FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU MARGOLIS, S AF MARGOLIS, S TI MEASUREMENT OF ASCORBIC-ACID AND ISOASCORBIC ACID IN SERUM AND INFANT FORMULA USING ELECTROCHEMICAL DETECTION SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD FEB 23 PY 1993 VL 7 IS 4 BP A746 EP A746 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA KP975 UT WOS:A1993KP97501303 ER PT J AU STRUPP, PG ALSTRIN, AL SMILGYS, RV LEONE, SR AF STRUPP, PG ALSTRIN, AL SMILGYS, RV LEONE, SR TI SINGLE-PHOTON LASER IONIZATION TIME-OF-FLIGHT MASS-SPECTROSCOPY DETECTION IN MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY - APPLICATION TO AS4, AS2, AND GA SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID 3RD-HARMONIC GENERATION; SURFACE-ANALYSIS; XENON; RADIATION; KRYPTON; GASES AB Single-photon laser ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy (TOF-MS) is used to monitor fluxes of As4, As2, and Ga, species that are important in molecular-beam epitaxy of GaAs. With this technique, fluxes of multiple chemical species above a substrate can be measured noninvasively and in real time during conventional molecular-beam epitaxy. Additionally, the geometry of the single-photon ionization TOF-MS permits simultaneous film-growth monitoring by using techniques such as reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED). Here gas-phase arsenic and gallium beams are ionized by a single 118-nm (10.5-eV) photon and detected with a TOF-MS. The 118-nm photons are produced by frequency tripling 355-nm light from a pulsed Nd:YAG laser in Xe. With single-photon ionization, less than 0.4% of the As4+ signal fragments to As2+. Neither As4+ nor As2+ fragments to As+ at 118 nm. The relative ionization probability of As4/As2 at 118 nm is approximately 4:1. This technique promises to be a powerful tool for analyzing most III-V and II-VI molecular-beam epitaxy growth species. C1 UNIV COLORADO, DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA. RP STRUPP, PG (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, ASTROPHYS LAB, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA. NR 17 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD FEB 20 PY 1993 VL 32 IS 6 BP 842 EP 846 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA KM929 UT WOS:A1993KM92900007 PM 20802759 ER PT J AU GERZ, C HODAPP, TW JESSEN, P JONES, KM PHILLIPS, WD WESTBROOK, CI MOLMER, K AF GERZ, C HODAPP, TW JESSEN, P JONES, KM PHILLIPS, WD WESTBROOK, CI MOLMER, K TI THE TEMPERATURE OF OPTICAL MOLASSES FOR 2 DIFFERENT ATOMIC ANGULAR MOMENTA SO EUROPHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE OPTICAL COOLING OF ATOMS; TRAPPING ID DOPPLER LIMIT; LASER AB We have measured the temperature of laser-cooled Rb atoms in optical molasses as a function of laser intensity and detuning. For both Rb-85 and Rb-87, cooled on the F = 3 --> F' = 4 and F = 2 --> F' = 3 transitions, respectively, the temperatures are proportional to the ratio of laser power and detuning for a wide range of these parameters. We observe a small but significant difference between the two isotopes. We also show the results of three-dimensional semi-classical numerical calculations. Our results favor a model which includes atomic localization in optical standing waves. C1 MAX PLANCK INST QUANTUM OPT,W-8046 GARCHING,GERMANY. HAMLINE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,ST PAUL,MN 55104. AARHUS UNIV,INST PHYS & ASTRON,DK-8000 AARHUS,DENMARK. WILLIAMS COLL,WILLIAMSTOWN,MA 01267. RP GERZ, C (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. RI Jessen, Poul/A-5433-2009; Westbrook, Christoph/B-6092-2009 OI Westbrook, Christoph/0000-0002-6490-0468 NR 22 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 2 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 0295-5075 J9 EUROPHYS LETT JI Europhys. Lett. PD FEB 20 PY 1993 VL 21 IS 6 BP 661 EP 666 DI 10.1209/0295-5075/21/6/005 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA KP294 UT WOS:A1993KP29400005 ER PT J AU MACH, DM RUST, WD AF MACH, DM RUST, WD TI 2-DIMENSIONAL VELOCITY, OPTICAL RISETIME, AND PEAK CURRENT ESTIMATES FOR NATURAL POSITIVE LIGHTNING RETURN STROKES SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID ELECTROMAGNETIC-RADIATION; CLOUD; CHANNEL AB We report velocities, optical risetimes, and transmission line model peak currents for seven natural positive return strokes. The data were taken with our return stroke velocity device mounted on the National Severe Storms Laboratory mobile laboratory. The average two-dimensional positive return stroke velocity for channel segments of <500 m in length starting near the base of the channel is 0.8 +/- 0.3 x 10(8) m s-1, which is slower than our corresponding average velocity for natural negative first return strokes of 1.7 +/- 0.7 x 10(8) m s-1. This implies that positive stroke peak currents in the literature, which assume the same velocity as negative strokes, are low by a factor of 2. The average two-dimensional positive return stroke velocity for channel segments of >500 m starting near the base of the channel is 0.9 +/- 0.4 x 10(8) m s-1. The corresponding average velocity for our natural negative first strokes is 1.2 +/- 0.6 x 10(8) m s-1. We find no significant velocity change with height for positive return strokes. The average 10-90% optical risetime from channel segments with an average length of 3.2 +/- 1.7 m for positive return strokes within 100 m of the base of the channel is 9.4 +/- 3.0 mus; the corresponding measurement for negative strokes is 3.5 +/- 1.7 mus. We detected no optical leaders from the positive flashes. This limits the relative brightness of positive stroke leaders to approximately 0.08 times the optical output of the return stroke. The logarithmic average peak current from the transmission line model for positive return strokes is 59.8 kA, approximately 5 times the logarithmic average peak current we calculated for natural negative first return strokes. All differences between positive and negative natural strokes noted above are statistically different at the 99% level. C1 NOAA,ENVIRONM RES LAB,NATL SEVERE STORMS LAB,NORMAN,OK 73069. RP MACH, DM (reprint author), UNIV ALABAMA,EARTH SYST SCI LAB,HUNTSVILLE,AL 35899, USA. NR 21 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD FEB 20 PY 1993 VL 98 IS D2 BP 2635 EP 2638 DI 10.1029/92JD02188 PG 4 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KN689 UT WOS:A1993KN68900004 ER PT J AU PARUNGO, F HICKS, B AF PARUNGO, F HICKS, B TI SULFATE AEROSOL DISTRIBUTIONS AND CLOUD VARIATIONS DURING ELNINO ANOMALIES SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID EL-NINO; DIMETHYL SULFIDE; PACIFIC-OCEAN; ALBEDO; ATMOSPHERE; CLIMATE; SULFUR; PHYTOPLANKTON; POLLUTION AB The effects of aerosols on cloud characteristics, albedo, rainfall amount, and overall climate changes were investigated by assessing the qualitative associations and quantitative correlations between the relevant variables during El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) perturbations. Both historical records and data from recent field measurements for the Pacific Ocean region were used for the investigation. The results show that ENSO perturbations could change sulfate aerosol production and distribution over the surveyed regions. Strong correlations were observed between condensation nucleus concentrations and sulfate aerosol concentrations, and between cloud amount and albedo. Weak but significant correlations were also observed between condensation nucleus concentrations and cloud amounts, and between sulfate aerosol concentrations and rainfall amounts. Although sulfate aerosols appeared to have a strong impact on cloud microphysics, the present data confirm that cloud dynamics play the pivotal role in control of cloud types and cloud amount in the studied regions. RP PARUNGO, F (reprint author), NOAA,ENVIRONM RES LAB,AIR RESOURCES LAB,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910, USA. NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD FEB 20 PY 1993 VL 98 IS D2 BP 2667 EP 2675 DI 10.1029/92JD02434 PG 9 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KN689 UT WOS:A1993KN68900007 ER PT J AU CANTRELL, CA SHETTER, RE LIND, JA MCDANIEL, AH CALVERT, JG PARRISH, DD FEHSENFELD, FC BUHR, MP TRAINER, M AF CANTRELL, CA SHETTER, RE LIND, JA MCDANIEL, AH CALVERT, JG PARRISH, DD FEHSENFELD, FC BUHR, MP TRAINER, M TI AN IMPROVED CHEMICAL AMPLIFIER TECHNIQUE FOR PEROXY RADICAL MEASUREMENTS SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-SPIN-RESONANCE; MATRIX-ISOLATION; TROPOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; STRATOSPHERIC HO2; ORGANIC NITRATES; NITROGEN-DIOXIDE; NORMAL-HEPTANE; UNITED-STATES; NO2; SPECTROSCOPY AB The chemical amplifier for atmospheric peroxy radical measurements, first described in the early 1980s has been improved relative to these earlier reports. The details of the instrument and a new radical calibration procedure are discussed as they relate to participation in a field study in the southeastern United States in the summer of 1990. The theoretical behavior of the chemical amplifier is also examined with the use of analytical solutions to the relevant kinetic equations as well as with a numerical model. Several issues of atmospheric relevance are addressed including the response of the instrument to organic peroxy radicals, interferences from PAN and peroxynitric acid, accuracy, precision, and detection limits studied through a number of laboratory and field investigations. Some new findings realized since the summer of 1990 are also included. C1 NOAA,AERON LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303. RP CANTRELL, CA (reprint author), NATL CTR ATMOSPHER RES,POB 3000,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. RI Parrish, David/E-8957-2010; Trainer, Michael/H-5168-2013; Fehsenfeld, Frederick/I-4876-2013 OI Parrish, David/0000-0001-6312-2724; NR 44 TC 63 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD FEB 20 PY 1993 VL 98 IS D2 BP 2897 EP 2909 DI 10.1029/92JD02842 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KN689 UT WOS:A1993KN68900023 ER PT J AU TRAINER, M PARRISH, DD BUHR, MP NORTON, RB FEHSENFELD, FC ANLAUF, KG BOTTENHEIM, JW TANG, YZ WIEBE, HA ROBERTS, JM TANNER, RL NEWMAN, L BOWERSOX, VC MEAGHER, JF OLSZYNA, KJ RODGERS, MO WANG, T BERRESHEIM, H DEMERJIAN, KL ROYCHOWDHURY, UK AF TRAINER, M PARRISH, DD BUHR, MP NORTON, RB FEHSENFELD, FC ANLAUF, KG BOTTENHEIM, JW TANG, YZ WIEBE, HA ROBERTS, JM TANNER, RL NEWMAN, L BOWERSOX, VC MEAGHER, JF OLSZYNA, KJ RODGERS, MO WANG, T BERRESHEIM, H DEMERJIAN, KL ROYCHOWDHURY, UK TI CORRELATION OF OZONE WITH NOY IN PHOTOCHEMICALLY AGED AIR SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID EASTERN-UNITED-STATES; TROPOSPHERIC OZONE; NIWOT RIDGE; ORGANIC NITRATES; RURAL OZONE; NITROGEN; COLORADO; TRANSPORT; BUDGET; SMOG AB During the summer of 1988, measurements of photochemical trace species were made at a coordinated network of seven rural sites in the eastern United States and Canada. At six of these sites concurrent measurements of ozone and the sum of the reactive nitrogen species, NO(y), were made, and at four of the sites a measure for the reaction products of the NO(x) oxidation was obtained. Common to all sites, ozone, in photochemically aged air during the summer, shows an increase with increasing NO(y) levels, from a background value of 30-40 parts per billion by volume (ppbv) at NO(y) mixing ratios below 1 ppbv to values between 70 to 100 ppbv at NO(y) levels of 10 ppbv. Ozone correlates even more closely with the products of the NO(x) oxidation. The correlations from the different sites agree closely at mixing ratios of the oxidation products below 5 ppbv, but systematic differences appear at higher levels. Variations in the biogenic hydrocarbon emissions may explain these differences. C1 UNIV COLORADO,NOAA,COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI,BOULDER,CO 80309. ATMOSPHER ENVIRONM SERV,TORONTO,ON,CANADA. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,DIV ENVIRONM CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. ILLINOIS STATE WATER SURVEY,ATMOSPHER CHEM SECT,CHAMPAIGN,IL 61820. TENNESSEE VALLEY AUTHOR,DEPT ATMOSPHER SCI,MUSCLE SHOALS,AL 35661. GEORGIA INST TECHNOL,SCH GEOPHYS SCI,ATLANTA,GA 30332. ATMOSPHER SCI RES CTR,WILMINGTON,NY 12205. RP TRAINER, M (reprint author), NOAA,AERON LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. RI Roberts, James/A-1082-2009; Parrish, David/E-8957-2010; Berresheim, Harald/F-9670-2011; Trainer, Michael/H-5168-2013; Fehsenfeld, Frederick/I-4876-2013; WANG, Tao/B-9919-2014 OI Roberts, James/0000-0002-8485-8172; Parrish, David/0000-0001-6312-2724; WANG, Tao/0000-0002-4765-9377 NR 37 TC 264 Z9 267 U1 3 U2 28 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD FEB 20 PY 1993 VL 98 IS D2 BP 2917 EP 2925 DI 10.1029/92JD01910 PG 9 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KN689 UT WOS:A1993KN68900025 ER PT J AU PARRISH, DD BUHR, MP TRAINER, M NORTON, RB SHIMSHOCK, JP FEHSENFELD, FC ANLAUF, KG BOTTENHEIM, JW TANG, YZ WIEBE, HA ROBERTS, JM TANNER, RL NEWMAN, L BOWERSOX, VC OLSZYNA, KJ BAILEY, EM RODGERS, MO WANG, T BERRESHEIM, H ROYCHOWDHURY, UK DEMERJIAN, KL AF PARRISH, DD BUHR, MP TRAINER, M NORTON, RB SHIMSHOCK, JP FEHSENFELD, FC ANLAUF, KG BOTTENHEIM, JW TANG, YZ WIEBE, HA ROBERTS, JM TANNER, RL NEWMAN, L BOWERSOX, VC OLSZYNA, KJ BAILEY, EM RODGERS, MO WANG, T BERRESHEIM, H ROYCHOWDHURY, UK DEMERJIAN, KL TI THE TOTAL REACTIVE OXIDIZED NITROGEN LEVELS AND THE PARTITIONING BETWEEN THE INDIVIDUAL-SPECIES AT 6 RURAL SITES IN EASTERN NORTH-AMERICA SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID NOY MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES; PEROXYACETYL NITRATE PAN; ACID DEPOSITION MODEL; NIWOT-RIDGE; UNITED-STATES; NATURAL HYDROCARBONS; ORGANIC NITRATES; CARBON-MONOXIDE; NITRIC-ACID; COLORADO AB During the late summer and early fall of 1988, measurements of many trace species of tropospheric photochemical interest, including NO, NO2, PAN, HNO3, NO3-, NO(Y), and ozone were made at seven surface stations in the eastern United States and Canada. The NO(Y) (as well as ozone) levels and its partitioning were strongly influenced by the diurnal evolution of the boundary layer at the sites that are beneath the nocturnal inversion. At the higher elevation sites the median levels of all species were much more nearly constant. During the daytime the median NO(Y) levels were 2 to 5 ppbv at all sites, which may be representative of rural areas in the populated regions of eastern North America. Each site showed variations in the NO(Y) levels of an order of magnitude or more. Measurements from all of the sites are consistent with the major contributors to NO(Y) being NO(X) (the sum of NO and NO2), PAN, and nitric acid with a minor contribution from aerosol nitrate. At the lower elevation sites the median [NO(X)] to [NO(Y)] ratios were 70% or more during the night and declined to minima of 25 to 40% during the day. During the daytime the ranges of the median contributions of PAN and HNO3 to NO(Y) were 12 to 25% and approximately 20 to 30%, respectively. The distributions of the contributions about these medians are discussed. Results from all of the sites are consistent with the individually measured species accounting for about 90% of the simultaneously measured NO(Y). C1 UNIV COLORADO,NOAA,COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI,BOULDER,CO 80309. PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT METEOROL,UNIV PK,PA 16802. ATMOSPHER ENVIRONM SERV,TORONTO M3H 5T4,ON,CANADA. ILLINOIS STATE WATER SURVEY,ATMOSPHER CHEM SECT,CHAMPAIGN,IL 61820. TENNESSEE VALLEY AUTHOR,MUSCLE SHOALS,AL 35661. GEORGIA INST TECHNOL,SCH EARTH & ATMOSPHER SCI,ATLANTA,GA 30332. SUNY ALBANY,ATMOSPHER SCI RES CTR,WILMINGTON,NY 12205. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,DIV ENVIRONM CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. RP PARRISH, DD (reprint author), NOAA,AERON LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. RI Roberts, James/A-1082-2009; Parrish, David/E-8957-2010; Berresheim, Harald/F-9670-2011; Trainer, Michael/H-5168-2013; Fehsenfeld, Frederick/I-4876-2013; WANG, Tao/B-9919-2014 OI Roberts, James/0000-0002-8485-8172; Parrish, David/0000-0001-6312-2724; WANG, Tao/0000-0002-4765-9377 NR 41 TC 146 Z9 146 U1 3 U2 17 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD FEB 20 PY 1993 VL 98 IS D2 BP 2927 EP 2939 DI 10.1029/92JD02384 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KN689 UT WOS:A1993KN68900026 ER PT J AU TOLBERT, MA PFAFF, J JAYAWEERA, I PRATHER, MJ AF TOLBERT, MA PFAFF, J JAYAWEERA, I PRATHER, MJ TI UPTAKE OF FORMALDEHYDE BY SULFURIC-ACID-SOLUTIONS - IMPACT ON STRATOSPHERIC OZONE SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID HETEROGENEOUS CHEMISTRY; NITRIC-ACID; SULFATE AEROSOLS; N2O5; CHLORINE; SURFACES AB Chemical reactions on sulfuric acid aerosols have recently been shown to play an important role in stratospheric chemistry. In particular, these reactions push odd-nitrogen compounds into HNO3 and thereby enhance the chlorine-catalyzed destruction of ozone. It has been suggested that our current set of heterogeneous reactions may be incomplete. Indeed we show that formaldehyde, CH2O, is rapidly and irreversibly taken up by stirred sulfuric acid solutions (60 to 75 wt % H2SO4 at -40-degrees to -65-degrees-C) with uptake coefficients as large as gamma = 0.08. If similar uptake occurs under stratospheric pressures of CH2O (that is, 1000 times lower than used in the present study), then the removal of CH2O from the gas phase can take away a significant source of odd hydrogen in the mid- and high-latitude lower stratosphere. We show here that with the inclusion of this reaction, concentrations of OH and HO2 are reduced by as much as 4% under background levels of aerosols and more than 15% under elevated (volcanic) conditions. Further, the accumulation of CH2O in stratospheric aerosols over a season may alter the composition and reactivity of these sulfuric acid-water mixtures. C1 UNIV COLORADO,NOAA,COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI,BOULDER,CO 80309. SRI INT,DEPT CHEM KINET,MENLO PK,CA 94025. UNIV CALIF IRVINE,DEPT GEOSCI,IRVINE,CA 92717. RP TOLBERT, MA (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM,CAMPUS BOX 216,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. NR 31 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD FEB 20 PY 1993 VL 98 IS D2 BP 2957 EP 2962 DI 10.1029/92JD02386 PG 6 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KN689 UT WOS:A1993KN68900029 ER PT J AU BURKHOLDER, JB AF BURKHOLDER, JB TI ULTRAVIOLET-ABSORPTION SPECTRUM OF HOCL SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID CROSS-SECTIONS; EQUILIBRIUM-CONSTANT; RATE COEFFICIENT; ANTARCTIC OZONE; 410 NM; KINETICS; CHLORINE; CLO; STRATOSPHERE; TEMPERATURE AB The room temperature UV absorption spectrum of HOCl was measured over the wavelength range 200 to 380 nm with a diode array spectrometer. The absorption spectrum was identified from UV absorption spectra recorded following UV photolysis of equilibrium mixtures of Cl2O/H2O/HOCl. The HOCl spectrum is continuous with a maximum at 242 nm and a secondary peak at 304 nm. The measured absorption cross section at 242 nm was (2.1 +/- 0.3) x 10(-19) cm2 ( 2 sigma error limits). These results are in excellent agreement with the work of Knauth et al. (1979) but in poor agreement with the more recent measurements of Mishalanie et al. (1986) and Permien et al. (1988]). An HOCl upsilon2 infrared band intensity of 230 +/- 35 cm-2 atm-1 was determined based on this UV absorption cross section. The present results are compared with these previous measurements and the discrepancies are discussed. C1 UNIV COLORADO,NOAA,COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP BURKHOLDER, JB (reprint author), NOAA,AERON LAB,R-E-AL2,325 BROADWAY,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. RI Burkholder, James/H-4914-2013 NR 32 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD FEB 20 PY 1993 VL 98 IS D2 BP 2963 EP 2974 DI 10.1029/92JD02522 PG 12 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KN689 UT WOS:A1993KN68900030 ER PT J AU DELUISI, JJ LONGENECKER, DU MATEER, CL CHU, WP AF DELUISI, JJ LONGENECKER, DU MATEER, CL CHU, WP TI ESTIMATION OF SOLAR BACKSCATTER ULTRAVIOLET ALBEDO USING GROUND-BASED UMKEHR MEASUREMENTS SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID OZONE AB A retrieval method was developed to estimate the solar backscatter ultraviolet (SBUV) satellite albedo for the ozone profiler wavelengths using ground-based ultraviolet measurements. For the present investigation the Umkehr was used as the ground-based ultraviolet measurement. Simulated SBUV data and Umkehr data theoretically computed from a priori ozone profiles observed by the SAGE 11 satellite were used to develop the retrieval algorithm and to test its capability. The test indicated that albedos for the SBUV ozone profiler wavelengths should allow estimates to a precision of +/-5% or better, depending on the accuracy of the ultraviolet measurement. Retrievals using actual Umkehr observations were also performed to provide a preliminary look at the magnitude and annual variation of retrieved albedos. A case study was performed, comparing retrieved albedos with SBUV-measured albedos. The SBUV albedo change was seen to be approximately twice as large as the albedo changes estimated by the Umkehr method. Results of the investigation suggest that the method of estimation may be useful for determining the drift rate of the SBUV calibration. C1 UNIV COLORADO,NOAA,COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI,BOULDER,CO 80309. NASA,LANGLEY RES CTR,HAMPTON,VA 23665. RP DELUISI, JJ (reprint author), NOAA,ENVIRONM RES LABS,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD FEB 20 PY 1993 VL 98 IS D2 BP 2985 EP 2993 DI 10.1029/92JD02214 PG 9 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KN689 UT WOS:A1993KN68900032 ER PT J AU RAUPACH, MR GILLETTE, DA LEYS, JF AF RAUPACH, MR GILLETTE, DA LEYS, JF TI THE EFFECT OF ROUGHNESS ELEMENTS ON WIND EROSION THRESHOLD SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID SOIL COVER AB A theory is developed to describe the dependence upon roughness density of the threshold friction velocity ratio R(t), the ratio of the threshold friction velocity of an erodible surface without roughness to that of the surface with nonerodible roughness present. The roughness density is quantified by the frontal area index lambda. The prediction is R(t) = (1 - msigmalambda)-1/2(1 + mbetalambda)-1/2 , where beta is the ratio of the drag coefficient of an isolated roughness element on the surface to the drag coefficient of the substrate surface itself; sigma is the basal-to-frontal area ratio of the roughness elements; and m (< 1) is a parameter accounting for differences between the average substrate surface stress and the maximum stress on the surface at any one point. The prediction is well verified by four independent data sets. C1 NOAA,GEOPHYS LAB CLIMATE CHANGE,AIR RESOURCES LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303. DEPT CONSERVAT & LAND MANAGEMENT,BURONGA,NSW 2648,AUSTRALIA. RP RAUPACH, MR (reprint author), CSIRO,CTR ENVIRONM MECH,GPO BOX 821,CANBERRA,ACT 2601,AUSTRALIA. NR 18 TC 214 Z9 237 U1 2 U2 29 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD FEB 20 PY 1993 VL 98 IS D2 BP 3023 EP 3029 DI 10.1029/92JD01922 PG 7 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KN689 UT WOS:A1993KN68900036 ER PT J AU HAMMOUDA, B AF HAMMOUDA, B TI SCATTERING FROM MIXTURES OF FLEXIBLE AND STIFF POLYMERS SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CONCENTRATION FLUCTUATION; HOMOPOLYMER MIXTURES; DYNAMICS; COPOLYMER; SYSTEMS; BLENDS; PHASE AB The random phase approximation (RPA) is used to calculate the scattering function for multicomponent mixtures of flexible and stiff polymers. These calculations will be useful for the qualitative interpretation of small angle neutron scattering (SANS) data from binary mixtures of polymer liquid crystals and flexible polymers in the isotropic phase region. They can predict the spinodal line as well as the isotropic-to-nematic phase transition line. Depending on the volume fraction of the rigid polymer and on the relative values of the Flory-Huggins and Maier-Saupe interaction parameters, either the spinodal line or the isotropic-to-nematic phase transition is reached first. RP HAMMOUDA, B (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,MAT SCI & ENGN LAB,BLDG 235,E 151,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 1993 VL 98 IS 4 BP 3439 EP 3444 DI 10.1063/1.464063 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA KP938 UT WOS:A1993KP93800094 ER PT J AU MCPHADEN, MJ AF MCPHADEN, MJ TI TRADE-WIND FETCH RELATED VARIATIONS IN EQUATORIAL UNDERCURRENT DEPTH, SPEED, AND TRANSPORT SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID ATLANTIC; OCEAN; PACIFIC AB A dynamical model is developed to examine the dependence of Equatorial Undercurrent depth, speed, and volume transport on trade wind fetch. The model ocean is linear, continuously stratified, vertically diffusive, and formulated on the equatorial beta plane. Analytical solutions are derived in closed form. For realistic choices of model parameters, results indicate that the undercurrent would be significantly shallower and weaker in the Atlantic than in the Pacific because of the shorter Atlantic trade wind fetch. RP MCPHADEN, MJ (reprint author), NOAA,PACIFIC MARINE ENVIRONM LAB,7600 SAND POINT WAY NE,SEATTLE,WA 98115, USA. RI McPhaden, Michael/D-9799-2016 NR 12 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD FEB 15 PY 1993 VL 98 IS C2 BP 2555 EP 2559 DI 10.1029/92JC02683 PG 5 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA KM443 UT WOS:A1993KM44300028 ER PT J AU XU, Q KEYSER, D AF XU, Q KEYSER, D TI BAROTROPIC AND BAROCLINIC AGEOSTROPHIC WINDS AND COMPLETENESS OF SOLUTION FOR THE PSI EQUATIONS SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID CIRCULATIONS; MODELS AB This paper examines the completeness of the solutions for three-dimensional ageostrophic circulations determined from the quasigeostrophic psi equations (or from the counterpart semigeostrophic psi equations in geostrophic-coordinate space). It is shown that a complete solution should contain two parts: a baroclinic part and a barotropic part. The solution of the psi equations with homogeneous (zero) upper and lower boundary conditions yields only the baroclinic part of the ageostrophic wind field, while the barotropic part can be recovered from the ageostrophic vorticity equation. The barotropic ageostrophic wind field is two-dimensional and nondivergent. It may be subdivided into rotational and harmonic parts, respectively forced by barotropic ageostrophic vorticity and by nonhomogeneous lateral boundary conditions (with nonzero cross-boundary mass flux). Methods for obtaining the complete solution are proposed and examples are given, showing the possible significance of the barotropic ageostrophic wind. C1 NOAA,ERL,NATL SEVERE STORMS LAB,NORMAN,OK 73069. SUNY ALBANY,DEPT ATMOSPHER SCI,ALBANY,NY 12222. RP XU, Q (reprint author), UNIV OKLAHOMA,COOPERAT INST MESOSCALE METEOROL STUDIES,ROOM 1110,100 E BOYD,NORMAN,OK 73019, USA. NR 18 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0022-4928 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD FEB 15 PY 1993 VL 50 IS 4 BP 588 EP 596 DI 10.1175/1520-0469(1993)050<0588:BABAWA>2.0.CO;2 PG 9 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KQ591 UT WOS:A1993KQ59100006 ER PT J AU SANFORD, NA AUST, JA MALONE, KJ LARSON, DR AF SANFORD, NA AUST, JA MALONE, KJ LARSON, DR TI LINEWIDTH NARROWING IN AN IMBALANCED Y-BRANCH WAVE-GUIDE LASER SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID WAVE-GUIDE LASER; AMPLIFIER AB A Y-branch channel waveguide laser whose branch segments were mismatched in length by 2.4% was fabricated by electric-field-assisted ion exchange in Nd-doped, mixed alkali-silicate glass. The laser output wavelength was centered at 1057.3 nm, and the linewidth was 0.4 nm FWHM. Our similarly fabricated single-channel Fabry-Perot lasers and balanced Y-branch lasers display linewidths of 3-4 nm. Pumping was performed with a cw Ti:sapphire laser operating at 785 nm. The imbalanced Y-branch laser reached threshold with an absorbed pump power of 48 mW when a 2% transmitting output coupler was used. The slope efficiency was 2%. An extended cavity was used to imbalance the arms in a second laser by a ratio of 2.8:1. This device displayed a linewidth of approximately 3.7 GHz FWHM. The linewidth narrowing of these coupled-cavity lasers is analogous to that seen in a Michelson laser. RP SANFORD, NA (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,OPT ELECTR METROL GRP 81402,325 BROADWAY,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD FEB 15 PY 1993 VL 18 IS 4 BP 281 EP 283 DI 10.1364/OL.18.000281 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA KK808 UT WOS:A1993KK80800009 PM 19802110 ER PT J AU NATANSON, LJ AF NATANSON, LJ TI EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON BAND DEPOSITION IN THE LITTLE SKATE, RAJA-ERINACEA SO COPEIA LA English DT Article ID DAILY GROWTH INCREMENTS; AGE; OTOLITHS; ATLANTIC; SHARKS AB Laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the effects of temperature on vertebral band deposition in the little skate, Raja erinacea. Skates, injected with the antibiotic tetracycline as a biological marker, were maintained in aquaria for one year. Band deposition patterns from skates kept under fluctuating temperature conditions were compared to deposition patterns of skates kept under constant conditions; all other factors were the same. No effects of temperature on band deposition were apparent, although differences in timing of body growth were noted. Annual band deposition was confirmed. RP NATANSON, LJ (reprint author), NOAA NMES,28 TARZWELL DR,NARRAGANSETT,RI 02882, USA. NR 16 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC ICHTHYOLOGISTS HERPETOLOGISTS BUSINESS OFFICE PI CARBONDALE PA SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIV, DEPT ZOOLOGY, CARBONDALE, IL 62901-6501 SN 0045-8511 J9 COPEIA JI Copeia PD FEB 11 PY 1993 IS 1 BP 199 EP 206 PG 8 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA KN220 UT WOS:A1993KN22000021 ER PT J AU WEBB, RS OVERPECK, JT AF WEBB, RS OVERPECK, JT TI GLOBAL WARMING - CARBON RESERVES RELEASED SO NATURE LA English DT Editorial Material RP WEBB, RS (reprint author), NOAA,NATL GEOPHYS DATA CTR,PALEOCLIMATOL PROGRAM,325 BROADWAY,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA PORTERS SOUTH, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON, ENGLAND N1 9XW SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD FEB 11 PY 1993 VL 361 IS 6412 BP 497 EP 498 DI 10.1038/361497a0 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA KL714 UT WOS:A1993KL71400033 ER PT J AU CUPERMAN, S BRUMA, C DETMAN, T DRYER, M AF CUPERMAN, S BRUMA, C DETMAN, T DRYER, M TI A 3-DIMENSIONAL MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC FORMALISM FOR CORONAL HELMET STREAMERS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE MHD; SUN, CORONA ID FLOWS AB A three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) formulation of the steady state coronal helmet-streamer problem is presented. It includes the simple azimuthally symmetric (partial derivative/partial derivative phi = 0) and two-dimensional (partial derivative/partial derivative phi = 0, B(phi) = 0) cases. The major mathematical difficulty-the correct, iterative calculation of the transverse electrical currents, which are the sources of the fields in Maxwell's equations-is eliminated. This is achieved by the elaboration of an algorithm connecting four different coordinate spaces: (1) spherical (r, phi, theta), in which the problem is defined and boundary conditions established; (2) computationally convenient (nu, mu, xi), in which the entire space is represented by a rectangular box of sizes (1, 2, 1) (nu = r0/r, mu = cos theta, xi = phi/2pi), therefore allowing also the imposition of boundary conditions at infinity, nu = 0 (e.g., vanishing of the magnetic field components, etc.); (3) local Frenet's, (l, c, n), defined by the orthogonal unit vectors e(l) = B/B, e(c) = R(partial derivative e(l)/partial derivative l), and e(n) = e(l) x e(c) (tangent to the field line, pointing toward the center of curvature of the field line, and normal to the osculatory plane of the field, respectively; R is the curvature radius), required for the integration of the conductive, MHD equations along magnetic field lines; and (4) Cartesian (x, y, z), in which Frenet's unit vectors as well as the derivatives along their directions are defined. An analytical proof of the results for a particular two-dimensional model is presented. C1 NOAA,ERL,SPACE ENVIRONM LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303. RP CUPERMAN, S (reprint author), TEL AVIV UNIV,RAYMOND & BEVERLY SACKLER FAC EXACT SCI,SCH PHYS & ASTRON,IL-69978 TEL AVIV,ISRAEL. NR 15 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD FEB 10 PY 1993 VL 404 IS 1 BP 356 EP 371 DI 10.1086/172285 PN 1 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA KK912 UT WOS:A1993KK91200033 ER PT J AU FOX, CG AF FOX, CG TI CONSEQUENCES OF PHASE-SEPARATION ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF HYDROTHERMAL FLUIDS AT ASHES VENT FIELD, AXIAL VOLCANO, JUAN-DE-FUCA RIDGE - REPLY SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Note RP FOX, CG (reprint author), NOAA,NATL MARINE SCI CTR,PACIFIC MARINE ENVIRONM LAB,ENVIRONM RES LABS,NEWPORT,OR 97365, USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD FEB 10 PY 1993 VL 98 IS B2 BP 1817 EP 1818 DI 10.1029/92JB02647 PG 2 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA KL595 UT WOS:A1993KL59500008 ER PT J AU KISSLINGER, C AF KISSLINGER, C TI THE STRETCHED EXPONENTIAL FUNCTION AS AN ALTERNATIVE MODEL FOR AFTERSHOCK DECAY-RATE SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article ID DIELECTRIC-RELAXATION; CALIFORNIA; SEQUENCES; TRANSPORT AB The stretched exponential (Williams-Watts) relaxation function is N* (t)=N* (0)exp[-(t/t(o)q], 02.0.CO;2 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KN456 UT WOS:A1993KN45600005 ER PT J AU BRODZIAK, J AF BRODZIAK, J TI AN EXTENSION OF STOCK COMPOSITION ANALYSIS TO INCLUDE MARKING DATA SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID PACIFIC SALMON; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; FISHERY COMPOSITION; IDENTIFICATION; ONCORHYNCHUS; MANAGEMENT; WASHINGTON AB Population characteristics and man-made marks have been applied separately to gather information on the stock composition of mixed-stock fisheries. This paper develops an extension of the finite mixture problem with learning samples model of Fournier et al. (1984. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 41: 400-408) to include marking data as well as morphometric, meristic, or biochemical genetic data for stock composition analyses. Simulation studies are used to test the model on a previously described ''problem cluster'' that consists of stocks that exhibit high levels of genetic affinity. The test results show that the inclusion of marking data can improve the accuracy of stock composition estimates. RP BRODZIAK, J (reprint author), NE FISHERIES SCI CTR,WOODS HOLE LAB,WOODS HOLE,MA 02543, USA. NR 50 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0706-652X J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 50 IS 2 BP 251 EP 257 DI 10.1139/f93-029 PG 7 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA LK296 UT WOS:A1993LK29600005 ER PT J AU MACFARLANE, RB NORTON, EC BOWERS, MJ AF MACFARLANE, RB NORTON, EC BOWERS, MJ TI LIPID DYNAMICS IN RELATION TO THE ANNUAL REPRODUCTIVE-CYCLE IN YELLOWTAIL ROCKFISH (SEBASTES-FLAVIDUS) SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID MATERNAL-FETAL RELATIONSHIP; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; SEASONAL CYCLES; GENUS SEBASTES; FISHES; VITELLOGENIN; SCORPAENIDAE; ENERGETICS; VIVIPARITY; NUTRITION AB In yellowtail rockfish (Sebastes flavidus), lipids that accumulated in mesenteries and liver during the summer and early fall upwelling were subsequently translocated to developing ovaries during late fall and winter. Tissue and serum lipids were assessed by stage of ovary maturation from fish collected monthly over six annual reproductive cycles (1985-91) from Cordell Bank, a seamount off central California. Lipids were primarily transported to ovaries prior to fertilization. Energetic lipids (triglycerides, nonesterified fatty acids) were maximal in serum during yolk accumulation stages and declined significantly during embryonic stages. Between fertilization and parturition, lipid and protein content of ovaries declined by about 21 %, a value approaching the minimum for lecithotrophy (i.e. ovoviviparity). During gestation, however, serum phospholipids and calcium (vitellogenin surrogate) were significantly elevated relative to male levels, suggesting matrotrophic contributions. A reproductive mode that is primarily lecithotrophic but supplemented by maternal inputs during embryogenesis would be beneficial to viviparous fishes of the California coast. This strategy may optimize reproduction by coupling the disparate times of food abundance and gestation, yet allow for provision of nutrients late in the reproductive cycle should they be available. RP MACFARLANE, RB (reprint author), NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,SW FISHERIES SCI CTR,TIBURON LAB,TIBURON,CA 94920, USA. NR 46 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 4 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0706-652X J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 50 IS 2 BP 391 EP 401 DI 10.1139/f93-044 PG 11 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA LK296 UT WOS:A1993LK29600020 ER PT J AU ELKHADEM, HS SHALABY, MA COXON, B FATIADI, AJ AF ELKHADEM, HS SHALABY, MA COXON, B FATIADI, AJ TI THE REACTION OF PHENYLHYDRAZINE WITH SQUARIC ACID - A MODEL FOR CARBOHYDRATE OSAZONE FORMATION SO CARBOHYDRATE RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB The reaction of squaric acid (1) with phenylhydrazine yields cyclobutanetetraone poly(phenylhydrazones) (2-4), as reported earlier, as well as squaric acid derivatives, reported here. The latter products are a salt, 1,3-dianilinocyclobutenediylium-2,4-diolate (5), and 1-anilino-2-phenylhydrazino-cyclobutene-3,4-dione (6), which upon oxidation yields tautomeric forms of cyclobutanetetraone 1-anilide-2-phenylhydrazone (7a and 7b). The structure of the compounds isolated was established by H-1, C-13, 2D COSY, and 2D J-resolved NMR spectroscopy. The similarity between the reaction of squaric acid (1) with phenylhydrazine and osazone formation can be seen from the analogy between compounds 2, 6, and 7b and intermediates produced during carbohydrate osazone formation, as well as from the fact that these compounds afford an osazone analog (4) when treated with phenylhydrazine. It was also found that compound 5 can be generated by a retro-osazone reaction when cyclobutanetetraone bis(phenylhydrazone) (2) is heated with aniline. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV BIOTECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP ELKHADEM, HS (reprint author), AMERICAN UNIV,DEPT CHEM,4400 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW,WASHINGTON,DC 20016, USA. NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0008-6215 J9 CARBOHYD RES JI Carbohydr. Res. PD FEB 1 PY 1993 VL 239 BP 85 EP 93 DI 10.1016/0008-6215(93)84205-K PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Organic SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA KL211 UT WOS:A1993KL21100007 ER PT J AU WYTHOFF, BJ AF WYTHOFF, BJ TI BACKPROPAGATION NEURAL NETWORKS - A TUTORIAL SO CHEMOMETRICS AND INTELLIGENT LABORATORY SYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID INFRARED-SPECTRUM INTERPRETATION; PATTERN-RECOGNITION; PHARMACEUTICAL PROBLEMS; BACK-PROPAGATION; OPTIMIZATION; CALIBRATION; PREDICTION; CHEMISTRY AB Artificial neural networks have enjoyed explosive growth in the past ten years. An indication of the rate of growth of research in this area is the fact that, although the first research journal devoted exclusively to this subject was just introduced in 1987, there are now at least five refereed neural net research journals. These developments are being taken seriously by the semiconductor industry as well: in addition to a host of products developed by smaller firms, Intel, AT&T Bell Labs, Motorola and Hitachi have all introduced silicon implementations of neural network algorithms. Neural networks have a very broad scope of potential application, including many tasks central to chemical research and development. This tutorial begins with a short history of neural network research, and a review of chemical applications. The bulk, however, is devoted to providing a clear and detailed introduction to the theory behind backpropagation neural networks, along with a discussion of practical issues facing developers. RP WYTHOFF, BJ (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, DIV INORGAN ANALYT RES, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. NR 44 TC 144 Z9 147 U1 3 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-7439 EI 1873-3239 J9 CHEMOMETR INTELL LAB JI Chemometrics Intell. Lab. Syst. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 18 IS 2 BP 115 EP 155 DI 10.1016/0169-7439(93)80052-J PG 41 WC Automation & Control Systems; Chemistry, Analytical; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Instruments & Instrumentation; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics & Probability SC Automation & Control Systems; Chemistry; Computer Science; Instruments & Instrumentation; Mathematics GA KQ697 UT WOS:A1993KQ69700001 ER PT J AU ECKERLE, KL BASTIE, J ZWINKELS, J SAPRITSKY, V ULYANOV, A AF ECKERLE, KL BASTIE, J ZWINKELS, J SAPRITSKY, V ULYANOV, A TI COMPARISON OF REGULAR TRANSMITTANCE SCALES OF 4 NATIONAL STANDARDIZING LABORATORIES SO COLOR RESEARCH AND APPLICATION LA English DT Article AB A comparison of the regular spectral transmittance scales of National Institute of Standards and Technology (USA), Institut National de Metrologie (France), National Research Council (Canada), and All-Union Research Institute for Optical and Physical Measurements (CIS) was accomplished using neutral glass filters with transmittances ranging from approximately 0.92 to 0.001. Storing the filters for almost four years produced no conclusive evidence of improvement over a previous interchange between NIST and three different national standardizing laboratories when the filters were stored for only 30 days. The agreement ranges from 0.01% to 0.3% depending on the laboratory and the filter used. The uncertainties (99.7% estimated confidence level) are generally greater than the differences between NIST and the individual laboratories. The sample-induced error contributed 20% or more of the total uncertainty except for a few cases as found in the previous comparison. This interchange, similar to the previous one, is part of an ongoing effort to obtain international standardization. C1 INST NATL METROL,F-75003 PARIS,FRANCE. NATL RES COUNCIL CANADA,INST NATL MEASUREMENT STAND,OTTAWA K1A 0R6,ONTARIO,CANADA. ALL UNION OPT & PHYS MEASUREMENTS RES INST,PHOTOMETRY & RADIOMETRY LAB,MOSCOW 119361,RUSSIA. RP ECKERLE, KL (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV RADIOMETR PHYS,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0361-2317 J9 COLOR RES APPL JI Color Res. Appl. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 18 IS 1 BP 35 EP 40 DI 10.1002/col.5080180107 PG 6 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA KH607 UT WOS:A1993KH60700004 ER PT J AU SIJELMASSI, R STRAUSSER, B AF SIJELMASSI, R STRAUSSER, B TI THE PET AND DINGO TOOLS FOR DERIVING DISTRIBUTED IMPLEMENTATIONS FROM ESTELLE SO COMPUTER NETWORKS AND ISDN SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE ESTELLE; FORMAL DESCRIPTION TECHNIQUES; DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS; OPEN SYSTEMS INTERCONNECTION; FINITE STATE MACHINES; COMPILER AB The combination of the Portable Estelle Translator and the Distributed ImplementatioN GeneratOr tools produces distributed implementations from Estelle specifications. The resulting implementations run as one or more operating system processes distributed over several sites of a target distributed system. In addition, the tools generate elements of an X-Window interface which allows centralized or distributed monitoring of some or all of the running modules. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,NATL COMP SYST LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 19 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-7552 J9 COMPUT NETWORKS ISDN JI Comput. Netw. ISDN Syst. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 25 IS 7 BP 841 EP 851 DI 10.1016/0169-7552(93)90051-5 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA KL960 UT WOS:A1993KL96000008 ER PT J AU REED, RK STABENO, PJ AF REED, RK STABENO, PJ TI OBSERVATIONS OF VELOCITY DIVERGENCE IN SHELIKOF STRAIT, ALASKA SO CONTINENTAL SHELF RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID GULF; SEA AB Direct observations of horizontal velocity divergence and relative vorticity were made in Shelikof Strait, Alaska during May 1990 with Loran-C buoys and satellite-tracked drifters. These kinematic properties typically had values of 2 x 10(-5) s-1. Some of the observations indicated a cyclic divergence which appeared to be linked to the rise and fall of the pycnocline driven by an internal, semidaily tide. The data also suggested that the net divergence over several days was quite small: thus larval concentration models can ignore this effect. RP REED, RK (reprint author), NOAA,PACIFIC MARINE ENVIRONM LAB,SEATTLE,WA 98115, USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0278-4343 J9 CONT SHELF RES JI Cont. Shelf Res. PD FEB-MAR PY 1993 VL 13 IS 2-3 BP 225 EP 232 DI 10.1016/0278-4343(93)90107-9 PG 8 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA KH766 UT WOS:A1993KH76600006 ER PT J AU PODESTA, GP BROWDER, JA HOEY, JJ AF PODESTA, GP BROWDER, JA HOEY, JJ TI EXPLORING THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SWORDFISH CATCH RATES AND THERMAL FRONTS ON UNITED-STATES LONGLINE GROUNDS IN THE WESTERN NORTH-ATLANTIC SO CONTINENTAL SHELF RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID THUNNUS-ALALUNGA; XIPHIAS-GLADIUS; TUNA CATCH; GULF; ALBACORE; SHELF; SLOPE; REGRESSION; PATTERNS; FEATURES AB Associations between ocean surface thermal fronts and the swordfish catch rates of U.S. longline vessels were explored. The study area was the western North Atlantic off the United States, extending from 32-degrees-N to 45-degrees-N and from 76-degrees-W to 63-degrees-W. To locate and describe fronts, we used three variables computed from satellite-derived sea surface temperature (SST): horizontal gradient, distance to nearest thermal surface front, and frontal density. Most of the fishing effort analysed occurred along the edge of the continental shelf, where there was a high frequency of frontal presence. Very high catch per unit effort (CPUE) occurred more frequently in the vicinity of fronts than would be expected by chance. The high variability of CPUE that could not be explained by our frontal parameters suggested other, unmeasured, factors also influenced catch rates. C1 NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,SE FISHERIES CTR,MIAMI,FL 33149. NATL FISHERIES INST,ARLINGTON,VA 22209. RP PODESTA, GP (reprint author), UNIV MIAMI,ROSENSTIEL SCH MARINE & ATMOSPHER SCI,4600 RICKENBACKER CSWY,MIAMI,FL 33149, USA. OI Podesta, Guillermo/0000-0002-4909-0567 NR 48 TC 91 Z9 92 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0278-4343 J9 CONT SHELF RES JI Cont. Shelf Res. PD FEB-MAR PY 1993 VL 13 IS 2-3 BP 253 EP & DI 10.1016/0278-4343(93)90109-B PG 0 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA KH766 UT WOS:A1993KH76600008 ER PT J AU MARIUZZA, RA POLJAK, RJ AF MARIUZZA, RA POLJAK, RJ TI THE BASICS OF BINDING - MECHANISMS OF ANTIGEN RECOGNITION AND MIMICRY BY ANTIBODIES SO CURRENT OPINION IN IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Review ID 3-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURE; COMPLEX; THERMODYNAMICS; ASSOCIATION; PEPTIDE AB New insights into the nature of antigen-antibody recognition have been gained through X-ray crystallographic studies of immune complexes. In particular, it has been demonstrated that water molecules form an extended network bridging antigen and antibody, and are essential in achieving shape and chemical complementarity between their interacting surfaces. This finding has important implications for the energetics of the association reaction. Recently, X-ray data on the complex between a peptide hormone and an anti-anti-idiotypic antibody have been obtained. This has relevance to the structural basis of antigen mimicry by antibodies. The conformation of the bound peptide was found to be very similar to that of an antibody complementarity determining region loop, providing a direct structural explanation for how antigen mimicry by anti-idiotypic antibodies might occur. C1 INST PASTEUR,F-75724 PARIS 15,FRANCE. RP MARIUZZA, RA (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,CTR ADV RES BIOTECHNOL,9600 GUDELSKY DR,ROCKVILLE,MD 20850, USA. NR 34 TC 77 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 3 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 34-42 CLEVELAND STREET, LONDON, ENGLAND W1P 6LB SN 0952-7915 J9 CURR OPIN IMMUNOL JI Curr. Opin. Immunol. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 5 IS 1 BP 50 EP 55 DI 10.1016/0952-7915(93)90080-C PG 6 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA KN293 UT WOS:A1993KN29300009 PM 8452674 ER PT J AU OCONNOR, TP AF OCONNOR, TP TI SEDIMENT QUALITY CRITERIA SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Letter RP OCONNOR, TP (reprint author), US DEPT COMMERCE,NATL OCEAN SERV,COASTAL MONITORING BRANCH,WASHINGTON,DC 20230, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 27 IS 2 BP 205 EP 205 PG 1 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KK656 UT WOS:A1993KK65600004 ER PT J AU FALKNER, KK KLINKHAMMER, GP BOWERS, TS TODD, JF LEWIS, BL LANDING, WM EDMOND, JM AF FALKNER, KK KLINKHAMMER, GP BOWERS, TS TODD, JF LEWIS, BL LANDING, WM EDMOND, JM TI THE BEHAVIOR OF BARIUM IN ANOXIC MARINE WATERS SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID BLACK-SEA; CARIACO TRENCH; SUSPENDED PARTICLES; PARTICULATE MATTER; FRAMVAREN FJORD; PACIFIC-OCEAN; SEDIMENTS; RA-226; GEOCHEMISTRY; VARIABILITY AB The present day distributions of Ba in the water columns at three anoxic marine sites, namely the Cariaco Trench, Framvaren Fjord, and Black Sea, are presented. Dissolved Ba levels generally increase with depth, ranging from 45-85, 64-280, and 180-460 nM in surface and bottom waters for the three basins, respectively. Small maxima are observed in the vicinity of the in redox interface in both the Framvaren Fjord and Black Sea. Comparison of the dissolved and particulate Ba, Fe, and Mn distributions show that the maxima do not result from adsorption onto freshly precipitated Fe and/or Mn oxyhydroxides. As for the open ocean, Ba cycling in all three basins is dominated by its uptake. primarily in the form of barite, into particulate matter associated with productivity in surface waters, followed by its regeneration at depth or in the sediments. Microbiological activity near the redox interface promotes the breakdown of settling particulate matter and the release of barite just above the O2/H2S interface in the Black Sea, and most likely in the Framvaren Fjord, thus providing in part for the observed maxima. Dissolution of such barite in the marginal sediments of these basins probably also contributes to the maxima. Thermodynamic calculations show deep Black Sea Ba concentrations exceed saturation with respect to pure barite by at least a factor of 2. However, the uniformity of the deep water concentrations suggests thermodynamic control by some phase; it is likely that impurities. incorporated into barite during its rapid formation near the surface in microenvironments provided by decaying organisms, are responsible for the levels observed. Additional factors controlling the distributions of Ba in each basin are also discussed. C1 MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. NOAA,OFF GLOBAL PROGRAMS,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910. FLORIDA STATE UNIV,DEPT OCEANOG,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32036. NR 113 TC 70 Z9 73 U1 1 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD FEB PY 1993 VL 57 IS 3 BP 537 EP 554 DI 10.1016/0016-7037(93)90366-5 PG 18 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA KM508 UT WOS:A1993KM50800004 ER PT J AU POLACHECK, T VOLSTAD, JH AF POLACHECK, T VOLSTAD, JH TI ANALYSIS OF SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF GEORGES BANK HADDOCK (MELANOGRAMMUS-AEGLEFINUS) FROM TRAWL SURVEY DATA USING A LINEAR-REGRESSION MODEL WITH SPATIAL INTERACTION SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION; REGRESSION MODELS; SPATIAL AUTOCORRELATION; MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD ESTIMATION; GEORGES BANK HADDOCK ID AUTOCORRELATION; COMMUNITY; ABUNDANCE C1 NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,WOODS HOLE LAB,WOODS HOLE,MA 02543. INST MARINE RES,N-5024 BERGEN,NORWAY. RI Volstad, Jon/B-7451-2014 NR 34 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 1054-3139 J9 ICES J MAR SCI JI ICES J. Mar. Sci. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 50 IS 1 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1006/jmsc.1993.1001 PG 8 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA KT187 UT WOS:A1993KT18700001 ER PT J AU ROY, S GHATAK, AK GOYAL, IC GALLAWA, RL AF ROY, S GHATAK, AK GOYAL, IC GALLAWA, RL TI MODIFIED AIRY FUNCTION-METHOD FOR THE ANALYSIS OF TUNNELING PROBLEMS IN OPTICAL WAVE-GUIDES AND QUANTUM-WELL STRUCTURES SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article ID PLANAR WAVE-GUIDES; ARBITRARY POTENTIAL BARRIERS; SCHRODINGER-EQUATION; MATRIX APPROACH; TRANSMISSION; PROFILES; LEAKY; MODES AB We present a simple method for the analysis of tunneling through an arbitrary one-dimensional potential barrier, based on the modified Airy function approach. We have considered truncated step-linear, step-exponential, parabolic, and quartic potential barriers. The results have been compared with those obtained by the conventional WKBJ, modified WKBJ, and the matrix method. The effect of the truncation level on the tunneling coefficient has also been investigated. The tunneling coefficient is sensitive to the truncation level. For the step-linear potential, the tunneling coefficient is a monotonically decreasing function of the truncation level, while for the parabolic potential, it oscillates before saturating to a constant value. C1 NATL INST STAND TECHNOL,TECH STAFF,BOULDER,CO. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV ELECTROMAGNET TECHNOL,BOULDER,CO 80303. RP ROY, S (reprint author), INDIAN INST TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,NEW DELHI 110016,INDIA. NR 34 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9197 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 29 IS 2 BP 340 EP 345 DI 10.1109/3.199287 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA KQ480 UT WOS:A1993KQ48000006 ER PT J AU HILL, DA CRAWFORD, ML KANDA, M WU, DI AF HILL, DA CRAWFORD, ML KANDA, M WU, DI TI APERTURE COUPLING TO A COAXIAL AIR LINE - THEORY AND EXPERIMENT SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY LA English DT Article AB Coupling through a circular aperture in the shield of a coaxial air line is studied theoretically and experimentally. Polarizability theory is used to compute the effective dipole moments that excite the coaxial line in the internal region. Measurements of shielding effectiveness were made in a reverberation chamber over wide-frequency ranges. Agreement between theory and measurements is generally within +/-10 dB. Recommendations for improvements in the measurements and theory are made for achieving closer agreement that would be desirable for an artifact standard for shielding effectiveness measurements. C1 UNIV COLORADO,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP HILL, DA (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV FIELDS,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. NR 15 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9375 J9 IEEE T ELECTROMAGN C JI IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 35 IS 1 BP 69 EP 74 DI 10.1109/15.249397 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA KJ434 UT WOS:A1993KJ43400008 ER PT J AU RANDA, J AF RANDA, J TI CORRECTION FACTOR FOR NONPLANAR INCIDENT FIELD IN MONOPOLE CALIBRATIONS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY LA English DT Note AB In calibrating monopole antennas, the length of the antenna can be comparable to the separation distance. In that case, there is a significant variation in both the magnitude and the phase of the incident field along the length of the antenna under test. This paper presents an expression for a correction factor to account for this effect. We evaluate the correction factor for some representative cases and present some guidelines for when this factor should be taken into account. The effect can exceed 1 dB in some practical cases. RP RANDA, J (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV ELECTROMAGNET FIELDS,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. NR 3 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9375 J9 IEEE T ELECTROMAGN C JI IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 35 IS 1 BP 94 EP 96 DI 10.1109/15.249401 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA KJ434 UT WOS:A1993KJ43400012 ER PT J AU WAIT, D ENGEN, GF AF WAIT, D ENGEN, GF TI APPLICATION OF RADIOMETRY TO THE ACCURATE MEASUREMENT OF AMPLIFIER NOISE (VOL 40, PG 433, 1991) SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT LA English DT Correction, Addition RP WAIT, D (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. NR 1 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9456 J9 IEEE T INSTRUM MEAS JI IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 42 IS 1 BP 78 EP 78 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA KU316 UT WOS:A1993KU31600023 ER PT J AU ALFASSI, ZB SHOUTE, LCT AF ALFASSI, ZB SHOUTE, LCT TI TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE OF THE SELF-DECAY RATE CONSTANTS OF SOME PHENOXYL RADICALS IN AQUEOUS-SOLUTION SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS LA English DT Article ID PULSE-RADIOLYSIS; ABSORPTION-SPECTRUM; RADIATION-CHEMISTRY; RAMAN-SPECTRUM; WATER; OH AB The Arrhenius parameters of the bimolecular rate constants for the decay of several phenoxyl radicals in aqueous solution were measured. The p-halophenoxyl radicals (F, Cl, and Br) decay in a diffusion controlled reaction as the activation energies are the same as that of diffusion of water (16 +/- 1.5 kJ . mol-1). The A factors are 10(12.2 +/- 0.2). For alkyl and alkoxy substituted phenoxyl, slightly higher activation energies were found (19.5 - 21.9 kJ . mol-1). C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV CHEM KINET,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 43 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0538-8066 J9 INT J CHEM KINET JI Int. J. Chem. Kinet. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 25 IS 2 BP 79 EP 90 DI 10.1002/kin.550250203 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA KH521 UT WOS:A1993KH52100002 ER PT J AU CRAFT, NE WISE, SA SOARES, JH AF CRAFT, NE WISE, SA SOARES, JH TI INDIVIDUAL CAROTENOID CONTENT OF SRM-1548 TOTAL DIET AND INFLUENCE OF STORAGE-TEMPERATURE, LYOPHILIZATION, AND IRRADIATION ON DIETARY CAROTENOIDS SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; BETA-CAROTENE; VEGETABLES; FRUITS; SEPARATION; CANCER; MEN; IDENTIFICATION; QUANTIFICATION; DEGRADATION AB A modified version of the AOAC procedure for the extraction of carotenoids from mixed feeds was coupled with an isocratic reversed-phase liquid chromatography (LC) method to measure individual carotenoids in SRM 1548 total diet and in a high-carotenoid mixed diet (HCMD). The major carotenoids identified in SRM 1548 were lycopene, beta-carotene, lutein, alpha-carotene, and zeaxanthin in descending order of concentration. The concentration of all carotenoids in SRM 1548 decreased as storage temperature increased. Significant differences in carotenoid concentrations occurred between -80 and 4-degrees-C storage temperatures. Lyophilization of the HCMD significantly decreased beta-carotene and lycopene concentrations and produced an apparent increase in xanthophyll concentrations. Exposure to gamma-irradiation significantly decreased alpha-carotene and beta-carotene concentrations and led to an apparent increase in beta-cryptoxanthin. SRM 1548 was found to be unsuitable for use as a reference material for carotenoid measurements, while HCMD has greater potential as a reference material. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT NUTR SCI,COLL PK,MD 20742. RP CRAFT, NE (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV ORGAN ANALYT RES,CHEM SCI & TECHNOL LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 33 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 41 IS 2 BP 208 EP 213 DI 10.1021/jf00026a012 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA KM916 UT WOS:A1993KM91600012 ER PT J AU COLE, KD AF COLE, KD TI SEPARATION OF LIPOXYGENASE AND THE MAJOR SOYBEAN PROTEINS USING AQUEOUS 2-PHASE EXTRACTION AND POLY(ETHYLENE GLYCOL) PRECIPITATION SYSTEMS SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID RESOLUTION 2-DIMENSIONAL ELECTROPHORESIS; TRYPSIN-INHIBITOR; POLYACRYLAMIDE GELS; SEED PROTEIN; INHERITANCE AB This paper examines the separation of lipoxygenase and the major proteins in soybeans using aqueous two-pha.se extraction and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) precipitation systems. The aqueous two-phase systems were composed of poly(ethylene glycol) and the salt ammonium sulfate. The major proteins examined include glycinin, beta-conglycinin, soybean agglutinin, lipoxygenase, and soybean trypsin inhibitor. Enzymatic activity was used to measure the partitioning and solubility of lipoxygenase. Lipoxygenase was found to partition almost exclusively to the top phase. Solubility of lipoxygenase in poly(ethylene glycol) systema was found to be dependent on ionic strength. High-resolution gel electrophoresis was used to examine the spectrum of proteins present in the top and bottom phases of two-phase systems and the supernatant of PEG systems. The proteins present in the acid-soluble fraction were also examined by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. RP COLE, KD (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 35 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 41 IS 2 BP 334 EP 340 DI 10.1021/jf00026a039 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA KM916 UT WOS:A1993KM91600039 ER PT J AU MIGHELL, AD RODGERS, JR KAREN, VL AF MIGHELL, AD RODGERS, JR KAREN, VL TI PROTEIN SYMMETRY - METRIC AND CRYSTAL (A PRECAUTIONARY NOTE) SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article AB A review of the symmetry of proteins has revealed that in many cases the metric symmetry exceeds the reported crystal symmetry. Regardless of the reason, this observation has important implications for experimental protein crystallography. Standard laboratory procedure should always include a direct determination of the lattice metric symmetry. With full knowledge of the highest possible symmetry, the experimentalist is then able to determine in a logical and accurate manner the Laue group and the space group. For those proteins in which it has been proved that the metric symmetry exceeds the crystal symmetry, the protein crystallographer must proceed with caution (e.g. in relating multiple sets of data, positional parameters etc. on the same or related crystals), because a given lattice will have metrically similar unit cells that are not symmetrically equivalent. C1 NATL RES COUNCIL CANADA,CANADA INST SCI & TECH INFORMAT,OTTAWA K1A 0S2,ON,CANADA. RP MIGHELL, AD (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV REACTOR RADIAT,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0021-8898 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD FEB 1 PY 1993 VL 26 BP 68 EP 70 DI 10.1107/S0021889892008434 PN 1 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA KM898 UT WOS:A1993KM89800010 ER PT J AU BALZAR, D LEDBETTER, H AF BALZAR, D LEDBETTER, H TI VOIGT-FUNCTION MODELING IN FOURIER-ANALYSIS OF SIZE-BROADENED AND STRAIN-BROADENED X-RAY-DIFFRACTION PEAKS SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID PROFILE-FITTING PROCEDURE; METHODOLOGY; REFINEMENT AB With the assumption that both size- and strain-broadened profiles of the pure-specimen function are described with a Voigt function, it is shown that the analysis of Fourier coefficients leads to the Warren-Averbach method of separation of size and strain contributions. The analysis of size coefficients shows that the 'hook' effect occurs when the Cauchy content of the size-broadened profile is underestimated. The ratio of volume-weighted and surface-weighted domain sizes can change from approximately 1.31, for the minimum allowed Cauchy content, to 2, when the size-broadened profile is given solely by a Cauchy function. If the distortion coefficient is approximated by a harmonic term, mean-square strains decrease linearly with increasing the averaging distance. The local strain is finite only in the case of purely Gaussian strain broadening, because strains are then independent of averaging distance. RP BALZAR, D (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,MAT SCI & ENGN LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. NR 30 TC 163 Z9 165 U1 0 U2 18 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0021-8898 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD FEB 1 PY 1993 VL 26 BP 97 EP 103 DI 10.1107/S0021889892008987 PN 1 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA KM898 UT WOS:A1993KM89800015 ER PT J AU CHIU, LS CHANG, ATC JANOWIAK, J AF CHIU, LS CHANG, ATC JANOWIAK, J TI COMPARISON OF MONTHLY RAIN RATES DERIVED FROM GPI AND SSM/I USING PROBABILITY-DISTRIBUTION FUNCTIONS SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONF ON MESOSCALE PRECIPITATION : HYDROLOGIC AND METEOROLOGICAL ASPECTS CY FEB 27-MAR 01, 1991 CL COLLEGE STN, TX SP AMER METEOL SOC, AMER GEOPHYS UNION, NASA, NATL SCI FDN, TEXAS INST OCEANOG ID PRECIPITATION; OCEANS; 30-DEGREES-S AB Three years of monthly rain rates over 5-degrees x 5-degrees latitude-longitude boxes have been calculated for oceanic regions 50-degrees-N-50-degrees-S from measurements taken by the Special Sensor Microwave/Imager on board the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program satellites using the technique developed by Wilheit et al. The annual and seasonal zonal-mean rain rates are larger than Jaeger's climatological estimates but are smaller than those estimated from the GOES precipitation index (GPI) for the same period. Regional comparison with the GPI showed that these rain rates are smaller in the north Indian Ocean and in the southern extratropics where the GPI is known to overestimate. The differences are also dominated by a jump at 170-degrees-W in the GPI rain rates across the mid Pacific Ocean. This jump is attributed to the fusion of different satellite measurements in producing the GPI. C1 NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,HYDROL SCI BRANCH,GREENBELT,MD 20771. NOAA,NMC,CAC,CTR CLIMATE ANAL,WASHINGTON,DC 20230. RP CHIU, LS (reprint author), GEN SCI CORP,61 CHEVY CHASE DR,LAUREL,MD 20707, USA. NR 24 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0894-8763 J9 J APPL METEOROL JI J. Appl. Meteorol. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 32 IS 2 BP 323 EP 334 DI 10.1175/1520-0450(1993)032<0323:COMRRD>2.0.CO;2 PG 12 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KL909 UT WOS:A1993KL90900015 ER PT J AU VELLANKI, J NADELLA, RK RAO, MV HOLLAND, OW SIMONS, DS CHI, PH AF VELLANKI, J NADELLA, RK RAO, MV HOLLAND, OW SIMONS, DS CHI, PH TI MEV ENERGY FE AND CO IMPLANTS TO OBTAIN BURIED HIGH-RESISTANCE LAYERS AND TO COMPENSATE DONOR IMPLANT TAILS IN INP SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-RESISTIVITY LAYERS; ION-IMPLANTATION; DOPED INP; BOMBARDMENT; REDISTRIBUTION; CRYSTALS AB High-energy Fe and Co implantations were performed into InP:Sn at room temperature and 200-degrees-C in the energy range 0.34-5.0 MeV. Range statistics were calculated for these ions in the above energy range. For the room-temperature implants, implant redistribution peaks around 0.8R(p) and R(p) + DELTAR(p), and both in- and out-diffusion of the implant are observed in the secondary-ion-mass-spectroscopy profiles of the annealed samples. The implant redistribution present in the room-temperature implants is much different than in elevated-temperature implants. For buried (high-energy) implants, much of the implant diffusion is eliminated if the implants are performed at 200-degrees-C. For 200-degrees-C implants, the yield of the Rutherford backscattering spectra on the annealed samples is close to that of a virgin sample. The MeV energy Fe and Co implantations at 200-degrees-C are useful to obtain thermally stable, buried, and high-resistance layers of good crystalline quality in n-type InP and for the compensation of the tail of the buried n-type implant. However, due to the low solubility of Fe and Co in InP, the implants of these species are useful only to compensate n-type carriers with concentrations below 10(17) cm-3. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV SURFACE & MICROANAL SCI,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP VELLANKI, J (reprint author), GEORGE MASON UNIV,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,FAIRFAX,VA 22030, USA. NR 33 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 1993 VL 73 IS 3 BP 1126 EP 1132 DI 10.1063/1.353277 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA KK921 UT WOS:A1993KK92100018 ER PT J AU EZER, T MELLOR, GL KO, DS SIRKES, Z AF EZER, T MELLOR, GL KO, DS SIRKES, Z TI A COMPARISON OF GULF-STREAM SEA-SURFACE HEIGHT FIELDS DERIVED FROM GEOSAT ALTIMETER DATA AND THOSE DERIVED FROM SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE DATA SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Two types of satellite data, Geosat altimeter data and sea surface temperature data (SST), are compared and evaluated for their usefulness in assimilation into a numerical model of the Gulf Stream region. Synoptic sea surface height (SSH) fields are derived from the SST data in the following way: first, three-dimensional temperature and salinity analysis fields are obtained through the Optimum Thermal Interpolation System (OTIS), and then SSH fields are calculated using a primitive equation, free-surface, numerical model running in a diagnostic mode. The aforementioned SSH fields are compared with SSH fields obtained from the Geosat altimeter data. Use of Geosat data requires an estimate of the mean SSH field relative to the earth geoid. Three different methods to obtain the mean SSH field are demonstrated. The first method uses altimetry and SST data; the second uses a diagnostic calculation with climatological data; and the third uses prognostic numerical calculations. The three estimates compared favorably with each other and with estimates obtained elsewhere. The comparison of the synoptic SSH fields derived from both data types reveals similarity in the Gulf Stream meanders and some mesoscale features, but shows differences in strength of eddies and in variability far from the Gulf Stream. Due to the smoothed nature of the OTIS analysis fields, the SSH derived from altimetry data has larger variability amplitudes compared to that derived from SST data. The statistical interpolation method, which is used to interpolate altimetry data from satellite tracks onto the model grid, is also evaluated for its filtering effect and its sensitivity to different parameters. The SSH variability of the Gulf Stream was calculated from two years of the exact repeat mission of the Geosat satellite, where altimeter data were interpolated daily onto the model grid. It is suggested here that some of the underestimation of mesoscale variations by statistical interpolation methods, as indicated by previous studies, may be explained by the filtering effect of the scheme. RP EZER, T (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,ATMOSPHER & OCEAN SCI PROGRAM,POB CN710,SAYRE HALL,PRINCETON,NJ 08544, USA. OI Ezer, Tal/0000-0002-2018-6071 NR 0 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0739-0572 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 10 IS 1 BP 76 EP 87 DI 10.1175/1520-0426(1993)010<0076:ACOGSS>2.0.CO;2 PG 12 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA LM203 UT WOS:A1993LM20300007 ER PT J AU BITTERMAN, DS HANSEN, DV AF BITTERMAN, DS HANSEN, DV TI EVALUATION OF SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE-MEASUREMENTS FROM DRIFTING BUOYS SO JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Three drift-buoy designs have been deployed since 1988 in substantial numbers in the tropical Pacific Ocean by United States participants as part of the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere (TOGA) Pan Pacific Surface Current Study. These include the Low Cost Tropical Drifter designed and built at the Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, the Low Cost Drifter (LCD) designed and built by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Draper Laboratories, and the Ministar Drifter designed and built at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography and built by Tecnocean Inc., San Diego, California, which has subsequently become known as the World Ocean Climate Experiment standard drifter. This report contains an evaluation of the performance of the sea surface temperature measurement system carried by these buoy designs. Based on comparisons of the monthly mean SST derived from the available XBT and CTD casts and on intercomparisons among each of the buoy types, all three designs appear to include a warm bias in the surface temperatures they report. The LCD showed a larger mean bias and diurnal variation from solar heating than the other two buoy types. This difference is probably due to the location chosen for its sensor, resulting in poor thermal contact with the surrounding water. RP BITTERMAN, DS (reprint author), NOAA,ERL,ATLANTIC OCEANOG & METEOROL LAB,DIV PHYS OCEAN,4301 RICKENBACKER CAUSEWAY,MIAMI,FL 33149, USA. NR 0 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0739-0572 J9 J ATMOS OCEAN TECH JI J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 10 IS 1 BP 88 EP 96 DI 10.1175/1520-0426(1993)010<0088:EOSSTM>2.0.CO;2 PG 9 WC Engineering, Ocean; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA LM203 UT WOS:A1993LM20300008 ER PT J AU TOMAZIC, BB BROWN, WE EANES, ED AF TOMAZIC, BB BROWN, WE EANES, ED TI A CRITICAL-EVALUATION OF THE PURIFICATION OF BIOMINERALS BY HYPOCHLORITE TREATMENT SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID BONE AB The quantitative deproteination of calcific deposits from surgically explanted heart valve bioprostheses was carried out by both hypochlorite and hydrazine extraction to establish which is the better procedure for preparing purified mineral suitable for detailed chemical and structural characterization. Hypochlorite treatment resulted in a material with a higher Ca/PO4 ratio than that of the untreated deposits. The hydrazine treatment did not produce such an effect. A systematic comparison of x-ray diffraction patterns of calcific deposits showed an increase in crystallinity of hypochlorite-treated versus native material, while the crystallinity of hydrazine-treated materials did not change. One other result of the hypochlorite treatment was a pronounced disaggregation of well-ground calcific deposits into a particle populations ranging from 50-300 nm in size, as shown by scanning electron microscopy. Results comparable to the above findings were also obtained when the two treatments were applied to other bioapatites. On the other hand, mineral solubilities were comparable, regardless of which deproteination treatment was used. The principal conclusion from this study is that hydrazine deproteination is preferable to hypochlorite extraction in isolating pathologic mineral deposits from bioprosthetic materials for further study. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,NIDR,BONE RES ASSOCIATE PROGRAM,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP TOMAZIC, BB (reprint author), AMER DENT ASSOC,HLTH FDN,PAFFENBARGER RES CTR,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 30035] NR 13 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0021-9304 J9 J BIOMED MATER RES JI J. Biomed. Mater. Res. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 27 IS 2 BP 217 EP 225 DI 10.1002/jbm.820270211 PG 9 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Engineering; Materials Science GA KG410 UT WOS:A1993KG41000010 PM 8436578 ER PT J AU PARSON, R AF PARSON, R TI VISUALIZING THE VARIATION PRINCIPLE - AN INTUITIVE APPROACH TO INTERPRETING THE THEOREM IN GEOMETRIC TERMS SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION LA English DT Article C1 UNIV COLORADO,JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80309. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP PARSON, R (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0021-9584 J9 J CHEM EDUC JI J. Chem. Educ. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 70 IS 2 BP 115 EP 119 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Education, Scientific Disciplines SC Chemistry; Education & Educational Research GA KT436 UT WOS:A1993KT43600017 ER PT J AU HUDGENS, JW JOHNSON, RD TSAI, BP AF HUDGENS, JW JOHNSON, RD TSAI, BP TI NEW ELECTRONIC-SPECTRA OF THE CHFCL RADICAL OBSERVED WITH RESONANCE ENHANCED MULTIPHOTON IONIZATION SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GROUND-STATES; SPECTROSCOPY; ABINITIO; CATION; ASSIGNMENTS; EIGENVALUES; CF AB The structures and optical spectroscopy of the CHFCl radical and cation were studied by ab initio molecular orbital calculations and by experiment. Ab initio calculations at the MP2/6-311++G** theory level found that the optimum structure of the CHFCl+ (X 1A') cation is planar with r(C-H) = 1.092 angstrom, r(C-F) = 1.254 angstrom, r(C-Cl) = 1.599 angstrom, angle H-C-F = 116.85-degrees, and angle H-C-Cl = 122.14-degrees. CHFCl (X 2A') radical is nonplanar with r(C-H) = 1.083 angstrom, r(C-F) = 1.335 angstrom, r(C-Cl) = 1.705 angstrom, angle H-C-F = 113.49-degrees, angle H-C-Cl = 116.68-degrees, and angle F-C-Cl = 114.44-degrees. The ab initio angle between the F-C-Cl plane and the C-H bond is PHI(e) = 38-degrees and the inversion barrier is B(inv) = 1190 cm-1. Using isogyric reactions to obtain empirical corrections, we calculate IP(a)(CHFCl) = 8.37 +/- 0.05 eV. Ab initio vibrational frequencies are reported. The electronic spectrum of the CHFCl radicals was observed between 340-420 nm using one color, mass resolved, 2 + 1 resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) spectroscopy. The spectrum arises from two-photon resonances with the planar F(3p) [lambda(laser) = 406.7 nm, nu00 = 49 160(20) cm-1] and J(3d) [lambda(laser) = 361.9 nm, nu00 = 55 250 (20) cm -1] Rydberg states. A third laser photon ionized the radicals. Both states produced the same vibrational constants: nu2 (C-H deformation) = 1280(30) cm-1, nu4 (C-Cl stretch) = 910(30) cm-1, nu5 (CFCl scissors) = 440(30) cm-1, nu6 (OPLA) = 980(30) cm-1. The REMPI spectrum exhibited upsilon6'' = 1-6 hot bands of the CHFCl (X 2A) radical. Modeling of these hot bands with a double-well potential gives the inversion barrier, B(inv) = 1180 cm-1, and PHI(e) = 42-degrees. RP HUDGENS, JW (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, CHEM SCI & TECHNOL LAB, DIV CHEM KINET & THERMODYNAM, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. NR 30 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 1993 VL 98 IS 3 BP 1925 EP 1932 DI 10.1063/1.464226 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA KK858 UT WOS:A1993KK85800017 ER PT J AU DEVIVIERIEDLE, R DRIESSEN, JPJ LEONE, SR AF DEVIVIERIEDLE, R DRIESSEN, JPJ LEONE, SR TI 3-VECTOR CORRELATION STUDY OF ORIENTATION AND COHERENCE EFFECTS IN NA(3P,2P1/2[-2P3/2)+HE - SEMICLASSICAL AND QUANTUM CALCULATIONS SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ORBITAL ALIGNMENT DEPENDENCE; REAGENT APPROACH GEOMETRY; ANGULAR-MOMENTUM TRANSFER; OPEN-SHELL ATOMS; CROSS-SECTIONS; LASER TECHNIQUES; ASSOCIATIVE IONIZATION; COLLISION EXPERIMENTS; MOLECULAR-COLLISIONS; DIATOMIC-MOLECULES AB ''Multistructure'' cross sections, of both conventional and coherence types, are calculated for the fine structure transition Na(2P1/2 <-- 2P3/2) + He in an energy range of 10-200 meV. The cross sections are related to conditions of a crossed beams experiment in which the three controlled vectors are the initial relative velocity and the two polarization directions of excitation and probe laser beams. Both semiclassical and quantum mechanical calculations are performed. The semiclassical method is employed to interpret and visualize the collision mechanism leading to the multistructure cross sections. In addition, the validity of the approximations used in the semiclassical model is investigated. For the conventional cross sections, the semiclassical and quantum-mechanical results are in good agreement. We find that both initial sodium states 3 2P3/2,3/2 and 3 2P3/2,1/2 preferentially populate the 3 2P1/2,-1/2 final state, i.e., a final state in which the sign of the magnetic quantum number has changed. Vector evolution diagrams are introduced to interpret the conventional cross sections and the pattern of the Stuckelberg-like oscillations. The semiclassical model gives the correct order of magnitude for the coherence cross sections, but in this case, is inadequate in the quantitative description; thus the coherence cross sections are mainly studied with full quantum calculations. The coherence cross section is especially sensitive to small variations in the energy difference and shape of the potential curves. The value of the coherence cross section is strongly correlated to the position and well depth of the potential minimum of the 2PI state. C1 UNIV COLORADO,DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM,BOULDER,CO 80309. UNIV COLORADO,DEPT PHYS,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP DEVIVIERIEDLE, R (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. NR 66 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 1993 VL 98 IS 3 BP 2038 EP 2053 DI 10.1063/1.465053 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA KK858 UT WOS:A1993KK85800028 ER PT J AU RAINWATER, JC FRIEND, DG AF RAINWATER, JC FRIEND, DG TI CALCULATION OF ENTHALPY AND ENTROPY DIFFERENCES OF NEAR-CRITICAL BINARY-MIXTURES WITH THE MODIFIED LEUNG-GRIFFITHS MODEL SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID VAPOR CRITICAL LINE; CRITICAL REGION; INTERFACIAL-TENSION; CRITICAL-POINTS; BEHAVIOR; SYSTEMS; METHANE; FLUIDS; ETHANE; PHASE AB In previous applications of the Leung-Griffiths model as modified by Moldover and Rainwater, many near-critical vapor-liquid equilibrium surfaces have been described successfully in the space of pressure, temperature, density, and composition, but calorimetric properties such as entropy and enthalpy have not been examined. Such calculations are difficult in general because of the need to determine a parameter that is usually unknown in th definition of an independent field variable (the fugacity fraction). However, a generalization for mixtures of the Clapeyron equation is available which allows for the calculation of differences in entropy, enthalpy, and free energies between a pair of (noncoexisting) dew and bubble points at the same temperature and composition. A calculation of entropy differences from a correlation of carbon dioxide+propylene agrees well with results inferred indirectly from experimental data. As a more direct check, calculation of enthalpy differences from a correlation of n-pentane+benzene agrees with an interpolation of enthalpy data provided by calorimetric measurements of Lenoir and Hipkin. The generalized Clapeyron equation appears to be singular at the maxcondentherm point, but it is shown that the singular terms cancel one another and that the leading-order finite term is consistent with a thermodynamic Maxwell relation. RP RAINWATER, JC (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV THERMOPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. NR 55 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 1993 VL 98 IS 3 BP 2298 EP 2307 DI 10.1063/1.464211 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA KK858 UT WOS:A1993KK85800057 ER PT J AU FRASER, GT PATE, BH AF FRASER, GT PATE, BH TI MOLECULES EXCITED TO REGIONS OF HIGH STATE DENSITY ARE NOT DEFLECTED BY AN INHOMOGENEOUS ELECTRIC-FIELD SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Note ID SPECTROSCOPY; BEAM; REDISTRIBUTION; RELAXATION; THRESHOLD AB Conclusive experimental evidence is presented that molecules excited to a single ro-vibrational eigenstate in a high density-of-states region are not deflected by an inhomogeneous electric field. The onset of nondeflection behavior occurs in the same density of states region as has been found for the onset of intramolecular vibrational energy redistribution IVR (about 10 vibrational states/cm-1). By using large polyatomic molecules, where the hydride stretch fundamentals occur in this range of state density, the nondeflection behavior can be studied. However, the results are generally applicable to the dynamics of smaller molecules at higher levels of excitation. Thus, the observed nondeflection in our experiments is expected to be a general phenomenon associated with highly vibrationally excited molecules. In addition, it is shown how the nondeflection characteristics of these systems can be exploited experimentally to obtain spectra with increased sensitivity. RP FRASER, GT (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, DIV MOLEC PHYS, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. NR 21 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 1993 VL 98 IS 3 BP 2477 EP 2480 DI 10.1063/1.464178 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA KK858 UT WOS:A1993KK85800078 ER PT J AU TEWARI, YB KISHORE, N MARGOLIS, SA GOLDBERG, RN SHIBATANI, T AF TEWARI, YB KISHORE, N MARGOLIS, SA GOLDBERG, RN SHIBATANI, T TI THERMOCHEMISTRY OF THE HYDROLYSIS OF L-ARGININE TO (L-CITRULLINE PLUS AMMONIA) AND OF THE HYDROLYSIS OF L-ARGININE TO (L-ORNITHINE PLUS UREA) SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID ACID DISSOCIATION-CONSTANTS; HEAT-CAPACITIES; AMINO-ACIDS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; VOLUMES; MIXTURES; WATER C1 TANABE SEIYAKU CO LTD,YADOGWA KU,OSAKA 532,JAPAN. RP TEWARI, YB (reprint author), NATL INST STANDARDS & TECHNOL,DIV BIOTECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 48 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0021-9614 J9 J CHEM THERMODYN JI J. Chem. Thermodyn. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 25 IS 2 BP 293 EP 305 DI 10.1006/jcht.1993.1028 PG 13 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA KL320 UT WOS:A1993KL32000012 ER PT J AU OORT, AH LIU, HZ AF OORT, AH LIU, HZ TI UPPER-AIR TEMPERATURE TRENDS OVER THE GLOBE, 1958-1989 SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article AB New time series of the hemispheric and global mean temperature anomalies in the troposphere and lower stratosphere are presented for the period May 1958 through December 1989. The statistics are based on objective monthly analyses of all available daily soundings from the global rawinsonde network (approximately 700-800 stations). The results are compared with Angell's earlier statistics based on a subset of 63 stations. Excellent agreement is found with these earlier results as well as with an 11-year set of satellite-derived microwave sounding unit data. These detailed comparisons support the conclusion that the rawinsonde network can provide reliable estimates of the actual interseasonal hemispheric-scale temperature changes that have occurred between the earth's surface and about 20 km (50 mb) height since the 1950s. RP OORT, AH (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,US DEPT COMMERCE,NOAA,GEOPHYS FLUID DYNAM LAB,POB 308,PRINCETON,NJ 08542, USA. NR 31 TC 103 Z9 111 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0894-8755 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 6 IS 2 BP 292 EP 307 DI 10.1175/1520-0442(1993)006<0292:UATTOT>2.0.CO;2 PG 16 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KY099 UT WOS:A1993KY09900006 ER PT J AU CESS, RD NEMESURE, S DUTTON, EG DELUISI, JJ POTTER, GL MORCRETTE, JJ AF CESS, RD NEMESURE, S DUTTON, EG DELUISI, JJ POTTER, GL MORCRETTE, JJ TI THE IMPACT OF CLOUDS ON THE SHORTWAVE RADIATION BUDGET OF THE SURFACE ATMOSPHERE SYSTEM - INTERFACING MEASUREMENTS AND MODELS SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE AB Two datasets have been combined to demonstrate how the availability of more comprehensive datasets could serve to elucidate the shortwave radiative impact of clouds on both the atmospheric column and the surface. These datasets consist of two measurements of net downward shortwave radiation: one of near-surface measurements made at the Boulder Atmospheric Observatory tower, and the other of collocated top-of-the-atmosphere measurements from the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment. Output from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts General Circulation Model also has been used as an aid in interpreting the data, while the data have in turn been employed to validate the model's shortwave radiation code as it pertains to cloud radiation properties. Combined, the datasets and model demonstrate a strategy for determining under what conditions the shortwave radiative impact of clouds leads to a heating or cooling of the atmospheric column. The datasets also show, in terms of a linear slope-offset algorithm for retrieving the net downward shortwave radiation at the surface from satellite measurements, that the clouds present during this study produced a modest negative bias in the retrieved surface flux relative to that inferred from a clear-sky algorithm. C1 NOAA,ENVIRONM RES LABS,CLIMATE MONITORING & DIAGNOST LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. EUROPEAN CTR MEDIUM RANGE WEATHER FORECASTS,READING,BERKS,ENGLAND. RP CESS, RD (reprint author), SUNY STONY BROOK,INST TERR & PLANETARY ATMOSPHERES,STONY BROOK,NY 11794, USA. NR 13 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0894-8755 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 6 IS 2 BP 308 EP 316 DI 10.1175/1520-0442(1993)006<0308:TIOCOT>2.0.CO;2 PG 9 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KY099 UT WOS:A1993KY09900007 ER PT J AU ISHIKAWA, K EANES, ED AF ISHIKAWA, K EANES, ED TI THE HYDROLYSIS OF ANHYDROUS DICALCIUM PHOSPHATE INTO HYDROXYAPATITE SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID OCTACALCIUM PHOSPHATE; CALCIUM-PHOSPHATE; CRYSTALLINE; TRANSFORMATION; APATITE AB Hydrolytic conversion of dicalcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA; CaHPO4) to non-stoichiometric hydroxyapatite (HAP; Ca10-x(HPO4)x(PO4)6-x(OH)2-x) was investigated under controlled-solution conditions for identification of solution factors which influence the nucleation, growth, and crystal morphology of the apatitic product phase. The hydrolysis experiments (1 mmol to 7.5 mmol CaHPO4/250 mL) were carried out under CO2-free N2 at fixed pH in the presence of 25-100 mmol/L CaCl2 by standard pH-stat techniques at 37-degrees-C. The pH values of the experimental solutions ranged from 6.35 to 9.0. The crystal size and shape of the HAP product were established by x-ray diffraction, and by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Generally, hydrolysis times and the size of the HAP crystals attained upon completion of the conversion were inversely related to pH. However, crystal size decreased sharply below pH 6.5. Crystal morphology was also strongly affected by pH, with the most equidimensionally-shaped crystals developing at pH 7.0. Although the HAP first appeared on the surface of the DCPA, the amount of DCPA used did not affect the final HAP crystal size or the time required for the hydrolysis to be completed. These data suggest that DCPA initiated HAP formation but that nucleation density (i.e., number of nuclei/unit area DCPA surface) and subsequent growth events were controlled by solution factors. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,NATL INST DENT RES,BONE RES BRANCH,RES ASSOCIATE PROGRAM,BLDG 224,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 21 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 72 IS 2 BP 474 EP 480 DI 10.1177/00220345930720020101 PG 7 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA KK857 UT WOS:A1993KK85700001 PM 8380818 ER PT J AU MAYO, S LOWNEY, JR ROITMAN, P AF MAYO, S LOWNEY, JR ROITMAN, P TI CHARACTERIZATION OF INTERFACE DEFECTS IN OXYGEN-IMPLANTED SILICON FILMS SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE BURIED SILICA LAYER; NONEXPONENTIAL TRANSIENT; PERSISTENT PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY; PHOTORESISTOR; PITS; SOI; SIMOX CHARACTERIZATION AB Defects in ungated n- or p-type and gated p-type resistors have been characterized by photoinduced transient spectroscopy (PITS). These resistors were fabricated with p-type separation by implanted oxygen (SIMOX) wafers with a single-energy 200-keV oxygen implant to a total fluence of 1.8 X 10(18) cm-2. One wafer, used for gated resistor fabrication was implanted at 595-degrees-C and sequentially annealed at 1325-degrees-C for 4 h in argon (plus 0. 5% oxygen) followed by 4 h in nitrogen (plus 0.5% oxygen). Another wafer, used for ungated resistor fabrication, was implanted at 650-degrees-C and annealed at 1275-degrees-C for 2 h in nitrogen (plus 0.5% oxygen). The photoconductive response of these resistors to a 1-mus long visible light pulse, measured at temperatures in the 80- to 170-K range, shows different persistent photoconductive effects due to trapped minority carriers that are somewhat linked to the thermal anneal given to the SIMOX wafers. Our results indicate that more damage is present in the wafer annealed at 1275-degrees-C than in the one annealed at 1325-degrees-C. We model the photoconductive response in terms of a perpendicular built-in field created in the conductive film by trapped charge located at or near the interface with the buried oxide. Defects distributed throughout the conductive film body or located at the interface with the gate oxide are not expected to contribute significantly to the PITS signature, because of the fabrication of the gate oxide with standard metal-oxide semiconductor technology. We estimate the average trap density at the back interface to be in the 10(11) cm-2 range. RP MAYO, S (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV SEMICOND ELECTR,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 22 IS 2 BP 207 EP 214 DI 10.1007/BF02665028 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA KL348 UT WOS:A1993KL34800009 ER PT J AU FULLERROWELL, TJ AF FULLERROWELL, TJ TI MODELING THE SOLAR-CYCLE CHANGE IN NITRIC-OXIDE IN THE THERMOSPHERE AND UPPER MESOSPHERE SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION; IONIZATION FREQUENCIES; SATELLITE MEASUREMENTS; PHOTO-DISSOCIATION; ATOMIC NITROGEN; N(2D); O(3P); DEACTIVATION; COEFFICIENT; EMISSION AB Measurements from the Solar Mesosphere Explorer (SME) satellite have shown that low-latitude nitric oxide densities at 110 km decrease by about a factor of 8 from January 1982 to April 1985. This time period corresponds to the descending phase of the last solar cycle where the monthly smoothed sunspot number decreased from more than 150 to less than 25. In addition, nitric oxide was observed to vary by a factor of 2 over a solar rotation, during high solar activity. A one-dimensional, globally averaged model of the thermosphere and upper mesosphere has been used to study the height distribution of nitric oxide (NO) and its response to changes in the solar extreme ultraviolet radiation (EUV) through the solar cycle and over a solar rotation. The reference spectra for EUV have been extended, to wavelengths down to 0.1 nm, to include all radiation likely to affect the region above 70 km altitude, the lower boundary of the model. The primary source of nitric oxide is the reaction of excited atomic nitrogen, N(2D), with molecular oxygen. The atomic nitrogen is created by a number of ion-neutral reactions and by direct dissociation of molecular nitrogen by photons and photoelectrons. The occurrence of the peak nitric oxide density at or below 115 km is a direct consequence of ionization and dissociation of molecular nitrogen by photoelectrons, which are produced by the solar flux below 30.0 nm (XUV). Nitric oxide is shown to vary over the solar cycle by a factor of 7 at low latitudes in the lower thermosphere E region, due to the estimated change in the solar EUV flux, in good agreement with the SME satellite observations. The NO density is shown to be strongly dependent on the temperature profile in the lower thermosphere and accounts for the difference between the current model and previous work. Wavelengths less than 1.8 nm have little impact on the NO profile. A factor of 3 change in solar flux below 5.0 nm at high solar activity produced a factor of 2 change in the peak NO density, consistent with SME observations over a solar rotation; this change also lowered the peak to 100 km, consistent with rocket data. RP FULLERROWELL, TJ (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,NOAA,COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI,SPACE ENVIRONM LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. NR 52 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 1993 VL 98 IS A2 BP 1559 EP 1570 DI 10.1029/92JA02201 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA KK720 UT WOS:A1993KK72000030 ER PT J AU GHONIEM, AF ZHANG, XM KNIO, O BAUM, HR REHM, RG AF GHONIEM, AF ZHANG, XM KNIO, O BAUM, HR REHM, RG TI DISPERSION AND DEPOSITION OF SMOKE PLUMES GENERATED IN MASSIVE FIRES SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID VORTEX AB Massive fires resulting from the uncontrolled burning of crude oil from spills or industrial accidents produce large smoke-laden buoyant plumes which rise in the wind direction before they equilibrate within a stably stratified atmosphere. Beyond this point. the plume material cools by entrainment and the plume becomes negatively buoyant due to the heavy smoke loading. The trajectory of the descending plume, which determines the ground distribution of smoke, is the subject of this paper. A computational model for the simulation of large-scale smoke plumes resulting from such fires is developed and applied to investigate the effects of the plume initial properties on its trajectory and smoke deposition patterns. Attention is focused on the descent and dispersion of wind-driven plumes in a homogeneous atmosphere, and the smoke deposition on flat terrain. Results show that the plume dynamics in the cross-wind direction are dominated by two buoyantly generated, coherent, streamwise vortices which distort the plume cross section into a kidney-shaped structure. The strength of the two vortices and their separation increase as the plume falls. The plume width grows under the action of these vortices at a rate which increases as the plume settles on the ground, leading to a smoke footprint which does not resemble the prediction of Gaussian dispersion models. The effects of the injection altitude and the initial shape of the plume cross section on the transport and dispersion of the negatively buoyant smoke plume are investigated. Plumes falling from higher elevations disperse more in the vertical direction while those falling from lower elevations disperse further in the horizontal cross-wind direction. Plumes with circular cross-sections reach the ground faster and disperse horizontally further than plumes with elliptical cross-sections with the minor axes in the vertical direction. Vertical plume dispersion is weakly dependent on the shape of its initial cross-section. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP GHONIEM, AF (reprint author), MIT,77 MASSACHUSETTS AVE,ROOM 3-342,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139, USA. RI Knio, Omar/A-3318-2010; Ghoniem, Ahmed/E-1106-2013 NR 20 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 33 IS 2 BP 275 EP 293 DI 10.1016/0304-3894(93)85058-M PG 19 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KR341 UT WOS:A1993KR34100008 ER PT J AU GALLAWA, RL GOYAL, IC GHATAK, AK AF GALLAWA, RL GOYAL, IC GHATAK, AK TI FIBER SPOT SIZE - A SIMPLE METHOD OF CALCULATION SO JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-MODE FIBERS; OPTICAL FIBERS AB The ability to integrate the Laguerre-Gauss functions in closed form is exploited to allow a simple but accurate evaluation of single-mode fiber spot size using Galerkin's method. The method avoids the need for numerical integration in a broad class of refractive-index profiles. Its simplicity depends on the use of a pattern-matching algorithm to avoid the numerical integration normally called for. The algorithm is very fast and gives exact results. The development of symbolic computer languages makes this approach especially easy. We used a symbolic program to predict the spot size and the far-field radiation pattern and compared the results with the exact values, getting excellent results. C1 INDIAN INST TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,NEW DELHI 110016,INDIA. RP GALLAWA, RL (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV ELECTROMAGNET TECHNOL,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. NR 20 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0733-8724 J9 J LIGHTWAVE TECHNOL JI J. Lightwave Technol. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 11 IS 2 BP 192 EP 197 DI 10.1109/50.212526 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA LB518 UT WOS:A1993LB51800002 ER PT J AU SINGH, K RAJAPPAN, G JOB, VA KARTHA, VB WEBER, A OLSON, WB AF SINGH, K RAJAPPAN, G JOB, VA KARTHA, VB WEBER, A OLSON, WB TI THE 2-NU-9 BAND OF PROPYNE-D3 SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article ID HIGH-RESOLUTION; ROTATIONAL CONSTANT; 30-MU-M C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV MOLEC PHYS,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP SINGH, K (reprint author), BHABHA ATOM RES CTR,DIV SPECT,BOMBAY 400085,INDIA. NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-2852 J9 J MOL SPECTROSC JI J. Mol. Spectrosc. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 157 IS 2 BP 467 EP 478 DI 10.1006/jmsp.1993.1036 PG 12 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA KK657 UT WOS:A1993KK65700013 ER PT J AU FORNEY, D JACOX, ME THOMPSON, WE AF FORNEY, D JACOX, ME THOMPSON, WE TI THE MIDINFRARED AND NEAR-INFRARED SPECTRA OF WATER AND WATER DIMER ISOLATED IN SOLID NEON SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article ID IR-SPECTRA; ARGON MATRICES; PREDISSOCIATION SPECTRA; VIBRATIONAL-SPECTRA; MOLECULAR-BEAM; SPECTROSCOPY; BANDS; HDO; CM-1; H2O RP FORNEY, D (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV MOLEC PHYS,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 44 TC 82 Z9 82 U1 1 U2 15 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-2852 J9 J MOL SPECTROSC JI J. Mol. Spectrosc. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 157 IS 2 BP 479 EP 493 DI 10.1006/jmsp.1993.1037 PG 15 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA KK657 UT WOS:A1993KK65700014 ER PT J AU LAFFERTY, WJ PINE, AS FLAUD, JM CAMYPEYRET, C AF LAFFERTY, WJ PINE, AS FLAUD, JM CAMYPEYRET, C TI THE 2-NU-3 BAND OF (SO2)-S-32-O-16 - LINE POSITIONS AND INTENSITIES SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article ID EMISSION PUMPING SPECTROSCOPY; VIBRATIONAL LEVEL STRUCTURE; ELECTRONIC GROUND-STATE; HIGHLY EXCITED SO2; ABSORPTION-BANDS; SULFUR-DIOXIDE; SPECTRUM; NU-1; CM-1 C1 UNIV P&M CURIE,CNRS,PHYS MOLEC & APPLICAT LAB,F-75252 PARIS 05,FRANCE. RP LAFFERTY, WJ (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV MOLEC PHYS,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 31 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-2852 J9 J MOL SPECTROSC JI J. Mol. Spectrosc. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 157 IS 2 BP 499 EP 511 DI 10.1006/jmsp.1993.1039 PG 13 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA KK657 UT WOS:A1993KK65700016 ER PT J AU BELLISSENT, R MOZER, B CALVAYRAC, Y GRATIAS, D CAHN, JW AF BELLISSENT, R MOZER, B CALVAYRAC, Y GRATIAS, D CAHN, JW TI RDFS AND FE-FE PAIR CORRELATIONS IN AN ALCUFE ICOSAHEDRAL ALLOY BY DOUBLE ISOTOPIC-SUBSTITUTION SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON QUASICRYSTALS CY MAY 31-JUN 05, 1992 CL WASHINGTON UNIV, ST LOUIS, MO SP WASHINGTON UNIV, NATL SCI FDN, US DOE, AMER LAB, INT UNION CRYSTALLOG, JEOL HO WASHINGTON UNIV ID FOURIER-ANALYSIS; CRYSTALS AB Short range order in an AlCuFe quasicrystal was investigated using the double isotopic substitution of Fe in order to determine partial radial distribution (pair correlation) functions of the system. The experiment was carried out on the 7c2 spectrometer at Orphee designed for studies of atomic local order in liquid and amorphous systems. Very accurate total radial distribution functions were calculated. All the observed pair distances, up to about 10 angstrom, are consistent with the atomic positions of the model proposed by Cornier-Quiquandon et al. [Phys. Rev. B44 (1991) 2071]. Partial Fe-Fe pair correlation functions have been extracted and show that Fe atoms occupy only a subset of sites. C1 NIST,MAT SCI & ENGN LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. CECM,CNRS,F-94407 VITRY,FRANCE. RP BELLISSENT, R (reprint author), CE SACLAY,CEA,LAB LEON BRILLOUIN,CNRS,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD FEB PY 1993 VL 153 BP 1 EP 4 DI 10.1016/0022-3093(93)90302-E PG 4 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA KP936 UT WOS:A1993KP93600002 ER PT J AU CORNIERQUIQUANDON, M BELLISSENT, R CALVAYRAC, Y CAHN, JW GRATIAS, D MOZER, B AF CORNIERQUIQUANDON, M BELLISSENT, R CALVAYRAC, Y CAHN, JW GRATIAS, D MOZER, B TI NEUTRON-SCATTERING STRUCTURAL STUDY OF ALCUFE QUASI-CRYSTALS USING DOUBLE ISOTOPIC-SUBSTITUTION SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON QUASICRYSTALS CY MAY 31-JUN 05, 1992 CL WASHINGTON UNIV, ST LOUIS, MO SP WASHINGTON UNIV, NATL SCI FDN, US DOE, AMER LAB, INT UNION CRYSTALLOG, JEOL HO WASHINGTON UNIV ID QUASI-CRYSTALS; DIFFRACTION AB Neutron diffraction data with double isotopic substitution using two isotopes each of Fe and Cu has been obtained on six samples of quasicrystalline AlCuFe with a 6D face-centered icosahedral symmetry. Calculations of heteroatomic and homoatomic pair correlation functions for this structure have been made. We find that there is a localized position of copper on a 6D body center site which gives a clear but still qualitative picture of the structure with iron, copper, and aluminum chemically ordered and occupying successive concentric 'shells' in the large atom surfaces centered at the two major atomic positions, n1 = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0] and n2 = [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], (indexed with respect to a primitive unit cell) in this 6D NaCl type structure. There is an indication that some of the aluminum is mixed with the iron (or is encapsulated in a small volume inside an iron surface). C1 NIST,MAT SCI & ENGN LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. CE SACLAY,CEA,LAB LEON BRILLOUIN,CNRS,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. RP CORNIERQUIQUANDON, M (reprint author), CECM,CNRS,15 RUE G URBAIN,F-94407 VITRY,FRANCE. NR 9 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD FEB PY 1993 VL 153 BP 10 EP 14 DI 10.1016/0022-3093(93)90304-G PG 5 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA KP936 UT WOS:A1993KP93600004 ER PT J AU KAN, XB ROBERTSON, JL MOSS, SC KULIK, J ISHIMASA, T MORI, M QUIVY, A GRATIAS, D ELSER, V ZSCHACK, P AF KAN, XB ROBERTSON, JL MOSS, SC KULIK, J ISHIMASA, T MORI, M QUIVY, A GRATIAS, D ELSER, V ZSCHACK, P TI CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC CHARACTERIZATION OF A SINGLE QUASI-CRYSTAL OF AL-CU-FE SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON QUASICRYSTALS CY MAY 31-JUN 05, 1992 CL WASHINGTON UNIV, ST LOUIS, MO SP WASHINGTON UNIV, NATL SCI FDN, US DOE, AMER LAB, INT UNION CRYSTALLOG, JEOL HO WASHINGTON UNIV ID QUASI-CRYSTALS; ALLOYS; RU AB Large, single-quasicrystalline grains, both cooled from the melt and annealed on cooling at approximately 825-degrees, were ground approximately into spheres with a resultant diameter of approximately 0.2 mm. These crystals were then studied at the NSLS where, using lambda = 1 angstrom, integrated intensities on more than 1300 (inequivalent) reflections were collected out to Q(perpendicular-to) greater than 1.7 angstrom-1 (Q(parrallel-to) units). A crucial aspect of this work has been the careful characterization of crystal quality. For example, Bragg radial (theta-2theta) scans reveal a nearly perfect Gaussian profile while omega (omega) scans show essentially a pure Lorentzian shape. The Q-width (FWHM) of the radial scans increases from approximately 0.006 to 0.009 angstrom-1 as Q(parallel-to) increases from 1 to 11 angstrom-1. The FWHM in omega is characteristically about 0.065-degrees with a mean variation of approximately 0.01-degrees, and its lineshape appears to be associated with a true mosaic spread as it does not depend in any essential way on angle or on Q(perpendicular-to) or Q(parallel-to). Through depth-dependent measurements we show that the Lorentzian profile is substantially enhanced by mechanical grinding, although an unground crystal fragment still displays Lorentzian wings. TEM on unground samples from both sources reveals sharp diffraction spots with ideal icosahedral symmetry and images that indicate an icosahedral phase rather than an ensemble of approximant domains. C1 UNIV HOUSTON,DEPT PHYS,HOUSTON,TX 77204. NIST,DIV REACTOR RADIAT,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. UNIV HOUSTON,TEXAS CTR SUPERCONDUCT,HOUSTON,TX 77004. NAGOYA UNIV,COLL GEN EDUC,NAGOYA 46401,JAPAN. CECM,CNRS,F-94400 VITRY,FRANCE. CORNELL UNIV,DEPT PHYS,ITHACA,NY 14853. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,NSLS,ORAU,UPTON,NY 11973. RI Ishimasa, Tsutomu/F-4509-2010 NR 14 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD FEB PY 1993 VL 153 BP 33 EP 39 DI 10.1016/0022-3093(93)90309-L PG 7 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA KP936 UT WOS:A1993KP93600009 ER PT J AU ROBERTSON, JL MOSS, SC AF ROBERTSON, JL MOSS, SC TI DIFFUSE-SCATTERING IN ICOSAHEDRAL PHASE ALMNSI SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON QUASICRYSTALS CY MAY 31-JUN 05, 1992 CL WASHINGTON UNIV, ST LOUIS, MO SP WASHINGTON UNIV, NATL SCI FDN, US DOE, AMER LAB, INT UNION CRYSTALLOG, JEOL HO WASHINGTON UNIV ID AL-MN QUASICRYSTALS; DIFFRACTION; ALLOYS; MODELS; ORDER AB Neutron powder diffraction patterns are calculated from a rando- cluster model (RCM) for icosahedral phase AlMnSi for comparison with experimental intensity data. The diffuse scattering seen experimentally under the groups of strong peaks is revealed selectively in the calculated partial intensities for Al-Al, Mn-Mn and Al-Mn correlations. This diffuse intensity is known to result from the enhancement of the dense background of weak peaks by the structure factor of a single atomic cluster, rather than from substitutional chemical disorder or orientational disorder. A single crystal diffraction pattern normal to a two-fold symmetry axis is also calculated to determine the distribution of diffuse intensity in reciprocal space. This intensity is found to be in agreement with experimental transmission electron diffraction patterns in that the diffuse scattering is centered around the expected positions for the most intense superlattice reflections found in fci quasicrystals. C1 UNIV HOUSTON,DEPT PHYS,HOUSTON,TX 77204. RP ROBERTSON, JL (reprint author), NIST,DIV REACTOR RADIAT,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD FEB PY 1993 VL 153 BP 77 EP 82 DI 10.1016/0022-3093(93)90318-R PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA KP936 UT WOS:A1993KP93600018 ER PT J AU COCKAYNE, E PHILLIPS, R KAN, XB MOSS, SC ROBERTSON, JL ISHIMASA, T MORI, M AF COCKAYNE, E PHILLIPS, R KAN, XB MOSS, SC ROBERTSON, JL ISHIMASA, T MORI, M TI USE OF PERIODIC APPROXIMANTS IN THE STRUCTURE REFINEMENT OF ICOSAHEDRAL ALCUFE SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON QUASICRYSTALS CY MAY 31-JUN 05, 1992 CL WASHINGTON UNIV, ST LOUIS, MO SP WASHINGTON UNIV, NATL SCI FDN, US DOE, AMER LAB, INT UNION CRYSTALLOG, JEOL HO WASHINGTON UNIV ID CRYSTALS; DIFFRACTION AB By exploiting the periodic cells which are approximants to the icosahedral phase, the problem of structure determination of the icosahedral phase can be converted to the standard crystallographic structure refinement problem. As larger approximants are used, structures are obtained which converge to that of the icosahedral phase. We refine the structure of the (hypothetical) 1/1 cubic approximant to icosahedral AlCuFe using this technique, with the aim of determining the structure of the icosahedral phase. C1 UNIV HOUSTON,DEPT PHYS,HOUSTON,TX 77004. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NAGOYA UNIV,COLL GEN EDUC,DEPT PHYS,NAGOYA,AICHI 464,JAPAN. RP COCKAYNE, E (reprint author), CORNELL UNIV,ATOM & SOLID STATE PHYS LAB,ITHACA,NY 14853, USA. RI Ishimasa, Tsutomu/F-4509-2010 NR 15 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD FEB PY 1993 VL 153 BP 140 EP 144 DI 10.1016/0022-3093(93)90331-Q PG 5 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA KP936 UT WOS:A1993KP93600031 ER PT J AU BECKER, DA AF BECKER, DA TI RESULTS OF THE ASTM NUCLEAR METHODS INTERCOMPARISON ON NIST APPLE AND PEACH LEAVES STANDARD REFERENCE MATERIALS SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY-ARTICLES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON MODERN TRENDS IN ACTIVATION ANALYSIS ( MTAA 8 ) CY SEP 16-20, 1991 CL VIENNA, AUSTRIA AB The ASTM Task Group on Nuclear Methods of Chemical Analysis (E10.05.12) has conducted a trace clement intercomparison among some of its members over the past two years. Eight non-NIST laboratories submitted data using nuclear techniques, with a total of 111 values for the apple leaves and 116 values for the peach leaves, on 46 and 50 elements, respectively, This intercomparison provided a unique opportunity for the analytical laboratories, because the analytical values submitted could be later compared to the NIST certified values. For the seven elements which were certified by NIST and had three or more intercomparison values, the results showed that: 1) 61 % of all 56 intercomparison values submitted had results whose stated uncertainty overlapped the uncertainty limits of the NIST certified values, and 2) less than 6 % of the intercomparison values had means which fell outside +/- 20 % of the NIST values. In general, the intercomparison values submitted showed excellent agreement with the NIST values. However, many reported uncertainties accompanying intercomparison values appeared overly optimistic. RP BECKER, DA (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,IARD,NUCL METHODS GRP,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AKADEMIAI KIADO PI BUDAPEST PA PO BOX 245, H-1519 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOAN NUCL CH AR JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.-Artic. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 168 IS 1 BP 169 EP 183 DI 10.1007/BF02040890 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA KP405 UT WOS:A1993KP40500019 ER PT J AU GUINN, VP DEMIRALP, R AF GUINN, VP DEMIRALP, R TI ARSENIC IN HAIR BY INAA - A MAJOR RECENT MURDER CASE SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY-ARTICLES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON MODERN TRENDS IN ACTIVATION ANALYSIS ( MTAA 8 ) CY SEP 16-20, 1991 CL VIENNA, AUSTRIA AB In the fall of 1990, Blanche Kiser Moore was tried in the state of North Carolina for the murder, by arsenic poisoning, of a former boyfriend of hers (RCR), found guilty of first-degree murder by the jury, and sentenced to death. Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA), with gamma-ray spectrometry, was carried out on sectioned hair samples from six possible poisoning victims of hers, by the authors, and the results presented at the trial by VPG. Details of the sample preparations, the numerical results obtained, and their interpretation are presented. Also presented are difficulties involved in such analysis, and discussion of the fast-neutron interferences caused by Se and Br. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP GUINN, VP (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT MAT & NUCL ENGN,COLL PK,MD 20742, USA. NR 6 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AKADEMIAI KIADO PI BUDAPEST PA PO BOX 245, H-1519 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOAN NUCL CH AR JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.-Artic. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 168 IS 1 BP 249 EP 256 DI 10.1007/BF02040897 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA KP405 UT WOS:A1993KP40500026 ER PT J AU HUANG, Q SUNSHINE, SA CAVA, RJ SANTORO, A AF HUANG, Q SUNSHINE, SA CAVA, RJ SANTORO, A TI NEUTRON POWDER DIFFRACTION STUDY OF THE CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE OF YSR2ALCU2O7 SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article C1 RAYCHEM CORP,MENLO PK,CA 94025. AT&T BELL LABS,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974. RP HUANG, Q (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 6 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-4596 J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 102 IS 2 BP 534 EP 541 DI 10.1006/jssc.1993.1064 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA KQ305 UT WOS:A1993KQ30500028 ER PT J AU REEBER, RR WIEDERHORN, SM AF REEBER, RR WIEDERHORN, SM TI SYMPOSIUM FOR SURFACE ENGINEERING OF STRUCTURAL CERAMICS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP REEBER, RR (reprint author), USA,RES OFF,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 76 IS 2 BP 260 EP 260 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1993.tb03776.x PG 1 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA LE277 UT WOS:A1993LE27700001 ER PT J AU NAKAMURA, N AF NAKAMURA, N TI AN ILLUSTRATIVE MODEL OF INSTABILITIES IN MERIDIONALLY AND VERTICALLY SHEARED FLOWS SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID BAROCLINIC INSTABILITY AB An analytic model is formulated to study the characteristics of shear instabilities in meridionally and vertically sheared flows. The model is based on the quasigeostrophic equations in two layers. The layers are divided into sections of piecewise uniform potential vorticity. An algebraic dispersion relation is obtained for the complex phase speed c. The magnitude and the sign of the potential vorticity jumps, their meridional separation, the barotropic shear, and the wavenumber of the modes determine the stability of the system. Solutions describe not only pure baroclinic and barotropic instabilities, but also mixtures of these instabilities. The influences of linearly sheared barotropic flows on baroclinic instability are studied in detail, with an emphasis on the direction of vertically integrated momentum flux. The model's implications for the nonlinear life cycle of baroclinic waves are also discussed. C1 PRINCETON UNIV,PROGRAM ATMOSPHER & OCEAN SCI,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. NR 24 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0022-4928 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD FEB 1 PY 1993 VL 50 IS 3 BP 357 EP 375 DI 10.1175/1520-0469(1993)050<0357:AIMOII>2.0.CO;2 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KL819 UT WOS:A1993KL81900002 ER PT J AU HAYASHI, Y GOLDER, DG AF HAYASHI, Y GOLDER, DG TI TROPICAL 40-50-DAY AND 25-30-DAY OSCILLATIONS APPEARING IN REALISTIC AND IDEALIZED GFDL CLIMATE MODELS AND THE ECMWF DATASET SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; ATMOSPHERIC ANGULAR-MOMENTUM; OUTGOING LONGWAVE RADIATION; NORTHERN HEMISPHERE SUMMER; EQUATORIAL BETA-PLANE; FREQUENCY INTRASEASONAL OSCILLATIONS; 30-60 DAY OSCILLATION; WAVE-CISK MODES; ZONAL WIND; SEASONAL-VARIATIONS AB To clarify differences between the tropical 40-50- and 25-30-day oscillations and to evaluate simulations and various theories, space-time spectrum and filter analyses were performed on a nine-year dataset taken from the nine-level R30 spectral general circulation model and the nine-year (1979-1987) ECMWF four-dimensional analysis dataset In addition, the 40-level SKYHI model was analyzed to ''amine the effect of increased vertical resolution, while an ocean-surface perpetual January R30 model was analyzed to examine the effects of the absence of geographical and seasonal variations. The R30 model results indicate that the relative amplitude of the wavenumber-one component of the 40-50- and 25-30-day oscillations varies greatly from year to year. For the nine-year average, the simulated 40-50-day zonal velocity oscillations are as strong as observed, while the simulated 25-30-day zonal velocity oscillations are much stronger than observed. Although 40-50- and 25-30-day oscillations have similar structures, the 25-30-day oscillations exhibit a greater increase with height in their tropospheric amplitudes than the 40-50-day oscillations, resulting in different relative magnitudes at different levels. The time variance of the two oscillations has similar longitudinal distributions, implying that the two periods are not due to differences in local phase speeds. They appear to grow and decay independently without any coherent phase relationship, implying that the two periods are not a result of the seasonal modulation of an intrinsic 30-40-day period. The SKYHI model indicates that 25-30-day oscillations still appear too strong. Nevertheless, this model reveals a longer vertical wavelength, a higher penetration of the 25-30-day amplitude above the level of convective heating, and a slightly greater height of the convective-heating amplitude, which cannot be detected in the R30 model. This implies that the two oscillations differ in their intrinsic vertical wavelengths. The ocean-surface perpetual January R30 model indicates that not only the 25-30-day mode but also the 40-50-day mode can be simulated in the absence of geographical and seasonal modulations, while the wave-CISK and evaporation-wind feedback theories cannot explain the 40-50-day mode. Both R30 models indicate that daily precipitation is almost always associated with upward motion, being consistent with theoretical conditional heating. A comparison between the two R30 models suggests that the sea surface temperature geographically modulates the intrinsically eastward-moving wavenumber-one precipitation oscillations, resulting in their major Pacific and minor Atlantic local amplitudes. This in turn causes planetary-scale eastward-moving zonal-velocity oscillations and standing geopotential oscillations. RP HAYASHI, Y (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,NOAA,GEOPHYS FLUID DYNAM LAB,POB 308,PRINCETON,NJ 08542, USA. NR 121 TC 70 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0022-4928 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD FEB 1 PY 1993 VL 50 IS 3 BP 464 EP 494 DI 10.1175/1520-0469(1993)050<0464:TADOAI>2.0.CO;2 PG 31 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KL819 UT WOS:A1993KL81900008 ER PT J AU GARDNER, WS COTNER, JB HERCHE, LR AF GARDNER, WS COTNER, JB HERCHE, LR TI CHROMATOGRAPHIC MEASUREMENT OF NITROGEN MINERALIZATION RATES IN MARINE COASTAL WATERS WITH N-15 SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES LA English DT Article ID ISOTOPE-DILUTION EXPERIMENTS; COMBINED AMINO-ACIDS; SUB-ARCTIC PACIFIC; DISSOLVED FREE; HETEROTROPHIC BACTERIA; AMMONIUM REGENERATION; NATURAL-WATERS; SEAWATER; REMINERALIZATION; EXTRACTION AB Isotope ratios for ammonium were determined directly on seawater filtrates by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for isotope dilution and enrichment experiments in the Mississippi River plume region of the Gulf of Mexico. The 2 isotopic forms could be differentiated by cation exchange chromatography because the ratio of (NH4+)-N-15:(NH3)-N-15 is Slightly greater than the ratio of (NH4+)-N-14:(NH3)-N-14 in aqueous solutions at pH's near the pK for ammonium (ca pH 9). Relatively small (e.g. 60 ml) water samples were fortified in the field with N-15-ammonium or N-15-amino acids and incubated at simulated in situ temperature and light conditions. At 2 to 13 h intervals, subsamples were filtered (0.2 mum pore size) and frozen for later HPLC analysis in the laboratory. Isotope-dilution experiments conducted on water samples collected from different depths in the plume indicated that maximum ammonium regeneration rates occurred in near-surface waters where phytoplankton and bacterial production rates are relatively high. Amino acid and ammonium concentration changes and N-15-NH4 compositional changes were measured at 4 intervals over 21 h after the addition of an N-15-labeled amino acid mixture (4 muM). Comparison of the amount of N-15 recovered as (NH4)-N-15 to that removed from solution as N-15-labeled amino acids indicated that the potential conversion of 'assimilated' N-15-labeled amino acids to dissolved ammonium ranged from about 50 % in surface water to about 90 % in near-bottom (30 m depth) water. These results demonstrate the usefulness of the HPLC approach for measuring nitrogen regeneration rates or conversion efficiencies in small volumes of marine coastal waters. C1 COOPERAT INST LIMNOL & ECOSYST RES, ANN ARBOR, MI 48105 USA. RP GARDNER, WS (reprint author), NOAA, GREAT LAKES ENVIRONM RES LAB, 2205 COMMONWEALTH BLVD, ANN ARBOR, MI 48105 USA. NR 31 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 5 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0171-8630 J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 93 IS 1-2 BP 65 EP 73 DI 10.3354/meps093065 PG 9 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA KV119 UT WOS:A1993KV11900008 ER PT J AU COTNER, JB GARDNER, WS AF COTNER, JB GARDNER, WS TI HETEROTROPHIC BACTERIAL MEDIATION OF AMMONIUM AND DISSOLVED FREE AMINO-ACID FLUXES IN THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER PLUME SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES LA English DT Article ID DILUTION TECHNIQUE; MARINE-BACTERIA; COASTAL WATERS; BACTERIOPLANKTON; REGENERATION; SEAWATER; RATES; REMINERALIZATION; ECOSYSTEMS; BIOVOLUME AB Bacterial nitrogen regeneration processes are an important source of nitrogen in the most productive regions of the Mississippi River plume (Gulf of Mexico). We examined bacterial growth rates, ammonium regeneration rates, and labile dissolved organic carbon/nitrogen fluxes on 2 cruises in the Mississippi River plume. In summer, surface water bacterial production rates, ammonium regeneration rates, and amino acid turnover rates were higher at intermediate salinities than corresponding rates at the river mouth or in high salinity waters. In winter, surface amino acid turnover rates were highest in the river but growth rates were highest in the plume and ammonium regeneration rates were similar at all sites. Regeneration rates in the plume were an order of magnitude greater in the summer than in the winter. A significant proportion of the bacterial nitrogen demand may be provided by amino acid fluxes in summer, especially in the plume. Measurements of NH4 regeneration after manipulating bacterial abundances suggest that heterotrophic bacteria contributed a variable proportion (7 to 50 %) of total N-regeneration in summer and that dissolved free amino acids could be a major substrate for ammonium regeneration. Depth profiles, spatial distributions, and seasonal differences in ammonium regeneration rates imply that the fastest regeneration rates occur spatially and temporally where primary production is the greatest. C1 COOPERAT INST LIMNOL & ECOSYST RES, ANN ARBOR, MI 48105 USA. NOAA, GREAT LAKES ENVIRONM RES LAB, ANN ARBOR, MI 48105 USA. NR 39 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 5 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0171-8630 J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 93 IS 1-2 BP 75 EP 87 DI 10.3354/meps093075 PG 13 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA KV119 UT WOS:A1993KV11900009 ER PT J AU HANE, CE AF HANE, CE TI STORM-MOTION ESTIMATES DERIVED FROM DYNAMIC-RETRIEVAL CALCULATIONS SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID DOPPLER RADAR OBSERVATIONS; OKLAHOMA SQUALL LINE; THERMODYNAMIC STRUCTURE; PRESSURE PERTURBATIONS; SUPERCELL THUNDERSTORM; CONVECTIVE CLOUDS; MATCHING MODELS; REGION; TEMPERATURE; BUOYANCY AB Description is given of a technique for determining optimal storm (reference frame) motion based upon application of a dynamic-retrieval method to velocity datasets derived from multiple-Doppler radar observations. The method depends upon the necessary consistency between the steady-state assumption and assumed reference-frame (storm) motion and uses the quantity E(r) from dynamic-retrieval calculations as a measure by which to judge when this consistency is best achieved. Application of the technique is demonstrated in case examples including an Oklahoma squall line, a Montana hailstorm, and an Oklahoma tornadic storm. In the squall-line case the question of the dependence of optimal reference-frame motion upon analysis domain (e.g., convective versus stratiform regions of the system) is explored. Similar optimal frame motions for different regions of the system are found. Optimal frame motion corresponds more closely to cell motion than to line motion. In the Montana case the dependence upon analysis domain is again explored, and significant differences between a large domain and subdomain are found. Retrieved pressure compares favorably with independent below-cloud-base measurement of perturbation pressure by aircraft. It is shown that agreement between retrieved and observed pressure patterns is best when optimal reference-frame motion is assumed. In the tornadic-storm case, optimal frame motion is very similar to storm motions derived from reflectivity-core tracking and from numerical simulation of this storm. Investigation of the question of height variation of optimal reference-frame motion is investigated and found to be influenced by, but not completely dependent upon, both the environmental winds and mean in-storm air motion. The notion of using optimal reference-frame motions as a basis for adjustment of nonsimultaneous Doppler radar observations to a common reference time is discussed. RP HANE, CE (reprint author), NOAA,NATL SEVERE STORMS LAB,DIV MESOSCALE RES,1313 HALLEY CIRCLE,NORMAN,OK 73069, USA. NR 32 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 121 IS 2 BP 431 EP 443 DI 10.1175/1520-0493(1993)121<0431:SMEDFD>2.0.CO;2 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KN838 UT WOS:A1993KN83800009 ER PT J AU REAP, RM AF REAP, RM TI THE USE OF NETWORK LIGHTNING DATA TO DETECT THUNDERSTORMS NEAR-SURFACE REPORTING STATIONS SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; SUMMER; FLORIDA AB Relationships between network lightning data and hourly thunderstorm observations were examined for the northeastern United States, Oklahoma, Florida, and the western United States to provide additional information on the possible effects of using lightning data to replace or supplement the hourly observations. Identification of thunderstorms for three of the four regions was found to agree closely with the hourly observations, provided the network reports were accumulated for a radius of 48 km or more about the station. The best agreement was found over Florida where high ground-flash densities resulted in a greater likelihood of both observer and network recording a given thunderstorm. In the immediate vicinity (8 km) of a station, use of lightning data from current national or regional networks would not provide observations comparable to the manual observations of thunderstorms due to the poor agreement between the two sets of observations at this radius. Selection of an 8-km radius would result in a decrease of nearly 75% in the number of thunderstorms detected by the network relative to that reported by the observer. RP REAP, RM (reprint author), NOAA,NATL WEATHER SERV,PROGRAM SYST DEV,TECHNIQUES DEV LAB,1325 EAST WEST HIGHWAY,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910, USA. NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 121 IS 2 BP 464 EP 469 DI 10.1175/1520-0493(1993)121<0464:TUONLD>2.0.CO;2 PG 6 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KN838 UT WOS:A1993KN83800011 ER PT J AU CHANTLER, CT LAMING, JM SILVER, JD AF CHANTLER, CT LAMING, JM SILVER, JD TI BEAM GAS RECOIL SPECTRA OF HIGHLY IONIZED NEON SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article ID LAMB SHIFT; ATOMS AB Observations of neon gas recoil spectra from bromine ion bombardment at 81-83 Mev energies are reported. Hydrogenic and helium-like ions were observed with a resolving power of 225. This is improved over previous work with the exception of narrow-range high-precision results of Laming et al. (Phys. Lett. A123 (1987) 395; Phys. Lett. A126(1988) 253). Current data complementary to these narrow-range results provide wavelengths which show improved agreement with theory compared to earlier work. C1 USN,RES LAB,EO HULBURT CTR SPACE RES,CODE 4174L,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. UNIV OXFORD,DEPT PHYS,CLARENDON LAB,OXFORD OX1 3PU,ENGLAND. SFA INC,LANDOVER,MD 20785. RP CHANTLER, CT (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV QUANTUM METROL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. RI Chantler, Christopher/D-4744-2013 OI Chantler, Christopher/0000-0001-6608-0048 NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD FEB PY 1993 VL 73 IS 2 BP 130 EP 134 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(93)95726-L PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA KL011 UT WOS:A1993KL01100004 ER PT J AU STEWART, TR MONINGER, WR HEIDEMAN, KF REAGANCIRINCIONE, P AF STEWART, TR MONINGER, WR HEIDEMAN, KF REAGANCIRINCIONE, P TI EFFECTS OF IMPROVED INFORMATION ON THE COMPONENTS OF SKILL IN WEATHER FORECASTING (ORGANIZATIONAL-BEHAVIOR AND HUMAN DECISION-PROCESSES, VOL 53 PG 107 1992) SO ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR AND HUMAN DECISION PROCESSES LA English DT Correction, Addition C1 NOAA,ERL,FSL,BOULDER,CO 80303. PHILLIPS LAB,GEOPHYS DIRECTORATE,BEDFORD,MA 01731. RP STEWART, TR (reprint author), SUNY ALBANY,CTR POLICY RES,ALBANY,NY 12222, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0749-5978 J9 ORGAN BEHAV HUM DEC JI Organ. Behav. Hum. Decis. Process. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 54 IS 1 BP 156 EP 156 PG 1 WC Psychology, Applied; Management; Psychology, Social SC Psychology; Business & Economics GA KN027 UT WOS:A1993KN02700007 ER PT J AU MOUNTAIN, RD THIRUMALAI, D AF MOUNTAIN, RD THIRUMALAI, D TI RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE FLUCTUATION METRIC AND THE NONERGODICITY PARAMETER - INCOHERENT-SCATTERING FUNCTION SO PHYSICA A LA English DT Article ID SOFT-SPHERE ALLOYS; GLASS-TRANSITION; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; STRUCTURAL RELAXATION; SUPERCOOLED LIQUIDS AB The close relationship between the nonergodicity parameter associated with the incoherent scattering function and the fluctuation metric for the single particle density is developed. Examples from experiments on glass forming systems and from computer simulations are used to illustrate this relationship. In particular, we show that experimental measurements of the incoherent scattering function can be used to obtain the effective ergodic convergence time. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,IPST,COLL PK,MD 20742. RP MOUNTAIN, RD (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV THERMOPHYS,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4371 J9 PHYSICA A JI Physica A PD FEB 1 PY 1993 VL 192 IS 4 BP 543 EP 549 DI 10.1016/0378-4371(93)90106-E PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA KL029 UT WOS:A1993KL02900001 ER PT J AU WILLIAMS, CJ JULIENNE, PS AF WILLIAMS, CJ JULIENNE, PS TI MASS EFFECTS IN THE THEORETICAL DETERMINATION OF NUCLEAR-SPIN RELAXATION RATES FOR ATOMIC-HYDROGEN AND DEUTERIUM SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Note ID GROUND-STATE; MOLECULE; ENERGIES; EXCHANGE AB The normal method for calculating very precise eigenvalues for H-2 and its isotopes is to solve the Schrodinger equation using a reduced mass calculated from the bare nuclear mass with the mass-independent Born-Oppenheimer potentials and with mass-dependent adiabatic and nonadiabatic correction terms that account for the finite mass of the nuclei. On the other hand, scattering calculations have used reduced masses calculated from the masses of the separated atoms to solve the Schrodinger equation with mass-dependent adiabatic potentials, but with no explicit treatment of electronically off-diagonal nonadiabatic corrections. We have extended the conventional bound-state methods based on bare nuclear masses into the continuum by introducing an effective local potential to account for the electronically off-diagonal nonadiabatic mass-dependent corrections. Good agreement is found with previously calculated eigenvalues of H-2 and D2. The scattering length for the ground state X 1SIGMA(g)+ of H-2 is very sensitive to the nonadiabatic corrections, but is in good agreement with that previously calculated using a reduced mass based on the separated atomic masses. Using quantum close-coupling methods, we also find good agreement with previously calculated collision-rate coefficients in the T --> 0 limit for collisions of H with H and D with D. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP WILLIAMS, CJ (reprint author), UNIV CHICAGO,JAMES FRANCK INST,CHICAGO,IL 60637, USA. RI Williams, Carl/B-5877-2009; Julienne, Paul/E-9378-2012 OI Julienne, Paul/0000-0002-5494-1442 NR 23 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD FEB PY 1993 VL 47 IS 2 BP 1524 EP 1527 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.47.1524 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA KV979 UT WOS:A1993KV97900101 ER PT J AU DATLA, RU ESHHAR, S ROBERTS, JR WOOD, OR SILFVAST, WT AF DATLA, RU ESHHAR, S ROBERTS, JR WOOD, OR SILFVAST, WT TI EXCITED-LEVEL POPULATIONS IN C-IV IN A RECOMBINING THETA-PINCH PLASMA SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Note ID LASERS AB Absolute intensities of various transitions from n = 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 levels in C IV ions have been measured in the recombination phase of a THETA-pinch plasma. The discharge vessel was filled with 1.87 Pa (14 mTorr) of acetylene and 0.07 Pa (0.5 mTorr) of hydrogen gas to generate the plasma. The deduced upper-level populations showed inversions for all levels of n =4 and above. An experiment to produce laser gain at 253.0 nm showed only a factor of 6 enhancement in the line intensity, i.e., there was no lasing. The lack of lasing was attributed to the small gain coefficient, to losses in the cavity, and to the reduced transmission of light at the vacuum-interface quartz windows (due to a coating from the plasma). C1 AT&T BELL LABS,HOLMDEL,NJ 07733. ISRAELI MININST DEF,ADA,HAIFA,ISRAEL. RP DATLA, RU (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD FEB PY 1993 VL 47 IS 2 BP 1547 EP 1550 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.47.1547 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA KV979 UT WOS:A1993KV97900107 ER PT J AU SARTY, AJ DOSS, KGR FELDMAN, G HALLIN, EL PYWELL, RE RETZLAFF, GA SKOPIK, DM WELLER, HR DODGE, WR LIGHTBODY, JW OCONNELL, JS CHANG, CC AF SARTY, AJ DOSS, KGR FELDMAN, G HALLIN, EL PYWELL, RE RETZLAFF, GA SKOPIK, DM WELLER, HR DODGE, WR LIGHTBODY, JW OCONNELL, JS CHANG, CC TI MEASUREMENT OF THE REACTION HE-3(GAMMA,PP)N AND ITS RELATION TO 3-BODY FORCES SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID PION ABSORPTION; CROSS-SECTION; HE-3; PHOTOPRODUCTION; MECHANISM; ENERGY; REGION AB The three-body photodisintegration of He-3 has been measured at photon energies ranging from 90 to 250 MeV, in kinematic regions where three-body forces effects are expected to be maximized, and two-body mechanisms suppressed. The differential cross sections as a function of neutron momentum demonstrate that calculations using only one-body and two-body photoabsorption mechanisms cannot describe the data and that a two-pion-exchange, three-body absorption mechanism is needed to adequately describe the data. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT PHYS,COLL PK,MD 20742. RP SARTY, AJ (reprint author), UNIV SASKATCHEWAN,SASKATCHEWAN ACCELERATOR LAB,SASKATOON S7N 0W0,SASKATCHEWAN,CANADA. RI Sarty, Adam/G-2948-2014 NR 24 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD FEB PY 1993 VL 47 IS 2 BP 459 EP 467 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.47.459 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA KM954 UT WOS:A1993KM95400011 ER PT J AU CIRAC, JI PARKINS, AS BLATT, R ZOLLER, P AF CIRAC, JI PARKINS, AS BLATT, R ZOLLER, P TI DARK SQUEEZED STATES OF THE MOTION OF A TRAPPED ION SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHOTON RECOIL ENERGY; LASER; ATOM AB We propose a scheme for preparing coherent squeezed states of motion in an ion trap based on the multichromatic excitation of a trapped ion by standing- and traveling-wave light fields. The squeezed state is produced when the beat frequency between two standing-wave light fields is equal to twice the trap frequency, and is indicated by a ''dark resonance'' in the fluorescence emitted by the ion. C1 UNIV COLORADO,DEPT PHYS,BOULDER,CO 80309. UNIV CASTILLA LA MANCHA,FAC CIENCIAS QUM,DEPT FIS APLICADA,E-13071 CIUDAD REAL,SPAIN. INST LASERPHYS,W-2000 HAMBURG 36,GERMANY. RP CIRAC, JI (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. RI Zoller, Peter/O-1639-2014 OI Zoller, Peter/0000-0003-4014-1505 NR 20 TC 238 Z9 242 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 1 PY 1993 VL 70 IS 5 BP 556 EP 559 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.70.556 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA KK248 UT WOS:A1993KK24800010 ER PT J AU SMITH, DF HENOUX, JC AF SMITH, DF HENOUX, JC TI ELECTRON ACCELERATION AND HEATING IN SOLAR-FLARES - INTERPRETATION OF H-ALPHA SIGNATURES SO SOLAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INSTABILITIES; FIELD AB Vector magnetogram, Halpha, and hard X-ray observations of flares are reviewed which show that nonthermal electron signatures in Halpha are never cospatial with regions of maximum current density for the small number of flares analyzed, but lie to the sides of these regions. By considering electron acceleration and transport requirements, four conditions are found that must be fulfilled to observe nonthermal electron signatures in Halpha: (1) The plasma beta beta less-than-or-equal-to 0.3 in the acceleration region. (2) The energy flux of electrons above 20 keV is greater than 10(10) erg cm-2 s-1. (3) The column density N less-than-or-equal-to 10(20) cm-2 between the electron source and the chromosphere. (4) The coronal pressure in the flux tube connecting to the Halpha layer p less-than-or-equal-to 100 dyne cm-2. Condition 2 can be most easily met in the initial stages of flares. In contrast, the only condition for a high-pressure Halpha signature is p greater-than-or-equal-to 1000 dyne cm-2. Which is most easily met in a region of maximum current density or heating and far enough into the flare for significant heating to have occurred. Thus, high-pressure signatures should be expected to occur more frequently than nonthermal electron signatures and to occur generally later in time. C1 UNIV COLORADO,DEPT ASTROPHYS PLANETARY & ATMOSPHER SCI,BOULDER,CO 80306. DASOP,OBSERV PARIS,F-92195 MEUDON,FRANCE. NOAA,SPACE ENVIRONM LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303. RP SMITH, DF (reprint author), BERKELEY RES ASSOCIATES INC,BOULDER,CO 80306, USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0038-0938 J9 SOL PHYS JI Sol. Phys. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 143 IS 2 BP 247 EP 258 DI 10.1007/BF00646486 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA KL436 UT WOS:A1993KL43600005 ER PT J AU WANG, PS MALGHAN, SG HSU, SM WITTBERG, TN AF WANG, PS MALGHAN, SG HSU, SM WITTBERG, TN TI OXIDATION OF SURFACE-TREATED SIC PLATELETS STUDIED BY XPS AND BREMSSTRAHLUNG-EXCITED AES SO SURFACE AND INTERFACE ANALYSIS LA English DT Article ID FOURIER-TRANSFORM SPECTROMETRY; SILICON-CARBIDE; KINETICS; CERAMICS; DIOXIDE; SOLIDS AB X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and bremsstrahlung-excited Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) were used to study the oxidation of treated silicon carbide platelets heated in air at 700, 800 and 850-degrees-C. A previous study had shown that when the as-received silicon carbide platelets were heated in air, boron segregated to the surface during the formation of the oxide scale. Boron is present as a minor impurity in the silicon carbide platelets. The oxidation was found to be non-linear and non-parabolic. In the present study, the silicon carbide platelets were treated by heating in air at 800-degrees-C and then etching off the surface oxide scale with 30% HF. This procedure removed the boron impurity. The oxidation of these treated silicon carbide platelets was found to be linear in the temperature range 700-850-degrees-C. The activation energy was measured to be 63 +/- 12 kJ mol-1 (15 +/- 3 kcal mol-1). These results are in very good agreement with previous results for SiC whiskers. No boron was detected during the oxidation of the treated SiC platelets. C1 UNIV DAYTON,RES INST,DAYTON,OH 45469. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV CERAM,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 27 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0142-2421 J9 SURF INTERFACE ANAL JI Surf. Interface Anal. PD FEB PY 1993 VL 20 IS 2 BP 105 EP 110 DI 10.1002/sia.740200203 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA KR192 UT WOS:A1993KR19200001 ER PT J AU CAVANAGH, RR KING, DS STEPHENSON, JC HEINZ, TF AF CAVANAGH, RR KING, DS STEPHENSON, JC HEINZ, TF TI DYNAMICS OF NONTHERMAL REACTIONS - FEMTOSECOND SURFACE-CHEMISTRY SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review ID LASER-INDUCED DESORPTION; VIBRATIONAL-ENERGY RELAXATION; ELECTRON-STIMULATED DESORPTION; INDUCED THERMAL-DESORPTION; SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPY; ADSORBATE-SUBSTRATE VIBRATION; 1) STRETCHING VIBRATIONS; OH(V = 1); METAL-SURFACE; UNIMOLECULAR REACTIONS AB Optically driven surface reactions are attracting an increasing level of attention in the physical chemistry community. Not only have there been recent advances in establishing the viability of laser driven surface reactions, but there has also been an increased awareness of the need to understand the underlying reaction mechanisms. The necessity of accounting for energy-transfer processes that occur on the femtosecond time scale is now apparent. In this review the experimental and theoretical basis of our current understanding is surveyed, and prospective areas of advancement are considered. C1 IBM CORP,THOMAS J WATSON RES CTR,DIV RES,YORKTOWN HTS,NY 10598. RP CAVANAGH, RR (reprint author), NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 196 TC 168 Z9 168 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JAN 28 PY 1993 VL 97 IS 4 BP 786 EP 798 DI 10.1021/j100106a002 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA KJ719 UT WOS:A1993KJ71900002 ER PT J AU KRAUSS, M GARMER, DR AF KRAUSS, M GARMER, DR TI ASSIGNMENT OF THE SPECTRA OF PROTEIN RADICALS IN CYTOCHROME-C PEROXIDASE SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR DOUBLE-RESONANCE; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; COMPOUND ES; SITE; BENZENE; ENDOR; PHOTOLYSIS; TRYPTOPHAN; MECHANISM AB In oxidized cytochrome c peroxidase a peak at 570 nm has been attributed to an intermediate tryptophan free radical of indeterminate protonation state. Ab initio calculations of the spectra of the neutral and cationic free radicals of the indole side chain of tryptophan are used to assign the absorption spectra to the neutral radical. Earlier assignment attempts were confused by the large blue shift in water of the in vacuo transition. The relevant calculated transitions of both the neutral and cationic indole radicals, in fact, shift substantially to the blue in aqueous solution. The theoretical cation spectra do not agree with the experimental spectra and suggest a tautomeric form is observed. Calculations of the valence singlet and triplet excited states of benzene and triplet states of indole are also presented to support the ab initio calculations of the indole radical. Spin densities are calculated for both neutral and cation radicals. The small spin density on nitrogen found for the cation is more in agreement with experimental ENDOR data. The visible and ENDOR data suggest different states of protonation and cannot be reconciled to the electronic properties of the ground-state radical tautomers. C1 MT SINAI MED CTR,DEPT PHYSIOL & BIOPHYS,NEW YORK,NY 10029. RP KRAUSS, M (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,CTR ADV RES BIOTECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 29 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JAN 28 PY 1993 VL 97 IS 4 BP 831 EP 836 DI 10.1021/j100106a006 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA KJ719 UT WOS:A1993KJ71900006 ER PT J AU FENG, Y NIIRANEN, JT BENCSURA, A KNYAZEV, VD GUTMAN, D TSANG, W AF FENG, Y NIIRANEN, JT BENCSURA, A KNYAZEV, VD GUTMAN, D TSANG, W TI WEAK COLLISION EFFECTS IN THE REACTION C2H5-REVERSIBLE-ARROW-C2H4+H SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID VIBRATIONAL-ENERGY-TRANSFER; THERMAL UNIMOLECULAR REACTIONS; EXCITED POLYATOMIC-MOLECULES; KINETIC DATA-BASE; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; RATE CONSTANTS; COMBUSTION CHEMISTRY; ALKYL RADICALS; LOW-PRESSURES; THERMOCHEMISTRY AB The unimolecular decomposition of C2H5 in helium has been investigated near the low-pressure limit (T = 876-1094 K; P = 0.8-14.3 Torr). Rate constants (k1) have been determined as a function of temperature and pressure in the indicated ranges in time-resolved experiments. The reaction was isolated for quantitative study in a heated tubular reactor coupled to a photoionization mass spectrometer. Weak collision effects (fall-off behavior) were analyzed using a master equation analysis. Values of [DELTAE]down for the exponential down energy-loss probability were obtained for each experiment performed. The microcanonical rate constants, k1(E), needed to solve the master equation were obtained from a transition state model for the reaction which is described. The temperature dependence of these [DELTAE]down determinations was apparent and fits the expression [DELTAE]down = 0.255T1.0(+/-0.1) cm-1. It is shown that this expression (derived from experiments conducted between 876 and 1094 K) provides a reasonable representation of observed weak collision effects in helium down to 285 K. Values for [DELTAE]down for C2H5 decomposition in other bath gases were obtained by reexamining published data on the fall-off of the C2H5 unimolecular rate constant in N2, SF6, and C2H6. The experimental results and data simulation were used to obtain a parametrized expression for k1(T,M), the low-pressure limit rate constant for C2H5 decomposition in helium (200-1100 K); k1(0) = 6.63 X 10(9)T-4.99 exp(-20,130 K/T) cm3 molecule-1 s-1. Prior published experiments on both the forward and reverse reactions (C2H5 + (M) double-line arrow pointing left and right C2H4 + H + (M)) in the fall-off region were reevaluated and used in conjunction with an RRKM model of the transition state to obtain a new recommended expression for the high-pressure limit rate constant for the temperature range 200-1 100 K, k1infinity = 1.11 x 10(10)T1.037 exp(-18,504/T) s-1. Parametrization of the density and temperature dependence of k1 in helium according to the modified Hinshelwood expression introduced by Gilbert et al. is provided. C1 CATHOLIC UNIV AMER,DEPT CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20064. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV CHEM KINET,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RI Bencsura, Akos/C-5696-2008 NR 49 TC 91 Z9 92 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD JAN 28 PY 1993 VL 97 IS 4 BP 871 EP 880 DI 10.1021/j100106a012 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA KJ719 UT WOS:A1993KJ71900012 ER PT J AU KAHL, JD CHARLEVOIX, DJ ZAITSEVA, NA SCHNELL, RC SERREZE, MC AF KAHL, JD CHARLEVOIX, DJ ZAITSEVA, NA SCHNELL, RC SERREZE, MC TI ABSENCE OF EVIDENCE FOR GREENHOUSE WARMING OVER THE ARCTIC-OCEAN IN THE PAST 40 YEARS SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE; TROPOSPHERE; CLIMATE; STRATOSPHERE; VARIABILITY; TRENDS; SPACE AB ATMOSPHERIC general circulation models predict enhanced greenhouse warming at high latitudes1 owing to positive feedbacks between air temperature, ice extent and surface albedo2-4. Previous analyses of Arctic temperature trends have been restricted to land-based measurements on the periphery of the Arctic Ocean5,6. Here we present temperatures measured in the lower troposphere over the Arctic Ocean during the period 1950-90. We have analysed more than 27,000 temperature profiles, measured by radiosonde at Russian drifting ice stations and by dropsonde from US 'Ptarmigan' weather reconnaissance aircraft, for trends as a function of season and altitude. Most of the trends are not statistically significant. In particular, we do not observe the large surface warming trends predicted by models; indeed, we detect significant surface cooling trends over the western Arctic Ocean during winter and autumn. This discrepancy suggests that present climate models do not adequately incorporate the physical processes that affect the polar regions. C1 STATE COMM HYDROMETEOROL,CENT AEROL OBSERV,DOLGOPRUDNYI 141700,RUSSIA. NOAA,CLIMATE MONITORING & DIAGNOST LAB,MAUNA LOA OBSERV,HILO,HI 96721. UNIV COLORADO,NOAA,COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI,DIV CRYOSPHER & POLAR PROC,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP KAHL, JD (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT GEOSCI,POB 413,MILWAUKEE,WI 53201, USA. NR 22 TC 86 Z9 90 U1 0 U2 3 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA PORTERS SOUTH, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON, ENGLAND N1 9XW SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JAN 28 PY 1993 VL 361 IS 6410 BP 335 EP 337 DI 10.1038/361335a0 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA KJ590 UT WOS:A1993KJ59000050 ER PT J AU EKIN, JW RUSSEK, SE CLICKNER, CC JEANNERET, B AF EKIN, JW RUSSEK, SE CLICKNER, CC JEANNERET, B TI INSITU NOBLE-METAL YBA2CU3O7 THIN-FILM CONTACTS SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SUPERCONDUCTORS; MORPHOLOGY; JUNCTIONS; SILVER; LINKS AB Thin-film contacts to YBa2Cu3O7 have been fabricated by an in situ noble-metal process and patterned down to 2 X 2 mum2; at this small size, the contacts carry transport current over 10(6) A/cm2 while maintaining a specific contact resistivity rho(c) in the 10(-8) to 10(-9) OMEGA CM2 range. No oxygen annealing was used in the processing, thus avoiding the problem of silver or gold agglomeration, as well as preserving a sharp interface for Josephson-device applications. rho(c) was measured to increase only approximately 25% as temperature was increased from 4 to 90 K. The measurements were carried out on a series of film morphologies using both superconductor-normal metal and superconductor-normal metal-superconductor test structures; a carefully designed test pattern was used to correct for spreading conduction in the noble-metal contact layer. The contacts were ohmic with voltage-current characteristics that were linear over more than four orders of magnitude. RP EKIN, JW (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV ELECTROMAGNET TECHNOL,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. NR 14 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 25 PY 1993 VL 62 IS 4 BP 369 EP 371 DI 10.1063/1.108959 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA KJ343 UT WOS:A1993KJ34300016 ER PT J AU MONROE, CR CORNELL, EA SACKETT, CA MYATT, CJ WIEMAN, CE AF MONROE, CR CORNELL, EA SACKETT, CA MYATT, CJ WIEMAN, CE TI MEASUREMENT OF CS-CS ELASTIC-SCATTERING AT T = 30 MU-K SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NEUTRAL ATOMS; COLLISIONS; HYDROGEN AB We have measured the elastic collision cross section for spin polarized atomic cesium. Neutral cesium atoms are optically cooled, then loaded into a dc magnetic trap. We infer the scattering rate from the rate at which anisotropies in the initial energy distribution are observed to relax. The cross section for F = 3, m(F) = -3 on F = 3, m(F) = -3 is 1.5(4) x 10(-12) cm2, and is independent of temperature from 30 to 250 muK. This determination clarifies the technical requirements for attaining Bose-Einstein condensation in a magnetically trapped Cs vapor. We also study heating due to glancing collisions with 300 K background Cs atoms. C1 UNIV COLORADO,DEPT PHYS,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP MONROE, CR (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. RI Monroe, Christopher/G-8105-2011 NR 23 TC 200 Z9 200 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 25 PY 1993 VL 70 IS 4 BP 414 EP 417 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.70.414 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA KH615 UT WOS:A1993KH61500014 ER PT J AU HARRINGTON, JE SMYTH, KC AF HARRINGTON, JE SMYTH, KC TI LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE MEASUREMENTS OF FORMALDEHYDE IN A METHANE AIR DIFFUSION FLAME SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MULTIPHOTON IONIZATION; PHOTOCHEMISTRY; SPECTROSCOPY; STATE; RATES AB Laser-induced fluorescence has been observed form the formaldehyde A1A2-X1A1 electronic transition in a well characterized, laminar methane/air diffusion flame burning at atmospheric pressure. This represents the first optical measurement in flames of naturally occurring formaldehyde, an important intermediate in the oxidation of hydrocarbons. Both 355 nm and tunable dye laser excitation of fluorescence are demonstrated. The observed fluorescence signals are corrected for partition function effects and for estimated collisional quenching rates to obtain relative concentration profiles. RP HARRINGTON, JE (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BLDG & FIRE RES LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 35 TC 69 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 22 PY 1993 VL 202 IS 3-4 BP 196 EP 202 DI 10.1016/0009-2614(93)85265-P PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA KH778 UT WOS:A1993KH77800005 ER PT J AU CHURNSIDE, JH PALMER, AJ AF CHURNSIDE, JH PALMER, AJ TI DELTA-K LIDAR SENSING OF SURFACE-WAVES IN A WAVE TANK SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article AB The DELTAk lidar remote-sensing method is used in a laboratory wave tank demonstration to measure the frequency of surface waves as a function of their wavelength. The results clearly demonstrate the ability of the DELTAk lidar method to detect a single surface wave among an ensemble of waves present on the surface with a signal-to-noise ratio that agrees with the theory. RP CHURNSIDE, JH (reprint author), NOAA, WAVE PROPAGAT LAB, NO REWP5, 325 S BROADWAY, BOULDER, CO 80303 USA. RI Churnside, James/H-4873-2013 NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JAN 20 PY 1993 VL 32 IS 3 BP 339 EP 342 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA KH745 UT WOS:A1993KH74500016 PM 20802696 ER PT J AU MONTZKA, SA TRAINER, M GOLDAN, PD KUSTER, WC FEHSENFELD, FC AF MONTZKA, SA TRAINER, M GOLDAN, PD KUSTER, WC FEHSENFELD, FC TI ISOPRENE AND ITS OXIDATION-PRODUCTS, METHYL VINYL KETONE AND METHACROLEIN, IN THE RURAL TROPOSPHERE SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID GAS-PHASE; NATURAL HYDROCARBONS; OXYGENATED HYDROCARBONS; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; BOUNDARY-LAYER; RATE CONSTANTS; ALPHA-PINENE; AMBIENT AIR; EMISSIONS; NOX AB The mixing ratios of methyl vinyl ketone (CH2=CHCOCH3) and methacrolein (CH2=C(CH3)COH) were measured at a site located in the Kinterbish Wildlife Management Area in western Alabama. The measurements were made between June 15 and July 20, 1990. Considering all the data over the whole measurement period, the concentrations of these two carbonyls were approximately equal at this isolated rural site. The average mixing ratios for methyl vinyl ketone and methacrolein were 0.98 parts per billion by volume (ppbv) and 0.66 ppbv, respectively, while the medians were 0.87 ppbv and 0.57 ppbv. The methyl vinyl ketone mixing ratio varied from 3.4 ppbv to the detection limit of the instrument, almost-equal-to 0.01 ppbv, while the methacrolein mixing ratio varied from 2.6 ppbv to 0.027 ppbv. These carbonyls constituted a significant fraction of the volatile organic compounds observed at the site: their mixing ratios, measured 2 m above the top of the forest canopy, were less than that of the dominant compound isoprene but were considerably greater than the mixing ratios of anthropogenic compounds (e.g., benzene). The mixing ratios of methyl vinyl ketone and methacrolein were found to be highly correlated and exhibited a systematic variation with respect to each other. On average, during the day, methyl vinyl ketone was larger than methacrolein, while methacrolein tended to be slightly larger during the night. The systematic behavior of these compounds with respect to each other and other compounds measured at the site were simulated using a one-dimensional photochemical model. These observations were consistent with the production and loss of isoprene, methyl vinyl ketone, and methacrolein by photochemical oxidation reactions. C1 NOAA,CLIMATE MONITORING & DIAGNOST LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303. RP MONTZKA, SA (reprint author), NOAA,AERON LAB,325 BROADWAY,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. RI Kuster, William/E-7421-2010; Trainer, Michael/H-5168-2013; Fehsenfeld, Frederick/I-4876-2013; OI Kuster, William/0000-0002-8788-8588; Montzka, Stephen/0000-0002-9396-0400 NR 39 TC 142 Z9 146 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JAN 20 PY 1993 VL 98 IS D1 BP 1101 EP 1111 DI 10.1029/92JD02382 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KJ594 UT WOS:A1993KJ59400010 ER PT J AU SIKKA, M SINGH, N KARIM, A BATES, FS SATIJA, SK MAJKRZAK, CF AF SIKKA, M SINGH, N KARIM, A BATES, FS SATIJA, SK MAJKRZAK, CF TI ENTROPY-DRIVEN SURFACE SEGREGATION IN BLOCK COPOLYMER MELTS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DIBLOCK COPOLYMER; NEUTRON REFLECTIVITY; POLYMER MIXTURES; MORPHOLOGY; TRANSITION; FILMS AB Surface segregation in thin films of symmetric polyolefin diblock copolymers containing a lamellar microstructure, cast on a variety of substrates, has been investigated. In all cases, the conformationally smaller block preferentially segregated to both the solid and air interfaces even though the surface energy of the solid substrate always exceeded that of the block copolymer. These results indicate an entropically driven surface segregation effect that we attribute to block conformational asymmetry. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP SIKKA, M (reprint author), UNIV MINNESOTA,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455, USA. OI Bates, Frank/0000-0003-3977-1278 NR 23 TC 95 Z9 95 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 18 PY 1993 VL 70 IS 3 BP 307 EP 310 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.70.307 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA KG618 UT WOS:A1993KG61800015 ER PT J AU NORTON, SJ BOWLER, JR AF NORTON, SJ BOWLER, JR TI THEORY OF EDDY-CURRENT INVERSION SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB The inverse eddy current problem can be described as the task of reconstructing an unknown distribution of electrical conductivity from eddy-current probe impedance measurements recorded as a function of probe position, excitation frequency, or both. In eddy current nondestructive evaluation, this is widely recognized as a central theoretical problem whose solution is likely to have a significant impact on the characterization of flaws in conducting materials. Because the inverse problem is nonlinear, we propose using an iterative least-squares algorithm for recovering the conductivity. In this algorithm, the conductivity distribution sought minimizes the mean-square difference between the predicted and measured impedance values. The gradient of the impedance plays a fundamental role since it tells us how to update the conductivity in such a way as to guarantee a reduction in the mean-square difference. The impedance gradient is obtained in analytic form using function-space methods. The resulting expression is independent of the type of discretization ultimately chosen to approximate the flaw, and thus has greater generality than an approach in which discretization is performed first. The gradient is derived from the solution to two forward problems: an ordinary and an ''adjoint'' problem. In contrast, a finite difference computation of the gradient requires the solution of multiple forward problems, one for each unknown parameter used in modeling the flaw. Two general types of inverse problems are considered: the reconstruction of a conductivity distribution, and the reconstruction of the shape of an inclusion or crack whose conductivity is known or assumed to be zero. A layered conductor with unknown layer conductivities is treated as an example of the first type of inversion problem. An ellipsoidal crack is presented as an example of the second type of inversion problem. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP NORTON, SJ (reprint author), UNIV SURREY,GUILDFORD GU2 5XH,SURREY,ENGLAND. RI Bowler, John/J-8955-2012 NR 12 TC 123 Z9 131 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JAN 15 PY 1993 VL 73 IS 2 BP 501 EP 512 DI 10.1063/1.353359 PG 12 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA KG476 UT WOS:A1993KG47600003 ER PT J AU FORNEY, D JACOX, ME THOMPSON, WE AF FORNEY, D JACOX, ME THOMPSON, WE TI THE VIBRATIONAL-SPECTRA OF MOLECULAR-IONS ISOLATED IN SOLID NEON - X H2O+, HDO+, AND D2O+ SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INFRARED-LASER SPECTROSCOPY; ORBITAL ANGULAR-MOMENTUM; ELECTRON CLUSTER ANIONS; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; MATRIX-ISOLATION; A2A1-X2B1 TRANSITIONS; TRIATOMIC-MOLECULES; VACUUM ULTRAVIOLET; VIBRONIC STRUCTURE; COMET-KOHOUTEK AB When a Ne:H2O greater-than-or-equal-to 200 sample is codeposited at approximately 5 K with a beam of neon atoms that have been excited in a microwave discharge, new infrared absorptions appear close to the gas-phase band centers of the three vibrational fundamentals of H2O+. Detailed isotopic substitution studies confirm this assignment and provide assignments for all of the vibrational fundamentals of HDO+ and D2O+. When ions are present in the neon matrix, rotation of a significant fraction of the water molecules is inhibited. Electrons produced by the photodetachment of anions, which must be present to maintain overall charge neutrality of the deposit, accelerate nuclear spin equilibration of water in the matrix. As the concentration of H2O+ is decreased by capture of the photodetached electrons, the absorptions assigned to nonrotating water are also reduced in intensity. The nature of the other ionic species which may be present in the sample is considered. RP FORNEY, D (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV MOLEC PHYS,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 63 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JAN 15 PY 1993 VL 98 IS 2 BP 841 EP 849 DI 10.1063/1.464248 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA KH442 UT WOS:A1993KH44200009 ER PT J AU LEE, SH HUBBARD, JB AF LEE, SH HUBBARD, JB TI ELECTROLYTES CONSTRAINED ON FRACTAL STRUCTURES - DEBYE-HUCKEL THEORY SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB We calculate, via the Debye-Huckel theory, the effect of ionic screening on the thermodynamic properties of an electrolyte confined topologically to an isotropic random fractal structure embedded in three dimensions. It is found that screening effects are generally important, even for low fractal dimensions. In many instances crossover effects occur, whereby with increasing ionic strength, a low dimension fractal is more stabilized by screening than a fractal of higher dimension. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV BIOTECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP LEE, SH (reprint author), KYUNGSUNG UNIV,DEPT CHEM,PUSAN 608736,SOUTH KOREA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JAN 15 PY 1993 VL 98 IS 2 BP 1504 EP 1508 DI 10.1063/1.464314 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA KH442 UT WOS:A1993KH44200070 ER PT J AU WU, WL AF WU, WL TI OFF-SPECULAR REFLECTION FROM FLAT INTERFACES WITH DENSITY OR COMPOSITIONAL FLUCTUATIONS SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY; FILMS; DIFFRACTION; SCATTERING; NEUTRONS; SURFACES AB The reflection or scattering from a flat interface with density or compositional fluctuations has been investigated. An integral equation to relate the scattered intensities and the interface structure was proposed using a two-potential approach. The reflection geometry was taken into consideration explicitly in this derivation. This integral equation was applied to relate the off-specular scattering intensities to the interface structure in neutron or x-ray reflectivity measurements. Some numerical calculations based on model interfaces with certain structural features are conducted; and the results demonstrate the possibility of using the information from off-specular scattering to narrow the selections among the many model potentials or interface structures allowed by the specular reflectivity results. RP WU, WL (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, MAT SCI & ENGN LAB, DIV POLYMER, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. NR 15 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JAN 15 PY 1993 VL 98 IS 2 BP 1687 EP 1694 DI 10.1063/1.464284 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA KH442 UT WOS:A1993KH44200090 ER PT J AU MATANO, RP PHILANDER, SGH AF MATANO, RP PHILANDER, SGH TI HEAT AND MASS BALANCES OF THE SOUTH-ATLANTIC OCEAN CALCULATED FROM A NUMERICAL-MODEL SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID ANTARCTIC CIRCUMPOLAR CURRENT; GEOSTROPHIC CIRCULATION; GENERAL-CIRCULATION; EXCHANGE; WATER AB The general circulation model of Bryan (1969), modified by the introduction of open boundary conditions at the Drake Passage and between Africa and Antarctica, has been used to study the mass and heat budgets of the South Atlantic Ocean. The model was initialized with the climatological annual mean values of temperature and salinity of Levitus (1982) and forced at its surface with the climatological wind stress data of Hellerman and Rosenstein (1983). After 3 years of integration the model reached a quasi-stationary state. A heat balance shows that the model transports 0.19 PW of heat toward the north across 30-degrees-S. While a large part of this heat is supplied by the atmosphere and involves the conversion of intermediate waters into surface waters. a comparison with climatological data of atmospheric heat fluxes suggests that an extra source of heat is necessary to maintain the northward heat flux C1 PRINCETON UNIV,ATMOSPHER & OCEAN SCI PROGRAM,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. NR 24 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD JAN 15 PY 1993 VL 98 IS C1 BP 977 EP 984 DI 10.1029/92JC01899 PG 8 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA KG675 UT WOS:A1993KG67500011 ER PT J AU STRONG, AE AF STRONG, AE TI A NOTE ON THE POSSIBLE CONNECTION BETWEEN THE EL-CHICHON ERUPTION AND OCEAN PRODUCTION IN THE NORTHWEST ARABIAN SEA DURING 1982 SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Note AB The coastal zone color scanner (CZCS) has provided what may be the most convincing evidence to date of a large-scale ocean response to a volcanic eruption. Brock and McClain's (1992) 4-year time series of pigments over the Arabian Sea appears to reveal a slowdown in production over much of this basin. Apparently, the entire southwest monsoon relaxed beneath the tremendous pall of the El Chichon aerosol cloud that had overshadowed the region 4 months earlier, producing dramatically reduced concentrations of phytoplankton during summer and fall 1982. RP STRONG, AE (reprint author), USN,NOAA,NATL ENVIRONM SATELLITE DATA & INFORMAT SERV,ANNAPOLIS,MD 21402, USA. RI Strong, Alan/E-7924-2011 NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD JAN 15 PY 1993 VL 98 IS C1 BP 985 EP 987 DI 10.1029/92JC02443 PG 3 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA KG675 UT WOS:A1993KG67500012 ER PT J AU WIEDERHORN, SM HOCKEY, BJ CRANMER, DC YECKLEY, R AF WIEDERHORN, SM HOCKEY, BJ CRANMER, DC YECKLEY, R TI TRANSIENT CREEP-BEHAVIOR OF HOT ISOSTATICALLY PRESSED SILICON-NITRIDE SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID TENSILE CREEP; LIQUID-PHASE; SI3N4; FRACTURE; CARBIDE; DAMAGE; GLASS AB Transient creep is shown to dominate the high-temperature behaviour of a grade of hot isostatically pressed silicon nitride containing only 4 wt% Y2O3 as a sintering aid. Contributing factors to transient creep are discussed and it is concluded that the most likely cause of long-term transient creep in the present study is intergranular sliding and interlocking of silicon nitride grains. In early stages of creep, devitrification of the intergranular phase, and intergranular flow of that phase may also contribute to the transient creep process. The occurrence of transient creep precluded the determination of an activation energy on the as-received material. However, after creep in the temperature range 1330-1430-degrees-C for times exceeding approximately 1100 h, an apparent activation energy of almost-equal-to 1260 kJ mol-1 was measured. It is suggested that the apparent activation energy for creep is determined by the mobility and concentration of diffusing species in the intergranular glassy phase. The time-to-rupture was found to be a power function of the minimum strain rate, independent of applied stress or temperature. Hence, creep-rupture behaviour followed a Monkman-Grant relation. A strain rate exponent of -1.12 was determined. C1 NORTON TRW CERAM,NORTHBOROUGH,MA 01532. RP WIEDERHORN, SM (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 46 TC 80 Z9 80 U1 0 U2 2 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD JAN 15 PY 1993 VL 28 IS 2 BP 445 EP 453 DI 10.1007/BF00357822 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA KM823 UT WOS:A1993KM82300024 ER PT J AU ORLANSKI, I CHANG, EKM AF ORLANSKI, I CHANG, EKM TI AGEOSTROPHIC GEOPOTENTIAL FLUXES IN DOWNSTREAM AND UPSTREAM DEVELOPMENT OF BAROCLINIC WAVES SO JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID INSTABILITY AB With the use of a simple primitive equation model, it is demonstrated that the convergence/divergence of ageostrophic geopotential fluxes can be a major source/sink of kinetic energy for both downstream and upstream development of baroclinic waves, and can play a dominant role during the early stages of wave development. It is also shown that both surface friction and beta effects lead to an asymmetry in the upstream verses downstream development, with downstream development much stronger. A total group velocity is defined based on ageostrophic fluxes, and its relationship to the rate of wave packet spreading and to convective and absolute instability is discussed. RP ORLANSKI, I (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,NOAA,GEOPHYS FLUID DYNAM LAB,ATMOSPHER & OCEAN SCI PROGRAM,PRINCETON,NJ 08542, USA. NR 16 TC 76 Z9 80 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0022-4928 J9 J ATMOS SCI JI J. Atmos. Sci. PD JAN 15 PY 1993 VL 50 IS 2 BP 212 EP 225 DI 10.1175/1520-0469(1993)050<0212:AGFIDA>2.0.CO;2 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KL111 UT WOS:A1993KL11100004 ER PT J AU GAN, Z ANDERSON, DZ AF GAN, Z ANDERSON, DZ TI PHOTOREFRACTIVE DELAY-LINE FOR THE VISUALIZATION AND PROCESSING OF TIME-DEPENDENT SIGNALS SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB We present an optical time-delay line based on photorefractive beam coupling in a rotating crystal. The delay line can be tapped continuously or at selected positions. We demonstrate a 64-channel device with a BaTiO3 crystal rotating at 1.5 rpm, which gives approximately a 167-Hz bandwidth and 0.5 s of time delay for each channel. C1 UNIV COLORADO, JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA. RP GAN, Z (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO, DEPT PHYS, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 EI 1539-4794 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD JAN 15 PY 1993 VL 18 IS 2 BP 167 EP 169 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA KG085 UT WOS:A1993KG08500028 ER PT J AU HUDSON, LT KURTZ, RL ROBEY, SW TEMPLE, D STOCKBAUER, RL AF HUDSON, LT KURTZ, RL ROBEY, SW TEMPLE, D STOCKBAUER, RL TI PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPIC STUDY OF THE VALENCE AND CORE-LEVEL ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE OF BATIO3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SHAKE-UP SATELLITES; SPECTRA; TIO2; SURFACES; SRTIO3; PHOTOEMISSION; STATES; ENERGY; DENSITIES; EMISSION AB We present valence and core-level photoemission measurements from vacuum-fractured, single-crystal barium titanate. These results resolve contradictory measurements in the literature which have employed other methods of sample sur-face preparation. The valence-shell electronic structure is compared with previously published results of band structure and cluster calculations. Resonant photoemission is used to probe the covalent coupling between titanium and oxygen in the cubic and tetragonal phases of this ionic compound. Photoelectron spectra of the Ti 2p and O 1s core levels reveal the valence of these two ions to be TiO2-like. Valence, core, satellite, and Auger transitions are also assigned and tabulated. C1 LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803. RP HUDSON, LT (reprint author), NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 43 TC 109 Z9 110 U1 2 U2 24 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 15 PY 1993 VL 47 IS 3 BP 1174 EP 1180 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.47.1174 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA KJ518 UT WOS:A1993KJ51800002 ER PT J AU DREWS, AR RUBINSTEIN, M STAUSS, GH BENNETT, LH SWARTZENDRUBER, LJ AF DREWS, AR RUBINSTEIN, M STAUSS, GH BENNETT, LH SWARTZENDRUBER, LJ TI NMR, MAGNETISM AND MOSSBAUER-EFFECT IN ICOSAHEDRAL AL63CU24.5FE12.5 - A THERMODYNAMICALLY STABLE QUASI-PERIODIC ALLOY SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article ID CRYSTALS; QUASICRYSTALS AB We report results of Al-27 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), magnetism and iron-site Mossbauer experiments on the thermodynamically stable and ''perfectly'' quasicrystalline icosahedral alloy Al63Cu24.5Fe12.5. NMR experiments were performed at 11.10, 17.8 and 45.7 MHz and at temperatures as low as 50 K. Magnetization was measured at 295, 100 and 5 K, while iron site Mossbauer was measured at 295 and 4.2 K. We find very small NMR Knight shifts and long relaxation times that we interpret as consistent with a pseudo-gap in the density of states near the Fermi level. NMR line shapes in AlCuFe do not show quadrupolar structure consistent with a single aluminum site. We report results of numerical simulations that effectively reproduce the features and trends in observed line shapes by means of a broad distribution of electric field gradients (EFGs) at aluminum sites. Our magnetization and Mossbauer effect experiments show that there is a very small fraction of the material that is magnetically ordered at low temperatures. This magnetic behavior was only observed well below the lowest temperature of NMR experiments and cannot be responsible for the broad NMR lines. Iron-site Mossbauer lines show significant broadening characteristic of a distribution of EFGs that is qualitatively similar to that indicated for the aluminum site. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. RP USN, RES LAB, MAT PHYS BRANCH, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 EI 1873-4669 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD JAN 11 PY 1993 VL 190 IS 2 BP 189 EP 195 DI 10.1016/0925-8388(93)90398-7 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA KF326 UT WOS:A1993KF32600015 ER PT J AU MOHR, PJ SOFF, G AF MOHR, PJ SOFF, G TI NUCLEAR SIZE CORRECTION TO THE ELECTRON SELF-ENERGY SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LITHIUM-LIKE URANIUM; HYDROGEN-LIKE ATOMS; LAMB SHIFT; VACUUM POLARIZATION; BINDING; HEAVY AB The nuclear size correction to the self-energy of an electron in the 1S1/2, 2S1/2, or 2P1/2 state in hydrogenlike ions is calculated. The results modify theoretical predictions required for experimental tests of quantum electrodynamics in strong fields, and they resolve differences among previous calculations for the Lamb shift in hydrogenlike uranium. Results are presented for a number of elements ranging from iron (Z = 26) to fermium (Z = 100). An estimate of the nuclear model dependence of the effect is made, and, based on the numerical results, a simple formula for the correction as a function of the nuclear radius is provided. C1 GESELL SCHWERIONENFORSCH GMBH,W-6100 DARMSTADT,GERMANY. RP MOHR, PJ (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 21 TC 111 Z9 111 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 11 PY 1993 VL 70 IS 2 BP 158 EP 161 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.70.158 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA KF880 UT WOS:A1993KF88000015 ER PT J AU OBRIEN, WL JIA, J DONG, QY CALLCOTT, TA MIYANO, KE EDERER, DL MUELLER, DR KAO, CC AF OBRIEN, WL JIA, J DONG, QY CALLCOTT, TA MIYANO, KE EDERER, DL MUELLER, DR KAO, CC TI SOFT-X-RAY EMISSION INSULATORS - SPECTATOR VERSUS NORMAL EMISSION SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; PHONON RELAXATION; CORE EXCITON; SPECTRA; DECAY; BN AB We investigate the excitation energy dependence of the boron K soft-x-ray emission of B2O3 and hexagonal-BN using synchrotron radiation. When exciting into the core exciton state the spectra are shifted to lower energy by 1.5 and 1.8 eV, respectively. This shift is found to be a result of phonon relaxation and differences in initial- and final-state electronic screening. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. TULANE UNIV,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70118. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. NR 15 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 11 PY 1993 VL 70 IS 2 BP 238 EP 241 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.70.238 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA KF880 UT WOS:A1993KF88000035 ER PT J AU LINSKY, JL BROWN, A GAYLEY, K DIPLAS, A SAVAGE, BD AYRES, TR LANDSMAN, W SHORE, SN HEAP, SR AF LINSKY, JL BROWN, A GAYLEY, K DIPLAS, A SAVAGE, BD AYRES, TR LANDSMAN, W SHORE, SN HEAP, SR TI GODDARD HIGH-RESOLUTION SPECTROGRAPH OBSERVATIONS OF THE LOCAL INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM AND THE DEUTERIUM HYDROGEN RATIO ALONG THE LINE OF SIGHT TOWARD CAPELLA SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ISM, ABUNDANCES; STARS, INDIVIDUAL ALPHA-AURIGAE); ULTRAVIOLET, INTERSTELLAR ID BETA-CANIS-MAJORIS; ULTRAVIOLET OBSERVATIONS; DIFFUSE CLOUDS; LYMAN-ALPHA; ZETA-PERSEI; COOL STARS; MASS RATIO; H-I; ABUNDANCES; SPECTROGRAPH AB We analyze HST Goddard High-Resolution Spectrograph observations of the 1216, 2600, and 2800 angstrom spectral regions for the spectroscopic binary system Capella, obtained at orbital phase 0.26 with 3.27-3.57 km s-1 resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio. We infer the column densities of H I, D I, Mg II, and Fe II for the local interstellar medium along this 12.5 pc line of sight, together with estimates of the temperature and turbulent velocity. If we assume that the intrinsic Lyalpha lines of the component stars in the Capella system can be approximated as scaled solar lines (with self-reversals), which is consistent with the observed Lyalpha profile of the high radial velocity star delta Lep, then the interstellar neutral hydrogen column density toward Capella, N(HI) = 1.80(+/- 0.1) x 10(18) cm-2. This corresponds to an average hydrogen number density, n(HI) = 0.047 cm-3. To account for a wider range of intrinsic line profiles that may characterize the more active Capella stars, we increase the allowed range of N(HI) to 1.8(+ 0.3, - 0.1) x 10(18) cm-2. The deuterium column density and line width parameter are found to be N(DI) = 2.97( + 0.13, - 0.05) x 10(13) cm-2 and b(D) = 7.81(+ 0.23, - 0.03) km s-1. The widths of the interstellar D I, Mg II, and Fe II lines indicate that the broadening has both thermal and turbulent components with the temperature T = 7000 +/- 200 K, and the turbulent velocity xi = 1.66 +/- 0.03 km s-1. These parameters indicate that b(HI) = 10.9 km s-1. We infer that the atomic deuterium/hydrogen ratio by number is (D/H)LISM = 1.65(+ 0.07, - 0.18) x 10(-5) for this line of sight. Our value of the D/H ratio lies near the mean of many earlier but less certain values for the Capella line of sight and toward other stars located as far as 1 kpc from the Sun. We present evidence that a constant value for (D/H)LISM in the nearby Galactic disk should be adopted as the best available working hypothesis, but this hypothesis must be tested by future HST observations of Capella at phase 0.75 and of other stars. Galactic evolution calculations indicate that the primordial D/H ratio, (D/H)p, probably lies in the range of (1.5-3) x (D/H)LISM. Standard big bang nucleosynthesis models for (D/H)p = 2.2-2.5 x 10(-5) imply that OMEGA(B)h50(2) = 0.06-0.08, where OMEGA(B) is the baryonic density in units of the Einstein-de Sitter closure density, and h50 is the Hubble constant in units of 50 km s-1 Mpc-1. If H-0 = 80 km s-1 Mpc-1 as recent evidence suggests, then OMEGA(B) = 0.023-0.031. Thus the universe will expand forever, unless nonbaryonic matter greatly exceeds the amount of baryonic matter. C1 UNIV COLORADO,JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80309. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT ASTRON,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV COLORADO,CTR ASTROPHYS & SPACE ASTRON,BOULDER,CO 80309. NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,STX,GREENBELT,MD 20771. RP LINSKY, JL (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV QUANTUM PHYS,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. NR 80 TC 250 Z9 250 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 10 PY 1993 VL 402 IS 2 BP 694 EP 709 DI 10.1086/172170 PN 1 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA KG271 UT WOS:A1993KG27100032 ER PT J AU AYRES, TR BROWN, A GAYLEY, KG LINSKY, JL AF AYRES, TR BROWN, A GAYLEY, KG LINSKY, JL TI THE HYDROGEN LYMAN-ALPHA EMISSION OF CAPELLA SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE LINE, PROFILES; STARS, CHROMOSPHERES; STARS, INDIVIDUAL (ALPHA-AURIGAE); ULTRAVIOLET, STARS ID OUTER ATMOSPHERES; COOL STARS; ULTRAVIOLET; FACES; GIANT; IUE AB We describe the hydrogen Lyalpha emission of the spectroscopic binary Capella (G8 III + GO III) recorded at 0.1 angstrom resolution by the International Ultraviolet Explorer. The overt changes in the composite line shape with orbital phase are controlled by the active GO III star and permit a dissection of the stellar components despite the obliteration of the central portion of the profile by atomic hydrogen and deuterium absorption along the 12.5 pc sightline. The Lyalpha line shape of the active GO III star is surprisingly asymmetric and possibly is variable. Both characteristics suggest a stellar wind of moderate excitation (2 x 10(4)-1 x 10(5) K), a key component of the coronal evolution scenario of Simon & Drake for the Hertzsprung-gap giants. In a companion paper Linsky et al. use the intrinsic Lyalpha line shape of Capella to derive the interstellar hydrogen column density and the cosmologically significant D/H ratio based on a comparison with a 0.015 angstrom resolution profile obtained by the Goddard High Resolution Spectrograph of the Hubble Space Telescope. C1 UNIV COLORADO, JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, DIV QUANTUM PHYS, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA. RP UNIV COLORADO, CTR ASTROPHYS & SPACE ASTRON, CAMPUS BOX 389, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA. NR 33 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 10 PY 1993 VL 402 IS 2 BP 710 EP 720 DI 10.1086/172171 PN 1 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA KG271 UT WOS:A1993KG27100033 ER PT J AU FROHLICH, C DAVIS, SD AF FROHLICH, C DAVIS, SD TI TELESEISMIC B-VALUES - OR, MUCH ADO ABOUT 1.0 SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article ID LINK CLUSTER-ANALYSIS; LARGE SHALLOW EARTHQUAKES; DEEP-FOCUS EARTHQUAKES; MAGNITUDE SCALE; SEISMICITY; MOMENT; AFTERSHOCKS; CATALOGS; QUANTIFICATION; CALIFORNIA AB In this paper we investigate the value of b in the Gutenberg-Richter relation for four teleseismic catalogs of earthquakes: Abe's historical catalog, the Harvard Centroid Moment Tensor (CMT) catalog, the catalog of the International Seismological Centre (ISC), and the Blacknest catalog. An unfortunate result is that b differs by 30% or more when determined in different magnitude ranges, in different catalogs, or using different methods. For global catalogs separated into shallow, intermediate, and deep earthquake groups, all values determined for b lie between 0.72 and 1.34. We can identify no systematic global variation of b with depth. For teleseismic catalogs it is difficult to believe measured geographic variations in b because systematic errors cause problems of earthquake detection, earthquake location, aftershock identification, and magnitude determination. However some variations in b are so persistent and large that they must be real. For deep earthquakes in Tonga-Fiji, for example, various measurements of b lie between 1.06 and 1.57, comparable to b for shallow earthquakes, whereas measurements of b for deep earthquakes in the rest of the world are much lower, between 0.53 and 0.96. For shallow earthquakes in the Harvard CMT catalog, earthquakes with thrust and strike slip focal mechanisms have significantly lower b values (0.86 and 0.77) than earthquakes with normal faulting mechanisms (1.06). When we separate the ISC catalog into primary events (mainshocks and earthquakes with no aftershocks or foreshocks) and secondary events (aftershocks and foreshocks), we observe that b for secondary events is nearly always significantly higher than b for mainshocks. However, we show that the difference has no physical significance, as it arises simply from the act of choosing mainshocks as the largest earthquake in a foreshock-mainshock-aftershock sequence. When we correct for this systematic effect by comparing the real catalogs to identical catalogs with randomly reassigned magnitudes, we find that b for secondary events in the real catalog is actually lower than expected. Thus among aftershocks large earthquakes are relatively more common than expected, perhaps because the mainshock rupture loads asperities in adjacent regions. C1 ENVIRONM SCI & NATL GEOPHYS DATA CTR, COOPERAT INST RES, BOULDER, CO USA. RP UNIV TEXAS, INST GEOPHYS, 8701 N MOPAC BLVD, AUSTIN, TX 78759 USA. RI Frohlich, Cliff/A-8573-2008 NR 49 TC 211 Z9 219 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD JAN 10 PY 1993 VL 98 IS B1 BP 631 EP 644 DI 10.1029/92JB01891 PG 14 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA KG667 UT WOS:A1993KG66700020 ER PT J AU CAMPOS, FX WALTMAN, CJ LEONE, SR AF CAMPOS, FX WALTMAN, CJ LEONE, SR TI LASER VAPORIZATION TIME-OF-FLIGHT STUDIES OF CRYOGENIC CL2/XE FILMS SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Laser ablation of cryogenic films formed from mixtures of Cl2 and Xe is studied by measuring the velocity distributions of the vaporized products. The mean velocity of the products vaporized by 355 nm light depends strongly on the Cl2 fraction and the film thickness. In addition, the ablation of thick films with a Xe fraction above 50% produces velocity distributions with slow and fast components having distinct temperatures. The fast component is found to have enhanced amounts of both Xe and Cl atoms. The results suggest that inhomogeneities in the cryogenic films, in the form of zones of relatively high Cl2 concentration, play an important role in the vaporization process. C1 UNIV COLORADO,DEPT CHEM,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP CAMPOS, FX (reprint author), NBS,JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. NR 6 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 8 PY 1993 VL 201 IS 5-6 BP 399 EP 403 DI 10.1016/0009-2614(93)85091-2 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA KF754 UT WOS:A1993KF75400002 ER PT J AU SCHWEIGER, AJ SERREZE, MC KEY, JR AF SCHWEIGER, AJ SERREZE, MC KEY, JR TI ARCTIC SEA ICE ALBEDO - A COMPARISON OF 2 SATELLITE-DERIVED DATA SETS SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MODEL AB Spatial patterns of mean monthly surface albedo for May, June, and July, derived from DMSP Operational Line Scan (OLS) satellite imagery are compared with surface albedos derived from the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Program (ISCCP) monthly data set. Spatial patterns obtained by the two techniques are in general agreement, especially for June and July. Nevertheless, systematic differences in albedo of 0.05 - 0.10 are noted which are most likely related to uncertainties in the simple parameterizations used in the DMSP analyses, problems in the ISCCP cloud-clearing algorithm and other modeling simplifications. However, with respect to the eventual goal of developing a reliable automated retrieval algorithm for compiling a long-term albedo data base, these initial comparisons are very encouraging. RP SCHWEIGER, AJ (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,NOAA,COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI,DIV CRYOSPHER & POLAR PROC,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. RI Key, Jeffrey/F-5597-2010 OI Key, Jeffrey/0000-0001-6109-3050 NR 11 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JAN 8 PY 1993 VL 20 IS 1 BP 41 EP 44 DI 10.1029/92GL03006 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA KH688 UT WOS:A1993KH68800011 ER PT J AU RAVISHANKARA, AR SOLOMON, S TURNIPSEED, AA WARREN, RF AF RAVISHANKARA, AR SOLOMON, S TURNIPSEED, AA WARREN, RF TI ATMOSPHERIC LIFETIMES OF LONG-LIVED HALOGENATED SPECIES SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID VACUUM ULTRAVIOLET; PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTRA; DEACTIVATION; O(D-1); CF4 AB The atmospheric lifetimes of the fluorinated gases CF4, C2F6, c-C4F8, (CF3)2c-C4F6, C5F12, C6F14, C2F5Cl, C2F4Cl2, CF3Cl, and SF6 are of concern because of the effects that these long-lived compounds acting as greenhouse gases can have on global climate. The possible atmospheric loss processes of these gases were assessed by determining the rate coefficients for the reactions of these gases with O(1D), H, and OH and the absorption cross sections at 121.6 nanometers in the laboratory and using these data as input to a two-dimensional atmospheric model. The lifetimes of all the studied perfluoro compounds are >2000 years, and those of CF3Cl, CF3CF2Cl, and CF2ClCF2Cl are >300 years. If released into the atmosphere, these molecules will accumulate and their effects will persist for centuries or millennia. C1 UNIV COLORADO,NOAA,COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI,BOULDER,CO 80309. UNIV COLORADO,DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP RAVISHANKARA, AR (reprint author), NOAA,AERON LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. RI Ravishankara, Akkihebbal/A-2914-2011 NR 29 TC 352 Z9 364 U1 3 U2 38 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JAN 8 PY 1993 VL 259 IS 5092 BP 194 EP 199 DI 10.1126/science.259.5092.194 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA KF719 UT WOS:A1993KF71900021 PM 17790983 ER PT J AU JINNAI, H HASEGAWA, H HASHIMOTO, T BRIBER, RM HAN, CC AF JINNAI, H HASEGAWA, H HASHIMOTO, T BRIBER, RM HAN, CC TI EFFECT OF CROSS-LINKS ON THE MISCIBILITY OF A DEUTERATED POLYBUTADIENE AND PROTONATED POLYBUTADIENE BLEND SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING; SPINODAL DECOMPOSITION; LIGHT-SCATTERING; POLYMER BLENDS; POLYVINYL METHYL-ETHER); MICROPHASE SEPARATION; PHASE-SEPARATION; BEHAVIOR; MIXTURES; MICROSTRUCTURE AB The effect of peroxide cross-linking on the phase diagram and the scattering function for a critical mixture of perdeuterated polybutadiene (DPB) and protonated polybutadiene (HPB) hm been examined by small-angle neutron scattering as a function of temperature. The scattering curves for the cross-linked blends were essentially temperature independent. It was found that even at temperature (T) below the critical temperature (T(c)) of the un-cross-linked (linear) blend (e.g., T = 0-degrees-C; T(c) = 99.2-degrees-C), the cross-linked blends remained single phase and did not undergo microphase separation. The calculation of the reduced temperature, epsilon, for the cross-linked blends also implied that the cross-linking greatly increased the single-phase region of the phase diagram. A comparison of the scattering for the cross-linked blend with that of the linear blend at the cross-linking temperature (150-degrees-C) allowed a suppression in the scattering due to the presence of the cross-links. However, it was experimentally found that the concentration fluctuations present at the temperature of cross-linking dominate the scattering, which made it rather difficult to verify the prediction on the scattering function made by de Gennes. C1 KYOTO UNIV, DEPT POLYMER CHEM, KYOTO 60601, JAPAN. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, DIV POLYMERS, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. RI Briber, Robert/A-3588-2012; Jinnai, Hiroshi/F-8456-2014 OI Briber, Robert/0000-0002-8358-5942; NR 26 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0024-9297 EI 1520-5835 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD JAN 4 PY 1993 VL 26 IS 1 BP 182 EP 188 DI 10.1021/ma00053a028 PG 7 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA KF726 UT WOS:A1993KF72600029 ER PT J AU ZHANG, H LYNN, JW AF ZHANG, H LYNN, JW TI NEW EXACT SOLUTION OF THE ONE-DIMENSIONAL SCHRODINGER-EQUATION AND ITS APPLICATION TO POLARIZED NEUTRON REFLECTOMETRY SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-FIELD PENETRATION; SUPERCONDUCTOR YBA2CU3O7-X; REFLECTION; DEPTH AB An analytic expression for the polarized neutron reflectivity R+/-(theta,lambda) from a superconductor with penetration depth lambda is derived as an exact solution of the 1D Schrodinger equation in the continuum limit. The down-spin solution R-(theta,lambda) reveals a surprising oscillatory dependence on lambda within a narrow angular range immediately above the total reflection angle, and in fact vanishes when lambda and H satisfy certain conditions. This exact solution is applicable to other scattering problems with a general exponential dependence in the potential. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV REACTOR RADIAT,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP ZHANG, H (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,CTR SUPERCONDUCTIV RES,DEPT PHYS,COLL PK,MD 20742, USA. NR 13 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD JAN 4 PY 1993 VL 70 IS 1 BP 77 EP 80 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.70.77 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA KE655 UT WOS:A1993KE65500020 ER PT J AU DIZDAROGLU, M AF DIZDAROGLU, M TI QUANTITATIVE-DETERMINATION OF OXIDATIVE BASE DAMAGE IN DNA BY STABLE ISOTOPE-DILUTION MASS-SPECTROMETRY SO FEBS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE FREE RADICAL; HYDROXYL RADICAL; ISOTOPE-LABELED ANALOG; MODIFIED BASE; OXIDATIVE DNA DAMAGE; RADIATION DAMAGE; SELECTED-ION MONITORING ID GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC-ACID; RADICAL CATIONS; PURINE-BASES; RADIATION; SUPEROXIDE; DERIVATIVES AB For understanding of the role of oxidative DNA damage in biological processes such as mutagenesis and carcinogenesis, it is essential to identify and quantify this type of DNA damage in cells. This can be achieved by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The present study describes the quantification of modified bases in DNA by isotope-dilution mass spectrometry with the use of stable isotope-labeled analogues as internal standards. A number of isotopically labeled DNA bases were synthesized. The mass spectra of their trimethylsilyl derivatives were recorded. Calibration plots were obtained for known quantities of modified bases and their isotope-labeled analogues. Quantification of various modified DNA bases by isotope-dilution mass spectrometry was demonstrated in isolated chromatin exposed to ionizing radiation. The results indicate that gas chromatography/stable isotope-dilution mass spectrometry is an ideally suited technique for selective and sensitive quantification of modified bases in DNA. RP DIZDAROGLU, M (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,CHEM SCI & TECHNOL LAB,BLDG 222-A353,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 29 TC 128 Z9 128 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-5793 J9 FEBS LETT JI FEBS Lett. PD JAN 2 PY 1993 VL 315 IS 1 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.1016/0014-5793(93)81120-O PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA KE781 UT WOS:A1993KE78100001 PM 8416801 ER PT J AU CHAUDHURI, DK SLIFKA, AJ SIEGWARTH, JD AF CHAUDHURI, DK SLIFKA, AJ SIEGWARTH, JD TI FRICTION AND OXIDATIVE WEAR OF 440C BALL-BEARING STEELS UNDER HIGH LOAD AND EXTREME BULK TEMPERATURES SO WEAR LA English DT Article AB Unlubricated sliding friction and wear of 440C steels in an oxygen environment have been studied under a variety of load, speed and temperature ranging from approximately -185 to 675-degrees-C. A specially designed test apparatus with a ball-on-flat geometry has been used for this purpose. The observed dependencies of the initial coefficient of friction, the average dynamic coefficient of friction, and the wear rate on load, speed, and test temperatures have been examined from the standpoint of existing theories of friction and wear. High contact temperatures are generated during the sliding friction causing rapid oxidation and localized surface melting. A combination of fatigue, delamination, and loss of hardness due to tempering of the martensitic structure is responsible for the high wear rate observed and the coefficient of friction. C1 TENNESSEE STATE UNIV,DEPT MECH ENGN,NASHVILLE,TN 37209. RP CHAUDHURI, DK (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. NR 30 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0043-1648 J9 WEAR JI Wear PD JAN 2 PY 1993 VL 160 IS 1 BP 37 EP 50 DI 10.1016/0043-1648(93)90404-A PG 14 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA KK146 UT WOS:A1993KK14600005 ER PT J AU OHNO, Y CROMER, CL HARDIS, JE EPPELDAUER, G AF OHNO, Y CROMER, CL HARDIS, JE EPPELDAUER, G GP ILLUMINATING ENGN SOC N AMER TI THE DETECTOR-BASED CANDELA SCALE AND RELATED NEW PHOTOMETRIC CALIBRATION PROCEDURES AT NIST SO 1993 IESNA ANNUAL CONFERENCE TECHNICAL PAPERS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1993 IESNA Annual Conference CY AUG 08-12, 1993 CL HOUSTON, TX SP ILLUMINATING ENGN SOC N AMER C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV RADIOMETR PHYS,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING SOC NORTH AMERICA PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2377 PY 1993 BP 393 EP 412 PG 20 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BA49Z UT WOS:A1993BA49Z00023 ER PT J AU LEIGH, GE WILSON, RJ AF LEIGH, GE WILSON, RJ GP CANADIAN INST GEOMAT TI ANCS11 - A DATABASE APPROACH TO AUTOMATING NAUTICAL CHARTING SO 1993 SURVEYING AND MAPPING CONFERENCE - CELEBRATING OUR HERITAGE, CHARTING OUR FUTURE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1993 Surveying and Mapping Conference on Celebrating Our Heritage - Charting Our Future CY JUN 08-11, 1993 CL TORONTO, CANADA C1 NOAA,DIV NAUT CHARTING,NATL OCEAN SERV,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CANADIAN HYDROGRAPHIC ASSOC PI OTTAWA PA PO BOX 5378, STN F, OTTAWA ON, CANADA PY 1993 BP 224 EP 224 PG 1 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Remote Sensing GA BC03A UT WOS:A1993BC03A00030 ER PT B AU SAUER, HH AF SAUER, HH GP UNIV CALGARY TI GOES OBSERVATIONS OF ENERGETIC PROTONS TO E-685 MEV - DESCRIPTION AND DATA COMPARISON SO 23RD INTERNATIONAL COSMIC RAY CONFERENCE, VOL 3: CONTRIBUTED PAPERS - SH SESSIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 23rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (XXIII ICRC) CY JUL 19-30, 1993 CL CALGARY, CANADA SP INT UNION PURE & APPL PHYS C1 NOAA,SPACE ENVIRONM LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CALGARY PR PI CALGARY PA 2500 UNIVERSITY DRIVE NW, CALGARY AB T2N 1N4, CANADA PY 1993 BP 250 EP 253 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology GA BC09G UT WOS:A1993BC09G00063 ER PT J AU SAUER, HH AF SAUER, HH GP UNIV CALGARY TI GOES OBSERVATIONS OF ENERGETIC PROTONS E685 MEV - GROUND-LEVEL EVENTS FROM OCTOBER 1983 TO JULY 1992 SO 23RD INTERNATIONAL COSMIC RAY CONFERENCE, VOL 3: CONTRIBUTED PAPERS - SH SESSIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 23rd International Cosmic Ray Conference (XXIII ICRC) CY JUL 19-30, 1993 CL CALGARY, CANADA SP INT UNION PURE & APPL PHYS C1 NOAA,SPACE ENVIRONM LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CALGARY PR PI CALGARY PA 2500 UNIVERSITY DRIVE NW, CALGARY AB T2N 1N4, CANADA PY 1993 BP 254 EP 257 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology GA BC09G UT WOS:A1993BC09G00064 ER PT B AU ZHANG, ZM HSIA, JJ DATLA, RU HANSSEN, LM AF ZHANG, ZM HSIA, JJ DATLA, RU HANSSEN, LM BE Bertie, JE Wieser, H TI RADIOMETRIC CHARACTERIZATION OF FT-IR SPECTROPHOTOMETERS SO 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FOURIER TRANSFORM SPECTROSCOPY SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Fourier Transform Spectroscopy CY AUG 23-27, 1993 CL CALGARY, CANADA SP COBLENTZ SOC, UNIV CALGARY, DEPT CHEM, SPECTROSCOPY SOC CANADA C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV RADIOMETR PHYS,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-1360-7 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1993 VL 2089 BP 226 EP 227 PG 2 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA BZ89P UT WOS:A1993BZ89P00076 ER PT J AU PRINCE, E AF PRINCE, E TI CONSTRUCTION OF MAXIMUM-ENTROPY DENSITY MAPS, AND THEIR USE IN PHASE DETERMINATION AND EXTENSION SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION D-BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON DIRECT METHODS OF PHASING IN MACROMOLECULAR CRYSTALLOGRAPHY CY APR 24-27, 1992 CL PANAMA CITY BEACH, FL SP INT UNION CRYSTALLOG, NASA, UNIV ALABAMA BIRMINGHAM, CTR MACROMOLEC CRYSTALLOG, SCHERING, SMITHKLINE BEECHAM PHARM, STERLING WINTHROP, DU PONT MERCK PHARM, UPJOHN ID ELECTRON-DENSITY; MAXIMIZATION AB Methods for constructing everywhere-positive electron-density maps with Fourier amplitudes matching those for arbitrarily large sets of observed data, utilizing dual-function methods for maximization of entropy, are described. Possible strategies for utilizing these maps for the determination and extension of phases in macromolecular structure determination are suggested, and problems are discussed. RP PRINCE, E (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,MAT SCI & ENGN LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 25 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0907-4449 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR D JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. D-Biol. Crystallogr. PD JAN 1 PY 1993 VL 49 BP 61 EP 65 DI 10.1107/S0907444992009740 PN 1 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Crystallography GA KY058 UT WOS:A1993KY05800008 PM 15299545 ER PT J AU ITO, O FULLER, ER AF ITO, O FULLER, ER TI COMPUTER MODELING OF ANISOTROPIC GRAIN MICROSTRUCTURE IN 2 DIMENSIONS SO ACTA METALLURGICA ET MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID SIMULATION; GROWTH AB Assuming an anisotropic factor for geometrical grain microstructure, known as the Voronoi or Johnson-Mehl model, several grain microstructures have been simulated in two dimensions employing nucleation seeds that are assumed to be elliptical and polygon like shapes. By varying the shape of these seeds, six different microstructures have been generated based on growth and impingement model in both simultaneous and continuous nucleation cases. In addition, morphology such as the aspect ratio distribution, grain size distribution and number of grain edges in each case have been analyzed and are correlated qualitatively. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, MAT SCI & ENGN LAB, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. RP ITO, O (reprint author), HITACHI LTD, HITACHI RES LAB, 3-1-1 SAIWAI CHO, HITACHI, IBARAKI 317, JAPAN. NR 10 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0956-7151 J9 ACTA METALL MATER JI Acta Metall. Mater. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 41 IS 1 BP 191 EP 198 DI 10.1016/0956-7151(93)90350-2 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA KC727 UT WOS:A1993KC72700017 ER PT J AU WU, W ORTS, WJ MAJKRAZAK, CF SATIJA, SK ANKNER, J AF WU, W ORTS, WJ MAJKRAZAK, CF SATIJA, SK ANKNER, J BE Boerio, FJ TI POLYMER SOLID INTERFACE - A NEUTRON REFLECTIVITY STUDY SO ADHESION SOCIETY PROCEEDINGS OF THE SIXTEENTH ANNUAL MEETING AND THE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON THE INTERPHASE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th Annual Meeting of the Adhesion-Society/International Symposium on the Interphase CY FEB 21-26, 1993 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VA SP ADHES SOC, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, NATL SCI FDN, USA, ARMY RES OFF, GORDON & BREACH SCI PUBL INC, LOCTITE CORP, DOW CHEM CO, ESSEX SPECIALTY CHEM CO, NATL STARCH & CHEM CO, ALLIED SIGNAL, S C JOHNSON WAX, FORD MOTOR CO, AIR PROD & CHEM CO, AMER VACUUM SOC, APPL SURFACE SCI DIV C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV POLYMERS,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ADHESION SOCIETY PI BALTIMORE PA MARTIN MARIETTA LABORATORIES 1450 S ROLLING RD, BALTIMORE, MD 21227 PY 1993 BP 12 EP 13 PG 2 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Materials Science, Composites; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Materials Science; Polymer Science GA BC38S UT WOS:A1993BC38S00004 ER PT J AU NGUYEN, T BYRD, E BENTZ, D AF NGUYEN, T BYRD, E BENTZ, D BE Boerio, FJ TI QUANTIFYING WATER AT THE ORGANIC FILM HYDROXYLATED SUBSTRATE INTERFACE SO ADHESION SOCIETY PROCEEDINGS OF THE SIXTEENTH ANNUAL MEETING AND THE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON THE INTERPHASE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th Annual Meeting of the Adhesion-Society/International Symposium on the Interphase CY FEB 21-26, 1993 CL WILLIAMSBURG, VA SP ADHES SOC, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, NATL SCI FDN, USA, ARMY RES OFF, GORDON & BREACH SCI PUBL INC, LOCTITE CORP, DOW CHEM CO, ESSEX SPECIALTY CHEM CO, NATL STARCH & CHEM CO, ALLIED SIGNAL, S C JOHNSON WAX, FORD MOTOR CO, AIR PROD & CHEM CO, AMER VACUUM SOC, APPL SURFACE SCI DIV C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ADHESION SOCIETY PI BALTIMORE PA MARTIN MARIETTA LABORATORIES 1450 S ROLLING RD, BALTIMORE, MD 21227 PY 1993 BP 449 EP 451 PG 3 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Materials Science, Composites; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Materials Science; Polymer Science GA BC38S UT WOS:A1993BC38S00142 ER PT J AU HUANG, Y HUNSTON, DL KINLOCH, AJ RIEW, CK AF HUANG, Y HUNSTON, DL KINLOCH, AJ RIEW, CK TI MECHANISMS OF TOUGHENING THERMOSET RESINS SO ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY SERIES LA English DT Review ID ELASTOMER-MODIFIED EPOXIES; MODE ADHESIVE FRACTURE; BEHAVIOR; DEFORMATION; POLYMERS; CRITERIA; FAILURE AB A toughened thermoset generally contain elastic or thermoplastic domains dispersed in discrete form throughout the matrix resin to increase the resistance to crack-growth initiation. Fracture behavior is governed by characteristics of viscoelasticity, shear yielding, and dilatational deformation involving cavitation. In recent years, concepts of theoretical developments of failure mechanisms based on fracture mechanics have been advanced, although controversy over details still exists. The aim of this chapter is to review in detail some of the recent developments in toughening mechanisms and the relationships between microstructure and fracture behavior as illustrated by rubber-toughened epoxy resins. This review considers the behavior of bulk resin, adhesive joints, and matrices of composites. Recent modeling efforts for toughening mechanisms that give a quantitative description of the microstructure-fracture property relationships are also reviewed. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV POLYMER,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. BF GOODRICH CO,DIV CORP RES,BRECKSVILLE,OH 44141. UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED,DEPT MECH ENGN,LONDON SW7 2BX,ENGLAND. RI Kinloch, Anthony/F-6042-2011 OI Kinloch, Anthony/0000-0002-8752-7184 NR 77 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 23 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-2393 J9 ADV CHEM SER JI Adv. Chem. Ser. PY 1993 IS 233 BP 1 EP 35 PG 35 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA LJ634 UT WOS:A1993LJ63400002 ER PT J AU PARRISH, DD BUHR, MP AF PARRISH, DD BUHR, MP TI MEASUREMENT CHALLENGES OF NITROGEN SPECIES IN THE ATMOSPHERE SO ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY SERIES LA English DT Review ID DIFFERENTIAL OPTICAL-ABSORPTION; TOTAL REACTIVE NITROGEN; SIMULTANEOUS INSITU MEASUREMENTS; WINTER POLAR STRATOSPHERES; DIODE-LASER SPECTROMETER; NOX-AIR PHOTOOXIDATIONS; ALKYL NITRATE FORMATION; GASEOUS NITRIC-ACID; ORGANIC NITRATES; UNITED-STATES AB Understanding the chemistry and physics of atmospheric nitrogen species presents several challenges for analytical chemists; these challenges are discussed in the context of an overview of measurement techniques and recent results from field studies. In the troposphere, reliable in situ techniques to measure HNO3, organic nitrates, NO3, N2O5, and HONO are required, and fast response (1 to 10 Hz) techniques are needed to measure the surface fluxes of N2O, NH3, NO2, and HNO3 by micrometeorological techniques. In the stratosphere, fast response (about 1 Hz) instruments are required for in situ measurements of NO2, N2O5, HNO3, ClONO2, and HO2NO2 from aircraft. In the troposphere and stratosphere, instruments to characterize aerosols must be developed. These instruments must, be integrated into packages for surface and aircraft studies that simultaneously measure a wide range of atmospheric species, and these packages must be deployed in field studies to elucidate atmospheric processes and to define the spatial and temporal distributions of the atmospheric nitrogen species. C1 UNIV COLORADO,NOAA,COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP PARRISH, DD (reprint author), NOAA,AERON LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. RI Parrish, David/E-8957-2010 OI Parrish, David/0000-0001-6312-2724 NR 89 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-2393 J9 ADV CHEM SER JI Adv. Chem. Ser. PY 1993 IS 232 BP 243 EP 273 PG 31 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA KJ222 UT WOS:A1993KJ22200009 ER PT J AU HUNSTON, DL RIEW, CK AF HUNSTON, DL RIEW, CK TI A TRIBUTE TO BASCOM,WILLIAM,D.,BILL 1931-1991 SO ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY SERIES LA English DT Item About an Individual C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV POLYMERS,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. UNIV AKRON,COLL ENGN,DEPT CHEM ENGN,AKRON,OH 44325. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-2393 J9 ADV CHEM SER JI Adv. Chem. Ser. PY 1993 IS 233 BP R13 EP R13 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA LJ634 UT WOS:A1993LJ63400001 ER PT B AU BOGGS, PT TOLLE, JW KEARSLEY, AJ AF BOGGS, PT TOLLE, JW KEARSLEY, AJ BE Gomez, S Hennart, JP TI A TRUNCATED SQP ALGORITHM FOR LARGE-SCALE NONLINEAR-PROGRAMMING PROBLEMS SO ADVANCES IN OPTIMIZATION AND NUMERICAL ANALYSIS SE MATHEMATICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Workshop on Optimization and Numerical Analysis CY JAN, 1992 CL OAXACA, MEXICO SP NATL UNIV MEXICO, INST RES APPL MATH, NUMERICAL ANALYS DEPT, RICE UNIV, MATH SCI DEPT C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV APPL & COMPUTAT MATH,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 0-7923-2673-3 J9 MATH APPL PY 1993 VL 275 BP 69 EP 77 PG 9 WC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics, Applied SC Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA BA96W UT WOS:A1993BA96W00005 ER PT J AU HAMMOUDA, B AF HAMMOUDA, B TI SANS FROM HOMOGENEOUS POLYMER MIXTURES - A UNIFIED OVERVIEW SO ADVANCES IN POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Review ID ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING; POLYVINYL METHYL-ETHER); CONCENTRATION FLUCTUATION; DEUTERATED POLYSTYRENE; HOMOPOLYMER MIXTURES; STIFF POLYMERS; BLENDS; DYNAMICS; SYSTEMS; PHASE AB An overview of various modeling methods used to understand small angle neutron scattering (SANS) data from homogeneous polymer systems is presented. First, calculations of single macromolecule structure factors are reviewed for many chain architectures and monomer block configurations such as linear, ring, star branched, comb grafted chains and regular ''starburst'' dendrimers either in the homopolymer or copolymer forms. Then, the different methods used to model ''concentration'' effects in polymer solutions (dilute, semidilute, concentrated), polymer melts and blend mixtures are summarized on the basis of the random phase approximation. Polymer chain stiffness is also included in the formalism so that mixtures of liquid crystals and flexible polymers in the single-phase region can be described. Specific examples are included along with various SANS data that were analyzed within this framework. This overview is meant to be a guide to help build up models in order to understand SANS data from many homogeneous polymer systems. It is not meant to be complete and is not an exhaustive review of the literature in the field. Most of the results discussed have been previously published and are brought together here in a unified self-contained approach. RP HAMMOUDA, B (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,MAT SCI & ENGN LAB,BLDG 235,ROOM E151,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 46 TC 76 Z9 76 U1 6 U2 36 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0065-3195 J9 ADV POLYM SCI JI Adv. Polym. Sci. PY 1993 VL 106 BP 87 EP 133 PG 47 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA KZ562 UT WOS:A1993KZ56200003 ER PT S AU MCLEAN, CR AF MCLEAN, CR BE Pappas, IA Tatsiopoulos, IP TI COMPUTER-AIDED MANUFACTURING SYSTEM ENGINEERING SO ADVANCES IN PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS SE IFIP TRANSACTIONS B-APPLICATIONS IN TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON ADVANCES IN PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS ( APMS 93 ) CY SEP 28-30, 1993 CL ATHENS, GREECE SP INT FEDERAT INFORMAT PROC, TECH COMM COMP, APPLICAT TECHNOL DE COMPUTER APPLICATIONS, COMPUTER-AIDED ENGINEERING; SIMULATION AND MODELING, APPLICATIONS; SOFTWARE ENGINEERING, TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES RP MCLEAN, CR (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,MFG ENGN LAB,DIV FACTORY AUTOMAT SYST,GAITHERSBURG,MD, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBL B V PI AMSTERDAM PA AMSTERDAM SN 0926-5481 BN 0-444-81598-8 J9 IFIP TRANS B PY 1993 VL 13 BP 341 EP 348 PG 8 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA BZ05X UT WOS:A1993BZ05X00040 ER PT B AU CRANMER, DC AF CRANMER, DC BE Basu, AP TI LIFETIME AND RELIABILITY PREDICTIONS OF ADVANCED CERAMICS BASED ON CREEP AND FRACTURE MECHANISMS SO ADVANCES IN RELIABILITY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Research Conference on Reliability CY JUN 19-22, 1991 CL UNIV MISSOURI COLUMBIA, COLUMBIA, MO SP A B CHANCE CO, DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORP, NATL SCI FDN, UNIV MISSOURI COLUMBIA HO UNIV MISSOURI COLUMBIA C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV CERAM,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBL B V PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-444-89645-7 PY 1993 BP 59 EP 73 PG 15 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA BA54R UT WOS:A1993BA54R00005 ER PT J AU DELWORTH, T MANABE, S AF DELWORTH, T MANABE, S TI CLIMATE VARIABILITY AND LAND-SURFACE PROCESSES SO ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE CLIMATE MODEL; ATMOSPHERIC VARIABILITY; SOIL MOISTURE (INFLUENCE OF SOIL MOISTURE ON ATMOSPHERIC VARIABILITY); ATMOSPHERE; POTENTIAL EVAPORATION; LAND SURFACE AB The coupled ocean-atmosphere-land climate system is characterized by substantial amounts of variability on a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. This natural variability of climate increases the difficulty of detecting climate change attributable to increasing greenhouse gas concentrations. A key issue in climate research is obtaining a better description of this variability and the physical mechanisms responsible for it. One of the important physical processes contributing to this variability is the interaction between the land surface and the atmosphere. Through its effect on the surface energy flux components, the land surface can exert a pronounced effect on the variability of the atmosphere. The potential importance of such interactions for climate variability is examined through the use of numerical modeling studies. The physical mechanisms governing the time scales of soil moisture variability in the model are outlined, and observational evidence is presented supporting this analysis. In addition, it is shown that interactions between soil wetness and the atmosphere can both increase the total variability of the atmosphere and lengthen the time scales of near-surface atmospheric fluctuations. RP DELWORTH, T (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,NOAA,GFDL,POB 308,PRINCETON,NJ 08542, USA. RI Delworth, Thomas/C-5191-2014 NR 0 TC 69 Z9 69 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0309-1708 J9 ADV WATER RESOUR JI Adv. Water Resour. PY 1993 VL 16 IS 1 BP 3 EP 20 DI 10.1016/0309-1708(93)90026-C PG 18 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA LN922 UT WOS:A1993LN92200002 ER PT S AU PELLA, PA KELLY, WR MURPHY, KE STEEL, EB SCHILLER, SB AF PELLA, PA KELLY, WR MURPHY, KE STEEL, EB SCHILLER, SB BE Gilfrich, JV Huang, TC Hubbard, CR James, MR Jenkins, R Lachance, GR Smith, DK Predecki, PK TI NIST-SRM-2708, ZINC-SULFIDE THIN-FILM ON POLYCARBONATE FOR X-RAY-FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETRY SO ADVANCES IN X-RAY ANALYSIS, VOL 36 SE ADVANCES IN X-RAY ANALYSIS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 41st Annual Conference on Applications of X-Ray Analysis CY AUG 03-07, 1992 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, CO SP UNIV DENVER, DEPT ENGN, INT CTR DIFFRACT DATA C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0069-8490 BN 0-306-44571-9 J9 ADV X RAY ANAL PY 1993 VL 36 BP 273 EP 278 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA BZ73V UT WOS:A1993BZ73V00032 ER PT S AU BALZAR, D LEDBETTER, H AF BALZAR, D LEDBETTER, H BE Gilfrich, JV Huang, TC Hubbard, CR James, MR Jenkins, R Lachance, GR Smith, DK Predecki, PK TI RESIDUAL-STRESSES IN ALUMINUM-MULLITE (ALPHA-ALUMINA) COMPOSITES SO ADVANCES IN X-RAY ANALYSIS, VOL 36 SE ADVANCES IN X-RAY ANALYSIS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 41st Annual Conference on Applications of X-Ray Analysis CY AUG 03-07, 1992 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, CO SP UNIV DENVER, DEPT ENGN, INT CTR DIFFRACT DATA C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,MAT SCI & ENGN LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0069-8490 BN 0-306-44571-9 J9 ADV X RAY ANAL PY 1993 VL 36 BP 489 EP 497 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Spectroscopy SC Materials Science; Spectroscopy GA BZ73V UT WOS:A1993BZ73V00055 ER PT J AU SELIM, MS ALNAAFA, MA JONES, MC AF SELIM, MS ALNAAFA, MA JONES, MC TI BROWNIAN DIFFUSION OF HARD-SPHERES AT FINITE-CONCENTRATIONS SO AICHE JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID DYNAMIC LIGHT-SCATTERING; MUTUAL DIFFUSION; HYDRODYNAMIC INTERACTION; PARTICLES; COEFFICIENTS; SUSPENSION; SEDIMENTATION; SPECTROSCOPY; MOTION AB We investigated the effect of concentration on the Brownian diffusion of uncharged rigid spheres. Monosize silica spheres were prepared according to the method of Stober (1968). The particles were sterically stabilized by chemisorption of stearic alcohol at their surface by the method developed by van Helden (1981). Particle radius was 14.5 nm from electron micrographs of the coated particles. Osmotic pressure measurements of the sterically stabilized particles dispersed in cyclohexane showed that the particles behaved as hard spheres. The measurements agreed well with predictions from the Carnahan-Starling equation over the concentration range 0.0458 < phi < 0.37 where phi is the volume fraction of the particles in the suspension. Viscosity measurements of silica dispersions were made over the concentration range 0 < phi < 0.25. The relative viscosity over the range 0 < phi < 0.2 was fitted by eta(r) = 1 + 2.4phi + 7.1phi2. The coefficients 2.4 and 7.1 in this equation are in good agreement with the theoretical values of 2.5 and 6.2 obtained by Einstein (1906) and Batchelor (1977), respectively. The Brownian diffusion coefficient of the particles dispersed in cyclohexane was measured over the concentration range 0.0055 < phi < 0.248 using Taylor's hydrodynamic stability method. A laser fiber-optic system was used to measure the transient concentration profile along the capillary as indicated by a fluorescent dye. This technique offers the advantage of being direct and nonintrusive. The experimental diffusivity data were found to be well described by the generalized Stokes-Einstein equation (Batchelor, 1976) over the entire concentration range studied. C1 NBS,DIV CHEM ENGN,BOULDER,CO 80303. RP SELIM, MS (reprint author), COLORADO SCH MINES,DEPT CHEM ENGN & PETR REFINING,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 61 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST CHEMICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0001-1541 J9 AICHE J JI AICHE J. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 39 IS 1 BP 3 EP 16 DI 10.1002/aic.690390103 PG 14 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA KG284 UT WOS:A1993KG28400002 ER PT J AU RUMBLE, J AF RUMBLE, J TI THE STANDARD REFERENCE DATABASE SO AMERICAN LABORATORY LA English DT Article RP RUMBLE, J (reprint author), NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT SCIENTIFIC COMMUN INC PI SHELTON PA PO BOX 870, 30 CONTROLS DRIVE, SHELTON, CT 06484-0870 SN 0044-7749 J9 AM LAB JI Am. Lab. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 25 IS 1 BP 52 EP 52 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA KH219 UT WOS:A1993KH21900012 ER PT B AU ARMSTRONG, RL CHANG, A RANGO, A JOSBERGER, E AF ARMSTRONG, RL CHANG, A RANGO, A JOSBERGER, E BE Steffen, K TI SNOW DEPTHS AND GRAIN-SIZE RELATIONSHIPS WITH RELEVANCE FOR PASSIVE MICROWAVE STUDIES SO ANNALS OF GLACIOLOGY, VOL 17 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1992 International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Snow and Ice CY MAY 17-22, 1992 CL UNIV COLORADO BOULDER, BOULDER, CO SP INT GLACIOL SOC, UNIV COLORADO BOULDER, AMER SOC PHOTOGRAMMETRY & REMOTE SENSING, AMER GEOPHYS UNION, INT ASSOC PHYS SCI OCEAN, INT ASSOC HYDROL SCI, INT COMMISS SNOW & ICE, INT ASSOC HYDROL SCI, INT COMM REMOTE SENSING & DATA TRANSMISS HO UNIV COLORADO BOULDER C1 UNIV COLORADO,NOAA,COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI,NSIDC,BOULDER,CO 80309. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT GLACIOLOGICAL SOC PI CAMBRIDGE PA LENSFIELD RD, CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND CB2 1ER BN 0-946417-09-1 PY 1993 BP 171 EP 176 PG 6 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography; Optics; Water Resources SC Geology; Oceanography; Optics; Water Resources GA BZ49K UT WOS:A1993BZ49K00026 ER PT B AU KEY, J STONE, R MASLANIK, J AF KEY, J STONE, R MASLANIK, J BE Steffen, K TI THE DETECTABILITY OF SEA-ICE LEADS IN SATELLITE DATA AS A FUNCTION OF ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS AND MEASUREMENT SCALE SO ANNALS OF GLACIOLOGY, VOL 17 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1992 International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Snow and Ice CY MAY 17-22, 1992 CL UNIV COLORADO BOULDER, BOULDER, CO SP INT GLACIOL SOC, UNIV COLORADO BOULDER, AMER SOC PHOTOGRAMMETRY & REMOTE SENSING, AMER GEOPHYS UNION, INT ASSOC PHYS SCI OCEAN, INT ASSOC HYDROL SCI, INT COMMISS SNOW & ICE, INT ASSOC HYDROL SCI, INT COMM REMOTE SENSING & DATA TRANSMISS HO UNIV COLORADO BOULDER C1 UNIV COLORADO,NOAA,COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI,DIV CRYOSPHER & POLAR PROC,BOULDER,CO 80309. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT GLACIOLOGICAL SOC PI CAMBRIDGE PA LENSFIELD RD, CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND CB2 1ER BN 0-946417-09-1 PY 1993 BP 227 EP 232 PG 6 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography; Optics; Water Resources SC Geology; Oceanography; Optics; Water Resources GA BZ49K UT WOS:A1993BZ49K00035 ER PT B AU SERREZE, MC MASLANIK, JA SCHARFEN, GR BARRY, RG ROBINSON, DA AF SERREZE, MC MASLANIK, JA SCHARFEN, GR BARRY, RG ROBINSON, DA BE Steffen, K TI INTERANNUAL VARIATIONS IN SNOW MELT OVER ARCTIC SEA-ICE AND RELATIONSHIPS TO ATMOSPHERIC FORCINGS SO ANNALS OF GLACIOLOGY, VOL 17 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1992 International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Snow and Ice CY MAY 17-22, 1992 CL UNIV COLORADO BOULDER, BOULDER, CO SP INT GLACIOL SOC, UNIV COLORADO BOULDER, AMER SOC PHOTOGRAMMETRY & REMOTE SENSING, AMER GEOPHYS UNION, INT ASSOC PHYS SCI OCEAN, INT ASSOC HYDROL SCI, INT COMMISS SNOW & ICE, INT ASSOC HYDROL SCI, INT COMM REMOTE SENSING & DATA TRANSMISS HO UNIV COLORADO BOULDER C1 UNIV COLORADO,NOAA,COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI,DIV CRYOSPHER & POLAR PROC,BOULDER,CO 80309. OI Barry, Roger/0000-0001-9239-0859 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT GLACIOLOGICAL SOC PI CAMBRIDGE PA LENSFIELD RD, CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND CB2 1ER BN 0-946417-09-1 PY 1993 BP 327 EP 331 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography; Optics; Water Resources SC Geology; Oceanography; Optics; Water Resources GA BZ49K UT WOS:A1993BZ49K00052 ER PT B AU MASLANIK, J KEY, J AF MASLANIK, J KEY, J BE Steffen, K TI COMPARISON AND INTEGRATION OF ICE-PACK TEMPERATURES DERIVED FROM AVHRR AND PASSIVE MICROWAVE IMAGERY SO ANNALS OF GLACIOLOGY, VOL 17 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1992 International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Snow and Ice CY MAY 17-22, 1992 CL UNIV COLORADO BOULDER, BOULDER, CO SP INT GLACIOL SOC, UNIV COLORADO BOULDER, AMER SOC PHOTOGRAMMETRY & REMOTE SENSING, AMER GEOPHYS UNION, INT ASSOC PHYS SCI OCEAN, INT ASSOC HYDROL SCI, INT COMMISS SNOW & ICE, INT ASSOC HYDROL SCI, INT COMM REMOTE SENSING & DATA TRANSMISS HO UNIV COLORADO BOULDER C1 UNIV COLORADO,NOAA,COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI,DIV CRYOSPHER & POLAR PROC,BOULDER,CO 80309. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT GLACIOLOGICAL SOC PI CAMBRIDGE PA LENSFIELD RD, CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND CB2 1ER BN 0-946417-09-1 PY 1993 BP 372 EP 378 PG 7 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography; Optics; Water Resources SC Geology; Oceanography; Optics; Water Resources GA BZ49K UT WOS:A1993BZ49K00059 ER PT B AU BALDWIN, DG EMERY, WJ AF BALDWIN, DG EMERY, WJ BE Steffen, K TI A SYSTEMATIZED APPROACH TO AVHRR IMAGE NAVIGATION SO ANNALS OF GLACIOLOGY, VOL 17 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1992 International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Snow and Ice CY MAY 17-22, 1992 CL UNIV COLORADO BOULDER, BOULDER, CO SP INT GLACIOL SOC, UNIV COLORADO BOULDER, AMER SOC PHOTOGRAMMETRY & REMOTE SENSING, AMER GEOPHYS UNION, INT ASSOC PHYS SCI OCEAN, INT ASSOC HYDROL SCI, INT COMMISS SNOW & ICE, INT ASSOC HYDROL SCI, INT COMM REMOTE SENSING & DATA TRANSMISS HO UNIV COLORADO BOULDER C1 UNIV COLORADO,NOAA,COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI,BOULDER,CO 80309. OI Emery, William/0000-0002-7598-9082 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT GLACIOLOGICAL SOC PI CAMBRIDGE PA LENSFIELD RD, CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND CB2 1ER BN 0-946417-09-1 PY 1993 BP 414 EP 420 PG 7 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography; Optics; Water Resources SC Geology; Oceanography; Optics; Water Resources GA BZ49K UT WOS:A1993BZ49K00065 ER PT B AU WILSON, CL AF WILSON, CL BE Rogers, SK TI STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS OF INFORMATION-CONTENT FOR TRAINING PATTERN-RECOGNITION NETWORKS SO APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS IV SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Applications of Artificial Neural Networks CY APR 13-16, 1993 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SOC PHOTO OPT INSTRUMENTAT ENGINEERS C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-1201-5 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1993 VL 1965 BP 621 EP 632 DI 10.1117/12.152563 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Optics GA BZ45G UT WOS:A1993BZ45G00057 ER PT J AU MARX, E LERIDON, B LETTIERI, TR SONG, JF VORBURGER, TV AF MARX, E LERIDON, B LETTIERI, TR SONG, JF VORBURGER, TV TI AUTOCORRELATION FUNCTIONS FROM OPTICAL-SCATTERING FOR ONE-DIMENSIONALLY ROUGH SURFACES SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article DE ANGLE-RESOLVED SCATTERING; AUTOCORRELATION FUNCTION; LIGHT SCATTERING; SURFACE FINISH; SURFACE ROUGHNESS ID LIGHT AB The relationship between the height autocorrelation function of a one-dimensionally rough surface and the Fourier transform of the intensity distribution of the light scattered by that surface is tested experimentally. The theory is derived by using the Fraunhofer approximation, without recourse to the inconsistent Kirchhoff boundary conditions. In spite of the limitations imposed by the approximations used, the results obtained from optical data agree well with those obtained from stylus data, even for an autocorrelation length as small as the optical wavelength. However, this method should be limited to surfaces with rms roughness smaller than approximately 0.14 times the wavelength of light. RP MARX, E (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. NR 22 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD JAN 1 PY 1993 VL 32 IS 1 BP 67 EP 76 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA KG977 UT WOS:A1993KG97700009 PM 20802663 ER PT J AU DESROSIERS, MF AF DESROSIERS, MF TI EPR BONE DOSIMETRY - A NEW APPROACH TO SPECTRAL DECONVOLUTION PROBLEMS SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3RD INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON ESR ( ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE ) DOSIMETRY AND APPLICATIONS CY OCT 14-18, 1991 CL NIST, GAITHERSBURG, MD SP US DEPT COMMERCE, US DEF NUCL AGCY, US DOE HO NIST DE ACCIDENT; BONE; DOSIMETRY; EPR; HYDROXYAPATITE; RADIATION ID RADIATION AB EPR dosimetry Was Used to assess the dose to bone samples from radiation accident victims. Complications in the measurement process arose from overlapping resonances of multiple paramagnetic centers. A Computer fitting routine was developed to enhance measurement of the EPR signal of interest, thereby improving the precision of the dose assessment. RP DESROSIERS, MF (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV IONIZING RADIAT,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 3 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 44 IS 1-2 BP 81 EP 83 DI 10.1016/0969-8043(93)90200-T PG 3 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA KP625 UT WOS:A1993KP62500015 PM 8386055 ER PT J AU DESROSIERS, MF PUHL, JM MCLAUGHLIN, WL AF DESROSIERS, MF PUHL, JM MCLAUGHLIN, WL TI A NEW EPR DOSIMETER BASED ON POLYVINYLALCOHOL SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3RD INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON ESR ( ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE ) DOSIMETRY AND APPLICATIONS CY OCT 14-18, 1991 CL NIST, GAITHERSBURG, MD SP US DEPT COMMERCE, US DEF NUCL AGCY, US DOE HO NIST DE DOSIMETRY; EPR; GAMMA-RAYS; POLYVINYL ALCOHOL; RADIATION AB A new dosimetry system based on the EPR response of polyvinyl alcohol is presented. The dose response was measured from 10-10(5) Gy and the persistence of the signal was monitored over a period of 14 days. RP DESROSIERS, MF (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV IONIZING RADIAT,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 44 IS 1-2 BP 325 EP 326 DI 10.1016/0969-8043(93)90240-B PG 2 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA KP625 UT WOS:A1993KP62500055 ER PT J AU MOREHOUSE, KM DESROSIERS, MF AF MOREHOUSE, KM DESROSIERS, MF TI ELECTRON-SPIN-RESONANCE INVESTIGATIONS OF GAMMA-IRRADIATED SHRIMP SHELL SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3RD INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON ESR ( ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE ) DOSIMETRY AND APPLICATIONS CY OCT 14-18, 1991 CL NIST, GAITHERSBURG, MD SP US DEPT COMMERCE, US DEF NUCL AGCY, US DOE HO NIST DE ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE; ESR; GAMMA-IRRADIATION; SHRIMP SHELL; FREE RADICALS; SHRIMP ID FOOD AB Gamma-irradiation of shrimp shell induces the formation of stable free radicals, which can be monitored by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. The ESR spectrum of the free radicals is more complex than was originally reported, and was found to be species-dependent. The results presented include the effects of the following parameters on the ESR spectrum: different types of pre- and post-irradiation processing, absorbed dose, storage time, and species variations. The effects of these parameters on the ESR spectra are used to explain discrepancies between previously reported spectra for irradiated shrimp shell. Finally, the possible application of ESR spectroscopy as a tool for post-irradiation monitoring of shrimp is assessed. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,TECHNOL ADM DEPT COMMERCE,DIV IONIZING RADIAT,PHYS LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP MOREHOUSE, KM (reprint author), US FDA,DIV FOOD CHEM & TECHNOL,WASHINGTON,DC 20204, USA. NR 11 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 44 IS 1-2 BP 429 EP 432 DI 10.1016/0969-8043(93)90261-8 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA KP625 UT WOS:A1993KP62500076 PM 8386049 ER PT J AU DESROSIERS, MF LE, FG AF DESROSIERS, MF LE, FG TI ESTIMATION OF THE ABSORBED DOSE IN RADIATION-PROCESSES FOOD .3. THE EFFECT OF TIME OF EVALUATION ON THE ACCURACY OF THE ESTIMATE SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3RD INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON ESR ( ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE ) DOSIMETRY AND APPLICATIONS CY OCT 14-18, 1991 CL NIST, GAITHERSBURG, MD SP US DEPT COMMERCE, US DEF NUCL AGCY, US DOE HO NIST DE BONE; EPR; DOSIMETRY; CHICKEN; RADIATION ID ELECTRON-SPIN-RESONANCE; EPR RESPONSE FUNCTION; IRRADIATED FRUITS; IDENTIFICATION; SPECTROSCOPY AB Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrometry is evaluated as a method to retrospectively assess the absorbed dose to radiation-processed chicken (containing bone). Decay of the hydroxyapatite paramagnetic center EPR signal intensity was monitored at three different dose levels (0.5, 3.0, 7.0 kGy) up to 20 days, and the dose was assessed for each level at 1, 8, and 20 days after irradiation. It was determined that the time of evaluation (up to 20 days post-irradiation) did not adversely affect the estimate for 0.5 and 3.0 kGy bone, and only moderately affected the 7.0 kGy estimates. RP DESROSIERS, MF (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,TECHNOL ADM DEPT COMMERCE,DIV IONIZING RADIAT,PHYS LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 14 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 44 IS 1-2 BP 439 EP 442 DI 10.1016/0969-8043(93)90263-A PG 4 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA KP625 UT WOS:A1993KP62500078 PM 8386051 ER PT J AU DESROSIERS, MF AVILA, MJ SCHAUER, DA COURSEY, BM PARKS, NJ AF DESROSIERS, MF AVILA, MJ SCHAUER, DA COURSEY, BM PARKS, NJ TI EXPERIMENTAL VALIDATION OF RADIOPHARMACEUTICAL ABSORBED DOSE TO MINERALIZED BONE TISSUE SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3RD INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON ESR ( ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE ) DOSIMETRY AND APPLICATIONS CY OCT 14-18, 1991 CL NIST, GAITHERSBURG, MD SP US DEPT COMMERCE, US DEF NUCL AGCY, US DOE HO NIST DE BONE; CANCER; DOSIMETRY; MARROW; PHARMACEUTICAL; RADIONUCLIDE ID RADIATION AB Therapeutic and palliative uses of bone-seeking radiopharmaceuticals are undergoing clinical trials for human subjects. Radiation dosimetry for these applications is based on the Medical Internal Radiation Dosimetry (MIRD) schema. An experimental method for dosimetry of bone tissue based on electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrometry is described. Preliminary results for beagle bone exposed to radiopharmaceuticals under clinical conditions have indicated that the EPR dose measurements give approximately the calculated dose, but suggest that the dose distribution may be non-uniform. C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS,ENERGY RELATED HLTH RES LAB,DAVIS,CA 95616. RP DESROSIERS, MF (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,TECHNOL ADM,DEPT COMMERCE,DIV IONIZING RADIAT,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 13 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 44 IS 1-2 BP 459 EP 463 DI 10.1016/0969-8043(93)90267-E PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA KP625 UT WOS:A1993KP62500082 PM 8386053 ER PT J AU MCLAUGHLIN, WL SKINNER, AF DESROSIERS, MF AF MCLAUGHLIN, WL SKINNER, AF DESROSIERS, MF TI ESR DOSIMETRY AND APPLICATIONS - PROCEEDINGS OF THE 3RD INTERNATIONAL-SYMPOSIUM - 14-18 OCTOBER 1991 - GAITHERSBURG, MD - PREFACE SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 WILLIAMS COLL,WILLIAMSTOWN,MA 01267. RP MCLAUGHLIN, WL (reprint author), NIST,BETHESDA,MD, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 44 IS 1-2 BP R9 EP R10 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA KP625 UT WOS:A1993KP62500001 ER PT J AU MANDEL, J AF MANDEL, J TI THE ANALYSIS OF 2-WAY TABLES WITH MISSING VALUES SO APPLIED STATISTICS-JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL STATISTICAL SOCIETY SERIES C LA English DT Article DE EQUATION OF STATE; MISSING VALUES; ROW LINEAR MODEL; 2-WAY TABLES; VANDERWAALS EQUATION AB A method is given for calculating missing values in a two-way table that conforms to a row linear model. Verification of conformance to the model and analysis of the data are explained with an example of real data. RP MANDEL, J (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBL LTD PI OXFORD PA 108 COWLEY RD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX4 1JF SN 0035-9254 J9 APPL STAT-J ROY ST C JI Appl. Stat.-J. R. Stat. Soc. PY 1993 VL 42 IS 1 BP 85 EP 93 DI 10.2307/2347411 PG 9 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA KJ085 UT WOS:A1993KJ08500007 ER PT J AU HONG, BS MASON, TO CHIANG, CK FREIMAN, SW HWANG, NM AF HONG, BS MASON, TO CHIANG, CK FREIMAN, SW HWANG, NM TI BULK PROCESSING OF THE (BI,PB)2SR2CA2CU3O(Y) SUPERCONDUCTING OXIDE BY ORTHOGONAL ARRAY SO APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT WORKSHOP ON BULK PROCESSING AND CRITICAL CURRENT DENSITY OF HIGH T(C) SUPERCONDUCTORS CY APR 09-10, 1992 CL ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL HO ARGONNE NATL LAB ID CA-CU-O; HIGH-TC PHASE; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; BI; SYSTEM AB Processing of the Bi-2223 phase in the Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O system was investigated using the L18 orthogonal array, which made it possible to deal with seven independent processing variables simultaneously and to reduce the required number of experiments. The seven variables included five in composition and two in post heat treatment conditions-temperature and annealing times. T(c) tended to increase with increasing Sr and decreasing Bi contents within the composition range of the samples prepared in the experiment. The samples which showed almost single 110 K phase by X-ray diffraction were revealed to contain a considerable amount of amorphous phase. The liquid phase, which is known to enhance the formation of the 110 K phase, can reduce contact areas between grains of the Bi-2223 phase, thereby suppressing T(c). C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV CERAM,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. KOREA RES INST STAND & SCI,TAEJON,SOUTH KOREA. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,SCI & TECHNOL CTR SUPERCONDUCT,EVANSTON,IL 60208. RP HONG, BS (reprint author), NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,EVANSTON,IL 60208, USA. RI Mason, Thomas/B-7528-2009 NR 16 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0964-1807 J9 APPL SUPERCOND JI Appl. Supercond. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 1 IS 1-2 BP 109 EP 119 DI 10.1016/0964-1807(93)90387-H PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA JV196 UT WOS:A1993JV19600015 ER PT J AU SEMANCIK, S CAVICCHI, RE AF SEMANCIK, S CAVICCHI, RE TI THE USE OF SURFACE AND THIN-FILM SCIENCE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ADVANCED GAS SENSORS SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SESSION ON THE APPLICATIONS OF SURFACE SCIENCE AND ELECTRONIC MATERIALS, AT THE 12TH INTERNATIONAL VACUUM CONGRESS ( IVC-12 ) CY OCT 12-16, 1992 CL THE HAGUE, NETHERLANDS SP INT UNION VACUUM SCI TECH & APPLICAT ID TIN OXIDE; SNO2; CO; CONDUCTIVITY; CONDUCTANCE; ZNO AB This paper illustrates how surface science and thin-film science are used together in the design and fabrication of advanced sensor components based on gas-induced variations in electronic properties. Surface spectroscopies are combined with electrical measurements to examine the near-surface region of materials where local chemisorption events can be transduced into measurable collective responses. Efforts to construct faster, more reliable gas sensors rely upon model studies (on crystalline materials) which attempt to isolate adsorption/desorption, dissociation, diffusion and Schottky barrier modulation phenomena. Guided by such results, microstructure-controlled films and selectivity-enhancing adlayers are deposited and the composites are evaluated for performance characteristics and stability under various operating conditions. In our research approach, analytical, deposition and modification instrumentation are combined in a single, controlled-vacuum (UHV-based) enclosure to efficiently study sensor materials and mechanisms. The impact that high-resolution, probe-tip techniques and micromachining are expected to make toward future generations of gas sensors is also discussed. RP SEMANCIK, S (reprint author), NIST,CHEM SCI & TECHNOL LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 42 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PY 1993 VL 70-1 BP 337 EP 346 DI 10.1016/0169-4332(93)90454-J PN A PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA LD703 UT WOS:A1993LD70300068 ER PT J AU GLEMBOCKI, OJ DAGATA, JA SNOW, ES KATZER, DS AF GLEMBOCKI, OJ DAGATA, JA SNOW, ES KATZER, DS TI OPTICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES OF PROCESSED GAAS SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT SYMP ON DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES FOR SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIALS ANALYSIS AND FABRICATION PROCESS CONTROL, AT THE 1992 SPRING CONF OF THE EUROPEAN MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC CY JUN 02-05, 1992 CL STRASBOURG, FRANCE SP EUROPEAN MAT RES SOC ID PHOTOREFLECTANCE; SURFACES; REGION AB Optical spectroscopies such as photoreflectance offer unique and non-invasive tools that can be used to probe the bulk and surface electrical properties of processed semiconductors. Because of their contactless nature, they can also serve as in-situ, as well as ex-situ diagnostics of processing effects during various stages of optoelectronic device formation. In this paper, we will focus on the applications of photoreflectance to study the effects of various processing procedures such as dry etching, surface passivation and metallization on the electrical properties of GaAs. We will show how certain information, such as barrier heights and densities of surface states can be obtained in a contactless fashion. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP GLEMBOCKI, OJ (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,CODE 6864,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Katzer, D. Scott/N-7841-2013 NR 17 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 63 IS 1-4 BP 143 EP 152 DI 10.1016/0169-4332(93)90079-Q PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA KF034 UT WOS:A1993KF03400026 ER PT B AU DOMANSKI, PA DIDION, DA AF DOMANSKI, PA DIDION, DA BE Geshwiler, M TI THERMODYNAMIC EVALUATION OF R-22 ALTERNATIVE REFRIGERANTS AND REFRIGERANT MIXTURES SO ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS 1993, VOL 99, PT 2 SE ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1993 Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers -Incorporated CY JUN 26-30, 1993 CL DENVER, CO SP AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING & AIR CONDITIONING ENGINEERS INC C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,THERMAL MACHINERY GRP,GAITHERSBURG,MD. NR 0 TC 14 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 1993 VL 99 BP 636 EP 648 PN 2 PG 13 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA BA39H UT WOS:A1993BA39H00062 ER PT J AU KLOTE, JH AF KLOTE, JH BE Geshwiler, M TI DESIGN OF SMOKE CONTROL-SYSTEMS FOR AREAS OF REFUGE SO ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS 1993, VOL 99, PT 2 SE ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1993 Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers -Incorporated CY JUN 26-30, 1993 CL DENVER, CO SP AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING & AIR CONDITIONING ENGINEERS INC C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BLDG & FIRE RES LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 1993 VL 99 BP 793 EP 807 PN 2 PG 15 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA BA39H UT WOS:A1993BA39H00076 ER PT B AU BURCH, DM TENWOLDE, A AF BURCH, DM TENWOLDE, A BE Geshwiler, M TI A COMPUTER-ANALYSIS OF MOISTURE ACCUMULATION IN THE WALLS OF MANUFACTURED HOUSING SO ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS 1993, VOL 99, PT 2 SE ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1993 Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers -Incorporated CY JUN 26-30, 1993 CL DENVER, CO SP AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING & AIR CONDITIONING ENGINEERS INC C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 1993 VL 99 BP 977 EP 990 PN 2 PG 14 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA BA39H UT WOS:A1993BA39H00097 ER PT B AU BURCH, DM AF BURCH, DM BE Geshwiler, M TI AN ANALYSIS OF MOISTURE ACCUMULATION IN WALLS SUBJECTED TO HOT AND HUMID CLIMATES SO ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS 1993, VOL 99, PT 2 SE ASHRAE TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1993 Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Heating-Refrigerating-and-Air-Conditioning-Engineers -Incorporated CY JUN 26-30, 1993 CL DENVER, CO SP AMER SOC HEATING REFRIGERATING & AIR CONDITIONING ENGINEERS INC C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGS PI ATLANTA PA 1791 TULLIE CIRCLE NE, ATLANTA, GA 30329 J9 ASHRAE TRAN PY 1993 VL 99 BP 1013 EP 1022 PN 2 PG 10 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Mechanical SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA BA39H UT WOS:A1993BA39H00100 ER PT J AU FREAD, DL AF FREAD, DL GP ASSOC STATE DAM SAFETY OFFICIALS TI NWS FLDWAV MODEL - THE REPLACEMENT OF DAMBRK FOR DAM-BREAK FLOOD PREDICTION SO ASSOCIATION OF STATE DAM SAFETY OFFICIALS - 1993 ANNUAL CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, PROCEEDINGS AND PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1993 Annual Conference of the Association of State Dam Safety Officials CY SEP 26-29, 1993 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP ASSOC STATE DAM SAFETY OFFICIALS C1 NOAA,NATL WEATHER SERV,OFF HYDROL,HYDROL RES LAB,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC STATE DAM SAFETY OFFICIALS PI LEXINGTON PA 450 OLD EAST VINE, 2ND FLOOR, LEXINGTON, KY 40507 PY 1993 BP A177 EP A184 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA BB09Y UT WOS:A1993BB09Y00019 ER PT J AU VOGEL, JL AF VOGEL, JL GP ASSOC STATE DAM SAFETY OFFICIALS TI NEW PMP ESTIMATES FOR THE PACIFIC-NORTHWEST SO ASSOCIATION OF STATE DAM SAFETY OFFICIALS - 1993 ANNUAL CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, PROCEEDINGS AND PROCEEDINGS SUPPLEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1993 Annual Conference of the Association of State Dam Safety Officials CY SEP 26-29, 1993 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP ASSOC STATE DAM SAFETY OFFICIALS C1 NOAA,NATL WEATHER SERV,HYDROMETEOROL BRANCH,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC STATE DAM SAFETY OFFICIALS PI LEXINGTON PA 450 OLD EAST VINE, 2ND FLOOR, LEXINGTON, KY 40507 PY 1993 BP A41 EP A46 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA BB09Y UT WOS:A1993BB09Y00006 ER PT J AU ROBERTSON, DS CARTER, WE RAY, JR DILLINGER, WH NICOLSON, GD MCCULLOCH, PD HAMILTON, PA SEEGER, H AF ROBERTSON, DS CARTER, WE RAY, JR DILLINGER, WH NICOLSON, GD MCCULLOCH, PD HAMILTON, PA SEEGER, H TI EXTENDING THE VERY LONG BASE-LINE INTERFEROMETRY CELESTIAL REFERENCE FRAME TO THE SOUTHERN-HEMISPHERE SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL REFERENCE FRAME; SOURCE POSITIONS; RADIO INTERFEROMETRY; FORCED NUTATIONS; GEODESY; EARTH; VLBI AB Geodetic very long baseline interferometry measurements have been extended to the southern hemisphere using stations in South Africa, Tasmania, and Chile. These measurements enabled us to add a number of southern hemisphere radio sources to the catalog that defines our celestial reference frame. Positions have been determined for 81 radio sources ranging in declination from 78-degrees-N to 80-degrees-S with formal errors of a few tenths of a millisecond of arc. Numerical experiments to determine the sensitivity of the estimated positions to systematic error sources such as atmospheric refraction variations indicate that they are roughly comparable in magnitude to the formal errors. Preliminary measurements of the total and correlated source flux densities at 2.3 and 8.4 GHz are presented for a subset of the sources in the southern hemisphere. C1 HARTEBEESTHOEK RADIO ASTRON OBSERV,KRUGERSDORP 1740,SOUTH AFRICA. UNIV TASMANIA,HOBART,TAS 7001,AUSTRALIA. IFAG,W-6000 FRANKFURT 70,GERMANY. RP ROBERTSON, DS (reprint author), NOAA,OFF OCEAN & EARTH SCI,GEOSCI LAB,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA. NR 28 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 105 IS 1 BP 353 EP 358 DI 10.1086/116434 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA KF509 UT WOS:A1993KF50900033 ER PT B AU NEUENDORFFER, A AF NEUENDORFFER, A BE Henriksen, T TI THE DECLINE IN POLAR STRATOSPHERIC OZONE AS OBSERVED BY NOAA INFRARED SOUNDERS SO ATMOSPHERIC OZONE SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Atmospheric Ozone CY JUN 28-29, 1993 CL TROMSO, NORWAY SP EUROPEAN OPT SOC, SOC PHOTO OPT INSTRUMENTAT ENGINEERS, NORWEGIAN RES COUNCIL, STATOIL, ROYAL NORWEGIAN MINIST ENVIRONM PROTECT, NORWEGIAN FISHERIES RES COUNCIL, NANSEN FDN, NORWEGIAN COLL FISHING SCI, UNIV TROMSO C1 NOAA,CTR SCI,NESDIS SATELLITE RES LAB,CAMP SPRINGS,MD 20747. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-1306-2 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1993 VL 2047 BP 110 EP 121 DI 10.1117/12.163472 PG 12 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Optics SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Optics GA BZ89H UT WOS:A1993BZ89H00012 ER PT B AU CHARNOTSKII, M AF CHARNOTSKII, M BE Kohnle, A Miller, WB TI SHORT-TERM LASER-BEAM SPREAD IN TURBULENT ATMOSPHERE SO ATMOSPHERIC PROPAGATION AND REMOTE SENSING II SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Atmospheric Propagation and Remote Sensing II CY APR 14-15, 1993 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SOC PHOTO OPT INSTRUMENTAT ENGINEERS C1 NOAA,BOULDER,CO 80303. RI Charnotskii, Mikhail/A-7193-2013 OI Charnotskii, Mikhail/0000-0002-8315-8254 NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-1204-X J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1993 VL 1968 BP 389 EP 400 DI 10.1117/12.154845 PG 12 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Optics SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Optics GA BZ45H UT WOS:A1993BZ45H00041 ER PT J AU HOLTS, DB BEDFORD, DW AF HOLTS, DB BEDFORD, DW TI HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL MOVEMENTS OF THE SHORTFIN MAKO SHARK, ISURUS OXYRINCHUS, IN THE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA BIGHT SO AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF MARINE AND FRESHWATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE TAGGING; TRACKING; WATER TEMPERATURE ID CARCHARODON-CARCHARIAS; PRIONACE-GLAUCA AB Recreational and commercial fishing effort directed at the shortfin mako shark, Isurus oxyrinchus, off the coast of southern California increased markedly in the mid 1980s. However, very little is known about the population size, stock structure or movements of these sharks in the northern Pacific. It is important to determine their role in these waters because the southern California bight may be an important pupping and nursery area for shortfin mako sharks. Acoustic telemetry was used to identify short-term horizontal and vertical movements of three shortfin mako sharks in the southern California bight during the summer of 1989. All three sharks were two-year-old juveniles and were tracked for periods of from 18 to 25 h. They spent 90% of their time in the mixed layer, with only infrequent excursions below the thermocline. Vertical and horizontal movements did not indicate any diel activity pattern associated with distance to the shore or nearby islands or with bottom topography. C1 CALIF DEPT FISH & GAME,MARINE RESORCES,LONG BEACH,CA. RP HOLTS, DB (reprint author), NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,SW FISHERIES SCI CTR,LA JOLLA LAB,LA JOLLA,CA 92038, USA. NR 23 TC 56 Z9 61 U1 3 U2 15 PU C S I R O PUBLICATIONS PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 0067-1940 J9 AUST J MAR FRESH RES PY 1993 VL 44 IS 6 BP 901 EP 909 PG 9 WC Fisheries; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA MK895 UT WOS:A1993MK89500010 ER PT J AU CROMPTON, RW MORRISON, MA AF CROMPTON, RW MORRISON, MA TI ANALYSES OF RECENT EXPERIMENTAL AND THEORETICAL DETERMINATIONS OF E-H-2 VIBRATIONAL-EXCITATION CROSS-SECTIONS - ASSESSING A LONG-STANDING CONTROVERSY SO AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID LOW-ENERGY ELECTRONS; HE SCATTERING DATA; MOLECULE COLLISIONS; ROTATIONAL-EXCITATION; ELASTIC-SCATTERING; DRIFT VELOCITIES; H-2; IMPACT; POTENTIALS; HELIUM AB During the last four years, we have undertaken a major effort to resolve a serious, long-standing discrepancy between various experimental and theoretical determinations of the cross section for the upsilon0 = 0 --> upsilon = 1 vibrational excitation of H-2. This effort has involved crossed electron-beam molecular-beam measurements of relative angular distributions, measurements of transport coefficients in mixtures of H-2 and various rare gases, and ab initio theoretical calculations using a vibrational close-coupling formalism with an exact treatment of non-local exchange effects. The discrepancy remains unresolved-a fact with potentially wide-ranging consequences for beam experiments, theory, and the unfolding of inelastic electron-molecule cross sections from swarm data. New analyses of the transport data and the application of a new method of extrapolating angular distributions beyond the range of measurement sheds light on this disagreement and its implications. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BOULDER,CO 80309. UNIV OKLAHOMA,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,NORMAN,OK 73019. UNIV COLORADO,JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP CROMPTON, RW (reprint author), AUSTRALIAN NATL UNIV,RES SCH PHYS SCI & ENGN,CANBERRA,ACT 0200,AUSTRALIA. NR 53 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU C S I R O PUBLICATIONS PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 0004-9506 J9 AUST J PHYS JI Aust. J. Phys. PY 1993 VL 46 IS 2 BP 203 EP 229 PG 27 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA LJ193 UT WOS:A1993LJ19300001 ER PT J AU MISAKIAN, M SHEPPARD, AR KRAUSE, D FRAZIER, ME MILLER, DL AF MISAKIAN, M SHEPPARD, AR KRAUSE, D FRAZIER, ME MILLER, DL TI BIOLOGICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ELECTRICAL PARAMETERS FOR IN-VITRO STUDIES WITH ELF MAGNETIC AND ELECTRIC-FIELDS - A PRIMER SO BIOELECTROMAGNETICS LA English DT Review DE DOSIMETRY; EXPOSURE PARAMETERS; INDUCED CURRENTS; INDUCED ELECTRIC FIELDS ID BRAIN-TISSUE INVITRO; ELECTROMAGNETIC-RADIATION; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; EXPERIMENTAL-DESIGN; EXPOSURE SYSTEMS; CALCIUM-IONS; HUMAN MODELS; RELEASE; CELLS; CULTURE AB This paper presents material which is intended to assist researchers in identifying and controlling a range of biological, electrical, and other physical parameters that can affect the outcome of in vitro studies with extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic and electric fields. Brief descriptions of power line magnetic and electric fields are provided and methods for the generation of 60 Hz as well as other ELF fields in the laboratory are surveyed. Methods for calculating and measuring exposure parameters in culture medium are also described. Relating in vitro and internal in vivo exposure conditions across different animal species is discussed to aid researchers in selecting levels of field exposure. The text is purposely elementary, and sometimes brief, with references provided to aid the interested reader in obtaining a fuller understanding of the many topics. Because the range of experimental parameters that can influence the outcome of in vitro studies with ELF fields is so broad, a multidisciplinary approach is normally required to carry out the research. C 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.* C1 JL PETTIS VET ADM MED CTR, RES SERV 151, LOMA LINDA, CA USA. CATHOLIC UNIV AMER, DEPT BIOL, WASHINGTON, DC 20064 USA. US DOE, DIV HLTH EFFECTS & LIFE SCI RES, WASHINGTON, DC 20545 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP MISAKIAN, M (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, DIV ELECTR, BLDG 220, ROOM B344, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. NR 112 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0197-8462 EI 1521-186X J9 BIOELECTROMAGNETICS JI Bioelectromagnetics PY 1993 SU 2 BP 1 EP 73 PG 73 WC Biology; Biophysics SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics GA LM559 UT WOS:A1993LM55900001 ER PT B AU BERGER, JR AF BERGER, JR BE Brebbia, CA Rencis, JJ TI BOUNDARY-ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF ANISOTROPIC SOLIDS WITH PLANAR INTERFACES SO BOUNDARY ELEMENTS XV, VOL 2: STRESS ANALYSIS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Conference on Boundary Element Methods (BEM XV) CY AUG 10-13, 1993 CL WORCESTER POLYTECH INST, WORCESTER, MA SP WORCESTER POLYTECH INST, WESSEX INST TECHNOL, INT SOC BOUNDARY ELEMENTS, AMER SOC MECH ENGINEERS, WORCESTER SECT HO WORCESTER POLYTECH INST C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV MAT RELIABIL,BOULDER,CO 80303. RI Berger, John/F-5169-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COMPUTATIONAL MECHANICS PUBLICATIONS LTD PI SOUTHAMPTON PA ASHURST LODGE, SOUTHAMPTON, HANTS, ENGLAND S04 2AA BN 1-85312-274-2 PY 1993 BP 43 EP 63 PG 21 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA BZ88Y UT WOS:A1993BZ88Y00003 ER PT J AU BRIGGS, GA AF BRIGGS, GA TI FINAL RESULTS OF THE CONDORS CONVECTIVE DIFFUSION EXPERIMENT SO BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35TH OHOLO CONF ON TRANSPORT AND DIFFUSION IN TURBULENT FIELDS : MODELING AND MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES CY OCT 28-NOV 01, 1991 CL EILAT, ISRAEL SP ISRAEL INST BIOL RES, USA RES & DEV, EUROPEAN BRANCH, ISRAEL ACAD SCI & HUMANITIES, JOSEPH MEYERHOFF FUND, MINIST SCI & TECH ISRAEL, MINIST ENVIRONM ISRAEL, ISRAEL ELECT, ATOM ENERGY COMMISS ISRAEL, ISRAEL CHEM, MINIST TOURISM ISRAEL ID PLANETARY BOUNDARY-LAYER; BUOYANT PLUME DISPERSION; MIXED-LAYER; SIMULATION AB The Convective Diffusion Observed by Remote Sensors (CONDORS) field experiment conducted at the Boulder Atmospheric Observatory used innovative techniques to obtain three-dimensional mappings of plume concentration fields, chi/Q, of oil fog detected by lidar and ''chaff' detected by Doppler radar. It included extensive meteorological measurements and, in 1983, tracer gases measured at a single sampling arc. Final results from ten hours of elevated and surface release data are summarized here. Many intercomparisons were made. Oil fog chi/Q measured 40m above the arc are mostly in good agreement with SF6 values, except in a few instances with large spacial inhomogeneities over short distances. After a correction scheme was applied to compensate for the effect of its settling speed, chaff integral chidy/Q agreed well with those of oil except in two cases of oil fog ''hot spots''. Mass or frequency distribution vs. azimuth or elevation angle comparisons were made for chaff, oil, and wind, with mostly good agreements. Spacial standard deviations, sigma(y), and sigma(z), of chaff and oil agree overall and are consistent at short range with velocity standard deviations sigma(v) and sigma(w) almost-equal-to 0.6w* (the convective scale velocity), as measured at z > 100m. Surface release sigma(y), is enhanced up to 60% at small x, consistent with the Prairie Grass measurements and with larger sigma(v) and reduced wind speed measured near the surface. Decreased sigma(y) at small dimensionless average times is Iso noted. Finally, convectively scaled integral chidy, C(y), were plotted versus dimensionless x and z for oil, chaff, and corrected chaff for each 30-60 min period. Aggregated CONDORS C(y) fields compare well with laboratory tank and LES numerical simulations; surface-released oil fog compares especially well with the tank experiments. However. large deviations from the norm occurred in individual averaging periods; these deviations correlated strongly with anomalies in measured w distributions. RP BRIGGS, GA (reprint author), NOAA,AIR RESOURCES LAB,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27711, USA. NR 29 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 4 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8314 J9 BOUND-LAY METEOROL JI Bound.-Layer Meteor. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 62 IS 1-4 BP 315 EP 328 DI 10.1007/BF00705562 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KH517 UT WOS:A1993KH51700020 ER PT J AU HANNA, SR CHATWIN, P VANDOP, H HANNA, S POREH, M SAWFORD, B STULL, R RIDE, D GRABER, M KALLOS, G BRIGGS, G SADEH, W ALPERT, P AF HANNA, SR CHATWIN, P VANDOP, H HANNA, S POREH, M SAWFORD, B STULL, R RIDE, D GRABER, M KALLOS, G BRIGGS, G SADEH, W ALPERT, P TI THE ROUND-TABLE DISCUSSION - INTERACTIONS AND FEEDBACK BETWEEN THEORY AND EXPERIMENT SO BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROLOGY LA English DT Discussion C1 UNIV SHEFFIELD,DEPT APPL & COMP MATH,SHEFFIELD S10 3TN,ENGLAND. UNIV UTRECHT,IMAU,UTRECHT,NETHERLANDS. TECHNION ISRAEL INST TECHNOL,HAIFA,ISRAEL. CSIRO,DIV ATMOSPHER RES,MORDIALLOC,VIC 3195,AUSTRALIA. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT METEOROL,MADISON,WI 53706. CBOE,SALISBURY,ENGLAND. MINIST ENVIRONM,JERUSALEM,ISRAEL. UNIV ATHENS,DEPT APPL PHYS,METEOROL LAB,GR-10680 ATHENS,GREECE. NOAA,AIR RESOURCES LAB,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27711. COLORADO STATE UNIV,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. TEL AVIV UNIV,DEPT GEOPHYS & PLANETARY SCI,IL-69978 TEL AVIV,ISRAEL. RP HANNA, SR (reprint author), SIGMA RES CORP,234 LITTLETON RD,SUITE 2E,WESTFORD,MA 01886, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8314 J9 BOUND-LAY METEOROL JI Bound.-Layer Meteor. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 62 IS 1-4 BP 435 EP 448 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KH517 UT WOS:A1993KH51700029 ER PT J AU STEPIEN, CA DIXON, MT HILLIS, DM AF STEPIEN, CA DIXON, MT HILLIS, DM TI EVOLUTIONARY RELATIONSHIPS OF THE BLENNIOID FISH FAMILIES CLINIDAE, LABRISOMIDAE AND CHAENOPSIDAE - CONGRUENCE BETWEEN DNA-SEQUENCE AND ALLOZYME DATA SO BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; RIBOSOMAL DNA; N-TREES; CONSENSUS; DIVERGENCE; GENE AB The suborder Blennioidei (Teleostei: Perciformes) comprises approximately 675 species of small benthic fishes in 6 families, whose distributions in tropical and temperate marine provinces are of biogeographic significance. Their evolutionary relationships have attracted considerable scientific interest, although resolution at higher taxonomic levels, based on morphological characters, has been inconclusive and one family (Labrisomidae) presently lacks monophyletic definition. In the present study, phylogenetic methodology is used to analyze sequence data from internal transcribed spacer region 1 of the ribosomal DNA array and allozyme data from 40 presumptive gene loci to develop hypotheses of relationships among three of the six families of the Blennioidei (Clinidae, Labrisomidae, and Chaenopsidae), using two of the remaining blennioid families (Tripterygiidae and Blenniidae) as outgroups. Trees generated from PAUP analyses of rDNA sequence data are compared with those generated from allozyme data. Phylogenetic hypotheses based on rDNA sequence and allozyme data are congruent, suggesting that the combined grouping of the Chaenopsidae, Labrisomidae, and Clinidae is monophyletic. The most-parsimonious trees from both allozyme and sequence data suggest that the Chaenopsidae is the sister group to a Labrisomidae and Clinidae clade. Allozyme data suggest that the Labrisomidae, as currently recognized, is paraphyletic. Additional analyses of DNA sequence data are planned to test these relationships. Results of the present study indicate that rDNA data are useful for discerning evolutionary history of the Blennioidei. C1 NOAA, NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV, SW FISHERIES SCI CTR, LA JOLLA, CA 92037 USA. UNIV TEXAS, DEPT ZOOL, AUSTIN, TX 78712 USA. RI Hillis, David/B-4278-2008; Stepien, Carol/A-7898-2011 NR 65 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROSENSTIEL SCH MAR ATMOS SCI PI MIAMI PA 4600 RICKENBACKER CAUSEWAY, MIAMI, FL 33149 USA SN 0007-4977 J9 B MAR SCI JI Bull. Mar. Sci. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 52 IS 1 BP 496 EP 515 PG 20 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA KX230 UT WOS:A1993KX23000018 ER PT J AU POWELL, MD AF POWELL, MD TI WIND FORECASTING FOR YACHT RACING AT THE 1991 PAN-AMERICAN-GAMES SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SOUTH FLORIDA AB The U.S. Sailing Team competed successfully at the 1991 Pan American Games despite having no previous experience with the sailing conditions off Havana, Cuba. One of the key factors in the team's success was meteorological support in the form of wind climate analysis; application of sea breeze forecasting typical of the south Florida area, modified by tropical weather systems; and effective preregatta briefing. RP POWELL, MD (reprint author), NOAA,AOML,DIV RES,MIAMI,FL 33149, USA. RI Powell, Mark/I-4963-2013 OI Powell, Mark/0000-0002-4890-8945 NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0003-0007 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 74 IS 1 BP 5 EP 16 DI 10.1175/1520-0477(1993)074<0005:WFFYRA>2.0.CO;2 PG 12 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KJ137 UT WOS:A1993KJ13700001 ER PT J AU SALSTEIN, DA KANN, DM MILLER, AJ ROSEN, RD AF SALSTEIN, DA KANN, DM MILLER, AJ ROSEN, RD TI THE SUB-BUREAU FOR ATMOSPHERIC ANGULAR-MOMENTUM OF THE INTERNATIONAL EARTH ROTATION SERVICE - A METEOROLOGICAL DATA CENTER WITH GEODETIC APPLICATIONS SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID POLAR MOTION; LENGTH; VARIABILITY; MODEL; FLUCTUATIONS; CIRCULATION; EXCITATION; OCEAN AB By exchanging angular momentum with the solid portion of the earth, the atmosphere plays a vital role in exciting small but measurable changes in the rotation of our planet. Recognizing this relationship, the International Earth Rotation Service invited the U.S. National Meteorological Center to organize a Sub-bureau for Atmospheric Angular Momentum (SBAAM) for the purpose of collecting, distributing, archiving, and analyzing atmospheric parameters relevant to earth rotation/polar motion. These functions of wind and surface pressure are being computed with data from several of the world's weather services, and they are being widely applied to the research and operations of the geodetic community. The SBAAM began operating formally in October 1989, and this article highlights its development, operations, and significance. C1 RES & DATA SYST CORP,GREENBELT,MD. NOAA,NWS,CTR CLIMATE ANAL,WASHINGTON,DC 20230. RP SALSTEIN, DA (reprint author), ATMOSPHER & ENVIRONM RES INC,CAMBRIDGE,MA, USA. NR 42 TC 120 Z9 121 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0003-0007 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 74 IS 1 BP 67 EP 80 DI 10.1175/1520-0477(1993)074<0067:TSBFAA>2.0.CO;2 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KJ137 UT WOS:A1993KJ13700006 ER PT J AU ISAACS, RG KALNAY, E OHRING, G MCCLATCHEY, R AF ISAACS, RG KALNAY, E OHRING, G MCCLATCHEY, R TI SUMMARY OF THE NMC NESDIS DOD CONFERENCE ON DMSP RETRIEVAL PRODUCTS SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 NATL METEOROL CTR,WASHINGTON,DC. NATL ENVIRONM SATELLITE DATA & INFORMAT SERV,WASHINGTON,DC. US DEPT DEF,PHILLIPS LAB,BEDFORD,MA. RP ISAACS, RG (reprint author), ATMOSPHER & ENVIRONM RES INC,CAMBRIDGE,MA, USA. RI Kalnay, Eugenia/F-4393-2010; Ohring, George/F-5616-2010 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0003-0007 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 74 IS 1 BP 87 EP 91 PG 5 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KJ137 UT WOS:A1993KJ13700008 ER PT J AU HAUTH, FF PURDOM, JFW AF HAUTH, FF PURDOM, JFW TI THE 6TH CONFERENCE ON SATELLITE METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article C1 NOAA,NESDIS,RAMM BRANCH,COOPERAT INST RES ATMOSPHERE,FT COLLINS,CO. RP HAUTH, FF (reprint author), OFF FED COORDINATOR METEOROL,ROCKVILLE,MD, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0003-0007 J9 B AM METEOROL SOC JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 74 IS 1 BP 93 EP 97 PG 5 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KJ137 UT WOS:A1993KJ13700009 ER PT J AU YOSHIMOTO, SS CLARKE, RP AF YOSHIMOTO, SS CLARKE, RP TI COMPARING DYNAMIC VERSIONS OF THE SCHAEFER AND FOX PRODUCTION MODELS AND THEIR APPLICATION TO LOBSTER FISHERIES SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID PANULIRUS-CYGNUS; STOCK AB Dynamic approaches (integrated and finite difference) to the Schaefer and Fox production models are applied to four commercial lobster fisheries. The integrated versions provided better predictions than their finite difference counterparts. Only the integrated version of the Fox model provides realistic (positive) biological parameter estimates for all four fisheries, and bootstrapping reveals those estimates to be generally stable. Additionally, this model performs well when applied to data where certain assumptions of surplus production modeling are fulfilled. The results suggest further investigation of the integration procedure. RP YOSHIMOTO, SS (reprint author), NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,SW FISHERIES SCI CTR,HONOLULU LAB,2570 DOLE ST,HONOLULU,HI 96822, USA. NR 28 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0706-652X J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 50 IS 1 BP 181 EP 189 PG 9 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA LK295 UT WOS:A1993LK29500020 ER PT J AU SCHNEIDER, SJ AF SCHNEIDER, SJ TI CLASSIFICATION OF ADVANCED CERAMICS - DEVELOPMENT OF THE 1ST INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM FOR PRODUCER AND USER INDUSTRIES - FOREWORD SO CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Editorial Material RP SCHNEIDER, SJ (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0272-8842 J9 CERAM INT JI Ceram. Int. PY 1993 VL 19 IS 1 BP 1 EP 1 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA KV215 UT WOS:A1993KV21500001 ER PT J AU SCHNEIDER, SJ AF SCHNEIDER, SJ TI WELCOME AND INTRODUCTION TO THE VAMAS WORKSHOP ON CLASSIFICATION OF ADVANCED CERAMICS SO CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP SCHNEIDER, SJ (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0272-8842 J9 CERAM INT JI Ceram. Int. PY 1993 VL 19 IS 1 BP 5 EP 7 DI 10.1016/0272-8842(93)90065-Y PG 3 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA KV215 UT WOS:A1993KV21500002 ER PT J AU SCHNEIDER, SJ AF SCHNEIDER, SJ TI SURVEY OF CLASSIFICATION PRACTICES AND NEEDS - TECHNICAL WORKING AREA 14 ON THE CLASSIFICATION OF ADVANCED CERAMICS SO CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article AB Currently, there is no accepted classification system in place for advanced ceramics products, and what is evolving through common practice is discordant among ceramic producers and users within nations and between nations. One of the first activities undertaken by the Task Group of VAMAS Technical Working Area 14 was a comprehensive survey to assess the classification practices and preferences of industry. Questionnaires were distributed to ceramic producers, users and R & D companies in 14 countries. Three hundred businesses were queried, of which 48% responded to the questionnaire, which was 36 pages long. Answers to surrey questions generally were consistent between companies irrespective of national location. The following summarizes the major findings of this international Survey on the classification of advanced ceramics: (1) The scope of products covered by a classification system for advanced ceramics should include those conventionally termed 'technical' and ceramics as well as the newer materials, all of which have similar technical characteristics and use applications. (2) The definition of advanced ceramics should be broadly phrased in a manner to imply the special technical character of the vast array of product types. The definition should include keyword descriptive terms such as 'inorganic', non-metallic', 'highly engineered', 'high performance' and 'specific functional attributes'. (3) In tandem with the setting of a definition, a companion terminology set must be developed, as existing ceramic dictionaries are not sufficiently precise to describe fully this product class. (4) Currently, industry identifies or categorizes advanced ceramics by two methods: (a) by the basic chemistry of the product; (b) by the major functional use, such as electrical, mechanical, etc. Both are viewed as primary identification characteristics and generally are used simultaneously. (5) There was general consensus by industry that there is a pronounced need for a broad-based, multipurpose classification system for advanced ceramics. Once developed, the system should be administered and maintained by a standards organization or a professional society. The essential categorization elements must include the designation of end-use application functions and the defining chemical character of the product. Other distinguishing features, such as properties, must be identified, but as a subset in a hierarchical classification scheme. RP SCHNEIDER, SJ (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0272-8842 J9 CERAM INT JI Ceram. Int. PY 1993 VL 19 IS 1 BP 27 EP 42 DI 10.1016/0272-8842(93)90069-4 PG 16 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA KV215 UT WOS:A1993KV21500006 ER PT J AU MISRA, M OLINSKI, R DIZDAROGLU, M KASPRZAK, KS AF MISRA, M OLINSKI, R DIZDAROGLU, M KASPRZAK, KS TI ENHANCEMENT BY L-HISTIDINE OF NICKEL(II)-INDUCED DNA PROTEIN CROSS-LINKING AND OXIDATIVE DNA-BASE DAMAGE IN THE RAT-KIDNEY SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Note ID CARCINOGENIC NICKEL COMPOUNDS; ASCITES TUMOR-CELLS; DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC-ACID; IONIZING-RADIATION; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; THYMINE GLYCOL; METAL; CHROMATIN; SITE; MUTAGENESIS AB Formation of DNA-protein cross-links and oxidatively damaged DNA bases was investigated with the use of alkaline elution and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry techniques in the nuclei from kidneys of rats 3 and 18 h after a single iv injection of the Ni(II)(His)2 complex (NiHis), nickel(II) acetate (NiAcet), or L-histidine (His). Administration of 20 mumol of NiHis/kg body wt caused the formation of DNA-protein cross-links and significantly increased levels of oxidatively damaged DNA bases, including 2,6-diamino-4-hydroxy-5-formamidopyrimidine (FapyGua; 3.5-fold vs the control value) 3 h postinjection and 8-oxoguanine (2.6-fold), cytosine glycol (2.5-fold), 8-oxoadenine (2-fold), and FapyGua (1.9-fold) 18 h postinjection. Injection of 20 mumol of NiAcet/kg body wt enhanced the cross-linking to a lesser extent than NiHis and did not significantly increase the amounts of modified DNA bases over the control levels. Forty micromoles of His per kilogram body wt alone caused a marked DNA-protein cross-linking effect and increased the amount of 4,6-diamino-5-formamidopyrimidine (2-fold vs the control) 3 h, but not 18 h, after treatment. The DNA base derivatives found were typical products of hydroxyl radical (.OH) attack on DNA. Formation of the cross-links may also be attributed to .OH, although other mechanisms, e.g., formation of ternary complexes of Ni(II), cannot be excluded. The present in vivo study confirms the conclusion of our former in vitro experiments that His enhances Ni(II)-mediated oxidative damage to DNA and chromatin. Since His is the major low molecular weight tissue carrier of Ni(II), this enhancement may be responsible, at least in part, for nickel genotoxicity and carcinogenicity. C1 NCI,FCRDC,COMPARAT CARCINOGENESIS LAB,FREDERICK,MD 21702. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,CHEM SCI & TECHNOL LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RI Olinski, Ryszard/E-9607-2014 NR 48 TC 53 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0893-228X J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 6 IS 1 BP 33 EP 37 DI 10.1021/tx00031a005 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA KH789 UT WOS:A1993KH78900005 PM 8448347 ER PT J AU PITMAN, RL AF PITMAN, RL TI SEABIRD ASSOCIATIONS WITH MARINE TURTLES IN THE EASTERN PACIFIC-OCEAN SO COLONIAL WATERBIRDS LA English DT Note DE EASTERN PACIFIC; LEPIDOCHELYS-OLIVACEA; MARINE TURTLES; OLIVE RIDLEY; SEABIRD ASSOCIATIONS AB I analyzed seabird associations with marine turtles observed during 22 research vessel cruises in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean (ETP) from 1976-1990. Of 3,032 individual turtles sighted, 176 (5.8%) were accompanied by a total of 412 birds of 13 species, with three species of boobies accounting for 63% of the associated birds. The mean number of birds per associated turtle was 2.3 (S.D. = 9.63; range 1-125); single birds occurred with 82% of the associated turtles. Seabirds utilized turtles the same way they used other floating objects on the ocean, i.e., as roosting platforms and to feed on fish that aggregated beneath them. Larger flocks (i.e., > 5 birds) occurred with turtles only when the turtles were associated with flotsam and schools of predatory fish; in each of these cases birds foraged over the fish and appeared to be only incidentally associated with turtles. The olive ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea) is by far the most abundant sea turtle of the five species that occur in the ETP and the only species observed with associated birds. Although millions of olive ridleys have been harvested in the ETP over the past several decades, it is stiil an abundant species and continues to represent a small but contributing resource for foraging seabirds, especially boobies. RP PITMAN, RL (reprint author), SW FISHERIES SCI CTR,POB 271,LA JOLLA,CA 92038, USA. NR 0 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU COLONIAL WATERBIRD SOC PI WASHINGTON PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 SN 0738-6028 J9 COLON WATERBIRD JI Colon. Waterbirds PY 1993 VL 16 IS 2 BP 194 EP 201 DI 10.2307/1521438 PG 8 WC Ecology; Ornithology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA MP094 UT WOS:A1993MP09400010 ER PT J AU CAMP, K AF CAMP, K TI OBSERVATIONS OF SHORT-TAILED ALBATROSS (DIOMEDEA-ALBATRUS) IN THE BERING SEA SO COLONIAL WATERBIRDS LA English DT Note DE BERING SEA; DIOMEDEA-ALBATRUS; NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES DOMESTIC OBSERVER; SHORT-TAILED ALBATROSS AB Short-tailed Albatross (Diomedea albatrus), once a widespread North Pacific species, currently has a population of approximately 400 birds (Hasegawa in Amaral 1988). This note reports an unusual pelagic sighting of 14 Short-tailed Albatrosses on 7 September 1990 in the Bering Sea. Three additional sightings of individual birds from June to September 1990 are also reported. RP CAMP, K (reprint author), ALASKA FISHERIES SCI CTR,NMFS DOMEST FISHERIES OBSERVER,7600 SAND POINT WAY NE,BIN C15700,SEATTLE,WA 98115, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 5 PU COLONIAL WATERBIRD SOC PI WASHINGTON PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 SN 0738-6028 J9 COLON WATERBIRD JI Colon. Waterbirds PY 1993 VL 16 IS 2 BP 221 EP 222 DI 10.2307/1521443 PG 2 WC Ecology; Ornithology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA MP094 UT WOS:A1993MP09400015 ER PT J AU PRESSER, C GUPTA, AK SEMERJIAN, HG AF PRESSER, C GUPTA, AK SEMERJIAN, HG TI AERODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF SWIRLING SPRAY FLAMES - PRESSURE-JET ATOMIZER SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article ID DROP SIZE; COMBUSTION; EVAPORATION AB The effect of swirl on droplet transport processes is examined in a pressure-atomized, hollow-cone kerosene spray, introduced into coflowing nonswirling and swirling air flow fields. An ensemble light scattering technique, based on measurement of the polarization ratio, provided spatially resolved measurements on the local values of droplet mean size and number density in dense regions of the nonburning spray. Laser velocimetry was employed to measure the axial, radial, and tangential velocity components of the droplets and combustion air stream. Droplet velocity distributions and time histories provided information on the transport of individual droplets under nonburning and burning conditions. High-speed cinematography, short-exposure photography, and video movies were also employed to observe the global features of the spray flame. The results reveal that the spray flame has a complex three-dimensional structure. The introduction of swirl to the combustion air modifies the droplet/air velocity field in addition to the spatial distribution of droplet size and number density. Larger droplets are transported downstream relatively unperturbed by the surrounding air stream while smaller droplets are entrained by the recirculating aerodynamic pattern. In addition, observed instabilities during liquid jet breakup appear to result in droplet clustering further downstream. The interaction between the fuel droplets and air flow field is therefore a process that significantly affects the overall characteristics of spray flames. Regulation of fuel/air interactions can mitigate fuel losses into the surrounding environment as well as control flame stability. RP PRESSER, C (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,CHEM SCI & ENGN LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 45 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD JAN PY 1993 VL 92 IS 1-2 BP 25 EP 44 DI 10.1016/0010-2180(93)90196-A PG 20 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA KD979 UT WOS:A1993KD97900002 ER PT J AU REHM, RG BAUM, HR TANG, HC LOZIER, DC AF REHM, RG BAUM, HR TANG, HC LOZIER, DC TI FINITE-RATE DIFFUSION-CONTROLLED REACTION IN A VORTEX SO COMBUSTION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TURBULENT SHEAR-LAYER; HEAT RELEASE; FIELD; FLAME; COMBUSTION; SIMULATION AB The influence of a vortex on a gaseous diffusion reaction is examined. The vortex is taken to be two dimensional, and the species are initially assumed to occupy adjacent half spaces. In the flame-sheet limit, thermal expansion and the effects of variable diffusion are taken into account. A global similarity solution exists for this problem, and a simple expression for the solution is determined in the asymptotic limit of large Schmidt number. The problem is also analyzed for finite-rate chemistry, appropriate for an isothermal, bimolecular reaction. The problem depends upon three parameters, Reynolds number, Schmidt number and the equivalence ratio, with the Damkohler number equal to the dimensionless time. The structure of the reaction region normal to the flame front is examined as a function of time. The evolution of the reaction to a state relation, dependent only upon the mixture-fraction variable, is demonstrated as the Damkohler number becomes large. C1 UNIV OXFORD,INST MATH,OXFORD,ENGLAND. RP REHM, RG (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 31 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 0010-2202 J9 COMBUST SCI TECHNOL JI Combust. Sci. Technol. PY 1993 VL 91 IS 1-3 BP 143 EP 161 DI 10.1080/00102209308907637 PG 19 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA LF824 UT WOS:A1993LF82400008 ER PT J AU NORTON, TS SMYTH, KC MILLER, JH SMOOKE, MD AF NORTON, TS SMYTH, KC MILLER, JH SMOOKE, MD TI COMPARISON OF EXPERIMENTAL AND COMPUTED SPECIES CONCENTRATION AND TEMPERATURE PROFILES IN LAMINAR, 2-DIMENSIONAL METHANE AIR DIFFUSION FLAMES SO COMBUSTION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; COMBUSTION; SPECTROSCOPY; RATES; MECHANISMS; CHEMISTRY; MODEL; CARS; CO AB Experimental concentration measurements of the major stable species and five radical species (OH., H atom, O atom, CH-, and CH3.) obtained on a rectangular Wolfhard-Parker slot burner are compared with a detailed computation of the chemical structure of an axisymmetric laminar, CH4/air diffusion flame burning at atmospheric pressure. In order to examine these CH4/air flames with different geometries and different sizes, the species profiles are plotted as functions of the local mixture fraction, and the scalar dissipation rate has been matched in a region around the stoichiometric surface. The overall agreement in the absolute concentrations, the shape of the profiles, and their location in terms of the local mixture fraction is good to excellent for the stable species (except for O2) and for the most abundant radicals OH., H atom, and O atom. For example, the calculated OH. maximum concentration is in much better agreement with the experimental results than are full equilibrium and partial equilibrium estimates. Less satisfactory agreement is found for the CH- and CH3. radicals. In addition, significant discrepancies are observed in the temperature field and in the degree of 02 penetration into rich flame regions. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BLDG & FIRE RES LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT CHEM,WASHINGTON,DC 20052. YALE UNIV,DEPT MECH ENGN,NEW HAVEN,CT 06520. RI Miller, John/B-7324-2009 NR 65 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 19 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 0010-2202 J9 COMBUST SCI TECHNOL JI Combust. Sci. Technol. PY 1993 VL 90 IS 1-4 BP 1 EP 34 DI 10.1080/00102209308907601 PG 34 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA LZ041 UT WOS:A1993LZ04100001 ER PT J AU JOKLIK, RG AF JOKLIK, RG TI OH VIBRATIONAL THERMALLY-ASSISTED LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE TEMPERATURE-MEASUREMENTS IN FLAMES SO COMBUSTION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE LASER INDUCED FLUORESCENCE (LIF); OH(HYDROXYL); FLAME TEMPERATURE ID ROTATIONAL ENERGY-TRANSFER; EXCITED FLUORESCENCE; A2-SIGMA+ OH; TRANSITION-PROBABILITIES; ELEVATED-TEMPERATURES; A2SIGMA+ OH; SPECTROSCOPY; STATE; REDISTRIBUTION; POPULATION AB Thermally-assisted laser induced fluorescence temperature measurements using upward vibrational transfer from v' = 0 to v' = 1 in A2SIGMA+OH have been demonstrated in premixed nitrogen diluted flames of acetylene, ethylene, and methane over a wide range of equivalence ratios. Detection of the (0-0) and (1-0) vibrational bands was used to determine the relative populations of v' = 0 and 1 from which temperature was calculated assuming a simple two level model incorporating the effects of vibrational energy transfer and quenching. It was found that collisional effects that are a source of systematic error can be accounted for through a calibration procedure for each fuel type. The resulting accuracy of the measurement is better than 100 K as determined through comparison with sodium line reversal temperature measurements in flames that ranged in temperature from 1700 K to 2700 K. Similar results using detection of the (0-1) and (1-0) vibrational bands in order to minimize self-absorption effects were also obtained. Single-shot measurements using 0.7mJ of laser energy were also demonstrated with a 1sigma precision of 5%. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 0010-2202 J9 COMBUST SCI TECHNOL JI Combust. Sci. Technol. PY 1993 VL 87 IS 1-6 BP 109 EP 125 DI 10.1080/00102209208947210 PG 17 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA LZ035 UT WOS:A1993LZ03500007 ER PT B AU ESPINA, PI PIOMELLI, U MATTINGLY, GE AF ESPINA, PI PIOMELLI, U MATTINGLY, GE BE Madan, DS Anderson, IE Frazier, WE Kumar, P McKinpson, MG TI A NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE COMPRESSIBLE FLOW-FIELD PRODUCED IN AN ANNULAR JET, CLOSE-COUPLED, GAS METAL ATOMIZER SO COMPUTATIONAL & NUMERICAL TECHNIQUES IN POWDER METALLURGY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Computational and Numerical Techniques in Powder Metallurgy, held during the ASM-TMS Materials Week CY NOV 01-05, 1992 CL CHICAGO, IL SP MINERALS MET & MAT SOC, PWDER MET COMM, MINERALS MET & MAT SOC, SYNTHESIS & ANAL MAT PROC COMM C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 BN 0-87339-201-9 PY 1993 BP 41 EP 53 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BZ48N UT WOS:A1993BZ48N00004 ER PT B AU RUMBLE, J AF RUMBLE, J BE Doyama, M Kihara, J Tanaka, M Yamamoto, R TI MATERIALS DATA FOR COMPUTER-ASSISTED ENGINEERING SO COMPUTER AIDED INNOVATION OF NEW MATERIALS II, PTS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference and Exhibition on Computer Applications to Materials and Molecular Science and Engineering - CAMSE 92 CY SEP 22-25, 1992 CL YOKOHAMA, JAPAN SP NIKKAN KOGYO SHIMBUN LTD, ATOM ENERGY SOC JAPAN, CATALYSIS SOC JAPAN, CHEM & BIOL INFORMAT ASSOC, JAPAN ASSOC ZEOLITE, JAPAN CHEM IND ASSOC, JAPAN SOC IND & APPL MATH, JAPAN SOC SIMULAT TECHNOL UNION JAPANESE SCIENTISTS & ENGINEERS, JAPAN SOC HIGH PRESSURE SCI & TECHNOL, JAPAN WELDING SOC, ASSOC PROGRESS NEW CHEM, CERAM SOC JAPAN, CHEM SOC JAPAN, INST ELECTR INFORMAT & COMMUN ENGINEERS, IRON & STEEL INST JAPAN, JAPANESE BIOCH SOC, JAPANESE SOC NON DESTRUCT INSPECT, JAPAN FOUNDRYMENS SOC, JAPAN INST LIGHT MET, JAPAN INST MET, JAPAN PETR INST, JAPAN SOC AERONAUT & SPACE SCI, JAPAN SOC ANAL CHEM, JAPAN SOC TECHNOL PLASTIC, JAPAN SOC APPL PHYS, JAPAN SOC MECH ENGINEERS, PHYS SOC JAPAN, PROTEIN ENGN SOC JAPAN, SOC CHEM ENGINEERS JAPAN, SOC MAT SCI JAPAN, SOC POLYM SCI JAPAN, SOC SYNTH ORGAN CHEM JAPAN, SURFACE FINISHING SOC JAPAN C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBL B V PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-444-89778-X PY 1993 BP 53 EP 57 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Computer Science; Materials Science GA BZ56G UT WOS:A1993BZ56G00010 ER PT B AU BAUM, HR AF BAUM, HR BE Nakayama, W Yang, KT TI SIMULATION OF CONVECTION AND COMBUSTION PROCESSES IN FIRES SO COMPUTERS AND COMPUTING IN HEAT TRANSFER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Japan/US Science Seminar: Computers and Computing in Heat Transfer Science and Engineering CY OCT 20-25, 1991 CL OISO, JAPAN SP JAPAN SOC PROMOT SCI, US NAT SCI FDN, KANAGAWA ACAD SCI & TECHNOL C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BLDG & FIRE RES LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS INC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 BN 0-8493-9935-1 PY 1993 BP 207 EP 228 PG 22 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Mechanical SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BA83D UT WOS:A1993BA83D00012 ER PT B AU CRONE, LJ CROSBY, DS AF CRONE, LJ CROSBY, DS BE Tarter, ME Lock, MD TI STATISTICAL APPLICATIONS OF A METRIC ON SUBSPACES TO SATELLITE METEOROLOGY SO COMPUTING SCIENCE AND STATISTICS, VOL 25: STATISTICAL APPLICATIONS OF EXPANDING COMPUTER CAPABILITIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 25th Symposium on the Interface of Computing Science and Statistics - Statistical Applications of Expanding Computer Capabilities CY APR 14-17, 1993 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP INTERFACE FDN N AMER, NATL SECUR AGCY, NIH, SAS INST C1 NOAA,NESDIS,SATELLITE RES LAB,CAMP SPRINGS,MD 20746. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERFACE FOUNDATION NORTH AMERICA PI FAIRFAX PA PO BOX 7460, FAIRFAX, VA 22039-7460 PY 1993 BP 213 EP 216 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Statistics & Probability SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA BB70B UT WOS:A1993BB70B00032 ER PT B AU BUTLER, EP FULLER, ER AF BUTLER, EP FULLER, ER BE Lin, RY Fishman, SG TI ASSESSMENT OF THE FRACTURE-RESISTANCE FOR FIBER-REINFORCED CERAMICS - COMBINED MICROMECHANICAL AND MACRO-MECHANICAL APPROACH SO CONTROL OF INTERFACES IN METAL AND CERAMICS COMPOSITES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Control of Interfaces in Metal and Ceramics Composites, held at the 1994 TMS Annual Meeting CY FEB 27-MAR 03, 1994 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP TMS, PROC FUNDAMENTALS COMM, TMS, COMPOSITE COMM C1 NIST,DIV CERAM,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 BN 0-87339-259-0 PY 1993 BP 135 EP 148 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA BZ87K UT WOS:A1993BZ87K00009 ER PT J AU SONI, KK WILLIAMS, DB NEWBURY, DE CHI, P DOWNING, RG LAMAZA, G AF SONI, KK WILLIAMS, DB NEWBURY, DE CHI, P DOWNING, RG LAMAZA, G TI DEPTH DISTRIBUTION OF LITHIUM IN OXIDIZED BINARY AL-LI ALLOYS DETERMINED BY SECONDARY ION MASS-SPECTROMETRY AND NEUTRON DEPTH PROFILING SO CORROSION LA English DT Article DE AL-LI ALLOYS; OXIDATION; NEUTRON DEPTH PROFILING; SECONDARY ION MASS SPECTROMETRY ID OXIDATION; ALUMINUM; TEMPERATURE; DEPLETION AB Oxidation of binary Al-Li alloys during short exposures at 530-degrees-C and long exposures at 200-degrees-C was studied with regard to the Li distribution. Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and neutron depth profiling (NDP) were used to obtain quantitative Li depth profiles across the surface oxide layer and the underlying alloy. The underlying alloy was depleted in Li as a result of oxidation at 530 and 200-degrees-C. The SIMS and NDP results showed good mutual agreement and were used to evaluate the oxide thickness, the Li concentration at the oxide-alloy interface, and the mass balance between oxide and alloy. The Li depletion profiles in the alloy were also calculated using the interdiffusion coefficients reported in the literature and compared with the measured profiles; the two profiles differed at 530-degrees-C but showed good agreement at 200-degrees-C. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,CTR ANALYT CHEM,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. LEHIGH UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,BETHLEHEM,PA 18015. RP SONI, KK (reprint author), UNIV CHICAGO,ENRICO FERMI INST,5640 ELLIS AVE,CHICAGO,IL 60637, USA. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU NATL ASSN CORROSION ENG PI HOUSTON PA 1440 SOUTH CREEK DRIVE, HOUSTON, TX 77084-4906 SN 0010-9312 J9 CORROSION JI Corrosion PD JAN PY 1993 VL 49 IS 1 BP 31 EP 41 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA KK460 UT WOS:A1993KK46000005 ER PT J AU GOLDFARB, RB CROSS, RW GOODRICH, LF BERGREN, NF AF GOLDFARB, RB CROSS, RW GOODRICH, LF BERGREN, NF TI MAGNETIC MEASUREMENT OF TRANSPORT CRITICAL CURRENT-DENSITY OF GRANULAR SUPERCONDUCTORS SO CRYOGENICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON CRITICAL CURRENTS IN HIGH T(C) SUPERCONDUCTORS CY APR 22-24, 1992 CL VIENNA, AUSTRIA DE CRITICAL CURRENTS; GRANULARITY; HIGH TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS ID HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS; CRITICAL-STATE MODEL; DISK-SHAPED SUPERCONDUCTORS; CU-O SUPERCONDUCTORS; II SUPERCONDUCTORS; AC SUSCEPTIBILITY; FLUX CREEP; FIELDS AB We describe two magnetic techniques that may be used to determine the transport critical current density J(ct) of granular superconductors by measuring the intergranular magnetization of a sample. In the first method, magnetization critical current density J(cm) is used to estimate J(ct) by isolating the intergranular magnetization and applying the critical state model. In the second method, magnetic detection is used to measure J(ct) directly: intergranular magnetization hysteresis loops are obtained while increasing a transport current through a sample. The critical current density J(ct) is that value of transport current density which causes the intergranular magnetization to collapse at a given magnetic field and temperature. Both methods give values of J(ct) in fair agreement with values obtained from conventional transport measurements of J(ct). Magnetization was measured with both extraction and Hall probe magnetometers. RP GOLDFARB, RB (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV ELECTROMAGNET TECHNOL,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. RI Goldfarb, Ronald/A-5493-2011 OI Goldfarb, Ronald/0000-0002-1942-7974 NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 4 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0011-2275 J9 CRYOGENICS JI Cryogenics PY 1993 VL 33 IS 1 BP 3 EP 7 DI 10.1016/0011-2275(93)90067-X PG 5 WC Thermodynamics; Physics, Applied SC Thermodynamics; Physics GA KF752 UT WOS:A1993KF75200001 ER PT J AU FRANCAVILLA, TL MENG, RL HOR, P CHU, CW EKIN, JW LIEBENBERG, DH AF FRANCAVILLA, TL MENG, RL HOR, P CHU, CW EKIN, JW LIEBENBERG, DH TI MAGNETIC-FIELD DEPENDENCE OF DC CRITICAL CURRENT FOR LARGE SAMPLES OF TEXTURED BULK Y-BA-CU-O SO CRYOGENICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT CONF ON CRITICAL CURRENTS IN HIGH T(C) SUPERCONDUCTORS CY APR 22-24, 1992 CL VIENNA, AUSTRIA DE CRITICAL CURRENTS; MAGNETIC FIELDS; Y-BA-CU-O ID TRANSPORT CRITICAL CURRENT; HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS; CURRENT-DENSITY; WEAK-LINK; ANISOTROPY AB Large samples of textured Y-Ba-Cu-0 were prepared at the Texas Center for Superconductivity using a continuous process. These were cut into a rectangular shape with typical dimensions 4.0 cm x 0.5 cm x 0.25 cm. The large physical size of these samples and their ability to carry high currents particularly in zero magnetic field required low resistance contacts to avoid Joule heating at the sample current-electrode interface. Accordingly, low resistance metal contact pads for current and voltage electrodes were applied at NIST Boulder, using a sputter etch, sputter deposition, thermal evaporation and oxygen anneal procedure. Transport critical current density measurements at 77 K, and in magnetic fields up to 6 T were performed at NRL. A holder was designed to hold the samples securely in such a way that would allow for contraction during cool-down and to support them against the anticipated large Lorentz forces. The highest critical current measured with no external field was 393 A. This corresponds to a critical current density of 1871 A cm-2. At 1 T, these values decreased to 229 A or 1090 A cm-2. These critical current values, found in material that was fabricated using a technique capable of being scaled up for larger sizes, demonstrate a potential usefulness in large scale applications. C1 UNIV HOUSTON,TEXAS CTR SUPERCONDUCT,HOUSTON,TX 77204. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BOULDER,CO 80303. US OFF NAVAL RES,ARLINGTON,VA 22217. RP FRANCAVILLA, TL (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,4555 OVERLOOK AVE SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0011-2275 J9 CRYOGENICS JI Cryogenics PY 1993 VL 33 IS 3 BP 256 EP 260 DI 10.1016/0011-2275(93)90041-L PG 5 WC Thermodynamics; Physics, Applied SC Thermodynamics; Physics GA KP312 UT WOS:A1993KP31200005 ER PT J AU BERGAMASCO, A MALANOTTERIZZOLI, P THACKER, WC LONG, RB AF BERGAMASCO, A MALANOTTERIZZOLI, P THACKER, WC LONG, RB TI THE SEASONAL STEADY CIRCULATION OF THE EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN DETERMINED WITH THE ADJOINT METHOD SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID EQUATIONS; MODELS; SEA AB In this paper we use a rather unconventional approach to determine the steady seasonal circulation of the Eastern Mediterranean. Traditional calculations rely either on prognostic models spun-up with different forcing functions or on inverse methods having rather simple dynamics. In the present applications one of the most sophisticated inverse techniques, the adjoint method of control theory, is used to find the model state that is optimally consistent with the model dynamics, with a prescribed climatology and is steady in time. The model used is the GFDL primitive equation model in its fully time-dependent non-linear version forced by seasonal wind-stress fields that are kept steady for each calculation. The prescribed climatology consists of the seasonal hydrographies of the temperature and salinity fields. Steadiness upon the seasonal time scale is required as a term in the cost function of the adjoint that penalizes the tendencies of the prognostic variables. This use of the adjoint method reconstructs the steady seasonal wind-driven circulation in an ocean with a prescribed baroclinic structure. As such, it is equivalent to a prognostic spin-up calculation with steady winds and the robust diagnostic applied. i.e. adding a term that relaxes the temperature and salinity fields to the seasonal climatologies with a time constant of 3 months. To assess the ''success'' of these calculations, the success of the inversion must be quantified. The examination of the final data misfits and steady state residuals shows that steady state has indeed been reached. The steady-state residuals are always much smaller than the data misfits and both of them are always small, well below the one standard deviation value for each field. Thus, we can assess that a meaningful solution has indeed been attained. To assess further if these solutions are reasonable, we have carried out for comparison robust diagnostic calculations with a time constant of 3 months. The circulations thus obtained are extremely similar to the adjoint solutions in reproducing the overall patterns as well as the individual sub-basin scale gyres and interconnecting currents and meandering jets. The circulations obtained with the two approaches are also equally strong. However, both the adjoint and the robust diagnostic results produce an overall barotropic transport that is one order of magnitude bigger than that observed. They also both show anomalously strong vortex structures in regions of sharp topographic breaks connecting the deep interior to the shelves, for which no observational evidence is available. These unrealistic features can be explained by taking into account that with the short time scale of 3 months used in both approaches biased solutions may be obtained. These biases are due to inconsistencies between the rough topography used and the smooth climatologies, that lead to a misrepresentation of the important JEBAR effect. This explanation is supported by a further robust diagnostic calculation in which the time constant is increased in the deep layers that gives a circulation intensity much more realistic. C1 MIT,DEPT EARTH ATMOSPHER & PLANETARY SCI,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. NOAA,ATMOSPHER & OCEAN MARINE LAB,MIAMI,FL 33149. RP BERGAMASCO, A (reprint author), CNR,IST STUDIO DINAM GRANDI MASSE,VENICE,ITALY. RI Thacker, Carlisle/I-3813-2013 OI Thacker, Carlisle/0000-0002-9285-8826 NR 20 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0967-0645 J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr. PY 1993 VL 40 IS 6 BP 1269 EP 1298 DI 10.1016/0967-0645(93)90070-4 PG 30 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA MX353 UT WOS:A1993MX35300008 ER PT J AU MIYAZAKI, K HORIBE, T ANTONUCCI, JM TAKAGI, S CHOW, LC AF MIYAZAKI, K HORIBE, T ANTONUCCI, JM TAKAGI, S CHOW, LC TI POLYMERIC CALCIUM-PHOSPHATE CEMENTS - ANALYSIS OF REACTION-PRODUCTS AND PROPERTIES SO DENTAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID BONE AB Chemical and mechanical properties of water-based polymeric calcium phosphate cements (PCPC) were investigated. These cements were derived from mixing several types of water-soluble polymers, e.g., gelatin, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), and poly(alkenoic acids) such as poly(acrylic acid), with a calcium phosphate cement (CPC) mixture consisting of equimolar amounts of tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP) and anhydrous dicalcium phosphate (DCPA) as well as several other TTCP-containing mixtures. Cement formation was observed with all of the PCPCs. With the gelatin and PVA cements, significant amounts of hydroxyapatite (HA) formation were observed within 24h. Their setting times and mechanical properties were similar to those of the purely inorganic CPC that is derived from the reaction of TTCP and DCPA in water. Although the mechanical properties of a gelatin-CPC cement were only slightly improved, its handling characteristics were superior to that of CPC. Significantly faster setting and stronger cements were obtained using polycarboxylic acid polymers with CPC. However, only small amounts of HA were observed in these types of polymeric cements even after 1 mon storage in distilled water at 37-degrees-C. This research demonstrates the feasibility of preparing several new types of dental cements based on the interaction of water-soluble polymers with a self-setting calcium phosphate powder mixture. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV POLYMERS,DENT & MED MAT GRP,GAITHERSBURG,MD. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,AMER DENT ASSOC HLTH FDN,PAFFENBARGAR RES CTR,DIV POLYMERS,GAITHERSBURG,MD. RP MIYAZAKI, K (reprint author), FUKUOKA DENT COLL,DEPT DENT MAT & DEVICES,FUKUOKA 814,JAPAN. FU NIDCR NIH HHS [2Y01-DE30001-08, DE09322] NR 17 TC 54 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 14 PU ACAD DENTAL MATERIALS PI DALLAS PA BAYLOR COLLEGE DENTISTRY, 3302 GASTON AVE, DALLAS, TX 75266-0677 SN 0109-5641 J9 DENT MATER JI Dent. Mater. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 9 IS 1 BP 41 EP 45 DI 10.1016/0109-5641(93)90104-X PG 5 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Materials Science GA LJ715 UT WOS:A1993LJ71500010 PM 8299869 ER PT J AU MIYAZAKI, K HORIBE, T ANTONUCCI, JM TAKAGI, S CHOW, LC AF MIYAZAKI, K HORIBE, T ANTONUCCI, JM TAKAGI, S CHOW, LC TI POLYMERIC CALCIUM-PHOSPHATE CEMENTS - SETTING REACTION MODIFIERS SO DENTAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID BONE TISSUE; BEHAVIOR AB In this study, the effects of several additives on the setting behavior and mechanical properties of polymeric calcium phosphate cements were investigated. The cements were derived from a polycarboxylic acid (PCA) and a calcium phosphate cement (CPC) powder that consisted of equimolar amounts of tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP) and dicalcium phosphate (DCPA). Retardation of the setting reaction in the PCA-CPC cements was observed by adding tribasic sodium phosphate and fluorides such as stannous fluoride, zirconium(IV) fluoride and titanium(IV) fluoride. It was found that increasing the concentration of these additives decreased the mechanical strength of the cements. However, improvements in both setting and mechanical properties for the PCA-CPC cements were observed by the combined use of 8% (w/w) stannous fluoride and 10% (w/w) tartaric acid. The mechanical properties of the PCA-CPC cement also were improved by adding calcium acetate, calcium methacrylate, zirconium(IV) sulfate and phosphonoacetic acid. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV POLYMERS,DENT & MED MAT GRP,GAITHERSBURG,MD. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,AMER DENT ASSOC HLTH FDN,PAFFENBARGER RES CTR,DIV POLYMERS,GAITHERSBURG,MD. RP MIYAZAKI, K (reprint author), FUKUOKA DENT COLL,DEPT DENT MAT & DEVICES,FUKUOKA 814,JAPAN. FU NIDCR NIH HHS [DE09322, 2Y01-DE30001-08] NR 18 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 6 PU ACAD DENTAL MATERIALS PI DALLAS PA BAYLOR COLLEGE DENTISTRY, 3302 GASTON AVE, DALLAS, TX 75266-0677 SN 0109-5641 J9 DENT MATER JI Dent. Mater. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 9 IS 1 BP 46 EP 50 DI 10.1016/0109-5641(93)90105-Y PG 5 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Materials Science GA LJ715 UT WOS:A1993LJ71500011 PM 8299870 ER PT B AU BATES, TS BLOMQUIST, BW BUCK, KR CHAVEZ, FP CUHEL, RL KIENE, RP MATRAI, PA WOLFE, GV AF BATES, TS BLOMQUIST, BW BUCK, KR CHAVEZ, FP CUHEL, RL KIENE, RP MATRAI, PA WOLFE, GV BE Restelli, G Angeletti, G TI THE CYCLING OF SULFUR IN SURFACE SEAWATER DURING PSI-3 SO DIMETHYLSULFIDE: OCEANS, ATMOSPHERE AND CLIMATE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Dimethylsulphide: Oceans, Atmosphere and Climate CY OCT 13-15, 1992 CL BELGIRATE, ITALY SP COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, DANISH CTR ATMOSPHER RES C1 NOAA,PACIFIC MARINE ENVIRONM LAB,SEATTLE,WA 98115. RI Bates, Timothy/L-6080-2016 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 0-7923-2490-0 PY 1993 BP 21 EP 21 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography GA BA12A UT WOS:A1993BA12A00003 ER PT B AU TURNIPSEED, AA RAVISHANKARA, AR AF TURNIPSEED, AA RAVISHANKARA, AR BE Restelli, G Angeletti, G TI THE ATMOSPHERIC OXIDATION OF DIMETHYL SULFIDE - ELEMENTARY STEPS IN A COMPLEX MECHANISM SO DIMETHYLSULFIDE: OCEANS, ATMOSPHERE AND CLIMATE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Dimethylsulphide: Oceans, Atmosphere and Climate CY OCT 13-15, 1992 CL BELGIRATE, ITALY SP COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, DANISH CTR ATMOSPHER RES C1 NOAA,AERONOMY LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303. RI Ravishankara, Akkihebbal/A-2914-2011 NR 0 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 0-7923-2490-0 PY 1993 BP 185 EP 195 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography GA BA12A UT WOS:A1993BA12A00020 ER PT B AU QUINN, PK BATES, TS COVERT, DS RAMSEYBELL, DC MCINNES, L AF QUINN, PK BATES, TS COVERT, DS RAMSEYBELL, DC MCINNES, L BE Restelli, G Angeletti, G TI RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN DMS-DERIVED PARTICULATE MASS, PARTICLE SURFACE-AREA, AND CN AND CCN NUMBER CONCENTRATIONS SO DIMETHYLSULFIDE: OCEANS, ATMOSPHERE AND CLIMATE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Dimethylsulphide: Oceans, Atmosphere and Climate CY OCT 13-15, 1992 CL BELGIRATE, ITALY SP COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, DANISH CTR ATMOSPHER RES C1 NOAA,PMEL,SEATTLE,WA 98115. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 0-7923-2490-0 PY 1993 BP 331 EP 331 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography GA BA12A UT WOS:A1993BA12A00035 ER PT S AU BOOTH, AL MAIDEN, ME AF BOOTH, AL MAIDEN, ME BE Zygielbaum, A TI PATHFINDER DATA SETS SO EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE INFORMATION SYSTEMS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Space Year Conference on Earth and Space Science Information Systems CY FEB 10-13, 1992 CL PASADENA, CA C1 NOAA,NESDIS,WASHINGTON,DC 20233. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AIP PRESS PI WOODBURY PA AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS 500 SUNNYSIDE BOULEVARD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-094-X J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 1993 IS 283 BP 29 EP 33 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Remote Sensing GA BA05N UT WOS:A1993BA05N00010 ER PT S AU CARROLL, T BORDERS, S GUBEREK, M AF CARROLL, T BORDERS, S GUBEREK, M BE Zygielbaum, A TI A NATIONAL OPERATIONAL SYSTEM FOR REMOTE-SENSING OF SNOW COVER SO EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE INFORMATION SYSTEMS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Space Year Conference on Earth and Space Science Information Systems CY FEB 10-13, 1992 CL PASADENA, CA C1 NATL WEATHER SERV,NATL OPERAT HYDROL REMOTE SENSING CTR,MINNEAPOLIS,MN. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AIP PRESS PI WOODBURY PA AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS 500 SUNNYSIDE BOULEVARD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-094-X J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 1993 IS 283 BP 46 EP 46 PG 1 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Remote Sensing GA BA05N UT WOS:A1993BA05N00012 ER PT S AU HUFFORD, GL BORDERS, SE MASSE, SC AF HUFFORD, GL BORDERS, SE MASSE, SC BE Zygielbaum, A TI AN AUTOMATED-SYSTEM FOR COLLECTING, PROCESSING, AND DISTRIBUTING POLAR ORBITER ENVIRONMENTAL DATA SO EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE INFORMATION SYSTEMS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Space Year Conference on Earth and Space Science Information Systems CY FEB 10-13, 1992 CL PASADENA, CA C1 NATL WEATHER SERV,ANCHORAGE,AK 99513. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AIP PRESS PI WOODBURY PA AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS 500 SUNNYSIDE BOULEVARD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-094-X J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 1993 IS 283 BP 166 EP 169 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Remote Sensing GA BA05N UT WOS:A1993BA05N00029 ER PT S AU KRUSE, FA LEFKOFF, AB BOARDMAN, JW HEIDEBRECHT, KB SHAPIRO, AT BARLOON, PJ GOETZ, AFH AF KRUSE, FA LEFKOFF, AB BOARDMAN, JW HEIDEBRECHT, KB SHAPIRO, AT BARLOON, PJ GOETZ, AFH BE Zygielbaum, A TI THE SPECTRAL IMAGE-PROCESSING SYSTEM (SIPS) - INTERACTIVE VISUALIZATION AND ANALYSIS OF IMAGING SPECTROMETER DATA SO EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE INFORMATION SYSTEMS SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Space Year Conference on Earth and Space Science Information Systems CY FEB 10-13, 1992 CL PASADENA, CA C1 UNIV COLORADO,NOAA,COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI,CTR STUDY EARTH FROM SPACE,BOULDER,CO 80309. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU AIP PRESS PI WOODBURY PA AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS 500 SUNNYSIDE BOULEVARD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-094-X J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 1993 IS 283 BP 192 EP 201 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Remote Sensing GA BA05N UT WOS:A1993BA05N00032 ER PT B AU BAJTLIK, S AF BAJTLIK, S BE Shull, JM Thronson, HA TI THE EVOLUTION OF THE INTERGALACTIC MEDIUM AND LYMAN-ALPHA CLOUDS - COMPARISON OF THEORIES AND OBSERVATIONS SO ENVIRONMENT AND EVOLUTION OF GALAXIES SE ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE LIBRARY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Third Tetons Summer School on the Environment and Evolution of Galaxies (Tetons III) CY JUL, 1992 CL GRAND TETON NATL PK, WY SP UNIV COLORADO, UNIV WYOMING C1 UNIV COLORADO,NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80302. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 0-7923-2541-9 J9 ASTROPHYS SPACE SC L PY 1993 VL 188 BP 191 EP 212 PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BZ72F UT WOS:A1993BZ72F00013 ER PT B AU BEGELMAN, MC AF BEGELMAN, MC BE Shull, JM Thronson, HA TI ENERGY INPUT FROM AGNS SO ENVIRONMENT AND EVOLUTION OF GALAXIES SE ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE LIBRARY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Third Tetons Summer School on the Environment and Evolution of Galaxies (Tetons III) CY JUL, 1992 CL GRAND TETON NATL PK, WY SP UNIV COLORADO, UNIV WYOMING DE GALAXIES, INTERGALACTIC MATTER; GALAXIES, JETS; GALAXIES, NUCLEI; GALAXIES, SEYFERT; INTERSTELLAR, MATTER; QUASARS; RADIO SOURCES, EXTENDED; HYDRODYNAMICS C1 UNIV COLORADO,NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80302. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 0-7923-2541-9 J9 ASTROPHYS SPACE SC L PY 1993 VL 188 BP 369 EP 382 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BZ72F UT WOS:A1993BZ72F00021 ER PT J AU BURKE, JS PETERS, DS HANSON, PJ AF BURKE, JS PETERS, DS HANSON, PJ TI MORPHOLOGICAL INDEXES AND OTOLITH MICROSTRUCTURE OF ATLANTIC CROAKER, MICROPOGONIAS-UNDULATUS, AS INDICATORS OF HABITAT QUALITY ALONG AN ESTUARINE POLLUTION GRADIENT SO ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES LA English DT Article DE FISH GROWTH; OTOLITH INCREMENT WIDTH; OTOLITH WEIGHT; FIN EROSION; GALVESTON BAY ID GROWTH; AGE; LARVAE; FISH AB Atlantic croaker, Micropogonias undulatus, sampled from a transect along a pollution gradient show a trend of declining growth and physical condition. This trend is apparent in the mean size of 0-group croaker, in their recent growth rate measured by marginal otolith increment widths, in longer term growth rate as indicated by relative otolith weights, and in general physical condition as measured by an index of condition of the caudal fin. We suggest that these measures are indicators of stress associated with environmental conditions. Because croaker from different positions along the pollution gradient were distinguishable, it appears that they remain for extended periods within areas of degraded environmental quality. RP BURKE, JS (reprint author), NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,SE FISHERIES SCI CTR,BEAUFORT LAB,BEAUFORT,NC 28516, USA. NR 22 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 4 U2 13 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1909 J9 ENVIRON BIOL FISH JI Environ. Biol. Fishes PD JAN PY 1993 VL 36 IS 1 BP 25 EP 33 DI 10.1007/BF00005976 PG 9 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA KJ249 UT WOS:A1993KJ24900003 ER PT J AU WALLINGTON, TJ ANDINO, JM POTTS, AR RUDY, SJ SIEGL, WO ZHANG, ZY KURYLO, MJ HULE, RE AF WALLINGTON, TJ ANDINO, JM POTTS, AR RUDY, SJ SIEGL, WO ZHANG, ZY KURYLO, MJ HULE, RE TI ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY OF AUTOMOTIVE FUEL ADDITIVES - DIISOPROPYL ETHER SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GAS-PHASE REACTIONS; TERT-BUTYL ETHER; TEMPERATURE-RANGE 240-440-K; HYDROXYL RADICALS; RATE CONSTANTS; ALIPHATIC-ALCOHOLS; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; SERIES; KINETICS; OZONE AB To quantify the atmospheric reactivity of diisopropyl ether (DIPE), we have conducted a study of the kinetics and mechanism of reaction 1: OH + DIPE - products. Kinetic measurements of reaction 1 were made using both relative (at 295 K) and absolute techniques (over the temperature range 240-440 K). Rate data from both techniques can be represented by the following: k1 = (2.2(-0.8)+1.4 X 10(-12) exp[(445 +/- 145)/T] cm3 molecule-1. At 298 K, k1 = 9.8 X 10(-12) cm3 molecule-1 s-1. The products of the simulated atmospheric oxidation of DIPE were identified using FT-IR spectroscopy, isopropyl acetate and HCHO were the main products. The atmospheric oxidation of DIPE can be represented by i-C3H7O-i-C3H7 + OH + 2NO --> HCHO + i-C3H7OC(O)CH3 + HO2 + 2NO2. Our kinetic and mechanistic data were incorporated into a 1-day simulation of atmospheric chemistry to quantify the relative incremental reactivity of DIPE. Results are compared with other oxygenated fuel additives. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV CHEM KINET & THERMODYNAM,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP WALLINGTON, TJ (reprint author), FORD MOTOR CO,POB 2053,DEARBORN,MI 48121, USA. RI Kurylo, Michael/H-2201-2012 NR 30 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 27 IS 1 BP 98 EP 104 DI 10.1021/es00038a009 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA KF272 UT WOS:A1993KF27200015 ER PT S AU MILLER, WR PELLEGRINO, JG COMAS, J AF MILLER, WR PELLEGRINO, JG COMAS, J BE Atwater, HA Chason, E Grabow, MH Lagally, MG TI INTERFACE ROUGHNESS, COMPOSITION, AND ALLOYING OF LOW-ORDER ALAS/GAAS SUPERLATTICES STUDIED BY X-RAY-DIFFRACTION SO EVOLUTION OF SURFACE AND THIN FILM MICROSTRUCTURE SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Evolution of Surface and Thin Film Microstructure, at the 1992 Fall Meeting of the Materials-Research-Society CY NOV 30-DEC 04, 1992 CL BOSTON, MA SP MAT RES SOC, ASTEX INC, BLAKE IND, THERMIONICS INC C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MCKNIGHT RD, SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0272-9172 BN 1-558-99175-1 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 1993 VL 280 BP 265 EP 270 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA BZ48T UT WOS:A1993BZ48T00038 ER PT B AU MILLY, PCD AF MILLY, PCD BE Bolle, HJ Feddes, RA Kalma, JD TI SENSITIVITY OF THE GLOBAL WATER CYCLE TO THE WATER-HOLDING CAPACITY OF SOILS SO EXCHANGE PROCESSES AT THE LAND SURFACE FOR A RANGE OF SPACE AND TIME SCALES SE IAHS PUBLICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Exchange Processes at the Land Surface for a Range of Space and Time Scales CY JUL 13-16, 1993 CL YOKOHAMA, JAPAN SP INT ASSOC HYDROL SCI, INT ASSOC METEOROL & ATMOSPHER PHYS, UNESCO C1 US GEOL SURVEY,NOAA,GEOPHYS FLUID DYNAM LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08542. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT ASSOC HYDROLOGICAL SCIENCES PI WALLINGFORD PA INST OF HYDROLOGY, WALLINGFORD, ENGLAND OX10 8BB BN 0-947571-53-1 J9 IAHS-AISH P PY 1993 IS 212 BP 495 EP 501 PG 7 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA BB28F UT WOS:A1993BB28F00059 ER PT J AU Kedzierski, MA Worthington, JL AF Kedzierski, M. A. Worthington, J. L., III TI DESIGN AND MACHINING OF COPPER SPECIMENS WITH MICRO HOLES FOR ACCURATE HEAT TRANSFER MEASUREMENTS SO EXPERIMENTAL HEAT TRANSFER LA English DT Article AB This article presents a technique that has been developed specifically for drilling 0.5334-mm-diameter, 19-mm-deep holes in copper for use in temperature measurement. The holes accept thermocouples, which are used for the measurement of the temperature gradient and the wall temperature of the specimen. Errors due to the intrusion of the probe, and the finite size and mass of the probe, are reduced as the diameter of the probes is reduced. A machining procedure for drilling deep micro holes in copper cannot be found in conventional texts; this article advocates holes that are deeper than those traditionally recommended. This article is written for both machinists and experimentalists. Both heat transfer and machining criteria are considered. The necessary equipment and their specifications are discussed. Special attention is given to specifying drilling speeds, feed rates, and lubricants. Step-by-step drilling instructions are given. An analysis is performed to reveal the important parameters for reducing the errors associated with the uncertainty in the location, the relative position of the thermocouples, and the individual temperature measurements. C1 [Kedzierski, M. A.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Bldg & Fire Res Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Worthington, J. L., III] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Mfg Engn Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Kedzierski, MA (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Bldg & Fire Res Lab, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. FU NIST [DE-AI01-91CE23808]; DOE [DE-AI01-91CE23808]; EPRI [RP 8006-2] FX This work was funded jointly by NIST and DOE DE-AI01-91CE23808 under Project Manager Terry G. Statt. Additional funding was provided by EPRI RP 8006-2 under Project Manager Jong Kim. The authors would like to thank Jeff Kelley for the helpful machining-technique guidance that he provided. The authors would also like to thank C. Brooks, G. Coyle, G. Leatherman, H. Nquyen, B. Pries, and G. Thompson for their machining abilities. Furthermore, the authors extend their appreciation to E. Lagergren for his consultations on the uncertainty analysis, and to J. Land for her editing support. NR 11 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0891-6152 J9 EXP HEAT TRANSFER JI Exp. Heat Transf. PY 1993 VL 6 IS 4 BP 329 EP 344 PG 16 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA V14SH UT WOS:000207753600002 ER PT B AU TOLLERUD, EI COLLANDER, RS AF TOLLERUD, EI COLLANDER, RS BE Kundzewicz, ZW Rosbjerg, D Simonovic, SP Takeuchi, K TI MESOSCALE CONVECTIVE SYSTEMS AND EXTREME RAINFALL IN THE CENTRAL UNITED-STATES SO EXTREME HYDROLOGICAL EVENTS: PRECIPITATION, FLOODS AND DROUGHTS SE IAHS PUBLICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Extreme Hydrological Events: Precipitation, Floods and Droughts CY JUL 20-23, 1993 CL YOKOHAMA, JAPAN SP INT ASSOC HYDROL SCI, INT ASSOC METEOROL & ATMOSPHER PHYS, UNESCO C1 NOAA,FORECAST SYST LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ASSOC HYDROLOGICAL SCIENCES PI WALLINGFORD PA INST OF HYDROLOGY, WALLINGFORD, ENGLAND OX10 8BB BN 0-947571-58-2 J9 IAHS-AISH P PY 1993 IS 213 BP 11 EP 19 PG 9 WC Engineering, Civil; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA BB28G UT WOS:A1993BB28G00002 ER PT J AU POLANYI, JC EWING, GE HARRIS, A HEIDBERG, J STOLTE, S ZEIRI, Y IANNOTTA, S CHESTERS, MA CAVANAGH, RR KING, DA ZACHARIAS, H SIMONS, JP TETENYI, P DIXONWARREN, SJ MURATA, Y PFAB, J RENGER, M RUBAHN, HG NING, C ASSCHER, M PALMER, RE KOSLOFF, R AUERBACH, DJ BILLING, GD PAYNE, MC HARRIS, J BOURGUIGNON, B ROCCA, M HODGSON, A LUNTZ, AC DARLING, GR HOLLOWAY, S KLEYN, AW GROSS, A ROBERTS, MW AF POLANYI, JC EWING, GE HARRIS, A HEIDBERG, J STOLTE, S ZEIRI, Y IANNOTTA, S CHESTERS, MA CAVANAGH, RR KING, DA ZACHARIAS, H SIMONS, JP TETENYI, P DIXONWARREN, SJ MURATA, Y PFAB, J RENGER, M RUBAHN, HG NING, C ASSCHER, M PALMER, RE KOSLOFF, R AUERBACH, DJ BILLING, GD PAYNE, MC HARRIS, J BOURGUIGNON, B ROCCA, M HODGSON, A LUNTZ, AC DARLING, GR HOLLOWAY, S KLEYN, AW GROSS, A ROBERTS, MW TI GENERAL DISCUSSION SO FARADAY DISCUSSIONS LA English DT Discussion ID LIOUVILLE-VONNEUMANN EQUATION; CHARGE-TRANSFER DISSOCIATION; DRIVEN SURFACE-REACTIONS; ION-MOLECULE REACTIONS; ADSORBED MOLECULES; METAL-SURFACES; ULTRAVIOLET PHOTODISSOCIATION; VANDERWAALS COMPLEXES; INDUCED DESORPTION; IMPACT ENERGIES C1 INDIANA UNIV, BLOOMINGTON, IN 47401 USA. AT&T BELL LABS, MURRAY HILL, NJ 07974 USA. UNIV HANNOVER, W-3000 HANNOVER, GERMANY. FREE UNIV AMSTERDAM, 1007 MC AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. NUCL RES CTR NEGEV, IL-84190 BEER SHEVA, ISRAEL. UNIV HANNOVER, W-3000 HANNOVER, GERMANY. FREE UNIV AMSTERDAM, 1007 MC AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. CNR, RES CTR, TRENT, ITALY. UNIV NOTTINGHAM, NOTTINGHAM NG7 2RD, ENGLAND. NIST, GAITHERSBURG, MD USA. UNIV CAMBRIDGE, CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND. UNIV ESSEN GESAMTHSCH, W-4300 ESSEN 1, GERMANY. UNIV OXFORD, OXFORD, ENGLAND. INST ISOTOPES, BUDAPEST, HUNGARY. UNIV CAMBRIDGE, CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND. UNIV TOKYO, TOKYO 113, JAPAN. HERIOT WATT UNIV, EDINBURGH EH1 1HX, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND. MAX PLANCK INST, GOTTINGEN, GERMANY. HEBREW UNIV JERUSALEM, JERUSALEM, ISRAEL. IBM CORP, RES CTR, SAN JOSE, CA 95114 USA. UNIV COPENHAGEN, DK-1168 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK. FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JULICH, IFF, W-5170 JULICH 1, GERMANY. CNRS, F-91405 ORSAY, FRANCE. UNIV GENOA, I-16126 GENOA, ITALY. UNIV LIVERPOOL, LIVERPOOL L69 3BX, ENGLAND. FOM, 1098 SJ AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. TECH UNIV MUNICH, W-8000 MUNICH 2, GERMANY. UNIV WALES COLL CARDIFF, CARDIFF CF1 1XL, S GLAM, WALES. RP POLANYI, JC (reprint author), UNIV TORONTO, TORONTO M5S 1A1, ONTARIO, CANADA. RI Iannotta, Salvatore/O-9889-2015; Palmer, Richard/A-5366-2008; Kosloff, Ronnie/D-2388-2013; zeiri, yehuda/F-3956-2012; Gross, Axel/B-4023-2014; Auerbach, Daniel/J-7109-2014 OI Iannotta, Salvatore/0000-0001-7743-1317; Palmer, Richard/0000-0001-8728-8083; Kosloff, Ronnie/0000-0001-6201-2523; Gross, Axel/0000-0003-4037-7331; Auerbach, Daniel/0000-0001-9494-3066 NR 68 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1364-5498 J9 FARADAY DISCUSS JI Faraday Discuss. PY 1993 VL 96 BP 189 EP 215 DI 10.1039/fd9939600189 PG 27 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA NT540 UT WOS:A1993NT54000014 ER PT J AU CAVANAGH, RR GERMER, TA HEILWEIL, EJ STEPHENSON, JC AF CAVANAGH, RR GERMER, TA HEILWEIL, EJ STEPHENSON, JC TI TIME-RESOLVED MEASUREMENTS OF SUBSTRATE TO ADSORBATE ENERGY-TRANSFER SO FARADAY DISCUSSIONS LA English DT Article ID TRANSIENT INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; FEMTOSECOND LASER-PULSES; CO; DESORPTION; SURFACE; RELAXATION; DYNAMICS; METALS; VIBRATION; PHOTODESORPTION AB The use of ultrafast infrared pulses to characterize the transient response of visible and ultraviolet pulse-excited CO/Pt(111) is described. A 15 200 cm-1 (1.9 eV) pump pulse of 1.0 ps duration and incident energy density of ca. 16 mJ cm-2 excites electron-hole pairs in the platinum. The accompanying transient response leads to an overall heating of the system, as revealed by a decrease in infrared reflectivity of the platinum and a shift to lower frequency of the 2106 cm-1 CO-stretching mode. Unlike the transient response observed for resonant infrared pumping of the CO stretch, the shift associated with visible pumping persists for over 50 ps and is believed to reflect activation of the 60 cm-1 frustrated CO-translation mode which is anharmonically coupled to the CO stretch. By using a density matrix formalism for the IR response to the pump-induced CO(v = 0 --> 1) frequency shift, and incorporating a three-temperature model for the CO/Pt(111) surface (T(e), T(lat), and T(ads)), fitting of the measured spectral response as a function of time-delay places limits on the timescale for energy transfer from the substrate to the adsorbed CO. Similar results were obtained with 34 612 cm-1 (4.3 eV) pump pulses of < 1.2 ps duration. RP CAVANAGH, RR (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. NR 36 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 5 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE, CAMBS, ENGLAND CB4 4WF SN 0301-7249 J9 FARADAY DISCUSS JI Faraday Discuss. PY 1993 VL 96 BP 235 EP 243 DI 10.1039/fd9939600235 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA NT540 UT WOS:A1993NT54000017 ER PT J AU UZER, T HARRIS, A HEIDBERG, J KLEYN, AW CAVANAGH, RR EWING, GE URENA, G STOLTE, S DIXONWARREN, SJ IANNOTTA, S KOLASINSKI, KW KING, DA KUNIMORI, K MCCAFFERY, AJ SIMONS, JP KOSLOFF, R AUERBACH, DJ ZACHARIAS, H RIELEY, H BOURGUIGNON, B HOPKINSON, A BRIVIO, GP HASSELBRINK, E ASSCHER, M BILLING, GD HARRIS, J AF UZER, T HARRIS, A HEIDBERG, J KLEYN, AW CAVANAGH, RR EWING, GE URENA, G STOLTE, S DIXONWARREN, SJ IANNOTTA, S KOLASINSKI, KW KING, DA KUNIMORI, K MCCAFFERY, AJ SIMONS, JP KOSLOFF, R AUERBACH, DJ ZACHARIAS, H RIELEY, H BOURGUIGNON, B HOPKINSON, A BRIVIO, GP HASSELBRINK, E ASSCHER, M BILLING, GD HARRIS, J TI GENERAL DISCUSSION SO FARADAY DISCUSSIONS LA English DT Discussion ID VIBRATIONALLY EXCITED ADSORBATES; INFRARED CHEMILUMINESCENCE; MOLECULAR-BEAM; CLASSICAL DYNAMICS; CO OXIDATION; SURFACE; RELAXATION; SCATTERING; DESORPTION; PT(111) C1 AT&T BELL LABS, MURRAY HILL, NJ 07974 USA. UNIV HANNOVER, W-3000 HANNOVER, GERMANY. FOM, 1098 SJ AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. NIST, GAITHERSBURG, MD USA. INDIANA UNIV, BLOOMINGTON, IN 47401 USA. UNIV COMPLUTENSE MADRID, MADRID 3, SPAIN. FREE UNIV AMSTERDAM, 1007 MC AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. UNIV CAMBRIDGE, CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND. CNR, RES CTR, TRENT, ITALY. FRITZ HABER INST, BERLIN, GERMANY. UNIV CAMBRIDGE, CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND. UNIV TSUKUBA, TSUKUBA, IBARAKI 30031, JAPAN. UNIV SUSSEX, BRIGHTON BN1 9RH, E SUSSEX, ENGLAND. UNIV OXFORD, OXFORD, ENGLAND. HEBREW UNIV JERUSALEM, JERUSALEM, ISRAEL. IBM CORP, RES CTR, SAN JOSE, CA 95114 USA. UNIV ESSEN GESAMTHSCH, W-4300 ESSEN 1, GERMANY. UNIV LIVERPOOL, LIVERPOOL L69 3BX, ENGLAND. CNRS, F-91405 ORSAY, FRANCE. IBM CORP, RES CTR, SAN JOSE, CA 95114 USA. UNIV MILAN, I-20122 MILAN, ITALY. FRITZ HABER INST, BERLIN, GERMANY. HEBREW UNIV JERUSALEM, JERUSALEM, ISRAEL. UNIV COPENHAGEN, DK-1168 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK. FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JULICH, IFF, W-5170 JULICH 1, GERMANY. RP UZER, T (reprint author), GEORGIA INST TECHNOL, ATLANTA, GA 30332 USA. RI Hasselbrink, Eckart /C-1933-2009; Auerbach, Daniel/J-7109-2014; Iannotta, Salvatore/O-9889-2015; Kolasinski, Kurt/A-3342-2008 OI Hasselbrink, Eckart /0000-0002-9374-2868; Auerbach, Daniel/0000-0001-9494-3066; Iannotta, Salvatore/0000-0001-7743-1317; Kolasinski, Kurt/0000-0002-9469-2700 NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1359-6640 EI 1364-5498 J9 FARADAY DISCUSS JI Faraday Discuss. PY 1993 VL 96 BP 277 EP 295 DI 10.1039/fd9939600277 PG 19 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA NT540 UT WOS:A1993NT54000021 ER PT J AU Gehring, PM Chou, H Shapiro, SM Hriljac, JA Chen, DH Toulouse, J Rytz, D Boatner, LA AF Gehring, P. M. Chou, Henry Shapiro, S. M. Hriljac, J. A. Chen, D. H. Toulouse, J. Rytz, D. Boatner, L. A. TI ANOMALOUS DISPERSION AND THERMAL EXPANSION IN LIGHTLY-DOPED KTa1-xNbxO3 SO FERROELECTRICS LA English DT Article AB The temperature dependences of the lattice constant and TA phonon dispersion in dilute single crystals of KTa1-xNbxO3 with 0.012 <= x <= 0.09 have been studied using x-ray diffraction and neutron scattering techniques, respectively. For x <= 0.06 an anomalous low-temperature expansion of the cubic lattice parameter is observed at a temperature T-min that increases monotonically with Nb concentration, with no measurable change in symmetry down to 10 K. Concurrent with T-min is a homogeneous broadening of the x-ray Bragg peaks which persists down to 10 K, as well as a strong relief of extinction seen by neutron diffraction. Inelastic neutron scattering measurements reveal that the coupling between TA and TO modes, first, observed in pure KTaO3, is both wavevector and concentration dependent. The q-dependence of the TO-TA mode coupling exhibits a peak at small 9 which appears to shift to higher q with increasing x. In addition, a characteristic temperature T-o is observed above and below which both TA and TO branches harden, and which coincides with T-min. In no crystal was the TO zone center mode observed to condense fully. Instead, the minimum energy attained by the q = 0 TO mode at T-o for x = 0.09 is significantly higher than that measured for either x = 0.00 or 0.012. C1 [Gehring, P. M.; Chou, Henry; Shapiro, S. M.; Hriljac, J. A.; Chen, D. H.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Gehring, P. M.] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Toulouse, J.] Lehigh Univ, Dept Phys, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. [Rytz, D.] SANDOZ Huningue SA, Ctr Rech Optoelect, F-68330 Huningue, France. [Boatner, L. A.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Solid State, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Gehring, PM (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Phys, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RI Boatner, Lynn/I-6428-2013; OI Boatner, Lynn/0000-0002-0235-7594; Gehring, Peter/0000-0002-9236-2046 FU Brookhaven National Laboratory [DE-AC02-76CH00016]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-86ER 45258] FX Work at Brookhaven National Laboratory was carried out under Contract No. DE-AC02-76CH00016. Division of Materials Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy. One of US (J.T.) acknowledges the partial support of the U.S. Department of Energy under grant DE-FG02-86ER 45258. NR 25 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0015-0193 EI 1563-5112 J9 FERROELECTRICS JI Ferroelectrics PY 1993 VL 150 IS 1 BP 47 EP 58 DI 10.1080/00150199308008693 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA V30GG UT WOS:000208803900006 ER PT B AU KELLEY, EF FIELD, BF FENIMORE, C AF KELLEY, EF FIELD, BF FENIMORE, C GP SOC IMAGING SCI & TECHNOL TI NONLINEAR COLOR TRANSFORMATIONS IN REAL-TIME USING A VIDEO SUPERCOMPUTER SO FINAL PROGRAM AND PROCEEDINGS OF THE IS&T/SID COLOR IMAGING CONFERENCE: TRANSFORMS & TRANSPORTABILITY OF COLOR LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IS&T/SID Color Imaging Conference: Transforms and Transportability of Color CY NOV 07-11, 1993 CL SCOTTSDALE, AZ SP SOC IMAGING SCI & TECHNOL, SOC INFORMAT DISPLAY C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC IMAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PI SPRINGFIELD PA 7003 KILWORTH LANE, SPRINGFIELD, VA 22151 BN 0-89208-174-0 PY 1993 BP 122 EP & PG 0 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BA06Q UT WOS:A1993BA06Q00031 ER PT J AU PEACOCK, RD JONES, WW BUKOWSKI, RW AF PEACOCK, RD JONES, WW BUKOWSKI, RW TI VERIFICATION OF A MODEL OF FIRE AND SMOKE TRANSPORT SO FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID GASES AB A set of comparisons between a comprehensive room fire model and a range of real-scale fire experiments is presented. For these comparisons, a zone-based model, CFAST ('consolidated fire and smoke transport' model) is used. The model predicts the evolution of a fire in a room and the subsequent transport of the smoke and toxic gases which result from this fire. These comparisons serve two purposes: to determine, within limits, the accuracy of the predictions for those quantities of interest to the users of the models (usually those extensive variables related to hazard), and to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of the underlying algorithms in the models to guide future improvements in this and other models. The predicted variables selected for comparison deal with both of these purposes. Although differences between the model and the experiments were clear, they can be explained by limitations of the model and of the experiments. RP PEACOCK, RD (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BLDG & FIRE RES LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 50 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0379-7112 J9 FIRE SAFETY J JI Fire Saf. J. PY 1993 VL 21 IS 2 BP 89 EP 129 DI 10.1016/0379-7112(93)90038-R PG 41 WC Engineering, Civil; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA LN686 UT WOS:A1993LN68600001 ER PT J AU JONES, WW FORNEY, GP AF JONES, WW FORNEY, GP TI IMPROVEMENT IN PREDICTING SMOKE MOVEMENT IN COMPARTMENTED STRUCTURES SO FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB This paper describes improvements which have been made in the CFAST model of fire growth and smoke transport for compartmented structures. In particular, we are interested in the ability to model the movement of toxic gases from the room of origin of a fire to a distant compartment. The newest phenomena in the model are vertical flow and mechanical ventilation. Finally, we have improved the radiation transport scheme which affects energy distribution, and therefore the buoyancy forces. These are very important in actual situations relevant to fire growth and smoke propagation, as is demonstrated. RP JONES, WW (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BLDG & FIRE RES LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 27 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0379-7112 J9 FIRE SAFETY J JI Fire Saf. J. PY 1993 VL 21 IS 4 BP 269 EP 297 DI 10.1016/0379-7112(93)90017-K PG 29 WC Engineering, Civil; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA MJ087 UT WOS:A1993MJ08700001 ER PT J AU BABRAUSKAS, V AF BABRAUSKAS, V TI TOXIC HAZARD FROM FIRES - A SIMPLE ASSESSMENT METHOD SO FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB Detailed mathematical methods have recently become available for performing a complete fire hazard analysis. Because of their complexity, they are used primarily for research purposes. For many design and evaluation uses, however, a need is seen for simpler analysis techniques. One such need is for the assessment of the toxic hazard component of fire hazard. Such a technique must be able to place in correct context at least the toxic potency and the burning rate variables. A simple method is developed for demonstrating the capability for performing toxic fire hazard analysis using available test data and not requiring the use of a computer. The method is illustrated with test data on a number of products obtained from the National Bureau of Standards Combustion Toxicity Test and from the cone calorimeter. RP BABRAUSKAS, V (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BLDG & FIRE RES LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0379-7112 J9 FIRE SAFETY J JI Fire Saf. J. PY 1993 VL 20 IS 1 BP 1 EP 14 DI 10.1016/0379-7112(93)90009-F PG 14 WC Engineering, Civil; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA JU052 UT WOS:A1993JU05200001 ER PT J AU KASHIWAGI, T CLEARY, TG AF KASHIWAGI, T CLEARY, TG TI EFFECTS OF SAMPLE MOUNTING ON FLAMMABILITY PROPERTIES OF INTUMESCENT POLYMERS SO FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID FLAME SPREAD AB Various flammability properties of polycarbonate samples were measured with the cone calorimeter and lateral ignition and flame spread (LIFT) devices at various external fluxes. Four different sample mountings were used with the cone calorimeter to investigate the effects of sample mounting on the flammability properties of these samples. One sample mounting configuration employed the standard metal edge frame and a grid to retain intumesced char. The other three sample mounting configurations allowed the intumesced char to rise free. The results show that peak heat release rates and heat release rate curves were significantly affected by the sample mounting configuration but total heat released, effective heat of combustion, and soot yield were not significantly affected. Flame spread characteristics were measured with the LIFT. Two sample mounting configurations were used, the standard method and the standard method with the addition of a wire grid to retain intumesced char. Significant differences in flame spread rates were observed between the two sample mounting configurations with and without the grid. This was caused by differences in flame spread rates versus rising rates of char. RP KASHIWAGI, T (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BLDG & FIRE RES LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 8 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0379-7112 J9 FIRE SAFETY J JI Fire Saf. J. PY 1993 VL 20 IS 3 BP 203 EP 225 DI 10.1016/0379-7112(93)90044-Q PG 23 WC Engineering, Civil; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA KH966 UT WOS:A1993KH96600002 ER PT J AU DEMARTINI, EE ELLIS, DM HONDA, VA AF DEMARTINI, EE ELLIS, DM HONDA, VA TI COMPARISONS OF SPINY LOBSTER PANULIRUS-MARGINATUS FECUNDITY, EGG SIZE, AND SPAWNING FREQUENCY BEFORE AND AFTER EXPLOITATION SO FISHERY BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID JASUS-LALANDII; MATURITY; DECAPODA; FEMALE; OUTPUT AB Size-specific fecundities of spiny lobster Panulirus marginatus were compared for two time-periods: pre- and early exploitation or ''before'' (1978-81), and post-exploitation or ''after'' (1991). Fecundity was further evaluated within each time-period at two collection sites that represented the major lobster fishing grounds (Maro Reef and Necker Island) in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. Complementary data on egg size and spawning-frequency index were compared between study sites and time-periods. Study sites and time-periods had no observable effects on egg size or spawning frequency, and there was no temporal effect on fecundity at Maro Reef. Fecundities at the two sites differed, however; ''after'' size-specific fecundity was an estimated 16+/-9% greater than ''before'' fecundity at Necker Island. Observations suggest that the recent increase in fecundity at Necker Island may reflect a compensatory (density-dependent) response to greater exploitation at this site. Results are discussed in terms of evidence for density-dependent responses in other, exploited spiny lobster stocks. C1 NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,PACIFIC AREA OFF,HONOLULU,HI 96850. RP DEMARTINI, EE (reprint author), NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,SW FISHERIES SCI CTR,HONOLULU LAB,2570 DOLE ST,HONOLULU,HI 96822, USA. NR 30 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE PI SEATTLE PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 SN 0090-0656 J9 FISH B-NOAA JI Fish. Bull. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 91 IS 1 BP 1 EP 7 PG 7 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA LA053 UT WOS:A1993LA05300001 ER PT J AU FLORESCOTO, C WARLEN, SM AF FLORESCOTO, C WARLEN, SM TI SPAWNING TIME, GROWTH, AND RECRUITMENT OF LARVAL SPOT LEIOSTOMUS-XANTHURUS INTO A NORTH-CAROLINA ESTUARY SO FISHERY BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID CAPE FEAR RIVER; MICROPOGONIAS-UNDULATUS; BREVOORTIA-PATRONUS; ATLANTIC CROAKER; FISHES; MEXICO; GULF; HABITATS; AGE AB Larval spot Leiostomus xanthurus were sampled weekly as they recruited to the Newport River estuary near Beaufort Inlet, North Carolina to determine their density, and age and size composition. Density data and otolith age distributions were used to calculate the relative contribution of birth-week cohorts to the seasonal recruitment of spot larvae. The protracted 1987-88 spawning season extended from mid-October to mid-March, with 90% in a 2-month period beginning mid-November. Larvae were recruited to the estuary over 5 months at a mean age of 82 d and mean standard length of 17.2 mm. Smaller, younger larvae generally immigrated to the estuary early (December-January) and late (late April), while larger, older larvae immigrated during the interim peak recruitment period (February to mid-April). In any recruitment week, larvae were from 2-10 birthweek cohorts, but recruitment was strongly influenced by the number of larvae of the dominant cohorts. Larval spot were also sampled in the ocean between Cape Fear and Oregon Inlet off North Carolina to determine their distribution, abundance, and size and age composition. Age and size of larvae were inversely related to distance from shore. Highest densities of larvae were generally found outside the 30 m isobath. Distribution data supported the hypothesis that spot spawned south of Cape Hatteras on the outer continental shelf contribute to recruitment in Chesapeake Bay. A Kolmogorov-Smirnov test did not demonstrate a significant difference between birthdate distributions for ocean and estuarine larvae. This implied that mortality was not age-specific for larvae collected at different times. A Laird-Gompertz growth equation fit to age and size data for larvae collected in the ocean and estuary predicted that they grew from 1.2 mm at hatching to 16.1 mm in 80 d. C1 NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,SE FISHERIES SCI CTR,BEAUFORT LAB,BEAUFORT,NC 28516. RP FLORESCOTO, C (reprint author), NATL AUTONOMOUS UNIV MEXICO,INST CIENCIAS MAR & LIMNOL,MEXICO CITY 04510,DF,MEXICO. NR 39 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 4 U2 9 PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE PI SEATTLE PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 SN 0090-0656 J9 FISH B-NOAA JI Fish. Bull. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 91 IS 1 BP 8 EP 22 PG 15 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA LA053 UT WOS:A1993LA05300002 ER PT J AU JEARLD, A SASS, SL DAVIS, MF AF JEARLD, A SASS, SL DAVIS, MF TI EARLY GROWTH, BEHAVIOR, AND OTOLITH DEVELOPMENT OF THE WINTER FLOUNDER PLEURONECTES-AMERICANUS SO FISHERY BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID PLATICHTHYS-STELLATUS; STARRY FLOUNDER; FUNDULUS-HETEROCLITUS; ENGRAULIS-MORDAX; TILAPIA-NILOTICA; INCREMENTS; FISH; AGE; DEPOSITION; EMBRYOS AB Studies were performed to determine effects of environment and physiology on the formation of daily increments in winter flounder otoliths. Otoliths from embryonic to 1-yr-old laboratory-raised winter flounder Pleuronectes americanus and young-of-year wild-caught specimens were examined, and growth patterns were determined from photographs taken on light and scanning electron microscopes. Behavioral observations were made from hatching through metamorphosis. Daily growth increments of otoliths from larval winter flounder were enumerated, and a growth curve was derived describing the first 2 months of life. Growth was best described by a Gompertz-type curve. The relationship between sagitta size and fish length was exponential for larvae, but linear during the remainder of the first year. Sagittae were compared with fish length for both wild and laboratory-reared juveniles and exhibited the same relationship for each. The change in relationship between sagitta size and fish length coincided with changes in dimensional growth of the fish. During metamorphosis, swimming and feeding modes changed from tail-propelled, upright swimming and frequent sudden feeding lunges in larvae, to bottom-resting and creeping accompanied by infrequent feeding gulps in juveniles. This change reflected the transfer from pelagic to benthic habitat and anatomical transformation to asymmetrical form. In general, juveniles maintained lower activity levels than did larvae. Behavioral and anatomical changes are summarized. C1 DIV MARINE FISHERIES,SANDWICH,MA 02563. FT VALLEY STATE COLL,DEPT BIOL,FT VALLEY,GA 31030. RP JEARLD, A (reprint author), NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,NE FISHERIES SCI CTR,WOODS HOLE LAB,166 WATER ST,WOODS HOLE,MA 02543, USA. NR 41 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 4 PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE PI SEATTLE PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 SN 0090-0656 J9 FISH B-NOAA JI Fish. Bull. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 91 IS 1 BP 65 EP 75 PG 11 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA LA053 UT WOS:A1993LA05300006 ER PT J AU KRIEGER, KJ AF KRIEGER, KJ TI DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE OF ROCKFISH DETERMINED FROM A SUBMERSIBLE AND BY BOTTOM TRAWLING SO FISHERY BULLETIN LA English DT Article AB A manned submersible was used in the eastern Gulf of Alaska to observe spatial distributions of Pacific ocean perch Sebastes alutus and other Sebastes spp., and count rockfish for comparison with bottom-trawl catch rates. Twenty submersible dives were completed in 1988 and 1989 at depths of 188-290 m. Approximately 80% of the 5317 rockfish observed from the submersible were Pacific ocean perch. Most adult Pacific ocean perch were in groups of 2-200 over flat, pebble substrate. Fish within a group were 1-4 m apart, usually oriented into the current, and 0-7 m above bottom. Most juvenile Pacific ocean perch, and juveniles and adults of other Sebastes spp., were associated with rugged habitat (cobble, boulders, pinnacles, and coral). Densities of Pacific ocean perch estimated from bottom-trawl catches were approximately twice those observed from the submersible, indicating that the bridles and otter doors herded fish into the trawl. Bottom-trawl surveys may overestimate Pacific ocean perch abundance because of this possible herding effect and the preference of adult Pacific ocean perch for smooth (trawlable) substrate. RP KRIEGER, KJ (reprint author), NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,ALASKA FISHERIES SCI CTR,AUKE BAY LAB,11305 GLACIER HIGHWAY,JUNEAU,AK 99801, USA. NR 16 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE PI SEATTLE PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 SN 0090-0656 J9 FISH B-NOAA JI Fish. Bull. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 91 IS 1 BP 87 EP 96 PG 10 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA LA053 UT WOS:A1993LA05300008 ER PT J AU POWELL, AB AF POWELL, AB TI A COMPARISON OF EARLY-LIFE-HISTORY TRAITS IN ATLANTIC MENHADEN BREVOORTIA-TYRANNUS AND GULF MENHADEN B-PATRONUS SO FISHERY BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID FLOUNDER PSEUDOPLEURONECTES-AMERICANUS; EGG SIZE; LARVAL SIZE; TEMPERATURE; FISHES AB Atlantic menhaden Brevoortia tyrannus and gulf menhaden B. patronus expressed significant differences in their early-life-history traits under laboratory conditions. Eggs of Atlantic menhaden were larger and contained more yolk. Their larvae were larger at hatching, and contained more yolk. A suite of developmental events (yolk depletion, age at first feeding, and, possibly, age at metamorphosis) was achieved earlier in Atlantic menhaden. The expression of these early-life-history traits in each species may reflect adaptations to the contrasting environments that these species occupy. RP POWELL, AB (reprint author), NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,SE FISHERIES SCI CTR,BEAUFORT LAB,BEAUFORT,NC 28516, USA. NR 32 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 4 PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE PI SEATTLE PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 SN 0090-0656 J9 FISH B-NOAA JI Fish. Bull. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 91 IS 1 BP 119 EP 128 PG 10 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA LA053 UT WOS:A1993LA05300011 ER PT J AU RENAUD, M GITSCHLAG, G KLIMA, E SHAH, A KOI, D NANCE, J AF RENAUD, M GITSCHLAG, G KLIMA, E SHAH, A KOI, D NANCE, J TI LOSS OF SHRIMP BY TURTLE EXCLUDER DEVICES (TEDS) IN COASTAL WATERS OF THE UNITED-STATES, NORTH-CAROLINA TO TEXAS - MARCH 1988 AUGUST 1990 SO FISHERY BULLETIN LA English DT Article AB Observers from the National Marine Fisheries Service collected information on catch rates of shrimp aboard commercial shrimp vessels during March 1988-August 1990. Comparisons were made between nets equipped with Turtle Excluder Devices (TEDs) and standard shrimp nets. Three types of TEDs were tested: Georgia TEDs with and without accelerator funnels, and Super Shooter TEDs with funnels. Fishing areas, time of day, and duration of tows were controlled by the captain of each vessel to simulate commercial conditions. A statistically-significant (P<0.05) mean loss in shrimp catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) of 0.24 lb/h (3.6%) and 0.93 lb/h (13.6%) was exhibited by nets equipped with Georgia TEDs (with and without funnels, respectively) compared with standard nets. There was no significant difference in shrimp CPUE between standard nets and nets equipped with Super Shooter TEDs with a funnel. C1 NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,SE FISHERIES SCI CTR,PASCAGOULA LAB,PASCAGOULA,MS 39567. RP RENAUD, M (reprint author), NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,SE FISHERIES SCI CTR,GALVESTON LAB,4700 AVE U,GALVESTON,TX 77551, USA. NR 8 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE PI SEATTLE PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 SN 0090-0656 J9 FISH B-NOAA JI Fish. Bull. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 91 IS 1 BP 129 EP 137 PG 9 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA LA053 UT WOS:A1993LA05300012 ER PT J AU STILLWELL, CE KOHLER, NE AF STILLWELL, CE KOHLER, NE TI FOOD-HABITS OF THE SANDBAR SHARK CARCHARHINUS-PLUMBEUS OFF THE UNITED-STATES NORTHEAST COAST, WITH ESTIMATES OF DAILY RATION SO FISHERY BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID COD GADUS-MORHUA; GASTRIC EVACUATION; SQUALUS-ACANTHIAS; CHINCOTEAGUE BAY; SPINY DOGFISH; ATLANTIC; DIGESTION; VIRGINIA; GROWTH; PISCES AB Food habits data from 415 sandbar sharks collected in the area between Cape Hatteras and Georges Bank (Great South Channel) were examined. Mean fork length (FL) and body weight (BW) were 55.0 cm and 1.72 kg for pups, 123.0 cm and 23.0 kg for juveniles, and 166.0 cm and 52.3 kg for adults. Of all juvenile and adult stomachs, 49% contained prey, primarily fish (teleosts and skates). Of stomachs from pups, 80% held food remains consisting almost exclusively of soft blue crabs. The mean percentage of stomach content volume to BW is 1.16 for pups, and 0.42 for juveniles and adults. Daily ration estimates as percentage of mean BW are 1.43 for pups, and 0.86 for juveniles and adults. Annual food consumption is estimated to be 5.1 times the mean BW for pups, and 3.1 times for juveniles and adults. RP STILLWELL, CE (reprint author), NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,NE FISHERIES SCI CTR,NARRAGANSETT LAB,NARRAGANSETT,RI 02882, USA. NR 58 TC 44 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 4 PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE PI SEATTLE PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 SN 0090-0656 J9 FISH B-NOAA JI Fish. Bull. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 91 IS 1 BP 138 EP 150 PG 13 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA LA053 UT WOS:A1993LA05300013 ER PT J AU HUIE, RE PADMAJA, S AF HUIE, RE PADMAJA, S TI THE REACTION OF NO WITH SUPEROXIDE SO FREE RADICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE ENDOTHELIUM-DERIVED RELAXING FACTOR; NITRIC OXIDE; PEROXYNITRITE; SUPEROXIDE ANION ID AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; RELAXING FACTOR; NITRIC-OXIDE; FORM PEROXONITRITE; RATE CONSTANTS; RADICALS; PHOTOLYSIS AB The rate constant for the reaction of NO with .O2- was determined to be (6.7 +/- 0.9) x 10(9) 1 mol-1 s-1, considerably higher than previously reported. Rate measurements were made from pH 5.6 to 12.5 both by monitoring the loss of .O2- and the formation of the product -OONO. The decay rate of -OONO, in the presence of 0.1 moll-1 formate, ranges from 1.2 s 1 at pH 5 to about 0.2 s-1 in strong base, the latter value probably reflecting catalysis by formate. RP HUIE, RE (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV CHEM KINET & THERMODYNAM,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. RI Huie, Robert/A-5645-2010 NR 16 TC 1751 Z9 1795 U1 3 U2 30 PU HARWOOD ACAD PUBL GMBH PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD, PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 8755-0199 J9 FREE RADICAL RES COM JI Free Radic. Res. Commun. PY 1993 VL 18 IS 4 BP 195 EP 199 DI 10.3109/10715769309145868 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA LN479 UT WOS:A1993LN47900001 PM 8396550 ER PT J AU RASBERRY, SD AF RASBERRY, SD TI MEASUREMENTS - DEVELOPMENTS IN THE USA SO FRESENIUS JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5TH INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL REFERENCE MATERIALS ( BERM-5 ) CY MAY 11-14, 1992 CL AACHEN, GERMANY SP DEUT FORSCHUNGSGEMEINSCH, UNEP, FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KFA JULICH, MINIST WISSENSCH & FORSCH LANDES NORDRHEIN WEST FALEN, INT UNION PURE & APPL CHEM, COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, USDA, NIST, US FDA, INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGCY AB Sales and use of analytical instruments have expanded in the United States over the past two years, despite the recessionary nature of the economy. Interest in increasing the quality of analytical measurements seems to be undiminished, if not growing. Trends in several measurement areas, including health, environment, manufacturing, and commerce, are described as they bear on this growth of interest in reliably accurate measurements. The paper also considers trends in the development of reference materials and accreditation of laboratories in the USA. United States of America participation in efforts of the International Organization for Standardization, and a study by.the International Bureau of Weights and Measures of how to provide for international traceability for analytical chemical measurements are mentioned. RP RASBERRY, SD (reprint author), NBS,OFF MEASUREMENT SERV,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0937-0633 J9 FRESEN J ANAL CHEM JI Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 345 IS 2-4 BP 87 EP 89 DI 10.1007/BF00322560 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA KM830 UT WOS:A1993KM83000004 ER PT J AU WISE, SA SCHANTZ, MM KOSTER, BJ DEMIRALP, R MACKEY, EA GREENBERG, RR BUROW, M OSTAPCZUK, P LILLESTOLEN, TI AF WISE, SA SCHANTZ, MM KOSTER, BJ DEMIRALP, R MACKEY, EA GREENBERG, RR BUROW, M OSTAPCZUK, P LILLESTOLEN, TI TI DEVELOPMENT OF FROZEN WHALE BLUBBER AND LIVER REFERENCE MATERIALS FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC CONTAMINANTS SO FRESENIUS JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5TH INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL REFERENCE MATERIALS ( BERM-5 ) CY MAY 11-14, 1992 CL AACHEN, GERMANY SP DEUT FORSCHUNGSGEMEINSCH, UNEP, FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KFA JULICH, MINIST WISSENSCH & FORSCH LANDES NORDRHEIN WEST FALEN, INT UNION PURE & APPL CHEM, COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, USDA, NIST, US FDA, INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGCY ID ELEMENTS AB Fresh frozen homogenates of pilot whale blubber and liver tissue were prepared for use as control materials for the determination of organic and inorganic contaminants in marine mammal tissue analyses. The blubber material was analyzed to determine 30 polychlorinated biphenyl congeners and 16 chlorinated pesticides using gas chromatography with electron capture detection and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A total of 39 trace elements and methyl-mercury were determined in the liver homogenate using instrumental neutron activation analysis, voltammetry, and cold vapor atomic absorption spectroscopy. The preparation and analysis of these two tissue materials are part of the development of marine mammal tissue reference materials. C1 INST APPL CHEM,RES CTR JULICH,W-5170 JULICH,GERMANY. NOAA,OFF PROTECTED RESOURCES,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910. RP WISE, SA (reprint author), NBS,CHEM SCI & TECHNOL LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 18 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0937-0633 J9 FRESEN J ANAL CHEM JI Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 345 IS 2-4 BP 270 EP 277 DI 10.1007/BF00322609 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA KM830 UT WOS:A1993KM83000053 ER PT J AU BECKER, DA AF BECKER, DA TI UNIQUE QUALITY ASSURANCE ASPECTS OF INAA FOR REFERENCE MATERIAL HOMOGENEITY AND CERTIFICATION SO FRESENIUS JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5TH INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL REFERENCE MATERIALS ( BERM-5 ) CY MAY 11-14, 1992 CL AACHEN, GERMANY SP DEUT FORSCHUNGSGEMEINSCH, UNEP, FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KFA JULICH, MINIST WISSENSCH & FORSCH LANDES NORDRHEIN WEST FALEN, INT UNION PURE & APPL CHEM, COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, USDA, NIST, US FDA, INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGCY ID BOTANICAL REFERENCE MATERIALS AB Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) has become one of the primary analytical techniques for certification of elemental content in biological Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). One important reason why INAA has become so widely used and valuable in the certification of NIST SRMs is that INAA has unique inherent quality assurance (QA) characteristics which provide the capability for accurate analysis and which often allow the analytical values obtained to be internally evaluated and cross checked. While the NAA technique has the general characteristics of most spectroscopic techniques, the specific characteristics include uniform activation, long and well-documented excited states, highly penetrating emitted radiation, and an excited state decay process which is statistically random in nature. These characteristics work together to provide an analytical technique which can provide highly reliable analytical results and is particularly suitable for the certification of major, minor, and trace elements in biological reference materials. RP BECKER, DA (reprint author), NBS,DIV INORGAN ANALYT RES,CSTL,NUCL METHODS GRP,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 11 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0937-0633 J9 FRESEN J ANAL CHEM JI Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 345 IS 2-4 BP 298 EP 301 DI 10.1007/BF00322615 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA KM830 UT WOS:A1993KM83000059 ER PT J AU WISE, SA SCHANTZ, MM BENNER, BA PARRIS, RM REBBERT, RE SANDER, LC KOSTER, BJ CHESLER, SN MAY, WE AF WISE, SA SCHANTZ, MM BENNER, BA PARRIS, RM REBBERT, RE SANDER, LC KOSTER, BJ CHESLER, SN MAY, WE TI STANDARD REFERENCE MATERIALS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS IN ENVIRONMENTAL-SAMPLES - CURRENT ACTIVITIES SO FRESENIUS JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5TH INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL REFERENCE MATERIALS ( BERM-5 ) CY MAY 11-14, 1992 CL AACHEN, GERMANY SP DEUT FORSCHUNGSGEMEINSCH, UNEP, FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KFA JULICH, MINIST WISSENSCH & FORSCH LANDES NORDRHEIN WEST FALEN, INT UNION PURE & APPL CHEM, COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, USDA, NIST, US FDA, INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGCY ID TRACE ORGANIC-CONSTITUENTS AB Recent activities at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) related to the development of standard reference materials (SRMs) for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are described. These activities include: (1) the development of four new calibration solution SRMs, a marine sediment SRM, and a frozen mussel tissue SRM; (2) noncertified measurements of PAHs for two additional sediment SRMs; and (3) the establishment of reference Ames bioassay mutagenicity values on three existing SRMs. Activities in progress include the recertification of the existing air particulate and diesel particulate SRMs and the preparation of a new diesel particulate extract SRM. RP WISE, SA (reprint author), NBS,DIV ORGAN ANALYT RES,CHEM SCI & TECHNOL LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 9 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0937-0633 J9 FRESEN J ANAL CHEM JI Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 345 IS 2-4 BP 325 EP 329 DI 10.1007/BF00322623 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA KM830 UT WOS:A1993KM83000067 ER PT J AU KURODA, T WADA, H BRAY, SL EKIN, JW AF KURODA, T WADA, H BRAY, SL EKIN, JW TI CRITICAL-CURRENT DEGRADATION IN NB3AL WIRES DUE TO AXIAL AND TRANSVERSE STRESS SO FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3RD INTERNATIONAL TOKI CONF ON PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED NUCLEAR FUSION : APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY FOR NUCLEAR FUSION RESEARCH CY DEC 03-05, 1991 CL TOKI, JAPAN ID SUPERCONDUCTING PROPERTIES; COMPRESSIVE STRESS; NB3SN AB Effects of axial and transverse stress on the critical current of Nb-tube processed multifilamentary Nb3Al wires have been studied. The degradations of the critical current due to axial or transverse stress for these Nb3Al wires are much smaller than those for Nb3Sn wires. The microstructures and stress states of the Nb3Al wires have been investigated to understand the stress dependences of the critical current through the microscopic observations and the elastic theory. From an engineering standpoint, the importance of mechanical strength of the matrix material where superconducting filaments are embedded has been found especially for transverse stress effects. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BOULDER,CO 80303. RP KURODA, T (reprint author), NATL RES INST MET,1-2-1 SENGEN,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. NR 10 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0920-3796 J9 FUSION ENG DES JI Fusion Eng. Des. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 20 BP 271 EP 275 DI 10.1016/0920-3796(93)90053-K PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA KP366 UT WOS:A1993KP36600037 ER PT S AU OHRING, G AF OHRING, G BE Fellous, JL Ghazi, A TI THE CURRENT STATUS OF OPERATIONAL SATELLITE PRODUCTS FOR CLIMATE STUDIES SO GLOBAL CHANGE AND SPACE OBSERVATIONS SE ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Cospar Symposium on Global Change and Relevant Space Observations organized during the World Space Congress CY AUG 28-SEP 03, 1992 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP COMM SPACE RES, WORLD METEOROL ORG, INT ACAD ASTRONAUT, INT ASTRONAUT FED, INT UNION GEODESY & GEOPHYS, INT ASSOC METEOROL & ATMOSPHER PHYS, INT UNION GEODESY & GEOPHYS, INT ASSOC PHYS SCI OCEAN, NASA, CTR NATL ETUDES SPATIALES, NATL OCEANOG & ATMOSPHER ADM, SCI COMM OCEAN RES, INT UNION GEODESY & GEOPHYS, INT ASSOC GEOMAGNETISM & AGRON, EUROPEAN SPACE AGCY, UN ENVIRONM PROGRAMME AB The current status of climate products being obtained from the real-time processing of operational satellite observations at NOAA is reviewed. Current global operational products relevant to climate studies include: atmospheric temperature and water vapor profiles, winds, clouds, aerosols, ozone, sea surface temperature, vegetation index, snow cover and sea ice, planetary albedo, and outgoing longwave radiation. Current experimental operational products include sea surface wind speed, precipitable water, precipitation rate, snow cover and sea ice cover from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) Special Sensor Microwave/Imager and surface and atmospheric longwave radiation fluxes from the TIROS Operational (SSM/I), and surface and atmospheric longwave radiation fluxes from the TIROS Operational Vertical Sounder (TOVS) radiance observations. Recent results, accuracy estimates based on comparison with ground truth, and problems and possibilities for using operational satellite data for long-term global climate change studies are presented. RP OHRING, G (reprint author), NOAA,NESDI,E RA1,WWB,SATELLITE RES LAB,ROOM 712,WASHINGTON,DC, USA. RI Ohring, George/F-5616-2010 NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON PRESS LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD LANGFORD LANE KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0273-1177 BN 0-08-042476-7 J9 ADV SPACE RES PY 1993 VL 14 IS 1 BP 55 EP 59 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BZ78C UT WOS:A1993BZ78C00009 ER PT S AU BASIST, A ROPELEWSKI, C GRODY, N AF BASIST, A ROPELEWSKI, C GRODY, N BE Fellous, JL Ghazi, A TI GLOBAL TEMPERATURES USING SATELLITE AND NUMERICAL-MODEL ASSIMILATED DATA SO GLOBAL CHANGE AND SPACE OBSERVATIONS SE ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Cospar Symposium on Global Change and Relevant Space Observations organized during the World Space Congress CY AUG 28-SEP 03, 1992 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP COMM SPACE RES, WORLD METEOROL ORG, INT ACAD ASTRONAUT, INT ASTRONAUT FED, INT UNION GEODESY & GEOPHYS, INT ASSOC METEOROL & ATMOSPHER PHYS, INT UNION GEODESY & GEOPHYS, INT ASSOC PHYS SCI OCEAN, NASA, CTR NATL ETUDES SPATIALES, NATL OCEANOG & ATMOSPHER ADM, SCI COMM OCEAN RES, INT UNION GEODESY & GEOPHYS, INT ASSOC GEOMAGNETISM & AGRON, EUROPEAN SPACE AGCY, UN ENVIRONM PROGRAMME AB The Microwave Sounding Unit (MSU) aboard the NOAA series of polar orbiting satellites (TIROS-N to NOAA-11) have provided stable, precise measurements of vertically integrated, atmospheric temperature since December 1978. In this study, comparisons are made between the MSU channel measurements and those derived from the Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS) at the National Meteorological Center (NMC) over the period 1979 to 1990. Land areas rich in Radiosonde Observations (RAOBS) showed similar magnitudes of spatial variability between the NMC GDAS and the MSU temperatures. Excessive spatial variability can be noted in the GDAS over land areas where conventional data is poor. Over the ocean, however, the assimilation of satellite data into the model improves the spatial variability detected by the GDAS. C1 NOAA,NESDIS,WASHINGTON,DC 20233. RP BASIST, A (reprint author), NOAA,NWS,NMC,CTR CLIMATE ANAL,WASHINGTON,DC 20233, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON PRESS LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD LANGFORD LANE KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0273-1177 BN 0-08-042476-7 J9 ADV SPACE RES PY 1993 VL 14 IS 1 BP 77 EP 80 PG 4 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BZ78C UT WOS:A1993BZ78C00012 ER PT S AU JACOBOWITZ, H HUCEK, R AF JACOBOWITZ, H HUCEK, R BE Fellous, JL Ghazi, A TI IMPROVEMENTS IN BROAD-BAND PLANETARY ALBEDO ESTIMATES FROM NARROW-BAND NOAA SATELLITE-OBSERVATIONS SO GLOBAL CHANGE AND SPACE OBSERVATIONS SE ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Cospar Symposium on Global Change and Relevant Space Observations organized during the World Space Congress CY AUG 28-SEP 03, 1992 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP COMM SPACE RES, WORLD METEOROL ORG, INT ACAD ASTRONAUT, INT ASTRONAUT FED, INT UNION GEODESY & GEOPHYS, INT ASSOC METEOROL & ATMOSPHER PHYS, INT UNION GEODESY & GEOPHYS, INT ASSOC PHYS SCI OCEAN, NASA, CTR NATL ETUDES SPATIALES, NATL OCEANOG & ATMOSPHER ADM, SCI COMM OCEAN RES, INT UNION GEODESY & GEOPHYS, INT ASSOC GEOMAGNETISM & AGRON, EUROPEAN SPACE AGCY, UN ENVIRONM PROGRAMME AB New and current algorithms for estimating the broadband planetary albedo from NOAA satellite narrowband observations are tested by applying them to retrospective NOAA-9 AVHRR (Advanced Very High Resolution) data of 2 July 1985. For comparison, broadband SW fluxes taken by the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE) instrument, also on NOAA-9, are used as reference values. In contrast to the current scene-independent model, the new algorithms are all scene-dependent, but differ in the way they are classified by surface, cloud amount and albedo indices. The current operational model produces a global bias of magnitude 5 W/m(2) and a strong latitudinal dependence in error. The scene-dependent algorithms yield global biases of less than +/-3 W/m(2) and have little latitudinal dependence over most of the globe. C1 RES & DATA SYST CORP,GREENBELT,MD 20770. RP JACOBOWITZ, H (reprint author), NOAA,NATL ENVIRONM SATELLITE DATA & INFORMAT SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20233, USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON PRESS LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD LANGFORD LANE KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0273-1177 BN 0-08-042476-7 J9 ADV SPACE RES PY 1993 VL 14 IS 1 BP 99 EP 102 PG 4 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BZ78C UT WOS:A1993BZ78C00017 ER PT S AU STOWE, LL VEMURY, SK RAO, AV AF STOWE, LL VEMURY, SK RAO, AV BE Fellous, JL Ghazi, A TI AVHRR CLEAR-SKY RADIATION DATA SETS AT NOAA/NESDIS SO GLOBAL CHANGE AND SPACE OBSERVATIONS SE ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Cospar Symposium on Global Change and Relevant Space Observations organized during the World Space Congress CY AUG 28-SEP 03, 1992 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP COMM SPACE RES, WORLD METEOROL ORG, INT ACAD ASTRONAUT, INT ASTRONAUT FED, INT UNION GEODESY & GEOPHYS, INT ASSOC METEOROL & ATMOSPHER PHYS, INT UNION GEODESY & GEOPHYS, INT ASSOC PHYS SCI OCEAN, NASA, CTR NATL ETUDES SPATIALES, NATL OCEANOG & ATMOSPHER ADM, SCI COMM OCEAN RES, INT UNION GEODESY & GEOPHYS, INT ASSOC GEOMAGNETISM & AGRON, EUROPEAN SPACE AGCY, UN ENVIRONM PROGRAMME AB Currently, global cloud amount estimates from the National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS) experimental cloud remote sensing algorithm, CLAVR (Clouds from AVHRR) - Phase I, are biased towards 50% cloud cover. This is caused by assigning 50% cloud amount to 2x2 global area coverage (GAC) pixel arrays which have been classified as ''mixed''. This classification identifies pixel arrays that are spatially non-uniform in albedo or temperature. To remove this source of bias, a clear-sky radiation data set (CRDS) is produced from ''clear'' pixels Located in half degree Latitude/Longitude grids. Statistics of each channel's radiation measurements are computed over the 9-day repeat cycle of the polar orbiting satellite. The previous 8-day CRDS record is then used to predict the clear-sky radiation values for the current day (9th day) being processed. These are used to reclassify mixed pixels into clear or cloudy categories. C1 SCI MANAGEMENT & APPL RES TECHNOL INC,SILVER SPRING,MD 20903. RP STOWE, LL (reprint author), NOAA,NESDIS,CAMP SPRINGS,MD, USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON PRESS LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD LANGFORD LANE KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0273-1177 BN 0-08-042476-7 J9 ADV SPACE RES PY 1993 VL 14 IS 1 BP 113 EP 116 PG 4 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BZ78C UT WOS:A1993BZ78C00020 ER PT S AU RAO, CRN WEINREB, MP CHEN, JH AF RAO, CRN WEINREB, MP CHEN, JH BE Fellous, JL Ghazi, A TI RECALIBRATION OF THE ADVANCED VERY HIGH-RESOLUTION RADIOMETER FOR CLIMATE-CHANGE RESEARCH SO GLOBAL CHANGE AND SPACE OBSERVATIONS SE ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Cospar Symposium on Global Change and Relevant Space Observations organized during the World Space Congress CY AUG 28-SEP 03, 1992 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP COMM SPACE RES, WORLD METEOROL ORG, INT ACAD ASTRONAUT, INT ASTRONAUT FED, INT UNION GEODESY & GEOPHYS, INT ASSOC METEOROL & ATMOSPHER PHYS, INT UNION GEODESY & GEOPHYS, INT ASSOC PHYS SCI OCEAN, NASA, CTR NATL ETUDES SPATIALES, NATL OCEANOG & ATMOSPHER ADM, SCI COMM OCEAN RES, INT UNION GEODESY & GEOPHYS, INT ASSOC GEOMAGNETISM & AGRON, EUROPEAN SPACE AGCY, UN ENVIRONM PROGRAMME ID CALIBRATION; NOAA-7 AB A consistent, continuous record of post-launch calibration and performance of the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer(AVHRR) onboard the polar orbiting NOAA-7, NOAA-9, and NOAA-11 satellites, spanning the period from 1981 to present, has been produced under the NOAA/NASA AVHRR Pathfinder project. The relative degradation rates for the AVHRR visible(channel 1; approximate to 0.63 mu m) and near-infrared(channel 2; approximate to 0.83 mu m) channels have been established using the southeastern part of the Libyan desert as a calibration target. The degradation rates are of the order of a few percent per year for both channels. Channel 2 is observed to degrade at a faster rate than channel 1 for the AVHRRs on NOAA-7 and NOAA-11; this trend is reversed for the AVHRR on NOAA-9. The degradation rates obtained in the present study are comparable to results obtained by other, independent methods of post-launch calibration. C1 SM SYST & RES CORP,LANDOVER,MD 20785. RP RAO, CRN (reprint author), NOAA,NESDIS,SATELLITE RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20223, USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON PRESS LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD LANGFORD LANE KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0273-1177 BN 0-08-042476-7 J9 ADV SPACE RES PY 1993 VL 14 IS 1 BP 117 EP 120 PG 4 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BZ78C UT WOS:A1993BZ78C00021 ER PT S AU GUTMAN, GG AF GUTMAN, GG BE Fellous, JL Ghazi, A TI NORMALIZATION OF MULTIANNUAL GLOBAL AVHRR REFLECTANCE DATA OVER LAND SURFACES TO COMMON SUN-TARGET-SENSOR GEOMETRY SO GLOBAL CHANGE AND SPACE OBSERVATIONS SE ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Cospar Symposium on Global Change and Relevant Space Observations organized during the World Space Congress CY AUG 28-SEP 03, 1992 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP COMM SPACE RES, WORLD METEOROL ORG, INT ACAD ASTRONAUT, INT ASTRONAUT FED, INT UNION GEODESY & GEOPHYS, INT ASSOC METEOROL & ATMOSPHER PHYS, INT UNION GEODESY & GEOPHYS, INT ASSOC PHYS SCI OCEAN, NASA, CTR NATL ETUDES SPATIALES, NATL OCEANOG & ATMOSPHER ADM, SCI COMM OCEAN RES, INT UNION GEODESY & GEOPHYS, INT ASSOC GEOMAGNETISM & AGRON, EUROPEAN SPACE AGCY, UN ENVIRONM PROGRAMME AB Time series of the NOAA Global Vegetation Index data set for the period 1985-91 were analyzed. The Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) cloud-free reflectance data were recalibrated to remove the trends due to the sensor sensitivity change and then normalized to nadir at 4.5 degrees solar zenith angle using anisotropic top-of-the-atmosphere reflectance models. The results of such a normalization procedure show a substantial reduction in week-to-week variability of the spatial means. The present results demonstrate that relatively stable time series can be obtained by applying empirically derived regional anisotropic models. Thus, the improved data set is potentially more useful for monitoring biosphere-hydrology interactions and for use in numerical climate models. RP GUTMAN, GG (reprint author), NOAA,NESDIS,SATELLITE RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20233, USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON PRESS LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD LANGFORD LANE KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0273-1177 BN 0-08-042476-7 J9 ADV SPACE RES PY 1993 VL 14 IS 1 BP 121 EP 124 PG 4 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BZ78C UT WOS:A1993BZ78C00022 ER PT J AU GOLD, D AF GOLD, D TI IMPROVING THE IMPACT OF FEDERAL SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL-INFORMATION - A CALL FOR ACTION SO GOVERNMENT INFORMATION QUARTERLY LA English DT Article AB The key barrier to obtaining increased benefits from Federal scientific and technical information (STI) is a lack of Executive Branch leadership to coordinate Federal STI activities in an effort to enhance ease of access to users. There is a window of opportunity for an Administration initiative to improve access to Federal STI. In addition, technological opportunities exist for a significantly improved information infrastructure. A policy level inter-agency committee should be initiated to coordinate Federal STI activities. A goal needs to be set for the committee; that goal should be both achievable and beneficial, should encompass the plethora of detailed STI issues within it, and should be ''flashy'' enough to sell politically. In this way, the goal will provide a context for solving the many problems confronting the Federal STI system. This goal should be the long-term vision of a Federal technology information locator, the purpose of which the article discusses. RP GOLD, D (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,MFG TECHNOL CTR PROGRAM,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JAI PRESS INC PI GREENWICH PA 55 OLD POST RD-#2, PO BOX 1678, GREENWICH, CT 06836-1678 SN 0740-624X J9 GOV INFORM Q JI Gov. Inf. Q. PY 1993 VL 10 IS 2 BP 221 EP 234 DI 10.1016/0740-624X(93)90052-2 PG 14 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA LG476 UT WOS:A1993LG47600004 ER PT B AU MCLINDEN, M VAMLING, L AF MCLINDEN, M VAMLING, L BE Bosma, J TI THE NEED FOR, AND AVAILABILITY OF, WORKING FLUID PROPERTY DATA - RESULTS FROM ANNEXE-XIII AND ANNEXE-XVIII SO HEAT PUMPS FOR ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International-Energy-Agency Heat Pump Conference: Heat Pumps for Energy Efficiency and Environmental Progress CY APR 26-29, 1993 CL MAASTRICHT, NETHERLANDS SP INT ENERGY AGCY, MINIST ECON AFFAIRS, NETHERLANDS AGCY ENERGY & ENVIRONM C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV THERMOPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBL B V PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 0-444-81534-1 PY 1993 BP 115 EP 126 PG 12 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BZ43Q UT WOS:A1993BZ43Q00015 ER PT B AU SCHWARTZ, LH AF SCHWARTZ, LH BE Danko, JC Nolting, EE TI CONFERENCE BANQUET PRESENTATION - THE DEVELOPMENT OF A NATIONAL AGENDA FOR MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING SO HIGH ENERGY ELECTRON BEAM WELDING AND MATERIALS PROCESSING, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference and Workshop on High Energy Electron Beam Welding and Materials Processing CY SEP 21-23, 1992 CL CAMBRIDGE, MA SP AMER WELDING SOC, DEFENSE ADV RES PROJECTS AGCY, USN, OFF NAVAL TECHNOL, STRATEG DEFENSE INITIAT ORG C1 NATL INST STAND TECHNOL,MAT SCI & ENGN LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN WELDING SOC PI MIAMI PA 550 NW LEJEUNE RD, PO BOX 351040, MIAMI, FL 33135 BN 0-87171-420-5 PY 1993 BP 242 EP 261 PG 20 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA BC43V UT WOS:A1993BC43V00013 ER PT S AU DADMUN, MD HAN, CC AF DADMUN, MD HAN, CC BE Eby, RK Evers, RC Meador, MA Wilson, D TI THE PHASE-BEHAVIOR OF A HYDROGEN-BONDING MOLECULAR COMPOSITE SO HIGH PERFORMANCE POLYMERS AND POLYMER MATRIX COMPOSITES SE MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on High Performance Polymers and Polymer Matrix Composites, at the 1993 Spring Meeting of the Materials-Research-Society CY APR 13-16, 1993 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CA SP MAT RES SOC C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV POLYMERS,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MCKNIGHT RD, SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0272-9172 BN 1-55899-201-4 J9 MATER RES SOC SYMP P PY 1993 VL 305 BP 171 EP 176 DI 10.1557/PROC-305-171 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Composites; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA BA12Y UT WOS:A1993BA12Y00020 ER PT J AU WIEMAN, CE AF WIEMAN, CE TI PARITY NONCONSERVATION IN ATOMS - PAST WORK AND TRAPPED ATOM FUTURE SO HYPERFINE INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article ID WEAK NEUTRAL CURRENTS; VIOLATION; CESIUM; TRANSITION; PHYSICS AB Parity nonconservation has now been measured in atomic cesium with a fractional uncertainty of 2%. This was done by observing the 6S-7S laser excited transition rate in a ''handed'' apparatus. When combined with recent precise calculations of the cesium atomic structure, this provides an important test of the Standard Model. Efforts are under way to achieve a more sensitive test by measuring parity nonconservation in a series of radioactive cesium isotopes which have been trapped using laser light. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BOULDER,CO 80309. UNIV COLORADO,DEPT PHYS,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP WIEMAN, CE (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU BALTZER SCI PUBL BV PI AMSTERDAM PA ASTERWEG 1A, 1031 HL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3843 J9 HYPERFINE INTERACT JI Hyperfine Interact. PY 1993 VL 81 IS 1-4 BP 27 EP 34 DI 10.1007/BF00567248 PG 8 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA MN873 UT WOS:A1993MN87300005 ER PT J AU ITANO, WM BERGQUIST, JC BOLLINGER, JJ GILLIGAN, JM HEINZEN, DJ MOORE, FL RAIZEN, MG WINELAND, DJ AF ITANO, WM BERGQUIST, JC BOLLINGER, JJ GILLIGAN, JM HEINZEN, DJ MOORE, FL RAIZEN, MG WINELAND, DJ TI PRECISE SPECTROSCOPY FOR FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICS SO HYPERFINE INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Yamada Conference 34 / 9th International Conference on Hyperfine Interactions ( HFI-IX ) CY AUG 17-21, 1992 CL OSAKA UNIV, FAC SCI, DEPT PHYS & LAB NUCL STUDIES, TOYONAKA, JAPAN SP YAMADA SCI FDN HO OSAKA UNIV, FAC SCI, DEPT PHYS & LAB NUCL STUDIES ID LOCAL LORENTZ INVARIANCE; OPTICALLY PUMPED HG-201; QUANTUM-MECHANICS; FREQUENCY STANDARD; SPATIAL ANISOTROPY; TRAPPED IONS; LINEARITY; SEARCH; EQUIVALENCE; PRINCIPLE AB We have applied experimental techniques that were developed for use in atomic frequency standards and clocks to investigations of local Lorentz invariance, the linearity of quantum mechanics, and anomalous long-range spin-dependent forces. These experiments used a hyperfine transition in Be-9+ ions in a Penning trap. Recently, we have studied hyperfine transitions in Hg-199+ ions in a linear rf trap. Hg+ ions might be used for similar investigations in the future. RP ITANO, WM (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV TIME & FREQUENCY,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. RI Gilligan, Jonathan/I-8938-2014 OI Gilligan, Jonathan/0000-0003-1375-6686 NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU BALTZER SCI PUBL BV PI AMSTERDAM PA ASTERWEG 1A, 1031 HL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3843 J9 HYPERFINE INTERACT JI Hyperfine Interact. PY 1993 VL 78 IS 1-4 BP 211 EP 220 DI 10.1007/BF00568141 PG 10 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA MN030 UT WOS:A1993MN03000033 ER PT J AU WINELAND, DJ WEIMER, CS BOLLINGER, JJ AF WINELAND, DJ WEIMER, CS BOLLINGER, JJ TI LASER-COOLED POSITRON SOURCE SO HYPERFINE INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT ANTIHYDROGEN WORKSHOP CY JUL 30-31, 1992 CL LUDWIG MAXIMILLIAN UNIV, MUNICH, GERMANY HO LUDWIG MAXIMILLIAN UNIV ID NONNEUTRAL ION PLASMA; PHASE AB We examine, theoretically, the feasibility of producing a sample of cold (less-than-or-equal-to 4 K), high-denSity (almost-equal-to 10(10)/cm3) positrons in a Penning trap. We assume Be-9+ ions are first loaded into the trap and laser-cooled to approximately 10 mK where they form a uniform density column centered on the trap axis. Positrons from a moderator are then injected into the trap along the direction of the magnetic field through an aperture in one endcap of the trap so that they intersect the Be-9+ column. Positron/Be-9+ Coulomb collisions extract axial energy from the positrons and prevent them from escaping back out the entrance aperture. Cooling provided by cyclotron radiation and sympathetic cooling with the laser-cooled Be-9+ ions causes the positrons to eventually coalesce into a cold column along the trap axis. We present estimates of the efficiency for capture of the positrons and estimates of densities and temperatures of the resulting positron column. Positrons trapped in this way may be interesting as a source for antihydrogen production, as an example of a quantum plasma, and as a possible means to produce a bright beam of positrons by leaking them out along the axis of the trap. RP WINELAND, DJ (reprint author), NIST,DIV TIME & FREQUENCY,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. NR 32 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 1 PU BALTZER SCI PUBL BV PI AMSTERDAM PA ASTERWEG 1A, 1031 HL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3843 J9 HYPERFINE INTERACT JI Hyperfine Interact. PY 1993 VL 76 IS 1-4 BP 115 EP 125 DI 10.1007/BF02316710 PG 11 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA LC473 UT WOS:A1993LC47300010 ER PT J AU PHILLIPS, WD ROLSTON, SL LETT, PD MCILRATH, T VANSTEENKISTE, N WESTBROOK, CI AF PHILLIPS, WD ROLSTON, SL LETT, PD MCILRATH, T VANSTEENKISTE, N WESTBROOK, CI TI LASER MANIPULATION AND COOLING OF (ANTI)HYDROGEN SO HYPERFINE INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT ANTIHYDROGEN WORKSHOP CY JUL 30-31, 1992 CL LUDWIG MAXIMILLIAN UNIV, MUNICH, GERMANY HO LUDWIG MAXIMILLIAN UNIV ID NEUTRAL ATOMS; FIELDS AB This paper is a summary of a talk presented at the Antihydrogen Workshop in Munich, July 1992. We discuss the possibilities of laser cooling antihydrogen and the compatibility of laser cooling with the experimental environment needed for the production and trapping of antihydrogen. Most envisioned experiments will require or be enhanced by the production of very cold antihydrogen. RP PHILLIPS, WD (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. RI Westbrook, Christoph/B-6092-2009; rolston, steven/L-5175-2013 OI Westbrook, Christoph/0000-0002-6490-0468; rolston, steven/0000-0003-1671-4190 NR 19 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 5 PU BALTZER SCI PUBL BV PI AMSTERDAM PA ASTERWEG 1A, 1031 HL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3843 J9 HYPERFINE INTERACT JI Hyperfine Interact. PY 1993 VL 76 IS 1-4 BP 265 EP 272 DI 10.1007/BF02316723 PG 8 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA LC473 UT WOS:A1993LC47300023 ER PT B AU ZANIN, M GIACOMETTI, JA DEREGGI, AS AF ZANIN, M GIACOMETTI, JA DEREGGI, AS GP IEEE TI CHARGE INJECTION AND POLARIZATION IN ETHYLENE-PROPYLENE COPOLYMER (EPDM) PROBED WITH THE THERMAL PULSE TECHNIQUE SO IEEE 1993 ANNUAL REPORT: CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL INSULATION AND DIELECTRIC PHENOMENA LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena (CEIDP) CY OCT 17-20, 1993 CL POCONO MANOR, PA SP IEEE, DIELECT & ELECT INSULAT SOC C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV POLYMERS,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RI Giacometti, Jose Alberto/C-4634-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-0966-9 PY 1993 BP 215 EP 220 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BA31X UT WOS:A1993BA31X00028 ER PT B AU GIACOMETTI, JA DEREGGI, AS DAVIS, GT DICKENS, B AF GIACOMETTI, JA DEREGGI, AS DAVIS, GT DICKENS, B GP IEEE TI THERMAL PULSE STUDY OF THE ELECTRIC POLARIZATION IN P(VDCN-VAC) SO IEEE 1993 ANNUAL REPORT: CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL INSULATION AND DIELECTRIC PHENOMENA LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena (CEIDP) CY OCT 17-20, 1993 CL POCONO MANOR, PA SP IEEE, DIELECT & ELECT INSULAT SOC C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV POLYMERS,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RI Giacometti, Jose Alberto/C-4634-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-0966-9 PY 1993 BP 275 EP 280 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BA31X UT WOS:A1993BA31X00038 ER PT B AU STRICKLETT, KL SUNUNU, C AF STRICKLETT, KL SUNUNU, C GP IEEE TI REFRACTION OF LIGHT BY GRADED BIREFRINGENT MEDIA SO IEEE 1993 ANNUAL REPORT: CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL INSULATION AND DIELECTRIC PHENOMENA LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena (CEIDP) CY OCT 17-20, 1993 CL POCONO MANOR, PA SP IEEE, DIELECT & ELECT INSULAT SOC C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DEPT COMMERCE TECHNOL ADM,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-0966-9 PY 1993 BP 444 EP 448 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BA31X UT WOS:A1993BA31X00066 ER PT B AU VANBRUNT, RJ VONGLAHN, P LAS, T AF VANBRUNT, RJ VONGLAHN, P LAS, T GP IEEE TI PARTIAL DISCHARGE-INDUCED AGING OF CAST EPOXIES AND RELATED NONSTATIONARY BEHAVIOR OF THE DISCHARGE STATISTICS SO IEEE 1993 ANNUAL REPORT: CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL INSULATION AND DIELECTRIC PHENOMENA LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena (CEIDP) CY OCT 17-20, 1993 CL POCONO MANOR, PA SP IEEE, DIELECT & ELECT INSULAT SOC C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-0966-9 PY 1993 BP 455 EP 461 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BA31X UT WOS:A1993BA31X00068 ER PT S AU HSU, NN PALMER, CH FICK, SE AF HSU, NN PALMER, CH FICK, SE BE Levy, M McAvoy, BR TI A POINT-SOURCE POINT RECEIVER METHOD FOR ULTRASONIC TESTING SO IEEE 1993 ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE 1993 Ultrasonics Symposium CY OCT 31-NOV 03, 1993 CL BALTIMORE, MD SP ULTRASON FERROELECT & FREQUENCY CONTROL SOC C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 1051-0117 BN 0-7803-1278-3 J9 ULTRASON PY 1993 BP 291 EP 295 PG 5 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA BA31N UT WOS:A1993BA31N00053 ER PT S AU FORTUNKO, CM DUBE, WP MCCOLSKEY, JD AF FORTUNKO, CM DUBE, WP MCCOLSKEY, JD BE Levy, M McAvoy, BR TI GAS-COUPLED ACOUSTIC MICROSCOPY IN THE PULSE-ECHO MODE SO IEEE 1993 ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE 1993 Ultrasonics Symposium CY OCT 31-NOV 03, 1993 CL BALTIMORE, MD SP ULTRASON FERROELECT & FREQUENCY CONTROL SOC C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV MAT RELIABIL 853,BOULDER,CO. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 1051-0117 BN 0-7803-1278-3 J9 ULTRASON PY 1993 BP 667 EP 671 PG 5 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA BA31N UT WOS:A1993BA31N00126 ER PT S AU FICK, SE AF FICK, SE BE Levy, M McAvoy, BR TI ENHANCED TECHNIQUES FOR ULTRASONIC POWER OUTPUT MEASUREMENT BY MODULATED RADIATION PRESSURE SO IEEE 1993 ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE 1993 Ultrasonics Symposium CY OCT 31-NOV 03, 1993 CL BALTIMORE, MD SP ULTRASON FERROELECT & FREQUENCY CONTROL SOC C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 1051-0117 BN 0-7803-1278-3 J9 ULTRASON PY 1993 BP 929 EP 934 PG 6 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA BA31N UT WOS:A1993BA31N00181 ER PT J AU GOODRICH, LF SRIVASTAVA, AN YUYAMA, M WADA, H AF GOODRICH, LF SRIVASTAVA, AN YUYAMA, M WADA, H BE VanDuzer, T TI N-VALUE AND 2ND DERIVATIVE OF THE SUPERCONDUCTOR VOLTAGE-CURRENT CHARACTERISTIC SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY, VOL 3, NO 1, MARCH 1993 PTS 2-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1992 Applied Superconductivity Conference CY AUG 23-28, 1992 CL CHICAGO, IL SP IEEE, ARGONNE NATL LAB, BABCOCK & WILCOX, US DOE, DIV BASIC ENERGY SCI CONSERVAT & RENEWABLE, US DOE, HIGH ENERGY PHYS, DEFENSE ADV RES PROJECTS AGCY, FERMI NATL ACCELERAT LAB, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, TELEDYNE WAH CHANG C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 PY 1993 BP 1265 EP 1268 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA BZ49H UT WOS:A1993BZ49H00285 ER PT B AU BRAY, SL EKIN, JW KURODA, T AF BRAY, SL EKIN, JW KURODA, T BE VanDuzer, T TI CRITICAL-CURRENT DEGRADATION IN MULTIFILAMENTARY NB3AL WIRES FROM TRANSVERSE COMPRESSIVE AND AXIAL TENSILE-STRESS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY, VOL 3, NO 1, MARCH 1993 PTS 2-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1992 Applied Superconductivity Conference CY AUG 23-28, 1992 CL CHICAGO, IL SP IEEE, ARGONNE NATL LAB, BABCOCK & WILCOX, US DOE, DIV BASIC ENERGY SCI CONSERVAT & RENEWABLE, US DOE, HIGH ENERGY PHYS, DEFENSE ADV RES PROJECTS AGCY, FERMI NATL ACCELERAT LAB, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, TELEDYNE WAH CHANG C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 PY 1993 BP 1338 EP 1341 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA BZ49H UT WOS:A1993BZ49H00305 ER PT B AU MORELAND, J HARVEY, TE ONO, RH ROSHKO, A AF MORELAND, J HARVEY, TE ONO, RH ROSHKO, A BE VanDuzer, T TI SCANNED PROBE MICROSCOPY OF YBA2CU3OX THIN-FILM DEVICE STRUCTURES ON SI SUBSTRATES SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY, VOL 3, NO 1, MARCH 1993 PTS 2-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1992 Applied Superconductivity Conference CY AUG 23-28, 1992 CL CHICAGO, IL SP IEEE, ARGONNE NATL LAB, BABCOCK & WILCOX, US DOE, DIV BASIC ENERGY SCI CONSERVAT & RENEWABLE, US DOE, HIGH ENERGY PHYS, DEFENSE ADV RES PROJECTS AGCY, FERMI NATL ACCELERAT LAB, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, TELEDYNE WAH CHANG C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV ELECTROMAGNET TECHNOL,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 PY 1993 BP 1586 EP 1589 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA BZ49H UT WOS:A1993BZ49H00369 ER PT B AU ROSHKO, A RUDMAN, DA VALE, LR GOODRICH, LF MORELAND, J BECK, HL AF ROSHKO, A RUDMAN, DA VALE, LR GOODRICH, LF MORELAND, J BECK, HL BE VanDuzer, T TI INFLUENCE OF DEPOSITION PARAMETERS ON PROPERTIES OF LASER-ABLATED YBA2CU3O7-DELTA FILMS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY, VOL 3, NO 1, MARCH 1993 PTS 2-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1992 Applied Superconductivity Conference CY AUG 23-28, 1992 CL CHICAGO, IL SP IEEE, ARGONNE NATL LAB, BABCOCK & WILCOX, US DOE, DIV BASIC ENERGY SCI CONSERVAT & RENEWABLE, US DOE, HIGH ENERGY PHYS, DEFENSE ADV RES PROJECTS AGCY, FERMI NATL ACCELERAT LAB, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, TELEDYNE WAH CHANG C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV ELECTROMAGNET TECHNOL,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 PY 1993 BP 1590 EP 1593 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA BZ49H UT WOS:A1993BZ49H00370 ER PT B AU MISSERT, N REINTSEMA, CD BEALL, JA HARVEY, TE ONO, RH RUDMAN, DA GALT, D PRICE, JC AF MISSERT, N REINTSEMA, CD BEALL, JA HARVEY, TE ONO, RH RUDMAN, DA GALT, D PRICE, JC BE VanDuzer, T TI GROWTH AND CHARACTERIZATION OF YBCO/INSULATOR/YBCO TRILAYERS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY, VOL 3, NO 1, MARCH 1993 PTS 2-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1992 Applied Superconductivity Conference CY AUG 23-28, 1992 CL CHICAGO, IL SP IEEE, ARGONNE NATL LAB, BABCOCK & WILCOX, US DOE, DIV BASIC ENERGY SCI CONSERVAT & RENEWABLE, US DOE, HIGH ENERGY PHYS, DEFENSE ADV RES PROJECTS AGCY, FERMI NATL ACCELERAT LAB, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, TELEDYNE WAH CHANG C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV ELECTROMAGNET TECHNOL,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 PY 1993 BP 1741 EP 1744 DI 10.1109/77.233598 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA BZ49H UT WOS:A1993BZ49H00409 ER PT B AU STEINER, RL CLARK, AF KISER, C WITT, TJ REYMANN, D AF STEINER, RL CLARK, AF KISER, C WITT, TJ REYMANN, D BE VanDuzer, T TI ACCURACY COMPARISONS OF JOSEPHSON ARRAY SYSTEMS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY, VOL 3, NO 1, MARCH 1993 PTS 2-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1992 Applied Superconductivity Conference CY AUG 23-28, 1992 CL CHICAGO, IL SP IEEE, ARGONNE NATL LAB, BABCOCK & WILCOX, US DOE, DIV BASIC ENERGY SCI CONSERVAT & RENEWABLE, US DOE, HIGH ENERGY PHYS, DEFENSE ADV RES PROJECTS AGCY, FERMI NATL ACCELERAT LAB, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, TELEDYNE WAH CHANG C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 PY 1993 BP 1874 EP 1877 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA BZ49H UT WOS:A1993BZ49H00435 ER PT B AU KAUTZ, RL MCDONALD, DG WALKER, DK WILLIAMS, D AF KAUTZ, RL MCDONALD, DG WALKER, DK WILLIAMS, D BE VanDuzer, T TI PROPOSED HIGH-ACCURACY SUPERCONDUCTING POWER-METER FOR MILLIMETER WAVES SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY, VOL 3, NO 1, MARCH 1993 PTS 2-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1992 Applied Superconductivity Conference CY AUG 23-28, 1992 CL CHICAGO, IL SP IEEE, ARGONNE NATL LAB, BABCOCK & WILCOX, US DOE, DIV BASIC ENERGY SCI CONSERVAT & RENEWABLE, US DOE, HIGH ENERGY PHYS, DEFENSE ADV RES PROJECTS AGCY, FERMI NATL ACCELERAT LAB, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, TELEDYNE WAH CHANG C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 PY 1993 BP 2152 EP 2155 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA BZ49H UT WOS:A1993BZ49H00501 ER PT B AU ONO, RH VALE, LR KIMMINAU, KR BEALL, JA CROMAR, MW REINTSEMA, CD HARVEY, TE ROSENTHAL, PA RUDMAN, DA AF ONO, RH VALE, LR KIMMINAU, KR BEALL, JA CROMAR, MW REINTSEMA, CD HARVEY, TE ROSENTHAL, PA RUDMAN, DA BE VanDuzer, T TI HIGH-TC SNS JUNCTIONS FOR MULTILEVEL INTEGRATED-CIRCUITS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY, VOL 3, NO 1, MARCH 1993 PTS 2-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1992 Applied Superconductivity Conference CY AUG 23-28, 1992 CL CHICAGO, IL SP IEEE, ARGONNE NATL LAB, BABCOCK & WILCOX, US DOE, DIV BASIC ENERGY SCI CONSERVAT & RENEWABLE, US DOE, HIGH ENERGY PHYS, DEFENSE ADV RES PROJECTS AGCY, FERMI NATL ACCELERAT LAB, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, TELEDYNE WAH CHANG C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 PY 1993 BP 2389 EP 2392 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA BZ49H UT WOS:A1993BZ49H00559 ER PT B AU BOOI, PAA BENZ, SP DODERER, T HOFFMANN, D SCHMIDT, J LACHENMANN, S HUEBENER, RP AF BOOI, PAA BENZ, SP DODERER, T HOFFMANN, D SCHMIDT, J LACHENMANN, S HUEBENER, RP BE VanDuzer, T TI FREQUENCY-DEPENDENCE OF THE EMISSION FROM 2D ARRAY JOSEPHSON OSCILLATORS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY, VOL 3, NO 1, MARCH 1993 PTS 2-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1992 Applied Superconductivity Conference CY AUG 23-28, 1992 CL CHICAGO, IL SP IEEE, ARGONNE NATL LAB, BABCOCK & WILCOX, US DOE, DIV BASIC ENERGY SCI CONSERVAT & RENEWABLE, US DOE, HIGH ENERGY PHYS, DEFENSE ADV RES PROJECTS AGCY, FERMI NATL ACCELERAT LAB, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, TELEDYNE WAH CHANG C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV 81403,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 PY 1993 BP 2493 EP 2495 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA BZ49H UT WOS:A1993BZ49H00585 ER PT B AU BENZ, SP BURROUGHS, CJ HAMILTON, CA AF BENZ, SP BURROUGHS, CJ HAMILTON, CA BE VanDuzer, T TI EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS ON SINGLE FLUX QUANTUM LOGIC SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY, VOL 3, NO 1, MARCH 1993 PTS 2-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1992 Applied Superconductivity Conference CY AUG 23-28, 1992 CL CHICAGO, IL SP IEEE, ARGONNE NATL LAB, BABCOCK & WILCOX, US DOE, DIV BASIC ENERGY SCI CONSERVAT & RENEWABLE, US DOE, HIGH ENERGY PHYS, DEFENSE ADV RES PROJECTS AGCY, FERMI NATL ACCELERAT LAB, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, TELEDYNE WAH CHANG C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV 81403,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 PY 1993 BP 2582 EP 2585 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA BZ49H UT WOS:A1993BZ49H00604 ER PT B AU ROSENTHAL, PA AF ROSENTHAL, PA BE VanDuzer, T TI SUBPICOSECOND MEASUREMENT OF TIME INTERVALS USING SINGLE FLUX QUANTUM-ELECTRONICS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY, VOL 3, NO 1, MARCH 1993 PTS 2-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1992 Applied Superconductivity Conference CY AUG 23-28, 1992 CL CHICAGO, IL SP IEEE, ARGONNE NATL LAB, BABCOCK & WILCOX, US DOE, DIV BASIC ENERGY SCI CONSERVAT & RENEWABLE, US DOE, HIGH ENERGY PHYS, DEFENSE ADV RES PROJECTS AGCY, FERMI NATL ACCELERAT LAB, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, TELEDYNE WAH CHANG C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,CRYOELECTR METROL,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 PY 1993 BP 2645 EP 2648 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA BZ49H UT WOS:A1993BZ49H00619 ER PT B AU BURROUGHS, CJ HAMILTON, CA AF BURROUGHS, CJ HAMILTON, CA BE VanDuzer, T TI AUTOMATED JOSEPHSON INTEGRATED-CIRCUIT TEST SYSTEM SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY, VOL 3, NO 1, MARCH 1993 PTS 2-4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1992 Applied Superconductivity Conference CY AUG 23-28, 1992 CL CHICAGO, IL SP IEEE, ARGONNE NATL LAB, BABCOCK & WILCOX, US DOE, DIV BASIC ENERGY SCI CONSERVAT & RENEWABLE, US DOE, HIGH ENERGY PHYS, DEFENSE ADV RES PROJECTS AGCY, FERMI NATL ACCELERAT LAB, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, TELEDYNE WAH CHANG C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV 81403,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 PY 1993 BP 2687 EP 2689 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA BZ49H UT WOS:A1993BZ49H00629 ER PT J AU RYE, BJ HARDESTY, RM AF RYE, BJ HARDESTY, RM TI DISCRETE SPECTRAL PEAK ESTIMATION IN INCOHERENT BACKSCATTER HETERODYNE LIDAR .1. SPECTRAL ACCUMULATION AND THE CRAMER-RAO LOWER BOUND SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID SIGNALS C1 NOAA,WAVE PROPAGAT LAB,ATMOSPHER LIDAR PROGRAM,BOULDER,CO 80303. RP RYE, BJ (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,NOAA,COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. RI Hardesty, Robert/H-9844-2013 NR 23 TC 108 Z9 115 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD JAN PY 1993 VL 31 IS 1 BP 16 EP 27 DI 10.1109/36.210440 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA KY645 UT WOS:A1993KY64500003 ER PT J AU RYE, BJ HARDESTY, RM AF RYE, BJ HARDESTY, RM TI DISCRETE SPECTRAL PEAK ESTIMATION IN INCOHERENT BACKSCATTER HETERODYNE LIDAR .2. CORRELOGRAM ACCUMULATION SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article RP UNIV COLORADO, NOAA, COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA. RI Hardesty, Robert/H-9844-2013 NR 23 TC 67 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0196-2892 EI 1558-0644 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD JAN PY 1993 VL 31 IS 1 BP 28 EP 35 DI 10.1109/36.210441 PG 8 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA KY645 UT WOS:A1993KY64500004 ER PT J AU EBERHARD, WL AF EBERHARD, WL TI CO2 LIDAR TECHNIQUE FOR OBSERVING CHARACTERISTIC DROP SIZE IN WATER CLOUDS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID VAPOR ABSORPTION-COEFFICIENTS; PULSED COHERENT LIDARS; DOPPLER LIDAR; RECEIVING EFFICIENCY; BACKSCATTER; REGION AB An analytical evaluation demonstrates that a calibrated 10.6-mum-wavelength lidar can measure the mean radius and the effective radius of the drop size distribution in a water cloud. The radius parameter observed is a weighted average over the penetration depth of the pulse, with weighting factor decreasing with optical depth. In this method, the lidar signal is integrated and boundary conditions on optical depth are applied to obtain the average extinction-to-backscatter ratio. The radius parameter is determined by comparing the measured ratio with that found from Mie scatter calculations for a variety of typical drop size distributions. This extinction-to-backscatter method was originally proposed in the literature for measuring mode radius, but at 10.6-mum wavelength the current results show better accuracy for mean or effective radius. Other CO2 laser wavelengths can be used, but slightly more stable results are expected at longer wavelengths. Sources of error are discussed. A lidar probed the sides of fair-weather cumulus clouds in the first application of this method. The resulting values of effective radius were reasonable, and the expected increase of effective radius with height was observed. RP EBERHARD, WL (reprint author), NOAA,ERL,WAVE PROPAGAT LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. RI Eberhard, Wynn/B-5402-2015 NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD JAN PY 1993 VL 31 IS 1 BP 56 EP 63 DI 10.1109/36.210444 PG 8 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA KY645 UT WOS:A1993KY64500007 ER PT J AU PALMER, AJ MATROSOV, SY MARTNER, BE UTTAL, T LYNCH, DK CHATELAIN, MA HACKWELL, JA RUSSELL, RW AF PALMER, AJ MATROSOV, SY MARTNER, BE UTTAL, T LYNCH, DK CHATELAIN, MA HACKWELL, JA RUSSELL, RW TI COMBINED INFRARED-EMISSION SPECTRA AND RADAR REFLECTIVITY STUDIES OF CIRRUS CLOUDS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID ICE AB Thermal-infrared emission spectra from cirrus clouds taken with a unique prism spectrograph are combined with K(a)-band radar reflectivity measurements to obtain mass concentration and size information on the cirrus ice crystals. A two-stream radiation transfer model utilizing Mie scattering theory was used to infer averaged effective ice sphere diameters which, for the cirrus studied, was near 50 mum. C1 AEROSP CORP,LOS ANGELES,CA 90009. UNIV COLORADO,NOAA,COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP PALMER, AJ (reprint author), NOAA,WAVE PROPAGAT LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0196-2892 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD JAN PY 1993 VL 31 IS 1 BP 64 EP 69 DI 10.1109/36.210445 PG 6 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA KY645 UT WOS:A1993KY64500008 ER PT J AU MCLEAN, CR AF MCLEAN, CR TI COMPUTER-AIDED MANUFACTURING SYSTEM ENGINEERING SO IFIP TRANSACTIONS B-APPLICATIONS IN TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE COMPUTER APPLICATIONS, COMPUTER-AIDED ENGINEERING; SIMULATION AND MODELING, APPLICATIONS; SOFTWARE ENGINEERING, TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES AB A new type of computer-aided engineering environment is envisioned which will improve the productivity of manufacturing/industrial engineers. This environment would be used by engineers to design and implement future manufacturing systems and subsystems. This paper describes work which is currently underway at the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) on computer-aided manufacturing system engineering environments. The NIST project is aimed at advancing the development of software environments and tools for the design and engineering of manufacturing systems. The paper presents an overall vision of the proposed environment, identifies technical issues which must be addressed, and describes work on a current prototype computer-aided manufacturing system engineering environment. RP MCLEAN, CR (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, MFG ENGN LAB, DIV FACTORY AUTOMAT SYST, GAITHERSBURG, MD USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-5481 J9 IFIP TRANS B JI IFIP Trans. B-Appl. Technol. PY 1993 VL 13 BP 341 EP 348 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA MB982 UT WOS:A1993MB98200040 ER PT B AU IGNATOV, AM DERGILEVA, IL AF IGNATOV, AM DERGILEVA, IL BE Fujimura, S TI ANGULAR STRUCTURE OF THE UPWARD THERMAL IR RADIATION AND ITS RELEVANCE TO THE SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE RETRIEVAL SO IGARSS'93: BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF EARTH ENVIRONMENT, VOLS I-IV LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Annual International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 93) CY AUG 18-21, 1993 CL KOGAKUIN UNIV, TOKYO, JAPAN SP IEEE, UNION RADIO SCI INT, INST ELECTR INFORMAT & COMMUN ENGINEERS JAPAN HO KOGAKUIN UNIV C1 NOAA,NESDIS,NATL RES COUNCIL,WASHINGTON,DC 20233. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-1240-6 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 1993 BP 152 EP 154 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BA46R UT WOS:A1993BA46R00048 ER PT B AU KOGAN, F AF KOGAN, F BE Fujimura, S TI UNITED-STATES DROUGHTS OF LATE 1980S AS SEEN BY NOAA POLAR ORBITING SATELLITES SO IGARSS'93: BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF EARTH ENVIRONMENT, VOLS I-IV LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Annual International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 93) CY AUG 18-21, 1993 CL KOGAKUIN UNIV, TOKYO, JAPAN SP IEEE, UNION RADIO SCI INT, INST ELECTR INFORMAT & COMMUN ENGINEERS JAPAN HO KOGAKUIN UNIV C1 NOAA,NESDIS,SATELLITE RES LAB,CAMP SPRINGS,MD 20746. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-1240-6 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 1993 BP 197 EP 199 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BA46R UT WOS:A1993BA46R00059 ER PT B AU GEORGES, TM HARLAN, JA AF GEORGES, TM HARLAN, JA BE Fujimura, S TI OCEAN-MONITORING TESTS WITH THE UNITED-STATES-AIR-FORCE OVER-THE-HORIZON RADARS SO IGARSS'93: BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF EARTH ENVIRONMENT, VOLS I-IV LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Annual International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 93) CY AUG 18-21, 1993 CL KOGAKUIN UNIV, TOKYO, JAPAN SP IEEE, UNION RADIO SCI INT, INST ELECTR INFORMAT & COMMUN ENGINEERS JAPAN HO KOGAKUIN UNIV C1 NOAA,WAVE PROPAGAT LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-1240-6 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 1993 BP 221 EP 222 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BA46R UT WOS:A1993BA46R00066 ER PT B AU BAKER, WE HARDESTY, RM AF BAKER, WE HARDESTY, RM BE Fujimura, S TI ANTICIPATED SCIENTIFIC ADVANCES WITH THE LAWS INSTRUMENT SO IGARSS'93: BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF EARTH ENVIRONMENT, VOLS I-IV LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Annual International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 93) CY AUG 18-21, 1993 CL KOGAKUIN UNIV, TOKYO, JAPAN SP IEEE, UNION RADIO SCI INT, INST ELECTR INFORMAT & COMMUN ENGINEERS JAPAN HO KOGAKUIN UNIV DE LIDAR; WEATHER AND CLIMATE PREDICTION; TRANSPORT C1 NOAA,NATL METEOROL CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20230. RI Hardesty, Robert/H-9844-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-1240-6 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 1993 BP 461 EP 463 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BA46R UT WOS:A1993BA46R00141 ER PT B AU HARDESTY, RM BANTA, RM GRUND, C ZHAO, YZ AF HARDESTY, RM BANTA, RM GRUND, C ZHAO, YZ BE Fujimura, S TI LIDAR STUDIES OF DYNAMICS AND CHEMISTRY IN THE LOWER TROPOSPHERE SO IGARSS'93: BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF EARTH ENVIRONMENT, VOLS I-IV LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Annual International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 93) CY AUG 18-21, 1993 CL KOGAKUIN UNIV, TOKYO, JAPAN SP IEEE, UNION RADIO SCI INT, INST ELECTR INFORMAT & COMMUN ENGINEERS JAPAN HO KOGAKUIN UNIV C1 NOAA,ERL WAVE PROPAGAT LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303. RI Hardesty, Robert/H-9844-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-1240-6 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 1993 BP 875 EP 875 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BA46R UT WOS:A1993BA46R00258 ER PT B AU IGNATOV, AM DERGILEVA, IL SAKERIN, SM KABANOV, DM AF IGNATOV, AM DERGILEVA, IL SAKERIN, SM KABANOV, DM BE Fujimura, S TI AN ALGORITHM FOR THE SUN PHOTOMETER CALIBRATION SO IGARSS'93: BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF EARTH ENVIRONMENT, VOLS I-IV LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Annual International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 93) CY AUG 18-21, 1993 CL KOGAKUIN UNIV, TOKYO, JAPAN SP IEEE, UNION RADIO SCI INT, INST ELECTR INFORMAT & COMMUN ENGINEERS JAPAN HO KOGAKUIN UNIV C1 NOAA,NESDIS,NATL RES COUNCIL,WASHINGTON,DC 20233. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-1240-6 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 1993 BP 1091 EP 1093 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BA46R UT WOS:A1993BA46R00317 ER PT B AU ZRNIC, DS BALAKRISHNAN, N RYZHKOV, A DURDEN, SL AF ZRNIC, DS BALAKRISHNAN, N RYZHKOV, A DURDEN, SL BE Fujimura, S TI USE OF COPOLAR CORRELATION-COEFFICIENT FOR PROBING PRECIPITATION ALONG THE VERTICAL SO IGARSS'93: BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF EARTH ENVIRONMENT, VOLS I-IV LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Annual International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 93) CY AUG 18-21, 1993 CL KOGAKUIN UNIV, TOKYO, JAPAN SP IEEE, UNION RADIO SCI INT, INST ELECTR INFORMAT & COMMUN ENGINEERS JAPAN HO KOGAKUIN UNIV C1 NOAA,ERL,NATL SEVERE STORMS LAB,NORMAN,OK 73069. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-1240-6 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 1993 BP 1238 EP 1240 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BA46R UT WOS:A1993BA46R00357 ER PT B AU DOVIAK, RJ SORBJAN, Z AF DOVIAK, RJ SORBJAN, Z BE Fujimura, S TI REMOTE-SENSING OF SURFACE SENSIBLE AND LATENT-HEAT FLUXES SO IGARSS'93: BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF EARTH ENVIRONMENT, VOLS I-IV LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th Annual International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 93) CY AUG 18-21, 1993 CL KOGAKUIN UNIV, TOKYO, JAPAN SP IEEE, UNION RADIO SCI INT, INST ELECTR INFORMAT & COMMUN ENGINEERS JAPAN HO KOGAKUIN UNIV C1 NATL SEVERE STORM LAB,NORMAN,OK 73069. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-1240-6 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 1993 BP 1476 EP 1478 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography; Remote Sensing GA BA46R UT WOS:A1993BA46R00424 ER PT B AU GAITAN, M PARAMESWARAN, M JOHNSON, RB CHUNG, R AF GAITAN, M PARAMESWARAN, M JOHNSON, RB CHUNG, R BE Holst, GC TI COMMERCIAL CMOS FOUNDRY THERMAL DISPLAY FOR DYNAMIC THERMAL SCENE SIMULATION SO INFRARED IMAGING SYSTEMS: DESIGN, ANALYSIS, MODELING, AND TESTING IV SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Infrared Imaging System: Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing IV CY APR 14-15, 1993 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SOC PHOTO OPT INSTRUMENTAT ENGINEERS C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-1205-8 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1993 VL 1969 BP 363 EP 369 DI 10.1117/12.154731 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA BZ45J UT WOS:A1993BZ45J00035 ER PT B AU REMONDI, BW AF REMONDI, BW GP INST NAVIGAT TI ON-THE-FLY KINEMATIC GPS RESULTS USING FULL-WAVELENGTH DUAL-FREQUENCY CARRIER RANGES SO INSTITUTE OF NAVIGATION PROCEEDINGS OF THE 49TH ANNUAL MEETING: FUTURE GLOBAL NAVIGATION AND GUIDANCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 49th Annual Meeting of the Institute-of-Navigation on Future Global Navigation and Guidance CY JUN 21-23, 1993 CL CAMBRIDGE, MA SP INST NAVIGAT, CHARLES STARK DRAPER LAB C1 NATL GEODET SURVEY,COAST & GEODET SURVEY,NATL OCEAN SERV,TEMPLE HILLS,MD. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST NAVIGATION PI WASHINGTON PA 815 15TH ST NW, STE 832, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 PY 1993 BP 505 EP 517 PG 13 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Transportation SC Engineering; Transportation GA BA50A UT WOS:A1993BA50A00052 ER PT B AU SIEWERT, TA AF SIEWERT, TA BE Siewert, TA TI STATUS-REPORT - AWS STANDARDS FOR IDENTIFYING ARC WELDS (A9.1) AND RECORDING WELD DATA (A9.2) SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTERIZATION OF WELDING INFORMATION IV - PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Computerization of Welding Information CY NOV 03-06, 1992 CL ORLANDO, FL SP AMER WELDING SOC, AMER WELDING INST, NIST C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV MAT RELIABIL,BOULDER,CO. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN WELDING SOC PI MIAMI PA 550 NW LEJEUNE RD, PO BOX 351040, MIAMI, FL 33135 BN 0-87171-402-7 PY 1993 BP 3 EP 6 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BZ85D UT WOS:A1993BZ85D00001 ER PT B AU SIEWERT, TA MADIGAN, RB QUINN, TP MORNIS, MA AF SIEWERT, TA MADIGAN, RB QUINN, TP MORNIS, MA BE Siewert, TA TI THROUGH-THE-ARC SENSING FOR REAL-TIME MEASUREMENT OF GAS METAL ARC WELD QUALITY SO INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTERIZATION OF WELDING INFORMATION IV - PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Computerization of Welding Information CY NOV 03-06, 1992 CL ORLANDO, FL SP AMER WELDING SOC, AMER WELDING INST, NIST C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV MAT RELIABIL,BOULDER,CO. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN WELDING SOC PI MIAMI PA 550 NW LEJEUNE RD, PO BOX 351040, MIAMI, FL 33135 BN 0-87171-402-7 PY 1993 BP 198 EP 206 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BZ85D UT WOS:A1993BZ85D00019 ER PT J AU MELLOUKI, A TALUKDAR, RK BOPEGEDERA, AMRP HOWARD, CJ AF MELLOUKI, A TALUKDAR, RK BOPEGEDERA, AMRP HOWARD, CJ TI STUDY OF THE KINETICS OF THE REACTIONS OF NO3 WITH HO2 AND OH SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS LA English DT Article ID GAS-PHASE REACTIONS; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; RADICALS; CLO; OZONE AB The Absolute rate constants for the gas-phase reactions of NO3 with HO2 and OH have been determined using the discharge flow laser magnetic resonance method (DF-LMR). Since OH was found to be produced in the reaction of HO2 with NO3, C2F3Cl Was used to scavenge it. The overall rate constant, k1, for the reaction, HO2 + NO3 --> products, was measured to be k1 = (3.0 +/- 0.7) X 10(-12) cm3 molecule-1 s-1 at (297 +/- 2) K and P = (1.4 - 1.9) torr. This result is in reasonable agreement with the previous studies. Direct detection of HO2 and OH radicals and the use of three sources of NO3 enabled us to confirm the existence of the channel producing OH: HO2 + NO3 --> OH + NO2 + O2 (1a); the other possible channel is HO2 + NO3 --> HNO3 + O2 (lb). From our measurements and the computer simulations, the branching ratio, k1a/(k1a + k1b), was estimated to be (1.0(-0.3)+0.0). The rate coefficient for the reaction of OH with NO3 was determined to be (2.1 +/- 1.0) X 10(-11) cm3 molecule-1 s-1. C1 NOAA,AERON LAB,R-E-AL2,325 BROADWAY,BOULDER,CO 80303. UNIV COLORADO,NOAA,COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI,BOULDER,CO 80309. RI TALUKDAR, RANAJIT/G-4530-2013; Mellouki, Abdelwahid/H-5219-2011 OI TALUKDAR, RANAJIT/0000-0001-6017-8431; Mellouki, Abdelwahid/0000-0002-6594-5262 NR 28 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0538-8066 J9 INT J CHEM KINET JI Int. J. Chem. Kinet. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 25 IS 1 BP 25 EP 39 DI 10.1002/kin.550250104 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA KD833 UT WOS:A1993KD83300003 ER PT J AU KELLEHER, K LAKSHMIVARAHAN, S DHALL, S AF KELLEHER, K LAKSHMIVARAHAN, S DHALL, S TI ON THE PERFORMANCE OF A DIRECT PARALLEL METHOD FOR SOLVING SEPARABLE ELLIPTIC-EQUATIONS BASED ON BLOCK CYCLIC REDUCTION SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article DE BLOCK CYCLIC REDUCTION; SEPARABLE ELLIPTIC; PARALLEL COMPUTING; DIRECT METHOD; PARTIAL FRACTIONS ID ALGORITHM; SYSTEMS AB A comparison of the performance of the Buneman's version of the block cyclic reduction (BCR) algorithm based on a) polynomial factorization and b) partial fraction expansion for separable elliptic equations with Dirichlet boundary conditions is presented. This study was initiated by an interest in mesoscale atmospheric modeling and the parallel computing techniques that can be used to increase the computational efficiency of these models. Examples cited are taken from the field of meteorology. Varying the numbering scheme during the discretization process of separable elliptic equations changes the form of the coefficient matrix. It was determined serendipitously that for certain classes of separable problems found in meteorology, choosing a particular numbering scheme can save computational time by allowing a Poisson solver to be used in place of a more computationally demanding separable solver. Timings are based on the University of Oklahoma's eight processor Alliant FX/80 computer. C1 UNIV OKLAHOMA,SCH COMP SCI,INST PARALLEL PROC,NORMAN,OK 73019. RP KELLEHER, K (reprint author), NOAA,ERL,NATL SEVERE STORMS LAB,NORMAN,OK 73069, USA. RI Kelleher, Kevin/L-6520-2015 NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 0020-7160 J9 INT J COMPUT MATH JI Int. J. Comput. Math. PY 1993 VL 49 IS 1-2 BP 107 EP 122 DI 10.1080/00207169308804221 PG 16 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA NE955 UT WOS:A1993NE95500013 ER PT J AU DILLER, DE ARAGON, AS LAESECKE, A AF DILLER, DE ARAGON, AS LAESECKE, A TI MEASUREMENTS OF THE VISCOSITIES OF SATURATED AND COMPRESSED LIQUID CHLORODIFLUOROMETHANE (R22) SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REFRIGERATION-REVUE INTERNATIONALE DU FROID LA English DT Article DE CHLORODIFLUOROMETHANE; VISCOSITY; FLUIDITY VOLUME EQUATION ID THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES AB The shear viscosity coefficient of saturated and compressed liquid chlorodifluoromethane (R22) has been measured at temperatures between 120 and 320 K and at pressures up to 30 MPa with a torsional crystal viscometer. The fluidity (reciprocal viscosity) of compressed liquid chlorodifluoromethane (R22) increases linearly with molar volume at fixed temperature and increases weakly with temperature at fixed volume. We have correlated our data with an empirical fluidity-volume equation. The data of others are in good agreement with this equation. RP DILLER, DE (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV THERMOPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. NR 10 TC 11 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0140-7007 J9 INT J REFRIG JI Int. J. Refrig.-Rev. Int. Froid PY 1993 VL 16 IS 1 BP 19 EP 22 DI 10.1016/0140-7007(93)90016-2 PG 4 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA KH893 UT WOS:A1993KH89300003 ER PT J AU DILLER, DE PETERSON, SM AF DILLER, DE PETERSON, SM TI MEASUREMENTS OF THE VISCOSITIES OF SATURATED AND COMPRESSED FLUID 1-CHLORO-1,2,2,2-TETRAFLUOROETHANE (R124) AND PENTAFLUOROETHANE (R125) AT TEMPERATURES BETWEEN 120-K AND 420-K SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMOPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE CHLOROTETRAFLUOROETHANE; COMPRESSED FLUID; FLUIDITY; SATURATED LIQUID; TORSIONAL CRYSTAL VISCOMETER; VISCOSITY AB The shear viscosities of saturated and compressed fluid 1-chloro-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane (R124) and pentafluoroethane (R125) have been measured with two torsional crystal viscometers at temperatures between 120 and 420 K and at pressures up to 50 MPa. At small molar volumes, the fluidity (reciprocal viscosity) increases linearly with molar volume at fixed temperature and weakly with temperature at fixed volume. We have described this behavior with simple empirical equations and have compared the data of Shankland and of Ripple with them. The data of Ripple are in good agreement with our data for both fluids. RP DILLER, DE (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,CHEM SCI & TECHNOL LAB,DIV THERMOPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. NR 9 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 2 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0195-928X J9 INT J THERMOPHYS JI Int. J. Thermophys. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 14 IS 1 BP 55 EP 66 DI 10.1007/BF00522661 PG 12 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical; Mechanics; Physics, Applied SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Mechanics; Physics GA KM189 UT WOS:A1993KM18900004 ER PT B AU EHLER, CN AF EHLER, CN BE Grifman, PM Fawcett, JA TI IMPROVING THE INFORMATION BASE FOR OCEAN SPACE USE PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT SO INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVES ON COASTAL OCEAN SPACE UTILIZATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Coastal Ocean Space Utilization (COSU II) CY APR 02-04, 1991 CL LONG BEACH, CA C1 NOAA,OFF OCEANOG & MARINE ASSESSMENT,WASHINGTON,DC 20230. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA SEA GRANT PROGRAM PI LOS ANGELES PA UNIVERSITY PK, LOS ANGELES, CA 90089-1231 BN 0-9636253-0-6 PY 1993 BP 3 EP 9 PG 7 WC Geography; Oceanography SC Geography; Oceanography GA BB18H UT WOS:A1993BB18H00001 ER PT B AU VADUS, JR TAKAHASHI, PK AF VADUS, JR TAKAHASHI, PK BE Grifman, PM Fawcett, JA TI THE POTENTIAL OF OCEAN ENERGY-CONVERSION SYSTEMS FOR ISLAND AND COASTAL APPLICATIONS SO INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVES ON COASTAL OCEAN SPACE UTILIZATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on Coastal Ocean Space Utilization (COSU II) CY APR 02-04, 1991 CL LONG BEACH, CA C1 NOAA,OFF TECHNOL ASSESSMENT,WASHINGTON,DC 20230. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA SEA GRANT PROGRAM PI LOS ANGELES PA UNIVERSITY PK, LOS ANGELES, CA 90089-1231 BN 0-9636253-0-6 PY 1993 BP 393 EP 420 PG 28 WC Geography; Oceanography SC Geography; Oceanography GA BB18H UT WOS:A1993BB18H00028 ER PT J AU HARTMAN, RS ALAVI, DS WALDECK, DH AF HARTMAN, RS ALAVI, DS WALDECK, DH TI ELUCIDATING THE MOLECULAR-ORIGINS OF SOLUTE/SOLVENT FRICTION SO ISRAEL JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SLIP BOUNDARY-CONDITION; DIELECTRIC FRICTION; ROTATIONAL DIFFUSION; ELECTROLYTE-SOLUTIONS; REORIENTATION DYNAMICS; PHENOXAZINE DYES; POLAR-SOLVENTS; RELAXATION; ALCOHOLS; LIQUIDS AB This paper describes experimental studies of the friction a solute molecule experiences in a solvent. More specifically, this work focuses on the dielectric friction needed to describe the rotational diffusion of medium-sized molecules (displaced volume of a few hundred cubic angstroms) in polar solvents and electrolyte solutions. C1 UNIV PITTSBURGH, DEPT CHEM, PITTSBURGH, PA 15260 USA. NIST, DIV MOLEC PHYS, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. NR 68 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA POSTFACH 101161, 69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0021-2148 EI 1869-5868 J9 ISR J CHEM JI Isr. J. Chem. PY 1993 VL 33 IS 2 BP 157 EP 166 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA MK749 UT WOS:A1993MK74900003 ER PT J AU BOULDIN, CE WOICIK, JC STRAGIER, H CROSS, JO REHR, JJ SORENSEN, LB AF BOULDIN, CE WOICIK, JC STRAGIER, H CROSS, JO REHR, JJ SORENSEN, LB TI DIFFRACTION ANOMALOUS FINE-STRUCTURE - XAFS WITH VIRTUAL PHOTOELECTRONS SO JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS PART 1-REGULAR PAPERS SHORT NOTES & REVIEW PAPERS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON X-RAY ABSORPTION FINE STRUCTURE ( XAFS 7 ) CY AUG 23-29, 1992 CL KOBE, JAPAN SP HYOGO PREFECTURE, KOBE, PHYS SOC JAPAN, CHEM SOC JAPAN, JAPAN SOC APPL PHYS, JAPAN SOC ANAL CHEM, SPECTROSCOP SOC JAPAN, CRYSTALLOGRAPH SOC JAPAN, KINKI CHEM SOC, IZUMI SCI & TECHNOL FDN ID ABSORPTION AB This paper discusses a new x-ray structural technique, Diffraction Anomalous Fine Structure (DAFS), which combines the long-range order sensitivity of diffraction with the short-range order sensitivity and chemical selectivity of x-ray absorption (XAFS). Because absorption and scattering are related by causality, the absorption information available from XAFS is also accessible from DAFS measurements of the elastic, fixed momentum transfer, Bragg reflection intensities. These DAFS measurements exhibit a fine structure versus photon energy analogous to XAFS. DAFS provides all of the usual information of XAFS: the near neighbor bond lengths, numbers, types and disorders around the specifically ''cited atoms. In addition, because DAFS unifies all of the capabilities of diffraction and XAFS into a single technique, it provides advantages that neither technique possesses separately: (1) Spatial selectivity. DAFS provides short-range order information about the specific subset of long-range ordered atoms selected by the diffraction condition. (2) Site selectivity. DAFS provides site specific short-range order information for inequivalent sites of a single element. (3) Valence sensitivity. DAFS provides valence specific features in the near edge region. C1 UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT PHYS,SEATTLE,WA 98195. RP BOULDIN, CE (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU JAPAN J APPLIED PHYSICS PI MINATO-KU TOKYO PA DAINI TOYOKAIJI BLDG 24-8 SHINBASHI 4-CHOME, MINATO-KU TOKYO 105, JAPAN SN 0021-4922 J9 JPN J APPL PHYS 1 JI Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part 1 - Regul. Pap. Short Notes Rev. Pap. PY 1993 VL 32 SU 32-2 BP 198 EP 202 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA LT050 UT WOS:A1993LT05000060 ER PT J AU TWEET, DJ AKIMOTO, K HIROSAWA, I TATSUMI, T KIMURA, H MIZUKI, J SORENSEN, LB BOULDIN, CE MATSUSHITA, T AF TWEET, DJ AKIMOTO, K HIROSAWA, I TATSUMI, T KIMURA, H MIZUKI, J SORENSEN, LB BOULDIN, CE MATSUSHITA, T TI STRUCTURAL STUDY OF THE SI/B(ROOT-3X-ROOT-3)R30-DEGREES GEXSI1-X(111) INTERFACE BY SPATIALLY SELECTIVE DIFFRACTION ANOMALOUS FINE-STRUCTURE (DAFS) SO JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS PART 1-REGULAR PAPERS SHORT NOTES & REVIEW PAPERS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON X-RAY ABSORPTION FINE STRUCTURE ( XAFS 7 ) CY AUG 23-29, 1992 CL KOBE, JAPAN SP HYOGO PREFECTURE, KOBE, PHYS SOC JAPAN, CHEM SOC JAPAN, JAPAN SOC APPL PHYS, JAPAN SOC ANAL CHEM, SPECTROSCOP SOC JAPAN, CRYSTALLOGRAPH SOC JAPAN, KINKI CHEM SOC, IZUMI SCI & TECHNOL FDN DE DAFS; XAFS; ANOMALOUS X-RAY DIFFRACTION; LOCAL STRUCTURE ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; SURFACE; SI(111); BORON AB We have applied a new x-ray structural technique, Diffraction Anomalous Fine Structure (DAFS), to a buried reconstructed interface, Si/B(square-root 3 x square-root 3)R30-degrees/GexSi1-x(111) (abbreviated Si/B square-root 3/GexSi1-x(111)). While Ge K-edge XAFS alone gives information about the average local structure surrounding all of the Ge in the sample, by combining the complementary abilities of XAFS and x-ray diffraction, DAFS is able to examine the local structure surrounding just the Ge at the interface, thus exhibiting spatial selectivity. We have made simultaneous XAFS and DAFS measurements of this interface and observed clear differences in the derived chi(k) and resulting Fourier transforms. C1 NEC CORP LTD,FUNDAMENTAL RES LAB,TSUKUBA 305,JAPAN. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT PHYS,SEATTLE,WA 98195. NATL LAB HIGH ENERGY PHYS,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. RP TWEET, DJ (reprint author), NEC CORP LTD,MICROELECTR RES LAB,34 MIYUKIGAOKA,TSUKUBA 305,JAPAN. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU JAPAN J APPLIED PHYSICS PI MINATO-KU TOKYO PA DAINI TOYOKAIJI BLDG 24-8 SHINBASHI 4-CHOME, MINATO-KU TOKYO 105, JAPAN SN 0021-4922 J9 JPN J APPL PHYS 1 JI Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part 1 - Regul. Pap. Short Notes Rev. Pap. PY 1993 VL 32 SU 32-2 BP 203 EP 205 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA LT050 UT WOS:A1993LT05000061 ER PT J AU HASTIE, GP ROBERTS, KJ ADAMS, D FISCHER, D MEITZNER, G AF HASTIE, GP ROBERTS, KJ ADAMS, D FISCHER, D MEITZNER, G TI INVESTIGATING THE STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY AT THE INTERFACE FORMED BETWEEN ZINC DIALKYLDITHIOPHOSPHATE (ZDDP) AND MILD-STEEL USING ULTRA-SOFT X-RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY SO JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS PART 1-REGULAR PAPERS SHORT NOTES & REVIEW PAPERS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON X-RAY ABSORPTION FINE STRUCTURE ( XAFS 7 ) CY AUG 23-29, 1992 CL KOBE, JAPAN SP HYOGO PREFECTURE, KOBE, PHYS SOC JAPAN, CHEM SOC JAPAN, JAPAN SOC APPL PHYS, JAPAN SOC ANAL CHEM, SPECTROSCOP SOC JAPAN, CRYSTALLOGRAPH SOC JAPAN, KINKI CHEM SOC, IZUMI SCI & TECHNOL FDN DE ZINC DIALKYLDITHIOPHOSPHATE; ANTIWEAR ADDITIVES; XANES; OXYGEN K-EDGE; ZINC AND IRON L-EDGES AB Ultra-soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the oxygen K-, iron L- and zinc L-edges has been used to probe the structural chemistry taking place at the interface between polished mild steel in contact with lubricating oil mediated by the presence of ZDDP, an anti-wear additive. The data provides evidence for cationic exchange between Fe2+ in the substrate and Zn2+ in the ZDDP film surface adsorbed at 60-degrees-C. After decomposition at 135-degrees-C the surface layer appears zinc deficient with a chemical composition consistent with a mixture of oxide and phosphate phases. C1 SERC,DARESBURY LAB,WARRINGTON WA4 4AD,CHESHIRE,ENGLAND. EXXON CHEM LTD,ABINGDON OX13 6BB,OXON,ENGLAND. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. EXXON RES & ENGN CO,CORP RES SCI LAB,ANNANDALE,NJ 08801. RP HASTIE, GP (reprint author), UNIV STRATHCLYDE,DEPT PURE & APPL CHEM,GLASGOW G1 1XL,SCOTLAND. NR 9 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 2 PU JAPAN J APPLIED PHYSICS PI MINATO-KU TOKYO PA DAINI TOYOKAIJI BLDG 24-8 SHINBASHI 4-CHOME, MINATO-KU TOKYO 105, JAPAN SN 0021-4922 J9 JPN J APPL PHYS 1 JI Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part 1 - Regul. Pap. Short Notes Rev. Pap. PY 1993 VL 32 SU 32-2 BP 407 EP 409 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA LT050 UT WOS:A1993LT05000122 ER PT J AU HUNSTON, D AF HUNSTON, D TI A COLLECTION OF PAPERS HONORING KINLOCH,A.J., THE 1992 RECIPIENT OF THE ADHESION SOCIETY AWARD FOR EXCELLENCE IN ADHESION SCIENCE, SPONSORED BY 3M - FOREWORD SO JOURNAL OF ADHESION LA English DT Editorial Material RP HUNSTON, D (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV POLYMERS,GAITHERSBURG,MD, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 0021-8464 J9 J ADHESION JI J. Adhes. PY 1993 VL 41 IS 1-4 BP 3 EP 4 DI 10.1080/00218469308026550 PG 2 WC Engineering, Chemical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Mechanics GA LP337 UT WOS:A1993LP33700001 ER PT J AU MAZUR, V AF MAZUR, V TI LIGHTNING THREAT TO AIRCRAFT - DO WE KNOW ALL WE NEED TO KNOW SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Note RP MAZUR, V (reprint author), NOAA,NATL SEVERE STORM LAB,STORM ELECT & CLOUD PHYS GRP,NORMAN,OK 73069, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 0021-8669 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 30 IS 1 BP 156 EP 159 DI 10.2514/3.46330 PG 4 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA KM852 UT WOS:A1993KM85200035 ER PT J AU RABIN, RM MCMURDIE, LA HAYDEN, CM WADE, GS AF RABIN, RM MCMURDIE, LA HAYDEN, CM WADE, GS TI EVALUATION OF THE ATMOSPHERIC WATER-BUDGET FOLLOWING AN INTENSE COLD-AIR OUTBREAK OVER THE GULF-OF-MEXICO - APPLICATION OF A REGIONAL FORECAST MODEL AND SSM/I OBSERVATIONS SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID PRECIPITABLE WATER; MOISTURE; VAPOR; OCEAN; MICROWAVE; FLUXES; SYSTEM; FLOW AB The atmospheric water budget is examined for a 12-day period following an intense cold-air outbreak over the Gulf of Mexico. Budget terms are compared using analyses from the U.S. National Meteorological Center's operational Nested Grid Model (NGM) and using precipitable water and surface wind speed estimated from the Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) instrument aboard the defense meteorological satellite F8. The atmospheric-storage term, determined from the areal-averaged total precipitable water, does not differ significantly between that obtained from the NGM and that obtained from SSM/I data. The storage increases by a factor of more than 3 during the initial five days following the passage of the surface high over the Gulf. Horizontal flux divergence of water vapor computed from the full vertical structure in the NGM output is well approximated by the substitution of the surface-700-mb mean wind and the total precipitable water for the vertical profiles along the boundaries of the atmospheric volume. Evaporation from the sea surface is determined using GOES surface temperatures and NGM surface air conditions. The impact of satellite-derived surface winds on the areal-average evaporation is determined by replacing NGM wind speeds with those estimated from the SSM/I data. The relative importance of precipitation on the water budget is assessed from model estimates. During the onset of airmass modification, evaporation appears to be the dominant mechanism in producing the observed atmospheric moistening. As evaporation diminishes after one to two days, evaporation and flux convergence are of similar magnitude. Together, these terms underestimate the amount of moistening observed during the first five days. C1 NOAA,NATL SEVERE STORMS LAB,NORMAN,OK 73069. UNIV WISCONSIN,COOPERAT INST METEOROL SATELLITE STUDIES,MADISON,WI 53706. RP RABIN, RM (reprint author), NOAA,NESDIS,CTR SPACE SCI & ENGN,SYST DESIGN & APPLICAT RES,ROOM 211,1225 W DAYTON ST,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. RI Wade, Gary S./F-5630-2010 NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0894-8763 J9 J APPL METEOROL JI J. Appl. Meteorol. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 32 IS 1 BP 3 EP 16 DI 10.1175/1520-0450(1993)032<0003:EOTAWB>2.0.CO;2 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KG488 UT WOS:A1993KG48800001 ER PT J AU ANGEVINE, WM AVERY, SK ECKLUND, WL CARTER, DA AF ANGEVINE, WM AVERY, SK ECKLUND, WL CARTER, DA TI FLUXES OF HEAT AND MOMENTUM MEASURED WITH A BOUNDARY-LAYER WIND PROFILER RADAR RADIO ACOUSTIC SOUNDING SYSTEM SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE-MEASUREMENTS; RASS AB A 915-MHz boundary-layer wind profiler radar with radio acoustic sounding system (RASS) capability has been used to measure the turbulent fluxes of heat and momentum in the convective boundary layer by eddy correlation. The diurnal variation of the heat flux at several heights between 160 and 500 m above ground level and values of the momentum flux for 2-h periods in midday from 160 to 1000 m are presented, as well as wind and temperature data. The momentum flux is calculated both from he clear-air velocities and from the RASS velocities, and the two results are compared. C1 UNIV COLORADO,NOAA,COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP ANGEVINE, WM (reprint author), NOAA,AERON LAB,R-E-AL3,325 BROADWAY,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. RI Angevine, Wayne/H-9849-2013 OI Angevine, Wayne/0000-0002-8021-7116 NR 19 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0894-8763 J9 J APPL METEOROL JI J. Appl. Meteorol. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 32 IS 1 BP 73 EP 80 DI 10.1175/1520-0450(1993)032<0073:FOHAMM>2.0.CO;2 PG 8 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KG488 UT WOS:A1993KG48800005 ER PT J AU LOBOCKI, L AF LOBOCKI, L TI A PROCEDURE FOR THE DERIVATION OF SURFACE-LAYER BULK RELATIONSHIPS FROM SIMPLIFIED 2ND-ORDER CLOSURE MODELS SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID PROFILE RELATIONSHIPS; TURBULENCE; PREDICTION; WIND; FLUXES AB A procedure for the derivation of surface layer bulk relationships from simplified second-order closure models is presented. Although a specific model [ the Mellor -Yamada level-2 model (Mellor and Yamada 1982)] was used as an example, the procedure may be applied to a broader class of simplified second-order turbulence parameterization schemes. For the special case of the level-2 model, approximating formulas are given for direct calculation of fluxes from the wind speed and temperature difference across the surface layer. These approximations are especially recommended for models that use Mellor-Yamada closure schemes. RP LOBOCKI, L (reprint author), NOAA,NRC,NMC RES ASSOCIATE,W-NMC2 WWB,ROOM 204,WASHINGTON,DC, USA. RI Lobocki, Lech/B-4173-2011; Lobocki, Lech/C-4573-2014 OI Lobocki, Lech/0000-0002-6952-0130; Lobocki, Lech/0000-0002-6952-0130 NR 25 TC 43 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0894-8763 J9 J APPL METEOROL JI J. Appl. Meteorol. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 32 IS 1 BP 126 EP 138 DI 10.1175/1520-0450(1993)032<0126:APFTDO>2.0.CO;2 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KG488 UT WOS:A1993KG48800010 ER PT J AU DAVIS, SM ZHOU, Y FREEMAN, MA FISCHER, DA MEITZNER, GM GLAND, JL AF DAVIS, SM ZHOU, Y FREEMAN, MA FISCHER, DA MEITZNER, GM GLAND, JL TI CARBON K-EDGE X-RAY ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY OF GAS OIL DERIVED COKE DEPOSITS IN LZ-210 ZEOLITE SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS LA English DT Note ID AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; ORIENTATION; BENZENE; SPECTRA; STATES C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. EXXON RES & ENGN CO,CORP RES LAB,ANNANDALE,NJ 08801. RP DAVIS, SM (reprint author), EXXON RES & DEV LAB,POB 2226,BATON ROUGE,LA, USA. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0021-9517 J9 J CATAL JI J. Catal. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 139 IS 1 BP 322 EP 325 DI 10.1006/jcat.1993.1026 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA KF540 UT WOS:A1993KF54000026 ER PT J AU TREVINO, SF CHOI, CS NEUMANN, DA AF TREVINO, SF CHOI, CS NEUMANN, DA TI THE METHYL TORSIONAL LEVELS OF SOLID ACETONITRILE (CH3CN) - A NEUTRON-SCATTERING STUDY SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB Neutron powder diffraction has been used to obtain the thermal parameters for the deuterium atoms and to confirm the crystal structure of acetonitrile-d3 at 4 K. Inelastic neutron scattering from both isotopic species is used to determine the energies of the first and second rotational levels of the methyl group. These four levels are reasonably reproduced by a threefold potential with V3 = 125 meV. The activation energy derived from this potential is in agreement with that previously obtained from the temperature dependence of T1 in proton magnetic resonance measurements. C1 NIST,MAT SCI & ENGN LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP TREVINO, SF (reprint author), AED,ARDEC,PICATINNY ARSENAL,NJ 07806, USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JAN 1 PY 1993 VL 98 IS 1 BP 78 EP 82 DI 10.1063/1.464572 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA KF406 UT WOS:A1993KF40600010 ER PT J AU NESBITT, DJ CHILD, MS AF NESBITT, DJ CHILD, MS TI ROTATIONAL-RKR INVERSION OF INTERMOLECULAR STRETCHING POTENTIALS - EXTENSION TO LINEAR HYDROGEN-BONDED COMPLEXES SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INFRARED-LASER SPECTROSCOPY; VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY; VANDERWAALS COMPLEXES; MOLECULAR-COMPLEXES; FLUORIDE DIMER; HF COMPLEXES; AR-HCL; OC-HF; SPECTRA; MICROWAVE AB A Rydberg-Klein-Rees (RKR)-based method is described which determines effective ID intermolecular stretching potentials for polyatomic linear complexes from high precision rotational data alone. This extends the ''rotational RKR'' inversion method from pseudodiatomic van der Waals clusters with only two nonhydrogenic atoms to much larger complexes with several heavy atoms. Sample inversion of rotational eigenvalues generated from a model ID potential reproduces the model potential to less than or similar to 0.13 cm-1 accuracy and correctly predicts harmonic frequencies, force constants, and dissociation energies to less than or similar to 0.1%. In contrast, the commonly used ''pseudodiatomic'' approximation lead to quite significant ( 10%-20%) errors, even for exact model potentials for which these approximations were developed. The method is further tested on high resolution near IR spectroscopic data of N-14N-14-HF, which determines the vibrationally averaged hydrogen bond stretching potential from 3.39 less than or similar to R(cm) less than or similar to 3.85 angstrom. The RKR data yield a hydrogen bond length of R(N-H)=2.106 A (2.079 angstrom) and predict a van der Waals stretching frequency of 86.9 cm-1 (90.7 cm-1) for VHF = 0 (VHF = 1). RKR fits that incorporate electrostatic models of long-range behavior also permit estimates of the hydrogen bond dissociation energies and vibrational red shift for the VHF = 0 and nu(HF) = 1 states, respectively. The range of D0 values agree reasonably well with previous ab initio calculations, and the difference in D0 values between nu(HF) = 0 and 1 is in excellent agreement with the experimentally observed red shift. C1 UNIV COLORADO, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA. RP NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA. NR 43 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD JAN 1 PY 1993 VL 98 IS 1 BP 478 EP 486 DI 10.1063/1.464642 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA KF406 UT WOS:A1993KF40600053 ER PT J AU GOLDBERG, RN MILLERO, FJ TREMAINE, P AF GOLDBERG, RN MILLERO, FJ TREMAINE, P TI HEPLER,LOREN,G. AND HIS SCIENTIFIC CAREER SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS LA English DT Item About an Individual C1 UNIV MIAMI,ROSENSTIEL SCH MARINE & ATMOSPHER SCI,MIAMI,FL 33149. MEM UNIV NEWFOUNDLAND,DEPT CHEM,ST JOHNS A1B 3X7,NEWFOUNDLAND,CANADA. RP GOLDBERG, RN (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0021-9614 J9 J CHEM THERMODYN JI J. Chem. Thermodyn. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 25 IS 1 BP 1 EP 5 DI 10.1006/jcht.1993.1001 PG 5 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA KH149 UT WOS:A1993KH14900001 ER PT J AU LARSON, JW TEWARI, YB GOLDBERG, RN AF LARSON, JW TEWARI, YB GOLDBERG, RN TI THERMOCHEMISTRY OF THE REACTIONS BETWEEN ADENOSINE, ADENOSINE 5'-MONOPHOSPHATE, INOSINE, AND INOSINE 5'-MONOPHOSPHATE - THE CONVERSION OF L-HISTIDINE TO (UROCANIC ACID PLUS AMMONIA) SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; EQUILIBRIUM; PROTON; DISPROPORTIONATION; 5'-TRIPHOSPHATE; THERMODYNAMICS; 5'-DIPHOSPHATE; DISSOCIATION; NUCLEOSIDES; SITES RP LARSON, JW (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV BIOTECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 49 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0021-9614 J9 J CHEM THERMODYN JI J. Chem. Thermodyn. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 25 IS 1 BP 73 EP 90 DI 10.1006/jcht.1993.1009 PG 18 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA KH149 UT WOS:A1993KH14900009 ER PT J AU DESER, C AF DESER, C TI DIAGNOSIS OF THE SURFACE MOMENTUM BALANCE OVER THE TROPICAL PACIFIC-OCEAN SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article ID SIMPLE-MODEL; ATMOSPHERE; CIRCULATION AB The purpose of this study is to evaluate the suitability of using linear drag as a proxy for surface friction in the observed climatological-mean momentum balance over the tropical Pacific Ocean. The linear drag parameterization of kinetic energy dissipation in the planetary boundary layer is widely used in simplified models of the tropical atmosphere, and in numerous observational studies of the surface momentum balance. Climatological seasonal-mean fields of sea level pressure and surface wind from the Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set are used to calculate the pressure gradient, Coriolis, and acceleration terms in the momentum budget; friction is derived as a residual. It is found that when friction is parameterized as a linear dissipation of kinetic energy, the damping time scale for the meridional wind is approximately 2-3 times faster than the damping time for the zonal wind. The preceding formulation fits the observations well, especially in the trade-wind regions. It is suggested that the different damping coefficients for the zonal (u) and meridional (v) winds are, in part, a reflection of the different vertical profiles of u and v in the planetary boundary layer. A realistic simulation of the tropical surface wind field from the observed sea level pressure field is obtained using a linear momentum balance with unequal damping time scales for u and v. With equal damping times, the meridional component of the surface flow is too strong. Nonlinear advection improves the zonal wind simulation in limited regions of the northeast trades, equatorial easterlies, and off South America, but only by approximately 0.5 m s-1. RP DESER, C (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,NOAA,COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI,CAMPUS BOX 449,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. NR 18 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0894-8755 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 6 IS 1 BP 64 EP 74 DI 10.1175/1520-0442(1993)006<0064:DOTSMB>2.0.CO;2 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KY097 UT WOS:A1993KY09700005 ER PT J AU FOLLAND, CK REYNOLDS, RW GORDON, M PARKER, DE AF FOLLAND, CK REYNOLDS, RW GORDON, M PARKER, DE TI A STUDY OF 6 OPERATIONAL SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE ANALYSES SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article ID EXPENDABLE BATHYTHERMOGRAPH; PACIFIC; TRENDS; SYSTEM; OCEAN AB This study results from recommendations made by a 1984 WMO Expert Committee on Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction Relevant to Long-Range Forecasting. The committee suggested that comparisons be carried out between monthly sea surface temperature (SST) analyses routinely made in several different countries in near real time. Emphasis was placed on the improvement of such analyses for use in operational long-range forecasting, especially for initializing dynamical long-range forecasting models. Six different monthly averaged SST analyses have been compared. The extent to which the analyses agree on several space scales and for regions covering the global oceans is shown, together with estimates of the magnitude of various types of errors. Independent estimates of SST obtained from expendable bathythermographs indicate that the monthly mean Meteorological Office (UKMO), Climate Analysis Center (CAC) in situ, and CAC blended analyses showed small differences (biases) from the expendable bathythermograph data. The differences were near to or below the margins of statistical significance over the Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere tropics. Apparent negative biases in the analyses were noted, however, in the extratropical Southern Hemisphere. The authors finish with a discussion of recent improvements to the accuracy and scope of SST analyses for both long-range forecasting and climate studies. These improvements include an integrated analysis of ice limit, in situ and satellite SST data, and the developing use of optimum interpolation as a method of SST analysis. C1 METEOROL OFF,HADLEY CTR CLIMATE PREDICT & RES,LONDON RD,BRACKNELL RG12 2SY,BERKS,ENGLAND. NOAA,NWS,NATL METEOROL CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20230. RI Folland, Chris/I-2524-2013 NR 42 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0894-8755 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 6 IS 1 BP 96 EP 113 DI 10.1175/1520-0442(1993)006<0096:ASOSOS>2.0.CO;2 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KY097 UT WOS:A1993KY09700007 ER PT J AU REYNOLDS, RW MARSICO, DC AF REYNOLDS, RW MARSICO, DC TI AN IMPROVED REAL-TIME GLOBAL SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE ANALYSIS SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article AB The monthly global sea surface temperature (SST) analysis of Reynolds using real-time in situ and satellite SST data has now been improved by using sea ice data to simulate SSTs in ice-covered regions. The simulated SSTs now become the external boundary condition for the analysis solution. This technique eliminates any high-latitude satellite biases and extends the analysis to the ice edge. The analysis with the ice data has been computed for the period January 1982 to present. RP REYNOLDS, RW (reprint author), NOAA,NWS,NMC,COUPLED MODEL PROJECT,WASHINGTON,DC 20233, USA. NR 7 TC 209 Z9 219 U1 3 U2 5 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0894-8755 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 6 IS 1 BP 114 EP 119 DI 10.1175/1520-0442(1993)006<0114:AIRTGS>2.0.CO;2 PG 6 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KY097 UT WOS:A1993KY09700008 ER PT J AU HOERLING, MP SANFORD, LL AF HOERLING, MP SANFORD, LL TI ON THE UNCERTAINTY IN ESTIMATES OF ATMOSPHERIC HEATING DUE TO DATA POSTPROCESSING SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Note ID GLOBAL ANALYSES; ACCURACY; MASS AB Using a general circulation model (GCM) dataset, the impact of postprocessing interpolation from model sigma to pressure coordinates on a diagnostic analysis of the atmospheric energy balance is examined. Various isobaric resolutions are chosen that correspond to those provided in existing analysis archives generated by the National Meteorological Center and the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts. Large differences are found between diabatic heating computed residually in isobaric coordinates versus sigma coordinates. Vertically averaged heating reconstructed from pressure level circulation data is found to be in error locally by 10%-50%, with poorer results occurring at coarser vertical resolution. For the zonally averaged isobaric heat balance, the error exceeds the total zonally averaged heating near the tropopause and near the surface. In the former region, the heating is quite small, whereas in the latter region it exceeds 1 K day-1. In contrast, reconstructing the heat balance directly from the GCM sigma-level circulation data introduces errors generally less than 5% of the model's explicit heating. Although uncertainties exist in our results stemming from the use of a single GCM dataset and a particular vertical interpolation method, they suggest the importance of performing analyses on an assimilating model's coordinate surfaces for the purpose of quantitative climate monitoring. RP HOERLING, MP (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,NOAA,COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI,CAMPUS BOX 449,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. NR 14 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0894-8755 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 6 IS 1 BP 168 EP 174 DI 10.1175/1520-0442(1993)006<0168:OTUIEO>2.0.CO;2 PG 7 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KY097 UT WOS:A1993KY09700014 ER PT J AU MANABE, S STOUFFER, RJ AF MANABE, S STOUFFER, RJ TI 2 STABLE EQUILIBRIA OF A COUPLED OCEAN ATMOSPHERE MODEL - REPLY SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Letter RP MANABE, S (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,NOAA,GEOPHYS FLUID DYNAM LAB,POB 308,PRINCETON,NJ 08542, USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0894-8755 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 6 IS 1 BP 178 EP 179 DI 10.1175/1520-0442(1993)006<0178:R>2.0.CO;2 PG 2 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KY097 UT WOS:A1993KY09700016 ER PT J AU SHENTON, HW JONES, NP AF SHENTON, HW JONES, NP TI BASE EXCITATION OF RIGID BODIES .2. PERIODIC SLIDE-ROCK RESPONSE - CLOSURE SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MECHANICS-ASCE LA English DT Discussion C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,DEPT CIVIL ENGN,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. RP SHENTON, HW (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECH,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. RI Jones, Nicholas/A-2328-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0733-9399 J9 J ENG MECH-ASCE JI J. Eng. Mech.-ASCE PD JAN PY 1993 VL 119 IS 1 BP 193 EP 193 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1993)119:1(193) PG 1 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA KD808 UT WOS:A1993KD80800013 ER PT J AU KEY, PB FULTON, MH AF KEY, PB FULTON, MH TI LETHAL AND SUBLETHAL EFFECTS OF CHLORPYRIFOS EXPOSURE ON ADULT AND LARVAL STAGES OF THE GRASS SHRIMP PALAEMONETES-PUGIO SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART B-PESTICIDES FOOD CONTAMINANTS AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES LA English DT Article DE CHLORPYRIFOS; GRASS SHRIMP; ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; TOXICITY AB This study examined the effects of chlorpyrifos, an organophosphorus insecticide, on newly hatched to adult life stages of the grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio. In laboratory experiments, adult and 18-day old larval grass shrimp were exposed in separate 96-h acute toxicity tests to establish a range of LC50's for these two life stages. The adult 96-h LC50 was 0.37 mug/L with the 1 8-day old larval 96-h LC50 being 0.44 mug/L. In order to simulate field conditions, 6-h pulse exposures of chlorpyrifos at 10 parts per thousand. salinity were performed every 5 days during the grass shrimp larval life cycle. The test was carried out to metamorphosis of the surviving larvae to postlarvae with four 6-h pulse doses. The LC50's ranged from 0.94 mug/L after the first pulse exposure to 0.29 mug/L at the end of the study. Among the five chlorpyrifos concentrations and the control, there were no significant differences in larval molting and metamorphosis and growth (postlarval dry weight). An assay method for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition was adapted for use with grass shrimp larvae to gain further insight into sublethal effects of chlorpyrifos exposure. Larvae sampled for AChE activity showed increased activity in the 0.4 mug/L chlorpyrifos exposure group and depressed activity in the 1.6 mug/L chlorpyrifos exposure group. RP KEY, PB (reprint author), US NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,SE FISHERIES CTR,CHARLESTON,SC 29422, USA. NR 18 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 3 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0360-1234 J9 J ENVIRON SCI HEAL B JI J. Environ. Sci. Health Part B-Pestic. Contam. Agric. Wastes PY 1993 VL 28 IS 5 BP 621 EP 640 DI 10.1080/03601239309372844 PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA LV725 UT WOS:A1993LV72500007 ER PT J AU MEADOR, JP AF MEADOR, JP TI THE EFFECT OF LABORATORY HOLDING ON THE TOXICITY RESPONSE OF MARINE INFAUNAL AMPHIPODS TO CADMIUM AND TRIBUTYLTIN SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE INFAUNAL AMPHIPOD; LABORATORY HOLDING; LC(50); LD(50); LIPID; TOXICITY; TRIBUTYLTIN CADMIUM ID NEANTHES-ARENACEODENTATA; SEASONAL PATTERNS; ENERGY RESERVES; TISSUE; FISH; POPULATIONS; MORTALITY; SEDIMENT; COPEPOD; LARVAE AB Two species of amphipods, Rhepoxynius abronius Barnard (Phoxacephalidae) and Eohaustorius estuarius Bosworth (Haustoriidae) commonly used in sediment bioassays were used :to assess the effects of laboratory holding on their sensitivity to the toxicants tributyltin (TBT) and cadmium (Cd). In all tests, the LC,, decreased 2 to 3-fold for animals herd for several weeks in the laboratory versus those recently collected from the field. Additionally, the LD(50) for both toxicants was also 2 to 3 times lower for both species of laboratory-maintained animals. For both species, whole-body lipids declined by a factor of 2 to 3 during the holding period and when the LD(50) for each toxicant was lipid normalized, the critical body burdens became nearly the same. Because TBT is a lipophilic compound, it is expected to partition according to organismal body lipid, however, Cd is known to not partition preferentially to lipid. It is possible that declining lipid concentrations may be the mechanistic process by which body burdens of TBT are Controlled, but for Cd, another mechanism may be more important. It was concluded from these results that decreasing whole-body lipid content may be an indicator of declining animal health (and increased sensitivity to toxicants) but the actual mechanistic control over the toxicity response remains to be elucidated. It is assumed that the standard 10-day test, conducted with recently caught animals, probably has no impact on organism health, but that caution should be used when interpreting bioassay results from long-term studies that use animals which are not maintained in optimum condition. This study also suggests that variability in response to toxicants may occur over the natural, seasonal cycle of physiological variation that occurs in populations. RP MEADOR, JP (reprint author), NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,DIV ENVIRONM CONSERVAT,2725 MONTLAKE BLVD,SEATTLE,WA 98112, USA. NR 45 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0981 J9 J EXP MAR BIOL ECOL JI J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. PY 1993 VL 174 IS 2 BP 227 EP 242 DI 10.1016/0022-0981(93)90019-K PG 16 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA MP980 UT WOS:A1993MP98000005 ER PT J AU SOGARD, SM OLLA, BL AF SOGARD, SM OLLA, BL TI EFFECTS OF LIGHT, THERMOCLINES AND PREDATOR PRESENCE ON VERTICAL-DISTRIBUTION AND BEHAVIORAL INTERACTIONS OF JUVENILE WALLEYE POLLOCK, THERAGRA-CHALCOGRAMMA PALLAS SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ACTIVITY; FISH BEHAVIOR; ONTOGENIC CHANGES; SCHOOLING; STRATIFICATION ID EASTERN BERING SEA; ONCORHYNCHUS-NERKA; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; SOCKEYE SALMON; YELLOW PERCH; FOOD; TEMPERATURE; RESPONSES; RATION; FISHES AB The vertical distribution of pelagic juvenile stages of fish can be altered by a variety of environmental stimuli. In laboratory experiments, we tested the influence of light intensity, thermal stratification, and predator presence on vertical distribution in juvenile walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma Pallas). In addition, we measured activity levels and group cohesion (schooling tendency). Experiments were conducted over a broad size range (37-126 mm), allowing us to test for ontogenetic variability in behavioral responses. Juvenile pollock displayed distinct responses to predator presence and thermal stratification, shifting downward and upward, respectively, relative to their average vertical position under baseline experimental conditions. When pollock were exposed to the two conflicting stimuli of a stratified water column plus a predator, their average depth was midway between the mean positions observed with each stimulus alone. The fishes response to bright light was less clear. Increased light levels did not significantly alter the average vertical position of pollock in the water column, but did result in increased use of the cold water layer under stratified conditions. There was an ontogenetic shift in pollock behavior. Smaller fish were less active, had a smaller range of movement through the experimental tank, and were less likely to dive through the thermocline in a stratified water column. Smaller fish also demonstrated less group cohesion, having a lower tendency to aggregate or school compared with larger fish. These behavior patterns are potentially useful in explaining distribution patterns of juvenile Walleye pollock in the field. RP SOGARD, SM (reprint author), NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,ALASKA FISHERIES SCI CTR,COOPERAT INST MARINE RESOURCE STUDIES,NEWPORT,OR 97365, USA. NR 40 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0981 J9 J EXP MAR BIOL ECOL JI J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. PY 1993 VL 167 IS 2 BP 179 EP 195 DI 10.1016/0022-0981(93)90030-R PG 17 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA LA476 UT WOS:A1993LA47600003 ER PT J AU FIDDLER, W PENSABENE, JW GATES, RA HALE, M JAHNCKE, M BABBITT, JK AF FIDDLER, W PENSABENE, JW GATES, RA HALE, M JAHNCKE, M BABBITT, JK TI ALASKA POLLOCK (THERAGRA-CHALCOGRAMMA) MINCE AND SURIMI AS PARTIAL MEAT SUBSTITUTES IN FRANKFURTERS - N-NITROSODIMETHYLAMINE FORMATION SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE NITROSAMINES; FISH; SURIMI; FRANKFURTERS; NITRITE; AMINES ID FISH; DIMETHYLAMINE; PRODUCTS; TRIMETHYLAMINE; NITROSAMINES; OXIDE AB Studies were conducted to determine the feasibility of using 3 forms of Alaska pollock (AP) as a partial substitute for meat in a nitrite-cured product. The effect of several pre- and post-processing storage conditions on N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) were studied in frankfurters substituted with 15 and 50% unwashed and washed mince and surimi. In franks made with unwashed mince, frozen stored prior to processing, NDMA increased during frozen storage; little change was observed in franks containing washed mince and surimi. Refrigerated storage of franks generally showed a decrease in NDMA with all 3 forms of fish. Overall, the use of washed mince and surimi at the 15% substitution level gave mean values less than 2 ppb NDMA, even after boiling. The results indicate that 50% unwashed AP mince should not be used as a partial substitute for meat in frankfurters. C1 US DEPT COMMERCE,NOAA,NMFS,WASHINGTON,DC 20230. RP FIDDLER, W (reprint author), USDA ARS,ERRC,600 E MERMAID LANE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19118, USA. NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS PI CHICAGO PA SUITE 300 221 N LASALLE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60601-1291 SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 58 IS 1 BP 62 EP & DI 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1993.tb03212.x PG 0 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA KP934 UT WOS:A1993KP93400014 ER PT J AU REPPOND, KD BABBITT, JK AF REPPOND, KD BABBITT, JK TI PROTEASE INHIBITORS AFFECT PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES OF ARROWTOOTH FLOUNDER AND WALLEYE POLLOCK SURIMI SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE FLOUNDER; POLLOCK; SURIMI; PROTEASE INHIBITORS; GEL STRENGTH ID GEL AB The effects of protease inhibitors from potato, bovine plasma and egg white on the punch, torsion and color tests of arrowtooth flounder and pollock surimi were determined. At 2% addition, the inhibitors increased the strength of arrowtooth gels while variable results were found with pollock gels. Bovine plasma produced a gel with a yellow hue while the gel with potato inhibitor was darkest. RP REPPOND, KD (reprint author), NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,UTILIZAT RES LAB,900 TRIDENT WAY,KODIAK,AK 99615, USA. NR 14 TC 34 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 1 PU INST FOOD TECHNOLOGISTS PI CHICAGO PA SUITE 300 221 N LASALLE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60601-1291 SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 58 IS 1 BP 96 EP 98 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1993.tb03218.x PG 3 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA KP934 UT WOS:A1993KP93400021 ER PT J AU MCCLUNG, DM ARMSTRONG, RL AF MCCLUNG, DM ARMSTRONG, RL TI TEMPERATE GLACIER TIME RESPONSE FROM FIELD DATA SO JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB The relationship of glacier response due to mass-balance changes is of fundamental importance when climate variations are to be understood. In this paper, two aspects of the problem are analyzed from field data: (1) advance/retreat of the glacier terminus due to changes in mass balance, and (2) cross-correlation of mass-balance data from two glaciers in the same climate zone. The results show: (1) the terminus can respond quickly in accordance with expected minimum time-scale, and (2) two glaciers in the same general climate zone may have very different yearly mass balance and advance/retreat behaviour. This latter result indicates the importance of local climate variations. C1 UNIV COLORADO, NOAA, COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA. UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA, DEPT GEOG, VANCOUVER V6T 1Z4, BC, CANADA. RP MCCLUNG, DM (reprint author), UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA, DEPT CIVIL ENGN, VANCOUVER V6T 1Z4, BC, CANADA. NR 8 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU INT GLACIOL SOC PI CAMBRIDGE PA LENSFIELD RD, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1ER, ENGLAND SN 0022-1430 J9 J GLACIOL JI J. Glaciol. PY 1993 VL 39 IS 132 BP 323 EP 326 PG 4 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA MK676 UT WOS:A1993MK67600013 ER PT J AU GOSSIAUX, DC LANDRUM, PF TSYMBAL, VN AF GOSSIAUX, DC LANDRUM, PF TSYMBAL, VN TI A SURVEY OF SAGINAW RIVER AND SAGINAW BAY, LAKE HURON, SEDIMENTS USING 2 BIOASSAYS WITH THE AMPHIPOD DIPOREIA SPP SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE SEDIMENTS; TOXICITY; BIOASSAYS; LAKE HURON; SAGINAW RIVER; DIPOREIA ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; PONTOPOREIA-HOYI; TOXICITY; MICHIGAN; WATER AB The Saginaw River and Saginaw Bay ecosystem is identified as an Area of Concern by the International Joint Commission for recognized anthropogenic contamination, which includes sediments. The potential impact of sediment-associated contamination of Saginaw Bay and Saginaw River was evaluated by employing two solid phase bioassays with the amphipod Diporeia spp. (formerly named Pontoporeia hoyi). Two effects examined in the bioassays were mortality after 28 d and avoidance/preference for the sediments after 5 d. Saginaw Bay Station S-61, located off the coast of Tawas Bay, was the only location where bay sediment elicited significant mortality. Although sediment preference tended to increase from the inner bay to the outer bay with S-61 the most preferred, there were no statistical differences among stations. River sediments from all stations collected in December 1989 produced significant mortality, with sediments from Station SR-106, just below the Bay City Waste Water Treatment Plant out-fall, producing the greatest response. Sediments from SR-106 were also the most avoided of the river sediments from this first collection. A subsequent collection of sediments in June 1990 from the Saginaw River produced no mortality and no significant avoidance of the sediments. The results from these two bioassay methods suggest the presence of potential contaminant problems in both the bay and river, and indicate that both lethal and sublethal effects may occur. RP GOSSIAUX, DC (reprint author), NOAA,GREAT LAKES ENVIRONM RES LAB,2205 COMMONWEALTH BLVD,ANN ARBOR,MI 48105, USA. NR 32 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT ASSOC GREAT LAKES RES PI ANN ARBOR PA 2200 BONISTEEL BLVD, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109-2099 SN 0380-1330 J9 J GREAT LAKES RES JI J. Gt. Lakes Res. PY 1993 VL 19 IS 2 BP 322 EP 332 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA LN307 UT WOS:A1993LN30700012 ER PT J AU MILLER, GS SAYLOR, JH AF MILLER, GS SAYLOR, JH TI LOW-FREQUENCY WATER VOLUME TRANSPORT THROUGH THE MIDSECTION OF GREEN BAY, LAKE-MICHIGAN, CALCULATED FROM CURRENT AND TEMPERATURE OBSERVATIONS SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE WATER CURRENTS; WATER TEMPERATURE; WATER TRANSPORT; LAKE MICHIGAN AB Moorings with current meters and temperature recorders were deployed along a mid-bay transect on either side of Chambers Island in Green Bay from September 1988 to October 1989. Daily transport estimates calculated from the current, temperature, and wind data, show temporal and spatial variability. Net summer transport during stratification west of Chambers Island was out of the lower bay (350 m3 s-1) in the epilimnion, into the lower bay (900 m3 s-1) in the hypolimnion, and out of the lower bay (320 m3 s-1) through the passage east of the island. The residence time for the lower bay is reduced to less than 1 year using the above transport compared to a water balance estimate of over 3 years. During the mid-September to May isothermal period, a horizontal transport gradient existed. Under the solid ice cover of winter, transport variability was significantly reduced and was uniformly out of the lower bay (500 m3 s-1). Fluctuations in daily transport were often large (up to 2 x 10(4) m3 s-1). The temporal and spatial variability of the water volume transport suggests that material mass fluxes between lower and upper Green Bay will be similarly dependent. RP MILLER, GS (reprint author), NOAA,GREAT LAKES ENVIRONM RES LAB,2205 COMMONWEALTH BLVD,ANN ARBOR,MI 48105, USA. NR 13 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ASSOC GREAT LAKES RES PI ANN ARBOR PA 2200 BONISTEEL BLVD, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109-2099 SN 0380-1330 J9 J GREAT LAKES RES JI J. Gt. Lakes Res. PY 1993 VL 19 IS 2 BP 361 EP 367 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA LN307 UT WOS:A1993LN30700016 ER PT J AU HAWLEY, N NIESTER, J AF HAWLEY, N NIESTER, J TI MEASUREMENT OF HORIZONTAL SEDIMENT TRANSPORT IN GREEN BAY, MAY OCTOBER, 1989 SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; TRANSPARENCY; LAKE MICHIGAN ID LAKE-MICHIGAN AB Time series measurements of water transparency were made at stations located in the passages on either side of Chambers Island from May through October, 1989. These data were combined with the current measurements of Miller and Saylor (1993) to determine the sediment transport into and out of southern Green Bay. The data show that the sediment flux past Chambers Island is driven primarily by the non-tidal circulation in the two channels; both tidal and storm effects are of secondary importance. The cumulative sediment flux is southward through the western channel and northward in the eastern channel with a small net transport of sediment into the southern bay. Since the sediment load from tributaries to the bay is much greater than the transport in the channels, this excess sediment must be stored in the southern bay. RP HAWLEY, N (reprint author), NOAA,GREAT LAKES ENVIRONM RES LAB,2205 COMMONWEALTH BLVD,ANN ARBOR,MI 48105, USA. NR 7 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ASSOC GREAT LAKES RES PI ANN ARBOR PA 2200 BONISTEEL BLVD, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109-2099 SN 0380-1330 J9 J GREAT LAKES RES JI J. Gt. Lakes Res. PY 1993 VL 19 IS 2 BP 368 EP 378 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA LN307 UT WOS:A1993LN30700017 ER PT J AU BOLSENGA, SJ NORTON, DC AF BOLSENGA, SJ NORTON, DC TI GREAT-LAKES AIR-TEMPERATURE TRENDS FOR LAND STATIONS, 1901-1987 SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE GREAT LAKES; AIR TEMPERATURE; CLIMATE CHANGE ID FLUCTUATIONS AB An examination of gridded data developed from quality controlled land station temperature data for the 1901-1987 period for the Great Lakes basin reveals temperature trends not previously reported On an annual basis, from early 1900 through the mid 1950s, a 5-year moving average shows that overall basin temperatures increased A cooler regime prevailed for the remainder of the period of record. Seasonal 5-year moving averages show that spring temperatures increased throughout the period. Summer temperatures were highly variable, but with an early upward trend through the mid 1940s and a recent downward trend for the remainder of the period Fall temperatures slowly warmed from the early 1900s until the mid 1960s, but have recently shown a cooling trend Winter temperatures show an upward trend with intermittent wide swings from the early 1900s through the mid 1950s after which a lower temperature regime has prevailed Temperature differences between a warm and a cool year and the long term mean show markedly varying patterns. RP BOLSENGA, SJ (reprint author), GREAT LAKES ENVIRONM RES LAB,2205 COMMONWEALTH BLVD,ANN ARBOR,MI 48105, USA. NR 12 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT ASSOC GREAT LAKES RES PI ANN ARBOR PA 2200 BONISTEEL BLVD, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109-2099 SN 0380-1330 J9 J GREAT LAKES RES JI J. Gt. Lakes Res. PY 1993 VL 19 IS 2 BP 379 EP 388 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA LN307 UT WOS:A1993LN30700018 ER PT J AU BROWN, RW TAYLOR, WW ASSEL, RA AF BROWN, RW TAYLOR, WW ASSEL, RA TI FACTORS AFFECTING THE RECRUITMENT OF LAKE WHITEFISH IN 2 AREAS OF NORTHERN LAKE-MICHIGAN SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE LAKE WHITEFISH; LAKE MICHIGAN; RECRUITMENT; SPAWNING STOCK; ICE; WEATHER ID LARVAL AB Stock-recruitment and integrated recruitment models incorporating biotic and abiotic factors were developed for lake whitefish populations in northern Green Bay and the North Shore areas of Lake Michigan. Abundance and recruitment indices were calculated for the 1961-1985 year classes based on lake whitefish catch and effort data from the commercial fishery in each area. Previous research indicates that spawning stock abundance, winter ice cover, and spring temperatures are important in determining the egg and larval abundance and survival of lake whitefish. Therefore, spawning stock abundance, ice cover, winter wind velocity, and spring water and air temperature variables were used as model inputs in regression modeling. The biotic/abiotic recruitment model for northern Green Bay hindcasted lake whitefish recruitment as a function of spawning stock abundance and the number of days that ice cover exceeded 40% during egg incubation. This regression model (R2 = 0.62) demonstrated improved hindcasting ability of historic recruitment when compared to the Beverton-Holt (R2 = 0.37) or the Ricker (R2 = 0.33) stock-recruitment models for the 1961-1985 cohorts. The biotic/abiotic recruitment model for the North Shore hindcasted lake whitefish recruitment as a function of average air temperature in May after larval emergence, the number of days that ice concentration exceeded 70% during egg incubation, and spawning stock abundance. The regression model (R2 = 0.57) also demonstrated. improved hindcasting ability of historical recruitment when compared with Beverton-Holt (R2 = 0.09) or the Ricker (R2 = 0.13) stock-recruitment models. Results of this study indicate that biotic/abiotic recruitment models were more successful in hindcasting recruitment than solely biologically based stock-recruitment relationships. Consideration of significant abiotic variables will be useful in the management of lake whitefish stocks in the Great Lakes by improving forecasts of recruitment. C1 NOAA,GREAT LAKES ENVIRONM RES LAB,ANN ARBOR,MI 48105. RP BROWN, RW (reprint author), MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DEPT FISHERIES & WILDLIFE,E LANSING,MI 48824, USA. NR 33 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 2 U2 10 PU INT ASSOC GREAT LAKES RES PI ANN ARBOR PA 2200 BONISTEEL BLVD, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109-2099 SN 0380-1330 J9 J GREAT LAKES RES JI J. Gt. Lakes Res. PY 1993 VL 19 IS 2 BP 418 EP 428 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA LN307 UT WOS:A1993LN30700021 ER PT J AU QUIGLEY, MA AF QUIGLEY, MA TI 3 INITIATIVES THAT DESERVE OUR ATTENTION AND SUPPORT SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material RP QUIGLEY, MA (reprint author), NOAA,GLERL,ANN ARBOR,MI 48105, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ASSOC GREAT LAKES RES PI ANN ARBOR PA 2200 BONISTEEL BLVD, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109-2099 SN 0380-1330 J9 J GREAT LAKES RES JI J. Gt. Lakes Res. PY 1993 VL 19 IS 3 BP 497 EP 497 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA MB675 UT WOS:A1993MB67500001 ER PT J AU NALEPA, TF CAVALETTO, JF FORD, M GORDON, WM WIMMER, M AF NALEPA, TF CAVALETTO, JF FORD, M GORDON, WM WIMMER, M TI SEASONAL AND ANNUAL VARIATION IN WEIGHT AND BIOCHEMICAL CONTENT OF THE ZEBRA MUSSEL, DREISSENA-POLYMORPHA, IN LAKE ST-CLAIR SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE LIPIDS; CARBON; NITROGEN; LAKE ST-CLAIR; ZEBRA MUSSELS ID SNAILS HELISOMA-TRIVOLVIS; MYTILUS-EDULIS-L; NATURAL-POPULATIONS; LYMNAEA-PALUSTRIS; FLAME IONIZATION; GREAT-LAKES; GROWTH; NITROGEN; BIOENERGETICS; CARBON AB Zebra mussels, Dreissena polymorpha, were collected monthly from April/May to November in 1990 and 1991 from two sites in Lake St. Clair. The sites were characterized by relatively high and low mussel densities. The following variables were measured: ash-free dry weight (AFDW) per unit shell length (SL), lipid content and classes, carbon content, and nitrogen content. Mussels from the high-density site had a lower AFDW. SL relationship, lower lipid content, and a lower C:N ratio than mussels from the low-density site. Seasonal trends in these variables were consistent between sites and years. AFDW:SL, lipid, and carbon content were highest in the spring and then declined to minimum levels in late summer/fall. The mean seasonal decline in weight from spring to late summer for a standard 15-mm mussel was 60%. This decline was greater than might be expected from gamete release alone and was likely a result of nutritional stress from warm summer temperatures and limited food supplies. Between 1990 and 1991, the mean AFDW of a 15-mm mussel declined 34% and 50% at the high- and low-density site, respectively. However, when C:N ratios and lipid levels in 1990 and 1991 were compared, C:N ratios were only lower in fall 1991 compared to fall 1990, and lipid levels for the 2 years were generally similar. RP NALEPA, TF (reprint author), NOAA,GREAT LAKES ENVIRONM RES LAB,2205 COMMONWEALTH BLVD,ANN ARBOR,MI 48105, USA. NR 57 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 16 PU INT ASSOC GREAT LAKES RES PI ANN ARBOR PA 2200 BONISTEEL BLVD, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109-2099 SN 0380-1330 J9 J GREAT LAKES RES JI J. Gt. Lakes Res. PY 1993 VL 19 IS 3 BP 541 EP 552 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA MB675 UT WOS:A1993MB67500006 ER PT J AU LANSING, MB GARDNER, WS EADIE, BJ AF LANSING, MB GARDNER, WS EADIE, BJ TI CATECHOLAMINES AS POTENTIAL SUBLETHAL STRESS INDICATORS IN GREAT-LAKES MACROBENTHIC INVERTEBRATES SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE CATECHOLAMINES; CHIRONOMIDS; LINDANE; BIOCONCENTRATION ID STYLODRILUS-HERINGIANUS LUMBRICULIDAE; CHIRONOMIDAE DIPTERA LARVAE; CENTRAL NERVOUS-SYSTEM; HEAT-SHOCK; MORPHOLOGICAL DEFORMITIES; PLASMA-CATECHOLAMINES; SUBLETHAL RESPONSES; BIOGENIC-AMINES; DOPAMINE; SEDIMENT AB Concentrations of the catecholamines [dopamine (D), and norepinephrine (NE)] were measured in representative Great Lakes macrobenthic invertebrates to determine the feasibility of using these compounds as indicators of sub-lethal stress. Epinephrine [E] was not detected in most of these invertebrates. A high performance liquid chromatographic procedure was modified for use with aquatic invertebrates. Chironomids and oligochaetes contained D concentrations that were similar, averaging 1 pmole/mg wet wt. Crustacean D levels were lower, averaging 0.2 pmole/mg wet wt. NE averaged 0.2 pmole/mg wet wt. for chironomids and 0.57 pmole/mg wet wt. for oligochaetes. NE was not detected in the crustaceans. Individual chironomids contained detectable levels of catecholamines; all other invertebrates required pooled homogenates. The chironomid group was targeted for laboratory stress experiments. Cultured midge larvae (Chironomus tentans) subjected to acute thermal stress (35-degrees-C) exhibited D concentrations significantly lower than controls (23-degrees-C). Animals exposed to lindane concentrations 0.5 mg/L - 8.0 mg/L contained D concentrations significantly higher than controls. NE and E were not detected in either stress experiment. Demonstration of dramatic catecholamine concentration changes in response to stressors suggests that these compounds could potentially be indicators of sublethal stress. RP LANSING, MB (reprint author), NOAA,GREAT LAKES ENVIRONM RES LAB,2205 COMMONWEALTH BLVD,ANN ARBOR,MI 48105, USA. NR 76 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU INT ASSOC GREAT LAKES RES PI ANN ARBOR PA 2200 BONISTEEL BLVD, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109-2099 SN 0380-1330 J9 J GREAT LAKES RES JI J. Gt. Lakes Res. PY 1993 VL 19 IS 3 BP 569 EP 581 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA MB675 UT WOS:A1993MB67500008 ER PT J AU QUINN, FH DERECKI, JA SELLINGER, CE AF QUINN, FH DERECKI, JA SELLINGER, CE TI PRE-1900 ST-CLAIR RIVER FLOW REGIME SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE ST-CLAIR RIVER; CHANNEL FLOW; STAGE-DISCHARGE RELATIONS AB The St. Clair River is the outlet channel for Lakes Michigan and Huron to the lower Great Lakes. The river's hydraulic characteristics naturally regulate Lakes Michigan-Huron's water levels by controlling the amount of water that flows out of the lakes. Accurate determinations of the outflows are necessary, in conjunction with the St. Marys River flows and lake level data, to determine the water supplies to Lakes Michigan-Huron. The hydraulic regime of the river has been changed many times since the mid-1800s primarily due to dredging for deeper draft navigation and sand and gravel mining. In addition there have also been minor effects due to shipwrecks at the head of the river. For water resource studies of the Great Lakes system it would be highly desirable to determine Lakes Michigan-Huron's water supplies for the period 1860-1900. Additional water supply values would extend the available period of study by 40 years or approximately 45 percent. This period is also particularly important as it contains extreme high water supplies that led to record Lakes Michigan-Huron water levels. This study comprised an analysis of the existing discharge and dredging data for the 1860-1902 period to determine if discharge equations could be developed with sufficient accuracy to compute monthly St. Clair River flows. The analysis demonstrated that it is not possible to quantify St. Clair River flows prior to 1900, thus limiting the period available for determining Lakes Michigan-Huron water supplies to this century. The study also confirmed the previously determined 0.18 m lowering of Lakes Michigan-Huron between 1900 and present due to channel dredging in the upper river. RP QUINN, FH (reprint author), NOAA,GREAT LAKES ENVIRONM RES LAB,ANN ARBOR,MI 48105, USA. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU INT ASSOC GREAT LAKES RES PI ANN ARBOR PA 2200 BONISTEEL BLVD, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109-2099 SN 0380-1330 J9 J GREAT LAKES RES JI J. Gt. Lakes Res. PY 1993 VL 19 IS 4 BP 660 EP 664 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA MV465 UT WOS:A1993MV46500004 ER PT J AU HERRING, RA GAYLE, FW PICKENS, JR AF HERRING, RA GAYLE, FW PICKENS, JR TI HIGH-RESOLUTION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY STUDY OF A HIGH-COPPER VARIANT OF WELDALITE 049 AND A HIGH-STRENGTH AL-CU-AG-MG-ZR ALLOY SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID METASTABLE PRECIPITATE; OMEGA-PHASE AB A high-resolution electron microscopy study was preformed on two high-strength aluminium alloys, an Al-6.2Cu-0.4Ag-0.4Mg-0.2Zr alloy and a similar alloy but having a low lithium addition (1.25 wt%), named Weldalite 049, in order to identify their principal strengthening phase. The lattice images of the principal strengthening phase in these alloys were found to be different. The former alloy had the so-called OMEGA phase, which agrees with previous publications, whereas Weldalite 049 had a phase similar to, but not exactly like, the so-called T1 phase which is the principal strengthening phase of some high lithium (greater-than-or-equal-to 2 wt%) AlCuLi allays. C1 MARTIN MARIETTA CORP LABS,BALTIMORE,MD 21227. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 20 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 6 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD JAN 1 PY 1993 VL 28 IS 1 BP 69 EP 73 DI 10.1007/BF00349035 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA KM821 UT WOS:A1993KM82100011 ER PT J AU VARBERG, TD EVENSON, KM AF VARBERG, TD EVENSON, KM TI THE ROTATIONAL SPECTRUM OF OH IN THE UPSILON = 0-3 LEVELS OF ITS GROUND-STATE SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article ID MANY-BODY CALCULATIONS; DIATOMIC-MOLECULES; HYPERFINE CONSTANTS; VIBRATION-ROTATION; MICROWAVE-SPECTRUM; INFRARED-SPECTRUM; PARAMETERS; SPECTROSCOPY; CHI-2-PI; BANDS C1 MACALESTER COLL,DEPT CHEM,ST PAUL,MN 55105. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV TIME & FREQUENCY,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 31 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-2852 J9 J MOL SPECTROSC JI J. Mol. Spectrosc. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 157 IS 1 BP 55 EP 67 DI 10.1006/jmsp.1993.1005 PG 13 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA KG517 UT WOS:A1993KG51700005 ER PT J AU MATANO, RP AF MATANO, RP TI ON THE SEPARATION OF THE BRAZIL CURRENT FROM THE COAST SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID ANTARCTIC CIRCUMPOLAR CURRENT; MALVINAS CURRENTS; OCEAN CIRCULATION; ATLANTIC-OCEAN; WIND STRESS; WORLD OCEAN; CONFLUENCE; EDDIES; MODEL AB A series of numerical experiments, using analytical and numerical models, leads to the conclusion that the separation of the Brazil Current from the coast can be related to the northward momentum of the Malvinas Current. Experiments in which the Malvinas Current has a low transport show the Brazil Current separating where the curl of the wind stress vanishes, seven degrees south of the observed separation latitude of 38-degrees-S. If, however, the flow distribution at the Drake Passage is adjusted so that the transport of the Malvinas Current is increased, then the model predicts thal the latitude where the Brazil Current separates from the coast is near its observed value. C1 PRINCETON UNIV,ATMOSPHER & OCEAN SCI PROGRAM,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. NR 40 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0022-3670 J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR JI J. Phys. Oceanogr. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 23 IS 1 BP 79 EP 90 DI 10.1175/1520-0485(1993)023<0079:OTSOTB>2.0.CO;2 PG 12 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA KL857 UT WOS:A1993KL85700005 ER PT J AU OEY, LY MELLOR, GL AF OEY, LY MELLOR, GL TI SUBTIDAL VARIABILITY OF ESTUARINE OUTFLOW, PLUME, AND COASTAL CURRENT - A MODEL STUDY SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Note ID SHELF; FLOWS AB The time evolution of an estuary plume and its coastal front over a continental shelf is numerically calculated here using a three-dimensional model with eddy mixing based on the turbulence kinetic energy closure. The plume and front system is found to be unsteady with a natural period of about 5-10 days, during which the plume pulsates and intermittent coastal currents propagate down the coast. C1 PRINCETON UNIV,ATMOSPHER & OCEAN SCI PROGRAM,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. RP OEY, LY (reprint author), STEVENS INST TECHNOL,DEPT CIVIL ENVIRONM & COASTAL ENGN,HOBOKEN,NJ 07030, USA. NR 12 TC 89 Z9 91 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0022-3670 J9 J PHYS OCEANOGR JI J. Phys. Oceanogr. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 23 IS 1 BP 164 EP 171 DI 10.1175/1520-0485(1993)023<0164:SVOEOP>2.0.CO;2 PG 8 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA KL857 UT WOS:A1993KL85700014 ER PT J AU LINDSTROM, RM ZEISLER, R VINCENT, DH GREENBERG, RR STONE, CA MACKEY, EA ANDERSON, DL CLARK, DD AF LINDSTROM, RM ZEISLER, R VINCENT, DH GREENBERG, RR STONE, CA MACKEY, EA ANDERSON, DL CLARK, DD TI NEUTRON-CAPTURE PROMPT GAMMA-RAY ACTIVATION-ANALYSIS AT THE NIST COLD NEUTRON RESEARCH FACILITY SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY-ARTICLES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON MODERN TRENDS IN ACTIVATION ANALYSIS ( MTAA 8 ) CY SEP 16-20, 1991 CL VIENNA, AUSTRIA ID SCATTERING; RATES AB An instrument for neutron capture prompt gamma-ray activation analysis (PGAA) has been constructed as part of the Cold Neutron Research Facility at the 20 MW National Institute of Standards and Technology Research Reactor. The neutron fluence rate (thermal equivalent) is 1.5 . 10(8) n . cm-2 . s-1, with negligible fast neutrons and gamma-rays. With compact geometry and hydrogen-free construction, the sensitivity is sevenfold better than an existing thermal instrument. Hydrogen background is thirtyfold lower. C1 US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. CORNELL UNIV,ITHACA,NY 14853. RP LINDSTROM, RM (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 17 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 1 PU AKADEMIAI KIADO PI BUDAPEST PA PO BOX 245, H-1519 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOAN NUCL CH AR JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.-Artic. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 167 IS 1 BP 121 EP 126 DI 10.1007/BF02035470 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA KJ310 UT WOS:A1993KJ31000015 ER PT J AU MACKEY, EA COPLEY, JRD AF MACKEY, EA COPLEY, JRD TI SCATTERING AND ABSORPTION EFFECTS IN NEUTRON BEAM ACTIVATION-ANALYSIS EXPERIMENTS SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY-ARTICLES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON MODERN TRENDS IN ACTIVATION ANALYSIS ( MTAA 8 ) CY SEP 16-20, 1991 CL VIENNA, AUSTRIA AB We have investigated the effects of scattering and absorption in neutron beam activation analysis experiments, both by direct measurement and by Monte Carlo simulation. Significant sensitivity enhancements occur for thin disks placed at 45-degrees to the beam but very much smaller effects occur for spheres. The agreement between measurement and calculation is generally good. RP MACKEY, EA (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 12 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU AKADEMIAI KIADO PI BUDAPEST PA PO BOX 245, H-1519 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOAN NUCL CH AR JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.-Artic. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 167 IS 1 BP 127 EP 132 DI 10.1007/BF02035471 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA KJ310 UT WOS:A1993KJ31000016 ER PT J AU BODE, P LINDSTROM, RM AF BODE, P LINDSTROM, RM TI ADVANCED DETECTOR SYSTEMS - WHAT DO THEY HAVE TO OFFER FOR ACTIVATION-ANALYSIS SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY-ARTICLES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON MODERN TRENDS IN ACTIVATION ANALYSIS ( MTAA 8 ) CY SEP 16-20, 1991 CL VIENNA, AUSTRIA AB Neutron activated reference materials have been analyzed using a standard Ge(Li)-detector with 17% relative efficiency, a very large Ge-detector with 96% relative efficiency, and a well-type Ge detector Sensitivities are presented, and usefulness of these systems for NAA is compared on the basis of performance, economics and complexity C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,INORGAN ANALYT RES DIV,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP BODE, P (reprint author), DELFT UNIV TECHNOL,INST INTERFAC REACTOR,MEKELWEG 15,2629 JB DELFT,NETHERLANDS. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AKADEMIAI KIADO PI BUDAPEST PA PO BOX 245, H-1519 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOAN NUCL CH AR JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.-Artic. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 167 IS 1 BP 187 EP 195 DI 10.1007/BF02035479 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA KJ310 UT WOS:A1993KJ31000024 ER PT J AU ZEISLER, R STONE, SF VISCIDI, RP CERNY, EH AF ZEISLER, R STONE, SF VISCIDI, RP CERNY, EH TI SOL PARTICLE IMMUNOASSAYS USING COLLOIDAL GOLD AND NEUTRON-ACTIVATION SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY-ARTICLES LA English DT Article AB The feasibility of performing immunoassays with colloidal gold labels and detection of Au-198 by neutron activation has been demonstrated with measurements of human immunoglobulin and of serum antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus type 1. The detection sensitivity achieved after activation in a high flux reactor or with a water moderated Cf-252 source, by gamma-counting or by autoradiography. is similar to the sensitivity obtained with absorbance measurements in the more common enzyme immunoassays. The reactor based neutron activation assay allows detection of 10(-16) mol of analyte in routine operation with possible extension to 10(-20) mol. The sensitivity with the 1.3 Ci Cf-252 source is limited to about 10(-15) mol. The practical limitations of the assay's sensitivity al this point are due to background signals from reagents and/or nonspecific binding of the gold labeled reagent. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,CTR ANALYT CHEM,GAITHERSBURG,MD. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH MED,EUDOWOOD DIV INFECT DIS,DEPT PEDIAT,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. UNIV GENEVA,FONDAT RECH MED,CH-1211 GENEVA 4,SWITZERLAND. NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AKADEMIAI KIADO PI BUDAPEST PA PO BOX 245, H-1519 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOAN NUCL CH AR JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.-Artic. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 167 IS 2 BP 445 EP 452 DI 10.1007/BF02037202 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA KM217 UT WOS:A1993KM21700022 ER PT J AU ATKINSON, S GILMARTIN, WG LASLEY, BL AF ATKINSON, S GILMARTIN, WG LASLEY, BL TI TESTOSTERONE RESPONSE TO A GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING-HORMONE AGONIST IN HAWAIIAN MONK SEALS (MONACHUS-SCHAUINSLANDI) SO JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTION AND FERTILITY LA English DT Article ID MICROCAPSULES; INHIBITION; ANALOG; RATS AB Adult male Hawaiian monk seals were administered a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist to determine its effectiveness in reducing the testicular production of testosterone. Blood samples were collected from four treated seals and two control seals at weekly intervals for 10 weeks and again at the beginning of the following breeding season. The GnRH-agonist had an initial, brief, stimulating effect on circulating testosterone, but this was followed by an inhibitory effect that lasted for 7 to 8 weeks. The plasma concentrations of testosterone were within normal ranges by the following spring. These results demonstrate a reversible form of long-term androgen suppression, which may have applicability in a variety of wildlife management programmes. C1 NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,SW FISHERIES SCI CTR,HONOLULU LAB,HONOLULU,HI 96822. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,SCH VET MED,DEPT REPROD,DAVIS,CA 95616. RP ATKINSON, S (reprint author), UNIV HAWAII,HAWAII INST MARINE BIOL,1000 POPE RD,MARINE SCI BLDG 212,HONOLULU,HI 96822, USA. NR 20 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU J REPROD FERTIL INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 22 NEWMARKET RD, CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND CB5 8DT SN 0022-4251 J9 J REPROD FERTIL JI J. Reprod. Fertil. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 97 IS 1 BP 35 EP 38 PG 4 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA KK741 UT WOS:A1993KK74100006 PM 8464023 ER PT J AU PRASK, HJ ROWE, JM RUSH, JJ SCHRODER, IG AF PRASK, HJ ROWE, JM RUSH, JJ SCHRODER, IG TI THE NIST COLD NEUTRON RESEARCH FACILITY SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE COLD NEUTRONS; GUIDE HALL; NEUTRON FACILITIES; NEUTRON GUIDES; NEUTRON INSTRUMENTATION; NEUTRON PROPERTIES; NEUTRONS; RESEARCH REACTORS AB The Cold Neutron Research Facility (CNRF) at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Research Reactor (NBSR) is now coming on line, with the first seven experimental stations operational, and more stations scheduled to be installed during 1992. The present article provides an introduction to the facility, and to other articles in the current issue that give more details on some of the research opportunities that the facility will bring to NIST. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, DIV REACTOR RADIAT, COLD NEUTRON PROJECT, GAITHERSBURG, MD USA. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, NEUTRON CONDENSED MATTER SCI GRP, GAITHERSBURG, MD USA. RP PRASK, HJ (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, MAT SCI & ENGN LAB, DIV REACTOR RADIAT, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. RI Rowe, J Michael Rowe/D-2943-2013 NR 0 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 3 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA SN 1044-677X J9 J RES NATL INST STAN JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 98 IS 1 BP 1 EP 13 DI 10.6028/jres.098.001 PG 13 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA KQ744 UT WOS:A1993KQ74400001 PM 28053454 ER PT J AU BERK, NF AF BERK, NF TI OUTLINE OF NEUTRON-SCATTERING FORMALISM SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ELASTIC SCATTERING; INELASTIC SCATTERING; NEUTRON SCATTERING; NEUTRON SCATTERING THEORY; QUASI-ELASTIC SCATTERING; SMALL ANGLE SCATTERING ID SURFACES AB Neutron scattering formalism is briefly surveyed. Topics touched upon include coherent and incoherent scattering, bound and free cross-sections, the Van Hove formalism, magnetic scattering, clastic scattering, the static approximation, sum rules, small angle scattering, inelastic scattering, thermal diffuse scattering, quasielastic scattering, and neutron optics. RP BERK, NF (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, MAT SCI & ENGN LAB, DIV REACTOR RADIAT, GAITHERSBURG, MD USA. NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA SN 1044-677X J9 J RES NATL INST STAN JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 98 IS 1 BP 15 EP 30 DI 10.6028/jres.098.002 PG 16 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA KQ744 UT WOS:A1993KQ74400002 PM 28053455 ER PT J AU HAMMOUDA, B KRUEGER, S GLINKA, CJ AF HAMMOUDA, B KRUEGER, S GLINKA, CJ TI SMALL-ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING AT THE NATIONAL-INSTITUTE-OF-STANDARDS-AND-TECHNOLOGY SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE CERAMIC MORPHOLOGY; MACROMOLECULES IN SOLUTION; METAL ALLOYS; MICROSTRUCTURE; POLYMER STRUCTURE; PROTEIN-DNA COMPLEXES; SINTERING; SMALL-ANGLE NEUTRON SCATTERING ID ADSORBED POLYMER LAYERS; PRESSED SILICON-CARBIDE; TRANSFER RNA-SYNTHETASE; POLYVINYL METHYL-ETHER); MACROMOLECULAR ORIENTATION; DEUTERATED POLYSTYRENE; BIOLOGICAL STRUCTURES; BRANCHED POLYMERS; RIBOSOMAL-SUBUNIT; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT AB The small angle neutron scattering technique is a valuable method for the characterization of morphology of various materials. It can probe inhomogeneities in the sample (whether occurring naturally or introduced through isotopic substitution) at a length scale from the atomic size (nanometers) to the macroscopic (micrometers) size. This work provides an overview of the small angle neutron scattering facilities at the National Institute of Standards and Technology and a review of the technique as it has been applied to polymer systems, biological macromolecules, ceramic, and metallic materials. Specific examples have been included. RP HAMMOUDA, B (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, DIV REACTOR RADIAT, GAITHERSBURG, MD USA. NR 113 TC 88 Z9 88 U1 2 U2 15 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA SN 1044-677X J9 J RES NATL INST STAN JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 98 IS 1 BP 31 EP 46 DI 10.6028/jres.098.003 PG 16 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA KQ744 UT WOS:A1993KQ74400003 PM 28053456 ER PT J AU ANKNER, JF MAJKRZAK, CF SATIJA, SK AF ANKNER, JF MAJKRZAK, CF SATIJA, SK TI NEUTRON REFLECTIVITY AND GRAZING ANGLE DIFFRACTION SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE DIFFRACTION; INTERFACES; NEUTRON REFLECTIVITY; POLYMER INTERFACES; SURFACES; THIN FILMS ID BRAGG-DIFFRACTION; SURFACE; SCATTERING; MORPHOLOGY; FILMS AB Over the last 10 years, neutron reflectivity has emerged as a powerful technique for the investigation of surface and interfacial phenomena in many different fields. In this paper, a short review of some of the work on neutron reflectivity and grazing-angle diffraction as well as a description of the current and planned neutron reflectometers at NIST is presented. Specific examples of the characterization of magnetic, superconducting, and polymeric surfaces and interfaces are included. RP ANKNER, JF (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, MAT SCI & ENGN LAB, DIV REACTOR RADIAT, GAITHERSBURG, MD USA. OI Ankner, John/0000-0002-6737-5718 NR 34 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 7 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA SN 1044-677X J9 J RES NATL INST STAN JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 98 IS 1 BP 47 EP 58 DI 10.6028/jres.098.004 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA KQ744 UT WOS:A1993KQ74400004 PM 28053457 ER PT J AU TREVINO, SF AF TREVINO, SF TI THE TRIPLE AXIS AND SPINS SPECTROMETERS SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CONDENSED MATTER SPECTROSCOPY; DISPERSION CURVES; HYDROGEN VIBRATIONS AND TRANSLATIONAL DIFFUSION; INELASTIC NEUTRON SCATTERING; MAGNETIC EXCITATIONS; NEUTRON SPECTROMETER; PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY SPECTROSCOPY; POLARIZED NEUTRONS; ROTATIONAL DIFFUSION; SPINS SPECTROMETER; SOLID STATE TUNNELING; TRIPLE AXIS SPECTROMETER AB In this paper are described the triple axis and spin polarized inelastic neutron scattering (SPINS) spectrometers which are installed at the NIST Cold Neutron Research Facility (CNRF). The general principle of operation of these two instruments is described in sufficient detail to allow the reader to make an informed decision as to their usefulness for his needs. However, it is the intention of the staff at the CNRF to provide the expert resources for their efficient use in any given situation. Thus, this work is not intended as a user manual but rather as a guide into the range of applicability of the two instruments. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, MAT SCI & ENGN LAB, DIV REACTOR RADIAT, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. RP TREVINO, SF (reprint author), ARDEC, PICATINNY ARSENAL, NJ 07806 USA. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA SN 1044-677X J9 J RES NATL INST STAN JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 98 IS 1 BP 59 EP 69 DI 10.6028/jres.098.005 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA KQ744 UT WOS:A1993KQ74400005 PM 28053458 ER PT J AU COPLEY, JRD UDOVIC, TJ AF COPLEY, JRD UDOVIC, TJ TI NEUTRON TIME-OF-FLIGHT SPECTROSCOPY SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE DIFFUSION; HYDROGEN IN METALS; INELASTIC SCATTERING; NEUTRON CHOPPERS; NEUTRON INELASTIC SCATTERING; QUASI-ELASTIC NEUTRON SCATTERING; TIME-OF-FLIGHT SPECTROSCOPY; TUNNELING SPECTROSCOPY; VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY ID LIGHT INTERSTITIALS; SCATTERING; HYDROGEN; DIFFUSION; METALS; ZN1-XCOXS; DYNAMICS; ZEOLITE; NB(OH)X; ALLOYS AB The time-of-flight technique is employed in two of the instruments at the NIST Cold Neutron Research Facility (CNRF). A pulsed monochromatic beam strikes the sample, and the energies of scattered neutrons are determined from their times-of-flight to an array of detectors. The time-of-flight method may be used in a variety of types of experiments such as studies of vibrational and magnetic excitations, tunneling spectroscopy, and quasielastic scattering studies of diffusional behavior; several examples of experiments are discussed. We also present brief descriptions of the CNRF time-of-flight instruments, including their modi operandi and some of their more pertinent parameters and performance characteristics. RP COPLEY, JRD (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, MAT SCI & ENGN LAB, DIV REACTOR RADIAT, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. NR 35 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 5 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA SN 1044-677X J9 J RES NATL INST STAN JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 98 IS 1 BP 71 EP 87 DI 10.6028/jres.098.006 PG 17 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA KQ744 UT WOS:A1993KQ74400006 PM 28053459 ER PT J AU NEUMANN, DA HAMMOUDA, B AF NEUMANN, DA HAMMOUDA, B TI ULTRA-HIGH RESOLUTION INELASTIC NEUTRON-SCATTERING SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE DIFFUSION; INELASTIC NEUTRON SCATTERING; MOLECULAR REORIENTATIONS, NEUTRON BACKSCATTERING SPECTROMETERS; NEUTRON SPIN-ECHO SPECTROMETERS; POLYMER DYNAMICS; ROTATIONAL TUNNELING ID DILUTE POLYMER-SOLUTIONS; BCC BETA-TITANIUM; SOLID NITROMETHANE; SPINODAL DECOMPOSITION; SELF-DIFFUSION; DYNAMICS; REORIENTATION; DEPENDENCE; MOLECULES; PRESSURE AB Two types of ultra high energy resolution neutron scattering instruments, the backscattering spectrometer and the spin echo spectrometer, are described. Examples of the types of research which can be done with these instruments are given and plans for a cold neutron backscattering spectrometer which will be built in the NIST Cold Neutron Research Facility (CNRF) are discussed. It is hoped that this information will be of use to researchers considering neutron scattering experiments at NIST. RP NEUMANN, DA (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, MAT SCI & ENGN LAB, DIV REACTOR RADIAT, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. NR 51 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA SN 1044-677X J9 J RES NATL INST STAN JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 98 IS 1 BP 89 EP 108 DI 10.6028/jres.098.007 PG 20 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA KQ744 UT WOS:A1993KQ74400007 PM 28053460 ER PT J AU DOWNING, RG LAMAZE, GP LANGLAND, JK HWANG, ST AF DOWNING, RG LAMAZE, GP LANGLAND, JK HWANG, ST TI NEUTRON DEPTH PROFILING - OVERVIEW AND DESCRIPTION OF NIST FACILITIES SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE BORON; COLD NEUTRONS; LITHIUM; NDP; NEUTRON DEPTH PROFILING; NITROGEN; OXYGEN; SILICON; SURFACE ANALYSIS ID NUCLEAR-REACTION B-10(N,ALPHA)LI-7; HYDROGENATED AMORPHOUS-SILICON; STOPPING POWER ADDITIVITY; LI-6(N,T) HE-4 REACTIONS; ION-IMPLANTED BORON; COINCIDENCE SPECTROMETRY; RANGE PROFILES; POLYCRYSTALLINE SILICON; LATTICE LOCALIZATION; BACKGROUND REDUCTION AB The Cold Neutron Depth Profiling (CNDP) instrument at the NIST Cold Neutron Research Facility (CNRF) is now operational. The neutron beam originates from a 16 L D2O ice cold source and passes through a filter of 135 mm of single crystal sapphire. The neutron energy spectrum may be described by a 65 K Maxwellian distribution. The sample chamber configuration allows for remote controlled scanning of 150 x 150 mm sample areas including the varying of both sample and detector angle. The improved sensitivity over the current thermal depth profiling instrument has permitted the first nondestructive measurements of O-17 profiles. This paper describes the CNDP instrument, illustrates the neutron depth profiling (NDP) technique with examples, and gives a separate bibliography of NDP publications. C1 KOREA RES INST STAND & SCI, TAEJON 305606, SOUTH KOREA. RP DOWNING, RG (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, CHEM SCI & TECHNOL LAB, DIV INORGAN ANALYT RES, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. NR 130 TC 69 Z9 69 U1 1 U2 9 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA SN 1044-677X J9 J RES NATL INST STAN JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 98 IS 1 BP 109 EP 126 DI 10.6028/jres.098.008 PG 18 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA KQ744 UT WOS:A1993KQ74400008 PM 28053461 ER PT J AU LINDSTROM, RM AF LINDSTROM, RM TI PROMPT-GAMMA ACTIVATION-ANALYSIS SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ACTIVATION ANALYSIS; COLD NEUTRON BEAMS; ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS; NEUTRON CAPTURE GAMMA RAYS; NUCLEAR ANALYTICAL METHODS; PROMPT GAMMA-RAYS ID NEUTRON-CAPTURE; RAY SPECTROMETRY; SCATTERING; STANDARDS; FACILITY; ELEMENTS; SAMPLES AB A permanent, full-time instrument for prompt-gamma activation analysis is nearing completion as part of the Cold Neutron Research Facility (CNRF). The design of the analytical system has been optimized for high gamma detection efficiency and low background, particularly for hydrogen. Because of the purity of the neutron beam, shielding requirements are modest and the scatter-capture background is low. As a result of a compact sample-detector geometry, the sensitivity (counting rate per gram of analyte) is a factor of four better than the existing Maryland-NIST thermal-neutron instrument at this reactor. Hydrogen backgrounds of a few micrograms bate already been achieved, which promises to be of value in numerous applications where quantitative nondestructive analysis of small quantities of hydrogen in materials is necessary. RP LINDSTROM, RM (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, CHEM SCI & TECHNOL LAB, DIV INORGAN ANALYT RES, NUCL METHODS GRP, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. NR 38 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 6 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA SN 1044-677X J9 J RES NATL INST STAN JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 98 IS 1 BP 127 EP 133 DI 10.6028/jres.098.009 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA KQ744 UT WOS:A1993KQ74400009 PM 28053462 ER PT J AU ARIF, M DEWEY, MS GREENE, GL SNOW, WM AF ARIF, M DEWEY, MS GREENE, GL SNOW, WM TI FACILITIES FOR FUNDAMENTAL NEUTRON PHYSICS RESEARCH AT THE NIST COLD NEUTRON RESEARCH FACILITY SO JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE BETA-DECAY; NEUTRON DECAY; NEUTRON INTERFEROMETRY; NEUTRON LIFETIME, NEUTRON WAVE; VIBRATION ISOLATION AB The features of two fundamental neutron physics research stations at the NIST cold neutron research facility are described in some detail. A list of proposed initial experimental programs for these two stations is also given. RP ARIF, M (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, PHYS LAB, DIV IONIZING RADIAT, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA SN 1044-677X J9 J RES NATL INST STAN JI J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 98 IS 1 BP 135 EP 144 DI 10.6028/jres.098.010 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA KQ744 UT WOS:A1993KQ74400010 PM 28053463 ER PT J AU PARISE, JB TORARDI, CC RAWN, CJ ROTH, RS BURTON, BP SANTORO, A AF PARISE, JB TORARDI, CC RAWN, CJ ROTH, RS BURTON, BP SANTORO, A TI SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURE OF CA6BI6O15 - ITS RELATIONSHIP TO CA4BI6O13 SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PHASE-EQUILIBRIA; SYSTEMS; BISMUTH; OXIDE; CUO C1 SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT EARTH & SPACE SCI,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. DUPONT CO,CENT RES & DEV,EXPTL STN,WILMINGTON,DE 19880. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP PARISE, JB (reprint author), SUNY STONY BROOK,CTR HIGH PRESSURE RES,STONY BROOK,NY 11794, USA. NR 17 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-4596 J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 102 IS 1 BP 132 EP 139 DI 10.1006/jssc.1993.1015 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA KK624 UT WOS:A1993KK62400015 ER PT J AU RONA, PA PALMER, DR AF RONA, PA PALMER, DR TI IMAGING PLUMES BENEATH THE SEA SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Note RP RONA, PA (reprint author), NOAA,ATLANTIC OCEANOG & METEOROL LAB,4301 RICKENBACKER CAUSEWAY,MIAMI,FL 33149, USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 93 IS 1 BP 569 EP 570 DI 10.1121/1.405641 PG 2 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA KG415 UT WOS:A1993KG41500062 ER PT J AU DAILEY, MD FAST, ML BALAZS, GH AF DAILEY, MD FAST, ML BALAZS, GH TI HAPALOTREMA-DORSOPORA SP-N (TREMATODA, SPIRORCHIDAE) FROM THE HEART OF THE GREEN TURTLE (CHELONIA-MYDAS) WITH A REDESCRIPTION OF HAPALOTREMA-POSTORCHIS SO JOURNAL OF THE HELMINTHOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE TREMATODA; HAPALOTREMA-DORSOPORA SP-N; SPIRORCHIDAE; GREEN TURTLE; CHELONIA-MYDAS; HAWAII AB Hapalotrema dorsopora sp. n. from the heart of the green turtle Chelonia mydas is described. Hapalotrema dorsopora differs from all other members of the genus by having a separate dorsal uterine pore. Hapalotrema dorsopora most resembles Hapalotrema mehrai Rao, 1976, but differs, in addition to separate dorsal and ventral pores, in placement of testes and vitellaria and shape of ovary. Hapalotrema postorchis Rao, 1976, originally described from a single specimen, is redescribed. C1 NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,SW FISHERIES SCI CTR,HONOLULU LAB,HONOLULU,HI 96822. RP DAILEY, MD (reprint author), CALIF STATE UNIV LONG BEACH,INST OCEAN STUDIES,LONG BEACH,CA 90840, USA. NR 7 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU HELMINTHOLOGICAL SOC WASHINGTON PI LAWRENCE PA C/O ALLEN PRESS INC, 1041 NEW HAMPSHIRE ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 1049-233X J9 J HELMINTHOL SOC W JI J. Helminthol. Soc. Wash. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 60 IS 1 BP 5 EP 9 PG 5 WC Parasitology; Zoology SC Parasitology; Zoology GA KN931 UT WOS:A1993KN93100002 ER PT J AU SANSONETTI, CJ READER, J TAUHEED, A JOSHI, YN AF SANSONETTI, CJ READER, J TAUHEED, A JOSHI, YN TI SPECTRUM AND ENERGY-LEVELS OF TRIPLY IONIZED BARIUM (BA IV) SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID VI AB The spectrum of BaIV was observed with sliding sparks and low-inductance vacuum sparks on 10.7- and 3-m normal-incidence vacuum spectrographs. Thirty-nine lines between 463 and 923 angstrom are classified as transitions between levels of the 5S(2)5p52P ground term and levels of the 5s5p6, 5s(2)5p(4)5d, and 5S(2)5p(4)6s configurations. These configurations are theoretically interpreted, and the energy parameters determined from least-squares fits to the observed levels are compared with Hartree-Fock calculations. The ionization energy is revised to 379 300 +/- 2700 cm-1 (47.03 +/- 0.33 eV). C1 ST FRANCIS XAVIER UNIV,DEPT PHYS,ANTIGONISH B2G 1C0,NS,CANADA. RP SANSONETTI, CJ (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 15 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 10 IS 1 BP 7 EP 12 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.10.000007 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA KF646 UT WOS:A1993KF64600001 ER PT J AU SUGAR, J KAUFMAN, V ROWAN, WL AF SUGAR, J KAUFMAN, V ROWAN, WL TI IMPROVED WAVELENGTHS FOR PROMINENT LINES OF CR-XVI TO CR-XXII SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TRANSITIONS; NI AB New measurements of 34 spectral lines of highly ionized Cr ions in the range of 100-280 angstrom have been made with a wavelength uncertainty of +/-5 mangstrom. The light source was the TEXT tokamak at the University of Texas at Austin. Lines of Li-like to F-like Cr are included with visually estimated relative intensities, the best previous measurements, and their energy-level classifications. The uncertainties of the best earlier measurements were reported as +/-20-30 mangstrom, but much larger errors were found in some cases. C1 UNIV TEXAS,FUS RES CTR,AUSTIN,TX 78712. RP SUGAR, J (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 11 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 10 IS 1 BP 13 EP 15 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.10.000013 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA KF646 UT WOS:A1993KF64600002 ER PT J AU JONES, RD SCOTT, TR AF JONES, RD SCOTT, TR TI LASER-BEAM ANALYSIS PINPOINTS CRITICAL PARAMETERS SO LASER FOCUS WORLD LA English DT Article RP JONES, RD (reprint author), NATL INST STANDARDS & TECHNOL,DIV ELECTROMAGNET TECHNOL,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. NR 7 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENNWELL PUBL CO PI NASHUA PA 5TH FLOOR TEN TARA BOULEVARD, NASHUA, NH 03062-2801 SN 0740-2511 J9 LASER FOCUS WORLD JI Laser Focus World PD JAN PY 1993 VL 29 IS 1 BP 123 EP & PG 0 WC Optics SC Optics GA MC379 UT WOS:A1993MC37900033 ER PT J AU WILLIAMS, PA KOMITOV, L RAPPAPORT, AG THOMAS, BN CLARK, NA WALBA, DM DAY, GW AF WILLIAMS, PA KOMITOV, L RAPPAPORT, AG THOMAS, BN CLARK, NA WALBA, DM DAY, GW TI STUDIES OF THE HIGHER-ORDER SMECTIC PHASE OF THE LARGE ELECTROCLINIC EFFECT MATERIAL W317 SO LIQUID CRYSTALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14TH INTERNATIONAL LIQUID CRYSTAL CONF CY JUN 21-26, 1992 CL PISA, ITALY ID INDUCED MOLECULAR TILT; C-STAR TRANSITION; ELECTROOPTIC RESPONSE; SWITCHING BEHAVIOR; LIQUID-CRYSTALS; FIELD AB We present studies of the large electroclinic effect material W317. We found via X-ray scattering, calorimetry and optical observation that quenching from the smectic A* phase results in several higher order phases including an orthogonal (hexatic) smectic with short range in-layer translational order and no interlayer order. We characterize the electroclinic response in the quenched phase, and determine its magnitude and response time as a function of electric field amplitude and temperature. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BOULDER,CO 80303. CHALMERS UNIV TECHNOL,S-41296 GOTHENBURG,SWEDEN. EXXON RES & ENGN CO,ANNANDALE,NJ 08801. UNIV COLORADO,DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM,BOULDER,CO 80309. UNIV COLORADO,CTR OPTOELECTR COMP SYST,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP WILLIAMS, PA (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,DEPT PHYS,CONDENSED MATTER LAB,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. RI Clark, Noel/E-9011-2010; Walba, David/F-7284-2013 NR 13 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0267-8292 J9 LIQ CRYST JI Liq. Cryst. PY 1993 VL 14 IS 4 BP 1095 EP 1105 DI 10.1080/02678299308027818 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Crystallography; Materials Science GA LN304 UT WOS:A1993LN30400019 ER PT S AU UNGURIS, J PIERCE, DT CELOTTA, RJ STROSCIO, JA AF UNGURIS, J PIERCE, DT CELOTTA, RJ STROSCIO, JA BE Farrow, RFC Dieny, B Donath, M Fert, A Hermsmeier, BD TI SEMPA STUDIES OF OSCILLATORY EXCHANGE COUPLING SO MAGNETISM AND STRUCTURE IN SYSTEMS OF REDUCED DIMENSION SE NATO ADVANCED SCIENCE INSTITUTES SERIES, SERIES B, PHYSICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Magnetism and Structure in Systems of Reduced Dimension CY JUN 15-19, 1992 CL CARGESE, FRANCE SP NATO, SCI AFFAIRS DIV, USN, OFF NAVAL RES, IBM, RES DIV, ALMADEN RES CTR, IBM FRANCE C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RI Unguris, John/J-3989-2014 NR 0 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU PLENUM PRESS DIV PLENUM PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0258-1221 BN 0-306-44529-8 J9 NATO ADV SCI INST SE PY 1993 VL 309 BP 101 EP 112 PG 12 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA BZ59K UT WOS:A1993BZ59K00010 ER PT J AU SWYT, DA AF SWYT, DA TI THE TROUBLE WITH TIGHTENING TOLERANCES SO MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING LA English DT Article RP SWYT, DA (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV PRECIS ENGN,GAITHERSBURG,MD, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MANUFACTURING ENGINEERS PI DEARBORN PA ONE SME DRIVE, PO BOX 930, DEARBORN, MI 48121-0930 SN 0361-0853 J9 MANUF ENG JI Manuf. Eng. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 110 IS 1 BP 10 EP 10 PG 1 WC Engineering, Manufacturing SC Engineering GA KG006 UT WOS:A1993KG00600002 ER PT J AU THEILACKER, GH LO, NCH TOWNSEND, AW AF THEILACKER, GH LO, NCH TOWNSEND, AW TI AN IMMUNOCHEMICAL APPROACH TO QUANTIFYING PREDATION BY EUPHAUSIIDS ON THE EARLY STAGES OF ANCHOVY SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES LA English DT Article ID SIZE-SPECIFIC VULNERABILITY; CARNIVOROUS MARINE COPEPOD; HERRING CLUPEA-HARENGUS; COD GADUS-MORHUA; NORTHERN ANCHOVY; ENGRAULIS-MORDAX; MEGANYCTIPHANES-NORVEGICA; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; EGG CANNIBALISM; LARVAL FISH AB Off southern California (USA), euphausiid crustaceans appear to be significant predators on the early stages of northern anchovy Engraulis mordax. Between 47 and 78 % of the natural mortality of northern anchovy eggs and yolk-sac larvae can be explained by euphausiid predation. The incidence of predation was determined from direct evidence provided by an immunochemical technique that detects anchovy remains in individual euphausiids. Rates of predation were determined from euphausiid feeding rates and digestion rates. The impact on the anchovy population was estimated by quantifying predator abundance by species, estimating predator and prey co-occurrence considering the diel migratory patterns of the predator, determining the number of prey removed d-1, and generating natural mortality rates for the anchovy. Euphausiids ate 2.8 % of the anchovy population d-1 in the nearshore area and 1.7 % d-1 in the offshore area. C1 SW FISHERIES SCI CTR, LA JOLLA, CA 92038 USA. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO, SCRIPPS INST OCEANOG, MARINE LIFE RES GRP, LA JOLLA, CA 92093 USA. RP THEILACKER, GH (reprint author), ALASKA FISHERIES SCI CTR, 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA. NR 63 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0171-8630 J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 92 IS 1-2 BP 35 EP 50 DI 10.3354/meps092035 PG 16 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA KP581 UT WOS:A1993KP58100004 ER PT J AU BREAKER, LC BRATKOVICH, A AF BREAKER, LC BRATKOVICH, A TI COASTAL-OCEAN PROCESSES AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON THE OIL SPILLED OFF SAN-FRANCISCO BY THE M/V PUERTO-RICAN SO MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; DYNAMICS EXPERIMENT; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; CURRENTS; TEMPERATURE; SEA AB The oil tanker M/V Puerto Rican exploded on 31 October 1984 and later broke apart to produce a major oil spill in the coastal waters off San Francisco, California, USA. Oil from this spill initially moved to the SSW until 5 November, when it abruptly reversed direction and began moving rapidly to the north and then to the NNW during the following week. The oceanic processes that most likely contributed to the displacement of the oil spilled by the Puerto Rican are examined within the framework of a simple, empirical-hindcasting model. A large-scale flow component, wind drift, and tidal currents are included in the model. Wind drift, inferred by using a simple linear formulation, was the single most important factor in determining the over-all displacement of the oil. Residuals from the model, however, indicate that the winds alone could not fully account for the sudden and dramatic reversal in oil movement that occurred on 5 November 1984. This reversal was surge-like and coincided with an increase in sea level along the central California coast. Finally, the close agreement between the local and advective changes in sea-surface temperature in the Gulf of the Farallones at the time of the Puerto Rican oil spill indicate, although not conclusively, that this reversal could have been related to the onset of the Davidson Current or other larger-scale flow phenomena. C1 NOAA,GREAT LAKES ENVIRONM RES LAB,ANN ARBOR,MI 48105. UNIV MICHIGAN,DEPT ATMOSPHER OCEAN & SPACE SCI,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. RP BREAKER, LC (reprint author), NOAA,NATL WEATHER SERV,NATL METEOROL CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20233, USA. NR 43 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0141-1136 J9 MAR ENVIRON RES JI Mar. Environ. Res. PY 1993 VL 36 IS 3 BP 153 EP 184 DI 10.1016/0141-1136(93)90094-G PG 32 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology GA LN842 UT WOS:A1993LN84200002 ER PT J AU HANSON, PJ EVANS, DW COLBY, DR ZDANOWICZ, VS AF HANSON, PJ EVANS, DW COLBY, DR ZDANOWICZ, VS TI ASSESSMENT OF ELEMENTAL CONTAMINATION IN ESTUARINE AND COASTAL ENVIRONMENTS BASED ON GEOCHEMICAL AND STATISTICAL MODELING OF SEDIMENTS SO MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID WATER-QUALITY DATA; METAL CONCENTRATIONS; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; RIVER ESTUARY; HEAVY-METALS; POLLUTION; HISTORY AB Sediment of variable mineralogical, textural and metal contaminant composition was collected from 38 estuaries along the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coasts of the United States and analyzed for total Al, Ag, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, Si, Sn, Tl and Zn concentrations. Based on observed covariation of elements at 15 estuaries remote from contaminant inputs, linear regressions of metals on Al were used to model the metal content in baseline sediments. A geochemical model for the covariation was developed, verified and used to guide the statistical modelling approach. Comparison of metal concentrations predicted by the models with those occurring in uncontaminated geological materials suggests that baseline relationships are valid for the entire region sampled Using these baseline relationships, sediment metal concentrations can be partitioned into natural and anthropogenic fractions. Models improve the comparability of metal levels in sediments by correcting for variable background concentrations that, if left uncorrected, only serve to increase total data variability and reduce detection of spatial and temporal differences. Examples of the application of baseline models to pollution studies are provided. A continuing decline in Pb concentrations in Mississippi River delta sediments is observed consistent with the declining use of Pb additives in gasoline since 1970. Major spatial trends in contaminant metals in sediments along the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coasts are noted. C1 NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,NE FISHERIES CTR,SANDY HOOK LAB,HIGHLANDS,NJ 07732. RP HANSON, PJ (reprint author), NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,SE FISHERIES SCI CTR,BEAUFORT LAB,BEAUFORT,NC 28516, USA. NR 41 TC 118 Z9 123 U1 0 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0141-1136 J9 MAR ENVIRON RES JI Mar. Environ. Res. PY 1993 VL 36 IS 4 BP 237 EP 266 DI 10.1016/0141-1136(93)90091-D PG 30 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology GA LQ943 UT WOS:A1993LQ94300003 ER PT J AU ENGEL, DW BROUWER, M AF ENGEL, DW BROUWER, M TI CRUSTACEANS AS MODELS FOR METAL METABOLISM .1. EFFECTS OF THE MOLT CYCLE ON BLUE-CRAB METAL METABOLISM AND METALLOTHIONEIN SO MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symp on Responses of Marine Organisms to Pollutants CY APR 24-26, 1991 CL WOODS HOLE OCEANOG INST, WOODS HOLE, MA SP US EPA, WOODS HOLE OCEANOG INST, COASTAL RES CTR, US NATL OCEAN & ATMOSPHER ADM, WOODS HOLE OCEANOG INST, SEA GRANT PROGRAM HO WOODS HOLE OCEANOG INST ID CALLINECTES-SAPIDUS; COPPER AB The discontinuous-growth process (i.e. the molt cycle) of crustaceans and their ability to accumulate and regulate metals provide a unique system to study how alterations of specific metabolic processes can affect metal metabolism. We have shown that the extensive physiological and biochemical changes that take place during the molt cycle, particularly after ecdysis, affect metal metabolism in the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus. For example, there are significant changes in the concentrations of copper and zinc in both the hemolymph and the digestive gland Some of these occur quite rapidly. It has been possible to demonstrate shifts in the cytosolic distribution of copper and zinc in the digestive gland within 90 min of ecdysis that are correlated positively with the degadation of hemocyanin and the liberation of copper. A descriptive model has been developed that describes fluxes of copper and zinc during the molting process. C1 DUKE UNIV,MARINE LAB,BEAUFORT,NC 28516. RP ENGEL, DW (reprint author), NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,SE FISHERIES SCI CTR,BEAUFORT LAB,BEAUFORT,NC 28516, USA. NR 8 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0141-1136 J9 MAR ENVIRON RES JI Mar. Environ. Res. PY 1993 VL 35 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 5 DI 10.1016/0141-1136(93)90004-J PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology GA KJ063 UT WOS:A1993KJ06300002 ER PT J AU STEIN, JE COLLIER, TK REICHERT, WL CASILLAS, E HOM, T VARANASI, U AF STEIN, JE COLLIER, TK REICHERT, WL CASILLAS, E HOM, T VARANASI, U TI BIOINDICATORS OF CONTAMINANT EXPOSURE AND SUBLETHAL EFFECTS IN BENTHIC FISH FROM PUGET SOUND, WA, USA SO MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symp on Responses of Marine Organisms to Pollutants CY APR 24-26, 1991 CL WOODS HOLE OCEANOG INST, WOODS HOLE, MA SP US EPA, WOODS HOLE OCEANOG INST, COASTAL RES CTR, US NATL OCEAN & ATMOSPHER ADM, WOODS HOLE OCEANOG INST, SEA GRANT PROGRAM HO WOODS HOLE OCEANOG INST ID SOLE PAROPHRYS-VETULUS; ENZYMES AB A suite of chemical and biochemical parameters was measured in three species of benthic flatfish (English sole, Parophrys vetulus; rock sole, Lepidopsetta bilineata; and starry flounder, Platichthys stellatus) sampled from up to five sites in Puget Sound, WA, USA, to assess the sensitivity of the parameters to differences in levels of contaminant exposure and the relative merit of the use of a suite of indices for assessing exposure and sublethal effects. The indices examined were hepatic levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and biliary fluorescent aromatic-compound concentrations, hepatic activities of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase and ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase, and levels of total hepatic GSH and hydrophobic DNA-xenobiotic adducts; the last-mentioned were determined by using the P-32-postlabeling assay. The results showed that the indices examined could discriminate among sites exhibiting different degrees of chemical contamination; however, species differences in the range of response of some indices were observed. Additionally, the use of multiple indices appeared to enhance the assessment of contaminant exposure and sublethal effects. RP STEIN, JE (reprint author), NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,DIV ENVIRONM CONSERVAT,NW FISHERIES SCI CTR,2725 MONTLAKE BLVD E,SEATTLE,WA 98112, USA. NR 14 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0141-1136 J9 MAR ENVIRON RES JI Mar. Environ. Res. PY 1993 VL 35 IS 1-2 BP 95 EP 100 DI 10.1016/0141-1136(93)90020-Z PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology GA KJ063 UT WOS:A1993KJ06300018 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, L CASILLAS, E SOL, S COLLIER, T STEIN, J VARANASI, U AF JOHNSON, L CASILLAS, E SOL, S COLLIER, T STEIN, J VARANASI, U TI CONTAMINANT EFFECTS ON REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS IN SELECTED BENTHIC FISH SO MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symp on Responses of Marine Organisms to Pollutants CY APR 24-26, 1991 CL WOODS HOLE OCEANOG INST, WOODS HOLE, MA SP US EPA, WOODS HOLE OCEANOG INST, COASTAL RES CTR, US NATL OCEAN & ATMOSPHER ADM, WOODS HOLE OCEANOG INST, SEA GRANT PROGRAM HO WOODS HOLE OCEANOG INST ID STIMULATION AB Field studies on ovarian development in English sole from urban and non-urban sites in Puget Sound, Washington, USA, demonstrated that animals with elevated levels of fluorescent aromatic compounds (FACs) in bile were less likely to enter vitellogenesis and had lower plasma concentrations of estradiol than female sole with low levels of contaminant exposure. Biliary FACs were positively correlated with hepatic P450 activity, which was also elevated in sole showing inhibited ovarian development. These findings suggest that contaminant exposure may disrupt vitellogenesis in female fish. Results of the field study were supported by laboratory experiments showing that pretreatment of gravid female English sole with extracts of contaminated sediment decreased levels of endogenous estradiol. A similar response was observed in rock sole and flathead sole treated with Prudhoe Bay crude oil. However, exposure of English sole to sediment extracts had little effect on the activity of hepatic-steroid-metabolizing enzymes, indicating that some mechanism other ther enhanced steroid metabolism may be responsible for reductions in endogenous circulating-steroid levels. Our recent studies suggest that reductions in endogenous estradiol levels may result from depressed ovarian steroidogenesis, as contaminant-associated reductions in in-vitro ovarian estradiol production were observed in English sole, rock sole, and flathead sole. Preliminary studies on winter flounder and white croaker indicate that they may also experience reproductive impairment as a result of exposure to contaminants, but the phase of the reproductive impairment as a result of severely impacted varies from species to species. RP JOHNSON, L (reprint author), NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,DIV ENVIRONM CONSERVAT,NW FISHERIES CTR,2725 MONTLAKE BLVD E,SEATTLE,WA 98112, USA. NR 16 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0141-1136 J9 MAR ENVIRON RES JI Mar. Environ. Res. PY 1993 VL 35 IS 1-2 BP 165 EP 170 DI 10.1016/0141-1136(93)90032-U PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology GA KJ063 UT WOS:A1993KJ06300030 ER PT J AU COLLIER, TK STEIN, JE SANBORN, HR HOM, T MYERS, MS VARANASI, U AF COLLIER, TK STEIN, JE SANBORN, HR HOM, T MYERS, MS VARANASI, U TI A FIELD-STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BIOINDICATORS OF MATERNAL CONTAMINANT EXPOSURE AND EGG AND LARVAL VIABILITY OF ENGLISH SOLE (PAROPHRYS-VETULUS) SO MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symp on Responses of Marine Organisms to Pollutants CY APR 24-26, 1991 CL WOODS HOLE OCEANOG INST, WOODS HOLE, MA SP US EPA, WOODS HOLE OCEANOG INST, COASTAL RES CTR, US NATL OCEAN & ATMOSPHER ADM, WOODS HOLE OCEANOG INST, SEA GRANT PROGRAM HO WOODS HOLE OCEANOG INST ID PUGET-SOUND; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; WASHINGTON; FLOUNDER; LESIONS; AREAS AB Our studies have shown that early stages of the reproductive process in female English sole (Parophrys vetulus) are disrupted by contaminant exposure. To determine the potential for contaminants to affect later stages of the reproductive cycle, we examined the effects of maternal contaminant exposure on egg and larval viability in this species, in afield study conducted on running ripe fish collected for two consecutive years from spawning grounds. Maternal contaminant exposure was assessed by several methods. Stepwise multiple regression of the data showed that contaminant exposure was only a minor factor in determining egg and larval viability. However, because the range of contaminant exposure in the spawning fish did not encompass the high levels seen in non-spawning fish captured from contaminated areas, it can be hypothesized that female English sole exposed to substantial levels of contaminants might be at least partially excluded from the spawning population. RP COLLIER, TK (reprint author), NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,DIV ENVIRONM CONSERVAT,NW FISHERIES CTR,2725 MONTLAKE BLVD E,SEATTLE,WA 98112, USA. NR 14 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0141-1136 J9 MAR ENVIRON RES JI Mar. Environ. Res. PY 1993 VL 35 IS 1-2 BP 171 EP 175 DI 10.1016/0141-1136(93)90033-V PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology GA KJ063 UT WOS:A1993KJ06300031 ER PT J AU BARLOW, J FLEISCHER, L FORNEY, KA MARAVILLACHAVEZ, O AF BARLOW, J FLEISCHER, L FORNEY, KA MARAVILLACHAVEZ, O TI AN EXPERIMENTAL AERIAL SURVEY FOR VAQUITA (PHOCOENA-SINUS) IN THE NORTHERN GULF OF CALIFORNIA, MEXICO SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Note ID HARBOR PORPOISE; ABUNDANCE C1 INST NACL PESCA,LA PAZ 23000,BAJA CALIF SUR,MEXICO. RP BARLOW, J (reprint author), SW FISHERIES SCI CTR,POB 271,LA JOLLA,CA 92038, USA. NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 5 PU SOC MARINE MAMMALOGY PI LAWRENCE PA 1041 NEW HAMPSHIRE ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0824-0469 J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI JI Mar. Mamm. Sci. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 9 IS 1 BP 89 EP 94 DI 10.1111/j.1748-7692.1993.tb00431.x PG 6 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA KN851 UT WOS:A1993KN85100011 ER PT J AU CLARK, RC SYMONS, LC AF CLARK, RC SYMONS, LC TI MT MITCHELL OCEANOGRAPHIC EXPEDITION IN THE GULF SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN LA English DT Article AB Between February and June 1992, the NOAA Ship Mt Mitchell conducted a 100-day multi-disciplinary oceanographic research investigation in the Gulf, involving mom than 140 marine scientists from 15 nations. The expedition was sponsored by the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC), Regional Organization for the Protection of the Marine Environment (ROPME), United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP), U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and the Marine Spill Response Corporation (MSRC) and focused on the fate and effects of the 1991 Gulf war oil spills on the region's marine environment. The expedition was unusual, given the limited time in which it was conceived, planned, implemented, and completed. The mission's success may be measured not only in the wealth of scientific data collected, but also in the strides made in local, regional, and international environmental awareness and political cooperation in the Gulf. C1 NOAA, GULF PROGRAM OFF, OFF CHIEF SCIENTIST, WASHINGTON, DC 20230 USA. RP NOAA, RESTORAT NW, NMFS NW REG OFF F-NWO, 7600 SAND POINT WAY NF, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0025-326X EI 1879-3363 J9 MAR POLLUT BULL JI Mar. Pollut. Bull. PY 1993 VL 27 BP 31 EP 34 DI 10.1016/0025-326X(93)90006-6 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA MQ722 UT WOS:A1993MQ72200005 ER PT J AU LARDNER, RW ALRABEH, AH GUNAY, N HOSSAIN, M REYNOLDS, RM LEHR, WJ AF LARDNER, RW ALRABEH, AH GUNAY, N HOSSAIN, M REYNOLDS, RM LEHR, WJ TI COMPUTATION OF THE RESIDUAL FLOW IN THE GULF USING THE MT MITCHELL DATA AND THE KFUPM/RI HYDRODYNAMICAL MODELS SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN LA English DT Article AB The hydrodynamical models of the Gulf developed at KFUPM Research Institute are briefly described. The models are used to compute the flows in the Gulf driven by density gradient using the two sets of data collected on Legs 1 and 6 of the Mt Mitchell cruise. The two flows are compared with one another, with the result of a similar computation using the 1977 Atlantis II data and with computations of the flow driven by the prevailing wind. The combined residual flow due to wind and density gradient is found and compared to empirical estimates of the residual flow derived from ship-drift reports. The accuracy of the models is tested using the computed and observed water velocities at some of the current meters deployed during the cruise. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. NOAA, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA. RP KFUPM, RES INST, DHAHRAN 31261, SAUDI ARABIA. NR 12 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0025-326X EI 1879-3363 J9 MAR POLLUT BULL JI Mar. Pollut. Bull. PY 1993 VL 27 BP 61 EP 70 DI 10.1016/0025-326X(93)90008-8 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA MQ722 UT WOS:A1993MQ72200007 ER PT J AU ALRABEH, A LARDNER, R GUNAY, N KHAN, R HOSSAIN, M REYNOLDS, R LEHR, WJ AF ALRABEH, A LARDNER, R GUNAY, N KHAN, R HOSSAIN, M REYNOLDS, R LEHR, WJ TI ON MATHEMATICAL AND EMPIRICAL-MODELS FOR SURFACE OIL-SPILL TRANSPORT IN THE GULF SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID ARABIAN GULF; WIND-DRIVEN; CURRENTS; FATE AB This paper consists of two parts: in the first part GULFSLIK II a mathematical model that simulates. surface oil spill transport is tested using the drifting buoys data of the Mt Mitchell cruise. In the second part an empirical formula based on the drift factor approach to estimate surface oil spill transport due to wind is derived. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. NOAA, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA. RP KING FAHD UNIV PETR & MINERALS, RES INST, DIV WATER RESOURCES & ENVIRONM, DHAHRAN 31261, SAUDI ARABIA. NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0025-326X EI 1879-3363 J9 MAR POLLUT BULL JI Mar. Pollut. Bull. PY 1993 VL 27 BP 71 EP 77 DI 10.1016/0025-326X(93)90009-9 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA MQ722 UT WOS:A1993MQ72200008 ER PT J AU HAYES, MO MICHEL, J MONTELLO, TM AURAND, DV ALMANSI, AM ALMOAMEN, AH SAUER, TC THAYER, GW AF HAYES, MO MICHEL, J MONTELLO, TM AURAND, DV ALMANSI, AM ALMOAMEN, AH SAUER, TC THAYER, GW TI DISTRIBUTION AND WEATHERING OF SHORELINE OIL ONE-YEAR AFTER THE GULF-WAR OIL-SPILL SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN LA English DT Article AB Detailed studies of the intertidal habitats along the Saudi Arabian coast conducted 1 year after the Gulf War oil spill as part of the Mt Mitchell cruise show that there is a striking correlation between the nearshore geomorphology and the persistence of intertidal oil. The most severely impacted areas studied were several halophyte marsh/algal mat complexes and mudflats at the heads of sheltered bays, where all the halophytes were dead and there was no sign of living epibiota in the mid to upper intertidal areas. The abundant burrows were heavily oiled, with some containing liquid black oil to depths of over 40 cm. The deep penetration of oil into the burrows and probable slow weathering rates of the oil could result in many years of pollution of these sheltered habitats. The presence of bubble sand, a sponge-like sand deposit with porosities probably as high at +/-50%, resulted in penetration of the oil exceeding 40 cm. This deep oil will also remain in the sediment for many years, because of the slow erosion rates that occur in these sheltered environments. C1 MARINE SPILL RESPONSE CORP, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA. NATL COMMISS WILDLIFE CONSERVAT & DEV, RIYADH 11575, SAUDI ARABIA. MINIST DEF & AVIAT, DHAHRAN AIRPORT 31932, SAUDI ARABIA. NOAA, NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV, BEAUFORT, NC 28516 USA. ARTHUR D LITTLE INC, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02140 USA. RP RES PLANNING INC, 1200 PK ST, COLUMBIA, SC 29201 USA. NR 8 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0025-326X EI 1879-3363 J9 MAR POLLUT BULL JI Mar. Pollut. Bull. PY 1993 VL 27 BP 135 EP 142 DI 10.1016/0025-326X(93)90017-E PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA MQ722 UT WOS:A1993MQ72200016 ER PT J AU KENWORTHY, WJ DURAKO, MJ FATEMY, SMR VALAVI, H THAYER, GW AF KENWORTHY, WJ DURAKO, MJ FATEMY, SMR VALAVI, H THAYER, GW TI ECOLOGY OF SEAGRASSES IN NORTHEASTERN SAUDI-ARABIA ONE-YEAR AFTER THE GULF-WAR OIL-SPILL SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID DECIPIENS OSTENFELD HYDROCHARITACEAE; COMMUNITIES; PANAMA AB Approximately 1 year after the Gulf War oil spill we examined the distribution, species composition, abundance and productivity of seagrasses in several oil contaminated bays along the northeastern coastline of Saudi Arabia. The most abundant seagrass, Halodule uninervis, grew from the intertidal down to depths of 10 m with a standing crop ranging from 2 to 32 gdw m-2. Specific leaf productivity in a heavily oiled shallow site (1.5 m depth) was 2.2% d-1 and areal production was 0.172 gdw M-2 d-1. Specific productivity was similar to other reported rates for healthy populations of Halodule species but the low areal productivity reflected late winter water temperatures which were between 16 and 19-degrees-C. Halophila ovalis was intermediate in abundance followed by Halophila stipulacea. Leaf morphology and indicators of vegetative growth suggested that all three species were healthy, despite the recent history of oiling. Morphometric analyses indicated the seagrasses were experiencing a seasonal transition and initializing a normal growth pattern from lower winter temperatures to spring conditions. All three species grew in monospecific and mixed species meadows. The highest diversity and biomass of vegetation occurred on a mixture of hard and soft substrates where species of brown macroalgae were dominant. Based on these observations we conclude that seagrasses in the northwestern Gulf have not experienced acute or long-term degradation as a direct result of the Gulf War oil spill. C1 FLORIDA MARINE RES INST, ST PETERSBURG, FL 33701 USA. DEPT ENVIRONM, TEHRAN, IRAN. DEPT ENVIRONM, BUSHER, IRAN. RP NOAA, NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV, BEAUFORT LAB, BEAUFORT, NC 28516 USA. RI Fatemy, Seddigheh/S-2242-2016 OI Fatemy, Seddigheh/0000-0002-0343-7289 NR 31 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0025-326X EI 1879-3363 J9 MAR POLLUT BULL JI Mar. Pollut. Bull. PY 1993 VL 27 BP 213 EP 222 DI 10.1016/0025-326X(93)90027-H PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA MQ722 UT WOS:A1993MQ72200026 ER PT J AU DURAKO, MJ KENWORTHY, WJ FATEMY, SMR VALAVI, H THAYER, GW AF DURAKO, MJ KENWORTHY, WJ FATEMY, SMR VALAVI, H THAYER, GW TI ASSESSMENT OF THE TOXICITY OF KUWAIT CRUDE-OIL ON THE PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND RESPIRATION OF SEAGRASSES OF THE NORTHERN GULF SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN LA English DT Article AB Photosynthetic and respiratory responses of leaf tissues of the seagrasses Halophila ovalis, H. stipulacea, and Halodule uninervis exposed for 12-18 h to unweathered Kuwait crude oil were measured using an oxygen electrode system to assess the possibility of acute toxicity. Leaf tissues were incubated in natural seawater (control treatment) or in the water-soluble fraction of a 1% (weight:volume) solution of Kuwait crude oil in seawater (oil treatment). Photosynthesis vs. irradiance (PI) responses exhibited typical light-saturation kinetics. One-way analysis of variance detected no significant treatment effects on the PI characteristics: alpha, P(max), I(k), or I(c). Respiration rates were also not significantly affected by short-term exposure to the oil treatment. In addition, no significant among-species differences in PI characteristics or respiration were detected, possibly reflecting the low metabolic state for these subtropical species during Leg II sampling when water temperatures were 16-19-degrees-C. These results support our observations that the Gulf War oil spill primarily impacted intertidal communities rather than the submergent plant communities of the northern Gulf region. C1 NOAA, NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV, SE FISHERIES & SCI CTR, BEAUFORT LAB, BEAUFORT, NC 28516 USA. DEPT ENVIRONM, TEHRAN, IRAN. RP FLORIDA MARINE RES INST, 100 8TH AVE SE, ST PETERSBURG, FL 33701 USA. NR 16 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0025-326X EI 1879-3363 J9 MAR POLLUT BULL JI Mar. Pollut. Bull. PY 1993 VL 27 BP 223 EP 227 DI 10.1016/0025-326X(93)90028-I PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA MQ722 UT WOS:A1993MQ72200027 ER PT J AU KRAHN, MM YLITALO, GM BUZITIS, J BOLTON, JL WIGREN, CA CHAN, SL VARANASI, U AF KRAHN, MM YLITALO, GM BUZITIS, J BOLTON, JL WIGREN, CA CHAN, SL VARANASI, U TI ANALYSES FOR PETROLEUM-RELATED CONTAMINANTS IN MARINE FISH AND SEDIMENTS FOLLOWING THE GULF OIL-SPILL SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID SOLE PAROPHRYS-VETULUS; AROMATIC-COMPOUNDS; PUGET-SOUND; BILE; METABOLITES; XENOBIOTICS; WASHINGTON AB Approximately 1 year after Kuwaiti crude oil was spilled and burned during the Gulf War, scientists on board the NOAA R/V Mt Mitchell sampled sediment and biota in the Gulf to look for evidence of petroleum contamination. Subtidal sediments and fish bile were analysed for petroleum-related aromatic compounds (ACs) on board the Mt Mitchell using cost-effective and rapid high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) screening methods. Parent ACs and their alkyl homologs were measured in sediments. However, because fish extensively metabolize ACs in their livers to form polar metabolites that are concentrated in bile for excretion, metabolites of ACs were measured in bile. HPLC screening analyses found ACs in many of the sediment and fish bile samples collected. The results of HPLC screening were confirmed in selected samples by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analyses that identified petroleum-related ACs (e.g., alkyl phenanthrenes or dibenzothiophenes) in sediments and their metabolites in bile. RP NOAA, NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV, NW FISHERIES SCI CTR, SEATTLE, WA 98112 USA. NR 17 TC 45 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0025-326X EI 1879-3363 J9 MAR POLLUT BULL JI Mar. Pollut. Bull. PY 1993 VL 27 BP 285 EP 292 DI 10.1016/0025-326X(93)90035-I PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA MQ722 UT WOS:A1993MQ72200034 ER PT J AU PRICE, ARG ROBINSON, JH AF PRICE, ARG ROBINSON, JH TI THE 1991 GULF-WAR - COASTAL AND MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES - PREFACE SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN LA English DT Editorial Material C1 WORLD CONSERVAT UNION, MARINE & COASTAL AREAS PROGRAMME, GLAND, SWITZERLAND. NOAA, WASHINGTON, DC 20230 USA. RP UNIV WARWICK, DEPT BIOL SCI, COVENTRY CV4 7AL, W MIDLANDS, ENGLAND. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0025-326X EI 1879-3363 J9 MAR POLLUT BULL JI Mar. Pollut. Bull. PY 1993 VL 27 BP R7 EP R8 DI 10.1016/0025-326X(93)90002-2 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA MQ722 UT WOS:A1993MQ72200001 ER PT J AU WHITE, HH DRAXLER, AFJ DUNCANSON, RA SAAD, DL ROBERTSON, A AF WHITE, HH DRAXLER, AFJ DUNCANSON, RA SAAD, DL ROBERTSON, A TI DISTRIBUTION OF CLOSTRIDIUM-PERFRINGENS SPORES IN SEDIMENTS AROUND THE 106-MILE DUMPSITE IN THE MID-ATLANTIC BIGHT SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN LA English DT Note ID SEWAGE-SLUDGE; SITE C1 NOAA, NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV, SANDY HOOK LAB, SANDY HOOK, NJ 07732 USA. MTH ENVIRONM ASSOCIATES, MARSTONS MILLS, MA 02648 USA. RP NOAA, 6001 EXECUT BLVD, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852 USA. NR 8 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0025-326X EI 1879-3363 J9 MAR POLLUT BULL JI Mar. Pollut. Bull. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 26 IS 1 BP 49 EP 51 DI 10.1016/0025-326X(93)90598-E PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA KL630 UT WOS:A1993KL63000012 ER PT S AU PARRISH, DD BUHR, MP AF PARRISH, DD BUHR, MP BE Newman, L TI MEASUREMENT CHALLENGES OF NITROGEN SPECIES IN THE ATMOSPHERE SO MEASUREMENT CHALLENGES IN ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Review CT SYMP ON MEASUREMENT CHALLENGES IN ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY, AT THE 199TH NATIONAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN CHEMISTRY SOC CY APR 22-27, 1990 CL BOSTON, MA SP AMER CHEM SOC, DIV ANALYT CHEM RP PARRISH, DD (reprint author), NOAA,AERON LAB,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA WASHINGTON SN 0097-6156 BN 0-8412-2470-6 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 1993 VL 232 BP 243 EP 273 PG 31 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA BX31U UT WOS:A1993BX31U00009 ER PT J AU SCHMIDT, JW WELCH, BE EHRLICH, CD AF SCHMIDT, JW WELCH, BE EHRLICH, CD TI OPERATIONAL MODE AND GAS SPECIES EFFECTS ON ROTATIONAL DRAG IN PNEUMATIC DEAD WEIGHT PRESSURE GAUGES SO MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PISTON AB Rotational dissipation in a low-pressure pneumatic dead weight piston gauge has been measured for four gases: He, H-2, N2 and SF6. Significant differences in the rotational dissipation were observed between the four gas species. Even larger differences were observed between two operational modes (gauge and absolute). The measured results are interpreted by a model for the rotational dissipation due to the gas in the annular region between the piston and cylinder. Good agreement was found between the measured and modelled results for all four gas species with essentially no adjustable parameters. RP NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, DIV THERMOPHYS, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. NR 23 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0957-0233 EI 1361-6501 J9 MEAS SCI TECHNOL JI Meas. Sci. Technol. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 4 IS 1 BP 26 EP 34 DI 10.1088/0957-0233/4/1/005 PG 9 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA KK187 UT WOS:A1993KK18700005 ER PT J AU SERREZE, MC BOX, JE BARRY, RG WALSH, JE AF SERREZE, MC BOX, JE BARRY, RG WALSH, JE TI CHARACTERISTICS OF ARCTIC SYNOPTIC ACTIVITY, 1952-1989 SO METEOROLOGY AND ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID NORTHERN HEMISPHERE; CLIMATOLOGY; CYCLONE; SEA; BASIN AB Synoptic activity for the Arctic is examined for the period 1952-1989 using the National Meteorological Center sea level pressure data set. Winter cyclone activity is most common near Iceland, between Svalbard and Scandinavia, the Norwegian and Kara seas, Baffin Bay and the eastern Canadian Arctic Archipelago; the strongest systems are found in the Iceland and Norwegian seas. Mean cyclone tracks, prepared for 1975-1989, confirm that winter cyclones most frequently enter the Arctic from the Norwegian and Barents seas. Winter anticyclones are most frequent and strongest over Siberia and Alaska/Yukon, with additional frequency maxima of weaker systems found over the central Arctic Ocean and Greenland. During summer, cyclonic activity remains common in the same regions as observed for winter, but increases over Siberia, the Canadian Arctic Archipelago and the Central Arctic, related to cyclogenesis over northern parts of Eurasia and North America. Eurasian cyclones tend to enter the Arctic Ocean from the Laptev Sea eastward to the Chukchi Sea, augmenting the influx of systems from the Norwegian and Barents seas. The Siberian and Alaska/Yukon anticyclone centers disappear, with anticyclone maxima forming over the Kara, Laptev, East Siberian and Beaufort seas, and southeastward across Canada. Summer cyclones and anticyclones exhibit little regional variability in mean central pressure, and are typically 5-10 mb weaker than their winter counterparts. North of 65-degrees-N, cyclone and anticyclone activity peaks during summer, and is at a minimum during winter. Trends in cyclone and anticyclone activity north of 65-degrees-N are examined through least squares regression. Since 1952, significant positive trends are found for cyclone numbers during winter, spring and summer, and for anticyclone numbers during spring, summer and autumn. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT ATMOSPHER SCI,URBANA,IL 61081. RP SERREZE, MC (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,NOAA,COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. RI Box, Jason/H-5770-2013; OI Barry, Roger/0000-0001-9239-0859 NR 66 TC 146 Z9 149 U1 2 U2 14 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG WIEN PI VIENNA PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0177-7971 J9 METEOROL ATMOS PHYS JI Meteorol. Atmos. Phys. PY 1993 VL 51 IS 3-4 BP 147 EP 164 DI 10.1007/BF01030491 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA LM300 UT WOS:A1993LM30000002 ER PT J AU STEFFEN, K ABDALATI, W STROEVE, J AF STEFFEN, K ABDALATI, W STROEVE, J TI CLIMATE SENSITIVITY STUDIES OF THE GREENLAND ICE-SHEET USING SATELLITE AVHRR, SMMR, SSM/I AND IN-SITU DATA SO METEOROLOGY AND ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB The feasibility of using satellite data for climate research over the Greenland ice sheet is discussed. In particular, we demonstrate the usefulness of Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) Local Area Coverage (LAC) and Global Area Coverage (GAC) data for narrow-band albedo retrieval. Our study supports the use of lower resolution AVHRR (GAC) data for process studies over most of the Greenland ice sheet. Based on LAC data time series analysis, we can resolve relative albedo changes on the order of 2-5%. In addition, we examine Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) passive microwave data for snow typing and other signals of climatological significance. Based on relationships between in situ measurements and horizontally polarized 19 and 37 GHz observations, wet snow regions are identified. The wet snow regions increase in aerial percentage from 9% of the total ice surface in June to a maximum of 26% in August 1990. Furthermore, the relationship between brightness temperatures and accumulation rates in the northeastern part of Greenland is described. We found a consistent increase in accumulation rate for the northeastern part of the ice sheet from 1981 to 1986. RP STEFFEN, K (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,NOAA,COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI,CAMPUS BOX 216,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. RI Stroeve, Julienne/D-1525-2010; Steffen, Konrad/C-6027-2013 OI Steffen, Konrad/0000-0001-8658-1026 NR 27 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG WIEN PI VIENNA PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0177-7971 J9 METEOROL ATMOS PHYS JI Meteorol. Atmos. Phys. PY 1993 VL 51 IS 3-4 BP 239 EP 258 DI 10.1007/BF01030497 PG 20 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA LM300 UT WOS:A1993LM30000008 ER PT S AU PERSILY, AK AF PERSILY, AK BE Nagda, NL TI MODELING RADON TRANSPORT IN MULTISTORY RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS SO MODELING OF INDOOR AIR QUALITY AND EXPOSURE SE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS SPECIAL TECHNICAL PUBLICATION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Modeling of Indoor Air Quality and Exposure CY APR 27-28, 1992 CL PITTSBURGH, PA SP AMER SOC TESTING & MAT, COMM SAMPLING & ANAL ATMOSPHERE, SUBCOMM INDOOR AIR DE AIR-FLOW; CONTAMINANT DISPERSAL; INDOOR AIR QUALITY; MULTIZONE; RADON; RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS C1 NATL INST STANDARDS & TECHNOL,BLDG & FIRE RES LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN SOCIETY TESTING AND MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DRIVE, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 SN 1071-5827 BN 0-8031-1875-9 J9 AM SOC TEST MATER PY 1993 VL 1205 BP 226 EP 242 DI 10.1520/STP13111S PG 17 WC Construction & Building Technology; Environmental Sciences; Mathematics, Applied; Toxicology SC Construction & Building Technology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematics; Toxicology GA BZ48R UT WOS:A1993BZ48R00017 ER PT J AU KAPLAN, J FRANK, WM AF KAPLAN, J FRANK, WM TI THE LARGE-SCALE INFLOW-LAYER STRUCTURE OF HURRICANE FREDERIC (1979) SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID TROPICAL CYCLONE FORMATION; OBSERVATIONAL ANALYSIS; WINDS AB Aircraft, rawinsonde, satellite, ship, and buoy data collected over a 40-h period were composited to analyze the inflow-layer structure of Hurricane Frederic (1979) within a radius of 10-degrees latitude of the storm center. To improve the quality of the composite analyses, the low-level cloud-motion winds (CMWs) employed in this study were assigned a level of best fit (LBF). An LBF was assigned to each CMW by determining the level at which the closest agreement existed between CMW and ground-truth wind data (e.g., rawinsonde, aircraft, ship, and buoy). The CMWs were then adjusted vertically to uniform analysis levels, combined with ground-truth wind data, and objectively analyzed. These objectively analyzed wind fields were used to obtain kinematically derived fields of vorticity, divergence, and vertical velocity. An angular-momentum budget was also computed to obtain estimates of surface drag coefficients. The low-level CMWs in this study were found to have LBFs ranging from 300 to 4000 m. It was shown that judicious use of this knowledge leads to substantial improvements in the estimates of the radial flow, but relatively insignificant improvement in the estimates of the rotational component of the wind. These results suggest that the common practice of assigning all low-level CMWs in a tropical cyclone environment to a constant level of 900-950 mb (approximately 500-1000 m) is probably appropriate for computations that depend primarily upon the rotational wind component. These findings, however, also indicate that failure to account for variations in LBFs of low-level CMWs could result in substantial errors in calculations that are sensitive to the radial wind. The kinematic analyses showed that the asymmetric wind structure observed previously in studies of Frederic's inner core extends out to at least 10-degrees latitude radius. Frederic was characterized by strong northeast-southwest radial flow through the storm and a pronounced northwest-southeast asymmetry of the tangential wind field at each analysis level. Analysis of Frederic's surface-560-m angular-momentum budget showed that the mean value of the surface drag coefficient beyond 2-degrees radius was approximately 1.8 X 10(-3). C1 PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT METEOROL,UNIV PK,PA 16802. RP KAPLAN, J (reprint author), NOAA,ATLANTIC OCEANOG & METEOROL LAB,DIV HURRICANE RES,MIAMI,FL 33149, USA. RI Kaplan, John/A-8709-2014 OI Kaplan, John/0000-0002-7253-3039 NR 28 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 121 IS 1 BP 3 EP 20 DI 10.1175/1520-0493(1993)121<0003:TLSILS>2.0.CO;2 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KH782 UT WOS:A1993KH78200001 ER PT J AU BELL, GD KEYSER, D AF BELL, GD KEYSER, D TI SHEAR AND CURVATURE VORTICITY AND POTENTIAL-VORTICITY INTERCHANGES - INTERPRETATION AND APPLICATION TO A CUTOFF CYCLONE EVENT SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID CYCLOGENESIS; GALE; DYNAMICS; IOP-1 AB Equations are presented for the evolution of isobaric shear and curvature vorticity and for isentropic shear and curvature potential vorticity in natural (streamline-following) coordinates, in the case of adiabatic, frictionless flow. In isobaric coordinates, two terms of equal magnitude and opposite sign arise in the respective tendency equations for shear and curvature vorticity; these terms represent conversions between shear and curvature vorticity in the sense that their sum does not alter the total tendency of absolute vorticity. In isentropic coordinates, only the conversion terms remain in the tendency equations for shear and curvature potential vorticity, consistent with potential-vorticity conservation. The vorticity and potential-vorticity conversions arise from (i) along-stream variations in wind speed in the presence of Lagrangian changes in wind direction and (ii) flow-normal gradients of Lagrangian changes in wind speed. The assumption of horizontal nondivergence simplifies the interpretation of the vorticity-interchange process by relating the conversion terms directly to flow curvature. Schematics are developed in order to illustrate the conversion terms in idealized representations of jet-entrance and jet-exit regions and curved flow patterns; these schematics provide the basis for understanding vorticity interchanges in realistic flow regimes. The evolution of the midtropospheric shear- and curvature-potential-vorticity fields is described for a jet-trough interaction event in northwesterly flow, leading to the formation of a well-defined midtropospheric cutoff cyclone over the eastern United States between 18 and 20 January 1986. This time period coincides with the first intensive observing period of the Genesis of Atlantic Lows Experiment. Major midtropospheric cyclogenesis begins as a jet embedded in northwesterly flow, identified as a maximum of cyclonic shear potential vorticity, propagates toward the base of a diffluent trough, identified as a maximum of cyclonic curvature potential vorticity. The potential-vorticity tendency equations reveal that for this particular stage, the interchange terms contribute both to the amplification of the trough and to the formation of a maximum of cyclonic shear potential vorticity on the downstream side of the trough. The potential-vorticitv interchange process is shown to play a key role in transforming the asymmetric configuration of shear and curvature potential vorticity characteristic of the diffluent trough stage, where the cyclonic shear maximum lags the cyclonic curvature maximum, to the relatively symmetric configuration characteristic of the cutoff stage. At the culmination of the cutoff stage, the shear- and curvature-potential-vorticity maxima overlap substantially. This overlap is a consequence of the presence of a single, cyclonically curved jet within the base of the cutoff cyclone. A second important structural change occurring during midtropospheric cyclogenesis is the transformation of the potential-vorticity anomaly corresponding to the cutoff cyclone into a circularly symmetric configuration, which is accomplished by the contraction of the northwestern extension of the potential-vorticity anomaly toward the cyclone center. This contraction process, which is shown to involve significant interchanges between shear and curvature potential vorticity, results in the detachment of the potential-vorticity anomaly from the ''stratospheric reservoir'' of potential vorticity located north of the cyclone. C1 SUNY ALBANY,DEPT ATMOSPHER SCI,ES-224,ALBANY,NY 12222. NOAA,NWS,NMC,CTR CLIMATE ANAL,WASHINGTON,DC 20230. NR 39 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 121 IS 1 BP 76 EP 102 DI 10.1175/1520-0493(1993)121<0076:SACVAP>2.0.CO;2 PG 27 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KH782 UT WOS:A1993KH78200006 ER PT J AU SMULL, BF AUGUSTINE, JA AF SMULL, BF AUGUSTINE, JA TI MULTISCALE ANALYSIS OF A MATURE MESOSCALE CONVECTIVE COMPLEX SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID MIDLATITUDE SQUALL LINE; DOPPLER RADAR ANALYSIS; WARM-CORE VORTEX; 10-11 JUNE 1985; NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; WEATHER SYSTEMS; MID-LATITUDE; STRATIFORM REGION; TRAILING REGION; SINGLE-DOPPLER AB A multiscale analysis reveals diverse atmospheric structure and processes within a mesoscale convective complex (MCC) observed during the Oklahoma-Kansas Preliminary Regional Experiment for STORM-Central (PRE-STORM) experiment. This midlatitude system was the second in a series of four MCCs that developed and traveled along a quasi-stationary frontal zone over the central United States on 3-4 June 1985. Objectively analyzed mesoscale upper-air soundings encompassing the MCC are interpreted in tandem with more detailed dual-Doppler radar measurements that disclose the storm's internal airflow and precipitation structure. The mature MCC is found to include a variety of local environments and associated weather, ranging from tornadic thunderstorms to more linear convective bands and widespread chilling rains. A corresponding spectrum of mesoscale vertical-motion profiles is documented. These findings are related to previous composite-based portrayals of MCCs, as well as detailed case studies of simpler squall-type convective systems. A hallmark of this storm was its ''open-wave'' precipitation pattern, in which two convective bands intersected so as to resemble a miniature developing frontal cyclone. This resemblance proves superficial, however, since 1) anticyclonic lower-tropospheric flow was observed in place of the expected cyclonic circulation near the convective apex, and 2) the accompanying wavelike lower-tropospheric temperature pattern was strongly influenced by moist processes intrinsic to the MCC (e.g., evaporative cooling), as opposed to horizontal advection about a developing vortex. The storm's intriguing organization is instead postulated to have resulted from the superposition of two preferred convective modes: one aligned with the mean vertical wind-shear vector, accompanied by marked cross-band thermal contrast and deformation through a deep layer, and another oriented perpendicular to the low-level shear, which exhibited a shallow gust front and mesoscale cold pool as found in squall-line systems. Highly three-dimensional airflow within the mature MCC and a pronounced modulation of convective instability across an embedded frontal-like zone further promoted the storm's asymmetric precipitation pattern. RP SMULL, BF (reprint author), NOAA,ERL,NATL SEVERE STORMS LAB,MESOSCALE RES LAB,N-C-MRD,325 BROADWAY,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. NR 84 TC 51 Z9 53 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 121 IS 1 BP 103 EP 132 DI 10.1175/1520-0493(1993)121<0103:MAOAMM>2.0.CO;2 PG 30 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KH782 UT WOS:A1993KH78200007 ER PT J AU SANDERS, F BLANCHARD, DO AF SANDERS, F BLANCHARD, DO TI THE ORIGIN OF A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM IN KANSAS ON 10 MAY 1985 SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID MOBILE SOUNDING OBSERVATIONS; SIMULATED CONVECTIVE STORMS; TEXAS STORM; DRYLINE; ENVIRONMENT; MODEL AB This study of the Oklahoma-Kansas area on 10 May 1985 undertakes to explain why severe convection developed in only a small portion of northwestern Kansas despite large potential instability for surface air over the entire region and despite the approach of a mobile upper-level trough from the southwest. Special soundings from the O-K PRE-STORM program showed that a persistent thermodynamic lid above the warm moist surface boundary layer separated this layer from the middle and upper troposphere in which the instability could be realized and was almost completely effective in suppressing deep convection. Only one of the soundings with these characteristics showed temporary removal of this lid, and the only convective storm developed near the place and time of this removal. This coincidence points to removal as the likely, although not certain, cause. Isentropic trajectories showed that adiabatic lifting was the cause, and that this lift was part of a series of mesoscale waves with wavelengths of about 200 km, vertical extent from 1 to 5 km above the ground, and crests approximately parallel to the wind shear in this layer. The shear was highly ageostrophic, representing a strong transverse circulation in the exit region of a jet streak. Thus, the jet dynamics were responsible only indirectly for the convective outbreak by providing a favorable environmental shear for the directly responsible mesoscale disturbance. A series of prominent mesoscale oscillations of surface dew point along the northwestern boundary of the moist surface layer began coincidentally with the convective development and is considered to have been caused by it. C1 NOAA,NSSL,DIV MESOSCALE RES,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 34 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 121 IS 1 BP 133 EP 149 DI 10.1175/1520-0493(1993)121<0133:TOOAST>2.0.CO;2 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KH782 UT WOS:A1993KH78200008 ER PT J AU BOND, NA MACKLIN, SA AF BOND, NA MACKLIN, SA TI AIRCRAFT OBSERVATIONS OF OFFSHORE-DIRECTED FLOW NEAR WIDE BAY, ALASKA SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID GULF AB The effects of the upstream orography of the Alaska peninsula on the low-level flow in the coastal region are studied using observations from two NOAA P-3 research flights. The terrain in this region includes a low sill at Wide Bay (approximately 300 m high and 80 km wide), which is flanked by moderate terrain to the southwest (approximately 900 m high) and higher terrain to the northeast (approximately 1500 m high). For the case of 26 February 1987, a large Froude number (Fr approximately 1.6) characterized the incident flow. Boundary-layer wind speeds were approximately 30 m s-1 downstream of the gap at Wide Bay and the moderate terrain. The cross-terrain component of the wind above the boundary layer was 24 m s-1 upstream of the barrier and as large as 45 m s-1 approximately 70 km downstream of the barrier. Wind speeds were significantly less above and downstream of this wind maximum, as with a hydraulic jump. A prominent trough in sea level pressure was observed in the lee of the higher terrain; the largest 100-m wind speeds (approximately 34 m s-1) observed were near this trough. For the case of 3 March 1987, the incident flow over the Alaska peninsula was weak, and the Froude number was small (Fr approximately 0.4). In this situation, a low-level outflow (approximately 300 m high) with large wind speeds, cold air temperatures, and high sea level pressure was isolated to the region downstream from the gap at Wide Bay. C1 UNIV WASHINGTON,JOINT INST STUDY ATMOSPHERE & OCEAN,SEATTLE,WA 98195. RP BOND, NA (reprint author), NOAA,PACIFIC MARINE ENVIRONM LAB,7600 SAND POINT WAY NE,SEATTLE,WA 98115, USA. NR 28 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 121 IS 1 BP 150 EP 161 DI 10.1175/1520-0493(1993)121<0150:AOOODF>2.0.CO;2 PG 12 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KH782 UT WOS:A1993KH78200009 ER PT J AU HOERLING, MP SCHAACK, TK LENZEN, AJ AF HOERLING, MP SCHAACK, TK LENZEN, AJ TI A GLOBAL ANALYSIS OF STRATOSPHERIC-TROPOSPHERIC EXCHANGE DURING NORTHERN WINTER SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID SOUTHERN-HEMISPHERE; WATER-VAPOR; CONSTITUENTS; CIRCULATION; TRANSPORT; MODEL; MASS AB Using a mathematical formulation of stratospheric-tropospheric (ST) exchange, the cross-tropopause mass flux is diagnosed globally for January 1979. Contributions by physical mechanisms including the diabatic transport and the quasi-horizontal adiabatic transport along isentropes that intersect the tropopause surface are evaluated. Both thermal and dynamical definitions of the tropopause are used. Two regions of zonally integrated mass flux into the stratosphere are found, one over tropical latitudes associated with diabatic transports, and a second over subpolar latitudes associated with adiabatic transports. The ingress to the stratosphere in each of the latitude bands 50-degrees-70-degrees-N and 40-degrees-70-degrees-S is as intense as that occurring over the tropics, a feature of the global budget not previously documented. Compensating mass outflow from the stratosphere occurs mainly over midlatitudes near axes of strong upper-level westerlies. Large zonal asymmetries are found in the regional patterns of ST exchange. Consistent with the concept of a stratospheric fountain, the tropical inflow to the stratosphere is maximized over the Australasian monsoon. The midlatitude mass outflow tends to be concentrated along stationary wave troughs, roughly in the vicinity of cyclogenetic areas. A mass transport into the stratosphere occurs downstream and poleward of the troughs. The extratropical pattern of time-averaged cross-tropopause mass flux thus appears to be interpretable within the framework of simple physical models on three-dimensional airmass trajectories in baroclinic disturbances. While uncertainties concerning quantitative aspects of the global ST exchange remain, qualitative confirmation of the mass-transport diagnostics is found in independent studies of trace atmospheric constituents. In particular, the finding of mass inflow to the stratosphere at subpolar latitudes is consistent with satellite and aircraft measurements of high water vapor mixing ratios in the low stratosphere over these regions. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN, CTR SPACE SCI & ENGN, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. RP UNIV COLORADO, NOAA, COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA. NR 35 TC 94 Z9 105 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 EI 1520-0493 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 121 IS 1 BP 162 EP 172 DI 10.1175/1520-0493(1993)121<0162:AGAOSE>2.0.CO;2 PG 11 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KH782 UT WOS:A1993KH78200010 ER PT J AU ZOU, X NAVON, IM SELA, J AF ZOU, X NAVON, IM SELA, J TI CONTROL OF GRAVITATIONAL OSCILLATIONS IN VARIATIONAL DATA ASSIMILATION SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS; INITIALIZATION; EQUATIONS AB Variational four-dimensional data assimilation, combined with a penalty method constraining time derivatives of the surface pressure, the divergence, and the gravity-wave components is implemented on an adiabatic version of the National Meteorological Center's 18-level primitive equation spectral model with surface drag and horizontal diffusion. Experiments combining the Machenhauer nonlinear normal-mode initialization procedure and its adjoint with the variational data assimilation are also presented. The modified variational data-assimilation schemes are tested to assess how well they control gravity-wave oscillations. The gradient of a penalized cost function can be obtained by a single integration of the adjoint model. A detailed derivation of the gradient calculation of different penalized cost functions is presented, which is not restricted to a specific model. Numerical results indicate that the inclusion of penalty terms into the cost function will change the model solution as desired. The advantages of the use of simple penalty terms over penalty terms including the model normal modes results in a simplification of the procedure, allowing a more direct control over the model variables and the possibility of using weak constraints to eliminate the high-frequency gravity-wave oscillations. This approach does not require direct information about the model normal modes. One of the encouraging results obtained is that the introduction of the penalty terms does not slow the convergence rate of the minimization process. C1 FLORIDA STATE UNIV,SUPERCOMP RES INST,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32306. NOAA,NMC,WASHINGTON,DC 20230. FLORIDA STATE UNIV,RES INST,DEPT MATH & SUPERCOMP COMPUTAT,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32306. RI Navon, Ionel/A-5173-2008 OI Navon, Ionel/0000-0001-7830-7094 NR 30 TC 38 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 121 IS 1 BP 272 EP 289 DI 10.1175/1520-0493(1993)121<0272:COGOIV>2.0.CO;2 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA KH782 UT WOS:A1993KH78200018 ER PT B AU TIMPE, G TENG, CC AF TIMPE, G TENG, CC GP MARINE TECHNOL SOC TI CONSIDERATIONS IN DATA BUOY HULL DESIGN SO MTS 93: TECHNOLOGY REQUIREMENTS IN THE NINETIES, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MTS 1993 Conference on Technology Requirements in the 90s CY SEP 22-24, 1993 CL LONG BEACH, CA SP MARINE TECHNOL SOC, AMER GEOPHYS UNION, SOC UNDERWATER TECHNOL, AMER CONGRESS SURVEYING & MAPPING, SOC NAVAL ARCHITECTS & MARINE ENGINEERS, NATL OCEAN IND ASSOC, HYDROG SOC, OCEANOG SOC, WOMENS AQUAT NETWORK C1 NATL DATA BUOY CTR,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1828 L ST NW, 9TH FL, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 BN 0-933957-12-2 PY 1993 BP 402 EP 412 PG 11 WC Engineering, Marine; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA BA05L UT WOS:A1993BA05L00062 ER PT B AU SCHRAMM, WG AF SCHRAMM, WG GP MARINE TECHNOL SOC TI NOAA-NODDS - A GOVERNMENT PARTNERSHIP TO SUPPORT ENVIRONMENTAL-EDUCATION SO MTS 93: TECHNOLOGY REQUIREMENTS IN THE NINETIES, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MTS 1993 Conference on Technology Requirements in the 90s CY SEP 22-24, 1993 CL LONG BEACH, CA SP MARINE TECHNOL SOC, AMER GEOPHYS UNION, SOC UNDERWATER TECHNOL, AMER CONGRESS SURVEYING & MAPPING, SOC NAVAL ARCHITECTS & MARINE ENGINEERS, NATL OCEAN IND ASSOC, HYDROG SOC, OCEANOG SOC, WOMENS AQUAT NETWORK C1 NOAA,OCEAN APPLICAT BRANCH,MONTEREY,CA 93940. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1828 L ST NW, 9TH FL, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 BN 0-933957-12-2 PY 1993 BP 442 EP 443 PG 2 WC Engineering, Marine; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA BA05L UT WOS:A1993BA05L00069 ER PT B AU KOTHE, R PHOEL, WC AF KOTHE, R PHOEL, WC GP MARINE TECHNOL SOC TI IN-SITU MEASUREMENTS OF OXYGEN-CONSUMPTION BY THE SEDIMENTS ASSOCIATED WITH A SALMON NET-PEN SO MTS 93: TECHNOLOGY REQUIREMENTS IN THE NINETIES, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MTS 1993 Conference on Technology Requirements in the 90s CY SEP 22-24, 1993 CL LONG BEACH, CA SP MARINE TECHNOL SOC, AMER GEOPHYS UNION, SOC UNDERWATER TECHNOL, AMER CONGRESS SURVEYING & MAPPING, SOC NAVAL ARCHITECTS & MARINE ENGINEERS, NATL OCEAN IND ASSOC, HYDROG SOC, OCEANOG SOC, WOMENS AQUAT NETWORK C1 NOAA,NMFS,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1828 L ST NW, 9TH FL, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 BN 0-933957-12-2 PY 1993 BP 563 EP 567 PG 5 WC Engineering, Marine; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA BA05L UT WOS:A1993BA05L00088 ER PT B AU WELLS, JM MOROZ, L AF WELLS, JM MOROZ, L GP MARINE TECHNOL SOC TI APPLICATIONS OF GAS SEPARATION TECHNOLOGY IN THE PREPARATION OF DIVERS BREATHING GASES AND HYPERBARIC ATMOSPHERES SO MTS 93: TECHNOLOGY REQUIREMENTS IN THE NINETIES, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MTS 1993 Conference on Technology Requirements in the 90s CY SEP 22-24, 1993 CL LONG BEACH, CA SP MARINE TECHNOL SOC, AMER GEOPHYS UNION, SOC UNDERWATER TECHNOL, AMER CONGRESS SURVEYING & MAPPING, SOC NAVAL ARCHITECTS & MARINE ENGINEERS, NATL OCEAN IND ASSOC, HYDROG SOC, OCEANOG SOC, WOMENS AQUAT NETWORK C1 NOAA,EXPTL DIVING UNIT,FT EUSTIS,VA 23604. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1828 L ST NW, 9TH FL, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 BN 0-933957-12-2 PY 1993 BP 568 EP 571 PG 4 WC Engineering, Marine; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA BA05L UT WOS:A1993BA05L00089 ER PT B AU MOROZ, L WELLS, JM AF MOROZ, L WELLS, JM GP MARINE TECHNOL SOC TI ALTERNATIVE METHODS OF COOLING AND DEHUMIDIFYING HYPERBARIC SYSTEMS SO MTS 93: TECHNOLOGY REQUIREMENTS IN THE NINETIES, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MTS 1993 Conference on Technology Requirements in the 90s CY SEP 22-24, 1993 CL LONG BEACH, CA SP MARINE TECHNOL SOC, AMER GEOPHYS UNION, SOC UNDERWATER TECHNOL, AMER CONGRESS SURVEYING & MAPPING, SOC NAVAL ARCHITECTS & MARINE ENGINEERS, NATL OCEAN IND ASSOC, HYDROG SOC, OCEANOG SOC, WOMENS AQUAT NETWORK C1 NOAA,EXPTL DIVING UNIT,FT EUSTIS,VA 23604. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARINE TECHNOLOGY SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1828 L ST NW, 9TH FL, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 BN 0-933957-12-2 PY 1993 BP 572 EP 575 PG 4 WC Engineering, Marine; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA BA05L UT WOS:A1993BA05L00090 ER PT B AU RITTER, JJ MINOR, DB MCMICHAEL, RD SHULL, RD AF RITTER, JJ MINOR, DB MCMICHAEL, RD SHULL, RD BE Shull, RD Sanchez, JM TI NANOSTRUCTURED MAGNETIC-MATERIALS THROUGH MOLECULAR CHEMICAL SYNTHESES SO NANOPHASES AND NANOCRYSTALLINE STRUCTURES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Nanophases and Nanocrystalline Structures held in conjunction with the Annual Meeting of TMS CY MAR 01-05, 1992 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP TMS, CHEM & PHYS MAT COMM, TMS, ALLOY PHASES COMM C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RI McMichael, Robert/J-8688-2012; Shull, Robert/F-5971-2013 NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS, METALS & MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 BN 0-87339-268-X PY 1993 BP 33 EP 40 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA BZ87M UT WOS:A1993BZ87M00003 ER PT B AU LAVELLE, JW AF LAVELLE, JW BE Mehta, AJ TI A MODEL FOR ESTUARINE SEDIMENTATION INVOLVING MARINE SNOW SO NEARSHORE AND ESTUARINE COHESIVE SEDIMENT TRANSPORT SE COASTAL AND ESTUARINE STUDIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Nearshore and Estuarine Cohesive Sediment Transport Workshop CY APR, 1991 CL ST PETERSBURG, FL C1 NOAA,PACIFIC MARINE ENVIRONM LAB,SEATTLE,WA 98115. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 BN 0-87590-256-1 J9 COAST ESTUAR STUD PY 1993 VL 42 BP 148 EP 166 PG 19 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Oceanography; Water Resources GA BZ42R UT WOS:A1993BZ42R00009 ER PT S AU FERRE, ES NELSON, LM ASCARRUNZ, FG WALLS, FL AF FERRE, ES NELSON, LM ASCARRUNZ, FG WALLS, FL BE Handel, PH Chung, AL TI RELATIONSHIP OF AM TO PM NOISE IN SELECTED MICROWAVE-AMPLIFIERS, RF OSCILLATORS, AND MICROWAVE-OSCILLATORS SO NOISE IN PHYSICAL SYSTEMS AND 1/F FLUCTUATIONS SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT INTERNATIONAL CONF ON NOISE IN PHYSICAL SYSTEMS AND 1/F FLUCTUATION ( ICNF 93 ) CY 1993 CL UNIV MISSOURI, ST LOUIS, MO HO UNIV MISSOURI C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, DIV TIME & FREQUENCY, BOULDER, CO 80303 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-270-5 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 1993 IS 285 BP 611 EP 614 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA BZ02N UT WOS:A1993BZ02N00131 ER PT S AU COHEN, ER TAYLOR, BN AF COHEN, ER TAYLOR, BN BE Neugart, R Wohr, A TI THE STATUS OF THE FUNDAMENTAL CONSTANTS - 1992 SO NUCLEI FAR FROM STABILITY/ATOMIC MASSES AND FUNDAMENTAL CONSTANTS 1992 SE INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Nuclei Far From Stability/9th International Conference on Atomic Masses and Fundamental Constants CY JUL 19-24, 1992 CL BERNKASTEL KUES, GERMANY SP BUNDESMINIST FORSCHUNG & TECHNOL, DEUT FORSCHUNGSGEMEINSCH, DEUT PHYS GESELL, EUROPEAN PHYS SOC, GESELL SCHWERIONENFORSCHUNG, INT UNION PURE & APPL PHYS, JOHANNES GUTENBERG UNIV MAINZ, MINIST WISSENSCH & WEITERBILDUNG RHEINLAND PFALZ, BITBURGER BRAUEREI TH SIMON GMBH, C H BOEHRINGER SOHN, COHERENT GMBH, DANFYSIK A S, EG & G ORTEC, LAMBDA PHYS, SCHOTT GLASWERKE ID HIGH-RESOLUTION SPECTROSCOPY; CODATA RECOMMENDED VALUES; PHYSICAL CONSTANTS; HYDROGEN-ATOM; RYDBERG CONSTANT; REALIZATION; BALANCE; WATT AB New measurements have been reported for several physical quantities since the 1986 adjustment that led to the current CODATA recommended values of the fundamental constants. These data have significantly changed the structure of the 'uncertainty-space' of the least-squares analysis. The assigned uncertainties of the measurements are such that spectroscopic data on the value of the fine-structure constant carry negligible weight in the adjustment. The hydrogen and muonium hyperfine structure measurements are used to verify the adequacy of the theoretical models of nuclear recoil, proton polarizability, and the higher order QED effects. Measurements of the von Klitzing resistance are either an independent determination of the fine-structure constant or a determination of the magnitude of solid-state corrections to the theory; these two alternatives should be treated separately in the analysis of the data in a manner similar to the QED/WQED analysis of 1969. C1 NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP COHEN, ER (reprint author), ROCKWELL INT SCI CTR,THOUSAND OAKS,CA 91360, USA. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0951-3248 BN 0-7503-0262-3 J9 INST PHYS CONF SER PY 1993 IS 132 BP 969 EP 978 PG 10 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BA03H UT WOS:A1993BA03H00185 ER PT J AU CARASSO, AS AF CARASSO, AS TI SLOWLY DIVERGENT SPACE MARCHING SCHEMES IN THE INVERSE HEAT-CONDUCTION PROBLEM SO NUMERICAL HEAT TRANSFER PART B-FUNDAMENTALS LA English DT Article AB Recently developed ''slowly divergent'' space marching difference schemes, coupled with Tikhonov regularization, can solve the one-dimensional inverse heat conduction problem at values of the nondimensional time step DELTAt+ as low as DELTAt+ = 0.0003. A Lax-Richtmyer analysis is used to demonstrate dramatic differences in error amplification behavior among various space marching algorithms, for the same problem, on the same mesh; maximum error amplification factors may differ by more than 10 orders of magnitude at parameter values that are of interest in rocket nozzle applications. Slowly divergent schemes are characterized by their damping behavior at high frequencies. A widely used benchmark problem, where the surface temperature gradient is a step function, provides a basis for evaluating Tikhonov-regularized marching computations. With standard marching procedures, relatively high values of the regularization parameter r are found to be necessary; the resulting loss of resolution leads to erroneous solutions. When slowly divergent schemes are used, much lower values of r are possible, leading to reasonably accurate reconstruction of thermal histories at the active surface. RP CARASSO, AS (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,COMP & APPL MATH LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20892, USA. NR 15 TC 12 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 2 PU HEMISPHERE PUBL CORP PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 1040-7790 J9 NUMER HEAT TR B-FUND JI Numer Heat Tranf. B-Fundam. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 23 IS 1 BP 111 EP 126 DI 10.1080/10407799308914892 PG 16 WC Thermodynamics; Mechanics SC Thermodynamics; Mechanics GA KJ187 UT WOS:A1993KJ18700006 ER PT B AU SAUNDERS, BV AF SAUNDERS, BV BE Baines, MJ Morton, KW TI BOUNDARY-FITTED GRID GENERATION USING TENSOR PRODUCT B-SPLINES SO NUMERICAL METHODS FOR FLUID DYNAMICS 4 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Numerical Methods for Fluid Dynamics CY APR, 1992 CL READING UNIV, READING, ENGLAND SP INST COMP FLUID DYNAM HO READING UNIV C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP BN 0-19-853696-8 PY 1993 BP 309 EP 315 PG 7 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA BB68K UT WOS:A1993BB68K00023 ER PT S AU CARTER, WE ROBERTSON, DS AF CARTER, WE ROBERTSON, DS BE Singh, RP Feissel, M Tapley, BD Shum, CK TI MONITORING EARTH ORIENTATION THROUGH THE END OF THE CENTURY SO OBSERVATIONS OF EARTH FROM SPACE SE ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SYMP / TOPICAL MEETINGS OF COSPAR-INTERDISCIPLINARY-COMMISSION : OBSERVATIONS ON EARTH FROM SPACE, AT THE COSPAR 29TH-PLENARY MEETING CY AUG 28-SEP 05, 1992 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP COMM SPACE RES, COMM SCI & TECHNOL DEV COUNTRIES, INT UNION GEODESY & GEOPHYS, UNESCO, INT ASTRONAUT FEDERAT, INT UNION GEODESY & GEOPHYS, INT ASSOC GEODESY RP CARTER, WE (reprint author), NOAA,GEOSCI LAB,N-OES13,11400 ROCKVILLE PIKE,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON PRESS LTD PI OXFORD PA OXFORD SN 0273-1177 BN 0-08-042347-7 J9 ADV SPACE RES PY 1993 VL 13 BP 197 EP 202 DI 10.1016/0273-1177(93)90222-W PG 6 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA BZ37A UT WOS:A1993BZ37A00028 ER PT B AU BITTERMAN, D WILSON, D AF BITTERMAN, D WILSON, D GP IEEE TI A COMPACT CTD SYSTEM WITH PROGRAMMABLE CONTROLLER FOR OBTAINING INSITU WATER SAMPLES SO OCEANS 93 - PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-3: ENGINEERING IN HARMONY WITH THE OCEAN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Oceans 93 - Engineering in Harmony with the Ocean CY OCT 18-21, 1993 CL VICTORIA, CANADA SP IEEE, OCEAN ENGN SOC C1 NOAA,ATLANTIC OCEANOG & METEOROL LAB,MIAMI,FL 33149. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-1385-2 PY 1993 BP A144 EP A148 PG 5 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BC53C UT WOS:A1993BC53C00121 ER PT B AU APPELL, GF WILLIAMS, RG AF APPELL, GF WILLIAMS, RG GP IEEE TI LABORATORY AND FIELD MEASUREMENTS WITH A BROAD BAND ADCP SO OCEANS 93 - PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-3: ENGINEERING IN HARMONY WITH THE OCEAN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Oceans 93 - Engineering in Harmony with the Ocean CY OCT 18-21, 1993 CL VICTORIA, CANADA SP IEEE, OCEAN ENGN SOC C1 NOAA,NATL OCEAN SERV,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-1385-2 PY 1993 BP B390 EP B393 PG 4 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BC53C UT WOS:A1993BC53C00073 ER PT B AU BOSTELMAN, RV ALBUS, JS AF BOSTELMAN, RV ALBUS, JS GP IEEE TI STABILITY OF AN UNDERWATER WORK PLATFORM SUSPENDED FROM AN UNSTABLE REFERENCE SO OCEANS 93 - PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-3: ENGINEERING IN HARMONY WITH THE OCEAN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Oceans 93 - Engineering in Harmony with the Ocean CY OCT 18-21, 1993 CL VICTORIA, CANADA SP IEEE, OCEAN ENGN SOC C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-1385-2 PY 1993 BP B321 EP B325 PG 5 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BC53C UT WOS:A1993BC53C00060 ER PT B AU FREITAG, HP PLIMPTON, PE MCPHADEN, MJ AF FREITAG, HP PLIMPTON, PE MCPHADEN, MJ GP IEEE TI EVALUATION OF AN ADCP FISH-BIAS REJECTION ALGORITHM SO OCEANS 93 - PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-3: ENGINEERING IN HARMONY WITH THE OCEAN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Oceans 93 - Engineering in Harmony with the Ocean CY OCT 18-21, 1993 CL VICTORIA, CANADA SP IEEE, OCEAN ENGN SOC C1 NOAA,PACIFIC MARINE ENVIRONM LAB,SEATTLE,WA 98115. RI McPhaden, Michael/D-9799-2016 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-1385-2 PY 1993 BP B394 EP B397 PG 4 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BC53C UT WOS:A1993BC53C00074 ER PT B AU MATURI, EM PICHEL, WG AF MATURI, EM PICHEL, WG GP IEEE TI CLOUD MASKING FOR COAST WATCH SATELLITE IMAGERY SO OCEANS 93 - PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-3: ENGINEERING IN HARMONY WITH THE OCEAN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Oceans 93 - Engineering in Harmony with the Ocean CY OCT 18-21, 1993 CL VICTORIA, CANADA SP IEEE, OCEAN ENGN SOC C1 NOAA NESDIS ORA,WASHINGTON,DC 20233. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-1385-2 PY 1993 BP B369 EP B374 PG 6 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BC53C UT WOS:A1993BC53C00069 ER PT B AU MEINIG, C MILBURN, H NEWMAN, R CHADWICK, W AF MEINIG, C MILBURN, H NEWMAN, R CHADWICK, W GP IEEE TI ACOUSTIC EXTENSOMETER - A PRECISE LOW-COST ARRAY FOR HORIZONTAL DEFORMATION MONITORING ON THE SEA FLOOR SO OCEANS 93 - PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-3: ENGINEERING IN HARMONY WITH THE OCEAN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Oceans 93 - Engineering in Harmony with the Ocean CY OCT 18-21, 1993 CL VICTORIA, CANADA SP IEEE, OCEAN ENGN SOC C1 NOAA,PACIFIC MARINE ENVIRONM LAB,SEATTLE,WA 98115. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-1385-2 PY 1993 BP B117 EP B121 PG 5 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BC53C UT WOS:A1993BC53C00024 ER PT B AU VANDEVOORDE, NE MICHELENA, ED AF VANDEVOORDE, NE MICHELENA, ED GP IEEE TI WSD BAROMETRIC TEST BUOYS DEPLOYED IN THE GULF-OF-MEXICO SO OCEANS 93 - PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-3: ENGINEERING IN HARMONY WITH THE OCEAN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Oceans 93 - Engineering in Harmony with the Ocean CY OCT 18-21, 1993 CL VICTORIA, CANADA SP IEEE, OCEAN ENGN SOC C1 NATL DATA BUOY CTR,BAY ST LOUIS,MS 39529. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-1385-2 PY 1993 BP B105 EP B110 PG 6 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BC53C UT WOS:A1993BC53C00022 ER PT B AU SOREIDE, NN MCCLURG, DC ZHU, WH DENBO, DW MCPHADEN, MJ AF SOREIDE, NN MCCLURG, DC ZHU, WH DENBO, DW MCPHADEN, MJ GP IEEE TI THE TAO WORKSTATION DISPLAY SOFTWARE FOR REAL-TIME DATA FROM THE TOGA-TAO ARRAY OF MOORED BUOYS SO OCEANS 93 - PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-3: ENGINEERING IN HARMONY WITH THE OCEAN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Oceans 93 - Engineering in Harmony with the Ocean CY OCT 18-21, 1993 CL VICTORIA, CANADA SP IEEE, OCEAN ENGN SOC C1 NOAA,PACIFIC MARINE ENVIRONM LAB,SEATTLE,WA 98115. RI McPhaden, Michael/D-9799-2016 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-1385-2 PY 1993 BP C340 EP C343 PG 4 WC Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BC53C UT WOS:A1993BC53C00244 ER PT B AU MARX, E VORBURGER, TV AF MARX, E VORBURGER, TV BE Stover, JC TI WINDOWING EFFECTS ON LIGHT-SCATTERING BY SINUSOIDAL SURFACES SO OPTICAL SCATTERING: APPLICATIONS, MEASUREMENT, AND THEORY II SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Optical Scattering: Applications, Measurement, and Theory II CY JUL 15-16, 1993 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP SOC PHOTO OPT INSTRUMENTAT ENGINEERS C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-1244-9 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1993 VL 1995 BP 2 EP 14 PG 13 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BZ81T UT WOS:A1993BZ81T00001 ER PT J AU HICKERNELL, RK TAKADA, K YAMADA, M SHIMIZU, M HORIGUCHI, M AF HICKERNELL, RK TAKADA, K YAMADA, M SHIMIZU, M HORIGUCHI, M TI PUMP-INDUCED DISPERSION OF ERBIUM-DOPED FIBER MEASURED BY FOURIER-TRANSFORM SPECTROSCOPY SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CHROMATIC DISPERSION; AMPLIFIERS AB We report the measure-ent of group index and dispersion in an erbium-doped fiber amplifier by Fourier transformation of low-coherence interferograms. In a germania-codoped fiber whose background dispersion was -14 ps/(km nm) we measured resonant gain-induced changes as high as 9 and -12 ps/(km nm) near 1.536 mum. The interferometric measurements agree with calculations based on a Kramers-Kronig transformation of absorption and emission spectra. C1 NIPPON TELEGRAPH & TEL PUBL CORP, OPTO ELECTR LABS, IBARAKI 31911, JAPAN. RP HICKERNELL, RK (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, 325 BROADWAY, BOULDER, CO 80303 USA. NR 10 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0146-9592 EI 1539-4794 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD JAN 1 PY 1993 VL 18 IS 1 BP 19 EP 21 DI 10.1364/OL.18.000019 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA KF111 UT WOS:A1993KF11100007 PM 19798336 ER PT J AU MEYERS, PA EADIE, BJ AF MEYERS, PA EADIE, BJ TI SOURCES, DEGRADATION AND RECYCLING OF ORGANIC-MATTER ASSOCIATED WITH SINKING PARTICLES IN LAKE-MICHIGAN SO ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE SEDIMENT TRAPS; CARBON ISOTOPES; NITROGEN ISOTOPES; N-ALKANES; N-ALKANOIC ACIDS; DECOMPOSITION RATE CONSTANTS; LAKE SEDIMENTS ID PARTICULATE MATTER; NORTHEAST PACIFIC; SEDIMENT TRAP; WAX ESTERS; FLUXES; CARBON; HYDROCARBONS; GEOCHEMISTRY; PRODUCTIVITY; NITROGEN AB Sediment trap material collected at five depths from two locations in Lake Michigan has been studied to determine the sources of particulate organic matter and the early diagenetic changes which occur during sinking of particles. Aquatic material dominates in shallower depths whereas land-derived material is more important in near-bottom depths. Organic carbon concentrations decrease with depth as a result of remineralization of organic matter by microbial activity and dilution by resuspended bottom sediments. Preferential remineralization of algal organic matter and downslope transport of particulate matter from coastal areas create differences in the lipid biomarker characteristics of settling particles found at different depths in the water column. Calculations of apparent decomposition rate constants from lipid distributions at different depths show that shorter chainlength n-alkanoic acids are degraded faster than longer components. Carbon and nitrogen isotopic compositions of total organic matter are nearly unaffected by large-scale amounts of remineralization during sinking. C1 UNIV MICHIGAN,CTR GREAT LAKES & AQUAT STUDIES,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. NOAA,GREAT LAKES ENVIRONM RES LAB,ANN ARBOR,MI 48105. RP MEYERS, PA (reprint author), UNIV MICHIGAN,DEPT GEOL SCI,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109, USA. OI Meyers, Philip/0000-0002-9709-7528 NR 42 TC 143 Z9 154 U1 1 U2 22 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0146-6380 J9 ORG GEOCHEM JI Org. Geochem. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 20 IS 1 BP 47 EP 56 DI 10.1016/0146-6380(93)90080-U PG 10 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA KQ816 UT WOS:A1993KQ81600007 ER PT B AU VORBURGER, T MCWAID, T FU, J EVANS, CJ ESTLER, WT PARKS, RE AF VORBURGER, T MCWAID, T FU, J EVANS, CJ ESTLER, WT PARKS, RE BE Hawryluk, AM Stulen, RH TI SURFACE METROLOGY OF SOFT-X-RAY OPTICS SO OSA PROCEEDINGS ON SOFT X-RAY PROJECTION LITHOGRAPHY SE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT OSA Topical Meeting on Soft X-Ray Projection Lithography CY MAY 10-12, 1993 CL MONTEREY, CA SP OPT SOC AMER, USAF, OFF SCI RES, DEF ADV RES PROJECTS AGCY, US DOE C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV PRECIS ENGN,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMERICA PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 BN 1-55752-304-5 J9 OSA PROC PY 1993 VL 18 BP 110 EP 112 PG 3 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BA05Y UT WOS:A1993BA05Y00023 ER PT B AU DODGE, MJ AF DODGE, MJ BE Wilkerson, GW TI CURRENT NEEDS FOR THE CHARACTERIZATION OF THE REFRACTIVE PROPERTIES OF TRANSMISSIVE-OPTICAL MATERIALS SO PASSIVE MATERIALS FOR OPTICAL ELEMENTS II SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Passive Materials for Optical Elements II CY JUL 14-15, 1993 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP SOC PHOTO OPT INSTRUMENTAT ENGINEERS C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,FREDERICK,MD 21702. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-1267-8 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1993 VL 2018 BP 2 EP 12 DI 10.1117/12.165217 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Materials Science; Optics GA BA45H UT WOS:A1993BA45H00001 ER PT B AU LINSKY, JL AF LINSKY, JL BE Dworetsky, MM Castelli, F Faraggiana, R TI RADIO AND X-RAY EMISSIONS FROM CHEMICALLY PECULIAR B-TYPE AND A-TYPE STARS - OBSERVATIONS AND A MODEL SO PECULIAR VERSUS NORMAL PHENOMENA IN A-TYPE AND RELATED STARS SE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC CONFERENCE SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 138th International Astronomical Union Colloquium on Peculiar Versus Normal Phenomena in A-Type and Related Stars CY JUL, 1992 CL TRIESTE, ITALY SP INT ASTRON UNION, EUROPEAN ASTRON SOC, NATL COUNCIL RES, UNIV TRIESTE, INTERUNIV REG CTR ASTROPHYS & COSMOL, UNIV TRIESTE, CONSORTIUM DEV RES PHYS INST, INTERDISCIPLINARY LAB NAT & HUMANIST SCI, INFORMATICA SIST ENTI LOCALI, INT SCH ADV STUDY, INT CTR THEORET PHYS, ENTE REG DIRITTO STUDIO C1 NATL INST STANDARDS & TECHNOL,JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80309. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 BN 0-937707-63-5 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 1993 VL 44 BP 507 EP 516 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BZ94T UT WOS:A1993BZ94T00064 ER PT B AU PHILLIPS, WD AF PHILLIPS, WD BE TranThanhVan, J Damour, T Hinds, E Wilkerson, J TI QUANTUM BEHAVIOR OF LASER COOLED ATOMS SO PERSPECTIVES IN NEUTRINOS ATOMIC PHYSICS AND GRAVITATION SE MORIOND WORKSHOPS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT XXVIIIth Rencontre De Moriond on Perspectives in Neutrinos Atomic Physics and Gravitation CY JAN 30-FEB 06, 1993 CL VILLARS OLLON, SWITZERLAND SP COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, CNRS, CEA C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS FRONTIERES PI DREUX PA 7 AVENUE KENNEDY, 28100 DREUX, FRANCE BN 2-86332-136-6 J9 MORIOND WOR PY 1993 BP 345 EP 347 PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA BB19U UT WOS:A1993BB19U00040 ER PT J AU LECKRONE, DS SUGAR, J WEISS, A AF LECKRONE, DS SUGAR, J WEISS, A TI THE 4TH INTERNATIONAL-COLLOQUIUM ON ATOMIC SPECTRA AND OSCILLATOR-STRENGTHS FOR ASTROPHYSICAL AND LABORATORY PLASMAS - GAITHERSBURG, MD, USA, SEPTEMBER 14-17, 1992 - FOREWORD SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Editorial Material C1 NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP LECKRONE, DS (reprint author), NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,CODE 681,GREENBELT,MD 20771, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0281-1847 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PY 1993 VL T47 BP 3 EP 3 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/1993/T47/E01 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA LQ507 UT WOS:A1993LQ50700001 ER PT J AU DESLATTES, RD AF DESLATTES, RD TI EXPERIMENTAL ASPECTS AND Z-DEPENDENT SYSTEMATICS IN ONE-ELECTRON AND 2-ELECTRON IONS AND SINGLE VACANCY SYSTEMS SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT NOBEL SYMP 85 : HEAVY-ION SPECTROSCOPY AND QUANTUM-ELECTRODYNAMIC EFFECTS IN ATOMIC SYSTEMS CY JUN 29-JUL 03, 1992 CL SALTSJOBADEN, SWEDEN ID 1S LAMB-SHIFT; TRANSITIONS AB Some predominantly experimental considerations concerning both few electron highly charged ion spectra and inner-shell vacancy spectra are discussed in relation to the currently available theoretical approaches. For the cases of H-like and He-like spectra theoretical machinery appears to be well in hand particularly in comparison to the relatively sparse experimental database which is also of limited accuracy in most cases. Owing particularly to some impressive recent theoretical progress on the problem of nearly neutral ions containing inner-shell vacancies, the traditional X-ray data suitably filtered and strengthened by modem measurements, appear to offer some quite useful insights in spite of their formidable complexity. With the advent of new storage ring facilities and advanced technology ion sources as well as a new effort on transuranic X-ray spectra, one can reasonably foresee an upcoming period of fruitful activity. RP DESLATTES, RD (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 32 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0281-1847 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PY 1993 VL T46 BP 9 EP 15 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/1993/T46/001 PG 7 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA LM444 UT WOS:A1993LM44400002 ER PT J AU MOHR, PJ AF MOHR, PJ TI QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS CALCULATIONS IN FEW-ELECTRON SYSTEMS SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT NOBEL SYMP 85 : HEAVY-ION SPECTROSCOPY AND QUANTUM-ELECTRODYNAMIC EFFECTS IN ATOMIC SYSTEMS CY JUN 29-JUL 03, 1992 CL SALTSJOBADEN, SWEDEN ID LITHIUM-LIKE URANIUM; SELF-ENERGY; LAMB SHIFT; VACUUM POLARIZATION; HEAVY-ATOMS; BINDING; STATES; FIELD AB Recent work on nonperturbative (in Zalpha) calculations of quantum electrodynamic (QED) effects in high-Z few-electron atoms is reviewed. Topics covered are precise calculations of the Coulomb self energy in hydrogenic atoms, nuclear size effects on the self energy, and electron screening effects on the self energy and vacuum polarization. Various computational methods are compared. RP MOHR, PJ (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 37 TC 28 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 2 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0281-1847 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PY 1993 VL T46 BP 44 EP 51 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/1993/T46/005 PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA LM444 UT WOS:A1993LM44400006 ER PT J AU KIM, YK AF KIM, YK TI WHATS NEW IN RELATIVISTIC ATOMIC-STRUCTURE THEORY SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4TH INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON ATOMIC SPECTRA AND OSCILLATOR STRENGTHS FOR ASTROPHYSICAL AND LABORATORY PLASMAS CY SEP 14-17, 1992 CL NIST, GAITHERSBURG, MD HO NIST ID MULTICONFIGURATIONAL DIRAC-FOCK; ENERGY-LEVELS; ISOELECTRONIC SEQUENCE; NA-LIKE; IONS; WAVELENGTHS; PROGRAM AB The current status of relativistic atomic structure theory is reviewed with an emphasis on the multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock method and relativistic many-body perturbation theory. The relative importance of electron correlation, relativistic and quantum electrodynamic corrections is discussed by comparing some theoretical and experimental results. RP KIM, YK (reprint author), NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 22 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0281-1847 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PY 1993 VL T47 BP 54 EP 58 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/1993/T47/007 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA LQ507 UT WOS:A1993LQ50700009 ER PT J AU KELLEHER, DE WIESE, WL HELBIG, V GREENE, RL OZA, DH AF KELLEHER, DE WIESE, WL HELBIG, V GREENE, RL OZA, DH TI ADVANCES IN PLASMA BROADENING OF ATOMIC-HYDROGEN SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4TH INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON ATOMIC SPECTRA AND OSCILLATOR STRENGTHS FOR ASTROPHYSICAL AND LABORATORY PLASMAS CY SEP 14-17, 1992 CL NIST, GAITHERSBURG, MD HO NIST ID STARK PROFILES; ION-DYNAMICS; DENSE-PLASMAS; BALMER LINES; ALPHA; DENSITIES; HOT AB The Stark broadening tables for hydrogen Lyman, Balmer and Paschen lines published in the early seventies give accurate results for the widths of the beta lines down to relatively low electron densities, and for the far line wings in general. However, the half-widths of the alpha lines can be in error by as much as a factor of 30, particularly at intermediate densities. Modem theoretical methods are capable of producing accurate values over the entire density range. Recent developments in the Stark broadening of non-hydrogenic species are also considered. C1 PHYS CONSULTING GRP,N POTOMAC,MD. CHRISTIAN ALBRECHTS UNIV KIEL,W-2300 KIEL 1,GERMANY. UNIV NEW ORLEANS,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70148. RP KELLEHER, DE (reprint author), NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 33 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 9 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0281-1847 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PY 1993 VL T47 BP 75 EP 79 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/1993/T47/011 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA LQ507 UT WOS:A1993LQ50700013 ER PT J AU KIM, YK AF KIM, YK TI REMARKS ON THE STRUCTURE SYMPOSIUM SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Editorial Material RP KIM, YK (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0281-1847 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PY 1993 VL T46 BP 101 EP 101 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/1993/T46/013 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA LM444 UT WOS:A1993LM44400014 ER PT J AU WIESE, WL DETERS, TM AF WIESE, WL DETERS, TM TI PROGRESS IN ATOMIC TRANSITION-PROBABILITIES SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4TH INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON ATOMIC SPECTRA AND OSCILLATOR STRENGTHS FOR ASTROPHYSICAL AND LABORATORY PLASMAS CY SEP 14-17, 1992 CL NIST, GAITHERSBURG, MD HO NIST ID LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; CRITICAL DATA COMPILATION; OSCILLATOR-STRENGTHS; OPACITY CALCULATIONS; ALLOWED TRANSITIONS; LIFETIMES; NITROGEN; OXYGEN; LINES; CARBON AB The quality and quantity of atomic transition probability data for the light elements have dramatically improved with recent calculations of very large amounts of data based on sophisticated atomic structure theories. Comprehensive results covering every stage of ionization in the ten lightest elements are available from an international collaboration known as the ''Opacity Project'', in which the close-coupling approximation in conjunction with the R-matrix method is employed. Also, a lesser but still substantial amount of data for the spectra of neutral carbon, nitrogen and oxygen and some of their lower ions has been recently calculated with the configuration interaction code CIV 3. We have undertaken extensive comparisons between the two calculations, between these and other advanced calculations (which have been typically performed on a much smaller scale) and with advanced experimental data. The comparisons show a high degree of mutual agreement among the data, typically of the order of +/- 10-15%, with only two exceptions - neutral carbon and nitrogen. For these two spectra, severe configuration interaction renders the calculations partially unreliable, especially for transitions involving certain spectroscopic terms. With these new data at our disposal, a new comprehensive compilation for the ten lightest elements is underway at NIST. We anticipate that the new tables will be vastly superior in data quantity and quality to the 1966 NBS tables. As the first part of our work, extensive tables for the three ''atmospheric'' elements, carbon, nitrogen and oxygen, are in preparation. RP WIESE, WL (reprint author), NIST,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 35 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0281-1847 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PY 1993 VL T47 BP 118 EP 123 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/1993/T47/018 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA LQ507 UT WOS:A1993LQ50700020 ER PT J AU SHULL, JM AF SHULL, JM TI ATOMIC DATA NEEDS FOR STUDIES OF THE INTERSTELLAR AND INTERGALACTIC MEDIUM SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4TH INTERNATIONAL COLLOQUIUM ON ATOMIC SPECTRA AND OSCILLATOR STRENGTHS FOR ASTROPHYSICAL AND LABORATORY PLASMAS CY SEP 14-17, 1992 CL NIST, GAITHERSBURG, MD HO NIST ID ELECTRON-IMPACT IONIZATION; II OSCILLATOR-STRENGTHS; ABSOLUTE CROSS-SECTIONS; LI-LIKE IONS; ABSORPTION-LINES; SI-II; FE-II; ELEMENT DEPLETIONS; SUPERNOVA-REMNANTS; 2S-2P EXCITATION AB Modem astrophysical studies rely heavily on atomic data for derivation of physical parameters from observations, as well as for theoretical modeling. In few areas of astronomy is this interplay more lively than studies of interstellar and intergalactic matter. In this review I discuss four areas in which laboratory or theoretical data on atoms, ions, and solids can aid in the interpretation of astrophysical data: (1) Abundances and absorption-line oscillator strengths; (2) Hot plasma ionization and emission; (3) Chemically enriched supernova ejecta; and (4) Solid-state physics of interstellar dust grains. C1 UNIV COLORADO,DEPT ASTROPHYS PLANETARY & ATMOSPHER SCI,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP SHULL, JM (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS,CAMPUS BOX 440,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. NR 110 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0281-1847 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PY 1993 VL T47 BP 165 EP 170 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/1993/T47/026 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA LQ507 UT WOS:A1993LQ50700028 ER PT J AU PAN, C STARACE, AF AF PAN, C STARACE, AF TI RELATIVE PHOTOIONIZATION AND PHOTODETACHMENT CROSS-SECTIONS FOR PARTICULAR FINE-STRUCTURE TRANSITIONS WITH APPLICATION TO CL 3S-SUBSHELL PHOTOIONIZATION SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROMETRY; RESONANCES AB The relative photoionization cross section for starting from a particular fine-structure level of the initial state of an atomic system and leading to a particular fine-structure level of the residual ion is presented for the case of atomic systems having one open subshell using a simple theoretical model in which emphasis is placed on the analysis of geometrical effects. This model parametrizes photoionization cross sections in terms of LS-dependent, single-configuration dynamical amplitudes, unlike previous treatments which assume LS-independent transition amplitudes from the start. In special cases our general formulas are shown to reduce to those of previous workers. We highlight photoionization of inner 8 subshells in open-shell atoms and show that when the total angular momenta for the initial atomic and final ionic fine-structure levels differ by more than 1/2 then such transitions are quasiforbidden. This prediction is tested in detail for the case of Cl 38-subshell photoionization by comparison of our single-configuration results with the multiconfiguration, eigenchannel R-matrix results of Robicheaux and Greene [Phys. Rev. A (to be published)]. All of our results apply also to photoionization of open-shell positive ions or photodetachment of open-shell negative ions. C1 UNIV COLORADO,JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80309. NIST,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP PAN, C (reprint author), UNIV NEBRASKA,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,LINCOLN,NE 68588, USA. NR 26 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JAN PY 1993 VL 47 IS 1 BP 295 EP 304 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.47.295 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA KG725 UT WOS:A1993KG72500045 ER PT J AU THUMM, U NORCROSS, DW AF THUMM, U NORCROSS, DW TI ANGLE-DIFFERENTIAL AND MOMENTUM-TRANSFER CROSS-SECTIONS FOR LOW-ENERGY ELECTRON-CS SCATTERING SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID ELASTIC-SCATTERING; SPIN-POLARIZATION; ATOMS; CESIUM AB Based on a previous Dirac R-matrix calculation [U. Thumm and D. W. Norcross, Phys. Rev. A 45, 6349 (1992)], we have derived elastic and inelastic angle-differential and elastic momentum-transfer cross sections for slow electrons (E(kin) less-than-or-equal-to 2.8 eV) colliding with neutral Cs atoms. Our results for the angle-differential cross sections are in good agreement with scaled experimental data and, depending on the incident electron energy, in qualitative or fair quantitative agreement with previously published theoretical work. The inelastic angle-differential cross sections for 6p1/2 and 6p3/2 excitation differ by more than a statistical branching ratio due to relativistic effects. For the momentum-transfer cross sections, we hope to resolve existing discrepancies in the literature and to provide more reliable input for transport calculations. C1 NIST,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP THUMM, U (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. OI Thumm, Uwe/0000-0001-9378-6601 NR 25 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JAN PY 1993 VL 47 IS 1 BP 305 EP 316 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.47.305 PG 12 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA KG725 UT WOS:A1993KG72500046 ER PT J AU GUO, XQ BELL, EW THOMPSON, JS DUNN, GH BANNISTER, ME PHANEUF, RA SMITH, ACH AF GUO, XQ BELL, EW THOMPSON, JS DUNN, GH BANNISTER, ME PHANEUF, RA SMITH, ACH TI EVIDENCE FOR SIGNIFICANT BACKSCATTERING IN NEAR-THRESHOLD ELECTRON-IMPACT EXCITATION OF AR7+(3S-]3P) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Note ID SCATTERING CROSS-SECTIONS; ENERGY-LOSS; 2S-2P EXCITATION; TRANSITION; ABSOLUTE; BEAMS; IONS AB Measurements of absolute total cross sections for electron-impact excitation of Ar7+ (3s --> 3p) using a merged-beams electron-energy-loss technique show that near threshold the inelastically scattered electrons are ejected primarily in the backward direction. This unusual angular scattering has not been previously observed for atoms or ions, but may be typical for multiply charged ions. The total cross sections, measured over an energy range to 2.2 eV above threshold, agree with seven-state R-matrix close-coupling calculations. Both close-coupling and distorted-wave calculations also confirm the backscattering observed in these measurements. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BOULDER,CO. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV LONDON UNIV COLL,LONDON WC1E 6BT,ENGLAND. RP GUO, XQ (reprint author), UNIV COLORADO,JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80309, USA. NR 17 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JAN PY 1993 VL 47 IS 1 BP R9 EP R12 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.47.R9 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA KG725 UT WOS:A1993KG72500003 ER PT J AU LEVIN, JC SELLIN, IA JOHNSON, BM LINDLE, DW MILLER, RD BERRAH, N AZUMA, Y BERRY, HG LEE, DH AF LEVIN, JC SELLIN, IA JOHNSON, BM LINDLE, DW MILLER, RD BERRAH, N AZUMA, Y BERRY, HG LEE, DH TI HIGH-ENERGY BEHAVIOR OF THE DOUBLE PHOTOIONIZATION OF HELIUM FROM 2-KEV TO 12-KEV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Note ID SYNCHROTRON RADIATION BEAMLINE; DOUBLE IONIZATION; RARE-GASES; THRESHOLD; RESOLUTION; IMPACT AB We report the ratio of double-to-single photoionization of He at several photon energies from 2 to 12 keV. By time-of-flight methods, we find a ratio consistent with an asymptote at 1.5% +/- 0.2%, essentially reached by hnu almost-equal-to 4 keV. Fair agreement is obtained with older shake calculations of Byron and Joachain [Phys. Rev. 164, 1 (1967)], of Aberg [Phys. Rev. A 2, 1726 (1970)], and with recent many-body perturbation theory (MBPT) of Ishihara, Hino, and McGuire [Phys. Rev. A 44, 6980 (1991)]. The result lies below earlier MPBT calculations by Amusia et al. [J. Phys. B 8, 1248 (1975)] (2.3%), and well above semiempirical predictions of Samson [Phys. Rev. Lett. 65, 2861 (1990)], who expects no asymptote and predicts sigma(He2+)/sigma(He+) = 0.3% at 12 keV. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,UPTON,NY 11973. UNIV NEVADA,LAS VEGAS,NV 89154. WESTERN MICHIGAN UNIV,DEPT PHYS,KALAMAZOO,MI 49008. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP LEVIN, JC (reprint author), NATL INST STAND TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 28 TC 67 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD JAN PY 1993 VL 47 IS 1 BP R16 EP R19 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.47.R16 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA KG725 UT WOS:A1993KG72500005 ER PT J AU CATICHA, A AF CATICHA, A TI DIFFRACTION OF X-RAYS AT THE FAR TAILS OF THE BRAGG PEAKS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DYNAMIC THEORY; REFLECTION; SCATTERING; SURFACE; ANGLE; MULTILAYERS AB It is known that the kinematical and dynamical theories of diffraction by perfect crystals predict the same values for the intensities scattered into the vicinity of the Bragg peaks whenever those intensities are low. Here we address the question of whether this is also true throughout the region between two Bragg peaks. We show that the two theories give equivalent results for the weak intensities in the far tails of the Bragg peaks provided better approximations for both the shape of the dispersion surface and the boundary conditions are used: One needs to take into account the asymptotic sphericity of the dispersion surface and the difference between electric and displacement fields. This results in a nontrivial transmission coefficient for the diffracted electric field as it leaves the crystal. By explicitly showing the equivalence of kinematical and dynamical results, this work provides additional theoretical support for the kinematical approach usually adopted to describe the so-called truncation-rod scattering. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. UNIV MARYLAND,INST PHYS SCI & TECHNOL,COLL PK,MD 20742. NR 28 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 1993 VL 47 IS 1 BP 76 EP 83 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.47.76 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA KH037 UT WOS:A1993KH03700009 ER PT J AU OBRIEN, WL JIA, J DONG, QY CALLCOTT, TA MIYANO, KE EDERER, DL MUELLER, DR KAO, CC AF OBRIEN, WL JIA, J DONG, QY CALLCOTT, TA MIYANO, KE EDERER, DL MUELLER, DR KAO, CC TI PHONON RELAXATION IN SOFT-X-RAY EMISSION OF INSULATORS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SPECTRA; SI(100); METALS; EDGES; MGO; LI AB Phonon-relaxation effects on the L2,3 soft-x-ray emission of MgO, Al2O3, and SiO2 are measured by comparing soft-x-ray emission spectra to photoelectron spectra. The observed shifts of the soft-x-ray emission spectra relative to the photoelectron spectra are identified as Stokes shifts and are described in terms of partial phonon relaxation. The observed Stokes shifts are 0.5, 0.9, and 1.2 eV for MgO, Al2O3, and SiO2, respectively. Similar measurements on Mg, Al, and Si show no detectable Stokes shift within the experimental uncertainty of 0.2 eV. The larger Stokes shifts observed in the oxides are due to the longer core-hole lifetime, the faster phonon relaxation, and larger phonon relaxation energy in the oxides. C1 TULANE UNIV,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70118. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RP OBRIEN, WL (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 21 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 1993 VL 47 IS 1 BP 140 EP 143 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.47.140 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA KH037 UT WOS:A1993KH03700018 ER PT J AU NAKOTTE, H ROBINSON, RA LYNN, JW BRUCK, E DEBOER, FR AF NAKOTTE, H ROBINSON, RA LYNN, JW BRUCK, E DEBOER, FR TI FIELD-INDUCED TRANSITION IN UPDSN AT 3-T SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article AB A single crystal of the intermetallic compound UPdSn has been studied by means of neutron diffraction on a two-axis spectrometer in magnetic fields up to 7 T and at temperatures between 6 and 46 K. The uranium moments have previously been shown to exhibit two antiferromagnetic phase transitions at approximately 25 and 40 K. The c axis is known to be the hard magnetic axis, and if the field is applied in the hexagonal basal plane, the magnetization measurements show a low-temperature spin-flop transition at approximately 3 T. In the present measurements, the field was applied along the [100] direction of the orthorhombic magnetic unit-cell. We have studied the temperature dependence of the (010) antiferromagnetic reflection, which corresponds to the order parameter of the 25-K transition, at fixed fields; the ground state is stable for fields below 3.5 T and temperatures below 25 K, and we have established the magnetic phase boundaries in this regime. We also made a series of measurements in which the sample was zero-field cooled from high temperature and then the field was ramped up and down at fixed temperature. In this configuration, we observe significant irreversible domain repopulation effects below the spin-flop transition as the field is increased, but the curves obtained on reducing the field from above the spin-flop transition seem to be indicative of intrinsic single-domain properties; they are consistent with the field-cooled data. We have also studied the induced (ferromagnetic) moment, and have found that the behavior is very different above and below the 25-K transition. For T < 25 K, there is a sharp transition at approximately 3 T in agreement with bulk magnetization measurements, while above 25 K, the magnetic intensity rises parabolically with fields as would be expected for a simple antiferromagnet; the induced magnetic moment in this case arises from the transverse magnetic susceptibility. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NBS,DIV REACTOR RADIAT,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. UNIV MARYLAND,COLL PK,MD 20742. RP NAKOTTE, H (reprint author), UNIV AMSTERDAM,VANDERWAALS ZEEMAN LAB,1018 XE AMSTERDAM,NETHERLANDS. RI Bruck, Ekkes/E-3365-2014 NR 11 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD JAN 1 PY 1993 VL 47 IS 2 BP 831 EP 839 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.47.831 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA KG728 UT WOS:A1993KG72800029 ER PT J AU JIN, GX TANG, S SENGERS, JV AF JIN, GX TANG, S SENGERS, JV TI GLOBAL THERMODYNAMIC BEHAVIOR OF FLUID MIXTURES IN THE CRITICAL REGION SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID SCALED EQUATION; CARBON-DIOXIDE; CRITICAL-POINT; CROSSOVER; ETHANE; SYSTEMS; STATE; MODEL; HEAT AB In a previous publication [Z. Y. Chen, A. Abbaci, S. Tang, and J.V. Sengers, Phys. Rev. A 42, 4470 (1990)] a renormalized Landau expansion was constructed for the thermodynamic free energy of one-component fluids that incorporates the crossover from singular thermodynamic behavior at the critical point to regular behavior far away from the critical point. In the present paper the approach is extended to obtain a crossover free energy for binary fluid mixtures in the region around the vapor-liquid critical line. The thermodynamic equations thus obtained are compared with experimental equation-of-state and specific-heat data for mixtures of carbon dioxide and ethane. C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV THERMOPHYS,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP JIN, GX (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,INST PHYS SCI & TECHNOL,COLL PK,MD 20742, USA. NR 61 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JAN PY 1993 VL 47 IS 1 BP 388 EP 402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.47.388 PG 15 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA KY134 UT WOS:A1993KY13400049 ER PT J AU THIRUMALAI, D MOUNTAIN, RD AF THIRUMALAI, D MOUNTAIN, RD TI ACTIVATED DYNAMICS, LOSS OF ERGODICITY, AND TRANSPORT IN SUPERCOOLED LIQUIDS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID SOFT-SPHERE ALLOYS; GLASS-TRANSITION; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; STRUCTURAL RELAXATION; CORRELATION LENGTH; CONVERGENCE; SIMULATION; VISCOSITY; DIFFUSION; BEHAVIOR AB The dynamics of the transition from supercooled liquid to glass is examined in terms of several probes: ergodic measures, self-diffusion coefficients, the Van Hove self-correlation functions, and the shear viscosity. Constant-pressure molecular-dynamics calculations at several temperatures are performed for a Lennard-Jones mixture and binary mixtures of soft spheres. The temperature dependence of the ergodicity diffusion parameters for both systems follow the Vogel-Fulcher law. On the other hand, the self-diffusion coefficients exhibit Arrhenius behavior for the soft-sphere system, but Vogel-Fulcher behavior for the Lennard-Jones system. These observations suggest that loss of effective ergodicity may be the universal feature of glass-forming substances. Various probes of the dynamics of the mixtures studied here suggest that the mechanism for mass transport dramatically changes from a simple diffusive process to one that involves activated transitions. The temperature at which this occurs is higher than the glass transition temperature T(g) and lies in the range 1.1 < T/T(g) < 1.3. In this temperature range the effective ergodic times also increase very rapidly and suggest that the relaxation process is dominated by the presence of barriers in configuration space. We also show that the Stokes-Einstein relation between the shear viscosity and the self-diffusion coefficients starts to break down in the temperature range where the ergodic convergence times increase dramatically. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT CHEM,COLL PK,MD 20742. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV THERMOPHYS,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP THIRUMALAI, D (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,INST PHYS SCI & TECHNOL,COLL PK,MD 20742, USA. NR 42 TC 98 Z9 99 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD JAN PY 1993 VL 47 IS 1 BP 479 EP 489 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.47.479 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA KY134 UT WOS:A1993KY13400059 ER PT B AU ROBERTSON, B AF ROBERTSON, B BE Grandy, WT Milonni, PW TI NONEQUILIBRIUM STATISTICAL-MECHANICS SO PHYSICS AND PROBABILITY: ESSAYS IN HONOR OF EDWIN T. JAYNES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Physics and Probability CY MAY 15-16, 1992 CL UNIV WYOMING, LARAMIE, WY SP UNIV WYOMING, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON HO UNIV WYOMING C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE, CAMBS, ENGLAND CB2 1RP BN 0-521-43471-8 PY 1993 BP 251 EP 260 DI 10.1017/CBO9780511524448.023 PG 10 WC Mechanics; Optics; Physics, Mathematical SC Mechanics; Optics; Physics GA BA06K UT WOS:A1993BA06K00022 ER PT B AU WIEMAN, CE AF WIEMAN, CE BE Cumalat, J TI ATOMIC PARITY NONCONSERVATION SO PHYSICS IN COLLISION 12 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Annual International Conference on Physics in Collision CY JUN 10-12, 1992 CL BOULDER, CO SP UNIV COLORADO, NATL SCI FDN, US DOE C1 UNIV COLORADO,NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80302. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS FRONTIERES PI DREUX PA 7 AVENUE KENNEDY, 28100 DREUX, FRANCE BN 2-86332-129-3 PY 1993 BP 47 EP 63 PG 17 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BB01Q UT WOS:A1993BB01Q00003 ER PT S AU SPAIN, EM SMITH, CJ DALBERTH, MJ LEONE, SR AF SPAIN, EM SMITH, CJ DALBERTH, MJ LEONE, SR BE Andersen, T Fastrup, B Folkmann, F Knudsen, H Andersen, N TI ORBITAL ALIGNMENT AND VECTOR CORRELATIONS IN INELASTIC ATOMIC-COLLISIONS SO PHYSICS OF ELECTRONIC AND ATOMIC COLLISIONS: XVIII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th International Conference on The Physics of Electronic and Atomic Collisions (XVIII ICPEAC) CY JUL 21-27, 1993 CL CONCERT HALL, AARHUS, DENMARK SP DANISH SCI RES COUNCIL, DANISH ACCELERATOR COMM, COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, INT UNION PURE & APPL PHYS, THOMAS B THRIGES FOND, OTTO MONSTEDS FOND, KNUD HOJGAARDS FOND, CARLSBERGFONDET, JYSK TELEFON A S, UNIBANK, SCANDINAVIAN AIRLINES SYST, DANFYSIK, SCANDNORDAX AB, CABURN, MDC HO CONCERT HALL C1 UNIV COLORADO,NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AIP PRESS PI WOODBURY PA AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS 500 SUNNYSIDE BOULEVARD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0094-243X BN 1-56396-290-X J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 1993 IS 295 BP 675 EP 683 PG 9 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Physics GA BA16S UT WOS:A1993BA16S00055 ER PT B AU LINSKY, JL AF LINSKY, JL BE Linsky, JF Serio, S TI A-TYPE AND CHEMICALLY PECULIAR STARS SO PHYSICS OF SOLAR AND STELLAR CORONAE: G.S VAIANA MEMORIAL SYMPOSIUM SE ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE LIBRARY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT G S Vaiana Memorial Symposium on Physics of Solar and Stellar Coronae CY JUN 22-26, 1992 CL PALERMO, ITALY SP INT ASTRON UNION DE CHEMICALLY PECULIAR STARS; A-TYPE STARS; X-RAY EMISSION; RADIO EMISSION C1 UNIV COLORADO,NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80302. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 0-7923-2346-7 J9 ASTROPHYS SPACE SC L PY 1993 VL 184 BP 257 EP 266 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BZ63Z UT WOS:A1993BZ63Z00029 ER PT B AU GUDEL, M BOOKBINDER, JA SCHMITT, JHMM FLEMING, TA AF GUDEL, M BOOKBINDER, JA SCHMITT, JHMM FLEMING, TA BE Linsky, JF Serio, S TI CORRELATION BETWEEN RADIO AND X-RAY LUMINOSITIES AMONG LATE-TYPE STARS - A ROSAT-VLA SURVEY OF M-DWARFS SO PHYSICS OF SOLAR AND STELLAR CORONAE: G.S VAIANA MEMORIAL SYMPOSIUM SE ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE LIBRARY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT G S Vaiana Memorial Symposium on Physics of Solar and Stellar Coronae CY JUN 22-26, 1992 CL PALERMO, ITALY SP INT ASTRON UNION DE STARS, X-RAY RADIATION; STARS, RADIO RADIATION; STARS, CORONAE C1 UNIV COLORADO,NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,JOINT INST LAB ASTROPHYS,BOULDER,CO 80302. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 0-7923-2346-7 J9 ASTROPHYS SPACE SC L PY 1993 VL 184 BP 383 EP 386 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BZ63Z UT WOS:A1993BZ63Z00054 ER PT J AU MILLWARD, GH QUEGAN, S MOFFETT, RJ FULLERROWELL, TJ REES, D AF MILLWARD, GH QUEGAN, S MOFFETT, RJ FULLERROWELL, TJ REES, D TI A MODELING STUDY OF THE COUPLED IONOSPHERIC AND THERMOSPHERIC RESPONSE TO AN ENHANCED HIGH-LATITUDE ELECTRIC-FIELD EVENT SO PLANETARY AND SPACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC GRAVITY-WAVES; AURORAL-ZONE; F-REGION; EISCAT OBSERVATIONS; PLASMA VELOCITY; PROPAGATION; ALTITUDE; TROUGH; BURSTS; SPIKE AB A modelling study of the effect of a short-lived, localized enhancement in the high-latitude dawn-side convection electric field has been made using the Sheffield/UCL/SEL (Boulder) coupled ionosphere/thermosphere model. The conditions imposed on the model are intended to represent a single fluctuation of the type often observed in this region and thought to be responsible for a number of dynamic effects in both the ionosphere and thermosphere. Results from the simulation show frictional heating of both ions and neutrals producing an expansion of the atmosphere. The ionospheric expansion, when combined with greatly enhanced chemical reaction rates, leads quickly to the establishment of an ionospheric trough accompanied by significant increases in the proportions of the molecular ions NO+ and O2+. The initial expansion of the atmosphere is followed by a subsequent relaxation, leading to the formation of a large-scale gravity wave which propagates equatorwards and polewards from the event region. The dynamics of the complete coupled system during the event are studied, with particular attention to coupling and feedback processes. C1 UNIV COLORADO, NOAA, COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI, SPACE ENVIRONM LAB, BOULDER, CO 80303 USA. UCL, ATMOSPHER PHYS LAB, LONDON W1P 7PP, ENGLAND. RP UNIV SHEFFIELD, DEPT APPL & COMPUTAT MATH, POB 597, SHEFFIELD S10 2UN, ENGLAND. NR 31 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0032-0633 J9 PLANET SPACE SCI JI Planet Space Sci. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 41 IS 1 BP 45 EP 56 DI 10.1016/0032-0633(93)90016-U PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA KX393 UT WOS:A1993KX39300007 ER PT J AU WU, WL JONG, L AF WU, WL JONG, L TI LINEAR-CHAINS IN NETWORKS WITH MONODISPERSE MOLECULAR-WEIGHT SUBCHAINS SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE POLYTETRAHYDROFURAN; NETWORK; END-LINKING; PHASE SEPARATION; CHAIN CONTRACTION ID ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING; POLYMER; POLYSTYRENE; COPOLYMERS; BLENDS AB Monodisperse linear polytetrahydrofuran (PTHF) chains with unreactive end groups were mixed with PTHF chains with reactive ends. The concentration of the linear unreactive chains was dilute, approximately 3 wt%. The phase behaviour as well as the single chain conformation of the unreactive chains was investigated after the reactive chains were end-linked via either a tetrafunctional crosslinker or a free radical polyaddition reaction. The results were found to depend strongly on the difference in the molecular weights between the reactive chains and the unattached linear chains. C1 POLYTECH INST NEW YORK,POLYMER RES INST,BROOKLYN,NY 11201. RP WU, WL (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV POLYMERS,MAT SCI & ENGN LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PY 1993 VL 34 IS 11 BP 2357 EP 2362 DI 10.1016/0032-3861(93)90820-Z PG 6 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA LE557 UT WOS:A1993LE55700018 ER PT J AU LOMAKIN, SM BROWN, JE BREESE, RS NYDEN, MR AF LOMAKIN, SM BROWN, JE BREESE, RS NYDEN, MR TI AN INVESTIGATION OF THE THERMAL-STABILITY AND CHAR-FORMING TENDENCY OF CROSS-LINKED POLY(METHYL METHACRYLATE) SO POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY LA English DT Article ID DEGRADATION; POLYMER AB The thermal degradation of two network copolymers of methyl methacrylate was studied as a function of the chemical nature of the cross-linking agent and the frequency of cross-links. Unlike the linear homopolymer, both the trimethylolpropane triacrlylate and trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate networks were found to char when burned. The corresponding derivative thermograms indicate that there are dramatic differences in the thermal degradation of these polymers even in the absence of oxygen. These differences are interpreted in terms of a simple model for the kinetics of depolymerization. C1 NBS,BLDG & FIRE RES LAB,TECHNOL ADM,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 22 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0141-3910 J9 POLYM DEGRAD STABIL JI Polym. Degrad. Stabil. PY 1993 VL 41 IS 2 BP 229 EP 243 DI 10.1016/0141-3910(93)90048-N PG 15 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA LJ583 UT WOS:A1993LJ58300014 ER PT J AU SHUTO, K OISHI, Y KAJIYAMA, T HAN, CC AF SHUTO, K OISHI, Y KAJIYAMA, T HAN, CC TI PREPARATION OF 2-DIMENSIONAL ULTRA THIN POLYSTYRENE FILM BY WATER CASTING METHOD SO POLYMER JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ULTRA THIN POLYMER FILM; WATER CASTING METHOD; POLYSTYRENE; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; SMALL ANGLE X-RAY SCATTERING; TAGGED-POLYMER METHOD; SMALL ANGLE NEUTRON SCATTERING; RADIUS OF GYRATION ID 2 PLATES; POLYMER AB The preparation condition of polystyrene (PS) ultra thin film by a water casting method was investigated on the basis of transmission electron microscopic (TEM) observations. Homogeneous ultra thin films were prepared from a 0.2-2.0wt% cyclohexanone solution of PS owing to moderate spreadability of the solution on the water surface. The spreading state of the solution on the water surface depending on the dissipation speed of solvent and entanglements among PS chains were in strong relation to formation of the homogeneous ultra thin film. X-Ray interference measurements revealed that the thickness of the ultra thin film was smaller than the dimension of an unperturbed PS chain. Such thinner film than the dimension of the unperturbed chain was defined as 2-dimensional ultra thin film in order to distinguish from 3-dimensional solid film. The radius of gyration of a polymer chain in the 2-dimensional ultra thin film was evaluated from small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and small angle neutron scattering (SANS) measurements. PS chains in the 2-dimensional ultra thin film expanded along the direction parallel to the film surface. C1 KYUSHU UNIV,FAC ENGN,DEPT CHEM SCI & TECHNOL,6-10-1 HAKOZAKI,HIGASHI KU,FUKUOKA 812,JAPAN. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV POLYMERS,POLYMER BLENDS & SOLUT GRP,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 19 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 11 PU SOC POLYMER SCIENCE JAPAN PI TOKYO PA TSUKIJI DAISAN NAGAOKA BLDG, 2-4-2 TSUKIJI, CHUO-KU, TOKYO 104, JAPAN SN 0032-3896 J9 POLYM J JI Polym. J. PY 1993 VL 25 IS 3 BP 291 EP 300 DI 10.1295/polymj.25.291 PG 10 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA KT532 UT WOS:A1993KT53200008 ER PT J AU PHILLIPS, SD BORCHARDT, B DOIRON, T HENRY, J AF PHILLIPS, SD BORCHARDT, B DOIRON, T HENRY, J TI PROPERTIES OF FREESTANDING BALL BAR SYSTEMS SO PRECISION ENGINEERING-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR PRECISION ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE FREESTANDING BALL BAR; COORDINATE-MEASURING MACHINE AB This article offers recommendations to coordinate-measuring machine (CMM) buyers, sellers, and users on the design of free-standing ball bar systems used to evaluate the volumetric performance of CMMs according to the ANSI/ASME B89.1.12M standard. These systems are more widely used today than earlier methods such as magnetic ball bars. In this article we study the general design requirements, mechanical deformations under gravity and probing forces, vibrational considerations, and thermal effects on free-standing ball bar systems. We conclude with a summary of the issues in ball bar design, which must be considered in order to maintain an artifact error budget of approximately 1 mum. RP PHILLIPS, SD (reprint author), NIST,DIV PRECIS ENGN,BLDG 220,ROOM A107,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN PI WOBURN PA 225 WILDWOOD AVE #UNITB PO BOX 4500, WOBURN, MA 01801-2084 SN 0141-6359 J9 PRECIS ENG JI Precis. Eng.-J. Am. Soc. Precis. Eng. PD JAN PY 1993 VL 15 IS 1 BP 16 EP 24 DI 10.1016/0141-6359(93)90274-E PG 9 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Manufacturing; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments & Instrumentation GA KK109 UT WOS:A1993KK10900002 ER PT B AU DRULLINGER, RE LOWE, JP GLAZE, DJ SHIRLEY, J AF DRULLINGER, RE LOWE, JP GLAZE, DJ SHIRLEY, J GP IEEE TI NIST-7, THE NEW UNITED-STATES PRIMARY FREQUENCY STANDARD SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1993 IEEE INTERNATIONAL FREQUENCY CONTROL SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1993 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (the 47th Annual Symposium) CY JUN 02-04, 1993 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UT SP IEEE, ULTRASPM FERROELECT & FREQUENCY CONTROL SOC C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV TIME & FREQUENCY,BOULDER,CO. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-0905-7 PY 1993 BP 71 EP 74 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BZ86X UT WOS:A1993BZ86X00009 ER PT B AU SZEKELY, C WALLS, FL LOWE, JP DRULLINGER, RE NOVICK, A AF SZEKELY, C WALLS, FL LOWE, JP DRULLINGER, RE NOVICK, A GP IEEE TI REDUCING THE EFFECT OF LOCAL OSCILLATOR PHASE NOISE ON THE FREQUENCY STABILITY OF PASSIVE FREQUENCY STANDARDS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1993 IEEE INTERNATIONAL FREQUENCY CONTROL SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1993 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (the 47th Annual Symposium) CY JUN 02-04, 1993 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UT SP IEEE, ULTRASPM FERROELECT & FREQUENCY CONTROL SOC C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV TIME & FREQUENCY,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-0905-7 PY 1993 BP 81 EP 86 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BZ86X UT WOS:A1993BZ86X00011 ER PT B AU WALLS, FL AF WALLS, FL GP IEEE TI REDUCING ERRORS, COMPLEXITY, AND MEASUREMENT TIME OF PM NOISE MEASUREMENTS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1993 IEEE INTERNATIONAL FREQUENCY CONTROL SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1993 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (the 47th Annual Symposium) CY JUN 02-04, 1993 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UT SP IEEE, ULTRASPM FERROELECT & FREQUENCY CONTROL SOC C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-0905-7 PY 1993 BP 289 EP 297 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BZ86X UT WOS:A1993BZ86X00039 ER PT B AU NELSON, LM NELSON, CW WALLS, FL AF NELSON, LM NELSON, CW WALLS, FL GP IEEE TI RELATIONSHIP OF AM TO PM NOISE IN SELECTED RF OSCILLATORS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1993 IEEE INTERNATIONAL FREQUENCY CONTROL SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1993 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (the 47th Annual Symposium) CY JUN 02-04, 1993 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UT SP IEEE, ULTRASPM FERROELECT & FREQUENCY CONTROL SOC C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV TIME & FREQUENCY,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-0905-7 PY 1993 BP 298 EP 302 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BZ86X UT WOS:A1993BZ86X00040 ER PT B AU ASCARRUNZ, FG FERRE, ES WALLS, FL AF ASCARRUNZ, FG FERRE, ES WALLS, FL GP IEEE TI INVESTIGATIONS OF AM AND PM NOISE IN X-BAND DEVICES SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1993 IEEE INTERNATIONAL FREQUENCY CONTROL SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1993 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (the 47th Annual Symposium) CY JUN 02-04, 1993 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UT SP IEEE, ULTRASPM FERROELECT & FREQUENCY CONTROL SOC C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-0905-7 PY 1993 BP 303 EP 311 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BZ86X UT WOS:A1993BZ86X00041 ER PT B AU LEPEK, A WALLS, FL AF LEPEK, A WALLS, FL GP IEEE TI CROSS-CORRELATION ANALYSIS IMPROVES TIME-DOMAIN MEASUREMENTS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1993 IEEE INTERNATIONAL FREQUENCY CONTROL SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1993 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (the 47th Annual Symposium) CY JUN 02-04, 1993 CL SALT LAKE CITY, UT SP IEEE, ULTRASPM FERROELECT & FREQUENCY CONTROL SOC C1 NATL INST & STAND & TECHNOL,DIV TIME & FREQUENCY,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-0905-7 PY 1993 BP 312 EP 320 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BZ86X UT WOS:A1993BZ86X00042 ER PT B AU ALBUS, JS AF ALBUS, JS GP IEEE IEEE IEEE TI TASK DECOMPOSITION SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1993 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON INTELLIGENT CONTROL LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1993 IEEE International Symposium on Intelligent Control CY AUG 25-27, 1993 CL CHICAGO, IL SP IEEE, CONTROL SYST SOC C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, DIV ROBOT SYST, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-1206-6 PY 1993 BP 49 EP 51 DI 10.1109/ISIC.1993.397725 PG 3 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering GA BZ54S UT WOS:A1993BZ54S00009 ER PT B AU QUINTERO, R BARBERA, AJ AF QUINTERO, R BARBERA, AJ GP IEEE IEEE IEEE TI A SOFTWARE TEMPLATE APPROACH TO BUILDING COMPLEX LARGE-SCALE INTELLIGENT CONTROL-SYSTEMS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1993 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON INTELLIGENT CONTROL LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1993 IEEE International Symposium on Intelligent Control CY AUG 25-27, 1993 CL CHICAGO, IL SP IEEE, CONTROL SYST SOC C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, DIV ROBOT SYST, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-1206-6 PY 1993 BP 58 EP 63 DI 10.1109/ISIC.1993.397723 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering GA BZ54S UT WOS:A1993BZ54S00011 ER PT B AU HORST, JA BARBERA, AJ AF HORST, JA BARBERA, AJ GP IEEE IEEE IEEE TI COAL EXTRACTION USING RCS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1993 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON INTELLIGENT CONTROL LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1993 IEEE International Symposium on Intelligent Control CY AUG 25-27, 1993 CL CHICAGO, IL SP IEEE, CONTROL SYST SOC C1 US DEPT COMMERCE, NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, DIV ROBOT SYST, WASHINGTON, DC 20230 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-1206-6 PY 1993 BP 207 EP 212 DI 10.1109/ISIC.1993.397712 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering GA BZ54S UT WOS:A1993BZ54S00036 ER PT B AU HUANG, HM HIRA, R QUINTERO, R AF HUANG, HM HIRA, R QUINTERO, R GP IEEE IEEE IEEE TI A SUBMARINE MANEUVERING SYSTEM DEMONSTRATION BASED ON THE NIST REAL-TIME CONTROL-SYSTEM REFERENCE MODEL SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1993 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON INTELLIGENT CONTROL LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1993 IEEE International Symposium on Intelligent Control CY AUG 25-27, 1993 CL CHICAGO, IL SP IEEE, CONTROL SYST SOC C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, DIV ROBOT SYST, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 0-7803-1206-6 PY 1993 BP 376 EP 381 DI 10.1109/ISIC.1993.397684 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering GA BZ54S UT WOS:A1993BZ54S00064 ER PT S AU SNELICK, R JAJA, J KACKER, R LYON, G AF SNELICK, R JAJA, J KACKER, R LYON, G BE Choudhary, AN Berra, PB TI USING SYNTHETIC-PERTURBATION TECHNIQUES FOR TUNING SHARED-MEMORY PROGRAMS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1993 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PARALLEL PROCESSING, VOL II: SOFTWARE SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PARALLEL PROCESSING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1993 International Conference on Parallel Processing CY AUG 16-20, 1993 CL SYRACUSE UNIV, SYRACUSE, NY SP PENN STATE UNIV HO SYRACUSE UNIV C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS INC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 SN 0190-3918 BN 0-8493-8985-2 J9 PROC INT CONF PARAL PY 1993 BP 2 EP 10 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BA34N UT WOS:A1993BA34N00001 ER PT B AU READ, DT DALLY, JW AF READ, DT DALLY, JW GP SOC EXPTL MECH TI ELECTRON-BEAM MOIRE STUDY OF FRACTURE OF A GFRP COMPOSITE SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1993 SEM 50TH ANNIVERSARY SPRING CONFERENCE ON EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1993 SEM 50 Anniversary Spring Conference on Experimental Mechanics CY JUN 07-09, 1993 CL DEARBORN, MI SP SOC EXPTL MECH, SLOVENE SOC EXPTL MECH C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV MAT RELIABIL,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS INC PI BETHEL PA 7 SCHOOL ST, BETHEL, CT 06801 BN 0-912053-43-7 PY 1993 BP 320 EP 329 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA BA19T UT WOS:A1993BA19T00032 ER PT B AU READ, DT DALLY, JW AF READ, DT DALLY, JW GP SOC EXPTL MECH TI THEORY OF ELECTRON-BEAM MOIRE SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1993 SEM 50TH ANNIVERSARY SPRING CONFERENCE ON EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1993 SEM 50 Anniversary Spring Conference on Experimental Mechanics CY JUN 07-09, 1993 CL DEARBORN, MI SP SOC EXPTL MECH, SLOVENE SOC EXPTL MECH C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV MAT RELIAB,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS INC PI BETHEL PA 7 SCHOOL ST, BETHEL, CT 06801 BN 0-912053-43-7 PY 1993 BP 636 EP 645 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA BA19T UT WOS:A1993BA19T00068 ER PT J AU Hardy, RW AF Hardy, RW BE Hunt, C TI Alternate protein sources for salmon and trout diets SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 28TH ANNUAL PACIFIC NORTHWEST ANIMAL NUTRITION CONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 28th Pacific Northwest Animal Nutrition Conference CY OCT 26-28, 1993 CL BOISE, ID SP Univ Idaho, Idaho Feed & Grain Assoc, Oregon State Univ, Oregon Feed & Grain Assoc, Washington State Univ, Pacific NW Grain & Feed Assoc, Univ Brit Columbia, Brit Columbia Feed Ind Assoc, Alltech Inc, Hoffmann LaRoche Inc, J R Simplot Co, Kemin Ind, Pitman Moore Co, Zinpro Corp, Heart Land Lysine, Chicago, Ill RP Hardy, RW (reprint author), NOAA,NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERV,NW FISHERIES SCI CTR,2725 MONTLAKE BLVD W,SEATTLE,WA 98112, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PACIFIC NORTHWEST ANIMAL NUTRITION CONFERENCE PI PORTLAND PA 1725 NW 24TH AVE, PORTLAND, OR 97210 PY 1993 BP 161 EP 173 PG 13 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA BH04B UT WOS:A1993BH04B00012 ER PT B AU BLACKBURN, DL AF BLACKBURN, DL GP IEEE TI STATUS AND TRENDS IN POWER SEMICONDUCTOR-DEVICES SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE IECON 93 - INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS, CONTROL, AND INSTRUMENTATION, VOLS 1-3: VOL 1: PLENARY SESSION, EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES AND FACTORY AUTOMATION; VOL 2: POWER ELECTRONICS; VOL 3: ROBOTICS, VISION, AND SENSORS: AND SIGNAL PROCESSING AND CONTROL LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th Annual International Conference on Industrial Electronics, Control and Instrumentation (IECON 93) CY NOV 15-18, 1993 CL MAUI, HI SP IEEE, IND ELECTR SOC, SOC INSTRUMENT & CONTROL ENGINEERS JAPAN C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU I E E E PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 BN 0-7803-0891-3 PY 1993 BP 619 EP 625 DI 10.1109/IECON.1993.339117 PG 7 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA BA03M UT WOS:A1993BA03M00112 ER PT B AU BENDERSKY, LA BOETTINGER, WJ ROYTBURD, AL AF BENDERSKY, LA BOETTINGER, WJ ROYTBURD, AL BE Wayman, CM Perkins, J TI CRYSTALLOGRAPHY OF HIERARCHICAL STRUCTURES OF (TI,NB)3AL ALLOYS INVOLVING BOTH DISPLACIVE AND CHEMICAL ORDERING SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MARTENSITIC TRANSFORMATIONS (ICOMAT-92) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Martensitic Transformations (ICOMAT-92) CY JUL 20-24, 1992 CL MONTEREY, CA SP MONTEREY INST ADV STUDIES C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV MET,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MONTEREY INST ADVANCED STUDIES PI CARMEL PA PO BOX 4427, CARMEL, CA 93921 PY 1993 BP 245 EP 250 PG 6 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA BD05K UT WOS:A1993BD05K00036 ER PT J AU WATERSTRAT, RM BENDERSKY, LA KUENTZLER, R AF WATERSTRAT, RM BENDERSKY, LA KUENTZLER, R BE Wayman, CM Perkins, J TI DEFORMATION TWINS AND MARTENSITE IN DUCTILE B2 ALLOYS OF THE ZR(RUPD) SYSTEM SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MARTENSITIC TRANSFORMATIONS (ICOMAT-92) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Martensitic Transformations (ICOMAT-92) CY JUL 20-24, 1992 CL MONTEREY, CA SP MONTEREY INST ADV STUDIES C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,AMER DENT ASSOC HLTH FDN,PAFFENBARGER RES CTR,DIV POLYMERS,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU MONTEREY INST ADVANCED STUDIES PI CARMEL PA PO BOX 4427, CARMEL, CA 93921 PY 1993 BP 545 EP 550 PG 6 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA BD05K UT WOS:A1993BD05K00085 ER PT S AU LEVIN, JC SELLIN, IA BERRAH, N LINDLE, DW MILLER, RD AZUMA, Y JOHNSON, BM BERRY, HG AF LEVIN, JC SELLIN, IA BERRAH, N LINDLE, DW MILLER, RD AZUMA, Y JOHNSON, BM BERRY, HG BE Becker, U Heinzmann, U TI PHOTOIONIZATION OF HELIUM OVER EXTENDED ENERGY RANGES SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON PHOTOIONIZATION 1992 SE STUDIES OF VACUUM ULTRAVIOLET AND X-RAY PROCESSES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Workshop on Photoionization 1992 (IWP92) CY AUG 24-28, 1992 CL BERLIN, GERMANY SP MAX PLANCK SOC, DEUT FORSCHUNGSGEMEINSCH, COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, SENATE BERLIN, DEPT SCI & RES, FRITZ HABER INST, LEYBOLD AG, CANBERRA PACKARD GMBH C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU A M S PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 56 E 13TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10003 SN 1065-7665 BN 0-404-69951-0 J9 ST VAC ULTRAV XRAY P PY 1993 VL 1 BP 141 EP 144 PG 4 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Physics GA BB21A UT WOS:A1993BB21A00037 ER PT J AU WALTON, WD EVANS, DD MCGRATTAN, KB BAUM, HR TWILLEY, WH MADRZYKOWSKI, D PUTORTI, AD REHM, RG KOSEKI, H TENNYSON, EJ AF WALTON, WD EVANS, DD MCGRATTAN, KB BAUM, HR TWILLEY, WH MADRZYKOWSKI, D PUTORTI, AD REHM, RG KOSEKI, H TENNYSON, EJ GP ENVIRONMENT CANADA TI IN-SITU BURING OF OIL-SPILLS - MESOSCALE EXPERIMENTS AND ANALYSIS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SIXTEENTH ARCTIC AND MARINE OIL SPILL PROGRAM ( AMOP ) TECHNICAL SEMINAR, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 16th Arctic and Marine Oil Spill Program (AMOP) Technical Seminar CY JUN 07-09, 1993 CL CALGARY, CANADA SP ENVIRONM CANADA, ENVIRONM PROTECT CONSERVAT & PROTECT, TECHNOL DEV BRANCH C1 NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU ENVIRONMENT CANADA PI OTTAWA PA OTTAWA ON K1A OH3, CANADA PY 1993 BP 679 EP 734 PG 56 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Oceanography SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Oceanography GA BZ56S UT WOS:A1993BZ56S00047 ER PT B AU BARRY, RG ARMSTRONG, RL KRENKE, AN AF BARRY, RG ARMSTRONG, RL KRENKE, AN BE Ferrick, M Pangburn, T TI AN APPROACH TO ASSESSING CHANGES IN SNOW COVER - AN EXAMPLE FOR THE FORMER SOVIET-UNION SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SIXTY-FIRST ANNUAL WESTERN SNOW CONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 61st Annual Western Snow Conference/50th Annual Eastern Snow Conference CY JUN 08-10, 1993 CL QUEBEC CITY, CANADA C1 UNIV COLORADO,NOAA,COOPERAT INST RES ENVIRONM SCI,DIV CRYOSPHER & POLAR PROC,BOULDER,CO 80309. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU 61ST WESTERN SNOW CONFERENCE PI QUEBEC PA QUEBEC QUEBEC, CANADA PY 1993 BP 25 EP 33 PG 9 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA BA96Z UT WOS:A1993BA96Z00004 ER PT B AU MCMANAMON, A SZELIGA, TL HARTMAN, RK DAY, GN CARROLL, TR AF MCMANAMON, A SZELIGA, TL HARTMAN, RK DAY, GN CARROLL, TR BE Ferrick, M Pangburn, T TI GRIDDED SNOW WATER EQUIVALENT ESTIMATION USING GROUND-BASED AND AIRBORNE SNOW DATA SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SIXTY-FIRST ANNUAL WESTERN SNOW CONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 61st Annual Western Snow Conference/50th Annual Eastern Snow Conference CY JUN 08-10, 1993 CL QUEBEC CITY, CANADA C1 NOAA,NATL WEATHER SERV,OFF HYDROL,HYDROL RES LAB,SILVER SPRING,MD 20910. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU 61ST WESTERN SNOW CONFERENCE PI QUEBEC PA QUEBEC QUEBEC, CANADA PY 1993 BP 75 EP 81 PG 7 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA BA96Z UT WOS:A1993BA96Z00010 ER PT B AU NORTON, DC BOLSENGA, SJ BADARCH, M AF NORTON, DC BOLSENGA, SJ BADARCH, M BE Ferrick, M Pangburn, T TI SNOW DEPTH MAPPING IN MONGOLIA SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SIXTY-FIRST ANNUAL WESTERN SNOW CONFERENCE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 61st Annual Western Snow Conference/50th Annual Eastern Snow Conference CY JUN 08-10, 1993 CL QUEBEC CITY, CANADA C1 GREAT LAKES ENVIRONM RES LAB,ANN ARBOR,MI 48105. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU 61ST WESTERN SNOW CONFERENCE PI QUEBEC PA QUEBEC QUEBEC, CANADA PY 1993 BP 381 EP 387 PG 7 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA BA96Z UT WOS:A1993BA96Z00047 ER PT J AU HASTINGS, DA DI, LP AF HASTINGS, DA DI, LP GP CONSORTIUM INT EARTH SCI INFORMAT NETWORK TI ENHANCED GLOBAL CHANGE MODELING WITH GIS - IMPROVING DATA QUALITY AND GIS FUNCTIONALITY SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TWENTY-FIFTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON REMOTE SENSING AND GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE: TOOLS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, VOLS I AND II LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 25th International Symposium on Remote Sensing and Global Environmental Change: Tools for Sustainable Development CY APR 04-08, 1993 CL GRAZ, AUSTRIA SP CONSORTIUM INT EARTH SCI INFORMAT NETWORK, ENVIRONM RES INST MICHIGAN, JOANNEUM RES, GRAZER CONGRESS CTR, NASA, TELESPAZIO S P A C1 NOAA,NATL GEOPHYS DATA CTR EGC1,BOULDER,CO 80303. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INST MICHIGAN PI ANN ARBOR PA PO BOX 134001, ANN ARBOR, MI 48113-4001 PY 1993 BP A693 EP A704 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BA32L UT WOS:A1993BA32L00067 ER PT J AU LAURITSON, L HOWARD, BA AF LAURITSON, L HOWARD, BA GP CONSORTIUM INT EARTH SCI INFORMAT NETWORK TI THE ROLE OF THE COMMITTEE ON EARTH OBSERVATIONS SATELLITES (CEOS) WORKING GROUP ON DATA (WGD) IN THE COORDINATION OF INTERNATIONAL REMOTE-SENSING ACTIVITIES SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TWENTY-FIFTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON REMOTE SENSING AND GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE: TOOLS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, VOLS I AND II LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 25th International Symposium on Remote Sensing and Global Environmental Change: Tools for Sustainable Development CY APR 04-08, 1993 CL GRAZ, AUSTRIA SP CONSORTIUM INT EARTH SCI INFORMAT NETWORK, ENVIRONM RES INST MICHIGAN, JOANNEUM RES, GRAZER CONGRESS CTR, NASA, TELESPAZIO S P A C1 NOAA,CEOS WORKING GRP DATA,WASHINGTON,DC 20230. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INST MICHIGAN PI ANN ARBOR PA PO BOX 134001, ANN ARBOR, MI 48113-4001 PY 1993 BP A429 EP A439 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BA32L UT WOS:A1993BA32L00042 ER PT J AU THIAO, W SCOFIELD, RA ROBINSON, J AF THIAO, W SCOFIELD, RA ROBINSON, J GP CONSORTIUM INT EARTH SCI INFORMAT NETWORK TI USE OF WATER-VAPOR IMAGERY TO MONITOR FLASH FLOODING OVER THE USA SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE TWENTY-FIFTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON REMOTE SENSING AND GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE: TOOLS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, VOLS I AND II LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 25th International Symposium on Remote Sensing and Global Environmental Change: Tools for Sustainable Development CY APR 04-08, 1993 CL GRAZ, AUSTRIA SP CONSORTIUM INT EARTH SCI INFORMAT NETWORK, ENVIRONM RES INST MICHIGAN, JOANNEUM RES, GRAZER CONGRESS CTR, NASA, TELESPAZIO S P A C1 NOAA,NESDIS,SATELLITE APPLICAT LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20233. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INST MICHIGAN PI ANN ARBOR PA PO BOX 134001, ANN ARBOR, MI 48113-4001 PY 1993 BP B701 EP B712 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BA32L UT WOS:A1993BA32L00149 ER PT J AU MCCREARY, JP KUNDU, PK MOLINARI, RL AF MCCREARY, JP KUNDU, PK MOLINARI, RL TI A NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF DYNAMICS, THERMODYNAMICS AND MIXED-LAYER PROCESSES IN THE INDIAN-OCEAN SO PROGRESS IN OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Review ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; BOUNDARY CURRENTS EAST; SOMALI CURRENT SYSTEM; SOUTHWEST MONSOON; ARABIAN SEA; WEST-COAST; NORTHEAST MONSOON; LEEUWIN CURRENT; WORLD OCEAN; FLOW AB A 2 1/2-layer, thermodynamic numerical model is used to study the dynamics, thermodynamics and mixed-layer physics of Indian Ocean circulation. A surface mixed layer of temperature T(m) is imbedded in the upper layer of the model, and entrainment and detrainment in the mixed layer are determined by wind stirring and surface cooling. There is also detrainment w(d) through the base of the upper layer that models subduction. Monthly climatological data, including air temperature T(a) and specific humidity q(a), are used to force the model, and model sea surface temperature (SST), T(m), is used to determine the sensible and latent heat fluxes. With a few notable exceptions, our main-run solution compares well with observed current and SST data; this is particularly true for T(m), which typically differs from observed SST by less than 0.5-1.0-degrees-C. Our analyses focus on three topics: the relative importance of remote versus local forcing, the thermodynamic processes that determine the model SST field, and the development of meridional circulation cells. There are a number of examples of remotely forced circulations in our main run. During the spring a northeastward countercurrent flows against the prevailing winds along the Somali coast north of 4-degrees-N, and from October through February a southwestward Somali Undercurrent is present from the tip of Somalia to 3-degrees-N; both of these flows result in part from forcing during the previous Southwest Monsoon. From March through May there is another southwestward Somali Undercurrent south of 7-degrees-N, generated primarily by the propagation of a Rossby wave from the west coast of India. The currents along the west coast of India are either strongly influenced or dominated by remote forcing from the Bay of Bengal throughout the year. A northeastward flow is well established along the east coast of India in March, long before the onset of the Southwest Monsoon; it is remotely forced either by upwelling-favorable, alongshore winds elsewhere within the Bay of Bengal or by negative wind curl in the western Bay. Finally, the Agulhas Current is strengthened considerably in a solution that includes throughflow from the Pacific Ocean. To investigate the relative importance of thermodynamic processes, we carried out a series of test calculations with various terms dropped from the T(m)-equation. There is little effect on T(m) when the sensible heat flux is set to zero, or when the solar radiation field is replaced by a spatially smoothed version. When temperature advection is deleted, T(m) is most strongly affected near western boundaries since isotherms are no longer shifted there by the swift currents; the annual-mean, surface-heat-flux field QBAR is also changed, with QBAR becoming more positive (negative) to compensate for the absence of warm (cold) currents. Without entrainment cooling, T(m) never cools during the summer in the intense upwelling regions in the northern ocean, and the annual-mean heat gain through the ocean surface (the area integral of QBAR over the basin) reverses to become a net heat loss. In individual tests without entrainment cooling, with T(a)=T(m), and with q(a) set to 80% of its saturated value q(s), model SST warms near the northern and southern boundaries during their respective winters by about 1-degrees-C, indicating that several processes contribute to wintertime cooling. The T(m) field degrades considerably in a single test run with both T=T and q(a)=0.8q(s), so that one or the other of these external forcing fields is required to be able to simulate SST accurately. The annual-mean circulation has two meridional circulation cells. In the Tropical Cell, water subducts in the southern ocean, flows equatorward in the lower layer of the western-boundary current, and is entrained back into the upper layer in the open-ocean upwelling regions in the southern ocean. In the Cross-Equatorial Cell, the subducted water crosses the equator near the western boundary, where it is entrained in the regions of intense coastal upwelling in the northern ocean. The strength of the cells is directly related to the assumed magnitude of the subduction rate w(d), but their structure is not sensitive to the particular parameterization of w(d) used. C1 ATLANTIC OCEANOG & METEOROL LAB,MIAMI,FL 33149. RP MCCREARY, JP (reprint author), NOVA UNIV,CTR OCEANOG,8000 N OCEAN DR,DANIA,FL 33004, USA. NR 81 TC 392 Z9 403 U1 2 U2 39 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0079-6611 J9 PROG OCEANOGR JI Prog. Oceanogr. PY 1993 VL 31 IS 3 BP 181 EP 244 DI 10.1016/0079-6611(93)90002-U PG 64 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA LZ780 UT WOS:A1993LZ78000001 ER PT J AU LEVITUS, S CONKRIGHT, ME REID, JL NAJJAR, RG MANTYLA, A AF LEVITUS, S CONKRIGHT, ME REID, JL NAJJAR, RG MANTYLA, A TI DISTRIBUTION OF NITRATE, PHOSPHATE AND SILICATE IN THE WORLD OCEANS SO PROGRESS IN OCEANOGRAPHY LA English DT Review ID ATLANTIC-OCEAN; WATERS; ACID AB This study describes the global horizontal distributions of the plant nutrients phosphate, nitrate and silicic acid, with depth, on a one-degree latitude-longitude grid. The source of the data is a subset of the National Oceanographic Data Center. Nutrients in surface waters are enriched in upwelling and high latitude regions and are generally depleted at mid-latitudes. The depletion at mid-latitudes is associated with the subtropical anticyclonic gyre systems. With increasing depth, the nutrient content increases in the water column. At depths of more than 1000m, the nutrient distributions are associated with different water masses which have their own inherent characteristics. C1 PRINCETON UNIV,PROGRAM ATMOSPHER & OCEAN SCI,PRINCETON,NJ 08542. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,SCRIPPS INST OCEANOG,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. RP LEVITUS, S (reprint author), NOAA,NODC,1825 CONNECTICUT AVE,WASHINGTON,DC 20235, USA. NR 40 TC 146 Z9 149 U1 10 U2 39 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0079-6611 J9 PROG OCEANOGR JI Prog. Oceanogr. PY 1993 VL 31 IS 3 BP 245 EP 273 DI 10.1016/0079-6611(93)90003-V PG 29 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA LZ780 UT WOS:A1993LZ78000002 ER PT S AU PAL, BP AF PAL, BP BE Wolf, E TI GUIDED-WAVE OPTICS ON SILICON - PHYSICS, TECHNOLOGY AND STATUS SO PROGRESS IN OPTICS, VOL XXXII SE Progress in Optics LA English DT Review ID FLAME HYDROLYSIS DEPOSITION; SCATTERING LOSS REDUCTION; PLANAR LIGHTWAVE CIRCUIT; 1.6 MU-M; INTEGRATED-OPTICS; DIRECTIONAL COUPLER; SEMICONDUCTOR-LASER; SHORTER WAVELENGTH; CHANNEL WAVEGUIDES; SPECTRUM ANALYZER C1 INDIAN INST TECHNOL, DEPT PHYS, NEW DELHI 110016, INDIA. RP PAL, BP (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, DIV ELECTROMAGNET TECHNOL, 325 BROADWAY, BOULDER, CO 80303 USA. NR 173 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0079-6638 BN 0-444-81592-9 J9 PROG OPTICS JI Prog. Opt. PY 1993 VL 32 BP 3 EP 59 PG 57 WC Optics SC Optics GA BA26A UT WOS:A1993BA26A00001 ER PT S AU FAVREAU, JP AF FAVREAU, JP BE VonBochmann, G Dssouli, R Das, A TI INTEROPERABILITY TESTING PANEL MINUTES SO PROTOCOL TEST SYSTEMS, V SE IFIP TRANSACTIONS C-COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT IFIP TC6/WG6.1 5th Working Conference on Protocol Test systems CY SEP 28-30, 1992 CL MONTREAL, CANADA SP INT FEDERAT INFORMAT PROC, TECH COMM COMMUN SYST RP FAVREAU, JP (reprint author), NIST,COMP SYST LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBL B V PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-549X BN 0-444-89980-4 J9 IFIP TRANS C PY 1993 VL 11 BP 159 EP 160 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BA02Y UT WOS:A1993BA02Y00013 ER PT S AU TANG, D LIU, JS FAVREAU, JP AF TANG, D LIU, JS FAVREAU, JP BE VonBochmann, G Dssouli, R Das, A TI THE IS-IS MULTIPARTY CONFORMANCE TEST SYSTEM SO PROTOCOL TEST SYSTEMS, V SE IFIP TRANSACTIONS C-COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT IFIP TC6/WG6.1 5th Working Conference on Protocol Test systems CY SEP 28-30, 1992 CL MONTREAL, CANADA SP INT FEDERAT INFORMAT PROC, TECH COMM COMMUN SYST DE INTERMEDIATE-SYSTEM TO INTERMEDIATE-SYSTEM INTRA-DOMAIN ROUTING EXCHANGE PROTOCOL; MULTIPARTY TEST METHOD; CONFORMANCE TESTING AB Results from the design and implementation of a test system for the Open Systems Interconnection Intermediate-System to Intermediate-System Intra-Domain Routing Exchange protocol (IS-IS) are presented. The IS-IS protocol presents unique testing challenges since it does not include an upper interface; testing is also complicated by the protocol's use of concurrent associations. The test architecture is based on the Multi-Party Testing Methodology defined in the Conformance Testing Methodology and Framework of the International Standards Organization. The implementation strategy employs the Estelle formal description technique and Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1) tools developed by the Computer System Laboratory, An Estelle description of the routing protocol has been developed and augmented to support testing requirements. The Estelle tools are employed to generate C++ code and to implement the test system. Test cases are described using ASN.1. The ASN.1 tools are used to map the test directives into Estelle input events. The routing protocol prototype test system has been used successfully in tests with commercial products at the National Institute of Standards and Technology. C1 GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,SCH ENGN & APPL SCI,DEPT COMP SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20052. RP TANG, D (reprint author), NIST,COMP SYST LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBL B V PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-549X BN 0-444-89980-4 J9 IFIP TRANS C PY 1993 VL 11 BP 251 EP 262 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BA02Y UT WOS:A1993BA02Y00022 ER PT S AU CANTILLO, AY LAUENSTEIN, GG AF CANTILLO, AY LAUENSTEIN, GG BE Parkany, M TI PERFORMANCE-BASED QUALITY ASSURANCE OF THE NOAA NATIONAL STATUS AND TRENDS PROJECT SO QUALITY ASSURANCE FOR ANALYTICAL LABORATORIES SE ROYAL SOCIETY OF CHEMISTRY SPECIAL PUBLICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5TH INTERNATIONAL SYMP ON THE HARMONIZATION OF THE INTERNAL QUALITY ASSURANCE SCHEMES FOR ANALYTICAL LABORATORIES CY JUL 22-23, 1993 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP INT ORG STANDARDIZAT, INT ELECTROCHEM COMMISS RP CANTILLO, AY (reprint author), NOAA,NOS ORCA,N ORCA 21,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852, USA. NR 0 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA CAMBRIDGE SN 0260-6291 BN 0-85186-705-7 J9 ROY SOC CH PY 1993 VL 130 BP 34 EP 43 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA BZ09C UT WOS:A1993BZ09C00005 ER PT J AU RIND, D OVERPECK, J AF RIND, D OVERPECK, J TI HYPOTHESIZED CAUSES OF DECADE-TO-CENTURY-SCALE CLIMATE VARIABILITY - CLIMATE MODEL RESULTS SO QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS LA English DT Article ID NINO SOUTHERN OSCILLATION; OCEAN ATMOSPHERE MODEL; EL-NINO; NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE; SOLAR-CYCLE; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; STRATOSPHERIC AEROSOLS; IRRADIANCE VARIATIONS; VOLCANIC-ERUPTIONS; GLACIER VARIATIONS AB There are at least five hypothesized causes of decadal to century-scale climate variability, both 'natural' and anthropogenically-induced: (1) inherent ('random') variability in the atmosphere (i.e. no external forcing); (2) inherent or forced variability in the ocean dynamical system (e.g. North Atlantic Deep Water fluctuations); (3) solar variability (e.g. the Maunder Minimum); (4) variability in volcanic aerosol loading of the atmosphere (e.g. Tambora); and (5) atmospheric trace gas variability (e.g. CO2 methane). Modeling experiments conducted for each of these potential mechanisms show that they have different signatures in time and space which may allow for discrimination in the climate record. The effects of variations in ocean thermohaline circulation are likely to be largest in those regions adjacent to and downwind of areas of deepwater formation. Decreased insolation and large low latitude volcanic eruptions affect all latitudes, including changes in Hadley cell-dominated low-latitude systems. In contrast, trace-gas induced warming is likely to be amplified at high latitudes, although still containing a significant low latitude effect. Each of the hypothesized causes may have been important, and it is likely that several may have acted in concert to produce the observed climate record. During the Holocene, natural global mean decade-to-century-scale variability is likely to have been limited to 0.5 to 1.0-degrees-C, and to have been non-uniformly distributed over the globe. These natural sources of climate variability are thus unlikely to counter future greenhouse warning in any long-term way. C1 NOAA, NATL GEOPHYS DATA CTR, PALEOCLIMATE PROGRAM, BOULDER, CO 80303 USA. RP GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR, INST SPACE STUDIES, 2880 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10025 USA. NR 99 TC 149 Z9 154 U1 0 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0277-3791 J9 QUATERNARY SCI REV JI Quat. Sci. Rev. PY 1993 VL 12 IS 6 BP 357 EP 374 DI 10.1016/S0277-3791(05)80002-2 PG 18 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA NK629 UT WOS:A1993NK62900002 ER PT J AU ANDERSON, DM THUNELL, RC AF ANDERSON, DM THUNELL, RC TI THE OXYGEN-ISOTOPE COMPOSITION OF TROPICAL OCEAN SURFACE-WATER DURING THE LAST DEGLACIATION SO QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS LA English DT Article ID EVENT AB Evidence of abrupt climate change in each of the tropical oceans can be found in high-deposition rate sediments from the continental margins. New AMS C-14-dated sediments from the Arabian Sea reveal a two-step depletion of surface-ocean O-18/O-16 during the last deglaciation, with a return to more enriched values approximately 10.5 ka BP. The two-step depletion can be correlated among isotope records derived from foraminifer calcite in the Arabian Sea, the Gulf of Mexico, the Sulu Sea and Gulf of California, confirming the existence of the two-step depletion and deltaO-18-enriched event at 10.5 ka BP in at least three tropical sites outside the North Atlantic. To determine whether the isotopic enrichment at 10.5 ka BP was caused by local cooling of the surface ocean, we estimated sea surface temperatures over this interval using quantitative paleo-ecological techniques. There is no evidence for cooling in the Arabian Sea, Sulu Sea or Gulf of Mexico, consistent with the hypothesis that the enrichment at 10.5 ka BP is related to a change in the isotopic composition of the tropical surface ocean and not change in the temperature of calcification. We conclude that the cooling at higher latitudes that occurred at 10.5 ka BP did not extend southward to the tropical ocean. More cores from high-sedimentation rate sites in the tropics are needed to identify the cause and extent of the deltaO-18 signal, however these preliminary results are consistent with two meltwater pulses during the deglaciation that distributed isotopically depleted water into each of the tropical oceans, with a slow-down in meltwater flux at 10.5 ka BP. The most likely transport route for the isotopically depleted water from the melting northern hemisphere ice sheets to these isolated tropical ocean basins is via the relatively fast circulation of the atmosphere, although other pathways are possible. C1 UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT GEOL SCI,COLUMBIA,SC 29208. RP ANDERSON, DM (reprint author), NOAA,PALEOCLIMATOL PROGRAM,325 BROADWAY,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. RI anderson, david/E-6416-2011 NR 23 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0277-3791 J9 QUATERNARY SCI REV JI Quat. Sci. Rev. PY 1993 VL 12 IS 6 BP 465 EP 473 DI 10.1016/S0277-3791(05)80010-1 PG 9 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA NK629 UT WOS:A1993NK62900010 ER PT J AU MURRAY, D OVERPECK, J AF MURRAY, D OVERPECK, J TI DECADAL TO MILLENNIAL-SCALE VARIABILITY IN THE CLIMATE SYSTEM - FOREWORD SO QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 NOAA,PALEOCLIMATOL PROGRAM,BOULDER,CO 80303. RP MURRAY, D (reprint author), BROWN UNIV,DEPT GEOL SCI,PROVIDENCE,RI 02912, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0277-3791 J9 QUATERNARY SCI REV JI Quat. Sci. Rev. PY 1993 VL 12 IS 6 BP R5 EP R5 DI 10.1016/S0277-3791(05)80001-0 PG 1 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA NK629 UT WOS:A1993NK62900001 ER PT J AU MCLAUGHLIN, WL AF MCLAUGHLIN, WL TI DOSIMETRY - NEW APPROACHES SO RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE ALANINE/ESR; BEAM MAPPING; CALORIMETRY; DOSIMETRY; FILM DOSIMETERS; GAFCHROMIC FILMS; PARTICLE BEAMS; RADIATION DAMAGE MONITORING; RADIATION PROCESSING; RADIOCHROMIC FILMS; TELEMETERING DOSIMETRY ID RADIOCHROMIC FILM; GAMMA-RADIATION; ELECTRON-BEAMS; ALANINE; IRRADIATION; SYSTEM; RANGE AB Now and improved high-dose dosimetry systems and applications have been introduced for beam mapping, radiation damAge studies and processing applications. These include: Better reference and transfer standards; more accurate calorimeters; alanine (ESR analysis) with greater precision and wider doze ranges; several solid polymeric dosimeters, including new Nylon, GafChromic(TM), and other plastic films. The latter are commercially available in large quantities and are relatively inexpensive for use over the absorbed dose ranges encountered in radiation processing (10(1) - 10(5) Gy). Some are especially useful for dose monitoring in particle beams incident in heterogeneous absorbers and at interfaces where high-resolution, two- and three-dimensional imaging of dose distributions is required. Others are used for routine radiation damage detection, as visual indicators. RP NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL, DEPT COMMERCE, TECHNOL ADM, DIV IONIZING RADIAT, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. NR 56 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0969-806X J9 RADIAT PHYS CHEM JI Radiat. Phys. Chem. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 41 IS 1-2 BP 45 EP 56 DI 10.1016/0969-806X(93)90041-R PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA KC944 UT WOS:A1993KC94400007 ER PT J AU BANTA, RM OLIVIER, LD GUDIKSEN, PH AF BANTA, RM OLIVIER, LD GUDIKSEN, PH TI SAMPLING REQUIREMENTS FOR DRAINAGE FLOWS THAT TRANSPORT ATMOSPHERIC CONTAMINANTS IN COMPLEX TERRAIN SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY LA English DT Article AB In complex terrain organised flow features such as jets may be present and may affect the dispersion of atmospheric contaminants, but these features may evade sampling by atmospheric surface station networks. In the present study the NOAA/ERL Wave Propagation Laboratory Doppler lidar documented such a feature, a canyon drainage jet, that extended over the adjacent plains but escaped detected by a rather dense network of surface and upper air instruments. The spatial variability in this case was dominated by the jet, which had horizontal dimensions of 1-3 km and which reached maximum speeds almost-equal-to 600 m above the terrain. These features also varied significantly in time, with major changes in the structure of the jet occurring over time periods of 30-45 min. This implies that the observation-based wind field that would be used to determine real-time dispersion of atmospheric pollutants for emergency response would be in error without high resolution observations such as those rom the lidar. RP BANTA, RM (reprint author), NOAA,ERL,WAVE PROPAGAT LAB,R-E-WP2,325 BROADWAY,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. RI Darby, Lisa/A-8037-2009; Banta, Robert/B-8361-2008 OI Darby, Lisa/0000-0003-1271-0643; NR 0 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY PUBL PI ASHFORD PA PO BOX 7, ASHFORD, KENT, ENGLAND TN23 1YW SN 0144-8420 J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim. PY 1993 VL 50 IS 2-4 BP 243 EP 248 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA MX324 UT WOS:A1993MX32400029 ER PT J AU RAO, KS HOSKER, RP AF RAO, KS HOSKER, RP TI UNCERTAINTY IN THE ASSESSMENT OF ATMOSPHERIC CONCENTRATIONS OF TOXIC CONTAMINANTS FROM AN ACCIDENTAL RELEASE SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY LA English DT Article AB Atmospheric dispersion models are widely used to assess the risk of human exposure to toxic air contaminants resulting from an accidental release. Decisions on protective actions during emergencies are often based on dose calculations using the dispersion models. In view of the importance of such decisions, it is essential to understand and quantify the uncertainty associated with modelled concentrations. Two kinds of uncertainty, 'reducible' and 'inherent', are emphasised. The reducible uncertainty can he minimised through more accurate and more representative measurements and better model formulations. The inherent uncertainty arising from unmeasured or unresolvable details of the atmospheric flow leads to random fluctuations of concentrations from individual calculations about their ensemble average. When these fluctuations are large, the mean concentration alone is inadequate to predict the range and probability of the concentration levels. It is necessary to present the uncertainty in atmospheric dispersion models in terms of an appropriate confidence interval on the model predictions. Such methods facilitate improved decision making based on model uncertainty and risk assessment. In this paper. the various uncertainties in the assessment of atmospheric concentrations are discussed and some aspects of model evaluation are illustrated with examples using gaussian puff/plume models and tracer data. RP RAO, KS (reprint author), NOAA,ARL,DIV ATMOSPHER TURBULENCE & DIFFUS,POB 2456,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY PUBL PI ASHFORD PA PO BOX 7, ASHFORD, KENT, ENGLAND TN23 1YW SN 0144-8420 J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim. PY 1993 VL 50 IS 2-4 BP 281 EP 288 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA MX324 UT WOS:A1993MX32400034 ER PT J AU MCLAUGHLIN, WL AF MCLAUGHLIN, WL TI ESR DOSIMETRY SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON SOLID STATE DOSIMETRY CY JUL 13-17, 1992 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP NIH, US DOE, INT SENSOR TECHNOL, LANDAUER, NUCL TECHNOL PUBL, SCI APPL INT, SIEMENS GAMMASON, SOLON TECHNOL, VICTOREEN AB The demonstration 30 years ago that the amino acid, alanine, could serve as a solid dosemeter by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometry, has led to a fascinating success story. Radiation-induced paramagnetic centres, the de-aminated free radicals associated with unpaired electrons, are stable during and after irradiation. The free radical concentration proportional to the absorbed dose can be measured as the main peak-to-peak amplitude of the first derivative of the ESR absorption spectrum. In addition to alanine, other solids (e.g. certain sugars and polymers, quartz, bone) may be used to cover a broad range of absorbed dose, 10-10(8) Gy. Indeed, efforts proceed to improve the sensitivity, accuracy, and precision of ESR dosimetry. Advantages include the ability to simulate biological tissues in terms of radiation absorption properties, small size (e.g. thin films and small pellets), the possibility of in vivo dosimetry, ruggedness, stability, and resistance to environmental and dose rate effects. RP MCLAUGHLIN, WL (reprint author), US DEPT COMMERCE,NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,PHYS LAB,DIV IONIZING RADIAT,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 0 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 2 PU NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY PUBL PI ASHFORD PA PO BOX 7, ASHFORD, KENT, ENGLAND TN23 1YW SN 0144-8420 J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim. PY 1993 VL 47 IS 1-4 BP 255 EP 262 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA LN648 UT WOS:A1993LN64800055 ER PT J AU SOARES, CG MCLAUGHLIN, WL AF SOARES, CG MCLAUGHLIN, WL TI MEASUREMENT OF RADIAL DOSE DISTRIBUTIONS AROUND SMALL BETA-PARTICLE EMITTERS USING HIGH-RESOLUTION RADIOCHROMIC FOIL DOSIMETRY SO RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONF ON SOLID STATE DOSIMETRY CY JUL 13-17, 1992 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP NIH, US DOE, INT SENSOR TECHNOL, LANDAUER, NUCL TECHNOL PUBL, SCI APPL INT, SIEMENS GAMMASON, SOLON TECHNOL, VICTOREEN AB A method is described for the direct measurement of the radial dose distributions around small (from several mm down to tens of mum in diameter) beta particle emitters. The method employs the high resolution readout of radiochromic dye foils. These foils form a blue image upon irradiation and require no processing to stabilise the image. The colour change (in units of absorbance) is nearly linear with absorbed dose over a range of 10 Gy to 1000 Gy and the response to electrons is nearly identical to Co-60 gamma radiation which makes the system easy to calibrate. Readout is performed with a laser scanning densitometer with a 100 mum spot size which can be stepped in increments of 40 mum in two dimensions. Examples of the results of measurements of Sr-90/Y-90 eye applicators as well as particle sources of Sr-90/Y-90Y, Co-60, and Tm-170 are given. RP SOARES, CG (reprint author), NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,DIV IONIZING RADIAT,PHYS LAB,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. NR 0 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY PUBL PI ASHFORD PA PO BOX 7, ASHFORD, KENT, ENGLAND TN23 1YW SN 0144-8420 J9 RADIAT PROT DOSIM JI Radiat. Prot. Dosim. PY 1993 VL 47 IS 1-4 BP 367 EP 372 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA LN648 UT WOS:A1993LN64800079 ER PT J AU SCHIAVON, G SOLIMINI, D WESTWATER, ER AF SCHIAVON, G SOLIMINI, D WESTWATER, ER TI PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF A MULTIFREQUENCY RADIOMETER FOR PREDICTING ATMOSPHERIC PROPAGATION PARAMETERS SO RADIO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID WATER-VAPOR; MICROWAVE RADIOMETERS; DELAY; TEMPERATURE AB This study concerns the predicted performance of multifrequency ground-based radiometers in estimating atmospheric moisture and the corresponding attenuation and wet path delay on an Earth-space path. The analysis of the performance is based on a numerical simulation using possible combinations of radiometric channels at 10 microwave frequencies below 100 GHz. We first discuss the accuracy of retrievals of both integrated atmospheric vapor and cloud liquid from noisy radiometric measurements carried out at two frequencies and investigate the improvement attainable by using more than two radiometric channels. Then we focus on the problem of predicting attenuation and wet path delay at several frequencies in the millimeter wave range for a vertical Earth-space path from radiometric data. Examples of possible combinations of two and three frequencies are presented, ranked according to their capability, first in retrieving vapor and liquid, then in predicting attenuation and wet path delay for two different climatologies. C1 NATL OCEAN & ATMOSPHER ADM,ENVIRONM RES LAB,WAVE PROPAGAT LAB,BOULDER,CO 80309. RP SCHIAVON, G (reprint author), UNIV TOR VERGATA,DIPARTIMENTO INGN ELETTR,VIA O RAIMONRO,I-00173 ROME,ITALY. NR 17 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0048-6604 J9 RADIO SCI JI Radio Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 1993 VL 28 IS 1 BP 63 EP 76 DI 10.1029/92RS02457 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA KL227 UT WOS:A1993KL22700006 ER PT B AU RAO, CRN CHEN, JH AF RAO, CRN CHEN, JH BE Chavez, PS Schowengerdt, RA TI CALIBRATION OF THE VISIBLE AND NEAR-INFRARED CHANNELS OF THE ADVANCED VERY HIGH-RESOLUTION RADIOMETER (AVHRR) AFTER LAUNCH SO RECENT ADVANCES IN SENSORS, RADIOMETRIC CALIBRATION, AND PROCESSING OF REMOTELY SENSED DATA SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Recent Advances in Sensors, Radiometric Calibration, and Processing of Remotely Sensed Data CY APR 14-16, 1993 CL ORLANDO, FL SP SOC PHOTO OPT INSTRUMENTAT ENGINEERS C1 NOAA,NATL ENVIRONM SATELLITE DATA & INFORMAT SERV,SATELLITE RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20233. NR 0 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-1174-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1993 VL 1938 BP 56 EP 66 DI 10.1117/12.161571 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA BZ57A UT WOS:A1993BZ57A00006 ER EF