FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™
VR 1.0
PT J
AU Bianchi, D
Sarmiento, JL
Gnanadesikan, A
Key, RM
Schlosser, P
Newton, R
AF Bianchi, Daniele
Sarmiento, Jorge L.
Gnanadesikan, Anand
Key, Robert M.
Schlosser, Peter
Newton, Robert
TI Low helium flux from the mantle inferred from simulations of oceanic
helium isotope data
SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE helium isotopes; degassing; mantle geochemistry; ocean tracers
ID MID-ATLANTIC RIDGE; EAST PACIFIC RISE; PRIMORDIAL HE-3; SOUTH ATLANTIC;
NORTH-ATLANTIC; DEEP-WATER; CIRCULATION; EARTH; NEON; GEOCHEMISTRY
AB The high (3)He/(4)He isotopic ratio of oceanic helium relative to the atmosphere has long been recognized as the signature of mantle (3)He outgassing from the Earth's interior. The outgassing flux of helium is frequently used to normalize estimates of chemical fluxes of elements from the solid Earth, and provides a strong constraint to models of mantle degassing. Here we use a suite of ocean general circulation models and helium isotope data obtained by the World Ocean Circulation Experiment to constrain the flux of helium from the mantle to the oceans. Our results suggest that the currently accepted flux is overestimated by a factor of 2. We show that a flux of 527 +/- 102 mol year(-1) is required for ocean general circulation models that produce distributions of ocean ventilation tracers such as radiocarbon and chlorofluorocarbons that match observations. This new estimate calls for a reevaluation of the degassing fluxes of elements that are currently tied to the helium fluxes, including noble gases and carbon dioxide. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bianchi, Daniele; Sarmiento, Jorge L.; Gnanadesikan, Anand; Key, Robert M.] Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Gnanadesikan, Anand] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Schlosser, Peter; Newton, Robert] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
[Schlosser, Peter] Columbia Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, New York, NY USA.
[Schlosser, Peter] Columbia Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Engn, New York, NY USA.
RP Bianchi, D (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
EM dbianchi@princeton.edu; jls@princeton.edu; anand.gnanadesikan@noaa.gov;
key@princeton.edu; schlosser@ldeo.columbia.edu;
bnewton@ldeo.columbia.edu
RI Schlosser, Peter/C-6416-2012; Gnanadesikan, Anand/A-2397-2008
OI Schlosser, Peter/0000-0002-6514-4203; Gnanadesikan,
Anand/0000-0001-5784-1116
FU DOE [DOE-DE-FGO2-OTER64467]; NOAA [NA08OAR4310820, NA08OAR4320752,
NA03OAR4320179]
FX We are deeply grateful to all the people who contributed to the
collection of the data that made this study possible, including helium
isotopes, neon, tritium. CFCs and hydrographic data. We thank the
principal investigators for WOCE helium measurements, H. Craig, W.
Jenkins, J. Lupton, W. Roether, Z. Top. We thank R. Lumpkin and S.
Downes for providing the estimates of the overturning. D. Bianchi was
supported by DOE grant DOE-DE-FGO2-OTER64467. J. Sarmiento participation
in this work was supported by NOAA grant NA08OAR4320752. R. Key received
support from NOAA grants NA08OAR4310820 and NA08OAR4320752. P. Schlosser
received support from NOAA grants NA08OAR4320752 and NA03OAR4320179.
NR 42
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 1
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0012-821X
J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT
JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.
PD SEP 1
PY 2010
VL 297
IS 3-4
BP 379
EP 386
DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2010.06.037
PG 8
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 654ZE
UT WOS:000282209300004
ER
PT J
AU Lepage, A
Hopper, MW
Delgado, SA
Dragovich, JJ
AF Lepage, Andres
Hopper, Michael W.
Delgado, Sebastian A.
Dragovich, Jeff J.
TI Best-fit models for nonlinear seismic response of reinforced concrete
frames
SO ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
LA English
DT Article
DE Frequency domain error; Hysteresis; Nonlinear dynamic analysis;
Time-history analysis
AB This paper identifies the optimal combination of hysteresis-modeling and damping parameters for use in practical nonlinear dynamic analysis to obtain satisfactory correlations in both amplitude and waveform between the calculated and measured seismic response of reinforced concrete frames. In this study, frame members are characterized by five modeling parameters: initial stiffness, bond-slip rotations, post-yield stiffness, unloading stiffness, and viscous damping. The calculated response is compared with measured data from three small-scale shake-table multistory test structures and from a seven-story instrumented building. The three test specimens (structures MF1, MF2, and FNW) are each analyzed for two different base acceleration tests whereas the seven-story building (Holiday Inn at Van Nuys, CA) is analyzed using a single recorded seismic event (1994 Northridge) in each of the two principal directions of the building (structures HNS and HEW). Analyses for all five structures are carried out using three different computer programs. The goodness-of-fit of the computed response to the recorded experimental data is measured by the Frequency Domain Error (FDE) index. Simplified rules are presented to derive the best modeling characterizations that give consistent low values of FOE for the various structures and structural analysis programs considered. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lepage, Andres] Penn State Univ, Dept Architectural Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Delgado, Sebastian A.] Univ Zulia, Fac Ingn, Dept Estruct, Maracaibo, Zulia, Venezuela.
[Dragovich, Jeff J.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Bldg & Fire Res Lab MS 8604, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Lepage, A (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Architectural Engn, 104 Engn Unit A Univ Pk, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM lepage@psu.edu
NR 18
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0141-0296
J9 ENG STRUCT
JI Eng. Struct.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 32
IS 9
BP 2931
EP 2939
DI 10.1016/j.engstruct.2010.05.012
PG 9
WC Engineering, Civil
SC Engineering
GA 652HU
UT WOS:000281995300038
ER
PT J
AU Anenberg, SC
Horowitz, LW
Tong, DQ
West, JJ
AF Anenberg, Susan C.
Horowitz, Larry W.
Tong, Daniel Q.
West, J. Jason
TI An Estimate of the Global Burden of Anthropogenic Ozone and Fine
Particulate Matter on Premature Human Mortality Using Atmospheric
Modeling
SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
LA English
DT Article
DE air pollution; atmospheric chemistry model; health effects of air
pollution; health impact analysis; ozone; particulate matter
ID AIR-POLLUTION; EMISSION CONTROLS; TRENDS; ASSOCIATION; TRANSPORT;
EXPOSURE; QUALITY; IMPACTS; US
AB BACKGROUND: Ground-level concentrations of ozone (O-3) and fine particulate matter [<= 2.5 mu m in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5)] have increased since preindustrial times in urban and rural regions and are associated with cardiovascular and respiratory mortality.
OBJECTIVES: We estimated the global burden of mortality due to O-3 and PM2.5 from anthropogenic emissions using global atmospheric chemical transport model simulations of preindustrial and present-day (2000) concentrations to derive exposure estimates.
METHODS: Attributable mortalities were estimated using health impact functions based on long-term relative risk estimates for O-3 and PM2.5 from the epidemiology literature. Using simulated concentrations rather than previous methods based on measurements allows the inclusion of rural areas where measurements are often unavailable and avoids making assumptions for background air pollution.
RESULTS: Anthropogenic O-3 was associated with an estimated 0.7 +/- 0.3 million respiratory mortalities (6.3 +/- 3.0 million years of life lost) annually. Anthropogenic PM2.5 was associated with 3.5 +/- 0.9 million cardiopulmonary and 220,000 +/- 80,000 lung cancer mortalities (30 +/- 7.6 million years of life lost) annually. Mortality estimates were reduced approximately 30% when we assumed low-concentration thresholds of 33.3 ppb for O-3 and 5.8 mu g/m(3) for PM2.5. These estimates were sensitive to concentration thresholds and concentration-mortality relationships, often by > 50%.
CONCLUSIONS: Anthropogenic O-3 and PM2.5 contribute substantially to global premature mortality. PM2.5 mortality estimates are about 50% higher than previous measurement-based estimates based on common assumptions, mainly because of methodologic differences. Specifically, we included rural populations, suggesting higher estimates; however, the coarse resolution of the global atmospheric model may underestimate urban PM2.5 exposures.
C1 [Anenberg, Susan C.; West, J. Jason] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
[Horowitz, Larry W.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Tong, Daniel Q.] Sci & Technol Corp, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP West, JJ (reprint author), 146B Rosenau Hall,CB 7431, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
EM jjwest@email.unc.edu
RI Tong, Daniel/A-8255-2008; West, Jason/J-2322-2015;
OI Tong, Daniel/0000-0002-4255-4568; West, Jason/0000-0001-5652-4987;
Henderson, Barron/0000-0002-6755-3051; Horowitz,
Larry/0000-0002-5886-3314
FU Merck Foundation and Clean Air Task Force; University of North Carolina
Institute for the Environment; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
(National Network for Environmental Management Studies)
FX This work was supported by the Merck Foundation and Clean Air Task
Force, the University of North Carolina Institute for the Environment,
and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (National Network for
Environmental Management Studies).; S.C.A. and J.J.W. received
unrestricted funding from the Merck Foundation to support a related
project, and the Merck Foundation was unaware of this research. D.Q.T.
is an employee of Science and Technology Corporation, working at
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration facilities. L.W.H.
declares he has no actual or potential competing financial interests.
NR 41
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Z9 172
U1 16
U2 130
PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE
PI RES TRIANGLE PK
PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233,
RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA
SN 0091-6765
EI 1552-9924
J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP
JI Environ. Health Perspect.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 118
IS 9
BP 1189
EP 1195
DI 10.1289/ehp.0901220
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 647MB
UT WOS:000281621500002
PM 20382579
ER
PT J
AU Sanger, D
Hernandez, D
Libes, S
Voulgaris, G
Davis, B
Smith, E
Shuford, R
Porter, D
Koepfler, E
Bennett, J
AF Sanger, Denise
Hernandez, Debra
Libes, Susan
Voulgaris, George
Davis, Braxton
Smith, Erik
Shuford, Rebecca
Porter, Dwayne
Koepfler, Eric
Bennett, Joseph
TI A Case History of the Science and Management Collaboration in
Understanding Hypoxia Events in Long Bay, South Carolina, USA
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Hypoxia; Water quality; Science to management; Coastal resource
management; Long Bay; South Carolina
ID DECISION-MAKING; ECOSYSTEM; RESPONSES; DIALOGUE
AB Communication of knowledge between the scientific and management communities is a difficult process complicated by the distinctive nature of professional career goals of scientists and decision-makers. This article provides a case history highlighting a collaboration between the science and management communities that resulted from a response to a 2004 hypoxia, or low dissolved oxygen, event in Long Bay, off Myrtle Beach, South Carolina. A working group of scientists and decision-makers was established at the time of the event and has continued to interact to develop a firm understanding of the drivers responsible for hypoxia formation in Long Bay. Several factors were found to be important to ensure that these collaborative efforts were productive: (1) genuine interest in collaboratively working across disciplines to examine a problem; (2) commitment by agency leadership, decision-makers, and researchers to create successful communication mechanisms; (3) respect for each others' perspectives and an understanding how science and management are performed and that they are not mutually exclusive; (4) networking among researchers and decision-makers to ensure appropriate team members are involved in the process; (5) use of decision-maker input in the formulation of research and monitoring projects; and (6) commitment of resources for facilitation to ensure that researchers and decision-makers are communicating effectively.
C1 [Sanger, Denise] S Carolina Sea Grant Consortium, Charleston, SC 29401 USA.
[Hernandez, Debra] SE Coastal Ocean Observing Reg Assoc, Charleston, SC USA.
[Libes, Susan; Koepfler, Eric; Bennett, Joseph] Coastal Carolina Univ, Dept Marine Sci, Conway, SC USA.
[Voulgaris, George] Univ S Carolina, Earth & Ocean Sci Dept, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Davis, Braxton] S Carolina Dept Hlth & Environm Control, Charleston, SC USA.
[Smith, Erik] N Inlet Winyah Bay Natl Estuarine Res Reserve, Georgetown, SC USA.
[Shuford, Rebecca] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Fisheries Off Sci & Technol, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Porter, Dwayne] Univ S Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
RP Sanger, D (reprint author), S Carolina Sea Grant Consortium, 287 Meeting St, Charleston, SC 29401 USA.
EM denise.sanger@scseagrant.org
RI Voulgaris, George/A-7593-2014
OI Voulgaris, George/0000-0002-0667-8870
NR 23
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 7
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0364-152X
EI 1432-1009
J9 ENVIRON MANAGE
JI Environ. Manage.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 46
IS 3
BP 340
EP 350
DI 10.1007/s00267-010-9529-8
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 652CQ
UT WOS:000281979100003
PM 20676889
ER
PT J
AU Ge, ZF
Nevers, MB
Schwab, DJ
Whitman, RL
AF Ge, Zhongfu
Nevers, Meredith B.
Schwab, David J.
Whitman, Richard L.
TI Coastal Loading and Transport of Escherichia coli at an Embayed Beach in
Lake Michigan
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID FECAL BACTERIA; WATER; COLI; MODEL; VARIABILITY; CALIFORNIA; SWASH; SAND
AB A Chicago beach in southwest Lake Michigan was revisited to determine the influence of nearshore hydrodynamic effects on the variability of Escherichia coli (E. coli) concentration in both knee-deep and offshore waters. Explanatory variables that could be used for identifying potential bacteria loading mechanisms, such as bed shear stress due to a combined wave-current boundary layer and wave runup on the beach surface, were derived from an existing wave and current database. The derived hydrodynamic variables, along with the actual observed E. coli concentrations in the submerged and foreshore sands, were expected to reveal bacteria loading through nearshore sediment resuspension and swash on the beach surface, respectively. Based on the observation that onshore waves tend to result in a more active hydrodynamic system at this embayed beach, multiple linear regression analysis of onshore-wave cases further indicated the significance of sediment resuspension and the interaction of swash with gull-droppings in explaining the variability of E. coli concentration in the knee-deep water. For cases with longshore currents, numerical simulations using the Princeton Ocean Model revealed current circulation patterns inside the embayment, which can effectively entrain bacteria from the swash zone into the central area of the embayed beach water and eventually release them out of the embayment The embayed circulation patterns are consistent with the statistical results that identified that 1) the submerged sediment was an additional net source of E. coli to the offshore water and 21 variability of E. coli concentration in the knee-deep water contributed adversely to that in the offshore water for longshore-current cases. The embayed beach setting and the statistical and numerical methods used in the present study have wide applicability for analyzing recreational water quality at similar marine and freshwater sites.
C1 [Ge, Zhongfu; Nevers, Meredith B.; Whitman, Richard L.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Michigan Ecol Res Stn, Porter, IN 46304 USA.
[Schwab, David J.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
RP Ge, ZF (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Michigan Ecol Res Stn, 1100 N Mineral Springs Rd, Porter, IN 46304 USA.
EM zge@usgs.gov
RI Schwab, David/B-7498-2012;
OI Nevers, Meredith/0000-0001-6963-6734
FU USGS; NOAA's Ocean and Human Health Initiative
FX The authors would like to thank Gregory Lang of the NOAA and Steve Corsi
of the USGS for their help with data. Helpful discussions with Rachael
Jones and Pramod Thupaki are also appreciated. This article was funded
by USGS Great Lakes Ocean Research Priorities Plan (ORPP) and NOAA's
Ocean and Human Health Initiative. This article is Contribution 1601 of
the USGS Great Lakes Science Center and Contribution No. 1569 of the
NOAA GLERL.
NR 29
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U1 3
U2 28
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD SEP 1
PY 2010
VL 44
IS 17
BP 6731
EP 6737
DI 10.1021/es100797r
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 642OP
UT WOS:000281225800032
PM 20687542
ER
PT J
AU Wang, SK
Mamontov, E
Bai, M
Hansen, FY
Taub, H
Copley, JRD
Sakai, VG
Gasparovic, G
Jenkins, T
Tyagi, M
Herwig, KW
Neumann, DA
Montfrooij, W
Volkmann, UG
AF Wang, S. -K.
Mamontov, E.
Bai, M.
Hansen, F. Y.
Taub, H.
Copley, J. R. D.
Sakai, V. Garcia
Gasparovic, G.
Jenkins, T.
Tyagi, M.
Herwig, K. W.
Neumann, D. A.
Montfrooij, W.
Volkmann, U. G.
TI Localized diffusive motion on two different time scales in solid alkane
nanoparticles
SO EPL
LA English
DT Article
ID ELASTIC NEUTRON-SCATTERING; X-RAY-SCATTERING; MOLECULAR-MOTION; SIO2
SURFACE; FILMS; TRITRIACONTANE; SPECTROMETER; PARAFFINS; N-C33H68;
PHASES
AB High-energy-resolution quasielastic neutron scattering on three complementary spectrometers has been used to investigate molecular diffusive motion in solid nano- to bulk-sized particles of the alkane n-C32H66. The crystalline-to-plastic and plastic-to-fluid phase transition temperatures are observed to decrease as the particle size decreases. In all samples, localized molecular diffusive motion in the plastic phase occurs on two different time scales: a "fast" motion corresponding to uniaxial rotation about the long molecular axis; and a "slow" motion attributed to conformational changes of the molecule. Contrary to the conventional interpretation in bulk alkanes, the fast uniaxial rotation begins in the low-temperature crystalline phase. Copyright (C) EPLA, 2010
C1 [Wang, S. -K.; Bai, M.; Hansen, F. Y.; Taub, H.; Montfrooij, W.] Univ Missouri, Dept Phys & Astron, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Wang, S. -K.; Bai, M.; Hansen, F. Y.; Taub, H.; Montfrooij, W.] Univ Missouri, Univ Missouri Res Reactor, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Mamontov, E.; Herwig, K. W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Spallat Neutron Source, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Copley, J. R. D.; Sakai, V. Garcia; Gasparovic, G.; Jenkins, T.; Tyagi, M.; Neumann, D. A.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Sakai, V. Garcia; Tyagi, M.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Volkmann, U. G.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Fis, Santiago 22, Chile.
[Wang, S. -K.] Ctr Comprehens Canc, Palm Springs, CA 92263 USA.
[Hansen, F. Y.] Tech Univ Denmark, Dept Chem, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark.
RP Wang, SK (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Phys & Astron, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
EM taubh@missouri.edu
RI Herwig, Kenneth/F-4787-2011; Volkmann, Ulrich/H-1802-2014; Tyagi, Madhu
Sudan/M-4693-2014; Mamontov, Eugene/Q-1003-2015
OI Tyagi, Madhu Sudan/0000-0002-4364-7176; Mamontov,
Eugene/0000-0002-5684-2675
FU U.S. National Science Foundation [DMR-0705974]; NSF [DMR-0454672];
Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
U.S. Department of Energy
FX This work was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under
Grant No. DMR-0705974 and utilized facilities supported in part by the
NSF under agreement No. DMR-0454672. A portion of this research at Oak
Ridge National Laboratory's Spallation Neutron Source was sponsored by
the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. We thank C. M. Brown for useful
discussions.
NR 22
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U1 0
U2 5
PU EPL ASSOCIATION, EUROPEAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY
PI MULHOUSE
PA 6 RUE DES FRERES LUMIERE, MULHOUSE, 68200, FRANCE
SN 0295-5075
J9 EPL-EUROPHYS LETT
JI EPL
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 91
IS 6
AR 66007
DI 10.1209/0295-5075/91/66007
PG 6
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 674BO
UT WOS:000283708700018
ER
PT J
AU Orth, RJ
Williams, MR
Marion, SR
Wilcox, DJ
Carruthers, TJB
Moore, KA
Kemp, WM
Dennison, WC
Rybicki, N
Bergstrom, P
Batiuk, RA
AF Orth, Robert J.
Williams, Michael R.
Marion, Scott R.
Wilcox, David J.
Carruthers, Tim J. B.
Moore, Kenneth A.
Kemp, W. Michael
Dennison, William C.
Rybicki, Nancy
Bergstrom, Peter
Batiuk, Richard A.
TI Long-Term Trends in Submersed Aquatic Vegetation (SAV) in Chesapeake
Bay, USA, Related to Water Quality
SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Submersed aquatic vegetation; Salinity community-types; Chesapeake Bay;
Abundance; Nutrients; Nitrogen; Water quality
ID TIDAL POTOMAC RIVER; ZOSTERA-MARINA L.; SEAGRASS ECOSYSTEMS; COASTAL
EUTROPHICATION; HABITAT REQUIREMENTS; ESTUARINE ECOSYSTEMS; LIGHT
REQUIREMENTS; TEMPORAL VARIATION; WESTERN-AUSTRALIA; COCKBURN SOUND
AB Chesapeake Bay supports a diverse assemblage of marine and freshwater species of submersed aquatic vegetation (SAV) whose broad distributions are generally constrained by salinity. An annual aerial SAV monitoring program and a bi-monthly to monthly water quality monitoring program have been conducted throughout Chesapeake Bay since 1984. We performed an analysis of SAV abundance and up to 22 environmental variables potentially influencing SAV growth and abundance (1984-2006). Historically, SAV abundance has changed dramatically in Chesapeake Bay, and since 1984, when SAV abundance was at historic low levels, SAV has exhibited complex changes including long-term (decadal) increases and decreases, as well as some large, single-year changes. Chesapeake Bay SAV was grouped into three broad-scale community-types based on salinity regime, each with their own distinct group of species, and detailed analyses were conducted on these three community-types as well as on seven distinct case-study areas spanning the three salinity regimes. Different trends in SAV abundance were evident in the different salinity regimes. SAV abundance has (a) continually increased in the low-salinity region; (b) increased initially in the medium-salinity region, followed by fluctuating abundances; and (c) increased initially in the high-salinity region, followed by a subsequent decline. In all areas, consistent negative correlations between measures of SAV abundance and nitrogen loads or concentrations suggest that meadows are responsive to changes in inputs of nitrogen. For smaller case-study areas, different trends in SAV abundance were also noted including correlations to water clarity in high-salinity case-study areas, but nitrogen was highly correlated in all areas. Current maximum SAV coverage for almost all areas remain below restoration targets, indicating that SAV abundance and associated ecosystem services are currently limited by continued poor water quality, and specifically high nutrient concentrations, within Chesapeake Bay. The nutrient reductions noted in some tributaries, which were highly correlated to increases in SAV abundance, suggest management activities have already contributed to SAV increases in some areas, but the strong negative correlation throughout the Chesapeake Bay between nitrogen and SAV abundance also suggests that further nutrient reductions will be necessary for SAV to attain or exceed restoration targets throughout the bay.
C1 [Orth, Robert J.; Marion, Scott R.; Wilcox, David J.; Moore, Kenneth A.] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
[Williams, Michael R.; Carruthers, Tim J. B.; Dennison, William C.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Integrat Applicat Network, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA.
[Carruthers, Tim J. B.; Kemp, W. Michael; Dennison, William C.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Horn Point Lab, Cambridge, MD 21613 USA.
[Rybicki, Nancy] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Bergstrom, Peter] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA.
[Batiuk, Richard A.] US EPA, Chesapeake Bay Program, Annapolis, MD 21403 USA.
RP Orth, RJ (reprint author), Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Rt 1208,Greate Rd, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
EM jjorth@vims.edu
RI Dennison, William/D-7739-2012; kemp, Michael/F-9955-2013
FU US Environmental Protection Agency; Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972;
Allied-Signal Foundation; NOAA; Army Corps of Engineers ERDC
FX Funding for much of the monitoring were from the following sources: US
Environmental Protection Agency's Chesapeake Bay Program Office; the
Coastal Programs of the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality and
Maryland Department of Natural Resources funded by Coastal Zone
Management Act of 1972, as amended, administered by the Office of Ocean
and Coastal Resource Management; National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration; US Fish and Wildlife Service; School of Marine Science,
Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William and Mary;
private grants from the Allied-Signal Foundation, Norfolk-Southern, and
the Keith Campbell Foundation. WMK acknowledges funding from NOAA
Maryland Sea Grant and the Army Corps of Engineers ERDC. We thank Kris
Beckert for assistance with figures. We appreciate the thoughtful
comments of the anonymous reviewers. Any use of trade, product, or firm
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the US Government. Contribution no. 3091 from the Virginia Institute of
Marine Science, College of William and Mary; 4412 from University of
Maryland Center for Environmental Science.
NR 101
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Z9 41
U1 4
U2 54
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1559-2723
J9 ESTUAR COAST
JI Estuaries Coasts
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 33
IS 5
BP 1144
EP 1163
DI 10.1007/s12237-010-9311-4
PG 20
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 658SR
UT WOS:000282510200008
ER
PT J
AU Jones, KL
Mikulski, CM
Barnhorst, A
Doucette, GJ
AF Jones, Kelly L.
Mikulski, Christina M.
Barnhorst, Amanda
Doucette, Gregory J.
TI Comparative analysis of bacterioplankton assemblages from Karenia brevis
bloom and nonbloom water on the west Florida shelf (Gulf of Mexico, USA)
using 16S rRNA gene clone libraries
SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Karenia brevis; harmful algal bloom; 16S rRNA gene clone libraries;
unifrac; HAB-associated bacteria; dinoflagellate
ID IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; BACTERIAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; GRADIENT
GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; MARINE ROSEOBACTER LINEAGE; MEDITERRANEAN COASTAL
WATERS; DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; RED TIDE DINOFLAGELLATE; HARMFUL ALGAL
BLOOMS; ALGICIDAL BACTERIA; ALEXANDRIUM SPP.
AB The brevetoxin-producing dinoflagellate, Karenia brevis, forms nearly annual blooms off the Florida west coast, severely impacting the region's ecology and economy. Bacteria are often cited as either promoting or interfering with the development of algal blooms, and thus a detailed study of the bacterioplankton assemblages associated with K. brevis was undertaken. We developed sixteen 16S rRNA gene clone libraries from K. brevis bloom and adjacent nonbloom water to determine the bacterial groups present and assess the influence of K. brevis cell number and/or depth on bacterioplankton community composition. Most notably, bacterial groups such as Rhodobacterales (Alphaproteobacteria) and Cytophagales/Sphingobacteriales (Bacteroidetes), reported previously to be associated with other harmful algal species, were often abundant in the presence of K. brevis. Cyanobacteria frequently dominated surface samples containing no detectable K. brevis, consistent with earlier work suggesting that these photosynthetic organisms may be important in promoting the proliferation of these blooms by conditioning the water. Moreover, differences in the abundance/diversity of traditionally more rare and often undocumented phylogenetic groups (e.g. Betaproteobacteria, Deltaproteobacteria, Chloroflexus, Firmicutes) were apparent in bloom vs. nonbloom water. This is the first study to document the association of these phylogenetic groups with natural K. brevis populations and suggests a potential role for these microorganisms in K. brevis bloom dynamics.
C1 [Jones, Kelly L.; Mikulski, Christina M.; Barnhorst, Amanda; Doucette, Gregory J.] NOAA Natl Ocean Serv, Marine Biotoxins Program, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
RP Doucette, GJ (reprint author), NOAA Natl Ocean Serv, Marine Biotoxins Program, 219 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
EM greg.doucette@noaa.gov
RI Doucette, Gregory/M-3283-2013
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); US EPA; NSF;
NASA; ONR; NOAA/NOS; US ECOHAB Program [335]
FX We wish to thank Dr S. Polson for the analysis of our data using his
recently developed phylotemp statistical tool to produce our heatmap. We
also thank Kimberly Nowocin for her expert assistance in the
design/editing of the figures and Dr L. Kracker for providing the sample
site map. In addition, we acknowledge Lara Adams, Stephanie Brunelle,
and Laura Webster for providing valuable edits to this manuscript, as
well as two anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments. Samples
for this work were collected during the ECOHAB Florida Regional Field
Program cruises. Support for this research was provided by the US ECOHAB
Program sponsored by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
(NOAA), the US EPA, NSF, NASA, and ONR, and by NOAA/NOS operational
funds. This is contribution number 335 from the US ECOHAB Program.
NR 100
TC 16
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 20
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0168-6496
EI 1574-6941
J9 FEMS MICROBIOL ECOL
JI FEMS Microbiol. Ecol.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 73
IS 3
BP 468
EP 485
DI 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2010.00914.x
PG 18
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 635CK
UT WOS:000280633000006
PM 20618855
ER
PT J
AU Levin, PS
Dufault, A
AF Levin, Phillip S.
Dufault, Aaron
TI Eating up the food web
SO FISH AND FISHERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Cookbook recipe; ecosystem-based fisheries management; fishing down the
food web; marine conservation; rockfish
ID FISHERIES; SUSTAINABILITY; CONSERVATION; MANAGEMENT
AB Crafting effective responses to problems faced by the world's oceans requires that we grasp the social drivers compelling harmful patterns of ocean use. One of the disquieting consequences of fishing is reduction in the mean trophic level of commercially captured species (fishing down the food web). While the trophic level of fisheries catch has declined in nearly two-thirds of the world's ecosystems, the social drivers underpinning this have been assumed or asserted, not quantified. Here, we examine patterns in seafood cookbooks as a means to gain insight into the social drivers underlying the changes observed in the trophic level of capture fisheries. We searched libraries in Washington and Oregon, U.S. for seafood cookbooks published within the U.S. Pacific Northwest. We uncovered 3092 recipes published between 1885 and 2007 that met our criteria. We found large increases in average trophic level of recipes over time ('eating up the food web'). This occurred largely because low trophic level invertebrates decreased in their frequency, while the representation of high-trophic level rockfish (Sebastes spp.), increased. We contend that cookbooks reveal much about the societal value of high trophic level species. Ultimately, sustainability of fisheries and marine ecosystems is not solely a biophysical problem - sustainability must also include the viability of socially shaped relationships between people and the sea. Knowledge of the drivers underlying the pattern of 'eating up the food web' should aide in developing policies that move beyond managing pressures (fishing), but also deal with the social drivers that generate those pressures.
C1 [Levin, Phillip S.; Dufault, Aaron] NOAA Fisheries, Conservat Biol Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Levin, PS (reprint author), Calif State Univ Northridge, Dept Biol, Northridge, CA 91330 USA.
EM phil.levin@noaa.gov
NR 34
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 12
U2 64
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1467-2960
J9 FISH FISH
JI Fish. Fish.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 11
IS 3
BP 307
EP 312
DI 10.1111/j.1467-2979.2010.00355.x
PG 6
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 635PY
UT WOS:000280669800007
ER
PT J
AU Miller, TJ
Blair, JA
Ihde, TF
Jones, RM
Secor, DH
Wilberg, MJ
AF Miller, Thomas J.
Blair, Jeff A.
Ihde, Thomas F.
Jones, Robert M.
Secor, David H.
Wilberg, Michael J.
TI FishSmart: An Innovative Role for Science in Stakeholder-Centered
Approaches to Fisheries Management
SO FISHERIES
LA English
DT Article
ID DECISION-ANALYSIS; ENVIRONMENTAL-MANAGEMENT; RECREATIONAL FISHERIES;
HARVEST POLICIES; RISK-ASSESSMENT; SUSTAINABILITY; CONSERVATION; YIELD
AB Until recently, marine fisheries managers have predominately interacted with a single user group-commercial fisheries. However, changes in participation in fisheries and progress toward ecosystem-based approaches have introduced new stakeholders into the management process. Yet, there are few examples of successful approaches of how to engage the spectrum of stakeholders interested in management policy and decisions. Here we describe one such approach that was used in the fisheries for king mackerel (Scomberomorus cavalla) along the U. S. southeast coast. The approach combined consensus building in facilitated workshops and decision analysis in which stakeholders could compare the consequences of alternative management options on trends in the king mackerel population and the fisheries it supports. The process resulted in a workgroup of stakeholders that developed a clear vision for its desired future of king mackerel fisheries and several alternative management options. Decision analysis was used to select the best options that were then recommended to the South Atlantic Fisheries Management Council (SAFMC). These options were more conservative than the council's own recommendations. Additional benefits of the process included stakeholder education, both in stock assessment methodology and in an understanding other stakeholder positions, and the development of closer cooperation among stakeholders and managers.
C1 [Miller, Thomas J.] Univ Maryland, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Ctr Environm Sci, Solomons, MD 20688 USA.
[Blair, Jeff A.; Jones, Robert M.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Blair, Jeff A.] FSUs FCRC Consensus Ctr, Tallahassee, FL USA.
[Ihde, Thomas F.] NOAA Fisheries Chesapeake Bay Off, Annapolis, MD USA.
RP Miller, TJ (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Ctr Environm Sci, Solomons, MD 20688 USA.
EM miller@cbl.umces.edu
RI Miller, Thomas/C-2129-2008; Secor, D/D-4367-2012; Wilberg,
Michael/C-2765-2008; Wilberg, Michael/D-6289-2013
OI Miller, Thomas/0000-0001-8427-1614; Secor, D/0000-0001-6007-4827;
Wilberg, Michael/0000-0001-8982-5946
FU Marine Conservation Initiative; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
FX The authors wish to thank the members of the FishSmart king mackerel
workgroup for their enthusiasm, dedication, and insight. We also wish to
thank members of the project's steering committee for helpful guidance
and advice. In particular, we recognize the contributions of Michael
Nussman, president and CEO of the American Sportfishing Association, for
encouraging us to pursue this research. The project was funded by grant
from the Marine Conservation Initiative, a program of the Gordon and
Betty Moore Foundation. This is contribution number 4428 of the
University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science.
NR 29
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 10
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0363-2415
J9 FISHERIES
JI Fisheries
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 35
IS 9
BP 424
EP 433
DI 10.1577/1548-8446-35.9.422
PG 10
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 649PS
UT WOS:000281785300003
ER
PT J
AU Veronica, DA
AF Veronica, Daniel A.
TI Detecting Cooling Coil Fouling Automatically-Part 2: Results Using a
Multi layer Perceptron
SO HVAC&R RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID ARTIFICIAL NEURAL-NETWORKS; FAULT-DIAGNOSIS; SYSTEMS
AB A new concept to automatically detect cooling coil fouling is introduced in a companion paper (Veronica 2010). The concept maintains a data-driven dynamic model of the cooling coil on-line with coil instruments, so all steady and transient coil behavior is assimilated. The fouling surveillance is to periodically apply a specific transient sequence (the query) to this model off-line as a surrogate for applying such a test to the real coil. A query sum, calculated from the transient response of the model to a query, is used to detect changes in the real coil, to discern fouling from other faults such as instrument drift, and to further discern water-side from air-side fouling. A crucial element to viability of the concept is that the data-driven coil model respond to queries dynamically and recursively, with sufficient stability and accuracy so that fouling can be discerned. Yet, the model should be of reasonably simple architecture, permitting a plausible embedded implementation. Based on trials using simulator data, a relatively simple, three-node, multilayered perceptron demonstrates sufficient accuracy and stability so that the concept can be regarded as viable and as warranting further development. Also presented are the factors found to be critical for dynamically employing a data-driven model of any architecture to detect process faults.
C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Veronica, DA (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 12
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING AIR-CONDITIONING ENG, INC,
PI ATLANTA
PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA
SN 1078-9669
J9 HVAC&R RES
JI HVAC&R Res.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 16
IS 5
BP 599
EP 615
DI 10.1080/10789669.2010.10390923
PG 17
WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering,
Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering
GA 656DT
UT WOS:000282307100004
ER
PT J
AU Cutter, GR
Berger, L
Demer, DA
AF Cutter, George R., Jr.
Berger, Laurent
Demer, David A.
TI A comparison of bathymetry mapped with the Simrad ME70 multibeam
echosounder operated in bathymetric and fisheries modes
SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE bathymetry; mapping; ME70; multibeam echosounder; NOAA FSV; split-beam
AB Cutter, G. R. Jr, Berger, L., and Demer, D. A. 2010. A comparison of bathymetry mapped with the Simrad ME70 multibeam echosounder operated in bathymetric and fisheries modes. - ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 1301-1309.
The Simrad ME70 multibeam echosounder was designed for quantitative fisheries research and is currently installed on Ifremer's fishery survey vessel (FSV) "Thalassa" and each of the new, quiet, NOAA FSVs. The ME70 has configurable beams and transmits in the range 70-120 kHz to provide calibrated, acoustic-backscattering data throughout the detection range ( fisheries mode, FM). With optional hardware and software, the ME70 can also collect soundings that potentially meet International Hydrographic Organization's S-44 Order 1 standards (bathymetric mode, BM). Furthermore, with custom algorithms and software, bathymetric data can be obtained from the ME70 operating in FM, and volume backscatter can be sampled from the ME70 operating in BM. This flexibility allows data to be concurrently collected on fish and their seabed habitat. A method is described for processing the echo amplitude and phase data from multiple split-beams formed in FM to estimate seabed range, slope, and roughness. The resulting bathymetry is compared with that collected with the ME70 operating in BM in the same area of the Bay of Biscay. A proposal is made for software development to facilitate dual-use data processing.
C1 [Cutter, George R., Jr.; Demer, David A.] SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA, La Jolla, CA USA.
[Berger, Laurent] Ifremer, Dept NSE, Plouzane, France.
RP Cutter, GR (reprint author), SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA, 8604 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA USA.
EM george.cutter@noaa.gov
NR 11
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 13
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1054-3139
J9 ICES J MAR SCI
JI ICES J. Mar. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 67
IS 6
BP 1301
EP 1309
DI 10.1093/icesjms/fsq012
PG 9
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 638TP
UT WOS:000280919600020
ER
PT J
AU Cheng, J
Liang, SL
Weng, FZ
Wang, JD
Li, XW
AF Cheng, Jie
Liang, Shunlin
Weng, Fuzhong
Wang, Jindi
Li, Xiaowen
TI Comparison of Radiative Transfer Models for Simulating Snow Surface
Thermal Infrared Emissivity
SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE
SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE DISORT; Mie theory; radiative transfer model; snow emissivity spectra
ID BIDIRECTIONAL REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; ASYMMETRY PARAMETERS; PHASE
FUNCTION; SCATTERING; TEMPERATURE; ICE; ALGORITHMS; RETRIEVAL;
PARTICLES; WINDOW
AB In this study, three analytical radiative transfer (RT) models and a numerical RT model are used to simulate the thermal-infrared (8-13 mu m) emissivity spectra of snow surfaces. The single-scattering albedo and asymmetry factor calculated by Mie theory, in conjunction with that modified by two existing packing correction methods, are used as inputs to these RT models. The simulated snow emissivity spectra are compared with in situ measurements. The best models for simulating snow emissivity spectra are identified at the conclusion of this paper.
C1 [Cheng, Jie; Wang, Jindi; Li, Xiaowen] Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
[Cheng, Jie; Wang, Jindi; Li, Xiaowen] Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
[Cheng, Jie; Liang, Shunlin] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Weng, Fuzhong] NOAA, NESDIS, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
RP Cheng, J (reprint author), Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
EM brucechan2003@126.com
RI Cheng, Jie/G-2039-2011; liang, shunlin/C-2809-2015; Weng,
Fuzhong/F-5633-2010
OI Weng, Fuzhong/0000-0003-0150-2179
FU State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Sciences [270401GK]; National
Oceanic Atmospheric Administration [NA07NES4400001]; National High
Technology Research and Development Program of China [2009AA122100];
National Basic Research Program of China [2007CB714400, 2007CB714407];
National Natural Science Foundation of China [40901167]
FX This work was supported in part by the Special Fund for Young Talents of
the State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Sciences under Grant
270401GK, the National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration under Grant
NA07NES4400001, the National High Technology Research and Development
Program of China under Grant 2009AA122100, the National Basic Research
Program of China under Grants 2007CB714400 and 2007CB714407, and by the
National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 40901167.
NR 38
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 14
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1939-1404
EI 2151-1535
J9 IEEE J-STARS
JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observ. Remote Sens.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 3
IS 3
BP 323
EP 336
DI 10.1109/JSTARS.2010.2050300
PG 14
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geography, Physical; Remote
Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Engineering; Physical Geography; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA 667KE
UT WOS:000283191200010
ER
PT J
AU Nan, ZT
Wang, SG
Liang, X
Adams, TE
Teng, W
Liang, Y
AF Nan, Zhuotong
Wang, Shugong
Liang, Xu
Adams, Thomas E.
Teng, William
Liang, Yao
TI Analysis of Spatial Similarities Between NEXRAD and NLDAS Precipitation
Data Products
SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE
SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Data analysis; hydrology; pattern recognition; radar; rain
ID DATA ASSIMILATION SYSTEM; RIVER-BASIN; RAIN-GAUGE; FORECASTS;
VERIFICATION; ALGORITHMS; RADAR; TEXAS; TIME
AB Precipitation is one of the key inputs for hydrological modeling. Although the Multisensor Precipitation Estimator (MPE) from NEXRAD (Next Generation Radar) and the NLDAS (North American Land Data Assimilation System) precipitation data have been extensively used in various hydrological and climatic studies, there has been no systematic investigation of the spatial similarities and differences between them, based on long-term time series data over a large spatial region. In this study, six years of hourly and daily precipitation time series data from NEXRAD and NLDAS were investigated for their spatial similarities, over a subregion of the Ohio River basin. Three spatial metrics were used: Cohen's Kappa coefficient, Forecast Quality Index (FQI), and displacement-based Forecast Quality Measure (FQM). The three metrics were also applied to the two data products after stratification by season (warm, cold). Results show that significant differences exist between NEXRAD MPE and NLDAS. Analyses and discussions are presented on possible causes of the dissimilarities. In addition, results show that a single metric cannot adequately represent their spatial characteristics. The three metrics are complementary to each other and, when used jointly, can provide a more complete picture of the similarities and differences between the two precipitation products. However, if a single metric is desired, then a more comprehensive one needs to be developed to effectively account for magnitude, distance, shape, and neighborhood effects.
C1 [Nan, Zhuotong; Wang, Shugong; Liang, Xu] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA.
[Adams, Thomas E.] NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Ohio River Forecast Ctr, Wilmington, OH 45177 USA.
[Teng, William] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Goddard Earth Sci DISC Wyle Informat Syst, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Liang, Yao] Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Dept Comp & Informat Sci, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA.
RP Nan, ZT (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Cold & Arid Reg Environm & Engn Res Inst, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China.
EM nztong@lzb.ac.cn; shw36@pitt.edu; xuliang@pitt.edu;
thomas.adams@noaa.gov; William.L.Teng@nasa.gov; yliang@cs.iupui.edu
RI westgis.CAREERI, SCI paper/O-2255-2013
OI westgis.CAREERI, SCI paper/0000-0001-5298-1494
FU NASA [NNA07CN83A]
FX This work was supported by NASA under Grant NNA07CN83A.
NR 28
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 13
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1939-1404
J9 IEEE J-STARS
JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observ. Remote Sens.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 3
IS 3
BP 371
EP 385
DI 10.1109/JSTARS.2010.2048418
PG 15
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geography, Physical; Remote
Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Engineering; Physical Geography; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA 667KE
UT WOS:000283191200016
ER
PT J
AU Restelli, A
Bienfang, JC
Clark, CW
Rech, I
Labanca, I
Ghioni, M
Cova, S
AF Restelli, Alessandro
Bienfang, Joshua C.
Clark, Charles W.
Rech, Ivan
Labanca, Ivan
Ghioni, Massimo
Cova, Sergio
TI Improved Timing Resolution Single-Photon Detectors in Daytime Free-Space
Quantum Key Distribution With 1.25 GHz Transmission Rate
SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Free-space optical communication; photon timing; quantum key
distribution (QKD); single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs)
ID PERFORMANCE
AB In free-space single-photon quantum key distribution (QKD), the error rate due to daytime background photons can be reduced with strong temporal filtering. In this case, the improvement in performance is determined by the receiver's ability to resolve signal-photon arrival times. We use fast clock recovery and commercially available single-photon detectors with timing resolution enhanced by additional electronic circuitry to implement temporal gating down to 50 ps in a free-space QKD system. The single-photon channel operates at 850 nm, and the improved timing resolution enables transmission rates of 1.25 GHz. We observe daytime quantum bit error rates of 0.04, which is less than one-third of the ungated error rate. We present the design and performance of the system and demonstrate its benefit to free-space QKD.
C1 [Restelli, Alessandro; Bienfang, Joshua C.; Clark, Charles W.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Restelli, Alessandro; Bienfang, Joshua C.; Clark, Charles W.] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Clark, Charles W.] Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22203 USA.
[Rech, Ivan; Labanca, Ivan; Ghioni, Massimo; Cova, Sergio] Politecn Milan, Dipartimento Elettron & Informaz, I-20 Milan, Italy.
[Rech, Ivan; Labanca, Ivan; Ghioni, Massimo; Cova, Sergio] CNR, Ist Foton & Nanotecnol, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
[Ghioni, Massimo; Cova, Sergio] Micro Photon Devices, I-39100 Bolzano, Italy.
RP Restelli, A (reprint author), NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM alessandro.restelli@nist.gov; bienfang@nist.gov; clark@nist.gov;
rech@elet.polimi.it; ghioni@elet.polimi.it
RI Clark, Charles/A-8594-2009; Bienfang, Joshua/A-7285-2010; Restelli,
Alessandro/A-4897-2009;
OI Clark, Charles/0000-0001-8724-9885; Restelli,
Alessandro/0000-0002-1289-3171; Rech, Ivan/0000-0002-1430-1010
FU U.S. Department of Commerce; National Institute of Standards and
Technology; EC [248095, FP7-ICT-2009-4]
FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Commerce,
National Institute of Standards and Technology and in part by EC Grant
Agreement 248095 (Q-ESSENCE) FP7-ICT-2009-4.
NR 22
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 14
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1077-260X
EI 1558-4542
J9 IEEE J SEL TOP QUANT
JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2010
VL 16
IS 5
BP 1084
EP 1090
DI 10.1109/JSTQE.2010.2040710
PG 7
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Optics; Physics
GA 669SZ
UT WOS:000283371800005
ER
PT J
AU Chillarege, R
Voas, J
AF Chillarege, Ram
Voas, Jeffrey
TI Reliability of Embedded and Cyber-Physical Systems Introduction
SO IEEE SECURITY & PRIVACY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Voas, Jeffrey] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
[Voas, Jeffrey] US Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
EM info@chillarege.com; j.voas@ieee.org
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 14
PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC
PI LOS ALAMITOS
PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA
SN 1540-7993
J9 IEEE SECUR PRIV
JI IEEE Secur. Priv.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2010
VL 8
IS 5
BP 12
EP 13
PG 2
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software
Engineering
SC Computer Science
GA 668MA
UT WOS:000283272900003
ER
PT J
AU Silva, TJ
Keller, MW
AF Silva, T. J.
Keller, Mark W.
TI Theory of Thermally Induced Phase Noise in Spin Torque Oscillators for a
High-Symmetry Case
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Langevin equations; macrospin; spin torque; spin torque oscillator;
Ornstein-Uhlenbeck; Wiener-Levy; phase noise
ID MAGNETIC MULTILAYERS; POLARIZED CURRENT; FIELD-DEPENDENCE;
BROWNIAN-MOTION; WHITE-NOISE; DRIVEN; FLUCTUATIONS; EXCITATION;
EQUATIONS; DEVICES
AB We derive equations for the phase noise spectrum of a spin torque oscillator in the macrospin approximation for the highly symmetric geometry where the equilibrium magnetization, applied field, anisotropy, and spin accumulation are all collinear. This particular problem is one that can be solved by analytical methods, but nevertheless illustrates several important general principles for phase noise in spin torque oscillators. In the limit, where the restoring torque is linearly proportional to the deviation of the precession amplitude from steady-state, the problem reduces to a sum of the Wiener-Levy (W-L) and Ornstein-Uhlenbeck (O-U) processes familiar from the physics of random walks and Brownian motion. For typical device parameters, the O-U process dominates the phase noise and results in a phase noise spectrum that is nontrivial, with 1/omega(2) dependence at low Fourier frequencies, and 1/omega(4) dependence at high Fourier frequencies. The contribution to oscillator linewidth due to the O-U process in the low temperature limit is independent of magnetic anisotropy field H-k and scales inversely with the damping parameter, whereas in the high temperature limit the oscillator linewidth is independent of the damping parameter and scales as root vertical bar H-k vertical bar Numerical integration of the fully nonlinear stochastic differential equations is used to determine the temperature and precession amplitude ranges over which our equations for phase noise and linewidth are valid. We then expand the theory to include effects of spin torque asymmetry. Given the lack of experimental data for nanopillars in the geometry considered here, we make a rough extrapolation to the case of nanocontacts, with reasonable agreement with published data. The theory does not yield any obvious means to reduce phase noise to levels required for practical applications in the geometry considered here.
C1 [Silva, T. J.; Keller, Mark W.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Silva, TJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM silva@boulder.nist.gov
RI Silva, Thomas/C-7605-2013
OI Silva, Thomas/0000-0001-8164-9642
NR 69
TC 34
Z9 34
U1 0
U2 12
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9464
EI 1941-0069
J9 IEEE T MAGN
JI IEEE Trans. Magn.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 46
IS 9
BP 3555
EP 3573
DI 10.1109/TMAG.2010.2044583
PG 19
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Physics
GA 666SV
UT WOS:000283140900001
ER
PT J
AU Taylor, JA
Howe, DA
AF Taylor, Jennifer A. .
Howe, David A. .
TI Fast TheoBR: A Method for Long Data Set Stability Analysis
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL
LA English
DT Article
AB TheoBR is a high-confidence statistic that evaluates frequency stability at long tau values. However, for real-world data sets that contain thousands of points or more, the calculation of TheoBR can take hours, days, or even weeks on a typical PC. To make the calculation of TheoBR faster for these data sets, a method of averaging points together within the data set is developed. The error introduced by this technique is analyzed and compared with the exact value, and a correction formula is developed to minimize this error for FM noise types. Finally, the technique is applied to real data sets and determines stability at the longest tau values in seconds as opposed to weeks.
C1 [Taylor, Jennifer A. .; Howe, David A. .] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Time & Frequency, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Taylor, JA (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Time & Frequency, Boulder, CO USA.
EM megccja@boulder.nist.gov
NR 7
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0885-3010
J9 IEEE T ULTRASON FERR
JI IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 57
IS 9
BP 2091
EP 2094
DI 10.1109/TUFFC.2010.1656
PG 4
WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Acoustics; Engineering
GA 669OI
UT WOS:000283359700020
PM 20875997
ER
PT J
AU Prasad, K
Pitts, W
Yang, JA
AF Prasad, Kuldeep
Pitts, William
Yang, Jiann
TI Effect of wind and buoyancy on hydrogen release and dispersion in a
compartment with vents at multiple levels
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Hydrogen dispersion; Analytical model; Neural plane analysis
ID NATURAL VENTILATION; LEAKAGE
AB The natural and forced mixing and dispersion of hydrogen released in an accidental manner in a partially enclosed compartment with vents at multiple heights is investigated using theoretical tools. The key to the analysis is determination of the position of the neutral buoyancy plane, where the pressure in the compartment is equal to that of the exterior. Air flows in through vents below the position of neutral buoyancy and exits from vents above it. CFD simulations are conducted to confirm the physical phenomena and to compare with the analytical results. The analytical model is useful in understanding the important physical processes involved during hydrogen release and dispersion in a compartment with vents at multiple levels, with and without a steady wind. Parametric studies are conducted to identify the relative importance of various parameters. Model results indicate that the steady-state hydrogen volume fraction in the compartment is lower when the hydrogen release rate is smaller and the vent cross-sectional area is larger. Results also indicate that the fastest way to reduce flammable levels of hydrogen concentration in a compartment can be accomplished by blowing through the vents. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Professor T. Nejat Veziroglu.
C1 [Prasad, Kuldeep; Pitts, William; Yang, Jiann] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Prasad, K (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM kuldeep.prasad@nist.gov
NR 23
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 3
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0360-3199
J9 INT J HYDROGEN ENERG
JI Int. J. Hydrog. Energy
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 35
IS 17
SI SI
BP 9218
EP 9231
DI 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.06.001
PG 14
WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels
GA 655ID
UT WOS:000282241900045
ER
PT J
AU Srinivasan, SS
Niemann, MU
Hattrick-Simpers, JR
McGrath, K
Sharma, PC
Goswami, DY
Stefanakos, EK
AF Srinivasan, Sesha S.
Niemann, Michael U.
Hattrick-Simpers, Jason R.
McGrath, Kimberly
Sharma, Prakash C.
Goswami, D. Yogi
Stefanakos, Elias K.
TI Effects of nano additives on hydrogen storage behavior of the multinary
complex hydride LiBH4/LiNH2/MgH2
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Complex hydrides; Mechano-chemical process; Hydrogen storage; Nano
additives
ID THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION; MAGNESIUM
AB Multinary complex hydrides comprised of borohydrides, amides and metal hydrides have been synthesized using the solid state mechano-chemical process. After the optimization of the system, it was found that LiBH4/LiNH2/MgH2 exhibits potential reversible hydrogen storage behavior (>6 wt.%) at temperatures of 125-175 degrees C. To further improve the hydrogen performance of the system, various nano additives namely, nickel, cobalt, iron, copper, and manganese were investigated. It was observed that some of these additives (Co, Ni) lowered the hydrogen release temperature at least 75-100 degrees C in the major hydrogen decomposition step. While other additives acted as catalysts and increased the rate at which hydrogen was released. Combinatorial addition of selected materials were also investigated and found to have both a positive effect on kinetics and reduction in hydrogen desorption temperature. (C) 2010 Professor T. Nejat Veziroglu. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Srinivasan, Sesha S.; Sharma, Prakash C.] Tuskegee Univ, CEAPS, Dept Phys, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA.
[Niemann, Michael U.; Goswami, D. Yogi; Stefanakos, Elias K.] Univ S Florida, Clean Energy Res Ctr, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.
[Hattrick-Simpers, Jason R.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20886 USA.
[McGrath, Kimberly] QuanturmSphere Inc, Santa Ana, CA 92705 USA.
RP Srinivasan, SS (reprint author), Tuskegee Univ, CEAPS, Dept Phys, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA.
EM sesha.srinivasan@tuskegee.edu
FU US Department of Energy (Hydrogen Fuel Initiative) [DE-FG36-04G014224];
QuantumSphere Inc., CA
FX The authors wish to acknowledge the US Department of Energy (Hydrogen
Fuel Initiative code: DE-FG36-04G014224) and QuantumSphere Inc., CA, for
the project funding. Authors, SSS and PCS wish to thank Dr. Luther S.
Williams, Dean of Graduate Studies, Tuskegee University, for his
encouragement and support in establishing state-of-the-art research
facilities at the Physics Department.
NR 22
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 4
U2 28
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0360-3199
J9 INT J HYDROGEN ENERG
JI Int. J. Hydrog. Energy
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 35
IS 18
SI SI
BP 9646
EP 9652
DI 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.06.061
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels
GA 656PA
UT WOS:000282347500016
ER
PT J
AU Pavese, F
Fahr, M
Hermier, Y
Hill, KD
Lipinski, L
Nakano, T
Peruzzi, A
Sakurai, H
Sparasci, F
Steur, PPM
Szmyrka-Grzebyk, A
Tamura, O
Tew, WL
Valkiers, S
van Geel, J
AF Pavese, F.
Fahr, M.
Hermier, Y.
Hill, K. D.
Lipinski, L.
Nakano, T.
Peruzzi, A.
Sakurai, H.
Sparasci, F.
Steur, P. P. M.
Szmyrka-Grzebyk, A.
Tamura, O.
Tew, W. L.
Valkiers, S.
van Geel, J.
TI Further Progress Toward the Determination of T (tp)-x(Ne-22)
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1st TEMPMEKO and ISHM Joint International Symposium on Temperature,
Humidity, Moisture, and Thermal Measurements
CY MAY 31-JUN 04, 2010
CL Portoroz, SLOVENIA
SP ISHM, Int Measurement Confederat (IMEKO)
DE Cryogenic thermometry; Isotopes; ITS-90 fixed points; Neon
ID TRIPLE-POINT TEMPERATURE; ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION; NEON; REALIZATION; NE-20
AB Following the start of exploration of the problem of the effect of neon isotopes on the triple-point temperature in 2005, further progress was achieved in 2006-2008, and published in 2008. This paper summarizes the advances to date in our understanding as obtained from further work done in 2008-2009 on five basic aspects of the problem: new isotopic assays; new thermal measurements on neon of "natural" composition; the feasibility of obtaining a value of the slope dT (tp)/dx(Ne-22) with an accuracy sufficient for the purpose; the possible occurrence of isotopic fractionation during the process of sealing the samples in the cells; and new thermal measurements on the pure isotopes Ne-20 and Ne-22. The recently collected information is sufficient to state that it will eventually be possible to fulfill within 2010 the goal of recommending to the CCT solutions for the correction, with an accuracy fitting the purpose, of the neon isotopic effect on T (tp), to be included in a future revision of the Technical Annexe to the "mise en pratique" of the kelvin.
C1 [Pavese, F.; Steur, P. P. M.] Ist Nazl Ric Metrol INRIM, Turin, Italy.
[Fahr, M.; Hill, K. D.] Natl Res Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
[Hermier, Y.; Sparasci, F.] Lab Natl Metrol & Essays LNE INM, Paris, France.
[Lipinski, L.; Szmyrka-Grzebyk, A.] Inst Niskich Temp & Badan Strukturalnych INTiBS, Wroclaw, Poland.
[Nakano, T.; Sakurai, H.; Tamura, O.] AIST, Natl Metrol Inst Japan NMIJ, Ibaraki, Japan.
[Peruzzi, A.; van Geel, J.] VSL Dutch Metrol Inst VSL, Delft, Netherlands.
[Tew, W. L.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Valkiers, S.] Inst Reference Mat & Measurements JRC IRMM, Geel, Belgium.
RP Pavese, F (reprint author), Ist Nazl Ric Metrol INRIM, Turin, Italy.
EM f.pavese@inrim.it
RI Fahr, Martin/F-7312-2011;
OI Fahr, Martin/0000-0001-6731-2920; Pavese, Franco/0000-0001-9261-6862
NR 13
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0195-928X
J9 INT J THERMOPHYS
JI Int. J. Thermophys.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 31
IS 8-9
SI SI
BP 1633
EP 1643
DI 10.1007/s10765-010-0817-6
PG 11
WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical; Mechanics; Physics, Applied
SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Mechanics; Physics
GA 683OV
UT WOS:000284486000025
ER
PT J
AU White, DR
Tew, WL
AF White, D. R.
Tew, W. L.
TI Improved Estimates of the Isotopic Correction Constants for the Triple
Point of Water
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1st TEMPMEKO and ISHM Joint International Symposium on Temperature,
Humidity, Moisture, and Thermal Measurements
CY MAY 31-JUN 04, 2010
CL Portoroz, SLOVENIA
SP ISHM, Int Measurement Confederat (IMEKO)
DE Correction; Isotope; Temperature; Triple point; Water
ID FREEZING-POINT; FRACTIONATION; MIXTURES; (H2O)-O-16; FUSION; HEAT; ICE;
H2O; D2O
AB In 2006, the CIPM clarified the definition of the kelvin by specifying the isotopic composition of the water to be used in the realization of the triple point. At the same time, the Consultative Committee for Thermometry gave recommended values for the isotopic correction constants to be used for water departing from the specified composition. However, the uncertainties in the values for the correction constants were undesirably large due to unresolved differences between the data sets from which the values were determined. This paper derives improved values of the constants by considering additional data from isotopic fractionation measurements and the heats of fusion and freezing points of the relevant water isotopologues. Values of the corrections determined from the expanded data are A (D) = 671(10) mu K, A (18O) = 603(3) mu K, and A (17O) = 60(1) mu K. A typical correction made with these values lies just within the expanded uncertainty (k = 2) of the corrections made with the older values, but has about half the uncertainty.
C1 [White, D. R.] Measurement Stand Lab New Zealand, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand.
[Tew, W. L.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP White, DR (reprint author), Measurement Stand Lab New Zealand, POB 31310, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand.
EM r.white@irl.cri.nz
NR 19
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 7
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0195-928X
J9 INT J THERMOPHYS
JI Int. J. Thermophys.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 31
IS 8-9
SI SI
BP 1644
EP 1653
DI 10.1007/s10765-010-0819-4
PG 10
WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical; Mechanics; Physics, Applied
SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Mechanics; Physics
GA 683OV
UT WOS:000284486000026
ER
PT J
AU Tew, WL
Benz, SP
Dresselhaus, PD
Coakley, KJ
Rogalla, H
White, DR
Labenski, JR
AF Tew, W. L.
Benz, S. P.
Dresselhaus, P. D.
Coakley, K. J.
Rogalla, H.
White, D. R.
Labenski, J. R.
TI Progress in Noise Thermometry at 505 K and 693 K Using Quantized Voltage
Noise Ratio Spectra
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1st TEMPMEKO and ISHM Joint International Symposium on Temperature,
Humidity, Moisture, and Thermal Measurements
CY MAY 31-JUN 04, 2010
CL Portoroz, SLOVENIA
SP ISHM, Int Measurement Confederat (IMEKO)
DE ITS-90; Johnson noise thermometry; Synthesized noise; Temperature; Zinc
freezing point
ID ZINC FREEZING-POINT
AB Technical advances and new results in noise thermometry at temperatures near the tin freezing point and the zinc freezing point using a quantized voltage noise source (QVNS) are reported. The temperatures are derived by comparing the power spectral density of QVNS synthesized noise with that of Johnson noise from a known resistance at both 505 K and 693 K. Reference noise is digitally synthesized so that the average power spectra of the QVNS match those of the thermal noise, resulting in ratios of power spectra close to unity in the low-frequency limit. Three-parameter models are used to account for differences in impedance-related time constants in the spectra. Direct comparison of noise temperatures to the International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90) is achieved in a comparison furnace with standard platinum resistance thermometers. The observed noise temperatures determined by operating the noise thermometer in both absolute and relative modes, and related statistics together with estimated uncertainties are reported. The relative noise thermometry results are combined with results from other thermodynamic determinations at temperatures near the tin freezing point to calculate a value of T - T (90) = +4(18) mK for temperatures near the zinc freezing point. These latest results achieve a lower uncertainty than that of our earlier efforts. The present value of T - T (90) is compared to other published determinations from noise thermometry and other methods.
C1 [Tew, W. L.] NIST, Proc Measurements Div 836, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Benz, S. P.; Dresselhaus, P. D.] NIST, Quantum Elect Metrol Div 817, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Coakley, K. J.] NIST, Stat Engn Div 898, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Rogalla, H.] Univ Twente, NL-7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands.
[White, D. R.] Measurement Stand Lab New Zealand, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand.
[Labenski, J. R.] BAE Syst, Arlington, VA USA.
RP Tew, WL (reprint author), NIST, Proc Measurements Div 836, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM wtew@nist.gov
NR 19
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0195-928X
J9 INT J THERMOPHYS
JI Int. J. Thermophys.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 31
IS 8-9
SI SI
BP 1719
EP 1738
DI 10.1007/s10765-010-0830-9
PG 20
WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical; Mechanics; Physics, Applied
SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Mechanics; Physics
GA 683OV
UT WOS:000284486000034
ER
PT J
AU White, DR
Ballico, M
del Campo, D
Duris, S
Filipe, E
Ivanova, A
Dogan, AK
Mendez-Lango, E
Meyer, C
Pavese, F
Peruzzi, A
Renaot, E
Rudtsch, S
Wang, T
Yamazawa, K
AF White, D. R.
Ballico, M.
del Campo, D.
Duris, S.
Filipe, E.
Ivanova, A.
Dogan, A. Kartal
Mendez-Lango, E.
Meyer, C.
Pavese, F.
Peruzzi, A.
Renaot, E.
Rudtsch, S.
Wang, T.
Yamazawa, K.
TI Uncertainties in the SPRT Subranges of ITS-90: Topics for Further
Research
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1st TEMPMEKO and ISHM Joint International Symposium on Temperature,
Humidity, Moisture, and Thermal Measurements
CY MAY 31-JUN 04, 2010
CL Portoroz, SLOVENIA
SP ISHM, Int Measurement Confederat (IMEKO)
DE Fixed points; Impurity; Standard platinum resistance thermometer;
Uncertainty
ID PLATINUM RESISTANCE THERMOMETERS; NONLINEAR INSULATION RESISTANCE;
TRIPLE-POINT TEMPERATURE; SCHOTTKY-DIODE MODEL; FIXED-POINTS; WATER
CELLS; REALIZATION; IMPURITIES; GALLIUM; MERCURY
AB The CCT has completed the guide summarizing the uncertainties in the realization of the SPRT subranges of ITS-90 between the triple point of neon (24.5561 K) and the freezing point of silver (961.78 A degrees C). This article identifies aspects of standard platinum resistance thermometry where either data or models are lacking and further research is required. In the calibration of SPRTs, the two main concerns are the need for data on liquidus slopes for the different impurities in the fixed points and improved understanding of the impact of the thermal environment of the fixed point on the realized temperature. In the use of SPRTs, the two largest sources of uncertainty are Types 1 and 3 non-uniqueness and oxidation. The causes of Type 3 non-uniqueness are not yet understood, especially at low temperatures, and there is a paucity of data for the high-temperature subranges. In respect of oxidation, there is a need for validation of the models developed in the 1980s, especially in light of the reduced partial pressure of oxygen used in modern SPRTs. A range of other effects including vacancy effects in SPRTs, isotopic effects in fixed points, and improved statistical methods are discussed.
C1 [White, D. R.] Measurement Stand Lab New Zealand MSL, Lower Hutt, New Zealand.
[Ballico, M.] Natl Measurement Inst Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
[del Campo, D.] CEM, Madrid, Spain.
[Duris, S.] Slovak Inst Metrol SMU, Bratislava, Slovakia.
[Filipe, E.] IPQ, Monte De Caparica, Portugal.
[Ivanova, A.] DI Mendeleyev Sci & Res Inst Metrol VNIIM, St Petersburg, Russia.
[Dogan, A. Kartal] TUBITAK Ulusal Metrol Enstitusu UME, Gebze, Turkey.
[Mendez-Lango, E.] Ctr Nacl Metrol, Queretaro, Mexico.
[Meyer, C.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Pavese, F.] Ist Nazl Ric Metrol, Turin, Italy.
[Peruzzi, A.] VSL Dutch Metrol Inst VSL, Delft, Netherlands.
[Renaot, E.] Lab Commun Metrol LNE CNAM LNE INM, Paris, France.
[Rudtsch, S.] Phys Tech Bundesanstalt, Berlin, Germany.
[Wang, T.] Natl Inst Metrol, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Yamazawa, K.] AIST, Natl Metrol Inst Japan, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
RP White, DR (reprint author), Measurement Stand Lab New Zealand MSL, Lower Hutt, New Zealand.
EM r.white@irl.cri.nz
OI Pavese, Franco/0000-0001-9261-6862
NR 45
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 17
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0195-928X
J9 INT J THERMOPHYS
JI Int. J. Thermophys.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 31
IS 8-9
SI SI
BP 1749
EP 1761
DI 10.1007/s10765-010-0832-7
PG 13
WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical; Mechanics; Physics, Applied
SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Mechanics; Physics
GA 683OV
UT WOS:000284486000036
ER
PT J
AU Machin, G
Bloembergen, P
Anhalt, K
Hartmann, J
Sadli, M
Saunders, P
Woolliams, E
Yamada, Y
Yoon, H
AF Machin, G.
Bloembergen, P.
Anhalt, K.
Hartmann, J.
Sadli, M.
Saunders, P.
Woolliams, E.
Yamada, Y.
Yoon, H.
TI Practical Implementation of the Mise en Pratique for the Definition of
the Kelvin Above the Silver Point
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1st TEMPMEKO and ISHM Joint International Symposium on Temperature,
Humidity, Moisture, and Thermal Measurements
CY MAY 31-JUN 04, 2010
CL Portoroz, SLOVENIA
SP ISHM, Int Measurement Confederat (IMEKO)
DE Mise en pratique for the definition of the kelvin; MeP-K; High
temperatures; Radiometry; Radiation thermometry; Primary thermometry
methods
ID TEMPERATURE FIXED-POINTS; THERMOMETRY
AB The "Mise en pratique for the definition of the kelvin" (MeP-K) was established in April 2006 to be the repository of information required to perform a "practical measurement of temperature in accordance with the International System of Units (SI)." This article describes the progress made by the MeP-K HT (High Temperature Task Group) of CCT-WG5 (radiation thermometry) in drawing together the appropriate methods for accessing thermodynamic temperature above the silver point involving direct radiometric measurements on the one hand and indirect extrapolation, interpolation, and least-squares fitting on the other. An examination of the uncertainties and a brief discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of the various approaches are given. A summary of the remaining issues to be resolved concludes the article.
C1 [Machin, G.; Woolliams, E.] Natl Phys Lab, Teddington TW11 0LW, Middx, England.
[Bloembergen, P.] Natl Inst Metrol NIM, Beijing 100013, Peoples R China.
[Anhalt, K.; Hartmann, J.] Phys Tech Bundesanstalt, D-10587 Berlin, Germany.
[Sadli, M.] Lab Commun Metrol LNE Cnam, F-93210 Paris, France.
[Saunders, P.] Ind Res Ltd, Measurement Stand Lab New Zealand, Lower Hutt, New Zealand.
[Yamada, Y.] AIST, Natl Metrol Inst Japan, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058563, Japan.
[Yoon, H.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Machin, G (reprint author), Natl Phys Lab, Teddington TW11 0LW, Middx, England.
EM graham.machin@npl.co.uk
RI Hartmann, Jurgen/C-3543-2015; Woolliams, Emma/A-2404-2014
OI Hartmann, Jurgen/0000-0002-9645-5434; Sadli,
Mohamed/0000-0001-8792-4115; Woolliams, Emma/0000-0003-3517-1486
NR 24
TC 34
Z9 34
U1 1
U2 6
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0195-928X
J9 INT J THERMOPHYS
JI Int. J. Thermophys.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 31
IS 8-9
SI SI
BP 1779
EP 1788
DI 10.1007/s10765-010-0834-5
PG 10
WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical; Mechanics; Physics, Applied
SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Mechanics; Physics
GA 683OV
UT WOS:000284486000039
ER
PT J
AU Ripple, DC
Davis, R
Fellmuth, B
Fischer, J
Machin, G
Quinn, T
Steur, P
Tamura, O
White, DR
AF Ripple, D. C.
Davis, R.
Fellmuth, B.
Fischer, J.
Machin, G.
Quinn, T.
Steur, P.
Tamura, O.
White, D. R.
TI The Roles of the Mise en Pratique for the Definition of the Kelvin
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 1st TEMPMEKO and ISHM Joint International Symposium on Temperature,
Humidity, Moisture, and Thermal Measurements
CY MAY 31-JUN 04, 2010
CL Portoroz, SLOVENIA
SP ISHM, Int Measurement Confederat (IMEKO)
DE International System of Units; Kelvin; Mise en Pratique; SI;
Temperature; Temperature scale; Thermodynamic temperature
ID THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES; ACOUSTIC THERMOMETRY; BOLTZMANN CONSTANT;
NOISE THERMOMETER; TEMPERATURE; HELIUM; GAS
AB The mise en pratique ("practical realization") for the definition of the kelvin (MeP-K) was created by the Consultative Committee for Thermometry (CCT) in 2006 to give practitioners of thermometry a guide to the realization of the kelvin, i.e., measurement of temperature in kelvins, in accord with the International System of Units. In this article, the present and the future content of the MeP-K, the relationship of the MeP-K to other documents relevant to thermometry, the categorization of thermometry techniques in the MeP-K, and the benefits of proposed additions to the 2006 version of the MeP-K are discussed. The three categories of measurements within the MeP-K are: (1) primary methods for measuring thermodynamic temperature T; (2) formal approximations to T, in particular, the International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90) and the Provisional Low Temperature Scale from 0.9 mK to 1 K (PLTS-2000); and (3) indirect approximation methods that are neither primary nor defined on a temperature scale, yet capable of exceptionally low uncertainties or increased reliability. By providing a framework for primary methods and indirect methods, the MeP-K will foster development and application of new methods, such as the use of absolute radiometry or high-temperature fixed points. The MeP-K provides the CCT with a mechanism to update and to expand the thermometric methods in common use, without imposing on industry the high costs of changing the International Temperature Scale.
C1 [Fellmuth, B.; Fischer, J.] Phys Tech Bundesanstalt, Berlin, Germany.
[Ripple, D. C.] NIST, Proc Measurements Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Davis, R.; Quinn, T.] BIPM, Sevres, France.
[Machin, G.] Natl Phys Lab, Teddington TW11 0LW, Middx, England.
[Steur, P.] Ist Nazl Ric Metrol, Turin, Italy.
[Tamura, O.] AIST, Natl Metrol Inst Japan, Ibaraki, Japan.
[White, D. R.] Measurement Stand Lab New Zealand, Lower Hutt, New Zealand.
RP Fellmuth, B (reprint author), Phys Tech Bundesanstalt, Berlin, Germany.
EM Bernd.Fellmuth@ptb.de
NR 27
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0195-928X
J9 INT J THERMOPHYS
JI Int. J. Thermophys.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 31
IS 8-9
SI SI
BP 1795
EP 1808
DI 10.1007/s10765-010-0837-2
PG 14
WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical; Mechanics; Physics, Applied
SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Mechanics; Physics
GA 683OV
UT WOS:000284486000041
ER
PT J
AU Miller, KW
Voas, J
AF Miller, Keith W.
Voas, Jeffrey
TI Ethics and the Cloud
SO IT PROFESSIONAL
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Miller, Keith W.] Univ Illinois, Springfield, IL 62703 USA.
[Voas, Jeffrey] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
RP Miller, KW (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Springfield, IL 62703 USA.
EM miller.keith@uis.edu; j.voas@ieee.org
NR 7
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC
PI LOS ALAMITOS
PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA
SN 1520-9202
J9 IT PROF
JI IT Prof.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2010
VL 12
IS 5
BP 4
EP 5
PG 2
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software
Engineering; Telecommunications
SC Computer Science; Telecommunications
GA V23GB
UT WOS:000208330200001
ER
PT J
AU Davidson, RS
Letcher, BH
Nislow, KH
AF Davidson, R. Scott
Letcher, Benjamin H.
Nislow, Keith H.
TI Drivers of growth variation in juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar):
an elasticity analysis approach
SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE body growth; density dependence; discharge; environmental variation;
global climate change; temperature
ID LIFE-HISTORY VARIATION; BROWN TROUT; POPULATION RESPONSES;
DENSITY-DEPENDENCE; INDIVIDUAL GROWTH; FORAGING BEHAVIOR; SEASONAL
GROWTH; PARR; STREAM; SURVIVAL
AB 1. Estimating the relative importance of factors affecting key vital rates is an essential challenge for population ecology. In spite of a large literature on individual growth rates of north temperate-zone fishes, relative effect sizes for the wide range of abiotic and biotic factors affecting fish growth are not well characterized, strongly limiting our ability to predict the effects of environmental change on fish populations.
2. We applied generalized linear mixed models to data from a long-term (nine cohorts over 10 years) individual-based (7685 records from 4203 individuals) study of stream-dwelling juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) to estimate the relative importance and interactive effects of stream discharge, water temperature and population density on season-specific growth rates. The model explained a large proportion (r2 = 0 center dot 95) of observed variation in growth.
3. Elasticity analysis was used to estimate the relative importance of model variables on growth in length for Atlantic salmon between age 0+ autumn and the end of age 1+ winter. Effects of population density were substantially weaker than effects of discharge and temperature across all seasons. Opposing among-season temperature effects reduced the overall importance of temperature on growth in contrast to discharge, where effects were generally positive among seasons. Consistent among-season effects and a greater range of observed variation combined to increase the effect of discharge on growth compared to temperature.
4. These results suggest that robust predictions of body growth in north temperate stream fishes will need to include season-specific estimates of variation in both abiotic (temperature and discharge) and biotic (density) factors, but that variation in discharge will dominate growth responses.
C1 [Davidson, R. Scott] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Nat Resources Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Davidson, R. Scott; Letcher, Benjamin H.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, SO Conte Anadromous Fish Res Ctr, Turners Falls, MA 01376 USA.
[Nislow, Keith H.] Univ Massachusetts, US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
RP Davidson, RS (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 110 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM rsdavids@ucsc.edu
FU US Fish and Wildlife Service; US Forest Service Northern Research
Station; National Fish and Wildlife Foundation
FX The US Fish and Wildlife Service and US Forest Service Northern Research
Station provided financial support. Cailin Xu and Ted Castor-Santos,
Andres Lopez-Sepulcre and an anonymous reviewers provided useful
comments on manuscript drafts. We thank Matthew O'Donnell, Todd
Dubreuil, Gabe Gries and numerous field assistants for help collecting
data. Data on the number of shelters present were collected by Anders
Finstad. R.S.D. was supported by the Maine Atlantic Salmon Conservation
Fund - National Fish and Wildlife Foundation.
NR 50
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 20
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0021-8790
J9 J ANIM ECOL
JI J. Anim. Ecol.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 79
IS 5
BP 1113
EP 1121
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2656.2010.01708.x
PG 9
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 635QK
UT WOS:000280671000020
PM 20487089
ER
PT J
AU Moon, KW
Kim, SK
Williams, ME
Boettinger, WJ
Stafford, GR
AF Moon, K-W.
Kim, S-K.
Williams, M. E.
Boettinger, W. J.
Stafford, G. R.
TI Effect of current density and electrolyte concentration on hillock
growth from pure bright Sn electrodeposits
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ELECTROCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Hillocks; Sn whiskers; Pb-free solder; Electrodeposition; Texture;
Preferred orientation; Stress
ID DEFORMATION PROCESSES; TIN WHISKERS; THIN-FILMS; CU; MECHANISM; STRESSES
AB The effect of current density and Sn methane sulfonate concentration on hillock density, columnar grain size, crystallographic texture, and residual stress of bright Sn electrodeposits is measured. Correlation was found between hillock density and the ratio of the applied current density to the transport limited current density. When the ratio exceeds unity no hillocks are observed. As the transport limited current is approached and exceeded, the columnar grain size decreases from 1.4 to 0.7 mu m and the preferred orientation (fiber texture) rotates toward the [001] direction. Possible explanations are presented for how these factors reduce hillock growth. Because hillock and whisker growth are related phenomena, electrodeposition beyond the limiting current may be a possible whisker mitigation strategy.
C1 [Moon, K-W.; Williams, M. E.; Boettinger, W. J.; Stafford, G. R.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Met, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Kim, S-K.] Korea Inst Sci & Technol, Fuel Cell Res Ctr, Seoul 136791, South Korea.
RP Boettinger, WJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Met, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM william.boettinger@nist.gov
RI Kim, Soo-Kil/E-1295-2011
NR 24
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 11
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0021-891X
J9 J APPL ELECTROCHEM
JI J. Appl. Electrochem.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 40
IS 9
BP 1671
EP 1681
DI 10.1007/s10800-010-0163-1
PG 11
WC Electrochemistry
SC Electrochemistry
GA 634QA
UT WOS:000280596800012
ER
PT J
AU Pavolonis, MJ
AF Pavolonis, Michael J.
TI Advances in Extracting Cloud Composition Information from Spaceborne
Infrared Radiances-A Robust Alternative to Brightness Temperatures. Part
I: Theory
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ALGORITHM DESCRIPTION; EFFECTIVE EMISSIVITY; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER;
OPTICAL-CONSTANTS; CIRRUS CLOUDS; VOLCANIC ASH; AVHRR; SCATTERING;
IMAGERY; RETRIEVALS
AB Infrared measurements can be used to obtain quantitative information on cloud microphysics, including cloud composition (ice, liquid water, ash, dust, etc.), with the advantage that the measurements are independent of solar zenith angle. As such, infrared brightness temperatures (BT) and brightness temperature differences (BTD) have been used extensively in quantitative remote sensing applications for inferring cloud composition. In this study it is shown that BTDs are fundamentally limited and that a more physically based infrared approach can lead to significant increases in sensitivity to cloud microphysics, especially for optically thin clouds. In lieu of BTDs, a derived radiative parameter beta, which is directly related to particle size, habit, and composition, is used. Although the concept of effective absorption optical depth ratios beta has been around since the mid-1980s, this is the first study to explore the use of beta for inferring cloud composition in the total absence of cloud vertical boundary information. The results showed that, even in the absence of cloud vertical boundary information, one could significantly increase the sensitivity to cloud microphysics by converting the measured radiances to effective emissivity and constructing effective absorption optical depth ratios from a pair of spectral emissivities in the 8-12-mu m "window." This increase in sensitivity to cloud microphysics is relative to BTDs constructed from the same spectral pairs. In this article, the focus is on describing the physical concepts (which can be applied to narrowband or hyperspectral infrared measurements) used in constructing the beta data space.
C1 NOAA, NESDIS, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Madison, WI 53705 USA.
RP Pavolonis, MJ (reprint author), NOAA, NESDIS, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, 1225 W Dayton St, Madison, WI 53705 USA.
EM mike.pavolonis@noaa.gov
RI Pavolonis, Mike/F-5618-2010
OI Pavolonis, Mike/0000-0001-5822-219X
NR 40
TC 54
Z9 54
U1 2
U2 9
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1558-8424
J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM
JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 49
IS 9
BP 1992
EP 2012
DI 10.1175/2010JAMC2433.1
PG 21
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 655LI
UT WOS:000282251100015
ER
PT J
AU Dhar, S
Haney, S
Cheng, L
Ryu, SR
Agarwal, AK
Yu, LC
Cheung, KP
AF Dhar, S.
Haney, S.
Cheng, L.
Ryu, S. -R.
Agarwal, A. K.
Yu, L. C.
Cheung, K. P.
TI Inversion layer carrier concentration and mobility in 4H-SiC
metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRON-TRANSPORT; SIC/SIO2 INTERFACE; MOSFETS; OXIDATION; DEVICES;
MODEL; TRAP; 4H
AB Free electron concentration and carrier mobility measurements on 4H-SiC metal-oxide-semiconductor inversion layers are reported in this article. The key finding is that in state-of-the-art nitrided gate oxides, loss of carriers by trapping no longer plays a significant role in the current degradation under heavy inversion conditions. Rather, it is the low carrier mobility (maximum similar to 60 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1)) that limits the channel current. The measured free carrier concentration is modeled using the charge-sheet model and the mobility is modeled by existing mobility models. Possible mobility mechanisms have been discussed based on the modeling results. (c) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3484043]
C1 [Dhar, S.; Haney, S.; Cheng, L.; Ryu, S. -R.; Agarwal, A. K.] Cree Inc, Power Elect R&D, Durham, NC 27703 USA.
[Yu, L. C.; Cheung, K. P.] NIST, Div Semicond Elect, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Dhar, S (reprint author), Cree Inc, Power Elect R&D, Durham, NC 27703 USA.
EM sarit_dhar@cree.com
FU U.S. Army Research Laboratory
FX The authors would like to thank C. Scozzie, B. Geil, and A. Lelis at
U.S. Army Research Laboratory for supporting this work.
NR 32
TC 35
Z9 36
U1 2
U2 15
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD SEP 1
PY 2010
VL 108
IS 5
AR 054509
DI 10.1063/1.3484043
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 658GQ
UT WOS:000282478900108
ER
PT J
AU Kimball, SK
Mulekar, MS
Cummings, S
Stamates, J
AF Kimball, Sytske K.
Mulekar, Madhuri S.
Cummings, Shailer
Stamates, Jack
TI The University of South Alabama Mesonet and Coastal Observing System: A
Technical and Statistical Overview
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID OKLAHOMA MESONET
AB The University of South Alabama Mesonet consists of 26 sites across the north-central Gulf of Mexico coast. Although the original purpose of the mesonet was monitoring landfalling tropical systems, meteorological data are collected and disseminated every 5 min year-round to serve a multitude of purposes, including weather forecasting, education, and research. In this paper a statistical analysis and like-sensor comparison demonstrates that variables, measured by different sensor types or by sensors at different heights, correlate well. The benefits of sensor redundancy are twofold, offering 1) backup sensors in the case of sensor failure during severe weather and 2) the ability to perform a large number of internal consistency checks for quality control purposes. An oceanographic compliment to the University of South Alabama Mesonet system, which was deployed by NOAA's Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML) to measure surface waves and ocean currents in an area south of Mobile, Alabama, is described. A preliminary comparison of mesonet wind data and ocean wave data show good agreement, offering promising opportunities for future research.
C1 [Kimball, Sytske K.] Univ S Alabama, Dept Earth Sci, Mobile, AL 36688 USA.
[Mulekar, Madhuri S.] Univ S Alabama, Dept Math & Stat, Mobile, AL 36688 USA.
[Cummings, Shailer; Stamates, Jack] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Ocean Chem Div, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Kimball, SK (reprint author), Univ S Alabama, Dept Earth Sci, LSCB 136, Mobile, AL 36688 USA.
EM skimball@usouthal.edu
RI Stamates, Jack/C-3597-2014
OI Stamates, Jack/0000-0001-6771-1550
FU NOAA [NA07NWS4680011]; NSF [ATM-0239492NSF]
FX This project is supported by NOAA Award NA07NWS4680011 and in part by
NSF Award ATM-0239492NSF. The authors thank David Brown, Sean Huber,
Ivory Reinert, and Russell White for their dedicated and professional
service in maintaining and operating the University of South Alabama
Mesonet. This project would not have been possible without our numerous
site hosts graciously offering a safe location for our weather stations
with free access to their property and the Internet. Finally, we extend
our gratitude to three anonymous reviewers whose insightful and
constructive comments significantly improved the quality of this
document.
NR 7
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 27
IS 9
BP 1417
EP 1439
DI 10.1175/2010JTECHA1376.1
PG 23
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 652WS
UT WOS:000282042200001
ER
PT J
AU Hadley, TL
Grizzle, J
Rotstein, DS
Perrin, S
Gerhardt, LE
Beam, JD
Saxton, AM
Jones, MP
Daniel, GB
AF Hadley, Tarah L.
Grizzle, Judith
Rotstein, David S.
Perrin, Shannon
Gerhardt, Lillian E.
Beam, James D.
Saxton, Arnold M.
Jones, Michael P.
Daniel, Gregory B.
TI Determination of an Oral Aflatoxin Dose That Acutely Impairs Hepatic
Function in Domestic Pigeons (Columba livia)
SO JOURNAL OF AVIAN MEDICINE AND SURGERY
LA English
DT Article
DE aflatoxin B(1); mycotoxin; scintigraphy; 99mTc-mebrofenin; liver; bile
acids; avian; pigeon; Columba livia
ID TIME-ACTIVITY CURVES; BROILER CHICKS; DIETARY AFLATOXIN; TURKEY POULTS;
B-1; PERFORMANCE; RESIDUES; EXPOSURE; DISEASE; DOGS
AB Aflatoxin B(1) is a common hepatotoxin in birds. The goal of this study was to establish an acute model for hepatotoxicosis and decreased hepatic function in the white Carneaux pigeon (Columba livia) via oral administration of this mycotoxin. Aflatoxin B(1) was orally administered at a dose of 3 mg/kg dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide to 3 groups of pigeons every 24 hours for 2, 4, and 6 consecutive days, respectively. Diagnostic modalities used to evaluate hepatic damage and impaired hepatic function pre- and postaflatoxin administration included liver enzyme activity, bile acid levels, scintigraphy, and histopathologic evaluation of liver biopsy specimens. Deaths occurred in all groups, increasing with the number of consecutive days the aflatoxin B(1) was dosed. Significant histopathologic lesions were seen on evaluation of hepatic tissue from each group after accumulated aflatoxin exposure (P < .05); therefore, an oral aflatoxin B(1) dose of 3 mg/kg given for 2 consecutive days was selected for the purpose of inducing acute hepatic damage while minimizing mortality. However, although increased liver enzyme activity indicated hepatocellular damage at this dosage, bile acids testing and hepatobiliary scintigraphy did not show significantly decreased hepatic function.
C1 [Hadley, Tarah L.; Gerhardt, Lillian E.; Beam, James D.; Jones, Michael P.; Daniel, Gregory B.] Univ Tennessee, Coll Vet Med, Dept Small Anim Clin Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Grizzle, Judith; Perrin, Shannon; Saxton, Arnold M.] Univ Tennessee, Coll Vet Med, Dept Anim Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Rotstein, David S.] Univ Tennessee, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Daniel, Gregory B.] Virginia Tech, Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, Dept Small Anim Clin Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Perrin, Shannon] Univ Tennessee Extens, Maynardville, TN 37807 USA.
[Rotstein, David S.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, US Dept Commerce, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Hadley, TL (reprint author), Atlanta Hosp Birds & Exot, 2274 Salem Rd,106-149, Conyers, GA 30013 USA.
RI Daniel, Gregory/I-1597-2016
OI Daniel, Gregory/0000-0002-7313-7425
FU Morris Animal Foundation
FX We thank the Morris Animal Foundation for financial support of this
research. We also thank Roger Long of the East Tennessee Research and
Education Center for his expertise in construction of the transparent
acrylic boxes used in the study.
NR 31
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 5
PU ASSOC AVIAN VETERINARIANS
PI BOCA RATON
PA PO BOX 811720, BOCA RATON, FL 33481 USA
SN 1082-6742
J9 J AVIAN MED SURG
JI J. Avian Med. Surg.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 24
IS 3
BP 210
EP 221
PG 12
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 665AL
UT WOS:000283006000006
PM 21046941
ER
PT J
AU Rasulov, SM
Abdulagatov, IM
AF Rasulov, Suleiman M.
Abdulagatov, Ilmutdin M.
TI PVTx Measurements of Water-n-Pentane Mixtures in Critical and
Supercritical Regions
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
LA English
DT Article
ID ISOCHORIC HEAT-CAPACITY; PHASE-EQUILIBRIA; HIGH-PRESSURES;
CRITICAL-POINT; LIQUID-LIQUID; BINARY-SYSTEM; TEMPERATURES; VAPOR;
NONELECTROLYTES; METHANOL
AB The PVTx properties of H(2)O + n-C(5)H(12) mixtures have been measured in the near- and supercritical regions. Measurements were made along 66 liquid and vapor isochores in the density range from (63 to 713) kg center dot m(-3), at temperatures from (303 to 684) K, and at pressures up to 63 MPa. Measurements were made for eight concentrations between 0.0270 and 0.8898 mole fractions of n-C(5)H(12). The temperatures and pressures at the three-phase (liquid liquid gas) and two-phase (liquid gas) boundary curves for the H(2)O n-C(5)H(12) mixtures were obtained using the isochoric (P T) break point technique. The expanded uncertainty of the density, pressure, and temperature measurements at the 95 % confidence level with a coverage factor of k = 2 is estimated to be 0.12 % (at high densities) to 0.15 % (at low densities), (0.0005 to 0.03) MPa, and 15 mK, respectively. The critical property (P(C,)T(C)) data of the upper and lower branches of the critical curves were extracted from the derived phase-boundary data. The measured three-phase data were used to estimate the value of the upper critical end point. The value of the Krichevskii parameter was calculated from the direct measured PVTx and the derived critical property data.
C1 [Abdulagatov, Ilmutdin M.] Russian Acad Sci, Geothermal Res Inst, Dagestan Sci Ctr, Makhachkala 367030, Dagestan, Russia.
[Rasulov, Suleiman M.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Dagestan Sci Ctr, Makhachkala 367005, Dagestan, Russia.
RP Abdulagatov, IM (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Thermophys Properties Div, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM ilmutdin@boulder.nist.gov
NR 48
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0021-9568
J9 J CHEM ENG DATA
JI J. Chem. Eng. Data
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 55
IS 9
BP 3247
EP 3261
DI 10.1021/je100073y
PG 15
WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Engineering
GA 646TX
UT WOS:000281567000052
ER
PT J
AU Kang, JW
Diky, V
Chirico, RD
Magee, JW
Muzny, CD
Abdulagatov, I
Kazakov, AF
Frenkel, M
AF Kang, Jeong Won
Diky, Vladimir
Chirico, Robert D.
Magee, Joseph W.
Muzny, Chris D.
Abdulagatov, Ilmutdin
Kazakov, Andrei F.
Frenkel, Michael
TI Quality Assessment Algorithm for Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium Data
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
LA English
DT Article
ID THERMODATA ENGINE TDE; THERMODYNAMIC CONSISTENCY; SOFTWARE
IMPLEMENTATION; VIRIAL-COEFFICIENTS; BINARY-MIXTURES; ETHANOL; WATER
AB A quality assessment algorithm for vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) data has been developed. The proposed algorithm combines four widely used tests of VLE consistency based on the requirements of the Gibbs-Duhem equation, with a check of consistency between the VLE binary data and the pure compound vapor pressures. A VLE data-quality criterion is proposed based on the developed algorithm, and it has been implemented in a software application in support of dynamic data evaluation. VLE predictions (NRTL and UNIFAC) were deployed to detect possible anomalies in the data sets. The proposed algorithm can be applied to VLE data sets with at least three state variables reported (pressure, temperature, plus liquid and/or vapor composition) and is applicable to all nonreacting chemical systems at subcritical conditions. Application of the developed algorithms to identification of erroneous published VLE data sets is demonstrated.
C1 [Diky, Vladimir; Chirico, Robert D.; Magee, Joseph W.; Muzny, Chris D.; Abdulagatov, Ilmutdin; Kazakov, Andrei F.; Frenkel, Michael] NIST, Thermophys Properties Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Kang, Jeong Won] Korea Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Seoul 136701, South Korea.
RP Frenkel, M (reprint author), NIST, Thermophys Properties Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM frenkel@boulder.nist.gov
RI Magee, Joseph/A-8496-2009; Kang, Jeongwon/F-7010-2013
OI Magee, Joseph/0000-0002-9312-8593; Kang, Jeongwon/0000-0002-5161-1122
NR 37
TC 45
Z9 45
U1 0
U2 13
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0021-9568
J9 J CHEM ENG DATA
JI J. Chem. Eng. Data
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 55
IS 9
BP 3631
EP 3640
DI 10.1021/je1002169
PG 10
WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical
SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Engineering
GA 646TX
UT WOS:000281567000115
ER
PT J
AU Heller, SR
AF Heller, Stephen R.
TI WordPerfect X5.
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL INFORMATION AND MODELING
LA English
DT Software Review
C1 NIST, CBRD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Heller, SR (reprint author), NIST, CBRD, 221-A111,100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1549-9596
J9 J CHEM INF MODEL
JI J. Chem Inf. Model.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 50
IS 9
BP 1757
EP 1757
DI 10.1021/ci100291b
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science,
Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Computer Science
GA 653JT
UT WOS:000282087300023
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, RD
Irikura, KK
Kacker, RN
Kessel, R
AF Johnson, Russell D., III
Irikura, Karl K.
Kacker, Raghu N.
Kessel, Ruediger
TI Scaling Factors and Uncertainties for ab Initio Anharmonic Vibrational
Frequencies
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THEORY AND COMPUTATION
LA English
DT Article
ID LARGE MOLECULES; ENERGIES; APPROXIMATION; MP2
AB To predict the vibrational spectra of molecules, ab initio calculations are often used to compute harmonic frequencies, which are usually scaled by empirical factors as an approximate correction for errors in the force constants and for anharmonic effects. Anharmonic computations of fundamental frequencies are becoming increasingly popular. We report scaling factors, along with their associated uncertainties, for anharmonic (second-order perturbation theory) predictions from HF, MP2, and B3LYP calculations using the 6-31G(d) and 6-31+G(d,p) basis sets. Different scaling factors are appropriate for low- and high-frequency vibrations. The method of analysis is based upon the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement, published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). The data used are from the Computational Chemistry Comparison and Benchmark Database (CCCBDB), maintained by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, which includes more than 3939 independent vibrations for 358 molecules.
C1 [Johnson, Russell D., III; Irikura, Karl K.] NIST, Chem & Biochem Reference Data Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Kacker, Raghu N.; Kessel, Ruediger] NIST, Math Computat Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Johnson, RD (reprint author), NIST, Chem & Biochem Reference Data Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM russell.johnson@nist.gov
RI Irikura, Karl/A-4266-2009
OI Irikura, Karl/0000-0001-7515-6761
NR 23
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 0
U2 27
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1549-9618
J9 J CHEM THEORY COMPUT
JI J. Chem. Theory Comput.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 6
IS 9
BP 2822
EP 2828
DI 10.1021/ct100244d
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 648KQ
UT WOS:000281693000025
PM 26616083
ER
PT J
AU Yin, JJ
Griffies, SM
Stouffer, RJ
AF Yin, Jianjun
Griffies, Stephen M.
Stouffer, Ronald J.
TI Spatial Variability of Sea Level Rise in Twenty-First Century
Projections
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID COUPLED CLIMATE MODELS; THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION; ATMOSPHERIC CO2;
OCEAN; SIMULATIONS; FORMULATION; WESTERLIES; SCENARIO; INCREASE; IMPACTS
AB A set of state-of-the-science climate models are used to investigate global sea level rise (SLR) patterns induced by ocean dynamics in twenty-first-century climate projections. The identified robust features include bipolar and bihemisphere seesaws in the basin-wide SLR, dipole patterns in the North Atlantic and North Pacific, and a beltlike pattern in the Southern Ocean. The physical and dynamical mechanisms that cause these patterns are investigated in detail using version 2.1 of the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) Coupled Model (CM2.1). Under the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) A1B scenario, the steric sea level changes relative to the global mean (the local part) in different ocean basins are attributed to differential heating and salinity changes of various ocean layers and associated physical processes. As a result of these changes, water tends to move from the ocean interior to continental shelves. In the North Atlantic, sea level rises north of the Gulf Stream but falls to the south. The dipole pattern is induced by a weakening of the meridional overturning circulation. This weakening leads to a local steric SLR east of North America, which drives more waters toward the shelf, directly impacting northeastern North America. An opposite dipole occurs in the North Pacific. The dynamic SLR east of Japan is linked to a strong steric effect in the upper ocean and a poleward expansion of the subtropical gyre. In the Southern Ocean, the beltlike pattern is dominated by the baroclinic process during the twenty-first century, while the barotropic response of sea level to wind stress anomalies is significantly delayed.
C1 [Yin, Jianjun] Florida State Univ, Ctr Ocean Atmospher Predict Studies, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Griffies, Stephen M.; Stouffer, Ronald J.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
RP Yin, JJ (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Ctr Ocean Atmospher Predict Studies, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
EM yin@coaps.fsu.edu
FU Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-FG02-07ER64470]
FX We thank A. Gnanadesikan, J. Gregory, A. Fiore, and the anonymous
reviewers for their comments and suggestions. We also thank many others
at GFDL who contributed to the model's development and the IPCC runs. We
acknowledge the modeling groups, the Program for Climate Model Diagnosis
and Intercomparison (PCMDI) and the WCRP's Working Group on Coupled
Modelling (WGCM), for their roles in making available the WCRP CMIP3
multimodel dataset. Support of this dataset is provided by the Office of
Science, U.S. Department of Energy. JY is supported by the U.S.
Department of Energy (Grant DE-FG02-07ER64470).
NR 54
TC 80
Z9 83
U1 2
U2 26
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 23
IS 17
BP 4585
EP 4607
DI 10.1175/2010JCLI3533.1
PG 23
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 647YB
UT WOS:000281655600009
ER
PT J
AU Higgins, RW
Kousky, VE
Silva, VBS
Becker, E
Xie, P
AF Higgins, R. W.
Kousky, V. E.
Silva, V. B. S.
Becker, E.
Xie, P.
TI Intercomparison of Daily Precipitation Statistics over the United States
in Observations and in NCEP Reanalysis Products
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID CLIMATE FORECAST SYSTEM; SOUTHERN OSCILLATION; ENSO; VARIABILITY;
RAINFALL; CYCLE
AB A comparison of the statistics of daily precipitation over the conterminous United States is carried out using gridded station data and three generations of reanalysis products in use at the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP). The reanalysis products are the NCEP-NCAR reanalysis (Kalnay et al.), the NCEP-Department of Energy (DOE) reanalysis (Kanamitsu et al.), and the NCEP Climate Forecast System (CFS) reanalysis (Saha et al.). Several simple measures are used to characterize relationships between the observations and the reanalysis products, including bias, precipitation probability, variance, and correlation. Seasonality is accounted for by examining these measures for four nonoverlapping seasons, using daily data in each case. Relationships between daily precipitation and El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phase are also considered.
It is shown that the CFS reanalysis represents a clear improvement over the earlier reanalysis products, though significant biases remain. Comparisons of the error patterns in the reanalysis products provide a suitable basis for confident conversion of the Climate Prediction Center (CPC) operational monitoring and prediction products to the new generation of analyses based on CFS.
C1 [Higgins, R. W.; Silva, V. B. S.; Xie, P.] NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, NWS, NCEP, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[Kousky, V. E.; Becker, E.] Wyle Informat Syst, Mclean, VA USA.
RP Higgins, RW (reprint author), NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, NWS, NCEP, 5200 Auth Rd, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
EM wayne.higgins@noaa.gov
NR 23
TC 20
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 23
IS 17
BP 4637
EP 4650
DI 10.1175/2010JCLI3638.1
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 647YB
UT WOS:000281655600012
ER
PT J
AU Seager, R
Naik, N
Vecchi, GA
AF Seager, Richard
Naik, Naomi
Vecchi, Gabriel A.
TI Thermodynamic and Dynamic Mechanisms for Large-Scale Changes in the
Hydrological Cycle in Response to Global Warming
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; STORM TRACKS; CIRCULATION
AB The mechanisms of changes in the large-scale hydrological cycle projected by 15 models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 3 and used for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's Fourth Assessment Report are analyzed by computing differences between 2046 and 2065 and 1961 and 2000. The contributions to changes in precipitation minus evaporation, P-E, caused thermodynamically by changes in specific humidity, dynamically by changes in circulation, and by changes in moisture transports by transient eddies are evaluated. The thermodynamic and dynamic contributions are further separated into advective and divergent components. The nonthermodynamic contributions are then related to changes in the mean and transient circulation. The projected change in P-E involves an intensification of the existing pattern of P-E with wet areas [the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) and mid-to high latitudes] getting wetter and arid and semiarid regions of the subtropics getting drier. In addition, the subtropical dry zones expand poleward. The accentuation of the twentieth-century pattern of P-E is in part explained by increases in specific humidity via both advection and divergence terms. Weakening of the tropical divergent circulation partially opposes the thermodynamic contribution by creating a tendency to decreased P-E in the ITCZ and to increased P-E in the descending branches of the Walker and Hadley cells. The changing mean circulation also causes decreased P 2 E on the poleward flanks of the subtropics because the descending branch of the Hadley Cell expands and the midlatitude meridional circulation cell shifts poleward. Subtropical drying and poleward moistening are also contributed to by an increase in poleward moisture transport by transient eddies. The thermodynamic contribution to changing P-E, arising from increased specific humidity, is almost entirely accounted for by atmospheric warming under fixed relative humidity.
C1 [Seager, Richard; Naik, Naomi] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
[Vecchi, Gabriel A.] Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
RP Seager, R (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, 61 Rt 9W, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
EM seager@ldeo.columbia.edu
RI Vecchi, Gabriel/A-2413-2008
OI Vecchi, Gabriel/0000-0002-5085-224X
FU NOAA [NA03OAR4320179, NA08OAR4320912]; NSF [ATM-08-04107]
FX This work was supported by NOAA Grants NA03OAR4320179 and
NA08OAR4320912, and NSF Grant ATM-08-04107. We thank Isaac Held for his
comments on an earlier draft of this paper and three anonymous reviewers
for their comments.
NR 24
TC 186
Z9 188
U1 7
U2 67
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 23
IS 17
BP 4651
EP 4668
DI 10.1175/2010JCLI3655.1
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 647YB
UT WOS:000281655600013
ER
PT J
AU Seo, KH
Wang, WQ
AF Seo, Kyong-Hwan
Wang, Wanqiu
TI The Madden-Julian Oscillation Simulated in the NCEP Climate Forecast
System Model: The Importance of Stratiform Heating
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID TROPICAL INTRASEASONAL OSCILLATION; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODELS;
SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; CONVECTION PARAMETERIZATION; ARAKAWA-SCHUBERT;
MOIST CONVECTION; RANGE FORECASTS; BOREAL SUMMER; PART I; PRECIPITATION
AB This study investigates the capability for simulating the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) in a series of atmosphere-ocean coupled and uncoupled simulations using NCEP operational general circulation models. The effect of air-sea coupling on the MJO is examined by comparing long-term simulations from the coupled Climate Forecast System (CFS T62) and the atmospheric Global Forecast System (GFS T62) models. Another coupled simulation with a higher horizontal resolution model (CFS T126) is performed to investigate the impact of model horizontal resolution. Furthermore, to examine the impact on a deep convection scheme, an additional coupled T126 run (CFS T126RAS) is conducted with the relaxed Arakawa-Schubert (RAS) scheme. The most important factors for the proper simulation of the MJO are investigated from these runs.
The empirical orthogonal function, lagged regression, and spectral analyses indicated that the interactive air-sea coupling greatly improved the coherence between convection, circulation, and other surface fields on the intraseasonal time scale. A higher horizontal resolution run (CFS T126) did not show significant improvements in the intensity and structure. However, GFS T62, CFS T62, and CFS T126 all yielded the 30-60-day variances that were not statistically distinguishable from the background red noise spectrum. Their eastward propagation was stalled over the Maritime Continent and far western Pacific. In contrast to the model simulations using the simplified Arakawa-Schubert (SAS) cumulus scheme, CFS T126RAS produced statistically significant spectral peaks in the MJO frequency band, and greatly improved the strength of the MJO convection and circulation. Most importantly, the ability of MJO convection signal to penetrate into the Maritime Continent and western Pacific was demonstrated. In this simulation, an early-stage shallow heating and moistening preconditioned the atmosphere for subsequent intense MJO convection and a top-heavy vertical heating profile was formed by stratiform heating in the upper and middle troposphere, working to increase temperature anomalies and hence eddy available potential energy that sustains the MJO. The stratiform heating arose from convective detrainment of moisture to the environment and stratiform anvil clouds. Therefore, the following factors were analyzed to be most important for the proper simulation of the MJO rather than the correct simulations of basic-state precipitation, sea surface temperature, intertropical convergence zone, vertical zonal wind shear, and lower-level zonal winds: 1) an elevated vertical heating structure (by stratiform heating), 2) a moisture-stratiform instability process (a positive feedback process between moisture and convective-stratiform clouds), and 3) the low-level moisture convergence to the east of MJO convection (through the appropriate moisture and convective-stratiform cloud processes-circulation interactions). The improved MJO simulation did improve the global circulation response to the tropical heating and may extend the predictability of weather and climate over Asia and North America.
C1 [Seo, Kyong-Hwan] Pusan Natl Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Pusan, South Korea.
[Wang, Wanqiu] NOAA NWS NCEP, Climate Predict Ctr, Camp Springs, MD USA.
RP Seo, KH (reprint author), Pusan Natl Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Pusan, South Korea.
EM khseo@pusan.ac.kr
FU Korea Meteorological Administration Research and Development Program
[CATER 2007-4208]; Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information
FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Jialin Lin at Ohio State University,
Dr. S. Moothi at EMC/NCEP/NOAA, and the anonymous reviewers for their
helpful and constructive comments and suggestions. This work was funded
by the Korea Meteorological Administration Research and Development
Program under Grant CATER 2007-4208. This work was supported by the
Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information.
NR 65
TC 43
Z9 44
U1 0
U2 9
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 23
IS 18
BP 4770
EP 4793
DI 10.1175/2010JCLI2983.1
PG 24
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 660WU
UT WOS:000282678000004
ER
PT J
AU Serra, YL
Kiladis, GN
Hodges, KI
AF Serra, Yolande L.
Kiladis, George N.
Hodges, Kevin I.
TI Tracking and Mean Structure of Easterly Waves over the Intra-Americas
Sea
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID PACIFIC HURRICANE SEASON; LOW-LEVEL JET; SYNOPTIC-SCALE DISTURBANCES;
ATLANTIC TROPICAL SYSTEMS; GULF-OF-CALIFORNIA; STORM TRACKS;
3-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE; PART I; NORTHERN SUMMER; ITCZ BREAKDOWN
AB Easterly waves (EWs) are prominent features of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ), found in both the Atlantic and Pacific during the Northern Hemisphere summer and fall, where they commonly serve as precursors to hurricanes over both basins. A large proportion of Atlantic EWs are known to form over Africa, but the origin of EWs over the Caribbean and east Pacific in particular has not been established in detail. In this study reanalyses are used to examine the coherence of the large-scale wave signatures and to obtain track statistics and energy conversion terms for EWs across this region. Regression analysis demonstrates that some EW kinematic structures readily propagate between the Atlantic and east Pacific, with the highest correlations observed across Costa Rica and Panama. Track statistics are consistent with this analysis and suggest that some individual waves are maintained as they pass from the Atlantic into the east Pacific, whereas others are generated locally in the Caribbean and east Pacific. Vortex anomalies associated with the waves are observed on the leeward side of the Sierra Madre, propagating northwestward along the coast, consistent with previous modeling studies of the interactions between zonal flow and EWs with model topography similar to the Sierra Madre. An energetics analysis additionally indicates that the Caribbean low-level jet and its extension into the east Pacific-known as the Papagayo jet-are a source of energy for EWs in the region. Two case studies support these statistics, as well as demonstrate the modulation of EW track and storm development location by the MJO.
C1 [Serra, Yolande L.] Univ Arizona, Dept Atmospher Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Kiladis, George N.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
[Hodges, Kevin I.] Univ Reading, Environm Syst Sci Ctr, Reading, Berks, England.
RP Serra, YL (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Atmospher Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, 1118 E 4th St,POB 210081, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM serra@atmo.arizona.edu
RI Serra, Yolande/I-3457-2015
OI Serra, Yolande/0000-0003-3542-1158
FU NOAA Climate Program Office; NOAA's Office of Global Programs [GC05-156]
FX YLS was supported by the NOAA Climate Program Office's Climate
Predication Program for the Americas (CPPA) program. GNK was supported
by NOAA's Office of Global Programs under Grant GC05-156. ERA-I data
used in this study were provided by the ECMWF data server.
NR 76
TC 44
Z9 44
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 23
IS 18
BP 4823
EP 4840
DI 10.1175/2010JCLI3223.1
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 660WU
UT WOS:000282678000007
ER
PT J
AU Huang, BY
Xue, Y
Zhang, DX
Kumar, A
McPhaden, MJ
AF Huang, Boyin
Xue, Yan
Zhang, Dongxiao
Kumar, Arun
McPhaden, Michael J.
TI The NCEP GODAS Ocean Analysis of the Tropical Pacific Mixed Layer Heat
Budget on Seasonal to Interannual Time Scales
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; EASTERN EQUATORIAL PACIFIC; 1997-98 EL-NINO;
ANNUAL CYCLE; WIND STRESS; SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; INSTABILITY WAVES; DATA
ASSIMILATION; ANALYSIS SYSTEM; BARRIER-LAYER
AB The mixed layer heat budget in the tropical Pacific is diagnosed using pentad (5 day) averaged outputs from the Global Ocean Data Assimilation System (GODAS), which is operational at the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP). The GODAS is currently used by the NCEP Climate Prediction Center (CPC) to monitor and to understand El Nino and La Nina in near real time. The purpose of this study is to assess the feasibility of using an operational ocean data assimilation system to understand SST variability.
The climatological mean and seasonal cycle of mixed layer heat budgets derived from GODAS agree reasonably well with previous observational and model-based estimates. However, significant differences and biases were noticed. Large biases were found in GODAS zonal and meridional currents, which contributed to biases in the annual cycle of zonal and meridional advective heat fluxes. The warming due to tropical instability waves in boreal fall is severely underestimated owing to use of a 4-week data assimilation window. On interannual time scales, the GODAS heat budget closure is good for weak-to-moderate El Ninos. A composite for weak-to-moderate El Ninos suggests that zonal and meridional temperature advection and vertical entrainment/diffusion all contributed to the onset of the event and that zonal advection played the dominant role during decay of the event and the transition to La Nina. The net surface heat flux acts as a damping during the development stage, but plays a critical role in the decay of El Nino and the transition to the following La Nina.
The GODAS heat budget closure is generally poor for strong La Ninas. Despite the biases, the GODAS heat budget analysis tool is useful in monitoring and understanding the physical processes controlling SST variability associated with ENSO. Therefore, it has been implemented operationally at CPC in support of NOAA's ENSO forecasting.
C1 [Huang, Boyin; Xue, Yan; Kumar, Arun] NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[Zhang, Dongxiao; McPhaden, Michael J.] NOAA, Pacific Marine & Environm Lab, Seattle, WA USA.
RP Huang, BY (reprint author), Wyle Informat Syst, 5200 Auth Rd,Room 605-A WWB, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
EM boyin.huang@noaa.gov
RI McPhaden, Michael/D-9799-2016
FU NOAA; NOAA's Climate Program Office
FX We thank Dr. Kelvin Richards, Dr. Shangping Xie, and an anonymous
reviewer for their critical and constructive comments, which helped us
improve the manuscript significantly. We also want to thank Dr. David
Behringer, who provided us detailed information about the GODAS ocean
analysis and for helpful discussions on our results. This work was
partially supported by the Climate Test Bed of NOAA and also by NOAA's
Climate Program Office.
NR 63
TC 25
Z9 26
U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 23
IS 18
BP 4901
EP 4925
DI 10.1175/2010JCLI3373.1
PG 25
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 660WU
UT WOS:000282678000011
ER
PT J
AU Liu, S
Yang, S
Lian, Y
Zheng, DW
Wen, M
Tu, G
Shen, BZ
Gao, ZT
Wang, DH
AF Liu, Shi
Yang, Song
Lian, Yi
Zheng, Dawei
Wen, Min
Tu, Gang
Shen, Baizhu
Gao, Zongting
Wang, Donghai
TI Time-Frequency Characteristics of Regional Climate over Northeast China
and Their Relationships with Atmospheric Circulation Patterns
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; PRECIPITATION; ANOMALIES; SPECTRUM; WINTER
AB The time-frequency characteristics of the variations of temperature and precipitation over the city of Changchun in northeast China and their associations with large-scale atmospheric and oceanic conditions are analyzed. It is found that the variations of the regional climate are characterized by strong semiannual signals. For precipitation, the amplitude of semiannual signal is about half of that of the annual cycle. The relationships of the Changchun temperature and precipitation with local winds and large-scale patterns of atmospheric circulation and sea surface temperature are also strongest on annual and semiannual time scales. These strong semiannual signals are potentially helpful for improving the prediction of the regional climate.
On the annual time scale, the northeast China climate is affected by both the thermal contrast between the Asian continent and the tropical Indo-Pacific Oceans and that between the continent and the extratropical North Pacific. These effects are manifested by the cyclonic (anticyclonic) pattern over the Asian continent (North Pacific) and the strong southerly flow over East Asia and northwestern Pacific associated with increases in temperature and precipitation. On the semiannual time scale, the northeast China climate is mainly related to the large-scale circulation pattern centered over the North Pacific, with its western portion over northeast China, North and South Korea, and Japan. While temperature signals are related to extratropical atmospheric process more apparently, both extratropical and tropical influences are seen in the semiannual variation of precipitation.
There exist strong relationships between Changchun temperature and precipitation and the North Pacific Oscillation (NPO) in the frequency band up to 7 months. Temperature increases and precipitation decreases when NPO is positive. The relationships were weak before 1980 but became stronger afterward, associated with the strengthening of the East Asian trough.
C1 [Yang, Song] NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[Liu, Shi; Lian, Yi; Tu, Gang; Shen, Baizhu; Gao, Zongting] Inst Meteorol Sci Jilin Prov, Changchun, Jilin, Peoples R China.
[Zheng, Dawei] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Astron Observ, Shanghai, Peoples R China.
[Wen, Min; Wang, Donghai] Chinese Acad Meteorol Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China.
RP Yang, S (reprint author), NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, World Weather Bldg,Room 605, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
EM song.yang@noaa.gov
RI Yang, Song/B-4952-2009
FU Governor's Foundation of Jilin province, China
FX We are thankful for the helpful reviews by editor James Renwick and four
anonymous reviewers. This study was partially supported by the
Governor's Foundation of Jilin province, China.
NR 26
TC 7
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 23
IS 18
BP 4956
EP 4972
DI 10.1175/2010JCLI3554.1
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 660WU
UT WOS:000282678000014
ER
PT J
AU Murphy, DM
Forster, PM
AF Murphy, D. M.
Forster, P. M.
TI On the Accuracy of Deriving Climate Feedback Parameters from
Correlations between Surface Temperature and Outgoing Radiation
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID SIMPLE-MODEL; SENSITIVITY
AB Changes in outgoing radiation are both a consequence and a cause of changes in the earth's temperature. Spencer and Braswell recently showed that in a simple box model for the earth the regression of outgoing radiation against surface temperature gave a slope that differed from the model's true feedback parameter. They went on to select input parameters for the box model based on observations, computed the difference for those conditions, and asserted that there is a significant bias for climate studies. This paper shows that Spencer and Braswell overestimated the difference. Differences between the regression slope and the true feedback parameter are significantly reduced when 1) a more realistic value for the ocean mixed layer depth is used, 2) a corrected standard deviation of outgoing radiation is used, and 3) the model temperature variability is computed over the same time interval as the observations. When all three changes are made, the difference between the slope and feedback parameter is less than one-tenth of that estimated by Spencer and Braswell. Absolute values of the difference for realistic cases are less than 0.05 W m (2) K (1), which is not significant for climate studies that employ regressions of outgoing radiation against temperature. Previously published results show that the difference is negligible in the Hadley Centre Slab Climate Model, version 3 (HadSM3).
C1 [Murphy, D. M.] NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Forster, P. M.] Univ Leeds, Sch Earth & Environm, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England.
RP Murphy, DM (reprint author), NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, 325 Broadway,R-CSD2, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM daniel.m.murphy@noaa.gov
RI Murphy, Daniel/J-4357-2012; Forster, Piers/F-9829-2010; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Murphy, Daniel/0000-0002-8091-7235; Forster, Piers/0000-0002-6078-0171;
FU NOAA
FX Researcher T. Wong provided CERES data for the tropical ocean regions.
This work was supported by NOAA base and climate change funding.
NR 15
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 23
IS 18
BP 4983
EP 4988
DI 10.1175/2010JCLI3657.1
PG 6
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 660WU
UT WOS:000282678000016
ER
PT J
AU Stern, ST
Hall, JB
Yu, LL
Wood, LJ
Paciotti, GF
Tamarkin, L
Long, SE
McNeil, SE
AF Stern, Stephan T.
Hall, Jennifer B.
Yu, Lee L.
Wood, Laura J.
Paciotti, Giulio F.
Tamarkin, Lawrence
Long, Stephen E.
McNeil, Scott E.
TI Translational considerations for cancer nanomedicine
SO JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 7th InternatIional NanoDDS Meeting
CY OCT 05-06, 2009
CL Indianapolis, IN
DE Nanotechnology; Biological potency; Modeling and simulation; Clinical
starting dose; Allometry
ID IN-VITRO; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; INTRAVENOUS-INJECTION; SILICA
NANOPARTICLES; ANTITUMOR EFFICACY; TOXICITY DATA; PBPK MODEL;
BIODISTRIBUTION; TUMOR; VIVO
AB There are many important considerations during preclinical development of cancer nanomedicines, including: 1) unique aspects of animal study design; 2) the difficulties in evaluating biological potency, especially for complex formulations; 3) the importance of analytical methods that can determine platform stability in vivo, and differentiate bound and free active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) in biological matrices; and 4) the appropriateness of current dose scaling techniques for estimation of clinical first-in-man dose from preclinical data. Biologics share many commonalities with nanotechnology products with regard to complexity and biological attributes, and can, in some cases, provide context for dealing with these preclinical issues. In other instances, such as the case of in vivo stability analysis, new approaches are required. This paper will discuss the significance of these preclinical issues, and present examples of current methods and best practices for addressing them. Where possible, these recommendations are justified using the existing regulatory guidance literature. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Stern, Stephan T.; Hall, Jennifer B.; McNeil, Scott E.] NCI, Nanotechnol Characterizat Lab, Adv Technol Program, SAIC Frederick Inc, Frederick, MD 21702 USA.
[Yu, Lee L.; Wood, Laura J.; Long, Stephen E.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Paciotti, Giulio F.; Tamarkin, Lawrence] CytImmune Sci, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.
RP Stern, ST (reprint author), NCI, Nanotechnol Characterizat Lab, Adv Technol Program, SAIC Frederick Inc, POB B, Frederick, MD 21702 USA.
EM sternstephan@mail.nih.gov; halljennifer@mail.nih.gov; lee.yu@nist.gov;
laura.wood@nist.gov; gpaciotti@cytimmune.com; ltamarkin@cytimune.com;
stephen.long@nist.gov; ncl@mail.nih.gov
RI Nanotechnology Characterization Lab, NCL/K-8454-2012; Yu,
Lee/N-7263-2015
OI Yu, Lee/0000-0002-8043-6853
FU CCR NIH HHS [HHSN261200800001C]; Intramural NIH HHS [Z99 CA999999]; NCI
NIH HHS [HHSN261200800001E]
NR 60
TC 50
Z9 51
U1 1
U2 14
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-3659
J9 J CONTROL RELEASE
JI J. Control. Release
PD SEP 1
PY 2010
VL 146
IS 2
SI SI
BP 164
EP 174
DI 10.1016/j.jconrel.2010.04.008
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 642ZS
UT WOS:000281261900002
PM 20385183
ER
PT J
AU Komabayashi, T
Imai, Y
Ahn, C
Chow, LC
Takagi, S
AF Komabayashi, Takashi
Imai, Yohji
Ahn, Chul
Chow, Laurence C.
Takagi, Shozo
TI Dentin permeability reduction by a sequential application of calcium and
fluoride-phosphate solutions
SO JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Dentin hypersensitivity; Desensitizing agents; Dentin permeability;
Sequential application; Disodium phosphate; Sodium fluoride; Calcium
chloride; Dentin tubules
ID TUBULE OCCLUSION; PRECIPITATION METHOD; INVITRO; HYPERSENSITIVITY;
SENSITIVITY
AB Objective A sequential topical application of calcium and fluoride-phosphate solutions was reported to occlude open dentin tubules, mainly with fluoroapatite precipitates by a rapid ionic reaction, and to be effective at treating dentin hypersensitivity However, its ability to reduce dentin permeability (Lp) is unknown The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of this treatment on Lp
Methods Nine extracted human third molars were sectioned transversely to obtain 0 5 mm-thick discs, which were then etched and rinsed Aqueous solutions of 5% (w/w) disodium phosphate containing 0 3% (w/w) sodium fluoride (A) and 10% (w/w) calcium chloride (B) were prepared The sequential application of the A&B solutions was repeated three times on each disc, which was then rinsed with distilled water The Lp of the discs was measured before and after the application using a modified Pashley's fluid flow measuring system The differences in the Lp values between the conditions before and after the solution applications were analysed using a generalized estimating equation method and paired t-test Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the dentin surfaces
Results All nine discs consistently indicated reduced Lp following the application of the A&B solutions There was a significant decrease in the mean Lp [mu L/(cm(2) s cm H(2)O)] from baseline (-0 27 +/- 0 25, p = 0 011) Overall, an average decrease of 34% Lp occurred after the application of the A&B solutions SEM observation indicated that the reaction products covered the entire dentin disc surface
Conclusion The application of the A&B solutions was effective at reducing the Lp of the dentin discs Published by Elsevier Ltd
C1 [Komabayashi, Takashi] Baylor Coll Dent, Dept Endodont, Texas A&M Hlth Sci Ctr, Dallas, TX 75246 USA.
[Imai, Yohji] Tokyo Med & Dent Univ, Tokyo, Japan.
[Ahn, Chul] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Dept Clin Sci, Dallas, TX USA.
[Chow, Laurence C.; Takagi, Shozo] NIST, Amer Dent Assoc Fdn, Paffenbarger Res Ctr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Komabayashi, T (reprint author), Baylor Coll Dent, Dept Endodont, Texas A&M Hlth Sci Ctr, 3302 Gaston Ave, Dallas, TX 75246 USA.
EM ICD38719@nifty.com
RI Komabayashi, Takashi/G-6422-2015
OI Komabayashi, Takashi/0000-0002-6364-8440
FU American Dental Association Foundation (ADAF); National Institute of
Standards and Technology (NIST); National Institute of Dental and
Craniofacial Research [DE11789]; NIH [KL2RR024983]; National Center for
Research Resources (NCRR) [UL1 RR024982]
FX This work has been supported by the American Dental Association
Foundation (ADAF), the National Institute of Standards and Technology
(NIST), and the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research
(DE11789), NIH KL2RR024983 (TK) and UL1 RR024982, entitled, "North and
Central Texas Clinical and Translational Science Initiative" from the
National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), a component of the
National Institutes of Health (NIH), and NIH Roadmap for Medical
Research, and its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors
and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NCRR or NIH
Information on NCRR is available at http //www ncrr nih gov/ Information
on Reengineenng the Clinical Research Enterprise can be obtained from
http //nihroadmap nih gov/clinicalresearch/ overview-translational asp
NR 25
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U1 1
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0300-5712
J9 J DENT
JI J. Dent.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 38
IS 9
BP 736
EP 741
DI 10.1016/j.jdent.2010.05.019
PG 6
WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
GA 645XS
UT WOS:000281500100007
PM 20685375
ER
PT J
AU Heideman, CL
Rostek, R
Anderson, MD
Herzing, AA
Anderson, IM
Johnson, DC
AF Heideman, Colby L.
Rostek, Raimar
Anderson, Michael D.
Herzing, Andrew A.
Anderson, Ian M.
Johnson, David C.
TI Synthesis and Electronic Properties of the Misfit Layer Compound
[(PbSe)(1.00)](1)[MoSe2](1)
SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 28th International Conference on Thermoelectrics/7th European Conference
on Thermoelectrics
CY JUL 26-30, 2009
CL Freiburg, GERMANY
DE Misfit-layered compounds; carrier properties; thermoelectrics; thin
films
ID CHROMIUM SULFIDE; FILMS; MICROANALYSIS; COATINGS
AB An ultralow-thermal-conductivity compound with the ideal formula [(PbSe)(1.00)](1)[MoSe2](1) has been successfully crystallized across a range of compositions. The lattice parameters varied from 1.246 nm to 1.275 nm, and the quality of the observed 00a"" diffraction patterns varied through the composition region where the structure crystallized. Measured resistivity values ranged over an order of magnitude, from 0.03 Omega m to 0.65 Omega m, and Seebeck coefficients ranged from -181 mu V K-1 to 91 mu V K-1 in the samples after the initial annealing to form the basic structure. Annealing of samples under a controlled atmosphere of selenium resulted in low conductivities and large negative Seebeck coefficients, suggesting an n-doped semiconductor. Scanning transmission electron microscopy cross-sections confirmed the interleaving of bilayers of PbSe with Se-Mo-Se trilayers. High-angle annular dark-field images revealed an interesting volume defect, where PbSe grew through a region where a layer of MoSe2 would be expected in the perfect structure. Further studies are required to correlate the density of these defects with the observed electrical properties.
C1 [Heideman, Colby L.; Anderson, Michael D.; Johnson, David C.] Univ Oregon, Dept Chem, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
[Heideman, Colby L.; Anderson, Michael D.; Johnson, David C.] Univ Oregon, Inst Mat Sci, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
[Rostek, Raimar] Fraunhofer Inst Phys Messtech, D-79110 Freiburg, Germany.
[Anderson, Michael D.; Herzing, Andrew A.; Anderson, Ian M.] NIST, Surface & Microanal Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Heideman, CL (reprint author), Univ Oregon, Dept Chem, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
EM davej@uoregon.edu
RI Herzing, Andrew/D-6239-2012
NR 10
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 29
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0361-5235
J9 J ELECTRON MATER
JI J. Electron. Mater.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 39
IS 9
BP 1476
EP 1481
DI 10.1007/s11664-010-1303-4
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics
GA 644PW
UT WOS:000281393000021
ER
PT J
AU Hwang, CH
Lock, A
Bundy, M
Johnsson, E
Ko, GH
AF Hwang, Cheol-Hong
Lock, Andrew
Bundy, Matthew
Johnsson, Erik
Ko, Gwon Hyun
TI Studies on Fire Characteristics in Over- and Underventilated Full-scale
Compartments
SO JOURNAL OF FIRE SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE compartment fire; overventilated fire; underventilated fire; CO
production
ID COMBUSTION; GENERATION
AB An experimental study was conducted to investigate the thermal, chemical, and flow environments of heptane fires in an ISO 9705 room. Fuel flow rates and vent size were manipulated to create overventilated fire (OVF) and underventilated fire (UVF) conditions. Numerical simulations were also performed, for the same conditions, with the Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) developed at the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Both OVF and UVF conditions were characterized with temperature distributions, and combustion product formation measured locally in the upper layer, as well as combustion efficiency and global equivalence ratio. It was shown that the numerical results agree quantitatively with measurements in both OVF and UVF. The internal flow pattern rotated in the opposite direction for the UVF relative to the OVF so that a portion of products recirculated to the inside of compartment. This flow pattern may affect changes in the complex processes of CO and soot formation inside the compartment due to an increase in the residence time of high-temperature products. The 3D flow structures including O(2) and CO distribution were visualized inside the underventilated compartment fire using FDS. It was observed that the two gas sample locations in the upper layer of the room were insufficient to completely characterize the internal structure of the compartment fire.
C1 [Hwang, Cheol-Hong; Lock, Andrew; Bundy, Matthew; Johnsson, Erik; Ko, Gwon Hyun] NIST, Bldg & Fire Res Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Lock, A (reprint author), NIST, Bldg & Fire Res Lab, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8661, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM andrew.lock@nist.gov
FU Korean Government (MOEHRD) [KRF-2007-357-D00028]
FX The authors would like to thank Anthony Hamins, Richard Harris, Kevin
McGrattan, and Bryan Klein for helpful discussions, and Lauren DeLauter,
Doris Reinhart, Tony Chakalis, Greg Masenheimer, and Kelly Opert for
their technical assistance. C. H. Hwang gratefully acknowledges support
from a Korean Research Foundation Grant funded through the Korean
Government (MOEHRD) (KRF-2007-357-D00028).
NR 29
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U1 2
U2 9
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 0734-9041
J9 J FIRE SCI
JI J. Fire Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 28
IS 5
BP 459
EP 486
DI 10.1177/0734904110363106
PG 28
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 642LJ
UT WOS:000281214800003
ER
PT J
AU Denton, KP
Rich, HB
Moore, JW
Quinn, TP
AF Denton, K. P.
Rich, H. B., Jr.
Moore, J. W.
Quinn, T. P.
TI The utilization of a Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus nerka subsidy by three
populations of charr Salvelinus spp.
SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Iliamna Lake; length at age; MixSIR; polymorphism; stable isotopes
ID STABLE-ISOTOPE ANALYSIS; ELEMENTS TRANSPORTED UPSTREAM; POLYMORPHIC
ARCTIC CHARR; SOCKEYE-SALMON; TROPHIC POLYMORPHISM; DIETARY
SPECIALIZATION; ECOLOGICAL SEGREGATION; DELTA-C-13 EVIDENCE; RESIDENT
SALMONIDS; NITROGEN ISOTOPES
AB The L-F-at-age trajectories differentiated two populations of Dolly Varden charr Salvelinus malma and a population of Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus from the eastern end of Iliamna Lake, Alaska. Salvelinus malma from the Pedro Bay ponds were the smallest for a given age, followed by Salvelinus alpinus from the lake, and S. malma from the Iliamna River were much larger. The utilization of a large sockeye salmon Oncorhynchus nerka subsidy by the three Salvelinus spp. populations was then investigated by comparing diet data and mixing model (MixSIR) outputs based on carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes. Stomach contents indicated that both S. malma populations fed on O. nerka products, especially eggs and larval Diptera that had scavenged O. nerka carcasses, whereas S. alpinus fed on a variety of prey items such as three-spined sticklebacks Gasterosteus aculeatus and snails. Stable-isotope analysis corroborated the diet data; the two S. malma populations incorporated more O. nerka-derived nutrients into their tissues than did S. alpinus from the lake, although all populations showed substantial utilization of O. nerka-derived resources. Salvelinus alpinus also seemed to be much more omnivorous, as shown by stable-isotope mixing models, than the S. malma populations. The dramatic differences in growth rate between the two S. malma populations, despite similar trophic patterns, indicate that other important genetic or environmental factors affect their life history, including proximate temperature controls and ultimate predation pressures.
C1 [Denton, K. P.; Rich, H. B., Jr.; Quinn, T. P.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fisheries Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Moore, J. W.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Denton, KP (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM keith.denton@noaa.gov
FU National Science Foundation; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
FX The authors thank many individuals for collection of specimens,
especially T. Jaecks and W. Atlas. They would also thank D. Schindler
and T. Essington for comments on drafts of the manuscript and assistance
with the study design. M. Liermann provided assistance with the
statistical analyses and B. Semmens assisted with the MixSIR model.
Financial support was provided by the National Science Foundation's
BioComplexity Program, and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation.
NR 60
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Z9 15
U1 2
U2 20
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-1112
EI 1095-8649
J9 J FISH BIOL
JI J. Fish Biol.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 77
IS 4
BP 1006
EP 1023
DI 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2010.02746.x
PG 18
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 648SG
UT WOS:000281713700016
PM 20840627
ER
PT J
AU Chu, W
Song, J
Vorburger, T
Ballou, S
AF Chu, Wei
Song, John
Vorburger, Theodore
Ballou, Susan
TI Striation Density for Predicting the Identifiability of Fired Bullets
with Automated Inspection Systems
SO JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE edge detection; firearms identification; forensic science;
identifiability; morphology; striation density
ID EDGE-DETECTION; TOPOGRAPHY
AB Automated firearms identification systems will correlate a reference bullet with all evidence bullets without a selection procedure to exclude the bullets having insufficient bullet identifying signature. Correlations that include such bullets increase the workload and may affect the correlation accuracy. In this article, a parameter called striation density is proposed for determining and predicting bullet identifiability. After image preprocessing, edge detection and filtering techniques are used to extract the edges of striation marks, the resulting binary image distinctly shows the amount and distribution of striation marks. Then striation density is calculated for determining the quality of images. In the experiment, striation densities for six lands of 48 bullets fired from 12 gun barrels of six manufactures are calculated. Statistical results show strong relation between striation density and identification rate. It can provide firearms identification systems with a quantitative criterion to assess whether there are sufficient striae for reliable bullet identification.
C1 [Chu, Wei; Song, John; Vorburger, Theodore; Ballou, Susan] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Chu, Wei] Harbin Inst Technol, Harbin 150001, Peoples R China.
RP Chu, W (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8212, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM wei.chu@nist.gov
FU National Institute of Justice (NIJ) through the Office of Law
Enforcement Standards (OLES) at NIST
FX The funding for this research is provided by the National Institute of
Justice (NIJ) through the Office of Law Enforcement Standards (OLES) at
NIST. Certain commercial equipment, instruments, or materials are
identified in this paper to specify adequately the experimental
procedure. Such identification does not imply recommendation or
endorsement by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, nor
does it imply that the materials or equipment identified are necessarily
the best available for the purpose.
NR 19
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U1 0
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0022-1198
J9 J FORENSIC SCI
JI J. Forensic Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 55
IS 5
BP 1222
EP 1226
DI 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2010.01438.x
PG 5
WC Medicine, Legal
SC Legal Medicine
GA 647FI
UT WOS:000281602800013
PM 20487148
ER
PT J
AU Sorooshian, A
Feingold, G
Lebsock, MD
Jiang, HL
Stephens, GL
AF Sorooshian, Armin
Feingold, Graham
Lebsock, Matthew D.
Jiang, Hongli
Stephens, Graeme L.
TI Deconstructing the precipitation susceptibility construct: Improving
methodology for aerosol-cloud precipitation studies
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID TROPICAL RAINFALL; EFFECTIVE RADIUS; STRATOCUMULUS CLOUDS; MARINE
STRATOCUMULUS; RADIATIVE PROPERTIES; DRIZZLE FORMATION; DROPLET SIZE;
SATELLITE; MODEL; CLIMATE
AB It is generally thought that an increase in aerosol particles suppresses precipitation in warm clouds. The nature and magnitude of this effect are highly uncertain owing to numerous microphysical and macrophysical processes that influence clouds over a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. This work addresses the need to improve the evidence for and quantification of aerosol effects on precipitation by using observational data. Previous work introduced the concept of precipitation susceptibility as a metric for changes in precipitation that result from aerosol perturbations. Motivated by the difficulty in obtaining statistically significant aerosol measurements in the vicinity of clouds, this study explores breaking up the precipitation susceptibility construct into separate components: an aerosol-cloud interaction component and a cloud-precipitation component. These are used to quantify precipitation susceptibility, while also accounting for meteorological factors that could obfuscate the response of clouds to aerosol perturbations. The utility of this technique is demonstrated using a diverse set of tools, including data from NASA's A-Train constellation of satellites, aircraft measurements, and models of various complexities. Employing this method results in increased confidence in causal relationships between aerosol perturbations and precipitation.
C1 [Sorooshian, Armin] Univ Arizona, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Sorooshian, Armin] Univ Arizona, Dept Atmospher Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Feingold, Graham; Jiang, Hongli] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Lebsock, Matthew D.; Stephens, Graeme L.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Sorooshian, A (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, POB 210011, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM armin@email.arizona.edu
RI Feingold, Graham/B-6152-2009; Jiang, Hongli/N-3281-2014; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015;
OI Sorooshian, Armin/0000-0002-2243-2264
FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-10-1-0811, N00014-04-1-0018]; NOAA's
Climate Goal
FX A. S. acknowledges support from an Office of Naval Research YIP Award
(N00014-10-1-0811). The aircraft measurements were supported by the
Office of Naval Research grant N00014-04-1-0018. G.F. and H.J.
acknowledge support from NOAA's Climate Goal. We thank Toshihisa Matsui
and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments.
NR 72
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U1 3
U2 12
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD SEP 1
PY 2010
VL 115
AR D17201
DI 10.1029/2009JD013426
PG 11
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 646WD
UT WOS:000281573900002
ER
PT J
AU Wang, J
Hu, HG
Schwab, D
Leshkevich, G
Beletsky, D
Hawley, N
Clites, A
AF Wang, Jia
Hu, Haoguo
Schwab, David
Leshkevich, George
Beletsky, Dmitry
Hawley, Nathan
Clites, Anne
TI Development of the Great Lakes Ice-circulation Model (GLIM): Application
to Lake Erie in 2003-2004
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Coupled Ice-Ocean Model; Ice modeling; Lake ice cover; Ice thickness;
Ice speed; Lake surface temperature; Great Lakes; Lake Erie
ID OCEAN CLIMATE SIMULATIONS; SEA-ICE; HUDSON-BAY; SEASONAL CYCLE; LABRADOR
SEA; BALTIC SEA; MICHIGAN; CANADA; COVER; LAYER
AB To simulate ice and water circulation in Lake Erie over a yearly cycle, a Great Lakes Ice-circulation Model (GLIM) was developed by applying a Coupled Ice-Ocean Model (CIOM) with a 2-km resolution grid. The hourly surface wind stress and thermodynamic forcings for input into the GLIM are derived from meteorological measurements interpolated onto the 2-km model grids. The seasonal cycles for ice concentration, thickness, velocity, and other variables are well reproduced in the 2003/04 ice season. Satellite measurements of ice cover were used to validate GLIM with a mean bias deviation (MBD) of 7.4%. The seasonal cycle for lake surface temperature is well reproduced in comparison to the satellite measurements with a MBD of 1.5%. Additional sensitivity experiments further confirm the important impacts of ice cover on lake water temperature and water level variations. Furthermore, a period including an extreme cooling (due to a cold air outbreak) and an extreme warming event in February 2004 was examined to test GLIM's response to rapidly-changing synoptic forcing. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Wang, Jia; Schwab, David; Leshkevich, George; Hawley, Nathan; Clites, Anne] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[Hu, Haoguo; Beletsky, Dmitry] Univ Michigan, CILER, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
RP Wang, J (reprint author), NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, 4840 S State Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
EM jia.wang@noaa.gov
RI Schwab, David/B-7498-2012;
OI Beletsky, Dmitry/0000-0003-4532-0588
NR 46
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U1 2
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 36
IS 3
BP 425
EP 436
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2010.04.002
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 647XN
UT WOS:000281654200006
ER
PT J
AU Fuentes, MS
Rick, JJ
Hasenstein, KH
AF Fuentes, M. Soledad
Rick, Johannes J.
Hasenstein, Karl H.
TI Occurrence of a Cylindrospermopsis bloom in Louisiana
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Cylindrospermopsis; Harmful Algal Bloom; Nutrients; Morphotypes;
Phytoplankton
ID CYANOBACTERIUM; RACIBORSKII; FLORIDA; BRAZIL; LAKES
AB Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii occurs predominantly in tropical to subtropical freshwaters but appears to be spreading to temperate regions. After the hurricanes of 2005, a bloom of this organism took place in Lake Dauterive and Lake Fausse Pointe in Louisiana. The cyanobacterium dominated the phytoplankton community for three months. Of the three known morphotypes (straight, coiled and spiral) only coiled and spiral were found. In June 2006, 60% of the organisms were of the spiral morphotype but the relative abundance of this morphotype decreased dramatically within the month of June. However, the average density for both morphotypes remained the same until September. Densities (up to 160,000 cells/mL) significantly exceeded the threshold for toxicity. Because the sampled region offers optimal light and nutrient conditions, it is likely that C. raciborskii has been established in this region and future blooms can be expected. Therefore, a monitoring program should be implemented. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Fuentes, M. Soledad; Rick, Johannes J.; Hasenstein, Karl H.] Univ Louisiana Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA.
RP Hasenstein, KH (reprint author), NOAA, NMFS, 212 Rogers Ave, Milford, CT 06460 USA.
EM Maria.Soledad.Fuentes@noaa.gov; hjrick@hotmail.com;
hasenstein@louisiana.edu
NR 31
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PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 36
IS 3
BP 458
EP 464
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2010.05.006
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 647XN
UT WOS:000281654200009
ER
PT J
AU Rucinski, DK
Beletsky, D
DePinto, JV
Schwab, DJ
Scavia, D
AF Rucinski, Daniel K.
Beletsky, Dmitry
DePinto, Joseph V.
Schwab, David J.
Scavia, Donald
TI A simple 1-dimensional, climate based dissolved oxygen model for the
central basin of Lake Erie
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Lake Erie; Dissolved oxygen; Hypoxia; Model
ID GREAT-LAKES; WATER-QUALITY; TOTAL PHOSPHORUS; DEPLETION; DEMAND; TRENDS;
OCEAN; SCENARIOS; SEDIMENTS; DYNAMICS
AB A linked 1-dimensional thermal-dissolved oxygen model was developed and applied in the central basin of Lake Erie. The model was used to quantify the relative contribution of meteorological forcings versus the decomposition of hypolimnetic organic carbon on dissolved oxygen. The model computes daily vertical profiles of temperature, mixing, and dissolved oxygen for the period 1987-2005. Model calibration resulted in good agreement with observations of the thermal structure and oxygen concentrations throughout the period of study. The only calibration parameter, water column oxygen demand (WCOD), varied significantly across years. No significant relationships were found between these rates and the thermal properties; however, there was a significant correlation with soluble reactive phosphorus loading. These results indicate that climate variability alone, expressed as changes in thermal structure, does not account for the inter-annual variation in hypoxia. Rather, variation in the production of organic matter is a dominant driver, and this appears to have been responsive to changes in phosphorus loads. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Rucinski, Daniel K.; Beletsky, Dmitry; DePinto, Joseph V.; Scavia, Donald] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Rucinski, Daniel K.; DePinto, Joseph V.] LimnoTech, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[Beletsky, Dmitry] Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosyst Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Schwab, David J.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[Scavia, Donald] Univ Michigan, Graham Environm Sustainabil Inst, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Rucinski, DK (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, 440 Church St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM drucinski@limno.com
RI Schwab, David/B-7498-2012;
OI Scavia, Donald/0000-0002-2784-8269; Beletsky, Dmitry/0000-0003-4532-0588
FU NOAA Center for Sponsored Coastal [NA07OAR432000]
FX This research was supported in part by NOAA Center for Sponsored Coastal
Ocean Research grant NA07OAR432000. This paper is contribution no.
09-009 of the NOAA EcoFore-Lake Erie Project, and GLERL Contribution
Number 1526.
NR 43
TC 28
Z9 29
U1 4
U2 41
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 36
IS 3
BP 465
EP 476
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2010.06.002
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 647XN
UT WOS:000281654200010
ER
PT J
AU Shi, WS
Wang, MH
AF Shi, Wei
Wang, Menghua
TI Satellite observations of the seasonal sediment plume in central East
China Sea
SO JOURNAL OF MARINE SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Sediment plume; Ocean turbidity; Remote sensing; Ocean color; East China
Sea
ID CONTINENTAL-SHELF; RIVER SEDIMENT; TRANSPORT; ACCUMULATION; DEPOSITION
AB Ocean color and sea surface temperature (SST) data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer on Aqua from 2002 to 2008, wind speed data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction, satellite-measured sea surface height anomaly (SSHA) data, and World Ocean Atlas 1998 data are analyzed to study and understand the variability of a sediment plume in the central East China Sea, as well as its mechanism for producing this plume. The plume peaks in the winter, with an areal coverage of similar to 4 x 10(4) km(2) and the diffuse attenuation coefficient at the wavelength of 490 nm (K(d)(490)) reaching over 1.5 m(-1), and almost disappears in the summer. The increase (decrease) of SST is coincident with the K(d)(490) decrease (increase) during the late spring (fall) and early summer (winter). In the winter, the entire water column becomes uniform with SST similar to 12 degrees C in the East China Sea, while in the summer the water column is strongly stratified with SST over similar to 27 degrees C. This seasonal sediment plume is attributed to sediment resuspension due to the strong vertical mixing and convection driven by the cooling of the upper ocean and enhanced surface winds during the winter season. In addition, satellite SSHA observations also confirm that the cross-shelf circulation resulting in this plume proposed by Yuan et al. (2008) does not exist. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Shi, Wei; Wang, Menghua] NOAA, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[Shi, Wei] Colorado State Univ, CIRA, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Wang, MH (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, E-RA3,Room 102,5200 Auth Rd, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
EM Menghua.Wang@noaa.gov
RI Shi, Wei/F-5625-2010; Liu, Cheng-Chien/E-4859-2011; Wang,
Menghua/F-5631-2010
OI Wang, Menghua/0000-0001-7019-3125
FU NASA; NOAA
FX This research was supported by the NASA and NOAA funding and grants. The
MODIS LIB data, MODIS SST data, and SSHA data were obtained from the
NASA/GSFC MODAPS Services website, NASA/GSFC Ocean Color website, and
Colorado Center for Astrodynamics Research, respectively. The views,
opinions, and findings contained in this paper are those of the authors
and should not be construed as an official NOAA or U.S. Government
position, policy, or decision.
NR 21
TC 39
Z9 43
U1 1
U2 10
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0924-7963
J9 J MARINE SYST
JI J. Mar. Syst.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 4
BP 280
EP 285
DI 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2010.06.002
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
SC Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 647LT
UT WOS:000281620700009
ER
PT J
AU Kawashima, Y
Usami, T
Suenram, RD
Golubiatnikov, GY
Hirota, E
AF Kawashima, Yoshiyuki
Usami, Tsuyoshi
Suenram, Richard D.
Golubiatnikov, G. Yu.
Hirota, Eizi
TI Dynamical structure of peptide molecules: Fourier transform microwave
spectroscopy and ab initio calculations of N-methylformamide
SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
LA English
DT Article
DE Peptide linkage molecule; Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy;
Isotopomer; Molecular structure; Internal rotation
ID NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; ROTATIONAL SPECTRUM; MONOSUBSTITUTED AMIDES;
NORMAL VIBRATIONS; INFRARED SPECTRA; CONFIGURATION; STATES;
METHYLACETAMIDE; ALKYLFORMAMIDES; ACETAMIDE
AB Rotational spectra of both trans and cis forms of the N-methylformamide normal as well as deuterated (HCONDCH(3), referred to as N-D) species were observed by Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy in the frequency region from 5 to 118 GHz. Samples were prepared in the form of a beam by a pulsed Jet valve maintained at 50 degrees C and were introduced in a high-vacuum cavity cell, with either Ne or Ar as a carrier gas at a backing pressure of 100 kPa. The observed spectra were analyzed to yield molecular parameters including rotational constants and barrier, V(3), to CH(3) internal-rotation: 53.9 (6) and 301 (4) cm(-1) for the trans and cis forms of the normal species, respectively, and 41.9 (6) and 309 (4) cm(-1) for the trans and cis forms of the N-D species, respectively. Spectra of four trans isotopologues with (13)C, (15)N, or (18)O singly-substituted in the internal-rotation A state were observed and analyzed to derive the r(s) structure of the trans form. For comparison with the experimental data, ab initio calculations were carried out at MP2/6-31G** level to derive molecular structure, potential barrier to CH(3) internal rotation, and the energy difference between the cis and trans forms. An extensive coupling was found between the CH(3) internal rotation and N-H out-of-plane bending, suggesting that the potential function for the CH(3) internal-rotation deviates considerably from a simple cos(3 alpha) form. The effects of the V(6) term is briefly discussed. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kawashima, Yoshiyuki; Usami, Tsuyoshi] Kanagawa Inst Technol, Dept Appl Chem, Kanagawa 2430292, Japan.
[Suenram, Richard D.; Golubiatnikov, G. Yu.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Opt Technol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Suenram, Richard D.] Univ Virginia, Dept Chem, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
[Hirota, Eizi] Grad Univ Adv Studies, Kanagawa 2400193, Japan.
[Golubiatnikov, G. Yu.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Appl Phys, Nishnii Novgorod 603600, Russia.
RP Kawashima, Y (reprint author), Kanagawa Inst Technol, Dept Appl Chem, Kanagawa 2430292, Japan.
EM kawasima@chem.kanagawa-it.ac.jp
FU Joint JSPS-NSF
FX The present study was partially supported by a Joint JSPS-NSF Grant for
Cooperative Research Program. The authors are grateful to Professor
Satoshi Yamamoto and Dr. E. Kim of the University of Tokyo for
performing an experiment in 43 GHz region. Some of the early work was
performed at NIST in Gaithersburg, Maryland when Richard Suenram was at
NIST. He has since retired from NIST and is now associated with
Professor Brooks Pate's Group at the University of Virginia. We greatly
appreciate the support provided by NIST and all of the staff in the
Optical Technology Division.
NR 36
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 6
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0022-2852
J9 J MOL SPECTROSC
JI J. Mol. Spectrosc.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 263
IS 1
BP 11
EP 20
DI 10.1016/j.jms.2010.06.004
PG 10
WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy
SC Physics; Spectroscopy
GA 647KI
UT WOS:000281617000002
ER
PT J
AU Saloman, EB
AF Saloman, E. B.
TI Energy Levels and Observed Spectral Lines of Ionized Argon, Ar II
through Ar XVIII
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL REFERENCE DATA
LA English
DT Article
DE compilation; critically evaluated data; energy levels; Ar; argon; argon
ions; observed spectral lines; spectra
ID SOFT-X-RAY; HELIUM-LIKE ARGON; ULTRAVIOLET CORONAGRAPH SPECTROMETER;
DOUBLE ELECTRON-CAPTURE; FINE-STRUCTURE LINES; SOLAR ACTIVE-REGION;
HIGHLY-CHARGED IONS; MAGNETIC DIPOLE TRANSITIONS; CAPILLARY DISCHARGE
DRIVEN; ANGSTROM WAVELENGTH RANGE
AB The energy levels and observed spectral lines of ionized argon atoms, in all stages of ionization, have been compiled. Sufficient experimental data were found to generate level and line tables for Ar II through Ar XV. For Ar XVI a mix of experimental and theoretical data were used. Because of the superiority of the theoretical data for Ar XVII and Ar XVIII, theoretical values are compiled for the energy levels and the lines are calculated from them. Experimental g-factors are included for Ar II. A value, either experimental, semiempirical, or theoretical, is included for the ionization energy of each ion. (C) 2010 by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the United States. All rights reserved. [doi: 10.1063/1.3337661]
C1 NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Saloman, EB (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM edward.saloman@nist.gov
FU Office of Fusion Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy
[ER54293]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNH09AL77I]
FX I wish to thank J. Reader for a careful reading of this manuscript and
for many helpful discussions and advice on the selection of data to
include in this compilation. I also want to thank A. E. Kramida for
discussions on corrections to published calculations of energy levels of
hydrogen-like argon. This work was supported in part by the Office of
Fusion Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy Contract No.
ER54293 and by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Contract No. NNH09AL77I.
NR 251
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 3
U2 21
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0047-2689
J9 J PHYS CHEM REF DATA
JI J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 39
IS 3
AR 033101
DI 10.1063/1.3337661
PG 162
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Physics,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 657VI
UT WOS:000282445700001
ER
PT J
AU Sansonetti, JE
Nave, G
AF Sansonetti, J. E.
Nave, G.
TI Wavelengths, Transition Probabilities, and Energy Levels for the
Spectrum of Neutral Strontium (Sr I)
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL REFERENCE DATA
LA English
DT Article
DE atomic clocks; atomic structure; collections of physical data;
ionisation potential; radiative lifetimes; spectral line intensity;
strontium
ID OPTICAL LATTICE CLOCK; LASER OPTOGALVANIC SPECTROSCOPY; D-1,3(2) RYDBERG
SERIES; ALKALINE-EARTHS; EVEN-PARITY; OSCILLATOR-STRENGTHS;
THEORETICAL-ANALYSIS; AUTOIONIZING SPECTRUM; ABSORPTION-SPECTRUM;
ACCURACY EVALUATION
AB Following a critical review of spectroscopic data for neutral strontium (Z=38), the energy levels, with designations and uncertainties, have been tabulated. Wavelengths with classifications, intensities, and transition probabilities have also been reviewed. In addition, the 5s S-2(1/2), 4d D-2(3/2), and 4d D-2(5/2) ionization energies have been listed. A summary of the current state of measurements of the Sr I 5s(2) S-1(0)-5s5p P-3(0)o, F=9/2 atomic clock transition, and other isotopic observations has also been included. (C) 2010 by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the United States. All rights reserved. [doi: 10.1063/1.3449176]
C1 [Sansonetti, J. E.; Nave, G.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Sansonetti, JE (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jean.sansonetti@nist.gov
NR 70
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0047-2689
EI 1529-7845
J9 J PHYS CHEM REF DATA
JI J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 39
IS 3
AR 033103
DI 10.1063/1.3449176
PG 20
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Physics,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 657VI
UT WOS:000282445700003
ER
PT J
AU Yang, SJ
Lach-hab, M
Vaisman, II
Blaisten-Barojas, E
Li, XA
Karen, VL
AF Yang, Shujiang
Lach-hab, Mohammed
Vaisman, Iosif I.
Blaisten-Barojas, Estela
Li, Xiang
Karen, Vicky L.
TI Framework-Type Determination for Zeolite Structures in the Inorganic
Crystal Structure Database
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL REFERENCE DATA
LA English
DT Article
DE zeolite; crystallography; framework type code; ICSD; Inorganic Crystal
Structure Database
ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; NEUTRON POWDER-DIFFRACTION; MORDENITE-TYPE FRAMEWORK;
Y-TYPE ZEOLITES; ETHYLENE SORPTION COMPLEX; PARTIALLY
COBALT(II)-EXCHANGED ZEOLITE; HIGH-SILICA ZEOLITE; SI-29 MAS-NMR;
FAUJASITE-TYPE FRAMEWORK; SOLID-STATE NMR
AB In this work a structural characterization of zeolite crystals is performed by identifying the framework type to which each zeolite belongs. The framework type is assigned for 1433 zeolite database entries in the FIZ/NIST Inorganic Crystal Structure Database (ICSD) populating 95 framework types. These entries correspond to both natural and synthetic zeolites. Each ICSD entry is based on published work containing crystallographic information of the zeolite crystalline structure and some physical and chemical data. Today, the Structure Commission of the International Zeolite Association recognizes crystalline materials as belonging to the "zeolite" family only if they possess one of the approved framework types by the organization. Such information is of fundamental importance for identifying zeolites, for reference, for zeolite standards, for supporting the discovery of new zeolites, and for crystalline substance selection based on application. Unfortunately, framework-type information is not contained in the ICSD records. The long term goal of this work is filling such gap. Although the ICSD contains an extensive collection of zeolites, inclusion of zeolites belonging to the 191 accepted framework types could substantially expand such collection. The structural determination was achieved via several structural analysis methods based on numerical-computer implementations. (C) 2010 by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the United States. All rights reserved.. [doi: 10.1063/1.3432459]
C1 [Yang, Shujiang; Lach-hab, Mohammed; Vaisman, Iosif I.; Blaisten-Barojas, Estela; Li, Xiang] George Mason Univ, Computat Mat Sci Ctr, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Blaisten-Barojas, Estela] George Mason Univ, Dept Computat & Data Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Vaisman, Iosif I.] George Mason Univ, Dept Bioinformat & Computat Biol, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Li, Xiang; Karen, Vicky L.] NIST, Div Ceram, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Blaisten-Barojas, E (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Computat Mat Sci Ctr, MSN 6A2, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
EM blaisten@gmu.edu
RI Blaisten-Barojas, Estela/B-9520-2009; Yang, Shujiang/E-3787-2012;
Vaisman, Iosif/K-5268-2012
OI Vaisman, Iosif/0000-0001-6858-1516
FU National Science Foundation [CHE-0626111]; National Institute of
Standards and Technology (NIST) [70NANB5H1110]; TERAGRID [PHY050026T]
FX This work was supported under the National Science Foundation Grant No.
CHE-0626111 and the National Institute of Standards and Technology
(NIST) Cooperative Agreement No. 70NANB5H1110. The TERAGRID Grant No.
PHY050026T is acknowledged for computer time allocation. The authors at
George Mason University gratefully acknowledge the Standard Reference
Data Program of NIST for making available flat text files of the zeolite
data set from the ICSD.
NR 786
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 7
U2 39
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0047-2689
J9 J PHYS CHEM REF DATA
JI J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 39
IS 3
AR 033102
DI 10.1063/1.3432459
PG 45
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Physics,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 657VI
UT WOS:000282445700002
ER
PT J
AU Nikurashin, M
Ferrari, R
AF Nikurashin, Maxim
Ferrari, Raffaele
TI Radiation and Dissipation of Internal Waves Generated by Geostrophic
Motions Impinging on Small-Scale Topography: Application to the Southern
Ocean
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID ANTARCTIC CIRCUMPOLAR CURRENT; OVERTURNING CIRCULATION; TURBULENT
DISSIPATION; ABYSSAL OCEAN; TRANSPORT; CAPTURE; ENERGY; MODEL; TIDES;
SHEAR
AB Recent estimates from observations and inverse models indicate that turbulent mixing associated with internal wave breaking is enhanced above rough topography in the Southern Ocean. In most regions of the ocean, abyssal mixing has been primarily associated with radiation and breaking of internal tides. In this study, it is shown that abyssal mixing in the Southern Ocean can be sustained by internal waves generated by geostrophic motions that dominate abyssal flows in this region. Theory and fully nonlinear numerical simulations are used to estimate the internal wave radiation and dissipation from lowered acoustic Doppler current profiler (LADCP), CTD, and topography data from two regions in the Southern Ocean: Drake Passage and the southeast Pacific. The results show that radiation and dissipation of internal waves generated by geostrophic motions reproduce the magnitude and distribution of dissipation previously inferred from finescale measurements in the region, suggesting that it is one of the primary drivers of abyssal mixing in the Southern Ocean.
C1 [Nikurashin, Maxim; Ferrari, Raffaele] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
RP Nikurashin, M (reprint author), Princeton Univ GFDL, 201 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM man@alum.mit.edu
RI Ferrari, Raffaele/C-9337-2013; Nikurashin, Maxim/J-3506-2013
OI Ferrari, Raffaele/0000-0002-3736-1956;
FU National Science Foundation [OCE-6919248]
FX We thank Eric Kunze, Kurt Polzin, and two anonymous reviewers for their
useful comments. We thank Dr. Nycander for providing his tidal energy
flux data. This research was supported by the National Science
Foundation under Award OCE-6919248.
NR 38
TC 58
Z9 59
U1 2
U2 19
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-3670
J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR
JI J. Phys. Oceanogr.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 40
IS 9
BP 2025
EP 2042
DI 10.1175/2010JPO4315.1
PG 18
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 654VK
UT WOS:000282198900006
ER
PT J
AU Perez, RC
Cronin, MF
Kessler, WS
AF Perez, Renellys C.
Cronin, Meghan F.
Kessler, William S.
TI Tropical Cells and a Secondary Circulation near the Northern Front of
the Equatorial Pacific Cold Tongue
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; LAYER HEAT-BALANCE; OCEAN MIXED-LAYER;
INSTABILITY WAVES; SEASONAL CYCLE; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY;
3-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE; SUBTROPICAL CELL; LONG WAVES; ATLANTIC
AB Shipboard measurements and a model are used to describe the mean structure of meridional-vertical tropical cells (TCs) in the central equatorial Pacific and a secondary circulation associated with the northern front of the cold tongue. The shape of the front is convoluted by the passage of tropical instability waves (TIWs). When velocities are averaged in a coordinate system centered on the instantaneous position of the northern front, the measurements show a near-surface minimum in northward flow north of the surface front (convergent flow near the front). This convergence and inferred downwelling extend below the surface mixed layer, tilt poleward with depth, and are meridionally bounded by regions of divergence and upwelling. Similarly, the model shows that, on average, surface cold tongue water moves northward toward the frontal region and dives below tilted front, whereas subsurface water north of the front moves southward toward the front, upwells, and then moves northward in the surface mixed layer. The model is used to demonstrate that this mean quasi-adiabatic secondary circulation is not a frozen field that migrates with the front but is instead highly dependent on the phase of the TIWs: southward-upwelling flow on the warm side of the front tends to occur when the front is displaced southward, whereas northward-downwelling flow on the cold side of the front occurs when the front is displaced northward. Consequently, when averaged in geographic coordinates, the observed and simulated TCs appear to be equatorially asymmetric and show little trace of a secondary circulation near the mean front.
C1 [Perez, Renellys C.] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Perez, Renellys C.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Cronin, Meghan F.; Kessler, William S.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Perez, RC (reprint author), Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM renellys.c.perez@noaa.gov
RI Perez, Renellys/D-1976-2012
OI Perez, Renellys/0000-0002-4401-3853
FU NOAA/CPO; NRC
FX The authors thank Greg Johnson and Chris Meinen for helpful discussion
regarding the data analysis. We also thank Jules Hummon, Eric Firing,
and Patrick Caldwell for providing data from the JASADCP archive.
Comments from anonymous reviewers, Jaclyn Brown, Kelvin Richards, Eric
Firing, Bob Molinari, and Sang-Ki Lee led to significant improvements in
the paper. The authors were funded by NOAA/CPO, and this research was
performed while RCP held an NRC Research Associateship Award at
NOAA/PMEL.
NR 54
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 12
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-3670
EI 1520-0485
J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR
JI J. Phys. Oceanogr.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 40
IS 9
BP 2091
EP 2106
DI 10.1175/2010JPO4366.1
PG 16
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 654VK
UT WOS:000282198900010
ER
PT J
AU Long, DA
Havey, DK
Okumura, M
Miller, CE
Hodges, JT
AF Long, D. A.
Havey, D. K.
Okumura, M.
Miller, C. E.
Hodges, J. T.
TI O-2 A-band line parameters to support atmospheric remote sensing
SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER
LA English
DT Article
DE Oxygen; A-band; Galatry profile; Cavity ring-down spectroscopy; Remote
sensing
ID RING-DOWN SPECTROSCOPY; FOURIER-TRANSFORM SPECTROSCOPY; HERMAN-WALLIS
FACTORS; CW-CAVITY RING; HIGH-RESOLUTION; ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY;
INTENSITY MEASUREMENTS; SCATTERING ATMOSPHERE; PRESSURE-SHIFT;
HIGH-PRECISION
AB Numerous satellite and ground-based remote sensing measurements rely on the ability to calculate O-2 A-band [b(1)Sigma(+)(g) <- X-3 Sigma(-)(g)(0,0)] spectra from line parameters, with combined relative uncertainties below 0.5% required for the most demanding applications. In this work, we combine new O-16(2) A-band R-branch measurements with our previous P-branch observations, both of which are based upon frequency-stabilized cavity ring-down spectroscopy. The combined set of data spans angular momentum quantum number, J' up to 46. For these measurements, we quantify a J-dependent quadratic deviation from a standard model of the rotational distribution of the line intensities. We provide calculated transition wave numbers, and intensities for J' up to 60. The calculated line intensities are derived from a weighted fit of the generalized model to an ensemble of data and agree with our measured values to within 0.1% on average, with a relative standard deviation of approximate to 0.3%. We identify an error in the calculated frequency dependence of the O-2 A-band line intensities in existing spectroscopic databases. Other reported lineshape parameters include a revised set of ground-state energies, self- and air-pressure-broadening coefficients and self- and air-Dicke-narrowing coefficients. We also report a band-integrated intensity at 296 K of 2.231(7) x 10(-22) cm molec(-1) and Einstein-A coefficient of 0.0869(3) s(-1). Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Havey, D. K.; Hodges, J. T.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Proc Measurements Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Long, D. A.; Okumura, M.] CALTECH, Div Chem & Chem Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Miller, C. E.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Hodges, JT (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Proc Measurements Div, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM joseph.hodges@nist.gov
RI Havey, Daniel/C-1997-2009; Okumura, Mitchio/I-3326-2013
OI Okumura, Mitchio/0000-0001-6874-1137
FU National Defense Science and Engineering; National Institute of
Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg; National Institute of
Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD; Orbiting Carbon
Observatory (OCO); NASA Earth System Science Pathfinder (ESSP) mission;
NASA [NNG06GD88G, NNX09AE21G]; NIST Office of Microelectronics
FX We thank Piotr Mastowski of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun,
Poland for useful discussions regarding lineshape analysis. David A.
Long was supported by the National Defense Science and Engineering
Graduate Fellowship. We acknowledge the National Research Council for
awarding Daniel Havey a postdoctoral fellowship at the National
Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD. Part of
the research described in this paper was performed at the Jet Propulsion
Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Additional support
was provided by the Orbiting Carbon Observatory (OCO) project, a NASA
Earth System Science Pathfinder (ESSP) mission; the NASA Upper
Atmospheric Research Program grant NNG06GD88G and NNX09AE21G; and the
NIST Office of Microelectronics Programs.
NR 69
TC 44
Z9 44
U1 1
U2 25
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0022-4073
J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA
JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 111
IS 14
BP 2021
EP 2036
DI 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2010.05.011
PG 16
WC Optics; Spectroscopy
SC Optics; Spectroscopy
GA 638IN
UT WOS:000280887400001
ER
PT J
AU Anderson, DM
Baulcomb, CK
Duvivier, AK
Gupta, AK
AF Anderson, David M.
Baulcomb, Corinne K.
Duvivier, Alice K.
Gupta, Anil K.
TI Indian summer monsoon during the last two millennia
SO JOURNAL OF QUATERNARY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE monsoon; Holocene; Tropics; India; Arabian Sea
ID ASIAN SOUTHWEST MONSOON; NORTH-ATLANTIC CLIMATE; LATE QUATERNARY;
RAINFALL SERIES; ABRUPT CHANGES; HOLOCENE; OMAN; VARIABILITY; RECORD;
OCEAN
AB The monsoon is a large-scale feature of the tropical atmospheric circulation, affecting people and economies in the world's most densely populated regions. Future trends due to natural variability and human-induced climate changes are uncertain. Palaeoclimate records can improve our understanding of monsoon dynamics and thereby reduce this uncertainty. Palaeoclimate records have revealed a dramatic decrease in the Asian summer monsoon since the early Holocene maximum 9 ka BP. Here we focus on the last 2 ka, where some records indicate an increasing trend in the summer monsoon. Analysing Globigerina bulloides upwelling records from the Arabian Sea, we find the weakest monsoon occurred 1500 a BP, with an increasing trend towards the present. Copyright (C) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Anderson, David M.; Baulcomb, Corinne K.; Duvivier, Alice K.] NOAAs Natl Climat Data Ctr, Paleoclimatol Branch, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Gupta, Anil K.] Indian Inst Technol, Dept Geol & Geophys, Kharagpur 721302, W Bengal, India.
RP Anderson, DM (reprint author), NOAAs Natl Climat Data Ctr, Paleoclimatol Branch, 325 Broadway,E CC23, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM david.m.anderson@noaa.gov
RI anderson, david/E-6416-2011
NR 33
TC 17
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 17
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 0267-8179
J9 J QUATERNARY SCI
JI J. Quat. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 6
BP 911
EP 917
DI 10.1002/jqs.1369
PG 7
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Paleontology
SC Geology; Paleontology
GA 650OL
UT WOS:000281858800009
ER
PT J
AU Muralikrishnan, B
Blackburn, C
Sawyer, D
Phillips, S
Bridges, R
AF Muralikrishnan, B.
Blackburn, C.
Sawyer, D.
Phillips, S.
Bridges, R.
TI Measuring Scale Errors in a Laser Tracker's Horizontal Angle Encoder
Through Simple Length Measurement and Two-Face System Tests
SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND
TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE ASME B89.4.19; encoder scale error; geometric misalignment; laser
tracker; second order harmonic
AB We describe a method to estimate the scale errors in the horizontal angle encoder of a laser tracker in this paper. The method does not require expensive instrumentation such as a rotary stage or even a calibrated artifact. An uncalibrated but stable length is realized between two targets mounted on stands that are at tracker height. The tracker measures the distance between these two targets from different azimuthal positions (say, in intervals of 20 degrees over 360 degrees). Each target is measured in both front face and back face. Low order harmonic scale errors can be estimated from this data and may then be used to correct the encoder's error map to improve the tracker's angle measurement accuracy. We have demonstrated this for the second order harmonic in this paper. It is important to compensate for even order harmonics as their influence cannot be removed by averaging front face and back face measurements whereas odd orders can be removed by averaging. We tested six trackers from three different manufacturers. Two of those trackers are newer models introduced at the time of writing of this paper. For older trackers from two manufacturers, the length errors in a 7.75 m horizontal length placed 7 m away from a tracker were of the order of +/- 65 mu m before correcting the error map. They reduced to less than +/- 25 mu m after correcting the error map for second order scale errors. Newer trackers from the same manufacturers did not show this error. An older tracker from a third manufacturer also did not show this error.
C1 [Muralikrishnan, B.; Blackburn, C.; Sawyer, D.; Phillips, S.] NIST, Div Precis Engn, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Bridges, R.] FARO Technol, Kennett Sq, PA 19348 USA.
RP Muralikrishnan, B (reprint author), NIST, Div Precis Engn, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM bala.muralikrishnan@nist.gov; christopher.blackburn@nist.gov;
daniel.sawyer@nist.gov; steven.phillips@nist.gov;
robert.bridges@faro.com
NR 4
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Z9 9
U1 0
U2 7
PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
PI WASHINGTON
PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA
SN 1044-677X
J9 J RES NATL INST STAN
JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2010
VL 115
IS 5
BP 291
EP 301
DI 0.6028/jres.115.022
PG 11
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 660NW
UT WOS:000282651300001
PM 27134789
ER
PT J
AU Marshall, J
Allen, RA
McGray, CD
Geist, J
AF Marshall, Janet
Allen, Richard A.
McGray, Craig D.
Geist, Jon
TI MEMS Young's Modulus and Step Height Measurements With Round Robin
Results
SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND
TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE interferometry; microelectro-mechanical systems; round robin; standard
test methods; step height; test structure; vibrometry; Young's modulus
AB This paper presents the results of a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) Young's modulus and step height round robin experiment, completed in April 2009, which compares Young's modulus and step height measurement results at a number of laboratories. The purpose of the round robin was to provide data for the precision and bias statements of two \ related Semiconductor Equipment and Materials International (SEMI) standard test methods for MEMS. The technical basis for the test methods on Young's modulus and step height measurements are also provided in this paper.
Using the same test method, the goal of the round robin was to assess the repeatability of measurements at one laboratory, by the same operator, with the same equipment, in the shortest practical period of time as well as the reproducibility of measurements with independent data sets from unique combinations of measurement setups and researchers. Both the repeatability and reproducibility measurements were done on random test structures made of the same homogeneous material.
The average repeatability Young's modulus value (as obtained from resonating oxide cantilevers) was 64.2 GPa with 95 % limits of +/- 10.3 % and an average combined standard uncertainty value of 3.1 GPa. The average reproducibility Young's modulus value was 62.8 GPa with 95 % limits of +/- 11.0 % and an average combined standard uncertainty value of 3.0 GPa.
The average repeatability step height value (for a metal2-over-poly1 step from active area to field oxide) was 0.477 mu m with 95 % limits of 7.9 % and an average combined standard uncertainty value of 0.014 mu m. The average reproducibility step height value was 0.481 mu m with 95 % limits of +/- 6.2 % and an average combined standard uncertainty value of 0.014 mu m.
In summary, this paper demonstrates that a reliable methodology can be used to measure Young's modulus and step height. Furthermore, a micro and nano technology (MNT) 5-in-1 standard reference material (SRM) can be used by industry to compare their in-house measurements using this methodology with NIST measurements thereby validating their use of the documentary standards.
C1 [Marshall, Janet; Allen, Richard A.; McGray, Craig D.; Geist, Jon] NIST, Div Semicond Elect, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Marshall, J (reprint author), NIST, Div Semicond Elect, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM janet.marshall@nist.gov; richard.allen@nist.gov; craig.mcgray@nist.gov;
jon.geist@nist.gov
FU Office of Microelectronics Programs
FX And lastly, an acknowledgment to Dr. Michael Gaitan (Enabling Devices
and ICs Group Leader) and the Office of Microelectronics Programs for
supporting this work.
NR 21
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Z9 0
U1 0
U2 6
PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
PI WASHINGTON
PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA
SN 1044-677X
J9 J RES NATL INST STAN
JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2010
VL 115
IS 5
BP 303
EP 342
DI 0.6028/jres.115.023
PG 40
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 660NW
UT WOS:000282651300002
PM 27134790
ER
PT J
AU Quinn, JB
Quinn, GD
Sundar, V
AF Quinn, Janet B.
Quinn, George D.
Sundar, Veeraraghaven
TI Fracture Toughness of Veneering Ceramics for Fused to Metal (PFM) and
Zirconia Dental Restorative Materials
SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND
TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE dental restorations; fracture toughness; hardness; PFM; surface crack in
flexure; veneering ceramic; zirconia
ID FIXED PARTIAL DENTURES; SURFACE CRACK; PORCELAIN
AB Veneering ceramics designed to be used with modern zirconia framework restorations have been reported to fracture occasionally in vivo. The fracture toughness of such veneering ceramics was measured and compared to that of conventional feldspathic porcelain veneering ceramics for metal framework restorations. The fracture toughness of the leucite free veneer was measured to be 0.73 MPa m + 0.02 MPa m, which is less than that for the porcelain fused to metal (PFM) veneering ceramic: 1.10 MPa +/- 0.2 MPa. (Uncertainties are one standard deviation unless otherwise noted.) The surface crack in flexure (SCF) method was suitable for both materials, but precrack identification was difficult for the leucite containing feldspathic porcelain PFM veneer.
C1 [Quinn, Janet B.; Quinn, George D.] NIST, Paffenberger Res Ctr, Amer Dent Assoc Fdn, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Sundar, Veeraraghaven] Dentsply Prosthet, York, PA USA.
RP Quinn, JB (reprint author), NIST, Paffenberger Res Ctr, Amer Dent Assoc Fdn, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM george.quinn@nist.gov; VeeraraghavenSundar@dentsply.com
FU National Institute for Standards and Technology; American Dental
Association Foundation; National Institute of Health [NIH R01-DE17983]
FX This work was supported by National Institute for Standards and
Technology, American Dental Association Foundation and National
Institute of Health with grant NIH R01-DE17983.
NR 30
TC 12
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U1 1
U2 12
PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
PI WASHINGTON
PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA
SN 1044-677X
J9 J RES NATL INST STAN
JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2010
VL 115
IS 5
BP 343
EP 352
DI 0.6028/jres.115.024
PG 10
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 660NW
UT WOS:000282651300003
PM 21833158
ER
PT J
AU Ricker, RE
Myneni, GR
AF Ricker, R. E.
Myneni, G. R.
TI Evaluation of the Propensity of Niobium to Absorb Hydrogen During
Fabrication of Superconducting Radio Frequency Cavities for Particle
Accelerators
SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND
TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE corrosion; diffusion; electropolishing; fabrication; hydrogen
absorption; niobium; particle accelerator cavities; superconducting
radio frequency
ID SALT FILMS; IRON; IMPEDANCE; CORROSION; ELECTROLYTES; MECHANISM;
EVOLUTION; ALUMINUM; KINETICS; METALS
AB During the fabrication of niobium superconducting radio frequency (SRF) particle accelerator cavities procedures are used that chemically or mechanically remove the passivating surface film of niobium pentoxide (Nb2O5). Removal of this film will expose the underlying niobium metal and allow it to react with the processing environment. If these reactions produce hydrogen at sufficient concentrations and rates, then hydrogen will be absorbed and diffuse into the metal. High hydrogen activities could result in supersaturation and the nucleation of hydride phases. If the metal repassivates at the conclusion of the processing step and the passive film blocks hydrogen egress, then the absorbed hydrogen or hydrides could be retained and alter the performance of the metal during subsequent processing steps or in-service. This report examines the feasibility of this hypothesis by first identifying the postulated events, conditions, and reactions and then determining if each is consistent with accepted scientific principles, literature, and data. Established precedent for similar events in other systems was found in the scientific literature and thermodynamic analysis found that the postulated reactions were not only energetically favorable, but produced large driving forces. The hydrogen activity or fugacity required for the reactions to be at equilibrium was determined to indicate the propensity for hydrogen evolution, absorption, and hydride nucleation. The influence of processing conditions and kinetics on the proximity of hydrogen surface coverage to these theoretical values is discussed. This examination found that the hypothesis of hydrogen absorption during SRF processing is consistent with published scientific literature and thermodynamic principles.
C1 [Ricker, R. E.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Myneni, G. R.] Thomas Jefferson Natl Accelerator Facil, Newport News, VA 23606 USA.
RP Ricker, RE (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM richard.ricker@nist.gov; rao@jlab.org
RI Ricker, Richard/H-4880-2011
OI Ricker, Richard/0000-0002-2871-4908
NR 67
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 5
PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
PI WASHINGTON
PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA
SN 1044-677X
J9 J RES NATL INST STAN
JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2010
VL 115
IS 5
BP 353
EP 371
DI 0.6028/jres.115.025
PG 19
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 660NW
UT WOS:000282651300004
PM 27134791
ER
PT J
AU Ricker, RE
AF Ricker, Richard E.
TI Analysis of Pipeline Steel Corrosion Data From NBS (NIST) Studies
Conducted Between 1922-1940 and Relevance to Pipeline Management
SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND
TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE corrosion; pipeline; pipeline corrosion allowance; pitting; statistics;
steel
AB Between 1911 and 1984, the National Bureau of Standards (NBS) conducted a large number of corrosion studies that included the measurement of corrosion damage to samples exposed to real-world environments. One of these studies was an investigation conducted between 1922 and 1940 into the corrosion of bare steel and wrought iron pipes buried underground at 47 different sites representing different soil types across the Unites States. At the start of this study, very little was known about the corrosion of ferrous alloys underground. The objectives of this study were to determine (i) if coatings would be required to prevent corrosion, and (ii) if soil properties could be used to predict corrosion and determine when coatings would be required. While this study determined very quickly that coatings would be required for some soils, it found that the results were so divergent that even generalities based on this data must be drawn with care. The investigators concluded that so many diverse factors influence corrosion rates underground that planning of proper tests and interpretation of the results were matters of considerable difficulty and that quantitative interpretations or extrapolations could be done "only in approximate fashion" and attempted only in the "restricted area" of the tests until more complete information is available.
Following the passage of the Pipeline Safety Improvement Act in 2002 and at the urging of the pipeline industry, the Office of Pipeline Safety of the U. S. Department of Transportation approached the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NBS became NIST in 1988) and requested that the data from this study be reexamined to determine if the information handling and analysis capabilities of modern computers and software could enable the extraction of more meaningful information from these data. This report is a summary of the resulting investigations.
The data from the original NBS studies were analyzed using a variety of commercially available software packages for statistical analysis. The emphasis was on identifying trends in the data that could be later exploited in the development of an empirical model for predicting the range of expected corrosion behavior for any given set of soil chemistry and conditions. A large number of issues were identified with this corrosion dataset, but given the limited knowledge of corrosion and statistical analysis at the time the study was conducted, these shortcomings are not surprising and many of these were recognized by the investigators before the study was concluded. However, it is important to keep in mind that complete soil data is provided for less than half of the sites in this study. In agreement with the initial study, it was concluded that any differences in the corrosion behavior of the alloys could not be resolved due to the scatter in the results from the environmental factors and no significant difference could be determined between alloys. Linear regression and curve fitting of the corrosion damage measurements against the measured soil composition and properties found some weak trends. These trends improved with multiple regression, and empirical equations representing the performance of the samples in the tests were developed with uncertainty estimates. The uncertainties in these empirical models for the corrosion data were large, and extrapolation beyond the parameter space or exposure times of these experiments will create additional uncertainties.
It is concluded that equations for the estimation of corrosion damage distributions and rates can be developed from these data, but these models will always have relatively large uncertainties that will limit their utility. These uncertainties result from the scatter in the measurements due to annual, seasonal, and sample position dependent variations at the burial sites. The data indicate that more complete datasets with soil property measurements reflecting the properties of the soil and ground water directly in contact with the sample from statistically designed experiments would greatly reduce this scatter and enable more representative predictions.
C1 NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Ricker, RE (reprint author), NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM richard.ricker@nist.gov
RI Ricker, Richard/H-4880-2011
OI Ricker, Richard/0000-0002-2871-4908
NR 22
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 9
PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
PI WASHINGTON
PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA
SN 1044-677X
J9 J RES NATL INST STAN
JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2010
VL 115
IS 5
BP 373
EP 392
DI 0.6028/jres.115.026
PG 20
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 660NW
UT WOS:000282651300005
PM 27134792
ER
PT J
AU Stroud, JR
Stein, ML
Lesht, BM
Schwab, DJ
Beletsky, D
AF Stroud, Jonathan R.
Stein, Michael L.
Lesht, Barry M.
Schwab, David J.
Beletsky, Dmitry
TI An Ensemble Kalman Filter and Smoother for Satellite Data Assimilation
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Circulant embedding; Covariance tapering; Gaussian random field;
Nonlinear state-space model; Spatial statistics; Spatio-temporal model;
Variogram
ID SEQUENTIAL DATA ASSIMILATION; SPACE-TIME MODELS; OZONE DATA; STATE
AB This paper proposes a methodology for combining satellite images with advection-diffusion models for interpolation and prediction of environmental processes. We propose a dynamic state-space model and an ensemble Kalman filter and smoothing algorithm for on-line and retrospective state estimation. Our approach addresses the high dimensionality, measurement bias, and nonlinearities inherent in satellite data. We apply the method to a sequence of SeaWiFS satellite images in Lake Michigan from March 1998, when a large sediment plume was observed in the images following a major storm event. Using our approach, we combine the images with a sediment transport model to produce maps of sediment concentrations and uncertainties over space and time. We show that our approach improves out-of-sample RMSE by 20%-30% relative to standard approaches. This article has supplementary material online.
C1 [Stroud, Jonathan R.] George Washington Univ, Dept Stat, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
[Stein, Michael L.] Univ Chicago, Dept Stat, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Lesht, Barry M.] Univ Illinois, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
[Schwab, David J.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[Beletsky, Dmitry] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosyst Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Stroud, JR (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Dept Stat, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
EM stroud@gwu.edu
RI Schwab, David/B-7498-2012;
OI Lesht, Barry/0000-0003-0801-4290; Beletsky, Dmitry/0000-0003-4532-0588
FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [R-82940201]
FX Jonathan R. Stroud is Associate Professor, Department of Statistics,
George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052 (E-mail:
stroud@gwu.edu). Michael L. Stein is Ralph and Mary Otis Isham
Professor. Department of Statistics. University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
60637. Barry M. Lesht is Adjunct Professor, Department of Earth and
Environmental Sciences. University of Illinois at Chicago. Chicago, IL
60607. David J. Schwab is Physical Oceanographer. Great Lakes
Environmental Research Laboratory. National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration, Ann Arbor, MI 48108. Dmitry Beletsky is Associate
Research Scientist. Cooperative Institute for Limnology and Ecosystems
Research, School of Natural Resources and Environment. University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109. Funding was provided by the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through STAR Cooperative Agreement
R-82940201 to the University of Chicago. However, this research has not
been subjected to the EPA's required peer and policy review and
therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, and no
official endorsement should be inferred. The authors are grateful to
NASA for providing the SeaWiFS data and the SeaDAS processing software,
and to NOAA for providing the in situ data through the EEGLE Project and
the Coastal Ocean Program. The authors thank the editor, associate
editor, and two referees for their suggestions which greatly improved
the manuscript, and Chris Wikle, Bruno Sanso, and Lurdes Inoue for
helpful comments.
NR 38
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 732 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1943 USA
SN 0162-1459
J9 J AM STAT ASSOC
JI J. Am. Stat. Assoc.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 105
IS 491
BP 978
EP 990
DI 10.1198/jasa.2010.ap07636
PG 13
WC Statistics & Probability
SC Mathematics
GA 673WQ
UT WOS:000283695300011
ER
PT J
AU Luo, DH
Zhu, ZH
Ren, RC
Zhong, LH
Wang, CZ
AF Luo, Dehai
Zhu, Zhihui
Ren, Rongcai
Zhong, Linhao
Wang, Chunzai
TI Spatial Pattern and Zonal Shift of the North Atlantic Oscillation. Part
I: A Dynamical Interpretation
SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID FREQUENCY DIPOLE MODES; SEA-ICE EXPORT; GEOPOTENTIAL HEIGHT; EASTWARD
SHIFT; 2 PARADIGMS; NAO; HEMISPHERE; PROPAGATION; VARIABILITY;
ATMOSPHERE
AB This paper presents a possible dynamical explanation for why the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) pattern exhibits an eastward shift from the period 1958-77 (P1) to the period 1978-97 (P2) or 1998-2007 (P3). First, the empirical orthogonal function analysis of winter mean geopotential heights during P1, P2, and P3 reveals that the NAO dipole anomaly exhibits a northwest southeast (NW SE) tilting during PI but a northeast southwest (NE-SW) tilting during P2 and P3. The NAO pattern, especially its northern center, undergoes a more pronounced eastward shift from P1 to P2. The composite calculation of NAO events during P1 and P2 also indicates that the negative (positive) NAO phase dipole anomaly can indeed exhibit such a NW-SE (NE-SW) tilting. Second, a linear Rossby wave formula derived in a slowly varying basic flow with a meridional shear is used to qualitatively show that the zonal phase speed of the NAO dipole anomaly is larger (smaller) in higher latitudes and smaller (larger) in lower latitudes during the life cycle of the positive (negative) NAO phases because the core of the Atlantic jet is shifted to the north (south). Such a phase speed distribution tends to cause the different movement speeds of the NAO dipole anomaly at different latitudes, thus resulting in the different spatial tilting of the NAO dipole anomaly depending on the phase of the NAO. The zonal displacement of the northern center of the NAO pattern appears to be more pronounced because the change of the mean flow between two phases of the NAO is more distinct in higher latitudes than in lower latitudes. In addition, a weakly nonlinear analytical solution, based on the assumption of the scale separation between the NAO anomaly and transient synoptic-scale waves, is used to demonstrate that an eastward shift of the Atlantic storm-track eddy activity that is associated with the eastward extension of the Atlantic jet stream is a possible cause of the whole eastward shift of the center of action of the NAO pattern during P2/P3.
C1 [Luo, Dehai; Zhu, Zhihui] Ocean Univ China, Coll Phys & Environm Oceanog, Phys Oceanog Lab, Qingdao 266003, Peoples R China.
[Ren, Rongcai] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, LASG, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Zhong, Linhao] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, LACS, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Chunzai] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Luo, DH (reprint author), Ocean Univ China, Coll Phys & Environm Oceanog, Phys Oceanog Lab, Qingdao 266003, Peoples R China.
EM ldh@ouc.edu.cn
RI REN, R.-C./I-8656-2012; Wang, Chunzai /C-9712-2009
OI Wang, Chunzai /0000-0002-7611-0308
FU National Science Foundation [40921004]; FANEDD; Chinese Ministry of
Education [B07036]
FX The authors acknowledge the support from the National Science Foundation
Innovation Group Program (40921004), Taishan Scholar funding, FANEDD,
and the Chinese Ministry of Education's 111 Project (B07036). The
authors thank Prof. Feldstein and Prof. Mu Mu for their insightful
discussions on this work. We are also grateful to Prof. Dennis Hartmann
and three anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments and
suggestions.
NR 42
TC 14
Z9 20
U1 3
U2 12
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-4928
J9 J ATMOS SCI
JI J. Atmos. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 67
IS 9
BP 2805
EP 2826
DI 10.1175/2010JAS3345.1
PG 22
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 655LL
UT WOS:000282251400007
ER
PT J
AU Luo, DH
Zhong, LH
Ren, RC
Wang, CZ
AF Luo, Dehai
Zhong, Linhao
Ren, Rongcai
Wang, Chunzai
TI Spatial Pattern and Zonal Shift of the North Atlantic Oscillation. Part
II: Numerical Experiments
SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID LOW-FREQUENCY VARIABILITY; SEA-ICE EXPORT; EASTWARD SHIFT; DIPOLE MODES;
NAO; DYNAMICS; CIRCULATION; BLOCKING; EDDIES; LINK
AB In this part, the spatial evolution of an initial dipole anomaly in a prescribed jet is at first investigated by numerically solving linear and nonlinear models without forcing in order to examine how the spatial pattern of a dipole anomaly depends on the meridional distribution of a specified jet. It is shown that in a linear experiment an initial symmetric dipole anomaly in the meridional direction can evolve into a northeast southwest (NE-SW) or northwest southeast (NW-SE) tilted dipole structure if the core of this jet is in higher latitudes (the north) or in lower latitudes (the south). This is in agreement with the result predicted by the linear Rossby wave theory in slowly varying media. The conclusion also holds for the nonlinear and unforced experiment.
North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) events are then reproduced in a fully nonlinear barotropic model with a wavemaker that mimics the Atlantic storm-track eddy activity. In the absence of topography the spatial tilting of the eddy-driven NAO pattern is found to be independent of the NAO phase. The eddy-driven NAO pattern for the positive (negative) phase can exhibit a NE SW (NW SE) tilting only when the core of a prescribed jet prior to the NAO is confined in the higher latitude (lower latitude) region. However, in the presence of the wavenumber-2 topography (two oceans and continents) in the Northern Hemisphere the spatial tilting of the eddy-driven NAO dipole anomaly can be dependent on the NAO phase. Even when the specified basic flow prior to the NAO is uniform, the eddy-driven positive (negative) NAO phase dipole anomaly can also show a NE-SW (NW-SE) tilting because the northward (southward) shift of the excited westerly jet can occur in the presence of topography. In addition, it is found that when the wavemaker is closer to the position of the initial NAO, the eddy-driven positive (negative) NAO phase pattern can display a whole eastward shift and a more distinct NE SW (NW SE) tilting. This thus explains why the first empirical orthogonal function of the NAO pattern observed during 1998-2007 exhibits a more pronounced NE SW tilting than during 1978-97. It appears that the latitudinal shift of the jet, the large-scale topography, and the zonal position of the Atlantic storm-track eddy activity are three important factors for controlling the spatial tilting and zonal shift of eddy-driven NAO dipole anomalies.
C1 [Luo, Dehai] Ocean Univ China, Coll Phys & Environm Oceanog, Phys Oceanog Lab, Qingdao 266003, Peoples R China.
[Zhong, Linhao] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, LACS, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Ren, Rongcai] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, LASG, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Chunzai] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Luo, DH (reprint author), Ocean Univ China, Coll Phys & Environm Oceanog, Phys Oceanog Lab, Qingdao 266003, Peoples R China.
EM ldh@ouc.edu.cn
RI REN, R.-C./I-8656-2012; Wang, Chunzai /C-9712-2009
OI Wang, Chunzai /0000-0002-7611-0308
FU National Science Foundation [40921004]; Chinese Ministry of Education
[B07036]; NSFC [40705016]
FX The authors acknowledge the support from the National Science Foundation
Innovation Group Program (40921004), Taishan Scholar funding, FANEDD,
the Chinese Ministry of Education's lit Project (B07036), and NSFC
(40705016). We are also grateful to three anonymous reviewers for their
constructive comments and suggestions.
NR 23
TC 9
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-4928
EI 1520-0469
J9 J ATMOS SCI
JI J. Atmos. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 67
IS 9
BP 2827
EP 2853
DI 10.1175/2010JAS3340.1
PG 27
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 655LL
UT WOS:000282251400008
ER
PT J
AU Mansell, ER
AF Mansell, Edward R.
TI On Sedimentation and Advection in Multimoment Bulk Microphysics
SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID MIXED-PHASE CLOUDS; CONVECTIVE STORMS; PARAMETERIZATION; SCHEME;
SIMULATION; THUNDERSTORM; MODEL; ELECTRIFICATION; EVOLUTION; GROWTH
AB In two-moment bulk microphysics schemes, the practice of using different weighted fall velocities for the various moments is known to lead to artificial growth in reflectivity values for fast-falling particles, particularly at the downward leading edge of a precipitation column. Two simple correction schemes that prevent these artifacts while still allowing some effects of size sorting are presented. The corrections are obtained by comparing particle number concentrations that result from two or three different sedimentation calculations. The corrections do not conserve particle number concentrations but do prevent spurious reflectivity growth automatically without the need to place ad hoc limits on mean particle size.
Multimoment bulk microphysics schemes often have used inconsistent variables in terms of the appropriate advection equation (e.g., mass mixing ratio and particle number concentration). A brief review of consistent advection and turbulent mixing for such variables is presented to provide clarification.
C1 [Mansell, Edward R.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
RP Mansell, ER (reprint author), NSSL Natl Weather Ctr, 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM ted.mansell@noaa.gov
FU National Science Foundation [ATM-0119398, ATM-0451639]; NOAA Office of
Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University of Oklahoma
[NA17RJ1227]; U.S. Department of Commerce
FX Support for this research was provided under National Science Foundation
Grants ATM-0119398 and ATM-0451639. Funding was provided by the NOAA
Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University of
Oklahoma Cooperative Agreement NA17RJ1227, U.S. Department of Commerce.
The author thanks Dr. Louis Wicker for comments and suggestions on the
manuscript and for sharing expertise in advection schemes. Likewise Drs.
Conrad Ziegler and Daniel Dawson are appreciated for informal
contributions. Two anonymous reviewers are very much appreciated for
comments that resulted in an improved and more comprehensive manuscript.
The cloud model was run in MPI (Message-Passing Interface) parallel mode
thanks primarily to the efforts of Allison Silveira.
NR 28
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-4928
J9 J ATMOS SCI
JI J. Atmos. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 67
IS 9
BP 3084
EP 3094
DI 10.1175/2010JAS3341.1
PG 11
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 655LL
UT WOS:000282251400024
ER
PT J
AU Tao, L
Yang, S
Lu, WS
AF Tao Li
Yang, Song
Lu Wei-song
TI 20 TO 30-DAY AND 30 TO 60-DAY OSCILLATIONS IN ASSIMILATED GLOBAL
DATASETS USING TRMM RAINFALL OBSERVATIONS
SO JOURNAL OF TROPICAL METEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE 20 to 30-day oscillation; 30 to 60-day oscillation; GEOS data
assimilation system; Kelvin wave; TRMM precipitation
ID SUMMER INTRASEASONAL OSCILLATION; MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION;
LOW-FREQUENCY VARIABILITY; AIR-SEA INTERACTION; TROPICAL ATMOSPHERE;
PACIFIC; MODEL; WAVES; MODULATION; MECHANISMS
AB The influences of Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) precipitation products on the structure and underlying physics of intraseasonal oscillation (ISO) are investigated with the U. S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Goddard Earth Observing System model version 3 (GEOS-3) data assimilation system (DAS). The strong ISO phase in the 1998 summer is apparently located in the Asian monsoon region and the east equatorial Pacific region. The eastward propagation is a dominant feature for the tropical ISO at 20 to 30-day oscillation while the northeastward propagation is the salient ISO at 30 to 60-day oscillation over the 10 degrees N to 25 degrees N belt region. It appears that the Kelvin wave structure is for the tropical 20 to 30-day oscillation. The tropical 30 to 60-day oscillation has the characteristics of the Kelvin-Rossby wave. The impact of satellite-derived precipitation (and its associated latent heating) on the ISO intensity is limited in the GEOS-3 assimilation system. However, its impact on the ISO spatial structures is obvious. Overall, the results demonstrate a better eastward propagation and a northward propagation of ISO with the TRMM precipitation simulation, indicating that latent heating is very important in exciting the equatorial ISO.
C1 [Tao Li; Lu Wei-song] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Key Lab Meteorol Disaster, Minist Educ, Nanjing 210044, Peoples R China.
[Yang, Song] NOAA, IM Syst Grp, NESDIS, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
RP Tao, L (reprint author), Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Key Lab Meteorol Disaster, Minist Educ, Nanjing 210044, Peoples R China.
EM taoli@nuist.edu.cn
FU Qing Lan Project; Special Public Sector Research [GYHY200806009]; NASA
Global Water and Energy Cycle [NNG04G098G]
FX Qing Lan Project and a Special Public Sector Research (GYHY200806009);
The authors wish to thank Dr. Arthur Hou and Derek Van Pelt at NASA/GSFC
for providing the GEOS-3 assimilated datasets for this study. Dr. Erich
Stocker and his colleagues at TRMM Science Data and Information System
(TSDIS) kindly supported the TRMM precipitation products. The
observational OLR from NOAA and ECMWF analysis datasets are highly
appreciated. The second author was funded by the NASA Global Water and
Energy Cycle project with a grant NNG04G098G.
NR 30
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 2
PU JOURNAL OF TROPICAL METEOROLOGICAL PRESS
PI GUANGZHOU
PA 6 FU JIN RD, GUANGZHOU, 510080, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1006-8775
J9 J TROP METEOROL
JI J. Trop. Meteorol.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 16
IS 3
BP 210
EP 220
DI 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8775.2010.03.002
PG 11
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 654AK
UT WOS:000282140300002
ER
PT J
AU Perera, GM
Stein, GE
Liddle, JA
AF Perera, Ginusha M.
Stein, Gila E.
Liddle, J. Alexander
TI Spatial coherence in electron-beam patterning
SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B
LA English
DT Article
DE electron beam lithography; random noise; scanning electron microscopy;
X-ray diffraction
ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; LITHOGRAPHY; METROLOGY; ARRAYS; ANGLE
AB The authors demonstrate a simple method to identify noise sources in electron-beam systems and accurately quantify the resulting errors in feature placement. Line gratings with a 46 nm average pitch were patterned with electron-beam lithography and measured with transmission x-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). All SEM micrographs were analyzed in Fourier space to facilitate comparison with the XRD data. Diffraction profiles and Fourier transforms of SEM micrographs contained numerous "satellite" peaks, meaning weak peaks adjacent to the strong primary nodes, that are characteristic of periodic extensions and compressions in the grating pitch. The wavelength and amplitude of these pitch variations were calculated with a simple scaling law by comparing the positions and intensities of satellite peaks relative to their neighboring primary nodes. This approach is remarkably easy to implement because it does not require any modeling of electron density profiles. Data were used to calculate the frequency of each noise source and the resulting variations in the grating pitch. Two persistent noise frequencies were detected in the tool studied, (62 +/- 2) Hz and (86 +/- 3) Hz, and the tool manufacturer identified likely noise sources as electromagnetic and mechanical in nature, respectively. The 60 Hz noise produced errors in a 46 nm grating pitch of 3 sigma=1.5 nm, where sigma is the standard deviation in the grating pitch. Errors due to the 86 Hz noise ranged from 3 sigma=1.5 to 2.5 nm. Variations of these magnitudes can be expected to have adverse effects on coupling efficiencies, cavity quality factors, and center wavelength values in photonic devices. (C) 2010 American Vacuum Society. [DOI: 10.1116/1.3490407]
C1 [Perera, Ginusha M.; Stein, Gila E.] Univ Houston, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
[Liddle, J. Alexander] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Stein, GE (reprint author), Univ Houston, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
EM gestein@uh.edu
RI Liddle, James/A-4867-2013; Stein, Gila/P-1927-2016
OI Liddle, James/0000-0002-2508-7910; Stein, Gila/0000-0002-3973-4496
FU NSF [0927147]; UH [98520]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy
Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX The authors appreciate financial support from the NSF ENG EEC/ECCS
Program under Award No. 0927147 and the UH GEAR Program under Award No.
98520. The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of
Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of
Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Research was performed in
part at the NIST Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology. The
authors thank W. L. Wu and C. Q. Wang for helpful discussions.
NR 17
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 3
PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 1071-1023
J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B
JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2010
VL 28
IS 5
BP 1048
EP 1055
DI 10.1116/1.3490407
PG 8
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology;
Physics, Applied
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics
GA 657TH
UT WOS:000282434900031
ER
PT J
AU Liao, ZH
Hong, Y
Wang, J
Fukuoka, H
Sassa, K
Karnawati, D
Fathani, F
AF Liao, Zonghu
Hong, Yang
Wang, Jun
Fukuoka, Hiroshi
Sassa, Kyoji
Karnawati, Dwikorita
Fathani, Faisal
TI Prototyping an experimental early warning system for rainfall-induced
landslides in Indonesia using satellite remote sensing and geospatial
datasets
SO LANDSLIDES
LA English
DT Article
DE Landslide; Rainfall; Warning system; Indonesia
ID SHALLOW LANDSLIDES
AB An early warning system has been developed to predict rainfall-induced shallow landslides over Java Island, Indonesia. The prototyped early warning system integrates three major components: (1) a susceptibility mapping and hotspot identification component based on a land surface geospatial database (topographical information, maps of soil properties, and local landslide inventory, etc.); (2) a satellite-based precipitation monitoring system (http://trmm.gsfc.nasa.gov) and a precipitation forecasting model (i.e., Weather Research Forecast); and (3) a physically based, rainfall-induced landslide prediction model SLIDE. The system utilizes the modified physical model to calculate a factor of safety that accounts for the contribution of rainfall infiltration and partial saturation to the shear strength of the soil in topographically complex terrains. In use, the land-surface "where" information will be integrated with the "when" rainfall triggers by the landslide prediction model to predict potential slope failures as a function of time and location. In this system, geomorphologic data are primarily based on 30-m Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) data, digital elevation model (DEM), and 1-km soil maps. Precipitation forcing comes from both satellite-based, real-time National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM), and Weather Research Forecasting (WRF) model forecasts. The system's prediction performance has been evaluated using a local landslide inventory, and results show that the system successfully predicted landslides in correspondence to the time of occurrence of the real landslide events. Integration of spatially distributed remote sensing precipitation products and in-situ datasets in this prototype system enables us to further develop a regional, early warning tool in the future for predicting rainfall-induced landslides in Indonesia.
C1 [Liao, Zonghu; Hong, Yang; Wang, Jun] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Civil Engn & Environm Sci, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Fukuoka, Hiroshi] Kyoto Univ, Kyoto Univ Disaster Prevent Res Inst, Kyoto, Japan.
[Sassa, Kyoji] Int Consortium Landslides, Kyoto, Japan.
[Karnawati, Dwikorita; Fathani, Faisal] Univ Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
[Hong, Yang] Natl Weather Ctr, Ctr Nat Hazard & Disaster Res, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Wang, Jun] Chinese Acad Sci, Nansen Zhu Int Res Ctr, Inst Atmospher Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China.
RP Hong, Y (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Sch Civil Engn & Environm Sci, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
EM yanghong@ou.edu
RI Hong, Yang/D-5132-2009
OI Hong, Yang/0000-0001-8720-242X
FU NASA [IPL C105]
FX Support for this study from NASA Headquarter Applied Science Program and
International Programme on Landslides (IPL C105: Early Warning of
Landslides) are acknowledged for providing in situ landslide inventory
data and field investigation. We also thank the satellite remote sensing
from NASA and USGS.
NR 15
TC 24
Z9 26
U1 5
U2 36
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1612-510X
J9 LANDSLIDES
JI Landslides
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 7
IS 3
BP 317
EP 324
DI 10.1007/s10346-010-0219-7
PG 8
WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Geology
GA 637VA
UT WOS:000280845600009
ER
PT J
AU Wynne, TT
Stumpf, RP
Tomlinson, MC
Dyble, J
AF Wynne, Timothy T.
Stumpf, Richard P.
Tomlinson, Michelle C.
Dyble, Julianne
TI Characterizing a cyanobacterial bloom in western Lake Erie using
satellite imagery and meteorological data
SO LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID SAGINAW BAY; MICROCYSTIN CONCENTRATIONS; IMAGING SPECTROMETER;
GREAT-LAKES; LANDSAT-TM; WATER; CHLOROPHYLL; HURON; NM; TEMPERATURE
AB The distribution and intensity of a bloom of the toxic cyanobacterium, Microcystis aeruginosa, in western Lake Erie was characterized using a combination of satellite ocean-color imagery, field data, and meteorological observations. The bloom was first identified by satellite on 14 August 2008 and persisted for. 2 months. The distribution and intensity of the bloom was estimated using a satellite algorithm that is sensitive to near-surface concentrations of M. aeruginosa. Increases in both area and intensity were most pronounced for wind stress, 0.05 Pa. Area increased while intensity did not change for wind stresses of 0.05-0.1 Pa, and both decreased for wind stress. 0.1 Pa. The recovery in intensity at the surface after strong wind events indicated that high wind stress mixed the bloom through the water column and that it returned to the surface once mixing stopped. This interaction is consistent with the understanding of the buoyancy of these blooms. Cloud cover (reduced light) may have a weak influence on intensity during calm conditions. While water temperature remained. > 15 degrees C, the bloom intensified if there were calm conditions. For water temperature < 15 degrees C, the bloom subsided under similar conditions. As a result, wind stress needs to be considered when interpreting satellite imagery of these blooms.
C1 [Wynne, Timothy T.; Stumpf, Richard P.; Tomlinson, Michelle C.] NOAA, Ctr Coastal Monitoring & Assessment, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Dyble, Julianne] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
RP Wynne, TT (reprint author), NOAA, Ctr Coastal Monitoring & Assessment, Silver Spring, MD USA.
EM Timothy.Wynne@noaa.gov
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) Center of
Excellence for Great Lakes and Human Health; National Center for
Environmental Health at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention;
NASA [NNH08ZDA001N, NNH09AL53I]
FX Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer Instrument (MERIS) imagery was
provided by the European Space Agency (Category-1 Proposal C1P.3975).
Lee Wyrobek and Sander Robinson contributed to the field sampling and
processing. Travis Briggs provided various contributions to this
submission. We thank two anonymous reviewers whose comments greatly
strengthened this paper. Funding was provided by the National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) Center of Excellence for Great
Lakes and Human Health, and through the National Center for
Environmental Health at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
and by the NASA Applied Science Program announcement NNH08ZDA001N under
contract NNH09AL53I.
NR 53
TC 60
Z9 63
U1 2
U2 27
PU AMER SOC LIMNOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY
PI WACO
PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710-4446 USA
SN 0024-3590
J9 LIMNOL OCEANOGR
JI Limnol. Oceanogr.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 55
IS 5
BP 2025
EP 2036
DI 10.4319/lo.2010.55.5.2025
PG 12
WC Limnology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 673MI
UT WOS:000283667100020
ER
PT J
AU Daly, EA
Benkwitt, CE
Brodeur, RD
Litz, MNC
Copeman, LA
AF Daly, Elizabeth A.
Benkwitt, Cassandra E.
Brodeur, Richard D.
Litz, Marisa N. C.
Copeman, Louise A.
TI Fatty acid profiles of juvenile salmon indicate prey selection
strategies in coastal marine waters
SO MARINE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID DIEL FEEDING CHRONOLOGY; PRINCE-WILLIAM-SOUND; COD GADUS-MORHUA; COHO
SALMON; LIPID-COMPOSITION; CHINOOK SALMON; ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA;
SPECIES VARIABILITY; YELLOWTAIL FLOUNDER; LIMANDA-FERRUGINEA
AB Juvenile salmon exhibit high growth rates upon their arrival into the marine environment. Dietary changes from freshwater and estuarine habitats to those derived from the marine environment may play an important role in ultimate adult survival. We measured the total lipid and fatty acid (FA) composition of juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), coho salmon (O. kisutch), and 18 of their potential prey items sampled from coastal waters during their first few months at sea. Coho salmon had significant reductions in their lipid content (% wet weight) between May and June, likely due to early marine growth. We did not find a significant drop between May and June Chinook salmon lipid content, which may indicate an earlier ontogenetic selection to marine prey that are higher in lipids and essential fatty acids (EFAs). Juvenile salmon ate prey of both high and low lipids. Significant FA compositional changes occurred for both coho and Chinook salmon between May and June. In May, the FA profile of juvenile salmon, especially coho salmon, did not resemble their prey items; however, in June, there was a strong correlation between salmon and their common fish prey as determined by gut content analysis. Significant increases in the level of EFAs, especially docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) accounted for the majority of the monthly differences in salmon tissue FA composition. In order for juvenile salmon to adequately meet their physiological requirements, they may have adapted to select advantageous prey with higher levels of EFAs, especially DHA, in order to rapidly increase their growth and ultimate survival.
C1 [Daly, Elizabeth A.; Litz, Marisa N. C.; Copeman, Louise A.] Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Cooperat Inst Marine Resources Studies, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Benkwitt, Cassandra E.] Aquat Farms, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Brodeur, Richard D.] NOAA, Estuarine & Ocean Ecol Program, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
RP Daly, EA (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Cooperat Inst Marine Resources Studies, 2030 Marine Sci Dr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
EM elizabeth.daly@noaa.gov
OI Benkwitt, Cassandra/0000-0001-6756-7958
FU Bonneville Power Administration; NOAA Fisheries
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge C. Toole, L. Fitzgerald, and T. Auth
for Weld sample collections. Thanks to the captains and crew of the
research vessels who aided in collection of fish used in this study. We
are grateful to R. Rasmussen for technical support and advice. This
research was supported by funding from Bonneville Power Administration
and NOAA Fisheries. Comments on early drafts of this paper were provided
by L. Schauffler, R. Johnson, E. Casillas, and two anonymous reviewers.
NR 56
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 3
U2 20
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0025-3162
J9 MAR BIOL
JI Mar. Biol.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 157
IS 9
BP 1975
EP 1987
DI 10.1007/s00227-010-1466-9
PG 13
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 639YI
UT WOS:000281012700008
ER
PT J
AU McClain, CR
Lundsten, L
Barry, J
DeVogelaere, A
AF McClain, Craig R.
Lundsten, Lonny
Barry, James
DeVogelaere, Andrew
TI Assemblage structure, but not diversity or density, change with depth on
a northeast Pacific seamount
SO MARINE ECOLOGY-AN EVOLUTIONARY PERSPECTIVE
LA English
DT Article
DE Alpha-diversity; assemblage structure; bathymetric; beta-diversity;
density; species turnover
ID DEEP-SEA BENTHOS; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; BATHYMETRIC
PATTERNS; CENTRAL CALIFORNIA; STANDING STOCK; DISTANCE DECAY; BODY-SIZE;
GASTROPODS; ATLANTIC
AB Although depth-related patterns in assemblage structure are documented in several deep-sea systems, variation in diversity, assemblage structure, and abundance with depth on individual seamounts remains unexplored. Knowledge of alpha- and beta-diversity on single seamounts is needed for any robust generalization about large-scale biodiversity patterns on seamounts. Here, we explore bathymetric variation in benthic megafauna, based on ROV video transects, on Davidson seamount (1246-3656 m) in the Northeast Pacific Ocean. We found that substantial change in assemblage structure can occur over vertical scales on an individual seamount. Changes of 50% in assemblage composition (beta-diversity, faunal turnover) were observed over as little as a similar to 1500 m depth interval down the flanks of the seamount, although bathymetric clines in composition were not uniform across major taxa. Diversity and density exhibit no consistent bathymetric pattern and can vary greatly on a single isobath. Our findings suggest that ecological and evolutionary processes may vary considerably on a single seamount. As such, seamounts should be viewed as patchworks of habitats where high beta-diversity may ultimately increase total biodiversity.
C1 [McClain, Craig R.] Natl Evolutionary Synth Ctr, Durham, NC 27705 USA.
[Lundsten, Lonny; Barry, James] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Monterey, CA USA.
[DeVogelaere, Andrew] Monterey Bay Natl Marine Sanctuary, Monterey, CA USA.
RP McClain, CR (reprint author), Natl Evolutionary Synth Ctr, 2024 W Main St, Durham, NC 27705 USA.
EM cmcclain@nescent.org
OI McClain, Craig/0000-0003-0574-428X
FU Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute [200002, 900703, 900608]; David
and Lucile Packard Foundation; National Evolutionary Synthesis Center
(NSF) [EF-0423641]; CenSeam
FX We thank the pilots of the ROV Tiburon and the crew of the RV Western
Flyer. We are grateful for the assistance of Erica Burton, David Clague,
and Linda Kuhnz. Michelle Gaither-McClain provided editorial assistance
and loving patience with the first author. Four anonymous reviewers
provided evaluations that strengthened the manuscript. The following
taxonomic experts were consulted with: R. Lee for Actinopterygii, G.
Cailliet for Actinopterygii, D. Pawson for Holothuroidea, G. Rouse for
Polychaeta, S. Cairns for Octocorallia, H. Reiswig for Hexactinellida,
W. Lee for Demospongiae, G. Williams for Octocorallia, C. Mah for
Asteroidea, C. Messing for Crinoidea, and R. Mooi for Echinoidea. This
work was supported by the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute
(projects 200002, 900703, 900608), and the David and Lucile Packard
Foundation. CRM was supported by a Monterey Bay Aquarium Research
Institute Postdoctoral Fellowship and the National Evolutionary
Synthesis Center (NSF #EF-0423641) and a grant from the Census of Marine
Life field project CenSeam (a global census of marine life on
seamounts).
NR 47
TC 21
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 14
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0173-9565
J9 MAR ECOL-EVOL PERSP
JI Mar. Ecol.-Evol. Persp.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 31
SU 1
BP 14
EP 25
DI 10.1111/j.1439-0485.2010.00367.x
PG 12
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 649TO
UT WOS:000281797000002
ER
PT J
AU Marks, KM
Smith, WHF
Sandwell, DT
AF Marks, K. M.
Smith, W. H. F.
Sandwell, D. T.
TI Evolution of errors in the altimetric bathymetry model used by Google
Earth and GEBCO
SO MARINE GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Errors; Satellite bathymetry; Bathymetric grids; Google Earth; GEBCO;
Multibeam
ID SHIP-BORNE PROFILES; SATELLITE ALTIMETRY; GLOBAL BATHYMETRY; SEAMOUNT
TOPOGRAPHY; GRAVITY-ANOMALIES; PREDICTION; INVERSION; ACCURACY; GEOSAT
AB We analyze errors in the global bathymetry models of Smith and Sandwell that combine satellite altimetry with acoustic soundings and shorelines to estimate depths. Versions of these models have been incorporated into Google Earth and the General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (GEBCO). We use Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) multibeam surveys not previously incorporated into the models as "ground truth" to compare against model versions 7.2 through 12.1, defining vertical differences as "errors." Overall error statistics improve over time: 50th percentile errors declined from 57 to 55 to 49 m, and 90th percentile errors declined from 257 to 235 to 219 m, in versions 8.2, 11.1 and 12.1. This improvement is partly due to an increasing number of soundings incorporated into successive models, and partly to improvements in the satellite gravity model. Inspection of specific sites reveals that changes in the algorithms used to interpolate across survey gaps with altimetry have affected some errors. Versions 9.1 through 11.1 show a bias in the scaling from gravity in milliGals to topography in meters that affected the 15-160 km wavelength band. Regionally averaged (> 160 km wavelength) depths have accumulated error over successive versions 9 through 11. These problems have been mitigated in version 12.1, which shows no systematic variation of errors with depth. Even so, version 12.1 is in some respects not as good as version 8.2, which employed a different algorithm.
C1 [Marks, K. M.; Smith, W. H. F.] NOAA, Lab Satellite Altimetry, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Sandwell, D. T.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RP Marks, KM (reprint author), NOAA, Lab Satellite Altimetry, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM Karen.Marks@noaa.gov
RI Marks, Karen/F-5610-2010; Wright, Dawn/A-4518-2011; Smith,
Walter/F-5627-2010;
OI Marks, Karen/0000-0001-6524-1495; Wright, Dawn/0000-0002-2997-7611;
Smith, Walter/0000-0002-8814-015X; Sandwell, David/0000-0001-5657-8707
NR 24
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 11
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0025-3235
EI 1573-0581
J9 MAR GEOPHYS RES
JI Mar. Geophys. Res.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 31
IS 3
BP 223
EP 238
DI 10.1007/s11001-010-9102-0
PG 16
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Oceanography
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Oceanography
GA 682VY
UT WOS:000284432300005
ER
PT J
AU Hannesson, R
Herrick, SF
AF Hannesson, Roegnvaldur
Herrick, Samuel F., Jr.
TI The value of Pacific sardine as forage fish
SO MARINE POLICY
LA English
DT Article
DE Pacific sardine; Aquaculture; Forage fish; Ecosystem management;
Transfer efficiency; California Current
ID FISHERIES; AQUACULTURE; MANAGEMENT; CLIMATE
AB This paper develops a simple bioeconomic model to investigate the economic and ecological issues associated with the commercial harvest of Pacific sardines relative to their value as forage for commercially, recreationally, and ecologically important predators in the California Current ecosystem. The model was used to evaluate how changes in the net per unit value of sardines, the net per unit value of sardine predators, and the transfer efficiency of predators affect the total net value of sardines, i.e. the net value of catches and the net value from sardine predation. Given recent market conditions for sardines and their commercial predators, and transfer efficiencies derived from predation data of the 1960s, it was found that the value of commercially caught predators and the efficiency by which they convert sardines to exploitable biomass were most important in determining the viability of the sardine fishery. The values assumed for predators that are not commercially caught were of no consequence under these conditions. Taking the value of sardines as forage into account does not necessarily mean an either-or situation for the fishery. As long as there is some measure of net value from the fishery and net value from predation, both benefit society at large. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Herrick, Samuel F., Jr.] SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Resources Div, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Hannesson, Roegnvaldur] Norwegian Sch Econ & Business Adm, NHH, NO-5045 Bergen, Norway.
RP Herrick, SF (reprint author), SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Resources Div, 8604 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM rognvaldur.hannesson@nhh.no; sam.herrick@noaa.gov
NR 11
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0308-597X
J9 MAR POLICY
JI Mar. Pol.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 34
IS 5
BP 935
EP 942
DI 10.1016/j.marpol.2010.01.024
PG 8
WC Environmental Studies; International Relations
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; International Relations
GA 614BJ
UT WOS:000279029700014
ER
PT J
AU Foley, MM
Halpern, BS
Micheli, F
Armsby, MH
Caldwell, MR
Crain, CM
Prahler, E
Rohr, N
Sivas, D
Beck, MW
Carr, MH
Crowder, LB
Duffy, JE
Hacker, SD
McLeod, KL
Palumbi, SR
Peterson, CH
Regan, HM
Ruckelshaus, MH
Sandifer, PA
Steneck, RS
AF Foley, Melissa M.
Halpern, Benjamin S.
Micheli, Fiorenza
Armsby, Matthew H.
Caldwell, Margaret R.
Crain, Caitlin M.
Prahler, Erin
Rohr, Nicole
Sivas, Deborah
Beck, Michael W.
Carr, Mark H.
Crowder, Larry B.
Duffy, J. Emmett
Hacker, Sally D.
McLeod, Karen L.
Palumbi, Stephen R.
Peterson, Charles H.
Regan, Helen M.
Ruckelshaus, Mary H.
Sandifer, Paul A.
Steneck, Robert S.
TI Guiding ecological principles for marine spatial planning
SO MARINE POLICY
LA English
DT Article
DE Marine spatial planning; MSP; Ecosystem-based MSP; Ecological principles
ID ECOSYSTEM-BASED MANAGEMENT; SEA USE MANAGEMENT; CORAL-REEF; FOOD WEBS;
COASTAL ECOSYSTEMS; UPWELLING SYSTEM; TROPHIC CASCADES; PACIFIC-OCEAN;
POPULATION CONNECTIVITY; FUNCTIONAL REDUNDANCY
AB The declining health of marine ecosystems around the world is evidence that current piecemeal governance is inadequate to successfully support healthy coastal and ocean ecosystems and sustain human uses of the ocean. One proposed solution to this problem is ecosystem-based marine spatial planning (MSP), which is a process that informs the spatial distribution of activities in the ocean so that existing and emerging uses can be maintained, use conflicts reduced, and ecosystem health and services protected and sustained for future generations. Because a key goal of ecosystem-based MSP is to maintain the delivery of ecosystem services that humans want and need, it must be based on ecological principles that articulate the scientifically recognized attributes of healthy, functioning ecosystems. These principles should be incorporated into a decision-making framework with clearly defined targets for these ecological attributes. This paper identifies ecological principles for MSP based on a synthesis of previously suggested and/or operationalized principles, along with recommendations generated by a group of twenty ecologists and marine scientists with diverse backgrounds and perspectives on MSP. The proposed four main ecological principles to guide MSP maintaining or restoring: native species diversity, habitat diversity and heterogeneity, key species, and connectivity and two additional guidelines, the need to account for context and uncertainty, must be explicitly taken into account in the planning process. When applied in concert with social, economic, and governance principles, these ecological principles can inform the designation and siting of ocean uses and the management of activities in the ocean to maintain or restore healthy ecosystems, allow delivery of marine ecosystem services, and ensure sustainable economic and social benefits. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Foley, Melissa M.; Armsby, Matthew H.; Caldwell, Margaret R.; Prahler, Erin; Rohr, Nicole; Sivas, Deborah] Stanford Univ, Ctr Ocean Solut, Woods Inst Environm, Monterey, CA 93940 USA.
[Foley, Melissa M.; Crain, Caitlin M.; Carr, Mark H.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Halpern, Benjamin S.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Natl Ctr Ecol Anal & Synth, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Micheli, Fiorenza; Palumbi, Stephen R.] Stanford Univ, Hopkins Marine Stn, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
[Rohr, Nicole] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Biol Sci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[Beck, Michael W.] Nature Conservancy, Long Marine Lab, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
[Crowder, Larry B.] Duke Univ, Ctr Marine Conservat, Beaufort, NC USA.
[Duffy, J. Emmett] Coll William & Mary, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA USA.
[Hacker, Sally D.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Zool, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[McLeod, Karen L.] Oregon State Univ, COMPASS, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Peterson, Charles H.] Univ N Carolina Chapel Hill, Inst Marine Sci, Morehead City, NC USA.
[Regan, Helen M.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Biol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
[Ruckelshaus, Mary H.] NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA USA.
[Sandifer, Paul A.] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC USA.
[Steneck, Robert S.] Univ Maine, Darling Marine Ctr, Sch Marine Sci, Walpole, ME 04573 USA.
RP Foley, MM (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Ctr Ocean Solut, Woods Inst Environm, 99 Pacific St,Suite 155A, Monterey, CA 93940 USA.
EM mmfoley@stanford.edu
NR 147
TC 170
Z9 174
U1 10
U2 144
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0308-597X
EI 1872-9460
J9 MAR POLICY
JI Mar. Pol.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 34
IS 5
BP 955
EP 966
DI 10.1016/j.marpol.2010.02.001
PG 12
WC Environmental Studies; International Relations
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; International Relations
GA 614BJ
UT WOS:000279029700016
ER
PT J
AU Williams, GD
Levin, PS
Palsson, WA
AF Williams, Gregory D.
Levin, Phillip S.
Palsson, Wayne A.
TI Rockfish in Puget Sound: An ecological history of exploitation
SO MARINE POLICY
LA English
DT Article
DE Rockfish; Sebastes; Puget Sound; Historical fisheries; Exploitation;
Ecosystem management
ID MARINE ECOSYSTEMS; GENUS SEBASTES; FISHERIES; CONSERVATION; MANAGEMENT;
PACIFIC; JUVENILES; COMMUNITY; DYNAMICS; FUTURE
AB In Puget Sound, WA (USA), rockfish (Sebastes spp.) have significantly declined in abundance, with multiple petitions to list individual species under the Endangered Species Act. In order to better understand the ecological legacy of rockfish fishing to the Puget Sound ecosystem, the local history of rockfish exploitation was reviewed, focusing on the socioeconomic forces and management decisions which influenced the trajectory of landings. Rockfish have always been harvested for human consumption in the region, but over time exploitation patterns have changed from an opportunistic subsistence activity by indigenous peoples, to a year-round target of commercial and recreational interests. Annual commercial and recreational harvests together peaked (almost 400 mt) in the early 1980s as anglers' attitudes changed, gear technology improved, rockfish became more familiar to the market, human population increased, and agency programs promoted fisheries to sustain employment. Rockfishes were generally not managed intensely or with conservation goals in mind until the late 1980s, in part due to scientific shortcomings and a lack of resources. By the time management actions were deemed necessary, the greatest harvest had already occurred. However, the low intrinsic productivity of most rockfish species suggests that the legacy of fishing will remain for years to come. As managers strive to restore the integrity and resilience of Puget Sound, they must realize the significance of historical fishery removals to the ecosystem and use the proper social and economic incentives to drive individual behavior toward these ecosystem goals. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Williams, Gregory D.] Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commiss, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Levin, Phillip S.] NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Palsson, Wayne A.] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Marine Resources Unit, Mill Creek, WA 98012 USA.
RP Williams, GD (reprint author), Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commiss, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM greg_williams@psmfc.org
NR 73
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0308-597X
J9 MAR POLICY
JI Mar. Pol.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 34
IS 5
BP 1010
EP 1020
DI 10.1016/j.marpol.2010.02.008
PG 11
WC Environmental Studies; International Relations
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; International Relations
GA 614BJ
UT WOS:000279029700022
ER
PT J
AU Waples, RS
AF Waples, Robin S.
TI Spatial-temporal stratifications in natural populations and how they
affect understanding and estimation of effective population size
SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE age structure; contemporary N(e); long-term N(e); metapopulation;
migration
ID OVERLAPPING GENERATIONS; SUBDIVIDED POPULATIONS; GENETIC DIVERSITY;
LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; STRUCTURED POPULATION; TIME DEPENDENCY;
MIGRATION RATES; CONSERVATION; DIVERGENCE; VARIANCE
AB The concept of effective population size (N(e)) is based on an elegantly simple idea which, however, rapidly becomes very complex when applied to most real-world situations. In natural populations, spatial and temporal stratifications create different classes of individuals with different vital rates, and this in turn affects (generally reduces) N(e) in complex ways. I consider how these natural stratifications influence our understanding of effective size and how to estimate it, and what the consequences are for conservation and management of natural populations. Important points that emerge include the following:
The relative influences of local vs metapopulation N(e) depend on a variety of factors, including the time frame of interest.
Levels of diversity in local populations are strongly influenced by even low levels of migration, so these measures are not reliable indicators of local N(e).
For long-term effective size, obtaining a reliable estimate of mutation rate is the most important consideration; unless this is accomplished, estimates can be biased by orders of magnitude.
At least some estimators of contemporary N(e) appear to be robust to relatively high (approximately 10%) equilibrium levels of migration, so under many realistic scenarios they might yield reliable estimates of local N(e).
Age structure probably has little effect on long-term estimators of N(e) but can strongly influence contemporary estimates.
More research is needed in several key areas: (i) to disentangle effects of selection and drift in metapopulations connected by intermediate levels of migration; (ii) to elucidate the relationship between N(b) (effective number of breeders per year) and N(e) per generation in age-structured populations; (iii) to perform rigorous sensitivity analyses of new likelihood and coalescent-based methods for estimating demographic and evolutionary histories.
C1 NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Waples, RS (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM robin.waples@noaa.gov
RI Waples, Robin/K-1126-2016
FU National Evolutionary Synthesis Center (Durham, NC); National Center for
Ecological Analysis and Synthesis (Santa Barbara, CA, USA)
FX I thank Severine Vuilleumier, who made many useful suggestions and
generously shared unpublished results, as well as two Italians from
Argentina (Oscar Gaggiotti and Daniel Ruzzante) and three anonymous
reviewers, who provided constructive comments on an earlier draft. This
work also benefitted from discussions within the Genetic Monitoring
(GeM) Working Group jointly supported by the National Evolutionary
Synthesis Center (Durham, NC) and the National Center for Ecological
Analysis and Synthesis (Santa Barbara, CA, USA).
NR 62
TC 59
Z9 60
U1 1
U2 41
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1755-098X
J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR
JI Mol. Ecol. Resour.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 10
IS 5
BP 785
EP 796
DI 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2010.02876.x
PG 12
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Evolutionary Biology
GA 639TU
UT WOS:000280998200004
PM 21565090
ER
PT J
AU Ploshay, JJ
Lau, NC
AF Ploshay, Jeffrey J.
Lau, Ngar-Cheung
TI Simulation of the Diurnal Cycle in Tropical Rainfall and Circulation
during Boreal Summer with a High-Resolution GCM
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID SOUTH CHINA SEA; UNITED-STATES; CUMULUS CONVECTION; NORTHERN MEXICO;
TIBETAN PLATEAU; HEAT-SOURCES; TRMM PR; PART I; PRECIPITATION; MODEL
AB The simulation of the diurnal cycle (DC) of precipitation and surface wind pattern by a general circulation model (GCM) with a uniform horizontal resolution of 50 km over the global domain is evaluated. The model output is compared with observational counterparts based on datasets provided by the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission and reanalysis products of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts. The summertime diurnal characteristics over tropical regions in Asia, the Americas, and Africa are portrayed using the amplitude and phase of the first harmonic of the 24-h cycle, departures of data fields during selected hours from the daily mean, and differences between extreme phases of the DC.
There is general agreement between the model and observations with respect to the large-scale land-sea contrasts in the DC. Maximum land precipitation, onshore flows, and landward migration of rainfall signals from the coasts occur in the afternoon, whereas peak maritime rainfall and offshore flows prevail in the morning. Seaward migration of precipitation is discernible over the western Bay of Bengal and South China Sea during nocturnal and morning hours. The evolution from low-intensity rainfall in the morning/early afternoon to heavier precipitation several hours later is also evident over selected continental sites. However, the observed incidence of rainfall with very high intensity in midafternoon is not reproduced in the model atmosphere.
Although the model provides an adequate simulation of the daytime upslope and nighttime downslope winds in the vicinity of mountain ranges, valleys, and basins, there are notable discrepancies between model and observations in the DC of precipitation near some of these orographic features. The model does not reproduce the observed seaward migration of precipitation from the western coasts of Myanmar (Burma) and India, and from individual islands of the Indonesian Archipelago at nighttime.
C1 [Ploshay, Jeffrey J.; Lau, Ngar-Cheung] Princeton Univ, NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08542 USA.
RP Lau, NC (reprint author), Princeton Univ, NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Forrestal Campus,POB 308, Princeton, NJ 08542 USA.
EM gabriel.lau@noaa.gov
NR 47
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 138
IS 9
BP 3434
EP 3453
DI 10.1175/2010MWR3291.1
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 656CO
UT WOS:000282303700005
ER
PT J
AU Mejia, JF
Douglas, MW
Lamb, PJ
AF Mejia, John F.
Douglas, Michael W.
Lamb, Peter J.
TI Aircraft Observations of the 12-15 July 2004 Moisture Surge Event during
the North American Monsoon Experiment
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID GULF-OF-CALIFORNIA; SOUTHWESTERN UNITED-STATES; TROPICAL EASTERLY WAVES;
LOW-LEVEL JET; PRECIPITATION; VARIABILITY; AIR
AB This paper describes aspects of a strong moisture surge over the Gulf of California that was observed during the 2004 North American Monsoon Experiment. Although a variety of special observation platforms aid the analyses, the authors focus on observations collected during two NOAA research aircraft flights made on 12 and 13 July. These flights sampled the initial and mature phases of a strong surge associated with Tropical Storm Blas. The first flight is identified by both a convective outflow and another feature, both deeper and with larger spatial scale, ahead of the outflow in association with the surge's leading edge. The surge speed, similar to 8 m s(-1), was identified from anomaly analysis of surface station pressure data. Observations show interesting multiscale features associated with the surge during its initial stages but do not allow for unambiguous identification of the surge's forcing mechanism or dynamical properties. Data from the second flight were used to describe the along- and cross-gulf structure of the enhanced low-level flow associated with the surge event. The strongest winds were over the northernmost gulf, with weaker winds over the surrounding coastal areas. The kinematic moisture flux increased toward the northern gulf; wind speed is the main control on the flux as the moist layer shows only small horizontal gradients. Over the northern gulf, the combination of a very shallow moist layer and a shallow low-level jet yield maximum moisture fluxes near 950 hPa that are almost an order of magnitude larger than those at 850 hPa.
C1 [Mejia, John F.; Lamb, Peter J.] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Mejia, John F.; Lamb, Peter J.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Mejia, John F.; Douglas, Michael W.] NOAA OAR, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
RP Mejia, JF (reprint author), Desert Res Inst, 2215 Raggio Pkwy, Reno, NV 89512 USA.
EM john.mejia@dri.edu
FU NOAA; National Science Foundation
FX This research was sponsored by the NOAA's Climate Program Office. Many
Mexican and U.S. organizations and individuals contributed to the NAME
data collection effort. Useful discussions with Joseph Zehnder of
Creighton University are greatly appreciated. Most NAME datasets used in
this study were provided by NCAR/EOL under sponsorship of the National
Science Foundation. We thank David Gochis, R. H. Johnson, and two
anonymous reviewers for their thorough reviews and highly appreciate the
comments and suggestions, which significantly contributed to improving
the quality of this paper.
NR 30
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 138
IS 9
BP 3498
EP 3513
DI 10.1175/2010MWR3228.1
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 656CO
UT WOS:000282303700008
ER
PT J
AU Coniglio, MC
Hwang, JY
Stensrud, DJ
AF Coniglio, Michael C.
Hwang, Jason Y.
Stensrud, David J.
TI Environmental Factors in the Upscale Growth and Longevity of MCSs
Derived from Rapid Update Cycle Analyses
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID MESOSCALE CONVECTIVE SYSTEMS; CENTRAL UNITED-STATES; CONDITIONAL
SYMMETRIC INSTABILITY; WARM-SEASON PRECIPITATION; LIVED SQUALL LINES;
LOW-LEVEL JET; INERTIAL INSTABILITY; GREAT-PLAINS; SYNOPTIC CLIMATOLOGY;
PROXIMITY SOUNDINGS
AB Composite environments of mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) are produced from Rapid Update Cycle (RUC) analyses to explore the differences between rapidly and slowly developing MCSs as well as the differences ahead of long- and short-lived MCSs. The composite analyses capture the synoptic-scale features known to be associated with MCSs and depict the inertial oscillation of the nocturnal low-level jet (LLJ), which remains strong but tends to veer away from decaying MCSs. The composite first storms environment for the rapidly developing MCSs contains a stronger LLJ located closer to the first storms region, much more conditional instability, potential instability, and energy available for downdrafts, smaller 3-10-km vertical wind shear, and smaller geostrophic potential vorticity in the upper troposphere, when compared to the environment for the slowly developing MCSs. The weaker shear above 3 km for the rapidly developing MCSs is consistent with supercell or discrete cell modes being less likely in weaker deep-layer shear and the greater potential for a cold pool to trigger convection when the shear is confined to lower levels. Furthermore, these results suggest that low values of upper-level potential vorticity may signal a rapid transition to an MCS. The composite environment ahead of the genesis of long- lived MCSs contains a broader LLJ, a better-defined frontal zone, stronger low-level frontogenesis, deeper moisture, and stronger wind shear above 2 km, when compared to short-lived MCSs. The larger shear above 2 km for the long- lived MCSs is consistent with the importance of shear elevated above the ground to help organize and maintain convection that feeds on the elevated unstable parcels after dark and is indicative of the enhanced baroclinicity ahead of the MCSs.
C1 [Coniglio, Michael C.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Natl Weather Ctr, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
RP Coniglio, MC (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Natl Weather Ctr, Room 2234,120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM michael.coniglio@noaa.gov
FU NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University of
Oklahoma [NA17RJ1227]; U.S. Department of Commerce; NOAA
FX Partial funding was provided by NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric
Research under NOAA-University of Oklahoma Cooperative Agreement
NA17RJ1227, U.S. Department of Commerce. The authors thank the efforts
of the NOAA Hollings scholarship program, which supported the second
author (JYH) during this project. We also thank Dr. Kim Elmore of the
University of Oklahoma-NOAA/Cooperative Institute for Mesoscale
Meteorological Studies and Greg Dial and Steve Corfidi of the NOAA/Storm
Prediction Center for valuable discussions. Finally, we are thankful to
Drs. Matt Parker and Morris Weisman for their very constructive and
careful reviews.
NR 72
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Z9 22
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
EI 1520-0493
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 138
IS 9
BP 3514
EP 3539
DI 10.1175/2010MWR3233.1
PG 26
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 656CO
UT WOS:000282303700009
ER
PT J
AU Lorsolo, S
Zhang, JA
Marks, F
Gamache, J
AF Lorsolo, Sylvie
Zhang, Jun A.
Marks, Frank, Jr.
Gamache, John
TI Estimation and Mapping of Hurricane Turbulent Energy Using Airborne
Doppler Measurements
SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID BOUNDARY-LAYER PARAMETERIZATIONS; INNER CORE STRUCTURE; HIGH WIND
SPEEDS; TROPICAL CYCLONES; KINEMATIC STRUCTURE; RADAR OBSERVATIONS; ROLL
VORTICES; MOMENTUM FLUX; ALLEN 1980; PART II
AB Hurricane turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) was computed using airborne Doppler measurements from the NOAAWP-3D tail radars, and TKE data were retrieved for a variety of storms at different stages of their life cycle. The geometry of the radar analysis coupled with the relatively small beam resolution at ranges <8 km allowed for the estimation of subkilometer turbulent processes. Two-dimensional profiles of TKE were constructed and revealed that the strongest turbulence was generally located in convective regions, such as the eyewall, with magnitudes often exceeding 15 m(2) s(-2) and in the boundary layer with values of 5-10 m(2) s(-2) in the lowest kilometer. A correlation analysis showed that the strong turbulence was generally associated with strong horizontal shear of vertical and radial wind components in the eyewall and strong vertical shear of horizontal wind in the boundary layer. Mean vertical profiles of TKE decrease sharply above the hurricane boundary layer and level off at low magnitude for all regions outside the radius of maximum wind.
The quality of the retrieval method was evaluated and showed very good agreement with TKE values directly calculated from the three-dimensional wind components of in situ measurements. The method presented here provides a unique opportunity to assess hurricane turbulence throughout the storm, especially in high-wind regions, and can be applied on extensive datasets of past and future airborne hurricane penetrations.
C1 [Lorsolo, Sylvie; Marks, Frank, Jr.; Gamache, John] NOAA AOML, Hurricane Res Div, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Lorsolo, Sylvie; Zhang, Jun A.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Lorsolo, S (reprint author), NOAA AOML, Hurricane Res Div, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM sylvie.lorsolo@noaa.gov
RI Marks, Frank/A-5733-2011; Zhang, Jun/F-9580-2012; Gamache,
John/A-9702-2014
OI Marks, Frank/0000-0003-0371-5514; Gamache, John/0000-0001-5624-0378
FU University of South Alabama [NA06NWS4680008]; HFIP
FX The authors thank Dr. Mark Powell and Peter Dodge for their insightful
input. This research is supported by University of South Alabama Grant
NA06NWS4680008 and the HFIP program.
NR 46
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0027-0644
J9 MON WEATHER REV
JI Mon. Weather Rev.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 138
IS 9
BP 3656
EP 3670
DI 10.1175/2010MWR3183.1
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 656CO
UT WOS:000282303700017
ER
PT J
AU Lehman, J
Sanders, A
Hanssen, L
Wilthan, B
Zeng, JA
Jensen, C
AF Lehman, John
Sanders, Aric
Hanssen, Leonard
Wilthan, Boris
Zeng, Jinan
Jensen, Christopher
TI Very Black Infrared Detector from Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes
and Electric-Field Poling of Lithium Tantalate
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Absorptance; carbon nanotube; optical coating; pyroelectric detector;
reflectance; spectral responsivity; thermal detector
ID PYROELECTRIC DETECTOR; RESPONSIVITY; ABSORBER; FILMS
AB Vertically aligned multiwall carbon nanotubes were grown by water-assisted chemical vapor deposition on a large-area lithium tantalate pyroelectric detector. The processing parameters are nominally identical to those by which others have achieved the "world's darkest substance" on a silicon substrate. The pyroelectric detector Material, though a good candidate for such a coating, presents additional challenges and outcomes. After coating, a cycle of heating, electric field poling, and cooling was employed to restore the spontaneous polarization perpendicular to the detector electrodes. The detector responsivity is reported along with imaging as well as visible and infrared reflectance measurements of the detector and a silicon witness sample. We find that the detector responsivity is slightly compromised by the heat of processing and the coating properties are substrate dependent. However, it is possible to achieve nearly ideal values of detector reflectance uniformly less than 0.1 % from 400 nm to 4 mu m and less than 1 % from 4 to 14 mu m.
C1 [Lehman, John; Sanders, Aric] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Optoelect, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Hanssen, Leonard; Wilthan, Boris; Zeng, Jinan] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Opt Technol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Jensen, Christopher] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
RP Lehman, J (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Optoelect, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM lehman@boulder.nist.gov
NR 29
TC 60
Z9 62
U1 11
U2 43
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 10
IS 9
BP 3261
EP 3266
DI 10.1021/nl100582j
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 645WZ
UT WOS:000281498200007
PM 20681568
ER
PT J
AU Xie, WJ
He, J
Kang, HJ
Tang, XF
Zhu, S
Laver, M
Wang, SY
Copley, JRD
Brown, CM
Zhang, QJ
Tritt, TM
AF Xie, Wenjie
He, Jian
Kang, Hye Jung
Tang, Xinfeng
Zhu, Song
Laver, Mark
Wang, Shanyu
Copley, John R. D.
Brown, Craig M.
Zhang, Qingjie
Tritt, Terry M.
TI Identifying the Specific Nanostructures Responsible for the High
Thermoelectric Performance of (Bi,Sb)(2)Te-3 Nanocomposites
SO NANO LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE (Bi,Sb)(2)Te-3; thermoelectric material; multiscale nanostructures;
inelastic neutron scattering; small angle neutron scattering
ID SMALL-ANGLE SCATTERING; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; FIGURE; MERIT; APPARATUS;
ALLOYS; POWER
AB Herein, we report the synthesis of multiscale nanostructured p-type (Bi,Sb)(2)Te-3 bulk materials by melt-spinning single elements of Bi, Sb, and Te followed by a spark plasma sintering process. The samples that were most optimized with the resulting composition (Bi0.48Sb1.52Te3) and specific nanostructures showed an increase of similar to 50 % or more in the figure of merit, ZT, over that of the commercial bulk material between 280 and 475 K, making it suitable for commercial applications related to both power generation and refrigeration. The results of high-resolution electron microscopy and small angle and inelastic neutron scattering along with corresponding thermoelectric property measurements corroborate that the 10-20 nm nanocrystalline domains with coherent boundaries are the key constituent that accounts for the resulting exceptionally low lattice thermal conductivity and significant improvement of ZT.
C1 [Xie, Wenjie; Tang, Xinfeng; Wang, Shanyu; Zhang, Qingjie] Wuhan Univ Technol, State Key Lab Adv Technol Mat Synth & Proc, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China.
[Xie, Wenjie; He, Jian; Kang, Hye Jung; Zhu, Song; Tritt, Terry M.] Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
[Laver, Mark] Paul Scherrer Inst, Neutron Scattering Lab, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
[Copley, John R. D.; Brown, Craig M.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Tang, XF (reprint author), Wuhan Univ Technol, State Key Lab Adv Technol Mat Synth & Proc, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China.
EM tangxf@whut.edu.cn; ttritt@clemson.edu
RI Wang, Shanyu/G-6175-2013; Brown, Craig/B-5430-2009; Leon-Lugo,
Nathyely/H-5680-2015; XIE, WENJIE/G-5049-2011
OI Brown, Craig/0000-0002-9637-9355; Leon-Lugo,
Nathyely/0000-0001-6576-7040; XIE, WENJIE/0000-0003-1826-7574
FU National Basic Research Program of China [2007CB607501]; Natural Science
Foundation of China [50731006, 50672118]; 111 Project [B07040];
DOE/EPSCoR [DE-FG02-04ER-46139]; SC EPSCoR; National Science Foundation
[DMR-0454672]; China Scholarship Council (CSC) [2008695022]
FX We acknowledge the support of the National Basic Research Program of
China (Grant No. 2007CB607501) and the Natural Science Foundation of
China (Grant No. 50731006 and 50672118) along with 111 Project (Grant
No. B07040). The work at Clemson University is supported by DOE/EPSCoR
Implementation Grant (#DE-FG02-04ER-46139), and the SC EPSCoR cost
sharing program. The work at NIST was supported in part by the National
Science Foundation under Agreement No. DMR-0454672. W.J. Xie would also
like to thank the China Scholarship Council (CSC) for support in the
Form of a partial fellowship (No. 2008695022).
NR 28
TC 222
Z9 223
U1 15
U2 167
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1530-6984
J9 NANO LETT
JI Nano Lett.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 10
IS 9
BP 3283
EP 3289
DI 10.1021/nl100804a
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied;
Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 645WZ
UT WOS:000281498200011
PM 20687520
ER
PT J
AU Scott, CA
Pasqualetti, MJ
AF Scott, Christopher A.
Pasqualetti, Martin J.
TI Energy and Water Resources Scarcity: Critical Infrastructure for Growth
and Economic Development in Arizona and Sonora
SO NATURAL RESOURCES JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on the Water-Energy Conundrum - Water Constraints on New
Energy Development in the Southwest
CY FEB 12, 2010
CL Univ New Mexico Sch Law, Albuquerque, NM
HO Univ New Mexico Sch Law
ID MANAGEMENT; CONSUMPTION; DROUGHT; POLICY; TRADE; NEXUS
AB Climate change, rapid urbanization, and the emerging carbon economy, among other factors, have elevated the energy-water nexus from an operational tool to a new joint-resource management and policy paradigm. Nowhere in North America, and in few regions globally, is this need greater than in the Southwest United States and Northwest Mexico. In the states of Arizona and Sonora, investment is inadequate to meet energy and water infrastructure needs. On par with critical infrastructure in economic development terms, agriculture is likewise energy-intensive and currently consumes the largest share of water resources in both states. The important gains to be made through coupled energy- and water-based conservation, including the potential of certain types of renewable energy development to reduce water requirements for electricity generation, raise questions over conventional plans to rapidly increase investments in infrastructure. The purpose of this paper is to assess the region's energy-water nexus through analysis of data on water supply, electrical power generation, and energy consumption. Four cases are examined to illustrate the coupled nature of policies for energy and water: (1) rapidly growing urban centers; (2) water consumed in power generation and the "virtual water" implications of regional interstate power trade; (3) the irrigation-electrical power nexus in agriculture; and (4) coastal desalination and proposed trans-boundary transfer schemes. The paper concludes that conventional water management for cities has a large and rising energy footprint. Conversely, power generation that is often considered "non-consumptive" in this arid region is a major consumer of water. Similarly, there is a major opportunity for energy and water conservation in groundwater irrigation. Finally, desalination may hold promise, particularly for coastal communities, but current costs and institutional barriers suggest that transboundary transfer of desalinated water for general purposes, including environmental conservation and agriculture, has low feasibility.
C1 [Scott, Christopher A.] Udall Ctr Studies Publ Policy, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Scott, Christopher A.] Univ Arizona, Sch Geog & Dev, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Scott, Christopher A.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Washington, DC USA.
[Scott, Christopher A.] Int Water Management Inst, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
[Pasqualetti, Martin J.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Geog Sci & Urban Planning, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
RP Scott, CA (reprint author), Udall Ctr Studies Publ Policy, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
EM cascott@email.arizona.edu; pasqualetti@asu.edu
RI Scott, Christopher/D-1262-2013
OI Scott, Christopher/0000-0002-6767-0450
NR 78
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 10
U2 61
PU UNIV NEW MEXICO, SCH LAW
PI ALBUQUERQUE
PA MSC11-6070, 1 UNIVERSITY NEW MEXICO, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87131 USA
SN 0028-0739
J9 NAT RESOUR J
JI Nat. Resour. J.
PD FAL
PY 2010
VL 50
IS 3
BP 645
EP 682
PG 38
WC Environmental Studies; Law
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Government & Law
GA 764AC
UT WOS:000290599800005
ER
PT J
AU Demir, E
Cary, MP
Paley, S
Fukuda, K
Lemer, C
Vastrik, I
Wu, GN
D'Eustachio, P
Schaefer, C
Luciano, J
Schacherer, F
Martinez-Flores, I
Hu, ZJ
Jimenez-Jacinto, V
Joshi-Tope, G
Kandasamy, K
Lopez-Fuentes, AC
Mi, HY
Pichler, E
Rodchenkov, I
Splendiani, A
Tkachev, S
Zucker, J
Gopinath, G
Rajasimha, H
Ramakrishnan, R
Shah, I
Syed, M
Anwar, N
Babur, O
Blinov, M
Brauner, E
Corwin, D
Donaldson, S
Gibbons, F
Goldberg, R
Hornbeck, P
Luna, A
Murray-Rust, P
Neumann, E
Reubenacker, O
Samwald, M
van Iersel, M
Wimalaratne, S
Allen, K
Braun, B
Whirl-Carrillo, M
Cheung, KH
Dahlquist, K
Finney, A
Gillespie, M
Glass, E
Gong, L
Haw, R
Honig, M
Hubaut, O
Kane, D
Krupa, S
Kutmon, M
Leonard, J
Marks, D
Merberg, D
Petri, V
Pico, A
Ravenscroft, D
Ren, LY
Shah, N
Sunshine, M
Tang, R
Whaley, R
Letovksy, S
Buetow, KH
Rzhetsky, A
Schachter, V
Sobral, BS
Dogrusoz, U
McWeeney, S
Aladjem, M
Birney, E
Collado-Vides, J
Goto, S
Hucka, M
Le Novere, N
Maltsev, N
Pandey, A
Thomas, P
Wingender, E
Karp, PD
Sander, C
Bader, GD
AF Demir, Emek
Cary, Michael P.
Paley, Suzanne
Fukuda, Ken
Lemer, Christian
Vastrik, Imre
Wu, Guanming
D'Eustachio, Peter
Schaefer, Carl
Luciano, Joanne
Schacherer, Frank
Martinez-Flores, Irma
Hu, Zhenjun
Jimenez-Jacinto, Veronica
Joshi-Tope, Geeta
Kandasamy, Kumaran
Lopez-Fuentes, Alejandra C.
Mi, Huaiyu
Pichler, Elgar
Rodchenkov, Igor
Splendiani, Andrea
Tkachev, Sasha
Zucker, Jeremy
Gopinath, Gopal
Rajasimha, Harsha
Ramakrishnan, Ranjani
Shah, Imran
Syed, Mustafa
Anwar, Nadia
Babur, Oezguen
Blinov, Michael
Brauner, Erik
Corwin, Dan
Donaldson, Sylva
Gibbons, Frank
Goldberg, Robert
Hornbeck, Peter
Luna, Augustin
Murray-Rust, Peter
Neumann, Eric
Reubenacker, Oliver
Samwald, Matthias
van Iersel, Martijn
Wimalaratne, Sarala
Allen, Keith
Braun, Burk
Whirl-Carrillo, Michelle
Cheung, Kei-Hoi
Dahlquist, Kam
Finney, Andrew
Gillespie, Marc
Glass, Elizabeth
Gong, Li
Haw, Robin
Honig, Michael
Hubaut, Olivier
Kane, David
Krupa, Shiva
Kutmon, Martina
Leonard, Julie
Marks, Debbie
Merberg, David
Petri, Victoria
Pico, Alex
Ravenscroft, Dean
Ren, Liya
Shah, Nigam
Sunshine, Margot
Tang, Rebecca
Whaley, Ryan
Letovksy, Stan
Buetow, Kenneth H.
Rzhetsky, Andrey
Schachter, Vincent
Sobral, Bruno S.
Dogrusoz, Ugur
McWeeney, Shannon
Aladjem, Mirit
Birney, Ewan
Collado-Vides, Julio
Goto, Susumu
Hucka, Michael
Le Novere, Nicolas
Maltsev, Natalia
Pandey, Akhilesh
Thomas, Paul
Wingender, Edgar
Karp, Peter D.
Sander, Chris
Bader, Gary D.
TI The BioPAX community standard for pathway data sharing
SO NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SYSTEMS BIOLOGY; COLLABORATIVE CONSTRUCTION; SOFTWARE ENVIRONMENT;
INTERACTION NETWORK; CELLULAR PATHWAYS; REPRESENTATION; ONTOLOGY;
INFORMATION; CANCER; KNOWLEDGEBASE
AB Biological Pathway Exchange (BioPAX) is a standard language to represent biological pathways at the molecular and cellular level and to facilitate the exchange of pathway data. The rapid growth of the volume of pathway data has spurred the development of databases and computational tools to aid interpretation; however, use of these data is hampered by the current fragmentation of pathway information across many databases with incompatible formats. BioPAX, which was created through a community process, solves this problem by making pathway data substantially easier to collect, index, interpret and share. BioPAX can represent metabolic and signaling pathways, molecular and genetic interactions and gene regulation networks. Using BioPAX, millions of interactions, organized into thousands of pathways, from many organisms are available from a growing number of databases. This large amount of pathway data in a computable form will support visualization, analysis and biological discovery. (C) 2010 Nature America, Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Rodchenkov, Igor; Donaldson, Sylva; Bader, Gary D.] Univ Toronto, Banting & Best Dept Med Res, Donnelly Ctr Cellular & Biomol Res, Toronto, ON, Canada.
[Demir, Emek; Cary, Michael P.; Anwar, Nadia; Babur, Oezguen; Sander, Chris] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA.
[Demir, Emek; Babur, Oezguen; Dogrusoz, Ugur] Bilkent Univ, Ctr Bioinformat, Ankara, Turkey.
[Demir, Emek; Babur, Oezguen; Dogrusoz, Ugur] Bilkent Univ, Dept Comp Engn, Ankara, Turkey.
[Mi, Huaiyu; Thomas, Paul] SRI Int, Ctr Artificial Intelligence, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Fukuda, Ken] Japan Sci & Technol Agcy, Inst Bioinformat Res & Dev, Tokyo, Japan.
[Lemer, Christian; Hubaut, Olivier] Univ Libre Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
[Vastrik, Imre; Birney, Ewan; Le Novere, Nicolas] European Bioinformat Inst, Cambridge, England.
[Wu, Guanming; Haw, Robin] Ontario Inst Canc Res, Toronto, ON, Canada.
[D'Eustachio, Peter] NYU, Sch Med, New York, NY USA.
[Schaefer, Carl] NCI, Ctr Biomed Informat & Informat Technol, Rockville, MD USA.
[Luciano, Joanne] Predict Med, Belmont, MA USA.
[Schacherer, Frank; Braun, Burk] BIOBASE Corp, Beverly, MA USA.
[Martinez-Flores, Irma; Jimenez-Jacinto, Veronica; Collado-Vides, Julio] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Ciencias Genom, Cuernavaca 62191, Morelos, Mexico.
[Hu, Zhenjun] Boston Univ, Biomol Syst Lab, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Joshi-Tope, Geeta; Ren, Liya] Cold Spring Harbor Lab, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA.
[Kandasamy, Kumaran; Pandey, Akhilesh] Johns Hopkins Univ, McKusick Nathans Inst Genet Med, Baltimore, MD USA.
[Kandasamy, Kumaran; Pandey, Akhilesh] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Biol Chem, Baltimore, MD USA.
[Kandasamy, Kumaran; Pandey, Akhilesh] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Pathol, Baltimore, MD USA.
[Kandasamy, Kumaran; Pandey, Akhilesh] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Oncol, Baltimore, MD USA.
[Splendiani, Andrea] Univ Rennes 1, Fac Med, Rennes, France.
[Splendiani, Andrea] Rothamsted Res, Harpenden, Herts, England.
[Tkachev, Sasha; Hornbeck, Peter] Cell Signaling Technol Inc, Danvers, MA USA.
[Zucker, Jeremy] Broad Inst, Cambridge, MA USA.
[Gopinath, Gopal] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, Laurel, MD USA.
[Rajasimha, Harsha; Sobral, Bruno S.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Virginia Bioinformat Inst, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Rajasimha, Harsha] NEI, Neurobiol Neurodegenerat & Repair Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Ramakrishnan, Ranjani; McWeeney, Shannon] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Behav Neurosci, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
[Shah, Imran] US Environm Protect Agcy Durham, Durham, NC USA.
[Syed, Mustafa; Glass, Elizabeth; Maltsev, Natalia] Argonne Natl Lab, Math & Comp Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Blinov, Michael] Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Farmington, CT USA.
[Brauner, Erik; Gibbons, Frank] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biol Chem & Mol Pharmacol, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Corwin, Dan] Lexikos Corp, Boston, MA USA.
[Goldberg, Robert] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Biotechnol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Luna, Augustin; Sunshine, Margot; Aladjem, Mirit] NCI, Ctr Canc Res, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Murray-Rust, Peter] Univ Cambridge, Dept Chem, Unilever Ctr Mol Sci Informat, Cambridge CB2 1EW, England.
[Neumann, Eric] Clin Semant Grp, Lexington, MA USA.
[Reubenacker, Oliver] Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Ctr Cell Anal & Modeling, Storrs, CT USA.
[Samwald, Matthias] Natl Univ Ireland, Digital Enterprise Res Inst, Galway, Ireland.
[Samwald, Matthias] Konrad Lorenz Inst Evolut & Cognit Res, Altenberg, Austria.
[van Iersel, Martijn] Maastricht Univ, Dept Bioinformat, Maastricht, Netherlands.
[Wimalaratne, Sarala] Univ Auckland, Auckland 1, New Zealand.
[Allen, Keith; Leonard, Julie] Syngenta Biotech Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
[Whirl-Carrillo, Michelle; Gong, Li; Tang, Rebecca; Whaley, Ryan] Stanford Univ, Dept Genet, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Cheung, Kei-Hoi] Yale Univ, Yale Ctr Med Informat, New Haven, CT USA.
[Dahlquist, Kam] Loyola Marymount Univ, Los Angeles, CA 90045 USA.
[Finney, Andrew] Physiomics PLC, Magdalen Ctr, Oxford, England.
[Gillespie, Marc] St Johns Univ, Jamaica, NY 11439 USA.
[Honig, Michael] Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA.
[Kane, David] SRA Int, Fairfax, VA USA.
[Krupa, Shiva] Novartis Knowledge Ctr, Cambridge, MA USA.
[Kutmon, Martina] Univ Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
[Marks, Debbie] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Syst Biol, Boston, MA USA.
[Merberg, David] Vertex Pharmaceut, Cambridge, MA USA.
[Petri, Victoria] Med Coll Wisconsin, Human & Mol Genet Ctr, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA.
[Pico, Alex] Gladstone Inst Cardiovasc Dis, San Francisco, CA USA.
[Ravenscroft, Dean] Cornell Univ, Dept Genet & Plant Breeding, Ithaca, NY USA.
[Shah, Nigam] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Biomed Informat, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Letovksy, Stan] Millennium Pharmaceut Inc, Computat Sci Informat, Cambridge, MA USA.
[Buetow, Kenneth H.] NCI, Ctr Biomed Informat & Informat Technol, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Rzhetsky, Andrey] Univ Chicago, Inst Genom & Syst Biol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Rzhetsky, Andrey] Argonne Natl Lab, Chicago, IL USA.
[Schachter, Vincent] Total Gas & Power, Paris, France.
[Goto, Susumu] Kyoto Univ, Inst Chem Res, Bioinformat Ctr, Kyoto 606, Japan.
[Hucka, Michael] CALTECH, Biol Network Modeling Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Wingender, Edgar] Dept Bioinformat, Gottingen, Germany.
RP Bader, GD (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Banting & Best Dept Med Res, Donnelly Ctr Cellular & Biomol Res, Toronto, ON, Canada.
EM biopax-paper@biopax.org
RI Haw, Robin/D-1393-2009; van Iersel, Martijn/E-9105-2010; Syed,
Mustafa/A-5252-2011; Bader, Gary/C-1176-2009; Le Novere,
Nicolas/F-9973-2010; sander, chris/H-1452-2011; Hucka,
Michael/B-1896-2012; rzhetsky, andrey/B-6118-2012; Pandey,
Akhilesh/B-4127-2009; Vastrik, Imre/C-2690-2009; Zucker,
Jeremy/M-3643-2016;
OI Birney, Ewan/0000-0001-8314-8497; Fukuda, Ken/0000-0001-7366-1094;
D'Eustachio, Peter/0000-0002-5494-626X; Wingender,
Edgar/0000-0002-7729-8453; Pico, Alexander/0000-0001-5706-2163;
Gillespie, Marc/0000-0002-5766-1702; Haw, Robin/0000-0002-2013-7835;
Kutmon, Martina/0000-0002-7699-8191; Wimalaratne,
Sarala/0000-0002-5355-2576; Karp, Peter/0000-0002-5876-6418; van Iersel,
Martijn/0000-0002-5877-4338; Bader, Gary/0000-0003-0185-8861; Le Novere,
Nicolas/0000-0002-6309-7327; Pandey, Akhilesh/0000-0001-9943-6127;
Zucker, Jeremy/0000-0002-7276-9009; Murray-Rust,
Peter/0000-0003-3386-3972; McWeeney, Shannon/0000-0001-8333-6607; BABUR,
OZGUN/0000-0002-0239-5259; Demir, Emek/0000-0002-3663-7113
FU US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-04ER63931]; caBIG program; US National
Institute of General Medical Sciences workshop [1R13GM076939,
P41HG004118]; US National Human Genome Research Institute and Genome
Canada through the Ontario Genomics Institute [2007-OGI-TD-05]; US
National Institutes of Health [R01GM071962-07]
FX Funded by the US Department of Energy workshop grant DE-FG02-04ER63931,
the caBIG program, the US National Institute of General Medical Sciences
workshop grant 1R13GM076939, grant P41HG004118 from the US National
Human Genome Research Institute and Genome Canada through the Ontario
Genomics Institute (2007-OGI-TD-05) and US National Institutes of Health
grant R01GM071962-07. Thanks to many people who contributed to
discussions on BioPAX mailing lists, at conferences and at BioPAX
workshops, especially A. Ruttenberg and J. Rees.
NR 65
TC 251
Z9 253
U1 5
U2 27
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1087-0156
J9 NAT BIOTECHNOL
JI Nat. Biotechnol.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 28
IS 9
BP 935
EP 942
DI 10.1038/nbt.1666
PG 8
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA 648UF
UT WOS:000281719100019
PM 20829833
ER
PT J
AU Liu, TJ
Hu, J
Qian, B
Fobes, D
Mao, ZQ
Bao, W
Reehuis, M
Kimber, SAJ
Prokes, K
Matas, S
Argyriou, DN
Hiess, A
Rotaru, A
Pham, H
Spinu, L
Qiu, Y
Thampy, V
Savici, AT
Rodriguez, JA
Broholm, C
AF Liu, T. J.
Hu, J.
Qian, B.
Fobes, D.
Mao, Z. Q.
Bao, W.
Reehuis, M.
Kimber, S. A. J.
Prokes, K.
Matas, S.
Argyriou, D. N.
Hiess, A.
Rotaru, A.
Pham, H.
Spinu, L.
Qiu, Y.
Thampy, V.
Savici, A. T.
Rodriguez, J. A.
Broholm, C.
TI From (pi,0) magnetic order to superconductivity with (pi,pi) magnetic
resonance in Fe1.02Te1-xSex
SO NATURE MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID PHASE-DIAGRAM; LAO1-XFXFEAS; COEXISTENCE
AB The iron chalcogenide Fe1+y(Te1-xSex) is structurally the simplest of the Fe-based superconductors(1-3). Although the Fermi surface is similar to iron pnictides(4,5), the parent compound Fe1+y Te exhibits antiferromagnetic order with an in-plane magnetic wave vector (pi,0) (ref. 6). This contrasts the pnictide parent compounds where the magnetic order has an in-plane magnetic wave vector (pi,pi) that connects hole and electron parts of the Fermi surface(7,8). Despite these differences, both the pnictide and chalcogenide Fe superconductors exhibit a superconducting spin resonance around (pi,pi) (refs 9-11). A central question in this burgeoning field is therefore how(pi,pi) superconductivity can emerge from a (pi,0) magnetic instability(12). Here, we report that the magnetic soft mode evolving from the (pi,0)-type magnetic long-range order is associated with weak charge carrier localization. Bulk superconductivity occurs as magnetic correlations at (pi,0) are suppressed and the mode at (pi,pi) becomes dominant for x > 0.29. Our results suggest a common magnetic origin for superconductivity in iron chalcogenide and pnictide superconductors.
C1 [Liu, T. J.; Hu, J.; Qian, B.; Fobes, D.; Mao, Z. Q.] Tulane Univ, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA.
[Bao, W.] Renmin Univ China, Dept Phys, Beijing 100872, Peoples R China.
[Reehuis, M.; Kimber, S. A. J.; Prokes, K.; Matas, S.; Argyriou, D. N.] Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin Mat & Energie, D-14109 Berlin, Germany.
[Hiess, A.] Inst Max Von Laue Paul Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble 9, France.
[Rotaru, A.; Pham, H.; Spinu, L.] Univ New Orleans, Adv Mat Res Inst, New Orleans, LA 70148 USA.
[Rotaru, A.; Pham, H.; Spinu, L.] Univ New Orleans, Dept Phys, New Orleans, LA 70148 USA.
[Qiu, Y.; Rodriguez, J. A.; Broholm, C.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Qiu, Y.; Rodriguez, J. A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20899 USA.
[Thampy, V.; Savici, A. T.; Rodriguez, J. A.; Broholm, C.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Inst Quantum Matter, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Thampy, V.; Savici, A. T.; Rodriguez, J. A.; Broholm, C.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Savici, A. T.] NSSD, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Mao, ZQ (reprint author), Tulane Univ, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA.
EM zmao@tulane.edu; wbao@ruc.edu.cn
RI Hu, Jin/C-4141-2014; Rotaru, Aurelian/C-2871-2011; Broholm,
Collin/E-8228-2011; Bao, Wei/E-9988-2011; 石, 源/D-5929-2012; ruc,
phy/E-4170-2012; LIU, TIJIANG/A-3242-2013; Rodriguez-Rivera,
Jose/A-4872-2013; Savici, Andrei/F-2790-2013; Prokes, Karel/J-5438-2013;
Reehuis, Manfred/J-3383-2013; Fobes, David/E-8526-2014;
OI Hu, Jin/0000-0003-0080-4239; Rotaru, Aurelian/0000-0002-8782-7988;
Broholm, Collin/0000-0002-1569-9892; Bao, Wei/0000-0002-2105-461X;
Rodriguez-Rivera, Jose/0000-0002-8633-8314; Savici,
Andrei/0000-0001-5127-8967; Prokes, Karel/0000-0002-7034-1738; Reehuis,
Manfred/0000-0002-6461-4074; Fobes, David/0000-0001-8252-2061; Kimber,
Simon/0000-0003-0489-1851
FU NSF [DMR-0645305, DMR-0454672]; DOE [DE-FG02-07ER46358,
DE-FG02-08ER46544]; DARPA [HR 0011-09-1-0047]; Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft [SPP 1458, AR 613/1-2]
FX The work at Tulane is supported by the NSF under grant DMR-0645305 for
materials and equipment, and the DOE under DE-FG02-07ER46358 for
personnel. Work at AMRI was supported by DARPA through grant HR
0011-09-1-0047. Work at NIST is in part supported by the NSF under grant
DMR-0454672. Work at the Johns Hopkins University Institute for Quantum
Matter is supported by the DOE under grant DE-FG02-08ER46544. D.N.A. and
K.P. acknowledge the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft for support under
the priority program SPP 1458 and contract AR 613/1-2.
NR 31
TC 171
Z9 173
U1 4
U2 66
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1476-1122
J9 NAT MATER
JI Nat. Mater.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 9
IS 9
BP 716
EP 720
DI 10.1038/NMAT2800
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics,
Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics
GA 642BP
UT WOS:000281178400020
PM 20639892
ER
PT J
AU Biercuk, MJ
Uys, H
Britton, JW
VanDevender, AP
Bollinger, JJ
AF Biercuk, Michael J.
Uys, Hermann
Britton, Joe W.
VanDevender, Aaron P.
Bollinger, John J.
TI Ultrasensitive detection of force and displacement using trapped ions
SO NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID NANOMECHANICAL MOTION; QUANTUM LIMIT; PENNING TRAP; PLASMA; STATE
AB The ability to detect extremely small forces and nanoscale displacements is vital for disciplines such as precision spin-resonance imaging(1), microscopy(2), and tests of fundamental physical phenomena(3-5). Current force-detection sensitivity limits have surpassed 1 aN Hz(-1/2) (refs 6,7) through coupling of nanomechanical resonators to a variety of physical readout systems(1,7-10). Here, we demonstrate that crystals of trapped atomic ions(11,12) behave as nanoscale mechanical oscillators and may form the core of exquisitely sensitive force and displacement detectors. We report the detection of forces with a sensitivity of 390+/-150 yN Hz(-1/2), which is more than three orders of magnitude better than existing reports using nanofabricated devices(7), and discriminate ion displacements of similar to 18 nm. Our technique is based on the excitation of tunable normal motional modes in an ion trap(13) and detection through phase-coherent Doppler velocimetry(14,15), and should ultimately allow force detection with a sensitivity better than 1 yN Hz(-1/2) (ref. 16). Trapped-ion-based sensors could enable scientists to explore new regimes in materials science where augmented force, field and displacement sensitivity may be traded against reduced spatial resolution.
C1 [Biercuk, Michael J.; Uys, Hermann; Britton, Joe W.; VanDevender, Aaron P.; Bollinger, John J.] NIST, Div Time & Frequency, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Biercuk, MJ (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
EM michael.biercuk@sydney.edu.au
RI Biercuk, Michael/B-4768-2010;
OI Britton, Joe/0000-0001-8103-7347
FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA); National Institute of
Standards and Technology (NIST); Intelligence Advanced Research Projects
Activity; Georgia Tech.; Council for Scientific and Industrial
Relations, South Africa
FX The authors thank K. Lehnert, D. Leibfried, D.J. Reilly, T. Rosenband
and D.J. Wineland for useful discussions. Thanks also go to J. Kitching
and U. Warring for their comments on the manuscript. The authors
acknowledge research funding from the Defense Advanced Research Projects
Agency (DARPA), the DARPA Optical Lattice Emulator program, and the
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Quantum
Information Program. M. J. B. acknowledges fellowship support from the
Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity and Georgia Tech. H. U.
acknowledges support from the Council for Scientific and Industrial
Relations, South Africa. This manuscript is a contribution of NIST and
not subject to US copyright.
NR 30
TC 48
Z9 48
U1 0
U2 18
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1748-3387
J9 NAT NANOTECHNOL
JI Nat. Nanotechnol.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 5
IS 9
BP 646
EP 650
DI 10.1038/NNANO.2010.165
PG 5
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 647FO
UT WOS:000281603400009
PM 20729835
ER
PT J
AU Carothers, C
Lew, DK
Sepez, J
AF Carothers, Courtney
Lew, Daniel K.
Sepez, Jennifer
TI Fishing rights and small communities: Alaska halibut IFQ transfer
patterns
SO OCEAN & COASTAL MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
AB In the Alaska halibut individual fishing quota (IFQ) fishery, small remote fishing communities (SRFCs) have disproportionately lost fishing rights. Our analysis of quota market participation from 1995 to 1999 confirms that SRFC residents are more likely to sell than buy quota. Alaska Native heritage is another important predictor of quota market behavior. Residents of Alaska Native villages have an increased likelihood of selling quota. Loss of fisheries participation in small indigenous communities can be an unintended consequence of quota systems. Mitigation measures should take into account the social factors that can lead to such a redistribution of fishing rights in privatized access fisheries. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Carothers, Courtney] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Lew, Daniel K.; Sepez, Jennifer] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Lew, Daniel K.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Carothers, C (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, 905 N Koyukuk Dr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM clcarothers@alaska.edu
OI Lew, Daniel/0000-0002-3394-138X
NR 15
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 2
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0964-5691
J9 OCEAN COAST MANAGE
JI Ocean Coastal Manage.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 53
IS 9
BP 518
EP 523
DI 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2010.04.014
PG 6
WC Oceanography; Water Resources
SC Oceanography; Water Resources
GA 665EU
UT WOS:000283018800003
ER
PT J
AU Sabine, CL
Ducklow, H
Hood, M
AF Sabine, Christopher L.
Ducklow, Hugh
Hood, Maria
TI INTERNATIONAL CARBON COORDINATION Roger Revelle's Legacy in the
intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission
SO OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID OCEANIC CO2 INCREASE; ANTHROPOGENIC CO2; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; BUDGET; SINK;
DIOXIDE; PCO(2); FLUX
AB Since its inception in 1960, the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) has been responsible for organizing and coordinating the scientific investigation of ocean carbon. Roger Revelle (Scripps Institution of Oceanography) first articulated the principal need for international and intergovernmental coordination to address global-scale problems such as climate change when IOC was first developed. Regional to global-scale carbon studies started in earnest with the International Decade of Ocean Exploration (I DOE) and Geochemical Ocean Sections Study (GEOSECS) programs in the 1970s, but they were hampered by technological barriers that limited both the precision of carbon system measurements and the greater sampling frequency needed for a comprehensive global view. In 1979, IOC established the Committee on Climate Change and the Ocean (CCCO) with Revelle as Chair. CCCO called for a carbon observation program and sampling strategy that could determine the global oceanic CO, inventory to an accuracy of 10-20 petagrams of carbon (Pg C). Perfection of the coulometric analysis technique of total dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in seawater by Ken Johnson (University of Rhode Island) and introduction of certified reference materials for DIC and alkalinity by Andrew Dickson (Scripps Institution of Oceanography) made such a study possible. The first global survey of ocean CO, was carried out under the joint sponsorship of IOC and the Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research (SCOR) in the Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS) and the World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE) in the 1990s. With these programs and underway pCO(2) measuring systems on research vessels and ships of opportunity, ocean carbon data grew exponentially, reaching about a million total measurements by 2002 when Taro Takahashi (Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory) and others provided the first robust mapping of surface ocean CO2. Using a new approach developed by Nicolas Gruber (ETH Zurich) and colleagues with JGOFS-WOCE and other synthesized data sets, one of this article's authors (Sabine) with a host of coauthors estimated that the total accumulation of anthropogenic CO2 between 1800 and 1994 was 118 19 Pg C, just within the uncertainty goals set by JGOFS and IOC prior to the global survey. Today, ocean carbon activities are coordinated through the International Ocean Carbon Coordination Project (IOCCP). Ocean carbon measurements now accumulate at a rate of over a million measurements per year matching the total number achieved over the first three decades of ocean carbon studies. IOCCP is actively working to combine these data into uniform data sets that the community can use to better understand ocean carbon uptake and storage. The problem of ocean acidification caused by uptake of anthropogenic CO, is now a major target of IOC and IOCCP.
C1 [Sabine, Christopher L.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Ducklow, Hugh] Marine Biol Lab, Ctr Ecosyst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Hood, Maria] UNESCO, CO2 Advisory Panel & Int Ocean Carbon Coordinat, Paris, France.
RP Sabine, CL (reprint author), NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way Ne, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM chris.sabine@noaa.gov
RI Wright, Dawn/A-4518-2011
OI Wright, Dawn/0000-0002-2997-7611
FU IOC; SCOR; US National Science Foundation [OCE-0715161, OCE-0608600]
FX IOC's ocean carbon activities are funded through IOC and SCOR, with
major financial support provided by the US National Science Foundation
through a grant to UNESCO-IOC (OCE-0715161) and a grant to the
Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research (OCE-0608600) for IOCCP. The
activities also benefit from generous in-kind contributions from NOAA
and national carbon programs in Japan and the EU. This is NOAA/PMEL
publication number 3523.
NR 41
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 7
PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC
PI ROCKVILLE
PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA
SN 1042-8275
J9 OCEANOGRAPHY
JI Oceanography
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 23
IS 3
BP 48
EP 61
DI 10.5670/oceanog.2010.23
PG 14
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 649FC
UT WOS:000281752200010
ER
PT J
AU Peterson, B
Cyr, N
AF Peterson, Bill
Cyr, Ned
TI The Role of IOC in Promoting Cooperative Research on Marine Ecosystems
and Living Marine Resources
SO OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID INDIAN-OCEAN; DIVERSITY; PROGRAM; CONUS
C1 [Peterson, Bill] Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA Fisheries, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Cyr, Ned] NOAA Fisheries, Off Sci & Technol, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Peterson, B (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA Fisheries, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
EM bill.peterson@noaa.gov
NR 24
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC
PI ROCKVILLE
PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA
SN 1042-8275
J9 OCEANOGRAPHY
JI Oceanography
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 23
IS 3
BP 62
EP 71
PG 10
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 649FC
UT WOS:000281752200011
ER
PT J
AU McPhaden, MJ
Busalacchi, AJ
Anderson, DLT
AF McPhaden, Michael J.
Busalacchi, Antonio J.
Anderson, David L. T.
TI A TOGA RETROSPECTIVE
SO OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; ATMOSPHERE RESPONSE EXPERIMENT; EL
NINO/SOUTHERN OSCILLATION; EQUATORIAL PACIFIC-OCEAN; INDIAN-OCEAN;
INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; TROPICAL PACIFIC;
GENERAL-CIRCULATION; CLIMATE MODELS
AB The Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere (TOGA) program was a 10-year international climate research effort carried out between 1985 and 1994 under the auspices of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP). TOGA'S goals were to determine the predictability of the coupled ocean-atmosphere system in the tropics on seasonal-to-interannual time scales, to understand the mechanisms responsible for that predictability, and to establish an observing system to support climate prediction. The US contribution to TOGA focused mainly on the El Nino/ Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon, which is the most prominent climate signal on seasonal-to-interannual time scales. One of TOGA's great strengths was that it forged the three fields of observation, theory, and modeling into a coherent program. TOGA also included climate impact studies from the very beginning by collaborating with scientists outside the field of physical climate research. This article highlights some key successes of TOGA and assesses its legacy from a perspective of progress over the past 15 years. It also celebrates the fiftieth anniversary of the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IC), established within the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization to promote international cooperation in marine research, services, and observations. 10C, together with the World Meteorological Organization and the International Council of Science, co-sponsored not only TOGA, but also antecedent and follow-on climate research programs under WCRP. The continuity of these research programs over the time span of decades is one of the reasons for their long-term successes.
C1 [McPhaden, Michael J.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Busalacchi, Antonio J.] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Anderson, David L. T.] Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, England.
RP McPhaden, MJ (reprint author), NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way Ne, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM michael.j.mcphaden@noaa.gov
RI McPhaden, Michael/D-9799-2016
NR 92
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 11
PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC
PI ROCKVILLE
PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA
SN 1042-8275
J9 OCEANOGRAPHY
JI Oceanography
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 23
IS 3
BP 86
EP 103
DI 10.5670/oceanog.2010.26
PG 18
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 649FC
UT WOS:000281752200013
ER
PT J
AU Glover, DM
Wiebe, PH
Chandler, CL
Levitus, S
AF Glover, David M.
Wiebe, Peter H.
Chandler, Cynthia L.
Levitus, Sydney
TI IOC CONTRIBUTIONS TO INTERNATIONAL, INTERDISCIPLINARY OPEN DATA SHARING
SO OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Glover, David M.; Wiebe, Peter H.; Chandler, Cynthia L.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Levitus, Sydney] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Ocean Data Ctr Ocean Climate Lab, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Glover, DM (reprint author), Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM dglover@whoi.edu
RI Wright, Dawn/A-4518-2011
OI Wright, Dawn/0000-0002-2997-7611
NR 16
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 10
PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC
PI ROCKVILLE
PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA
SN 1042-8275
J9 OCEANOGRAPHY
JI Oceanography
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 23
IS 3
BP 140
EP 151
PG 12
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 649FC
UT WOS:000281752200016
ER
PT J
AU Chu, JY
Wang, QD
Lehan, JP
Gao, GJ
Griesmann, U
AF Chu, Jiyoung
Wang, Quandou
Lehan, John P.
Gao, Guangjun
Griesmann, Ulf
TI Spatially resolved height response of phase-shifting interferometers
measured using a patterned mirror with varying spatial frequency
SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE interferometry; spatial frequency; height response
ID LASER FIZEAU INTERFEROMETER
AB In the performance evaluation of phase-shifting interferometers for figure metrology, the height response, or height transfer function, is rarely taken into consideration, because in most applications smooth surfaces are measured and only the lowest spatial frequencies are of interest. For measurements with low uncertainty it is important to understand the height response as a function of the spatial-frequency content of a surface under test, in particular when it contains form-error components with frequencies at the high end of an interferometer's spatial-frequency passband. A mirror with a patterned area of 140-mm diameter, consisting of several subpatterns with varying spatial frequency, was used to evaluate the spectral response. Our goal was to develop a method for efficient mapping of the spectral response over the circular field of view of a phase-shifting interferometer. A new way of representing the dependence of the spectral response on the field of view of an interferometer is described. (C) 2010 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. [DOI: 10.1117/1.3488052]
C1 [Chu, Jiyoung; Wang, Quandou; Gao, Guangjun; Griesmann, Ulf] NIST, Mfg Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Chu, Jiyoung] Samsung Elect Co, Suwon, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea.
[Lehan, John P.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA.
[Lehan, John P.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Gao, Guangjun] Natl Univ Singapore, Div Bioengn, Singapore 117574, Singapore.
RP Chu, JY (reprint author), NIST, Mfg Engn Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM ulf.griesmann@nist.gov
NR 11
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA
SN 0091-3286
EI 1560-2303
J9 OPT ENG
JI Opt. Eng.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 49
IS 9
AR 095601
DI 10.1117/1.3488052
PG 7
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 656VY
UT WOS:000282370400027
ER
PT J
AU Glauber, RJ
Orozco, LA
Vogel, K
Schleich, WP
Walther, H
AF Glauber, R. J.
Orozco, L. A.
Vogel, K.
Schleich, W. P.
Walther, H.
TI Field fluctuations measured by interferometry
SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Central European Workshop on Quantum Optics
CY MAY 23-27, 2009
CL Turku, FINLAND
ID PROBABILITY-DISTRIBUTIONS; OPTICAL NETWORK; QUANTUM PHASE; LIGHT;
SUPERPOSITIONS; STATES
AB We derive the complete photon count statistics of an interferometer based on two beam splitters. As a special case we consider a joint intensity-electric field measurement. Our approach is based on the transformation properties of state vectors as well as field operators at a beam splitter.
C1 [Glauber, R. J.] Harvard Univ, Lyman Lab, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Orozco, L. A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Orozco, L. A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Vogel, K.; Schleich, W. P.] Univ Ulm, Inst Quantenphys, D-89069 Ulm, Germany.
[Walther, H.] Max Planck Inst Quantum Opt, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Walther, H.] Univ Munich, Sekt Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
RP Glauber, RJ (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Lyman Lab, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM glauber@physics.harvard.edu; karl.vogel@uni-ulm.de
RI Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD/H-4494-2011
NR 47
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 6
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0031-8949
EI 1402-4896
J9 PHYS SCRIPTA
JI Phys. Scr.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL T140
AR 014002
DI 10.1088/0031-8949/2010/T140/014002
PG 7
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 686JW
UT WOS:000284693600004
ER
PT J
AU Ruff, JPC
Gaulin, BD
Rule, KC
Gardner, JS
AF Ruff, J. P. C.
Gaulin, B. D.
Rule, K. C.
Gardner, J. S.
TI Superlattice correlations in Tb2Ti2O7 under the application of [110]
magnetic field
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID PYROCHLORE ANTIFERROMAGNET TB2TI2O7; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; SPIN LIQUID;
STATE
AB We report an analysis of neutron diffraction from single crystals of the spin-liquid pyrochlore Tb2Ti2O7 under the application of magnetic fields along the crystallographic [110] direction. Such a perturbation has been shown to destroy the spin-liquid ground state and induce long-range order, although the nature of the ordered state was not immediately determined. Recently, it has been proposed that the ordered state is characterized by spin-ice-like correlations, evincing an emergent ferromagnetic tendency in this material despite the large negative Curie-Weiss constant. Here, we argue instead that the ordered state is dominated by Q not equal 0 correlations that emerge either from strong antiferromagnetism or magnetoelastic distortion of the crystal. In contrast to previous reports, we observe no evidence for re-entrant behavior in the high-field limit. Extreme sensitivity of the ordered state to the alignment of the applied field is suggested to account for these discrepancies.
C1 [Ruff, J. P. C.; Gaulin, B. D.] McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
[Gaulin, B. D.] McMaster Univ, Brockhouse Inst Mat Res, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
[Gaulin, B. D.] Canadian Inst Adv Res, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada.
[Rule, K. C.] Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin Mat & Energie, D-14109 Berlin, Germany.
[Gardner, J. S.] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Gardner, J. S.] Indiana Univ, Dept Phys, Bloomington, IN 47408 USA.
RP Ruff, JPC (reprint author), McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
RI Piper, Walter/B-7908-2009; Gardner, Jason/A-1532-2013
FU NSERC of Canada
FX The authors would like to thank Pat Clancy and Michel Gingras for useful
discussions and a critical reading of the manuscript, and acknowledge
the contributions of John Copley and Yiming Qiu to the measurements
performed at DCS. This work was supported by NSERC of Canada.
NR 25
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD SEP 1
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 10
AR 100401
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.100401
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 645JE
UT WOS:000281450400001
ER
PT J
AU O'Corry-Crowe, G
Lydersen, C
Heide-Jorgensen, MP
Hansen, L
Mukhametov, LM
Dove, O
Kovacs, KM
AF O'Corry-Crowe, Gregory
Lydersen, Christian
Heide-Jorgensen, Mads Peter
Hansen, Lauren
Mukhametov, Lev M.
Dove, Outi
Kovacs, Kit M.
TI Population genetic structure and evolutionary history of North Atlantic
beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) from West Greenland, Svalbard and
the White Sea
SO POLAR BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE White whale; Population structure; mtDNA; Microsatellites; Isolation
with migration; Climate
ID MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD-ESTIMATION; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA;
MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; MIGRATION RATES; AMERICAN POPULATIONS; COALESCENT
APPROACH; AUTUMN MOVEMENTS; BOWHEAD WHALES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BEAUFORT SEA
AB Population structure in many Arctic marine mammal species reflects a dynamic interplay between physical isolating mechanisms and the extent to which dispersal opportunities are met. We examined variation within mtDNA and eight microsatellite markers to investigate population structure and demographic history in beluga whales in the North Atlantic. Genetic heterogeneity was observed between Svalbard and West Greenland that reveals limited gene flow over ecological time scales. Differentiation was also recorded between Atlantic belugas and two previously studied populations in the North Pacific, the Beaufort Sea and Gulf of Alaska. However, Bayesian cluster analysis of the nDNA data identified two population clusters that did not correspond to the respective ocean basins, as predicted, but to: (1) Arctic (Svalbard-White Sea-Greenland-Beaufort Sea) and (2) Subarctic (Gulf of Alaska) regions. Similarly, the deepest phylogeographic signal was between the Arctic populations and the Gulf of Alaska. Fitting an isolation-with-migration model yielded genetic abundance estimates that match census estimates and revealed that Svalbard and the Beaufort Sea likely diverged 7,600-35,400 years ago but have experienced recurrent periods with gene flow since then, most likely via the Russian Arctic during subsequent warm periods. Considering current projections of continued sea ice losses in the Arctic, this study identified likely routes of future contact among extant beluga populations, and other mobile marine species, which have implications for genetic introgression, health, ecology and behavior.
C1 [O'Corry-Crowe, Gregory] Florida Atlantic Univ, Harbor Branch, Oceanog Inst, Ft Pierce, FL 34946 USA.
[O'Corry-Crowe, Gregory; Hansen, Lauren] SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Lydersen, Christian; Dove, Outi; Kovacs, Kit M.] Norwegian Polar Res Inst, N-9296 Tromso, Norway.
[Heide-Jorgensen, Mads Peter] Greenland Inst Nat Resources, Nuuk 3900, Greenland.
[Mukhametov, Lev M.] Severtsov Inst Ecol & Evolut, Moscow 117071, Russia.
RP O'Corry-Crowe, G (reprint author), Florida Atlantic Univ, Harbor Branch, Oceanog Inst, Ft Pierce, FL 34946 USA.
EM gocorryc@hboi.fau.edu
FU U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service; Norwegian Polar Institute,
(Tromso, Norway)
FX We thank the U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service and the Norwegian
Polar Institute, (Tromso, Norway) for providing logistical and financial
support. Thanks also to Magnus Andersen, Mike Fedak, Colin Hunter and
Ole Anders Nost who helped with the collection of tissue samples.
Special thanks are extended to Carolina Bonin and Amy Frey for
conducting much of the lab work, and to Barbara Taylor, Leader of the
Population Identity Program at the Southwest Fisheries Science Center
for providing laboratory facilities. The Beaufort Sea and Gulf of Alaska
samples are part of a large study of Nearctic belugas conducted in
collaboration with the Alaska Beluga Whale Committee, Barbara Mahoney,
Robert Suydam, Rod Hobbs and Lois Harwood. Thanks to Per Palsboll and
two anonymous reviewers who provided valuable criticism that resulted in
a greatly improved final paper. HBOI contribution no. 1810.
NR 77
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 61
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0722-4060
EI 1432-2056
J9 POLAR BIOL
JI Polar Biol.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 33
IS 9
BP 1179
EP 1194
DI 10.1007/s00300-010-0807-y
PG 16
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 637FQ
UT WOS:000280802000003
ER
PT J
AU Tan, KT
White, CC
Benatti, DJ
Hunston, DL
AF Tan, K. T.
White, C. C.
Benatti, D. J.
Hunston, D. L.
TI Effects of ultraviolet radiation, temperature and moisture on aging of
coatings and sealants - A chemical and rheological study
SO POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
LA English
DT Article
DE Aging; Chemorheological tool; Coatings; Degradation; SBS; Sealants
ID PHOTOOXIDATION; STYRENE; COPOLYMER
AB Photodegradation of polymeric materials leads to significant modifications in both chemical properties and mechanical-rheological behaviors over time. Thus, it is important to characterize both properties to gain a better understanding of the durability of the materials. In this contribution, the chemorheological tools based upon Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) were used to study the effects of temperature and moisture on photodegradation of a model sealant/coating system based upon a styrene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer. Specimens were exposed coincidentally to ultraviolet-visible radiation between 295 nm and 600 nm, and one of four different combinations of temperature and relative humidity (RH), i.e., (a) 30 degrees C and <1% RH, (b) 30 degrees C and 80% RH, (c) 55 degrees C and <1% RH, and (d) 55 degrees C and 80% RH. The rate of photodegradation was examined in terms of formation of oxidation species and evolution of mechanical-rheological data, including glass transition temperatures, moduli, and the number of effective crosslinked butadiene chains per unit volume per exposure time. Environmental exposure resulted in similar degradation modes for all four environments but the rate of photodegradation was found to depend strongly on temperature. Conversely, the role of moisture on photodegradation was not significant. The study shows that chemical modification can be directly related to the corresponding rheological modifications. In addition, the relative stability of styrene and butadiene against photodegradation as a function of temperature and moisture was compared. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Tan, K. T.; White, C. C.; Benatti, D. J.; Hunston, D. L.] NIST, Bldg & Fire Res Lab, Mat & Construct Res Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP White, CC (reprint author), NIST, Bldg & Fire Res Lab, Mat & Construct Res Div, 100 Bur Dr,MS 8615, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM kar.tan@nist.gov; christopher.white@nist.gov
FU NIST/industry consortium entitled the Service Life Prediction of Sealant
Materials
FX The support from a NIST/industry consortium entitled the Service Life
Prediction of Sealant Materials is greatly appreciated. Participating
companies include DAP, Degussa, Dow Corning, Kaneka Texas, SIKA, Solvay,
Tremco and Wacker Silicones. Technical assistances from Jason Garver and
Arthur Ellison are highly appreciated. Kraton Polymer, Inc. is
gratefully acknowledged for supplying the study material.
NR 30
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 13
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0141-3910
J9 POLYM DEGRAD STABIL
JI Polym. Degrad. Stabil.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 95
IS 9
BP 1551
EP 1556
DI 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2010.06.008
PG 6
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 644IV
UT WOS:000281369500015
ER
PT J
AU Davis, R
Chin, J
Lin, CC
Petit, S
AF Davis, Rick
Chin, Joannie
Lin, Chiao-Chi
Petit, Sylvain
TI Accelerated weathering of polyaramid and polybenzimidazole firefighter
protective clothing fabrics
SO POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
LA English
DT Article
DE Polyaramid; Polybenzimidazole; Firefighter; Accelerated weathering
ID ARAMID FIBERS; FUEL-CELLS; DEGRADATION
AB Exposure to simulated ultraviolet sunlight at 50 degrees C and 50% relative humidity caused a significant deterioration in the mechanical performance of polyaramid and polyaramid/polybenzimidazole based outer shell fabrics used in firefighter jacket and pants. After 13 days of exposure to these conditions the tear resistance and tensile strength of both fabrics decreased by more than 40%. The polybenzimidazole containing fabric was less impacted by these conditions as it maintained approximately 20% more of its mechanical properties. These conditions also significantly degraded a water repellant coating on the fabric, which is critical to the water absorption performance of the outer shell fabrics. However, these conditions had little impact on the ultraviolet light protection of the outer shell as both fabrics still blocked 94% of ultraviolet light after 13 days of exposure. Confocal microscopy showed these conditions caused significant surface decomposition of and the switch from ductile to brittle failure of the polyaramid fibers. Cleavage of the amide linkages and the formation of oxidation species (as observed by Infrared spectroscopy) suggested these conditions caused photo-oxidation of the polyaramid fibers. There was little evidence of polybenzimidazole fiber degradation. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Davis, Rick; Chin, Joannie; Lin, Chiao-Chi; Petit, Sylvain] NIST, Bldg & Fire Res Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Davis, R (reprint author), NIST, Bldg & Fire Res Lab, 100 Bur Dr,MS-8665, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM rick.davis@nist.gov
NR 26
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 22
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0141-3910
J9 POLYM DEGRAD STABIL
JI Polym. Degrad. Stabil.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 95
IS 9
BP 1642
EP 1654
DI 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2010.05.029
PG 13
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 644IV
UT WOS:000281369500026
ER
PT J
AU Fang, J
Burghardt, WR
Bubeck, RA
Burgard, SM
Fischer, DA
AF Fang, Jun
Burghardt, Wesley R.
Bubeck, Robert A.
Burgard, Susan M.
Fischer, Daniel A.
TI Bulk and Surface Molecular Orientation Distribution in Injection-Molded
Liquid Crystalline Polymers: Experiment and Simulation
SO POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; X-RAY-SCATTERING; CLOSURE APPROXIMATIONS;
COPOLYESTER MOLDINGS; NEMATIC POLYMERS; CHANNEL FLOWS; COMPLEX FLOW;
SHEAR; REFLECTION; TRANSIENT
AB Bulk and surface distributions of molecular orientation in injection-molded plaques of thermotropic liquid crystalline polymers (TLCPs) have been studied using a combination of techniques, coordinated with process simulations using the Larson-Doi "polydomain" model. Wide-angle X-ray scattering was used to map out the bulk orientation distribution. Fourier Transform Infrared Attenuated Total Reflectance (FTIR-ATR) and Near-Edge X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (NEXAFS) were utilized to probe the molecular orientation states to within about similar to 5 mu m and similar to 2 nm, respectively, of the sample surface. These noninvasive, surface-sensitive techniques yield reasonable self-consistency, providing complementary validation of the robustness of these methods. An analogy between Larson-Doi and fiber orientation models has allowed the first simulations of TLCP injection molding. The simulations capture many fine details in the bulk orientation distribution across the sample plaque. Direct simulation of surface orientation at the level probed by FTIR-ATR and NEXAFS was not possible due to the limited spatial resolution of the simulations. However, simulation results extracted from the shear-dominant skin region are found to provide a qualitatively accurate indicator of surface orientation. Finally, simulations capture the relation between bulk and surface orientation states across the different regions of the sample plaque. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 50:1864-1877, 2010. (C) 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers
C1 [Fang, Jun; Burghardt, Wesley R.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Bubeck, Robert A.; Burgard, Susan M.] Michigan Mol Inst, Midland, MI 48640 USA.
[Burgard, Susan M.] Saginaw Valley State Univ, University Ctr, MI 48710 USA.
[Fischer, Daniel A.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Burghardt, WR (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
EM w-burghardt@northwestern.edu
RI Burghardt, Wesley/B-7642-2009
FU National Science Foundation [DMI-0521771, 0521823]; U.S. Department of
Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Energy [W-31-102-Eng-38]
FX Contract grant sponsor: National Science Foundation; contract grant
numbers: DMI-0521771, 0521823.; The NEXAFS experiments were carried out
at the NIST/Dow Soft X-ray Materials Characterization Facility at beam
line U7A at the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National
Laboratory, which is supported by the United States Department of
Energy, Division of Materials Sciences and Chemical Sciences. Wideangle
X-ray scattering experiments were conducted at the
DuPont-Northwestern-Dow Collaborative Access Team (DND-CAT) Synchrotron
Research Center located at Sector 5 of the Advanced Photon Source of
Argonne National Laboratory. DND-CAT is supported by the E.I. DuPont de
Nemours & Co., the Dow Chemical Company, and the National Science
Foundation through Grant DMR9304725 and the State of Illinois through
the Department of Commerce and the Board of Higher Education Grant IBHE
HECA NINU 96. Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the
U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Energy
Research, under Contract No. W-31-102-Eng-38. The authors thank Lowell
Thomas (M.M.I.) for his assistance in sample fabrication, Kathey
Robertson (M.M.I.) and Dick Nyquist for their assistance in the IR
measurements and the assignment of absorption bands, and Judy Eastland
(M.M.I.) for library support. The authors thank Ticona for their kind
donation of Vectra A950. Certain commercial equipment is identified in
the article in order to adequately specify the experimental procedure.
In no case does such identification imply recommendation or endorsement
by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, nor does it imply
that the items identified are necessarily the best available for the
purpose.
NR 35
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 7
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0032-3888
J9 POLYM ENG SCI
JI Polym. Eng. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 50
IS 9
BP 1864
EP 1877
DI 10.1002/pen.21710
PG 14
WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science
SC Engineering; Polymer Science
GA 641KI
UT WOS:000281123700018
ER
PT J
AU Liu, LJ
Liu, DM
Huang, QZ
Zhang, TL
Zhang, L
Yue, M
Lynn, JW
Zhang, JX
AF Liu, L. J.
Liu, D. M.
Huang, Q. Z.
Zhang, T. L.
Zhang, L.
Yue, M.
Lynn, J. W.
Zhang, J. X.
TI Neutron diffraction study of the magnetic refrigerant
Mn1.1Fe0.9P0.76Ge0.24
SO POWDER DIFFRACTION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Chinese National Conference on X-Ray Diffraction/ICDD Workshop
CY OCT 12-15, 2009
CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA
SP Comm Powder Diffract, Chinese Soc Crystallograp, Comm X-ray Diffraction, Chinese Soc Physics, Natl Nat Sci Fdn China, Int Ctr Diffract Data, Beijing Ceramic Soc, Shanghai Jiaotong Univ, Shangai Inst Ceramic
DE neutron diffraction; crystal structure; magnetic refrigerant
ID ROOM-TEMPERATURE
AB Polycrystalline Mn1.1Fe0.9P0.76Ge0.24 was prepared by mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering. Neutron diffraction was used to determine the structure of the title compound, and its nuclear and magnetic structures were refined using the Rietveld method. It is found that temperature and magnetic field can induce phase transition between the paramagnetic and the ferromagnetic phases in the material, and the paramagnetic and ferromagnetic phases have very distinct crystal structures and different Ge contents. (C) 2010 International Centre for Diffraction Data. [DOT: 10.1154/1.3478986]
C1 [Liu, L. J.; Liu, D. M.; Zhang, T. L.; Zhang, L.] Beijing Univ Technol, Inst Microstruct & Property Adv Mat, Beijing 100124, Peoples R China.
[Huang, Q. Z.; Lynn, J. W.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Yue, M.; Zhang, J. X.] Beijing Univ Technol, Coll Mat Sci & Engn, Beijing 100124, Peoples R China.
RP Liu, DM (reprint author), Beijing Univ Technol, Inst Microstruct & Property Adv Mat, Beijing 100124, Peoples R China.
EM dmliu@bjut.edu.cn
NR 8
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 8
PU J C P D S-INT CENTRE DIFFRACTION DATA
PI NEWTOWN SQ
PA 12 CAMPUS BLVD, NEWTOWN SQ, PA 19073-3273 USA
SN 0885-7156
J9 POWDER DIFFR
JI Powder Diffr.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 3
SU 1
BP S25
EP S27
DI 10.1154/1.3478986
PG 3
WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
SC Materials Science
GA 657BS
UT WOS:000282386800007
ER
PT J
AU Tretyakov, KV
Todua, NG
Borisov, RS
Zaikin, VG
Stein, SE
Mikaia, AI
AF Tretyakov, Kirill V.
Todua, Nino G.
Borisov, Roman S.
Zaikin, Vladimir G.
Stein, Stephen E.
Mikaia, Anzor I.
TI Unique para-effect in electron ionization mass spectra of
bis(perfluoroacyl) derivatives of bifunctional aminobenzenes
SO RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Article
AB A new kind of 'para-effect' under electron ionization (EI) conditions has been discovered for a series of bis(perfluoroacyl) derivatives of o-, m- and p-phenylenediamines, -hydroxybenzeneamines and -mercaptobenzeneamines of a common structure RCOX C(6)H(4) NHCOR (X = NH, S, O; R = CF(3), C(2)F(5), C(3)F(7)). Only the para-isomers showed successive loss of a radical RCO(center dot) and a molecule RCN, leading to very intense peaks in the EI spectra. The composition and the origin of the [M-COR-NCR](+) ions were confirmed by exact mass measurements and linked scan experiments. The proposed mechanism of their formation takes into account likely para-quinoid structures of the precursor ions. A similar rearrangement has not been observed for para-isomers in the series of bis(perfluoroacyl) derivatives of benze-nediols, mercaptophenols and dimercaptobenzenes. Published in (C) 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Tretyakov, Kirill V.; Todua, Nino G.; Stein, Stephen E.; Mikaia, Anzor I.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Borisov, Roman S.; Zaikin, Vladimir G.] RAS, AV Topchiev Petrochem Synth Inst, Moscow 117901, Russia.
RP Tretyakov, KV (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8320, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM kirill.tretyakov@nist.gov
FU Intramural NIST DOC [9999-NIST]
NR 5
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 3
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 0951-4198
J9 RAPID COMMUN MASS SP
JI Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 24
IS 17
BP 2529
EP 2532
DI 10.1002/rcm.4661
PG 4
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA 644ED
UT WOS:000281355000006
PM 20740526
ER
PT J
AU Mann, JL
Kelly, WR
AF Mann, Jacqueline L.
Kelly, W. Robert
TI Measurement of the delta S-34 value in methionine by double spike
multi-collector thermal ionization mass spectrometry using Carius tube
digestiont
SO RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Article
ID ISOTOPE REFERENCE MATERIALS; S-33-S-36 DOUBLE SPIKE; STABLE-ISOTOPE;
IAEA SULFUR; HOMOCYSTEINE; METABOLISM; FRACTIONATION; MOLYBDENUM;
METEORITES; ABUNDANCES
AB Methionine is an essential amino acid and is the primary source of sulfur for humans. Using the double spike (S-33-S-36) multi-collector thermal ionization mass spectrometry (MC-TIMS) technique, three sample bottles of a methionine material obtained from the Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements have been measured for delta S-34 and sulfur concentration. The mean delta S-34 value, relative to Vienna Canyon Diablo Troilite (VCDT), determined was 10.34 +/- 0.11 parts per thousand (n = 9) with the uncertainty reported as expanded uncertainties (U). These delta S-34 measurements include a correction for blank which has been previously ignored in studies of sulfur isotopic composition. The sulfur concentrations for the three bottles range from 56 to 88 mu g/g. The isotope composition and concentration results demonstrate the high accuracy and precision of the DS-MC-TIMS technique for measuring sulfur in methionine. Published in (C) 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Mann, Jacqueline L.; Kelly, W. Robert] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Inorgan Chem Metrol Grp, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Mann, JL (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Inorgan Chem Metrol Grp, Div Analyt Chem, 100 Bur Dr,MS8391, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jmann@nist.gov
NR 40
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 10
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0951-4198
J9 RAPID COMMUN MASS SP
JI Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 24
IS 17
BP 2673
EP 2679
DI 10.1002/rcm.4686
PG 7
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA 644ED
UT WOS:000281355000025
PM 20740545
ER
PT J
AU Ballance, LT
Whitty, T
AF Ballance, Lisa T.
Whitty, Tara
TI Ecosystem-Based Management for the Oceans
SO RESTORATION ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Ballance, Lisa T.] NOAA, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Ballance, Lisa T.; Whitty, Tara] Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Ballance, LT (reprint author), NOAA, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM Lisa.Ballance@noaa.gov
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 4
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1061-2971
J9 RESTOR ECOL
JI Restor. Ecol.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 18
IS 5
BP 780
EP 781
PG 2
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 646OS
UT WOS:000281552500018
ER
PT J
AU Gerbig, YB
Stranick, SJ
Cook, RF
AF Gerbig, Yvonne B.
Stranick, Stephan J.
Cook, Robert F.
TI Measurement of residual stress field anisotropy at indentations in
silicon
SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Nanoindentation; Raman spectroscopy; Silicon; Residual stresses
ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; SINGLE-CRYSTAL SILICON;
PHASE-TRANSFORMATIONS; CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC ORIENTATION; CARRIER MOBILITY;
SI; DEFORMATION; HARDNESS; NANOINDENTATION; TRANSITION
AB The residual stress field around spherical indentations on single-crystal silicon of different crystallographic orientations is mapped by Raman microscopy. All orientations exhibit an anisotropic stress pattern with an orientation specific symmetry that can be related to the number and type of the active {111}< 110 > slip systems Residual compressive stress is concentrated in lobes oriented along the projection onto the indented plane of the activated slip plane normal and tensile stress regions are arranged alternating with the compressive stress lobes Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc
C1 [Gerbig, Yvonne B.; Cook, Robert F.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Ceram, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Stranick, Stephan J.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Surface & Microanal Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Gerbig, YB (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Ceram, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 41
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 13
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6462
J9 SCRIPTA MATER
JI Scr. Mater.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 63
IS 5
BP 512
EP 515
DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2010.05.017
PG 4
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
GA 627OE
UT WOS:000280048400014
ER
PT J
AU Xu, HHK
Zhao, LA
Detamore, MS
Takagi, S
Chow, LC
AF Xu, Hockin H. K.
Zhao, Liang
Detamore, Michael S.
Takagi, Shozo
Chow, Laurence C.
TI Umbilical Cord Stem Cell Seeding on Fast-Resorbable Calcium Phosphate
Bone Cement
SO TISSUE ENGINEERING PART A
LA English
DT Article
ID IN-VITRO CHARACTERIZATION; MARROW STROMAL CELLS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES;
OSTEOGENIC DIFFERENTIATION; TISSUE REGENERATION; ALGINATE HYDROGELS;
BIOACTIVE GLASS; SCAFFOLDS; BIOCOMPATIBILITY; REINFORCEMENT
AB Tissue engineering offers immense promise for bone regeneration. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) can be collected without invasive procedures required for bone marrow MSCs. The objective of this study was to investigate the physical properties and the differentiation capacity of hUCMSCs on calcium phosphate cement (CPC) scaffolds with improved dissolution/resorption rates. CPC consisted of tetracalcium phosphate and dicalcium phosphate anhydrous, with various tetracalcium phosphate/dicalcium phosphate anhydrous ratios. At 1/3 ratio, CPC had a dissolution rate 40% faster than CPC control at 1/1. The faster-resorbable CPC had strength and modulus similar to CPC control. Their strength and modulus exceeded the reported values for cancellous bone, and were much higher than those of hydrogels and injectable polymers for cell delivery. hUCMSCs attached to the nano-apatitic CPC and proliferated rapidly. hUCMSCs differentiated into the osteogenic lineage, with significant increases in alkaline phosphatase activity, osteocalcin, collagen I, and osterix gene expression. In conclusion, in this study we reported that hUCMSCs attaching to CPC with high dissolution/resorption rate showed excellent proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. hUCMSCs delivered via high-strength CPC have the potential to be an inexhaustible and low-cost alternative to the gold-standard human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. These results may broadly impact stem-cell-based tissue engineering.
C1 [Xu, Hockin H. K.; Zhao, Liang] Univ Maryland, Sch Dent, Dept Endodont Prosthodont & Operat Dent, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
[Xu, Hockin H. K.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Stem Cell Biol & Regenerat Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
[Detamore, Michael S.] Univ Kansas, Dept Chem & Petr Engn, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
[Takagi, Shozo; Chow, Laurence C.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Amer Dent Assoc Fdn, Paffenbarger Res Ctr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Xu, HHK (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Dent, Dept Endodont Prosthodont & Operat Dent, 650 W Baltimore St, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
EM hxu@umaryland.edu
FU NIH [R01DE14190, R01DE17974, R01DE11789]; State of Kansas; Maryland Stem
Cell Research Fund; University of Maryland Dental School
FX We thank Dr. C.G. Simon at the National Institute of Standards and
Technology for discussions, and A.A. Giuseppetti for help with the SEM.
We are indebted to Dr. M. D. Weir and Dr. J.P. Fisher at the University
of Maryland for discussions and help. This study was supported by NIH
grants R01DE14190 (HX), R01DE17974 (HX), R01DE11789 (LC), the State of
Kansas (MD), Maryland Stem Cell Research Fund (HX), and the University
of Maryland Dental School.
NR 62
TC 19
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 4
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1937-3341
J9 TISSUE ENG PT A
JI Tissue Eng. Part A
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 16
IS 9
BP 2743
EP 2753
DI 10.1089/ten.tea.2009.0757
PG 11
WC Cell & Tissue Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Cell
Biology
SC Cell Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA 643IJ
UT WOS:000281288500005
PM 20388037
ER
PT J
AU Beakes, MP
Satterthwaite, WH
Collins, EM
Swank, DR
Merz, JE
Titus, RG
Sogard, SM
Mangel, M
AF Beakes, Michael P.
Satterthwaite, William H.
Collins, Erin M.
Swank, David R.
Merz, Joseph E.
Titus, Robert G.
Sogard, Susan M.
Mangel, Marc
TI Smolt Transformation in Two California Steelhead Populations: Effects of
Temporal Variability in Growth
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; LIFE-HISTORY VARIATION; ATLANTIC SALMON;
JUVENILE STEELHEAD; HATCHERY; PATTERNS; WILD; PROXIMATE; GAIRDNERI;
SURVIVAL
AB We tested the effect of temporal patterns in food supply on life history decisions in coastal steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss irideus from a Central California coastal (CCC) population (Scott Creek) and a Northern California Central Valley (NCCV) population (upper Sacramento River basin). We manipulated growth through feeding experiments conducted from May to the following March using warm (2006 cohort) and cool (2007 cohort) temperature regimes. Survival in seawater challenges just before the time of typical juvenile emigration provided an index of steelhead smolt versus nonsmolt life history pathways. Survival varied significantly with fish size (with larger fish being more likely to survive than smaller fish) and by source population (with CCC steelhead being more likely to survive than NCCV steelhead of the same size). The timing of increased food supply (treatment group) did not significantly affect seawater survival rates in either NCCV or CCC steelhead. For both strains, the eventual survivors of seawater challenges (putative smolts) diverged from the eventual mortalities (putative nonsmolts) in both size and growth rate by June in both years, suggesting that the initial growth advantages were maintained throughout the experiments. A significant divergence in condition factor between smolts and nonsmolts by December matched the expected morphological transition of smolts, which showed faster growth in length than weight compared with nonsmolts. The apparent timing of the decision window, several months before the typical period of smolt emigration, matches the patterns observed for other salmonids. In coastal California, this decision must occur before fish have had the opportunity to take advantage of improved winter-early spring feeding conditions. These results support the role of early growth opportunity in life history decisions and provide insight into the applicability of life history models for managing California steelhead.
C1 [Beakes, Michael P.; Satterthwaite, William H.; Mangel, Marc] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ctr Stock Assessment Res, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Beakes, Michael P.; Sogard, Susan M.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Satterthwaite, William H.] MRAG Amer, Capitola, CA 95010 USA.
[Collins, Erin M.; Titus, Robert G.] Calif Dept Fish & Game, Sacramento, CA 95826 USA.
[Swank, David R.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA.
[Merz, Joseph E.] Cramer Fish Sci, Auburn, CA 95603 USA.
[Merz, Joseph E.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
RP Beakes, MP (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ctr Stock Assessment Res, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
EM michael.beakes@noaa.gov
FU CALFED Science Program [SCI-05-140]; [U-05-SC-40]
FX This material is based upon work supported by the CALFED Science Program
under Science Program Project No. SCI-05-140 to Marc Mangel, Susan
Sogard, and Rob Titus under grant agreement number U-05-SC-40. NOAA's
Center for Stock Assessment Research provided additional support. We
thank the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Kurtis Brown, The Monterey
Bay Salmon and Trout project, Dave Streig, the University of
California-Santa Cruz Center for Stock Assessment research laboratory,
the NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center and employees therein for
providing technical and logistic support in addition to the facilities
with which to conduct these rearing experiments.
NR 30
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 32
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
SN 0002-8487
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 139
IS 5
BP 1263
EP 1275
DI 10.1577/T09-146.1
PG 13
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 659VC
UT WOS:000282594000001
ER
PT J
AU Seitz, AC
Norcross, BL
Payne, JC
Kagley, AN
Meloy, B
Gregg, JL
Hershberger, PK
AF Seitz, Andrew C.
Norcross, Brenda L.
Payne, John C.
Kagley, Anna N.
Meloy, Buck
Gregg, Jacob L.
Hershberger, Paul K.
TI Feasibility of Surgically Implanting Acoustic Tags into Pacific Herring
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID VIRAL HEMORRHAGIC SEPTICEMIA; GROWTH; SALMON; TROUT
AB Internally implanted acoustic tags represent a potentially valuable approach to assessing the seasonal migration and distribution patterns of Pacific herring Clupea palasii. We examined the feasibility of implanting two sizes of dummy acoustic tags (9 mm in diameter x 21 mm long, 1.6 g; and 7 mm in diameter x 18 mm long, 0.7 g) in Pacific herring that had been held in captivity for nearly a year and that ranged from 165 to 215 mm in fork length (FL) and from 41.6 to 142.6 g. Relatively low mortality (4%) and tag shedding (4%), as well as growth similar to that observed in control fish after 135 d, indicate that, with proper handling, Pacific herring are amenable to surgical implantation of acoustic tags.
C1 [Seitz, Andrew C.; Norcross, Brenda L.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Kagley, Anna N.] NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fish Ecol Div, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Payne, John C.] Pacific Ocean Shelf Tracking Project, Vancouver, BC V6B 3X8, Canada.
[Gregg, Jacob L.; Hershberger, Paul K.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Marrowstone Marine Field Stn, Nordland, WA 98358 USA.
RP Seitz, AC (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM aseitz@sfos.uaf.edu
FU Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council [070819]; University of Alaska
Fairbanks
FX This research was conducted under the University of Alaska-Fairbanks
Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee Assurance of Animal Care
08-69. Partial funding for this project was provided by the Pacific
Ocean Shelf Tracking Project, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Fisheries
and Aquatic Resources Program, Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council
Project 070819, and the University of Alaska Fairbanks. Additional
technical support was provided by Rachael Collins, USGS Marrowstone
Marine Field Station, and Wyatt Fournier, NOAA Fisheries, Ted Stevens
Marine Science Institute. Pacific herring were provided by Marty
Sanbeck. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this
publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such
use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the U.S.
Department of Interior or the USGS of any product or service to the
exclusion of others that may be suitable.
NR 11
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 5
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
SN 0002-8487
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 139
IS 5
BP 1288
EP 1291
DI 10.1577/T09-195.1
PG 4
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 659VC
UT WOS:000282594000003
ER
PT J
AU Dann, TH
Smoker, WW
Hard, JJ
Gharrett, AJ
AF Dann, Tyler H.
Smoker, William W.
Hard, Jeffrey J.
Gharrett, Anthony J.
TI Outbreeding Depression after Two Generations of Hybridizing Southeast
Alaska Coho Salmon Populations?
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID BROODYEAR PINK SALMON; ONCORHYNCHUS-KISUTCH; FLUCTUATING ASYMMETRY;
ATLANTIC SALMON; SOCKEYE-SALMON; CHINOOK SALMON; DEVELOPMENTAL
INSTABILITY; GENETIC-VARIATION; WILD POPULATIONS; BRITISH-COLUMBIA
AB No fitness loss was detected in second-generation hybrids, relative to parental controls, between three pairs of coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch populations from Southeast Alaska, in which groups were cultured in a common freshwater environment, released to sea together, and recovered together as adults. Divergence among the populations as measured by neutral molecular markers was significant. Marine survival did not differ among parental groups, F(1) groups, F(2) groups, and hybrid groups, between parental and hybrid groups, and between parental and F(2) groups. Marine survival of F(1) hybrids in the first generation of the experiment exceeded that of parental controls but did not differ among parental or F(1) groups, although the power of the latter tests was low. Tests for the loss of fitness in hybrids relative to parental controls based on fluctuating asymmetry (FA) yielded only one significant result among six tests, and in many instances hybrids exhibited less FA than parental controls. Body length differed among years, populations, sexes, and cross types (parental, F(1) hybrids, and F(2) hybrids); the differences among cross types were consistent with among-population differences. In contrast, bilateral meristic counts exhibited little variability (coefficients of variation = 0.02-0.09). Meristic differences among years probably reflect the effects of the different environments experienced by the fish. The small variability in bilateral meristic characters suggests strong genetic canalization for these traits. Although no losses in fitness (as measured by marine survival and FA) were observed, the power of each of our tests was low and the among-population differences were unique to this experiment.
C1 [Dann, Tyler H.; Smoker, William W.; Gharrett, Anthony J.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Juneau Ctr, Div Fisheries, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Hard, Jeffrey J.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Conservat Biol Div, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Dann, TH (reprint author), Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Gene Conservat Lab, Div Commercial Fisheries, 333 Raspberry Rd, Anchorage, AK 99518 USA.
EM tyler.dann@alaska.gov
RI Hard, Jeffrey/C-7229-2009
FU National Marine Fisheries Service, Northwest Fisheries Science Center,
Seattle, Washington (NOAA) [50ABNF600123]
FX This research represents, in part, the master's thesis of T. Dann at the
University of Alaska Fairbanks. The authors thank K. Bush (Granath), S.
Walden, D. Oxman, S. Hall, I. Wang, A. Sreenivasan, J. Echave, M.
Garvin, L. Kamin, K. Palof, M. Malick, P. J. Hulson, C. Reese, S.
Triebenbach, and S. Schick for their technical assistance. R. Focht of
Douglas Island Pink and Chum, Inc., L. Garrison and S. Reifenstuhl of
Northern Southeast Regional Aquaculture Association, and S. Doherty of
Southern Southeast Regional Aquaculture Association and their staffs
provided mature salmon and historical information. R. Josephson and D.
Buettner, and the staff of the Alaska Department of Fish & Game's Mark,
Tag and Age Laboratory provided on-site CWT recovery and decoding and
CWT database analysis. Douglas Island Pink and Chum, Inc. provided
facilities and fish culture assistance. W. S. Grant, two anonymous
reviewers, and an associate editor contributed valuable comments to this
manuscript. This project was supported by a grant from the National
Marine Fisheries Service, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, Seattle,
Washington (NOAA Grant 50ABNF600123) and was carried out in accordance
with policy and regulations of the State of Alaska. Animal Care and Use
protocols for this research were approved by the University of Alaska
Fairbanks.
NR 51
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 9
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
SN 0002-8487
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 139
IS 5
BP 1292
EP 1305
DI 10.1577/T09-203.1
PG 14
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 659VC
UT WOS:000282594000004
ER
PT J
AU Laikre, L
Schwartz, MK
Waples, RS
Ryman, N
AF Laikre, Linda
Schwartz, Michael K.
Waples, Robin S.
Ryman, Nils
CA GeM Working Grp
TI Compromising genetic diversity in the wild: unmonitored large-scale
release of plants and animals
SO TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Review
ID STOCK-ENHANCEMENT PROGRAMS; EFFECTIVE POPULATION-SIZE; RED DRUM;
ATLANTIC SALMON; NATURAL HYBRIDIZATION; ONCORHYNCHUS-KISUTCH; GENOTYPIC
DIVERSITY; PACIFIC SALMON; BROWN TROUT; TEXAS BAYS
AB Large-scale exploitation of wild animals and plants through fishing, hunting and logging often depends on augmentation through releases of translocated or captively raised individuals. Such releases are performed worldwide in vast numbers. Augmentation can be demographically and economically beneficial but can also cause four types of adverse genetic change to wild populations: (1) loss of genetic variation, (2) loss of adaptations, (3) change of population composition, and (4) change of population structure. While adverse genetic impacts are recognized and documented in fisheries, little effort is devoted to actually monitoring them. In forestry and wildlife management, genetic risks associated with releases are largely neglected. We outline key features of programs to effectively monitor consequences of such releases on natural populations.
C1 [Laikre, Linda; Ryman, Nils] Stockholm Univ, Dept Zool, Div Populat Genet, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Schwartz, Michael K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59801 USA.
[Waples, Robin S.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Laikre, L (reprint author), Stockholm Univ, Dept Zool, Div Populat Genet, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
EM linda.laikre@popgen.su.se
RI Hansen, Michael/I-5979-2013; Schwartz, Michael/C-3184-2014; Olivieri,
Isabelle/E-5872-2016; Waples, Robin/K-1126-2016
OI Hansen, Michael/0000-0001-5372-4828; Schwartz,
Michael/0000-0003-3521-3367;
FU National Evolutionary Synthesis Center (NSF) [EF-0423641]; U.S. National
Science Foundation (NSF) [DEB-0553768]; University of California, Santa
Barbara; State of California; Swedish Research Council; Swedish Research
Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning
(Formas); BONUS Baltic Organisations' Network for Funding Science EEIG
FX We thank three anonymous reviewers for valuable comments and
suggestions. We also thank John Gold and Michael Tringali for
information about red drum. This work was conducted as part of the
'Working Group on Genetic Monitoring: Development of Tools for
Conservation and Management' supported by the National Evolutionary
Synthesis Center (NSF #EF-0423641) and the National Center for
Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, a Center funded by the U.S. National
Science Foundation (NSF #DEB-0553768), the University of California,
Santa Barbara, and the State of California. L.L. and N.R. acknowledge
financial support from The Swedish Research Council, The Swedish
Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial
Planning (Formas), and the BONUS Baltic Organisations' Network for
Funding Science EEIG (the Balt Gene research project).
NR 97
TC 163
Z9 168
U1 12
U2 143
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
PI LONDON
PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND
SN 0169-5347
J9 TRENDS ECOL EVOL
JI Trends Ecol. Evol.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 9
BP 520
EP 529
DI 10.1016/j.tree.2010.06.013
PG 10
WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics &
Heredity
GA 647YT
UT WOS:000281657500009
PM 20688414
ER
PT J
AU Dahlheim, ME
White, PA
AF Dahlheim, Marilyn E.
White, Paula A.
TI Ecological aspects of transient killer whales Orcinus orca as predators
in southeastern Alaska
SO WILDLIFE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE area usage; kill rates; marine predator; prey handling; prey selection;
southeastern Alaska; transient killer whales
ID SEQUENTIAL MEGAFAUNAL COLLAPSE; NORTH PACIFIC-OCEAN; SEA OTTERS; GENETIC
DIFFERENTIATION; MEGAPTERA-NOVAEANGLIAE; FORAGING BEHAVIOR;
BRITISH-COLUMBIA; FEEDING SUCCESS; HUMPBACK WHALES; SPERM-WHALES
AB In this study we present empirical data on predator numbers, movements and area usage, and predation obtained from tracking transient killer whales Orcinus orca throughout the inland waters of southeastern Alaska, USA. During 19912007, we documented 155 transient killer whales via photo-identification methodology within the large study area (27,808 km(2)). Transient killer whales were distributed throughout southeastern Alaska and were present during all seasons, although not all individuals were seen every year. Resighting data suggested that within southeastern Alaska, maternal groups may partition area usage of their environment. By following whales for 1,467 km, we calculated a mean travel speed of 7.2 km/hour with mean daily movements of 134 km +/- 88 km/24 hours and ranging within 59-240 km/24 hours. Photographic matches demonstrated that most of the transient killer. whales (86%) identified in southeastern Alaska also utilized British Columbia and Washington State waters. In contrast, photographic matches between whales in southeastern Alaska and whales seen off of California, USA, were rare, suggesting that different transient killer whale stocks occupy these two regions. Transient killer whales preyed upon Dall's porpoise Phocoenoides dalli, Pacific white-sided dolphins Lagenoryhcus obliquidens, harbor porpoise Phocoena phocoena, minke whales Balaenoptera acutorostrata, Steller sea lions Eumetopias jubatus, harbor seals Phoca vitulina and seabirds. Potential prey species that were available, but not targeted, included humpback whales Megaptera novaeangliae, elephant seals Mirounga angustirostris and sea otters Enhydra lutris. Prey-handling techniques varied depending on the prey being targeted with no evidence of prey specialization. During 114 encounters totaling 332.5 hours of direct observations of transient killer whales, we documented 36 predation events for a calculated kill rate of 0.62 prey items/24-hour period/whale. The data we present in this article provide a foundation of transient killer whale ecology aimed at improving our ability to understand the impact of transient killer whale predation on southeastern Alaska prey populations.
C1 [Dahlheim, Marilyn E.] Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[White, Paula A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Museum Vertebrate Zool, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Dahlheim, ME (reprint author), Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM marilyn.dahlheim@noaa.gov; paw@carnivoreconservation.com
RI Bignell, Elisha/F-5890-2014
OI Bignell, Elisha/0000-0003-4136-2377
NR 60
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 8
U2 82
PU WILDLIFE BIOLOGY
PI RONDE
PA C/O JAN BERTELSEN, GRENAAVEJ 14, KALO, DK-8410 RONDE, DENMARK
SN 0909-6396
J9 WILDLIFE BIOL
JI Wildlife Biol.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 16
IS 3
BP 308
EP 322
DI 10.2981/09-075
PG 15
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 673ZG
UT WOS:000283702100010
ER
PT J
AU Mah, C
Nizinski, M
Lundsten, L
AF Mah, Christopher
Nizinski, Martha
Lundsten, Lonny
TI Phylogenetic revision of the Hippasterinae (Goniasteridae; Asteroidea):
systematics of deep sea corallivores, including one new genus and three
new species (vol 160, pg 266, 2010)
SO ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Mah, Christopher] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Nizinski, Martha] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Natl Systemat Lab, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Lundsten, Lonny] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Video Lab, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA.
RP Mah, C (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst Invertebrate Zool, MRC 163,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0024-4082
J9 ZOOL J LINN SOC-LOND
JI Zool. J. Linn. Soc.
PD SEP
PY 2010
VL 160
IS 3
BP 620
EP 620
DI 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2010.00703.x
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 672QH
UT WOS:000283601500010
ER
PT J
AU Draxler, RR
Ginoux, P
Stein, AF
AF Draxler, Roland R.
Ginoux, Paul
Stein, Ariel F.
TI An empirically derived emission algorithm for wind-blown dust
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID AEROSOL PROPERTIES; UNITED-STATES; MODEL; TRANSPORT; VARIABILITY;
SENSITIVITY; EXTINCTION; THRESHOLD; STORMS; CYCLE
AB A wind-blown dust emission algorithm was developed by matching the frequency of high-aerosol optical depth (AOD) events derived from the MODIS Deep Blue algorithm with the frequency of friction velocities derived from National Centers for Environmental Prediction's North American Mesoscale model. The threshold friction velocity is defined as the velocity that has the same frequency of as the 0.75 AOD. The AODs are converted to an emission flux that is used to compute the linear regression slope of the flux to the friction velocity. The slope represents the potential of a particular land surface to produce airborne dust and, in combination with the friction velocity, is used as a predictor for wind-blown dust emissions. Calculations for a test period of June and July 2007 showed the model prediction to capture the major measured plume events in timing and magnitude, although peak events tended to be overpredicted and many of the near-background level ambient concentrations were underpredicted. Most of the airborne dust loadings are attributed to locations with relatively low threshold friction velocities (<45 cm s(-1)), although these locations only composed of 9% of the total number of source locations. There was some evidence that the duration of wind-blown dust plume events was comparable to the 3 day sampling frequency of the IMPROVE monitoring network. Higher temporal frequency AIRNow observations at Phoenix showed a surprisingly good fit with the magnitude of the model-predicted peak concentrations.
C1 [Draxler, Roland R.; Stein, Ariel F.] NOAA, Air Resources Lab, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Ginoux, Paul] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08542 USA.
[Stein, Ariel F.] Earth Resources Technol, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Draxler, RR (reprint author), NOAA, Air Resources Lab, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM roland.draxler@noaa.gov
RI Ginoux, Paul/C-2326-2008; Stein, Ariel/G-1330-2012; Stein, Ariel
F/L-9724-2014
OI Ginoux, Paul/0000-0003-3642-2988; Stein, Ariel F/0000-0002-9560-9198
FU NOAA
FX This project was carried out under the auspices of NOAA's National Air
Quality Forecast Capability, and the views expressed in this paper are
those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of NOAA.
NR 40
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U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD AUG 31
PY 2010
VL 115
AR D16212
DI 10.1029/2009JD013167
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 646WB
UT WOS:000281573700002
ER
PT J
AU Pfister, L
Selkirk, HB
Starr, DO
Rosenlof, K
Newman, PA
AF Pfister, L.
Selkirk, H. B.
Starr, D. O.
Rosenlof, K.
Newman, P. A.
TI A meteorological overview of the TC4 mission
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID LOW-LEVEL JET; NORTHWESTERN SOUTH-AMERICA; TROPICAL TROPOPAUSE; DIURNAL
PATTERNS; CONVECTION; RAINFALL; PACIFIC; WAVES
AB The TC4 mission in Central America during summer 2007 examined convective transport into the tropical UTLS and the evolution of cirrus clouds. The tropical tropopause layer (TTL) circulation is dominated by the Asian monsoon anticyclone and westward winds that stretch from the western Pacific into the Atlantic. During TC4, TTL westward flow over Central America was stronger than normal. Incidence of cold clouds over the Central American region was the third lowest out of 34 years sampled. The major factor was an incipient La Nina, specifically anomalously cold temperatures off the Pacific Coast of South America. Weakness in the low level Caribbean jet caused a shift in the coldest clouds from the Caribbean to the Pacific side of Central America. The character of tropopause temperature variability was that of upward propagating waves generated by local and nonlocal convection. These waves produced tropopause temperature variations of 3 K, with peak-to-peak variations of 8 K. At low levels in Central America, flow from the Sahara desert predominated; further south, the air came from the Amazon region. Convectively influenced air in the upper troposphere came from Central America, the northern Amazon region, the Atlantic ITCZ, and the North American monsoon. In the TTL, Asian and African convection affected the observed air masses. North of 10N in the Central American TTL, African and Asian convection may have contributed as much to the air masses as Central and South American convection. South of 8N, Asian and African convection had far less impact.
C1 [Pfister, L.] NASA, Div Earth Sci, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Starr, D. O.; Newman, P. A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Rosenlof, K.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Selkirk, H. B.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Goddard Earth Sci & Technol Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA.
RP Pfister, L (reprint author), NASA, Div Earth Sci, Ames Res Ctr, MS 245-5, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
EM leonhard.pfister@nasa.gov; david.o.starr@nasa.gov;
karen.h.rosenlof@nasa.gov; paul.a.newman@nasa.gov
RI Rosenlof, Karen/B-5652-2008; Newman, Paul/D-6208-2012; Selkirk,
Henry/H-2021-2012; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Rosenlof, Karen/0000-0002-0903-8270; Newman, Paul/0000-0003-1139-2508;
FU NASA
FX The authors of this paper would like to acknowledge support from the
NASA Upper Atmosphere Research Program, the NASA Atmospheric Chemistry
Modeling and Analysis Program, and the NOAA Atmospheric Composition and
Climate program.
NR 37
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD AUG 31
PY 2010
VL 115
AR D00J12
DI 10.1029/2009JD013316
PG 24
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 646WB
UT WOS:000281573700004
ER
PT J
AU Idziaszek, Z
Quemener, G
Bohn, JL
Julienne, PS
AF Idziaszek, Zbigniew
Quemener, Goulven
Bohn, John L.
Julienne, Paul S.
TI Simple quantum model of ultracold polar molecule collisions
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
AB We present a unified formalism for describing chemical reaction rates of trapped, ultracold molecules. This formalism reduces the scattering to its essential features, namely, a propagation of the reactant molecules through a gauntlet of long-range forces before they ultimately encounter one another, followed by a probability for the reaction to occur once they do. In this way, the electric-field dependence should be readily parametrized in terms of a pair of fitting parameters (along with a C(6) coefficient) for each asymptotic value of partial-wave quantum numbers vertical bar L, M(L)>. From this, the electric-field dependence of the collision rates follows automatically. We present examples for reactive species, such as KRb, and nonreactive species, such as RbCs.
C1 [Idziaszek, Zbigniew] Univ Warsaw, Fac Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland.
[Quemener, Goulven; Bohn, John L.] NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Quemener, Goulven; Bohn, John L.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Julienne, Paul S.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Julienne, Paul S.] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Idziaszek, Z (reprint author), Univ Warsaw, Fac Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland.
RI Julienne, Paul/E-9378-2012
OI Julienne, Paul/0000-0002-5494-1442
FU AFOSR MURI; Polish Government Research Grant
FX We gratefully acknowledge support from an AFOSR MURI on Ultracold
Molecules, and a Polish Government Research Grant.
NR 21
TC 50
Z9 51
U1 2
U2 9
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD AUG 31
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 2
AR 020703
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.82.020703
PG 4
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 644TZ
UT WOS:000281405500003
ER
PT J
AU Song, QH
Ge, L
Stone, AD
Cao, H
Wiersig, J
Shim, JB
Unterhinninghofen, J
Fang, W
Solomon, GS
AF Song, Q. H.
Ge, L.
Stone, A. D.
Cao, H.
Wiersig, J.
Shim, J-B
Unterhinninghofen, J.
Fang, W.
Solomon, G. S.
TI Directional Laser Emission from a Wavelength-Scale Chaotic Microcavity
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
AB We demonstrate directional output from a deformed disk laser of dimensions comparable to the emission wavelength. Unlike larger deformed cavity lasers, which exhibit universal output directionality determined by chaotic ray dynamics, the far-field patterns differ between lasing modes. The directional emission results from weak coupling of isotropic high-quality modes to anisotropic low-quality modes, combined with chiral symmetry breaking of clockwise and counterclockwise propagating waves. This mechanism makes it possible to control the output properties of wavelength-scale lasers.
C1 [Song, Q. H.; Ge, L.; Stone, A. D.; Cao, H.] Yale Univ, Dept Appl Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
[Wiersig, J.; Shim, J-B; Unterhinninghofen, J.] Univ Magdeburg, Inst Theoret Phys, D-39016 Magdeburg, Germany.
[Fang, W.; Solomon, G. S.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Fang, W.; Solomon, G. S.] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Song, QH (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Appl Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
RI Ge, Li/A-5171-2012; Fang, Wei/B-3794-2010; Cao, Hui/F-4815-2012;
Wiersig, Jan/F-1410-2013; Song, Qinghai/C-2197-2014
OI Fang, Wei/0000-0002-6511-3570;
FU NIST [70NANB6H6162]; NSF [DMR-0808937, DMR-0908437]; DFG [760]
FX This work is supported partly by NIST under Grant No. 70NANB6H6162, by
NSF under Grants No. DMR-0808937 and No. DMR-0908437, and by the DFG
research group 760.
NR 23
TC 71
Z9 71
U1 1
U2 25
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 31
PY 2010
VL 105
IS 10
AR 103902
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.103902
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 644UN
UT WOS:000281406900006
ER
PT J
AU Devictor, ST
Morton, SL
AF Devictor, Susan T.
Morton, Steve L.
TI Identification guide to the shallow water (0-200 m) octocorals of the
South Atlantic Bight
SO ZOOTAXA
LA English
DT Article
DE Coelenterata; Cnidaria; Octocorallia; Alcyonaria; Gorgonacea;
Alcyonacea; Alcyoniidae; Nidaliidae; Nephtheidae; Anthothelidae;
Plexauridae; Gorgoniidae; Ellisellidae; Clavulariidae; Renillidae;
Kophobelemnidae; Virgulariidae; western Atlantic
ID COELENTERATA
AB Octocoral diversity is well documented in the tropical western Atlantic and Indo-Pacific, but it has been several decades since a thorough species account of the shallow South Atlantic Bight region was produced (northwestern Atlantic between Cape Hatteras, NC and Cape Canaveral, FL, USA). Through the use of material from the NMNH and SERTC Octocorallia (=Alcyonaria) collections, this work documents the presence of 28 species of octocorals recorded in the shallow (0-200 m) South Atlantic Bight and reports five new range extensions. Included are illustrated keys to the species, synonymies, species images and remarks, and SEM images of sclerites from described species without previously published sclerite imagery. A brief history of previous work and discussion of octocoral morphology are also included.
C1 [Devictor, Susan T.] S Carolina Dept Nat Resources, SE Reg Taxon Ctr, Marine Resources Res Inst, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Morton, Steve L.] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Marine Biotoxins Program, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
RP Devictor, ST (reprint author), S Carolina Dept Nat Resources, SE Reg Taxon Ctr, Marine Resources Res Inst, 217 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
EM DeVictorS@dnr.sc.gov; Steve.Morton@noaa.gov
RI Johnson, Selena/K-3541-2013
NR 75
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 5
PU MAGNOLIA PRESS
PI AUCKLAND
PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND
SN 1175-5326
EI 1175-5334
J9 ZOOTAXA
JI Zootaxa
PD AUG 31
PY 2010
IS 2599
BP 1
EP 62
PG 62
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 645QS
UT WOS:000281479700001
ER
PT J
AU Thorpe, MJ
Leibrandt, DR
Fortier, TM
Rosenband, T
AF Thorpe, Michael J.
Leibrandt, David R.
Fortier, Tara M.
Rosenband, Till
TI Measurement and real-time cancellation of vibration-induced phase noise
in a cavity-stabilized laser
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID OPTICAL FREQUENCY
AB We demonstrate a method to measure and actively reduce the coupling of vibrations to the phase noise of a cavity-stabilized laser. This method uses the vibration noise of the laboratory environment rather than active drive to perturb the optical cavity. The laser phase noise is measured via a beat note with a second unperturbed ultra-stable laser while the vibrations are measured by accelerometers positioned around the cavity. A Wiener filter algorithm extracts the frequency and direction dependence of the cavity response function. Once the cavity response function is known, real-time noise cancellation can be implemented by use of the accelerometer measurements to predict and then cancel the laser phase fluctuations. We present real-time noise cancellation that results in a 25 dB reduction of the laser phase noise power spectral density. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America
C1 [Thorpe, Michael J.; Leibrandt, David R.; Fortier, Tara M.; Rosenband, Till] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Thorpe, MJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 325 Broadway St, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM mthorpe@nist.boulder.gov
FU National Research Council
FX We thank Jim Bergquist, Dave Howe and Scott Diddams for useful
discussions and Andrew Ludlow, Nathan Lemke and Yanyi Jiang for the use
of their stabilized 578 nm laser. M. J. Thorpe and D. R. Leibrandt
acknowledge support from the National Research Council. This work is not
subject to U.S. copyright.
NR 20
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 2
U2 5
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD AUG 30
PY 2010
VL 18
IS 18
BP 18744
EP 18751
DI 10.1364/OE.18.018744
PG 8
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 653PE
UT WOS:000282107900026
PM 20940767
ER
PT J
AU Bridges, JM
Wiese, WL
AF Bridges, J. M.
Wiese, W. L.
TI Transition probability measurements for some strong and weak lines of N
I
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID NEUTRAL NITROGEN; ATOMIC-NITROGEN; STATE
AB We operated a high-current wall-stabilized arc to generate a low-temperature, steady-state plasma in nitrogen, with admixtures of argon, helium, and oxygen. We measured the relative atomic transition probabilities for several strong and weak 3s-3p and 3p-3d lines of neutral nitrogen and placed them on an absolute scale with experimental lifetime data available in the literature. We obtained good agreement with recent advanced calculations and an earlier measurement for the strong transitions but encountered appreciable discrepancies for weak transitions.
C1 [Bridges, J. M.; Wiese, W. L.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Bridges, JM (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 16
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD AUG 30
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 2
AR 024502
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.82.024502
PG 3
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 644DH
UT WOS:000281351600029
ER
PT J
AU Hoefer, MA
Silva, TJ
Keller, MW
AF Hoefer, M. A.
Silva, T. J.
Keller, Mark W.
TI Theory for a dissipative droplet soliton excited by a spin torque
nanocontact
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID MAGNETIZATION REVERSAL; GARNET-FILMS; THIN-FILMS; DRIVEN; ANISOTROPY;
DEVICES; WAVES
AB A distinct type of solitary wave is predicted to form in spin torque oscillators when the free layer has a sufficiently large perpendicular anisotropy. In this structure, which is a dissipative version of the conservative droplet soliton originally studied in 1977 by Ivanov and Kosevich, spin torque counteracts the damping that would otherwise destroy the mode. Asymptotic methods are used to derive conditions on perpendicular anisotropy strength and applied current under which a dissipative droplet can be nucleated and sustained. Numerical methods are used to confirm the stability of the droplet against various perturbations that are likely in experiments, including tilting of the applied field, nonzero spin torque asymmetry, and nontrivial Oersted fields. Under certain conditions, the droplet experiences a drift instability in which it propagates away from the nanocontact and is then destroyed by damping.
C1 [Hoefer, M. A.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Math, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Silva, T. J.; Keller, Mark W.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Hoefer, MA (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Math, Box 8205, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM mahoefer@ncsu.edu
RI Silva, Thomas/C-7605-2013;
OI Silva, Thomas/0000-0001-8164-9642; HOEFER, MARK/0000-0001-5883-6562
NR 40
TC 57
Z9 57
U1 0
U2 15
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 30
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 5
AR 054432
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.054432
PG 14
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 644FB
UT WOS:000281357800004
ER
PT J
AU Geraci, AA
Papp, SB
Kitching, J
AF Geraci, Andrew A.
Papp, Scott B.
Kitching, John
TI Short-Range Force Detection Using Optically Cooled Levitated
Microspheres
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID CASIMIR FORCE; RADIATION PRESSURE; PARTICLES; TRAP; MANIPULATION;
VACUUM; MOTION
AB We propose an experiment using optically trapped and cooled dielectric micro-spheres for the detection of short-range forces. The center-of-mass motion of a microsphere trapped in vacuum can experience extremely low dissipation and quality factors of 10(12), leading to yoctonewton force sensitivity. Trapping the sphere in an optical field enables positioning at less than 1 mu m from a surface, a regime where exotic new forces may exist. We expect that the proposed system could advance the search for non-Newtonian gravity forces via an enhanced sensitivity of 10(5)-10(7) over current experiments at the 1 mu m length scale. Moreover, our system may be useful for characterizing other short-range physics such as Casimir forces.
C1 [Geraci, Andrew A.; Papp, Scott B.; Kitching, John] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Time & Frequency, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Geraci, AA (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Time & Frequency, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM aageraci@boulder.nist.gov
OI Kitching, John/0000-0002-4540-1954
FU NRC
FX We thank John Bollinger and Jeff Sherman for a careful reading of this
manuscript. A. G. and S. P. acknowledge support from the NRC.
NR 35
TC 62
Z9 62
U1 1
U2 12
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 30
PY 2010
VL 105
IS 10
AR 101101
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.101101
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 644LH
UT WOS:000281378400003
PM 20867507
ER
PT J
AU Hammouda, B
AF Hammouda, Boualem
TI Clustering in polar media
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID POLY(ETHYLENE OXIDE) SOLUTIONS; MIXTURES; WATER; EQUILIBRIUM; SCATTERING
AB Clustering prevails in water-soluble polymers and biological macromolecules. It has also been observed in polar solvent mixtures. The possible causes of clustering are discussed. A systematic investigation of clustering in poly(ethylene oxide)/d-water solutions has been undertaken using the small-angle neutron scattering method. The poly(ethylene oxide) monomer is formed of an oxygen atom and an ethylene group. Using the random phase approximation, partial Flory-Huggins interaction parameters for the three pairs (oxygen/d-water, ethylene/d-water, and oxygen/ethylene) are derived. Results show that the first two (oxygen/d-water and ethylene/d-water) are characterized by a lower critical solution temperature phase behavior (whereby phase separation occurs upon heating), while the third one (oxygen/ethylene) is characterized by an upper critical solution temperature phase diagram (whereby phase separation occurs upon cooling). It is argued that clustering is caused by the increasing repulsive interaction between oxygen and ethylene for decreasing temperature and increasing polymer volume fraction. This leads to increasing attractive interactions between ethylene groups that stick together. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3484235]
C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Hammouda, B (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Neutron Res, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM hammouda@nist.gov
FU National Science Foundation [DMR-0454672]
FX This work is based upon activities supported in part by the National
Science Foundation under Agreement No. DMR-0454672.
NR 12
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 12
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD AUG 28
PY 2010
VL 133
IS 8
AR 084901
DI 10.1063/1.3484235
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 649CE
UT WOS:000281743800039
PM 20815588
ER
PT J
AU Washenfelder, RA
Trainer, M
Frost, GJ
Ryerson, TB
Atlas, EL
de Gouw, JA
Flocke, FM
Fried, A
Holloway, JS
Parrish, DD
Peischl, J
Richter, D
Schauffler, SM
Walega, JG
Warneke, C
Weibring, P
Zheng, W
AF Washenfelder, R. A.
Trainer, M.
Frost, G. J.
Ryerson, T. B.
Atlas, E. L.
de Gouw, J. A.
Flocke, F. M.
Fried, A.
Holloway, J. S.
Parrish, D. D.
Peischl, J.
Richter, D.
Schauffler, S. M.
Walega, J. G.
Warneke, C.
Weibring, P.
Zheng, W.
TI Characterization of NOx, SO2, ethene, and propene from industrial
emission sources in Houston, Texas
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID POWER-PLANT PLUMES; RADICAL INITIATED OXIDATION; VOLATILE
ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; REACTION-MASS-SPECTROMETRY; OZONE FORMATION;
AIR-QUALITY; URBAN; AIRBORNE; STRATOSPHERE; FORMALDEHYDE
AB The Houston-Galveston-Brazoria urban area contains industrial petrochemical sources that emit volatile organic compounds and nitrogen oxides, resulting in rapid and efficient ozone production downwind. During September to October 2006, the NOAA WP-3D aircraft conducted research flights as part of the second Texas Air Quality Study (TexAQS II). We use measurements of NOx, SO2, and speciated hydrocarbons from industrial sources in Houston to derive source emission ratios and compare these to emission inventories and the first Texas Air Quality Study (TexAQS) in 2000. Between 2000 and 2006, NOx/CO2 emission ratios changed by an average of -29% +/- 20%, while a significant trend in SO2/CO2 emission ratios was not observed. We find that high hydrocarbon emissions are routine for the isolated petrochemical facilities. Ethene (C2H4) and propene (C3H6) are the major contributors to ozone formation based on calculations of OH reactivity for organic species including C-2-C-10 alkanes, C-2-C-5 alkenes, ethyne, and C-2-C-5 aldehydes and ketones. Measured ratios of C2H4/NOx and C3H6/NOx exceed emission inventory values by factors of 1.4-20 and 1-24, respectively. We examine trends in C2H4/NOx and C3H6/NOx ratios between 2000 and 2006 for the isolated petrochemical sources and estimate a change of -30% +/- 30%, with significant day-to-day and within-plume variability. Median ambient mixing ratios of ethene and propene in Houston show decreases of -52% and -48%, respectively, between 2000 and 2006. The formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and peroxyacetyl nitrate products produced by alkene oxidation are observed downwind, and their time evolution is consistent with the rapid photochemistry that also produces ozone.
C1 [Washenfelder, R. A.; Frost, G. J.; de Gouw, J. A.; Holloway, J. S.; Peischl, J.; Warneke, C.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Atlas, E. L.] Univ Miami, Div Marine & Atmospher Chem, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Flocke, F. M.; Fried, A.; Richter, D.; Schauffler, S. M.; Walega, J. G.; Weibring, P.; Zheng, W.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Earth Observing Lab, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Washenfelder, R. A.; Trainer, M.; Frost, G. J.; Ryerson, T. B.; de Gouw, J. A.; Holloway, J. S.; Parrish, D. D.; Peischl, J.; Warneke, C.] NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Washenfelder, RA (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM rebecca.washenfelder@noaa.gov
RI Parrish, David/E-8957-2010; Warneke, Carsten/E-7174-2010; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015; Peischl, Jeff/E-7454-2010; Washenfelder,
Rebecca/E-7169-2010; Holloway, John/F-9911-2012; Trainer,
Michael/H-5168-2013; Ryerson, Tom/C-9611-2009; Frost,
Gregory/I-1958-2013; Atlas, Elliot/J-8171-2015; de Gouw,
Joost/A-9675-2008
OI Parrish, David/0000-0001-6312-2724; Peischl, Jeff/0000-0002-9320-7101;
Washenfelder, Rebecca/0000-0002-8106-3702; Holloway,
John/0000-0002-4585-9594; de Gouw, Joost/0000-0002-0385-1826
FU NOAA; Texas Commission on Environmental Quality [582-8-86246-FY09];
National Research Council
FX We thank the management, staff, and flight crew from the NOAA Aircraft
Operations Center for their support during the field mission. We thank
Bryan Lambeth and TCEQ for the La Porte wind profiler data. We thank
John Jolly for TCEQ emissions inventory data. We thank Johan Mellqvist,
Claudia Rivera, and Jerker Samuelsson for sharing their solar
occultation flux and DOAS measurements. We thank Dr. Sacco te Lintel
Hekkert from Sensor Sense for LPAS measurements. R.A.W. thanks Dr. Chuck
Brock for helpful discussions. We acknowledge financial support for the
field measurements from the NOAA Air Quality and NOAA Climate Research
and Modeling programs. We acknowledge financial support for the analysis
from Texas Commission on Environmental Quality contract
582-8-86246-FY09. R.A.W. acknowledges a National Research Council
Postdoctoral Fellowship.
NR 45
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 23
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD AUG 28
PY 2010
VL 115
AR D16311
DI 10.1029/2009JD013645
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 644XG
UT WOS:000281414800002
ER
PT J
AU Akmaev, RA
Wu, F
Fuller-Rowell, TJ
Wang, H
Iredell, MD
AF Akmaev, R. A.
Wu, F.
Fuller-Rowell, T. J.
Wang, H.
Iredell, M. D.
TI Midnight density and temperature maxima, and thermospheric dynamics in
Whole Atmosphere Model simulations
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID EQUATORIAL THERMOSPHERE; WINDS
AB Hydrostatic expansion in a gravity field of an atmospheric layer with elevated temperatures, such as the long known thermospheric midnight temperature maximum (MTM), results in a total mass density increase at a given altitude above the layer. Long-term simulations with the Whole Atmosphere Model reveal a noticeable midnight density maximum (MDM), appropriately lagging behind the MTM at the same height. The MDM magnitude, timing, and variability are in good agreement with available in-situ observations. Of particular importance is the observation of a downward phase progression of the MDM peak time obtained from the San Marco satellites and closely reproduced in the model results. This is consistent with the suggestion, made over 30 years ago, that both the MTM and MDM are driven by tidal waves, in particular, the terdiurnal tide propagating upward from the lower atmosphere and interacting with a diurnally varying ion drag. The accompanying wind variations are also found in good agreement with radar observations, which first related them to the nighttime ionosphere collapse in the early 1970s.
C1 [Akmaev, R. A.] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Wu, F.; Fuller-Rowell, T. J.; Wang, H.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Iredell, M. D.] NOAA, Environm Modeling Ctr, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
RP Akmaev, RA (reprint author), NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, W-NP9,325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM rashid.akmaev@noaa.gov
FU NASA; Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) Multidisciplinary
University Research Initiative (MURI)
FX We thank H. J. Singer and two anonymous reviewers for insightful
comments and helpful suggestions. This work has been supported in part
by the NASA Heliophysics Theory and Living With a Star (LWS) programs as
well as the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR)
Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative (MURI) program.
NR 22
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD AUG 28
PY 2010
VL 115
AR A08326
DI 10.1029/2010JA015651
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 644YI
UT WOS:000281417700012
ER
PT J
AU Anderson, D
Araujo-Pradere, EA
AF Anderson, David
Araujo-Pradere, Eduardo A.
TI Sudden stratospheric warming event signatures in daytime ExB drift
velocities in the Peruvian and Philippine longitude sectors for January
2003 and 2004
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID EQUATORIAL F-REGION; ELECTROJET
AB This paper first describes the technique that has been developed to obtain realistic, daytime, vertical ExB drift velocities in the equatorial ionosphere using two ground-based magnetometers, one on the magnetic equator and the other located +/- 6 degrees-9 degrees away in latitude. This technique is then employed to study the unique ExB drift signatures associated with sudden stratospheric warming events (SSW) in both the Peruvian and Philippine longitude sectors, occurring in January 2003 and January 2004. It is found that the semidiurnal shaped signature first appears in the Peruvian sector and 3 days later appears in the Philippine sector. In both sectors, the ExB drift signature lasts for approximately 5 days.
C1 [Anderson, David; Araujo-Pradere, Eduardo A.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Anderson, David; Araujo-Pradere, Eduardo A.] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Anderson, D (reprint author), Univ Colorado, CIRES, 325 Broadway,W-NP9, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM david.anderson@noaa.gov
FU NSF [ATM-o432565]
FX We thank Koki Chau, Director of the Jicamarca Radio Observatory, for
providing the Jicamarca and Piura magnetometer data. The Jicamarca Radio
Observatory is a facility of the Instituto Geofisico del Peru, Ministry
of Education, and is operated with support from the NSF Cooperative
agreement ATM-o432565. We also thank Kiyo Yumoto, Department of Earth
and Planetary Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan for supplying
the Davao and Muntinlupa magnetometer observations.
NR 12
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD AUG 28
PY 2010
VL 115
AR A00G05
DI 10.1029/2010JA015337
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 644YI
UT WOS:000281417700010
ER
PT J
AU Edwards, EE
Korenblit, S
Kim, K
Islam, R
Chang, MS
Freericks, JK
Lin, GD
Duan, LM
Monroe, C
AF Edwards, E. E.
Korenblit, S.
Kim, K.
Islam, R.
Chang, M. -S.
Freericks, J. K.
Lin, G. -D.
Duan, L. -M.
Monroe, C.
TI Quantum simulation and phase diagram of the transverse-field Ising model
with three atomic spins
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID TRAPPED IONS; COMPUTERS
AB We perform a quantum simulation of the Ising model with a transverse field using a collection of three trapped atomic ion spins. By adiabatically manipulating the Hamiltonian, we directly probe the ground state for a wide range of fields and form of the Ising couplings, leading to a phase diagram of magnetic order in this microscopic system. The technique is scalable to much larger numbers of trapped ion spins, where phase transitions approaching the thermodynamic limit can be studied in cases where theory becomes intractable.
C1 [Edwards, E. E.; Korenblit, S.; Kim, K.; Islam, R.; Chang, M. -S.; Monroe, C.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Edwards, E. E.; Korenblit, S.; Kim, K.; Islam, R.; Chang, M. -S.; Monroe, C.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Freericks, J. K.] Georgetown Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20057 USA.
[Lin, G. -D.; Duan, L. -M.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Lin, G. -D.; Duan, L. -M.] Univ Michigan, MCTP, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Edwards, EE (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RI Freericks, James/D-7502-2011; Monroe, Christopher/G-8105-2011; Chang,
Ming-Shien/F-7922-2012;
OI Freericks, James/0000-0002-6232-9165
FU Army Research Office (ARO) [W911NF0710576]; DARPA; IARPA; NSF; NSF
Physics Frontier Center
FX This work is supported under Army Research Office (ARO) under Award No.
W911NF0710576 with funds from the DARPA Optical Lattice Emulator (OLE)
Program, IARPA under ARO contract, the NSF Physics at the Information
Frontier Program, and the NSF Physics Frontier Center at JQI.
NR 21
TC 53
Z9 53
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 27
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 6
AR 060412
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.060412
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 643KH
UT WOS:000281294800001
ER
PT J
AU Ryan, JC
Morey, JS
Bottein, MYD
Ramsdell, JS
Van Dolah, FM
AF Ryan, James C.
Morey, Jeanine S.
Bottein, Marie-Yasmine Dechraoui
Ramsdell, John S.
Van Dolah, Frances M.
TI Gene expression profiling in brain of mice exposed to the marine
neurotoxin ciguatoxin reveals an acute anti-inflammatory,
neuroprotective response
SO BMC NEUROSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID SYNTHASE ARGINASE BALANCE; DOMOIC ACID; THERMOREGULATORY RESPONSE;
CARIBBEAN CIGUATOXINS; MYELINATED AXONS; SODIUM-CHANNELS; CIGUATERA;
MECHANISMS; PACIFIC; FISH
AB Background: Ciguatoxins (CTXs) are polyether marine neurotoxins and potent activators of voltage-gated sodium channels. This toxin is carried by multiple reef-fish species and human consumption of ciguatoxins can result in an explosive gastrointestinal/neurologic illness. This study characterizes the global transcriptional response in mouse brain to a symptomatic dose of the highly toxic Pacific ciguatoxin P-CTX-1 and additionally compares this data to transcriptional profiles from liver and whole blood examined previously. Adult male C57/BL6 mice were injected with 0.26 ng/g P-CTX-1 while controls received only vehicle. Animals were sacrificed at 1, 4 and 24 hrs and transcriptional profiling was performed on brain RNA with Agilent whole genome microarrays. RT-PCR was used to independently validate gene expression and the web tool DAVID was used to analyze gene ontology (GO) and molecular pathway enrichment of the gene expression data.
Results: A pronounced 4 C hypothermic response was recorded in these mice, reaching a minimum at 1 hr and lasting for 8 hrs post toxin exposure. Ratio expression data were filtered by intensity, fold change and p-value, with the resulting data used for time course analysis, K-means clustering, ontology classification and KEGG pathway enrichment. Top GO hits for this gene set included acute phase response and mono-oxygenase activity. Molecular pathway analysis showed enrichment for complement/coagulation cascades and metabolism of xenobiotics. Many immediate early genes such as Fos, Jun and Early Growth Response isoforms were down-regulated although others associated with stress such as glucocorticoid responsive genes were up-regulated. Real time PCR confirmation was performed on 22 differentially expressed genes with a correlation of 0.9 (Spearman's Rho, p < 0.0001) with microarray results.
Conclusions: Many of the genes differentially expressed in this study, in parallel with the hypothermia, figure prominently in protection against neuroinflammation. Pathologic activity of the complement/coagulation cascade has been shown in patients suffering from a chronic form of ciguatera poisoning and is of particular interest in this model. Anti-inflammatory processes were at work not only in the brain but were also seen in whole blood and liver of these animals, creating a systemic anti-inflammatory environment to protect against the initial cellular damage caused by the toxin.
C1 [Ryan, James C.; Morey, Jeanine S.; Bottein, Marie-Yasmine Dechraoui; Ramsdell, John S.; Van Dolah, Frances M.] NOAA Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Marine Biotoxins Program, Charleston, SC USA.
RP Ryan, JC (reprint author), NOAA Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Marine Biotoxins Program, Charleston, SC USA.
EM james.ryan@noaa.gov
OI Ryan, James/0000-0002-1101-3785
FU NOAA Center of Excellence in Oceans and Human Health Initiative at
Hollings Marine Lab
FX We would like to thank J. Tiedeken, M. Peterson, A. Rezvani, E. Levin
and C. Gordon for help with experimental procedures and J. Lynch, M.
Beal and T. Greig for helpful reviews. This work was partially funded by
the NOAA Center of Excellence in Oceans and Human Health Initiative at
Hollings Marine Lab.
NR 50
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 8
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 1471-2202
J9 BMC NEUROSCI
JI BMC Neurosci.
PD AUG 26
PY 2010
VL 11
AR 107
DI 10.1186/1471-2202-11-107
PG 14
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 650AI
UT WOS:000281818100002
PM 20796285
ER
PT J
AU Butch, NP
Jeffries, JR
Chi, SX
Leao, JB
Lynn, JW
Maple, MB
AF Butch, Nicholas P.
Jeffries, Jason R.
Chi, Songxue
Leao, Juscelino Batista
Lynn, Jeffrey W.
Maple, M. Brian
TI Antiferromagnetic critical pressure in URu2Si2 under hydrostatic
conditions
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRON SUPERCONDUCTOR URU2SI2; TEMPERATURE PHASE-DIAGRAM;
HIDDEN-ORDER; SYSTEM URU2SI2; MAGNETIC EXCITATIONS; TRANSITIONS; STATES
AB The onset of antiferromagnetic order in URu2Si2 has been studied via neutron diffraction in a helium pressure medium, which most closely approximates hydrostatic conditions. The antiferromagnetic critical pressure is 0.80 GPa, considerably higher than values previously reported. Complementary electrical resistivity measurements imply that the hidden-order-antiferromagnetic bicritical point falls between 1.3 and 1.5 GPa. Moreover, the redefined pressure-temperature phase diagram suggests that the superconducting and antiferromagnetic phase boundaries actually meet at a common critical pressure at zero temperature.
C1 [Butch, Nicholas P.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Ctr Nanophys & Adv Mat, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Jeffries, Jason R.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Condensed Matter & Mat Div, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Chi, Songxue; Leao, Juscelino Batista; Lynn, Jeffrey W.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Maple, M. Brian] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RP Butch, NP (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Ctr Nanophys & Adv Mat, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM nbutch@umd.edu
RI Chi, Songxue/A-6713-2013
OI Chi, Songxue/0000-0002-3851-9153
FU DOE [DE-FG02-04ER46105]; DOE, NNSA [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Science Campaign
at LLNL; CNAM
FX Sample preparation was supported by the DOE under Research Grant No.
DE-FG02-04ER46105. LLNL is operated by Lawrence Livermore National
Security, LLC, for the DOE, NNSA under Contract No. DE-AC52-07NA27344.
J.R.J. is supported by the Science Campaign at LLNL. N.P.B. is supported
by CNAM.
NR 33
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 1
U2 10
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 26
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 6
AR 060408
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.060408
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 643BP
UT WOS:000281268100001
ER
PT J
AU Chu, XQ
Liu, KH
Tyagi, MS
Mou, CY
Chen, SH
AF Chu, Xiang-qiang
Liu, Kao-Hsiang
Tyagi, Madhu Sudan
Mou, Chung-Yuan
Chen, Sow-Hsin
TI Low-temperature dynamics of water confined in a hydrophobic mesoporous
material
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E
LA English
DT Article
ID STRONG LIQUID TRANSITION; SUPERCOOLED WATER; GLASS-TRANSITION; CROSSOVER
AB Quasielastic neutron scattering was used to study the dynamics of three-dimensional confined water in a hydrophobic mesoporous material designated as CMK-1 in the temperature range from 250 to 170 K. We observe a crossover phenomenon at temperature T(L). We find that T(L) of water confined in CMK-1 occurs in between previous observations of one-dimensional confined water in materials with different hydrophilicities. This provides the first evidence that besides the obvious surface effect brought about by the hydrophobic confinements, T(L) is also dependent on the dimensionality of the geometry of the confinement.
C1 [Chu, Xiang-qiang; Chen, Sow-Hsin] MIT, Dept Nucl Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Liu, Kao-Hsiang; Mou, Chung-Yuan] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Chem, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
[Tyagi, Madhu Sudan] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Chen, SH (reprint author), MIT, Dept Nucl Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM sowhsin@mit.edu
RI Chu, Xiangqiang/A-1572-2011; Tyagi, Madhu Sudan/M-4693-2014;
OI Tyagi, Madhu Sudan/0000-0002-4364-7176; MOU,
CHUNG-YUAN/0000-0001-7060-9899; Chu, Xiang-qiang/0000-0003-4320-5316
FU Department of Energy [DE-FG02-90ER45429]; Taiwan National Science
Council [NSC95-2120-M-002-009, NSC96-2739-M-213-001]; National Science
Foundation [DMR-0086210]
FX Research at MIT was supported by Department of Energy Grant No.
DE-FG02-90ER45429; at NTU, it was supported by Taiwan National Science
Council Grants No. NSC95-2120-M-002-009 and No. NSC96-2739-M-213-001.
This work utilized facilities supported in part by the National Science
Foundation under Agreement No. DMR-0086210. We appreciate technical
supports during experiments from A. Faraone and T. Jenkins of NIST
Center for Neutron Research.
NR 25
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 16
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1539-3755
J9 PHYS REV E
JI Phys. Rev. E
PD AUG 26
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 2
AR 020501
DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.82.020501
PN 1
PG 4
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 643CO
UT WOS:000281271000001
PM 20866765
ER
PT J
AU Campbell, WC
Mizrahi, J
Quraishi, Q
Senko, C
Hayes, D
Hucul, D
Matsukevich, DN
Maunz, P
Monroe, C
AF Campbell, W. C.
Mizrahi, J.
Quraishi, Q.
Senko, C.
Hayes, D.
Hucul, D.
Matsukevich, D. N.
Maunz, P.
Monroe, C.
TI Ultrafast Gates for Single Atomic Qubits
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRON SPINS; TRAPPED IONS; QUANTUM; MANIPULATION; DECOHERENCE
AB We demonstrate single-qubit operations on a trapped atom hyperfine qubit using a single ultrafast pulse from a mode-locked laser. We shape the pulse from the laser and perform a pi rotation of the qubit in less than 50 ps with a population transfer exceeding 99% and negligible effects from spontaneous emission or ac Stark shifts. The gate time is significantly shorter than the period of atomic motion in the trap (Omega(Rabi)/nu(trap) > 10(4)), demonstrating that this interaction takes place deep within the strong excitation regime.
C1 [Campbell, W. C.] Univ Maryland, Joint Quantum Inst, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
Natl Inst Stand & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Campbell, WC (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Joint Quantum Inst, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM wes3000@umd.edu
RI Campbell, Wesley/F-6813-2010; Matsukevich, Dzmitry/C-9134-2009; Monroe,
Christopher/G-8105-2011
FU ARO; DARPA; IARPA under ARO; NSF; IC; NSF Physics Frontier Center at JQI
FX We acknowledge helpful discussions with Michael Biercuk, Ming-Shien
Chang, Kihwan Kim, and Steven Olmschenk. This work is supported by the
ARO with funds from the DARPA Optical Lattice Emulator (OLE) Program,
IARPA under ARO contract, the NSF Physics at the Information Frontier
Program, the IC Postdoctoral Program, and the NSF Physics Frontier
Center at JQI.
NR 26
TC 53
Z9 53
U1 2
U2 24
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 26
PY 2010
VL 105
IS 9
AR 090502
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.090502
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 643DA
UT WOS:000281272700003
PM 20868145
ER
PT J
AU Seidel, DJ
Ao, CO
Li, K
AF Seidel, Dian J.
Ao, Chi O.
Li, Kun
TI Estimating climatological planetary boundary layer heights from
radiosonde observations: Comparison of methods and uncertainty analysis
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
AB Planetary boundary layer (PBL) processes control energy, water, and pollutant exchanges between the surface and free atmosphere. However, there is no observation-based global PBL climatology for evaluation of climate, weather, and air quality models or for characterizing PBL variability on large space and time scales. As groundwork for such a climatology, we compute PBL height by seven methods, using temperature, potential temperature, virtual potential temperature, relative humidity, specific humidity, and refractivity profiles from a 10 year, 505-station radiosonde data set. Six methods are directly compared; they generally yield PBL height estimates that differ by several hundred meters. Relative humidity and potential temperature gradient methods consistently give higher PBL heights, whereas the parcel (or mixing height) method yields significantly lower heights that show larger and more consistent diurnal and seasonal variations (with lower nighttime and wintertime PBLs). Seasonal and diurnal patterns are sometimes associated with local climatological phenomena, such as nighttime radiation inversions, the trade inversion, and tropical convection and associated cloudiness. Surface-based temperature inversions are a distinct type of PBL that is more common at night and in the morning than during midday and afternoon, in polar regions than in the tropics, and in winter than other seasons. PBL height estimates are sensitive to the vertical resolution of radiosonde data; standard sounding data yield higher PBL heights than high-resolution data. Several sources of both parametric and structural uncertainty in climatological PBL height values are estimated statistically; each can introduce uncertainties of a few 100 m.
C1 [Seidel, Dian J.] NOAA, Air Resources Lab R ARL, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Li, Kun] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Ao, Chi O.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Seidel, DJ (reprint author), NOAA, Air Resources Lab R ARL, 1315 E W Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM Dian.Seidel@noaa.gov
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration
FX We thank Angela Betancourt-Negron (University of Puerto Rico) for
assistance with data processing and Dan Hollis (UK Met Office) for
providing cloud observations for Lerwick. Yehui Zhang (NOAA Air
Resources Laboratory) performed calculations to test the effects of
including surface-level observations. Julian Wang and Donald Ballard
(NOAA Air Resources Laboratory), Imke Durre (NOAA National Climatic Data
Center), Venkat Ratnam, (National Atmospheric Research Laboratory,
Gadanki), and four anonymous reviewers each provided helpful suggestions
on the manuscript. Research performed by C. Ao was carried out at the
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a
contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
NR 22
TC 99
Z9 100
U1 4
U2 44
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD AUG 25
PY 2010
VL 115
AR D16113
DI 10.1029/2009JD013680
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 644XC
UT WOS:000281414400005
ER
PT J
AU Tian, W
Ratcliff, W
Kim, MG
Yan, JQ
Kienzle, PA
Huang, Q
Jensen, B
Dennis, KW
McCallum, RW
Lograsso, TA
McQueeney, RJ
Goldman, AI
Lynn, JW
Kreyssig, A
AF Tian, W.
Ratcliff, W., II
Kim, M. G.
Yan, J. -Q.
Kienzle, P. A.
Huang, Q.
Jensen, B.
Dennis, K. W.
McCallum, R. W.
Lograsso, T. A.
McQueeney, R. J.
Goldman, A. I.
Lynn, J. W.
Kreyssig, A.
TI Interplay of Fe and Nd magnetism in NdFeAsO single crystals
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID LAYERED QUATERNARY COMPOUND; PHASE-DIAGRAM; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY;
TRANSITIONS
AB The structural and magnetic phase transitions have been studied on NdFeAsO single crystals by neutron and x-ray diffraction complemented by resistivity and specific-heat measurements. Two low-temperature phase transitions have been observed in addition to the tetragonal-to-orthorhombic transition at T(S) similar to 142 K and the onset of antiferromagnetic (AFM) Fe order below T(N) similar to 137 K. The Fe moments order AFM in the well-known stripelike structure in the (ab) plane but change from AFM to ferromagnetic (FM) arrangement along the c direction below T* similar to 15 K accompanied by the onset of Nd AFM order below T(Nd) similar to 6 K with this same AFM configuration. The iron magnetic order-order transition in NdFeAsO accentuates the Nd-Fe interaction and the delicate balance of c-axis exchange couplings that results in AFM in LaFeAsO and FM in CeFeAsO and PrFeAsO.
C1 [Tian, W.; Kim, M. G.; Yan, J. -Q.; Jensen, B.; Dennis, K. W.; McCallum, R. W.; Lograsso, T. A.; McQueeney, R. J.; Goldman, A. I.; Kreyssig, A.] Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Ratcliff, W., II; Kienzle, P. A.; Huang, Q.; Lynn, J. W.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Kim, M. G.; McQueeney, R. J.; Goldman, A. I.; Kreyssig, A.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[McCallum, R. W.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Tian, W (reprint author), Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RI Kim, Min Gyu/B-8637-2012; Tian, Wei/C-8604-2013; McQueeney,
Robert/A-2864-2016
OI Kim, Min Gyu/0000-0001-7676-454X; Tian, Wei/0000-0001-7735-3187;
McQueeney, Robert/0000-0003-0718-5602
FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science, Division of
Materials Sciences and Engineering and Scientific User Facilities
Division; Iowa State University [DE-AC02-07CH11358]
FX Research at Ames Laboratory and Oak Ridge National Laboratory was
supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy
Science, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering and Scientific
User Facilities Division, respectively. Ames Laboratory is operated for
the U.S. Department of Energy by Iowa State University under Contract
No. DE-AC02-07CH11358.
NR 29
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 0
U2 23
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 25
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 6
AR 060514
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.060514
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 642OO
UT WOS:000281225700002
ER
PT J
AU Marchand, R
Ackerman, T
Smyth, M
Rossow, WB
AF Marchand, Roger
Ackerman, Thomas
Smyth, Mike
Rossow, William B.
TI A review of cloud top height and optical depth histograms from MISR,
ISCCP, and MODIS
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID VERTICAL STRUCTURE; SATELLITE-OBSERVATIONS; CIRRUS CLOUDS; LEVEL CLOUDS;
WATER-VAPOR; PART II; RETRIEVAL; RESOLUTION; MODEL; LAYER
AB There are notable differences in the joint histograms of cloud top height and optical depth being produced from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and the Multiangle Imaging Spectro-Radiometer (MISR) and by the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP). These differences have their roots in the different retrieval approaches used by the three projects and are driven largely by responses of the retrievals to (1) stratocumulus (or more broadly low-level clouds under temperature inversions), (2) small (subpixel) or broken low-level clouds, and (3) multilayer clouds. Because each data set has different strengths and weakness, the combination tells us more about the observed cloud fields than any of the three by itself. In particular, the MISR stereo height retrieval provides a calibration insensitive approach to determining cloud height that is especially valuable in combination with ISCCP or MODIS because the combination provides a means to estimate the amount of multilayer cloud, where the upper cloud is optically thin. In this article we present a review of the three data sets using case studies and comparisons of annually averaged joint histograms on global and regional scales. Recommendations for using these data in climate model evaluations are provided.
C1 [Marchand, Roger; Ackerman, Thomas] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
[Smyth, Mike] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Rossow, William B.] CUNY City Coll, NOAA Cooperat Remote Sensing Sci & Technol Ctr, New York, NY 10031 USA.
RP Marchand, R (reprint author), Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Box 355672,3737 Brooklyn Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
EM rojmarch@u.washington.edu
RI Rossow, William/F-3138-2015
FU NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory [NMO710860]
FX The authors would like to express thanks to all those members of the
NASA ISCCP, MODIS, and MISR teams who helped make this research
possible, especially Jeff Walters at the NASA Langley Research Center
(LaRC), who devoted considerable effort to processing the MISR data. We
especially thank Amy Braverman (NASA JPL), who repeatedly insisted that
the MISR project undertake creation of the joint histogram data set and
somehow cornered us (R. M. and T. P. A.) into it. Special thanks also go
to Steven Platnick and Steve Ackerman (of the MODIS team) for reviewing
this article and for the many long discussions and valuable insights. We
also thank Dave Diner (NASA JPL) for his leadership of the MISR science
team, and we thank the MISR project, whose financial support made this
research possible. MISR data were obtained from the NASA Langley
Research Center Atmospheric Science Data Center. This research was
funded by the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (contract NMO710860).
NR 64
TC 70
Z9 71
U1 2
U2 27
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD AUG 24
PY 2010
VL 115
AR D16206
DI 10.1029/2009JD013422
PG 25
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 644XA
UT WOS:000281414200003
ER
PT J
AU Adam, S
Stiles, MD
AF Adam, Shaffique
Stiles, M. D.
TI Temperature dependence of the diffusive conductivity of bilayer graphene
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSPORT; SEMICONDUCTORS; PHASE
AB Assuming diffusive carrier transport and employing an effective medium theory, we calculate the temperature dependence of bilayer graphene conductivity due to Fermi-surface broadening as a function of carrier density. We find that the temperature dependence of the conductivity depends strongly on the amount of disorder. In the regime relevant to most experiments, the conductivity is a function of T/T*, where T* is the characteristic temperature set by disorder. We demonstrate that experimental data taken from various groups collapse onto a theoretically predicted scaling function.
C1 [Adam, Shaffique; Stiles, M. D.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Adam, S (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RI Adam, Shaffique/B-3264-2008; Stiles, Mark/K-2426-2012
OI Adam, Shaffique/0000-0002-3095-9920; Stiles, Mark/0000-0001-8238-4156
FU National Research Council (NRC)
FX We thank M. Fuhrer and K. Bolotin for suggesting this problem and for
useful discussions. S. A. also acknowledges support from the National
Research Council (NRC).
NR 41
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 24
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 7
AR 075423
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.075423
PG 5
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 641WN
UT WOS:000281162100006
ER
PT J
AU Safronova, MS
Jiang, DS
Safronova, UI
AF Safronova, M. S.
Jiang, Dansha
Safronova, U. I.
TI Blackbody radiation shift in the Rb-87 frequency standard
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID ALKALI-METAL ATOMS; HYPERFINE-STRUCTURE; FOUNTAIN; HELIUM; CLOCK
AB The operation of atomic clocks is generally carried out at room temperature, whereas the definition of the second refers to the clock transition in an atom at absolute zero. This implies that the clock transition frequency should be corrected in practice for the effect of finite temperature, of which the leading contributor is the blackbody radiation (BBR) shift. Experimental measurements of the BBR shifts are difficult. In this work, we have calculated the blackbody radiation shift of the ground-state hyperfine microwave transition in Rb-87 using the relativistic all-order method and carried out a detailed evaluation of the accuracy of our final value. Particular care is taken to accurately account for the contributions from highly excited states. Our predicted value for the Stark coefficient, k(S) = -1.240(4) x 10(-10) Hz/(V/m)(2), is three times more accurate than the previous calculation [E.J. Angstman, V.A. Dzuba, and V.V. Flambaum, Phys. Rev. A 74, 023405 (2006)].
C1 [Safronova, M. S.; Jiang, Dansha] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Safronova, M. S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Joint Quantum Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Safronova, M. S.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Safronova, U. I.] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Safronova, U. I.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Spect, Moscow V71, Russia.
RP Safronova, MS (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
FU U.S. National Science Foundation [PHY-07-58088]
FX This work was supported in part by U.S. National Science Foundation
Grant No. PHY-07-58088. MSS thanks the Joint Quantum Institute,
University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of
Standards and Technology, College Park, for hospitality.
NR 19
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD AUG 23
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 2
AR 022510
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.82.022510
PG 6
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 641OS
UT WOS:000281138300009
ER
PT J
AU Ahmed, Z
Plusquellic, DF
AF Ahmed, Zeeshan
Plusquellic, David F.
TI Terahertz spectroscopy as an incisive tool to elucidate protein
conformation and role of biological water in Alzheimer's disease
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Ahmed, Zeeshan; Plusquellic, David F.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 34-AEI
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164700023
ER
PT J
AU Albert, JNL
Baney, MJ
Stafford, CM
Kelly, JY
Epps, TH
AF Albert, Julie N. L.
Baney, Michael J.
Stafford, Christopher M.
Kelly, Jennifer Y.
Epps, Thomas H., III
TI Surface energy/chemistry gradients for block copolymer thin film studies
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Delaware, Newark, DE USA.
NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RI Epps, Thomas/B-7337-2012
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 64-PMSE
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164706574
ER
PT J
AU Antonucci, JM
Schumacher, GE
AF Antonucci, Joseph M.
Schumacher, Gary E.
TI Study of primer systems for adhesion to dentin
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
Amer Dent Assoc Fdn, Paffenbarger Res Ctr, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 503-COLL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164702070
ER
PT J
AU Atha, DH
Wang, HH
Petersen, E
Dillon, A
Xing, BS
Jaruga, P
Dizdaroglu, M
Nelson, BC
AF Atha, Donald H.
Wang, Huanhua
Petersen, Elijah
Dillon, Andrew
Xing, Baoshan
Jaruga, Pawel
Dizdaroglu, Miral
Nelson, Bryant C.
TI Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) induce oxidative DNA damage in
plants
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 NIST, Chem Sci & Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
Univ Massachusetts, Dept Plant Soil & Insect Sci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Chem Engn, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA.
RI Jaruga, Pawel/M-4378-2015
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 162-ENVR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164702555
ER
PT J
AU Beers, KL
AF Beers, Kathryn L.
TI A chemist in public service: From a government lab to the executive
office and back
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Beers, Kathryn L.] NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 121-CHED
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164701154
ER
PT J
AU Borreguero, J
He, JH
Brown, C
Myles, D
Herwig, K
Agarwal, P
AF Borreguero, Jose
He, Junhong
Brown, Craig
Myles, Dean
Herwig, Kenneth
Agarwal, Pratul
TI Temperature induced protein motions indicate link to function
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
RI myles, dean/D-5860-2016
OI myles, dean/0000-0002-7693-4964
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 397-PHYS
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164706038
ER
PT J
AU Brown, SS
AF Brown, Steve S.
TI Hydrates, heterogeneous chemistry, aerosols and climate
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Brown, Steve S.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 12-PHYS
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164705663
ER
PT J
AU Brown, SS
Dube, WP
Wagner, NL
Fuchs, H
Washenfelder, RA
AF Brown, Steven S.
Dube, William P.
Wagner, Nicholas L.
Fuchs, Hendrik
Washenfelder, Rebecca A.
TI Aircraft measurements of atmospheric nitrogen oxides by diode laser
cavity ring-down spectroscopy
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Forschungszentrum Julich, D-52425 Julich, Germany.
RI Dube, William/I-1658-2013
OI Dube, William/0000-0003-1286-4087
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 262-PHYS
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164705797
ER
PT J
AU Chatterjee, K
Lin-Gibson, S
Parekh, SH
Moore, NM
Cicerone, MT
Young, MF
Simon, CG
AF Chatterjee, Kaushik
Lin-Gibson, Sheng
Parekh, Sapun H.
Moore, Nicole M.
Cicerone, Marcus T.
Young, Marian F.
Simon, Carl G., Jr.
TI Effect of 3D hydogel scaffold modulus and topology on human bone marrow
stromal cell fate
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
Natl Inst Dent & Craniofacial Res, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 359-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164706843
ER
PT J
AU Chu, PM
Michaels, CA
Masiello, T
AF Chu, Pamela M.
Michaels, Chris A.
Masiello, Tony
TI Fourier transform spectrometry with a near infrared supercontinuum
source
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Chu, Pamela M.; Michaels, Chris A.; Masiello, Tony] NIST, Chem Sci & Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 190-PHYS
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164705729
ER
PT J
AU Cross, ES
Onasch, TB
Ahern, A
Wrobel, W
Slowik, JG
Olfert, J
Lack, D
Massoli, P
Cappa, CD
Schwarz, JP
Spackman, R
Fahey, DW
Sedlacek, A
Trimborn, A
Jayne, JT
Freedman, A
Williams, L
Ng, NL
Mazzoleni, C
Dubey, M
Brem, B
Kok, G
Subramanian, R
Freitag, S
Clarke, A
Kolb, CE
Worsnop, DR
Davidovits, P
AF Cross, Eben S.
Onasch, Timothy B.
Ahern, Adam
Wrobel, William
Slowik, Jay G.
Olfert, Jason
Lack, Daniel
Massoli, Paola
Cappa, Christopher D.
Schwarz, Joshua P.
Spackman, Ryan
Fahey, David W.
Sedlacek, Arthur
Trimborn, Achim
Jayne, John T.
Freedman, Andrew
Williams, Leah
Ng, Nga L.
Mazzoleni, Claudio
Dubey, Manvendra
Brem, Benjamin
Kok, Greg
Subramanian, R.
Freitag, Steffen
Clarke, Antony
Kolb, Charles E.
Worsnop, Douglas R.
Davidovits, Paul
TI Intercomparison study of black carbon measurements
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Boston Coll, Dept Chem, Chestnut Hill, MA 02167 USA.
MIT, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
Aerodyne Res Inc, Ctr Cloud & Aerosol Chem, Billerica, MA 01821 USA.
Univ Toronto, Dept Chem, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada.
Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA.
NOAA Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60680 USA.
Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2M7, Canada.
Michigan Technol Univ, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RI Mazzoleni, Claudio/E-5615-2011; Lack, Daniel/I-9053-2012; schwarz,
joshua/G-4556-2013; Slowik, Jay/F-4894-2011; Dubey,
Manvendra/E-3949-2010; Fahey, David/G-4499-2013
OI schwarz, joshua/0000-0002-9123-2223; Slowik, Jay/0000-0001-5682-850X;
Dubey, Manvendra/0000-0002-3492-790X; Fahey, David/0000-0003-1720-0634
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 659-PHYS
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164706267
ER
PT J
AU Depner, SW
Kort, KR
Jaye, C
Zhang, HS
Fischer, DA
Banerjee, S
AF Depner, Sean W.
Kort, Kenneth R.
Jaye, Cherno
Zhang, Hengsong
Fischer, Daniel A.
Banerjee, Sarbajit
TI Non-hydrolytic synthesis, characterization, and electronic structure of
colloidal early transition metal oxide nanocrystals
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 SUNY Buffalo, Dept Chem, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 616-INOR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164703694
ER
PT J
AU Diddams, SK
Johnson, T
Nugent-Glandorf, L
AF Diddams, Scott K.
Johnson, Todd
Nugent-Glandorf, Lora
TI Mid-infrared frequency comb up-conversion spectroscopy
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Diddams, Scott K.; Johnson, Todd; Nugent-Glandorf, Lora] NIST, Div Time & Frequency, Boulder, CO USA.
RI Diddams, Scott/L-2819-2013
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 188-PHYS
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164705727
ER
PT J
AU Douglas, JF
Dudowicz, J
Freed, KF
AF Douglas, Jack F.
Dudowicz, Jacek
Freed, Karl F.
TI Crowding effects on protein and nanoparticle solubility, relaxation and
rate processes in fluid mixtures and entropy-enthalpy compensation
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
Univ Chicago, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 232-PMSE
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164706424
ER
PT J
AU Douglass, KO
Gerecht, E
Plusquellic, DF
AF Douglass, Kevin O.
Gerecht, Eyal
Plusquellic, David F.
TI Chirped-pulse Fourier transform spectroscopy in the THz region
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 NIST, Phys Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NIST, EEE Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 107-PHYS
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164705650
ER
PT J
AU Ervens, B
AF Ervens, Barbara
TI Organic aerosol formation and processing in the atmospheric aqueous
phase: A model perspective
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Ervens, Barbara] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Ervens, Barbara] NOAA, ESRL CSD, Boulder, CO USA.
RI Ervens, Barbara/D-5495-2013
OI Ervens, Barbara/0000-0002-6223-1635
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 307-PHYS
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164705841
ER
PT J
AU Espinal, L
Snyder, CR
Chiu, C
Bendersky, LA
Wong-Ng, W
Green, ML
Espinal, AE
Garces, HF
Suib, SL
AF Espinal, Laura
Snyder, Chad R.
Chiu, Chun
Bendersky, Leonid A.
Wong-Ng, Winnie
Green, Martin L.
Espinal, Anais E.
Garces, Hector F.
Suib, Steven L.
TI Carbon dioxide sorption properties of octahedral molecular sieves with
manganese based framework composition
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 NIST, Div Ceram, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NIST, Div Met, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NIST, Div Met, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
Univ Connecticut, Inst Mat Sci, Storrs, CT USA.
RI Snyder, Chad/B-4957-2008
OI Snyder, Chad/0000-0002-2916-9809
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 180-ENVR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164702574
ER
PT J
AU Ferry, JL
Frey, RL
Burns, JM
Shaw, TJ
Murphy, CJ
Sisco, P
Decho, AW
Chandler, T
Pennington, P
Fulton, M
AF Ferry, John L.
Frey, Rebecca L.
Burns, Justina M.
Shaw, Timothy J.
Murphy, Catherine J.
Sisco, Patrick
Decho, Alan W.
Chandler, Thomas
Pennington, Paul
Fulton, Michael
TI Effects of surface charge on the partitioning of gold nanorods in saline
estuarine mesocosms
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ S Carolina, Dept Chem & Biochem, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
Univ S Carolina, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
NOAA, Coastal Ctr Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Charleston, SC USA.
Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
Univ S Carolina, Nanoctr, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 164-ENVR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164702557
ER
PT J
AU Fry, JL
Katz, J
Sackinger, K
Zha, L
Cohen, RC
Rollins, AW
Kiendler-Scharr, A
Brown, SS
AF Fry, Juliane L.
Katz, Josh
Sackinger, Kathryn
Zha, Li
Cohen, Ronald C.
Rollins, Andrew W.
Kiendler-Scharr, Astrid
Brown, Steven S.
TI NOx effects on secondary organic aerosol formation: Aerosol production
from NO3 + biogenic hydrocarbons and potential NO3 heterogeneous loss
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Reed Coll, Dept Chem, Portland, OR USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Forschungszentrum Juelich, Inst Chem & Dynam Geosphere, Julich, Germany.
NOAA ESRL, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 223-PHYS
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164705762
ER
PT J
AU Gorham, JM
MacCuspie, RI
Fairbrother, DH
Holbrook, RD
AF Gorham, Justin M.
MacCuspie, Robert I.
Fairbrother, D. Howard
Holbrook, R. David
TI UV-induced surface modifications of silver nanoparticles in atmospheric
and aqueous conditions
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Chem Sci & Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Chem, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 79-ENVR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164702760
ER
PT J
AU Greenlee, LF
AF Greenlee, Lauren F.
TI Stabilization and size control of zerovalent iron nanoparticles using
carboxyl- and phosphate-functionalized compounds
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Greenlee, Lauren F.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Mat Reliabil, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 111-ENVR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164702509
ER
PT J
AU Heller, S
AF Heller, Stephen
TI Status of the InChI and InChIKey algorithms
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Heller, Stephen] NIST, CBRD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 74-CINF
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164701566
ER
PT J
AU Holbrook, RD
Vu, KK
AF Holbrook, R. David
Vu, Kennedy K.
TI Aggregation of titanium dioxide nanoparticles: The role of
environmentally-relevant surface coatings
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Holbrook, R. David; Vu, Kennedy K.] NIST, Surface & Microanal Sci Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 101-ENVR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164702498
ER
PT J
AU Kumari, H
Dennis, C
Mossine, A
Atwood, JL
AF Kumari, Harshita
Dennis, Cindi
Mossine, Andrew
Atwood, Jerry L.
TI Exploring formation and magnetic behavior of metal co-ordinated
pyrogallol[4]arene capsules
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Missouri, Dept Chem, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 170-INOR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164703280
ER
PT J
AU Lee, HJ
Soles, CL
Ro, HW
Wu, WL
AF Lee, Hae-Jeong
Soles, Christopher L.
Ro, Hyun Wook
Wu, Wen-li
TI Characterizing nanopatterned surface using X-ray reflectivity and
grazing incident X-ray scattering
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Lee, Hae-Jeong; Soles, Christopher L.; Ro, Hyun Wook; Wu, Wen-li] NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 364-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164706848
ER
PT J
AU Lee, V
Dennis, RV
Jaye, C
Fischer, DA
Banerjee, S
AF Lee, Vincent
Dennis, Robert V.
Jaye, Cherno
Fischer, Daniel A.
Banerjee, Sarbajit
TI Synthesis, electronic structure, and alignment of graphene thin films
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 SUNY Buffalo, Dept Chem, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 6
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 39-INOR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164703487
ER
PT J
AU Makar, S
Bruss, S
AF Makar, Susan
Bruss, Stacy
TI From Chemical Abstracts to SciFinder: Transitioning to SciFinder and
assessing customer usage
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Makar, Susan; Bruss, Stacy] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 8-CINF
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164701570
ER
PT J
AU Marcum, JC
Weber, M
AF Marcum, Jesse C.
Weber, Mathias
TI Ultraviolet photodissociation of mononucleotides from cradle to grave
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Marcum, Jesse C.; Weber, Mathias] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, JILA, NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 119-PHYS
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164705662
ER
PT J
AU Marcum, JC
Kaufman, SH
Weber, JM
AF Marcum, Jesse C.
Kaufman, Sydney H.
Weber, J. Mathias
TI Exploring the photoreduction of Au(III) complexes in the gas-phase
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Marcum, Jesse C.; Kaufman, Sydney H.; Weber, J. Mathias] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 72-AEI
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164700059
ER
PT J
AU Martin, JW
Gu, XH
Nguyen, T
Chin, JN
AF Martin, Jonathan W.
Gu, Xiaohong
Tinh Nguyen
Chin, Joannie
TI NIST sustainable infrastructure material program
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Martin, Jonathan W.; Gu, Xiaohong; Tinh Nguyen; Chin, Joannie] NIST, BFRL, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 103-PMSE
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164706308
ER
PT J
AU McGivern, WS
Pettibone, AJ
AF McGivern, W. Sean
Pettibone, Alicia J.
TI Laminar flow cell for the study of secondary organic aerosol formation
using photolytic initiation
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [McGivern, W. Sean; Pettibone, Alicia J.] NIST, Chem & Biochem Reference Data Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 488-PHYS
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164706115
ER
PT J
AU Moore, NM
Smith, LA
Becker, ML
AF Moore, Nicole M.
Smith, Laura A.
Becker, Matthew L.
TI Optimizing osteogenic signaling in mesenchymal stem cells using peptide
derivatized materials
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Akron, Dept Polymer Sci, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 307-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164706798
ER
PT J
AU Newbury, NR
Coddington, I
Baumann, E
Giorgetta, F
Swann, WC
Zolot, A
AF Newbury, Nathan R.
Coddington, Ian
Baumann, Esther
Giorgetta, Fabrizio
Swann, William C.
Zolot, Alex
TI Broadband coherent spectroscopy in the near infrared using dual coherent
frequency combs
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Newbury, Nathan R.; Coddington, Ian; Baumann, Esther; Giorgetta, Fabrizio; Swann, William C.; Zolot, Alex] NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
RI Zolot, Alexander/C-7450-2013
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 191-PHYS
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164705730
ER
PT J
AU Pettibone, JM
Hudgens, JW
AF Pettibone, John M.
Hudgens, Jeffery W.
TI Growth and formation of tunable, monodisperse phosphine-protected gold
clusters
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Pettibone, John M.; Hudgens, Jeffery W.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Chem & Biochem Reference Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 127-INOR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164703241
ER
PT J
AU Reiner, JE
Kasianowicz, JJ
Robertson, JWF
AF Reiner, Joseph E.
Kasianowicz, John J.
Robertson, Joseph W. F.
TI Nanopore-based single molecule determination of polymer-cation binding
and membrane protein dynamics
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Reiner, Joseph E.; Kasianowicz, John J.; Robertson, Joseph W. F.] NIST, Div Semicond Elect, Elect & Elect Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 336-COLL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164701811
ER
PT J
AU Roll, MF
Kampf, JW
Mathur, P
Laine, RM
AF Roll, Mark F.
Kampf, Jeffrey W.
Mathur, Priyanka
Laine, Richard M.
TI Nanobuilding blocks via bromination of polyhedral phenylsilsesquioxanes
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 NIST, Div Polymer, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 205-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164706702
ER
PT J
AU Roll, MF
AF Roll, Mark F.
TI Synthesis and characterization of nano-building blocks for materials
design
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Roll, Mark F.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Polymer, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 50-AEI
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164700039
ER
PT J
AU Rosado-Reyes, CM
Tsang, W
AF Rosado-Reyes, Claudette M.
Tsang, Wing
TI Isomerization of cis-1,2-dimethylcyclohexane in shock tube experiments
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Rosado-Reyes, Claudette M.; Tsang, Wing] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Chem Sci & Technol Lab, Chem & Biochem Reference Data Div, Kinet & Combust Grp, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 55-ORGN
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164705158
ER
PT J
AU Roscioli, J
Bell, D
Nesbitt, D
AF Roscioli, Joseph
Bell, Daniel
Nesbitt, David
TI Velocity-map imaging of scattered molecular flux: Correlating
quantum-state and translational distributions
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
NIST, Boulder, CO USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 611-PHYS
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164706223
ER
PT J
AU Schoch, AB
Fischer, DA
Lenhart, JL
AF Schoch, Andrew B.
Fischer, Daniel A.
Lenhart, Joseph L.
TI NEXAFS characterization and mechanical testing of engineered
epoxy/substrate interfaces
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA.
NIST, Div Ceram, Synchrotron Methods Grp, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 348-PMSE
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164706527
ER
PT J
AU Sharp, NE
Chiara, CJ
Walters, WB
Bindel, RT
Paul, RL
AF Sharp, Nicholas E.
Chiara, Christopher J.
Walters, William B.
Bindel, Richard T.
Paul, Rick L.
TI Neutron-capture gamma-ray studies for levels in Ge-75,Ge-77 and
Se-81,Se-83
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 10-NUCL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164704462
ER
PT J
AU Thornton, JA
Kercher, JP
Riedel, TP
Wagner, NL
Cozic, J
Holloway, JS
Dube, WP
Wolfe, GM
Quinn, PK
Middlebrook, AM
Alexander, B
Brown, SS
AF Thornton, Joel A.
Kercher, James P.
Riedel, Theran P.
Wagner, Nicholas L.
Cozic, Julie
Holloway, John S.
Dube, William P.
Wolfe, Glenn M.
Quinn, Patricia K.
Middlebrook, Ann M.
Alexander, Becky
Brown, Steven S.
TI Widespread halogen activation by N2O5 heterogeneous chemistry
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Univ Washington, Dept Chem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
Cooperat Inst Res Environm Studies, Boulder, CO USA.
Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA USA.
Hiram Coll, Dept Chem, Hiram, OH USA.
RI Holloway, John/F-9911-2012; Dube, William/I-1658-2013; Quinn,
Patricia/R-1493-2016
OI Holloway, John/0000-0002-4585-9594; Dube, William/0000-0003-1286-4087;
Quinn, Patricia/0000-0003-0337-4895
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 219-PHYS
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164705757
ER
PT J
AU Tsai, DH
DelRio, FW
MacCuspie, RI
Cho, TJ
Zachariah, MR
Hackley, VA
AF Tsai, De-Hao
DelRio, Frank W.
MacCuspie, Robert I.
Cho, Tae Joon
Zachariah, Michael R.
Hackley, Vincent A.
TI Competitive adsorption of thiolated polyethylene glycol and
mercaptopropionic acid on gold nanoparticles probed by physical
characterization methods: Application in targeted drug delivery
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 NIST, Div Ceram, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NIST, Proc Measurement Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
Univ Maryland, Dept Mech Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
Univ Maryland, Dept Chem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RI Tsai, De-Hao/K-6702-2012
OI Tsai, De-Hao/0000-0002-2669-3007
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 10-COLL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164701587
ER
PT J
AU Tsai, DH
Cho, TJ
DelRio, FW
MacCuspie, RI
Hackley, VA
AF Tsai, De-Hao
Cho, Tae Joon
DelRio, Frank W.
MacCuspie, Robert I.
Hackley, Vincent A.
TI Characterizing molecular conjugation and aggregation of nanoscale
particles using complementary physical measurement methods
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 NIST, Div Ceram, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NIST, Proc Measurement Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
Univ Maryland, Dept Mech Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
Univ Maryland, Dept Chem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RI Tsai, De-Hao/K-6702-2012
OI Tsai, De-Hao/0000-0002-2669-3007
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 98-ANYL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164700510
ER
PT J
AU Tsang, W
AF Tsang, Wing
TI Unimolecular reactions of precusors to secondary organic aerosols
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Tsang, Wing] NIST, Chem & Biochem Data Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 657-PHYS
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164706265
ER
PT J
AU Velazquez, JM
Jaye, C
Fischer, DA
Banerjee, S
AF Velazquez, Jesus M.
Jaye, Cherno
Fischer, Daniel A.
Banerjee, Sarbajit
TI Nanostructured vanadium oxides by chemical vapor transport and
hydrothermal methods
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 SUNY Buffalo, Dept Chem, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 622-INOR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164703700
ER
PT J
AU Vizcaino, MI
Morris, PJ
Moeller, PDR
AF Vizcaino, Maria I.
Morris, Pamela J.
Moeller, Peter D. R.
TI Evidence for the production of novel macrocyclic antibiotics from the
marine bacterium Pseudovibrio denitrificans
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA.
Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC USA.
Univ S Carolina, Belle W Baruch Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, Charleston, SC USA.
NOAA Natl Ocean Serv, Charleston, SC USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 46-MEDI
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164704361
ER
PT J
AU Watson, RP
Kramer-Marek, G
Capala, J
AF Watson, Russell P.
Kramer-Marek, Gabriela
Capala, Jacek
TI Instrumental neutron activation analysis of gold in mouse tissues
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 160-ANYL
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164700315
ER
PT J
AU Whittaker, L
Wu, TL
Jaye, C
Fischer, D
Ganapathy, S
Banerjee, S
AF Whittaker, Luisa
Wu, Tailung
Jaye, Cherno
Fischer, Daniel
Ganapathy, Sambandamurthy
Banerjee, Sarbajit
TI Tuning the metal-insulator phase transition in VO2 nanostructures
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 SUNY Buffalo, Dept Chem, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
SUNY Buffalo, Dept Phys, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
NIST, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 621-INOR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164703699
ER
PT J
AU Wu, WL
AF Wu, Wen-li
TI Application of random phase approximation for scattering in crosslinked
polymers
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Wu, Wen-li] NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 66-POLY
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164707092
ER
PT J
AU Xiang, SC
Zhou, W
Liu, Y
Chen, BL
AF Xiang, Shengchang
Zhou, Wei
Liu, Yun
Chen, Banglin
TI Exceptionally high acetylene uptake in a microporous metal-organic
framework with open metal sites
SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Chem, San Antonio, TX USA.
Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
Univ Delaware, Dept Chem Engn, Newark, DE USA.
NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
RI Liu, Yun/F-6516-2012; Xiang, Shengchang/F-9210-2010
OI Liu, Yun/0000-0002-0944-3153; Xiang, Shengchang/0000-0001-6016-2587
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 7
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0065-7727
J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S
JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD AUG 22
PY 2010
VL 240
MA 702-INOR
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA V20UK
UT WOS:000208164703773
ER
PT J
AU Park, J
Min, KW
Summers, D
Hwang, J
Kim, HJ
Horne, RB
Kirsch, P
Yumoto, K
Uozumi, T
Luehr, H
Green, J
AF Park, J.
Min, K. W.
Summers, D.
Hwang, J.
Kim, H. J.
Horne, R. B.
Kirsch, P.
Yumoto, K.
Uozumi, T.
Luehr, H.
Green, J.
TI Non-stormtime injection of energetic particles into the slot-region
between Earth's inner and outer electron radiation belts as observed by
STSAT-1 and NOAA-POES
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID WHISTLER-MODE CHORUS; RESONANT DIFFUSION; ART.; MAGNETOSPHERE
AB The slot-region between Earth's inner and outer electron radiation belts was observed on 24 February 2004 by the satellite STSAT-1 to be populated by quasi-trapped electrons of energy 100-400 keV. This injection lasted for several hours and took place during a non-stormtime substorm. This appears to be the first observation of a slot-region electron injection that did not occur during a geomagnetic storm. We also report multi-instrument observations of this event from NOAA-POES and CPMN magnetic observatories, and we consider physical mechanisms that may account for the phenomenon. Citation: Park, J., et al. (2010), Non-stormtime injection of energetic particles into the slot-region between Earth's inner and outer electron radiation belts as observed by STSAT-1 and NOAA-POES, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L16102, doi:10.1029/2010GL043989.
C1 [Park, J.; Min, K. W.; Kim, H. J.] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Taejon 305701, South Korea.
[Green, J.] NOAA, Space Environm Ctr, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Horne, R. B.; Kirsch, P.] British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge CB3 0ET, England.
[Hwang, J.] Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst, Solar & Space Weather Res Grp, Taejon 305348, South Korea.
[Luehr, H.] GFZ German Res Ctr Geosci, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany.
[Summers, D.] Mem Univ Newfoundland, Dept Math & Stat, St John, NF A1C 5S7, Canada.
[Yumoto, K.; Uozumi, T.] Kyushu Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Higashi Ku, Fukuoka 8128581, Japan.
RP Park, J (reprint author), Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, 373-1 Guseong Dong, Taejon 305701, South Korea.
EM jhpark@space.kaist.ac.kr
RI Min, Kyoung Wook/C-1948-2011;
OI Horne, Richard/0000-0002-0412-6407
FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [A-0621];
Korean Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [R31-10016]
FX We are grateful to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
(NOAA) for providing the POES data, to M. Hairston and M. Golkowski for
the help with accessing scientific data, and to G. K. Parks and C.
Rodger for valuable discussions. D. S. acknowledges support from the
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada under grant
A-0621 and from the WCU grant R31-10016 funded by the Korean Ministry of
Education, Science and Technology.
NR 18
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U1 2
U2 6
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD AUG 21
PY 2010
VL 37
AR L16102
DI 10.1029/2010GL043989
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 641OR
UT WOS:000281138200002
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, R
AF Zhang, Rong
TI Latitudinal dependence of Atlantic meridional overturning circulation
(AMOC) variations
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID VARIABILITY; MODELS; OCEAN
AB AMOC variations are often thought to propagate with the Kelvin wave speed, resulting in a short time lead between high and low latitudes AMOC variations. However as shown in this paper using a coupled climate model (GFDL CM2.1), with the existence of interior pathways of North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) from Flemish Cap to Cape Hatteras as that observed recently, AMOC variations estimated in density space propagate with the advection speed in this region, resulting in a much longer time lead (several years) between subpolar and subtropical AMOC variations and providing a more useful predictability. The results suggest that AMOC variations have significant meridional coherence in density space, and monitoring AMOC variations in density space at higher latitudes might reveal a stronger signal with a several-year time lead. Citation: Zhang, R. (2010), Latitudinal dependence of Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) variations, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L16703, doi:10.1029/2010GL044474.
C1 NOAA, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
RP Zhang, R (reprint author), NOAA, 201 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM rong.zhang@noaa.gov
RI Zhang, Rong/D-9767-2014
OI Zhang, Rong/0000-0002-8493-6556
NR 19
TC 63
Z9 63
U1 2
U2 9
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD AUG 21
PY 2010
VL 37
AR L16703
DI 10.1029/2010GL044474
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 641OR
UT WOS:000281138200007
ER
PT J
AU Kiel, JW
Mackay, ME
Kirby, BJ
Maranville, BB
Majkrzak, CF
AF Kiel, J. W.
Mackay, M. E.
Kirby, B. J.
Maranville, B. B.
Majkrzak, C. F.
TI Phase-sensitive neutron reflectometry measurements applied in the study
of photovoltaic films
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID POLYMER SOLAR-CELLS; SELF-ORGANIZATION; SURROUNDING MEDIA; MORPHOLOGY;
POLY(3-HEXYLTHIOPHENE); BLENDS; REFLECTIVITY; DIFFUSION
AB Due to low charge carrier mobilities in polymer-based solar cells, device performance is dictated by the nanoscale morphology of the active layer components. However, their morphological details are notoriously difficult to distinguish due to the low electron contrast difference between the components. Phase-sensitive neutron reflectivity (PSNR) is uniquely suited to characterize these systems due to the large, natural scattering length density difference between two common device materials, poly (3-hexylthiophene) and [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). Using PSNR we find a high concentration of PCBM at the substrate and near but not at the air interface. Herein we discuss the method of applying PSNR to polymer-based solar cells, the results obtained, and an evaluation of its effectiveness. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3471583]
C1 [Kiel, J. W.; Mackay, M. E.] Univ Delaware, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Kiel, J. W.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Kirby, B. J.; Maranville, B. B.; Majkrzak, C. F.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Neutron Scattering, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Mackay, ME (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
EM mem@udel.edu; charles.majkrzak@nist.gov
FU NSF [NIRT-0506309]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG0205ER46211]; Center
for Neutron Science at the University of Delaware
FX This work was primarily supported by NSF Grant No. NIRT-0506309 and
partially supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under research
Contract No. DE-FG0205ER46211. In addition, funding from the Center for
Neutron Science at the University of Delaware is greatly appreciated.
Commercial materials, instruments, and equipment are identified in this
paper to specify the experimental procedure as completely as possible.
In no case does such identification imply a recommendation or
endorsement by the National Institute of Standards and Technology nor
does it imply that the materials, instruments, or equipment identified
are necessarily the best available for the purpose.
NR 30
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U1 0
U2 13
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD AUG 21
PY 2010
VL 133
IS 7
AR 074902
DI 10.1063/1.3471583
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 641UC
UT WOS:000281154200041
PM 20726666
ER
PT J
AU Min, DH
Warner, MJ
Bullister, JL
AF Min, Dong-Ha
Warner, Mark J.
Bullister, John L.
TI Estimated rates of carbon tetrachloride removal in the thermocline and
deep waters of the East Sea (Sea of Japan)
SO MARINE CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Carbon tetrachloride; Chlorofluorocarbons; Removal; East Sea; Model;
Tracers
ID TRANSIENT TRACER; ANOXIC SEAWATER; ATLANTIC OCEAN; WEDDELL SEA; CFC-11;
CHLOROFLUOROCARBONS; BASIN; DEGRADATION; GROUNDWATER; HALOCARBONS
AB Dissolved carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) was measured for the first time in the East Sea (Sea of Japan) during the summer of 1999. Fairly high concentrations (>0.5 pmol kg(-1) at the minimum) of CCl(4) were observed throughout the water column to the bottom (>3500 m), with evidence of significant depletion of this compound in the well-oxygenated thermocline waters. CCl(4) loss rates below 200 m depth were estimated to range from near zero to 0.05 yr(-1) using a tracer-calibrated mixing model, and from 0.04 to 0.07 yr(-1) using the CFC-12 partial pressure (pCFC-12) age technique. The results from the mixing model and pCFC-12 age technique are in fairly good agreement in the upper 1500 m of water column, but show systematic differences in the deep waters below 1500 m that are likely due to biases in the pCFC-12 age technique. Despite relatively rapid removal in the upper 500 m water column, the low removal rates for CCl(4) in the cold, deep waters of the East Sea estimated using the mixing model (<0.02 yr(-1) for depths >2000 m) indicate that this compound can be a potentially useful quantitative ocean tracer in certain regions. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Min, Dong-Ha] Univ Texas Marine Sci Inst, Port Aransas, TX 78373 USA.
[Warner, Mark J.] Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Bullister, John L.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Min, DH (reprint author), Univ Texas Marine Sci Inst, 750 Channel View Dr, Port Aransas, TX 78373 USA.
EM dongha@mail.utexas.edu
FU National Science Foundation [OCE-9818937]
FX This work was partly supported by the National Science Foundation
(OCE-9818937). We thank D. Wisegarver for help in the ampoule analysis
at NOAA/PMEL P. Tishchienko at Pacific Oceanographic Institute directed
the glass ampoule sampling on the Khromov cruise. We thank Lynne Talley
(chief scientist) and crew of the R/V Roger Revelle and R/V Prof.
Khromov. We thank the constructive suggestions of two anonymous
reviewers and helpful discussion with R. Sonnerup. This is the
University of Texas Marine Science Institute contribution 1520.
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U1 1
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-4203
J9 MAR CHEM
JI Mar. Chem.
PD AUG 20
PY 2010
VL 121
IS 1-4
BP 100
EP 111
DI 10.1016/j.marchem.2010.03.008
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography
SC Chemistry; Oceanography
GA 711AW
UT WOS:000286559100010
ER
PT J
AU Mordy, CW
Eisner, LB
Proctor, P
Stabeno, P
Devol, AH
Shull, DH
Napp, JM
Whitledge, T
AF Mordy, Calvin W.
Eisner, Lisa B.
Proctor, Peter
Stabeno, Phyllis
Devol, Allan H.
Shull, David H.
Napp, Jeffrey M.
Whitledge, Terry
TI Temporary uncoupling of the marine nitrogen cycle: Accumulation of
nitrite on the Bering Sea shelf
SO MARINE CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Bering Sea; Nutrient cycle; Nitrite; Nitrogen cycle; Nitrification;
Denitrification
ID SUBSURFACE AMMONIUM MAXIMUM; NITRATE UPTAKE; DENITRIFICATION RATES;
PHYTOPLANKTON; SEDIMENTS; SUMMER; FIXATION; PATTERNS; PACIFIC; GROWTH
AB An unprecedented pool of nitrite (2-5.6 mu M) was observed in the well-oxygenated, ammonium-rich bottom waters of Bering Sea middle shelf in fall 2005 on two simultaneous oceanographic cruises. This nitrite pool was located in a transition zone that separated the ice-derived cold pool to the north from warmer waters to the south. The transition zone was influenced by on-shelf flow. The nitrite pool was transitory; it was not apparent 11 days after it was first observed. Several origins of the pool were considered including: truncation of sedimentary denitrification and/or curtailment of anammox (these are dominate pathways in the nitrogen cycle of the Bering Sea), nitrite release from light-limited phytoplankton (light and nutrient conditions were favorable for this mechanism), and truncation of water column nitrification (there was a small decrease of ammonium in the vicinity of the nitrite pool). The occurrence of this pool suggests a temporary uncoupling of the marine nitrogen cycle. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Mordy, Calvin W.; Proctor, Peter] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
[Eisner, Lisa B.] NOAA, Ted Stephens Marine Res Inst, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Stabeno, Phyllis] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Devol, Allan H.] Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Shull, David H.] Western Washington Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA.
[Napp, Jeffrey M.] NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Whitledge, Terry] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Marine Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
RP Mordy, CW (reprint author), Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Box 355672, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
EM Calvin.W.Mordy@noaa.gov; Lisa.Eisner@noaa.gov; Peter.Proctor@noaa.gov;
Phyllis.Stabeno@noaa.gov; devol@ocean.washington.edu;
david.shull@wwu.edu; jeff.napp@noaa.gov; terry@ims.uaf.edu
FU NOAA; NOAA's Alaska Fisheries Science Center; North Pacific Research
Board [517, 602, 701]; Arctic Yukon Kuskokwim Sustainable Salmon
Initiative (AYKSSI); NSF [ARC0612380]; Joint Institute for the Study of
the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) under NOAA [NA17RJ1232]
FX We thank the crew and officers of the NOAA ship Miller Freeman and the
F/V Sea Storm for their assistance and effort. We also thank Bill
Floering and Bill Parker for overseeing CTD and mooring operations, Eric
Wisegarver and Fred Menzia for assisting with the nutrient data, Karen
Birchfield, Nancy Kachel, Dave Kachel and Doug Jongeward for assisting
with the figures, Kristin Cieciel for assistance in BASIS data
collection, CTD processing, and database management, and Colleen Harpold
for analysis of chlorophyll samples. We also thank an anonymous reviewer
for improving the manuscript. Research was funded by NOAA's North
Pacific Climate Regimes and Ecosystem Productivity Program, NOAA's
Fisheries and the Environment (FATE) Program, NOAA's Alaska Fisheries
Science Center, the North Pacific Research Board (Grants: #517, 602 and
701 to PJS), the Arctic Yukon Kuskokwim Sustainable Salmon Initiative
(AYKSSI), and NSF's Office of Polar Programs (Grant ARC0612380 to AHD
and DHS). This publication is partially funded by the Joint Institute
for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) under NOAA Cooperative
Agreement No. NA17RJ1232. This research is contribution EcoFOCI-N707 to
NOAA's Ecosystems and Fisheries-Oceanography Coordinated Investigations,
contribution 3287 to NOAA's Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, and
contribution 1741 to JISAO.
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-4203
J9 MAR CHEM
JI Mar. Chem.
PD AUG 20
PY 2010
VL 121
IS 1-4
BP 157
EP 166
DI 10.1016/j.marchem.2010.04.004
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography
SC Chemistry; Oceanography
GA 711AW
UT WOS:000286559100015
ER
PT J
AU Langford, AO
Tucker, SC
Senff, CJ
Banta, RM
Brewer, WA
Alvarez, RJ
Hardesty, RM
Lerner, BM
Williams, EJ
AF Langford, A. O.
Tucker, S. C.
Senff, C. J.
Banta, R. M.
Brewer, W. A.
Alvarez, R. J., II
Hardesty, R. M.
Lerner, B. M.
Williams, E. J.
TI Convective venting and surface ozone in Houston during TexAQS 2006
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID BOUNDARY-LAYER; MIXED-LAYER; ENTRAINMENT ZONE; SHALLOW CUMULUS;
TRANSPORT; CLOUDS; SCHEME; LIDAR
AB The influence of convective mixing on surface ozone in Houston during TexAQS 2006 is examined. We use airborne lidar measurements of ozone and ship-based Doppler lidar measurements of winds, together with ship- and ground-based measurements of surface ozone to characterize horizontal and vertical mixing of ozone plumes from the Houston Ship Channel on two high-ozone days. We show that a stable capping layer trapped the plume in the boundary layer on 31 August, while shallow convection associated with active fair weather cumulus clouds mixed the plume with free tropospheric air on 17 August. Deep convection associated with an isolated air mass thunderstorm further decreased surface ozone near Galveston Bay in the late afternoon. High ozone thus affected a smaller area for a shorter period on 17 August, despite similar background concentrations and local production. We generalize these findings by comparing Houston ozone concentrations to National Weather Service ( Lake Charles, LA) radiosondes. We show that for 1 June to 15 September 2006, stable conditions with high background ozone occurred 18% of the days leading to mean daily 8 h concentrations of 73 +/- 11 ppbv. Shallow and deep convection associated with moderate to strongly unstable conditions lowered the mean ozone to 50 +/- 11 ppbv (similar to 29% of days), while weaker convection associated with marginally unstable conditions reduced the mean concentrations to 63 +/- 13 ppbv (similar to 11%). We use these observations to derive simple relationships between surface ozone and convective indicators that may prove useful for parameterization of convective venting in air quality models.
C1 [Langford, A. O.; Tucker, S. C.; Senff, C. J.; Banta, R. M.; Brewer, W. A.; Alvarez, R. J., II; Hardesty, R. M.; Lerner, B. M.; Williams, E. J.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Tucker, S. C.; Senff, C. J.; Lerner, B. M.; Williams, E. J.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Langford, AO (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, 325 Broadway,R CSD3, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM andrew.o.langford@noaa.gov
RI Langford, Andrew/D-2323-2009; Hardesty, Robert/H-9844-2013; Williams,
Eric/F-1184-2010; Senff, Christoph/I-2592-2013; Brewer, Wm
Alan/I-3920-2013; Alvarez, Raul/I-4879-2013; Lerner, Brian/H-6556-2013;
Banta, Robert/B-8361-2008; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Langford, Andrew/0000-0002-2932-7061; Lerner, Brian/0000-0001-8721-8165;
FU NOAA [582-8-86246]
FX The authors would like to thank Scott Sandberg, Richard Marchbanks,
Brandi McCarty Ann Weickmann, and Lisa Darby for their help with the
TOPAZ and HRDL instrumentation and data analysis during the TexAQS 2006
experiment. The authors would like to acknowledge support from NOAA
Health of the Atmosphere program, Texas Commission on Environmental
Quality (grant 582-8-86246), the officers and crew of the R/V Ronald H.
Brown, and NOAA Twin Otter. The authors also thank Dan Wolfe of
NOAA/ESRL for providing the R/V Brown radiosonde data and the TCEQ
Monitoring Operations Division for permission to reproduce the contour
plots in Figure 1. Finally, the authors gratefully acknowledge the NOAA
Air Resources Laboratory (ARL) for the provision of the HYSPLIT
transport and dispersion model and/or READY Web site
(http://www.arl.noaa.gov/ready.php) used in this publication.
NR 43
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 14
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD AUG 20
PY 2010
VL 115
AR D16305
DI 10.1029/2009JD013301
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 641QF
UT WOS:000281144100004
ER
PT J
AU Cardone, A
Hassan, SA
Albers, RW
Sriram, RD
Pant, HC
AF Cardone, A.
Hassan, S. A.
Albers, R. W.
Sriram, R. D.
Pant, H. C.
TI Structural and Dynamic Determinants of Ligand Binding and Regulation of
Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5 by Pathological Activator p25 and Inhibitory
Peptide CIP
SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE cdk5; CIP; kinase; regulation; dynamics
ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; TRYPSIN-INHIBITOR; CDK5 ACTIVATOR; PROTEIN; P35;
HYPERPHOSPHORYLATION; FLUCTUATIONS; DOMAINS; MOTIONS; DISEASE
AB The crystal structure of the cdk5/p25 complex has provided information on possible molecular mechanisms of the ligand binding, specificity, and regulation of the kinase. Comparative molecular dynamics simulations are reported here for physiological conditions. This study provides new insight on the mechanisms that modulate such processes, which may be exploited to control pathological activation by p25. The structural changes observed in the kinase are stabilized by a network of interactions involving highly conserved residues within the cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk) family. Collective motions of the proteins (cdk5, p25, and CIP) and their complexes are identified by principal component analysis, revealing two conformational states of the activation loop upon p25 complexation, which are absent in the uncomplexed kinase and not apparent from the crystal. Simulations of the uncomplexed inhibitor CIP show structural rearrangements and increased flexibility of the interfacial loop containing the critical residue E240, which becomes fully hydrated and available for interactions with one of several positively charged residues in the kinase. These changes provide a rationale for the observed high affinity and enhanced inhibitory action of CIP when compared to either p25 or the physiological activators of cdk5. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Hassan, S. A.] NIH, Ctr Mol Modeling, Div Computat Biosci, Ctr Informat Technol, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Cardone, A.; Sriram, R. D.] NIST, Informat Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Cardone, A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mech Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Albers, R. W.] Natl Inst Neurol Disorders & Stroke, Enzyme Chem Sect, Neurochem Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Pant, H. C.] Natl Inst Neurol Disorders & Stroke, Neuronal Cytoskeletal Prot Regulat Sect, Neurochem Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
RP Hassan, SA (reprint author), NIH, Ctr Mol Modeling, Div Computat Biosci, Ctr Informat Technol, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
EM mago@helix.nih.gov
FU National Institutes of Health through the Center for Information
Technology; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke;
Internal National Institute of Standards and Technology
FX This study utilized the high-performance computer capabilities of the
Biowulf PC/Linux cluster at the National Institutes of Health. This work
was supported by the National Institutes of Health Intramural Research
Program through the Center for Information Technology and the National
Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, and by the Internal
National Institute of Standards and Technology Research Fund.
NR 39
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 5
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0022-2836
J9 J MOL BIOL
JI J. Mol. Biol.
PD AUG 20
PY 2010
VL 401
IS 3
BP 478
EP 492
DI 10.1016/j.jmb.2010.06.040
PG 15
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 641ZB
UT WOS:000281171000012
PM 20599546
ER
PT J
AU Peischl, J
Ryerson, TB
Holloway, JS
Parrish, DD
Trainer, M
Frost, GJ
Aikin, KC
Brown, SS
Dube, WP
Stark, H
Fehsenfeld, FC
AF Peischl, J.
Ryerson, T. B.
Holloway, J. S.
Parrish, D. D.
Trainer, M.
Frost, G. J.
Aikin, K. C.
Brown, S. S.
Dube, W. P.
Stark, H.
Fehsenfeld, F. C.
TI A top-down analysis of emissions from selected Texas power plants during
TexAQS 2000 and 2006
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID CARBON-MONOXIDE; OZONE FORMATION; AIR; DISTRIBUTIONS; AEROSOLS; PLUMES;
SYSTEM; SCALE; NOX
AB Airborne measurements were taken downwind of eleven Texas power generation facilities in 2000 and 2006 as part of the two Texas Air Quality Study (TexAQS) campaigns. From these measurements, we determine emission ratios of NOx (= NO + NO2), SO2, and CO to coemitted CO2 for each facility. These measurements provide an independent external assessment of reported emission ratios from continuous emission monitoring systems (CEMS). During the TexAQS study years, we find the SO2/CO2 and NOx/CO2 emission ratios derived from measurements aboard the aircraft agree quantitatively with inventory values from CEMS, with standard deviations of less than +/- 14%. We document significant decreases in atmospheric mixing ratios of NOx as a result of emission reductions due to controls implemented at the W. A. Parish plant after TexAQS 2000. For several of the facilities, CO emissions appear relatively constant in time. Derived CO/CO2 emission ratios agree substantially better with Texas Commission on Environmental Quality inventories in 2006 than in 2000, which we attribute to better inventory data from three facilities that installed CO CEMS between the two study years and not because of any significant change in CO emissions. Other plants appear to have varying CO emissions over time, complicating comparison to annual inventory values. Finally, we use two independent NO2 measurements, along with measurements of O-3, NO3, and N2O5, to quantify the fraction of NOx directly emitted as NO2 from the Oklaunion Power Plant, providing the first quantitative estimate of NO2 emissions from a power generation facility using ambient data.
C1 [Peischl, J.; Holloway, J. S.; Frost, G. J.; Aikin, K. C.; Dube, W. P.; Stark, H.; Fehsenfeld, F. C.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Peischl, J.; Ryerson, T. B.; Holloway, J. S.; Parrish, D. D.; Trainer, M.; Frost, G. J.; Aikin, K. C.; Brown, S. S.; Dube, W. P.; Stark, H.; Fehsenfeld, F. C.] NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Peischl, J (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM jeff.peischl@noaa.gov
RI Peischl, Jeff/E-7454-2010; Parrish, David/E-8957-2010; Stark,
Harald/E-7433-2010; Holloway, John/F-9911-2012; Trainer,
Michael/H-5168-2013; Ryerson, Tom/C-9611-2009; Dube,
William/I-1658-2013; Brown, Steven/I-1762-2013; Frost,
Gregory/I-1958-2013; Aikin, Kenneth/I-1973-2013; Fehsenfeld,
Frederick/I-4876-2013; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Peischl, Jeff/0000-0002-9320-7101; Parrish, David/0000-0001-6312-2724;
Holloway, John/0000-0002-4585-9594; Dube, William/0000-0003-1286-4087;
NR 24
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 12
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD AUG 19
PY 2010
VL 115
AR D16303
DI 10.1029/2009JD013527
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 641QE
UT WOS:000281144000001
ER
PT J
AU Arora, B
Safronova, MS
Clark, CW
AF Arora, Bindiya
Safronova, M. S.
Clark, Charles W.
TI State-insensitive bichromatic optical trapping
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID ALKALI-METAL ATOMS; ALL-ORDER CALCULATIONS; MATRIX-ELEMENTS; DIPOLE
POLARIZABILITIES; RYDBERG BLOCKADE; LATTICE; CONSTANTS; ENERGIES;
HELIUM; SHIFT
AB We study a scheme for state-insensitive trapping of neutral atoms by using light with two independent wavelengths. In particular, we describe the use of trapping and control lasers to minimize the variance of the potential experienced by a trapped Rb atom in ground and excited states. We present calculated values of wavelength pairs for which the 5s and 5(p3/2) levels have the same ac Stark shifts in the presence of two laser fields.
C1 [Arora, Bindiya; Safronova, M. S.] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Clark, Charles W.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Clark, Charles W.] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Arora, Bindiya] Guru Nanak Dev Univ, Dept Phys, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India.
RP Arora, B (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
RI Clark, Charles/A-8594-2009
OI Clark, Charles/0000-0001-8724-9885
FU U.S. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and
Technology; National Science Foundation under Physics Frontiers Center
[PHY-0822671]
FX This research was performed under the sponsorship of the U.S. Department
of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology, and was
supported by the National Science Foundation under Physics Frontiers
Center Grant No. PHY-0822671.
NR 29
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD AUG 19
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 2
AR 022509
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.82.022509
PG 5
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 640PI
UT WOS:000281063500005
ER
PT J
AU Dutton, GJ
Jin, W
Reutt-Robey, JE
Robey, SW
AF Dutton, G. J.
Jin, W.
Reutt-Robey, J. E.
Robey, S. W.
TI Ultrafast charge-transfer processes at an oriented phthalocyanine/C-60
interface
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID PHOTOINDUCED ELECTRON-TRANSFER; MOLECULE-METAL INTERFACES; SPECTRA;
SEMICONDUCTOR; RATES; FILMS; TIME
AB The ultrafast dynamics at a well-characterized CuPc/C-60 organic photovoltaic heterojunction have been directly measured with time-resolved two-photon photoemission (TR-2PPE). Phthalocyanine/C-60 donor-acceptor interfaces, characterized in detail via scanning tunneling microscopy, provide model systems for studies of critical charge separation and recombination processes that determine device performance. TR-2PPE studies of copper phthalocyanine (CuPc)/C-60 interfaces reveal ultrafast charge separation and provide evidence for recombination via low-lying CuPc triplet levels.
C1 [Dutton, G. J.; Robey, S. W.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Jin, W.; Reutt-Robey, J. E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Dutton, GJ (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RI Reutt-Robey, Janice /C-3517-2009; Dutton, Gregory/J-8870-2016
OI Reutt-Robey, Janice /0000-0002-9309-7854; Dutton,
Gregory/0000-0002-1483-604X
FU National Science Foundation [DMR-05-2047]; Surface Analytical Chemistry
Program [CHE0750203]
FX Support was provided by the National Science Foundation under MRSEC
Program, Grant No. DMR-05-2047, the Surface Analytical Chemistry Program
under Grant No. CHE0750203 and MRSEC shared equipment facilities. We
also thank A. Hamins-Puertolas for initial data analysis and D. B.
Dougherty for experimental assistance.
NR 27
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 40
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 19
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 7
AR 073407
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.073407
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 640PS
UT WOS:000281064500003
ER
PT J
AU Torres, JM
Stafford, CM
Vogt, BD
AF Torres, Jessica M.
Stafford, Christopher M.
Vogt, Bryan D.
TI Impact of molecular mass on the elastic modulus of thin polystyrene
films
SO POLYMER
LA English
DT Article
DE Wrinkling; Nanomechanics; Thin films
ID GLASS-TRANSITION TEMPERATURE; ULTRATHIN POLYMER-FILMS;
MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; LENGTH SCALE; SURFACE; CONFINEMENT; INTERFACE;
DYNAMICS; SIZE; THICKNESS
AB Surface wrinkling was used to determine the elastic modulus at ambient temperature of polystyrene (PS) films of varying thickness and relative molecular mass (M(n)). A range of M(n) from 1.2 kg/mol to 990 kg/mol was examined to determine if the molecular size impacts the mechanical properties at the nanoscale. Ultrathin films exhibited a decrease in modulus for all molecular masses studied here compared to the bulk value. For M(n) > 3.2 kg/mol, the fractional change in modulus was statistically independent of molecular mass and the modulus began to deviate from the bulk as the thickness is decreased below approximate to 50 nm. An order of magnitude decrease in the elastic modulus was found when the film thickness was approximate to 15 nm, irrespective of M(n). However, an increase in the length scale for nanoconfinement was observed as the molecular mass was decreased below this threshold. The modulus of thin PS films with a molecular mass of 1.2 kg/mol deviated from bulk behavior when the film thickness was decreased below approximate to 100 nm. This result illustrates that the modulus of thin PS films does not scale with molecular size. Rather, the quench depth into the glass appears to correlate well with the length scale at which the modulus of the films deviates from the bulk, in agreement with molecular simulations from de Pablo and coworkers [31] and recent experimental work [35]. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Torres, Jessica M.; Vogt, Bryan D.] Arizona State Univ, Flexible Display Ctr, Tempe, AZ 85284 USA.
[Stafford, Christopher M.] NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Vogt, BD (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Flexible Display Ctr, Tempe, AZ 85284 USA.
EM bryan.vogt@asu.edu
FU National Science Foundation [0653989-CMMI]
FX This work was financially supported by the National Science Foundation
under grant #0653989-CMMI. We gratefully acknowledge the use of
facilities within the LeRoy Eyring Center for Solid State Science at
Arizona State University. We thank Dr. Dallas Kingsbury for assistance
with Instron measurements, Dr. Chad R. Snyder for DSC measurements, and
Ms. Kathy M. Flynn for GPC measurements.
NR 53
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 1
U2 33
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0032-3861
J9 POLYMER
JI Polymer
PD AUG 19
PY 2010
VL 51
IS 18
BP 4211
EP 4217
DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2010.07.003
PG 7
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 640LG
UT WOS:000281052100024
ER
PT J
AU Matan, K
Ibuka, S
Morinaga, R
Chi, SX
Lynn, JW
Christianson, AD
Lumsden, MD
Sato, TJ
AF Matan, K.
Ibuka, S.
Morinaga, R.
Chi, Songxue
Lynn, J. W.
Christianson, A. D.
Lumsden, M. D.
Sato, T. J.
TI Doping dependence of spin dynamics in electron-doped Ba(Fe1-xCox)(2)As-2
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID LOW-TEMPERATURES; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
AB The spin dynamics in single crystal, electron-doped Ba(Fe1-xCox)(2)As-2 has been investigated by inelastic neutron scattering over the full range from undoped to the overdoped regime. We observe damped magnetic fluctuations in the normal state of the optimally doped compound (x= 0.06) that share a remarkable similarity with those in the paramagnetic state of the parent compound (x= 0). In the overdoped superconducting compound (x=0.14), magnetic excitations show a gaplike behavior, possibly related to a topological change in the hole Fermi surface (Lifshitz transition) while the imaginary part of the spin susceptibility chi '' prominently resembles that of the overdoped cuprates. For the heavily overdoped, nonsuperconducting compound (x=0.24) the magnetic scattering disappears, which could be attributed to the absence of a hole Fermi-surface pocket observed by photoemission.
C1 [Matan, K.] Mahidol Univ, Dept Phys, Fac Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
[Matan, K.; Ibuka, S.; Morinaga, R.; Sato, T. J.] Univ Tokyo, Neutron Sci Lab, Inst Solid State Phys, Ibaraki 3191106, Japan.
[Matan, K.; Ibuka, S.; Morinaga, R.; Sato, T. J.] JST, TRIP, Chiyoda Ku, Tokyo 1020075, Japan.
[Chi, Songxue; Lynn, J. W.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Chi, Songxue] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Christianson, A. D.; Lumsden, M. D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
RP Matan, K (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Neutron Sci Lab, Inst Solid State Phys, 106-1 Shirakata, Ibaraki 3191106, Japan.
EM kmatan@issp.u-tokyo.ac.jp; taku@issp.u-tokyo.ac.jp
RI Sato, Taku/I-7664-2015; christianson, andrew/A-3277-2016; Chi,
Songxue/A-6713-2013; Lumsden, Mark/F-5366-2012;
OI Sato, Taku/0000-0003-2511-4998; christianson,
andrew/0000-0003-3369-5884; Chi, Songxue/0000-0002-3851-9153; Lumsden,
Mark/0000-0002-5472-9660; Ibuka, Soshi/0000-0001-9295-5442
FU Division of Scientific User Facilities, Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
U.S. DOE; U.S.-Japan cooperative program on neutron-scattering research
FX We thank H. Yoshizawa, T. Mizokawa, H. Ikeda, K. Ohgushi, and K. Ishida
for valuable discussions. This work is partly supported by the
U.S.-Japan cooperative program on neutron-scattering research. Part of
this work was supported by the Division of Scientific User Facilities,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. DOE.
NR 35
TC 34
Z9 34
U1 0
U2 13
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 18
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 5
AR 054515
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.054515
PG 5
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 639ZN
UT WOS:000281016400003
ER
PT J
AU Heron, SF
Willis, BL
Skirving, WJ
Eakin, CM
Page, CA
Miller, IR
AF Heron, Scott F.
Willis, Bette L.
Skirving, William J.
Eakin, C. Mark
Page, Cathie A.
Miller, Ian R.
TI Summer Hot Snaps and Winter Conditions: Modelling White Syndrome
Outbreaks on Great Barrier Reef Corals
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID DYNAMICS; DISEASE; TEMPERATURE; AUSTRALIA; PATTERNS; ECOLOGY; SHIFTS
AB Coral reefs are under increasing pressure in a changing climate, one such threat being more frequent and destructive outbreaks of coral diseases. Thermal stress from rising temperatures has been implicated as a causal factor in disease outbreaks observed on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia, and elsewhere in the world. Here, we examine seasonal effects of satellite-derived temperature on the abundance of coral diseases known as white syndromes on the Great Barrier Reef, considering both warm stress during summer and deviations from mean temperatures during the preceding winter. We found a high correlation (r(2) = 0.953) between summer warm thermal anomalies (Hot Snap) and disease abundance during outbreak events. Inclusion of thermal conditions during the preceding winter revealed that a significant reduction in disease outbreaks occurred following especially cold winters (Cold Snap), potentially related to a reduction in pathogen loading. Furthermore, mild winters (i.e., neither excessively cool nor warm) frequently preceded disease outbreaks. In contrast, disease outbreaks did not typically occur following warm winters, potentially because of increased disease resistance of the coral host. Understanding the balance between the effects of warm and cold winters on disease outbreak will be important in a warming climate. Combining the influence of winter and summer thermal effects resulted in an algorithm that yields both a Seasonal Outlook of disease risk at the conclusion of winter and near real-time monitoring of Outbreak Risk during summer. This satellite-derived system can provide coral reef managers with an assessment of risk three-to-six months in advance of the summer season that can then be refined using near-real-time summer observations. This system can enhance the capacity of managers to prepare for and respond to possible disease outbreaks and focus research efforts to increase understanding of environmental impacts on coral disease in this era of rapidly changing climate.
C1 [Heron, Scott F.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Townsville, Qld, Australia.
[Heron, Scott F.; Skirving, William J.] James Cook Univ, Dept Phys, Sch Engn & Phys Sci, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
[Heron, Scott F.; Skirving, William J.] James Cook Univ, Marine Geophys Lab, Sch Engn & Phys Sci, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
[Willis, Bette L.; Page, Cathie A.] James Cook Univ, Sch Marine & Trop Biol, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
[Willis, Bette L.; Page, Cathie A.] James Cook Univ, ARC Ctr Excellence Coral Reef Studies, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
[Eakin, C. Mark] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Miller, Ian R.] Australian Inst Marine Sci, Long Term Monitoring Program, Townsville, Qld 4810, Australia.
RP Heron, SF (reprint author), Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Townsville, Qld, Australia.
EM scott.heron@noaa.gov
RI Heron, Scott/E-7928-2011; Skirving, William/E-7927-2011; Eakin, C.
Mark/F-5585-2010
OI Skirving, William/0000-0003-0167-6427;
FU NOAA; World Bank/Global Environment Facility Coral Reef Targeted
Research Remote Sensing and Coral Disease Working Groups; Marine and
Tropical Sciences
FX This work was supported by the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program; the
World Bank/Global Environment Facility Coral Reef Targeted Research
Remote Sensing and Coral Disease Working Groups; and the Marine and
Tropical Sciences Research Facility. The funders had no role in study
design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript.
NR 28
TC 45
Z9 45
U1 1
U2 11
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD AUG 17
PY 2010
VL 5
IS 8
AR e12210
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0012210
PG 11
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 639II
UT WOS:000280968100014
PM 20808912
ER
PT J
AU Phelan, D
Millican, JN
Gehring, PM
AF Phelan, D.
Millican, J. N.
Gehring, P. M.
TI Dissimilarity of polar displacements in barium and lead based relaxors
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID X-RAY; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; CERAMICS; PBMG1/3NB2/3O3; TRANSITION;
BEHAVIOR; PHASE
AB Powder neutron diffraction experiments were performed on the relaxor compound, Ba(Zn1/3Nb2/3)(0.95)Ti0.05O3, which was recently shown to have stronger frequency dependence in its permittivity than many Pb-based relaxors (PBR), such as PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3 [L. Khemakhem et al., J. Alloys Compd. 452, 451 (2008)]. Several notable differences in structural properties were observed in the present measurements compared to PBR. In particular, much smaller atomic displacement parameters were found, especially on the A (Ba) site, which indicates that the local shifts of the Ba atoms are much smaller than the Pb shifts in PBR. Moreover, no signature of electrostrictive strain is apparent in the thermal expansion, and instead the thermal expansion is much larger at low temperatures than for PBR. [doi:10.1063/1.3479524]
C1 [Phelan, D.; Millican, J. N.; Gehring, P. M.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Phelan, D (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM daniel.phelan@nist.gov
OI Gehring, Peter/0000-0002-9236-2046
NR 25
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD AUG 16
PY 2010
VL 97
IS 7
AR 072903
DI 10.1063/1.3479524
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 641TW
UT WOS:000281153600062
ER
PT J
AU Siemens, ME
Moody, G
Li, HB
Bristow, AD
Cundiff, ST
AF Siemens, Mark E.
Moody, Galan
Li, Hebin
Bristow, Alan D.
Cundiff, Steven T.
TI Resonance lineshapes in two-dimensional Fourier transform spectroscopy
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; SEMICONDUCTORS; SPECTRA
AB We derive an analytical form for resonance lineshapes in two-dimensional (2D) Fourier transform spectroscopy. Our starting point is the solution of the optical Bloch equations for a two-level system in the 2D time domain. Application of the projection-slice theorem of 2D Fourier transforms reveals the form of diagonal and cross-diagonal slices in the 2D frequency data for arbitrary inhomogeneity. The results are applied in quantitative measurements of homogeneous and inhomogeneous broadening of multiple resonances in experimental data. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America
C1 [Siemens, Mark E.; Moody, Galan; Li, Hebin; Bristow, Alan D.; Cundiff, Steven T.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Siemens, Mark E.; Moody, Galan; Li, Hebin; Bristow, Alan D.; Cundiff, Steven T.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Moody, Galan; Cundiff, Steven T.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Siemens, ME (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM cundiffs@jila.colorado.edu
RI Cundiff, Steven/B-4974-2009; Li, Hebin/A-8711-2009; Bristow,
Alan/F-9703-2013; Moody, Galan/J-5811-2014
OI Cundiff, Steven/0000-0002-7119-5197; Moody, Galan/0000-0001-7263-1483
FU National Science Foundation; Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and
Biosciences Division Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of
Energy; National Academy of Sciences/National Research Council
FX The authors would like to thank David Jonas and Warren Warren for
helpful discussions and Richard Mirin for providing samples. This work
was supported by National Science Foundation and the Chemical Sciences,
Geosciences, and Biosciences Division Office of Basic Energy Sciences,
U.S. Department of Energy. MES acknowledges funding from the National
Academy of Sciences/National Research Council postdoctoral fellows
program.
NR 28
TC 46
Z9 46
U1 1
U2 13
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD AUG 16
PY 2010
VL 18
IS 17
BP 17699
EP 17708
DI 10.1364/OE.18.017699
PG 10
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 640LZ
UT WOS:000281054400013
PM 20721156
ER
PT J
AU Lovestead, TM
Bruno, TJ
AF Lovestead, Tara M.
Bruno, Thomas J.
TI Detection of poultry spoilage markers from headspace analysis with
cryoadsorption on a short alumina PLOT column
SO FOOD CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Adsorption; Chicken; Gas chromatography; Headspace; Mass spectrometry;
Poultry; Purge and trap; Spoilage
ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; AROMA COMPONENTS;
IDENTIFICATION; CHICKEN; STORAGE; PARTS; WATER; PORK
AB A rapid and simple diagnostic tool for the early detection of meat spoilage would be invaluable to ensure meat quality during production, distribution, and retail. Recently, we developed an improved purge and trap method for sampling low volatility, as well as volatile, compounds by applying low temperature collection on short alumina-coated porous layer open tubular (PLOT) columns. This method was applied to the analysis of both fresh and spoiled poultry to identify marker compounds that could be used as indicators for poultry spoilage. Samples of chicken breast were crimp-sealed in individual autosampler vials and maintained at 25 degrees C for either a day or 2 weeks. Two weeks were sufficient to ensure severe spoilage. The headspace was sampled by cryoadsorption for 10, 20, or 30 min; and the analytes were then separated, identified, and quantified with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Six potential markers for poultry spoilage were identified in the headspace of spoiled chicken: dimethyl disulphide; dimethyl trisulphide; phenyl sulphide; methyl thiolacetate; allyl methyl sulphide; and 2,4,6-trimethylpyridine. Additionally, isophorone was detected in the headspace of both the fresh and the spoiled chicken; its origin is unknown but is suspected to come from the packaging. The applicability of this method to detect chicken spoilage in a commercial setting was tested by sampling the air above spoiled chicken breast that was maintained in its original retail packaging, as obtained direct from a commercial vendor, for 2 weeks at 25 degrees C. Sampling was done via a modified, room-temperature approach with an activated PLOT column and a motorised pipette filler/dispenser. Five of the above compounds were also identified with this approach: dimethyl disulphide; dimethyl trisulphide; phenyl sulphide; 2,4,6-trimethylpyridine; and isophorone. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Lovestead, Tara M.; Bruno, Thomas J.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Thermophys Properties Div, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Bruno, TJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Thermophys Properties Div, Boulder, CO USA.
EM bruno@boulder.nist.gov
FU National Academy of Sciences/National Research Council
FX TML acknowledges a Professional Research Experiences Program and a
National Academy of Sciences/National Research Council postdoctoral
fellowship, both at NIST.
NR 32
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 13
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0308-8146
J9 FOOD CHEM
JI Food Chem.
PD AUG 15
PY 2010
VL 121
IS 4
BP 1274
EP 1282
DI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.01.044
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics
SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics
GA 588XE
UT WOS:000277107100049
ER
PT J
AU Gillman, ES
Costello, D
Moreno, M
Raspopin, A
Kasica, R
Chen, L
AF Gillman, E. S.
Costello, D.
Moreno, M.
Raspopin, A.
Kasica, R.
Chen, L.
TI Polymer-assisted conformal coating of TiO(2) thin films
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
AB Conformal coating of nanofabricated structures with a high-index dielectric material is a common problem for a diverse set of integrated photonic and plasmonic devices such as planar waveguides, on-chip spectrometers, gratings, flat panel displays, optical sensors, and integrated optical devices. In this paper we were recently able to demonstrate an alternate method for conformally coating photonic nanostructures using a low cost, polymer-assisted deposition (PAD) process for the metal-oxide TiO(2). In a PAD process a thermally curable, hybrid high refractive index polymer solution is spin-coated onto a substrate. The polymer controls the viscosity and binds the metal ions, resulting in a homogeneous distribution of the precursor in solution. When cured at elevated temperature, the hybrid polymer coating decomposes to form a metal oxide-rich film that has a high refractive index that conformally fills the voids in nanofabricated structures. The resulting films have refractive indices higher than 1.83 in the visible region and film thicknesses between 250-500 nm depending on the level of metal-oxide loading, cure temperature, and number of coatings. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3443574]
C1 [Gillman, E. S.; Costello, D.; Moreno, M.; Raspopin, A.] Senspex, Albuquerque, NM 87114 USA.
[Kasica, R.; Chen, L.] NIST, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Gillman, ES (reprint author), Senspex, Albuquerque, NM 87114 USA.
EM egillman@senspex.com
FU EPA [EPD09033]
FX Research performed in part at the NIST Center for Nano-scale Science and
Technology. EPA under Contract No. EPD09033.
NR 10
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 16
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD AUG 15
PY 2010
VL 108
IS 4
AR 044310
DI 10.1063/1.3443574
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 650NV
UT WOS:000281857100114
ER
PT J
AU Pegion, PJ
Kumar, A
AF Pegion, Philip J.
Kumar, Arun
TI Multimodel Estimates of Atmospheric Response to Modes of SST Variability
and Implications for Droughts
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID CENTRAL UNITED-STATES; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; CLIMATE VARIABILITY;
NORTH-AMERICAN; PART I; OCEAN; LAND; US; PRECIPITATION; SIMULATIONS
AB A set of idealized global model experiments was performed by several modeling centers as part of the Drought Working Group of the U.S. Climate Variability and Predictability component of the World Climate Research Programme (CLIVAR). The purpose of the experiments was to assess the role of the leading modes of sea surface temperature (SST) variability on the climate over the continents, with particular emphasis on the influence of SSTs on surface climate variability and droughts over the United States. An analysis based on several models gives more creditability to the results since it relies on the assessment of impacts that are robust across different models.
Coordinated atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) simulations forced with three modes of SST variability were analyzed. The results show that the SST-forced precipitation variability over the central United States is dominated by the SST mode with maximum loading in the central Pacific Ocean. The SST mode with loading in the Atlantic Ocean, and a mode that is dominated by trends in SSTs, lead to a smaller response.
Based on the response to the idealized SSTs, the precipitation response for the twentieth century was also reconstructed. A comparison with the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP) simulations forced with the observed SSTs illustrates that the reconstructed precipitation variability was similar to the one in the AMIP simulations, further supporting the conclusion that the SST modes identified in the present analysis play a dominant role in the precipitation variability over the United States. One notable exception is the Dust Bowl of the 1930s, and further analysis regarding this major climate extreme is discussed.
C1 [Pegion, Philip J.; Kumar, Arun] NOAA, NWS, NCEP, Climate Predict Ctr, Camp Springs, MD USA.
RP Pegion, PJ (reprint author), NOAA, ESRL, PSD, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM philip.pegion@noaa.gov
RI Pegion, Philip/E-5247-2012
FU NASA; NOAA; NSF
FX This work was carried out as part of a U.S. CLIVAR drought working group
activity supported by NASA, NOAA, and the NSF to coordinate and compare
climate model simulations forced with a common set of idealized SST
patterns. The authors thank NASA's Global Modeling and Assimilation
Office (GMAO) for making the NSIPP1 runs available, the Lamont-Doherty
Earth Observatory of Columbia University for making their CCM3 runs
available, NOAA's Climate Prediction Center/Climate Test Bed (CPC/CTB)
for making the GFS runs available, NOAA's Geophysical Fluid Dynamics
Laboratory (GFDL) for making the AM2.1 runs available, the National
Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) for making the CAM3.5 runs
available, and the Center for Ocean Land Atmosphere (COLA), and the
University of Miami's Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric
Science for making the CCSM3.0 coupled model runs available.
NR 38
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD AUG 15
PY 2010
VL 23
IS 16
BP 4327
EP 4341
DI 10.1175/2010JCLI3295.1
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 646CG
UT WOS:000281512600003
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, XB
McPhaden, MJ
AF Zhang, Xuebin
McPhaden, Michael J.
TI Surface Layer Heat Balance in the Eastern Equatorial Pacific Ocean on
Interannual Time Scales: Influence of Local versus Remote Wind Forcing
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID 1997-98 EL-NINO; TROPICAL INSTABILITY WAVES; ZONAL ADVECTIVE FEEDBACKS;
SEASONAL CYCLE; TEMPERATURE CLIMATOLOGY; SOUTHERN OSCILLATION; WARMING
EVENT; PART II; MODEL; VARIABILITY
AB The authors use a new and novel heat balance formalism for the upper 50 m of the Nino-3 region (5 degrees N-5 degrees S, 90 degrees-150 degrees W) to investigate the oceanographic processes underlying interannual sea surface temperature (SST) variations in the eastern equatorial Pacific. The focus is on a better understanding of the relationship between local and remote atmospheric forcing in generating SST anomalies associated with El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events. The heat balance analysis indicates that heat advection across 50-m depth and across 150 degrees W are the important oceanic mechanisms responsible for temperature variations with the former being dominant. On the other hand, net surface heat flux adjusted for penetrative radiation damps SST. Jointly. these processes can explain most of interannual variations in temperature tendency averaged over the Nino-3 region. Decomposition of vertical advection across the bottom indicates that the mean seasonal advection of anomalous temperature (the so-called thermocline feedback) dominates and is highly correlated with 20 degrees C isotherm depth variations, which are mainly forced by remote winds in the western and central equatorial Pacific. Temperature advection by anomalous vertical velocity (the "Ekman feedback"), which is highly correlated with local zonal wind stress variations, is smaller with an amplitude of about 40% on average of remotely forced vertical heat advection. These results support those of recent empirical and modeling studies in which local atmospheric forcing, while not dominant, significantly affects ENSO SST variations in the eastern equatorial Pacific.
C1 [Zhang, Xuebin] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[McPhaden, Michael J.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Zhang, XB (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, 9500 Gilman Dr,0230, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM xbzhang@ucsd.edu
RI Zhang, Xuebin/A-3405-2012; McPhaden, Michael/D-9799-2016
OI Zhang, Xuebin/0000-0003-1731-3524;
FU NOAA's Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research; Joint Institute for
the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO)
FX We thank Billy Kessler of NOAA/PMEL, LuAnne Thompson, Charles Eriksen,
Paul Quay, and Mike Wallace of the University of Washington for their
suggestions and comments. Three anonymous reviewers provided valuable
comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. This research was
supported by NOAA's Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research and its
Climate Program Office and partially by the Joint Institute for the
Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO).
NR 68
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD AUG 15
PY 2010
VL 23
IS 16
BP 4375
EP 4394
DI 10.1175/2010JCLI3469.1
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 646CG
UT WOS:000281512600006
ER
PT J
AU Silber, GK
Slutsky, J
Bettridge, S
AF Silber, Gregory K.
Slutsky, Jonathan
Bettridge, Shannon
TI Hydrodynamics of a ship/whale collision
SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Hydrodynamics; Ship strike; Whale/vessel collisions
ID ATLANTIC RIGHT WHALES; VESSEL SPEED; MORTALITY; SHIPS; RISK
AB All endangered large whale species are vulnerable to collisions with large ships: and "ship strikes" are the greatest known threat to one of the world's rarest whales, the North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis). The magnitude of this threat is likely to increase as maritime commerce expands. Factors influencing the incidence and severity of ship strikes are not well understood, although vessel speed appears to be a strong contributor. The purpose of this study was to characterize the hydrodynamic effects near a moving hull that may cause a whale to be drawn to or repelled from the hull, and to assess the accelerations exerted on a whale at the time of impact. Using scale models of a container ship and a right whale in experimental flow tanks, we assessed hydrodynamic effects and measured accelerations experienced by the whale model in the presence of a moving vessel. Accelerations at impact were measured while the whale was at the surface, for various vessel speeds, orientations of the whale relative to the vessel path, and distances off the direct path of the vessel. Accelerations experienced by the whale model in a collision: increased in magnitude with increasing ship speed: were not dependent on whale orientation to the vessel path: and decreased exponentially with increasing separation distances from the ship track. Subsequent experiments with the whale model submerged at one to two times the ship's draft indicated a pronounced propeller suction effect, a drawing of the whale toward the hull, and increased probability of propeller strikes resulting from this class of encounter. Measured accelerations are a proxy for impact severity, but do not constitute a detailed study of injury mechanism in a living animal, though they may help inform future work. We present a heuristic map of the hydrodynamic field around a transiting hull likely involved in close whale/vessel encounters. These results may have bearing on policy decisions, particularly those involving vessel speed, aimed at protecting large whales from ship strikes worldwide. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Silber, Gregory K.; Bettridge, Shannon] NOAA, Off Protected Resources, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Slutsky, Jonathan] USN, Dept Hydrodynam, Carderock Div, Ctr Surface Warfare, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA.
RP Silber, GK (reprint author), NOAA, Off Protected Resources, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 1315 EW Highway,F PR2,SSMC 3, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM greg.silber@noaa.gov; jonathan.slutsky@navy.mil;
shannon.bettridge@noaa.gov
FU National Marine Fisheries Service's Office of Protected Resources
FX We are grateful for the encouragement and expertise provided by
Cybelline Aclan, Michael Benulis, David Cottingham, Tom Fetherston,
Gabor Karafaith, Daniel Lyons, Dennis Mullinix, and Hung Vo. Igor
Tsukrov and Regina Campbell-Malone contributed much to our thinking on
this problem during various discussions. Regina Campbell-Malone, David
Rothstein, Amy Scholik-Schlomer, Igor Tsukrov, Chris Uyeda, and several
anonymous reviewers improved the paper by providing constructive
comments on various versions. Support of the study was provided by, the
National Marine Fisheries Service's Office of Protected Resources
through a contract to the Naval Surface Warfare Center. [SS]
NR 37
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 26
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-0981
J9 J EXP MAR BIOL ECOL
JI J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol.
PD AUG 15
PY 2010
VL 391
IS 1-2
BP 10
EP 19
DI 10.1016/j.jembe.2010.05.013
PG 10
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 641ZT
UT WOS:000281173000002
ER
PT J
AU Lefebvre, KA
Robertson, A
AF Lefebvre, Kathi A.
Robertson, Alison
TI Domoic acid and human exposure risks: A review
SO TOXICON
LA English
DT Review
DE Harmful algal blooms; Amnesic shellfish poisoning; Domoic acid; Seafood
safety; Chronic exposure; Excitotoxicity; Review
ID LIONS ZALOPHUS-CALIFORNIANUS; MONKEYS MACACA-FASCICULARIS;
LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; CEREBELLAR GRANULE NEURONS; SHELLFISH
POISONING TOXIN; DIATOM PSEUDO-NITZSCHIA; PERFORMANCE
LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; PRINCE-EDWARD-ISLAND; HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS;
AMINO-ACID
AB Domoic acid is a potent neurotoxin that is naturally produced by several diatom species of the genus Pseudo-nitzschia. The toxin acts as a glutamate agonist and is excitotoxic in the vertebrate central nervous system and other glutamate receptor-rich organs. Human exposure to domoic acid occurs via the consumption of contaminated shellfish that have accumulated the toxin while filter feeding on toxigenic phytoplankton during blooms. The first reported human domoic acid poisoning event occurred in Canada in 1987 during which clinical signs of acute toxicity such as gastrointestinal distress, confusion, disorientation, memory loss, coma and death were observed. The illness was named amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP) and due to effective seafood monitoring programs there have been no documented ASP cases since 1987. However, domoic acid poisoning has a significant effect on marine wildlife and multiple poisoning events have occurred in marine birds and mammals over the last few decades. Currently, domoic acid producing diatom blooms are thought to be increasing in frequency world wide, posing an increasing threat to wildlife and human health. Of particular concern are the potential impacts of long-term low-level exposure in "at risk" human populations. The impacts of repetitive low-level domoic acid exposure are currently unknown. This review provides a basic description of the mechanism of action of domoic acid as well as a synthesis of information pertaining to domoic acid exposure routes, toxin susceptibility, and the importance of effective monitoring programs. The importance of investigating the potential human health impacts of long-term low-level domoic acid exposure in "at risk" human populations is also discussed. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Lefebvre, Kathi A.; Robertson, Alison] NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Marine Biotoxins Program, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Lefebvre, KA (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Marine Biotoxins Program, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM kathi.lefebvre@noaa.gov
FU West Coast Center for Oceans and Human Health (WCCOHH) as part of the
NOAA Oceans and Human Health Initiative; Northwest Fisheries Science
Center, Seattle, WA
FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Vera Trainer, Dr. Tracy Collier, Dr.
John Stein and Shelly Nance (Northwest Fisheries Science Center), Dr.
Pedro Costa (IPIMAR, Portugal), and Dr. Elaine Faustman (PNWH2O-UW) for
their contributions and careful reviews of this manuscript. We also
greatly appreciate the very valuable reviews and guidance given by the
anonymous reviewers. AR holds a National Research Council Research. This
work was supported by the West Coast Center for Oceans and Human Health
(WCCOHH) as part of the NOAA Oceans and Human Health Initiative. This
manuscript is WCCOHH publication number 38. The WCCOHH is part of the
National Marine Fisheries Service's Northwest Fisheries Science Center,
Seattle, WA. Award at the Northwest Fisheries Science Center.
NR 184
TC 67
Z9 72
U1 11
U2 64
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0041-0101
J9 TOXICON
JI Toxicon
PD AUG 15
PY 2010
VL 56
IS 2
SI SI
BP 218
EP 230
DI 10.1016/j.toxicon.2009.05.034
PG 13
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA 614NC
UT WOS:000279065100009
PM 19505488
ER
PT J
AU Morgenstern, O
Giorgetta, MA
Shibata, K
Eyring, V
Waugh, DW
Shepherd, TG
Akiyoshi, H
Austin, J
Baumgaertner, AJG
Bekki, S
Braesicke, P
Bruhl, C
Chipperfield, MP
Cugnet, D
Dameris, M
Dhomse, S
Frith, SM
Garny, H
Gettelman, A
Hardiman, SC
Hegglin, MI
Jockel, P
Kinnison, DE
Lamarque, JF
Mancini, E
Manzini, E
Marchand, M
Michou, M
Nakamura, T
Nielsen, JE
Olivie, D
Pitari, G
Plummer, DA
Rozanov, E
Scinocca, JF
Smale, D
Teyssedre, H
Toohey, M
Tian, W
Yamashita, Y
AF Morgenstern, O.
Giorgetta, M. A.
Shibata, K.
Eyring, V.
Waugh, D. W.
Shepherd, T. G.
Akiyoshi, H.
Austin, J.
Baumgaertner, A. J. G.
Bekki, S.
Braesicke, P.
Bruehl, C.
Chipperfield, M. P.
Cugnet, D.
Dameris, M.
Dhomse, S.
Frith, S. M.
Garny, H.
Gettelman, A.
Hardiman, S. C.
Hegglin, M. I.
Joeckel, P.
Kinnison, D. E.
Lamarque, J. -F.
Mancini, E.
Manzini, E.
Marchand, M.
Michou, M.
Nakamura, T.
Nielsen, J. E.
Olivie, D.
Pitari, G.
Plummer, D. A.
Rozanov, E.
Scinocca, J. F.
Smale, D.
Teyssedre, H.
Toohey, M.
Tian, W.
Yamashita, Y.
TI Review of the formulation of present-generation stratospheric
chemistry-climate models and associated external forcings
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID QUASI-BIENNIAL OSCILLATION; GRAVITY-WAVE DRAG; CHEMICAL-TRANSPORT MODEL;
MIDDLE ATMOSPHERE MODEL; METEOROLOGICAL-RESEARCH-INSTITUTE;
DOPPLER-SPREAD PARAMETERIZATION; GLOBAL LIGHTNING DISTRIBUTIONS;
SEMI-LAGRANGIAN ADVECTION; CIRCULATION MODEL; TRACER TRANSPORT
AB The goal of the Chemistry-Climate Model Validation (CCMVal) activity is to improve understanding of chemistry-climate models (CCMs) through process-oriented evaluation and to provide reliable projections of stratospheric ozone and its impact on climate. An appreciation of the details of model formulations is essential for understanding how models respond to the changing external forcings of greenhouse gases and ozone-depleting substances, and hence for understanding the ozone and climate forecasts produced by the models participating in this activity. Here we introduce and review the models used for the second round (CCMVal-2) of this intercomparison, regarding the implementation of chemical, transport, radiative, and dynamical processes in these models. In particular, we review the advantages and problems associated with approaches used to model processes of relevance to stratospheric dynamics and chemistry. Furthermore, we state the definitions of the reference simulations performed, and describe the forcing data used in these simulations. We identify some developments in chemistry-climate modeling that make models more physically based or more comprehensive, including the introduction of an interactive ocean, online photolysis, troposphere-stratosphere chemistry, and non-orographic gravity-wave deposition as linked to tropospheric convection. The relatively new developments indicate that stratospheric CCM modeling is becoming more consistent with our physically based understanding of the atmosphere.
C1 [Morgenstern, O.; Smale, D.] Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res, Lauder 9352, Omakau, New Zealand.
[Giorgetta, M. A.] Max Planck Inst Meteorol, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany.
[Shibata, K.] Japan Meteorol Agcy, Meteorol Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050052, Japan.
[Eyring, V.; Dameris, M.; Garny, H.; Joeckel, P.] Inst Atmospher Phys, Deutsch Zentrum Luft & Raumfahrt, D-82234 Wessling, Germany.
[Waugh, D. W.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Shepherd, T. G.; Hegglin, M. I.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada.
[Akiyoshi, H.; Nakamura, T.; Yamashita, Y.] Natl Inst Environm Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058506, Japan.
[Austin, J.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Austin, J.; Gettelman, A.; Kinnison, D. E.; Lamarque, J. -F.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Baumgaertner, A. J. G.; Bruehl, C.] Max Planck Inst Chem, D-55020 Mainz, Germany.
[Bekki, S.; Cugnet, D.; Marchand, M.] UPMC, CNRS, INSU, UVSQ,IPSL,LATMOS, F-75231 Paris, France.
[Braesicke, P.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Chem, Ctr Atmospher Sci, NCAS Climate Chem, Cambridge CB2 1EW, England.
[Chipperfield, M. P.; Dhomse, S.; Tian, W.] Univ Leeds, Sch Earth & Environm, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England.
[Frith, S. M.; Nielsen, J. E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Hardiman, S. C.] Hadley Ctr, Met Off, Exeter EX1 3PB, Devon, England.
[Mancini, E.; Pitari, G.] Univ Aquila, Dipartimento Fis, I-67100 Laquila, Italy.
[Manzini, E.] Ctr Euro Mediterraneo Cambiamenti Climat, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.
[Michou, M.; Olivie, D.; Teyssedre, H.] Meteo France, CNRS, CNRM, GAME, F-31057 Toulouse, France.
[Plummer, D. A.; Scinocca, J. F.] Environm Canada, Canadian Ctr Climate Modeling & Anal, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada.
[Rozanov, E.] World Radiat Ctr, Phys Meteorol Observ, CH-7260 Davos, Switzerland.
[Rozanov, E.] ETH, Inst Atmosphare & Klima, Zurich, Switzerland.
[Toohey, M.] Univ Kiel, Leibniz Inst Meereswissensch, IFM, GEOMAR, D-24148 Kiel, Germany.
RP Morgenstern, O (reprint author), Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res, Private Bag 50061, Lauder 9352, Omakau, New Zealand.
EM o.morgenstern@niwa.co.nz
RI Baumgaertner, Andreas/C-4830-2011; Chipperfield, Martyn/H-6359-2013;
Jockel, Patrick/C-3687-2009; Lamarque, Jean-Francois/L-2313-2014; bekki,
slimane/J-7221-2015; Nakamura, Tetsu/M-7914-2015; Braesicke,
Peter/D-8330-2016; Waugh, Darryn/K-3688-2016; Pitari,
Giovanni/O-7458-2016; Toohey, Matthew/G-3129-2010; Dhomse,
Sandip/C-8198-2011; Manzini, Elisa/H-5760-2011; Rozanov,
Eugene/A-9857-2012; Eyring, Veronika/O-9999-2016; Hegglin,
Michaela/D-7528-2017;
OI Baumgaertner, Andreas/0000-0002-4740-0701; Chipperfield,
Martyn/0000-0002-6803-4149; Jockel, Patrick/0000-0002-8964-1394;
Lamarque, Jean-Francois/0000-0002-4225-5074; bekki,
slimane/0000-0002-5538-0800; Nakamura, Tetsu/0000-0002-2056-7392;
Braesicke, Peter/0000-0003-1423-0619; Waugh, Darryn/0000-0001-7692-2798;
Pitari, Giovanni/0000-0001-7051-9578; Toohey,
Matthew/0000-0002-7070-405X; Dhomse, Sandip/0000-0003-3854-5383;
Rozanov, Eugene/0000-0003-0479-4488; Eyring,
Veronika/0000-0002-6887-4885; Hegglin, Michaela/0000-0003-2820-9044;
Mancini, Eva/0000-0001-7071-0292; Morgenstern, Olaf/0000-0002-9967-9740
FU Global Environmental Research Found of the Ministry of the Environment
of Japan [A-071]; DMGC [C01X0703]; UK Natural Environment Research
Council (NERC) through the NCAS initiative; University of Edinburgh,
Cray Inc.; NAG Ltd.; Office of Science and Technology through EPSRC;
National Science Foundation
FX We acknowledge the Chemistry-Climate Model Validation (CCMVal) Activity
for WCRP's (World Climate Research Programme) SPARC (Stratospheric
Processes and their Role in Climate) project for organizing and
coordinating the model data analysis activity, and the British
Atmospheric Data Centre (BADC) for collecting and archiving the CCMVal
model output. CCSRNIES research was supported by the Global
Environmental Research Found of the Ministry of the Environment of Japan
(A-071) and the simulations were completed with the supercomputer at
CGER, NIES. O.M. acknowledges funding under the DMGC program (contract
C01X0703). P. B. has been supported by the UK Natural Environment
Research Council (NERC) through the NCAS initiative. UMUKCA-UCAM and
UMSLIMCAT simulations made use of the facilities of HECToR, the UK's
national high-performance computing service, which is provided by UoE
HPCx Ltd. at the University of Edinburgh, Cray Inc. and NAG Ltd., and
funded by the Office of Science and Technology through EPSRC's High End
Computing Programme. The National Center for Atmospheric Research is
operated by the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research under
sponsorship of the National Science Foundation. Any opinions, findings
and conclusions or recommendations expressed in the publication are
those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the
National Science Foundation. We acknowledge valuable comments by three
anonymous reviewers.
NR 144
TC 95
Z9 95
U1 1
U2 24
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD AUG 14
PY 2010
VL 115
AR D00M02
DI 10.1029/2009JD013728
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 639FD
UT WOS:000280956300008
ER
PT J
AU Yoo, SH
Fasullo, J
Yang, S
Ho, CH
AF Yoo, Soo-Hyun
Fasullo, John
Yang, Song
Ho, Chang-Hoi
TI On the relationship between Indian Ocean sea surface temperature and the
transition from El Nino to La Nina
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID ASIAN SUMMER MONSOON; TROPOSPHERIC BIENNIAL OSCILLATION; CLIMATE
FORECAST SYSTEM; SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; TROPICAL PACIFIC; ENSO
VARIABILITY; WESTERN PACIFIC; NORTH PACIFIC; ZONAL MODE; INTERANNUAL
VARIABILITY
AB The relationship between Indian Ocean sea surface temperature and the transition of El Nino events into either La Nina or El Nino-Southern Oscillation neutral conditions is examined in both observations and the retrospective ensemble hindcasts of the National Center for Environmental Prediction Climate Forecast System. The southern Indian Ocean is shown to demonstrate a particularly robust and consistent relationship with the evolution of these transitions. These associations are described, and a physical mechanism involving air-sea interaction in the Indian and western Pacific Oceans is proposed. Observations suggest that easterly surface wind anomalies in the western Pacific Ocean are associated with the emergence of La Nina during boreal summer and fall. Here it is shown that these winds are significantly correlated to southern Indian Ocean sea surface temperature in the preceding spring that is characterized by a large-scale zonal dipole of cool and warm anomalies in the southwestern and southeastern Indian Oceans, respectively. These associations are particularly pronounced for strong El Nino conditions, during the dissipation of which a pronounced wavetrain-like atmospheric pattern accompanies sea surface temperature anomalies in the southern Indian Ocean. Together, the circulation and sea surface temperature anomalies increase the meridional cross-equatorial temperature gradient in the western Indian Ocean and mute intraseasonal variability while strengthening surface equatorial easterly winds in the Indo-Pacific warm pool. Collectively, these anomalies favor subsequent La Nina development. On the basis of these observed associations, a predictive model that demonstrates skill in anticipating the nature of El Nino transitions, involving the southern Indian Ocean, Asian monsoon, and El Nino-Southern Oscillation, is proposed. In the National Center for Environmental Prediction Climate Forecast System, the relationships described above are simulated both consistently and realistically, despite model weaknesses, further bolstering a key role of southern Indian Ocean and predictive relationship. Comparison of fully coupled and sea surface temperature-forced simulations suggests a key role for air-sea interaction in the observed associations. Moreover, it is demonstrated that coupled simulations of El Nino-Southern Oscillation may benefit substantially from improved representation of Indian Ocean variability and Indo-Pacific interaction.
C1 [Yoo, Soo-Hyun] NOAA, Wyle Informat Syst Inc, Climate Predict Ctr, NCEP,NWS, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[Fasullo, John] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Climate & Global Dynam Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Yoo, Soo-Hyun; Ho, Chang-Hoi] Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Seoul 151742, South Korea.
RP Yoo, SH (reprint author), NOAA, Wyle Informat Syst Inc, Climate Predict Ctr, NCEP,NWS, 5200 Auth Rd,Rm 806, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
EM fasullo@ucar.edu
RI Yang, Song/B-4952-2009; Ho, Chang-Hoi/H-8354-2015;
OI FASULLO, JOHN/0000-0003-1216-892X
FU Korea Meteorological Administration [CATER 2006-4204]; NASA
[NNX07AKG82G]
FX The authors would like to thank editor Steve Ghan and three anonymous
reviewers for many constructive comments. C.-H. Ho was supported by the
Korea Meteorological Administration Research and Development Program
under grant CATER 2006-4204. Dr. Fasullo's participation is sponsored by
NASA Award NNX07AKG82G.
NR 88
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 14
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD AUG 14
PY 2010
VL 115
AR D15114
DI 10.1029/2009JD012978
PG 20
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 639FD
UT WOS:000280956300003
ER
PT J
AU Cai, WJ
Hu, XP
Huang, WJ
Jiang, LQ
Wang, YC
Peng, TH
Zhang, X
AF Cai, Wei-Jun
Hu, Xinping
Huang, Wei-Jen
Jiang, Li-Qing
Wang, Yongchen
Peng, Tsung-Hung
Zhang, Xin
TI Alkalinity distribution in the western North Atlantic Ocean margins
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID INORGANIC CARBON-CHEMISTRY; EAST CHINA SEA; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; SURFACE
WATERS; ORGANIC-CARBON; CAPE-HATTERAS; CO2; RIVER; BIGHT; GULF
AB Total alkalinity (TA) distribution and its relationship with salinity (S) along the western North Atlantic Ocean (wNAO) margins from the Labrador Sea to tropical areas are examined in this study. Based on the observed TA-S patterns, the mixing processes that control alkalinity distribution in these areas can be categorized into a spectrum of patterns that are bracketed by two extreme mixing types, i.e., alongshore current-dominated and river-dominated. Alongshore current-dominated mixing processes exhibit a segmented mixing line with a shared mid-salinity end-member. In such cases (i.e., Labrador Sea, Gulf of Maine, etc.), the y-intercept of the high salinity segment of the mixing line is generally higher than the local river alkalinity values, and it reflects the mixing history of the alongshore current. In contrast, in river-dominated mixing (Amazon River, Caribbean Sea, etc.), good linear relationships between alkalinity and salinity are generally observed, and the zero salinity intercepts of the TA-S regressions roughly match those of the regional river alkalinity values. TA-S mixing lines can be complicated by rapid changes in the river end-member value and by another river nearby with a different TA value (e. g., Mississippi-Atchafalaya/Gulf of Mexico). In the wNAO margins, regression intercepts and river end-members have a clear latitudinal distribution pattern, increasing from a low of similar to 300 mu mol kg(-1) in the Amazon River plume to a high value between similar to 500-1100 mu mol kg(-1) in the middle and high latitude margins. The highest value of similar to 2400 mu mol kg(-1) is observed in the Mississippi River influenced areas. In addition to mixing control, biological processes such as calcification and benthic alkalinity production may also affect ocean margin alkalinity distribution. Therefore, deriving inorganic carbon system information in coastal oceans using alkalinity-salinity relationships, in particular, those of generic nature, may lead to significant errors.
C1 [Cai, Wei-Jun; Hu, Xinping; Huang, Wei-Jen; Jiang, Li-Qing; Wang, Yongchen] Univ Georgia, Dept Marine Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Peng, Tsung-Hung] NOAA, Ocean Chem Div, AOML, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Zhang, Xin] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92122 USA.
RP Cai, WJ (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Marine Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
EM wcai@uga.edu
RI Jiang, Li-Qing/G-5228-2014; Hu, Xinping/F-6282-2011; Cai,
Wei-Jun/C-1361-2013
OI Jiang, Li-Qing/0000-0003-3311-1658; Hu, Xinping/0000-0002-0613-6545;
Cai, Wei-Jun/0000-0003-3606-8325
FU NOAA [NA05OAR4311160, GC05-288]; NSF [OCE-0425153, OCE-0752110]
FX Our participation in the GOMECC cruise was supported by NOAA through
grants NA05OAR4311160 and GC05-288. WJC also acknowledges NSF support
through grants OCE-0425153 and OCE-0752110. We would like to thank Rik
Wanninkhof for his leadership in the GOMECC study and for his critical
comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. We also want to thank
many colleagues for collecting the original data and making them
available to the community. The authors greatly appreciate English
editing by Gail Derr and George Davidson. Finally, the Associate Editor
and two anonymous reviewers all provided critical comments that have
improved the quality of this work.
NR 67
TC 52
Z9 53
U1 4
U2 25
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD AUG 13
PY 2010
VL 115
AR C08014
DI 10.1029/2009JC005482
PG 15
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 639FK
UT WOS:000280957300001
ER
PT J
AU Chung, S
Lee, S
Chung, JH
Yoo, T
Lee, H
Kirby, B
Liu, X
Furdyna, JK
AF Chung, Sunjae
Lee, Sanghoon
Chung, J. -H.
Yoo, Taehee
Lee, Hakjoon
Kirby, B.
Liu, X.
Furdyna, J. K.
TI Giant magnetoresistance and long-range antiferromagnetic interlayer
exchange coupling in (Ga,Mn)As/GaAs:Be multilayers
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID FERROMAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTOR SUPERLATTICES; LAYERED MAGNETIC-STRUCTURES;
TRILAYER STRUCTURES; OSCILLATIONS; CO/RU; MN)AS; (GA
AB We report the observation of the giant magnetoresistance effect in semiconductor-based GaMnAs/GaAs:Be multilayers. Clear transitions between low-field-high-resistance and high-field-low-resistance states are observed in selected samples with Be-doped nonmagnetic spacers. These samples also show negative coercive fields in their magnetic hysteresis and antiferromagnetic (AFM) splittings in polarized neutron reflectivity. Our data indicate that the AFM interlayer exchange couplings in this system occur over much longer periods than predicted by current theories, strongly suggesting that the coupling in III-V semiconductor-based magnetic multilayers is significantly longer ranged than in metallic systems.
C1 [Chung, Sunjae; Lee, Sanghoon; Chung, J. -H.; Yoo, Taehee; Lee, Hakjoon] Korea Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 136701, South Korea.
[Kirby, B.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Liu, X.; Furdyna, J. K.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
RP Chung, S (reprint author), Korea Univ, Dept Phys, Seoul 136701, South Korea.
EM slee3@korea.ac.kr
FU Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [2010-0000123]; Seoul RBD
Program [ST090777]; National Science Foundation [DMR06-03762]; National
Research Foundation of Korea [2010-0017423]; Basic Research Program
[2010-0000594]
FX This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through
the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry
of Education, Science and Technology under Grant No. 2010-0000123; by
the Seoul R&BD Program under Grant No. ST090777; and by the National
Science Foundation under Grant No. DMR06-03762. J.H.C. was independently
supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea through the BAERI
program (Grant No. 2010-0017423) and the Basic Research Program (Grant
No. 2010-0000594).
NR 37
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2469-9950
EI 2469-9969
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 13
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 5
AR 054420
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.054420
PG 6
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 638AS
UT WOS:000280862500005
ER
PT J
AU Zapf, VS
Kenzelmann, M
Wolff-Fabris, F
Balakirev, F
Chen, Y
AF Zapf, V. S.
Kenzelmann, M.
Wolff-Fabris, F.
Balakirev, F.
Chen, Y.
TI Magnetically induced electric polarization in an organometallic magnet
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID FERROELECTRICITY; MULTIFERROICS
AB The coupling between magnetic order and ferroelectricity has been under intense investigation in a wide range of transition-metal oxides. The most direct coupling is obtained in so-called magnetically induced multiferroics where ferroelectricity arises directly from magnetic order that breaks spatial inversion symmetry. However, it has been difficult to find nonoxide-based materials in which these effects occur. Here we present a study of copper dimethyl sulfoxide dichloride (CDC), an organometallic quantum magnet containing S = 1/2 Cu spins, in which electric polarization arises from noncollinear magnetic order. We show that the electric polarization can be switched in a stunning hysteretic fashion. Because the magnetic order in CDC is mediated by large organic molecules, our study shows that magnetoelectric interactions can exist in this important class of materials, opening the road to designing magnetoelectrics and multiferroics using large molecules as building blocks. Further, we demonstrate that CDC undergoes a magnetoelectric quantum phase transition where both ferroelectric and magnetic order emerge simultaneously as a function of magnetic field at very low temperatures.
C1 [Zapf, V. S.; Wolff-Fabris, F.; Balakirev, F.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab NHMFL, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Kenzelmann, M.] Paul Scherrer Inst, Lab Dev & Methods, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
[Chen, Y.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Chen, Y.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Chen, Y.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Zapf, VS (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl High Magnet Field Lab NHMFL, POB 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
RI Zapf, Vivien/K-5645-2013; Kenzelmann, Michel/A-8438-2008
OI Zapf, Vivien/0000-0002-8375-4515; Kenzelmann, Michel/0000-0001-7913-4826
FU U.S. National Science Foundation [DMR901624]; State of Florida; U.S.
Department of Energy; National Science Foundation [DMR-0306940]
FX Work at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory was supported by the
U.S. National Science Foundation through Cooperative Grant No.
DMR901624, the State of Florida, and the U.S. Department of Energy. Work
at Johns Hopkins University was supported by the National Science
Foundation through Grant No. DMR-0306940.
NR 25
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 2
U2 15
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 13
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 6
AR 060402
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.060402
PG 4
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 638BH
UT WOS:000280864200001
ER
PT J
AU Micheli, A
Idziaszek, Z
Pupillo, G
Baranov, MA
Zoller, P
Julienne, PS
AF Micheli, Andrea
Idziaszek, Zbigniew
Pupillo, Guido
Baranov, Mikhail A.
Zoller, Peter
Julienne, Paul S.
TI Universal Rates for Reactive Ultracold Polar Molecules in Reduced
Dimensions
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID COLLISIONS; SCATTERING; PHYSICS; LATTICE; GAS
AB Analytic expressions describe universal elastic and reactive rates of quasi-two-dimensional and quasione-dimensional collisions of highly reactive ultracold molecules interacting by a van der Waals potential. Exact and approximate calculations for the example species KRb show that stability and evaporative cooling can be realized for spin-polarized fermions at moderate dipole and trapping strength, whereas bosons or unlike fermions require significantly higher dipole or trapping strengths.
C1 [Micheli, Andrea; Pupillo, Guido; Baranov, Mikhail A.; Zoller, Peter] Austrian Acad Sci, Inst Quantum Opt & Quantum Informat, A-1010 Vienna, Austria.
[Micheli, Andrea; Pupillo, Guido; Baranov, Mikhail A.; Zoller, Peter] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
[Idziaszek, Zbigniew] Univ Warsaw, Inst Theoret Phys, PL-00681 Warsaw, Poland.
[Julienne, Paul S.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Julienne, Paul S.] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Micheli, A (reprint author), Austrian Acad Sci, Inst Quantum Opt & Quantum Informat, A-1010 Vienna, Austria.
RI Zoller, Peter/O-1639-2014; Julienne, Paul/E-9378-2012
OI Zoller, Peter/0000-0003-4014-1505; Julienne, Paul/0000-0002-5494-1442
FU AFOSR MURI; EOARD [FA8655-10-1-3081]; Polish Government [2007-2010];
University of Maryland NSF-PFC; Austrian FWF; EU
FX We acknowledge support from an AFOSR MURI, the EOARD Grant No.
FA8655-10-1-3081, a Polish Government Grant for 2007-2010, the
University of Maryland NSF-PFC, the Austrian FWF, and the EU NAME-QUAM.
We thank G. Quemener, J.L. Bohn, and Jun Ye for discussions.
NR 28
TC 51
Z9 52
U1 1
U2 13
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 13
PY 2010
VL 105
IS 7
AR 073202
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.073202
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 638BP
UT WOS:000280865100004
PM 20868041
ER
PT J
AU Feingold, G
Koren, I
Wang, HL
Xue, HW
Brewer, WA
AF Feingold, Graham
Koren, Ilan
Wang, Hailong
Xue, Huiwen
Brewer, Wm. Alan
TI Precipitation-generated oscillations in open cellular cloud fields
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Article
ID COMPLEX NETWORKS; OPEN CELLS; CONVECTION; MESOSCALE; STRATOCUMULUS;
ORGANIZATION; DRIZZLE; MODEL; MICROPHYSICS; PATTERNS
AB Cloud fields adopt many different patterns that can have a profound effect on the amount of sunlight reflected back to space, with important implications for the Earth's climate. These cloud patterns can be observed in satellite images of the Earth and often exhibit distinct cell-like structures associated with organized convection at scales of tens of kilometres(1-3). Recent evidence has shown that atmospheric aerosol particles-through their influence on precipitation formation-help to determine whether cloud fields take on closed (more reflective) or open (less reflective) cellular patterns(4,5). The physical mechanisms controlling the formation and evolution of these cells, however, are still poorly understood(6), limiting our ability to simulate realistically the effects of clouds on global reflectance. Here we use satellite imagery and numerical models to show how precipitating clouds produce an open cellular cloud pattern that oscillates between different, weakly stable states. The oscillations are a result of precipitation causing downward motion and outflow from clouds that were previously positively buoyant. The evaporating precipitation drives air down to the Earth's surface, where it diverges and collides with the outflows of neighbouring precipitating cells. These colliding outflows form surface convergence zones and new cloud formation. In turn, the newly formed clouds produce precipitation and new colliding outflow patterns that are displaced from the previous ones. As successive cycles of this kind unfold, convergence zones alternate with divergence zones and new cloud patterns emerge to replace old ones. The result is an oscillating, self-organized system with a characteristic cell size and precipitation frequency.
C1 [Feingold, Graham; Brewer, Wm. Alan] NOAA Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Koren, Ilan] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Environm Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel.
[Wang, Hailong] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Xue, Huiwen] Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Dept Atmospher Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
RP Feingold, G (reprint author), NOAA Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM graham.feingold@noaa.gov
RI Wang, Hailong/B-8061-2010; Feingold, Graham/B-6152-2009; Brewer, Wm
Alan/I-3920-2013; Koren, Ilan/K-1417-2012; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Wang, Hailong/0000-0002-1994-4402; Koren, Ilan/0000-0001-6759-6265;
FU NOAA; CIRES; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
FX We thank NOAA's Climate Goal Program, a CIRES Visiting Fellowship (I.
K.) and the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (H. W.) for supporting
this work. We acknowledge the www.LBMethod.org project for sharing the
Lattice Boltzmann Method theory and code, and S. C. Tucker and S. E.
Yuter for their support in acquiring the lidar and radar data during the
VOCALS-REx field experiment. C. A. Ennis provided editorial assistance
and D. Fisher helped with the figures.
NR 30
TC 70
Z9 71
U1 0
U2 36
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD AUG 12
PY 2010
VL 466
IS 7308
BP 849
EP 852
DI 10.1038/nature09314
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 636TT
UT WOS:000280766100032
PM 20703303
ER
PT J
AU Hanna, TM
Tiesinga, E
Julienne, PS
AF Hanna, Thomas M.
Tiesinga, Eite
Julienne, Paul S.
TI Creation and manipulation of Feshbach resonances with radiofrequency
radiation
SO NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM-DEFECT THEORY; RELAXATION RATES; FERMI GAS; COLLISIONS; ATOMS;
SCATTERING; LIGHT
AB We present a simple technique for studying the collisions of ultracold atoms in the presence of a magnetic field and radiofrequency (rf) radiation. Resonant control of scattering properties can be achieved by using rf to couple a colliding pair of atoms to a bound state. We show, using the example of Li-6, that in some ranges of rf frequency and magnetic field this can be done without giving rise to losses. We also show that halo molecules of large spatial extent allow resonant control with much less rf power than deeply bound states. Another way to exert resonant control is with a set of rf-coupled bound states, linked to the colliding pair through the molecular interactions that give rise to magnetically tunable Feshbach resonances. This was recently demonstrated for Rb-87 (Kaufman et al 2009 Phys. Rev. A 80 050701) [1]. We examine the underlying atomic and molecular physics that made this possible. Lastly, we consider the control that may be exerted over atomic collisions by placing atoms in superpositions of Zeeman states, and suggest that it could be useful where small changes in scattering length are required. We suggest other species for which rf and magnetic field control could together provide a useful tuning mechanism.
C1 [Hanna, Thomas M.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Hanna, TM (reprint author), NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8423, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM tom.hanna@merton.oxon.org
RI Julienne, Paul/E-9378-2012
OI Julienne, Paul/0000-0002-5494-1442
FU AFOSR MURI; US Office of Naval Research
FX We acknowledge support from an AFOSR MURI (TMH and PSJ) and partial
support from the US Office of Naval Research (PSJ). We are grateful to
Adam M Kaufman, Russell P Anderson and David S Hall for allowing us to
reproduce the experimental data from our previously published
collaboration [1], and thank them as well as Timur Tscherbul for many
fruitful and stimulating discussions.
NR 57
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U1 0
U2 12
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1367-2630
J9 NEW J PHYS
JI New J. Phys.
PD AUG 12
PY 2010
VL 12
AR 083031
DI 10.1088/1367-2630/12/8/083031
PG 21
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 643EX
UT WOS:000281279500002
ER
PT J
AU Keller, MW
Pufall, MR
Rippard, WH
Silva, TJ
AF Keller, Mark W.
Pufall, M. R.
Rippard, W. H.
Silva, T. J.
TI Nonwhite frequency noise in spin torque oscillators and its effect on
spectral linewidth
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
AB We measure the power spectral density of frequency fluctuations in nanocontact spin torque oscillators over time scales up to 50 ms. We use a mixer to convert oscillator signals ranging from 10 GHz to 40 GHz into a band near 70 MHz before digitizing the time-domain waveform. We analyze the waveform using both zero crossing time stamps and a sliding Fourier transform, discuss the different limitations and advantages of these two methods, and combine them to obtain a frequency noise spectrum spanning more than five decades of Fourier frequency f. For devices having a free layer consisting of either a single Ni(80)Fe(20) layer or a Co/Ni multilayer we find a frequency noise spectrum that is white at large f and varies as 1/f at small f. The crossover frequency ranges from approximate to 10(4) Hz to approximate to 10(6) Hz and the 1/f component is stronger in the multilayer devices. Through actual and simulated spectrum analyzer measurements, we show that 1/f frequency noise causes both broadening and a change in shape of the oscillator's spectral line as measurement time increases. Our results indicate that the long term stability of spin torque oscillators cannot be accurately predicted from models based on thermal (white) noise sources.
C1 [Keller, Mark W.; Pufall, M. R.; Rippard, W. H.; Silva, T. J.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Keller, MW (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM mark.keller@boulder.nist.gov
RI Silva, Thomas/C-7605-2013
OI Silva, Thomas/0000-0001-8164-9642
NR 27
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 13
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 12
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 5
AR 054416
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.054416
PG 8
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 637WM
UT WOS:000280849400003
ER
PT J
AU Fieberg, JR
Shertzer, KW
Conn, PB
Noyce, KV
Garshelis, DL
AF Fieberg, John R.
Shertzer, Kyle W.
Conn, Paul B.
Noyce, Karen V.
Garshelis, David L.
TI Integrated Population Modeling of Black Bears in Minnesota: Implications
for Monitoring and Management
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID AT-HARVEST DATA; RECONSTRUCTION; DYNAMICS; ABUNDANCE; ACCURACY; ERROR
AB Background: Wildlife populations are difficult to monitor directly because of costs and logistical challenges associated with collecting informative abundance data from live animals. By contrast, data on harvested individuals (e. g., age and sex) are often readily available. Increasingly, integrated population models are used for natural resource management because they synthesize various relevant data into a single analysis.
Methodology/Principal Findings: We investigated the performance of integrated population models applied to black bears (Ursus americanus) in Minnesota, USA. Models were constructed using sex-specific age-at-harvest matrices (1980-2008), data on hunting effort and natural food supplies (which affects hunting success), and statewide mark-recapture estimates of abundance (1991, 1997, 2002). We compared this approach to Downing reconstruction, a commonly used population monitoring method that utilizes only age-at-harvest data. We first conducted a large-scale simulation study, in which our integrated models provided more accurate estimates of population trends than did Downing reconstruction. Estimates of trends were robust to various forms of model misspecification, including incorrectly specified cub and yearling survival parameters, age-related reporting biases in harvest data, and unmodeled temporal variability in survival and harvest rates. When applied to actual data on Minnesota black bears, the model predicted that harvest rates were negatively correlated with food availability and positively correlated with hunting effort, consistent with independent telemetry data. With no direct data on fertility, the model also correctly predicted 2-point cycles in cub production. Model-derived estimates of abundance for the most recent years provided a reasonable match to an empirical population estimate obtained after modeling efforts were completed.
Conclusions/Significance: Integrated population modeling provided a reasonable framework for synthesizing age-at-harvest data, periodic large-scale abundance estimates, and measured covariates thought to affect harvest rates of black bears in Minnesota. Collection and analysis of these data appear to form the basis of a robust and viable population monitoring program.
C1 [Fieberg, John R.; Garshelis, David L.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Fieberg, John R.] Minnesota Dept Nat Resources, Biometr Unit, Forest Lake, MN USA.
[Shertzer, Kyle W.; Conn, Paul B.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Beaufort, NC USA.
[Noyce, Karen V.; Garshelis, David L.] Minnesota Dept Nat Resources, Forest Wildlife Populat & Res Grp, Grand Rapids, MI USA.
RP Fieberg, JR (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
EM john.fieberg@state.mn.us
NR 36
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 35
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD AUG 12
PY 2010
VL 5
IS 8
AR e12114
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0012114
PG 11
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 637ZU
UT WOS:000280859700009
PM 20711344
ER
PT J
AU Gilmore, K
Shirley, EL
AF Gilmore, Keith
Shirley, Eric L.
TI Numerical quantification of the vibronic broadening of the SrTiO3 Ti
L-edge spectrum
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER
LA English
DT Article
ID 1ST-PRINCIPLES; BATIO3
AB The 2p(5)3d(1) excited state of the Ti4+ ion in SrTiO3 couples to e(g) distortions of the local oxygen cage, leading to a Jahn-Teller vibronic broadening of the excited states. We quantify this contribution to the broadening of the spectral features of the Ti L edge of SrTiO3 by solving a model Hamiltonian, taking parameters for the Hamiltonian from previous first-principles calculations. Evaluation of the model Hamiltonian indicates that vibronic coupling accounts for the majority of the broadening observed for the L-3 edge, but only a minority of the L-2-edge spectral width. The calculations reveal that, with increasing temperature, the spectral features become increasingly asymmetric and the amount of vibronic broadening grows approximately linearly.
C1 [Gilmore, Keith; Shirley, Eric L.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Opt Technol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Gilmore, K (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Opt Technol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RI Gilmore, Keith/D-5426-2013
NR 19
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-8984
J9 J PHYS-CONDENS MAT
JI J. Phys.-Condes. Matter
PD AUG 11
PY 2010
VL 22
IS 31
AR 315901
DI 10.1088/0953-8984/22/31/315901
PG 5
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 626VV
UT WOS:000279996400014
PM 21399369
ER
PT J
AU Seely, JF
Pereira, NR
Weber, BV
Schumer, JW
Apruzese, JP
Hudson, LT
Szabo, CI
Boyer, CN
Skirlo, S
AF Seely, John F.
Pereira, Nino R.
Weber, Bruce V.
Schumer, Joseph W.
Apruzese, John P.
Hudson, Lawrence T.
Szabo, Csilla I.
Boyer, Craig N.
Skirlo, Scott
TI Spatial resolution of a hard x-ray CCD detector
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID POWER
AB The spatial resolution of an x-ray CCD detector was determined from the widths of the tungsten x-ray lines in the spectrum formed by a crystal spectrometer in the 58 to 70 keV energy range. The detector had 20 mu m pixel, 1700 by 1200 pixel format, and a CsI x-ray conversion scintillator. The spectral lines from a megavolt x-ray generator were focused on the spectrometer's Rowland circle by a curved transmission crystal. The line shapes were Lorentzian with an average width after removal of the natural and instrumental line widths of 95 mu m (4.75 pixels). A high spatial frequency background, primarily resulting from scattered gamma rays, was removed from the spectral image by Fourier analysis. The spectral lines, having low spatial frequency in the direction perpendicular to the dispersion, were enhanced by partially removing the Lorentzian line shape and by fitting Lorentzian curves to broad unresolved spectral features. This demonstrates the ability to improve the spectral resolution of hard x-ray spectra that are recorded by a CCD detector with well-characterized intrinsic spatial resolution.
C1 [Seely, John F.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Pereira, Nino R.] Ecopulse Inc, Springfield, VA 22150 USA.
[Weber, Bruce V.; Schumer, Joseph W.; Apruzese, John P.] USN, Res Lab, Div Plasma Phys, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Hudson, Lawrence T.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Szabo, Csilla I.] Artep Inc, Ellicott City, MD 21042 USA.
[Boyer, Craig N.] L3 Commun, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Skirlo, Scott] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
RP Seely, JF (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM john.seely@nrl.navy.mil
RI Schumer, Joseph/D-7591-2013
FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency; Office of Naval Research (ONR)
FX The mention of commercial products does not imply endorsement by the
U.S. government or that the mentioned commercial products are the best
for the application. This work was supported by the Defense Threat
Reduction Agency (C-WMD Basic Research Program) and by the Office of
Naval Research (ONR).
NR 11
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 7
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
EI 2155-3165
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD AUG 10
PY 2010
VL 49
IS 23
BP 4372
EP 4378
DI 10.1364/AO.49.004372
PG 7
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 636OP
UT WOS:000280747700007
PM 20697439
ER
PT J
AU Bradley, PB
Sanderson, MP
Frischer, ME
Brofft, J
Booth, MG
Kerkhof, LJ
Bronk, DA
AF Bradley, Paul B.
Sanderson, Marta P.
Frischer, Marc E.
Brofft, Jennifer
Booth, Melissa G.
Kerkhof, Lee J.
Bronk, Deborah A.
TI Inorganic and organic nitrogen uptake by phytoplankton and heterotrophic
bacteria in the stratified Mid-Atlantic Bight
SO ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE phytoplankton; bacteria; flow cytometry; nitrogen uptake; dissolved
organic nitrogen; urea
ID FLOW CYTOMETRIC ANALYSIS; MARINE-PHYTOPLANKTON; NATURAL-POPULATIONS;
DISSOLVED NITROGEN; AUREOCOCCUS-ANOPHAGEFFERENS; CHESAPEAKE BAY; UREA
UPTAKE; BALTIC SEA; AMMONIUM; CARBON
AB Little is known about the relative importance of inorganic and organic nitrogen (N) sources in fueling production of phytoplankton versus heterotrophic bacteria on the continental shelf. This issue was addressed during two diel experiments conducted in the Mid-Atlantic Bight at the Long-term Ecosystem Observatory, LEO-15, off southern New Jersey. Uptake of (15)N-labeled ammonium (NH(4)(+)), nitrate (NO(3)(-)), and nitrite (NO(2)(-)), and dual-labeled ((15)N and (13)C) urea and dissolved free amino acids was measured in water taken from the surface and bottom mixed layers approximately every 4 h over two 24 h periods in July 2002. Two methods were used to quantify (15)N uptake rates: (1) traditional filtration into various phytoplankton and bacterial size classes, and (2) flow cytometric (FCM) sorting of autotrophic cells based on the presence of chlorophyll autofluorescence. Due to a strong pycnocline, the nutrient composition was quite distinct between the surface and bottom mixed layers. Dissolved organic N (DON) comprised >99% of the total dissolved N (TDN) pool in surface waters, whereas the bottom-water TDN pool was roughly divided between NH(4)(+), NO(3)(-), and DON. Urea was the dominant N form used by all fractions at the surface, and although phytoplankton >3 mu m was responsible for most of the urea uptake, bacterial use was detected using stable isotopes and also suggested by ureC sequence analysis. The majority of ureC sequences recovered from the 0.2-0.8 mu m fraction belonged to members of the Alphaproteobacteria (46%), whereas those of the 0.8-3.0 mu m size class consisted primarily of Cyanobacteria (70%). In contrast to the surface, N uptake in the bottom layer was dominated by NH(4)(+). The bacterial fraction was responsible for 20-49% of the size-fractionated and NO(4)(+) and NO(3)(-) uptake in surface samples and 36-93% at the bottom. These results suggest that organic N, such as urea, is a viable source of N nutrition to phytoplankton forced to compete with heterotrophic bacteria for limited inorganic N. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bradley, Paul B.; Sanderson, Marta P.; Bronk, Deborah A.] Coll William & Mary, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
[Frischer, Marc E.; Brofft, Jennifer; Booth, Melissa G.] Skidaway Inst Oceanog, Savannah, GA 31411 USA.
[Kerkhof, Lee J.] Rutgers State Univ, Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
RP Bradley, PB (reprint author), NOAA, 1305 EW Highway,N-MB5 Rm 13401, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM paul.bradley@noaa.gov
RI Frischer, Marc/L-5207-2014
FU U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-98ER62531]; National Science
Foundation [0752490]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
[FP916328]
FX We are grateful to K.C. Filippino, P.W. Bernhardt, M.R. Mulholland, and
J.H. Braxton for assistance with laboratory analyses, all the GRIST crew
and RUMFS staff for their help in the field, L.A. Waidner and D.L.
Kirchman for bacterial abundance data, and A. Buchan for providing the
isolate Silicibacter pomeroyi DSS-3. We also thank D.K. Steinberg, I.C.
Anderson, and L. Campbell for their comments on the manuscript. The
GRIST study was conducted as a supplement to the U.S. Department of
Energy BI-OMP program, under grant No. DE-FG02-98ER62531 to M.E.F. and
D.A.B. This material is based upon work supported by the National
Science Foundation (0752490 to D.A.B.), and additional support was
provided to P.B.B. by a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Science to Achieve Results (STAR) graduate fellowship (FP916328). This
publication is not officially endorsed by the U.S. EPA and may not
reflect the views of the agency. This paper is Contribution No. 3013 of
the Virginia Institute of Marine Science, The College of William and
Mary.
NR 72
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U1 7
U2 58
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0272-7714
J9 ESTUAR COAST SHELF S
JI Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci.
PD AUG 10
PY 2010
VL 88
IS 4
BP 429
EP 441
DI 10.1016/j.ecss.2010.02.001
PG 13
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 624ZL
UT WOS:000279860800001
ER
PT J
AU Feely, RA
Alin, SR
Newton, J
Sabine, CL
Warner, M
Devol, A
Krembs, C
Maloy, C
AF Feely, Richard A.
Alin, Simone R.
Newton, Jan
Sabine, Christopher L.
Warner, Mark
Devol, Allan
Krembs, Christopher
Maloy, Carol
TI The combined effects of ocean acidification, mixing, and respiration on
pH and carbonate saturation in an urbanized estuary
SO ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE acidification; pH; estuary; saturation; carbonate minerals; respiration
ID SOUND OCEANOGRAPHIC PROPERTIES; DEEP-WATER RENEWAL; ATMOSPHERIC CO2;
PUGET-SOUND; ANTHROPOGENIC CO2; MARINE; SEAWATER; ECOSYSTEM; PACIFIC;
GEORGIA
AB Puget Sound is a large estuary complex in the U.S. Pacific Northwest that is home to a diverse and economically important ecosystem threatened by anthropogenic impacts associated with climate change, urbanization, and ocean acidification. While ocean acidification has been studied in oceanic waters, little is known regarding its status in estuaries. Anthropogenically acidified coastal waters upwelling along the western North American continental margin can enter Puget Sound through the Strait of Juan de Fuca. In order to study the combined effects of ocean acidification and other natural and anthropogenic processes on Puget Sound waters, we made the first inorganic carbon measurements in this estuary on two survey cruises in February and August of 2008. Observed pH and aragonite saturation state values in surface and subsurface waters were substantially lower in parts of Puget Sound than would be expected from anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) uptake alone. We estimate that ocean acidification can account for 24-49% of the pH decrease in the deep waters of the Hood Canal sub-basin of Puget Sound relative to estimated pre-industrial values. The remaining change in pH between when seawater enters the sound and when it reaches this deep basin results from remineralization of organic matter due to natural or anthropogenically stimulated respiration processes within Puget Sound. Over time, however, the relative impact of ocean acidification could increase significantly, accounting for 49-82% of the pH decrease in subsurface waters for a doubling of atmospheric CO2. These changes may have profound impacts on the Puget Sound ecosystem over the next several decades. These estimates suggest that the role ocean acidification will play in estuaries may be different from the open ocean. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Feely, Richard A.; Alin, Simone R.; Sabine, Christopher L.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Newton, Jan] Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
[Warner, Mark; Devol, Allan] Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Krembs, Christopher; Maloy, Carol] Washington State Dept Ecol, Olympia, WA 98504 USA.
RP Feely, RA (reprint author), NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM richard.a.feely@noaa.gov; simone.r.alin@noaa.gov;
newton@apl.washington.edu; chris.sabine@noaa.gov;
warner@u.washington.edu; devol@u.washington.edu; ckre461@ecy.wa.gov;
cfal461@ecy.wa.gov
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Pacific Marine
Environmental Laboratory; University of Washington; Hood Canal Dissolved
Oxygen Program via Naval Sea Systems Command [N00024-02-D-6602]
FX This work was co-sponsored by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration's Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, the University
of Washington including the Puget Sound Regional Synthesis Model
(PRISM), and the Washington State Department of Ecology. Work in Hood
Canal was partially funded through the Hood Canal Dissolved Oxygen
Program via Naval Sea Systems Command Contract #N00024-02-D-6602 Task
50. The authors wish to thank the officers and crew of the R/V Thompson
and EPA Ocean Survey Vessel Bold for their assistance during the cruises
and Cynthia Peacock, Geoff Lebon, Cathy Cosca, Corinne Bassin, Jill
Coyle, Dana Greeley, Julia Bos, Kathy Krogslund, Amanda Gray, Megan
Black, Sylvia Musielewicz, and Jennifer Nomura for their shipboard and
laboratory support of this research effort. This is PMEL contribution
number 3455.
NR 70
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Z9 181
U1 16
U2 214
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0272-7714
EI 1096-0015
J9 ESTUAR COAST SHELF S
JI Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci.
PD AUG 10
PY 2010
VL 88
IS 4
BP 442
EP 449
DI 10.1016/j.ecss.2010.05.004
PG 8
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 624ZL
UT WOS:000279860800002
ER
PT J
AU Han, Y
van Delst, P
Weng, FZ
AF Han, Yong
van Delst, Paul
Weng, Fuzhong
TI An improved fast radiative transfer model for special sensor microwave
imager/sounder upper atmosphere sounding channels
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID MESOSPHERE; OXYGEN; FIELD
AB Special sensor microwave imager/sounder (SSMIS) on board the U. S. Defense Meteorology Satellite Program satellites includes six upper atmosphere sounding (UAS) channels for probing air temperature in the upper stratosphere and mesosphere. Three of the UAS channels 19-21 are sensitive to the Doppler frequency shift due to Earth's rotation. The sensitivity to the frequency shift in large degree depends on the O-2 Zeeman splitting effect, which is a function of the Earth's magnetic field strength and the angle between the Earth's magnetic field and propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave. Since the brightness temperatures can change up to 2 K as a result of the Doppler shift, the fast radiative transfer model developed earlier for the SSMIS UAS channels has recently been improved to take the Doppler shift into account. In the fast model, an averaged transmittance within the channel frequency passbands is parameterized and trained with a line-by-line radiative transfer model that accurately computes the monochromatic transmittances at fine frequency steps within each passband. The model is evaluated by comparing it with the line-by-line model in an independent experiment. The root mean square differences between the two models are 0.21, 0.39, 0.34, and 0.19 K for channels 19-22, respectively. Using the model, the sensitivities of the radiances to the Doppler shift are analyzed through simulations. A theoretical explanation is given for the dependence of the sensitivities on the Zeeman splitting effect. Results from the analysis are then compared to the observations and a good agreement is achieved.
C1 [Han, Yong; Weng, Fuzhong] Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, NOAA, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[van Delst, Paul] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[van Delst, Paul] NOAA, Environm Modeling Ctr, Natl Ctr Environm Predict, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Han, Yong; van Delst, Paul; Weng, Fuzhong] Joint Ctr Satellite Data Assimilat, Camp Springs, MD USA.
RP Han, Y (reprint author), Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, NOAA, 5200 Auth Rd, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
EM yong.han@noaa.gov
RI Han, Yong/F-5590-2010; Weng, Fuzhong/F-5633-2010
OI Han, Yong/0000-0002-0183-7270; Weng, Fuzhong/0000-0003-0150-2179
NR 17
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD AUG 10
PY 2010
VL 115
AR D15109
DI 10.1029/2010JD013878
PG 9
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 639EX
UT WOS:000280955400006
ER
PT J
AU Staymates, M
Fletcher, R
Staymates, J
Gillen, G
Berkland, C
AF Staymates, Matthew
Fletcher, Robert
Staymates, Jessica
Gillen, Greg
Berkland, Cory
TI Production and characterization of polymer microspheres containing trace
explosives using precision particle fabrication technology
SO JOURNAL OF MICROENCAPSULATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Explosives; microencapsulation; microspheres; trace detection
ID DRUG-DELIVERY APPLICATION; LACTIC/GLYCOLIC ACID POLYMERS; PLGA
MICROSPHERES; BIODEGRADATION; BIOCOMPATIBILITY; DEVICES; SIZE
AB Well characterized test materials are essential for validating the performance of current trace explosive detection systems. These test materials must replicate trace explosive contamination in the form of small particles with characteristic diameters in the micrometer range. In this work, Precision Particle Fabrication was used to fabricate monodisperse polymer microspheres that contain high explosives. Three high explosives were successfully incorporated into the microspheres. Ion mobility spectrometry confirmed that the encapsulation efficiency was typically greater than 50%, with some suspected loss to the aqueous phase during production. This study demonstrates that, with this technique, polymer microspheres containing explosives can be produced with sufficient encapsulation, along with tightly controlled particle size distributions at high production rates. These microspheres have proven to be a valuable test material for trace explosive detectors because of their highly precise size, shape and explosive composition.
C1 [Staymates, Matthew; Fletcher, Robert; Staymates, Jessica; Gillen, Greg] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Berkland, Cory] Univ Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
RP Staymates, M (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8371, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM matthew.staymates@nist.gov
FU United States Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology
Directorate; Interagency Agreement with the National Institute of
Standards and Technology
FX The United States Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology
Directorate sponsored the production of this work under an Interagency
Agreement with the National Institute of Standards and Technology.
NR 34
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 12
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0265-2048
J9 J MICROENCAPSUL
JI J. Microencapsul.
PD AUG 10
PY 2010
VL 27
IS 5
BP 426
EP 435
DI 10.3109/02652040903367335
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Chemistry; Engineering; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 634ON
UT WOS:000280592700006
PM 19860542
ER
PT J
AU Wahlstrand, JK
Sipe, JE
AF Wahlstrand, J. K.
Sipe, J. E.
TI Independent-particle theory of the Franz-Keldysh effect including
interband coupling: Application to calculation of electroabsorption in
GaAs
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID SCHOTTKY-BARRIER ELECTROREFLECTANCE; STRONG ELECTRIC FIELD; DOT-P
THEORY; CONDUCTION-BAND; ZINCBLENDE SEMICONDUCTORS; FOURIER
TRANSFORMATION; REFLECTANCE ANISOTROPY; OPTICAL-ABSORPTION;
GALLIUM-ARSENIDE; WANNIER EXCITON
AB We calculate the linear optical absorption spectrum for a semiconductor in the presence of a strong constant (dc) electric field (the Franz-Keldysh effect). An independent particle theory is developed that treats the dc field nonperturbatively and the optical field perturbatively. Results are presented from a calculation using a 14-band k . p model for the band structure of GaAs that includes remote band effects to order k(2). We also include remote band effects in the matrix elements for consistency. Coupling between nearly degenerate bands due to the dc field plays an important role, both near the valence band degeneracy in the center of the Brillouin zone and along lines where spin-split bands become degenerate. We calculate the electroabsorption spectrum with a dc field pointing along various crystal directions and predict experimentally accessible effects due to band warping. Calculations using the 14-band model show a change in the absorption spectrum that depends on the sign of the electric field, reflecting the lack of a center of inversion symmetry in GaAs. The theoretical framework presented can be easily extended to nonlinear absorption.
C1 [Sipe, J. E.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada.
Natl Inst Stand & Technol, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Wahlstrand, JK (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM wahlstrj@umd.edu
FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)
FX We thank S. T. Cundiff for many discussions and all members of the
Cundiff research group at JILA for allowing the use of their
computational resources. J.E.S. thanks the Natural Sciences and
Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) for support.
NR 65
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 3
U2 11
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 9
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 7
AR 075206
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.075206
PG 22
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 636RW
UT WOS:000280758500004
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, YC
Long, CN
Rossow, WB
Dutton, EG
AF Zhang, Yuanchong
Long, Charles N.
Rossow, William B.
Dutton, Ellsworth G.
TI Exploiting diurnal variations to evaluate the ISCCP-FD flux calculations
and radiative-flux-analysis-processed surface observations from BSRN,
ARM, and SURFRAD
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID DATA SETS; CLOUD; NETWORK; CLIMATE; SKIES; MODEL; TOP
AB Using a meteorological similarity comparison method (MSCM), we performed a mutual and simultaneous evaluation of the surface radiative flux datasets from the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project-FD and the new radiative-flux-analysis-processed surface observations (RFA-PSO). For downward shortwave (SW), diffuse (Dif), and direct (Dir) fluxes, matching cloud fraction (CF) reduces the flux difference between FD and RFA-PSO by up to a factor of 2. Decreasing the aerosol optical depth values used in the FD calculations accounts for much of the remaining difference. For downward longwave (LW) flux, matching either surface air temperature or CF reduces the flux difference to nearly zero. For the total downward SW diurnal variations, there is excellent agreement for both clear and cloudy sky, but less good agreement for the Dif and Dir components. The latter agree much better for clear sky when the FD aerosol optical depth is reduced and for cloudy sky when matching CF and cloud optical depth jointly. For LW diurnal variations, the agreement is best for clear sky, but FD has a larger amplitude by 3-7 W/m(2) for cloudy sky because of differing sensitivities to cirrus and low clouds in the two datasets. These results confirm that the source of the FD surface flux uncertainty of similar to 10-15 W/m(2) is the input quantities, not the radiative transfer model. An important limitation of the RFA-PSO cloud parameters (not the fluxes) is the inhomogeneous diurnal sampling and the retrieval difficulties with broken clouds (SW) and cirrus clouds (LW).
C1 [Zhang, Yuanchong] Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA.
[Dutton, Ellsworth G.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, ESRL, R GMD, Global Monitoring Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Long, Charles N.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Rossow, William B.] CUNY, Remote Sensing CREST, NASA,Goddard Inst Space Studies, Cooperat Remote Sensing Sci & Technol Ctr CREST, New York, NY 10031 USA.
RP Zhang, YC (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Appl Phys & Appl Math, NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, 2880 Broadway,Rm 320-B, New York, NY 10025 USA.
EM yzhang@giss.nasa.gov
RI Rossow, William/F-3138-2015
FU NASA [NNXD7AN04G, NNXD7AO90G]; Climate Change Research Division of the
U. S. Department of Energy
FX We thank the principal investigators, Rick Wagener, Brent N. Holben, and
Ross Mitchell for their efforts in establishing and maintaining Nauru,
Manus, and Darwin AERONET sites, respectively, and Connor Flynn for his
data processing for these sites. The work by two authors (Y. Zhang and
W. B. Rossow) is supported by NASA grant NNXD7AN04G, the MAP program
directed by Dr. Donald Anderson, and grant NNXD7AO90G, the NEWS project
directed by Dr. Jared Entin. C. N. Long acknowledges the support of the
Climate Change Research Division of the U. S. Department of Energy as
part of the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program. Recognition
is also extended to those responsible for the operation and maintenance
of the instruments that produced the measurements used in this study;
their diligent and dedicated efforts are often underappreciated.
NR 37
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD AUG 6
PY 2010
VL 115
AR D15105
DI 10.1029/2009JD012743
PG 21
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 636GC
UT WOS:000280718500001
ER
PT J
AU Bucholtz, A
Hlavka, DL
McGill, MJ
Schmidt, KS
Pilewskie, P
Davis, SM
Reid, EA
Walker, AL
AF Bucholtz, Anthony
Hlavka, Dennis L.
McGill, Matthew J.
Schmidt, K. Sebastian
Pilewskie, Peter
Davis, Sean M.
Reid, Elizabeth A.
Walker, Annette L.
TI Directly measured heating rates of a tropical subvisible cirrus cloud
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID RADIATIVE PROPERTIES; ACCURATE PARAMETERIZATION; LIDAR MEASUREMENTS;
CLIMATE MODELS; TROPOPAUSE; THIN; IMPACT; STRATOSPHERE; TROPOSPHERE;
AEROSOL
AB We present the first direct measurements of the infrared and solar heating rates of a tropical subvisible cirrus (SVC) cloud sampled off the east coast of Nicaragua on 25 July 2007 by the NASA ER-2 aircraft during the Tropical Composition, Cloud and Climate Coupling Experiment (TC4). On this day a persistent thin cirrus layer, with mostly clear skies underneath, was detected in real time by the cloud lidar on the ER-2, and the aircraft was directed to profile down through the SVC. Measurements of the net broadband infrared irradiance and spectrally integrated solar irradiance above, below, and through the SVC are used to determine the infrared and solar heating rates of the cloud. The lidar measurements show that the variable SVC layer was located between similar to 13 and 15 km. Its midvisible optical depth varied from 0.01 to 0.10 with a mean of 0.034 +/- 0.033. Its depolarization ratio was approximately 0.4, indicative of ice clouds. From the divergence of the measured net irradiances the infrared heating rate of the SVC was determined to be similar to 2.50-3.24 K d(-1) and the solar heating rate was found to be negligible. These values are consistent with previous indirect observations of other SVC and with model-generated heating rates of SVC with similar optical depths. This study illustrates the utility and potential of the profiling sampling strategy employed here. A more fully instrumented high-altitude aircraft that also included in situ cloud and aerosol probes would provide a comprehensive data set for characterizing both the radiative and microphysical properties of these ubiquitous tropical clouds.
C1 [Bucholtz, Anthony; Reid, Elizabeth A.; Walker, Annette L.] Naval Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[McGill, Matthew J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Hlavka, Dennis L.] Sci Syst & Applicat, Lanham, MD USA.
[Schmidt, K. Sebastian; Pilewskie, Peter] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Davis, Sean M.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Chem Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Bucholtz, A (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, 7 Grace Hopper Ave,Stop 2, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM anthony.bucholtz@nrlmry.navy.mil
RI Davis, Sean/C-9570-2011; McGill, Matthew/D-8176-2012; SCHMIDT, KONRAD
SEBASTIAN/C-1258-2013; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015;
OI Davis, Sean/0000-0001-9276-6158; SCHMIDT, KONRAD
SEBASTIAN/0000-0003-3899-228X; Hlavka, Dennis/0000-0002-2976-7243
FU NASA [NNH07A-F56I]
FX We are grateful to Warren Gore and Tony Trias from NASA Ames Research
Center for their engineering and technical support during TC4,
especially with the integration of the BBIR instruments into the SSFR
data acquisition system on the ER-2 aircraft. This work was supported by
the NASA Radiation Sciences Program under grant NNH07A-F56I (TC4).
NR 43
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 11
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD AUG 5
PY 2010
VL 115
AR D00J09
DI 10.1029/2009JD013128
PG 11
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 636GB
UT WOS:000280718400004
ER
PT J
AU Awan, IA
McGivern, WS
Tsang, W
Manion, JA
AF Awan, Iftikhar A.
McGivern, W. Sean
Tsang, Wing
Manion, Jeffrey A.
TI Decomposition and Isomerization of 5-Methylhex-1-yl Radical
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
LA English
DT Article
ID VIBRATIONAL ENERGY-TRANSFER; CIS-TRANS ISOMERIZATION; SHOCK-TUBE;
THRESHOLDS; SYSTEMS
AB The decomposition and isomerization reactions of the 5-methylhex-1-yl radical (1-5MeH) have been studied at temperatures of 889-1064 K and pressures of 1.6-2.2 bar using the single pulse shock tube technique. The radical of interest was generated by shock heating dilute mixtures of 5-methylhexyl iodide to break the weak C-I bond, and the kinetics and reaction mechanism deduced on the basis of the olefin cracking pattern observed by gas chromatographic analysis of the products. In order of decreasing molar yields, alkene products from 1-5MeH decomposition are ethene, isobutene, propene, 3-methylbut-1-ene, but-1-ene, E/Z-hex-2-ene, 4-methylpent-1-ene, and hex-1-ene. The first three products account for almost 90% of the carbon balance. The mechanism involves reversible intramolecular H-transfer reactions that lead to the formation of the radicals 5-methylhex-5-yl (5-5MeH), 5-methylhex-2-yl (2-5MeH), 5-methylhex-4-yl (4-5MeH), 5-methylhex-6-yl (6-5MeH), and 5-methylhex-3-yl (3-5MeH). Competitive with isomerization reactions are decompositions by beta C-C bond scission. The main product forming radical is 5-5MeH, which is formed by intramolecular abstraction of the lone tertiary 11 in the radical. This reaction is deduced to be a factor of 4.0 +/- 0.7 faster on a per hydrogen basis than the analogous abstraction of a secondary hydrogen in 1-hexyl radical. The estimated uncertainty corresponds to 1 standard deviation. The following relative rates have been deduced under our reaction conditions: k(4-5MeH -> C(2)H(5) +3-methylbut-1-ene)/k(4-5MeH -> CH(3) + Z-hex-2-ene) = 10((0.39 +/- 0.12)) exp[(675 +/- 270)K/T]; k(4-5MeH -> C(2)H(5) + 3-methylbut-1-ene)/k(4-5MeH -> CH(3) + E-hex-2-ene) = 10((0.10)perpendicular to 0.09) exp[(1125 +/- 210)K/T]; k(3-5MeH -> iso-C(3)H(7) + but-1-ene)/(k)(3-5MeH -> CH(3) + 4-methylpent-1-cue) = 10((0.26 +/- 0.55)) exp[(1720 +/- 1300)K/T]. Observed olefin distributions depend on the relative rate constants and the interplay of chemical activation and falloff behavior as the energy distributions of the various radicals relax to steady-state values. A kinetic model using an RRKM/master equation analysis has been developed, and absolute rate expressions have been deduced. The model was used to extrapolate the data to temperatures between 500 and 1900 K and pressures of 0.1-1000 bar, and results for 12 isomerization reactions and 10 beta C-C bond scission reactions are reported.
C1 [Awan, Iftikhar A.; McGivern, W. Sean; Tsang, Wing; Manion, Jeffrey A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Manion, JA (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jeffrey.manion@nist.gov
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research
FX The authors thank the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Julian M.
Tishkoff, Program Manager, for support.
NR 33
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 3
U2 10
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1089-5639
J9 J PHYS CHEM A
JI J. Phys. Chem. A
PD AUG 5
PY 2010
VL 114
IS 30
BP 7832
EP 7846
DI 10.1021/jp102313p
PG 15
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 631PV
UT WOS:000280360800002
PM 20617793
ER
PT J
AU Holmstrom, ED
Nesbitt, DJ
AF Holmstrom, Erik D.
Nesbitt, David J.
TI Real-Time Infrared Overtone Laser Control of Temperature in Picoliter
H2O Samples: "Nanobathtubs" for Single Molecule Microscopy
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID RHODAMINE-B; RNA; THERMODYNAMICS; TETRALOOP; KINETICS; LIQUIDS; CELL
AB An approach for high spatiotemporal control of aqueous sample temperatures in confocal microscopy is reported. This technique exploits near-IR diode-laser illumination to locally heat picoliter volumes of water via first-overtone excitation in the OH-stretch manifold. A thin water cell after the objective resonantly removes any residual IR light from the detection system, allowing for continuous observation of single-molecule fluorescence throughout the heating event. This technique is tested quantitatively by reproducing single-molecule RNA folding results obtained from "bulk" stage heating measurements. Calibration of sample temperatures is obtained from time-correlated single-photon counting studies of Rhodamine B fluorescence decay. We obtain an upper limit to the heating response time (tau(heat) < 20 ms) consistent with even faster estimates (tau(heat) approximate to 0.25 ms) based on laser spot size. H2O heat capacity and absorption cross section. This combination of fast, noncontact heating of picoliter volumes provides new opportunities for real-time thermodynamic/kinetic studies at the single-molecule level.
C1 [Nesbitt, David J.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Univ Colorado, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Nesbitt, DJ (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM djn@colorado.edu
FU National Science Foundation; National Institute of Standards and
Technology; W. M. Keck Foundation initiative in RNA sciences at the
University of Colorado, Boulder
FX This work is funded in part by the National Science Foundation, the
National Institute of Standards and Technology, and the W. M. Keck
Foundation initiative in RNA sciences at the University of Colorado,
Boulder. We would like to thank Drs. Arthur Pardi and Christopher D.
Downey for their contributions to the RNA construct design. We would
also like to thank Dr. David Rueda and Mr. Rui Zhao for technical
discussions and encouragement.
NR 24
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1948-7185
J9 J PHYS CHEM LETT
JI J. Phys. Chem. Lett.
PD AUG 5
PY 2010
VL 1
IS 15
BP 2264
EP 2268
DI 10.1021/jz100663e
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 636EN
UT WOS:000280711500008
PM 21814589
ER
PT J
AU Ivancic, TM
Hwang, SJ
Bowman, RC
Birkmire, DS
Jensen, CM
Udovic, TJ
Conradi, MS
AF Ivancic, Timothy M.
Hwang, Son-Jong
Bowman, Robert C., Jr.
Birkmire, Derek S.
Jensen, Craig M.
Udovic, Terrence J.
Conradi, Mark S.
TI Discovery of A New Al Species in Hydrogen Reactions of NaAlH4
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID COMPLEX ALUMINUM HYDRIDES; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; TI-DOPED NAALH4; VACANCY
FORMATION; STORAGE MATERIALS; SODIUM ALANATE; NMR; DEHYDROGENATION;
DECOMPOSITION; NA3ALH6
AB The NaAlH4 system remains the archetype of hydrogen storage solids. However, the detailed mechanisms of the hydrogen reactions of NaAIH(4) remain unknown. We report Al-27 in situ nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic data revealing an Al-bearing mobile species that could provide the large scale metal-atom transport needed for rehydriding. This new species forms under reaction conditions but can be captured at ambient temperature using excess H-2 pressure. The NMR measurements demonstrate that the species is highly mobile (at 20 degrees C) and carries both Al and H atoms. On the basis of the Al-27 shift (close to NaAlH4) and the disorder evident in X-ray diffraction the species is identified as highly defective NaAlH4, likely having a large AIH(3) vacancy concentration.
C1 [Ivancic, Timothy M.; Conradi, Mark S.] Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
[Hwang, Son-Jong] CALTECH, Div Chem & Chem Engn, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Bowman, Robert C., Jr.] RCB Hydrides LLC, Franklin, OH 45005 USA.
[Birkmire, Derek S.; Jensen, Craig M.] Univ Hawaii, Dept Chem, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Udovic, Terrence J.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Ivancic, TM (reprint author), Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
EM cicnavi@hotmail.com; msc@wuphys.wustl.edu
OI Bowman, Robert/0000-0002-2114-1713
FU Basic Energy Sciences of the Dept. of Energy [DE-FG02-05ER46256];
National Science Foundation (NSF) [9724240, DMR-0520565]
FX We thank W. E. Buhro for continuing advice. Support from Basic Energy
Sciences of the Dept. of Energy through grant DE-FG02-05ER46256 is
acknowledged and appreciated. The NMR facility at Caltech was supported
by the National Science Foundation (NSF) under grant 9724240 and
partially supported by the MRSEC Program of the NSF under award number
DMR-0520565.
NR 36
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 1
U2 16
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1948-7185
J9 J PHYS CHEM LETT
JI J. Phys. Chem. Lett.
PD AUG 5
PY 2010
VL 1
IS 15
BP 2412
EP 2416
DI 10.1021/jz1007998
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science;
Physics
GA 636EN
UT WOS:000280711500035
ER
PT J
AU Bryant, GW
Zielinski, M
Malkova, N
Sims, J
Jaskolski, W
Aizpurua, J
AF Bryant, Garnett W.
Zielinski, M.
Malkova, Natalia
Sims, James
Jaskolski, W.
Aizpurua, Javier
TI Effect of Mechanical Strain on the Optical Properties of Quantum Dots:
Controlling Exciton Shape, Orientation, and Phase with a Mechanical
Strain
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID STORAGE
AB We show how a nanomechanical strain can be used to dynamically reengineer the optics of quantum dots, giving a tool to manipulate mechanoexciton shape, orientation, fine structure splitting, and optical transitions, transfer carriers between dots, and interact qubits for quantum processing. Most importantly, a nanomechanical strain reengineers both the magnitude and phase of the exciton exchange coupling to tune exchange splittings, change the phase of spin mixing, and rotate the polarization of mechanoexcitons, providing phase and energy control of excitons.
C1 [Bryant, Garnett W.; Malkova, Natalia] NIST, Atom Phys Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Bryant, Garnett W.; Malkova, Natalia] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Zielinski, M.; Jaskolski, W.] Inst Fizyki UMK, PL-87100 Torun, Poland.
[Sims, James] NIST, Informat Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Aizpurua, Javier] CSIC UPV EHU, Ctr Mixto Fis Mat, Donostia San Sebastian 20018, Spain.
Donostia Int Phys Ctr, Donostia San Sebastian 20018, Spain.
RP Bryant, GW (reprint author), NIST, Atom Phys Div, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM garnett.bryant@nist.gov
RI CSIC-UPV/EHU, CFM/F-4867-2012; Jaskolski, Wlodzimierz/D-1318-2014;
Aizpurua, Javier/E-6889-2014; Zielinski, Michal/C-2587-2013; DONOSTIA
INTERNATIONAL PHYSICS CTR., DIPC/C-3171-2014
OI Jaskolski, Wlodzimierz/0000-0003-4814-1876; Aizpurua,
Javier/0000-0002-1444-7589; Zielinski, Michal/0000-0002-7239-2504;
NR 43
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 17
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD AUG 5
PY 2010
VL 105
IS 6
AR 067404
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.067404
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 634UZ
UT WOS:000280612400013
PM 20868012
ER
PT J
AU Zhou, Y
King, DM
Li, JH
Barrett, KS
Goldfarb, RB
Weimer, AW
AF Zhou, Yun
King, David M.
Li, Jianhua
Barrett, Kathryn S.
Goldfarb, Ron B.
Weimer, Alan W.
TI Synthesis of Photoactive Magnetic Nanoparticles with Atomic Layer
Deposition
SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID FLUIDIZED-BED REACTOR; HETEROGENEOUS PHOTOCATALYSIS; ENVIRONMENTAL
APPLICATIONS; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; ALUMINUM NITRIDE; POROUS ALUMINA; TIO2
FILMS; GROWTH; MECHANISM; TRIMETHYLALUMINUM
AB Iron-based magnetic nanoparticles have been produced by decomposition of iron oxalate powder. The micrometer-size iron oxalate powder was first ground by use of a cryogenic milling process. A titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) thin film was then deposited on the synthesized iron nanoparticles with an in situ atomic layer deposition (ALD) process at 100 degrees C with TiCl(4) and H(2)O(2) as precursors. However, because of the high surface area, the iron nanoparticles were unstable and spontaneously oxidized when exposed to H(2)O(2) during the TiO(2) ALD process, thus reducing the magnetic moment of the core particles. As an improvement in the process, prior to the TiO(2) deposition, an aluminum nitride (AIN) film Was deposited in situ to coat and passivate the iron core particles. The AIN ALD was performed at 250 degrees C with trimethylaluminium (TMA) and ammonia (NH(3)) as precursors. This passivation provided a significant decrease in the iron oxidation as determined by X-ray diffraction and magnetization measurements. Photoactivity of the TiO(2) film was demonstrated by decomposition of methylene blue solution under ultraviolet irradiation.
C1 [Zhou, Yun; King, David M.; Li, Jianhua; Barrett, Kathryn S.; Weimer, Alan W.] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Goldfarb, Ron B.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Electromagnet, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Weimer, AW (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, UCB 424, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM alan.weimer@colorado.edu
RI King, David/C-4650-2011; Goldfarb, Ronald/A-5493-2011
OI Goldfarb, Ronald/0000-0002-1942-7974
NR 31
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 27
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0888-5885
J9 IND ENG CHEM RES
JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.
PD AUG 4
PY 2010
VL 49
IS 15
BP 6964
EP 6971
DI 10.1021/ie901712q
PG 8
WC Engineering, Chemical
SC Engineering
GA 631XU
UT WOS:000280384800033
ER
PT J
AU Laird, EA
Taylor, JM
DiVincenzo, DP
Marcus, CM
Hanson, MP
Gossard, AC
AF Laird, E. A.
Taylor, J. M.
DiVincenzo, D. P.
Marcus, C. M.
Hanson, M. P.
Gossard, A. C.
TI Coherent spin manipulation in an exchange-only qubit
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM ERROR-CORRECTION; ELECTRON-SPIN; COMPUTATION; BLOCKADE; DOTS
AB Initialization, two-spin coherent manipulation, and readout of a three-spin qubit are demonstrated using a few-electron triple quantum dot. The three-spin qubit is designed to allow all operations for full qubit control to be tuned via nearest-neighbor exchange interaction. Fast readout of charge states takes advantage of multi-plexed reflectometry. Decoherence measured in a two-spin subspace is found to be consistent with predictions based on gate voltage noise with a uniform power spectrum. The theory of the exchange-only qubit is developed and it is shown that initialization of only two spins suffices for operation. Requirements for full multi-qubit control using only exchange and electrostatic interactions are outlined.
C1 [Laird, E. A.; Marcus, C. M.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Taylor, J. M.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[DiVincenzo, D. P.] IBM TJ Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA.
[Hanson, M. P.; Gossard, A. C.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP Laird, EA (reprint author), Delft Univ Technol, Kavli Inst Nanosci, NL-2600 GA Delft, Netherlands.
RI Taylor, Jacob/B-7826-2011; Marcus, Charles/M-4526-2014; Laird,
Edward/N-6411-2016; DiVincenzo, David/H-5952-2013
OI Taylor, Jacob/0000-0003-0493-5594; Marcus, Charles/0000-0003-2420-4692;
Laird, Edward/0000-0001-9589-127X; DiVincenzo, David/0000-0003-4332-645X
FU Department of Defense; IARPA/ARO; National Science Foundation; Harvard
University
FX We acknowledge C. Barthel and D. J. Reilly for discussions. This work
was supported by the Department of Defense, IARPA/ARO, the National
Science Foundation, and Harvard University.
NR 23
TC 112
Z9 112
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD AUG 4
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 7
AR 075403
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.075403
PG 6
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 634JE
UT WOS:000280576200003
ER
PT J
AU Baker, ET
Martinez, F
Resing, JA
Walker, SL
Buck, NJ
Edwards, MH
AF Baker, Edward T.
Martinez, Fernando
Resing, Joseph A.
Walker, Sharon L.
Buck, Nathaniel J.
Edwards, Margo H.
TI Hydrothermal cooling along the Eastern Lau Spreading Center: No evidence
for discharge beyond the neovolcanic zone
SO GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Lau Basin; hydrothermal; crustal cooling
ID LOWER OCEANIC-CRUST; BACK-ARC BASIN; VALU FA RIDGE; DE-FUCA RIDGE;
PACIFIC RISE; MIDOCEAN RIDGES; MAGMA CHAMBERS; HEAT-FLUX; 9-DEGREES-30N;
CONSTRAINTS
AB Heat transported from the mantle beneath spreading centers creates an astonishingly narrow ribbon of convective heat discharge at plate boundaries, as apparently demonstrated by exhaustive exploration for hydrothermal discharge sites over the last three decades. Recent observations and models are now challenging this assumption of exclusively axis-centric high-temperature venting. One example is the proposal that intense cooling along the vertical boundaries of a broad low-velocity volume (LVV) of hot crust could generate high-temperature fluids several kilometers off axis. To test the hypothesis that substantial hydrothermal discharge might occur beyond the LVV, we conducted a dense survey grid of the ridge and surrounding seafloor (up to +/- 5 km) along 175 km of the Eastern Lau Spreading Center and Valu Fa Ridge (similar to 1800 km of track line). Our sampling array extended from similar to 50 to 400 m above bottom and included light-scattering, oxidation-reduction potential, and hydrographic sensors attached to the tow line and beneath the IMI120 sonar mapping system. The surveys successfully mapped plumes from several vent fields in the neovolcanic zone (similar to +/- 1.5 km about the axis) but did not detect evidence of significant discharge anywhere farther off-axis. At a few locations on the Valu Fa Ridge, however, we did record oxidation-reduction potential anomalies with hydrographic density signatures that imply low-temperature hydrothermal sources on the axial flank. Although these sites are hundreds of meters deeper than the adjacent crest, they are above, not beyond, the previously mapped LVV. Our results thus do not support a simple picture of high-temperature fluids ascending undiluted through the crust to the seafloor several kilometers off-axis. However, we cannot exclude the possibilities that the largely unmapped LVV is narrower here than seen on other ridges, that hydrothermal fluids formed beyond the LVV are channeled to the axis, or that discharge beyond the neo-volcanic zone occurs only as dispersed, very low-temperature fluids. Our observations do demonstrate that high-temperature discharge predominantly exits the seafloor within a narrow (similar to +/- 1.5 km) axial ribbon, regardless of the presence or absence of an axial magma chamber.
C1 [Baker, Edward T.; Walker, Sharon L.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Martinez, Fernando; Edwards, Margo H.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci & Technol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Resing, Joseph A.; Buck, Nathaniel J.] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean PMEL, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Baker, ET (reprint author), NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM edward.baker@noaa.gov
FU NOAA; NSF [OCE 0732307, OCE 0732372, OCE 0732536]
FX This research was sponsored by the NOAA VENTS Program and the NSF
RIDGE2000 Program (OCE 0732307 (E.T.B.), OCE 0732372 (J.A.R.), and OCE
0732536 ( F.M.)). We thank the Kingdom of Tonga for allowing us to work
in their Exclusive Economic Zone. Laurence Coogan and Cornel E. J. de
Ronde provided many astute comments in reviewing the manuscript. This
paper is PMEL contribution 3516, JISAO publication 1821, and SOEST/HIGP
contribution 7954.
NR 50
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 2
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1525-2027
J9 GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY
JI Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.
PD AUG 3
PY 2010
VL 11
AR Q08004
DI 10.1029/2010GC003106
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 636FO
UT WOS:000280717100004
ER
PT J
AU Falabella, JB
Cho, TJ
Ripple, DC
Hackley, VA
Tarlov, MJ
AF Falabella, James B.
Cho, Tae Joon
Ripple, Dean C.
Hackley, Vincent A.
Tarlov, Michael J.
TI Characterization of Gold Nanoparticles Modified with Single-Stranded DNA
Using Analytical Ultracentrifugation and Dynamic Light Scattering
SO LANGMUIR
LA English
DT Article
ID SIZE-DISTRIBUTION ANALYSIS; FIELD-FLOW FRACTIONATION;
SEDIMENTATION-VELOCITY; SURFACE COVERAGE; FLUORESCENCE; SPECTROSCOPY;
AGGREGATION; RESOLUTION
AB We report the characterization of gold nanoparticles modified with thiol-terminated single stranded DNA (ssDNA) using analytical ultracentrifugation. Dynamic light scattering was used to measure the diameter of bare and ssDNA modified gold nanoparticles to corroborate the predictions of our models. Sedimentation coefficients of nominally 10 and 20 nm diameter gold nanoparticles modified with thiol-terminated thymidine homo-oligonucleotides, 5-30 bases in length, were determined with analytical ultracentrifugation. The sedimentation coefficients of gold nanoparticles modified with ssDNA were found to decrease with increasing coverage of ssDNA and increasing length of ssDNA. The sedimentation coefficients of ssDNA modified gold particles were most closely predicted when the strands were modeled as fully extended chains (FEC). Apparent particle densities of bare gold nanoparticles calculated from measured sedimentation coefficients decreased significantly below that of bulk gold with decreasing size of nanoparticles. This finding suggests that hydration layer effects are an important factor in the sedimentation behavior for both bare and short ssDNA chain modified gold particles.
C1 [Falabella, James B.; Cho, Tae Joon; Ripple, Dean C.; Hackley, Vincent A.; Tarlov, Michael J.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Falabella, JB (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
OI Hackley, Vincent/0000-0003-4166-2724
FU National Research Council
FX We thank Edward Eisenstein of the Center for Advanced Research in
Biotechnology for allowing us access to the AUC. We thank Walter
Stafford and David Hayes of the Boston Biomedical Research Institute for
advice on AUC technique, raw data analysis, and modeling the
sedimentation coefficient of nanomaterials. We thank Jack Douglas of the
NIST Polymer Division for advice on the modeling of ssDNA covered
nanoparticles. We thank Patrick Brown and Peter Schuck of the National
Institutes of Health for advice on the analysis of raw data. We thank
Suvajyoti Guha for measuring the diameters of two sizes of bare gold
nanoparticles with ES-DMA and Professor Michael Zachariah for the use of
his ES-DMA instrument. We also thank Germane Sanchez-Pomales and Joshua
Wayment for their help in the final stage of this project. J.B.F. thanks
the National Research Council for his postdoctoral research fellowship.
NR 35
TC 34
Z9 37
U1 1
U2 27
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0743-7463
J9 LANGMUIR
JI Langmuir
PD AUG 3
PY 2010
VL 26
IS 15
BP 12740
EP 12747
DI 10.1021/la100761f
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 631NI
UT WOS:000280353800040
PM 20604538
ER
PT J
AU Lin, M
Swanson, R
Moon, T
Smith, C
Kehoe, M
Brown, SW
Lykke, KR
AF Lin, Mike
Swanson, Rand
Moon, Thomas
Smith, Casey
Kehoe, Michael
Brown, Steven W.
Lykke, Keith R.
TI Stray light characterization of an InGaAs anamorphic hyperspectral
imager
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID RADIANCE RESPONSIVITY CALIBRATIONS; SPECTRAL IRRADIANCE; UNIFORM
SOURCES; ABERRATIONS; FACILITY
AB Compact hyperspectral sensors potentially have a wide range of applications, including machine vision, quality control, and surveillance from small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). With the development of Indium Gallium Arsenide (InGaAs) focal plane arrays, much of the Short Wave Infra-Red (SWIR) spectral regime can be accessed with a small hyperspectral imaging system, thereby substantially expanding hyperspectral sensing capabilities. To fully realize this potential, system performance must be well-understood. Here, stray light characterization of a recently-developed push-broom hyperspectral sensor sensitive in the 1 mu m -1.7 mu m spectral regime is described. The sensor utilizes anamorphic fore-optics that partially decouple image formation along the spatial and spectral axes of the instrument. This design benefits from a reduction in complexity over standard high-performance spectrometer optical designs while maintaining excellent aberration control and spatial and spectral distortion characteristics. The stray light performance characteristics of the anamorphic imaging spectrometer were measured using the spectral irradiance and radiance responsivity calibrations using uniform sources (SIRCUS) facility at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). A description of the measurements and results are presented. Additionally, a stray-light matrix was assembled for the instrument to improve the instrument's spectral accuracy. Transmittance of a silicon wafer was measured to validate this approach. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America
C1 [Lin, Mike; Brown, Steven W.; Lykke, Keith R.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Swanson, Rand; Moon, Thomas; Smith, Casey; Kehoe, Michael] Resonon Inc, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
RP Lin, M (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM swanson@resonon.com
NR 12
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 10
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD AUG 2
PY 2010
VL 18
IS 16
BP 17510
EP 17520
DI 10.1364/OE.18.017510
PG 11
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 640IB
UT WOS:000281042400122
PM 20721136
ER
PT J
AU Fautin, D
Dalton, P
Incze, LS
Leong, JAC
Pautzke, C
Rosenberg, A
Sandifer, P
Sedberry, G
Tunnell, JW
Abbott, I
Brainard, RE
Brodeur, M
Eldredge, LG
Feldman, M
Moretzsohn, F
Vroom, PS
Wainstein, M
Wolff, N
AF Fautin, Daphne
Dalton, Penelope
Incze, Lewis S.
Leong, Jo-Ann C.
Pautzke, Clarence
Rosenberg, Andrew
Sandifer, Paul
Sedberry, George
Tunnell, John W., Jr.
Abbott, Isabella
Brainard, Russell E.
Brodeur, Melissa
Eldredge, Lucius G.
Feldman, Michael
Moretzsohn, Fabio
Vroom, Peter S.
Wainstein, Michelle
Wolff, Nicholas
TI An Overview of Marine Biodiversity in United States Waters
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Review
ID NORTHWESTERN HAWAIIAN-ISLANDS; GULF-OF-MEXICO; DECAPOD CRUSTACEAN FAUNA;
INTERACTIONS SBI PROJECT; SOUTHEASTERN BERING-SEA;
FRENCH-FRIGATE-SHOALS; SOUTH-ATLANTIC BIGHT; CORAL-REEFS; ALEUTIAN
ISLANDS; CLIMATE-CHANGE
AB Marine biodiversity of the United States (U.S.) is extensively documented, but data assembled by the United States National Committee for the Census of Marine Life demonstrate that even the most complete taxonomic inventories are based on records scattered in space and time. The best-known taxa are those of commercial importance. Body size is directly correlated with knowledge of a species, and knowledge also diminishes with distance from shore and depth. Measures of biodiversity other than species diversity, such as ecosystem and genetic diversity, are poorly documented. Threats to marine biodiversity in the U.S. are the same as those for most of the world: overexploitation of living resources; reduced water quality; coastal development; shipping; invasive species; rising temperature and concentrations of carbon dioxide in the surface ocean, and other changes that may be consequences of global change, including shifting currents; increased number and size of hypoxic or anoxic areas; and increased number and duration of harmful algal blooms. More information must be obtained through field and laboratory research and monitoring that involve innovative sampling techniques (such as genetics and acoustics), but data that already exist must be made accessible. And all data must have a temporal component so trends can be identified. As data are compiled, techniques must be developed to make certain that scales are compatible, to combine and reconcile data collected for various purposes with disparate gear, and to automate taxonomic changes. Information on biotic and abiotic elements of the environment must be interactively linked. Impediments to assembling existing data and collecting new data on marine biodiversity include logistical problems as well as shortages in finances and taxonomic expertise.
C1 [Fautin, Daphne] Univ Kansas, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
[Dalton, Penelope; Wainstein, Michelle] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Incze, Lewis S.; Wolff, Nicholas] Univ So Maine, Aquat Syst Grp, Portland, ME 04103 USA.
[Leong, Jo-Ann C.] Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Kaneohe, HI USA.
[Pautzke, Clarence] N Pacific Res Board, Anchorage, AK USA.
[Rosenberg, Andrew] Conservat Int, Arlington, VA USA.
[Sandifer, Paul] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC USA.
[Sedberry, George] Grays Reef Natl Marine Sanctuary, Savannah, GA USA.
[Tunnell, John W., Jr.; Moretzsohn, Fabio] Texas A&M Univ, Harte Res Inst Gulf Mexico Studies, Corpus Christi, TX USA.
[Abbott, Isabella] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Bot, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Brainard, Russell E.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm Fisheries, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA.
[Brodeur, Melissa; Feldman, Michael] Consortium Ocean Leadership, Washington, DC USA.
[Eldredge, Lucius G.] Bernice P Bishop Museum, Honolulu, HI USA.
[Vroom, Peter S.] Univ Hawaii, Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Fautin, D (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
EM fautin@ku.edu
RI Moretzsohn, Fabio/B-8142-2012;
OI Wolff, Nicholas/0000-0003-1162-3556
FU Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration; Harte Research Institute for Gulf of Mexico Studies at
Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi; National Centers for Coastal Ocean
Science of NOAA
FX The Census of Marine Life U.S. National Committee (USNC) receives
funding from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation and the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration's Ocean Exploration and Research Program.
Authors of the Northeast Continental Shelf Large Marine Ecosystem
section gratefully acknowledge support from the Alfred P. Sloan
Foundation through the Census of Marine Life Program. Initial funding
for the project the Gulf of Mexico Large Marine Ecosystem section was
based on was provided by the Harte Research Institute for Gulf of Mexico
Studies at Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi. Later funding was
provided by the National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science of NOAA and
the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. The funders had no role in study design,
data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the
manuscript.
NR 352
TC 30
Z9 32
U1 3
U2 35
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD AUG 2
PY 2010
VL 5
IS 8
AR e11914
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0011914
PG 47
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 633RA
UT WOS:000280520400011
PM 20689852
ER
PT J
AU Jansen, JK
Boveng, PL
Dahle, SP
Bengtson, JL
AF Jansen, John K.
Boveng, Peter L.
Dahle, Shawn P.
Bengtson, John L.
TI Reaction of Harbor Seals to Cruise Ships
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Alaska; cruise ships; disturbance; energetics; harbor seal; haul-out
behavior; Phoca vitulina; predation; survival analysis; thermoregulation
ID PHOCA-VITULINA-RICHARDSI; SEASONAL-CHANGES; GLACIER BAY; ALASKA; PUPS;
CONSTRAINTS; LACTATION; BEHAVIOR; MASS; HAUL
AB The largest aggregations of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) in Alaska, USA, haul out on floating ice in tidewater glacial fjords. Seals use these fjords in peak numbers during the critical periods of pupping, breeding, and molting when visits by tour ships also peak. Documented and suspected declines of harbor seals in fjords with rising vessel traffic underscore the need to better understand possible impacts, particularly in areas where ship visits have risen substantially in the past 2 decades. We examined the interruption of haul-out bouts of harbor seals due to approaching cruise ships in Disenchantment Bay, Alaska. We conducted observations from cruise ships and focused on disturbance of seals as evidenced by seals flushing into the water from the floating ice on which they rested. We investigated rate of flushing in relation to vessel distance, approach angle, group size, and seal type (mother, pup, or other). Using a survival-regression analysis, we found that the risk of disturbing harbor seals increased when ships approached within 500 m; seals approached as close as 100 m were 25 times more likely to enter the water than seals 500 m from a ship. Seals were 4 times more prone to enter the water when ships were approaching directly rather than passing abeam. Seals responded similarly regardless of group size or seal type. Energetic models indicated a potential to disrupt energy balance and cause thermal stress in disturbed pups if they spent >50% of their time in ice-chilled water. Studies at non-glacial sites suggest that pups spend 40-70% of their time in the water. Voluntary guidelines for approaching seals in Alaska recommend that cruise ships approach >= 91 m (100 yards), a distance at which we show 90% of seals would flush into the water. Our findings indicate a need to develop regulations to maintain a 500-m separation between cruise ships and seals in all Alaskan glacial fjords.
C1 [Jansen, John K.; Boveng, Peter L.; Dahle, Shawn P.; Bengtson, John L.] NOAA, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Jansen, JK (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM john.jansen@noaa.gov
FU NorthWest CruiseShip Association via Cruise Line Agencies of Alaska
FX We appreciate the support of J. Hansen, president of NWCA, and the NWCA
member cruise lines, in allowing the use of their ships as observation
platforms. NorthWest CruiseShip Association partly funded our study and
provided transportation, via Cruise Line Agencies of Alaska, for our
observers to and from vessels. We thank the following people for helping
to observe seals: M. Basterretche (Southwest Fisheries Science Center,
NOAA), M. Cameron (National Marine Mammal Laboratory [NMML]), A.
Phillips (NMML), D. Seagars (United States Fish and Wildlife Service),
J. Wilder (National Park Service), and D. Withrow (NMML). We also thank
the Yakutat Tlingit Tribe, particularly B. Adams, Jr., for help in
arranging logistics; for sharing traditional ecological knowledge; and
for sponsoring 2 student interns, D. James and L. Vale. We also thank
Ray Sensmeier, of Yakutat, for his tireless efforts to focus attention
on this important issue. The National Weather Service (NOAA) office in
Yakutat provided office space and lodging. We thank J. Nylen and the
crew of the M/V Survey Point for transporting observers to and from
cruise ships. Ashbury International Group Inc. loaned us a pair of
rangefinder binoculars. We thank D. Rugh, S. Melin, B. Mathews, K. Brix,
D. DeMaster, and 2 anonymous reviewers for helpful suggestions. We also
appreciate the insights of journal editors. The mention of trade names,
commercial products, or vendors does not constitute endorsement or
recommendation for use by the United States Government.
NR 53
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 2
U2 35
PU WILDLIFE SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 USA
SN 0022-541X
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 74
IS 6
BP 1186
EP 1194
DI 10.2193/2008-192
PG 9
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 630ZT
UT WOS:000280316700004
ER
PT J
AU Espeland, EK
O'Farrell, MR
AF Espeland, Erin K.
O'Farrell, Michael R.
TI SMALL VARIANCE IN GROWTH RATES IN ANNUAL PLANTS HAS LARGE EFFECTS ON
GENETIC DRIFT
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
LA English
DT Article
DE annual plants; conservation genetics; effective population size; growth
rate variance; variance N(e)
ID EFFECTIVE POPULATION-SIZE; REPRODUCTIVE ALLOCATION; LIFE-HISTORY; CLONAL
PLANT; VARIABILITY; COMPETITION; INDIVIDUALS; HIERARCHIES; PLASTICITY;
SELECTION
AB Premise of the Study: Effective population size (N(e)) is a critical index of the evolutionary capacity of populations. Low N(e) indicates that standing genetic diversity is susceptible to loss via stochastic processes (and inbreeding) and is, therefore, unavailable for natural selection to act upon. Reported N(e) in plant populations is often quite low. What biological and ecological factors might produce such low N(e)?
Methods: We conducted a simulation model to test the effect of randomly assigned and autocorrelated growth rates of annual plants on plant-size distributions at the end of the growing season. Because plant size is directly correlated with reproductive output in annual plants, variation in plant size reflects variation in reproduction, and thus our modeled size distributions can be used to estimate N(e).
Key Results: Randomly assigned growth rates had a negligble effect on N(e)/N. Autocorrelated growth rates decreased N(e)/N as the length of the growing season increased. This was the case even when the variance in growth rates was as low as 0.1% of the mean.
Conclusions: While intrinsic plant biology can affect the degree of growth autocorrelation, ecological factors such as competition, herbivory, and abiotic stress can increase or decrease levels of growth autocorrelation. Ecological factors that increase growth autocorrelation can have significant effects on genetic drift within populations.
C1 [Espeland, Erin K.; O'Farrell, Michael R.] Univ Calif Davis, Grad Grp Ecol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[O'Farrell, Michael R.] NOAA, Fisheries Ecol Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Espeland, EK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, No Plains Agr Lab, Pest Management Unit, Sidney, MT 59270 USA.
EM erin.espeland@ars.usda.gov
NR 36
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 11
PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC
PI ST LOUIS
PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA
SN 0002-9122
J9 AM J BOT
JI Am. J. Bot.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 97
IS 8
BP 1407
EP 1411
DI 10.3732/ajb.1000006
PG 5
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 633EH
UT WOS:000280481800016
PM 21616892
ER
PT J
AU MacCuspie, RI
Elsen, AM
Diamanti, SJ
Patton, ST
Altfeder, I
Jacobs, JD
Voevodin, AA
Vaia, RA
AF MacCuspie, Robert I.
Elsen, Andrea M.
Diamanti, Steve J.
Patton, Steve T.
Altfeder, Igor
Jacobs, J. David
Voevodin, Andrey A.
Vaia, Richard A.
TI Purification - chemical structure - electrical property relationship in
gold nanoparticle liquids
SO APPLIED ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Future Trends in Organic/Inorganic Nanocomposite Hybrid
Materiald
CY MAY, 2009
CL Himeji, JAPAN
DE nanoparticle liquids; gold nanoparticles; RF-MEMS switch; XPS
ID SURFACE-FUNCTIONALIZED NANOPARTICLES; LIGAND-EXCHANGE; CONDUCTING
NANOCOMPOSITES; UNDECAGOLD CLUSTERS; METAL NANOPARTICLES; AU
NANOPARTICLES; BEHAVIOR; MONOLAYER; DYNAMICS; MECHANISM
AB Macroscopic assemblies of nanoparticles with fluid like characteristics, i.e. nanoparticle liquids (NPLs), are a new class of materials that exhibit unique properties compared with dispersions of nanoparticles in a molecularly distinct matrix phase. By focusing on reaction ratios, techniques to maximize concentration of reactants and quantification of chemical content during washing steps, a high degree of control over the purity of NPLs was maintained while allowing for easy scalability in batch sizes and synthesis throughput. A range of tertiary amines and quaternary ammoniums were used to successfully synthesize Au NPLs from a range of Au nanoparticles with nominal diameters from 6 to 20 nm and initially stabilized with either citrate or dodecanethiol. Stable Au NPLs after purification exhibited a sub-equivalence ratio of canopy to ligand molecules within the corona. This small canopy density most likely arose from the incommensurate areal density of anionic charge within the ligand shell relative to the larger size of the cationic canopy molecule, resulting in a population of cation-anion pairs too weakly bound to be retained in the initial assembly of the canopy post-purification. Finally, increasing either the volume fraction or molecular weight of the canopy was found to increase exponentially the electrical resistance of the bulk NPLs. Removal of excess canopy molecules created a conductive Au NPL that improved hot-current switching durability by at least two orders of magnitude beyond prior reports. Published in 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Vaia, Richard A.] USAF, Res Lab, RXBN, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
[MacCuspie, Robert I.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Patton, Steve T.] Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA.
RP Vaia, RA (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, RXBN, 2941 Hobson Way, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA.
EM richard.vaia@wpafb.afmil
RI Voevodin, Andrey/I-6684-2013;
OI MacCuspie, Robert/0000-0002-6618-6499
NR 66
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 25
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 0268-2605
J9 APPL ORGANOMET CHEM
JI Appl. Organomet. Chem.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 24
IS 8
SI SI
BP 590
EP 599
DI 10.1002/aoc.1632
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
SC Chemistry
GA 634XZ
UT WOS:000280620900011
ER
PT J
AU Hofstetter, D
Giorgetta, FR
Baumann, E
Yang, Q
Manz, C
Kohler, K
AF Hofstetter, D.
Giorgetta, F. R.
Baumann, E.
Yang, Q.
Manz, C.
Koehler, K.
TI Mid-infrared quantum cascade detectors for applications in spectroscopy
and pyrometry
SO APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 7th International Conference on Tunable Diode Laser Spectroscopy
CY JUL 13-17, 2009
CL Zermatt, SWITZERLAND
SP Connecticut Coll, RAS, AM Prokhoroc Gen Phys Inst, ETH, Inst Quantum Elect
ID MU-M; INTERSUBBAND TRANSITIONS; INFRARED DETECTORS; OPERATION;
PHOTODETECTORS; ABSORPTION; GHZ
AB In this paper, we give an overview of quantum cascade detector technology for the near- and mid-infrared wavelength range. Thanks to their photovoltaic operating principle, the most advanced quantum cascade detectors offer great opportunities in terms of high detection speed, reliable room temperature operation, and excellent Johnson noise limited detectivity. Besides some important features dealing with their fabrication and their general characteristics, we will also briefly present some possibilities for performance improvement. Elementary theoretical considerations adopted from photoconductive detectors confirm that optimization of such devices always involves various trade-offs.
C1 [Hofstetter, D.] Univ Neuchatel, CH-2009 Neuchatel, Switzerland.
[Giorgetta, F. R.; Baumann, E.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Optoelect, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Yang, Q.; Manz, C.; Koehler, K.] Fraunhofer Inst Appl Solid State Phys, D-79108 Freiburg, Germany.
RP Hofstetter, D (reprint author), Univ Neuchatel, Ave Bellevaux 51, CH-2009 Neuchatel, Switzerland.
EM Daniel.Hofstetter@unine.ch
RI Giorgetta, Fabrizio/O-1730-2014; Baumann, Esther/P-1315-2015
OI Giorgetta, Fabrizio/0000-0003-2066-3912; Baumann,
Esther/0000-0002-6569-2090
NR 24
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 3
U2 17
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0946-2171
EI 1432-0649
J9 APPL PHYS B-LASERS O
JI Appl. Phys. B-Lasers Opt.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 100
IS 2
SI SI
BP 313
EP 320
DI 10.1007/s00340-010-3965-2
PG 8
WC Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Optics; Physics
GA 634PC
UT WOS:000280594400012
ER
PT J
AU Hatlen, K
Sloan, CA
Burrows, DG
Collier, TK
Scholz, NL
Incardona, JP
AF Hatlen, Kristin
Sloan, Catherine A.
Burrows, Douglas G.
Collier, Tracy K.
Scholz, Nathaniel L.
Incardona, John P.
TI Natural sunlight and residual fuel oils are an acutely lethal
combination for fish embryos
SO AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Oil spills; PAHs; Heterocyclic compounds; Phototoxicity
ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; MEDAKA ORYZIAS-LATIPES; SLOPE
CRUDE-OIL; PHOTOENHANCED TOXICITY; ULTRAVIOLET-RADIATION;
PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; FATHEAD MINNOW; PHOTOTOXICITY; FLUORANTHENE;
ZEBRAFISH
AB The majority of studies characterizing the mechanisms of oil toxicity in fish embryos and larvae have focused largely on unrefined crude oil. Few studies have addressed the toxicity of modern bunker fuels, which contain residual oils that are the highly processed and chemically distinct remains of the crude oil refinement process. Here we use zebrafish embryos to investigate potential toxicological differences between unrefined crude and residual fuel oils, and test the effects of sunlight as an additional stressor. Using mechanically dispersed oil preparations, the embryotoxicity of two bunker oils was compared to a standard crude oil from the Alaska North Slope. In the absence of sunlight, all three oils produced the stereotypical cardiac toxicity that has been linked to the fraction of tricyclic aromatic compounds in an oil mixture. However, the cardiotoxicity of bunker oils did not correlate strictly with the concentrations of tricyclic compounds. Moreover, when embryos were sequentially exposed to oil and natural sunlight, the bunker oils produced a rapid onset cell-lethal toxicity not observed with crude oil. To investigate the chemical basis of this differential toxicity, a GC/MS full scan analysis was used to identify a range of compounds that were enriched in the bunker oils. The much higher phototoxic potential of chemically distinct bunker oils observed here suggests that this mode of action should be considered in the assessment of bunker oil spill impacts, and indicates the need for a broader approach to understanding the aquatic toxicity of different oils. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Hatlen, Kristin; Sloan, Catherine A.; Burrows, Douglas G.; Collier, Tracy K.; Scholz, Nathaniel L.; Incardona, John P.] NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Environm Conservat Div, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Incardona, JP (reprint author), NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Environm Conservat Div, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM john.incardona@noaa.gov
RI Scholz, Nathaniel/L-1642-2013
OI Scholz, Nathaniel/0000-0001-6207-0272
FU NOAA
FX The authors thank Susan Sugarman (OSPR) for providing the IFO1 sample
and Sven Christensen (Olympic Tug and Barge) for providing the IFO2
sample, Mark Carls for providing the radiometer, Tiffany Linbo for
zebrafish husbandry, Gina Ylitalo, Jim Meador, and Jana Labenia for
critical reviews of the manuscript. This work was supported by NOAA
Fisheries programatic funds and the authors are solely responsible for
the experimental design, implementation, data analysis and
interpretation.
NR 39
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U1 1
U2 31
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-445X
EI 1879-1514
J9 AQUAT TOXICOL
JI Aquat. Toxicol.
PD AUG 1
PY 2010
VL 99
IS 1
BP 56
EP 64
DI 10.1016/j.aquatox.2010.04.002
PG 9
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology
GA 617JU
UT WOS:000279277800006
PM 20435358
ER
PT J
AU Wang, PK
Su, SH
Setvak, M
Lin, HM
Rabin, RM
AF Wang, Pao K.
Su, Shih-Hao
Setvak, Martin
Lin, Hsinmu
Rabin, Robert M.
TI Ship wave signature at the cloud top of deep convective storms
SO ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Ship waves; Severe storms; Deep convection; Blocking; Diverging mode;
Transverse mode
ID THUNDERSTORM; PLUMES
AB We identify certain features atop some thunderstorms observed by meteorological satellites as ship wave-like. A few examples of satellite visible images are shown and the ship wave signature patterns in them are identified and discussed. The presence of ship wave signatures implies the existence of a dynamical mechanism in the storm that behaves like an obstacle to the ambient flow. We use a numerical storm model simulation to show that this mechanism is due to the strong updraft and divergence in the upper part of the storm. (c) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wang, Pao K.; Su, Shih-Hao] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Setvak, Martin] Czech Hydrometeorol Inst, CZ-14306 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
[Lin, Hsinmu] US EPA, STC, ORD NERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Lin, Hsinmu] NOAA ARL AMD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Rabin, Robert M.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
RP Wang, PK (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, 1225 W Dayton St, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM pao@windy.aos.wisc.edu
FU US NSF [ATM-0244505, ATM-0729898]; Grant Agency of the Czech Republic
[205/07/0905]; NOAA/NESDIS GOES-I/M Product Assurance Plan (GIMPAP)
FX PKW would like to acknowledge the partial support of US NSF Grants
ATM-0244505 and ATM-0729898, and MS a partial support of the Grant
Agency of the Czech Republic, project 205/07/0905. RMR would like to
acknowledge partial support from the NOAA/NESDIS GOES-I/M Product
Assurance Plan (GIMPAP). Any opinions, findings and conclusions or
recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s)
and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science
Foundation (NSF).
NR 17
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Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0169-8095
J9 ATMOS RES
JI Atmos. Res.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 97
IS 3
BP 294
EP 302
DI 10.1016/j.atmosres2010.03.015
PG 9
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 630MV
UT WOS:000280278400002
ER
PT J
AU Shen, XY
Wang, Y
Zhang, N
Li, XF
AF Shen, Xinyong
Wang, Yi
Zhang, Nan
Li, Xiaofan
TI Roles of large-scale forcing, thermodynamics, and cloud microphysics in
tropical precipitation processes
SO ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Precipitation processes; Water vapor convergence; Local change of water
vapor; Local change of hydrometeor concentration; Cloud-resolving model
simulation
ID RESOLVING MODEL SIMULATIONS; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; CUMULUS
CONVECTION; RADIATION INTERACTION; MICROSCALE STRUCTURE; STRATIFORM
RAINFALL; MESOSCALE PROCESSES; DIURNAL-VARIATIONS; FRONTAL RAINBANDS;
ICE CLOUDS
AB Roles of large-scale forcing, thermodynamics, and cloud microphysics in tropical precipitation processes are investigated by analyzing data from a two-dimensional cloud-resolving model simulation. The model is forced by large-scale vertical velocity, zonal wind, horizontal advection, and sea surface temperature observed and derived from TOGA COARE and is integrated from 22 December 1992 to 8 January 1993. The composite analyses of imposed large-scale vertical velocity and water vapor mass flux, and surface rainfall, heat, and cloud microphysical budgets are carried out in eight cases that are categorized by water vapor convergence associated with imposed large-scale vertical velocity and local changes of water vapor and hydrometeor concentration. The analysis of model domain mean surface rainfall budgets shows that the local changes in water vapor and cloud hydrometeor concentration could be as important as the water vapor convergence in producing precipitation. The accurate estimates of these precipitation processes are needed in the climate models to avoid climate biases.
The regional analysis shows that the imposed large-scale tropospheric upward motions enhance water vapor convergence and heat divergence and convective rainfall whereas imposed lower-tropospheric downward motions enhance water vapor divergence over stratiform regions and suppress stratiform rainfall. The local atmospheric drying over raining regions is associated with the strengthening of surface rainfall in the cases with mean local atmospheric drying. The local atmospheric moistening is associated with the strengthening of the water vapor convergence over non-raining regions and the convective rainfall is reduced by the weakening of the water vapor convergence over convective regions in the cases with mean local atmospheric moistening. The decrease and increase of mean local hydrometeor concentration are mainly from raining stratiform and convective regions, respectively. The enhancement and reduction of stratiform and convective rainfall are associated with the decrease and increase of local hydrometeor concentration, respectively, in the cases with decrease and increase of mean local hydrometeor concentration. (c) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Shen, Xinyong] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Coll Atmospher Sci, Key Lab Meteorol Disaster, Minist Educ, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Shen, Xinyong] Univ Maryland, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Li, Xiaofan] NOAA, NESDIS, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Camp Springs, MD USA.
RP Shen, XY (reprint author), Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Coll Atmospher Sci, Key Lab Meteorol Disaster, Minist Educ, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
EM sxydr@126.com
RI Li, Xiaofan/F-5605-2010; Li, Xiaofan/G-2094-2014
FU National Key Basic Research and Development Project of China
[2009CB421503, 2004CB418301]; National Natural Science Foundation of
China [40775033]; Chinese Special Scientific Research Project for Public
Interest [GYHY200806009]
FX The authors thank Dr. W.-K. Tao at NASA/GSFC for his cloud-resolving
model, Prof. M. Zhang SUNY, Stony brook for his TOGA COARE forcing data,
and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments that improve
the early version of this work significantly. This study is supported by
the National Key Basic Research and Development Project of China under
Grant No. 2009CB421503 and No. 2004CB418301, the National Natural
Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 40775033, and the Chinese
Special Scientific Research Project for Public Interest under Grant No.
GYHY200806009.
NR 55
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U1 1
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0169-8095
J9 ATMOS RES
JI Atmos. Res.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 97
IS 3
BP 371
EP 384
DI 10.1016/j.atmosres.2010.04.014
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 630MV
UT WOS:000280278400008
ER
PT J
AU Liu, JY
Brown, CL
Yang, TB
AF Liu, Jian-Yong
Brown, Christopher L.
Yang, Ting-Bao
TI Phylogenetic relationships of mullets (Mugilidae) in China Seas based on
partial sequences of two mitochondrial genes
SO BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMATICS AND ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE China coast; Mugilidae family; Mitochondrial DNA; Phylogeny
ID 6 MEDITERRANEAN MULLETS; CHROMOSOMAL EVOLUTION; CYTOGENETIC ANALYSIS;
MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; SPECIES MUGILIDAE; MTDNA SEGMENTS; DNA SEQUENCE;
PISCES; TELEOSTEI; POPULATIONS
AB Phylogenetic analyses of Mugilidae species from the China coast were carried out based on 16S and 12S rRNA mitochondrial gene sequences by maximum parsimony maximum likelihood Bayesian inference and neighbor joining analysis in the present study The results suggested that Mugil cephalus is the most genetically divergent species among the Mugilidae The four Liza species clustered together and formed a monophyletic group The genera Osteomugil showed closer affiliation with Valamugil than with Ellochelon these three genera then grouped together to form a monophyletic clade presenting as the sister group to Liza Analyses of phylogenetic and genetic distance indicated that Southern and Northern lineages of Liza haematocheila may be two different species likewise strong genetic divergence existed between Southern and Northern M cephalus lineages In addition our results supported the Southern origin of Chinese Mugilids which is contrary to the hypothesis based on morphological characters (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved
C1 [Liu, Jian-Yong; Yang, Ting-Bao] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Ctr Parasit Organisms, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
[Liu, Jian-Yong; Yang, Ting-Bao] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Inst Aquat Econ Anim, Sch Life Sci, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
[Liu, Jian-Yong] Guangdong Ocean Univ, Coll Fisheries, Zhanjiang 524025, Peoples R China.
[Brown, Christopher L.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NOAA, Milford Lab, Milford, CT 06460 USA.
RP Yang, TB (reprint author), Sun Yat Sen Univ, Ctr Parasit Organisms, Xingang Xi Rd, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30771659]; National 863
Science and Technology project [2006AA09418]
FX This work was funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No
30771659) and the National 863 Science and Technology project (No
2006AA09418) We would like to thank Li Xongxong Xie Renzheng Wang
Zhenhuai and Zhang Lijun for their assistance in sample collection and
Li Min Huang Jianrong Liu Chunhua and Zhang Guangzhen for their help
during the experiment We also appreciate the helpful comments of the
anonymous referees which improved the manuscript
NR 55
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PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0305-1978
J9 BIOCHEM SYST ECOL
JI Biochem. Syst. Ecol.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 38
IS 4
BP 647
EP 655
DI 10.1016/j.bse.2010.01.007
PG 9
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Evolutionary Biology
GA 684RA
UT WOS:000284565800024
ER
PT J
AU Bremer, JRA
Ditty, JG
Turner, JS
Saxton, BL
AF Bremer, Jaime R. Alvaiado
Ditty, James G.
Turner, Jennifer S.
Saxton, Brandon L.
TI Molecular species identification of commercially important penaeid
shrimp from the Gulf of Mexico using a multiplex haplotype-specific PCR
assay
SO BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMATICS AND ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Multiplex PCR; Penneid shrimp; Species identification; Farfantepenaeus
aztecus; F brasiliensis; F duorarum; Litopenaeus vannamei; L setiferus;
Brown shrimp; Pinkspot shrimp; Pink shrimp; Northern white shrimp;
Pacific white shrimp
ID WESTERN ATLANTIC; BODY PARTS; PHYLOGENY; AMPLIFICATION; BIOGEOGRAPHY;
LARVAE; TRADE
AB This study describes a multiplex PCR assay based on the 16S rRNA mitochondrial gene to identify the penaeid shrimp Farfantepenaeus aztecus Farfantepenaeus duorarum Farfante penaeus brasthensis and Litopenaeus setiferus all native to the Gulf of Mexico and the exotic Litopenaeus vannamei The assay was validated using positively identified adult shrimp and confirmed by direct sequencing Samples of postlarvae and early juveniles collected in the eastern and western Gulf of Mexico were tested yielding 119 F aztecus 78 F duorarum and five L setiferus Reliable identification of the morphologically similar early life stages of F azterus and F duorarum has important implications for management and conservation Similarly the ability to identify L vannamei is relevant as early detection could help minimize the ecological impact if this species escapes to the wild (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved
C1 [Bremer, Jaime R. Alvaiado; Turner, Jennifer S.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Marine Biol, Galveston, TX 77551 USA.
[Bremer, Jaime R. Alvaiado; Saxton, Brandon L.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Ditty, James G.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NOAA, Galveston, TX 77551 USA.
RP Bremer, JRA (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Marine Biol, 5007 Ave U, Galveston, TX 77551 USA.
RI Ditty, Jim/B-6686-2009
FU Texas Institute of Oceanography (TIO); Texas Sea Grant [424013]
FX We thank Dr Jim Tolan of the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department for
providing L vannamei specimens Thanks to Dr Ronnie Baker Juan Salas
Shawn Hillen Jennifer Doerr Seth King Kirk Kilfoyle Enji Guy from NOAA
Galveston laboratory for collecting shrimp in Galveston Bay We thank Dr
Ron Hill for providing shrimp from the US Virgin Islands and to Dr Ed
Matheson of Florida Freshwater Fish Commission and Dr Maria Criales of
NOAA Miami Laboratory for shrimp from Florida waters Thanks also to Dr
Darryl Felder and Dr Heather Bracken of the University of Louisiana
Lafayette for their technical suggestions Expert technical assistance in
the laboratory at the Molecular Ecology and Fisheries Genetics lab
(MEFGEN) Texas A&M University at Galveston (TAMUG) was provided by Dr
Jordi Vinas Jennifer Atchinson Kristine Hiltunen Heather Walker Danielle
Higgins Chris Courtney Carlos Ruiz and Alex Chapman This study was
supported with funds provided by the Texas Institute of Oceanography
(TIO) and by Texas Sea Grant (Project 424013)
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PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0305-1978
J9 BIOCHEM SYST ECOL
JI Biochem. Syst. Ecol.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 38
IS 4
BP 715
EP 721
DI 10.1016/j.bse.2010.05.006
PG 7
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Evolutionary Biology
GA 684RA
UT WOS:000284565800034
ER
PT J
AU Wang, WG
Rotach, MW
AF Wang, Weiguo
Rotach, Mathias W.
TI Flux Footprints Over an Undulating Surface
SO BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Footprint distribution function; Lagrangian stochastic model; Large-eddy
simulation; Undulating surface
ID CONVECTIVE BOUNDARY-LAYER; LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION; LAGRANGIAN
STOCHASTIC-MODELS; DISPERSION MODELS; SCALAR FLUXES; INHOMOGENEOUS
TURBULENCE; HETEROGENEOUS FOREST; BACKWARD; FLOW; CANOPIES
AB The flux footprint probability distribution (FPD) functions for near-surface receptors over an idealised undulating surface are evaluated using a backward Lagrangian stochastic model. The wind and turbulence fields employed to drive the stochastic model are derived from large-eddy simulations, in which the horizontal wind aligns with the surface-elevation-varying direction. The flux FPD for a receptor is affected by flow divergence or convergence, and varies with the receptor's location. The widest crosswind-integrated FPD (CIFPD) curve with the smallest peak value appears when the receptor is located in the crest area, while the narrowest CIFPD curve with the largest peak value appears when the receptor is located in the windward area. Experiments are designed to highlight the impact of the horizontal homogeneity assumption on the estimation of the FPD. When the receptor is located in the area with surface-wind convergence, the peak value of the CIFPD is larger than its counterpart under assumed horizontally homogeneous flow conditions, with the peak position being closer to the receptor. The case is reversed when the receptor is located in the area with surface-wind divergence. Similar results are obtained when the CIFPD derived from an analytical footprint model (developed under the assumption of horizontally homogeneous flow conditions) is compared with that from the stochastic model over the undulating surface. The analytical model fails to simulate the CIFPD in the local downwind area under weak wind conditions due to the longitudinal wind fluctuation not being considered.
C1 [Wang, Weiguo] NOAA, Plural Solut EMC NCEP, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[Rotach, Mathias W.] MeteoSwiss, Fed Off Meteorol & Climatol, Zurich, Switzerland.
RP Wang, WG (reprint author), NOAA, Plural Solut EMC NCEP, 5200 Auth Rd,Rm 201, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
EM wang_wg@yahoo.com
RI Wang, Weiguo/B-4948-2009
NR 56
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U1 1
U2 5
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0006-8314
J9 BOUND-LAY METEOROL
JI Bound.-Layer Meteor.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 136
IS 2
BP 325
EP 340
DI 10.1007/s10546-010-9498-8
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 619TS
UT WOS:000279453800008
ER
PT J
AU Lindsey, DT
Miller, SD
Grasso, L
AF Lindsey, Daniel T.
Miller, Steven D.
Grasso, Louie
TI The Impacts of the 9 April 2009 Dust and Smoke on Convection
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID CLOUDS
C1 [Lindsey, Daniel T.] NOAA NESDIS STAR RAMMB, Ft Collins, CO USA.
[Miller, Steven D.; Grasso, Louie] Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Lindsey, DT (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, CIRA, 1375 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM Dan.Lindsey@noaa.gov
RI Lindsey, Dan/F-5607-2010
OI Lindsey, Dan/0000-0002-0967-5683
NR 8
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U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 91
IS 8
BP 991
EP 995
DI 10.1175/2010BAMS2964.1
PG 5
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 648OV
UT WOS:000281704700001
ER
PT J
AU Saha, S
Moorthi, S
Pan, HL
Wu, XR
Wang, JD
Nadiga, S
Tripp, P
Kistler, R
Woollen, J
Behringer, D
Liu, HX
Stokes, D
Grumbine, R
Gayno, G
Wang, J
Hou, YT
Chuang, HY
Juang, HMH
Sela, J
Iredell, M
Treadon, R
Kleist, D
Van Delst, P
Keyser, D
Derber, J
Ek, M
Meng, J
Wei, HL
Yang, RQ
Lord, S
Van den Dool, H
Kumar, A
Wang, WQ
Long, C
Chelliah, M
Xue, Y
Huang, BY
Schemm, JK
Ebisuzaki, W
Lin, R
Xie, PP
Chen, MY
Zhou, ST
Higgins, W
Zou, CZ
Liu, QH
Chen, Y
Han, Y
Cucurull, L
Reynolds, RW
Rutledge, G
Goldberg, M
AF Saha, Suranjana
Moorthi, Shrinivas
Pan, Hua-Lu
Wu, Xingren
Wang, Jiande
Nadiga, Sudhir
Tripp, Patrick
Kistler, Robert
Woollen, John
Behringer, David
Liu, Haixia
Stokes, Diane
Grumbine, Robert
Gayno, George
Wang, Jun
Hou, Yu-Tai
Chuang, Hui-Ya
Juang, Hann-Ming H.
Sela, Joe
Iredell, Mark
Treadon, Russ
Kleist, Daryl
Van Delst, Paul
Keyser, Dennis
Derber, John
Ek, Michael
Meng, Jesse
Wei, Helin
Yang, Rongqian
Lord, Stephen
Van den Dool, Huug
Kumar, Arun
Wang, Wanqiu
Long, Craig
Chelliah, Muthuvel
Xue, Yan
Huang, Boyin
Schemm, Jae-Kyung
Ebisuzaki, Wesley
Lin, Roger
Xie, Pingping
Chen, Mingyue
Zhou, Shuntai
Higgins, Wayne
Zou, Cheng-Zhi
Liu, Quanhua
Chen, Yong
Han, Yong
Cucurull, Lidia
Reynolds, Richard W.
Rutledge, Glenn
Goldberg, Mitch
TI THE NCEP CLIMATE FORECAST SYSTEM REANALYSIS
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID DATA ASSIMILATION SYSTEM; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; VARIATIONAL
STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS; GLOBAL DATA ASSIMILATION; MICROWAVE SOUNDING UNIT;
RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; RECURSIVE FILTERS; NUMERICAL ASPECTS;
NEURAL-NETWORK; COUPLED MODEL
C1 [Saha, Suranjana; Moorthi, Shrinivas; Pan, Hua-Lu; Behringer, David; Stokes, Diane; Grumbine, Robert; Hou, Yu-Tai; Chuang, Hui-Ya; Juang, Hann-Ming H.; Sela, Joe; Iredell, Mark; Treadon, Russ; Keyser, Dennis; Derber, John; Ek, Michael; Lord, Stephen] NCEP NWS NOAA, Environm Modeling Ctr, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Van den Dool, Huug; Kumar, Arun; Wang, Wanqiu; Long, Craig; Chelliah, Muthuvel; Xue, Yan; Schemm, Jae-Kyung; Ebisuzaki, Wesley; Xie, Pingping; Chen, Mingyue; Higgins, Wayne] NCEP NWS NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Wu, Xingren; Wang, Jiande; Nadiga, Sudhir; Kistler, Robert; Woollen, John; Liu, Haixia; Gayno, George; Wang, Jun; Kleist, Daryl; Van Delst, Paul; Meng, Jesse; Wei, Helin; Yang, Rongqian] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Mclean, VA 22102 USA.
[Zou, Cheng-Zhi; Cucurull, Lidia; Goldberg, Mitch] NESDIS NOAA, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Liu, Quanhua] NASA NOAA, Joint Ctr Satellite Data Assimilat, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Rutledge, Glenn] NOAA NESDIS, Natl Climat Data Ctr, Asheville, NC USA.
[Tripp, Patrick] IM Syst Grp Inc, Rockville, MD USA.
[Huang, Boyin; Lin, Roger] NOAA, Cooperat Inst Climate & Satellites, Raleigh, NC USA.
[Huang, Boyin; Lin, Roger] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Zhou, Shuntai] Wyle Informat Syst, Mclean, VA USA.
RP Saha, S (reprint author), NOAA Sci Ctr, 5200 Auth Rd, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
EM suranjana.saha@noaa.gov
RI Han, Yong/F-5590-2010; Goldberg, Mitch/F-5589-2010; Grumbine,
Robert/B-9865-2008; Liu, Quanhua/B-6608-2008; Zou,
Cheng-Zhi/E-3085-2010; Cucurull, Lidia/E-8900-2015; Kleist, Daryl
/C-7771-2016; Chen, Yong/E-4321-2010
OI Han, Yong/0000-0002-0183-7270; Liu, Quanhua/0000-0002-3616-351X; Chen,
Yong/0000-0002-0279-9405
FU U.S. Climate Program Office
FX We acknowledge the U.S. Climate Program Office (reanalysis grant) for
funding part of this project. We thank the staff of EMC, CPC, NCEP
Central Operations (NCO), and NESDIS for their various contributions in
completing this large endeavor in record time. We thank Kenneth E.
Mitchell, now retired from NCEP/EMC, for his guidance in updating the
land system used in the CFSR. We acknowledge the Geophysical Fluid
Dynamical Laboratory (GFDL) for the ocean and sea ice model used in the
CFSR. We thank George VandenBerghe, Carolyn Pasti, Doris Pan, Don Avart,
Cameron Shelton, and others for their outstanding computer support. We
acknowledge the efforts of Augustin Vintzileos (EMC) and Adrian Simmons
(ECMWF) to give us the AMMA observations in time for use in the CFSR.
The CFSR Science Advisory Board (chaired by Jeff Anderson) gave useful
guidance at the start of the project. A very thorough and constructive
internal review was provided by Glenn White (EMC). Reviews by Jeff
Anderson, Michael Bosilovich, and Chet Ropelewski were very helpful. As
with other reanalysis projects, this is the collective work of many
people from many organizations. We express our gratitude to all of them.
NR 142
TC 1356
Z9 1418
U1 23
U2 160
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 91
IS 8
BP 1015
EP 1057
DI 10.1175/2010BAMS3001.1
PG 43
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 648OV
UT WOS:000281704700004
ER
PT J
AU Bougeault, P
Toth, Z
Bishop, C
Brown, B
Burridge, D
Chen, DH
Ebert, B
Fuentes, M
Hamill, TM
Mylne, K
Nicolau, J
Paccagnella, T
Park, YY
Parsons, D
Raoult, B
Schuster, D
Dias, PS
Swinbank, R
Takeuchi, Y
Tennant, W
Wilson, L
Worley, S
AF Bougeault, Philippe
Toth, Zoltan
Bishop, Craig
Brown, Barbara
Burridge, David
Chen, De Hui
Ebert, Beth
Fuentes, Manuel
Hamill, Thomas M.
Mylne, Ken
Nicolau, Jean
Paccagnella, Tiziana
Park, Young-Youn
Parsons, David
Raoult, Baudouin
Schuster, Doug
Dias, Pedro Silva
Swinbank, Richard
Takeuchi, Yoshiaki
Tennant, Warren
Wilson, Laurence
Worley, Steve
TI THE THORPEX INTERACTIVE GRAND GLOBAL ENSEMBLE
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Bougeault, Philippe; Fuentes, Manuel; Raoult, Baudouin] European Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Reading RG2 9AX, Berks, England.
[Toth, Zoltan] Natl Ctr Environm Predict, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Bishop, Craig] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA USA.
[Brown, Barbara; Schuster, Doug; Worley, Steve] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Burridge, David; Parsons, David] World Meteorol Org, Geneva, Switzerland.
[Chen, De Hui] Chinese Meteorol Adm, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Ebert, Beth] Ctr Australian Weather & Climate Res, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.
[Hamill, Thomas M.] NOAA, Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Mylne, Ken; Swinbank, Richard; Tennant, Warren] Met Off, Exeter, Devon, England.
[Paccagnella, Tiziana] Agenzia Reg Prevenz Ambiante Emili, Bologna, Italy.
[Park, Young-Youn] Korean Meteorol Adm, Seoul, South Korea.
[Dias, Pedro Silva] Natl Lab Sci Comp, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[Dias, Pedro Silva] Univ Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[Takeuchi, Yoshiaki] Japan Meteorol Agcy, Tokyo, Japan.
[Wilson, Laurence] Meteorol Serv Canada, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
RP Bougeault, P (reprint author), European Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecasts, Shinfield Pk, Reading RG2 9AX, Berks, England.
EM philippe.bougeault@meteo.fr
RI Leite da Silva Dias, Pedro/H-1183-2016; Toth, Zoltan/I-6624-2015
OI Leite da Silva Dias, Pedro/0000-0002-4051-2962; paccagnella,
tiziana/0000-0001-6422-7341; Toth, Zoltan/0000-0002-9635-9194
NR 15
TC 120
Z9 122
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 91
IS 8
BP 1059
EP 1072
DI 10.1175/2010BAMS2853.1
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 648OV
UT WOS:000281704700005
ER
PT J
AU Geernaert, G
Businger, S
Jeffery, C
Dunn, T
Elsberry, R
MacGorman, D
AF Geernaert, Gerald
Businger, Steven
Jeffery, Christopher
Dunn, Thomas
Elsberry, Russ
MacGorman, Don
TI USING NOVEL LIGHTNING DATA AND ADVANCED MODELING APPROACHES TO PREDICT
MARITIME CYCLOGENESIS
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Geernaert, Gerald; Jeffery, Christopher] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Businger, Steven; Dunn, Thomas] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Elsberry, Russ] USN, Postgrad Sch, Monterey, CA USA.
[MacGorman, Don] NOAA NSSL, Norman, OK USA.
RP Geernaert, G (reprint author), LANL MS T 006, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
EM geernaert@lanl.gov
OI MacGorman, Donald/0000-0002-2395-8196
NR 0
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 91
IS 8
BP 1091
EP 1093
DI 10.1175/2010BAMS2926.1
PG 3
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 648OV
UT WOS:000281704700008
ER
PT J
AU Ashford, J
La Mesa, M
Fach, BA
Jones, C
Everson, I
AF Ashford, Julian
La Mesa, Mario
Fach, Bettina A.
Jones, Christopher
Everson, Inigo
TI Testing early life connectivity using otolith chemistry and
particle-tracking simulations
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID ANTARCTIC CIRCUMPOLAR CURRENT; SOUTH SHETLAND ISLANDS; TOOTHFISH
DISSOSTICHUS-ELEGINOIDES; ICEFISH CHAENOCEPHALUS-ACERATUS; KRILL
EUPHAUSIA-SUPERBA; SCOTIA SEA ICEFISH; MARINE FISH; STOCK
IDENTIFICATION; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; OCEAN CIRCULATION
AB We measured the otolith chemistry of adult Scotia Sea icefish (Chaenocephalus aceratus), a species with a long pelagic larval phase, along the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) and compared the chemistry with simulated particle transport using a circulation model. Material laid down in otolith nuclei during early life showed (i) strong heterogeneity between the Antarctic Peninsula and South Georgia consistent with a population boundary, (ii) evidence of finer-scale heterogeneity between sampling areas on the Antarctic Peninsula, and (iii) similarity between the eastern and northern shelves of South Georgia, indicating a single, self-recruiting population there. Consistent with the otolith chemistry, simulations of the large-scale circulation predicted that particles released at depths of 100-300 m on the Antarctic Peninsula shelf during spring, corresponding to hatching of icefish larvae from benthic nests, are transported in the southern ACC, missing South Georgia but following trajectories along the southern Scotia Ridge instead. These results suggest that the timing of release and position of early life stages in the water column substantially influence the direction and extent of connectivity. Used in complement, the two techniques promise an innovative approach for generating and testing predictions to resolve early dispersal and connectivity of populations related to the physical circulation of oceanic systems.
C1 [Ashford, Julian] Old Dominion Univ, Ctr Quantitat Fisheries Ecol, Norfolk, VA 23508 USA.
[La Mesa, Mario] CNR, ISMAR, Sez Ancona, I-60125 Ancona, Italy.
[Fach, Bettina A.] Middle E Tech Univ, Inst Marine Sci, TR-33731 Erdemli, Turkey.
[Jones, Christopher] NOAA, Antarctic Ecosyst Res Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Everson, Inigo] Anglia Polytech Univ, Environm Sci Res Ctr, Sch Appl Sci, Cambridge CB1 1PT, England.
RP Ashford, J (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, Ctr Quantitat Fisheries Ecol, 800 W 46th St, Norfolk, VA 23508 USA.
EM jashford@odu.edu
RI CNR, Ismar/P-1247-2014; Fach, Bettina/B-6003-2016
OI CNR, Ismar/0000-0001-5351-1486; Fach, Bettina/0000-0003-4688-1918
FU US National Science Foundation [NSF-OPP-0338294]; NOAA; Italian
Programma Nazionale in Antartide and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche;
German National Science Foundation [FA-475/1-2]
FX We thank the crew of the R/V Yuzhmorgeologiya and personnel from the
NOAA Antarctic Marine Living Resources Program, who organized and
implemented the Peninsula survey, and Tony North and the crew of the F/V
Argos Galicia, who collected the samples from South Georgia. The Woods
Hole Oceanographic Institution kindly allowed us to use their Plasma
Mass Spectrometry Facility, and Scot Bird-whistell provided crucial
technical support. At Old Dominion University, Eileen Hofmann, John
Klinck, and Cynthia Jones were instrumental in their advice and
encouragement. We acknowledge the Associate Editor and two reviewers for
many helpful comments that substantially improved the manuscript.
Funding was through the US National Science Foundation (NSF-OPP-0338294)
and the NOAA Antarctic Marine Living Resources Program, the Italian
Programma Nazionale in Antartide and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche,
and the German National Science Foundation (FA-475/1-2). The computer
facilities and resources for the particle simulations were provided by
the Institute of Marine Sciences at the Middle East Technical
University.
NR 75
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 12
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 67
IS 8
BP 1303
EP 1315
DI 10.1139/F10-065
PG 13
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 642JL
UT WOS:000281208400009
ER
PT J
AU Spence, BC
Hall, JD
AF Spence, Brian C.
Hall, James D.
TI Spatiotemporal patterns in migration timing of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus
kisutch) smolts in North America
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID DE-FUCA STRAIT; EARLY MARINE SURVIVAL; ATLANTIC SALMON; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; PACIFIC SALMON; CHUM SALMON;
PELAGIC ENVIRONMENT; SEAWARD MIGRATION
AB The timing of ocean entry by salmon smolts is presumed adaptive to maximize survival during this critical life transition. We analyzed the peak timing, duration, and interannual variation in timing of smolt migrations for 53 coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) populations from central California to Kodiak Island, Alaska. The objective was to examine potential influences of both local watershed characteristics and larger-scale processes in the marine environment on smolt migration patterns. Multivariate analyses demonstrated a strong latitudinal gradient in migration patterns with trends toward later, shorter, and more predictable migrations with increasing latitude. Cluster analysis performed on migration descriptors indicated three major population groupings that coincide with major coastal oceanic regions in the northeast Pacific: a northern group from Kodiak Island to the Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, a central group from the Queen Charlotte Islands south to the Columbia River, and a southern group from the Columbia River southward. These regional patterns transcended local variability associated with watershed characteristics and trap location, suggesting that the patterns reflect adaptation to differences in timing and relative predictability of favorable conditions in the marine environments that smolts enter.
C1 [Spence, Brian C.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Ecol Div, Santa Cruz, CA 95062 USA.
[Hall, James D.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Spence, BC (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fisheries Ecol Div, 110 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95062 USA.
EM Brian.Spence@noaa.gov
FU Oregon State University; US Environmental Protection Agency
Environmental Research Laboratory in Corvallis (ERL-C)
FX We thank the following people who generously provided us with data or
directed us to data sources used in this study: L. Shaul, J. Carlon, and
G. Todd (Alaska Department of Fish and Game), S. Taylor and K Koski
(National Marine Fisheries Service), B. Holtby and T. Perry (Fisheries
and Oceans Canada), J. Mason, P. Hanratty, D. Seiler, and C. Baranski
(Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife), J. Rodgers and A. McGie
(Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife), W. Jones and S. Harris
(California Department of Fish and Game), G. Fandrei (Cook Inlet
Aquaculture Association), and D. Crone (Northern Southeast Regional
Aquaculture Association). Portions of this research were funded through
a cooperative agreement between Oregon State University and the US
Environmental Protection Agency Environmental Research Laboratory in
Corvallis (ERL-C). We gratefully acknowledge the individuals affiliated
with ERL-C who assisted with statistical analysis, programming, and GIS
support, including H. Lee, T. Vandetta, G. Baumgardner, J. Kern, and A.
Herstrom. We also thank D. Rundio (National Marine Fisheries Service),
T. Quinn (University of Washington), and an anonymous reviewer whose
constructive comments greatly improved the manuscript.
NR 81
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 22
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
EI 1205-7533
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 67
IS 8
BP 1316
EP 1334
DI 10.1139/F10-060
PG 19
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 642JL
UT WOS:000281208400010
ER
PT J
AU Hurst, KE
Van Der Geest, A
Lusk, M
Mansfield, E
Lehman, JH
AF Hurst, Katherine E.
Van Der Geest, Abram
Lusk, Mark
Mansfield, Elisabeth
Lehman, John H.
TI Quartz-crystal microbalance for in situ monitoring of laser cleaning of
carbon nanotubes
SO CARBON
LA English
DT Article
ID SINGLE; PURIFICATION
AB Photochemical changes of single-walled carbon nanotubes, graphite and amorphous carbon have been investigated with a quartz-crystal microbalance (QCM). The method of in situ measurements reduces our uncertainty that is attributable to environmental variables, such as relative humidity and temperature. At 248 nm, near the resonance of the pi-plasmon we expect the interaction of laser light and carbon nanotube material to exhibit relatively high absorptivity. We discuss the importance of the single-walled carbon nanotube surface plasmon in the reduction of carbon impurities. The QCM is a means to quantify laser damage with respect to irradiance, pulse width and exposure time. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Hurst, Katherine E.; Van Der Geest, Abram; Mansfield, Elisabeth; Lehman, John H.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Van Der Geest, Abram; Lusk, Mark] Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Lehman, JH (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM lehman@boulder.nist.gov
RI Mansfield, Elisabeth/C-5258-2012
OI Mansfield, Elisabeth/0000-0003-2463-0966
NR 15
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 4
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0008-6223
J9 CARBON
JI Carbon
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 48
IS 9
BP 2521
EP 2525
DI 10.1016/j.carbon.2010.03.028
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 608LK
UT WOS:000278585400018
ER
PT J
AU Lee, JY
Wang, B
Kang, IS
Shukla, J
Kumar, A
Kug, JS
Schemm, JKE
Luo, JJ
Yamagata, T
Fu, X
Alves, O
Stern, B
Rosati, T
Park, CK
AF Lee, June-Yi
Wang, Bin
Kang, I. -S.
Shukla, J.
Kumar, A.
Kug, J. -S.
Schemm, J. K. E.
Luo, J. -J.
Yamagata, T.
Fu, X.
Alves, O.
Stern, B.
Rosati, T.
Park, C. -K.
TI How are seasonal prediction skills related to models' performance on
mean state and annual cycle?
SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Coupled atmosphere-ocean model; Multi-model ensemble; Precipitation;
Mean states; 1-Month lead seasonal prediction; Annual mean; Annual
cycle; Monsoon rain domain; Asian-Australian monsoon; ENSO
ID ASIAN SUMMER MONSOON; GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; ATMOSPHERE-OCEAN MODEL;
COUPLED CLIMATE MODELS; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; INTRASEASONAL
OSCILLATIONS; TROPICAL RAINFALL; FORECAST SYSTEM; BASIC STATE;
PREDICTABILITY
AB Given observed initial conditions, how well do coupled atmosphere-ocean models predict precipitation climatology with 1-month lead forecast? And how do the models' biases in climatology in turn affect prediction of seasonal anomalies? We address these questions based on analysis of 1-month lead retrospective predictions for 21 years of 1981-2001 made by 13 state-of-the-art coupled climate models and their multi-model ensemble (MME). The evaluation of the precipitation climatology is based on a newly designed metrics that consists of the annual mean, the solstitial mode and equinoctial asymmetric mode of the annual cycle, and the rainy season characteristics. We find that the 1-month lead seasonal prediction made by the 13-model ensemble has skills that are much higher than those in individual model ensemble predictions and approached to those in the ERA-40 and NCEP-2 reanalysis in terms of both the precipitation climatology and seasonal anomalies. We also demonstrate that the skill for individual coupled models in predicting seasonal precipitation anomalies is positively correlated with its performances on prediction of the annual mean and annual cycle of precipitation. In addition, the seasonal prediction skill for the tropical SST anomalies, which are the major predictability source of monsoon precipitation in the current coupled models, is closely link to the models' ability in simulating the SST mean state. Correction of the inherent bias in the mean state is critical for improving the long-lead seasonal prediction. Most individual coupled models reproduce realistically the long-term annual mean precipitation and the first annual cycle (solstitial mode), but they have difficulty in capturing the second annual (equinoctial asymmetric) mode faithfully, especially over the Indian Ocean (IO) and Western North Pacific (WNP) where the seasonal cycle in SST has significant biases. The coupled models replicate the monsoon rain domains very well except in the East Asian subtropical monsoon and the tropical WNP summer monsoon regions. The models also capture the gross features of the seasonal march of the rainy season including onset and withdraw of the Asian-Australian monsoon system over four major sub-domains, but striking deficiencies in the coupled model predictions are observed over the South China Sea and WNP region, where considerable biases exist in both the amplitude and phase of the annual cycle and the summer precipitation amount and its interannual variability are underestimated.
C1 [Lee, June-Yi; Wang, Bin; Fu, X.] Univ Hawaii, Int Pacific Res Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Kang, I. -S.] Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Seoul, South Korea.
[Shukla, J.] George Mason Univ, Arlington, VA USA.
[Kumar, A.; Schemm, J. K. E.] NCEP NOAA Climate Predict Ctr, Washington, DC USA.
[Kug, J. -S.] Korea Ocean Res & Dev Inst, Ansan, South Korea.
[Luo, J. -J.; Yamagata, T.] FRCGC JAMSTEC, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
[Alves, O.] Bur Meteorol Res Ctr, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.
[Stern, B.; Rosati, T.] Princeton Univ, NOAA GFDL, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Park, C. -K.] Korean Meteorol Adm, Seoul, South Korea.
RP Lee, JY (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Int Pacific Res Ctr, POST Bldg,Room 403B,1680 E-W Rd, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
EM jylee@soest.hawaii.edu
RI Lee, June-Yi/D-5752-2012; KUG, JONG-SEONG/A-8053-2013; 안,
민섭/D-9972-2015; Yamagata, Toshio/A-1807-2009; Luo, Jing-Jia/B-2481-2008
OI Luo, Jing-Jia/0000-0003-2181-0638
FU APEC Climate Center (APCC); Korean meteorological Administration
Research and Development [CATER 2009-1146]; IPRC; JAMSTEC; NOAA
[NNX07AG53G, NA09OAR4320075]
FX This research was supported by APEC Climate Center (APCC) as a part of
APCC International research project and the Korean meteorological
Administration Research and Development Program under Grant CATER
2009-1146. Lee and Wang acknowledge support from IPRC, which is in part
supported by JAMSTEC, NOAA (grant No. NNX07AG53G), and NOAA (grant No.
NA09OAR4320075). This is the IPRC publication 703 and SOEST publication
7947.
NR 57
TC 75
Z9 76
U1 0
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0930-7575
EI 1432-0894
J9 CLIM DYNAM
JI Clim. Dyn.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 35
IS 2-3
BP 267
EP 283
DI 10.1007/s00382-010-0857-4
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 629YQ
UT WOS:000280237900001
ER
PT J
AU Lengaigne, M
Vecchi, GA
AF Lengaigne, Matthieu
Vecchi, Gabriel A.
TI Contrasting the termination of moderate and extreme El Nio events in
coupled general circulation models
SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO); Extreme events; IPCC-AR4 climate
models; Coupled ocean-atmosphere mechanisms; Validation
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; EASTERN EQUATORIAL PACIFIC; WESTERLY WIND
EVENTS; THERMOCLINE DEPTH; TROPICAL PACIFIC; SEASONAL CYCLE; NINO
EVENTS; LA-NINA; ANOMALIES; ENSO
AB As in the observed record, the termination of El Nio in the coupled IPCC-AR4 climate models involves meridional processes tied to the seasonal cycle. These meridional processes both precondition the termination of El Nio events in general and lead to a peculiar termination of extreme El Nio events (such as those of 1982-83 and 1997-98), in which the eastern equatorial Pacific warm sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) persist well into boreal spring/early-summer. The mechanisms controlling the peculiar termination of extreme El Nio events, which involves to the development of an equatorially centred intertropical convergence zone, are consistent across the four models that exhibit extreme El Nios and observational record, suggesting that this peculiar termination represents a general feature of extreme El Nios. Further, due to their unusual termination, extreme El Nios exhibit an apparent eastward propagation of their SSTA, which can strongly influence estimates of the apparent propagation of ENSO over multi-decadal periods. Interpreting these propagation changes as evidence of changes in the underlying dynamical feedbacks behind El Nio could therefore be misleading, given the strong influence of a single extreme event.
C1 [Lengaigne, Matthieu] Inst Rech Dev, Lab Oceanog & Climatol, F-75252 Paris 05, France.
[Vecchi, Gabriel A.] NOAA Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
RP Lengaigne, M (reprint author), Inst Rech Dev, Lab Oceanog & Climatol, Couloir 45-55,4eme Etage,Case 100,4 Pl Jussieu, F-75252 Paris 05, France.
EM lengaign@lodyc.jussieu.fr
RI Vecchi, Gabriel/A-2413-2008; Lengaigne, Matthieu/K-4345-2013; Lengaigne,
Matthieu/M-8321-2014
OI Vecchi, Gabriel/0000-0002-5085-224X; Lengaigne,
Matthieu/0000-0002-0044-036X
NR 34
TC 35
Z9 36
U1 0
U2 7
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0930-7575
EI 1432-0894
J9 CLIM DYNAM
JI Clim. Dyn.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 35
IS 2-3
BP 299
EP 313
DI 10.1007/s00382-009-0562-3
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 629YQ
UT WOS:000280237900003
ER
PT J
AU Van Houtan, KS
Bass, OL
Lockwood, J
Pimm, SL
AF Van Houtan, Kyle S.
Bass, Oron L., Jr.
Lockwood, Julie
Pimm, Stuart L.
TI Importance of estimating dispersal for endangered bird management
SO CONSERVATION LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Endangered species; long-distance dispersal; habitat fragmentation;
translocation; Everglades National Park
ID SABLE SEASIDE-SPARROW; LANDSCAPES; EVERGLADES; DYNAMICS; PATTERNS;
SUCCESS
AB Endangered species recovery plans are frustrated by small, spatially structured populations where understanding the influence of birth, death, and dispersal is difficult. Here we use a spatially explicit, long-term study to describe dispersal in the Cape Sable seaside sparrow (Ammodramus maritimus mirabilis). Since 1990, this species declined > 50%. It occurs as several geographically isolated subpopulations in the Florida Everglades. We characterize dispersal, recognizing that our sampling, as well as the species' distribution, is spatially heterogeneous. The annual movements of juveniles and adults are statistically heavy-tailed. That is, while most individuals are recaptured locally, a significant portion exhibit long-distance dispersal. Individuals move between subpopulations to distances > 30 km. Not accounting for the spatial heterogeneity of sampling or the species range itself underestimates dispersal and can lead to ineffective management decisions. Recovery focused on translocation will be less successful than strategies that protect habitat and increase breeding.
C1 NOAA Fisheries, Marine Turtle Assessment Program, Pacific Islands Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Van Houtan, Kyle S.] Emory Univ, Program Sci & Soc, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
[Van Houtan, Kyle S.; Pimm, Stuart L.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm & Earth Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Bass, Oron L., Jr.] S Florida Nat Resources Ctr, Homestead, FL 33030 USA.
[Lockwood, Julie] Rutgers State Univ, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
RP Van Houtan, KS (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, Marine Turtle Assessment Program, Pacific Islands Fisheries Sci Ctr, 2570 Dole St, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
EM kyle.vanhoutan@gmail.com
OI Van Houtan, Kyle/0000-0001-5725-1773
NR 28
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 19
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1755-263X
J9 CONSERV LETT
JI Conserv. Lett.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 3
IS 4
BP 260
EP 266
DI 10.1111/j.1755-263X.2010.00108.x
PG 7
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA 635BL
UT WOS:000280630500007
ER
PT J
AU Lin, MH
Bradley, PE
Huber, ML
Lewis, R
Radebaugh, R
Lee, YC
AF Lin, M. -H.
Bradley, P. E.
Huber, Marcia L.
Lewis, R.
Radebaugh, R.
Lee, Y. C.
TI Mixed refrigerants for a glass capillary micro cryogenic cooler
SO CRYOGENICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Mixed refrigerant; Joule-Thomson micro cryogenic cooler
ID MICROMINIATURE REFRIGERATION
AB Optimized mixed refrigerants are applied in Joule-Thomson (JT) micro cryogenic coolers (MCC) to enhance efficiency. Mixed refrigerants deliver equivalent refrigeration power with much lower pressure ratio and flow rate compared to pure nitrogen refrigerant. To determine the behavior of mixtures in MCCs, the normal boiling points of the components, mixture solubility, and refrigeration loss due to pressure drop on the low-pressure side of the heat exchanger are evaluated. The MCC discussed here was designed to operate at 77 K with the heat exchanger warm end precooled to 240 K by a thermo-electric cooler. An optimized five-component mixed refrigerant was calculated to provide a minimum isothermal enthalpy difference of 1.35 kJ/mol between 77K and 240 K with a high pressure of 1.6 MPa and a low pressure of 0.1 MPa. Experimentally, a stable temperature of 140 K was achieved with a flow rate of 11 mu mol/s. A transient temperature of 76 K was observed. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lin, M. -H.; Lewis, R.; Lee, Y. C.] Univ Colorado, DARPA Ctr Integrated Micro Nanoelectromech Transd, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Bradley, P. E.; Huber, Marcia L.; Radebaugh, R.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Lin, MH (reprint author), Univ Colorado, DARPA Ctr Integrated Micro Nanoelectromech Transd, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM muhong@colorado.edu
FU DRAPA [NBCHC060052]
FX The study is supported by DRAPA Micro Cryogenic Cooler program
(NBCHC060052). The authors would like to express their appreciation to
Dr. Chia C. Wang for her valuable discussion about experimental mixture
behavior in cryogenic temperature, to Dr. J.C. Booth at NIST for his
timely help in calibration of temperature sensors, and to Mr. H.-J. Wu
for his support on assembly.
NR 16
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 1
U2 10
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0011-2275
J9 CRYOGENICS
JI Cryogenics
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 50
IS 8
BP 439
EP 442
DI 10.1016/j.cryogenics.2010.04.004
PG 4
WC Thermodynamics; Physics, Applied
SC Thermodynamics; Physics
GA 642MG
UT WOS:000281217900002
ER
PT J
AU Clarke, ML
Burton, RL
Hill, AN
Litorja, M
Nahm, MH
Hwang, J
AF Clarke, Matthew L.
Burton, Robert L.
Hill, A. Nayo
Litorja, Maritoni
Nahm, Moon H.
Hwang, Jeeseong
TI Low-Cost, High-Throughput, Automated Counting of Bacterial Colonies
SO CYTOMETRY PART A
LA English
DT Article
DE colony counting; pneumoniae; bacteria; vaccine; software; imaging; MOPA
ID MAMMALIAN-CELL COLONIES; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; OPSONOPHAGOCYTIC
ASSAY; FORMING-UNITS; PETRI DISHES; ANTIBODIES; ENUMERATION; CHILDREN;
STRAINS; SERUM
AB Research involving bacterial pathogens often requires enumeration of bacteria colonies. Here, we present a low-cost, high-throughput colony counting system consisting of colony counting software and a consumer-grade digital camera or document scanner. We demonstrate that this software, called "NICE" (NIST's Integrated Colony Enumerator), can count bacterial colonies as part of a high-throughput multiplexed opsonophagocytic killing assay used to characterize pneumococcal vaccine efficacy. The results obtained with NICE correlate well with the results obtained from manual counting, with a mean difference of less than 3%. NICE is also rapid; it can count colonies from multiple reaction wells within minutes and export the results to a spreadsheet for data processing. As this program is freely available from NIST, NICE should be helpful in bacteria colony enumeration required in many microbiological studies, and in standardizing colony counting methods. Published 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.(dagger)
C1 [Clarke, Matthew L.; Hill, A. Nayo; Litorja, Maritoni; Hwang, Jeeseong] NIST, Opt Technol Div, Phys Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Burton, Robert L.; Nahm, Moon H.] Univ Alabama, Dept Pathol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA.
[Burton, Robert L.; Nahm, Moon H.] Univ Alabama, Dept Microbiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA.
RP Hwang, J (reprint author), NIST, Opt Technol Div, Phys Lab, 100 Bur Dr,Mailstop 8443, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jch@nist.gov
OI Nahm, Moon/0000-0002-6922-1042
FU PATH; NIH [N01 AI-30021]
FX Grant sponsor: PATH and NIH; Grant number: N01 AI-30021.
NR 35
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 2
U2 16
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1552-4922
J9 CYTOM PART A
JI Cytom. Part A
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 77A
IS 8
BP 790
EP 797
DI 10.1002/cyto.a.20864
PG 8
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
GA 632NX
UT WOS:000280432500012
PM 20140968
ER
PT J
AU Walter, M
Mertens, C
Stober, U
German, CR
Yoerger, DR
Sultenfuss, J
Rhein, M
Melchert, B
Baker, ET
AF Walter, Maren
Mertens, Christian
Stoeber, Uwe
German, Christopher R.
Yoerger, Dana R.
Sueltenfuss, Juergen
Rhein, Monika
Melchert, Bernd
Baker, Edward T.
TI Rapid dispersal of a hydrothermal plume by turbulent mixing
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART I-OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH PAPERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Physical oceanography; Hydrothermal vents; Diapycnal mixing; Plume
dispersal; Mid-Atlantic ridge; Rift valleys
ID MID-ATLANTIC RIDGE; INTERNAL GRAVITY-WAVES; NUMERICAL EXPERIMENTS;
TOPOGRAPHIC CONTROL; MIDOCEAN RIDGE; SOUTH ATLANTIC; THORPE SCALES;
CROSS-FLOW; TEMPERATURE; DENSITY
AB The water column imprint of the hydrothermal plume observed at the Nibelungen field (8 18'S 13 degrees 30'W) is highly variable in space and time. The off-axis location of the site, along the southern boundary of a non-transform ridge offset at the joint between two segments of the southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge, is characterized by complex, rugged topography, and thus favorable for the generation of internal tides, subsequent internal wave breaking, and associated vertical mixing in the water column. We have used towed transects and vertical profiles of stratification, turbidity, and direct current measurements to investigate the strength of turbulent mixing in the vicinity of the vent site and the adjacent rift valley, and its temporal and spatial variability in relation to the plume dispersal. Turbulent diffusivities K(rho) were calculated from temperature inversions via Thorpe scales. Heightened mixing (compared to open ocean values) was observed in the whole rift valley within an order of K(rho) around 10(-3) m(2) s(-1). The mixing close to the vent site was even more elevated, with an average of K(rho) = 4 x 10(-2) m(2) s(-1). The mixing, as well as the flow field, exhibited a strong tidal cycle, with strong currents and mixing at the non-buoyant plume level during ebb flow. Periods of strong mixing were associated with increased internal wave activity and frequent occurrence of turbulent overturns. Additional effects of mixing on plume dispersal include bifurcation of the particle plume, likely as a result of the interplay between the modulated mixing strength and current speed, as well as high frequency internal waves in the effluent plume layer, possibly triggered by the buoyant plume via nonlinear interaction with the elevated background turbulence or penetrative convection. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Walter, Maren; Mertens, Christian; Stoeber, Uwe; Sueltenfuss, Juergen; Rhein, Monika] Univ Bremen, Inst Umweltphys, D-28334 Bremen, Germany.
[German, Christopher R.; Yoerger, Dana R.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Melchert, Bernd] Leibniz Inst Marine Sci IfM GEOMAR, D-24148 Kiel, Germany.
[Baker, Edward T.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Walter, M (reprint author), Univ Bremen, Inst Umweltphys, PB 330440, D-28334 Bremen, Germany.
EM mwalter@physik.uni.bremen.de
RI Rhein, Monika/P-1969-2016
OI Rhein, Monika/0000-0003-1496-2828
FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [SPP1144]; NOAA [OE-2006-218]
FX We thank the officers and crews and fellow scientists of the Meteor
during the cruises M62/5 and M68/1, and Alan Duester and Andrew Billings
from the ABE team. Frank Zielinski took care of the MAPR during M62/5.
Constructive comments and criticism from three anonymous reviewers
helped to improve the manuscript. This work was supported by the
Priority Program SPP1144 of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; this is
SPP 1144 contribution number 51. Funding for the ABE team from WHOI was
provided by Grant # OE-2006-218 from NOAA's Ocean Exploration Program;
funding for the MAPR work was provided by NOAA's Vents Program.
NR 54
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 13
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0637
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT I
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part I-Oceanogr. Res. Pap.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 57
IS 8
BP 931
EP 945
DI 10.1016/j.dsr.2010.04.010
PG 15
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 630IW
UT WOS:000280267600001
ER
PT J
AU Lyle, JR
AF Lyle, James R.
TI If error rate is such a simple concept, why don't I have one for my
forensic tool yet?
SO DIGITAL INVESTIGATION
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 10th Annual DFRWS Conference
CY AUG 02-04, 2010
CL Portland, OR
AB The Daubert decision motivates attempts to establish error rates for digital forensic tools. Many scientific procedures have been devised that can answer simple questions. For example, does a soil sample contain component X? A procedure can be followed that gives an answer with known rates of error. Usually the error rate of a process that tries to detect something is associated with a random component of some measurement. Typically there are two types of error, type I, also called a false positive (detecting it when it is not really there), and type II, also called a false negative (missing it when it really is there). At first thought, an error rate for a forensic acquisition tool or a write blocking tool is a simple concept. An obvious possibility for the error rate of an acquisition is k/n, where n is the total number of bits acquired and k is the number of incorrectly acquired bits. However, the kinds of errors in the soil test and in digital acquisition are fundamentally different. The errors in the soil test can be modeled with a random distribution that can be treated statistically, but the errors that occur in a digital acquisition are systematic and triggered by specific conditions. The purpose of this paper is not to define any error rates for forensic tools, but identification of some of the basic issues to stimulate discussion and further work on the topic. (C) 2010 Digital Forensic Research Workshop. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Lyle, JR (reprint author), NIST, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8970, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jlyle@nist.gov
NR 3
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1742-2876
J9 DIGIT INVEST
JI Digit. Investig.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 7
SU 1
BP S135
EP S139
DI 10.1016/j.diin.2010.05.017
PG 5
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science,
Interdisciplinary Applications
SC Computer Science
GA 639XP
UT WOS:000281010700017
ER
PT J
AU Dizdaroglu, M
AF Dizdaroglu, Miral
TI Oxidative DNA Damage, DNA Repair Enzyme NEIL1, Polymorphisms and Cancer
SO DRUG METABOLISM REVIEWS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 9th International Meeting of the
International-Society-for-the-Study-of-Xenobiotics(ISSX)
CY SEP 04-08, 2010
CL Istanbul, TURKEY
SP Int Soc Study Xenobiot
C1 [Dizdaroglu, Miral] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0360-2532
J9 DRUG METAB REV
JI Drug Metab. Rev.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 42
SU 1
BP 22
EP 22
PG 1
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 641RP
UT WOS:000281147700041
ER
PT J
AU Turko, IV
Liao, WL
Heo, GY
Reem, RE
Dodder, NG
DiPatre, PL
Pikuleva, IA
AF Turko, Illarion V.
Liao, Wei-Li
Heo, Gun-Young
Reem, Rachel E.
Dodder, Nathan G.
DiPatre, Pier Luigi
Pikuleva, Irina A.
TI Absolute Quantification of CYP27A1 and CYP46A1 in the Human Brain and
Retina
SO DRUG METABOLISM REVIEWS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 9th International Meeting of the
International-Society-for-the-Study-of-Xenobiotics(ISSX)
CY SEP 04-08, 2010
CL Istanbul, TURKEY
SP Int Soc Study Xenobiot
C1 [Turko, Illarion V.; Liao, Wei-Li] Ctr Adv Res Biotechnol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.
[Heo, Gun-Young; Reem, Rachel E.; Pikuleva, Irina A.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
[Dodder, Nathan G.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[DiPatre, Pier Luigi] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Pathol, Galveston, TX USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0360-2532
J9 DRUG METAB REV
JI Drug Metab. Rev.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 42
SU 1
BP 71
EP 71
PG 1
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 641RP
UT WOS:000281147700127
ER
PT J
AU Lee, T
Awaji, T
Balmaseda, M
Ferry, N
Fujii, Y
Fukumori, I
Giese, B
Heimbach, P
Kohl, A
Masina, S
Remy, E
Rosati, A
Schodlok, M
Stammer, D
Weaver, A
AF Lee, Tong
Awaji, Toshiyuki
Balmaseda, Magdalena
Ferry, Nicolas
Fujii, Yosuke
Fukumori, Ichiro
Giese, Benjamin
Heimbach, Patrick
Koehl, Armin
Masina, Simona
Remy, Elisabeth
Rosati, Anthony
Schodlok, Michael
Stammer, Detlef
Weaver, Anthony
TI Consistency and fidelity of Indonesian-throughflow total volume
transport estimated by 14 ocean data assimilation products
SO DYNAMICS OF ATMOSPHERES AND OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
DE Indonesian throughflow; Ocean data assimilation
ID GLOBAL OCEAN; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; CIRCULATION MODEL; CLIMATE
SYSTEM; NORTH-ATLANTIC; PACIFIC; TEMPERATURE; GCM
AB Monthly averaged total volume transport of the Indonesian throughflow (ITF) estimated by 14 global ocean data assimilation (ODA) products that are decade to multi-decade long are compared among themselves and with observations from the INSTANT Program (2004-2006). The main goals of the comparisons are to examine the consistency and evaluate the skill of different ODA products in simulating ITF transport. The ensemble averaged, time-mean value of ODA estimates is 13.6 Sv (1 Sv = 10(6) m(3)/s) for the common 1993-2001 period and 13.9 Sv for the 2004-2006 INSTANT Program period. These values are close to the 15-Sv estimate derived from INSTANT observations. All hut one ODA time-mean estimate fall within the range of uncertainty of the INSTANT estimate. In terms of temporal variability, the scatter among different ODA estimates averaged over time is 1.7 Sv, which is substantially smaller than the magnitude of the temporal variability simulated by the ODA systems. Therefore, the overall "signal-to-noise" ratio for the ensemble estimates is larger than one. The best consistency among the products occurs on seasonal-to-interannual time scales, with generally stronger (weaker) ITF during boreal summer (winter) and during La Nina (El Nino) events. The scatter among different products for seasonal-to-interannual time scales is approximately 1 Sv. Despite the good consistency, systematic difference is found between most ODA products and the INSTANT observations. All but the highest-resolution (18 km) ODA product show a dominant annual cycle while the INSTANT estimate and the 18-km product exhibit a strong semi-annual signal. The coarse resolution is an important factor that limits the level of agreement between ODA and INSTANT estimates. Decadal signals with periods of 10-15 years are seen. The most conspicuous and consistent decadal change is a relatively sharp increase in ITF transport during 1993-2000 associated with the strengthening tropical Pacific trade wind. Most products do not show a weakening ITF after the mid-1970s' associated with the weakened Pacific trade wind. The scatter of ODA estimates is smaller after than before 1980, reflecting the impact of the enhanced observations after the 1980s. To assess the representativeness of using the average over a three-year period (e.g., the span of the INSTANT Program) to describe longer-term mean, we investigate the temporal variations of the three-year low-pass ODA estimates. The average variation is about 3.6 Sv, which is largely due to the increase of ITF transport from 1993 to 2000. However, the three-year average during the 2004-2006 INSTANT Program period is within 0.5 Sv of the long-term mean for the past few decades. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lee, Tong; Fukumori, Ichiro; Schodlok, Michael] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Awaji, Toshiyuki] Kyoto Univ, Kyoto, Japan.
[Balmaseda, Magdalena] European Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecast, Reading, Berks, England.
[Ferry, Nicolas; Remy, Elisabeth] Mercator Ocean, Toulouse, France.
[Fujii, Yosuke] Japan Meteorol Agcy, Meteorol Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
[Giese, Benjamin] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA.
[Heimbach, Patrick] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Koehl, Armin; Stammer, Detlef] Univ Hamburg, Inst Meereskunde, Hamburg, Germany.
[Masina, Simona] Ctr Euro Mediterraneo & Cambiamenti Climat, Bologna, Italy.
[Masina, Simona] Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, Bologna, Italy.
[Rosati, Anthony] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Weaver, Anthony] Ctr Europeen Rech & Format Avancee Calcul Sci, Toulouse, France.
RP Lee, T (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM Tong.Lee@jpl.nasa.gov
RI Masina, Simona/B-4974-2012; Heimbach, Patrick/K-3530-2013; Kohl,
Armin/I-9378-2014
OI Heimbach, Patrick/0000-0003-3925-6161; Kohl, Armin/0000-0002-9777-674X
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
FX We would like to thank Dr. Janet Sprintall for providing the monthly
values of total ITF transport estimate derived from INSTANT
observations. The contributions of ITF transport estimates from
assimilation groups listed in Table 1 are appreciated. We would also
like to acknowledge Drs. Peter Hacker, Jim Potemra, and Ms. Sharon
DeCarlo of the Asian-Pacific Data-Research Center, University of Hawaii
for assisting the CLIVAR/GODAE Global Ocean Reanalysis Evaluation effort
by providing a data repository and managing the files contributed by
various ocean data assimilation groups. The research described in this
paper was in part carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory,
California institute of Technology, under a contract with the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).
NR 55
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 10
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0265
J9 DYNAM ATMOS OCEANS
JI Dyn. Atmos. Oceans
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 50
IS 2
SI SI
BP 201
EP 223
DI 10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2009.12.004
PG 23
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
Oceanography
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
Oceanography
GA 628AO
UT WOS:000280086600007
ER
PT J
AU Tipping, PW
Martin, MR
Bauer, L
Pokorny, E
Center, TD
AF Tipping, Philip W.
Martin, Melissar R.
Bauer, Laurie
Pokorny, Eileen
Center, Ted D.
TI Asymmetric impacts of two herbivore ecotypes on similar host plants
SO ECOLOGICAL ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Cyrtobagous salviniae; ecotype; local adaptation; Salvinia minima;
Salvinia molesta
ID FLOATING WEED SALVINIA; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY;
CYRTOBAGOUS-SALVINIAE; HUSTACHE COLEOPTERA; RAPID EVOLUTION; MOLESTA;
SIZE; ECOSYSTEMS; CURCULIONIDAE
AB 1. Ecotypes may arise following allopatric separation from source populations. The simultaneous transfer of an exotic plant to a novel environment, along with its stenophagous herbivore, may complicate more traditional patterns of divergence from the plant and insect source populations.
2. The present study evaluated herbivory effects by two Cyrtobagous salviniae ecotypes on two species of Salvinia: the larger S. molesta and the smaller S. minima. Evaluations were based on relative growth rates, biomass production, coverage, and nutrient cycling in a series of complementary and comparative laboratory and outdoor tank experiments.
3. In general, the experiment results indicated that the smaller Florida ecotype of C. salviniae impacted both Salvinia species more than the larger Brazil ecotype. Herbivory, especially by the Florida ecotype, also improved water quality and accelerated nutrient cycling by increasing the rates of litterfall from the standing crops of salvinia.
4. The smaller size of the Florida ecotype may be adaptive by allowing maximal exploitation of host plants via internal larval feeding, which presumably reduces predation risk while increasing damage to the plant. These findings provide support for relying on the suppressive effects of the Florida ecotype in Florida, rather than introducing the Brazil ecotype to counter new infestations of S. molesta.
C1 [Tipping, Philip W.; Pokorny, Eileen; Center, Ted D.] ARS, USDA, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA.
[Martin, Melissar R.] USA, Corps Engineers, Miami, FL USA.
[Bauer, Laurie] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Ctr Coast Monitoring & Assessment, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Tipping, PW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA.
EM philip.tipping@ars.usda.gov
NR 51
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0307-6946
J9 ECOL ENTOMOL
JI Ecol. Entomol.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 35
IS 4
BP 469
EP 476
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2311.2010.01203.x
PG 8
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 619PA
UT WOS:000279440900008
ER
PT J
AU Lebrato, M
Iglesias-Rodriguez, D
Feely, RA
Greeley, D
Jones, DOB
Suarez-Bosche, N
Lampitt, RS
Cartes, JE
Green, DRH
Alker, B
AF Lebrato, Mario
Iglesias-Rodriguez, Debora
Feely, Richard A.
Greeley, Dana
Jones, Daniel O. B.
Suarez-Bosche, Nadia
Lampitt, Richard S.
Cartes, Joan E.
Green, Darryl R. H.
Alker, Belinda
TI Global contribution of echinoderms to the marine carbon cycle: CaCO3
budget and benthic compartments
SO ECOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS
LA English
DT Article
DE benthic compartments; CaCO3 budget; carbon cycle; carbonate production;
echinoderms; ocean acidification; standing stock
ID AMORPHOUS CALCIUM-CARBONATE; STAR OPHIOTHRIX-FRAGILIS; PORCUPINE
ABYSSAL-PLAIN; ACANTHASTER-PLANCI L; OCEAN ACIDIFICATION;
CONTINENTAL-SLOPE; MASS MORTALITY; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; NORTHEAST
ATLANTIC; INORGANIC CARBON
AB The contribution of carbonate-producing benthic organisms to the global marine carbon budget has been overlooked, the prevailing view being that calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is predominantly produced and exported by marine plankton in the "biological pump.'' Here, we provide the first estimation of the global contribution of echinoderms to the marine inorganic and organic carbon cycle, based on organism-level measurements from species of the five echinoderm classes. Echinoderms' global CaCO3 contribution amounts to similar to 0.861 Pg CaCO3/yr (0.102 Pg C/yr of inorganic carbon) as a production rate, and similar to 2.11 Pg CaCO3 (0.25 Pg C of inorganic carbon) as a standing stock from the shelves, slopes, and abyssal depths. Echinoderm inorganic carbon production (0.102 Pg C/yr) is less than the global pelagic production (0.4-1.8 Pg C/yr) and similar to the estimates for carbonate shelves globally (0.024-0.120 Pg C/yr). Echinoderm CaCO3 production per unit area is similar to 27.01 g CaCO3.m(-2).yr(-1) (3.24 g C.m(-2).yr(-1) as inorganic carbon) on a global scale for all areas, with a standing stock of similar to 63.34 g CaCO3/m(2) (7.60 g C/m(2) as inorganic carbon), and similar to 7.97 g C/m(2) as organic carbon. The shelf production alone is 77.91 g CaCO3.m(-2).yr(-1) (9.35 g C.m(-2).yr(-1) as inorganic carbon) in contrast to 2.05 g CaCO3.m(-2).yr(-1) (0.24 g C.m(-2).yr(-1) as inorganic carbon) for the slope on a global scale. The biogeography of the CaCO3 standing stocks of echinoderms showed strong latitudinal variability. More than 80% of the global CaCO3 production from echinoderms occurs between 0 and 800 m, with the highest contribution attributed to the shelf and upper slope. We provide a global distribution of echinoderm populations in the context of global calcite saturation horizons, since undersaturated waters with respect to mineral phases are surfacing. This shallowing is a direct consequence of ocean acidification, and in some places it may reach the shelf and upper slope permanently, where the highest CaCO3 standing stocks from echinoderms originate. These organism-level data contribute substantially to the assessment of global carbonate inventories, which at present are poorly estimated. Additionally, it is desirable to include these benthic compartments in coupled global biogeochemical models representing the "biological pump'' and its feedbacks, since at present all efforts have focused on pelagic processes, dominated by coccolithophores. The omission of the benthic processes from modeling will only diminish the understanding of elemental fluxes at large scales and any future prediction of climate change scenarios.
C1 [Lebrato, Mario; Iglesias-Rodriguez, Debora; Suarez-Bosche, Nadia] Univ Southampton, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci, Natl Oceanog Ctr, Southampton SO14 3ZH, Hants, England.
[Feely, Richard A.; Greeley, Dana] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Cartes, Joan E.] CSIC, Inst Ciencies Mar Barcelona, E-08003 Barcelona, Spain.
RP Lebrato, M (reprint author), Leibniz Inst Marine Sci, IFM GEOMAR, Dept Marine Biogeochem, Dusternbrooker Weg 20, D-24105 Kiel, Germany.
EM mlebrato@ifm-geomar.de
RI Jones, Daniel/A-3412-2009
OI Jones, Daniel/0000-0001-5218-1649
FU EU
FX We are very grateful to Craig Young at the University of Oregon (NSF
grant OCE-0527139), who provided echinoid samples, and David Billett at
the National Oceanography Centre (University of Southampton) for
providing asteroid and ophiuroid samples. Thanks also to Mariano Lebrato
and Emilia Camblor for helping in the collection of samples in Asturias
(Spain). Crinoid samples were obtained from the project "BIOMARE, ref.
CTM2006-13508-CO2-02/MAR.'' Thanks to Thomas Mosch and Stefan Sommer at
the IFM-GEOMAR for providing an image of ophiuroids in the Peruvian
slope, and to the SERPENT project for allowing the use of ophiuroid
images from Shetland and the Norwegian Sea. Thanks also to Ian Harding
at the National Oceanography Centre (University of Southampton) and
Christopher J. MacLeod at the University of Cardiff for providing images
of echinoderm remains in the sediments and in sediment cores,
respectively. We are also grateful to Laia Beni-Casadella and Miquel
Canals in the GRC-GM (Grup de Recerca Consolidat en Geociencies Marines,
Universitat de Barcelona) and the Hotspot Ecosystem Research on the
Margins of European Seas project (HERMES), for providing images of
echinoderm remains in the deep sea (from the EUROLEON cruise
REN2002-11216E). The comments and suggestions of Ian M. West helped to
write the geological aspects of this paper. This work was funded by the
grant "EU Becas Mineras. Expediente no. 19997 to Mario Lebrato.''
NR 195
TC 43
Z9 44
U1 3
U2 46
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0012-9615
EI 1557-7015
J9 ECOL MONOGR
JI Ecol. Monogr.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 80
IS 3
BP 441
EP 467
DI 10.1890/09-0553.1
PG 27
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 624FF
UT WOS:000279801300005
ER
PT J
AU Buckley, LB
Urban, MC
Angilletta, MJ
Crozier, LG
Rissler, LJ
Sears, MW
AF Buckley, Lauren B.
Urban, Mark C.
Angilletta, Michael J.
Crozier, Lisa G.
Rissler, Leslie J.
Sears, Michael W.
TI Can mechanism inform species' distribution models?
SO ECOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Review
DE Biophysical model; climate change; climate envelope model; demography;
fundamental niche; physiology; realized niche; species' range model
ID LIZARD SCELOPORUS-UNDULATUS; GLOBAL LAND AREAS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; RANGE
SHIFTS; GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTIONS; CHANGING ENVIRONMENTS; BIOTIC
INTERACTIONS; IMPROVE PREDICTION; WIDESPREAD LIZARD; LANDSCAPE SCALE
AB P>Two major approaches address the need to predict species distributions in response to environmental changes. Correlative models estimate parameters phenomenologically by relating current distributions to environmental conditions. By contrast, mechanistic models incorporate explicit relationships between environmental conditions and organismal performance, estimated independently of current distributions. Mechanistic approaches include models that translate environmental conditions into biologically relevant metrics (e.g. potential duration of activity), models that capture environmental sensitivities of survivorship and fecundity, and models that use energetics to link environmental conditions and demography. We compared how two correlative and three mechanistic models predicted the ranges of two species: a skipper butterfly (Atalopedes campestris) and a fence lizard (Sceloporus undulatus). Correlative and mechanistic models performed similarly in predicting current distributions, but mechanistic models predicted larger range shifts in response to climate change. Although mechanistic models theoretically should provide more accurate distribution predictions, there is much potential for improving their flexibility and performance.
C1 [Buckley, Lauren B.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
[Urban, Mark C.] Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
[Angilletta, Michael J.] Indiana State Univ, Dept Biol, Terre Haute, IN 47809 USA.
[Crozier, Lisa G.] NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Rissler, Leslie J.] Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
[Sears, Michael W.] Bryn Mawr Coll, Dept Biol, Bryn Mawr, PA 19010 USA.
RP Buckley, LB (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol, CB 3280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
EM buckley@bio.unc.edu
RI Crozier, Lisa/E-2248-2012;
OI Buckley, Lauren/0000-0003-1315-3818
FU National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis (NCEAS); NSF
[DEB-0553768]; University of California, Santa Barbara; State of
California; National Evolutionary Synthesis Center; National Science
Foundation [EF-0423641]
FX This work was conducted as part of the Species Range Dynamics Working
Group supported by the National Center for Ecological Analysis and
Synthesis (NCEAS), a Center funded by NSF (grant no. DEB-0553768), the
University of California, Santa Barbara, and the State of California,
and the National Evolutionary Synthesis Center, a Center funded by the
National Science Foundation (grant no. EF-0423641). Additional support
was provided to L.B.B and M.C.U. as NCEAS Postdoctoral Associates.
Thanks to L. Ries for providing data from the 4th of July Butterfly
Counts and S. Menke for assistance. Thanks to R. Holt, T. Keitt, J.
Kingsolver, W. Porter, and other working group members for helpful
comments and discussions and to anonymous referees for constructive
comments.
NR 75
TC 220
Z9 221
U1 23
U2 199
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1461-023X
J9 ECOL LETT
JI Ecol. Lett.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 13
IS 8
BP 1041
EP 1054
DI 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01479.x
PG 14
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 625ZC
UT WOS:000279934400011
PM 20482574
ER
PT J
AU Bruno, TJ
Smith, BL
AF Bruno, Thomas J.
Smith, Beverly L.
TI Evaluation of the Physicochemical Authenticity of Aviation Kerosene
Surrogate Mixtures. Part 1: Analysis of Volatility with the Advanced
Distillation Curve
SO ENERGY & FUELS
LA English
DT Article
ID FUEL JET-A; DECREASED PARTICULATE-EMISSIONS; THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION
KINETICS; ROCKET PROPELLANTS RP-1; THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES; DIESEL
FUEL; BIODIESEL FUEL; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; TURBINE FUELS;
N-DODECANE
AB Because of the complexities involved in measuring and modeling the performance and properties of finished fuels, the fuel science community must often use surrogate mixtures as substitutes, especially in the absence of consensus standard mixtures. While surrogate mixtures are often formulated on the basis of the ability of a particular mixture to reproduce a particular property, there is usually a desire to employ surrogate mixtures that are physicochemically authentic. This means that, provided that the primary purpose is satisfied, researchers are inclined to choose mixtures that have physical and chemical properties appropriate to the finished fuel. In this paper, we apply the advanced distillation curve method as a means to evaluate the physicochemical authenticity of surrogate mixtures. While the strategy outlined here can be used for any family of surrogates, we apply it to surrogate mixtures for Jet-A/JP-8. Mixtures were divided into two groups: (1) simple surrogate mixtures with up to three components and (2) complex surrogate mixtures with more than three components. We found that the modified Aachen surrogate (among the simple fluids) and the Schultz surrogate (among the complex fluids) had the best physicochemical authenticity.
C1 [Bruno, Thomas J.; Smith, Beverly L.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Thermophys Properties Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Bruno, TJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Thermophys Properties Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM bruno@boulder.nist.gov
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [MIPR-FIATA09114G004-000-000];
NIST
FX The financial support of the Air Force Office of Scientific Research
(MIPR-FIATA09114G004-000-000) is gratefully acknowledged. We acknowledge
the Air Force Research Laboratory, Propulsion Directorate,
Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, for providing the samples of Jet-A.
B.L.S. acknowledges a Professional Research Experiences Program (PREP)
and Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) at NIST.
NR 82
TC 33
Z9 35
U1 1
U2 21
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0887-0624
J9 ENERG FUEL
JI Energy Fuels
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 24
BP 4266
EP 4276
DI 10.1021/ef100496j
PG 11
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 640DY
UT WOS:000281029700021
ER
PT J
AU Bruno, TJ
Huber, ML
AF Bruno, Thomas J.
Huber, Marcia L.
TI Evaluation of the Physicochemical Authenticity of Aviation Kerosene
Surrogate Mixtures. Part 2: Analysis and Prediction of Thermophysical
Properties
SO ENERGY & FUELS
LA English
DT Article
ID THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; REFRIGERANT MIXTURES;
TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; N-DODECANE; STATE; MODEL; VISCOSITY; FUEL;
EQUATION
AB In part 1 (10.1021/ef100496j) of this series of two papers, we presented an evaluation strategy that can be applied to surrogate mixtures for finished fuels. This strategy uses the advanced distillation curve approach to evaluate the surrogate in terms of physicochemical authenticity or how well the surrogate represents the chemical and physical properties of the finished fuel. While this protocol can be applied to any surrogate family, of particular interest here are surrogates for Jet-A/JP-8. The volatility was studied in detail as described in part 1(10.1021/ef100496j), whereas here, we focus on density, speed of sound, and viscosity. We calculated these properties for the common Jet-A/JP-8 surrogates and Jet-A, with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) REFPROP program (which incorporates equations of state and a transport property model). We then used REFPROP as a surrogate mixture design tool and developed a simple, three-component surrogate mixture (n-dodecane, n-tetradecane, and 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene with mass fractions of 0.31, 0.38, and 0.31, respectively). This mixture was subsequently formulated in the laboratory and measured with the advanced distillation curve approach. We found the agreement with the theory to be excellent (within 1.5 degrees C), and we also found that the ability of such a simple mixture to represent Jet-A/JP-8 was also excellent. Comparisons made to the calculated density, speed of sound, and viscosity were also excellent.
C1 [Bruno, Thomas J.; Huber, Marcia L.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Thermophys Properties Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Bruno, TJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Thermophys Properties Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM bruno@boulder.nist.gov
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [MIPR-FIATA09114G004-000-000]
FX The financial support of the Air Force Office of Scientific Research
(MIPR-FIATA09114G004-000-000) is gratefully acknowledged. We acknowledge
the Air Force Research Laboratory, Propulsion Directorate,
Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, for providing the samples of Jet-A.
NR 37
TC 40
Z9 41
U1 1
U2 16
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0887-0624
J9 ENERG FUEL
JI Energy Fuels
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 24
BP 4277
EP 4284
DI 10.1021/ef1004978
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 640DY
UT WOS:000281029700022
ER
PT J
AU Liu, M
Robey-Bond, S
Galick, H
Dizdaroglu, M
Sweasy, J
Wallace, SS
AF Liu, M.
Robey-Bond, S.
Galick, H.
Dizdaroglu, M.
Sweasy, J.
Wallace, S. S.
TI Processing and Consequences of Oxidative DNA Damage
SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 41st Annual Meeting of Environmental-Mutagen-Society
CT 41st Annual Meeting of Complex Systems in Biology and Risk Assessment
CY OCT 23-27, 2010
CY OCT 23-27, 2010
CL Ft Worth, TX
CL Ft Worth, TX
SP Environ Mutagen Soc
SP Environ Mutagen Soc
C1 [Liu, M.; Robey-Bond, S.; Galick, H.; Sweasy, J.; Wallace, S. S.] Univ Vermont, Burlington, VT USA.
[Dizdaroglu, M.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0893-6692
EI 1098-2280
J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN
JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 51
IS 7
BP 697
EP 697
PG 1
WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
GA 639XE
UT WOS:000281009600051
ER
PT J
AU Ahrenholz, DW
Morris, JA
AF Ahrenholz, Dean W.
Morris, James A., Jr.
TI Larval duration of the lionfish, Pterois volitans along the Bahamian
Archipelago
SO ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES
LA English
DT Article
DE Larval duration; Settlement mark; Daily increments; Invasive species;
Lionfish
ID TROPICAL REEF FISHES; INDO-PACIFIC LIONFISH; SETTLEMENT-MARKS;
VALIDATION; OTOLITHS
AB Larval duration of the non-native Indo-Pacific lionfish was estimated from samples collected along the Bahamian Archipelago using sagittal otoliths. Settlement marks, characterized by daily growth increments with reduced coloration, less definitive margins, and a re-orientation of the growth axes and otolith shape, were determined for 28 individuals. Settlement age was between 20 and 35 days with a mean of 26.2 days. Comparisons of settlement age to other littoral and reef fish species suggest that lionfish settlement age is moderate to relatively low. Lionfish pelagic larval duration is apparently sufficient to allow their rapid establishment and wide geographic range in the western Atlantic and Caribbean.
C1 [Morris, James A., Jr.] NOAA, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Ctr Coastal Fisheries & Habitat Res, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
[Ahrenholz, Dean W.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
RP Morris, JA (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Ctr Coastal Fisheries & Habitat Res, 101 Pivers Isl Rd, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
EM james.morris@noaa.gov
FU Reef Environmental Education Foundation
FX Many individuals aided in the gathering and processing of materials and
in the preparation of this manuscript; but the authors accept sole
responsibility for content. D. Squires sectioned, ground, and polished
otoliths for our analysis. Members of the Reef Environmental Education
Foundation, specifically L. Akins, heavily supported this research
through collection of specimens. We thank the Department of Marine
Resources, The Bahamas for permitting the collection of lionfish in
Bahamian waters. Drafts of this manuscript were improved significantly
by comments by R. Munoz, G. B. Martin, B. Victor, T. Kellison, J. Govoni
and three anonymous reviewers.
NR 27
TC 33
Z9 35
U1 2
U2 56
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0378-1909
J9 ENVIRON BIOL FISH
JI Environ. Biol. Fishes
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 88
IS 4
BP 305
EP 309
DI 10.1007/s10641-010-9647-4
PG 5
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 620LQ
UT WOS:000279501800001
ER
PT J
AU Schwacke, LH
Twiner, MJ
De Guise, S
Balmer, BC
Wells, RS
Townsend, FI
Rotstein, DC
Varela, RA
Hansen, LJ
Zolman, ES
Spradlin, TR
Levin, M
Leibrecht, H
Wang, ZH
Rowles, TK
AF Schwacke, Lori H.
Twiner, Michael J.
De Guise, Sylvain
Balmer, Brian C.
Wells, Randall S.
Townsend, Forrest I.
Rotstein, David C.
Varela, Rene A.
Hansen, Larry J.
Zolman, Eric S.
Spradlin, Trevor R.
Levin, Milton
Leibrecht, Heather
Wang, Zhihong
Rowles, Teresa K.
TI Eosinophilia and biotoxin exposure in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops
truncatus) from a coastal area impacted by repeated mortality events
SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Marine mammal; Biotoxin; Domoic acid; Immunology; Eosinophil
ID LIONS ZALOPHUS-CALIFORNIANUS; BLOOD COLLECTION CARDS; DOMOIC ACID
TOXICITY; INDIAN RIVER LAGOON; SEA LIONS; SOUTH-CAROLINA; RED TIDES;
FLORIDA; HEALTH; BREVETOXINS
AB Bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) inhabiting coastal waters in the northern Gulf of Mexico have been impacted by recurrent unusual mortality events over the past few decades. Several of these mortality events along the Florida panhandle have been tentatively attributed to poisoning from brevetoxin produced by the dinoflagellate Karenia brevis. While dolphins in other regions of the Florida coast are often exposed to K. brevis blooms, large-scale dolphin mortality events are relatively rare and the frequency and magnitude of die-offs along the Panhandle raise concern for the apparent vulnerability of dolphins in this region. We report results from dolphin health assessments conducted near St. Joseph Bay, Florida, an area impacted by 3 unusual die-offs within a 7-year time span. An eosinophilia syndrome, manifested as an elevated blood eosinophil count without obvious cause, was observed in 23% of sampled dolphins. Elevated eosinophil counts were associated with decreased T-lymphocyte proliferation and increased neutrophil phagocytosis. In addition, indication of chronic low-level exposure to another algal toxin, domoic acid produced by the diatom Pseudo-nitzschia spp., was determined. Previous studies of other marine mammal populations exposed recurrently to Pseudo-nitzschia blooms have suggested a possible link between the eosinophilia and domoic acid exposure. While the chronic eosinophilia syndrome could over the long-term produce organ damage and alter immunological status and thereby increase vulnerability to other challenges, the significance of the high prevalence of the syndrome to the observed mortality events in the St. Joseph Bay area is unclear. Nonetheless, the unusual immunological findings and concurrent evidence of domoic acid exposure in this sentinel marine species suggest a need for further investigation to elucidate potential links between chronic, low-level exposure to algal toxins and immune health. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Schwacke, Lori H.] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Ctr Human Hlth Risks, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Twiner, Michael J.; Zolman, Eric S.; Wang, Zhihong] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[De Guise, Sylvain; Levin, Milton; Leibrecht, Heather] Univ Connecticut, Dept Pathobiol & Vet Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
[Balmer, Brian C.; Wells, Randall S.] Chicago Zool Soc, Mote Marine Lab, Sarasota, FL USA.
[Townsend, Forrest I.] Bayside Hosp Anim, Ft Walton Beach, FL 32547 USA.
[Rotstein, David C.; Spradlin, Trevor R.; Rowles, Teresa K.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Off Protected Resources, Marine Mammal Hlth & Stranding Response Program, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Varela, Rene A.] Ocean Embassy Inc, Orlando, FL 32809 USA.
[Hansen, Larry J.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
RP Schwacke, LH (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Ctr Human Hlth Risks, 331 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
EM Lori.Schwacke@noaa.gov
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); Chicago
Zoological Society; University of North Carolina, Wilmington (UNCW)
FX This work was conducted as a partnership of the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Chicago Zoological Society and the
University of North Carolina, Wilmington (UNCW). Funding for the dolphin
health assessment fieldwork was provided by NOAA's Marine Mammal Health
and Stranding Response Program and conducted under Permit No. 932-1489
(as amended) issued by NOAA's National Marine Fisheries Service.
Protocols for the dolphin capture-release and tagging were approved by
the UNCW Internal Animal Care and Use Committee, Permit No. 2004-012.
NR 46
TC 29
Z9 30
U1 4
U2 20
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0013-9351
J9 ENVIRON RES
JI Environ. Res.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 110
IS 6
SI SI
BP 548
EP 555
DI 10.1016/j.envres.2010.05.003
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health
GA 634HN
UT WOS:000280571600003
PM 20537621
ER
PT J
AU Rim, DH
Wallace, L
Persily, A
AF Rim, Donghyun
Wallace, Lance
Persily, Andrew
TI Infiltration of Outdoor Ultrafine Panicles into a Test House
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PARTICLE NUMBER; AIR-POLLUTION; OCCUPIED TOWNHOUSE; DEPOSITION RATES;
INDOOR SOURCES; PENETRATION; EXPOSURE; MODEL; MASS; SIZE
AB Ultrafine particles (UFP) (<100 nm) have been related to adverse human health effects such as oxidative stress and cardiovascular mortality. However, human exposure to particles of outdoor origin is heavily dependent on their infiltration into homes. The infiltration factor (F(inf)) and its variation as a function of several factors becomes of enormous importance in epidemiological studies. The objective of this study is to investigate the transport of UFP into a residential building and to determine the functional dependence of infiltration on particle size and air change rate. A secondary objective was to estimate the values of the penetration coefficient P and composite deposition rate k(comp) that enter into the definition of F(inf). Using continuous measurements of indoor and outdoor concentrations of size-resolved particles ranging from 5 to 100 nm in a manufactured test house, particle penetration through the building, composite deposition, and the resulting value of F(inf) were calculated for two cases: closed windows and one window open 7.5 cm. F(inf) ranged from close to 0 (particles <10 nm) to 0.3 (particles >80 nm) with windows closed and from 0 to 0.6 with one window open. The penetration coefficient (closed windows) increased from about 0.2 for 10-nm particles to an asymptote near 0.6 for particles from 30-100 nm. Open window penetration coefficients were higher, ranging from 0.6 to 0.8. Closed-window composite deposition rates, which included losses to the furnace filter and to the ductwork as well as to interior surfaces, monotonically decreased from levels of about 1.5 h(-1) for 10-nm particles to 0.3 h(-1) for 100-nm particles. For the open-window case, composite deposition rates were higher for particles <20 nm, reaching values of 3.5 h(-1). Mean standard errors associated with estimates of P, k(comp), and F(inf) for two series of measurements ranged from 1.0% to 4.4%.
C1 [Rim, Donghyun; Wallace, Lance; Persily, Andrew] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Rim, DH (reprint author), 100 Bur Dr,MS8633,Bldg 226,Rm A311, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM drim@nist.gov
RI Wallace, Lance/K-7264-2013
NR 38
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 3
U2 27
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD AUG 1
PY 2010
VL 44
IS 15
BP 5908
EP 5913
DI 10.1021/es101202a
PG 6
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 631SD
UT WOS:000280367200041
PM 20666560
ER
PT J
AU Garreta, V
Monestiez, P
Hoef, JMV
AF Garreta, Vincent
Monestiez, Pascal
Hoef, Jay M. Ver
TI Spatial modelling and prediction on river networks: up model, down model
or hybrid?
SO ENVIRONMETRICS
LA English
DT Article
DE geostatistics; covariance function; stream network; kriging
ID FLOW
AB Preservation of rivers and water resources is crucial in most environmental policies and many carts are made to assess water quality Environmental monitoring of large river networks are based on measurement stations Compared to the total length of river networks, their number is often limited and there is a need to extend environmental variables that are measured locally to the whole river network The objective of this paper is to propose several relevant geostatistical models for river modelling These models use river distance and are based on two contrasting assumptions about dependency along a river network Inference using maximum likelihood, model selection criterion and prediction by kriging are then developed We illustrate our approach on two variables that differ by their distributional and spatial characteristics summer water temperature and nitrate concentration The data come from 141 to 187 monitoring stations in a network on a large river located in the Northeast of Fiance that is more than 5001) km long and includes Meuse and Moselle basins. We first evaluated different spatial models and then gave prediction maps and error variance maps for the whole stream network Copyright (C) 2009 John Wiley & Sons. Ltd
C1 [Garreta, Vincent] Univ Aix Marseille, CEREGE, CNRS, UMR 6635, F-13545 Aix En Provence, France.
[Monestiez, Pascal] INRA, Unite Biostat & Proc Spatiaux, F-84914 Avignon 9, France.
[Hoef, Jay M. Ver] NOAA, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Garreta, V (reprint author), Univ Aix Marseille, CEREGE, CNRS, UMR 6635, F-13545 Aix En Provence, France.
OI Ver Hoef, Jay/0000-0003-4302-6895; Monestiez, Pascal/0000-0001-5851-2699
NR 18
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 9
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1180-4009
J9 ENVIRONMETRICS
JI Environmetrics
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 21
IS 5
BP 439
EP 456
DI 10.1002/env.995
PG 18
WC Environmental Sciences; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications;
Statistics & Probability
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematics
GA 635AD
UT WOS:000280627100001
ER
PT J
AU Park, SH
Manzello, SL
Bentz, DP
Mizukami, T
AF Park, Seul-Hyun
Manzello, Samuel L.
Bentz, Dale P.
Mizukami, Tensei
TI Determining thermal properties of gypsum board at elevated temperatures
SO FIRE AND MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE gypsum board; thermal properties
ID FIRE; PERFORMANCE
AB The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the Center for Better Living have formed a collaboration to assess the performance and failure mechanisms of gypsum wall assemblies under real fires/furnace conditions. These measurements are being used to compile an experimental database necessary to validate models that could be used to predict their performance and ultimate failure under various design fires. A critical component of the database is thermal property data of gypsum board. The present paper describes the results of an effort to quantify thermal properties of gypsum board. The thermal conductivity specific heat mass loss and linear contraction for gypsum board types widely used in the U.S.A. and Japan were measured both at room temperature and at elevated temperatures. The gypsum board types tested include Type X and Type C from the U.S.A. and Type R and Type F from Japan. Results indicate that the difference in thermal properties of all gypsum board samples tested in the present study is not significant particularly at elevated temperatures. A large difference in linear contraction among gypsum board samples was observed at elevated temperatures, implying a significant difference in mechanical behavior at fire temperatures. The experimental data set provides valuable information that can be used to model the behavior of gypsum board at elevated temperatures. Copyright (C) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Park, Seul-Hyun; Manzello, Samuel L.] NIST, BFRL, Fire Res Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Bentz, Dale P.] NIST, BFRL, Mat & Construct Res Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Mizukami, Tensei] Ctr Better Living, Tsukuba Bldg Res & Testing Lab TBTL, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
RP Manzello, SL (reprint author), NIST, BFRL, Fire Res Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM samuel.manzello@nist.gov
NR 13
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 8
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0308-0501
J9 FIRE MATER
JI Fire Mater.
PD AUG-SEP
PY 2010
VL 34
IS 5
BP 237
EP 250
DI 10.1002/fam.1017
PG 14
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 638SP
UT WOS:000280916600002
ER
PT J
AU Manzello, SL
Park, SH
Cleary, TG
AF Manzello, Samuel L.
Park, Seul-Hyun
Cleary, Thomas G.
TI Development of rapidly deployable instrumentation packages for data
acquisition in wildland-urban interface (WUI) fires
SO FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Wildland-urban interface (WUI) fires; Instrumentation; Structure
ignition
AB In an effort to quantify structure ignition mechanisms during wildland-urban interface (WUI) fires, rapidly deployable instrumentation packages were developed. For a structure under a WUI fire attack, the packages are designed to: (1) provide temporally resolved images of structure ignition mechanisms and (2) provide quantitative data on total heat flux, wind speed, wind direction, ambient temperature, and relative humidity near a structure. The unique design of the packages allowed for wireless transmission of all data signals collected to a hardened location. Prior to attempting to use these instrumentation packages in real WUI fires, a proof-of-concept test was conducted under a prescribed fire. In these tests, a shed was used as a surrogate for a typical structure that would be found in the WUI. The proof-of-concept test was successful and has demonstrated that relatively inexpensive instrumentation can be used to image structure ignition in the path of an approaching crown fire and that directional flame thermometers (DFT) were acceptable instrumentation to measure total heat flux in place of cumbersome water cooled total heat flux gages. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Manzello, Samuel L.; Park, Seul-Hyun; Cleary, Thomas G.] NIST, Fire Res Div, BFRL, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Manzello, SL (reprint author), NIST, Fire Res Div, BFRL, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM samuelm@nist.gov
FU US Forest Service; Office of Science and Technology of the Department of
Homeland Security
FX The authors are eternally grateful to the New Jersey Forest Fire Service
for their gracious invitation to participate in these exciting tests. In
particular, Mr. James Dusha served as the burn boss and provided
incredible support to the 'NIST Science Dudes'. Mr. Stephen Maurer of
the New Jersey, Forest Fire Service assisted in preparing the necessary
documentation so NIST could participate. Dr. John Horn and Dr. Ken Clark
of the US Forest Service are acknowledged for making us aware of this
opportunity. This research was supported by the US Forest Service and
Office of Science and Technology of the Department of Homeland Security.
Dr. William 'Ruddy' Mell and Mr. Alexander Maranghides of NIST are
acknowledged for helpful discussion and suggestions during the course of
this work. Mr. John R. Shields of NIST is acknowledged assisting with
the instrumentation deployment.
NR 10
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0379-7112
J9 FIRE SAFETY J
JI Fire Saf. J.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 5
BP 327
EP 336
DI 10.1016/j.firesaf.2010.06.005
PG 10
WC Engineering, Civil; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 639RR
UT WOS:000280992700005
ER
PT J
AU Reuter, RF
Conners, ME
Dicosimo, J
Gaichas, S
Ormseth, O
Tenbrink, TT
AF Reuter, R. F.
Conners, M. E.
Dicosimo, J.
Gaichas, S.
Ormseth, O.
Tenbrink, T. T.
TI Managing non-target, data-poor species using catch limits: lessons from
the Alaskan groundfish fishery
SO FISHERIES MANAGEMENT AND ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE catch limit; data-poor; groundfish fishery; Magnuson Stevens
Reauthorized Act; stock assessment
ID MANAGEMENT; INDICATORS; STRATEGIES; BYCATCH; RISK
AB P>The 2006 reauthorisation of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act requires annual catch limits for all target and non-target species within federally managed fisheries in the United States. In Alaska, both target and non-target species in the Alaska groundfish fisheries have been managed using catch limits since the early 1990s. Non-target species that are caught incidentally in a fishery require monitoring to ensure that the population is not negatively impacted by commercial fishing. Resource assessment scientists have been challenged with obtaining sufficient data to recommend an acceptable catch level for management of these species. This paper reviews three case studies where a catch limit is determined for non-target species when certain data are limited: (1) varying levels of biomass and catch data for all species within a species group or complex; (2) adequate catch data but no biomass data; (3) emerging target fishery of data-poor species, plus an example of how a complex of ecosystem component species is managed.
C1 [Reuter, R. F.; Conners, M. E.; Gaichas, S.; Ormseth, O.; Tenbrink, T. T.] Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Dicosimo, J.] N Pacific Fishery Management Council, Anchorage, AK USA.
RP Reuter, RF (reprint author), Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM rebecca.reuter@noaa.gov
NR 45
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 15
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0969-997X
J9 FISHERIES MANAG ECOL
JI Fisheries Manag. Ecol.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 17
IS 4
BP 323
EP 335
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2400.2009.00726.x
PG 13
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 624RM
UT WOS:000279837800002
ER
PT J
AU Seung, CK
AF Seung, Chang K.
TI Estimating economic information for fisheries using unequal probability
sampling
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Unequal probability sampling; Economic information; Alaska fisheries
ID DISCARDS; ENGLAND
AB This study provides detailed descriptions of procedures for conducting unequal probability sampling (UPS) and deriving the population parameters for important economic variables that are critical in economic analysis of fisheries. This study uses a Pareto sampling method and describes how the Horvitz-Thompson (HT) estimator is adjusted for non-response and how this adjustment is applied to the certainty units and non-certainty units separately. As an example, this study applies the UPS method without replacement to fisheries in the Southwest region of Alaska, to estimate the total employment and total labor income for each of three disaggregated harvesting sectors. This study shows that the suggested method is a useful approach that can be used to estimate similar economic information through surveys of fish harvesting and processing sectors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, AKC2, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Seung, CK (reprint author), NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, AKC2, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM Chang.Seung@noaa.gov
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD AUG-SEP
PY 2010
VL 105
IS 3
BP 134
EP 140
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2010.03.016
PG 7
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 642CR
UT WOS:000281181500002
ER
PT J
AU Chang, SK
DiNardo, G
Lin, TT
AF Chang, Shui-Kai
DiNardo, Gerard
Lin, Ta-Te
TI Photo-based approach as an alternative method for collection of albacore
(Thunnus alalunga) length frequency from longline vessels
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Fish length; Photo-based length measurement; Albacore tuna; Sample
vessel
ID SOUTH-PACIFIC ALBACORE; FISHERIES; AGE
AB Length frequency data are essential to the stock assessments of albacore (Thunnus alalunga) which has been either fully- or over-exploited in many regions of the world. To obtain 'visible' and verifiable length data, a photo-based length measurement approach was previously developed in which fishers take photos of fish adjacent to a plastic calibration board with colored squares using ordinary digital camera technology. Here we assess the feasibility of implementing the photo-based approach using direct comparisons with measured lengths from observer programs. Data from the Taiwanese longline albacore fishery are used to assess the utility of the photo approach in terms of accuracy (with considerations of on-board photographing and at-land length estimation) and cost (comparing with port-sampling and observer programs). Results indicate potentially significant cost savings compared with the other two programs, with acceptable levels of estimation error. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lin, Ta-Te] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Bioind Mechatron Engn, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
[Chang, Shui-Kai] Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Coll Marine Sci, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan.
[DiNardo, Gerard] NOAA, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, NMFS, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Lin, TT (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Bioind Mechatron Engn, 1 Sect 4,Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
EM m456@ntu.edu.tw
RI Chang, Shui-Kai/B-5038-2010;
OI Chang, Shui-Kai/0000-0003-2929-1510; LIN, TA-TE/0000-0003-0852-1372
FU Fisheries Agency, Council of Agriculture, ROC; NOAA [AB133F-08-SE3726];
Asia-Pacific Ocean Research Centre, National Sun Yat-sen University
FX We appreciate Mr. Yu-Kai Lin for compilation of the cost information. We
also thank the anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments on
the manuscript. The study was supported in research materials by the
Fisheries Agency, Council of Agriculture, ROC, and partially supported
by funds from NOAA (Contract number: AB133F-08-SE3726) and the
Asia-Pacific Ocean Research Centre, National Sun Yat-sen University.
NR 23
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD AUG-SEP
PY 2010
VL 105
IS 3
BP 148
EP 155
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2010.03.021
PG 8
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 642CR
UT WOS:000281181500004
ER
PT J
AU Rudershausen, PJ
Mitchell, WA
Buckel, JA
Williams, EH
Hazen, E
AF Rudershausen, P. J.
Mitchell, W. A.
Buckel, J. A.
Williams, E. H.
Hazen, E.
TI Developing a two-step fishery-independent design to estimate the
relative abundance of deepwater reef fish: Application to a marine
protected area off the southeastern United States coast
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Fisheries acoustics; Marine protected area; Fishery-independent design;
Reef fish southeastern United States LME
ID ACOUSTICS; VESSELS; BIOMASS; STOCK
AB Reliable data on reef fishes inhabiting the southeastern United States (North Carolina to Florida) continental shelf large marine ecosystem are difficult to obtain; catch quotas and time and area closures limit the collection of fishery-dependent samples. Further, unbiased fishery-independent samples are expensive to collect with conventional fishing gear. Consequently, stock assessments are often data-limited, especially for deepwater reef species. We estimated the relative abundance of deepwater reef fish with a double sampling approach using fisheries acoustics and conventional fishing gear (hook and line and chevron traps). Double sampling occurred within the newly-created Snowy Wreck Marine Protected Area and a nearby control site. Reef fish concentrations were identified by a single-beam Simrad ES60 transceiver with a transducer operating at 38 kHz. Hook and line samples were collected at 73 acoustic events, and chevron trap samples were collected at 20 acoustic events. The relationship between fisheries acoustic data and catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) data was examined to develop a model to predict species-generic CPUE at unfished locations. Akaike's Information Criteria (AIC) found equal support for linear, exponential, and power relationships between acoustic backscatter and CPUE for each conventional fishing gear. Further model development would be aided by refining acoustic target information and applying complimentary fish sampling gears (i.e., split-beam fisheries acoustics gear, underwater video). Given further development, a double sampling design should be useful to estimate the relative abundance of important deepwater reef species over a wide area of the shelf break off the southeastern United States, utilizing either survey vessels or vessels-of-opportunity to rapidly collect acoustic samples. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Rudershausen, P. J.; Mitchell, W. A.; Buckel, J. A.] N Carolina State Univ, Ctr Marine Sci & Technol, Dept Biol, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA.
[Williams, E. H.] NOAA, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Beaufort Lab, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
[Hazen, E.] Duke Univ, Marine Lab, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
RP Rudershausen, PJ (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Ctr Marine Sci & Technol, Dept Biol, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA.
EM pjruders@ncsu.edu
RI Hazen, Elliott/G-4149-2014
OI Hazen, Elliott/0000-0002-0412-7178
FU North Carolina Sea Grant [07-FEG-15, 08-FEG-10]
FX We thank Tom Burgess for his assistance with this work. Four anonymous
reviewers improved the quality of the manuscript. This project was
funded through North Carolina Sea Grant, project numbers 07-FEG-15 and
08-FEG-10.
NR 20
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 13
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD AUG-SEP
PY 2010
VL 105
IS 3
BP 254
EP 260
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2010.05.005
PG 7
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 642CR
UT WOS:000281181500016
ER
PT J
AU Marques, A
Nunes, ML
Moore, SK
Strom, MS
AF Marques, Antonio
Nunes, Maria Leonor
Moore, Stephanie K.
Strom, Mark S.
TI Climate change and seafood safety: Human health implications
SO FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Climate change; Seafood; Harmful algal blooms; Pathogens; Trace metals;
Organic chemicals
ID HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS; MUSSEL PERNA-VIRIDIS; INVERTEBRATES
COROPHIUM-VOLUTATOR; VIBRIO-PARAHAEMOLYTICUS STRAINS; GULF-OF-MEXICO;
MYTILUS-EDULIS; PHYSIOLOGICAL-RESPONSE; CRASSOSTREA-VIRGINICA; AQUATIC
INVERTEBRATES; EMBRYONIC-DEVELOPMENT
AB Worldwide, anthropogenic climate change is now a reality and is already affecting the biology and ecology of some organisms, as well as several chemical pathways. Little is known about the consequences of climate change for the food system, particularly seafood, comprising all stages from "farm to fork" (mainly primary production, processing, transport and trading). In this context, the current review aims to elucidate climate change impacts on seafood safety and its human health implications. Both chemical and biological risks are foreseen to impair seafood safety in the future as a consequence of climate change; in particular, toxic metals, organic chemicals residues, algal toxins and pathogens of both humans and marine organisms. However, different species respond differently to such stresses. Public health authorities will face new challenges to guarantee seafood safety and to sustain consumers' confidence in eating seafood in a warmer world. (c) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Marques, Antonio; Nunes, Maria Leonor] IP L IPIMAR, Natl Inst Biol Resources INRB, Res Unit Upgrading Fishery & Farmed Prod U VPPA, P-1449006 Lisbon, Portugal.
[Moore, Stephanie K.; Strom, Mark S.] NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, W Coast Ctr Oceans & Human Hlth, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Marques, A (reprint author), IP L IPIMAR, Natl Inst Biol Resources INRB, Res Unit Upgrading Fishery & Farmed Prod U VPPA, Ave Brasilia, P-1449006 Lisbon, Portugal.
EM amarques@ipimar.pt
RI Marques, Antonio/H-5904-2013; NUNES, MARIA LEONOR/L-4283-2014
OI Marques, Antonio/0000-0001-6745-745X; NUNES, MARIA
LEONOR/0000-0003-4393-2150
FU Northwest Fisheries Science Center; National Marine Fisheries Service;
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); West Coast
Center for Oceans and Human Health (WCCOHH); NOAA Oceans and Human
Health Initiative
FX M.S.S. and S.K.M. acknowledge the support of the Northwest Fisheries
Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and the West Coast Center for Oceans
and Human Health (WCCOHH). WCCOHH is funded by the NOAA Oceans and Human
Health Initiative, and this work is WCCOHH publication number X.
NR 138
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 7
U2 51
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0963-9969
J9 FOOD RES INT
JI Food Res. Int.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 43
IS 7
SI SI
BP 1766
EP 1779
DI 10.1016/j.foodres.2010.02.010
PG 14
WC Food Science & Technology
SC Food Science & Technology
GA 663CN
UT WOS:000282860700004
ER
PT J
AU Yang, B
Pallardy, SG
Meyers, TP
Gu, LH
Hanson, PJ
Wullschleger, SD
Heuer, M
Hosman, KP
Riggs, JS
Sluss, DW
AF Yang, Bai
Pallardy, Stephen G.
Meyers, Tilden P.
Gu, Lian-Hong
Hanson, Paul J.
Wullschleger, Stan D.
Heuer, Mark
Hosman, Kevin P.
Riggs, Jeffery S.
Sluss, Daniel W.
TI Environmental controls on water use efficiency during severe drought in
an Ozark Forest in Missouri, USA
SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE data stratification; drought; eddy flux; environmental control; water
use efficiency
ID OAK-HICKORY FOREST; GAS-EXCHANGE; ECOSYSTEM PRODUCTIVITY; VAPOR
EXCHANGE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; OPTIMIZATION THEORY; STOMATAL RESPONSES;
DIFFUSE-RADIATION; MODELING ANALYSIS; PINUS-RADIATA
AB To accurately predict ecosystem responses induced by climate warming at local-to-global scales, models are in need of more precise knowledge of response during periods of environmental stress such as drought. In this paper, we studied environmental control of canopy-level water use efficiency (WUE) during drought at an eddy flux site in an oak-hickory forest in central Missouri, USA. Two consecutive severe droughts in the summers of 2006 and 2007 afforded coverage of a broad range of environmental conditions. We stratified data to obtain subranges that minimized cross-correlations among putative WUE-controlling factors. Our results showed that WUE was subject to control by atmospheric saturation deficit (ASD), soil water potential (SWP) and the ratio of diffuse to total photosynthetically active radiation (I(f)/I(t)). Generally, WUE was found to scale with 1/(ASD)0.5, consistent with predictions from stomatal optimization theory. In contrast, SWP and I(f)/I(t) were related to WUE in a linear fashion. ASD was better correlated with WUE than either of the other two factors. It was also observed that the relationship between WUE and any single controlling factor was subject to influence of the other two. One such example was an opposite response of WUE to SWP between low and high ASD values, suggesting a breakdown of stomatal optimality under severe environmental stresses and a shift from optimal stomatal regulation to nonstomatal regulation at leaf scale. We have demonstrated that different data handling (stratified vs. nonstratified) or selection (hourly vs. daily) could lead to different conclusions on the relationship between WUE and its controls. For this reason, we recommend modelers to be cautious when applying WUE-response formulas at environmental conditions or at time scales different from those at which they are derived.
C1 [Yang, Bai; Gu, Lian-Hong; Hanson, Paul J.; Wullschleger, Stan D.; Riggs, Jeffery S.; Sluss, Daniel W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Pallardy, Stephen G.; Hosman, Kevin P.] Univ Missouri, Dept Forestry, Columbia, MO USA.
[Meyers, Tilden P.; Heuer, Mark] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Atmospher Turbulence & Diffus Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Yang, B (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008,Bldg 1509, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM yangb@ornl.gov
RI Hanson, Paul J./D-8069-2011; Wullschleger, Stan/B-8297-2012; Meyers,
Tilden/C-6633-2016; Gu, Lianhong/H-8241-2014
OI Hanson, Paul J./0000-0001-7293-3561; Wullschleger,
Stan/0000-0002-9869-0446; Gu, Lianhong/0000-0001-5756-8738
FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Biological and Environmental
Research (BER); US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; University
of Missouri under US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-03ER63683]; Oak Ridge
National Laboratory; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education
[DE-AC05-00OR22725, DE-AC05-00OR22750]
FX This research was supported by US Department of Energy, Office of
Science, Biological and Environmental Research (BER), as a part of the
Terrestrial Carbon Processes (TCP) Program and conducted at Oak Ridge
National Laboratory (ORNL), managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the US
Department of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 and by the
University of Missouri under US Department of Energy, Grant
DE-FG02-03ER63683.; This research was supported in part by an
appointment to the ORNL Postdoctoral Research Associates Program which
is sponsored by Oak Ridge National Laboratory and administered jointly
by Oak Ridge National Laboratory and by the Oak Ridge Institute for
Science and Education under contract numbers DE-AC05-00OR22725 and
DE-AC05-00OR22750, respectively. Comments from two anonymous reviewers
and discussions with Drs. Dafeng Hui and Kell Wilson were very helpful
in improving this manuscript. First author thanks Dr. Wilfred M. Post
for being his mentor during his post-doctoral program at ORNL.
NR 52
TC 32
Z9 33
U1 7
U2 57
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1354-1013
J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL
JI Glob. Change Biol.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 16
IS 8
BP 2252
EP 2271
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02138.x
PG 20
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 619QD
UT WOS:000279443800009
ER
PT J
AU Sobral, JBM
Boukerche, A
Loureiro, AAF
AF Sobral, J. B. M.
Boukerche, A.
Loureiro, A. A. F.
TI I2TS 2009, 8(th) International Information and Telecommunication
Technologies Symposium
SO IEEE LATIN AMERICA TRANSACTIONS
LA Spanish
DT Editorial Material
DE Telecommunication; Information Technologies; Distributed Computing and
Real-Time Systems; Wired and Wireless Computer Networks; Computational
Security; Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing; Free Software;
Telemedicine and Medical Informatics; Research and Development for
Innovative Technologies. Best Papers
AB This edition of IEEE Latin America Transactions brings up a collection of the best papers presented during the eighth International Information and Telecommunication Technologies Symposium (I2TS 2009), which took place from December 9rd to 11th 2009, in Florianopolis, Brazil. The I2TS Technical Committee Program considered the three best papers among the entire proceedings of I2TS 2009, which was composed by 136 works. The best papers represent the finest work published in I2TS, serving as an example of the investigation that is done in the Information and Telecommunication areas.
C1 [Sobral, J. B. M.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Boukerche, A.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
[Loureiro, A. A. F.] Univ Colorado, Dept Elect Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Sobral, JBM (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM jbmsobral@boulder.nist.gov; aboukerche@lamar.colostate.edu;
aafloureiro@nrim.go.jp
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1548-0992
J9 IEEE LAT AM T
JI IEEE Latin Am. Trans.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 8
IS 4
BP 320
EP 321
PG 2
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical &
Electronic
SC Computer Science; Engineering
GA 670PH
UT WOS:000283439300002
ER
PT J
AU Remley, KA
AF Remley, Kate A.
TI Re-Visioning Reviews
SO IEEE MICROWAVE MAGAZINE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Remley, KA (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO USA.
EM microwave.editor@ieee.org
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1527-3342
J9 IEEE MICROW MAG
JI IEEE Microw. Mag.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 11
IS 5
BP 6
EP 8
DI 10.1109/MMM.2010.937090
PG 2
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 652IL
UT WOS:000281997100001
ER
PT J
AU Rasmussen, MO
Pinheiro, AC
Proud, SR
Sandholt, I
AF Rasmussen, Mads Olander
Pinheiro, Ana C.
Proud, Simon R.
Sandholt, Inge
TI Modeling Angular Dependences in Land Surface Temperatures From the
SEVIRI Instrument Onboard the Geostationary Meteosat Second Generation
Satellites
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Angular effects; anisotropy; land surface temperature (LST); Meteosat
Second Generation (MSG) Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager
(SEVIRI)
ID ANISOTROPY; RETRIEVAL; AFRICA
AB Satellite-based estimates of land surface temperature (LST) are widely applied as an input to models. A model output is often very sensitive to error in the input data, and high-quality inputs are therefore essential. One of the main sources of errors in LST estimates is the dependence on vegetation structure and viewing and illumination geometry. Despite this, these effects are not considered in current operational LST products from neither polar-orbiting nor geostationary satellites. In this paper, we simulate the angular dependence that can be expected when estimating LST with the viewing geometry of the geostationary Meteosat Second Generation Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager sensor across the African continent and compare it to a normalized view geometry. We use the modified geometric projection model that estimates the scene thermal infrared radiance from a surface covered by different land covers. The results show that the sun-target-sensor geometry plays a significant role in the estimated temperature, with variations strictly due to the angular configuration of more than +/- 3 degrees C in some cases. On the continental scale, the average error is small except in hot-spot conditions, but large variations occur both geographically and temporally. The sun zenith angle, the amount of vegetation, and the vegetation structure are all shown to affect the magnitude of the errors. The findings highlight the need for taking the angular effects into account when applying LST estimates in models and when comparing LST estimates from different sensors or from different times, both on the daily and seasonal scale.
C1 [Rasmussen, Mads Olander; Proud, Simon R.; Sandholt, Inge] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Geog & Geol, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Pinheiro, Ana C.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Admz, Natl Climat Data Ctr, Asheville, NC 28801 USA.
RP Rasmussen, MO (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Dept Geog & Geol, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark.
EM mora@gras.ku.dk; Ana.Pinheiro@noaa.gov; is@geo.ku.dk
RI Proud, Simon/A-4239-2015
OI Proud, Simon/0000-0003-3880-6774
FU International Research School of Water Resources (FIVA) at the
University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; European Community
FX Manuscript received October 2, 2009; revised January 2, 2010. Date of
publication April 5, 2010; date of current version July 21, 2010. This
work was supported in part by the International Research School of Water
Resources (FIVA) at the University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.;
Part of this work was carried out while M. O. Rasmussen was a Visiting
Scientist at the Remote Sensing and Applications Division, National
Climatic Data Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
The authors would like to thank J. Privette and J. J. Bates for making
the stay possible andfor taking care of the administrative work
associated with the visit. This work contributes to the African Monsoon
Multidisciplinary Analysis (AMMA) Project
(http://www.ammainternational.org). Based on a French initiative, AMMA
was built by an international scientific group and is currently funded
by a large number of agencies, particularly from France, U.K., U.S., and
Africa. It has been the beneficiary of a major financial contribution
from the European Community's Sixth Framework Research Program.
NR 19
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 3
U2 10
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0196-2892
J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE
JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 48
IS 8
BP 3123
EP 3133
DI 10.1109/TGRS.2010.2044509
PG 11
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote
Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science
& Photographic Technology
GA 656FC
UT WOS:000282310600007
ER
PT J
AU Williams, D
Mortazawi, A
AF Williams, Dylan
Mortazawi, Amir
TI Untitled
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Williams, Dylan] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Mortazawi, Amir] Univ Michigan, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Williams, D (reprint author), NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9480
J9 IEEE T MICROW THEORY
JI IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 58
IS 8
BP 2073
EP 2076
DI 10.1109/TMTT.2010.2052663
PG 4
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 665TC
UT WOS:000283057400001
ER
PT J
AU Holloway, CL
Kabos, P
Mohamed, MA
Kuester, EF
Gordon, JA
Janezic, MD
Baker-Jarvis, J
AF Holloway, C. L.
Kabos, P.
Mohamed, M. A.
Kuester, E. F.
Gordon, J. A.
Janezic, M. D.
Baker-Jarvis, J.
TI Realisation of a controllable metafilm/metasurface composed of resonant
magnetodielectric particles: measurements and theory
SO IET MICROWAVES ANTENNAS & PROPAGATION
LA English
DT Article
ID METAFILM; NETWORK; ARRAYS
AB In previous work, we derived generalised sheet-transition conditions (GSTCs) for the average electromagnetic fields across a metafilm/metasurface, which, when properly designed, can have certain desired reflection and transmission properties. A metafilm (also referred to as a metasurface) is the two-dimensional equivalent of a metamaterial and is essentially a surface distribution of electrically small scatterers characterised by electric and magnetic surface susceptibilities. This GSTC has been used to calculate the reflection and transmission coefficients of the metafilm, which depend upon the surface susceptibilities, themselves expressed in terms of the electric and magnetic polarisabilities of the scatterers. Conditions on these surface susceptibilities of the scatterers required to obtain total transmission and/or total reflection have also been obtained. These conditions can require either the electric or magnetic surface susceptibilities to become negative (analogous to the situation for negative-index bulk metamaterials). By controlling the polarisabilities of the scatterers in the metafilm (and thus the surface susceptibilities), a 'smart' or 'controllable' surface can be realised. Applications of such a controllable metafilm/metasurface would include controllable antennas, switches, sensors, resonators and waveguides. In this study, the authors present both analytic and measurement results to demonstrate the realisation of a controllable metafilm composed of resonant magnetodielectric particles. To this end, they present analytical results for plane-wave incident and waveguide measurements of the reflection and transmission properties of a controllable metafilm composed of spherical magneto-dielectric (yttrium iron garnet or YIG) particles. The good correlations between the measured and analytical results of the reflection and transmission characteristics of the metafilm presented here show that a 'smart surface' metafilm is realisable.
C1 [Holloway, C. L.; Kabos, P.; Gordon, J. A.; Janezic, M. D.; Baker-Jarvis, J.] NIST, US Dept Commerce, Boulder Labs, Electromagnet Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Mohamed, M. A.; Kuester, E. F.] Univ Colorado, Dept Elect Comp & Energy Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Holloway, CL (reprint author), NIST, US Dept Commerce, Boulder Labs, Electromagnet Div, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM holloway@boulder.nist.gov
NR 25
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 26
PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET
PI HERTFORD
PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND
SN 1751-8725
J9 IET MICROW ANTENNA P
JI IET Microw. Antennas Propag.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 4
IS 8
BP 1111
EP 1122
DI 10.1049/iet-map.2009.0555
PG 12
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 634EY
UT WOS:000280563700018
ER
PT J
AU Hammouda, B
AF Hammouda, Boualem
TI A new Guinier-Porod model
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID SMALL-ANGLE SCATTERING
AB Small-angle scattering (SAS) curves are characterized by two main features: the Guinier region and the Porod region. Standard linear plots are available to fit SAS data and obtain a radius of gyration and a Porod exponent. A new Guinier-Porod empirical model is introduced to fit SAS data from spherical as well as nonspherical objects such as rods or platelets. It also applies to shapes intermediate between spheres and rods or between rods and platelets. The new model is used to fit SAS data from a Pluronic solution that sequentially forms unimers, then spherical micelles, then cylindrical micelles, then lamellar micelles upon heating. This single model can fit structures associated with all four phases as well as the intermediate structures.
C1 NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Hammouda, B (reprint author), NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM hammouda@nist.gov
FU National Science Foundation [DMR-0454672]
FX The identification of commercial products does not imply endorsement by
the National Institute of Standards and Technology nor does it imply
that these are the best for the purpose. This work is based upon
activities supported in part by the National Science Foundation under
agreement No. DMR-0454672. Discussions with David Mildner and Steve
Kline are appreciated.
NR 8
TC 107
Z9 107
U1 8
U2 41
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0021-8898
J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR
JI J. Appl. Crystallogr.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 43
BP 716
EP 719
DI 10.1107/S0021889810015773
PN 4
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography
SC Chemistry; Crystallography
GA 619KQ
UT WOS:000279429500008
ER
PT J
AU Carman, MR
Morris, JA
Karney, RC
Grunden, DW
AF Carman, M. R.
Morris, J. A.
Karney, R. C.
Grunden, D. W.
TI An initial assessment of native and invasive tunicates in shellfish
aquaculture of the North American east coast
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ICHTHYOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference and Workshop on Managing Alien Species for
Sustainable Development of Aquaculture and Fisheis
CY NOV 05-07, 2008
CL Univ Florence, Florence, ITALY
HO Univ Florence
ID CIONA-INTESTINALIS; MUSSEL
AB The objective of the study was to assess the distribution of native and invasive tunicates in the fouling community of shellfish aquaculture gear along the U. S. east coast of the Atlantic. Since the 1980s, several species of invasive tunicates have spread throughout the coastal waters of the North American east coast and have become dominant fouling organisms on docks, boat hulls, mooring lines, and in shellfish aquaculture. Invasive and native tunicates negatively impact shellfish aquaculture through increased maintenance costs and reduced shellfish growth. While the presence of alien tunicates has been well documented at piers, harbors, and marinas, there are few published reports of invasive tunicate impacts to aquaculture. We surveyed shellfish aquaculture operations at Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts and shellfish aquaculturists in other areas along the North American east coast and report high levels of fouling caused by seven invasive, three native, and two cryptogenic species of tunicates. All study sites were fouled by one or more tunicate species. Biofouling control treatments varied among aquaculture sites and were effective in removing tunicates. Invasive and native tunicates should be considered when assessing the economic impacts of fouling organisms to the aquaculture industry.
C1 [Carman, M. R.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Biol, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Morris, J. A.] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Beaufort, NC USA.
[Karney, R. C.] Marthas Vineyard Shellfish Grp Inc, Oak Bluffs, MA USA.
[Grunden, D. W.] Town Oak Bluffs Shellfish Dept, Oak Bluffs, MA USA.
RP Carman, MR (reprint author), Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Biol, Mailstop 8, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM mcarman@whoi.edu
NR 15
TC 24
Z9 28
U1 1
U2 21
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0175-8659
J9 J APPL ICHTHYOL
JI J. Appl. Ichthyol.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 26
SU 2
BP 8
EP 11
DI 10.1111/j.1439-0426.2010.01495.x
PG 4
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 639MS
UT WOS:000280979500003
ER
PT J
AU Godfrey, CM
Stensrud, DJ
AF Godfrey, Christopher M.
Stensrud, David J.
TI An Empirical Latent Heat Flux Parameterization for the Noah Land Surface
Model
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID BOUNDARY-LAYER DEVELOPMENT; ENERGY-BALANCE CLOSURE; MESOSCALE ETA-MODEL;
WINTER-WHEAT BELT; LEAF-AREA INDEX; SOIL-MOISTURE; MULTICRITERIA
METHODS; OKLAHOMA MESONET; VEGETATION COVER; EDDY-CORRELATION
AB Proper partitioning of the surface energy fluxes that drive the evolution of the planetary boundary layer in numerical weather prediction models requires an accurate representation of initial land surface conditions. Unfortunately, soil temperature and moisture observations are unavailable in most areas and routine daily estimates of vegetation coverage and biomass are not easily available. This gap in observational capabilities seriously hampers the evaluation and improvement of land surface parameterizations, since model errors likely relate to improper initial conditions as much as to inaccuracies in the parameterizations. Two unique datasets help to overcome these difficulties. First, 1-km fractional vegetation coverage and leaf area index values can be derived from biweekly maximum normalized difference vegetation index composites obtained from daily observations by the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer onboard NOAA satellites. Second, the Oklahoma Mesonet supplies multiple soil temperature and moisture measurements at various soil depths each hour. Combined, these two datasets provide significantly improved initial conditions for a land surface model and allow an evaluation of the accuracy of the land surface model with much greater confidence than previously. Forecasts that both include and neglect these unique land surface observations are used to evaluate the value of these two data sources to land surface initializations. The dense network of surface observations afforded by the Oklahoma Mesonet, including surface flux data derived from special sensors, provides verification of the model results, which indicate that predicted latent heat fluxes still differ from observations by as much as 150 W m(-2). This result provides a springboard for assessing parameterization errors within the model. A new empirical parameterization developed using principal-component regression reveals simple relationships between latent heat flux and other surface observations. Periods of very dry conditions observed across Oklahoma are used advantageously to derive a parameterization for evaporation from bare soil. Combining this parameterization with an empirical canopy transpiration scheme yields improved sensible and latent heat flux forecasts and better partitioning of the surface energy budget. Surface temperature and mixing ratio forecasts show improvement when compared with observations.
C1 [Godfrey, Christopher M.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Godfrey, Christopher M.] Univ Oklahoma, Cooperat Inst Mesoscale Meteorol Studies, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Stensrud, David J.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
RP Godfrey, CM (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Atmospher Sci, 1 Univ Hts, Asheville, NC 28804 USA.
EM cgodfrey@unca.edu
FU NSF [ATM-0243720]; NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research
[NA17RJ1227]
FX The authors thank the Oklahoma Climatological Survey for providing
Oklahoma Mesonet data and Drs. Ken Crawford, Peter Lamb, Lance Leslie,
Michael Richman, and May Yuan and three anonymous reviewers for their
helpful comments. Dr. Jim Merchant and Roberto Bonifaz of the University
of Nebraska-Lincoln provided the fractional vegetation coverage and leaf
area index data. Funding was provided under NSF Grant ATM-0243720 and by
NOAA/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research under NOAA-University of
Oklahoma Cooperative Agreement NA17RJ1227, U.S. Department of Commerce.
NR 90
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 6
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1558-8424
J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM
JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 49
IS 8
BP 1696
EP 1713
DI 10.1175/2010JAMC2180.1
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 646CY
UT WOS:000281514800009
ER
PT J
AU Matrosov, SY
AF Matrosov, Sergey Y.
TI CloudSat Studies of Stratiform Precipitation Systems Observed in the
Vicinity of the Southern Great Plains Atmospheric Radiation Measurement
Site
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ICE CLOUDS; RADAR; RETRIEVALS; RAINFALL
AB The spaceborne W-band (94 GHz) radar on board the CloudSat polar-orbiting satellite offers new opportunities for retrieving parameters of precipitating cloud systems. CloudSat measurements can resolve the vertical cross sections of such systems. The radar brightband features, which are commonly present when observing stratiform precipitating systems, allow the vertical separation of the ice, mixed, and liquid precipitating hydrometeor layers. In this study, the CloudSat data are used to simultaneously retrieve ice water path (IWP) values for ice layers of precipitating systems using absolute radar reflectivity measurements and mean rainfall rates R(m) in the liquid hydrometeor layers using the attenuation-based reflectivity gradient method. The retrievals were performed for precipitating events observed in the vicinity of the Southern Great Plains (SGP) Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program (ARM) Climate Research Facility. The retrieval results indicated that IWP values in stratiform precipitating systems vary from a few hundreds up to about 10 thousands of grams per meter squared, and the mean rain rates were in a general range between 0.5 and about 12 mm h(-1). On average, mean rainfall increases with an increase in ice mass observed above the melting layer; the corresponding mean correlation coefficient is about 0.35, although events with higher correlation as well as those with no appreciable correlation were observed. Horizontal advection, wind shear, and vertical air motions might be some of the reasons for decorrelation between IWP and R(m) retrieved for the same vertical atmospheric column. A mean statistical relation between IWP and R(m) derived from CloudSat retrievals is in good agreement with the data obtained from multiwavelength ground-based cloud radar measurements at the SGP site.
C1 [Matrosov, Sergey Y.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Matrosov, Sergey Y.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Matrosov, SY (reprint author), R PSD2,325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM sergey.matrosov@noaa.gov
FU NASA [NNX07AQ82G]; Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy
[DE-FG02-05ER63954]
FX This study was funded through NASA Project NNX07AQ82G and through the
Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy Grant DE-FG02-05ER63954.
NR 22
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1558-8424
J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM
JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 49
IS 8
BP 1756
EP 1765
DI 10.1175/2010JAMC2444.1
PG 10
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 646CY
UT WOS:000281514800013
ER
PT J
AU Bodine, D
Heinselman, PL
Cheong, BL
Palmer, RD
Michaud, D
AF Bodine, D.
Heinselman, P. L.
Cheong, B. L.
Palmer, R. D.
Michaud, D.
TI A Case Study on the Impact of Moisture Variability on Convection
Initiation Using Radar Refractivity Retrievals
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PHASED-ARRAY RADAR; BOUNDARY-LAYER; OKLAHOMA MESONET; REAL-TIME;
DRYLINE; IHOP-2002; VELOCITY; MERGER; SYSTEM; FIELDS
AB A case study illustrating the impact of moisture variability on convection initiation in a synoptically active environment without strong moisture gradients is presented. The preconvective environment on 30 April 2007 nearly satisfied the three conditions for convection initiation: moisture, instability, and a low-level lifting mechanism. However, a sounding analysis showed that a low-level inversion layer and high LFC would prevent convection initiation because the convective updraft velocities required to overcome the convective inhibition (CIN) were much higher than updraft velocities typically observed in convergence zones. Radar refractivity retrievals from the Twin Lakes, Oklahoma (KTLX), Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler (WSR-88D) showed a moisture pool contributing up to a 2 degrees C increase in dewpoint temperature where the initial storm-scale convergence was observed. The analysis of the storm-relative wind field revealed that the developing storm ingested the higher moisture associated with the moisture pool. Sounding analyses showed that the moisture pool reduced or nearly eliminated CIN, lowered the LFC by about 500 m, and increased CAPE by 2.5 times. Thus, these small-scale moisture changes increased the likelihood of convection initiation within the moisture pool by creating a more favorable thermodynamic environment. The results suggest that refractivity data could improve convection initiation forecasts by assessing moisture variability at finer scales than the current observation network.
C1 [Bodine, D.; Palmer, R. D.; Michaud, D.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Bodine, D.; Cheong, B. L.; Palmer, R. D.; Michaud, D.] Univ Oklahoma, Atmospher Radar Res Ctr, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Heinselman, P. L.] NOAA, OAR Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK USA.
RP Bodine, D (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, 120 David L Boren Blvd,Suite 5900, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM bodine@ou.edu
RI Bodine, David/B-5023-2014
FU Radar Operations Center [NA17RJ1227]; National Science Foundation
[ATM0750790]; Raytheon Corporation
FX Funding for this research was provided by the Radar Operations Center
through grant number NA17RJ1227 and the National Science Foundation
through Grant ATM0750790. The first author was supported by an American
Meteorological Society Fellowship sponsored by the Raytheon Corporation.
This manuscript benefited from reviews and discussions with Conrad
Ziegler and Rodger Brown, and reviews from two anonymous reviewers. The
authors thank the Radar Operations Center for maintaining the data flow
from KTLX during the experiment. The authors also thank Mark
Laufersweiler, Kevin Manross, and Travis Smith for their assistance with
data acquisition and computing support.
NR 39
TC 13
Z9 15
U1 3
U2 7
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1558-8424
J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM
JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 49
IS 8
BP 1766
EP 1778
DI 10.1175/2010JAMC2360.1
PG 13
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 646CY
UT WOS:000281514800014
ER
PT J
AU Morris, GA
Komhyr, WD
Hirokawa, J
Flynn, J
Lefer, B
Krotkov, N
Ngan, F
AF Morris, Gary A.
Komhyr, Walter D.
Hirokawa, Jun
Flynn, James
Lefer, Barry
Krotkov, Nicholay
Ngan, Fong
TI A Balloon Sounding Technique for Measuring SO2 Plumes
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID OZONE MONITORING INSTRUMENT; VOLCANIC SULFUR-DIOXIDE; MAPPING
SPECTROMETER; RETRIEVAL; MISSION; GOME; OBJECTIVES; SCIAMACHY;
EMISSIONS; CLOUDS
AB This paper reports on the development of a new technique for inexpensive measurements of SO2 profiles using a modified dual-ozonesonde instrument payload. The presence of SO2 interferes with the standard electrochemical cell (ECC) ozonesonde measurement, resulting in -1 molecule of O-3 reported for each molecule of SO2 present (provided [O-3] > [SO2]). In laboratory tests, an SO2 filter made with CrO3 placed on the inlet side of the sonde removes nearly 100% of the SO2 present for concentrations up to 60 ppbv and remained effective after exposure to 2.8 x 10(16) molecules of SO2 [equivalent to a column similar to 150 DU (1 DU = 2.69 x 10(20) molecules m(-2))]. Flying two ECC instruments on the same payload with one filtered and the other unfiltered yields SO2 profiles, inferred by subtraction. Laboratory tests and field experience suggest an SO2 detection limit of similar to 3 pbb with profiles valid from the surface to the ozonopause [i. e., similar to(8-10 km)]. Two example profiles demonstrate the success of this technique for both volcanic and industrial plumes.
C1 [Morris, Gary A.] Valparaiso Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA.
[Komhyr, Walter D.] EnSci Corp, Boulder, CO USA.
[Hirokawa, Jun] Hokkaido Univ, Fac Environm Earth Sci, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
[Flynn, James; Lefer, Barry] Univ Houston, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Houston, TX USA.
[Krotkov, Nicholay] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, GEST Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA.
[Ngan, Fong] NOAA, Air Resources Lab, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Morris, GA (reprint author), Valparaiso Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 1610 Campus Dr E, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA.
EM gary.morris@valpo.edu
RI Krotkov, Nickolay/E-1541-2012; Hirokawa, Jun/H-8018-2012; Ngan,
Fong/G-1324-2012;
OI Krotkov, Nickolay/0000-0001-6170-6750; Ngan, Fong/0000-0002-7263-7727;
Lefer, Barry/0000-0001-9520-5495
FU NASA; Japan-U.S. Educational Commission
FX Funding for this work was provided by NASA's Aura Validation Program (D.
Considine and E. Hilsentrath, program managers) and by the Japan-U.S.
Educational Commission through a Fulbright Scholar grant. Thanks to the
OMI team for the SO2 data and Hokkaido University and the
Frontier Research Center for Global Change in Yokohama, Japan, for
hosting the lead author of this study, with particular thanks to M.
Fujiwara and F. Hasebe at Hokkaido University for assisting with the
dual-sonde balloon flights from Sapporo, Japan, and to H. Akimoto for
sponsoring my time in Japan. Special thanks also to the students at the
University of Houston, in particular M. Taylor, N. Grossberg, and C.
Haman, who helped with dual-sonde balloon flights and/or preparation of
laboratory equipment for the SO2 filter test at UH and to
Winston Luke for loaning us the SO2 analyzer for the
laboratory test. Thanks to B. Johnson (NOAA/Earth System Research
Laboratory) for preparing the cathode and anode solutions used in this
study, and thanks to Valparaiso University colleague Thomas Goyne and to
the anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments for improving our
manuscript. The authors gratefully acknowledge the NOAA/Air Resources
Laboratory (ARL) for the provision of the HYSPLIT transport and
dispersion model and/or the READY Web site
(http://www.arl.noaa.gov/ready.php) used in this publication.
NR 52
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U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 27
IS 8
BP 1318
EP 1330
DI 10.1175/2010JTECHA1436.1
PG 13
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 641WB
UT WOS:000281160600004
ER
PT J
AU Gopalan, K
Wang, NY
Ferraro, R
Liu, CT
AF Gopalan, Kaushik
Wang, Nai-Yu
Ferraro, Ralph
Liu, Chuntao
TI Status of the TRMM 2A12 Land Precipitation Algorithm
SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PROFILING ALGORITHM; RAINFALL ESTIMATION; RADAR; SSM/I; TMI
AB This paper describes improvements to the Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM) Microwave Imager (TMI) land rainfall algorithm in version 7 (v7) of the TRMM data products. The correlations between rain rates and TMI 85-GHz brightness temperatures (Tb) for convective and stratiform rain are generated using 7 years of collocated TMI and TRMM precipitation radar (PR) data. The TMI algorithm for estimating the convective ratio of rainfall is also modified. This paper highlights both the improvements in the v7 algorithm and the continuing problems with the land rainfall retrievals. It is demonstrated that the proposed changes to the algorithm significantly lower the overestimation by TMI globally and over large sections of central Africa and South America. Also highlighted are the problems with the 2A12 land algorithm that have not been addressed in the version 7 algorithm, such as large regional and seasonal dependence of biases in the TMI rain estimates, and potential changes to the algorithm to resolve these problems are discussed.
C1 [Gopalan, Kaushik; Ferraro, Ralph] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, Cooperat Inst Climate Studies, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Ferraro, Ralph] NOAA, NESDIS, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res STAR, SCSB, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Liu, Chuntao] Univ Utah, Dept Atmospher Sci, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
RP Gopalan, K (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, Cooperat Inst Climate Studies, 5825 Univ Res Ct Ste 4001, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
EM kaushik@umd.edu
RI Ferraro, Ralph/F-5587-2010; Wang, Nai-Yu/E-5303-2016; Measurement,
Global/C-4698-2015;
OI Ferraro, Ralph/0000-0002-8393-7135; Gopalan, Kaushik/0000-0002-7980-6183
FU NASA; NOAA; University of Maryland/Cooperative Institute for Climate
Studies
FX The authors would like to acknowledge Professor Ed Zipser at the
University of Utah for the use of the precipitation feature data base
and the reviewers for making important criticisms and suggestions We are
also grateful for the support from NASA (R. Kakar) and NOAA (C. Miller
and J. Pereira). This work was partially supported through a grant
between NOAA and the University of Maryland/Cooperative Institute for
Climate Studies.
NR 14
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U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0739-0572
J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH
JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 27
IS 8
BP 1343
EP 1354
DI 10.1175/2010JTECHA1454.1
PG 12
WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 641WB
UT WOS:000281160600006
ER
PT J
AU de Szoeke, SP
Fairall, CW
Wolfe, DE
Bariteau, L
Zuidema, P
AF de Szoeke, Simon P.
Fairall, Christopher W.
Wolfe, Daniel E.
Bariteau, Ludovic
Zuidema, Paquita
TI Surface Flux Observations on the Southeastern Tropical Pacific Ocean and
Attribution of SST Errors in Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Models
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODELS; BOUNDARY-LAYER DEPTH; EASTERN PACIFIC;
MICROWAVE RADIOMETERS; SEASONAL CYCLE; HEAT FLUXES; PART I; CLIMATE;
CLOUD; SEA
AB A new dataset synthesizes in situ and remote sensing observations from research ships deployed to the southeastern tropical Pacific stratocumulus region for 7 years in boreal fall. Surface meteorology, turbulent and radiative fluxes, aerosols, cloud properties, and rawinsonde profiles were measured on nine ship transects along 20 degrees S from 75 degrees to 85 degrees W. Fluxes at the ocean surface are essential to the equilibrium SST. Solar radiation is the only warming net heat flux, with 180-200 W m(-2) in boreal fall. The strongest cooling is evaporation (60-100 W m(-2)), followed by net thermal infrared radiation (30 W m(-2)) and sensible heat flux (<10 W m(-2)). The 70 W m(-2) imbalance of heating at the surface reflects the seasonal SST tendency and some 30 W m(-2) cooling that is mostly due to ocean transport.
Coupled models simulate significant SST errors in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean. Three different observation-based gridded ocean surface flux products agree with ship and buoy observations, while fluxes simulated by 15 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 3 [CMIP3; used for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report] general circulation models have relatively large errors. This suggests the gridded observation-based flux datasets are sufficiently accurate for verifying coupled models. Longwave cooling and solar warming are correlated among model simulations, consistent with cloud radiative forcing and low cloud amount differences. In those simulations with excessive solar heating, elevated SST also results in larger evaporation and longwave cooling to compensate for the solar excess. Excessive turbulent heat fluxes (10-90 W m(-2) cooling, mostly evaporation) are the largest errors in simulations once the compensation between solar and longwave radiation is taken into account. In addition to excessive solar warming and evaporation, models simulate too little oceanic residual cooling in the southeastern tropical Pacific Ocean.
C1 [de Szoeke, Simon P.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Fairall, Christopher W.; Wolfe, Daniel E.; Bariteau, Ludovic] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Bariteau, Ludovic] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Zuidema, Paquita] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP de Szoeke, SP (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Coll Ocean & Atmospher Sci, 104 COAS Admin Bldg, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM sdeszoek@coas.oregonstate.edu
RI Zuidema, Paquita/C-9659-2013
OI Zuidema, Paquita/0000-0003-4719-372X
FU U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
FX The U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)'s
Climate Prediction Program for the Americas (CPPA) has supported this
work, including the shipboard observations for the VOCALS regional
experiment. We thank the crew and scientists aboard the NOAA R/V Ronald
H. Brown and the UNOLS R/V Roger Revelle during the research cruises
when we collected these measurements. We thank Sergio Pezoa and Dan
Gottas for their continual development and maintenance of the shipboard
NOAA PSD meteorology and flux measurement systems, and Dr. Peter Minnett
for the use of his microwave radiometer in 2008. MODIS data were
downloaded from the NASA Web site (available at
http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/). We acknowledge the modeling groups, the
Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison (PCMDI), and the
WCRP/CLIVAR Working Group on Coupled Modelling (WGCM) for their roles in
making available the WCRP CMIP3 multimodel dataset. Support of the CMIP3
data set is provided by the Office of Science, U.S. Department of
Energy. Data provided by the Met Office Hadley Centre are under Crown
copyright, 2005.
NR 52
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Z9 38
U1 0
U2 9
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD AUG 1
PY 2010
VL 23
IS 15
BP 4152
EP 4174
DI 10.1175/2010JCLI3411.1
PG 23
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 645WX
UT WOS:000281498000008
ER
PT J
AU Li, YQ
Yang, S
AF Li, Yueqing
Yang, Song
TI A Dynamical Index for the East Asian Winter Monsoon
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID CLIMATE FORECAST SYSTEM; ARCTIC-OSCILLATION; SUMMER MONSOON; PACIFIC;
PREDICTION; CHINA; SEA
AB A new index measuring the East Asian winter monsoon is defined using the mean wind shears of upper-tropospheric zonal wind based on the belief that the physical processes of both higher and lower latitudes, and at both lower and upper troposphere, should be considered to depict the variability of monsoon. When the index is high (low), the westerly jet is strong (weak), the East Asian trough is deep (shallow), the Siberian high is strong (weak), and anomalous low-level northerlies (southerlies) prevail over East Asia. As a result, the surface and lower-tropospheric temperature over East Asia decreases (increases) and the cold surges over Southeast Asia and tropical western Pacific are more (less) active. The index, which exhibits distinct interannual variations, is also strongly correlated with the Arctic Oscillation and Nino-3.4 sea surface temperature (SST) index. Compared to previous indexes, this index takes into account more influencing factors and better elucidates the physical processes associated with monsoon, enhancing interpretations of the variability of monsoon and its effects on regional weather and climate. Furthermore, the monsoon index is significantly linked to antecedent tropical Pacific SST and is highly predictable in the NCEP Climate Forecast System, indicating the advantage of the index for operational predictions of monsoon.
C1 [Yang, Song] NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[Li, Yueqing] China Meteorol Adm, Inst Plateau Meteorol, Chengdu, Peoples R China.
RP Yang, S (reprint author), NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, 5200 Auth Rd,Room 605, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
EM song.yang@noaa.gov
RI Yang, Song/B-4952-2009
FU Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2007DFB20210]; Sichuan
Province of China [2008NG0009]; NOAA-CMA
FX Yueging Li thanks NOAA's Climate Prediction Center for hosting his visit
when this study was conducted. This research was jointly supported by
program 2007DFB20210 from the Ministry of Science and Technology of
China, grant 2008NG0009 from Sichuan Province of China, and the NOAA-CMA
Bilateral Program.
NR 19
TC 44
Z9 55
U1 8
U2 37
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD AUG 1
PY 2010
VL 23
IS 15
BP 4255
EP 4262
DI 10.1175/2010JCLI3375.1
PG 8
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 645WX
UT WOS:000281498000015
ER
PT J
AU Lin, P
Fu, QA
Solomon, S
Wallace, JM
AF Lin, Pu
Fu, Qiang
Solomon, Susan
Wallace, John M.
TI Temperature Trend Patterns in Southern Hemisphere High Latitudes: Novel
Indicators of Stratospheric Change (vol 22, pg 6325, 2009)
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Correction
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; POLAR VORTEX; OZONE DEPLETION; PLANETARY-WAVES;
ANTARCTIC OZONE; ZONAL ASYMMETRY; MODEL; VARIABILITY; EVOLUTION;
DYNAMICS
AB Robust stratospheric temperature trend patterns are suggested in the winter and spring seasons in the Southern Hemisphere high latitudes from the satellite-borne Microwave Sounding Unit (MSU) measurement for 1979-2007. These patterns serve as indicators of key processes governing temperature and ozone changes in the Antarctic. The observed patterns are characterized by cooling and warming regions of comparable magnitudes, with the strongest local trends occurring in September and October. In September, ozone depletion induces radiative cooling, and strengthening of the Brewer-Dobson circulation (BDC) induces dynamical warming. Because the trends induced by these two processes are centered in different locations in September, they do not cancel each other, but rather produce a wavelike structure. In contrast, during October, the ozone-induced radiative cooling and the BDC-induced warming exhibit a more zonally symmetric structure than in September, and hence largely cancel each other. However, the October quasi-stationary planetary wavenumber 1 has shifted eastward from 1979 to 2007, producing a zonal wavenumber-1 trend structure, which dominates the observed temperature trend pattern.
Simulated temperature changes for 1979-2007 from coupled atmosphere ocean general circulation model (AOGCM) experiments run for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report (IPCC AR4) are compared with the observations. In general, the simulated temperature changes are dominated by zonally symmetric ozone-induced radiative cooling. The models fail to simulate the warming in the southern polar stratosphere, implying a lack of the BDC strengthening in these models. They also fail to simulate the quasi-stationary planetary wave changes observed in October and November.
C1 [Lin, Pu; Fu, Qiang; Wallace, John M.] Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Solomon, Susan] NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Lin, P (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, 408 ATG Bldg,Box 351640, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM plin@atmos.washington.edu
FU NASA [NNX08AG91G]; NOAA [NA08OAR4310725]; NSF [0318675]
FX We thank Drs. R. Ueyama, C. M. Johanson, and D. L. Hartmann for useful
discussions. We acknowledge the modeling groups, the Program for Climate
Model Diagnoisis and Intercomparison (PCMDI), and the WCRP's Working
Group on Coupled Modeling (WGCM) for their roles in making available the
WCRP CMIP3 multimodel dataset. Support of this dataset is provided by
the Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy. This work is supported
by NASA Grant NNX08AG91G and NOAA Grant NA08OAR4310725. J. M. Wallace's
participation in this work is funded by NSF Grant 0318675.
NR 53
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Z9 0
U1 1
U2 12
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD AUG 1
PY 2010
VL 23
IS 15
BP 4263
EP 4280
DI 10.1175/2010JCLI3777.1
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 645WX
UT WOS:000281498000017
ER
PT J
AU Romero, MC
Tapella, F
Stevens, B
Buck, CL
AF Romero, M. Carolina
Tapella, Federico
Stevens, Bradley
Buck, C. Loren
TI EFFECTS OF REPRODUCTIVE STAGE AND TEMPERATURE ON RATES OF OXYGEN
CONSUMPTION PARALITHODES PLATYPUS (DECAPODA: ANOMURA)
SO JOURNAL OF CRUSTACEAN BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE blue king crab; brooding cost; oxygen availability; Paralithodes
platypus; respirometry
ID BLUE KING CRAB; PARALOMIS-GRANULOSA CRUSTACEA; EMBRYONIC-DEVELOPMENT;
CHIONOECETES-BAIRDI; BIOCHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; MARINE-INVERTEBRATES;
LITHODES-SANTOLLA; CANCER-SETOSUS; TANNER CRABS; SNOW CRAB
AB Paralithodes platypus is a large decapod that inhabits Alaskan and North Pacific waters. Females exhibit a biennial spawning cycle, requiring two years for production of fully mature oocytes. We used respirometry and video recording to determine: 1) metabolic rates of brooding and post-brooding females, embryos, and larvae at different temperatures, 2) if females exhibit active brood care, 3) oxygen availability within the clutch, and 4) the timing of larval hatching. The rates of oxygen consumption (MO(2)) of brooding females was significantly higher than that of post-brooding females at night, but was similar during the day and increased significantly with temperature. MO(2) of crab embryos did not differ with position in the clutch, whereas MO(2) of zocae averaged 4-fold higher than that of embryos. Larvae from the periphery of the embryo mass, either top or bottom, hatched prior to larvae from the middle of the clutch. Oxygen availability in the embryo mass varied significantly with position in the clutch; saturation was highest at the top (similar to 91%), and lowest at the middle (similar to 66%). Flapping of the pleon in brooding females was coincident with sudden increases in oxygen availability at the bottom of the embryo mass. The percentage of time that brooding females were engaged in flapping of the pleon was 30% higher at night than during the day. Our results address the cost of brooding in a lithodid crab and the effects of temperature on this behavior. The importance of pleonal flapping to ventilation of the embryo mass and alternative hatching mechanisms is discussed.
C1 [Buck, C. Loren] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Fishery Ind Technol Ctr, Kodiak, AK 99615 USA.
[Romero, M. Carolina; Tapella, Federico; Stevens, Bradley] Kodiak Fishery Res Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Kodiak, AK 99615 USA.
RP Romero, MC (reprint author), Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, CADIC, Ctr Austral Invest Cient, Houssay 200,V9410CAB Ushuaia, Tierra Del Fuego, Argentina.
EM carofrau@gmail.com; ftapella@gmail.com; bstevens@umassd.edu;
Loren@uaa.alaska.edu
FU North Pacific Research Board (NPRB) [R0507]; University of Alaska Sea;
Consejo Federal Pesquero; Government of Tierra del Fuego, Argentina;
CONICET [PIP 6187]; ANPCyT [PICT 06-1230]
FX We are thankful to S. Van Sant, S. Persselin, K. Swiney, S. Hanna, S.Y.
El Mejjati and A.H. Haukenes for their help in laboratory assistance,
and to G.A. Lovrich for useful comments of an earlier version of the
manuscript. This research was supported by grant No R0507
from the North Pacific Research Board (NPRB) to C.L.B. and B.G.S. We
also thank to the University of Alaska Sea Grant Program for
supplementary funding. M.C.R. and F.T. thank the Consejo Federal
Pesquero and the Government of Tierra del Fuego, Argentina, for
financing the travel from Ushuaia to Kodiak. Additional fundings from
CONICET-PIP 6187 and ANPCyT PICT 06-1230 are appreciated.
NR 43
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U1 1
U2 11
PU CRUSTACEAN SOC
PI SAN ANTONIO
PA 840 EAST MULBERRY, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78212 USA
SN 0278-0372
J9 J CRUSTACEAN BIOL
JI J. Crustac. Biol.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 30
IS 3
BP 393
EP 400
DI 10.1651/09-3203.1
PG 8
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 613HC
UT WOS:000278969000007
ER
PT J
AU Bresciani, E
Wagner, WC
Navarro, MFL
Dickens, SH
Peters, MC
AF Bresciani, E.
Wagner, W. C.
Navarro, M. F. L.
Dickens, S. H.
Peters, M. C.
TI In vivo Dentin Microhardness beneath a Calcium-Phosphate Cement
SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE dental caries; Knoop hardness; Ca-PO(4) cement; bioactive cement; RCT
ID CARIOUS DENTIN; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; YOUNGS MODULUS; CARIES REMOVAL;
HARDNESS; LESIONS; RESTORATIONS; STRENGTH; VITRO
AB A minimally invasive caries-removal technique preserves potentially repairable, caries-affected dentin. Mineral-releasing cements may promote remineralization of soft residual dentin. This study evaluated the in vivo remineralization capacity of resin-based calcium-phosphate cement (Ca-PO(4)) used for indirect pulp-capping. Permanent carious and sound teeth indicated for extraction were excavated and restored either with or without the Ca-PO(4) base (control), followed by adhesive restoration. Study teeth were extracted after 3 months, followed by sectioning and in vitro microhardness analysis of the cavity floor to 115-mu m depth. Caries-affected dentin that received acid conditioning prior to Ca-PO(4) basing showed significantly increased Knoop hardness near the cavity floor. The non-etched group presented results similar to those of the non-treated group. Acid etching prior to cement application increased microhardness of residual dentin near the interface after 3 months in situ.
C1 [Peters, M. C.] Univ Michigan, Sch Dent, Dept Cariol Restorat Sci & Endodont, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Wagner, W. C.] Univ Detroit Mercy, Sch Dent, Dept Restorat Dent, Detroit, MI 48221 USA.
[Navarro, M. F. L.] Univ Sao Paulo, Bauru Sch Dent, Dept Dent Mat Endodont & Operat Dent, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[Dickens, S. H.] Amer Dent Assoc Fdn, Paffenbarger Res Ctr, Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
RP Peters, MC (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Dent, Dept Cariol Restorat Sci & Endodont, Room 2345,1100 N Univ, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM mcpete@umich.edu
RI Bresciani, Eduardo/C-9461-2012; Navarro, Maria Fidela /D-9498-2012
OI Bresciani, Eduardo/0000-0003-1665-5733;
FU Dentigenix/Ivoclar-Vivadent AG (Schaan, Liechtenstein); U-Michigan;
CAPES, Brazil [BEX3404-8]; NIDCR [DE013298]
FX The authors thank Dr. R. B. Rutherford (U-Washington, Seattle) for
contributing to the study design; Drs. T.J.E. Barata, T.C. Fagundes, and
R.L. Navarro (U-Sao Paulo, Bauru) for their excellent clinical work; and
Kathy Welch (UM-CSCAR) for statistical assistance. This study was
supported by Dentigenix/Ivoclar-Vivadent AG (Schaan, Liechtenstein), by
U-Michigan, and by CAPES #BEX3404-8 (Brazil). Co-author SHD developed
RCPC at the Paffenbarger Research Center, American Dental Association
Foundation. Her research was supported by NIDCR Grant No. DE013298. She
was not involved in data collection or analysis, but contributed to
manuscript writing. Preliminary data were presented at the 2006 Annual
Meeting of the American Association for Dental Research, Orlando, FL,
USA (Abstr #482).
NR 32
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 8
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 0022-0345
J9 J DENT RES
JI J. Dent. Res.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 89
IS 8
BP 836
EP 841
DI 10.1177/0022034510369292
PG 6
WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
GA 629JY
UT WOS:000280194800015
PM 20511564
ER
PT J
AU Carlson, JK
Ribera, MM
Conrath, CL
Heupel, MR
Burgess, GH
AF Carlson, J. K.
Ribera, M. M.
Conrath, C. L.
Heupel, M. R.
Burgess, G. H.
TI Habitat use and movement patterns of bull sharks Carcharhinus leucas
determined using pop-up satellite archival tags
SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE geolocation; habitat utilization; residency
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; GULF-OF-MEXICO; NEGAPRION-BREVIROSTRIS; FLORIDA
ESTUARY; WHITE SHARKS; WHALE SHARKS; GEOLOCATION; MIGRATION; BEHAVIOR;
OCEAN
AB Habitat use, movement and residency of bull sharks Carcharhinus leucas were determined using satellite pop-up archival transmitting (PAT) tags throughout coastal areas in the U.S., Gulf of Mexico and waters off the south-east U.S. From 2005 to 2007, 18 fish (mean size = 164 cm fork length, L(F)) were tagged over all seasons. Fish retained tags for up to 85 days (median = 30 days). Based on geolocation data from initial tagging location to pop-off location, C. leucas generally travelled c. 5-6 km day-1 and travelled an average of 143 center dot 6 km. Overall, mean proportions of time at depth revealed C. leucas spent the majority of their time in waters < 20 m. They exhibited significant differences among depths but were not found at a particular depth regardless of diurnal period. Most fish occupied temperatures c. 32 degrees C with individuals found mostly between 26 and 33 degrees C. Geolocation data for C. leucas were generally poor and varied considerably but tracks for two individuals revealed long distance movements. One fish travelled from the south-east coast of the U.S. to coastal Texas near Galveston while another moved up the east coast of the U.S. to South Carolina. Data on C. leucas movements indicated that they are found primarily in shallower waters and tend to remain in the same location over long periods. While some individuals made large-scale movements over open ocean areas, the results emphasize the importance of the coastal zone for this species as potential essential habitat, particularly in areas of high freshwater inflow.
C1 [Carlson, J. K.; Ribera, M. M.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Panama City, FL 32408 USA.
[Conrath, C. L.; Burgess, G. H.] Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Florida Program Shark Res, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Heupel, M. R.] Mote Marine Lab, Ctr Shark Res, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA.
RP Carlson, JK (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, 3500 Delwood Beach Rd, Panama City, FL 32408 USA.
EM john.carlson@noaa.gov
FU Florida Sea Grant Program; Florida Museum of Natural History; U.S.
Department of Commerce's National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
(NOAA) [NA06 OAR-4170014]
FX NOAA Fisheries Service-Southeast Fisheries Science Center and Highly
Migratory Species Office, the Florida Museum of Natural History,
University of Florida and Mote Marine Laboratory provided staff and
field support funding. Thanks to C. Sasso and S. Epperly for providing
PAT tags during year 1 and N. Thompson and A. Chester for helping with
attaining funds for tags in years 2 and 3. Additional PAT tags were
procured through funding provided by the Florida Sea Grant Program and
the Robert Dorian Research Professorship at the Florida Museum of
Natural History. S. Mathews provided assistance with outfitting PAT tags
for deployment. M. Musyl and D. Kerstetter gave their insight into the
problems associated with PAT tags. D. Bethea, W. Driggers, M. Grace, L.
Hollensead, A. Morgan and M. Press helped with the deployment of PAT
tags. This publication was supported by the National Sea Grant College
Program of the U.S. Department of Commerce's National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Grant No. NA06 OAR-4170014. The views
expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the
view of these organizations.
NR 42
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Z9 32
U1 4
U2 45
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0022-1112
J9 J FISH BIOL
JI J. Fish Biol.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 77
IS 3
BP 661
EP 675
DI 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2010.02707.x
PG 15
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 635GP
UT WOS:000280643900014
PM 20701646
ER
PT J
AU Anderson, EJ
Schwab, DJ
Lang, GA
AF Anderson, Eric J.
Schwab, David J.
Lang, Gregory A.
TI Real-Time Hydraulic and Hydrodynamic Model of the St. Clair River, Lake
St. Clair, Detroit River System
SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING-ASCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Hydrodynamics; Hydraulic models; River systems; Great lakes; Forecasting
ID CIRCULATION; WIND
AB The Huron-Erie Corridor serves as a major waterway in the Great Lakes and is the connecting channel between Lake Huron and Lake Erie. The system consists of the St. Clair River, Lake St. Clair, and the Detroit River, and serves as a recreational waterway, source of drinking water for Detroit and surrounding cities, as well as the only shipping channel to Lakes Huron, Michigan, and Superior. This paper describes a three-dimensional unsteady model of the combined system and its application to real-time predictions of physical conditions over the corridor. The hydrodynamic model produces nowcasts eight times per day and 48 h forecasts twice a day. Comparisons between model simulations and observed values show average differences of 3 cm for water levels and 12 cm/s for along-channel currents in the St. Clair River (compared to mean current values of 1.7 m/s) for the period of September 2007 to August 2008. Simulations reveal a spatially and temporally variable circulation in Lake St. Clair as well as significant changes in flow rate and distribution through the St. Clair Delta not accounted for in previous models.
C1 [Anderson, Eric J.; Schwab, David J.; Lang, Gregory A.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
RP Anderson, EJ (reprint author), NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, 4840 S State Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
RI Schwab, David/B-7498-2012;
OI Anderson, Eric/0000-0001-5342-8383
FU National Research Council
FX The writers would like to thank David Holtschlag of the USGS Michigan
Water Science Center for his significant contributions to the model
presented in this paper. His development of a two-dimensional,
steady-state model of the Huron-Erie Corridor served as the building
block for the operational model calibration and development.
Furthermore, the writers would like to thank Changsheng Chen and the
FVCOM team at the University of Massachusetts for their help with model
setup. This research was performed while Eric J. Anderson held a
National Research Council Research Associateship Award at the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. This is GLERL Publication Number
1542.
NR 26
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 3
U2 17
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0733-9429
J9 J HYDRAUL ENG-ASCE
JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 136
IS 8
BP 507
EP 518
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000203
PG 12
WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Water Resources
GA 626UC
UT WOS:000279991600005
ER
PT J
AU Sharif, HO
Sparks, L
Hassan, AA
Zeitler, J
Xie, HJ
AF Sharif, Hatim O.
Sparks, Leon
Hassan, Almoutaz A.
Zeitler, Jon
Xie, Hongjie
TI Application of a Distributed Hydrologic Model to the November 17, 2004,
Flood of Bull Creek Watershed, Austin, Texas
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE NEXRAD-MPE; Floods; Distributed hydrologic modeling; Precipitation;
Runoff
ID FLASH-FLOOD; PARAMETERS
AB This study presents a hydrologic analysis of a flood event that took place over a small urbanizing watershed in Austin, Texas. The physically based, distributed-parameter gridded surface subsurface hydrologic analysis (GSSHA) hydrologic model was used to simulate the watershed response to a very high-intensity rain event. The hydrologic model was forced by both gauge-observed and multisensor precipitation estimator (MPE) rainfall input. Observed discharge was compared to GSSHA-generated hydrograph under various degrees of representation of the watershed physiography. In addition, simulation hydrographs by GSSHA using five different model grid sizes were compared in order to evaluate the effect of grid size on model predictions. The simulation hydrograph for the model using a 30-m grid cell generally compared well to the observed flow data once the effects of storm water detention were simulated. The comparison of simulation results from models using 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 m grid size highlighted the loss of accuracy as the model grid size is increased. Driving the hydrologic model by data from the two rain gauges existing on the watershed resulted in significant overestimation of the runoff.
C1 [Sharif, Hatim O.; Hassan, Almoutaz A.] Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA.
[Sparks, Leon] Chiang Patel & Yerby Inc, Austin, TX USA.
[Zeitler, Jon] NOAA NWS, Austin San Antonio Weather Forecast Off, New Braunfels, TX USA.
[Xie, Hongjie] Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA.
RP Sharif, HO (reprint author), Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 1 UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA.
RI Sharif, Hatim/E-4426-2010; Xie, Hongjie/B-5845-2009
OI Xie, Hongjie/0000-0003-3516-1210
FU NOAA [NA06NWS4680012]
FX This study was supported in part by a NOAA Grant (Grant No.
NA06NWS4680012). Help from Austin/San Antonio National Weather Service
Weather Forecast Office staff is greatly appreciated. Comments on the
original manuscript by Aaron Byrd of the Engineer Research and
Development Center (ERDC) are sincerely appreciated.
NR 25
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 5
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 1084-0699
J9 J HYDROL ENG
JI J. Hydrol. Eng.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 15
IS 8
BP 651
EP 657
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000228
PG 7
WC Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA 626VT
UT WOS:000279996200006
ER
PT J
AU Wang, H
Fu, R
Kumar, A
Li, WH
AF Wang, Hui
Fu, Rong
Kumar, Arun
Li, Wenhong
TI Intensification of Summer Rainfall Variability in the Southeastern
United States during Recent Decades
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURES; ATLANTIC MULTIDECADAL OSCILLATION; US
PRECIPITATION; NORTH-AMERICAN; GREAT-PLAINS; HEAT WAVES; DROUGHT;
PACIFIC; CLIMATE; ANOMALIES
AB The variability of summer precipitation in the southeastern United States is examined in this study using 60-yr (1948-2007) rainfall data. The Southeast summer rainfalls exhibited higher interannual variability with more intense summer droughts and anomalous wetness in the recent 30 years (1978-2007) than in the prior 30 years (1948-77). Such intensification of summer rainfall variability was consistent with a decrease of light (0.1-1 mm day(-1)) and medium (1-10 mm day(-1)) rainfall events during extremely dry summers and an increase of heavy (>10 mm day(-1)) rainfall events in extremely wet summers. Changes in rainfall variability were also accompanied by a southward shift of the region of maximum zonal wind variability at the jet stream level in the latter period. The covariability between the Southeast summer precipitation and sea surface temperatures (SSTs) is also analyzed using the singular value decomposition (SVD) method. It is shown that the increase of Southeast summer precipitation variability is primarily associated with a higher SST variability across the equatorial Atlantic and also SST warming in the Atlantic.
C1 [Wang, Hui; Kumar, Arun] NOAA, NWS, NCEP, Climate Predict Ctr, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[Wang, Hui] Wyle Informat Syst, Mclean, VA USA.
[Fu, Rong] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Geol Sci, Austin, TX USA.
[Li, Wenhong] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch, Durham, NC USA.
RP Wang, H (reprint author), NOAA, NWS, NCEP, Climate Predict Ctr, 5200 Auth Rd, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
EM hui.wang@noaa.gov
RI Fu, Rong/B-4922-2011; Wang, Hui/B-6516-2008
FU NOAA [GC06-246]
FX This work was supported by the NOAA Climate Prediction Program for the
Americas (CPPA) Grant GC06-246. The NOAA ERSST version 3 data and
NCEP-NCAR reanalysis data are provided by the NOAA/OAR/ESRL/PSD,
Boulder, Colorado, from their Web site (available at
http://www.cdc.noaa.gov). We thank Drs. Douglas Le Comte, Robert E.
Dickinson, and Scott J. Weaver; three anonymous reviewers; and the
editor for their insightful and constructive comments and suggestions.
NR 37
TC 52
Z9 52
U1 1
U2 28
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1525-755X
J9 J HYDROMETEOROL
JI J. Hydrometeorol.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 11
IS 4
BP 1007
EP 1018
DI 10.1175/2010JHM1229.1
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 639EY
UT WOS:000280955600011
ER
PT J
AU Lehman, JH
Hurst, KE
Singh, G
Mansfield, E
Perkins, JD
Cromer, CL
AF Lehman, John H.
Hurst, Katherine E.
Singh, Gurpreet
Mansfield, Elisabeth
Perkins, John D.
Cromer, Christopher L.
TI Core-shell composite of SiCN and multiwalled carbon nanotubes from
toluene dispersion
SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Letter
C1 [Lehman, John H.; Mansfield, Elisabeth; Cromer, Christopher L.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Hurst, Katherine E.; Perkins, John D.] Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Singh, Gurpreet] Kansas State Univ, Mech & Nucl Engn Dept, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
RP Lehman, JH (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM lehman@boulder.nist.gov
RI Mansfield, Elisabeth/C-5258-2012; Singh, Gurpreet/J-9083-2012
OI Mansfield, Elisabeth/0000-0003-2463-0966;
NR 11
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 16
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0022-2461
J9 J MATER SCI
JI J. Mater. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 45
IS 15
BP 4251
EP 4254
DI 10.1007/s10853-010-4611-4
PG 4
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Materials Science
GA 608JO
UT WOS:000278580100040
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, A
Hess, KW
Aikman, F
AF Zhang, A.
Hess, K. W.
Aikman, F., III
TI User-based skill assessment techniques for operational hydrodynamic
forecast systems
SO JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID COUPLED BIOLOGICAL/PHYSICAL MODELS; MARINE SYSTEMS; FORMULATION
AB NOAA's National Ocean Service (NOS) applies hydrodynamic models for the development, transition and implementation of operational forecast systems in US estuaries, ports, lakes and the coastal ocean. These models and systems have applications in the support of safe and efficient marine navigation and emergency response, as well as marine geospatial and ecological applications. As part of the forecast system development, skill assessment is required to evaluate each model system. A forecast model has to be ensured that it has been developed and implemented in a scientifically sound and operationally robust way, and its performance should meet or exceed target benchmarks before its products are approved for release to the public.
This paper discusses a new approach for the development of standards and procedures for skill assessment of operational forecast systems, which are designed primarily to support marine transportation and emergency response. Accordingly, this skill assessment focuses on variables, statistics and targets that are of the most use to these communities. The components of skill assessment include: data analysis techniques. definition of model run scenarios and statistical variables, and NOS target values and acceptance criteria. In addition, a large suite of skill assessment software has been developed to compute the new skill assessment scores using data files containing modelled variables and observed data. This software ingests model forecasts and observational data, fills in gaps, creates time series, extracts skill-specific parameters, and computes the skill scores. The software has been tested and applied to all NOS operational forecast systems
C1 [Zhang, A.] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Coast Survey Dev Lab, Ctr Operat Oceanog Prod & Serv, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Aikman, F., III] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Coast Survey Dev Lab, Marine Modeling & Anal Programs, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Hess, K. W.] NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Coast Survey Dev Lab, Fields Numer Circulat Modelling & Environm Foreca, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Zhang, A (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Coast Survey Dev Lab, Ctr Operat Oceanog Prod & Serv, Silver Spring, MD USA.
NR 45
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 4
PU INST MARINE ENGINEERING, SCI & TECHNOL
PI LONDON
PA 80 COLEMAN ST, LONDON EC2R 5BJ, ENGLAND
SN 1755-876X
J9 J OPER OCEANOGR
JI J. Oper. Oceanogr.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 3
IS 2
BP 11
EP 24
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography
GA 646VH
UT WOS:000281570800003
ER
PT J
AU Abdulagatova, ZZ
Abdulagatov, IM
Emirov, SN
AF Abdulagatova, Zumrud Z.
Abdulagatov, Ilmutdin M.
Emirov, Subkhanverdi N.
TI Effect of pressure, temperature, and oil-saturation on the thermal
conductivity of sandstone up to 250 MPa and 520 K
SO JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE heat transfer; high pressure; porous rocks; thermal conductivity;
transport processes; sandstone
ID POROUS-MEDIA; HEAT-FLOW; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; TRANSIENT TECHNIQUE;
CRYSTALLINE QUARTZ; SEDIMENTARY-ROCKS; SINGLE-CRYSTAL; FUSED QUARTZ;
FLASH METHOD; DIFFUSIVITY
AB Effective thermal conductivity (ETC) of oil-saturated sandstone (porosity 13%) have been measured over a temperature range from (288 to 520)K and at pressures up to 250 MPa with a steady-state parallel-plate apparatus. The expanded uncertainty of thermal conductivity, pressure, and temperature measurements at the 95% confidence level with a coverage factor of k = 2 were estimated to be 2%, 0.05%, and 30 mK, respectively. The estimated uncertainty in ETC measurement does not include the uncertainty due to contact thermal resistance and radiative conductivity. A rapid increase of ETC was found for oil-saturated sandstone at low pressures between (0.1 and 100) MPa along various isotherms. At high pressures (P > 100 MPa) a weak linear dependence of the ETC with pressure was observed. The pressure effect is negligible small after the first 100 MPa where bridging of microcracks or improvement of grain contacts take place. The temperature, (partial derivative ln lambda/partial derivative T)(P), and pressure, (partial derivative ln lambda/partial derivative P)(T), coefficients for oil-saturated sandstone were calculated by using the measured ETC. We interpreted measured ETC data for oil-saturated sandstone using various theoretical models in order to check their accuracy, predictive capability, and applicability. We demonstrated that the combined effect of porosity, temperature, pressure, and fluid saturation can be predicted accurately using a Zimmerman's model. The effect of saturating fluids, structure (size, shape, and distribution of the pores), porosity, and mineralogical composition on temperature and pressure dependences of the ETC of oil-saturated sandstone was discussed. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Abdulagatova, Zumrud Z.; Abdulagatov, Ilmutdin M.; Emirov, Subkhanverdi N.] Russian Acad Sci, Dagestan Sci Ctr, Geothermal Res Inst, Makhachkala 367003, Dagestan, Russia.
RP Abdulagatov, IM (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Thermophys Properties Div, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
EM ilmutdin@boulder.nist.gov
NR 133
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 13
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0920-4105
J9 J PETROL SCI ENG
JI J. Pet. Sci. Eng.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 73
IS 1-2
BP 141
EP 155
DI 10.1016/j.petrol.2010.05.016
PG 15
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Petroleum
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 638JF
UT WOS:000280889800016
ER
PT J
AU Brandt, P
Hormann, V
Kortzinger, A
Visbeck, M
Krahmann, G
Stramma, L
Lumpkin, R
Schmid, C
AF Brandt, Peter
Hormann, Verena
Koertzinger, Arne
Visbeck, Martin
Krahmann, Gerd
Stramma, Lothar
Lumpkin, Rick
Schmid, Claudia
TI Changes in the Ventilation of the Oxygen Minimum Zone of the Tropical
North Atlantic
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID OCEAN; WATER; THERMOCLINE; CIRCULATION; PYCNOCLINE; TRACER; FLUXES;
MODEL; JETS; GYRE
AB Changes in the ventilation of the oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) of the tropical North Atlantic are studied using oceanographic data from 18 research cruises carried out between 28.5 degrees and 23 degrees W during 1999-2008 as well as historical data referring to the period 1972-85. In the core of the OMZ at about 400-m depth, a highly significant oxygen decrease of about 15 mu mol kg(-1) is found between the two periods. During the same time interval, the salinity at the oxygen minimum increased by about 0.1. Above the core of the OMZ, within the central water layer, oxygen decreased too, but salinity changed only slightly or even decreased. The scatter in the local oxygen-salinity relations decreased from the earlier to the later period suggesting a reduced filamentation due to mesoscale eddies and/or zonal jets acting on the background gradients. Here it is suggested that latitudinally alternating zonal jets with observed amplitudes of a few centimeters per second in the depth range of the OMZ contribute to the ventilation of the OMZ. A conceptual model of the ventilation of the OMZ is used to corroborate the hypothesis that changes in the strength of zonal jets affect mean oxygen levels in the OMZ. According to the model, a weakening of zonal jets, which is in general agreement with observed hydrographic evidences, is associated with a reduction of the mean oxygen levels that could significantly contribute to the observed deoxygenation of the North Atlantic OMZ.
C1 [Brandt, Peter; Hormann, Verena; Koertzinger, Arne; Visbeck, Martin; Krahmann, Gerd; Stramma, Lothar] IFM GEOMAR, Leibniz Inst Meereswissensch, D-24105 Kiel, Germany.
[Lumpkin, Rick; Schmid, Claudia] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Phys Oceanog Div, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Brandt, P (reprint author), IFM GEOMAR, Leibniz Inst Meereswissensch, Dusternbrooker Weg 20, D-24105 Kiel, Germany.
EM pbrandt@ifm-geomar.de
RI Visbeck, Martin/G-2461-2011; Brandt, Peter/C-8254-2013; Lumpkin,
Rick/C-9615-2009; Kortzinger, Arne/A-4141-2014; Schmid,
Claudia/D-5875-2013; Visbeck, Martin/B-6541-2016
OI Visbeck, Martin/0000-0002-0844-834X; Brandt, Peter/0000-0002-9235-955X;
Lumpkin, Rick/0000-0002-6690-1704; Kortzinger, Arne/0000-0002-8181-3593;
Schmid, Claudia/0000-0003-2132-4736; Visbeck, Martin/0000-0002-0844-834X
FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [Sonderforschungsbereich 754]; German
Federal Ministry of Education and Research
FX We thank Carsten Eden and Marcus Dengler for helpful discussions. This
study was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft as part of
the Sonderforschungsbereich 754 "Climate-Biogeochemistry Interactions in
the Tropical Ocean" and by the German Federal Ministry of Education and
Research as part of the cooperative project "Nordatlantik."
NR 47
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 4
U2 41
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-3670
EI 1520-0485
J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR
JI J. Phys. Oceanogr.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 40
IS 8
BP 1784
EP 1801
DI 10.1175/2010JPO4301.1
PG 18
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 646ET
UT WOS:000281520800007
ER
PT J
AU Kimmel, DG
Boicourt, WC
Pierson, JJ
Roman, MR
Zhang, XS
AF Kimmel, David G.
Boicourt, William C.
Pierson, James J.
Roman, Michael R.
Zhang, Xinsheng
TI The vertical distribution and diel variability of mesozooplankton
biomass, abundance and size in response to hypoxia in the northern Gulf
of Mexico USA
SO JOURNAL OF PLANKTON RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID OPTICAL PLANKTON COUNTER; OXYGEN-MINIMUM-ZONE; ANCHOVIES ANCHOA SPP.;
CHESAPEAKE BAY; CALANOID COPEPODS; ZOOPLANKTON; MIGRATION;
EUTROPHICATION; CONSEQUENCES; ECOSYSTEM
AB The biological response of mesozooplankton (250-2000 mu m size range) to hypoxia in the northern Gulf of Mexico was investigated using an optical plankton counter (OPC) and a high-capacity pump. We sampled the water column in an area with the most persistent occurrence of hypoxia every 4 h for a 24-h period in both years. The amount of hypoxic bottom water differed between 2006 and 2007, with 2006 having more widespread bottom hypoxia than 2007. Large-sized mesozooplankton (>1000 mu m) were more abundant in 2006 and were found in greater abundance and biomass in hypoxic water. Small- (250-500 mu m) and mid-sized (500-1000 mu m) mesozooplankton showed did l variability, but did not appear to respond to hypoxia. The opposite pattern was observed in 2007, where smaller-sized mesozooplankton were dominant and did l variability in this size class was not detected, whereas large- and mid-sized mesozooplankton did show evidence of did l variability in 2007. Using a vital staining technique (neutral red), we found a significantly higher proportion of stained mesozooplankton in oxic, surface waters compared with deep, hypoxic waters. These findings show that mesozooplankton vertical and did distributions differed between a year with widespread, bottom hypoxia and a year with a thin layer of hypoxic water. It remains unclear as to what is driving these size differences, the direct impact of hypoxia on mesozooplankton individual or egg mortality differential predation in the water column or other factors such as more nutrient input related to increases in zooplankton production.
C1 [Kimmel, David G.; Boicourt, William C.; Pierson, James J.; Roman, Michael R.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Horn Point Lab, Cambridge, MD 21613 USA.
[Zhang, Xinsheng] Natl Oceanog & Atmospher Adm, Cooperat Oxford Lab, Oxford, MD 21654 USA.
RP Kimmel, DG (reprint author), E Carolina Univ, Inst Coastal Sci & Policy, Dept Biol, Greenville, NC 27858 USA.
EM kimmeld@ecu.edu
RI Kimmel, David/A-9643-2012; Pierson, James/B-7278-2008; roman,
michael/F-9425-2013
OI Kimmel, David/0000-0001-7232-7801; Pierson, James/0000-0002-5248-5850;
FU NOAA [NA06NOS4780148]
FX This work was supported by NOAA Award NA06NOS4780148 to W.C.B., D.G.K.
and M.R.R. This is NGOMEX contribution #129. This is UMCES contribution
#4372.
NR 60
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 29
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0142-7873
J9 J PLANKTON RES
JI J. Plankton Res.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 32
IS 8
BP 1185
EP 1202
DI 10.1093/plankt/fbp136
PG 18
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 634EL
UT WOS:000280562300007
ER
PT J
AU Leverone, JR
Geiger, SP
Stephenson, SP
Arnold, WS
AF Leverone, Jay R.
Geiger, Stephen P.
Stephenson, Sarah P.
Arnold, William S.
TI INCREASE IN BAY SCALLOP (ARGOPECTEN IRRADIANS) POPULATIONS FOLLOWING
RELEASES OF COMPETENT LARVAE IN TWO WEST FLORIDA ESTUARIES
SO JOURNAL OF SHELLFISH RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE bay scallops; Argopecten irradians; restoration; population dynamics;
larvae; recruitment; Florida
ID SHELLFISH RESTORATION; COASTAL WATERS; STRATEGIES; RECRUITMENT; RIVER;
USA; ENHANCEMENT; MORTALITY; FISHERY; LAMARCK
AB We propose the release of ready-to-set pediveliger larvae as a restoration strategy for bivalve shellfish. In this study, bay scallop (Argopecten irradians) larvae were released within two West Florida estuaries (Pine Island Sound and Boca Ciega Bay) currently closed to scallop harvest and where local scallop populations are severely depleted relative to historical abundances. Populations in both estuaries appear to have limited larval supply and show no tendency toward natural recovery after decades of decline. Larvae were either released into enclosures or free released on four separate dates in each estuary. On a given day we used 1, 2, 3, or 4 enclosures per site; multiple release sites; and multiple releases within a year. Assessments were made via several methods, including larval recruitment to collectors, juvenile quadrat surveys, adult timed surveys, and adult transect surveys. In Pine Island Sound, following the initial larval releases in 2003, an isolated recovery in adult scallops was observed at the release site in 2004 followed by a massive resurgence in the local population in 2005. This population declined dramatically in 2006, however, and had completely collapsed by 2007. In Boca Ciega Bay, the series of larval releases did not immediately produce any detectable scallop patches, but the combined releases did immediately precede a population resurgence to levels greater than had been observed in the past three decades. Scallop abundance increased 10-fold at 10 stations in Boca Ciega Bay from 2007 to 2008. In both Pine Island Sound and Boca Ciega Bay, the increases in scallop populations were probably the result of successful survival, growth, and reproduction of the released larvae, followed by successful recruitment and growth of the subsequent generation.
C1 [Geiger, Stephen P.; Stephenson, Sarah P.] Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Leverone, Jay R.] Sarasota Bay Estuary Program, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA.
[Arnold, William S.] NOAA, SE Reg Off, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
RP Geiger, SP (reprint author), Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, 100 8th Ave SE, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
EM Steve.Geiger@MyFWC.com
FU Charlotte Harbor National Estuary Program; South Florida Water
Management District; Mote Scientific Foundation; National Fish and
Wildlife Foundation [2005-0003-004, 2007-0089-003]; Florida Saltwater
Fishing License, Disney Worldwide Conservation Fund [MML-08-02]; Ocean
Trust [OT-2005-05]
FX The authors thank Curtis D. Hemmel of Bay Shellfish Company for
shellfish production; Melanie Parker, Janessa Cobb, Mark Gambordella,
Anthony Vasilis, and Michael Drexler, from Florida Fish and Wildlife
Research Institute; Peter Clark and Chris Sutton from Tampa Bay Watch;
Jaime Greenawalt-Boswell, A. J. Martignette, Brad Klement, Lauren
Linsmayer, Justin Spinelli and Jonathan Guinn from Sanibel Captiva
Conservation Foundation; Kendra Willett, Susan White, Lisa Vormwald,
Andrew Thornton, Cheryl Parrott, Christie Sampson, and Yurie Aitken from
J.N. "Ding" Darling National Wildlife Refuge; and Catherine Corbett from
Charlotte Harbor National Estuary Program. Funding was provided by
Charlotte Harbor National Estuary Program, South Florida Water
Management District, Mote Scientific Foundation, National Fish and
Wildlife Foundation (Pinellas County Environmental Fund: 2005-0003-004,
2007-0089-003), Florida Saltwater Fishing License, Disney Worldwide
Conservation Fund (MML-08-02), and Ocean Trust (OT-2005-05). Judy
Colvocoresses, Jim Quinn, Janet Ley, and Sarah Walters provided valuable
editorial comments to earlier drafts of this manuscript.
NR 37
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 9
PU NATL SHELLFISHERIES ASSOC
PI GROTON
PA C/O DR. SANDRA E. SHUMWAY, UNIV CONNECTICUT, 1080 SHENNECOSSETT RD,
GROTON, CT 06340 USA
SN 0730-8000
J9 J SHELLFISH RES
JI J. Shellfish Res.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 29
IS 2
BP 395
EP 406
DI 10.2983/035.029.0216
PG 12
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 632UY
UT WOS:000280455700016
ER
PT J
AU Deangelis, BM
Cooper, R
Clancy, M
Cooper, C
Angell, T
Olszewski, S
Colburn, W
Catena, J
AF Deangelis, Bryan M.
Cooper, Richard
Clancy, Michael
Cooper, Christopher
Angell, Thomas
Olszewski, Scott
Colburn, Warren (Ted)
Catena, John
TI IMPACTS OF V-NOTCHING THE AMERICAN LOBSTER
SO JOURNAL OF SHELLFISH RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE v-notch; lobster; North Cape; oil spill; Homarus americanus
ID EPIZOOTIC SHELL DISEASE; HOMARUS-AMERICANUS; WATERS
AB Little information exists on the effects of lobsters that have been v-notched. To help analyze the results of the North Cape restoration program, which released 1.248 million v-notched females, a controlled v-notching laboratory experiment was conducted to determine whether mortality, shell disease, and the rate of notch loss differed between groups of notched and unnotched lobsters. Results from a 2-y tank study indicate that v-notching did not have a significant negative impact on survival or disease susceptibility. After the first molt since being v-notched, 97% of lobsters were harvestable (according to southern New England lobster management definitions at the time of the restoration effort); 59% of lobsters had v-notches less than 6.35 mm (1/4 in); and 84% of the lobsters exhibited visual setal hairs in the notch. Digital images of v-notches were analyzed to examine repair rate of v-notches per molt. Notches were examined in relation to 2 v-notch depths that have been considered by southern New England lobster fishery managers: 6.35 mm (1/4 in) and 3.18 mm (1/8 in). Of lobsters that molted once, the mean and median v-notch depth was less than 6.35 mm (1/4 in). All of them still had v-notches greater than 3.18 mm (1/8 in). Of the lobsters that molted twice, 100% had v-notches less than 6.35 mm (1/4 in), whereas only the 25(th) percentile had v-notches less than 3.18 mm (1/8 in).
C1 [Deangelis, Bryan M.] NOAA, Restorat Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Narragansett Lab, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
[Cooper, Richard] Univ Connecticut, Groton, CT 06340 USA.
[Clancy, Michael] Eastern Connecticut State Univ, Willimantic, CT 06226 USA.
[Cooper, Richard; Cooper, Christopher; Colburn, Warren (Ted)] Ocean Technol Fdn, Mystic, CT 06355 USA.
[Angell, Thomas; Olszewski, Scott] Rhode Isl Dept Environm Management, Jamestown, RI 02835 USA.
[Catena, John] NOAA, Restorat Ctr, Gloucester, MA 01930 USA.
RP Deangelis, BM (reprint author), NOAA, Restorat Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Narragansett Lab, 28 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
EM Bryan.DeAngelis@noaa.gov
NR 27
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 11
PU NATL SHELLFISHERIES ASSOC
PI GROTON
PA C/O DR. SANDRA E. SHUMWAY, UNIV CONNECTICUT, 1080 SHENNECOSSETT RD,
GROTON, CT 06340 USA
SN 0730-8000
EI 1943-6319
J9 J SHELLFISH RES
JI J. Shellfish Res.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 29
IS 2
BP 489
EP 496
DI 10.2983/035.029.0227
PG 8
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 632UY
UT WOS:000280455700027
ER
PT J
AU Soler, T
Smith, D
AF Soler, Tomas
Smith, Dru
TI Rigorous Estimation of Local Accuracies
SO JOURNAL OF SURVEYING ENGINEERING-ASCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Land surveying; Adjustment of data; Local accuracies
AB This technical note introduces a rigorous calculation of "local accuracies." The term local accuracies refers to the relative error between two arbitrary points (uncertainty of one point with respect to the other), expressed in a local horizon three-dimensional reference frame (e,n,u), that were connected using any geodetic-surveying methodology [optical procedures, global positioning system (GPS), etc.]. It is calculated as a function of the full global Cartesian variance-covariance matrix of the (x,y,z) coordinates of the points defining the spatial network.
C1 [Soler, Tomas; Smith, Dru] NOAA, NOS, Natl Geodet Survey, Spatial Reference Syst Div, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Soler, T (reprint author), NOAA, NOS, Natl Geodet Survey, Spatial Reference Syst Div, 1315 E-W Hwy, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM Tom.Soler@noaa.gov; Dru.Smith@noaa.gov
RI Soler, Tomas/F-6386-2010
NR 7
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0733-9453
J9 J SURV ENG-ASCE
JI J. Surv. Eng.-ASCE
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 136
IS 3
BP 120
EP 125
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)SU.1943-5428.0000023
PG 6
WC Engineering, Civil
SC Engineering
GA 626UH
UT WOS:000279992100004
ER
PT J
AU Li, XP
AF Li, Xiaopeng
TI Interpolating Surface Gravity Data for Assessing the Accuracy of a
Ground Inertial Navigation System/Global Positioning System Gravimetric
System
SO JOURNAL OF SURVEYING ENGINEERING-ASCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Gravity; INS; GPS; Interpolation; LSC; Multi-quadrics
AB High-resolution gravity data are efficiently collected by using a ground-vehicle-based inertial navigation system/global positioning system (INS/GPS) gravimetric system due to its closeness to the terrain and relatively speedy process. Previous studies have shown that this system has better than 1 mGal repeatability. However, the validation of the absolute precision is limited by the availability of ground control data and the selected interpolation method. Careful comparisons of the gravity estimates with independent ground control are necessary to arrive at a better knowledge of the system's precision. First, several interpolation schemes are designed to interpolate the control data to known values along the ground tracks. The computation results show that the least square collocation method provides the most accurate interpolates of the surface data set, while the three-dimensional multi-quadrics method works well after applying the terrain correction. The best-estimated control data used have better than 3 mGal precision agreement with the wave-correlated gravity estimates obtained at the tracks of the INS/GPS gravimetric system.
C1 [Li, Xiaopeng] Ohio State Univ, Sch Earth Sci, Div Geodesy & Geospatial Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
RP Li, XP (reprint author), NOAA, NOS, Natl Geodet Survey, 1315 E-W Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM Xiaopeng.Li@noaa.gov
RI Li, Xiaopeng/A-8468-2009
NR 14
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 5
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0733-9453
J9 J SURV ENG-ASCE
JI J. Surv. Eng.-ASCE
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 136
IS 3
BP 139
EP 146
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)SU.1943-5428.0000025
PG 8
WC Engineering, Civil
SC Engineering
GA 626UH
UT WOS:000279992100007
ER
PT J
AU Godin, OA
AF Godin, Oleg A.
TI Cross-correlation function of acoustic fields generated by random
high-frequency sources
SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID AMBIENT SEISMIC NOISE; GREENS-FUNCTION; THERMAL FLUCTUATIONS; OCEAN
CURRENTS; DIFFUSE FIELDS; WAVES; EMERGENCE; INTERFEROMETRY; TOMOGRAPHY;
RETRIEVAL
AB Long-range correlations of noise fields in arbitrary inhomogeneous, moving or motionless fluids are studied in the ray approximation. Using the stationary phase method, two-point cross-correlation function of noise is shown to approximate the sum of the deterministic Green's functions describing sound propagation in opposite directions between the two points. Explicit relations between amplitudes of respective ray arrivals in the noise cross-correlation function and the Green's functions are obtained and verified against specific problems allowing an exact solution. Earlier results are extended by simultaneously accounting for sound absorption, arbitrary distribution of noise sources in a volume and on surfaces, and fluid inhomogeneity and motion. The information content of the noise cross-correlation function is discussed from the viewpoint of passive acoustic characterization of inhomogeneous flows. (C) 2010 Acoustical Society of America. [DOI: 10.1121/ 1.3458815]
C1 [Godin, Oleg A.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Godin, Oleg A.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, DSRC, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Godin, OA (reprint author), Univ Colorado, CIRES, Mail Code R PSD99,325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM Oleg.Godin@noaa.gov
RI Godin, Oleg/E-6554-2011
OI Godin, Oleg/0000-0003-4599-2149
FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-08-1-0100]
FX This work was supported in part by the Office of Naval Research through
Grant No. N00014-08-1-0100. Discussions with M. Charnotskii, V. G.
Irisov, and R. I. Weaver and helpful comments by anonymous referees are
gratefully acknowledged.
NR 36
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 3
PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA
SN 0001-4966
J9 J ACOUST SOC AM
JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 128
IS 2
BP 600
EP 610
DI 10.1121/1.3458815
PG 11
WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
GA 636UY
UT WOS:000280769800013
PM 20707429
ER
PT J
AU Thompson, M
Sessions, J
Boston, K
Skaugset, A
Tomberlin, D
AF Thompson, Matthew
Sessions, John
Boston, Kevin
Skaugset, Arne
Tomberlin, David
TI Forest Road Erosion Control Using Multiobjective Optimization1
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE sediment; water policy; optimization; nonpoint source pollution; point
source pollution
ID OBJECTIVE GENETIC ALGORITHMS; NATURAL-RESOURCE MANAGEMENT;
DECISION-ANALYSIS; SEDIMENT PRODUCTION; HARVEST; WILDLIFE; MODEL;
DEACTIVATION; WATERSHEDS; STRATEGIES
AB Forest roads are associated with accelerated erosion and can be a major source of sediment delivery to streams, which can degrade aquatic habitat. Controlling road-related erosion therefore remains an important issue for forest stewardship. Managers are faced with the task to develop efficient road management strategies to achieve conflicting environmental and economic goals. This manuscript uses mathematical programming techniques to identify the efficient frontier between sediment reduction and treatment costs. Information on the nature of the tradeoffs between conflicting objectives can give the decision maker more insight into the problem, and help in reaching a suitable compromise solution. This approach avoids difficulties associated with a priori establishment of targets for sediment reduction, preferences between competing objectives, and mechanisms to scale noncommensurate objectives. Computational results demonstrate the utility of this multiobjective optimization approach, which should facilitate tradeoff analysis and ideally promote efficient erosion control on forest roads.
C1 [Thompson, Matthew] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Missoula, MT 59801 USA.
[Sessions, John; Boston, Kevin; Skaugset, Arne] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Engn Resources & Management, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Tomberlin, David] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Thompson, M (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, POB 7669, Missoula, MT 59801 USA.
EM mpthompson02@fs.fed.us
NR 71
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 5
U2 7
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1093-474X
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 46
IS 4
BP 712
EP 723
DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00443.x
PG 12
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA 631ON
UT WOS:000280357300006
ER
PT J
AU Pollock, MM
Beechie, TJ
AF Pollock, Michael M.
Beechie, Timothy J.
TI Reply to Discussion1-by George Ice, George Brown, John Gravelle, C.
Rhett Jackson, Jeff Light, Timothy Link, Douglas Martin, Dale McGreer,
and Arne Skaugset2 "Stream Temperature Relationships to Forest Harvest
in Western Washington"3
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID DEBRIS FLOWS; REACHES; OREGON
AB Pollock, Michael M. and Timothy J. Beechie, 2010. Reply to Discussion -"Stream Temperature Relationships to Forest Harvest in Western Washington" by George Ice, George Brown, John Gravelle, C. Rhett Jackson, Jeff Light, Timothy Link, Douglas Martin, Dale McGreer, and Arne Skaugset. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 46(4): 843-847. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00456.x.
C1 [Pollock, Michael M.; Beechie, Timothy J.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Pollock, MM (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM michael.pollock@noaa.gov
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 4
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1093-474X
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 46
IS 4
BP 843
EP 847
DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00456.x
PG 5
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA 631ON
UT WOS:000280357300016
ER
PT J
AU Pratt, KA
Heymsfield, AJ
Twohy, CH
Murphy, SM
DeMott, PJ
Hudson, JG
Subramanian, R
Wang, ZE
Seinfeld, JH
Prather, KA
AF Pratt, Kerri A.
Heymsfield, Andrew J.
Twohy, Cynthia H.
Murphy, Shane M.
DeMott, Paul J.
Hudson, James G.
Subramanian, R.
Wang, Zhien
Seinfeld, John H.
Prather, Kimberly A.
TI In Situ Chemical Characterization of Aged Biomass-Burning Aerosols
Impacting Cold Wave Clouds
SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID COUNTERFLOW VIRTUAL IMPACTOR; HOMOGENEOUS ICE NUCLEATION;
MASS-SPECTROMETER; SOUTHERN AFRICA; ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS; CONDENSATION
NUCLEI; ORGANIC AEROSOLS; SOOT AEROSOLS; INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION; SIZE
DISTRIBUTIONS
AB During the Ice in Clouds Experiment Layer Clouds (ICE-L), aged biomass-burning particles were identified within two orographic wave cloud regions over Wyoming using single-particle mass spectrometry and electron microscopy. Using a suite of instrumentation, particle chemistry was characterized in tandem with cloud microphysics. The aged biomass-burning particles comprised similar to 30%-40% by number of the 0.1-1.0-mu m clear-air particles and were composed of potassium, organic carbon, elemental carbon, and sulfate. Aerosol mass spectrometry measurements suggested these cloud-processed particles were predominantly sulfate by mass. The first cloud region sampled was characterized by primarily homogeneously nucleated ice particles formed at temperatures near -40 degrees C. The second cloud period was characterized by high cloud droplet concentrations (similar to 150-300 cm(-3)) and lower heterogeneously nucleated ice concentrations (7-18 L-1) at cloud temperatures of -24 degrees to -25 degrees C. As expected for the observed particle chemistry and dynamics of the observed wave clouds, few significant differences were observed between the clear-air particles and cloud residues. However, suggestive of a possible heterogeneous nucleation mechanism within the first cloud region, ice residues showed enrichments in the number fractions of soot and mass fractions of black carbon, measured by a single-particle mass spectrometer and a single-particle soot photometer, respectively. In addition, enrichment of biomass-burning particles internally mixed with oxalic acid in both the homogeneously nucleated ice and cloud droplets compared to clear air suggests either preferential activation as cloud condensation nuclei or aqueous phase cloud processing.
C1 [Pratt, Kerri A.; Prather, Kimberly A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Heymsfield, Andrew J.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Twohy, Cynthia H.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Murphy, Shane M.; Seinfeld, John H.] CALTECH, Div Chem & Chem Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Murphy, Shane M.] NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[DeMott, Paul J.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Hudson, James G.] Univ Nevada, Desert Res Inst, Div Atmospher Sci, Reno, NV 89506 USA.
[Subramanian, R.] Droplet Measurement Technol, Boulder, CO USA.
[Wang, Zhien] Univ Wyoming, Dept Atmospher Sci, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Prather, Kimberly A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RP Prather, KA (reprint author), 9500 Gilman Dr,M-C 0314, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM kprather@ucsd.edu
RI Pratt, Kerri/F-8025-2010; DeMott, Paul/C-4389-2011; Heymsfield,
Andrew/E-7340-2011; Wang, Zhien/F-4857-2011; Subramanian, R/A-4913-2013;
Prather, Kimberly/A-3892-2008
OI Pratt, Kerri/0000-0003-4707-2290; DeMott, Paul/0000-0002-3719-1889;
Subramanian, R/0000-0002-5553-5913; Prather,
Kimberly/0000-0003-3048-9890
FU NSF [ATM-0650659, ATM-0340832, ATM-0612605, ATM-0611936, ATM-0615414,
ATM-0631919, ATM-0645644]; NCAR; NASA; A-ATOFMS [ATM-0321362]
FX NSF and NCAR are acknowledged for financial support of the ICE-L field
campaign, as well as the work of A. J. Heymsfield. K. A. Pratt and K. A.
Prather acknowledge NSF for support of ICE-L (ATM-0650659), A-ATOFMS
development (ATM-0321362), and a graduate research fellowship for K. A.
Pratt. S. M. Murphy and J. H. Seinfeld acknowledge NSF for support of
ICE-L (ATM-0340832) and NASA for an Earth and Space Sciences Fellowship
for S. M. Murphy. C. H. Twohy, P. J. DeMott, J. G. Hudson, R.
Subramanian, and Z. Wang acknowledge NSF for ICE-L support (ATM-0612605,
ATM-0611936, ATM-0615414, ATM-0631919, and ATM-0645644, respectively).
CVI sampling was performed by Rich Cageo. STEM-EDX analysis was
completed by Traci Lersch (RJ Lee Group, Inc.). Jeffrey R. French and
Samuel Haimov (University of Wyoming) assisted with lidar and radar
data. Teresa Campos (NCAR) provided carbon monoxide and TDL hygrometer
data. Cloud probe data were provided by NCAR/EOL under the sponsorship
of NSF (http://data.eol.ucar.edu).
NR 94
TC 26
Z9 28
U1 1
U2 35
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0022-4928
EI 1520-0469
J9 J ATMOS SCI
JI J. Atmos. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 67
IS 8
BP 2451
EP 2468
DI 10.1175/2010JAS3330.1
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 645WY
UT WOS:000281498100003
ER
PT J
AU Yeung, C
Yang, MS
McConnaughey, RA
AF Yeung, Cynthia
Yang, Mei-Sun
McConnaughey, Robert A.
TI Polychaete assemblages in the south-eastern Bering Sea: linkage with
groundfish distribution and diet
SO JOURNAL OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION OF THE UNITED KINGDOM
LA English
DT Article
DE benthic habitat; flatfish; infauna; prey; sediment; spatial association;
Polychaeta; community structure
ID CANONICAL CORRESPONDENCE-ANALYSIS; DEMERSAL FISH; ENVIRONMENTAL
GRADIENTS; TAXONOMIC RESOLUTION; BENTHIC COMMUNITY; FEEDING-HABITS;
CHUKCHI SEAS; SHELF; BAY; SEDIMENTS
AB Ecological information on the polychaete community may improve habitat descriptions and distribution models of commercially important species that are polychaete-feeders. This study reports on the first new observations in nearly three decades on the polychaete assemblages in the south-eastern Bering Sea. This information was used in an exploratory assessment of the association between polychaete assemblages and environmental variables that define the benthic habitat. The spatial association between polychaete assemblages and groundfish predators was also explored for insight into whether prey assemblages influence predator distribution. Canonical Correspondence analysis indicates that surficial sediment is the most important factor in organizing polychaete assemblages, over other common environmental variables such as depth and temperature. Co-correspondence analysis of the distributions of groundfish species and polychaete families does not indicate that predators are associated with specific prey families. Families that are most frequent in stomach contents of some of the fish in the analysis, mainly Maldanidae and Nephtyidae, are widely distributed across the Bering Sea shelf in diverse sediment types, as are the principal polychaete-feeders in the eastern Bering Sea such as Alaska plaice (Pleuronectes quadrituberculatus) and northern rock sole (Lepidopsetta polyxystra).
C1 [Yeung, Cynthia; Yang, Mei-Sun; McConnaughey, Robert A.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Yeung, C (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM cynthia.yeung@noaa.gov
NR 55
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 16
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0025-3154
J9 J MAR BIOL ASSOC UK
JI J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 90
IS 5
BP 903
EP 917
DI 10.1017/S002531541000024X
PG 15
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 634GL
UT WOS:000280568300006
ER
PT J
AU Carrion-Cortez, JA
Zarate, P
Seminoff, JA
AF Carrion-Cortez, Javier A.
Zarate, Patricia
Seminoff, Jeffrey A.
TI Feeding ecology of the green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas) in the
Galapagos Islands
SO JOURNAL OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION OF THE UNITED KINGDOM
LA English
DT Article
DE eastern Pacific Ocean; black turtle; Chelonia mydas; diet; Galapagos
Marine Reserve; spatial variation
ID BAJA-CALIFORNIA; AMBLYRHYNCHUS-CRISTATUS; HAWAIIAN-ISLANDS;
CARETTA-CARETTA; BAHIA MAGDALENA; MARINE IGUANAS; HABITAT USE; MEXICO;
DIET; DIGESTIBILITY
AB The Galapagos Islands are among the most important nesting areas for the green sea turtle, Chelonia mydas, in the eastern Pacific Ocean. In addition, the coastal waters of this oceanic archipelago host many important feeding areas for this species, although little is known about green turtle feeding ecology at these sites. The goal of this study was to identify and quantify the most important items in the diet of the green turtle at the foraging grounds of Bahia Elizabeth, Caleta Derek and Punta Nunez. Our analysis was based on 65 oesophageal samples from turtles captured in 2006 and 2007. We compared spatial and seasonal composition of diet using non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis (MDS) and analysis of similarity (ANOSIM). Green turtle diet was composed mainly of the algae species Ulva lactuca, Polysiphonia sp., Hypnea sp. and Dictyota sp., and the red mangrove Rhizophora mangle. Turtles also consumed animal matter, mainly cnidarians, albeit to a lesser extent. Content of turtle diets was different among feeding grounds and seasons. The ANOSIM showed that diet composition can differ between foraging grounds using presence/absence of diet items. Even though U. lactuca was the most abundant algae consumed in both seasons, changes in species richness of algae were found between both sampling events, with diet during the warm season more varied than the cold season (X(2) = 16.84, df = 6; P < 0.05).
C1 [Carrion-Cortez, Javier A.; Zarate, Patricia] Charles Darwin Fdn, Santa Cruz, Galapagos Isl, Ecuador.
[Carrion-Cortez, Javier A.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador.
[Seminoff, Jeffrey A.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NOAA, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Carrion-Cortez, JA (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Baja California Sur, Dept Biol Marina, Apartado Postal 19B, La Paz 23080, Mexico.
EM jcarrion@uabcs.mx
FU NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science
Center, La Julla, California, USA
FX This work was possible thanks to the logistic support of the Charles
Darwin Foundation (FCD), the monitoring permission given by the
Galapagos National Park Service (PNG) and the economic support of the
NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service. A special thank you goes to the
volunteers who helped in field work. We gratefully acknowledge Peter
Dunn for his sage advice and continual support of our research. Thanks
to R. Pepolas and J. Delgado for their support during the Punta Nunez
field trips, and to A. Harris for her assistance in algae
identification. S. Ron, L. Coloma, T. DeVries, R. Riosmena-Rodriguez, D.
Sage, I. Chapa, J. Rodriguez, L. Vinueza, J. Alvarado and C. Fernandez
gave valuable contribution to enhance the research and in many ways to
improve the paper. This work was supported by the NOAA National Marine
Fisheries Service, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, La Julla,
California, USA.
NR 70
TC 21
Z9 24
U1 2
U2 40
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0025-3154
J9 J MAR BIOL ASSOC UK
JI J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 90
IS 5
BP 1005
EP 1013
DI 10.1017/S0025315410000226
PG 9
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 634GL
UT WOS:000280568300017
ER
PT J
AU Laurel, BJ
Copeman, LA
Hurst, TP
Parrish, CC
AF Laurel, Benjamin J.
Copeman, Louise A.
Hurst, Thomas P.
Parrish, Christopher C.
TI The ecological significance of lipid/fatty acid synthesis in developing
eggs and newly hatched larvae of Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus)
SO MARINE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID YOLK-SAC LARVAE; HALIBUT HIPPOGLOSSUS-HIPPOGLOSSUS; FREE AMINO-ACIDS;
PHYSIOLOGICAL ENERGETICS; VERTICAL-DISTRIBUTION; DEVELOPING EMBRYOS;
CARASSIUS-AURATUS; LIPID-COMPOSITION; TELEOST FISH; EARLY GROWTH
AB The lipid/fatty acid composition of marine fish eggs and larvae is linked with buoyancy regulation, but our understanding of such processes is largely restricted to species with pelagic eggs. In this study, we examined developmental changes in the lipid/fatty acids of eggs and embryos of Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus), a species that spawns demersal eggs along coastal shelf edges, but as larvae must make a rapid transition to the upper reaches of the water column. Adult Pacific cod were collected in the Gulf of Alaska during the spawning season and eggs of two females were artificially fertilized with sperm from three males for each female. The eggs were subsequently reared in the laboratory to determine (1) how lipids/fatty acids were catabolized during egg and larval development, and (2) whether lipid/fatty acid catabolism had measurable effects on egg/embryo density. Eggs incubated at 4A degrees C began hatching after 3-weeks and continued to hatch over a 10-day period, during which there was a distinct shift in lipid classes (phospholipids (PL), triacyglycerols (TAG), and sterols (ST)) and essential fatty acids (EFAs: 22:6n-3 (DHA), 20:5n-3 (EPA), and 20:4n-6 (AA)). In the egg stage, total lipid content steadily decreased during the first 60% of development, but just prior to hatch we observed an unexpected 2-3-fold lipid increase (similar to 6-9 mu g individual(-1)) and a significant drop in egg density. The increase in lipids was largely driven by PL, with evidence of long-chained fatty acid synthesis. Late-hatching larvae had progressively decreasing lipid and fatty acid reserves, suggesting a shift from lipogenesis to lipid catabolism with continued larval development. Egg density measures suggest that lipid/fatty acid composition is linked to buoyancy regulation as larvae shift from a demersal to a pelagic existence following hatch. The biochemical pathway by which Pacific cod are apparently able to synthesize EFAs is unknown, therefore representing a remarkable finding meriting further investigation.
C1 [Laurel, Benjamin J.; Copeman, Louise A.; Hurst, Thomas P.] NOAA, Fisheries Behav Ecol Program, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv,Hatfield Marine Sci Ct, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Parrish, Christopher C.] Mem Univ Newfoundland, Ctr Ocean Sci, Logy Bay, NF A1C 5S7, Canada.
RP Laurel, BJ (reprint author), NOAA, Fisheries Behav Ecol Program, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv,Hatfield Marine Sci Ct, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
EM ben.laurel@noaa.gov
RI Hurst, Thomas/N-1401-2013
FU North Pacific Research Board (NPRB) [R0605]
FX This project was supported in part with funding from the North Pacific
Research Board (NPRB) grant #R0605. We thank Drs. Allan Stoner and
Michael Davis for reviewing earlier drafts of this manuscript. Thanks
also to Scott Haines, Paul Iseri and Michele Ottmar for providing
assistance in the laboratory. Brian Knoth and Alisa Abookire assisted
with egg collections in the field. Boat charters were kindly provided by
Tim Tripp aboard the F/V Miss O. Thanks finally to J. Wells for the
patient assistance and laboratory analysis of lipid classes and fatty
acids. This manuscript is NPRB Publication # 245.
NR 39
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 2
U2 28
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0025-3162
J9 MAR BIOL
JI Mar. Biol.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 157
IS 8
BP 1713
EP 1724
DI 10.1007/s00227-010-1445-1
PG 12
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 624RF
UT WOS:000279836900005
ER
PT J
AU Goshe, LR
Avens, L
Scharf, FS
Southwood, AL
AF Goshe, Lisa R.
Avens, Larisa
Scharf, Frederick S.
Southwood, Amanda L.
TI Estimation of age at maturation and growth of Atlantic green turtles
(Chelonia mydas) using skeletochronology
SO MARINE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID LOGGERHEAD SEA-TURTLES; CARETTA-CARETTA; SOMATIC GROWTH; LIFE-HISTORY;
COSTA-RICA; RATES; WILD; FLORIDA; VALIDATION; SIZE
AB Despite the vast amount of research on threatened and endangered green turtle populations, some uncertainty regarding stage durations, growth rates, and age at maturation remains. We used skeletochronology to address this gap in knowledge for green turtle populations in the North Atlantic Ocean that use coastal waters along the southeastern U.S. as developmental habitat. Oceanic stage duration was estimated at 1-7 years ((X) over bar = 3 years). Several growth models, including von Bertalanffy, logistic, Gompertz, and power functions were evaluated for describing sex-specific length-at-age data. Ages at maturation estimated using mean size at nesting for females from each genetic sub-population contributing juveniles to this neritic foraging area were 44 years (Florida), 42.5 years (Costa Rica), and 42 years (Mexico), which were higher than previously reported ages. This implies that nesting populations comprising primarily individuals utilizing foraging grounds in the southeastern U.S. may take longer to recover than previously estimated.
C1 [Goshe, Lisa R.; Avens, Larisa] NOAA Fisheries, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Beaufort Lab, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
[Scharf, Frederick S.; Southwood, Amanda L.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol & Marine Biol, Wilmington, NC 28403 USA.
RP Goshe, LR (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Beaufort Lab, 101 Pivers Isl Rd, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
EM Lisa.Goshe@noaa.gov
NR 69
TC 35
Z9 37
U1 3
U2 22
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 0025-3162
EI 1432-1793
J9 MAR BIOL
JI Mar. Biol.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 157
IS 8
BP 1725
EP 1740
DI 10.1007/s00227-010-1446-0
PG 16
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 624RF
UT WOS:000279836900006
ER
PT J
AU Eguchi, T
Seminoff, JA
LeRoux, RA
Dutton, PH
Dutton, DL
AF Eguchi, Tomoharu
Seminoff, Jeffrey A.
LeRoux, Robin A.
Dutton, Peter H.
Dutton, Donna L.
TI Abundance and survival rates of green turtles in an urban environment:
coexistence of humans and an endangered species
SO MARINE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID GREAT-BARRIER-REEF; WARM-WATER REFUGES; CHELONIA-MYDAS;
CAPTURE-RECAPTURE; LEATHERBACK TURTLE; FLORIDA MANATEES;
BAJA-CALIFORNIA; MARINE TURTLES; ROBUST DESIGN; SEA-TURTLES
AB Longitudinal capture-mark-recapture data were used to estimate abundance and survival rates for green turtles (Chelonia mydas) in San Diego Bay, California, USA. These turtles were closely associated with warm effluent from a power plant during winter months. The life stage distribution of green turtles in the bay ranged from post-pelagic juveniles to adults (44.0-110.4 cm straight carapace length). During 99 capture sessions between December 2, 1990, and March 25, 2009, 96 individual green turtles were caught. To estimate abundance and survival rates, robust-design mark-recapture models were fitted to capture-recapture histories using software MARK. The estimated annual survival rate was 0.861 (SE = 0.147, 95% CI = 0.356-0.986), whereas annual abundance ranged from 16 (SE = 6.3, 95% CI = 4-29) to 61 (SE = 13.2, 95% CI = 36-88). This study provides the first survival rate and abundance estimates for a green turtle foraging population in the highly industrialized San Diego Bay.
C1 [Eguchi, Tomoharu; Seminoff, Jeffrey A.; LeRoux, Robin A.; Dutton, Peter H.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Dutton, Donna L.] Ocean Planet Res Inc, San Diego, CA 92131 USA.
RP Eguchi, T (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 3333 N Torrey Pines Ct, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM tomo.eguchi@noaa.gov
FU San Diego Fish and Wildlife Commission; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service;
Hubbs-Sea World Research Institute; San Diego State University;
NOAA-Fisheries
FX Data collections were supported by Elyse Bixby, Marilyn Dudley, Amy
Frey, Luana Galver, Lauren Hansen, Lauren Hess, Stephen Johnson, Amy
Jue, Erin LaCasella, Vicki Pease, Dan Prosperi, Suzanne Roden, and
numerous other volunteers over the years. We thank George Balazs for
providing tags and advise. Tom Liebst of Dynergy, Don Waller and Kent
Miles of San Diego Gas and Electric, and Eileen Maher of the Unified
Port of San Diego helped with site access. Funding and other resources
were provided by the San Diego Fish and Wildlife Commission, the U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service, Hubbs-Sea World Research Institute, San Diego
State University, and NOAA-Fisheries. Dr. Jim Hines kindly ran RDSURVIV
on our data. Amanda Karch helped literature search and editing of an
earlier version of the manuscript. The manuscript was improved by
comments from Dr. Eric Archer, Dr. Kelly Stewart, and two anonymous
reviewers. The research was conducted under the NMFS Scientific Research
Permit 697, 988, 1297, and 1591, and California Department of Fish and
Game Permit 0411.
NR 52
TC 21
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 27
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0025-3162
J9 MAR BIOL
JI Mar. Biol.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 157
IS 8
BP 1869
EP 1877
DI 10.1007/s00227-010-1458-9
PG 9
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 624RF
UT WOS:000279836900017
ER
PT J
AU Arambula, E
Garboczi, EJ
Masad, E
Kassem, E
AF Arambula, Edith
Garboczi, Edward J.
Masad, Eyad
Kassem, Emad
TI Numerical analysis of moisture vapor diffusion in asphalt mixtures using
digital images
SO MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
LA English
DT Article
DE Asphalt mixture; Effective diffusion coefficient; Moisture vapor
diffusion; Moisture damage; Moisture transport; X-ray computed
tomography
ID RAY COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; MIXES; WATER
AB The presence of moisture in asphalt mixtures is detrimental to their performance, e.g., softening the asphalt binder and weakening the aggregate-binder bond. One of the mechanisms of moisture transport, and the focus of this study, is molecular diffusion. Moisture diffusion occurs in response to a concentration gradient. The objective of this study was to estimate the diffusion coefficient of moisture vapor in asphalt mixtures by using finite element (FE) and finite difference (FD) numerical algorithms that employ digital images to discretize the composite. X-ray computed tomography was used to characterize the microstructure of laboratory-prepared specimens and provide the required three-dimensional digital images, which were segmented into three phases: air voids, a mixture of asphalt binder and the fine aggregate fraction, and coarse aggregates. Individual diffusion coefficients were assigned to each phase and the effective diffusion coefficient for the composite was computed using the numerical algorithms. The outcome was compared against experimental values. The effective diffusion coefficient for the asphalt mixtures obtained using the FD method showed closer agreement with the experimental data, while the FE results overestimated the experimental measurements in all cases.
C1 [Arambula, Edith] Appl Res Associates Inc, Elkridge, MD 21075 USA.
[Garboczi, Edward J.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Inorgan Mat Grp, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Masad, Eyad; Kassem, Emad] Texas A&M Univ, Zachry Dept Civil Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
RP Arambula, E (reprint author), Appl Res Associates Inc, Elkridge, MD 21075 USA.
EM editham@exatec.itesm.mx
FU National Science Foundation [CMS-0420494, CMS-0315564]
FX Eyad Masad would like to acknowledge the National Science Foundation
funding through grants CMS-0420494 and CMS-0315564. The authors extend
their gratitude to Ernest Bastian Jr., Dale P. Bentz, and Richard
Meininger for their valuable comments.; This research was performed
while Edith Arambula held a National Research Council Research
Associateship Award at the Federal Highway Administration
Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center.
NR 45
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 12
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1359-5997
J9 MATER STRUCT
JI Mater. Struct.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 43
IS 7
BP 897
EP 911
DI 10.1617/s11527-009-9554-3
PG 15
WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Materials Science
GA 620CS
UT WOS:000279477200001
ER
PT J
AU Bendersky, LA
Wang, K
Boettinger, WJ
Newbury, DE
Young, K
Chao, B
AF Bendersky, L. A.
Wang, K.
Boettinger, W. J.
Newbury, D. E.
Young, K.
Chao, B.
TI Examination of Multiphase (Zr,Ti)(V,Cr,Mn,Ni)(2) Ni-MH Electrode Alloys:
Part II. Solid-State Transformation of the Interdendritic B2 Phase
SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND
MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; HYDROGENATION PROPERTIES; HYDRIDE
ELECTRODES; ZR; ZR7NI10; MARTENSITE; ZIRCONIUM; CRYSTALS; NI11ZR9;
NICKEL
AB Solidification microstructure of multicomponent (Zr,Ti)-Ni-(V,Cr,Mn,Co) alloys intended for use as negative electrodes in Ni-metal hydride (Ni-MH) batteries was studied in Part I of this series of articles. Part II of the series examines the complex internal structure of the interdendritic grains formed by solid-state transformation and believed to play an important role in the electrochemical charge/discharge characteristics of the overall alloy composition. By studying one alloy, Zr21Ti12.5V10Cr5.5Mn5.1Co5.0Ni40.2Al0.5Sn0.3, it is shown that the interdendritic grains solidify as a B2 (Ti,Zr)(44)(Ni,TM)(56) phase, and then undergo transformation to Zr7Ni10-type, Zr9Ni11-type, and martensitic phases. The transformations obey orientation relationships between the high-temperature B2 phase and the low-temperature Zr-Ni-type intermetallics, and consequently lead to a multivariant structure. The major orientation relationship for the orthorhombic Zr7Ni10 type is [011](Zr7Ni10)//[001](B2); (100)(Zr7Ni10)//(100)(B2). The orientation relationship for the tetragonal Zr9Ni11 type is [001](Zr9Ni11)//[001](B2); (130)(Zr9Ni11)//(100)(B2). Binary Ni-Zr and ternary Ti-Ni-Zr phase diagrams were used to rationalize the formation of the observed domain structure.
C1 [Bendersky, L. A.; Wang, K.; Boettinger, W. J.] NIST, Div Met, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Newbury, D. E.] NIST, Surface & Microanal Sci Div, Chem Sci & Stand Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Young, K.; Chao, B.] Energy Convers Devices Inc, Rochester Hills, MI 48309 USA.
RP Bendersky, LA (reprint author), NIST, Div Met, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM wboettinger@nist.gov
RI Wang, Ke/C-8021-2011
NR 38
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 8
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1073-5623
J9 METALL MATER TRANS A
JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 41A
IS 8
BP 1891
EP 1906
DI 10.1007/s11661-010-0240-4
PG 16
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 614UZ
UT WOS:000279086600004
ER
PT J
AU Boettinger, WJ
Newbury, DE
Wang, K
Bendersky, LA
Chiu, C
Kattner, UR
Young, K
Chao, B
AF Boettinger, W. J.
Newbury, D. E.
Wang, K.
Bendersky, L. A.
Chiu, C.
Kattner, U. R.
Young, K.
Chao, B.
TI Examination of Multiphase (Zr,Ti)(V,Cr,Mn,Ni)(2) Ni-MH Electrode Alloys:
Part I. Dendritic Solidification Structure
SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND
MATERIALS SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID HYDROGEN-STORAGE ALLOYS; LAVES-PHASE ALLOYS; ZR-BASED ALLOYS;
ELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; ANNEALING TREATMENT; INTERMETALLIC
COMPOUNDS; NEGATIVE ELECTRODES; HYDRIDE ELECTRODES; NI/MH BATTERIES;
STABILITY
AB The solidification microstructures of three nine-element Zr-Ni-based AB(2) type C14/C15 Laves hydrogen storage alloys are determined. The selected compositions represent a class of alloys being examined for usage as an MH electrode in nickel metal-hydride batteries that often have their best properties in the cast state. Solidification is accomplished by dendritic growth of hexagonal C14 Laves phase, peritectic solidification of cubic C15 Laves phase, and formation of cubic B2 phase in the interdendritic regions. The B2 phase decomposes in the solid state into a complex multivariate platelike structure containing Zr-Ni-rich intermetallics. The observed sequence C14/C15 upon solidification agrees with predictions using effective compositions and thermodynamic assessments of the ternary systems, Ni-Cr-Zr and Cr-Ti-Zr. Experimentally, the closeness of the compositions of the C14 and C15 phases required the use of compositional mapping with an energy dispersive detector capable of processing a very high X-ray flux to locate regions in the microstructure for quantitative composition measurement and transmission electron microscope examination.
C1 [Boettinger, W. J.; Wang, K.; Bendersky, L. A.; Chiu, C.; Kattner, U. R.] NIST, Div Met, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Newbury, D. E.] NIST, Surface & Microanal Sci Div, Chem Sci & Stand Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Young, K.; Chao, B.] Energy Convers Devices Inc, Rochester Hills, MI 48309 USA.
RP Boettinger, WJ (reprint author), NIST, Div Met, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM wboettinger@nist.gov
RI Wang, Ke/C-8021-2011
NR 53
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1073-5623
J9 METALL MATER TRANS A
JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 41A
IS 8
BP 2033
EP 2047
DI 10.1007/s11661-010-0237-z
PG 15
WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical
Engineering
SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
GA 614UZ
UT WOS:000279086600018
ER
PT J
AU Li, ZG
Shaw, PS
Arp, U
Gibson, CE
Yoon, HW
Lykke, KR
AF Li, Zhigang
Shaw, Ping-Shine
Arp, Uwe
Gibson, Charles E.
Yoon, Howard W.
Lykke, Keith R.
TI Long-term monitoring of the ultraviolet irradiance scale at the facility
for irradiance calibration using synchrotrons
SO METROLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
ID SPECTRAL IRRADIANCE; SURF-III; RADIATION; RADIOMETRY; RADIANCE; NM
AB In 2004, the National Institute of Standards and Technology established the ultraviolet spectral irradiance scale from 200 nm to 400 nm using the calculable irradiance of the Synchrotron Ultraviolet Radiation Facility (SURF). Since the establishment of the scale, spectral irradiance calibrations of many customer lamps have been performed in direct comparison with synchrotron radiation. However, to ensure long-term stability of the scale, three check-standard deuterium lamps were calibrated using SURF III at the same time as customer lamps were being calibrated. Here, we present the results of the long-term monitoring of the scale using these check-standard lamps to ensure customer lamps are calibrated within the expanded calibration uncertainty (k = 2) of 1.2%.
C1 [Li, Zhigang; Shaw, Ping-Shine; Arp, Uwe; Gibson, Charles E.; Yoon, Howard W.; Lykke, Keith R.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Li, ZG (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
FU SURF III
FX The authors would like to sincerely acknowledge Mitchell Furst, Alex
Farrell and Edward Hagley for their constant support at SURF III.
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0026-1394
J9 METROLOGIA
JI Metrologia
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 47
IS 4
BP 429
EP 434
DI 10.1088/0026-1394/47/4/008
PG 6
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 629JG
UT WOS:000280191800009
ER
PT J
AU Wang, CM
Iyer, HK
AF Wang, C. M.
Iyer, Hari K.
TI On interchangeability of two laboratories
SO METROLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
ID INDIVIDUAL BIOEQUIVALENCE; FIDUCIAL APPROACH; UNCERTAINTIES;
EQUIVALENCE; POPULATION; VALUES; TESTS
AB This paper proposes a measure for assessing the equivalence between the results of two laboratories. The measure is called asymmetric interchangeability. It is asymmetric since, based on this measure, one laboratory may be considered interchangeable with another laboratory but the converse may not be true. Such a situation can arise when the accuracy and precision of one laboratory are noticeably greater than that of the other. The proposed measure of interchangeability depends on the parameters of the measurement models, which include means, variances and the correlation of the two laboratories being compared. Since the level of correlation is often difficult to assess, it is assumed to be zero in this paper. Fiducial procedures are presented for testing the hypothesis that a laboratory is directionally interchangeable with another. The procedure is based on comparing a probability measure, which is shown to be closely related to asymmetric interchangeability, with an agreed threshold. Computer programs for calculating the p-value of the tests, written by use of open-source software, are listed.
C1 [Wang, C. M.; Iyer, Hari K.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Stat Engn Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Iyer, Hari K.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Stat, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Wang, CM (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Stat Engn Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM jwang@boulder.nist.gov
NR 16
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0026-1394
J9 METROLOGIA
JI Metrologia
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 47
IS 4
BP 435
EP 443
DI 10.1088/0026-1394/47/4/009
PG 9
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 629JG
UT WOS:000280191800010
ER
PT J
AU Reed, DA
Powell, MD
Westerman, JM
AF Reed, Dorothy A.
Powell, Mark D.
Westerman, Julie M.
TI Energy Infrastructure Damage Analysis for Hurricane Rita
SO NATURAL HAZARDS REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
DE Electric power outages; Disaster recovery; Hurricanes; Resilience;
Restoration
ID SURFACE WIND FIELDS; ANDREW LANDFALL; SOUTH FLORIDA; SYSTEM
AB In 2005, Hurricane Rita caused significant damage to the energy infrastructure in the Gulf of Mexico region. In the context of this investigation, the "energy infrastructure" refers to the offshore oil platforms, refineries, and gasoline supply stations in the region, often referred to as the "petroleum infrastructure," the natural gas supply lines, and the delivery of electric power. In this paper, we examine the structural damage to the networks as defined by restoration, resilience, and fragility with a focus on the analysis of the electric power delivery disruptions. Our concern is not on the evaluation of risk, but rather to provide those who assess hurricane risk with relevant structural damage prediction models. We provide correlations of hurricane wind speed data with outages. We conclude that high winds alone can create significant damage to the energy infrastructure system.
C1 [Reed, Dorothy A.; Westerman, Julie M.] Univ Washington, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Powell, Mark D.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Hurricane Res Div, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Reed, DA (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Campus Box 352700, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM reed@u.washington.edu; mark.powell@noaa.gov; jwesterm@u.washington.edu
RI Powell, Mark/I-4963-2013
OI Powell, Mark/0000-0002-4890-8945
NR 27
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 14
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 1527-6988
J9 NAT HAZARDS REV
JI Nat. Hazards Rev.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 11
IS 3
BP 102
EP 109
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)NH.1527-6996.0000012
PG 8
WC Engineering, Civil; Environmental Studies; Geosciences,
Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources
GA 814CU
UT WOS:000294424200003
ER
PT J
AU Han, WQ
Meehl, GA
Rajagopalan, B
Fasullo, JT
Hu, AX
Lin, JL
Large, WG
Wang, JW
Quan, XW
Trenary, LL
Wallcraft, A
Shinoda, T
Yeager, S
AF Han, Weiqing
Meehl, Gerald A.
Rajagopalan, Balaji
Fasullo, John T.
Hu, Aixue
Lin, Jialin
Large, William G.
Wang, Jih-wang
Quan, Xiao-Wei
Trenary, Laurie L.
Wallcraft, Alan
Shinoda, Toshiaki
Yeager, Stephen
TI Patterns of Indian Ocean sea-level change in a warming climate
SO NATURE GEOSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID RISE; SURFACE; TRENDS
AB Global sea level has risen during the past decades as a result of thermal expansion of the warming ocean and freshwater addition from melting continental ice(1). However, sea-level rise is not globally uniform(1-5). Regional sea levels can be affected by changes in atmospheric or oceanic circulation. As long-term observational records are scarce, regional changes in sea level in the Indian Ocean are poorly constrained. Yet estimates of future sea-level changes are essential for effective risk assessment(2). Here we combine in situ and satellite observations of Indian Ocean sea level with climate-model simulations, to identify a distinct spatial pattern of sea-level rise since the 1960s. We find that sea level has decreased substantially in the south tropical Indian Ocean whereas it has increased elsewhere. This pattern is driven by changing surface winds associated with a combined invigoration of the Indian Ocean Hadley and Walker cells, patterns of atmospheric overturning circulation in the north-south and east-west direction, respectively, which is partly attributable to rising levels of atmospheric greenhouse gases. We conclude that-if ongoing anthropogenic warming dominates natural variability-the pattern we detected is likely to persist and to increase the environmental stress on some coasts and islands in the Indian Ocean.
C1 [Han, Weiqing; Wang, Jih-wang; Trenary, Laurie L.] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Meehl, Gerald A.; Fasullo, John T.; Hu, Aixue; Large, William G.; Yeager, Stephen] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Climate & Global Dynam Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Rajagopalan, Balaji] Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Lin, Jialin] Ohio State Univ, Dept Geog, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Quan, Xiao-Wei] Univ Colorado, CIRES, ESRL NOAA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Wallcraft, Alan; Shinoda, Toshiaki] USN, Res Lab, Stennis Space Ctr, MS 39529 USA.
RP Han, WQ (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, UCB 311, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM whan@enso.colorado.edu
RI Rajagopalan, Balaji/A-5383-2013; Hu, Aixue/E-1063-2013; Shinoda,
Toshiaki/J-3745-2016;
OI Rajagopalan, Balaji/0000-0002-6883-7240; Hu, Aixue/0000-0002-1337-287X;
Shinoda, Toshiaki/0000-0003-1416-2206; FASULLO, JOHN/0000-0003-1216-892X
FU CCR/NCAR; NSF [OCE 0847605]; NASA [NNX08AR62G, NNX07AKG82G]; Office of
Science (BER), US Department of Energy [DE-FC02 97ER62402]
FX This work was completed when W.H. was on sabbatical leave at NCAR. She
thanks CCR/NCAR for providing partial summer salary support. Thanks also
go to K. Trenberth, A.Timmermann, C.Deser and A.Dai for their insightful
comments and stimulating discussions. W.H., J-W.W. and L.L.T. are
supported by NSF CAREER award OCE 0847605 and NASA OSTST award
NNX08AR62G. Portions of this study were supported by the Office of
Science (BER), US Department of Energy, Cooperative Agreement No.
DE-FC02 97ER62402, and the National Science Foundation. NCAR is
sponsored by the National Science Foundation. J.T.F's participation is
sponsored by NASA Award No. NNX07AKG82G. We thank NCAR CISL for
computational support.
NR 27
TC 73
Z9 75
U1 3
U2 29
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1752-0894
J9 NAT GEOSCI
JI Nat. Geosci.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 3
IS 8
BP 546
EP 550
DI 10.1038/ngeo901
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 645NK
UT WOS:000281467500014
ER
PT J
AU Bahabad, A
Murnane, MM
Kapteyn, HC
AF Bahabad, Alon
Murnane, Margaret M.
Kapteyn, Henry C.
TI Quasi-phase-matching of momentum and energy in nonlinear optical
processes
SO NATURE PHOTONICS
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-HARMONIC-GENERATION; PHOTONIC CRYSTALS; LIGHT; BEAMS; SINGLE;
STATES
AB Quasi-phase-matching is an important technique in nonlinear optics and is in widespread use. It not only makes efficient frequency conversion possible, but also enables diverse applications such as beam and pulse shaping, multi-harmonic generation, high harmonic generation, all-optical processing and the generation of entangled photons. However, since its introduction in the early 1960s at the dawn of nonlinear optics, quasi-phase-matching has always been considered a technique in which a purely spatial modulation mitigates the momentum mismatch that dispersion imposes on the interacting photons. Here, we present an important and fundamental generalization of quasi-phase-matching in which spatiotemporal nonlinear optical diffraction allows for correction of both momentum and energy mismatch. This concept provides a powerful tool for manipulating light through nonlinear interactions, and suggests unique applications. Recent experiments provide evidence for the feasibility and importance of spatiotemporal quasi-phase-matching.
C1 [Bahabad, Alon] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Bahabad, A (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM alonb@jila.colorado.edu
RI Kapteyn, Henry/H-6559-2011
OI Kapteyn, Henry/0000-0001-8386-6317
FU Army Research Office; National Science Foundation
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge support from the Army Research Office
and from the National Science Foundation Engineering Research Center in
EUV Science and Technology.
NR 36
TC 50
Z9 52
U1 1
U2 19
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1749-4885
J9 NAT PHOTONICS
JI Nat. Photonics
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 4
IS 8
BP 570
EP 575
DI 10.1038/NPHOTON.2010.122
PG 6
WC Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Optics; Physics
GA 633IN
UT WOS:000280495400023
ER
PT J
AU Gaebler, JP
Stewart, JT
Drake, TE
Jin, DS
Perali, A
Pieri, P
Strinati, GC
AF Gaebler, J. P.
Stewart, J. T.
Drake, T. E.
Jin, D. S.
Perali, A.
Pieri, P.
Strinati, G. C.
TI Observation of pseudogap behaviour in a strongly interacting Fermi gas
SO NATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
AB Ultracold atomic Fermi gases present an opportunity to study strongly interacting fermionic systems in a controlled and uncomplicated setting. The ability to tune attractive interactions has led to the discovery of superfluidity in these systems with an extremely high transition temperature with respect to the Fermi temperature(1,2) near T/T-F = 0.2. This superfluidity is the electrically neutral analogue of superconductivity; however, superfluidity in atomic Fermi gases occurs in the limit of strong interactions and defies a conventional Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer ( BCS) description. For these strong interactions, it is predicted that the onset of pairing and superfluidity can occur at different temperatures(3-5). Thus, for a range of temperatures, a pseudogap region may exist, in which the system retains some of the characteristics of the superfluid phase-such as a BCS-like dispersion and a partially gapped density of states-but does not exhibit superfluidity. By making two independent measurements-the direct observation of pair condensation in momentum space and a measurement of the single-particle spectral function using an analogue to photoemission spectroscopy(6)-we directly probe the pseudogap phase. Our measurements reveal a BCS-like dispersion with back-bending near the Fermiwavevector k(F), which persists well above the transition temperature for pair condensation.
C1 [Gaebler, J. P.; Stewart, J. T.; Drake, T. E.; Jin, D. S.] Univ Colorado, NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Gaebler, J. P.; Stewart, J. T.; Drake, T. E.; Jin, D. S.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Perali, A.; Pieri, P.; Strinati, G. C.] Univ Camerino, Dipartimento Fis, I-62032 Camerino, Italy.
RP Jin, DS (reprint author), Univ Colorado, NIST, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM jin@jilau1.colorado.edu
RI Pieri, Pierbiagio/B-8302-2011; Strinati, Giancarlo/F-3546-2011
OI Pieri, Pierbiagio/0000-0001-8295-805X; Strinati,
Giancarlo/0000-0003-4038-4291
FU NSF
FX We acknowledge financial support from the NSF. We thank the JILA BEC
group for discussions. D.S.J acknowledges discussions with A. Kanigel at
the Aspen Center for Physics.
NR 30
TC 141
Z9 142
U1 2
U2 26
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1745-2473
EI 1745-2481
J9 NAT PHYS
JI Nat. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 6
IS 8
BP 569
EP 573
DI 10.1038/NPHYS1709
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 634DI
UT WOS:000280559300010
ER
PT J
AU Segawa, K
Kofu, M
Lee, SH
Tsukada, I
Hiraka, H
Fujita, M
Chang, S
Yamada, K
Ando, Y
AF Segawa, Kouji
Kofu, M.
Lee, S-H.
Tsukada, I.
Hiraka, H.
Fujita, M.
Chang, S.
Yamada, K.
Ando, Yoichi
TI Zero-doping state and electron-hole asymmetry in an ambipolar cuprate
SO NATURE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; YBA2CU3O6+X; TRANSPORT; INSULATOR
AB A Mott insulator is a material that is insulating because of strong Coulomb repulsions between electrons. Doping charge carriers, electrons or holes into a Mott insulator can induce high-temperature superconductivity. Thus, what exactly happens when a charge carrier is doped into a Mott insulator is a key question in many-body physics(1-4). To address this issue, ideally one should start from a zero-doping state(5-7) and be able to introduce both holes and electrons in the dilute limit. However, such an idealized experiment has been impossible because of the lack of suitable materials. Here we show that a new 'ambipolar' cuprate makes it possible for the first time to cross the zero-doping state in the same material, which in turn allows us to address the physics of the extremely low-doping region. Surprisingly, we found that the antiferromagnetic ground state sharply changes between electron- and hole-doped sides, and this change is dictated by the existence of only 0.1 ppm of charge carriers. Moreover, we observed that the Neel temperature T(N) shows an unexpected reduction in a narrow range centred at the zero-doping state, across which the system exhibits asymmetric behaviours in transport measurements. Our findings reveal the inherently different nature of electron and hole doping in the dilute limit of a Mott-insulating cuprate.
C1 [Yamada, K.] Tohoku Univ, Adv Inst Mat Res, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan.
[Segawa, Kouji; Ando, Yoichi] Osaka Univ, Inst Sci & Ind Res, Ibaraki, Osaka 5670047, Japan.
[Kofu, M.; Lee, S-H.] Univ Virginia, Dept Phys, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
[Tsukada, I.] Cent Res Inst Elect Power Ind, Kanagawa 2400196, Japan.
[Hiraka, H.; Fujita, M.] Tohoku Univ, Inst Mat Res, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan.
[Chang, S.] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Yamada, K (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Adv Inst Mat Res, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan.
EM kyamada@imr.tohoku.ac.jp; y_ando@sanken.osaka-u.ac.jp
RI Yamada, Kazuyoshi/C-2728-2009; Ando, Yoichi/B-8163-2013; SEGAWA,
Kouji/D-4204-2014; Fujita, Masaki/D-8430-2013
OI Ando, Yoichi/0000-0002-3553-3355; SEGAWA, Kouji/0000-0002-3633-4809;
FU KAKENHI [19674002, 20030004, 19540358, 20740196]; US DOE (BES-DMSE)
[DE-FE02-07ER46384]; NSF [DMR-0454672]
FX We thank E. Dagotto, P. Phillips and T. Tohyama for discussions. This
work was supported by KAKENHI Grant Nos 19674002, 20030004, 19540358 and
20740196. Works at UVA and at NCNR were supported by US DOE (BES-DMSE)
Award No. DE-FE02-07ER46384 and NSF Award No. DMR-0454672, respectively.
NR 17
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 10
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1745-2473
J9 NAT PHYS
JI Nat. Phys.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 6
IS 8
BP 579
EP 583
DI 10.1038/NPHYS1717
PG 5
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 634DI
UT WOS:000280559300012
ER
PT J
AU Smolowitz, R
Haas, H
Milliken, HO
Weeks, M
Matzen, E
AF Smolowitz, Ronald
Haas, Heather
Milliken, Henry O.
Weeks, Matthew
Matzen, Eric
TI Using Sea Turtle Carcasses to Assess the Conservation Potential of a
Turtle Excluder Dredge
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID FISHERY; BYCATCH
AB Fisheries observers have documented interactions between sea turtles in the family Cheloniidae and the Atlantic sea scallop Placopecten magellanicus fishery. Sea turtle injuries resulting from interactions with scallop dredges are being mitigated through shifts in fishing effort and modifications to fishing gear. The standard New Bedford dredge can trap objects and crush them as they pass between the dredge frame and sea floor, so a modified turtle excluder dredge has been designed to reduce the likelihood of a turtle's passing under the frame when the dredge fishes on the seafloor. The key elements of the modified design are a forward cutting bar (which results in a sloping rather than a vertical face), a reduced number of bale support bars (just the center and outer bales), extension of the outer bale bars before tapering to the gooseneck (hauling point), and a reduction in the sources of entrapment between the depressor plate and the cutting bar via reduced spacing of struts. We evaluated the ability of the modified dredge to cause live sea turtles to pass over it by using loggerhead sea turtle Caretta caretta carcasses as a proxy. The carcasses were placed on the seafloor in the path of a towed dredge equipped with video cameras. Nine interactions between carcasses and the modified dredge were documented on video recordings. In each of the interactions, the carcass hit the dredge and passed over the dredge frame with little or no physical damage to the recovered carcasses. These carcass studies suggest that the turtle excluder dredge reduces sea turtle injuries associated with interactions between sea turtles and scallop dredges fishing on the seafloor.
C1 [Smolowitz, Ronald; Weeks, Matthew] Coonamessett Farm, E Falmouth, MA 02536 USA.
[Haas, Heather; Milliken, Henry O.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Matzen, Eric] Integrated Stat, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Smolowitz, R (reprint author), Coonamessett Farm, 277 Hatchville Rd, E Falmouth, MA 02536 USA.
EM cfarm@capecod.net
NR 15
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 4
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 30
IS 4
BP 993
EP 1000
DI 10.1577/M10-061.1
PG 8
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 643EB
UT WOS:000281277300015
ER
PT J
AU Moustahfid, H
Tyrrell, MC
Link, JS
Nye, JA
Smith, BE
Gamble, RJ
AF Moustahfid, H.
Tyrrell, M. C.
Link, J. S.
Nye, J. A.
Smith, B. E.
Gamble, R. J.
TI Functional feeding responses of piscivorous fishes from the northeast US
continental shelf
SO OECOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Piscivorous fishes; Functional response; Northeast US continental shelf
ID FOOD-CONSUMPTION; STOMACH CONTENTS; PREDATORY FISH; GEORGES-BANK;
ATLANTIC COD; ECOSYSTEM; MODELS; BEHAVIOR; RECRUITMENT; POPULATIONS
AB The functional feeding response forms of piscivorous fishes used in multispecies and ecosystem modeling have been questioned because they were mostly conjectural or solely based on laboratory studies. Here, we investigate the functional feeding response of seven species of piscivorous fishes on four species of their prey from the northeast US continental shelf using field data that spans 30 years. Our study confirmed that Holling's types II and III functional responses are the most common functional responses for piscivorous fishes in this region. However, our analyses also revealed that differences exist between piscivorous fishes' functional responses, and, therefore, combining functional responses of piscivores is probably not appropriate in multispecies and ecosystem modeling. In the absence of specific predator-prey functional responses, we suggest that, for cruising, actively attacking predators, a type II functional response is slightly preferable; for a sedentary, ambush predator, a type III functional response is slightly preferable; at low prey densities for a generic fish predator, a type III functional response should be used; and at moderate to high prey densities, either should work sufficiently. Because we have shown that the functional response of a particular predator to individual prey species varies, these relationships must be further evaluated as we continue to develop and employ multispecies and ecosystem modeling.
C1 [Moustahfid, H.; Tyrrell, M. C.; Link, J. S.; Nye, J. A.; Smith, B. E.; Gamble, R. J.] NOAA Fisheries Serv, NE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Moustahfid, H (reprint author), NOAA Fisheries Serv, NE Fisheries Sci Ctr, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM Hassan.Moustahfid@noaa.gov
FU Lenfest Ocean Program [2004-001492-105]
FX We thank the present and past members of the Food Web Dynamics Program
(NOAA/NEFSC) for maintaining the database that supported this work. We
are grateful to two anonymous referees whose comments and suggestions
considerably improved the manuscript. This work was supported by Lenfest
Ocean Program Grant No 2004-001492-105.
NR 61
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 2
U2 29
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0029-8549
J9 OECOLOGIA
JI Oecologia
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 163
IS 4
BP 1059
EP 1067
DI 10.1007/s00442-010-1596-2
PG 9
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 627ZK
UT WOS:000280083300022
PM 20229244
ER
PT J
AU Tate, JR
Bunk, DM
Christenson, RH
Katrukha, A
Noble, JE
Porter, RA
Schimmel, H
Wang, LL
Panteghini, M
AF Tate, Jillian R.
Bunk, David M.
Christenson, Robert H.
Katrukha, Alexei
Noble, James E.
Porter, Robert A.
Schimmel, Heinz
Wang, Lili
Panteghini, Mauro
CA IFCC Working Grp Standardization
TI Standardisation of cardiac troponin I measurement: past and present
SO PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE Cardiac troponin I; standardisation; measurement traceability; reference
material; reference measurement procedure
ID ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES;
CLINICAL-PERFORMANCE; CIRCULATING TROPONIN; REFERENCE POPULATION;
LABORATORY MEDICINE; 99TH PERCENTILE; ASSAYS; IMMUNOASSAYS; SERUM
AB The laboratory measurement of cardiac troponin (cTn) concentration is a critical tool in the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (MI). Current cTnI assays produce different absolute troponin numbers and use different clinical cut-off values; hence cTnI values cannot be interchanged, with consequent confusion for clinicians. A recent Australian study compared patient results for seven cTnI assays and showed that between-method variation was approximately 2-to 5-fold.
A major reason for poor method agreement is the lack of a suitable common reference material for the calibration of cTnI assays by manufacturers. Purified complexed troponin material lacks adequate commutability for all assays; hence a serum-based secondary reference material is required for cTnI with value assignment by a higher order reference measurement procedure.
There is considerable debate about how best to achieve comparability of results for heterogeneous analytes such as cTnI, whether it should be via the harmonisation or the standardisation process. Whereas harmonisation depends upon consensus value assignment and uses those commercial methods which give the closest agreement at the time, standardisation comes closer to the true value through a reference measurement system that is based upon long-term calibration traceability.
The current paper describes standardisation efforts by the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine Working Group on Standardization of cTnI (IFCC WG-TNI) to establish a reference immunoassay measurement procedure for cTnI of a higher order than current commercial immunoassay methods and a commutable secondary reference material for cTnI to which companies can reference their calibration materials.
C1 [Tate, Jillian R.] Royal Brisbane & Womens Hosp, Dept Chem Pathol, Herston, Qld 4029, Australia.
[Bunk, David M.] NIST, Chem Sci & Technol Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Wang, Lili] NIST, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Christenson, Robert H.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
[Katrukha, Alexei] HyTest Ltd, Turku, Finland.
[Noble, James E.; Porter, Robert A.] Natl Phys Lab, Analyt Sci Grp, Teddington TW11 0LW, Middx, England.
[Schimmel, Heinz] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Reference Mat & Measurements, Geel, Belgium.
[Panteghini, Mauro] Univ Milan, Ctr Metrol Traceabil Lab Med CIRME, Milan, Italy.
RP Tate, JR (reprint author), Royal Brisbane & Womens Hosp, Dept Chem Pathol, Herston, Qld 4029, Australia.
EM jill_tate@health.qld.gov.au
NR 46
TC 39
Z9 44
U1 1
U2 17
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0031-3025
J9 PATHOLOGY
JI Pathology
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 42
IS 5
BP 402
EP 408
DI 10.3109/00313025.2010.495246
PG 7
WC Pathology
SC Pathology
GA 637PV
UT WOS:000280831900002
PM 20632814
ER
PT J
AU Zimmerman, NM
AF Zimmerman, Neil M.
TI Quantum electrical standards
SO PHYSICS TODAY
LA English
DT Article
C1 NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Zimmerman, NM (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 4
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0031-9228
J9 PHYS TODAY
JI Phys. Today
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 63
IS 8
BP 68
EP 69
PG 2
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 638MM
UT WOS:000280899000021
ER
PT J
AU Kelly, BP
Badajos, OH
Kunnasranta, M
Moran, JR
Martinez-Bakker, M
Wartzok, D
Boveng, P
AF Kelly, Brendan P.
Badajos, Oriana H.
Kunnasranta, Mervi
Moran, John R.
Martinez-Bakker, Micaela
Wartzok, Douglas
Boveng, Peter
TI Seasonal home ranges and fidelity to breeding sites among ringed seals
SO POLAR BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Phoca hispida; Home range; Population structure; Site fidelity;
Movements
ID PHOCA-HISPIDA PUPS; NORTHERN BERING-SEA; FAST-ICE; MARINE MAMMALS;
HABITAT USE; BAFFIN-BAY; GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION; NORTHWEST-TERRITORIES;
CONTINENTAL-SHELF; DIVING BEHAVIOR
AB Population structure and patterns of habitat use among ringed seals (Phoca hispida) are poorly known, in part because seasonal movements have not been adequately documented. We monitored the movements of 98 ringed seals in the Beaufort and Chukchi seas between 1990 and 2006 using three forms of telemetry. In the winter-spring period (when the seals were occupying shorefast ice), we used radio and ultra-sonic tags to track movements above and below the ice, respectively. We used satellite-linked transmitters in summer and fall (when the seals ranged away from their winter sites) to track at-sea movements. In the shorefast ice habitat, the home ranges of 27 adult males ranged from < 1 to 13.9 km(2) (median = 0.628) while the home ranges of 28 adult females ranged from < 1 to 27.9 km(2) (median = 0.652). The 3-dimensional volumes used by 9 seals tracked acoustically under the ice averaged 0.07 (SD = 0.04) km(3) for subadults and adult males and 0.13 (SD = 0.04) km(3) for adult females. Three of the radio-tracked seals and 9 tracked by satellite ranged up to 1,800 km from their winter/spring home ranges in summer but returned to the same small (1-2 km(2)) sites during the ice-bound months in the following year. The restricted movements of ringed seals during the ice-bound season-including the breeding season-limits their foraging activities for most of the year and may minimize gene flow within the species.
C1 [Kelly, Brendan P.; Badajos, Oriana H.; Kunnasranta, Mervi; Moran, John R.; Martinez-Bakker, Micaela] Univ Alaska SE, Dept Nat Sci, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Badajos, Oriana H.] Kachemak Bay Res Reserve, Homer, AK 99603 USA.
[Kunnasranta, Mervi] Finnish Game & Fisheries Res Inst, Turku 20520, Finland.
[Moran, John R.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Auke Bay Labs, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Wartzok, Douglas] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
[Boveng, Peter] NOAA, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Kelly, BP (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA, 17109 Point Lena Loop Rd, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
EM brendan.kelly@noaa.gov
RI Martinez-Bakker, Micaela/J-3721-2013
OI Martinez-Bakker, Micaela/0000-0002-9248-9450
FU Office of Naval Research, the Coastal Marine Institute (Minerals
Management Service and the University of Alaska Fairbanks); North
Pacific Research Board [241]; National Marine Mammal Laboratory
(National Marine Fisheries Service); Natural Resources Fund (University
of Alaska); National Science Foundation
FX This project was supported by the Office of Naval Research, the Coastal
Marine Institute (Minerals Management Service and the University of
Alaska Fairbanks), the North Pacific Research Board (Publication number
241), the National Marine Mammal Laboratory (National Marine Fisheries
Service), the Natural Resources Fund (University of Alaska), and the
National Science Foundation while the first author was working in the
Office of Polar Programs. The Polar Continental Shelf Project (Canada);
the Hunters and Trappers Association of Resolute Bay,
NorthwestTerritories, Canada; BP Alaska; ConocoPhillips; the Department
of Wildlife Management, North Slope Borough, Alaska; the Nanuuq
Commission; the Ice Seal Committee; the Native Village of Kotzebue; the
Department of Fisheries and Oceans (Canada); Ida and Nathaniel Olemaun
Jr., Ross Schaeffer Sr., and Alex Whiting provided expertise and
logistic support. Seal tracking was labor intensive, and we were
assisted in the field and laboratory by over 50 hard-working and
cold-tolerant individuals including P. Amariluk, J. Bengtson, H.
Cleator, M. Cronin, R. Ettagiak, R. Flinn, L. Harwood, S. Innes, J.
Jones, C. Kelly, J. London, T. Manik, D. MacDonald, R. Memorana, J.
Nielsen, L. Quakenbush, R. Schaeffer, M. Simpkins, T. Smith; S. Sell, R.
Sneider, B. Taras, A. Whiting, and 12 students from the University of
Alaska Southeast's Research Experiences for Undergraduates program. J.
London and M. Cameron assisted with data reduction and graphics. A draft
of this manuscript was improved by comments from Erin Moreland and
Elizabeth Mathews. This research was conducted under the terms of
Scientific Research Permits No. 350-1434 and 782-1694-00 issued by the
Office of Protected Resources, National Marine Fisheries Service, United
States and Scientific License numbers SLE-04/05-328 and SLE-05/06-322
issued by the Department of Fisheries and Oceans (DFO), Canada. Animal
Care Use Protocols were issued by the University of Alaska Fairbanks
(Assurance 08-11) and the DFO (UFWI-ACC-2004-2005-001U).
NR 120
TC 40
Z9 44
U1 4
U2 41
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0722-4060
J9 POLAR BIOL
JI Polar Biol.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 33
IS 8
BP 1095
EP 1109
DI 10.1007/s00300-010-0796-x
PG 15
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 627WN
UT WOS:000280074800010
ER
PT J
AU Hu, HQ
Zhang, CG
Han, CC
Zhao, JA
Wei, YY
Sung, LP
Gu, XH
Clerici, C
AF Hu HaiQing
Zhang ChengGui
Han, Charles C.
Zhao Jian
Wei YanYan
Sung Li-Piin
Gu XiaoHong
Clerici, Cyril
TI Dispersion of particles in the coatings characterized by laser scanning
confocal micrscopy (LSCM) I: Vertical dispersion of particles in the
coatings and the weathering property studied by orthogonal analysis
method of LSCM
SO SCIENCE CHINA-TECHNOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM); TiO(2); epoxy coatings;
vertical dispersion of particles
ID MICROSCOPY; POLYETHYLENE; BLEND
AB Two kinds of TiO(2) filled epoxy coatings were designed and prepared to obtain pigments with different dispersion degrees of TiO(2) particles. Laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM) was used to investigate both the horizontal and vertical distributions of TiO(2) particles in the coatings. The results indicated that TiO(2) in the two samples shared considerable similarity in horizental dispersion, but exhibited great difference in vertical dispersion. TiO(2) showed uniform vertical distribution in disp coating, wheras a gap about 1.1 mu m was found in the non-disp coating, which significantly influenced the surface optical properties of the coatings during weathering. Based on the confocal data, the model of dispersion of pigments in the coatings was proposed and the change of surface properties during weathering was predicted: the surface optical properties showed an initial decrease followed by a subsequent increase, which was in good agreement with the weathering data.
C1 [Hu HaiQing; Zhao Jian; Wei YanYan] Qingdao Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Polymer Sci & Engn, Minist Educ, Key Lab Rubber Plast QUST, Qingdao 266042, Peoples R China.
[Zhang ChengGui] Zhengzhou Univ Light Ind, Coll Mat & Chem Engn, Key Lab Surface & Interface Sci Henan Prov, Zhengzhou 450002, Peoples R China.
[Han, Charles C.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Chem, State Key Lab Polymer Phys & Chem, Beijing 100080, Peoples R China.
[Sung Li-Piin; Gu XiaoHong; Clerici, Cyril] NIST, Polymer Mat Grp, Bldg & Fire Res Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Hu, HQ (reprint author), Qingdao Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Polymer Sci & Engn, Minist Educ, Key Lab Rubber Plast QUST, Qingdao 266042, Peoples R China.
EM hhq@qust.edu.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [20944004, 50943026]; Key
Laboratory of Rubber-Plastic (QUST) [0022200]; Ministry of Education of
China [0805021]
FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (Grant Nos. 20944004, 50943026), the Open Research Program of the
Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastic (QUST), the Ministry of Education of
China (Grant No. 0805021), and the PhD Research Program of QUST (Grant
No. 0022200).
NR 11
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 9
PU SCIENCE PRESS
PI BEIJING
PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1674-7321
J9 SCI CHINA TECHNOL SC
JI Sci. China-Technol. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 53
IS 8
BP 2247
EP 2251
DI 10.1007/s11431-009-3164-8
PG 5
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 627WB
UT WOS:000280073500028
ER
PT J
AU Gaither, MS
DelRio, FW
Gates, RS
Fuller, ER
Cook, RF
AF Gaither, Michael S.
DelRio, Frank W.
Gates, Richard S.
Fuller, Edwin R., Jr.
Cook, Robert F.
TI Strength distribution of single-crystal silicon theta-like specimens
SO SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Finite element methods; Fracture strength; Microelectromechanical
systems; Single-crystal silicon
ID MEASURING MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; FRACTURE STRENGTH; SMALL-SCALE; MEMS;
MODULI
AB A new test specimen was developed for micro-scale tensile strength measurements, allowing direct assessment of surface effects on strength. Specimens were formed by deep reactive ion etching, tested with instrumented indentation, and test results interpreted using finite element analyses. Fracture strengths as great as 3 GPa were observed, with fracture initiating at processing-induced flaws and propagating along {1 1 1} and {1 1 0} planes. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc.
C1 [Gaither, Michael S.; DelRio, Frank W.; Gates, Richard S.; Fuller, Edwin R., Jr.; Cook, Robert F.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Ceram, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP DelRio, FW (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Ceram, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM frank.delrio@nist.gov
NR 19
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 10
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1359-6462
J9 SCRIPTA MATER
JI Scr. Mater.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 63
IS 4
BP 422
EP 425
DI 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2010.04.047
PG 4
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary;
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy &
Metallurgical Engineering
GA 620JP
UT WOS:000279496000018
ER
PT J
AU Ekin, JW
AF Ekin, J. W.
TI Unified scaling law for flux pinning in practical superconductors: I.
Separability postulate, raw scaling data and parameterization at
moderate strains
SO SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID CRITICAL-CURRENT DENSITY; HIGH MAGNETIC-FIELDS; TEMPERATURE T-C; NB3SN
CONDUCTORS; A-15 SUPERCONDUCTORS; II SUPERCONDUCTORS; FORCE DENSITY;
SN-GA; DEPENDENCE; WIRES
AB The unified strain-and-temperature scaling law underlies the many pinning-force-model expressions proposed to parameterize the dependence of the critical current I(c) on magnetic field B, temperature T and applied axial strain e in superconductors for high-field magnet design. Increasingly, these expressions have been evaluated by use of multiparameter simultaneous fits, without the use of scaling. In this review, we reintroduce the unified scaling law on which the recent parameterizations are based, as well as the power of raw scaling data for parameter consistency, extrapolation capability and data-based model evaluation.
C1 [Ekin, J. W.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Ekin, J. W.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Ekin, JW (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM ekin@boulder.nist.gov
FU US Dept. of Energy/High Energy Physics
FX Appreciation is extended to Luca Bottura, Najib Cheggour, Arno Godeke,
Loren Goodrich, Damian Hampshire, Matt Jewell and Sangjun Oh for many
helpful editorial suggestions. I am also grateful to statistician Jolene
Splett for her skill in the initial data reduction of many of the large
datasets in this review, toMatt Jewell and Peter Lee for supplying
composition information for the conductors, and to Annemiek Kamphuis for
typing and formatting table 5. This work was supported in part by the US
Dept. of Energy/High Energy Physics.
NR 78
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 1
U2 14
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0953-2048
J9 SUPERCOND SCI TECH
JI Supercond. Sci. Technol.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 23
IS 8
AR 083001
DI 10.1088/0953-2048/23/8/083001
PG 30
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 625DH
UT WOS:000279873600002
ER
PT J
AU Mahoney, CM
AF Mahoney, Christine M.
TI Cluster SIMS depth profiling of stereo-specific PMMA thin films on Si
SO SURFACE AND INTERFACE ANALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE SIMS; cluster; polymer; PMMA; stereochemistry; tacticity
ID ION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; POLY(METHYL METHACRYLATE); GLASS-TRANSITION;
POLYMER SURFACES; BOMBARDMENT; BEAM; DAMAGE; MICROSCOPY; EMISSION;
COATINGS
AB Cluster SIMS, employing an SF(5)(+) polyatomic primary ion sputter source, in conjunction with a Bi(3)(+) analysis source, was utilized to depth profile through poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) thin films (approximately 140 nm) of variable tacticity. The damage characteristics of the stereospecific PMMA films under SF(5)(+) bombardment were measured as a function of temperature in the range of -75 degrees C-150 degrees C. On average, the isotactic PMMA exhibited the least amount of damage accumulation as compared to syndiotactic and atactic PMMA, with increased signal constancy as a function of SF(5)(+) dose and sharper PMMA/Si interface widths in the temperature range of 0 degrees C- 80 degrees C. These improvements in sputter properties were attributed to steric hindrances along the side-chain moieties in isotactic PMMA, causing increased strain along the main-chain backbone, and consequently increasing the likelihood of main-chain scission. Similar to previous studies, -75 degrees C yielded the most ideal depth profiles for all tacticities, exhibiting the least amount of damage accumulation in the form of characteristic signal loss and interfacial broadening. There were also significant improvements in the damage characteristics at higher temperatures as compared to 25 degrees C. However, other interfacial artifacts started to appear at or near the glass transition temperature (T(g)) of the various polymers, indicative of increased interfacial damage at these higher temperatures. Published in 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Mahoney, CM (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 100 Bur Dr,Mail Stop 8371, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM christine.mahoney@nist.gov
NR 39
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 0142-2421
J9 SURF INTERFACE ANAL
JI Surf. Interface Anal.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 42
IS 8
SI SI
BP 1393
EP 1401
DI 10.1002/sia.3115
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 635CQ
UT WOS:000280633600004
ER
PT J
AU Ghirardelli, JE
Glahn, B
AF Ghirardelli, Judy E.
Glahn, Bob
TI The Meteorological Development Laboratory's Aviation Weather Prediction
System
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID PROBABILISTIC FORECASTS; PRECIPITATION; GUIDANCE; SERVICE; LAMP; MOS
AB The Meteorological Development Laboratory (MDL) has developed and implemented an aviation weather prediction system that runs each hour and produces forecast guidance for each hour into the future out to 25 h covering the major forecast period of the National Weather Service (NWS) Terminal Aerodrome Forecast. The Localized Aviation Model Output Statistics (MOS) Program (LAMP) consists of analyses of observations, simple advective models, and a statistical component that updates the longer-range MOS forecasts from the Global Forecast System (GFS) model. LAMP, being an update to GFS MOS, is shown to be an improvement over it, as well as improving over persistence. LAMP produces probabilistic forecasts for the aviation weather elements of ceiling height, sky cover, visibility, obstruction to vision, precipitation occurrence and type, and thunderstorms. Best-category forecasts are derived from these probabilities and their associated thresholds. The LAMP guidance of sensible weather is available for 1591 stations in the contiguous United States, Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands. Probabilistic guidance of thunderstorms is also available on a grid. The LAMP guidance is available to the entire weather enterprise via NWS communication networks and the World Wide Web. In the future, all station guidance will be gridded and be made available in a form compatible with the NWS's National Digital Forecast Database.
C1 [Ghirardelli, Judy E.; Glahn, Bob] NOAA, NWS, Meteorol Dev Lab, Off Sci & Technol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Ghirardelli, JE (reprint author), NOAA, NWS, Meteorol Dev Lab, Off Sci & Technol, 1325 EW Hwy, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM judy.ghirardelli@noaa.gov
FU NWS
FX The radar data used in the LAMP development were provided by the GHRC of
the Global Hydrology and Climate Center (GHCC) in Huntsville, Alabama.
The lightning strike data from 1994 through 2005 were provided by the
GHRC through a license agreement with Global Atmospherics, Inc. (GAI).
The lightning data from 2006 and on, as well as the real-time lightning
data, were provided by Vaisala Inc. through NWS contract.
NR 63
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 4
BP 1027
EP 1051
DI 10.1175/2010WAF2222312.1
PG 25
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 636KG
UT WOS:000280731800002
ER
PT J
AU Clark, AJ
Gallus, WA
Xue, M
Kong, FY
AF Clark, Adam J.
Gallus, William A., Jr.
Xue, Ming
Kong, Fanyou
TI Convection-Allowing and Convection-Parameterizing Ensemble Forecasts of
a Mesoscale Convective Vortex and Associated Severe Weather Environment
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID WARM-SEASON PRECIPITATION; LIVED MESOCONVECTIVE VORTICES; TORNADIC
THUNDERSTORM SYSTEM; RAPID UPDATE CYCLE; PART II; CORE VORTEX;
ADJUSTMENT SCHEME; PREDICTION SYSTEM; COORDINATE MODEL; JOHNSTOWN FLOOD
AB An analysis of a regional severe weather outbreak that was related to a mesoscale convective vortex (MCV) is performed. The MCV-spawning mesoscale convection system (MCS) formed in northwest Kansas along the southern periphery of a large cutoff 500-hPa low centered over western South Dakota. As the MCS propagated into eastern Kansas during the early morning of 1 June 2007, an MCV that became evident from multiple data sources [e. g., Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler (WSR-88D) network, visible satellite imagery, wind-profiler data, Rapid Update Cycle 1-hourly analyses] tracked through northwest Missouri and central Iowa and manifested itself as a well-defined midlevel short-wave trough. Downstream of the MCV in southeast Iowa and northwest Illinois, southwesterly 500-hPa winds increased to around 25 m s(-1) over an area with southeasterly surface winds and 500-1500 J kg(-1) of surface-based convective available potential energy (CAPE), creating a favorable environment for severe weather. In the favorable region, multiple tornadoes occurred, including one rated as a category 3 storm on the enhanced Fujita scale (EF3) that caused considerable damage. In the analysis, emphasis is placed on the role of the MCV in leading to a favorable environment for severe weather. In addition, convection-allowing forecasts of the MCV and associated environmental conditions from the 10-member Storm-Scale Ensemble Forecast (SSEF) system produced for the 2007 NOAA Hazardous Weather Testbed Spring Experiment are compared to those from a similarly configured, but coarser, 30-member convection-parameterizing ensemble. It was found that forecasts of the MCV track and associated environmental conditions (e. g., midlevel winds, low-level wind shear, and instability) were much better in the convection-allowing ensemble. Errors in the MCV track from convection-parameterizing members likely resulted from westward displacement errors in the incipient MCS. Furthermore, poor depiction of MCV structure and maintenance in convection-parameterizing members, which was diagnosed through a vorticity budget analysis, likely led to the relatively poor forecasts of the associated environmental conditions. The results appear to be very encouraging for convection-allowing ensembles, especially when environmental conditions lead to a high degree of predictability for MCSs, which appeared to be the case for this particular event.
C1 [Clark, Adam J.; Gallus, William A., Jr.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Geol & Atmospher Sci, Ames, IA USA.
[Xue, Ming] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Meteorol, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Xue, Ming; Kong, Fanyou] Univ Oklahoma, Ctr Anal & Predict Storms, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
RP Clark, AJ (reprint author), NSSL FRDD, Natl Weather Ctr, 120 David L Boren Blvd, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
EM adam.clark@noaa.gov
RI Xue, Ming/F-8073-2011
OI Xue, Ming/0000-0003-1976-3238
FU NSF [ATM-0537043, ATM-0848200, ATM-0530814, ATM-0802888]; National
Research Council; NOAA CSTAR; NSF ITR [ATM-0331594]
FX The authors thank Huiling Yuan at the Global Systems Division of the
Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL GSD) for assistance in obtaining
SREF data in post-real time. This particular research was funded by NSF
Grants ATM-0537043 and ATM-0848200. Additional support was provided
through a National Research Council Postdoctoral Award for the first
author under the guidance of David Stensrud. The ENS20 simulations were
conducted on the 64-processor computing cluster in the meteorology
program at ISU. The CAPS real-time 4-km ensemble forecasts were
primarily supported by the NOAA CSTAR program. Supplementary support was
provided by NSF ITR project LEAD (ATM-0331594). MX was also supported by
NSF ATM-0530814 and ATM-0802888. Drs. Kelvin K. Droegemeier, Keith
Brewster, John Kain, Steve Weiss, David Bright, Matt Wandishin, Mike
Coniglio, Jun Du, Jimy Dudhia, Morris Weisman, Greg Thompson, and Wei
Wang contributed to the ensemble system design and WRF model
configuration, and Kevin Thomas carried out the CAPS real-time runs. The
CAPS real-time predictions were performed at the Pittsburgh
Super-computing Center (PSC), which is supported by NSF. The WSI NOWrad
data were obtained from the Global Hydrology Resource Center at the
Global Hydrology and Climate Center in Huntsville, Alabama. Finally,
constructive comments from Russ Schumacher, Stan Trier, and an anonymous
reviewer were greatly appreciated and helped improve the manuscript.
NR 94
TC 23
Z9 24
U1 2
U2 10
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
EI 1520-0434
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 4
BP 1052
EP 1081
DI 10.1175/2010WAF2222390.1
PG 30
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 636KG
UT WOS:000280731800003
ER
PT J
AU Banacos, PC
Ekster, ML
AF Banacos, Peter C.
Ekster, Michael L.
TI The Association of the Elevated Mixed Layer with Significant Severe
Weather Events in the Northeastern United States
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID MOTION; MODEL
AB The occurrence of rare but significant severe weather events associated with elevated mixed-layer (EML) air in the northeastern United States is investigated herein. A total of 447 convective event days with one or more significant severe weather report [where significant is defined as hail 2 in. (5.1 cm) in diameter or greater, a convective gust of 65 kt (33 m s(-1)) or greater, and/or a tornado of F2 or greater intensity] were identified from 1970 through 2006 during the warm season (1 May-30 September). Of these, 34 event days (7.6%) were associated with identifiable EML air in regional rawinsondes preceding the event. Taken with two other noteworthy events in 1953 and 1969, a total of 36 significant severe weather events associated with EML air were studied via composite and trajectory analysis. Though a small percentage of the total, these 36 events compose a noteworthy list of historically significant derechos and tornadic events to affect the northeastern United States. It is demonstrated that plumes of EML air emanating from the Intermountain West in subsiding, anticyclonically curved flows can reinforce the capping inversion and maintain the integrity of the EML across the central United States over a few days. The EML plume can ultimately become entrained into a moderately fast westerly to northwesterly midtropospheric flow allowing for the plume's advection into the northeastern United States. Resultant thermodynamic conditions in the convective storm environment are similar to those more typically observed closer to the EML source region in the Great Plains of the United States. In addition to composite and trajectory analysis, two case studies are employed to demonstrate salient and evolutionary aspects of the EML in such events. A lapse rate tendency equation is explored to put EML advection in context with other processes affecting lapse rate.
C1 [Banacos, Peter C.] NOAA, NWS, Weather Forecast Off, Burlington, VT USA.
[Ekster, Michael L.] NOAA, NWS, Weather Forecast Off, Taunton, MA USA.
RP Banacos, PC (reprint author), NOAA, NWS, Weather Forecast Off, 1200 Airport Dr, S Burlington, VT 05403 USA.
EM peter.banacos@noaa.gov
NR 20
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 2
U2 5
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 4
BP 1082
EP 1102
DI 10.1175/2010WAF2222363.1
PG 21
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 636KG
UT WOS:000280731800004
ER
PT J
AU Shi, XH
Xu, XD
Lu, CG
AF Shi, Xiaohui
Xu, Xiangde
Lu, Chungu
TI The Dynamic and Thermodynamic Structures Associated with a Series of
Heavy Precipitation Events over China during January 2008
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID ARCTIC-OSCILLATION; WINTER MONSOON; TEMPERATURE
AB In the winter of 2008, China experienced once-in-50-yr (or once in 100 yr for some regions) snow and ice storms. These storms brought huge socio economical impacts upon the Chinese people and government. Although the storms had been predicted, their severity and persistence were largely underestimated. In this study, these cases were revisited and comprehensive analyses of the storms' dynamic and thermodynamic structures were conducted. These snowstorms were also compared with U. S. east coast snowstorms. The results from this study will provide insights on how to improve forecasts for these kinds of snowstorms. The analyses demonstrated that the storms exhibited classic patterns of large-scale circulation common to these types of snowstorms. However, several physical processes were found to be unique and thought to have played crucial roles in intensifying and prolonging China's great snowstorms of 2008. These include a subtropical high over the western Pacific, an upper-level jet stream, and temperature and moisture inversions. The combined effects of these dynamic and thermodynamic structures are responsible for the development of the storms into one of the most disastrous events in Chinese history.
C1 [Shi, Xiaohui; Xu, Xiangde] Chinese Acad Meteorol Sci, State Key Lab Severe Weather, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Lu, Chungu] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Lu, Chungu] Colorado State Univ, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Lu, CG (reprint author), GSD David Skaggs Res Ctr, 325 S Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM chungu.lu@noaa.gov
FU International Sci.-Tech. Cooperative Project [2007DFB20210]; Ministry of
Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China; Chinese
Academy of Meteorological Sciences [2008Z006]; LaSW [2008LASWZI04,
2009LASWZF02]; China-Japan Meteorological Disaster Cooperative Research
Center, Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
FX The authors would like to express their sincere gratitude to Jeff
Waldstreicher for his excellent editorship and insightful suggestions
that improved this paper significantly. This research was jointly funded
by the International Sci.-Tech. Cooperative Project (2007DFB20210), the
Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China,
the Key Project of Basic Scientific Research and Operation fund of the
Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences (2008Z006), the Independent
Research Project of LaSW (2008LASWZI04, 2009LASWZF02), and the
China-Japan Meteorological Disaster Cooperative Research Center, which
is China-Japan intergovernmental cooperation program that is supported
by the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). We are also
grateful to Annie Reiser for providing typographical, grammar, and style
edits for this paper.
NR 31
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 4
BP 1124
EP 1141
DI 10.1175/2010WAF2222335.1
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 636KG
UT WOS:000280731800006
ER
PT J
AU Rudack, DE
Ghirardelli, JE
AF Rudack, David E.
Ghirardelli, Judy E.
TI A Comparative Verification of Localized Aviation Model Output Statistics
Program (LAMP) and Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) Model Forecasts of
Ceiling Height and Visibility
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
AB In an effort to support aviation forecasting, the National Weather Service's Meteorological Development Laboratory (MDL) has recently redeveloped the Localized Aviation Model Output Statistics (MOS) Program (LAMP) system. LAMP is designed to run hourly in NWS operations and produce short-range aviation forecast guidance at 1-h projections out to 25 h. This paper compares and contrasts LAMP ceiling height and visibility forecasts with forecasts produced by the 20-km Rapid Update Cycle model (RUC20), the Weather Research and Forecasting Nonhydrostatic Mesoscale Model (WRF-NMM), and the Short-Range Ensemble Forecast system (SREF). RUC20 and WRF-NMM forecasts of continuous ceiling height and visibility were interpolated to stations and converted into categorical forecasts. These interpolated forecasts were also categorized into instrument flight rule (IFR) or lower conditions and verified against LAMP forecasts at stations in the contiguous United States. LAMP and SREF probabilistic forecasts of ceiling height and visibility from LAMP and the SREF system were also verified. This study demonstrates that for the 0000 and 1200 UTC cycles over the contiguous United States, LAMP station-based categorical forecasts of ceiling height, visibility, and IFR conditions or lower are more accurate than the RUC20 and WRF-NMM ceiling height and visibility forecasts interpolated to stations. Moreover, for the 0900 and 2100 UTC forecast cycles and verification periods studied here, LAMP ceiling height and visibility probabilities exhibit better reliability and skill than the SREF system.
C1 [Rudack, David E.; Ghirardelli, Judy E.] NOAA, Meteorol Dev Lab, Off Sci & Technol, NWS, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Rudack, DE (reprint author), NOAA, Meteorol Dev Lab, Off Sci & Technol, NWS, 1325 EW Hwy, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM david.rudack@noaa.gov
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 4
BP 1161
EP 1178
DI 10.1175/2010WAF2222383.1
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 636KG
UT WOS:000280731800008
ER
PT J
AU Gillies, RR
Wang, SY
Yoon, JH
Weaver, S
AF Gillies, Robert R.
Wang, Shih-Yu
Yoon, Jin-Ho
Weaver, Scott
TI CFS Prediction of Winter Persistent Inversions in the Intermountain
Region
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID CLIMATE FORECAST SYSTEM; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; OSCILLATION;
FLUCTUATIONS; CALIFORNIA
AB A recent study by Gillies and others of persistent inversion events in the Intermountain West of the United States found a substantive linkage between the intraseasonal oscillation (ISO) and the development of persistent inversion events. Given that NCEP's Climate Forecast System (CFS) has demonstrated skill in the prediction of the ISO as far out as 1 month, it was decided to examine the CFS forecast's capability in the prediction of such winter persistent inversions. After initial analysis, a simple regression scheme is proposed that is coupled to the CFS output of geopotential height as a way to predict the occurrence of persistent inversion events for Salt Lake City, Utah. Analysis of the CFS hindcasts through the period 1981-2008 indicates that the regression coupled with the CFS can predict persistent inversion events with lead times of up to 4 weeks. The adoption of this coupled regression-CFS prediction may improve the forecasting of persistent inversion events in the Intermountain West, which is currently restricted to the more limited time span (similar to 10 days) of medium-range weather forecast models.
C1 [Gillies, Robert R.; Wang, Shih-Yu] Utah State Univ, Utah Climate Ctr, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Gillies, Robert R.] Utah State Univ, Dept Plants Soils & Climate, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Yoon, Jin-Ho; Weaver, Scott] NOAA, Climate Predict Ctr, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Yoon, Jin-Ho] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, Cooperat Inst Climate & Satellites, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Gillies, RR (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Utah Climate Ctr, 4825 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
EM robert.gillies@usu.edu
RI Wang, S.-Y. Simon/G-2566-2010; YOON, JIN-HO/A-1672-2009
OI YOON, JIN-HO/0000-0002-4939-8078
FU USDA; Utah Agricultural Experiment Station, Utah State University
FX Valuable comments by three anonymous reviewers were highly appreciated.
We thank Marty Booth for preparing the PM2.5 data. This study was
supported by the USDA-CSREES-funded Drought Management, Utah Project,
and the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station, Utah State University, and
approved as journal paper number 8186.
NR 20
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PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 4
BP 1211
EP 1218
DI 10.1175/2010WAF2222419.1
PG 8
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 636KG
UT WOS:000280731800011
ER
PT J
AU Wang, SY
Clark, AJ
AF Wang, Shih-Yu
Clark, Adam J.
TI NAM Model Forecasts of Warm-Season Quasi-Stationary Frontal Environments
in the Central United States
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID CONVECTIVE ADJUSTMENT SCHEME; PRECIPITATION; SYSTEMS; PLAINS; SKILL;
PREDICTABILITY; TROUGHS; STORMS
AB Using a composite procedure, North American Mesoscale Model (NAM) forecast and observed environments associated with zonally oriented, quasi-stationary surface fronts for 64 cases during July-August 2006-08 were examined for a large region encompassing the central United States. NAM adequately simulated the general synoptic features associated with the frontal environments (e. g., patterns in the low-level wind fields) as well as the positions of the fronts. However, kinematic fields important to frontogenesis such as horizontal deformation and convergence were overpredicted. Surface-based convective available potential energy (CAPE) and precipitable water were also overpredicted, which was likely related to the over-prediction of the kinematic fields through convergence of water vapor flux. In addition, a spurious coherence between forecast deformation and precipitation was found using spatial correlation coefficients. Composite precipitation forecasts featured a broad area of rainfall stretched parallel to the composite front, whereas the composite observed precipitation covered a smaller area and had a WNW-ESE orientation relative to the front, consistent with mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) propagating at a slight right angle relative to the thermal gradient. Thus, deficiencies in the NAM precipitation forecasts may at least partially result from the inability to depict MCSs properly. It was observed that errors in the precipitation forecasts appeared to lag those of the kinematic fields, and so it seems likely that deficiencies in the precipitation forecasts are related to the over-prediction of the kinematic fields such as deformation. However, no attempts were made to establish whether the overpredicted kinematic fields actually contributed to the errors in the precipitation forecasts or whether the overpredicted kinematic fields were simply an artifact of the precipitation errors. Regardless of the relationship between such errors, recognition of typical warm-season environments associated with these errors should be useful to operational forecasters.
C1 [Wang, Shih-Yu] Utah State Univ, Utah Climate Ctr, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Clark, Adam J.] Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73069 USA.
RP Wang, SY (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Utah Climate Ctr, 4825 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
EM simon.wang@usu.edu
RI Wang, S.-Y. Simon/G-2566-2010
FU USDA; National Research Council
FX Valuable comments offered by William Gallus and two anonymous reviewers
are highly appreciated. SYWis supported by the USDA-CSREES funded
Drought Management, Utah Project, and AJC is supported through a
National Research Council postdoctoral award.
NR 45
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U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 4
BP 1281
EP 1292
DI 10.1175/2010WAF2222394.1
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 636KG
UT WOS:000280731800017
ER
PT J
AU Sampson, CR
Wittmann, PA
Tolman, HL
AF Sampson, Charles R.
Wittmann, Paul A.
Tolman, Hendrik L.
TI Consistent Tropical Cyclone Wind and Wave Forecasts for the US Navy
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID TRAPPED-FETCH WAVES; PREDICTION SYSTEM; MODEL; OCEAN; ASSIMILATION;
CLIMATOLOGY; PERSISTENCE; CURRENTS; NCEP
AB A new algorithm to generate wave heights consistent with tropical cyclone official forecasts from the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) has been developed. The process involves generating synthetic observations from the forecast track and the 34-, 50-, and 64-kt wind radii. The JTWC estimate of the radius of maximum winds is used in the algorithm to generate observations for the forecast intensity (wind), and the JTWC-estimated radius of the outermost closed isobar is used to assign observations at the outermost extent of the tropical cyclone circulation. These observations are then interpolated to a high-resolution latitude-longitude grid covering the entire extent of the circulation. Finally, numerical weather prediction (NWP) model fields are obtained for each forecast time, the NWP model forecast tropical cyclone is removed from these fields, and the new JTWC vortex is inserted without blending zones between the vortex and the background. These modified fields are then used as input into a wave model to generate waves consistent with the JTWC forecasts. The algorithm is applied to Typhoon Yagi (2006), in anticipation of which U. S. Navy ships were moved from Tokyo Bay to an area off the southeastern coast of Kyushu. The decision to move (sortie) the ships was based on NWP model-driven long-range wave forecasts that indicated high seas impacting the coast in the vicinity of Tokyo Bay. The sortie decision was made approximately 84 h in advance of the high seas in order to give ships time to steam the approximately 500 n mi to safety. Results from the new algorithm indicate that the high seas would not affect the coast near Tokyo Bay within 84 h. This specific forecast verifies, but altimeter observations show that it does not outperform, the NWP model-driven wave analysis and forecasts for this particular case. Overall, the performance of the new algorithm is dependent on the JTWC tropical cyclone forecast performance, which has generally outperformed those of the NWP model over the last several years.
C1 [Sampson, Charles R.] USN, Res Lab, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
[Wittmann, Paul A.] Fleet Numer Meteorol & Oceanog Ctr, Monterey, CA USA.
[Tolman, Hendrik L.] NOAA, NCEP, Environm Modeling Ctr, Camp Springs, MD USA.
RP Sampson, CR (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, 7 Grace Hopper Ave,Stop 2, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
EM sampson@nrlmry.navy.mil
RI Sampson, Charles/F-5684-2010
FU Office of Naval Research [N0001409WX20179]
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the JTWC for their diligent
efforts with the ATCF. Appreciation is extended to Jake Hinz, Brian
Howell, Dave Lamey, Mark Willis, Ben Jones, Joel Feldmeier, Greg Ireton,
and others in U. S. Navy operations for their willingness to evaluate
and use the products. The authors alsowish to acknowledge Jeff Dixon for
the Yagi (2006) sortie information and help in getting this project
funded. Thanks to Bill Anderson, Tim Hogan, and Paul May for providing
the NOGAPS data. Great appreciation is extended to Mike Fiorino for the
JTWC/WW3 php interface, and Jim Goerss, Ted Tsui, John Cook, and two
anonymous reviewers for editorial comments. Most WW3 graphics were made
with the Gridded Analysis and Display System (GrADS). This project is
supported through a grant from the Office of Naval Research
(N0001409WX20179). The views, opinions, and findings contained in this
report are those of the authors and should not be construed as an
official U. S. government position, policy, or decision.
NR 31
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PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 4
BP 1293
EP 1306
DI 10.1175/2010WAF2222376.1
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 636KG
UT WOS:000280731800018
ER
PT J
AU Brill, KF
Pyle, M
AF Brill, Keith F.
Pyle, Matthew
TI The Response of Performance Metrics for Binary Forecasts to Hedging that
Approaches Random Change
SO WEATHER AND FORECASTING
LA English
DT Article
ID GENERAL ANALYTIC METHOD; SENSITIVITY; BIAS; VERIFICATION; SKILL
AB Critical performance ratio (CPR) expressions for the eight conditional probabilities associated with the 2 x 2 contingency table of outcomes for binary (dichotomous "yes'' or "no'') forecasts are derived. Two are shown to be useful in evaluating the effects of hedging as it approaches random change. The CPR quantifies how the probability of detection (POD) must change as frequency bias changes, so that a performance measure (or conditional probability) indicates an improved forecast for a given value of frequency bias. If yes forecasts were to be increased randomly, the probability of additional correct forecasts (hits) is given by the detection failure ratio (DFR). If the DFR for a performance measure is greater than the CPR, the forecast is likely to be improved by the random increase in yes forecasts. Thus, the DFR provides a benchmark for the CPR in the case of frequency bias inflation. If yes forecasts are decreased randomly, the probability of removing a hit is given by the frequency of hits (FOH). If the FOH for a performance measure is less than the CPR, the forecast is likely to be improved by the random decrease in yes forecasts. Therefore, the FOH serves as a benchmark for the CPR if the frequency bias is decreased. The closer the FOH (DFR) is to being less (greater) than or equal to the CPR, the more likely it may be to enhance the performance measure by decreasing (increasing) the frequency bias. It is shown that randomly increasing yes forecasts for a forecast that is itself better than a randomly generated forecast can improve the threat score but is not likely to improve the equitable threat score. The equitable threat score is recommended instead of the threat score whenever possible.
C1 [Brill, Keith F.] NOAA, NCEP, HPC, Ctr Sci, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[Pyle, Matthew] Natl Ctr Environm Predict, Environm Modeling Ctr, Camp Springs, MD USA.
RP Brill, KF (reprint author), NOAA, NCEP, HPC, Ctr Sci, W-NP32,Rm 410B-2,5200 Auth Rd, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
EM keith.brill@noaa.gov
FU NCEP/HPC
FX Funding from NCEP/HPC to provide computational tools and to cover the
publication costs is much appreciated. NCEP/EMC is also gratefully
acknowledged for contributing to the publication costs. The authors
thank the anonymous reviewers whose suggestions for revisions
substantially improved the comprehensibility of this note.
NR 14
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U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0882-8156
J9 WEATHER FORECAST
JI Weather Forecast.
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 4
BP 1307
EP 1314
DI 10.1175/2010WAF2222381.1
PG 8
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 636KG
UT WOS:000280731800019
ER
PT J
AU Merino, JH
Rozas, LP
Minello, TJ
Sheridan, PF
AF Merino, Joy H.
Rozas, Lawrence P.
Minello, Thomas J.
Sheridan, Peter F.
TI Effects of Marsh Terracing on Nekton Abundance at Two Locations in
Galveston Bay, Texas
SO WETLANDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Decapods; Fishes; Gulf of Mexico; Habitat value; Restoration
ID SALT MARSHES; DECAPOD CRUSTACEANS; GULF-COAST; HABITAT; FISH;
RESTORATION; ASSEMBLAGE; ESTUARINE; NURSERIES; SELECTION
AB We evaluated two marsh terracing restoration projects (GI=Galveston Island State Park, PM=Pierce Marsh) to compare nekton density and biomass between locations and among habitat types (open water pre-construction, open water post-construction, terrace marsh, terrace pond). Most (72%) animals collected were decapod crustaceans. Few differences in nekton abundance were observed over time (pre-construction versus post-construction open water). Comparisons of pre-construction to post-construction open water showed that the locations differed environmentally (e.g., turbidity) and in populations of nekton species. Density and biomass of gulf menhaden Brevoortia patronus and spot Leiostomus xanthurus in spring and density of white shrimp Litopenaeus setiferus in fall were higher at PM than GI, whereas densities and biomass of blue crab Callinectes sapidus, density of pink shrimp Farfantepenaeus duorarum, and biomass of brown shrimp Farfantepenaeus aztecus in the fall were higher at GI than PM. Despite location differences, constructing terraces appeared to benefit fishery species at both locations. Densities of brown shrimp, blue crab, white shrimp (fall), and pink shrimp (fall) and the biomass of brown shrimp, blue crab, and white shrimp (fall) were higher in terrace marsh than open water. Marsh terracing appears to be an effective tool for enhancing fishery habitat in degraded coastal systems.
C1 [Merino, Joy H.; Rozas, Lawrence P.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Estuarine Habitats & Coastal Fisheries Lab, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
[Minello, Thomas J.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Galveston Lab, Galveston, TX 77551 USA.
[Sheridan, Peter F.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Panama City Lab, Panama City Beach, FL 32408 USA.
RP Merino, JH (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Estuarine Habitats & Coastal Fisheries Lab, 646 Cajundome Blvd, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
EM joy.merino@noaa.gov
FU NOAA Fisheries Service Restoration Center; Southeast Fisheries Science
Center
FX Funding for this research was provided by the NOAA Fisheries Service
Restoration Center and Southeast Fisheries Science Center. The research
was conducted through the NOAA Fisheries Service Southeast Fisheries
Science Center by personnel from the Fishery Ecology Branch located at
the Galveston Laboratory and the Estuarine Habitats and Coastal
Fisheries Center in Lafayette, LA. In particular, field and laboratory
assistance was provided by Philip Caldwell, Harley Clinton, Molly
Dillender, Jim Ditty, Jennifer Doerr, Shawn Hillen, Joni Kernan, Kirk
Kilfoyle, Seth King, Genni Miller, Freddie Nix, Matt Prine, Juan Salas,
Katie Turner, Katrinyda Williams, and Elizabeth Wilson. The findings and
conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not
necessarily represent the views of the NOAA Fisheries Service.
NR 44
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U1 3
U2 14
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0277-5212
J9 WETLANDS
JI Wetlands
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 30
IS 4
BP 693
EP 704
DI 10.1007/s13157-010-0079-x
PG 12
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 646TG
UT WOS:000281565300005
ER
PT J
AU de Castro, MS
Richards, WJ
Bonecker, ACT
AF de Castro, Marcia S.
Richards, William J.
Bonecker, Ana Cristina T.
TI Occurrence and distribution of larval lanternfish (Myctophidae) from the
southwest Atlantic Ocean
SO ZOOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Brazilian coast; larval mesopelagic fish; Myctophidae; spatial
variation; tropical region
ID SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA REGION; FAMILY MYCTOPHIDAE; CONTINENTAL-SHELF;
SEASONAL-VARIATION; FISH ASSEMBLAGES; PISCES; SEA; ICHTHYOPLANKTON;
MYCTOPHIFORMES; VARIABILITY
AB This study analyzes the occurrence and distribution of lanternfish (Myctophidae) larvae along the Brazilian coast (12-22 degrees S) between 200 m and the surface. Three cruises were conducted during the spring/1998, winter/1999 and autumn/2000. A total of 3,394 lanternfish larvae were identified representing 27 species and Lepidophanes guentheri (Goode & Bean, 1896) was the most abundant. Most of the identified taxa were in the postflexion stage. Myctophid larvae were more numerous during the winter. Most taxa were distributed widely from 12-22 degrees S, including some seamounts, and occurred mainly outside the 1,000 m isobath. Although there was no difference in the myctophid community among the coastal, oceanic and seamount regions it was significantly different during the three seasons. During the spring and autumn Hygophum reinhardtii (Lutken, 1892) was the discriminating species while in the winter there were more L. guentheri.
C1 [de Castro, Marcia S.; Bonecker, Ana Cristina T.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Biol, Dept Zool, CCS, BR-21941590 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
[Richards, William J.] NOAA Fisheries, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP de Castro, MS (reprint author), Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Biol, Dept Zool, CCS, Bloco A, BR-21941590 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
EM mscastro@biologia.ufrj.br; bill.richards@noaa.gov; ana@biologia.ufrj.br
RI Castro, Marcia/A-6026-2013; Bonecker, Ana/M-5669-2013
OI Bonecker, Ana/0000-0003-2606-884X
FU Comite Executivo, Comissao Interministerial para os Recursos do Mar
(SECIRM); Ministerio do Meio Ambiente (MMA); Plano Setorial para os
Recursos do Mar; Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal he Nivel
Superior (CAPES)
FX The authors thank the team of Zooplankton and Ichthyoplankton Integrated
Laboratory of Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro for assistance in
field surveys. We also thank S.L.C. Bonecker for his comments on this
manuscript and his help on data interpretation. Thanks to H.G. Moser tor
his help in larval identification and J.L. Valentin for his help with
correspondence analysis. We thank M. Macedo for the artwork in ACC
analysis. This study was supported by the Comite Executivo, Comissao
Interministerial para os Recursos do Mar (SECIRM), Ministerio do Meio
Ambiente (MMA), Plano Setorial para os Recursos do Mar. Additional
support was provided by grant from Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de
Pessoal he Nivel Superior (CAPES). Temperature and salinity data
obtained during spring and autumn cruises were provided by Hydrobiology
laboratory of Universidade Federal do Rio he Janeiro.
NR 54
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U1 0
U2 8
PU SOC BRASILEIRA ZOOLOGIA, UNIV FEDERAL PARANA
PI CURITIBA
PA CAIXA POSTAL 19020, CURITIBA, PARANA 81531-980, BRAZIL
SN 1984-4670
J9 ZOOLOGIA-CURITIBA
JI Zoologia
PD AUG
PY 2010
VL 27
IS 4
BP 541
EP 553
DI 10.1590/S1984-46702010000400006
PG 13
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 648JJ
UT WOS:000281689000006
ER
PT J
AU MacFadyen, A
Hickey, BM
AF MacFadyen, Amoreena
Hickey, Barbara M.
TI Generation and evolution of a topographically linked, mesoscale eddy
under steady and variable wind-forcing
SO CONTINENTAL SHELF RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE California Current System; Northeast Pacific; Mesoscale eddy dynamics;
Flow-topography interactions; Numerical circulation modeling; Juan de
Fuca Eddy
ID DE-FUCA EDDY; CALIFORNIA CURRENT SYSTEM; SANTA-BARBARA CHANNEL;
CONTINENTAL-SHELF; VANCOUVER-ISLAND; DOMOIC ACID; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST;
WASHINGTON COAST; PSEUDO-NITZSCHIA; MODELING-SYSTEM
AB Numerical simulations with the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) are used to study the initial spin-up and the evolution of a mesoscale, topographically linked eddy under steady and variable wind conditions. The development of a pool of dense water on the southern Vancouver Island shelf allows cyclonic eddies formed by coastal upwelling off Cape Flattery to spread westward, ultimately contributing to the shelf-wide circulation known as the Juan de Fuca Eddy. This dense water arises through upwelling of water present in the underlying canyon system and tidal mixing over several shallow banks to the north. Tidal mixing is critical to the separation of the eddy from the coast. Although steady upwelling winds with a seasonal mean magnitude (combined with estuarine flow and tides) produce an eddy, only fluctuating winds with timescales and magnitudes typical of the region result in an eddy with a westward extent similar to seasonal observations. With each period of upwelling-favorable winds, newly upwelled water from the coast is entrained into the eddy which grows in size and moves westward. Wind events also significantly affect the baroclinic structure of the eddy. Specifically, during typical summer wind reversals, model surface drifters continue to move cyclonically within the eddy for several days after each downwelling wind event. Under upwelling-favorable wind conditions, model drifters exit the eddy to the southeast as the eddy and coastal upwelling fronts merge into a continuous southeastward shelf break jet. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [MacFadyen, Amoreena; Hickey, Barbara M.] Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP MacFadyen, A (reprint author), NOAA, Off Response & Restorat, Emergency Response Div, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM amy.macfadyen@noaa.gov
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) [NA17OP2789,
NA09NOS4780180]; National Science Foundation [OCE-0234587, OCE-0942675];
ECOHAB; PNWTOX; NOAA [NA07OA0310]; ECOHAB [332]
FX This work was supported by grants from the Coastal Ocean Program of the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) (NA17OP2789,
NA09NOS4780180) and the National Science Foundation (OCE-0234587,
OCE-0942675) as part of the ECOHAB Pacific Northwest project and the
PNWTOX project, in addition to the NOAA Monitoring and Event Response
for Harmful Algal Blooms program (NA07OA0310). The findings and
conclusions are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect
those of NOAA or the Department of Commerce. This is contribution #332
of the ECOHAB program and publication #28 of the ECOHAB PNW program. We
would like to thank Mike Foreman (DFO Canada) for comments on an early
version of this manuscript and for his collaboration in the initial
model development. We also thank Susan Geier (UW) for her ongoing
support for the ECOHAB PNW team. CID data presented was collected aboard
the R/V Atlantis (July 2005) and R/V Melville (September 2005) and was
processed by Nancy Kachel (UW). Finally, this work would not have been
possible without the tools and support provided by the ROMS model
developers and online community.
NR 40
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U1 1
U2 7
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0278-4343
J9 CONT SHELF RES
JI Cont. Shelf Res.
PD JUL 31
PY 2010
VL 30
IS 13
BP 1387
EP 1402
DI 10.1016/j.csr.2010.04.001
PG 16
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 634IH
UT WOS:000280573800001
ER
PT J
AU Sleeman, JC
Meekan, MG
Wilson, SG
Polovina, JJ
Stevens, JD
Boggs, GS
Bradshaw, CJA
AF Sleeman, Jai C.
Meekan, Mark G.
Wilson, Steven G.
Polovina, Jeffrey J.
Stevens, John D.
Boggs, Guy S.
Bradshaw, Corey J. A.
TI To go or not to go with the flow: Environmental influences on whale
shark movement patterns
SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Geostrophic currents; Migration; Oceanography; Passive diffusion model;
Rhincodon typus; Satellite tracking
ID CENTRAL NORTH PACIFIC; RHINCODON-TYPUS; WESTERN-AUSTRALIA; NINGALOO
REEF; BASKING SHARKS; OCEAN CURRENTS; SEA-TURTLES; MULTIMODEL INFERENCE;
SATELLITE TRACKING; FORAGING BEHAVIOR
AB Seven whale sharks were tracked using satellite-linked tags from Ningaloo Reef, off northern Western Australia, following tagging in April and June 2002 and April-May 2005. We investigated how the movements of those whale shark tracks were influenced by geostrophic surface currents during sequential one-week periods by using a passive diffusion model parameterised with observed starting locations of the sharks and weekly maps of surface current velocity and direction (derived from altimetry). We compared the outputs from the passive diffusion model and maps of chlorophyll-a concentration (SeaWiFs/MODIS) and with the actual tracks of the sharks using GIS and generalized linear mixed-effects models (GLMM). The GLMM indicated very little support for passive diffusion with sea-surface ocean currents influencing whale shark distributions in the north eastern Indian Ocean. Moreover, the sharks' movements correlated only weakly with the spatial distribution of sea-surface chlorophyll-a concentrations. The seven whale sharks had average swimming speeds comparable with those recorded in other satellite tracking studies of this species. Swimming speeds of the seven sharks were similar to those reported in previous studies and up to three times greater than the maximum sea-surface current velocities that the sharks encountered while traversing into lower southerly latitudes (moving northward towards the equator). Our results indicate that whale sharks departing from Ningaloo travel actively and independently of near-surface currents where they spend most of their time despite additional metabolic costs of this behaviour. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Sleeman, Jai C.; Boggs, Guy S.] Charles Darwin Univ, GIS & Remote Sensing Grp, Darwin, NT 0909, Australia.
[Meekan, Mark G.] Australian Inst Marine Sci, Casuarina Mc, NT 0811, Australia.
[Wilson, Steven G.] Stanford Univ, Hopkins Marine Stn, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
[Polovina, Jeffrey J.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA.
[Stevens, John D.] CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Res, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia.
[Bradshaw, Corey J. A.] Univ Adelaide, Inst Environm, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
[Bradshaw, Corey J. A.] Univ Adelaide, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
[Bradshaw, Corey J. A.] S Australian Res & Dev Inst, Henley Beach, SA 5022, Australia.
RP Sleeman, JC (reprint author), Charles Darwin Univ, GIS & Remote Sensing Grp, Darwin, NT 0909, Australia.
EM jai.sleeman@cdu.edu.au
RI Bradshaw, Corey/A-1311-2008
OI Bradshaw, Corey/0000-0002-5328-7741
FU Osso Blue; Australian Institute of Marine Science; CSIRO Marine and
Atmospheric Research; BHP Billiton Ltd.; Woodside Energy Ltd.; Chevron;
U.S. NOAA Fisheries; DEC; Hubbs-SeaWorld Research Institute
FX We thank C. McLean (AIMS), M. Horsham (CSIRO Marine & Atmospheric
Research), G. Taylor and T. Maxwell for assistance in the field and M.
Horsham for his design and modification of the satellite tag applicator.
We also thank the R. Mau and the Western Australian Department of
Environment and Conservation (formerly CALM) for their logistic
assistance and T. Maxwell for support from his vessel Osso Blue. This
research was supported by funding from the Australian Institute of
Marine Science, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, BHP Billiton
Ltd., Woodside Energy Ltd., Chevron, U.S. NOAA Fisheries, DEC and
Hubbs-SeaWorld Research Institute. [SS]
NR 41
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U1 1
U2 52
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-0981
J9 J EXP MAR BIOL ECOL
JI J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol.
PD JUL 31
PY 2010
VL 390
IS 2
BP 84
EP 98
DI 10.1016/j.jembe.2010.05.009
PG 15
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 630YU
UT WOS:000280313600003
ER
PT J
AU Piehler, MF
Currin, CA
Hall, NS
AF Piehler, Michael F.
Currin, Carolyn A.
Hall, Nathan S.
TI Estuarine intertidal sandflat benthic microalgal responses to in situ
and mesocosm nitrogen additions
SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Benthic microalgae; Nitrogen; Intertidal flat; Eutrophication; Primary
productivity; Microphytobenthos
ID PHYTOPLANKTON ABUNDANCE; NUTRIENT LIMITATION; TOP-DOWN;
MICROPHYTOBENTHOS; WATER; ECOSYSTEMS; SEDIMENT; COMMUNITIES; BIOMASS;
FLUXES
AB Benthic microalgal communities are important components of estuarine food webs and make substantial contributions to coastal materials cycling. Nitrogen is generally the limiting factor for marine primary production: however other factors can limit benthic primary producers because of their access to the additional nutrients found in sediment porewater. Field and laboratory experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that water column nitrogen supply affects estuarine sandflat benthic microalgal community structure and function. Our field and mesocosm experiments assessed changes at both the population and functional group levels. Simulated water column nitrogen additions increased maximum community photosynthesis in most cases (Pb(max) from photosynthesis vs. irradiance curves). Additional changes that resulted from nitrogen additions were decreases in porewater phosphate, increases in porewater ammonium, shifts in community composition from N(2) fixing cyanobacteria toward diatoms, and detectable, though not statistically significant increases in biomass (as chlorophyll a). Results from field and laboratory experiments were quite similar, suggesting that laboratory experiments support accurate predictions of the response of intertidal benthic microalgae to changes in water column nutrient conditions. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Piehler, Michael F.; Hall, Nathan S.] UNC CH Inst Marine Sci, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA.
[Currin, Carolyn A.] NOAA, NOS, Ctr Coastal Fisheries & Habitat Res, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
RP Piehler, MF (reprint author), UNC CH Inst Marine Sci, 3431 Arendell St, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA.
EM mpiehler@email.unc.edu
RI Piehler, Michael/C-3844-2011
FU NOAA; North Carolina Sea Grant
FX We thank V. Winklemann and J. Brewer for field and laboratory
assistance. We acknowledge the NOAA Ecological Effects of Sea Level Rise
Program and North Carolina Sea Grant for funding that contributed to the
generation of this manuscript. We appreciate the editorial comments
provided by W. Sunda and R. Waggett and the input of our anonymous
reviewers. [SS]
NR 35
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 19
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-0981
J9 J EXP MAR BIOL ECOL
JI J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol.
PD JUL 31
PY 2010
VL 390
IS 2
BP 99
EP 105
DI 10.1016/j.jembe.2010.05.012
PG 7
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 630YU
UT WOS:000280313600004
ER
PT J
AU Tselioudis, G
Tromeur, E
Rossow, WB
Zerefos, CS
AF Tselioudis, George
Tromeur, Eric
Rossow, William B.
Zerefos, C. S.
TI Decadal changes in tropical convection suggest effects on stratospheric
water vapor
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID TROPOPAUSE TEMPERATURES; WESTERN PACIFIC; CLOUD REGIMES; CIRCULATION
AB Analysis of satellite observations of tropical Weather States derived from a cluster analysis of ISCCP cloud property retrievals, shows that the deep convection Weather State increased in frequency from 1983 to about 2000 and remained at a nearly constant level after that. The sharpest deep convection increase occurred between 1993 and 2000. This convection variability is driven by changes that occur in the Indian Ocean and the Western-Central Pacific regions, which are the regions where the majority of deep tropical convection occurs. Analysis modifications to account for satellite coverage changes during the period under examination do not alter these findings. Previous studies showed that stratospheric water vapor increased from 1980 to 2000 and dropped after that to lower levels that persist until today, and that this change could explain part of the recent global temperature variability. Since tropical deep convection is an important mechanism affecting stratospheric water vapor concentrations, the observed decadal changes in tropical deep convection could explain in part the stratospheric water vapor variability patterns. Citation: Tselioudis, G., E. Tromeur, W. B. Rossow, and C. S. Zerefos (2010), Decadal changes in tropical convection suggest effects on stratospheric water vapor, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L14806, doi:10.1029/2010GL044092.
C1 [Tselioudis, George] Columbia Univ, NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA.
[Tselioudis, George; Zerefos, C. S.] Acad Athens, Ctr Atmospher Phys & Climatol, Athens 11251, Greece.
[Tromeur, Eric; Rossow, William B.] CUNY, NOAA, CREST, New York, NY 10031 USA.
RP Tselioudis, G (reprint author), Columbia Univ, NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY 10025 USA.
EM gtselioudis@giss.nasa.gov
RI Rossow, William/F-3138-2015
FU NASA [08MAP0004, NNXD7AN04G]
FX We thank an anonymous reviewer for thorough and constructive comments.
Work by GT and W. B. R was supported by the NASA Modeling and Analysis
Program (managed by David Considine, formerly by Don Anderson), under
grants 08MAP0004 and NNXD7AN04G.
NR 15
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUL 30
PY 2010
VL 37
AR L14806
DI 10.1029/2010GL044092
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 634MC
UT WOS:000280585100007
ER
PT J
AU Quay, PD
Peacock, C
Bjorkman, K
Karl, DM
AF Quay, P. D.
Peacock, C.
Bjoerkman, K.
Karl, D. M.
TI Measuring primary production rates in the ocean: Enigmatic results
between incubation and non-incubation methods at Station ALOHA
SO GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
LA English
DT Article
ID TRIPLE-ISOTOPE COMPOSITION; PACIFIC SUBTROPICAL GYRE; NET COMMUNITY
PRODUCTION; GROSS OXYGEN PRODUCTION; GAS-EXCHANGE; BIOGEOCHEMICAL
VARIABILITY; METABOLIC BALANCE; SOUTHERN-OCEAN; TIME-SERIES; IN-VITRO
AB Primary production (PP) rates were estimated using concurrent C-14 and O-18 bottle incubations and a non-incubation oxygen isotope ((17)Delta) based method during monthly cruises to the time series station ALOHA in the subtropical N. Pacific Ocean between March, 2006 and February, 2008. The mean gross oxygen production (GOP) rate in the photic layer (0-200m) at ALOHA was estimated at 103 +/- 43 and 78 +/- 17 mmol O-2 m(-2) d(-1) from the (17)Delta and O-18 methods, respectively. In comparison, the mean C-14-PP rate (daytime incubations) in the photic layer was 42 +/- 7 mmol C m(-2) d(-1) (502 +/- 84 mg C m(-2) d(-1)). Seasonal and depth variability (% change) for GOP rate was 2-3 times that for C-14-PP. The non-incubation (17)Delta-GOP rates consistently exceeded the incubation O-18-GOP rates by 25-60%, and possible methodological biases were evaluated. A supersaturation of the dissolved O-2/Ar gas ratio was measured every month yielding a mean annual value of 101.3 +/- 0.1% and indicating a consistent net autotrophic condition in the mixed layer at ALOHA. The mean annual net community production (NCP) rate at ALOHA estimated from dissolved O-2/Ar gas ratio was 14 +/- 4 mmol O-2 m(-2) d(-1) (120 +/- 33 mg C m(-2) d(-1) or 3.7 +/- 1.0 mol C m(-2) yr(-1)) for the mixed layer. A NCP/GOP ratio of 0.19 +/- 0.08 determined from (17)Delta and O-2/Ar measurements indicated that similar to 20% of gross photosynthetic production was available for export and harvest.
C1 [Quay, P. D.] Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Peacock, C.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Bjoerkman, K.; Karl, D. M.] Univ Hawaii, Dept Oceanog, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Quay, PD (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM pdquay@u.washington.edu
FU NSF [OCE 0525843, OCE 0326616]; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
FX We thank the crew and personnel during all the HOT cruises for their
assistance with sample collection. Thanks to Mark Haught for helping
with the oxygen isotope and O2/Ar measurements and to Laurie
Juranek for advice on sample collection and 18O spiking
procedures. In particular, we want to acknowledge the financial support
by NSF Ocean Sciences under grant OCE 0525843 (P.D.Q.) and OCE 0326616
(D.M.K.) and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (D.M.K.).
NR 53
TC 49
Z9 51
U1 2
U2 25
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0886-6236
EI 1944-9224
J9 GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEM CY
JI Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle
PD JUL 30
PY 2010
VL 24
AR GB3014
DI 10.1029/2009GB003665
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 634MH
UT WOS:000280585600002
ER
PT J
AU Bierwirth, E
Wendisch, M
Jakel, E
Ehrlich, A
Schmidt, KS
Stark, H
Pilewskie, P
Esselborn, M
Gobbi, GP
Ferrare, R
Muller, T
Clarke, A
AF Bierwirth, Eike
Wendisch, Manfred
Jaekel, Evelyn
Ehrlich, Andre
Schmidt, K. Sebastian
Stark, Harald
Pilewskie, Peter
Esselborn, Michael
Gobbi, Gian Paolo
Ferrare, Richard
Mueller, Thomas
Clarke, Antony
TI A new method to retrieve the aerosol layer absorption coefficient from
airborne flux density and actinic radiation measurements
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID SPECTRAL-RESOLUTION LIDAR; SAHARAN DUST; SAMUM 2006; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES;
LOWER TROPOSPHERE; PHOTOLYSIS FREQUENCY; LIGHT-ABSORPTION; MOROCCO;
OZONE; CLOUD
AB A new method is presented to derive the mean value of the spectral absorption coefficient of an aerosol layer from combined airborne measurements of spectral net irradiance and actinic flux density. While the method is based on a theoretical relationship of radiative transfer theory, it is applied to atmospheric radiation measurements for the first time. The data have been collected with the Spectral Modular Airborne Radiation Measurement System (SMART-Albedometer), the Solar Spectral Flux Radiometer (SSFR), and the Actinic Flux Spectroradiometer (AFSR) during four field campaigns between 2002 and 2008 (the Saharan Mineral Dust Experiment (SAMUM), the Influence of Clouds on the Spectral Actinic Flux in the Lower Troposphere (INSPECTRO) project, and the Arctic Research of the Composition of the Troposphere from Aircraft and Satellites and Aerosol, Radiation, and Cloud Processes Affecting Arctic Climate (ARCTAS/ARCPAC) projects). The retrieval algorithm is tested in a series of radiative transfer model runs and then applied to measurement cases with different aerosol species and loading. The method is shown to be a feasible approach to obtain the mean aerosol absorption coefficient across a given accessible altitude range. The results indicate that the method is viable whenever the difference of the net irradiance at the top and bottom of a layer is equal to or higher than the measurement uncertainty for net irradiance. This can be achieved by a high optical depth or a low single-scattering albedo within the layer.
C1 [Bierwirth, Eike; Wendisch, Manfred; Ehrlich, Andre] Univ Leipzig, Leipziger Inst Meteorol, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
[Bierwirth, Eike; Schmidt, K. Sebastian; Pilewskie, Peter] Univ Colorado, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Jaekel, Evelyn] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Atmospher Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
[Stark, Harald] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Esselborn, Michael] Deutsch Zentrum Luft & Raumfahrt, Inst Phys Atmosphare, D-82234 Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany.
[Gobbi, Gian Paolo] CNR, Inst Atmospher Sci & Climate, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
[Ferrare, Richard] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
[Mueller, Thomas] Leibniz Inst Tropospher Res, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany.
[Clarke, Antony] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci & Technol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Bierwirth, E (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, Campus Box 392 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM eike.bierwirth@gmx.de
RI Stark, Harald/E-7433-2010; SCHMIDT, KONRAD SEBASTIAN/C-1258-2013;
Ehrlich, Andre/H-9670-2013; Wendisch, Manfred/E-4175-2013; Mueller,
Thomas/E-5426-2015
OI SCHMIDT, KONRAD SEBASTIAN/0000-0003-3899-228X; Wendisch,
Manfred/0000-0002-4652-5561;
FU German Research Foundation (Research Group SAMUM); NASA (ARCTAS); NOAA
(ARCPAC)
FX The authors are grateful to all field campaign participants who made the
experiments possible, especially the aircraft operators, pilots, and
coordinators. The field campaigns were supported by the German Research
Foundation (Research Group SAMUM), NASA (ARCTAS), and NOAA (ARCPAC).
Analyses used in this paper were produced with TOMS data from the
Giovanni online data system, developed and maintained by the NASA
Goddard Earth Sciences (GES) Data and Information Services Center
(DISC).
NR 47
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUL 30
PY 2010
VL 115
AR D14211
DI 10.1029/2009JD013636
PG 11
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 634MV
UT WOS:000280587200007
ER
PT J
AU Cai, WJ
Chen, LQ
Chen, BS
Gao, ZY
Lee, SH
Chen, JF
Pierrot, D
Sullivan, K
Wang, YC
Hu, XP
Huang, WJ
Zhang, YH
Xu, SQ
Murata, A
Grebmeier, JM
Jones, EP
Zhang, HS
AF Cai, Wei-Jun
Chen, Liqi
Chen, Baoshan
Gao, Zhongyong
Lee, Sang H.
Chen, Jianfang
Pierrot, Denis
Sullivan, Kevin
Wang, Yongchen
Hu, Xinping
Huang, Wei-Jen
Zhang, Yuanhui
Xu, Suqing
Murata, Akihiko
Grebmeier, Jacqueline M.
Jones, E. Peter
Zhang, Haisheng
TI Decrease in the CO2 Uptake Capacity in an Ice-Free Arctic Ocean Basin
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID SPATIAL VARIABILITY; CARBON-DIOXIDE; ACIDIFICATION; SHELF;
PHYTOPLANKTON; SEAS
AB It has been predicted that the Arctic Ocean will sequester much greater amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere as a result of sea ice melt and increasing primary productivity. However, this prediction was made on the basis of observations from either highly productive ocean margins or ice-covered basins before the recent major ice retreat. We report here a high-resolution survey of sea-surface CO2 concentration across the Canada Basin, showing a great increase relative to earlier observations. Rapid CO2 invasion from the atmosphere and low biological CO2 drawdown are the main causes for the higher CO2, which also acts as a barrier to further CO2 invasion. Contrary to the current view, we predict that the Arctic Ocean basin will not become a large atmospheric CO2 sink under ice-free conditions.
C1 [Cai, Wei-Jun; Chen, Baoshan; Wang, Yongchen; Hu, Xinping; Huang, Wei-Jen] Univ Georgia, Dept Marine Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Chen, Liqi; Gao, Zhongyong; Zhang, Yuanhui; Xu, Suqing] SOA, Inst Oceanog 3, Key Lab Global Change & Marine Atmospher Chem, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China.
[Lee, Sang H.] Korea Polar Res Inst, Inchon 406840, South Korea.
[Chen, Jianfang; Zhang, Haisheng] SOA, Inst Oceanog 2, Lab Marine Ecosyst & Biogeochem, Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang, Peoples R China.
[Pierrot, Denis; Sullivan, Kevin] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Ocean Chem Div, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Pierrot, Denis; Sullivan, Kevin] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Murata, Akihiko] Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol, Res Inst Global Change, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 2370061, Japan.
[Grebmeier, Jacqueline M.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Solomons, MD 20688 USA.
[Jones, E. Peter] Bedford Inst Oceanog, Ocean Sci Div, Dept Fisheries & Oceans, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada.
RP Cai, WJ (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Marine Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
EM wcai@uga.edu
RI Hu, Xinping/F-6282-2011; Cai, Wei-Jun/C-1361-2013; Grebmeier,
Jacqueline/L-9805-2013; Pierrot, Denis/A-7459-2014
OI Hu, Xinping/0000-0002-0613-6545; Cai, Wei-Jun/0000-0003-3606-8325;
Grebmeier, Jacqueline/0000-0001-7624-3568; Pierrot,
Denis/0000-0002-0374-3825
FU Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2009DFA22920]; Natural
Science Foundation of China [40531007]; U.S. National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration [NA05OAR4311161, NA09OAR4310078]; NSF
[ARC-0909330]; Korean Arctic Research project [PM09020]; Chinese Arctic
and Antarctic Administration; Polar Research Institute of China
FX We thank R. Wanninkhof, P. Yager, and N. Bates for discussions; J. Zhao
for the salinity and temperature data; and H. Li and S. Gao for sample
collection. Funding for the CHINARE CO2 survey and subsequent
synthesis was provided by the Ministry of Science and Technology of
China (2009DFA22920), the Natural Science Foundation of China
(40531007), and the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
(NA05OAR4311161 and NA09OAR4310078) and NSF (ARC-0909330). The
measurements for primary production of phytoplankton were funded by a
Korean Arctic Research project (PM09020). We also thank the Chinese
Arctic and Antarctic Administration and the Polar Research Institute of
China for their support. We are grateful to the captain and crew of
icebreaker Xuelong.
NR 25
TC 91
Z9 109
U1 5
U2 71
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD JUL 30
PY 2010
VL 329
IS 5991
BP 556
EP 559
DI 10.1126/science.1189338
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 633EX
UT WOS:000280483500034
PM 20651119
ER
PT J
AU Yong, B
Ren, LL
Hong, Y
Wang, JH
Gourley, JJ
Jiang, SH
Chen, X
Wang, W
AF Yong, Bin
Ren, Li-Liang
Hong, Yang
Wang, Jia-Hu
Gourley, Jonathan J.
Jiang, Shan-Hu
Chen, Xi
Wang, Wen
TI Hydrologic evaluation of Multisatellite Precipitation Analysis standard
precipitation products in basins beyond its inclined latitude band: A
case study in Laohahe basin, China
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID SMALL-SCALE RAINFALL; GLOBAL PRECIPITATION; UNITED-STATES;
SATELLITE-OBSERVATIONS; PASSIVE MICROWAVE; ANALYSIS TMPA; PART II; TRMM;
SURFACE; MODEL
AB Two standard Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Multisatellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA) products, 3B42RT and 3B42V6, were quantitatively evaluated in the Laohahe basin, China, located within the TMPA product latitude band (50 degrees NS) but beyond the inclined TRMM satellite latitude band (36 degrees NS). In general, direct comparison of TMPA rainfall estimates to collocated rain gauges from 2000 to 2005 show that the spatial and temporal rainfall characteristics over the region are well captured by the 3B42V6 estimates. Except for a few months with underestimation, the 3B42RT estimates show unrealistic overestimation nearly year round, which needs to be resolved in future upgrades to the real-time estimation algorithm. Both model-parameter error analysis and hydrologic application suggest that the three-layer Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC-3L) model cannot tolerate the nonphysical overestimation behavior of 3B42RT through the hydrologic integration processes, and as such the 3B42RT data have almost no hydrologic utility, even at the monthly scale. In contrast, the 3B42V6 data can produce much better hydrologic predictions with reduced error propagation from input to streamflow at both the daily and monthly scales. This study also found the error structures of both RT and V6 have a significant geo-topography-dependent distribution pattern, closely associated with latitude and elevation bands, suggesting current limitations with TRMM-era algorithms at high latitudes and high elevations in general. Looking into the future Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) era, the Geostationary Infrared (GEO-IR) estimates still have a long-term role in filling the inevitable gaps in microwave coverage, as well as in enabling sub-hourly estimates at typical 4-km grid scales. Thus, this study affirms the call for a real-time systematic bias removal in future upgrades to the IR-based RT algorithm using a simple scaling factor. This correction is based on MW-based monthly rainfall climatologies applied to the combined monthly satellite-gauge research products.
C1 [Yong, Bin; Ren, Li-Liang; Jiang, Shan-Hu; Chen, Xi; Wang, Wen] Hohai Univ, State Key Lab Hydrol Water Resources & Hydraul En, Nanjing 210098, Peoples R China.
[Yong, Bin; Hong, Yang; Wang, Jia-Hu] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Civil Engn & Environm Sci, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Hong, Yang] Natl Weather Ctr, Ctr Nat Hazard & Disaster Res, Norman, OK USA.
[Gourley, Jonathan J.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
RP Yong, B (reprint author), Hohai Univ, State Key Lab Hydrol Water Resources & Hydraul En, Nanjing 210098, Peoples R China.
EM yanghong@ou.edu
RI Hong, Yang/D-5132-2009; Yong, Bin/C-2257-2014; Gourley,
Jonathan/C-7929-2016; Measurement, Global/C-4698-2015
OI Hong, Yang/0000-0001-8720-242X; Yong, Bin/0000-0003-1466-2091; Gourley,
Jonathan/0000-0001-7363-3755;
FU National Key Basic Research Program of China [2006CB400502]; National
Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China [40901017]; 111 Project
[B08048]; Chinese Ministry of Education [308012]; Program for Changjiang
Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University [IRT0717]; State Key
Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering
[2009586512]; NASA Headquarter [NNX08AM57G]
FX The fund for this research and gauged rainfall and streamflow
observations used in this paper were supplied by the National Key Basic
Research Program of China (grant 2006CB400502) and the National Science
Foundation for Young Scientists of China (grant 40901017). This work was
financially supported by the 111 Project (grant B08048), the Key Project
of Chinese Ministry of Education (grant 308012), the Program for
Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (grant
IRT0717), and the Independent Innovation Project of State Key Laboratory
of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering (grant
2009586512). The authors also acknowledge the funding support granted by
NASA Headquarter (grant NNX08AM57G) and the computational facility
provided by Center for Natural Hazard and Disaster Research, National
Weather Center at University of Oklahoma Research Campus. Additionally,
the authors would like to thank three anonymous reviewers for their
comments on an earlier version of this paper. Last but not least, we
wish to extend our appreciation to Fengge Su and Li Li for their helpful
suggestions for this work.
NR 54
TC 78
Z9 88
U1 7
U2 36
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD JUL 30
PY 2010
VL 46
AR W07542
DI 10.1029/2009WR008965
PG 20
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA 634OA
UT WOS:000280591200006
ER
PT J
AU van Dam, T
Altamimi, Z
Collilieux, X
Ray, J
AF van Dam, T.
Altamimi, Z.
Collilieux, X.
Ray, J.
TI Topographically induced height errors in predicted atmospheric loading
effects
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
ID SURFACE PRESSURE; DEFORMATION; MASS; GRAVITY; EARTH; GPS
AB Atmospheric pressure variations are known to induce vertical displacements of the Earth's surface with magnitudes large enough to be detected by geodetic observations. Estimates of these loading effects are derived using global reanalysis fields of surface pressure as input. The input surface pressure has a minimum spatial sampling, which does not capture true surface pressure variations due to high topographic variability in some regions. In this paper, we investigate the effect that unmodeled topographic variability has on surface pressure estimates and subsequent estimates of vertical surface displacements. We find that the estimated height changes from the topographic surface pressure can be significant (2-4 mm) for sites in regions of high topographic variability. When we compare the estimated height changes to Global Positioning System residuals from the 2005 International Terrestrial Reference Frame Realization, we find that the heights derived from the topographic surface pressure, versus those from the normal surface pressure, perform better at reducing the scatter on the height coordinate time series.
C1 [van Dam, T.] Univ Luxembourg, Fac Sci Technol & Commun, L-1359 Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
[Altamimi, Z.; Collilieux, X.] Inst Geog Natl, Lab Rech Geodesie, F-77455 Marne La Vallee, France.
[Ray, J.] NOAA, Natl Geodet Survey, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP van Dam, T (reprint author), Univ Luxembourg, Fac Sci Technol & Commun, 6 Rue Richard Coudenhove Kalergi, L-1359 Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
EM tonie.vandam@uni.lu
RI Altamimi, Zuheir/A-4168-2009
NR 22
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD JUL 29
PY 2010
VL 115
AR B07415
DI 10.1029/2009JB006810
PG 10
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 634NL
UT WOS:000280589600002
ER
PT J
AU Li, SM
Satija, II
Clark, CW
Rey, AM
AF Li, Shuming
Satija, Indubala I.
Clark, Charles W.
Rey, Ana Maria
TI Exploring complex phenomena using ultracold atoms in bichromatic
lattices
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E
LA English
DT Article
ID TONKS-GIRARDEAU GAS; OPTICAL LATTICE; SCHRODINGER-EQUATION; MOTT
INSULATOR; WAVE-FUNCTIONS; LOCALIZATION; TRANSITION; SYSTEMS; FERMIONS;
PHYSICS
AB With an underlying common theme of competing length scales, we study the many-body Schrodinger equation in a quasiperiodic potential and discuss its connection with the Kolmogorov-Arnold-Moser (KAM) problem of classical mechanics. We propose a possible visualization of such connection in experimentally accessible many-body observables. Those observables are useful probes for the three characteristic phases of the problem: the metallic, Anderson and band insulator phases. In addition, they exhibit fingerprints of non-linear phenomena such as bifurcations and devil's staircases. Our numerical treatment is complemented with a perturbative analysis which provides insight on the underlying physics. The perturbation theory approach is particularly useful in illuminating the distinction between the Anderson insulator and the band insulator phases in terms of paired sets of dimerized states.
C1 [Li, Shuming; Rey, Ana Maria] Univ Colorado, JILA, NIST, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Satija, Indubala I.] George Mason Univ, Dept Phys, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Satija, Indubala I.; Clark, Charles W.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Satija, Indubala I.; Clark, Charles W.] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Li, SM (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, NIST, Dept Phys, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RI Clark, Charles/A-8594-2009
OI Clark, Charles/0000-0001-8724-9885
FU NSF-PFC; Office of Naval Research [N00014-09-1-1025A]; National
Institute of Standards and Technology [70NANB7H6138, Am 001]; NIST
FX A.M.R. and S.L. acknowledge support from the NSF-PFC grant and NIST.
Research of I.I.S. is supported by the Grant No. N00014-09-1-1025A by
the Office of Naval Research, and the Grant No. 70NANB7H6138, Am 001 by
the National Institute of Standards and Technology.
NR 34
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1539-3755
J9 PHYS REV E
JI Phys. Rev. E
PD JUL 29
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 1
AR 016217
DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.82.016217
PN 2
PG 11
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 633AR
UT WOS:000280472400003
PM 20866717
ER
PT J
AU Mansfield, ML
Douglas, JF
AF Mansfield, Marc L.
Douglas, Jack F.
TI Properties of knotted ring polymers. II. Transport properties
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID MONTE-CARLO CALCULATION; DNA KNOTS; HYDRODYNAMIC PROPERTIES;
INTRINSIC-VISCOSITY; GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; CYCLIC POLYMERS; MOBILITY;
MACROMOLECULES; RECOMBINATION; POLYGONS
AB We have calculated the hydrodynamic radius R(h) and intrinsic viscosity [eta] of both lattice self-avoiding rings and lattice theta-state rings that are confined to specific knot states by our path-integration technique. We observe that naive scaling arguments based on the equilibrium polymer size fail for both the hydrodynamic radius and the intrinsic viscosity, at least over accessible chain lengths. (However, we do conjecture that scaling laws will nevertheless prevail at sufficiently large N.) This failure is attributed to a "double" cross-over. One cross-over effect is the transition from delocalized to localized knotting: in short chains, the knot is distributed throughout the chain, while in long chains it becomes localized in only a portion of the chain. This transition occurs slowly with increasing N. The other cross-over, superimposed upon the first, is the so-called "draining" effect, in which transport properties maintain dependence on local structure out to very large N. The hydrodynamic mobility of knotted rings of the same length and backbone structure is correlated with the average crossing number X of the knots. The same correlation between mobility and knot complexity X has been observed for the gel-electrophoretic mobility of cyclic DNA molecules. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3457161]
C1 [Mansfield, Marc L.] Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Chem Chem Biol & Biomed Engn, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA.
[Douglas, Jack F.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Mansfield, ML (reprint author), Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Chem Chem Biol & Biomed Engn, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA.
EM marc.mansfield@stevens.edu; jack.douglas@nist.gov
NR 57
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 6
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD JUL 28
PY 2010
VL 133
IS 4
AR 044904
DI 10.1063/1.3457161
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 637YM
UT WOS:000280854600059
PM 20687683
ER
PT J
AU Mansfield, ML
Douglas, JF
AF Mansfield, Marc L.
Douglas, Jack F.
TI Properties of knotted ring polymers. I. Equilibrium dimensions
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SELF-AVOIDING POLYGONS; ENTANGLEMENT COMPLEXITY; LATTICE POLYGONS;
MONTE-CARLO; SCALING BEHAVIOR; CUBIC LATTICE; TIGHT KNOTS; MODEL;
TOPOLOGY; PHYSICS
AB We report calculations on three classes of knotted ring polymers: (1) simple-cubic lattice self-avoiding rings (SARs), (2) "true" theta-state rings, i.e., SARs generated on the simple-cubic lattice with an attractive nearest-neighbor contact potential (theta-SARs), and (3) ideal, Gaussian rings. Extrapolations to large polymerization index N imply knot localization in all three classes of chains. Extrapolations of our data are also consistent with conjectures found in the literature which state that (1) R(g) -> AN(nu) asymptotically for ensembles of random knots restricted to any particular knot state, including the unknot; (2) A is universal across knot types for any given class of flexible chains; and (3) v is equal to the standard self-avoiding walk (SAW) exponent (congruent to 0.588) for all three classes of chains (SARs, theta-SARs, and ideal rings). However, current computer technology is inadequate to directly sample the asymptotic domain, so that we remain in a crossover scaling regime for all accessible values of N. We also observe that R(g)similar to p(-0.27), where p is the "rope length" of the maximally inflated knot. This scaling relation holds in the crossover regime, but we argue that it is unlikely to extend into the asymptotic scaling regime where knots become localized. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3457160]
C1 [Mansfield, Marc L.] Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Chem Chem Biol & Biomed Engn, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA.
[Douglas, Jack F.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Mansfield, ML (reprint author), Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Chem Chem Biol & Biomed Engn, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA.
EM marc.mansfield@stevens.edu; jack.douglas@nist.gov
NR 75
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD JUL 28
PY 2010
VL 133
IS 4
AR 044903
DI 10.1063/1.3457160
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 637YM
UT WOS:000280854600058
PM 20687682
ER
PT J
AU Rodriguez, EE
Zavalij, P
Hsieh, PY
Green, MA
AF Rodriguez, Efrain E.
Zavalij, Peter
Hsieh, Ping-Yen
Green, Mark A.
TI Iodine as an Oxidant in the Topotactic Deintercalation of Interstitial
Iron in Fe1+xTe
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
AB The layered telluride, Fe1+xTe, is a parent compound of the isostructural and superconducting phases, Fe1+x(Te, Se, S). Here we show that, through a simple reaction of 12 vapor with both powder and single crystal samples, the interstitial iron can be removed from the FeTe framework topotactically. Neutron powder diffraction and X-ray single crystal diffraction confirm that the iron being extracted is the partially occupied site that lies between the 2-D blocks of edge-sharing FeTe4 tetrahedra. The deintercalation process has consequences for both magnetic and crystallographic phase transitions in the compound at low temperatures. This technique could be of use for the tuning of stoichiometry of the superconducting phases and therefore enable more careful studies on how chemical composition affects magnetic and superconducting properties.
C1 [Rodriguez, Efrain E.; Hsieh, Ping-Yen; Green, Mark A.] NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Zavalij, Peter] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Hsieh, Ping-Yen; Green, Mark A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Rodriguez, EE (reprint author), NIST, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM efrainr@nist.gov; mark.green@nist.gov
RI Zavalij, Peter/H-3817-2012
OI Zavalij, Peter/0000-0001-5762-3469
NR 11
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 2
U2 36
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0002-7863
J9 J AM CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD JUL 28
PY 2010
VL 132
IS 29
BP 10006
EP 10008
DI 10.1021/ja104004t
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 629VH
UT WOS:000280227700029
PM 20608638
ER
PT J
AU Roh, JH
Guo, LA
Kilburn, JD
Briber, RM
Irving, T
Woodson, SA
AF Roh, Joon Ho
Guo, Liang
Kilburn, J. Duncan
Briber, Robert M.
Irving, Thomas
Woodson, Sarah A.
TI Multistage Collapse of a Bacterial Ribozyme Observed by Time-Resolved
Small-Angle X-ray Scattering
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID GROUP-I RIBOZYME; TETRAHYMENA RIBOZYME; FOLDING KINETICS; CORE HELICES;
RNA; PROTEIN; COMPACTION; PATHWAYS; LANDSCAPE; MECHANISM
AB Ribozymes must fold into compact, native structures to function properly in the cell. The first step in forming the RNA tertiary structure is the neutralization of the phosphate charge by cations, followed by collapse of the unfolded molecules into more compact structures. The specificity of the collapse transition determines the structures of the folding intermediates and the folding time to the native state. However, the forces that enable specific collapse in RNA are not understood. Using time-resolved SAXS, we report that upon addition of 5 mM Mg(2+) to the Azoarcus group I ribozyme up to 80% of chains form compact structures in less than 1 ms. In 1 mM Mg(2+), the collapse transition produces extended structures that slowly approach the folded state, while >= 1.5 mM Mg(2+) leads to an ensemble of random coils that fold with multistage kinetics. Increased flexibility of molecules in the intermediate ensemble correlates with a Mg(2+)-dependent increase in the fast folding population and a previously unobserved crossover in the collapse kinetics. Partial denaturation of the unfolded RNA with urea also increases the fraction of chains following the fast-folding pathway. These results demonstrate that the preferred collapse mechanism depends on the extent of Mg(2+)-dependent charge neutralization and that non-native interactions within the unfolded ensemble contribute to the heterogeneity of the ribozyme folding pathways at the very earliest stages of tertiary structure formation.
C1 [Roh, Joon Ho; Briber, Robert M.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Roh, Joon Ho; Kilburn, J. Duncan; Woodson, Sarah A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, TC Jenkins Dept Biophys, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Roh, Joon Ho] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Neutron Scattering Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Guo, Liang; Irving, Thomas] IIT, Dept BCPS, Chicago, IL 60616 USA.
[Guo, Liang; Irving, Thomas] IIT, CSRRI, BioCAT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA.
RP Roh, JH (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM rohmio1973@gmail.com; rbriber@umd.edu; swoodson@jhu.edu
RI Briber, Robert/A-3588-2012; ID, BioCAT/D-2459-2012;
OI Briber, Robert/0000-0002-8358-5942; Woodson, Sarah/0000-0003-0170-1987
FU NIST; NIH [GM60819, RR-08630]; U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy
Sciences, Office of Science [W-31-109-ENG-38]
FX The authors thank D. Thirumalai for stimulating discussion, R. Behrouzi
for preparation of RNA samples, and M. Mayerle for preparation of T7 RNA
polymerase. This work was supported by NIST and the NIH (GM60819 to
S.W.). Use of the Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U.S.
Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science, under
contract No. W-31-109-ENG-38. BioCAT is a National Institutes of
Health-supported Research Center RR-08630.
NR 42
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 15
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0002-7863
J9 J AM CHEM SOC
JI J. Am. Chem. Soc.
PD JUL 28
PY 2010
VL 132
IS 29
BP 10148
EP 10154
DI 10.1021/ja103867p
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 629VH
UT WOS:000280227700051
PM 20597502
ER
PT J
AU Pepino, RA
Cooper, J
Meiser, D
Anderson, DZ
Holland, MJ
AF Pepino, R. A.
Cooper, J.
Meiser, D.
Anderson, D. Z.
Holland, M. J.
TI Open quantum systems approach to atomtronics
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATE; OPTICAL LATTICE; ATOMS; GAS
AB We derive a quantum master equation to treat quantum systems interacting with multiple reservoirs. The formalism is used to investigate the atomic transport of bosons across a variety of lattice configurations. We demonstrate how the behavior of an electronic diode, a field-effect transistor, and a bipolar junction transistor can be realized with neutral, ultracold atoms trapped in optical lattices. An analysis of the current fluctuations is provided for the case of the atomtronic diode. Finally, we show that it is possible to demonstrate AND logic gate behavior in an optical lattice.
C1 [Pepino, R. A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Pepino, RA (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
FU AFOSR; NSF
FX We would like to thank Rajiv Bhat, Brandon Peden, Brian Seamen, and
Jochen Wachter for their helpful discussions. This work was supported by
AFOSR and NSF.
NR 20
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD JUL 28
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 1
AR 013640
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.82.013640
PG 9
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 632TG
UT WOS:000280450600006
ER
PT J
AU Zawada, DG
Piniak, GA
Hearn, CJ
AF Zawada, David G.
Piniak, Gregory A.
Hearn, Clifford J.
TI Topographic complexity and roughness of a tropical benthic seascape
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID CORAL-REEF; FRACTAL DIMENSION; ECOLOGICAL SCALES; HYDRODYNAMICS; FISHES
AB Topographic complexity is a fundamental structural property of benthic marine ecosystems that exists across all scales and affects a multitude of processes. Coral reefs are a prime example, for which this complexity has been found to impact water flow, species diversity, nutrient uptake, and wave-energy dissipation, among other properties. Despite its importance, only limited assessments are available regarding the distribution or range of topographic complexity within or between benthic communities. Here, we show substantial variability in topographic complexity over the entire inner-shelf seascape of a tropical island. Roughness, estimated in terms of fractal dimension, served as a proxy for topographic complexity, and was computed for linear transects (D-T), as well as the benthic surface (D-S). Spatial variability in both D-T and D-S was correlated with the known distribution of benthic cover types in the seascape. Transect roughness values ranged from 1.0 to 1.7, with features along the shelf edge being markedly anisotropic with an along-shore bias, whereas regions with high scleractinian coral cover were nearly isotropic and exhibited minimal directional bias. Surface-roughness values ranged from 2.0 in predominantly hardbottom areas with low coral cover to 2.5 in areas with high coral cover. Quantifying roughness across the substrates and biological communities for an entire seascape provides a synoptic view of its spatial variability at scales appropriate for numerous research efforts, including ecosystem studies, parameterizing hydrodynamic models, and designing monitoring programs. Citation: Zawada, D. G., G. A. Piniak, and C. J. Hearn (2010), Topographic complexity and roughness of a tropical benthic seascape, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L14604, doi:10.1029/2010GL043789.
C1 [Zawada, David G.] US Geol Survey, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Piniak, Gregory A.] NOAA, Ctr Coastal Fisheries & Habitat Res, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
[Zawada, David G.] Working Sci Consultancies LLC, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
RP Zawada, DG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 600 4th St S, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
EM dzawada@usgs.gov
RI Zawada, David/C-5209-2008
NR 29
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 4
U2 13
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUL 27
PY 2010
VL 37
AR L14604
DI 10.1029/2010GL043789
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 634LZ
UT WOS:000280584700002
ER
PT J
AU Kurka, M
Feist, J
Horner, DA
Rudenko, A
Jiang, YH
Kuhnel, KU
Foucar, L
Rescigno, TN
McCurdy, CW
Pazourek, R
Nagele, S
Schulz, M
Herrwerth, O
Lezius, M
Kling, MF
Schoffler, M
Belkacem, A
Dusterer, S
Treusch, R
Schneider, BI
Collins, LA
Burgdorfer, J
Schroter, CD
Moshammer, R
Ullrich, J
AF Kurka, M.
Feist, J.
Horner, D. A.
Rudenko, A.
Jiang, Y. H.
Kuehnel, K. U.
Foucar, L.
Rescigno, T. N.
McCurdy, C. W.
Pazourek, R.
Nagele, S.
Schulz, M.
Herrwerth, O.
Lezius, M.
Kling, M. F.
Schoeffler, M.
Belkacem, A.
Duesterer, S.
Treusch, R.
Schneider, B. I.
Collins, L. A.
Burgdoerfer, J.
Schroeter, C. D.
Moshammer, R.
Ullrich, J.
TI Differential cross sections for non-sequential double ionization of He
by 52 eV photons from the Free Electron Laser in Hamburg, FLASH
SO NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID 2-PHOTON DOUBLE-IONIZATION; EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET; COHERENT RADIATION;
HELIUM
AB Two-photon double ionization of He is studied at the Free Electron Laser in Hamburg (FLASH) by inspecting He(2+) momentum ((P) over right arrow (He(2+))) distributions at 52 eV photon energy. We demonstrate that recoil ion momentum distributions can be used to infer information about highly correlated electron dynamics and find the first experimental evidence for 'virtual sequential ionization'. The experimental data are compared with the results of two calculations, both solving the time-dependent Schrodinger equation. We find good overall agreement between experiment and theory, with significant differences for cuts along the polarization direction that cannot be explained by the experimental resolution alone.
C1 [Kurka, M.; Rudenko, A.; Jiang, Y. H.; Kuehnel, K. U.; Foucar, L.; Schroeter, C. D.; Moshammer, R.; Ullrich, J.] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
[Kurka, M.; Rudenko, A.; Foucar, L.; Ullrich, J.] CFEL, Max Planck Adv Study Grp, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany.
[Feist, J.; Pazourek, R.; Nagele, S.; Burgdoerfer, J.] Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Theoret Phys, A-1040 Vienna, Austria.
[Feist, J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theoret Atom & Mol Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Horner, D. A.; Collins, L. A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Rescigno, T. N.; McCurdy, C. W.; Schoeffler, M.; Belkacem, A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Chem Sci & Ultrafast Xray Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[McCurdy, C. W.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Appl Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[McCurdy, C. W.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Schulz, M.] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Rolla, MO 65409 USA.
[Schulz, M.] LAMOR, Rolla, MO 65409 USA.
[Herrwerth, O.; Lezius, M.; Kling, M. F.] Max Planck Inst Quantum Opt, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Duesterer, S.; Treusch, R.] DESY, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany.
[Schneider, B. I.] Natl Sci Fdn, Div Phys, Off Cyberinfrastruct, Arlington, VA 22230 USA.
[Schneider, B. I.] NIST, Div Electron & Opt Phys, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Kurka, M (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
EM moritz.kurka@mpi-hd.mpg.de
RI Nagele, Stefan/E-6938-2011; Rudenko, Artem/C-7412-2009; Feist,
Johannes/J-7394-2012; Kling, Matthias/D-3742-2014; Schoeffler,
Markus/B-6261-2008; Treusch, Rolf/C-3935-2015;
OI Nagele, Stefan/0000-0003-1213-0294; Rudenko, Artem/0000-0002-9154-8463;
Feist, Johannes/0000-0002-7972-0646; Schoeffler,
Markus/0000-0001-9214-6848; Treusch, Rolf/0000-0001-8479-8862
FU Max-Planck Advanced Study Group at CFEL; DFG [JI 110/2-1]; US DOE; OBES,
Division of Chemical Sciences [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; NSF [PHY-0604628];
FWF-Austria [SFB016]
FX The authors are greatly indebted to the scientific and technical team at
FLASH, in particular, the machine operators and run coordinators,
striving for optimal beamtime conditions. Support from the Max-Planck
Advanced Study Group at CFEL is gratefully acknowledged. YHJ
acknowledges support from DFG project no. JI 110/2-1. Work at LBNL was
performed under the auspices of the US DOE and supported by the OBES,
Division of Chemical Sciences under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. CWM
acknowledges support from the NSF (grant no. PHY-0604628). The V team
acknowledges support from the NSF TeraGrid computational facilities at
the Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC) and at the National Institute
for Computational Science (NICS), and institutional computing resources
at Los Alamos National Laboratory for computer time to perform the
computations. Work at Vienna University of Technology was supported by
the FWF-Austria (grant no. SFB016). JF acknowledges support from the NSF
through a grant to ITAMP. OH, ML and MFK acknowledge support from the
DFG via the Emmy-Noether programme and the Cluster of Excellence: Munich
Centre for Advanced Photonics.
NR 48
TC 37
Z9 37
U1 0
U2 17
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1367-2630
J9 NEW J PHYS
JI New J. Phys.
PD JUL 27
PY 2010
VL 12
AR 073035
DI 10.1088/1367-2630/12/7/073035
PG 17
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 642RG
UT WOS:000281233600002
ER
PT J
AU Strauch, FW
Jacobs, K
Simmonds, RW
AF Strauch, Frederick W.
Jacobs, Kurt
Simmonds, Raymond W.
TI Arbitrary Control of Entanglement between two Superconducting Resonators
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID QUANTUM STATES; TRAPPED ION; CIRCUIT; CAVITY; QUBITS
AB We present a method to synthesize an arbitrary quantum state of two superconducting resonators. This state-synthesis algorithm utilizes a coherent interaction of each resonator with a tunable artificial atom to create entangled quantum superpositions of photon number (Fock) states in the resonators. We theoretically analyze this approach, showing that it can efficiently synthesize NOON states, with large photon numbers, using existing technology.
C1 [Strauch, Frederick W.] Williams Coll, Williamstown, MA 01267 USA.
[Jacobs, Kurt] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Boston, MA 02125 USA.
[Simmonds, Raymond W.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Strauch, FW (reprint author), Williams Coll, Williamstown, MA 01267 USA.
EM Frederick.W.Strauch@williams.edu
RI Jacobs, Kurt/E-7049-2011
OI Jacobs, Kurt/0000-0003-0828-6421
FU Research Corporation for Science Advancement; NSF [PHY-0902906]
FX We gratefully acknowledge discussions with J. Aumentado and F. Altomare.
F.W.S. was supported by the Research Corporation for Science Advancement
and K. J. by the NSF under Project No. PHY-0902906.
NR 28
TC 46
Z9 46
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JUL 27
PY 2010
VL 105
IS 5
AR 050501
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.050501
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 631TE
UT WOS:000280370100002
PM 20867901
ER
PT J
AU Lee, T
McPhaden, MJ
AF Lee, Tong
McPhaden, Michael J.
TI Increasing intensity of El Nino in the central-equatorial Pacific
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; WARM POOL; CLIMATE; EVENTS; OCEAN
AB Satellite observations suggest that the intensity of El Nino events in the central equatorial Pacific (CP) has almost doubled in the past three decades, with the strongest warming occurring in 2009-10. This is related to the increasing intensity as well as occurrence frequency of the so-called CP El Nino events since the 1990s. While sea surface temperature (SST) in the CP region during El Nino years has been increasing, those during neutral and La Nina years have not. Therefore, the well-documented warming trend of the warm pool in the CP region is primarily a result of more intense El Nino events rather than a general rise of background SST. Citation: Lee, T., and M. J. McPhaden (2010), Increasing intensity of El Nino in the central-equatorial Pacific, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L14603, doi:10.1029/2010GL044007.
C1 [Lee, Tong] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[McPhaden, Michael J.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Lee, T (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM tong.lee@jpl.nasa.gov
RI McPhaden, Michael/D-9799-2016
FU Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology with NASA;
NOAA/Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory
FX The research described in this paper was carried out at the Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a
contract with NASA; and at NOAA/Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory.
Copyright 2010 California Institute of Technology. Government
sponsorship acknowledged. We thank Daria Halkides for assistance in
processing the satellite SST data. This is PMEL publication 3555.
NR 18
TC 249
Z9 259
U1 4
U2 56
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUL 24
PY 2010
VL 37
AR L14603
DI 10.1029/2010GL044007
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 631DI
UT WOS:000280326400005
ER
PT J
AU Grunwald, ATD
Wildes, AR
Schmidt, W
Tartakovskaya, EV
Kwo, J
Majkrzak, C
Ward, RCC
Schreyer, A
AF Gruenwald, A. T. D.
Wildes, A. R.
Schmidt, W.
Tartakovskaya, E. V.
Kwo, J.
Majkrzak, C.
Ward, R. C. C.
Schreyer, A.
TI Magnetic excitations in Dy/Y superlattices as seen via inelastic neutron
scattering
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID WAVE DISPERSION RELATION; RARE-EARTH METALS; Y SUPERLATTICES;
THIN-FILMS; MULTILAYERS; MODES; GD
AB Measurements of the spin excitations propagating normal to the interfaces in Dy/Y superlattices using neutron inelastic scattering are presented. For a given magnon momentum, a neutron-scattering spectrum shows multiple peaks at different energies, which indicates discrete energy spectra. The results are compared with theoretical calculations developed here to describe magnetic excitations in rare-earth superlattices. The theory accounts for Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) and Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya interactions in incommensurate helicoidal structures and achieves a quantitative agreement with the experimental data. This work demonstrates that neutron inelastic scattering can be used for systematic studies of the exchange interactions and spin dynamics in nanomagnetic systems over wide areas of the Brillouin zone.
C1 [Gruenwald, A. T. D.; Tartakovskaya, E. V.; Schreyer, A.] GKSS Forschungszentrum Geesthacht GmbH, D-21502 Geesthacht, Germany.
[Wildes, A. R.] Inst Max Von Laue Paul Langevin, F-38042 Grenoble, France.
[Schmidt, W.] Forschungszentrum Julich, IFF JCNS ILL, F-38042 Grenoble, France.
[Tartakovskaya, E. V.] Natl Ukrainian Acad Sci, Inst Magnetism, UA-03142 Kiev, Ukraine.
[Kwo, J.] Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Phys, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
[Majkrzak, C.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Ward, R. C. C.] Univ Oxford, Clarendon Lab, Oxford OX1 3PU, England.
RP Grunwald, ATD (reprint author), GKSS Forschungszentrum Geesthacht GmbH, D-21502 Geesthacht, Germany.
EM wildes@ill.fr
NR 29
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 11
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD JUL 23
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 1
AR 014426
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.014426
PG 6
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 629VU
UT WOS:000280229100003
ER
PT J
AU Tilmes, S
Pan, LL
Hoor, P
Atlas, E
Avery, MA
Campos, T
Christensen, LE
Diskin, GS
Gao, RS
Herman, RL
Hintsa, EJ
Loewenstein, M
Lopez, J
Paige, ME
Pittman, JV
Podolske, JR
Proffitt, MR
Sachse, GW
Schiller, C
Schlager, H
Smith, J
Spelten, N
Webster, C
Weinheimer, A
Zondlo, MA
AF Tilmes, S.
Pan, L. L.
Hoor, P.
Atlas, E.
Avery, M. A.
Campos, T.
Christensen, L. E.
Diskin, G. S.
Gao, R-S.
Herman, R. L.
Hintsa, E. J.
Loewenstein, M.
Lopez, J.
Paige, M. E.
Pittman, J. V.
Podolske, J. R.
Proffitt, M. R.
Sachse, G. W.
Schiller, C.
Schlager, H.
Smith, J.
Spelten, N.
Webster, C.
Weinheimer, A.
Zondlo, M. A.
TI An aircraft-based upper troposphere lower stratosphere O-3, CO, and H2O
climatology for the Northern Hemisphere
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID WATER-VAPOR MEASUREMENTS; DIODE-LASER HYGROMETER; IN-SITU MEASUREMENTS;
FAST-RESPONSE; OZONE CLIMATOLOGY; POLAR VORTEX; UT/LS OZONE; OPEN-PATH;
TRANSPORT; CHEMISTRY
AB We present a climatology of O-3, CO, and H2O for the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS), based on a large collection of high-resolution research aircraft data taken between 1995 and 2008. To group aircraft observations with sparse horizontal coverage, the UTLS is divided into three regimes: the tropics, subtropics, and the polar region. These regimes are defined using a set of simple criteria based on tropopause height and multiple tropopause conditions. Tropopause-referenced tracer profiles and tracer-tracer correlations show distinct characteristics for each regime, which reflect the underlying transport processes. The UTLS climatology derived here shows many features of earlier climatologies. In addition, mixed air masses in the subtropics, identified by O-3-CO correlations, show two characteristic modes in the tracer-tracer space that are a result of mixed air masses in layers above and below the tropopause (TP). A thin layer of mixed air (1-2 km around the tropopause) is identified for all regions and seasons, where tracer gradients across the TP are largest. The most pronounced influence of mixing between the tropical transition layer and the subtropics was found in spring and summer in the region above 380 K potential temperature. The vertical extent of mixed air masses between UT and LS reaches up to 5 km above the TP. The tracer correlations and distributions in the UTLS derived here can serve as a reference for model and satellite data evaluation.
C1 [Tilmes, S.; Pan, L. L.; Campos, T.; Pittman, J. V.; Weinheimer, A.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Div Atmospher Chem, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Atlas, E.] Univ Miami, Dept Marine & Atmospher Chem, RSMAS, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Avery, M. A.; Diskin, G. S.; Loewenstein, M.; Lopez, J.; Podolske, J. R.; Sachse, G. W.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Christensen, L. E.; Herman, R. L.; Webster, C.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Gao, R-S.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Hintsa, E. J.] NOAA, Global Monitoring Div, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Hoor, P.] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Atmospher Phys, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
[Paige, M. E.] SW Sci Inc, Santa Fe, NM 87505 USA.
[Proffitt, M. R.] Proffitt Instruments, Austin, TX 78746 USA.
[Schiller, C.; Spelten, N.] Res Ctr Julich, ICG 1, D-52425 Julich, Germany.
[Schlager, H.] Inst Phys Atmosphere, D-82234 Wessling, Germany.
[Hintsa, E. J.; Smith, J.] Harvard Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Chem, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Zondlo, M. A.] Princeton Univ, Ctr Midinfrared Technol Hlth & Environm, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Tilmes, S (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Div Atmospher Chem, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
EM tilmes@ucar.edu
RI hoor, peter/G-5421-2010; Herman, Robert/H-9389-2012; Schiller,
Cornelius/B-1004-2013; Gao, Ru-Shan/H-7455-2013; Pan, Laura/A-9296-2008;
Atlas, Elliot/J-8171-2015; Zondlo, Mark/R-6173-2016; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015
OI hoor, peter/0000-0001-6582-6864; Herman, Robert/0000-0001-7063-6424;
Pan, Laura/0000-0001-7377-2114; Zondlo, Mark/0000-0003-2302-9554;
FU National Science Foundation; NASA
FX This work is supported in part by the National Center for Atmospheric
Research (NCAR) in support by the National Science Foundation and by the
NASA Upper Atmosphere Program. Research at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory
was performed under contract with NASA. Thanks are also due to NCEP
Environmental Modeling Center (EMC) for providing meteorological
analysis. The authors thank Louisa Emmons and Rolando Garcia for helpful
comments and suggestions.
NR 69
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 14
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUL 22
PY 2010
VL 115
AR D14303
DI 10.1029/2009JD012731
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 631EG
UT WOS:000280328800001
ER
PT J
AU Yudin, VI
Taichenachev, AV
Oates, CW
Barber, ZW
Lemke, ND
Ludlow, AD
Sterr, U
Lisdat, C
Riehle, F
AF Yudin, V. I.
Taichenachev, A. V.
Oates, C. W.
Barber, Z. W.
Lemke, N. D.
Ludlow, A. D.
Sterr, U.
Lisdat, Ch.
Riehle, F.
TI Hyper-Ramsey spectroscopy of optical clock transitions
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A
LA English
DT Article
ID FREQUENCY STANDARD; LATTICE CLOCKS
AB We present nonstandard optical Ramsey schemes that use pulses individually tailored in duration, phase, and frequency to cancel spurious frequency shifts related to the excitation itself. In particular, the field shifts and their uncertainties can be radically suppressed (by two to four orders of magnitude) in comparison with the usual Ramsey method (using two equal pulses) as well as with single-pulse Rabi spectroscopy. Atom interferometers and optical clocks based on two-photon transitions, heavily forbidden transitions, ormagnetically induced spectroscopy could significantly benefit from this method. In the latter case, these frequency shifts can be suppressed considerably below a fractional level of 10(-17). Moreover, our approach opens the door for high-precision optical clocks based on direct frequency comb spectroscopy.
C1 [Yudin, V. I.; Taichenachev, A. V.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Laser Phys, Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
[Yudin, V. I.; Taichenachev, A. V.] Novosibirsk State Univ, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
[Yudin, V. I.; Taichenachev, A. V.] Novosibirsk State Tech Univ, Novosibirsk 630092, Russia.
[Oates, C. W.; Barber, Z. W.; Lemke, N. D.; Ludlow, A. D.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Sterr, U.; Lisdat, Ch.; Riehle, F.] PTB, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany.
RP Yudin, VI (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst Laser Phys, Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
EM viyudin@mail.ru
RI Lemke, Nathan/L-9059-2013; Taichenachev, Aleksei/K-7065-2015
OI Lemke, Nathan/0000-0003-4165-0715; Taichenachev,
Aleksei/0000-0003-2273-0066
FU RFBR [08-02-01108, 10-02-00591, 10-08-00844]; Center for Quantum
Engineering and Space-Time Research (QUEST); European Community
[217257]; RAS
FX We thank C. Tamm, E. Peik, T. Mehlstaubler, and T. Heavner for useful
discussions. V.I.Y. and A.V.T. were supported by RFBR (08-02-01108,
10-02-00591, 10-08-00844) and programs of RAS. V.I.Y., U.S., C.L., and
F.R. gratefully acknowledge support by the Center for Quantum
Engineering and Space-Time Research (QUEST), the European Community's
ERA-NET-Plus Program under Grant Agreement No. 217257, and the ESA and
DLR in the project Space Optical Clocks.
NR 21
TC 47
Z9 47
U1 0
U2 16
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1050-2947
J9 PHYS REV A
JI Phys. Rev. A
PD JUL 22
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 1
AR 011804
DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.82.011804
PG 4
WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Optics; Physics
GA 629NW
UT WOS:000280207600002
ER
PT J
AU Berglund, AJ
AF Berglund, Andrew J.
TI Statistics of camera-based single-particle tracking
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E
LA English
DT Article
ID VIDEO MICROSCOPY; COMPLEX FLUIDS; MICRORHEOLOGY
AB Camera-based single-particle tracking enables quantitative determination of transport properties and provides nanoscale information about material characteristics such as viscosity and elasticity. However, static localization noise and the blurring of a particle's position over camera integration times introduce artifacts into measurement results even for a particle executing simple diffusion. Common data analysis methods based on the mean-square displacement do not properly account for these effects. In this paper, we analyze the statistics of tracking data for freely diffusing particles in realistic experimental scenarios. We derive a convenient and asymptotically optimal maximum likelihood estimator for the diffusion coefficient and for the magnitude of localization noise together with the corresponding Fisher information, which bounds the performance of all unbiased estimators. We find that the effect of varying the illumination profile during the camera integration time is quantified by a motion blur coefficient, R. We also find that a double-pulse illumination sequence maximizes the information content in some common experimental scenarios. Our results provide a rigorous theoretical framework and practical experimental recipe for achieving optimal performance in camera-based single-particle tracking.
C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Berglund, AJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM andrew.berglund@nist.gov
NR 27
TC 57
Z9 57
U1 2
U2 18
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1539-3755
J9 PHYS REV E
JI Phys. Rev. E
PD JUL 22
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 1
AR 011917
DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.82.011917
PN 1
PG 8
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 629YD
UT WOS:000280236200003
PM 20866658
ER
PT J
AU Plumb, NC
Reber, TJ
Koralek, JD
Sun, Z
Douglas, JF
Aiura, Y
Oka, K
Eisaki, H
Dessau, DS
AF Plumb, N. C.
Reber, T. J.
Koralek, J. D.
Sun, Z.
Douglas, J. F.
Aiura, Y.
Oka, K.
Eisaki, H.
Dessau, D. S.
TI Low-Energy (< 10 meV) Feature in the Nodal Electron Self-Energy and
Strong Temperature Dependence of the Fermi Velocity in
Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
AB Using low photon energy angle-resolved photoemission, we study the low-energy dispersion along the nodal (pi, pi) direction in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta as a function of temperature. Less than 10 meV below the Fermi energy, the high-resolution data reveal a novel "kinklike" feature in the electron self-energy that is distinct from the larger well-known kink roughly 70 meV below E-F. This new kink is strongest below the superconducting critical temperature and weakens substantially at higher temperatures. A corollary of this finding is that the Fermi velocity nu(F), as measured in this low-energy range, varies rapidly with temperature-increasing by almost 30% from 70 to 110 K. The behavior of v(F)(T) appears to shift as a function of doping, suggesting a departure from simple "universality" in the nodal Fermi velocity of cuprates.
C1 [Plumb, N. C.; Reber, T. J.; Sun, Z.; Douglas, J. F.; Dessau, D. S.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Koralek, J. D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Aiura, Y.; Oka, K.; Eisaki, H.] AIST Tsukuba Cent 2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058568, Japan.
[Dessau, D. S.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Dessau, D. S.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Plumb, NC (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM plumbnc@colorado.edu; dessau@colorado.edu
RI Plumb, Nicholas/B-8059-2013
OI Plumb, Nicholas/0000-0002-2334-8494
FU DOE [DE-FG02-03ER46066]; NSF EUV ERC; KAKENHI [19340105]
FX Funding was provided by DOE Grant No. DE-FG02-03ER46066 with partial
support from the NSF EUV ERC and KAKENHI (19340105). We thank A. V.
Chubukov, T. P. Devereaux, S. Johnston, and K. Shimada for valuable
conversations. Q. Wang, J. Griffith, S. Cundiff, H. Kapteyn, and M.
Murnane lent assistance. D. H. Lu and R. G. Moore assisted at SSRL. SSRL
is operated by the DOE, Office of Basic Energy Sciences.
NR 0
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 1
U2 14
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JUL 22
PY 2010
VL 105
IS 4
AR 046402
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.046402
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 629YP
UT WOS:000280237700013
PM 20867869
ER
PT J
AU Ashby, N
Bertotti, B
AF Ashby, Neil
Bertotti, Bruno
TI Accurate light-time correction due to a gravitating mass
SO CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM GRAVITY
LA English
DT Article
ID POST-NEWTONIAN FORMALISM; GENERAL-RELATIVITY; 2ND-ORDER CONTRIBUTIONS;
DEFLECTION; SPACECRAFT; LINKS; SUN
AB This technical paper of mathematical physics arose as an aftermath of the 2002 Cassini experiment (Bertotti et al 2003 Nature 425 374-6), in which the PPN parameter gamma was measured with an accuracy sigma(gamma) = 2.3 x 10(-5) and found consistent with the prediction. = 1 of general relativity. The Orbit Determination Program (ODP) of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, which was used in the data analysis, is based on an expression (8) for the gravitational delay Delta t that differs from the standard formula (2); this difference is of second order in powers of m-the gravitational radius of the Sun-but in Cassini's case it was much larger than the expected order of magnitude m(2)/b, where b is the distance of the closest approach of the ray. Since the ODP does not take into account any other second-order terms, it is necessary, also in view of future more accurate experiments, to revisit the whole problem, to systematically evaluate higher order corrections and to determine which terms, and why, are larger than the expected value. We note that light propagation in a static spacetime is equivalent to a problem in ordinary geometrical optics; Fermat's action functional at its minimum is just the light-time between the two end points A and B. A new and powerful formulation is thus obtained. This method is closely connected with the much more general approach of Le Poncin-Lafitte et al (2004 Class. Quantum Grav. 21 4463-83), which is based on Synge's world function. Asymptotic power series are necessary to provide a safe and automatic way of selecting which terms to keep at each order. Higher order approximations to the required quantities, in particular the delay and the deflection, are easily obtained. We also show that in a close superior conjunction, when b is much smaller than the distances of A and B from the Sun, say of order R, the second-order correction has an enhanced part of order m(2)R/b(2), which corresponds just to the second-order terms introduced in the ODP. Gravitational deflection of the image of a far away source when observed from a finite distance from the mass is obtained up to O(m(2)).
C1 [Ashby, Neil] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Bertotti, Bruno] Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Fis Nucl & Teor, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.
[Ashby, Neil] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
RP Ashby, N (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM ashby@boulder.nist.gov
NR 31
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0264-9381
J9 CLASSICAL QUANT GRAV
JI Class. Quantum Gravity
PD JUL 21
PY 2010
VL 27
IS 14
AR 145013
DI 10.1088/0264-9381/27/14/145013
PG 27
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles
& Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 608IG
UT WOS:000278576500013
ER
PT J
AU Liao, JW
Dumas, RK
Hou, HC
Huang, YC
Tsai, WC
Wang, LW
Wang, DS
Lin, MS
Wu, YC
Chen, RZ
Chiu, CH
Lau, JW
Liu, K
Lai, CH
AF Liao, Jung-Wei
Dumas, Randy K.
Hou, Hao-Cheng
Huang, Yen-Chun
Tsai, Wu-Chang
Wang, Liang-Wei
Wang, Ding-Shuo
Lin, Meng-Shian
Wu, Yun-Chung
Chen, Rong-Zhi
Chiu, Chun-Hao
Lau, June W.
Liu, Kai
Lai, Chih-Huang
TI Simultaneous enhancement of anisotropy and grain isolation in
CoPtCr-SiO2 perpendicular recording media by a MnRu intermediate layer
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID THERMAL-STABILITY; EXCHANGE BIAS
AB We demonstrate using both structural and magnetic analyses that an antiferromagnetic MnRu intermediate layer can simultaneously increase the anisotropy constant and reduce the intergranular exchange coupling of a CoPtCr-SiO2 recording layer. The anisotropy constant of CoPtCr-SiO2 is increased by an exchange coupling with the adjacent antiferromagnetic MnRu intermediate layer. Additionally, the MnRu layer leads to better SiO2 segregation within the recording layer which then weakens intergrain exchange coupling. While the enhanced grain isolation leads to a reduction in the activation volume, a potential loss in thermal stability is avoided due to the enhanced anisotropy.
C1 [Liao, Jung-Wei; Hou, Hao-Cheng; Huang, Yen-Chun; Tsai, Wu-Chang; Wang, Liang-Wei; Wang, Ding-Shuo; Lin, Meng-Shian; Wu, Yun-Chung; Lai, Chih-Huang] Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
[Dumas, Randy K.; Liu, Kai] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Chen, Rong-Zhi; Chiu, Chun-Hao] China Steel Corp, Kaohsiung 81233, Taiwan.
[Lau, June W.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mat Sci & Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Lai, CH (reprint author), Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
EM chlai@mx.nthu.edu.tw
RI Dumas, Randy/E-3077-2010; Liu, Kai/B-1163-2008; Lau, June/C-7509-2013
OI Dumas, Randy/0000-0001-5505-2172; Liu, Kai/0000-0001-9413-6782;
FU National Science Council of Republic of China [NSC 98-2622-E-007-003];
Ministry of Economic Affairs of Republic of China
[97-EC-17-A-08-S1-006]; National Science Foundation [ECCS-0925626];
CITRIS
FX Work at NTHU has been supported by the National Science Council of
Republic of China under Grant No. NSC 98-2622-E-007-003 and by the
Ministry of Economic Affairs of Republic of China under Grant No.
97-EC-17-A-08-S1-006. Work at UCD has been supported in part by the
National Science Foundation under Grant No. ECCS-0925626 and CITRIS.
NR 25
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 12
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD JUL 21
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 1
AR 014423
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.014423
PG 5
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 629DB
UT WOS:000280173700003
ER
PT J
AU Shen, BW
Tao, WK
Lau, WK
Atlas, R
AF Shen, B. -W.
Tao, W. -K.
Lau, W. K.
Atlas, R.
TI Predicting tropical cyclogenesis with a global mesoscale model:
Hierarchical multiscale interactions during the formation of tropical
cyclone Nargis (2008)
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION; SUMMER MONSOON; NORTH PACIFIC; ROSSBY WAVES;
NWP SYSTEM; CONVECTION; PARAMETERIZATION; MODULATION; DIAGNOSIS; STATE
AB Very severe cyclonic storm Nargis devastated Burma (Myanmar) in May 2008, caused tremendous damage and numerous fatalities, and became one of the 10 deadliest tropical cyclones (TCs) of all time. To increase the warning time in order to save lives and reduce economic damage, it is important to extend the lead time in the prediction of TCs like Nargis. As recent advances in high-resolution global models and supercomputing technology have shown the potential for improving TC track and intensity forecasts, the ability of a global mesoscale model to predict TC genesis in the Indian Ocean is examined in this study with the aim of improving simulations of TC climate. High-resolution global simulations with real data show that the initial formation and intensity variations of TC Nargis can be realistically predicted up to 5 days in advance. Preliminary analysis suggests that improved representations of the following environmental conditions and their hierarchical multiscale interactions were the key to achieving this lead time: (1) a westerly wind burst and equatorial trough, (2) an enhanced monsoon circulation with a zero wind shear line, (3) good upper-level outflow with anti-cyclonic wind shear between 200 and 850 hPa, and (4) low-level moisture convergence.
C1 [Shen, B. -W.; Tao, W. -K.; Lau, W. K.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Atmospheres Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Shen, B. -W.] Univ Maryland, ESSIC, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Atlas, R.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Shen, BW (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Atmospheres Lab, Code 613, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM Bo-Wen.Shen-1@nasa.gov
RI Atlas, Robert/A-5963-2011; Lau, William /E-1510-2012
OI Atlas, Robert/0000-0002-0706-3560; Lau, William /0000-0002-3587-3691
FU NASA Advanced Information System Technology (AIST); Modeling Analysis
Prediction (MAP) programs; NSF Science and Technology Center
FX We would like to thank three reviewers for their valuable suggestions,
which have substantially improved the manuscript. We are grateful for
support from the NASA Advanced Information System Technology (AIST) and
Modeling Analysis Prediction (MAP) programs and the NSF Science and
Technology Center for this study. We would like to thank Steve Lang and
K.-S. Yeh for proofreading and reviewing this manuscript, B. Green for
visualizations, K.-S. Kuo for the preparation of Figure 1, and H.-T.
(Jenny) Wu, and Y. Jin (NRL) for valuable discussions. We also thank the
NASA Advanced Supercomputing Division and NASA Center for Computational
Sciences for computer time used in this research.
NR 37
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PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUL 17
PY 2010
VL 115
AR D14102
DI 10.1029/2009JD013140
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 627NU
UT WOS:000280047300004
ER
PT J
AU Kim, TW
Lee, K
Feely, RA
Sabine, CL
Chen, CTA
Jeong, HJ
Kim, KY
AF Kim, Tae-Wook
Lee, Kitack
Feely, Richard A.
Sabine, Christopher L.
Chen, Chen-Tung Arthur
Jeong, Hae Jin
Kim, Kwang Young
TI Prediction of Sea of Japan (East Sea) acidification over the past 40
years using a multiparameter regression model
SO GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
LA English
DT Article
ID INCREASED ATMOSPHERIC CO2; FOSSIL-FUEL CO2; OCEAN ACIDIFICATION;
ANTHROPOGENIC CO2; DISSOCIATION-CONSTANTS; CARBONIC-ACID; INORGANIC
CARBON; ATLANTIC-OCEAN; INDIAN-OCEAN; REDUCED CALCIFICATION
AB A multiparameter linear regression model (MLR) of aragonite saturation state (Omega(ARG)) as a function of temperature, pressure and O-2 concentration in the upper 1,000 m of the Sea of Japan (East Sea) was derived with an uncertainty of +/- 0.020 (1 sigma). The Omega(ARG) data (n = 1,482) used to derive the basin-wide Omega(ARG) prediction model were collected during a field survey in 1999 and were corrected for anthropogenic CO2. Some biases were resolved by addition of a pressure and O-2 concentration interaction term to the proposed model. Correlation between the two predictor terms, caused by addition of this term, was minimized by centering the data for the three variables (thus subtracting the mean from each individual data point). Validation of the model against data sets obtained in 1992 and 2007 yielded correlation coefficients of 0.995 +/- 0.013 for 1992 (n = 64, p << 0.001) and 0.995 +/- 0.009 for 2007 (n = 137, p << 0.001) and root mean square errors of +/- 0.064 for 1992 and +/- 0.050 for 2007. The strong correlation between measurements and predictions suggests that the model can be used to estimate the distribution of Omega(ARG) in the Sea of Japan (East Sea) (including dynamic coastal waters) on varying time scales when basic hydrographic data on temperature, pressure and O-2 concentration are available. Application of the model to past measurements for the Sea of Japan (East Sea) indicated that interdecadal variability (2 sigma from the mean) in Omega(ARG) corrected for anthropogenic CO2 was generally high (0.1-0.7) in the upper water layer (<200 m depth), and decreased (0.05-0.2) with depth for waters deeper than 500 m. The interdecadal variability is largely controlled by variations in the degree of water column ventilation. Superimposed on this natural variability, the input of CO2 derived from fossil fuels has markedly acidified the upper water layers during the anthropocene and thereby moved the aragonite saturation horizon upward by 50-250 m. The impact of CO2 derived from fossil fuels on upper ocean acidification will increase in the future. The present study indicates that, in combination with other easily measurable parameters, a multifunctional model can be a powerful tool for predicting the temporal evolution of Omega(ARG) in the ocean, including coastal waters that are highly likely to be susceptible to ocean acidification in the future.
C1 [Kim, Tae-Wook; Lee, Kitack] Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, Pohang 790784, South Korea.
[Feely, Richard A.; Sabine, Christopher L.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Chen, Chen-Tung Arthur] Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Inst Marine Geol & Chem, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
[Jeong, Hae Jin] Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Coll Nat Sci, Seoul 151747, South Korea.
[Kim, Kwang Young] Chonnam Natl Univ, Fac Earth Syst & Environm Sci, Coll Nat Sci, Kwangju 500757, South Korea.
RP Lee, K (reprint author), Pohang Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, Pohang 790784, South Korea.
EM ktl@postech.ac.kr
RI Jeong, hae jin/B-8908-2009; Kim, Tae-Wook/E-9611-2011; Chen, Chen-Tung
Arthur/C-8901-2011; Lee, Kitack/G-7184-2015
OI Kim, Tae-Wook/0000-0002-4236-0720;
FU Korean Science and Engineering Foundation; MOEHRD [KRF-2005-070-C00143];
NOAA Climate Program Office
FX This paper benefited a great deal from the numerous constructive
suggestions by Scott Doney of Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution and
an anonymous reviewer. This work would not have been possible without
the efforts of many scientists who contributed data to the Japanese
Ocean Data Center (JODC). We extend our thanks to scientists of the JODC
who compiled and enabled access to the data. This work was primarily
supported by the National Research Laboratory program of the Korean
Science and Engineering Foundation and the MOEHRD (KRF-2005-070-C00143).
We also thank Mike Johnson, Joel Levy, and Ken Mooney of the NOAA
Climate Program Office for their support of the NOAA studies.
NR 66
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 16
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0886-6236
EI 1944-9224
J9 GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEM CY
JI Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle
PD JUL 16
PY 2010
VL 24
AR GB3005
DI 10.1029/2009GB003637
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 627MY
UT WOS:000280045100003
ER
PT J
AU Stock, C
Jonas, S
Broholm, C
Nakatsuji, S
Nambu, Y
Onuma, K
Maeno, Y
Chung, JH
AF Stock, C.
Jonas, S.
Broholm, C.
Nakatsuji, S.
Nambu, Y.
Onuma, K.
Maeno, Y.
Chung, J. -H.
TI Neutron-Scattering Measurement of Incommensurate Short-Range Order in
Single Crystals of the S=1 Triangular Antiferromagnet NiGa2S4
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID HEISENBERG-ANTIFERROMAGNET; TEMPERATURE; LATTICE; STATES
AB Neutron scattering is used to investigate spin correlations in ultrapure single crystals of the S = 1 triangular lattice NiGa2S4. Despite a Curie-Weiss temperature of Theta(CW) = -80(2) K, static (T > 1 ns) short-range (zeta(ab) = 26(3) angstrom) incommensurate order prevails for T > 1.5 K. The incommensurate modulation Q(0) = (0.155(3), 0.155(3), 0), Theta(CW), and the spin-wave velocity (c = 4400 m/s) can be accounted for by antiferromagnetic third-nearest-neighbor interactions J(3) = 2.8(6) meV and ferromagnetic nearest-neighbor coupling J(1) = -0.35(9) J(3). Interplane correlations are limited to nearest neighbors and weakened by an in-plane field. These observations show that the short-range ordered glassy phase that has been observed in a number of highly degenerate systems can persist near the clean limit.
C1 [Stock, C.] Rutherford Appleton Labs, ISIS Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England.
[Jonas, S.; Broholm, C.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Broholm, C.; Chung, J. -H.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Nakatsuji, S.; Nambu, Y.; Onuma, K.] Univ Tokyo, Inst Solid State Phys, Chiba 2778581, Japan.
[Maeno, Y.] Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys, Kyoto 6068502, Japan.
RP Stock, C (reprint author), Rutherford Appleton Labs, ISIS Facil, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England.
RI Broholm, Collin/E-8228-2011; Nambu, Yusuke/C-3863-2012
OI Broholm, Collin/0000-0002-1569-9892; Nambu, Yusuke/0000-0003-1167-7124
FU NSERC of Canada; JPSJ [21684019, 1905200]; MEXT, Japan; NSF
[DMR-0306940, 0706553]
FX Discussions with L. Balents and M.P.A. Fisher are gratefully
acknowledged. Support was provided by NSERC of Canada, a Grant-in-Aids
for Research (21684019, 19052003) from JPSJ and MEXT, Japan, and the NSF
through DMR-0306940 and 0706553.
NR 29
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U1 2
U2 21
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JUL 16
PY 2010
VL 105
IS 3
AR 037402
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.037402
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 627AB
UT WOS:000280008900021
PM 20867806
ER
PT J
AU Usselman, RJ
Klem, MT
Russek, SE
Young, M
Douglas, T
Goldfarb, RB
AF Usselman, Robert J.
Klem, Michael T.
Russek, Stephen E.
Young, Mark
Douglas, Trevor
Goldfarb, Ron B.
TI Two-component magnetic structure of iron oxide nanoparticles mineralized
in Listeria innocua protein cages (vol 107, 114703, 2010)
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Usselman, Robert J.; Russek, Stephen E.; Goldfarb, Ron B.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Klem, Michael T.] Montana Tech Univ Montana, Dept Chem & Geochem, Butte, MT 59701 USA.
[Klem, Michael T.] Montana Tech Univ Montana, Ctr Adv Supramol & Nano Syst, Butte, MT 59701 USA.
[Young, Mark] Montana State Univ, Dept Plant Sci & Plant Pathol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Young, Mark; Douglas, Trevor] Montana State Univ, Ctr Bioinspired Nanomat, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Douglas, Trevor] Montana State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
RP Usselman, RJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM usselman@boulder.nist.gov
RI Douglas, Trevor/F-2748-2011; Goldfarb, Ronald/A-5493-2011
OI Goldfarb, Ronald/0000-0002-1942-7974
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD JUL 15
PY 2010
VL 108
IS 2
AR 029903
DI 10.1063/1.3464757
PG 1
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 638QL
UT WOS:000280909900123
ER
PT J
AU Woods, SI
Carr, SM
Jung, TM
Carter, AC
Datla, RU
AF Woods, S. I.
Carr, S. M.
Jung, T. M.
Carter, A. C.
Datla, R. U.
TI Demonstration of a Meissner-effect transition edge sensor
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ABSOLUTE CRYOGENIC RADIOMETER; HIGH-RESOLUTION THERMOMETER
AB We have built and tested a transition edge sensor which monitors temperature change by measuring magnetic flux expulsion from a superconducting element. Flux change is sensed by a dc superconducting quantum interference device coupled to the element using a flux transformer in a gradiometer arrangement. The operating temperature of the sensor can be varied by application of moderate magnetic fields to the superconducting core, using an integrated solenoid. With a Sn core at 3.58 K, the thermometer has demonstrated a noise level of 2.25 nK/Hz(1/2). We estimate that such a sensor will allow femtowatt sensitivity of an absolute cryogenic radiometer presently under development. [doi:10.1063/1.3456539]
C1 [Woods, S. I.; Datla, R. U.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Opt Technol Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Carr, S. M.; Jung, T. M.] Jung Res & Dev Corp, Washington, DC 20009 USA.
[Carter, A. C.] Booz Allen Hamilton Inc, Arlington, VA 22203 USA.
RP Woods, SI (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Opt Technol Div, 100 Bur Dr,Mail Stop 8441, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM solomon.woods@nist.gov
NR 10
TC 2
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U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-8979
J9 J APPL PHYS
JI J. Appl. Phys.
PD JUL 15
PY 2010
VL 108
IS 2
AR 024505
DI 10.1063/1.3456539
PG 5
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 638QL
UT WOS:000280909900094
ER
PT J
AU Richardson, MC
Park, ES
Kim, JH
Holmes, GA
AF Richardson, Mickey C.
Park, Eun Su
Kim, Jae Hyun
Holmes, Gale A.
TI N-Pyrrolidine Functionalized C-60-Fullerenes/Epoxy Nanocomposites
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE composites; curing of polymers; dispersions; thermosets; stress
ID SHEAR-STRENGTH MEASUREMENTS; CARBON NANOTUBES; COMPOSITES; C-60;
FULLERENES; POLYSTYRENE; DEGRADATION; POLYMERS; COATINGS; SURFACE
AB A series of functionalized C-60-fullerene/epoxy nanocomposites were prepared, and their respective ultimate tensile strengths were determined. The functionalization route of the fullerenes was performed using the Prato reaction, with modified amino acids, resulting in the formation of N-pyrrolidine rings across the [6,6] junctions. Characterization of the functionalized fullerenes was done using Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-Flight (LDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. The mechanical properties of the nanocomposites were affected by the type of modified amino acid, the degree of functional group attachment, and the consequent degree of dispersion into the epoxy matrix. A specially blended diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) epoxy, having a low viscosity and high strain-to-failure was prepared by adding 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether to DGEBA. The lower viscosity blended epoxy allowed for easier mixing of the fullerenes. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 117: 1120-1126, 2010
C1 [Richardson, Mickey C.; Park, Eun Su; Kim, Jae Hyun; Holmes, Gale A.] NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Holmes, GA (reprint author), NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM gale.holmes@nist.gov
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology-National Research Council
FX Contract grant sponsors: National Institute of Standards and
Technology-National Research Council Postdoctoral Research Associate
Program.
NR 34
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U1 3
U2 10
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0021-8995
J9 J APPL POLYM SCI
JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci.
PD JUL 15
PY 2010
VL 117
IS 2
BP 1120
EP 1126
DI 10.1002/app.31845
PG 7
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 602TV
UT WOS:000278162600057
ER
PT J
AU Toon, OB
Starr, DO
Jensen, EJ
Newman, PA
Platnick, S
Schoeberl, MR
Wennberg, PO
Wofsy, SC
Kurylo, MJ
Maring, H
Jucks, KW
Craig, MS
Vasques, MF
Pfister, L
Rosenlof, KH
Selkirk, HB
Colarco, PR
Kawa, SR
Mace, GG
Minnis, P
Pickering, KE
AF Toon, Owen B.
Starr, David O.
Jensen, Eric J.
Newman, Paul A.
Platnick, Steven
Schoeberl, Mark R.
Wennberg, Paul O.
Wofsy, Steven C.
Kurylo, Michael J.
Maring, Hal
Jucks, Kenneth W.
Craig, Michael S.
Vasques, Marilyn F.
Pfister, Lenny
Rosenlof, Karen H.
Selkirk, Henry B.
Colarco, Peter R.
Kawa, Stephan R.
Mace, Gerald G.
Minnis, Patrick
Pickering, Kenneth E.
TI Planning, implementation, and first results of the Tropical Composition,
Cloud and Climate Coupling Experiment (TC4)
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID STRATOSPHERIC WATER-VAPOR; UPPER TROPOSPHERE; CIRRUS CLOUDS;
TROPOPAUSE-LAYER; ICE SUPERSATURATIONS; RADIATIVE IMPACTS; OZONE
CLIMATOLOGY; HYDROGEN RADICALS; SOUTH-PACIFIC; TRANSPORT
AB The Tropical Composition, Cloud and Climate Coupling Experiment (TC4), was based in Costa Rica and Panama during July and August 2007. The NASA ER-2, DC-8, and WB-57F aircraft flew 26 science flights during TC4. The ER-2 employed 11 instruments as a remote sampling platform and satellite surrogate. The WB-57F used 25 instruments for in situ chemical and microphysical sampling in the tropical tropopause layer (TTL). The DC-8 used 25 instruments to sample boundary layer properties, as well as the radiation, chemistry, and microphysics of the TTL. TC4 also had numerous sonde launches, two ground-based radars, and a ground-based chemical and microphysical sampling site. The major goal of TC4 was to better understand the role that the TTL plays in the Earth's climate and atmospheric chemistry by combining in situ and remotely sensed data from the ground, balloons, and aircraft with data from NASA satellites. Significant progress was made in understanding the microphysical and radiative properties of anvils and thin cirrus. Numerous measurements were made of the humidity and chemistry of the tropical atmosphere from the boundary layer to the lower stratosphere. Insight was also gained into convective transport between the ground and the TTL, and into transport mechanisms across the TTL. New methods were refined and extended to all the NASA aircraft for real-time location relative to meteorological features. The ability to change flight patterns in response to aircraft observations relayed to the ground allowed the three aircraft to target phenomena of interest in an efficient, well-coordinated manner.
C1 [Toon, Owen B.] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Toon, Owen B.] Univ Colorado, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Starr, David O.; Newman, Paul A.; Platnick, Steven; Schoeberl, Mark R.; Colarco, Peter R.; Kawa, Stephan R.; Pickering, Kenneth E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Atmospheres Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Jensen, Eric J.; Craig, Michael S.; Vasques, Marilyn F.; Pfister, Lenny] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Div Earth Sci, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Schoeberl, Mark R.] Sci & Technol Corp, Polar Off, Columbia, MD 21046 USA.
[Wennberg, Paul O.] CALTECH, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Wennberg, Paul O.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Wofsy, Steven C.] Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Kurylo, Michael J.; Selkirk, Henry B.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Goddard Earth Sci & Technol Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Maring, Hal; Jucks, Kenneth W.] NASA, Div Earth Sci, Washington, DC 20546 USA.
[Rosenlof, Karen H.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Mace, Gerald G.] Univ Utah, Dept Atmospher Sci, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Minnis, Patrick] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Sci Directorate, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
RP Toon, OB (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Campus Box 392, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM toon@lasp.colorado.edu
RI Wennberg, Paul/A-5460-2012; Newman, Paul/D-6208-2012; Pickering,
Kenneth/E-6274-2012; Kawa, Stephan/E-9040-2012; Selkirk,
Henry/H-2021-2012; Kurylo, Michael/H-2201-2012; Platnick,
Steven/J-9982-2014; Minnis, Patrick/G-1902-2010; Rosenlof,
Karen/B-5652-2008; Colarco, Peter/D-8637-2012; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Newman, Paul/0000-0003-1139-2508; Platnick, Steven/0000-0003-3964-3567;
Minnis, Patrick/0000-0002-4733-6148; Rosenlof,
Karen/0000-0002-0903-8270; Colarco, Peter/0000-0003-3525-1662;
FU NASA's Earth Science Division; NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center
Airborne Science Directorate; NASA; University of North Dakota's
National Science Education Research Center; NASA Headquarters management
FX The TC4 mission was supported by the Atmospheric Composition research
area of NASA's Earth Science Division. We thank the aircraft managers,
engineers, and ground crews of all the aircraft that participated in
TC4. We particularly thank the pilots of the ER-2, David Wright, Denis
Steele, and DeLewis Porter, and Mobile Pilot Jan Nystrom, the WB-57F
pilots Rob Rivers, Scott Reagan, and William Rieke, and Backseaters,
John Bain, Dominic Del Russo, and Joseph Gerky, and the DC-8 pilots
William Brocket, Mike Fuller, Manny Puerta, and the late Edwin Lewis.
The ER-2 aircraft and pilots were very well supported by the personnel
of NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center Airborne Science Directorate,
the WB-57F by NASA's Johnson Space Center High Altitude Research
Program, and the DC-8 by the University of North Dakota's National
Science Education Research Center. We thank the ER-2 Aircraft Program
Director, Robert Curry, the DC-8 Program Director, Rick Shetter, and the
WB-57F Program Manager, Ken Cockrell. We also thank the ER-2 aircraft
coordinators Jacques Vachon and Mike Kapitzke, the DC-8 Aircraft Manager
Steve Davis and the DC-8 Mission Manager Dave Easmunt, and the WB-57F
Program Engineers Shelly Baccus and Frank Caldeiro, the Mission Manager
William (Bud) Meins, and the Integration Manager Marty Ross, as well as
all of the aircraft crews. The NASA Ames Earth Science Project Office
made tremendous contributions to the operations and overall success of
TC4. Our special thanks go to Kent Schiffer, Mike Gaunce, Sue Tolley,
Quincy Allison, Dan Chirica, and the late Steve Gaines. We also
appreciate the support of the NPOL radar, NATIVE trailer, and Sat Com
groups in Panama and the SMART mobile radar in Costa Rica. We thank the
RTMM and REVEAL teams from NASA Marshall Earth Science Office and NASA
Dryden Test Systems Directorate, respectively, for enabling the
collection and display of airborne and ground-based data sets, which
supported mission planning and enabled critical real-time decision
making. The shipment of the tons of science hardware to San Jose, Costa
Rica, could not have been accomplished without the tremendous efforts of
the U. S. Air Force Material Command. We would also like to thank the
pilots and staff of the NASA C-9, NASA G-3, and Beale Air force Base
KC-135 for all their support. We would like to record our special
appreciation of and thanks to Kathy Thompson for her dedication and
effort throughout the planning, operation, and postmission analysis of
TC4. Kathy was ably assisted by Rose Kendall, to whom we also send our
thanks. Tommy Thompson's myriad skills were critical to the successful
operation of the mission in the field. We thank him for being there to
make sure, once again, that it all worked. The airport personnel at Juan
Santamaria airport were very helpful to the mission. The various Costa
Rican government, academic, and commercial organizations we worked with,
including CeNAT, DGAC, Alterra, ICE, IMN, ADS, and the Servicio de
Vigilancia Aerea, were invaluable. The same can be said for the
Panamanian government and academic organizations. The Costa Rican
National Center for Advanced Technology (CENAT), and especially Oliver
Gomez, were instrumental in logistical support, both before and during
the mission. The meteorological forecasting team in Costa Rica was
critical to the success of TC4. This was a joint effort of the Instituto
Meteorologico Nacional (IMN), the Centro de Investigaciones Geofisicas
(CIGEFI) at the University of Costa Rica, and the Instituto
Costarricense de Electricidad (ICE).; IMN team memberswere Evelyn Quiros
Badilla, Gustavo Murillo Zumbado, and Eladio Solano Leon; the CIGEFI
group, under the direction of Jorge Amador, included Erick Rivera
Fernandez, Marcela Ulate Medrano, Ana Mar a Duran Quesada, and Blanca
Calderon Solera, and Berny Fallas Lopez represented ICE. NASA
Headquarters management and program managers supported this mission in
many meaningful ways. The U. S. Embassies in Costa Rica and Panama were
especially helpful in coordinating this effort. We appreciate the
hospitality of Costa Rican Ambassador Mark Langdale. We appreciate the
help of the people of Panama who facilitated the use of the NATIVE
trailer and the NPOL radar, and the people of the Galapagos who helped
with balloon launching. We especially thank the President and people of
Costa Rica, who reconstructed the hangar used by the WB-57F, loaned us
the President's hangar for the ER-2, and were very friendly, helpful,
and hospitable.
NR 99
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PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUL 15
PY 2010
VL 115
AR D00J04
DI 10.1029/2009JD013073
PG 33
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 627NS
UT WOS:000280047100006
ER
PT J
AU Matsuo, T
Forbes, JM
AF Matsuo, Tomoko
Forbes, Jeffrey M.
TI Principal modes of thermospheric density variability: Empirical
orthogonal function analysis of CHAMP 2001-2008 data
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
AB In this paper we characterize the dominant modes of global thermosphere density variability as empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) using densities obtained from the accelerometer experiment on board the CHAMP satellite during 2001-2008. We determine the significance of different types of thermospheric density variability to the overall density variation and also examine the drivers of these primary modes of variability. From a sequential nonlinear regression analysis of the density observations along satellite trajectories, we obtain a set of EOFs in magnetic latitude and magnetic local time coordinates and their orbit time-dependent amplitudes. EOF1 includes a strong global mean component and takes the form of the diurnal variation. It correlates highly with the daily F10.7 index. It underscores that solar EUV is by far the strongest driver of the overall thermospheric density variability. Additionally, the primary mode is modulated semiannually, and its magnitude decreases with declining solar activity. EOF2 has a hemispherically asymmetric structure and represents the summer-to-winter annual density variation. Density responses to geomagnetic forcing are primarily manifested in three different modes: EOF1 that represents the global mean response, EOF3 that has a pronounced magnetic local time-dependent feature, and EOF4, whose main features are high-latitude density increases. These modes have very different response time scales with respect to changes in solar wind parameters. In addition, EOF3 and EOF4 contain signatures of local time variability that are possibly connected with the effects of a solar terminator wave and high-order solar tides that propagate upward from the lower atmosphere and/or with local plasma-neutral interactions in the F region.
C1 [Matsuo, Tomoko] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Matsuo, Tomoko] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Forbes, Jeffrey M.] Univ Colorado, Dept Aerosp Engn Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Matsuo, T (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM tomoko.matsuo@colorado.edu
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research Multidisciplinary University
Research Initiative [FA9550-07-1-0565]
FX We thank Eric Sutton for his assistance with CHAMP observations and
Naomi Maruyama and Tim Fuller-Rowell for their helpful comments. This
work is supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research
Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative award FA9550-07-1-0565.
The AE index is obtained from the World Data Center for Geomagnetism,
Kyoto, Japan. Solar wind data are obtained from the NASA Goddard Space
Flight Center Coordinated Data Analysis Web.
NR 28
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
EI 2169-9402
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD JUL 15
PY 2010
VL 115
AR A07309
DI 10.1029/2009JA015109
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 627PD
UT WOS:000280051200011
ER
PT J
AU Wiesenmayer, M
Hilgenfeldt, S
Mathias, S
Steeb, F
Rohwer, T
Bauer, M
AF Wiesenmayer, M.
Hilgenfeldt, S.
Mathias, S.
Steeb, F.
Rohwer, T.
Bauer, M.
TI Spectroscopy and population decay of a van der Waals gap state in
layered TiSe2
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSITION-METAL DICHALCOGENIDES; RESOLVED 2-PHOTON PHOTOEMISSION;
EXPERIMENTAL BAND-STRUCTURE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE;
PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; INVERSE-PHOTOEMISSION; CONDUCTION BANDS;
PHASE-TRANSITION; 1T-TISE2; DYNAMICS
AB Two-photon photoemission (2PPE) spectroscopy is used to map the momentum-dependent energy distribution of unoccupied bands in the layered 1T-TiSe2 transition-metal dichalcogenide compound. A comparison of the experimental results with previous calculations based on the local-density functional approach enables us to identify the second Ti 3d conduction band and a localized unoccupied state that we assign to the presence of excess titanium atoms in the van der Waals gap of the crystal. Time-resolved 2PPE measurements show clear differences in the lifetime between the two states, indicative for the decoupling of the Ti excess atoms from the bulk electronic structure.
C1 [Wiesenmayer, M.; Hilgenfeldt, S.; Rohwer, T.; Bauer, M.] Univ Kiel, Inst Expt & Angew Phys, D-24118 Kiel, Germany.
[Mathias, S.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Mathias, S.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Mathias, S.; Steeb, F.] Univ Kaiserslautern, Dept Phys, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
[Mathias, S.; Steeb, F.] Univ Kaiserslautern, Res Ctr OPTIMAS, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
RP Wiesenmayer, M (reprint author), Univ Kiel, Inst Expt & Angew Phys, D-24118 Kiel, Germany.
EM wiesenmayer@physik.uni-kiel.de
RI Mathias, Stefan/I-4679-2012; Bauer, Michael/G-5111-2016
OI Bauer, Michael/0000-0002-4391-9899
FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [DFG GRK 792]
FX The authors would like to thank M. Aeschlimann for providing his
photoemission experiment for these studies, L. Kipp and W. Kruger for
providing the crystals used throughout this work, and K. Rossnagel for
helpful discussions. Financial support for F. Steeb and S. Mathias was
provided by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft under Grant No. DFG GRK
792 "Nichtlineare Optik und Ultrakurzzeitphysik."
NR 67
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 17
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD JUL 15
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 3
AR 035422
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.035422
PG 10
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 626AH
UT WOS:000279937500010
ER
PT J
AU Pan, L
Lin, CJ
Carmichael, GR
Streets, DG
Tang, YH
Woo, JH
Shetty, SK
Chu, HW
Ho, TC
Friedli, HR
Feng, XB
AF Pan, Li
Lin, Che-Jen
Carmichael, Gregory R.
Streets, David G.
Tang, Youhua
Woo, Jung-Hun
Shetty, Suraj K.
Chu, Hsing-Wei
Ho, Thomas C.
Friedli, Hans R.
Feng, Xinbin
TI Study of atmospheric mercury budget in East Asia using STEM-Hg modeling
system
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Mercury; Chemical transport; East Asia; Seasonal variation; Mass budget
ID GASEOUS ELEMENTAL MERCURY; DRY DEPOSITION FLUXES; WET DEPOSITION;
PARTICULATE MERCURY; SPECIATED MERCURY; AMBIENT AIR; SCIENTIFIC
UNCERTAINTIES; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE; METHYL MERCURY
AB East Asia is the largest source region of global anthropogenic mercury emissions, and contributes to atmospheric mercury concentration and deposition in other regions. Similarly, mercury from the global pool also plays a role in the chemical transport of mercury in East Asia. Annual simulations of atmospheric mercury in East Asia were performed using the STEM-Hg modeling system to study the mass budgets of mercury in the region. The model results showed strong seasonal variation in mercury concentration and deposition, with signals from large point sources. The annual mean concentrations for gaseous elemental mercury, reactive gaseous mercury and particulate mercury in central China and eastern coastal areas were 1.8 ng m(-3), 100 pg m(-3) and 150 pg m(-3), respectively. Boundary conditions had a strong influence on the simulated mercury concentration and deposition, contributing to 80% of the concentration and 70% of the deposition predicted by the model. The rest was caused by the regional emissions before they were transported out of the model domain. Using different oxidation rates reported for the Hg(0)-O(3) reaction (i.e., by Hall, 1995 vs. by Pal and Ariya, 2004) led to a 9% difference in the predicted mean concentration and a 40% difference in the predicted mean deposition. The estimated annual dry and wet deposition for East Asia in 2001 was in the range of 590-735 Mg and 482-696 Mg, respectively. The mercury mass outflow caused by the emissions in the domain was estimated to be 681-714 Mg yr(-1). This constituted 70% of the total mercury emission in the domain. The greatest outflow occurred in spring and early summer. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Pan, Li; Lin, Che-Jen] Lamar Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Beaumont, TX 77710 USA.
[Lin, Che-Jen] S China Univ Technol, Sch Environm Sci Engn, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
[Carmichael, Gregory R.] Univ Iowa, Ctr Global & Reg Environm Res, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
[Streets, David G.] Argonne Natl Lab, DIS 900, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Tang, Youhua] NOAA, NWS, NCEP, EMC, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[Woo, Jung-Hun] Dept Adv Technol Fus, Seoul, South Korea.
[Chu, Hsing-Wei] Lamar Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Beaumont, TX 77710 USA.
[Shetty, Suraj K.; Ho, Thomas C.] Lamar Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Beaumont, TX 77710 USA.
[Friedli, Hans R.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Feng, Xinbin] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geochem, State Key Lab Environm Geochem, Guiyang 550002, Peoples R China.
RP Pan, L (reprint author), Lamar Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Beaumont, TX 77710 USA.
EM lpan@my.lamar.edu
RI Feng, Xinbin/F-4512-2011; Pan, Li/G-1327-2012; Lin, Che-Jen/K-1808-2013;
OI Feng, Xinbin/0000-0002-7462-8998; Lin, Che-Jen/0000-0001-5990-3093;
Streets, David/0000-0002-0223-1350
FU EC/R [PO1-OPR402-LAM]; Texas Air Research Center [078LUB3068A]; Texas
Commission on Environmental Quality [582-7-83975]; State Key Laboratory
of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese
Academy of Sciences
FX The study is sponsored in parts by the USEPA through a subcontract from
EC/R (Contract No.: PO1-OPR402-LAM), Texas Air Research Center (Project
No: 078LUB3068A), Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (2005-2009
Umbrella Contract No. 582-7-83975) and the State Key Laboratory of
Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy
of Sciences. The funding support is gratefully acknowledged.
NR 70
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 2
U2 21
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD JUL 15
PY 2010
VL 408
IS 16
BP 3277
EP 3291
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.04.039
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 623VM
UT WOS:000279773200028
PM 20483447
ER
PT J
AU Nagura, M
McPhaden, MJ
AF Nagura, Motoki
McPhaden, Michael J.
TI Wyrtki Jet dynamics: Seasonal variability
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
ID EQUATORIAL INDIAN-OCEAN; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; INTRASEASONAL
VARIABILITY; WESTERN BOUNDARIES; PACIFIC-OCEAN; ROSSBY WAVES; EL-NINO;
REFLECTION; WIND; CIRCULATION
AB This study examines the dynamics of the Wyrtki jets, which are strong equatorial zonal flows that occur typically during boreal spring and fall in the Indian Ocean. Our diagnosis relies primarily on a continuously stratified linear longwave ocean model driven by QuikSCAT zonal winds. Model results, which compare well with satellite altimetry and in situ current observations, indicate that the zonal currents propagate westward along the equator at semiannual periods with an average speed of -1.5 m s(-1). This propagation speed is three times faster than the propagation speed of the dominant wave mode in model zonal velocity, namely the first meridional, second baroclinic mode Rossby wave. We interpret this result in terms of a superposition of Rossby waves on a wind-forced jet, with the jet stronger than the waves by a factor of 2. Sea surface height (SSH), on the other hand, shows propagating features that vary in both speed and direction from region to region. This contrasting behavior between SSH and zonal velocity results from differing influences of Kelvin and Rossby wave dynamics on the variability. These results are in many respects analogous to the distinction between SSH and zonal current behavior found in previous studies of the equatorial Pacific and Atlantic oceans on seasonal time scales.
C1 [Nagura, Motoki; McPhaden, Michael J.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Nagura, M (reprint author), NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM motoki.nagura@noaa.gov
RI McPhaden, Michael/D-9799-2016
FU NOAA's Climate Program Office
FX The authors acknowledge the Coriolis data center, which provided the
gridded temperature and salinity data set. QSCAT data are provided by
Remote Sensing Systems; the gridded SSH data set by the Ssalto/Duacs
(Developing Use of Altimetry for Climate Studies) project; and ERS wind
data by the CERSAT (Centre ERS d'Archivage et de Traitement), IFREMER.
We thank two anonymous reviewers for the helpful comments, which greatly
improved our original manuscript. NOAA's Climate Program Office
supported production of this manuscript. Xuebin Zhang helped with setup
of the numerical model code. Special thanks to India's Ministry of Earth
Sciences for providing ship time to support collection of the ADCP
measurements and V. S. N. Murty for helping to establish the ADCP
measurement program. This is PMEL contribution 3466.
NR 43
TC 38
Z9 39
U1 0
U2 12
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD JUL 14
PY 2010
VL 115
AR C07009
DI 10.1029/2009JC005922
PG 17
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 627OA
UT WOS:000280048000001
ER
PT J
AU Takahashi, K
Denton, RE
Singer, HJ
AF Takahashi, Kazue
Denton, Richard E.
Singer, Howard J.
TI Solar cycle variation of geosynchronous plasma mass density derived from
the frequency of standing Alfven waves
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID FIELD LINE RESONANCES; MAGNETOSPHERIC ION COMPOSITION; PC3
GEOMAGNETIC-PULSATIONS; INNER MAGNETOSPHERE; MODEL; OSCILLATIONS;
SIMULATION; SHEET; STORM; TAIL
AB We have studied the solar cycle variation of equatorial plasma mass density rho(eq) in the plasma trough at geosynchronous altitude. The density was indirectly determined from the frequency, f(T3), of the third harmonic of toroidal standing Alfven waves detected over a 12 year period from 1980 to 1991 with magnetometers on five Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES). Realistic models of the ambient magnetic field and field line mass distribution were used in numerically solving the wave equation to relate f(T3) to rho(eq). Scanning the magnetometer data in a 30 min time window that moved forward in 10 min steps, we obtained 228,382 f(T3) samples equivalent to 1586 days of data. The detection rate of f(T3) is highest (similar to 50%) in the prenoon sector, and f(T3) and rho(eq) samples from this sector were used to examine their dependence on F-10.7, Kp, and Dst. Overall, F-10.7 exhibits the highest correlation with f(T3) and rho(eq), implying that the solar UV/EUV control of ion production at the ionospheric height is strongly reflected in mass density variations at geosynchronous orbit. Using 27 day medians computed excluding periods of plasmasphere expansion to geosynchronous orbit and geomagnetic storm, we obtained the empirical formula f(T3) (mHz) = 38 - 0.097F(10.7) and log rho(eq) (amu cm(-3)) = 0.42 + 0.0039F(10.7), where F-10.7 is given in the solar flux units 10(-22) W . m(-2) . Hz(-1). This last formula means that with the 27 day F-10.7 in the range of 68-255 in the selected solar cycle, the mass density varied by a factor of similar to 5 from similar to 5 to similar to 26 amu cm(-3). During extremely quiet times (Kp averaged using a 3 day time scale <1), for which the plasmasphere may extend out to geosynchronous orbit, and during storm periods (Dst < -50 nT), the mass density may be enhanced beyond these values.
C1 [Takahashi, Kazue] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
[Denton, Richard E.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
[Singer, Howard J.] NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Natl Ctr Environm Predict, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Takahashi, K (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, 11100 Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
EM kazue.takahashi@jhuapl.edu; richard.e.denton@dartmouth.edu;
howard.singer@noaa.gov
FU NSF [ATM-0632740, ATM-0751007]; NASA [NNX08AI36G]
FX This work was supported mainly by NSF grant ATM-0632740. R. D. was
further supported by NSF grant ATM-0751007 and NASA grant NNX08AI36G
(Heliophysics Theory Program). We thank Dennis Gallagher for a helpful
conversation.
NR 63
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9380
EI 2169-9402
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE
JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys.
PD JUL 14
PY 2010
VL 115
AR A07207
DI 10.1029/2009JA015243
PG 17
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 627PC
UT WOS:000280051100003
ER
PT J
AU Metcalfe, M
Carr, SM
Muller, A
Solomon, GS
Lawall, J
AF Metcalfe, M.
Carr, S. M.
Muller, A.
Solomon, G. S.
Lawall, J.
TI Resolved Sideband Emission of InAs/GaAs Quantum Dots Strained by Surface
Acoustic Waves
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
AB The dynamic response of InAs/GaAs self-assembled quantum dots (QDs) to strain is studied experimentally by periodically modulating the QDs with a surface acoustic wave and measuring the QD fluorescence with photoluminescence and resonant spectroscopy. When the acoustic frequency is larger than the QD linewidth, we resolve phonon sidebands in the QD fluorescence spectrum. Using a resonant pump laser, we have demonstrated optical frequency conversion via the dynamically modulated QD, which is the physical mechanism underlying laser sideband cooling a nanomechanical resonator by means of an embedded QD.
C1 [Metcalfe, M.; Muller, A.; Solomon, G. S.] NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Metcalfe, M.; Muller, A.; Solomon, G. S.] Univ Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Carr, S. M.; Solomon, G. S.; Lawall, J.] NIST, Atom Phys Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Metcalfe, M (reprint author), NIST, Joint Quantum Inst, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
FU NSF
FX The authors would like to thank G. Bryant, A. Chijioke, E. B. Flagg, W.
Fang, K. Ekinci, M. Zaghloul, and H. C. Ou. We acknowledge support by
NSF though the Physics Frontier Center at the Joint Quantum Institute
and the Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology for fabrication
assistance.
NR 18
TC 38
Z9 39
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
EI 1079-7114
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JUL 14
PY 2010
VL 105
IS 3
AR 037401
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.037401
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 625IJ
UT WOS:000279888400010
PM 20867805
ER
PT J
AU Bossart, GD
Reif, JS
Schaefer, AM
Goldstein, J
Fair, PA
Saliki, JT
AF Bossart, Gregory D.
Reif, John S.
Schaefer, Adam M.
Goldstein, Juli
Fair, Patricia A.
Saliki, Jeremiah T.
TI Morbillivirus infection in free-ranging Atlantic bottlenose dolphins
(Tursiops truncatus) from the Southeastern United States:
Seroepidemiologic and pathologic evidence of subclinical infection
SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Bottlenose dolphin; Dolphin morbillivirus; Porpoise morbillivirus;
Serology; Pathology; Subclinical infection
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; INDIAN RIVER LAGOON; WESTERN
ATLANTIC; STENELLA-COERULEOALBA; MEDITERRANEAN-SEA; AQUATIC MAMMALS;
EPIZOOTICS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INSIGHT
AB From 2003 to 2007, sera (n = 234) from free-ranging Atlantic bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) inhabiting two southeast Atlantic estuarine regions, the Indian River Lagoon (IRL), FL and Charleston, SC (CHS) were tested for antibodies to cetacean morbilliviruses as part of a multidisciplinary study of individual and population health. Positive morbillivirus titers were found on initial capture in 12 of 122 (9.8%) IRL dolphins in the absence of an epizootic. All CHS dolphins were seronegative. Positive fluctuating morbillivirus titers and seroconversion were found in IRL dolphins. Seropositivity was detected in dolphins 8-13 years of age as well as in dolphins that were alive during the 1987-1988 epizootic. During the study period, pathologic and immunohistochemical findings from stranded IRL dolphins (n = 14) did not demonstrate typical morbillivirus-associated lesions or the presence of morbillivirus antigen. The findings suggest that morbillivirus infections are occurring in the absence of widespread mortality in IRL dolphins. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bossart, Gregory D.] Georgia Aquarium, Atlanta, GA 30313 USA.
[Bossart, Gregory D.; Schaefer, Adam M.; Goldstein, Juli] Florida Atlantic Univ, Harbor Branch Oceanog Inst, Ft Pierce, FL 34946 USA.
[Reif, John S.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Environm & Radiol Hlth Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Fair, Patricia A.] Natl Ocean Serv, NOAA, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Charleston, SC 29142 USA.
[Saliki, Jeremiah T.] Univ Georgia, Athens Vet Diagnost Lab, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
RP Bossart, GD (reprint author), Georgia Aquarium, 225 Baker St NW, Atlanta, GA 30313 USA.
EM gbossart@georgiaaquarium.org
FU Florida Protect Wild Dolphins program; NOAA Fisheries Marine Mammal
Health; Stranding Response Program
FX This research was conducted under National Marine Fisheries Service
Permit No. 998-1678-00, issued to Dr. Gregory Bossart. Dolphin health
assessments were a collaborative effort between Harbor Branch
Oceanographic Institution and the NOAA National Ocean Service, Center
for Coastal Environmental and Biomolecular Research. Support was
provided by the Florida Protect Wild Dolphins program and the NOAA
Fisheries Marine Mammal Health and Stranding Response Program. The
authors thank Stephen McCulloch and the entire Bottlenose Dolphin HERA
Project staff for their efforts in this project. In particular, we
recognize Mr. Wayne McFee for analyses of dental enamel to estimate age,
and Drs. Forrest Townsend and David Kilpatrick for conducting physical
examinations and obtaining blood samples.
NR 38
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 18
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-1135
J9 VET MICROBIOL
JI Vet. Microbiol.
PD JUL 14
PY 2010
VL 143
IS 2-4
BP 160
EP 166
DI 10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.11.024
PG 7
WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences
GA 615HD
UT WOS:000279124500009
PM 20005646
ER
PT J
AU Lee, JH
Choi, SM
Doe, C
Faraone, A
Pincus, PA
Kline, SR
AF Lee, Ji-Hwan
Choi, Sung-Min
Doe, Changwoo
Faraone, Antonio
Pincus, Philip A.
Kline, Steven R.
TI Thermal Fluctuation and Elasticity of Lipid Vesicles Interacting with
Pore-Forming Peptides
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID MEDIATED INTERACTIONS; BILAYERS; CURVATURE; MELITTIN; MEMBRANES; DRIVEN;
ALAMETHICIN; MECHANISM; PROTEINS
AB The thermal fluctuation and elasticity of dioleoyl-phosphocholine large unilamellar vesicle interacting with pore-forming peptide, melittin, were investigated by neutron spin-echo measurements. The relaxation behavior of the membrane fluctuation with different peptide to lipid molar ratio P/L can be divided into three regions, resulting from characteristic changes of the effective bending modulus (kappa) over tilde of the membrane which includes the effects of internal dissipation within the membrane. At low P/L, melittin is adsorbed parallel to the surface of membrane and (kappa) over tilde decreases significantly due to perturbation of hydrocarbon chain packing. At a critical P/L, melittin forms pores in the membrane and (kappa) over tilde starts to increase slightly due to high pore rigidity. At higher P/L where the repulsive interpore interaction becomes significant, (kappa) over tilde increases rapidly.
C1 [Lee, Ji-Hwan; Choi, Sung-Min; Doe, Changwoo] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Nucl & Quantum Engn, Taejon 305701, South Korea.
[Faraone, Antonio; Kline, Steven R.] NIST, Ctr Neutron Res, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Faraone, Antonio] Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Pincus, Philip A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Mat Res Lab, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Pincus, Philip A.] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Taejon 305701, South Korea.
RP Choi, SM (reprint author), Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Nucl & Quantum Engn, Taejon 305701, South Korea.
EM sungmin@kaist.ac.kr
RI Do, Changwoo/A-9670-2011
OI Do, Changwoo/0000-0001-8358-8417
FU MEST [2010-0017424, 2010-0000859, 2010-0000133]; NSF [DMR-0454672]; WCU
of the MEST
FX We thank F. L. H. Brown and R. Granek for helpful discussions and S.-A.
Chae at KBSI for technical assistance. This work was supported by the
NRF grants funded by the MEST (2010-0017424, 2010-0000859 and
2010-0000133) and utilized facilities supported in part by the NSF
(DMR-0454672). PAP was supported by the WCU program of the MEST and the
NSF (DMR-0803103).
NR 27
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 3
U2 30
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JUL 13
PY 2010
VL 105
IS 3
AR 038101
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.038101
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 624LP
UT WOS:000279820500014
PM 20867811
ER
PT J
AU Booth, JC
Orloff, ND
Cagnon, J
Lu, JW
Stemmer, S
AF Booth, James C.
Orloff, Nathan D.
Cagnon, Joel
Lu, Jiwei
Stemmer, Susanne
TI Temperature-dependent dielectric relaxation in bismuth zinc niobate thin
films
SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID MICROWAVE
AB We apply broadband measurement techniques to determine the dielectric permittivity of Bi1.5Zn1.0Nb1.5O7 (BZN) thin films over the frequency range 1 kHz to 40 GHz. At room temperature, the permittivity function shows relaxation at high frequencies (similar to 1 GHz), and as the temperature is reduced, the onset of relaxation rapidly moves to lower frequencies, reaching similar to 1 kHz at 100 K. The observed frequency-dependent dielectric response of BZN thin films is quantitatively similar to the response of bulk ceramics, which suggests that the intrinsic disorder in the BZN material system can be conveniently explored via measurements on thin films. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3455897]
C1 [Booth, James C.; Orloff, Nathan D.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Orloff, Nathan D.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Cagnon, Joel; Lu, Jiwei; Stemmer, Susanne] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP Booth, JC (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM booth@boulder.nist.gov
RI Lu, Jiwei /E-5170-2010; Stemmer, Susanne/H-6555-2011;
OI Stemmer, Susanne/0000-0002-3142-4696; Orloff, Nathan/0000-0001-5391-4699
FU National Science Foundation [DMR-0602244]
FX S.S. acknowledges funding from the National Science Foundation under
Grant No. DMR-0602244. J.B. and N.O. thank Ichiro Takeuchi and Jordi
Mateu for helpful discussions.
NR 17
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 13
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0003-6951
EI 1077-3118
J9 APPL PHYS LETT
JI Appl. Phys. Lett.
PD JUL 12
PY 2010
VL 97
IS 2
AR 022902
DI 10.1063/1.3455897
PG 3
WC Physics, Applied
SC Physics
GA 626WW
UT WOS:000279999800049
ER
PT J
AU Wood, BE
Linsky, JL
AF Wood, Brian E.
Linsky, Jeffrey L.
TI RESOLVING THE xi BOO BINARY WITH CHANDRA, AND REVEALING THE SPECTRAL
TYPE DEPENDENCE OF THE CORONAL "FIP EFFECT"
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE stars: coronae; stars: individual (xi Boo); stars: late-type; X-rays:
stars
ID SOLAR-TYPE STARS; EMISSION MEASURE DISTRIBUTIONS; INTERMEDIATE-ACTIVITY
LEVELS; XMM-NEWTON VIEW; RAY SPECTROSCOPY; STELLAR CORONAE; ATOMIC
DATABASE; NE/O ABUNDANCE; ACTIVE REGIONS; EQ-PEGASI
AB On 2008 May 2, Chandra observed the X-ray spectrum of xi Boo (G8 V+K4 V), resolving the binary for the first time in X-rays and allowing the coronae of the two stars to be studied separately. With the contributions of xi Boo A and B to the system's total X-ray emission now observationally established (88.5% and 11.5%, respectively), consideration of mass loss measurements for GK dwarfs of various activity levels (including one for xi Boo) leads to the surprising conclusion that xi Boo B may dominate the wind from the binary, with. Boo A's wind being very weak despite its active corona. Emission measure (EM) distributions and coronal abundances are computed for both stars and compared with Chandra measurements of other moderately active stars with G8-K5 spectral types, all of which exhibit a narrow peak in EM near log T = 6.6, indicating that the coronal heating process in these stars has a strong preference for this temperature. As is the case for the Sun and many other stars, our sample of stars shows coronal abundance anomalies dependent on the first ionization potential (FIP) of the element. We see no dependence of the degree of "FIP effect" on activity, but there is a dependence on spectral type, a correlation that becomes more convincing when moderately active main-sequence stars with a broader range of spectral types are considered. This clear dependence of coronal abundances on spectral type weakens if the stellar sample is allowed to be contaminated by evolved stars, interacting binaries, or extremely active stars with log L(X) > 29, explaining why this correlation has not been recognized in the past.
C1 [Wood, Brian E.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
[Linsky, Jeffrey L.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Linsky, Jeffrey L.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Wood, BE (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
EM brian.wood@nrl.navy.mil; jlinsky@jila.colorado.edu
FU Chandra X-ray Observatory Center, National Aeronautics and Space
Administration [GO8-9003Z, NAS8-03060]
FX Support for this work was provided by the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration through Chandra Award Number GO8-9003Z issued by the
Chandra X-ray Observatory Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian
Astrophysical Observatory for and on behalf of the National Aeronautics
and Space Administration under contract NAS8-03060.
NR 60
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U1 0
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD JUL 10
PY 2010
VL 717
IS 2
BP 1279
EP 1290
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/717/2/1279
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 635JG
UT WOS:000280650800054
ER
PT J
AU Linsky, JL
Yang, H
France, K
Froning, CS
Green, JC
Stocke, JT
Osterman, SN
AF Linsky, Jeffrey L.
Yang, Hao
France, Kevin
Froning, Cynthia S.
Green, James C.
Stocke, John T.
Osterman, Steven N.
TI OBSERVATIONS OF MASS LOSS FROM THE TRANSITING EXOPLANET HD 209458b*
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE planets and satellites: atmospheres; planets and satellites: individual
(HD 209458b); planets and satellites: physical evolution; stars:
individual (HD 209458); ultraviolet: stars
ID EXTRASOLAR PLANET HD209458B; UPPER-ATMOSPHERE; GIANT PLANETS; 209458B;
HYDROGEN; EVAPORATION; HD-209458B; EVOLUTION; AERONOMY; ESCAPE
AB Using the new Cosmic Origins Spectrograph on the Hubble Space Telescope, we obtained moderate-resolution, high signal/noise ultraviolet spectra of HD 209458 and its exoplanet HD 209458b during transit, both orbital quadratures, and secondary eclipse. We compare transit spectra with spectra obtained at non-transit phases to identify spectral features due to the exoplanet's expanding atmosphere. We find that the mean flux decreased by 7.8% +/- 1.3% for the C II 1334.5323 angstrom and 1335.6854 angstrom lines and by 8.2% +/- 1.4% for the Si III 1206.500 angstrom line during transit compared to non-transit times in the velocity interval -50 to + 50 km s(-1). Comparison of the C II and Si III line depths and transit/non-transit line ratios shows deeper absorption features near -10 and +15 km s(-1) and less certain features near -40 and +30-70 km s(-1), but future observations are needed to verify this first detection of velocity structure in the expanding atmosphere of an exoplanet. Our results for the C II lines and the non-detection of Si IV 1394.76 angstrom absorption are in agreement with Vidal-Madjar et al., but we find absorption during transit in the Si III line contrary to the earlier result. The 8% +/- 1% obscuration of the star during transit is far larger than the 1.5% obscuration by the exoplanet's disk. Absorption during transit at velocities between -50 and +50 km s(-1) in the C II and S III lines requires high-velocity ion absorbers. Assuming hydrodynamic model values for the gas temperature and outflow velocity at the limb of the outflow as seen in the C II lines, we find mass-loss rates in the range (8-40)x10(10) g s(-1). These rates assume that the carbon abundance is solar, which is not the case for the giant planets in the solar system. Our mass-loss rate estimate is consistent with theoretical hydrodynamic models that include metals in the outflowing gas.
C1 [Linsky, Jeffrey L.; Yang, Hao] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Linsky, Jeffrey L.; Yang, Hao] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[France, Kevin; Froning, Cynthia S.; Green, James C.; Stocke, John T.; Osterman, Steven N.] Univ Colorado, CASA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Linsky, JL (reprint author), Univ Colorado, JILA, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM jlinsky@jilau1.colorado.edu; haoyang@jilau1.colorado.edu;
Kevin.France@colorado.edu; cfroning@casa.colorado.edu;
James.Green@colorado.edu; stocke@casa.colorado.edu;
steven.osterman@colorado.edu
RI Yang, Hao/F-8396-2014
OI Yang, Hao/0000-0002-9423-2333
FU NASA [NNX08AC146, NAS5-98043]
FX This work is supported by NASA through grants NNX08AC146 and NAS5-98043
to the University of Colorado at Boulder. We thank the many people at
the Space Telescope Science Institute, Goddard Space Flight Center, Ball
Aerospace and Technologies Corp., and CASA at the University of Colorado
for the excellent hardware and software that has made COS a great
success. We particularly thank the referee for his many thoughtful and
thorough comments and his bringing to our attention important
publications that have led to significant modifications in the paper. We
thank Dr. J. Schneider for encouraging us to look for an assymetry
between ingress and egress. We also thank Dr. Lofti Ben-Jaffel for
clarifying our understanding of the Ben-Jaffel & Hosseini (2010) paper.
We thank Dr. Alain Lecavelier for calling our attention to the different
values of tau at the limb that depend on the density structure in the
envelope.
NR 38
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PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD JUL 10
PY 2010
VL 717
IS 2
BP 1291
EP 1299
DI 10.1088/0004-637X/717/2/1291
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 635JG
UT WOS:000280650800055
ER
PT J
AU Mattheus, CR
Rodriguez, AB
McKee, BA
Currin, CA
AF Mattheus, Christopher R.
Rodriguez, Antonio B.
McKee, Brent A.
Currin, Carolyn A.
TI Impact of land-use change and hard structures on the evolution of
fringing marsh shorelines
SO ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE salt marshes; estuaries; sea-level changes; nearshore sedimentation;
anthropogenic effects; North Carolina
ID HIGH-PRECISION MEASUREMENTS; WETLAND SEDIMENT ELEVATION; SEA-LEVEL
CHANGES; SALT-MARSH; COASTAL MARSH; TIDAL MARSHES; VERTICAL ACCRETION;
NORTH-CAROLINA; CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES
AB Estuarine fringe marshes provide essential ecosystem services to coastal regions, including carbon sequestration and provision of shelter and nursery grounds for aquatic and terrestrial animals. The ability of a marsh to sustain itself by vertical accretion in response to sea-level rise is, in part, limited by inorganic sediment supply. Models attempting to forecast salt-marsh response to future sea-level rise commonly ignore land-use changes, despite the recent coastal population boom and the potential of land-use changes to alter sediment sources and modify established sediment-transport pathways. This study investigates the impacts of landscape modifications, which are typical of coastal areas, on the nearshore sedimentation and edge evolution of two fringing marshes. The sites examined include a marsh fringing the upper bay and a marsh fringing a beach ridge on the estuarine shoreline of a barrier island. Both sites are located in the same estuarine system, have similar hydrologic settings and comparable vegetation densities. Previous work, marsh cores, and a historical record from aerial photos indicate that although the fringe marshes are in different geomorphic locations, prior to anthropogenic modifications they were similar in terms of nearshore-sediment composition, scarp-shoreline morphology, and shoreline trajectory. The upper-bay marsh was impacted by the introduction of tree farming in the watershed of a tributary creek to the upper bay, which increased upland erosion and caused higher sedimentation rates in the estuary. The back-barrier marsh, which received no contribution from the tree farm because it is distal with respect to river input, was modified by the installation of a pier and rock sill. Terrestrial LIDAR, surface elevation tables, and accretion rates obtained from radioisotope analyses show that the deforestation induced high rates of nearshore and marsh accretion at the upper-bay site, which is promoting marsh colonization and expansion. These same types of data, in addition to aerial photos, were obtained at the back-barrier site and show increased rates of marsh-shoreline erosion adjacent to the structures. The fringing marshes were once similar, but started to evolve differently over a short time period as a result of human-induced changes to the landscape. Coastal development can significantly influence marsh-shoreline behavior, which must be taken into account when developing models of coastal response to sea-level rise. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Mattheus, Christopher R.; Rodriguez, Antonio B.] Univ N Carolina Chapel Hill, Inst Marine Sci, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA.
[McKee, Brent A.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Marine Sci, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
[Currin, Carolyn A.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Ctr Coastal Fisheries & Habitat Res, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
RP Rodriguez, AB (reprint author), Univ N Carolina Chapel Hill, Inst Marine Sci, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA.
EM cmattheu@hamilton.edu; abrodrig@email.unc.edu; bmckee@unc.edu;
Carolyn.Currin@noaa.gov
FU NOAA Center for Coastal Fisheries and Habitat Research; U.S. Department
of Energy's Office of Science (BER) through the Coastal Center of the
National Institute for Climatic Change Research at Tulane University;
American Chemical Society
FX This research was supported by the NOAA Center for Coastal Fisheries and
Habitat Research, the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science
(BER) through the Coastal Center of the National Institute for Climatic
Change Research at Tulane University, and the Donors of the American
Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund. The help Priscilla Delano,
Sherif Ghobrial, Mike Greene, Anna Hilting, Patricia Rodriguez, Emmett
Keeler and Valerie Wunderly provided in the field and lab is greatly
appreciated. The North Carolina Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores provided
access to the study site.
NR 61
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U1 7
U2 90
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0272-7714
J9 ESTUAR COAST SHELF S
JI Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci.
PD JUL 10
PY 2010
VL 88
IS 3
BP 365
EP 376
DI 10.1016/j.ecss.2010.04.016
PG 12
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 620XW
UT WOS:000279537500008
ER
PT J
AU Twichell, D
Edmiston, L
Andrews, B
Stevenson, W
Donoghue, J
Poore, R
Osterman, L
AF Twichell, D.
Edmiston, L.
Andrews, B.
Stevenson, W.
Donoghue, J.
Poore, R.
Osterman, L.
TI Geologic controls on the recent evolution of oyster reefs in
Apalachicola Bay and St. George Sound, Florida
SO ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE oyster reefs; substrate preferences; brackish water environment;
Holocene; USA; Florida; Apalachicola Bay
ID ESTUARY; RIVER; SALINITY; REGION; SEA; USA
AB Apalachicola Bay and St. George Sound contain the largest oyster fishery in Florida, and the growth and distribution of the numerous oyster reefs here are the combined product of modern estuarine conditions in the bay and its late Holocene evolution. Sidescan-sonar imagery, bathymetry, high-resolution seismic profiles, and sediment cores show that oyster beds occupy the crests of a series of shoals that range from 1 to 7 km in length, trend roughly north-south perpendicular to the long axes of the bay and sound, and are asymmetrical with steeper sides facing to the west. Surface sediment samples show that the oyster beds consist of shelly sand, while much of the remainder of the bay floor is covered by mud delivered by the Apalachicola River. The present oyster reefs rest on sandy delta systems that advanced southward across the region between 6400 and 4400 yr BP when sea level was 4-6 m lower than present. Oysters started to colonize the region around 5100 yr BP and became extensive by 1200 and 2400 yr BP. Since 1200 yr BP, their aerial extent has decreased due to burial of the edges of the reefs by the prodelta mud that continues to be supplied by the Apalachicola River. Oyster reefs that are still active are narrower than the original beds, have grown vertically, and become asymmetrical in cross-section. Their internal bedding indicates they have migrated westward, suggesting a net westerly transport of sediment in the bay. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Twichell, D.; Andrews, B.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Edmiston, L.] Apalachicola Bay Natl Estuarine Res Reserve, Apalachicola, FL USA.
[Poore, R.; Osterman, L.] US Geol Survey, St Petersburg, FL USA.
[Donoghue, J.] Florida State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Stevenson, W.] NOAA Coastal Serv Ctr, Charleston, SC USA.
RP Twichell, D (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 384 Woods Hole Rd, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM dtwichell@usgs.gov
OI Andrews, Brian/0000-0003-1024-9400
FU NOAA Coastal Services Center
FX Funding for this research was provided by both the NOAA Coastal Services
Center. We acknowledge the assistance of E. Bergeron, W. Danforth, J.
Denny, B. Irwin, T. O'Brien, and C. Worley of the USGS for their
assistance in collecting and processing the data. Additional support for
field operations was provided by Apalachicola Bay National Estuarine
Research Reserve staff members J. Wanat, L Levi, M. Lamb, and S. Fahrny.
We appreciate the constructive reviews by P. Valentine and W. Winters.
Any use of trade names or company names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 32
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U1 3
U2 14
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0272-7714
J9 ESTUAR COAST SHELF S
JI Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci.
PD JUL 10
PY 2010
VL 88
IS 3
BP 385
EP 394
DI 10.1016/j.ecss.2010.04.019
PG 10
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 620XW
UT WOS:000279537500010
ER
PT J
AU Stone, RS
Herber, A
Vitale, V
Mazzola, M
Lupi, A
Schnell, RC
Dutton, EG
Liu, PSK
Li, SM
Dethloff, K
Lampert, A
Ritter, C
Stock, M
Neuber, R
Maturilli, M
AF Stone, R. S.
Herber, A.
Vitale, V.
Mazzola, M.
Lupi, A.
Schnell, R. C.
Dutton, E. G.
Liu, P. S. K.
Li, S. -M.
Dethloff, K.
Lampert, A.
Ritter, C.
Stock, M.
Neuber, R.
Maturilli, M.
TI A three-dimensional characterization of Arctic aerosols from airborne
Sun photometer observations: PAM-ARCMIP, April 2009
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID LONG-TERM DECREASE; BLACK CARBON; AGASP-II; OPTICAL DEPTH; EL-CHICHON;
TROPOSPHERIC AEROSOL; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; NOAA WP-3D; HAZE; PARTICLES
AB The Arctic climate is modulated, in part, by atmospheric aerosols that affect the distribution of radiant energy passing through the atmosphere. Aerosols affect the surface-atmosphere radiation balance directly through interactions with solar and terrestrial radiation and indirectly through interactions with cloud particles. Better quantification of the radiative forcing by different types of aerosol is needed to improve predictions of future climate. During April 2009, the airborne campaign Pan-Arctic Measurements and Arctic Regional Climate Model Inter-comparison Project (PAM-ARCMIP) was conducted. The mission was organized by Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research of Germany and utilized their research aircraft, Polar-5. The goal was to obtain a snapshot of surface and atmospheric conditions over the central Arctic prior to the onset of the melt season. Characterizing aerosols was one objective of the campaign. Standard Sun photometric procedures were adopted to quantify aerosol optical depth AOD, providing a three-dimensional view of the aerosol, which was primarily haze from anthropogenic sources. Independent, in situ measurements of particle size distribution and light extinction, derived from airborne lidar, are used to corroborate inferences made using the AOD results. During April 2009, from the European to the Alaskan Arctic, from sub-Arctic latitudes to near the pole, the atmosphere was variably hazy with total column AOD at 500 nm ranging from similar to 0.12 to >0.35, values that are anomalously high compared with previous years. The haze, transported primarily from Eurasian industrial regions, was concentrated within and just above the surface-based temperature inversion layer. Extinction, as measured using an onboard lidar system, was also greatest at low levels, where particles tended to be slightly larger than at upper levels. Black carbon (BC) (soot) was observed at all levels sampled, but at moderate to low concentrations compared with historical records. BC was highest near the North Pole, suggesting there had been an accumulation of soot within the Arctic vortex. Few, optically thick elevated aerosol layers were observed along the flight track, although independent lidar observations reveal evidence of the passage of volcanic plumes, which may have contributed to abnormally high values of AOD above 4 km. Enhanced opacity at higher altitudes during the campaign is attributed to an accumulation of industrial pollutants in the upper troposphere in combination with volcanic aerosol resulting from the March-April 2009 eruptions of Mount Redoubt in Alaska. The presence of Arctic haze during April 2009 is estimated to have reduced the net shortwave irradiance by similar to 2-5 W m(-2), resulting in a slight cooling of the surface.
C1 [Stone, R. S.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Stone, R. S.; Schnell, R. C.; Dutton, E. G.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Global Monitoring Div, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Herber, A.] Alfred Wegener Inst Polar & Marine Res, D-27568 Bremerhaven, Germany.
[Vitale, V.; Mazzola, M.; Lupi, A.] CNR, Inst Atmospher Sci & Climate, I-40129 Bologna, Italy.
[Liu, P. S. K.] Environm Canada, Meteorol Res Div, Toronto, ON M3H 5T4, Canada.
[Li, S. -M.] Environm Canada, Air Qual Res Div, Sci & Technol Branch, Toronto, ON M3H 5T4, Canada.
[Dethloff, K.; Lampert, A.; Ritter, C.; Stock, M.; Neuber, R.; Maturilli, M.] Alfred Wegener Inst Polar & Marine Res, Res Unit Potsdam, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany.
RP Stone, RS (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM Robert.Stone@noaa.gov
RI Neuber, Roland/B-4923-2014; Dethloff, Klaus/B-4879-2014; Mazzola,
Mauro/K-9376-2016
OI Neuber, Roland/0000-0001-7382-7832; Mazzola, Mauro/0000-0002-8394-2292
FU Italian National Research Council (CNR)
FX PAM-ARCMIP was a success thanks to behind-the-scenes efforts by many
individuals from the participating institutes and affiliates. Those of
us who flew the mission wish to express special thanks to B. Burchartz
and his crew for piloting Polar-5, flight engineers M. Gehrmann and M.
Sellmann, and others at AWI responsible for integrating the systems into
the aircraft. W. Strapp operated the EC suite of instruments on the
final legs of the mission. R. Brauner provided accurate weather
forecasts. S. Henkel handled administrative matters. We thank the crew
of the Russian North-Pole drifting station NP-36 and logistic head, V.
T. Sokolov of the Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute (AARI), St.
Petersburg for assuring our safe landing there and their hospitality.
Personnel at ground stations across the Arctic provided for our needs,
especially A. Platt and J. Johns. Logistical support was also provided
by the U.S. DOE/ARM program, the Barrow Arctic Science Consortium (BASC)
and Arctic Kingdom. Assistance with data processing and access to data
were provided by D. Longenecker, J. Harris, S. Debatin, J. Graeser, and
the crew of NP-35. B. Holben, C. Toledano, and K. Stebel provided the
ancillary AOD data used in Figure 5. S. Sharma and K. Eleftheriadis
provided the station BC results used in Figure 7f. J. Wendell assisted
with the fabrication of the photometer system. K.-H. Schulz provided the
solar tracker. P. Disterhoft assisted with characterization of the
special glass window. N. O'Neill and E. Eloranta provided ancillary
analyses used in the interpretation of lidar data. T. Grenfell provided
insights about BC trends in the Arctic. NCEP gridded data was made
available through the NOAA ESRL Physical Sciences Division. C. Tomasi
provided support and encouragement through the Polar-AOD IPY project,
and also sponsored the development of the NOAA ISAC Sun photometer used
during PAM-ARMIP. In part, this study was supported by the Italian
National Research Council (CNR) through its Short-term Mobility
Programme and with funds provided by NOAA/ESRL. R. Stone dedicates his
contribution to this study to the late David Hofmann, who, during his
tenure at NOAA, provided critical support and enduring inspiration. Dave
was keenly interested in PAM-ARCMIP, having earlier cosponsored the
development of the Sun photometer system used during the campaign.
NR 77
TC 30
Z9 32
U1 2
U2 18
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUL 10
PY 2010
VL 115
AR D13203
DI 10.1029/2009JD013605
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 624NC
UT WOS:000279824800004
ER
PT J
AU Godin, OA
Zabotin, NA
Goncharov, VV
AF Godin, Oleg A.
Zabotin, Nikolay A.
Goncharov, Valery V.
TI Ocean tomography with acoustic daylight
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID GREENS-FUNCTION; AMBIENT NOISE
AB Ambient noise in the ocean provides acoustic illumination, which can be used, similarly to daylight in the atmosphere, to visualize objects and characterize the environment. It has been shown theoretically that deterministic travel times between any two points in a moving or motionless, inhomogeneous, time-independent medium can be retrieved from the cross-correlation function of diffuse acoustic noise recorded at the two points, without a detailed knowledge of the noise field's sources or properties. In this paper, techniques are developed to account for receiver motion and suppress contributions due to powerful transient localized noise sources, such as nearby shipping, in order to enhance noise diffusivity. The data-processing techniques are applied to ambient noise recordings of opportunity, which were obtained as a by-product of a long-range sound propagation experiment in the Pacific Ocean. The feasibility of passive ocean acoustic tomography with ambient noise recorded at two vertical line arrays is demonstrated successfully. Citation: Godin, O. A., N. A. Zabotin, and V. V. Goncharov (2010), Ocean tomography with acoustic daylight, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L13605, doi: 10.1029/2010GL043623.
C1 [Godin, Oleg A.; Zabotin, Nikolay A.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Godin, Oleg A.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA.
[Zabotin, Nikolay A.] Univ Colorado, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Goncharov, Valery V.] Russian Acad Sci, PP Shirshov Oceanol Inst, Moscow 117997, Russia.
RP Godin, OA (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, 425 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM oleg.godin@noaa.gov
RI Godin, Oleg/E-6554-2011; Zabotin, Nikolay/A-9639-2015
OI Godin, Oleg/0000-0003-4599-2149; Zabotin, Nikolay/0000-0003-0715-1082
FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-08-1-0100]
FX The noise data were obtained by the NPAL Group (J. A. Colosi, B. D.
Cornuelle, B. D. Dushaw, M. A. Dzieciuch, B. M. Howe, J. A. Mercer, W.
H. Munk, R. C. Spindel, and P. F. Worcester) and were made available for
this study by P. F. Worcester. Helpful suggestions by A. G. Voronovich
are gratefully acknowledged. This work was supported by the Office of
Naval Research through grant N00014-08-1-0100.
NR 15
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 3
U2 9
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUL 9
PY 2010
VL 37
AR L13605
DI 10.1029/2010GL043623
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 624MT
UT WOS:000279823900004
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, F
Sahu, B
Min, HK
MacDonald, AH
AF Zhang, Fan
Sahu, Bhagawan
Min, Hongki
MacDonald, A. H.
TI Band structure of ABC-stacked graphene trilayers
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B
LA English
DT Article
ID BILAYER GRAPHENE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; BERRYS PHASE; STATES; FIELD
AB The ABC-stacked N-layer-graphene family of two-dimensional electron systems is described at low energies by two remarkably flat bands with Bloch states that have strongly momentum-dependent phase differences between carbon pi-orbital amplitudes on different layers and large associated momentum-space Berry phases. These properties are most easily understood using a simplified model with only nearest-neighbor interlayer hopping which leads to gapless semiconductor electronic structure and p(N) dispersion in both conduction and valence bands. We report on a study of the electronic band structures of trilayers which uses ab initio density-functional theory and k.p theory to fit the parameters of a pi-band tight-binding model. We find that when remote interlayer hopping is retained, the triple Dirac point of the simplified model is split into three single Dirac points located along the three KM directions. External potential differences between top and bottom layers are strongly screened by charge transfer within the trilayer but still open an energy gap at overall neutrality.
C1 [Zhang, Fan; MacDonald, A. H.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Sahu, Bhagawan] Univ Texas Austin, Microelect Res Ctr, Austin, TX 78758 USA.
[Min, Hongki] Univ Maryland, Maryland NanoCtr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Min, Hongki] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Ctr Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Zhang, F (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Dept Phys, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
EM zhangfan@physics.utexas.edu
RI Zhang, Fan/E-7183-2014;
OI Zhang, Fan/0000-0003-4623-4200; Min, Hongki/0000-0001-5043-2432
FU Welch Foundation; NSF [DMR-0606489, TG-DMR090095]; DOE
[DE-FG03-02ER45985]; NRI; NIST-CNST/UMD-NanoCenter Cooperative Agreement
FX Work by F.Z. and A. H. M. was supported by the Welch Foundation, by the
NSF under Grant No. DMR-0606489, and by the DOE under Grant No.
DE-FG03-02ER45985. F.Z., B. S., and A. H. M. acknowledge financial
support from the NRI-SWAN program. Work done by H. M. has been supported
in part by the NIST-CNST/UMD-NanoCenter Cooperative Agreement. We
acknowledge the allocation of computing time on NSF Teragrid machine
Ranger (Grant No. TG-DMR090095) at the Texas Advanced Computing Center.
The authors thank J. J. McClelland, M. D. Stiles, and E. J. Cockayne for
their valuable comments.
NR 50
TC 149
Z9 149
U1 4
U2 53
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1098-0121
J9 PHYS REV B
JI Phys. Rev. B
PD JUL 9
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 3
AR 035409
DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.035409
PG 10
WC Physics, Condensed Matter
SC Physics
GA 622TE
UT WOS:000279687700001
ER
PT J
AU Huh, JY
Walker, ARH
Ro, HW
Obrzut, J
Mansfield, E
Geiss, R
Fagan, JA
AF Huh, Ji Yeon
Walker, Angela R. Hight
Ro, Hyun Wook
Obrzut, Jan
Mansfield, Elisabeth
Geiss, Roy
Fagan, Jeffrey A.
TI Separation and Characterization of Double-Wall Carbon Nanotube
Subpopulations
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
LA English
DT Article
ID SIZE-EXCLUSION CHROMATOGRAPHY; SINGLE-WALL; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE;
KATAURA PLOT; LENGTH; SPECTROSCOPY; EMISSION
AB Surfactant-encapsulated double-wall carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs) synthesized by the high-pressure carbon monoxide decomposition (HiPco) process were separated by length and electronic characteristics using density gradient ultracentrifugation (DGU). To ensure our study focuses only on the behavior of DWCNTs, dispersed DWCNTs were first isolated following the method of Green et al. [Green, A. A.; Hersam, M. C. Nat. Nanotechnol. 2008, 264, 1], utilizing the differences in buoyant density of DWCNTs from that of impurity single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multiwall carbon nanotubes contained in the parent soot. By increasing the density difference between the nanotubes and the density gradient medium, we exploited the length-dependent translation of the nanotubes in response to applied centrifugation to isolate narrow length distribution DWCNT fractions. The length-dependent intrinsic optical response of DWCNTs is consistent compared with the previously reported values for SWCNTs. The controlled addition of cosurfactants is shown to allow resolution of DWCNTs by electronic structure, as demonstrated through optical absorbance, Raman spectra, and electrical conductivity measurements. Measurements of conducting films prepared from separated fractions exhibit significant property differences in the enriched materials.
C1 [Huh, Ji Yeon; Ro, Hyun Wook; Obrzut, Jan; Fagan, Jeffrey A.] NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Walker, Angela R. Hight] NIST, Phys Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Mansfield, Elisabeth; Geiss, Roy] NIST, Div Mat Reliabil, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Fagan, JA (reprint author), NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jeffrey.fagan@nist.gov
RI Mansfield, Elisabeth/C-5258-2012; Hight Walker, Angela/C-3373-2009;
OI Mansfield, Elisabeth/0000-0003-2463-0966; Hight Walker,
Angela/0000-0003-1385-0672; Fagan, Jeffrey/0000-0003-1483-5554; Obrzut,
Jan/0000-0001-6667-9712
NR 48
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 21
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1932-7447
J9 J PHYS CHEM C
JI J. Phys. Chem. C
PD JUL 8
PY 2010
VL 114
IS 26
BP 11343
EP 11351
DI 10.1021/jp9110376
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 617LL
UT WOS:000279282200001
ER
PT J
AU Boukharouba, N
Bateman, FB
Carlson, AD
Brient, CE
Grimes, SM
Massey, TN
Haight, RC
Carter, DE
AF Boukharouba, N.
Bateman, F. B.
Carlson, A. D.
Brient, C. E.
Grimes, S. M.
Massey, T. N.
Haight, R. C.
Carter, D. E.
TI Measurement of the n-p elastic scattering angular distribution at
E-n=14.9 MeV
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C
LA English
DT Article
ID DIFFERENTIAL CROSS-SECTION; NEUTRON-PROTON SCATTERING
AB The relative differential cross section for the elastic scattering of neutrons by protons was measured at an incident neutron energy E-n = 14.9 MeV and for center-of-mass scattering angles ranging from about 60 degrees to 180 degrees. Angular distribution values were obtained from the normalization of the integrated data to the n-p total elastic scattering cross section. Comparisons of the normalized data to the predictions of the Arndt et al. phase-shift analysis, those of the Nijmegen group, and with the ENDF/B-VII.0 evaluation are sensitive to the value of the total elastic scattering cross section used to normalize the data. The results of a fit to a first-order Legendre polynomial expansion are in good agreement in the backward scattering hemisphere with the predictions of the Arndt et al. phase-shift analysis, those of the Nijmegen group, and to a lesser extent, with the ENDF/B-VII.0 evaluation. A fit to a second-order expansion is in better agreement with the ENDF/B-VII.0 evaluation than with the other predictions, in particular when the total elastic scattering cross section given by Arndt et al. and the Nijmegen group is used to normalize the data. A Legendre polynomial fit to the existing n-p scattering data in the 14 MeV energy region, excluding the present measurement, showed that a best fit is obtained for a second-order expansion. Furthermore, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test confirms the general agreement in the backward scattering hemisphere and shows that significant differences between the database and the predictions occur in the angular range between 60 degrees and 120 degrees and below 20 degrees. Although there is good overall agreement in the backward scattering hemisphere, more precision small-angle scattering data and a better definition of the total elastic cross section are needed for an accurate determination of the shape and magnitude of the angular distribution.
C1 [Boukharouba, N.] Univ Guelma, Dept Phys, Guelma 24000, Algeria.
[Bateman, F. B.; Carlson, A. D.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Brient, C. E.; Grimes, S. M.; Massey, T. N.] Ohio Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, OH 45701 USA.
[Haight, R. C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos Neutron Sci Ctr, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Carter, D. E.] Ohio Univ, Inst Nucl & Particle Phys, Athens, OH 45701 USA.
RP Boukharouba, N (reprint author), Univ Guelma, Dept Phys, Guelma 24000, Algeria.
NR 22
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0556-2813
J9 PHYS REV C
JI Phys. Rev. C
PD JUL 8
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 1
AR 014001
DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.82.014001
PG 9
WC Physics, Nuclear
SC Physics
GA 622FY
UT WOS:000279647900001
ER
PT J
AU Jancar, J
Douglas, JF
Starr, FW
Kumar, SK
Cassagnau, P
Lesser, AJ
Sternstein, SS
Buehler, MJ
AF Jancar, J.
Douglas, J. F.
Starr, F. W.
Kumar, S. K.
Cassagnau, P.
Lesser, A. J.
Sternstein, S. S.
Buehler, M. J.
TI Current issues in research on structure-property relationships in
polymer nanocomposites
SO POLYMER
LA English
DT Article
DE Nanocomposite; Particle-chain interaction; Viscoelasticity; Block
copolymers; Photovoltaics; Polymer brush
ID TRANSFER RADICAL POLYMERIZATION; PHOTOINDUCED ELECTRON-TRANSFER;
GLASS-TRANSITION TEMPERATURE; SURFACE-INITIATED POLYMERIZATIONS;
MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION; NANOTUBE-EPOXY COMPOSITES;
BLOCK-COPOLYMER FILMS; INTERMEDIATE-FILAMENTS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES;
NANOPARTICLE DISPERSION
AB The understanding of the basic physical relationships between nano-scale structural variables and the macroscale properties of polymer nanocomposites remains in its infancy. The primary objective of this article is to ascertain the state of the art regarding the understanding and prediction of the macroscale properties of polymers reinforced with nanometer-sized solid inclusions over a wide temperature range. We emphasize that the addition of nanoparticles with large specific surface area to polymer matrices leads to amplification of a number of rather distinct molecular processes resulting from interactions between chains and solid surfaces. This results in a "non-classical" response of these systems to mechanical and electro-optical excitations when measured on the macroscale. For example, nanoparticles are expected to be particularly effective at modifying the intrinsic nano-scale dynamic heterogeneity of polymeric glass-formation and, correspondingly, recent simulations indicate that both the strength of particle interaction with the polymer matrix and the particle concentration can substantially influence the dynamic fragility of polymer glass-formation, a measure of the strength of the temperature dependence of the viscosity or structural relaxation time. Another basic characteristic of nanoparticles in polymer matrices is the tendency for the particles to associate into extended structures that can dominate the rheological, viscoelastic and mechanical properties of the nanocomposite so that thermodynamic factors that effect nanoparticle dispersion can be crucially important. Opportunities to exploit knowledge gained from understanding biomechanics of hierarchical biological protein materials and potential applications in materials design and nanotechnology are among future research challenges. Research on nanocomposites formed from block copolymers and nanoparticles offers huge promise in molecular electronics and photovoltaics. The surface functionalization of nanoparticles by the grafting of polymer brushes is expected to play important role in the designing of novel organic/inorganic nanocomposite materials. The formation of bulk heterojunctions at the nanometer scale leads to efficient dissociation of the charge pairs generated under sunlight. Based on the presentations and discussion, we make recommendations for future work in this area by the physics, chemistry, and engineering communities. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Jancar, J.] Brno Univ Technol, Brno, Czech Republic.
[Buehler, M. J.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Douglas, J. F.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
[Kumar, S. K.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA.
[Cassagnau, P.] Univ Lyon, Lyon, France.
[Starr, F. W.] Wesleyan Univ, Middletown, CT 06459 USA.
[Lesser, A. J.] Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Sternstein, S. S.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12181 USA.
RP Jancar, J (reprint author), Brno Univ Technol, Brno, Czech Republic.
EM jancar@fch.vutbr.cz
RI CASSAGNAU, Philippe/F-7158-2011; Starr, Francis/C-7703-2012; Jancar,
Josef/E-3360-2012; Buehler, Markus/C-4580-2008
OI Buehler, Markus/0000-0002-4173-9659
FU Czech Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport [MSM0021630501]
FX Thanks to all the participants of the meeting for very lively and
stimulating discussion. The participants thank especially to Josef
Jancar for arranging the meeting and his warm hospitality. Funding under
MSM0021630501 from the Czech Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport sis
greatly appreciated.
NR 187
TC 305
Z9 307
U1 58
U2 446
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0032-3861
J9 POLYMER
JI Polymer
PD JUL 8
PY 2010
VL 51
IS 15
BP 3321
EP 3343
DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2010.04.074
PG 23
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 623QD
UT WOS:000279756000001
ER
PT J
AU Kearns, KL
Whitaker, KR
Ediger, MD
Huth, H
Schick, C
AF Kearns, Kenneth L.
Whitaker, Katherine R.
Ediger, M. D.
Huth, Heiko
Schick, Christoph
TI Observation of low heat capacities for vapor-deposited glasses of
indomethacin as determined by AC nanocalorimetry
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID THIN POLYMER-FILMS; TRANSITION TEMPERATURE; STRUCTURAL RELAXATION;
KINETIC STABILITY; STABLE GLASSES; COOLING RATE; 360 K; LIQUID;
DYNAMICS; BEHAVIOR
AB Highly stable glass films of indomethacin (IMC) with thicknesses ranging from 75 to 2900 nm were prepared by physical vapor deposition. Alternating current (AC) nanocalorimetry was used to evaluate the heat capacity and kinetic stability of the glasses as a function of thickness. Glasses deposited at a substrate temperature of 0.84T(g) displayed heat capacities that were approximately 19 J/(mol K) (4.5%) lower than glasses deposited at T(g) (315 K) or the ordinary glass prepared by cooling the liquid. This difference in heat capacity was observed over the entire thickness range and is significantly larger than the similar to 2 J/(mol K) (0.3%) difference previously observed between aged and ordinary glasses. The vapor-deposited glasses were isothermally transformed into the supercooled liquid above T(g). Glasses with low heat capacities exhibited high kinetic stability. The transformation time increased by an order of magnitude as the film thickness increased from 75 to 600 nm and was independent of film thickness for the thickest films. We interpret these results to indicate that the transformation of stable glass into supercooled liquid can occur by either a surface-initiated or bulk mechanism. In these experiments, the structural relaxation time of the IMC supercooled liquid was observed to be nearly independent of sample thickness. (c) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3442416]
C1 [Kearns, Kenneth L.; Whitaker, Katherine R.; Ediger, M. D.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Huth, Heiko; Schick, Christoph] Univ Rostock, Inst Phys, D-18051 Rostock, Germany.
RP Kearns, KL (reprint author), NIST, Div Polymers, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM ediger@chem.wisc.edu
RI Huth, Heiko/K-5449-2012; Schick, Christoph/C-1154-2009
OI Schick, Christoph/0000-0001-6736-5491
FU U.S. National Science Foundation; German Science Foundation
[CHE-0724062, DFG-SCHI 331 14-1]; National Science Foundation
[CHE-0605136]
FX We gratefully acknowledge joint funding from the U.S. National Science
Foundation and the German Science Foundation (Grant Nos. CHE-0724062 and
DFG-SCHI 331 14-1, respectively). K.L.K., K.R.W., and M.D.E. also
acknowledge additional funding from the National Science Foundation
(Grant No. CHE-0605136).
NR 66
TC 38
Z9 38
U1 4
U2 32
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1,
MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0021-9606
J9 J CHEM PHYS
JI J. Chem. Phys.
PD JUL 7
PY 2010
VL 133
IS 1
AR 014702
DI 10.1063/1.3442416
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 622DU
UT WOS:000279640600028
PM 20614979
ER
PT J
AU Houart, R
Moffitt, R
AF Houart, Roland
Moffitt, Robert
TI A new Scabrotrophon (Gastropoda: Muricidae) from Hawaii and discussion
about the generic classification of Boreotrophon kamchatkanus Dall,
1902, a related species
SO NAUTILUS
LA English
DT Article
AB A small muricid collected at 414 m off the Hawaiian Island of Oahu is described and compared, on the basis of shell characters only, with a syntype and two other specimens of Scabrotrophon kamchatkanus (Dall, 1902) (new combination) from the Northern Pacific. SEM images of the operculum, radula, and of the penis are illustrated for the new species.
C1 [Houart, Roland] Inst Royal Sci Nat Belgique, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium.
[Moffitt, Robert] Pacific Islands Fisheries Sci Ctr PIFSC, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Houart, R (reprint author), Inst Royal Sci Nat Belgique, Rue Vautier 29, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium.
EM roland.houart@skynet.be; robert.moffitt@noaa.gov
NR 12
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU BAILEY-MATTHEWS SHELL MUSEUM
PI SANIBEL
PA C/O DR JOSE H LEAL, ASSOCIATE/MANAGING EDITOR, 3075 SANIBEL-CAPTIVA RD,
SANIBEL, FL 33957 USA
SN 0028-1344
J9 NAUTILUS
JI Nautilus
PD JUL 7
PY 2010
VL 124
IS 2
BP 112
EP 116
PG 5
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA 628AK
UT WOS:000280086200006
ER
PT J
AU VanDevender, AP
Colombe, Y
Amini, J
Leibfried, D
Wineland, DJ
AF VanDevender, A. P.
Colombe, Y.
Amini, J.
Leibfried, D.
Wineland, D. J.
TI Efficient Fiber Optic Detection of Trapped Ion Fluorescence
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SINGLE ATOMS; CAVITY; PHOTONS; CHIP
AB Integration of fiber optics may play a critical role in the development of quantum information processors based on trapped ions and atoms by enabling scalable collection and delivery of light and coupling trapped ions to optical microcavities. We trap (24)Mg(+) ions in a surface-electrode Paul trap that includes an integrated optical fiber for detecting 280-nm fluorescence photons. The collection numerical aperture is 0.37, and total collection efficiency is 2.1%. The ion can be positioned between 80 and 100 mu m from the tip of the fiber by use of an adjustable rf pseudopotential.
C1 [VanDevender, A. P.; Colombe, Y.; Amini, J.; Leibfried, D.; Wineland, D. J.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP VanDevender, AP (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div 847-10,325 Broadway St, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM aaron.vandevender@nist.gov
FU DARPA; NSA; ONR; IARPA; NIST
FX This work was supported by DARPA, NSA, ONR, IARPA, and the NIST Quantum
Information Program. We thank Sandia National Labs for performing the
focused ion beam step of our trap fabrication. We also thank J.
Bollinger and C. Ospelkaus for their assistance with the experimental
apparatus and R. Schmied and U. Warring for helpful comments on the
manuscript. Contribution of the National Institute of Standards and
Technology; not subject to U.S. copyright. Any mention of commercial
products is for information only; it does not imply recommendation or
endorsement by NIST.
NR 32
TC 37
Z9 37
U1 0
U2 10
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JUL 7
PY 2010
VL 105
IS 2
AR 023001
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.023001
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 621TZ
UT WOS:000279608600001
PM 20867706
ER
PT J
AU Pease, LF
Tsai, DH
Hertz, JL
Zangmeister, RA
Zachariah, MR
Tarlov, MJ
AF Pease, Leonard F., III
Tsai, De-Hao
Hertz, Joshua L.
Zangmeister, Rebecca A.
Zachariah, Michael R.
Tarlov, Michael J.
TI Packing and Size Determination of Colloidal Nanoclusters
SO LANGMUIR
LA English
DT Article
ID DIFFERENTIAL MOBILITY ANALYSIS; PROTEIN COMPLEXES; LIGHT-SCATTERING;
VIRUSES; AGGREGATION; PARTICLES; KINETICS; NANOPARTICLES; MICROSPHERES;
SPECTROMETRY
AB Here we demonstrate a rapid and quantitative means to characterize the size and packing structure of small clusters of nanoparticles in colloidal suspension. Clustering and aggregation play important roles in a wide variety of phenomena of both scientific and technical importance, yet characterizing the packing of nanoparticles within small clusters and predicting their aerodynamic size remains challenging because available techniques can lack adequate resolution and sensitivity for clusters smaller than 100 nm (optical techniques), perturb the packing arrangement (electron microscopies), or provide only an ensemble average (light scattering techniques). In this article, we use electrospray-differential mobility analysis (ES-DMA), a technique that exerts electrical and drag forces on the clusters, to determine the size and packing of small clusters. We provide an analytical model to determine the mobility size of various packing geometries based on the projected area of the clusters. Data for clusters aggregated from nominally 10 nm gold particles and nonenveloped viruses of various sizes show good agreement between measured and predicted cluster sizes for close-packed spheres.
C1 [Pease, Leonard F., III; Tsai, De-Hao; Hertz, Joshua L.; Zangmeister, Rebecca A.; Zachariah, Michael R.; Tarlov, Michael J.] NIST, Proc Measurements Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Pease, Leonard F., III] Univ Utah, Dept Chem Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Tsai, De-Hao; Zachariah, Michael R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem & Mech Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Hertz, Joshua L.] Univ Delaware, Dept Mech Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
RP Pease, LF (reprint author), NIST, Proc Measurements Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM pease@eng.utah.edu; mrz@umd.edu; mtarlov@nist.gov
RI Hertz, Joshua/B-7239-2012; Tsai, De-Hao/K-6702-2012; Zangmeister,
Rebecca/D-6641-2017
OI Hertz, Joshua/0000-0003-0650-5141; Tsai, De-Hao/0000-0002-2669-3007;
Zangmeister, Rebecca/0000-0002-0540-6240
FU National Research Council
FX L.F.P. acknowledges support of a post-doctoral fellowship through the
National Research Council. The authors also thank David L. Lahr and
Richard E. Cavicchi for helpful discussions.
NR 41
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 2
U2 19
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0743-7463
J9 LANGMUIR
JI Langmuir
PD JUL 6
PY 2010
VL 26
IS 13
BP 11384
EP 11390
DI 10.1021/la100839t
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 616VX
UT WOS:000279239900133
PM 20481487
ER
PT J
AU Hong, JS
Stavis, SM
Lacerda, SHD
Locascio, LE
Raghavan, SR
Gaitan, M
AF Hong, Jennifer S.
Stavis, Samuel M.
Lacerda, Silvia H. DePaoli
Locascio, Laurie E.
Raghavan, Srinivasa R.
Gaitan, Michael
TI Microfluidic Directed Self-Assembly of Liposome-Hydrogel Hybrid
Nanoparticles
SO LANGMUIR
LA English
DT Article
ID MULTIANGLE LIGHT-SCATTERING; DRUG-DELIVERY; IN-VITRO; NANOGELS; SIZE;
DEVICE; POLY(N-ISOPROPYLACRYLAMIDE); FRACTIONATION; CYTOTOXICITY;
MONODISPERSE
AB We present a microfluidic method to direct the self-assembly of temperature-sensitive liposome-hydrogel hybrid nanoparticles. Our approach yields nanoparticles with structural properties and highly monodisperse size distributions precisely controlled across a broad range relevant to the targeted delivery and controlled release of encapsulated therapeutic agents. We used microfluidic hydrodynamic focusing to control the convective-diffusive mixing of two miscible nanoparticle precursor solutions (a DPPC:cholesterol:DCP phospholipid formulation in isopropanol and a photopolymerizable N-isopropylacrylamide mixture in aqueous butler) to form nanoscale lipid vesicles with encapsulated hydrogel precursors. These precursor nanoparticles were collected off-chip and were irradiated with ultraviolet (UV) light in bulk to polymerize the nanoparticle interiors into hydrogel cores. Multiangle laser light scattering in conjunction with asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation was used to characterize nanoparticle size distributions, which spanned the approximate to 150 to approximate to 300 nm diameter range as controlled by microfluidic mixing conditions, with a polydispersity of approximate to 3% to approximate to 5% (relative standard deviation). Transmission electron microscopy was then used to confirm the spherical shape and core-shell composition of the hybrid nanoparticles. This method may be extended to the directed self-assembly of other similar cross-linked hybrid nanoparticle systems with engineered size/structure-function relationships for practical use in healthcare and life science applications.
C1 [Hong, Jennifer S.; Stavis, Samuel M.; Gaitan, Michael] NIST, Div Semicond Elect, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Locascio, Laurie E.] NIST, Div Biochem Sci, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Hong, Jennifer S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Bioengn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Raghavan, Srinivasa R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Lacerda, Silvia H. DePaoli] US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA.
RP Hong, JS (reprint author), NIST, Div Semicond Elect, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM Jennifer.hong@nist.gov
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST); NSF
FX This research was performed while SMS held a National Research Council
Research Associateship Award at the National Institute of Standards and
Technology (NIST). Device fabrication was performed in part at the
Cornell Nanoscale Science and Technology Facility (CNF), a member of the
National Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network supported by the NSF, and
in part at the NisT Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology (CNST).
The authors thank the CNF and CNST staff for assistance with device
fabrication, Wyatt Vreeland from the NIST Biochemical Science Division
for use of the AF4-MALLS instrumentation, and Jon Geist and Darwin Reyes
from the NIST Semiconductor Electronics Division for helpful
discussions.
NR 43
TC 44
Z9 45
U1 7
U2 107
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0743-7463
J9 LANGMUIR
JI Langmuir
PD JUL 6
PY 2010
VL 26
IS 13
BP 11581
EP 11588
DI 10.1021/la100879p
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Materials Science
GA 616VX
UT WOS:000279239900161
PM 20429539
ER
PT J
AU Reiner, JE
Kasianowicz, JJ
Nablo, BJ
Robertson, JWF
AF Reiner, Joseph E.
Kasianowicz, John J.
Nablo, Brian J.
Robertson, Joseph W. F.
TI Theory for polymer analysis using nanopore-based single-molecule mass
spectrometry
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE alpha-hemolysin; nanopore-based sensing; polymer confinement; polymer
analysis
ID ALPHA-HEMOLYSIN CHANNEL; ION-CHANNEL; PROTEIN PORE; DYNAMICS; TRANSPORT;
DISCRIMINATION; PEPTIDES; SENSORS; RADIUS
AB Nanometer-scale pores have demonstrated potential for the electrical detection, quantification, and characterization of molecules for biomedical applications and the chemical analysis of polymers. Despite extensive research in the nanopore sensing field, there is a paucity of theoretical models that incorporate the interactions between chemicals (i.e., solute, solvent, analyte, and nanopore). Here, we develop a model that simultaneously describes both the current blockade depth and residence times caused by individual poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) molecules in a single a-hemolysin ion channel. Modeling polymer-cation binding leads to a description of two significant effects: a reduction in the mobile cation concentration inside the pore and an increase in the affinity between the polymer and the pore. The model was used to estimate the free energy of formation for K+-PEG inside the nanopore (approximate to-49.7 meV) and the free energy of PEG partitioning into the nanopore (approximate to 0.76 meV per ethylene glycol monomer). The results suggest that rational, physical models for the analysis of analyte-nanopore interactions will develop the full potential of nanopore-based sensing for chemical and biological applications.
C1 [Reiner, Joseph E.; Kasianowicz, John J.; Nablo, Brian J.; Robertson, Joseph W. F.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Semicond Elect, Elect & Elect Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Reiner, JE (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Semicond Elect, Elect & Elect Engn Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM joseph.reiner@nist.gov; joseph.robertson@nist.gov
RI Reiner, Joseph/B-7893-2013;
OI Reiner, Joseph/0000-0002-1056-8703
FU NIST Office of Law Enforcement Standards; NIST Office of
Microelectronics
FX Henry White provided helpful instructions for working with conical glass
pores and generously donated glass nanopore supports. We thank
Electronic Biosciences, LLC, for building a high-impedance amplifier and
data acquisition system for our laboratory under a National Institute of
Standards and Technology (NIST) Small Business Innovation Research
grant. This work was sponsored in part by grants from the NIST Office of
Law Enforcement Standards and NIST Office of Microelectronics Projects.
Certain commercial equipment, instruments, or materials are identified
in this work to specify the experimental procedure adequately. Such
identification is not intended to imply recommendation or endorsement by
NIST, nor is it intended to imply that the materials or equipment
identified are necessarily the best available for this purpose.
NR 42
TC 94
Z9 94
U1 4
U2 22
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD JUL 6
PY 2010
VL 107
IS 27
BP 12080
EP 12085
DI 10.1073/pnas.1002194107
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 621JI
UT WOS:000279572100009
PM 20566890
ER
PT J
AU Holmes, GA
Kim, JH
Leigh, S
McDonough, W
AF Holmes, Gale A.
Kim, Jae Hyun
Leigh, Stefan
McDonough, Walter
TI The Single Fiber Composite Test: A Comparison of E-Glass Fiber
Fragmentation Data with Statistical Theories
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE glass fibers; polymer-matrix composites (PMCS); fragmentation;
interface; statistics
ID FILAMENT COMPOSITE; STRESS TRANSFER; STRENGTH; INTERFACE
AB The exact theories advanced by Curtin(6) and Hui et al.(7) to describe the fiber break evolution process in single fiber composites are found to be incorrect when compared with experimental data. In contrast to theoretical predictions where the matrix is assumed to be elastic perfectly plastic, experimental data indicate that the sizes of the fragment lengths that survive to saturation decrease as the strain is increased. It is also shown that the break locations at saturation are uniform along the length of the fiber specimens, with the uniformity apparently being independent of interfacial shear strength, fiber type, matrix type, and fiber-fiber interactions. The theory of uniform spacings gives an explicit distribution function for the ordered fragment lengths. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 117: 509-516, 2010
C1 [Holmes, Gale A.; Kim, Jae Hyun; Leigh, Stefan; McDonough, Walter] NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Holmes, GA (reprint author), NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM gale.holmes@nist.gov
NR 23
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0021-8995
J9 J APPL POLYM SCI
JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci.
PD JUL 5
PY 2010
VL 117
IS 1
BP 509
EP 516
DI 10.1002/app.31002
PG 8
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 594GF
UT WOS:000277523500063
ER
PT J
AU Buckler, AJ
Schwartz, LH
Petrick, N
McNitt-Gray, M
Zhao, B
Fenimore, C
Reeves, AP
Mozley, PD
Avila, RS
AF Buckler, A. J.
Schwartz, L. H.
Petrick, N.
McNitt-Gray, M.
Zhao, B.
Fenimore, C.
Reeves, A. P.
Mozley, P. D.
Avila, R. S.
TI Data sets for the qualification of volumetric CT as a quantitative
imaging biomarker in lung cancer
SO OPTICS EXPRESS
LA English
DT Article
ID TUMOR RESPONSE; INTRAOBSERVER VARIABILITY; PULMONARY NODULES; TRUTH
DATA; THERAPY; ERROR; INTEROBSERVER; CRITERIA; PHANTOM; TRIALS
AB The drug development industry is faced with increasing costs and decreasing success rates. New ways to understand biology as well as the increasing interest in personalized treatments for smaller patient segments requires new capabilities for the rapid assessment of treatment responses. Deployment of qualified imaging biomarkers lags apparent technology capabilities. The lack of consensus methods and qualification evidence needed for large-scale multi-center trials, as well as the standardization that allows them, are widely acknowledged to be the limiting factors. The current fragmentation in imaging vendor offerings, coupled with the independent activities of individual biopharmaceutical companies and their contract research organizations (CROs), may stand in the way of the greater opportunity were these efforts to be drawn together. A preliminary report, "Volumetric CT: a potential biomarker of response," of the Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers Alliance (QIBA) activity was presented at the Medical Imaging Continuum: Path Forward for Advancing the Uses of Medical Imaging in the Development of New Biopharmaceutical Products meeting of the Extended Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA) Imaging Group sponsored by the Drug Information Agency (DIA) in October 2008. The clinical context in Lung Cancer and a methodology for approaching the qualification of volumetric CT as a biomarker has since been reported [Acad. Radiol. 17, 100-106, 107-115 (2010)]. This report reviews the effort to collect and utilize publicly available data sets to provide a transparent environment in which to pursue the qualification activities in such a way as to allow independent peer review and verification of results. This article focuses specifically on our role as stewards of image sets for developing new tools. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America
C1 [Buckler, A. J.] Buckler Biomed LLC, Wenham, MA USA.
[Schwartz, L. H.; Zhao, B.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA.
[Petrick, N.] US FDA, Ctr Devices & Radiol Hlth, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[McNitt-Gray, M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Fenimore, C.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Reeves, A. P.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA.
[Mozley, P. D.] Merck Res Labs, West Point, PA USA.
[Avila, R. S.] Kitware Inc, Clifton Pk, NY USA.
RP Buckler, AJ (reprint author), Buckler Biomed LLC, Wenham, MA USA.
EM andrew@bucklerbiomedical.com
OI Buckler, Andrew/0000-0002-0786-4835; McNItt-Gray,
Michael/0000-0003-3004-4613
FU NCI; CDRH/NIBIB Laboratory for the Assessment of Medical Imaging Systems
(LAMIS)
FX Many members of our Technical Committee have made substantial
contributions to the work described in this report. We would like to
specifically acknowledge the following people in addition to the authors
(alphabetically): Robert Ford (RadPharm), David Gustafson (Intio),
Philip F. Judy (NLST), Matthias Thorn (Siemens Healthcare), James
Mulshine (Rush), Daniel Nicolson (Definiens), Kevin O'Donnell (Toshiba),
and Daniel C. Sullivan (Duke University and Scientific Advisor to RSNA).
Linda Bresolin, Joseph Koudelik, and Fiona Miller of the RSNA organized
each meeting, kept our records, and built the contents of our wiki. We
would further like to acknowledge the support of the NCI Cancer Imaging
Program, its RIDER Project
(http://imaging.cancer.gov/reportsandpublications/ReportsandPresentation
s/LungImaging/), and the CDRH/NIBIB Laboratory for the Assessment of
Medical Imaging Systems (LAMIS)
(http://www.nibib.nih.gov/Research/Intramural/LAMIS)
NR 29
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 4
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1094-4087
J9 OPT EXPRESS
JI Opt. Express
PD JUL 5
PY 2010
VL 18
IS 14
BP 15267
EP 15282
DI 10.1364/OE.18.015267
PG 16
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 622DN
UT WOS:000279639900099
PM 20640013
ER
PT J
AU Ming, Y
Ramaswamy, V
Persad, G
AF Ming, Yi
Ramaswamy, V.
Persad, Geeta
TI Two opposing effects of absorbing aerosols on global-mean precipitation
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE; RESPONSES; CLOUDS; MODEL
AB Absorbing aerosols affect global-mean precipitation primarily in two ways. They give rise to stronger shortwave atmospheric heating, which acts to suppress precipitation. Depending on the top-of-the-atmosphere radiative flux change, they can also warm up the surface with a tendency to increase precipitation. Here, we present a theoretical framework that takes into account both effects, and apply it to analyze the hydrological responses to increased black carbon burden simulated with a general circulation model. It is found that the damping effect of atmospheric heating can outweigh the enhancing effect of surface warming, resulting in a net decrease in precipitation. The implications for moist convection and general circulation are discussed. Citation: Ming, Y., V. Ramaswamy, and G. Persad (2010), Two opposing effects of absorbing aerosols on global-mean precipitation, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L13701, doi:10.1029/2010GL042895.
C1 [Ming, Yi; Ramaswamy, V.; Persad, Geeta] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Persad, Geeta] Stanford Univ, Dept Geophys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Ming, Y (reprint author), NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, 201 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM yi.ming@noaa.gov
RI Ming, Yi/F-3023-2012
FU NOAA's Oce of Education
FX G.P. was supported by the Ernest F. Hollings Undergraduate Scholarship
Program, administered by NOAA's Oce of Education.
NR 20
TC 59
Z9 59
U1 1
U2 18
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD JUL 2
PY 2010
VL 37
AR L13701
DI 10.1029/2010GL042895
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 620KO
UT WOS:000279498700002
ER
PT J
AU Hawkins, LN
Russell, LM
Covert, DS
Quinn, PK
Bates, TS
AF Hawkins, L. N.
Russell, L. M.
Covert, D. S.
Quinn, P. K.
Bates, T. S.
TI Carboxylic acids, sulfates, and organosulfates in processed continental
organic aerosol over the southeast Pacific Ocean during VOCALS-REx 2008
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID MARINE BOUNDARY-LAYER; POSITIVE MATRIX FACTORIZATION; TO-AIR TRANSFER;
MASS-SPECTROMETER; ATMOSPHERIC PARTICLES; PARTICULATE MATTER;
FUNCTIONAL-GROUPS; AMBIENT AEROSOL; MEXICO-CITY; SECONDARY
AB Submicron particles were collected on board the NOAA R/V Ronald H. Brown during the VAMOS Ocean-Cloud-Atmosphere-Land Study Regional Experiment (VOCALS-REx) in the southeast Pacific marine boundary layer in October and November 2008. The aerosol in this region was characterized by low numbers of particles (150-700 cm(-3)) that were dominated by sulfate ions at concentrations of 0.9 +/- 0.7 mu g m(-3) and organic mass at 0.6 +/- 0.4 mu g m(-3), with no measurable nitrate and low ammonium ion concentrations. Measurements of submicron organic aerosol functional groups and trace elements show that continental outflow of anthropogenic emissions is the dominant source of organic mass (OM) to the southeast Pacific with an additional, smaller contribution of organic mass from primary marine sources. This continental source is supported by a correlation between OM and radon. Saturated aliphatic C-CH (alkane) composed 41 +/- 27% of OM. Carboxylic acid COOH (32 +/- 23% of OM) was observed in single particles internally mixed with ketonic carbonyl, carbonate, and potassium. Organosulfate COSO3 (4 +/- 8% of OM) was observed only during the periods of highest organic and sulfate concentrations and lowest ammonium concentrations, consistent with a sulfuric acid epoxide hydrolysis for proposed surrogate compounds (e. g., isoprene oxidation products) or reactive glyoxal uptake mechanisms from laboratory studies. This correlation suggests that in high-sulfate, low-ammonium conditions, the formation of organosulfate compounds in the atmosphere contributes a significant fraction of aerosol OM (up to 13% in continental air masses). Organic hydroxyl C-OH composed 20 +/- 12% of OM and up to 50% of remote marine OM and was inversely correlated with radon indicating a marine source. A two-factor solution of positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis resulted in one factor dominated by organic hydroxyl (>70% by mass) and one factor dominated by saturated aliphatic C-CH (alkane) and carboxylic acid (together, 90% by mass), identified as the marine and combustion factors, respectively. Measurements of particle concentrations in the study region compared with concentrations estimated from MODIS aerosol optical depth indicate that continental outflow results in MBL particle concentrations elevated up to 2 times the background level (less than 300 cm(-3)) away from shore and up to 10 times the background level at the coast. The presence of both coastal fossil fuel combustion and marine sources of oxygenated organic aerosol results in little change in the oxygenated fraction and oxygen to carbon ratio (O/C) along the outflow of the region's dominant organic particle source.
C1 [Hawkins, L. N.; Russell, L. M.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Covert, D. S.] Univ Washington, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Quinn, P. K.; Bates, T. S.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Hawkins, LN (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM lmrussell@ucsd.edu
RI Bates, Timothy/L-6080-2016; Quinn, Patricia/R-1493-2016
OI Quinn, Patricia/0000-0003-0337-4895
FU NSF [ATM-0744636]; NOAA Climate Project Office
FX This work was supported by NSF grant ATM-0744636. P.K.Q., T.S.B., and
D.S.C. were supported by the NOAA Climate Project Office, Atmospheric
Composition and Climate Program. The authors would like to acknowledge
Shang Liu for analysis of single particles by STXM-NEXAFS and Satoshi
Takahama for technical assistance with STXM and PMF analyses. We would
also like to thank Derek Coffman, James Johnson, and Catherine Hoyle for
their assistance in sample collection and analysis as well as the
captain and crew of the NOAA R/V Ronald H. Brown for their support in
the field.
NR 82
TC 82
Z9 82
U1 2
U2 60
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUL 2
PY 2010
VL 115
AR D13201
DI 10.1029/2009JD013276
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 620TT
UT WOS:000279523700001
ER
PT J
AU Lubken, FJ
Austin, J
Langematz, U
Oberheide, J
AF Luebken, F.-J.
Austin, J.
Langematz, U.
Oberheide, J.
TI Introduction to special section on Climate and Weather of the Sun Earth
System
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
AB In the special section on CAWSES (Climate and Weather of the Sun Earth System) a total of 19 papers are published covering several aspects of Sun-Earth coupling. Six papers concentrate on summer mesospheric ice clouds including detection by satellites, radar based derivation of particle properties, and water vapor observations in the mesosphere. Solar radiation affects ice clouds on time scales of the 11 year solar cycle and 27 days. Stratospheric shrinking contributes significantly to long-term trends of ice clouds. The seasonal variability of smoke particles is confirmed to be impacted by global circulation. Six papers address the external forcing of the atmosphere caused by the Sun. The relevance of radionuclei and solar radiation spectral irradiance is presented. The impact of precipitating energetic solar particles on trace gas concentrations is studied. Ion chemistry and electron production can be important to destroy ozone in the mesosphere and upper stratosphere. Strong solar events can reduce ice clouds on short time scales owing to dynamical feed back mechanisms. The 27 day solar signal is identified in ozone concentration using satellite measurements. Model studies show that the dynamical response of the stratospheric polar vortex to solar cycle forcing depends on the phase of the quasi-biennial oscillation. The year 2009 was a remarkable exception from this rule reinforcing natural variability. Regarding centennial time scales it is shown that changes in the stratosphere can influence tropospheric circulation. Tides have extensively been studied within CAWSES. As is demonstrated, nonmigrating tides originating in the troposphere can propagate into the thermosphere.
C1 [Luebken, F.-J.] Univ Rostock, Leibniz Inst Atmospher Phys, D-18225 Kuhlungsborn, Germany.
[Austin, J.] Univ Corp Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO USA.
[Austin, J.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08542 USA.
[Langematz, U.] Free Univ Berlin, Inst Meteorol, D-12165 Berlin, Germany.
[Oberheide, J.] Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
RP Lubken, FJ (reprint author), Univ Rostock, Leibniz Inst Atmospher Phys, Schloss Str 6, D-18225 Kuhlungsborn, Germany.
EM luebken@iap-kborn.de
RI Oberheide, Jens/C-6156-2011
OI Oberheide, Jens/0000-0001-6721-2540
NR 20
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 5
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD JUL 2
PY 2010
VL 115
AR D00I19
DI 10.1029/2009JD013784
PG 6
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 620TT
UT WOS:000279523700002
ER
PT J
AU Searles, TA
Imanaka, Y
Takamasu, T
Ajiki, H
Fagan, JA
Hobbie, EK
Kono, J
AF Searles, T. A.
Imanaka, Y.
Takamasu, T.
Ajiki, H.
Fagan, J. A.
Hobbie, E. K.
Kono, J.
TI Large Anisotropy in the Magnetic Susceptibility of Metallic Carbon
Nanotubes
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID FIELDS
AB Through magnetic linear dichroism spectroscopy, the magnetic susceptibility anisotropy of metallic single-walled carbon nanotubes has been extracted and found to be 2-4 times greater than values for semiconducting nanotubes. This large anisotropy can be understood in terms of large orbital paramagnetism of metallic nanotubes arising from the Aharonov-Bohm-phase-induced gap opening in a parallel field, and our calculations quantitatively reproduce these results. We also compare our values with previous work for semiconducting nanotubes, which confirm that the magnetic susceptibility anisotropy does not increase linearly with the diameter for small-diameter nanotubes.
C1 [Searles, T. A.; Kono, J.] Rice Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
[Imanaka, Y.; Takamasu, T.] Natl Inst Mat Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050003, Japan.
[Ajiki, H.] Osaka Univ, Photon Pioneers Ctr, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan.
[Fagan, J. A.; Hobbie, E. K.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Kono, J (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
EM kono@rice.edu
RI Hobbie, Erik/C-8269-2013;
OI Fagan, Jeffrey/0000-0003-1483-5554
FU DOE-BES [DE-FG02-06ER46308]; NSF [OISE-0530220]; Robert A. Welch
Foundation [C-1509]; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and
Technology of Japan [19054013]
FX This work was supported by the DOE-BES (Grant No. DE-FG02-06ER46308),
the NSF (Grant No. OISE-0530220), the Robert A. Welch Foundation (Grant
No. C-1509), and Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research under Grant No.
19054013 from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and
Technology of Japan. We thank Noe Alvarez and Ajit Srivastava for their
help with atomic force microscope length measurements and data analysis,
respectively. This work is an official contribution of the National
Institute of Standards and Technology and not subject to copyright in
the United States.
NR 24
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 18
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD JUL 2
PY 2010
VL 105
IS 1
AR 017403
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.017403
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 620FX
UT WOS:000279485600001
PM 20867476
ER
PT J
AU Arimondo, E
Clark, CW
Martin, WC
AF Arimondo, E.
Clark, Charles W.
Martin, W. C.
TI Colloquium: Ettore Majorana and the birth of autoionization
SO REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID DOUBLY-EXCITED HELIUM; ABSORPTION-LINE PROFILES; ARC SPECTRUM; NEUTRAL
HELIUM; ENERGY-STATES; EXCITATION; ELECTRON; ZINC; CONFIGURATION;
RESONANCES
AB In some of the first applications of modern quantum mechanics to the spectroscopy of many-electron atoms, Ettore Majorana in 1931 solved several outstanding problems by developing the theory of autoionization. Later literature makes only sporadic references to this accomplishment. After reviewing his work in its contemporary context, we describe subsequent developments in understanding the spectra treated by Majorana and extensions of his theory to other areas of physics. Several puzzles are found concerning the treatment of Majorana's work in the subsequent literature and the way in which the modern theory of autoionization was developed.
C1 [Arimondo, E.; Clark, Charles W.; Martin, W. C.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Arimondo, E (reprint author), Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis E Fermi, I-56100 Pisa, Italy.
EM arimondo@df.unipi.it; charles.clark@nist.gov; wmartin@nist.gov
RI Clark, Charles/A-8594-2009
OI Clark, Charles/0000-0001-8724-9885
NR 87
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0034-6861
J9 REV MOD PHYS
JI Rev. Mod. Phys.
PD JUL 2
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 3
BP 1947
EP 1958
DI 10.1103/RevModPhys.82.1947
PG 12
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 620GX
UT WOS:000279488200001
ER
PT J
AU Chen, KS
Crone, PR
Hsu, CC
AF Chen, K. -S.
Crone, P. R.
Hsu, C. -C.
TI Reproductive biology of albacore Thunnus alalunga
SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE batch fecundity; North Pacific; oogenesis; sexual maturity; spawning
frequency; spermatogenesis
ID PACIFIC-OCEAN; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; BLUEFIN TUNA
AB Reproductive variables in albacore Thunnus alalunga were evaluated by gonad histology in samples of 132 males (58-118 cm fork length, L-F) and 112 females (59-101 cm L-F) that were collected from the western North Pacific Ocean from 2001 to 2006. In the sex ratio examination, males greatly outnumbered females in large adult fish (L-F > 100 cm). Thunnus alalunga exhibited a protracted spawning period from March to September in the waters off eastern Taiwan and the Philippines, and the peak spawning activity occurred in March and April. Minimum sizes associated with the classification of mature fish were 78 and 83 cm L-F for males and females, respectively. In addition, the largest L-F of immature fish were 93 cm for males and 94 cm for females. The spawning frequency estimate in April was 1 center dot 7 days. Batch-fecundity estimates of 21 females (89-99 cm L-F) ranged between 0 center dot 17 and 1 center dot 66 million eggs (mean +/- s.d. = 0 center dot 94 +/- 0 center dot 43). The relative fecundity estimates of the 21 females ranged between 9 center dot 2 and 92 center dot 4 oocytes g-1 body mass (mean +/- s.d. = 50 center dot 5 +/- 22 center dot 8). The results presented in this study provide increased information regarding this species' reproductive-related characteristics than are currently available in stock status determinations.
C1 [Chen, K. -S.; Hsu, C. -C.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Coll Sci, Inst Oceanog, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
[Crone, P. R.] NOAA Fisheries, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Hsu, CC (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ, Coll Sci, Inst Oceanog, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
EM hsucc@ntu.edu.tw
FU National Science Council of Taiwan [NSC90-2313-B-002-314,
NSC91-2313-B-002-290, NSC92-2313-B-002-060]
FX This research was supported by grants from the National Science Council
of Taiwan (NSC90-2313-B-002-314; NSC91-2313-B-002-290;
NSC92-2313-B-002-060) to C.-C. H. The authors thank C.-L. Chen and
several anonymous captains for help in collecting albacore samples. We
also thank H.-Y. Yang, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology,
National Taiwan University, for support regarding histological
techniques.
NR 31
TC 22
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 15
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0022-1112
J9 J FISH BIOL
JI J. Fish Biol.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 77
IS 1
BP 119
EP 136
DI 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2010.02662.x
PG 18
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 625OC
UT WOS:000279903700008
PM 20646142
ER
PT J
AU Wong, YC
Sin, DWM
Yip, YC
Valiente, L
Toervenyi, A
Wang, J
Labarraque, G
Gupta, P
Soni, D
Surmadi
Hwang, E
Yafa, C
Cankur, O
Uysal, E
Turk, G
Huertas, R
Murphy, KE
AF Wong, Y. C.
Sin, D. W. M.
Yip, Y. C.
Valiente, L.
Toervenyi, A.
Wang, J.
Labarraque, G.
Gupta, P.
Soni, D.
Surmadi
Hwang, E.
Yafa, C.
Cankur, O.
Uysal, E.
Turk, G.
Huertas, R.
Murphy, K. E.
TI International comparison of the determination of cadmium and lead in
herb: the Comite Consultatif pour la Quantite de Matiere (CCQM) pilot
study CCQM-P97 (vol 14, pg 151, 2009)
SO ACCREDITATION AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Valiente, L.] Inst Nacl Tecnol Ind, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
[Toervenyi, A.] IAEA, A-1400 Vienna, Austria.
[Wang, J.] Natl Inst Metrol, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Labarraque, G.] Lab Natl Metrol & Essais, Paris, France.
[Gupta, P.; Soni, D.] Natl Phys Lab India, New Delhi, India.
[Surmadi] Indonesian Inst Sci, Bandung, Indonesia.
[Hwang, E.] Korea Res Inst Stand & Sci, Taejon, South Korea.
[Yafa, C.] Natl Inst Metrol Thailand, Pathum Thani, Thailand.
[Cankur, O.; Uysal, E.] Tubitak Natl Metrol Inst, Gebze, Turkey.
[Turk, G.; Murphy, K. E.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Huertas, R.] Lab Tecnol Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay.
[Wong, Y. C.; Sin, D. W. M.; Yip, Y. C.] Govt Lab, Homantin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
RP Wong, YC (reprint author), Govt Lab, Homantin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
EM ycwong@govtlab.gov.hk
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 5
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0949-1775
J9 ACCREDIT QUAL ASSUR
JI Accredit. Qual. Assur.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 15
IS 7
BP 433
EP 433
DI 10.1007/s00769-010-0681-x
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Chemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA 620LM
UT WOS:000279501400008
ER
PT J
AU Sumanasooriya, MS
Bentz, DP
Neithalath, N
AF Sumanasooriya, Milani S.
Bentz, Dale P.
Neithalath, Narayanan
TI Planar Image-Based Reconstruction of Pervious Concrete Pore Structure
and Permeability Prediction
SO ACI MATERIALS JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE permeability; pervious concrete; porosity; three-dimensional
reconstruction
ID ENHANCED POROSITY CONCRETE; MODEL POROUS-MEDIA; FLUID PERMEABILITY; SIZE
AB Transport properties of porous materials such as pervious concretes are inherently dependent on a variety of pore structure features. Empirical equations are typically used to relate the pore structure of a porous material to its permeability In this study a computational procedure is employed to predict the permeability of 12 different pervious concrete mixtures from three-dimensional (3D) material structures reconstructed from starting planar images of the original material. Two-point correlation (TPC) functions of the two-dimensional (2D) images from real pervious concrete specimens are employed along with the measured volumetric porosities in the reconstruction process. The pore structure features of the parent material and the reconstructed images are found to be similar The permeabilities predicted using Darcy's law applied to the reconstructed structures and the experimentally measured permeabilities of pervious concretes are found to be in reasonably good agreement. The 3D reconstruction process provides a relatively inexpensive method (instead of methods such as X-ray tomography) to explore the nature of the pore space in pervious concretes and predict permeability thus facilitating its use in understanding the changes in pore structure as a result of changes in mixture proportions.
C1 [Sumanasooriya, Milani S.; Neithalath, Narayanan] Clarkson Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Potsdam, NY 13676 USA.
[Bentz, Dale P.] NIST, Mat & Construct Res Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Sumanasooriya, MS (reprint author), Clarkson Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Potsdam, NY 13676 USA.
RI Neithalath, Narayanan/F-8412-2014
OI Neithalath, Narayanan/0000-0002-3174-0402
FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [CMMI 0747897]
FX The third author gratefully acknowledges funding from a CAREER award
(CMMI 0747897) from the National Science Foundation (NSF) in support of
this work. The authors also extend their appreciation to O. Deo, a
graduate student at Clarkson, for his help with specimen preparation.
NR 30
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 12
PU AMER CONCRETE INST
PI FARMINGTON HILLS
PA 38800 COUNTRY CLUB DR, FARMINGTON HILLS, MI 48331 USA
SN 0889-325X
J9 ACI MATER J
JI ACI Mater. J.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2010
VL 107
IS 4
BP 413
EP 421
PG 9
WC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science
GA 636NM
UT WOS:000280744000012
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, PM
Stafford, CM
AF Johnson, Peter M.
Stafford, Christopher M.
TI Effect of Interfacial Adhesion on Viscoelastic Relaxation Processes in
Thin Polymer Film Indentation
SO ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
LA English
DT Article
DE creep; indentation; viscoelastic properties; interfaces; adhesion;
coatings
ID ELASTIC LAYER; CONTACT; TESTS
AB Polymer coatings are dependent on strongly bonded buried interfaces to maintain adhesion and protective properties over long application lifetimes. In this work, we detail the detection of buried interfaces with deviations from perfect bonded or perfect slip interfaces using surface indentation on thin films with large contact areas. The interfacial interactions between photopolymerized methacrylate films and a glass substrate were tailored using silane chemistry to create an interface that either easily releases from or cross-links with the polymer network. Creep compliance measurements on the polymethacrylate films were compared with predicted contact measurements for literature models of ideal interfaces. Nonideal contributions from interfacial effects were detected during experiments with high confinement. The extent of these effects varied with polymer network structure and polymer/substrate interface strength, with fluorinated interfaces exhibiting up to a 25% increase in indentation contact area as compared to an ideal bonded indentation due to the presence of a weak interface.. The ability to probe the response of a buried interface under low indentation loads is attractive for testing and validating the interfacial properties and performance of coatings and films. This approach could be used to interrogate the fidelity of an interface in critical areas such as corrosion protection and encapsulation.
C1 [Johnson, Peter M.; Stafford, Christopher M.] NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Stafford, CM (reprint author), NIST, Div Polymers, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology/National Research Council
FX P.M.J. thanks the National Institute of Standards and
Technology/National Research Council Post-doctoral Fellowship Program
for funding. This is an official contribution of the National Institute
of Standards and Technology and is not subject to copyright in the
United States.
NR 25
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 3
U2 21
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1944-8244
J9 ACS APPL MATER INTER
JI ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 2
IS 7
BP 2108
EP 2115
DI 10.1021/am100369z
PG 8
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 631SB
UT WOS:000280367000047
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, XH
Yager, KG
Fredin, NJ
Ro, HW
Jones, RL
Karim, A
Douglas, JF
AF Zhang, Xiaohua
Yager, Kevin G.
Fredin, Nathaniel J.
Ro, Hyun Wook
Jones, Ronald L.
Karim, Alamgir
Douglas, Jack F.
TI Thermally Reversible Surface Morphology Transition in Thin Diblock
Copolymer Films
SO ACS NANO
LA English
DT Article
DE block copolymer; thin film; surface morphology; thermal-reversible;
transition
ID BLOCK-COPOLYMER; MICRODOMAIN STRUCTURES; SPHERE TRANSITION; LAYER
GROWTH; CYLINDER; THERMODYNAMICS; MOLECULES
AB Many phase transitions exhibit ordering transitions at the boundary of the material that are distinct from its interior where intermolecular interactions can be significantly different. The present work considers the existence of a surface thermodynamic order order transition between two distinct morphologies in thin block copolymer (BCP) films that are of interest in nanomanufacturing applications. Specifically, we find a thermally reversible interfacial transition between sphere-like structures and cylinders in flow-coated films of poly(styrene-block-methyl methacrylate) (PS-b-PMMA), where the BCP forms a cylinder microphase in the bulk. We present direct evidence from atomic force microscopy (AIM) of ion-etched films and grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS) on films without etching, which shows that the order order transition is restricted to the outer layer of the film, while the film interior remains in the cylinder state. Moreover, we find this order order transition to be insensitive to film thickness over the range investigated (40-170 nm). This morphological transition is of importance in characterizing the thermodynamics and dynamics of thin BCP films used as templates in nanomanufacturing applications.
C1 [Zhang, Xiaohua; Yager, Kevin G.; Fredin, Nathaniel J.; Ro, Hyun Wook; Jones, Ronald L.; Karim, Alamgir; Douglas, Jack F.] NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Zhang, XH (reprint author), NIST, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM xiaohua.zhang@nist.gov; jack.douglas@nist.gov
RI Fredin, Nathaniel/B-2890-2010; Yager, Kevin/F-9804-2011
OI Yager, Kevin/0000-0001-7745-2513
FU National Institute of Standards and Technology (NISI); Natural Sciences
and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada; National Research
Council (NRC); U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of
Basic Energy Science [W-31-109-Eng-38]
FX This work was funded in part by the National Institute of Standards and
Technology (NISI) Office of Microelectronics Programs. K.G.Y.
acknowledges the support of Natural Sciences and Engineering Research
Council (NSERC) of Canada in the form of a Postdoctoral Fellowship.
N.J.F. acknowledges the support of the National Research Council
(NRC)-NIST Postdoctoral Fellowship Program. We also wish to thank Joseph
Strzalka for help with X-ray scattering measurements. Use of the
Advanced Photon Source was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy,
Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Science, under Contract No.
W-31-109-Eng-38.
NR 33
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 17
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1936-0851
J9 ACS NANO
JI ACS Nano
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 4
IS 7
BP 3653
EP 3660
DI 10.1021/nn9016586
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience &
Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 631RG
UT WOS:000280364800014
PM 20553019
ER
PT J
AU Luhmann, JG
Ledvina, SA
Odstrcil, D
Owens, MJ
Zhao, XP
Liu, Y
Riley, P
AF Luhmann, J. G.
Ledvina, S. A.
Odstrcil, D.
Owens, M. J.
Zhao, X. -P.
Liu, Yang
Riley, Pete
TI Cone model-based SEP event calculations for applications to multipoint
observations
SO ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Solar energetic particle events; Shock acceleration of particles; Space
weather
ID SOLAR-ENERGETIC PARTICLES; CORONAL MASS EJECTION; HYDROMAGNETIC WAVE
EXCITATION; INTERPLANETARY SHOCKS; MAGNETIC-FIELD; ION-ACCELERATION;
SPACE WEATHER; 1997 CME; WIND; SIMULATION
AB The problem of modeling solar energetic particle (SEP) events is important to both space weather research and forecasting, and yet it has seen relatively little progress. Most important SEP events are associated with coronal mass ejections (CMEs) that drive coronal and interplanetary shocks. These shocks can continuously produce accelerated particles from the ambient medium to well beyond I AU. This paper describes an effort to model real SEP events using a Center for Integrated Space weather Modeling (CISM) MHD solar wind simulation including a cone model of CMEs to initiate the related shocks. In addition to providing observation-inspired shock geometry and characteristics, this MHD simulation describes the time-dependent observer field line connections to the shock source. As a first approximation, we assume a shock jump-parameterized source strength and spectrum, and that scatter-free transport occurs outside of the shock source, thus emphasizing the role the shock evolution plays in determining the modeled SEP event profile. Three halo CME events on May 12, 1997, November 4, 1997 and December 13, 2006 are used to test the modeling approach. While challenges arise in the identification and characterization of the shocks in the MHD model results, this approach illustrates the importance to SEP event modeling of globally simulating the underlying heliospheric event. The results also suggest the potential utility of such a model for forcasting and for interpretation of separated multipoint measurements such as those expected from the STEREO mission. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of COSPAR.
C1 [Luhmann, J. G.; Ledvina, S. A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Odstrcil, D.] Univ Colorado, CIRES NOAA SEC, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Owens, M. J.] Boston Univ, Ctr Space Sci, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Zhao, X. -P.; Liu, Yang] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Riley, Pete] Sci Applicat Int Corp, San Diego, CA 92121 USA.
RP Luhmann, JG (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, 7 Gauss Way, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM jgluhman@ssl.berkeley.edu
RI Owens, Mathew/B-3006-2010;
OI Owens, Mathew/0000-0003-2061-2453; Ledvina, Stephen/0000-0002-2450-775X
FU NSF [ATM -0120950]
FX This work was supported by the NSF STC Program through grant ATM
-0120950 to Boston University (W.J. Hughes, PI) for CISM. We are
grateful to Erik Wilson at BU for enabling the computational efforts,
and to C.O. Lee, Yan Li, and D. Krauss-Varban at UCB for discussions
related to this project. The OMNI data base is generously provided and
maintained by Goddard Space Flight Center's National Space Science Data
Center, thanks to the cooperation and assistance of the many
contributing NASA mission investigators.
NR 61
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0273-1177
EI 1879-1948
J9 ADV SPACE RES
JI Adv. Space Res.
PD JUL 1
PY 2010
VL 46
IS 1
BP 1
EP 21
DI 10.1016/j.asr.2010.03.011
PG 21
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 616OK
UT WOS:000279218500001
ER
PT J
AU Eberhard, WL
AF Eberhard, Wynn L.
TI Comment: On the different approaches of Rayleigh optical depth
determination
SO ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE Rayleigh scattering; Optical depth; Depolarization factor
ID ROTATIONAL RAMAN-SCATTERING; FRAUNHOFER; GASES
AB Srivastava et al. (2009) presented Rayleigh scattering cross-sections and optical depths for Earth's atmosphere that are approximately 3% smaller than previously accepted. Their analysis was based on quantum-mechanical theory for anisotropic scattering in the Cabannes line published in papers that seem to have introduced some confusion about determining the anisotropy and King factors. This comment clarifies these factors and shows that including the frequency-shifted rotational Raman lines gives the traditional King factor and the correct Rayleigh scattering for the optical depth. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of COSPAR.
C1 NOAA, RICSD3, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Eberhard, WL (reprint author), NOAA, RICSD3, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM wynn.eberhard@noaa.gov
RI Eberhard, Wynn/B-5402-2015; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0273-1177
J9 ADV SPACE RES
JI Adv. Space Res.
PD JUL 1
PY 2010
VL 46
IS 1
BP 95
EP 98
DI 10.1016/j.asr.2010.02.028
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 616OK
UT WOS:000279218500011
ER
PT J
AU Bedner, M
Sander, LC
Sharpless, KE
AF Bedner, Mary
Sander, Lane C.
Sharpless, Katherine E.
TI An LC-ESI/MS method for determining theanine in green tea dietary
supplements
SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Theanine; Green tea; Camellia sinensis; Liquid chromatography; Mass
spectrometry; Standard Reference Material
ID ION-PAIRING REAGENTS; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; MASS SPECTROMETRY;
CAMELLIA-SINENSIS; PURINE ALKALOIDS; REVERSED-PHASE; CATECHINS; ACID
AB Theanine is the major amino acid present in Camellia sinensis or green tea. A method for determining theanine in its native state using liquid chromatography with positive-mode electrospray ionization mass spectrometric detection was developed. Quantitation of theanine was achieved using theanine-[(2)H(5)] as an internal standard. This approach was utilized on different green tea matrix materials that are commonly used as dietary supplements including powdered plant leaves, a powdered plant leaf extract, and an oral dosage form that contains green tea. The theanine response was linear over several orders of magnitude, and excellent measurement precision was obtained for all three materials using the developed method.
C1 [Bedner, Mary; Sander, Lane C.; Sharpless, Katherine E.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Bedner, M (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM mary.bedner@nist.gov
OI Sharpless, Katherine/0000-0001-6569-198X
NR 14
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 6
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1618-2642
J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 397
IS 5
BP 1773
EP 1777
DI 10.1007/s00216-010-3713-9
PG 5
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 611IY
UT WOS:000278810000019
PM 20422160
ER
PT J
AU Prendergast, JL
Sniegoski, LT
Welch, MJ
Phinney, KW
AF Prendergast, Jocelyn L.
Sniegoski, Lorna T.
Welch, Michael J.
Phinney, Karen W.
TI Modifications to the NIST reference measurement procedure (RMP) for the
determination of serum glucose by isotope dilution gas
chromatography/mass spectrometry
SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Glucose; Serum; Isotope dilution; Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry;
GC/MS
ID CANDIDATE DEFINITIVE METHOD; MASS-SPECTROMETRY
AB The definitive method (DM), now known as the reference measurement procedure (RMP), for the analysis of glucose in serum was originally published in 1982 by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Over the years the method has been subject to a number of modifications to adapt to newer technologies and simplify sample preparation. We discuss here an adaptation of the method associated with serum glucose measurements using a modified isotope dilution gas chromatography/ mass spectrometry (ID-GC/MS) method. NIST has used this modified method to certify the concentrations of glucose in SRM 965b, Glucose in Frozen Human Serum, and SRM 1950, Metabolites in Human Plasma. Comparison of results from the revised method with certified values for existing Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) demonstrated that these modifications have not affected the quality of the measurements, giving both good precision and accuracy, while reducing the sample preparation time by a day and a half.
C1 [Prendergast, Jocelyn L.; Sniegoski, Lorna T.; Welch, Michael J.; Phinney, Karen W.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Prendergast, JL (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM jocelyn.prendergast@nist.gov
NR 6
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 3
U2 8
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1618-2642
J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 397
IS 5
BP 1779
EP 1785
DI 10.1007/s00216-010-3710-z
PG 7
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 611IY
UT WOS:000278810000020
PM 20568655
ER
PT J
AU Lovestead, TM
Bruno, TJ
AF Lovestead, Tara M.
Bruno, Thomas J.
TI Trace Headspace Sampling for Quantitative Analysis of Explosives with
Cryoadsorption on Short Alumina Porous Layer Open Tubular Columns
SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID SUPERCRITICAL-FLUID EXTRACTION; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY;
LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; STATIONARY-PHASE; AIR; CHEMICALS; CLAY; GC; MS
AB Quantitative headspace (HS) measurements have been performed on the practical industrial and military plastic bonded explosives (PBX) tagged-C-4, Semtex-1A, Semtex-H, detonating cord (detcord), and sheet explosive (Detaflex). The measurements were made by a modified purge and trap technique developed in our laboratory on the basis of cryoadsorption on short alumina-coated porous layer open tubular (PLOT) columns. Trace compounds (of both high and low volatility) were identified and quantitated as a function of HS collection temperature. The data are presented in the form of van't Hoff equations. The linear relationship of the recovered mass as a function of inverse collection temperature reveals the predictive capabilities of the methodology employed here. Knowledge of the compounds that can be detected, along with the expected concentrations to be collected, can aid in detection of explosive materials. Additionally, these data can aid in the standardization, calibration, and certification of energetic material detection devices and can aid in the training of canines for explosive detection.
C1 [Lovestead, Tara M.; Bruno, Thomas J.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Thermophys Properties Div, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Bruno, TJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Thermophys Properties Div, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM bruno@boulder.nist.gov
FU Transportation Security Laboratory, Science, and Technology Directorate;
U.S. Department of Homeland Security [HSHQDC-07-X-00689]
FX The funding for this work was provided by the Transportation Security
Laboratory, Science, and Technology Directorate, U.S. Department of
Homeland Security (DHS-TSL, HSHQDC-07-X-00689). T.M.L. acknowledges a
Professional Research Experiences Program and a National Academy of
Sciences/National Research Council postdoctoral fellowship, both at
NIST.
NR 57
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 15
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0003-2700
J9 ANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Chem.
PD JUL 1
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 13
BP 5621
EP 5627
DI 10.1021/ac1005926
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 617AO
UT WOS:000279253300031
PM 20536184
ER
PT J
AU Liao, WL
Heo, GY
Dodder, NG
Pikuleva, IA
Turko, IV
AF Liao, Wei-Li
Heo, Gun-Young
Dodder, Nathan G.
Pikuleva, Irina A.
Turko, Illarion V.
TI Optimizing the Conditions of a Multiple Reaction Monitoring Assay for
Membrane Proteins: Quantification of Cytochrome P450 11A1 and
Adrenodoxin Reductase in Bovine Adrenal Cortex and Retina
SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID ABSOLUTE QUANTIFICATION; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CATALYTIC PROPERTIES;
PEPTIDE STANDARDS; ISOTOPE-DILUTION; EXPRESSION; PLASMA; NEUROSTEROIDS;
LOCALIZATION; PROTEOMICS
AB Approximately 30% of naturally occurring proteins are predicted to be embedded in biological membranes. Nevertheless, this group of proteins is traditionally understudied due to limitations of the available analytical tools. To facilitate the analysis of membrane proteins, the analytical methods for their soluble counterparts must be optimized or modified. Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) assays have proven successful for the absolute quantification of proteins and for profiling protein modifications in cell lysates and human plasma/serum but have found little application in the analysis of membrane proteins. We report on the optimization of sample preparation conditions for the quantification of two membrane proteins, cytochrome P450 11A1 (CYP11A1) and adrenodoxin reductase (AdR). These conditions can be used for the analysis of other membrane proteins. We have demonstrated that membrane proteins that are tightly associated with the membrane, such as CYP11A1, can be quantified in the total tissue membrane pellet obtained after high-speed centrifugation, whereas proteins that are weakly associated with the membrane, such as AdR, must be quantified in the whole tissue homogenate. We have compared quantifications of CYP11A1 using two different detergents, RapiGest SP and sodium cholate, and two different trypsins, sequencing grade modified trypsin and trypsin, type IX-S from porcine pancreas. The measured concentrations in these experiments were similar and encouraged the use of either combination of detergent/trypsin for quantification of other membrane proteins. Overall, the CYP11A1 and AdR quantified in this work ranged from 110 pmol to 10 fmol per milligram of tissue protein.
C1 [Liao, Wei-Li; Turko, Illarion V.] Univ Maryland, Inst Biotechnol, Ctr Adv Res Biotechnol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.
[Heo, Gun-Young; Pikuleva, Irina A.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
[Liao, Wei-Li; Dodder, Nathan G.; Turko, Illarion V.] NIST, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Turko, IV (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Inst Biotechnol, Ctr Adv Res Biotechnol, 9600 Gudelsky Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.
EM turko@umbi.umd.edu
RI Dodder, Nathan/C-7971-2015
OI Dodder, Nathan/0000-0001-5913-1767
FU National Institutes of Health [EY018383, AG024336]; Research to Prevent
Blindness Foundation
FX This work was supported in part by grants from the National Institutes
of Health (Grants EY018383 and AG024336 to I.A.P.). I.A.P is also a
recipient of the Jules and Doris Stein Professorship from the Research
to Prevent Blindness Foundation. Certain commercial materials,
instruments, and equipment are identified in this manuscript in order to
specify the experimental procedure as completely as possible. In no case
does such identification imply a recommendation or endorsement by the
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) nor does it imply
that the materials, instruments, or equipment identified is necessarily
the best available for the purpose.
NR 30
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 10
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0003-2700
J9 ANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Chem.
PD JUL 1
PY 2010
VL 82
IS 13
BP 5760
EP 5767
DI 10.1021/ac100811x
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 617AO
UT WOS:000279253300047
PM 20521825
ER
PT J
AU Grossman, E
Dietlein, C
Ala-Laurinaho, J
Leivo, M
Gronberg, L
Gronholm, M
Lappalainen, P
Rautiainen, A
Tamminen, A
Luukanen, A
AF Grossman, Erich
Dietlein, Charles
Ala-Laurinaho, Juha
Leivo, Mikko
Gronberg, Leif
Gronholm, Markus
Lappalainen, Petteri
Rautiainen, Anssi
Tamminen, Aleksi
Luukanen, Arttu
TI Passive terahertz camera for standoff security screening
SO APPLIED OPTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTROTHERMAL FEEDBACK; NOISE; MICROBOLOMETER; BOLOMETERS
AB We describe the construction and performance of a passive, real-time terahertz camera based on a modular, 64-element linear array of cryogenic hotspot microbolometers. A reflective conical scanner sweeps out a 2 m x 4 m(vertical x horizontal) field of view (FOV) at a standoff range of 8 m. The focal plane array is cooled to 4 K in a closed cycle refrigerator, and the signals are detected on free-standing bridges of superconducting Nb or NbN at the feeds of broadband planar spiral antennas. The NETD of the focal-plane array, referred to the target plane and to a frame rate of 5 s(-1), is 1.25 K near the center of the array and 2 K overall. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America
C1 [Grossman, Erich; Dietlein, Charles] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Optoelect, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Lappalainen, Petteri; Luukanen, Arttu] VTT Tech Res Ctr Finland, Millimetrewave Lab Finland Millilab, Espoo, Finland.
[Ala-Laurinaho, Juha; Tamminen, Aleksi] Aalto Univ, Millimetrewave Lab Finland Millilab, Espoo, Finland.
RP Grossman, E (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Optoelect, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM erich.grossman@nist.gov; arttu.luukanen@vtt.fi
RI Ala-Laurinaho, Juha/M-4538-2016
FU Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation (TEKES) [40306/07]
FX The authors at VTT acknowledge Panu Helisto and Heiki Seppa for useful
discussions. We are grateful to the DHS Science and Technology
Directorate and the DHS Standards Office for financial support for the
NIST component of this work and to the Finnish Funding Agency for
Technology and Innovation (TEKES, funding decision 40306/07) for support
of the VTT component.
NR 28
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 1
U2 14
PU OPTICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1559-128X
EI 2155-3165
J9 APPL OPTICS
JI Appl. Optics
PD JUL 1
PY 2010
VL 49
IS 19
BP E106
EP E120
DI 10.1364/AO.49.00E106
PG 15
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 619BO
UT WOS:000279403400013
PM 20648113
ER
PT J
AU De Felice, P
Hino, Y
Simpson, B
Svec, A
Woods, M
AF De Felice, Pierino
Hino, Yoshio
Simpson, Bruce
Svec, Anton
Woods, Mike
TI Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Radionuclide
Metrology and its Applications (ICRM 2009) Preface
SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [De Felice, Pierino] CR Casaccia, Agenzia Nazl Nuove Tecnol Energia & Losviluppo Ec, I-00100 Rome, Italy.
Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Reference Mat & Measurements, B-2440 Geel, Belgium.
Phys Tech Bundesanstalt, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany.
Lab Natl Henri Becquerel, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Hino, Yoshio] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Natl Metrol Inst Japan, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058568, Japan.
Bundesamt Eich & Vermessungswesen, A-1160 Vienna, Austria.
Jozef Stefan Inst, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Bur Int Poids & Mesures, F-92312 Sevres, France.
Inst Radioprotecao & Dosimetria, Lab Nacl Metrol Radiacoes Ionizantes, BR-22780160 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
[Woods, Mike] Ionizing Radiat Metrol Consultants Ltd, Teddington TW11 9PQ, Middx, England.
Natl Phys Lab, Teddington TW11 0LW, Middx, England.
[Svec, Anton] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Simpson, Bruce] Natl Metrol Inst S Africa, ZA-7700 Rondebosch, South Africa.
RP De Felice, P (reprint author), CR Casaccia, Agenzia Nazl Nuove Tecnol Energia & Losviluppo Ec, POB 2400, I-00100 Rome, Italy.
EM defelice@casaccia.enea.it; y.hino@aist.go.jp; BSimpson@nmisa.org;
svec@smu.gov.sk; mike.woods@blueyonder.co.uk
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 13
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0969-8043
J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES
JI Appl. Radiat. Isot.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2010
VL 68
IS 7-8
BP 1193
EP 1195
DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2010.01.016
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology,
Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA 615GX
UT WOS:000279123900001
ER
PT J
AU Zimmerman, BE
Palm, S
AF Zimmerman, B. E.
Palm, S.
TI Results of an international comparison of Co-57
SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 17th International Conference on Radionuclide Metrology and Its
Applications (ICRM 2009)
CY SEP 07-11, 2009
CL Slovak Inst Metrol, Bratislava, SLOVAKIA
HO Slovak Inst Metrol
ID EQUIVALENCE
AB As part of a Cooperative Research Project (CRP) aimed at improving the state of radioactivity measurement in nuclear medicine. the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) organized a comparison of Co-57 solutions among the participants of the project The comparison solutions were prepared from a single master stock solution and distributed to the participating laboratories, who measured the activity concentration of the solution using either the laboratory's radionuclide activity calibrator or primary standardization methods A total of 9 sets of results were received, with 5 laboratories reporting results of primary measurements, one reporting results of secondary measurements calibrated against primary standards, and three laboratories reporting values based on measurements in commercial re-entrant ionization chambers using manufacturer-recommended calibration figures Most of the laboratories reporting primary standardizations also provided results from secondary standardizations The Comparison Reference Value was calculated from the mean of the five primary standardizations and was found to be 35.54 MBqg(-1) with a standard deviation of the mean of 017 MBqg(-1) Degrees of equivalence were calculated for each reporting laboratory and demonstrated that equivalence to within about 4% could be achieved, even in the case of those laboratories that used instruments calibrated by third parties (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier Ltd
C1 [Zimmerman, B. E.] NIST, Phys Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Palm, S.] IAEA, Dosimetry & Med Radiat Phys Sect, A-1400 Vienna, Austria.
RP Zimmerman, BE (reprint author), NIST, Phys Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM bez@nist.gov
NR 13
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0969-8043
J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES
JI Appl. Radiat. Isot.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2010
VL 68
IS 7-8
BP 1217
EP 1220
DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2009.12.021
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology,
Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA 615GX
UT WOS:000279123900006
PM 20071188
ER
PT J
AU Volkovitsky, P
AF Volkovitsky, Peter
TI Absolute Ag-108(m) characterization based on gamma-gamma coincident
detection by two NaI(Tl) detectors
SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 17th International Conference on Radionuclide Metrology and Its
Applications (ICRM 2009)
CY SEP 07-11, 2009
CL Slovak Inst Metrol, Bratislava, SLOVAKIA
HO Slovak Inst Metrol
ID STANDARDIZATION; I-125; I125
AB A two-dimensional analysis of three coincident gamma-rays in Ag-108(m) decay, detected by two NaI(Tl) scintillation detectors, allows a direct measurement of the source activity A modification of the Eldridge-Crowther formulas derived originally for I-125 was done recently for the case of two coincident gamma-rays in Co-60 decay (Volkovitsky and Naudus, 2009) A similar approach is applied to a more complicated case of three coincident gamma-rays in the Ag-108(m) decay. The large number of experimental quantities, measured both in coincidence and anticoincidence modes, allows the determination of both detector efficiencies for all three gamma-ray photopeaks and to find the source activity Results are compared with measurements of the activity of the same source with HPGe detectors. Published by Elsevier Ltd
C1 NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Volkovitsky, P (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 11
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0969-8043
J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES
JI Appl. Radiat. Isot.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2010
VL 68
IS 7-8
BP 1286
EP 1291
DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2009.12.004
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology,
Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA 615GX
UT WOS:000279123900021
PM 20060308
ER
PT J
AU Fitzgerald, R
Colle, R
Laureano-Perez, L
Pibida, L
Hammond, MM
Nour, S
Zimmerman, BE
AF Fitzgerald, R.
Colle, R.
Laureano-Perez, L.
Pibida, L.
Hammond, M. M.
Nour, S.
Zimmerman, B. E.
TI A new primary standardization of Th-229
SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 17th International Conference on Radionuclide Metrology and Its
Applications (ICRM 2009)
CY SEP 07-11, 2009
CL Slovak Inst Metrol, Bratislava, SLOVAKIA
HO Slovak Inst Metrol
DE Th-229; Th-229; Thorium; Primary standard; Radiochronometry; Tracer;
Radioactivity; Mass spectrometry; Standard
ID GAMMA-RAYS; DAUGHTERS; PB-210; DECAY
AB The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has certified a high-purity Th-229 Standard Reference Material as SRM 4328C, based on live-timed 4 pi alpha beta-gamma anticoincidence counting (LTAC) of the equilibrium solution. The LTAC system was optimized to minimize the uncertainty in the result due to the two short-lived ground-states present in the decay chain Confirmatory measurements were carried out by four other methods. Furthermore, the present absolute activity and measured gamma-ray emission rates were combined to obtain gamma-ray emission probabilities. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Fitzgerald, R.; Colle, R.; Laureano-Perez, L.; Pibida, L.; Hammond, M. M.; Nour, S.; Zimmerman, B. E.] NIST, Phys Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Fitzgerald, R (reprint author), NIST, Phys Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RI Fitzgerald, Ryan/H-6132-2016
NR 23
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 4
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0969-8043
J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES
JI Appl. Radiat. Isot.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2010
VL 68
IS 7-8
BP 1303
EP 1308
DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2010.01.007
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology,
Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA 615GX
UT WOS:000279123900024
PM 20116268
ER
PT J
AU Bergeron, DE
Zimmerman, BE
Cessna, JT
AF Bergeron, Denis E.
Zimmerman, Brian E.
Cessna, Jeffrey T.
TI Development of secondary standards for Ra-223
SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 17th International Conference on Radionuclide Metrology and Its
Applications (ICRM 2009)
CY SEP 07-11, 2009
CL Slovak Inst Metrol, Bratislava, SLOVAKIA
HO Slovak Inst Metrol
DE Dose calibrator; Secondary standardization; Ionization chamber; Ra-223
ID DOSE CALIBRATOR SETTINGS; ALPHA-EMITTERS; THERAPY; RADIOIMMUNOTHERAPY;
NUCLIDES
AB Ra-223 is a bone-seeking alpha emitter currently being evaluated as a radiopharmaceutical. Concurrent with the primary standardization. NIST established that calibration factors currently used for radionuclide calibrators in the clinical setting give readings 5.7-8.7% higher than the NIST calibrated activity. This work describes the determination of calibration factors specific to dose vials and syringes. Using the calibration factors derived with standard ampoules to measure syringe activities can give readings up to 3.6% too high. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Bergeron, Denis E.; Zimmerman, Brian E.; Cessna, Jeffrey T.] NIST, Phys Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Bergeron, DE (reprint author), NIST, Phys Lab, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8462, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RI Bergeron, Denis/I-4332-2013
OI Bergeron, Denis/0000-0003-1150-7950
NR 15
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 6
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0969-8043
J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES
JI Appl. Radiat. Isot.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2010
VL 68
IS 7-8
BP 1367
EP 1370
DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2009.11.005
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology,
Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA 615GX
UT WOS:000279123900037
PM 20005730
ER
PT J
AU Olsovcova, V
Iwahara, A
Oropesa, P
Joseph, L
Ravindra, A
Ghafoori, M
Son, HK
Sahagia, M
Tastan, S
Zimmerman, B
AF Olsovcova, Veronika
Iwahara, Akira
Oropesa, Pilar
Joseph, Leena
Ravindra, Anuradha
Ghafoori, Mostafa
Son, Hye-Kyung
Sahagia, Maria
Tastan, Selma
Zimmerman, Brian
TI National comparison of I-131 measurement among nuclear medicine clinics
of eight countries
SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 17th International Conference on Radionuclide Metrology and Its
Applications (ICRM 2009)
CY SEP 07-11, 2009
CL Slovak Inst Metrol, Bratislava, SLOVAKIA
HO Slovak Inst Metrol
DE I-131; National comparison; Radioactivity; Radionuclide calibrator
AB A generally applicable protocol for organizing comparisons among nuclear medicine clinics created within the IAEA project CRP E2.10.05 was tested in Brazil. Cuba, Czech Republic, India, Iran, Republic of Korea, Romania and Turkey in 2007. Comparisons of measurement of I-131 were organized by local pilot laboratories with different backgrounds and levels of experience in this field. The results and experiences gained were compared and analyzed. A majority of results in each national comparison were within 10% of the reference value. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Olsovcova, Veronika] Czech Metrol Inst, Prague 10200 10, Czech Republic.
[Iwahara, Akira] Inst Radioprotecao & Dosimetria, Lab Nacl Metrol Radiocoes Ionizantes, BR-22780160 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
[Oropesa, Pilar] Ctr Isotopos, Guanabacoa, Habana, Cuba.
[Joseph, Leena; Ravindra, Anuradha] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Radiat Safety Syst Div, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India.
[Ghafoori, Mostafa] Nucl Sci & Technol Res Inst, AMIRS, SSDL, Aeoi, Karaj, Iran.
[Son, Hye-Kyung] Korea Food & Drug Adm, Natl Inst Food & Drug Safety Evaluat, Radiat Safety Div, Seoul 122704, South Korea.
[Sahagia, Maria] Hona Hulubei Natl Inst R&D Phys & Engn, Bucharest 077125, Romania.
[Tastan, Selma] Ankara Univ, Fac Med, Dept Nucl Med, TR-06100 Ankara, Turkey.
[Zimmerman, Brian] IAEA, Dosimetry & Med Radiat Phys Sect, A-1400 Vienna, Austria.
[Zimmerman, Brian] NIST, Ionizing Radiat Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Olsovcova, V (reprint author), Czech Metrol Inst, Radiova 1, Prague 10200 10, Czech Republic.
RI Olsovcova, Veronika/G-8405-2014
NR 14
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 9
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0969-8043
J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES
JI Appl. Radiat. Isot.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2010
VL 68
IS 7-8
BP 1371
EP 1377
DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2009.11.008
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology,
Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA 615GX
UT WOS:000279123900038
PM 20006521
ER
PT J
AU Zimmerman, BE
Altzitzoglou, T
Rodrigues, D
Broda, R
Cassette, P
Mo, L
Ratel, G
Simpson, B
van Wyngaardt, W
Watjen, C
AF Zimmerman, B. E.
Altzitzoglou, T.
Rodrigues, D.
Broda, R.
Cassette, P.
Mo, L.
Ratel, G.
Simpson, B.
van Wyngaardt, W.
Watjen, C.
TI Comparison of triple-to-double coincidence ratio (TDCR) efficiency
calculations and uncertainty assessments for Tc-99
SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 17th International Conference on Radionuclide Metrology and Its
Applications (ICRM 2009)
CY SEP 07-11, 2009
CL Slovak Inst Metrol, Bratislava, SLOVAKIA
HO Slovak Inst Metrol
DE Triple-to-double coincidence ratio method; Uncertainty assessment;
Technetium-99
ID PURE-BETA-EMITTERS; STANDARDIZATION; RADIONUCLIDES; PROGRAM; NI-63
AB A comparison exercise for data analysis was recently conducted by the Liquid Scintillation Counting Working Group (LSCWG) of the International Committee on Radionuclide Metrology (ICRM) to evaluate the uncertainties involved in applying different analysis methodologies (including computer programs) for the triple-to-double coincidence ratio (TDCR) method The goals of the comparison were to (1) study differences in calculation results from different TDCR analysis programs. (2) investigate differences in analysis techniques and uncertainty assessment philosophies between laboratories, and (3) study the effect of not taking asymmetry of photomultiplier tube (PMT) efficiencies into account on the calculated activity To achieve this, a single set of TDCR data for the pure beta emitter Tc-99, was distributed to the participants, who analyzed the data according to their normal procedures and report the activity concentration of the Tc-99 solution from their results. The results indicate that the presently used programs are generally able to calculate the same activity values, assuming that the correct input parameters are used and that not taking PMT asymmetry into account in the calculations can lead to significant (0.6% for Tc-99) errors in reported results The comparison also highlighted the need for a more rigorous approach to estimating and reporting uncertainties. Published by Elsevier Ltd
C1 [Zimmerman, B. E.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Phys Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Altzitzoglou, T.] European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Reference Mat & Measurements, B-2440 Geel, Belgium.
[Rodrigues, D.] Comis Nacl Energia Atom, Lab Metrol Radioisotopos, RA-1429 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
[Broda, R.] Radioisotope Ctr POLATOM, Inst Atom Energy, Otwock, Poland.
[Cassette, P.] CEA Saclay, LNE Lab Natl Henri Becquerel, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Mo, L.] Australian Nucl Sci & Technol Org, Menai, NSW 2234, Australia.
[Ratel, G.] BIPM, Sevres, France.
[Simpson, B.; van Wyngaardt, W.] Natl Metrol Inst S Africa, Cape Town, South Africa.
[Watjen, C.] Natl Inst R&D Phys & Nucl Engn Horia Hulubei, Magurele, Romania.
RP Zimmerman, BE (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Phys Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
OI Cassette, Philippe/0000-0001-5254-9183
NR 17
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 7
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0969-8043
J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES
JI Appl. Radiat. Isot.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2010
VL 68
IS 7-8
BP 1477
EP 1481
DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2009.11.046
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology,
Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA 615GX
UT WOS:000279123900061
PM 20022757
ER
PT J
AU Laureano-Perez, L
Colle, R
Fitzgerald, R
Zimmerman, BE
Cumberland, L
AF Laureano-Perez, L.
Colle, R.
Fitzgerald, R.
Zimmerman, B. E.
Cumberland, L.
TI Investigation into the standardization of Tc-99
SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 17th International Conference on Radionuclide Metrology and Its
Applications (ICRM 2009)
CY SEP 07-11, 2009
CL Slovak Inst Metrol, Bratislava, SLOVAKIA
HO Slovak Inst Metrol
DE Anti-coincidence counting; Beta counting; CIEMAT/NIST method; Efficiency
tracing; Liquid scintillation (LS); Radioactivity; SRM; Standards;
Technetium-99
ID MASSIC ACTIVITY; CALIBRATION; RADIONUCLIDES; EFFICIENCY; DETECTORS
AB The standardization of Tc-99 by several primary methods was investigated. This was performed to support a new Tc-99 transfer standard that has been developed and will be disseminated by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) as Standard Reference Material SRM 4288B. The standardization for the Tc-99 content of the solution was based on 4 pi beta liquid scintillation (LS) measurements with H-3-standard efficiency tracing (CIEMAT/NIST method). Confirmatory determinations were performed by 4 pi beta(LS)-gamma(NaI) live-timed anti-coincidence (LTAC) counting and an LS-based 4 pi beta triple-to-double coincidence ratio (TDCR) method. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Laureano-Perez, L.; Colle, R.; Fitzgerald, R.; Zimmerman, B. E.; Cumberland, L.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Phys Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Laureano-Perez, L (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Phys Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RI Fitzgerald, Ryan/H-6132-2016
NR 25
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 6
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0969-8043
J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES
JI Appl. Radiat. Isot.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2010
VL 68
IS 7-8
BP 1489
EP 1494
DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2009.11.049
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology,
Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA 615GX
UT WOS:000279123900063
PM 20060309
ER
PT J
AU Fitzgerald, R
AF Fitzgerald, R.
TI An automated ionization chamber for secondary radioactivity standards
SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 17th International Conference on Radionuclide Metrology and Its
Applications (ICRM 2009)
CY SEP 07-11, 2009
CL Slovak Inst Metrol, Bratislava, SLOVAKIA
HO Slovak Inst Metrol
DE Ionization chamber; Radioactivity
AB I report on the operation and characterization of a new ionization chamber system. "AUTOIC", featuring a commercial digital electrometer and a commercial robotic sample changer The relative accuracy of the electrometer was improved significantly beyond the manufacturer's specifications through an in-house calibration of the various ranges, applied via software The measurement precision and repeatability of the system have been determined by measuring multiple samples of the same radionuclide over the span of two or three years The linearity of the system was examined by following the decay of (99m)Tc, (99)Mo and (133)Xe sources for up to 19 half-lives and determining half-life values All of these values agree with the accepted literature values, within their combined uncertainties. Published by Elsevier Ltd
C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Phys Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Fitzgerald, R (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Phys Lab, 100 Bur Dr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RI Fitzgerald, Ryan/H-6132-2016
NR 9
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0969-8043
J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES
JI Appl. Radiat. Isot.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2010
VL 68
IS 7-8
BP 1507
EP 1509
DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2009.12.008
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology,
Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA 615GX
UT WOS:000279123900066
PM 20031425
ER
PT J
AU Cessna, JT
Zimmerman, BE
AF Cessna, J. T.
Zimmerman, B. E.
TI Standardization of radium-223 by liquid scintillation counting
SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 17th International Conference on Radionuclide Metrology and Its
Applications (ICRM 2009)
CY SEP 07-11, 2009
CL Slovak Inst Metrol, Bratislava, SLOVAKIA
HO Slovak Inst Metrol
DE Liquid scintillation counting; (223)Ra; CIEMAT/NIST method
AB Liquid scintillation (LS) counting was undertaken as part of the primary standardization of (223)Ra Radium-223 decays with a half life of 11 43 d through a chain of shorter-lived daughter radionuclides, resulting in five alpha decays and three beta decays The CIEMAT/NIST method of tritium efficiency tracing was employed, with the beta efficiencies being calculated using the program CN2004, developed by the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) The total calculated LS efficiency, considering all daughter radionuclides, was approximately 598% Separate experiments were performed to rule out loss of the 3 96s (219)Ra daughter from the cocktail and possible counting loss of the 1 78 ms (215)Po daughter due to LS counter dead-time No loss was observed in either experiment In the final experiment an expanded uncertainty (k=2) of 0 55% was achieved. Results were in excellent agreement with confirmatory measurements performed by 2 pi alpha proportional counting However, results are not in agreement with methods based on gamma ray measurements Published by Elsevier Ltd
C1 [Cessna, J. T.; Zimmerman, B. E.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Phys Lab, Ionizing Radiat Div, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Cessna, JT (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Phys Lab, Ionizing Radiat Div, 100 Bur Dr,MS 8462, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 15
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 4
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0969-8043
J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES
JI Appl. Radiat. Isot.
PD JUL-AUG
PY 2010
VL 68
IS 7-8
BP 1523
EP 1528
DI 10.1016/j.apradiso.2009.11.068
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology,
Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine &
Medical Imaging
GA 615GX
UT WOS:000279123900070
PM 20097568
ER
PT J
AU Perri, MJ
Lim, YB
Seitzinger, SP
Turpin, BJ
AF Perri, Mark J.
Lim, Yong B.
Seitzinger, Sybil P.
Turpin, Barbara J.
TI Organosulfates from glycolaldehyde in aqueous aerosols and clouds:
Laboratory studies
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Secondary organic aerosol; Organosulfate; Cloud processing;
Glycolaldehyde; Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass
spectrometry
ID SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL; SULFURIC-ACID; TROPOSPHERIC AEROSOLS;
ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS; SULFATE ESTERS; ISOPRENE; PHOTOOXIDATION;
OZONOLYSIS; MECHANISM; OXIDATION
AB Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation is enhanced on acidic seed particles; SOA also forms during cloud processing reactions where acidic sulfate is prevalent. Recently several studies have focused on the identification of organosulfates in atmospheric aerosols or smog chamber experiments, and upon the mechanism of formation for these products. We identify several organosulfate products formed during the laboratory OH radical oxidation of dilute aqueous glycolaldehyde in the presence of sulfuric acid. We propose a radical-radical reaction mechanism as being consistent with formation of these products under our experimental conditions. Using a kinetics model we estimate that organosulfates account for less than 1% of organic matter formed from these precursors during cloud processing. However, in wet acidic aerosols, where precursors are highly concentrated and acidic sulfate makes up close to half of the aerosol mass, this radical-radical reaction could account for significant organosulfate production. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Perri, Mark J.] Sonoma State Univ, Dept Chem, Rohnert Pk, CA 94928 USA.
[Lim, Yong B.; Turpin, Barbara J.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Environm Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[Seitzinger, Sybil P.] Rutgers State Univ, Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, Rutgers NOAA CMER Program, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
RP Perri, MJ (reprint author), Sonoma State Univ, Dept Chem, 1801 E Cotati Ave, Rohnert Pk, CA 94928 USA.
EM mark.perri@sonoma.edu
RI Perri, Mark/E-9176-2010; Turpin, Barbara /D-8346-2012; Lim,
Yong/A-5310-2013
OI Lim, Yong/0000-0001-5000-5991
FU US Department of Commerce's National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA) [NA07OAR4310279]; National Science Foundation
[ATM-0630298, OCE-0619608]; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
FX This research was supported, in part, by grants from the US Department
of Commerce's National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
(NA07OAR4310279) and the National Science Foundation (ATM-0630298). The
authors acknowledge Dr Melissa Soule and Dr Elizabeth Kujawinski and the
funding sources of the WHOI FT-MS Users' Facility (National Science
Foundation OCE-0619608 and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation). MJP
thanks Katye Altieri, Ron Lauck, and Yi Tan for invaluable discussions
and laboratory assistance.
NR 50
TC 55
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U1 7
U2 75
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 44
IS 21-22
BP 2658
EP 2664
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.03.031
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 622GD
UT WOS:000279648400018
ER
PT J
AU Wang, Y
Shen, XY
Li, XF
AF Wang, Yi
Shen, Xinyong
Li, Xiaofan
TI Microphysical and radiative effects of ice clouds on responses of
rainfall to the large-scale forcing during pre-summer heavy rainfall
over southern China
SO ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Cloud-resolving model simulation; Microphysical and radiative effects of
ice clouds; Convective and stratiform rainfall
ID DEEP CONVECTIVE REGIME; TROPICAL SQUALL-LINE; NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS;
MICROSCALE STRUCTURE; EQUILIBRIUM STATES; FRONTAL RAINBANDS; MODEL;
ORGANIZATION; WATER; PARAMETERIZATION
AB Ice clouds are an important part of precipitation systems and their microphysical and radiative effects may significantly impact rainfall simulations. This study investigates these effects using a two-dimensional cloud-resolving model simulation of a pre-summer heavy rainfall event over southern China from 3-8 June 2008, forced with NCEP/GDAS data. The microphysical and radiative effects of ice clouds on rainfall responses to the large-scale forcing during pre-summer heavy rainfall over southern China are analyzed by comparing the control experiment and two sensitivity experiments with the exclusion of ice radiative effects and with the total exclusion of ice microphysics (the exclusion of both ice radiative and microphysical effects), respectively. During the development phase, the total exclusion of ice microphysics decreased the model domain mean surface rain rate primarily by suppressing the convective rain rate through the exclusion of ice radiative effects on 4 June 2008 and by reducing the stratiform rain rate through the exclusion of ice microphysical effects on 5 June. During the peak phase on 6 June, the mean rain rate significantly increased from the previous day. The reduction in the mean rain rate by the total exclusion of ice microphysics continued from the previous day due to the continuous decrease in the stratiform rain rate caused by the exclusion of ice microphysical effects. During the decay phase on 7 June, the total exclusion of ice microphysics increased the mean rain rate by enhancing convective rainfall through the exclusion of ice microphysical effects. These results indicate that the microphysical and radiative effects of ice clouds play equally important roles in pre-summer heavy rainfall events. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wang, Yi; Shen, Xinyong] Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Minist Educ, Key Lab Meteorol Disaster, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
[Shen, Xinyong] Univ Maryland, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Li, Xiaofan] NOAA NESDIS Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, Camp Springs, MD USA.
RP Wang, Y (reprint author), Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Minist Educ, Key Lab Meteorol Disaster, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
EM mickey_wy86@163.com
RI Li, Xiaofan/F-5605-2010; Li, Xiaofan/G-2094-2014
FU National Key Basic Research and Development Project of China
[2009CB421503, 2004CB418301]; National Natural Science Foundation of
China [40775033]; Chinese Special Scientific Research Project for Public
Interest [GYHY200806009]
FX The authors thank Dr. W.-K. Tao at NASA/GSFC for his cloud-resolving
model and three anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments.
This study is supported by the National Key Basic Research and
Development Project of China under Grant no. 2009CB421503 and no.
2004CB418301, the National Natural Science Foundation of China under
Grant no. 40775033, and the Chinese Special Scientific Research Project
for Public Interest under Grant no. GYHY200806009.
NR 44
TC 25
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0169-8095
J9 ATMOS RES
JI Atmos. Res.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 97
IS 1-2
BP 35
EP 46
DI 10.1016/j.atmosres.2010.03.005
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 627BS
UT WOS:000280013700004
ER
PT J
AU Setvak, M
Lindsey, DT
Novak, P
Wang, PK
Radova, M
Kerkmann, J
Grasso, L
Su, SH
Rabin, RM
St'astka, J
Charvat, Z
AF Setvak, Martin
Lindsey, Daniel T.
Novak, Petr
Wang, Pao K.
Radova, Michaela
Kerkmann, Jochen
Grasso, Louie
Su, Shih-Hao
Rabin, Robert M.
St'astka, Jindrich
Charvat, Zdenek
TI Satellite-observed cold-ring-shaped features atop deep convective clouds
SO ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Convective storm; Storm top; Cloud top height; Cold-ring shape; Cold-U
shape; Enhanced-V feature; Overshooting top; Lower stratosphere;
Meteosat second generation
ID 3-DIMENSIONAL NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; OKLAHOMA TORNADIC STORMS;
UPPER-LEVEL STRUCTURE; TOP STRUCTURE; THUNDERSTORM ANVILS; ENHANCED-V;
SYSTEM; MICROPHYSICS; TRANSPORT; DYNAMICS
AB This paper focuses on deep convective storms which exhibit a distinct long-lived cold ring at their cloud top, as observed in enhanced infrared (IR) window satellite imagery. The feature seems to be closely linked to a similar phenomenon, cold-U/V (enhanced-V) shape, or in general to storms which exhibit an enclosed warm spot or larger warm area downwind of the overshooting tops, surrounded by colder parts of the storm anvil. While storms exhibiting some form of warm spots seem to be quite common, storms exhibiting distinct cold rings or cold-U/Vs are significantly less frequent. The cold-ring feature is described here for storms which occurred above the Czech Republic and Austria on 25 June 2006. Compared to other cold-ring-shaped storms, this case was extraordinary not only by the magnitude and duration of the cold ring and its central warm spot, but also by storm cloud-top heights, reaching 16-17 km, as determined from ground-based C-band radar observations. The paper also addresses a possible link between cold-ring-shaped storms with those exhibiting a cold-U/V (enhanced-V) feature, indicating (based on model results) that the stratification and wind shear just above the tropopause are key conditions for the cold-ring to exist. The case from 25 June 2006 also shows that the cloud top height, derived from satellite radiances, has significant error when applied to this particular type of storm. Finally, we discuss the potential of the satellite-observed cold-ring feature as an indicator of storm severity. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Setvak, Martin; Novak, Petr; Radova, Michaela; St'astka, Jindrich; Charvat, Zdenek] CHMI, CZ-14306 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
[Lindsey, Daniel T.; Grasso, Louie] CIRA CSU, NOAA NESDIS RAMMB, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Radova, Michaela] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Atmospher Phys, CZ-14131 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
[Kerkmann, Jochen] EUMETSAT, D-64295 Darmstadt, Germany.
[Rabin, Robert M.] NOAA, Natl Severe Storms Lab, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Rabin, Robert M.] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Space Sci & Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Radova, Michaela; St'astka, Jindrich] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, Prague 8, Czech Republic.
RP Setvak, M (reprint author), CHMI, Na Sabatce 17, CZ-14306 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
EM setvak@chmi.cz
RI Lindsey, Dan/F-5607-2010
OI Lindsey, Dan/0000-0002-0967-5683
FU Grant Agency of the Czech Republic [205/07/0905]; Czech Republic
Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport [ME09033]; U.S. NSF [ATM-0729898]
FX Parts of this research were carried out under support of the Grant
Agency of the Czech Republic, project 205/07/0905, the Czech Republic
Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport grant ME09033, and the U.S. NSF
grant ATM-0729898. The authors also wish to acknowledge the VCS Space
for their software support to this research. The views, opinions, and
findings in this report are those of the authors, and should not be
construed as an official CHMI, NOAA and or U.S. Government position,
policy, or decision.
NR 37
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0169-8095
J9 ATMOS RES
JI Atmos. Res.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 97
IS 1-2
BP 80
EP 96
DI 10.1016/j.atmosres.2010.03.009
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 627BS
UT WOS:000280013700007
ER
PT J
AU Wang, CZ
Liu, HL
Lee, SK
AF Wang, Chunzai
Liu, Hailong
Lee, Sang-Ki
TI The record-breaking cold temperatures during the winter of 2009/2010 in
the Northern Hemisphere
SO ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE North Atlantic Oscillation; Pacific Decadal Oscillation; Atlantic
Multidecadal Oscillation
ID ATLANTIC OSCILLATION; CLIMATE OSCILLATION; ARCTIC OSCILLATION;
VARIABILITY; SIGNATURE; IMPACTS; MODE
AB In this study, we show that the record-breaking cold temperatures from North America to Europe and Asia during the period of 28 December 2009 to 13 January 2010 are associated with extremely negative values of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index, which produce northerly surface wind anomalies and cause the southward advection of the cold Arctic air. Corresponded to longer-term variations of Pacific and Atlantic Sea Surface Temperatures (SSTs), the downward trend of the NAO has occurred since the early 1990s. It is speculated that if the downward trend of the NAO continues, more frequent cold outbreaks and heavy snow are likely in the coming years. Published 2010 by John Wiley and Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Wang, Chunzai; Liu, Hailong; Lee, Sang-Ki] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Phys Oceanog Div, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Liu, Hailong; Lee, Sang-Ki] Univ Miami, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL USA.
RP Wang, CZ (reprint author), NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Phys Oceanog Div, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM chunzai.wang@noaa.gov
RI Lee, Sang-Ki/A-5703-2011; Wang, Chunzai /C-9712-2009
OI Lee, Sang-Ki/0000-0002-4047-3545; Wang, Chunzai /0000-0002-7611-0308
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Climate Program
Office; NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML)
FX We thank three anonymous reviewers, Da-Lin Zhang, Brian Mapes and Mojib
Latif for their comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Climate Program
Office and the base funding of NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and
Meteorological Laboratory (AOML). The findings and conclusions in this
report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the
views of the funding agency.
NR 19
TC 68
Z9 71
U1 2
U2 16
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1530-261X
J9 ATMOS SCI LETT
JI Atmos. Sci. Lett.
PD JUL-SEP
PY 2010
VL 11
IS 3
BP 161
EP 168
DI 10.1002/asl.278
PG 8
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 678BQ
UT WOS:000284043600001
ER
PT J
AU Paul, CJM
Felthoven, RG
Torres, MD
AF Paul, Catherine J. Morrison
Felthoven, Ronald G.
Torres, Marcelo de O.
TI Productive performance in fisheries: modeling, measurement, and
management
SO AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND RESOURCE ECONOMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE fisheries; performance measurement; production economics
ID DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS; COMMON-PROPERTY RESOURCE; STOCHASTIC DEA
MODELS; CAPACITY UTILIZATION; TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY; TRAWL FISHERY;
PRODUCTION FRONTIER; GROUNDFISH FISHERY; REGULATED FISHERY; POOL
RESOURCE
AB We overview the roles of production structure models in measuring fisheries' productive performance to provide policy-relevant guidance for fishery managers and analysts. In particular, we summarize the literature on the representation and estimation of production structure models to construct productive performance measures for fisheries, with a focus on parametric empirical applications and on the management implications of these kinds of measures.
C1 [Paul, Catherine J. Morrison] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Paul, Catherine J. Morrison] Univ Calif Davis, Giannini Fdn, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Felthoven, Ronald G.] US Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA USA.
[Torres, Marcelo de O.] Univ Catolica Brasilia, Dept Econ, Brasilia, DF, Brazil.
RP Paul, CJM (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM cjmpaul@primal.ucdavis.edu
NR 76
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 6
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1364-985X
J9 AUST J AGR RESOUR EC
JI Aust. J. Agr. Resour. Econ.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 54
IS 3
BP 343
EP 360
DI 10.1111/j.1467-8489.2010.00496.x
PG 18
WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics
SC Agriculture; Business & Economics
GA 631RE
UT WOS:000280364600006
ER
PT J
AU Zhulidov, AV
Kozhara, AV
Scherbina, GH
Nalepa, TF
Protasov, A
Afanasiev, SA
Pryanichnikova, EG
Zhulidov, DA
Gurtovaya, TY
Pavlov, DF
AF Zhulidov, A. V.
Kozhara, A. V.
Scherbina, G. H.
Nalepa, T. F.
Protasov, A.
Afanasiev, S. A.
Pryanichnikova, E. G.
Zhulidov, D. A.
Gurtovaya, T. Yu.
Pavlov, D. F.
TI Invasion history, distribution, and relative abundances of Dreissena
bugensis in the old world: a synthesis of data
SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Dreissenids; Invasive species; Quagga mussel; Zebra mussel; Relative
abundance; Range expansion; Russia; Ukraine
ID LAURENTIAN GREAT-LAKES; DON RIVER SYSTEM; ROSTRIFORMIS-BUGENSIS; QUAGGA
MUSSEL; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; COMPARATIVE GROWTH; RANGE EXPANSION; VOLGA
RIVER; SEA BASIN; POLYMORPHA
AB We examined trends in expansion patterns and relative abundances of Dreissena bugensis in reservoirs and major river systems in eastern Europe. Based on our own data and data from the literature, it is apparent that trends were variable across river basins and not easily related to environmental conditions. In some cases these did not conform to the patterns typically found for dreissenids. In the early period of expansion beyond its native range in the Dnieper-Bug delta and estuary, D. bugensis rapidly replaced Dreissena polymorpha in the upper Dnieper River system, but increased only gradually and over time became less abundant relative to D. polymorpha in the Don-Manych River system. Contrary to the Dnieper and Don River systems, in the Volga River system considerable spatial variability in relative abundances was apparent, particularly in northern reservoirs. Moreover, even though D. bugensis usually displaces D. polymorpha as the dominant dreissenid, the latter can remain dominant in certain types of habitats where conditions are less favourable for the former. Suggested factors that may be responsible for differences in invasion patterns in the river systems may include differential responses to temperature, or to some other factor(s) associated with geographical latitude, the level of water mineralization, and selective predation by molluscivorous fish. In particular, the northward expansion of D. bugensis seems to be limited by temperature. The lack of long-term data on appropriate scales precludes linking these differences to specific features within the environment, but our comparisons indicate that the expansion of D. bugensis relative to D. polymorpha is more complex than previously believed.
C1 [Nalepa, T. F.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[Zhulidov, A. V.; Zhulidov, D. A.; Gurtovaya, T. Yu.] S Russian Reg Ctr Preparat & Implementat Int Proj, Rostov Na Donu 344090, Russia.
[Kozhara, A. V.; Scherbina, G. H.; Pryanichnikova, E. G.; Pavlov, D. F.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Biol Inland Waters, Borok 152742, Yaroslavl Oblas, Russia.
[Protasov, A.; Afanasiev, S. A.] Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Hydrobiol 1, UA-04210 Kiev, Ukraine.
RP Nalepa, TF (reprint author), NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, 4840 S State Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
EM Thomas.Nalepa@noaa.gov
RI Pavlov, Dmitry/Q-5410-2016; Shcherbina, Georgiy/P-1845-2015;
Pryanichnikova, Ekaterina/A-6806-2017
OI Pavlov, Dmitry/0000-0003-1851-2605; Pryanichnikova,
Ekaterina/0000-0002-8549-8252
FU Russian Federation Environmental Management [19962000]; British
Department for International Development [2001-2002]; South Russian
Regional Centre for Preparation and Implementation of International
Projects (CPPI-S), Rostov-on-Don, Russia [2003-2008]; EU [R20, R21]
FX This work was carried out under the Russian Federation Environmental
Management Project (North Caucasus water management and protection
sub-component under the World Bank loan to the Russian Federation,
19962000) and the Rostov Strategic Plan for Sewerage and Water Supply,
financed by the British Department for International Development,
2001-2002. The South Russian Regional Centre for Preparation and
Implementation of International Projects (CPPI-S), Rostov-on-Don, Russia
provided partial funding, 2003-2008. As from 2006 the work was carried
out under the EU project R20; Water Scenarios for Europe and for
Neighbouring States R21; ("SCENES") (PRIORITY 6.3 GLOBAL CHANGE AND
ECOSYSTEMS). We thank Dr. G. Podtopta, Rostov-on-Don, Russia for help in
preparing the maps.
NR 55
TC 24
Z9 25
U1 2
U2 30
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1387-3547
EI 1573-1464
J9 BIOL INVASIONS
JI Biol. Invasions
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 12
IS 7
BP 1923
EP 1940
DI 10.1007/s10530-009-9641-y
PG 18
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 612KS
UT WOS:000278897800002
ER
PT J
AU Chatterjee, K
Lin-Gibson, S
Wallace, WE
Parekh, SH
Lee, YJ
Cicerone, MT
Young, MF
Simon, CG
AF Chatterjee, Kaushik
Lin-Gibson, Sheng
Wallace, William E.
Parekh, Sapun H.
Lee, Young Jong
Cicerone, Marcus T.
Young, Marian F.
Simon, Carl G., Jr.
TI The effect of 3D hydrogel scaffold modulus on osteoblast differentiation
and mineralization revealed by combinatorial screening
SO BIOMATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Tissue engineering; Hydrogels; Osteoblast; Combinatorial methods; Matrix
stiffness; Graded tissues
ID CELL-INTERACTIONS; MC3T3-E1 CELLS; STEM-CELLS; GRADIENTS; BIOMATERIALS;
EXPRESSION; SPECTROSCOPY; INTERFACE; LIBRARIES; SURFACES
AB Cells are known to sense and respond to the physical properties of their environment and those of tissue scaffolds. Optimizing these cell material interactions is critical in tissue engineering. In this work, a simple and inexpensive combinatorial platform was developed to rapidly screen three-dimensional (3D) tissue scaffolds and was applied to screen the effect of scaffold properties for tissue engineering of bone. Differentiation of osteoblasts was examined in poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogel gradients spanning a 30-fold range in compressive modulus (approximate to 10 kPa to approximate to 300 kPa). Results demonstrate that material properties (gel stiffness) of scaffolds can be leveraged to induce cell differentiation in 3D culture as an alternative to biochemical cues such as soluble supplements, immobilized biomolecules and vectors, which are often expensive, labile and potentially carcinogenic. Gel moduli of approximate to 225 kPa and higher enhanced osteogenesis. Furthermore, it is proposed that material-induced cell differentiation can be modulated to engineer seamless tissue interfaces between mineralized bone tissue and softer tissues such as ligaments and tendons. This work presents a combinatorial method to screen biological response to 3D hydrogel scaffolds that more closely mimics the 3D environment experienced by cells in vivo. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Chatterjee, Kaushik; Lin-Gibson, Sheng; Wallace, William E.; Parekh, Sapun H.; Lee, Young Jong; Cicerone, Marcus T.; Simon, Carl G., Jr.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Chatterjee, Kaushik; Young, Marian F.] Natl Inst Dent & Craniofacial Res, Craniofacial & Skeletal Dis Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA.
RP Simon, CG (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Div Polymers, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM carl.simon@nist.gov
RI Lee, Young Jong/B-7129-2008
OI Lee, Young Jong/0000-0001-7754-3001
FU National Research Council of the National Academy of Sciences; NIST,
NIH/NIBIB [R21 EB006497-01]; Intramural Program of the NIH/NIDCR
(National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research)
FX Authors gratefully acknowledge technical assistance from Kathy Flynn
(NIST) and Ed Parry (ADA-NIST) and insightful discussions with Kathryn
L. Beers (NIST). This research was performed while K.C. and S.H.P. held
Research Associateship Awards from the National Research Council of the
National Academy of Sciences in the Joint NIH-NIBIB/NIST and the NIST
Postdoctoral Programs, respectively (National Institutes of
Health-National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and
Bioengineering/National Institute of Standards and Technology). This
work was supported by NIST, NIH/NIBIB R21 EB006497-01 and the Intramural
Program of the NIH/NIDCR (National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial
Research). The "standard deviation" (S.D.) is the same as the "combined
standard uncertainty of the mean" for the purposes of this work. The
content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not
necessarily represent the official views of NIH, NIBIB, NIDCR or NIST.
This article, a contribution of NIST, is not subject to US copyright.
Certain equipment and instruments or materials are identified in the
paper to adequately specify the experimental details. Such
identification does not imply recommendation by NIST, nor does it imply
the materials are necessarily the best available for the purpose.
NR 45
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U2 70
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0142-9612
J9 BIOMATERIALS
JI Biomaterials
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 31
IS 19
BP 5051
EP 5062
DI 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.03.024
PG 12
WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials
SC Engineering; Materials Science
GA 606YW
UT WOS:000278466100002
PM 20378163
ER
PT J
AU Shepard, KE
Patterson, WF
DeVries, DA
Ortiz, M
AF Shepard, Katherine E.
Patterson, William F., III
DeVries, Douglas A.
Ortiz, Mauricio
TI CONTEMPORARY VERSUS HISTORICAL ESTIMATES OF KING MACKEREL (SCOMBEROMORUS
CAVALLA) AGE AND GROWTH IN THE US ATLANTIC OCEAN AND GULF OF MEXICO
SO BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; PAGRUS-PAGRUS; RED PORGY;
LUTJANUS-CAMPECHANUS; VERMILION SNAPPER; GEAR SELECTIVITY; FISH
POPULATIONS; MORTALITY; PARAMETERS; FISHERIES
AB King mackerel, Scomberomorus cavalla (Cuvier, 1829), is an economically important coastal pelagic fish in United States waters of the Atlantic Ocean (Atlantic) and Gulf of Mexico (GUM). In this study, von Bertalanffy growth functions (VBGFs) were fitted to size-at-age data collected from eastern GOM (n = 1447) and Atlantic (n = 869) populations in the summers of 2006 and 2007 from fishery-dependent and fishery-independent sources (GOM females: L(infinity) = 124.5 cm, k = 0.256, t(0) = -0.173 yr; GOM males: L(infinity) = 92.2 cm, k = 0.353, t(0) = -0.166 yr; Atlantic female: L(infinity) = 111.6 cm, k = 0.464, t(0) = 0.506 yr; Atlantic males: L(infinity) = 98.9 cm, k = 0.510, t(0) = 0.502 yr). Results from likelihood ratio tests indicated contemporary VBGFs were significantly different between sexes and populations. Differences in growth between contemporary and historic samples were tested in two ways. First, results from likelihood ratio tests indicated a significant time effect among VBGFs fit to fishery-dependent samples from three time periods (1977-79, 1986-92, and 2006-07). Second, results from analysis of variance indicated sex-specific differences existed in size-at-age for ages 2-10 between contemporary and historic data. The GOM population, which has experienced an estimated 2.5-fold increase in spawning stock biomass (SSB) since the early 1990s, displayed a decline in size-at-age for ages 2-7, while the Atlantic population, which has experienced an approximately 45% decline in estimated spawning stock biomass (SSB) over the same time period, displayed an increase in size-at-age for ages 4-10. These trends are most likely due to density-dependent responses to changes in population size.
C1 [Shepard, Katherine E.; Patterson, William F., III] Univ W Florida, Pensacola, FL 32514 USA.
[DeVries, Douglas A.; Ortiz, Mauricio] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Panama City Lab, NOAA, Panama City, FL 32408 USA.
[Ortiz, Mauricio] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Shepard, KE (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, Energy Coast & Environm Bldg, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
EM kshepa3@tigers.lsu.edu
FU National Marine Fisheries Service [NA06NMF4540060]
FX We would like to thank the National Marine Fisheries Service Cooperative
Research Program for funding (Grant # NA06NMF4540060 to WFP); Captains
B. Hartig and J. Thierry for collecting samples in the U.S. south
Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico; D. Addis, B. Walling, and S. Garner
for collecting summer samples off northwest Florida; A. Hamilton, W.
Ingram, and K. Johnson for sampling undersized fish onboard NOAA
Fisheries resource surveys; the numerous seafood dealers, charter boat
captains, and recreational anglers who allowed us to sample their catch;
and C. Palmer and C. Fioramonti for assistance in aging samples. We
would also like to thank three anonymous reviewers for their helpful
comments.
NR 39
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U1 1
U2 11
PU ROSENSTIEL SCH MAR ATMOS SCI
PI MIAMI
PA 4600 RICKENBACKER CAUSEWAY, MIAMI, FL 33149 USA
SN 0007-4977
J9 B MAR SCI
JI Bull. Mar. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 86
IS 3
BP 515
EP 532
PG 18
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 621IX
UT WOS:000279570900002
ER
PT J
AU Marancik, KE
Richardson, DE
Lyczkowski-Shultz, J
Konieczna, M
Cowen, RK
AF Marancik, Katrin E.
Richardson, David E.
Lyczkowski-Shultz, Joanne
Konieczna, Malgorzata
Cowen, Robert K.
TI EVALUATION OF MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS TO IDENTIFY GROUPER (SERRANIDAE:
EPINEPHELINI) LARVAE IN THE GULF OF MEXICO USING GENETICALLY IDENTIFIED
SPECIMENS
SO BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID GAG MYCTEROPERCA-MICROLEPIS; EASTERN GULF; REEF FISHES; SPECIES
IDENTIFICATION; MARINE RESERVES; SNAPPER COMPLEX; UNITED-STATES; BLUE
MARLIN; DNA; PISCES
AB The identities of early life stages of groupers worldwide are virtually unknown. Current identification strategies rely on characters not yet developed in small larvae (< 7 mm BL) and not always reliable in larger larvae. Genetically identified larval Epinephelini (280 specimens from 15 species) collected in the Straits of Florida, coupled with larvae collected during Southeast Area Monitoring and Assessment Program (SEAMAP) resource surveys in the Gulf of Mexico (500 specimens), were used to examine the utility of morphological characters in identifying epinephelin larvae to species. Through investigation of genetically identified larvae, we demonstrate that patterns of tail pigment and lower-jaw pigment are consistent within species and are often species-specific. These characters facilitate identification of grouper larvae when genetic analyses are not used. The coupling of molecular and morphological identification techniques proved to be a powerful and cost-effective tool in advancing our knowledge of larval groupers. Application of these combined techniques resulted in the first-time identification of the larvae of three species and the preflexion-stage larvae of 10 species of groupers. Six species, three species groups, and three morphological types could be identified in the SEAMAP samples. The synthesis of our findings with previously published descriptions of grouper larvae represents the most comprehensive treatment of larval groupers of the western North Atlantic to date.
C1 [Marancik, Katrin E.; Lyczkowski-Shultz, Joanne] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NOAA, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Mississippi Labs, Pascagoula, MS 39567 USA.
[Richardson, David E.; Cowen, Robert K.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Div Marine Biol & Fisheries, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Konieczna, Malgorzata] Plankton Sorting & Identificat Ctr, Sea Fisheries Inst, PL-71550 Szczecin, Poland.
RP Marancik, KE (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NOAA, NE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Narragansett Lab, 28 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
EM katey.marancik@noaa.gov
FU OAR Cooperative Institute Program Office; Northern Gulf Institute; NOAA
Cooperative Institute
FX We would like to thank the following people for their significant
contributions to this work: L. Bullock (Fish and Wildlife Research
Institute, St. Petersburg, FL), J. Llopiz, C. Guigand, A. Exum, J.
VanWye, and K. Shulzitski (RSMAS, Miami, FL), K. Sullivan-Sealy
(University of Miami, Miami, FL), K. Williams (SEAMAP Archiving Center,
Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, St. Petersburg, FL), The SEAMAP
Plankton Team (SEFSC, Mississippi Laboratories), and the staff at the
Sea Fisheries Institute, Plankton Sorting and Identification Center
(Gdynia and Szczecin, Poland). This work would not have been possible
without the resourcefulness and skilled assistance of the crews of the
NOAA ships CHAPMAN, OREGON II, and GORDON GUNTER and the dedication of
biologists of the NMFS, Gulf States resource agencies, Johnson Controls
International, and IAP World Services who participated in SEAMAP
plankton surveys sampling. The NOAA/NMFS Northeast Fisheries Science
Center provided valuable space and resources. J. Hare and H. Walsh
tested and improved our approach to grouper identification. We wish to
thank J. Hare, A. Chester, T. Noji, G. D. Johnson, and two anonymous
reviewers for providing useful and memorable comments on earlier
versions of this manuscript. This study was funded through the OAR
Cooperative Institute Program Office and is part of the research program
of the Northern Gulf Institute, a NOAA Cooperative Institute. For more
information on the Northern Gulf Institute see
www.northerngulfinstitute.org.
NR 52
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U2 4
PU ROSENSTIEL SCH MAR ATMOS SCI
PI MIAMI
PA 4600 RICKENBACKER CAUSEWAY, MIAMI, FL 33149 USA
SN 0007-4977
EI 1553-6955
J9 B MAR SCI
JI Bull. Mar. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 86
IS 3
BP 571
EP 624
PG 54
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 621IX
UT WOS:000279570900005
ER
PT J
AU Hartten, LM
LeMone, MA
AF Hartten, Leslie M.
LeMone, Margaret A.
TI THE EVOLUTION AND CURRENT STATE OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES "PIPELINE"
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID AMS; METEOROLOGY; MEMBERSHIP; WOMEN; DEMOGRAPHICS; TRENDS
C1 [Hartten, Leslie M.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Hartten, Leslie M.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Div Phys Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
[LeMone, Margaret A.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Mesoscale & Microscale Meteorol Div, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
RP Hartten, LM (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, 216 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM Leslie.M.Hartten@noaa.gov
RI Hartten, Leslie/F-1970-2010
OI Hartten, Leslie/0000-0002-5620-6302
FU Physical Sciences Division of the NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory;
Mesoscale and Microscale Meteorology Division of NCAR
FX This work was supported by the Physical Sciences Division of the NOAA
Earth System Research Laboratory and the Mesoscale and Microscale
Meteorology Division of NCAR. We thank Roman Czujko (AIP), Keith Seitter
(AMS), and Julie Winkler (Michigan State University) for their
assistance with data acquisition and documentation; Czujko for useful
statistical advice; and Winkler for perceptive suggestions about
presentation. Thanks also to Sandra Laursen and Kris De Welde
(University of Colorado) for helping track down the origins of the
pipeline metaphor. The colors in figures were selected with assistance
from www.ColorBrewer2.org by Cynthia A. Brewer (Dept. of Geography,
Pennsylvania State University). Finally, LMH extends her deep
appreciation to Barbara J. Wardenburg, who long ago planted the first
seeds of awareness that led her down the path to this paper.
NR 30
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U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 91
IS 7
BP 942
EP 956
DI 10.1175/2010BAMS2537.1
PG 15
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 636RX
UT WOS:000280758700009
ER
PT J
AU Baringer, MO
Arndt, DS
Johnson, MR
AF Baringer, M. O.
Arndt, D. S.
Johnson, M. R.
TI STATE OF THE CLIMATE IN 2009
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID MERIDIONAL OVERTURNING CIRCULATION; SEA-SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; WESTERN
NORTH PACIFIC; QUASI-BIENNIAL OSCILLATION; MADDEN-JULIAN OSCILLATION;
NINO-SOUTHERN OSCILLATION; TROPICAL CYCLONE ACTIVITY; RADIO OCCULTATION
DATA; HEMISPHERE HIGH-LATITUDES; OCEAN THERMAL STRUCTURE
C1 [Baringer, M. O.] NOAA, OAR Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Phys Oceanog Div, Miami, FL USA.
[Arndt, D. S.] NOAA, NESDIS Natl Climat Data Ctr, Asheville, NC USA.
[Johnson, M. R.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Gloucester, MA USA.
RP Baringer, MO (reprint author), NOAA, OAR Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Phys Oceanog Div, Miami, FL USA.
RI Arndt, Derek/J-3022-2013; Luo, Jing-Jia/B-2481-2008; Barriopedro,
David/C-1421-2008; Gouveia, Celia/E-5159-2010; Johnson,
Gregory/I-6559-2012; Goni, Gustavo/D-2017-2012; Blunden,
Jessica/G-1309-2012; Lumpkin, Rick/C-9615-2009; Baringer,
Molly/D-2277-2012; Wang, Muyin/K-4006-2014; SHIMADA, Koji/O-1913-2014;
Box, Jason/H-5770-2013; Alexander, Lisa/A-8477-2011
OI Luo, Jing-Jia/0000-0003-2181-0638; Barriopedro,
David/0000-0001-6476-944X; Gouveia, Celia/0000-0002-3147-5696; Johnson,
Gregory/0000-0002-8023-4020; Goni, Gustavo/0000-0001-7093-3170; Lumpkin,
Rick/0000-0002-6690-1704; Baringer, Molly/0000-0002-8503-5194;
Alexander, Lisa/0000-0002-5635-2457
NR 468
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U2 30
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 91
IS 7
BP S1
EP +
DI 10.1175/BAMS-91-7-StateoftheClimate
PG 218
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 636RX
UT WOS:000280758700010
ER
PT J
AU Black, BA
Schroeder, ID
Sydeman, WJ
Bograd, SJ
Lawson, PW
AF Black, Bryan A.
Schroeder, Isaac D.
Sydeman, William J.
Bograd, Steven J.
Lawson, Peter W.
TI Wintertime ocean conditions synchronize rockfish growth and seabird
reproduction in the central California Current ecosystem
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTHEAST PACIFIC; CURRENT SYSTEM; EL-NINO; YELLOWTAIL ROCKFISH;
STABLE-ISOTOPE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; VARIABILITY; FISH; ABUNDANCE; EVENTS
AB Chronologies developed from annual growth-increment widths of splitnose rockfish (Sebastes pinniger) and yelloweye rockfish (Sebastes ruberrimus) otoliths were compared with time series of lay date and fledgling success for the common murre (Uria aalge) and Cassin's auklet (Ptychoramphus aleuticus) in the north-central California Current. All time series were exactly dated and spanned 1972 through 1994. In a principal components analysis, the leading principal component (PC1bio) accounted for 64% of the variance in the data set. By entering the upwelling index, the Northern Oscillation index, sea surface temperatures, and the multivariate ENSO (El Nino Southern Oscillation) index into principal components analysis, a time series of environmental variability PC1env was developed for each month of the year. Over the interval 1972 through 1994, PC1bio most strongly correlated with PC1env for February and, to a lesser extent, January and March. Moreover, when each of the six biological time series was related to the 12 PC1env through stepwise multiple regression, February was always the most significant (p < 0.01). The same was true if upwelling index was substituted for PC1env. As upper-trophic predators, rockfish and seabirds independently corroborate that wintertime ocean conditions are critical for productivity in the California Current ecosystem.
C1 [Black, Bryan A.] Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Schroeder, Isaac D.; Bograd, Steven J.] NOAA, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Div Environm Res, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
[Sydeman, William J.] Farallon Inst Adv Ecosyst Res, Petaluma, CA 94954 USA.
[Sydeman, William J.] Bodega Bay Marine Lab, Bodega Bay, CA 94923 USA.
[Lawson, Peter W.] NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
RP Black, BA (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, 2030 SE Marine Sci Ctr, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
EM bryan.black@oregonstate.edu
RI Black, Bryan/A-7057-2009
FU California Ocean Protection Council and California Sea [R/OPCENV-07];
National Science Foundation [0929017]
FX The seabird research was conducted on the Farallon National Wildlife
Refuge under contract between PRBO Conservation Science (formerly Point
Reyes Bird Observatory) and the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). We
thank PRBO and USFWS for data contributions to this project. Funding for
this analysis and write-up was provided by NOAA's Fisheries and the
Environment (FATE) program and the California Ocean Protection Council
and California Sea Grant under grant R/OPCENV-07 entitled "Tackling
climate change and ccological complexity: matches and mismatches in the
seasonal cycle of California's marine flora and fauna". Funding was also
provided through the National Science Foundation under grant 0929017
entitled "Importance of winter upwelling to California Current ecosystem
dynamics." This is contribution no. 5 of the Farallon Institute and
contribution no. 2510 of the Bodega Marine Laboratory.
NR 45
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PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
EI 1205-7533
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 67
IS 7
BP 1149
EP 1158
DI 10.1139/F10-055
PG 10
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 623KZ
UT WOS:000279739900009
ER
PT J
AU Warren, JD
Demer, DA
AF Warren, Joseph D.
Demer, David A.
TI Abundance and distribution of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba)
nearshore of Cape Shirreff, Livingston Island, Antarctica, during six
austral summers between 2000 and 2007
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID SOUTH SHETLAND ISLANDS; ACOUSTIC SCATTERING; TARGET-STRENGTH; BIOMASS
DENSITY; PREY ABUNDANCE; FUR SEALS; PENGUINS; ZOOPLANKTON; VARIABILITY;
DEMOGRAPHY
AB Abundance and distribution of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) in the nearshore waters north of Livingston Island, Antarctica, were characterized from six small-boat surveys conducted in late January or early February from 2000 to 2007. The first three surveys (2000, 2002, 2004) were conducted using a 120 kHz split-beam echosounder to measure water column acoustic backscatter. The last three surveys (2005-2007) were conducted using 38 kHz and 200 kHz singlebeam echosounders. A portion of the acoustic backscatter was attributed to Antarctic krill based on the results of net tows, underwater video observations, and a multiple-frequency acoustic classification algorithm. The annual mean krill biomass density in the survey area ranged from 11 to 84 g.m(-2). Results are compared with the western Scotia Sea area of the US Antarctic Marine Living Resources (AMLR) program's acoustic surveys of krill biomass density for the same years. Near-shore krill biomass densities were significantly larger (t test, p < 0.05), more stable, and the coefficients of variation were smaller than the much larger AMLR surveys. Increased competition between seals, penguins, and humans for the nearshore krill resource, especially during the austral summer months, could impact the recruitment success of these land-based krill predators. Implications of nearshore krill biomass on small-scale management units are discussed.
C1 [Warren, Joseph D.] SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Southampton, NY 11968 USA.
[Demer, David A.] SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
RP Warren, JD (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, 239 Montauk Highway, Southampton, NY 11968 USA.
EM joe.warren@stonybrook.edu
FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-01-1-0166]; NOAA's Southwest Fisheries
Science Center (SWFSC); National Science Foundation's Office of Polar
Programs [OPP0338196, OPP-0633939]; Advanced Survey Technologies group
(AST) at SWFSC
FX The financial and logistical support of the US AMLR Program has made
this work possible, and Rennie Holt, its Director, is thanked heartily.
During 2001, J.D.W. joined this research as an Office of Naval Research
postdoctoral fellow (grant no. N00014-01-1-0166) with D.A.D. at NOAA's
Southwest Fisheries Science Center (SWFSC). The 20052007 field seasons
were supported by the National Science Foundation's Office of Polar
Programs (grants OPP0338196 and OPP-0633939) and the Advanced Survey
Technologies group (AST) at SWFSC. The captains of R/V Ernest, Adam
Jenkins (2000, 2002, 2004) and Steve Sessions (2005, 2006, and 2007),
allowed these data to be safely collected in a wide variety of
conditions. D.A.D.'s concept for R/V Ernest I was cleverly designed and
skillfully built by Leif Knutsen (Big Foot Marine). Derek Needham and
Steve Sessions assisted with the design and construction of R/V Ernest
II. The Captain and crew of R/V Yuzhmorgeologiya provided a vigilant
guard and reliable support for the small-boat operations. The scientists
aboard the R/V Yuzhmorgeologiya provided great company and high-quality
acoustic (A. Cossio, J. Emery, R. Hewitt, and C. Reiss), hydrographic
and meteorologic (D. Needham, M. Prowse, M. Soule, and M. van den Berg),
and zooplankton (V. Loeb and the zooplankton sampling teams) data. B.
Cobb, B. Parker, D. Krause, and R. Haner of AMLR and J. Evans of
NSF/Raytheon Polar Services provided logistical support for our
land-based operations. Finally, this work was facilitated by the AMLR
Cape Shirreff field camp personnel (led by R. Holt, M. Goebel, and W.
Trivelpiece), who graciously welcomed, fed, and sheltered us during the
small-boat operations.
NR 35
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U2 18
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 67
IS 7
BP 1159
EP 1170
DI 10.1139/F10-042
PG 12
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 623KZ
UT WOS:000279739900010
ER
PT J
AU Xue, YK
De Sales, F
Lau, WKM
Boone, A
Feng, JM
Dirmeyer, P
Guo, ZC
Kim, KM
Kitoh, A
Kumar, V
Poccard-Leclercq, I
Mahowald, N
Moufouma-Okia, W
Pegion, P
Rowell, DP
Schemm, J
Schubert, SD
Sealy, A
Thiaw, WM
Vintzileos, A
Williams, SF
Wu, MLC
AF Xue, Yongkang
De Sales, Fernando
Lau, W. K. -M.
Boone, Aaron
Feng, Jinming
Dirmeyer, Paul
Guo, Zhichang
Kim, Kyu-Myong
Kitoh, Akio
Kumar, Vadlamani
Poccard-Leclercq, Isabelle
Mahowald, Natalie
Moufouma-Okia, Wilfran
Pegion, Phillip
Rowell, David P.
Schemm, Jae
Schubert, Siegfried D.
Sealy, Andrea
Thiaw, Wassila M.
Vintzileos, Augustin
Williams, Steven F.
Wu, Man-Li C.
TI Intercomparison and analyses of the climatology of the West African
Monsoon in the West African Monsoon Modeling and Evaluation project
(WAMME) first model intercomparison experiment
SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
ID AIR-TEMPERATURE VARIABILITY; TROPICAL NORTH-AFRICA; EASTERLY JET;
RAINFALL VARIABILITY; FORECAST SYSTEM; PRECIPITATION; SIMULATIONS;
ATMOSPHERE; FEEDBACK; 20TH-CENTURY
AB This paper briefly presents the West African Monsoon (WAM) Modeling and Evaluation Project (WAMME) and evaluates WAMME general circulation models' (GCM) performances in simulating variability of WAM precipitation, surface temperature, and major circulation features at seasonal and intraseasonal scales in the first WAMME experiment. The analyses indicate that models with specified sea surface temperature generally have reasonable simulations of the pattern of spatial distribution of WAM seasonal mean precipitation and surface temperature as well as the averaged zonal wind in latitude-height cross-section and low level circulation. But there are large differences among models in simulating spatial correlation, intensity, and variance of precipitation compared with observations. Furthermore, the majority of models fail to produce proper intensities of the African Easterly Jet (AEJ) and the tropical easterly jet. AMMA Land Surface Model Intercomparison Project (ALMIP) data are used to analyze the association between simulated surface processes and the WAM and to investigate the WAM mechanism. It has been identified that the spatial distributions of surface sensible heat flux, surface temperature, and moisture convergence are closely associated with the simulated spatial distribution of precipitation; while surface latent heat flux is closely associated with the AEJ and contributes to divergence in AEJ simulation. Common empirical orthogonal functions (CEOF) analysis is applied to characterize the WAM precipitation evolution and has identified a major WAM precipitation mode and two temperature modes (Sahara mode and Sahel mode). Results indicate that the WAMME models produce reasonable temporal evolutions of major CEOF modes but have deficiencies/uncertainties in producing variances explained by major modes. Furthermore, the CEOF analysis shows that WAM precipitation evolution is closely related to the enhanced Sahara mode and the weakened Sahel mode, supporting the evidence revealed in the analysis using ALMIP data. An analysis of variability of CEOF modes suggests that the Sahara mode leads the WAM evolution, and divergence in simulating this mode contributes to discrepancies in the precipitation simulation.
C1 [Xue, Yongkang; De Sales, Fernando; Feng, Jinming] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA.
[Lau, W. K. -M.; Pegion, Phillip; Schubert, Siegfried D.; Wu, Man-Li C.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Boone, Aaron] Ctr Natl Rech Meteorol, Toulouse, France.
[Feng, Jinming] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China.
[Dirmeyer, Paul; Guo, Zhichang] Ctr Ocean Land Atmosphere Interact, Calverton, MD USA.
[Kim, Kyu-Myong] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA.
[Kitoh, Akio] Meteorol Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan.
[Kumar, Vadlamani; Pegion, Phillip; Schemm, Jae; Thiaw, Wassila M.; Vintzileos, Augustin] Natl Ctr Environm Predict, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Kumar, Vadlamani] Wyle Informat Syst, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
[Poccard-Leclercq, Isabelle] Univ Bourgogne, CNRS, UMR5210, Ctr Rech Climatol, Dijon, France.
[Mahowald, Natalie] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA.
[Moufouma-Okia, Wilfran; Rowell, David P.] Met Off Hadley Ctr, Exeter, Devon, England.
[Sealy, Andrea] Caribbean Inst Meteorol & Hydrol, St James, Barbados.
[Vintzileos, Augustin] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Williams, Steven F.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
RP Xue, YK (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA.
EM yxue@geog.ucla.edu
RI Pegion, Philip/E-5247-2012; Mahowald, Natalie/D-8388-2013; De Sales,
Fernando/G-6551-2013; Kim, Kyu-Myong/G-5398-2014; Lau, William
/E-1510-2012; Dirmeyer, Paul/B-6553-2016;
OI Mahowald, Natalie/0000-0002-2873-997X; Lau, William
/0000-0002-3587-3691; Dirmeyer, Paul/0000-0003-3158-1752; Sealy,
Andrea/0000-0001-8369-8851
FU CEOP; U.S. NSF [ATM-0751030, ATM-0353606]; NASA; NOAA; European Union;
U.K. Joint DECC Defra and MoD Integrated Climate Programme [GA01101,
CBC/2B/0417_Annex C5]
FX We appreciate CEOP's support for the WAMME project, including use of the
NCAR database for the first WAMME experiment. The WAMME analysis is
supported by U.S. NSF grants ATM-0751030 and ATM-0353606 and by Dr. Hal
Maring of the NASA Interdisciplinary Investigation Program and Dr. R.
Kakar of the Precipitation Measuring Mission, NASA Headquarters. Each
WAMME model group's efforts are supported by U.S. NSF, NASA, and NOAA;
the European Union; the U.K. Joint DECC Defra and MoD Integrated Climate
Programme (GA01101, CBC/2B/0417_Annex C5); and other funding agencies.
We appreciate NCEP CPC providing GTS data for this analysis. We also
greatly appreciate the two anonymous reviewers and Prof. Edwin Schneider
for their constructive and helpful reviews, which help greatly improve
this paper. Special thanks go to Scot Loehre of NCAR for managing the
WAMME data sets on the NCAR Database.
NR 64
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U1 0
U2 21
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0930-7575
EI 1432-0894
J9 CLIM DYNAM
JI Clim. Dyn.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 35
IS 1
SI SI
BP 3
EP 27
DI 10.1007/s00382-010-0778-2
PG 25
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 616NK
UT WOS:000279215900002
ER
PT J
AU Meinen, CS
Baringer, MO
Garcia, RF
AF Meinen, Christopher S.
Baringer, Molly O.
Garcia, Rigoberto F.
TI Florida Current transport variability: An analysis of annual and
longer-period signals
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART I-OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH PAPERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Florida Current; Gulf Stream; Transport; Time series; Cable; Float
ID MERIDIONAL OVERTURNING CIRCULATION; NORTH-ATLANTIC; APRIL 1982;
INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; LOW-FREQUENCY; 27-DEGREES-N; STRAITS; OCEAN;
SEA; 26.5-DEGREES-N
AB More than forty years of Florida Current transport estimates are combined to study annual and longer-term variability in this important component of the MOC and subtropical gyre. A detailed analysis with error estimates illustrates the difficulties in extracting annual and longer time scale variability given the strong higher frequency energy present. The annual cycle represents less than 10% of the total Florida Current transport variance in a 16 yr segment of the record, while interannual (13-42 month) variability represents only 13% of the total and periods longer than 42 months represents less than 10% of the total. Given the observed high frequency variability of the Florida Current, in order to get a monthly mean that is accurate to within 0.5 Sv (one standard error level) more than 20 daily observations are needed. To obtain an estimate of the annual climatology that is "accurate" to within 20% of its own standard deviation, at least 24 yr of data is needed. More than 40 observations spread throughout a year are required to obtain an annual mean that is accurate to within 0.5 Sv. Despite these daunting data requirements, there is sufficient data now to evaluate both the annual cycle of the Florida Current transport with a high degree of accuracy and to begin to determine the longer period transport variability. Comparison of the Florida Current, NAO and wind stress curl records shows that a recently described Sverdrup-based mechanism explains a significant fraction of the long-period variability primarily during the 1986-1998 time window, with other mechanisms clearly dominating before and after. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Meinen, Christopher S.; Baringer, Molly O.] NOAA, AOML, PHOD, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Garcia, Rigoberto F.] UM CIMAS, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Meinen, CS (reprint author), NOAA, AOML, PHOD, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM Christopher.Meinen@noaa.gov; Molly.Baringer@noaa.gov;
Rigoberto.Garcia@noaa.gov
RI Meinen, Christopher/G-1902-2012; Baringer, Molly/D-2277-2012
OI Meinen, Christopher/0000-0002-8846-6002; Baringer,
Molly/0000-0002-8503-5194
FU NOAA Office of Climate Observations
FX The authors of this paper want to point out that research such as that
discussed herein can only be done through the good will and dedicated
work of many generations of scientists. As such, we would like to share
our thanks with the many fine researchers who collected, processed, and
published this data over the past 40+ years. Particular thanks are made
to Jimmy Larsen, Robert Molinari and Fritz Schott, who provided
significant help in finding and making sense of historical data sets
from the Florida Straits. Helpful conversations with Bill Johns, Tom
Sanford, and Tony Sturges on these topics are also gratefully
acknowledged. Robert Molinari and the anonymous reviewers also provided
a number of very helpful suggestions for improving an earlier draft of
this manuscript. This work is supported through the Western Boundary
Time Series project, which is funded through the NOAA Office of Climate
Observations. The Florida Current data are made freely available by AOML
Physical Oceanography Division at www.aoml.noaa.gov/phod/floridacurrent
through funding from the NOAA Office of Climate Observations.
NR 60
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U1 0
U2 11
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0637
EI 1879-0119
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT I
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part I-Oceanogr. Res. Pap.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 57
IS 7
BP 835
EP 846
DI 10.1016/j.dsr.2010.04.001
PG 12
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 621KL
UT WOS:000279576600001
ER
PT J
AU McGillicuddy, DJ
Lavelle, JW
Thurnherr, AM
Kosnyrev, VK
Mullineaux, LS
AF McGillicuddy, D. J., Jr.
Lavelle, J. W.
Thurnherr, A. M.
Kosnyrev, V. K.
Mullineaux, L. S.
TI Larval dispersion along an axially symmetric mid-ocean ridge
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART I-OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH PAPERS
LA English
DT Article
DE East Pacific Rise; Larval transport; Larval behavior; Modeling;
Physical-biological interactions
ID HYDROTHERMAL VENT PLUMES; EAST PACIFIC RISE; DE-FUCA RIDGE; CURRENTS;
OCEAN; INVERTEBRATES; EVOLUTION; TRANSPORT; PATTERNS; FLOWS
AB We investigated planktonic larval transport processes along an axially symmetric mid-ocean ridge with characteristics similar to that of the East Pacific Rise (EPR) segment at 9-10 degrees N. The hydrodynamic basis for this study is a primitive equation model implemented in two dimensions (depth and across-ridge), forced at the open boundaries to provide suitably realistic simulation of currents observed on the EPR ridge crest from May to November 1999. Three-dimensional trajectories of numerical larvae are computed assuming homogeneity in currents in the along-ridge direction. Larval dispersal fluctuates significantly in time. Transport distance decreases systematically with height above the bottom where numerical larvae are less subject to strong currents along the flanks of the ridge. The probability that the simulated larvae will be located near the ridge crest at settlement depends strongly on their behavioral characteristics (vertical position in the water column during the larval stage) and the length of their precompetency period. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [McGillicuddy, D. J., Jr.; Kosnyrev, V. K.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Appl Ocean Phys & Engn, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Lavelle, J. W.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Thurnherr, A. M.] Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
[Mullineaux, L. S.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Biol, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP McGillicuddy, DJ (reprint author), Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Appl Ocean Phys & Engn, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM dmcgillicuddy@whoi.edu; j.william.lavelle@noaa.gov;
ant@ldeo.columbia.edu; lmullineaux@whoi.edu
FU NSF [OCE-0424953]; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's
(NOAA); NOAA's Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory
FX We gratefully acknowledge the support of NSF grant OCE-0424953, which
funded the Larval Dispersion along the Deep East Pacific Rise (LADDER)
project. JWL was supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration's (NOAA) Vents Program and by NOAA's Pacific Marine
Environmental Laboratory. Discussions with our LADDER colleague Jim
Ledwell were very valuable to the analysis described herein. Comments
and suggestions by three anonymous reviewers and Associate Editor Andrew
Gooday were of great help in improving the original manuscript.
NR 41
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U2 12
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0637
EI 1879-0119
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT I
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part I-Oceanogr. Res. Pap.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 57
IS 7
BP 880
EP 892
DI 10.1016/j.dsr.2010.04.003
PG 13
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 621KL
UT WOS:000279576600005
ER
PT J
AU Dickens, SH
Flaim, GM
Floyd, CJE
AF Dickens, Sabine H.
Flaim, Glenn M.
Floyd, Cynthia J. E.
TI Effects of adhesive, base and diluent monomers on water sorption and
conversion of experimental resins
SO DENTAL MATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
DE Dental polymers; Water sorption; Solubility; Solubility parameters;
Resin composition; Hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties
ID CALCIUM-PHOSPHATE CEMENTS; DENTAL RESINS
AB Objectives. To establish the relationship of resin composition and resin hydrophilicity (indicated by solubility parameters and log P) to water sorption (WS), solubility, and degree of double bond conversion (DC) of resin mixtures designed for adhesive restoratives by varying the concentration of pyromellitic glycerol dimethacrylate (PMGDM) and various co-monomers.
Methods. Sixteen resin mixtures were prepared with (30-70) mass fraction % PMGDM. At given PMGDM concentrations there were up to five compositions with increasing log P. Polymer disks (13 mm x 0.7 mm) were exposed to 96% relative humidity (RH) to determine water sorption in humid atmosphere (WSH) and subsequently immersed in water for immersion water sorption (WSI) and solubility. DC was assessed by near infrared spectroscopy.
Results. WSI was somewhat higher than WSH, which ranged from(2.1 to 5.3) mass fraction %. Both data were positively correlated to PMGDM concentrations [Pearson correlation, p < 0.02; R(2) = 0.74, 0.73 (WSI)] and solubility (R(2) = 0.64), but not to log P. When grouped by structural similarities, i.e., base resins with bisphenol A core (Group B), Group O containing diluent monomers, or Group U containing urethane dimethacrylate, WS within each group was inversely correlated to log P with R(2) = 0.98, 0.81, 0.95, and WS/solubility correlation improved with R(2) = 0.88, 0.92 and 0.75, respectively. Solubility ranging from 0.3% to 2.3% was inversely related to DC (r = -0.872). Conversion ranging from 41% to 81% was lower for resins with high base monomer concentrations and highest in mixtures with UDMA.
Significance. Log P was a good predictor of WS after grouping the resins according to functional, compositional and structural similarities. WS and conversion were reasonably well predicted from Hoy's solubility parameters and other physical resin properties. (C) 2010 Academy of Dental Materials. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Dickens, Sabine H.; Flaim, Glenn M.; Floyd, Cynthia J. E.] NIST, Amer Dent Assoc Fdn, Paffenbarger Res Ctr, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Dickens, SH (reprint author), NIST, Amer Dent Assoc Fdn, Paffenbarger Res Ctr, Bldg 244,Rm A153,100 Bur Dr Stop 8546, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM sabine.dickens@nist.gov
FU American Dental Association Foundation; National Institute of Standards
and Technology; National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research
[DE13298]
FX The support by the American Dental Association Foundation, the National
Institute of Standards and Technology, and the National Institute of
Dental and Craniofacial Research, Grant No. DE13298 is gratefully
acknowledged. We also thank Esstech Co. for the generous supply of the
EBPADMA and UDMA monomers used in this study.
NR 18
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U1 2
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0109-5641
J9 DENT MATER
JI Dent. Mater.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 26
IS 7
BP 675
EP 681
DI 10.1016/j.dental.2010.03.011
PG 7
WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Materials Science, Biomaterials
SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Materials Science
GA 607TU
UT WOS:000278530300008
PM 20362326
ER
PT J
AU Matsche, MA
Overton, A
Jacobs, J
Rhodes, MR
Rosemary, KM
AF Matsche, Mark A.
Overton, Anthony
Jacobs, John
Rhodes, Matt R.
Rosemary, Kevin M.
TI Low prevalence of splenic mycobacteriosis in migratory striped bass
Morone saxatilis from North Carolina and Chesapeake Bay, USA
SO DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Mycobacteriosis; Striped bass; North Carolina; Chesapeake Bay; Migratory
ID ATLANTIC COAST; INFECTIONS; FISHERY; MORTALITY; MARINUM; HUDSON; STOCKS;
RATES
AB Mycobacteriosis is a chronic bacterial disease causing an ongoing epizootic in striped bass Morone saxatilis in Chesapeake Bay, USA. Prevalence of disease is high in pre-migratory fish, and multiple species of Mycobacterium spp. have been isolated. However, prevalence of mycobacteriosis in the coastal migratory population is unknown and is of concern to multiple coastal states, as disease-related mortality may impact the long-term health of the population. Histological examinations of spleens collected from fish caught by recreational anglers during the winter fishery in coastal North Carolina (2005-2006, n = 249) and during the spring fishery in Chesapeake Bay (2006, n = 120) indicated a low prevalence of mycobacteriosis (6.8% of all fish examined) in comparison to smaller, pre-migratory Chesapeake Bay fish. Genus-level PCR and subsequent sequencing of the 16-23S intergenic transcribed spacer (ITS) region revealed that all bacteria were phylogenetically related, but species is unknown. Location of survey, gender of fish, and total length of fish had no significant effect on prevalence of mycobacteriosis, parasitic granulomas, or the density of splenic granulomas (p > 0.05). These results may indicate that either granulomas resolve after Chesapeake Bay fish enter the coastal migratory population, or that there is disease-related mortality among pre-migratory Chesapeake Bay fish.
C1 [Matsche, Mark A.; Rosemary, Kevin M.] Maryland Dept Nat Resources, Cooperat Oxford Lab, Oxford, MD 21654 USA.
[Overton, Anthony] E Carolina Univ, Harriot Coll Arts & Sci, Greenville, NC 27858 USA.
[Jacobs, John] NOAA, NCCOS, Cooperat Oxford Lab, Oxford, MD 21654 USA.
[Rhodes, Matt R.] JHT Inc, Cooperat Oxford Lab, Oxford, MD 21654 USA.
RP Matsche, MA (reprint author), Maryland Dept Nat Resources, Cooperat Oxford Lab, Oxford, MD 21654 USA.
EM mmatsche@dnr.state.md.us
FU United States Fish and Wildlife Service; Maryland Department of Natural
Resources; Chesapeake Bay Ecological Foundation
FX We thank W. Laney (United States Fish and Wildlife Service), H. King
(Maryland Department of Natural Resources), and J. Price (Chesapeake Bay
Ecological Foundation) for their financial support. We also thank
personnel at the Oregon Inlet Fishing Center, particularly M. Swain, for
use of their facilities; and J. Clermont, M. Butler, C. Lee, and N.
Jones for assisting in the field collections. We also thank H. Townsend
for assistance with statistical analysis; J. Blazek, S. Lehmann, and S.
Tyler for tissue processing; and D. Howard for processing samples for
PCR analysis.
NR 36
TC 1
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U1 0
U2 2
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0177-5103
J9 DIS AQUAT ORGAN
JI Dis. Aquat. Org.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 90
IS 3
BP 181
EP 189
DI 10.3354/dao02226
PG 9
WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
GA 621GV
UT WOS:000279564800003
PM 20815326
ER
PT J
AU White, JW
Samhouri, JF
Stier, AC
Wormald, CL
Hamilton, SL
Sandin, SA
AF White, J. Wilson
Samhouri, Jameal F.
Stier, Adrian C.
Wormald, Clare L.
Hamilton, Scott L.
Sandin, Stuart A.
TI Synthesizing mechanisms of density dependence in reef fishes: behavior,
habitat configuration, and observational scale
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE direct density dependence; inverse density dependence; patch vs.
continuous reef; reef fish; refuge-based aggregation; shoaling; social
aggregation; spatial scaling
ID MARINE FISH; POPULATION REGULATION; POSTSETTLEMENT MORTALITY; SPATIAL
SCALE; COMPETITIVE INTERACTIONS; FUNCTIONAL-RESPONSES; RECRUITMENT
DYNAMICS; PREDATION RISK; PREY MORTALITY; SITE QUALITY
AB Coral and rocky reef fish populations are widely used as model systems for the experimental exploration of density-dependent vital rates, but patterns of density-dependent mortality in these systems are not yet fully understood. In particular, the paradigm for strong, directly density-dependent (DDD) postsettlement mortality stands in contrast to recent evidence for inversely density-dependent (IDD) mortality. We review the processes responsible for DDD and IDD per capita mortality in reef fishes, noting that the pattern observed depends on predator and prey behavior, the spatial configuration of the reef habitat, and the spatial and temporal scales of observation. Specifically, predators tend to produce DDD prey mortality at their characteristic spatial scale of foraging, but prey mortality is IDD at smaller spatial scales due to attack-abatement effects (e. g., risk dilution). As a result, DDD mortality may be more common than IDD mortality on patch reefs, which tend to constrain predator foraging to the same scale as prey aggregation, eliminating attack-abatement effects. Additionally, adjacent groups of prey on continuous reefs may share a subset of refuges, increasing per capita refuge availability and relaxing DDD mortality relative to prey on patch reefs, where the patch edge could prevent such refuge sharing. These hypotheses lead to a synthetic framework to predict expected mortality patterns for a variety of scenarios. For nonsocial, nonaggregating species and species that aggregate in order to take advantage of spatially clumped refuges, IDD mortality is possible but likely superseded by DDD refuge competition, especially on patch reefs. By contrast, for species that aggregate socially, mortality should be IDD at the scale of individual aggregations but DDD at larger scales. The results of nearly all prior reef fish studies fit within this framework, although additional work is needed to test many of the predicted outcomes. This synthesis reconciles some apparent contradictions in the recent reef fish literature and suggests the importance of accounting for the scale-sensitive details of predator and prey behavior in any study system.
C1 [White, J. Wilson] Univ Calif Davis, Bodega Marine Lab, Dept Wildlife Fish & Conservat Biol, Bodega Bay, CA 94923 USA.
[Samhouri, Jameal F.] NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Stier, Adrian C.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Wormald, Clare L.] Calif State Univ Northridge, Dept Biol, Northridge, CA 91330 USA.
[Hamilton, Scott L.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Sandin, Stuart A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Marine Biodivers & Conservat, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RP White, JW (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Bodega Marine Lab, Dept Wildlife Fish & Conservat Biol, Bodega Bay, CA 94923 USA.
EM jwwhite@ucdavis.edu
NR 101
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U1 3
U2 45
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0012-9658
EI 1939-9170
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 91
IS 7
BP 1949
EP 1961
DI 10.1890/09-0298.1
PG 13
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 621GL
UT WOS:000279563700010
PM 20715614
ER
PT J
AU Kaplan, DM
Hart, DR
Botsford, LW
AF Kaplan, David M.
Hart, Deborah R.
Botsford, Louis W.
TI Rotating spatial harvests and fishing effort displacement: a comment on
Game et al. (2009)
SO ECOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Fisheries management; fishing effort displacement; marine protected
areas; periodic closures; population dynamics; pulse fishing; rotational
fishing; rotational spatial harvests
ID SCALLOP PLACOPECTEN-MAGELLANICUS; MARINE RESERVES; MANAGEMENT; FISHERIES
AB Game et al. (2009) explored using rapid rotational fishing for increasing herbivore biomass. Their results depend crucially on the assumption that fishing effort that was in closures disappears, rather than shifting elsewhere. If effort shifts, rapid rotation has no effects, but previous age-structured analyses show benefits of longer period rotation that are robust to effort displacement.
C1 [Kaplan, David M.] Ctr Rech Halieut, Inst Rech Dev, UMR 212, EME, F-34203 Sete, France.
[Botsford, Louis W.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Wildlife Fish & Conservat Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Hart, Deborah R.] NE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Kaplan, DM (reprint author), Ctr Rech Halieut, Inst Rech Dev, UMR 212, EME, Av Jean Monnet,BP 171, F-34203 Sete, France.
EM david.kaplan@ird.fr
RI Kaplan, David M./G-5230-2010
OI Kaplan, David M./0000-0001-6087-359X
FU French National Research Agency (ANR) [ANR-08-STRA-03]; California Sea
Grant
FX DMK received financial support from the AMPED project
(http://www.amped.ird.fr) through a grant from the French National
Research Agency (ANR), Systerra Programme, grant number ANR-08-STRA-03.
LWB was supported by the California Sea Grant. The authors thank Fred
Serchuk for his helpful comments.
NR 15
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 19
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1461-023X
J9 ECOL LETT
JI Ecol. Lett.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 13
IS 7
BP E10
EP E12
DI 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01499.x
PG 3
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 611FU
UT WOS:000278798100001
PM 20636770
ER
PT J
AU Mayorga, E
Seitzinger, SP
Harrison, JA
Dumont, E
Beusen, AHW
Bouwman, AF
Fekete, BM
Kroeze, C
Van Drecht, G
AF Mayorga, Emilio
Seitzinger, Sybil P.
Harrison, John A.
Dumont, Egon
Beusen, Arthur H. W.
Bouwman, A. F.
Fekete, Balazs M.
Kroeze, Carolien
Van Drecht, Gerard
TI Global Nutrient Export from WaterSheds 2 (NEWS 2): Model development and
implementation
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE
LA English
DT Article
DE Global NEWS; Nutrients; Millennium ecosystem assessment scenarios; Basin
models; Global river exports; Coastal inputs
ID LAND-USE CHANGE; MARINE ECOSYSTEMS; RIVER DISCHARGE; WORLD RIVERS;
NITROGEN; IMPACT; OCEAN; SEDIMENT; FORESTS; CLIMATE
AB Global NEWS is a global, spatially explicit, multi-element and multi-form model of nutrient exports by rivers. Here we present NEWS 2, the new version of Global NEWS developed as part of a Millennium Ecosystem Assessment scenario implementation from hindcast (1970) to contemporary (2000) and future scenario trajectories (2030 & 2050). We provide a detailed model description and present an overview of enhancements to input datasets, emphasizing an integrated view of nutrient form sub-models and contrasts with previous NEWS models (NEWS 1). An important difference with NEWS 1 is our unified model framework (multi-element, multi-form) that facilitates detailed watershed comparisons regionally and by element or form. NEWS 2 performs approximately as well as NEWS 1 while incorporating previously uncharacterized factors. Although contemporary global river export estimates for dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and particulates show notable reductions, they are within the range of previous studies: global exports for other nutrient forms are comparable to NEWS 1. NEWS 2 can be used as an effective tool to examine the impact of polices to reduce coastal eutrophication at regional to global scales. Continued enhancements will focus on the incorporation of other forms and sub-basin spatial variability in drivers and retention processes. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Mayorga, Emilio; Seitzinger, Sybil P.] Rutgers State Univ, Rutgers NOAA CMER Program, Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[Harrison, John A.] Washington State Univ, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Vancouver, WA 98686 USA.
[Dumont, Egon] Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Wallingford OX10 8BB, Oxon, England.
[Bouwman, A. F.; Van Drecht, Gerard] Netherlands Environm Assessment Agcy PBL, NL-3720 AH Bilthoven, Netherlands.
[Fekete, Balazs M.] CUNY City Coll, CUNY Environm Cross Rd Initiat, Global Water Ctr, New York, NY 10031 USA.
[Kroeze, Carolien] Open Univ Netherlands, Sch Sci, NL-6401 DL Heerlen, Netherlands.
[Kroeze, Carolien] Wageningen Univ, Environm Syst Anal Grp, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands.
RP Mayorga, E (reprint author), Univ Washington, Appl Phys Lab, Box 355640, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
EM mayorga@apl.washington.edu
RI Harrison, John/F-2280-2011; Bouwman, Lex/B-7053-2012; Dumont,
Egon/G-9585-2013; Bouwman, Lex/F-1444-2015;
OI Dumont, Egon/0000-0002-7605-9434; Bouwman, Lex/0000-0002-2045-1859;
Mayorga, Emilio/0000-0003-2574-4623
FU UNESCO-IOC; NASA; NOAA
FX We are grateful to UNESCO-IOC for supporting this work and to Charles
Vorosmarty, Dominik Wisser, Rosalynn Lee, Gilles Billen, Josette Gamier
and the rest of the Global NEWS working group for useful discussion and
feedback. We thank Cory Cleveland and Chris Neill for discussions on
tropical nitrogen cycling. NASA supported the work of E. M., S. P. S.,
J. A. H. and B. M. F. NOAA additionally supported the work of S. P. S.
The work of A. H. W. B., A. F. B. and G. V. was part of the project
Integrated Terrestrial Modeling of the Netherlands Environmental
Assessment Agency (PBL).
NR 65
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PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1364-8152
J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW
JI Environ. Modell. Softw.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 7
BP 837
EP 853
DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2010.01.007
PG 17
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering,
Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 588VY
UT WOS:000277103800003
ER
PT J
AU Brown, JD
Demargne, J
Seo, DJ
Liu, YQ
AF Brown, James D.
Demargne, Julie
Seo, Dong-Jun
Liu, Yuqiong
TI The Ensemble Verification System (EVS): A software tool for verifying
ensemble forecasts of hydrometeorological and hydrologic variables at
discrete locations
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE
LA English
DT Article
DE Probability forecasts; Forecast quality; Verification; Uncertainty;
Java; Ensemble forecasting
ID DISTRIBUTIONS-ORIENTED VERIFICATION; NATIONAL-WEATHER-SERVICE;
PROBABILISTIC FORECASTS; DIAGNOSTIC VERIFICATION; STREAMFLOW
PREDICTIONS; RELIABILITY DIAGRAMS; FRAMEWORK; UNCERTAINTY; QUALITY;
STATISTICS
AB Ensemble forecasting is widely used in meteorology and, increasingly, in hydrology to quantify and propagate uncertainty. In practice, ensemble forecasts cannot account for every source of uncertainty, and many uncertainties are difficult to quantify accurately. Thus, ensemble forecasts are subject to errors, which may be correlated in space and time and may be systematic. Ensemble verification is necessary to quantify these errors, and to better understand the sources of predictive error and skill in particular modeling situations. The Ensemble Verification System (EVS) is a flexible, user-friendly, software tool that is designed to verify ensemble forecasts of numeric variables, such as temperature, precipitation and streamflow. It can be applied to forecasts from any number of discrete locations, which may be issued with any frequency and lead time. The EVS can also produce and verify forecasts that are aggregated in time, such as daily precipitation totals based on hourly forecasts, and can aggregate verification statistics across several discrete locations. This paper is separated into four parts. It begins with an overview of the EVS and the structure of the Graphical User Interface. The verification metrics available in the EVS are then described. These include metrics that verify the forecast probabilities and metrics that verify the ensemble mean forecast. Several new verification metrics are also presented. Following a description of the Application Programming Interface, the procedure for adding a new metric to the EVS is briefly outlined. Finally, the EVS is illustrated with two examples from the National Weather Service (NWS), one focusing on ensemble forecasts of precipitation from the NWS Ensemble Pre-Processor and one focusing on ensemble forecasts of streamflow from the NWS Ensemble Streamflow Prediction system. The conclusions address future enhancements to, and applications of, the EVS. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Brown, James D.; Demargne, Julie; Seo, Dong-Jun; Liu, Yuqiong] NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Off Hydrol Dev, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Brown, James D.; Demargne, Julie; Seo, Dong-Jun] Univ Corp Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Liu, Yuqiong] Riverside Technol Inc, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA.
RP Brown, JD (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Off Hydrol Dev, 1325 East West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM james.d.brown@noaa.gov
RI Liu, Yuqiong/B-4318-2012
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) through the
Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service (AHPS); Climate Prediction
Program for the Americas (CPPA)
FX We would like to thank Holly Hartmann and two anonymous reviewers for
their helpful comments on an earlier draft of this paper. This work was
supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
through the Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service (AHPS) and the
Climate Prediction Program for the Americas (CPPA). Reference in this
manuscript to any specific commercial products, processes, or services,
or the use of any trade, firm or corporation name does not constitute
endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government
or the National Weather Service.
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PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1364-8152
EI 1873-6726
J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW
JI Environ. Modell. Softw.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 25
IS 7
BP 854
EP 872
DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2010.01.009
PG 19
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering,
Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 588VY
UT WOS:000277103800004
ER
PT J
AU Arkin, PA
Smith, TM
Sapiano, MRP
Janowiak, J
AF Arkin, Phillip A.
Smith, Thomas M.
Sapiano, Mathew R. P.
Janowiak, John
TI The observed sensitivity of the global hydrological cycle to changes in
surface temperature
SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE global change hydrological cycle
ID AIR-TEMPERATURE; WATER-VAPOR; PRECIPITATION; GPCP; REANALYSIS; PRODUCTS;
DATASET; FLUXES; HEAT
AB Climate models project large changes in global surface temperature in coming decades that are expected to be accompanied by significant changes in the global hydrological cycle. Validation of model simulations is essential to support their use in decision making, but observing the elements of the hydrological cycle is challenging, and model-independent global data sets exist only for precipitation. We compute the sensitivity of the global hydrological cycle to changes in surface temperature using available global precipitation data sets and compare the results against the sensitivities derived from model simulations of 20th century climate. The implications of the results for the global climate observing system are discussed.
C1 [Arkin, Phillip A.; Janowiak, John] Univ Maryland, CICS ESSIC, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Smith, Thomas M.] NOAA STAR SCSB, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Sapiano, Mathew R. P.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Arkin, PA (reprint author), Univ Maryland, CICS ESSIC, 5825 Univ Res Court,Suite 4001, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
RI Smith, Thomas M./F-5626-2010
OI Smith, Thomas M./0000-0001-7469-7849
FU Cooperative Institute for Climate Satellites, NOAA [NA09NES4400006]
FX This project is supported in part by the Cooperative Institute for
Climate Satellites, NOAA Grant NA09NES4400006. The contents of this
paper are solely the opinions of the authors and do not constitute a
statement of policy, decision, or position on behalf of NOAA or the US
Government. Comments and suggestions from two anonymous reviewers and
two members of the Editorial Board were extremely valuable in creating
the final version of this manuscript.
NR 37
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U1 2
U2 18
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1748-9326
J9 ENVIRON RES LETT
JI Environ. Res. Lett.
PD JUL-SEP
PY 2010
VL 5
IS 3
AR 035201
DI 10.1088/1748-9326/5/3/035201
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 655TX
UT WOS:000282273700015
ER
PT J
AU Yi, CX
Ricciuto, D
Li, R
Wolbeck, J
Xu, XY
Nilsson, M
Aires, L
Albertson, JD
Ammann, C
Arain, MA
de Araujo, AC
Aubinet, M
Aurela, M
Barcza, Z
Barr, A
Berbigier, P
Beringer, J
Bernhofer, C
Black, AT
Bolstad, PV
Bosveld, FC
Broadmeadow, MSJ
Buchmann, N
Burns, SP
Cellier, P
Chen, JM
Chen, JQ
Ciais, P
Clement, R
Cook, BD
Curtis, PS
Dail, DB
Dellwik, E
Delpierre, N
Desai, AR
Dore, S
Dragoni, D
Drake, BG
Dufrene, E
Dunn, A
Elbers, J
Eugster, W
Falk, M
Feigenwinter, C
Flanagan, LB
Foken, T
Frank, J
Fuhrer, J
Gianelle, D
Goldstein, A
Goulden, M
Granier, A
Grunwald, T
Gu, L
Guo, HQ
Hammerle, A
Han, SJ
Hanan, NP
Haszpra, L
Heinesch, B
Helfter, C
Hendriks, D
Hutley, LB
Ibrom, A
Jacobs, C
Johansson, T
Jongen, M
Katul, G
Kiely, G
Klumpp, K
Knohl, A
Kolb, T
Kutsch, WL
Lafleur, P
Laurila, T
Leuning, R
Lindroth, A
Liu, HP
Loubet, B
Manca, G
Marek, M
Margolis, HA
Martin, TA
Massman, WJ
Matamala, R
Matteucci, G
McCaughey, H
Merbold, L
Meyers, T
Migliavacca, M
Miglietta, F
Misson, L
Moelder, M
Moncrieff, J
Monson, RK
Montagnani, L
Montes-Helu, M
Moors, E
Moureaux, C
Mukelabai, MM
Munger, JW
Myklebust, M
Nagy, Z
Noormets, A
Oechel, W
Oren, R
Pallardy, SG
Kyaw, TPU
Pereira, JS
Pilegaard, K
Pinter, K
Pio, C
Pita, G
Powell, TL
Rambal, S
Randerson, JT
von Randow, C
Rebmann, C
Rinne, J
Rossi, F
Roulet, N
Ryel, RJ
Sagerfors, J
Saigusa, N
Sanz, MJ
Mugnozza, GS
Schmid, HP
Seufert, G
Siqueira, M
Soussana, JF
Starr, G
Sutton, MA
Tenhunen, J
Tuba, Z
Tuovinen, JP
Valentini, R
Vogel, CS
Wang, JX
Wang, SQ
Wang, WG
Welp, LR
Wen, XF
Wharton, S
Wilkinson, M
Williams, CA
Wohlfahrt, G
Yamamoto, S
Yu, GR
Zampedri, R
Zhao, B
Zhao, XQ
AF Yi, Chuixiang
Ricciuto, Daniel
Li, Runze
Wolbeck, John
Xu, Xiyan
Nilsson, Mats
Aires, Luis
Albertson, John D.
Ammann, Christof
Arain, M. Altaf
de Araujo, Alessandro C.
Aubinet, Marc
Aurela, Mika
Barcza, Zoltan
Barr, Alan
Berbigier, Paul
Beringer, Jason
Bernhofer, Christian
Black, Andrew T.
Bolstad, Paul V.
Bosveld, Fred C.
Broadmeadow, Mark S. J.
Buchmann, Nina
Burns, Sean P.
Cellier, Pierre
Chen, Jingming
Chen, Jiquan
Ciais, Philippe
Clement, Robert
Cook, Bruce D.
Curtis, Peter S.
Dail, D. Bryan
Dellwik, Ebba
Delpierre, Nicolas
Desai, Ankur R.
Dore, Sabina
Dragoni, Danilo
Drake, Bert G.
Dufrene, Eric
Dunn, Allison
Elbers, Jan
Eugster, Werner
Falk, Matthias
Feigenwinter, Christian
Flanagan, Lawrence B.
Foken, Thomas
Frank, John
Fuhrer, Juerg
Gianelle, Damiano
Goldstein, Allen
Goulden, Mike
Granier, Andre
Gruenwald, Thomas
Gu, Lianhong
Guo, Haiqiang
Hammerle, Albin
Han, Shijie
Hanan, Niall P.
Haszpra, Laszlo
Heinesch, Bernard
Helfter, Carole
Hendriks, Dimmie
Hutley, Lindsay B.
Ibrom, Andreas
Jacobs, Cor
Johansson, Torbjoern
Jongen, Marjan
Katul, Gabriel
Kiely, Gerard
Klumpp, Katja
Knohl, Alexander
Kolb, Thomas
Kutsch, Werner L.
Lafleur, Peter
Laurila, Tuomas
Leuning, Ray
Lindroth, Anders
Liu, Heping
Loubet, Benjamin
Manca, Giovanni
Marek, Michal
Margolis, Hank A.
Martin, Timothy A.
Massman, William J.
Matamala, Roser
Matteucci, Giorgio
McCaughey, Harry
Merbold, Lutz
Meyers, Tilden
Migliavacca, Mirco
Miglietta, Franco
Misson, Laurent
Moelder, Meelis
Moncrieff, John
Monson, Russell K.
Montagnani, Leonardo
Montes-Helu, Mario
Moors, Eddy
Moureaux, Christine
Mukelabai, Mukufute M.
Munger, J. William
Myklebust, May
Nagy, Zoltan
Noormets, Asko
Oechel, Walter
Oren, Ram
Pallardy, Stephen G.
Kyaw, Tha Paw U.
Pereira, Joao S.
Pilegaard, Kim
Pinter, Krisztina
Pio, Casimiro
Pita, Gabriel
Powell, Thomas L.
Rambal, Serge
Randerson, James T.
von Randow, Celso
Rebmann, Corinna
Rinne, Janne
Rossi, Federica
Roulet, Nigel
Ryel, Ronald J.
Sagerfors, Jorgen
Saigusa, Nobuko
Sanz, Maria Jose
Mugnozza, Giuseppe-Scarascia
Schmid, Hans Peter
Seufert, Guenther
Siqueira, Mario
Soussana, Jean-Francois
Starr, Gregory
Sutton, Mark A.
Tenhunen, John
Tuba, Zoltan
Tuovinen, Juha-Pekka
Valentini, Riccardo
Vogel, Christoph S.
Wang, Jingxin
Wang, Shaoqiang
Wang, Weiguo
Welp, Lisa R.
Wen, Xuefa
Wharton, Sonia
Wilkinson, Matthew
Williams, Christopher A.
Wohlfahrt, Georg
Yamamoto, Susumu
Yu, Guirui
Zampedri, Roberto
Zhao, Bin
Zhao, Xinquan
TI Climate control of terrestrial carbon exchange across biomes and
continents
SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE NEE; climate control; terrestrial carbon sequestration; temperature;
dryness; eddy flux; biomes; photosynthesis; respiration; global carbon
cycle
ID EDDY-COVARIANCE MEASUREMENTS; LONG-TERM; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY;
SPATIAL VARIABILITY; SOIL RESPIRATION; DECIDUOUS FOREST; WATER-VAPOR;
FLUXES; DIOXIDE; UNCERTAINTY
AB Understanding the relationships between climate and carbon exchange by terrestrial ecosystems is critical to predict future levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide because of the potential accelerating effects of positive climate-carbon cycle feedbacks. However, directly observed relationships between climate and terrestrial CO2 exchange with the atmosphere across biomes and continents are lacking. Here we present data describing the relationships between net ecosystem exchange of carbon (NEE) and climate factors as measured using the eddy covariance method at 125 unique sites in various ecosystems over six continents with a total of 559 site-years. We find that NEE observed at eddy covariance sites is (1) a strong function of mean annual temperature at mid-and high-latitudes, (2) a strong function of dryness at mid-and low-latitudes, and (3) a function of both temperature and dryness around the mid-latitudinal belt (45 degrees N). The sensitivity of NEE to mean annual temperature breaks down at similar to 16 degrees C (a threshold value of mean annual temperature), above which no further increase of CO2 uptake with temperature was observed and dryness influence overrules temperature influence.
C1 [Yi, Chuixiang; Wolbeck, John; Xu, Xiyan] CUNY, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Queens Coll, New York, NY 11367 USA.
[Ricciuto, Daniel; Gu, Lianhong] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Li, Runze] Penn State Univ, Dept Stat, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Nilsson, Mats; Sagerfors, Jorgen] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Forest Ecol, SE-90183 Umea, Sweden.
[Albertson, John D.] Duke Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Ammann, Christof; Fuhrer, Juerg] Fed Res Stn Agroscope Reckenholz Tanikon, CH-8046 Zurich, Switzerland.
[Arain, M. Altaf] McMaster Univ, Sch Geog & Earth Sci, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
[de Araujo, Alessandro C.] Inst Nacl de Pesquisas da Amazonia, BR-69060 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
[Aubinet, Marc; Heinesch, Bernard; Moureaux, Christine] Univ Liege, Unit Biosyst Phys, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
[Laurila, Tuomas; Tuovinen, Juha-Pekka] Finnish Meteorol Inst, FI-00101 Helsinki, Finland.
[Barcza, Zoltan] Eotvos Lorand Univ, Dept Meteorol, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary.
[Barr, Alan] Environm Canada, Div Climate Res, Saskatoon, SK S7N 3H5, Canada.
[Berbigier, Paul] EPHYSE, UR1263, INRA, F-33883 Villenave Dornon, France.
[Beringer, Jason] Monash Univ, Sch Geog & Environm Sci, Clayton, Vic, Australia.
[Bernhofer, Christian] Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Hydrol & Meteorol, D-01737 Tharandt, Germany.
[Black, Andrew T.] Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Bolstad, Paul V.] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Bosveld, Fred C.] Royal Netherlands Meteorol Inst, NL-3730 AE De Bilt, Netherlands.
[Broadmeadow, Mark S. J.; Wilkinson, Matthew] Alice Holt Lodge, Forest Res, Farnham GU10 4LH, Surrey, England.
[Buchmann, Nina; Eugster, Werner; Knohl, Alexander] Inst Plant Sci, ETH, Zurich, Switzerland.
[Burns, Sean P.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
[Cellier, Pierre; Loubet, Benjamin] UMR INRA INA PG, Environm & Arable Crops Unit, F-78850 Thiverval Grignon, France.
[Chen, Jingming] Univ Toronto, Dept Geog, Toronto, ON M5S 3G3, Canada.
[Chen, Jiquan] Univ Toledo, Dept Environm Sci, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
[Ciais, Philippe] CNRS, CEA, UMR, LSCE, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Clement, Robert; Moncrieff, John] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Geosci, Edinburgh EH9 3JU, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Cook, Bruce D.] NASAs Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Biospher Sci Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Curtis, Peter S.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Dail, D. Bryan] Univ Maine, Dept Plant Soil & Environm Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Dellwik, Ebba] Tech Univ Denmark, Wind Energy Div, Riso Natl Lab Sustainable Energy, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
[Delpierre, Nicolas; Dufrene, Eric] Univ Paris 11, Ecol Systemat & Evolut, F-91405 Orsay, France.
[Desai, Ankur R.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Dore, Sabina; Kolb, Thomas; Montes-Helu, Mario] No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry No Arizona Univ, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Dragoni, Danilo] Indiana Univ, Dept Geog, Atmospher Sci Program, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
[Drake, Bert G.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
[Dunn, Allison] Worcester State Coll, Dept Phys & Earth Sci, Worcester, MA 01602 USA.
[Elbers, Jan; Jacobs, Cor] ESS CC, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands.
[Falk, Matthias] Atmospher Sci Grp, UC Davis, LAWR, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Feigenwinter, Christian] Univ Basel, Inst Meteorol, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.
[Flanagan, Lawrence B.] Univ Lethbridge, Dept Biol Sci, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada.
[Foken, Thomas] Univ Bayreuth, Dept Micrometeorol, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany.
[Frank, John; Massman, William J.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Gianelle, Damiano; Zampedri, Roberto] Fdn E Mach, IASMA Res & Innovat Ctr, Environm & Nat Resources Area, I-38010 Trento, Italy.
[Goldstein, Allen] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Goulden, Mike; Randerson, James T.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
[Granier, Andre] Ecol & Ecophysiol Forestier, INRA, UMR 1137, F-54280 Seichamps, France.
[Gruenwald, Thomas] Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Hydrol & Meteorol, Dept Meteorol, D-01737 Dresden, Germany.
[Guo, Haiqiang; Zhao, Bin] Fudan Univ, Inst Biodivers Sci, Minist Educ Key Lab Biodivers Sci & Ecol Engn, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China.
[Hammerle, Albin; Wohlfahrt, Georg] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Ecol, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
[Han, Shijie] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Appl Ecol, Shenyang 110016, Peoples R China.
[Hanan, Niall P.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Haszpra, Laszlo] Hungarian Meteorol Serv, H-1675 Budapest, Hungary.
[Helfter, Carole] Ctr Ecol & Hydrol Edinburgh Bush Estate Penicuik, Penicuik EH26 0QB, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Hendriks, Dimmie] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Hydrol & Geo Environm Sci, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[Hutley, Lindsay B.] Charles Darwin Univ, Sch Environm & Life Sci, Darwin, NT 0909, Australia.
[Ibrom, Andreas; Pilegaard, Kim] Tech Univ Denmark, Biosyst Div, Riso Natl Lab Sustainable Energy, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
[Johansson, Torbjoern; Lindroth, Anders; Moelder, Meelis] Lund Univ, Geobiosphere Sci Ctr, Phys Geog & Ecosyst Anal, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden.
[Jongen, Marjan; Pereira, Joao S.] Univ Tecn Lisboa, Inst Super Agron, P-1349017 Lisbon, Portugal.
[Katul, Gabriel] Duke Univ, Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Kiely, Gerard] Univ Coll Cork, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cork, Ireland.
[Klumpp, Katja; Soussana, Jean-Francois] Unit Agron, INRA, F-63000 Clermont Ferrand, France.
[Klumpp, Katja; Soussana, Jean-Francois] Inst Agrarrelevante Klimaforsch, Johann Heinrich Thunen Inst vTI, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany.
[Lafleur, Peter; Rebmann, Corinna] Trent Univ, Dept Geog, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada.
[Leuning, Ray; Myklebust, May] CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Res, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
[Liu, Heping] Jackson State Univ, Dept Phys Atmospher Sci & Geosci, Jackson, MS 39217 USA.
[Manca, Giovanni] Inst Atmospher Pollut Consiglio Nazl Ric, Rende Div, I-87036 Arcavacata Di Rende, Italy.
[Marek, Michal] Inst Syst Biol & Ecol, Div Ecosyst Processes Lab Plants Ecol Physiol, Ceske Budejovice 370050, Czech Republic.
[Martin, Timothy A.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Matamala, Roser] Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
[Matteucci, Giorgio] Inst Agroenvironm & Forest Biol, Natl Res Council, I-00015 Monterotondo, RM, Italy.
[McCaughey, Harry] Queens Univ, Dept Geog, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
[Merbold, Lutz] Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, D-07745 Jena, Germany.
[Meyers, Tilden] NOAA ATDD, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Migliavacca, Mirco] Univ Milano Bicocca, Remote Sensing Environm Dynam Lab, DISAT, Milan, Italy.
[Miglietta, Franco; Rossi, Federica] Ist Biometeorol, CNR, IBIMET, I-50145 Florence, Italy.
[Misson, Laurent] CEFE, CNRS, F-34293 Montpellier 5, France.
[Monson, Russell K.] Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Montagnani, Leonardo] Serv Forestali, Agenzia Ambiente, I-39100 Bolzano, Italy.
[Montagnani, Leonardo] Free Univ Bozen Bolzano, Fac Sci & Technol, I-39100 Bolzano, Italy.
[Moors, Eddy] Alterra Green World Res, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands.
[Moureaux, Christine] Univ Liege, Unit Crops Management, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
[Mukelabai, Mukufute M.] Zambian Meteorol Dept, Mongu, Zambia.
[Munger, J. William] Harvard Univ, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Nagy, Zoltan; Pinter, Krisztina; Tuba, Zoltan] Agr Univ Godollo, Inst Bot & Ecophysiol, H-2103 Godollo, Hungary.
[Noormets, Asko] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Oechel, Walter] San Diego State Univ, Dept Biol, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
[Oren, Ram; Siqueira, Mario] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm & Earth Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Pallardy, Stephen G.] Univ Missouri, Dept Forestry, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Pio, Casimiro] Univ Aveiro, Dept Environm, P-3810193 Aveiro, Portugal.
[Pio, Casimiro] CESAM, P-3810193 Aveiro, Portugal.
[Pita, Gabriel] Inst Super Tecn, Dept Mech Engn, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal.
[Powell, Thomas L.] Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Rambal, Serge] UMR5175, CNRS, CEFE, DREAM, Montpellier 5, France.
[von Randow, Celso] Natl Inst Space Res, Ctr Earth Syst Sci, BR-12630 Cachoeira Paulista, SP, Brazil.
[Rinne, Janne] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
[Ryel, Ronald J.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Saigusa, Nobuko] Natl Inst Environm Studies, Ctr Global Environm Res, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058506, Japan.
[Sanz, Maria Jose] Ctr Estud Ambient Mediterraneo, E-46980 Paterna, Spain.
[Mugnozza, Giuseppe-Scarascia] Dept Agron Forestry & Land Use, Agr Res Council, I-00184 Rome, Italy.
[Schmid, Hans Peter] Atmospher Environm Res Inst Meteorol, Garmisch Partenkirchen, Germany.
[Schmid, Hans Peter] Climate Res Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Garmisch Partenkirchen, Germany.
[Seufert, Guenther] Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Joint Res Ctr European Commiss, I-21020 Ispra, Italy.
[Starr, Gregory] Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
[Sutton, Mark A.] Atmospher Sci Ctr Ecol & Hydrol CEH, Penicuik EH26 0QB, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Tenhunen, John] Univ Bayreuth, Dept Plant Ecol, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany.
[Valentini, Riccardo] Univ Tuscia, Dept Forest Environm & Resources, I-01100 Viterbo, Italy.
[Vogel, Christoph S.] Univ Michigan Biol Stn, Pellston, MI 49769 USA.
[Wang, Jingxin] Liaoning Normal Univ, Sch Math, Dalian 116039, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Shaoqiang; Wen, Xuefa; Yu, Guirui] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resource Res, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.
[Wang, Weiguo] NOAA, IMSG Natl Ctr Environm Predict, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
[Welp, Lisa R.] Univ Calif, Geosci Res Div, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Wharton, Sonia] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Atmospher Earth & Energy Div, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
[Williams, Christopher A.] Clark Univ, Grad Degree Program Geog, Worcester, MA 01610 USA.
[Yamamoto, Susumu] Okayama Univ, Okayama 7008530, Japan.
[Zhao, Xinquan] Chinese Acad Sci, NW Plateau Inst Biol, Xining 810001, Jiangxi, Peoples R China.
RP Yi, CX (reprint author), CUNY, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Queens Coll, New York, NY 11367 USA.
RI Powell, Thomas/F-9877-2016; Ricciuto, Daniel/I-3659-2016; Munger,
J/H-4502-2013; Hammerle, Albin/N-4345-2016; Soussana,
Jean-Francois/P-2094-2016; Gianelle, Damiano/G-9437-2011; Gu,
Lianhong/H-8241-2014; Goldstein, Allen/A-6857-2011; Oechel,
Walter/F-9361-2010; Goulden, Michael/B-9934-2008; Eugster,
Werner/E-5116-2010; Beringer, Jason/B-8528-2008; Soussana,
Jean-Francois/E-2543-2012; Aurela, Mika/L-4724-2014; Lindroth,
Anders/N-4697-2014; Wohlfahrt, Georg/D-2409-2009; Marek, Michal
V./D-4383-2014; Merbold, Lutz/K-6103-2012; Desai, Ankur/A-5899-2008; Xu,
Xiyan/D-2854-2015; Barr, Alan/H-9939-2014; Seufert, Gunther/J-9918-2013;
Matteucci, Giorgio/N-3526-2015; Sanz Sanchez, Maria Jose/A-6099-2016;
Meyers, Tilden/C-6633-2016; Montagnani, Leonardo/F-1837-2016; Flanagan,
Lawrence/B-1307-2013; Elbers, Jan/D-9477-2013; von Randow,
Celso/B-3335-2009; Pilegaard, Kim/I-7137-2013; Kiely,
Gerard/I-8158-2013; Cook, Bruce/M-4828-2013; Yi, Chuixiang/A-1388-2013;
Zhao, Bin/I-3651-2013; 于, 贵瑞/C-1768-2014; Knohl, Alexander/F-9453-2014;
Barcza, Zoltan/G-3880-2014; Garmisch-Pa, Ifu/H-9902-2014; Li,
Runze/C-5444-2013; Feigenwinter, Christian/A-4606-2012; Valentini,
Riccardo/D-1226-2010; Ibrom, Andreas/A-9850-2011; Leuning,
Ray/A-2793-2008; Pio, Casimiro/A-8135-2008; Hutley, Lindsay/A-7925-2011;
Zhao, Bin/E-5349-2010; Schmid, Hans Peter/I-1224-2012; Migliavacca,
mirco/C-1260-2011; Moors, Eddy/J-5165-2012; Sutton, Mark/K-2700-2012;
Wang, Weiguo/B-4948-2009; Helfter, Carole/A-1835-2010; Rinne,
Janne/A-6302-2008; Chen, Jiquan/D-1955-2009; Ryel, Ronald/A-3422-2008;
Burns, Sean/A-9352-2008; Miglietta, Franco/A-1257-2009; Feigenwinter,
Christian/A-6151-2008; Buchmann, Nina/E-6095-2011; Noormets,
Asko/A-7257-2009; Katul, Gabriel/A-7210-2008;
OI Aires, Luis Miguel Igreja/0000-0003-2052-6045; Kiely,
Gerard/0000-0003-2189-6427; Ibrom, Andreas/0000-0002-1341-921X; Jongen,
Marjan/0000-0003-1026-6622; Pita, Gabriel/0000-0002-2225-5309; Arain, M.
Altaf/0000-0002-1433-5173; rambal, serge/0000-0001-5869-8382; Pereira,
Joao/0000-0002-3658-5587; Powell, Thomas/0000-0002-3516-7164; Ricciuto,
Daniel/0000-0002-3668-3021; Munger, J/0000-0002-1042-8452; Hammerle,
Albin/0000-0003-1963-5906; Soussana, Jean-Francois/0000-0002-1932-6583;
Gianelle, Damiano/0000-0001-7697-5793; Gu, Lianhong/0000-0001-5756-8738;
Goldstein, Allen/0000-0003-4014-4896; Oechel,
Walter/0000-0002-3504-026X; Eugster, Werner/0000-0001-6067-0741;
Beringer, Jason/0000-0002-4619-8361; Lindroth,
Anders/0000-0002-7669-784X; Wohlfahrt, Georg/0000-0003-3080-6702;
Merbold, Lutz/0000-0003-4974-170X; Desai, Ankur/0000-0002-5226-6041; Xu,
Xiyan/0000-0003-2732-1325; Seufert, Gunther/0000-0002-6019-6688;
Matteucci, Giorgio/0000-0002-4790-9540; Sanz Sanchez, Maria
Jose/0000-0003-0471-3094; Montagnani, Leonardo/0000-0003-2957-9071;
Flanagan, Lawrence/0000-0003-1748-0306; Elbers, Jan/0000-0002-0631-3505;
von Randow, Celso/0000-0003-1045-4316; Pilegaard,
Kim/0000-0002-5169-5717; Cook, Bruce/0000-0002-8528-000X; Zhao,
Bin/0000-0002-3530-2469; Knohl, Alexander/0000-0002-7615-8870; Barcza,
Zoltan/0000-0002-1278-0636; Li, Runze/0000-0002-0154-2202; Valentini,
Riccardo/0000-0002-6756-5634; Pio, Casimiro/0000-0002-3531-8620; Hutley,
Lindsay/0000-0001-5533-9886; Schmid, Hans Peter/0000-0001-9076-4466;
Moors, Eddy/0000-0003-2309-2887; Rinne, Janne/0000-0003-1168-7138;
Burns, Sean/0000-0002-6258-1838; Miglietta, Franco/0000-0003-1474-8143;
Feigenwinter, Christian/0000-0003-2447-5492; Noormets,
Asko/0000-0003-2221-2111; Katul, Gabriel/0000-0001-9768-3693; Hanan,
Niall/0000-0002-9130-5306; Goulden, Michael/0000-0002-9379-3948; Martin,
Timothy/0000-0002-7872-4194; Foken, Thomas/0000-0003-4562-9083
FU National Science Foundation [NSF-DEB-0949637]; PSC-CUNY [62787-00 40];
CarboEuropeIP; FAO-GTOS-TCO; iLEAPS; Max Planck Institute for
Biogeochemistry; University of Tuscia; US Department of Energy;
AmeriFlux; Fluxnet-Canada; ChinaFlux; OzFlux; CarboAfrica; AsiaFlux;
Department of Commerce (NOAA); Department of Agriculture (USDA/Forest
Service); NASA; European Commission; Canadian Foundation for Climate and
Atmospheric Sciences (CFCAS); Natural Sciences and Engineering Research
Council (NSERC); BIOCAP Canada (Fluxnet-Canada only); Chinese Academy of
Sciences; Ministry of Science and Technology; Australian Research
Council; Ministry of Agriculture, Forest and Fisheries (MAFF); Ministry
of Industrial Trade and Industry (MITI); Ministry of Education, Science,
Sports and Culture (MESSC); Brazilian Ministry of Science and Technology
(MCT); LBA
FX This work was financially supported in part by the National Science
Foundation (NSF-DEB-0949637) and the PSC-CUNY Faculty Research Award
(Grant No 62787-00 40). This work was based on the database produced by
the La Thuile FLUXNET project, which received financial support of
CarboEuropeIP, FAO-GTOS-TCO, iLEAPS, Max Planck Institute for
Biogeochemistry, National Science Foundation, University of Tuscia, US
Department of Energy. We acknowledge database and technical support from
Berkeley Water Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Microsoft
Research eScience, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of
California-Berkeley, University of Virginia. The following regional
networks were involved with this work: AmeriFlux, CarboEuropeIP,
Fluxnet-Canada, ChinaFlux, OzFlux, CarboAfrica, and AsiaFlux. AmeriFlux,
is sponsored by the United States Departments of Energy (Terrestrial
Carbon Program, National Institutes of Global Environmental Change
(NIGEC), National Institute for Climate Change Research (NICCR)),
Department of Commerce (NOAA), and Department of Agriculture
(USDA/Forest Service), NASA, and the National Science Foundation.
European sites in the NitroEurope, Euroflux and Medeflu projects are
supported by the European Commission Directorate General XII
Environment, Climate Program and the Program CONSOLIDER-INGENIO 2010
(GRACCIE). Canadian sites are sponsored by the Canadian Foundation for
Climate and Atmospheric Sciences (CFCAS), the Natural Sciences and
Engineering Research Council (NSERC), and BIOCAP Canada (Fluxnet-Canada
only). Chinese sites are supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences
and the Ministry of Science and Technology. Australian sites are
supported by the Australian Research Council. The Japanese site is
supported by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forest and Fisheries (MAFF),
the Ministry of Industrial Trade and Industry (MITI), and Ministry of
Education, Science, Sports and Culture (MESSC). The Brazilian site is
supported by the Brazilian Ministry of Science and Technology (MCT) and
the LBA program. We thank the numerous scientists, students, and
technicians responsible for the day-to-day gathering of the flux data,
and the agency representatives who fund the respective projects. Without
the dedicated efforts of so many individuals, this analysis would be
impossible.
NR 45
TC 56
Z9 58
U1 4
U2 132
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1748-9326
J9 ENVIRON RES LETT
JI Environ. Res. Lett.
PD JUL-SEP
PY 2010
VL 5
IS 3
AR 034007
DI 10.1088/1748-9326/5/3/034007
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 655TX
UT WOS:000282273700008
ER
PT J
AU O'Connell, SG
Arendt, M
Segars, A
Kimmel, T
Braun-McNeill, J
Avens, L
Schroeder, B
Ngai, L
Kucklick, JR
Keller, JM
AF O'Connell, Steven G.
Arendt, Michael
Segars, Al
Kimmel, Tricia
Braun-McNeill, Joanne
Avens, Larisa
Schroeder, Barbara
Ngai, Lily
Kucklick, John R.
Keller, Jennifer M.
TI Temporal and Spatial Trends of Perfluorinated Compounds in Juvenile
Loggerhead Sea Turtles (Caretta caretta) along the East Coast of the
United States
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID DOLPHINS TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; ADULT-BLOOD DONORS; PERFLUOROOCTANE
SULFONATE; PERFLUOROALKYL COMPOUNDS; TIME TRENDS; ACIDS; SERUM;
SURFACTANTS; CHEMICALS; OCEAN
AB Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) are globally distributed persistent environmental contaminants. This study provides temporal trends as well as large-scale spatial trends of PFC concentrations in threatened juvenile loggerhead sea turtles near or from Florida Bay (FL Bay), Cape Canaveral (FL), Charleston (SC), Core Sound (NC), and Chesapeake Bay (MD). PFCs were extracted from 163 plasma and serum samples using solid-phase extraction and quantified with LC-MS/MS. Concentrations of six compounds significantly varied by site, with MD or FL Bay turtles having the highest concentrations. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was the predominant PFC at all sites (range: 0.31 ng/g to 39.0 ng/g). FL Bay turtles, compared to other sites, accumulated a unique PFC pattern with a higher proportion of perfluorocarboxylates compared to PFOS. Furthermore, this study was the first to statistically correlate wildlife PFC concentrations with human population, used as a proxy for urbanization and sources of PFCs to the environment. Positive relationships were found in which human population accounted for 75 and 81% of the variance in turtle PFOS and perfluoroundecanoate (PFUnA) concentrations (p = 0.06 and 0.04), respectively. PFOS and perfluorononanoate (PFNA) significantly decreased from 2000-2008 in SC turtles annually by 20 and 11%, respectively (p <= 0.02). Future investigations should continue temporal assessments as PFC regulations change, attempt to pinpoint specific sources and transport pathways in areas with unique PFC patterns, and assess turtle health at sites with higher PFC concentrations.
C1 [O'Connell, Steven G.; Kucklick, John R.; Keller, Jennifer M.] NIST, Div Analyt Chem, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[O'Connell, Steven G.; Ngai, Lily] Coll Charleston, Grice Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Arendt, Michael; Segars, Al] Marine Resources Res Inst, S Carolina Dept Nat Resources, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Kimmel, Tricia] Maryland Dept Nat Resources, Oxford, MD 21654 USA.
[Braun-McNeill, Joanne; Avens, Larisa] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
[Schroeder, Barbara] Off Protected Resources, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Keller, JM (reprint author), NIST, Div Analyt Chem, Hollings Marine Lab, 331 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
RI O'Connell, Steven/D-5346-2013
OI O'Connell, Steven/0000-0003-3573-2677
FU South Carolina Department of Natural Resources; National Marine
Fisheries Service; Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission;
Maryland Department of Natural Resources; National Science Foundation
[DBI-0552828]; Department of Defense ASSURE Program
FX We thank crews and funding for sample collection, including the South
Carolina Department of Natural Resources (David Whitaker, Philip Maier,
Bruce Stender), the National Marine Fisheries Service, the Florida Fish
and Wildlife Conservation Commission, and the Maryland Department of
Natural Resources. "Research Experience for Undergraduate" funding for
Lily Ngai came from the National Science Foundation Award DBI-0552828
and the Department of Defense ASSURE Program. GIS data were gathered
from two public-domain U.S. government websites: USGS
(http://water.usgs.gov/GIS/huc.html), and the U.S. Census Bureau
(http://www.census.gov/geo/www/tiger/index.html). Special thanks go to
Dennis Helsel, Lori Schwacke, Paul Pennington, and Artur Veloso for
statistical advice, Joy Gerheart and Pace Wilber for GIS advice, and
Jessica Reiner for laboratory assistance. Disclaimer: Certain commercial
equipment, instruments, or materials are identified in this paper to
specify adequately the experimental procedure. Such identification does
not imply recommendation or endorsement by the National Institute of
Standards and Technology, nor does it imply that the materials or
equipment identified are necessarily the best available for the purpose.
NR 45
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 1
U2 24
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD JUL 1
PY 2010
VL 44
IS 13
BP 5202
EP 5209
DI 10.1021/es9036447
PG 8
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 617TL
UT WOS:000279304700062
PM 20521819
ER
PT J
AU Bradley, PB
Lomas, MW
Bronk, DA
AF Bradley, Paul B.
Lomas, Michael W.
Bronk, Deborah A.
TI Inorganic and Organic Nitrogen Use by Phytoplankton Along Chesapeake
Bay, Measured Using a Flow Cytometric Sorting Approach
SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Nitrogen uptake; Flow cytometry; Phytoplankton; Bacteria; Dissolved
organic nitrogen; Dissolved inorganic nitrogen
ID AMINO-ACID OXIDATION; HETEROTROPHIC BACTERIA; MARINE-PHYTOPLANKTON;
NATURAL-POPULATIONS; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; PACIFIC-OCEAN; AMMONIUM;
CARBON; NUTRIENT; PLANKTON
AB Two different approaches to measuring phytoplankton nitrogen (N) use were compared in late summer 2004 along the main axis of Chesapeake Bay. Uptake of (15)N-labeled ammonium and nitrate and dual-labeled ((15)N and (13)C) urea and dissolved free amino acids (DFAA) were measured in surface water samples from upper, mid, and lower bay stations. Two distinct methods were used to assess the relative uptake of N substrates by phytoplankton and correct for bacterial artifacts: (1) traditional filtration using Whatman glass fiber (GF/F) filters and (2) flow cytometric (FCM) sorting of chlorophyll-containing cells. The concentration of dissolved inorganic N (DIN) decreased with distance south along the bay, whereas dissolved organic N (DON) concentrations were relatively constant. Absolute N uptake rates measured using the traditional approach exceeded those of FCM-sorted phytoplankton, thereby suggesting the possibility of bacterial "contamination." Ammonium was the dominant N form used throughout the transect, although FCM-sorted phytoplankton relied more on urea and DFAA as the ratio of DON/DIN increased toward the bay mouth. Overall, ammonium comprised 74 +/- 17%, urea 10 +/- 9%, DFAA 9 +/- 7%, and nitrate 7 +/- 12% of total measured N uptake by phytoplankton. Results suggest that bacteria relied primarily on DFAA and ammonium for N nutrition but also used N from urea at a rate similar to that of phytoplankton, whereas bacterial nitrate uptake was insignificant. On average, phytoplankton uptake of ammonium, urea, and DFAA was overestimated by 61%, 53%, and 135%, respectively, as a result of bacterial retention on GF/F filters.
C1 [Bradley, Paul B.] NOAA, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Bronk, Deborah A.] Coll William & Mary, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
[Lomas, Michael W.] Bermuda Inst Ocean Sci, St Georges Ge 01, Bermuda.
RP Bradley, PB (reprint author), NOAA, 1305 EW Highway,Rm 13401, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM paul.bradley@noaa.gov
OI Lomas, Michael/0000-0003-1209-3753
FU US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [FP916328]; National Science
Foundation (NSF) [0752490, EAR-BE 0221825, OCE-0420821]
FX We thank the captain and crew of the R/V Cape Henlopen for help with
sample collection as well as E. Wommack for providing ship time and
space. We also thank D. Walker, M. Sanderson, K. Filippino, Q. Roberts,
and M. Erickson for assistance with sample sorting and laboratory
analyses. We are grateful to K. Wang for providing bacterial abundance
data, W. Coats for providing chlorophyll data, L. Campbell for her
valuable guidance on sorting protocols, and H. Ducklow, I. Anderson, and
D. Steinberg for their comments on the manuscript. P. B. B. was
supported by a fellowship from the US Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA Grant FP916328) under the Science to Achieve Results (STAR)
Graduate Fellowship Program. The EPA has not officially endorsed this
publication, and the views expressed herein may not reflect the views of
the agency. This material is based upon work supported by the National
Science Foundation (NSF) under Grant No. 0752490. Logistical and
analytical support was also provided by NSF grants to D. A. B. (EAR-BE
0221825) and M. W. L. (OCE-0420821). This paper is Contribution No. 3063
of the Virginia Institute of Marine Science, The College of William and
Mary, and Contribution No. 1722 from the Bermuda Institute of Ocean
Sciences.
NR 69
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 4
U2 38
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1559-2723
J9 ESTUAR COAST
JI Estuaries Coasts
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 33
IS 4
BP 971
EP 984
DI 10.1007/s12237-009-9252-y
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 606ZP
UT WOS:000278468300015
ER
PT J
AU Candelmo, AC
Deshpande, A
Dockum, B
Weis, P
Weis, JS
AF Candelmo, Allison C.
Deshpande, Ashok
Dockum, Bruce
Weis, Peddrick
Weis, Judith S.
TI The Effect of Contaminated Prey on Feeding, Activity, and Growth of
Young-of-the-Year Bluefish, Pomatomus saltatrix, in the Laboratory
SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Pomatomus saltatrix; Fish; PCBs; Mercury; Behavior; Growth; Pesticides
ID HUDSON RIVER ESTUARY; NEW-YORK BIGHT; SUMMER-SPAWNED COHORTS; JUVENILE
STRIPED BASS; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; SWIMMING BEHAVIOR; AGE-0
BLUEFISH; FUNDULUS-HETEROCLITUS; CAPTURE SUCCESS; PCB MIXTURES
AB Young-of-the-year (YOY) bluefish, Pomatomus saltatrix, reside in some contaminated estuaries of the mid-Atlantic bight during their early life history, and as a result of this exposure, they may bioaccumulate high levels of contaminants, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), pesticides, and methyl mercury. Young-of-the-year bluefish from the Tuckerton, NJ, area of Great Bay (TK) were fed daily in a laboratory with common prey fish, menhaden, and mummichog from two sites: TK (reference) or Hackensack River (HR) (contaminated). Bluefish fed HR prey and the HR prey themselves had significantly elevated concentrations of PCBs, pesticides, and total mercury compared to TK counterparts. The bluefish fed contaminated prey for 4 months displayed significantly reduced feeding, spontaneous activity, and growth compared to the bluefish fed TK prey. Alterations of bluefish behavior and growth from exposure to contaminants may have detrimental effects on migration, overwinter survival, and recruitment success.
C1 [Candelmo, Allison C.] Rutgers State Univ, Grad Program Ecol & Evolut, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[Deshpande, Ashok; Dockum, Bruce] NOAA Fisheries, James Howard Marine Sci Lab, Highlands, NJ 07732 USA.
[Weis, Peddrick] UMDNJ NJ Med Sch, Dept Radiol, Newark, NJ 07101 USA.
[Candelmo, Allison C.; Weis, Judith S.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Newark, NJ 07102 USA.
RP Candelmo, AC (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Grad Program Ecol & Evolut, 14 Coll Farm Rd, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
EM allicandelmo@yahoo.com
FU Rutgers/NOAA Cooperative Marine Education and Research (CMER)
FX Thank you to the personnel and volunteers at the James Howard Marine
Science Laboratory (NOAA/National Marine Fisheries Service), Rutgers
University, and Meadowlands Environmental Research Institute (MERI)/New
Jersey Meadowlands Commission (NJMC) for their assistance with fish
collection, laboratory experiments, and advise. This work would not have
been possible without their help, including C. Bass, L. Bergey, T.
Cleary, M. Schafer, L. Church, J. Macdonald, J. Misuik, B. Phelan, T.
Proctor, J. Reichmuth, A. Rowan, R. Roudez, D. Wieczorek, C. Woolcott,
and especially B. Bragin (NJMC) for his many hours spent sampling on the
HR, and J. Rosendale (NMFS) for his advice and assistance. Thank you to
Rebecca Jordan for valuable editorial input. This project was supported
by a Rutgers/NOAA Cooperative Marine Education and Research (CMER)
Program grant.
NR 65
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 9
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1559-2723
J9 ESTUAR COAST
JI Estuaries Coasts
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 33
IS 4
BP 1025
EP 1038
DI 10.1007/s12237-010-9292-3
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 606ZP
UT WOS:000278468300018
ER
PT J
AU Chih, CP
AF Chih, Ching-Ping
TI Incorporating effective sample sizes into sampling designs for reef fish
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Effective sample size; Dispersion index; Sampling efficiency; Cluster
sampling; Length frequency distribution
ID COMMERCIAL CATCH; PRECISION; DISTRIBUTIONS
AB Reef fisheries are usually sampled via two stage cluster sampling. Sampling efficiency for cluster sampling is low because of non-independence among fish samples collected from individual clusters/trips. This study establishes a new procedure for incorporating effective sample sizes into cluster sampling designs. The first step in this new procedure is to examine the degree of non-independence, the within and between trip variability, and the effective sample sizes of historical cluster samples to identify factors that influence sampling efficiency. The second step is to examine how changes in the effective sample size influence the precision of the length frequency distribution. The third step is to evaluate how different sampling designs change effective sample sizes. In general, the trip sample size should be small when the within trip variability is low. The number of sampling trips should be large when between trip variability is high. However, an optimum sampling design is also subject to limitations in cost and sampling opportunities. The procedures established here can also be applied to fishery independent surveys. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 NOAA, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Chih, CP (reprint author), NOAA, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 75 Virginia Beach Dr, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
EM Ching-Ping.Chih@noaa.gov
NR 20
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 105
IS 2
BP 102
EP 110
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2010.03.008
PG 9
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 628OG
UT WOS:000280129200005
ER
PT J
AU Hobbs, RC
Waite, JM
AF Hobbs, Roderick C.
Waite, Janice M.
TI Abundance of harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) in three Alaskan
regions, corrected for observer errors due to perception bias and
species misidentification, and corrected for animals submerged from view
SO FISHERY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID CALIFORNIA; WASHINGTON; AERIAL
AB Estimating the abundance of cetaceans from aerial survey data requires careful attention to survey design and analysis. Once an aerial observer perceives a marine mammal or group of marine mammals, he or she has only a few seconds to identify and enumerate the individuals sighted, as well as to determine the distance to the sighting and record this information. In line-transect survey analyses, it is assumed that the observer has correctly identified and enumerated the group or individual. We describe methods used to test this assumption and how survey data should be adjusted to account for observer errors. Harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) were censused during aerial surveys in the summer of 1997 in Southeast Alaska (9844 km survey effort), in the summer oft 1998 in the Gulf of Alaska (10,127 km), and in the summer of 1999 in the Bering Sea (7849 km). Sightings of harbor porpoise during a beluga whale (Phocoena phocoena) survey in 1998 (1355 km) provided data on harbor porpoise abundance in Cook Inlet for the Gulf of Alaska stock. Sightings by primary observers at side windows were compared to an independent observer at a belly window to estimate the probability of in underestimation of group size, and the probability that porpoise on the surface at the trackline were missed (perception bias, g(0)). There were 129, 96, and 201 sightings of harbor porpoises in the three stock areas, respectively. Both g(0) and effective strip width (the realized width of the survey track) depended on survey year, and g(0) also depended on the visibility reported by observers. Harbor porpoise abundance in 1997-99 was estimated at 11,146 animals for the Southeast Alaska stock, 31,046 animals for the Gulf of Alaska stock, and 48,515 animals for the Bering Sea stock.
C1 [Hobbs, Roderick C.; Waite, Janice M.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Hobbs, RC (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM Rod.Hobbs@noaa.gov
FU National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration
FX Funding for this project was provided by Recover Protected Species
Program, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration. We thank A. Andriolo, R. Angliss, K. Forney,
K. Leinbach, J. Lerczak, L. Litzky, M. Merklein, S. Moore, S. Norman, D.
Rugh, K. Shelden, V. Vanek, P. Wade, and K. Wynne for participating as
observers. We thank K. Shelden for acting as field team leader on
several occasions. We thank the pilots of the NOAA Twin Otter (M. Finn,
J. Hagan, P. Hall, J. Longenecker, M. Moran, M. Pickett, and T. Strong)
for their dedication and excellent handling of the aircraft. D. De
Master, S. Moore, D. Rugh, J. Laake, and N. Friday provided valuable
reviews of this manuscript. This research was conducted under permit no.
782-1438 issued by the National Marine Fisheries Service.
NR 12
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 14
PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE
PI SEATTLE
PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA
SN 0090-0656
J9 FISH B-NOAA
JI Fish. Bull.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 108
IS 3
BP 251
EP 267
PG 17
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 624YF
UT WOS:000279857500001
ER
PT J
AU Poisson, F
Gaertner, JC
Taquet, M
Durbec, JP
Bigelow, K
AF Poisson, Francois
Gaertner, Jean-Claude
Taquet, Marc
Durbec, Jean-Pierre
Bigelow, Keith
TI Effects of lunar cycle and fishing operations on longline-caught pelagic
fish: fishing performance, capture time, and survival of fish
SO FISHERY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID SWORDFISH XIPHIAS-GLADIUS; MARLIN TETRAPTURUS-AUDAX; WESTERN
NORTH-ATLANTIC; SHARK PRIONACE-GLAUCA; CATCH RATES; POSTRELEASE
SURVIVAL; MEDITERRANEAN SEA; HAWAIIAN-ISLANDS; FEEDING ECOLOGY;
FISHERIES
AB Commercial longline fishing data were analyzed and experiments were conducted with gear equipped with hook timers and time-depth recorders in the Reunion Island fishery (21 degrees 5'S lat., 53 degrees 28'E long.) to elucidate direct and indirect effects of the lunar cycle and other operational factors that affect catch rates, catch composition, fish behavior, capture time, and fish survival. Logbook data from 1998 through 2000, comprising 2009 sets, indicated that swordfish (Xiphias gladius) catch-per unit of effort (CPUE) increased during the first and last quarter of the lunar phase, whereas albacore (Thunnus alalunga) CPUE was highest during the full moon. Swordfish were caught rapidly after the longline was set and, like bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus), they were caught during days characterized by a weak lunar illumination-mainly during low tide. We found a significant but very low influence of chemical lightsticks on CPUE and catch composition. At the time the longline was retrieved, six of the 11 species in the study had >40% survival. Hook timers indicated that only 8.4% of the swordfish were alive after 8 hours of capture, and two shark species (blue shark [Prionace glauca] and oceanic whitetip shark [Carcharhinus longimanus]) showed a greater resilience to capture: 29.3% and 23.5% were alive after 8 hours, respectively. Our results have implications for current fishing practices and we comment on the possibilities of modifying fishing strategies in order to reduce operational costs, bycatch, loss of target fish at sea, and detrimental impacts on the environment.
C1 [Poisson, Francois] IFREMER, Ctr Rech Halieut Mediterraneen & Trop, F-34203 Sete, France.
[Gaertner, Jean-Claude; Durbec, Jean-Pierre] Ctr Oceanol Marseille, LMGEM, UMR CNRS 6117, Marine Endoume Stn, F-13007 Marseille, France.
[Taquet, Marc] IFREMER, Ctr Pacifique, Taravao 98719, Fr Polynesia.
[Bigelow, Keith] NOAA, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Poisson, F (reprint author), IFREMER, Ctr Rech Halieut Mediterraneen & Trop, BP 171,Av Jean Monnet, F-34203 Sete, France.
EM Francois.Poisson@ifremer.fr
RI Taquet, Marc/N-3797-2013
FU European Union; Conseils Regional; General de La Reunion; fishing
industry of Reunion Island; University of Perpignan, France
FX Funding for the PPR programme was supported by the European Union
(FEDER), the Conseils Regional, and General de La Reunion. We express
our gratitude to the fishing industry of Reunion Island for their
outstanding support. We are very grateful to J. F. Reynaud, C. Marjolet,
D. Guyomard, and M. Vanpouille for their work completed within the
framework of the project. We also acknowledge R. Galzin (University of
Perpignan, France) for his support. We thank M. Musyl for providing
helpful advice. We thank the editor and the three anonymous reviewers
who improved the manuscript with insightful suggestions and P. Lopez for
his input on the improvement of the illustrations.
NR 57
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 18
PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE
PI SEATTLE
PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA
SN 0090-0656
J9 FISH B-NOAA
JI Fish. Bull.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 108
IS 3
BP 268
EP 281
PG 14
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 624YF
UT WOS:000279857500002
ER
PT J
AU Patrick, WS
Spencer, P
Link, J
Cope, J
Field, J
Kobayashi, D
Lawson, P
Gedamke, T
Cortes, E
Ormseth, O
Bigelow, K
Overholtz, W
AF Patrick, Wesley S.
Spencer, Paul
Link, Jason
Cope, Jason
Field, John
Kobayashi, Donald
Lawson, Peter
Gedamke, Todd
Cortes, Enric
Ormseth, Olav
Bigelow, Keith
Overholtz, William
TI Using productivity and susceptibility indices to assess the
vulnerability of United States fish stocks to overfishing
SO FISHERY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID AUSTRALIAN TRAWL FISHERY; EXTINCTION RISK; LIFE-HISTORY; ELASMOBRANCH
BYCATCH; DECISION-MAKING; MARINE FISHES; DELPHI METHOD; REEF FISHES;
MANAGEMENT; PATTERNS
AB Assessing the vulnerability of stocks to fishing practices in U.S. federal waters was recently highlighted by the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, as an important factor to consider when 1) identifying stocks that should be managed and protected under a fishery management plan; 2) grouping data-poor stocks into relevant management complexes; and 3) developing precautionary harvest control rules. To assist the regional fishery management councils in determining vulnerability, NMFS elected to use a modified version of a productivity and susceptibility analysis (PSA) because it can be based on qualitative data, has a history of use in other fisheries, and is recommended by several organizations as a reasonable approach for evaluating risk. A number of productivity and susceptibility attributes for a stock are used in a PSA and from these attributes, index scores and measures of uncertainty are computed and graphically displayed. To demonstrate the utility of the resulting vulnerability evaluation, we evaluated six U.S. fisheries targeting 162 stocks that exhibited varying degrees of productivity and susceptibility, and for which data quality varied. Overall, the PSA was capable of differentiating the vulnerability of stocks along the gradient of susceptibility and productivity indices, although fixed thresholds separating low-, moderate-, and highly vulnerable species were not observed. The PSA can be used as a flexible tool that can incorporate regional-specific information on fishery and management activity.
C1 [Patrick, Wesley S.] NOAA, Off Sustainable Fisheries, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Spencer, Paul; Ormseth, Olav] NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Link, Jason; Overholtz, William] NOAA, NE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Cope, Jason] NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Field, John] NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Kobayashi, Donald; Bigelow, Keith] NOAA, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Lawson, Peter] NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
[Gedamke, Todd] NOAA, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Cortes, Enric] NOAA, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Panama City, FL 32408 USA.
RP Patrick, WS (reprint author), NOAA, Off Sustainable Fisheries, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 1315 East West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM Wesley.Patrick@noaa.gov
NR 52
TC 58
Z9 61
U1 0
U2 24
PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE
PI SEATTLE
PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA
SN 0090-0656
J9 FISH B-NOAA
JI Fish. Bull.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 108
IS 3
BP 305
EP 322
PG 18
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 624YF
UT WOS:000279857500004
ER
PT J
AU Munroe, TA
Ross, SW
AF Munroe, Thomas A.
Ross, Steve W.
TI Distribution and life history of two diminutive flatfishes,
Citharichthys gymnorhinus and C. cornutus (Pleuronectiformes:
Paralichthyidae), in the western North Atlantic
SO FISHERY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID STATES CONTINENTAL-SHELF; FISH ASSEMBLAGES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; LARVAL FISH;
NEW-ENGLAND; CAROLINA; BOTHIDAE; COMMUNITY; RECORDS; WATERS
AB Citharichthys cornutus and C. gymnorhinus, diminutive flatfishes inhabiting continental shelves in the western Atlantic Ocean, are infrequently reported and poorly known. We identified 594 C. cornutus in 56 different field collections (68-287 m; most between 101-200 m) off the eastern United States, Bahamas, and eastern Caribbean Sea. Historical records and recently captured specimens document the northern geographic range of adults on the shelf off New jersey (40 degrees N, 70 degrees W). Citharichthys cornutus measured 17.2-81.3 mm standard length (SL); males (20.0-79.1 mm SL) and females (28.0-81.3 mm SL) attain similar sizes (sex could not be determined for fish < 20 mm SL). Males reach nearly 100% maturity at >= 60 mm SL. The smallest mature females are 41.5 mm SL, and by 55.1 mm SL virtually all are mature. Juveniles are found with adults on the outer shelf. Only 214 C. gymnorhinus were located in 42 different field collections (35-201 m, with 90% between 61 and 120 m) off the east coast of the United States, Bahamas, and eastern Caribbean Sea. Adults are found as far north as the shelf off Cape Hatteras, NC (35 degrees N, 75 degrees W). This diminutive species (to 52.4 mm SL) is among the smallest flatfishes but males (n=131; 20.3-52.4 mm SL) attain a slightly larger maximum size than that of females (n=58; 26.2-48.0 mm SL). Males begin to mature between 29 and 35 mm SL and reach 100% maturity by 35-40 mm SL. Some females are mature at 29 mm SL, and all females > 35.1 mm SL are mature. Overlooked specimens in museum collections and literature enabled us to correct long-standing inaccuracies in northern distributional limits that appear in contemporary literature and electronic data bases for these species. Associated locality-data for these specimens allow for proper evaluation of distributional information for these species in relation to hypotheses regarding shifts in species ranges due to climate change effects.
C1 [Munroe, Thomas A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Systemat Lab NMFS NEFSC, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Ross, Steve W.] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Marine Sci, Wilmington, NC 28409 USA.
RP Munroe, TA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Systemat Lab NMFS NEFSC, POB 37012,NHB,WC 57,MRC-153, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM munroet@si.edu
FU U.S. Geological Survey; NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration
FX We thank the following individuals who provided information or assisted
with specimens, data, and information regarding collections or databases
in their care: M. Fahay, J. Finan, J. Galbraith, P. Gerdes, A. Harold,
K. Hartel, W. Kramer, J.D. Lyons, D. Machowski, J. Moore, K. Murphy, R.
Robins, M. A. Rogers, W. Starnes, M. Underwood, R. Worthen, D. Wyanski,
and M. Zokan. D. Steere, M. Rosen, S. Dawicki, and C. Struthers assisted
with locating library references. J. Brown, D. Walker, and M. Vecchione
provided assistance locating nautical charts; M. Rhode, M. Partyka, M.
Carlson, and M. Nizinski assisted with figure preparations; S. Raredon
provided photographs; A. Quattrini and L. Willis assisted with various
aspects of this study. Partial support for recent sampling was provided
by the U.S. Geological Survey and NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration
(grants to S.W. Ross). Special thanks are extended to the Ecosystems
Survey Branch, NMFS, Woods Hole, for providing specimens and data from
their long-term synoptic surveys of the continental shelf off the
eastern United States. We also extend our appreciation to all those who
collected fishes that were used in this study.
NR 61
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 4
PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE
PI SEATTLE
PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA
SN 0090-0656
J9 FISH B-NOAA
JI Fish. Bull.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 108
IS 3
BP 323
EP 345
PG 23
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 624YF
UT WOS:000279857500005
ER
PT J
AU Passerotti, MS
Carlson, JK
Piercy, AN
Campana, SE
AF Passerotti, Michelle S.
Carlson, John K.
Piercy, Andrew N.
Campana, Steven E.
TI Age validation of great hammerhead shark (Sphyrna mokarran), determined
by bomb radiocarbon analysis
SO FISHERY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID WESTERN NORTH-ATLANTIC; LAMNA-NASUS; CHRONOLOGIES; VERTEBRAE; GROWTH;
OCEAN; COAST
AB Preliminary validation of annual growth band deposition in vertebrae of great hammerhead shark (Sphyrna mokarran) was conducted by using bomb radiocarbon analysis. Adult specimens (n=2) were collected and thin sections of vertebral centra were removed for visual aging and use in radiocarbon assays. Vertebral band counts were used to estimate age, and year of formation was assigned to each growth band by subtracting estimated age from the year of capture. A total of 10 samples were extracted from growth bands and analyzed for Delta C-14. Calculated Delta C-14 values from dated bands were compared to known-age reference chronologies, and the resulting patterns indicated annual periodicity of growth bands up to a minimum age of 42 years. Trends in Delta C-14 across time in individual specimens indicated that vertebral radiocarbon is conserved through time but that habitat and diet may influence Delta C-14 levels in elasmobranchs. Although the age validation reported here must be considered preliminary because of the small sample size and narrow age range of individuals sampled, it represents the first confirmation of age in S. mokarran, further illustrating the usefulness of bomb radiocarbon analysis as a tool for life history studies in elasmobranchs.
C1 [Passerotti, Michelle S.; Carlson, John K.] NOAA, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Panama City, FL 32408 USA.
[Piercy, Andrew N.] Univ Florida, Florida Program Shark Res, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Campana, Steven E.] Bedford Inst Oceanog, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada.
RP Passerotti, MS (reprint author), NOAA, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 3500 Delwood Beach Rd, Panama City, FL 32408 USA.
EM Michelle.Passerotti@noaa.gov
RI Campana, Steven/C-3420-2013
OI Campana, Steven/0000-0001-8802-3976
FU Southeast Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service,
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
FX We thank observers of the National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, for
obtaining samples from the directed shark longline fishery. W. Joyce
provided technical assistance in sample processing. Funding was provided
by the Southeast Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries
Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
NR 21
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 6
U2 19
PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE
PI SEATTLE
PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA
SN 0090-0656
EI 1937-4518
J9 FISH B-NOAA
JI Fish. Bull.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 108
IS 3
BP 346
EP 351
PG 6
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 624YF
UT WOS:000279857500006
ER
PT J
AU Williams, K
Rooper, CN
Towler, R
AF Williams, Kresimir
Rooper, Christopher N.
Towler, Rick
TI Use of stereo camera systems for assessment of rockfish abundance in
untrawlable areas and for recording pollock behavior during midwater
trawls
SO FISHERY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID PERCH SEBASTES-ALUTUS; FISH LENGTH; PRECISION; ACCURACY; VIDEO; FIELD
AB We describe the application of two types of stereo camera Systems in fisheries research, including the design, calibration, analysis techniques, and precision of the data obtained with these systems. The first is a stereo video system deployed by using a quick-responding winch with a live feed to provide species- and size-composition data adequate to produce acoustically based biomass estimates of rockfish. This system was tested on the eastern Bering Sea slope where rockfish were measured. Rockfish sizes were similar to those sampled with a bottom trawl and the relative error in multiple measurements of the same rockfish in multiple still-frame images was small. Measurement errors of up to 5.5% were found on a calibration target of known size. The second system consisted of a pair of still-image digital cameras mounted inside a midwater trawl. Processing of the stereo images allowed fish length, fish orientation in relation to the camera platform, and relative distance of the fish to the trawl netting to be determined. The video system was useful for surveying fish in Alaska, but it could also be used broadly in other situations where it is difficult to obtain species-composition or size-composition information. Likewise, the still-image system could be used for fisheries research to obtain data on size, position, and orientation of fish.
C1 [Williams, Kresimir; Rooper, Christopher N.; Towler, Rick] NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Williams, K (reprint author), NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM Kresimir.Williams@noaa.gov
NR 18
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 8
PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE
PI SEATTLE
PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA
SN 0090-0656
J9 FISH B-NOAA
JI Fish. Bull.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 108
IS 3
BP 352
EP 362
PG 11
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 624YF
UT WOS:000279857500007
ER
PT J
AU Ensenberger, MG
Thompson, J
Hill, B
Homick, K
Kearney, V
Mayntz-Press, KA
Mazur, P
McGuckian, A
Myers, J
Raley, K
Raley, SG
Rothove, R
Wilson, J
Wieczorek, D
Fulmer, PM
Storts, DR
Krenke, BE
AF Ensenberger, Martin G.
Thompson, Jonelle
Hill, Becky
Homick, Kristen
Kearney, Veronica
Mayntz-Press, Kathleen A.
Mazur, Paul
McGuckian, Amy
Myers, Jelena
Raley, Kelli
Raley, Stewart G.
Rothove, Robin
Wilson, Jonathan
Wieczorek, Doug
Fulmer, Patricia M.
Storts, Douglas R.
Krenke, Benjamin E.
TI Developmental validation of the PowerPlex (R) 16 HS System: An improved
16-locus fluorescent STR multiplex
SO FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL-GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Forensic science; DNA typing; Short tandem repeat (STR); Polymerase
chain reaction (PCR); Validation; PowerPlex (R); CODIS
ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; DNA; PURIFICATION; CONCORDANCE; SAMPLES
AB STR multiplexes remain the cornerstone of genotyping forensic samples. The PowerPlex (R) 16 HS System contains the core CODIS loci: D3S1358, D5S818, D7S820, D8S1179, D13S317, D16S539, D18S51, D21S11, CSF1PO, FGA, TH01, TPOX, and vWA. Additional loci amplified in the multiplex reaction are the sex-determinant locus, amelogenin, and two pentanucleotide STR loci, Penta D and Penta E. The PowerPlex (R) 16 HS System is an updated version of the PowerPlex 16 (R) System; while the primers and dyes remain unchanged, it introduces an enhanced buffer system that includes hot-start Taq DNA polymerase and ensures robust performance. Due to the modification of the reaction mix, a multi-laboratory developmental validation study was completed to document performance capabilities and limitations for the revised assay. Data within this validation was generated by eight laboratories and served as the basis for the following conclusions: genotyping of single-source samples was consistent across a large range of template DNA concentrations with most laboratories obtaining complete profiles at 62.5 pg. Mixture analyses showed that over 90% of minor alleles were detected at 1: 9 ratios. Optimum amplification cycle number was ultimately dependent on the sensitivity of the detection instrument and could be adjusted to accommodate a range of DNA template concentrations. Reaction conditions including volume and annealing temperature as well as the concentrations of primers, Taq DNA polymerase, and magnesium were shown to be optimal and able to withstand moderate variations without affecting multiplexed STR amplification. Finally, data from non-probative samples and concordance studies showed consistent results when comparing the PowerPlex (R) 16 HS System with the PowerPlex (R) 16 System as well as other commercially available systems. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ensenberger, Martin G.; Thompson, Jonelle; Wieczorek, Doug; Fulmer, Patricia M.; Storts, Douglas R.; Krenke, Benjamin E.] Promega Corp, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
[Hill, Becky] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Homick, Kristen; Mazur, Paul] Erie Cty Cent Police Serv, Forens Lab, Buffalo, NY 14203 USA.
[Kearney, Veronica; Myers, Jelena] Tucson Police Dept, Tucson, AZ 85701 USA.
[Mayntz-Press, Kathleen A.; Raley, Kelli; Raley, Stewart G.] Arizona Dept Publ Safety, Phoenix, AZ 85009 USA.
[McGuckian, Amy] Palm Beach Cty Sheriffs Off, W Palm Beach, FL 33406 USA.
[Rothove, Robin] Missouri State Highway Patrol Crime Lab Div, Jefferson City, MO 65101 USA.
[Wilson, Jonathan] Tulsa Police Dept, Forens Lab, Tulsa, OK 74103 USA.
RP Ensenberger, MG (reprint author), Promega Corp, 2800 Woods Hollow Rd, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
EM martin.ensenberger@promega.com
NR 26
TC 35
Z9 36
U1 1
U2 16
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 1872-4973
J9 FORENSIC SCI INT-GEN
JI Forensic Sci. Int.-Genet.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 4
IS 4
BP 257
EP 264
DI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2009.10.007
PG 8
WC Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Legal
SC Genetics & Heredity; Legal Medicine
GA 608OB
UT WOS:000278592500006
PM 20457027
ER
PT J
AU Abdulagatov, IM
Azizov, ND
AF Abdulagatov, I. M.
Azizov, N. D.
TI Density of rocket propellant (RP-1 fuel) at high temperatures and high
pressures
SO FUEL
LA English
DT Article
DE Constant-volume piezometer; Density; Rocket propellant (RP-1); Thermal
decomposition
ID APPARENT MOLAR VOLUMES; 30 MPA; 573 K; MIXTURES; AVIATION; WATER; S-8
AB Density of rocket propellant (RP-1 fuel) has been measured with a constant-volume piezometer immersed in a precision liquid thermostat. Measurements were made in the temperature range from 301 to 745 K and at pressures up to 60 MPa. The uncertainty of density, pressure, and temperature measurements were estimated to be 0.1%, 0.05%, and 15 mK, respectively. The measured values of density were compared with the data reported in the literature and with the values calculated from a surrogate mixture model (equation of state). The average absolute deviation (AAD) between the present data and the values reported in the literature was 0.13%. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Abdulagatov, I. M.] Russian Acad Sci, Dagestan Sci Ctr, Makhachkala, Dagestan, Russia.
[Azizov, N. D.] Azerbaijan State Oil Acad, AZ-1010 Baku, Azerbaijan.
RP Abdulagatov, IM (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Thermophys Properties Div, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM ilmutdin@boulder.nist.gov
FU NIST
FX Abdulagatov I. M. thanks the Thermophysical Properties Division at the
National Institute of Standards and Technology for the opportunity to
work as a Guest Researcher at NIST during the course of this research.
The authors also thank Dr. Magee, Dr. Lemmon, and Dr. Huber for the
helpful discussions and providing the sample and surrogate model for RP-
1. Part of this work was financially supported by the NIST.
NR 22
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0016-2361
J9 FUEL
JI Fuel
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 89
IS 7
BP 1731
EP 1735
DI 10.1016/j.fuel.2009.06.015
PG 5
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 589YC
UT WOS:000277189100053
ER
PT J
AU MacWilliams, BA
Shuckra, AL
Mavor, TP
AF MacWilliams, B. A.
Shuckra, A. L.
Mavor, T. P.
TI A regression method for strength comparisons in children
SO GAIT & POSTURE
LA English
DT Article
DE Dynamometry; Strength; Typically developing; Regression
ID SPASTIC CEREBRAL-PALSY
AB A method to estimate means and variance of strength based on anthropometric data is presented. The method is applied using a database of 10 lower extremity strength measures recorded from 48 typically developing children with a handheld dynamometer. Seven anthropometric variables are considered, and the combination of height and BMI is determined as a set of variables best suited to model these muscle groups. This regression scheme accounts for 45-58% of the observed variance. A clinical example illustrating the utility of the method is presented. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [MacWilliams, B. A.; Shuckra, A. L.] Shriners Hosp Children, Mot Anal Lab, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
[MacWilliams, B. A.] Univ Utah, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
[Mavor, T. P.] NOAA NESDIS, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Mavor, T. P.] IMSG Inc, Rockville, MD USA.
RP MacWilliams, BA (reprint author), Shriners Hosp Children Salt Lake City, Movement Anal Lab, Fairfax Rd & Virginia St, Salt Lake City, UT 84103 USA.
EM bmacwilliams@shrinenet.org
OI MacWilliams, Bruce/0000-0001-6565-306X
NR 10
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0966-6362
J9 GAIT POSTURE
JI Gait Posture
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 32
IS 3
BP 416
EP 418
DI 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2010.06.001
PG 3
WC Neurosciences; Orthopedics; Sport Sciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics; Sport Sciences
GA 670WR
UT WOS:000283459100027
PM 20591672
ER
PT J
AU Luckenbach, JA
Dickey, JT
Swanson, P
AF Luckenbach, J. Adam
Dickey, Jon T.
Swanson, Penny
TI Regulation of pituitary GnRH receptor and gonadotropin subunits by IGF1
and GnRH in prepubertal male coho salmon
SO GENERAL AND COMPARATIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 2nd International Symposium for Fish Growth and Reproduction
CY JUN 20-21, 2009
CL Univ Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PEOPLES R CHINA
HO Univ Hong Kong
DE Insulin-like growth factor; Gonadotropin-releasing hormone; HPG axis;
Pituitary; Follicle-stimulating hormone; Puberty; Growth; Teleost
ID GROWTH-FACTOR-I; FOLLICLE-STIMULATING-HORMONE; TROUT
ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; POSSIBLE METABOLIC SIGNAL; EARLY SEXUAL-MATURATION;
SPRING CHINOOK SALMON; TIME RT-PCR; GENE-EXPRESSION;
LUTEINIZING-HORMONE; GTH-II
AB Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) is a key somatotropic hormone that may convey growth status to the reproductive endocrine system. This study examined effects of IGF1 alone or in combination with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) on pituitary transcripts for GnRH receptor (GnRHR) variants, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), growth hormone (GH), and IGF, as well as secretion of FSH in vitro. Three experiments were conducted with dispersed pituitary cells of prepubertal male coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) to determine the time course of the response to IGF1, IGF1 concentration response, and GnRH concentration response. IGF1 consistently elevated pituitary transcripts for gnrhr1 and the four gonadotropin subunits (fshb, lhb, cga1, and cga2) by day 10 of culture, while suppressing gh and igf2. Short-term treatment with GnRH (24 h) induced minor increases in transcripts for fshb, ego?, and cga2, but suppressed lhb and strongly inhibited gnrhr1 expression. IGF1 significantly increased GnRH-stimulated FSH protein release by the pituitary cells, although not as robustly as previously observed in more reproductively advanced salmon. Our results demonstrate that IGF1 increases steady-state mRNA levels of gnrhr1 and four gonadotropin subunits, and may act alone or with GnRH to increase pituitary FSH release in male coho salmon, over 1 year before puberty. These findings suggest that IGF1 may prime pituitary gonadotrope cells of prepubertal salmon to respond to GnRH by stimulating synthesis of GnRHR and FSH during puberty onset. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Luckenbach, J. Adam] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Physiol Program, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Luckenbach, J. Adam; Dickey, Jon T.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Swanson, Penny] Washington State Univ, Ctr Reprod Biol, Pullman, WA 98164 USA.
RP Luckenbach, JA (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Physiol Program, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM adam.luckenbach@noaa.gov
NR 65
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 16
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0016-6480
J9 GEN COMP ENDOCR
JI Gen. Comp. Endocrinol.
PD JUL 1
PY 2010
VL 167
IS 3
BP 387
EP 396
DI 10.1016/j.ygcen.2009.09.010
PG 10
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 612CT
UT WOS:000278875100009
PM 19800342
ER
PT J
AU Morin, PA
Archer, FI
Foote, AD
Vilstrup, J
Allen, EE
Wade, P
Durban, J
Parsons, K
Pitman, R
Li, L
Bouffard, P
Nielsen, SCA
Rasmussen, M
Willerslev, E
Gilbert, MTP
Harkins, T
AF Morin, Phillip A.
Archer, Frederick I.
Foote, Andrew D.
Vilstrup, Julia
Allen, Eric E.
Wade, Paul
Durban, John
Parsons, Kim
Pitman, Robert
Li, Lewyn
Bouffard, Pascal
Nielsen, Sandra C. Abel
Rasmussen, Morten
Willerslev, Eske
Gilbert, M. Thomas P.
Harkins, Timothy
TI Complete mitochondrial genome phylogeographic analysis of killer whales
(Orcinus orca) indicates multiple species
SO GENOME RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID POPULATION GENETIC-STRUCTURE; PRINCE-WILLIAM-SOUND; EVOLUTIONARY
PROCESSES; FEEDING ECOLOGY; DNA SEQUENCES; MUTATION-RATE; DIVERSITY;
MAMMALS; CONSERVATION; DIVERGENCE
AB Killer whales (Orcinus orca) currently comprise a single, cosmopolitan species with a diverse diet. However, studies over the last 30 yr have revealed populations of sympatric "ecotypes'' with discrete prey preferences, morphology, and behaviors. Although these ecotypes avoid social interactions and are not known to interbreed, genetic studies to date have found extremely low levels of diversity in the mitochondrial control region, and few clear phylogeographic patterns worldwide. This low level of diversity is likely due to low mitochondrial mutation rates that are common to cetaceans. Using killer whales as a case study, we have developed a method to readily sequence, assemble, and analyze complete mitochondrial genomes from large numbers of samples to more accurately assess phylogeography and estimate divergence times. This represents an important tool for wildlife management, not only for killer whales but for many marine taxa. We used high-throughput sequencing to survey whole mitochondrial genome variation of 139 samples from the North Pacific, North Atlantic, and southern oceans. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that each of the known ecotypes represents a strongly supported clade with divergence times ranging from; similar to 150,000 to 700,000 yr ago. We recommend that three named ecotypes be elevated to full species, and that the remaining types be recognized as subspecies pending additional data. Establishing appropriate taxonomic designations will greatly aid in understanding the ecological impacts and conservation needs of these important marine predators. We predict that phylogeographic mitogenomics will become an important tool for improved statistical phylogeography and more precise estimates of divergence times.
C1 [Morin, Phillip A.; Archer, Frederick I.; Pitman, Robert] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Morin, Phillip A.; Allen, Eric E.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Foote, Andrew D.; Vilstrup, Julia; Nielsen, Sandra C. Abel; Rasmussen, Morten; Willerslev, Eske; Gilbert, M. Thomas P.] Univ Copenhagen, Ctr GeoGenet, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Foote, Andrew D.] Univ Aberdeen, Aberdeen IV11 8YJ, Scotland.
[Wade, Paul; Durban, John; Parsons, Kim] NOAA Fisheries, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Li, Lewyn; Bouffard, Pascal] 454 Life Sci Roche, Branford, CT 06405 USA.
[Harkins, Timothy] Roche Appl Sci, Indianapolis, IN 46250 USA.
RP Morin, PA (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM phillip.morin@noaa.gov
RI Parsons, Kim/A-8050-2011; Gilbert, Marcus/A-8936-2013;
OI Gilbert, Marcus/0000-0002-5805-7195; Vilstrup, Julia/0000-0001-6534-8452
FU Roche Applied Science; Danish National Science Foundation; Marie Curie
Actions "Genetime'' grant; Marine Directorate of the Scottish
Government; Linean Society; Northwest Fisheries Science Center; Division
of Protected Resources; Southwest Fisheries Science Center; NOAA
National Marine Fisheries Service; National Science Foundation
[OPP-0338428]
FX We thank the many people who provided tissue samples that allowed this
analysis to be completed, including Gisli Vikingsson, MRI, Reykjavik;
Nils Oien, IMR, Bergen; Renaud de Stephanis and Philippe Verborgh,
CIRCE; and Bob Reid, Scottish Agricultural College. All samples in the
US were collected by or transferred to the SWFSC under NMFS/MMPA and
CITES permits. Samples analyzed in Copenhagen were collected under
permit and transferred under CITES permit. We thank Michi Hofreiter,
Matthias Meyer, and Simon Ho for advice on methods; and Bill Perrin,
Kelly Robertson, Barb Taylor, Paula Olson, Malgorzata Pilot, the SWFSC
subspecies journal club, and three anonymous reviewers for helpful
discussion and help with the manuscript. We thank Rich Cosgrove for
helping to generate the sample map. We thank Jon Nowacki, Jane
Hutchinson, and Teri Mueller for project coordination and software
assembly of 454 sequence reads. Support for this research was provided
by Roche Applied Science, the Danish National Science Foundation, The
Marie Curie Actions "Genetime'' grant, Marine Directorate of the
Scottish Government, Systematics Research Fund of the Linean Society,
the Northwest Fisheries Science Center, and the Division of Protected
Resources, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, NOAA National Marine
Fisheries Service. R.L.P. was supported in part by a grant from the
National Science Foundation (OPP-0338428).
NR 72
TC 157
Z9 162
U1 20
U2 158
PU COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB PRESS, PUBLICATIONS DEPT
PI COLD SPRING HARBOR
PA 1 BUNGTOWN RD, COLD SPRING HARBOR, NY 11724 USA
SN 1088-9051
J9 GENOME RES
JI Genome Res.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 20
IS 7
BP 908
EP 916
DI 10.1101/gr.102954.109
PG 9
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Genetics & Heredity
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Genetics & Heredity
GA 619BX
UT WOS:000279404700005
PM 20413674
ER
PT J
AU Veronica, DA
AF Veronica, Daniel A.
TI Detecting Cooling Coil Fouling Automatically- Part 1: A Novel Concept
SO HVAC&R RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
AB Fouling of surfaces within the heat exchangers of heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems of buildings is an equipment fault that wastes appreciable amounts of energy however, it escapes detection under current building automation technology. A novel concept is introduced to automatically detect this fouling on water-side and air-side surfaces of water-cooled HVAC air coils. The concept incorporates a model-driven component contributing a table of human expert information and an embedded data-driven component assimilating real-time data sampled from H VAC plant instrumentation. Supervisory programming (the "agent") conducts real-time surveillance for coil fouling using the data-driven component, which is a model replicating the current dynamic thermal behavior of the coil. The surveillance is a specific characterizing transient (a "query") exercised periodically on the data-driven dynamic coil model as a surrogate for exciting the real coil. When a query returns a suspect result, the agent determines if coil fouling or some other change caused that result by using the tabulated expert information. The concept makes use of all data sampled from the plant, reflecting transient and steady behavior. Fouling can be discerned from other developments, such as instrument drift, and the agent can distinguish air-side fouling from water-side fouling, estimate the severity of Puling, and estimate an uncertainty for its classification. The values tabulated describe three-dimensional surfaces characterizing the varied impact fouling generically has on coil thermal effectiveness when considered over the state space of coil operation. Categorical use of that information by the concept is justified by analysis in the effectiveness-NTU state plane.
A companion paper (Veronica 2011) gives results of exercising a crucial task within the concept on simulated data by using one form of a dynamic data-driven model; a multilayer perceptron.
C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Veronica, DA (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
NR 0
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING AIR-CONDITIONING ENG, INC,
PI ATLANTA
PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 USA
SN 1078-9669
J9 HVAC&R RES
JI HVAC&R Res.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 16
IS 4
BP 413
EP 433
DI 10.1080/10789669.2010.10390913
PG 21
WC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering,
Mechanical
SC Thermodynamics; Construction & Building Technology; Engineering
GA 629AH
UT WOS:000280165900003
ER
PT J
AU Garrison, LP
Link, JS
Kilduff, DP
Cieri, MD
Maffley, B
Vaughan, DS
Sharov, A
Mahmoudi, B
Latour, RJ
AF Garrison, Lance P.
Link, Jason S.
Kilduff, D. Patrick
Cieri, Matthew D.
Maffley, Brandon
Vaughan, Douglas S.
Sharov, Alexei
Mahmoudi, Behzad
Latour, Robert J.
TI An expansion of the MSVPA approach for quantifying predator-prey
interactions in exploited fish communities
SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Atlantic menhaden; ecosystem-based fisheries management; multispecies
virtual population analysis; trophic models
ID VIRTUAL POPULATION ANALYSIS; EASTERN BERING-SEA; STRIPED BASS;
POMATOMUS-SALTATRIX; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; ATLANTIC MENHADEN; MULTISPECIES
VPA; REFERENCE POINTS; CHESAPEAKE BAY; NORTH-SEA
AB Ecosystem-based fisheries management requires tools to place fish-stock dynamics in the broader context of fishery, predator, and competitive removals. Multispecies virtual population analysis (MSVPA) is an approach to quantifying predator prey interactions and estimating the rates of predation mortality for exploited fish populations. Here, an extended MSVPA (MSVPA-X) is presented as an alternative to existing MSVPA approaches. Notably, MSVPA-X uses index-tuned VPA methods, applies a more flexible feeding model, and includes an alternative functional feeding response. The MSVPA-X model is applied to a western Atlantic fish community, focusing on Atlantic menhaden and its major fish predators, and a sensitivity analysis of major model parameters is presented. The sensitivity analysis highlights the need for adequate diet sampling. The MSVPA-X represents an improvement over previous approaches by increasing the flexibility to model seasonal and interannual dynamics in the strength of predator - prey interactions. Model results demonstrate that, for menhaden in particular, and forage fish in general, quantifying predation mortality is an important part of effective assessments of forage fish, their predators, and the fisheries of both.
C1 [Garrison, Lance P.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Miami, FL 33148 USA.
[Link, Jason S.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Kilduff, D. Patrick] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Wildlife Fish & Conservat Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Cieri, Matthew D.] Maine Dept Marine Resources, W Boothbay Harbor, ME 04575 USA.
[Maffley, Brandon] New Jersey Div Fish & Wildlife, Nacote Creek Res Stn, Port Republic, NJ 08241 USA.
[Vaughan, Douglas S.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
[Sharov, Alexei] Maryland Dept Nat Resources, Fisheries Serv, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA.
[Mahmoudi, Behzad] Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Latour, Robert J.] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Dept Fisheries Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
RP Garrison, LP (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SE Fisheries Sci Ctr, 75 Virginia Beach Dr, Miami, FL 33148 USA.
EM lance.garrison@noaa.gov
FU NOAA's Chesapeake Bay Stock Assessment Committee; Atlantic States Marine
Fisheries Commission
FX This work benefited greatly from reviews provided by two panels. The
first was convened by the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission
(ASMFC) and included J. Buckel, T. Tsou, and E. Schwaab, and the second
was the NEFSC Stock Assessment Review Committee of A. I. L. Payne, J.
Casey, V. Haist, and Y. Jiao. The project was initiated and overseen by
G. White and L. Deslosse. The development of the MSVPA-X model was
funded by NOAA's Chesapeake Bay Stock Assessment Committee and the
Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission.
NR 41
TC 21
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 22
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1054-3139
J9 ICES J MAR SCI
JI ICES J. Mar. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 67
IS 5
BP 856
EP 870
DI 10.1093/icesjms/fsq005
PG 15
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 625CR
UT WOS:000279870500002
ER
PT J
AU De Robertis, A
Wilson, CD
Williamson, NJ
Guttormsen, MA
Stienessen, S
AF De Robertis, Alex
Wilson, Christopher D.
Williamson, Neal J.
Guttormsen, Michael A.
Stienessen, Sarah
TI Silent ships sometimes do encounter more fish. 1. Vessel comparisons
during winter pollock surveys
SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE acoustics; noise-reduced vessel; vessel avoidance; walleye pollock
ID CLUPEA-HARENGUS; AVOIDANCE; BEHAVIOR; RESPONSES; BIOMASS; SOUNDS; SONAR;
NOISE; AREA
AB Avoidance of approaching vessels by fish is a major source of uncertainty in surveys of fish stocks. In an effort to minimize vessel avoidance, international standards for underwater-noise emission by research vessels have been established. Despite widespread investment in noise-reduced vessels, the effectiveness of noise reduction on vessel avoidance remains poorly understood. Here, we report on vessel comparisons of pollock abundance recorded by the NOAA ships "Oscar Dyson" (OD), a noise-reduced vessel, and "Miller Freeman" (ME), a conventionally designed vessel. The comparisons were made during three acoustic surveys of prespawning aggregations of walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) in Alaska. The experiments demonstrate that a noise-reduced vessel will detect significantly more fish backscatter than a conventional vessel in some situations. OD detected 31% more pollock backscatter than MF in the Shumagin Islands, where pollock were distributed between 100 and 200 m deep, and 13% more pollock backscatter in Shelikof Strait, where pollock were primarily distributed 200-300 m deep. However, there was no difference in the Bogoslof Island area where pollock were found at 400-700 m. In the Shumagin and Shelikof areas, the discrepancy between vessels tended to decrease with fish depth, consistent with a decreasing response to a stimulus propagating from the surface. Analysis of the depth distributions of pollock supports the conclusion that the discrepancies in backscatter stem from differential behavioural responses to the two vessels.
C1 [De Robertis, Alex; Wilson, Christopher D.; Williamson, Neal J.; Guttormsen, Michael A.; Stienessen, Sarah] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Resource Assessment & Conservat Engn Div, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP De Robertis, A (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Resource Assessment & Conservat Engn Div, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM alex.derobertis@noaa.gov
FU Alaska Fisheries Science Center, NOAA
FX This study was made feasible by the contributions of many dedicated
people. Members of the Alaska Fisheries Science Center's acoustics
group, particularly S. Furnish, R. Towler, and P. Ressler, all made
tangible contributions. We thank the officers and crew of the NOAA ships
"Miller Freeman" and "Oscar Dyson" for their contributions and careful
ship handling in what were often challenging conditions. We are also
indebted to those who prepared the vessels for the work, including
members of the Marine Operations Center, Pacific. The comments of P.
Ressler, M. Dorn, V. Hjellvik, and N. O. Handegard improved the
manuscript. The work was supported by the Alaska Fisheries Science
Center, NOAA.
NR 34
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 6
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1054-3139
J9 ICES J MAR SCI
JI ICES J. Mar. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 67
IS 5
BP 985
EP 995
DI 10.1093/icesjms/fsp299
PG 11
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 625CR
UT WOS:000279870500014
ER
PT J
AU De Robertis, A
Wilson, CD
AF De Robertis, Alex
Wilson, Christopher D.
TI Silent ships sometimes do encounter more fish. 2. Concurrent echosounder
observations from a free-drifting buoy and vessels
SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE acoustics; noise-reduced vessel; vessel avoidance; walleye pollock
ID AVOIDANCE-BEHAVIOR; TRAWLING VESSEL; NOISE; AREA
AB The reactions of walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) to the NOAA ships "Miller Freeman" (MF), a conventionally designed research vessel, and the "Oscar Dyson" (OD), a noise-reduced research vessel, were compared near the Shumagin Islands, Alaska. Observations with a buoy-mounted echosounder indicated a stronger decrease in pollock backscatter strength and a greater increase in pollock backscatter depth associated with the passage of the MF than the OD. The pollock began to respond at a distance of similar to 270 m from the vessel and were disturbed for several minutes after vessel passage. The reaction to the OD was weak, suggesting that measurements of pollock made by the OD in this environment are not strongly biased by vessel avoidance. Comparison of echosounder observations collected on board each vessel indicated that the MF measured less pollock backscatter, a deeper pollock depth distribution, and weaker single-target echoes than the OD. Together, the results indicate that acoustic measurements from the two vessels are not equivalent because of a reduced avoidance response to the noise-reduced vessel.
C1 [De Robertis, Alex; Wilson, Christopher D.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Resource Assessment & Conservat Engn Div, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP De Robertis, A (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Resource Assessment & Conservat Engn Div, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM alex.derobertis@noaa.gov
FU Alaska Fisheries Science Center, NOAA
FX We are indebted to S. Furnish for his efforts in the construction,
testing, maintenance, and deployment of the acoustic buoy. We also thank
the officers and crew of NOAA ships "Miller Freeman" and "Oscar Dyson"
for careful ship handling during the experiment and for assistance in
deploying and recovering the buoy, and to P. Ressler and P. Walline for
assistance at sea. The suggestions of C. Rhodes made the experimental
design easier to execute. O. R. Coda and A. Tot land are gratefully
acknowledged for sharing their initial echosounder-buoy plans long ago.
This served as the foundation for the design of the buoy that was used
in this work. The thoughtful comments of V. Hjellvik, N. O. Handegard,
M. Dorn, P. Ressler, and I. Horne improved the manuscript. The work was
supported by the Alaska Fisheries Science Center, NOAA.
NR 23
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 5
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1054-3139
J9 ICES J MAR SCI
JI ICES J. Mar. Sci.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 67
IS 5
BP 996
EP 1003
DI 10.1093/icesjms/fsp301
PG 8
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 625CR
UT WOS:000279870500015
ER
PT J
AU Laupattarakasem, P
Jones, WL
Hennon, CC
Allard, JR
Harless, AR
Black, PG
AF Laupattarakasem, Peth
Jones, W. Linwood
Hennon, Christopher C.
Allard, John R.
Harless, Amy R.
Black, Peter G.
TI Improved Hurricane Ocean Vector Winds Using SeaWinds Active/Passive
Retrievals
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE H* Wind; hurricane retrieval; ocean vector wind (OVW) retrieval;
QuikSCAT; rain correction; scatterometer; SeaWinds
ID TROPICAL CYCLONES; SYSTEM; RADAR; NSCAT; MODEL; BAND; HRD
AB The SeaWinds scatterometer, onboard the QuikSCAT satellite, infers global ocean vector winds (OVWs); however, for a number of reasons, these measurements in hurricanes are significantly degraded. This paper presents an improved hurricane OVW retrieval approach, known as Q-Winds, which is derived from combined SeaWinds active and passive measurements. In this technique, the effects of rain are implicitly included in a new geophysical model function, which relates oceanic brightness temperature and radar backscatter measurements (at the top of the atmosphere) to the surface wind vector under both clear sky and in the presence of light to moderate rain. This approach extends the useful wind speed measurement range for tropical cyclones beyond that exhibited by the standard SeaWinds Project Level-2B (L2B) 12.5-km wind vector algorithm. A description of the Q-Winds algorithm is given, and examples of OVW retrievals are presented for the Q-Winds and L2B 12.5-km algorithms for ten hurricane overpasses in 2003-2008. These data are also compared to independent surface wind vector estimates from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Hurricane Research Division's objective hurricane surface wind analysis technique known as H* Wind. These comparisons suggest that the Q-Winds OVW product agrees better with independently derived H* Wind analysis winds than does the conventional L2B OVW product.
C1 [Laupattarakasem, Peth] Webster Univ, Orlando, FL 32821 USA.
[Laupattarakasem, Peth; Jones, W. Linwood] Univ Cent Florida, Sch Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Orlando, FL 32817 USA.
[Hennon, Christopher C.; Allard, John R.] Univ N Carolina, Asheville, NC 28804 USA.
[Harless, Amy R.] Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Harless, Amy R.] Storm Predict Ctr, Norman, OK 73072 USA.
[Black, Peter G.] SAIC Inc, Naval Res Lab, Marine Meteorol Div, Monterey, CA 93943 USA.
RP Laupattarakasem, P (reprint author), Webster Univ, Orlando, FL 32821 USA.
EM plaupat@gmail.com; ljones@pegasus.cc.ucf.edu; chennon@unca.edu;
johnrall2@yahoo.com; arharles@unca.edu; peter.black@nrlmry.navy.mil
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration Headquarters for the Earth
Science Research
FX This work was supported by the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration Headquarters for the Earth Science Research Program
investigations of the Ocean Vector Winds Science Team.
NR 27
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 7
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0196-2892
J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE
JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 48
IS 7
BP 2909
EP 2923
DI 10.1109/TGRS.2010.2043110
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote
Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science
& Photographic Technology
GA 649RF
UT WOS:000281789800013
ER
PT J
AU Romero, HP
Remley, KA
Williams, DF
Wang, CM
Brown, TX
AF Romero, Henry P.
Remley, Kate A.
Williams, Dylan F.
Wang, Chih-Ming
Brown, Timothy X.
TI Identifying RF Identification Cards From Measurements of Resonance and
Carrier Harmonics
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES
LA English
DT Article
DE Authentication; electromagnetic signature; resonance frequency
AB We show that careful measurements of the unloaded resonance frequency and quality factor of RF identification proximity cards allow identification of different card models and, for the set of cards we studied, identification with minimal error of individual cards of the same model. Furthermore, we show that card identification performance is improved by considering an electromagnetic signature that combines measurements of the energy at carrier harmonics during a reader/card transaction together with measurements of unloaded resonance frequency and quality factor.
C1 [Romero, Henry P.; Brown, Timothy X.] Univ Colorado, Dept Appl Math, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Remley, Kate A.; Williams, Dylan F.; Wang, Chih-Ming] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Romero, HP (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Appl Math, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
EM romeroh@colorado.edu; remley@boulder.nist.gov; dylan@boulder.nist.gov;
jwang@boulder.nist.gov; timxb@colorado.edu
FU U.S. Government
FX Manuscript received December 28, 2009; revised April 02, 2010; accepted
April 02, 2010. Date of publication May 27, 2010; date of current
version July 14, 2010. This work was supported in part by the U.S.
Government.
NR 12
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 4
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9480
EI 1557-9670
J9 IEEE T MICROW THEORY
JI IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 58
IS 7
BP 1758
EP 1765
DI 10.1109/TMTT.2010.2049773
PN 1
PG 8
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 652NO
UT WOS:000282014000013
ER
PT J
AU Lewandowski, A
Williams, DF
Hale, PD
Wang, JCM
Dienstfrey, A
AF Lewandowski, Arkadiusz
Williams, Dylan F.
Hale, Paul D.
Wang, Jack C. M.
Dienstfrey, Andrew
TI Covariance-Based Vector-Network-Analyzer Uncertainty Analysis for Time-
and Frequency-Domain Measurements
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES
LA English
DT Article
DE Covariance matrix; frequency-domain measurements; scattering parameters;
time-domain measurements; uncertainty analysis; vector network analyzer
(VNA)
ID ONLINE ACCURACY ASSESSMENT; DUAL 6-PORT ANA; CALIBRATION; ERRORS
AB We develop a covariance-matrix-based uncertainty analysis for vector-network-analyzer (VNA) scattering-parameter measurements. The covariance matrix not only captures all of the measurement uncertainties of the scattering-parameter measurements, but also the statistical correlations between them. This allows the uncertainties of VNA scattering-parameter measurements to be propagated into the uncertainties of other quantities derived from scattering parameters, including temporal waveforms and circuit model parameters.
C1 [Lewandowski, Arkadiusz] Warsaw Univ Technol, Inst Elect Syst, PL-00665 Warsaw, Poland.
[Williams, Dylan F.; Hale, Paul D.; Wang, Jack C. M.; Dienstfrey, Andrew] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Lewandowski, A (reprint author), Warsaw Univ Technol, Inst Elect Syst, PL-00665 Warsaw, Poland.
EM A.Lewandowski@ieee.org
RI Hale, Paul/B-1737-2013
NR 30
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 7
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0018-9480
J9 IEEE T MICROW THEORY
JI IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 58
IS 7
BP 1877
EP 1886
DI 10.1109/TMTT.2010.2049768
PN 1
PG 10
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 652NO
UT WOS:000282014000025
ER
PT J
AU Souryal, MR
AF Souryal, Michael R.
TI Non-Coherent Amplify-and-Forward Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test
Receiver
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Amplify-and-forward; cooperative diversity; generalized likelihood
ratio; non-coherent; relay
AB This paper proposes a simple non-coherent amplifyand- forward receiver for the relay channel and evaluates its diversity performance for Rayleigh fading channels. We use the generalized likelihood ratio test to obtain the decision rule in closed form, independent of the fading distribution. The receiver is developed for M-ary orthogonal signals and multiple relays. The only side information required at the destination is the average noise energy at the receiver; no statistical knowledge of the channel gains is needed. We develop closed-form upper and lower bounds on the probability of error of this receiver for the case of binary signaling with a single relay and show that this receiver achieves near full diversity, with the probability of error decreasing with increasing signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) as log(2) (SNR)/SNR(2) for large SNR. Additional results obtained by simulation demonstrate increasing diversity gain with additional relays.
C1 NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
RP Souryal, MR (reprint author), NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM souryal@nist.gov
NR 11
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 3
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1536-1276
J9 IEEE T WIREL COMMUN
JI IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 9
IS 7
BP 2320
EP 2327
DI 10.1109/TWC.2010.07.091261
PG 8
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications
SC Engineering; Telecommunications
GA 657HU
UT WOS:000282404600023
ER
PT J
AU Beckman, BR
Luckenbach, JA
Metzger, DC
Shimizu, M
Dickey, JT
AF Beckman, Brian R.
Luckenbach, J. Adam
Metzger, David C.
Shimizu, Munetaka
Dickey, Jon T.
TI Endocrine control of growth in coho salmon: validation of a multiplex
gene expression assay and quantification of relations between messenger
RNA levels and proteins during feeding and fasting
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology
CY JAN 03-07, 2010
CL Seattle, WA
SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol
C1 Hokkaido Univ, Sch Fisheries, NOAA Fisheries, NWFSC, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060, Japan.
Univ Washington, SAFS, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM brian.beckman@noaa.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 50
SU 1
BP E9
EP E9
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 630TL
UT WOS:000280297000035
ER
PT J
AU Collins, AG
Bentlage, B
Gillan, W
Lynn, TH
Marques, AC
Morandini, AC
AF Collins, Allen G.
Bentlage, Bastian
Gillan, William
Lynn, Tara H.
Marques, Antonio C.
Morandini, Andre C.
TI Naming the Bonaire banded box jelly, the dynamic science side of a
public species-naming contest
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology
CY JAN 03-07, 2010
CL Seattle, WA
SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol
C1 [Collins, Allen G.; Bentlage, Bastian; Gillan, William; Lynn, Tara H.; Marques, Antonio C.; Morandini, Andre C.] Univ Sao Paulo, NOAA Fisheries Serv, Natl Systemat Lab,Systemat Lab, Univ Kansas,Boynton Beach Community High Sch, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
EM collinsa@si.edu
RI Marques, Antonio/E-8049-2011; Morandini, Andre/A-9892-2012
OI Marques, Antonio/0000-0002-2884-0541; Morandini,
Andre/0000-0003-3747-8748
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 50
SU 1
BP E32
EP E32
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 630TL
UT WOS:000280297000128
ER
PT J
AU Dittman, AH
May, D
Michelle, A
AF Dittman, Andrew H.
May, Darran
Michelle, A.
TI Odorant-Induced Changes In Olfactory Receptor mRNA Expression In Sockeye
Salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) After Imprinting
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology
CY JAN 03-07, 2010
CL Seattle, WA
SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol
C1 NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA USA.
Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM andy.dittman@noaa.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 50
SU 1
BP E44
EP E44
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 630TL
UT WOS:000280297000176
ER
PT J
AU Idjadi, JA
Haring, RN
Precht, WF
AF Idjadi, Joshua A.
Haring, R. Nicholas
Precht, William F.
TI Recovery of the sea urchin Diadema antillarum promotes scleractinian
coral growth and survivorship on shallow Jamaican reefs
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology
CY JAN 03-07, 2010
CL Seattle, WA
SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol
C1 Eastern Connecticut State Univ, Willimantic, CT 06226 USA.
City San Diego Marine Biol Lab, San Diego, CA USA.
Florida Keys Natl Marine Sanctuary, Key Largo, FL USA.
EM idjadij@easternct.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 9
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 50
SU 1
BP E80
EP E80
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 630TL
UT WOS:000280297000319
ER
PT J
AU Luckenbach, JA
Metzger, DC
Dickey, JT
Swanson, P
Beckman, BR
AF Luckenbach, J. A.
Metzger, D. C.
Dickey, J. T.
Swanson, P.
Beckman, B. R.
TI Development and Validation of a Quantitative, Multiplex Gene Expression
Assay for Components of the Endocrine Growth Axis in Salmon
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology
CY JAN 03-07, 2010
CL Seattle, WA
SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol
C1 NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM Adam.Luckenbach@noaa.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 50
SU 1
BP E261
EP E261
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 630TL
UT WOS:000280297001255
ER
PT J
AU Marshall, CD
Higgins, BM
Flanagan, JP
Kane, EA
Neuenhoff, RD
AF Marshall, C. D.
Higgins, B. M.
Flanagan, J. P.
Kane, E. A.
Neuenhoff, R. D.
TI Bite Force and In Vivo Stimulation of the Loggerhead Sea Turtle (Caretta
caretta) Adductor Mandibulae Complex
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology
CY JAN 03-07, 2010
CL Seattle, WA
SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol
C1 Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
NOAA, Galveston, TX USA.
Clemson Univ, Houston Zoo, Clemson, SC 29631 USA.
EM marshalc@tamug.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 50
SU 1
BP E264
EP E264
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 630TL
UT WOS:000280297001267
ER
PT J
AU Mcdonald, BI
Goebel, ME
Crocker, DE
Costa, DP
AF Mcdonald, B., I
Goebel, M. E.
Crocker, D. E.
Costa, D. P.
TI Maternal investment in the Antarctic fur seal: Impacts of maternal
traits, pup traits, and provisioning strategy
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology
CY JAN 03-07, 2010
CL Seattle, WA
SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol
C1 Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
NOAA, Antarctic Ecol Res Div, Silver Spring, MD USA.
Sonoma State Univ, Rohnert Pk, CA USA.
EM mcdonald@biology.ucsc.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 50
SU 1
BP E113
EP E113
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 630TL
UT WOS:000280297000450
ER
PT J
AU Noren, DP
Dunkin, RC
Williams, TM
Noaa, NMFS
AF Noren, D. P.
Dunkin, R. C.
Williams, T. M.
Noaa, N. M. F. S.
TI The energetic cost of surface active behaviors in dolphins
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology
CY JAN 03-07, 2010
CL Seattle, WA
SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol
C1 [Noren, D. P.; Dunkin, R. C.; Williams, T. M.; Noaa, N. M. F. S.] Univ CA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
EM dawn.noren@noaa.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 50
SU 1
BP E125
EP E125
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 630TL
UT WOS:000280297000499
ER
PT J
AU Yamamoto, Y
Luckenbach, JA
Goetz, FW
Young, G
Swanson, P
AF Yamamoto, Y.
Luckenbach, J. A.
Goetz, F. W.
Young, G.
Swanson, P.
TI Gene Expression Changes during Early Secondary Oocyte Growth and Onset
of Atresia in Coho Salmon
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology
CY JAN 03-07, 2010
CL Seattle, WA
SP Soc Integrat & Comparat Biol
C1 Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
Univ Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
EM yojifish@u.washington.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 50
SU 1
BP E193
EP E193
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 630TL
UT WOS:000280297000771
ER
PT J
AU Wood, KR
Overland, JE
AF Wood, Kevin R.
Overland, James E.
TI Early 20th century Arctic warming in retrospect
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE arctic warming; early 20(th) century; coupled climate system;
atmospheric circulation; intrinsic variability; climate change
ID NORTH-ATLANTIC OSCILLATION; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
PRESSURE DATA; MASS-BALANCE; TRENDS; PACIFIC; OCEAN; CIRCULATION;
REANALYSIS
AB The major early 20(th) century climatic fluctuation (similar to 1920-1940) has been the subject of scientific enquiry from the time it was detected in the 1920s. The papers of scientists who studied the event first-hand have faded into obscurity but their insights are relevant today. We review this event through a rediscovery of early research and new assessments of the instrumental record. Much of the inter-annual to decadal scale variability in surface air temperature (SAT) anomaly patterns and related ecosystem effects in the Arctic and elsewhere can be attributed to the superposition of leading modes of variability in the atmospheric circulation. Meridional circulation patterns were an important factor in the high latitudes of the North Atlantic during the early climatic fluctuation. Sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies that appeared during this period were congruent with low-frequency variability in the climate system but were themselves most likely the result of anomalous forcing by the atmosphere. The high-resolution data necessary to verify this hypothesis are lacking, but the consistency of multiple lines of evidence provides strong support. Our findings indicate that early climatic fluctuation is best interpreted as a large but random climate excursion imposed on top of the steadily rising global mean temperature associated with anthropogenic forcing. Copyright (C) 2009 Royal Meteorological Society
C1 [Wood, Kevin R.] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
[Overland, James E.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Wood, KR (reprint author), Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, 3737 Brooklyn Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
EM Kevin.R.Wood@noaa.gov
FU NOAA; Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO)
[NA17RJ1232]; NSF [0531286]
FX We appreciate discussions with J. M. Wallace, G. Roe and N. Bond at the
University of Washington. We gratefully acknowledge the support of the
NOAA Arctic Research Program. This publication was funded, in part, by
the Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO)
under NOAA Cooperative Agreement No. NA17RJ1232, Contribution 1432. This
paper is a contribution to the Arctic System Science Program under NSF
grant 0531286. PMEL Contribution 3111.
NR 84
TC 35
Z9 36
U1 1
U2 15
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0899-8418
EI 1097-0088
J9 INT J CLIMATOL
JI Int. J. Climatol.
PD JUL
PY 2010
VL 30
IS 9
BP 1269
EP 1279
DI 10.1002/joc.1973
PG 11
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 638CC
UT WOS:000280867500001
ER
EF