C14 Laves
phase
SO ACTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Hydrogen storage; Laves phases; Neutron diffraction
ID REVERSE MONTE-CARLO; X-RAY; HYDROGEN ABSORPTION; TOTAL SCATTERING;
HYDRIDES; ALLOYS
AB Local structure of the hexagonal C14 Laves phase in an annealed approximately equiatomic ZrTiNi alloy was studied before and after deuteration using neutron total scattering. Rietveld refinements of the P6(3)/mmc AB(2) model demonstrate that the A-sites are shared by Zr and Ti, whereas the two non-equivalent B-sites are occupied by a mixture of Ti and Ni. Reverse Monte Carlo refinements using a joint fit of the neutron total scattering data in real and reciprocal spaces revealed significant short-range ordering of Ti and Ni on the B-sites. The refined Ti-Ni nearest-neighbor distances are appreciably shorter than the corresponding Ti-Ti and Ni-Ni distances. Nevertheless, the differences in the effective sizes of chemically distinct tetrahedral interstices (i.e. [Zr2Ti2], [Zr2TiNi], [Zr2Ni2], etc.), which are important for hydrogen absorption, remain rather small. Rietveld refinements of the structure of the deuterated sample TiZrNiD2.14 confirmed that deuterium occupies various [A(2)B(2)] tetrahedral interstices. RMC refinements suggested a strong preferential occupation of deuterium in the [Zr2Ti2] and [Zr2TiNi] tetrahedra whereas the [Zr2Ni2] sites remained nearly empty. These results support earlier models which predicted preferential occupancy by hydrogen in sites coordinated by metals that form the most stable binary hydrides. The deuterium atoms in the [Zr2TiNi] tetrahedra are displaced toward Ni. X-ray absorption near-edge structure measured for Ti, Zr, and Ni K-edges demonstrated that deuteration is accompanied by the reduction in the density of unoccupied electronic states (just above the Fermi level) associated with Ti and Zr. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc.
C1 [Levin, I.; Krayzman, V.; Chiu, C.; Moon, K. -W.; Bendersky, L. A.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Levin, I (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM igor.levin@nist.gov
RI Levin, Igor/F-8588-2010
FU Department of Energy Office of Basic Energy Sciences; Department of
Energy [W-7405-ENG-36]
FX This work has benefited from the use of the Lujan Center at Los Alamos
Neutron Science Center, funded by the Department of Energy Office of
Basic Energy Sciences, and Los Alamos National Laboratory, funded by the
Department of Energy under Contract W-7405-ENG-36. The authors are
grateful to Joan Siewenie (LANL) and Joseph Woicik (NIST) for their
technical assistance with the neutron and X-ray absorption measurements,
respectively. X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy and electron
back-scatter diffraction measurements were performed by Alexander Berner
(Technion - Israel Institute of Technology). Benjamin Chao and his
colleagues at Ovonic Hydrogen Systems, LLC are acknowledged for their
help with sample deuteration and ICP analyses.
NR 24
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 19
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6454
J9 ACTA MATER
JI Acta Mater.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 60
IS 2
BP 645
EP 656
DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2011.10.021
PG 12
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 869UA
UT WOS:000298622500019
ER
PT J
AU Bergh, C
Luongo, G
Wise, S
Ostman, C
AF Bergh, Caroline
Luongo, Giovanna
Wise, Stephen
Oestman, Conny
TI Organophosphate and phthalate esters in standard reference material 2585
organic contaminants in house dust
SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Organophosphate esters; Phthalate esters; Standard reference material
2585; Organic contaminants in house dust
ID POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; FLAME RETARDANTS; INDOOR ENVIRONMENTS;
SETTLED DUST; GAS-PHASE; AIR; PLASTICIZERS; ASSOCIATION; PESTICIDES;
SYMPTOMS
AB The levels of 22 phthalate diesters (phthalates) and organophosphate triesters (organophosphates) have been investigated in standard reference material 2585 (SRM 2585) "organic contaminants in house dust." Ultrasonic-assisted solvent extraction and solid-phase extraction on a Florisil adsorbent were used as the extraction and cleanup steps combined with analysis using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in positive ion chemical ionization mode. Seven phthalates were detected in the concentration range 1-570 mu g/g. Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate was the major phthalate present at 570 mu g/g. Ten organophosphates were detected in SRM 2585. Tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate was the predominant organophosphate at 82 mu g/g, and nine organophosphates were determined at concentrations ranging from 0.19 to 2.3 mu g/g. Five organophosphates were below the method detection limit, of which two were in level with the procedural blank. The applied extraction and cleanup method was evaluated for the analysis of SRM 2585. The extraction yield was a parts per thousand yen99%, except for tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (97%) and diethyl phthalate (98.5%). The problem of calibration curvature is addressed, and it is shown that the use of deuterated standards improves the analysis. The concentrations of ten organophosphate esters were determined in SRM 2585, and seven of these were compared with existing data. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the levels of the seven phthalates esters in SRM 2585 "organic contaminants in house dust.".
C1 [Bergh, Caroline; Luongo, Giovanna; Oestman, Conny] Stockholm Univ, Dept Analyt Chem, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Wise, Stephen] NIST, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Ostman, C (reprint author), Stockholm Univ, Dept Analyt Chem, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
EM conny.ostman@anchem.su.se
FU City of Stockholm Environment and Health Administration; Stockholm
County Council
FX This work has been partly funded by the City of Stockholm Environment
and Health Administration and the Stockholm County Council. We thank
Carmen Veneri for laboratory assistance during her undergraduate work at
the department. We also gratefully acknowledge Professor Ake Bergman and
Ioannis Athanassiadis at the Department of Material and Environmental
Chemistry, Stockholm University, for access and instrumental support of
the Varian GC-MS system.
NR 32
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U1 4
U2 83
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1618-2642
J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 402
IS 1
BP 51
EP 59
DI 10.1007/s00216-011-5440-2
PG 9
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 871PE
UT WOS:000298749300011
PM 22065343
ER
PT J
AU Striegel, AM
AF Striegel, Andre M.
TI Hydrodynamic chromatography: packed columns, multiple detectors, and
microcapillaries
SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Hydrodynamic chromatography; Multiple detection; Packed columns;
Microcapillaries; Particle sizing; Polymers; DNA
ID SIZE-EXCLUSION CHROMATOGRAPHY; FIELD-FLOW FRACTIONATION; DEGRADATION;
SEPARATION; POLYMER; MACROMOLECULES; TRANSITION; ALTERNAN; DNA
AB Hydrodynamic chromatography (HDC) is a liquid chromatographic technique that separates analytes on the basis of their size in solution. Separation can be conducted either in an open tube or in a column packed with inert, nonporous beads. In HDC, larger analytes elute first and smaller ones later, due to preferential sampling of the streamlines of flow in the open tube or in the interstitial medium of the packed column. Because of the low shear rates experienced in HDC, coupled with the wealth of information obtained when employing a multiplicity of detection methods, the technique has experienced a resurgence in recent years in both the particle sizing and macromolecular arenas, where it can provide information on the mutual interdependence of molar mass, size, shape, and compactness. Additionally, microcapillary HDC is also gaining popularity amongst the bioanalytical community, who have employed the technique, inter alia, to separate DNA fragments over a base pair range spanning four orders in magnitude. Here, examples from the literature are used to show how HDC has been applied in each of the aforementioned areas, explaining the information that can be obtained from various detector combinations, and opining on the future of the technique.
C1 [Striegel, Andre M.] Florida State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
RP Striegel, AM (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM striegel@chem.fsu.edu
NR 31
TC 19
Z9 20
U1 4
U2 36
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1618-2642
J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 402
IS 1
BP 77
EP 81
DI 10.1007/s00216-011-5334-3
PG 5
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 871PE
UT WOS:000298749300014
PM 21901463
ER
PT J
AU Sturgeon, RE
Lam, JW
Windust, A
Grinberg, P
Zeisler, R
Oflaz, R
Paul, RL
Lang, BE
Fagan, JA
Simard, B
Kingston, CT
AF Sturgeon, Ralph E.
Lam, Joseph W.
Windust, Anthony
Grinberg, Patricia
Zeisler, Rolf
Oflaz, Rabia
Paul, Rick L.
Lang, Brian E.
Fagan, Jeffrey A.
Simard, Benoit
Kingston, Christopher T.
TI Determination of moisture content of single-wall carbon nanotubes
SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Single-wall carbon nanotubes; Moisture determination; Oven drying;
Desiccator drying; Karl Fischer titration; Prompt gamma-ray activation
analysis
ID WATER; NANOPARTICLES; ADSORPTION; QUALITY
AB Several techniques were evaluated for the establishment of reliable water/moisture content of single-wall carbon nanotubes. Karl Fischer titration (KF) provides a direct measure of the water content and was used for benchmarking against results obtained by conventional oven drying, desiccation over anhydrous magnesium perchlorate as well as by thermogravimetry and prompt gamma-ray activation analysis. Agreement amongst results was satisfactory with the exception of thermogravimetry, although care must be taken with oven drying as it is possible to register mass gain after an initial moisture loss if prolonged drying time or elevated temperatures (120 A degrees C) are used. Thermogravimetric data were precise but a bias was evident that could be accounted for by considering the non-selective loss of mass as volatile carbonaceous components. Simple drying over anhydrous magnesium perchlorate for a minimum period of 8-10 days is recommended if KF is not available for this measurement.
C1 [Sturgeon, Ralph E.; Lam, Joseph W.; Windust, Anthony; Grinberg, Patricia] Natl Res Council Canada, Inst Natl Measurement Stand, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada.
[Zeisler, Rolf; Oflaz, Rabia; Paul, Rick L.] NIST, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Lang, Brian E.] NIST, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Fagan, Jeffrey A.] NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Simard, Benoit; Kingston, Christopher T.] Natl Res Council Canada, Mol & Nanomat Architecture Grp, Steacie Inst Mol Sci, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada.
RP Sturgeon, RE (reprint author), Natl Res Council Canada, Inst Natl Measurement Stand, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada.
EM ralph.sturgeon@nrc.ca
OI Fagan, Jeffrey/0000-0003-1483-5554; Lam, Joseph/0000-0001-6402-0535;
Sturgeon, Ralph/0000-0001-7304-3034; Grinberg,
Patricia/0000-0002-1167-6474
NR 27
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 25
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1618-2642
J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 402
IS 1
BP 429
EP 438
DI 10.1007/s00216-011-5509-y
PG 10
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 871PE
UT WOS:000298749300047
PM 22124752
ER
PT J
AU Sander, LC
Bedner, M
Tims, MC
Yen, JH
Duewer, DL
Porter, B
Christopher, SJ
Day, RD
Long, SE
Molloy, JL
Murphy, KE
Lang, BE
Lieberman, R
Wood, LJ
Payne, MJ
Roman, MC
Betz, JM
NguyenPho, A
Sharpless, KE
Wise, SA
AF Sander, L. C.
Bedner, M.
Tims, M. C.
Yen, J. H.
Duewer, D. L.
Porter, B.
Christopher, S. J.
Day, R. D.
Long, S. E.
Molloy, J. L.
Murphy, K. E.
Lang, B. E.
Lieberman, R.
Wood, L. J.
Payne, M. J.
Roman, M. C.
Betz, J. M.
NguyenPho, A.
Sharpless, K. E.
Wise, S. A.
TI Development and certification of green tea-containing standard reference
materials
SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Green tea; Camellia sinensis; Standard Reference Material; Catechins;
Xanthines; Toxic elements; Theanine
ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; MICELLAR ELECTROKINETIC
CHROMATOGRAPHY; COULOMETRIC ARRAY DETECTION; IONIZATION
MASS-SPECTROMETRY; MS-ELECTROSPRAY DETECTION; COMMERCIAL CANNED GREEN;
SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; GALLIC ACID; PURINE ALKALOIDS; INDIVIDUAL
CATECHINS
AB A suite of three green tea-containing Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) has been issued by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST): SRM 3254 Camellia sinensis (Green Tea) Leaves, SRM 3255 Camellia sinensis (Green Tea) Extract, and SRM 3256 Green Tea-Containing Solid Oral Dosage Form. The materials are characterized for catechins, xanthine alkaloids, theanine, and toxic elements. As many as five methods were used in assigning certified and reference values to the constituents, with measurements carried out at NIST and at collaborating laboratories. The materials are intended for use in the development and validation of new analytical methods, and for use as control materials as a component in the support of claims of metrological traceability.
C1 [Sander, L. C.; Bedner, M.; Tims, M. C.; Duewer, D. L.; Porter, B.; Long, S. E.; Molloy, J. L.; Murphy, K. E.; Lieberman, R.; Wood, L. J.; Sharpless, K. E.; Wise, S. A.] NIST, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Yen, J. H.] NIST, Stat Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Christopher, S. J.; Day, R. D.] NIST, Div Analyt Chem, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Lang, B. E.] NIST, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Payne, M. J.] Hershey Co, Hershey, PA 17033 USA.
[Roman, M. C.] Tampa Bay Analyt Res Inc, Largo, FL 33777 USA.
[Betz, J. M.] NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[NguyenPho, A.] US FDA, Ctr Drug Evaluat & Res CDER, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA.
RP Sander, LC (reprint author), NIST, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM lane.sander@nist.gov
FU National Institutes of Health, Office of Dietary Supplements
FX Partial funding for this work was provided by the National Institutes of
Health, Office of Dietary Supplements. M. Schantz and E. McGaw (NIST)
are acknowledged for pesticide screening of the three SRMs.
NR 59
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 13
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1618-2642
J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 402
IS 1
BP 473
EP 487
DI 10.1007/s00216-011-5472-7
PG 15
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 871PE
UT WOS:000298749300051
PM 22127575
ER
PT J
AU Edmunds, RC
Smith-Keune, C
van Herwerden, L
Fulton, CJ
Jerry, DR
AF Edmunds, Richard C.
Smith-Keune, Carolyn
van Herwerden, Lynne
Fulton, Christopher J.
Jerry, Dean R.
TI Exposing local adaptation: synergistic stressors elicit
population-specific lactate dehydrogenase-B (ldh-b) expression profiles
in Australian barramundi, Lates calcarifer
SO AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Thermal tolerance; Thermal stress; Aerobic challenge; Local adaptation
ID CORAL-REEF FISH; FUNDULUS-HETEROCLITUS; GENE-EXPRESSION; SWIMMING SPEED;
JUVENILE BARRAMUNDI; GROWTH EFFICIENCY; GADUS-MORHUA; TEMPERATURE;
PERFORMANCE; KILLIFISH
AB The molecular response of fish to independently and/or concurrently applied ecological stressors (e.g. thermal and/or aerobic stress) can be quantified at the level of transcript abundance (i.e. gene expression). In temperate fish, the expression of the metabolic candidate gene lactate dehydrogenase-B (ldh-b) responds to both aerobic swimming challenge and extended acclimation to various ecologically relevant temperatures. We examined hepatic ldh-b expression in juvenile Lates calcarifer from two geographically, genetically and thermally distinct Australian populations to determine if similar environmental stressors also influence the transcription of this locus in a tropical fish. Hepatic ldh-b expression was quantified following 28-day acclimation to ecologically relevant temperatures (20, 25, 30 and 35A degrees C). Expression was also quantified in L. calcarifer subjected to aerobic swimming challenge at these temperatures. Fish from southern (high latitude) and northern (low latitude) populations within this species' Australian distribution exhibited a significant increase in hepatic ldh-b expression following aerobic swimming challenge at native temperatures of 25 and 30A degrees C, respectively (p < 0.001). Southern and northern fish also exhibited significant increase in hepatic ldh-b expression (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01, respectively) following 28-day acclimation to heat-stress (35A degrees C). However, only southern fish exhibited significant increase in expression (p < 0.001) following 28-day acclimation to cold-stress (20A degrees C). The novel evidence presented herein suggests that (a) transcription of hepatic ldh-b is responsive to both aerobic and thermal stress when applied independently, and (b) southern Australian L. calcarifer populations may be locally adapted to cooler seasonal water temperatures.
C1 [Edmunds, Richard C.] NOAA, Environm Conservat Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Edmunds, Richard C.; Smith-Keune, Carolyn; van Herwerden, Lynne; Jerry, Dean R.] James Cook Univ, Sch Marine & Trop Biol, Mol Evolut & Ecol Lab, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
[Edmunds, Richard C.; Fulton, Christopher J.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.
RP Edmunds, RC (reprint author), NOAA, Environm Conservat Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM richard.c.edmunds@gmail.com
RI Jerry, Dean/B-3053-2012; Smith-Keune, Carolyn/F-3265-2011; van
Herwerden, Lynne/I-1087-2012; CSTFA, ResearcherID/P-1067-2014;
TropWATER, Research ID/P-1401-2014; Manager, MEEL/C-4732-2015; Fulton,
Christopher/A-5971-2008
OI van Herwerden, Lynne/0000-0001-6717-8995; Fulton,
Christopher/0000-0002-1140-1999
FU Research Advancement Program in Finfish Aquaculture
FX Thanks to Dianne Rowe (JCU) for laboratory assistance and Bill Foley
(ANU) for storage and transportation of tissue samples. This research
was funded by the Research Advancement Program in Finfish Aquaculture
Grant (LvH and DRJ).
NR 48
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 20
PU SPRINGER BASEL AG
PI BASEL
PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND
SN 1015-1621
J9 AQUAT SCI
JI Aquat. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 74
IS 1
BP 171
EP 178
DI 10.1007/s00027-011-0208-5
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 871PT
UT WOS:000298750900014
ER
PT J
AU France, K
Burgh, EB
Herczeg, GJ
Schindhelm, E
Yang, H
Abgrall, H
Roueff, E
Brown, A
Brown, JM
Linsky, JL
AF France, Kevin
Burgh, Eric B.
Herczeg, Gregory J.
Schindhelm, Eric
Yang, Hao
Abgrall, Herve
Roueff, Evelyne
Brown, Alexander
Brown, Joanna M.
Linsky, Jeffrey L.
TI CO AND H-2 ABSORPTION IN THE AA TAURI CIRCUMSTELLAR DISK
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE protoplanetary disks; stars: individual (AA Tau)
ID MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN EMISSION; FAR-ULTRAVIOLET CONTINUUM; PLANET-FORMING
REGION; MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; LY-ALPHA RADIATION; T-TAURI; PROTOPLANETARY
DISKS; MAGNETOSPHERIC ACCRETION; CARBON-MONOXIDE; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM
AB The direct study of molecular gas in inner protoplanetary disks is complicated by uncertainties in the spatial distribution of the gas, the time variability of the source, and the comparison of observations across a wide range of wavelengths. Some of these challenges can be mitigated with far-ultraviolet spectroscopy. Using new observations obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope Cosmic Origins Spectrograph, we measure column densities and rovibrational temperatures for CO and H-2 observed on the line of sight through the AA Tauri circumstellar disk. CO A - X absorption bands are observed against the far-UV continuum. The CO absorption is characterized by log(10)(N((CO)-C-12)) = 17.5 +/- 0.5 cm(-2) and T-rot(CO) = 500(-200)(+500) K, although this rotational temperature may underestimate the local kinetic temperature of the CO-bearing gas. We also detect (CO)-C-13 in absorption with an isotopic ratio of similar to 20. We do not observe H-2 absorption against the continuum; however, hot H-2 (v > 0) is detected in absorption against the Ly alpha emission line. We measure the column densities in eight individual rovibrational tates, determining a total log(10)(N(H-2)) = 17.9(-0.3)(+ 0.6) cm(-2) with a thermal temperature of T(H-2) = 2500(-700)(+800) K. The high temperature of the molecules, the relatively small H-2 column density, and the high inclination of the AA Tauri disk suggest that the absorbing gas resides in an inner disk atmosphere. If the H-2 and CO are cospatial within a molecular layer similar to 0.6 AU thick, this region is characterized by < n(H2)> similar to 10(5) cm(-3) with an observed < CO/H-2 > ratio of similar to 0.4. We also find evidence for a departure from a purely thermal H-2 distribution, suggesting that excitation by continuum photons and H-2 formation may be altering the level populations in the molecular gas.
C1 [France, Kevin; Burgh, Eric B.; Schindhelm, Eric; Brown, Alexander] Univ Colorado, Ctr Astrophys & Space Astron, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Herczeg, Gregory J.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85741 Garching, Germany.
[Yang, Hao; Linsky, Jeffrey L.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Yang, Hao; Linsky, Jeffrey L.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Abgrall, Herve; Roueff, Evelyne] Observ Paris, CNRS, Sect Meudon, UMR 8102, F-92195 Meudon, France.
[Abgrall, Herve; Roueff, Evelyne] LUTH, F-92195 Meudon, France.
[Brown, Joanna M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP France, K (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Ctr Astrophys & Space Astron, 389 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM kevin.france@colorado.edu
RI Yang, Hao/F-8396-2014;
OI Yang, Hao/0000-0002-9423-2333; Herczeg, Gregory/0000-0002-7154-6065
FU NASA [NAS 5-26555, NNX08AC146, NAS5-98043]; Agence Nationale de La
Recherche (ANR, France) [09-BLAN-020901]
FX Based on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope,
obtained from the data archive at the Space Telescope Science Institute.
STScI is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in
Astronomy, Inc. under NASA contract NAS 5-26555.; K.F. appreciates the
hospitality of Poker Flat Research Range, operated by the University of
Alaska's Geophysical Institute, where a portion of this work was carried
out. We thank Naseem Rangwala for helpful discussions about CO level
populations, M. Eidelsberg for providing CO wavelengths and oscillator
strengths used in this work, and an anonymous referee for suggestions
that improved the quality of the paper. This work makes use of data
obtained through HST guest observing program 11616 and was supported by
NASA grants NNX08AC146 and NAS5-98043 to the University of Colorado at
Boulder. H.A. and E.R. acknowledge the partial support of the Agence
Nationale de La Recherche (ANR, France) through the contract"SUMOSTA,"
N0. 09-BLAN-020901.
NR 84
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 5
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD JAN 1
PY 2012
VL 744
IS 1
AR 22
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/744/1/22
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 866TY
UT WOS:000298408300022
ER
PT J
AU Green, JC
Froning, CS
Osterman, S
Ebbets, D
Heap, SH
Leitherer, C
Linsky, JL
Savage, BD
Sembach, K
Shull, JM
Siegmund, OHW
Snow, TP
Spencer, J
Stern, SA
Stocke, J
Welsh, B
Beland, S
Burgh, EB
Danforth, C
France, K
Keeney, B
McPhate, J
Penton, SV
Andrews, J
Brownsberger, K
Morse, J
Wilkinson, E
AF Green, James C.
Froning, Cynthia S.
Osterman, Steve
Ebbets, Dennis
Heap, Sara H.
Leitherer, Claus
Linsky, Jeffrey L.
Savage, Blair D.
Sembach, Kenneth
Shull, J. Michael
Siegmund, Oswald H. W.
Snow, Theodore P.
Spencer, John
Stern, S. Alan
Stocke, John
Welsh, Barry
Beland, Stephane
Burgh, Eric B.
Danforth, Charles
France, Kevin
Keeney, Brian
McPhate, Jason
Penton, Steven V.
Andrews, John
Brownsberger, Kenneth
Morse, Jon
Wilkinson, Erik
TI THE COSMIC ORIGINS SPECTROGRAPH
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE instrumentation: spectrographs; ultraviolet: general
ID LY-ALPHA FOREST; ULTRAVIOLET-SPECTROSCOPIC-EXPLORER; FLUORESCENT H-2
EMISSION; HOT INTERGALACTIC MEDIUM; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; STAR-FORMING
GALAXIES; HIGH-VELOCITY CLOUD; LOW-REDSHIFT; T-TAURI; HST/COS
OBSERVATIONS
AB The Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) is a moderate-resolution spectrograph with unprecedented sensitivity that was installed into the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) in 2009 May, during HST Servicing Mission 4 (STS-125). We present the design philosophy and summarize the key characteristics of the instrument that will be of interest to potential observers. For faint targets, with flux F(lambda) approximate to 1.0 x 10(-14) erg cm(-2) s(-1) angstrom(-1), COS can achieve comparable signal to noise (when compared to Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph echelle modes) in 1%-2% of the observing time. This has led to a significant increase in the total data volume and data quality available to the community. For example, in the first 20 months of science operation (2009 September-2011 June) the cumulative redshift pathlength of extragalactic sight lines sampled by COS is nine times than sampled at moderate resolution in 19 previous years of Hubble observations. COS programs have observed 214 distinct lines of sight suitable for study of the intergalactic medium as of 2011 June. COS has measured, for the first time with high reliability, broad Ly alpha absorbers and Ne VIII in the intergalactic medium, and observed the He II reionization epoch along multiple sightlines. COS has detected the first CO emission and absorption in the UV spectra of low-mass circumstellar disks at the epoch of giant planet formation, and detected multiple ionization states of metals in extra-solar planetary atmospheres. In the coming years, COS will continue its census of intergalactic gas, probe galactic and cosmic structure, and explore physics in our solar system and Galaxy.
C1 [Green, James C.; Shull, J. Michael; Snow, Theodore P.; Stocke, John] Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Green, James C.; Froning, Cynthia S.; Osterman, Steve; Shull, J. Michael; Snow, Theodore P.; Stocke, John; Beland, Stephane; Burgh, Eric B.; Danforth, Charles; France, Kevin; Keeney, Brian; Penton, Steven V.] Univ Colorado, Ctr Astrophys & Space Astron, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Ebbets, Dennis; Brownsberger, Kenneth] Ball Aerosp & Technol Corp, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
[Heap, Sara H.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Leitherer, Claus; Sembach, Kenneth] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Linsky, Jeffrey L.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Linsky, Jeffrey L.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Savage, Blair D.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Siegmund, Oswald H. W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Spencer, John; Stern, S. Alan; Andrews, John; Wilkinson, Erik] SW Res Inst, Boulder, CO 80302 USA.
[Welsh, Barry; McPhate, Jason] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Morse, Jon] NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC 20546 USA.
RP Green, JC (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, 391-UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
FU NASA [NAS5-98043, NAG5-12279, NNX08AC14G]
FX The authors thank the entire team at Goddard Space Flight Center, Ball
Aerospace, JY Horiba, and the Space Telescope Science Institute for
making the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph a reality. Literally hundreds of
people contributed to its success. We especially thank Hsiao Smith, Jean
Flammand, Francis Bonnemason, and Francis Cepollina for their years of
service to the program. We also thank Gregory Herczeg for providing the
AA Tau data. This work was supported by NASA programs NAS5-98043,
NAG5-12279, and NNX08AC14G.
NR 84
TC 158
Z9 158
U1 1
U2 10
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD JAN 1
PY 2012
VL 744
IS 1
AR 60
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/744/1/60
PG 15
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 866TY
UT WOS:000298408300060
ER
PT J
AU Lee, TR
De Wekker, SFJ
Andrews, AE
Kofler, J
Williams, J
AF Lee, Temple R.
De Wekker, Stephan F. J.
Andrews, Arlyn E.
Kofler, Jonathan
Williams, Jonathan
TI Carbon dioxide variability during cold front passages and fair weather
days at a forested mountaintop site
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Carbon dioxide; Cold fronts; Blue Ridge Mountains
ID ATMOSPHERIC CO2; TALL TOWER; SURFACE-ANALYSIS; NORTH-AMERICA;
UNITED-STATES; EXCHANGE; OZONE; TRANSPORT; SYSTEMS; FLUXES
AB This study describes temporal carbon dioxide (CO2) changes at a new meteorological site on a mountaintop in the Virginia Blue Ridge Mountains during the first year of measurements. Continental mountaintop locations are increasingly being used for CO2 monitoring, and investigations are needed to better understand measurements made at these locations. We focus on CO2 mixing ratio changes on days with cold front passages and on fair weather days. Changes in CO2 mixing ratios are largest during cold front passages outside the growing season and on clear, fair weather days in the growing season. 67% (60%) of the frontal passages during the non-growing (growing) season have larger postfrontal than prefrontal CO2 mixing ratios. The increase in CO2 mixing ratio around the frontal passage is short-lived and coincides with changes in CO and O-3. The CO2 increase can therefore be used as an additional criterion to determine the timing of frontal passages at the mountaintop station. The CO2 increase can be explained by an accumulation of trace gases along frontal boundaries. The magnitude and duration of the CO2 increase is affected by the wind speed and direction that determine the source region of the postfrontal air. Southward-moving fronts result in the largest prolonged period of elevated CO2, consistent with the postfrontal advection of air from the Northeastern United States where anthropogenic contributions are relatively large compared to other areas in the footprint of the mountaintop station. These anthropogenic contributions to the CO2 changes are confirmed through concurrent CO measurements and output from NOAA's CarbonTracker model. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lee, Temple R.; De Wekker, Stephan F. J.] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
[Andrews, Arlyn E.; Kofler, Jonathan; Williams, Jonathan] NOAA ESRL, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Lee, TR (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, POB 400123,Clark Hall, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
EM trl2y@virginia.edu
RI Andrews, Arlyn/K-3427-2012;
OI De Wekker, Stephan/0000-0002-6343-854X
NR 45
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 12
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 46
BP 405
EP 416
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.09.068
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 871UM
UT WOS:000298763200044
ER
PT J
AU Maurer, JJ
Hudson, JL
Fick, SE
Moffat, TP
Shaw, GA
AF Maurer, Joseph J.
Hudson, John L.
Fick, Steven E.
Moffat, Thomas P.
Shaw, Gordon A.
TI Electrochemical Micromachining of NiTi Shape Memory Alloys with
Ultrashort Voltage Pulses
SO ELECTROCHEMICAL AND SOLID STATE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID MACHINING CHARACTERISTICS; NICKEL-TITANIUM; FILM; LAYER; TINI
AB Electrochemical micromachining (ECMM) with ultrashort voltage pulses has been used to fabricate microstructures on a NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA). Because of its unique properties, NiTi is a desirable material for use in various applications including medical devices and actuators. ECMM is a heat-free, strain-free, and mask-free method for microfabrication, and therefore well suited for use with shape memory alloys. Microstructures were machined to a depth of 3 mu m on NiTi surfaces, and the lateral resolution of the machining was found to be dependent on the duration of the voltage pulses used. (C) 2011 The Electrochemical Society. [DOI: 10.1149/2.002202esl] All rights reserved.
C1 [Maurer, Joseph J.; Hudson, John L.] Univ Virginia, Dept Chem Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
[Fick, Steven E.; Moffat, Thomas P.; Shaw, Gordon A.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20878 USA.
RP Maurer, JJ (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Chem Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
EM gordon.shaw@nist.gov
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology Research
[SB1341-07-CN-0047]
FX The authors would like to acknowledge Dr. Adam Creuziger of NIST for his
assistance in polishing the NiTi, and helpful discussion of its
properties. We would also like to acknowledge Dr. Stephen Banovic of
NIST for the use of his polishing facilities, David Kelley of NIST for
help in preparing the NiTi workpieces, and Dr. John Bonevich of NIST for
his assistance with the SEM. J.J. Maurer and J.L. Hudson would also like
to acknowledge the National Institute of Standards and Technology
Research Grant # SB1341-07-CN-0047 for support for this research. This
article is authored by employees of the U.S. federal government.
Commercial equipment and materials are identified in order to adequately
specify certain procedures. In no case does such identification imply
recommendation or endorsement by the National Institute of Standards and
Technology, nor does it imply that the materials or equipment identified
are necessarily the best available for the purpose.
NR 32
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 4
U2 22
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA
SN 1099-0062
EI 1944-8775
J9 ELECTROCHEM SOLID ST
JI Electrochem. Solid State Lett.
PY 2012
VL 15
IS 2
BP D8
EP D10
DI 10.1149/2.002202esl
PG 3
WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science
GA 864PP
UT WOS:000298252500006
ER
PT J
AU Apeti, DA
Whitall, DR
Pait, AS
Dieppa, A
Zitello, AG
Lauenstein, GG
AF Apeti, Dennis A.
Whitall, David R.
Pait, Anthony S.
Dieppa, Angel
Zitello, Adam G.
Lauenstein, Gunnar G.
TI Characterization of land-based sources of pollution in Jobos Bay, Puerto
Rico: status of heavy metal concentration in bed sediment
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Surficial sediment; Heavy metals; Grain size; Total organic carbon;
Land-based sources
ID TRACE-METALS; FLORIDA; ESTUARINE; ELEMENT; MARINE; US
AB As part of an assessment of land-based sources of pollution in Jobos Bay, Puerto Rico, sediment samples were collected at 43 sites to characterize concentrations of a suite of pollutants, including metals. Fifteen major and trace metals (Ag, Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn, and Zn) were measured along with total organic carbon and grain size in surficial sediments. For most metals, maximum concentrations were seen in the eastern bay; however, values were still within concentration ranges found in other estuarine systems. In contrast, silver was higher in the western region. In general, metal distribution in the bay was positively correlated with grain size. Additionally, correlations between Al and other metals suggest natural sources for metals. The data presented here suggest that, although the Jobos Bay watershed contains both urban centers along with industrial and agricultural developments, anthropogenic inputs of metals may be negligible.
C1 [Apeti, Dennis A.; Whitall, David R.; Pait, Anthony S.; Zitello, Adam G.; Lauenstein, Gunnar G.] Natl Ctr Coastal & Ocean Sci, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Ctr Coastal Monitoring & Assessment, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Dieppa, Angel] Jobos Bay Natl Estuarine Res Reserve, Aguirre, PR 00704 USA.
RP Apeti, DA (reprint author), Natl Ctr Coastal & Ocean Sci, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Ctr Coastal Monitoring & Assessment, 1305 East West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM Dennis.Apeti@noaa.gov
FU NOAA; USDA
FX We would like to acknowledge NOAA's Coral Reef Conservation Program
(CRCP) and the USDA Conservation Effects Assessment Program for funding
the project. We would also like to thank Captain Claudio Burgos of the
Jobos Bay NERR for his skill and patient captaining of the Estuarino
during the collection of samples for this project. Also, the authors
would like to acknowledge Kevin McMahon (NOAA) for his critical review
and helpful comments.
NR 40
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-6369
J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS
JI Environ. Monit. Assess.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 184
IS 2
BP 811
EP 830
DI 10.1007/s10661-011-2003-0
PG 20
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 868EB
UT WOS:000298505400014
PM 21509514
ER
PT J
AU Petersen, EJ
Henry, TB
AF Petersen, Elijah J.
Henry, Theodore B.
TI Methodological considerations for testing the ecotoxicity of carbon
nanotubes and fullerenes: Review
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Nanomaterials; Single-walled carbon nanotubes; Multiwalled carbon
nanotubes; Daphnia magna; Fullerenes
ID NEAR-INFRARED FLUORESCENCE; NATURAL ORGANIC-MATTER; ZEBRAFISH
DANIO-RERIO; IN-VIVO; ENGINEERED NANOPARTICLES; DAPHNIA-MAGNA;
PHOTOCHEMICAL TRANSFORMATION; MANUFACTURED NANOMATERIALS; ENVIRONMENTAL
APPLICATIONS; LUMBRICULUS-VARIEGATUS
AB The recent emergence of manufactured nanoparticles (NPs) that are released into the environment and lead to exposure in organisms has accelerated the need to determine NP toxicity. Techniques for measuring the toxicity of NPs (nanotoxicology) in ecological receptors (nanoecotoxicology) are in their infancy, however, and establishing standardized ecotoxicity tests for NPs are presently limited by several factors. These factors include the extent of NP characterization necessary (or possible) before, during, and after toxicity tests such that toxic effects can be related to physicochemical characteristics of NPs; determining uptake and distribution of NPs within exposed organisms (does uptake occur or are effects exerted at organism surfaces?); and determining the appropriate types of controls to incorporate into ecotoxicity tests with NPs. In this review, the authors focus on the important elements of measuring the ecotoxicity of carbon NPs (CNPs) and make recommendations for ecotoxicology testing that should enable more rigorous interpretations of collected data and interlaboratory comparisons. This review is intended to serve as a next step toward developing standardized tests that can be incorporated into a regulatory framework for CNPs. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012;31:6072. (C) 2011 SETAC
C1 [Petersen, Elijah J.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Henry, Theodore B.] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Environm Biotechnol, Knoxville, TN 37932 USA.
[Henry, Theodore B.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, Knoxville, TN USA.
[Henry, Theodore B.] Univ Plymouth, Sch Biomed & Biol Sci, Plymouth PL4 8AA, Devon, England.
RP Petersen, EJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM elijah.petersen@nist.gov
RI Petersen, Elijah/E-3034-2013; Geracitano, Laura/E-6926-2013;
OI Henry, Theodore/0000-0002-9675-9454
NR 131
TC 63
Z9 64
U1 1
U2 69
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0730-7268
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 31
IS 1
SI SI
BP 60
EP 72
DI 10.1002/etc.710
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 860ED
UT WOS:000297930700006
PM 21994158
ER
PT J
AU Quarrell, OW
Handley, O
O'Donovan, K
Dumoulin, C
Ramos-Arroyo, M
Biunno, I
Bauer, P
Kline, M
Landwehrmeyer, GB
AF Quarrell, Oliver W.
Handley, Olivia
O'Donovan, Kirsty
Dumoulin, Christine
Ramos-Arroyo, Maria
Biunno, Ida
Bauer, Peter
Kline, Margaret
Landwehrmeyer, G. Bernhard
CA European Huntington's Dis Network
TI Discrepancies in reporting the CAG repeat lengths for Huntington's
disease
SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Huntington's disease; CAG repeat length; standard reference materials
ID TRINUCLEOTIDE REPEAT; CHROMOSOMES; GENE
AB Huntington's disease results from a CAG repeat expansion within the Huntingtin gene; this is measured routinely in diagnostic laboratories. The European Huntington's Disease Network REGISTRY project centrally measures CAG repeat lengths on fresh samples; these were compared with the original results from 121 laboratories across 15 countries. We report on 1326 duplicate results; a discrepancy in reporting the upper allele occurred in 51% of cases, this reduced to 13.3% and 9.7% when we applied acceptable measurement errors proposed by the American College of Medical Genetics and the Draft European Best Practice Guidelines, respectively. Duplicate results were available for 1250 lower alleles; discrepancies occurred in 40% of cases. Clinically significant discrepancies occurred in 4.0% of cases with a potential unexplained misdiagnosis rate of 0.3%. There was considerable variation in the discrepancy rate among 10 of the countries participating in this study. Out of 1326 samples, 348 were re-analysed by an accredited diagnostic laboratory, based in Germany, with concordance rates of 93% and 94% for the upper and lower alleles, respectively. This became 100% if the acceptable measurement errors were applied. The central laboratory correctly reported allele sizes for six standard reference samples, blind to the known result. Our study differs from external quality assessment (EQA) schemes in that these are duplicate results obtained from a large sample of patients across the whole diagnostic range. We strongly recommend that laboratories state an error rate for their measurement on the report, participate in EQA schemes and use reference materials regularly to adjust their own internal standards. European Journal of Human Genetics (2012) 20, 20-26; doi:10.1038/ejhg.2011.136; published online 3 August 2011
C1 [Quarrell, Oliver W.; O'Donovan, Kirsty] Sheffield Childrens Hosp, Dept Clin Genet, Sheffield S10 2TH, S Yorkshire, England.
[Handley, Olivia] Univ London, Inst Neurol, London, England.
[Dumoulin, Christine] Inst Pathol & Genet, Ctr Genet Humaine, Charleroi, Gosselies, Belgium.
[Ramos-Arroyo, Maria] Complejo Hosp Pamplona, Dept Med Genet, Pamplona, Spain.
[Biunno, Ida] ITB CNR & BioRep, Milan, Italy.
[Bauer, Peter] Univ Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany.
[Kline, Margaret] NIST, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Landwehrmeyer, G. Bernhard] Univ Hosp Ulm, Dept Neurol, Ulm, Germany.
RP Quarrell, OW (reprint author), Sheffield Childrens Hosp, Dept Clin Genet, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TH, S Yorkshire, England.
EM Oliver.quarrell@sch.nhs.uk
RI Di Donato, Stefano/B-9717-2012; Boelmans, Kai/J-9678-2012; nanetti,
lorenzo/A-7361-2013; Gago, Miguel/F-2355-2015; Almeida Garrett, Maria
Carolina/A-5332-2012;
OI Mandich, Paola/0000-0003-3123-3512; Wild, Edward/0000-0002-6921-7887;
Rizzo, Giovanni/0000-0002-9718-2044; Landwehrmeyer, Georg
Bernhard/0000-0003-3375-790X; Romano, Silvia/0000-0003-0499-8843;
Tabrizi, Sarah/0000-0003-2716-2045; Gago, Miguel/0000-0003-0894-6207;
Almeida Garrett, Maria Carolina/0000-0003-3336-3302; Cavaco,
Sara/0000-0001-7428-2854; BAS, JORDI/0000-0002-4478-421X; Calopa,
Matilde/0000-0002-6943-3707; Rosser, Anne/0000-0002-4716-4753; Di Maria,
Emilio/0000-0002-8357-2658
FU Cure Huntington's Disease Initiative
FX G Bernhard Landwehrmeyer received research grants from CHDI and
honoraria from Siena Biotech for consultations as well as compensation
for the conduct of clinical trials from Amarin, Neurosearch, Novartis
and Medivation. The remaining authors declare no conflict of interest.;
The REGISTRY project is funded by the Cure Huntington's Disease
Initiative. We thank Simon Patton from EMQN for reviewing the list of
laboratories participating in this study and stating the number
participating in the 2009 EMQN EQA.
NR 14
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 22
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1018-4813
J9 EUR J HUM GENET
JI Eur. J. Hum. Genet.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 20
IS 1
BP 20
EP 26
DI 10.1038/ejhg.2011.136
PG 7
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 863MF
UT WOS:000298167700008
PM 21811303
ER
PT J
AU Kuligowski, ED
AF Kuligowski, Erica D.
TI The Significance of Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics
SO FIRE TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Kuligowski, ED (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM erica.kuligowski@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0015-2684
J9 FIRE TECHNOL
JI Fire Technol.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 48
IS 1
SI SI
BP 1
EP 2
DI 10.1007/s10694-011-0232-y
PG 2
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 870GY
UT WOS:000298658500001
ER
PT J
AU Rupp, DE
Wainwright, TC
Lawson, PW
Peterson, WT
AF Rupp, David E.
Wainwright, Thomas C.
Lawson, Peter W.
Peterson, William T.
TI Marine environment-based forecasting of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus
kisutch) adult recruitment
SO FISHERIES OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE climate; coho salmon; forecast; generalized additive model; Pacific
Decadal Oscillation
ID OREGON PRODUCTION AREA; PACIFIC-SALMON; CHINOOK SALMON; BIOLOGICAL
PRODUCTIVITY; UPWELLING SYSTEMS; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; OCEAN CONDITIONS;
NORTH PACIFIC; SURVIVAL; FISH
AB Generalized additive models (GAMs) were used to investigate the relationships between annual recruitment of natural coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) from Oregon coastal rivers and indices of the physical ocean environment. Nine indices were examined, ranging from large-scale ocean indicators, e.g., Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), to indicators of the local ecosystem (e.g., coastal water temperature near Charleston, OR). Generalized additive models with two and three predictor variables were evaluated using a set of performance metrics aimed at quantifying model skill in short-term (approximately 1 yr) forecasting. High explanatory power and promising forecast skill resulted when the spring/summer PDO averaged over the 4 yr prior to the return year was used to explain a low-frequency (multi-year) pattern in recruitment and one or two additional variables accounted for year-to-year deviations from the low-frequency pattern. More variance was explained when averaging the predictions from a set of models (i.e., taking the ensemble mean) than by any single model. Making multiple forecasts from a set of models also provided a range of possible outcomes that reflected, to some degree, the uncertainty in our understanding of how salmon productivity is driven by physical ocean conditions.
C1 [Rupp, David E.] Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Cooperat Inst Marine Resources Studies, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Wainwright, Thomas C.; Lawson, Peter W.; Peterson, William T.] NOAA NMFS, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
RP Rupp, DE (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Oregon Climate Change Res Inst, Coll Ocean & Atmospher Sci, 326 Strand Ag Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM david.rupp@oregonstate.edu
RI Wainwright, Thomas/F-4550-2010; Rupp, David/G-8171-2014
OI Wainwright, Thomas/0000-0001-5147-479X;
FU NOAA Fisheries and the Environment (FATE) [09-10]
FX This work was supported by the NOAA Fisheries and the Environment (FATE)
program (project #09-10). We thank Jim Ruzicka for his thoughtful input
and Brian Burke, Robert Kope, Ed Casillas and three anonymous reviewers
for their comments and suggestions on an earlier draft of this paper.
NR 60
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 18
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1054-6006
EI 1365-2419
J9 FISH OCEANOGR
JI Fish Oceanogr.
PY 2012
VL 21
IS 1
BP 1
EP 19
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2011.00605.x
PG 19
WC Fisheries; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Oceanography
GA 858KC
UT WOS:000297794600001
ER
PT J
AU Werner, S
AF Werner, Sam
TI Observation of Berry's Geometric Phase by Neutron Interferometry
SO FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Berry's geometric phase; Neutron interferometry; Spin precession;
Dynamical phase
ID PANCHARATNAM PHASE; TOPOLOGICAL PHASE; DYNAMICAL PHASES; 2PI ROTATIONS;
PRECESSION; OBSERVABILITY; DIFFRACTION; FERMIONS
AB On the 25th anniversary of Berry's historic papers on the geometric phase, I discuss here our neutron interferometry experiment in which this phase is clearly separated from the dynamical phase. The connection of this experiment to the observation of the sign reversal of the wave function of a fermion during a 2 pi precession in a magnetic field by three groups independently in 1975 is discussed.
C1 NIST, Phys Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Werner, S (reprint author), NIST, Phys Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM sam.werner@verizon.net
NR 37
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0015-9018
J9 FOUND PHYS
JI Found. Phys.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 42
IS 1
BP 122
EP 139
DI 10.1007/s10701-010-9526-z
PG 18
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 869PE
UT WOS:000298609400012
ER
PT J
AU Chadwick, WW
Dziak, RP
Haxel, JH
Embley, RW
Matsumoto, H
AF Chadwick, W. W., Jr.
Dziak, R. P.
Haxel, J. H.
Embley, R. W.
Matsumoto, H.
TI Submarine landslide triggered by volcanic eruption recorded by in situ
hydrophone
SO GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID STROMBOLI VOLCANO; DECEMBER 2002; TSUNAMI; RIDGE
AB NW Rota-1 is a submarine volcano in the Mariana volcanic arc that is notable as the site where underwater explosive eruptions were first witnessed in A. D. 2004. After years of continuous low-level eruptive activity, a major landslide occurred at NW Rota-1 in August 2009, triggered by an unusually large eruption that produced 10 times the acoustic energy of the background level of activity. An anomalous earthquake swarm preceded the eruption, suggesting that the sequence started with a magmatic intrusion and associated faulting beneath the volcano. We quantify the size and extent of the landslide using bathymetric resurveys and interpret the timing of events using data from an in situ hydrophone. This is the first instrumental documentation of an earthquake-eruption-landslide sequence at a submarine volcano, and illustrates the close interaction between magmatic activity and mass wasting events in the growth of undersea arc volcanoes.
C1 [Chadwick, W. W., Jr.; Dziak, R. P.; Haxel, J. H.; Matsumoto, H.] Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Embley, R. W.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
RP Chadwick, WW (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
EM bill.chadwick@noaa.gov
FU National Science Foundation [OCE-0751776]; National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration
FX This work was funded by National Science Foundation grant OCE-0751776;
additional support was provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration's Ocean Exploration and Vents Programs. The crews of R/V
Thompson, R/V Kilo Moana, and ROV Jason provided outstanding logistical
support for this research. Susan Merle processed the multibeam sonar
data in Figure 1. Discussions with Del Bohnenstiehl, Ashley Shuler,
Frank Trusdell, Jim Dixon, Kanoa Koyanagi, Marie Eble, Mick Spillane,
and Vasily Titov were very helpful. Reviews by Jackie Caplan-Auerbach,
Maya Tolstoy, and an anonymous reviewer improved the manuscript. This is
Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory contribution 3716.
NR 30
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 3
U2 12
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0091-7613
J9 GEOLOGY
JI Geology
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 40
IS 1
BP 51
EP 54
DI 10.1130/G32495.1
PG 4
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA 866VK
UT WOS:000298414000013
ER
PT J
AU Bianga, J
Ballihaut, G
Pecheyran, C
Touat, Z
Preud'homme, H
Mounicou, S
Chavatte, L
Lobinski, R
Szpunar, J
AF Bianga, Juliusz
Ballihaut, Guillaume
Pecheyran, Christophe
Touat, Zahia
Preud'homme, Hugues
Mounicou, Sandra
Chavatte, Laurent
Lobinski, Ryszard
Szpunar, Joanna
TI Detection of selenoproteins in human cell extracts by laser ablation-ICP
MS after separation by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and blotting
SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Article
ID PLASMA-MASS SPECTROMETRY; SELENIUM
AB Laser ablation-ICP MS was optimized for the sensitive detection of selenoproteins in polyacrylamide gel and PVDF membrane after blotting. For this purpose, two interlaboratory reference samples were prepared: glutathione peroxidase band in the gel and on the membrane, respectively. The optimisation was carried out using two systems: 213 nm laser (Newwave)-Agilent 7500ce ICP MS, and a 1030 nm high repetition rate femtosecond laser with galvanometric optics (Novalase)-PE/SCIEX DRCII. Sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio were benchmarked to those obtained for the same sample by a recently published method in a reference lab. The optimization allowed a 12-fold gain of the S/N ratio during ablation of gels and a 3.5-fold gain in the ablation of blots in comparison with the method using an essentially similar system published by the reference lab. The gain of S/N by increasing ablation surface using the high repetition rate laser was not as spectacular as expected (2.5-fold for the gels and 1.5-fold for the blots) as the background noise increased considerably when a larger surface is ablated due to selenoproteins peak tailing. The study allowed for the first time LA-ICP MS detection of selenoproteins (separated by gel electrophoresis) in human cell extracts with the selenium concentration at the 10 ng ml(-1) level.
C1 [Bianga, Juliusz; Pecheyran, Christophe; Preud'homme, Hugues; Mounicou, Sandra; Szpunar, Joanna] CNRS UPPA, Lab Chim Analyt Bioinorgan & Environm, UMR5254, F-64053 Pau, France.
[Ballihaut, Guillaume] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Analyt Chem, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Touat, Zahia; Chavatte, Laurent] CNRS, UPR 3404 FRC3115, Ctr Genet Mol, F-91198 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Lobinski, Ryszard] Warsaw Univ Technol, PL-00664 Warsaw, Poland.
RP Bianga, J (reprint author), CNRS UPPA, Lab Chim Analyt Bioinorgan & Environm, UMR5254, Helioparc 2,Av Pr Angot, F-64053 Pau, France.
FU ANR [ANR-09-BLAN-0048-01 SELENOPROTEOME]; Aquitaine Region; FEDER
[20071303002PFP]; French Ministry of Education
FX The authors acknowledge the support of the ANR Project No
ANR-09-BLAN-0048-01 SELENOPROTEOME as well as of Aquitaine Region and
FEDER (Convention 20071303002PFP). JB acknowledges the fellowship of the
French Ministry of Education.
NR 12
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 30
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0267-9477
J9 J ANAL ATOM SPECTROM
JI J. Anal. At. Spectrom.
PY 2012
VL 27
IS 1
BP 25
EP 32
DI 10.1039/c1ja10239g
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy
SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA 868TG
UT WOS:000298548000003
ER
PT J
AU Lawn, BR
Cook, RF
AF Lawn, Brian R.
Cook, Robert F.
TI Probing material properties with sharp indenters: a retrospective
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Review
ID SODA-LIME GLASS; FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS TEST; PLASTIC INDENTATION DAMAGE;
STRAIN GRADIENT PLASTICITY; DEPTH-SENSING INDENTATION; STRESSED
THIN-FILMS; BRITTLE MATERIALS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; STRENGTH
DEGRADATION; VICKERS INDENTATION
AB A retrospective on the use of sharp, fixed-profile indenters as materials probes is presented. Indentation is proposed as a simple but powerful methodology for evaluating basic mechanical properties-elastic modulus, hardness, toughness-in all classes of materials. Indentation also provides unique insight into fundamental deformation and fracture processes. Of particular interest is the existence of intrinsic size effects as characteristic contact dimensions pass from macro- to micro- to nano-scale dimensions. The utility of indentations as 'controlled flaws' in the context of strength of materials is outlined. The roles of two other important material factors-rate effects and microstructure-are considered. Examples of technological and biological applications are presented as illustrations of the widespread power of the technique. Strengths and limitations of the methodology as a routine testing protocol are discussed.
C1 [Lawn, Brian R.; Cook, Robert F.] NIST, Div Ceram, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Lawn, BR (reprint author), NIST, Div Ceram, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM brianlawn@gmail.com
NR 187
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 2
U2 76
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2461
EI 1573-4803
J9 J MATER SCI
JI J. Mater. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 47
IS 1
BP 1
EP 22
DI 10.1007/s10853-011-5865-1
PG 22
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 865QS
UT WOS:000298326000001
ER
PT J
AU Maps, F
Runge, JA
Leising, A
Pershing, AJ
Record, NR
Plourde, S
Pierson, JJ
AF Maps, Frederic
Runge, Jeffrey A.
Leising, Andrew
Pershing, Andrew J.
Record, Nicholas R.
Plourde, Stephane
Pierson, James J.
TI Modelling the timing and duration of dormancy in populations of Calanus
finmarchicus from the Northwest Atlantic shelf
SO JOURNAL OF PLANKTON RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE dormancy; numerical modelling; Calanus; lipid accumulation window;
individual-based modelling; genetic algorithm; pattern-oriented
modelling; Atlantic; Gulf of St. Lawrence; Gulf of Maine
ID ST-LAWRENCE ESTUARY; GEORGES BANK; PHYTOPLANKTON BLOOMS; VERTICAL
MIGRATION; DEVELOPMENT RATES; OCEANIC COPEPOD; EGG-PRODUCTION; SCOTIAN
SHELF; MAINE REGION; LABRADOR SEA
AB Calanus finmarchicus relies on dormancy to thrive in the seasonal environment of the boreal Atlantic. The lipid accumulation window (LAW) hypothesis proposes that a seasonal window of environmental conditions allows developing individuals to store enough lipids for dormancy to be safely initiated. Successful dormancy requires a sufficient amount of lipids to fulfil the reduced metabolic demand of the dormant individual and to sustain the final maturation process. We used a pattern-oriented modelling approach that implements the LAW hypothesis and employs a genetic algorithm for parameter estimation, in order to reproduce the observed phenology and demography of C. finmarchicus populations from the two contrasting regions, the Gulf of St. Lawrence (GSL) and the Gulf of Maine (GoM) in the northwest Atlantic shelf. In the GSL, the model reproduced the timing of dormancy, the abundance and individual condition of late copepodid stages. In the GoM, the model produced a semi-annual dormancy pattern, as no locally produced individual could last the 6-8 months of dormancy inferred from the available observations. Further testing requires extending demographic time series, including lipid condition of late copepodid stages in the GoM, and the implementation of a 3-D modelling framework that would explicitly address the complex interactions between circulation and population dynamics of C. finmarchicus over the entire northwest Atlantic shelf.
C1 [Maps, Frederic; Runge, Jeffrey A.; Pershing, Andrew J.; Record, Nicholas R.] Univ Maine, Sch Marine Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Maps, Frederic; Runge, Jeffrey A.; Pershing, Andrew J.; Record, Nicholas R.] Gulf Maine Res Inst, Portland, ME 04101 USA.
[Leising, Andrew] NOAA SWFSC, Div Environm Res, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
[Plourde, Stephane] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Maurice Lamontagne Inst, Mont Joli, PQ G5H 3Z4, Canada.
[Pierson, James J.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Horn Point Lab, Cambridge, MD 21613 USA.
RP Maps, F (reprint author), Univ Maine, Sch Marine Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
EM frederic.maps@gmail.com
RI Pierson, James/B-7278-2008; Maps, Frederic/L-4546-2013
OI Pierson, James/0000-0002-5248-5850; Maps, Frederic/0000-0001-7115-2464
FU National Science Foundation [OCE-0815336]
FX This research was supported by a National Science Foundation award
OCE-0815336 and is contribution #712 to the U.S. GLOBEC program.
NR 76
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 6
U2 53
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0142-7873
EI 1464-3774
J9 J PLANKTON RES
JI J. Plankton Res.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 34
IS 1
BP 36
EP 54
DI 10.1093/plankt/fbr088
PG 19
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 863SC
UT WOS:000298187200003
ER
PT J
AU Burton, BP
van de Walle, A
Stokes, HT
AF Burton, Benjamin Paul
van de Walle, Axel
Stokes, Harold T.
TI First Principles Phase Diagram Calculations for the
Octahedral-Interstitial System ZrOX, 0 <= X <= 1/2
SO JOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN
LA English
DT Article
DE ZrOX; Zr suboxides; zircalloy; first principles; phase diagram
calculation; vacancy-interstitial ordering; order-disorder; alloy theory
AB First principles based phase diagram calculations were performed for the octahedral-interstitial solid solution system alpha ZrOX (alpha Zr[](1-X)O-X; [] equivalent to vacancy; 0 <= X <= 1/2). The cluster expansion method was used for ground state analysis, and to calculate the phase diagram. The predicted diagram has four ordered ground-states in the range 0 <= X <= 1/2, but one of these, at X = 5/12, is predicted to disproportionate at T approximate to 20 K, well below the experimentally investigated range T approximate to 420 K. Thus, at T greater than or similar to 420 K, the first-principles based calculation predicts three ordered phases rather than the four that have been reported by experimentalists.
C1 [Burton, Benjamin Paul] NIST, Div Met, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[van de Walle, Axel] CALTECH, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Stokes, Harold T.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
RP Burton, BP (reprint author), NIST, Div Met, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM benjamin.burton@nist.gov; avdw@caltech.edu; stokesh@byu.edu
RI van de Walle, Axel/L-5676-2013
OI van de Walle, Axel/0000-0002-3415-1494
NR 34
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 12
PU PHYSICAL SOC JAPAN
PI TOKYO
PA YUSHIMA URBAN BUILDING 5F, 2-31-22 YUSHIMA, BUNKYO-KU, TOKYO, 113-0034,
JAPAN
SN 0031-9015
J9 J PHYS SOC JPN
JI J. Phys. Soc. Jpn.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 81
IS 1
AR 014004
DI 10.1143/JPSJ.81.014004
PG 7
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 868VA
UT WOS:000298553000022
ER
PT J
AU Atencia, J
Cooksey, GA
Locascio, LE
AF Atencia, Javier
Cooksey, Gregory A.
Locascio, Laurie E.
TI A robust diffusion-based gradient generator for dynamic cell assays
SO LAB ON A CHIP
LA English
DT Article
ID MICROFLUIDIC DEVICES; COMPLEX GRADIENTS; CHEMOTAXIS; CULTURE; MIGRATION
AB This manuscript describes a new method to generate purely diffusive chemical gradients that can be modified in time. The device is simple in its design and easy to use, which makes it amenable to study biological processes that involve static or dynamic chemical gradients such as chemotaxis. We describe the theory underlying the convection-free gradient generator, illustrate the design to implement the theory, and present a protocol to align multiple layers of double sided tape and laminates to fabricate the device. Using this device, a population of mammalian cells was exposed to different concentrations of a toxin within a concentration gradient in a 48 h experiment. Cells were probed dynamically by cycling the gradient on and off, and cell response was monitored using time-lapse fluorescence microscopy. The experiment and results illustrate the type of applications involving dynamic cell behavior that can be targeted with this type of gradient generator.
C1 [Atencia, Javier; Cooksey, Gregory A.; Locascio, Laurie E.] NIST, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Atencia, J (reprint author), NIST, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jatencia@nist.gov
RI Atencia, Javier/K-8613-2012
FU NIST Office
FX We acknowledge John Elliott, Michael Halter, Anne Plant and Daniel Sisan
for helpful discussions. We thank Connie Rogers-Newcome from Adhesive
Research. Inc for providing doublesided tape samples. Part of this work
was performed at the NIST Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology
Nanofabrication facility that is partially sponsored by the NIST Office
of Microelectronics Programs.
NR 36
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 2
U2 35
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1473-0197
EI 1473-0189
J9 LAB CHIP
JI Lab Chip
PY 2012
VL 12
IS 2
BP 309
EP 316
DI 10.1039/c1lc20829b
PG 8
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience
& Nanotechnology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Science & Technology -
Other Topics
GA 874NB
UT WOS:000298964100010
PM 22113489
ER
PT J
AU Waggett, RJ
Hardison, DR
Tester, PA
AF Waggett, Rebecca J.
Hardison, D. Ransom
Tester, Patricia A.
TI Toxicity and nutritional inadequacy of Karenia brevis: synergistic
mechanisms disrupt top-down grazer control
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Copepod grazing; Harmful algae; Toxic dinoflagellate; Chemical
deterrent; Karenia brevis; Brevetoxin
ID COPEPOD ACARTIA-TONSA; GULF-OF-MEXICO; RED TIDE DINOFLAGELLATE;
EGG-PRODUCTION; GYMNODINIUM-BREVE; KARLODINIUM-VENEFICUM;
CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; PTYCHODISCUS-BREVIS; CALANUS-PACIFICUS; ESTUARINE
COPEPOD
AB Zooplankton grazers are capable of influencing food-web dynamics by exerting top-down control over phytoplankton prey populations. Certain toxic or unpalatable algal species have evolved mechanisms to disrupt grazer control, thereby facilitating the formation of massive, monospecific blooms. The harmful algal bloom (HAB)-forming dinoflagellate Karenia brevis has been associated with lethal and sublethal effects on zooplankton that may offer both direct and indirect support of bloom formation and maintenance. Reductions in copepod grazing on K. brevis have been attributed to acute physiological incapacitation and nutritional inadequacy. To evaluate the potential toxicity or nutritional inadequacy of K. brevis, food removal and egg production experiments were conducted using the copepod Acartia tonsa and K. brevis strains CCMP 2228, Wilson, and SP-1, characterized using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) as having high, low, and no brevetoxin levels, respectively. Variable grazing rates were found in experiments involving mixtures of toxic CCMP 2228 and Wilson strains. However, in experiments with toxic CCMP 2228 and non-toxic SP-1 strains, A. tonsa grazed SP-1 at significantly higher rates than the toxic alternative. Additionally, A. tonsa experienced significantly greater mortality when exposed to toxic K. brevis strains, particularly after prolonged exposure. Egg production rates of copepods fed toxic K. brevis strains were similar to those of starved copepods, while those of copepods fed non-toxic SP-1 and the nutritious Rhodomonas salina were significantly higher. Analysis indicates that K. brevis impacts grazer populations via multiple synergistic mechanisms: (1) decreased ingestion rates, (2) decreased egg production, and (3) increased mortality of copepods through a combination of toxicity and nutritional inadequacy.
C1 [Waggett, Rebecca J.; Hardison, D. Ransom; Tester, Patricia A.] Natl Ocean Serv, NOAA, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
RP Waggett, RJ (reprint author), Univ Tampa, 401 W Kennedy Blvd, Tampa, FL 33606 USA.
EM rwaggett@ut.edu
FU National Research Council; CCFHR; NOS; NOAA
FX We are grateful to E. J. Buskey of The University of Texas, Marine
Science Institute for generously providing cultures of Karenia brevis
strain SP-1; W. G. Sunda and R. W. Litaker for their critical review of
the manuscript; and the insights of 3 anonymous reviewers. Funding for
R.J.W. was provided through a National Research Council RAP postdoctoral
research associateship funded by the CCFHR, NOS, NOAA.
NR 69
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 3
U2 28
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2012
VL 444
BP 15
EP 30
DI 10.3354/meps09401
PG 16
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 874PP
UT WOS:000298970900002
ER
PT J
AU Jarvis, JC
Moore, KA
Kenworthy, WJ
AF Jarvis, Jessie C.
Moore, Kenneth A.
Kenworthy, W. Judson
TI Characterization and ecological implication of eelgrass life history
strategies near the species' southern limit in the western North
Atlantic
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Zostera marina; Life-history; Annual; Perennial; Seed bank; Biomass
ID ZOSTERA-MARINA L; LOWER CHESAPEAKE BAY; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
ENVIRONMENTAL-FACTORS; AQUATIC PLANT; SEED; SEAGRASSES; PHENOLOGY; L.;
RECOLONIZATION
AB Eelgrass Zostera marina L. populations located near the species southern limit in the western North Atlantic were assessed monthly from July 2007 through November 2008. We identified (1) dominant life history strategies and local environmental conditions in southern Z. marina populations, (2) quantified differences in reproductive phenology between populations and different local environmental conditions, and (3) compared reproductive strategies to established annual and perennial life history paradigms. Observed populations expressed both life history strategies with one Z. marina population completely losing aboveground biomass and reestablishing from seeds (annual model) while another population retained aboveground biomass throughout the year (perennial model). A third life history strategy, characterized here as a mixed-annual population, was also observed after some seedlings were found to reproduce both sexually and asexually during their first year of growth thereby not conforming to any currently established life history paradigm. Development of multiple life history strategies within this region may be in response to stressful summer water temperatures associated with the southern edge of the species' range. We suggest that neither annual nor perennial life history strategies always provide a superior mechanism for population persistence as perennial populations can be susceptible to multiple consecutive years of stress, and annual populations are unable to fully exploit available resources throughout much of the year. The mixed-annual strategy observed here represents another possible life history model which may provide the mechanism necessary for Z. marina populations to persist during times of environmental transition.
C1 [Jarvis, Jessie C.; Moore, Kenneth A.] Coll William & Mary, Sch Marine Sci, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
[Kenworthy, W. Judson] NOAA, Ctr Coastal Fisheries & Habitat Res, NCCOS, NOS, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
RP Jarvis, JC (reprint author), Richard Stockton Coll New Jersey, Galloway, NJ 08205 USA.
EM jessie.jarvis@stockton.edu
RI Jarvis, Jessie/M-5929-2013
OI Jarvis, Jessie/0000-0001-8467-0287
FU National Estuarine Research Reserve Graduate Research Fellowship
Program; Virginia Institute of Marine Science; Center for Coastal
Fisheries and Habitat Research
FX The authors would like to thank the National Estuarine Research Reserve
Graduate Research Fellowship Program and the Virginia Institute of
Marine Science Graduate Research Assistantship Program for funding.
Field and laboratory support was provided by the Center for Coastal
Fisheries and Habitat Research. We would also like to thank Erin
Shields, Brittany Haywood, Giuseppe Di Carlo, Brooke Landry, and Brandon
Jarvis for field and laboratory assistance. This is contribution number
3183 from the Virginia Institute of Marine Science, School of Marine
Science, College of William and Mary.
NR 72
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 6
U2 23
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2012
VL 444
BP 43
EP 56
DI 10.3354/meps09428
PG 14
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 874PP
UT WOS:000298970900004
ER
PT J
AU Adamack, AT
Stow, CA
Mason, DM
Rozas, LP
Minello, TJ
AF Adamack, Aaron T.
Stow, Craig A.
Mason, Doran M.
Rozas, Lawrence P.
Minello, Thomas J.
TI Predicting the effects of freshwater diversions on juvenile brown shrimp
growth and production: a Bayesian-based approach
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Farfantepenaeus aztecus; Restoration; Salt marsh; Freshwater diversion;
Mississippi River; Louisiana
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; PENAEUS-AZTECUS IVES; FARFANTEPENAEUS-AZTECUS; NORTHERN
GULF; MISSISSIPPI DELTA; BIOENERGETICS MODEL; OXYGEN-CONSUMPTION;
SETIFERUS LINNAEUS; CHESAPEAKE BAY; WETLAND LOSS
AB Freshwater diversions from the Mississippi River may help restore coastal wetlands in Louisiana, but their implementation will alter temperature and salinity regimes, potentially affecting juvenile shrimp growth and production. We developed a bioenergetics model for brown shrimp Farfantepenaeus aztecus to investigate water temperature and salinity effects on brown shrimp growth. The model used a Bayesian framework that provided estimates of parameter and model uncertainty. Temperature affected shrimp metabolism, whereas salinity modified food availability. Mortality was modeled using a size-dependent function. We examined the effects of diversion timing (February, March, April and May), length (2x 14, as well as 30 and 60 d), temperature change (+1, 0, -1, -5 and -10 degrees C), initial salinity (5, 15, 25), salinity during the diversion (2, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25) and prey biomass response time (7, 14 and 28 d) on juvenile brown shrimp production. Diversions during February and March had little effect on shrimp, but 30 and 60 d diversions starting in April and May often had large, negative effects on production. April and May diversions that dropped water temperature by 5 degrees C or more could decrease juvenile brown shrimp production by 40 to 60% compared with the baseline, no diversion scenarios. Whether changes in salinity had a positive or negative effect on brown shrimp production depended on the initial salinity of the scenario. Longer diversions and slower prey response times extended the duration brown shrimp were exposed to either the positive or negative effects of diversions, and this magnified the overall (positive or negative) effect on shrimp production. Limiting diversions to February and March when brown shrimp populations are not abundant would minimize negative effects on shrimp production, though managers will be constrained by the needs of other species such as oysters, as well as ecosystem considerations.
C1 [Adamack, Aaron T.] Univ Michigan, Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosyst Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[Stow, Craig A.; Mason, Doran M.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[Rozas, Lawrence P.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NOAA, SEFSC, Estuarine Habitats & Coastal Fisheries Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
[Minello, Thomas J.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NOAA, SEFSC, Galveston Lab, Galveston, TX 77551 USA.
RP Adamack, AT (reprint author), Univ Canberra, Inst Appl Ecol, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
EM aaron.adamack@canberra.edu.au
OI Mason, Doran/0000-0002-6017-4243; Stow, Craig/0000-0001-6171-7855;
Adamack, Aaron/0000-0002-9746-5351
FU Northern Gulf Institute; Southeast Fisheries Science Center; Great Lakes
Environmental Research Laboratory
FX Personnel from the NOAA Fisheries Service, Southeast Fisheries Science
Center, Fishery Ecology Branch assisted in conducting the field growth
experiments and processing the growth data used to develop the model. We
thank T. Kramer for the preparation of a much improved version of Fig.
3. We acknowledge funding of this research project from the Northern
Gulf Institute, Southeast Fisheries Science Center and the Great Lakes
Environmental Research Laboratory. The findings and conclusions in this
report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the
views of NOAA. This is contribution number 1600 of the NOAA Great Lakes
Environmental Research Laboratory.
NR 83
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 16
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2012
VL 444
BP 155
EP 173
DI 10.3354/meps09431
PG 19
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 874PP
UT WOS:000298970900012
ER
PT J
AU Bartolino, V
Ciannelli, L
Spencer, P
Wilderbuer, TK
Chan, KS
AF Bartolino, Valerio
Ciannelli, Lorenzo
Spencer, Paul
Wilderbuer, Thomas K.
Chan, Kung-Sik
TI Scale-dependent detection of the effects of harvesting a marine fish
population
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Spatial distribution; Local exploitation; Regional exploitation; Scale;
Yellowfin sole; Bering Sea
ID EASTERN BERING-SEA; PLEURONECTES ASPER; EXTINCTION RISK; YELLOWFIN SOLE;
FISHERIES; FLATFISH; DISTRIBUTIONS; CONSEQUENCES; VARIABILITY; DEPLETION
AB Certain ecological processes dominate others at particular scales, and the response of populations to exogenous and endogenous forces are typically scale dependent. In spite of this central role played by scale, the temporal and spatial scales of human impacts on ecosystems and populations remain almost unknown. We applied a multiscale regression analysis to investigate the spatiotemporal scales which characterize the fisheries exploitation of yellowfin sole Limanda aspera in the Bering Sea. We found that harvesting affects the abundance of this species simultaneously at local and regional scales. At the local scale harvesting produced a negative effect on local fish densities, particularly in those areas and seasons of high fish aggregation, when both the vulnerability of the fish and the fishing effort increase. At the regional scale harvesting was characterized by a widespread negative effect on the whole fish population. Our findings demonstrate that (1) detection of the fisheries exploitation effects on natural populations is sensitive to the scale of investigation, (2) fisheries harvesting can simultaneously affect multiple ecological scales which are not linearly correlated with each other. We developed analytical techniques for the detection of scale-dependent processes, which can be readily applied to other systems. Our results provide insights on the risks of extrapolating the effects of harvesting on natural populations across scales, making the issues of scale and space central to the management and conservation of natural populations.
C1 [Bartolino, Valerio] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Aquat Resources, Inst Marine Res, S-45321 Lysekil, Sweden.
[Bartolino, Valerio] Univ Gothenburg, Dept Earth Sci, Reg Climate Grp, S-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden.
[Ciannelli, Lorenzo] Oregon State Univ, Coll Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Spencer, Paul; Wilderbuer, Thomas K.] NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Chan, Kung-Sik] Univ Iowa, Dept Stat & Actuarial Sci, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
RP Bartolino, V (reprint author), Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Aquat Resources, Inst Marine Res, S-45321 Lysekil, Sweden.
EM valerio.bartolino@slu.se
FU North Pacific Research Board [709]; US National Science Foundation
[NSF-0934617]
FX This work is funded by the North Pacific Research Board as part of
project 709. We are grateful for partial support from the US National
Science Foundation (NSF-0934617) for L.C. and K.S.C. We also thank L.C.
Stige, E. Edeline, N. Bacheler, S. Kotwicki, S. Barbeaux, A. Belgrano
and 3 anonymous reviewers for comments on the manuscript, and the
scientists of the Alaska Fisheries Science Center (RACE division) who
collected data in the eastern Bering Sea groundfish survey.
NR 47
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 10
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2012
VL 444
BP 251
EP U272
DI 10.3354/meps09434
PG 17
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 874PP
UT WOS:000298970900018
ER
PT J
AU Dholabhai, PP
Anwar, S
Adams, JB
Crozier, PA
Sharma, R
AF Dholabhai, Pratik P.
Anwar, Shahriar
Adams, James B.
Crozier, Peter A.
Sharma, Renu
TI Predicting the optimal dopant concentration in gadolinium doped ceria: a
kinetic lattice Monte Carlo approach
SO MODELLING AND SIMULATION IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
ID OXIDE FUEL-CELLS; IONIC-CONDUCTIVITY; COMBUSTION SYNTHESIS; SOLID
ELECTROLYTES; SIMULATION; CE1-XGDXO2-X/2; GD3+
AB Gadolinium doped ceria (GDC) is a promising alternative electrolyte material for solid oxide fuel cells that offers the possibility of operation in the intermediate temperature range (773-1073 K). To determine the optimal dopant concentration in GDC, we have employed a systematic approach of applying a 3D kinetic lattice Monte Carlo (KLMC) model of vacancy diffusion in conjunction with previously calculated activation energies for vacancy migration in GDC as inputs. KLMC simulations were performed including the vacancy repelling effects in GDC. Increasing the dopant concentration increases the vacancy concentration, which increases the ionic conductivity. However, at higher concentrations, vacancy-vacancy repulsion impedes vacancy diffusion, and together with vacancy trapping by dopants decreases the ionic conductivity. The maximum ionic conductivity is predicted to occur at approximate to 20% to 25% mole fraction of Gd dopant. Placing Gd dopants in pairs, instead of randomly, was found to decrease the conductivity by approximate to 50%. Overall, the trends in ionic conductivity results obtained using the KLMC model developed in this work are in reasonable agreement with the available experimental data. This KLMC model can be applied to a variety of ceria-based electrolyte materials for predicting the optimum dopant concentration.
C1 [Dholabhai, Pratik P.; Anwar, Shahriar; Adams, James B.; Crozier, Peter A.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Engn Matter Transport & Energy, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Sharma, Renu] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Dholabhai, PP (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Engn Matter Transport & Energy, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
EM pratik.dholabhai@asu.edu; anwar@asu.edu; jim.adams@asu.edu;
crozier@asu.edu; renu.sharma@nist.gov
RI Dholabhai, Pratik/A-2366-2015
FU Department of Energy [DE-PS02-06ER06-17]
FX This paper is based upon the work supported by the Department of Energy
under the Grant No DE-PS02-06ER06-17. The authors gratefully acknowledge
the Fulton High Performance Computing Initiative (HPCI) at the Arizona
State University for the computational resources.
NR 25
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 21
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0965-0393
J9 MODEL SIMUL MATER SC
JI Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 20
IS 1
AR 015004
DI 10.1088/0965-0393/20/1/015004
PG 13
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 866UE
UT WOS:000298409300004
ER
PT J
AU Singh, N
Jenkins, GJS
Nelson, BC
Marquis, BJ
Williams, PM
Wright, C
Doak, SH
AF Singh, Neenu
Jenkins, Gareth J. S.
Nelson, Bryant C.
Marquis, Bryce J.
Williams, Paul M.
Wright, Chris
Doak, Shareen H.
TI Iron redox state: an underlying culprit in the genotoxicity of ultrafine
superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles
SO MUTAGENESIS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Singh, Neenu; Jenkins, Gareth J. S.; Doak, Shareen H.] Swansea Univ, Coll Med, Inst Life Sci, Swansea SA2 8PP, W Glam, Wales.
[Nelson, Bryant C.; Marquis, Bryce J.] NIST, Chem Sci & Technol Lab, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Williams, Paul M.; Wright, Chris] Swansea Univ, Sch Engn, Multidisciplinary Nanotechnol Ctr, Swansea SA2 8PP, W Glam, Wales.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0267-8357
J9 MUTAGENESIS
JI Mutagenesis
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 27
IS 1
MA 91
BP 134
EP 134
PG 1
WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
GA 866MP
UT WOS:000298385400102
ER
PT J
AU Sun, XL
Huls, NF
Sigdel, A
Sun, SH
AF Sun, Xiaolian
Huls, Natalie Frey
Sigdel, Aruna
Sun, Shouheng
TI Tuning Exchange Bias in Core/Shell FeO/Fe3O4 Nanoparticles
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE FeO nanoparticles; controlled oxidation; core/shell FeO/Fe3O4; exchange
bias
AB Monodisperse 35 nm FeO nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized and oxidized in a dry air atmosphere into core/shell FeO/Fe3O4 NPs with both FeO core and Fe3O4 shell dimensions controlled by reaction temperature and time. Temperature-dependent magnetic properties were studied on FeO/Fe3O4 NPs obtained from the FeO NPs oxidized at 60 and 100 degrees C for 30 min. A large exchange bias (shift in the hysteresis loop) was observed in these core/shell NPs. The relative dimensions of the core and shell determine not only the coercivity and exchange field but also the dominant reversal mechanism of the ferrimagnetic Fe3O4 component. This is the first time demonstration of tuning exchange bias and of controlling asymmetric magnetization reversal in FeO/Fe3O4 NPs with antiferromagnetic core and ferrimagnetic shell.
C1 [Huls, Natalie Frey] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Sun, Xiaolian; Sigdel, Aruna; Sun, Shouheng] Brown Univ, Dept Chem, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
RP Huls, NF (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM natalie.huls@nist.gov; ssun@brown.edu
FU DOE/EPSCoR [DE-FG02-07ER36374]
FX The work was supported in part by DOE/EPSCoR DE-FG02-07ER36374.
NR 16
TC 72
Z9 72
U1 13
U2 109
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 12
IS 1
BP 246
EP 251
DI 10.1021/nl2034514
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 874GJ
UT WOS:000298943100043
PM 22132824
ER
PT J
AU Townsend, E
Bryant, GW
AF Townsend, Emily
Bryant, Garnett W.
TI Plasmonic Properties of Metallic Nanoparticles: The Effects of Size
Quantization
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Metallic nanoparticles; quantum plasmonics; surface plasmons; quantum
core plasmons; size quantization; TDDFT
ID DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; CLUSTERS; DYNAMICS;
SPHERES; TIME; PHOTOABSORPTION; MICROCLUSTERS; NANOSHELLS; TUNABILITY
AB We examine the size quantization of plasmons in metallic nanopartides using time-dependent density functional theory. For small particles in the quantum limit, we identify "quantum core plasmons" and "classical surface plasmons", both of which are collective oscillations comprised of multiple single-particle transitions. As particle size increases, the response of the classical surface plasmons becomes much larger than that of the quantum core plasmons.
C1 [Townsend, Emily] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NIST, Quantum Measurement Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Townsend, E (reprint author), NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM ETownsend@eml.cc; Garnett.Bryant@nist.gov
NR 28
TC 37
Z9 37
U1 3
U2 32
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 12
IS 1
BP 429
EP 434
DI 10.1021/nl2037613
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 874GJ
UT WOS:000298943100075
PM 22181554
ER
PT J
AU Ma, XF
Zachariah, MR
Zangmeister, CD
AF Ma, Xiaofei
Zachariah, Michael R.
Zangmeister, Christopher D.
TI Crumpled Nanopaper from Graphene Oxide
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Graphene; graphene oxide; crumpling; fractal dimension; aerosol; ion
mobility
ID CONFORMATIONS; NANOCRYSTALS; ANISOTROPY; MEMBRANES; SHEETS
AB Graphene oxide (GO) in aqueous solution was aerosolized and rapidly dried to produce crumpled nanopaper-like sheets. Online size selection and aerosol mass analysis was used to determine the fractal dimension (D) of crumpled GO nanosheets as 2.54 +/- 0.04. That is identical to macroscale materials, such as crumpled balls of paper and foil. Thermal reduction of crumpled GO nanosheets did not change D, even after loss of nearly 25% of the nanosheets mass. We demonstrate that D is able to be tuned by altering solvent conditions. A 10% acetone mixture increased D to 2.68 +/- 0.02. Calculations of the confinement force show that crumpling of GO nanosheets is driven by the capillary force associated with rapid solvent loss.
C1 [Ma, Xiaofei; Zachariah, Michael R.; Zangmeister, Christopher D.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Ma, Xiaofei; Zachariah, Michael R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mech Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Ma, Xiaofei; Zachariah, Michael R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Zangmeister, CD (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM christopher.zangmeister@nist.gov
RI Ma, Xiaofei/B-3569-2011
NR 15
TC 61
Z9 63
U1 9
U2 114
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 12
IS 1
BP 486
EP 489
DI 10.1021/nl203964z
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 874GJ
UT WOS:000298943100085
PM 22185469
ER
PT J
AU Ruzmetov, D
Oleshko, VP
Haney, PM
Lezec, HJ
Karki, K
Baloch, KH
Agrawal, AK
Davydov, AV
Krylyuk, S
Liu, Y
Huang, JY
Tanase, M
Cumings, J
Talin, AA
AF Ruzmetov, Dmitry
Oleshko, Vladimir P.
Haney, Paul M.
Lezec, Henri J.
Karki, Khim
Baloch, Kamal H.
Agrawal, Amit K.
Davydov, Albert V.
Krylyuk, Sergiy
Liu, Yang
Huang, Jian Y.
Tanase, Mihaela
Cumings, John
Talin, A. Alec
TI Electrolyte Stability Determines Scaling Limits for Solid-State 3D Li
Ion Batteries
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Lithium ion battery; nanowire; nanobattery; in situ transmission
electron microscopy; electrolyte; breakdown; space-charge limited
conduction
ID THIN-FILM LITHIUM; ARCHITECTURES; SENSOR; MEMS
AB Rechargeable, all-solid-state Li ion batteries (LIBs) with high specific capacity and small footprint are highly desirable to power an emerging class of miniature, autonomous microsystems that operate without a hardwire for power or communications. A variety of three-dimensional (3D) LIB architectures that maximize areal energy density has been proposed to address this need. The success of all of these designs depends on an ultrathin, conformal electrolyte layer to electrically isolate the anode and cathode while allowing Li ions to pass through. However, we find that a substantial reduction in the electrolyte thickness, into the nanometer regime, can lead to rapid self-discharge of the battery even when the electrolyte layer is conformal and pinhole free. We demonstrate this by fabricating individual, solid-state nanowire core-multishell LEBs (NWLIBs) and cycling these inside a transmission electron microscope. For nanobatteries with the thinnest electrolyte, approximate to 110 nm, we observe rapid self-discharge, along with void formation at the electrode/electrolyte interface, indicating electrical and chemical breakdown. With electrolyte thickness increased to 180 nm, the self-discharge rate is reduced substantially, and the NWLIBs maintain a potential above 2 V for over 2 h. Analysis of the nanobatteries' electrical characteristics reveals space-charge limited electronic conduction, which effectively shorts the anode and cathode electrodes directly through the electrolyte. Our study illustrates that, at these nanoscale dimensions, the increased electric field can lead to large electronic current in the electrolyte, effectively shorting the battery. The scaling of this phenomenon provides useful guidelines for the future design of 3D LIBs.
C1 [Ruzmetov, Dmitry; Haney, Paul M.; Lezec, Henri J.; Agrawal, Amit K.; Tanase, Mihaela; Talin, A. Alec] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Oleshko, Vladimir P.; Davydov, Albert V.; Krylyuk, Sergiy] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Ruzmetov, Dmitry; Agrawal, Amit K.; Krylyuk, Sergiy; Tanase, Mihaela] Univ Maryland, Inst Res Elect & Appl Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Karki, Khim; Baloch, Kamal H.; Cumings, John] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Liu, Yang; Huang, Jian Y.] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Integrated Nanotechnol, Albuquerque, NM 87123 USA.
RP Talin, AA (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM atalin@nist.gov
RI Karki, Khim/B-2271-2012; Liu, Yang/C-9576-2012; Cumings,
John/A-3595-2012; Huang, Jianyu/C-5183-2008; Davydov,
Albert/F-7773-2010; Agrawal, Amit/C-3728-2009; Oleshko,
Vladimir/A-6250-2014
OI Karki, Khim/0000-0002-0999-3964; Davydov, Albert/0000-0003-4512-2311;
Agrawal, Amit/0000-0001-8230-4603; Oleshko, Vladimir/0000-0003-0538-2354
FU University of Maryland; National Institute of Standards and Technology
Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology through the University of
Maryland [70NANB10H193]; National Institute of Standards and Technology
[SB134110SE0579, SB134111SE0814]; Office of Energy Research, Materials
Sciences and Engineering Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy
[DESC0005456]; Nanostructures for Electrical Energy Storage (NEES), an
Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC); U.S. Department of Energy,
Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DESC0001160]
FX We thank Todd Brintlinger of NRL for providing the patterned
Si3N4 membranes used for the in situ TEM
experiments. D.R. acknowledges support under the Cooperative Research
Agreement between the University of Maryland and the National Institute
of Standards and Technology Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology,
award 70NANB10H193, through the University of Maryland. V.O.
acknowledges support by National Institute of Standards and Technology
(contracts SB134110SE0579 and SB134111SE0814). K.H.B. was supported by
the Director, Office of Energy Research, Materials Sciences and
Engineering Division, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract
No. DESC0005456. K.K. and J.C. were supported by Nanostructures for
Electrical Energy Storage (NEES), an Energy Frontier Research Center
(EFRC) funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number DESC0001160. Part of
this work was performed at the Sandia-Los Alamos Center for Integrated
Nanotechnologies (CINT), a U.S. DOE, Office of BES user facility.
NR 20
TC 39
Z9 39
U1 10
U2 161
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 12
IS 1
BP 505
EP 511
DI 10.1021/nl204047z
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 874GJ
UT WOS:000298943100088
PM 22185512
ER
PT J
AU Shepard, CC
Agostini, VN
Gilmer, B
Allen, T
Stone, J
Brooks, W
Beck, MW
AF Shepard, Christine C.
Agostini, Vera N.
Gilmer, Ben
Allen, Tashya
Stone, Jeff
Brooks, William
Beck, Michael W.
TI Assessing future risk: quantifying the effects of sea level rise on
storm surge risk for the southern shores of Long Island, New York
SO NATURAL HAZARDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Storm surge; Risk; Social vulnerability; Sea level rise
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; VULNERABILITY; HAZARD; GOVERNMENT; IMPACTS; STATES;
POLICY
AB Sea level rise threatens to increase the impacts of future storms and hurricanes on coastal communities. However, many coastal hazard mitigation plans do not consider sea level rise when assessing storm surge risk. Here we apply a GIS-based approach to quantify potential changes in storm surge risk due to sea level rise on Long Island, New York. We demonstrate a method for combining hazard exposure and community vulnerability to spatially characterize risk for both present and future sea level conditions using commonly available national data sets. Our results show that sea level rise will likely increase risk in many coastal areas and will potentially create risk where it was not before. We find that even modest and probable sea level rise (.5 m by 2080) vastly increases the numbers of people (47% increase) and property loss (73% increase) impacted by storm surge. In addition, the resulting maps of hazard exposure and community vulnerability provide a clear and useful example of the visual representation of the spatial distribution of the components of risk that can be helpful for developing targeted hazard mitigation and climate change adaptation strategies. Our results suggest that coastal agencies tasked with managing storm surge risk must consider the effects of sea level rise if they are to ensure safe and sustainable coastal communities in the future.
C1 [Shepard, Christine C.; Beck, Michael W.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Marine Sci, Nat Conservancy, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Agostini, Vera N.] Nature Conservancy, Miami, FL 33134 USA.
[Gilmer, Ben] Nature Conservancy, Seattle, WA 98101 USA.
[Allen, Tashya; Brooks, William] NOAA Coastal Serv Ctr, Charleston, SC 29405 USA.
[Stone, Jeff] Assoc State Floodplain Managers, Madison, WI 53713 USA.
RP Shepard, CC (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Marine Sci, Nat Conservancy, 100 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
EM cshepard@tnc.org
FU David and Lucile Packard Foundation; Nature Conservancy
FX We thank Columbia University Center for Climate Systems Research (CCSR)
for the provision of data sets. This work was supported by the David and
Lucile Packard Foundation and The Nature Conservancy.
NR 36
TC 28
Z9 31
U1 3
U2 61
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0921-030X
EI 1573-0840
J9 NAT HAZARDS
JI Nat. Hazards
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 60
IS 2
BP 727
EP 745
DI 10.1007/s11069-011-0046-8
PG 19
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
Water Resources
SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources
GA 865SJ
UT WOS:000298330300029
ER
PT J
AU Morrison, H
de Boer, G
Feingold, G
Harrington, J
Shupe, MD
Sulia, K
AF Morrison, Hugh
de Boer, Gijs
Feingold, Graham
Harrington, Jerry
Shupe, Matthew D.
Sulia, Kara
TI Resilience of persistent Arctic mixed-phase clouds
SO NATURE GEOSCIENCE
LA English
DT Review
ID SURFACE-ENERGY BUDGET; BOUNDARY-LAYER; SEA-ICE; STRATIFORM CLOUDS;
RESOLVING SIMULATIONS; MARINE STRATOCUMULUS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BEAUFORT
SEA; TEMPERATURE; AEROSOL
AB The Arctic region is particularly sensitive to climate change. Mixed-phase clouds, comprising both ice and supercooled liquid water, have a large impact on radiative fluxes in the Arctic. These clouds occur frequently during all seasons in the region, where they often persist for many days at a time. This persistence is remarkable given the inherent instability of ice-liquid mixtures. In recent years it has emerged that feedbacks between numerous local processes, including the formation and growth of ice and cloud droplets, radiative cooling, turbulence, entrainment and surface fluxes of heat and moisture, interact to create a resilient mixed-phase cloud system. As well as the persistent mixed-phase cloud state there is another distinct Arctic state, characterized by radiatively clear conditions. The occurrence of either state seems to be related, in part, to large-scale environmental conditions. We suggest that shifts in the large-scale environment could alter the prevalence of mixed-phase clouds, potentially affecting surface radiative fluxes and the Arctic energy budget.
C1 [Morrison, Hugh] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Mesoscale & Microscale Meteorol Div, NCAR Earth Syst Lab, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[de Boer, Gijs] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Feingold, Graham] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Harrington, Jerry; Sulia, Kara] Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[de Boer, Gijs; Shupe, Matthew D.] NOAA, Univ Colorado Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Morrison, H (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Mesoscale & Microscale Meteorol Div, NCAR Earth Syst Lab, 3450 Mitchell Lane, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
EM morrison@ucar.edu
RI Feingold, Graham/B-6152-2009; de Boer, Gijs/F-3949-2011; Shupe,
Matthew/F-8754-2011; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015
OI de Boer, Gijs/0000-0003-4652-7150; Shupe, Matthew/0000-0002-0973-9982;
FU NOAA [NA08OAR4310543]; U.S. DOE [DE-FG02-08ER64574, DE-FG02-05ER63965,
DE-FG02-05ER64058, DE-AC02-05CH11231]; NSF Science and Technology Center
for Multiscale Modeling of Atmospheric Processes [ATM-0425247]; Office
of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the U.S.
DOEnergy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; DOE [DE-SC0002037]; NOAA's Climate Goal;
NSF ARC [1023366]; National Science Foundation (NSF) [ATM-0639542,
AGS-0951807]; DOE's Office of Science
FX Comments on an earlier draft of the manuscript by A. Gettelman, J. Kay
and N. Johnson are appreciated. H.M. was partially supported by NOAA
grant NA08OAR4310543, U.S. DOE DE-FG02-08ER64574, and the NSF Science
and Technology Center for Multiscale Modeling of Atmospheric Processes,
managed by Colorado State University under cooperative agreement
ATM-0425247. G.B. was supported by the Director, Office of Science,
Office of Biological and Environmental Research of the U.S. DOEnergy
under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 as part of their Climate and Earth
System Modeling Program. G.F. was supported by DOE grant DE-SC0002037
and NOAA's Climate Goal. M.S. was supported by U.S. DOE grant
DE-FG02-05ER63965 and NSF ARC 1023366. J.H. and K.S. were supported by
NSF grant ATM-0639542 and grant AGS-0951807. J. H. received partial
support through U.S. DOE grant DE-FG02-05ER64058. K.S. was also
partially supported by an award from the DOE's Office of Science
Graduate Fellowship Program. We thank D. Fisher (NOAA) for assistance in
drafting Fig. 3, and E. Edelson and the LBNL EETD computing team for
their help in setting up a project wiki. Data for constructing Fig. 4
were obtained from the SHEBA Atmospheric Surface Flux Group. LBNL is
managed by the University of California under U.S. DOE grant
DE-AC02-05CH11231. National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored
by the National Science Foundation.
NR 99
TC 108
Z9 108
U1 7
U2 80
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1752-0894
EI 1752-0908
J9 NAT GEOSCI
JI Nat. Geosci.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 5
IS 1
BP 11
EP 17
DI 10.1038/NGEO1332
PG 7
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 866WT
UT WOS:000298417600009
ER
PT J
AU Sun, YB
Clemens, SC
Morrill, C
Lin, XP
Wang, XL
An, ZS
AF Sun, Youbin
Clemens, Steven C.
Morrill, Carrie
Lin, Xiaopei
Wang, Xulong
An, Zhisheng
TI Influence of Atlantic meridional overturning circulation on the East
Asian winter monsoon
SO NATURE GEOSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID LAST GLACIAL CYCLE; NORTH-ATLANTIC; ICE-CORE; CLIMATE; CHINA; RECORD;
VARIABILITY; INSTABILITY; MECHANISM; SEDIMENTS
AB The last glacial period was characterized by abrupt, millennial-scale climate change. These climate fluctuations are particularly pronounced in records of the East Asian monsoon system(1-8), and seem to be linked to changes in North Atlantic circulation. Here we present records of grain size variations from the northwestern Chinese Loess Plateau, dated using optically stimulated luminescence. We reconstruct changes in the strength of the East Asian winter monsoon over the past 60,000 years and find reconstructed millennial-scale variations that are broadly correlated with temperature variations over Greenland, suggesting a common forcing. We investigate the effect of a slow-down of Atlantic meridional overturning circulation on the monsoon system using a coupled climate model simulation with added freshwater flux into the northern North Atlantic, and find a strengthening winter monsoon circulation over the regions that supply dust to the Loess Plateau and a reduction in summer monsoon precipitation over East Asia. We conclude that Atlantic meridional overturning circulation is a driver of abrupt change in the East Asian winter and summer monsoon systems, and that the northern westerlies play a role in transmitting this signal from the North Atlantic to the Asian monsoon regions.
C1 [Sun, Youbin; Wang, Xulong; An, Zhisheng] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Earth Environm, State Key Lab Loess & Quaternary Geol, Xian 710075, Peoples R China.
[Clemens, Steven C.] Brown Univ, Dept Geol, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
[Morrill, Carrie] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Morrill, Carrie] NOAA, Natl Climat Data Ctr, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Lin, Xiaopei] Ocean Univ China, Phys Oceanog Lab, Qingdao 266100, Peoples R China.
RP Sun, YB (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Earth Environm, State Key Lab Loess & Quaternary Geol, Xian 710075, Peoples R China.
EM sunyb@ieecas.cn
RI Wang, Xulong/B-9577-2012; AN, Zhisheng/F-8834-2012; Sun,
Youbin/K-8357-2012; Loess, IEECAS/I-8075-2014
OI Wang, Xulong/0000-0001-7191-2515; Morrill, Carrie/0000-0002-1635-5469;
Sun, Youbin/0000-0002-6696-6620;
FU National Basic Research Program of China [2010CB833403]; Chinese Academy
of Sciences
FX We thank Q. S. Liu, J. Bloemendal, J. Vandenberghe, D. Oppo, A. Wintle
and S. G. Kang for discussions and suggestions. CCSM3 experiments
completed by the National Center for Atmospheric Research and available
on the Earth System Grid (www.earthsystemgrid.org). This work was
supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (No.
2010CB833403) and the 'One-hundred Talents' program of the Chinese
Academy of Sciences.
NR 30
TC 104
Z9 117
U1 13
U2 91
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1752-0894
J9 NAT GEOSCI
JI Nat. Geosci.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 5
IS 1
BP 46
EP 49
DI 10.1038/NGEO1326
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 866WT
UT WOS:000298417600016
ER
PT J
AU Shinotsuka, H
Tanuma, S
Powell, CJ
Penn, DR
AF Shinotsuka, H.
Tanuma, S.
Powell, C. J.
Penn, D. R.
TI Calculations of electron stopping powers for 41 elemental solids over
the 50 eV to 30 keV range with the full Penn algorithm
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM
INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Electron stopping powers
ID MEAN FREE PATHS; MONTE-CARLO-SIMULATION; ENERGY-LOSS FUNCTION;
OPTICAL-DATA; INELASTIC-SCATTERING; DIELECTRIC FUNCTION; MODEL; METALS;
CU; BACKSCATTERING
AB We present mass collision electron stopping powers (SPs) for 41 elemental solids (Li, Be, graphite, diamond, glassy C, Na, Mg, Al, Si, K, Sc, Ti, V. Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ge, Y, Nb, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, In, Sn, Cs, Gd, Tb, Dy, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, and Bi) that were calculated from experimental energy-loss-function data with the full Penn algorithm for electron energies between 50 eV and 30 keV. Improved sets of energy-loss functions were used for 19 solids. Comparisons were made of these SPs with SPs calculated with the single-pole approximation, previous SP calculations, and experimental SPs. Generally satisfactory agreement was found with SPs from the single-pole approximation for energies above 100 eV, with other calculated SPs, and with measured SPs. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Powell, C. J.; Penn, D. R.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Shinotsuka, H.; Tanuma, S.] Natl Inst Mat Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050047, Japan.
RP Powell, CJ (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM cedric.powell@nist.gov
RI Tanuma, Shigeo/H-2681-2011
NR 62
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 3
U2 19
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-583X
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms
PD JAN 1
PY 2012
VL 270
BP 75
EP 92
DI 10.1016/j.nimb.2011.09.016
PG 18
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 867ND
UT WOS:000298460200014
ER
PT J
AU Jiang, KQ
Thomas, PC
Forry, SP
DeVoe, DL
Raghavan, SR
AF Jiang, Kunqiang
Thomas, Peter C.
Forry, Samuel P.
DeVoe, Don L.
Raghavan, Srinivasa R.
TI Microfluidic synthesis of monodisperse PDMS microbeads as discrete
oxygen sensors
SO SOFT MATTER
LA English
DT Article
ID EMULSIFICATION; POLYMER; DEVICE
AB We describe the creation of monodisperse microbeads of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) via a microfluidic approach. Using a flow-focusing configuration, a PDMS precursor solution is dispersed into microdroplets within an aqueous continuous phase. These droplets are collected and thermally cured off-chip into solid microbeads. Our microfluidic technique allows for direct integration of payloads into the PDMS microbeads. Specifically, we integrate an oxygen-sensitive porphyrin dye into the beads and show that the resulting structures can function as non-invasive and real-time oxygen microsensors utilizing a simple optical readout at the single-particle level.
C1 [Thomas, Peter C.; DeVoe, Don L.; Raghavan, Srinivasa R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Bioengn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Jiang, Kunqiang; Raghavan, Srinivasa R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Thomas, Peter C.; Forry, Samuel P.] NIST, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[DeVoe, Don L.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mech Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Raghavan, Srinivasa R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Raghavan, Srinivasa R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Biomol Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP DeVoe, DL (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Bioengn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM ddev@umd.edu
RI DeVoe, Don/A-2891-2011; Jiang, Kunqiang/A-3324-2013; jiang,
kunqiang/G-1722-2014
OI DeVoe, Don/0000-0002-7740-9993;
FU UMD Center for Energetic Concepts Development; DARPA
FX This work was funded by grants from the UMD Center for Energetic
Concepts Development and from DARPA. We thank the Maryland NanoCenter
for facilitating the SEM studies.
NR 24
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 4
U2 39
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1744-683X
J9 SOFT MATTER
JI Soft Matter
PY 2012
VL 8
IS 4
BP 923
EP 926
DI 10.1039/c2sm06685h
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics,
Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science
GA 871RB
UT WOS:000298754300004
ER
PT J
AU Cheggour, N
Lu, XF
Holesinger, TG
Stauffer, TC
Jiang, J
Goodrich, LF
AF Cheggour, N.
Lu, X. F.
Holesinger, T. G.
Stauffer, T. C.
Jiang, J.
Goodrich, L. F.
TI Reversible effect of strain on transport critical current in
Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x superconducting wires: a modified descriptive strain
model
SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID O-COATED CONDUCTORS; CRITICAL-CURRENT DENSITIES; TEMPERATURE SCALING
LAW; HIGH MAGNETIC-FIELDS; AXIAL-STRAIN; BI-2212 CONDUCTORS; T-C; TAPES;
DEPENDENCE; STRESS
AB A reversible strain effect on transport critical current I-c was found in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x (Bi-2212) high-temperature superconducting round wires. I-c showed unambiguous reversibility at 4 K and 16 T up to an irreversible strain limit of about 0.3 % in longitudinal tension, prompting hope that the Bi-2212 conductor has the potential to sustain mechanical strains generated in high-field magnets. However, I-c was not reversible under longitudinal compression and buckling of Bi-2212 grain colonies was identified as the main reason. A two-component model was proposed, which suggests the presence of mechanically weak and strong Bi-2212 components within the wire filaments. Porosity embedded in the weak component renders it structurally unsupported and, therefore, makes it prone to cracking under strain epsilon. I-c(epsilon) is irreversible in tension if the weak component contributes to the transport critical current but becomes reversible once connectivity of the weak component is broken through strain increase or cycling. A modified descriptive strain model was also developed, which illustrates the effect of strain in the Bi-2212 conductor and supersedes the existing descriptive model. Unlike the latter, the new model suggests that higher pre-compressive strains should improve I-c if buckling of Bi-2212 grains does not occur, and should result in a wider I-c(epsilon) plateau in the applied tensile regime without degradation of the initial I-c. The new model postulates that a reversible strain effect should exist even in the applied compressive strain regime if buckling of Bi-2212 grains could be prevented through elimination of porosity and mechanical reinforcement of the wire.
C1 [Cheggour, N.; Lu, X. F.; Stauffer, T. C.; Goodrich, L. F.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Electromagnet Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Cheggour, N.; Lu, X. F.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Holesinger, T. G.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Superconduct Technol Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Jiang, J.] Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Ctr Appl Superconduct, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA.
RP Cheggour, N (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Electromagnet Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM cheggour@boulder.nist.gov
RI Cheggour, Najib/K-2769-2012; Jiang, Jianyi/F-2549-2017
OI Cheggour, Najib/0000-0002-0741-3065; Jiang, Jianyi/0000-0002-1094-2013
FU American Recovery and Reinvestment Act through the US Department of
Energy, Office of High Energy Physics
FX We thank our colleagues at Los Alamos National Lab, Lawrence Berkeley
National Lab, Fermi National Lab, Brookhaven National Lab, Florida State
University, North Carolina State University and Texas A&M University,
who are part of the Very High Field Superconducting Magnet Collaboration
(VHFSMC), for many and interesting discussions. This work was supported
in part by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act through the US
Department of Energy, Office of High Energy Physics. Certain commercial
equipment or materials mentioned in this paper may be indirectly
identified by their particular properties. Such identification does not
imply recommendation or endorsement by NIST, nor does it imply that the
equipment or materials identified are necessarily the best available for
the purpose.
NR 57
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 1
U2 19
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-2048
J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH
JI Supercond. Sci. Technol.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 25
IS 1
AR 015001
DI 10.1088/0953-2048/25/1/015001
PG 16
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 866VD
UT WOS:000298413200014
ER
PT J
AU van der Laan, DC
Goodrich, LF
Haugan, TJ
AF van der Laan, D. C.
Goodrich, L. F.
Haugan, T. J.
TI High-current dc power transmission in flexible RE-Ba2Cu3O7-delta coated
conductor cables
SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
AB Transmission cables made from high-temperature superconductors have been successfully demonstrated within the electric power grid. These cables carry an ac current of up to 3000 A in a much smaller cross-sectional area than conventional transmission lines, but they are not flexible enough for certain applications that involve very tight cable bends. Certain on-board Air Force applications require 5 MW of dc power transmission at 270 V and current of 18 500 A and would benefit from superconducting transmission in lightweight, flexible cables that would be cooled with helium gas down to about 55 K. To address these needs, we have constructed a 10 mm diameter RE-Ba2Cu3O7-delta (RE = rare earth) coated conductor cable that is lighter and more flexible than the current generation of superconducting cables, and that has a critical current of 7561 A at 76 K. The cable is expected to have a critical current of more than 20 000 A at 55 K and therefore will likely exceed the requirements for 5 MW on-board power transmission. The cable consists of two electrically insulated phases that can be operated in different modes, which allows us to study the effect of self-field on the cable performance.
C1 [van der Laan, D. C.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[van der Laan, D. C.; Goodrich, L. F.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Haugan, T. J.] USAF, Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
RP van der Laan, DC (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM danko@boulder.nist.gov
RI van der Laan, Danko/L-5098-2016
FU US Department of Energy, Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy
Reliability; Air Force Research Laboratory
FX This work was supported in part by the US Department of Energy, Office
of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability and the Air Force
Research Laboratory. Certain commercial materials are referred to in
this paper to foster complete understanding. Such identification implies
neither recommendation nor endorsement by NIST, nor that the materials
identified are necessarily the best available for the purpose.
NR 10
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 9
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-2048
J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH
JI Supercond. Sci. Technol.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 25
IS 1
AR 014003
DI 10.1088/0953-2048/25/1/014003
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 866VD
UT WOS:000298413200005
ER
PT J
AU Yi, F
La Van, DA
AF Yi, Feng
La Van, David A.
TI Nanoscale thermal analysis for nanomedicine by nanocalorimetry
SO WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID HIGH COOLING RATE; CHIP CALORIMETRY; THIN-FILMS; ISOTACTIC
POLYPROPYLENE; BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES; PERSISTER CELLS; ENTHALPY ARRAYS;
SENSOR; MICROCALORIMETRY; NANOPARTICLES
AB Microfabricated nanocalorimeters sensitively measure the thermal properties of nanomaterials and can be used for biomedical and in vitro measurements. This review examines the capabilities of nanocalorimeters including specific applications to nanomedicine such as measurements of nanomaterial stability, protein crystallization, ligandprotein binding, phase transitions, phase separations, interfacial reactions, and sorptiondesorption phenomena. Widespread adoption of nanotechnology into clinical medicine will require a more complete understanding of the basic properties of nanomaterials, the relationship between nanomaterial processing, and physical properties and a deeper understanding of how nanomaterial physical properties control biological interactions. Nanocalorimetry is suitable where high sensitivity and high-rate thermal and thermodynamic measurements are needed. Because of their small size and rapid measurement speed, nanocalorimeters can be used for single measurements or with high throughput automation. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2012, 4:3141. doi: 10.1002/wnan.155
C1 [Yi, Feng; La Van, David A.] NIST, Div Ceram, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP La Van, DA (reprint author), NIST, Div Ceram, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM david.lavan@nist.gov
NR 59
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 3
U2 32
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1939-5116
J9 WIRES NANOMED NANOBI
JI Wiley Interdiscip. Rev.-Nanomed. Nanobiotechnol.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2012
VL 4
IS 1
BP 31
EP 41
DI 10.1002/wnan.155
PG 11
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 864SD
UT WOS:000298259400003
PM 21766469
ER
PT J
AU Franaszek, M
Cheok, GS
Saidi, KS
AF Franaszek, Marek
Cheok, Geraldine S.
Saidi, Kamel S.
TI Experimental Verification of Formulas for Variances of Plane Parameters
Fitted to Three-Dimensional Imaging Data
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Directional error function; nonlinear least squares (NLS); orthogonal
error function; variances of fitted plane parameters; 3-D imaging
systems
ID RANGE DATA; 3D
AB Nonlinear least squares method is applied to fit a plane to 3-D imaging data. Two different error functions used in fitting are tested: orthogonal and directional. Variances of fitted parameters are calculated either from a single data set using derived earlier analytical formulas or by repeating the scans at the same experimental settings. In the latter case, the variance is equal to the square of the standard deviation from the repeated scans. The results show that the orthogonal error function severely underestimates the variances calculated by using the mathematical formulas when compared to the variances calculated from multiple scans. The variances calculated from formulas based on the directional error function are in good agreement with the estimates calculated from multiple scans. Thus, the variances of the fitted plane parameter can be determined correctly from a single scan when proper formulas are used. This is important because multiple scans from the same location are typically not performed in the field.
C1 [Franaszek, Marek; Cheok, Geraldine S.; Saidi, Kamel S.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Franaszek, M (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM marek@nist.gov; cheok@nist.gov; kamel.saidi@nist.gov
NR 20
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9456
J9 IEEE T INSTRUM MEAS
JI IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 61
IS 1
BP 103
EP 110
DI 10.1109/TIM.2011.2157720
PG 8
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 860JG
UT WOS:000297944000012
ER
PT J
AU Robertson, D
AF Robertson, Doug
TI Multidimensional Mind Benders
SO AMERICAN SCIENTIST
LA English
DT Letter
C1 Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Robertson, D (reprint author), Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SIGMA XI-SCI RES SOC
PI RES TRIANGLE PK
PA PO BOX 13975, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709 USA
SN 0003-0996
J9 AM SCI
JI Am. Scientist
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2012
VL 100
IS 1
BP 4
EP 4
PG 1
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 860PX
UT WOS:000297961300006
ER
PT J
AU Yi, Z
Nagao, M
Bossev, DP
AF Yi, Zheng
Nagao, Michihiro
Bossev, Dobrin P.
TI Effect of charged lidocaine on static and dynamic properties of model
bio-membranes
SO BIOPHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Lidocaine; Phospholipid; Membrane; Neutron spin echo; Bending elasticity
ID NEUTRON SPIN-ECHO; ANESTHETIC-LIPID INTERACTION; LOCAL-ANESTHETICS;
UNILAMELLAR VESICLES; PHOSPHOLIPID-BILAYERS; SODIUM-CHANNELS; SATURATED
PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINES; PARTITION-COEFFICIENTS; PREFERENTIAL LOCATION;
BIOLOGICAL-MEMBRANES
AB The effect of the charged lidocaine on the structure and dynamics of DMPC/DMPG (mass fraction of 95/5) unilamellar vesicles has been investigated. Changes in membrane organization caused by the presence of lidocaine were detected through small angle neutron scattering experiments. Our results suggest that the presence of lidocaine in the vicinity of the headgroups of lipid membranes leads to an increase of the area per lipid molecule and to a decrease of membrane thickness. Such changes in membrane structure may induce disordering of the tail group. This scenario explains the reduction of the main transition temperature of lipid membranes, as the fraction of lidocaine per lipid molecules increases, which was evident from differential scanning calorimetry results. Furthermore neutron spin echo spectroscopy was used for the dynamics measurements and the results reveal that presence of charged lidocaine increases the bending elasticity of the lipid membranes in the fluid phase and slows the temperature-dependent change of bending elasticity across the main transition temperature. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bossev, Dobrin P.] Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Explorat Energy & Matter, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
[Yi, Zheng] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, UT ORNL Ctr Mol Biophys, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Nagao, Michihiro] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Bossev, DP (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Explorat Energy & Matter, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
EM dbossev@indiana.edu
RI Yi, Zheng/F-7539-2011
FU National Science Foundation [DMR-944772]; National Institute of
Standards and Technology, U.S. Department of Commerce
FX The authors acknowledge Tatiana Psurek for her help to our DSC
measurements. This work utilized facilities supported in part by the
National Science Foundation under Agreement No. DMR-944772. We
acknowledge the support of the National Institute of Standards and
Technology, U.S. Department of Commerce, in providing the neutron
research facilities used in this work. We thank Antonio Faraone for his
valuable discussion and his help with the data collection at NCNR and
Larry Kneller for his support in our data analysis.
NR 83
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 4
U2 28
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0301-4622
J9 BIOPHYS CHEM
JI Biophys. Chem.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 160
IS 1
BP 20
EP 27
DI 10.1016/j.bpc.2011.08.007
PG 8
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Chemistry, Physical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Chemistry
GA 860QL
UT WOS:000297962700003
PM 21982983
ER
PT J
AU Bentz, DP
Sato, T
de la Varga, I
Weiss, WJ
AF Bentz, Dale P.
Sato, Taijiro
de la Varga, Igor
Weiss, W. Jason
TI Fine limestone additions to regulate setting in high volume fly ash
mixtures
SO CEMENT & CONCRETE COMPOSITES
LA English
DT Article
DE Blended cement; High volume fly ash; Isothermal calorimetry; Limestone;
Particle size; Setting; Strength; Ternary blend
ID CEMENT; HYDRATION; POWDER; FILLER
AB High volume fly ash (HVFA) concrete mixtures are being considered more frequently due to their cost and sustainability advantages. While the long term performance of these HVFA concretes typically meets or exceeds that of conventional concretes, their early age performance is often characterized by excessive retardation of the hydration reactions, delayed setting times, and low strengths. Extending an HVFA mixture to a ternary blend that incorporates a fine limestone powder may provide a viable solution to these deficiencies, particularly the hydration retardation and setting issues. In this paper, a nano-limestone powder and two other limestone fillers of increasing median particle size (4.4 mu m and 16.4 mu m) are investigated for their propensity to accelerate early age reactions and reduce setting times in a Class C fly ash/cement blend. The fineness of the limestone has measurable effects on its efficacy in accelerating hydration and decreasing setting times. Companion specimens prepared with a fine silica powder suggest that the fine limestone may act favorably through both a physical and a chemical mechanism. Isothermal calorimetry and Vicat needle penetration measurements on pastes are accompanied by strength measurements on mortars, to verify that the limestone powder substitutions are not negatively impacting strength development. A linear relationship with a reasonable correlation is found to exist between 1 d and 7 d compressive strengths of mortars and their accompanying cumulative heat release values as determined using isothermal calorimetry. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Bentz, Dale P.] NIST, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Sato, Taijiro] Natl Res Council Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A OR6, Canada.
[de la Varga, Igor; Weiss, W. Jason] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Bentz, DP (reprint author), NIST, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM dale.bentz@nist.gov; Taijiro.Sato@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca; idelavar@purdue.edu;
wjweiss@purdue.edu
FU Purdue University; NIST [DTFH61-08-R-00034]
FX The authors of this work acknowledge the Federal Highway Administration
(FHWA) for partially supporting this project together with Purdue
University and NIST (Project BAA No. DTFH61-08-R-00034). The contents of
this paper reflect the views of the authors, who are responsible for the
facts and the accuracy of the data presented herein, and do not
necessarily reflect the official views or policies of the Federal
Highway Administration, nor do the contents constitute a standard,
specification, or regulation. The authors would like to thank Mr. Max
Peltz and Mr. John Win-pigler of the Engineering Laboratory at NIST for
their assistance with the experimental program. They would also like to
thank BASF, Carmeuse, Lafarge, and OMYA for providing materials for the
current study. A careful review of the manuscript by Richard Meininger,
Jose Munoz, and Jussara Tanesi of the FHWA is greatly appreciated.
NR 26
TC 54
Z9 54
U1 5
U2 39
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0958-9465
J9 CEMENT CONCRETE COMP
JI Cem. Concr. Compos.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 34
IS 1
BP 11
EP 17
DI 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2011.09.004
PG 7
WC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science, Composites
SC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science
GA 860RQ
UT WOS:000297965800002
ER
PT S
AU Lehman, JH
Monte, C
Hollandt, J
Theocharous, T
Theocharous, S
Dowell, M
AF Lehman, John H.
Monte, Christian
Hollandt, Joerg
Theocharous, Theo
Theocharous, Savva
Dowell, Marla
GP IEEE
TI Efficiency of Carbon Nanotubes for Thermal Detectors
SO 2012 37TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFRARED, MILLIMETER, AND
TERAHERTZ WAVES (IRMMW-THZ)
SE International Conference on Infrared Millimeter and Terahertz Waves
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 37th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz
Waves (IRMMW-THz)
CY SEP 23-28, 2012
CL Univ Wollongong, Wollongong, AUSTRALIA
SP IEEE, USN, Off Naval Res Sci & Technol, ETRI, UOW, Sch Engn Phys, Ctr Ultrahigh Bandwidth Devices Opt Syst, Victoria Suntech Adv Solar Facil, Swinburne, Ctr Micro Photon, Edinburgh Photon, Tydex, TRAS Inc, Inst Photon & Opt Sci, LakeShore, Australian Synchrotron, CSIRO, Univ Wollongong, Inst Superconducting & Elect Mat, Ctr Med Radiat Phys, Univ Sydney, IEEE Microwave Theory & Tech Soc
HO Univ Wollongong
AB We discuss methods of adapting carbon nanotube arrays to various thermal detector platforms. In addition we present measurement results that underscore their merit. Specifically, we present reflectance measurements in the far infrared (30 THz to 0.5 THz) and spectral responsivity of pyroelectric and thermopile detectors.
C1 [Lehman, John H.; Dowell, Marla] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Lehman, JH (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 2162-2027
BN 978-1-4673-1597-5
J9 INT CONF INFRA MILLI
PY 2012
PG 1
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA BJT74
UT WOS:000330301800172
ER
PT B
AU Kamide, H
Mae, Y
Kawabe, K
Shigemi, S
Arai, T
AF Kamide, Hiroko
Mae, Yasushi
Kawabe, Koji
Shigemi, Satoshi
Arai, Tatsuo
GP IEEE
TI Effect of Human Attributes and Type of Robots on Psychological
Evaluation of Humanoids
SO 2012 IEEE WORKSHOP ON ADVANCED ROBOTICS AND ITS SOCIAL IMPACTS (ARSO)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT IEEE Workshop on Advanced Robotics and its Social Impacts (ARSO)
CY MAY 21-23, 2012
CL Tech Univ Munchen, Munich, GERMANY
SP IEEE, Robot & Automat Soc, Aldebaran Robot, Sensodrive, Cluster Excellence Cognit Tech Syst, TUM, Inst Adv Study
HO Tech Univ Munchen
AB In this study, we investigate the effect of the attributes of humans, such as sex and age, on their psychological evaluation of humanoids. We used 11 humanoids in order to investigate the basic tendency of humans to evaluate humanoids. In addition, we included wheeled-walking robots, biped-walking robots, and androids in order to consider the influence of the type of humanoid. We collected data from 2,624 Japanese individuals, ranging from teenagers to people in their 70s, in three major cities in order to obtain maximally representative data. For our psychological scale, we used a humanoid-oriented scale that was developed on the basis of parameters for the evaluation of humanoids according to the perspectives of ordinary people. These parameters are familiarity, utility, and humanness. The results show that middle-aged and older females tend to rate the familiarity and humanness of all humanoids higher, adolescents tend to rate the familiarity and utility of wheeled-walking humanoids higher and the utility of androids lower, and middle-aged people tend to rate the utility of all humanoids higher. We discuss the improved design of humanoids considering both human characteristics and types of humanoids.
C1 [Kamide, Hiroko] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Mae, Yasushi] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
[Mae, Yasushi] Colorado State Univ, Dept Phys, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Kawabe, Koji] Univ Colorado, Dept Elect Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Kamide, H (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM HirokoKamide@boulder.nist.gov; YasushiMae@lamar.colostate.edu;
KojiKawabe@nrim.go.jp
FU ABC Foundation
FX Resrach supported by ABC Foundation.
NR 29
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 3
PU IEEE
PI NEW YORK
PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
BN 978-1-4673-0482-5; 978-1-4673-0481-8
PY 2012
BP 40
EP 45
PG 6
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical &
Electronic; Robotics
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Robotics
GA BJK10
UT WOS:000328584400008
ER
PT S
AU Kacker, R
Kessel, R
Sommer, KD
AF Kacker, Raghu
Kessel, Ruediger
Sommer, Klaus-Dieter
BE Pavese, F
Bar, M
Filtz, JR
Forbes, AB
Pendrill, L
Shirono, K
TI ONLY NON-INFORMATIVE BAYESIAN PRIOR DISTRIBUTIONS AGREE WITH THE GUM
TYPE A EVALUATIONS OF INPUT QUANTITIES
SO ADVANCED MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTATIONAL TOOLS IN METROLOGY AND TESTING
IX
SE Series on Advances in Mathematics for Applied Sciences
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th Conference on Advanced Mathematical and Computational Tool in
Metrology and Testing (AMC TM)
CY JUN 20-22, 2011
CL Gothenburg, SWEDEN
SP IMEKO TC 21, SP, Chalmers Univ
AB The Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM) is self-consistent when Bayesian statistics is used for the Type A evaluations. We present the case that there are limitations on the kind of Bayesian statistics that can be used for the Type A evaluations of input quantities of the measurement function. The GUM recommends that the (central) measured value should be an unbiased estimate of the corresponding (true) quantity value. Also, the GUM uses the expected value of state-of-knowledge probability distributions as the (central) measured value for both the Type A and the Type B evaluations of input quantities. It turns out that the expected value of a Bayesian posterior distribution used as a Type A (central) measured value for an input quantity can be unbiased only when a non-informative prior distribution is used for that input quantity. Metrologically, this means that only the current observations without any additional information should be used to determine a Type A (central) measured value for an input quantity.
C1 [Kacker, Raghu; Kessel, Ruediger] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Sommer, Klaus-Dieter] Phys Tech Bundesanstalt, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany.
RP Kacker, R (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
PI SINGAPORE
PA PO BOX 128 FARRER RD, SINGAPORE 9128, SINGAPORE
SN 1793-0901
BN 978-981-4397-94-0
J9 SER ADV MATH APPL SC
PY 2012
VL 84
BP 216
EP 223
PG 8
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary
Applications
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Mathematics
GA BC2LE
UT WOS:000351050200027
ER
PT S
AU Li, B
Godil, A
Johan, H
AF Li, Bo
Godil, Afzal
Johan, Henry
BE Bebis, G
Boyle, R
Parvin, B
Koracin, D
Fowlkes, C
Wang, S
Choi, MH
Mantler, S
Schulze, J
Acevedo, D
Mueller, K
Papka, M
TI Non-rigid and Partial 3D Model Retrieval Using Hybrid Shape Descriptor
and Meta Similarity
SO ADVANCES IN VISUAL COMPUTING, ISVC 2012, PT I
SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 8th International Symposium on Visual Computing (ISVC)
CY JUL 16-18, 2012
CL Rethymnon, GREECE
SP BAE Syst, Intel, Ford, Hewlett Packard, Mitsubishi Elect Res Labs, Toyota, Gen Elect, UNR Comp Vis Lab, Desert Res Inst, Berkeley Lab, NASA
AB Non-rigid and partial 3D model retrieval are two significant and challenging research directions in the field of 3D model retrieval. Little work has been done in proposing a hybrid shape descriptor that works for both retrieval scenarios, let alone the integration of the component features of the hybrid shape descriptor in an adaptive way. In this paper, we propose a hybrid shape descriptor that integrates both geodesic distance-based global features and curvature-based local features. We also develop an adaptive algorithm to generate meta similarity resulting from different component features of the hybrid shape descriptor based on Particle Swarm Optimization. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and advantages of our framework. It is general and can be applied to similar approaches that integrate more features for the development of a single algorithm for both non-rigid and partial 3D model retrieval.
C1 [Li, Bo; Godil, Afzal] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Johan, Henry] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Comp Engn, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
RP Li, B (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM bo.li@nist.gov; afzal.godil@nist.gov; henryjohan@ntu.edu.sg
NR 19
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0302-9743
BN 978-3-642-33179-4
J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC
PY 2012
VL 7431
BP 199
EP 209
PG 11
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Information
Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Mathematical &
Computational Biology
SC Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational Biology
GA BD7LL
UT WOS:000363266600020
ER
PT S
AU Arkema, KK
Samhouri, JF
AF Arkema, Katie K.
Samhouri, Jameal F.
BE Stephenson, RL
Annala, JH
Runge, JA
HallArber, M
TI Linking Ecosystem Health and Services to Inform Marine Ecosystem-Based
Management
SO ADVANCING AN ECOSYSTEM APPROACH IN THE GULF OF MARINE
SE American Fisheries Society Symposium
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Gulf of Maine Symposium: Advancing Ecosystem Research for the Future of
the Gulf
CY OCT 04-09, 2009
CL St Andrews, CANADA
SP Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Fisheries & Oceans Canada
ID FOOD-WEB MODELS; FISHERIES MANAGEMENT; ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS;
RESOURCE-MANAGEMENT; CONSERVATION; BIODIVERSITY; ECOPATH; CLIMATE;
WHALES; ECOSIM
AB A growing variety and intensity of human activities threaten the health of marine ecosystems and the sustained delivery of services provided by oceans and coasts. The Gulf of Maine (GoM) is no exception to this trend, and as such, an ecosystem-based approach to managing the region has gained traction in recent years. The ultimate aim of marine ecosystem-based management (EBM) is to maintain ecosystem health (i.e., structure and function) and to sustain the full suite of ecosystem services on which people rely. Maintaining ecosystem health and sustaining services are related goals, both from a scientific and management perspective, yet in some cases, the interplay between the two is not well understood. Here, we examine relationships between attributes of ecosystem health and ecosystem services. In particular, we explore how outputs from ecosystem models, originally developed for ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM), can be used to quantify and value services of particular relevance to the GoM environments and human populations. We highlight services, such as the provisioning of food from fisheries, that ecosystem models are well equipped to inform and reveal where more work is needed to value other services, such as the protection from erosion and inundation afforded by coastal habitats. EBM also requires knowledge about the costs and benefits of management decisions for humans and ecosystems. We demonstrate how ecosystem models can be used to explicitly illustrate trade-offs between attributes of ecosystem health and ecosystem services that result from alternative management scenarios. By bridging the gap between models developed for EBFM and ecosystem service models, we identify existing science and future needs for informing an ecosystem approach to managing the GoM.
C1 [Arkema, Katie K.] Stanford Univ, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Nat Capital Project, NOAA Fisheries, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Samhouri, Jameal F.] Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commiss, Portland, OR USA.
[Samhouri, Jameal F.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Conservat Biol Div, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Arkema, KK (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Nat Capital Project, NOAA Fisheries, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM karkema@stanford.edu
NR 82
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 3
U2 16
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
SN 0892-2284
BN 978-1-934874-30-1
J9 AM FISH S S
JI Am. Fish. Soc. Symp.
PY 2012
VL 79
BP 9
EP +
PG 6
WC Ecology; Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA BB5UJ
UT WOS:000344125500002
ER
PT S
AU Hare, JA
Kane, J
AF Hare, Jonathan A.
Kane, Joseph
BE Stephenson, RL
Annala, JH
Runge, JA
HallArber, M
TI Zooplankton of the Gulf of Maine-A Changing Perspective
SO ADVANCING AN ECOSYSTEM APPROACH IN THE GULF OF MARINE
SE American Fisheries Society Symposium
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Gulf of Maine Symposium: Advancing Ecosystem Research for the Future of
the Gulf
CY OCT 04-09, 2009
CL St Andrews, CANADA
SP Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Fisheries & Oceans Canada
ID NORTH-ATLANTIC OSCILLATION; POLLOCK THERAGRA-CHALCOGRAMMA; PACIFIC
REGIME SHIFTS; CALANUS-FINMARCHICUS; GEORGES-BANK; CLIMATE VARIABILITY;
MARINE ECOSYSTEMS; PHYTOPLANKTON BLOOMS; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; FISH
RECRUITMENT
AB Numerous studies have examined the dynamics of zooplankton in the Gulf of Maine. Here the authors reanalyze relationships found in these prior studies, using updated data, with the goal of evaluating previously identified zooplankton-environment linkages. These reanalyses support the finding that major changes occurred in the zooplankton community during the late 1980s and again in the late 1990s. Evidence for a broader change in the ecosystem during these periods and mechanisms responsible for changes in the zooplankton are discussed. In general, the results of previous studies are upheld, but it is shown that the relationship between the environmental indicators and zooplankton change through time. This result implies that all data collected in the Gulf of Maine must be considered within a historical context and that the observed environmental-zooplankton linkages are still not well understood. It is possible that changes in the seasonal cycle or shifts in the pressures systems responsible for the North Atlantic oscillation result in nonstationary environmental-zooplankton relations. These results indicate that a mechanistic understanding is required to explain the documented environment-zooplankton linkages rather than correlative explanations. Since the causes of the late-1980s and late-1990s regime shifts are still unclear, future ecosystem-based management in the Gulf of Maine must be supported by continued observation and analysis to identify ecosystem changes soon after they occur. Scenario-driven modeling also is needed to provide guidance as to how the ecosystem will respond to future changes in zooplankton abundance and community structure.
C1 [Hare, Jonathan A.; Kane, Joseph] NOAA, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Narragansett Lab, Narragansett, RI 02818 USA.
RP Hare, JA (reprint author), NOAA, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Narragansett Lab, 28 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI 02818 USA.
EM jon.hare@noaa.gov
NR 78
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
SN 0892-2284
BN 978-1-934874-30-1
J9 AM FISH S S
JI Am. Fish. Soc. Symp.
PY 2012
VL 79
BP 115
EP 137
PG 23
WC Ecology; Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA BB5UJ
UT WOS:000344125500011
ER
PT S
AU Fogarty, MJ
Friedland, KD
Col, L
Gamble, R
Hare, J
Hyde, K
Link, JS
Lucey, S
Liu, H
Nye, J
Overholtz, WJ
Richardson, D
Rountree, B
Taylor, M
AF Fogarty, Michael J.
Friedland, Kevin D.
Col, Laurel
Gamble, Robert
Hare, Jonathan
Hyde, Kimberly
Link, Jason S.
Lucey, Sean
Liu, Hui
Nye, Janet
Overholtz, William J.
Richardson, David
Rountree, B.
Taylor, Maureen
BE Stephenson, RL
Annala, JH
Runge, JA
HallArber, M
TI Status of the Northeast US Continental Shelf Large Marine Ecosystem: An
Indicator-Based Approach
SO ADVANCING AN ECOSYSTEM APPROACH IN THE GULF OF MARINE
SE American Fisheries Society Symposium
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Gulf of Maine Symposium: Advancing Ecosystem Research for the Future of
the Gulf
CY OCT 04-09, 2009
CL St Andrews, CANADA
SP Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Fisheries & Oceans Canada
ID GEORGES-BANK; EXTENDED RECONSTRUCTION; FISHERIES MANAGEMENT; FOOD WEBS;
COMMUNITY; IMPACT; TEMPERATURES; OSCILLATION; TRENDS
AB The northeast U.S. Continental Shelf large marine ecosystem (NES LME) has supported important commercial fisheries for several centuries. The NES LME has experienced structural change due to both intensive exploitation and physical forcing in relation to broader climate impacts in the North Atlantic over the past several decades. Here, we examine the combined effects of anthropogenic and environmental factors on the state of the NES LME using a driver-pressure-state-impact-response framework to structure our assessment of patterns of change in this system.
We partitioned both drivers and pressures according to natural and anthropogenic sources. Ecological state variables encompassed a broad spectrum of trophic levels. Impact metrics are based on economic trends in the fisheries. To represent regulatory responses, we trace the history of management actions in this region over the past five decades.
The critical importance of changes in temperature and water column stratification in ecosystem change, in relation to bottom-up forcing, is identified using canonical redundancy analysis. Analysis of anthropogenic pressures indicate a clear effect of fishing pressure, and removals due to fishing, in the dynamics of fish communities in the region, highlighting an important top-down control mechanism. Analysis of zooplankton community dynamics confirms previous indications of a regime-like change in species composition during the 1990s. Observed changes in fish community dynamics appears to be most clearly related to large-scale switches from a demersal to a pelagic fish dominated system and to changes within the demersal fish community itself
C1 [Fogarty, Michael J.; Col, Laurel; Gamble, Robert; Link, Jason S.; Lucey, Sean; Liu, Hui; Nye, Janet; Overholtz, William J.; Rountree, B.; Taylor, Maureen] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Friedland, Kevin D.; Hare, Jonathan; Hyde, Kimberly; Richardson, David] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
RP Fogarty, MJ (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM michael.fogarty@noaa.gov
NR 46
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
SN 0892-2284
BN 978-1-934874-30-1
J9 AM FISH S S
JI Am. Fish. Soc. Symp.
PY 2012
VL 79
BP 139
EP +
PG 6
WC Ecology; Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA BB5UJ
UT WOS:000344125500012
ER
PT S
AU Johnson, CL
Hare, JA
AF Johnson, Catherine L.
Hare, Jonathan A.
BE Stephenson, RL
Annala, JH
Runge, JA
HallArber, M
TI Zooplankton Monitoring in the Gulf of Maine: Past, Present, and Future
SO ADVANCING AN ECOSYSTEM APPROACH IN THE GULF OF MARINE
SE American Fisheries Society Symposium
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Gulf of Maine Symposium: Advancing Ecosystem Research for the Future of
the Gulf
CY OCT 04-09, 2009
CL St Andrews, CANADA
SP Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Fisheries & Oceans Canada
ID CONTINUOUS PLANKTON RECORDER; HERRING CLUPEA-HARENGUS; US
CONTINENTAL-SHELF; GEORGES-BANK; NORTH-ATLANTIC; SIMULATION EXPERIMENTS;
CALANUS-FINMARCHICUS; FISH POPULATIONS; SCOTIAN SHELF; TOWING SPEED
AB Zooplankton communities perform a critical role as secondary producers in marine ecosystems. They are vulnerable to climate-induced changes in the marine environment, including temperature, stratification, and circulation, but the effects of these changes are difficult to discern without sustained ocean monitoring. The physical, chemical, and biological environment of the Gulf of Maine, including Georges Bank, is strongly influenced by inflow from the Scotian Shelf and through the Northeast Channel, and thus observations both in the Gulf of Maine and in upstream regions are necessary to understand plankton variability and change in the Gulf of Maine. Large-scale, quasi synoptic plankton surveys have been performed in the Gulf of Maine since Bigelow's work at the beginning of the 20th century. More recently, ongoing plankton monitoring efforts include Continuous Plankton Recorder sampling in the Gulf of Maine and on the Scotian Shelf, U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service's MARMAP (Marine Resources Monitoring, Assessment, and Prediction) and EcoMon (Ecosystem Monitoring) programs sampling the northeast U.S. Continental Shelf, including the Gulf of Maine, and Fisheries and Oceans Canada's Atlantic Zone Monitoring Program on the Scotian Shelf and in the eastern Gulf of Maine. Here, we review and compare past and ongoing zooplankton monitoring programs in the Gulf of Maine region, including Georges Bank and the western Scotian Shelf, to facilitate retrospective analysis and broadscale synthesis of zooplankton dynamics in the Gulf of Maine. Additional sustained sampling at greater-than-monthly frequency at selected sites in the Gulf of Maine would be necessary to detect changes in phenology (i.e. seasonal timing of biological events). Sustained zooplankton sampling in critical nearshore fish habitats and in key feeding areas for upper trophic level organisms, such as marine mammals and seabirds, would yield significant insights into their dynamics. The ecosystem dynamics of the Gulf of Maine are strongly influenced by large-scale forcing and variability in upstream inflow. Improved coordination of sampling and data analysis among monitoring programs, effective data management, and use of multiple modeling approaches will all enhance the mechanistic understanding of the structure and function of the Gulf of Maine pelagic ecosystem.
C1 [Johnson, Catherine L.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Bedford Inst Oceanog, POB 1006, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada.
[Hare, Jonathan A.] Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA, NMFS, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
RP Johnson, CL (reprint author), Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Bedford Inst Oceanog, POB 1006, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada.
EM catherine.johnson@dfo-mpo.gc.ca
NR 82
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 13
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
SN 0892-2284
BN 978-1-934874-30-1
J9 AM FISH S S
JI Am. Fish. Soc. Symp.
PY 2012
VL 79
BP 205
EP +
PG 6
WC Ecology; Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA BB5UJ
UT WOS:000344125500015
ER
PT S
AU Fogarty, MJ
Townsend, DW
Klein, E
AF Fogarty, Michael J.
Townsend, David W.
Klein, Emily
BE Stephenson, RL
Annala, JH
Runge, JA
HallArber, M
TI Advances in Understanding Ecosystem Structure and Function in the Gulf
of Maine
SO ADVANCING AN ECOSYSTEM APPROACH IN THE GULF OF MARINE
SE American Fisheries Society Symposium
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Gulf of Maine Symposium: Advancing Ecosystem Research for the Future of
the Gulf
CY OCT 04-09, 2009
CL St Andrews, CANADA
SP Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Fisheries & Oceans Canada
ID ANALYSIS-EXERCISE EMAX; GEORGES-BANK; NORTH-ATLANTIC; FISHERIES
MANAGEMENT; POPULATIONS; BLOOMS; GLOBEC; OCEAN; COMMUNITIES; PLANKTON
AB Here we summarize presentations given at the theme session "Structure and Function of the Gulf of Maine System" of the 2009 Gulf of Maine Symposium Advancing Ecosystem Research for the Future of the Gulf, covering a broad spectrum of multidisciplinary research underway in one of the world's most intensively studied marine systems. Our objective was to attempt a synthesis of the current ecological and oceanographic understanding of the Gulf of Maine and, in particular, to document progress in these areas since the 1996 Gulf of Maine Ecosystem Dynamics Symposium more than a decade earlier. Presentations at the session covered issues ranging from habitat structure and function, biodiversity, population structure, trophic ecology, the intersection of the biological, chemical and physical oceanography of the region, and the dynamics of economically important species. Important strides in characterizing the broader dimensions of biodiversity in the region, the establishment of new sampling programs and the availability of new sensor arrays, and the renewed emphasis synthesis and integration to meet the emerging needs for ecosystem-based management in the gulf have all contributed to a deepened appreciation of its dynamical structure. The critical importance of the ecosystem goods and services provided by the gulf, and the factors affecting the sustainable delivery of these services, was clearly demonstrated in the course of the session. 'The papers presented at the session made it clear how far we have come and how far we need to go to ensure the sustainable delivery of these services into the future.
C1 [Fogarty, Michael J.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Townsend, David W.] Univ Maine, Sch Marine Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Klein, Emily] Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
RP Fogarty, MJ (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM michael.fogarty@noaa.gov
NR 46
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 7
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
SN 0892-2284
BN 978-1-934874-30-1
J9 AM FISH S S
JI Am. Fish. Soc. Symp.
PY 2012
VL 79
BP 261
EP +
PG 4
WC Ecology; Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA BB5UJ
UT WOS:000344125500019
ER
PT S
AU Link, JS
Bundy, A
AF Link, Jason S.
Bundy, Alida
BE Stephenson, RL
Annala, JH
Runge, JA
HallArber, M
TI Ecosystem Modeling in the Gulf of Maine Region: Towards an Ecosystem
Approach to Fisheries
SO ADVANCING AN ECOSYSTEM APPROACH IN THE GULF OF MARINE
SE American Fisheries Society Symposium
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Gulf of Maine Symposium: Advancing Ecosystem Research for the Future of
the Gulf
CY OCT 04-09, 2009
CL St Andrews, CANADA
SP Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Fisheries & Oceans Canada
ID CONTINENTAL-SHELF ECOSYSTEM; GEORGES-BANK ECOSYSTEM; PROGNOSTIC
NUMERICAL-MODEL; CONSUMER-RESOURCE DYNAMICS; PREDATION MORTALITY;
NETWORK ANALYSIS; FISH COMMUNITY; MARINE ECOSYSTEMS; POPULATION-MODEL;
PHYSICAL MODEL
AB As we move towards an ecosystem approach to fisheries (EAF) in the Gulf of Maine (GoM), it is valuable to collectively gauge where we have been, where we are now, and where we anticipate we might be headed with respect to ecosystem modeling. We do so by providing a brief history of ecosystem modeling in the GoM region, focused on a set of network models at various points in time over the past 70 years. We then describe current and ongoing ecosystem modeling efforts in the GoM region, with a particular emphasis on how they are being used in a living marine resource (LMR) management context. We then discuss how such models could be used to advance an EAF in the near term with a focus on the appropriate application of classes of models for addressing various types of research and management questions. Finally, we highlight major lessons learned from our modeling endeavors in an LMR context in the GoM region, so that we and other regions around the world can continue to move towards an EAR
C1 [Link, Jason S.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Bundy, Alida] Becybrd Inst Oceanog, Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada.
RP Link, JS (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM jason.link@noaa.gov
NR 152
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
SN 0892-2284
BN 978-1-934874-30-1
J9 AM FISH S S
JI Am. Fish. Soc. Symp.
PY 2012
VL 79
BP 281
EP +
PG 9
WC Ecology; Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA BB5UJ
UT WOS:000344125500021
ER
PT S
AU Friedland, KD
Manning, JP
Link, JS
AF Friedland, Kevin D.
Manning, James P.
Link, Jason S.
BE Stephenson, RL
Annala, JH
Runge, JA
HallArber, M
TI Thermal Phenological Factors Affecting the Survival of Atlantic Salmon
in the Gulf of Maine
SO ADVANCING AN ECOSYSTEM APPROACH IN THE GULF OF MARINE
SE American Fisheries Society Symposium
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Gulf of Maine Symposium: Advancing Ecosystem Research for the Future of
the Gulf
CY OCT 04-09, 2009
CL St Andrews, CANADA
SP Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Fisheries & Oceans Canada
ID POST-SMOLT GROWTH; FACTORS AFFECTING MIGRATION; MARINE SURVIVAL;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; NORTH-AMERICAN; SALAR L.; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; STREAM
TEMPERATURE; AIR-TEMPERATURE; STRIPED BASS
AB The marine survival of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar stocks in the Gulf of Maine area has declined as sea surface temperature in the coastal ocean has increased; in part, this change in recruitment can be attributed to a phenological mismatch between the timing of smolt migrations and initial conditions postsmolts find during their early marine phase. Salmon juvenile migrations to the ocean are released by photoperiod and spring transitional freshwater temperatures, neither of which have changed significantly in recent decades, thus actuating the migrations at nearly the same time each year. However, ocean water temperatures have increased during the spring transition period, suggesting that smolts have entered the ocean under varying physical and biological conditions. The phenological effect observed in the Gulf of Maine is consistent with the relationship observed for the North American stock complex. In light of recent findings related to the growth of postsmolts, the contrast in recruitment for North American salmon, and Gulf of Maine stocks in particular, appears to be the result of mortality that occurs during the first months at sea. This mortality covaries with the thermal changes in the coastal ocean, which we suspect is associated with variation in the predator field.
C1 [Friedland, Kevin D.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 28 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
[Manning, James P.; Link, Jason S.] NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Wood Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Friedland, KD (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 28 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
EM kevin.friedland@noaa.gov
NR 62
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
SN 0892-2284
BN 978-1-934874-30-1
J9 AM FISH S S
JI Am. Fish. Soc. Symp.
PY 2012
VL 79
BP 393
EP +
PG 5
WC Ecology; Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA BB5UJ
UT WOS:000344125500027
ER
PT B
AU Karplus, I
Thompson, AR
AF Karplus, Ilan
Thompson, Andrew Richard
BE Patzner, RA
VanTassell, JL
Kovacic, M
Kapoor, BG
TI The Partnership between Gobiid Fishes and Burrowing Alpheid Shrimps
SO BIOLOGY OF GOBIES
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID CRYPTOCENTRUS-STEINITZI PISCES; GENUS AMBLYELEOTRIS PISCES; NORTHERN
RED-SEA; PURPURILENTICULARIS CRUSTACEA; DJIBOUTENSIS ALPHEIDAE; TACTILE
COMMUNICATION; DEMOGRAPHICALLY OPEN; WESTERN PACIFIC; RYUKYU ISLANDS;
GOBY
C1 [Karplus, Ilan] Volcani Res Ctr, Inst Anim Sci, Aquaculture Res Unit, IL-20250 Bet Dagan, Israel.
[Thompson, Andrew Richard] NOAA, Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Karplus, I (reprint author), Volcani Res Ctr, Inst Anim Sci, Aquaculture Res Unit, POB 6, IL-20250 Bet Dagan, Israel.
EM karplus@agri.gov.il; andrew.thompson@noaa.gov
NR 96
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 7
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-1-4398-6233-9; 978-1-57808-436-4
PY 2012
BP 559
EP 607
PG 49
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA BC5LD
UT WOS:000353356500025
ER
PT S
AU Bernal, D
Carlson, JK
Goldman, KJ
Lowe, CG
AF Bernal, Diego
Carlson, John K.
Goldman, Kenneth J.
Lowe, Christopher G.
BE Carrier, JC
Musick, JA
Heithaus, MR
TI Energetics, Metabolism, and Endothermy in Sharks and Rays
SO Biology of Sharks and Their Relatives, 2nd Edition
SE CRC Marine Biology Series
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID LARGE WATER TUNNEL; TUNA SWIMMING PERFORMANCE; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
BIGHT; DIEL VERTICAL MIGRATION; OFFSHORE FORAGING AREA; COMMON THRESHER
SHARK; JUVENILE MAKO SHARKS; OXYGEN-CONSUMPTION; BLUEFIN TUNA;
CARCHARODON-CARCHARIAS
C1 [Bernal, Diego] Univ Massachusetts Dartmouth, Dept Biol, N Dartmouth, MA 02747 USA.
[Carlson, John K.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Panama City, FL USA.
[Goldman, Kenneth J.] Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Div Commercial Fisheries, Homer, AK USA.
[Lowe, Christopher G.] Calif State Univ Long Beach, Dept Biol Sci, Long Beach, CA 90840 USA.
RP Bernal, D (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts Dartmouth, Dept Biol, N Dartmouth, MA 02747 USA.
NR 165
TC 19
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 10
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
SN 2154-7769
BN 978-1-4398-3926-3; 978-1-4398-3924-9
J9 CRC MAR BIOL SER
JI CRC Mar. Biol. Ser.
PY 2012
BP 211
EP 237
D2 10.1201/b11867
PG 27
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA BC5LK
UT WOS:000353358700008
ER
PT S
AU Wetherbee, BM
Cortes, E
Bizzarro, JJ
AF Wetherbee, Bradley M.
Cortes, Enric
Bizzarro, Joseph J.
BE Carrier, JC
Musick, JA
Heithaus, MR
TI Food Consumption and Feeding Habits
SO Biology of Sharks and Their Relatives, 2nd Edition
SE CRC Marine Biology Series
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID PROTECTIVE GILL NETS; STANDARDIZED DIET COMPOSITIONS; SHARK
CARCHARODON-CARCHARIAS; NEGAPRION-BREVIROSTRIS POEY; SCALLOPED
HAMMERHEAD SHARKS; SQUALUS-ACANTHIAS LINNAEUS; WESTERN-AUSTRALIAN
WATERS; DOGFISH MUSTELUS-MANAZO; SCYLIORHINUS-CANICULA L; UPPER
CONTINENTAL-SLOPE
C1 [Wetherbee, Bradley M.] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Biol Sci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[Cortes, Enric] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Panama City, FL USA.
[Bizzarro, Joseph J.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Wetherbee, BM (reprint author), Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Biol Sci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
NR 341
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 11
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
SN 2154-7769
BN 978-1-4398-3926-3; 978-1-4398-3924-9
J9 CRC MAR BIOL SER
JI CRC Mar. Biol. Ser.
PY 2012
BP 239
EP 264
D2 10.1201/b11867
PG 26
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA BC5LK
UT WOS:000353358700009
ER
PT S
AU Conrath, CL
Musick, JA
AF Conrath, Christina L.
Musick, John A.
BE Carrier, JC
Musick, JA
Heithaus, MR
TI Reproductive Biology of Elasmobranchs
SO Biology of Sharks and Their Relatives, 2nd Edition
SE CRC Marine Biology Series
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID GALEUS-MELASTOMUS CHONDRICHTHYES; CARCHARHINUS-PLUMBEUS NARDO; SHARK
MUSTELUS-ANTARCTICUS; SCYLIORHINUS-CANICULA L; WESTERN NORTH-ATLANTIC;
GULF-OF-MEXICO; GINGLYMOSTOMA-CIRRATUM; SANDBAR SHARK;
EMBRYONIC-DEVELOPMENT; 2 POPULATIONS
C1 [Conrath, Christina L.] Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Kodiak Lab, Kodiak, AK 99615 USA.
[Musick, John A.] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
RP Conrath, CL (reprint author), Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Kodiak Lab, Kodiak, AK 99615 USA.
NR 152
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 6
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
SN 2154-7769
BN 978-1-4398-3926-3; 978-1-4398-3924-9
J9 CRC MAR BIOL SER
JI CRC Mar. Biol. Ser.
PY 2012
BP 291
EP 311
D2 10.1201/b11867
PG 21
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA BC5LK
UT WOS:000353358700011
ER
PT S
AU Goldman, KJ
Cailliet, GM
Andrews, AH
Natanson, LJ
AF Goldman, Kenneth J.
Cailliet, Gregor M.
Andrews, Allen H.
Natanson, Lisa J.
BE Carrier, JC
Musick, JA
Heithaus, MR
TI Assessing the Age and Growth of Chondrichthyan Fishes
SO Biology of Sharks and Their Relatives, 2nd Edition
SE CRC Marine Biology Series
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID WESTERN NORTH-ATLANTIC; DOGFISH SQUALUS-ACANTHIAS; SHARK
TRIAKIS-SEMIFASCIATA; POST-BOMB RADIOCARBON; DORSAL-FIN SPINES;
GULF-OF-MEXICO; VALIDATED AGE; LIFE-HISTORY; CARCHARHINUS-PLUMBEUS;
BACK-CALCULATION
C1 [Goldman, Kenneth J.] Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Div Commercial Fisheries, Homer, AK 99811 USA.
[Cailliet, Gregor M.] Moss Landing Marine Labs, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA.
[Andrews, Allen H.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Aiea, HI USA.
[Natanson, Lisa J.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Narragansett Lab, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
RP Goldman, KJ (reprint author), Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Div Commercial Fisheries, Homer, AK 99811 USA.
NR 199
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 3
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
SN 2154-7769
BN 978-1-4398-3926-3; 978-1-4398-3924-9
J9 CRC MAR BIOL SER
JI CRC Mar. Biol. Ser.
PY 2012
BP 423
EP 451
D2 10.1201/b11867
PG 29
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA BC5LK
UT WOS:000353358700015
ER
PT S
AU Cortes, E
Brooks, EN
Gedamke, T
AF Cortes, Enric
Brooks, Elizabeth N.
Gedamke, Todd
BE Carrier, JC
Musick, JA
Heithaus, MR
TI Population Dynamics, Demography, and Stock Assessment
SO Biology of Sharks and Their Relatives, 2nd Edition
SE CRC Marine Biology Series
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; WESTERN NORTH-ATLANTIC; SHARK TRIAKIS-SEMIFASCIATA;
DOGFISH SQUALUS-ACANTHIAS; ECOLOGICAL RISK-ASSESSMENT; SKATE
LEUCORAJA-OCELLATA; AUSTRALIAN TRAWL FISHERY; LIFE-HISTORY PARAMETERS;
AGE-STRUCTURED MODEL; NATURAL MORTALITY
C1 [Cortes, Enric] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Panama City, FL 32408 USA.
[Brooks, Elizabeth N.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Gedamke, Todd] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Miami, FL USA.
RP Cortes, E (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Panama City, FL 32408 USA.
NR 243
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
SN 2154-7769
BN 978-1-4398-3926-3; 978-1-4398-3924-9
J9 CRC MAR BIOL SER
JI CRC Mar. Biol. Ser.
PY 2012
BP 453
EP 485
D2 10.1201/b11867
PG 33
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA BC5LK
UT WOS:000353358700016
ER
PT J
AU Iadicola, MA
Zobel, RS
Ocel, JM
AF Iadicola, M. A.
Zobel, R. S.
Ocel, J. M.
BE Biondini, F
Frangopol, DM
TI Quantitative evaluation of digital image correlation as applied to
large-scale gusset plate experiments
SO BRIDGE MAINTENANCE, SAFETY, MANAGEMENT, RESILIENCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th International Conference on Bridge Maintenance, Safety and
Management (IABMAS)
CY JUL 08-12, 2012
CL Stresa, ITALY
SP Int Assoc Bridge Maintenance & Safety, Politecnico Milano
AB As part of the National Cooperative Highway Research Project 12-84 "Guidelines for the Load and Resistance Factor Design and Rating of Gusset-Plate Connections for Steel Bridges" the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) is performing large-scale gusset-plate experiments. The National Institute of Standards and Technology is working in conjunction with FHWA to perform digital image correlation (DIC) measurements during these experiments. This work focuses on a portion of the DIC measurements for one plate configuration, and presents a preliminary comparison of these data to other measurement methods being used: 3D laser position tracking, foil strain gauges, and photoelastic strain mapping. The results show qualitative agreement between full-field results of the methods in regards to measuring the initial shape and elastic strains. Additionally, a more quantitative comparison shows general agreement between the measurement methods within their uncertainty bounds.
C1 [Iadicola, M. A.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Iadicola, MA (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 8
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-0-415-62124-3
PY 2012
BP 1436
EP 1443
PG 8
WC Engineering, Civil
SC Engineering
GA BJJ58
UT WOS:000328502802018
ER
PT B
AU Burkett, V
Davidson, M
AF Burkett, Virginia
Davidson, Margaret
BE Burkett, V
Davidson, M
TI Coastal Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerabilities A Technical Input to
the 2013 National Climate Assessment Introduction and Context
SO COASTAL IMPACTS, ADAPTATION, AND VULNERABILITIES: A TECHNICAL INPUT TO
THE 2013 NATIONAL CLIMATE ASSESSMENT
SE NCA Regional Input Reports
LA English
DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter
ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; GULF-OF-MEXICO; ANTARCTIC
ICE-SHEET; LONG-TERM TRENDS; CHESAPEAKE-BAY; WAVE CLIMATE; STORM-SURGE;
NORTH-ATLANTIC; WATER-QUALITY
C1 [Burkett, Virginia] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Davidson, Margaret] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Burkett, V (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
NR 654
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 4
PU ISLAND PRESS
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1718 CONNECTICUT AVE NW, SUITE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
BN 978-1-59726-366-5; 978-1-61091-460-4
J9 NCA REGION INPUT REP
PY 2012
BP 1
EP +
DI 10.5822/978-1-610914604_1
D2 10.5822/978-1-61091-460-4
PG 51
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA BA8CY
UT WOS:000337976200001
ER
PT B
AU Burkett, V
Davidson, M
AF Burkett, Virginia
Davidson, Margaret
BE Burkett, V
Davidson, M
TI Physical Climate Forces
SO COASTAL IMPACTS, ADAPTATION, AND VULNERABILITIES: A TECHNICAL INPUT TO
THE 2013 NATIONAL CLIMATE ASSESSMENT
SE NCA Regional Input Reports
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Burkett, Virginia] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Davidson, Margaret] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Burkett, V (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
OI thieler, e/0000-0003-4311-9717
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ISLAND PRESS
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1718 CONNECTICUT AVE NW, SUITE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
BN 978-1-59726-366-5; 978-1-61091-460-4
J9 NCA REGION INPUT REP
PY 2012
BP 10
EP 51
DI 10.5822/978-1-61091460-4_2
D2 10.5822/978-1-61091-460-4
PG 42
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA BA8CY
UT WOS:000337976200002
ER
PT B
AU Burkett, V
Davidson, M
AF Burkett, Virginia
Davidson, Margaret
BE Burkett, V
Davidson, M
TI Vulnerability and Impacts on Natural Resources
SO COASTAL IMPACTS, ADAPTATION, AND VULNERABILITIES: A TECHNICAL INPUT TO
THE 2013 NATIONAL CLIMATE ASSESSMENT
SE NCA Regional Input Reports
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Burkett, Virginia] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Davidson, Margaret] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Burkett, V (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ISLAND PRESS
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1718 CONNECTICUT AVE NW, SUITE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
BN 978-1-59726-366-5; 978-1-61091-460-4
J9 NCA REGION INPUT REP
PY 2012
BP 52
EP 65
DI 10.5822/978-1-61091-4604_3
D2 10.5822/978-1-61091-460-4
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA BA8CY
UT WOS:000337976200003
ER
PT B
AU Burkett, V
Davidson, M
AF Burkett, Virginia
Davidson, Margaret
BE Burkett, V
Davidson, M
TI Vulnerability and Impacts on Human Development
SO COASTAL IMPACTS, ADAPTATION, AND VULNERABILITIES: A TECHNICAL INPUT TO
THE 2013 NATIONAL CLIMATE ASSESSMENT
SE NCA Regional Input Reports
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Burkett, Virginia] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Davidson, Margaret] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Burkett, V (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ISLAND PRESS
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1718 CONNECTICUT AVE NW, SUITE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
BN 978-1-59726-366-5; 978-1-61091-460-4
J9 NCA REGION INPUT REP
PY 2012
BP 66
EP 97
DI 10.5822/978-1-610914604_4
D2 10.5822/978-1-61091-460-4
PG 32
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA BA8CY
UT WOS:000337976200004
ER
PT B
AU Burkett, V
Davidson, M
AF Burkett, Virginia
Davidson, Margaret
BE Burkett, V
Davidson, M
TI Adaptation and Mitigation
SO COASTAL IMPACTS, ADAPTATION, AND VULNERABILITIES: A TECHNICAL INPUT TO
THE 2013 NATIONAL CLIMATE ASSESSMENT
SE NCA Regional Input Reports
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Burkett, Virginia] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Davidson, Margaret] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Burkett, V (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
OI Preston, Benjamin/0000-0002-7966-2386
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ISLAND PRESS
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1718 CONNECTICUT AVE NW, SUITE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
BN 978-1-59726-366-5; 978-1-61091-460-4
J9 NCA REGION INPUT REP
PY 2012
BP 98
EP 118
DI 10.5822/978-1-610914604_5
D2 10.5822/978-1-61091-460-4
PG 21
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA BA8CY
UT WOS:000337976200005
ER
PT B
AU Burkett, V
Davidson, M
AF Burkett, Virginia
Davidson, Margaret
BE Burkett, V
Davidson, M
TI Information Gaps and Science Needed to Support Sustainable Coasts
SO COASTAL IMPACTS, ADAPTATION, AND VULNERABILITIES: A TECHNICAL INPUT TO
THE 2013 NATIONAL CLIMATE ASSESSMENT
SE NCA Regional Input Reports
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Burkett, Virginia] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Davidson, Margaret] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Burkett, V (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ISLAND PRESS
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1718 CONNECTICUT AVE NW, SUITE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
BN 978-1-59726-366-5; 978-1-61091-460-4
J9 NCA REGION INPUT REP
PY 2012
BP 119
EP 124
DI 10.5822/978-1-61091-4604_6
D2 10.5822/978-1-61091-460-4
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA BA8CY
UT WOS:000337976200006
ER
PT B
AU Burkett, V
Davidson, M
AF Burkett, Virginia
Davidson, Margaret
BE Burkett, V
Davidson, M
TI Chesapeake Bay Case Study
SO COASTAL IMPACTS, ADAPTATION, AND VULNERABILITIES: A TECHNICAL INPUT TO
THE 2013 NATIONAL CLIMATE ASSESSMENT
SE NCA Regional Input Reports
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Burkett, Virginia] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Davidson, Margaret] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Burkett, V (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ISLAND PRESS
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1718 CONNECTICUT AVE NW, SUITE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
BN 978-1-59726-366-5; 978-1-61091-460-4
J9 NCA REGION INPUT REP
PY 2012
BP 125
EP 140
DI 10.5822/978-1-61091-460-4
D2 10.5822/978-1-61091-460-4
PG 16
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA BA8CY
UT WOS:000337976200007
ER
PT B
AU Burkett, V
Davidson, M
AF Burkett, Virginia
Davidson, Margaret
BE Burkett, V
Davidson, M
TI Northern Gulf of Mexico Case Study
SO COASTAL IMPACTS, ADAPTATION, AND VULNERABILITIES: A TECHNICAL INPUT TO
THE 2013 NATIONAL CLIMATE ASSESSMENT
SE NCA Regional Input Reports
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Burkett, Virginia] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Davidson, Margaret] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Burkett, V (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ISLAND PRESS
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1718 CONNECTICUT AVE NW, SUITE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
BN 978-1-59726-366-5; 978-1-61091-460-4
J9 NCA REGION INPUT REP
PY 2012
BP 141
EP 143
DI 10.5822/978-1-61091460-4
D2 10.5822/978-1-61091-460-4
PG 3
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA BA8CY
UT WOS:000337976200008
ER
PT B
AU Aubrecht, C
Elvidge, CD
Baugh, KE
Hahn, S
AF Aubrecht, C.
Elvidge, C. D.
Baugh, K. E.
Hahn, S.
BE Tavares, JMRS
Jorge, RMN
TI Identification of wildfire precursor conditions: Linking satellite based
fire and soil moisture data
SO COMPUTATIONAL VISION AND MEDICAL IMAGE PROCESSING: VIPIMAGE 2011
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 3rd ECCOMAS Thematic Conference on Computational Vision and Medical
Image Processing (VipIMAGE)
CY OCT 12-14, 2011
CL Olhao, PORTUGAL
SP European Community Computat Methods Appl Sci, Univ Porto, Univ Porto, Fac Engn, Univ Porto, Fac Engn, Inst Engn Mecanica Polo, Inst Engn Mecanica Gestao Ind, Int Assoc Computat Mech, Fundacao Ciencia Tecnologia, Assoc Portuguesa Mecanica Teorica Aplicada Computac
DE DMSP-OLS; nighttime lights; fire detection; ASCAT; soil moisture
anomaly; time series
ID OPERATIONAL LINESCAN SYSTEM; FOREST-FIRES; DMSP-OLS; INDIA; REGION;
STATE; AREA
AB Since satellite remote sensing of fires started in the 1970s, fire monitoring has become increasingly important, particularly in the context of mitigating social impacts. Light from fires can be identified in nighttime satellite imagery featuring the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum. A procedure for detection of fire lights and near real-time monitoring of spatial patterns of fire occurrence has been successfully implemented based on low-light imaging data from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program, Operational Linescan System (DMSP-OLS). Satellite based soil moisture data can be used to investigate potential correlations between soil conditions and water related hazards such as floods and droughts, the latter often closely associated with wildfire incidence. It is envisaged that regional monitoring of soil moisture can help to identify changes in the conditions of an ecological system before major impacts take place. Information on current and previous soil conditions enable identification of potentially hazardous situations.
C1 [Aubrecht, C.] AIT Austrian Inst Technol, Vienna, Austria.
[Elvidge, C. D.; Baugh, K. E.] NOAA, Natl Geophys Data Ctr, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Hahn, S.] Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing, A-1040 Vienna, Austria.
RP Aubrecht, C (reprint author), AIT Austrian Inst Technol, Vienna, Austria.
FU Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG) in the frame of the Austrian
Space Applications Programme (ASAP)
FX Part of the presented research was performed within the GMSM (Global
Monitoring of Soil Moisture for Water Hazards Assessment) project
(http://www.ipf.tuwien.ac.at/gmsm/), funded by the Austrian Research
Promotion Agency (FFG) in the frame of the Austrian Space Applications
Programme (ASAP). Soil moisture data is processed and provided by the
IPF, Vienna University of Technology. DMSP nighttime lights data is
processed and provided by the Earth Observation Group of NOAA-NGDC.
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-0-203-12818-3; 978-0-415-68395-1
PY 2012
BP 347
EP 353
PG 7
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Radiology, Nuclear
Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Computer Science; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA BG8KK
UT WOS:000392382300067
ER
PT S
AU Chen, YC
Patel, VM
Phillips, PJ
Chellappa, R
AF Chen, Yi-Chen
Patel, Vishal M.
Phillips, P. Jonathon
Chellappa, Rama
BE Fitzgibbon, A
Lazebnik, S
Perona, P
Sato, Y
Schmid, C
TI Dictionary-Based Face Recognition from Video
SO COMPUTER VISION - ECCV 2012, PT VI
SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 12th European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV)
CY OCT 07-13, 2012
CL Florence, ITALY
SP Google, Natl Robot Engn Ctr, Adobe, Microsoft Res, Mitsubishi Elect, Mobileye, Nvidia, Point Grey, Technicolor, Toshiba, Toyota, Datalogic, IBM Res, ST, Univ Studi Firenze, Univ Cambridge, Ente Cassa Risparmio Firenze
ID VISUAL TRACKING; MODELS; ILLUMINATION; MANIFOLD; FILTERS
AB The main challenge in recognizing faces in video is effectively exploiting the multiple frames of a face and the accompanying dynamic signature. One prominent method is based on extracting joint appearance and behavioral features. A second method models a person by temporal correlations of features in a video. Our approach introduces the concept of video-dictionaries for face recognition, which generalizes the work in sparse representation and dictionaries for faces in still images. Video-dictionaries are designed to implicitly encode temporal, pose, and illumination information. We demonstrate our method on the Face and Ocular Challenge Series (FOCS) Video Challenge, which consists of unconstrained video sequences. We show that our method is efficient and performs significantly better than many competitive video-based face recognition algorithms.
C1 [Chen, Yi-Chen; Patel, Vishal M.; Chellappa, Rama] Univ Maryland, Ctr Automat Res, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Phillips, P. Jonathon] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
RP Chen, YC (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Ctr Automat Res, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM chenyc08@umiacs.umd.edu; pvishalm@umiacs.umd.edu;
jonathon.phillips@nist.gov; rama@umiacs.umd.edu
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology [70NANB11H023]
FX This paper was partially supported by a Cooperative Agreement from the
National Institute of Standards and Technology under the Grant
70NANB11H023.
NR 24
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0302-9743
BN 978-3-642-33782-6
J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC
PY 2012
VL 7577
BP 766
EP 779
PG 14
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory &
Methods; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Computer Science; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
GA BB3KX
UT WOS:000342828800055
ER
PT S
AU Li, QL
Zhu, H
Yuan, H
Kirillov, O
Ioannou, D
Suehle, J
Richter, C
AF Li, Qiliang
Zhu, Hao
Yuan, Hui
Kirillov, Oleg
Ioannou, Dimitris
Suehle, John
Richter, Curt
BE Kar, S
VanElshocht, S
Kita, K
Misra, D
TI A Study of Metal Gates on HfO2 Using Si Nanowire Field Effect
Transistors as Platform
SO DIELECTRIC MATERIALS AND METALS FOR NANOELECTRONICS AND PHOTONICS 10
SE ECS Transactions
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Dielectric Materials and Metals for Nanoelectronics and
Photonics - 10 held during the 222nd Meeting of the
Electrochemical-Society (ECS)
CY OCT 07-12, 2012
CL Honolulu, HI
SP Electrochem Soc, Electrochem Soc, Dielectr Sci & Technol Div, Electrochem Soc, Elect & Photon Div
ID CHARGE
AB In this work, we present an experimental study on the effect of metal gates / high-k dielectrics stacks on threshold voltage and carrier mobility in nanowire field effect transistors. The difference between effective mobility and field effect mobility of nanowire FETs has been first demonstrated. The interface states and effective work functions of the engaged metals can also be extracted by studying various metal gates.
C1 [Li, Qiliang; Zhu, Hao; Yuan, Hui; Ioannou, Dimitris] George Mason Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Zhu, Hao; Yuan, Hui; Kirillov, Oleg; Suehle, John; Richter, Curt] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Li, QL (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
RI Li, Qiliang/B-2225-2015
OI Li, Qiliang/0000-0001-9778-7695
FU US NSF [ECCS- 0846649]
FX Q Li would like to acknowledge the support of US NSF, Grant ECCS-
0846649.
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA
SN 1938-5862
BN 978-1-60768-352-0
J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS
PY 2012
VL 50
IS 4
BP 267
EP 271
DI 10.1149/05004.0267ecst
PG 5
WC Electrochemistry; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Electrochemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA BA7TN
UT WOS:000337757800036
ER
PT J
AU Bednarsek, N
Mozina, J
Vogt, M
O'Brien, C
Tarling, GA
AF Bednarsek, N.
Mozina, J.
Vogt, M.
O'Brien, C.
Tarling, G. A.
TI The global distribution of pteropods and their contribution to carbonate
and carbon biomass in the modern ocean
SO EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA
LA English
DT Article
ID ARCHIPELAGO SOUTHERN-OCEAN; VERTICAL-DISTRIBUTION; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE;
MESOZOOPLANKTON DISTRIBUTION; LIMACINA-HELICINA; ROSS SEA;
EUTHECOSOMATOUS PTEROPODS; ZOOPLANKTON BIOMASS; CLIONE-LIMACINA; GRAZING
IMPACT
AB Pteropods are a group of holoplanktonic gastropods for which global biomass distribution patterns remain poorly described. The aim of this study was to collect and synthesise existing pteropod (Gymnosomata, Thecosomata and Pseudothecosomata) abundance and biomass data, in order to evaluate the global distribution of pteropod carbon biomass, with a particular emphasis on temporal and spatial patterns. We collected 25 939 data points from several online databases and 41 scientific articles. These data points corresponded to observations from 15 134 stations, where 93% of observations were of shelled pteropods (Thecosomata) and 7% of non-shelled pteropods (Gymnosomata). The biomass data has been gridded onto a 360 x 180 degrees grid, with a vertical resolution of 33 depth levels. Both the raw data file and the gridded data in NetCDF format can be downloaded from PANGAEA, doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.777387. Data were collected between 19502010, with sampling depths ranging from 0-2000 m. Pteropod biomass data was either extracted directly or derived through converting abundance to biomass with pteropod-specific length to carbon biomass conversion algorithms. In the Northern Hemisphere (NH), the data were distributed quite evenly throughout the year, whereas sampling in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) was biased towards winter and summer values. 86% of all biomass values were located in the NH, most (37 %) within the latitudinal band of 30-60 degrees N. The range of global biomass values spanned over four orders of magnitude, with mean and median (non-zero) biomass values of 4.6 mg C m(-3) (SD = 62.5) and 0.015 mg C m(-3), respectively. The highest mean biomass was located in the SH within the 70-80 degrees S latitudinal band (39.71 mg C m(-3), SD = 93.00), while the highest median biomass was in the NH, between 40-50 degrees S (0.06 mg C m(-3), SD = 79.94). Shelled pteropods constituted a mean global carbonate biomass of 23.17 mg CaCO3 m(-3) (based on non-zero records).
Total biomass values were lowest in the equatorial regions and equally high at both poles. Pteropods were found at least to depths of 1000 m, with the highest biomass values located in the surface layer (0-10 m) and gradually decreasing with depth, with values in excess of 100 mg C m(-3) only found above 200m depth. Tropical species tended to concentrate at greater depths than temperate or high-latitude species. Global biomass levels in the NH were relatively invariant over the seasonal cycle, but more seasonally variable in the SH. The collected database provides a valuable tool for modellers for the study of marine ecosystem processes and global biogeochemical cycles. By extrapolating regional biomass to a global scale, we established global pteropod biomass to add up to 500 Tg C.
C1 [Bednarsek, N.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Mozina, J.] Univ Nova Gorica, Environm Res Lab, Nova Gorica 5000, Slovenia.
[Vogt, M.; O'Brien, C.] ETH, Inst Biogeochem & Pollutant Dynam, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
[Tarling, G. A.] British Antarctic Survey, Nat Environm Res Council, Cambridge CB3 0ET, England.
RP Bednarsek, N (reprint author), NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM nina.bednarsek@noaa.gov
RI O'Brien, Colleen/H-7698-2015
OI O'Brien, Colleen/0000-0003-4456-8119
FU Erasmus scholarship; Ecosystems core research programme at the British
Antarcttic Survey; European Community [238366]
FX The lead author is grateful to R. A. Feely (NOAA) and R. Schiebel
(Universite d'Angers-BIAF) for their invaluable advice and ideas. Thanks
also go to Marko Vuckovic from the University of Nova Gorica for the
help with the Matlab software changes. The work at ETH for NB was partly
funded through an Erasmus scholarship. GT was supported by the
Ecosystems core research programme at the British Antarcttic Survey. The
research leading to these results has received funding from the European
Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7 2007-2013) under grant
agreement no. 238366.
NR 78
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 4
U2 11
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1866-3508
EI 1866-3516
J9 EARTH SYST SCI DATA
JI Earth Syst. Sci. Data
PY 2012
VL 4
IS 1
BP 167
EP 186
DI 10.5194/essd-4-167-2012
PG 20
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA V39MO
UT WOS:000209415300015
ER
PT J
AU Stimpert, AK
Mattila, D
Nosal, EM
Au, WWL
AF Stimpert, Alison K.
Mattila, David
Nosal, Eva-Marie
Au, Whitlow W. L.
TI Tagging young humpback whale calves: methodology and diving behavior
SO ENDANGERED SPECIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Humpback whale; Calf; Tagging; Diving behavior; Hawaii
AB Despite the importance of young animals to the proliferation of a species, logistic hurdles often prevent the study of individuals' behavior and habitat requirements. This is particularly an issue in the case of cetaceans, which spend a large proportion of their time at depth. We conducted a study to describe the dive behavior of young humpback whale Megaptera novaeangliae calves on their breeding grounds in Hawaii, USA. We first implemented and evaluated strategies for approaching whale groups and deploying suction-cup tags (DTAGs), resulting in 3 successful attachments of DTAGs in the winter of 2011. The approach technique that was most successful while minimizing reactions from the whale groups was a passive drift approach. Tagged calves exhibited consistent dives to shallow depths when their groups were stationary, and some deeper dives that approached the ocean bottom, up to 78 m in one case. Mean dive durations ranged from 2.2 to 3.5 min, with calves spending 40% of their time within 3 m of the surface. This is the first study to collect tag data from baleen whale calves less than 6 mo in age and provides habitat use data important for management of this endangered species.
C1 [Stimpert, Alison K.; Au, Whitlow W. L.] Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Marine Mammal Res Program, Kailua, HI 96734 USA.
[Stimpert, Alison K.] Naval Postgrad Sch, Dept Oceanog, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Mattila, David] Hawaiian Isl Humpback Whale Natl Marine Sanctuary, Kihei, HI 96753 USA.
[Nosal, Eva-Marie] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Ocean & Resources Engn, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci & Technol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Stimpert, AK (reprint author), Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Marine Mammal Res Program, POB 1106, Kailua, HI 96734 USA.
EM akstimpe@nps.edu
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)'s National Marine
Sanctuary Program; Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine
Sanctuary; University of Hawaii Sea Grant College Program, SOEST from
NOAA Office of Sea Grant, Department of Commerce [NA09OAR4170600];
National Research Council (NRC); University of Hawaii Sea Grant College
Program [UNIHI-SEA-GRANT-JC-11-02, 1522, 8763]
FX Many thanks to E. Lyman, T. Hurst, L. Wedding, D. Powers, and to all our
field volunteers, especially J. Chen, A. Rudd, A. Bendlin, C. Fumar, and
S. Plentovich. Shoals LIDAR data were provided by the United States Army
Corps of Engineers. This work was conducted under National Marine
Fisheries Permit no. 14682, with the support of the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)'s National Marine Sanctuary Program
and the Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary, and
in accordance with animal care and use guidelines in the US. The work
was also funded in part by the University of Hawaii Sea Grant College
Program, SOEST, under Institutional Grant No. NA09OAR4170600 from NOAA
Office of Sea Grant, Department of Commerce and also from the National
Research Council (NRC). The views expressed herein are those of the
authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of NOAA or the NRC.
This is University of Hawaii Sea Grant College Program contribution no.
UNIHI-SEA-GRANT-JC-11-02, HIMB contribution no. 1522, and SOEST
contribution no. 8763.
NR 24
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 5
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 1863-5407
EI 1613-4796
J9 ENDANGER SPECIES RES
JI Endanger. Species Res.
PY 2012
VL 19
IS 1
BP 11
EP 17
DI 10.3354/esr00456
PG 7
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA V41RB
UT WOS:000209562200002
ER
PT J
AU Santos, RLT
Macdonald, C
McCreadie, R
Ounis, I
Soboroff, I
AF Santos, Rodrygo L. T.
Macdonald, Craig
McCreadie, Richard
Ounis, Iadh
Soboroff, Ian
TI Information Retrieval on the Blogosphere
SO FOUNDATIONS AND TRENDS IN INFORMATION RETRIEVAL
LA English
DT Article
ID COMPLETELY-ARBITRARY PASSAGE; LANGUAGE MODELING APPROACH; OPINION
RETRIEVAL; BLOG SEARCH; TEXT
AB Blogs have recently emerged as a new open, rapidly evolving and reactive publishing medium on the Web. Rather than managed by a central entity, the content on the blogosphere - the collection of all blogs on the Web - is produced by millions of independent bloggers, who can write about virtually anything. This open publishing paradigm has led to a growing mass of user-generated content on the Web, which can vary tremendously both in format and quality when looked at in isolation, but which can also reveal interesting patterns when observed in aggregation. One field particularly interested in studying how information is produced, consumed, and searched in the blogosphere is information retrieval. In this survey, we review the published literature on searching the blogosphere. In particular, we describe the phenomenon of blogging and the motivations for searching for information on blogs. We cover both the search tasks underlying blog searchers' information needs and the most successful approaches to these tasks. These include blog post and full blog search tasks, as well as blog-aided search tasks, such as trend and market analysis. Finally, we also describe the publicly available resources that support research on searching the blogosphere.
C1 [Santos, Rodrygo L. T.; Macdonald, Craig; McCreadie, Richard; Ounis, Iadh] Univ Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland.
[Soboroff, Ian] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
RP Santos, RLT (reprint author), Univ Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland.
EM rodrygo@dcs.gla.ac.uk; craigm@dcs.gla.ac.uk; richardm@dcs.gla.ac.uk;
ounis@dcs.gla.ac.uk; ian.soboroff@nist.gov
OI Santos, Rodrygo/0000-0003-2921-8444
NR 240
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 2
PU NOW PUBLISHERS INC
PI HANOVER
PA PO BOX 1024, HANOVER, MA 02339 USA
SN 1554-0669
EI 1554-0677
J9 FOUND TRENDS INF RET
JI Found. Trends Inf. Retr.
PY 2012
VL 6
IS 1
BP 1
EP 125
DI 10.1561/1500000026
PG 125
WC Computer Science, Information Systems
SC Computer Science
GA V32VG
UT WOS:000208978100001
ER
PT B
AU Fong, JT
Heckert, NA
Filliben, JJ
AF Fong, Jeffrey T.
Heckert, N. Alan
Filliben, James J.
BE Tu, ST
Wang, ZD
Sih, GC
TI A stochastic and local theory of fatigue for aging pressure vessels and
piping
SO FROM FAILURE TO BETTER DESIGN, MANFACTURE AND CONSTRUCTION
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Symposium on Structural Integrity (ISSI2012) - From
Failure to Better Design, Manufacture and Construction
CY OCT 31-NOV 04, 2012
CL Jinan, PEOPLES R CHINA
SP China Structural Integrity Consortium, Shandong Univ, E China Univ Sci & Technol, MOE Key Lab Pressure Syst & Safety, Nanjing Univ Technol, Zhejiang Univ, Zhejiang Univ Technol, Zhengzhou Univ, Changsha Univ Sci & Technol, SW Jiaotong Univ, Beihang Univ, China Pressure Vessel Inst, China Mat Inst, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China, Gen Adm Qual Supervis, Inspect & Quarantine China, Engn & Technol Res Ctr Special Equipment Safety Shandong Prov, MOE Key Lab High Efficiency & Clean Mech Mfg, MOE Engn Res Cr Large scale Underground Cavern Grp
DE Aging pressure vessels and piping (APVP); Crack growth theory; Fatigue
design; Fracture mechanics; Nondestructive evaluation (NDE); Remaining
life; Stochastic theory of crack growth; Uncertainty quantification
ID PROPAGATION; FIBERS; GLASS
AB We begin with a review of the fatigue design methodology for new pressure vessels and piping, based on both deterministic and stochastic approaches. We will then prove that the same methodology for estimating the remaining life of aging pressure vessels and piping (APVP) using a deterministic approach fails, unless nondestructive evaluation (NDE) data of crack growth from periodic inspection is available. This leads to the introduction of a stochastic and local theory of fatigue life of APVP using NDE data of the growth of a single crack in engineering materials (Ref: Fong, Marcal, Hedden, Chao, and Lam, Proc. ASME 2009 PVP Conf, Paper PVP2009-77827), in which the standard deviation of the estimated fatigue life was derived in terms of the means and standard deviations of the initial crack length, final crack length, fracture toughness, and other material property parameters. We then introduce a more general theory of the remaining life of APVP using NDE data of the growth of multiple cracks. This general stochastic theory will be known as the APVP MULTI-CRACK GROWTH THEORY.
To illustrate the methodology for estimating the remaining life of APVP with multiple cracks, we introduce an open source Bayesian statistical analysis software named WinBUGS, and a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm to calculate the mean and standard deviation of both the initial crack length and the initial crack growth rate from a set of NDE-measured multiple crack length data over many inspection intervals. A numerical example using synthetic NDE and fracture toughness data for high strength steels is included. Significance and limitations of this Bayesian approach to estimating the uncertainty of fatigue life prediction for aging pressure vessels and piping in nuclear industry applications are also presented.
C1 [Fong, Jeffrey T.] NIST, Appl & Computat Math Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Heckert, N. Alan; Filliben, James J.] NIST, Stat Engn Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Fong, JT (reprint author), NIST, Appl & Computat Math Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM fong@nist.gov
NR 48
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU EAST CHINA UNIV SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PRESS
PI SHANGHAI
PA MEILONG RD, SHANGHAI 200237, PEOPLES R CHINA
BN 978-7-5628-3389-5
PY 2012
BP 19
EP 31
PG 13
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics
SC Engineering; Mechanics
GA BG9TZ
UT WOS:000393849100003
ER
PT J
AU Robb, FT
Lowe, TM
Kelman, Z
AF Robb, Frank T.
Lowe, Todd M.
Kelman, Zvi
TI The modern "3G" age of archaeal molecular biology
SO FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Robb, Frank T.] Inst Marine & Environm Technol, Baltimore, MD USA.
[Robb, Frank T.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
[Lowe, Todd M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Biomol Engn, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Kelman, Zvi] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Kelman, Zvi] Inst Biosci & Biotechnol Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.
RP Kelman, Z (reprint author), Inst Biosci & Biotechnol Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.
EM zkelman@umd.edu
OI Robb, Frank/0000-0001-5833-6496
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND
SN 1664-302X
J9 FRONT MICROBIOL
JI Front. Microbiol.
PY 2012
VL 3
AR 430
DI 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00430
PG 2
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA V31DF
UT WOS:000208863600429
PM 23267357
ER
PT J
AU Sunda, WG
AF Sunda, William G.
TI Feedback interactions between trace metal nutrients and phytoplankton in
the ocean
SO FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE Phytoplankton; trace metal nutrients; iron; zinc; cobalt; manganese;
cadmium; trace metal chemistry
AB In addition to control by major nutrient elements (nitrogen, phosphorus, and silicon) the productivity and species composition of marine phytoplankton communities are also regulated by a number of trace metal nutrients (iron, zinc, cobalt, manganese, copper, and cadmium). Of these, iron is most limiting to phytoplankton growth and has the greatest effect on algal species diversity. It also plays an important role in limiting di-nitrogen (N-2) fixation rates, and thus is important in controlling ocean inventories of fixed nitrogen. Because of these effects, iron is thought to play a key role in regulating biological cycles of carbon and nitrogen in the ocean, including the biological transfer of carbon to the deep sea, the so-called biological CO2 pump, which helps regulate atmospheric CO2 and CO2-linked global warming. Other trace metal nutrients (zinc, cobalt, copper, and manganese) have lesser effects on productivity; but may exert an important influence on the species composition of algal communities because of large differences in metal requirements among species. The interactions between trace metals and ocean plankton are reciprocal: not only do the metals control the plankton, but the plankton regulate the distributions, chemical speciation, and cycling of these metals through cellular uptake and recycling processes, downward flux of biogenic particles, biological release of organic chelators, and mediation of redox reactions. This two way interaction has influenced not only the biology and chemistry of the modern ocean, but has had a profound influence on biogeochemistry of the ocean and earth system as a whole, and on the evolution of marine and terrestrial biology over geologic history.
C1 NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Beaufort, NC 28512 USA.
RP Sunda, WG (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, 101 Pivers Isl Rd, Beaufort, NC 28512 USA.
EM bill.sunda@noaa.gov
NR 242
TC 42
Z9 42
U1 13
U2 96
PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND
SN 1664-302X
J9 FRONT MICROBIOL
JI Front. Microbiol.
PY 2012
VL 3
AR 204
DI 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00204
PG 22
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA V31DF
UT WOS:000208863600254
PM 22701115
ER
PT J
AU Turk-Kubo, KA
Achilles, KM
Serros, TRC
Ochiai, M
Montoya, JP
Zehr, JP
AF Turk-Kubo, Kendra A.
Achilles, Katherine M.
Serros, Tracy R. C.
Ochiai, Mari
Montoya, Joseph P.
Zehr, Jonathan P.
TI Nitrogenase (nifH) gene expression in diazotrophic cyanobacteria in the
Tropical North Atlantic in response to nutrient amendments
SO FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE nitrogenase; P-limitation; Fe-limitation; UCYN-A; UCYN-B; Trichodesmium;
diazotrophs; nitrogen fixation
AB The Tropical North Atlantic (TNAtI) plays a critical role in the marine nitrogen cycle, as it supports high rates of biological nitrogen (N-2) fixation, yet it is unclear whether this process is limited by the availability of iron (Fe), phosphate (P) or is co-limited by both. In order to investigate the impact of nutrient limitation on the N2 fixing microorganisms (diazotrophs) in the TNAtl, trace metal clean nutrient amendment experiments were conducted, and the expression of nitrogenase (nifH) in cyanobacterial diazotrophs in response to the addition of Fe, R or Fe+P was measured using quantitative PCR. To provide context, N-2 fixation rates associated with the <10 tm community and diel nifH expression in natural cyanobacterial populations were measured. In the western TNAtl, nifH expression in Crocosphaera, Trichodesmium, and Riche/la was stimulated by Fe and Fe+P additions, but not by e implying that diazotrophs may be Fe-limited in this region. In the eastern TNAtl, nifH expression in unicellular cyanobacteria UCYN-A and Crocosphaera was stimulated by R implying P-limitation. In equatorial waters, nifH expression in Trichociesrmum was highest in Fe+P treatments, implying co-limitation in this region. Nutrient additions did not measurably stimulate N-2 fixation rates in the <101,tm fraction in most of the experiments, even when upregulation of nifH expression was evident. These results demonstrate the utility of using gene expression to investigate the physiological state of natural populations of microorganisms, while underscoring the complexity of nutrient limitation on diazotrophy, and providing evidence that diazotroph populations are slow to respond to the addition of limiting nutrients and may be limited by different nutrients on basin-wide spatial scales. This has important implications for our current understanding of controls on N-2 fixation in the TNAtl and may partially explain why it appears to be intermittently limited by Fe, R or both.
C1 [Turk-Kubo, Kendra A.; Achilles, Katherine M.; Serros, Tracy R. C.; Ochiai, Mari; Zehr, Jonathan P.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ocean Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Achilles, Katherine M.] NOAA Fisheries Serv, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA USA.
[Ochiai, Mari] Ehime Univ, Ctr Marine Environm Studies, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan.
[Montoya, Joseph P.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Biol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
RP Turk-Kubo, KA (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ocean Sci, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
EM kturk@ucsc.edu
RI Zehr, Jonathan/B-3513-2014
OI Zehr, Jonathan/0000-0002-5691-5408
FU R/V Seward Johnson [SJ0609]; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation Marine
Microbiology Initiative [OCE0425363, OCE0425583]
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the captain and crew of the R/V
Seward Johnson for their support during SJ0609, Dr. Mak Saito and his
research group for providing support with trace metal clean procedures
and supplies, and members of the Zehr Lab including Amanda Morrison,
Ryan Paerl, Katie London, Irina Shilova (formerly Ilichyan), and Mary
Hogan for their valuable support in collecting samples and discussions
during the writing of this manuscript. We also thank Jason Landrum,
Samantha Allen, Julie Gonzalez, Bibiana Garcia, and other members of the
Montoya Lab for their assistance with the nutrient and N2 fixation
assays. This study was supported by the Gordon and Betty Moore
Foundation Marine Microbiology Initiative and by award OCE0425363
(Jonathan P. Zehr) and OCE0425583 ( Joseph P. Montoya) from the National
Science Foundation.
NR 44
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 4
U2 27
PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND
SN 1664-302X
J9 FRONT MICROBIOL
JI Front. Microbiol.
PY 2012
VL 3
AR 386
DI 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00386
PG 17
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA V31DF
UT WOS:000208863600387
PM 23130017
ER
PT S
AU Hobart, KD
Imhoff, EA
Duong, TH
Hefner, AR
AF Hobart, K. D.
Imhoff, E. A.
Duong, T. H.
Hefner, A. R.
BE Shenai, K
Dudley, M
Ohtani, N
Bakowski, M
Garg, R
TI Optimization of Si IGBT/SiC JBS Diode Hybrid Modules for Medium Voltage
Applications
SO GALLIUM NITRIDE AND SILICON CARBIDE POWER TECHNOLOGIES 2
SE ECS Transactions
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 2nd Symposium on Gallium Nitride (GaN) and Silicon Carbide (SiC) Power
Technologies as part of ECS Fall Meeting
CY OCT 07-12, 2012
CL Honolulu, HI
SP ECS
AB The optimization of medium voltage hybrid Si IGBT/SiC junction barrier Schottky diode modules is explored. The primary variant in the study is the active device area of the SiC JBS diodes for a fixed Si IGBT area. The optimization is performed through electro-thermal circuit simulations using validated physics-based device models. Parameters tracked include device switching losses, conduction losses and junction temperature. Finally, reliability issues were considered. SiC JBS diodes were subject to surge conditions and diode surge current was evaluated during module optimization.
C1 [Hobart, K. D.; Imhoff, E. A.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Duong, T. H.; Hefner, A. R.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Hobart, KD (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
FU Naval Research Laboratory; Office Naval Research
FX That authors would like to thank Scott Leslie at Powerex, Inc. for
helpful discussions and for the surge testing by Biswajit Ray at
Bloomsburg University of Pennsylvania. The work is sponsored by the
Naval Research Laboratory and by the Office Naval Research which is
monitored by Joseph Borraccini.
NR 1
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA
SN 1938-5862
BN 978-1-60768-351-3
J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS
PY 2012
VL 50
IS 3
BP 65
EP 74
DI 10.1149/05003.0065ecst
PG 10
WC Crystallography; Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Characterization &
Testing
SC Crystallography; Electrochemistry; Materials Science
GA BA7TJ
UT WOS:000337755900007
ER
PT B
AU Kasemir, HW
AF Kasemir, Heinz W.
BE Mazur, V
Ruhnke, LH
TI Atmospheric Electric Measurements in the Arctic and Antarctic (Reprinted
from PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS (PAGEOPH), vol 100, pg 70-80, 1972)
SO HEINZ-WOLFRAM KASEMIR: HIS COLLECTED WORKS
SE American Geophysical Union Special Publications
LA English
DT Reprint; Book Chapter
AB During the International Geophysical Year, 1958, and extending into 1959, the atmospheric electric field, current, and conductivity were recorded at Thule, Greenland (78 degrees N). During the International Year of the Quiet Sun, 1964, records of the atmospheric electric field were obtained at the Amundsen-Scott Station at the South Pole (90 degrees S). The diurnal variation averaged over the year of the normalized current at Thule and the normalized field at the South Pole show a surprisingly good agreement. These two curves combined into one represent the world time variation of the air-earth current (or field) in the Polar regions. Compared with the oceanic diurnal field variation obtained at the Carnegie ship cruises, the Polar curve shows a very similar shape but a much reduced amplitude. The maximum and minimum in the Polar regions are 1.07 and 0.92. The corresponding values on the oceans are 1.20 and 0.85. The difference is greater than the measuring error or statistical scatter and has to be accepted as real. No conclusive explanation of the deviation of the two curves can be offered.
The diurnal variation of the Polar data averaged over a season displays very smooth and similar curves during Northern autumn and winter. The spring and summer curves show a much more detailed structure with several maxima and minima. It is somewhat unexpected that the summer curve with a variety of fine structure is the flattest curve of all seasons. The minimum never drops below 0.95, and the maximum does not exceed 1.06. If the data are broken down into hourly means averaged over one month and split into an Arctic and Antarctic part, the similarity between corresponding curves of the same month vanishes for the months of January to July. This may partly be due to the fact that the number of fair-weather days of the individual month is too small to obtain a representative statistical average. Usually averaging over seven or more days is necessary for the oceanic pattern to emerge. However, there is a strong possibility that another agent besides the worldwide thunderstorm activity modulates the global circuit. The seasonal differences, and especially the difference between Arctic and Antarctic pattern, point to such a conclusion.
C1 NOAA, APCL, Boulder, CO 80302 USA.
RP Kasemir, HW (reprint author), NOAA, APCL, R 31, Boulder, CO 80302 USA.
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
BN 978-1-118-70481-3; 978-0-87590-737-6
J9 AM GEOPHYS UNION SP
PY 2012
VL 66
BP 48
EP 58
D2 10.1029/SP066
PG 11
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA BA5PX
UT WOS:000336936500005
ER
PT B
AU Kasemir, HW
AF Kasemir, Heinz W.
BE Mazur, V
Ruhnke, LH
TI The Atmospheric Electric Ring Current in the Higher Atmosphere
(Reprinted from PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS (PAGEOPH), vol 84, 1971)
SO HEINZ-WOLFRAM KASEMIR: HIS COLLECTED WORKS
SE American Geophysical Union Special Publications
LA English
DT Reprint; Book Chapter
AB The atmospheric electric current flow in the ionosphere was discussed in a qualitative way at the UGGI General Assembly at Berkeley, California in 1963, The following picture emerged: The atmospheric electric fair weather current leaves the earth in a radially outward direction. As it enters the higher regions of the atmosphere and the ionospheric it is increasingly influenced by the earth's magnetic field, Because the main part of the current is crowded into the polar regions, the current density over the equatorial belt is small. A circular movement around the earth's axis results in an overall flow pattern tentatively termed, the atmospheric electric ring current'. An attempt to calculate this current flow soon made it clear that the generally used simplification of the one-dimensional case with slanted magnetic field lines is not adequate - not even as a first approximation, The same is true for the assumption usually made in magnetohydrodynamics that the current follows approximately the magnetic field lines. An essential feature of the atmospheric electric ring current is that in equatorial regions the flow is forced across the magnetic field lines, the component along the lines being zero. A calculation is discussed that treats the magnetic field lines as those of a true dipole field with the corresponding tensor character of conductivity. The results of the calculation are presented as graphs of the density distribution of the ring current, the space charge distribution, the current flow, and equipotential lines.
C1 NOAA Environm Res Labs, Atmospher Phys & Chem Lab, Boulder, CO 80302 USA.
RP Kasemir, HW (reprint author), NOAA Environm Res Labs, Atmospher Phys & Chem Lab, Boulder, CO 80302 USA.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
BN 978-1-118-70481-3; 978-0-87590-737-6
J9 AM GEOPHYS UNION SP
PY 2012
VL 66
BP 262
EP 273
D2 10.1029/SP066
PG 12
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA BA5PX
UT WOS:000336936500020
ER
PT B
AU Kasemir, HW
AF Kasemir, H. W.
BE Mazur, V
Ruhnke, LH
TI The Effect of Chaff Seeding on Lightning and Electric Fields of
Thunderstorms (Reprinted)
SO HEINZ-WOLFRAM KASEMIR: HIS COLLECTED WORKS
SE American Geophysical Union Special Publications
LA English
DT Reprint; Book Chapter
AB Corona discharge appears at the ends of a chaff fiber in an electric field of 30 kV/m or more. If a pound of chaff consisting of about 2 million fibers is released from an air-plane in a thunderstorm field of about 60 kV/m, a corona current of about one microampere generated at the ends of each fiber. The net current of the two million fibers adds up to about 2 ampere and the charge released into the cloud in a time period of 100 seconds would be of the order of 200 Coulomb. The net current as well as the net charge are parable to the values of an average thunderstorm and will tend to mask or neutralize the thunderstorm field. The application of this concept to modifying lightning or thunderstorm fields encounters two main difficulties. One is the distribution of chaff fibers in the high field areas of the cloud fast enough to be effective in a large enough cloud volume, and the second one is the possibility that ions liberated by corona discharge are trapped by the cloud droplets in the immediate neighborhood of the individual chaff fiber. This could generate a concentrated space charge around the fiber, which, may quench the corona discharge before a large amount of charge is released.
To investigate these problems a number of field experiments have been planned to study the effect of chaff seeding on the electric fields and the lightning discharges of thunderstorms. After some preliminary tests in Flagstaff, Arizona, the first of these experiments was carried out in Boulder, Colorado, in 1972. The results seem to indicate that the decay of the electric field underneath a thunderstorm is accelerated by about a factor five by chaff seeding as compared to the natural decay of the field of a not seeded storm. Instrument development, test procedures, and data analysis of this field decay experiment as well as its significance to lightning modification will be discussed.
C1 NOAA, Atmospher Phys & Chem Lab, Boulder, CO 80302 USA.
RP Kasemir, HW (reprint author), NOAA, Atmospher Phys & Chem Lab, Boulder, CO 80302 USA.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
BN 978-1-118-70481-3; 978-0-87590-737-6
J9 AM GEOPHYS UNION SP
PY 2012
VL 66
BP 380
EP 386
D2 10.1029/SP066
PG 7
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA BA5PX
UT WOS:000336936500027
ER
PT B
AU Holitza, FJ
Kasemir, HW
AF Holitza, F. James
Kasemir, Heinz W.
BE Mazur, V
Ruhnke, LH
TI Accelerated Decay of Thunderstorm Electric Fields by Chaff Seeding
(Reprinted from J. Geophys. Res., vol 79, 1974)
SO HEINZ-WOLFRAM KASEMIR: HIS COLLECTED WORKS
SE American Geophysical Union Special Publications
LA English
DT Reprint; Book Chapter
AB The field decay experiment conducted during the summer of 1972 in Colorado by the Atmospheric Physics and Chemistry Laboratory of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration may be considered as the first experimental step to lightning suppression by chaff seeding. An airplane equipped with an electric field measuring system and a chaff dispenser flew underneath a developing thunderstorm, continuously monitoring the electric field. If the field exceeded 50 kV m(-1), chaff was dispersed during the next two passes underneath the cloud, and the field decay was recorded until the storm dissipated. Each seeded storm was matched by a control (unseeded) storm to obtain the field decay rate under normal conditions. The field tests showed that chaff seeding in moderate fields of 50 kV m(-1) accelerated the field decay by a factor of 5. In one case a stronger field of 300 kV m(-1) was seeded, and the field decay rate was faster by a factor of 10 than that of the seeded storms having moderate fields. The physical background of this process, its limitations, and its significance to the problem of lightning suppression are discussed.
C1 [Holitza, F. James; Kasemir, Heinz W.] NOAA, Atmospher Phys & Chem Lab, Boulder, CO 80302 USA.
RP Holitza, FJ (reprint author), NOAA, Atmospher Phys & Chem Lab, Boulder, CO 80302 USA.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
BN 978-1-118-70481-3; 978-0-87590-737-6
J9 AM GEOPHYS UNION SP
PY 2012
VL 66
BP 387
EP 391
D2 10.1029/SP066
PG 5
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA BA5PX
UT WOS:000336936500028
ER
PT B
AU Kasemir, HW
AF Kasemir, Heinz W.
BE Mazur, V
Ruhnke, LH
TI CORONA DISCHARGE AND THUNDERSTORM FIELDS (Reprinted)
SO HEINZ-WOLFRAM KASEMIR: HIS COLLECTED WORKS
SE American Geophysical Union Special Publications
LA English
DT Reprint; Book Chapter
ID CURRENTS
C1 NOAA, Atmospher Phys & Chem Lab, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
RP Kasemir, HW (reprint author), NOAA, Atmospher Phys & Chem Lab, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
BN 978-1-118-70481-3; 978-0-87590-737-6
J9 AM GEOPHYS UNION SP
PY 2012
VL 66
BP 392
EP 396
D2 10.1029/SP066
PG 5
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA BA5PX
UT WOS:000336936500029
ER
PT B
AU Kasemir, HW
AF Kasemir, Heinz W.
BE Mazur, V
Ruhnke, LH
TI THEORY AND EXPERIMENTS TO THE PROBLEM OF ROCKET TRIGGERED LIGHTNING
DISCHARGES (Reprinted)
SO HEINZ-WOLFRAM KASEMIR: HIS COLLECTED WORKS
SE American Geophysical Union Special Publications
LA English
DT Reprint; Book Chapter
C1 NOAA, Atmospher Phys & Chem Lab, Environm Res Labs, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Kasemir, HW (reprint author), NOAA, Atmospher Phys & Chem Lab, Environm Res Labs, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
BN 978-1-118-70481-3; 978-0-87590-737-6
J9 AM GEOPHYS UNION SP
PY 2012
VL 66
BP 510
EP 512
D2 10.1029/SP066
PG 3
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA BA5PX
UT WOS:000336936500038
ER
PT B
AU Kasemir, HW
Holitza, FJ
Cobb, WE
Rust, WD
AF Kasemir, H. W.
Holitza, F. J.
Cobb, W. E.
Rust, W. D.
BE Mazur, V
Ruhnke, LH
TI Lightning Suppression by Chaff Seeding at the Base of Thunderstorms
(Reprinted)
SO HEINZ-WOLFRAM KASEMIR: HIS COLLECTED WORKS
SE American Geophysical Union Special Publications
LA English
DT Reprint; Book Chapter
AB An aircraft equipped with cylindrical electric field mills and a chaff dispenser was sued to release large numbers of 10-cm-long chaff fibers at the base of thunderclouds The electric fields and lightning discs were monitored during repeated flight passes at cloud base. Twenty eight thunderstorms that met certain qualifications were seeded with chaff or left unseeded, the unseeded storms becoming 'control' cases. An analysis of the data from 10 thunderstorms seeded with chaff and 18 unseeded control storm shows that seeding thunderstorms with chaff reduced the number of observed lightnings to about third or less of those observed in the control storms. A statistical evaluation of the occurrence of lightning discharges in the time interval before seeding and in the corresponding interval of the control storms revealed that there was no significant difference between seeded and control storms, This indicates both categories of storms belong to the same population. If the same applied to the time true seeding and the corresponding interval of the control storms, we find that there is a significant difference between seeded and control after seeding. Therefore the lightning reduction by chart se ding is not due to chance.
C1 [Kasemir, H. W.; Holitza, F. J.; Cobb, W. E.; Rust, W. D.] NOAA, Atmospher Phys & Chem Lab, Boulder, CO 80302 USA.
RP Kasemir, HW (reprint author), NOAA, Atmospher Phys & Chem Lab, Boulder, CO 80302 USA.
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
BN 978-1-118-70481-3; 978-0-87590-737-6
J9 AM GEOPHYS UNION SP
PY 2012
VL 66
BP 530
EP 535
D2 10.1029/SP066
PG 6
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA BA5PX
UT WOS:000336936500040
ER
PT B
AU Kasemir, HW
AF Kasemir, Heinz W.
BE Mazur, V
Ruhnke, LH
TI ELECTRIC FIELD MEASUREMENTS FROM AIRPLANES (Reprinted)
SO HEINZ-WOLFRAM KASEMIR: HIS COLLECTED WORKS
SE American Geophysical Union Special Publications
LA English
DT Reprint; Book Chapter
ID POTENTIAL-GRADIENT
C1 NOAA, Environm Res Labs, Atmospher Phys & Chem Lab, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
RP Kasemir, HW (reprint author), NOAA, Environm Res Labs, Atmospher Phys & Chem Lab, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
BN 978-1-118-70481-3; 978-0-87590-737-6
J9 AM GEOPHYS UNION SP
PY 2012
VL 66
BP 646
EP 653
D2 10.1029/SP066
PG 8
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA BA5PX
UT WOS:000336936500053
ER
PT S
AU Boyar, J
Peralta, R
AF Boyar, Joan
Peralta, Rene
BE Gritzalis, D
Furnell, S
Theoharidou, M
TI A Small Depth-16 Circuit for the AES S-Box
SO INFORMATION SECURITY AND PRIVACY RESEARCH
SE IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 27th IFIP TC11 International Information Security and Privacy Conference
(IFIP SEC)
CY JUN 04-06, 2012
CL Heraklion, GREECE
SP IFIP
ID BASES
AB New techniques for reducing the depth of circuits for cryptographic applications are described. These techniques also keep the number of gates quite small. The result, when applied to the AES S-Box, is a circuit with depth 16 and only 128 gates. For the inverse, it is also depth 16 and has only 127 gates. There is a shared middle part, common to both the S-Box and its inverse, consisting of 63 gates. The best previous comparable design for the AES S-Box has depth 22 and size 148 [12].
C1 [Boyar, Joan] Univ Southern Denmark, Dept Math & Comp Sci, Odense, Denmark.
[Peralta, Rene] NIST, Informat Technol Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Boyar, J (reprint author), Univ Southern Denmark, Dept Math & Comp Sci, Odense, Denmark.
EM joan@imada.sdu.dk; rene.peralta@nist.gov
OI Boyar, Joan/0000-0002-0725-8341
NR 16
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 1868-4238
BN 978-3-642-30436-1
J9 IFIP ADV INF COMM TE
PY 2012
VL 376
BP 287
EP 298
PG 12
WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information
Systems; Telecommunications
SC Computer Science; Telecommunications
GA BD9JP
UT WOS:000364775300024
ER
PT S
AU Reyes, DR
AF Reyes, D. R.
BE Obeng, Y
Datta, S
Hiramoto, T
Srinivasan, P
Banerjee, G
Hesketh, P
Ionescu, A
TI Enabling Long-Term Dielectrophoretic Actuation for Cell Manipulation and
Analysis in Microfluidic Biochips
SO INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON FUNCTIONAL DIVERSIFICATION OF SEMICONDUCTOR
ELECTRONICS
SE ECS Transactions
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on More than Moore held during the PRiME Joint International
Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society and the
Electrochemical-Society-of-Japan
CY OCT 07-12, 2012
CL Honolulu, HI
SP Electrochem Soc, Electrochem Soc Japan, Dielectr Sci & Technol Div, Elect & Photon Div, Sensor Div, New Technol Subcommittee Div, Japan Soc Appl Phys, Korean Electrochem Soc, Royal Australian Chem Inst, Electrochemistry Div, Chinese Soc Electrochemistry
AB An approach that combines not only the cell manipulation capabilities of dielectrophoresis (DEP), but also the conditions to promote appropriate cell function during long-term experiments is presented. The integration of a hybrid cell adhesive material (hCAM) with the trapping forces of positive DEP have demonstrated that after DEP trapping and anchorage on the hCAM cells can be differentiated into neuron-like cells after cultured for more than a week in the microfluidic system. This approach has also shown promise in the development of multilayer microfluidic devices. In these devices cells can be trapped on opposite sides of a permeable polyester (PET) membrane that separates a top and a bottom channel arranged perpendicular to each other. Within these devices cells can be exposed to the specific microenvironments required for appropriate cell co-culture conditions. This system can be used for studies such as cell-cell communication, cell migration, wound healing and many others.
C1 NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Reyes, DR (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA
SN 1938-5862
BN 978-1-62332-013-3
J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS
PY 2012
VL 50
IS 14
BP 31
EP 35
DI 10.1149/05014.0031ecst
PG 5
WC Electrochemistry; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Electrochemistry; Engineering; Materials Science
GA BA8EI
UT WOS:000338023900003
ER
PT S
AU Okoro, CA
Ahn, JJ
Kelso, M
Kabos, P
Kopanski, JJ
Obeng, YS
AF Okoro, Chukuwdi A.
Ahn, Jung-Joon
Kelso, Meagan
Kabos, Pavel
Kopanski, Joseph J.
Obeng, Yaw S.
BE Obeng, Y
Datta, S
Hiramoto, T
Srinivasan, P
Banerjee, G
Hesketh, P
Ionescu, A
TI Measurement Science for "More-Than-Moore" Technology Reliability
Assessments
SO INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON FUNCTIONAL DIVERSIFICATION OF SEMICONDUCTOR
ELECTRONICS
SE ECS Transactions
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on More than Moore held during the PRiME Joint International
Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society and the
Electrochemical-Society-of-Japan
CY OCT 07-12, 2012
CL Honolulu, HI
SP Electrochem Soc, Electrochem Soc Japan, Dielectr Sci & Technol Div, Elect & Photon Div, Sensor Div, New Technol Subcommittee Div, Japan Soc Appl Phys, Korean Electrochem Soc, Royal Australian Chem Inst, Electrochemistry Div, Chinese Soc Electrochemistry
AB In this paper, we will present an overview of metrology issues and some of the techniques currently under development in our group at NIST, aimed at understanding some of the potential performance limiting issues in such highly integrated systems. We will discuss our attempts to identify and characterize the various types of defects and relate them to where and why they form, without interrupting the responsible phenomena.
C1 [Okoro, Chukuwdi A.; Ahn, Jung-Joon; Kelso, Meagan; Kopanski, Joseph J.; Obeng, Yaw S.] NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Phys Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Kabos, Pavel] NIST, Div Elect, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Obeng, YS (reprint author), NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Phys Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM yaw.obeng@nist.gov
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA
SN 1938-5862
BN 978-1-62332-013-3
J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS
PY 2012
VL 50
IS 14
BP 71
EP 79
DI 10.1149/05014.0071ecst
PG 9
WC Electrochemistry; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Electrochemistry; Engineering; Materials Science
GA BA8EI
UT WOS:000338023900008
ER
PT J
AU Madrzykowski, D
Fleischmann, C
AF Madrzykowski, Daniel
Fleischmann, Charles
TI Fire Pattern Repeatability: A Study in Uncertainty
SO JOURNAL OF TESTING AND EVALUATION
LA English
DT Article
DE burn patterns; fire experiments; fire investigation; fire patterns;
flame height; heat release rate
AB The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is conducting a multi-year study, with the support of the National Institute of Justice (NU) and the NIST Office of Law Enforcement Standards (OLES), to examine the repeatability of fire patterns. The primary objective of the study is assessing the repeatability of fire patterns on gypsum board exposed to a limited range of source fires. The focus of this paper is an overview of the uncertainties of the measurements. The study required the use of a variety of measurements to determine the repeatability of the source fires in terms of heat release rate, temperature, heat flux, and flame height. Replicate source fire experiments were conducted in an oxygen consumption calorimeter in order to examine the repeatability of the fires in terms of the heat release rate. The flame movement and height for each fire were recorded with photographs and videos. The fire pattern experiments were conducted in a three-walled structure with a full floor and partial ceiling constructed from wood framing and lined with painted gypsum board. The source fires were positioned against the rear wall, midway along its length. Replicate experiments were conducted with each fuel. The fire patterns were documented and analyzed for repeatability. The tire pattern height results are then compared to the mean flame height results to examine the level of agreement.
C1 [Madrzykowski, Daniel] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Fleischmann, Charles] Univ Canterbury, Dept Civil & Nat Resources Engn, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand.
RP Madrzykowski, D (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
FU National Institute of Justice (NIJ) through NIST Office of Law
Enforcement Standards (OLES); U.S. Fire Administration; New Zealand Fire
Commission
FX This work is partially funded by the National Institute of Justice (NIJ)
through an interagency agreement with the NIST Office of Law Enforcement
Standards (OLES). The writers would like to thank Susan Ballou of OLES
for her support of this project. This work was also partially supported
by the U.S. Fire Administration. The writers also extend their
appreciation to Roger Nokes for his development and continued assistance
with Streams and to the New Zealand Fire Commission for their financial
support to the University of Canterbury.
NR 32
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 4
PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS
PI W CONSHOHOCKEN
PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA
SN 0090-3973
EI 1945-7553
J9 J TEST EVAL
JI J. Test. Eval.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 40
IS 1
BP 1
EP 11
DI 10.1520/JTE104261
PG 11
WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
SC Materials Science
GA 027ZI
UT WOS:000310392200001
ER
PT J
AU Fierro, AO
Zipser, EJ
LeMone, MA
Straka, JM
Simpson, J
AF Fierro, Alexandre O.
Zipser, Edward J.
LeMone, Margaret A.
Straka, Jerry M.
Simpson, Joanne (Malkus)
TI Tropical Oceanic Hot Towers: Need They Be Undilute to Transport Energy
from the Boundary Layer to the Upper Troposphere Effectively? An Answer
Based on Trajectory Analysis of a Simulation of a TOGA COARE Convective
System
SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID VERTICAL VELOCITY EVENTS; DEEP MOIST CONVECTION; 9 FEBRUARY 1993; SQUALL
LINE; NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS; EVOLUTION; MICROPHYSICS; RESOLUTION;
PRECIPITATION; ICE
AB This paper addresses questions resulting from the authors' earlier simulation of the 9 February 1993 Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Research Experiment (TOGA COARE) squall line, which used updraft trajectories to illustrate how updrafts deposit significant moist static energy (in terms of equivalent potential temperature theta(e))n the upper troposphere, despite dilution and a theta(e) minimum in the midtroposphere. The major conclusion drawn from this earlier work was that the "hot towers" that Riehl and Malkus showed as necessary to maintain the Hadley circulation need not be undilute. It was not possible, however, to document how the energy (or theta(e)) increased above the midtroposphere. To address this relevant scientific question, a high-resolution (300 m) simulation was carried out using a standard 3-ICE microphysics scheme (Lin-Farley-Orville).
Detailed along-trajectory information also allows more accurate examination of the forces affecting each parcel's vertical velocity W, their displacement, and the processes impacting theta(e), with focus on parcels reaching the upper troposphere. Below 1 km, pressure gradient acceleration forces parcels upward against negative buoyancy acceleration associated with the sum of (positive) virtual temperature excess and (negative) condensate loading. Above 1 km, the situation reverses, with the buoyancy (and thermal buoyancy) acceleration becoming positive and nearly balancing a negative pressure gradient acceleration, slightly larger in magnitude, leading to a W minimum at midlevels. The W maximum above 8 km and concomitant theta(e) increase between 6 and 8 km are both due to release of latent heat resulting from the enthalpy of freezing of raindrops and riming onto graupel from 5 to 6.5 km and water vapor deposition onto small ice crystals and graupel pellets above that, between 7 and 10 km.
C1 [Fierro, Alexandre O.] Univ Oklahoma, CIMMS, Natl Weather Ctr, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Fierro, Alexandre O.] NOAA OAR Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK USA.
[Zipser, Edward J.] Univ Utah, Dept Atmospher Sci, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
[LeMone, Margaret A.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Straka, Jerry M.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Simpson, Joanne (Malkus)] NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Atmospheres Lab, Baltimore, MD USA.
RP Fierro, AO (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, CIMMS, Natl Weather Ctr, Suite 2100,120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM afierro@ou.edu
RI Fierro, Alexandre/C-4733-2014
OI Fierro, Alexandre/0000-0002-4859-1255
FU NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University of
Oklahoma, U.S. Department of Commerce [NA08OAR4320904]; NSF [0733539,
0646892]
FX Funding was provided by NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research
under NOAA-University of Oklahoma Cooperative Agreement NA08OAR4320904,
U.S. Department of Commerce. Partial funding for this research was also
provided by NSF Grants 0733539 and 0646892. Computer resources were
provided by the Oklahoma Supercomputing Center for Education and
Research (OSCER), hosted at the University of Oklahoma. The authors
would also like to thank Dr. Earle Williams and two anonymous reviewers
for providing extremely helpful suggestions on an earlier version of the
manuscript. Thanks also go out to Jon Zawislak for providing code for
Fig. 1a.
NR 43
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-4928
EI 1520-0469
J9 J ATMOS SCI
JI J. Atmos. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 69
IS 1
BP 195
EP 213
DI 10.1175/JAS-D-11-0147.1
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 876TF
UT WOS:000299129900013
ER
PT S
AU Yuan, H
Li, QL
Zhu, H
Li, HT
Ioannou, D
Richter, CA
AF Yuan, Hui
Li, Qiliang
Zhu, Hao
Li, Haitao
Ioannou, Dimitris
Richter, Curt A.
BE Chang, PC
Suzuki, M
He, JH
Chou, LJ
Overberg, ME
TI Single-Nanowire CMOS Inverter based on Ambipolar Si Nanowire FETs
SO LOW-DIMENSIONAL NANOSCALE ELECTRONIC AND PHOTONIC DEVICES 5 -AND-
STATE-OF-THE-ART PROGRAM ON COMPOUND SEMICONDUCTORS 54 (SOTAPOCS 54)
SE ECS Transactions
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Symposia on Low-Dimensional Nanoscale Elect and Photonic Devices 5 and
State-of-the-Art Program on Cpd Semicond 54 (SOTAPOCS)
CY OCT 07-12, 2012
CL Honolulu, HI
SP Electrochem Soc, Electrochem Soc Japan, Japan Soc Appl Phys, Korean Electrochem Soc, Royal Australian Chem Inst, Electrochemistry Div, Chinese Soc Electrochemistry, Elect & Photon Div, Dielectr Sci & Technol Div, Sensor Div, Luminescence & Display Mat Div
ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS
AB We have successfully fabricated an inverter based on ambipolar Si nanowire FETs. The inverter is consisted of two identical nanowire FETs on a single Si nanowire. The engaged FETs showed asymmetric ambipolar characteristics under positive and negative gate bias. A CMOS-like inverter can be realized on the single nanowire, where one of the devices behaves as an nMOSFET and the other behaves as a pMOSFET.
C1 [Yuan, Hui; Li, Qiliang; Zhu, Hao; Li, Haitao; Ioannou, Dimitris] George Mason Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Yuan, Hui; Li, Qiliang; Zhu, Hao; Li, Haitao; Richter, Curt A.] NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
RP Yuan, H (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
RI Li, Qiliang/B-2225-2015
OI Li, Qiliang/0000-0001-9778-7695
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA
SN 1938-5862
BN 978-1-60768-354-4
J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS
PY 2012
VL 50
IS 6
BP 151
EP 156
DI 10.1149/05006.0151ecst
PG 6
WC Electrochemistry; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Electrochemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA BA8IW
UT WOS:000338190200024
ER
PT J
AU Lin, X
Ruiz, J
Bajraktari, I
Banerjee, S
Robertson, J
Gribble, K
Griggs, RC
Fischbeck, KH
Mankodi, A
AF Lin, X.
Ruiz, J.
Bajraktari, I.
Banerjee, S.
Robertson, J.
Gribble, K.
Griggs, R. C.
Fischbeck, K. H.
Mankodi, A.
TI ZASP mutations trigger disassembly of F-actin bundles in myofibrillar
myopathy.
SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Lin, X.; Ruiz, J.; Bajraktari, I.; Banerjee, S.; Gribble, K.; Fischbeck, K. H.; Mankodi, A.] NINDS, Neurogenet Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Robertson, J.] NIST, Div Semicond Elect, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Griggs, R. C.] Univ Rochester, Neurol, Rochester, NY USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
PI BETHESDA
PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA
SN 1059-1524
EI 1939-4586
J9 MOL BIOL CELL
JI Mol. Biol. Cell
PY 2012
VL 23
MA 234
PG 1
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA V38MX
UT WOS:000209348601234
ER
PT J
AU Ruiz, J
Lin, X
Bajraktari, I
Banerjee, S
Robertson, J
Fischbeck, KH
Mankodi, A
AF Ruiz, J.
Lin, X.
Bajraktari, I.
Banerjee, S.
Robertson, J.
Fischbeck, K. H.
Mankodi, A.
TI Characterization of ZASP-skeletal actin interaction and its role in a
myofibrillar myopathy.
SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Ruiz, J.; Lin, X.; Bajraktari, I.; Banerjee, S.; Fischbeck, K. H.; Mankodi, A.] NINDS, Neurogenet Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Robertson, J.] NIST, Div Semicond Elect, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
PI BETHESDA
PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA
SN 1059-1524
EI 1939-4586
J9 MOL BIOL CELL
JI Mol. Biol. Cell
PY 2012
VL 23
MA 235
PG 2
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA V38MX
UT WOS:000209348601235
ER
PT J
AU Sisan, D
Halter, M
Hubbard, J
Plant, AL
AF Sisan, D.
Halter, M.
Hubbard, J.
Plant, A. L.
TI Predicting rates of cell state change due to stochastic fluctuations
using a data-driven landscape model.
SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Sisan, D.; Halter, M.; Hubbard, J.; Plant, A. L.] NIST, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
PI BETHESDA
PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA
SN 1059-1524
EI 1939-4586
J9 MOL BIOL CELL
JI Mol. Biol. Cell
PY 2012
VL 23
MA 955
PG 1
WC Cell Biology
SC Cell Biology
GA V38MX
UT WOS:000209348603143
ER
PT S
AU Tsuda, T
Ikeda, Y
Arimura, T
Imanishi, A
Kuwabata, S
Hussey, CL
Stafford, GR
AF Tsuda, Tetsuya
Ikeda, Yuichi
Arimura, Takashi
Imanishi, Akihito
Kuwabata, Susumu
Hussey, Charles L.
Stafford, Gery R.
BE Reichert, WM
Mantz, RA
Trulove, PC
Ispas, A
Fox, DM
Mizuhata, M
DeLong, HC
Bund, A
TI Al-W Alloy Deposition from Lewis Acidic Room-Temperature Chloroaluminate
Ionic Liquid
SO MOLTEN SALTS AND IONIC LIQUIDS 18
SE ECS Transactions
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 18th International Symposium on Molten Salts and Ionic Liquids as part
of the 222nd Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society
CY OCT 07-12, 2012
CL Honolulu, HI
SP Electrochem Soc, Electrochem Soc, Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div, Electrochem Soc, Electrodeposit Div, Electrochem Soc, Energy Technol Div, Koei Chem Co
ID CHLORIDE-1-ETHYL-3-METHYLIMIDAZOLIUM CHLORIDE MELT; ALUMINUM-MANGANESE
ALLOYS; TERNARY ALLOYS; MOLTEN-SALTS; ELECTRODEPOSITION; TUNGSTEN;
ELECTROCHEMISTRY; SPECTROSCOPY; PASSIVITY; CORROSION
AB The electrochemistry of binuclear tungsten salt, K-3[W2Cl9], was examined in the Lewis acidic 66.7-33.3 mole percent (m/o) aluminum chloride-1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (AlCl3-[EtMeIm] Cl) room-temperature ionic liquid as it pertains to the electrodeposition of the Al-W alloy. We revealed that Al-W alloy without chloride contamination can be electrodeposited from the 66.7 m/o AlCl3-[EtMeIm]Cl with the K-3[W2Cl9]. Interestingly Al-W alloy having an amorphous phase as well as W-rich Al alloy over 96 atomic present (a/o) W were successfully produced. However the Al-W alloy became covered with powdery deposits with increasing the W content in the alloy. The resulting Al-W alloy showed a favorable chloride-induced pitting potential comparable to that produced by a usual sputtering method if the W content was less than ca. 3 a/o W.
C1 [Tsuda, Tetsuya; Ikeda, Yuichi; Kuwabata, Susumu] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Dept Appl Chem, 2-1 Yamada Oka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan.
[Ikeda, Yuichi] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Frontier Res Base Global Young Res, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan.
[Arimura, Takashi; Imanishi, Akihito] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Dept Chem, Osaka 5608531, Japan.
[Imanishi, Akihito; Kuwabata, Susumu] Japan Sci & Technol Agcy, Core Res Evolut Sci & Technol, Kawaguchi, Saitama 3320012, Japan.
[Hussey, Charles L.] Univ Mississippi, Dept Chem & Biochem, University, MS 38677 USA.
[Stafford, Gery R.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Tsuda, T (reprint author), Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Engn, Dept Appl Chem, 2-1 Yamada Oka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan.
RI Tsuda, Tetsuya/F-7234-2014
OI Tsuda, Tetsuya/0000-0001-9462-8066
FU Iketani Science and Technology Foundation in Japan; Scientific Research
on Innovative Areas [2206, 23107518]; Japanese Ministry of Education,
Culture, Sports, Science and Technology ( MEXT); [24350071]
FX Part of this research was supported by Iketani Science and Technology
Foundation in Japan and Grant- in- Aid for Scientific Research B, Grant
No. 24350071, and for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas ( Area No.
2206), Grant No. 23107518, from Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture,
Sports, Science and Technology ( MEXT).
NR 33
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 10
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA
SN 1938-5862
BN 978-1-60768-359-9
J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS
PY 2012
VL 50
IS 11
BP 239
EP 250
DI 10.1149/05011.0239ecst
PG 12
WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science
GA BA8DY
UT WOS:000338019200028
ER
PT S
AU Haverhals, LM
Reichert, WM
Nazare, S
Zammarano, M
Gilman, JW
De Long, HC
Trulove, PC
AF Haverhals, Luke M.
Reichert, W. Matthew
Nazare, Shonali
Zammarano, Mauro
Gilman, Jeffrey W.
De Long, Hugh C.
Trulove, Paul C.
BE Reichert, WM
Mantz, RA
Trulove, PC
Ispas, A
Fox, DM
Mizuhata, M
DeLong, HC
Bund, A
TI Ionic Liquid Facilitated Introduction of Functional Materials into
Biopolymer Polymer Substrates
SO MOLTEN SALTS AND IONIC LIQUIDS 18
SE ECS Transactions
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 18th International Symposium on Molten Salts and Ionic Liquids as part
of the 222nd Meeting of the Electrochemical-Society
CY OCT 07-12, 2012
CL Honolulu, HI
SP Electrochem Soc, Electrochem Soc, Phys & Analyt Electrochemistry Div, Electrochem Soc, Electrodeposit Div, Electrochem Soc, Energy Technol Div, Koei Chem Co
ID ALL-CELLULOSE NANOCOMPOSITE; ARAMID COMPOSITE FIBERS; PROCESS VARIABLES;
DISSOLUTION; SURFACE
AB In addition to being efficient solvents for biopolymers, several ionic liquids (ILs) have been shown to be effective solvents for synthetic polymers such as meta-aramids, i.e., Nomex (R) (1-5). In this report, meta-aramid/cotton composites are generated by the partial dissolution of fibrous materials. Composite materials are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and flammability testing. Results suggest that the ionic liquid facilitated processes demonstrated are potentially powerful methods for enhancing the thermal stability and flammability characteristics of biopolymers without the denaturation of important native micro and meso structures.
C1 [Haverhals, Luke M.; Trulove, Paul C.] US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
[Reichert, W. Matthew] Univ S Alabama, Dept Chem, Mobile, AL 36688 USA.
[Nazare, Shonali; De Long, Hugh C.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Zammarano, Mauro; Gilman, Jeffrey W.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Nazare, Shonali; De Long, Hugh C.] Air Force Off Sci Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA.
RP Haverhals, LM (reprint author), US Naval Acad, Dept Chem, Annapolis, MD 21402 USA.
FU U. S. Air Force Office; U. S. Naval Academy; National Institute of
Standard and Technology
FX We are grateful to the U. S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research for
funding and to the U. S. Naval Academy for facilities utilized to
perform this work. We are also grateful for National Institute of
Standard and Technology personnel, funding, and facilities which enabled
flammability testing. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or
recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and
do not necessarily reflect the views of the U. S. Air Force, U. S. Navy,
or the National Institute of Standard and Technology.
NR 23
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 3
PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC
PI PENNINGTON
PA 65 S MAIN ST, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534-2839 USA
SN 1938-5862
BN 978-1-60768-359-9
J9 ECS TRANSACTIONS
PY 2012
VL 50
IS 11
BP 631
EP 640
DI 10.1149/05011.0631ecst
PG 10
WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science
GA BA8DY
UT WOS:000338019200065
ER
PT B
AU Attota, R
AF Attota, Ravikiran
BE Laudon, M
Romanowicz, B
TI 3D Metrology of sub-60 nm Lines Using TSOM Optical Method
SO NANOTECHNOLOGY 2012, VOL 1: ADVANCED MATERIALS, CNTS, PARTICLES, FILMS
AND COMPOSITES
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT NSTI Nanotechnology Conference and Expo (Nanotech 2012)
CY JUN 18-21, 2012
CL Santa Clara, CA
SP ACCT Canada, Anaheim Ctr New Energy Technol, Angel Capital Assoc, Antenna Syst Magazine, Appl Mat, Arsenal Venture Partners, Austin Energy, AUTM, BASF, Battery Power Magazine, Carbon Credit Capital, CHInano2011, Clean Technol & Sustainable Ind, Org CTSI, Circuits Multi Projets, Constellat Energy, Eco Business com, EcoSeed, European Patent Off, Fraunhofer TechBridge, GigaOM, Green Blog Network, Greenberg Traurig, Hitachi High Technol Am Inc, Inst Civil Engineers, Insight InterAsia, IOP Publish, Jackson Walker LLP, Japan Technol Grp, Kauffman Fdn, Lam Res Corp, Licens Execut Soc, Lux Res, Mead Westvaco, MEMS Ind Grp, Nano Sci & Technol Inst, nano tech Japan, Natl Grid, Natl Venture Capital Assoc, Nanotechnol Ind Assoc, NE Utilities, PPG Ind, SciTech Patent Art, Shell GameChanger, SK Innovat, So California Edison, Taylor & Francis Grp LLC - CRC Press, TechConnect, Texas Nanotechnol Initiat, Env Business Cluster, Natl Assoc Seed & Venture, Funds NASVF, Zyvex Technol
DE TSOM; through-focus scanning; optical microscope; nanometrology;
three-dimensional metrology
AB This paper describes three-dimensional nanoscale measurement capability of the relatively new optical method called through-focus scanning optical microscopy (TSOM). The TSOM method converts a conventional optical microscope into a three-dimensional metrology tool. Nanoscale sensitivity to size and shape changes of lines are demonstrated here using optical simulations.
C1 [Attota, Ravikiran] NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Attota, R (reprint author), NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM Ravikiran.attota@nist.gov
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-1-4665-6274-5
PY 2012
BP 21
EP 23
PG 3
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA BG7DX
UT WOS:000391247800006
ER
PT B
AU Hanke, C
Dittrich, PS
Reyes, DR
AF Hanke, C.
Dittrich, P. S.
Reyes, D. R.
BE Laudon, M
Romanowicz, B
TI Fabrication of Microelectrodes on Polyester Membranes for
Dielectrophoretic Cell Capture
SO NANOTECHNOLOGY 2012, VOL 3: BIO SENSORS, INSTRUMENTS, MEDICAL,
ENVIRONMENT AND ENERGY
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT NSTI Nanotechnology Conference and Expo (Nanotech 2012)
CY JUN 18-21, 2012
CL Santa Clara, CA
SP ACCT Canada, Anaheim Ctr New Energy Technol, Angel Capital Assoc, Antenna Syst Magazine, Appl Mat, Arsenal Venture Partners, Austin Energy, AUTM, BASF, Battery Power Magazine, Carbon Credit Capital, CHInano2011, Clean Technol & Sustainable Ind, Org CTSI, Circuits Multi Projets, Constellat Energy, Eco Business com, EcoSeed, European Patent Off, Fraunhofer TechBridge, GigaOM, Green Blog Network, Greenberg Traurig, Hitachi High Technol Am Inc, Inst Civil Engineers, Insight InterAsia, IOP Publish, Jackson Walker LLP, Japan Technol Grp, Kauffman Fdn, Lam Res Corp, Licens Execut Soc, Lux Res, Mead Westvaco, MEMS Ind Grp, Nano Sci & Technol Inst, nano tech Japan, Natl Grid, Natl Venture Capital Assoc, Nanotechnol Ind Assoc, NE Utilities, PPG Ind, SciTech Patent Art, Shell GameChanger, SK Innovat, So California Edison, Taylor & Francis Grp LLC - CRC Press, TechConnect, Texas Nanotechnol Initiat, Env Business Cluster, Natl Assoc Seed & Venture, Funds NASVF, Zyvex Technol
DE metallization; gold microelectrodes; polyester (polyethylene
terephtalate PET) membrane; dielectrophoresis; cell capture
AB We present a new system for cell capturing on permeable polyester (PET) membranes using dielectrophoretic forces. Gold microelectrodes were fabricated on PET membranes using conventional photolithographic techniques. Physical characterization by using different microscopy techniques revealed no differences before and after processing. Dielectrophoretic cell trapping was successfully carried out within this microfluidic system and cells remained viable at least a day after capturing.
C1 [Hanke, C.; Reyes, D. R.] NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Phys Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr,MS 8120, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Hanke, C.; Dittrich, P. S.] ETH, Dept Chem & Appl Biosci, Wolfgang Pauli Str 10, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
RP Reyes, DR (reprint author), NIST, Semicond & Dimens Metrol Div, Phys Measurement Lab, 100 Bur Dr,MS 8120, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM darwin.reyes@nist.gov
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-1-4665-6276-9
PY 2012
BP 98
EP 101
PG 4
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Biomedical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Toxicology
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics;
Toxicology
GA BG7DZ
UT WOS:000391249300026
ER
PT B
AU Petersen, EJ
AF Petersen, E. J.
BE Laudon, M
Romanowicz, B
TI Uptake and Elimination Behaviors of Polyethyleneimine (PEI)-Coated
Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes by Eisenia foetida and Daphnia magna
SO NANOTECHNOLOGY 2012, VOL 3: BIO SENSORS, INSTRUMENTS, MEDICAL,
ENVIRONMENT AND ENERGY
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT NSTI Nanotechnology Conference and Expo (Nanotech 2012)
CY JUN 18-21, 2012
CL Santa Clara, CA
SP ACCT Canada, Anaheim Ctr New Energy Technol, Angel Capital Assoc, Antenna Syst Magazine, Appl Mat, Arsenal Venture Partners, Austin Energy, AUTM, BASF, Battery Power Magazine, Carbon Credit Capital, CHInano2011, Clean Technol & Sustainable Ind, Org CTSI, Circuits Multi Projets, Constellat Energy, Eco Business com, EcoSeed, European Patent Off, Fraunhofer TechBridge, GigaOM, Green Blog Network, Greenberg Traurig, Hitachi High Technol Am Inc, Inst Civil Engineers, Insight InterAsia, IOP Publish, Jackson Walker LLP, Japan Technol Grp, Kauffman Fdn, Lam Res Corp, Licens Execut Soc, Lux Res, Mead Westvaco, MEMS Ind Grp, Nano Sci & Technol Inst, nano tech Japan, Natl Grid, Natl Venture Capital Assoc, Nanotechnol Ind Assoc, NE Utilities, PPG Ind, SciTech Patent Art, Shell GameChanger, SK Innovat, So California Edison, Taylor & Francis Grp LLC - CRC Press, TechConnect, Texas Nanotechnol Initiat, Env Business Cluster, Natl Assoc Seed & Venture, Funds NASVF, Zyvex Technol
DE nanotoxicology; single-walled carbon nanotubes; bioaccumulation;
nano-environmental health and safety; ecotoxicology
ID MEDIATED FUNCTIONALIZATION; ECOLOGICAL UPTAKE; BIOACCUMULATION;
DEPURATION; SOILS
AB Determining the effects of various surface coatings on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is critical given the numerous expected applications of CNTs and their inevitable release into ecosystems. To explore the potential ecotoxicological effects of CNT surface modifications, we modified multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) with polyethyleneimine (PEI) coatings. Uptake and elimination experiments for PEI-MWNTs with various surface charges spiked to soils revealed limited earthworm accumulation and ready elimination. Conversely, Daphnia magna, a filter-feeding aquatic invertebrate, accumulated substantial concentrations of PEI MWNTs and was only able to excrete them with algae feeding. This suggests that the availability of food in ecosystems will substantially affect the long-term fate of nanotubes ingested by daphnia. Uptake was quantified in both species using carbon-14 labeled nanotubes.
C1 [Petersen, E. J.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Petersen, EJ (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM elijah.petersen@nist.gov
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-1-4665-6276-9
PY 2012
BP 277
EP 280
PG 4
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Biomedical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Toxicology
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics;
Toxicology
GA BG7DZ
UT WOS:000391249300071
ER
PT B
AU Petersen, EJ
Marquis, BJ
Jaruga, P
Dizdaroglu, M
Nelson, BC
AF Petersen, E. J.
Marquis, B. J.
Jaruga, P.
Dizdaroglu, M.
Nelson, B. C.
BE Laudon, M
Romanowicz, B
TI Tools and Approaches for the Assessment of Nanomaterial Induced
Oxidative DNA Damage
SO NANOTECHNOLOGY 2012, VOL 3: BIO SENSORS, INSTRUMENTS, MEDICAL,
ENVIRONMENT AND ENERGY
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT NSTI Nanotechnology Conference and Expo (Nanotech 2012)
CY JUN 18-21, 2012
CL Santa Clara, CA
SP ACCT Canada, Anaheim Ctr New Energy Technol, Angel Capital Assoc, Antenna Syst Magazine, Appl Mat, Arsenal Venture Partners, Austin Energy, AUTM, BASF, Battery Power Magazine, Carbon Credit Capital, CHInano2011, Clean Technol & Sustainable Ind, Org CTSI, Circuits Multi Projets, Constellat Energy, Eco Business com, EcoSeed, European Patent Off, Fraunhofer TechBridge, GigaOM, Green Blog Network, Greenberg Traurig, Hitachi High Technol Am Inc, Inst Civil Engineers, Insight InterAsia, IOP Publish, Jackson Walker LLP, Japan Technol Grp, Kauffman Fdn, Lam Res Corp, Licens Execut Soc, Lux Res, Mead Westvaco, MEMS Ind Grp, Nano Sci & Technol Inst, nano tech Japan, Natl Grid, Natl Venture Capital Assoc, Nanotechnol Ind Assoc, NE Utilities, PPG Ind, SciTech Patent Art, Shell GameChanger, SK Innovat, So California Edison, Taylor & Francis Grp LLC - CRC Press, TechConnect, Texas Nanotechnol Initiat, Env Business Cluster, Natl Assoc Seed & Venture, Funds NASVF, Zyvex Technol
DE nanotoxicology; Comet assay; genotoxicity; biomarker; toxicology
ID NANOPARTICLES; EXPOSURE
AB Hyphenated mass spectrometry techniques have been employed as one of the primary analytical tools for investigating the effects of ionizing radiation, chemical/biological carcinogens, and oxygen derived free radicals on the induction and subsequent repair of oxidatively-induced DNA damage (DNA lesions) in living systems. The National Institute of Standards and Technology has established a comprehensive research program focused on identifying mechanisms of DNA damage caused by commercially relevant engineered nanoparticles (NPs) using these techniques for the quantification of oxidatively-induced DNA damage. We present an overview of our recent findings from studies on metal (gold) and metal oxide (ultrafine superparamagnetic iron oxide) nanoparticles using isotope dilution liquid chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis, respectively.
C1 [Petersen, E. J.; Marquis, B. J.; Jaruga, P.; Dizdaroglu, M.; Nelson, B. C.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Petersen, EJ (reprint author), NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM elijah.petersen@nist.gov
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-1-4665-6276-9
PY 2012
BP 307
EP 310
PG 4
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Biomedical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Toxicology
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics;
Toxicology
GA BG7DZ
UT WOS:000391249300079
ER
PT J
AU Stramma, L
Prince, ED
Schmidtko, S
Luo, JG
Hoolihan, JP
Visbeck, M
Wallace, DWR
Brandt, P
Kortzinger, A
AF Stramma, Lothar
Prince, Eric D.
Schmidtko, Sunke
Luo, Jiangang
Hoolihan, John P.
Visbeck, Martin
Wallace, Douglas W. R.
Brandt, Peter
Koertzinger, Arne
TI Expansion of oxygen minimum zones may reduce available habitat for
tropical pelagic fishes
SO NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID BILLFISHES; ATLANTIC; HYPOXIA; COMPRESSION; VENTILATION; OCEANS
AB Climate model predictions(1,2) and observations(3,4),4 reveal regional declines in oceanic dissolved oxygen, which are probably influenced by global warming(5). Studies indicate ongoing dissolved oxygen depletion and vertical expansion of the oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) in the tropical northeast Atlantic Ocean(6,7). OMZ shoaling may restrict the usable habitat of billfishes and tunas to a narrow surface layer(8,9). We report a decrease in the upper ocean layer exceeding 3.5 ml l(-1) dissolved oxygen at a rate of <= 1 m yr(-1) in the tropical northeast Atlantic (0-25 degrees N, 12-30 degrees W), amounting to an annual habitat loss of similar to 5.95 x 10(13) m(3), or 15% for the period 1960-2010. Habitat compression and associated potential habitat loss was validated using electronic tagging data from 47 blue marlin. This phenomenon increases vulnerability to surface fishing gear for billfishes and tunas(8,9), and may be associated with a 10-50% worldwide decline of pelagic predator diversity(10). Further expansion of the Atlantic OMZ along with overfishing may threaten the sustainability of these valuable pelagic fisheries and marine ecosystems.
C1 [Stramma, Lothar; Visbeck, Martin; Wallace, Douglas W. R.; Brandt, Peter; Koertzinger, Arne] Leibniz Inst Marine Sci IFM GEOMAR, D-24105 Kiel, Germany.
[Prince, Eric D.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Schmidtko, Sunke] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Hoolihan, John P.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Wallace, Douglas W. R.] Dalhousie Univ, Canada Excellence Res Chair, Dept Oceanog, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada.
RP Stramma, L (reprint author), Leibniz Inst Marine Sci IFM GEOMAR, Dusternbrooker Weg 20, D-24105 Kiel, Germany.
EM eric.prince@noaa.gov
RI Brandt, Peter/C-8254-2013; Kortzinger, Arne/A-4141-2014; Schmidtko,
Sunke/F-3355-2011; Visbeck, Martin/B-6541-2016
OI Brandt, Peter/0000-0002-9235-955X; Kortzinger, Arne/0000-0002-8181-3593;
Schmidtko, Sunke/0000-0003-3272-7055; Visbeck,
Martin/0000-0002-0844-834X
FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) part of the Collaborative Research
Center [SFB-754]; Southeast Fisheries Science Center; Billfish
Foundation; Adopt-A-Billfish Program; NOAA Climate Program Office; NOAA
Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research; National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration [NA1RJ1226]
FX The Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) provided support as part of
the Collaborative Research Center SFB-754 (L.S., M.V., P.B. and A.K.).
Support for the biological part of the study was provided through the
Southeast Fisheries Science Center, The Billfish Foundation and the
Adopt-A-Billfish Program (E.D.P.). Additional support was provided
through the NOAA Climate Program Office and the NOAA Office of Oceanic
and Atmospheric Research (S.S.). Support for J.L. and J.P.H. was
provided by the Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies
(CIMAS), a Cooperative Institute of the University of Miami and the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, cooperative agreement
NA1RJ1226.
NR 31
TC 103
Z9 106
U1 12
U2 65
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1758-678X
EI 1758-6798
J9 NAT CLIM CHANGE
JI Nat. Clim. Chang.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 2
IS 1
BP 33
EP 37
DI 10.1038/NCLIMATE1304
PG 5
WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 881OH
UT WOS:000299495500017
ER
PT B
AU Cundiff, ST
AF Cundiff, Steven T.
BE Prasankumar, RP
Taylor, AJ
TI TRANSIENT FOUR-WAVE MIXING
SO OPTICAL TECHNIQUES FOR SOLID-STATE MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID GAAS QUANTUM-WELLS; FOURIER-TRANSFORM SPECTROSCOPY; HEAVY-HOLE EXCITONS;
PHOTON-ECHO; LIGHT-HOLE; POLARIZATION DEPENDENCE; 2-DIMENSIONAL
EXCITONS; LINE-SHAPES; SEMICONDUCTORS; BEATS
C1 [Cundiff, Steven T.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Cundiff, Steven T.] NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Cundiff, ST (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
NR 57
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-1-4398-1437-6; 978-1-4398-1537-3
PY 2012
BP 371
EP 396
PG 26
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA BC8AX
UT WOS:000355481900011
ER
PT J
AU Uchida, T
Ohno, Y
AF Uchida, T.
Ohno, Y.
GP CIE
TI AN EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH TO A DEFINITION OF THE MESOPIC ADAPTATION FIELD
SO PROCEEDINGS OF CIE 2012 LIGHTING QUALITY AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference of the International-Commission-on-Illumination on Lighting
Quality and Energy Efficiency
CY SEP 19-21, 2012
CL Hangzhou, PEOPLES R CHINA
SP Int Commiss Illuminat, China Illuminat Engn Soc
DE mesopic photometry; adaptation field; visual task performance; luminance
contrast detection threshold
ID THRESHOLD MEASUREMENTS
AB CIE 191:2010 recommends a mesopic photometry system that defines the spectral luminous efficiency function for peripheral visual tasks. To apply the system to lighting applications, the visual adaptation condition needs to be determined, but the visual adaptation field has not yet been defined. To obtain such empirical data, psychophysical experiments have been conducted to measure the effect of the surround luminance to the adaptation state. The results show that the adaptation state depends mostly on the local luminance. These results imply that the adaptation field differs for each lighting application.
C1 [Uchida, T.] Panasonic Corp, Osaka, Japan.
[Ohno, Y.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
RP Uchida, T (reprint author), Panasonic Corp, Osaka, Japan.
EM uchida.tatsukiyo@jp.panasonic.com
FU European Research Council under the ERC Starting Grant
[ERC-2007-StG-203143(MAHNOB)]; National Science Foundation [IIS0916812];
EPSRC grant [EP/J017787/1]
FX This work has been supported by the European Research Council under the
ERC Starting Grant no. ERC-2007-StG-203143(MAHNOB), and the National
Science Foundation under Grant no. IIS0916812. The current work by
Ognjen Rudovic is supported by the EPSRC grant EP/J017787/1: Analysis of
Facial Behaviour for Security in 4D(4D-FAB).
NR 7
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU C I E CENTRAL BUREAU
PI VIENNA
PA KEGELGASSE 27, A-1030 VIENNA, AUSTRIA
BN 978-3-902842-42-8
PY 2012
BP 71
EP 76
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA BJM64
UT WOS:000329166800010
ER
PT J
AU Zong, Y
Hulett, J
AF Zong, Y.
Hulett, J.
GP CIE
TI DEVELOPMENT OF A FULLY AUTOMATED LED LIFETIME TEST SYSTEM
SO PROCEEDINGS OF CIE 2012 LIGHTING QUALITY AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference of the International-Commission-on-Illumination on Lighting
Quality and Energy Efficiency
CY SEP 19-21, 2012
CL Hangzhou, PEOPLES R CHINA
SP Int Commiss Illuminat, China Illuminat Engn Soc
DE LED; Lifetime; Ageing; Testing
AB A fully automated system for light-emitting diode (LED) lifetime test has been developed and is undergoing validation. This system uses a 1 m integrating sphere for both ageing and optical measurements of 480 LEDs. It features six test zones, each of which holds an LED load board with 80 LEDs. Each zone operates independently, executing a user-entered recipe that defines current (to 5 A), voltage (to 200 V), mode (continuous on, pulsing, or cycling), and temperature (from 25 degrees C to 115 degrees C). LED ageing and light measurement occurs without the requirement to move the LED load board since the Thermal Electric Cooler (TEC) based temperature zones are enclosed within the sphere. This fully automated system addresses several challenges inherent with existing methods that require costly labour to move LED load boards from thermal control chambers to light measurements spheres. Using the new system, frequent light measurements are possible with small measurement uncertainties and a reduced operating cost. The fully automated LED lifetime test system is designed to operate for 3 - 5 years, producing long-term luminous flux depreciation data that can be applied to validate existing lifetime models and to develop new models for predicting LED lifetime.
C1 [Zong, Y.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Zong, Y (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM yuqin.zong@nist.gov
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU C I E CENTRAL BUREAU
PI VIENNA
PA KEGELGASSE 27, A-1030 VIENNA, AUSTRIA
BN 978-3-902842-42-8
PY 2012
BP 239
EP 245
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA BJM64
UT WOS:000329166800037
ER
PT J
AU Niwa, K
Godo, K
Zama, T
Zong, Y
Ohno, Y
AF Niwa, K.
Godo, K.
Zama, T.
Zong, Y.
Ohno, Y.
GP CIE
TI MEASUREMENT OF ANGULAR NONUNIFORMITY OF AN INTEGRATION SPHERE FOR TOTAL
SPECTRAL RADIANT FLUX MEASUREMENT
SO PROCEEDINGS OF CIE 2012 LIGHTING QUALITY AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference of the International-Commission-on-Illumination on Lighting
Quality and Energy Efficiency
CY SEP 19-21, 2012
CL Hangzhou, PEOPLES R CHINA
SP Int Commiss Illuminat, China Illuminat Engn Soc
DE Integrating Sphere; Spatial response distribution function; total
spectral radiant flux
AB In order to measure total spectral radiant flux value using integrating sphere, the spatial response distribution function (SRDF) of the sphere detector should be taken into account to correct the errors arising from the differences spatial distribution of radiant flux from sources. We have constructed beam scanner systems and measured SRDF for 2 pi and 4 pi light source geometries.
We could obtain SRDF profiles of 2 pi and 4 pi geometries. The results showed that nonuniformity of SRDF was extreme around detector ports that were placed behind the baffles, which was as much as 10 %. Non-uniformities of SRDF caused by the shadow of baffles were also observed. SRDF profile could be measured to evaluate and correct the errors arising from special distribution differences of the light sources.
C1 [Niwa, K.; Godo, K.; Zama, T.] Natl Metrol Inst Japan, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
[Zong, Y.; Ohno, Y.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
RP Niwa, K (reprint author), Natl Metrol Inst Japan, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
EM niwa-k@aist.go.jp
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU C I E CENTRAL BUREAU
PI VIENNA
PA KEGELGASSE 27, A-1030 VIENNA, AUSTRIA
BN 978-3-902842-42-8
PY 2012
BP 659
EP 662
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA BJM64
UT WOS:000329166800103
ER
PT B
AU Lewis, R
Schneider, H
Wang, YD
Radebaugh, R
Lee, YC
AF Lewis, Ryan
Schneider, Hayley
Wang, Yunda
Radebaugh, Ray
Lee, Y. C.
GP ASME
TI TWO PHASE FLOW PATTERNS AND COOLING POWER OF MIXED REFRIGERANT IN MICRO
CRYOGENIC COOLERS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NANOCHANNELS,
MICROCHANNELS AND MINICHANNELS 2012
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 10th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels and
Minichannels
CY JUL 08-12, 2012
CL ASME, Heat Transfer Div, Rio Grande, PR
SP ASME, Fluids Engn Div
HO ASME, Heat Transfer Div
AB Micro cryogenic coolers (MCCs) operating in the Joule-Thomson cycle with mixed refrigerants offer an attractive way to decrease the size, cost, and power draw required for cryogenic cooling. Recent studies of MCCs with mixed refrigerants have, when employing pre-cooling, shown pulsating flow-rates and oscillating temperatures, which have been linked to the refrigerant flow regime in the MCC. In this study we investigate those flow regimes. Using a high-speed camera and optical microscopy, it is found that the pulsations in flow correspond to an abrupt switch from single-phase vapor flow to single-phase liquid flow, followed by 2-phase flow in the form of bubbles, liquid slugs, and liquid slug-annular rings. After this period of 2-phase flow, the refrigerant transitions back to single-phase vapor flow for the cycle to repeat. Under different pre-cooling temperatures, the mole fraction of the vapor-phase refrigerant, as measured by molar flow-rate, agrees reasonably well with the quality of the refrigerant at that temperature as calculated by an equation of state. The frequency of pulsation increases with liquid fraction in the refrigerant, and the volume of liquid in each pulse only weakly increases with increasing liquid fraction. The cooling power of the liquid-flow is up to a factor of 7 greater than that of the 2-phase flows and single-phase vapor flow.
C1 [Lewis, Ryan; Schneider, Hayley; Wang, Yunda; Lee, Y. C.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Radebaugh, Ray] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Lewis, R (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4479-3
PY 2012
BP 501
EP +
PG 2
WC Engineering, Mechanical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA BA3XT
UT WOS:000335090900062
ER
PT B
AU Michaloski, J
Lee, BE
Proctor, F
Venkatesh, S
AF Michaloski, John
Lee, Byeong Eon
Proctor, Frederick
Venkatesh, Sid
GP ASME
TI WEB-ENABLED REAL-TIME QUALITY FEEDBACK FOR FACTORY SYSTEMS USING
MTCONNECT
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL
CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE
2012, VOL 2, PTS A AND B
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences/Computers
Information in Engineering Conference
CY AUG 12-15, 2012
CL Chicago, IL
SP ASME, Design Engn Div, ASME, Comp & Informat Engn Div
DE MTConnect; inspection; quality assurance; tolerance; manufacturing
AB Quality is a key element to success for any manufacturer, and the fundamental prerequisite for quality is measurement. In the discrete parts industry, quality is attained through inspection of parts but typically there is a long latency between machining, quality measurement and part/process assessment. Since manufacturing systems are by their nature imperfect, it is imperative to indentify and rectify out-of-tolerance processes as soon as possible. Rapid quality feedback into the factory operation is not a complex concept, however, the collection and dissemination of the necessary measurement data in a timely and tightly integrated manner is challenging. This paper discusses Web-enabled, real-time quality data based on the integration of MTConnect and quality measurement reporting data. MTConnect is an open factory communication standard that leverages the Internet and uses XML for data representation. The quality data is represented in MTConnect as XML to represent Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing (GD&T) output results. A pilot implementation to produce Web-enabled, real-time quality results in a standard MTConnect XML representation from Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) inspections will be discussed.
C1 [Michaloski, John; Lee, Byeong Eon; Proctor, Frederick] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Venkatesh, Sid] Boeing Co, Seattle, WA USA.
RP Michaloski, J (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4501-1
PY 2012
BP 403
EP +
PG 2
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering,
Multidisciplinary
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA BA4KX
UT WOS:000335932700045
ER
PT B
AU Shakarji, CM
Srinivasan, V
AF Shakarji, Craig M.
Srinivasan, Vijay
GP ASME
TI FITTING WEIGHTED TOTAL LEAST-SQUARES PLANES AND PARALLEL PLANES TO
SUPPORT TOLERANCING STANDARDS
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL
CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE
2012, VOL 2, PTS A AND B
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences/Computers
Information in Engineering Conference
CY AUG 12-15, 2012
CL Chicago, IL
SP ASME, Design Engn Div, ASME, Comp & Informat Engn Div
ID ALGORITHM
AB We present elegant algorithms for fitting a plane, two parallel planes (corresponding to a slot or a slab) or many parallel planes in a total (orthogonal) least-squares sense to coordinate data that is weighted. Each of these problems is reduced to a simple 3x3 matrix eigenvalue/eigenvector problem or an equivalent singular value decomposition problem, which can be solved using reliable and readily available commercial software. These methods were numerically verified by comparing them with brute-force minimization searches. We demonstrate the need for such weighted total least-squares fitting in coordinate metrology to support new and emerging tolerancing standards, for instance, ISO 14405-1:2010. The widespread practice of unweighted fitting works well enough when point sampling is controlled and can be made uniform (e.g., using a discrete point contact Coordinate Measuring Machine). However, we demonstrate that nonuniformly sampled points (arising from many new measurement technologies) coupled with unweighted least-squares fitting can lead to erroneous results. When needed, the algorithms presented also solve the unweighted cases simply by assigning the value one to each weight. We additionally prove convergence from the discrete to continuous cases of least-squares fitting as the point sampling becomes dense.
C1 [Shakarji, Craig M.] NIST, Phys Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Srinivasan, Vijay] NIST, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Shakarji, CM (reprint author), NIST, Phys Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM craig.shakarji@nist.gov; vijay.srinivasan@nist.gov
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4501-1
PY 2012
BP 449
EP +
PG 2
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering,
Multidisciplinary
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA BA4KX
UT WOS:000335932700049
ER
PT B
AU Mani, M
Madan, J
Lee, JH
Lyons, K
Gupta, SK
AF Mani, Mahesh
Madan, Jatinder
Lee, Jae Hyun
Lyons, Kevin
Gupta, S. K.
GP ASME
TI CHARACTERIZING SUSTAINABILITY FOR MANUFACTURING PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL
CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE
2012, VOL 2, PTS A AND B
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences/Computers
Information in Engineering Conference
CY AUG 12-15, 2012
CL Chicago, IL
SP ASME, Design Engn Div, ASME, Comp & Informat Engn Div
DE sustainable manufacturing; manufacturing performance; characterization;
assessment methodology
AB Manufacturing industries lack the measurement science and the needed information base to measure and effectively compare performance of manufacturing processes, resources and associated services with respect to sustainability. The current use of ad-hoc methods and tools to assess and describe sustainability of manufactured products do not account for manufacturing processes explicitly and hence results in inaccurate and ambiguous comparisons. Further, there are no formal methods for acquiring and exchanging information that help establish a consolidated sustainability information base. Our goal is to develop the needed measurement science and methodology that will enable manufacturers to evaluate sustainability performance of fundamental manufacturing processes ensuring reliable and consistent comparisons. In this paper, we propose and discuss a methodology for sustainability characterization to bridge the measurement science and the needed information base for sustainable manufacturing. This will set the stage for manufacturers to objectively assess and compare different manufacturing processes for sustainability.
C1 [Mani, Mahesh; Madan, Jatinder; Lee, Jae Hyun; Lyons, Kevin] NIST, Syst Integrat Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Gupta, S. K.] Univ Maryland, Syst Res Inst, Dept Mech Engn, College Pk, MD USA.
[Mani, Mahesh] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD USA.
[Madan, Jatinder] Sant Longowal Inst Engg & Tech, Longowal, India.
RP Mani, M (reprint author), NIST, Syst Integrat Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 23
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4501-1
PY 2012
BP 1153
EP +
PG 3
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering,
Multidisciplinary
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA BA4KX
UT WOS:000335932700125
ER
PT B
AU Kim, DB
Leong, S
Chen, CS
AF Kim, Duck Bong
Leong, Swee
Chen, Chin-Sheng
GP ASME
TI AN OVERVIEW OF SUSTAINABILITY INDICATORS AND METRICS FOR DISCRETE PART
MANUFACTURING
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL
CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE
2012, VOL 2, PTS A AND B
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences/Computers
Information in Engineering Conference
CY AUG 12-15, 2012
CL Chicago, IL
SP ASME, Design Engn Div, ASME, Comp & Informat Engn Div
ID ENVIRONMENTAL-IMPACT; SYSTEM
AB Sustainable manufacturing has become an emerging environmental, economic, societal, and technological challenge to the industry, the academia, and the government entities. Numerous research and development (R&D) efforts have been launched, and many global and domestic efforts have been initiated toward a long-term sustainable world. This paper provides an overview of R&D efforts in the measurement of manufacturing sustainability, based on an intensive literature search. It focuses on sustainability metrics that apply to unit machining processes for discrete part manufacturing. The authors present results from assessing the scope of indicators that exist for sustainability measurement in general, with a quick visit to the taxonomy of manufacturing activities and different classifications Of existing SM metrics by unit machining processes. Most metrics at the unit machining level were developed to measure environmental impacts with respect to energy, materials, water, wastes, and air emissions, while a relatively smaller effort was developed to gauge societal or economic impacts. We report on an analysis of energy metrics available for various unit machining processes at the sub-device and sub-unit process level.
C1 [Kim, Duck Bong; Leong, Swee] NIST, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Chen, Chin-Sheng] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
RP Kim, DB (reprint author), NIST, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 50
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4501-1
PY 2012
BP 1173
EP +
PG 4
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering,
Multidisciplinary
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA BA4KX
UT WOS:000335932700127
ER
PT S
AU Krima, S
Feeney, AB
Foufou, S
AF Krima, Sylvere
Feeney, Allison Barnard
Foufou, Sebti
BE Rivest, L
Bouras, A
Louhichi, B
TI Dynamic Customization and Validation of Product Data Models Using
Semantic Web Tools
SO PRODUCT LIFECYCLE MANAGEMENT: TOWARDS KNOWLEDGE-RICH ENTERPRISES (PLM
2012)
SE IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 9th IFIP WG 5.1 International Conference on Product Lifecycle Management
(PLM)
CY JUL 09-11, 2012
CL Univ Quebec, Ecole Technologie Superieure, Montreal, CANADA
SP Int Federat Informat Proc Working Grp 5 1, PCO Innovat, Dassault Syst, Audros, Strategy Consulting & Innovat Prod Engn Inc, GPA, Lab Ingn Produits Procedes & Syst, CRIAQ
HO Univ Quebec, Ecole Technologie Superieure
ID PLM
AB Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) has always required robust solutions for representing product data models. Product data models enable information exchange across different organizations, actors, processes and stages in the product lifecycle. In this context, standardization of models plays a key role, since it ensures interoperability between the different systems that support information exchange. These standard models need to support diverse domain-specific requirements from the multitude of disciplines involved during a product's lifecycle. Due to this diversity, challenges are to (1) develop multidisciplinary reusable models, (2) extend them to support new requirements over time (new products, new regulations, new materials, new processes) and (3) implement the resulting gigantic information models. ISO 10303, the reference standard for PLM-related data models provides two mechanisms that enable specialization of generic product data to address some of these challenges. In this paper we introduce the need for dynamic PLM-related information models, detail the existing ISO 10303 method and identify its limitations. We then present a methodology for enhancing that method using the Web Ontology Language (OWL) and ontologies for representing product data models and the SPARQL Inference Notation (SPIN), a new Semantic Web technology, for validating product data and overcoming OWL limitations.
C1 [Krima, Sylvere; Feeney, Allison Barnard] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Foufou, Sebti] Qatar Univ, Doha, Qatar.
[Krima, Sylvere; Foufou, Sebti] Univ Bourgogne, UMR 6306, Lab Le2i, F-21004 Dijon, France.
RP Krima, S (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM sylvere.krima@nist.gov; abf@nist.gov; sfoufou@qu.edu.qa
OI Foufou, Sebti/0000-0002-3555-9125
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 1868-4238
BN 978-3-642-35758-9
J9 IFIP ADV INF COMM TE
PY 2012
VL 388
BP 569
EP 577
PG 9
WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Information
Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer
Science, Software Engineering; Robotics
SC Computer Science; Robotics
GA BD7LE
UT WOS:000363260500051
ER
PT B
AU Rose, KA
Fabrizio, MC
Phelan, BA
AF Rose, Kenneth A.
Fabrizio, Mary C.
Phelan, Beth A.
BE Jennings, CA
Lauer, TE
Vondracek, B
TI Determining Authorship: Why Is Something that Seems so Simple Often so
Difficult?
SO SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATION FOR NATURAL RESOURCE PROFESSIONALS
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID CITATION ANALYSIS; INDEX; RESPONSIBILITY; FACULTY; SCIENCE; CREDIT
C1 [Rose, Kenneth A.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70816 USA.
[Fabrizio, Mary C.] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Dept Fisheries Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
[Phelan, Beth A.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Highlands, NJ 07732 USA.
RP Rose, KA (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, Energy Coast & Environm Bldg, Baton Rouge, LA 70816 USA.
EM karose@lsu.edu
NR 35
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 8
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
BN 978-1-934874-28-8
PY 2012
BP 7
EP 18
PG 12
WC Education, Scientific Disciplines
SC Education & Educational Research
GA BA5DU
UT WOS:000336557800002
ER
PT S
AU Madrzykowski, D
Fleischmann, C
AF Madrzykowski, Daniel
Fleischmann, Charles
BE Hall, JR
TI Fire Pattern Repeatability: A Study in Uncertainty
SO UNCERTAINTY IN FIRE STANDARDS AND WHAT TO DO ABOUT IT, 2011
SE American Society for Testing and Materials Selected Technical Papers
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Uncertainty in Fire standards and What to Do About it
CY JUN 16, 2011
CL Anaheim, CA
SP ASTM Comm E05 Fire Standards
DE burn patterns; fire experiments; fire investigation; fire patterns;
flame height; heat release rate
AB The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is conducting a multi-year study, with the support of the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) and the NIST Office of Law Enforcement Standards (OLES), to examine the repeatability of fire patterns. The primary objective of the study is assessing the repeatability of fire patterns on gypsum board exposed to a limited range of source fires. The focus of this paper is an overview of the uncertainties of the measurements. The study required the use of, a variety of measurements to determine the repeatability of the source fires in terms of heat release rate, temperature, heat flux, and flame height. Replicate source fire experiments were conducted in an oxygen consumption calorimeter in order to examine the repeatability of the fires in terms of the heat release rate. The flame movement and height for each fire were recorded with photographs and videos. The fire pattern experiments were conducted in a three walled structure with a full floor and partial ceiling constructed from wood framing and lined with painted gypsum board. The source fires were positioned against the rear wall, midway along its length. Replicate experiments were conducted with each fuel. The fire patterns were documented and analyzed for repeatability. The fire pattern height results are then compared to the mean flame height results to examine the level of agreement.
C1 [Madrzykowski, Daniel] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Fleischmann, Charles] Univ Canterbury, Dept Civil & Nat Resources Engn, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand.
RP Madrzykowski, D (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
FU National Institute of Justice (NIJ); NIST Office of Law Enforcement
Standards (OLES); U.S. Fire Administration; New Zealand Fire Commission
FX This work is partially funded by the National Institute of Justice (NIJ)
through an interagency agreement with the NIST Office of Law Enforcement
Standards (OLES). The writers would like to thank Susan Ballou of OLES
for her support of this project. This work was also partially supported
by the U.S. Fire Administration. The writers also extend their
appreciation to Roger Nokes for his development and continued assistance
with Streams and to the New Zealand Fire Commission for their financial
support to the University of Canterbury.
NR 32
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTM INTERNATIONAL
PI WEST CONSHOHOCKEN
PA 100 BARR HARBOR DRIVE, PO BOX C700, WEST CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA
SN 0066-0558
BN 978-0-8031-7527-3
J9 AM SOC TEST MATER
PY 2012
VL 1541
BP 88
EP 109
DI 10.1520/JTE104261
PG 22
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science,
Characterization & Testing
SC Materials Science
GA BG9UR
UT WOS:000393924100007
ER
PT J
AU Singh, N
Jenkins, GJS
Nelson, BC
Marquis, BJ
Maffeis, TGG
Brown, AP
Williams, PM
Wright, CJ
Doak, SH
AF Singh, Neenu
Jenkins, Gareth J. S.
Nelson, Bryant C.
Marquis, Bryce J.
Maffeis, Thierry G. G.
Brown, Andy P.
Williams, Paul M.
Wright, Chris J.
Doak, Shareen H.
TI The role of iron redox state in the genotoxicity of ultrafine
superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles
SO BIOMATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Genotoxicity; Iron oxide nanoparticles; Oxidation; Biocompatibility;
Metal ion release
ID IN-VITRO; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; DNA; LIVER; FIBROBLASTS; MECHANISMS;
PARTICLES; TOXICITY; AGENTS; DAMAGE
AB Ultrafine superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (USPION) hold great potential for revolutionising biomedical applications such as MRI, localised hyperthermia, and targeted drug delivery. Though evidence is increasing regarding the influence of nanoparticle physico-chemical features on toxicity, data however, is lacking that assesses a range of such characteristics in parallel. We show that iron redox state, a subtle though important physico-chemical feature of USPION, dramatically modifies the cellular uptake of these nanoparticles and influences their induction of DNA damage. Surface chemistry was also found to have an impact and evidence to support a potential mechanism of oxidative DNA damage behind the observed responses has been demonstrated. As human exposure to ferrofluids is predicted to increase through nanomedicine based therapeutics, these findings are important in guiding the fabrication of USPION to ensure they have characteristics that support biocompatibility. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Singh, Neenu; Jenkins, Gareth J. S.; Doak, Shareen H.] Swansea Univ, Coll Med, Inst Life Sci, Swansea SA2 8PP, W Glam, Wales.
[Nelson, Bryant C.; Marquis, Bryce J.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Maffeis, Thierry G. G.; Williams, Paul M.; Wright, Chris J.] Swansea Univ, Coll Engn, Multidisciplinary Nanotechnol Ctr, Swansea SA2 8PP, W Glam, Wales.
[Brown, Andy P.] Univ Leeds, Sch Proc Environm & Mat Engn, Inst Mat Res, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England.
RP Singh, N (reprint author), Swansea Univ, Coll Med, Inst Life Sci, Singleton Pk, Swansea SA2 8PP, W Glam, Wales.
EM n.singh@swansea.ac.uk
OI Brown, Andy/0000-0001-9692-2154; Marquis, Bryce/0000-0003-1290-2741;
jenkins, gareth/0000-0002-5437-8389; Doak, Shareen/0000-0002-6753-1987;
Wright, Chris/0000-0003-2375-8159
FU Medical Research Council; Research Councils UK; EPSRC [EP/E059678/1,
EP/H008578/1]
FX This work is supported by funds from the Medical Research Council and
the Research Councils UK (SHD Academic Fellowship). The authors wish to
acknowledge EPSRC (EP/E059678/1 and EP/H008578/1) for financial support.
TEM results were obtained using the Leeds EPSRC Nanoscierice and
Nanotechnology Research Equipment Facility (EP/F056311/1). The authors
also wish to thank Dr Alice Warley, Dr Anthony Brain and Mr Ken Brady
(Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging, King's College London) for expert
sample preparation. We are also grateful to Prof. Andrew Barron and Mr
Alvin Orbaek (Chemistry Department, Rice University) for XPS data
analysis and interpretation.
NR 48
TC 57
Z9 58
U1 2
U2 29
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0142-9612
J9 BIOMATERIALS
JI Biomaterials
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 33
IS 1
BP 163
EP 170
DI 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.09.087
PG 8
WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 853AX
UT WOS:000297399700017
PM 22027595
ER
PT J
AU Zaluzhna, O
Li, Y
Zangmeister, C
Allison, TC
Tong, YJ
AF Zaluzhna, Oksana
Li, Ying
Zangmeister, Chris
Allison, Thomas C.
Tong, YuYe J.
TI Mechanistic insights on one-phase vs. two-phase Brust-Schiffrin method
synthesis of Au nanoparticles with dioctyl-diselenides
SO CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID PROTECTED GOLD NANOPARTICLES; SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; AUTOOXIDIZED
MONOLAYERS; CLUSTER MOLECULES; RAMAN; SIZE; NMR; EVOLUTION; AU(111);
SPECTRA
AB Metal precursors in the one-phase (1p) and two-phase (2p) Brust-Schiffrin method (BSM) synthesis of Au nanoparticles (NPs) using dioctyl-diselenides were identified. A single dominant type of metal precursor was found in the 1p synthesis as compared to multiple ones in the 2p synthesis, which was proposed as the key reason why the former is better than the latter.
C1 [Zaluzhna, Oksana; Li, Ying; Tong, YuYe J.] Georgetown Univ, Dept Chem, Washington, DC 20057 USA.
[Zangmeister, Chris; Allison, Thomas C.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Tong, YJ (reprint author), Georgetown Univ, Dept Chem, 37th & O St NW, Washington, DC 20057 USA.
EM yyt@georgetown.edu
RI Li, Ying/B-9837-2013; Tong, YuYe/A-2334-2008
OI Li, Ying/0000-0003-3466-4115; Tong, YuYe/0000-0003-2799-022X
FU NSF [CHE-0456848, CHE-0923910]
FX This work was supported by grants from the NSF (CHE-0456848 and
CHE-0923910). The authors thank the UMD NISP Lab for use of its TEM
facility.
NR 34
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 28
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1359-7345
J9 CHEM COMMUN
JI Chem. Commun.
PY 2012
VL 48
IS 3
BP 362
EP 364
DI 10.1039/c1cc15955k
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 857GB
UT WOS:000297704500007
PM 22083025
ER
PT J
AU DeLorenzo, ME
Thompson, B
Cooper, E
Moore, J
Fulton, MH
AF DeLorenzo, Marie E.
Thompson, Brian
Cooper, Emily
Moore, Janet
Fulton, Michael H.
TI A long-term monitoring study of chlorophyll, microbial contaminants, and
pesticides in a coastal residential stormwater pond and its adjacent
tidal creek
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Stormwater pond; Coastal water quality; Bacteria; Chlorophyll;
Pesticides
ID ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE ANALYSIS; SHRIMP PALAEMONETES-PUGIO;
VIBRIO-PARAHAEMOLYTICUS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; GRASS SHRIMP; THERMOLABILE
HEMOLYSIN; NONPOINT SOURCES; RISK-ASSESSMENT; WATER; TOXICITY
AB Stormwater ponds are commonly used in residential and commercial areas to control flooding. The accumulation of urban contaminants in stormwater ponds can lead to water-quality problems including nutrient enrichment, chemical contamination, and bacterial contamination. This study presents 5 years of monitoring data assessing water quality of a residential subdivision pond and adjacent tidal creek in coastal South Carolina, USA. The stormwater pond is eutrophic, as described by elevated concentrations of chlorophyll and phosphorus, and experiences periodic cyanobacterial blooms. A maximum monthly average chlorophyll concentration of 318.75 mu g/L was measured in the stormwater pond and 227.63 mu g/L in the tidal creek. Fecal coliform bacteria (FCB) levels were measured in both the pond and the tidal creek that exceeded health and safety standards for safe recreational use. A maximum monthly average FCB level of 1,247 CFU/100 mL was measured in the stormwater pond and 12,850 CFU/100 mL in the tidal creek. In addition, the presence of antibiotic resistant bacteria and pathogenic bacteria were detected. Low concentrations of herbicides (atrazine and 2,4-D), a fungicide (chlorothalonil), and insecticides (pyrethroids and imidacloprid) were measured. Seasonal trends were identified, with the winter months having the lowest concentrations of chlorophyll and FCB. Statistical differences between the stormwater pond and the tidal creek were also noted within seasons. The tidal creek had higher FCB levels than the stormwater pond in the spring and summer, whereas the stormwater pond had higher chlorophyll levels than the tidal creek in the summer and fall seasons. Chlorophyll and FCB levels in the stormwater pond were significantly correlated with monthly average temperature and total rainfall. Pesticide concentrations were also significantly correlated with temperature and rainfall. Pesticide concentrations in the stormwater pond were significantly correlated with pesticide concentrations in the adjacent tidal creek. Chlorophyll and FCB levels in the tidal creek, however, were not significantly correlated with levels in the pond. While stormwater ponds are beneficial in controlling flooding, they may pose environmental and human health risks due to biological and chemical contamination. Management to reduce residential runoff may improve water quality in coastal stormwater ponds and their adjacent estuarine ecosystems.
C1 [DeLorenzo, Marie E.; Thompson, Brian; Moore, Janet; Fulton, Michael H.] Natl Ocean Serv, US Dept Commerce, NOAA, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Cooper, Emily] JHT, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
RP DeLorenzo, ME (reprint author), Natl Ocean Serv, US Dept Commerce, NOAA, 219 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
EM marie.delorenzo@noaa.gov
NR 48
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 51
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-6369
J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS
JI Environ. Monit. Assess.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 184
IS 1
BP 343
EP 359
DI 10.1007/s10661-011-1972-3
PG 17
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 854UR
UT WOS:000297520600030
PM 21409361
ER
PT J
AU Anandan, KP
Tulsian, AS
Donmez, A
Ozdoganlar, OB
AF Anandan, K. Prashanth
Tulsian, Abhinandan S.
Donmez, Alkan
Ozdoganlar, O. Burak
TI A Technique for measuring radial error motions of ultra-high-speed
miniature spindles used for micromachining
SO PRECISION ENGINEERING-JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETIES FOR
PRECISION ENGINEERING AND NANOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Ultra-high-speed spindles; Air bearing spindles; Spindle metrology;
Micro-manufacturing; Runout; Micromachining; Error motion; Axis of
rotation; Uncertainty
ID LASER-DOPPLER VIBROMETRY; CAPACITIVE DISPLACEMENT MEASUREMENTS;
VIBRATION MEASUREMENTS; SEPARATION TECHNIQUES; CHARACTERIZING AXIS;
ROTATION; METROLOGY
AB Ultra-high-speed (UHS) miniature spindles are widely used for mechanical micromachining processes, such as micromilling and microdrilling, as well as for precision machining processes. The accuracy of features created in those processes depends on the trajectory of the tool tip as the spindle rotates. The tool-tip trajectory can be obtained by measuring the speed-dependent radial motions (which are sometimes referred to as the dynamic runout) at the tool tip. The main contributors to the tool-tip speed-dependent radial motions are the error motions of the spindle, the form accuracy of the cutting tool, the alignment of the tool with respect to the axis of rotation, and the vibrations resulting from the rotating eccentricity. This paper describes a methodology that uses two laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV) systems to measure the radial motions at two axial locations of a precision cylindrical artifact attached to the spindle, while the spindle is rotated at its operational speeds. Measured radial motions are then processed to obtain radial and tilt error motions of the UHS spindle in the rotating sensitive direction. An alignment procedure is developed to ensure the mutual perpendicularity of the two (X and Y) laser beams. The methodology is demonstrated on an UHS air-turbine driven spindle with aerostatic-bearings. Subsequently, an analysis is performed to determine the measurement uncertainty associated with the presented methodology. It is concluded that the presented methodology can be used to effectively measure radial and tilt error motions of UHS spindles. Furthermore, it is shown that the average radial motion, synchronous radial error motion value and the standard deviation of the asynchronous radial error motion vary significantly with the spindle speed due to dynamic effects. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Anandan, K. Prashanth; Tulsian, Abhinandan S.; Ozdoganlar, O. Burak] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
[Donmez, Alkan] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Ozdoganlar, OB (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
EM ozdoganlar@cmu.edu
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology; National Science
Foundation [CMMI-0728157]
FX The authors wish to thank undergraduate student Mr. Matthew B. Wasserman
for his help in the design and construction of the experimental test
facility. This work was supported in part by the National Institute of
Standards and Technology and by the National Science Foundation under
award number CMMI-0728157 (Ozdoganlar).
NR 28
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 23
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0141-6359
J9 PRECIS ENG
JI Precis. Eng.-J. Int. Soc. Precis. Eng. Nanotechnol.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 36
IS 1
BP 104
EP 120
DI 10.1016/j.precisioneng.2011.07.014
PG 17
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Manufacturing; Nanoscience
& Nanotechnology; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments &
Instrumentation
GA 854JK
UT WOS:000297490600013
ER
PT J
AU Middlebrook, AM
Bahreini, R
Jimenez, JL
Canagaratna, MR
AF Middlebrook, Ann M.
Bahreini, Roya
Jimenez, Jose L.
Canagaratna, Manjula R.
TI Evaluation of Composition-Dependent Collection Efficiencies for the
Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometer using Field Data
SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL; BEAM WIDTH PROBE; MEXICO-CITY;
CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; AMBIENT AEROSOL; LIGHT-SCATTERING;
HIGH-RESOLUTION; NEW-YORK; PART 1; PARTICLES
AB In recent years, Aerodyne aerosol mass spectrometers (AMS) have been used in many locations around the world to study the size-resolved, nonrefractory chemical composition of ambient particles. In order to obtain quantitative data, the mass or (number) of particles detected by the AMS relative to the mass (or number) of particles sampled by the AMS, i.e., the AMS collection efficiency (CE) must be known. Previous studies have proposed and used parameterizations of the AMS CE based on the aerosol composition and sampling line relative humidity. Here, we evaluate these parameterizations by comparing AMS mass concentrations with independent measurements of fine particle volume or particle-into-liquid sampler (PILS) ion chromatography measurements for 3 field campaigns with different dominant aerosol mixtures: (1) acidic sulfate particles, (2) aerosol containing a high mass fraction of ammonium nitrate, and (3) aerosol composed of primarily biomass burning emissions. The use of the default CE of 0.5 for all campaigns resulted in 81-90% of the AMS speciated and total mass concentrations comparing well with fine particle volume or PILS measurements within experimental uncertainties, with positive biases compared with a random error curve. By using composition-dependent CE values (sometimes as a function of size) which increased the CE for the above aerosol types, the fraction of data points within the measurement uncertainties increased to more than 92% and the mass concentrations decreased by similar to 5-15% on an average. The CE did not appear to be significantly dependent on changes in organic mass fraction although it was substantial in the 3 campaigns (47, 30, and 55%).
C1 [Middlebrook, Ann M.; Bahreini, Roya] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Bahreini, Roya; Jimenez, Jose L.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Jimenez, Jose L.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Canagaratna, Manjula R.] Aerodyne Res Inc, Billerica, MA 01821 USA.
RP Middlebrook, AM (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, 325 Broadway,R-CSD2, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM Ann.M.Middlebrook@noaa.gov
RI Jimenez, Jose/A-5294-2008; Middlebrook, Ann/E-4831-2011; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Jimenez, Jose/0000-0001-6203-1847; Middlebrook, Ann/0000-0002-2984-6304;
FU NASA [NNX08AD39G]; NOAA [NA08OAR4310565]
FX We thank Chuck Brock, Adam Wollny, Carlos Gallar, Julie Cozic, Shuka
Schwarz, Ryan Spackman, Ru-Shan Gao, Laurel Watts, David Fahey, Brendan
Matthew, Kristen Schulz, Derek Coffman, Trish Quinn, Tim Onasch, Frank
Drewnick, and the AMS user community for providing data and/or useful
discussions. JLJ was supported by NASA NNX08AD39G and NOAA
NA08OAR4310565.
NR 64
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Z9 200
U1 3
U2 62
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0278-6826
EI 1521-7388
J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH
JI Aerosol Sci. Technol.
PY 2012
VL 46
IS 3
BP 258
EP 271
DI 10.1080/02786826.2011.620041
PG 14
WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences;
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 848QP
UT WOS:000297068500002
ER
PT J
AU Xu, J
Vanderlick, TK
Lavan, DA
AF Xu, Jian
Vanderlick, T. Kyle
LaVan, David A.
TI Energy Conversion in Protocells with Natural Nanoconductors
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHOTOENERGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTROPHORUS-ELECTRICUS L; PLANAR LIPID BILAYERS; MICROBIAL FUEL-CELLS;
F0F1 ATP SYNTHASE; ALPHA-HEMOLYSIN; AIRWAY EPITHELIUM; SODIUM-CHANNELS;
BINDING-SITES; ION; EEL
AB While much nanotechnology leverages solid-state devices, here we present the analysis of designs for hybrid organic-inorganic biomimetic devices, "protocells," based on assemblies of natural ion channels and ion pumps, " nanoconductors," incorporated into synthetic supported lipid bilayer membranes. These protocells mimic the energy conversion scheme of natural cells and are able to directly output electricity. The electrogenic mechanisms have been analyzed and designs were optimized using numerical models. The parameters that affect the energy conversion are quantified, and limits for device performance have been found using numerical optimization. The electrogenic performance is compared to conventional and emerging technologies and plotted on Ragone charts to allow direct comparisons. The protocell technologies summarized here may be of use for energy conversion where large-scale ion concentration gradients are available (such as the intersection of fresh and salt water sources) or small-scale devices where low power density would be acceptable.
C1 [LaVan, David A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Xu, Jian; Vanderlick, T. Kyle] Yale Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, New Haven, CT 06511 USA.
RP Lavan, DA (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM david.lavan@nist.gov
RI LaVan, David/C-3943-2012; Xu, Jian/A-6424-2013
OI LaVan, David/0000-0002-1952-0028;
FU National Institutes of Health through the NIH Roadmap for Medical
Research, National Center for Design of Biomimetic Nanoconductors [PHS 2
PN2 EY016570B]
FX This paper was supported in part by the National Institutes of Health
through the NIH Roadmap for Medical Research, as part of the National
Center for Design of Biomimetic Nanoconductors, award number PHS 2 PN2
EY016570B. The full description of the materials and software used in
this paper requires the identification of certain products, materials,
and software suppliers. The inclusion of such information should in no
way be construed as indicating that such products, materials, or
software are endorsed by NIST or are recommended by NIST or that they
are necessarily the best products, materials, or software for the
purposes described.
NR 94
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PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION
PI NEW YORK
PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA
SN 1110-662X
J9 INT J PHOTOENERGY
JI Int. J. Photoenergy
PY 2012
AR 425735
DI 10.1155/2012/425735
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical; Energy & Fuels; Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular
& Chemical
SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Optics; Physics
GA 846CW
UT WOS:000296875800001
ER
PT J
AU Melnichenko, YB
He, LL
Sakurovs, R
Kholodenko, AL
Blach, T
Mastalerz, M
Radlinski, AP
Cheng, G
Mildner, DFR
AF Melnichenko, Yuri B.
He, Lilin
Sakurovs, Richard
Kholodenko, Arkady L.
Blach, Tomasz
Mastalerz, Maria
Radlinski, Andrzej P.
Cheng, Gang
Mildner, David F. R.
TI Accessibility of pores in coal to methane and carbon dioxide
SO FUEL
LA English
DT Article
DE Coal; Accessible pores; CO2; Methane; Small-angle neutron scattering
ID ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING; BITUMINOUS COAL; AMERICAN COALS; SURFACE-AREA;
POROSITY; SORPTION; ADSORPTION; BEHAVIOR; SILICA; USANS
AB Fluid-solid interactions in natural and engineered porous solids underlie a variety of technological processes, including geological storage of anthropogenic greenhouse gases, enhanced coal bed methane recovery, membrane separation, and heterogeneous catalysis. The size, distribution and interconnectivity of pores, the chemical and physical properties of the solid and fluid phases collectively dictate how fluid molecules migrate into and through the micro-and meso-porous media, adsorb and ultimately react with the solid surfaces. Due to the high penetration power and relatively short wavelength of neutrons, small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) as well as ultra small-angle scattering (USANS) techniques are ideally suited for assessing the phase behavior of confined fluids under pressure as well as for evaluating the total porosity in engineered and natural porous systems including coal. Here we demonstrate that SANS and USANS can be also used for determining the fraction of the pore volume that is actually accessible to fluids as a function of pore sizes and study the fraction of inaccessible pores as a function of pore size in three coals from the Illinois Basin (USA) and Bowen Basin (Australia). Experiments were performed at CO2 and methane pressures up to 780 bar, including pressures corresponding to zero average contrast condition (ZAC), which is the pressure where no scattering from the accessible pores occurs. Scattering curves at the ZAC were compared with the scattering from same coals under vacuum and analysed using a newly developed approach that shows that the volume fraction of accessible pores in these coals varies between similar to 90% in the macropore region to similar to 30% in the mesopore region and the variation is distinctive for each of the examined coals. The developed methodology may be also applied for assessing the volume of accessible pores in other natural underground formations of interest for CO2 sequestration, such as saline aquifers as well as for estimating closed porosity in engineered porous solids of technological importance. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Melnichenko, Yuri B.; He, Lilin] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Melnichenko, Yuri B.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Sakurovs, Richard] CSIRO Energy Technol, N Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia.
[Kholodenko, Arkady L.] Clemson Univ, HL Hunter Labs 375, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
[Blach, Tomasz; Radlinski, Andrzej P.] Griffith Univ, Nanoscale Sci & Technol Ctr, Brisbane, Qld 4111, Australia.
[Mastalerz, Maria; Radlinski, Andrzej P.] Indiana Univ, Indiana Geol Survey, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
[Cheng, Gang] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
[Cheng, Gang] Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA.
[Mildner, David F. R.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Melnichenko, YB (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM melnichenkoy@ornl.gov; Richard.Sakurovs@csiro.au
OI He, Lilin/0000-0002-9560-8101
FU Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program; Scientific User
Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of
Energy; ORNL; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education; National
Science Foundation [DMR-0454672]
FX This research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory's High Flux Isotope
Reactor was sponsored by the Laboratory Directed Research and
Development Program and the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office
of Basic Energy Sciences, US Department of Energy. This research was
supported in part by the ORNL Postdoctoral Research Associates Program,
administered jointly by the ORNL and the Oak Ridge Institute for Science
and Education. The elements of this work utilizing the BT-5 instrument
at the NCNR were supported in part by the National Science Foundation
under agreement No. DMR-0454672. Mention of specific commercial products
is for informational purposes only and does not constitute endorsement
by the National Institute of Standards and Technology.
NR 32
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U1 4
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PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0016-2361
EI 1873-7153
J9 FUEL
JI Fuel
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 91
IS 1
BP 200
EP 208
DI 10.1016/j.fuel.2011.06.026
PG 9
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 841SD
UT WOS:000296532400025
ER
PT J
AU Tokotch, BN
Meindl, CF
Hoare, A
Jepson, ME
AF Tokotch, Britni N.
Meindl, Christopher F.
Hoare, Armando
Jepson, Michael E.
TI Stakeholder perceptions of the northern Gulf of Mexico grouper and
tilefish individual fishing quota program
SO MARINE POLICY
LA English
DT Article
DE Individual fishing quotas; Gulf of Mexico; United States; Fisheries
management; Perceptions; Survey
ID NEW-ZEALAND; TRANSFERABLE QUOTAS; FISHERIES
AB The Gulf of Mexico Fishery Management Council determined that previous management of the grouper and tilefish fisheries in the northern Gulf of Mexico were not meeting management goals, and developed a catch shares program using individual fishing quotas (IFQs) beginning in January 2010 in order to more effectively manage these fisheries. An IFQ is a management method in which individual fishers and corporations are allocated the right to harvest a percentage of a fishery's total allowable catch, thus specifying how much of a particular species each fisher can harvest. This study makes use of a mail out survey to document the perceptions of fishers, seafood wholesalers, fisheries managers, and academics with an interest in the (northern) Gulf of Mexico grouper and tilefish IFQ program. While fishers, seafood dealers, fisheries managers, and academics all acknowledge that the IFQ program will create some problems, commercial fishers and dealers were far more skeptical of the alleged benefits of IFQs. Moreover, larger commercial operators were more inclined to agree with managers and academics that the IFQ program will produce several benefits for their operations and the fisheries. Some smaller operators believe that they will be driven to ignore the new rules or be forced out of business. In the future, the Gulf Council might do two things: put a bit more effort into making fishers aware of the potential benefits of IFQs, and develop alternatives with more flexibility perhaps working more closely with communities of fishers, who prize their independent way of life above all else. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Meindl, Christopher F.; Hoare, Armando] Univ S Florida, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Geog, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Tokotch, Britni N.; Jepson, Michael E.] NOAA Fisheries Serv, SE Reg Off, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
RP Meindl, CF (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Geog, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
EM cmeindl@mail.usf.edu
NR 17
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U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0308-597X
J9 MAR POLICY
JI Mar. Pol.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 36
IS 1
BP 34
EP 41
DI 10.1016/j.marpol.2011.03.006
PG 8
WC Environmental Studies; International Relations
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; International Relations
GA 834ZP
UT WOS:000296003300005
ER
PT J
AU Piovano, S
Basciano, G
Swimmer, Y
Giacoma, C
AF Piovano, Susanna
Basciano, Giovanni
Swimmer, Yonat
Giacoma, Cristina
TI Evaluation of a bycatch reduction technology by fishermen: A case study
from Sicily
SO MARINE POLICY
LA English
DT Article
DE Bycatch reduction technology; Circle hook; Fisheries management; Human
dimension; Loggerhead sea turtle; Mediterranean Sea
ID PELAGIC LONGLINE FISHERY; CIRCLE HOOKS; SEA-TURTLES; RELEASE FISHERIES;
HUMAN DIMENSIONS; CATCH; TARGET; MORTALITY; STYLE
AB Bycatch reduction technologies (BRTs) have been developed to limit the incidental capture of nontarget marine species in fishing gear, especially those species of special concern. However, in the absence of enforcement, the proven effectiveness of a BRT alone does not guarantee its adoption by fishermen. Human factors also play a fundamental role. This case study was directed at evaluating the willingness of Sicilian longline fishermen to use relatively large circle hooks (size 16/0) as a BRT for the loggerhead sea turtle Caretta caretta. Fishermen were involved in testing circle hooks with their fishing vessels and their own commercial fishing gear, and their opinions before and after trials at sea were recorded. The present study showed the importance of creating a positive human context for testing a BRT. Findings provided additional confirmation about the usefulness of relatively large circle hooks to reduce the bycatch of loggerhead sea turtles on drifting longlines. Interviews before and after trials at sea indicated that socio-economic and emotional factors are essential for successful uptake of BRTs. Crews of large fishing vessels stated that they would be willing to use circle hooks in months with a high probability of turtle captures (June-September) if an economic incentive was provided and there was also public acknowledgement of their efforts. The fishermen's cooperatives association involved in the project is currently evaluating the creation of a product label identifying the harbors where fishing was performed using circle hooks. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Piovano, Susanna; Giacoma, Cristina] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Biol Anim & Uomo, I-10123 Turin, Italy.
[Basciano, Giovanni] AGCI AGRITAL, I-00153 Rome, Italy.
[Swimmer, Yonat] US NOAA Fisheries, Pacific Islands Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Piovano, S (reprint author), Univ Turin, Dipartimento Biol Anim & Uomo, Via Accademia Albertina 13, I-10123 Turin, Italy.
EM susanna.piovano@gmail.com
NR 36
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U1 6
U2 16
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0308-597X
J9 MAR POLICY
JI Mar. Pol.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 36
IS 1
BP 272
EP 277
DI 10.1016/j.marpol.2011.06.004
PG 6
WC Environmental Studies; International Relations
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; International Relations
GA 834ZP
UT WOS:000296003300033
ER
PT J
AU Tallis, H
Lester, SE
Ruckelshaus, M
Plummer, M
McLeod, K
Guerry, A
Andelman, S
Caldwell, MR
Conte, M
Copps, S
Fox, D
Fujita, R
Gaines, SD
Gelfenbaum, G
Gold, B
Kareiva, P
Kim, CK
Lee, K
Papenfus, M
Redman, S
Silliman, B
Wainger, L
White, C
AF Tallis, Heather
Lester, Sarah E.
Ruckelshaus, Mary
Plummer, Mark
McLeod, Karen
Guerry, Anne
Andelman, Sandy
Caldwell, Margaret R.
Conte, Marc
Copps, Stephen
Fox, David
Fujita, Rod
Gaines, Steven D.
Gelfenbaum, Guy
Gold, Barry
Kareiva, Peter
Kim, Choong-ki
Lee, Kai
Papenfus, Michael
Redman, Scott
Silliman, Brian
Wainger, Lisa
White, Crow
TI New metrics for managing and sustaining the ocean's bounty
SO MARINE POLICY
LA English
DT Article
DE Integrated ecosystem assessment; Marine spatial planning; Ecosystem
services; Monitoring
AB Policies are arising around the world, most recently in the United States, that mandate the implementation of marine spatial planning as a practical pathway towards ecosystem-based management. In the new United States ocean policy, and several other cases around the globe, ecosystem services are at the core of marine spatial planning, but there is little guidance on how ecosystem services should be measured, making it hard to implement this new approach. A new framework is shown here for practical, rigorous ecosystem service measurement that highlights contributions from both natural and social systems. The novel three-step framework addresses traditional shortcomings of an ecosystem services approach by giving managers and scientists the tools to assess and track: (1) the condition of the ecosystem (supply metrics), (2) the amount of ocean resources actually used or enjoyed by people (service metrics), and (3) people's preference for that level of service (value metrics). This framework will allow real world progress on marine spatial planning to happen quickly, and with a greater chance for success. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Tallis, Heather; Guerry, Anne; Conte, Marc; Kim, Choong-ki; Papenfus, Michael] Stanford Univ, Woods Inst Environm, Nat Capital Project, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Lester, Sarah E.; White, Crow] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93016 USA.
[Ruckelshaus, Mary; Plummer, Mark] NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[McLeod, Karen] Oregon State Univ, COMPASS, Dept Zool, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Andelman, Sandy] Conservat Int, Arlington, VA 22202 USA.
[Caldwell, Margaret R.] Stanford Univ, Woods Inst Environm, Ctr Ocean Solut, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Copps, Stephen] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Fox, David] Oregon Dept Fish & Wildlife, Marine Resources Program, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Fujita, Rod] Environm Def Fund, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA.
[Gaines, Steven D.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Gelfenbaum, Guy] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Gold, Barry] Gordon & Betty Moore Fdn, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA.
[Kareiva, Peter] Nature Conservancy, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
[Lee, Kai] David & Lucile Packard Fdn, Los Altos, CA 94022 USA.
[Redman, Scott] Puget Sound Partnership, Olympia, WA 98504 USA.
[Silliman, Brian] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32612 USA.
[Wainger, Lisa] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Solomons, MD 20688 USA.
RP Tallis, H (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Woods Inst Environm, Nat Capital Project, 371 Serra Mall, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM htallis@stanford.edu
RI Wainger, Lisa/H-7640-2012
OI Wainger, Lisa/0000-0002-3983-8850
NR 10
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U1 2
U2 33
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0308-597X
J9 MAR POLICY
JI Mar. Pol.
PD JAN
PY 2012
VL 36
IS 1
BP 303
EP 306
DI 10.1016/j.marpol.2011.03.013
PG 4
WC Environmental Studies; International Relations
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; International Relations
GA 834ZP
UT WOS:000296003300037
ER
PT J
AU Dogan, G
Nochetto, RH
AF Dogan, Guenay
Nochetto, Ricardo H.
TI FIRST VARIATION OF THE GENERAL CURVATURE-DEPENDENT SURFACE ENERGY
SO ESAIM-MATHEMATICAL MODELLING AND NUMERICAL ANALYSIS-MODELISATION
MATHEMATIQUE ET ANALYSE NUMERIQUE
LA English
DT Article
DE Surface energy; gradient flow; mean curvature; Willmore functional
ID SHAPE OPTIMIZATION APPROACH; PHASE-FIELD MODELS; WILLMORE FLOW;
ANISOTROPIC SURFACES; IMAGE SEGMENTATION; ELASTIC PROPERTIES; GRADIENT
FLOWS; INTERFACES; EVOLUTION; VESICLES
AB We consider general surface energies, which are weighted integrals over a closed surface with a weight function depending on the position, the unit normal and the mean curvature of the surface. Energies of this form have applications in many areas, such as materials science, biology and image processing. Often one is interested in finding a surface that minimizes such an energy, which entails finding its first variation with respect to perturbations of the surface. We present a concise derivation of the first variation of the general surface energy using tools from shape differential calculus. We first derive a scalar strong form and next a vector weak form of the first variation. The latter reveals the variational structure of the first variation, avoids dealing explicitly with the tangential gradient of the unit normal, and thus can be easily discretized using parametric finite elements. Our results are valid for surfaces in any number of dimensions and unify all previous results derived for specific examples of such surface energies.
C1 [Dogan, Guenay] Theiss Res, San Diego, CA USA.
[Dogan, Guenay] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Appl & Computat Math Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Nochetto, Ricardo H.] Univ Maryland, Dept Math, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Nochetto, Ricardo H.] Univ Maryland, Inst Phys Sci & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Dogan, G (reprint author), Theiss Res, San Diego, CA USA.
EM gunay.dogan@nist.gov; rhn@math.umd.edu
FU NSF [DMS-0204670, DMS-0505454, DMS-0807811]
FX Partially supported by NSF Grants DMS-0204670 and DMS-0505454.;
Partially supported by NSF Grants DMS- 0204670, DMS- 0505454, and DMS-
0807811.
NR 49
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U1 0
U2 6
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 0764-583X
EI 1290-3841
J9 ESAIM-MATH MODEL NUM
JI ESAIM-Math. Model. Numer. Anal.-Model. Math. Anal. Numer.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2012
VL 46
IS 1
BP 59
EP 79
DI 10.1051/m2an/2011019
PG 21
WC Mathematics, Applied
SC Mathematics
GA 796YH
UT WOS:000293088900003
ER
PT J
AU Fisher, G
Kunches, J
AF Fisher, Genene
Kunches, Joseph
TI Building resilience of the Global Positioning System to space weather
SO SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Fisher, Genene] NOAA Natl Weather Serv Headquarters, Washington, DC 20230 USA.
[Kunches, Joseph] NOAA Space Weather Predict Ctr, Washington, DC USA.
RP Fisher, G (reprint author), NOAA Natl Weather Serv Headquarters, Washington, DC 20230 USA.
EM genene.fisher@noaa.gov
NR 0
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1542-7390
J9 SPACE WEATHER
JI Space Weather
PD DEC 31
PY 2011
VL 9
AR S12004
DI 10.1029/2011SW000718
PG 3
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
GA 871TH
UT WOS:000298760100001
ER
PT J
AU Shim, JS
Kuznetsova, M
Rastatter, L
Hesse, M
Bilitza, D
Butala, M
Codrescu, M
Emery, B
Foster, B
Fuller-Rowell, T
Huba, J
Mannucci, AJ
Pi, X
Ridley, A
Scherliess, L
Schunk, RW
Stephens, P
Thompson, DC
Zhu, L
Anderson, D
Chau, JL
Sojka, JJ
Rideout, B
AF Shim, J. S.
Kuznetsova, M.
Rastaetter, L.
Hesse, M.
Bilitza, D.
Butala, M.
Codrescu, M.
Emery, B.
Foster, B.
Fuller-Rowell, T.
Huba, J.
Mannucci, A. J.
Pi, X.
Ridley, A.
Scherliess, L.
Schunk, R. W.
Stephens, P.
Thompson, D. C.
Zhu, L.
Anderson, D.
Chau, J. L.
Sojka, J. J.
Rideout, B.
TI CEDAR Electrodynamics Thermosphere Ionosphere (ETI) Challenge for
systematic assessment of ionosphere/thermosphere models: NmF2, hmF2, and
vertical drift using ground-based observations
SO SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; HIGH-LATITUDE IONOSPHERE; COUPLED
ELECTRODYNAMICS; LOWER ATMOSPHERE; PHYSICAL MODELS; ART.; SATELLITE;
MIDDLE; RADAR; VELOCITIES
AB Objective quantification of model performance based on metrics helps us evaluate the current state of space physics modeling capability, address differences among various modeling approaches, and track model improvements over time. The Coupling, Energetics, and Dynamics of Atmospheric Regions (CEDAR) Electrodynamics Thermosphere Ionosphere (ETI) Challenge was initiated in 2009 to assess accuracy of various ionosphere/thermosphere models in reproducing ionosphere and thermosphere parameters. A total of nine events and five physical parameters were selected to compare between model outputs and observations. The nine events included two strong and one moderate geomagnetic storm events from GEM Challenge events and three moderate storms and three quiet periods from the first half of the International Polar Year (IPY) campaign, which lasted for 2 years, from March 2007 to March 2009. The five physical parameters selected were NmF2 and hmF2 from ISRs and LEO satellites such as CHAMP and COSMIC, vertical drifts at Jicamarca, and electron and neutral densities along the track of the CHAMP satellite. For this study, four different metrics and up to 10 models were used. In this paper, we focus on preliminary results of the study using ground-based measurements, which include NmF2 and hmF2 from Incoherent Scatter Radars (ISRs), and vertical drifts at Jicamarca. The results show that the model performance strongly depends on the type of metrics used, and thus no model is ranked top for all used metrics. The analysis further indicates that performance of the model also varies with latitude and geomagnetic activity level.
C1 [Shim, J. S.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Goddard Planetary Heliophys Inst, NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Butala, M.; Mannucci, A. J.; Pi, X.; Stephens, P.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Codrescu, M.; Fuller-Rowell, T.] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Chau, J. L.] Inst Geofis Peru, Radio Observat Jicamarca, Lima, Peru.
[Emery, B.; Foster, B.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, High Altitude Observ, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
[Huba, J.] USN, Div Plasma Phys, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Rideout, B.] MIT, Haystack Observ, Westford, MA 01886 USA.
[Ridley, A.] Univ Michigan, Space Phys Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Scherliess, L.; Schunk, R. W.; Zhu, L.; Sojka, J. J.] Utah State Univ, Ctr Atmospher & Space Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Thompson, D. C.] USAF, Res Lab, Albuquerque, NM 87117 USA.
[Anderson, D.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Shim, JS (reprint author), Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Goddard Planetary Heliophys Inst, NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Bldg 21,251,Mail Code 674, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM jasoon.shim@nasa.gov
RI Hesse, Michael/D-2031-2012; Rastaetter, Lutz/D-4715-2012; Kuznetsova,
Maria/F-6840-2012; Chau, Jorge/C-7568-2013; Ridley, Aaron/F-3943-2011;
Scherliess, Ludger/A-7499-2016
OI Rastaetter, Lutz/0000-0002-7343-4147; Chau, Jorge/0000-0002-2364-8892;
Ridley, Aaron/0000-0001-6933-8534; Scherliess,
Ludger/0000-0002-7388-5255
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) through Cornell University [0905448];
NSF
FX The Jicamarca Radio Observatory is a facility of the Instituto Geofisico
del Peru operated with support from National Science Foundation (NSF)
award AGS-0905448 through Cornell University. The Millstone Hill
incoherent scatter radar is supported by the NSF. This study made use of
the CEDAR Data Base at the National Center for Atmospheric Research,
which is supported by the NSF.
NR 48
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1542-7390
J9 SPACE WEATHER
JI Space Weather
PD DEC 31
PY 2011
VL 9
AR S12003
DI 10.1029/2011SW000727
PG 17
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
GA 871TH
UT WOS:000298760100002
ER
PT J
AU Hopkins, AR
Tomczak, SJ
Vij, V
Jackson, AJ
AF Hopkins, Alan R.
Tomczak, Sandra J.
Vij, Vandana
Jackson, Andrew J.
TI Small Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) characterization of electrically
conducting polyaniline nanofiber/polyimide nanocomposites
SO THIN SOLID FILMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Polyaniline; Polyimide; Small Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS)
ID COUNTERION INDUCED PROCESSIBILITY; POLYMER BLENDS; NANOFIBERS;
MORPHOLOGY; COMPOSITE
AB Nanocomposites of polyaniline nanofibers and polyimide were fabricated and studied using small angle neutron scattering (SANS). The immiscible nature of the conformationally dissimilar polyaniline nanofiber and polyimide host is established by a series of experiments involving neutron scattering. Based on these techniques, we conclude that the crystal structure of the polyimides is not disrupted, and that there is no mixing between the two components on a molecular level. The morphology of the conducting salt component was analyzed by SANS data and was treated by two commonmodels: Debye-Bueche (D-B) and inverse power law (IPL). Due to deviations in the linear curve fitting over a large scattering range, neither the D-B nor the IPL model could be used to characterize the size and shape of all PANI-0.5-CSA (polyaniline camphor sulfonic acid doped polymer)/polyimide blend systems. At 1 and 2% concentration, the D-B model suggested salt domains between 20 and 70 angstrom with fractal geometries implied by the IPL model. As salt concentrations increased to 5%, the structures were observed to change, but there is no simple structural model that provides a suitable basis for comparison. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Hopkins, Alan R.] Aerosp Corp, Space Mat Lab, Micro Nano Technol Dept, Polymers Sect, Los Angeles, CA 90009 USA.
[Tomczak, Sandra J.] AFRL RZSM Mat Applicat Branch, Space & Missile Prop Div, Edwards AFB, CA 93524 USA.
[Vij, Vandana] ERC Inc, AFRL PRSM, Edwards AFB, CA USA.
[Jackson, Andrew J.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Hopkins, AR (reprint author), Aerosp Corp, Space Mat Lab, Micro Nano Technol Dept, Polymers Sect, M2-242, Los Angeles, CA 90009 USA.
EM alan.r.hopkins@aero.org
RI Jackson, Andrew/B-9793-2008
OI Jackson, Andrew/0000-0002-6296-0336
FU The Aerospace Corporation
FX The authors would like to acknowledge financial support from The
Aerospace Corporation's Independent Research and Development Program
(IR&D).
NR 25
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 10
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0040-6090
J9 THIN SOLID FILMS
JI Thin Solid Films
PD DEC 30
PY 2011
VL 520
IS 5
BP 1617
EP 1620
DI 10.1016/j.tsf.2011.07.039
PG 4
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Coatings &
Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Materials Science; Physics
GA 878DL
UT WOS:000299233000047
ER
PT J
AU Patten, KO
Khamaganov, VG
Orkin, VL
Baughcum, SL
Wuebbles, DJ
AF Patten, Kenneth O.
Khamaganov, Victor G.
Orkin, Vladimir L.
Baughcum, Steven L.
Wuebbles, Donald J.
TI OH reaction rate constant, IR absorption spectrum, ozone depletion
potentials and global warming potentials of
2-bromo-3,3,3-trifluoropropene
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-ACCURACY MEASUREMENTS; GAS-PHASE REACTIONS; N-PROPYL BROMIDE;
ATMOSPHERIC LIFETIMES; RADIATIVE FORCINGS; HYDROXYL RADICALS; CLIMATE;
MODEL
AB The rate constant for the gas phase reaction of OH radicals with BTP (2-bromo-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, CH2 = CBrCF3) was measured using a flash photolysis resonance-fluorescence technique over the temperature range 220 K to 370 K. The Arrhenius plot was found to exhibit noticeable curvature. The temperature dependence of the rate constant can be represented as k(BTP)(220 - 370 K) = 4.85 x 10(-13) x (T/298)(0.92) x exp{+613/T} cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1). For atmospheric modeling purposes, k(BTP)(T) can be equally well represented by the standard Arrhenius expression k(BTP)(220 - 298 K) = 1.05 x 10(-12) x exp{+381/T} cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1). The IR absorption cross-sections of BTP were also measured between 450 cm(-1) and 1900 cm(-1). BTP atmospheric lifetime, Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP), and Global Warming Potential (GWP) were evaluated in the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model for land emissions from 30 to 60 degrees N and from 60 degrees S to 60 degrees N. The global, annual average atmospheric lifetime of BTP in the former scenario was 7.0 days, its ODP was 0.0028, and its GWP (100-yr time horizon) was 0.0050; in the latter scenario, the global, annual average BTP lifetime was 4.3 days, ODP was 0.0052, and 100-yr GWP was 0.0028. The short lifetime, low ODP, and low GWP indicate that BTP should have minimal effects on ozone and climate. Little BTP reaches the stratosphere in either emission scenario, but 27% of the ozone loss in the 30 to 60 degrees N scenario and 46% of the ozone loss in the 60 degrees S to 60 N scenario occurs above the tropopause due to Br-y from BTP.
C1 [Patten, Kenneth O.; Wuebbles, Donald J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Atmospher Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Baughcum, Steven L.] Boeing Co, Seattle, WA 98124 USA.
[Khamaganov, Victor G.; Orkin, Vladimir L.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Patten, KO (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Atmospher Sci, 105 S Gregory St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
EM kpatten@atmos.uiuc.edu
FU Boeing Company; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; NATO CLG
[ESP.EAP.CLG.983035]
FX This study was supported by the Boeing Company and by the Upper
Atmosphere Research Program of the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration. V.L.O. also acknowledges the support of NATO CLG
Program, grant ESP.EAP.CLG.983035. We thank D. Kinnison and F. Vitt of
the National Center for Atmospheric Research for WACCM 3.5.48. We also
thank Michael Danilin for comments and suggestions on an earlier draft,
and we thank three anonymous reviewers for their comments. Certain
commercial equipment, instruments, or materials are identified in this
article in order to adequately specify the experimental procedure. Such
identification does not imply recognition or endorsement by the National
Institute of Standards and Technology or by the University of Illinois,
nor does it imply that the material or equipment identified are
necessarily the best available for the purpose.
NR 32
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 18
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD DEC 30
PY 2011
VL 116
AR D24307
DI 10.1029/2011JD016518
PG 13
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 871ON
UT WOS:000298747600003
ER
PT J
AU Turnbull, JC
Tans, PP
Lehman, SJ
Baker, D
Conway, TJ
Chung, YS
Gregg, J
Miller, JB
Southon, JR
Zhou, LX
AF Turnbull, Jocelyn C.
Tans, Pieter P.
Lehman, Scott J.
Baker, David
Conway, Thomas J.
Chung, Y. S.
Gregg, Jay
Miller, John B.
Southon, John R.
Zhou, Ling-Xi
TI Atmospheric observations of carbon monoxide and fossil fuel CO2
emissions from East Asia
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID DIOXIDE; CHINA; EXCHANGE; OZONE; PERSPECTIVE; (CO2)-C-14; INVENTORY;
SATELLITE; AIRCRAFT; OUTFLOW
AB Flask samples from two sites in East Asia, Tae-Ahn Peninsula, Korea (TAP), and Shangdianzi, China (SDZ), were measured for trace gases including CO2, CO and fossil fuel CO2(CO(2)ff, derived from Delta(CO2)-C-14 observations). The five-year TAP record shows high CO(2)ff when local air comes from the Korean Peninsula. Most samples, however, reflect air masses from Northeastern China with lower CO(2)ff. Our small set of SDZ samples from winter 2009/2010 have strongly elevated CO(2)ff. Biospheric CO2 contributes substantially to total CO2 variability at both sites, even in winter when non-fossil CO2 sources (including photosynthesis, respiration, biomass burning and biofuel use) contribute 20-30% of the total CO2 enhancement. Carbon monoxide (CO) correlates strongly with CO(2)ff. The SDZ and TAP far-field (China influenced) samples have CO: CO(2)ff ratios (R-CO:CO2ff) of 47 +/- 2 and 44 +/- 3 ppb/ppm respectively, consistent with recent bottom-up inventory estimates and other observational studies. Locally influenced TAP samples fall into two distinct data sets, ascribed to air sourced from South Korea and North Korea. The South Korea samples have low R-CO:CO2ff of 13 +/- 3 ppb/ppm, slightly higher than bottom-up inventories, but consistent with emission ratios for other developed nations. We compare our CO(2)ff observations with modeled CO(2)ff using the FLEXPART Lagrangian particle dispersion model convolved with a bottom-up CO(2)ff emission inventories. The modeled annual mean CO(2)ff mole fractions are consistent with our observations when the model inventory includes the reported 63% increase in Chinese emissions from 2004 to 2010, whereas a model version which holds Chinese emissions flat is unable to replicate the observations.
C1 [Turnbull, Jocelyn C.; Tans, Pieter P.; Conway, Thomas J.; Miller, John B.] NOAA Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Baker, David] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Chung, Y. S.] Korea Ctr Atmospher Environm Res, Cheongwon 363891, Choongbook, South Korea.
[Gregg, Jay] Tech Univ Denmark, DTU Climate Ctr, Riso Natl Lab Sustainable Energy, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
[Lehman, Scott J.] Univ Colorado, INSTAAR, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Southon, John R.] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
[Zhou, Ling-Xi] Chinese Acad Meteorol Sci, CMA, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
[Turnbull, Jocelyn C.; Miller, John B.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Turnbull, JC (reprint author), GNS Sci, Natl Isotope Ctr, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand.
EM j.turnbull@gns.cri.nz
RI Gregg, Jay/C-6732-2011;
OI Gregg, Jay/0000-0003-3946-3099; Turnbull, Jocelyn/0000-0002-0306-9658
NR 49
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 3
U2 36
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD DEC 30
PY 2011
VL 116
AR D24306
DI 10.1029/2011JD016691
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 871ON
UT WOS:000298747600005
ER
PT J
AU Chevallier, F
Deutscher, NM
Conway, TJ
Ciais, P
Ciattaglia, L
Dohe, S
Frohlich, M
Gomez-Pelaez, AJ
Griffith, D
Hase, F
Haszpra, L
Krummel, P
Kyro, E
Labuschagne, C
Langenfelds, R
Machida, T
Maignan, F
Matsueda, H
Morino, I
Notholt, J
Ramonet, M
Sawa, Y
Schmidt, M
Sherlock, V
Steele, P
Strong, K
Sussmann, R
Wennberg, P
Wofsy, S
Worthy, D
Wunch, D
Zimnoch, M
AF Chevallier, F.
Deutscher, N. M.
Conway, T. J.
Ciais, P.
Ciattaglia, L.
Dohe, S.
Froehlich, M.
Gomez-Pelaez, A. J.
Griffith, D.
Hase, F.
Haszpra, L.
Krummel, P.
Kyro, E.
Labuschagne, C.
Langenfelds, R.
Machida, T.
Maignan, F.
Matsueda, H.
Morino, I.
Notholt, J.
Ramonet, M.
Sawa, Y.
Schmidt, M.
Sherlock, V.
Steele, P.
Strong, K.
Sussmann, R.
Wennberg, P.
Wofsy, S.
Worthy, D.
Wunch, D.
Zimnoch, M.
TI Global CO2 fluxes inferred from surface air-sample measurements and from
TCCON retrievals of the CO2 total column
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SINKS; NETWORK; MODEL
AB We present the first estimate of the global distribution of CO2 surface fluxes from 14 stations of the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON). The evaluation of this inversion is based on 1) comparison with the fluxes from a classical inversion of surface air-sample-measurements, and 2) comparison of CO2 mixing ratios calculated from the inverted fluxes with independent aircraft measurements made during the two years analyzed here, 2009 and 2010. The former test shows similar seasonal cycles in the northern hemisphere and consistent regional carbon budgets between inversions from the two datasets, even though the TCCON inversion appears to be less precise than the classical inversion. The latter test confirms that the TCCON inversion has improved the quality (i.e., reduced the uncertainty) of the surface fluxes compared to the assumed or prior fluxes. The consistency between the surface-air-sample-based and the TCCON-based inversions despite remaining flaws in transport models opens the possibility of increased accuracy and robustness of flux inversions based on the combination of both data sources and confirms the usefulness of space-borne monitoring of the CO2 column. Citation: Chevallier, F., et al. (2011), Global CO2 fluxes inferred from surface air-sample measurements and from TCCON retrievals of the CO2 total column, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L24810, doi:10.1029/2011GL049899.
C1 [Chevallier, F.; Ciais, P.; Maignan, F.; Ramonet, M.; Schmidt, M.] CEA CNRS UVSQ, Lab Sci Climat & Environm, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Deutscher, N. M.; Notholt, J.] Univ Bremen, Inst Environm Phys, D-28334 Bremen, Germany.
[Griffith, D.] Univ Wollongong, Sch Chem, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
[Conway, T. J.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Ciattaglia, L.] CNR IDAC, ICES, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
[Dohe, S.; Hase, F.] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, D-76344 Eggenstein Leopoldshafen, Germany.
[Froehlich, M.] Umweltbundesamt GmbH, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
[Gomez-Pelaez, A. J.] Meteorol State Agcy Spain, E-38071 Santa Cruz De Tenerife, Spain.
[Haszpra, L.] Hungarian Meteorol Serv, H-1181 Budapest, Hungary.
[Krummel, P.; Langenfelds, R.; Steele, P.] CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Res, CAWCR, Aspendale, Vic 3195, Australia.
[Kyro, E.] Finnish Meteorol Inst, Arctic Res Ctr, FI-99600 Helsinki, Finland.
[Labuschagne, C.] S African Weather Serv, ZA-7599 Stellenbosch, South Africa.
[Machida, T.; Morino, I.] Natl Inst Environm Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058506, Japan.
[Matsueda, H.; Sawa, Y.] Meteorol Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050052, Japan.
[Sherlock, V.] Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res, Wellington 6021, New Zealand.
[Strong, K.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada.
[Sussmann, R.] IMK IFU, Garmisch Partenkirchen, Germany.
[Wennberg, P.; Wunch, D.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Wofsy, S.] Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Worthy, D.] Environm Canada, Downsview, ON M3H 5T4, Canada.
[Zimnoch, M.] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Phys & Appl Comp Sci, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland.
RP Chevallier, F (reprint author), CEA CNRS UVSQ, Lab Sci Climat & Environm, Bat 701, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
EM frederic.chevallier@lsce.ipsl.fr
RI Zimnoch, Miroslaw/H-8347-2016; Notholt, Justus/P-4520-2016; Chevallier,
Frederic/E-9608-2016; Steele, Paul/B-3185-2009; Langenfelds,
Raymond/B-5381-2012; Strong, Kimberly/D-2563-2012; Sussmann,
Ralf/K-3999-2012; Krummel, Paul/A-4293-2013; Hase, Frank/A-7497-2013;
Maignan, Fabienne/F-5419-2013; Garmisch-Pa, Ifu/H-9902-2014; Morino,
Isamu/K-1033-2014; Deutscher, Nicholas/E-3683-2015; Gomez-Pelaez,
Angel/L-9268-2015
OI Notholt, Justus/0000-0002-3324-885X; Chevallier,
Frederic/0000-0002-4327-3813; Steele, Paul/0000-0002-8234-3730; Krummel,
Paul/0000-0002-4884-3678; Morino, Isamu/0000-0003-2720-1569; Deutscher,
Nicholas/0000-0002-2906-2577; Gomez-Pelaez, Angel/0000-0003-4881-2975
FU European Commission under the EU [218793, MACC, 212196, COCOS]
FX TCCON data were obtained from the TCCON Data Archive, operated by the
California Institute of Technology from the website at
http://tccon.ipac.caltech.edu/. This work was performed using HPC
resources of DSM-CCRT and of [CCRT/CINES/IDRIS] under the allocation
2011-t2011012201 made by GENCI (Grand Equipement National de Calcul
Intensif). It was co-funded by the European Commission under the EU
Seventh Research Framework Programme (grants agreements 218793, MACC,
and 212196, COCOS). Support for TCCON is provided by many national
research support organizations that are listed on the TCCON web site.
The authors are very grateful to the many people involved in the surface
and aircraft measurement and in the archiving of these data.
NR 20
TC 34
Z9 34
U1 3
U2 30
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD DEC 29
PY 2011
VL 38
AR L24810
DI 10.1029/2011GL049899
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 871TD
UT WOS:000298759700002
ER
PT J
AU Kuns, KA
Rey, AM
Gorshkov, AV
AF Kuns, Kevin A.
Rey, Ana Maria
Gorshkov, Alexey V.
TI d-wave superfluidity in optical lattices of ultracold polar molecules
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID T-J MODEL; MOTT INSULATOR; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; ATOMS; SUPERSOLIDS;
PHYSICS
AB Recent work on ultracold polar molecules, governed by a generalization of the t-J Hamiltonian, suggests that molecules may be better suited than atoms for studying d-wave superfluidity due to stronger interactions and larger tunability of the system. We compute the phase diagram for polar molecules in a checkerboard lattice consisting of weakly coupled square plaquettes. In the simplest experimentally realizable case where there is only tunneling and an XX-type spin-spin interaction, we identify the parameter regime where d-wave superfluidity occurs. We also find that the inclusion of a density-density interaction destroys the superfluid phase and that the inclusion of a spin-density or an Ising-type spin-spin interaction can enhance the superfluid phase. We also propose schemes for experimentally realizing the perturbative calculations exhibiting enhanced d-wave superfluidity.
C1 [Kuns, Kevin A.; Gorshkov, Alexey V.] CALTECH, Inst Quantum Informat, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Rey, Ana Maria] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Rey, Ana Maria] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Kuns, KA (reprint author), CALTECH, Inst Quantum Informat, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RI Gorshkov, Alexey/A-9848-2008
OI Gorshkov, Alexey/0000-0003-0509-3421
FU Rose Hills Foundation; Lee A. DuBridge Foundation; NSF (PFC)
[PHY-0803371, PIF-0904017]; ARO; DARPA OLE
FX We thank Maciej Lewenstein for suggesting the use of extra splittings
between rotor levels to access the perturbative regime described in Sec.
VB. We also thank John Preskill, Rajdeep Sensarma, Salvatore Manmana,
Kaden Hazzard, Mikhail Lukin, Eugene Demler, Netanel Lindner, Norbert
Schuch, Steven Flammia, Spyridon Michalakis, Gang Chen, Michael
Foss-Feig, and Xiao Yin for discussions. This work was supported by the
Rose Hills Foundation, the Lee A. DuBridge Foundation, the NSF (PFC and
Grants No. PHY-0803371 and PIF-0904017), and ARO with funding from the
DARPA OLE program.
NR 70
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD DEC 29
PY 2011
VL 84
IS 6
AR 063639
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.84.063639
PG 20
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 869NJ
UT WOS:000298604600011
ER
PT J
AU Brown, SS
Dube, WP
Peischl, J
Ryerson, TB
Atlas, E
Warneke, C
de Gouw, JA
Hekkert, ST
Brock, CA
Flocke, F
Trainer, M
Parrish, DD
Feshenfeld, FC
Ravishankara, AR
AF Brown, Steven S.
Dube, William P.
Peischl, Jeff
Ryerson, Thomas B.
Atlas, Elliot
Warneke, Carsten
de Gouw, Joost A.
Hekkert, Sacco te Lintel
Brock, Charles A.
Flocke, Frank
Trainer, Michael
Parrish, David D.
Feshenfeld, Frederick C.
Ravishankara, A. R.
TI Budgets for nocturnal VOC oxidation by nitrate radicals aloft during the
2006 Texas Air Quality Study
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID MARINE BOUNDARY-LAYER; GAS-PHASE REACTIONS; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS;
PEROXY-RADICALS; ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; VERTICAL PROFILES; OZONE
FORMATION; UNITED-STATES; NO3; N2O5
AB Industrial emissions in Houston, Texas, and along the U. S. Gulf Coast are a large source of highly reactive anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs), principally alkenes, that affect air quality in that region. Nighttime oxidation by either O-3 or NO3 removes these VOCs. This paper presents a regional analysis of nighttime P-3 flights during the 2006 Texas Air Quality Study (TexAQS) to quantify the loss rates and budgets for both NO3 and highly reactive VOC. Mixing ratios and production rates of NO3 were large, up to 400 parts per trillion by volume (pptv) and 1-2 parts per billion by volume (ppbv) per hour, respectively. Budgets for NO3 show that it was lost primarily to reaction with VOCs, with the sum of anthropogenic VOCs (30-54%) and isoprene (10-50%) being the largest contributors. Indirect loss of NO3 to N2O5 hydrolysis was of lesser importance (14-28%) but was the least certain due to uncertainty in the aerosol uptake coefficient for N2O5. Reaction of NO3 with peroxy radicals was a small but nonzero contribution to NO3 loss but was also uncertain because there were no direct measurements of peroxy radicals. Net VOC oxidation rates were rapid (up to 2 ppbv VOC h(-1) in industrial plumes) and were dominated by NO3, which was 3-5 times more important as an oxidant than O-3. Plumes of high NO3 reactivity (i.e., short steady state lifetimes, on the order of 1 min) identified the presence of concentrated emissions of highly reactive VOCs from the Houston Ship Channel (HSC), which, depending on the particular VOC, may be efficiently oxidized during overnight transport.
C1 [Brown, Steven S.; Dube, William P.; Peischl, Jeff; Ryerson, Thomas B.; Warneke, Carsten; de Gouw, Joost A.; Brock, Charles A.; Trainer, Michael; Parrish, David D.; Feshenfeld, Frederick C.; Ravishankara, A. R.] NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Atlas, Elliot] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Dube, William P.; Peischl, Jeff; Warneke, Carsten; de Gouw, Joost A.; Feshenfeld, Frederick C.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Flocke, Frank] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Hekkert, Sacco te Lintel] Sensor Sense, NL-6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands.
RP Brown, SS (reprint author), NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM steven.s.brown@noaa.gov
RI Parrish, David/E-8957-2010; Ravishankara, Akkihebbal/A-2914-2011;
Peischl, Jeff/E-7454-2010; Atlas, Elliot/J-8171-2015; de Gouw,
Joost/A-9675-2008; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015; Warneke,
Carsten/E-7174-2010; Brock, Charles/G-3406-2011; Trainer,
Michael/H-5168-2013; Ryerson, Tom/C-9611-2009; Brown,
Steven/I-1762-2013; Dube, William/I-1658-2013
OI Parrish, David/0000-0001-6312-2724; Peischl, Jeff/0000-0002-9320-7101;
de Gouw, Joost/0000-0002-0385-1826; Brock, Charles/0000-0002-4033-4668;
Dube, William/0000-0003-1286-4087
FU NOAA; Texas Commission on Environmental Quality; NOAA P-3 aircraft
FX This work was funded in part by NOAA's Air Quality and Atmospheric
Chemistry and Climate programs and in part by the Texas Commission on
Environmental Quality. The authors thank the scientists and crew of the
NOAA P-3 aircraft for their professionalism and support. E. A. thanks R.
Lueb, R. Washenfelder, S. Schauffler, and S. Donnelly for assistance
with sample collection and X. Zhu, L. Pope, and A. Manalich for
laboratory analyses of trace gases from the whole air samples.
NR 56
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 7
U2 57
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD DEC 28
PY 2011
VL 116
AR D24305
DI 10.1029/2011JD016544
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 871OH
UT WOS:000298747000002
ER
PT J
AU Le, G
Burke, WJ
Pfaff, RF
Freudenreich, H
Maus, S
Luhr, H
AF Le, Guan
Burke, William J.
Pfaff, Robert F.
Freudenreich, Henry
Maus, Stefan
Luehr, Hermann
TI C/NOFS measurements of magnetic perturbations in the low-latitude
ionosphere during magnetic storms
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TIME MAGNETOSPHERIC CURRENTS; RING CURRENT; INNER MAGNETOSPHERE;
GEOMAGNETIC STORMS; TAIL CURRENT; FIELD; DST; EARTH; DISTURBANCE
AB The Vector Electric Field Investigation suite on the C/NOFS satellite includes a fluxgate magnetometer to monitor the Earth's magnetic fields in the low-latitude ionosphere. Measurements yield full magnetic vectors every second over the range of +/- 45,000 nT with a one-bit resolution of 1.37 nT ( 16 bit A/D) in each component. The sensor's primary responsibility is to support calculations of both V x B and E x B with greater accuracy than can be obtained using standard magnetic field models. The data also contain information about large-scale current systems that, when analyzed in conjunction with electric field measurements, promise to significantly expand understanding of equatorial electrodynamics. We first compare in situ measurements with the POMME (Potsdam Magnetic Model of the Earth) model to establish in-flight sensor "calibrations" and to compute magnetic residuals. At low latitudes the residuals are predominately products of the storm time ring current. Since C/NOFS provides a complete coverage of all local times every 97 min, magnetic field data allow studies of the temporal evolution and local time variations of storm time ring current. The analysis demonstrates the feasibility of using instrumented spacecraft in low-inclination orbits to extract a timely proxy for the provisional Dst index and to specify the ring current's evolution.
C1 [Le, Guan; Pfaff, Robert F.; Freudenreich, Henry] NASA, Space Weather Lab, Heliophys Sci Div, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Burke, William J.] USAF, Space Vehicles Directorate, Res Lab, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731 USA.
[Burke, William J.] Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, Chestnut Hill, MA 02167 USA.
[Maus, Stefan] NOAA, Natl Geophys Data Ctr, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Luehr, Hermann] GFZ German Res Ctr Geosci, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany.
RP Le, G (reprint author), NASA, Space Weather Lab, Heliophys Sci Div, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM guan.le@nasa.gov
RI Le, Guan/C-9524-2012; Pfaff, Robert/F-5703-2012;
OI Le, Guan/0000-0002-9504-5214; Pfaff, Robert/0000-0002-4881-9715; Maus,
Stefan/0000-0002-9604-3878
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)
FX We thank Kenneth Bromund, Steve Martin, and Carmen Liebrecht for
assistance in processing the C/NOFS magnetometer data. We thank the
World Data Center for Geomagnetism and Space Magnetism at Kyoto
University for providing Dst indices. The OMNI data are obtained from
the OMNIWeb at National Space Science Data Center, NASA Goddard Space
Flight Center. GSFC authors received support from the Air Force Office
of Scientific Research (AFOSR) to carry out this research.
NR 27
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD DEC 28
PY 2011
VL 116
AR A12230
DI 10.1029/2011JA017026
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 871TT
UT WOS:000298761300006
ER
PT J
AU Baumann, E
Giorgetta, FR
Swann, WC
Zolot, AM
Coddington, I
Newbury, NR
AF Baumann, E.
Giorgetta, F. R.
Swann, W. C.
Zolot, A. M.
Coddington, I.
Newbury, N. R.
TI Spectroscopy of the methane nu(3) band with an accurate midinfrared
coherent dual-comb spectrometer
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID ABSOLUTE FREQUENCY-MEASUREMENT; MU-M; MULTISPECTRUM FITS; OPTICAL
FREQUENCY; NOBEL LECTURE; Q-BRANCH; LINE; TRANSITIONS; REGION; LASERS
AB We demonstrate a high-accuracy dual-comb spectrometer centered at 3.4 mu m. The amplitude and phase spectra of the P, Q, and partial R branches of the methane nu(3) band are measured at 25 to 100 MHz point spacing with resolution under 10 kHz and a signal-to-noise ratio of up to 3500. A fit of the absorbance and phase spectra yields the center frequency of 132 rovibrational lines. The systematic uncertainty is estimated to be 300 kHz, which is 10 (3) of the Doppler width and a 10-fold improvement over Fourier transform spectroscopy. These data quantify the accuracy and resolution achievable with direct comb spectroscopy in the midinfrared.
C1 [Baumann, E.; Giorgetta, F. R.; Swann, W. C.; Zolot, A. M.; Coddington, I.; Newbury, N. R.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Baumann, E (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RI Zolot, Alexander/C-7450-2013; Giorgetta, Fabrizio/O-1730-2014; Baumann,
Esther/P-1315-2015
OI Giorgetta, Fabrizio/0000-0003-2066-3912; Baumann,
Esther/0000-0002-6569-2090
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST); Swiss National
Science Foundation (SNF) [PBNEP2-127797]
FX This work was funded by the National Institute of Standards and
Technology (NIST). F.R.G. received support from the Swiss National
Science Foundation (SNF) under Grant No. PBNEP2-127797. The authors
acknowledge helpful discussions with F. Adler, L. Brown, and L.
Nugent-Glandorf.
NR 45
TC 74
Z9 74
U1 5
U2 45
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD DEC 28
PY 2011
VL 84
IS 6
AR 062513
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.84.062513
PG 9
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 868ZE
UT WOS:000298564400006
ER
PT J
AU Weides, MP
Kline, JS
Vissers, MR
Sandberg, MO
Wisbey, DS
Johnson, BR
Ohki, TA
Pappas, DP
AF Weides, Martin P.
Kline, Jeffrey S.
Vissers, Michael R.
Sandberg, Martin O.
Wisbey, David S.
Johnson, Blake R.
Ohki, Thomas A.
Pappas, David P.
TI Coherence in a transmon qubit with epitaxial tunnel junctions
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID PHASE QUBITS; CIRCUIT
AB We developed transmon qubits based on epitaxial tunnel junctions and interdigitated capacitors. This multileveled qubit, patterned by use of all-optical lithography, is a step towards scalable qubits with a high integration density. The relaxation time T(1) is 0.72-0.86 mu s and the ensemble dephasing time T(2)* is slightly larger than T(1). The dephasing time T(2) (1.36 mu s) is nearly energy-relaxation-limited. Qubit spectroscopy yields weaker level splitting than observed in qubits with amorphous barriers in equivalent-size junctions. The qubit's inferred microwave loss closely matches the weighted losses of the individual elements (junction, wiring dielectric, and interdigitated capacitor), determined by independent resonator measurements. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3672000]
C1 [Weides, Martin P.; Kline, Jeffrey S.; Vissers, Michael R.; Sandberg, Martin O.; Wisbey, David S.; Pappas, David P.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Johnson, Blake R.; Ohki, Thomas A.] Raytheon BBN Technol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Weides, MP (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM martin.weides@NIST.gov; david.pappas@NIST.gov
RI Weides, Martin/C-1470-2009
OI Weides, Martin/0000-0002-2718-6795
FU US government, Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI);
NIST Quantum Information initiative
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the assistance of F. Farhoodi and
valuable discussions with F. da Silva and R. Simmonds. This work was
funded by the US government, Office of the Director of National
Intelligence (ODNI), Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity
(IARPA), and NIST Quantum Information initiative. All statements of
fact, opinion, or conclusions contained herein are those of the authors
and should not be construed as representing the official views or
policies of ODNI or IARPA.
NR 20
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD DEC 26
PY 2011
VL 99
IS 26
AR 262502
DI 10.1063/1.3672000
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 869ZI
UT WOS:000298638500038
ER
PT J
AU Neely, RR
English, JM
Toon, OB
Solomon, S
Mills, M
Thayer, JP
AF Neely, Ryan R., III
English, Jason M.
Toon, Owen B.
Solomon, Susan
Mills, Michael
Thayer, Jeffery P.
TI Implications of extinction due to meteoritic smoke in the upper
stratosphere
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID OPTICAL RADAR; AEROSOL; DUST; KILOMETERS; ALGORITHM; CONSTANTS; ANALOGS;
LAYERS
AB Recent optical observations of aerosols in the upper stratosphere and mesosphere show significant amounts of extinction at altitudes above about 40 km where the stratospheric sulfate aerosol layer ends. Recent modeling of this region reveals that meteoritic smoke settling from the mesosphere and its interaction with the upper part of the sulfate aerosol layer is the origin of the observed extinction. Extinction in this region has major implications for the interpretation and analysis of several kinds of aerosol data (satellite and lidar). We compare observations from the SAGE II satellite and from NOAA's lidar located at Mauna Loa, Hawaii to extinction profiles derived from the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM) coupled with the Community Aerosol and Radiation Model for Atmospheres (CARMA). Our results show that a major source of extinction exists in the region above about 30 km that must be addressed by all remote sensing instruments that have traditionally used the stratosphere above about 30 km as an aerosol free region to estimate the molecular component of their total extinction. It is also shown that meteoritic smoke not only contributes to but also becomes the dominant source of aerosol extinction above 35 km and poleward of 30 degrees in latitude, as well as above 40 km in the tropics. After addressing the concerns described here, current and past observations of this region could be reanalyzed to further our understanding of meteoritic dust in the upper stratosphere. Citation: Neely, R. R., III, J. M. English, O. B. Toon, S. Solomon, M. Mills, and J. P. Thayer (2011), Implications of extinction due to meteoritic smoke in the upper stratosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L24808, doi: 10.1029/2011GL049865.
C1 [Neely, Ryan R., III; English, Jason M.; Toon, Owen B.; Solomon, Susan] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Mills, Michael] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Earth Syst Lab, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Thayer, Jeffery P.] Univ Colorado, Dept Aerosp Engn Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[English, Jason M.; Toon, Owen B.] Univ Colorado, Lab Atmospher & Space Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Neely, Ryan R., III] Univ Colorado, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Neely, Ryan R., III] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Neely, RR (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM ryan.r.neely@noaa.gov
RI Neely, Ryan/F-8702-2010; Mills, Michael/B-5068-2010; English,
Jason/E-9365-2015; THAYER, JEFFREY P./B-7264-2016; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Neely, Ryan/0000-0003-4560-4812; Mills, Michael/0000-0002-8054-1346;
English, Jason/0000-0001-9700-6860; THAYER, JEFFREY
P./0000-0001-7127-8251;
FU NSF [ATM-0856007, ATM-0454999, AGS-0942106]; NASA [NNX09AK71G]; National
Science Foundation; ESRL-CIRES; NASA GSRP [NNX-09AM38H]
FX The modeling and lidar observation analysis were conducted by Ryan Neely
with the support of the ESRL-CIRES Graduate Research Fellowship. The
authors thank John E. Barnes, principal investigator of the NOAA Global
Monitoring Division's Mauna Loa lidar for all the hard work involved
with the data collection and retrieval over the past 20 years. The
authors also thank Charles Bardeen for his work creating the CARMA
framework to simulate meteoritic smoke. We thank V. Lynn Harvey for help
with the SAGE II extinction data. This work was supported by NSF Awards
ATM-0856007, ATM-0454999 and AGS-0942106, NASA Award NNX09AK71G, and
NASA GSRP Fellowship NNX-09AM38H. NCAR is sponsored by the National
Science Foundation.
NR 33
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U1 0
U2 14
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD DEC 23
PY 2011
VL 38
AR L24808
DI 10.1029/2011GL049865
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 868BV
UT WOS:000298499400004
ER
PT J
AU Danielson, S
Curchitser, E
Hedstrom, K
Weingartner, T
Stabeno, P
AF Danielson, Seth
Curchitser, Enrique
Hedstrom, Kate
Weingartner, Thomas
Stabeno, Phyllis
TI On ocean and sea ice modes of variability in the Bering Sea
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID POLLOCK THERAGRA-CHALCOGRAMMA; FRESH-WATER DISCHARGE; NORTH
PACIFIC-OCEAN; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; DECADAL VARIABILITY; CLIMATE
VARIABILITY; CIRCULATION MODEL; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; TIDAL CURRENTS;
REGIME SHIFTS
AB Results from a 35 year hindcast of northeast Pacific Ocean conditions are confronted with observational data collected over the Bering Sea shelf within the integration time period. Rotary power spectra of the hindcast currents near NOAA mooring site M2 site fall within the 95% confidence bounds for the observational spectra, except for a high bias in the counter-clockwise rotating component at 10 m depth in the high frequencies (periods <24 h). The model exhibits the most skill in reproducing anomalies of the integrated annual sea ice concentration and monthly subsurface (60 m depth) temperature fields, accounting for 85% and 50% of their observed variability. Analysis of the integrated ice concentration time series reveals evolution in the mean duration of ice-free waters (40 year trend of +6.8 days/decade) and changes in this parameter's variance with time. Correlation and empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analyses reveal the primary temporal-spatial patterns of variability in the temperature and salinity fields over the Bering Sea and northern Gulf of Alaska for near-surface (0-20 m) and subsurface (40-100 m) depth layers. Correlation analysis between the EOF principal components and various climate index and observed time series shows that the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, the North Pacific Gyre Oscillation, and the Bering Sea annually integrated ice area anomalies are important indices of thermohaline variability; the spatial structures of these modes give insight to their potential impacts upon the ecosystem. We identify a number of ecologically and economically important species whose temporal variability is significantly correlated with the identified spatial patterns.
C1 [Danielson, Seth; Weingartner, Thomas] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Marine Sci, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Fairbanks, AK USA.
[Curchitser, Enrique] Rutgers State Univ, Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[Hedstrom, Kate] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Arctic Reg Supercomp Ctr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Stabeno, Phyllis] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Danielson, S (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Marine Sci, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Rm 114,ONeill Bldg, Fairbanks, AK USA.
EM seth@ims.uaf.edu
FU NOAA EcoFOCI; Department of Interior Bureau of Ocean Energy Management
[M07PC13368]; National Science Foundation [ARC-0732771, ARC-0732431,
ARC-0957985]
FX The authors thank the numerous researchers whose data have made the
model/data evaluations presented herein possible. In particular, Lisa
Eisner and the BASIS program have kindly provided CTD survey data. Peggy
Sullivan tracked down many historical mooring positions. Zygmunt Kowalik
graciously provided his compilation of historical amplitude and current
tidal harmonic parameters and helped implement and evaluate the tidal
forcing. We thank Franz Mueter for the use of his ecosystem indicator
time series, helpful discussions, and statistical guidance. We thank
Paul Budgell and one anonymous reviewer for thoughtful, constructive
reviews that strengthened the manuscript. Mooring M2 data are provided
by and supported through the NOAA EcoFOCI program. The Arctic Region
Supercomputing Center at UAF, the National Center for Atmospheric
Research, and the Texas Advanced Computing Center provided computational
resources. This is publication 3769 from Pacific Marine Environmental
Laboratory, North Pacific Research Board publication 312, and
BEST-BSIERP Bering Sea Project publication 28. This work was supported
by the Department of Interior Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, award
M07PC13368, and the National Science Foundation, awards ARC-0732771,
ARC-0732431, and ARC-0957985.
NR 135
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U1 3
U2 26
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD DEC 23
PY 2011
VL 116
AR C12034
DI 10.1029/2011JC007389
PG 24
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 868SN
UT WOS:000298545800002
ER
PT J
AU Linsky, JL
AF Linsky, Jeffrey L.
TI Voyagers of Discovery
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID TERMINATION SHOCK
C1 [Linsky, Jeffrey L.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Linsky, Jeffrey L.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Linsky, JL (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM jlinsky@jilau1.colorado.edu
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD DEC 23
PY 2011
VL 334
IS 6063
BP 1647
EP 1648
DI 10.1126/science.1200166
PG 2
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 865XK
UT WOS:000298344000048
PM 22144467
ER
PT J
AU Shi, W
Wang, MH
Jiang, LD
AF Shi, Wei
Wang, Menghua
Jiang, Lide
TI Spring-neap tidal effects on satellite ocean color observations in the
Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, and East China Sea
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; SEDIMENT CONCENTRATION; ATMOSPHERIC CORRECTION;
MULTISENSOR APPROACH; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; YANGTZE ESTUARY; MODIS;
TURBIDITY; PRODUCTS; ACCUMULATION
AB Eight-year ocean color observations between 2002 and 2009 from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) onboard the Aqua satellite are used to quantitatively assess the spring-neap tidal effects on variability of ocean optical and biogeochemical properties in the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, and East China Sea. We demonstrate that spring-neap tidal variation is one of important ocean processes that drive both the synoptic-scale and mesoscale changes of the ocean optical, biological, and biogeochemical properties in the coastal region. Normalized water-leaving radiance spectra (nL(w)(lambda)), water diffuse attenuation coefficient at the wavelength of 490 nm (K-d(490)), and total suspended matter (TSM) concentration show significant spring-neap variations in the coastal region within a lunar cycle of 29.53 days. In the open ocean, however, spring-neap tidal effects on ocean color data are negligible. The entire areal coverage of the turbid waters (K-d(490) > 0.3 m(-1)) showing significant spring-neap tidal variations is similar to 4-5 x 10(5) km(2). Similar coverage of moderately turbid waters (0.1 < K-d(490) <= 0.3 m(-1)) is also impacted by the spring-neap tides. The magnitude of the spring-neap tidal effects on the variations of the satellite ocean color properties, e. g., K-d(490) and TSM, is in the same order as the seasonal variations in the coastal region. Highest K-d(490) and largest turbid water coverage lag the new moon (or full moon) about 2-3 days, while the lowest K-d(490) and smallest turbid water coverage are also similar to 2-3 days behind the one-quarter (or three-quarter) moon. This is attributed to the seawater inertia and the friction against the seabed as well as the sediment resuspension process.
C1 [Shi, Wei; Wang, Menghua; Jiang, Lide] Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, NOAA, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[Shi, Wei; Jiang, Lide] Colorado State Univ, CIRA, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Shi, W (reprint author), Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, NOAA, E RA3,Room 102,5200 Auth Rd, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
EM menghua.wang@noaa.gov
RI Wang, Menghua/F-5631-2010; Shi, Wei/F-5625-2010; Jiang, Lide/G-2041-2010
OI Wang, Menghua/0000-0001-7019-3125; Jiang, Lide/0000-0002-9883-4411
FU NASA; NOAA
FX This research was supported by NASA and NOAA funding and grants. We
thank B. G. Bowers, B. Jones, and another anonymous reviewer for their
critical and constructive comments. MODIS L1B data were obtained from
the NASA/GSFC MODAPS Services website. The views, opinions, and findings
contained in this paper are those of the authors and should not be
construed as an official NOAA or U.S. Government position, policy, or
decision.
NR 65
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD DEC 22
PY 2011
VL 116
AR C12932
DI 10.1029/2011JC007234
PG 13
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 868SL
UT WOS:000298545500001
ER
PT J
AU Wang, H
Fuller-Rowell, TJ
Akmaev, RA
Hu, M
Kleist, DT
Iredell, MD
AF Wang, H.
Fuller-Rowell, T. J.
Akmaev, R. A.
Hu, M.
Kleist, D. T.
Iredell, M. D.
TI First simulations with a whole atmosphere data assimilation and forecast
system: The January 2009 major sudden stratospheric warming
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TEMPERATURE; COVARIANCES; MODEL
AB A Whole atmosphere Data Assimilation System (WDAS) is used to simulate the January 2009 sudden stratospheric warming (SSW). WDAS consists of the Whole Atmosphere Model (WAM) and the 3-dimensional variational (3DVar) analysis system GSI (Grid point Statistical Interpolation), modified to be compatible with the WAM model. An incremental analysis update (IAU) scheme was implemented in the data assimilation cycle to overcome the problem of excessive damping by digital filter in WAM of the important tidal waves in the upper atmosphere. IAU updates analysis incrementally into the model, thus avoids the initialization procedure (i.e., digital filter) during the WAM forecast stage. The WDAS simulation of the January 2009 SSW shows a significant increase in TW3 (terdiurnal, westward propagating, zonal wave number 3) and a decrease in SW2 (semidiurnal, westward propagating, zonal wave number 2) wave amplitudes in the E region during the warming, which can be attributed likely to the nonlinear wave-wave interactions between SW2, TW3 and DW1 (diurnal, westward propagating, zonal wave number 1). There is a delayed increase in SW2 in the E region after the warming, indicating a modulation by the changing large-scale planetary waves in the loweratmosphere during the SSW. These tidal wave responses during SSW appeared to be global in scale. An extended WAM forecast initialized from WDAS analysis shows remarkably consistent tidal wave responses to SSW, indicating a potential forecasting capability of several days in advance of the effects of the large-scale tropospheric and stratospheric dynamics on the thermospheric and ionospheric variability.
C1 [Wang, H.; Fuller-Rowell, T. J.; Hu, M.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Wang, H.; Fuller-Rowell, T. J.; Akmaev, R. A.] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Kleist, D. T.; Iredell, M. D.] NOAA, Environm Modeling Ctr, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
RP Wang, H (reprint author), Univ Colorado, CIRES, 216 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM houjun.wang@noaa.gov
FU NASA; AFOSR MURI NADIR; NASA LWS Strategic Capabilities
FX We thank R. Treaton for answering various GSI-related questions. Funding
for this work was provided by NASA Heliophysics Theory Program, AFOSR
MURI NADIR, and NASA LWS Strategic Capabilities. Computational resources
were provided by NOAA NCEP R&D high performance computing system.
NR 21
TC 29
Z9 30
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD DEC 22
PY 2011
VL 116
AR A12321
DI 10.1029/2011JA017081
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 868SV
UT WOS:000298546600003
ER
PT J
AU Becerra, FE
Fan, J
Baumgartner, G
Polyakov, SV
Goldhar, J
Kosloski, JT
Migdall, A
AF Becerra, F. E.
Fan, J.
Baumgartner, G.
Polyakov, S. V.
Goldhar, J.
Kosloski, J. T.
Migdall, A.
TI M-ary-state phase-shift-keying discrimination below the homodyne limit
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM; SIGNALS
AB We investigate a strategy for M-ary discrimination of nonorthogonal phase states with error rates below the homodyne limit. This strategy uses feed forward to update a reference field and signal nulling for the state discrimination. We experimentally analyze the receiver performance using postprocessing and a Bayesian strategy to emulate the feed-forward process. This analysis shows that for a moderate system detection efficiency, it is possible to surpass the homodyne error limit for quadrature phase-shift keying signals using feed forward.
C1 [Becerra, F. E.; Fan, J.; Polyakov, S. V.; Migdall, A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Becerra, F. E.; Fan, J.; Polyakov, S. V.; Migdall, A.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Fan, J.] Lab Telecommun Sci, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Goldhar, J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Kosloski, J. T.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
RP Becerra, FE (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Joint Quantum Inst, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM fbecerra@umd.edu
NR 21
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 1
U2 17
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD DEC 22
PY 2011
VL 84
IS 6
AR 062324
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.84.062324
PG 9
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 866OF
UT WOS:000298389800006
ER
PT J
AU Song, QH
Ge, L
Wiersig, J
Shim, JB
Unterhinninghofen, J
Eberspacher, A
Fang, W
Solomon, GS
Cao, H
AF Song, Q. H.
Ge, Li
Wiersig, J.
Shim, J. -B.
Unterhinninghofen, J.
Eberspaecher, A.
Fang, W.
Solomon, G. S.
Cao, Hui
TI Wavelength-scale deformed microdisk lasers
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID DIRECTIONAL EMISSION; OPTICAL MICROCAVITIES; WAVE-GUIDES; RESONATORS;
OUTPUT; MICROLASERS; RESONANCES; CAVITIES
AB We investigate lasing and output directionality of limacon-shaped microdisk lasers of dimensions comparable to the emission wavelength. The far-field patterns are shown to differ between lasing modes, unlike in large cavities where lasing modes exhibit universal emission directionality determined by chaotic ray dynamics. Unidirectional emission is obtained for certain modes in the wavelength-scale cavities. It results from weak coupling of nearly isotropic high-quality resonances to anisotropic low-quality resonances, combined with chiral symmetry breaking of clockwise and counterclockwise propagating waves. The latter is described by an extended ray dynamics which includes the Goos-Hanchen shift and the Fresnel filtering. Mode hybridization and wave effects in open cavities make it possible to control the output properties of individual lasing modes in wavelength-scale lasers.
C1 [Song, Q. H.; Cao, Hui] Yale Univ, Dept Appl Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
[Ge, Li] Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Wiersig, J.; Shim, J. -B.; Unterhinninghofen, J.; Eberspaecher, A.] Univ Magdeburg, Inst Theoret Phys, D-39016 Magdeburg, Germany.
[Fang, W.; Solomon, G. S.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Fang, W.; Solomon, G. S.] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Song, QH (reprint author), Harbin Inst Technol, Natl Key Lab Tunable Laser Technol, Inst Optoelect, Harbin 150080, Peoples R China.
RI Ge, Li/A-5171-2012; Cao, Hui/F-4815-2012; Fang, Wei/B-3794-2010;
Wiersig, Jan/F-1410-2013; Song, Qinghai/C-2197-2014
OI Fang, Wei/0000-0002-6511-3570;
FU NIST [70NANB6H6162]; NSF [DMR-0808937, DMR-0908437]; DFG
FX This work is supported partly by NIST under Grant No. 70NANB6H6162, by
NSF under Grants No. DMR-0808937 and No. DMR-0908437, and by DFG
research group 760.
NR 61
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 4
U2 24
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD DEC 22
PY 2011
VL 84
IS 6
AR 063843
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.84.063843
PG 8
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 866OF
UT WOS:000298389800013
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, YB
Glaney, S
Knill, E
AF Zhang, Yanbao
Glaney, Scott
Knill, Emanuel
TI Asymptotically optimal data analysis for rejecting local realism
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID HIDDEN-VARIABLE THEORIES; BELL INEQUALITIES
AB Reliable experimental demonstration of violations of local realism are highly desirable for fundamental tests of quantum mechanics. One can quantify the violation witnessed by an experiment in terms of a statistical p value, which can be defined as the maximum probability according to local realism of a violation at least as high as that witnessed. Thus, high violation corresponds to small p value. We propose a prediction-based-ratio (PBR) analysis protocol whose p values are valid even if the prepared quantum state varies arbitrarily and local realistic models can depend on previous measurement settings and outcomes. It is therefore not subject to the memory loophole [J. Barrett et al., Phys. Rev. A 66, 042111 (2002)]. If the prepared state does not vary in time, the p values are asymptotically optimal. For comparison, we consider protocols derived from the number of standard deviations of violation of a Bell inequality and from martingale theory [R. Gill, e-print arxiv quant-ph/0110137]. We find that the p values of the former can be too small and are therefore not statistically valid, while those derived from the latter are suboptimal. PBR p values do not require a predetermined Bell inequality and can be used to compare results from different tests of local realism independent of experimental details.
C1 [Zhang, Yanbao] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Zhang, Yanbao; Glaney, Scott; Knill, Emanuel] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Appl & Computat Math Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Zhang, YB (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
NR 29
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD DEC 22
PY 2011
VL 84
IS 6
AR 062118
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.84.062118
PG 10
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 866OF
UT WOS:000298389800001
ER
PT J
AU Queen, WL
Brown, CM
Britt, DK
Zajdel, P
Hudson, MR
Yaghi, OM
AF Queen, Wendy L.
Brown, Craig M.
Britt, David K.
Zajdel, Pawel
Hudson, Matthew R.
Yaghi, Omar M.
TI Site-Specific CO2 Adsorption and Zero Thermal Expansion in an An
isotropic Pore Network
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
LA English
DT Article
ID METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORKS; HIGH H-2 ADSORPTION; CARBON-DIOXIDE; HYDROGEN
STORAGE; HIGH-CAPACITY; COORDINATION SITES; GAS-ADSORPTION; DIFFRACTION;
SEPARATION; TEMPERATURE
AB Detailed neutron powder diffraction (NPD) experiments were carried out on the parent and CO2 adsorbed Mg-MOF-74 (MOF: metal-organic framework). Data collected at low temperature revealed two CO2 adsorption sites on the pore surface and multiple changes in the framework as a function of CO2 loading. Upon heating the samples to room temperature, the data revealed minimal changes in expansivity upon adsorption of up to 0.94 CO2/Mg (approximate to 25% mass fraction). Further, temperature-dependent data collected on the bare framework reveals net zero thermal expansion between 10 and 475 K.
C1 [Queen, Wendy L.; Brown, Craig M.; Hudson, Matthew R.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Queen, Wendy L.; Hudson, Matthew R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Brown, Craig M.] Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Bragg Inst, Menai, NSW 2234, Australia.
[Britt, David K.; Yaghi, Omar M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Chem & Biochem, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Zajdel, Pawel] Univ Silesia, Inst Phys, Div Phys Crystals, PL-40007 Katowice, Poland.
RP Brown, CM (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM craig.brown@nist.gov; yaghi@chem.ucla.edu
RI Britt, David/D-4675-2009; Zajdel, Pawel/B-7574-2013; Brown,
Craig/B-5430-2009;
OI Zajdel, Pawel/0000-0003-1220-5866; Brown, Craig/0000-0002-9637-9355;
Queen, Wendy/0000-0002-8375-2341; Yaghi, Omar/0000-0002-5611-3325
FU NIST NRC
FX W.Q. gratefully acknowledges the NIST NRC postdoctoral research
associateship program.
NR 34
TC 73
Z9 74
U1 3
U2 73
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1932-7447
J9 J PHYS CHEM C
JI J. Phys. Chem. C
PD DEC 22
PY 2011
VL 115
IS 50
BP 24915
EP 24919
DI 10.1021/jp208529p
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 860KR
UT WOS:000297947700059
ER
PT J
AU Campbell, GK
AF Campbell, Gretchen K.
TI ATOMIC PHYSICS When ultracold is not cold enough
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID GASES
C1 [Campbell, Gretchen K.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Campbell, Gretchen K.] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Campbell, GK (reprint author), NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM gretchen.campbell@nist.gov
RI Campbell, Gretchen/E-8338-2010
OI Campbell, Gretchen/0000-0003-2596-1919
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD DEC 22
PY 2011
VL 480
IS 7378
BP 463
EP 465
PG 2
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 865NQ
UT WOS:000298318000048
PM 22193096
ER
PT J
AU Plant, AL
Elliott, JT
Bhat, TN
AF Plant, Anne L.
Elliott, John T.
Bhat, Talapady N.
TI New concepts for building vocabulary for cell image ontologies
SO BMC BIOINFORMATICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SEMANTIC-WEB; SYSTEMS BIOLOGY; CHEM-BLAST; INFORMATION; MICROSCOPY;
MANAGEMENT; DATABASE; TOOLS
AB Background: There are significant challenges associated with the building of ontologies for cell biology experiments including the large numbers of terms and their synonyms. These challenges make it difficult to simultaneously query data from multiple experiments or ontologies. If vocabulary terms were consistently used and reused across and within ontologies, queries would be possible through shared terms. One approach to achieving this is to strictly control the terms used in ontologies in the form of a pre-defined schema, but this approach limits the individual researcher's ability to create new terms when needed to describe new experiments.
Results: Here, we propose the use of a limited number of highly reusable common root terms, and rules for an experimentalist to locally expand terms by adding more specific terms under more general root terms to form specific new vocabulary hierarchies that can be used to build ontologies. We illustrate the application of the method to build vocabularies and a prototype database for cell images that uses a visual data-tree of terms to facilitate sophisticated queries based on a experimental parameters. We demonstrate how the terminology might be extended by adding new vocabulary terms into the hierarchy of terms in an evolving process. In this approach, image data and metadata are handled separately, so we also describe a robust file-naming scheme to unambiguously identify image and other files associated with each metadata value. The prototype database http://sbd.nist.gov/ consists of more than 2000 images of cells and benchmark materials, and 163 metadata terms that describe experimental details, including many details about cell culture and handling. Image files of interest can be retrieved, and their data can be compared, by choosing one or more relevant metadata values as search terms. Metadata values for any dataset can be compared with corresponding values of another dataset through logical operations.
Conclusions: Organizing metadata for cell imaging experiments under a framework of rules that include highly reused root terms will facilitate the addition of new terms into a vocabulary hierarchy and encourage the reuse of terms. These vocabulary hierarchies can be converted into XML schema or RDF graphs for displaying and querying, but this is not necessary for using it to annotate cell images. Vocabulary data trees from multiple experiments or laboratories can be aligned at the root terms to facilitate query development. This approach of developing vocabularies is compatible with the major advances in database technology and could be used for building the Semantic Web.
C1 [Plant, Anne L.; Elliott, John T.; Bhat, Talapady N.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Plant, AL (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM Anne.plant@nist.gov
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology
FX This work was funded entirely by the National Institute of Standards and
Technology.
NR 35
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 6
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 1471-2105
J9 BMC BIOINFORMATICS
JI BMC Bioinformatics
PD DEC 21
PY 2011
VL 12
AR 487
DI 10.1186/1471-2105-12-487
PG 10
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Mathematical & Computational Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Mathematical & Computational Biology
GA 901SV
UT WOS:000300988000001
PM 22188658
ER
PT J
AU Krueger, S
Shin, JH
Raghunandan, S
Curtis, JE
Kelman, Z
AF Krueger, S.
Shin, J. -H.
Raghunandan, S.
Curtis, J. E.
Kelman, Z.
TI Atomistic Ensemble Modeling and Small-Angle Neutron Scattering of
Intrinsically Disordered Protein Complexes: Applied to Minichromosome
Maintenance Protein
SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID METHANOTHERMOBACTER-THERMAUTOTROPHICUS MCM; X-RAY-SCATTERING;
DNA-BINDING; HELICASE; INSIGHTS; THERMOAUTOTROPHICUM; DYNAMICS; CRYSTAL;
MUTANT
AB The minichromosome maintenance (MCM) proteins are thought to function as the replicative helicases in archaea and eukarya. In this work we determined the solution structure of the N-terminal portion of the MCM complex from the archaeon Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus (N-mtMCM) in the presence and absence of DNA using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). N-mtMCM is a multimeric protein complex that consists of 12 monomers, each of which contains three distinct domains and two unstructured regions. Using an all-atom approach incorporating modern force field and Monte Carlo methods to allow the unstructured regions of each monomer to be varied independently, we generated an ensemble of biologically relevant structures for the complex. An examination of the subsets of structures that were most consistent with the SANS data revealed that large movements between the three domains of N-mtMCM can occur in solution. Furthermore, changes in the SANS curves upon DNA binding could be correlated to the motion of a particular N-mtMCM domain. These results provide structural support to the previously reported biochemical observations that large domain motions are required for the activation of the MCM helicase in archaea and eukarya. The methods developed here for N-mtMCM solution structure modeling should be suitable for other large protein complexes with unstructured flexible regions.
C1 [Krueger, S.; Raghunandan, S.; Curtis, J. E.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Kelman, Z.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Shin, J. -H.] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Div Appl Biol & Chem, Taegu, South Korea.
[Kelman, Z.] Inst Biosci & Biotechnol Res, Rockville, MD USA.
RP Krueger, S (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM susan.krueger@nist.gov
FU National Science Foundation [MCB-0815646, DMR-0944772]
FX This work was supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation
(MCB-0815646 to Z.K.) and utilized facilities supported in part by the
National Science Foundation under Agreement No. DMR-0944772.
NR 32
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 7
PU CELL PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA
SN 0006-3495
J9 BIOPHYS J
JI Biophys. J.
PD DEC 21
PY 2011
VL 101
IS 12
BP 2999
EP 3007
DI 10.1016/j.bpj.2011.11.006
PG 9
WC Biophysics
SC Biophysics
GA 867HM
UT WOS:000298445500016
PM 22208199
ER
PT J
AU Azarderakhsh, M
Rossow, WB
Papa, F
Norouzi, H
Khanbilvardi, R
AF Azarderakhsh, Marzieh
Rossow, William B.
Papa, Fabrice
Norouzi, Hamidreza
Khanbilvardi, Reza
TI Diagnosing water variations within the Amazon basin using satellite data
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID TIME-VARIABLE GRAVITY; RAINFALL VARIABILITY; RIVER DISCHARGE;
FRESH-WATER; PRECIPITATION; GRACE; STORAGE; BALANCE; SCALES; RESOLUTION
AB The components of the Amazon water budget and their spatiotemporal variability are diagnosed using monthly averaged remote sensing-based data products for the period September 2002-December 2006. The large Amazon basin is divided into 14 smaller watersheds, and for each of these sub-basins, fresh water discharge is estimated from the water balance equation using satellite data products. The purpose of this study is to learn how to apply satellite data with global coverage over the large tropical regions; therefore several combinations of remote sensing estimates including total water storage changes, precipitation and evapotranspiration. The results are compared to gauge-based measurements and the best spatiotemporal agreement between estimated and observed runoff is within 1 mm/d for the combination of precipitation from the GPCP and the Montana evapotranspiration product. Mean annual precipitation, evapotranspiration and runoff for the whole basin are estimated to be 6.3, 2.27 and 3.02 mm/d respectively but also show large spatial and temporal variations at sub-basin scale. Using the most consistent data combination, the seasonal dynamics of the water budget within the Amazon system are examined. Agreement between satellite based and in situ runoff is improved when lag-times between sub-basins are included (RMSE from 0.98 to 0.61 mm/d). We estimate these lag times based on satellite-inferred inundation extents. The results reveal not only variations of the basin forcing but also the complex response of the inter-connected sub-basin (SB) water budgets. Inter-annual and inter-SB variation of the water components are investigated and show large anomalies in northwestern and eastern downstream SBs; aggregate behavior of the whole Amazon is more complex than can be represented by a simple integral of the forcing over the whole river system.
C1 [Azarderakhsh, Marzieh] CUNY, Grad Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA.
[Norouzi, Hamidreza] New York City Coll Technol, New York, NY 11201 USA.
[Papa, Fabrice] IRD LEGOS, F-31400 Toulouse, France.
[Azarderakhsh, Marzieh; Rossow, William B.; Papa, Fabrice; Norouzi, Hamidreza; Khanbilvardi, Reza] CUNY, NOAA Cooperat Remote Sensing Sci & Technol Ctr, New York, NY USA.
RP Azarderakhsh, M (reprint author), CUNY, Grad Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA.
EM mazarderakhsh@gc.cuny.edu
RI Papa, Fabrice/D-3695-2009; Rossow, William/F-3138-2015;
OI Papa, Fabrice/0000-0001-6305-6253; Norouzi, Hamid/0000-0003-0405-5108
FU NASA Energy and Water cycle Study [NNXD7AO90G]; NOAA-CREST
[NA06OAR4810162]
FX NASA Energy and Water cycle Study, grant NNXD7AO90G and NOAA-CREST,
grant NA06OAR4810162, funding supported this research. The authors would
like to thank Q. Mu, K. Zhang and J. Sheffield for sharing their
evapotranspiration data sets and the science teams of the GPCP, CMORPH,
PERSIANN and TRMM and GRACE for providing public data source.
NR 61
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD DEC 21
PY 2011
VL 116
AR D24107
DI 10.1029/2011JD015997
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 868AI
UT WOS:000298495500002
ER
PT J
AU Jentschura, UD
Puchalski, M
Mohr, PJ
AF Jentschura, U. D.
Puchalski, M.
Mohr, P. J.
TI Thermal correction to the molar polarizability of a Boltzmann gas
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID CONSTANT; TRANSITION; FREQUENCY; HELIUM
AB Metrology in atomic physics has been crucial for a number of advanced determinations of fundamental constants. In addition to very precise frequency measurements, the molar polarizability of an atomic gas has recently also been measured very accurately. Part of the motivation for the measurements is due to ongoing efforts to redefine the International System of Units (SI), for which an accurate value of the Boltzmann constant is needed. Here we calculate the dominant shift of the molar polarizability in an atomic gas due to thermal effects. It is given by the relativistic correction to the dipole interaction, which emerges when the probing electric field is Lorentz transformed into the rest frame of the atoms that undergo thermal motion. While this effect is small when compared to currently available experimental accuracy, the relativistic correction to the dipole interaction is much larger than the thermal shift of the polarizability induced by blackbody radiation.
C1 [Jentschura, U. D.; Puchalski, M.] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Rolla, MO 65409 USA.
[Puchalski, M.] Adam Mickiewicz Univ Poznan, Fac Chem, PL-60780 Poznan, Poland.
[Mohr, P. J.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Jentschura, UD (reprint author), Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Rolla, MO 65409 USA.
FU National Science Foundation; National Institute of Standards and
Technology
FX The authors acknowledge helpful conversations with M. R. Moldover and B.
N. Taylor. This work has been supported by the National Science
Foundation and by the National Institute of Standards and Technology
(precision measurement grant).
NR 20
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 9
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD DEC 21
PY 2011
VL 84
IS 6
AR 064102
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.84.064102
PG 3
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 866LE
UT WOS:000298381500021
ER
PT J
AU Zhao, E
Bray-Ali, N
Williams, CJ
Spielman, IB
Satija, II
AF Zhao, Erhai
Bray-Ali, Noah
Williams, Carl J.
Spielman, I. B.
Satija, Indubala I.
TI Chern numbers hiding in time-of-flight images
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID MAGNETIC-FIELDS; NEUTRAL ATOMS
AB We present a technique for detecting topological invariants-Chern numbers-from time-of-flight images of ultracold atoms. We show that the Chern numbers of integer quantum Hall states of lattice fermions leave their fingerprints in the atoms' momentum distribution. We analytically demonstrate that the number of local maxima in the momentum distribution is equal to the Chern number in two limiting cases, for large hopping anisotropy and in the continuum limit. In addition, our numerical simulations beyond these two limits show that these local maxima persist for a range of parameters. Thus, an everyday observable in cold atom experiments can serve as a useful tool to characterize and visualize quantum states with nontrivial topology.
C1 [Zhao, Erhai; Satija, Indubala I.] George Mason Univ, Sch Phys Astron & Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Zhao, Erhai; Bray-Ali, Noah; Williams, Carl J.; Spielman, I. B.; Satija, Indubala I.] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Zhao, Erhai; Bray-Ali, Noah; Williams, Carl J.; Spielman, I. B.; Satija, Indubala I.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Zhao, E (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Sch Phys Astron & Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
RI Zhao, Erhai/B-3463-2010; Williams, Carl/B-5877-2009
OI Zhao, Erhai/0000-0001-8954-1601;
FU ONR; NIST; National Research Council; NSF through the PFC at Joint
Quantum Institute; ARO from Atomtronics Multidisciplinary University
Research Initiative; Defense Advanced Research Project Agency
FX We acknowledge the support of the ONR and NIST (E.Z. and I.I.S.), the
National Research Council (N.B.-A.), the NSF through the PFC at Joint
Quantum Institute, (I.B.S.) and the ARO with funds from both the
Atomtronics Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative and the
Defense Advanced Research Project Agency OLE Program (I.B.S.).
NR 20
TC 44
Z9 44
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD DEC 21
PY 2011
VL 84
IS 6
AR 063629
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.84.063629
PG 5
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 866LE
UT WOS:000298381500019
ER
PT J
AU Braisted, J
Schneider, E
O'Kelly, S
van der Hoeven, C
AF Braisted, J.
Schneider, E.
O'Kelly, S.
van der Hoeven, C.
TI Design of an irradiation facility with a real-time radiation effects
monitoring capability
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Real-time; Irradiation facility; TRIGA; Radiation effects; Optocoupler
AB An in-core irradiation facility for radiation effects testing with a real-time monitoring capability has been designed for the 1.1 MW TRIGA Mark II research reactor at The University of Texas at Austin. The facility is larger than any currently available non-central location in a TRIGA, supporting testing of larger electronic components as well as other in-core irradiation applications requiring significant volume such as isotope production or neutron transmutation doping of silicon. This article presents the layout and characterization of the large in-core irradiation facility and the real-time electronics performance monitoring capability it is designed to support. To demonstrate this capability, an experimental campaign was conducted where the real-time current transfer ratio for 4N25 general-purpose optocouplers was obtained from in-situ voltage measurements. The resultant radiation effects data - current transfer ratio as a function of neutron and gamma dose - was seen to be repeatable and exceptionally finely resolved. Therefore, the real-time capability at UT TRIGA appears competitive with other effects characterization facilities in terms of number and size of testable samples while additionally offering a novel real-time, in-core monitoring capability. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Braisted, J.; Schneider, E.; van der Hoeven, C.] Univ Texas Austin, Nucl Engn Teaching Lab, Austin, TX 78758 USA.
[O'Kelly, S.] NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP van der Hoeven, C (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Nucl Engn Teaching Lab, 10100 Burnet Rd,Bldg 159, Austin, TX 78758 USA.
EM cvanderh@mail.utexas.edu
FU Department of Energy's Office of Nuclear Energy
FX The authors would like to thank Larry Welch, Mike Krause, Donna O'Kelly,
Joe Snook, Pat Griffin, David Vehar, and Charles Holm who have all
contributed to this work. Additionally, the authors would like to thank
the Department of Energy's Office of Nuclear Energy who provided funding
for this work through the Innovations in Nuclear Education and
Infrastructure (INIE) Program.
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
Equip.
PD DEC 21
PY 2011
VL 660
IS 1
BP 83
EP 90
DI 10.1016/j.nima.2011.05.010
PG 8
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 859NU
UT WOS:000297883900014
ER
PT J
AU Li, M
Guha, S
Zangmeister, R
Tarlov, MJ
Zachariah, MR
AF Li, Mingdong
Guha, Suvajyoti
Zangmeister, Rebecca
Tarlov, Michael J.
Zachariah, Michael R.
TI Method for Determining the Absolute Number Concentration of
Nanoparticles from Electrospray Sources
SO LANGMUIR
LA English
DT Article
ID IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; DIFFERENTIAL MOBILITY ANALYSIS; GOLD
NANOPARTICLES; CARBON NANOTUBES; PROTEIN; SIZE; AGGREGATION;
CLASSIFICATION; EXTINCTION; SPECTRA
AB We have developed a simple, fast, and accurate method to measure the absolute number concentration of nanoparticles in solution. The method combines electrospray differential mobility analysis (ES-DMA) with a statistical analysis of droplet-induced oligomer formation. A key feature of the method is that it allows determination of the absolute number concentration of particles by knowing only the droplet size generated from a particular ES source, thereby eliminating the need for sample-specific calibration standards or detailed analysis of transport losses. The approach was validated by comparing the total number concentration of monodispersed Au nanoparticles determined by ES-DMA with UV/vis measurements. We also show that this approach is valid for protein molecules by quantifying the absolute number concentration of Rituxan monoclonal antibody in solution. The methodology is applicable for quantification of any electrospray process coupled to an analytical tool that can distinguish monomers from higher order oligomers. The only requirement is that the droplet size distribution be evaluated. For users only interested in implementation of the theory, we provide a section that summarizes the relevant formulas. This method eliminates the need for sample-specific calibration standards or detailed analysis of transport losses.
C1 [Li, Mingdong; Guha, Suvajyoti; Zachariah, Michael R.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Li, Mingdong; Guha, Suvajyoti; Zangmeister, Rebecca; Tarlov, Michael J.; Zachariah, Michael R.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Zachariah, MR (reprint author), Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM mrz@umd.edu
RI Li, Mingdong/G-6957-2014; Zangmeister, Rebecca/D-6641-2017;
OI Li, Mingdong/0000-0001-5890-7156; Zangmeister,
Rebecca/0000-0002-0540-6240; Guha, Suvajyoti/0000-0002-7622-2721
NR 29
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 3
U2 36
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0743-7463
J9 LANGMUIR
JI Langmuir
PD DEC 20
PY 2011
VL 27
IS 24
BP 14732
EP 14739
DI 10.1021/la202177s
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 862UB
UT WOS:000298118500006
PM 22032424
ER
PT J
AU France, K
McCray, R
Penton, SV
Kirshner, RP
Challis, P
Laming, JM
Bouchet, P
Chevalier, R
Garnavich, PM
Fransson, C
Heng, K
Larsson, J
Lawrence, S
Lundqvist, P
Panagia, N
Pun, CSJ
Smith, N
Sollerman, J
Sonneborn, G
Sugerman, B
Wheeler, JC
AF France, Kevin
McCray, Richard
Penton, Steven V.
Kirshner, Robert P.
Challis, Peter
Laming, J. Martin
Bouchet, Patrice
Chevalier, Roger
Garnavich, Peter M.
Fransson, Claes
Heng, Kevin
Larsson, Josefin
Lawrence, Stephen
Lundqvist, Peter
Panagia, Nino
Pun, Chun S. J.
Smith, Nathan
Sollerman, Jesper
Sonneborn, George
Sugerman, Ben
Wheeler, J. Craig
TI HST-COS OBSERVATIONS OF HYDROGEN, HELIUM, CARBON, AND NITROGEN EMISSION
FROM THE SN 1987A REVERSE SHOCK
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE circumstellar matter; shock waves; supernovae: individual (SN 1987A)
ID HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; BALMER-DOMINATED SHOCKS; SUPERNOVA REMNANT
1987A; INNER CIRCUMSTELLAR RING; VELOCITY LY-ALPHA; X-RAY; LINE
EMISSION; TEMPERATURE EQUILIBRATION; SPECTROGRAPH OBSERVATIONS; MACH
NUMBER
AB We present the most sensitive ultraviolet observations of Supernova 1987A to date. Imaging spectroscopy from the Hubble Space Telescope-Cosmic Origins Spectrograph shows many narrow (Delta upsilon similar to 300 km s(-1)) emission lines from the circumstellar ring, broad (Delta upsilon similar to 10-20 x 103 km s(-1)) emission lines from the reverse shock, and ultraviolet continuum emission. The high signal-to-noise ratio (>40 per resolution element) broad Ly alpha emission is excited by soft X-ray and EUV heating of mostly neutral gas in the circumstellar ring and outer supernova debris. The ultraviolet continuum at lambda > 1350 angstrom can be explained by H I two-photon (2s (2)S(1/2)-1s (2)S(1/2)) emission from the same region. We confirm our earlier, tentative detection of N V lambda 1240 emission from the reverse shock and present the first detections of broad He II lambda 1640, C IV lambda 1550, and N IV] lambda 1486 emission lines from the reverse shock. The helium abundance in the high-velocity material is He/H = 0.14 +/- 0.06. The N V/H alpha line ratio requires partial ion-electron equilibration (T(e)/T(p) approximate to 0.14-0.35). We find that the N/C abundance ratio in the gas crossing the reverse shock is significantly higher than that in the circumstellar ring, a result that may be attributed to chemical stratification in the outer envelope of the supernova progenitor. The N/C abundance may have been stratified prior to the ring expulsion, or this result may indicate continued CNO processing in the progenitor subsequent to the expulsion of the circumstellar ring.
C1 [France, Kevin; Penton, Steven V.] Univ Colorado, Ctr Astrophys & Space Astron, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[McCray, Richard] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[McCray, Richard] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Kirshner, Robert P.; Challis, Peter] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Laming, J. Martin] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Bouchet, Patrice] DSM IRFU SAp CEA Saclay, Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Chevalier, Roger] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
[Garnavich, Peter M.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Fransson, Claes; Larsson, Josefin; Lundqvist, Peter; Sollerman, Jesper] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, Oskar Klein Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Heng, Kevin] ETH, Inst Astron, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
[Lawrence, Stephen] Hofstra Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hempstead, NY 11549 USA.
[Panagia, Nino] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Panagia, Nino] INAF CT, Osservatorio Astrofis Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy.
[Pun, Chun S. J.] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
[Smith, Nathan] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Sonneborn, George] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Sugerman, Ben] Goucher Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21204 USA.
[Wheeler, J. Craig] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
RP France, K (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Ctr Astrophys & Space Astron, 389 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM kevin.france@colorado.edu
OI Sollerman, Jesper/0000-0003-1546-6615; /0000-0003-0065-2933; Heng,
Kevin/0000-0003-1907-5910
FU NASA [NNX08AC146, NAS5-98043, NAS5-26555]; HST program [GO 12241]; NASA
through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute [GO-12241]
FX We thank Svetozar Zhekov formaking his X-ray shock model available, and
K.F. and S.V.P. thank James Green for enjoyable discussions about the
spectroscopic imaging capabilities of COS. We thank Dave Arnett for
helpful advice regarding progenitor envelope structure. This work was
supported by NASA grants NNX08AC146 and NAS5-98043 to the University of
Colorado at Boulder. Data were obtained as part of HST program GO 12241.
Support for program GO-12241 was provided by NASA through a grant from
the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the
Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA
contract NAS5-26555.
NR 59
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 8
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 20
PY 2011
VL 743
IS 2
AR 186
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/743/2/186
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 863PO
UT WOS:000298178400088
ER
PT J
AU Ingleby, L
Calvet, N
Bergin, E
Herczeg, G
Brown, A
Alexander, R
Edwards, S
Espaillat, C
France, K
Gregory, SG
Hillenbrand, L
Roueff, E
Valenti, J
Walter, F
Johns-Krull, C
Brown, J
Linsky, J
McClure, M
Ardila, D
Abgrall, H
Bethell, T
Hussain, G
Yang, H
AF Ingleby, Laura
Calvet, Nuria
Bergin, Edwin
Herczeg, Gregory
Brown, Alexander
Alexander, Richard
Edwards, Suzan
Espaillat, Catherine
France, Kevin
Gregory, Scott G.
Hillenbrand, Lynne
Roueff, Evelyne
Valenti, Jeff
Walter, Frederick
Johns-Krull, Christopher
Brown, Joanna
Linsky, Jeffrey
McClure, Melissa
Ardila, David
Abgrall, Herve
Bethell, Thomas
Hussain, Gaitee
Yang, Hao
TI NEAR-ULTRAVIOLET EXCESS IN SLOWLY ACCRETING T TAURI STARS: LIMITS
IMPOSED BY CHROMOSPHERIC EMISSION
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE accretion, accretion disks; circumstellar matter; stars: pre-main
sequence
ID PRE-MAIN-SEQUENCE; ETA-CHAMAELEONTIS CLUSTER; LOW-MASS STARS;
PLANET-FORMING REGION; X-RAY-RADIATION; FAR-ULTRAVIOLET; CIRCUMSTELLAR
DISKS; PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; BROWN DWARFS; MAGNETOSPHERIC ACCRETION
AB Young stars surrounded by disks with very low mass accretion rates are likely in the final stages of inner disk evolution and therefore particularly interesting to study. We present ultraviolet (UV) observations of the similar to 5-9 Myr old stars RECX-1 and RECX-11, obtained with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph and Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph on the Hubble Space Telescope, as well as optical and near-infrared spectroscopic observations. The two stars have similar levels of near-UV emission, although spectroscopic evidence indicates that RECX-11 is accreting and RECX-1 is not. The line profiles of Ha and He I lambda 10830 in RECX-11 show both broad and narrow redshifted absorption components that vary with time, revealing the complexity of the accretion flows. We show that accretion indicators commonly used to measure mass accretion rates, e. g., U-band excess luminosity or the Ca ii triplet line luminosity, are unreliable for low accretors, at least in the middle K spectral range. Using RECX-1 as a template for the intrinsic level of photospheric and chromospheric emission, we determine an upper limit of 3 x 10(-10) M(circle dot) yr(-1) for RECX-11. At this low accretion rate, recent photoevaporation models predict that an inner hole should have developed in the disk. However, the spectral energy distribution of RECX-11 shows fluxes comparable to the median of Taurus in the near-infrared, indicating that substantial dust remains. Fluorescent H2 emission lines formed in the innermost disk are observed in RECX-11, showing that gas is present in the inner disk, along with the dust.
C1 [Ingleby, Laura; Calvet, Nuria; Bergin, Edwin; McClure, Melissa; Bethell, Thomas] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Herczeg, Gregory] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85741 Garching, Germany.
[Brown, Alexander; France, Kevin] Univ Colorado, Ctr Astrophys & Space Astron, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Alexander, Richard] Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England.
[Edwards, Suzan] Smith Coll, Dept Astron, Northampton, MA 01063 USA.
[Espaillat, Catherine; Brown, Joanna] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Gregory, Scott G.; Hillenbrand, Lynne] CALTECH, Dept Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Roueff, Evelyne; Abgrall, Herve] Observ Paris, CNRS, UMR 8102, Sect Meudon, F-92195 Meudon, France.
[Roueff, Evelyne; Abgrall, Herve] LUTH, F-92195 Meudon, France.
[Valenti, Jeff] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Walter, Frederick] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
[Johns-Krull, Christopher] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
[Linsky, Jeffrey; Yang, Hao] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Linsky, Jeffrey; Yang, Hao] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Ardila, David] CALTECH, NASA Herschel Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Hussain, Gaitee] ESO, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
RP Ingleby, L (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, 830 Dennison Bldg,500 Church St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM lingleby@umich.edu; ncalvet@umich.edu; gregoryh@mpe.mpg.de
RI Yang, Hao/F-8396-2014;
OI Yang, Hao/0000-0002-9423-2333; McClure, Melissa/0000-0003-1878-327X;
Gregory, Scott/0000-0003-3674-5568; Herczeg, Gregory/0000-0002-7154-6065
FU NASA [11616]; University of Colorado; Association of Universities for
Research in Astronomy, Inc. under NASA [NAS 5-26555]; National Science
Foundation [0901947]; Science & Technology Facilities Council (STFC)
FX We thank Will Fischer for help reducing the Phoenix data to obtain the
He I line profile. We thank the SMARTS service for obtaining the SMARTS
spectra. Stony Brook University is a member of the SMARTS partnership.
This work was supported by NASA grants for Guest Observer program 11616
to the University of Michigan, Caltech, Stony Brook University, and the
University of Colorado. Based on observations made with the NASA/ESA
Hubble Space Telescope, obtained from the Space Telescope Science
Institute data archive. STScI is operated by the Association of
Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc. under NASA contract NAS
5-26555. C. E. was supported by the National Science Foundation under
award no. 0901947. R. A. acknowledges support from the Science &
Technology Facilities Council (STFC) through an Advanced Fellowship
(ST/G00711X/1).
NR 95
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 0
U2 9
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 20
PY 2011
VL 743
IS 2
AR 105
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/743/2/105
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 863PO
UT WOS:000298178400007
ER
PT J
AU van Sebille, E
Baringer, MO
Johns, WE
Meinen, CS
Beal, LM
de Jong, MF
van Aken, HM
AF van Sebille, Erik
Baringer, Molly O.
Johns, William E.
Meinen, Christopher S.
Beal, Lisa M.
de Jong, M. Femke
van Aken, Hendrik M.
TI Propagation pathways of classical Labrador Sea water from its source
region to 26 degrees N
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID WESTERN BOUNDARY CURRENT; NORTH-ATLANTIC OCEAN; MERIDIONAL OVERTURNING
CIRCULATION; PAST 4 DECADES; MEDITERRANEAN OUTFLOW; FORMATION RATES;
VARIABILITY; SALINITY; 26.5-DEGREES-N; TRANSPORT
AB More than two decades of hydrography on the Abaco line east of the Bahamas at 26 degrees N reveals decadal variability in the salinity of classical Labrador Sea Water (cLSW), despite the long distance from its source region in the North Atlantic Ocean. Hydrographic time series from the Labrador Sea and from the Abaco line show a pronounced step-like decrease in salinity between 1985 and 1995 in the Labrador Sea and between 1995 and 2010 at the Abaco line, suggesting a time lag between the two locations of approximately 9 years. The amplitude of the anomaly at the Abaco line is 50% of the amplitude in the Labrador Sea. A similar time lag and reduction of amplitude is found in the high-resolution OFES model, in which salinity anomalies can be observed propagating through the Deep Western Boundary Current as well as through a broad interior pathway. On its way south to the Abaco line, the cLSW becomes 8 standard deviations saltier due to isopycnal mixing with Mediterranean Outflow Water (MOW). Climatological data in the North Atlantic suggests that the mixing ratio of MOW to cLSW at the Abaco line is 1:4 and that no variability in MOW is required to explain the observed variability at the Abaco line. The data studied here suggest that decadal cLSW anomalies stay relatively coherent while getting advected, despite the important role of interior pathways.
C1 [Baringer, Molly O.; Meinen, Christopher S.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[van Sebille, Erik; Johns, William E.; Beal, Lisa M.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[de Jong, M. Femke; van Aken, Hendrik M.] Royal Netherlands Inst Sea Res, NL-1790 AB Den Burg, Netherlands.
RP van Sebille, E (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, Climate Change Res Ctr, Level 4,Mathews Bldg, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
EM e.vansebille@unsw.edu.au
RI van Sebille, Erik/F-6781-2010; Meinen, Christopher/G-1902-2012;
Baringer, Molly/D-2277-2012;
OI van Sebille, Erik/0000-0003-2041-0704; Meinen,
Christopher/0000-0002-8846-6002; Baringer, Molly/0000-0002-8503-5194;
Beal, Lisa/0000-0003-3678-5367
FU U.S. National Science Foundation [OCE0241438]; NOAA Atlantic
Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory; JAMSTEC
FX This research was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation
under Award OCE0241438. The work of two authors (M.B. and C.M.) on this
project was also supported by the NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and
Meteorological Laboratory. The OFES simulation was conducted on the
Earth Simulator under the support of JAMSTEC. The Labrador Sea time
series was constructed with public data (until 1997) as well as
post-WOCE data processed by Igor Yashayaev from the Bedford Institute of
Oceanography.
NR 65
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD DEC 20
PY 2011
VL 116
AR C12027
DI 10.1029/2011JC007171
PG 18
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 868SH
UT WOS:000298545100001
ER
PT J
AU Shamberger, KEF
Feely, RA
Sabine, CL
Atkinson, MJ
DeCarlo, EH
Mackenzie, FT
Drupp, PS
Butterfield, DA
AF Shamberger, K. E. F.
Feely, R. A.
Sabine, C. L.
Atkinson, M. J.
DeCarlo, E. H.
Mackenzie, F. T.
Drupp, P. S.
Butterfield, D. A.
TI Calcification and organic production on a Hawaiian coral reef
SO MARINE CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Coral reef; Calcification; Production; CO2; Ocean acidification; Kaneohe
ID CALCIUM-CARBONATE SATURATION; SOUTHERN KANEOHE BAY; CO2
PARTIAL-PRESSURE; OCEAN ACIDIFICATION; COMMUNITY METABOLISM; SKELETAL
GROWTH; NORTH PACIFIC; STYLOPHORA-PISTILLATA; SCLERACTINIAN CORALS;
CALCIFYING ORGANISMS
AB Net ecosystem calcification rates (NEC) and net photosynthesis (NP) were determined from CO2 seawater parameters on the barrier coral reef of Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, Hawaii. Autosamplers were deployed to collect samples on the barrier reef every 2 h for six 48-hour deployments, two each in June 2008, August 2009, and January/February 2010. NEC on the Kaneohe Bay barrier reef increased throughout the day and decreased at night. Net calcification continued at low rates at night except for six time periods when net dissolution was measured. The barrier reef was generally net photosynthetic (positive NP) during the day and net respiring (negative NP) at night. NP controlled the diel cycles of the partial pressure of CO2 (pCO(2)) and aragonite saturation state (Omega(arag)), resulting in high daytime Omega(arag) levels when calcification rates were at their peak. However, the NEC and NP did l cycles can become decoupled for short periods of time (several hours) without affecting calcification rates. On a daily basis, net ecosystem production (NEP) of the barrier reef was found to be sometimes net photosynthetic and sometimes net respiring and ranged from -378 to 80 mmol m(-2) d(-1) when calculated using simple box models. Daily NEC of the barrier reef was positive (net calcification) for all deployments and ranged from 174 to 331 mmol CaCO3 m(-2) d(-1). Daily NEC was strongly negatively correlated with average daily pCO(2) (R-2 = 0.76) which ranged from 431 to 622 mu atm. Daily NEC of the Kaneohe Bay barrier reef is similar to or higher than daily NEC measured on other coral reefs even though Omega(arag) levels (mean Omega(arag) = 2.85) are some of the lowest measured in coral reef ecosystems. It appears that while calcification rate and Omega(arag) are correlated within a single coral reef ecosystem, this relationship does not necessarily hold between different coral reef systems. It can be expected that ocean acidification will not affect coral reefs uniformly and that some may be more sensitive to increasing pCO(2) levels than others. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Shamberger, K. E. F.] Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Shamberger, K. E. F.; Feely, R. A.; Sabine, C. L.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Atkinson, M. J.; DeCarlo, E. H.; Mackenzie, F. T.; Drupp, P. S.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Oceanog, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci & Technol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Butterfield, D. A.] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Shamberger, KEF (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM kfagan@uw.edu
RI Shamberger, Kathryn/C-9531-2014; Butterfield, David/H-3815-2016;
OI Shamberger, Kathryn/0000-0002-2927-3657; Butterfield,
David/0000-0002-1595-9279; Drupp, Patrick/0000-0001-5758-0702
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
FX This work was sponsored by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration. This is contribution number 3639 from the Pacific Marine
Environmental Laboratory of NOAA. We specifically acknowledge Libby
Jewett of NOAA Ocean Acidification for her support. We are grateful to
Chris Winn and Andrew Brittain at Hawaii Pacific University for making
it possible for us to collect samples from HPU's research vessel, the
Kaholo, and to the crew of the Kaholo, especially Captain Brian Quinn.
NR 85
TC 81
Z9 82
U1 3
U2 63
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-4203
EI 1872-7581
J9 MAR CHEM
JI Mar. Chem.
PD DEC 20
PY 2011
VL 127
IS 1-4
BP 64
EP 75
DI 10.1016/j.marchem.2011.08.003
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography
SC Chemistry; Oceanography
GA 864EI
UT WOS:000298219400008
ER
PT J
AU Ding, L
Wang, C
Chu, LH
Yan, J
Na, YY
Huang, QZ
Chen, XL
AF Ding, Lei
Wang, Cong
Chu, Lihua
Yan, Jun
Na, Yuanyuan
Huang, Qingzhen
Chen, Xiaolong
TI Near zero temperature coefficient of resistivity in antiperovskite
Mn3Ni1-xCuxN
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID ANOMALIES; COMPOUND
AB The near zero temperature coefficient of resistivity (NZ-TCR) in Mn-based antiperovskite Mn3Ni1-xCuxN is reported. The temperature range of NZ-TCR is controllable by changing Cu content. Further, the TCR value of 0.09 ppm K-1 was obtained in Mn3Ni0.5Cu0.5N over a broad temperature range around room temperature. The anomalous resistivity change of Mn3Ni1-xCuxN from metal-like to NZ-TCR behavioris apparently due to a magnetic transition. The possible reason for the formation of NZ-TCR is interpreted on the basis of spin-disorder scattering. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3671183]
C1 [Ding, Lei; Wang, Cong; Chu, Lihua; Yan, Jun; Na, Yuanyuan] Beijing Univ, Dept Phys, Key Lab Micronano Measurement Manipulat & Phys, Ctr Condensed Matter & Mat Phys,Minist Educ, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China.
[Huang, Qingzhen] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Chen, Xiaolong] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China.
RP Wang, C (reprint author), Beijing Univ, Dept Phys, Key Lab Micronano Measurement Manipulat & Phys, Ctr Condensed Matter & Mat Phys,Minist Educ, Beijing 100191, Peoples R China.
EM congwang@buaa.cn
RI DING, LEI/S-5233-2016
OI DING, LEI/0000-0002-1556-2095
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [91122026, 90922037]
FX This work was financially supported by National Natural Science
Foundation of China (NSFC) (No. 91122026 and 90922037).
NR 23
TC 31
Z9 34
U1 1
U2 19
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD DEC 19
PY 2011
VL 99
IS 25
AR 251905
DI 10.1063/1.3671183
PG 4
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 875LO
UT WOS:000299031600021
ER
PT J
AU Lau, JW
Liu, XY
Boling, RC
Shaw, JM
AF Lau, June W.
Liu, Xiaoyong
Boling, Robert C.
Shaw, Justin M.
TI Decoupling nucleation and domain-wall propagation regimes in (Co/Pd)(n)
multilayer nanostructures
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID ANGULAR-DEPENDENCE; ION IRRADIATION; SWITCHING FIELD; MEDIA; ANISOTROPY
AB In (Co/Pd)(n) multilayer dots with submicrometer diameters, it is understood that reversal is initiated by the nucleation of a small reversed region, followed by uninhibited expansion of the nucleus. The fact that the reversed domain expands with relative ease has been attributed to the fact that the field required to free a domain wall is much smaller than the field required to create the nucleus. In this work, we measured the angular dependence of the coercivity in individual 500-nm and 1-mu m (Co/Pd)(n) multilayer dots and show that the shape of this curve deviates from the Stoner-Wohlfarth-like form observed by others. We attribute this deviation to (1) the domain-wall depinning field exceeding the nucleation field when the reversal field has a large in-plane component and (2) exchange-spring-like behavior at the dots' edges due to ion-mill damage.
C1 [Lau, June W.; Liu, Xiaoyong] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Boling, Robert C.] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Shaw, Justin M.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Lau, JW (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM june.lau@nist.gov
RI Shaw, Justin/C-1845-2008; Lau, June/C-7509-2013
OI Shaw, Justin/0000-0003-2027-1521;
FU National Science Foundation, Division of Materials Research
FX The authors are grateful for the illuminating discussions with Bob
McMichael. R. C. Boling was supported in part by the National Science
Foundation's Research Experience for Undergraduates program, Division of
Materials Research. This research was performed in part at the NIST
Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology.
NR 32
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 25
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC 19
PY 2011
VL 84
IS 21
AR 214427
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.84.214427
PG 5
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 867XC
UT WOS:000298487100007
ER
PT J
AU Underwood, JM
Lowell, PJ
O'Neil, GC
Ullom, JN
AF Underwood, Jason M.
Lowell, Peter J.
O'Neil, Galen C.
Ullom, Joel N.
TI Insensitivity of Sub-Kelvin Electron-Phonon Coupling to Substrate
Properties
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SCATTERING
AB We have examined the role of the substrate on electron-phonon coupling in normal-metal films of Mn-doped Al at temperatures below 1 K. Normal metal-insulator-superconductor junctions were used to measure the electron temperature in the films as a function of Joule heating power and phonon temperature. Theory suggests that the distribution of phonons available for interaction with electrons in metal films may depend on the acoustic properties of the substrate, namely, that the electron-phonon coupling constant Sigma would be larger on the substrate with smaller sound speed. In contrast, our results indicate that within experimental error (typically +/-10%), Sigma is unchanged among the two acoustically distinct substrates used in our investigation.
C1 [Underwood, Jason M.; Lowell, Peter J.; O'Neil, Galen C.; Ullom, Joel N.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Underwood, JM (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
FU National Research Council; NASA APRA
FX This work was supported by the National Research Council and the NASA
APRA program.
NR 13
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD DEC 16
PY 2011
VL 107
IS 25
AR 255504
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.255504
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 869OE
UT WOS:000298606800016
PM 22243092
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, R
Delworth, TL
Rosati, A
Anderson, WG
Dixon, KW
Lee, HC
Zeng, FR
AF Zhang, Rong
Delworth, Thomas L.
Rosati, Anthony
Anderson, Whit G.
Dixon, Keith W.
Lee, Hyun-Chul
Zeng, Fanrong
TI Sensitivity of the North Atlantic Ocean Circulation to an abrupt change
in the Nordic Sea overflow in a high resolution global coupled climate
model
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID MERIDIONAL OVERTURNING CIRCULATION; WESTERN BOUNDARY CURRENT;
GULF-STREAM; THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION; GENERAL-CIRCULATION; PART I;
VARIABILITY; SIMULATION; PATH; ADJUSTMENT
AB The sensitivity of the North Atlantic Ocean Circulation to an abrupt change in the Nordic Sea overflow is investigated for the first time using a high resolution eddy-permitting global coupled ocean-atmosphere model (GFDL CM2.5). The Nordic Sea overflow is perturbed through the change of the bathymetry in GFDL CM2.5. We analyze the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) adjustment process and the downstream oceanic response to the perturbation. The results suggest that north of 34 degrees N, AMOC changes induced by changes in the Nordic Sea overflow propagate on the slow tracer advection timescale, instead of the fast Kelvin wave timescale, resulting in a time lead of several years between subpolar and subtropical AMOC changes. The results also show that a stronger and deeper-penetrating Nordic Sea overflow leads to stronger and deeper AMOC, stronger northward ocean heat transport, reduced Labrador Sea deep convection, stronger cyclonic Northern Recirculation Gyre (NRG), westward shift of the North Atlantic Current (NAC) and southward shift of the Gulf Stream, warmer sea surface temperature (SST) east of Newfoundland and colder SST south of the Grand Banks, stronger and deeper NAC and Gulf Stream, and stronger oceanic eddy activities along the NAC and the Gulf Stream paths. A stronger/weaker Nordic Sea overflow also leads to a contracted/expanded subpolar gyre (SPG). This sensitivity study points to the important role of the Nordic Sea overflow in the large scale North Atlantic ocean circulation, and it is crucial for climate models to have a correct representation of the Nordic Sea overflow.
C1 [Zhang, Rong; Delworth, Thomas L.; Rosati, Anthony; Anderson, Whit G.; Dixon, Keith W.; Lee, Hyun-Chul; Zeng, Fanrong] NOAA, GFDL, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Lee, Hyun-Chul] High Performance Technol Inc, Reston, VA USA.
RP Zhang, R (reprint author), NOAA, GFDL, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM rong.zhang@noaa.gov
RI Delworth, Thomas/C-5191-2014; Zhang, Rong/D-9767-2014; Dixon,
Keith/L-7120-2015
OI Zhang, Rong/0000-0002-8493-6556; Dixon, Keith/0000-0003-3044-326X
NR 36
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 4
U2 22
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD DEC 16
PY 2011
VL 116
AR C12024
DI 10.1029/2011JC007240
PG 14
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 864PV
UT WOS:000298253100003
ER
PT J
AU Elvira, D
Hachair, X
Verma, VB
Braive, R
Beaudoin, G
Robert-Philip, I
Sagnes, I
Baek, B
Nam, SW
Dauler, EA
Abram, I
Stevens, MJ
Beveratos, A
AF Elvira, D.
Hachair, X.
Verma, V. B.
Braive, R.
Beaudoin, G.
Robert-Philip, I.
Sagnes, I.
Baek, B.
Nam, S. W.
Dauler, E. A.
Abram, I.
Stevens, M. J.
Beveratos, A.
TI Higher-order photon correlations in pulsed photonic crystal nanolasers
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID ROOM-TEMPERATURE; LASER; MICROCAVITY; EMISSION
AB We report on the higher-order photon correlations of a high-beta nanolaser under pulsed excitation at room temperature. Using a multiplexed four-element superconducting single-photon detector we measured g((n))(0) over right arrow with n = 2,3,4. All orders of correlation display partially chaotic statistics, even at four times the threshold excitation power. We show that this departure from coherence and Poisson statistics is due to the quantum fluctuations associated with the small number of photons at the lasing threshold.
C1 [Elvira, D.; Hachair, X.; Braive, R.; Beaudoin, G.; Robert-Philip, I.; Sagnes, I.; Abram, I.; Beveratos, A.] Lab Photon & Nanostruct LPN CNRS UPR20, F-91460 Marcoussis, France.
[Verma, V. B.; Baek, B.; Nam, S. W.; Stevens, M. J.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Dauler, E. A.] MIT, Lincoln Lab, Lexington, MA 02420 USA.
RP Elvira, D (reprint author), Lab Photon & Nanostruct LPN CNRS UPR20, Route Nozay, F-91460 Marcoussis, France.
EM alexios.beveratos@lpn.cnrs.fr
FU Triangle de la Physique; French National Research Agency (ANR) [NATIF
ANR-09-NANO-P103-36]
FX The authors acknowledge financial support from the Triangle de la
Physique under the BIRD project and from the French National Research
Agency (ANR) through the Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Program (Project
NATIF ANR-09-NANO-P103-36).
NR 25
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 13
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD DEC 16
PY 2011
VL 84
IS 6
AR 061802
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.84.061802
PG 4
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 866KI
UT WOS:000298379100003
ER
PT J
AU Gilmore, K
Garate, I
MacDonald, AH
Stiles, MD
AF Gilmore, Keith
Garate, Ion
MacDonald, Allan H.
Stiles, M. D.
TI First-principles calculation of the nonadiabatic spin transfer torque in
Ni and Fe
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID DOMAIN-WALL MOTION; S-D EXCHANGE; ELECTRIC-CURRENT; MAGNETIZATION
DYNAMICS; PERMALLOY-FILMS; DRIVEN; NANOWIRES; METALS; RELAXATION;
DEPENDENCE
AB The magnetization dynamics of a ferromagnet subjected to an electrical current are described by an extension of the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation that contains two additional terms, the adiabatic and nonadiabatic spin-transfer torques. First-principles calculations of the nonadiabatic spin-transfer torque parameter beta for bcc iron and fcc nickel show that beta is related to and typically of the same order as alpha, the damping constant, but is distinct from it. Calculations as a function of the ratio of spin-dependent scattering rates show that (1) the minimum of the damping constant as a function of scattering rate does not change significantly, and (2) when the polarization of the current approaches zero, beta can become large but the implied domain-wall velocity does not.
C1 [Gilmore, Keith; Stiles, M. D.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Gilmore, Keith] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Mol Foundry, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Garate, Ion] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
[MacDonald, Allan H.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
RP Gilmore, K (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RI Stiles, Mark/K-2426-2012; Gilmore, Keith/D-5426-2013
OI Stiles, Mark/0000-0001-8238-4156;
NR 76
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 2
U2 19
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
EI 1550-235X
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC 16
PY 2011
VL 84
IS 22
AR 224412
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.84.224412
PG 8
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 868UX
UT WOS:000298552700003
ER
PT J
AU Holtgrieve, GW
Schindler, DE
Hobbs, WO
Leavitt, PR
Ward, EJ
Bunting, L
Chen, GJ
Finney, BP
Gregory-Eaves, I
Holmgren, S
Lisac, MJ
Lisi, PJ
Nydick, K
Rogers, LA
Saros, JE
Selbie, DT
Shapley, MD
Walsh, PB
Wolfe, AP
AF Holtgrieve, Gordon W.
Schindler, Daniel E.
Hobbs, William O.
Leavitt, Peter R.
Ward, Eric J.
Bunting, Lynda
Chen, Guangjie
Finney, Bruce P.
Gregory-Eaves, Irene
Holmgren, Sofia
Lisac, Mark J.
Lisi, Peter J.
Nydick, Koren
Rogers, Lauren A.
Saros, Jasmine E.
Selbie, Daniel T.
Shapley, Mark D.
Walsh, Patrick B.
Wolfe, Alexander P.
TI A Coherent Signature of Anthropogenic Nitrogen Deposition to Remote
Watersheds of the Northern Hemisphere
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID MOUNTAIN NATIONAL-PARK; LAKES; ISOTOPES; CLIMATE; SHIFTS; ENRICHMENT;
COLORADO; NITRATE; DRIVEN; CYCLE
AB Humans have more than doubled the amount of reactive nitrogen (Nr) added to the biosphere, yet most of what is known about its accumulation and ecological effects is derived from studies of heavily populated regions. Nitrogen (N) stable isotope ratios (N-15:N-14) in dated sediments from 25 remote Northern Hemisphere lakes show a coherent signal of an isotopically distinct source of N to ecosystems beginning in 1895 +/- 10 years (+/- 1 standard deviation). Initial shifts in N isotope composition recorded in lake sediments coincide with anthropogenic CO2 emissions but accelerate with widespread industrial Nr production during the past half century. Although current atmospheric Nr deposition rates in remote regions are relatively low, anthropogenic N has probably influenced watershed N budgets across the Northern Hemisphere for over a century.
C1 [Holtgrieve, Gordon W.; Schindler, Daniel E.; Lisi, Peter J.; Rogers, Lauren A.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Hobbs, William O.] Sci Museum Minnesota, St Croix Watershed Res Stn, Marine St Croix, MN USA.
[Leavitt, Peter R.; Bunting, Lynda] Univ Regina, Dept Biol, Limnol Lab, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada.
[Ward, Eric J.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA USA.
[Chen, Guangjie; Gregory-Eaves, Irene] McGill Univ, Dept Biol, Montreal, PQ H3A 1B1, Canada.
[Chen, Guangjie] Yunnan Normal Univ, Sch Tourism & Geog, Key Lab Plateau Lake Ecol & Global Change, Kunming, Yunnan, Peoples R China.
[Finney, Bruce P.; Shapley, Mark D.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Geosci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA.
[Finney, Bruce P.; Shapley, Mark D.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA.
[Holmgren, Sofia] Lund Univ, Div Geol, Dept Earth & Ecosyst Sci, S-22100 Lund, Sweden.
[Lisac, Mark J.; Walsh, Patrick B.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Dillingham, AK USA.
[Nydick, Koren] Mt Studies Inst, Silverton, CO USA.
[Saros, Jasmine E.] Univ Maine, Climate Change Inst, Orono, ME USA.
[Selbie, Daniel T.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Sci Branch, Cultus Lake Salmon Res Lab, Pacific Reg, Cultus Lake, BC, Canada.
[Wolfe, Alexander P.] Univ Alberta, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
RP Holtgrieve, GW (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM gholt@uw.edu
RI Leavitt, Peter/A-1048-2013; Bunting, Lynda/K-2039-2013; Holtgrieve,
Gordon/C-5371-2009;
OI Leavitt, Peter/0000-0001-9805-9307; Holtgrieve,
Gordon/0000-0002-4451-3567; Hobbs, William/0000-0001-7321-0779
FU Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service;
Togiak National Wildlife Refuge; Alberta Water Research Institute;
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; NSF; Canada
Foundation for Innovation
FX The Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, Togiak National Wildlife Refuge, the Alberta Water Research
Institute, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of
Canada, and NSF provided funding for this work. The Canada Foundation
for Innovation provided funding to P. R. L. for the University of Regina
stable isotope lab. Original data used in this study are available as an
R workspace along with example R code in the SOM.
NR 24
TC 121
Z9 127
U1 10
U2 153
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD DEC 16
PY 2011
VL 334
IS 6062
BP 1545
EP 1548
DI 10.1126/science.1212267
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 862LE
UT WOS:000298091400050
PM 22174250
ER
PT J
AU Levasseur, B
Ebrahim, AM
Burress, J
Bandosz, TJ
AF Levasseur, Benoit
Ebrahim, Amani M.
Burress, Jacob
Bandosz, Teresa J.
TI Interactions of NO2 at ambient temperature with cerium-zirconium mixed
oxides supported on SBA-15
SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Ambient conditions; Cerium; NOx adsorption; SBA-15; Zirconium
ID SELECTIVE CATALYTIC REDUCTION; MESOPOROUS SILICA; ACTIVATED CARBONS;
NITROGEN-OXIDES; ADSORPTION; SURFACE; BEHAVIOR; CHEMISTRY; REMOVAL;
ETHANOL
AB New silica-based composites were obtained using a slow precipitation of mixed oxide Ce1-xZrxO2 on the surface of mesoporous silica, SBA-15. The samples were tested as NO2 adsorbents in dynamic conditions at room temperature. The surface of the initial and exhausted materials was characterized using N-2 sorption, XRD. TEM, potentiometric titration, and thermal analysis before and after exposure to NO2. In comparison with unsupported Ce1-xZrxO2 mixed oxides, a significant increase in the NO2 adsorption capacity was observed. This is due to the high dispersion of active oxide phase on the surface of SBA-15. A linear trend was found between the NO2 adsorption capacity and the amount of Zr(OH)(4) added to the structure. Introduction of Zr cations to ceria Contributes to an increase in the amount of Ce3+, which is the active center for the NO2 adsorption, and to an increase in the density of-OH groups. These groups are found to be involved in the retention of both NO2 and NO on the surface. After exposure to NO2, an acidification of the surface caused by the oxidation of the cerium as well as the formation of nitrite and nitrates took place. The structure of the composites appears not to be affected by reactive adsorption of NO2. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Levasseur, Benoit; Ebrahim, Amani M.; Bandosz, Teresa J.] CUNY City Coll, New York, NY 10031 USA.
[Levasseur, Benoit; Ebrahim, Amani M.; Bandosz, Teresa J.] CUNY, Grad Sch, New York, NY 10031 USA.
[Burress, Jacob] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Bandosz, TJ (reprint author), CUNY City Coll, 160 Convent Ave, New York, NY 10031 USA.
EM tbandosz@ccny.cuny.edu
FU ARO (Army Research Office) [W911NF-10-1-0030]
FX This study was supported by the ARO (Army Research Office) grant
W911NF-10-1-0030.
NR 55
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 25
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3894
J9 J HAZARD MATER
JI J. Hazard. Mater.
PD DEC 15
PY 2011
VL 197
BP 294
EP 303
DI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.09.087
PG 10
WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 863XA
UT WOS:000298200400036
PM 21999986
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, WL
Kim, SA
Uda, S
Rivenbark, CF
AF Johnson, Ward L.
Kim, Sudook A.
Uda, Satoshi
Rivenbark, Christine F.
TI Contributions to anelasticity in langasite and langatate
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TEMPERATURE PIEZOELECTRIC MATERIALS; INDUCED FREQUENCY-SHIFTS;
INTERNAL-FRICTION; ELECTROMECHANICAL PROPERTIES; ELEVATED-TEMPERATURES;
DIELECTRIC-PROPERTIES; DEFECT CHEMISTRY; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; CUT
RESONATORS; KINK MOTION
AB Maximization of the quality factors Q of langasite (LGS) and langatate (LGT) is necessary for optimal performance of acoustic resonators of these materials in frequency-control and high-temperature sensing applications. In this report, measurements and least-squares analysis of Q(-1) as a function of ultrasonic frequency and temperature of undoped LGS (100 K to 750 K) and LGT (300 K to 760 K) reveal a superposition of physical effects, including point-defect relaxations and intrinsic phonon-phonon loss. In LGS, these effects are superimposed on a large temperature-dependent background with weak frequency dependence that is interpreted as arising from a relaxation process with a distribution of activation energies. This distributed relaxation is suggested to be a result of anelastic kink migration. No evidence for a significant background of this form is found in the LGT specimen, consistent with the lower measured dislocation etch-pit density of this crystal. The analysis of the dependence of Q(-1) of LGT on frequency and temperature indicates that, at near-ambient temperatures, the damping in this specimen is close to the intrinsic limit determined by phonon-phonon interactions. Piezoelectric/carrier relaxation, which must occur at sufficiently elevated temperatures, is found not to be a significant contribution to Q(-1), relative to defect-related contributions, in either LGS or LGT in the measured range of temperatures. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3672443]
C1 [Johnson, Ward L.; Kim, Sudook A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Uda, Satoshi] Tohoku Univ, Inst Mat Res, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan.
[Rivenbark, Christine F.] Univ Cent Florida, AMPAC, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
RP Johnson, WL (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM wjohnson@boulder.nist.gov
RI UDA, Satoshi/B-3728-2011
NR 64
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 11
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD DEC 15
PY 2011
VL 110
IS 12
AR 123528
DI 10.1063/1.3672443
PG 12
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 869ZV
UT WOS:000298639800042
ER
PT J
AU Malherbe, J
Isaure, MP
Seby, F
Watson, RP
Rodriguez-Gonzalez, P
Stutzman, PE
Davis, CW
Maurizio, C
Unceta, N
Sieber, JR
Long, SE
Donard, OFX
AF Malherbe, Julien
Isaure, Marie-Pierre
Seby, Fabienne
Watson, Russell P.
Rodriguez-Gonzalez, Pablo
Stutzman, Paul E.
Davis, Clay W.
Maurizio, Chiara
Unceta, Nora
Sieber, John R.
Long, Stephen E.
Donard, Olivier F. X.
TI Evaluation of Hexavalent Chromium Extraction Method EPA Method 3060A for
Soils Using XANES Spectroscopy
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ORE PROCESSING RESIDUE; RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; DILUTION
MASS-SPECTROMETRY; FINE-STRUCTURE SPECTROSCOPY; FERROUS SULFATE;
SPECIATION; CR(VI); SAMPLES; STANDARD; CHROMATE
AB Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) occurrence in soils is generally determined using an extraction step to transfer it to the liquid phase where it is more easily detected and quantified. In this work, the performance of the most common extraction procedure (EPA Method 3060A) using NaOH-Na(2)CO(3) solutions is evaluated using X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy (XANES), which enables the quantification of Cr(VI) directly in the solid state. Results obtained with both methods were compared for three solid samples with different matrices: a soil containing chromite ore processing residue (COPR), a loamy soil, and a paint sludge. Results showed that Cr(VI) contents determined by the two methods differ significantly, and that the EPA Method 3060A procedure underestimated the Cr(VI) content in all studied samples. The underestimation is particularly pronounced for COPR Low extraction yield for EPA Method 3060A was found to be the main reason. The Cr(VI) present in COPR was found to be more concentrated in magnetic phases. This work provides new XANES analyses of SRM 2701 and its extraction residues for the purpose of benchmarking EPA 3060A performance.
C1 [Malherbe, Julien; Isaure, Marie-Pierre; Donard, Olivier F. X.] Univ Pau & Pays Adour, CNRS, UMR 5254, Lab Chim Analyt Bioinorgan & Environm,IPREM, F-64053 Pau 9, France.
[Malherbe, Julien; Watson, Russell P.; Davis, Clay W.; Sieber, John R.; Long, Stephen E.] NIST, Div Analyt Chem, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Seby, Fabienne] UT2A, F-64053 Pau 9, France.
[Rodriguez-Gonzalez, Pablo] Univ Oviedo, Dept Quim Fis & Analit, E-33006 Oviedo, Spain.
[Stutzman, Paul E.] NIST, Mat & Construct Res Div, Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Maurizio, Chiara] European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, GILDA Beamline, CNR OGG, F-38043 Grenoble, France.
[Unceta, Nora] Univ Basque Country, Fac Pharm, Dept Analyt Chem, Vitoria, Spain.
RP Malherbe, J (reprint author), Univ Pau & Pays Adour, CNRS, UMR 5254, Lab Chim Analyt Bioinorgan & Environm,IPREM, Helioparc Pau Pyrenees,2,Ave Pierre Angot, F-64053 Pau 9, France.
EM malherbe.julien@hotmail.fr
RI Rodriguez-Gonzalez, Pablo/D-1718-2014; Kirk, Caroline/H-2518-2012;
Watson, Russell/S-2574-2016;
OI Rodriguez-Gonzalez, Pablo/0000-0001-9317-8833; Watson,
Russell/0000-0001-8073-2428; maurizio, chiara/0000-0002-0517-1314
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]
FX Use of the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National
Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract
DE-AC02-98CH10886. We are grateful to Bruce Ravel at NIST beamline X23A2
for his assistance in the setup of experiments and for his help with
Athena software. We also acknowledge the European Synchrotron Radiation
Facility for provision of beam time. Finally, we thank two anonymous
reviewers for their comments contributing to improvement of the
manuscript.
NR 41
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 3
U2 43
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD DEC 15
PY 2011
VL 45
IS 24
BP 10492
EP 10500
DI 10.1021/es201002g
PG 9
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 862TZ
UT WOS:000298118300033
PM 22050765
ER
PT J
AU Mahajan, S
Zhang, R
Delworth, TL
AF Mahajan, Salil
Zhang, Rong
Delworth, Thomas L.
TI Impact of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) on
Arctic Surface Air Temperature and Sea Ice Variability
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID COUPLED CLIMATE MODELS; OCEAN; RAINFALL; INCREASE
AB The simulated impact of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) on the low-frequency variability of the Arctic surface air temperature (SAT) and sea ice extent is studied with a 1000-year-long segment of a control simulation of the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Climate Model version 2.1. The simulated AMOC variations in the control simulation are found to be significantly anticorrelated with the Arctic sea ice extent anomalies and significantly correlated with the Arctic SAT anomalies on decadal time scales in the Atlantic sector of the Arctic. The maximum anticorrelation with the Arctic sea ice extent and the maximum correlation with the Arctic SAT occur when the AMOC index leads by one year. An intensification of the AMOC is associated with a sea ice decline in the Labrador, Greenland, and Barents Seas in the control simulation, with the largest change occurring in winter. The recent declining trend in the satellite-observed sea ice extent also shows a similar pattern in the Atlantic sector of the Arctic in the winter, suggesting the possibility of a role of the AMOC in the recent Arctic sea ice decline in addition to anthropogenic greenhouse-gas-induced warming. However, in the summer, the simulated sea ice response to the AMOC in the Pacific sector of the Arctic is much weaker than the observed declining trend, indicating a stronger role for other climate forcings or variability in the recently observed summer sea ice decline in the Chukchi, Beaufort, East Siberian, and Laptev Seas.
C1 [Mahajan, Salil] Princeton Univ, Atmospher & Ocean Sci Program, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Zhang, Rong; Delworth, Thomas L.] Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
RP Mahajan, S (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, 1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
EM mahajans@ornl.gov
RI Delworth, Thomas/C-5191-2014; Zhang, Rong/D-9767-2014;
OI Zhang, Rong/0000-0002-8493-6556; Mahajan, Salil/0000-0001-5767-8590
FU Princeton University; GFDL/NOAA
FX We thank Keith W. Dixon, John R. Lanzante, Michael Winton, and three
anonymous reviewers, whose suggestions and comments helped improve the
manuscript. Mahajan S. was supported by the Visiting Scientist Program
jointly sponsored by Princeton University and GFDL/NOAA.
NR 36
TC 46
Z9 47
U1 2
U2 29
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD DEC 15
PY 2011
VL 24
IS 24
BP 6573
EP 6581
DI 10.1175/2011JCLI4002.1
PG 9
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 863XJ
UT WOS:000298201300021
ER
PT J
AU Wang, TM
Yang, S
Wen, ZP
Wu, RG
Zhao, P
AF Wang, Tongmei
Yang, Song
Wen, Zhiping
Wu, Renguang
Zhao, Ping
TI Variations of the winter India-Burma Trough and their links to climate
anomalies over southern and eastern Asia
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID TIBETAN PLATEAU; SUMMER MONSOON; WEAKENING TREND; JANUARY 2008; CHINA;
TEMPERATURE; VARIABILITY; CIRCULATION; REANALYSIS; IMPACTS
AB The India-Burma Trough (IBT) plays an important role in affecting the weather and climate over southern and eastern Asia. An index of IBT is defined based on area-mean 700 hPa vorticity, which is superior to the indices based on geopotential height, to measure the interdecadal and interannual variations of the trough and their links to the winter climate anomalies over South, Southeast, and part of East Asia. An analysis of data since 1948 indicates that the IBT has undergone an interdecadal change. The trough since 1978 was almost always stronger than the trough before 1978. Compared to 1949-1977 when the IBT was weak, many different climate features were observed during 1978-2010. An anomalous low-level cyclonic pattern was found over southern Asia; a decreased temperature was observed over the Middle East, the Tibetan Plateau (TP), and south of the plateau; and increased precipitation occurred over portions of Middle East, western Asia, and southern China. Meanwhile, upper-tropospheric westerlies intensified over the Middle East and the TP, and increased (decreased) humidity and enhanced rising (sinking) motion appeared to the east (west) of the trough line. The result also indicates that the interannual correlations between IBT and surface temperature over southern and eastern Asia, and between the IBT and precipitation, were more significant during the strong IBT decades. Furthermore, the features revealed on interannual timescale are similar to those on interdecadal timescale, but the interannual features are clearly more pronounced. Thus, the IBT may be considered as one of the increasingly important factors for interannual predictions of the winter temperature and precipitation over southern Asia.
C1 [Wang, Tongmei; Wen, Zhiping] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Ctr Monsoon & Environm Res, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
[Wu, Renguang] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Inst Space & Earth Informat Sci, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
[Yang, Song] NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[Zhao, Ping] China Meteorol Adm, Natl Meteorol Informat Ctr, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China.
[Wu, Renguang] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
RP Wang, TM (reprint author), Sun Yat Sen Univ, Ctr Monsoon & Environm Res, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
EM song.yang@noaa.gov
RI Yang, Song/B-4952-2009
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41075054, 40925015,
40730951]; Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province
[8451027501001444]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central
Universities
FX The authors thank Jiepeng Chen for her technical assistance. This study
was jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (grants 41075054, 40925015, and 40730951), the Natural Science
Foundation of Guangdong Province (grant 8451027501001444), and the
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
NR 40
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 14
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD DEC 15
PY 2011
VL 116
AR D23118
DI 10.1029/2011JD016373
PG 13
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 864QQ
UT WOS:000298255300007
ER
PT J
AU Stoudt, MR
Levine, LE
Creuziger, A
Hubbard, JB
AF Stoudt, M. R.
Levine, L. E.
Creuziger, A.
Hubbard, J. B.
TI The fundamental relationships between grain orientation,
deformation-induced surface roughness and strain localization in an
aluminum alloy
SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES
MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
LA English
DT Article
DE EBSD; Mechanical characterization; Aluminum alloys; Sheet forming;
Plasticity
ID PLASTIC STRAIN; SHEET; MODEL; SIZE; SUBSTRUCTURE; POLYCRYSTALS;
NUCLEATION; PREDICTION; EVOLUTION; BEHAVIOR
AB Polycrystalline AA6022 tensile specimens were cut from sheet stock, mechanically polished, and uniaxially strained in situ under a scanning laser confocal microscope (SLCM) using a sub-sized universal testing apparatus. Prior to deformation, electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) was performed on the gauge sections of one specimen in the rolling direction of the sheet and one in the transverse direction. Maps of the largest displacements in the surface morphology were constructed from the SLCM data and overlaid onto maps derived from the crystallographic orientation data to examine the strength of the influence that grain orientation effects have on critical strain localization. The roles of Taylor factors, grain boundary misorientation, largest Schmid factors, grain sizes, coincident site lattice orientations, and local grain breakup were considered. The largest surface displacements were observed to be concentrated at triple junctions where there is a large difference between the Taylor factors of the individual grains. The high degree of correlation between the density and location of these large surface displacements and the local plasticity conditions indicate that a critical localization event is most likely to initiate in grain boundary regions where unfavorable slip interactions produce the largest plastic strains. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Stoudt, M. R.; Levine, L. E.; Creuziger, A.; Hubbard, J. B.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, NIST Ctr Met Forming, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Creuziger, A.] Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA.
RP Stoudt, MR (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, NIST Ctr Met Forming, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM stoudt@nist.gov
FU National Science Foundation, Division of Materials Research
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the contributions of S. M. Olson
of the Materials Science and Engineering Department at Lehigh University
who performed the mechanical tests, as well as the initial SLCM and EBSD
measurements. Mr. Olson was supported in part by the National Science
Foundation's Research Experience for Undergraduates (REU) program,
Division of Materials Research.
NR 39
TC 20
Z9 22
U1 2
U2 32
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 0921-5093
J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT
JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process.
PD DEC 15
PY 2011
VL 530
BP 107
EP 116
DI 10.1016/j.msea.2011.09.050
PG 10
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
GA 865KZ
UT WOS:000298311100013
ER
PT J
AU Powell, EN
Staff, GM
Callender, WR
Ashton-Alcox, KA
Brett, CE
Parsons-Hubbard, KM
Walker, SE
Raymond, A
AF Powell, Eric N.
Staff, George M.
Callender, W. Russell
Ashton-Alcox, Kathryn A.
Brett, Carlton E.
Parsons-Hubbard, Karla M.
Walker, Sally E.
Raymond, Anne
TI Taphonomic degradation of molluscan remains during thirteen years on the
continental shelf and slope of the northwestern Gulf of Mexico
SO PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Taphonomy; Discoloration; Continental shelf; Continental slope;
Preservation; Taphofacies; Dissolution; Shell carbonate; Burial;
Mollusk; Long-term experiment
ID GARDEN BRINE SEEP; SEDIMENT-WATER-INTERFACE; BAHIA-LA-CHOYA; FOSSIL
RECORD; SEA-FLOOR; OYSTER SHELL; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; BIVALVE TAPHONOMY;
DEATH ASSEMBLAGES; CARBONATE CRUSTS
AB In 1993, SSETI (Shelf and Slope Experimental Taphonomy initiative) deployed shells of a suite of molluscan species in a variety of environments of preservation (EOPs) covering a range of depths and sediment types on the Gulf of Mexico continental shelf and upper slope, with the goal of measuring taphonomic rates over an extended period of time. SSETI retrieved shells from these EOPs after 2, 8, and 13 years. The degree of shell degradation was significantly influenced by species, elapsed time-since-deployment, and EOP. A suite of 'physical' taphonomic processes, such as dissolution, abrasion, discoloration, and edge alteration, increased in severity over the 13 years; fragmentation occurred in some species. Dissolution proceeded apace; however the incidence of chalkiness declined from high levels observed after a few years while the more extreme levels of dissolution, such as the development of a soft or deeply-dissolved surface, rose significantly in frequency. The incidence of original color declined, while fading of original color increased. Brown-to-red and green discoloration rose rapidly in the first eight years and then declined, leaving a faded shell surface. Between-habitat differences in degradation rate were significant for most taphonomic attributes. Between-species differences were minor in comparison. Thus, taphofacies, the product of the independent actions of a suite of taphonomic processes, originate from and provide information on environmental conditions. Species composition has a lesser inherent influence on the outcome. Not uncommonly, the rates of change in shell condition differed significantly between EOPs although the direction of change was coincident. This was particularly true of the summary indices such as maximum discoloration or the average degree of dissolution. The taphonomic process is nonlinear in time. Nonlinearity is EOP-dependent, becoming a defining attribute leading to disparate taphofacies types. Some taphonomic processes cannot proceed expeditiously without prior alteration of the shell through other taphonomic means. Some taphonomic conditions such as chalkiness can be intermediate states. The presumption that similar taphonomic characteristics between EOPs indicate similar environmental processes operating at similar rates is falsified by SSETI sites in which similar taphonomic indices at Year 13 accrued from different time-varying degradational rates during the preceding years. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Powell, Eric N.; Ashton-Alcox, Kathryn A.] Rutgers State Univ, Haskin Shellfish Res Lab, Port Norris, NJ 08349 USA.
[Brett, Carlton E.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Geol, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
[Parsons-Hubbard, Karla M.] Oberlin Coll, Dept Geol, Oberlin, OH 44074 USA.
[Callender, W. Russell] NOAA, Ctr Coastal Monitoring & Assessment N SCI1, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Staff, George M.] Austin Community Coll, Dept Geol, Austin, TX 78758 USA.
[Walker, Sally E.] Univ Georgia, Dept Geol, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Raymond, Anne] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
RP Powell, EN (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Haskin Shellfish Res Lab, 6959 Miller Ave, Port Norris, NJ 08349 USA.
EM eric@hsrl.rutgers.edu
FU NOAA; National Science Foundation; NURP
FX The submersible work required for the deployment and recovery of
experiments was made possible through a series of grants from NOAA's
National Undersea Research Programs at the University of North Carolina
at Wilmington and the National Science Foundation-Geology and
Paleontology Program. We would like to thank the NSF and NURP for the
consistent funding of the four major field efforts that permitted
deployment and recovery over such a large regional area. We would like
to thank the support crews of the Johnson-Sea-Link submersible and
support vessels.
NR 139
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 2
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0031-0182
J9 PALAEOGEOGR PALAEOCL
JI Paleogeogr. Paleoclimatol. Paleoecol.
PD DEC 15
PY 2011
VL 312
IS 3-4
SI SI
BP 209
EP 232
DI 10.1016/j.palaeo.2010.12.006
PG 24
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Paleontology
SC Physical Geography; Geology; Paleontology
GA 868NX
UT WOS:000298531100002
ER
PT J
AU Powell, EN
Staff, GM
Callender, WR
Ashton-Alcox, KA
Brett, CE
Parsons-Hubbard, KM
Walker, SE
Raymond, A
AF Powell, Eric N.
Staff, George M.
Callender, W. Russell
Ashton-Alcox, Kathryn A.
Brett, Carlton E.
Parsons-Hubbard, Karla M.
Walker, Sally E.
Raymond, Anne
TI The influence of molluscan taxon on taphofacies development over a broad
range of environments of preservation: The SSETI experience
SO PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Taphonomy; Discoloration; Continental shelf; Continental slope;
Preservation; Taphofacies; Dissolution; Shell carbonate; Carbonate bank;
Long-term experiment
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; GARDEN BRINE SEEP; QUANTIFYING TAPHONOMIC BIAS; MARINE
DEATH ASSEMBLAGES; UPPER CHESAPEAKE BAY; LEE STOCKING ISLAND;
BAHIA-LA-CHOYA; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; PALEOCOMMUNITY RECONSTRUCTION;
MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES
AB We utilize information from a suite of molluscan species deployed in a variety of Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico environments of preservation (EOP) by SSETI (Shelf and Slope Experimental Taphonomy Initiative) to examine to what degree interpretation of the taphofacies is influenced by the mix of species presented to the observer. The environment of preservation was the overwhelming determinant of taphonomic state at SSETI sites. Species mix played a subsidiary role. A few consistent trends were observed: for example, Arctica islandica, Strombus luhuanus, Mytilus edulis, and Mercenaria mercenaria tended to be more highly dissolved than others. Mytilus edulis consistently was fragmented more than other species. Otherwise, most species behaved uniquely over a range of EOPs: significant species by EOP interactions were the norm. A taphofacies model is developed to examine further the role of species on the degradational state of the assemblage. Two metrics are described: a taphonomic degradation score describes the overall degradational state of the assemblage from pristine to highly degraded; and a taphonomic signature describes the relative importance of a suite of taphonomic processes. Model simulations show that the impact of species on degradational state is low initially because all shells are in relatively pristine condition shortly after death. The impact is high at intermediate degradational states because factors inherent to the species modulate the time course of taphonomic decay. The impact is low again at highly degraded assemblages, as the taphonomic process brings shell condition to a common denominator of relatively intense degradation regardless of species. Fossil assemblages almost certainly express this continuum in some degree. The consequence is that better preserved assemblages are ones in which species can affect taphofacies character and so similar EOPs may be judged distinctive due to differential dominance by one species or another. Teasing out characteristics that might forewarn the observer in this instance is an important goal. Simulations show that low evenness is an important warning sign. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Powell, Eric N.; Ashton-Alcox, Kathryn A.] Rutgers State Univ, Haskin Shellfish Res Lab, Port Norris, NJ 08349 USA.
[Brett, Carlton E.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Geol, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
[Parsons-Hubbard, Karla M.] Oberlin Coll, Dept Geol, Oberlin, OH 44074 USA.
[Callender, W. Russell] NOAA, Ctr Coastal Monitoring & Assessment N SCI1, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Staff, George M.] Austin Community Coll, Dept Geol, Austin, TX 78758 USA.
[Walker, Sally E.] Univ Georgia, Dept Geol, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Raymond, Anne] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
RP Powell, EN (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Haskin Shellfish Res Lab, 6959 Miller Ave, Port Norris, NJ 08349 USA.
EM eric@hsrl.rutgers.edu
FU NOAA; National Science Foundation (NSF) [EAR-0345618]; NURP
FX The submersible work required for the deployment and recovery of
experiments was made possible through a series of grants from NOAA's
National Undersea Research Programs at the University of North Carolina
at Wilmington and at the Caribbean Marine Research Center and the
National Science Foundation-Geology and Paleontology Program.
Thirteen-year collections were supported by NSF grant #EAR-0345618. We
would like to thank the NSF and NURP for the consistent funding of the
four major field efforts that permitted deployment and recovery over
such a large regional area. We particularly would like to thank the
support crews of the Johnson-Sea-Link submersible and support vessel.
NR 146
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0031-0182
J9 PALAEOGEOGR PALAEOCL
JI Paleogeogr. Paleoclimatol. Paleoecol.
PD DEC 15
PY 2011
VL 312
IS 3-4
SI SI
BP 233
EP 264
DI 10.1016/j.palaeo.2011.01.008
PG 32
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Paleontology
SC Physical Geography; Geology; Paleontology
GA 868NX
UT WOS:000298531100003
ER
PT J
AU Petrenko, B
Ignatov, A
Shabanov, N
Kihai, Y
AF Petrenko, B.
Ignatov, A.
Shabanov, N.
Kihai, Y.
TI Development and evaluation of SST algorithms for GOES-R ABI using MSG
SEVIRI as a proxy
SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Sea surface temperature; MSG SEVIRI; GOES-R ABI; Regression; Optimal
Estimation
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; SAHARAN DUST; SATELLITES; BIASES; AATSR
AB Cross-evaluation of sea surface temperature (SST) algorithms was undertaken using split-window channels of Meteosat Second Generation Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) as a proxy for the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites-R (GOES-R) Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI). The goal of the study was to select the algorithm which provides the highest and the most uniform SST accuracy within the area observed by the geostationary sensor. The previously established algorithms, such as Non-Linear Regression (NLR) and Optimal Estimation (OE) were implemented along with two new algorithms, Incremental Regression (IncR) and Corrected Non-Linear Regression (CNLR), developed within preparations for the GOES-R ABI mission. OE. IncR and CNLR adopt the first guesses for SST and brightness temperatures (BT) and retrieve deviations of SST from the first guess (increments). OE retrieves SST increments with inversion of the radiative transfer model, whereas CNLR and IncR use regression equations. The difference between CNLR and IncR is that CNLR uses NLR coefficients, whereas IncR implies optimization of coefficients specifically for incremental formulation. Accuracy and precision of SST retrievals were evaluated by comparison with drifting buoys. The major observations from this study are as follows: 1) all algorithms adopting first guesses for SST and BTs are capable of improving SST accuracy and precision over NLR; and 2) IncR delivers the highest overall SST precision and the most uniform distributions of regional SST accuracy and precision. This paper also addresses implementation and validation issues such as bias correction in simulated BTs; preserving sensitivity of incremental SST retrievals to true SST variations; and selection of criteria for optimization and validation of incremental algorithms. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Petrenko, B.; Ignatov, A.; Shabanov, N.; Kihai, Y.] NOAA, NESDIS, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Petrenko, B.; Shabanov, N.] IMSG Inc, Kensington, MD USA.
[Kihai, Y.] Dell Perot Govt Syst, Fairfax, VA USA.
RP Petrenko, B (reprint author), Room 601-4,5200 Auth Rd, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
EM boris.petrenko@noaa.gov
RI Ignatov, Alexander/F-5594-2010
OI Ignatov, Alexander/0000-0002-7463-5944
FU GOES-R Program Office
FX This work was conducted under the Algorithm Working Group (AWG) funded
by the GOES-R Program Office. We thank the AWG Managers, Drs. Mitch
Goldberg and Jaime Daniels, and our colleagues John Sapper
(NESDIS/OSPO), XingMing Liang, Feng Xu, Prasanjit Dash (STAR/CIRA), John
Stroup (STAR/SSAI), and Denise Frey (OSPO/DPGS) for their valuable
assistance, discussions, and feedback at different stages of work. We
also thank Professor Peter Minnett, and three anonymous reviewers of
this manuscript, for their very constructive recommendations which
greatly helped us to rethink and rewrite the text. The views, opinions,
and findings contained in this paper are those of the authors and should
not be construed as an official NOAA or US Government position, policy,
or decision.
NR 36
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0034-4257
J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON
JI Remote Sens. Environ.
PD DEC 15
PY 2011
VL 115
IS 12
BP 3647
EP 3658
DI 10.1016/j.rse.2011.09.003
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA 865LB
UT WOS:000298311300057
ER
PT J
AU Coll, M
Gergel-Hackett, N
Richter, CA
Hacker, CA
AF Coll, Mariona
Gergel-Hackett, Nadine
Richter, Curt A.
Hacker, Christina A.
TI Structural and Electrical Properties of Flip Chip Laminated
Metal-Molecule-Silicon Structures Varying Molecular Backbone and Atomic
Tether
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
LA English
DT Article
ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; HYDROGEN-TERMINATED SILICON; BARE
SEMICONDUCTOR SURFACES; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; ORGANIC MONOLAYERS;
SI(111) SURFACES; ELECTRONIC JUNCTIONS; MULTILAYER FORMATION; FORCE
MICROSCOPY; ALKYL MONOLAYERS
AB Formation of electrical contacts to organic molecules by using a scalable technique that preserves molecular integrity is a key development toward reliable fabrication of nanoscale molecular architectures. Here we report the structural and electrical properties of metal-monolayer-silicon junctions fabricated by using Flip Chip Lamination (FCL), a novel, low cost, and nondestructive approach. The effect of junction formation is studied with both aliphatic and aromatic molecular backbones. The omega-functionalized monolayers are first formed on ultrasmooth gold via a thiol linkage and then laminated to H-Si via a thiol or alkene linkage. The application of pressure and temperature enables formation of the nanoscale molecular junctions chemically tethered to two electrodes. The molecular structure and interfacial chemistry within the electrical structure are investigated by using polarized backside-reflection absorption infrared spectroscopy (pb-RAIRS) and current-voltage (I-V) measurements. The confined organic monolayers maintain an overall structure similar to the original self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on gold with small changes in the configuration of the molecular backbone attributed to lamination and bonding of the molecular terminal group to silicon and exhibiting electrical dielectric integrity. The optimal lamination conditions for each monolayer are dependent on the surface free energy, monolayer conformation, ambient conditions, and reaction of the molecular functionality with the silicon substrate. We demonstrate the structural and electrical integrity at the monolayer level of a variety of organic molecules bonded to both silicon and metal electrodes by probing the effect of molecular backbone (aliphatic vs aromatic) and molecule-electrode interface. FCL enables formation of an extended variety of molecular junctions to identify the critical factors in charge transport across metal-molecule-silicon nanoelectronic architectures.
C1 [Coll, Mariona; Gergel-Hackett, Nadine; Richter, Curt A.; Hacker, Christina A.] NIST, Div Semicond Elect, Phys Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Hacker, CA (reprint author), NIST, Div Semicond Elect, Phys Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM christina.hacker@nist.gov
RI Coll, Mariona/C-5350-2012
OI Coll, Mariona/0000-0001-5157-7764
NR 142
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 24
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1932-7447
J9 J PHYS CHEM C
JI J. Phys. Chem. C
PD DEC 15
PY 2011
VL 115
IS 49
BP 24353
EP 24365
DI 10.1021/jp208275c
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 856AQ
UT WOS:000297609000040
ER
PT J
AU Godoy-Ruiz, R
Krejcirikova, A
Gallagher, DT
Tugarinov, V
AF Godoy-Ruiz, Raquel
Krejcirikova, Anna
Gallagher, D. Travis
Tugarinov, Vitali
TI Solution NMR Evidence for Symmetry in Functionally or
Crystallographically Asymmetric Homodimers
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSFER-RNA-SYNTHETASE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; OLIGOMERIC ENZYMES; TYROSYL
ADENYLATE; METHYL-GROUPS; DNA-BINDING; PROTEIN; ACTIVATION; DOMAIN; CAMP
AB A recurrent theme of many structural studies of homo-oligomeric protein systems is concerned with verification that the conformation observed in a crystal represents the functionally relevant structure. An asymmetric conformation adopted by two chemically identical subunits in homo-oligomers can represent an intrinsic property of a protein or be an artifact induced by crystal packing forces. Solution NMR studies can distinguish between these two possibilities. Using methyl-based NMR spectroscopy, we provide evidence for symmetry in the absence of ligands in several homodimeric proteins that are either asymmetric functionally and/or adopt different conformations of the two subunits in available X-ray structures.
C1 [Godoy-Ruiz, Raquel; Krejcirikova, Anna; Tugarinov, Vitali] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Gallagher, D. Travis] NIST, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Tugarinov, V (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM vitali@umd.edu
NR 29
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0002-7863
J9 J AM CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD DEC 14
PY 2011
VL 133
IS 49
BP 19578
EP 19581
DI 10.1021/ja206967d
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 871ED
UT WOS:000298719800004
PM 22074452
ER
PT J
AU Fister, TT
Schmidt, M
Fenter, P
Johnson, CS
Slater, MD
Chan, MKY
Shirley, EL
AF Fister, Tim T.
Schmidt, Moritz
Fenter, Paul
Johnson, Chris S.
Slater, Michael D.
Chan, Maria K. Y.
Shirley, Eric L.
TI Electronic structure of lithium battery interphase compounds: Comparison
between inelastic x-ray scattering measurements and theory
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID LI-ION BATTERIES; RAMAN-SCATTERING; ABSORPTION; SPECTRA; DENSITY
AB In lithium ion batteries, decomposition of the electrolyte and its associated passivation of the electrode surface occurs at low potentials, resulting in an electronically insulating, but Li-ion conducting, solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). The products of the SEI and their chemical constituents/properties play an important role in the long-term stability and performance of the battery. Reactivity and the sub-keV core binding energies of lithium, carbon, oxygen, and fluorine species in the SEI present technical challenges in the spectroscopy of these compounds. Using an alternative approach, non-resonant inelastic x-ray scattering, we examine the near-edge spectra of bulk specimens of common SEI compounds, including LiF, Li(2)CO(3), LiOH, LiOH center dot H(2)O, and Li(2)O. By working at hard x-ray energies, we also experimentally differentiate the s- and p-symmetry components of lithium's unoccupied states using the evolution of its K edge with momentum transfer. We find good agreement with theoretical spectra calculated using a Bethe-Salpeter approach in all cases. These results provide an analytical and diagnostic foundation for better understanding of the makeup of SEIs and the mechanism of their formation. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3664620]
C1 [Fister, Tim T.; Schmidt, Moritz; Fenter, Paul; Johnson, Chris S.; Slater, Michael D.] Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Chan, Maria K. Y.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Shirley, Eric L.] NIST, Opt Technol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Fister, TT (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Chem Sci & Engn Div, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
EM fister@anl.gov
RI Slater, Michael/D-5388-2012; Chan, Maria /B-7940-2011; Schmidt,
Moritz/C-2610-2011; Nordlund, Dennis/A-8902-2008;
OI Chan, Maria /0000-0003-0922-1363; Schmidt, Moritz/0000-0002-8419-0811;
Nordlund, Dennis/0000-0001-9524-6908; Fenter, Paul/0000-0002-6672-9748
FU Center for Electrical Energy Storage-Tailored Interfaces, an Energy
Frontier Research Center; (U.S.) Department of Energy, Basic Energy
Sciences [DE-AC02- 06CH11]; (U.S.) Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; (U.S.)
Department of Energy; NSERC
FX This research was supported as a part of the Center for Electrical
Energy Storage-Tailored Interfaces, an Energy Frontier Research Center
funded by the (U.S.) Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences under
award number DE-AC02- 06CH11. The use of the Center for Nanoscale
Materials was supported by the (U.S.) Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No.
DE-AC02-06CH11357. The beamline staff at 20ID, Advanced Photon Source
provided valuable assistance. Research at sector 20 is supported by the
(U.S.) Department of Energy, NSERC, and its founding institutions.
NR 32
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 54
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD DEC 14
PY 2011
VL 135
IS 22
AR 224513
DI 10.1063/1.3664620
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 864OX
UT WOS:000298250600037
PM 22168709
ER
PT J
AU Thompson, WE
Jacox, ME
AF Thompson, Warren E.
Jacox, Marilyn E.
TI The infrared spectrum of NN center dot center dot center dot CO+ trapped
in solid neon
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRON-SPIN-RESONANCE; NEUTRAL REACTION-PRODUCTS; VIBRATIONAL-SPECTRA;
NITROSYL CYANIDE; IONS; ENERGY; MATRICES; N2CO; 4-K; (H2O)-O-16
AB Codeposition of a Ne:N-2:CO = 200:1:1 mixture at 4.3 K with a beam of very pure neon atoms excited to their energy levels between 16.6 and 16.85 eV leads to stabilization in the resulting solid of sufficient NNCO+ for detection of its NN- and CO-stretching vibration fundamentals. Detailed isotopic substitution studies and density functional calculations for the various isotopologues support the identification of NNCO+ and permit estimation of the positions of two of its low-frequency fundamentals. A sufficient concentration of NOCN is also stabilized in the neon matrix for detection of its NO-stretching vibrational fundamental. [doi: 10.1063/1.3666046]
C1 [Thompson, Warren E.; Jacox, Marilyn E.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Sensor Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Thompson, WE (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Sensor Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM marilyn.jacox@nist.gov
NR 33
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD DEC 14
PY 2011
VL 135
IS 22
AR 224307
DI 10.1063/1.3666046
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 864OX
UT WOS:000298250600022
PM 22168694
ER
PT J
AU Villarini, G
Smith, JA
Baeck, ML
Marchok, T
Vecchi, GA
AF Villarini, Gabriele
Smith, James A.
Baeck, Mary Lynn
Marchok, Timothy
Vecchi, Gabriel A.
TI Characterization of rainfall distribution and flooding associated with
US landfalling tropical cyclones: Analyses of Hurricanes Frances, Ivan,
and Jeanne (2004)
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID POTENTIAL TRAP TECHNIQUE; UNITED-STATES; PRECIPITATION DISTRIBUTION;
EXTRATROPICAL TRANSITION; SATELLITE-OBSERVATIONS; EXTREME RAINFALL;
FLOYD 1999; PART I; TRMM; EVOLUTION
AB Rainfall and flooding associated with landfalling tropical cyclones are examined through empirical analyses of three hurricanes (Frances, Ivan, and Jeanne) that affected large portions of the eastern U. S. during September 2004. Three rainfall products are considered for the analyses: NLDAS, Stage IV, and TMPA. Each of these products has strengths and weaknesses related to their spatio-temporal resolution and accuracy in estimating rainfall. Based on our analyses, we recommend using the Stage IV product when studying rainfall distribution in landfalling tropical cyclones due to its fine spatial and temporal resolutions (about 4-km and hourly) and accuracy, and the capability of estimating rainfall up to 150 km from the coast. Lagrangian analyses of rainfall distribution relative to the track of the storm are developed to represent evolution of the temporal and spatial structure of rainfall. Analyses highlight the profound changes in rainfall distribution near landfall, the changing contributions to the rainfall field from eyewall convection, inner rain bands and outer rain bands, and the key role of orographic amplification of rainfall. We also present new methods for examining spatial extreme of flooding from tropical cyclones and illustrate the links between evolving rainfall structure and spatial extent of flooding.
C1 [Villarini, Gabriele; Smith, James A.; Baeck, Mary Lynn] Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Villarini, Gabriele] Willis Res Network, London, England.
[Marchok, Timothy; Vecchi, Gabriel A.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08542 USA.
RP Villarini, G (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM gvillari@princeton.edu
RI Vecchi, Gabriel/A-2413-2008; Villarini, Gabriele/F-8069-2016
OI Vecchi, Gabriel/0000-0002-5085-224X; Villarini,
Gabriele/0000-0001-9566-2370
FU Willis Research Network; National Science Foundation [EAR-0847347,
CMMI-0653772]; NASA
FX This research was funded in part by the Willis Research Network, the
National Science Foundation (grant EAR-0847347 and grant CMMI-0653772),
and NASA.
NR 55
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 1
U2 18
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD DEC 14
PY 2011
VL 116
AR D23116
DI 10.1029/2011JD016175
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 864QC
UT WOS:000298253800003
ER
PT J
AU Hu, HG
Wang, J
Wang, DR
AF Hu, Haoguo
Wang, Jia
Wang, Dao-Ru
TI A model-data study of the 1999 St. Lawrence Island polynya in the Bering
Sea
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID OCEAN COUPLED MODEL; ICE COVER; LABRADOR SEA; ARCTIC-OCEAN; THICKNESS;
CIRCULATION; SIMULATION; PACIFIC; ALASKAN; LAYER
AB A Coupled Ice Ocean Model (CIOM) and in situ measurements were used to investigate sea ice and the St. Lawrence Island polynya (SLIP) in the Bering Sea in 1999. The modeled 1999 seasonal cycle of ice cover compared well with satellite measurements. The simulated maximum sea ice coverage was similar to 0.8 x 10(6) km(2), and the simulated maximum sea ice volume was similar to 344 km(3). The polynya south of St. Lawrence Island was captured by the CIOM and investigated in depth against the measurements. It was found that an offshore wind was necessary, but not sufficient on its own, for the development of the SLIP. It was found that a strong offshore wind, offshore surface water velocity, and the angle (<60 degrees) between wind and water current are the three major factors for the development of the SLIP. Multiple-variable, linear regression models were developed to confirm these three mechanisms. Yearly potential sea ice production in the SLIP area was estimated to be about 95.7 km(3), which accounts for 2.8% of the total potential production of 3393 km(3) in the whole Bering Sea. Sea ice contributes to approximately 63% of winter salinity changes in the Bering Shelf (<200 m), while the SLIP can contribute more than twice the local salinity changes. The relationships among wind, sea ice, and surface ocean current were examined. The classic Ekman drift theory (that surface water velocity drifts 45 degrees to the right of the wind direction) is modified to be 50.4 degrees on the ice-covered Bering Shelf due to the year-round existence of a background northward ocean transport.
C1 [Wang, Jia] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[Wang, Dao-Ru] Hainan Marine Dev & Design Inst, Haikou 570125, Hainan, Peoples R China.
[Hu, Haoguo] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosyst Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
RP Wang, J (reprint author), NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, 4840 S State Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
EM hghu@umich.edu; jia.wang@noaa.gov
FU NOAA RUSALCA
FX We appreciate support from NOAA RUSALCA (Russian-American Long-term
Census of the Arctic) International Polar Year modeling project. Thanks
also go to Seth Danielson for providing the data and comments on the
first draft, Xuezhi Bai for conducting the regression model simulations,
and Cathy Darnell and Ray Assel for editing this manuscript. This is
GLERL contribution 1602.
NR 41
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD DEC 14
PY 2011
VL 116
AR C12018
DI 10.1029/2011JC007309
PG 17
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 864PS
UT WOS:000298252800002
ER
PT J
AU Scholz, NL
Myers, MS
McCarthy, SG
Labenia, JS
McIntyre, JK
Ylitalo, GM
Rhodes, LD
Laetz, CA
Stehr, CM
French, BL
McMillan, B
Wilson, D
Reed, L
Lynch, KD
Damm, S
Davis, JW
Collier, TK
AF Scholz, Nathaniel L.
Myers, Mark S.
McCarthy, Sarah G.
Labenia, Jana S.
McIntyre, Jenifer K.
Ylitalo, Gina M.
Rhodes, Linda D.
Laetz, Cathy A.
Stehr, Carla M.
French, Barbara L.
McMillan, Bill
Wilson, Dean
Reed, Laura
Lynch, Katherine D.
Damm, Steve
Davis, Jay W.
Collier, Tracy K.
TI Recurrent Die-Offs of Adult Coho Salmon Returning to Spawn in Puget
Sound Lowland Urban Streams
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; SOCKEYE-SALMON; ONCORHYNCHUS SPP.;
PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; FRASER-RIVER; STORM WATER; TOXICITY; EXPOSURE;
METALS; ASSAY
AB Several Seattle-area streams in Puget Sound were the focus of habitat restoration projects in the 1990s. Post-project effectiveness monitoring surveys revealed anomalous behaviors among adult coho salmon returning to spawn in restored reaches. These included erratic surface swimming, gaping, fin splaying, and loss of orientation and equilibrium. Affected fish died within hours, and female carcasses generally showed high rates (>90%) of egg retention. Beginning in the fall of 2002, systematic spawner surveys were conducted to 1) assess the severity of the adult die-offs, 2) compare spawner mortality in urban vs. non-urban streams, and 3) identify water quality and spawner condition factors that might be associated with the recurrent fish kills. The forensic investigation focused on conventional water quality parameters (e. g., dissolved oxygen, temperature, ammonia), fish condition, pathogen exposure and disease status, and exposures to metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and current use pesticides. Daily surveys of a representative urban stream (Longfellow Creek) from 2002-2009 revealed premature spawner mortality rates that ranged from 60-100% of each fall run. The comparable rate in a non-urban stream was,1% (Fortson Creek, surveyed in 2002). Conventional water quality, pesticide exposure, disease, and spawner condition showed no relationship to the syndrome. Coho salmon did show evidence of exposure to metals and petroleum hydrocarbons, both of which commonly originate from motor vehicles in urban landscapes. The weight of evidence suggests that freshwater-transitional coho are particularly vulnerable to an as-yet unidentified toxic contaminant (or contaminant mixture) in urban runoff. Stormwater may therefore place important constraints on efforts to conserve and recover coho populations in urban and urbanizing watersheds throughout the western United States.
C1 [Scholz, Nathaniel L.; Myers, Mark S.; Labenia, Jana S.; McIntyre, Jenifer K.; Ylitalo, Gina M.; Rhodes, Linda D.; Laetz, Cathy A.; Stehr, Carla M.; French, Barbara L.; Collier, Tracy K.] NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA USA.
[McCarthy, Sarah G.; Wilson, Dean] King Cty, Dept Nat Resources & Pk, Seattle, WA USA.
[McMillan, Bill] Wild Fish Conservancy, Duvall, WA USA.
[Reed, Laura; Lynch, Katherine D.] City Seattle, Seattle Publ Util, Seattle, WA USA.
[Damm, Steve; Davis, Jay W.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Washington Fish & Wildlife Off, Lacey, WA USA.
RP Scholz, NL (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA USA.
EM Nathaniel.Scholz@noaa.gov
RI Scholz, Nathaniel/L-1642-2013;
OI Scholz, Nathaniel/0000-0001-6207-0272; Rhodes, Linda/0000-0003-4995-9426
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service National Contaminants Program; U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency Region; King Conservation District
FX This project received agency funding from the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (Coastal Storms Program), the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service National Contaminants Program, the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency Region 10, and the King Conservation District. Funds
were delivered via interagency agreements, so grant numbers are not
applicable. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and
analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 43
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 5
U2 72
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD DEC 14
PY 2011
VL 6
IS 12
AR e28013
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0028013
PG 12
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 866GS
UT WOS:000298369100018
PM 22194802
ER
PT J
AU Yin, BS
Min, QL
Duan, MZ
Bartholomew, MJ
Vogelmann, AM
Turner, DD
AF Yin, Bangsheng
Min, Qilong
Duan, Minzheng
Bartholomew, M. J.
Vogelmann, A. M.
Turner, D. D.
TI Retrievals of cloud optical depth and effective radius from Thin-Cloud
Rotating Shadowband Radiometer measurements
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID EMITTED RADIANCE INTERFEROMETER; AEROSOL; INSTRUMENT; AUREOLE; LIDAR
AB A Thin-Cloud Rotating Shadowband Radiometer (TCRSR) was developed and deployed in a field test at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Climate Research Facility's Southern Great Plains site. The TCRSR measures the forward-scattering lobe of the direct solar beam (i.e., the solar aureole) through an optically thin cloud (optical depth < 8). We applied the retrieval algorithm of Min and Duan (2005) to the TCRSR measurements of the solar aureole to derive simultaneously the cloud optical depth (COD) and cloud drop effective radius (DER), subsequently inferring the cloud liquid-water path (LWP). After careful calibration and preprocessing, our results indicate that the TCRSR is able to retrieve simultaneously these three properties for optically thin water clouds. Colocated instruments, such as the MultiFilter Rotating Shadowband Radiometer (MFRSR), atmospheric emitted radiance interferometer (AERI), and Microwave Radiometer (MWR), are used to evaluate our retrieval results. The relative difference between retrieved CODs from the TCRSR and those from the MFRSR is less than 5%. The distribution of retrieved LWPs from the TCRSR is similar to those from the MWR and AERI. The differences between the TCRSR-based retrieved DERs and those from the AERI are apparent in some time periods, and the uncertainties of the DER retrievals are discussed in detail in this article.
C1 [Yin, Bangsheng; Min, Qilong] SUNY Albany, Atmospher Sci Res Ctr, Albany, NY 12203 USA.
[Duan, Minzheng] Chinese Acad Sci, Lab Middle Atmosphere & Global Environm Observat, Inst Atmospher Phys, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China.
[Bartholomew, M. J.; Vogelmann, A. M.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
[Turner, D. D.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Turner, D. D.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Atmospher & Ocean Sci Dept, Madison, WI USA.
RP Yin, BS (reprint author), SUNY Albany, Atmospher Sci Res Ctr, 251 Fuller Rd, Albany, NY 12203 USA.
EM min@asrc.albany.edu
RI Vogelmann, Andrew/M-8779-2014
OI Vogelmann, Andrew/0000-0003-1918-5423
FU U.S. Department of Energy (Office of Science, OBER) [DE-FG02-03ER63531];
NOAA; Minority Serving Institutions (EPP/MSI) [NA17AE1625, NA17AE1623];
[DE-AC02-98CH10886]; [DE-FG02-08ER64538]
FX We thank R. M. Reynolds for his assistance in examining the sweep
behavior. The data used in these analyses were from the U.S. Department
of Energy's ACRF site at the SGP. This work was supported by the U.S.
Department of Energy's Atmospheric System Research program (Office of
Science, OBER) under contract DE-FG02-03ER63531 and by the NOAA
Educational Partnership Program with Minority Serving Institutions
(EPP/MSI) under cooperative agreements NA17AE1625 and NA17AE1623;
contributions from M.J.B. and A. M. V. were supported by
DE-AC02-98CH10886, and contributions from D. D. T. were supported by
DE-FG02-08ER64538.
NR 21
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 5
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD DEC 13
PY 2011
VL 116
AR D23208
DI 10.1029/2011JD016192
PG 9
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 864QB
UT WOS:000298253700003
ER
PT J
AU Zou, CZ
Wang, WH
AF Zou, Cheng-Zhi
Wang, Wenhui
TI Intersatellite calibration of AMSU-A observations for weather and
climate applications
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID MICROWAVE SOUNDING UNIT; MSU CHANNEL-2; SATELLITE; TEMPERATURES;
CONSTRUCTION; VALIDATION; SOUNDERS; SYSTEM; TOVS
AB Long-term observations from the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A (AMSU-A) onboard polar-orbiting satellites NOAA 15, 16, 17, and 18 and European Meteorological Operational satellite program-A (MetOp-A) were intercalibrated using their overlap observations. Simultaneous nadir overpasses (SNOs) and global ocean mean differences between these satellites were used to characterize calibration errors and to obtain calibration coefficients. Calibration errors were found manifesting themselves as certain scatter or temporal patterns of intersatellite biases, such as well-defined seasonal cycles in the Arctic and Antarctic SNO difference time series or a unique pattern closely correlated to the instrument temperature variability induced by Solar Beta Angle (SBA) variations in global ocean mean difference time series. Analyses of these patterns revealed five different types of biases that need to be removed from existing prelaunch-calibrated AMSU-A observations, which include relatively stable intersatellite biases between most satellite pairs, bias drifts on NOAA 16 and channel 7 of MetOp-A, sun-heating-induced instrument temperature variability in radiances, scene temperature dependency in biases due to inaccurate calibration nonlinearity, and biases due to channel frequency shift from its prelaunch measurement in certain satellite channels. Level-1c time-dependent calibration offsets and nonlinear coefficients were introduced and determined from SNO and global ocean mean temperature regressions to remove or minimize the first four types of biases. Channel frequency shift in NOAA 15 channel 6 was obtained from the radiative transfer model simulation experiments. The new calibration coefficients and channel frequency values have significantly reduced the five different types of biases and resulted in more consistent multisatellite radiance observations for intercalibrated satellite channels. The intercalibrated AMSU-A observations have been merged with its precursor, the intercalibrated microwave sounding unit (MSU), to generate the NOAA/Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR) version 2.0 upper-air temperature climate data record (CDR) for climate trend and variability monitoring from 1979 to the present. The intercalibrated AMSU-A radiance data are expected to further improve accuracies of numerical weather prediction and consistencies in climate reanalysis and CDR developments.
C1 [Zou, Cheng-Zhi] NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, NESDIS, NOAA Sci Ctr, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[Wang, Wenhui] NOAA, IM Syst Grp, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, NESDIS, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
RP Zou, CZ (reprint author), NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, NESDIS, NOAA Sci Ctr, Room 712,5200 Auth Rd, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
EM cheng-zhi.zou@noaa.gov
RI Wang, Wenhui/D-3240-2012; Zou, Cheng-Zhi/E-3085-2010
FU NOAA [NESDIS-NESDISPO-2009-2001589 (SDS-09-15)]
FX The authors thank Tom Kleespies for providing the code for the Solar
Beta Angle computation. The authors also thank Yong Han and Yong Chen
for providing CRTM training data sets for related computations. Review
comments from Jerry Sullivan, Paul Poli, and the three anonymous
reviewers are greatly appreciated. The work is supported by NOAA grant
NESDIS-NESDISPO-2009-2001589 (SDS-09-15). The views, opinions, and
findings contained in this report are those of the authors and should
not be construed as an official National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration or U.S. Government position, policy, or decision.
NR 27
TC 33
Z9 35
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD DEC 13
PY 2011
VL 116
AR D23113
DI 10.1029/2011JD016205
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 864QB
UT WOS:000298253700004
ER
PT J
AU Wu, CC
Dryer, M
Wu, ST
Wood, BE
Fry, CD
Liou, K
Plunkett, S
AF Wu, Chin-Chun
Dryer, Murray
Wu, S. T.
Wood, Brian E.
Fry, Craig D.
Liou, Kan
Plunkett, Simon
TI Global three-dimensional simulation of the interplanetary evolution of
the observed geoeffective coronal mass ejection during the epoch 1-4
August 2010
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID MAGNETIC-FIELD CHANGES; SOLAR-WIND MODEL; MHD SIMULATION; 1 AU;
GEOMAGNETIC STORMS; TIME; HELIOSPHERE; PROPAGATION; EARTH; TRANSPORT
AB Several coronal mass ejections (CMEs) were observed during 1-4 August 2010. At similar to 17:12 UT on 3 August 2010, the Wind spacecraft detected an interplanetary shock followed by two magnetic cloud-like (MCL) structures that induced geomagnetic activity. The geomagnetic index, Dst, dropped to -65 nT while one of the MCLs passed through the magnetosphere. A global, three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) numerical model and a kinematic model (HAFv.2), with inputs based on actual solar observations, were used to simulate the response of the three-dimensional heliosphere. HAFv.2 and MHD models were used to simulate regions from 2.5 to 18 solar radii (R(s)) and 18 to 285 R(s), respectively. A velocity pulse was used to simulate the major CME on 1 August 2010. The solar disturbances were injected into the lower boundary at 2.5 R(s). It is found that the background solar wind plays an important role in the evolution of this CME on its way to Earth. We compared the derived solar wind parameters (density, velocity, magnetic field, and temperature) with in situ observations from Wind near Earth. The simulation demonstrates a useful tool to link the general case of ICME at 1 AU to their solar sources. Simulation results also show that adiabatic value of gamma = 5/3 seems to be appropriate for ideal MHD simulation studies of solar wind at 1 AU.
C1 [Wu, Chin-Chun; Wood, Brian E.; Plunkett, Simon] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Dryer, Murray] NOAA Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Fry, Craig D.] Explorat Phys Int Inc, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA.
[Dryer, Murray] Univ Alabama Huntsville, CSPAR, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA.
[Liou, Kan] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
RP Wu, CC (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM chin-chin.wu@nrl.navy.mil
RI Liou, Kan/C-2089-2016
OI Liou, Kan/0000-0001-5277-7688
FU NASA [NNH09AM46I]; NRL ISES; AFOSR [FA9950-07-1-0468]; NSF [ATM0754278,
AGS-0964396]; NASA/EPSCor [NNx09AP74A]; University of Alabama in
Huntsville under NASA [NNx09AP74A, SUB2010-045]
FX We thank the Wind PI team and National Space Science Data Center at
Goddard Space Flight Center for management and providing Wind plasma and
magnetic field solar wind data. This study is supported partially by
NASA's LWS program via grants NNH09AM46I (C.-C. W.), and NRL ISES
program (C.-C. W., B. W., and S. P.). S. T. W. is supported by AFOSR
FA9950-07-1-0468, NSF ATM0754278, and NASA/EPSCor-2009, NNx09AP74A
grant. C. D. Fry's participation is supported by University of Alabama
in Huntsville subaward SUB2010-045 under NASA grant NNX09AP74A. K. L. is
supported by the NSF grant AGS-0964396 to JHUAPL. The
Hakamada-Akasofu-Fry solar wind model version 2 (HAFv2) was provided to
NRL/SSD by a software license from Exploration Physics International,
Inc. (EXPI).
NR 37
TC 25
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD DEC 13
PY 2011
VL 116
AR A12103
DI 10.1029/2011JA016947
PG 13
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 864TE
UT WOS:000298262200002
ER
PT J
AU Calkins, B
Lita, AE
Fox, AE
Nam, SW
AF Calkins, Brice
Lita, Adriana E.
Fox, Anna E.
Nam, Sae Woo
TI Faster recovery time of a hot-electron transition-edge sensor by use of
normal metal heat-sinks
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID EFFICIENCY; DETECTOR
AB Transition-edge sensor microcalorimeters with recovery times near 1 mu s have become highly desirable in quantum science applications as near-infrared single-photon detectors with photon-number resolving capability. Previously, the recovery times of these devices could be decreased only by changing device material or modifying the superconducting-to-normal transition. We demonstrate a method for improving this speed that uses a normal-metal heat-sink. This demonstration with tungsten devices realizes a factor of 4 decrease in recovery time without significantly affecting energy resolution. Our approach may enable the creation of high-efficiency transition-edge sensors with decay times short enough to operate with 80 MHz pulsed single-photon sources. [doi:10.1063/1.3659686]
C1 [Calkins, Brice; Lita, Adriana E.; Fox, Anna E.; Nam, Sae Woo] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Calkins, B (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM brice.calkins@nist.gov
NR 15
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 12
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD DEC 12
PY 2011
VL 99
IS 24
AR 241114
DI 10.1063/1.3659686
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 864QG
UT WOS:000298254200014
ER
PT J
AU Lindstrom, RM
Fischbach, E
Buncher, JB
Jenkins, JH
Yue, A
AF Lindstrom, Richard M.
Fischbach, Ephraim
Buncher, John B.
Jenkins, Jere H.
Yue, Andrew
TI Absence of a self-induced decay effect in Au-198
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Beta decays; Neutrinos; Nuclear decay lifetimes
ID POWER SPECTRUM ANALYSIS; NUCLEAR DECAY; RATES; ANTINEUTRINOS;
PERTURBATION
AB We report the results of an improved experiment aimed at determining whether the half-life (T-1/2) of Au-198 depends on the shape of the source. In this experiment, the half-lives of a gold sphere and a thin gold wire were measured after each had been irradiated in the NIST Center for Neutron Research. In comparison to an earlier version of this experiment, both the specific activities of the samples and their relative surface/volume ratios have been increased, leading to an improved test for the hypothesized self-induced decay (SID) effect. We find T-1/2(sphere)/T-1/2(wire) = (0.9993 +/- 0.0002), which is compatible with no SID effect. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Fischbach, Ephraim] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Lindstrom, Richard M.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Buncher, John B.] Wittenberg Univ, Dept Phys, Springfield, OH 45501 USA.
[Jenkins, Jere H.] Purdue Univ, Sch Nucl Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Yue, Andrew] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RP Fischbach, E (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
EM ephraim@purdue.edu
OI Yue, Andrew/0000-0001-5340-8470
FU USDOE [DE-AC02-76ER071428]
FX We thank R.F. Fleming, G.L. Greene, and D.E. Krause for useful
discussions during the course of this work. Contributions of the
National Institute of Standards and Technology are not subject to U.S.
copyright. The work of E.F. is supported in part by USDOE contract no.
DE-AC02-76ER071428.
NR 30
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
Equip.
PD DEC 11
PY 2011
VL 659
IS 1
BP 269
EP 271
DI 10.1016/j.nima.2011.08.046
PG 3
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 858TR
UT WOS:000297826100034
ER
PT J
AU Copley, JRD
AF Copley, J. R. D.
TI Acceptance diagram calculations of the performance of neutron removal
mirrors
SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS
SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Neutron removal mirror; Low energy neutron scattering; Neutron
reflectivity; Acceptance diagrams; Ray-tracing calculations
ID GUIDE SYSTEMS; CHOPPER SPECTROMETERS; SIMULATION; GAIN
AB We have used the method of acceptance diagrams to compute the performance of low energy neutron removal mirrors, or "deflectors", placed within a parallel neutron guide. Such devices are typically used to remove long wavelength neutrons from cold neutron beams. With appropriate coatings they may also be used as low energy neutron polarizers, ideally transmitting one spin state and reflecting the other spin state out of the beam. Within the small angle approximation, ignoring absorption, and representing reflectivities using unit step functions (either 0% or 100%, depending on the angle of incidence and the critical angle), the transmission probability reduces to a function of 3 ratios among 4 angles: the inclination angle of the deflector and the critical angles (which are proportional to neutron wavelength) of the upstream entrance guide, the deflector, and the guide within which the deflector is placed. The results of the acceptance diagram calculations, and of complementary ray-tracing calculations using realistic reflectivity profiles for the deflector, should benefit scientists and engineers involved in the design of neutron scattering instruments that potentially incorporate neutron deflectors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Copley, JRD (reprint author), NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM john.copley@nist.gov
NR 21
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-9002
J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A
JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc.
Equip.
PD DEC 11
PY 2011
VL 659
IS 1
BP 403
EP 410
DI 10.1016/j.nima.2011.08.008
PG 8
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics,
Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics
GA 858TR
UT WOS:000297826100056
ER
PT J
AU Simon, JB
Armitage, PJ
Beckwith, K
AF Simon, Jacob B.
Armitage, Philip J.
Beckwith, Kris
TI TURBULENT LINEWIDTHS IN PROTOPLANETARY DISKS: PREDICTIONS FROM NUMERICAL
SIMULATIONS
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE accretion, accretion disks; line: profiles; magnetohydrodynamics (MHD);
protoplanetary disks; turbulence
ID 3-DIMENSIONAL MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATIONS; STRATIFIED ACCRETION
DISKS; UNSPLIT GODUNOV METHOD; T TAURI DISKS; MAGNETOROTATIONAL
INSTABILITY; CONSTRAINED TRANSPORT; AMBIPOLAR DIFFUSION; PROTOSTELLAR
DISKS; LAYERED ACCRETION; MAGNETIC-FIELDS
AB Submillimeter observations of protoplanetary disks now approach the acuity needed to measure the turbulent broadening of molecular lines. These measurements constrain disk angular momentum transport, and furnish evidence of the turbulent environment within which planetesimal formation takes place. We use local magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of the magnetorotational instability (MRI) to predict the distribution of turbulent velocities in low-mass protoplanetary disks, as a function of radius and height above the mid-plane. We model both ideal MHD disks and disks in which Ohmic dissipation results in a dead zone of suppressed turbulence near the mid-plane. Under ideal conditions, the disk mid-plane is characterized by a velocity distribution that peaks near v similar or equal to 0.1c(s) (where c(s) is the local sound speed), while supersonic velocities are reached at z > 3H (where H is the vertical pressure scale height). Residual velocities of v approximate to 10(-2) c(s) persist near the mid-plane in dead zones, while the surface layers remain active. Anisotropic variation of the linewidth with disk inclination is modest. We compare our MHD results to hydrodynamic simulations in which large-scale forcing is used to initiate similar turbulent velocities. We show that the qualitative trend of increasing v with height, seen in the MHD case, persists for forced turbulence and is likely a generic property of disk turbulence. Percentage level determinations of v at different heights within the disk, or spatially resolved observations that probe the inner disk containing the dead zone region, are therefore needed to test whether the MRI is responsible for protoplanetary disk turbulence.
C1 [Simon, Jacob B.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Armitage, Philip J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Simon, JB (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM jbsimon@jila.colorado.edu
FU NSF [AST-0807471, AST-0907872]; NASA [NNX09AB90G]; Texas Advanced
Computing Center; National Institute for Computational Science
[TG-AST090106]
FX We thank Meredith Hughes, Tilman Birnstiel, Charles Gammie, and John
Hawley for useful discussions and suggestions regarding this work. We
also thank the anonymous referee whose comments greatly improved this
paper. We acknowledge support from the NSF (AST-0807471, AST-0907872),
from NASA's Origins of Solar Systems program (NNX09AB90G), from NASA's
Astrophysics Theory program (NNX11AE12G), and from the NSF through
TeraGrid resources provided by the Texas Advanced Computing Center and
the National Institute for Computational Science under grant number
TG-AST090106. We also acknowledge the Texas Advanced Computing Center at
The University of Texas at Austin for providing HPC and visualization
resources that have contributed to the research results reported within
this paper. Computations were also performed on Kraken at the National
Institute for Computational Sciences.
NR 50
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 10
PY 2011
VL 743
IS 1
AR 17
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/743/1/17
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 853EF
UT WOS:000297408300017
ER
PT J
AU Campbell, MD
Rose, K
Boswell, K
Cowan, J
AF Campbell, Matthew D.
Rose, Kenneth
Boswell, Kevin
Cowan, James
TI Individual-based modeling of an artificial reef fish community: Effects
of habitat quantity and degree of refuge
SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE IBM; Movement; Bioenergetics; Red snapper; Artificial reefs;
Competition; Predation prey halos
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; PINFISH LAGODON-RHOMBOIDES; RED SNAPPER; NORTHERN GULF;
LUTJANUS-CAMPECHANUS; PREDATION RISK; UNITED-STATES; NATURAL REEF;
GROWTH; ASSEMBLAGES
AB Artificial reefs are often deployed as fishery management tools, and yet there is substantial lack of understanding and agreement on how reefs affect fish population and community dynamics. We developed and applied a multi-species, individual-based model to examine the long-term effects of increasing number of reefs on fish weight, abundance, and biomass. The model simulated the population dynamics of three fish species for 50 years on a 2-dimensional spatial grid. Growth, mortality, and movement were computed each hour for individuals of red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus), a croaker-like species (Micropogonias chromis), and a pinfish-like species (Lagodon rhomboides). We also included individuals of two other species (bluefish - Pomatomus saltatrix and a generic jack-like species), but only simulated their hourly movement and their effects on prey and predation of the focal species. The densities of five prey groups were simulated independently in each cell. Our results showed that increasing the number of reefs generally produced higher biomass, but at the cost of slower growth, and smaller individuals. Abundance was higher under fixed-AR recruitment and maximum refuge treatments. In all treatments there were diminishing returns on abundance and biomass with increasing number of artificial reefs. Experiment 2 showed that model results based on regularly spaced reefs were consistent with a real layout of reefs currently being sampled in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Management strategies for determining the habitat-value of reefs in the Gulf of Mexico should consider the number of reefs and the local spatial layout of the reefs to ensure they are optimally arranged. Field experiments performed should assist in resolving how fish recruit to artificial reefs and help determine their roles as fish refuges. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Campbell, Matthew D.; Rose, Kenneth; Boswell, Kevin; Cowan, James] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70808 USA.
RP Campbell, MD (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Mississippi Labs, Pascagoula, MS USA.
EM matthew.d.campbell@noaa.gov
RI boswell, kevin/B-6380-2016;
OI boswell, kevin/0000-0002-2037-1541; Campbell,
Matthew/0000-0002-0087-5291
NR 51
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 39
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3800
J9 ECOL MODEL
JI Ecol. Model.
PD DEC 10
PY 2011
VL 222
IS 23-24
BP 3895
EP 3909
DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2011.10.009
PG 15
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 867LE
UT WOS:000298455100009
ER
PT J
AU Alken, P
Maus, S
Richmond, AD
Maute, A
AF Alken, P.
Maus, S.
Richmond, A. D.
Maute, A.
TI The ionospheric gravity and diamagnetic current systems
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID GEOMAGNETIC REFERENCE FIELD; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; MAGNETOSPHERIC
CURRENTS; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; 11TH GENERATION; ELECTRODYNAMICS; PRESSURE
AB Large-scale currents in the ionosphere are driven by a variety of sources, including neutral winds, gravity, and plasma pressure gradients. While the stronger daytime wind-driven currents have been extensively studied, gravity and diamagnetic currents in the ionosphere have received very little attention but can have substantial effects even during the night. With the availability of a new generation of magnetic field models based on high-accuracy satellite magnetic measurements, it becomes increasingly important to account for these smaller current systems. In this work, we use the stand-alone NCAR TIEGCM electrodynamics solver along with empirical density, wind, and temperature inputs to model the global current systems caused by gravity and diamagnetism in the F region ionosphere and calculate their magnetic perturbations. These results allow us for the first time to visualize the global structure of these currents and quantify their magnetic perturbations. We find a significantly higher gravity-driven current during the night than one would expect from the lower conductivity which is primarily due to a Pedersen current driven by polarization charges in the predawn sector. We find some discrepancies between the diamagnetic perturbation and a theoretical prediction which could be a result of magnetic tension due to the curvature of the geomagnetic field lines. These results will allow geomagnetic field modelers to account for these important current systems and create more accurate models. This work will also be crucial in analyzing ionospheric magnetic field measurements from upcoming satellite missions such as Swarm.
C1 [Alken, P.; Maus, S.] NOAA, Natl Geophys Data Ctr, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Richmond, A. D.; Maute, A.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, High Altitude Observ, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
RP Alken, P (reprint author), NOAA E GC1, Natl Geophys Data Ctr, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM patrick.alken@noaa.gov
OI Richmond, Arthur/0000-0002-6708-1023
FU NASA [NNX08AG09G]; National Science Foundation
FX This work was supported in part by NASA grant NNX08AG09G. The National
Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the National Science
Foundation. We would also like to thank Wenbin Wang for helpful comments
on an earlier draft.
NR 23
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
EI 2169-9402
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD DEC 10
PY 2011
VL 116
AR A12316
DI 10.1029/2011JA017126
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 860WQ
UT WOS:000297979400006
ER
PT J
AU Waters, JF
Millero, FJ
Sabine, CL
AF Waters, Jason F.
Millero, Frank J.
Sabine, Christopher L.
TI Changes in South Pacific anthropogenic carbon
SO GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
LA English
DT Article
ID SUBPOLAR NORTH-ATLANTIC; OCEAN ACIDIFICATION; CO2 CONCENTRATIONS;
SEAWATER; WATER; CALCIFICATION; MARINE; CALIBRATION; TRANSPORT; INCREASE
AB The changes in anthropogenic CO2 are evaluated in the South Pacific, along the meridional line P18 (110 degrees W) and the zonal line P06 (32 degrees S), using the extended multiple linear regression (eMLR) method. The structure of the column inventory of anthropogenic CO2 on P18 is similar to the southern section of P16 in the central South Pacific (150 W), but the overall increase is greater by approximately 5-10 mu mol kg(-1). The value of the anthropogenic CO2 inventory on P18 is in agreement at the crossover point of an earlier evaluation of P06. Subsequent changes in pH due to the increase in anthropogenic CO2 are also evaluated. The change in pH is determined from the changes in anthropogenic CO2 and do not reflect variability in other decadal signals. For both cruise tracks, the average annual change in pH is -0.0016 mol kg(-1) yr(-1). This value is in good agreement with the average decrease in pH in the North Pacific, at the Hawaii Times Series and the subtropical North Atlantic. The uptake rates of anthropogenic CO2 are within reasonable agreement with similar studies in the South Pacific. There is evidence for greater uptake of anthropogenic CO2 in the western South Pacific and is attributed to the formation of subtropical Mode Water in the region.
C1 [Waters, Jason F.; Millero, Frank J.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Sabine, Christopher L.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Waters, JF (reprint author), Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, 4600 Rickenbacker Cswy, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM fmillero@rsmas.miami.edu
FU National Science Foundation Chemical Oceanography section; National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Office of Climate Observations
FX The authors wish to acknowledge the support of the National Science
Foundation Chemical Oceanography section and the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration Office of Climate Observations for supporting
our CO2 studies. We would also like to thank Samar Khatiwala
for making the code available for calculation of the TTD and providing
assistance with the calculations. This is PMEL publication number 3709.
NR 60
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 11
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0886-6236
EI 1944-9224
J9 GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEM CY
JI Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle
PD DEC 10
PY 2011
VL 25
AR GB4011
DI 10.1029/2010GB003988
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 860VS
UT WOS:000297976900001
ER
PT J
AU Liu, ZQ
Liu, QH
Lin, HC
Schwartz, CS
Lee, YH
Wang, TJ
AF Liu, Zhiquan
Liu, Quanhua
Lin, Hui-Chuan
Schwartz, Craig S.
Lee, Yen-Huei
Wang, Tijian
TI Three-dimensional variational assimilation of MODIS aerosol optical
depth: Implementation and application to a dust storm over East Asia
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID SSI ANALYSIS SYSTEM; TRANSPORT MODEL; OPERATIONAL IMPLEMENTATION; GOCART
MODEL; AIR-QUALITY; PART I; RETRIEVALS; RADIANCES; EMISSIONS; SATELLITE
AB Assimilation of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) total aerosol optical depth (AOD) retrieval products (at 550 nm wavelength) from both Terra and Aqua satellites have been developed within the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation (GSI) three-dimensional variational (3DVAR) data assimilation system. This newly developed algorithm allows, in a one-step procedure, the analysis of 3-D mass concentration of 14 aerosol variables from the Goddard Chemistry Aerosol Radiation and Transport (GOCART) module. The Community Radiative Transfer Model (CRTM) was extended to calculate AOD using GOCART aerosol variables as input. Both the AOD forward model and corresponding Jacobian model were developed within the CRTM and used in the 3DVAR minimization algorithm to compute the AOD cost function and its gradient with respect to 3-D aerosol mass concentration. The impact of MODIS AOD data assimilation was demonstrated by application to a dust storm from 17 to 24 March 2010 over East Asia. The aerosol analyses initialized Weather Research and Forecasting/Chemistry (WRF/Chem) model forecasts. Results indicate that assimilating MODIS AOD substantially improves aerosol analyses and subsequent forecasts when compared to MODIS AOD, independent AOD observations from the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) and Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) instrument, and surface PM10 (particulate matter with diameters less than 10 mu m) observations. The newly developed AOD data assimilation system can serve as a tool to improve simulations of dust storms and general air quality analyses and forecasts.
C1 [Liu, Zhiquan; Lin, Hui-Chuan; Schwartz, Craig S.; Lee, Yen-Huei] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Liu, Quanhua] Joint Ctr Satellite Data Assimilat, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[Wang, Tijian] Nanjing Univ, Sch Atmospher Sci, Nanjing 210093, Peoples R China.
RP Liu, ZQ (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
EM liuz@ucar.edu
RI Liu, Quanhua/B-6608-2008
OI Liu, Quanhua/0000-0002-3616-351X
FU Air Force Weather Agency; National Key Basic Research Development
Program of China [2011CB403406, 2010CB428503]; National Science
Foundation
FX We are grateful to the Air Force Weather Agency for funding this work.
Tijian Wang was partly supported by the National Key Basic Research
Development Program of China (2011CB403406, 2010CB428503). AERONET
Principal Investigators are also thanked for making their data
available. Three anonymous reviewers provided very valuable comments and
helped improve this manuscript. NCAR is sponsored by the National
Science Foundation.
NR 75
TC 41
Z9 42
U1 9
U2 35
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD DEC 9
PY 2011
VL 116
AR D23206
DI 10.1029/2011JD016159
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 861DE
UT WOS:000297998400001
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, H
Kalvapalle, P
Douglas, JF
AF Zhang, Hao
Kalvapalle, Pranav
Douglas, Jack F.
TI String-Like Collective Atomic Motion in the Melting and Freezing of
Nanoparticles
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
LA English
DT Article
ID GLASS-FORMING LIQUIDS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS;
PHASE-TRANSITIONS; STRUCTURAL RELAXATION; SUPERCOOLED LIQUID;
COOPERATIVE MOTION; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; POLYMER GLASSES; 2 DIMENSIONS;
TEMPERATURE
AB The melting of a solid represents a transition between a solid state in which atoms are localized about fixed average crystal lattice positions to a fluid state that is characterized by relative atomic disorder and particle mobility so that the atoms wander around the material as a whole, impelled by the random thermal impulses of surrounding atoms. Despite the fundamental nature and practical importance of this particle delocalization transition, there is still no fundamental theory of melting and instead one often relies on the semi-phenomenological Lindemann-Gilvarry criterion to estimate roughly the melting point as an instability of the crystal lattice. Even the earliest simulations of melting in hexagonally packed hard discs by Alder and Wainwright indicated the active role of nonlocal collective atomic motions in the melting process, and here we utilize molecular dynamics (MD) simulation to determine whether the collective particle motion observed in melting has a similar geometrical form as those in recent studies of nanoparticle (NP) interfacial dynamics and the molecular dynamics of metastable glass-forming liquids. We indeed find string-like collective atomic motion in NP melting that is remarkably similar in form to the collective interfacial motions in NPs at equilibrium and to the collective motions found in the molecular dynamics of glass-forming liquids. We also find that the spatial localization and extent of string-like motion in the course of NP melting and freezing evolves with time in distinct ways. Specifically, the collective atomic motion propagates from the NP surface and from within the NP in melting and freezing, respectively, and the average string length varies smoothly with time during melting. In contrast, the string-like cooperative motion peaks in an intermediate stage of the freezing process, reflecting a general asymmetry in the dynamics of NP superheating and supercooling.
C1 [Zhang, Hao; Kalvapalle, Pranav] Univ Alberta, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Edmonton, AB T6G 2V4, Canada.
[Douglas, Jack F.] NIST, Polymers Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Zhang, H (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Edmonton, AB T6G 2V4, Canada.
EM hao.zhang@ualberta.ca; jack.douglas@nist.gov
RI Zhang, Hao/A-3272-2008
FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada through the
Discovery Grant program; NIH [1 R01 EB006398-01A1]
FX H.Z. and P.K. gratefully acknowledge the support of the Natural Sciences
and Engineering Research Council of Canada through the Discovery Grant
program. J.F.D. acknowledges support of this work under the NIH grant (1
R01 EB006398-01A1).
NR 74
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 23
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1520-6106
J9 J PHYS CHEM B
JI J. Phys. Chem. B
PD DEC 8
PY 2011
VL 115
IS 48
BP 14068
EP 14076
DI 10.1021/jp203765x
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 853SO
UT WOS:000297446200042
PM 21718061
ER
PT J
AU Wineland, D
AF Wineland, David
TI Norman Ramsey (1915-2011) OBITUARY
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Biographical-Item
C1 NIST, Div Time & Frequency, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Wineland, D (reprint author), NIST, Div Time & Frequency, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM david.wineland@nist.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD DEC 8
PY 2011
VL 480
IS 7376
BP 182
EP 182
PG 1
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 857TR
UT WOS:000297744200034
PM 22158235
ER
PT J
AU Catherinot, J
Prigent, C
Maurer, R
Papa, F
Jimenez, C
Aires, F
Rossow, WB
AF Catherinot, J.
Prigent, C.
Maurer, R.
Papa, F.
Jimenez, C.
Aires, F.
Rossow, W. B.
TI Evaluation of "all weather" microwave-derived land surface temperatures
with in situ CEOP measurements
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID INFRARED SATELLITE-OBSERVATIONS; HIGH-RESOLUTION RADIOMETER; TRACK
SCANNING RADIOMETER; BAYESIAN STATISTICS; WATER-VAPOR; ISCCP; RETRIEVAL;
EMISSIVITIES; INFORMATION; VALIDATION
AB Land surface skin temperature Ts plays a key role in meteorological and climatological processes but the availability and the accuracy of Ts measurements over land are still limited, especially under cloudy conditions. Ts estimates from infrared satellite observations can only be derived under clear sky. Passive microwave measurements are much less affected by clouds and can provide Ts regardless of the cloud conditions. A neural network inversion including first guess information has been previously developed to retrieve Ts, along with atmospheric water vapor, cloud liquid water, and surface emissivities over land from Special Sensor Microwave/Imager measurements, with a spatial resolution of 0.25 x 0.25, at least twice daily. In this study, Ts estimates are evaluated through careful comparisons with in situ measurements in different environments over a full annual cycle. Under clear sky conditions, the quality of our microwave neural network retrieval is equivalent to the infrared International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project products, for most in situ stations, with errors similar to 3 K as compared to in situ measurements. The performance of the microwave algorithm is similar under clear and cloudy conditions, confirming the potential of the microwaves under clouds. The Ts accuracy does not depend upon the surface emissivity, as the variability of this parameter is accounted for in the processing. Our microwave Ts have been calculated for more than 15 years (1993 to mid-2008). These "all weather" Ts are a very valuable complement to the IR-derived Ts, for use in atmospheric and surface models.
C1 [Catherinot, J.; Papa, F.; Rossow, W. B.] CUNY City Coll, NOAA, Cooperat Remote Sensing Sci & Technol Ctr, New York, NY 10031 USA.
[Catherinot, J.; Prigent, C.; Jimenez, C.; Aires, F.] CNRS, Observ Paris, Lab Etud Rayonnement & Matiere Astrophys, F-75014 Paris, France.
[Maurer, R.] Columbia Univ, NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA.
[Aires, F.] Estellus, F-75002 Paris, France.
RP Catherinot, J (reprint author), CUNY City Coll, NOAA, Cooperat Remote Sensing Sci & Technol Ctr, New York, NY 10031 USA.
EM catherine.prigent@obspm.fr
RI Papa, Fabrice/D-3695-2009; Rossow, William/F-3138-2015
OI Papa, Fabrice/0000-0001-6305-6253;
FU NASA [NNXD7A090G]; NASA Energy and Water Study (NEWS)
FX The authors wish to thank Thomas Holmes and Tom Jackson for their
careful reading of the manuscript and their very valuable comments. They
are also thankful to three anonymous reviewers for their careful reading
and interesting suggestions. Work on this study by Catherinot and Rossow
was supported by NASA grant NNXD7A090G, the NASA Energy and Water Study
(NEWS).
NR 34
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD DEC 6
PY 2011
VL 116
AR D23105
DI 10.1029/2011JD016439
PG 11
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 861CU
UT WOS:000297997400001
ER
PT J
AU Fabiano, S
Wang, H
Piliego, C
Jaye, C
Fischer, DA
Chen, ZH
Pignataro, B
Facchetti, A
Loo, YL
Loi, MA
AF Fabiano, Simone
Wang, He
Piliego, Claudia
Jaye, Cherno
Fischer, Daniel A.
Chen, Zhihua
Pignataro, Bruno
Facchetti, Antonio
Loo, Yueh-Lin
Loi, Maria Antonietta
TI Supramolecular Order of Solution-Processed Perylenediimide Thin Films:
High-Performance Small-Channel n-Type Organic Transistors
SO ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE supramolecular electronics; solution processes; charge injection;
organic transistors
ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; CONJUGATED POLYMERS; SCALING BEHAVIOR;
CHARGE-TRANSPORT; GALLIUM-ARSENIDE; ACTIVE LAYERS; SEMICONDUCTORS;
GROWTH; MOBILITY; MORPHOLOGY
AB N,N'-1H,1H-perfluorobutyl dicyanoperylenecarboxydiimide (PDIF-CN(2)), a soluble and air stable n-type molecule, undergoes significant reorganization upon thermal annealing after solution deposition on several substrates with different surface energies. Interestingly, this system exhibits an exceptional edge-on orientation regardless of the substrate chemistry. This preferential orientation is rationalized in terms of strong intermolecular interactions between the PDIF-CN(2) molecules. The presence of a pronounced pp stacking is confirmed by combining near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (NEXAFS), dynamic scanning force microscopy (SFM) and surface energy measurements. The remarkable charge carrier mobility measured in field-effect transistors, using both bottom- and top-contact (bottom-gate) configurations, underlines the importance of strong intermolecular interactions for the realization of high performing devices.
C1 [Fabiano, Simone; Piliego, Claudia; Loi, Maria Antonietta] Univ Groningen, Zernike Inst Adv Mat, NL-9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands.
[Fabiano, Simone; Pignataro, Bruno] Univ Palermo, Dipartimento Chim S Cannizzaro, I-90128 Palermo, Italy.
[Wang, He; Loo, Yueh-Lin] Princeton Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Jaye, Cherno; Fischer, Daniel A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Chen, Zhihua; Facchetti, Antonio] Polyera Corp, Skokie, IL 60077 USA.
RP Fabiano, S (reprint author), Univ Groningen, Zernike Inst Adv Mat, Nijenborgh 4, NL-9747 AG Groningen, Netherlands.
EM afacchetti@polyera.com; lloo@princeton.edu; m.a.loi@rug.nl
RI Wang, He/C-3202-2012; Fabiano, Simone/F-4954-2012; Loi, Maria
Antonietta/H-8406-2016
OI Fabiano, Simone/0000-0001-7016-6514; Loi, Maria
Antonietta/0000-0002-7985-7431
FU ONR [N000141110328]; Princeton Center for Complex Material through NSF's
MRSEC [DMR-0819860]
FX S.F., C. P. and M. A. L. would like to thank Prof. Petra Rudolf for
kindly allowing the use of contact angle instrument. Y.L.L. and H. W.
thank the ONR Photovoltaics Program (N000141110328) and the Princeton
Center for Complex Material through NSF's MRSEC program (DMR-0819860)
for funding.
NR 48
TC 31
Z9 32
U1 6
U2 92
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1616-301X
J9 ADV FUNCT MATER
JI Adv. Funct. Mater.
PD DEC 6
PY 2011
VL 21
IS 23
BP 4479
EP 4486
DI 10.1002/adfm.201101427
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 854NH
UT WOS:000297501000011
ER
PT J
AU Bossart, GD
Romano, TA
Peden-Adams, MM
Schaefer, A
McCulloch, S
Goldstein, JD
Rice, CD
Saliki, JT
Fair, PA
Reif, JS
AF Bossart, Gregory D.
Romano, Tracy A.
Peden-Adams, Margie M.
Schaefer, Adam
McCulloch, Stephen
Goldstein, Juli D.
Rice, Charles D.
Saliki, Jeremiah T.
Fair, Patricia A.
Reif, John S.
TI Clinicoimmunopathologic findings in Atlantic bottlenose dolphins
Tursiops truncatus with positive cetacean morbillivirus antibody titers
SO DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Bottlenose dolphin; Viral disease; Cetacean morbillivirus;
Seroepidemiology; Clinical pathology; Immunology
ID CANINE-DISTEMPER VIRUS; INDIAN RIVER LAGOON; MEASLES-VIRUS; INDUCED
IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; AQUATIC MAMMALS; INFECTIONS; EXPOSURE; FLORIDA; USA;
PHAGOCYTOSIS
AB Sera from free-ranging Atlantic bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus inhabiting the Indian River Lagoon (IRL), Florida were tested for antibodies to cetacean morbilliviruses from 2003 to 2007 as part of a multidisciplinary study of individual and population health. A suite of clinico immunopathologic variables were evaluated in morbillivirus-seropositive dolphins (n = 14) and seronegative healthy dolphins (n = 49). Several important differences were found. Serum alkaline phosphatase, creatine phosphokinase, chloride, albumin and albumin/globulin ratios were significantly lower in seropositive dolphins. Innate immunity appeared to be upregulated with significant increases in lysozyme concentration and marginally significant increases in monocytic phagocytosis. Adaptive immunity was also impacted in dolphins with positive morbillivirus antibody titers. Mitogen-induced T lymphocyte proliferation responses were significantly reduced in dolphins with positive morbillivirus antibody titers, and marginally significant decreases were found for absolute numbers of CD4+ lymphocytes. The findings suggest impairment of cell-mediated adaptive immunity, similar to the immunologic pattern reported with acute morbillivirus infection in other species. In contrast, dolphins with positive morbillivirus antibody titers appeared to have at least a partially upregulated humoral immune response with significantly higher levels of gamma globulins than healthy dolphins, which may represent an antibody response to morbillivirus infection or other pathogens. These data suggest that subclinical dolphin morbillivirus infection in IRL dolphins may produce clinicoimmunopathologic perturbations that impact overall health.
C1 [Bossart, Gregory D.] Georgia Aquarium, Atlanta, GA 30313 USA.
[Bossart, Gregory D.; Schaefer, Adam; McCulloch, Stephen; Goldstein, Juli D.] Florida Atlantic Univ, Harbor Branch Oceanog Inst, Ft Pierce, FL 34946 USA.
[Romano, Tracy A.] Myst Aquarium, Mystic, CT 06355 USA.
[Peden-Adams, Margie M.] Univ Nevada, Harry Reid Ctr Environm Studies, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA.
[Rice, Charles D.] Clemson Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Grad Program Environm Toxicol, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
[Saliki, Jeremiah T.] Univ Georgia, Athens Vet Diagnost Lab, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Fair, Patricia A.] Natl Ocean Serv, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Reif, John S.] Colorado State Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Environm & Radiol Hlth Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Bossart, GD (reprint author), Georgia Aquarium, Atlanta, GA 30313 USA.
EM gbossart@georgiaaquarium.org
FU Florida Protect Wild Dolphins program; NOAA
FX This research was conducted under National Marine Fisheries Service
Permit No. 998-1678-01 and issued Florida Atlantic University IACUC
protocol number A10-13. Dolphin health assessments were a collaborative
effort between the Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution and the
National Ocean Service, Center for Coastal Environmental and
Biomolecular Research, NOAA. Support was provided by the Florida Protect
Wild Dolphins program and the NOAA Fisheries Marine Mammal Health and
Stranding Response Program. The authors thank the entire bottlenose
dolphin HERA project staff for their efforts in this project. In
particular, we recognize W. McFee for analyses of dental enamel to
estimate age and E. Murdoch for graphic assistance. This work
constitutes contribution #209 from the Sea Research Foundation.
NR 45
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 36
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0177-5103
J9 DIS AQUAT ORGAN
JI Dis. Aquat. Org.
PD DEC 6
PY 2011
VL 97
IS 2
BP 103
EP 112
DI 10.3354/dao02410
PG 10
WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
GA 857FS
UT WOS:000297702900003
PM 22303627
ER
PT J
AU Killgore, JP
Yablon, DG
Tsou, AH
Gannepalli, A
Yuya, PA
Turner, JA
Proksch, R
Hurley, DC
AF Killgore, J. P.
Yablon, D. G.
Tsou, A. H.
Gannepalli, A.
Yuya, P. A.
Turner, J. A.
Proksch, R.
Hurley, D. C.
TI Viscoelastic Property Mapping with Contact Resonance Force Microscopy
SO LANGMUIR
LA English
DT Article
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ACOUSTIC MICROSCOPY; POLYMER SURFACES; FILMS;
NANOSCALE; MODE; AFM; SPECTROSCOPY; CANTILEVERS; FREQUENCY
AB We demonstrate the accurate nanoscale mapping of near-surface loss and storage moduli on a polystyrene-polypropylene blend with contact resonance force microscopy (CR-FM). These viscoelastic properties are extracted from spatially resolved maps of the contact resonance frequency and quality factor of the AFM: cantilever. We consider two methods of data acquisition: (i) discrete stepping between mapping points and (ii) continuous scanning. For point mapping and low-speed scanning, the values of the relative loss and storage modulus are in good agreement with the time-temperature superposition of low-frequency dynamic mechanical analysis measurements to the high frequencies probed by CR-FM.
C1 [Killgore, J. P.; Hurley, D. C.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Yablon, D. G.; Tsou, A. H.] ExxonMobil Res & Engn Co, Corp Strateg Res, Annandale, NJ 08801 USA.
[Gannepalli, A.; Proksch, R.] Asylum Res, Santa Barbara, CA 93117 USA.
[Yuya, P. A.; Turner, J. A.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Engn Mech, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
RP Killgore, JP (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RI Turner, Joseph/F-5165-2010
FU NSF [EPS-0701892, CMMI-0709333]; NRC at NIST
FX We acknowledge J. Grabowski (ExxonMobil) for sample preparation and M.
Amin (ExxonMobil) for the DMA results. J.A.T. and P.A.Y. acknowledge the
support of the NSF (grant nos. EPS-0701892 and CMMI-0709333). This
research was performed while J.P.K. held an NRC Research Associateship
Award at NIST. The mention of commercial products does not imply
recommendation or endorsement by NIST.
NR 43
TC 70
Z9 71
U1 5
U2 66
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0743-7463
J9 LANGMUIR
JI Langmuir
PD DEC 6
PY 2011
VL 27
IS 23
BP 13983
EP 13987
DI 10.1021/la203434w
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 853LJ
UT WOS:000297427500005
PM 22054300
ER
PT J
AU Nieh, MP
Dolinar, P
Kucerka, N
Kline, SR
Debeer-Schmitt, LM
Littrell, KC
Katsaras, J
AF Nieh, Mu-Ping
Dolinar, Paul
Kucerka, Norbert
Kline, Steven R.
Debeer-Schmitt, Lisa M.
Littrell, Kenneth C.
Katsaras, John
TI Formation of Kinetically Trapped Nanoscopic Unilamellar Vesicles from
Metastable Nanodiscs
SO LANGMUIR
LA English
DT Article
ID SOLID-STATE NMR; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; ANGLE
NEUTRON-SCATTERING; HIGH-RESOLUTION NMR; PHOSPHOLIPID-BILAYERS; X-RAY;
SPONTANEOUS VESICULATION; UNBINDING TRANSITION; MEMBRANE-PROTEINS; MODEL
MEMBRANE
AB Zwitterionic long-chain lipids (e.g., dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine, DMPC) spontaneously form onion-like, thermodynamically stable structures in aqueous solutions (commonly known as multilamellar vesicles, or MLVs). It has also been reported that the addition of zwitterionic short-chain (i.e., dihexanoyl phosphatidylcholine, DHPC) and charged long-chain (i.e., dimyristoyl phosphatidylglycerol, DMPG) lipids to zwitterionic long-chain lipid solutions results in the formation of unilamellar vesicles (ULVs). Here, we report a kinetic study on lipid mixtures composed of DMPC, DHPC, and DMPG. Two membrane charge densities (i.e., [DMPG]/[DMPC] = 0.01 and 0.001) and two solution salinities (i.e., [NaCl] = 0 and 0.2 M) are investigated. Upon dilution of the high-concentration samples at 50 degrees C, thermodynamically stable MLVs are formed, in the case of both weakly charged and high salinity solution mixtures, implying that the electrostatic interactions between bilayers are insufficient to cause MLVs to unbind. Importantly, in the case of these samples small angle neutron scattering (SANS) data show that, initially, nanodiscs (also known as bicelles) or bilayered ribbons form at low temperatures (i.e., 10 degrees C), but transform into uniform size, nanoscopic ULVs after incubation at 10 degrees C for 20 h, indicating that the nanodisc is a metastable structure. The instability of nanodiscs may be attributed to low membrane rigidity due to a reduced charge density and high salinity. Moreover, the uniform-sized ULVs persist even after being heated to 50 degrees C, where thermodynamically stable MLVs are observed. This result clearly demonstrates that these ULVs are kinetically trapped, and that the mechanical properties (e.g., bending rigidity) of 10 degrees C nanodiscs favor the formation of nanoscopic ULVs over that of MLVs. From a practical point of view, this method of forming uniform-sized ULVs may lend itself to their mass production, thus making them economically feasible for medical applications that depend on monodisperse lipid-based systems for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes.
C1 [Nieh, Mu-Ping] Univ Connecticut, Inst Mat Sci, Dept Chem Mat & Biomol Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
[Dolinar, Paul] Univ Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
[Kucerka, Norbert; Katsaras, John] Canadian Neutron Beam Ctr, Chalk River Labs, Natl Res Council, Chalk River, ON KOJ 1JO, Canada.
[Kucerka, Norbert] Comenius Univ, Dept Phys Chem Drugs, Bratislava 83535, Slovakia.
[Kline, Steven R.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Debeer-Schmitt, Lisa M.; Littrell, Kenneth C.; Katsaras, John] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Neutron Scattering Sci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Katsaras, John] Brock Univ, Dept Phys, St Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada.
[Katsaras, John] Univ Guelph, Guelph Waterloo Phys Inst, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
[Katsaras, John] Univ Guelph, Guelph Waterloo Phys Inst, Biophys Interdept Grp, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
RP Nieh, MP (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Inst Mat Sci, Dept Chem Mat & Biomol Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
EM mu-ping.nieh@ims.uconn.edu
RI DeBeer-Schmitt, Lisa/I-3313-2015; Littrell, Kenneth/D-2106-2013
OI DeBeer-Schmitt, Lisa/0000-0001-9679-3444; Nieh,
Mu-Ping/0000-0003-4462-8716; Katsaras, John/0000-0002-8937-4177;
Littrell, Kenneth/0000-0003-2308-8618
FU National Science Foundation [DMR-0944772]; Scientific User Facilities
Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, United States Department of
Energy (U.S. DOE); U.S. DOE [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; University of
Connecticut (UConn) faculty; Institute of Materials Science (IMS) at
UConn; ORNL's Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD);
Program Development programs
FX This work made use of facilities supported in part by the National
Science Foundation under Agreement No. DMR-0944772. The mention of
commercial products does not imply endorsement by NIST, nor does it
imply that the materials or equipment identified are necessarily the
best available for the purpose. The work at ORNL's High Flux Isotope
Reactor was sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office
of Basic Energy Sciences, United States Department of Energy (U.S. DOE).
ORNL is operated by UT-Battelle, LLC for the U.S. DOE under Contract No.
DE-AC05-00OR22725. M.-P.N. is grateful for the funding support from
University of Connecticut (UConn) faculty large grant and the startup
fund provided by Institute of Materials Science (IMS) at UConn. J.K. is
supported through ORNL's Laboratory Directed Research and Development
(LDRD) and Program Development programs.
NR 78
TC 17
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U1 3
U2 41
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0743-7463
J9 LANGMUIR
JI Langmuir
PD DEC 6
PY 2011
VL 27
IS 23
BP 14308
EP 14316
DI 10.1021/la2023314
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 853LJ
UT WOS:000297427500044
PM 21951150
ER
PT J
AU Hume, DB
Chou, CW
Leibrandt, DR
Thorpe, MJ
Wineland, DJ
Rosenband, T
AF Hume, D. B.
Chou, C. W.
Leibrandt, D. R.
Thorpe, M. J.
Wineland, D. J.
Rosenband, T.
TI Trapped-Ion State Detection through Coherent Motion
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM JUMPS; ATOM; FORCE; LASER
AB We demonstrate a general method for state detection of trapped ions that can be applied to a large class of atomic and molecular species. We couple a spectroscopy ion ((27)Al(+)) to a control ion ((25)Mg(+)) in the same trap and perform state detection through off-resonant laser excitation of the spectroscopy ion that induces coherent motion. The motional amplitude, dependent on the spectroscopy ion state, is measured either by time-resolved photon counting or by resolved sideband excitations on the control ion. The first method provides a simplified way to distinguish clock states in (27)Al(+), which avoids ground-state cooling and sideband transitions. The second method reduces spontaneous emission and optical pumping on the spectroscopy ion, which we demonstrate by nondestructively distinguishing Zeeman sublevels in the (1)S(0) ground state of (27)Al(+).
C1 [Hume, D. B.; Chou, C. W.; Leibrandt, D. R.; Thorpe, M. J.; Wineland, D. J.; Rosenband, T.] NIST, Div Time & Frequency, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Hume, DB (reprint author), Univ Heidelberg, Kirchhoff Inst Phys, Neuenheimer Feld 227, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
EM dhume@kip.uni-heidelberg.de
FU AFOSR; DARPA; ONR; IARPA
FX We thank C. Oates for contributions to this work and acknowledge helpful
comments from U. Warring and R. Jordens. The work was supported by
AFOSR, the DARPA QuASaR program, ONR, and IARPA.
NR 20
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 3
U2 20
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD DEC 6
PY 2011
VL 107
IS 24
AR 243902
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.243902
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 858KR
UT WOS:000297796300004
PM 22243001
ER
PT J
AU Shen, T
Wu, W
Yu, QK
Richter, CA
Elmquist, R
Newell, D
Chen, YP
AF Shen, Tian
Wu, Wei
Yu, Qingkai
Richter, Curt A.
Elmquist, Randolph
Newell, David
Chen, Yong P.
TI Quantum Hall effect on centimeter scale chemical vapor deposited
graphene films
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID RESISTANCE; TRANSPORT; DEVICES; SERIES
AB We report observations of well developed half integer quantum Hall effect on mono layer graphene films of 7 mm x 7 mm in size. The graphene films are grown by chemical vapor deposition on copper, then transferred to SiO2/Si substrates, with typical carrier mobilities approximate to 4000 cm(2)/Vs. The large size graphene with excellent quality and electronic homogeneity demonstrated in this work is promising for graphene-based quantum Hall resistance standards and can also facilitate a wide range of experiments on quantum Hall physics of graphene and practical applications exploiting the exceptional properties of graphene. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3663972]
C1 [Shen, Tian; Chen, Yong P.] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Shen, Tian; Richter, Curt A.; Elmquist, Randolph; Newell, David] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Phys Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Wu, Wei; Yu, Qingkai] Univ Houston, Ctr Adv Mat & ECE, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
[Chen, Yong P.] Purdue Univ, Birck Nanotechnol Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Chen, Yong P.] Purdue Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Shen, T (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
EM tshen@nist.gov
RI Wu, Wei/F-5519-2011; Chen, Yong/K-7017-2012
OI Chen, Yong/0000-0002-7356-4179
FU NIST MSE [60NANB9D9175]
FX Y.P.C. acknowledges the support of NIST MSE grant 60NANB9D9175. The
authors would like to thank Shaffique Adam for discussions.
NR 28
TC 21
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U1 3
U2 22
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD DEC 5
PY 2011
VL 99
IS 23
AR 232110
DI 10.1063/1.3663972
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 861FZ
UT WOS:000298006100038
ER
PT J
AU Scherger, B
Scheller, M
Vieweg, N
Cundiff, ST
Koch, M
AF Scherger, Benedikt
Scheller, Maik
Vieweg, Nico
Cundiff, Steven T.
Koch, Martin
TI Paper terahertz wave plates
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID TIME-DOMAIN SPECTROSCOPY; SEMICONDUCTORS; BIREFRINGENCE; DIELECTRICS
AB We present a low-cost terahertz wave plate based on form birefringence fabricated using ordinary paper. Measurements of the transfer function of the wave plate between polarizers closely agree with predictions based on the measured complex indices of refraction of the effective medium. For the design frequency, the dependence on wave plate angle also agrees with theory. (C) 2011 Optical Society of America
C1 [Scherger, Benedikt; Vieweg, Nico; Cundiff, Steven T.; Koch, Martin] Univ Marburg, Fachbereich Phys, D-35032 Marburg, Germany.
[Scheller, Maik] Univ Arizona, Coll Opt Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Cundiff, Steven T.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Cundiff, Steven T.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Scherger, B (reprint author), Univ Marburg, Fachbereich Phys, Renthof 5, D-35032 Marburg, Germany.
EM benedikt.scherger@physik.uni-marburg.de
RI Cundiff, Steven/B-4974-2009
OI Cundiff, Steven/0000-0002-7119-5197
FU Friedrich Ebert Stiftung; Alexander von Humboldt Stiftung
FX B. S. acknowledges financial support from the Friedrich Ebert Stiftung.
S. T. C. would like to acknowledge funding from the Alexander von
Humboldt Stiftung.
NR 24
TC 56
Z9 56
U1 1
U2 27
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD DEC 5
PY 2011
VL 19
IS 25
BP 24884
EP 24889
DI 10.1364/OE.19.024884
PG 6
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 857FN
UT WOS:000297702400005
PM 22273881
ER
PT J
AU Gerrits, T
Thomas-Peter, N
Gates, JC
Lita, AE
Metcalf, BJ
Calkins, B
Tomlin, NA
Fox, AE
Linares, AL
Spring, JB
Langford, NK
Mirin, RP
Smith, PGR
Walmsley, IA
Nam, SW
AF Gerrits, Thomas
Thomas-Peter, Nicholas
Gates, James C.
Lita, Adriana E.
Metcalf, Benjamin J.
Calkins, Brice
Tomlin, Nathan A.
Fox, Anna E.
Linares, Antia Lamas
Spring, Justin B.
Langford, Nathan K.
Mirin, Richard P.
Smith, Peter G. R.
Walmsley, Ian A.
Nam, Sae Woo
TI On-chip, photon-number-resolving, telecommunication-band detectors for
scalable photonic information processing
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID DETECTION EFFICIENCY
AB Integration is currently the only feasible route toward scalable photonic quantum processing devices that are sufficiently complex to be genuinely useful in computing, metrology, and simulation. Embedded on-chip detection will be critical to such devices. We demonstrate an integrated photon-number-resolving detector, operating in the telecom band at 1550 nm, employing an evanescently coupled design that allows it to be placed at arbitrary locations within a planar circuit. Up to five photons are resolved in the guided optical mode via absorption from the evanescent field into a tungsten transition-edge sensor. The detection efficiency is 7.2 +/- 0.5%. The polarization sensitivity of the detector is also demonstrated. Detailed modeling of device designs shows a clear and feasible route to reaching high detection efficiencies.
C1 [Gerrits, Thomas; Lita, Adriana E.; Calkins, Brice; Tomlin, Nathan A.; Fox, Anna E.; Linares, Antia Lamas; Mirin, Richard P.; Nam, Sae Woo] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Thomas-Peter, Nicholas; Metcalf, Benjamin J.; Spring, Justin B.; Langford, Nathan K.; Walmsley, Ian A.] Univ Oxford, Clarendon Lab, Oxford OX1 3PU, England.
[Gates, James C.; Smith, Peter G. R.] Univ Southampton, Optoelect Res Ctr, Highfield SO17 1BJ, England.
RP Gerrits, T (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RI Langford, Nathan/A-5699-2012; Smith, Peter/D-5951-2016;
OI Langford, Nathan/0000-0003-4338-3059; Smith, Peter/0000-0003-0319-718X;
Mirin, Richard/0000-0002-4472-4655
FU NIST Quantum Information Initiative; EPSRC (Engineering and Physical
Sciences Research Council) [GR/S82176/01]; EU
FX This work was supported by the NIST Quantum Information Initiative, the
EPSRC (Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council) (Grant No.
GR/S82176/01) and EU IP (Integrated Project) Q-ESSENCE (Quantum
Interfaces, Sensors, and Communication based on Entanglement). I.A.W.
acknowledges the Royal Society. T.G. thanks Aaron J. Miller and M. Scott
Bradley for discussions during the preparation of this manuscript. This
material is a contribution of NIST, an agency of the US government, and
is not subject to copyright.
NR 23
TC 31
Z9 32
U1 0
U2 15
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD DEC 5
PY 2011
VL 84
IS 6
AR 060301
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.84.060301
PG 4
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 857XK
UT WOS:000297757900001
ER
PT J
AU Martin, MJ
Meiser, D
Thomsen, JW
Ye, J
Holland, MJ
AF Martin, M. J.
Meiser, D.
Thomsen, J. W.
Ye, Jun
Holland, M. J.
TI Extreme nonlinear response of ultranarrow optical transitions in cavity
QED for laser stabilization
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID VACUUM RABI PEAKS; LATTICE CLOCK; SYSTEM; TIME; SPECTROSCOPY; FREQUENCY;
METROLOGY
AB We explore the potential of direct spectroscopy of ultranarrow optical transitions of atoms localized in an optical cavity. In contrast to stabilization against a reference cavity, which is the approach currently used for the most highly stabilized lasers, stabilization against an atomic transition does not suffer from Brownian thermal noise. Spectroscopy of ultranarrow optical transitions in a cavity operates in a very highly saturated regime in which nonlinear effects such as bistability play an important role. From the universal behavior of the Jaynes-Cummings model with dissipation, we derive the fundamental limits for laser stabilization using direct spectroscopy of ultranarrow atomic lines. We find that, with current lattice clock experiments, laser linewidths of about 1 mHz can be achieved in principle, and the ultimate limitations of this technique are at the 1 mu Hz level.
C1 [Martin, M. J.; Meiser, D.; Ye, Jun; Holland, M. J.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Martin, M. J.; Meiser, D.; Ye, Jun; Holland, M. J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Thomsen, J. W.] Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
RP Martin, MJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RI Ye, Jun/C-3312-2011;
OI W. Thomsen, Jan/0000-0003-3423-6989
FU NIST; NSF; DARPA; ARO
FX We thank J. K. Thompson and J. Cooper for valuable discussions. This
work has been supported in part by NIST, NSF, DARPA, and ARO.
NR 25
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9926
EI 2469-9934
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD DEC 5
PY 2011
VL 84
IS 6
AR 063813
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.84.063813
PG 6
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 857XK
UT WOS:000297757900020
ER
PT J
AU Radic, J
Sedrakyan, TA
Spielman, IB
Galitski, V
AF Radic, J.
Sedrakyan, T. A.
Spielman, I. B.
Galitski, V.
TI Vortices in spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensates
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID NEUTRAL ATOMS; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; TRAPS
AB Realistic methods to create vortices in spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensates are discussed. It is shown that, contrary to common intuition, rotation of the trap containing a spin-orbit condensate does not lead to an equilibrium state with static vortex structures but gives rise instead to nonequilibrium behavior described by an intrinsically time-dependent Hamiltonian. We propose here the following alternative methods to induce thermodynamically stable static vortex configurations: (i) to rotate both the lasers and the anisotropic trap and (ii) to impose a synthetic Abelian field on top of synthetic spin-orbit interactions. Effective Hamiltonians for spin-orbit condensates under such perturbations are derived for most currently known realistic laser schemes that induce synthetic spin-orbit couplings. The Gross-Pitaevskii equation is solved for several experimentally relevant regimes. The new interesting effects include spatial separation of left-and right-moving spin-orbit condensates, the appearance of unusual vortex arrangements, and parity effects in vortex nucleation where the topological excitations are predicted to appear in pairs. All these phenomena are shown to be highly nonuniversal and depend strongly on a specific laser scheme and system parameters.
C1 [Radic, J.; Sedrakyan, T. A.; Spielman, I. B.; Galitski, V.] Univ Maryland, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Spielman, I. B.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Radic, J (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
FU ARO via the atomtronics MURI; DARPA; US-ARO
FX Authors are grateful to Austen Lamacraft, Egor Babaev, and Sankar Das
Sarma for useful discussions. This work was supported by ARO via the
atomtronics MURI (J. R. and I. B. S.) and DARPA's OLE program (I. B. S.)
and a US-ARO grant, "Spin-orbit-coupled BECs" (T. A. S. and V. G.).
NR 50
TC 69
Z9 70
U1 0
U2 12
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD DEC 5
PY 2011
VL 84
IS 6
AR 063604
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.84.063604
PG 14
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 857XK
UT WOS:000297757900011
ER
PT J
AU Adam, S
Jung, SY
Klimov, NN
Zhitenev, NB
Stroscio, JA
Stiles, MD
AF Adam, S.
Jung, Suyong
Klimov, Nikolai N.
Zhitenev, Nikolai B.
Stroscio, Joseph A.
Stiles, M. D.
TI Mechanism for puddle formation in graphene
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; BORON-NITRIDE;
TRANSPORT
AB When graphene is close to charge neutrality, its energy landscape is highly inhomogeneous, forming a sea of electron-like and hole-like puddles that determine the properties of graphene at low carrier density. However, the details of the puddle formation have remained elusive. We demonstrate numerically that in sharp contrast to monolayer graphene, the normalized autocorrelation function for the puddle landscape in bilayer graphene depends only on the distance between the graphene and the source of the long-ranged impurity potential. By comparing with available experimental data, we find quantitative evidence for the implied differences in scanning tunneling microscopy measurements of electron and hole puddles for monolayer and bilayer graphene in nominally the same disorder potential.
C1 [Adam, S.; Jung, Suyong; Klimov, Nikolai N.; Zhitenev, Nikolai B.; Stroscio, Joseph A.; Stiles, M. D.] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Jung, Suyong; Klimov, Nikolai N.] Univ Maryland, Maryland NanoCtr, College Pk, MD 20472 USA.
[Klimov, Nikolai N.] NIST, Phys Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Adam, S (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RI Adam, Shaffique/B-3264-2008; Stiles, Mark/K-2426-2012; Zhitenev,
Nikolai/N-1780-2014
OI Adam, Shaffique/0000-0002-3095-9920; Stiles, Mark/0000-0001-8238-4156;
FU NIST-CNST/UMD-NanoCenter
FX This work is supported in part by the NIST-CNST/UMD-NanoCenter
Cooperative Agreement. It is a pleasure to thank W. G. Cullen, M. S.
Fuhrer, and M. Polini for discussions, and P. W. Brouwer, E. Cockayne,
G. Gallatin, J. McClelland and R. McMichael for comments on the
manuscript.
NR 25
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 2
U2 24
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC 5
PY 2011
VL 84
IS 23
AR 235421
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.84.235421
PG 6
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 857ZN
UT WOS:000297765200012
ER
PT J
AU Chi, SX
Rodriguez-Rivera, JA
Lynn, JW
Zhang, CL
Phelan, D
Singh, DK
Paul, R
Dai, PC
AF Chi, Songxue
Rodriguez-Rivera, J. A.
Lynn, J. W.
Zhang, Chenglin
Phelan, D.
Singh, D. K.
Paul, R.
Dai, Pengcheng
TI Common origin of the two types of magnetic fluctuations in iron
chalcogenides
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID RAY ACTIVATION-ANALYSIS; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; FETE1-XSEX; NEUTRON
AB We use inelastic neutron scattering to study the low-energy spin excitations in moderately doped nonsuperconducting Fe1.01Te0.72Se0.28. The spin excitations in this system contain components near (0.5,0,0) and (0.5,0.5,0) in a-b plane reciprocal lattice units using tetragonal unit cell notation (a = b = 3.772 angstrom and c = 6.061 angstrom). At low energies the scattering is centered around (0.5,0,0). With increasing energy, the spectral weight of low-energy spin excitations centered around (0.5,0,0) abruptly shifts around 3 meV to the incommensurate spin excitations centered around (0.5,0.5,0). However both types of spin fluctuations exhibit the identical temperature dependence. These results indicate that the (0.5,0,0)-type spin excitations and the incommensurate excitations around the (0.5,0.5,0) position have a common origin and both must be taken into account to understand the nature of magnetism and superconducting pairing in the iron chalcogenides.
C1 [Chi, Songxue; Rodriguez-Rivera, J. A.; Lynn, J. W.; Phelan, D.; Singh, D. K.] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Chi, Songxue; Rodriguez-Rivera, J. A.; Singh, D. K.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Zhang, Chenglin; Dai, Pengcheng] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Paul, R.] NIST, Mat Measurement Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Dai, Pengcheng] Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys, Inst Phys, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China.
RP Chi, SX (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM chis@ornl.gov
RI Dai, Pengcheng /C-9171-2012; Rodriguez-Rivera, Jose/A-4872-2013; Chi,
Songxue/A-6713-2013
OI Dai, Pengcheng /0000-0002-6088-3170; Rodriguez-Rivera,
Jose/0000-0002-8633-8314; Chi, Songxue/0000-0002-3851-9153
FU US Department of Commerce; NSF [DMR-0944772]; US DOE, Basic Energy
Sciences (BES) through DOE [DE-FG02-05ER46202]; Chinese Academy of
Science; Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2012CB821400]
FX The work at NIST is supported by the US Department of Commerce. SPINS
and MACS utilized facilities supported in part by the NSF under
Agreement No. DMR-0944772. The work at the University of Tennessee is
supported by the US DOE, Basic Energy Sciences (BES), through DOE Grant
No. DE-FG02-05ER46202. The work at the Institute of Physics is supported
by the Chinese Academy of Science and by the Ministry of Science and
Technology of China 973 program (2012CB821400).
NR 53
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 19
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD DEC 5
PY 2011
VL 84
IS 21
AR 214407
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.84.214407
PG 7
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 857YM
UT WOS:000297761700004
ER
PT J
AU Turk, D
Meinen, CS
Antoine, D
McPhaden, MJ
Lewis, MR
AF Turk, D.
Meinen, C. S.
Antoine, D.
McPhaden, M. J.
Lewis, M. R.
TI Implications of changing El Nino patterns for biological dynamics in the
equatorial Pacific Ocean
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; TROPICAL PACIFIC; MODEL; EXPORT; PHOTOSYNTHESIS;
150-DEGREES-W; TEMPERATURE; VARIABILITY; CLIMATE; IMPACT
AB El Nino events are known to strongly affect biological production and ecosystem structure in the tropical Pacific. Understanding and predicting biological processes in this area are hampered because the existing in situ observing system focuses primarily on physical measurements and does not observe key biological parameters; the only high spatial and temporal resolution biology-related observations are from the global array of ocean color satellites which provide an estimate of surface chlorophyll concentrations only. Since the 1990s, an apparent shift of the El Nino maximum sea-surface temperature (SST) warm anomaly from the eastern to the central equatorial Pacific has frequently been observed. Satellite observations show significant changes in chlorophyll-a (Chl-a), new production (NP) and total primary production (PP) in the equatorial Pacific associated with these new central Pacific (CP) El Nino events (also called El Nino Modoki) relative to eastern Pacific El Ninos. During CP-El Ninos, NP, Chl-a and PP in the central basin are depressed relative to EP-El Ninos and lower values of Chl-a and PP coincide spatially with higher SST in the central Pacific. While surface Chl-a, and integrated NP and PP over the entire equatorial band, decrease during both CP and EP-El Ninos, the magnitude of this decrease seems to depend more on the intensity than type of event. The changing spatial patterns have significant implications for equatorial biological dynamics if, as has been suggested, CP-El Ninos increase in frequency in the future. Citation: Turk, D., C. S. Meinen, D. Antoine, M. J. McPhaden, and M. R. Lewis (2011), Implications of changing El Nino patterns for biological dynamics in the equatorial Pacific Ocean, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L23603, doi:10.1029/2011GL049674.
C1 [Turk, D.; Lewis, M. R.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Oceanog, Halifax, NS B3H 4J1, Canada.
[Turk, D.] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Earth Inst, Palisades, NY USA.
[Meinen, C. S.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Antoine, D.] Univ Paris 06, CNRS, LOV, F-06238 Villefranche Sur Mer, France.
[McPhaden, M. J.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Turk, D (reprint author), Dalhousie Univ, Dept Oceanog, Halifax, NS B3H 4J1, Canada.
RI Meinen, Christopher/G-1902-2012; Antoine, David/C-3817-2013; McPhaden,
Michael/D-9799-2016
OI Meinen, Christopher/0000-0002-8846-6002; Antoine,
David/0000-0002-9082-2395;
FU NSERC Canada (NETGP) [375118-08]; NOAA/AOML; NOAA Climate Program Office
FX This work was funded by the NSERC Canada (NETGP 375118-08 and Discovery
grant), the NOAA/AOML and the NOAA Climate Program Office. Special
thanks to Erick Hackert and Antonio Busalacchi for their help with AVISO
data and Bernard Gentili for PP computational assistance. Three
anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments for improving an earlier
version of this manuscript. PMEL publication number 3713. LDEO
contribution 7508.
NR 35
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 2
U2 11
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD DEC 3
PY 2011
VL 38
AR L23603
DI 10.1029/2011GL049674
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 856JG
UT WOS:000297635500001
ER
PT J
AU Bruno, TJ
Windom, BC
AF Bruno, Thomas J.
Windom, Bret C.
TI Chromatographic sample collection from two-phase (gas plus liquid) flows
SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
LA English
DT Article
DE Chromatography; Sampling; Two-phase flow
ID ATOMIC-ABSORPTION-SPECTROMETRY; THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION KINETICS;
DISTILLATION CURVE METHOD; PLASMA-MASS SPECTROMETRY; HYDRIDE GENERATION;
EMISSION-SPECTROMETRY; TUBULAR MEMBRANE; BIODIESEL FUEL; CRUDE-OIL;
SEPARATOR
AB A particularly challenging sample presentation in analytical chemistry is a flowing stream that consists of both a gas and liquid phase, combined with the common situation in which a reliable analysis is needed for both phases, separately. In these cases, the vapor and liquid must be physically separated (without change to either), before the individual phases can be collected and analyzed. It is not possible to analyze two-phase flows otherwise. Although the two phases are at equilibrium, it is imperative that no liquid contaminate the vapor, and no vapor be entrained in the liquid at a given temperature and pressure. In this paper, we describe a simple on-line device that can individually separate and collect the vapor and liquid phases of a two-phase flow. The apparatus, which we call (PSC)-S-2, uses an adaptation of the branch point separator, with vapor collection done downstream in a metal bellows. The liquid collection is done in a length of Teflon tube. The separated vapor and liquid phases are then easily transferred into any desired analytical instrument with a syringe, although any sample introduction method, such as a valve, could be used as well. We discuss the application of this device with a stream of thermally stressed rocket kerosene. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Bruno, Thomas J.; Windom, Bret C.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Thermophys Properties Div, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Bruno, TJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Thermophys Properties Div, Boulder, CO USA.
EM bruno@boulder.nist.gov
FU Air Force Research Laboratory [MIPR-F1SBAA0138G001]
FX The financial support of the Air Force Research Laboratory
(MIPR-F1SBAA0138G001) is gratefully acknowledged. BCW gratefully
acknowledges National Academy of Sciences/National Research Council
Postdoctoral Associateship.
NR 58
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0021-9673
J9 J CHROMATOGR A
JI J. Chromatogr. A
PD DEC 2
PY 2011
VL 1218
IS 48
BP 8594
EP 8599
DI 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.10.018
PG 6
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 852VV
UT WOS:000297386500004
PM 22036084
ER
PT J
AU Walsh, JE
Overland, JE
Groisman, PY
Rudolf, B
AF Walsh, John E.
Overland, James E.
Groisman, Pavel Y.
Rudolf, Bruno
TI Ongoing Climate Change in the Arctic
SO AMBIO
LA English
DT Article
DE Arctic climate; Climate change; Arctic temperature; Precipitation;
Arctic Ocean changes
ID SEA-ICE; PACIFIC; VARIABILITY; CIRCULATION; ALASKA; TRENDS; OCEAN; CLOUD
AB During the past decade, the Arctic has experienced its highest temperatures of the instrumental record, even exceeding the warmth of the 1930s and 1940s. Recent paleo-reconstructions also show that recent Arctic summer temperatures are higher than at any time in the past 2000 years. The geographical distribution of the recent warming points strongly to an influence of sea ice reduction. The spatial pattern of the near-surface warming also shows the signature of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation in the Pacific sector as well as the influence of a dipole-like circulation pattern in the Atlantic sector. Areally averaged Arctic precipitation over the land areas north of 55 degrees N shows large year-to-year variability, superimposed on an increase of about 5% since 1950. The years since 2000 have been wetter than average according to both precipitation and river discharge data. There are indications of increased cloudiness over the Arctic, especially low clouds during the warm season, consistent with a longer summer and a reduction of summer sea ice. Storm events and extreme high temperature show signs of increases. The Arctic Ocean has experienced enhanced oceanic heat inflows from both the North Atlantic and the North Pacific. The Pacific inflows evidently played a role in the retreat of sea ice in the Pacific sector of the Arctic Ocean, while the Atlantic water heat influx has been characterized by increasingly warm pulses. Recent shipboard observations show increased ocean heat storage in newly sea-ice-free ocean areas, with increased influence on autumn atmospheric temperature and wind fields.
C1 [Walsh, John E.] Univ Alaska, Int Arctic Res Ctr, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.
[Overland, James E.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Coastal & Arctic Res Div, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Groisman, Pavel Y.] NOAA, Natl Climat Data Ctr, Global Climate Applicat Div, Asheville, NC USA.
[Rudolf, Bruno] Deutsch Wetterdienst, Global Precipitat Climatol Ctr, Offenbach, Germany.
RP Walsh, JE (reprint author), Univ Alaska, Int Arctic Res Ctr, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.
EM jwalsh@iarc.uaf.edu; James.E.Overland@noaa.gov; Pasha.Groisman@noaa.gov;
Bruno.Rudolf@dwd.de
NR 47
TC 40
Z9 41
U1 7
U2 57
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0044-7447
EI 1654-7209
J9 AMBIO
JI Ambio
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 40
SU 1
BP 6
EP 16
DI 10.1007/s13280-011-0211-z
PG 11
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 959BM
UT WOS:000305284800003
ER
PT J
AU Callaghan, TV
Johansson, M
Brown, RD
Groisman, PY
Labba, N
Radionov, V
Barry, RG
Bulygina, ON
Essery, RLH
Frolov, DM
Golubev, VN
Grenfell, TC
Petrushina, MN
Razuvaev, VN
Robinson, DA
Romanov, P
Shindell, D
Shmakin, AB
Sokratov, SA
Warren, S
Yang, DQ
AF Callaghan, Terry V.
Johansson, Margareta
Brown, Ross D.
Groisman, Pavel Ya
Labba, Niklas
Radionov, Vladimir
Barry, Roger G.
Bulygina, Olga N.
Essery, Richard L. H.
Frolov, D. M.
Golubev, Vladimir N.
Grenfell, Thomas C.
Petrushina, Marina N.
Razuvaev, Vyacheslav N.
Robinson, David A.
Romanov, Peter
Shindell, Drew
Shmakin, Andrey B.
Sokratov, Sergey A.
Warren, Stephen
Yang, Daquing
TI The Changing Face of Arctic Snow Cover: A Synthesis of Observed and
Projected Changes
SO AMBIO
LA English
DT Article
DE Snow depth; Snow water equivalent; Snow cover duration; Snow cover
extent
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; NORTHERN EURASIA; DENSITY-DEPENDENCE; SVALBARD REINDEER;
POPULATION; SIMULATION; PRECIPITATION; TEMPERATURE; HEMISPHERE; DYNAMICS
AB Analysis of in situ and satellite data shows evidence of different regional snow cover responses to the widespread warming and increasing winter precipitation that has characterized the Arctic climate for the past 40-50 years. The largest and most rapid decreases in snow water equivalent (SWE) and snow cover duration (SCD) are observed over maritime regions of the Arctic with the highest precipitation amounts. There is also evidence of marked differences in the response of snow cover between the North American and Eurasian sectors of the Arctic, with the North American sector exhibiting decreases in snow cover and snow depth over the entire period of available in situ observations from around 1950, while widespread decreases in snow cover are not apparent over Eurasia until after around 1980. However, snow depths are increasing in many regions of Eurasia. Warming and more frequent winter thaws are contributing to changes in snow pack structure with important implications for land use and provision of ecosystem services. Projected changes in snow cover from Global Climate Models for the 2050 period indicate increases in maximum SWE of up to 15% over much of the Arctic, with the largest increases (15-30%) over the Siberian sector. In contrast, SCD is projected to decrease by about 10-20% over much of the Arctic, with the smallest decreases over Siberia (<10%) and the largest decreases over Alaska and northern Scandinavia (30-40%) by 2050. These projected changes will have far-reaching consequences for the climate system, human activities, hydrology, and ecology.
C1 [Callaghan, Terry V.] Royal Swedish Acad Sci, S-10405 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Johansson, Margareta] Lund Univ, Dept Earth & Ecosyst Sci, Div Phys Geog & Ecosyst Anal, S-22362 Lund, Sweden.
[Brown, Ross D.] Environm Canada, Div Climate Res, Ouranos Climate Consortium, Montreal, PQ H3A 1B9, Canada.
[Groisman, Pavel Ya] NOAA, NESDIS Natl Climat Data Ctr, Asheville, NC 28801 USA.
[Labba, Niklas] Gaisi Sami Ctr, N-9042 Lakselvbukt, Laksvatn, Norway.
[Radionov, Vladimir] AARI, St Petersburg 199397, Russia.
[Barry, Roger G.] Univ Colorado, NSIDC, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Bulygina, Olga N.] All Russian Res Inst Hydrometeorol Informat, World Data Ctr RIHMI WDC, Climatol Dept, Obninsk 249035, Kaluga Region, Russia.
[Essery, Richard L. H.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Geosci, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Frolov, D. M.; Golubev, Vladimir N.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Fac Geog, Lab Snow Avalanches & Mudflows, Moscow 119991, Russia.
[Grenfell, Thomas C.] Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Petrushina, Marina N.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Phys Geog & Landscapes, Fac Geog, Moscow 119991, Russia.
[Razuvaev, Vyacheslav N.] RIHMI WDC, Obninsk 249035, Kaluga Region, Russia.
[Robinson, David A.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Geog, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Romanov, Peter] NOAA, NESDIS, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[Shindell, Drew] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA.
[Shmakin, Andrey B.] Inst Geog, Moscow 119017, Russia.
[Sokratov, Sergey A.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Fac Geog, Nat Risks Assessment Lab, Moscow 119991, Russia.
[Warren, Stephen] Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci & Earth & Space Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Yang, Daquing] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Water & Environm Res Ctr, Fairbanks, AK USA.
RP Callaghan, TV (reprint author), Royal Swedish Acad Sci, S-10405 Stockholm, Sweden.
EM terry_callaghan@btinternet.com; margareta.johansson@nateko.lu.se;
ross.brown@ec.gc.ca; Pasha.Groisman@noaa.gov; n.labba@gmail.com;
vradion@aari.ru; rbarry@nsidc.org; bulygina@meteo.ru;
ressery@staffmail.ed.ac.uk; denisfrolovm@mail.ru; golubev@geol.msu.ru;
tcg@atmos.washington.edu; mnpetrushina@mail.ru; razuvaev@meteo.ru;
david.robinson@rutgers.edu; Peter.Romanov@noaa.gov;
drew.t.shindell@nasa.gov; ashmakin@igras.ru; sokratov@nral.org;
sgw@uw.edu; dyang3@alaska.edu
RI Golubev, Vladimir/K-1678-2012; Petrushina, Marina/K-2103-2012; Romanov,
Peter/F-5622-2010; Sokratov, Sergey/A-6602-2011; Frolov,
Denis/O-2426-2013; Bulygina, Olga/H-1251-2016; Callaghan,
Terens/N-7640-2014;
OI Romanov, Peter/0000-0002-2153-8307; Sokratov,
Sergey/0000-0001-9265-2935; Barry, Roger/0000-0001-9239-0859; Essery,
Richard/0000-0003-1756-9095
FU Swedish Environmental Protection Agency [08/210]; Swedish Research
Council FORMAS [204-2009-45]
FX We wish to thank the various national funding agencies that made this
review possible, specifically the Swedish Environmental Protection
Agency (grant number 08/210) and the Swedish Research Council FORMAS
(grant number 204-2009-45) who helped to directly support this
publication. We also gratefully acknowledge the Arctic Monitoring and
Assessment Program Secretariat and the SWIPA Integration Team in helping
to produce the original SWIPA report and the various contributing SWIPA
chapter authors including all contributing authors for the SWIPA snow
chapter. Finally, we thank reviewers of the SWIPA snow chapter,
particularly Barry Goodison.
NR 70
TC 70
Z9 72
U1 13
U2 105
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0044-7447
EI 1654-7209
J9 AMBIO
JI Ambio
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 40
SU 1
BP 17
EP 31
DI 10.1007/s13280-011-0212-y
PG 15
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 959BM
UT WOS:000305284800004
ER
PT J
AU Callaghan, TV
Johansson, M
Brown, RD
Groisman, PY
Labba, N
Radionov, V
Bradley, RS
Blangy, S
Bulygina, ON
Christensen, TR
Colman, JE
Essery, RLH
Forbes, BC
Forchhammer, MC
Golubev, VN
Honrath, RE
Juday, GP
Meshcherskaya, AV
Phoenix, GK
Pomeroy, J
Rautio, A
Robinson, DA
Schmidt, NM
Serreze, MC
Shevchenko, VP
Shiklomanov, AI
Shmakin, AB
Skold, P
Sturm, M
Woo, MK
Wood, EF
AF Callaghan, Terry V.
Johansson, Margareta
Brown, Ross D.
Groisman, Pavel Ya
Labba, Niklas
Radionov, Vladimir
Bradley, Raymond S.
Blangy, Sylvie
Bulygina, Olga N.
Christensen, Torben R.
Colman, Jonathan E.
Essery, Richard L. H.
Forbes, Bruce C.
Forchhammer, Mads C.
Golubev, Vladimir N.
Honrath, Richard E.
Juday, Glenn P.
Meshcherskaya, Anna V.
Phoenix, Gareth K.
Pomeroy, John
Rautio, Arja
Robinson, David A.
Schmidt, Niels M.
Serreze, Mark C.
Shevchenko, Vladimir P.
Shiklomanov, Alexander I.
Shmakin, Andrey B.
Skold, Peter
Sturm, Matthew
Woo, Ming-ko
Wood, Eric F.
TI Multiple Effects of Changes in Arctic Snow Cover
SO AMBIO
LA English
DT Article
DE Snow; Arctic; Climate; Albedo; Hydrology; Ecology; Biogeochemical
cycling; Geochemical processes; Forestry; Infrastructure; Tourism;
Indigenous cultures; Human health
ID HIGH-LATITUDE ECOSYSTEMS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; NORTHERN ALASKA; HEAT-BALANCE;
TUNDRA; WINTER; FOREST; REINDEER; WEATHER; REPRODUCTION
AB Snow cover plays a major role in the climate, hydrological and ecological systems of the Arctic and other regions through its influence on the surface energy balance (e.g. reflectivity), water balance (e.g. water storage and release), thermal regimes (e.g. insulation), vegetation and trace gas fluxes. Feedbacks to the climate system have global consequences. The livelihoods and well-being of Arctic residents and many services for the wider population depend on snow conditions so changes have important consequences. Already, changing snow conditions, particularly reduced summer soil moisture, winter thaw events and rain-on-snow conditions have negatively affected commercial forestry, reindeer herding, some wild animal populations and vegetation. Reductions in snow cover are also adversely impacting indigenous peoples' access to traditional foods with negative impacts on human health and well-being. However, there are likely to be some benefits from a changing Arctic snow regime such as more even run-off from melting snow that favours hydropower operations.
C1 [Callaghan, Terry V.] Royal Swedish Acad Sci, S-10405 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Johansson, Margareta; Christensen, Torben R.] Lund Univ, Dept Earth & Ecosyst Sci, Div Phys Geog & Ecosyst Anal, S-22362 Lund, Sweden.
[Brown, Ross D.] Ouranos, Montreal, PQ H3A 1B9, Canada.
[Groisman, Pavel Ya] NOAA, Global Climate Applicat Div, Natl Climat Data Ctr, Asheville, NC USA.
[Labba, Niklas] Gaisi Sami Ctr, N-9042 Lakselvbukt, Laksvatn, Norway.
[Radionov, Vladimir] AARI, St Petersburg 199397, Russia.
[Bradley, Raymond S.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Geosci, Morrill Sci Ctr 233, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Blangy, Sylvie] Univ Quebec, Montreal, PQ H3C 3P8, Canada.
[Bulygina, Olga N.] All Russian Res Inst Hydrometeorol Informat, World Data Ctr RIHMI WDC, Obninsk 249035, Kaluga Region, Russia.
[Colman, Jonathan E.] UiO, Dept Biol, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.
[Colman, Jonathan E.] UMB, Dept Ecol & Nat Resource Management, N-1432 As, Norway.
[Essery, Richard L. H.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Geosci, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Forchhammer, Mads C.] Greenland Climate Res Ctr, Nuuk, Greenland.
[Forchhammer, Mads C.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Biosci, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
[Golubev, Vladimir N.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Lab Snow Avalanches & Mudflows, Fac Geog, Moscow 119991, Russia.
[Honrath, Richard E.] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Geol & Min Engn & Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
[Honrath, Richard E.] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
[Juday, Glenn P.] Sch Nat Resources & Agr Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Phoenix, Gareth K.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Anim & Plant Sci, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England.
[Pomeroy, John] Univ Saskatchewan, Ctr Hydrol, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C8, Canada.
[Rautio, Arja] Univ Oulu, Ctr Arctic Med, Thule Inst, Oulu 90014, Finland.
[Robinson, David A.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Geog, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Schmidt, Niels M.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Biosci, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
[Serreze, Mark C.] Univ Colorado, CIRES NSIDC, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Shevchenko, Vladimir P.] PP Shirshov Inst Oceanol RAS, Moscow 117997, Russia.
[Shiklomanov, Alexander I.] Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Shmakin, Andrey B.] Inst Geog, Moscow 119017, Russia.
[Skold, Peter] Umea Univ, Ctr Sami Res, SE-90187 Umea, Sweden.
[Sturm, Matthew] USA CRREL Alaska, Ft Wainwright, AK 99703 USA.
[Woo, Ming-ko] McMaster Univ, Sch Geog & Earth Sci, W Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
[Wood, Eric F.] Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Callaghan, TV (reprint author), Royal Swedish Acad Sci, S-10405 Stockholm, Sweden.
EM terry_callaghan@btinternet.com; margareta.johansson@nateko.lu.se;
ross.brown@ec.gc.ca; Pasha.Groisman@noaa.gov; n.labba@gmail.com;
vradion@aari.ru; rbradley@geo.umass.edu; sblangy@gmail.com;
bulygina@meteo.ru; torben.christensen@nateko.lu.se;
j.e.colman@bio.uio.no; ressery@staffmail.ed.ac.uk; bforbes@ulapland.fi;
mcf@dmu.dk; golubev@geol.msu.ru; gjuday@alsaska.edu;
meschers@main.mgo.rssi.ru; g.phoenix@sheffield.ac.uk;
john.pomeroy@usask.ca; arja.rautio@oulu.fi; david.robinson@rutgers.edu;
nms@dmu.dk; serreze@nsidc.org; vshevch@ocean.ru;
Alex.Shiklomanov@unh.edu; ashmakin@igras.ru; peter.skold@cesam.umu.se;
Matthew.Sturm@usace.army.mil; woo@mcmaster.ca; efwood@princeton.edu
RI Golubev, Vladimir/K-1678-2012; Callaghan, Terens/N-7640-2014; Pomeroy,
John/A-8589-2013; Forchhammer, Mads/I-7474-2013; Schmidt, Niels
Martin/G-3843-2011; Forbes, Bruce/L-4431-2013; Meshcherskaya,
Anna/D-2807-2016; Bulygina, Olga/H-1251-2016
OI Shevchenko, Vladimir/0000-0002-9045-297X; Pomeroy,
John/0000-0002-4782-7457; Phoenix, Gareth/0000-0002-0911-8107; Essery,
Richard/0000-0003-1756-9095; Schmidt, Niels Martin/0000-0002-4166-6218;
Forbes, Bruce/0000-0002-4593-5083;
FU Swedish Environmental Protection Agency [08/210]; Swedish Research
Council FORMAS [204-2009-45]
FX The authors wish to thank the various national funding agencies that
made this review possible, specifically the Swedish Environmental
Protection Agency (grant number 08/210) and the Swedish Research Council
FORMAS (grant number 204-2009-45) who helped directly support this
publication. The authors also gratefully acknowledge the Arctic
Monitoring and Assessment Program Secretariat and the SWIPA Integration
Team in helping to produce the original SWIPA report and the various
contributing SWIPA chapter authors. Finally, the authors thank reviewers
of the SWIPA snow chapter, particularly Barry Goodison.
NR 99
TC 42
Z9 44
U1 10
U2 120
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0044-7447
J9 AMBIO
JI Ambio
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 40
SU 1
BP 32
EP 45
DI 10.1007/s13280-011-0213-x
PG 14
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 959BM
UT WOS:000305284800005
ER
PT J
AU Callaghan, TV
Johansson, M
Key, J
Prowse, T
Ananicheva, M
Klepikov, A
AF Callaghan, Terry V.
Johansson, Margareta
Key, Jeff
Prowse, Terry
Ananicheva, Maria
Klepikov, Alexander
TI Feedbacks and Interactions: From the Arctic Cryosphere to the Climate
System
SO AMBIO
LA English
DT Article
DE Feedbacks; Ocean circulation; Atmospheric circulation; Cryosphere;
Teleconnections
ID SEA-ICE; OCEAN; CYCLE; LAKES; RADIATION; SURFACE; SHIFTS; BUDGET;
TUNDRA; SOIL
AB Changes in the Arctic's climate are a result of complex interactions between the cryosphere, atmosphere, ocean, and biosphere. More feedbacks from the cryosphere to climate warming are positive and result in further warming than are negative, resulting in a reduced rate of warming or cooling. Feedbacks operate at different spatial scales; many, such as those operating through albedo and evapotranspiration, will have significant local effects that together could result in global impacts. Some processes, such as changes in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, are likely to have very small global effects but uncertainty is high whereas others, such as subsea methane (CH4) emissions, could have large global effects. Some cryospheric processes in the Arctic have teleconnections with other regions and major changes in the cryosphere have been largely a result of large-scale processes, particularly atmospheric and oceanic circulation. With continued climate warming it is highly likely that the cryospheric components will play an increasingly important climatic role. However, the net effect of all the feedbacks is difficult to assess because of the variability in spatial and temporal scales over which they operate. Furthermore, general circulation models (GCMs) do not include all major feedbacks while those included may not be accurately parameterized. The lack of full coupling between surface dynamics and the atmosphere is a major gap in current GCMs.
C1 [Callaghan, Terry V.] Royal Swedish Acad Sci, S-10405 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Johansson, Margareta] Lund Univ, Div Phys Geog & Ecosyst Anal, Dept Earth & Ecosyst Sci, S-22362 Lund, Sweden.
[Key, Jeff] NOAA, NESDIS, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Prowse, Terry] Univ Victoria, Dept Geog, Environm Canada, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada.
[Ananicheva, Maria] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Geog, Moscow 119017, Russia.
[Klepikov, Alexander] Arctic & Antarctic Res Inst, St Petersburg 199397, Russia.
RP Callaghan, TV (reprint author), Royal Swedish Acad Sci, S-10405 Stockholm, Sweden.
EM terry_callaghan@btinternet.com; margareta.johansson@nateko.lu.se;
Jeff.Key@noaa.gov; terry.prowse@ec.gc.ca; maria_anan@rambler.ru;
klep@aari.ru
RI Key, Jeffrey/F-5597-2010; Callaghan, Terens/N-7640-2014
OI Key, Jeffrey/0000-0001-6109-3050;
FU Swedish Environmental Protection Agency [08/210]; Swedish Research
Council FORMAS [204-2009-45]
FX We thank Sebastian Gerland, Mats Granskog, and two reviewers for
comments on the manuscript. We also wish to thank the various national
funding agencies that made this review possible, specifically the
Swedish Environmental Protection Agency (grant number 08/210) and the
Swedish Research Council FORMAS (grant number 204-2009-45) who helped
directly support this publication together with Environment Canada.
Prof. F. Wrona kindly facilitated and encouraged this publication. We
also gratefully acknowledge the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Program
Secretariat and the SWIPA Integration Team in helping to produce the
original SWIPA report and the various contributing SWIPA chapter
authors.
NR 68
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U1 4
U2 61
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0044-7447
EI 1654-7209
J9 AMBIO
JI Ambio
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 40
SU 1
BP 75
EP 86
DI 10.1007/s13280-011-0215-8
PG 12
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 959BM
UT WOS:000305284800009
ER
PT J
AU Olsen, MS
Callaghan, TV
Reist, JD
Reiersen, LO
Dahl-Jensen, D
Granskog, MA
Goodison, B
Hovelsrud, GK
Johansson, M
Kallenborn, R
Key, J
Klepikov, A
Meier, W
Overland, JE
Prowse, TD
Sharp, M
Vincent, WF
Walsh, J
AF Olsen, M. S.
Callaghan, T. V.
Reist, J. D.
Reiersen, L. O.
Dahl-Jensen, D.
Granskog, M. A.
Goodison, B.
Hovelsrud, G. K.
Johansson, M.
Kallenborn, R.
Key, J.
Klepikov, A.
Meier, W.
Overland, J. E.
Prowse, T. D.
Sharp, M.
Vincent, W. F.
Walsh, J.
TI The Changing Arctic Cryosphere and Likely Consequences: An Overview
SO AMBIO
LA English
DT Article
DE Climate change; Snow; Permafrost; Arctic; Feedbacks; Ecology; Sea level;
Greenland Ice Sheet; Mountain glaciers; Ice caps; Sea ice; Lake ice;
River ice; Society; Culture; Peoples
AB The Arctic cryosphere is a critically important component of the earth system, affecting the energy balance, atmospheric and ocean circulation, freshwater storage, sea level, the storage, and release of large quantities of greenhouse gases, economy, infrastructure, health, and indigenous and non-indigenous livelihoods, culture and identity. Currently, components of the Arctic cryosphere are subjected to dramatic change due to global warming. The need to document, understand, project, and respond to changes in the cryosphere and their consequences stimulated a comprehensive international assessment called "SWIPA'': Snow, Water, Ice, Permafrost in the Arctic. Some of the extensive key SWIPA chapters have been summarized and made more widely available to a global audience with multi-disciplinary interests in this Special Report of Ambio. In this article, an overview is provided of this Special Report in the context of the more detailed and wider scope of the SWIPA Report. Accelerated changes in major components of the Arctic cryosphere are documented. Evidence of feedback mechanisms between the cryosphere and other parts of the climate system are identified as contributing factors to enhanced Arctic warming while the growing importance of Arctic land-based ice as a contributor to global sea-level rise is quantified. Cryospheric changes will result in multifaceted and cascading effects for people within and beyond the Arctic presenting both challenges and opportunities.
C1 [Olsen, M. S.] Danish Energy Agcy, DK-1256 Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Callaghan, T. V.] Royal Swedish Acad Sci, S-10405 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Reist, J. D.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N6, Canada.
[Reiersen, L. O.] AMAP, N-0032 Oslo, Norway.
[Dahl-Jensen, D.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Granskog, M. A.] Norwegian Polar Res Inst, Fram Ctr, N-9296 Tromso, Norway.
[Goodison, B.] World Meteorol Org, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
[Kallenborn, R.] Norwegian Univ Life Sci UMB, Dept Chem Biotechnol & Food Sci IKBM, N-1432 As, Norway.
[Key, J.] NOAA, NESDIS, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Klepikov, A.] Arctic & Antarctic Res Inst, St Petersburg 199397, Russia.
[Meier, W.] Univ Colorado, NSIDC, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Overland, J. E.] NOAA, Coastal & Arctic Res Div, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA USA.
[Prowse, T. D.] Univ Victoria, Dept Geog, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada.
[Prowse, T. D.] Environm Canada, Victoria, BC, Canada.
[Sharp, M.] Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada.
[Vincent, W. F.] Univ Laval, Dept Biol, Quebec City, PQ G1V 0A6, Canada.
[Vincent, W. F.] Univ Laval, CEN, Quebec City, PQ G1V 0A6, Canada.
[Walsh, J.] Univ Alaska, Int Arctic Res Ctr, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.
RP Olsen, MS (reprint author), Danish Energy Agcy, Amaliegade 44, DK-1256 Copenhagen, Denmark.
EM mso@ens.dk; terry_callaghan@btinternet.com; Jim.Reist@dfo-mpo.gc.ca;
lars-otto.reiersen@amap.no; ddj@gfy.ku.dk; mats.granskog@npolar.no;
barrygo@rogers.com; grete.hovelsrud@nforsk.no;
margareta.johansson@nateko.lu.se; roland.kallenborn@umb.no;
Jeff.Key@noaa.gov; klep@aari.ru; walt@nsidc.org;
James.E.Overland@noaa.gov; terry.prowse@ec.gc.ca;
martin.sharp@ualberta.ca; warwick.vincent@bio.ulaval.ca;
jwalsh@iarc.uaf.edu
RI Kallenborn, Roland/F-8368-2011; Key, Jeffrey/F-5597-2010; Callaghan,
Terens/N-7640-2014; Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe/N-4401-2016;
OI Kallenborn, Roland/0000-0003-1703-2538; Key,
Jeffrey/0000-0001-6109-3050; Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe/0000-0002-1474-1948;
Vincent, Warwick/0000-0001-9055-1938; Meier, Walter/0000-0003-2857-0550
FU Canada Council of Ministers; Denmark Council of Ministers; Norway
Council of Ministers; Nordic Council of Ministers; Swedish Environmental
Protection Agency [08/210]; Swedish Research Council FORMAS
[204-2009-45]
FX We thank all the participants in the SWIPA process, and particularly the
numerous authors of the AMAP SWIPA report and this Ambio Special Report
for contributing to the completion of a comprehensive assessment of the
changing Arctic cryosphere, its climatic drivers and multiple
consequences. Numerous national funding agencies supported the SWIPA
process and we are grateful for this support. We are grateful for
financial contributions to the SWIPA production from Canada, Denmark,
Norway, and Nordic Council of Ministers. We are particularly grateful to
the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency (grant number 08/210) and
the Swedish Research Council FORMAS (grant number 204-2009-45) for the
grants to TVC and MJ for the publication of this special issue, to
Environment Canada for a further grant to TDP to complete the financing
of the publication, and finally to Professor F. Wrona for facilitating
this.
NR 26
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PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0044-7447
J9 AMBIO
JI Ambio
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 40
SU 1
BP 111
EP 118
DI 10.1007/s13280-011-0220-y
PG 8
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 959BM
UT WOS:000305284800012
ER
PT J
AU Banakar, V
de Magny, GC
Jacobs, J
Murtugudde, R
Huq, A
Wood, RJ
Colwell, RR
AF Banakar, Vinita
de Magny, Guillaume Constantin
Jacobs, John
Murtugudde, Raghu
Huq, Anwar
Wood, Robert J.
Colwell, Rita R.
TI Temporal and Spatial Variability in the Distribution of Vibrio
vulnificus in the Chesapeake Bay: A Hindcast Study
SO ECOHEALTH
LA English
DT Article
DE Vibrio vulnificus; hindcast; Chesapeake Bay; empirical habitat model
ID UNITED-STATES; GULF-COAST; NONCULTURABLE STATE; INFECTIOUS-DISEASE;
WATER TEMPERATURE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; CHOLERAE; SALINITY; ENVIRONMENT;
DYNAMICS
AB Vibrio vulnificus, an estuarine bacterium, is the causative agent of seafood-related gastroenteritis, primary septicemia, and wound infections worldwide. It occurs as part of the normal microflora of coastal marine environments and can be isolated from water, sediment, and oysters. Hindcast prediction was undertaken to determine spatial and temporal variability in the likelihood of occurrence of V. vulnificus in surface waters of the Chesapeake Bay. Hindcast predictions were achieved by forcing a multivariate habitat suitability model with simulated sea surface temperature and salinity in the Bay for the period between 1991 and 2005 and the potential hotspots of occurrence of V. vulnificus in the Chesapeake Bay were identified. The likelihood of occurrence of V. vulnificus during high and low rainfall years was analyzed. From results of the study, it is concluded that hindcast prediction yields an improved understanding of environmental conditions associated with occurrence of V. vulnificus in the Chesapeake Bay.
C1 [de Magny, Guillaume Constantin; Colwell, Rita R.] Univ Maryland, Inst Adv Comp Studies, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Banakar, Vinita; Murtugudde, Raghu] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[de Magny, Guillaume Constantin] Ctr Rech IRD, MIVEGEC UMR CNRS IRD UM1 5290, Montpellier, France.
[Jacobs, John; Wood, Robert J.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Cooperat Oxford Lab, Oxford, MD USA.
[Banakar, Vinita; Huq, Anwar; Colwell, Rita R.] Univ Maryland, Maryland Pathogen Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Colwell, Rita R.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA.
RP Colwell, RR (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Inst Adv Comp Studies, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM rcolwell@umiacs.umd.edu
FU National Institutes of Health-Fogarty International Center
[1RC1TW008587-01]; National Science Foundation (NSF) [0813066]; National
Institutes of Health [1 R01 A139129-01]; NOAA [SO660009]
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Matt Rhodes in the
development of the V. vulnificus empirical habitat suitability model
(NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 112). This work was supported in
part by National Institutes of Health-Fogarty International Center Grant
No. 1RC1TW008587-01, National Science Foundation (NSF) Grant No.
0813066, National Institutes of Health Grant No. 1 R01 A139129-01, and
Distinguished Scholar in Oceans and Human Health, NOAA Grant No.
SO660009 for the Advanced Study Institute for Earth System Prediction.
Raghu Murtugudde acknowledges the Chesapeake Bay grant from NOAA and the
generous support of the Divecha Center for Climate Change,
IISc-Bangalore and IITM-Pune.
NR 55
TC 17
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U1 1
U2 21
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1612-9202
J9 ECOHEALTH
JI EcoHealth
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 8
IS 4
BP 456
EP 467
DI 10.1007/s10393-011-0736-4
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 947QR
UT WOS:000304445100006
PM 22302219
ER
PT J
AU Sommariva, R
Bates, TS
Bon, D
Brookes, DM
de Gouw, JA
Gilman, JB
Herndon, SC
Kuster, WC
Lerner, BM
Monks, PS
Osthoff, HD
Parker, AE
Roberts, JM
Tucker, SC
Warneke, C
Williams, EJ
Zahniser, MS
Brown, SS
AF Sommariva, Roberto
Bates, Tim S.
Bon, Daniel
Brookes, Daniel M.
de Gouw, Joost A.
Gilman, Jessica B.
Herndon, Scott C.
Kuster, William C.
Lerner, Brian M.
Monks, Paul S.
Osthoff, Hans D.
Parker, Alex E.
Roberts, James M.
Tucker, Sara C.
Warneke, Carsten
Williams, Eric J.
Zahniser, Mark S.
Brown, Steven S.
TI Modelled and measured concentrations of peroxy radicals and nitrate
radical in the US Gulf Coast region during TexAQS 2006
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Peroxy radicals; RO2; Nitrate radical; NO3; MCM; TexAQS 2006
ID MARINE BOUNDARY-LAYER; VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; MASTER CHEMICAL
MECHANISM; MCM V3 PART; TROPOSPHERIC DEGRADATION; AIR-QUALITY;
AEROSOL-PARTICLES; HO2 CHEMISTRY; RO2 RADICALS; OH
AB Measurements of total peroxy radicals (HO2 + RO2) and nitrate radical (NO3) were made on the NOAA research vessel R/V along the U.S. Gulf Coast during the TexAQS 2006 field campaign. The measurements were modelled using a constrained box-model based upon the Master Chemical Mechanism (MCM). The agreement between modelled and measured HO2 + RO2 was typically within similar to 40% and, in the unpolluted regions, within 30%. The analysis of the model results suggests that the MCM might underestimate the concentrations of some acyl peroxy radicals and other small peroxy radicals. The model underestimated the measurements of NO3 by 60-70%, possibly because of rapid heterogeneous uptake of N2O5. The MCM model results were used to estimate the composition of the peroxy radical pool and to quantify the role of DMS, isoprene and alkenes in the formation of RO2 in the different regions. The measurements of HO2 + RO2 and NO3 were also used to calculate the gas-phase budget of NO3 and quantify the importance of organic peroxy radicals as NO3 sinks. RO2 accounted, on average, for 12-28% of the total gas-phase NO3 losses in the unpolluted regions and for 1-2% of the total gas-phase NO3 losses in the polluted regions.
C1 [Sommariva, Roberto; Bon, Daniel; de Gouw, Joost A.; Gilman, Jessica B.; Kuster, William C.; Lerner, Brian M.; Osthoff, Hans D.; Roberts, James M.; Tucker, Sara C.; Warneke, Carsten; Williams, Eric J.; Brown, Steven S.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Sommariva, Roberto; Bon, Daniel; de Gouw, Joost A.; Gilman, Jessica B.; Kuster, William C.; Lerner, Brian M.; Osthoff, Hans D.; Tucker, Sara C.; Warneke, Carsten; Williams, Eric J.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Bates, Tim S.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Brookes, Daniel M.; Monks, Paul S.; Parker, Alex E.] Univ Leicester, Dept Chem, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England.
[Herndon, Scott C.; Zahniser, Mark S.] Aerodyne Res Inc, Billerica, MA 01821 USA.
RP Sommariva, R (reprint author), Univ E Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England.
EM r.sommariva@uea.ac.uk
RI Warneke, Carsten/E-7174-2010; Roberts, James/A-1082-2009; Kuster,
William/E-7421-2010; Lerner, Brian/H-6556-2013; Gilman,
Jessica/E-7751-2010; Brown, Steven/I-1762-2013; Sommariva,
Roberto/M-5361-2014; de Gouw, Joost/A-9675-2008; Monks,
Paul/H-6468-2016; Bates, Timothy/L-6080-2016; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Osthoff, Hans/0000-0001-7155-6493; Roberts, James/0000-0002-8485-8172;
Kuster, William/0000-0002-8788-8588; Lerner, Brian/0000-0001-8721-8165;
Gilman, Jessica/0000-0002-7899-9948; Sommariva,
Roberto/0000-0002-2728-5814; de Gouw, Joost/0000-0002-0385-1826; Monks,
Paul/0000-0001-9984-4390;
FU NOAA; Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ)
FX We thank the crew of the NOAA R/V Brown for their contribution to the
field work. Thanks to M.J. Pilling and C.J. Martin for assistance in
setting up the MCM model and to A. Bonzanini for help in assembling the
appendix. This work was funded in part by NOAA's Air Quality and
Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate Programs and in part by the Texas
Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ).
NR 48
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U1 2
U2 22
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-7764
J9 J ATMOS CHEM
JI J. Atmos. Chem.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 68
IS 4
BP 331
EP 362
DI 10.1007/s10874-012-9224-7
PG 32
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 940DV
UT WOS:000303871100004
ER
PT J
AU Kim, Z
Vlahacos, CP
Hoffman, JE
Grover, JA
Voigt, KD
Cooper, BK
Ballard, CJ
Palmer, BS
Hafezi, M
Taylor, JM
Anderson, JR
Dragt, AJ
Lobb, CJ
Orozco, LA
Rolston, SL
Wellstood, FC
AF Kim, Z.
Vlahacos, C. P.
Hoffman, J. E.
Grover, J. A.
Voigt, K. D.
Cooper, B. K.
Ballard, C. J.
Palmer, B. S.
Hafezi, M.
Taylor, J. M.
Anderson, J. R.
Dragt, A. J.
Lobb, C. J.
Orozco, L. A.
Rolston, S. L.
Wellstood, F. C.
TI Thin-film superconducting resonator tunable to the ground-state
hyperfine splitting of Rb-87
SO AIP ADVANCES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1st International Conference on Phononic Crystals, Metamaterials and
Optomechanics
CY MAY 29-JUN 02, 2011
CL Santa Fe, NM
AB We describe a thin-film superconducting Nb microwave resonator, tunable to within 0.3 ppm of the hyperfine splitting of Rb-87 at fRb = 6.834683 GHz. We coarsely tuned the resonator using electron-beam lithography, decreasing the resonance frequency from 6.8637 GHz to 6.8278 GHz. For in situ fine tuning at 15 mK, the resonator inductance was varied using a piezoelectric stage to move a superconducting pin above the resonator. We found a maximum frequency shift of about 8.7 kHz per 60-nm piezoelectric step and a tuning range of 18 MHz. Copyright 2011 Author(s). This article is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. [doi:10.1063/1.3651466]
C1 [Kim, Z.; Hoffman, J. E.; Grover, J. A.; Voigt, K. D.; Cooper, B. K.; Hafezi, M.; Taylor, J. M.; Anderson, J. R.; Dragt, A. J.; Lobb, C. J.; Orozco, L. A.; Rolston, S. L.; Wellstood, F. C.] Univ Maryland, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Kim, Z.; Hoffman, J. E.; Grover, J. A.; Voigt, K. D.; Cooper, B. K.; Hafezi, M.; Taylor, J. M.; Anderson, J. R.; Dragt, A. J.; Lobb, C. J.; Orozco, L. A.; Rolston, S. L.; Wellstood, F. C.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Vlahacos, C. P.; Cooper, B. K.; Anderson, J. R.; Lobb, C. J.; Wellstood, F. C.] Ctr Nanophys & Adv Mat, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Ballard, C. J.] Trevecca Nazarene Coll, Nashville, TN 37210 USA.
[Palmer, B. S.] Lab Phys Sci, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Hafezi, M.; Taylor, J. M.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Kim, Z (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RI Taylor, Jacob/B-7826-2011; rolston, steven/L-5175-2013; Hafezi,
Mohammad/A-1197-2008
OI Taylor, Jacob/0000-0003-0493-5594; rolston, steven/0000-0003-1671-4190;
Hafezi, Mohammad/0000-0003-1679-4880
FU NSF through the Physics Frontier Center at the Joint Quantum Institute
FX The authors acknowledge discussions with J. Lawall and A.
Rauschenbeutel. This research was supported by NSF through the Physics
Frontier Center at the Joint Quantum Institute.
NR 14
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 2158-3226
J9 AIP ADV
JI AIP Adv.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 1
IS 4
AR 042107
DI 10.1063/1.3651466
PG 6
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Physics, Applied
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics
GA 916ZG
UT WOS:000302141100032
ER
PT J
AU Wallis, TM
Kim, K
Filipovic, DS
Kabos, P
AF Wallis, T. Mitch
Kim, Kichul
Filipovic, Dejan S.
Kabos, Pavel
TI Nanofibers for RF and Beyond
SO IEEE MICROWAVE MAGAZINE
LA English
DT Article
ID WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; ELECTRICAL CHARACTERIZATION;
INTEGRATED-CIRCUIT; GAN NANOWIRES; GHZ; INTERCONNECTS; TRANSISTOR;
TRANSPORT; ANTENNAS
C1 [Wallis, T. Mitch; Kabos, Pavel] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Electromagnet Div, Boulder, CO USA.
[Kim, Kichul; Filipovic, Dejan S.] Univ Colorado, Dept Elect Comp & Energy Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Wallis, TM (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Electromagnet Div, Boulder, CO USA.
EM mwallis@boulder.nist.gov
NR 34
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U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1527-3342
EI 1557-9581
J9 IEEE MICROW MAG
JI IEEE Microw. Mag.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 12
IS 7
BP 51
EP 61
DI 10.1109/MMM.2011.942763
PG 11
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 895RE
UT WOS:000300513200008
ER
PT J
AU Romanyukha, A
Minniti, R
Moscovitch, M
Thompson, AK
Trompier, F
Colle, R
Sucheta, A
Voss, SP
Benevides, LA
AF Romanyukha, A.
Minniti, R.
Moscovitch, M.
Thompson, A. K.
Trompier, F.
Colle, R.
Sucheta, A.
Voss, S. P.
Benevides, L. A.
TI Effect of neutron irradiation on dosimetric properties of TLD-600H
((LiF)-Li-6:Mg,Cu,P)
SO RADIATION MEASUREMENTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Neutron dosimetry; TLD; Tritium; Albedo dosimetry; Lithium fluoride
ID LIF-MG,CU,P
AB Ideally, dosimeters should measure the dose without their dosimetric properties being affected by the radiation type being measured. Industry-wide occupational radiation workers that can be potentially exposed to neutron radiation fields are routinely monitored by thermoluminescent (TLD) dosimeters. The neutron dose measured by these devices is obtained from the interaction products of thermal (slow) neutrons and Li-6. The number of alpha particle and H-3(-) ions (tritium) released in the (n, Li-6) reaction is proportional to the dose received by the dosimeter. It is a common practice to evaluate the neutron dose indirectly from these products. In this work we present for the first time direct evidence that the neutron exposure to LiF:Mg,Cu,P (TLD-600H) can have deleterious effects on the dosimetric properties of one of the most commonly utilized dosimeters in the world. The interstitial non-negligible tritium dose contribution to the dosimeter is a result of the beta decay of the tritium nuclei interstitially present in the material. If not accounted for the effect of this self irradiation can directly affect the measured occupational dose to workers. In order to estimate the significance of these effects, tritium dose buildup was measured in the TLD-600H irradiated to different neutron doses from a reactor and a Cf-252 source and then calculated in terms of a daily dose buildup rate. The effect of the self irradiation on these dosimeters resulting from tritium decay was extensively studied. The TLD dosimeters that were exposed to neutron doses show a significant dose buildup even after they have been annealed, i.e. even after the signal produced by the incident neutron dose is completely erased from the lower energy trap states of the dosimeter. The other discovered effect of neutron irradiation on TLD-600H is a significant loss in the detection sensitivity (up to 15%). Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Romanyukha, A.; Sucheta, A.; Voss, S. P.; Benevides, L. A.] Naval Dosimetry Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
[Minniti, R.; Thompson, A. K.; Colle, R.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Moscovitch, M.] Georgetown Univ, Georgetown, DC USA.
[Trompier, F.] Inst Radioprotect & Surete Nucl, Fontenay Aux Roses, France.
RP Romanyukha, A (reprint author), Naval Dosimetry Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
EM aromanyukha@usuhs.mil
OI TROMPIER, Francois/0000-0002-8776-6572
FU U.S. Department of Defense
FX The study was funded through U.S. Department of Defense operational and
maintenance budget. The funding source did not play any role in this
study design, the collection, analysis and interpretation of data. The
views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not
reflect necessarily the official policy or position of the Department of
the Navy, Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government.
NR 10
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 8
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1350-4487
J9 RADIAT MEAS
JI Radiat. Meas.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 46
IS 12
SI SI
BP 1426
EP 1431
DI 10.1016/j.radmeas.2011.06.066
PG 6
WC Nuclear Science & Technology
SC Nuclear Science & Technology
GA 894WY
UT WOS:000300459400022
ER
PT J
AU Sasso, CR
Epperly, SP
Johnson, C
AF Sasso, Christopher R.
Epperly, Sheryan P.
Johnson, Chris
TI ANNUAL SURVIVAL OF LOGGERHEAD SEA TURTLES (CARETTA CARETTA) NESTING IN
PENINSULAR FLORIDA: A CAUSE FOR CONCERN
SO HERPETOLOGICAL CONSERVATION AND BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Atlantic Ocean; Caretta caretta; known fate; Loggerhead Sea Turtle;
mortality; satellite tags
ID POPULATION; MORTALITY; MODEL
AB To estimate annual survival rates of adult female Loggerhead Sea Turtles (Caretta caretta) in the Peninsular Florida subpopulation, we deployed pop-up archival transmitting tags on 30 Loggerhead turtles nesting at Juno Beach, Florida in 2009. We received data from 29 tags, which we used to estimate annual survival rates and assess the disposition of the animal at the time of tag release. A turtle could have survived the one-year deployment, could have died, or its fate may be unknown if a tag transmitted prematurely for no discernible cause. Annual survival was estimated to be 0.41 (0.20-0.65, 95% CI), but when assuming that all turtles whose fate was unknown had survived for one year survival was estimated to be 0.60 (0.40-0.78). These estimates are considerably lower than previous estimates for this subpopulation (range: 0.73-0.85) and raise concern for the recovery and conservation of the species.
C1 [Sasso, Christopher R.; Epperly, Sheryan P.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Johnson, Chris] Loggerhead Marine Life Ctr, Juno Beach, FL 33408 USA.
RP Sasso, CR (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, 75 Virginia Beach Dr, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM Chris.Sasso@noaa.gov; Sheryan.Epperly@noaa.gov; chris@marinelife.org
NR 17
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 18
PU HERPETOLOGICAL CONSERVATION & BIOLOGY
PI CORVALLIS
PA C/O R BRUCE BURY, USGS FOREST & RANGELAND, CORVALLIS, OR 00000 USA
SN 1931-7603
J9 HERPETOL CONSERV BIO
JI Herpetol. Conserv. Biol.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 6
IS 3
BP 443
EP 448
PG 6
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 893UO
UT WOS:000300382200013
ER
PT J
AU Haeffner, F
Merle, JK
Irikura, KK
AF Haeffner, Fredrik
Merle, John K.
Irikura, Karl K.
TI N-Protonated Isomers as Gateways to Peptide Ion Fragmentation
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Article
DE CID; Conformation; Fragmentation; Gas phase; Helix; Leu-enkephalin;
Macrodipole; Mass spectrometry; Mobile proton model; Peptide;
Polyalanine; Proton affinity; Quantum chemistry
ID COLLISION-INDUCED DISSOCIATION; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORY; AMIDE
BOND-CLEAVAGE; GAS-PHASE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ALPHA-HELICES; TEMPERATURE;
STABILITY; SPECTRA; ENERGY
AB According to the popular "mobile proton model" for peptide ion fragmentation in tandem mass spectrometry, peptide bond cleavage is typically preceded by intramolecular proton transfer from basic sites to an amide nitrogen in the backbone. If the intrinsic barrier to dissociation is the same for all backbone sites, the fragmentation propensity at each amide bond should reflect the stability of the corresponding N-protonated isomer. This hypothesis was tested by using ab initio and force-field computations on several polyalanines and Leu-enkephalin. The results agree acceptably with experimental reports, supporting the hypothesis. It was found that backbone N-protonation is most favorable near the C-terminus. The preference for C-terminal N-protonation, which is stronger for longer polyalanines, may be understood in terms of the well known "helix macrodipole" in the corresponding helical conformations. The opposite stability trend is found for peptides constrained to be linear, which is initially surprising but turns out to be consistent with the reversed direction of the macrodipole in the linear conformation.
C1 [Haeffner, Fredrik; Irikura, Karl K.] NIST, Computat Chem Grp, Chem & Biochem Reference Data Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Merle, John K.] Winston Salem State Univ, Dept Chem, Winston Salem, NC 27110 USA.
RP Irikura, KK (reprint author), NIST, Computat Chem Grp, Chem & Biochem Reference Data Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM karl.irikura@nist.gov
RI Irikura, Karl/A-4266-2009
OI Irikura, Karl/0000-0001-7515-6761
NR 70
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1044-0305
J9 J AM SOC MASS SPECTR
JI J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 22
IS 12
BP 2222
EP 2231
DI 10.1007/s13361-011-0241-6
PG 10
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry,
Physical; Spectroscopy
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA 893MQ
UT WOS:000300360400014
PM 21952782
ER
PT J
AU Terceiro, M
AF Terceiro, Mark
TI The summer flounder chronicles II: new science, new controversy,
2001-2010
SO REVIEWS IN FISH BIOLOGY AND FISHERIES
LA English
DT Review
DE Summer flounder; Fisheries; Assessment; Management
ID LOCALLY WEIGHTED REGRESSION; PARALICHTHYS-DENTATUS; ATLANTIC COD; SIZE;
EGGS; VIABILITY; SUCCESS; LARVAE
AB The summer flounder, or fluke, Paralichthys dentatus, supports the most important commercial and recreational flatfish fisheries of the US Atlantic coast. The stock and fishery range from Massachusetts to North Carolina. The assessment and management of the summer flounder fishery has been very contentious since implementation of the joint Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission/Mid-Atlantic Fishery Management Council Fishery Management Plan (FMP) in 1989, when the poor status of the summer flounder stock was evident to scientists, managers, and fishermen. Management efforts to control fishing mortality in the face of increasing stock abundance and competing demand for fish from both the commercial and recreational sectors continue to evoke the question of "How much fish is enough?" to provide for long-term sustainability. In spite of the numerous controversies, however, by 2010 the fishing mortality on summer flounder had declined to its lowest level in at least 30 years, and summer flounder stock biomass was the highest since the stock assessments began in the 1960s. From a scientific perspective, future assessments need to: (a) better account for the uncertainty resulting from "internal model" retrospective error, (b) better integrate environmental, ecological, and other non-traditional calibration indices into the modeling framework, and (c) better discern summer flounder stock-recruitment dynamics by considering covariates such as environmental factors and predator/prey abundance. Initiatives are underway to acquire improved fishery and biological data to allow the assessments to better reflect the true "state of nature."
C1 Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02548 USA.
RP Terceiro, M (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NE Fisheries Sci Ctr, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02548 USA.
EM mtercer@mercury.wh.whoi.edu
NR 72
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 3
U2 14
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0960-3166
J9 REV FISH BIOL FISHER
JI Rev. Fish. Biol. Fish.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 21
IS 4
BP 681
EP 712
DI 10.1007/s11160-011-9207-9
PG 32
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 889XA
UT WOS:000300107600003
ER
PT J
AU Bjorkstedt, EP
Goericke, R
McClatchie, S
Weber, E
Watson, W
Lo, N
Peterson, B
Emmett, B
Brodeur, R
Peterson, J
Litz, M
Gomez-Valdez, J
Gaxiola-Castro, G
Lavaniegos, B
Chavez, F
Collins, CA
Field, J
Sakuma, K
Warzybok, P
Bradley, R
Jahncke, J
Bograd, S
Schwing, F
Campbell, GS
Hildebrand, J
Sydeman, W
Thompson, SA
Largier, JL
Halle, C
Kim, SY
Abell, J
AF Bjorkstedt, Eric P.
Goericke, Ralf
McClatchie, Sam
Weber, Ed
Watson, William
Lo, Nancy
Peterson, Bill
Emmett, Bob
Brodeur, Ric
Peterson, Jay
Litz, Marisa
Gomez-Valdez, Jose
Gaxiola-Castro, Gilberto
Lavaniegos, Bertha
Chavez, Francisco
Collins, Curtis A.
Field, John
Sakuma, Keith
Warzybok, Pete
Bradley, Russell
Jahncke, Jaime
Bograd, Steven
Schwing, Franklin
Campbell, Gregory S.
Hildebrand, John
Sydeman, William
Thompson, Sarah Ann
Largier, John L.
Halle, Chris
Kim, Sung Yong
Abell, Jeff
TI STATE OF THE CALIFORNIA CURRENT 2010-2011: REGIONALLY VARIABLE RESPONSES
TO A STRONG (BUT FLEETING?) LA NINA
SO CALIFORNIA COOPERATIVE OCEANIC FISHERIES INVESTIGATIONS REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID CLIMATE; OCEAN; SEABIRD; ECOSYSTEM; SYSTEM; REGIME; GROWTH
AB The state of the California Current system (CCS) since spring 2010 has evolved in response to the development of cooler La Nina following the dissipation of the relatively weak and short-lived El Nino event of 2009-2010. The 2009-2010 El Nino appears to have dissipated quite rapidly in early spring 2010, yet the transition to anomalously cool conditions followed somewhat later with the onset of anomalously strong upwelling throughout the CCS in summer 2010 and the development of unusually-in some cases record-cool conditions throughout the CCS. However, following the fairly consistent emergence of cooler La Nina conditions across the CCS going into summer 2010, regional contrasts were apparent. Off southern California, the effects of both the 2009-2010 El Nino and subsequent return to La Nina conditions appear to have had modest effects on the system, and the patterns that attract interest appear to be unfolding over longer time scales (e.g., freshening of upper water column and trends in nitrate and oxygen concentrations). In contrast, the northern California Current has exhibited much more dramatic short-term changes over the past two years, due in part to greater variability in environmental forcing affecting this region. Ecosystem responses also varied across the CCS. The pelagic ecosystem off central and southern California showed evidence of enhanced productivity, in terms of rockfish recruitment, seabird abundance and reproductive success, etc., and the planktonic assemblage off Baja California indicated a resurgence of crustacean zooplankton following a period dominated by gelatinous zooplankton. Off northern California and Oregon, however, the return to La Nina conditions did not entirely reverse changes in the copepod assemblage arising during the 2009-2010 El Nino, which-may have contributed to low at-sea survival of juvenile salmon. At the time of writing, tropical conditions are ENSO-neutral and forecast to remain so into fall 2011 and possibly into early 2012, yet the PDO remained strongly negative into summer 2011. It is uncertain whether the return to cool conditions observed in the past year will continue to govern the state of the California Current.
C1 [Bjorkstedt, Eric P.] Humboldt State Univ, NOAA Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Ecol Div, Trinidad, CA 95570 USA.
[Bjorkstedt, Eric P.] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Fisheries Biol, Trinidad, CA 95570 USA.
[Goericke, Ralf; Campbell, Gregory S.; Hildebrand, John; Kim, Sung Yong] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[McClatchie, Sam; Weber, Ed; Watson, William; Lo, Nancy] SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA Fisheries Serv, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Peterson, Bill; Emmett, Bob; Brodeur, Ric] Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, NOAA Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Peterson, Jay; Litz, Marisa] Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Cooperat Inst Marine Resource Studies, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Gomez-Valdez, Jose; Gaxiola-Castro, Gilberto; Lavaniegos, Bertha] CICESE, Div Oceanol, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico.
[Chavez, Francisco] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA.
[Collins, Curtis A.] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Field, John; Sakuma, Keith] SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA Fisheries Serv, Fisheries Ecol Div, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Bograd, Steven; Schwing, Franklin] SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA Fisheries Serv, Div Environm Res, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
[Warzybok, Pete; Bradley, Russell; Jahncke, Jaime] PRBO Conservat Sci, Petaluma, CA 94954 USA.
[Sydeman, William; Thompson, Sarah Ann] Farallon Inst Adv Ecosyst Res, Petaluma, CA 94952 USA.
[Largier, John L.; Halle, Chris] Univ Calif Davis, Bodega Marine Lab, Bodega Bay, CA 94923 USA.
[Abell, Jeff] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Oceanog, Arcata, CA 95521 USA.
RP Bjorkstedt, EP (reprint author), Humboldt State Univ, NOAA Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Ecol Div, POB 690, Trinidad, CA 95570 USA.
RI Kim, Sung Yong/B-9852-2009; Weber, Edward/A-6986-2009; Gomez-Valdes,
Jose/B-9846-2016
OI Kim, Sung Yong/0000-0003-1962-8992; Weber, Edward/0000-0002-0942-434X;
Gomez-Valdes, Jose/0000-0002-8528-7826
FU CICESE; SEMARNAT-CONACYT [23804, 107267]; SEP-CONACYT [129611, 82529];
NOAA's FATE; SAIP; CAMEO; California Ocean Protection Council;
California Sea Grant; NOAA; NSF; NASA; Sonoma County Water Agency; State
of California under the Coastal Ocean Currents Monitoring Program
(COCMP); National Science Foundation (NSF); Office of Naval Research
(ONR)
FX We thank three anonymous reviewers for their comments, which improved
the present paper and also provide useful guidance for development of
future reports in this series. Xuemei Qiu prepared several figures for
the basin- and regional-scale review. The IMECOCAL program thanks
officers and crew of the CICESE RV Francisco de Ulloa, as well as
students, technicians, and researchers participating in the surveys.
Special thanks to Martin De la Cruz-Orozco for assistance in cruise
coordination and chlorophyll analysis, Jose Luis Cadena for zooplankton
counting, and R. Durazo for CTD data processing. IMECOCAL surveys were
supported by CICESE, SEMARNAT-CONACYT 23804 and 107267, and SEP-CONACYT
projects (129611, 82529). Observations along the Newport Hydrographic
Line and off the OR-WA coast were supported in part by NOAA's FATE and
SAIP programs and CAMEO. Trinidad Head Line surveys were supported by
NOAA Fisheries Service and the California Ocean Protection Council and
by the able efforts of Captain Scott Martin and the crew of the RV Coral
Sea, Phil White, Kathryn Crane, Jose Montoya, and the many HSU students
and volunteers who sailed on these cruises. Phil White assisted with
analysis of CTD data from the Trinidad Head Line. Seabird surveys in
recent years were supported by grants from the California Ocean
Protection Council, California Sea Grant, NOAA, NSF, and NASA. Sonoma
County Water Agency funds observations along the Bodega Line. HF radar
mapping ocean surface currents has been sponsored by the State of
California under the Coastal Ocean Currents Monitoring Program (COCMP),
the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the National
Science Foundation (NSF), Office of Naval Research (ONR). HF radar data
were provided by Scripps Institution of Oceanography at University of
California, San Diego; University of Southern California; Marine Science
Institute at University of California, Santa Barbara; California
Polytechnic State University; Naval Postgraduate School; Romberg Tiburon
Center at San Francisco State University; Humboldt State University;
Bodega Marine Laboratory at University of California, Davis; and Oregon
State University.
NR 43
TC 35
Z9 35
U1 0
U2 18
PU SCRIPPS INST OCEANOGRAPHY
PI LA JOLLA
PA A-003, LA JOLLA, CA 92093 USA
SN 0575-3317
J9 CAL COOP OCEAN FISH
JI Calif. Coop. Ocean. Fish. Invest. Rep.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 52
BP 36
EP 68
PG 33
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 886LI
UT WOS:000299855500003
ER
PT J
AU Litz, MNC
Phillips, AJ
Brodeur, RD
Emmett, RL
AF Litz, Marisa N. C.
Phillips, A. Jason
Brodeur, Richard D.
Emmett, Robert L.
TI SEASONAL OCCURRENCES OF HUMBOLDT SQUID (DOSIDICUS GIGAS) IN THE NORTHERN
CALIFORNIA CURRENT SYSTEM
SO CALIFORNIA COOPERATIVE OCEANIC FISHERIES INVESTIGATIONS REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID EASTERN PACIFIC-OCEAN; GULF-OF-CALIFORNIA; HAKE MERLUCCIUS-PRODUCTUS;
COLUMBIA RIVER PLUME; JUMBO SQUID; RANGE EXPANSION; ADDITIVE-MODELS;
ABUNDANCE; OMMASTREPHIDAE; CEPHALOPODA
AB Recent visits by Humboldt squid (Dosidicus gigas) to the northern California Current system (CCS) were suggested to be related to larger climatic events such as El Nino, global warming, and expansion and shoaling of the oxygen minimum zone. Due to their plasticity in foraging behavior, coupled with an increased availability of prey resources, these excursions may also represent opportunistic foraging explorations. Fisheries-independent surveys initiated by the Northwest Fisheries Science Center in 1998 first encountered Humboldt squid in coastal waters off central Oregon and Washington in 2004. Squid ranging from 36-79 cm mantle length were caught during the following six years of sampling (2004-2009), with individuals generally increasing in abundance shoreward in late summer. The highest observed densities were in 2009 and measured 1,671 squid (10(6) m(3))(-1). Physical features associated with increased squid catch included station depth, subsurface water temperature, ocean salinity, ocean density, and dissolved oxygen. In addition, the arrival of Humboldt squid onto the shelf in late summer was coincident with declines of juvenile (10-30 cm total length) Pacific hake (Merluccius productus), in contrast to the typical increases of hake recorded in late summer during recent years. Our results suggest that predator-prey interactions and ocean conditions in the CCS epipelagic zone lead to seasonal expansions, yet unsuccessful colonization attempts, by Humboldt squid populations. Identifying the economic and ecological impacts of this newly arrived predator should be a top research priority.
C1 [Litz, Marisa N. C.; Phillips, A. Jason] Oregon State Univ, Cooperat Inst Marine Resources Studies, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Brodeur, Richard D.; Emmett, Robert L.] NOAA Fisheries NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Estuarine & Ocean Ecol Program, Newport Res Stn, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
RP Litz, MNC (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Cooperat Inst Marine Resources Studies, 2030 Marine Sci Dr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
EM litzm@onid.orst.edu
FU Bonneville Power Administration; NWFSC
FX The authors would like to thank the captains and crew of the F/V Piky
and the R/V Miller Freeman for their expertise in conducting all
research trawls used for this study We are grateful to T. Britt for
managing the SAIP database. T. Auth generously provided all SAIP study
CTD data and provided valuable comments on an earlier draft of this
manuscript, along with P Bentley and A. Claiborne, to whom we are also
indebted for their tireless efforts in the field. We would also like to
thank M. Hunsicker, J. Holmes, and two anonymous reviewers for their
helpful comments and constructive criticism. We are grateful to L.
Ciannelli and J. Ruzicka for providing insight on statistical methods
and ecosystem modeling techniques we consider important for future
endeavors. Conversations with J. Field and W. Gilly about Humboldt squid
feeding habits and physiology were invaluable. Funding for the
collection and analysis of these data comes from the Bonneville Power
Administration and the NWFSC Stock Assessment Improvement Program.
NR 36
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 3
U2 32
PU SCRIPPS INST OCEANOGRAPHY
PI LA JOLLA
PA A-003, LA JOLLA, CA 92093 USA
SN 0575-3317
J9 CAL COOP OCEAN FISH
JI Calif. Coop. Ocean. Fish. Invest. Rep.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 52
BP 97
EP 108
PG 12
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 886LI
UT WOS:000299855500006
ER
PT J
AU Mazzillo, FFM
Field, JC
Staaf, DJ
Carter, ML
Ohman, MD
AF Mazzillo, Fernanda F. M.
Field, John C.
Staaf, Danna J.
Carter, Melissa L.
Ohman, Mark D.
TI A NOTE ON THE DETECTION OF THE NEUROTOXIN DOMOIC ACID IN BEACH-STRANDED
DOSIDICUS GIGAS IN THE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA BIGHT
SO CALIFORNIA COOPERATIVE OCEANIC FISHERIES INVESTIGATIONS REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID SCALLOP PECTEN-MAXIMUS; LIONS ZALOPHUS-CALIFORNIANUS;
GULF-OF-CALIFORNIA; JUMBO SQUID; SEA LIONS; TISSUE DISTRIBUTION;
PSEUDO-NITZSCHIA; GLUTAMATE RECEPTORS; CRASSOSTREA-GIGAS;
OCTOPUS-VULGARIS
AB The first occurrence of the neurotoxin domoic acid (DA) in Humboldt squid (Dosidicus gigas) during a toxic Pseudo-nitzschia bloom in the Southern California Bight is reported. Bloom levels of cells within the Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima group were detected on 6 July 2009 at 4 nearshore collection sites in the Southern California Bight (Scripps Pier, Newport Pier, Goleta Pier and Sterns Wharf). Particulate DA was detected in all of these locations, except for Newport Pier. Stranded Humboldt squid were found south of the Scripps pier 5 days after the toxic bloom was detected. DA was measured using ELISA and low DA concentrations were detected in the stomach or mantle tissue of the stranded specimens. Stomach content analysis indicated that possible DA vectors to Humboldt squid included both pelagic (Pacific hake, Merluccius productus, and Pacific sardine, Sardinops sagax) and nearshore (pile surfperch, Damalichthys vacca, and shiner surfperch, Cymatogaster aggregata) fish species. Although low DA levels were detected in stranded squid specimens, neurological symptoms of DA toxicity were not observed and low DA concentrations alone may not have been the cause of the strandings. Further studies should focus on DA toxic effects in D. gigas to verify whether this pelagic predator can be affected by a toxin frequently detected in pelagic ecosystems influenced by the California Current System.
C1 [Mazzillo, Fernanda F. M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ocean Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Field, John C.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Ecol Div, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Staaf, Danna J.] Stanford Univ, Hopkins Marine Stn, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
[Carter, Melissa L.; Ohman, Mark D.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RP Mazzillo, FFM (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ocean Sci, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
EM mazzillo@gmail.com
FU NSF; NOAA IOOS through the SCCOOS [UCSD 20081362]
FX We thank M. Silver for valuable comments on this manuscript; E. Seubert
for analyzing particulate DA samples and water sample collection; M.
Hilbern, R. Shipe, and J. Goodman for sample collection and cell counts;
C. Shadle, A. Lemke, and J. Webb for assistance with sampling stranded
squids; A.Townsend for shipping samples; B. Matsubu for help compiling
the media accounts of strandings;W. Walker for help with otolith
identification; and E. Hubach for assistance with squid toxin
extractions; and the three anonymous reviewers. We also thank the
Pelagic Invertebrates Collection of the Scripps Institution of
Oceanography for the use of facilities, the NSF for funding the
California Current Ecosystem LTER site, NOAA for supporting travel to La
Jolla and the pier-based harmful algal bloom monitoring funded by NOAA
IOOS through the SCCOOS, Grant No. UCSD 20081362.
NR 59
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 5
PU SCRIPPS INST OCEANOGRAPHY
PI LA JOLLA
PA A-003, LA JOLLA, CA 92093 USA
SN 0575-3317
J9 CAL COOP OCEAN FISH
JI Calif. Coop. Ocean. Fish. Invest. Rep.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 52
BP 109
EP 115
PG 7
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 886LI
UT WOS:000299855500007
ER
PT J
AU Fissel, BE
Lo, NCH
Herrick, SF
AF Fissel, Benjamin E.
Lo, Nancy C. H.
Herrick, Samuel F., Jr.
TI DAILY EGG PRODUCTION, SPAWNING BIOMASS AND RECRUITMENT FOR THE CENTRAL
SUBPOPULATION OF NORTHERN ANCHOVY 1981-2009
SO CALIFORNIA COOPERATIVE OCEANIC FISHERIES INVESTIGATIONS REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID ENGRAULIS-MORDAX; LARVAL; MORTALITY; GROWTH; FISHES; MODEL
AB This paper updates estimates of critical stock assessment parameters for the central subpopulation of northern anchovy (Engraulis mordax). Ichthyoplankton data from the CalCOFI database were used to implement the historical egg production method and estimate annual mortality curves, from which daily egg production, and egg and larval mortality parameters were derived. Spawning biomass was estimated using historical data under the assumption of a constant daily specific fecundity. A Ricker recruitment model, augmented with environmental factors, was estimated based on historical data and used to predict recruitment using the new spawning biomass data. We found that egg densities were highly variable while larval densities have been persistently low since 1989. Recruitment estimation suggests that poor environmental conditions have potentially contributed to the low productivity. Mortality estimation reveals through an increasing egg mortality rate that low larval densities were primarily the result of high mortality during the pre-yolk-sac period.
C1 [Fissel, Benjamin E.] NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Econ & Social Sci Res Program, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Lo, Nancy C. H.; Herrick, Samuel F., Jr.] SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Resources Div, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Fissel, BE (reprint author), NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Econ & Social Sci Res Program, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM Ben.Fissel@noaa.gov; Nancy.Lo@noaa.gov; Sam.Herrick@noaa.gov
NR 39
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 10
PU SCRIPPS INST OCEANOGRAPHY
PI LA JOLLA
PA A-003, LA JOLLA, CA 92093 USA
SN 0575-3317
J9 CAL COOP OCEAN FISH
JI Calif. Coop. Ocean. Fish. Invest. Rep.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 52
BP 116
EP 135
PG 20
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 886LI
UT WOS:000299855500008
ER
PT J
AU Powell, AM
Xu, JJ
AF Powell, Alfred M., Jr.
Xu, Jianjun
TI Comparisons of temperature response to solar forcing in the pre- and
post periods of satellite data assimilation
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE temperature; solar forcing; satellite data assimilation
ID LOWER-STRATOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE; MICROWAVE SOUNDING UNIT;
NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE; TROPOSPHERIC RESPONSE; REANALYSIS PROJECT; MIDDLE
ATMOSPHERE; CYCLE VARIABILITY; CLIMATE; OZONE; SIGNAL
AB On the basis of both composite and multiple linear regression analysis, three temperature datasets from two reanalyses and one set of satellite observations have been used to evaluate the different responses in the winter [DecemberFebruary (DJF)] period as they relate to solar forcing between the pre- and post periods of satellite data assimilation. The two periods are defined as 1958-1978 when no satellite data was available to be assimilated and the 1979-2002 period when satellite data was assimilated in the operational forecast models. The solar forcing signal for the two periods can be identified as significant in the extremes of the solar cycle (maximum and minimum). The composite analysis shows that the solar response of the DJF temperatures in the three datasets shows large-scale similarities although there are differences over the southern middle-high latitudes and some tropical areas. The stratospheric response showed the strongest DJF temperature anomalies related to solar variability occurring over the Arctic, but its sign is negative in 1979-2002 and positive in 1958-1978 for solar maximum activity. The stratospheric temperature response can be confirmed using a multiple regression analysis. The temperature features may be partially explained by the impacts of heating via ozone absorption, and is reinforced by the solar cycle, El-Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO), stratospheric quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO), volcanic eruptions and other factors. In contrast, the tropospheric response, with a dynamic wavelike structure, occurs over the middle latitudes. The tropospheric differences between the two periods are not clearly resolved and raise questions about the efficacy of the observations and our ability to use the observations effectively. Copyright (c) 2010 Royal Meteorological Society
C1 [Powell, Alfred M., Jr.; Xu, Jianjun] NOAA NESDIS STAR, IMSG, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[Powell, Alfred M., Jr.] NOAA NESDIS, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res STAR, Camp Springs, MD USA.
RP Powell, AM (reprint author), NOAA NESDIS STAR, IMSG, 5200 Auth Rd,WWB, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
EM Al.Powell@noaa.gov; Jianjun.xu@noaa.gov
RI Xu, Jianjun/E-7941-2011; Powell, Alfred/G-4059-2010
OI Powell, Alfred/0000-0002-9289-8369
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); National
Environmental Satellite, Data and Information Service (NESDIS); Center
for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR)
FX This work was supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA), National Environmental Satellite, Data and
Information Service (NESDIS) and Center for Satellite Applications and
Research (STAR). The views, opinions and findings contained in this
publication are those of the authors and should not be considered an
official NOAA or U.S. Government position, policy or decision.
NR 61
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0899-8418
EI 1097-0088
J9 INT J CLIMATOL
JI Int. J. Climatol.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 31
IS 15
BP 2312
EP 2329
DI 10.1002/joc.2239
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 860LV
UT WOS:000297950700008
ER
PT J
AU Sun, L
Zheng, QA
Wang, DX
Hu, JY
Tai, CK
Sun, ZY
AF Sun, Lu
Zheng, Quanan
Wang, Dongxiao
Hu, Jianyu
Tai, Chang-Kuo
Sun, Zhenyu
TI A case study of near-inertial oscillation in the South China Sea using
mooring observations and satellite altimeter data
SO JOURNAL OF OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Near-inertial oscillation; Parametric subharmonic instability; South
China Sea; Mesoscale eddies; Satellite altimeter data
ID OCEAN CURRENT RESPONSE; INTERNAL WAVES; HURRICANE; DYNAMICS; COAST;
WATER; LAYER
AB A near-inertial oscillation (NIO) burst event in the west South China Sea (SCS) was observed by an upward-looking mooring Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) in summer 2004. The mooring station was located at 13.99 degrees N, 110.52 degrees E. The spectral analysis reveals that typhoon Chanchu is a major mechanism in triggering the NIO burst event. Before typhoon Chanchu passed over, the NIO signals were quite weak. The NIO band becomes the most energetic constituent of the circulation during the typhoon-wake period. The average peak power density (PD) reaches (5.3 +/- 2.6) x 10(2) cm(2) s(-2) (cycles per hour, cph)(-1) with a maximum value of 9.0 x 10(2) cm(2) s(-2) cph(-1), i.e., 3.1 times higher than that of diurnal tide (DT), (1.7 +/- 0.5) x 10(2) cm(2) s(-2) cph(-1). At the upper (80 m) and sub-upper (208 m) layers, the central frequency of the NIO band is 0.022 cph with a blueshift of about 9% above the inertial frequency f (0.02015 cph). At the lower layer (400 m), the central frequency of the NIO band is 0.021 cph with a blueshift of about 4% above the inertial frequency. The blueshifts are explained partially by the Doppler shift induced by the vorticity of mesoscale eddies. During the after-typhoon period, a resonance-like process between NIO and DT is observed in the upper layer. As the NIO frequency approaches the DT subharmonic frequency (0.5K(1)), the PD of the NIO band rises sharply accompanied by a sharp drop of the PD of the DT band. The PD ratio of the two bands increases from 4.5 during the typhoon-wake period to 8 during the after-typhoon period, indicating the effect of the parametric subharmonic instability (PSI) mechanism.
C1 [Zheng, Quanan] Univ Maryland, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Sun, Lu; Wang, Dongxiao] Chinese Acad Sci, State Key Lab Trop Oceanog, S China Sea Inst Oceanog, Guangzhou 510301, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
[Sun, Lu] State Ocean Adm, S China Sea Environm Monitoring Ctr, S China Sea Branch, Guangzhou 510301, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
[Zheng, Quanan; Hu, Jianyu; Sun, Zhenyu] Xiamen Univ, State Key Lab Marine Environm Sci, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, Peoples R China.
[Tai, Chang-Kuo] NOAA NESDIS, WWBG, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
RP Zheng, QA (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM quanan@atmos.umd.edu
RI Tai, C.K./F-5628-2010; Ma, Wentao/A-8800-2010; WANG,
DongXiao/B-4445-2012
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [40976013, 40830851];
National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2011CB403504];
United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National
Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service [3000-11-03241]
FX This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of
China through project 40976013 (for Sun and Hu) and 40830851 (for Wang),
the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) project
2011CB403504 (for Wang), and the United States National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration National Environmental Satellite, Data, and
Information Service Ocean Remote Sensing Program 3000-11-03241 (for
Zheng and Tai). The MADT data are downloaded from the website of the
Archiving, Validation and Interpretation of Satellite Oceanographic data
(Aviso). Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations
expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily
reflect the views of National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
The authors appreciate helpful comments by three anonymous reviewers.
NR 40
TC 15
Z9 21
U1 3
U2 22
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0916-8370
J9 J OCEANOGR
JI J. Oceanogr.
PD DEC
PY 2011
VL 67
IS 6
BP 677
EP 687
DI 10.1007/s10872-011-0081-9
PG 11
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 881YU
UT WOS:000299529000002
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EF