FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Acharya, D Uyeki, TM AF Acharya, Deepak Uyeki, Timothy M. TI The PARADIGM of Influenza Vaccination in Heart Failure Patients SO JACC-HEART FAILURE LA English DT Editorial Material DE heart failure; influenza; vaccination; vaccine coverage ID UNITED-STATES; METAANALYSIS; COMMUNITY; MORTALITY; EFFICACY; VACCINES; DEATH C1 [Acharya, Deepak] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Div Cardiovasc Dis, Tinsley Harrison Tower,Room 321,1900 Univ Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Uyeki, Timothy M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Acharya, D (reprint author), Univ Alabama Birmingham, Div Cardiovasc Dis, Tinsley Harrison Tower,Room 321,1900 Univ Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM dacharya@uab.edu NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 2213-1779 EI 2213-1787 J9 JACC-HEART FAIL JI JACC-Heart Fail. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 4 IS 2 BP 159 EP 161 DI 10.1016/j.jchf.2015.12.008 PG 3 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA DC4LK UT WOS:000369192200011 PM 26823117 ER PT J AU Harvey, JJ Chester, S Burke, SA Ansbro, M Aden, T Gose, R Sciulli, R Bai, J DesJardin, L Benfer, JL Hall, J Smole, S Doan, K Popowich, MD St George, K Quinlan, T Halse, TA Li, Z Perez-Osorio, AC Glover, WA Russell, D Reisdorf, E Whyte, T Whitaker, B Hatcher, C Srinivasan, V Tatti, K Tondella, ML Wang, X Winchell, JM Mayer, LW Jernigan, D Mawle, AC AF Harvey, John J. Chester, Stephanie Burke, Stephen A. Ansbro, Marisela Aden, Tricia Gose, Remedios Sciulli, Rebecca Bai, Jing DesJardin, Lucy Benfer, Jeffrey L. Hall, Joshua Smole, Sandra Doan, Kimberly Popowich, Michael D. St George, Kirsten Quinlan, Tammy Halse, Tanya A. Li, Zhen Perez-Osorio, Ailyn C. Glover, William A. Russell, Denny Reisdorf, Erik Whyte, Thomas, Jr. Whitaker, Brett Hatcher, Cynthia Srinivasan, Velusamy Tatti, Kathleen Tondella, Maria Lucia Wang, Xin Winchell, Jonas M. Mayer, Leonard W. Jernigan, Daniel Mawle, Alison C. TI Comparative analytical evaluation of the respiratory TaqMan Array Card with real-time PCR and commercial multi-pathogen assays SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE PCR; Respiratory pathogens; Comparative studies; Analytical techniques; Microfluidics ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; FAST-TRACK DIAGNOSTICS; FILMARRAY RP; XTAG RVP; RT-PCR; VIRUSES; INFECTION; PANEL; ENTEROPATHOGENS; CHILDREN AB In this study, a multicenter evaluation of the Life Technologies TaqMan (R) Array Card (TAC) with 21 custom viral and bacterial respiratory assays was performed on the Applied Biosystems ViiA (TM) 7 Real-Time PCR System. The goal of the study was to demonstrate the analytical performance of this platform when compared to identical individual pathogen specific laboratory developed tests (LDTs) designed at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), equivalent LDTs provided by state public health laboratories, or to three different commercial multi-respiratory panels. CDC and Association of Public Health Laboratories (APHL) LDTs had similar analytical sensitivities for viral pathogens, while several of the bacterial pathogen APHL LDTs demonstrated sensitivities one log higher than the corresponding CDC LDT. When compared to CDC LDTs, TAC assays were generally one to two logs less sensitive depending on the site performing the analysis. Finally, TAC assays were generally more sensitive than their counterparts in three different commercial multi-respiratory panels. TAC technology allows users to spot customized assays and design TAC layout, simplify assay setup, conserve specimen, dramatically reduce contamination potential, and as demonstrated in this study, analyze multiple samples in parallel with good reproducibility between instruments and operators. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Harvey, John J.; Burke, Stephen A.; Ansbro, Marisela; Aden, Tricia] Battelle Tech On Site Profess Serv, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Chester, Stephanie; Aden, Tricia] Assoc Publ Hlth Labs, Silver Spring, MD 20904 USA. [Gose, Remedios; Sciulli, Rebecca] Hawaii Dept Hlth State Labs, Pearl City, HI 96782 USA. [Bai, Jing; DesJardin, Lucy; Benfer, Jeffrey L.] Iowa State Hyg Lab, Coralville, IA 52241 USA. [Hall, Joshua; Smole, Sandra; Doan, Kimberly] William A Hinton State Lab Inst, Jamaica Plain, MA 02130 USA. [Popowich, Michael D.; St George, Kirsten; Quinlan, Tammy; Halse, Tanya A.] New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr, Albany, NY 12201 USA. [Li, Zhen; Perez-Osorio, Ailyn C.; Glover, William A.; Russell, Denny] Washington State Publ Hlth Labs, Shoreline, WA 98155 USA. [Reisdorf, Erik; Whyte, Thomas, Jr.] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin State Lab Hyg, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Harvey, John J.; Burke, Stephen A.; Ansbro, Marisela; Whitaker, Brett; Hatcher, Cynthia; Srinivasan, Velusamy; Tatti, Kathleen; Tondella, Maria Lucia; Wang, Xin; Winchell, Jonas M.; Mayer, Leonard W.; Jernigan, Daniel; Mawle, Alison C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Dept HHS, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Harvey, JJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Dept HHS, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM xba6@cdc.gov OI Harvey, John/0000-0001-5613-3716 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U60HM000803]; National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (IP); Office of Surveillance, Epidemiology and Laboratory Services (OSELS) (OE); National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STDs and TB Prevention (PS); National Center for Zoonotic, Vector-Borne and Enteric Diseases (CK); National Center for Environmental Health (NCEH); Coordinating Office for Terrorism Preparedness and Emergency Response (CTPER) FX This study and the preparation of this journal article was supported by the Association of Public Health Laboratories (APHL) and by the Cooperative Agreement Number U60HM000803, funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of APHL, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the Department of Health and Human Services. The work done in support of this journal article was supported by the following CDC institutes: National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (IP); Office of Surveillance, Epidemiology and Laboratory Services (OSELS) (OE); National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STDs and TB Prevention (PS); National Center for Zoonotic, Vector-Borne and Enteric Diseases (CK); National Center for Environmental Health (NCEH); Coordinating Office for Terrorism Preparedness and Emergency Response (CTPER). The authors also wish to thank Daryl Lamson at the New York State Department of Health, Wadsworth Center, for providing the LDTs to detect PIV2 and PIV3. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 EI 1879-0984 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD FEB PY 2016 VL 228 BP 151 EP 157 DI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2015.11.020 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA DD1JY UT WOS:000369679200024 PM 26640122 ER PT J AU Frazier, EL Sutton, MY Tie, YF McNaghten, AD Blair, JM Skarbinski, J AF Frazier, Emma L. Sutton, Madeline Y. Tie, Yunfeng McNaghten, A. D. Blair, Janet M. Skarbinski, Jacek TI Screening for Cervical Cancer and Sexually Transmitted Diseases Among HIV-Infected Women SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS; CARE; SURVEILLANCE; RISK; PAP AB Background: Women living with HIV infection are at higher risk for cervical cancer, an AIDS-defining diagnosis. We examined the prevalence of cervical cancer and sexually transmitted disease (STD) screening among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women and factors associated with the receipt of Papanicolaou (Pap) tests. Methods: We did a cross-sectional analysis of weighted data from a sample of HIV-infected adults receiving outpatient medical care. We used matched interview (report of Pap test) and medical record data (STD screenings) from HIV-infected women. We performed logistic regression to compute adjusted prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the association between demographic, behavioral, and clinical factors and receipt of Pap tests among HIV-infected women. Results: Data were available for 2,270 women, who represent 112,894 HIV-infected women; 62% were African American, 17% were Hispanic/Latina, and 18% were white. Most (78%) reported having a Pap test in the past year. Among sexually active women (n=1234), 20% reported sex without condoms, 27% were screened for gonorrhea, and 29% were screened for chlamydia. Being screened for STDs was less likely among women who did not have a Pap test in the past year (adjusted prevalence ratios 0.82, 95% confidence interval 0.77-0.87). Women who were 50 years of age and reported income above federal poverty level, no sexual activity, depression, no HIV care from an obstetrician/gynecologist, and no documented STD tests, were less likely to report a Pap test (p<0.05). Conclusions: Screening for cervical cancer and STDs among HIV-infected women is suboptimal. Clinical visits for Pap tests are an important opportunity for HIV-infected sexually active women to also receive STD screenings and counseling regarding condoms. C1 [Frazier, Emma L.; Sutton, Madeline Y.; Tie, Yunfeng; McNaghten, A. D.; Blair, Janet M.; Skarbinski, Jacek] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Tie, Yunfeng] ICF Int, Atlanta, GA USA. [McNaghten, A. D.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Sutton, MY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop E-45, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM msutton@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [PS09-937] FX Funding for the Medical Monitoring Project (MMP) is provided by a cooperative agreement (PS09-937) from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 EI 1931-843X J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD FEB 1 PY 2016 VL 25 IS 2 BP 124 EP 132 DI 10.1089/jwh.2015.5368 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA DD0GV UT WOS:000369599300004 PM 26447835 ER PT J AU Hale, GL Zaki, SR Dry, SM AF Hale, Gillian L. Zaki, Sherif R. Dry, Sarah M. TI Yersinia Pestis Osteomyelitis: An Underreported Complication of Plague SO LABORATORY INVESTIGATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Meeting of the United-States-and-Canadian-Academy-of-Pathology CY MAR 12-18, 2016 CL Seattle, WA SP US & Canadian Acad Pathol C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0023-6837 EI 1530-0307 J9 LAB INVEST JI Lab. Invest. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 96 SU 1 MA 1538 BP 389A EP 389A PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA DC5OQ UT WOS:000369270702277 ER PT J AU Ng, D Jones, T Paddock, C AF Ng, Dianna Jones, Tara Paddock, Christopher TI Histologic Features and Immunohistochemical Characterization of Inflammatory Infiltrates in Eschar Biopsy Specimens from Patients with Rickettsia parkeri Rickettsiosis SO LABORATORY INVESTIGATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 105th Annual Meeting of the United-States-and-Canadian-Academy-of-Pathology CY MAR 12-18, 2016 CL Seattle, WA SP US & Canadian Acad Pathol C1 [Ng, Dianna; Jones, Tara; Paddock, Christopher] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0023-6837 EI 1530-0307 J9 LAB INVEST JI Lab. Invest. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 96 SU 1 MA 1541 BP 390A EP 390A PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA DC5OQ UT WOS:000369270702280 ER PT J AU Poon, LLM Song, T Rosenfeld, R Lin, XD Rogers, MB Zhou, B Sebra, R Halpin, RA Guan, Y Twaddle, A DePasse, JV Stockwell, TB Wentworth, DE Holmes, EC Greenbaum, B Peiris, JSM Cowling, BJ Ghedin, E AF Poon, Leo L. M. Song, Timothy Rosenfeld, Roni Lin, Xudong Rogers, Matthew B. Zhou, Bin Sebra, Robert Halpin, Rebecca A. Guan, Yi Twaddle, Alan DePasse, Jay V. Stockwell, Timothy B. Wentworth, David E. Holmes, Edward C. Greenbaum, Benjamin Peiris, Joseph S. M. Cowling, Benjamin J. Ghedin, Elodie TI Quantifying influenza virus diversity and transmission in humans SO NATURE GENETICS LA English DT Article ID RNA VIRUSES; HEMAGGLUTININ; MUTATION; RATES; H1N1 AB Influenza A virus is characterized by high genetic diversity(1-3). However, most of what is known about influenza evolution has come from consensus sequences sampled at the epidemiological scale(4) that only represent the dominant virus lineage within each infected host. Less is known about the extent of within host virus diversity and what proportion of this diversity is transmitted between individuals(5). To characterize virus variants that achieve sustainable transmission in new hosts, we examined within-host virus genetic diversity in household donor-recipient pairs from the first wave of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic when seasonal H3N2 was co-circulating. Although the same variants were found in multiple members of the community, the relative frequencies of variants fluctuated, with patterns of genetic variation more similar within than between households. We estimated the effective population size of influenza A virus across donor-recipient pairs to be approximately 100-200 contributing members, which enabled the transmission of multiple lineages, including antigenic variants. C1 [Poon, Leo L. M.; Guan, Yi; Peiris, Joseph S. M.] Univ Hong Kong, Sch Publ Hlth, Publ Hlth Lab Sci, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Song, Timothy; Rogers, Matthew B.] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Computat & Syst Biol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Song, Timothy; Zhou, Bin; Twaddle, Alan; Ghedin, Elodie] NYU, Dept Biol, Ctr Genom & Syst Biol, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Rosenfeld, Roni] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Sch Comp Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Lin, Xudong; Halpin, Rebecca A.; Stockwell, Timothy B.; Wentworth, David E.] J Craig Venter Inst, Rockville, MD USA. [Sebra, Robert] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Dept Genet & Genom Sci, New York, NY 10029 USA. [DePasse, Jay V.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh Supercomp Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Holmes, Edward C.] Univ Sydney, Sch Biol Sci, Charles Perkins Ctr, Marie Bashir Inst Infect Dis & Biosecur, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Holmes, Edward C.] Univ Sydney, Sydney Med Sch, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Greenbaum, Benjamin] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Tisch Canc Inst, Dept Med, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Greenbaum, Benjamin] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Tisch Canc Inst, Dept Hematol & Med Oncol, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Greenbaum, Benjamin] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Tisch Canc Inst, Dept Pathol, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Cowling, Benjamin J.] Univ Hong Kong, Sch Publ Hlth, Epidemiol & Biostat, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Ghedin, Elodie] NYU, Coll Global Publ Hlth, New York, NY USA. [Rogers, Matthew B.] Univ Pittsburgh, Childrens Hosp Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Wentworth, David E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Ghedin, E (reprint author), NYU, Dept Biol, Ctr Genom & Syst Biol, New York, NY 10003 USA.; Cowling, BJ (reprint author), Univ Hong Kong, Sch Publ Hlth, Epidemiol & Biostat, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.; Ghedin, E (reprint author), NYU, Coll Global Publ Hlth, New York, NY USA. EM bcowling@hku.hk; elodie.ghedin@nyu.edu OI Holmes, Edward/0000-0001-9596-3552 FU US National Institutes of Health as part of the HHMI-NIBIB Interfaces Initiative [T32 EB009403]; Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China [T11-705/14N]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; US National Institutes of Health; US Department of Health and Human Services [HHS-N272201400006C, HHS-N266200700005C, HHS-N272200900007C]; National Institute of General Medical Science, US National Institutes of Health [U54 GM088491, U54 GM088558]; National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia [AF30] FX T.S. was a predoctoral trainee supported by US National Institutes of Health T32 training grant T32 EB009403 as part of the HHMI-NIBIB Interfaces Initiative. This research was supported with a grant from the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China(project T11-705/14N) (L.L.M.P., Y.G., J.S.M.P. and B.J.C.), federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, US National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, under contract numbers HHS-N272201400006C (L.L.M.P., Y.G. and J.S.M.P.), HHS-N266200700005C (B.J.C.) and HHS-N272200900007C (E.G., X.L., R.A.H., T.B.S. and D.E.W), the National Institute of General Medical Science, US National Institutes of Health, under award numbers U54 GM088491 (E.G., R.R. and J.V.D.) and U54 GM088558 (B.J.C.), and National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia Fellowship AF30 (E.C.H.). The data for this manuscript were generated and prepared while D.E.W. was employed at the J. Craig Venter Institute. The opinions expressed in this article are the authors' own and do not reflect the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the US Department of Health and Human Services or the US government. NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 15 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1061-4036 EI 1546-1718 J9 NAT GENET JI Nature Genet. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 48 IS 2 BP 195 EP 200 DI 10.1038/ng.3479 PG 6 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA DC2JV UT WOS:000369043900018 PM 26727660 ER PT J AU Schrag, SJ AF Schrag, Stephanie J. TI Maternal Immunization to Prevent Neonatal Group B Streptococcal Disease New Progress and Promise SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID ANTIBODY; VACCINE C1 [Schrag, Stephanie J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Schrag, SJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. EM SSchrag@cdc.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 127 IS 2 BP 199 EP 201 DI 10.1097/AOG.0000000000001275 PG 3 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA DC5IS UT WOS:000369255300002 PM 26942342 ER PT J AU Chong, E Winikoff, B Charles, D Agnew, K Prentice, JL Limbago, BM Platais, I Louie, K Jones, HE Shannon, C AF Chong, Erica Winikoff, Beverly Charles, Dyanna Agnew, Kathy Prentice, Jennifer L. Limbago, Brandi M. Platais, Ingrida Louie, Karmen Jones, Heidi E. Shannon, Caitlin CA NCT01283828 Study Team TI Vaginal and Rectal Clostridium sordellii and Clostridium perfringens Presence Among Women in the United States SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TOXIC-SHOCK-SYNDROME; MEDICAL ABORTION; INFECTION; POSTPARTUM AB OBJECTIVE:To characterize the presence of Clostridium sordellii and Clostridium perfringens in the vagina and rectum, identify correlates of presence, and describe strain diversity and presence of key toxins.METHODS:We conducted an observational cohort study in which we screened a diverse cohort of reproductive-aged women in the United States up to three times using vaginal and rectal swabs analyzed by molecular and culture methods. We used multivariate regression models to explore predictors of presence. Strains were characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and tested for known virulence factors by polymerase chain reaction assays.RESULTS:Of 4,152 participants enrolled between 2010 and 2013, 3.4% (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.9-4.0) were positive for C sordellii and 10.4% (95% CI 9.5-11.3) were positive for C perfringens at baseline. Among the 66% with follow-up data, 94.7% (95% CI 88.0-98.3) of those positive for C sordellii and 74.4% (95% CI 69.0-79.3) of those positive for C perfringens at baseline were negative at follow-up. At baseline, recent gynecologic surgery was associated with C sordellii presence, whereas a high body mass index was associated with C perfringens presence in adjusted models. Two of 238 C sordellii isolates contained the lethal toxin gene, and none contained the hemorrhagic toxin gene. Substantial strain diversity was observed in both species with few clusters and no dominant clones identified.CONCLUSION:The relatively rare and transient nature of C sordellii and C perfringens presence in the vagina and rectum makes it inadvisable to use any screening or prophylactic approach to try to prevent clostridial infection.CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION:ClinicalTrials.gov, www.clinicaltrials.gov, NCT01283828. C1 CUNY, Sch Publ Hlth, Gynu Hlth Projects, New York, NY USA. CUNY Hunter Coll, New York, NY 10021 USA. EngenderHealth, New York, NY USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Chong, E (reprint author), Gynu Hlth Projects, 15 East 26th St,Suite 801, New York, NY 10010 USA. EM echong@gynuity.org NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 127 IS 2 BP 360 EP 368 DI 10.1097/AOG.0000000000001239 PG 9 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA DC5JI UT WOS:000369256900006 PM 26942366 ER PT J AU Ruder, AM Meyers, AR Bertke, SJ AF Ruder, Avima M. Meyers, Alysha R. Bertke, Stephen J. TI Mortality among styrene-exposed workers in the reinforced plastic boatbuilding industry SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID TABLE ANALYSIS SYSTEM; COMPOSITES INDUSTRY; DISEASE MORTALITY; COHORT MORTALITY; CANCER-MORTALITY; UNITED-STATES; LUNG-CANCER; HEALTH; PATTERNS; UPDATE AB Background We updated mortality through 2011 for 5203 boat-building workers potentially exposed to styrene, and analysed mortality among 1678 employed a year or more between 1959 and 1978. The a priori hypotheses: excess leukaemia and lymphoma would be found. Methods Standardised mortality ratios (SMRs) and 95% CIs and standardised rate ratios (SRRs) used Washington State rates and a person-years analysis programme, LTAS. NET. The SRR analysis compared outcomes among tertiles of estimated cumulative potential styrene exposure. Results Overall, 598 deaths (SMR= 0.96, CI 0.89 to 1.04) included excess lung (SMR= 1.23, CI 0.95 to 1.56) and ovarian cancer (SMR 3.08, CI 1.00 to 7.19), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (SMR= 1.15, CI 0.81 to 1.58). Among 580 workers with potential high-styrene exposure, COPD mortality increased 2-fold (SMR= 2.02, CI 1.08 to 3.46). Conclusions COPD was more pronounced among those with potential high-styrene exposure. However, no outcome was related to estimated cumulative styrene exposure, and there was no change when latency was taken into account. We found no excess leukaemia or lymphoma mortality. As in most occupational cohort studies, lack of information on lifestyle factors or other employment was a substantial limitation although we excluded from the analyses those (n= 3525) who worked < 1 year. Unanticipated excess ovarian cancer mortality could be a chance finding. Comparing subcohorts with potential high-styrene and low-styrene exposure, COPD mortality SRR was elevated while lung cancer SRR was not, suggesting that smoking was not the only cause for excess COPD mortality. C1 [Ruder, Avima M.; Meyers, Alysha R.; Bertke, Stephen J.] NIOSH, Industrywide Studies Branch, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Mailstop R-16,1090 Tusculum Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Ruder, AM (reprint author), NIOSH, Industrywide Studies Branch, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Mailstop R-16,1090 Tusculum Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM amr2@cdc.gov OI Meyers, Alysha/0000-0002-6402-0145 NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 EI 1470-7926 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 73 IS 2 BP 97 EP 102 DI 10.1136/oemed-2015-102990 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DD3PI UT WOS:000369834300005 PM 26574575 ER PT J AU Dantes, R Epson, EE Dominguez, SR Dolan, S Wang, F Hurst, A Parker, SK Johnston, H West, K Anderson, L Rasheed, JK Moulton-Meissner, H Noble-Wang, J Limbago, B Dowell, E Hilden, JM Guh, A Pollack, LA Gould, CV AF Dantes, Raymund Epson, Erin E. Dominguez, Samuel R. Dolan, Susan Wang, Frank Hurst, Amanda Parker, Sarah K. Johnston, Helen West, Kelly Anderson, Lydia Rasheed, James K. Moulton-Meissner, Heather Noble-Wang, Judith Limbago, Brandi Dowell, Elaine Hilden, Joanne M. Guh, Alice Pollack, Lori A. Gould, Carolyn V. TI Investigation of a cluster of Clostridium difficile infections in a pediatric oncology setting SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Epidemiology; Hematology; Oncology; Clostridium difficile ID CHILDREN; CANCER; IMPACT; RATES; FEVER AB Background: We investigated an increase in Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) among pediatric oncology patients. Methods: CDI cases were defined as first C difficile positive stool tests between December 1, 2010, and September 6, 2012, in pediatric oncology patients receiving inpatient or outpatient care at a single hospital. A case-control study was performed to identify CDI risk factors, infection prevention and antimicrobial prescribing practices were assessed, and environmental sampling was conducted. Available isolates were strain-typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Results: An increase in hospital-onset CDI cases was observed from June-August 2012. Independent risk factors for CDI included hospitalization in the bone marrow transplant ward and exposure to computerized tomography scanning or cefepime in the prior 12 weeks. Cefepime use increased beginning in late 2011, reflecting a practice change for patients with neutropenic fever. There were 13 distinct strain types among 22 available isolates. Hospital-onset CDI rates decreased to near-baseline levels with enhanced infection prevention measures, including environmental cleaning and prolonged contact isolation. Conclusion: C difficile strain diversity associated with a cluster of CDI among pediatric oncology patients suggests a need for greater understanding of modes and sources of transmission and strategies to reduce patient susceptibility to CDI. Further research is needed on the risk of CDI with cefepime and its use as primary empirical treatment for neutropenic fever. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. C1 [Dantes, Raymund; Wang, Frank; Anderson, Lydia; Rasheed, James K.; Moulton-Meissner, Heather; Noble-Wang, Judith; Limbago, Brandi; Guh, Alice; Pollack, Lori A.; Gould, Carolyn V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-31, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dantes, Raymund; Epson, Erin E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Epson, Erin E.; Johnston, Helen] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Communicable Dis Epidemiol Sect, Denver, CO USA. [Dominguez, Samuel R.; Dolan, Susan; Hurst, Amanda; Parker, Sarah K.; West, Kelly; Dowell, Elaine; Hilden, Joanne M.] Childrens Hosp Colorado, Aurora, CO USA. [Dominguez, Samuel R.; Parker, Sarah K.; Hilden, Joanne M.] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Aurora, CO USA. RP Dantes, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-31, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM vic5@cdc.gov OI Hurst, Amanda/0000-0002-8102-8173 NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 EI 1527-3296 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD FEB 1 PY 2016 VL 44 IS 2 BP 138 EP 145 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2015.09.004 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DB8NF UT WOS:000368772700006 PM 26601705 ER PT J AU Kim, JH Wu, TZ Powell, JB Roberge, RJ AF Kim, Jung-Hyun Wu, Tianzhou Powell, Jeffrey B. Roberge, Raymond J. TI Physiologic and fit factor profiles of N95 and P100 filtering facepiece respirators for use in hot, humid environments SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Filtering facepiece respirators; P100; N95; Hot humid environment; Fit factors; Thermophysiologic and subjective responses ID HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; SURGICAL MASK; TEMPERATURE; PERFORMANCE; RESPONSES; IMPACT AB Background: To determine if hot, humid ambient conditions impact filtering facepiece respirators' (FFRs') fit, and to evaluate differences in physiologic and subjective responses between N95 FFRs and P100 FFRs. Methods: Twelve subjects had physiologic monitoring and subjective perceptions monitored over 1 hour of treadmill exercise (5.6 km/h) in an environmental chamber (35 degrees C, relative humidity 50%) wearing an N95 FFR, P100 FFR, or no respirator. Respirator quantitative fit testing was done before and after exercise. Results: There was no significant difference in pass rates for both FFRs on initial fit testing, but subjects who passed were more likely to fail the postexercise test with N95 FFRs (P = .01). Wearing FFRs increased the temperature of facial skin covered by the FFR (P = .009) and breathing discomfort (P = .002). No significant differences were noted in other measured variables (heart rate, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, transcutaneous carbon dioxide level, rectal temperature, global skin temperature, core temperature, and subjective perceptions) between controls and FFRs and between FFR models. Conclusion: After 1 hour of exercise in hot, humid ambient conditions, P100 FFRs retained better fit than N95 FFRs, without additional physiologic or subjective impact. Wearing FFRs under these conditions does not add to the body's thermophysiologic or perceptual burdens. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. C1 [Kim, Jung-Hyun; Wu, Tianzhou; Powell, Jeffrey B.; Roberge, Raymond J.] NIOSH, Natl Personal Protect Technol Lab, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Roberge, RJ (reprint author), Natl Personal Protect Technol Lab, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM dtn0@cdc.gov FU National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory internal operating funds FX Supported by National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory internal operating funds. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 EI 1527-3296 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD FEB 1 PY 2016 VL 44 IS 2 BP 194 EP 198 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2015.08.027 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DB8NF UT WOS:000368772700015 PM 26476496 ER PT J AU Farr, SL Ko, JY Burley, K Gupta, S AF Farr, Sherry L. Ko, Jean Y. Burley, Kim Gupta, Seema TI Provider communication on perinatal depression: a population-based study SO ARCHIVES OF WOMENS MENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Depression; Pregnancy; Postpartum; Prenatal care; Health education ID POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION; EDUCATION; SETTINGS; PATIENT; WOMEN AB Women's lack of knowledge on symptoms of perinatal depression and treatment resources is a barrier to receiving care. We sought to estimate the prevalence and predictors of discussing depression with a prenatal care provider. We used the 2011 population-based data from 24 sites participating in the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (n = 32,827 women with recent live births) to examine associations between maternal characteristics and report that a prenatal care provider discussed with her what to do if feeling depressed during or after pregnancy. Overall, 71.9 % of women reported discussing perinatal depression with their prenatal care provider (range 60.7 % in New York City to 85.6 % in Maine). Women were more likely to report a discussion on perinatal depression with their provider if they they were 18-29years of age than over 35 years of age compared to older (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] 18 to 19 y = 1.08, 20 to 24 y = 1.10, 25 to 29 y = 1.09), unmarried (aPR = 1.07) compared to married, had < 12 years of education (aPR = 1.05) compared to > 12 years, and had no previous live births (aPR = 1.03) compared to a parts per thousand yen1 live births. Research is needed on effective ways to educate women about perinatal depression and whether increased knowledge on perinatal depression results in higher rates of treatment and shorter duration of symptoms. C1 [Farr, Sherry L.; Ko, Jean Y.; Burley, Kim; Gupta, Seema] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Farr, SL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. EM SFarr@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 7 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 1434-1816 EI 1435-1102 J9 ARCH WOMEN MENT HLTH JI Arch. Womens Ment. Health PD FEB PY 2016 VL 19 IS 1 BP 35 EP 40 DI 10.1007/s00737-014-0493-9 PG 6 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA DC1XU UT WOS:000369012400006 PM 25578631 ER PT J AU Nyenswah, TG Kateh, F Bawo, L Massaquoi, M Gbanyan, M Fallah, M Nagbe, TK Karsor, KK Wesseh, CS Sieh, S Gasasira, A Graaff, P Hensley, L Rosling, H Lo, T Pillai, SK Gupta, N Montgomery, JM Ransom, RL Williams, D Laney, AS Lindblade, KA Slutsker, L Telfer, JL Christie, A Mahoney, F De Cock, KM AF Nyenswah, Tolbert G. Kateh, Francis Bawo, Luke Massaquoi, Moses Gbanyan, Miatta Fallah, Mosoka Nagbe, Thomas K. Karsor, Kollie K. Wesseh, C. Sanford Sieh, Sonpon Gasasira, Alex Graaff, Peter Hensley, Lisa Rosling, Hans Lo, Terence Pillai, Satish K. Gupta, Neal Montgomery, Joel M. Ransom, Ray L. Williams, Desmond Laney, A. Scott Lindblade, Kim A. Slutsker, Laurence Telfer, Jana L. Christie, Athalia Mahoney, Frank De Cock, Kevin M. TI Ebola and Its Control in Liberia, 2014-2015 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID JANUARY-FEBRUARY 2015; HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; VIRUS DISEASE; COUNTY; TRANSMISSION; AUGUST; VILLAGE; CLUSTER; OCTOBER; MANAGEMENT AB The severe epidemic Of Ebola virus disease in Liberia started in March 2014. On May 9, 2015, the World Health Organization declared Liberia free of Ebola, 42 days after safe burial of the last known case-patient. However, another 6 cases occurred during June July; on September 3, 2015, the country was again declared free of Ebola. Liberia had by then reported 10,672 cases of Ebola and 4,808 deaths, 37.0% and 42.6%, respectively, of the 28,103 cases and 11,290 deaths reported from the 3 countries that were heavily affected at that time. Essential components of the response included government leadership and sense of urgency, coordinated international assistance, sound technical work, flexibility guided by epidemiologic data, transparency and effective communication, and efforts by communities themselves. Priorities after the epidemic include surveillance in case of resurgence, restoration of health services, infection control in healthcare settings, and strengthening of basic public health systems. C1 [Nyenswah, Tolbert G.; Kateh, Francis; Bawo, Luke; Massaquoi, Moses; Gbanyan, Miatta; Fallah, Mosoka; Nagbe, Thomas K.; Karsor, Kollie K.; Wesseh, C. Sanford; Sieh, Sonpon; Rosling, Hans] Minist Hlth & Social Welf, Monrovia, Liberia. [Gasasira, Alex] World Hlth Org, Monrovia, Liberia. [Graaff, Peter] United Nations Mission Emergency Ebola Response, Monrovia, Liberia. [Hensley, Lisa] NIH, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Rosling, Hans] Karolinska Inst, Stockholm, Sweden. [Lo, Terence; Pillai, Satish K.; Gupta, Neal; Montgomery, Joel M.; Ransom, Ray L.; Williams, Desmond; Laney, A. Scott; Lindblade, Kim A.; Slutsker, Laurence; Telfer, Jana L.; Christie, Athalia; Mahoney, Frank; De Cock, Kevin M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,Mailstop D69, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP De Cock, KM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,Mailstop D69, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM kmd2@cdc.gov NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 35 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD FEB PY 2016 VL 22 IS 2 BP 169 EP 177 DI 10.3201/eid2202.151456 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DC1HX UT WOS:000368968500001 PM 26811980 ER PT J AU Rico, A Brody, D Coronado, F Rondy, M Fiebig, L Carcelen, A Deyde, VM Mesfin, S Retzer, KD Bilivogui, P Keita, S Dahl, BA AF Rico, Adriana Brody, Debra Coronado, Fatima Rondy, Marc Fiebig, Lena Carcelen, Andrea Deyde, Varough M. Mesfin, Samuel Retzer, Kyla D. Bilivogui, Pepe Keita, Sakoba Dahl, Benjamin A. TI Epidemiology of. Epidemic Ebola Virus Disease in Conakry and Surrounding Prefectures, Guinea, 2014-2015 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID OUTBREAK AB In 2014, Ebola virus disease (EVD) in West Africa was first reported during March in 3 southeastern prefectures in Guinea; from there, the disease rapidly spread across West Africa. We describe the epidemiology of EVD cases reported in Guinea's capital, Conakry, and 4 surrounding prefectures (Coyah, Dubreka, Forecariah, and Kindia), encompassing a full year of the epidemic. A total of 1,355 EVD cases, representing approximate to 40% of cases reported in Guinea, originated from these areas. Overall, Forecariah had the highest cumulative incidence (4x higher than that in Conakry). Case-fatality percentage ranged from 40% in Conakry to 60% in Kindia. Cumulative incidence was slightly higher among male than female residents, although incidences by prefecture and commune differed by sex. Over the course of the year, Conakry and neighboring prefectures became the EVD epicenter in Guinea. C1 [Rico, Adriana; Coronado, Fatima; Carcelen, Andrea; Dahl, Benjamin A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy,Mailstop F76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Brody, Debra] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hyattsville, MD USA. [Rondy, Marc] EpiConcept, Paris, France. [Rondy, Marc; Fiebig, Lena; Mesfin, Samuel] World Hlth Org Ebola Response Team, Conakry, Guinea. [Fiebig, Lena] Robert Koch Inst, Berlin, Germany. [Deyde, Varough M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Pretoria, South Africa. [Retzer, Kyla D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Denver, CO USA. [Bilivogui, Pepe; Keita, Sakoba] Minist Hlth, Conakry, Guinea. RP Rico, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy,Mailstop F76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM arico@cdc.gov FU Guinea Ministry of Health; World Health Organization/Global Outbreak Alert and Response Network; Global Guinea Ebola Response Team, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Support for this project was provided by the Guinea Ministry of Health, World Health Organization/Global Outbreak Alert and Response Network, and the Global Guinea Ebola Response Team, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 21 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD FEB PY 2016 VL 22 IS 2 BP 178 EP 183 DI 10.3201/eid2202.151304 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DC1HX UT WOS:000368968500002 PM 26812047 ER PT J AU Crowe, SJ Maenner, MJ Kuah, S Erickson, BR Coffee, M Knust, B Klena, J Foday, J Hertz, D Hermans, V Achar, J Caleo, GM Van Herp, M Albarino, CG Amman, B Basile, AJ Bearden, S Belser, JA Bergeron, E Blau, D Brault, AC Campbell, S Flint, M Gibbons, A Goodman, C McMullan, L Paddock, C Russell, B Selzer, JS Sanchez, A Sealy, T Wang, D Saffa, G Turay, A Nichol, ST Towner, JS AF Crowe, Samuel J. Maenner, Matthew J. Kuah, Solomon Erickson, Bobbie Rae Coffee, Megan Knust, Barbara Klena, John Foday, Joyce Hertz, Darren Hermans, Veerle Achar, Jay Caleo, Grazia M. Van Herp, Michel Albarino, Cesar G. Amman, Brian Basile, Alison Jane Bearden, Scott Belser, Jessica A. Bergeron, Eric Blau, Dianna Brault, Aaron C. Campbell, Shelley Flint, Mike Gibbons, Aridth Goodman, Christin McMullan, Laura Paddock, Christopher Russell, Brandy Selzer, Johanna S. Sanchez, Angela Sealy, Tara Wang, David Saffa, Gbessay Turay, Alhajie Nichol, Stuart T. Towner, Jonathan S. TI Prognostic Indicators for Ebola Patient Survival SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID VIRUS-DISEASE; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; SIERRA-LEONE; WEST-AFRICA; VIRAL LOAD; MANAGEMENT; TRANSMISSION; FEATURES; OUTCOMES; SUDAN AB To determine whether 2 readily available indicators predicted survival among patients with Ebola virus disease in Sierra Leone, we evaluated information for 216 of the 227 patients in Bo District during a 4-month period. The indicators were time from symptom onset to healthcare facility admission and quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR cycle threshold (C-t), a surrogate for viral load, in first Ebola virus positive blood sample tested. Of these patients, 151 were alive when detected and had reported healthcare facility admission dates and Ct values available. Time from symptom onset to healthcare facility admission was not associated with survival, but viral load in the first Ebola virus-positive blood sample was inversely associated with survival: 52 (87%) of 60 patients with a C-t of >= 24 survived and 20 (22%) of 91 with a C-t of <24 survived. C-t values may be useful for clinicians making treatment decisions or managing patient or family expectations. C1 [Crowe, Samuel J.; Maenner, Matthew J.; Erickson, Bobbie Rae; Knust, Barbara; Klena, John; Albarino, Cesar G.; Amman, Brian; Belser, Jessica A.; Bergeron, Eric; Blau, Dianna; Campbell, Shelley; Flint, Mike; Gibbons, Aridth; McMullan, Laura; Paddock, Christopher; Selzer, Johanna S.; Sanchez, Angela; Sealy, Tara; Wang, David; Nichol, Stuart T.; Towner, Jonathan S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A38, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Kuah, Solomon; Coffee, Megan; Hertz, Darren] Int Rescue Comm, New York, NY USA. [Foday, Joyce; Saffa, Gbessay; Turay, Alhajie] Minist Hlth & Sanitat, Bo Town, Sierra Leone. [Hermans, Veerle; Van Herp, Michel] Medecins Sans Frontieres, Brussels, Belgium. [Achar, Jay; Caleo, Grazia M.] Medecins Sans Frontieres, London, England. [Basile, Alison Jane; Bearden, Scott; Brault, Aaron C.; Goodman, Christin; Russell, Brandy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Maenner, Matthew J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E86, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Crowe, SJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A38, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA.; Maenner, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E86, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM yeo2@cdc.gov; xde8@cdc.gov OI Achar, Jay/0000-0002-2521-4422 NR 30 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 11 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD FEB PY 2016 VL 22 IS 2 BP 217 EP 223 DI 10.3201/eid2202.151250 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DC1HX UT WOS:000368968500007 PM 26812579 ER PT J AU Matthias, J Pritchard, PS Martin, SW Dusek, C Cathey, E D'Alessio, R Kirsch, M AF Matthias, James Pritchard, P. Scott Martin, Stacey W. Dusek, Cristina Cathey, Erika D'Alessio, Rebecca Kirsch, Marjorie TI Sustained Transmission of Pertussis in Vaccinated, 1-5-Year-Old Children in a Preschool, Florida, USA SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES AB In September 2013, local county health officials in Tallahassee, Florida, USA, were notified of a laboratory-confirmed pertussis case in a 1-year-old preschool attendee. During a 5-month period, 26 (22%) students 1-5 years of age, 2 staff from the same preschool, and 11 family members met the national case definition for pertussis. Four persons during this outbreak were hospitalized for clinical management of pertussis symptoms. Only 5 students, including 2 students with pertussis, had not received the complete series of vaccinations for pertussis. Attack rates in 1 classroom for all students who received the complete series of vaccinations for pertussis approached 50%. This outbreak raises concerns about vaccine effectiveness in this preschool age group and reinforces the idea that recent pertussis vaccination should not dissuade physicians from diagnosing, testing, or treating persons with compatible illness for pertussis. C1 [Matthias, James; Pritchard, P. Scott; Dusek, Cristina; Cathey, Erika] Florida Dept Hlth, 4042 Bald Cypress Way,Bin A-08, Tallahassee, FL 32399 USA. [Martin, Stacey W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [D'Alessio, Rebecca; Kirsch, Marjorie] Florida Dept Hlth Leon Cty, Tallahassee, FL USA. RP Matthias, J (reprint author), Florida Dept Hlth, 4042 Bald Cypress Way,Bin A-08, Tallahassee, FL 32399 USA.; Matthias, J (reprint author), Florida Dept Hlth, Bur Communicable Dis, 4042 Bald Cypress Way,Bin A-08, Tallahassee, FL 32399 USA. EM james.matthias@flhealth.gov FU Epidemiology Laboratory and Capacity Cooperative Agreement; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This study was supported by an Epidemiology Laboratory and Capacity Cooperative Agreement with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD FEB PY 2016 VL 22 IS 2 BP 242 EP 246 DI 10.3201/eid2202.150325 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DC1HX UT WOS:000368968500010 PM 26814429 ER PT J AU von Mollendorf, C Cohen, C Tempia, S Meiring, S de Gouveia, L Quan, V Lengana, S Karstaedt, A Dawood, H Seetharam, S Lekalakala, R Madhi, SA Klugman, KP von Gottberg, A AF von Mollendorf, Claire Cohen, Cheryl Tempia, Stefano Meiring, Susan de Gouveia, Linda Quan, Vanessa Lengana, Sarona Karstaedt, Alan Dawood, Halima Seetharam, Sharona Lekalakala, Ruth Madhi, Shabir A. Klugman, Keith P. von Gottberg, Anne CA Group Enteric Resp & Meningeal Dis TI Epidemiology of Serotype 1 Invasive Pneumococcal Disease, South Africa, 2003-2013 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; CONJUGATE VACCINE; CHILDREN; SURVEILLANCE; CLONES; GAMBIA; IMPACT; NEED AB In South Africa, 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) was introduced in April 2009 and replaced with 13-valent PCV in April 2011. We describe the epidemiology of serotype 1 Streptococcus pneumoniae disease during the pre- and post-PCV eras (2003-2013). Using laboratory based invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) surveillance, we calculated annual incidences, identified IPD clusters, and determined serotype 1 associated factors. Of 46,483 IPD cases, 4,544 (10%) were caused by serotype 1. Two clusters of serotype 1 infection were detected during 20032004 and 2008-2012, but incidence decreased after 2011. Among children <5 years of age, those who had non serotype 1 IPD had shorter hospital stays, fewer cases of penicillin-nonsusceptible disease, and lower HIV prevalence and in-hospital death rates than did those with serotype 1 IPD; similar factors were noted for older patients. Serotype 1 IPD had distinctive clinical features in South Africa, and annual incidences fluctuated, with decreases noted after the introduction of PCV13. C1 [von Mollendorf, Claire; Cohen, Cheryl; Tempia, Stefano; Meiring, Susan; de Gouveia, Linda; Quan, Vanessa; Lengana, Sarona; Madhi, Shabir A.; Klugman, Keith P.; von Gottberg, Anne] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Johannesburg, South Africa. [von Mollendorf, Claire; Cohen, Cheryl; Karstaedt, Alan; Seetharam, Sharona; Madhi, Shabir A.; von Gottberg, Anne] Univ Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Tempia, Stefano] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tempia, Stefano] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Pretoria, South Africa. [Karstaedt, Alan; Seetharam, Sharona] Chris Hani Baragwanath Acad Hosp, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Dawood, Halima] Pietermaritzburg Metropolitan Hosp, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. [Dawood, Halima] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. [Seetharam, Sharona] Natl Hlth Lab Serv, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Lekalakala, Ruth] Natl Hlth Lab Serv, Polokwane, South Africa. [Lekalakala, Ruth] Univ Limpopo, Polokwane, South Africa. Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP von Mollendorf, C (reprint author), Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Ctr Resp Dis & Meningitis, 1 Modderfontein Rd, ZA-2193 Gauteng, South Africa. EM clairevm@nicd.ac.za FU NICD/National Health Laboratory Service, South Africa; PEPFAR (President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief) through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) [5U2GPS001328]; Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation, Accelerated Vaccine Introduction Initiative Special Studies Team; Pfizer; GlaxoSmithKline; Novartis; Mylan; Sanofi Pasteur FX This study was supported by NICD/National Health Laboratory Service, South Africa; PEPFAR (President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief) through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (cooperative agreement No. 5U2GPS001328); and the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation, Accelerated Vaccine Introduction Initiative Special Studies Team.; C.vM. has received honoraria from Pfizer. A.vG. has received research funding from Pfizer. S.A.M. has received honoraria from GlaxoSmithKline, Pfizer, and Sanofi Pasteur, and research funding from GlaxoSmithKline, Pfizer, and Novartis. H.D. has received honoraria from Novartis, Pfizer, Merck & Co., Inc. and a travel grant from Mylan. C.C. has received research funding from Pfizer and Sanofi Pasteur. NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD FEB PY 2016 VL 22 IS 2 BP 261 EP 270 DI 10.3201/eid2202.150967 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DC1HX UT WOS:000368968500013 PM 26812214 ER PT J AU Janvier, F Delaune, D Poyot, T Valade, E Merens, A Rollin, PE Foissaud, V AF Janvier, Frederic Delaune, Deborah Poyot, Thomas Valade, Eric Merens, Audrey Rollin, Pierre E. Foissaud, Vincent TI Ebola Virus RNA Stability in Human Blood and Urine in West Africa's Environmental Conditions SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; OUTBREAK; PCR; DIAGNOSIS; SURFACES AB We evaluated RNA stability of Ebola virus in EDTA blood and urine samples collected from infected patients and stored in West Africa's environmental conditions. In blood, RNA was stable for at least 18 days when initial cycle threshold values were <30, but in urine, RNA degradation occurred more quickly. C1 [Janvier, Frederic] Hop Instruct Armees St Anne, F-83800 Toulon, France. [Janvier, Frederic; Delaune, Deborah; Foissaud, Vincent] Ctr Traitement Soignants, Conakry, Guinea. [Delaune, Deborah; Merens, Audrey] Hop Instruct Armees Begin, St Mande, France. [Poyot, Thomas; Valade, Eric] Inst Rech Biomed Armees, Bretigny Sur Orge, France. [Rollin, Pierre E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Foissaud, Vincent] Hop Instruct Armees Percy, Clamart, France. RP Janvier, F (reprint author), Hop Instruct Armees St Anne, F-83800 Toulon, France.; Janvier, F (reprint author), Ctr Traitement Soignants, Conakry, Guinea.; Janvier, F (reprint author), St Anne Mil Teaching Hosp Lab, 2 Blvd St Anne,BP 20545, F-83041 Toulon 09, France. EM janvierfred@hotmail.com FU French Military Health Service FX This study was supported by the French Military Health Service. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 15 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD FEB PY 2016 VL 22 IS 2 BP 292 EP 294 DI 10.3201/eid2202.151395 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DC1HX UT WOS:000368968500020 PM 26812135 ER PT J AU Chancellor, JR Padmanabhan, SP Greenough, TC Sacra, R Ellison, RT Madoff, LC Droms, RJ Hinkle, DM Asdourian, GK Finberg, RW Stroher, U Uyeki, TM Ceron, OM AF Chancellor, John R. Padmanabhan, Sriranjani P. Greenough, Thomas C. Sacra, Richard Ellison, Richard T., III Madoff, Lawrence C. Droms, Rebecca J. Hinkle, David M. Asdourian, George K. Finberg, Robert W. Stroher, Ute Uyeki, Timothy M. Ceron, Olga M. TI Uveitis and Systemic Inflammatory Markers in Convalescent Phase of Ebola Virus Disease SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID KIKWIT; CONGO; PERSISTENCE; EPIDEMIC AB We report a case of probable Zaire Ebola virus related ophthalmologic complications in a physician from the United States who contracted Ebola virus disease in Liberia. Uveitis, immune activation, and nonspecific increase in antibody titers developed during convalescence. This case highlights immune phenomena that could complicate management of Ebola virus disease related uveitis during convalescence. C1 [Chancellor, John R.; Padmanabhan, Sriranjani P.; Greenough, Thomas C.; Sacra, Richard; Ellison, Richard T., III; Madoff, Lawrence C.; Droms, Rebecca J.; Hinkle, David M.; Asdourian, George K.; Finberg, Robert W.; Ceron, Olga M.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, 281 Lincoln St,3rd Floor, Worcester, MA 01605 USA. [Madoff, Lawrence C.] Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [Stroher, Ute; Uyeki, Timothy M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Ceron, OM (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, 281 Lincoln St,3rd Floor, Worcester, MA 01605 USA.; Ceron, OM (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, UMass Mem Eye Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, 281 Lincoln St,3rd Floor, Worcester, MA 01605 USA. EM olga.ceron@umassmemorial.org NR 11 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 8 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD FEB PY 2016 VL 22 IS 2 BP 295 EP 297 DI 10.3201/eid2202.151416 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DC1HX UT WOS:000368968500021 PM 26812218 ER PT J AU Williams, MM Sen, KA Weigand, MR Skoff, TH Cunningham, VA Halse, TA Tondella, ML AF Williams, Margaret M. Sen, Kathryn A. Weigand, Michael R. Skoff, Tami H. Cunningham, Victoria A. Halse, Tanya A. Tondella, M. Lucia CA CDC Pertussis Working Grp TI Bordetella pertussis Strain Lacking Pertactin and Pertussis Toxin SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID REAL-TIME PCR; UNITED-STATES; SEQUENCES; DIVERSITY AB A Bordetella pertussis strain lacking 2 acellular vaccine immunogens, pertussis toxin and pertactin, was isolated from an unvaccinated infant in New York State in 2013. Comparison with a French strain that was pertussis toxin deficient, pertactin wild-type showed that the strains carry the same 28-kb deletion in similar genomes. C1 [Williams, Margaret M.; Weigand, Michael R.; Skoff, Tami H.; Tondella, M. Lucia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Sen, Kathryn A.] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY USA. [Cunningham, Victoria A.] Livingston Cty Hlth Dept, Mt Morris, NY USA. [Halse, Tanya A.] Wadsworth Ctr, Albany, NY USA. RP Williams, MM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM MWilliams7@cdc.gov OI Weigand, Michael/0000-0002-7278-0160 FU CDC as part of its Advanced Molecular Detection Initiative FX Funding for genome sequencing was provided internally by CDC as part of its Advanced Molecular Detection Initiative. NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 7 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD FEB PY 2016 VL 22 IS 2 BP 319 EP 322 DI 10.3201/eid2202.151332 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DC1HX UT WOS:000368968500029 PM 26812174 ER PT J AU de Wit, E Falzarano, D Onyango, C Rosenke, K Marzi, A Ochieng, M Juma, B Fischer, RJ Prescott, JB Safronetz, D Omballa, V Owuor, C Hoenen, T Groseth, A van Doremalen, N Zemtsova, G Self, J Bushmaker, T McNally, K Rowe, T Emery, SL Feldmann, F Williamson, B Nyenswah, TG Grolla, A Strong, JE Kobinger, G Stroeher, U Rayfield, M Bolay, FK Zoon, KC Stassijns, J Tampellini, L de Smet, M Nichol, ST Fields, B Sprecher, A Feldmann, H Massaquoi, M Munster, VJ AF de Wit, Emmie Falzarano, Darryl Onyango, Clayton Rosenke, Kyle Marzi, Andrea Ochieng, Melvin Juma, Bonventure Fischer, Robert J. Prescott, Joseph B. Safronetz, David Omballa, Victor Owuor, Collins Hoenen, Thomas Groseth, Allison van Doremalen, Neeltje Zemtsova, Galina Self, Joshua Bushmaker, Trenton McNally, Kristin Rowe, Thomas Emery, Shannon L. Feldmann, Friederike Williamson, Brandi Nyenswah, Tolbert G. Grolla, Allen Strong, James E. Kobinger, Gary Stroeher, Ute Rayfield, Mark Bolay, Fatorma K. Zoon, Kathryn C. Stassijns, Jorgen Tampellini, Livia de Smet, Martin Nichol, Stuart T. Fields, Barry Sprecher, Armand Feldmann, Heinz Massaquoi, Moses Munster, Vincent J. TI The Merits of Malaria Diagnostics during an Ebola Virus Disease Outbreak SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID INFECTIONS; RISK; PCR AB Malaria is a major public health concern in the countries affected by the Ebola virus disease epidemic in West Africa. We determined the feasibility of using molecular malaria diagnostics during an Ebola virus disease outbreak and report the incidence of Plasmodium spp. parasitemia in persons with suspected Ebola virus infection. C1 [de Wit, Emmie; Falzarano, Darryl; Rosenke, Kyle; Marzi, Andrea; Fischer, Robert J.; Prescott, Joseph B.; Safronetz, David; Hoenen, Thomas; Groseth, Allison; van Doremalen, Neeltje; Bushmaker, Trenton; McNally, Kristin; Feldmann, Friederike; Williamson, Brandi; Feldmann, Heinz; Munster, Vincent J.] NIH, Hamilton, MT USA. [Onyango, Clayton; Juma, Bonventure; Fields, Barry] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Nairobi, Kenya. [Ochieng, Melvin; Omballa, Victor; Owuor, Collins] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Nairobi, Kenya. [Zemtsova, Galina; Self, Joshua; Rowe, Thomas; Emery, Shannon L.; Stroeher, Ute; Rayfield, Mark; Nichol, Stuart T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nyenswah, Tolbert G.; Massaquoi, Moses] Minist Hlth & Social Welf, Monrovia, Liberia. [Safronetz, David; Grolla, Allen; Strong, James E.; Kobinger, Gary] Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. [Bolay, Fatorma K.] Liberian Inst Biomed Res, Charlesville, Liberia. [Zoon, Kathryn C.] NIH, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Stassijns, Jorgen; Tampellini, Livia; de Smet, Martin; Sprecher, Armand] Med Sans Frontieres, Brussels, Belgium. [Falzarano, Darryl] Univ Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. [Hoenen, Thomas; Groseth, Allison] Friedrich Loeffler Inst, Greifswald, Germany. RP Munster, VJ (reprint author), NIH, Virol Lab, 903 S 4th St, Hamilton, MT 59840 USA. EM vincent.munster@nih.gov OI Hoenen, Thomas/0000-0002-5829-6305; de Wit, Emmie/0000-0002-9763-7758; Munster, Vincent/0000-0002-2288-3196 FU Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH FX This work was funded in part by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH. NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD FEB PY 2016 VL 22 IS 2 BP 323 EP 326 DI 10.3201/eid2202.151656 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DC1HX UT WOS:000368968500030 PM 26814608 ER PT J AU Hoenen, T Groseth, A Rosenke, K Fischer, RJ Hoenen, A Judson, SD Martellaro, C Falzarano, D Marzi, A Squires, RB Wollenberg, KR de Wit, E Prescott, J Safronetz, D van Doremalen, N Bushmaker, T Feldmann, F McNally, K Bolay, FK Fields, B Sealy, T Rayfield, M Nichol, ST Zoon, KC Massaquoi, M Munster, VJ Feldmann, H AF Hoenen, Thomas Groseth, Allison Rosenke, Kyle Fischer, Robert J. Hoenen, Andreas Judson, Seth D. Martellaro, Cynthia Falzarano, Darryl Marzi, Andrea Squires, R. Burke Wollenberg, Kurt R. de Wit, Emmie Prescott, Joseph Safronetz, David van Doremalen, Neeltje Bushmaker, Trenton Feldmann, Friederike McNally, Kristin Bolay, Fatorma K. Fields, Barry Sealy, Tara Rayfield, Mark Nichol, Stuart T. Zoon, Kathryn C. Massaquoi, Moses Munster, Vincent J. Feldmann, Heinz TI Nanopore Sequencing as a Rapidly Deployable Ebola Outbreak Tool SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID VIRUS; TRANSMISSION; LIBERIA AB Rapid sequencing of RNA/DNA from pathogen samples obtained during disease outbreaks provides critical scientific and public health information. However, challenges exist for exporting samples to laboratories or establishing conventional sequencers in remote outbreak regions. We successfully used a novel, pocket-sized nanopore sequencer at a field diagnostic laboratory in Liberia during the current Ebola virus outbreak. C1 [Hoenen, Thomas; Groseth, Allison] Friedrich Loeffler Inst, Sudufer 10, D-17493 Greifswald, Germany. [Hoenen, Thomas; Groseth, Allison; Rosenke, Kyle; Fischer, Robert J.; Judson, Seth D.; Martellaro, Cynthia; Falzarano, Darryl; Marzi, Andrea; de Wit, Emmie; Prescott, Joseph; Safronetz, David; van Doremalen, Neeltje; Bushmaker, Trenton; Feldmann, Friederike; McNally, Kristin; Munster, Vincent J.; Feldmann, Heinz] NIH, Hamilton, MT USA. [Falzarano, Darryl] Univ Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. [Squires, R. Burke; Wollenberg, Kurt R.; Zoon, Kathryn C.] NIH, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Bolay, Fatorma K.] Liberian Inst Biomed Res, Charles Ville, Liberia. [Fields, Barry; Sealy, Tara; Rayfield, Mark; Nichol, Stuart T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Massaquoi, Moses] Minist Hlth & Social Welf, Monrovia, Liberia. RP Hoenen, T (reprint author), Friedrich Loeffler Inst, Sudufer 10, D-17493 Greifswald, Germany. EM thomas.hoenen@fli.bund.de OI Squires, R Burke/0000-0001-9666-6285; Hoenen, Thomas/0000-0002-5829-6305; de Wit, Emmie/0000-0002-9763-7758; Munster, Vincent/0000-0002-2288-3196 FU Intramural Research Program of NIH, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases FX This work was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of NIH, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, and used the high-performance computational capabilities of the Biowulf Linux cluster at NIH (http://biowulf.nih.gov). The complete genome sequences reported in this manuscript were deposited in GenBank under the accession numbers KR074996.1-KR075003.1 and the nearly complete sequences under accession numbers KU042954 and KU042955. NR 15 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 8 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD FEB PY 2016 VL 22 IS 2 BP 331 EP 334 DI 10.3201/eid2202.151796 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DC1HX UT WOS:000368968500032 PM 26812583 ER PT J AU Breedlove, B AF Breedlove, Byron TI Responding to Ebola through Visual Poetry SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Breedlove, Byron] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop C19, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Breedlove, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop C19, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM wbbl@cdc.gov OI Breedlove, Byron/0000-0002-1026-1963 NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD FEB PY 2016 VL 22 IS 2 BP 357 EP 358 DI 10.3201/eid2202.AC2202 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DC1HX UT WOS:000368968500046 PM 27158702 ER PT J AU Lee, GH Tan, BH Teo, ECY Lim, SG Dan, YY Wee, A Aw, PPK Zhu, Y Hibberd, ML Tan, CK Purdy, MA Teo, CG AF Lee, Guan-Huei Tan, Boon-Huan Teo, Esmeralda Chi-Yuan Lim, Seng-Gee Dan, Yock-Young Wee, Aileen Aw, Pauline Poh Kim Zhu, Yuan Hibberd, Martin Lloyd Tan, Chee-Kiat Purdy, Michael A. Teo, Chong-Gee TI Chronic Infection With Camelid Hepatitis E Virus in a Liver Transplant Recipient Who Regularly Consumes Camel Meat and Milk SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Case Study; Liver Disease; Zoonosis; Viral Infection ID EPIDEMIOLOGY AB There have been increasing reports of food-borne zoonotic transmission of hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotype 3, which causes chronic infections in immunosuppressed patients. We performed phylogenetic analyses of the HEV sequence (partial and full-length) from 1 patient from the Middle East who underwent liver transplantation, and compared it with other orthohepevirus A sequences. We found the patient to be infected by camelid HEV. This patient regularly consumed camel meat and milk, therefore camelid HEV, which is genotype 7, might infect human beings. Our finding links consumption of camel-derived food products to post-transplantation hepatitis E, which, if detected at early stages, can be cured with antiviral therapy and reduced administration of immunosuppressive agents. C1 [Lee, Guan-Huei; Lim, Seng-Gee; Dan, Yock-Young; Wee, Aileen] Natl Univ Singapore, Yong Loo Lin Sch Med, Singapore 117595, Singapore. [Tan, Boon-Huan] Natl Univ Singapore, Saw Swee Hock Sch Publ Hlth, Singapore 117548, Singapore. [Lee, Guan-Huei; Lim, Seng-Gee; Dan, Yock-Young] Natl Univ Hlth Syst, Dept Med, Singapore, Singapore. [Wee, Aileen] Natl Univ Hlth Syst, Dept Pathol, Singapore, Singapore. [Lee, Guan-Huei; Lim, Seng-Gee; Dan, Yock-Young] Natl Univ Singapore Hosp, Natl Univ Ctr Organ Transplantat, Singapore, Singapore. [Teo, Esmeralda Chi-Yuan] Singapore Gen Hosp, Dept Hematol, Singapore, Singapore. [Tan, Chee-Kiat] Singapore Gen Hosp, Dept Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Singapore, Singapore. [Aw, Pauline Poh Kim; Zhu, Yuan; Hibberd, Martin Lloyd] Genome Inst Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. [Hibberd, Martin Lloyd] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1, England. [Tan, Chee-Kiat] Duke NUS Grad Med Sch, Singapore, Singapore. [Purdy, Michael A.; Teo, Chong-Gee] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lee, GH (reprint author), 1E Kent Ridge Rd,NUHS Tower Block,Level 10, Singapore 119228, Singapore. EM mdcleegh@nus.edu.sg OI Zhu, Yuan/0000-0001-9419-6291; Hibberd, Martin/0000-0001-8587-1849 NR 11 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 5 U2 19 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 EI 1528-0012 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD FEB PY 2016 VL 150 IS 2 BP 355 EP + DI 10.1053/j.gastro.2015.10.048 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA DB6MU UT WOS:000368629900022 PM 26551551 ER PT J AU Nguyen, DB Gutowski, J Ghiselli, M Cheng, T Hamdounia, SB Suryaprasad, A Xu, FJ Moulton-Meissner, H Hayden, T Forbi, JC Xia, GL Arduino, MJ Patel, A Patel, PR AF Nguyen, Duc B. Gutowski, Jennifer Ghiselli, Margherita Cheng, Tabitha Hamdounia, Shadia Bel Suryaprasad, Anil Xu, Fujie Moulton-Meissner, Heather Hayden, Tonya Forbi, Joseph C. Xia, Guo-Liang Arduino, Matthew J. Patel, Ami Patel, Priti R. TI A Large Outbreak of Hepatitis C Virus Infections in a Hemodialysis Clinic SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; TRANSMISSION; PRECAUTIONS; PREVALENCE; GUIDELINES AB BACKGROUND. In November and December 2012, 6 patients at a hemodialysis clinic were given a diagnosis of new hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. OBJECTIVE. To investigate the outbreak to identify risk factors for transmission. METHODS. A case patient was defined as a patient who was HCV-antibody negative on clinic admission but subsequently was found to be HCV-antibody positive from January 1, 2008, through April 30, 2013. Patient charts were reviewed to identify and describe case patients. The hypervariable region 1 of HCV from infected patients was tested to assess viral genetic relatedness. Infection control practices were evaluated via observations. A forensic chemiluminescent agent was used to identify blood contamination on environmental surfaces after cleaning. RESULTS. Eighteen case patients were identified at the clinic from January 1, 2008, through April 30, 2013, resulting in an estimated 16.7% attack rate. Analysis of HCV quasispecies identified 4 separate clusters of transmission involving 11 case patients. The case patients and previously infected patients in each cluster were treated in neighboring dialysis stations during the same shift, or at the same dialysis station on 2 consecutive shifts. Lapses in infection control were identified. Visible and invisible blood was identified on multiple surfaces at the clinic. CONCLUSIONS. Epidemiologic and laboratory data confirmed transmission of HCV among numerous patients at the dialysis clinic over 6 years. Infection control breaches were likely responsible. This outbreak highlights the importance of rigorous adherence to recommended infection control practices in dialysis settings. C1 [Nguyen, Duc B.; Moulton-Meissner, Heather; Arduino, Matthew J.; Patel, Priti R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Gutowski, Jennifer; Ghiselli, Margherita; Hamdounia, Shadia Bel; Patel, Ami] Philadelphia Dept Publ Hlth, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Cheng, Tabitha] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC Experience Appl Epidemiol Fellowship Sci Educ, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Suryaprasad, Anil; Xu, Fujie; Hayden, Tonya; Forbi, Joseph C.; Xia, Guo-Liang] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Patel, Ami] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Nguyen, DB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd MS-A35, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM vif8@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 25 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 2 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0899-823X EI 1559-6834 J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 37 IS 2 BP 125 EP 133 DI 10.1017/ice.2015.247 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DC3WT UT WOS:000369150400002 PM 26573412 ER PT J AU Hota, B Malpiedi, P Fridkin, SK Martin, J Trick, W AF Hota, Bala Malpiedi, Paul Fridkin, Scott K. Martin, John Trick, William CA CDC Prevention Epictr Program TI Probabilistic Measurement of Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CARE-ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS; SURVEILLANCE DEFINITION; QUALITY MEASUREMENT; RATES AB OBJECTIVE. To develop a probabilistic method for measuring central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) rates that reduces the variability associated with traditional, manual methods of applying CLABSI surveillance definitions. DESIGN. Multicenter retrospective cohort study of bacteremia episodes among patients hospitalized in adult patient-care units; the study evaluated presence of CLABSI. SETTING. Hospitals that used SafetySurveillor software system (Premier) and who also reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN). PATIENTS. Patients were identified from a stratified sample from all eligible blood culture isolates from all eligible hospital units to generate a final set with an equal distribution (ie, 20%) from each unit type. Units were divided a priori into 5 major groups: medical intensive care unit, surgical intensive care unit, medical-surgical intensive care unit, hematology unit, or general medical wards. INTERVENTIONS. Episodes were reviewed by 2 experts, and a selection of discordant reviews were re-reviewed. Data were joined with NHSN data for hospitals for in-plan months. A predictive model was created; model performance was assessed using the c statistic in a validation set and comparison with NHSN reported rates for in-plan months. RESULTS. A final model was created with predictors of CLABSI. The c statistic for the final model was 0.75 (0.68-0.80). Rates from regression modeling correlated better with expert review than NHSN-reported rates. CONCLUSION. The use of a regression model based on the clinical characteristics of the bacteremia outperformed traditional infection preventionist surveillance compared with an expert-derived reference standard. C1 [Hota, Bala] Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Malpiedi, Paul; Fridkin, Scott K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Dis, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Martin, John] Premier Res Inst, Washington, DC USA. [Trick, William] Cook Cty Hlth & Hosp Syst, Collaborat Res Unit, Chicago, IL USA. RP Hota, B (reprint author), Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Internal Med, Off 364,1700 W Van Buren St, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. EM Bala_hota@rush.edu FU Chicago Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Prevention Epicenter (Cook County Health & Hospital System and Rush University Medical Center); CDC's Prevention Epicenters Program; [GS-10F-0182T] FX Cooperative agreement between the CDC and the Chicago Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Prevention Epicenter (Cook County Health & Hospital System and Rush University Medical Center), part of the CDC's Prevention Epicenters Program (W.T., B.H.); CDC contractual support with University Research (contract GS-10F-0182T) for expert medical chart reviews. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0899-823X EI 1559-6834 J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 37 IS 2 BP 149 EP 155 DI 10.1017/ice.2015.255 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DC3WT UT WOS:000369150400006 PM 26654731 ER PT J AU Nguyen, DB See, I Gualandi, N Shugart, A Lines, C Bamberg, W Dumyati, G Harrison, LH Dumyati, G Harrison, LH Lesher, L Nadle, J Petit, S Ray, SM Schaffner, W Townes, J Njord, L Sievert, D Thompson, ND Patel, PR AF Nguyen, Duc B. See, Isaac Gualandi, Nicole Shugart, Alicia Lines, Christi Bamberg, Wendy Dumyati, Ghinwa Harrison, Lee H. Dumyati, Ghinwa Harrison, Lee H. Lesher, Lindsey Nadle, Joelle Petit, Susan Ray, Susan M. Schaffner, William Townes, John Njord, Levi Sievert, Dawn Thompson, Nicola D. Patel, Priti R. TI Completeness of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Infection Reporting From Outpatient Hemodialysis Facilities to the National Healthcare Safety Network, 2013 SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SURVEILLANCE AB Reports of bloodstream infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among chronic hemodialysis patients to 2 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention surveillance systems (National Healthcare Safety Network Dialysis Event and Emerging Infections Program) were compared to evaluate completeness of reporting. Many methicillin-resistant S. aureus bloodstream infections identified in hospitals were not reported to National Healthcare Safety Network Dialysis Event. C1 [Nguyen, Duc B.; See, Isaac; Gualandi, Nicole; Shugart, Alicia; Lines, Christi; Sievert, Dawn; Thompson, Nicola D.; Patel, Priti R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Gualandi, Nicole] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bamberg, Wendy] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Dumyati, Ghinwa] Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Harrison, Lee H.] Maryland Emerging Infect Program, Baltimore, MD USA. [Harrison, Lee H.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Lesher, Lindsey] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Nadle, Joelle] Calif Emerging Infect Program, Oakland, CA USA. [Petit, Susan] Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth, Hartford, CT USA. [Ray, Susan M.] Georgia Emerging Infect Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ray, Susan M.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schaffner, William] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Townes, John] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Njord, Levi] DaVita Healthcare Partners, Denver, CO USA. RP Nguyen, DB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd MS-A35, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM vif8@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's EIP Cooperative Agreement [CA: U50CK000201, CO: U50CK000194, CT: U50CK000195, GA: U50CK000196, MD: U50CK000203, MN: U50CK000204, NY: U50CK000199, OR: U50CK000197, TN: U50CK000198] FX Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's EIP Cooperative Agreement (CA: U50CK000201, CO: U50CK000194, CT: U50CK000195, GA: U50CK000196, MD: U50CK000203, MN: U50CK000204, NY: U50CK000199, OR: U50CK000197, TN: U50CK000198). NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0899-823X EI 1559-6834 J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 37 IS 2 BP 205 EP 207 DI 10.1017/ice.2015.265 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DC3WT UT WOS:000369150400013 PM 26554448 ER PT J AU Dolan, SB Kalayil, EJ Lindley, MC Ahmed, F AF Dolan, Samantha B. Kalayil, Elizabeth J. Lindley, Megan C. Ahmed, Faruque TI Evaluation of the First Year of National Reporting on a New Healthcare Personnel Influenza Vaccination Performance Measure by US Hospitals SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RATES AB One thousand hospitals were surveyed on a new measure of healthcare personnel influenza vaccination for the 2012-2013 influenza season. Facilities found it easier to collect data on employees than nonemployees; larger facilities reported more challenges than smaller facilities. Barriers may decrease over time as facilities become accustomed to the measure. C1 [Dolan, Samantha B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC, Global Immunizat Div, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kalayil, Elizabeth J.; Lindley, Megan C.] CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kalayil, Elizabeth J.] Carter Consulting, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ahmed, Faruque] CDC, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div Sexually Transmitted Dis Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Dolan, SB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A 04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM uzn7@cdc.gov FU CDC [U36/CCU300430]; Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health FX CDC (cooperative agreement U36/CCU300430) and the Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health (salary support to S.B.D.). NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0899-823X EI 1559-6834 J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 37 IS 2 BP 222 EP 225 DI 10.1017/ice.2015.275 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DC3WT UT WOS:000369150400018 PM 26673572 ER PT J AU Simon, MS Weiss, D Geevarughese, A Kratz, MM Cutler, B Gulick, RM Zucker, JR Varma, JK Schackman, BR AF Simon, Matthew S. Weiss, Don Geevarughese, Anita Kratz, Molly M. Cutler, Blayne Gulick, Roy M. Zucker, Jane R. Varma, Jay K. Schackman, Bruce R. TI Cost-Effectiveness of Meningococcal Vaccination Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in New York City SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE Neisseria meningitidis; cost-effectiveness; men who have sex with men; invasive meningococcal disease; meningococcal vaccination ID C CONJUGATE VACCINATION; UNITED-STATES; HERD-IMMUNITY; LIFE EXPECTANCY; DISEASE; HIV; HEALTH; RECOMMENDATIONS; IMMUNOGENICITY; COMPLICATIONS AB Background:To control an outbreak of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) among men who have sex with men (MSM) in New York City, the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene recommended vaccination of all HIV-infected MSM and at-risk HIV-uninfected MSM in October 2012.Methods:A decision-analytic model estimated the cost-effectiveness of meningococcal vaccination compared with no vaccination. Model inputs, including IMD incidence of 20.5 per 100,000 HIV-positive MSM (42% fatal) and 7.6 per 100,000 HIV-negative MSM (20% fatal), were from Department of Health and Mental Hygiene reported data and published sources. Outcomes included costs (2012 US dollars), IMD cases averted, IMD deaths averted, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs; $/QALY). Scenarios with and without herd immunity were considered, and sensitivity analyses were performed on key inputs.Results:Compared with no vaccination, the targeted vaccination campaign averted an estimated 2.7 IMD cases, 1.0 IMD deaths, with an ICER of $66,000/QALY when herd immunity was assumed. Without herd immunity, vaccination prevented 1.1 IMD cases, 0.4 IMD deaths, with an ICER of $177,000/QALY. In one-way sensitivity analyses, variables that exerted the greatest influence on results in order of effect were the magnitude of herd immunity, IMD case fatality ratio, and IMD incidence. In probabilistic sensitivity analyses, at a cost-effectiveness threshold of $100,000/QALY, vaccination was preferred in 97% of simulations with herd immunity and 20% of simulations without herd immunity.Conclusions:Vaccination during an IMD outbreak among MSM with and without HIV infection was projected to avert IMD cases and deaths and could be cost-effective depending on IMD incidence, case fatality, and herd immunity. C1 [Simon, Matthew S.; Gulick, Roy M.; Schackman, Bruce R.] Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Med, 525 East 68th St,Box 130, New York, NY 10065 USA. [Simon, Matthew S.; Schackman, Bruce R.] Weill Cornell Med Coll, Healthcare Policy & Res, New York, NY 10065 USA. [Weiss, Don; Geevarughese, Anita; Kratz, Molly M.; Cutler, Blayne; Zucker, Jane R.; Varma, Jay K.] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. [Cutler, Blayne] Publ Hlth Fdn Enterprises, La Puente, CA USA. [Zucker, Jane R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis Immunizat Serv Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Simon, MS (reprint author), Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Med, 525 East 68th St,Box 130, New York, NY 10065 USA. EM mss9008@med.cornell.edu NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1525-4135 EI 1077-9450 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD FEB 1 PY 2016 VL 71 IS 2 BP 146 EP 154 DI 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000822 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DB8YU UT WOS:000368803900004 PM 26334735 ER PT J AU Jabeen, K Kumar, H Farooqi, J Mehboob, R Brandt, ME Zafar, A AF Jabeen, Kauser Kumar, Haresh Farooqi, Joveria Mehboob, Raunaq Brandt, Mary E. Zafar, Afia TI Agreement of Direct Antifungal Susceptibility Testing from Positive Blood Culture Bottles with the Conventional Method for Candida Species SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EPIDEMIOLOGIC CUTOFF VALUES; INVASIVE CANDIDIASIS; MIC DISTRIBUTIONS; UNITED-STATES; INFECTION; FUNGEMIA; OUTCOMES; THERAPY; YEAST; ETEST AB Early availability of antifungal susceptibilities can ensure timely institution of targeted therapy in candidemia, which can improve patient outcomes. This study prospectively determines the agreement between the results of direct testing of antifungal susceptibilities from blood culture bottles by disk diffusion and Etest and the results of standardized susceptibility testing methods; direct testing would allow susceptibility results to be available 1 to 2 days earlier. A total of 104 blood cultures with different Candida species (28% C. albicans, 27% C. parapsilosis, 26% C. tropicalis, etc.) were evaluated between January 2012 and May 2013 for agreement of fluconazole, voriconazole, and amphotericin B susceptibility results by disk diffusion. Agreement in MICs obtained by Etest was determined for fluconazole (21 isolates), voriconazole (28 isolates), amphotericin (29 isolates), and caspofungin (29 isolates). The kappa scores for categorical agreement were highest for fluconazole by disk diffusion (0.902, standard error [SE] -0.076) and Etest (1.00, SE = 0.218) and for amphotericin B by disk diffusion (1.00, SE = 0.098). The Pearson correlation (r) of zone diameters was strongest for fluconazole (0.69) and amphotericin (0.70) and moderate for voriconazole (0.60), and the Pearson correlation of MICs was strongest for fluconazole (0.94) and caspofungin (0.88). However, the moderate correlation of amphotericin MICs with zone diameters (-0.42) precludes the use of amphotericin B disk diffusion for susceptibility testing. There were no very major errors; however, there were 1 (1%) major and 5 (4.8%) minor errors with disk diffusion and 4 (13.3%) minor errors with Etest. Thus, antifungal disk diffusion directly from blood culture bottles is a rapid and easy method for fluconazole and voriconazole susceptibility testing for timely tailoring of candidemia therapy. C1 [Jabeen, Kauser; Kumar, Haresh; Farooqi, Joveria; Mehboob, Raunaq; Zafar, Afia] Aga Khan Univ, Sect Microbiol Pathol & Lab Med, Karachi, Pakistan. [Brandt, Mary E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Jabeen, K (reprint author), Aga Khan Univ, Sect Microbiol Pathol & Lab Med, Karachi, Pakistan. EM kausar.jabeen@aku.edu FU HECU.S. Bio-Engagement Program, USAID; Ministry of Science and Technology, Pakistan [4-338/PAK-US/HEC/2010/932] FX HECU.S. Bio-Engagement Program, USAID, and Ministry of Science and Technology, Pakistan provided funding to Afia Zafar, Mary E. Brandt, and Kauser Jabeen under grant number 4-338/PAK-US/HEC/2010/932. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 EI 1098-660X J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 54 IS 2 BP 343 EP 348 DI 10.1128/JCM.02432-15 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DC3YD UT WOS:000369155100016 PM 26607985 ER PT J AU Galula, JU Chang, GJJ Chuang, ST Chao, DY AF Galula, Jedhan U. Chang, Gwong-Jen J. Chuang, Shih-Te Chao, Day-Yu TI Establishment of an Algorithm Using prM/E- and NS1-Specific IgM Antibody-Capture Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays in Diagnosis of Japanese Encephalitis Virus and West Nile Virus Infections in Humans SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NONSTRUCTURAL PROTEIN NS1; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-M; UNITED-STATES; FLAVIVIRAL INFECTIONS; SOUTHEAST-ASIA; DIFFERENTIATION; SURVEILLANCE; SECRETION; PARTICLES; ENVELOPE AB The front-line assay for the presumptive serodiagnosis of acute Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) and West Nile virus (WNV) infections is the premembrane/envelope (prM/E)-specific IgM antibody-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (MACELISA). Due to antibody cross-reactivity, MAC-ELISA-positive samples may be confirmed with a time-consuming plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT). In the present study, we applied a previously developed anti-nonstructural protein 1 (NS1)-specific MAC-ELISA (NS1-MAC-ELISA) on archived acute-phase serum specimens from patients with confirmed JEV and WNV infections and compared the results with prM/E containing virus-like particle-specific MAC-ELISA (VLP-MAC-ELISA). Pairedreceiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses revealed no statistical differences in the overall assay performances of the VLP-and NS1-MAC-ELISAs. The two methods had high sensitivities of 100% but slightly lower specificities that ranged between 80% and 100%. When the NS1-MAC-ELISA was used to confirm positive results in the VLP-MAC-ELISA, the specificity of serodiagnosis, especially for JEV infection, was increased to 90% when applied in areas where JEV cocirculates with WNV, or to 100% when applied in areas that were endemic for JEV. The results also showed that using multiple antigens could resolve the cross-reactivity in the assays. Significantly higher positive-to-negative (P/N) values were consistently obtained with the homologous antigens than those with the heterologous antigens. JEV or WNV was reliably identified as the currently infecting flavivirus by a higher ratio of JEV-to-WNV P/N values or vice versa. In summary of the above-described results, the diagnostic algorithm combining the use of multiantigen VLP-and NS1-MAC-ELISAs was developed and can be practically applied to obtain a more specific and reliable result for the serodiagnosis of JEV and WNV infections without the need for PRNT. The developed algorithm should provide great utility in diagnostic and surveillance activities in which test accuracy is of utmost importance for effective disease intervention. C1 [Galula, Jedhan U.; Chuang, Shih-Te] Natl Chung Hsing Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Med, Taichung 40227, Taiwan. [Chang, Gwong-Jen J.] US Dept HHS, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Publ Hlth Serv, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Chao, Day-Yu] Natl Chung Hsing Univ, Coll Vet Med, Grad Inst Microbiol & Publ Hlth, Taichung 40227, Taiwan. RP Chuang, ST (reprint author), Natl Chung Hsing Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Med, Taichung 40227, Taiwan.; Chao, DY (reprint author), Natl Chung Hsing Univ, Coll Vet Med, Grad Inst Microbiol & Publ Hlth, Taichung 40227, Taiwan. EM stchuang@dragon.nchu.edu.tw; dychao@nchu.edu.tw FU National Science Council, Taiwan [98-2320-B-005-003-MY3, 101-2321-B-005-018-MY2] FX National Science Council, Taiwan provided funding to Day-Yu Chao under grant number 98-2320-B-005-003-MY3. National Science Council, Taiwan provided funding to Day-Yu Chao under grant number 101-2321-B-005-018-MY2. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 EI 1098-660X J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 54 IS 2 BP 412 EP 422 DI 10.1128/JCM.02469-15 PG 11 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DC3YD UT WOS:000369155100024 PM 26659204 ER PT J AU Pretorius, MA Tempia, S Walaza, S Cohen, AL Moyes, J Variava, E Dawood, H Seleka, M Hellferscee, O Treurnicht, F Cohen, C Venter, M AF Pretorius, Marthi A. Tempia, Stefano Walaza, Sibongile Cohen, Adam L. Moyes, Jocelyn Variava, Ebrahim Dawood, Halima Seleka, Mpho Hellferscee, Orienka Treurnicht, Florette Cohen, Cheryl Venter, Marietjie TI The role of influenza, RSV and other common respiratory viruses in severe acute respiratory infections and influenza-like illness in a population with a high HIV sero-prevalence, South Africa 2012-2015 SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Disease association; Respiratory virus infection; Severe acute respiratory illness; Influenza like illness; Controls; Pneumonia; HIV; South Africa ID COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-PCR; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; REQUIRING HOSPITALIZATION; RHINOVIRUS INFECTIONS; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; CHILDHOOD PNEUMONIA; VIRAL CULTURE; CHILDREN AB Background: Viruses detected in patients with acute respiratory infections may be the cause of illness or asymptomatic shedding. Objective: To estimate the attributable fraction (AF) and the detection rate attributable to illness for each of the different respiratory viruses Study design: We compared the prevalence of 10 common respiratory viruses (influenza A and B viruses, parainfluenza virus 1-3; respiratory syncytial virus (RSV); adenovirus, rhinovirus, human metapneumovirus (hMPV) and enterovirus) in both HIV positive and negative patients hospitalized with severe acute respiratory illness (SARI), outpatients with influenza-like illness (ILI), and control subjects who did not report any febrile, respiratory or gastrointestinal illness during 2012-2015 in South Africa. Results: We enrolled 1959 SARI, 3784 ILI and 1793 controls with a HIV sero-prevalence of 26%, 30% and 43%, respectively. Influenza virus (AF: 86.3%; 95%CI: 77.7-91.6%), hMPV (AF: 85.6%; 95%CI: 72.0-92.6%), and RSV (AF: 83.7%; 95%CI: 77.5-88.2%) infections were associated with severe disease., while rhinovirus (AF: 46.9%; 95%CI: 37.6-56.5%) and adenovirus (AF: 36.4%; 95%CI: 20.6-49.0%) were only moderately associated. Conclusions: Influenza, RSV and hMPV can be considered pathogens if detected in ILI and SARI while rhinovirus and adenovirus were commonly identified in controls suggesting that they may cause only a proportion of clinical disease observed in positive patients. Nonetheless, they may be important contributors to disease. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Pretorius, Marthi A.] Tshwane Acad Div, Natl Hlth Lab Serv, Tshwane, South Africa. [Pretorius, Marthi A.; Venter, Marietjie] Univ Pretoria, Dept Med Virol, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa. [Pretorius, Marthi A.; Walaza, Sibongile; Moyes, Jocelyn; Seleka, Mpho; Hellferscee, Orienka; Treurnicht, Florette; Cohen, Cheryl] Natl Hlth Lab Serv, Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Ctr Resp Dis & Meningitis, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Tempia, Stefano; Cohen, Adam L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tempia, Stefano; Cohen, Adam L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Program, Pretoria, South Africa. [Moyes, Jocelyn; Cohen, Cheryl] Univ Witwatersrand, Fac Hlth Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Variava, Ebrahim] Klerksdorp Tshepong Hosp, Dept Med, Klerksdorp, South Africa. [Variava, Ebrahim] Univ Witwatersrand, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Dawood, Halima] Pietermaritzburg Metropolitan Hosp, Dept Med, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. [Dawood, Halima] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Dept Med, Durban, South Africa. [Venter, Marietjie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Dis Detect, Pretoria, South Africa. RP Pretorius, MA (reprint author), Univ Pretoria, Dept Med Virol, Tshwane Acad Div, Natl Hlth Lab Serv, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa. EM marthi.pretorius@up.ac.za RI Venter, Marietjie/P-9604-2016; OI Venter, Marietjie/0000-0003-2696-824X; Pretorius, Marthi/0000-0003-2163-6158 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA [5U51/IP000155] FX Funding provided by co-operative agreement 5U51/IP000155 with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 EI 1873-5967 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 75 BP 21 EP 26 DI 10.1016/j.jcv.2015.12.004 PG 6 WC Virology SC Virology GA DB9ER UT WOS:000368819700005 PM 26741826 ER PT J AU Hayes, J Powell, N Lathrop, G Heneine, W Dobard, CW AF Hayes, James Powell, Nathaniel Lathrop, George Heneine, Walid Dobard, Charles W. TI Assessment of penile erection methods in rhesus macaques to model pharmacokinetics of antiretroviral drugs and penile infection with simian immunodeficiency virus SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PRIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Alprostadil; microbicides; penile vibratory stimulation; rectal electrostimulation; sildenafil citrate ID SILDENAFIL CITRATE; INTRACAVERNOUS INJECTION; HIV TRANSMISSION; ANIMAL-MODELS; PRIMATES; DYSFUNCTION; TENOFOVIR; EFFICACY; EJACULATION; PREVENTION AB BackgroundAn established macaque model to assess HIV interventions against penile transmission is currently not available. Physiological changes during penile erections may affect susceptibility to infection and drug pharmacokinetics (PK). Here, we identify methods to establish erections in macaques to evaluate penile transmission, PK, and efficacy under physiologic conditions. MethodsPenile rigidity and length were evaluated in eight rhesus macaques following rectal electrostimulation (RES), vibratory stimulation (VS), or pharmacological treatment with Sildenafil Citrate (Viagra) or Alprostadil. ResultsRectal electrostimulation treatment increased penile rigidity (>82%) and length (2.50.58cm), albeit the response was transient. In contrast, VS alone or coupled with Viagra or Alprostadil failed to elicit an erection response. ConclusionRectal electrostimulation treatment elicits transient but consistent penile erections in macaques. High rigidity following RES treatment demonstrates increased blood flow and may provide a functional model for penile PK evaluations and possibly simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) transmission under erect conditions. C1 [Hayes, James; Powell, Nathaniel; Lathrop, George] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Anim Resources Branch, Div Sci Resources, Natl Ctr Emerging Zoonot & Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Heneine, Walid; Dobard, Charles W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Branch Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Dobard, CW (reprint author), Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Branch Lab, 1600 Clifton Rd NE MS A25, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gok5@cdc.gov NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0047-2565 EI 1600-0684 J9 J MED PRIMATOL JI J. Med. Primatol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 45 IS 1 BP 34 EP 41 DI 10.1111/jmp.12207 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA DC2SM UT WOS:000369066600005 PM 26778321 ER PT J AU Alam, A Qureshi, SA Vinje, J Zaidi, A AF Alam, Amna Qureshi, Sohail A. Vinje, Jan Zaidi, Anita TI Genetic characterization of norovirus strains in hospitalized children from Pakistan SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE acute gastroenteritis; norovirus; genogroup I and II; co-infection; Pakistan ID NORWALK-LIKE VIRUSES; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; ACUTE DIARRHEA; GASTROENTERITIS; INFECTIONS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PREVALENCE; ROTAVIRUS; INDIA; DIVERSITY AB Norovirus is one of the most common causes of acute gastroenteritis among children in developing countries. No data on the prevalence and genetic variability of norovirus are available for Pakistan, where early childhood mortality due to acute gastroenteritis is common. We tested 255 fecal specimens from children under 5 years of age hospitalized between April 2006 and March 2008 with severe acute gastroenteritis in five hospitals in the four largest cities in Pakistan for norovirus by real-time RT-PCR. Positive samples were further genotyped by conventional RT-PCR targeting the 5-end of the capsid gene followed by sequencing of the positive PCR products. Overall, 41 (16.1%) samples tested positive for norovirus with an equal frequency in rotavirus-positive and rotavirus-negative samples. Nine (22%) samples were genogroup (G)I positive, 30 (73%) GII positive and two (5%) samples contained a mixture of GI and GII viruses. Sequence analyses demonstrated co-circulation of 14 norovirus genotypes including four GI genotypes (GI.3, GI.5, GI.7, GI.8) and 10 GII genotypes (GII.2, GII.3, GII.4, GII.5, GII.6, GII.7, GII.9, GII.13, GII.16, and GII.21). The most prevalent genotypes were GI.7 and GII.4 both causing 12.2% of the infections. This report confirms the presence of multiple norovirus genotypes in hospitalized children with acute gastroenteritis in Pakistan and a lack of clear predominance of GII.4 viruses. (c) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Alam, Amna; Zaidi, Anita] Aga Khan Univ Hosp, Dept Pediat & Child Hlth, Stadium Rd, Karachi 74800, Pakistan. [Qureshi, Sohail A.] Lahore Univ Management Sci, Dept Biol, Syed Babar Ali Sch Sci & Engn, Lahore, Pakistan. [Vinje, Jan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zaidi, Anita] Global Hlth Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn, Enter & Diarrheal Dis, North Seattle, WA USA. RP Alam, A (reprint author), Aga Khan Univ Hosp, Dept Pediat & Child Hlth, Stadium Rd, Karachi 74800, Pakistan. EM amna.alam@aku.edu OI Comail Alam, Amna/0000-0002-2721-707X FU National Institute of Health's Fogarty International Center [1 D43 TW007585-01] FX Grant sponsor: National Institute of Health's Fogarty International Center; Grant number: 1 D43 TW007585-01 NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0146-6615 EI 1096-9071 J9 J MED VIROL JI J. Med. Virol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 88 IS 2 BP 216 EP 223 DI 10.1002/jmv.24329 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA DB8BD UT WOS:000368740500005 PM 26175018 ER PT J AU Yang, QH Zhong, YN Merritt, R Cogswell, ME AF Yang, Quanhe Zhong, Yuna Merritt, Robert Cogswell, Mary E. TI Trends in High Blood Pressure among United States Adolescents across Body Weight Category between 1988 and 2012 SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID WHITE COAT HYPERTENSION; NATIONAL-HEALTH; FAMILY HISTORY; SECULAR TRENDS; US CHILDREN; FOLLOW-UP; PREVALENCE; OBESITY; CHILDHOOD; RISK AB Objective To examine trends in pre-high blood pressure (BP [HBP]) and HBP among US adolescents by body weight category during 1988-2012. Study design We estimated pre-HBP and HBP prevalence among 14 844 participants aged 12-19 years using National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys from 1988-1994, 1999-2002, 2003-2006, and 2007-2012. Pre-HBP and HBP were defined based on age-sex-height-specific BP percentiles. We examined the temporal trends in pre-HBP and HBP across category of body weight (normal weight vs overweight/obese), adjusted for potential explanatory factors, and estimated the number of adolescents with pre-HBP and HBP. Results Between 1988 and 2012, the prevalence of HBP decreased and pre-HBP did not change. Among normal weight adolescents, multivariable adjusted pre-HBP prevalence was 11.0% during 1988-2012, and 10.9% during 2007-2012 (P = .923 for trend); adjusted HBP prevalence increased from 1988-1994 (0.9%) to 1999-2002 (2.3%), then declined significantly to 1.4% during 2007-2012 (P = .049). Among overweight/obese adolescents, adjusted pre-HBP prevalence was 17.5% during 1988-2012, and 20.9% during 2007-2012 (P = .323); adjusted HBP prevalence declined significantly from 7.2% during 1988-1994 to 3.2% during 2007-2012 (P = .018). Because of population growth, estimated number of adolescents with pre-HBP or HBP increased, from 4.18 million during 1988-1994 to 5.59 million during 2007-2012. Conclusions Between 1988 and 2012, pre-HBP prevalence was consistently higher among overweight/obese adolescent than those of normal weight, and the pattern remain unchanged. HBP prevalence declined significantly, especially among overweight/obese adolescent that are not completely explained by sociodemographic or lifestyle characteristics. C1 [Yang, Quanhe; Zhong, Yuna; Merritt, Robert; Cogswell, Mary E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy,MailStop F-77, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Yang, QH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy,MailStop F-77, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM qay0@cdc.gov NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 5 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 EI 1097-6833 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 169 BP 166 EP + DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.10.007 PG 11 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA DB6AK UT WOS:000368595300034 PM 26563532 ER PT J AU van der Sanden, SMG Wu, WL Dybdahl-Sissoko, N Weldon, WC Brooks, P O'Donnell, J Jones, LP Brown, C Tompkins, SM Oberste, MS Karpilow, J Tripp, RA AF van der Sanden, Sabine M. G. Wu, Weilin Dybdahl-Sissoko, Naomi Weldon, William C. Brooks, Paula O'Donnell, Jason Jones, Les P. Brown, Cedric Tompkins, S. Mark Oberste, M. Steven Karpilow, Jon Tripp, Ralph A. TI Engineering Enhanced Vaccine Cell Lines To Eradicate Vaccine-Preventable Diseases: the Polio End Game SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID MONKEY KIDNEY-CELLS; ENTEROVIRUS 71; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; INFECTED-CELLS; PROTEIN; VIRUS; P300; IDENTIFICATION; APOPTOSIS; STRAINS AB Vaccine manufacturing costs prevent a significant portion of the world's population from accessing protection from vaccine-preventable diseases. To enhance vaccine production at reduced costs, a genome-wide RNA interference (RNAi) screen was performed to identify gene knockdown events that enhanced poliovirus replication. Primary screen hits were validated in a Vero vaccine manufacturing cell line using attenuated and wild-type poliovirus strains. Multiple single and dual gene silencing events increased poliovirus titers>20-fold and >50-fold, respectively. Host gene knockdown events did not affect virus antigenicity, and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-Cas9-mediated knockout of the top candidates dramatically improved viral vaccine strain production. Interestingly, silencing of several genes that enhanced poliovirus replication also enhanced replication of enterovirus 71, a clinically relevant virus to which vaccines are being targeted. The discovery that host gene modulation can markedly increase virus vaccine production dramatically alters mammalian cell-based vaccine manufacturing possibilities and should facilitate polio eradication using the inactivated poliovirus vaccine. C1 [van der Sanden, Sabine M. G.; Dybdahl-Sissoko, Naomi; Weldon, William C.; Brown, Cedric; Oberste, M. Steven] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [van der Sanden, Sabine M. G.; Wu, Weilin; Brooks, Paula; O'Donnell, Jason; Jones, Les P.; Tompkins, S. Mark; Tripp, Ralph A.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Infect Dis, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Karpilow, Jon] Proventus Bio, Athens, GA USA. [van der Sanden, Sabine M. G.] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Meibergdreef 9, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Oberste, MS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. EM soberste@cdc.gov FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP1031937] FX Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation provided funding to Ralph A. Tripp under grant number OPP1031937. NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X EI 1098-5514 J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 90 IS 4 BP 1694 EP 1704 DI 10.1128/JVI.01464-15 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA DC3XL UT WOS:000369152700001 PM 26581994 ER PT J AU Ngabo, F Tate, JE Gatera, M Rugambwa, C Donnen, P Lepage, P Mwenda, JM Binagwaho, A Parashar, UD AF Ngabo, Fidele Tate, Jacqueline E. Gatera, Maurice Rugambwa, Celse Donnen, Philippe Lepage, Philippe Mwenda, Jason M. Binagwaho, Agnes Parashar, Umesh D. TI Effect of pentavalent rotavirus vaccine introduction on hospital admissions for diarrhoea and rotavirus in children in Rwanda: a time-series analysis SO LANCET GLOBAL HEALTH LA English DT Article ID ALL-CAUSE GASTROENTERITIS; UNITED-STATES; US CHILDREN; IMMUNIZATION PROGRAM; CHILDHOOD DIARRHEA; LESS-THAN-5 YEARS; MASS VACCINATION; OLDER CHILDREN; IMPACT; REDUCTION AB Background In May, 2012, Rwanda became the first low-income African country to introduce pentavalent rotavirus vaccine into its routine national immunisation programme. Although the potential health benefits of rotavirus vaccination are huge in low-income African countries that account for more than half the global deaths from rotavirus, concerns remain about the performance of oral rotavirus vaccines in these challenging settings. Methods We conducted a time-series analysis to examine trends in admissions to hospital for non-bloody diarrhoea in children younger than 5 years in Rwanda between Jan 1, 2009, and Dec 31, 2014, using monthly discharge data from the Health Management Information System. Additionally, we reviewed the registries in the paediatric wards at six hospitals from 2009 to 2014 and abstracted the number of total admissions and admissions for diarrhoea in children younger than 5 years by admission month and age group. We studied trends in admissions specific to rotavirus at one hospital that had undertaken active rotavirus surveillance from 2011 to 2014. We assessed changes in rotavirus epidemiology by use of data from eight active surveillance hospitals. Findings Compared with the 2009-11 prevaccine baseline, hospital admissions for non-bloody diarrhoea captured by the Health Management Information System fell by 17-29% from a pre-vaccine median of 4051 to 2881 in 2013 and 3371 in 2014, admissions for acute gastroenteritis captured in paediatric ward registries decreased by 48-49%, and admissions specific to rotavirus captured by active surveillance fell by 61-70%. The greatest effect was recorded in children age-eligible to be vaccinated, but we noted a decrease in the proportion of children with diarrhoea testing positive for rotavirus in almost every age group. Interpretation The number of admissions to hospital for diarrhoea and rotavirus in Rwanda fell substantially after rotavirus vaccine implementation, including among older children age-ineligible for vaccination, suggesting indirect protection through reduced transmission of rotavirus. These data highlight the benefits of routine vaccination against rotavirus in low-income settings. Copyright (c) 2016. World Health Organization; licensee Elsevier. C1 [Ngabo, Fidele; Donnen, Philippe] Univ Libre Bruxelles, Ecole Sante Publ, Ctr Rech Polit & Syst Sante Sante Int, Brussels, Belgium. [Tate, Jacqueline E.; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gatera, Maurice] Rwanda Biomed Ctr, Kigali, Rwanda. [Rugambwa, Celse] World Hlth Org, Rwanda Off, Kigali, Rwanda. [Lepage, Philippe] HUDERF, Brussels, Belgium. [Mwenda, Jason M.] World Hlth Org, African Reg Off, Brazzaville, Congo. [Binagwaho, Agnes] Minist Hlth, Kigali, Rwanda. [Binagwaho, Agnes] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Binagwaho, Agnes] Dartmouth Coll, Geisel Sch Med, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Ngabo, F (reprint author), Minist Hlth, Maternal & Child Hlth Unit, KG 631, Kicukiro, Kigali, Rwanda. EM ngabog@yahoo.fr FU Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance; Government of Rwanda FX Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance and the Government of Rwanda. NR 58 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 2214-109X J9 LANCET GLOB HEALTH JI Lancet Glob. Health PD FEB PY 2016 VL 4 IS 2 BP E129 EP E136 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DB6IX UT WOS:000368619500021 PM 26823214 ER PT J AU Russell, TM Tang, XL Goldstein, JM Bagarozzi, D Johnson, BJB AF Russell, Theresa M. Tang, Xiaoling Goldstein, Jason M. Bagarozzi, Dennis Johnson, Barbara J. B. TI The salt-sensitive structure and zinc inhibition of Borrelia burgdorferi protease BbHtrA SO MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID QUALITY CONTROL; HTRA PROTEASE; DISEASE; PROTEINS; DEGQ; BINDING; FAMILY; IDENTIFICATION; PROTEOLYSIS; ACTIVATION AB HtrA serine proteases are highly conserved and essential ATP-independent proteases with chaperone activity. Bacteria express a variable number of HtrA homologues that contribute to the virulence and pathogenicity of bacterial pathogens. Lyme disease spirochetes possess a single HtrA protease homologue, Borrelia burgdorferiHtrA (BbHtrA). Previous studies established that, like the human orthologue HtrA1, BbHtrA is proteolytically active against numerous extracellular proteins in vitro. In this study, we utilized size exclusion chromatography and blue native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (BN-PAGE) to demonstrate BbHtrA oligomeric structures that were substrate independent and salt sensitive. Examination of the influence of transition metals on the activity of BbHtrA revealed that this protease is inhibited by Zn2+>Cu2+>Mn2+. Extending this analysis to two other HtrA proteases, E.coliDegP and HtrA1, revealed that all three HtrA proteases were reversibly inhibited by ZnCl2 at all micro molar concentrations examined. Commercial inhibitors for HtrA proteases are not available and physiologic HtrA inhibitors are unknown. Our observation of conserved zinc inhibition of HtrA proteases will facilitate structural and functional studies of additional members of this important class of proteases. C1 [Russell, Theresa M.; Johnson, Barbara J. B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Tang, Xiaoling; Goldstein, Jason M.; Bagarozzi, Dennis] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Sci Resources, Atlanta, GA USA. [Russell, Theresa M.; Johnson, Barbara J. B.] Div Vector Borne Dis, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Tang, Xiaoling; Goldstein, Jason M.; Bagarozzi, Dennis] Div Sci Resources, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Russell, TM (reprint author), Div Vector Borne Dis, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM trussell@somalogic.com FU CDC FX We would like to thank Bob Gilmore and Kevin Brandt for their critical review of this manuscript. CDC supported this work; however, the findings and conclusions are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the agency. NR 39 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0950-382X EI 1365-2958 J9 MOL MICROBIOL JI Mol. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 99 IS 3 BP 586 EP 596 DI 10.1111/mmi.13251 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA DC3YO UT WOS:000369156200011 PM 26480895 ER PT J AU Gresh, L Kuan, G Sanchez, N Azziz-Baumgartner, E Ojeda, S Melendez, M Lopez, R Martin, ET Widdowson, MA Bresee, J Harris, E Balmaseda, A Gordon, A AF Gresh, Lionel Kuan, Guillermina Sanchez, Nery Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo Ojeda, Sergio Melendez, Marlon Lopez, Roger Martin, Emily T. Widdowson, Marc-Alain Bresee, Joseph Harris, Eva Balmaseda, Angel Gordon, Aubree TI Burden of Influenza and Influenza-associated Pneumonia in the First Year of Life in a Prospective Cohort Study in Managua, Nicaragua SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE influenza; infant; cohort studies; pneumonia; hospitalization ID YOUNG-CHILDREN; RESPIRATORY-INFECTIONS; SEASONAL INFLUENZA; GLOBAL BURDEN; HOSPITALIZATIONS; INFANTS; VACCINATION; VIRUS AB Background: Influenza is a major public health problem worldwide; however, relatively little is known about influenza in tropical regions, especially for infants. Additional information is required to inform public health policy making, in particular vaccination guidelines. Methods: Between September 2011 and July 2013, we enrolled newborns into the Nicaraguan Birth Cohort Study. Infants were provided primary medical care and actively followed for reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction-confirmed influenza virus infection when presenting with influenza-like illness or undifferentiated fever. This report presents data pertaining to the first year of life. Results: Of the 518 children enrolled in the study, 441 participated throughout their first year of life, 71 were withdrawn, and 6 died. Overall, 13% of the participants experienced at least 1 laboratory-confirmed influenza virus infection. The overall incidence of influenza was 15.5 cases per 100 person-years [95% confidence interval (CI): 12.2-19.5]. Infants aged 6-11 months experienced significantly higher rates of laboratory-confirmed influenza than infants aged 0-5 months (incidence rate ratio: 2.1; 95% CI: 1.3-3.4). The overall incidence of pneumonia was 52.6 cases per 100 person-years (95% CI: 46.3-59.6). Three percent of the pneumonia cases were influenza associated, and the incidence of influenza-associated pneumonia and hospitalization was 1.7 (95% CI: 0.9-3.5) and 0.22 (95% CI: 0.03-1.55) cases per 100 person-years, respectively. Conclusions: We found a significant burden of influenza and influenza-associated severe respiratory outcomes in infants. Our results support the need to explore the potential value of vaccinating pregnant women and infants aged >6 months, as recommended by the World Health Organization in 2012. C1 [Gresh, Lionel; Sanchez, Nery; Ojeda, Sergio; Melendez, Marlon] Sustainable Sci Inst, Managua, Nicaragua. [Kuan, Guillermina] Minist Hlth, Ctr Salud Socrates Flores Vivas, Managua, Nicaragua. [Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo; Widdowson, Marc-Alain; Bresee, Joseph] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lopez, Roger; Balmaseda, Angel] Minist Hlth, Ctr Nacl Diagnost & Referencia, Lab Nacl Virol, Managua, Nicaragua. [Martin, Emily T.; Gordon, Aubree] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 1415 Washington Hts, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA. [Harris, Eva] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Infect Dis & Vaccinol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Gordon, A (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 1415 Washington Hts, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA. EM gordonal@umich.edu OI Gordon, Aubree/0000-0002-9352-7877 FU US CDC [1U01GH000028-04]; National Institutes of Health, Fogarty International Center [K02 TW009483] FX The opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the CDC or the institutions with which the authors are affiliated. This work was supported by the US CDC (Cooperative Agreement 1U01GH000028-04); and the National Institutes of Health, Fogarty International Center (K02 TW009483 to A.G.). The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 35 IS 2 BP 152 EP 156 DI 10.1097/INF.0000000000000944 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA DB7WL UT WOS:000368727500006 PM 26421805 ER PT J AU Cartwright, EJ Nguyen, T Melluso, C Ayers, T Lane, C Hodges, A Li, X Quammen, J Yendell, SJ Adams, J Mitchell, J Rickert, R Klos, R Williams, IT Behravesh, CB Wright, J AF Cartwright, E. J. Nguyen, T. Melluso, C. Ayers, T. Lane, C. Hodges, A. Li, X. Quammen, J. Yendell, S. J. Adams, J. Mitchell, J. Rickert, R. Klos, R. Williams, I. T. Behravesh, C. Barton Wright, J. TI A Multistate Investigation of Antibiotic-Resistant Salmonella enterica Serotype I 4,[5],12:i:- Infections as Part of an International Outbreak Associated with Frozen Feeder Rodents SO ZOONOSES AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Salmonella; outbreak; reptiles; frozen feeder rodents; zoonoses; amphibians ID MAIL-ORDER HATCHERY; UNITED-STATES; LIVE POULTRY; TYPHIMURIUM; PREVALENCE; AMPHIBIANS; EXPOSURE; SURVIVAL; REPTILES; CONTACT AB While most human Salmonella infections result from exposure to contaminated foods, an estimated 11% of all Salmonella infections are attributed to animal exposures, including both direct animal handling and indirect exposures such as cleaning cages and handling contaminated pet food. This report describes the epidemiologic, environmental and laboratory investigations conducted in the United States as part of the response to an international outbreak of tetracycline-resistant Salmonella enterica serotype I 4,[5],12:i:- infections with over 500 illnesses occurring from 2008 to 2010. This investigation found that illness due to the outbreak strain was significantly associated with exposure to pet reptiles and frozen feeder rodents used as food for pet reptiles. Salmonella isolates indistinguishable from the outbreak strain were isolated from a frozen feeder mice-fed reptile owned by a case patient, as well as from frozen feeder mice and environmental samples collected from a rodent producing facility (Company A). An international voluntary recall of all Company A produced frozen feeder animals sold between May 2009 and July 2010 occurred. Only 13% of cases in our investigation were aware of the association between Salmonella infection and mice or rats. Consumers, the pet industry, healthcare providers and veterinarians need to be aware of the potential health risk posed by feeder rodents, whether live or frozen. Frozen feeder rodent producers, suppliers and distributors should follow the animal food labelling requirements as described in 21 CFR 501.5, and all packages of frozen feeder rodents should include safe handling instructions. Persons should wash their hands thoroughly with soap and water after handling live or frozen feeder rodents, as well as reptiles or anything in the area where the animals live. Continued opportunities exist for public health officials, the pet industry, veterinarians and consumers to work together to prevent salmonellosis associated with pet food, pets and other animals. C1 [Cartwright, E. J.] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, OSELS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cartwright, E. J.; Nguyen, T.; Ayers, T.; Quammen, J.; Yendell, S. J.; Mitchell, J.; Rickert, R.; Williams, I. T.; Behravesh, C. Barton; Wright, J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging Zoonot & Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cartwright, E. J.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Melluso, C.; Hodges, A.; Li, X.] US FDA, Ctr Vet Med, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. [Lane, C.] Publ Hlth England, Ctr Infect Dis Surveillance & Control, London, United Kingdom. [Yendell, S. J.] CDC, Epidemiol Elect Program, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, OSELS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Adams, J.] Assoc Publ Hlth Labs, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Klos, R.] Wisconsin Div Publ Hlth, Madison, WI USA. RP Cartwright, EJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-38, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ecartw2@emory.edu OI Ayers, Tracy/0000-0003-4140-3263 FU United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1863-1959 EI 1863-2378 J9 ZOONOSES PUBLIC HLTH JI Zoonoses Public Health PD FEB PY 2016 VL 63 IS 1 BP 62 EP 71 DI 10.1111/zph.12205 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences GA DB8YH UT WOS:000368802600007 PM 25996458 ER PT J AU Gray, SC Massaro, T Chen, I Edholm, CJ Grotheer, R Zheng, YQ Chang, HH AF Gray, Simone C. Massaro, Tyler Chen, Isabel Edholm, Christina J. Grotheer, Rachel Zheng, Yiqiang Chang, Howard H. TI A county-level analysis of persons living with HIV in the southern United States SO AIDS CARE-PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIO-MEDICAL ASPECTS OF AIDS/HIV LA English DT Article DE HIV; race; ethnicity; clusters; socioeconomic status; American South ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; DISPARITIES; DISEASES; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SURVIVAL; HIV/AIDS; AIDS; CARE; RACE AB This study uses county-level surveillance data to systematically analyze geographic variation and clustering of persons living with diagnosed HIV (PLWH) in the southern United States in 2011. Clusters corresponding to large metropolitan areas - including Miami, Atlanta, and Baltimore - had HIV prevalence rates higher (p<.001) than the regional rate. Regression analysis within the counties included in these clusters determined that race was a significant indicator for PLWH. These results provide a general picture of the distribution of PLWH in the southern United States at the county level and provide insights for identifying local geographic areas with a high number of PLWH, as well as subpopulations that may have an increased risk of infection. C1 [Gray, Simone C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Massaro, Tyler] Univ Tennessee, Dept Math, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Chen, Isabel] Emory Univ, Dept Math, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Edholm, Christina J.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Math, Lincoln, NE USA. [Grotheer, Rachel] Clemson Univ, Dept Math Sci, Clemson, SC USA. [Zheng, Yiqiang] Purdue Univ, Dept Math, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Zheng, Yiqiang] Purdue Univ, Dept Stat, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Chang, Howard H.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Gray, SC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM simonegray@cdc.gov OI Massaro, Tyler/0000-0001-9201-4589 FU National Science Foundation [DMS-1127914] FX This material was based upon work partially supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant DMS-1127914 to the Statistical and Applied Mathematical Sciences Institute. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0954-0121 EI 1360-0451 J9 AIDS CARE JI Aids Care-Psychol. Socio-Med. Asp. Aids-Hiv PD FEB 1 PY 2016 VL 28 IS 2 BP 266 EP 272 DI 10.1080/09540121.2015.1080793 PG 7 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychology, Multidisciplinary; Respiratory System; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychology; Respiratory System; Biomedical Social Sciences GA DB6FC UT WOS:000368608200019 PM 26332197 ER PT J AU Birnbaum, LS Dutton, ND Cusack, C Mennemeyer, ST Pavuk, M AF Birnbaum, Linda S. Dutton, N. D. Cusack, C. Mennemeyer, S. T. Pavuk, M. TI Anniston community health survey: Follow-up and dioxin analyses (ACHS-II)-methods SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Polychlorinated biphenyls; PCBs; Dioxins; PCDDs; PCDFs; PBDEs; Heavy metals; Anniston ID POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; HALF-LIVES; PCB; RESIDENTS; EXPOSURE AB High serum concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been reported previously among residents of Anniston, Alabama, where a PCB production facility was located in the past. As the second of two cross-sectional studies of these Anniston residents, the Anniston Community Health Survey: Follow-Up and Dioxin Analyses (ACHS-II) will yield repeated measurements to be used to evaluate changes over time in ortho-PCB concentrations and selected health indicators in study participants. Dioxins, non-ortho PCBs, other chemicals, heavy metals, and a variety of additional clinical tests not previously measured in the original ACHS cohort will be examined in ACHS-II. The follow-up study also incorporates a questionnaire with extended sections on diet and occupational history for a more comprehensive assessment of possible exposure sources. Data collection for ACHS-II from 359 eligible participants took place in 2014, 7 to 9 years after ACHS. C1 [Birnbaum, Linda S.] NCI, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Dutton, N. D.] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Res Participat Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cusack, C.; Pavuk, M.] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mennemeyer, S. T.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA. RP Birnbaum, LS (reprint author), NCI, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM birnbaumls@niehs.nih.gov FU National Cancer Institute through Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (IAA) [11-AT1-001-00, 12-AT-12-ANNISTON]; ATSDR; ATSDR (CDC) [200-2011-40834] FX The study was funded by the National Cancer Institute (Dr. Linda Birnbaum) through interagency agreements with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (IAA#: 11-AT1-001-00; IAA#: 12-AT-12-ANNISTON) and by ATSDR. Dr. Pavuk, of ATSDR, is the study's principal investigator (PI). Data collection for this study was funded via contract from ATSDR to the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) (CDC Contract No. 200-2011-40834; Prof. S. Mennemeyer, PI). NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0944-1344 EI 1614-7499 J9 ENVIRON SCI POLLUT R JI Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 23 IS 3 BP 2014 EP 2021 DI 10.1007/s11356-015-4684-3 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DB2YO UT WOS:000368376800006 PM 25982988 ER PT J AU Ederer, DJ Bui, TV Parker, EM Roehler, DR Sidik, M Florian, MJ Kim, P Sim, S Ballesteros, MF AF Ederer, David J. Truong Van Bui Parker, Erin M. Roehler, Douglas R. Sidik, Mirjam Florian, Michael J. Kim, Pagna Sim, Sophal Ballesteros, Michael F. TI Helmets for Kids: evaluation of a school-based helmet intervention in Cambodia SO INJURY PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID BICYCLE SAFETY; CHILDREN; PROGRAM; ATTITUDES; IMPLEMENTATION; PROMOTION; KNOWLEDGE; CAMPAIGN; TRENDS AB Objective This paper analyses helmet use before and after implementing Helmets for Kids, a school-based helmet distribution and road safety programme in Cambodia. Methods Nine intervention schools (with a total of 6721 students) and four control schools (with a total of 3031 students) were selected using purposive sampling to target schools where students were at high risk of road traffic injury. Eligible schools included those where at least 50% of students commute to school on bicycles or motorcycles, were located on a national road (high traffic density), had few or no street signs nearby, were located in an area with a history of crash injuries and were in a province where other Cambodia Helmet Vaccine Initiative activities occur. Programme's effectiveness at each school was measured through preintervention and postintervention roadside helmet observations of students as they arrived or left school. Research assistants conducted observations 1-2 weeks preintervention, 1-2 weeks postintervention, 10-12 weeks postintervention and at the end of the school year (3-4 months postintervention). Results In intervention schools, observed student helmet use increased from an average of 0.46% at 1-2 weeks preintervention to an average of 87.9% at 1-2 weeks postintervention, 83.5% at 10-12 weeks postintervention and 86.5% at 3-4 months postintervention, coinciding with the end of the school year. Increased helmet use was observed in children commuting on bicycle or motorcycle, which showed similar patterns of helmet use. Helmet use remained between 0.35% and 0.70% in control schools throughout the study period. Conclusions School-based helmet use programmes that combine helmet provision and road safety education might increase helmet use among children. C1 [Ederer, David J.; Parker, Erin M.; Roehler, Douglas R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS-62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Ederer, David J.; Roehler, Douglas R.] McNeal Profess Serv, Kennesaw, GA USA. [Truong Van Bui; Sidik, Mirjam; Florian, Michael J.; Kim, Pagna; Sim, Sophal] Asia Injury Prevent Fdn, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. [Roehler, Douglas R.] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Hlth Educ, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Ballesteros, Michael F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Hlth Protect, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Ederer, DJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS-62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM dederer@cdc.gov FU CDC [1U50DP001117-01]; International Union for Health Promotion and Education [1U50DP001117-01] FX This work was conducted as part of the Cambodia Helmet Vaccine Initiative, funded by cooperative agreement 1U50DP001117-01 between the CDC and the International Union for Health Promotion and Education. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1353-8047 EI 1475-5785 J9 INJURY PREV JI Inj. Prev. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 22 IS 1 BP 52 EP 58 DI 10.1136/injuryprev-2014-041434 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DB4VY UT WOS:000368512900008 PM 26307107 ER PT J AU Seib, K Underwood, NL Gargano, LM Sales, JM Morfaw, C Weiss, P Murray, D Vogt, TM DiClemente, RJ Hughes, JM AF Seib, Katherine Underwood, Natasha L. Gargano, Lisa M. Sales, Jessica M. Morfaw, Christopher Weiss, Paul Murray, Dennis Vogt, Tara M. DiClemente, Ralph J. Hughes, James M. TI Preexisting Chronic Health Conditions and Health Insurance Status Associated With Vaccine Receipt Among Adolescents SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Adolescent immunization; Chronic disease; Insurance; Vaccines for Children; Tdap vaccine; MCV4 vaccine; Influenza vaccine; HPV vaccine ID COVERAGE; CHILDREN; ATTITUDES; PROGRAM; IMPACT; RISK AB Purpose: Four vaccines are routinely recommended for adolescents: tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (Tdap); humanpapillomavirus (HPV); meningococcal-conjugate (MCV4); and a yearly seasonal influenza vaccine. Vaccination promotion and outreach approaches may need to be tailored to certain populations, such as those with chronic health conditions or without health insurance. Methods: In a controlled trial among middle and high school students in Georgia, 11 schools were randomized to one of three arms: no intervention, parent education brochure, or parent education brochure plus a student curriculum on the four recommended vaccines. Parents in all arms were surveyed regarding their adolescent's vaccine receipt, chronic health conditions, and health insurance status. Results: Of the 686 parents, most (91%) reported their adolescent had received at least one of the four vaccines: Tdap (82%), MCV4 (59%), current influenza vaccine (53%) and HPV (48%). Twentythree percent of parents reported that their adolescent had asthma. Most parents reported that their adolescent's insurance was Medicaid (60%) or private insurance (34%), and 6% reported no insurance. More adolescents with a chronic health condition received any adolescent vaccine than adolescents without a chronic health condition (p <.0001). Among those with no insurance, fewer had received any adolescent vaccine than those with Medicaid or private insurance (p <.0001). Conclusions: The federal Vaccines for Children program offers recommended vaccines free to eligible children (including those without health insurance). Our findings suggest that parents may not be aware of this program or eligibility for it, thus revealing a need for education or other fixes. (c) 2016 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. All rights reserved. C1 [Seib, Katherine; Underwood, Natasha L.; Gargano, Lisa M.; Hughes, James M.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Sales, Jessica M.; DiClemente, Ralph J.] Emory Univ, Dept Behav Sci & Hlth Educ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Weiss, Paul] Emory Univ, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Morfaw, Christopher] Georgia Dept Publ Hlth, East Cent Hlth Dist, Augusta, GA USA. [Murray, Dennis] Georgia Regents Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Augusta, GA USA. [Vogt, Tara M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Seib, K (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, 1462 Clifton Rd,Room 446, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM kseib@emory.edu OI Seib, Katherine/0000-0002-1428-7108 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [5U01IP000413]; National Institutes of Mental Health [K01 MH085506] FX This project is funded through a cooperative agreement with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention grant 5U01IP000413. J.M.S. was supported by grant K01 MH085506 from the National Institutes of Mental Health. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X EI 1879-1972 J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD FEB PY 2016 VL 58 IS 2 BP 148 EP 153 DI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2015.10.009 PG 6 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA DB3QG UT WOS:000368425800005 PM 26683985 ER PT J AU Reidy, DE Ball, B Houry, D Holland, KM Valle, LA Kearns, MC Marshall, KJ Rosenbluth, B AF Reidy, Dennis E. Ball, Barbara Houry, Debra Holland, Kristin M. Valle, Linda A. Kearns, Megan C. Marshall, Khiya J. Rosenbluth, Barri TI In Search of Teen Dating Violence Typologies SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Teen dating violence; Intimate partner violence; Latent class analysis; Typology ID INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE; PREVENTION PROGRAM; ADOLESCENT; AGGRESSION; YOUTH; RISK; PERPETRATION; PSYCHOPATHY; PREVALENCE; INVENTORY AB Purpose: The goal of the present research was to identify distinct latent classes of adolescents that commit teen dating violence (TDV) and assess differences on demographic, behavioral, and attitudinal correlates. Methods: Boys and girls (N = 1,149; M-age = 14.3; Grades 6-12) with a history of violence exposure completed surveys assessing six indices of TDV in the preceding 3 months. Indices of TDV included controlling behaviors, psychological TDV, physical TDV, sexual TDV, fear/intimidation, and injury. In addition, adolescents provided demographic and dating history information and completed surveys assessing attitudes condoning violence, relationship skills and knowledge, and reactive/proactive aggression. Results: Latent class analysis indicated a three-class solution wherein the largest class of students was nonviolent on all indices ("nonaggressors") and the smallest class of students demonstrated high probability of nearly all indices of TDV ("multiform aggressors"). In addition, a third class of "emotional aggressors" existed for which there was a high probability of controlling and psychological TDV but low likelihood of any other form of TDV. Multiform aggressors were differentiated from emotional and nonaggressors on the use of self-defense in dating relationships, attitudes condoning violence, and proactive aggression. Emotional aggressors were distinguished from nonaggressors on nearly all measured covariates. Conclusions: Evidence indicates that different subgroups of adolescents engaging in TDV exist. In particular, a small group of youth engaging in multiple forms of TDV can be distinguished from a larger group of youth that commit acts of TDV restricted to emotional aggression (i.e., controlling and psychological) and most youth that do not engage in TDV. C1 [Reidy, Dennis E.; Holland, Kristin M.; Valle, Linda A.; Kearns, Megan C.; Marshall, Khiya J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Ball, Barbara; Rosenbluth, Barri] SafePlace, Austin, TX USA. [Houry, Debra] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Reidy, DE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM dreidy@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2010-34099] FX This work was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Contract # 200-2010-34099. NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 12 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X EI 1879-1972 J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD FEB PY 2016 VL 58 IS 2 BP 202 EP 207 DI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2015.09.028 PG 6 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA DB3QG UT WOS:000368425800013 PM 26683984 ER PT J AU Varan, AK Harriman, KH Winter, K Thun, MD McDonald, EC AF Varan, Aiden K. Harriman, Kathleen H. Winter, Kathleen Thun, Melissa D. McDonald, Eric C. TI Economic and Social Impact of Pertussis Among Adolescents in San Diego County SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Article ID VACCINE; EPIDEMIC; TDAP AB Purpose: During recent pertussis epidemics, adolescents have experienced a large burden of disease. We assessed the impact of pertussis among San Diego adolescents and their households. Methods: Parents of pertussis patients aged 13-17 years were surveyed about health care utilization, missed work and school, and other factors. Costs of medical visits, medication use, and lost wages were estimated. Results: The parents of 53 (of 108 [ 49%]) eligible 2013 pertussis patients were interviewed; 51 (96%) of these patients previously received tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis vaccine. Medical visits included primary care (81%), urgent care (11%), and emergency department (9%); all patients received antibiotics. Forty-seven households (89%) received a post-exposure prophylaxis recommendation, and five (9%) reported >= 1 unpaid parental leave day. Thirty-eight patients (72%) missed >= 1 school day (mean = 5.4 days). Societal costs were estimated at $315.15 per household and $236,047.35 in San Diego during 2013-2014. Conclusions: Even among vaccinated adolescents, pertussis can result in considerable societal costs. C1 [Varan, Aiden K.] CDC CSTE Appl Epidemiol Fellowship, Atlanta, GA USA. [Varan, Aiden K.; Thun, Melissa D.; McDonald, Eric C.] Cty San Diego Hlth & Human Serv Agcy, San Diego, CA USA. [Varan, Aiden K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, San Diego, CA 92110 USA. [Harriman, Kathleen H.; Winter, Kathleen] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Richmond, CA USA. RP Varan, AK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, 3851 Rosecrans St,Suite Y15, San Diego, CA 92110 USA. EM vvl5@cdc.gov OI Varan, Aiden/0000-0002-0516-0084; Harriman, Kathleen/0000-0003-2416-9663 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [1U380T000143-01] FX Aiden K. Varan was supported in part by an appointment to the Applied Epidemiology Fellowship Program administered by the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) and funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Cooperative Agreement Number 1U380T000143-01. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X EI 1879-1972 J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD FEB PY 2016 VL 58 IS 2 BP 241 EP 244 DI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2015.10.012 PG 4 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA DB3QG UT WOS:000368425800019 PM 26802995 ER PT J AU Fechter-Leggett, ED Vaidyanathan, A Choudhary, E AF Fechter-Leggett, Ethan D. Vaidyanathan, Ambarish Choudhary, Ekta TI Heat Stress Illness Emergency Department Visits in National Environmental Public Health Tracking States, 2005-2010 SO JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Heat illness; Emergency department; Urbanization; Metropolitan; Nonmetropolitan; Time trend ID UNITED-STATES; AMBIENT-TEMPERATURE; HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS; NORTH-CAROLINA; MORTALITY; WAVE; MORBIDITY; IMPACTS; CALIFORNIA; DISEASES AB \ Variability of heat stress illness (HSI) by urbanicity and climate region has rarely been considered in previous HSI studies. We investigated temporal and geographic trends in HSI emergency department (ED) visits in CDC Environmental Public Health Tracking Network (Tracking) states for 2005-2010. We obtained county-level HSI ED visit data for 14 Tracking states. We used the National Center for Health Statistics Urban-Rural Classification Scheme to categorize counties by urbanicity as (1) large central metropolitan (LCM), (2) large fringe metropolitan, (3) small-medium metropolitan, or (4) nonmetropolitan (NM). We also assigned counties to one of six US climate regions. Negative binomial regression was used to examine trends in HSI ED visits over time across all counties and by urbanicity for each climate region, adjusting for pertinent variables. During 2005-2010, there were 98,462 HSI ED visits in the 14 states. ED visits for HSI decreased 3.0 % (p < 0.01) per year. Age-adjusted incidence rates of HSI ED visits increased from most urban to most rural. Overall, ED visits were significantly higher for NM areas (IRR = 1.41, p < 0.01) than for LCM areas. The same pattern was observed in all six climate regions; compared with LCM, NM areas had from 14 to 90 % more ED visits for HSI. These findings of significantly increased HSI ED visit rates in more rural settings suggest a need to consider HSI ED visit variability by county urbanicity and climate region when designing and implementing local HSI preventive measures and interventions. C1 [Fechter-Leggett, Ethan D.; Vaidyanathan, Ambarish] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Environm Hlth Tracking Branch, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop F 60, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. [Fechter-Leggett, Ethan D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv Program, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Choudhary, Ekta] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Studies Branch, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Fechter-Leggett, ED (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Environm Hlth Tracking Branch, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop F 60, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA.; Fechter-Leggett, ED (reprint author), NIOSH, Field Studies Branch, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd,Mailstop H2800, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA.; Fechter-Leggett, ED (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv Program, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. EM iun8@cdc.gov FU National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX We thank W. Dana Flanders for expert advice and consultation and the 14 National Environmental Public Health Tracking state programs that submitted the data used in the study. Funded by National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0094-5145 EI 1573-3610 J9 J COMMUN HEALTH JI J. Community Health PD FEB PY 2016 VL 41 IS 1 BP 57 EP 69 DI 10.1007/s10900-015-0064-7 PG 13 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DB6PY UT WOS:000368638400008 PM 26205070 ER PT J AU Ingber, SZ Pohl, HR AF Ingber, Susan Z. Pohl, Hana R. TI Windows of sensitivity to toxic chemicals in the motor effects development SO REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Windows of sensitivity; Motor development; Chemical exposures; Laboratory animals ID PRENATAL METHYLMERCURY EXPOSURE; DEVELOPING NERVOUS-SYSTEM; CARBON-MONOXIDE EXPOSURE; RETINOIC ACID TREATMENT; MALE WISTAR(HAN) RAT; SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS; BEHAVIORAL-DEVELOPMENT; ADULT MICE; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; MORPHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT AB Many chemicals currently used are known to elicit nervous system effects. In addition, approximately 2000 new chemicals introduced annually have not yet undergone neurotoxicity testing. This review concentrated on motor development effects associated with exposure to environmental neurotoxicants to help identify critical windows of exposure and begin to assess data needs based on a subset of chemicals thoroughly reviewed by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) in Toxicological Profiles and Addenda. Multiple windows of sensitivity were identified that differed based on the maturity level of the neurological system at the time of exposure, as well as dose and exposure duration. Similar but distinct windows were found for both motor activity (GD 8-17 [rats], GD 12-14 and PND 3-10 [mice]) and motor function performance (insufficient data for rats, GD 12-17 [mice]). Identifying specific windows of sensitivity in animal studies was hampered by study designs oriented towards detection of neurotoxicity that occurred at any time throughout the developmental process. In conclusion, while this investigation identified some critical exposure windows for motor development effects, it demonstrates a need for more acute duration exposure studies based on neurodevelopmental windows, particularly during the exposure periods identified in this review. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Ingber, Susan Z.; Pohl, Hana R.] US Dept HHS, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Pohl, HR (reprint author), ATSDR, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS-F57, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hpohl@cdc.gov OI Ingber, Susan/0000-0002-5290-8884 NR 128 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0273-2300 EI 1096-0295 J9 REGUL TOXICOL PHARM JI Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 74 BP 93 EP 104 DI 10.1016/j.yrtph.2015.11.018 PG 12 WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA DB5LG UT WOS:000368555000012 PM 26686904 ER PT J AU Bowen, VB Torrone, EA Peterman, TA AF Bowen, Virginia B. Torrone, Elizabeth A. Peterman, Thomas A. TI Verifying Treatment of Reported Cases of Gonorrhea SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID NEISSERIA-GONORRHOEAE; TREATMENT-GUIDELINES; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; SURVEILLANCE; INFECTIONS AB Background Verifying correct treatment of reported cases of gonorrhea may slow antibiotic resistance, but verification remains challenging for many sexually transmitted disease (STD) programs due to increased laboratory case reporting and decreased provider reporting. The objectives of this study were to document current reported levels of correct treatment of gonorrhea and to identify approaches and barriers to verifying treatment. Methods We reviewed funding opportunity reports for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's directly funded STD programs and conducted key-informant interviews to elicit further treatment verification details. Results Among STD programs containing at least one high-morbidity area, a median of 63.0% of gonorrhea cases were reported as treated correctly with a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-recommended regimen, although the range reported was wide (11.2%-95.2%). Among cases with some type of documented treatment information, the proportion treated correctly was higher (median, 82.2%) but the use of correct treatment was quite variable among STD programs (range, 56.4%-98.5%). Approaches to verifying gonorrhea treatment included modifying outdated surveillance systems and educating providers about case reporting to enhance the passive capture of treatment information as well as active approaches that supported routine and immediate communication with providers regarding cases missing treatment information. Barriers to treatment verification included low levels of provider reporting, outdated surveillance systems, and human and financial resource constraints. Conclusions Baseline assessments revealed that levels of correct gonorrhea treatment vary widely, even after accounting for those cases missing treatment information. Baseline data can help determine whether the active verification of treatment of all cases is warranted. C1 [Bowen, Virginia B.; Torrone, Elizabeth A.; Peterman, Thomas A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Bowen, VB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM xef3@cdc.gov FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The authors of this article have no conflicts of interest to declare. All authors are funded via salary by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0148-5717 EI 1537-4521 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 43 IS 2 BP 130 EP 133 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000395 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DB6AL UT WOS:000368595400014 PM 26760184 ER PT J AU Lee, LJ Symanski, E Lupo, PJ Tinker, SC Razzaghi, H Pompeii, LA Hoyt, AT Canfield, MA Chan, WY AF Lee, Laura J. Symanski, Elaine Lupo, Philip J. Tinker, Sarah C. Razzaghi, Hilda Pompeii, Lisa A. Hoyt, Adrienne T. Canfield, Mark A. Chan, Wenyaw CA Natl Birth Defects Prevention TI Data linkage between the national birth defects prevention study and the occupational information network (O*NET) to assess workplace physical activity, sedentary behaviors, and emotional stressors during pregnancy SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE occupational physical activity; occupational stressors; exposure assessment; O*NET; NBDPS ID PSYCHOSOCIAL JOB STRAIN; PRETERM DELIVERY; GENERAL-POPULATION; WORKING-CONDITIONS; DECISION LATITUDE; EXPOSURE MATRIX; RISK; COHORT; WEIGHT; EMPLOYMENT AB Background Knowledge of the prevalence of work-related physical activities, sedentary behaviors, and emotional stressors among pregnant women is limited, and the extent to which these exposures vary by maternal characteristics remains unclear. Methods Data on mothers of 6,817 infants without major birth defects, with estimated delivery during 1997 through 2009 who worked during pregnancy were obtained from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study. Information on multiple domains of occupational exposures was gathered by linking mother's primary job to the Occupational Information Network Version 9.0. Results The most frequent estimated physical activity associated with jobs during pregnancy was standing. Of 6,337 mothers, 31.0% reported jobs associated with standing for 75% of their time. There was significant variability in estimated occupational exposures by maternal age, race/ethnicity, and educational level. Conclusions Our findings augment existing literature on occupational physical activities, sedentary behaviors, emotional stressors, and occupational health disparities during pregnancy. (C) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Lee, Laura J.; Symanski, Elaine; Pompeii, Lisa A.] Univ Texas Houston, Sch Publ Hlth, Southwest Ctr Occupat & Environm Hlth, Dept Epidemiol Human Genet & Environm Sci, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Lupo, Philip J.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Hematol Oncol Sect, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Tinker, Sarah C.; Razzaghi, Hilda] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hoyt, Adrienne T.; Canfield, Mark A.] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Birth Defects Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Austin, TX USA. [Chan, Wenyaw] Univ Texas Houston, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Symanski, E (reprint author), Univ Texas Houston, Sch Publ Hlth, 1200 Herman Pressler Dr,RAS W1028, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM elaine.symanski@uth.tmc.edu OI Lupo, Philip/0000-0003-0978-5863 FU NIOSH Education and Research Center Training [5T42OH008421]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Centers [U01/DD000494] FX Contract grant sponsor: NIOSH Education and Research Center Training; Contract grant number: 5T42OH008421; Contract grant sponsor: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Centers; Contract grant number: U01/DD000494. NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0271-3586 EI 1097-0274 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 59 IS 2 BP 137 EP 149 DI 10.1002/ajim.22548 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DB0AF UT WOS:000368170300006 PM 26681357 ER PT J AU Lowe, BD Albers, JT Hudock, SD Krieg, EF AF Lowe, Brian D. Albers, James T. Hudock, Stephen D. Krieg, Edward F. TI Serious injury and fatality investigations involving pneumatic nail guns, 1985-2012 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE pneumatic nail gun; traumatic injury; struck by; accident investigation; trigger safety AB Background This article examines serious and fatal pneumatic nail gun (PNG) injury investigations for workplace, tool design, and human factors relevant to causation and resulting OS&H authorities' responses in terms of citations and penalties. Methods The U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) database of Fatality and Catastrophe Investigation Summaries (F&CIS) were reviewed (1985-2012) to identify n=258 PNG accidents. Results 79.8% of investigations, and 100% of fatalities, occurred in the construction industry. Between 53-71% of injuries appear to have been preventable had a safer sequential trigger tool been used. Citations and monetary penalties were related to injury severity, body part injured, disabling of safety devices, and insufficient personal protective equipment (PPE). Conclusions Differences may exist between construction and other industries in investigators interpretations of PNG injury causation and resulting citations/penalties. Violations of PPE standards were penalized most severely, yet the preventive effect of PPE would likely have been less than that of a safer sequential trigger. Am. J. Ind. Med. 59:164-174, 2016. Published 2016. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Lowe, Brian D.; Albers, James T.; Hudock, Stephen D.; Krieg, Edward F.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Lowe, BD (reprint author), NIOSH, 1090 Tusculum Ave,Mail Stop C-24, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM blowe@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0271-3586 EI 1097-0274 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 59 IS 2 BP 164 EP 174 DI 10.1002/ajim.22560 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DB0AF UT WOS:000368170300008 PM 26725335 ER PT J AU Caraballo, RS Jamal, A Nguyen, KH Kuiper, NM Arrazola, RA AF Caraballo, Ralph S. Jamal, Ahmed Nguyen, Kimberly H. Kuiper, Nicole M. Arrazola, Rene A. TI Electronic Nicotine Delivery System Use Among US Adults, 2014 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CIGARETTE USE; SMOKERS AB Introduction: Electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) use has increased rapidly in the U.S. in recent years. The availability and use of ENDS raise new issues for public health practice and tobacco regulation, as it is unknown whether patterns of ENDS use enhance, deter, or have no impact on combustible tobacco product use. This study assessed past-month, lifetime, and frequency of ENDS use among current, former, and never adult cigarette smokers. Methods: Data were analyzed from the 2014 Styles, a national consumer-based probability-based web panel survey of U.S. adults agedZ18 years (n = 4,269) conducted during June and July. Lifetime ENDS users were defined as those who reported having used ENDS >= 1 day in their lifetime. Past-month ENDS users were defined as those who reported using ENDS in the past 30 days. Results: In 2014, overall lifetime and past-month ENDS use was 14.1% and 4.8%, respectively. By smoking status, 49.5% of current, 14.7% of former, and 4.1% of never cigarette smokers had used ENDS in their lifetime, whereas 20.6% of current, 4.0% of former, and 0.8% of never smokers used ENDS in the past month. Among current and former cigarette smokers who ever used ENDS, 44.1% and 44.7% reported using ENDS >10 days in their lifetime, respectively. Conclusions: Because the effect ENDS use has on combustible tobacco products use is unknown, and lifetime and past-month ENDS use is more common among current than former or never smokers, continued surveillance of ENDS use among adults is critical to programs and policies. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Caraballo, Ralph S.; Jamal, Ahmed; Nguyen, Kimberly H.; Kuiper, Nicole M.; Arrazola, Rene A.] CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Caraballo, RS (reprint author), CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F-79, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM rfc8@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 50 IS 2 BP 226 EP 229 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.09.013 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA DB1DG UT WOS:000368247600016 PM 26687190 ER PT J AU Winn, AN Ekwueme, DU Guy, GP Neumann, PJ AF Winn, Aaron N. Ekwueme, Donatus U. Guy, Gery P., Jr. Neumann, Peter J. TI Cost-Utility Analysis of Cancer Prevention, Treatment, and Control A Systematic Review SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID COLORECTAL-CANCER; CARE; ONCOLOGY; HEALTH; DRUGS; MEDICARE; GUIDANCE; SERVICES AB Context: Substantial innovation related to cancer prevention and treatment has occurred in recent decades. However, these innovations have often come at a significant cost. Cost-utility analysis provides a useful framework to assess if the benefits from innovation are worth the additional cost. This systematic review on published cost-utility analyses related to cancer care is from 1988 through 2013. Analyses were conducted in 2013-2015. Evidence acquisition: This review analyzed data from the Tufts Medical Center Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Registry (www.cearegistry.org), a comprehensive registry with detailed information on 4,339 original cost-utility analyses published in the peer-reviewed medical and economic literature through 2013. Evidence synthesis: There were 721 cancer-related cost-utility analyses published from 1998 through 2013, with roughly 12% of studies focused on primary prevention and 17% focused on secondary prevention. The most often studied cancers were breast cancer (29%); colorectal cancer (11%); and prostate cancer (8%). The median reported incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (in 2014 U.S. dollars) were $25,000 for breast cancer, $24,000 for colorectal cancer, and $34,000 for prostate cancer. Conclusions: The current evidence indicates that there are many interventions that are cost effective across cancer sites and levels of prevention. However, the results highlight the relatively small number of cancer cost-utility analyses devoted to primary prevention compared with secondary or tertiary prevention. (C) 2016 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. All rights reserved. C1 [Winn, Aaron N.; Neumann, Peter J.] Tufts Med Ctr, Inst Clin Res & Hlth Policy Studies, Ctr Evaluat Value & Risk Hlth, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Winn, Aaron N.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Ekwueme, Donatus U.; Guy, Gery P., Jr.] CDC, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Neumann, PJ (reprint author), Tufts Med Ctr, Inst Clin Res & Hlth Policy Studies, Ctr Evaluat Value & Risk Hlth, 800 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM pneumann@tuftsmedicalcenter.org FU Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, CDC FX Funding for this study was provided by the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, CDC. We are grateful to Teja Thorat for help with data collection and analysis and Megan Farquhar for comments on the manuscript. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of CDC. NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 50 IS 2 BP 241 EP 248 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.08.009 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA DB1DG UT WOS:000368247600019 PM 26470806 ER PT J AU Ekwueme, DU Trogdon, JG AF Ekwueme, Donatus U. Trogdon, Justin G. TI The Economics of Breast Cancer in Younger Women in the US The Present and Future SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; ADJUVANT THERAPY; SURVIVORS; IMPACT; RISK; GUIDELINE; MORTALITY; CARCINOMA; DIAGNOSIS; HISTORY C1 [Ekwueme, Donatus U.] CDC, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Trogdon, Justin G.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Ekwueme, DU (reprint author), CDC, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM dce3@cdc.gov NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 50 IS 2 BP 249 EP 254 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.11.011 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA DB1DG UT WOS:000368247600020 PM 26775903 ER PT J AU Brown, DS Trogdon, JG Ekwueme, DU Chamiec-Case, L Guy, GP Tangka, FK Li, CY Trivers, KF Rodriguez, JL AF Brown, Derek S. Trogdon, Justin G. Ekwueme, Donatus U. Chamiec-Case, Linda Guy, Gery P., Jr. Tangka, Florence K. Li, Chunyu Trivers, Katrina F. Rodriguez, Juan L. TI Health State Utility Impact of Breast Cancer in US Women Aged 18-44 Years SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; EQ-5D; EXPECTANCY; DIAGNOSIS; SURVEILLANCE; SURVIVORS; INDEXES; SCORES; STAGE; RISK AB Introduction: Breast cancer affects women's health-related quality of life negatively, but little is known about how breast cancer affects this in younger women aged 18-44 years. This study measures preference-based health state utility (HSU) values, a scaled index of health-related quality of life for economic evaluation, for younger women with breast cancer and compares these values with same-age women with other cancers and older women (aged >= 45 years) with breast cancer. Methods: Data from the 2009 and 2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were analyzed in 2014. The sample included 218,852 women; 7,433 and 18,577 had histories of breast and other cancers. HSU values were estimated using Healthy Days survey questions and a published mapping algorithm. Linear regression models for HSU were estimated by age group (18-44 and >= 45 years). Results: The adjusted breast cancer HSU impact was four times larger for younger women than for older women (-0.097 vs -0.024, p<0.001). For younger women, the effect of breast cancer on HSU was 70% larger than that of other cancers (-0.097 vs -0.057, p = 0.024). Conclusions: Younger breast cancer survivors reported lower HSU values than older survivors, highlighting the impact of breast cancer on the physical and mental health of younger women. The estimates may be used to evaluate quality-adjusted life-years or expectancy for prevention or treatment of breast cancer. This study also indicates that separate quality of life adjustments for women by age group are important for economic analysis of public health breast cancer interventions. (C) 2016 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. All rights reserved. C1 [Brown, Derek S.] Washington Univ, Brown Sch, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Trogdon, Justin G.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Ekwueme, Donatus U.; Guy, Gery P., Jr.; Tangka, Florence K.; Li, Chunyu; Trivers, Katrina F.; Rodriguez, Juan L.] CDC, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Chamiec-Case, Linda] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Brown, DS (reprint author), Washington Univ, Brown Sch, 1 Campus Dr,Box 1196, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. EM dereksbrown@wustl.edu FU CDC [200-2008-27958] FX The authors thank Dr. Benjamin Craig of Moffitt Cancer Center for valuable guidance and advice during this project and the helpful suggestions of three anonymous reviewers. The findings and conclusions in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of CDC. This research was supported by contract number 200-2008-27958 Task Order 0015 from CDC to RTI International. NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 50 IS 2 BP 255 EP 261 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.07.020 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA DB1DG UT WOS:000368247600021 PM 26775904 ER PT J AU Trogdon, JG Ekwueme, DU Chamiec-Case, L Guy, GP AF Trogdon, Justin G. Ekwueme, Donatus U. Chamiec-Case, Linda Guy, Gery P., Jr. TI Breast Cancer in Young Women Health State Utility Impacts by Race/Ethnicity SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; LONG-TERM; SURVIVORS; DIAGNOSIS; EQ-5D; AGE; OUTCOMES; SAMPLE; DISPARITIES; RECURRENCE AB Introduction: Little is known about the effect of breast cancers on health-related quality of life among women diagnosed between age 18 and 44 years. The goal of this study is to estimate the effect of breast cancer on health state utility by age at diagnosis (18-44 years versus >= 45 years) and by race/ethnicity. Methods: The analytic sample, drawn from the 2009 and 2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and analyzed in 2013, included women diagnosed with breast cancer between age 18 and 44 years (n = 1,389) and age >= 45 years (n = 6,037). Health state utility values were estimated using Healthy Days variables and a published algorithm. Regression analysis was conducted separately by age at diagnosis and race/ethnicity. Results: The breast cancer health state utility decrement within 1 year from date of diagnosis was larger for women diagnosed at age 18-44 years than for women diagnosed at age >= 45 years (-0.116 vs -0.070, p<0.05). Within the younger age-at-diagnosis group, Hispanic women 2-4 years after diagnosis had the largest health state utility decrement (-0.221, p<0.01), followed by non-Hispanic white women within 1 year of diagnosis (-0.126, p<0.01). Conclusions: This study is the first to report estimates of health state utility values for breast cancer by age at diagnosis and race/ethnicity from a nationwide sample. The results highlight the need for separate quality of life adjustments for women by age at diagnosis and race/ethnicity when conducting cost-effectiveness analysis of breast cancer prevention, detection, and treatment. (C) 2016 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. All rights reserved. C1 [Trogdon, Justin G.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. [Ekwueme, Donatus U.; Guy, Gery P., Jr.] CDC, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Chamiec-Case, Linda] RTI Int, Publ Hlth Econ Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Trogdon, JG (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, 135 Dauer Dr,CB-7411, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. EM justintrogdon@unc.edu FU CDC [200-2008-27958] FX The findings and conclusions in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of CDC. This research was supported by contract number 200-2008-27958 Task Order 0026 from CDC to RTI International. NR 52 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 50 IS 2 BP 262 EP 269 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.09.026 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA DB1DG UT WOS:000368247600022 PM 26775905 ER PT J AU Allaire, BT Ekwueme, DU Guy, GP Li, CY Tangka, FK Trivers, KF Sabatino, SA Rodriguez, JL Trogdon, JG AF Allaire, Benjamin T. Ekwueme, Donatus U. Guy, Gery P., Jr. Li, Chunyu Tangka, Florence K. Trivers, Katrina F. Sabatino, Susan A. Rodriguez, Juan L. Trogdon, Justin G. TI Medical Care Costs of Breast Cancer in Privately Insured Women Aged 18-44 Years SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID YOUNG-WOMEN; UNITED-STATES; HEALTH; SURVIVORS; FERTILITY; DIAGNOSIS; POPULATION; OUTCOMES; IMPACT; ISSUES AB Introduction: Breast cancer in women aged 18-44 years accounts for approximately 27,000 newly diagnosed cases and 3,000 deaths annually. When tumors are diagnosed, they are usually aggressive, resulting in expensive treatment costs. The purpose of this study is to estimate the prevalent medical costs attributable to breast cancer treatment among privately insured younger women. Methods: Data from the 2006 MarketScan (R) database representing claims for privately insured younger women were used. Costs for younger breast cancer patients were compared with a matched sample of younger women without breast cancer, overall and for an active treatment subsample. Analyses were conducted in 2013 with medical care costs expressed in 2012 U.S. dollars. Results: Younger women with breast cancer incurred an estimated $19,435 (SE = $415) in additional direct medical care costs per person per year compared with younger women without breast cancer. Outpatient expenditures comprised 94% of the total estimated costs ($18,344 [SE = $396]). Inpatient costs were $43 (SE = $10) higher and prescription drug costs were $1,048 (SE = $64) higher for younger women with breast cancer than in younger women without breast cancer. For women in active treatment, the burden was more than twice as high ($52,542 [SE = $977]). Conclusions: These estimates suggest that breast cancer is a costly illness to treat among younger, privately insured women. This underscores the potential financial vulnerability of women in this age group and the importance of health insurance during this time in life. (C) 2016 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. All rights reserved. C1 [Allaire, Benjamin T.] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Ekwueme, Donatus U.; Guy, Gery P., Jr.; Li, Chunyu; Tangka, Florence K.; Trivers, Katrina F.; Sabatino, Susan A.; Rodriguez, Juan L.] CDC, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Trogdon, Justin G.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Allaire, BT (reprint author), RTI Int, 3040 Cornwallis Rd,POB 12194, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM ballaire@rti.org NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 50 IS 2 BP 270 EP 277 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.08.035 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA DB1DG UT WOS:000368247600023 PM 26775906 ER PT J AU Ekwueme, DU Allaire, BT Guy, GP Arnold, S Trogdon, JG AF Ekwueme, Donatus U. Allaire, Benjamin T. Guy, Gery P., Jr. Arnold, Sarah Trogdon, Justin G. TI Treatment Costs of Breast Cancer Among Younger Women Aged 19-44 Years Enrolled in Medicaid SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-CARE; UNITED-STATES; SURVIVORS; DIAGNOSIS; DISPARITIES; INSURANCE; POPULATION; ACCESS; STAGE; RACE AB Introduction: A few studies have examined the costs of breast cancer treatment in a Medicaid population at the state level. However, no study has estimated medical costs for breast cancer treatment at the national level for women aged 19-44 years enrolled in Medicaid. Methods: A sample of 5,542 younger women aged 19-44 years enrolled in fee-for-service Medicaid with diagnosis codes for breast cancer in 2007 were compared with 4.3 million women aged 19-44 years enrolled in fee-for-service Medicaid without breast cancer. Nonlinear regression methods estimated prevalent treatment costs for younger women with breast cancer compared with those without breast cancer. Individual medical costs were estimated by race/ethnicity and by type of services. Analyses were conducted in 2013 and all medical treatment costs were adjusted to 2012 U.S. dollars. Results: The estimated monthly direct medical costs for breast cancer treatment among younger women enrolled in Medicaid was $5,711 (95% CI = $5,039, $6,383) per woman. The estimated monthly cost for outpatient services was $4,058 (95% CI = $3,575, $4,541), for inpatient services was $1,003 (95% CI = $708, $1,298), and for prescription drugs was $539 (95% CI = $431, $647). By race/ethnicity, non-Hispanic white women had the highest monthly total medical costs, followed by Hispanic women and non-Hispanic women of other race. Conclusions: Cost estimates demonstrate the substantial medical costs associated with breast cancer treatment for younger Medicaid beneficiaries. As the Medicaid program continues to evolve, the treatment cost estimates could serve as important inputs in decision making regarding planning for treatment of invasive breast cancer in this population. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Ekwueme, Donatus U.; Guy, Gery P., Jr.] CDC, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Allaire, Benjamin T.; Arnold, Sarah] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Trogdon, Justin G.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Ekwueme, DU (reprint author), CDC, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM dce3@cdc.gov NR 50 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 50 IS 2 BP 278 EP 285 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.10.017 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA DB1DG UT WOS:000368247600024 PM 26775907 ER PT J AU Ekwueme, DU Trogdon, JG Khavjou, OA Guy, GP AF Ekwueme, Donatus U. Trogdon, Justin G. Khavjou, Olga A. Guy, Gery P., Jr. TI Productivity Costs Associated With Breast Cancer Among Survivors Aged 18-44 Years SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HEALTH; WOMEN; ABSENTEEISM; DISABILITY; IMPACT; WORK; US AB Introduction: No study has quantified productivity losses associated with breast cancer in younger women aged 18-44 years. This study estimated productivity costs, including work and home productivity losses, among younger women who reported ever receiving a breast cancer diagnosis. Methods: A two-part regression model and 2000-2010 National Health Interview Survey data were used to estimate the number of work and home productivity days missed because of breast cancer, adjusted for socioeconomic characteristics and comorbidities. Estimates for younger women were compared with those for women aged 45-64 years. Data were analyzed in 2013-2014. Results: Per capita, younger women with breast cancer had annual losses of $2,293 (95% CI = $1,069, $3,518) from missed work and $442 (95% CI = $161, $723) from missed home productivity. Total annual breast cancer-associated productivity costs for younger women were $344 million (95% CI = $154 million, $535 million). Older women with breast cancer had lower per capita work loss productivity costs of $1,407 (95% CI = $899, $1,915) but higher total work loss productivity costs estimated at $1,072 million (95% CI = $685 million, $1,460 million) than younger women. Conclusions: Younger women with a history of breast cancer face a disproportionate share of work and home productivity losses. Although older women have lower per capita costs, total productivity costs were higher for older women because the number of older women with breast cancer is higher. The results underscore the importance of continued efforts by the public health community to promote and support the unique needs of younger breast cancer survivors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Ekwueme, Donatus U.; Guy, Gery P., Jr.] CDC, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Trogdon, Justin G.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Khavjou, Olga A.] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Ekwueme, DU (reprint author), CDC, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM dce3@cdc.gov FU CDC [200-2008-27958] FX The findings and conclusions in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of CDC. This research was supported by contract number 200-2008-27958 Task Order 0026 from CDC to RTI International. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 50 IS 2 BP 286 EP 294 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.10.006 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA DB1DG UT WOS:000368247600025 PM 26775908 ER PT J AU Reidy, DE Brookmeyer, KA Gentile, B Berke, DS Zeichner, A AF Reidy, Dennis E. Brookmeyer, Kathryn A. Gentile, Brittany Berke, Danielle S. Zeichner, Amos TI Gender Role Discrepancy Stress, High-Risk Sexual Behavior, and Sexually Transmitted Disease SO ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE Discrepancy stress; Masculinity; Risky sexual behavior; Sexually transmitted disease; Sexually transmitted infection ID ADOLESCENT BOYS AB Nearly 20 million new sexually transmitted infections occur every year in the United States. Traditionally, men have demonstrated much greater risk for contraction of and mortality from STDs perhaps because they tend to engage in a number of risky sexual activities. Research on masculinity suggests that gender roles influence males' sexual health by encouraging risk-taking behavior, discouraging access to health services, and narrowly defining their roles as partners. However, despite the propensity of highly masculine men to engage in high-risk sexual behavior, there is reason to suspect that men at the other end of the continuum may still be driven to engage in similar high-risk behaviors as a consequence of gender socialization. Discrepancy stress is a form of gender role stress that occurs when men fail to live up to the ideal manhood derived from societal prescriptions (i.e., Gender Role Discrepancy). In the present study, we surveyed a national sample of 600 men via Amazon Mechanical Turk to assess perceived gender role discrepancy, experience of discrepancy stress, and the associations with risky sexual behavior and potential contraction of STDs. Results indicated that men who believe they are less masculine than the typical man (i.e., gender role discrepancy) and experience distress stemming from this discrepancy (i.e., discrepancy stress) engage in high-risk sexual behavior and are subsequently diagnosed with more STDs. Findings are discussed in relation to implications for primary prevention strategies. C1 [Reidy, Dennis E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Athens, GA 30341 USA. [Reidy, Dennis E.; Gentile, Brittany; Berke, Danielle S.; Zeichner, Amos] Univ Georgia, Dept Psychol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Brookmeyer, Kathryn A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Athens, GA 30341 USA. RP Reidy, DE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Athens, GA 30341 USA. EM dreidy@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 10 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0004-0002 EI 1573-2800 J9 ARCH SEX BEHAV JI Arch. Sex. Behav. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 45 IS 2 BP 459 EP 465 DI 10.1007/s10508-014-0413-0 PG 7 WC Psychology, Clinical; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Psychology; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA DA4WE UT WOS:000367801900020 PM 25564036 ER PT J AU Ruiz, P Ingale, K Wheeler, JS Mumtaz, M AF Ruiz, Patricia Ingale, Kundan Wheeler, John S. Mumtaz, Moiz TI 3D QSAR studies of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls as potential xenoestrogens SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE 2D QSAR; 3D QSAR; OH-PCBs; In silico modeling; kNN MFA ID END-POINTS; METABOLITES; CHEMICALS; TOXICITY; ESTROGEN; APPLICABILITY; PREDICTION; RECEPTORS; CELLS; PCBS AB Mono-hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (OH-PCBs) are found in human biological samples and lack of data on their potential estrogenic activity has been a source of concern. We have extended our previous in silica 2D QSAR study through the application of advance techniques such as docking and 3D QSAR to gain insights into their estrogen receptor (ER alpha) binding. The results support our earlier findings that the hydroxyl group is the most important feature on the compounds; its position, orientation and surroundings in the structure are influential for the binding of OH-PCBs to ER alpha. This study has also revealed the following additional interactions that influence estrogenicity of these chemicals (a) the aromatic interactions of the biphenyl moieties with the receptor, (b) hydrogen bonding interactions of the p-hydroxyl group with key amino acids ARG394 and GLU353, (c) low or no electronegative substitution at para-positions of the p-hydroxyl group, (d) enhanced electrostatic interactions at the meta position on the B ring, and (e) co-planarity of the hydroxyl group on the A ring. In combination the 2D and 3D QSAR approaches have led us to the support conclusion that the hydroxyl group is the most important feature on the OH-PCB influencing the binding to estrogen receptors, and have enhanced our understanding of the mechanistic details of estrogenicity of this class of chemicals. Such in silica computational methods could serve as useful tools in risk assessment of chemicals. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Ruiz, Patricia; Wheeler, John S.; Mumtaz, Moiz] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Computat Toxicol & Methods Dev Lab, Div Toxicol & Human Hlth Sci, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ingale, Kundan] VLife Sci Tech Pvt Ltd, Pune 411045, Maharashtra, India. RP Ruiz, P (reprint author), Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Computat Toxicol & Methods Dev Lab, Div Toxicol & Human Hlth Sci, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS F57, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pruiz@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 EI 1879-1298 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD FEB PY 2016 VL 144 BP 2238 EP 2246 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.11.004 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DA4MQ UT WOS:000367774400284 PM 26598992 ER PT J AU Jatlaoui, TC Riley, H Curtis, KM AF Jatlaoui, Tara C. Riley, Halley Curtis, Kathryn M. TI Safety data for levonorgestrel, ulipristal acetate and Yuzpe regimens for emergency contraception SO CONTRACEPTION LA English DT Review DE Emergency contraceptive pills; Ulipristal; Levonorgestrel; Yuzpe; Safety ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; POST-COITAL CONTRACEPTION; POSTCOITAL CONTRACEPTION; ETHINYL ESTRADIOL; NORGESTREL COMBINATION; OBSERVATIONAL COHORT; CLINICAL-TRIAL; DL-NORGESTREL; MIFEPRISTONE; PILLS AB The World Health Organization (WHO) and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) provide recommendations for use of emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs), including levonorgestrel (LNG) and combined oral contraceptives (COCs). A new ECP formulation, ulipristal acetate (UPA), is now available worldwide. To determine whether LNG, UPA or COC (Yuzpe) ECPs are safe for women with certain characteristics or medical conditions, we searched the PubMed and Cochrane databases for articles published from date of inception until May 2015 pertaining to the safety of LNG, UPA or Yuzpe ECP use. For direct evidence, we considered studies that looked at safety outcomes among women with certain medical conditions or characteristics taking ECPs compared with women not taking ECPs. For indirect evidence, we considered studies that reported pharmacokinetic (PK) data for ECP use among women with certain medical conditions or characteristics and studies that reported safety outcomes among healthy women taking ECPs. Five studies provided direct evidence; of these five studies, four examined LNG or Yuzpe use among pregnant or breastfeeding women, and one reported risk of ectopic pregnancy among women repeatedly using LNG ECPs. Poor pregnancy outcomes were rare among pregnant women who used LNG or Yuzpe ECPs during the conception cycle or early pregnancy. Breastfeeding outcomes did not differ between women exposed to LNG ECP and those unexposed, and there was no increased risk of ectopic pregnancy versus intrauterine pregnancy after repeated use of LNG ECPs compared with nonuse. Forty-five studies provided indirect evidence. One PK study demonstrated that LNG passes into breastmilk but in minimal quantities. hi addition, nine studies examined pregnancy outcomes following ECP failure among healthy women, and 35 articles reported adverse events. Studies suggest that serious adverse events are rare among women taking any of these ECP formulations. Implications: Evidence on safety of ECPs among women with characteristics or medical conditions listed within WHO and CDC family planning guidance is limited. However, both direct and indirect evidence for our study question did not suggest any special safety concerns for the use of ECPs among women with particular medical conditions or personal characteristics, such as pregnancy, lactation or frequent ECP use. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Jatlaoui, Tara C.; Riley, Halley; Curtis, Kathryn M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Jatlaoui, TC (reprint author), 4770 Buford Hwy,Mailstop F-74, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM tjatlaoui@cdc.gov NR 52 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-7824 EI 1879-0518 J9 CONTRACEPTION JI Contraception PD FEB PY 2016 VL 93 IS 2 BP 93 EP 112 DI 10.1016/j.contraception.2015.11.001 PG 20 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA DB2EJ UT WOS:000368320800002 PM 26546020 ER PT J AU Liddon, N Olsen, EO Carter, M Hatfield-Timajchy, K AF Liddon, Nicole Olsen, Emily O'Malley Carter, Marion Hatfield-Timajchy, Kendra TI Withdrawal as pregnancy prevention and associated risk factors among US high school students: findings from the 2011 National Youth Risk Behavior Survey SO CONTRACEPTION LA English DT Article DE Withdrawal; Adolescent sexual health; Contraception; Sexual risk ID CONTRACEPTIVE FAILURE; FAMILY GROWTH; ADOLESCENTS; HEALTH; WOMEN AB Purpose: Withdrawal is less effective for preventing pregnancy than other contraceptive methods and offers no protection against sexually transmitted infections including HIV. Little is known from a national perspective about adolescents who primarily use withdrawal. This study describes the prevalence of withdrawal as their primary method of pregnancy prevention at last sexual intercourse among sexually active US high school students and associations with sexual risk and substance use. Methods: Data from the 2011 National Youth Risk Behavior Survey were used to estimate sexually active students' most recent contraceptive method. Logistic regressions examined sexual behaviors and substance use, comparing students who used withdrawal to those who used no method, a condom and a highly effective method. Results: Among 4793 currently sexually active students, 10.2% used withdrawal only, 12.4% used no method, 53.6% used a condom and 23.8% used a more effective method as their primary form of pregnancy prevention during last sexual intercourse. Students who used withdrawal were less likely than those who used no method to have had sexual intercourse before age 13 years (Adjusted Prevalence Ratio (APR) = .56) and currently use cocaine (APR = .36). Among females, students who used withdrawal were more likely to engage in risky behaviors than those who used a condom and those who used a highly effective method of pregnancy prevention in a number of ways (e.g., having multiple sex partners during the past 3 months, current alcohol use, binge drinking, current marijuana use, drank alcohol or used drugs before last sexual intercourse). Conclusions: Approximately 1 in 10 sexually active students used withdrawal only, about the same percentage as those who used no method. Health care providers and others who serve adolescents may want to discuss its pros and cons with their clients and help ensure that they have information about and access to other contraceptive methods that are more effective at preventing pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections. Health care professionals should not consider young people who use withdrawal similar in risk to those that use no method. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Liddon, Nicole; Olsen, Emily O'Malley] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Carter, Marion] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hatfield-Timajchy, Kendra] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Liddon, N (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM nel6@cdc.gov NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-7824 EI 1879-0518 J9 CONTRACEPTION JI Contraception PD FEB PY 2016 VL 93 IS 2 BP 126 EP 132 DI 10.1016/j.contraception.2015.08.015 PG 7 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA DB2EJ UT WOS:000368320800005 PM 26363434 ER PT J AU Redwood, D Provost, E Lopez, EDS Skewes, M Johnson, R Christensen, C Sacco, F Haverkamp, D AF Redwood, Diana Provost, Ellen Lopez, Ellen D. S. Skewes, Monica Johnson, Rhonda Christensen, Claudia Sacco, Frank Haverkamp, Donald TI A Process Evaluation of the Alaska Native Colorectal Cancer Family Outreach Program SO HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE Alaska Native people; colorectal cancer prevention; colorectal cancer screening; data-sharing protocols; family history; patient navigators; program sustainability ID SCREENING BEHAVIOR; HISTORY; RELATIVES; RISK; SURVEILLANCE; GUIDELINES; BARRIERS; TOOL AB This article presents the results of a process evaluation of the Alaska Native (AN) Colorectal Cancer (CRC) Family Outreach Program, which encourages CRC screening among AN first-degree relatives (i.e., parents, siblings, adult children; hereafter referred to as relatives) of CRC patients. Among AN people incidence and death rates from CRC are the highest of any ethnic/racial group in the United States. Relatives of CRC patients are at increased risk; however, CRC can be prevented and detected early through screening. The evaluation included key informant interviews (August to November 2012) with AN and non-AN stakeholders and program document review. Five key process evaluation components were identified: program formation, evolution, outreach responses, strengths, and barriers and challenges. Key themes included an incremental approach that led to a fully formed program and the need for dedicated, culturally competent patient navigation. Challenges included differing relatives' responses to screening outreach, health system data access and coordination, and the program impact of reliance on grant funding. This program evaluation indicated a need for more research into motivating patient screening behaviors, electronic medical records systems quality improvement projects, improved data-sharing protocols, and program sustainability planning to continue the dedicated efforts to promote screening in this increased risk population. C1 [Redwood, Diana; Provost, Ellen; Christensen, Claudia; Sacco, Frank] Alaska Native Tribal Hlth Consortium, Alaska Native Epidemiol Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Lopez, Ellen D. S.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK USA. [Skewes, Monica] Montana State Univ, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Johnson, Rhonda] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK USA. [Haverkamp, Donald] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Redwood, D (reprint author), Alaska Native Tribal Hlth Consortium, Alaska Native Epidemiol Ctr, 3900 Ambassador Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM dredwood@anthc.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control FX The authors disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: Funding for this study was provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1090-1981 EI 1552-6127 J9 HEALTH EDUC BEHAV JI Health Educ. Behav. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 43 IS 1 BP 35 EP 42 DI 10.1177/1090198115590781 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DB2IW UT WOS:000368332500007 PM 26157041 ER PT J AU Allison, RD Holmberg, SD AF Allison, Robert D. Holmberg, Scott D. TI Reply to "Younger age at cancer diagnosis may be driven by age structure of the HCV population" SO JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID HEPATITIS C1 [Allison, Robert D.; Holmberg, Scott D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Allison, RD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM rallison@cdc.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-8278 EI 1600-0641 J9 J HEPATOL JI J. Hepatol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 64 IS 2 BP 517 EP 518 PG 3 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA DB1PF UT WOS:000368280200027 PM 26555269 ER PT J AU Marshall, GN Schell, TL Wong, EC Berthold, SM Hambarsoomian, K Elliott, MN Bardenheier, BH Gregg, EW AF Marshall, Grant N. Schell, Terry L. Wong, Eunice C. Berthold, S. Megan Hambarsoomian, Katrin Elliott, Marc N. Bardenheier, Barbara H. Gregg, Edward W. TI Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Cambodian Refugees SO JOURNAL OF IMMIGRANT AND MINORITY HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Epidemiology; Refugees; Diabetes; Cardiovascular risk ID HIGH BLOOD-PRESSURE; MENTAL-HEALTH; UNITED-STATES; 2 DECADES; CHILDHOOD; EVENTS; WOMEN; RESETTLEMENT; ASSOCIATION; PREVALENCE AB To determine rates of diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia in Cambodian refugees, and to assess the proportion whose conditions are satisfactorily managed in comparison to the general population. Self-report and laboratory/physical health assessment data obtained from a household probability sample of U.S.-residing Cambodian refugees (N = 331) in 2010-2011 were compared to a probability sample of the adult U.S. population (N = 6,360) from the 2009-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Prevalence of diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidemia in Cambodian refugees greatly exceeded rates found in the age- and gender-adjusted U.S. population. Cambodian refugees with diagnosed hypertension or hyperlipidemia were less likely than their counterparts in the general U.S. population to have blood pressure and total cholesterol within recommended levels. Increased attention should be paid to prevention and management of diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk factors in the Cambodian refugee community. Research is needed to determine whether this pattern extends to other refugee groups. C1 [Marshall, Grant N.; Schell, Terry L.; Wong, Eunice C.; Berthold, S. Megan; Hambarsoomian, Katrin; Elliott, Marc N.] RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA 90407 USA. [Berthold, S. Megan] Univ Connecticut, Hartford, CT USA. [Bardenheier, Barbara H.; Gregg, Edward W.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Marshall, GN (reprint author), RAND Corp, 1776 Main St,POB 2138, Santa Monica, CA 90407 USA. EM grantm@rand.org FU National Institute of Mental Health [R01MH059555, R01MH082069]; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism [R01AA013818] FX This research was supported by grants from the National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH059555; R01MH082069) and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R01AA013818) awarded to Grant Marshall. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the RAND Corporation, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The authors express appreciation to Judy Perlman, M.A., Suzanne Perry, M.A., and the RAND Survey Research Group team for their help with data collection. We gratefully acknowledge the contribution of our interviewers to the success of this research. We particularly thank Bryant Ben who served as a community advisor. Finally, we are indebted to the research participants who made this study possible. NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1557-1912 EI 1557-1920 J9 J IMMIGR MINOR HEALT JI J. Immigr. Minor. Health PD FEB PY 2016 VL 18 IS 1 BP 110 EP 117 DI 10.1007/s10903-014-0142-4 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DB0DX UT WOS:000368179900014 PM 25651882 ER PT J AU Jones, SE Pezzi, C Rodriguez-Lainz, A Whittle, L AF Jones, Sherry Everett Pezzi, Clelia Rodriguez-Lainz, Alfonso Whittle, Lisa TI Health Risk Behaviors by Length of Time in the United States Among High School Students in Five Sites SO JOURNAL OF IMMIGRANT AND MINORITY HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Immigrant; Acculturation; Youth; High school students; Health risk behaviors ID SUBSTANCE USE; IMMIGRANT ADOLESCENTS; LATINO ADOLESCENTS; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; ACCULTURATION; YOUTH; SURVEILLANCE; CALIFORNIA; ETHNICITY; DRINKING AB One in five public school students is from an immigrant-headed household. We used Youth Risk Behavior Survey data from one state and four large urban school districts to examine whether length of time living in the US was associated with health risk behaviors. Logistic regression models, using weighted data, controlled for sex, race/ethnicity, and grade. Compared to US natives, not having always lived in the US was correlated with lower risk for some behaviors (e.g., current marijuana use and alcohol use) among high school students, but higher risk for other behaviors (e.g., attempted suicide, physical inactivity). Many findings were inconsistent across the study sites. Interventions that specifically target recently-arrived school-aged youth to prevent behaviors that put health and safety at risk, may result in the best outcomes for immigrant youth. Care should be taken to understand the specific health risks present in different immigrant communities. C1 [Jones, Sherry Everett; Whittle, Lisa] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Pezzi, Clelia; Rodriguez-Lainz, Alfonso] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Jones, SE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-E75, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM sce2@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1557-1912 EI 1557-1920 J9 J IMMIGR MINOR HEALT JI J. Immigr. Minor. Health PD FEB PY 2016 VL 18 IS 1 BP 150 EP 160 DI 10.1007/s10903-014-0151-3 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DB0DX UT WOS:000368179900018 PM 25538004 ER PT J AU Shuaibu, FM Birukila, G Usman, S Mohammed, A Galway, M Corkum, M Damisa, E Mkanda, P Mahoney, F Nganda, GW Vertefeuille, J Chavez, A Meleh, S Banda, R Some, A Mshelia, H Umar, AU Enemaku, O Etsano, A AF Shuaibu, Faisal M. Birukila, Gerida Usman, Samuel Mohammed, Ado Galway, Michael Corkum, Melissa Damisa, Eunice Mkanda, Pascal Mahoney, Frank Nganda, Gatei Wa Vertefeuille, John Chavez, Anna Meleh, Sule Banda, Richard Some, Almai Mshelia, Hyelni Umar, Al-Umra Enemaku, Ogu Etsano, Andrew TI Mass immunization with inactivated polio vaccine in conflict zones - Experience from Borno and Yobe States, North-Eastern Nigeria SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH POLICY LA English DT Article DE immunization; IPV; OPV; polio; war; Nigeria ID POLIOMYELITIS; ERADICATION; IMMUNITY; CHILDREN; INDIA AB The use of Inactivated Polio Vaccine (IPV) in routine immunization to replace Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV) is crucial in eradicating polio. In June 2014, Nigeria launched an IPV campaign in the conflict-affected states of Borno and Yobe, the largest ever implemented in Africa. We present the initiatives and lessons learned. The 8-day event involved two parallel campaigns. OPV target age was 0-59 months, while IPV targeted all children aged 14 weeks to 59 months. The Borno state primary health care agency set up temporary health camps for the exercise and treated minor ailments for all. The target population for the OPV campaign was 685 674 children in Borno and 113 774 in Yobe. The IPV target population for Borno was 608 964 and for Yobe 111 570. OPV coverage was 105.1 per cent for Borno and 103.3 per cent for Yobe. IPV coverage was 102.9 per cent for Borno and 99.1 per cent for Yobe. (Where we describe coverage as greater than 100 per cent, this reflects original underestimates of the target populations.) A successful campaign and IPV immunization is viable in conflict areas. C1 [Shuaibu, Faisal M.; Damisa, Eunice; Etsano, Andrew] Natl Polio Emergency Operat EOC, Abuja, Nigeria. [Birukila, Gerida] UNICEF, Polio & Routine Immunizat, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria. [Mohammed, Ado] Natl Primary Hlth Care Dev Agcy, Abuja, Nigeria. [Galway, Michael] Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn, Global Hlth Vaccine Delivery Team, Abuja, Nigeria. [Mkanda, Pascal; Chavez, Anna; Banda, Richard] Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn, Abuja, Nigeria. [Corkum, Melissa] UNICEF, Polio Commun, Abuja, Nigeria. [Umar, Al-Umra; Enemaku, Ogu] UNICEF, Abuja, Nigeria. [Mkanda, Pascal; Chavez, Anna; Meleh, Sule; Some, Almai; Mshelia, Hyelni] World Hlth Org, Abuja, Nigeria. [Banda, Richard] World Hlth Org, Polio Immunizat Program, Abuja, Nigeria. [Mahoney, Frank; Nganda, Gatei Wa; Vertefeuille, John] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Meleh, Sule; Some, Almai; Mshelia, Hyelni] Polio Emergency Operat Ctr, Abuja, Borno State, Nigeria. RP Birukila, G (reprint author), UNICEF, Polio & Routine Immunizat, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU PALGRAVE MACMILLAN LTD PI BASINGSTOKE PA BRUNEL RD BLDG, HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HANTS, ENGLAND SN 0197-5897 EI 1745-655X J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH POL JI J. Public Health Policy PD FEB PY 2016 VL 37 IS 1 BP 36 EP 50 DI 10.1057/jphp.2015.34 PG 15 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DB3JC UT WOS:000368406000003 PM 26538455 ER PT J AU Reyes, HLM Foshee, VA Niolon, PH Reidy, DE Hall, JE AF Reyes, H. Luz McNaughton Foshee, Vangie A. Niolon, Phyllis Holditch Reidy, Dennis E. Hall, Jeffrey E. TI Gender Role Attitudes and Male Adolescent Dating Violence Perpetration: Normative Beliefs as Moderators SO JOURNAL OF YOUTH AND ADOLESCENCE LA English DT Article DE Adolescence; Dating violence; Gender role attitudes; Normative beliefs; Longitudinal ID INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE; ABUSE PERPETRATION; PREVENTION PROGRAM; PROTECTIVE FACTORS; SEXUAL VIOLENCE; SAFE DATES; AGGRESSION; NORMS; RISK; PREDICTORS AB Commonly used dating violence prevention programs assume that promotion of more egalitarian gender role attitudes will prevent dating violence perpetration. Empirical research examining this assumption, however, is limited and inconsistent. The current study examined the longitudinal association between gender role attitudes and physical dating violence perpetration among adolescent boys (n = 577; 14 % Black, 5 % other race/ethnicity) and examined whether injunctive (i.e., acceptance of dating violence) and descriptive (i.e., beliefs about dating violence prevalence) normative beliefs moderated the association. As expected, the findings suggest that traditional gender role attitudes at T1 were associated with increased risk for dating violence perpetration 18 months later (T2) among boys who reported high, but not low, acceptance of dating violence (injunctive normative beliefs) at T1. Descriptive norms did not moderate the effect of gender role attitudes on dating violence perpetration. The results suggest that injunctive norms and gender role attitudes work synergistically to increase risk for dating violence perpetration among boys; as such, simultaneously targeting both of these constructs may be an effective prevention approach. C1 [Reyes, H. Luz McNaughton; Foshee, Vangie A.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Niolon, Phyllis Holditch; Reidy, Dennis E.; Hall, Jeffrey E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Reyes, HLM (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav, 319E Rosenau Hall CB 7440, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM mcnaught@email.unc.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U81/CCU409964]; CDC [13IPA130569, 13IPA1303570] FX This study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Cooperative Agreement Number U81/CCU409964 and by an inter-personnel agency agreement (IPA) between Dr. Reyes and the CDC (13IPA130569) and between Dr. Foshee and the CDC (13IPA1303570). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 63 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 14 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0047-2891 EI 1573-6601 J9 J YOUTH ADOLESCENCE JI J. Youth Adolesc. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 45 IS 2 BP 350 EP 360 DI 10.1007/s10964-015-0278-0 PG 11 WC Psychology, Developmental SC Psychology GA DB0KZ UT WOS:000368198300008 PM 25831994 ER PT J AU Roberts, H Kruszon-Moran, D Ly, KN Hughes, E Iqbal, K Jiles, RB Holmberg, SD AF Roberts, Henry Kruszon-Moran, Deanna Ly, Kathleen N. Hughes, Elizabeth Iqbal, Kashif Jiles, Ruth B. Holmberg, Scott D. TI Prevalence of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Infection in US Households: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 1988-2012 SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FOREIGN-BORN PERSONS; UNITED-STATES; VACCINATION; CARE; IDENTIFICATION; DISEASE; BURDEN; ACCESS; SITES; MODEL AB The number of persons with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in the United States is affected by diminishing numbers of young persons who are susceptible because of universal infant vaccination since 1991, offset by numbers of HBV-infected persons migrating to the United States from endemic countries. The prevalence of HBV infection was determined by serological testing and analysis among noninstitutionalized persons age 6 years and older for: antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc), indicative of previous HBV infection; hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), indicative of chronic (current) infection; and antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs), indicative of immunity from vaccination. These prevalence estimates were analyzed in three periods of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES): 1988-1994 (21,260 persons); 1999-2008 (29,828); and 2007-2012 (22,358). In 20112012, for the first time, non-Hispanic Asians were oversampled in NHANES. For the most recent period (2007-2012), 3.9% had anti-HBc, indicating approximately 10.8 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 9.4-12.2) million noninstitutionalized U.S. residents having ever been infected with HBV. The overall prevalence of chronic HBV infection has remained constant since 1999: 0.3% (95% CI: 0.2-0.4), and since 1999, prevalence of chronic HBV infection among non-Hispanic blacks has been 2- to 3-fold greater than the general population. An estimated 3.1% (1.8%-5.2%) of non-Hispanic Asians were chronically infected with HBV during 2011-2012, which reflects a 10-fold greater prevalence than the general population. Adjusted prevalence of vaccine-induced immunity increased 16% since 1999, and the number of persons (mainly young) with serological evidence of vaccine protection from HBV infection rose from 57.8 (95% CI: 55.4-60.1) million to 68.5 (95% CI: 65.4-71.2) million. Conclusion: Despite increasing immune protection in young persons vaccinated in infancy, an analysis of chronic hepatitis B prevalence in racial and ethnic populations indicates that during 2011-2012, there were 847,000 HBV infections (which included similar to 400,000 non-Hispanic Asians) in the noninstitutionalized U.S. population. C1 [Roberts, Henry; Ly, Kathleen N.; Hughes, Elizabeth; Iqbal, Kashif; Jiles, Ruth B.; Holmberg, Scott D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, CDC Mailstop G-37, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Kruszon-Moran, Deanna] Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Div Hlth Nutr Examinat Surveys, Rockville, MD USA. RP Roberts, H (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, CDC Mailstop G-37, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM hdr9@cdc.gov NR 37 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0270-9139 EI 1527-3350 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD FEB PY 2016 VL 63 IS 2 BP 388 EP 397 DI 10.1002/hep.28109 PG 10 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA EL6VS UT WOS:000394761100010 PM 26251317 ER PT J AU Farcas, D Lee, T Chisholm, WP Soo, JC Harper, M AF Farcas, Daniel Lee, Taekhee Chisholm, William P. Soo, Jhy-Charm Harper, Martin TI Replacement of filters for respirable quartz measurement in coal mine dust by infrared spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE Coal mine dust; nylon filter; polypropylene filter; polyvinyl chloride filter; respirable silica; quartz ID SAMPLERS AB The objective of this article is to compare and characterize nylon, polypropylene (PP), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) membrane filters that might be used to replace the vinyl/acrylic co-polymer (DM-450) filter currently used in the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) P-7 method (Quartz Analytical Method) and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Manual of Analytical Methods 7603 method (QUARTZ in coal mine dust, by IR re-deposition). This effort is necessary because the DM-450 filters are no longer commercially available. There is an impending shortage of DM-450 filters. For example, the MSHA Pittsburgh laboratory alone analyzes annually approximately 15,000 samples according to the MSHA P-7 method that requires DM-450 filters. Membrane filters suitable for on-filter analysis should have high infrared (IR) transmittance in the spectral region 600-1000 cm(-1). Nylon (47 mm, 0.45 mu m pore size), PP (47 mm, 0.45 mu m pore size), and PVC (47 mm, 5 mu m pore size) filters meet this specification. Limits of detection and limits of quantification were determined from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) measurements of blank filters. The average measured quartz mass and coefficient of variation were determined from test filters spiked with respirable alpha-quartz following MSHA P-7 and NIOSH 7603 methods. Quartz was also quantified in samples of respirable coal dust on each test filter type using the MSHA and NIOSH analysis methods. The results indicate that PP and PVC filters may replace the DM-450 filters for quartz measurement in coal dust by FTIR. PVC filters of 5 mu m pore size seemed to be suitable replacement although their ability to retain small particulates should be checked by further experiment. C1 [Farcas, Daniel; Lee, Taekhee; Chisholm, William P.; Soo, Jhy-Charm; Harper, Martin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NIOSH, Exposure Assessment Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Lee, T (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NIOSH, Exposure Assessment Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, 1095 Willowdale Rd M-S 3030, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM fwc.@cdc.gov OI Farcas, Daniel/0000-0002-3536-917X FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 EI 1545-9632 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PD FEB 1 PY 2016 VL 13 IS 2 BP D16 EP D22 DI 10.1080/15459624.2015.1091962 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DA3NJ UT WOS:000367704100002 PM 26375614 ER PT J AU Puttkammer, N Baseman, JG Devine, EB Valles, JS Hyppolite, N Garilus, F Honore, JG Matheson, AI Zeliadt, S Yuhas, K Sherr, K Cadet, JR Zamor, G Pierre, E Barnhart, S AF Puttkammer, N. Baseman, J. G. Devine, E. B. Valles, J. S. Hyppolite, N. Garilus, F. Honore, J. G. Matheson, A. I. Zeliadt, S. Yuhas, K. Sherr, K. Cadet, J. R. Zamor, G. Pierre, E. Barnhart, S. TI An assessment of data quality in a multi-site electronic medical record system in Haiti SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INFORMATICS LA English DT Article DE Data quality assessment; Electronic medical record; Health information system; Haiti ID ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY PROGRAMS; RESOURCE-LIMITED SETTINGS; FOLLOW-UP; INFORMATION-TECHNOLOGY; PATIENTS LOST; HEALTH; CARE; MOZAMBIQUE; TRACKING; AFRICA AB Objectives: Strong data quality (DQ) is a precursor to strong data use. In resource limited settings, routine DQ assessment (DQA) within electronic medical record (EMR) systems can be resource-intensive using manual methods such as audit and chart review; automated queries offer an efficient alternative. This DQA focused on Haiti's national EMR - iSante - and included longitudinal data for over 100,000 persons living with HIV (PLHIV) enrolled in HIV care and treatment services at 95 health care facilities (HCF). Methods: This mixed-methods evaluation used a qualitative Delphi process to identify DQ priorities among local stakeholders, followed by a quantitative DQA on these priority areas. The quantitative DQA examined 13 indicators of completeness, accuracy, and timeliness of retrospective data collected from 2005 to 2013. We described levels of DQ for each indicator over time, and examined the consistency of within-HCF performance and associations between DQ and HCF and EMR system characteristics. Results: Over all iSante data, age was incomplete in <1% of cases, while height, pregnancy status, TB status, and ART eligibility were more incomplete (approximately 20-40%). Suspicious data flags were present for <3% of cases of male sex, ART dispenses, CD4 values, and visit dates, but for 26% of cases of age. Discontinuation forms were available for about half of all patients without visits for 180 or more days, and >60% of encounter forms were entered late. For most indicators, DQ tended to improve over time. DQwas highly variable across HCF, and within HCFs DQ was variable across indicators. In adjusted analyses, HCF and system factors with generally favorable and statistically significant associations with DQ were University hospital category, private sector governance, presence of local iSante server, greater HCF experience with the EMR, greater maturity of the EMR itself, and having more system users but fewer new users. In qualitative feedback, local stakeholders emphasized lack of stable power supply as a key challenge to data quality and use of the iSante EMR. Conclusions: Variable performance on key DQindicators across HCF suggests that excellent DQis achievable in Haiti, but further effort is needed to systematize and routinize DQ approaches within HCFs. A dynamic, interactive "DQdashboard" within iSante could bring transparency and motivate improvement. While the results of the study are specific to Haiti's iSante data system, the study's methods and thematic lessons learned holdgeneralized relevance for other large-scale EMR systems in resource-limited countries. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Puttkammer, N.; Barnhart, S.] Univ Washington, Int Training & Educ Ctr Hlth, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Baseman, J. G.; Matheson, A. I.] Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Devine, E. B.] Univ Washington, Dept Pharm, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Valles, J. S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hyppolite, N.; Honore, J. G.; Zamor, G.] Haiti Off, Int Training & Educ Ctr Hlth, Petion Ville, Haiti. [Garilus, F.] Govt Haiti, Minist Publ Hlth & Populat, Populat Div, Port Au Prince, Haiti. [Sherr, K.] Univ Washington, Dept Global Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Zeliadt, S.] Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Yuhas, K.; Cadet, J. R.; Pierre, E.] Govt Haiti, Minist Publ Hlth & Populat, Natl AIDS Control Program PNLS, Port Au Prince, Haiti. RP Puttkammer, N (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Global Hlth, Int Training & Educ Ctr Hlth I TECH, 901 Boren Ave 1100, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. EM nputt@uw.edu; jbaseman@uw.edu; bdevine@uw.edu; hnn4@cdc.gov; nathaelfhyppolite@itech-haiti.org; garilusfrance@gmail.com; jeanguyhonore@itech-haiti.org; alastair.matheson@gmail.com; szeliadt@uw.edu; yuhask@uw.edu; ksherr@uw.edu; janwonal@yahoo.fr; garryzamor@itech-haiti.org; emapierre@yahoo.com; sbht@uw.edu OI Puttkammer, Nancy/0000-0002-6693-9278 FU Haiti Ministry of Health and Population FX The authors would like to acknowledge the Haiti Ministry of Health and Population for its leadership of the iSante data system and for its support of this analysis. The iSante data system depends upon the dedicated efforts of the many individuals who care for patients, enter data, and work to assure data quality within iSante, including health care workers, disease reporting officers, regional strategic information officers, and PEPFAR implementing partners. We would like to acknowledge the stakeholders who participated in the Delphi process to inform data quality priorities within iSante. We also acknowledge Drs. Barbara Marston and David Lowrance (US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) for thoughtful comments on the manuscript, Joanna Diallo for copy editing of the manuscript, and Kenny Pettersen for the map in Fig. 2. NR 46 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 1386-5056 EI 1872-8243 J9 INT J MED INFORM JI Int. J. Med. Inform. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 86 BP 104 EP 116 DI 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2015.11.003 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Health Care Sciences & Services; Medical Informatics SC Computer Science; Health Care Sciences & Services; Medical Informatics GA CZ8NS UT WOS:000367357000013 PM 26620698 ER PT J AU Auffray, C Caulfield, T Griffin, JL Khoury, MJ Lupski, JR Schwab, M AF Auffray, Charles Caulfield, Timothy Griffin, Julian L. Khoury, Muin J. Lupski, James R. Schwab, Matthias TI From genomic medicine to precision medicine: highlights of 2015 SO GENOME MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID IDENTIFICATION; VARIANTS; DISEASE; PERSPECTIVE; DISCOVERY; GENOTYPE; PATIENT; SAMPLES C1 [Auffray, Charles] Univ Lyon, CNRS ENS UCBL, European Inst Syst Biol & Med, F-69007 Lyon, France. [Caulfield, Timothy] Univ Alberta, Fac Law, Edmonton, AB T6G 2HS, Canada. [Caulfield, Timothy] Univ Alberta, Sch Publ Hlth, Hlth Law Inst, Edmonton, AB T6G 2HS, Canada. [Griffin, Julian L.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Biochem, Cambridge CB2 1GA, England. [Griffin, Julian L.] MRC, Human Nutr Res, Elsie Widdowson Lab, 120 Fulbourn Rd, Cambridge CB1 9NL, England. [Khoury, Muin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Lupski, James R.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Dept Mol & Human Genet, 1 Baylor Plaza Room 604B, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Lupski, James R.] Baylor Coll Med, Human Genome Sequencing Ctr, 1 Baylor Plaza Room 604B, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Lupski, James R.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Schwab, Matthias] Dr Margarete Fischer Bosch Inst Clin Pharmacol, D-70376 Stuttgart, Germany. [Schwab, Matthias] Univ Hosp, Dept Clin Pharmacol, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany. [Schwab, Matthias] Univ Tubingen, Dept Pharm & Biochem, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany. RP Auffray, C (reprint author), Univ Lyon, CNRS ENS UCBL, European Inst Syst Biol & Med, F-69007 Lyon, France. EM cauffray@eisbm.org FU Medical Research Council [MC_UP_A090_1006] NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 16 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1756-994X J9 GENOME MED JI Genome Med. PD JAN 29 PY 2016 VL 8 AR 12 DI 10.1186/s13073-016-0265-4 PG 5 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA DC0CA UT WOS:000368883200002 PM 26825779 ER PT J AU Dawson, AL Ailes, EC Gilboa, SM Simeone, RM Lind, JN Farr, SL Broussard, CS Reefhuis, J Carrino, G Biermann, J Honein, MA AF Dawson, April L. Ailes, Elizabeth C. Gilboa, Suzanne M. Simeone, Regina M. Lind, Jennifer N. Farr, Sherry L. Broussard, Cheryl S. Reefhuis, Jennita Carrino, Gerrard Biermann, Janis Honein, Margaret A. TI Antidepressant Prescription Claims Among Reproductive-Aged Women With Private Employer-Sponsored Insurance - United States 2008-2013 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID DEPRESSION; PREGNANCY C1 [Dawson, April L.; Ailes, Elizabeth C.; Gilboa, Suzanne M.; Simeone, Regina M.; Lind, Jennifer N.; Farr, Sherry L.; Broussard, Cheryl S.; Reefhuis, Jennita; Honein, Margaret A.] CDC, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Carrino, Gerrard; Biermann, Janis] March Dimes Fdn, White Plains, NY USA. RP Dawson, AL (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ALDawson@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JAN 29 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 3 BP 41 EP 46 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DC3KX UT WOS:000369119300001 PM 26821271 ER PT J AU Harris, AM Iqbal, K Schillie, S Britton, J Kainer, MA Tressler, S Vellozzi, C AF Harris, Aaron M. Iqbal, Kashif Schillie, Sarah Britton, James Kainer, Marion A. Tressler, Stacy Vellozzi, Claudia TI Increases in Acute Hepatitis B Virus Infections - Kentucky, Tennessee, and West Virginia, 2006-2013 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID INJECTION-DRUG USE; UNITED-STATES C1 [Harris, Aaron M.; Iqbal, Kashif; Schillie, Sarah; Vellozzi, Claudia] CDC, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Britton, James] Kentucky Dept Publ Hlth, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA. [Kainer, Marion A.] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Memphis, TN USA. [Tressler, Stacy] West Virginia Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Charleston, WV USA. RP Harris, AM (reprint author), CDC, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM AMHarris@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JAN 29 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 3 BP 47 EP 50 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DC3KX UT WOS:000369119300002 PM 26821369 ER PT J AU Millman, AJ Chamany, S Guthartz, S Thihalolipavan, S Porter, M Schroeder, A Vora, NM Varma, JK Starr, D AF Millman, Alexander J. Chamany, Shadi Guthartz, Seth Thihalolipavan, Sayone Porter, Michael Schroeder, Andrew Vora, Neil M. Varma, Jay K. Starr, David TI Active Monitoring of Travelers Arriving from Ebola-Affected Countries - New York City, October 2014-April 2015 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID VIRUS DISEASE; UNITED-STATES C1 [Millman, Alexander J.] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Millman, Alexander J.] CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Chamany, Shadi; Guthartz, Seth; Thihalolipavan, Sayone; Porter, Michael; Schroeder, Andrew; Vora, Neil M.; Varma, Jay K.; Starr, David] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. [Vora, Neil M.] CDC, Div State & Local Readiness, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Starr, D (reprint author), New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. EM dstarr@health.nyc.gov NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JAN 29 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 3 BP 51 EP 54 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DC3KX UT WOS:000369119300003 PM 26820056 ER PT J AU Hennessey, M Fischer, M Staples, JE AF Hennessey, Morgan Fischer, Marc Staples, J. Erin TI Zika Virus Spreads to New Areas - Region of the Americas, May 2015-January 2016 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID MICRONESIA C1 [Hennessey, Morgan; Fischer, Marc; Staples, J. Erin] CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Vector Borne Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Fischer, M (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Vector Borne Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mfischer@cdc.gov NR 13 TC 71 Z9 76 U1 5 U2 76 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JAN 29 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 3 BP 55 EP 58 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DC3KX UT WOS:000369119300004 PM 26820163 ER PT J AU Staples, JE Dziuban, EJ Fischer, M Cragan, JD Rasmussen, SA Cannon, MJ Frey, MT Renquist, CM Lanciotti, RS Munoz, JL Powers, AM Honein, MA Moore, CA AF Staples, J. Erin Dziuban, Eric J. Fischer, Marc Cragan, Janet D. Rasmussen, Sonja A. Cannon, Michael J. Frey, Meghan T. Renquist, Christina M. Lanciotti, Robert S. Munoz, Jorge L. Powers, Ann M. Honein, Margaret A. Moore, Cynthia A. TI Interim Guidelines for the Evaluation and Testing of Infants with Possible Congenital Zika Virus Infection - United States, 2016 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID MICRONESIA C1 [Staples, J. Erin; Fischer, Marc; Lanciotti, Robert S.; Munoz, Jorge L.; Powers, Ann M.] CDC, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dziuban, Eric J.] CDC, Div Human Dev & Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cragan, Janet D.; Cannon, Michael J.; Frey, Meghan T.; Renquist, Christina M.; Honein, Margaret A.; Moore, Cynthia A.] CDC, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rasmussen, Sonja A.] CDC, Div Publ Hlth Informat Disseminat, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Moore, CA (reprint author), CDC, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ZikaMCH@cdc.gov NR 18 TC 63 Z9 74 U1 3 U2 43 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JAN 29 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 3 BP 63 EP 67 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DC3KX UT WOS:000369119300006 PM 26820387 ER PT J AU George, G Rotich, J Kigen, H Catherine, K Waweru, B Boru, W Galgalo, T Githuku, J Obonyo, M Curran, K Narra, R Crowe, SJ O'Reilly, CE Macharia, D Montgomery, J Neatherlin, J De Cock, KM Lowther, S Gura, Z Langat, D Njeru, I Kioko, J Muraguri, N AF George, Githuka Rotich, Jacob Kigen, Hudson Catherine, Kiama Waweru, Bonface Boru, Waqo Galgalo, Tura Githuku, Jane Obonyo, Mark Curran, Kathryn Narra, Rupa Crowe, Samuel J. O'Reilly, Ciara E. Macharia, Daniel Montgomery, Joel Neatherlin, John De Cock, Kevin M. Lowther, Sara Gura, Zeinab Langat, Daniel Njeru, Ian Kioko, Jackson Muraguri, Nicholas TI Ongoing Cholera Outbreak - Kenya, 2014-2016 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [George, Githuka; Rotich, Jacob; Kigen, Hudson; Catherine, Kiama; Waweru, Bonface; Boru, Waqo; Galgalo, Tura; Githuku, Jane; Obonyo, Mark; Gura, Zeinab] Minist Hlth, Kenya Field Epidemiol & Lab Training Program, Nairobi, Kenya. [Curran, Kathryn; Narra, Rupa; Crowe, Samuel J.] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Curran, Kathryn; Narra, Rupa; Crowe, Samuel J.; O'Reilly, Ciara E.] CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Macharia, Daniel; Montgomery, Joel; Neatherlin, John; De Cock, Kevin M.; Lowther, Sara] CDC Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya. [Langat, Daniel; Njeru, Ian] Minist Hlth, Dis Surveillance & Response Unit, Nairobi, Kenya. [Kioko, Jackson] Minist Hlth, Dept Prevent & Promot Hlth, Nairobi, Kenya. [Muraguri, Nicholas] Minist Hlth, Director Med Serv, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Muraguri, N (reprint author), Minist Hlth, Director Med Serv, Nairobi, Kenya. EM dmskenya@gmail.com NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JAN 29 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 3 BP 68 EP 69 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DC3KX UT WOS:000369119300007 PM 26820494 ER PT J AU Sheu, Y AF Sheu, Yahtyng TI Percentage of Nonfatal Injuries Among Males and Females, by Place of Occurrence -National Health Interview Survey, United States, 2012-2014 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Sheu, Yahtyng] US Dept HHS, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Washington, DC USA. RP Sheu, Y (reprint author), US Dept HHS, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Washington, DC USA. EM ysheu@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JAN 29 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 3 BP 72 EP 72 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DC3KX UT WOS:000369119300008 ER PT J AU Farahani, M Price, N El-Halabi, S Mlaudzi, N Keapoletswe, K Lebelonyane, R Fetogang, EB Chebani, T Kebaabetswe, P Masupe, T Gabaake, K Auld, A Nkomazana, O Marlink, R AF Farahani, Mansour Price, Natalie El-Halabi, Shenaaz Mlaudzi, Naledi Keapoletswe, Koona Lebelonyane, Refeletswe Fetogang, Ernest Benny Chebani, Tony Kebaabetswe, Poloko Masupe, Tiny Gabaake, Keba Auld, Andrew Nkomazana, Oathokwa Marlink, Richard TI Trends and determinants of survival for over 200 000 patients on antiretroviral treatment in the Botswana National Program: 2002-2013 SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE ART; Botswana; HIV; marginal structural model; mortality ID THERAPY PROGRAMS; 5-YEAR OUTCOMES; SOUTH-AFRICA; FOLLOW-UP; SCALE-UP; MORTALITY; HIV; ZIDOVUDINE; RETENTION; MALAWI AB Objectives:To determine the incidence and risk factors of mortality for all HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral treatment at public and private healthcare facilities in the Botswana National HIV/AIDS Treatment Programme.Design:We studied routinely collected data from 226030 patients enrolled in the Botswana National HIV/AIDS Treatment Programme from 2002 to 2013.Methods:A person-years (P-Y) approach was used to analyse all-cause mortality and follow-up rates for all HIV-infected individuals with documented antiretroviral therapy initiation dates. Marginal structural modelling was utilized to determine the effect of treatment on survival for those with documented drug regimens. Sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the robustness of our results.Results:Median follow-up time was 37 months (interquartile range 11-75). Mortality was highest during the first 3 months after treatment initiation at 11.79 (95% confidence interval 11.49-12.11) deaths per 100 P-Y, but dropped to 1.01 (95% confidence interval 0.98-1.04) deaths per 100 P-Y after the first year of treatment. Twelve-month mortality declined from 7 to 2% of initiates during 2002-2012. Tenofovir was associated with lower mortality than stavudine and zidovudine.Conclusion:The observed mortality rates have been declining over time; however, mortality in the first year, particularly first 3 months of antiretroviral treatment, remains a distinct problem. This analysis showed lower mortality with regimens containing tenofovir compared with zidovudine and stavudine. CD4(+) cell count less than 100 cells/l, older age and being male were associated with higher odds of mortality. Copyright (C) 2016 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Farahani, Mansour; Price, Natalie; Chebani, Tony; Marlink, Richard] Harvard Univ, TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [El-Halabi, Shenaaz; Mlaudzi, Naledi; Keapoletswe, Koona; Lebelonyane, Refeletswe; Fetogang, Ernest Benny] Minist Hlth, Gaborone, Botswana. [Kebaabetswe, Poloko; Masupe, Tiny; Gabaake, Keba; Nkomazana, Oathokwa] Univ Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana. [Auld, Andrew] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Farahani, M (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM mfarahan@hsph.harvard.edu OI Auld, Andrew/0000-0001-5089-9163 FU President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [GH000512-01] FX This research has been supported by the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention under the terms of GH000512-01. NR 32 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0269-9370 EI 1473-5571 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD JAN 28 PY 2016 VL 30 IS 3 BP 477 EP 485 DI 10.1097/QAD.0000000000000921 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA DC6CI UT WOS:000369307000001 PM 26636931 ER PT J AU Glenshaw, M Deluca, N Adams, R Parry, C Fritz, K Du Preez, V Voetsch, K Lekone, P Seth, P Bachanas, P Grillo, M Kresina, TF Pick, B Ryan, C Bock, N AF Glenshaw, M. Deluca, N. Adams, R. Parry, C. Fritz, K. Du Preez, V. Voetsch, K. Lekone, P. Seth, P. Bachanas, P. Grillo, M. Kresina, T. F. Pick, B. Ryan, C. Bock, N. TI PEPFAR support of alcohol-HIV prevention activities in Namibia and Botswana: a framework for investigation, implementation and evaluation SO GLOBAL MENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Alcohol; HIV; PEPFAR; Namibia; Botswana ID SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; SOUTH-AFRICA; SEXUAL RISKS; CAPE-TOWN; HIV/AIDS; WOMEN; INFECTION; ASSOCIATION; MEN AB Background. The association between harmful use of alcohol and HIV infection is well documented. To address this dual epidemic, the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) developed and implemented a multi-pronged approach primarily in Namibia and Botswana. We present the approach and preliminary results of the public health investigative and programmatic activities designed, initiated and supported by PEPFAR to combat the harmful use of alcohol and its association as a driver of HIV morbidity and mortality from 2008 to 2013. Approach. PEPFAR supported comprehensive alcohol programming using a matrix model approach that combined the socio-ecological framework and the Alcohol Misuse Prevention and Intervention Continuum. This structure enabled seven component objectives: (1) to quantify harmful use of alcohol through rapid assessments; (2) to develop and evaluate alcohol-based interventions; (3) to promote screening programs and alcohol abuse resource services; (4) to support stakeholder networks; (5) to support policy interventions and (6) structural interventions; and (7) to institutionalize universal prevention messages. Discussion. Targeted PEPFAR support for alcohol activities resulted in several projects to address harmful alcohol use and HIV. Components are graphically conceptualized within the matrix model, demonstrating the intersections between primary, secondary and tertiary prevention activities and individual, interpersonal, community, and societal factors. Key the complexity of multi-sectorial programming, varying degrees of political will, and difficulties monitoring outcomes over the short duration of the program. C1 [Glenshaw, M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Pretoria, South Africa. [Deluca, N.; Seth, P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS, Viral Hepatitis,TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Adams, R.; Du Preez, V.] Minist Hlth & Social Serv, Windhoek, Namibia. [Parry, C.] MRC, Alcohol Tobacco & Other Drug Res Unit, Cape Town, South Africa. [Parry, C.] Univ Stellenbosch, Dept Psychiat, Cape Town, South Africa. [Fritz, K.] Int Ctr Res Women, Washington, DC USA. [Voetsch, K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lekone, P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Gaborone, Botswana. [Bachanas, P.; Ryan, C.; Bock, N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Grillo, M.] US Dept Def, San Diego, CA USA. [Kresina, T. F.] Ctr Subst Abuse Treatment Subst Abuse & Mental Hl, Div Pharmacol Therapies, Rockville, MA USA. [Pick, B.] US Agcy Int Dev, Washington, DC 20523 USA. RP Glenshaw, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, US Embassy, 877 Pretorius St, Pretoria, South Africa. EM fev5@cdc.gov NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 2054-4251 J9 GLOB MENT HEALTH JI Glob. Ment. Health PD JAN 26 PY 2016 VL 3 AR e2 DI 10.1017/gmh.2015.24 PG 16 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA DN3VB UT WOS:000376991000001 ER PT J AU Voelker, R AF Voelker, Rebecca TI Rethinking Syringe Exchange SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT News Item C1 [Voelker, Rebecca] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Voelker, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JAN 26 PY 2016 VL 315 IS 4 BP 339 EP 339 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA EM0BW UT WOS:000394984800007 ER PT J AU Munyua, PM Murithi, RM Ithondeka, P Hightower, A Thumbi, SM Anyangu, SA Kiplimo, J Bett, B Vrieling, A Breiman, RF Njenga, MK AF Munyua, Peninah M. Murithi, R. Mbabu Ithondeka, Peter Hightower, Allen Thumbi, Samuel M. Anyangu, Samuel A. Kiplimo, Jusper Bett, Bernard Vrieling, Anton Breiman, Robert F. Njenga, M. Kariuki TI Predictive Factors and Risk Mapping for Rift Valley Fever Epidemics in Kenya SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID OUTBREAK; VIRUS; LIVESTOCK; TANZANIA; LINEAGES; HUMANS AB Background To-date, Rift Valley fever (RVF) outbreaks have occurred in 38 of the 69 administrative districts in Kenya. Using surveillance records collected between 1951 and 2007, we determined the risk of exposure and outcome of an RVF outbreak, examined the ecological and climatic factors associated with the outbreaks, and used these data to develop an RVF risk map for Kenya. Methods Exposure to RVF was evaluated as the proportion of the total outbreak years that each district was involved in prior epizootics, whereas risk of outcome was assessed as severity of observed disease in humans and animals for each district. A probability-impact weighted score (1 to 9) of the combined exposure and outcome risks was used to classify a district as high (score >= 5) or medium (score >= 2 - <5) risk, a classification that was subsequently subjected to expert group analysis for final risk level determination at the division levels (total = 391 divisions). Divisions that never reported RVF disease (score <2) were classified as low risk. Using data from the 2006/07 RVF outbreak, the predictive risk factors for an RVF outbreak were identified. The predictive probabilities from the model were further used to develop an RVF risk map for Kenya. Results The final output was a RVF risk map that classified 101 of 391 divisions (26%) located in 21 districts as high risk, and 100 of 391 divisions (26%) located in 35 districts as medium risk and 190 divisions (48%) as low risk, including all 97 divisions in Nyanza and Western provinces. The risk of RVF was positively associated with Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), low altitude below 1000m and high precipitation in areas with solonertz, luvisols and vertisols soil types (p <0.05). Conclusion RVF risk map serves as an important tool for developing and deploying prevention and control measures against the disease. C1 [Munyua, Peninah M.; Breiman, Robert F.; Njenga, M. Kariuki] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Kenya, Global Dis Detect Div, Nairobi, Kenya. [Murithi, R. Mbabu; Ithondeka, Peter] Minist Agr Livestock & Fisheries, Nairobi, Kenya. [Hightower, Allen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. [Thumbi, Samuel M.] Washington State Univ, Paul G Allen Sch Global Anim Hlth, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Anyangu, Samuel A.] Minist Hlth, Nairobi, Kenya. [Kiplimo, Jusper; Bett, Bernard] Int Livestock Res Inst, Nairobi, Kenya. [Vrieling, Anton] Univ Twente, Fac Geoinformat Sci & Earth Observat ITC, POB 217, NL-7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands. [Njenga, M. Kariuki] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Kisumu, Kenya. RP Njenga, MK (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Kenya, Global Dis Detect Div, Nairobi, Kenya.; Njenga, MK (reprint author), Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Kisumu, Kenya. EM Knjenga@kemri.org RI Vrieling, Anton/B-2639-2012 OI Vrieling, Anton/0000-0002-7979-1540 FU Biosecurity Engagement Program of United States Department of State; U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Funding was provided by the Biosecurity Engagement Program of United States Department of State and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.; We wish to thank the team of expert from the Kenya Ministry of Livestock Development and Kenya Ministry of Public Health and Sanitation for their valuable input, and Norah Nanjala and Triza Shigoli for administrative support. The Biosecurity Engagement Program of United States Department of State and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention provided the financial support for this study. The findings and conclusions in this manuscript are by the authors and should not be construed to represent CDC's determination or policy NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JAN 25 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 1 AR e0144570 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0144570 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DC9FZ UT WOS:000369527800004 PM 26808021 ER PT J AU Nash, EE Peters, BM Lilly, EA Noverr, MC Fidel, PL AF Nash, Evelyn E. Peters, Brian M. Lilly, Elizabeth A. Noverr, Mairi C. Fidel, Paul L., Jr. TI A Murine Model of Candida glabrata Vaginitis Shows No Evidence of an Inflammatory Immunopathogenic Response SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID VULVO-VAGINAL CANDIDIASIS; IN-VITRO; BIOFILM FORMATION; ALBICANS; COLONIZATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PATHOGENESIS; SUSCEPTIBILITY; INFECTIONS; EPITHELIUM AB Candida glabrata is the second most common organism isolated from women with vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), particularly in women with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. However, mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of C. glabrata-associated VVC are unknown and have not been studied at any depth in animal models. The objective of this study was to evaluate host responses to infection following efforts to optimize a murine model of C. glabrata VVC. For this, various designs were evaluated for consistent experimental vaginal colonization (i.e., type 1 and type 2 diabetic mice, exogenous estrogen, varying inocula, and co-infection with C. albicans). Upon model optimization, vaginal fungal burden and polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) recruitment were assessed longitudinally over 21 days post-inoculation, together with vaginal concentrations of IL-1 beta, S100A8 alarmin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and in vivo biofilm formation. Consistent and sustained vaginal colonization with C. glabrata was achieved in estrogenized streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic mice. Vaginal PMN infiltration was consistently low, with IL-1 beta, S100A8, and LDH concentrations similar to uninoculated mice. Biofilm formation was not detected in vivo, and co-infection with C. albicans did not induce synergistic immunopathogenic effects. This data suggests that experimental vaginal colonization of C. glabrata is not associated with an inflammatory immunopathogenic response or biofilm formation. C1 [Nash, Evelyn E.; Noverr, Mairi C.; Fidel, Paul L., Jr.] Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Parasitol, Sch Med, New Orleans, LA USA. [Peters, Brian M.; Lilly, Elizabeth A.; Noverr, Mairi C.; Fidel, Paul L., Jr.] Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Oral & Craniofacial Biol, Sch Dent, New Orleans, LA USA. [Noverr, Mairi C.] Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Dent, Prosthodont, New Orleans, LA USA. [Nash, Evelyn E.] Ctr Dis Control, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Peters, Brian M.] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Hlth Sci, Coll Pharm, Memphis, TN 38163 USA. RP Fidel, PL (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Parasitol, Sch Med, New Orleans, LA USA.; Fidel, PL (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Oral & Craniofacial Biol, Sch Dent, New Orleans, LA USA. EM pfidel@lsuhsc.edu FU Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center (LSUHSC) Foundation FX This work was supported by the Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center (LSUHSC) Foundation (www.lsuhealthfoundation.org) (P.L.F.). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 41 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JAN 25 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 1 AR e0147969 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0147969 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DC9FZ UT WOS:000369527800255 PM 26807975 ER PT J AU Olaiya, O Dee, DL Sharma, AJ Smith, RA AF Olaiya, Oluwatosin Dee, Deborah L. Sharma, Andrea J. Smith, Ruben A. TI Maternity Care Practices and Breastfeeding Among Adolescent Mothers Aged 12-19 Years - United States, 2009-2011 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Olaiya, Oluwatosin] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Olaiya, Oluwatosin; Dee, Deborah L.; Sharma, Andrea J.; Smith, Ruben A.] CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Olaiya, O (reprint author), CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.; Olaiya, O (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM OOlaiya@cdc.gov OI Sharma, Andrea/0000-0003-0385-0011 NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JAN 22 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 2 BP 17 EP 22 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DF4TS UT WOS:000371344400001 PM 26796301 ER PT J AU Jones, AM Isenburg, J Salemi, JL Arnold, KE Mai, CT Aggarwal, D Arias, W Carrino, GE Ferrell, E Folorunso, O Ibe, B Kirby, RS Krapfl, HR Marengo, LK Mosley, BS Nance, AE Romitti, PA Spadafino, J Stock, J Honein, MA AF Jones, Abbey M. Isenburg, Jennifer Salemi, Jason L. Arnold, Kathryn E. Mai, Cara T. Aggarwal, Deepa Arias, William Carrino, Gerard E. Ferrell, Emily Folorunso, Olakunle Ibe, Brendan Kirby, Russell S. Krapfl, Heidi R. Marengo, Lisa K. Mosley, Bridget S. Nance, Amy E. Romitti, Paul A. Spadafino, Joseph Stock, Jennifer Honein, Margaret A. TI Increasing Prevalence of Gastroschisis-14 States, 1995-2012 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID RISK; OMPHALOCELE; AGE C1 [Jones, Abbey M.; Isenburg, Jennifer; Arnold, Kathryn E.; Mai, Cara T.; Honein, Margaret A.] CDC, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Birth Defects Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Salemi, Jason L.] Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Aggarwal, Deepa] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Maternal Child & Adolescent Hlth Program, Calif Birth Defects Monitoring Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Arias, William] Rhode Isl Dept Hlth, Providence, RI USA. [Carrino, Gerard E.] March Dimes Fdn, White Plains, NY USA. [Ferrell, Emily] Kentucky Dept Publ Hlth, Lexington, KY USA. [Folorunso, Olakunle] Oklahoma Dept Hlth, Oklahoma City, OK USA. [Ibe, Brendan] Georgia Dept Publ Hlth, Newnan, GA USA. [Kirby, Russell S.] Univ S Florida, Coll Publ Hlth, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. [Krapfl, Heidi R.] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Las Cruces, NM USA. [Marengo, Lisa K.] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Birth Defects Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Dallas, TX USA. [Mosley, Bridget S.] Arkansas Childrens Hosp, Res Inst, Arkansas Reprod Hlth Monitoring Syst, Little Rock, AR 72202 USA. [Nance, Amy E.] Utah Dept Hlth, Children Special Hlth Care Needs Bur, Div Family Hlth & Preparedness, Utah Birth Defect Network, Salt Lake City, UT 84116 USA. [Romitti, Paul A.] Iowa Registry Congenital & Inherited Disorders, Iowa City, IA USA. [Spadafino, Joseph] Arizona Dept Hlth Serv, Phoenix, AZ 85007 USA. [Stock, Jennifer] North Carolina Div Publ Health, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Jones, AM (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Birth Defects Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM amjones1@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JAN 22 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 2 BP 23 EP 26 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DF4TS UT WOS:000371344400002 PM 26796490 ER PT J AU Tan, KR Cullen, KA Koumans, EH Arguin, PM AF Tan, Kathrine R. Cullen, Karen A. Koumans, Emilia H. Arguin, Paul M. TI Inadequate Diagnosis and Treatment of Malaria Among Travelers Returning from Africa During the Ebola Epidemic - United States, 2014-2015 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Tan, Kathrine R.; Cullen, Karen A.; Arguin, Paul M.] CDC, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Koumans, Emilia H.] CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Tan, KR (reprint author), CDC, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ktan@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JAN 22 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 2 BP 27 EP 29 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DF4TS UT WOS:000371344400003 PM 26796654 ER PT J AU Petersen, EE Staples, JE Meaney-Delman, D Fischer, M Ellington, SR Callaghan, WM Jamieson, DJ AF Petersen, Emily E. Staples, J. Erin Meaney-Delman, Dana Fischer, Marc Ellington, Sascha R. Callaghan, William M. Jamieson, Denise J. TI Interim Guidelines for Pregnant Women During a Zika Virus Outbreak - United States, 2016 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Petersen, Emily E.; Ellington, Sascha R.; Callaghan, William M.; Jamieson, Denise J.] CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Staples, J. Erin; Fischer, Marc] CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Arboviral Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Meaney-Delman, Dana] CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Off Director, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Jamieson, DJ (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM djj0@cdc.gov NR 21 TC 109 Z9 120 U1 7 U2 47 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JAN 22 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 2 BP 30 EP 33 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DF4TS UT WOS:000371344400004 PM 26796813 ER PT J AU Grund, JM Toledo, C Davis, SM Ridzon, R Moturi, E Scobie, H Naouri, B Reed, JB Njeuhmeli, E Thomas, AG Benson, FN Sirengo, MW Muyenzi, LN Lija, GJI Rogers, JH Mwanasalli, S Odoyo-June, E Wamai, N Kabuye, G Zulu, JE Aceng, JR Bock, N AF Grund, Jonathan M. Toledo, Carlos Davis, Stephanie M. Ridzon, Renee Moturi, Edna Scobie, Heather Naouri, Boubker Reed, Jason B. Njeuhmeli, Emmanuel Thomas, Anne G. Benson, Francis Ndwiga Sirengo, Martin W. Muyenzi, Leon Ngeruka Lija, Gissenge J. I. Rogers, John H. Mwanasalli, Salli Odoyo-June, Elijah Wamai, Nafuna Kabuye, Geoffrey Zulu, James Exnobert Aceng, Jane Ruth Bock, Naomi TI Tetanus Cases After Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision for HIV Prevention - Eastern and Southern Africa, 2012-2015 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Grund, Jonathan M.; Toledo, Carlos; Davis, Stephanie M.; Bock, Naomi] CDC, Div Global HIV & TB, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Moturi, Edna; Scobie, Heather; Naouri, Boubker] CDC, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Reed, Jason B.] Off US Global AIDS Coordinator, Washington, DC USA. [Njeuhmeli, Emmanuel] US Agcy Int Dev, Washington, DC 20523 USA. [Thomas, Anne G.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def, San Diego, CA USA. [Benson, Francis Ndwiga; Sirengo, Martin W.] Minist Hlth, Natl AIDS & STI Control Programme, Nairobi, Kenya. [Muyenzi, Leon Ngeruka] Rwanda Mil Hosp, Minist Def, Kigali, Rwanda. [Lija, Gissenge J. I.] Minist Hlth & Social Welf, Natl AIDS Control Program, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Rogers, John H.; Mwanasalli, Salli] CDC, Div Global HIV & TB Tanzania, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Odoyo-June, Elijah] CDC, Div Global HIV & TB Kenya, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Wamai, Nafuna; Kabuye, Geoffrey] CDC, Div Global HIV & TB Uganda, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Zulu, James Exnobert] Minist Community Dev Mother & Child Hlth, Lusaka, Zambia. [Aceng, Jane Ruth] Uganda Minist Hlth, Kampala, Uganda. RP Grund, JM (reprint author), CDC, Div Global HIV & TB, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jgrund@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JAN 22 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 2 BP 36 EP 37 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DF4TS UT WOS:000371344400006 PM 26797167 ER PT J AU Yabroff, KR Dowling, EC Guy, GP Banegas, MP Davidoff, A Han, XS Virgo, KS McNeel, TS Chawla, N Blanch-Hartigan, D Kent, EE Li, CY Rodriguez, JL de Moor, JS Zheng, ZY Jemal, A Ekwueme, DU AF Yabroff, K. Robin Dowling, Emily C. Guy, Gery P., Jr. Banegas, Matthew P. Davidoff, Amy Han, Xuesong Virgo, Katherine S. McNeel, Timothy S. Chawla, Neetu Blanch-Hartigan, Danielle Kent, Erin E. Li, Chunyu Rodriguez, Juan L. de Moor, Janet S. Zheng, Zhiyuan Jemal, Ahmedin Ekwueme, Donatus U. TI Financial Hardship Associated With Cancer in the United States: Findings From a Population-Based Sample of Adult Cancer Survivors SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BREAST-CANCER; MEDICAL-CARE; INSURANCE STATUS; ECONOMIC BURDEN; COST; DIAGNOSIS; TOXICITY; STAGE; CHEMOTHERAPY; ONCOLOGISTS AB Purpose To estimate the prevalence of financial hardship associated with cancer in the United States and identify characteristics of cancer survivors associated with financial hardship. Methods We identified 1,202 adult cancer survivors diagnosed or treated at >= 18 years of age from the 2011 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey Experiences With Cancer questionnaire. Material financial hardship was measured by ever (1) borrowing money or going into debt, (2) filing for bankruptcy, (3) being unable to cover one's share of medical care costs, or (4) making other financial sacrifices because of cancer, its treatment, and lasting effects of treatment. Psychological financial hardship was measured as ever worrying about paying large medical bills. We examined factors associated with any material or psychological financial hardship using separate multivariable logistic regression models stratified by age group (18 to 64 and >= 65 years). Results Material financial hardship was more common in cancer survivors age 18 to 64 years than in those >= 65 years of age (28.4% v 13.8%; P < .001), as was psychological financial hardship (31.9% v 14.7%, P < .001). In adjusted analyses, cancer survivors age 18 to 64 years who were younger, female, nonwhite, and treated more recently and who had changed employment because of cancer were significantly more likely to report any material financial hardship. Cancer survivors who were uninsured, had lower family income, and were treated more recently were more likely to report psychological financial hardship. Among cancer survivors >= 65 years of age, those who were younger were more likely to report any financial hardship. Conclusion Cancer survivors, especially the working-age population, commonly experience material and psychological financial hardship. (C) 2015 by American Society of Clinical Oncology C1 [Yabroff, K. Robin; Banegas, Matthew P.; Chawla, Neetu; Blanch-Hartigan, Danielle; Kent, Erin E.; de Moor, Janet S.] NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [McNeel, Timothy S.] Informat Management Serv Inc, Calverton, MD USA. [Dowling, Emily C.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Blanch-Hartigan, Danielle] Bentley Univ, Waltham, MA USA. [Guy, Gery P., Jr.; Li, Chunyu; Rodriguez, Juan L.; Ekwueme, Donatus U.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Han, Xuesong; Zheng, Zhiyuan; Jemal, Ahmedin] Amer Canc Soc, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Virgo, Katherine S.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Davidoff, Amy] Yale Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, New Haven, CT USA. [Chawla, Neetu] Kaiser Permanente No Calif, Oakland, CA USA. RP Yabroff, KR (reprint author), NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, 9609 Med Ctr Dr, Rockville, MD 20892 USA. EM robin.yabroff@hhs.gov FU Celgene FX Celgene (I) NR 55 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 2318 MILL ROAD, STE 800, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X EI 1527-7755 J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD JAN 20 PY 2016 VL 34 IS 3 BP 259 EP U125 DI 10.1200/JCO.2015.62.0468 PG 16 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA DJ6NV UT WOS:000374331100014 PM 26644532 ER PT J AU Eichelberger, MC Couzens, L Gao, YH Levine, M Katz, J Wagner, R Thompson, CI Hoschler, K Laurie, K Bai, T Engelhardt, OG Wood, J AF Eichelberger, Maryna C. Couzens, Laura Gao, Yonghong Levine, Min Katz, Jacqueline Wagner, Ralf Thompson, Catherine I. Hoeschler, Katja Laurie, Karen Bai, Tian Engelhardt, Othmar G. Wood, John CA ELLA Study Participants TI Comparability of neuraminidase inhibition antibody titers measured by enzyme-linked lectin assay (ELLA) for the analysis of influenza vaccine immunogenicity SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Influenza; Neuraminidase; Assay; Variability; CONSISE; ELLA ID VIRUS; STANDARD; A(H3N2) AB Neuraminidase-inhibition (NI) antibody titers can be used to evaluate the immunogenicity of inactivated influenza vaccines and have provided evidence of serologic cross-reactivity between seasonal and pandemic H1N1 viruses. The traditional thiobarbituric acid assay is impractical for large serologic analyses, and therefore many laboratories use an enzyme-linked lectin assay (ELLA) to determine serum NI antibody titers. The comparability of ELLA NI antibody titers when measured in different laboratories was unknown. Here we report a study conducted through the Consortium for the Standardisation of Influenza SeroEpidemiology (CONSISE) to evaluate the variability of the ELLA. NI antibody titers of a set of 12 samples were measured against both N1 and N2 neuraminidase antigens in 3 independent assays by each of 23 laboratories. For a sample repeated in the same assay, >= 96% of N1 and N2 assays had less than a 4-fold difference in titer. Comparison of the titers measured in assays conducted on 3 different days in the same laboratory showed that a four-fold difference in titer was uncommon. Titers of the same sera measured in different laboratories spanned 3 to 6 two-fold dilutions (i.e., 8-64 fold difference in titer), with an average percent geometric coefficient of variation (%GCV) of 112 and 82% against N1 and N2 antigens, respectively. The difference in titer as indicated by fold range and %GCV was improved by normalizing the NI titers to a standard that was included in each assay. This study identified background signal and the amount of antigen in the assay as critical factors that influence titer, providing important information toward development of a consensus ELLA protocol. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Eichelberger, Maryna C.; Couzens, Laura] US FDA, Div Viral Prod, CBER, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Gao, Yonghong] US Dept HHS, BARDA, Washington, DC 20201 USA. [Levine, Min; Katz, Jacqueline] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wagner, Ralf] Paul Ehrlich Inst, Langen, Germany. [Thompson, Catherine I.; Hoeschler, Katja] Publ Hlth England, London, England. [Laurie, Karen] WHO Collaborating Ctr, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Bai, Tian] Natl Inst Viral Dis Control & Prevent, WHO Collaborating Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Engelhardt, Othmar G.] Med & Healthcare Prod Regulatory Agcy, Natl Inst Biol Stand & Control, Potters Bar, Herts, England. [Wood, John] Natl Inst Biol Stand & Controls, New York, NY USA. RP Eichelberger, MC (reprint author), US FDA, Div Viral Prod, CBER, Silver Spring, MD USA. EM Maryna.Eichelberger@fda.hhs.gov FU Intramural Research Program of the NIH, NIAID; BARDA interagency agreement [224-14-1010] FX We are indebted to Maria van Kerkhove for providing leadership and advice throughout this study, and Mario Barro for suggestions and support. This research was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, NIAID and BARDA interagency agreement #224-14-1010. We thank Drs. David Evers, Sara Gagneten, and Steven Rubin for critical review of the manuscript. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JAN 20 PY 2016 VL 34 IS 4 BP 458 EP 465 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.12.022 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA DB9WJ UT WOS:000368868100011 PM 26707221 ER PT J AU Music, N Reber, AJ Kim, MC York, IA Kang, SM AF Music, Nedzad Reber, Adrian J. Kim, Min-Chul York, Ian A. Kang, Sang-Moo TI Supplementation of H1N1pdm09 split vaccine with heterologous tandem repeat M2e5x virus-like particles confers improved cross-protection in ferrets SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE M2e protein; Ferret; Cross-protection ID UNIVERSAL INFLUENZA VACCINES; SWINE-ORIGIN 2009; MODEL; INFECTION AB Current influenza vaccines induce strain-specific immunity to the highly variable hemagglutinin (HA) protein. It is therefore a high priority to develop vaccines that induce broadly cross-protective immunity to different strains of influenza. Since influenza A M2 proteins are highly conserved among different strains, five tandem repeats of the extracellular peptide of M2 in a membrane-anchored form on virus like particles (VLPs) have been suggested to be a promising candidate for universal influenza vaccine. In this study, ferrets were intramuscularly immunized with 2009 HIM split HA vaccine ("Split") alone, influenza split vaccine supplemented with M2e5x VLP ("Split+M2e5x"), M2e5x VLP alone ("M2e5x"), or mock immunized. Vaccine efficacy was measured serologically and by protection against a serologically distinct viral challenge. Ferrets immunized with Split+M2e5x induced HA strain specific and conserved M2e immunity. Supplementation of M2e5x VLP to split vaccination significantly increased the immunogenicity of split vaccine compared to split alone. The Split+M2e5x ferret group showed evidence of cross-reactive protection, including faster recovery from weight loss, and reduced inflammation, as inferred from changes in peripheral leukocyte subsets, compared to mock-immunized animals. In addition, ferrets immunized with Split+M2e5x shed lower viral nasal-wash titers than the other groups. Ferrets immunized with M2e5x alone also show some protective effects, while those immunized with split vaccine alone induced no protective effects compared to mock-immunized ferrets. These studies suggest that supplementation of split vaccine with M2e5x-VLP may provide broader and improved cross-protection than split vaccine alone. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Music, Nedzad; Reber, Adrian J.; York, Ian A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Music, Nedzad] Battelle Mem Inst, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kim, Min-Chul; Kang, Sang-Moo] Georgia State Univ, Ctr Inflammat Immun & Infect, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Kim, Min-Chul; Kang, Sang-Moo] Georgia State Univ, Dept Biol, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kim, Min-Chul] Anim & Plant Quarantine Agcy, 175 Anyangro, Anyangsi 14089, Gyeonggido, South Korea. RP York, IA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA.; Kang, SM (reprint author), Georgia State Univ, Ctr Inflammat Immun & Infect, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA.; Kang, SM (reprint author), Georgia State Univ, Dept Biol, Atlanta, GA USA. EM ite1@cdc.gov; skang24@gsu.edu OI York, Ian/0000-0002-3478-3344 FU NIH/NIAID [AI105170, AI093772, AI119366] FX We thank the staff of the Animal Resources Biologics Branch, Division of Scientific Resources, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, for their excellent animal care, and Drs. Li-Mei Chen, Wen-Pin Tzeng and Ram Kamal for technical support and helpful discussions in this study. This work was partially supported by NIH/NIAID grants AI105170 (S.M.K.), AI093772 (S.M.K.), and AI119366 (S.M.K). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or funding agency. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JAN 20 PY 2016 VL 34 IS 4 BP 466 EP 473 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.12.023 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA DB9WJ UT WOS:000368868100012 PM 26709639 ER PT J AU Kim, JH Liepkalns, J Reber, AJ Lu, XH Music, N Jacob, J Sambhara, S AF Kim, Jin Hyang Liepkalns, Justine Reber, Adrian J. Lu, Xiuhua Music, Nedzad Jacob, Joshy Sambhara, Suryaprakash TI Prior infection with influenza virus but not vaccination leaves a long-term immunological imprint that intensifies the protective efficacy of antigenically drifted vaccine strains SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Influenza virus; Infection; Antigenic drift; Vaccine efficacy; Pandemic H1N1 ID T-CELL RESPONSES; HETEROSUBTYPIC IMMUNITY; DENDRITIC CELLS; UNITED-STATES; ANTIBODY; LIVE; CHILDREN; SEASONS; SURVEILLANCE; INDUCTION AB The role of pre-existing immunity for influenza vaccine responses is of great importance for public health, and thus has been studied in various contexts, yet the impact of differential priming on vaccine responses in the midst of antigenic drift remains to be elucidated. To address this with antigenically related viruses, mice were first primed by either infection or immunization with A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (PR8) virus, then immunized with whole-inactivated A/Fort Monmouth/1/47 (FMI) virus. The ensuing vaccine responses and the protective efficacy of FMI were superior in PR8 infection-primed mice compared to PR8 immunization-primed or unprimed mice. Increased FM1-specific Ab responses of PR8 infection-primed mice also broadened cross-reactivity against contemporary as well as antigenically more drifted strains. Further, prior infection heightened the protective efficacy of antigenically distant strains, such as A/Brisbane/59/2006 infection followed by immunization with split pandemic HI NI vaccine (A/California/07/2009). Therefore, influenza infection is a significant priming event that intensifies future vaccine responses against drift strains. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Kim, Jin Hyang; Liepkalns, Justine; Reber, Adrian J.; Lu, Xiuhua; Music, Nedzad; Sambhara, Suryaprakash] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Jacob, Joshy] Emory Univ, Emory Vaccine Ctr, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, 954 Gatewood Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Liepkalns, Justine] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, 1518 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Jacob, J (reprint author), Emory Univ, Emory Vaccine Ctr, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, 954 Gatewood Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA.; Sambhara, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM joshy.jacob@emory.edu; zao1@cdc.gov FU NIH/NIAID [HHSN266 200700006C] FX This work was supported by contract HHSN266 200700006C from NIH/NIAID. Joshy Jacob is a research scholar of the American Cancer Society. The authors have no competing financial interests. NR 37 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JAN 20 PY 2016 VL 34 IS 4 BP 495 EP 502 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.11.077 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA DB9WJ UT WOS:000368868100016 PM 26706277 ER PT J AU Pierse, N Kelly, H Thompson, MG Bissielo, A Radke, S Huang, QS Baker, MG Turner, N AF Pierse, Nevil Kelly, Heath Thompson, Mark G. Bissielo, Ange Radke, Sarah Huang, Q. Sue Baker, Michael G. Turner, Nikki CA SHIVERS Invest Team TI Influenza vaccine effectiveness for hospital and community patients using control groups with and without non-influenza respiratory viruses detected, Auckland, New Zealand 2014 SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Influenza vaccine; Vaccination; Immunisation; Vaccine effectiveness; Test case negative design ID LABORATORY-CONFIRMED INFLUENZA; TEST-NEGATIVE DESIGN; YOUNG-CHILDREN; SEASONAL INFLUENZA; UNITED-STATES; METAANALYSIS; INFECTIONS; RISK; AGE AB Background: We aimed to estimate the protection afforded by inactivated influenza vaccine, in both community and hospital settings, in a well characterised urban population in Auckland during 2014. Methods: We used two different comparison groups, all patients who tested negative for influenza and only those patients who tested negative for influenza and had a non-influenza respiratory virus detected, to calculate the vaccine effectiveness in a test negative study design. Estimates were made separately for general practice outpatient consultations and hospitalised patients, stratified by age group and by influenza type and subtype. Vaccine status was confirmed by electronic record for general practice patients and all respiratory viruses were detected by real time polymerase chain reaction. Results: 1039 hospitalised and 1154 general practice outpatient consultations met all the study inclusion criteria and had a respiratory sample tested for influenza and other respiratory viruses. Compared to general practice patients, hospitalised patients were more likely to be very young or very old, to be Maori or Pacific Islander, to have a low income and to suffer from chronic disease. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) adjusted for age and other participant characteristics using all influenza negative controls was 42% (95% CI: 16 to 60%) for hospitalised and 56% (95% CI: 35 to 70%) for general practice patients. The vaccine appeared to be most effective against the influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 strain with an adjusted VE of 62% (95% CI:38 to 77%) for hospitalised and 59% (95% CI:36 to 74%) for general practice patients, using influenza virus negative controls. Similar results found when patients testing positive for a non-influenza respiratory virus were used as the control group. Conclusion: This study contributes to validation of the test negative design and confirms that inactivated influenza vaccines continue to provide modest but significant protection against laboratory-confirmed influenza. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Pierse, Nevil; Baker, Michael G.] Univ Otago, POB 7343, Wellington 6242, Wellington Sout, New Zealand. [Kelly, Heath] Australian Natl Univ, GPO Box 4, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Kelly, Heath] Victorian Infect Dis Reference Lab, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Bissielo, Ange; Huang, Q. Sue] Inst Environm Sci & Res, Wellington, New Zealand. [Radke, Sarah; Turner, Nikki] Univ Auckland, Private Bag 92019,Victoria St West, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Thompson, Mark G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Pierse, N (reprint author), Univ Otago, POB 7343, Wellington 6242, Wellington Sout, New Zealand. EM nevil.pierse@otago.ac.nz; Heath.Kelly@mh.org.au; isq8@cdc.gov; Ange.Bissielo@esr.cri.nz; s.radke@auckland.ac.nz; sue.huang@esr.cri.nz; michael.baker@otago.ac.nz; n.turner@auckland.ac.nz FU US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [1U01IP000480-01]; ESR; Auckland District Health Board; Counties Manukau District Health Board; University of Otago; University of Auckland; U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Centre at St Jude Children's Hospital in Memphis, USA FX The SHIVERS (Southern Hemisphere Influenza and Vaccine Effectiveness Research and Surveillance) project is funded by US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (1U01IP000480-01). The project is a five year research cooperative agreement between Institute of Environmental Science and Research and US CDC's National Center for Immunisation and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD) Influenza Division. The SHIVERS project is a multi-centre and multi-disciplinary collaboration. Special thanks go to these collaborating organisations for their commitment and supports: ESR, Auckland District Health Board, Counties Manukau District Health Board, University of Otago, University of Auckland, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and WHO Collaborating Centre at St Jude Children's Hospital in Memphis, USA. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JAN 20 PY 2016 VL 34 IS 4 BP 503 EP 509 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.11.073 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA DB9WJ UT WOS:000368868100017 PM 26685091 ER PT J AU Koole, O Denison, JA Menten, J Tsui, S Wabwire-Mangen, F Kwesigabo, G Mulenga, M Auld, A Agolory, S Mukadi, YD van Praag, E Torpey, K Williams, S Kaplan, J Zee, A Bangsberg, DR Colebunders, R AF Koole, Olivier Denison, Julie A. Menten, Joris Tsui, Sharon Wabwire-Mangen, Fred Kwesigabo, Gideon Mulenga, Modest Auld, Andrew Agolory, Simon Mukadi, Ya Diul van Praag, Eric Torpey, Kwasi Williams, Seymour Kaplan, Jonathan Zee, Aaron Bangsberg, David R. Colebunders, Robert TI Reasons for Missing Antiretroviral Therapy: Results from a Multi-Country Study in Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID HIV PATIENTS; REPORTED ADHERENCE; FOOD INSECURITY; SUPPORT; AFRICA; ADULTS; HAART; QUESTIONNAIRE; DETERMINANTS; METAANALYSIS AB Objectives To identify the reasons patients miss taking their antiretroviral therapy (ART) and the proportion who miss their ART because of symptoms; and to explore the association between symptoms and incomplete adherence. Methods Secondary analysis of data collected during a cross-sectional study that examined ART adherence among adults from 18 purposefully selected sites in Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia. We interviewed 250 systematically selected patients per facility (>= 18 years) on reasons for missing ART and symptoms they had experienced (using the HIV Symptom Index). We abstracted clinical data from the patients' medical, pharmacy, and laboratory records. Incomplete adherence was defined as having missed ART for at least 48 consecutive hours during the past 3 months. Results Twenty-nine percent of participants reported at least one reason for having ever missed ART (1278/4425). The most frequent reason was simply forgetting (681/1278 or 53%), followed by ART-related hunger or not having enough food (30%), and symptoms (12%). The median number of symptoms reported by participants was 4 (IQR: 2-7). Every additional symptom increased the odds of incomplete adherence by 12% (OR: 1.1, 95% CI: 1.1-1.2). Female participants and participants initiated on a regimen containing stavudine were more likely to report greater numbers of symptoms. Conclusions Symptoms were a common reason for missing ART, together with simply forgetting and food insecurity. A combination of ART regimens with fewer side effects, use of mobile phone text message reminders, and integration of food supplementation and livelihood programmes into HIV programmes, have the potential to decrease missed ART and hence to improve adherence and the outcomes of ART programmes. C1 [Koole, Olivier] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Clin Res, London WC1, England. [Koole, Olivier; Menten, Joris; Colebunders, Robert] Inst Trop Med, Dept Clin Sci, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium. [Denison, Julie A.; Tsui, Sharon; Mukadi, Ya Diul; van Praag, Eric; Torpey, Kwasi] FHI 360, Social & Behav Hlth Sci, Durham, NC USA. [Denison, Julie A.; Tsui, Sharon] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Wabwire-Mangen, Fred] Makerere Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Inst, Kampala, Uganda. [Kwesigabo, Gideon] Muhimbili Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Mulenga, Modest] Trop Dis Res Ctr, Ndola, Zambia. [Auld, Andrew; Agolory, Simon; Williams, Seymour; Kaplan, Jonathan; Zee, Aaron] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bangsberg, David R.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Bangsberg, David R.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Colebunders, Robert] Univ Antwerp, Epidemiol & Social Med, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium. RP Koole, O (reprint author), London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Clin Res, London WC1, England.; Koole, O (reprint author), Inst Trop Med, Dept Clin Sci, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium. EM olivier.koole@lshtm.ac.uk OI Auld, Andrew/0000-0001-5089-9163 FU President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); Health Resources&Services Administration (HRSA) [2006-N-08428, FHI 360] FX This research has been supported by the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Health Resources&Services Administration (HRSA) under the terms of the contract no. 2006-N-08428 with FHI 360. The CDC provided technical input into the study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, and writing of the manuscript. NR 53 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JAN 20 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 1 AR e0147309 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0147309 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DB5BW UT WOS:000368529100076 PM 26788919 ER PT J AU Riley, C Dellicour, S Ouma, P Kioko, U ter Kuile, FO Omar, A Kariuki, S Buff, AM Desai, M Gutman, J AF Riley, Christina Dellicour, Stephanie Ouma, Peter Kioko, Urbanus ter Kuile, Feiko O. Omar, Ahmeddin Kariuki, Simon Buff, Ann M. Desai, Meghna Gutman, Julie TI Knowledge and Adherence to the National Guidelines for Malaria Case Management in Pregnancy among Healthcare Providers and Drug Outlet Dispensers in Rural, Western Kenya SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; CLUSTER RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; TEXT-MESSAGE REMINDERS; ANTIMALARIAL-DRUGS; WOMEN; SURVEILLANCE; UGANDA; LUMEFANTRINE; PREVALENCE; ARTEMETHER AB Background Although prompt, effective treatment is a cornerstone of malaria control, information on provider adherence to malaria in pregnancy (MIP) treatment guidelines is limited. Incorrect or sub-optimal treatment can adversely affect the mother and fetus. This study assessed provider knowledge of and adherence to national case management guidelines for uncomplicated MIP. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study from September to November 2013, in 51 health facilities (HF) and a randomly-selected sample of 39 drug outlets (DO) in the KEMRI/CDC Health and Demographic Surveillance System area in western Kenya. Provider knowledge of national treatment guidelines was assessed with standardized questionnaires. Correct practice required adequate diagnosis, pregnancy assessment, and treatment with correct drug and dosage. In HF, we conducted exit interviews in all women of childbearing age assessed for fever. In DO, simulated clients posing as first trimester pregnant women or as relatives of third trimester pregnant women collected standardized information. Results Correct MIP case management knowledge and practice were observed in 45% and 31% of HF and 0% and 3% of DO encounters, respectively. The correct drug and dosage for pregnancy trimester was prescribed in 62% of HF and 42% of DO encounters; correct prescription occurred less often in first than in second/third trimesters (HF: 24% vs. 65%, p<0.01; DO: 0% vs. 40%, p<0.01). Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, which is not recommended for malaria treatment, was prescribed in 3% of HF and 18% of DO encounters. Exposure to artemether-lumefantrine in first trimester, which is contraindicated, occurred in 29% and 49% of HF and DO encounters, respectively. Conclusion This study highlights knowledge inadequacies and incorrect prescribing practices in the treatment of MIP. Particularly concerning is the prescription of contraindicated medications in the first trimester. These issues should be addressed through comprehensive trainings and increased supportive supervision. Additional innovative means to improve care should be explored. C1 [Riley, Christina] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Dellicour, Stephanie; ter Kuile, Feiko O.] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. [Ouma, Peter; Kariuki, Simon] Ctr Global Hlth Res, KEMRI, Kisumu, Kenya. [Kioko, Urbanus; Omar, Ahmeddin] Minist Hlth, Malaria Control Unit, Nairobi, Kenya. [Buff, Ann M.; Desai, Meghna; Gutman, Julie] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Buff, Ann M.] US Presidents Malaria Initiat, Nairobi, Kenya. [Desai, Meghna] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kisumu, Kenya. RP Riley, C (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.; Gutman, J (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. EM riley.christinam@gmail.com; jgutman@cdc.gov OI ter Kuile, Feiko/0000-0003-3663-5617 FU United States President's Malaria Initiative; U.S. Agency for International Development; U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX This publication was made possible through support provided by the United States President's Malaria Initiative, U.S. Agency for International Development and U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), under the terms of an Interagency Agreement with CDC and through a Cooperative Agreement between the CDC and the Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI). The sponsor of the study had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, or writing of the report. The corresponding author had full access to all of the data in the study and had final responsibility for the decision to submit for publication. NR 39 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JAN 20 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 1 AR e0145616 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0145616 PG 18 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DB5BW UT WOS:000368529100012 PM 26789638 ER PT J AU Heidebrecht, CL Podewils, LJ Pym, AS Cohen, T Mthiyane, T Wilson, D AF Heidebrecht, Christine L. Podewils, Laura J. Pym, Alexander S. Cohen, Ted Mthiyane, Thuli Wilson, Douglas TI Assessing the utility of Xpert (R) MTB/RIF as a screening tool for patients admitted to medical wards in South Africa SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID DRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS; HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; NOSOCOMIAL TRANSMISSION; PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS; RIFAMPIN RESISTANCE; HIV-INFECTION; DIAGNOSIS; SETTINGS AB Many hospital inpatients in South Africa have undiagnosed active and drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB). Early detection of TB is essential to inform immediate infection control actions to minimize transmission risk. We assessed the utility of Xpert (R) MTB/RIF (GeneXpert) as a screening tool for medical admissions at a large public hospital in South Africa. Consecutive adult patients admitted to medical wards between March-June 2013 were enrolled; sputum specimens were collected and tested by GeneXpert, smear microscopy, and culture. Chest X-rays (CXRs) were conducted as standard care for all patients admitted. We evaluated the proportion of patients identified with TB disease through each diagnostic method. Among enrolled patients whose medical charts were available for review postdischarge, 61 (27%) were diagnosed with TB; 34 (56% of diagnosed TB cases) were GeneXpert positive. When patients in whom TB was identified by other means were excluded, GeneXpert yielded only four additional TB cases. However, GeneXpert identified rifampicin-resistant TB in one patient, who was initially diagnosed based on CXR. The utility of GeneXpert for TB screening was limited in an institution where CXR is conducted routinely and which serves a population in which TB and TB/HIV co-infection are highly prevalent, but it allowed for rapid detection of rifampicin resistance. C1 [Heidebrecht, Christine L.] MRC, Clin & Biomed TB Res Unit, Pretoria, South Africa. [Podewils, Laura J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Pym, Alexander S.] KwaZulu Natal Res Inst TB & HIV K RITH, Pretoria, South Africa. [Cohen, Ted] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Global Hlth Equ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Cohen, Ted] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Mthiyane, Thuli] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Lab Med & Med Sci, Pretoria, South Africa. [Wilson, Douglas] Edendale Hosp, Dept Med, Edendale, South Africa. RP Podewils, LJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lpp8@cdc.gov OI Pym, Alexander/0000-0002-6260-8180 FU Centers for Disease Control [5 U51 PS000729-05, PA PS07-006]; South African Medical Research Council [5 U51 PS000729-05, PA PS07-006] FX This evaluation was made possible through funding and collaboration between the Centers for Disease Control and the South African Medical Research Council (Cooperative Agreement 5 U51 PS000729-05, PA PS07-006). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the US. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. References in this manuscript to any specific commercial products, process, service, manufacturer, or company does not constitute its endorsement or recommendation by the US. Government or CDC. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 11 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD JAN 20 PY 2016 VL 6 AR 19391 DI 10.1038/srep19391 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DB2PI UT WOS:000368351100001 PM 26786396 ER PT J AU Hald, T Aspinall, W Devleesschauwer, B Cooke, R Corrigan, T Havelaar, AH Gibb, HJ Torgerson, PR Kirk, MD Angulo, FJ Lake, RJ Speybroeck, N Hoffmann, S AF Hald, Tine Aspinall, Willy Devleesschauwer, Brecht Cooke, Roger Corrigan, Tim Havelaar, Arie H. Gibb, Herman J. Torgerson, Paul R. Kirk, Martyn D. Angulo, Fred J. Lake, Robin J. Speybroeck, Niko Hoffmann, Sandra TI World Health Organization Estimates of the Relative Contributions of Food to the Burden of Disease Due to Selected Foodborne Hazards: A Structured Expert Elicitation SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SOURCE ATTRIBUTION; HUMAN SALMONELLOSIS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PUBLIC-HEALTH; UNITED-STATES; HUMAN CAMPYLOBACTERIOSIS; SPORADIC INFECTIONS; RISK-ASSESSMENT; OUTBREAK DATA; NEW-ZEALAND AB Background The Foodborne Disease Burden Epidemiology Reference Group (FERG) was established in 2007 by the World Health Organization (WHO) to estimate the global burden of foodborne diseases (FBDs). This estimation is complicated because most of the hazards causing FBD are not transmitted solely by food; most have several potential exposure routes consisting of transmission from animals, by humans, and via environmental routes including water. This paper describes an expert elicitation study conducted by the FERG Source Attribution Task Force to estimate the relative contribution of food to the global burden of diseases commonly transmitted through the consumption of food. Methods and Findings We applied structured expert judgment using Cooke's Classical Model to obtain estimates for 14 subregions for the relative contributions of different transmission pathways for eleven diarrheal diseases, seven other infectious diseases and one chemical (lead). Experts were identified through international networks followed by social network sampling. Final selection of experts was based on their experience including international working experience. Enrolled experts were scored on their ability to judge uncertainty accurately and informatively using a series of subject-matter specific 'seed' questions whose answers are unknown to the experts at the time they are interviewed. Trained facilitators elicited the 5th, and 50th and 95th percentile responses to seed questions through telephone interviews. Cooke's Classical Model uses responses to the seed questions to weigh and aggregate expert responses. After this interview, the experts were asked to provide 5th, 50th, and 95th percentile estimates for the 'target' questions regarding disease transmission routes. A total of 72 experts were enrolled in the study. Ten panels were global, meaning that the experts should provide estimates for all 14 subregions, whereas the nine panels were subregional, with experts providing estimates for one or more subregions, depending on their experience in the region. The size of the 19 hazard-specific panels ranged from 6 to 15 persons with several experts serving on more than one panel. Pathogens with animal reservoirs (e.g. non-typhoidal Salmonella spp. and Toxoplasma gondii) were in general assessed by the experts to have a higher proportion of illnesses attributable to food than pathogens with mainly a human reservoir, where human-to-human transmission (e.g. Shigella spp. and Norovirus) or waterborne transmission (e.g. Salmonella Typhi and Vibrio cholerae) were judged to dominate. For many pathogens, the foodborne route was assessed relatively more important in developed subregions than in developing subregions. The main exposure routes for lead varied across subregions, with the foodborne route being assessed most important only in two subregions of the European region. Conclusions For the first time, we present worldwide estimates of the proportion of specific diseases attributable to food and other major transmission routes. These findings are essential for global burden of FBD estimates. While gaps exist, we believe the estimates presented here are the best current source of guidance to support decision makers when allocating resources for control and intervention, and for future research initiatives. C1 [Hald, Tine] Tech Univ Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Aspinall, Willy] Aspinall & Associates, Tisbury, England. [Aspinall, Willy] Univ Bristol, Bristol, England. [Devleesschauwer, Brecht] Univ Ghent, Merelbeke, Belgium. [Devleesschauwer, Brecht; Speybroeck, Niko] Catholic Univ Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium. [Devleesschauwer, Brecht] Inst Trop Med, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium. [Cooke, Roger] Resources Future Inc, Washington, DC USA. [Cooke, Roger] Delft Univ Technol, Delft, Netherlands. [Corrigan, Tim] WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Havelaar, Arie H.] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Havelaar, Arie H.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Havelaar, Arie H.] Univ Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Gibb, Herman J.] Gibb Epidemiol Consulting LLC, Arlington, VA USA. [Torgerson, Paul R.] Univ Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. [Kirk, Martyn D.] Australian Natl Univ, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Angulo, Fred J.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lake, Robin J.] Inst Environm Sci & Res, Christchurch, New Zealand. [Hoffmann, Sandra] Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. RP Hald, T (reprint author), Tech Univ Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. EM tiha@food.dtu.dk RI Torgerson, Paul/A-7510-2010; Torgerson, Paul /M-4447-2013; OI Torgerson, Paul/0000-0003-4277-9983; Torgerson, Paul /0000-0003-4277-9983; Aspinall, Willy/0000-0001-6014-6042 FU Aspinall Associate; Gibb Epidemiology Consulting LLC; United Kingdom Natural Environment Research Council [Consortium on Risk in the Environment: Diagnostics, Integration, Benchmarking, Learning and Elicitation (CREDIBLE)] [NE/J017450/1] FX This study was commissioned and paid for by the World Health Organization. Copyright in the original work on which this article is based belongs to WHO. The authors have been given permission to publish this article. Aspinall & Associate and Gibb Epidemiology Consulting LLC provided support in the form of salaries for authors [WA, HJG], but did not have any additional role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The specific roles of these authors are articulated in the 'author contributions' section. The work by WPA was further supported by the United Kingdom Natural Environment Research Council [Consortium on Risk in the Environment: Diagnostics, Integration, Benchmarking, Learning and Elicitation (CREDIBLE); grant number NE/J017450/1]. This Council provided support in form of salary, but did not have additional role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 63 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 6 U2 29 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JAN 19 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 1 AR e0145839 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0145839 PG 35 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DB5BP UT WOS:000368528400021 PM 26784029 ER PT J AU Tyx, RE Stanfill, SB Keong, LM Rivera, AJ Satten, GA Watson, CH AF Tyx, Robert E. Stanfill, Stephen B. Keong, Lisa M. Rivera, Angel J. Satten, Glen A. Watson, Clifford H. TI Characterization of Bacterial Communities in Selected Smokeless Tobacco Products Using 16S rDNA Analysis SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID NITRATE REDUCTION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; KYOTO ENCYCLOPEDIA; TOTAL NICOTINE; UNITED-STATES; SWEDISH SNUS; NITROSAMINES; NITRITE; GENOMES; SYSTEM AB The bacterial communities present in smokeless tobacco (ST) products have not previously reported. In this study, we used Next Generation Sequencing to study the bacteria present in U.S.-made dry snuff, moist snuff and Sudanese toombak. Sample diversity and taxonomic abundances were investigated in these products. A total of 33 bacterial families from four phyla, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes, were identified. U.S.-produced dry snuff products contained a diverse distribution of all four phyla. Moist snuff products were dominated by Firmicutes. Toombak samples contained mainly Actinobacteria and Firmicutes (Aerococcaceae, Enterococcaceae, and Staphylococcaceae). The program PICRUSt (Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States) was used to impute the prevalence of genes encoding selected bacterial toxins, antibiotic resistance genes and other pro-inflammatory molecules. PICRUSt also predicted the presence of specific nitrate reductase genes, whose products can contribute to the formation of carcinogenic nitrosamines. Characterization of microbial community abundances and their associated genomes gives us an indication of the presence or absence of pathways of interest and can be used as a foundation for further investigation into the unique microbiological and chemical environments of smokeless tobacco products. C1 [Tyx, Robert E.; Stanfill, Stephen B.; Keong, Lisa M.; Rivera, Angel J.; Watson, Clifford H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. [Satten, Glen A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rivera, Angel J.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Keong, Lisa M.] Battelle Analyt Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Tyx, RE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. EM wyu3@cdc.gov FU Battelle Analytical Services; U.S. Centers for Disease control and Prevention FX Battelle Analytical Services, through a contract with U.S. Centers for Disease control and Prevention, provided support in the form of salaries for authors (LMK), but did not have any additional role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The specific roles of these authors are articulated in the 'author contributions' section. NR 53 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 15 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JAN 19 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 1 AR e0146939 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0146939 PG 21 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DB5BP UT WOS:000368528400081 PM 26784944 ER PT J AU Conklin, LM Bigogo, G Jagero, G Hampton, L Junghae, M Carvalho, MD Pimenta, F Beall, B Taylor, T Plikaytis, B Laserson, KF Vulule, J Van Beneden, C Whitney, CG Breiman, RF Feikin, DR AF Conklin, Laura M. Bigogo, Godfrey Jagero, Geofrey Hampton, Lee Junghae, Muthoni Carvalho, Maria da Gloria Pimenta, Fabiana Beall, Bernard Taylor, Thomas Plikaytis, Brian Laserson, Kayla F. Vulule, John Van Beneden, Chris Whitney, Cynthia G. Breiman, Robert F. Feikin, Daniel R. TI High Streptococcus pneumoniae colonization prevalence among HIV-infected Kenyan parents in the year before pneumococcal conjugate vaccine introduction SO BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Streptococcus pneumoniae; Pneumococcus; Nasopharyngeal colonization; HIV; Kenya; Africa; PCV ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS-INFECTION; RURAL WESTERN KENYA; UNITED-STATES; NASOPHARYNGEAL CARRIAGE; SEROTYPE 19A; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; DEVELOPING-WORLD; RISK-FACTORS; HIGH-RATES AB Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae is a leading cause of pneumonia, meningitis and sepsis in developing countries, particularly among children and HIV-infected persons. Pneumococcal oropharyngeal (OP) or nasopharyngeal (NP) colonization is a precursor to development of invasive disease. New conjugate vaccines hold promise for reducing colonization and disease. Methods: Prior to introduction of 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10), we conducted a cross-sectional survey among HIV-infected parents of children < 5 years old in rural Kenya. Other parents living with an HIV-infected adult were also enrolled. After broth enrichment, NP and OP swabs were cultured for pneumococcus. Serotypes were identified by Quellung. Antimicrobial susceptibility was performed using broth microdilution. Results: We enrolled 973 parents; 549 (56.4 %) were HIV-infected, 153 (15.7 %) were HIV-uninfected and 271 (27.9 %) had unknown HIV status. Among HIV-infected parents, the median age was 32 years (range 15-74) and 374/549 (68 %) were mothers. Pneumococci were isolated from 237/549 (43.2 %) HIV-infected parents and 41/153 (26.8 %) HIV-non-infected parents (p = 0.0003). Colonization with PCV10 serotypes was not significantly more frequent in HIV-infected (12.9 %) than HIV-uninfected parents (11.8 %; p = 0.70). Among HIV-infected parents, cooking site separate from sleeping area and CD4 count > 250 were protective (OR = 0.6; 95 % CI 0.4, 0.9 and OR = 0.5; 95 % CI 0.2, 0.9, respectively); other associations were not identified. Among 309 isolates tested from all parents, 255 (80.4 %) were penicillin non-susceptible (MIC = 0.12 mu g/ml). Conclusions: Prevalence of pneumococcal colonization is high among HIV-infected parents in rural Kenya. If young children are the pneumococcal reservoir for this population, PCV10 introduction may reduce vaccine-type colonization and disease among HIV-infected parents through indirect protection. C1 [Conklin, Laura M.; Hampton, Lee; Carvalho, Maria da Gloria; Pimenta, Fabiana; Beall, Bernard; Taylor, Thomas; Plikaytis, Brian; Van Beneden, Chris; Whitney, Cynthia G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Bigogo, Godfrey; Jagero, Geofrey; Junghae, Muthoni; Laserson, Kayla F.; Breiman, Robert F.; Feikin, Daniel R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kenya Med Res Inst, Kisumu, Kenya. [Vulule, John] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Kisumu, Kenya. [Conklin, Laura M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bigogo, Godfrey] CDC Res Collaborat, KEMRI, Kisumu 40100, Kenya. RP Conklin, LM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM dvj3@cdc.gov FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; United States Agency for International Development FX This study was funded in part by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and the United States Agency for International Development. There are no other competing interests. NR 49 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2334 J9 BMC INFECT DIS JI BMC Infect. Dis. PD JAN 16 PY 2016 VL 16 AR 18 DI 10.1186/s12879-015-1312-2 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DB3DD UT WOS:000368389300002 PM 26774803 ER PT J AU Stewart, SL Thompson, TD Weir, HK Rim, SH AF Stewart, Sherri L. Thompson, Trevor D. Weir, Hannah K. Rim, Sun Hee TI Ovarian cancer incidence projections in the United States: Expected increases through 2030. SO CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT AACR Special Conference on Advances in Ovarian Cancer Research - Exploiting Vulnerabilities CY OCT 17-20, 2015 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Assoc Canc Res C1 [Stewart, Sherri L.; Thompson, Trevor D.; Weir, Hannah K.; Rim, Sun Hee] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1078-0432 EI 1557-3265 J9 CLIN CANCER RES JI Clin. Cancer Res. PD JAN 15 PY 2016 VL 22 SU 2 MA B35 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA DI2QU UT WOS:000373342300097 ER PT J AU Fowler, HN Holzbauer, SM Smith, KE Scheftel, JM AF Fowler, Heather N. Holzbauer, Stacy M. Smith, Kirk E. Scheftel, Joni M. TI Survey of occupational hazards in Minnesota veterinary practices in 2012 SO JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID ADVERSE REPRODUCTIVE OUTCOMES; SWINE CONFINEMENT BUILDINGS; FEMALE VETERINARIANS; UNITED-STATES; AUSTRALIAN VETERINARIANS; RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS; NEEDLESTICK INJURIES; WORKING HOURS; ANIMAL PRACTICES; HEALTH-RISKS AB OBJECTIVE To identify the scope of occupational hazards encountered by veterinary personnel and compare hazard exposures between veterinarians and technicians working in small and large animal practices. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. POPULATION Licensed veterinarians and veterinary staff in Minnesota. PROCEDURES A survey of Minnesota veterinary personnel was conducted between February 1 and December 1, 2012. Adult veterinary personnel working in clinical practice for >12 months were eligible to participate. Information was collected on various workplace hazards as well as on workplace safety culture. RESULTS 831 eligible people responded, representing approximately 10% of Minnesota veterinary personnel. A greater proportion of veterinarians (93%; 368/394) reported having received preexposure rabies vaccinations than did veterinary technicians (54%; 198/365). During their career, 226 (27%) respondents had acquired at least 1 zoonotic infection and 636 (77%) had been injured by a needle or other sharps. Recapping of needles was reported by 87% of respondents; the most common reason reported by veterinarians (41%; 142/345) and veterinary technicians (71%; 238/333) was being trained to do so at school or work. Recent feelings of depression were reported by 204 (25%) respondents. A greater proportion of technicians (42%; 155/365) than veterinarians (21%; 81/394) indicated working in an environment in which employees experienced some form of workplace abuse. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Veterinary personnel in Minnesota were exposed to several work-related hazards. Practice staff should assess workplace hazards, implement controls, and incorporate instruction on occupational health into employee training. C1 [Fowler, Heather N.; Holzbauer, Stacy M.; Smith, Kirk E.; Scheftel, Joni M.] Minnesota Dept Hlth, 625 North Robert St, St Paul, MN 55155 USA. [Fowler, Heather N.] Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Occupat & Environm Hlth Sci, Ctr Hlth Res 1, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Holzbauer, Stacy M.] CDC, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Fowler, HN (reprint author), Minnesota Dept Hlth, 625 North Robert St, St Paul, MN 55155 USA.; Fowler, HN (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Occupat & Environm Hlth Sci, Ctr Hlth Res 1, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM hfowler@uw.edu FU University of Minnesota Upper Midwest Agricultural Safety and Health Center FX Funded in part by the University of Minnesota Upper Midwest Agricultural Safety and Health Center. NR 88 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0003-1488 EI 1943-569X J9 JAVMA-J AM VET MED A JI JAVMA-J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD JAN 15 PY 2016 VL 248 IS 2 BP 207 EP 218 PG 12 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA DI0UR UT WOS:000373213300017 PM 26720089 ER PT J AU Nelson, MI Wentworth, DE Das, SR Sreevatsan, S Killian, ML Nolting, JM Slemons, RD Bowman, AS AF Nelson, Martha I. Wentworth, David E. Das, Suman R. Sreevatsan, Srinand Killian, Mary L. Nolting, Jacqueline M. Slemons, Richard D. Bowman, Andrew S. TI Evolutionary Dynamics of Influenza A Viruses in US Exhibition Swine SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE influenza Avirus; swine; human-animal interface; evolution; genomics; gene flow; United States; exhibition animals ID UNITED-STATES; AGRICULTURAL FAIRS; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; A(H3N2) VIRUS; OHIO; TRANSMISSION; REASSORTMENT; HUMANS; MODELS; PIGS AB The role of exhibition swine in influenza Avirus transmission was recently demonstrated by >300 infections with influenza A(H3N2) variant viruses among individuals who attended agricultural fairs. Through active influenza A virus surveillance in US exhibition swine and whole-genome sequencing of 380 isolates, we demonstrate that exhibition swine are actively involved in the evolution of influenza A viruses, including zoonotic strains. First, frequent introduction of influenza A viruses from commercial swine populations provides new genetic diversity in exhibition pigs each year locally. Second, genomic reassortment between viruses cocirculating in exhibition swine increases viral diversity. Third, viral migration between exhibition swine in neighboring states demonstrates that movements of exhibition pigs contributes to the spread of genetic diversity. The unexpected frequency of viral exchange between commercial and exhibition swine raises questions about the understudied interface between these populations. Overall, the complexity of viral evolution in exhibition swine indicates that novel viruses are likely to continually reemerge, presenting threats to humans. C1 [Nelson, Martha I.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Wentworth, David E.; Das, Suman R.] Infect Dis Grp, J Craig Venter Inst, Rockville, MD USA. [Sreevatsan, Srinand] Univ Minnesota, Dept Vet Biomed Sci, St Paul, MN USA. [Sreevatsan, Srinand] Univ Minnesota, Dept Vet Populat Med, St Paul, MN USA. [Killian, Mary L.] USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Nolting, Jacqueline M.; Slemons, Richard D.; Bowman, Andrew S.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Vet Prevent Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Wentworth, David E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Virol Surveillance & Diag Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Bowman, AS (reprint author), 1920 Coffey Rd, Columbus, OH USA. EM bowman.214@osu.edu OI Wentworth, David/0000-0002-5190-980X; Sreevatsan, Srinand/0000-0002-5162-2403 FU Centers of Excellence for Influenza Research and Surveillance, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) [HHSN266200700007C, HHSN272201400006C]; NIAID, NIH, DHHS [HHSN272200900007C]; Multinational Influenza Seasonal Mortality Study, an ongoing international collaborative effort to understand influenza epidemiology and evolution, led by the Fogarty International Center, NIH; Office of Global Affairs at the Department of Health and Human Services; National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, US Department of Agriculture FX This work was supported by the Centers of Excellence for Influenza Research and Surveillance, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS; contracts HHSN266200700007C and HHSN272201400006C); the NIAID, NIH, DHHS (contract HHSN272200900007C); the Multinational Influenza Seasonal Mortality Study, an ongoing international collaborative effort to understand influenza epidemiology and evolution, led by the Fogarty International Center, NIH, with funding from the Office of Global Affairs at the Department of Health and Human Services; and the National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, US Department of Agriculture. NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JAN 15 PY 2016 VL 213 IS 2 BP 173 EP 182 DI 10.1093/infdis/jiv399 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DF3IQ UT WOS:000371237900003 PM 26243317 ER PT J AU Liu, G Markowitz, LE Hariri, S Panicker, G Unger, ER AF Liu, Gui Markowitz, Lauri E. Hariri, Susan Panicker, Gitika Unger, Elizabeth R. TI Seroprevalence of 9 Human Papillomavirus Types in the United States, 2005-2006 SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE human papillomavirus; seroprevalence; racial differences ID GRADE CERVICAL LESIONS; VACCINATION RECOMMENDATIONS; IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; NATIONAL-HEALTH; HPV VACCINE; INFECTION; MEN; ATTRIBUTION; PERSISTENCE AB Background. A 9-valent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, licensed in 2014, prevents 4 HPV types targeted by the quadrivalent vaccine (6/11/16/18) and 5 additional high-risk (HR) types (31/33/45/52/58). Measuring seropositivity before vaccine introduction provides baseline data on exposure to types targeted by vaccines. Methods. We determined seroprevalence of HPV 6/11/16/18/31/33/45/52/58 among 4943 persons aged 14-59 years who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005-2006. Results. Among females, seroprevalence was 40.5% for any of the 9 vaccine types, 30.0% for any 7 HR types (16/18/31/33/45/52/58), 19.0% for any 5 additional types (31/33/45/52/58), and 18.3% for 16/18. Compared with non-Hispanic whites, non-Hispanic blacks had higher seroprevalence of 31/33/45/52/58 (36.8% vs 15.9%) and 16/18 (30.1% vs 17.8%), while Mexican Americans had higher seroprevalence of 31/33/45/52/58 (23.6% vs 15.9%) (P < .05 for all). In multivariable analyses of data from females, race/ethnicity, number of sex partners, and age were associated with 16/18 and 31/33/45/52/58 seropositivity. Seropositivity was lower among males than among females (P < .001 for all type categories). Conclusions. In 2005-2006, about 40% of females and 20% of males had serological evidence of exposure to >= 1 of 9 HPV types. Seroprevalence of all type categories, especially HPV 31/33/45/52/58 among females, varied by race/ethnicity. C1 [Liu, Gui; Markowitz, Lauri E.; Hariri, Susan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-02, Atlanta, GA 30306 USA. [Panicker, Gitika; Unger, Elizabeth R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30306 USA. RP Liu, G (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-02, Atlanta, GA 30306 USA. EM wrf8@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JAN 15 PY 2016 VL 213 IS 2 BP 191 EP 198 DI 10.1093/infdis/jiv403 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DF3IQ UT WOS:000371237900005 PM 26320259 ER PT J AU Freeland, AL Vaughan, GH Banerjee, SN AF Freeland, Amy L. Vaughan, George H., Jr. Banerjee, Shailendra N. TI Acute Gastroenteritis on Cruise Ships - United States, 2008-2014 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID NOROVIRUS; DISEASE; EPIDEMIOLOGY C1 [Freeland, Amy L.; Vaughan, George H., Jr.] CDC, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Vessel Sanitat Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Banerjee, Shailendra N.] CDC, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Freeland, AL (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Vessel Sanitat Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM afreeland@cdc.gov NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JAN 15 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 1 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DF4TQ UT WOS:000371344100001 ER PT J AU Harrison, RJ Retzer, K Kosnett, MJ Hodgson, M Jordan, T Ridl, S Kiefer, M AF Harrison, Robert J. Retzer, Kyla Kosnett, Michael J. Hodgson, Michael Jordan, Todd Ridl, Sophia Kiefer, Max TI Sudden Deaths Among Oil and Gas Extraction Workers Resulting from Oxygen Deficiency and Inhalation of Hydrocarbon Gases and Vapors - United States, January 2010-March 2015 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Harrison, Robert J.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Occupat & Environm Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Retzer, Kyla; Ridl, Sophia; Kiefer, Max] CDC, NIOSH, Western States Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kosnett, Michael J.] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Div Clin Pharmacol & Toxicol, Washington, DC USA. [Kosnett, Michael J.] Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Washington, DC USA. [Hodgson, Michael] Occupat Safety & Hlth Adm, Off Occupat Med & Nursing, Washington, DC USA. [Jordan, Todd] Occupat Safety & Hlth Adm, Hlth Response Team, Salt Lake City, UT USA. RP Harrison, RJ (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Occupat & Environm Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM Robert.harrison@ucsf.edu NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JAN 15 PY 2016 VL 65 IS 1 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DF4TQ UT WOS:000371344100002 ER PT J AU Sun, XJ Belser, JA Tumpey, TM AF Sun, Xiangjie Belser, Jessica A. Tumpey, Terrence M. TI A novel eight amino acid insertion contributes to the hemagglutinin cleavability and the virulence of a highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H7N3) virus in mice SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Avian influenza; Influenza virus; hemagglutinin ID CLEAVAGE SITE; HUMAN CONJUNCTIVITIS; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; POULTRY WORKERS; H5 HA; INFECTION; MEXICO; FURIN; GENE; RECOMBINATION AB In 2012, an avian influenza A H7N3 (A/Mexico/InDRE7218/2012; Mx/7218) virus was responsible for two confirmed cases of human infection and led to the death or culling of more than 22 million chickens in Jalisco, Mexico. Interestingly, this virus acquired an 8-amino acid (aa)-insertion (..PENPK-DRKSRHRR-TR/GLF) near the hemagglutinin (HA) cleavage site by nonhomologous recombination with host rRNA. It remains unclear which specific residues at the cleavage site contribute to the virulence of H7N3 viruses in mammals. Using loss-of-function approaches, we generated a series of cleavage site mutant viruses by reverse genetics and characterized the viruses in vitro and in vivo. We found that the 8-aa insertion and the arginine at position P4 of the Mx/7218 HA cleavage site are essential for intracellular HA cleavage in 293T cells, but have no effect on the pH of membrane fusion. However, we identified a role for the histidine residue at P5 position in viral fusion pH. In mice, the 8-aa insertion is required for Mx/7218 virus virulence; however, the basic residues upstream of the P4 position are dispensable for virulence. Overall, our study provides the first line of evidence that the insertion in the Mx/7218 virus HA cleavage site confers its intracellular cleavability, and consequently contributes to enhanced virulence in mice. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Sun, Xiangjie; Belser, Jessica A.; Tumpey, Terrence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunol & Resp Dis, Influenza Div, Immunol & Pathogenesis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Tumpey, TM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G16, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tft9@cdc.gov NR 58 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD JAN 15 PY 2016 VL 488 BP 120 EP 128 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2015.10.032 PG 9 WC Virology SC Virology GA DE0KJ UT WOS:000370313500015 PM 26629952 ER PT J AU Li, P Cai, JZ Cai, M Wu, WX Li, CH Lei, MT Xu, HL Feng, LJ Ma, JW Feng, YY Xiao, LH AF Li, Pei Cai, Jinzhong Cai, Min Wu, Wenxian Li, Chunhua Lei, Mengtong Xu, Hailing Feng, Lijun Ma, Jiawen Feng, Yaoyu Xiao, Lihua TI Distribution of Cryptosporidium species in Tibetan sheep and yaks in Qinghai, China SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cryptosporidium; Qinghai; Tibetan sheep; Yaks; SSU rRNA ID MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; DAIRY-CATTLE; GIARDIA-DUODENALIS; FARM-ANIMALS; GOAT KIDS; SPP.; PREVALENCE; LAMBS; UBIQUITUM; GENOTYPES AB Few data are available on the distribution of Cryptosporidium species in Tibetan sheep and yaks, which are free-range animals living in a cold, low oxygen, and high ultraviolet radiation habitat. In this study, 904 fecal specimens were collected from 350 Tibetan sheep and 554 yaks in six counties. Cryptosporidium spp. were detected and differentiated by PCR and sequence analyses. Altogether, 43 (12.3%) Tibetan sheep and 158 (28.5%) yaks were positive for Cryptosporidium spp. In Tibetan sheep, Cryptosporidium xiaoi (39/43, 90.7%) was the dominant species, with the remaining cases (4/43, 9.3%) by Cryptosporidium ubiquitum. All C ubiquitum specimens belonged to the subtype family XIla. In contrast, Cryptosporidium andersoni (72/158,45.6%), Cryptosporidium bovis (47/158,29.7%), Cryptosporidium ryanae cattle type (35/158,22.2%), C. ryanae buffalo type (2/158, 1.3%), and Cryptosporidium suis-like (2/158, 1.3%) were identified in yaks. Contradictory to previous observations, C andersoni was one of the dominant Cryptosporidium species in yaks in this study. Despite sharing habitats, Tibetan sheep and yaks are evidently infected with different Cryptosporidium species. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, Pei; Cai, Min; Wu, Wenxian; Xu, Hailing; Feng, Lijun; Ma, Jiawen; Feng, Yaoyu] E China Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Resource & Environm, State Key Lab Bioreactor Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. [Cai, Jinzhong; Li, Chunhua; Lei, Mengtong] Qinghai Acad Vet Med & Anim Sci, Xining 810016, Peoples R China. [Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Feng, YY (reprint author), E China Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Resource & Environm, State Key Lab Bioreactor Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. EM yyfeng@ecust.edu.cn RI Feng, Yaoyu/B-3076-2014; Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31110103901, 31425025, 31229005]; National Science and Technology Collaboration Program of China [2008DFA30470]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China FX This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (31110103901, 31425025 and 31229005), National Science and Technology Collaboration Program of China (2008DFA30470), and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China. NR 36 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 7 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 EI 1873-2550 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD JAN 15 PY 2016 VL 215 BP 58 EP 62 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.11.009 PG 5 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA DC4TI UT WOS:000369212800011 PM 26790738 ER PT J AU Emperador, DM Velasquez, DE Estivariz, CF Lopman, B Jiang, BM Parashar, U Anand, A Zaman, K AF Emperador, Devy M. Velasquez, Daniel E. Estivariz, Concepcion F. Lopman, Ben Jiang, Baoming Parashar, Umesh Anand, Abhijeet Zaman, Khalequ TI Interference of Monovalent, Bivalent, and Trivalent Oral Poliovirus Vaccines on Monovalent Rotavirus Vaccine Immunogenicity in Rural Bangladesh SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Rotarix; rotavirus vaccine; oral polio vaccine; OPV; vaccine interference ID ROUTINE INFANT VACCINES; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; INDIAN INFANTS; PERFORMANCE; CHILDREN; EFFICACY; IMPACT; PROTECTION; INFECTION AB Background. Trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) is known to interfere with monovalent rotavirus vaccine (RV1) immunogenicity. The interference caused by bivalent and monovalent OPV formulations, which will be increasingly used globally in coming years, has not been examined. We conducted a post hoc analysis to assess the effect of coadministration of different OPV formulations on RV1 immunogenicity. Methods. Healthy infants in Matlab, Bangladesh, were randomized to receive 3 doses of monovalent OPV type 1 or bivalent OPV types 1 and 3 at either 6, 8, and 10 or 6, 10, and 14 weeks of age or trivalent OPV at 6, 10, and 14 weeks of age. All infants received 2 doses of RV1 at about 6 and 10 weeks of age. Concomitant administration was defined as RV1 and OPV given on the same day; staggered administration as RV1 and OPV given > 1 day apart. Rotavirus seroconversion was defined as a 4-fold rise in immunoglobulin A titer from before the first RV1 dose to >= 3 weeks after the second RV1 dose. Results. There were no significant differences in baseline RV1 immunogenicity among the 409 infants included in the final analysis. Infants who received RV1 and OPV concomitantly, regardless of OPV formulation, were less likely to seroconvert (47%; 95% confidence interval, 39%-54%) than those who received both vaccines staggered >= 1 day (63%; 57%-70%; P <.001). For staggered administration, we found no evidence that the interval between RV1 and OPV administration affected RV1 immunogenicity. Conclusions. Coadministration of monovalent, bivalent, or trivalent OPV seems to lower RV1 immunogenicity. C1 [Emperador, Devy M.; Velasquez, Daniel E.; Lopman, Ben; Jiang, Baoming; Parashar, Umesh] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, MS G04,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Estivariz, Concepcion F.; Anand, Abhijeet] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zaman, Khalequ] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. RP Jiang, BM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, MS G04,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM bxj4@cdc.gov FU CDC [00846] FX This research was funded by the CDC (grant 00846 to the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research) and D. M. E. received appointment to the Emerging Infectious Diseases Fellowship Program administered by the Association of Public Health Laboratories. NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JAN 15 PY 2016 VL 62 IS 2 BP 150 EP 156 DI 10.1093/cid/civ807 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DB6JW UT WOS:000368622300008 PM 26349548 ER PT J AU Moon, SS Groome, MJ Velasquez, DE Parashar, UD Jones, S Koen, A van Niekerk, N Jiang, BM Madhi, SA AF Moon, Sung-Sil Groome, Michelle J. Velasquez, Daniel E. Parashar, Umesh D. Jones, Stephanie Koen, Antoinette van Niekerk, Nadia Jiang, Baoming Madhi, Shabir A. TI Prevaccination Rotavirus Serum IgG and IgA Are Associated With Lower Immunogenicity of Live, Oral Human Rotavirus Vaccine in South African Infants SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE rotavirus; Rotarix; breast milk; transplacental antibody ID BREAST-MILK; ANTIBODIES; EFFICACY; MOTHERS; SAFETY; RESPONSES; DISEASE AB Background. Live oral rotavirus (RV) vaccines have shown modest efficacy among children in African countries for reasons that are not completely understood. We examined the possible inhibitory effect of preexisting antirotavirus antibodies on immunogenicity of monovalent RV vaccine (RV1). Methods. Mother-infant pairs were enrolled at presentation for their routine immunization visit in Soweto, South Africa, when infants were aged 5-8 weeks. Infant serum samples were obtained before the first and second doses of RV1 and 1 month after the second dose. Maternal serum and breast milk samples were obtained prior to administration of each dose of RV1 to infants. RV-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgA, and neutralizing activity in sera of infants and serum or breast milk samples of mothers were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays or a microneutralization test. Results. Of the 107 serum pairs from infants who were seronegative for RV IgA at enrollment, we observed a strong positive association between IgG titers in pre-dose 1 sera of infants and mothers and significant negative associations between IgG titers in pre-dose 1 sera of infants and seroconversion to RV1 post-dose 1. Similarly, mothers whose infants' IgA seroconverted after RV1 had significantly lower pre-dose 1 IgG titers in sera than those whose infants did not seroconvert. Conclusions. High levels of preexisting serum IgG, including transplacentally acquired maternal IgG, appeared to have an inhibitory effect on the immunogenicity of RV1 among infants and may, in part, contribute to lower efficacy of RV vaccines in this and other low-income settings. C1 [Moon, Sung-Sil; Velasquez, Daniel E.; Parashar, Umesh D.; Jiang, Baoming] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Groome, Michelle J.; Jones, Stephanie; Koen, Antoinette; van Niekerk, Nadia; Madhi, Shabir A.] Univ Witwatersrand, Natl Res Fdn Vaccine Preventable Dis, Dept Sci & Technol, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Groome, Michelle J.; Jones, Stephanie; Koen, Antoinette; van Niekerk, Nadia; Madhi, Shabir A.] Univ Witwatersrand, Resp & Meningeal Pathogens Res Unit, MRC, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Madhi, Shabir A.] Ctr Vaccines & Immunol, Natl Hlth Lab Serv, Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Johannesburg, South Africa. RP Jiang, BM (reprint author), Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, MS G04,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM bxj4@cdc.gov FU South African Medical Research Council (Respiratory and Meningeal Pathogens Research Unit); Department of Science and Technology/National Research Foundation South African Research Chair Initiative on Vaccine Preventable Diseases; CDC FX The clinical aspect of this study was funded through core funding from the South African Medical Research Council (Respiratory and Meningeal Pathogens Research Unit) and Department of Science and Technology/National Research Foundation South African Research Chair Initiative on Vaccine Preventable Diseases. The funders had no role in the conduct of the study or in the write-up of the manuscript. The immunology work was funded by the CDC. NR 28 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JAN 15 PY 2016 VL 62 IS 2 BP 157 EP 165 DI 10.1093/cid/civ828 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DB6JW UT WOS:000368622300009 PM 26400993 ER PT J AU Sotir, MJ Esposito, DH Barnett, ED Leder, K Kozarsky, PE Lim, PL Gkrania-Klotsas, E Hamer, DH Kuhn, S Connor, BA Pradhan, R Caumes, E AF Sotir, Mark J. Esposito, Douglas H. Barnett, Elizabeth D. Leder, Karin Kozarsky, Phyllis E. Lim, Poh L. Gkrania-Klotsas, Effrossyni Hamer, Davidson H. Kuhn, Susan Connor, Bradley A. Pradhan, Rashila Caumes, Eric CA GeoSentinel Surveillance Network TI Measles in the 21st Century, a Continuing Preventable Risk to Travelers: Data From the GeoSentinel Global Network SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material DE measles; infection; travelers; GeoSentinel; surveillance ID OUTBREAK; JANUARY AB Measles remains a risk for travelers, with 94 measles diagnoses reported to the GeoSentinel network from 2000 to 2014, two-thirds since 2010. Asia was the most common exposure region, then Africa and Europe. Efforts to reduce travel-associated measles should target all vaccine-eligible travelers, including catch-up vaccination of susceptible adults. C1 [Sotir, Mark J.; Esposito, Douglas H.; Kozarsky, Phyllis E.] Emory Univ, Travelers Hlth Branch, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Kozarsky, Phyllis E.] Emory Univ, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Barnett, Elizabeth D.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Maxwell Finland Lab Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Hamer, Davidson H.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston Med Ctr, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Hamer, Davidson H.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Global Hlth & Dev, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Hamer, Davidson H.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Global Hlth, Infect Dis Sect, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Connor, Bradley A.] Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Leder, Karin] Monash Univ, Doherty Inst Infect & Immun, Royal Melbourne Hosp, Victorian Infect Dis Serv, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Leder, Karin] Monash Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Prevent Med, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Lim, Poh L.] Tan Tock Seng Hosp, Inst Infect Dis & Epidemiol, Dept Infect Dis, Singapore, Singapore. [Lim, Poh L.] Lee Kong Chian Sch Med, Singapore, Singapore. [Gkrania-Klotsas, Effrossyni] Univ Cambridge, Sch Clin, Dept Infect Dis, Cambridge CB2 1TN, England. [Gkrania-Klotsas, Effrossyni] Univ Cambridge, MRC, Epidemiol Unit, Cambridge CB2 1TN, England. [Kuhn, Susan] Univ Calgary, Alberta Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. [Pradhan, Rashila] CIWEC Clin Travel Med Ctr & Hosp, Kathmandu, Nepal. [Caumes, Eric] Univ Paris 06, Hop Pitie Salpetriere, Dept Infect & Trop Dis, Paris, France. RP Sotir, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Surveillance & Epidemiol Team, Travelers Hlth Branch, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-03, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM msotir@cdc.gov OI Gkrania-Klotsas, Effrossyni/0000-0002-0930-8330 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999]; PHS HHS [U50/CCU412347] NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JAN 15 PY 2016 VL 62 IS 2 BP 210 EP 212 DI 10.1093/cid/civ839 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DB6JW UT WOS:000368622300017 PM 26400996 ER PT J AU Shah, NS Yuen, CM Heo, M Tolman, AW Becerra, MC AF Shah, N. Sarita Yuen, Courtney M. Heo, Moonseong Tolman, Arielle W. Becerra, Mercedes C. TI Drug-resistant Tuberculosis and the Prevention of Ongoing Transmission Reply SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 [Shah, N. Sarita] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV & AIDS, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Yuen, Courtney M.; Becerra, Mercedes C.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Global Hlth Equ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Yuen, Courtney M.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Global Hlth & Social Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Heo, Moonseong] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Epidemiol & Populat Hlth, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Tolman, Arielle W.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Sociol, Evanston, IL USA. [Becerra, Mercedes C.] Partners Hlth, Boston, MA USA. RP Shah, NS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-04, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM bwg2@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JAN 15 PY 2016 VL 62 IS 2 BP 267 EP U155 DI 10.1093/cid/civ834 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DB6JW UT WOS:000368622300031 PM 26400992 ER PT J AU Kvac, M Havrdova, N Hlaskova, L Dankova, T Kandera, J Jezkova, J Vitovec, J Sak, B Ortega, Y Xiao, LH Modry, D Chelladurai, JRJJ Prantlova, V McEvoy, J AF Kvac, Martin Havrdova, Nikola Hlaskova, Lenka Dankova, Tereza Kandera, Jiri Jezkova, Jana Vitovec, Jiri Sak, Bohumil Ortega, Ynes Xiao, Lihua Modry, David Chelladurai, Jeba Rose Jennifer Jesudoss Prantlova, Veronika McEvoy, John TI Cryptosporidium proliferans n. sp (Apicomplexa: Cryptosporidiidae): Molecular and Biological Evidence of Cryptic Species within Gastric Cryptosporidium of Mammals SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID JAPANESE FIELD MICE; GENETIC DIVERSITY; CAPTIVE REPTILES; MURIS INFECTION; MUS-MUSCULUS; ABOMASAL CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; GIARDIA-DUODENALIS; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; LABORATORY-ANIMALS AB The morphological, biological, and molecular characteristics of Cryptosporidium muris strain TS03 are described, and the species name Cryptosporidium proliferans n. sp. is proposed. Cryptosporidium proliferans obtained from a naturally infected East African mole rat (Tachyoryctes splendens) in Kenya was propagated under laboratory conditions in rodents (SCID mice and southern multimammate mice, Mastomys coucha) and used in experiments to examine oocyst morphology and transmission. DNA from the propagated C. proliferans isolate, and C. proliferans DNA isolated from the feces of an African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) in Central African Republic, a donkey (Equus africanus) in Algeria, and a domestic horse (Equus caballus) in the Czech Republic were used for phylogenetic analyses. Oocysts of C. proliferans are morphologically distinguishable from C. parvum and C. muris HZ206, measuring 6.8-8.8 (mean = 7.7 mu m) x 4.8-6.2 mu m (mean = 5.3) with a length to width ratio of 1.48 (n = 100). Experimental studies using an isolate originated from T. splendens have shown that the course of C. proliferans infection in rodent hosts differs from that of C. muris and C. andersoni. The prepatent period of 18-21 days post infection (DPI) for C. proliferans in southern multimammate mice (Mastomys coucha) was similar to that of C. andersoni and longer than the 6-8 DPI prepatent period for C. muris RN66 and HZ206 in the same host. Histopatologicaly, stomach glands of southern multimammate mice infected with C. proliferans were markedly dilated and filled with necrotic material, mucus, and numerous Cryptosporidium developmental stages. Epithelial cells of infected glands were atrophic, exhibited cuboidal or squamous metaplasia, and significantly proliferated into the lumen of the stomach, forming papillary structures. The epithelial height and stomach weight were six-fold greater than in non-infected controls. Phylogenetic analyses based on small subunit rRNA, Cryptosporidium oocyst wall protein, thrombospondin-related adhesive protein of Cryptosporidium-1, heat shock protein 70, actin, heat shock protein 90 (MS2), MS1, MS3, and M16 gene sequences revealed that C. proliferans is genetically distinct from C. muris and other previously described Cryptosporidium species. C1 [Kvac, Martin; Hlaskova, Lenka; Sak, Bohumil; Modry, David; Prantlova, Veronika] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Parasitol, Ctr Biol, Branisovska 31, CR-37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic. [Kvac, Martin; Havrdova, Nikola; Vitovec, Jiri; Prantlova, Veronika] Univ South Bohemia, Fac Agr, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic. [Dankova, Tereza; Kandera, Jiri] Grammar Sch, Vimperk, Czech Republic. [Dankova, Tereza; Kandera, Jiri] High Sch Econ, Vimperk, Czech Republic. [Jezkova, Jana] Univ South Bohemia, Fac Sci, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic. [Ortega, Ynes] Univ Georgia, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Ctr Food Safety, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Modry, David] Univ Vet & Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Pathol & Parasitol, Brno, Czech Republic. [Modry, David] CEITEC VFU, Brno, Czech Republic. [Chelladurai, Jeba Rose Jennifer Jesudoss; McEvoy, John] N Dakota State Univ, Vet & Microbiol Sci Dept, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Kvac, M (reprint author), Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Parasitol, Ctr Biol, Branisovska 31, CR-37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.; Kvac, M (reprint author), Univ South Bohemia, Fac Agr, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic. EM kvac@paru.cas.cz RI Kvac, Martin/G-7299-2014; Modry, David/G-7815-2014; Sak, Bohumil/G-9262-2014; Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013; OI Kvac, Martin/0000-0003-0013-6090; Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727; Jesudoss Chelladurai, Jeba/0000-0003-3077-0201 FU Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic [LH11061]; Czech Science Foundation [15-01090S]; Grant Agency of University of South Bohemia [011/2013/Z]; NIH [1R15AI067284-01A1]; CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology from European Regional Development Fund [CZ.1.05/1.100/02.0068] FX This work was supported by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic (LH11061, to MK); the Czech Science Foundation (15-01090S, to MK); the Grant Agency of University of South Bohemia (011/2013/Z, to MK); the NIH (1R15AI067284-01A1, to JM); and CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology (CZ.1.05/1.100/02.0068) from European Regional Development Fund (to DM). NR 96 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 14 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JAN 15 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 1 AR e0147090 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0147090 PG 24 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DB6ME UT WOS:000368628300062 PM 26771460 ER PT J AU Compton, WM Jones, CM Baldwin, GT AF Compton, Wilson M. Jones, Christopher M. Baldwin, Grant T. TI Relationship between Nonmedical Prescription-Opioid Use and Heroin Use SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID NEW-YORK-CITY; INJECTION-DRUG USERS; UNITED-STATES; OVERDOSE DEATHS; RISK BEHAVIORS; YOUNG-ADULTS; ABUSE; EPIDEMIC; MISUSE; DEPENDENCE C1 [Compton, Wilson M.] NIDA, NIH, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Jones, Christopher M.] US FDA, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Baldwin, Grant T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Compton, WM (reprint author), NIDA, NIH, 6001 Execut Blvd,MSC 9581, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM wcompton@nida.nih.gov NR 65 TC 74 Z9 74 U1 9 U2 38 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 EI 1533-4406 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JAN 14 PY 2016 VL 374 IS 2 BP 154 EP 163 DI 10.1056/NEJMra1508490 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DA7PQ UT WOS:000367996700010 PM 26760086 ER PT J AU Camus, A Dill, J McDermott, A Camus, M Ng, TFF AF Camus, Alvin Dill, Jennifer McDermott, Alexa Camus, Melinda Ng, Terry Fei Fan TI Virus-associated papillomatous skin lesions in a giant guitarfish Rhynchobatus djiddensis: a case report SO DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS LA English DT Article DE Virus; Skin lesion; Histopathology; Giant guitarfish ID ACIPENSER-TRANSMONTANUS; WHITE STURGEON; FISH; ADENOVIRUSES; DISEASE; BLOOD AB Although elasmobranch species are increasingly displayed in public aquaria, knowledge of disease in wild and captive elasmobranchs, as well as the agents involved, remains limited, and descriptions are often incomplete. This report describes papillomatous skin lesions in a juvenile giant guitarfish Rhynchobatus djiddensis associated with intranuclear viral particles. Skin biopsies were collected from multiple, friable, raised, villonodular skin lesions affecting pigmented and non-pigmented skin of the caudal fin and ventrum, respectively. Microscopic examination revealed papillary proliferation of the epidermis, with widespread marked karyomegaly of squamous epithelial cells. In approximately 75% of nuclei, chromatin was marginated by one to multiple, large, amphophilic inclusions. Large numbers of unencapsulated, 75 nm, icosahedral viral particles were observed to form large arrays in affected nuclei using transmission electron microscopy. Based on intranuclear location, particle size and morphology, a consensus nested-PCR for adenovirus polymerase was attempted. However, no adenoviral gene sequence was amplified. The nature of the involved virus remains unknown and an ongoing area of investigation. Lesions regressed completely over a 6 mo period, during which time the animal showed no signs of systemic illness, and there has been no recrudescence for 6 mo following resolution. Two cohorts of similar age and in close contact with the case animal were unaffected. C1 [Camus, Alvin; Dill, Jennifer; Camus, Melinda; Ng, Terry Fei Fan] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [McDermott, Alexa] Georgia Aquarium Inc, Dept Vet Serv, 225 Baker St NW, Atlanta, GA 30313 USA. [Ng, Terry Fei Fan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Camus, A (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM camus@uga.edu NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0177-5103 EI 1616-1580 J9 DIS AQUAT ORGAN JI Dis. Aquat. Org. PD JAN 13 PY 2016 VL 117 IS 3 BP 253 EP 258 DI 10.3354/dao02956 PG 6 WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences GA DC3BC UT WOS:000369093200010 PM 26758659 ER PT J AU Mychaleckyj, JC Haque, R Carmolli, M Zhang, D Colgate, ER Nayak, U Taniuchi, M Dickson, D Weldon, WC Oberste, MS Zaman, K Houpt, ER Alam, M Kirkpatrick, BD Petri, WA AF Mychaleckyj, Josyf C. Haque, Rashidul Carmolli, Marya Zhang, Dadong Colgate, E. Ross Nayak, Uma Taniuchi, Mami Dickson, Dorothy Weldon, William C. Oberste, M. Steven Zaman, K. Houpt, Eric R. Alam, Masud Kirkpatrick, Beth D. Petri, William A., Jr. TI Effect of substituting IPV for tOPV on immunity to poliovirus in Bangladeshi infants: An open-label randomized controlled trial SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Inactivated poliovirus vaccine; Oral poliovirus vaccine; Shedding; Serum neutralizing antibody; Intestinal immunity; Poliomyelitis ID REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-PCR; MUCOSAL IMMUNITY; INTESTINAL IMMUNITY; VACCINE; INDIA; CHILDREN; IMMUNOGENICITY; MONOVALENT; ROTAVIRUS; SCHEDULES AB Background: The Polio Endgame strategy includes phased withdrawal of oral poliovirus vaccines (OPV) coordinated with introduction of inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) to ensure population immunity. The impact of IPV introduction into a primary OPV series of immunizations in a developing country is uncertain. Methods: Between May 2011 and November 2012, we enrolled 700 Bangladeshi infant-mother dyads from Dhaka slums into an open-label randomized controlled trial to test whether substituting an injected IPV dose for the standard Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) fourth tOPV dose at infant age 39 weeks would reduce fecal shedding and enhance systemic immunity. The primary endpoint was mucosal immunity to poliovirus at age one year, measured by fecal excretion of any Sabin virus at five time points up to 25 days post-52 week tOPV challenge, analyzed by the intention to treat principle. Findings: We randomized 350 families to the tOPV and IPV vaccination arms. Neither study arm resulted in superior intestinal protection at 52 weeks measured by the prevalence of infants shedding any of three poliovirus serotypes, but the IPV dose induced significantly higher seroprevalence and seroconversion rates. This result was identical for poliovirus detection by cell culture or RT-qPCR. The non-significant estimated culture-based shedding risk difference was -3% favoring IPV, and the two vaccination schedules were inferred to be equivalent within a 95% confidence margin of -10% to +4%. Results for shedding analyses stratified by poliovirus type were similar. Conclusions: Neither of the vaccination regimens is superior to the other in enhancing intestinal immunity as measured by poliovirus shedding at 52 weeks of age and the IPV regimen provides similar intestinal immunity to the four tOPV series, although the IPV regimen strongly enhances humoral immunity. The IPV-modified regimen may be considered for vaccination programs without loss of intestinal protection. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Mychaleckyj, Josyf C.] Univ Virginia, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. [Mychaleckyj, Josyf C.; Zhang, Dadong; Nayak, Uma] Univ Virginia, Ctr Publ Hlth Genom, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. [Haque, Rashidul; Zaman, K.; Alam, Masud] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Ctr Vaccine Sci, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh. [Carmolli, Marya; Colgate, E. Ross; Dickson, Dorothy] Univ Vermont, Coll Med, Vaccine Testing Ctr, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Taniuchi, Mami; Houpt, Eric R.; Petri, William A., Jr.] Univ Virginia, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis & Int Hlth, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. [Weldon, William C.; Oberste, M. Steven] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kirkpatrick, Beth D.] Univ Vermont, Coll Med, Dept Med, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. RP Petri, WA (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis & Int Hlth, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. EM wap3g@virginia.edu FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation FX We thank all of the PROVIDE Study families for their participation and their continued support for the study. We acknowledge the entire study staff in Bangladesh; Dr. R. Bradley Sack, Johns Hopkins University, Independent Medical Monitor; the laboratory staff of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Deborah Moore, Yiting Zhang, Sharla McDonald, Larin McDuffie, William Hendley, Patricia Mitchell, and Mario Nicholas; and the members of the PROVIDE Poliovirus External Advisory Board, Drs. Walter Orenstein, Mark Pallansch, and Roland Sutter. This study was funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JAN 12 PY 2016 VL 34 IS 3 BP 358 EP 366 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.11.046 PG 9 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA DB8FE UT WOS:000368751800011 PM 26643930 ER PT J AU Gautam, R Mijatovic-Rustempasic, S Esona, MD Tam, KI Quaye, O Bowen, MD AF Gautam, Rashi Mijatovic-Rustempasic, Slavica Esona, Mathew D. Tam, Ka Ian Quaye, Osbourne Bowen, Michael D. TI One-step multiplex real-time RT-PCR assay for detecting and genotyping wild-type group A rotavirus strains and vaccine strains (Rotarix (R) and RotaTeq (R)) in stool samples SO PEERJ LA English DT Article DE Gastroenteritis; Rotavirus genotyping; Multiplex qRT-PCR; Rotarix (R); RotaTeq (R) ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-PCR; REASSORTANT ROTAVIRUS; SENSITIVE DETECTION; NUCLEIC-ACID; GASTROENTERITIS; CHILDREN; TRANSMISSION; INFANTS; IDENTIFICATION AB Background. Group A rotavirus (RVA) infection is the major cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in young children worldwide. Introduction of two live-attenuated rotavirus vaccines, RotaTeq (R) and Rotarix (R), has dramatically reduced RVA associated AGE and mortality in developed as well as in many developing countries. High-throughput methods are needed to genotype rotavirus wild-type strains and to identify vaccine strains in stool samples. Quantitative RT-PCR assays (qRT-PCR) offer several advantages including increased sensitivity, higher throughput, and faster turnaround time. Methods. In this study, a one-step multiplex qRT-PCR assay was developed to detect and genotype wild-type strains and vaccine (Rotarix (R) and RotaTeq (R)) rotavirus strains along with an internal processing control (Xeno or MS2 RNA). Real-time RT-PCR assays were designed for VP7 (G1, G2, G3, G4, G9, G12) and VP4 (P[4], P[6] and P[8]) genotypes. The multiplex qRT-PCR assay also included previously published NSP3 qRT-PCR for rotavirus detection and Rotarix (R) NSP2 and RotaTeq (R) VP6 qRT-PCRs for detection of Rotarix (R) and RotaTeq (R) vaccine strains respectively. The multiplex qRT-PCR assay was validated using 853 sequence confirmed stool samples and 24 lab cultured strains of different rotavirus genotypes. By using thermostable rTth polymerase enzyme, dsRNA denaturation, reverse transcription (RT) and amplification (PCR) steps were performed in single tube by uninterrupted thermocycling profile to reduce chances of sample cross contamination and for rapid generation of results. For quantification, standard curves were generated using dsRNA transcripts derived from RVA gene segments. Results. The VP7 qRT-PCRs exhibited 98.8-100% sensitivity, 99.7-100% specificity, 85-95% efficiency and a limit of detection of 4-60 copies per singleplex reaction. The VP7 qRT-PCRs exhibited 81-92% efficiency and limit of detection of 150-600 copies in multiplex reactions. The VP4 qRT-PCRs exhibited 98.8-100% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 86-89% efficiency and a limit of detection of 12-400 copies per singleplex reactions. The VP4 qRT-PCRs exhibited 82-90% efficiency and limit of detection of 120-4000 copies in multiplex reaction. Discussion. The one-step multiplex qRT-PCR assay will facilitate high-throughput rotavirus genotype characterization for monitoring circulating rotavirus wild-typestrains causing rotavirus infections, determining the frequency of Rotarix (R) and RotaTeq (R) vaccine strains and vaccine-derived reassortants associated with AGE, and help to identify novel rotavirus strains derived by reassortment between vaccine and wild-type strains. C1 [Gautam, Rashi; Mijatovic-Rustempasic, Slavica; Esona, Mathew D.; Tam, Ka Ian; Quaye, Osbourne; Bowen, Michael D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Gastroenteritis & Resp Viruses Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gautam, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Gastroenteritis & Resp Viruses Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. EM IJS0@cdc.gov NR 53 TC 1 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU PEERJ INC PI LONDON PA 341-345 OLD ST, THIRD FLR, LONDON, EC1V 9LL, ENGLAND SN 2167-8359 J9 PEERJ JI PeerJ PD JAN 11 PY 2016 VL 4 DI 10.7717/peerj.1560 PG 30 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DA8OZ UT WOS:000368066100006 PM 26839745 ER PT J AU Batra, J Tripathi, S Kumar, A Katz, JM Cox, NJ Lal, RB Sambhara, S Lal, SK AF Batra, Jyoti Tripathi, Shashank Kumar, Amrita Katz, Jacqueline M. Cox, Nancy J. Lal, Renu B. Sambhara, Suryaprakash Lal, Sunil K. TI Human Heat shock protein 40 (Hsp40/DnaJB1) promotes influenza A virus replication by assisting nuclear import of viral ribonucleoproteins SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID RNA-POLYMERASE; LOCALIZATION SIGNAL; ANTICANCER STRATEGY; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; NUCLEOPROTEIN; BINDING; EXPORT; IDENTIFICATION; HSP70; TRANSPORT AB A unique feature of influenza A virus (IAV) life cycle is replication of the viral genome in the host cell nucleus. The nuclear import of IAV genome is an indispensable step in establishing virus infection. IAV nucleoprotein (NP) is known to mediate the nuclear import of viral genome via its nuclear localization signals. Here, we demonstrate that cellular heat shock protein 40 (Hsp40/DnaJB1) facilitates the nuclear import of incoming IAV viral ribonucleoproteins (vRNPs) and is important for efficient IAV replication. Hsp40 was found to interact with NP component of IAV RNPs during early stages of infection. This interaction is mediated by the J domain of Hsp40 and N-terminal region of NP. Drug or RNAi mediated inhibition of Hsp40 resulted in reduced nuclear import of IAV RNPs, diminished viral polymerase function and attenuates overall viral replication. Hsp40 was also found to be required for efficient association between NP and importin alpha, which is crucial for IAV RNP nuclear translocation. These studies demonstrate an important role for cellular chaperone Hsp40/DnaJB1 in influenza A virus life cycle by assisting nuclear trafficking of viral ribonucleoproteins. C1 [Batra, Jyoti; Lal, Sunil K.] Monash Univ, Sch Sci, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia. [Batra, Jyoti; Tripathi, Shashank; Lal, Sunil K.] Int Ctr Genet Engn & Biotechnol, Virol Grp, New Delhi 110067, India. [Kumar, Amrita; Katz, Jacqueline M.; Cox, Nancy J.; Lal, Renu B.; Sambhara, Suryaprakash] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lal, SK (reprint author), Monash Univ, Sch Sci, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia. EM sunil.lal@monash.edu FU Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Govt. of India; Centers for Disease Control (CDC), Atlanta, USA; ICGEB; Monash University, Malaysia FX This work was supported by grants from Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Govt. of India, Centers for Disease Control (CDC), Atlanta, USA and internal funds from ICGEB and Monash University, Malaysia. The authors wish to thank Dr. Ruben O. Donis, (Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, CDC) for providing the influenza A virus polymerase complex reporter system plasmids. We thank Prof. Ishwar Parhar and Dr. Satoshi Ogawa (BRIMS, Monash University, Malaysia) for their help with the FISH experiment and confocal facility. NR 65 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 5 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD JAN 11 PY 2016 VL 6 AR 19063 DI 10.1038/srep19063 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DA9LJ UT WOS:000368130000001 PM 26750153 ER PT J AU Jackson, SL King, SMC Zhao, LX Cogswell, ME AF Jackson, Sandra L. King, Sallyann M. Coleman Zhao, Lixia Cogswell, Mary E. TI Prevalence of Excess Sodium Intake in the United States - NHANES, 2009-2012 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Jackson, Sandra L.] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Jackson, Sandra L.; King, Sallyann M. Coleman; Zhao, Lixia; Cogswell, Mary E.] CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Zhao, Lixia] IHRC Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Jackson, SL (reprint author), CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.; Jackson, SL (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM SLJackson@cdc.gov OI Jackson, Sandra/0000-0003-4810-0572 NR 10 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 8 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JAN 8 PY 2016 VL 64 IS 52 BP 1393 EP 1397 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DD0UX UT WOS:000369636700001 PM 26741238 ER PT J AU Singh, T Marynak, K Arrazola, RA Cox, S Rolle, IV King, BA AF Singh, Tushar Marynak, Kristy Arrazola, Rene A. Cox, Shanna Rolle, Italia V. King, Brian A. TI Vital Signs: Exposure to Electronic Cigarette Advertising Among Middle School and High School Students - United States, 2014 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article AB Introduction: Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use has increased considerably among U.S. youths since 2011. Tobacco use among youths in any form, including e-cigarettes, is unsafe. Tobacco product advertising can persuade youths to start using tobacco. CDC analyzed data from the 2014 National Youth Tobacco Survey to estimate the prevalence of e-cigarette advertisement exposure among U.S. middle school and high school students. Methods: The 2014 National Youth Tobacco Survey, a school-based survey of middle school and high school students in grades 6-12, included 22,007 participants. Exposure to e-cigarette advertisements (categorized as "sometimes," "most of the time," or "always") was assessed for four sources: retail stores, Internet, TV and movies, and newspapers and magazines. Weighted exposure estimates were assessed overall and by school type, sex, race/ethnicity, and grade. Results: In 2014, 68.9% of middle and high school students (18.3 million) were exposed to e-cigarette advertisements from at least one source. Among middle school students, exposure was highest for retail stores (52.8%), followed by Internet (35.8%), TV and movies (34.1%), and newspapers and magazines (25.0%). Among high school students, exposure was highest for retail stores (56.3%), followed by Internet (42.9%), TV and movies (38.4%), and newspapers and magazines (34.6%). Among middle school students, 23.4% reported exposure to e-cigarette advertising from one source, 17.4% from two sources, 13.7% from three sources, and 11.9% from four sources. Among high school students, 21.1% reported exposure to e-cigarette advertising from one source, 17.0% from two sources, 14.5% from three sources, and 18.2% from four sources. Conclusions and Implications for Public Health Practice: Approximately seven in 10 U.S. middle and high school students were exposed to e-cigarette advertisements in 2014. Exposure to e-cigarette advertisements might contribute to increased use of e-cigarettes among youths. Multiple approaches are warranted to reduce youth e-cigarette use and exposure to e-cigarette advertisements, including efforts to reduce youth access to settings where tobacco products, such as e-cigarettes, are sold, and regulation of youth-oriented e-cigarette marketing. C1 [Singh, Tushar; Marynak, Kristy; Arrazola, Rene A.; Cox, Shanna; Rolle, Italia V.; King, Brian A.] CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Singh, Tushar] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Singh, T (reprint author), CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.; Singh, T (reprint author), CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM TSingh@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 13 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JAN 8 PY 2016 VL 64 IS 52 BP 1403 EP 1408 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DD0UX UT WOS:000369636700003 PM 26741522 ER PT J AU Grajeda, LM Ivanescu, A Saito, M Crainiceanu, C Jaganath, D Gilman, RH Crabtree, JE Kelleher, D Cabrera, L Cama, V Checkley, W AF Grajeda, Laura M. Ivanescu, Andrada Saito, Mayuko Crainiceanu, Ciprian Jaganath, Devan Gilman, Robert H. Crabtree, Jean E. Kelleher, Dermott Cabrera, Lilia Cama, Vitaliano Checkley, William TI Modelling subject-specific childhood growth using linear mixed-effect models with cubic regression splines SO EMERGING THEMES IN EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Longitudinal studies; Body Height; Child development; Growth; Linear Models ID LONGITUDINAL DATA; PERUVIAN CHILDREN; INFECTION; WEIGHT; CURVES; COHORT AB Background: Childhood growth is a cornerstone of pediatric research. Statistical models need to consider individual trajectories to adequately describe growth outcomes. Specifically, well-defined longitudinal models are essential to characterize both population and subject-specific growth. Linear mixed-effect models with cubic regression splines can account for the nonlinearity of growth curves and provide reasonable estimators of population and subject-specific growth, velocity and acceleration. Methods: We provide a stepwise approach that builds from simple to complex models, and account for the intrinsic complexity of the data. We start with standard cubic splines regression models and build up to a model that includes subject-specific random intercepts and slopes and residual autocorrelation. We then compared cubic regression splines vis-a-vis linear piecewise splines, and with varying number of knots and positions. Statistical code is provided to ensure reproducibility and improve dissemination of methods. Models are applied to longitudinal height measurements in a cohort of 215 Peruvian children followed from birth until their fourth year of life. Results: Unexplained variability, as measured by the variance of the regression model, was reduced from 7.34 when using ordinary least squares to 0.81 (p < 0.001) when using a linear mixed-effect models with random slopes and a first order continuous autoregressive error term. There was substantial heterogeneity in both the intercept (p < 0.001) and slopes (p < 0.001) of the individual growth trajectories. We also identified important serial correlation within the structure of the data (rho = 0.66; 95 % CI 0.64 to 0.68; p < 0.001), which we modeled with a first order continuous autoregressive error term as evidenced by the variogram of the residuals and by a lack of association among residuals. The final model provides a parametric linear regression equation for both estimation and prediction of population- and individual-level growth in height. We show that cubic regression splines are superior to linear regression splines for the case of a small number of knots in both estimation and prediction with the full linear mixed effect model (AIC 19,352 vs. 19,598, respectively). While the regression parameters are more complex to interpret in the former, we argue that inference for any problem depends more on the estimated curve or differences in curves rather than the coefficients. Moreover, use of cubic regression splines provides biological meaningful growth velocity and acceleration curves despite increased complexity in coefficient interpretation. Conclusions: Through this stepwise approach, we provide a set of tools to model longitudinal childhood data for non-statisticians using linear mixed-effect models. C1 [Grajeda, Laura M.; Saito, Mayuko; Jaganath, Devan; Gilman, Robert H.; Checkley, William] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Int Hlth, Program Global Dis Control & Epidemiol, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Ivanescu, Andrada] Montclair State Univ, Dept Math Sci, Montclair, NJ USA. [Saito, Mayuko; Gilman, Robert H.; Cabrera, Lilia; Checkley, William] Asociac Benef PRISMA, Lima, Peru. [Saito, Mayuko] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Dept Microbiol, Lima, Peru. [Crainiceanu, Ciprian] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Biostat, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Crabtree, Jean E.] St James Univ Hosp, Leeds Inst Mol Med, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England. [Kelleher, Dermott] Univ Dublin Trinity Coll, Sch Med, Dublin 2, Ireland. [Kelleher, Dermott] Dublin Mol Med Ctr, Dublin, Ireland. [Cama, Vitaliano] Ctr Dis Control, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Checkley, William] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care, 1800 Orleans Ave Suite 9121, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Checkley, W (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care, 1800 Orleans Ave Suite 9121, Baltimore, MD USA. EM wcheckl1@jhmi.edu NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1742-7622 J9 EMERG THEMES EPIDEMI JI Emerg. Themes Epidemiol. PD JAN 7 PY 2016 VL 13 AR 1 DI 10.1186/s12982-015-0038-3 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DO9MI UT WOS:000378110300001 PM 26752996 ER PT J AU Bissielo, A Pierse, N Huang, Q Thompson, M Kelly, H Mishin, V Turner, N AF Bissielo, A. Pierse, N. Huang, Q. Thompson, M. Kelly, H. Mishin, V. Turner, N. CA SHIVERS TI Effectiveness of seasonal influenza vaccine in preventing influenza primary care visits and hospitalisation in Auckland, New Zealand in 2015: interim estimates SO EUROSURVEILLANCE LA English DT Article ID CHILDREN; ILLNESS; VIRUS; LIFE AB Preliminary results for influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) against acute respiratory illness with circulating laboratory-confirmed influenza viruses in New Zealand from 27 April to 26 September 2015, using a case test-negative design were 36% (95% confidence interval (CI): 11-54) for general practice encounters and 50% (95% CI: 20-68) for hospitalisations. VE against hospitalised influenza A(H3N2) illnesses was moderate at 53% (95% CI: 6-76) but improved compared with previous seasons. C1 [Bissielo, A.; Huang, Q.] Inst Environm Sci & Res, Wellington, New Zealand. [Pierse, N.] Univ Otago, Wellington, New Zealand. [Thompson, M.; Mishin, V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kelly, H.] Victorian Infect Dis Reference Lab, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Turner, N.] Univ Auckland, Auckland 1, New Zealand. RP Turner, N (reprint author), Univ Auckland, Auckland 1, New Zealand. EM n.turner@auckland.ac.nz FU United States Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [1U01IP000480] FX The SHIVERS (Southern Hemisphere Influenza and Vaccine Effectiveness Research and Surveillance) project is funded by the United States Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (1U01IP000480). NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU EUR CENTRE DIS PREVENTION & CONTROL PI STOCKHOLM PA TOMTEBODAVAGEN 11A, STOCKHOLM, 171 83, SWEDEN SN 1560-7917 J9 EUROSURVEILLANCE JI Eurosurveillance PD JAN 7 PY 2016 VL 21 IS 1 BP 11 EP 15 DI 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.1.30101 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DB4UK UT WOS:000368508900004 ER PT J AU Pinchoff, J Larsen, DA Renn, S Pollard, D Fornadel, C Maire, M Sikaala, C Sinyangwe, C Winters, B Bridges, DJ Winters, AM AF Pinchoff, Jessie Larsen, David A. Renn, Silvia Pollard, Derek Fornadel, Christen Maire, Mark Sikaala, Chadwick Sinyangwe, Chomba Winters, Benjamin Bridges, Daniel J. Winters, Anna M. TI Targeting indoor residual spraying for malaria using epidemiological data: a case study of the Zambia experience SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Indoor residual spraying; Targeted IRS; Focal IRS; GIS; Malaria ID SURVEILLANCE; TRANSMISSION; INTERVENTIONS AB Background: In Zambia and other sub-Saharan African countries affected by ongoing malaria transmission, indoor residual spraying (IRS) for malaria prevention has typically been implemented over large areas, e.g., district-wide, and targeted to peri-urban areas. However, there is a recent shift in some countries, including Zambia, towards the adoption of a more strategic and targeted IRS approach, in coordination with increased emphasis on universal coverage of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) and effective insecticide resistance management. A true targeted approach would deliver IRS to sub-district areas identified as high-risk, with the goal of maximizing the prevention of malaria cases and deaths. Results: Together with the Government of the Republic of Zambia, a new methodology was developed applying geographic information systems and satellite imagery to support a targeted IRS campaign during the 2014 spray season using health management information system data. Discussion/Conclusion: This case study focuses on the developed methodology while also highlighting the significant research gaps which must be filled to guide countries on the most effective strategy for IRS targeting in the context of universal LLIN coverage and evolving insecticide resistance. C1 [Pinchoff, Jessie] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Larsen, David A.; Renn, Silvia; Pollard, Derek; Winters, Benjamin; Bridges, Daniel J.; Winters, Anna M.] Akros, Cresta Golfview Grounds, Lusaka, Zambia. [Larsen, David A.] Syracuse Univ, Dept Publ Hlth Food Studies & Nutr, Syracuse, NY USA. [Fornadel, Christen; Sinyangwe, Chomba] US Presidents Malaria Initiat, Washington, DC USA. [Maire, Mark] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sikaala, Chadwick] Govt Republ Zambia, Minist Hlth, Natl Malaria Control Ctr, Lusaka, Zambia. [Winters, Benjamin; Winters, Anna M.] Univ Montana, Sch Publ & Community Hlth Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. RP Winters, AM (reprint author), Akros, Cresta Golfview Grounds, Great East Rd,Unit 5, Lusaka, Zambia. EM awinters@akros.com RI Larsen, David/D-4027-2016 OI Larsen, David/0000-0002-1876-6536 FU US Agency for International Development (USAID); US President's Malaria Initiative (PMI) [AID-OAA-TO-14-00035] FX Support for the satellite enumeration and targeting process was provided by the US Agency for International Development (USAID) and the US President's Malaria Initiative (PMI) under task order no. AID-OAA-TO-14-00035. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD JAN 6 PY 2016 VL 15 AR 11 DI 10.1186/s12936-015-1073-9 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA DB3FQ UT WOS:000368396100001 PM 26738936 ER PT J AU Green, M Otieno, K Katana, A Slutsker, L Kariuki, S Ouma, P Gonzalez, R Menendez, C ter Kuile, F Desai, M AF Green, Michael Otieno, Kephas Katana, Abraham Slutsker, Laurence Kariuki, Simon Ouma, Peter Gonzalez, Raquel Menendez, Clara ter Kuile, Feiko Desai, Meghna TI Pharmacokinetics of mefloquine and its effect on sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim steady-state blood levels in intermittent preventive treatment (IPTp) of pregnant HIV-infected women in Kenya SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Malaria; Pharmacokinetics; Mefloquine; Sulfamethoxazole; Trimethoprim; Pregnant; HIV ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; SINGLE-DOSE KINETICS; FALCIPARUM-MALARIA; HEALTHY-VOLUNTEERS; CO-TRIMOXAZOLE; THAI PATIENTS; PYRIMETHAMINE; SULFADOXINE; METABOLITE; BURDEN AB Background: Intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy with sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine is contra-indicated in HIV-positive pregnant women receiving sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim prophylaxis. Since mefloquine is being considered as a replacement for sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine in this vulnerable population, an investigation on the pharmacokinetic interactions of mefloquine, sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim in pregnant, HIV-infected women was performed. Methods: A double-blinded, placebo-controlled study was conducted with 124 HIV-infected, pregnant women on a standard regimen of sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim prophylaxis. Seventy-two subjects received three doses of mefloquine (15 mg/kg) at monthly intervals. Dried blood spots were collected from both placebo and mefloquine arms four to 672 h post-administration and on day 7 following a second monthly dose of mefloquine. A novel highperformance liquid chromatographic method was developed to simultaneously measure mefloquine, sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim from each blood spot. Non-compartmental methods using a naive-pooled data approach were used to determine mefloquine pharmacokinetic parameters. Results: Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim prophylaxis did not noticeably influence mefloquine pharmacokinetics relative to reported values. The mefloquine half-life, observed clearance (CL/f), and area-under-the-curve (AUC(0 ->infinity)) were 12.0 days, 0.035 l/h/kg and 431 mu g-h/ml, respectively. Although trimethoprim steady-state levels were not significantly different between arms, sulfamethoxazole levels showed a significant 53 % decrease after mefloquine administration relative to the placebo group and returning to pre-dose levels at 28 days. Conclusions: Although a transient decrease in sulfamethoxazole levels was observed, there was no change in hospital admissions due to secondary bacterial infections, implying that mefloquine may have provided antimicrobial protection. C1 [Green, Michael; Slutsker, Laurence; Desai, Meghna] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Otieno, Kephas; Katana, Abraham; Kariuki, Simon; Ouma, Peter] Ctr Global Hlth Res, Kenya Med Res Inst, Kisumu, Kenya. [Gonzalez, Raquel; Menendez, Clara] Univ Barcelona, Hosp Clin, Barcelona Ctr Int Hlth Res CRESIB, ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain. [ter Kuile, Feiko] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. RP Green, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM MGreen@cdc.gov OI ter Kuile, Feiko/0000-0003-3663-5617 FU Malaria in Pregnancy Consortium FX The work presented in this paper was performed under KEMRI and CDC collaboration in western Kenya. We thank all the women who patiently participated in the study. We also thank the staff, Joab Middii, Mary Omwalo, Denis Omondi, and Arthur Juma Okumu for their assistance. We thank the Director of the Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI) for his support. Funding was provided by the Malaria in Pregnancy Consortium. The findings and conclusions in this article do not necessarily reflect the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the Public Health Service or the US Department of Health and Human Services. NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD JAN 5 PY 2016 VL 15 AR 7 DI 10.1186/s12936-015-1049-9 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA DB3FI UT WOS:000368395200001 PM 26732683 ER PT J AU Gimnig, JE Otieno, P Were, V Marwanga, D Abong'o, D Wiegand, R Williamson, J Wolkon, A Zhou, Y Bayoh, MN Lobo, NF Laserson, K Kariuki, S Hamel, MJ AF Gimnig, John E. Otieno, Peter Were, Vincent Marwanga, Doris Abong'o, Daisy Wiegand, Ryan Williamson, John Wolkon, Adam Zhou, Ying Bayoh, M. Nabie Lobo, Neil F. Laserson, Kayla Kariuki, Simon Hamel, Mary J. TI The Effect of Indoor Residual Spraying on the Prevalence of Malaria Parasite Infection, Clinical Malaria and Anemia in an Area of Perennial Transmission and Moderate Coverage of Insecticide Treated Nets in Western Kenya SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID VECTOR-CONTROL INTERVENTIONS; BED NETS; ANOPHELES-ARABIENSIS; LAMBDA-CYHALOTHRIN; CHILD-MORTALITY; IMPACT; TRIAL; COMBINATION; MORBIDITY; AFRICA AB Background Insecticide treated nets (ITNs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) have been scaled up for malaria prevention in sub-Saharan Africa. However, there are few studies on the benefit of implementing IRS in areas with moderate to high coverage of ITNs. We evaluated the impact of an IRS program on malaria related outcomes in western Kenya, an area of intense perennial malaria transmission and moderate ITN coverage (55-65% use of any net the previous night). Methods The Kenya Division of Malaria Control, with support from the US President's Malaria Initiative, conducted IRS in one lowland endemic district with moderate coverage of ITNs. Surveys were conducted in the IRS district and a neighboring district before IRS, after one round of IRS in July-Sept 2008 and after a second round of IRS in April-May 2009. IRS was conducted with pyrethroid insecticides. At each survey, 30 clusters were selected for sampling and within each cluster, 12 compounds were randomly selected. The primary outcomes measured in all residents of selected compounds included malaria parasitemia, clinical malaria (P. falciparum infection plus history of fever) and anemia (Hb<8) of all residents in randomly selected compounds. At each survey round, individuals from the IRS district were matched to those from the non-IRS district using propensity scores and multivariate logistic regression models were constructed based on the matched dataset. Results At baseline and after one round of IRS, there were no differences between the two districts in the prevalence of malaria parasitemia, clinical malaria or anemia. After two rounds of IRS, the prevalence of malaria parasitemia was 6.4% in the IRS district compared to 16.7% in the comparison district (OR = 0.36, 95% CI = 0.22-0.59, p<0.001). The prevalence of clinical malaria was also lower in the IRS district (1.8% vs. 4.9%, OR = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.20-0.68, p = 0.001). The prevalence of anemia was lower in the IRS district but only in children under 5 years of age (2.8% vs. 9.3%, OR = 0.30, 95% CI = 0.13-0.71, p = 0.006). Multivariate models incorporating both IRS and ITNs indicated that both had an impact on malaria parasitemia and clinical malaria but the independent effect of ITNs was reduced in the district that had received two rounds of IRS. There was no statistically significant independent effect of ITNs on the prevalence of anemia in any age group. Conclusions Both IRS and ITNs are effective tools for reducing malaria burden and when implemented in an area of moderate to high transmission with moderate ITN coverage, there may be an added benefit of IRS. The value of adding ITNs to IRS is less clear as their benefits may be masked by IRS. Additional monitoring of malaria control programs that implement ITNs and IRS concurrently is encouraged to better understand how to maximize the benefits of both interventions, particularly in the context of increasing pyrethroid resistance. C1 [Gimnig, John E.; Wiegand, Ryan; Williamson, John; Wolkon, Adam; Laserson, Kayla; Hamel, Mary J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Otieno, Peter; Were, Vincent; Marwanga, Doris; Abong'o, Daisy; Bayoh, M. Nabie; Kariuki, Simon] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Kisumu, Kenya. [Zhou, Ying; Lobo, Neil F.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Eck Inst Global Hlth, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. RP Gimnig, JE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. EM jgimnig@cdc.gov FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation through the Malaria Transmission Consortium [45114]; United States President's Malaria Initiative FX This study was funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (www.gatesfoundation.org), through the Malaria Transmission Consortium (Grant number 45114). The grant was to the University of Notre Dame with a sub-contract to the Kenya Medical Research Institute. This study was also funded by the United States President's Malaria Initiative (www.pmi.gov). The grant was to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention with a cooperative agreement with the Kenya Medical Research Institute. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 43 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 8 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JAN 5 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 1 AR e0145282 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0145282 PG 29 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DA4VZ UT WOS:000367801400029 PM 26731524 ER PT J AU Cooper, C Fisher, D Gupta, N MaCauley, R Pessoa-Silva, CL AF Cooper, Catherine Fisher, Dale Gupta, Neil MaCauley, Rose Pessoa-Silva, Carmem L. TI Infection prevention and control of the Ebola outbreak in Liberia, 2014-2015: key challenges and successes SO BMC MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material DE Liberia; Ebola; Infection prevention and control; Outbreak response; GOARN ID VIRUS-DISEASE; CARE; FACILITIES; AUGUST AB Prior to the 2014-2015 Ebola outbreak, infection prevention and control (IPC) activities in Liberian healthcare facilities were basic. There was no national IPC guidance, nor dedicated staff at any level of government or healthcare facility (HCF) to ensure the implementation of best practices. Efforts to improve IPC early in the outbreak were ad hoc and messaging was inconsistent. In September 2014, at the height of the outbreak, the national IPC Task Force was established with a Ministry of Health (MoH) mandate to coordinate IPC response activities. A steering group of the Task Force, including representatives of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), supported MoH leadership in implementing standardized messaging and IPC training for the health workforce. This structure, and the activities implemented under this structure, played a crucial role in the implementation of IPC practices and successful containment of the outbreak. Moving forward, a nationwide culture of IPC needs to be maintained through this governance structure in Liberia's health system to prevent and respond to future outbreaks. C1 [Cooper, Catherine] Minist Hlth & Social Welf, Monrovia 1000 10, Liberia. [Fisher, Dale] Natl Univ Singapore Hosp, Univ Med Cluster, Div Infect Dis, Singapore, Singapore. [Fisher, Dale] Natl Univ Singapore, Yong Loo Lin Sch Med, Dept Med, Singapore 117548, Singapore. [Gupta, Neil] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [MaCauley, Rose] John Snow Inc, Boston, MA 02210 USA. [Pessoa-Silva, Carmem L.] WHO, Pandem & Epidem Dept, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Cooper, C (reprint author), Minist Hlth & Social Welf, POB 10-9009, Monrovia 1000 10, Liberia. EM cthomascooper@gmail.com; mdcfda@nus.edu.sg NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 30 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1741-7015 J9 BMC MED JI BMC Med. PD JAN 5 PY 2016 VL 14 AR 2 DI 10.1186/s12916-015-0548-4 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DA0RX UT WOS:000367505900001 PM 26732586 ER PT J AU Peng, H Brimijoin, S Hrabovska, A Krejci, E Blake, TA Johnson, RC Masson, P Lockridge, O AF Peng, Hong Brimijoin, Stephen Hrabovska, Anna Krejci, Eric Blake, Thomas A. Johnson, Rudolph C. Masson, Patrick Lockridge, Oksana TI Monoclonal antibodies to human butyrylcholinesterase reactive with butyrylcholinesterase in animal plasma SO CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article DE Butyrylcholinesterase; Monoclonal antibody; Magnetic beads; Pansorbin; Nondenaturing gel ID RABBIT SERUM; CHOLINESTERASE; ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; CARBOXYLESTERASE; ESTERASE; MICE; QUANTIFICATION; HYDROLYSIS; EXPRESSION; COCAINE AB Five mouse anti-human butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) monoclonal antibodies bind tightly to native human BChE with nanomolar dissociation constants. Pairing analysis in the Octet system identified the monoclonal antibodies that bind to overlapping and independent epitopes on human BChE. The nucleotide and amino acid sequences of 4 monoclonal antibodies are deposited in GenBank. Our goal was to determine which of the 5 monoclonal antibodies recognize BChE in the plasma of animals. Binding of monoclonal antibodies 11D8, B2 18-5, B2 12-1, mAb2 and 3E8 to BChE in animal plasma was measured using antibody immobilized on Pansorbin cells and on Dynabeads Protein G. A third method visualized binding by the shift of BChE activity bands on nondenaturing gels stained for BChE activity. Gels were counterstained for carboxylesterase activity. The three methods agreed that B2 18-5 and mAb2 have broad species specificity, but the other monoclonal antibodies interacted only with human BChE, the exception being 3E8, which also bound chicken BChE. B2 18-5 and mAb2 recognized BChE in human, rhesus monkey, horse, cat, and tiger plasma. A weak response was found with rabbit BChE. Monoclonal mAb2, but not B2 18-5, bound pig and bovine BChE. Gels stained for carboxylesterase activity confirmed that plasma from humans, monkey, pig, chicken, and cow does not contain carboxylesterase, but plasma from horse, cat, tiger, rabbit, guinea pig, mouse, and rat has carboxylesterase. Rabbit plasma carboxylesterase hydrolyzes butyrylthiocholine. In conclusion monoclonal antibodies B2 18-5 and mAb2 can be used to immuno extract BChE from the plasma of humans, monkey and other animals. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Peng, Hong; Masson, Patrick; Lockridge, Oksana] Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Eppley Inst, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. [Brimijoin, Stephen] Mayo Clin, Dept Mol Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. [Hrabovska, Anna] Comenius Univ, Fac Pharm, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Bratislava, Slovakia. [Krejci, Eric] Univ Paris Descartes CNRS SSA COGNAC G UMR 8257, F-75006 Paris, France. [Blake, Thomas A.; Johnson, Rudolph C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Lockridge, O (reprint author), 985950 Nebraska Med Ctr, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. EM hong.peng@unmc.edu; brimijoi@mayo.edu; hrabovska@fpharm.uniba.sk; eric.krejci@parisdescartes.fr; fsi3@cdc.gov; rmj6@cdc.gov; pmasson@unmc.edu; olockrid@unmc.edu RI Masson, Patrick/J-3964-2013; OI Masson, Patrick/0000-0002-7837-3662; Blake, Thomas/0000-0001-8536-9998 FU DLS/NCEH/CDC [200-2012-M-53381, 200-2013-57169]; Minnesota Partnership for Biotechnology and Medical Genomics; grant VEGA [1/0855/15]; Association Francaise contre les Myopathies; Universite Paris Descartes; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response; Defense Threat Reduction Agency [11-005-12430] FX Supported by DLS/NCEH/CDC contracts 200-2012-M-53381 and 200-2013-57169 (to OL), a grant from the Minnesota Partnership for Biotechnology and Medical Genomics (to SB), grant VEGA 1/0855/15 (to AH), Association Francaise contre les Myopathies (to EK and AH), and a Universite Paris Descartes collaborative grant (to EK), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (to TAB and RCJ), Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response (to TAB and RCJ), and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (11-005-12430) (to TAB and RCJ). NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0009-2797 EI 1872-7786 J9 CHEM-BIOL INTERACT JI Chem.-Biol. Interact. PD JAN 5 PY 2016 VL 243 BP 82 EP 90 DI 10.1016/j.cbi.2015.11.011 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA CZ8QP UT WOS:000367364500010 PM 26585590 ER PT J AU Gueye, CS Newby, G Gosling, RD Whittaker, MA Chandramohan, D Slutsker, L Tanner, M AF Gueye, Cara Smith Newby, Gretchen Gosling, Roland D. Whittaker, Maxine A. Chandramohan, Daniel Slutsker, Laurence Tanner, Marcel TI Strategies and approaches to vector control in nine malaria-eliminating countries: a cross-case study analysis SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Malaria; Elimination; Eliminating; Control; Vector; Vector control; Entomology; Surveillance; Indoor residual spraying; Long-lasting insecticidal nets AB Background: There has been progress towards malaria elimination in the last decade. In response, WHO launched the Global Technical Strategy (GTS), in which vector surveillance and control play important roles. Country experiences in the Eliminating Malaria Case Study Series were reviewed to identify success factors on the road to elimination using a cross-case study analytic approach. Methods: Reports were included in the analysis if final English language draft reports or publications were available at the time of analysis (Bhutan, Cape Verde, Malaysia, Mauritius, Namibia, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Turkey, Turkmenistan). A conceptual framework for vector control in malaria elimination was developed, reviewed, formatted as a matrix, and case study data was extracted and entered into the matrix. A workshop was convened during which participants conducted reviews of the case studies and matrices and arrived at a consensus on the evidence and lessons. The framework was revised and a second round of data extraction, synthesis and summary of the case study reports was conducted. Results: Countries implemented a range of vector control interventions. Most countries aligned with integrated vector management, however its impact was not well articulated. All programmes conducted entomological surveillance, but the response (i.e., stratification and targeting of interventions, outbreak forecasting and strategy) was limited or not described. Indoor residual spraying (IRS) was commonly used by countries. There were several examples of severe reductions or halting of IRS coverage and subsequent resurgence of malaria. Funding and operational constraints and poor implementation had roles. Bed nets were commonly used by most programmes; coverage and effectiveness were either not measured or not articulated. Larval control was an important intervention for several countries, preventing re-introduction, however coverage and impact on incidence were not described. Across all interventions, coverage indicators were incomparable, and the rationale for which tools were used and which were not used appeared to be a function of the availability of funding, operational issues and cost instead of evidence of effectiveness to reduce incidence. Conclusions: More work is required to fill gaps in programme guidance, clarify the best methods for choosing and targeting vector control interventions, and support to measure cost, cost-effectiveness and cost-benefit of vector surveillance and control interventions. C1 [Gueye, Cara Smith; Newby, Gretchen; Gosling, Roland D.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Malaria Eliminat Initiat, Global Hlth Grp, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Whittaker, Maxine A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chandramohan, Daniel] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1E 7HT, England. [Slutsker, Laurence] Univ Queensland, Sch Publ Hlth, Herston, Qld, Australia. [Tanner, Marcel] Swiss Trop & Publ Hlth Inst, CH-4051 Basel, Switzerland. [Tanner, Marcel] Univ Basel, Basel, Switzerland. RP Gueye, CS (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Malaria Eliminat Initiat, Global Hlth Grp, 550 16th St,3rd Floor, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM cara.smith@ucsf.edu FU Malaria Elimination Initiative of the Global Health Group at the University of California, San Francisco; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; US Government; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine; University of Queensland; Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (Australia); Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute; local and national Swiss Government FX CSG, GN and RG are supported by the Malaria Elimination Initiative of the Global Health Group at the University of California, San Francisco, and whose funding for this work and publication comes from a grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. LS is supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, which is funded by the US Government. DC is funded by the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. MW is supported by the University of Queensland and the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (Australia) for malaria activities in Solomon Islands and Vanuatu. MT is supported by the Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute and receives funding from the local and national Swiss Government. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 6 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD JAN 4 PY 2016 VL 15 AR 2 DI 10.1186/s12936-015-1054-z PG 14 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA DB3FE UT WOS:000368394800001 ER PT J AU Hariri, S Markowitz, LE Unger, ER AF Hariri, Susan Markowitz, Lauri E. Unger, Elizabeth R. TI Response to Pendleton et al. regarding reduction in HPV 16/18-associated high grade cervical lesions following HPV vaccine introduction in the United States SO VACCINE LA English DT Letter ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS; PREVALENCE; IMPACT C1 [Hariri, Susan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Markowitz, Lauri E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Unger, Elizabeth R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hariri, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE MS G41, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JAN 4 PY 2016 VL 34 IS 2 BP 201 EP 201 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.10.138 PG 1 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA DB0RD UT WOS:000368214300005 PM 26655631 ER PT J AU Oster, AM AF Oster, Alexandra M. TI The evolving contribution of emergency department testing studies: from risk to care SO AIDS LA English DT Editorial Material DE emergency departments; HIV care; HIV prevention; HIV testing ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; HIV; INFECTION C1 [Oster, Alexandra M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Oster, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.; Oster, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM AOster@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0269-9370 EI 1473-5571 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD JAN 2 PY 2016 VL 30 IS 1 BP 151 EP 152 DI 10.1097/QAD.0000000000000883 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA DC6EY UT WOS:000369313800001 PM 26731759 ER PT J AU Napier, MD Poole, C Satten, GA Ashley-Koch, A Marrie, RA Williamson, DM AF Napier, Melanie D. Poole, Charles Satten, Glen A. Ashley-Koch, Allison Marrie, Ruth Ann Williamson, Dhelia M. TI Heavy metals, organic solvents, and multiple sclerosis: An exploratory look at gene-environment interactions SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Autoimmune diseases; case-control; epidemiology; gene-environment interaction; heavy metal exposure; organic solvents; multiple sclerosis ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; RISK-FACTORS; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; ASSOCIATION ANALYSES; DIAGNOSTIC-CRITERIA; NO ASSOCIATION; EXPOSURE; DISEASE; POLYMORPHISMS; METAANALYSIS AB Exposure to heavy metals and organic solvents are potential etiologic factors for multiple sclerosis (MS), but their interaction with MS-associated genes is under-studied. The authors explored the relationship between environmental exposure to lead, mercury, and solvents and 58 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in MS-associated genes. Data from a population-based case-control study of 217 prevalent MS cases and 496 age-, race-, gender-, and geographically matched controls were used to fit conditional logistic regression models of the association between the chemical, gene, and MS, adjusting for education and ancestry. MS cases were more likely than controls to report lead (odds ratio [OR] = 2.03; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07, 3.86) and mercury exposure (OR = 2.06; 95% CI: 1.08, 3.91). Findings of potential gene-environment interactions between SNPs in TNF-alpha, TNF-beta, TCA-beta, VDR, MBP, and APOE, and lead, mercury, or solvents should be considered cautiously due to limited sample size. C1 [Napier, Melanie D.; Poole, Charles] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 2106 McGavran Greenberg Hall,Campus Box 7435, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Satten, Glen A.; Williamson, Dhelia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ashley-Koch, Allison] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Ctr Human Dis Modeling, Durham, NC USA. [Marrie, Ruth Ann] Univ Manitoba, Dept Internal Med, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. [Marrie, Ruth Ann] Univ Manitoba, Dept Community Hlth Sci, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. RP Napier, MD (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 2106 McGavran Greenberg Hall,Campus Box 7435, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM mdnapier@email.unc.edu OI Ashley-Koch, Allison/0000-0001-5409-9155; Marrie, Ruth Ann/0000-0002-1855-5595 FU Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry [200-2003-01396]; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Public Health Agency of Canada; Manitoba Health Research Council; Health Sciences Centre Foundation; Multiple Sclerosis Society of Canada; Multiple Sclerosis Scientific Foundation; Rx & D Health Research Foundation; Sanofi-Aventis FX This study was supported by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (contract no. 200-2003-01396). Disclaimer: The results and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.; Dr. Marrie receives research funding from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Manitoba Health Research Council, Health Sciences Centre Foundation, Multiple Sclerosis Society of Canada, Multiple Sclerosis Scientific Foundation, and Rx & D Health Research Foundation and has conducted clinical trials funded by Sanofi-Aventis. Ms. Napier and Drs. Poole, Satten, Ashley-Koch, and Williamson have no conflicts of interest regarding this paper. NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1933-8244 EI 2154-4700 J9 ARCH ENVIRON OCCUP H JI Arch. Environ. Occup. Health PD JAN 2 PY 2016 VL 71 IS 1 BP 26 EP 34 DI 10.1080/19338244.2014.937381 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DB7UL UT WOS:000368721900005 PM 25137520 ER PT J AU Andrews, RN Feng, HA Ashley, K AF Andrews, Ronnee N. Feng, H. Amy Ashley, Kevin TI Interlaboratory evaluation of cellulosic acid-soluble internal air sampling capsules for multi-element analysis SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE Aerosol sampling; elemental analysis; internal capsule; occupational hygiene ID WORKPLACE AIR; CASSETTE AB An interlaboratory study was carried out to evaluate the use of acid-soluble cellulosic air sampling capsules for their suitability in the measurement of trace elements in workplace atmospheric samples. These capsules are used as inserts to perform closed-face cassette sample collection for occupational exposure monitoring. The interlaboratory study was performed in accordance with NIOSH guidelines that describe statistical procedures for evaluating measurement accuracy of air monitoring methods. The performance evaluation materials used consisted of cellulose acetate capsules melded to mixed-cellulose ester filters that were dosed with multiple elements from commercial standard aqueous solutions. The cellulosic capsules were spiked with the following 33 elements of interest in workplace air monitoring: Ag, Al, As, Ba, Be, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, In, K, La, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, P, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn, Sr, Te, Ti, Tl, V, W, Y, Zn, Zr. The elemental loading levels were certified by an accredited provider of certified reference materials. Triplicates of media blanks and multielement-spiked capsules at three different elemental loadings were sent to each participating laboratory; the elemental loading levels were not revealed to the laboratories. The volunteer participating laboratories were asked to prepare the samples by acid dissolution and to analyze aliquots of extracted samples by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry in accordance with NIOSH methods. It was requested that the study participants report their analytical results in units of g of each target element per internal capsule sample. For the majority of the elements investigated (30 out of 33), the study accuracy estimates obtained satisfied the NIOSH accuracy criterion (A < 25%). This investigation demonstrates the utility of acid-soluble internal sampling capsules for multielement analysis by atomic spectrometry. C1 [Andrews, Ronnee N.; Feng, H. Amy; Ashley, Kevin] NIOSH, US Dept HHS, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Ashley, K (reprint author), NIOSH, CDC, 1090 Tusculum Ave,Mail Stop R-7, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM KAshley@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 EI 1545-9632 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PD JAN 2 PY 2016 VL 13 IS 1 BP 40 EP 47 DI 10.1080/15459624.2015.1072635 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DA1YS UT WOS:000367592700005 PM 26308974 ER PT J AU Su, WC Ku, BK Kulkarni, P Cheng, YS AF Su, Wei-Chung Ku, Bon Ki Kulkarni, Pramod Cheng, Yung Sung TI Deposition of graphene nanomaterial aerosols in human upper airways SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE Aerosol; deposition efficiency; graphene nanomaterial; human airway ID HUMAN NASAL AIRWAY; HUMAN TRACHEOBRONCHIAL AIRWAYS; PARTICLE DEPOSITION; CARBON NANOTUBES; ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; FIBER DEPOSITION; MOBILITY; REPLICA; OXIDE; CAST AB Graphene nanomaterials have attracted wide attention in recent years on their application to state-of-the-art technology due to their outstanding physical properties. On the other hand, the nanotoxicity of graphene materials also has rapidly become a serious concern especially in occupational health. Graphene naomaterials inevitably could become airborne in the workplace during manufacturing processes. The inhalation and subsequent deposition of graphene nanomaterial aerosols in the human respiratory tract could potentially result in adverse health effects to exposed workers. Therefore, investigating the deposition of graphene nanomaterial aerosols in the human airways is an indispensable component of an integral approach to graphene occupational health. For this reason, this study carried out a series of airway replica deposition experiments to obtain original experimental data for graphene aerosol airway deposition. In this study, graphene aerosols were generated, size classified, and delivered into human airway replicas (nasal and oral-to-lung airways). The deposition fraction and deposition efficiency of graphene aerosol in the airway replicas were obtained by a novel experimental approach. The experimental results acquired showed that the fractional deposition of graphene aerosols in airway sections studied were all less than 4%, and the deposition efficiency in each airway section was generally lower than 0.03. These results indicate that the majority of the graphene nanomaterial aerosols inhaled into the human respiratory tract could easily penetrate through the head airways as well as the upper part of the tracheobronchial airways and then transit down to the lower lung airways, where undesired biological responses might be induced. C1 [Su, Wei-Chung; Cheng, Yung Sung] Lovelace Resp Res Inst, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. [Ku, Bon Ki; Kulkarni, Pramod] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Su, WC (reprint author), Lovelace Resp Res Inst, 2425 Ridgecrest Dr SE, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. EM wsu@LRRI.org FU NIOSH [254-2010-M-36304, 214-2012-M-52048]; [R01OH010062] FX This project was sponsored by NIOSH contract 254-2010-M-036304, 214-2012-M-52048 and research grant R01OH010062. NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 18 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 EI 1545-9632 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PD JAN 2 PY 2016 VL 13 IS 1 BP 48 EP 59 DI 10.1080/15459624.2015.1076162 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DA1YS UT WOS:000367592700006 PM 26317666 ER PT J AU Azman, AS Clvers, L Legros, D Luquero, FJ Mintz, ED AF Azman, Andrew S. Clvers, Louise Legros, Dominique Luquero, Francisco J. Mintz, Eric D. TI Safe water, sanitation, hygiene, and a cholera vaccine SO LANCET LA English DT Letter C1 [Azman, Andrew S.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Luquero, Francisco J.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Clvers, Louise] Partners Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [Clvers, Louise] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Legros, Dominique] World Hlth Org, Pandem & Epidem Dis, Geneva, Switzerland. [Luquero, Francisco J.] Epicentre, Paris, France. [Mintz, Eric D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Azman, AS (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM azman@jhu.edu FU World Health Organization [001] NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 EI 1474-547X J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD JAN 2 PY 2016 VL 387 IS 10013 BP 28 EP 28 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA CZ9ZU UT WOS:000367457300020 PM 26766343 ER PT J AU Cowling, BJ Feng, S Finelli, L Steffens, A Fowlkes, A AF Cowling, Benjamin J. Feng, Shuo Finelli, Lyn Steffens, Andrea Fowlkes, Ashley TI Assessment of influenza vaccine effectiveness in a sentinel surveillance network 2010-13, United States SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Influenza vaccine; Vaccine efficacy; Respiratory infection; Influenza-like illness ID TEST-NEGATIVE DESIGN; SEASON; ILLNESS; VIRUS AB Background: Influenza vaccines are now widely used to reduce the burden of annual epidemics of influenza virus infections. Influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) is monitored annually to determine VE against each season's circulating influenza strains in different groups such as children, adults and the elderly. Few prospective surveillance programs are available to evaluate influenza VE against medically attended illness for patients of all ages in the United States. Methods: We conducted surveillance of patients with acute respiratory illnesses in 101 clinics across the US during three consecutive influenza seasons. We analyzed laboratory testing results for influenza virus, self-reported vaccine history, and patient characteristics, defining cases as patients who tested positive for influenza virus and controls as patients who tested negative for influenza virus. Comparison of influenza vaccination coverage among cases versus controls, adjusted for potential confounders, was used to estimate VE as one minus the adjusted odds ratio multiplied by 100%. Results: We included 10,650 patients during three influenza seasons from August 2010 through December 2013, and estimated influenza VE in children 6m-5y of age (58%; 95% CI: 49%-66%), children 6-17y (45%; 95% CI: 34%-53%), adults 18-49y (36%; 95% CI: 24%, 46%), and adults >50y (34%, 95% CI: 13%, 51%). VE was higher against influenza A(H1N1) compared to A(H3N2) and B. Conclusions: Our estimates of moderate influenza VE confirm the important role of vaccination in protecting against medically attended influenza virus infection. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Cowling, Benjamin J.; Feng, Shuo] Univ Hong Kong, WHO Collaborating Ctr Infect Dis Epidemiol & Cont, Sch Publ Hlth, Li Ka Shing Fac Med, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Finelli, Lyn; Steffens, Andrea; Fowlkes, Ashley] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Fowlkes, A (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,Mailstop A-32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM AFowlkes@cdc.gov FU Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [5U38HM000414-04]; Harvard Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences [U54 GM088558]; Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China [T11-705/14N]; Medical Research Fund, Food and Health Bureau, Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region FX This work was supported by the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (cooperative agreement 5U38HM000414-04 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). BJC is supported by the Harvard Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (grant no. U54 GM088558), a grant from the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China (Project No. T11-705/14N), and a commissioned grant from the Health and Medical Research Fund, Food and Health Bureau, Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. The funding bodies had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, preparation of the manuscript, or the decision to publish. NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JAN 2 PY 2016 VL 34 IS 1 BP 61 EP 66 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.11.016 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA DA0LV UT WOS:000367489500010 PM 26611200 ER PT J AU Phares, CR Date, K Travers, P Deglise, C Wongjindanon, N Ortega, L Bhuket, PRN AF Phares, Christina R. Date, Kashmira Travers, Philippe Deglise, Carole Wongjindanon, Nuttapong Ortega, Luis Bhuket, Ponchanok Rattanadilok Na TI Mass vaccination with a two-dose oral cholera vaccine in a long-standing refugee camp, Thailand SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Cholera; Oral cholera vaccines; Refugees; Epidemiology; Thailand ID ADVERSE EVENTS; INDIA; OUTBREAK; COVERAGE; KOLKATA; AFRICA; HAITI AB Background: During 2005-2012, surveillance in Maela refugee camp, Thailand, identified four cholera outbreaks, with rates up to 10.7 cases per 1000 refugees. In 2013, the Thailand Ministry of Public Health sponsored a two-dose oral cholera vaccine (OCV) campaign for the approximately 46,000 refugees living in Maela, Methods: We enumerated the target population (refugees living in Maela who are >= 1 year old and not pregnant) in a census three months before the campaign and issued barcoded OCV cards to each individual. We conducted the campaign using a fixed-post strategy during two eight-day rounds plus one two-day round for persons who had missed their second dose and recorded vaccine status for each individual. To identify factors associated with no vaccination (versus at least one dose) and those associated with adverse events following immunization (AEFI), we used separate marginal log-binomial regression models with robust variance estimates to account for household clustering. Results: A total of 63,057 OCV doses were administered to a target population of 43,485 refugees. An estimated 35,399(81%) refugees received at least one dose and 27,658(64%) received two doses. A total of 993 additional doses (1.5%) were wasted including 297 that were spat out. Only 0.05% of refugees, mostly children, could not be vaccinated due to repeated spitting. Characteristics associated with no vaccination (versus at least one dose) included age >= 15 years (versus 1-14 years), Karen ethnicity (versus any other ethnicity) and, only among adults 15-64 years old, male sex. Passive surveillance identified 84 refugees who experienced 108 AEFI including three serious but coincidental events. The most frequent AEFI were nausea (49%), dizziness (38%), and fever (30%). Overall, AEFI were more prevalent among young children and older adults. Conclusions: Our results suggest that mass vaccination in refugee camps with a two-dose OCV is readily achievable and AEFI are few. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Phares, Christina R.; Ortega, Luis] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Phares, Christina R.; Wongjindanon, Nuttapong; Ortega, Luis] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Collaborat, Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, Minist Publ Hlth, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. [Date, Kashmira] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Travers, Philippe] Premiere Urgence Aide Med Int, Tak 63110, Thailand. [Deglise, Carole] Premiere Urgence Aide Med Int, Paris, France. [Bhuket, Ponchanok Rattanadilok Na] Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, Dept Dis Control, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. RP Phares, CR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E03, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM cphares@cdc.gov; kdate@cdc.gov; travers_philippe@yahoo.fr; cdeglise@pu-ami.org; nwongjindanon@cdc.gov; ortegal@cdc.gov; tapanokr@yahoo.com FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP1058728] FX We acknowledge Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1058728) for their financial support and thank Maesot General Hospital and Tha Song Yang Hospital for their laboratory support. NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JAN 2 PY 2016 VL 34 IS 1 BP 128 EP 133 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.10.112 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA DA0LV UT WOS:000367489500018 PM 26549363 ER PT J AU Naleway, AL Crane, B Smith, N Daley, MF Donahue, J Gee, J Greene, SK Harrington, T Jackson, LA Klein, NP Tseng, HF Vellozzi, C Weintraub, ES AF Naleway, Allison L. Crane, Brad Smith, Ning Daley, Matthew F. Donahue, James Gee, Julianne Greene, Sharon K. Harrington, Theresa Jackson, Lisa A. Klein, Nicola P. Tseng, Hung Fu Vellozzi, Claudia Weintraub, Eric S. CA Vaccine Safety Datalink TI Absence of venous thromboembolism risk following quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccination, Vaccine Safety Datalink, 2008-2011 SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Human papillomavirus vaccine; Safety; Venous thromboembolism; Adolescents ID DEEP-VEIN THROMBOSIS; IMMUNIZATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; POPULATION; TRENDS AB Background: To investigate concerns about a potential association between quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccination (HPV4) and venous thromboembolism (VTE), we conducted a self-controlled case series study in adolescents and young adults 9-26 years of age in the Vaccine Safety Datalink. Methods: We identified potential VTE cases diagnosed in 2008 through 2011 who had also received at least one HPV4 dose during that period. We confirmed each presumptive diagnosis by medical record review. We calculated incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to estimate the risk in the 1-60 day period following HPV4 exposure and in subsets of that period. IRRs were stratified by age, gender, hormonal contraceptive use, and recent surgery or trauma. Results: We identified 313 potential cases of VTE among HPV4 vaccinees, and 291 (93%) had sufficient medical records for review. Of these, we confirmed 156 (54%) cases. VTE was uncommon among males (n=3) and 9-12 year olds (n=4). Nearly all confirmed cases (97%) had at least one known risk factor for VTE, including hormonal contraceptive use, obesity, and hypercoagulability. Sixteen (10%) confirmed cases occurred in the 1-60 days following HPV4 exposure. The risk of VTE varied from 1.47 (95% Cl: 0.47-4.64) in the 1-7 days following HPV4 exposure to 0.92(95% CI: 0.54-1.57) in the 1-60 days following vaccination. It was not possible to calculate a stratified IRR for males due to small sample size; the other risk factors evaluated did not significantly affect the risk of VTE after HPV4 exposure. Conclusion: The risk of developing VTE among 9- to 26-year-olds was not elevated following HPV4 exposure. Sample size limited our ability to rigorously evaluate potential effect modifiers, such as gender, through stratified analysis. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Naleway, Allison L.; Crane, Brad; Smith, Ning] Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Ctr Hlth Res, Portland, OR 97227 USA. [Daley, Matthew F.] Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Inst Hlth Res, Denver, CO USA. [Donahue, James] Marshfield Clin Res Fdn, Marshfield, WI USA. [Gee, Julianne; Harrington, Theresa; Vellozzi, Claudia; Weintraub, Eric S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA USA. [Greene, Sharon K.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care Inst, Boston, MA USA. [Greene, Sharon K.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Populat Med, Boston, MA USA. [Jackson, Lisa A.] Grp Hlth Res Inst, Seattle, WA USA. [Klein, Nicola P.] Kaiser Permanente No Calif, Div Res, Oakland, CA USA. [Tseng, Hung Fu] Kaiser Permanente So Calif, Dept Res & Evaluat, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. RP Naleway, AL (reprint author), Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Ctr Hlth Res, 3800 N Interstate Ave, Portland, OR 97227 USA. EM allison.naleway@kpchr.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2012-53584] FX This study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (contract number 200-2012-53584). NR 19 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JAN 2 PY 2016 VL 34 IS 1 BP 167 EP 171 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.10.006 PG 5 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA DA0LV UT WOS:000367489500023 PM 26549361 ER PT J AU McNicholl, JM AF McNicholl, Janet M. TI Combining biomedical preventions for HIV: Vaccines with pre-exposure prophylaxis, microbicides or other HIV preventions SO Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics LA English DT Review DE clinical trials; HIV prevention; HIV vaccine; macaque; PrEP ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS-INFECTION; INJECTING DRUG-USERS; EFFICACY TRIAL; DOUBLE-BLIND; ANTIRETROVIRAL PROPHYLAXIS; AFRICAN WOMEN; THAILAND; TENOFOVIR; TRANSMISSION; MACAQUES AB Biomedical preventions for HIV, such as vaccines, microbicides or pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with antiretroviral drugs, can each only partially prevent HIV-1 infection in most human trials. Oral PrEP is now FDA approved for HIV-prevention in high risk groups, but partial adherence reduces efficacy. If combined as biomedical preventions (CBP) an HIV vaccine could provide protection when PrEP adherence is low and PrEP could prevent vaccine breakthroughs. Other types of PrEP or microbicides may also be partially protective. When licensed, first generation HIV vaccines are likely to be partially effective. Individuals at risk for HIV may receive an HIV vaccine combined with other biomedical preventions, in series or in parallel, in clinical trials or as part of standard of care, with the goal of maximally increasing HIV prevention. In human studies, it is challenging to determine which preventions are best combined, how they interact and how effective they are. Animal models can determine CBP efficacy, whether additive or synergistic, the efficacy of different products and combinations, dose, timing and mechanisms. CBP studies in macaques have shown that partially;or minimally effective candidate HIV vaccines combined with partially effective oral PrEP, vaginal PrEP or microbicide generally provided greater protection than either prevention alone against SIV or SHIV challenges. Since human CBP trials will be complex, animal models can guide their design, sample size, endpoints, correlates and surrogates of protection. This review focuses on animal studies and human models of CBP and discusses implications for HIV prevention. C1 [McNicholl, Janet M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS, Branch Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. RP McNicholl, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, MS A25, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM jkm7@cdc.gov NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 2164-5515 EI 2164-554X J9 HUM VACC IMMUNOTHER JI Human Vaccines Immunother. PY 2016 VL 12 IS 12 BP 3202 EP 3211 DI 10.1080/21645515.2016.1231258 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology GA EI9KM UT WOS:000392826800035 PM 27679928 ER PT J AU de Man, TJB Limbago, BM AF de Man, Tom J. B. Limbago, Brandi M. TI SSTAR, a Stand-Alone Easy-To-Use Antimicrobial Resistance Gene Predictor SO MSPHERE LA English DT Article DE antimicrobial resistance genes; porins; BLAST; SSTAR ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; BETA-LACTAMASES; CARBAPENEM RESISTANCE; ARG-ANNOT; ENTEROBACTERIACEAE; MICROBIOLOGY; LEVOFLOXACIN; STREPTOMYCIN; EMERGENCE AB We present the easy-to-use Sequence Search Tool for Antimicrobial Resistance, SSTAR. It combines a locally executed BLASTN search against a customizable database with an intuitive graphical user interface for identifying antimicrobial resistance (AR) genes from genomic data. Although the database is initially populated from a public repository of acquired resistance determinants (i.e., ARG-ANNOT), it can be customized for particular pathogen groups and resistance mechanisms. For instance, outer membrane porin sequences associated with carbapenem resistance phenotypes can be added, and known intrinsic mechanisms can be included. Unique about this tool is the ability to easily detect putative new alleles and truncated versions of existing AR genes. Variants and potential new alleles are brought to the attention of the user for further investigation. For instance, SSTAR is able to identify modified or truncated versions of porins, which may be of great importance in carbapenemase-negative carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. SSTAR is written in Java and is therefore platform independent and compatible with both Windows and Unix operating systems. SSTAR and its manual, which includes a simple installation guide, are freely available from https://github.com/tomdeman-bio/Sequence-Search-Tool-for-Antimicrobial-Resistance-SSTAR-. IMPORTANCE Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) is quickly becoming a routine method for identifying genes associated with antimicrobial resistance (AR). However, for many microbiologists, the use and analysis of WGS data present a substantial challenge. We developed SSTAR, software with a graphical user interface that enables the identification of known AR genes from WGS and has the unique capacity to easily detect new variants of known AR genes, including truncated protein variants. Current software solutions do not notify the user when genes are truncated and, therefore, likely nonfunctional, which makes phenotype predictions less accurate. SSTAR users can apply any AR database of interest as a reference comparator and can manually add genes that impact resistance, even if such genes are not resistance determinants per se (e.g., porins and efflux pumps). C1 [de Man, Tom J. B.; Limbago, Brandi M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM TdeMan@cdc.gov FU Advanced Molecular Detection (AMD) initiative at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was made possible through support from the Advanced Molecular Detection (AMD) initiative at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 2379-5042 J9 MSPHERE JI mSphere PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 1 IS 1 AR e00050-15 DI 10.1128/mSphere.00050-15 PG 10 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA EI6CX UT WOS:000392583700023 ER PT J AU Pellett, S Tepp, WH Bradshaw, M Kalb, SR Dykes, JK Lin, GY Nawrocki, EM Pier, CL Barr, JR Maslanka, SE Johnson, EA AF Pellett, Sabine Tepp, William H. Bradshaw, Marite Kalb, Suzanne R. Dykes, Janet K. Lin, Guangyun Nawrocki, Erin M. Pier, Christina L. Barr, John R. Maslanka, Susan E. Johnson, Eric A. TI Purification and Characterization of Botulinum Neurotoxin FA from a Genetically Modified Clostridium botulinum Strain SO MSPHERE LA English DT Article DE BoNT/FA; Clostridium botulinum; botulinum neurotoxin; chimeric toxin ID INFANT BOTULISM; GENE-SEQUENCES; SEROTYPE H; TOXIN; SUBTYPE; ASSAY; ANTIBODIES; ORGANISMS; DIVERSITY; CLEAVAGE AB Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs), produced by neurotoxigenic clostridial species, are the cause of the severe disease botulism in humans and animals. Early research on BoNTs has led to their classification into seven serotypes (serotypes A to G) based upon the selective neutralization of their toxicity in mice by homologous antibodies. Recently, a report of a potential eighth serotype of BoNT, designated "type H," has been controversial. This novel BoNT was produced together with BoNT/B2 in a dual-toxin-producing Clostridium botulinum strain. The data used to designate this novel toxin as a new serotype were derived from culture supernatant containing both BoNT/B2 and novel toxin and from sequence information, although data from two independent laboratories indicated neutralization by antibodies raised against BoNT/A1, and classification as BoNT/FA was proposed. The sequence data indicate a chimeric structure consisting of a BoNT/A1 receptor binding domain, a BoNT/F5 light-chain domain, and a novel translocation domain most closely related to BoNT/F1. Here, we describe characterization of this toxin purified from the native strain in which expression of the second BoNT (BoNT/B) has been eliminated. Mass spectrometry analysis indicated that the toxin preparation contained only BoNT/FA and confirmed catalytic activity analogous to that of BoNT/F5. The in vivo mouse bioassay indicated a specific activity of this toxin of 3.8 x 10(7) mouse 50% lethal dose (mLD(50)) units/mg, whereas activity in cultured human neurons was very high (50% effective concentration [EC50] = 0.02 mLD(50)/well). Neutralization assays in cells and mice both indicated full neutralization by various antibodies raised against BoNT/A1, although at 16-to 20-fold-lower efficiency than for BoNT/A1. IMPORTANCE Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs), produced by anaerobic bacteria, are the cause of the potentially deadly, neuroparalytic disease botulism. BoNTs have been classified into seven serotypes, serotypes A to G, based upon their selective neutralization by homologous antiserum, which is relevant for clinical and diagnostic purposes. Even though supportive care dramatically reduces the death rate of botulism, the only pharmaceutical intervention to reduce symptom severity and recovery time is early administration of antitoxin (antiserum raised against BoNTs). A recent report of a novel BoNT serotype, serotype H, raised concern of a "treatmentresistant" and highly potent toxin. However, the toxin's chimeric structure and characteristics indicate a chimeric BoNT/FA. Here we describe the first characterization of this novel toxin in purified form. BoNT/FA was neutralized by available antitoxins, C1 [Pellett, Sabine; Tepp, William H.; Bradshaw, Marite; Lin, Guangyun; Nawrocki, Erin M.; Pier, Christina L.; Johnson, Eric A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Dykes, Janet K.; Maslanka, Susan E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kalb, Suzanne R.; Barr, John R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. EM eric.johnson@wisc.edu FU HHS \ National Institutes of Health (NIH) [1R01AI095274]; HHS \ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); University of Wisconsin-Madison (UW) FX HHS vertical bar National Institutes of Health (NIH) provided funding to Eric A. Johnson under grant number 1R01AI095274. HHS vertical bar Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) provided funding to Susan E. Maslanka. HHS vertical bar Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) provided funding to John R. Barr. University of Wisconsin-Madison (UW) provided funding to Eric A. Johnson. NR 57 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 2379-5042 J9 MSPHERE JI mSphere PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 1 IS 1 AR e00100-15 DI 10.1128/mSphere.00100-15 PG 18 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA EI6CX UT WOS:000392583700036 ER PT S AU Zhao, K Jorba, J Iber, J Chen, Q Shaw, J Bullard, K Kew, O Burns, C AF Zhao, Kun Jorba, Jaume Iber, Jane Chen, Qi Shaw, Jing Bullard, Kelley Kew, Olen Burns, Cara GP IEEE TI Are Circulating Type 2 Vaccine-Derived Polioviruses (VDPVs) Genetically Distinguishable from Immunodeficiency-associated VDPVs? SO 2016 IEEE 6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTATIONAL ADVANCES IN BIO AND MEDICAL SCIENCES (ICCABS) SE International Conference on Computational Advances in Bio and Medical Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th IEEE International Conference on Computational Advances in Bio and Medical Sciences (ICCABS) CY OCT 13-15, 2016 CL Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA SP IEEE, NSF, Univ Connecticut, UCONN BECAT HO Georgia Inst Technol DE Vaccine-Derived Polioviruses; Immunodeficiency; Circulation; Outbreak C1 [Zhao, Kun; Jorba, Jaume; Iber, Jane; Chen, Qi; Shaw, Jing; Burns, Cara] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bullard, Kelley] IHRC Inc Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kew, Olen] Task Force Global Hlth, Decatur, GA 30030 USA. RP Zhao, K; Burns, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kzhao@cdc.gov; cburns@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2164-229X BN 978-1-5090-4199-2 J9 INT CONF COMPUT ADV PY 2016 PG 1 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BG8LL UT WOS:000392416700024 ER PT J AU Gama, E Were, V Ouma, P Desai, M Niessen, L Buff, AM Kariuki, S AF Gama, Elvis Were, Vincent Ouma, Peter Desai, Meghna Niessen, Louis Buff, Ann M. Kariuki, Simon TI Large-scale implementation of disease control programmes: a cost-effectiveness analysis of long-lasting insecticide-treated bed net distribution channels in a malaria-endemic area of western Kenya-a study protocol SO BMJ OPEN LA English DT Article ID CHILD-MORTALITY; ECONOMIC-EVALUATION; UNCERTAINTY; DURABILITY; GHANA AB Introduction: Historically, Kenya has used various distribution models for long-lasting insecticide-treated bed nets (LLINs) with variable results in population coverage. The models presently vary widely in scale, target population and strategy. There is limited information to determine the best combination of distribution models, which will lead to sustained high coverage and are operationally efficient and cost-effective. Standardised cost information is needed in combination with programme effectiveness estimates to judge the efficiency of LLIN distribution models and options for improvement in implementing malaria control programmes. The study aims to address the information gap, estimating distribution cost and the effectiveness of different LLIN distribution models, and comparing them in an economic evaluation. Methods and analysis: Evaluation of cost and coverage will be determined for 5 different distribution models in Busia County, an area of perennial malaria transmission in western Kenya. Cost data will be collected retrospectively from health facilities, the Ministry of Health, donors and distributors. Programme-effectiveness data, defined as the number of people with access to an LLIN per 1000 population, will be collected through triangulation of data from a nationally representative, cross-sectional malaria survey, a cross-sectional survey administered to a subsample of beneficiaries in Busia County and LLIN distributors' records. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis will be used for the evaluation. A cost-effectiveness analysis will be performed from a health-systems perspective, and cost-effectiveness ratios will be calculated using bootstrapping techniques. Ethics and dissemination: The study has been evaluated and approved by Kenya Medical Research Institute, Scientific and Ethical Review Unit (SERU number 2997). All participants will provide written informed consent. The findings of this economic evaluation will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications. C1 [Gama, Elvis; Were, Vincent; Niessen, Louis] Univ Liverpool Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Ctr Appl Hlth Res & Delivery CAHRD, Liverpool, Merseyside, England. [Were, Vincent; Ouma, Peter; Kariuki, Simon] Kenya Med Res Inst & US Ctr Dis Control and Preve, Kisumu, Kenya. [Desai, Meghna; Buff, Ann M.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Buff, Ann M.] US Presidents Malaria Initiat, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Gama, E (reprint author), Univ Liverpool Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Ctr Appl Hlth Res & Delivery CAHRD, Liverpool, Merseyside, England. EM elvis.gama@lstmed.ac.uk FU United States Agency for International Development (USAID) FX United States Agency for International Development (USAID). NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 2044-6055 J9 BMJ OPEN JI BMJ Open PY 2016 VL 6 IS 11 AR e012776 DI 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012776 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA EG8JQ UT WOS:000391303400060 PM 27872120 ER PT J AU Phillips-Howard, PA Nyothach, E ter Kuile, FO Omoto, J Wang, DL Zeh, C Onyango, C Mason, L Alexander, KT Odhiambo, FO Eleveld, A Mohammed, A van Eijk, AM Edwards, RT Vulule, J Faragher, B Laserson, KF AF Phillips-Howard, Penelope A. Nyothach, Elizabeth ter Kuile, Feiko O. Omoto, Jackton Wang, Duolao Zeh, Clement Onyango, Clayton Mason, Linda Alexander, Kelly T. Odhiambo, Frank O. Eleveld, Alie Mohammed, Aisha van Eijk, Anna M. Edwards, Rhiannon Tudor Vulule, John Faragher, Brian Laserson, Kayla F. TI Menstrual cups and sanitary pads to reduce school attrition, and sexually transmitted and reproductive tract infections: a cluster randomised controlled feasibility study in rural Western Kenya SO BMJ OPEN LA English DT Article ID BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS; HIV PREVALENCE; YOUNG-PEOPLE; SOUTH-AFRICA; WOMEN; GIRLS; RISK; ACQUISITION; HYGIENE; HEALTH AB Objectives: Conduct a feasibility study on the effect of menstrual hygiene on schoolgirls' school and health (reproductive/sexual) outcomes. Design: 3-arm single-site open cluster randomised controlled pilot study. Setting: 30 primary schools in rural western Kenya, within a Health and Demographic Surveillance System. Participants: Primary schoolgirls 14-16 years, experienced 3 menses, no precluding disability, and resident in the study area. Interventions: 1 insertable menstrual cup, or monthly sanitary pads, against 'usual practice' control. All participants received puberty education preintervention, and hand wash soap during intervention. Schools received hand wash soap. Primary and secondary outcome measures: Primary: school attrition (drop-out, absence); secondary: sexually transmitted infection (STI) (Trichomonas vaginalis, Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoea), reproductive tract infection (RTI) (bacterial vaginosis, Candida albicans); safety: toxic shock syndrome, vaginal Staphylococcus aureus. Results: Of 751 girls enrolled 644 were followed-up for a median of 10.9 months. Cups or pads did not reduce school dropout risk (control=8.0%, cups=11.2%, pads=10.2%). Self-reported absence was rarely reported and not assessable. Prevalence of STIs in the end-of-study survey among controls was 7.7% versus 4.2% in the cups arm (adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) 0.48, 0.24 to 0.96, p=0.039), 4.5% with pads (aPR=0.62; 0.37 to 1.03, p=0.063), and 4.3% with cups and pads pooled (aPR=0.54, 0.34 to 0.87, p=0.012). RTI prevalence was 21.5%, 28.5% and 26.9% among cup, pad and control arms, 71% of which were bacterial vaginosis, with a prevalence of 14.6%, 19.8% and 20.5%, per arm, respectively. Bacterial vaginosis was less prevalent in the cups (12.9%) compared with pads (20.3%, aPR=0.65, 0.44 to 0.97, p=0.034) and control (19.2%, aPR=0.67, 0.43 to 1.04, p=0.075) arm girls enrolled for 9 months or longer. No adverse events were identified. Conclusions: Provision of menstrual cups and sanitary pads for similar to 1 school-year was associated with a lower STI risk, and cups with a lower bacterial vaginosis risk, but there was no association with school dropout. A large-scale trial on menstrual cups is warranted. C1 [Phillips-Howard, Penelope A.; ter Kuile, Feiko O.; Wang, Duolao; Mason, Linda; Alexander, Kelly T.; van Eijk, Anna M.; Faragher, Brian] Liverpool Sch Trop Med LSTM, Dept Clin Sci, Liverpool, Merseyside, England. [Phillips-Howard, Penelope A.; Nyothach, Elizabeth; ter Kuile, Feiko O.; Zeh, Clement; Onyango, Clayton; Odhiambo, Frank O.; Vulule, John; Laserson, Kayla F.] Kenya Med Res Inst KEMRI, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Kisumu, Kenya. [Omoto, Jackton] Siaya Dist Hosp, Minist Hlth, Siaya, Kenya. [Zeh, Clement; Onyango, Clayton] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC Kenya, Kisumu, Kenya. [Eleveld, Alie] Safe Water & AIDS Project SWAP, Kisumu, Kenya. [Mohammed, Aisha] Minist Publ Hlth & Sanitat, Div Reprod Hlth, Nairobi, Kenya. [Edwards, Rhiannon Tudor] Bangor Univ, Ctr Econ & Policy Hlth, Bangor, Gwynedd, Wales. [Laserson, Kayla F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Hlth Protect, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Phillips-Howard, PA (reprint author), Liverpool Sch Trop Med LSTM, Dept Clin Sci, Liverpool, Merseyside, England.; Phillips-Howard, PA (reprint author), Kenya Med Res Inst KEMRI, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Kisumu, Kenya. EM Penelope.Phillips-Howard@lstmed.ac.uk OI ter Kuile, Feiko/0000-0003-3663-5617 FU UK-Medical Research Institute/Department for International Development/Wellcome Trust [G1100677/1] FX This work was supported by the UK-Medical Research Institute/Department for International Development/Wellcome Trust Global Health Trials award; grant number G1100677/1. NR 52 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 2044-6055 J9 BMJ OPEN JI BMJ Open PY 2016 VL 6 IS 11 AR e013229 DI 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013229 PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA EG8JQ UT WOS:000391303400151 PM 27881530 ER PT J AU Unger, HW Cates, JE Gutman, J Briand, V Fievet, N Valea, I Tinto, H d'Alessandro, U Landis, SH Adu-Afarwuah, S Dewey, KG Ter Kuile, F Dellicour, S Ouma, P Slutsker, L Terlouw, DJ Kariuki, S Ayisi, J Nahlen, B Desai, M Madanitsa, M Kalilani-Phiri, L Ashorn, P Maleta, K Mueller, I Stanisic, D Schmiegelow, C Lusingu, J Westreich, D van Eijk, AM Meshnick, S Rogerson, S AF Unger, Holger W. Cates, Jordan E. Gutman, Julie Briand, Valerie Fievet, Nadine Valea, Innocent Tinto, Halidou d'Alessandro, Umberto Landis, Sarah H. Adu-Afarwuah, Seth Dewey, Kathryn G. Ter Kuile, Feiko Dellicour, Stephanie Ouma, Peter Slutsker, Laurence Terlouw, Dianne J. Kariuki, Simon Ayisi, John Nahlen, Bernard Desai, Meghna Madanitsa, Mwayi Kalilani-Phiri, Linda Ashorn, Per Maleta, Kenneth Mueller, Ivo Stanisic, Danielle Schmiegelow, Christentze Lusingu, John Westreich, Daniel van Eijk, Anna Maria Meshnick, Steven Rogerson, Stephen TI Maternal Malaria and Malnutrition (M3) initiative, a pooled birth cohort of 13 pregnancy studies in Africa and the Western Pacific SO BMJ OPEN LA English DT Article ID PAPUA-NEW-GUINEA; INTERMITTENT PREVENTIVE TREATMENT; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; PARTICIPANT DATA METAANALYSIS; MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES; SULFADOXINE-PYRIMETHAMINE; BURKINA-FASO; FETAL-GROWTH; RISK-FACTORS; BLOOD-FLOW AB Purpose: The Maternal Malaria and Malnutrition (M3) initiative has pooled together 13 studies with the hope of improving understanding of malaria-nutrition interactions during pregnancy and to foster collaboration between nutritionists and malariologists. Participants: Data were pooled on 14 635 singleton, live birth pregnancies from women who had participated in 1 of 13 pregnancy studies. The 13 studies cover 8 countries in Africa and Papua New Guinea in the Western Pacific conducted from 1996 to 2015. Findings to date: Data are available at the time of antenatal enrolment of women into their respective parent study and at delivery. The data set comprises essential data such as malaria infection status, anthropometric assessments of maternal nutritional status, presence of anaemia and birth weight, as well as additional variables such gestational age at delivery for a subset of women. Participating studies are described in detail with regard to setting and primary outcome measures, and summarised data are available from each contributing cohort. Future plans: This pooled birth cohort is the largest pregnancy data set to date to permit a more definite evaluation of the impact of plausible interactions between poor nutritional status and malaria infection in pregnant women on fetal growth and gestational length. Given the current comparative lack of large pregnancy cohorts in malaria-endemic settings, compilation of suitable pregnancy cohorts is likely to provide adequate statistical power to assess malaria-nutrition interactions, and could point towards settings where such interactions are most relevant. The M3 cohort may thus help to identify pregnant women at high risk of adverse outcomes who may benefit from tailored intensive antenatal care including nutritional supplements and alternative or intensified malaria prevention regimens, and the settings in which these interventions would be most effective. C1 [Unger, Holger W.] Royal Edinburgh Infirm, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Unger, Holger W.; Rogerson, Stephen] Univ Melbourne, Doherty Inst, Dept Med, Parkville, Vic, Australia. [Cates, Jordan E.; Westreich, Daniel; Meshnick, Steven] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Gutman, Julie; Slutsker, Laurence; Desai, Meghna] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,Mail Stop F-12, Atlanta, GA USA. [Briand, Valerie; Fievet, Nadine] IRD, Mere & Enfant Face Infect Trop UMR216, Paris, France. [Briand, Valerie; Fievet, Nadine] Univ Paris 05, Fa Pharm, COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France. [Valea, Innocent; Tinto, Halidou] Inst Rech Sci Sante DRO, Unite Rech Clin Nanoro, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. [Valea, Innocent; Tinto, Halidou] Ctr Muraz, Dept Rech Clin, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. [d'Alessandro, Umberto] MRC Unit, Serrekunda, Gambia. [d'Alessandro, Umberto] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London, England. [d'Alessandro, Umberto] Inst Trop Med, Antwerp, Belgium. [Landis, Sarah H.] GlaxoSmithKline, Worldwide Epidemiol, Uxbridge, Middx, England. [Adu-Afarwuah, Seth] Univ Ghana, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, Legon, Accra, Ghana. [Dewey, Kathryn G.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Ter Kuile, Feiko; Dellicour, Stephanie; Kalilani-Phiri, Linda; van Eijk, Anna Maria] Univ Liverpool Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Dept Clin Sci, Liverpool, Merseyside, England. [Ouma, Peter; Kariuki, Simon; Ayisi, John] Ctr Global Hlth Res, Kenya Med Res Inst KEMRI, Kisumu, Kenya. [Terlouw, Dianne J.] Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clin Res Programm, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool, Merseyside, England. [Nahlen, Bernard] Presidents Malaria Initiat, Washington, DC USA. [Madanitsa, Mwayi; Kalilani-Phiri, Linda; Maleta, Kenneth] Univ Malawi, Coll Med, Sch Publ Hlth & Family Med, Blantyre, Malawi. [Ashorn, Per] Tampere Ctr Child Hlth Res, Tampere, Finland. [Ashorn, Per] Univ Tampere, Dept Pediat, Tampere, Finland. [Ashorn, Per] Tampere Univ Hosp, Tampere, Finland. [Mueller, Ivo] Walter & Eliza Hall Inst Med Res, Parkville, Vic, Australia. [Stanisic, Danielle] Griffith Univ, Inst Glyc, Gold Coast, Qld, Australia. [Schmiegelow, Christentze; Lusingu, John] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Immunol & Microbiol, Ctr Med Parasitol, Fac Hlth Sci, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Lusingu, John] Tanga Ctr, Inst Med Res, Tanga, Tanzania. RP Rogerson, S (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Doherty Inst, Dept Med, Parkville, Vic, Australia. EM hwunger@doctors.org.uk; sroger@unimelb.edu.au OI Cates, Jordan/0000-0003-4300-7416 FU European Union; STOPPAM [200889]; Nutrition Third World; Belgium Ministry of Development; Flemish Interuniversity Council; French Ministry of Development; Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; Malaria in Pregnancy (MiP) Consortium; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [46099]; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria; CDC; US Agency for International Development; Royal Netherlands Embassy (Nairobi, Kenya); US Agency for International Development [AOT0483-PH1-2171, HRN-A-00-04-00010-02]; Netherlands Foundation for the Advancement of Tropical Research; European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership (EDCTP); Academy of Finland [79787, 207010]; Foundation for Pediatric Research in Finland; Medical Research Fund of Tampere University Hospital; MiP Consortium through Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [46099]; Pregvax Consortium through EU FP7-HEALTH [PREGVAX 201588]; Spanish Government (EUROSALUD); Pfizer [WS394663]; AusAID; National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia; Australian Research Council; Wellcome Trust; Veterans Affairs Research Service; NHMRC Infrastructure for Research Institutes; Victorian State Government; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases at the National Institutes of Health [5 T32 AI070114] FX The STOPPAM project, 'Strategies To Prevent Pregnancy Associated Malaria' was supported by the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (EU FP7); STOPPAM contract number: 200889. STOPPAM I (Benin) and STOPPAM II (Tanzania). The FSP/MISAME study (Burkina Faso) was funded by Nutrition Third World, The Belgium Ministry of Development, Flemish Interuniversity Council, and French Ministry of Development. The ECHO study (Democratic Republic of the Congo) was funded by the Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health. The iLiNS-DYAD (Ghana) trial was funded by a grant to the University of California, Davis from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. EMEP was partly supported by the Malaria in Pregnancy (MiP) Consortium, which is funded through a grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, UK (46099) and partly by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria through a cooperative agreement with Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Center for Global Health Research (CGHR), Kisumu, Kenya. The IPTp-MON study (Kenya) was supported by the CDC. The ITN project (Kenya) was funded by the US Agency for International Development. The Special Health Support Fund from the Royal Netherlands Embassy (Nairobi, Kenya) provided additional support for the study of the impact of ITN in pregnancy. The Kisumu study (Kenya) was funded by US Agency for International Development (grant numbers AOT0483-PH1-2171 and HRN-A-00-04-00010-02) and the Netherlands Foundation for the Advancement of Tropical Research. The STOPMIP study (Kenya) was funded by the Malaria in Pregnancy (MiP) Consortium, which is funded through a grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, UK. The ISTp study (Malawi) was funded by the European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership (EDCTP). The LAIS study was supported by grants from the Academy of Finland (grant numbers 79787 and 207010), the Foundation for Pediatric Research in Finland, and the Medical Research Fund of Tampere University Hospital. Azithromycin and its placebo were provided free of charge by Pfizer (New York, New York, USA), which also provided funding for the PCR testing of the sexually transmitted infections. The IPTp study (Papua New Guinea (PNG)) was funded by the MiP Consortium, through a grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (46099); the Pregvax Consortium, through a grant from the EU FP7-2007-HEALTH (PREGVAX 201588) and the Spanish Government (EUROSALUD 2008 Programme); and Pfizer, through an investigator-initiated research grant (WS394663). The Sek study (PNG) was supported by AusAID (grant to PNG Institute of Medical Research (IMR)), the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia; Australian Research Council; Wellcome Trust; and Veterans Affairs Research Service. The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute is supported by the NHMRC Infrastructure for Research Institutes Support Scheme and Victorian State Government Operational Infrastructure Support. JEC was funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases at the National Institutes of Health (Pre-doctoral Training in Infectious Disease Epidemiology grant #5 T32 AI070114). NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 2044-6055 J9 BMJ OPEN JI BMJ Open PY 2016 VL 6 IS 12 AR e012697 DI 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012697 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA EG8JS UT WOS:000391303600152 PM 28003287 ER PT J AU Sandoval-Rosario, M Hunter, TM Durnham, A Holt, A Pontones, P Perry, G AF Sandoval-Rosario, Michelle Hunter, Theresa Marie Durnham, Adrienne Holt, Antoniette Pontones, Pam Perry, Geraldine TI Chronic conditions and barriers to care: exploring the health of migrant and seasonal farmworkers in Indiana SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN HEALTH CARE LA English DT Article DE Social care; Race; Health care; Public services; Access to care; Migrant farmworkers; Hispanic; Chronic conditions; Seasonal farmworkers AB Purpose - Migrant and seasonal farmworkers (MSFWs) have many health challenges due to the nature of their work, low wages, living conditions, mobility, and lack of health insurance. The purpose of this paper is to assess the availability of health services, barriers to accessing health care, and the prevalence of chronic conditions among MSFWs in Indiana. Design/methodology/approach - A site-based convenience sample of MSFWs aged 14 years and older completed a cross-sectional survey. A total of 97 participants who currently or previously identified as farmworkers completed the questionnaire. Findings - Almost one-third of the respondents reported no access to a health care provider. Of those, 43 percent reported that cost prevented them from seeking care. Of those who reported chronic conditions (n = 22), over 50 percent did not have access to a health care provider. These findings highlight the need to further investigate the magnitude of the problem and begin exploring ways to improve affordable health care access among MSFWs in Northeastern Indiana. Originality/value - The results from this study highlight the need for the development and implementation of community health education programs that target MSFWs in Indiana. The findings, although not generalized, offer important insights into health care challenges and barriers to access in Indiana. The authors recommend that assistance programs should be implemented for providing affordable health care services for Hispanic MSFWs. C1 [Sandoval-Rosario, Michelle; Perry, Geraldine] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hunter, Theresa Marie] Indiana State Dept Hlth, Maternal & Child Hlth Div, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Durnham, Adrienne; Holt, Antoniette] Indiana State Dept Hlth, Off Minor Hlth, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Pontones, Pam] Indiana State Dept Hlth, Epidemiol Resource Ctr, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. RP Hunter, TM (reprint author), Indiana State Dept Hlth, Maternal & Child Hlth Div, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. EM tmhunter@indiana.edu NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LTD PI BINGLEY PA HOWARD HOUSE, WAGON LANE, BINGLEY BD16 1WA, W YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 2056-4902 J9 INT J HUM RIGHTS HEA JI Int. J. Hum. Rights Health Care PY 2016 VL 9 IS 4 BP 229 EP 234 DI 10.1108/IJHRH-06-2016-0009 PG 6 WC Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA EI0DW UT WOS:000392144000003 ER PT J AU Vempala, S Chopra, N Rajagopal, A Nkengasong, J Akuro, S AF Vempala, Santosh Chopra, Naomi Rajagopal, Aishwarya Nkengasong, John Akuro, Sidney GP ACM TI C4G BLIS: Health Care Delivery via Iterative Collaborative Design in Resource-constrained Settings SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE EIGHTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AND DEVELOPMENT (ICTD 2016) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development (ICTD) CY JUN 03-06, 2016 CL Univ Michigan, Sch Informat, Ann Arbor, MI SP Google, Microsoft Res, Int Network Postgraduate Students ICT4D, Univ Michigan, African Studies Ctr, Assoc Comp Machinery HO Univ Michigan, Sch Informat DE Developing nations; Hospital Laboratory; Health Care; ICTD; Customizable; Zero-training AB Health care delivery in resource-constrained settings presents many challenges, including highly diverse workflows, lack of standardization in data collection and reporting, and scarcity along many dimensions such as infrastructure, income and education. Many attempts to introduce state-of-the-art standardized systems for electronic record keeping have met with limited success in these settings. We present the design, implementation and evaluation of C4G BLIS, a system that tracks patients, laboratory samples, test results, and generates customized reports and trends for patients, physicians and health officials. The system was designed and deployed based on two major principles: (1) an Iterative Cooperative Design (ICD) methodology (2) immediate and continuous benefits for day-to-day users of the system. C4G BLIS is currently in use in many large hospital laboratories in Africa, and we report on the experience and results from these deployments, including improved turn-around times, reduced error rates and user satisfaction. C1 [Vempala, Santosh; Chopra, Naomi; Rajagopal, Aishwarya] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Nkengasong, John] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Akuro, Sidney] Global Hlth Sys Solut, Limbe, Cameroon. RP Vempala, S (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM vempala@cc.gatech.edu; naomi.chopra@gatech.edu; arajagopal@gatech.edu; jcn5@cdc.gov; akuroboy@gmail.com NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 1515 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10036-9998 USA BN 978-1-4503-4306-0 PY 2016 DI 10.1145/2909609.2909657 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Communication; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Education & Educational Research; Social Issues; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Communication; Education & Educational Research; Social Issues; Telecommunications GA BG7QD UT WOS:000391610600021 ER PT J AU Bailey, RL Cox-Ganser, JM Fedan, KB White, SK Lynch, DA Kreiss, K AF Bailey, R. L. Cox-Ganser, J. M. Fedan, K. B. White, S. K. Lynch, D. A. Kreiss, K. TI Spectrum Of Longitudinal Lung Abnormalities In Microwave Popcorn Workers SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT International Conference of the American-Thoracic-Society (ATS) CY MAY 13-18, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Thorac Soc C1 [Bailey, R. L.] NIOSH, CDC, Morgantown, WV USA. [Cox-Ganser, J. M.; Fedan, K. B.; White, S. K.; Kreiss, K.] CDCNIOSH, Morgantown, WV USA. [Lynch, D. A.] Natl Jewish Hlth, Denver, CO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1073-449X EI 1535-4970 J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2016 VL 193 MA A2994 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA EG0VE UT WOS:000390749602242 ER PT J AU Bradshaw, L Sumner, J Henneberger, PK Fishwick, D AF Bradshaw, L. Sumner, J. Henneberger, P. K. Fishwick, D. TI Characteristics Of Work Aggravated Asthma In The United Kingdom (uk) SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT International Conference of the American-Thoracic-Society (ATS) CY MAY 13-18, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Thorac Soc C1 [Bradshaw, L.; Sumner, J.; Fishwick, D.] Sci Directorate, Ctr Workplace Hlth, HSE, Buxton, England. [Henneberger, P. K.] NIOSH, CDC, Morgantown, WV USA. EM lisa.bradshaw@hsl.gsi.gov.uk NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1073-449X EI 1535-4970 J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2016 VL 193 MA A3706 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA EG0VE UT WOS:000390749603090 ER PT J AU Cox-Ganser, JM Bailey, RL White, SK Fedan, KB Kreiss, K AF Cox-Ganser, J. M. Bailey, R. L. White, S. K. Fedan, K. B. Kreiss, K. TI Longitudinal Decline And Spirometric Restriction In Microwave Popcorn And Flavoring Manufacturing Workers SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT International Conference of the American-Thoracic-Society (ATS) CY MAY 13-18, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Thorac Soc C1 [Cox-Ganser, J. M.; Bailey, R. L.; White, S. K.; Fedan, K. B.; Kreiss, K.] CDC, NIOSH, Morgantown, WV USA. EM jjc8@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1073-449X EI 1535-4970 J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2016 VL 193 MA A5433 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA EG0VE UT WOS:000390749605096 ER PT J AU Dumas, O Wiley, AS Henneberger, PK Speizer, FE Zock, JP Varraso, R Le Moual, N Boggs, K Camargo, CA AF Dumas, O. Wiley, A. S. Henneberger, P. K. Speizer, F. E. Zock, J. -P. Varraso, R. Le Moual, N. Boggs, K. Camargo, C. A. TI Variations In Disinfectants Used By Nurses In Us Healthcare Facilities SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT International Conference of the American-Thoracic-Society (ATS) CY MAY 13-18, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Thorac Soc C1 [Dumas, O.; Varraso, R.; Le Moual, N.] INSERM, U1168, VIMA Aging & Chron Dis Epidemiol & Publ Hlth Appr, Villejuif, France. [Wiley, A. S.; Speizer, F. E.; Boggs, K.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Channing Div Network Med, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Wiley, A. S.; Speizer, F. E.; Boggs, K.] Harvard Med Sch, Boston, MA USA. [Henneberger, P. K.] NIOSH, CDC, Morgantown, WV USA. [Zock, J. -P.] Netherlands Inst Hlth Serv Res NIVEL, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Camargo, C. A.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Emergency Med, Boston, MA 02114 USA. EM orianne.dumas@inserm.fr RI LeMoual, Nicole/R-8976-2016 OI LeMoual, Nicole/0000-0002-2723-5569 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1073-449X EI 1535-4970 J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2016 VL 193 MA A7671 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA EG0VE UT WOS:000390749607606 ER PT J AU Farris, BY Fedan, JS Mercer, RR Chen, BT Roberts, JR AF Farris, B. Y. Fedan, J. S. Mercer, R. R. Chen, B. T. Roberts, J. R. TI Repeated Co-Exposure To Diesel Exhaust Particulate And Crystalline Silica In Rats SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT International Conference of the American-Thoracic-Society (ATS) CY MAY 13-18, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Thorac Soc C1 [Farris, B. Y.] West Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV USA. [Fedan, J. S.; Mercer, R. R.; Chen, B. T.; Roberts, J. R.] NIOSH, CDC, Morgantown, WV USA. EM wcq0@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1073-449X EI 1535-4970 J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2016 VL 193 MA A5407 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA EG0VE UT WOS:000390749605070 ER PT J AU Goodell, AJ Shete, PB Vreman, R Metcalfe, J Porco, TC Barry, PM Flood, J Marks, S Cattamanchi, A Kahn, JG AF Goodell, A. J. Shete, P. B. Vreman, R. Metcalfe, J. Porco, T. C. Barry, P. M. Flood, J. Marks, S. Cattamanchi, A. Kahn, J. G. TI Prospects For Elimination: An Individual-Based Model To Assess Tb Control Strategies In California SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT International Conference of the American-Thoracic-Society (ATS) CY MAY 13-18, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Thorac Soc C1 [Goodell, A. J.; Vreman, R.; Porco, T. C.; Kahn, J. G.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Shete, P. B.; Metcalfe, J.; Cattamanchi, A.] San Francisco Gen Hosp, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. [Barry, P. M.; Flood, J.] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Richmond, CA USA. [Marks, S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1073-449X EI 1535-4970 J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2016 VL 193 MA A7678 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA EG0VE UT WOS:000390749607613 ER PT J AU Henneberger, PK Humann, MJ Liang, X Stefaniak, AB LeBouf, RF Stanton, ML Virji, MA AF Henneberger, P. K. Humann, M. J. Liang, X. Stefaniak, A. B. LeBouf, R. F. Stanton, M. L. Virji, M. A. TI An Evaluation Of Nonresponse And Bias In A Study Of Asthma In Healthcare Workers SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT International Conference of the American-Thoracic-Society (ATS) CY MAY 13-18, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Thorac Soc C1 [Henneberger, P. K.; Humann, M. J.; Liang, X.; Stefaniak, A. B.; LeBouf, R. F.; Stanton, M. L.; Virji, M. A.] NIOSH, CDC, Morgantown, WV USA. EM pkh0@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1073-449X EI 1535-4970 J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2016 VL 193 MA A3708 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA EG0VE UT WOS:000390749603092 ER PT J AU Holland, DP Sheehan, D Wright, A Scott, NA Belknap, RW Borisov, AS AF Holland, D. P. Sheehan, D. Wright, A. Scott, N. A. Belknap, R. W. Borisov, A. S. CA TB Trials Consortium TI Iadhere Study: Cost-Effectiveness Of Self-Administered Isoniazid/rifapentine For Treatment Of Latent Tuberculosis Infection In The United States SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT International Conference of the American-Thoracic-Society (ATS) CY MAY 13-18, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Thorac Soc C1 [Holland, D. P.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Sheehan, D.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Wright, A.] Nashville Metro Publ Hlth Dept, Nashville, TN USA. [Scott, N. A.] CDC Fdn Res Collaborat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Belknap, R. W.] Denver Hlth & Hosp, Denver, CO USA. [Borisov, A. S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM david.holland@emory.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1073-449X EI 1535-4970 J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2016 VL 193 MA A7888 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA EG0VE UT WOS:000390749607821 ER PT J AU Kadri, SS Spaulding, AB Lai, Y Adjemian, J Prevots, DR Palmore, T Masur, H Rhee, C Klompas, M Dekker, J Suffredini, A Hooper, DC Fridkin, S Danner, RL AF Kadri, S. S. Spaulding, A. B. Lai, Y. Adjemian, J. Prevots, D. R. Palmore, T. Masur, H. Rhee, C. Klompas, M. Dekker, J. Suffredini, A. Hooper, D. C. Fridkin, S. Danner, R. L. CA NIH Antimicrobial Resistance TI Five-Year Trends In Difficult To Treat Antimicrobial-Resistant Gram-Negative Bloodstream Infections Among Inpatients At 180 Us Hospitals SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT International Conference of the American-Thoracic-Society (ATS) CY MAY 13-18, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Thorac Soc C1 [Kadri, S. S.; Palmore, T.; Masur, H.; Dekker, J.; Suffredini, A.; Danner, R. L.] NIH, Ctr Clin, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Spaulding, A. B.; Lai, Y.; Adjemian, J.; Prevots, D. R.] NIAID, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Rhee, C.; Klompas, M.] Harvard Med Sch, Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care Inst, Boston, MA USA. [Hooper, D. C.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Fridkin, S.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM sameer.kadri@nih.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1073-449X EI 1535-4970 J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2016 VL 193 MA A6911 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA EG0VE UT WOS:000390749606682 ER PT J AU Linas, B Tasillo, A Menzies, NA Horsburgh, CR Marks, S Salomon, JA AF Linas, B. Tasillo, A. Menzies, N. A. Horsburgh, C. R. Marks, S. Salomon, J. A. TI The Cost-Effectiveness Of Testing And Treatment For Latent Tuberculosis Infection In Foreign-Born Persons In The United States SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT International Conference of the American-Thoracic-Society (ATS) CY MAY 13-18, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Thorac Soc C1 [Linas, B.; Tasillo, A.] Boston Med Ctr, Boston, MA USA. [Menzies, N. A.; Salomon, J. A.] Harvard TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [Horsburgh, C. R.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [Marks, S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1073-449X EI 1535-4970 J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2016 VL 193 MA A7686 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA EG0VE UT WOS:000390749607619 ER PT J AU Lozier, MJ Zahran, HS Bailey, CM AF Lozier, M. J. Zahran, H. S. Bailey, C. M. TI Quality Of Life And Health Care Use Among School-Age Children With Asthma-2006-2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Asthma Call-Back Survey SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT International Conference of the American-Thoracic-Society (ATS) CY MAY 13-18, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Thorac Soc C1 [Lozier, M. J.; Zahran, H. S.; Bailey, C. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM mlozier@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1073-449X EI 1535-4970 J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2016 VL 193 MA A2770 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA EG0VE UT WOS:000390749602019 ER PT J AU McCollum, ED Park, DE Watson, N Buck, WC Bunthi, C Devendra, A Ebruke, BE Elhilali, M Emmanouilidou, D Garcia-Prats, AJ Githinji, LN Hossain, ML Moore, DP Mudau, A Mulindwa, JM Olson, D Awori, JO Vandepitte, WP Verwey, C West, JE O'Brien, KL Feikin, D Hammitt, L AF McCollum, E. D. Park, D. E. Watson, N. Buck, W. C. Bunthi, C. Devendra, A. Ebruke, B. E. Elhilali, M. Emmanouilidou, D. Garcia-Prats, A. J. Githinji, L. N. Hossain, M. L. Moore, D. P. Mudau, A. Mulindwa, J. M. Olson, D. Awori, J. Otieno Vandepitte, W. P. Verwey, C. West, J. E. O'Brien, K. L. Feikin, D. Hammitt, L. TI The Characteristics And Reliability Of Pediatric Digital Lung Sound Examinations In Six African And Asian Countries Participating In The Pneumonia Etiology Research For Child Health (perch) Project SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT International Conference of the American-Thoracic-Society (ATS) CY MAY 13-18, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Thorac Soc C1 [McCollum, E. D.] Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Park, D. E.; O'Brien, K. L.; Hammitt, L.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Watson, N.] EMMES Corp, Rockville, MD USA. [Buck, W. C.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Maputo, CA, Mozambique. [Bunthi, C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Collaborat, Thailand Minist Publ Hlth US, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Devendra, A.] Natl Hlth Serv Highland, Inverness, Scotland. [Ebruke, B. E.] MRC, Basse, Gambia. [Elhilali, M.; Emmanouilidou, D.; West, J. E.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Garcia-Prats, A. J.] Univ Stellenbosch, Tygerberg, South Africa. [Githinji, L. N.] Univ Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. [Hossain, M. L.] Icddr b, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Moore, D. P.; Mudau, A.] Univ Witwatersrand, Resp & Meningeal Pathogens Res Unit, Soweto, Bangladesh. [Mulindwa, J. M.] Univ Teaching Hosp, Lusaka, Zambia. [Olson, D.] Univ Colorado, Aurora, CO USA. [Awori, J. Otieno] Kenya Med Res Inst Wellcome Trust Res Programme, Kilifi, Kenya. [Vandepitte, W. P.] Child Hlth Rangsit Univ, Queen Sirikit Natl Inst, Bangkok, Thailand. [Verwey, C.] Univ Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Feikin, D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM emccoll3@jhmi.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1073-449X EI 1535-4970 J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2016 VL 193 MA A3043 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA EG0VE UT WOS:000390749602291 ER PT J AU Moro, RN Scott, NA Vernon, A Goldberg, SV Schwartzman, K Narita, M Machado, ES Schluger, NW Lopez, M Leung, CC Chaisson, RE Belknap, RW Sanchez, J Villarino, ME Sterling, T AF Moro, R. N. Scott, N. A. Vernon, A. Goldberg, S. V. Schwartzman, K. Narita, M. Machado, E. S. Schluger, N. W. Lopez, M. Leung, C. -C. Chaisson, R. E. Belknap, R. W. Sanchez, J. Villarino, M. E. Sterling, T. TI Pregnancy Safety Assessment Of 3 Months Of Once-Weekly Rifapentine And Isoniazid And 9 Months Of Daily Isoniazid: A Post-Hoc Analysis Of The Prevent Tb And The Iadhere Trials SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT International Conference of the American-Thoracic-Society (ATS) CY MAY 13-18, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Thorac Soc C1 [Moro, R. N.; Scott, N. A.; Vernon, A.; Goldberg, S. V.; Villarino, M. E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schwartzman, K.] McGill Univ, Ctr Hlth, Resp Epidemiol & Clin Res Unit, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Narita, M.] Univ Washington, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Machado, E. S.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Schluger, N. W.] Columbia Univ, Med Ctr, Div Pulm Allergy & Crit Care Med, New York, NY USA. [Lopez, M.] Univ Barcelona, Hosp Clin, Maternal Fetal Med Dept, Barcelona, Spain. [Lopez, M.] Univ Barcelona, Hosp St Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain. [Leung, C. -C.] Dept Hlth, TB & Chest Serv, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Chaisson, R. E.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Ctr TB Res, Baltimore, MA USA. [Belknap, R. W.] Denver Hlth & Hosp, Denver, CO USA. [Sanchez, J.] IMPACTA ACTG 11301, Lima, Peru. [Sterling, T.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. EM rmoro@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1073-449X EI 1535-4970 J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2016 VL 193 MA A7859 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA EG0VE UT WOS:000390749607792 ER PT J AU Nurmagambetov, T Khavjou, OA Murphy, L Orenstein, D AF Nurmagambetov, T. Khavjou, O. A. Murphy, L. Orenstein, D. TI What Is The Cost Of Asthma In The States? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT International Conference of the American-Thoracic-Society (ATS) CY MAY 13-18, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Thorac Soc C1 [Nurmagambetov, T.; Murphy, L.; Orenstein, D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Khavjou, O. A.] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. EM ten7@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1073-449X EI 1535-4970 J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2016 VL 193 MA A2944 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA EG0VE UT WOS:000390749602192 ER PT J AU Paulin, LM Matsui, E Curtin-Brosnan, J Peng, R Diette, GB McCormack, MC Breysse, P Williams, D Hansel, NN AF Paulin, L. M. Matsui, E. Curtin-Brosnan, J. Peng, R. Diette, G. B. McCormack, M. C. Breysse, P. Williams, D. Hansel, N. N. TI Short-Term Nitrogen Dioxide Exposure Increases Rescue Medication Use In Children With Asthma SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT International Conference of the American-Thoracic-Society (ATS) CY MAY 13-18, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Thorac Soc C1 [Paulin, L. M.; Diette, G. B.; McCormack, M. C.; Hansel, N. N.] Johns Hopkins Pulm Crit Care, Baltimore, MD USA. [Matsui, E.; Curtin-Brosnan, J.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Peng, R.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Balitmore, MD USA. [Breysse, P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Williams, D.] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD USA. EM lpaulin1@jhmi.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1073-449X EI 1535-4970 J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2016 VL 193 MA A2875 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA EG0VE UT WOS:000390749602123 ER PT J AU Tam, EK Sircar, K Miike, R Yip, F AF Tam, E. K. Sircar, K. Miike, R. Yip, F. TI Volcanic Sulfur Dioxide Air Pollution And Reduced Fev1/FVC Ratio In Hawai'i Island Schoolchildren SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT International Conference of the American-Thoracic-Society (ATS) CY MAY 13-18, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Thorac Soc C1 [Tam, E. K.; Miike, R.] Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Yip, F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chamblee, GA USA. EM tameliza@hawaii.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1073-449X EI 1535-4970 J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2016 VL 193 MA A7676 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA EG0VE UT WOS:000390749607611 ER PT J AU Kachur, SP AF Kachur, S. Patrick TI 'Beyond ''test and treat'' - malaria diagnosis for improved pediatric fever management in sub-Saharan Africa' by Emily White Johansson SO GLOBAL HEALTH ACTION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Kachur, S. Patrick] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-06, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Kachur, SP (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-06, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM skachur@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1654-9880 J9 GLOBAL HEALTH ACTION JI Glob. Health Action PY 2016 VL 9 AR 34416 DI 10.3402/gha.v9.34416 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA EG2YP UT WOS:000390910300001 ER PT J AU Azofeifa, A Yeung, LF Alverson, CJ Beltran-Aguilar, E AF Azofeifa, Alejandro Yeung, Lorraine F. Alverson, C. J. Beltran-Aguilar, Eugenio TI Dental caries and periodontal disease among US pregnant women and nonpregnant women of reproductive age, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2004 SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH DENTISTRY LA English DT Article DE dental caries; periodontal disease; pregnancy; women; NHANES ID ORAL-HEALTH; UNITED-STATES; OUTCOMES; CARE AB ObjectivesThis study assessed and compared the prevalence and severity of dental caries and the prevalence of periodontal disease among pregnant and nonpregnant women of reproductive age (15-44 years) using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, NHANES (1999-2004). MethodsEstimates were derived from a sample of 897 pregnant women and 3,971 nonpregnant women. Chi-square and two-sample t-tests were used to assess differences between groups stratified by age, race/ethnicity, education, and poverty. Bonferroni method was applied to adjust for multiple comparisons. ResultsIn general, there were no statistically significant differences in the prevalence estimates of dental caries and periodontal disease between pregnant women and nonpregnant women. However, results showed significant differences when stratified by sociodemographic characteristics. For example, the prevalence of untreated dental caries among women aged 15-24 years was significantly higher in pregnant women than in nonpregnant women (41 percent versus 24 percent, P=0.001). Regardless of their pregnancy status, racial/ethnic minorities or women with less education or lower family income had higher prevalence of untreated dental caries, severity of dental caries, and periodontal disease compared to the respective reference groups of non-Hispanic whites or women with more education or higher family income. ConclusionResults of this study show few clinical differences in dental caries and periodontal disease between pregnant and nonpregnant women but persistent disparities by sociodemographic characteristics. In order to reduce oral health disparities in the United States, it is important to improve access to oral health care particularly among vulnerable groups. Integrating oral health into the overall health care could benefit and improve women's oral health outcomes. C1 [Azofeifa, Alejandro] Substance Abuse & Mental Hlth Serv Adm, Div Evaluat Anal & Qual, Ctr Behav Hlth Stat & Qual, Rockville, MD USA. [Azofeifa, Alejandro; Yeung, Lorraine F.; Alverson, C. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Congenital & Dev Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Beltran-Aguilar, Eugenio] Amer Board Dent Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Azofeifa, A (reprint author), 5600 Fisher Lane,Room 15E-29D, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. EM alejandro.azofeifa@samhsa.hhs.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-4006 EI 1752-7325 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH DENT JI J. Public Health Dent. PY 2016 VL 76 IS 4 BP 320 EP 329 DI 10.1111/jphd.12159 PG 10 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA EF8QA UT WOS:000390592700009 PM 27154283 ER PT J AU Battalora, L Buchacz, K Armon, C Overton, ET Hammer, J Patel, P Chmiel, JS Wood, K Bush, TJ Spear, JR Brooks, JT Young, B AF Battalora, Linda Buchacz, Kate Armon, Carl Overton, Edgar T. Hammer, John Patel, Pragna Chmiel, Joan S. Wood, Kathy Bush, Timothy J. Spear, John R. Brooks, John T. Young, Benjamin CA HIV Outpatient Study HOPS SUN Study Investigator TI Low bone mineral density and risk of incident fracture in HIV-infected adults SO ANTIVIRAL THERAPY LA English DT Article ID ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; COHORT; POPULATION; OUTPATIENT; PREVALENCE; MANAGEMENT; TENOFOVIR; AIDS; HOPS AB Background: Prevalence rates of low bone mineral density (BMD) and bone fractures are higher among HIV-infected adults compared with the general United States (US) population, but the relationship between BMD and incident fractures in HIV-infected persons has not been well described. Methods: Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) results of the femoral neck of the hip and clinical data were obtained prospectively during 2004-2012 from participants in two HIV cohort studies. Low BMD was defined by a T-score in the interval >-2.5 to <-1.0 (osteopenia) or <=-2.5 (osteoporosis). We analysed the association of low BMD with risk of subsequent incident fractures, adjusted for sociodemographics, other risk factors and covariables, using multivariable proportional hazards regression. Results: Among 1,006 participants analysed (median age 43 years [IQR 36-49], 83% male, 67% non-Hispanic white, median CD4(+) T-cell count 461 cells/mm(3) [IQR 311-658]), 36% (n=358) had osteopenia and 4% (n=37) osteoporosis; 67 had a prior fracture documented. During 4,068 person-years of observation after DXA scanning, 85 incident fractures occurred, predominantly rib/sternum (n=18), hand (n=14), foot (n=13) and wrist (n=11). In multivariable analyses, osteoporosis (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 4.02, 95% CI 2.02, 8.01) and current/prior tobacco use (aHR 1.59, 95% CI 1.02, 2.50) were associated with incident fracture. Conclusions: In this large sample of HIV-infected adults in the US, low baseline BMD was significantly associated with elevated risk of incident fracture. There is potential value of DXA screening in this population. C1 [Battalora, Linda; Spear, John R.] Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Buchacz, Kate; Patel, Pragna; Bush, Timothy J.; Brooks, John T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Armon, Carl; Wood, Kathy] Cerner Corp, Kansas City, MO USA. [Overton, Edgar T.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sch Med, Birmingham, AL USA. [Hammer, John] Denver Infect Dis Consultants, Denver, CO USA. [Chmiel, Joan S.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Young, Benjamin] APEX Family Med, Denver, CO USA. [Young, Benjamin] Int Assoc Providers AIDS Care, Washington, DC USA. RP Battalora, L (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM LBattalo@mines.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2002-00610, 200-2002-00611, 200-2002-00612, 200-2002-00613, 200-2007-23633, 200-2007-23634, 200-2007-23635, 200-2007-23636, 200-2001-00133, 200-2006-18797, 200-2011-41872] FX Centers for Disease Control and Prevention contract numbers 200-2002-00610, 200-2002-00611, 200-2002-00612, 200-2002-00613, 200-2007-23633, 200-2007-23634, 200-2007-23635, and 200-2007-23636; and contract numbers 200-2001-00133, 200-2006-18797, and 200-2011-41872. NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT MEDICAL PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 2-4 IDOL LANE, LONDON EC3R 5DD, ENGLAND SN 1359-6535 J9 ANTIVIR THER JI Antivir. Ther. PY 2016 VL 21 IS 1 BP 45 EP 54 DI 10.3851/IMP2979 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA EE6TB UT WOS:000389744300006 PM 26194468 ER PT J AU Kim, L Moonan, PK Heilig, CM Woodruff, RSY Kammerer, JS Haddad, MB AF Kim, L. Moonan, P. K. Heilig, C. M. Woodruff, R. S. Yelk Kammerer, J. S. Haddad, M. B. TI Factors associated with recurrent tuberculosis more than 12 months after treatment completion SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Mycobacterium tuberculosis; reinfection; reactivation; United States ID UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; REINFECTION; DISEASE AB SETTING: Even among persons who have completed a course of treatment for their first tuberculosis (TB) episode, patients with a history of TB are at higher risk for having TB. OBJECTIVE: To describe factors from the initial TB episode associated with recurrent TB among patients who completed treatment and remained free of TB for at least 12 months. DESIGN: During 1993-2006, US TB cases stratified by birth origin were examined. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to assess the association of factors during the initial episode with recurrence at least 12 months after treatment completion. RESULTS: Among 632 US-born patients, TB recurrence was associated with age 25-44 years (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.77, 99% confidence interval [CI] 1.02-3.09, attributable fraction [AF] 1-34%), substance use (aHR 1.57, 99%CI 1.23-2.02, AF 8-22%), and treatment supervised by health departments (aHR 1.42, 99%CI 1.03-1.97, AF 2-28%). Among 211 foreign-born patients, recurrence was associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection (aHR 2.24, 99%CI 1.27-3.98, AF 2-9%) and smear-positive TB (aHR 1.56, 99%CI 1.06-2.30, AF 3-33%). CONCLUSION: Factors associated with recurrence differed by origin of birth, and might be useful for anticipating greater risk for recurrent TB among certain patients with a history of TB. C1 [Kim, L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kim, L.; Moonan, P. K.; Heilig, C. M.; Woodruff, R. S. Yelk; Kammerer, J. S.; Haddad, M. B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, ME E-10,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Haddad, MB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, ME E-10,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM mhaddad@cdc.gov OI Heilig, Charles/0000-0003-1075-1310 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 EI 1815-7920 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 20 IS 1 BP 49 EP U79 DI 10.5588/ijtld.15.0442 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA EE5ZJ UT WOS:000389687800009 PM 26688528 ER PT J AU Burmen, B Modi, S Cavanaugh, JS Muttai, H McCarthy, KD Alexander, H Cain, K AF Burmen, B. Modi, S. Cavanaugh, J. S. Muttai, H. McCarthy, K. D. Alexander, H. Cain, K. TI Tuberculosis screening outcomes for newly diagnosed persons living with HIV, Nyanza Province, Kenya, 2009 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Article DE TB case finding; screening; TB-HIV ID COUNTRIES; PEOPLE AB SETTING: Fifteen human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) clinics in Nyanza Region, Western Kenya. OBJECTIVE: To describe routine tuberculosis (TB) screening and diagnostic practices among newly enrolled people living with HIV (PLHIV) prior to the implementation of World Health Organization recommended TB intensified case finding. DESIGN: Retrospective chart abstraction of PLHIV aged >= 7 years who were newly enrolled in HIV care in July and August 2009, and who had not received antiretroviral treatment in the preceding 2 years or been diagnosed with TB in the previous year. Factors associated with evidence of TB diagnostic evaluation among symptomatic PLHIV were assessed. RESULTS: Of 1020 patients included in the analysis, 995 (98%) were screened for TB at enrolment and 613 (62%) reported TB symptoms. Ninety-six (16%) patients with symptoms had evidence of referral for TB diagnostic evaluation, including patients at large clinics, those with advanced HIV disease and those reporting multiple TB symptoms. Among the 43 (45%) with documented evaluation results, 26 (60%) were diagnosed with TB. CONCLUSION: Although most PLHIV were screened for TB, very few underwent an evaluation, and the proportion diagnosed with TB was very low. Efforts to improve TB screening should focus on standardizing the intensified case finding algorithm and linkage to, and adequate infrastructure for, TB diagnostic evaluation. C1 [Burmen, B.] Kenya Med Res Inst KEMRI, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Kisumu, Kenya. [Burmen, B.; Cain, K.] KEMRI Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC Res & Publ Hl, Kisumu, Kenya. [Modi, S.; Cavanaugh, J. S.; McCarthy, K. D.; Alexander, H.] US CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Muttai, H.; Cain, K.] US CDC, Kisumu, Kenya. RP Burmen, B (reprint author), Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Busia Rd, Kisumu, Kenya. EM bburmen@kemricdc.org FU US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (Washington DC, USA) through the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [5U19GH000041] FX Funding for this study was provided by the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (Washington DC, USA) through the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, cooperative agreement No 5U19GH000041). NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 EI 1815-7920 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 20 IS 1 BP 79 EP U131 DI 10.5588/ijtld.15.0053 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA EE5ZJ UT WOS:000389687800014 PM 26688532 ER PT J AU Morgenthaler, TI Hashmi, S Croft, JB Dort, L Heald, JL Mullington, J AF Morgenthaler, Timothy I. Hashmi, Sarah Croft, Janet B. Dort, Leslie Heald, Jonathan L. Mullington, Janet TI High School Start Times and the Impact on High School Students: What We Know, and What We Hope to Learn SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL SLEEP MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE high school; sleep start time; timing ID ADOLESCENT SLEEP PATTERNS; UNITED-STATES; SOUTHEASTERN VIRGINIA; BLOOD-PRESSURE; HEALTHY SLEEP; CRASH RATES; DURATION; OUTCOMES; SAMPLE; US AB Study Objectives: Several organizations have provided recommendations to ensure high school starts no sooner than 08:30. However, although there are plausible biological reasons to support such recommendations, published recommendations have been based largely on expert opinion and a few observational studies. We sought to perform a critical review of published evidence regarding the effect of high school start times on sleep and other relevant outcomes. Methods: We performed a broad literature search to identify 287 candidate publications for inclusion in our review, which focused on studies offering direct comparison of sleep time, academic or physical performance, behavioral health measures, or motor vehicular accidents in high school students. Where possible, outcomes were combined for meta-analysis. Results: After application of study criteria, only 18 studies were suitable for review. Eight studies were amenable to meta-analysis for some outcomes. We found that later school start times, particularly when compared with start times more than 60 min earlier, are associated with longer weekday sleep durations, lower weekday-weekend sleep duration differences, reduced vehicular accident rates, and reduced subjective daytime sleepiness. Improvement in academic performance and behavioral issues is less established. Conclusions: The literature regarding effect of school start time delays on important aspects of high school life suggests some salutary effects, but often the evidence is indirect, imprecise, or derived from cohorts of convenience, making the overall quality of evidence weak or very weak. This review highlights a need for higher-quality data upon which to base important and complex public health decisions. C1 [Morgenthaler, Timothy I.] Mayo Clin, Ctr Sleep Med, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. [Hashmi, Sarah; Heald, Jonathan L.] Amer Acad Sleep Med, Darien, IL USA. [Croft, Janet B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dort, Leslie] Univ Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Mullington, Janet] Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Morgenthaler, TI (reprint author), Mayo Clin, Ctr Sleep Med, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. EM research@aasmnet.org FU American Academy of Sleep Medicine and Sleep Research Society; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [1U50DP004930-01] FX This was not an industry supported study. Funding for this project was provided by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and Sleep Research Society, and by cooperative agreement 1U50DP004930-01 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the CDC. The authors have indicated no financial conflicts of interest. Ms. Hashmi and Mr. Heald are both employed by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI DARIEN PA 2510 N FRONTAGE RD, DARIEN, IL 60561 USA SN 1550-9389 EI 1550-9397 J9 J CLIN SLEEP MED JI J. Clin. Sleep Med. PY 2016 VL 12 IS 12 BP 1681 EP 1689 DI 10.5664/jcsm.6358 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA EF0EK UT WOS:000389998300014 PM 27855730 ER PT J AU Gerding, J Kirshy, M Moran, JW Bialek, R Lamers, V Sarisky, J AF Gerding, Justin Kirshy, Micaela Moran, John W. Bialek, Ron Lamers, Vanessa Sarisky, John TI A Performance Management Initiative for Local Health Department Vector Control Programs SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH INSIGHTS LA English DT Article DE vector control; mosquito control; environmental health; performance management; performance assessment; quality improvement; performance standards ID SERVICES; VIRUS AB Local health department (LHD) vector control programs have experienced reductions in funding and capacity. Acknowledging this situation and its potential effect on the ability to respond to vector-borne diseases, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Public Health Foundation partnered on a performance management initiative for LHD vector control programs. The initiative involved 14 programs that conducted a performance assessment using the Environmental Public Health Performance Standards. The programs, assisted by quality improvement (QI) experts, used the assessment results to prioritize improvement areas that were addressed with QI projects intended to increase effectiveness and efficiency in the delivery of services such as responding to mosquito complaints and educating the public about vector-borne disease prevention. This article describes the initiative as a process LHD vector control programs may adapt to meet their performance management needs. This study also reviews aggregate performance assessment results and QI projects, which may reveal common aspects of LHD vector control program performance and priority improvement areas. LHD vector control programs interested in performance assessment and improvement may benefit from engaging in an approach similar to this performance management initiative. C1 [Gerding, Justin; Sarisky, John] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kirshy, Micaela; Moran, John W.; Bialek, Ron; Lamers, Vanessa] Publ Hlth Fdn, Washington, DC USA. RP Gerding, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM JGerding@cdc.gov NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIBERTAS ACAD PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 300-874, ALBANY 0752, AUCKLAND, 00000, NEW ZEALAND SN 1178-6302 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH INSIG JI Environ. Health Insights PY 2016 VL 10 BP 113 EP 118 DI 10.4137/EHI.S39805 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA EC1BY UT WOS:000387839700002 PM 27429555 ER PT J AU Reyes, HLM Foshee, VA Klevens, J Tharp, AT Chapman, MV Chen, MS Ennett, ST AF Reyes, H. Luz McNaughton Foshee, Vangie A. Klevens, Joanne Tharp, Andra Teten Chapman, Mimi V. Chen, May S. Ennett, Susan T. TI Familial Influences on Dating Violence Victimization Among Latino Youth SO JOURNAL OF AGGRESSION MALTREATMENT & TRAUMA LA English DT Article DE adolescent; family processes; Hispanic/Latino; teen dating violence ID MEXICAN-HERITAGE ADOLESCENTS; HIGH-SCHOOL-STUDENTS; SUBSTANCE USE; AMERICAN ADOLESCENTS; GENDER-DIFFERENCES; SOUTHWEST US; ACCULTURATION; BEHAVIOR; PREDICTORS; CONFLICT AB Despite theoretical and empirical evidence suggesting that the family environment plays a central role in Latino youth development, relatively little is known about how family processes influence dating violence victimization among Latino adolescents. To address this gap in the literature, we used data from 210 Latino parents and their 13- to 15-year-old adolescents to examine associations between several different family processes, including both parenting practices (parent monitoring, parent-adolescent communication) and aspects of the family relational climate (family cohesion, family conflict, acculturation conflict) and psychological, physical, and sexual dating violence victimization. Consistent with expectations, lower levels of family cohesion and higher levels of family and acculturation conflict were associated with risk for dating violence victimization, although associations varied depending on victimization type. In contrast, neither parental monitoring nor parent-adolescent communication was significantly associated with any type of dating violence victimization. In addition, we found that parent, but not teen, Anglo-American acculturation was associated with higher dating violence victimization risk. Findings suggest that family-based dating abuse prevention programs for Latino youth should seek to increase family cohesion and decrease family conflict, including acculturation-based conflict. C1 [Reyes, H. Luz McNaughton; Foshee, Vangie A.; Chen, May S.; Ennett, Susan T.] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Dept Hlth Behav, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, 319B Rosenau Hall CB 7440, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Klevens, Joanne; Tharp, Andra Teten] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chapman, Mimi V.] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Sch Social Work, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Reyes, HLM (reprint author), Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Dept Hlth Behav, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, 319B Rosenau Hall CB 7440, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM mcnaught@email.unc.edu FU CDC [1 R49 CE001495-01, 13IPA130569, 13IPA1303570] FX This study was funded by the CDC (1 R49 CE001495-01) and by an interpersonnel agency agreement between H. Luz McNaughton Reyes and the CDC (13IPA130569) and between Vangie A. Foshee and the CDC (13IPA1303570). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC. NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1092-6771 EI 1545-083X J9 J AGGRESS MALTREAT T JI J. Aggress. Maltreatment Trauma PY 2016 VL 25 IS 8 BP 773 EP 792 DI 10.1080/10926771.2016.1210270 PG 20 WC Psychology, Clinical; Criminology & Penology; Family Studies; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Criminology & Penology; Family Studies; Psychiatry GA ED4XP UT WOS:000388855600001 ER PT J AU Elliott, JC Stohl, M Aharonovich, E O'Leary, A Hasin, DS AF Elliott, Jennifer C. Stohl, Malka Aharonovich, Efrat O'Leary, Ann Hasin, Deborah S. TI Reasons for drinking as predictors of alcohol involvement one year later among HIV-infected individuals with and without hepatitis C SO ANNALS OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Alcohol; drinking; Hepatitis C; HIV; motives; reasons for drinking ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; INTERVIEW SCHEDULE AUDADIS; GENERAL-POPULATION SAMPLE; USE DISORDER; DSM-IV; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; FIBROSIS PROGRESSION; COINFECTED PATIENTS; TIMELINE METHOD; UNITED-STATES AB Introduction: Heavy drinking can be harmful for individuals with HIV, particularly those coinfected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). HIV patients' reasons for drinking predict short-term alcohol involvement, but whether they predict longer-term involvement is unknown. Also, it remains unknown whether these motives are differentially predictive for HIV monoinfected and HIV/HCV coinfected patients. Method: HIV-infected heavy drinkers (n=254) participated in a randomized trial of brief alcohol interventions, 236 (92.9%) of whom reported on baseline motives and alcohol involvement 12 months later (77.1% male, 94.9% minority, 30.6% with HCV). Results: Greater endorsement of baseline drinking to cope with negative affect predicted greater alcohol dependence symptoms at 12 months (incident rate ratio [IRR]=1.80, p<0.05), while greater endorsement of baseline drinking due to social pressure predicted fewer drinks consumed at 12 months (IRR=0.67, p<0.05). Coping and social reasons were both predictive for HIV monoinfected patients, whereas only coping reasons were predictive for HIV/HCV coinfected patients. Discussion: Drinking for coping and social reasons predict alcohol involvement 12 months later; however, social reasons may only be important for HIV monoinfected patients. Understanding patient reasons for drinking may help predict patient risk up to a year later. C1 [Elliott, Jennifer C.; Aharonovich, Efrat; Hasin, Deborah S.] Columbia Univ, Med Ctr, 1051 Riverside Dr,Box 123, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Elliott, Jennifer C.; Stohl, Malka; Aharonovich, Efrat; Hasin, Deborah S.] New York State Psychiat Inst & Hosp, New York, NY 10032 USA. [O'Leary, Ann] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hasin, Deborah S.] Columbia Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 1051 Riverside Dr,Box 123, New York, NY 10032 USA. RP Elliott, JC (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, New York State Psychiat Inst, 1051 Riverside Dr,Box 123, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM Jce2130@cumc.columbia.edu FU National Institutes of Health [K23AA023753, R01AA014323, R01AA023163, R01DA024606]; New York State Psychiatric Institute FX This study was funded by National Institutes of Health grants: K23AA023753 (Elliott), R01AA014323 (Hasin), R01AA023163 (Hasin), R01DA024606 (Aharonovich), and the New York State Psychiatric Institute (Hasin). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official positions of the National Institutes of Health or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0785-3890 EI 1365-2060 J9 ANN MED JI Ann. Med. PY 2016 VL 48 IS 8 BP 634 EP 640 DI 10.1080/07853890.2016.1206668 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ED7GR UT WOS:000389030900007 PM 27460482 ER PT J AU Guendelman, S Gemmill, A MacDonald, LA AF Guendelman, Sylvia Gemmill, Alison MacDonald, Leslie A. TI Biomechanical and organisational stressors and associations with employment withdrawal among pregnant workers: evidence and implications SO ERGONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Health risks; health and safety; physical fatigue; physical ergonomics; psychological stress; physical work capacity; biomechanical job stressors; employment withdrawal during pregnancy; strenuous work during pregnancy ID WORKING-CONDITIONS; PREVENTIVE MEASURES; MATERNITY LEAVE; WOMEN; RISK; POPULATION; DISORDERS; DELIVERY; BIRTH AB The distribution of exposure to biomechanical and organisational job stressors (BOJS) and associations with employment withdrawal (antenatal leave, unemployment) was examined in a case-control study of 1114 pregnant workers in California. We performed descriptive and multivariate logistic and multinomial regression analyses. At pregnancy onset, 57% were exposed to one or more biomechanical stressors, including frequent bending, heavy lifting and prolonged standing. One-third were simultaneously exposed to BOJS. Exposure to biomechanical stressors declined as pregnancy progressed and cessation often (41%) coincided with employment withdrawal (antenatal leave and unemployment). In multivariate modelling, whether we adjusted for or considered organisational stressors as coincident exposures, results showed that pregnant workers exposed to biomechanical stressors had increased employment withdrawal compared to the unexposed. Work schedule accommodations moderate this association. Paid antenatal leave, available to few US women, was an important strategy for mitigating exposure to BOJS. Implications for science and policy are discussed. Practitioner Summary: This case-control study showed that exposure to biomechanical stressors decline throughout pregnancy. Antenatal leave was an important strategy used for mitigating exposure among sampled California women with access to paid benefits. Employment withdrawal among workers exposed to BJOS may be reduced by proactive administrative and engineering efforts applied early in pregnancy. C1 [Guendelman, Sylvia] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Community Hlth & Human Dev, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Gemmill, Alison] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Demog, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [MacDonald, Leslie A.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Guendelman, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Community Hlth & Human Dev, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM sylviag@berkeley.edu FU Maternal and Child Health Bureau [R40-MC00305-01]; Institute for Research on Labor and Employment at the University of California at Berkeley FX This work was partially supported by The Maternal and Child Health Bureau (Award#R40-MC00305-01) and from the Institute for Research on Labor and Employment at the University of California at Berkeley. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0014-0139 EI 1366-5847 J9 ERGONOMICS JI Ergonomics PY 2016 VL 59 IS 12 BP 1613 EP 1624 DI 10.1080/00140139.2016.1157627 PG 12 WC Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, Applied; Psychology SC Engineering; Psychology GA ED1TO UT WOS:000388628000007 PM 27119569 ER PT J AU Vivolo-Kantor, AM Massetti, G Niolon, P Foshee, V McNaughton-Reyes, L AF Vivolo-Kantor, Alana M. Massetti, Greta Niolon, Phyllis Foshee, Vangie McNaughton-Reyes, Luz TI Relationship Characteristics Associated with Teen Dating Violence Perpetration SO JOURNAL OF AGGRESSION MALTREATMENT & TRAUMA LA English DT Article DE controlling dating violence perpetration; physical dating violence perpetration; teen dating relationship characteristics ID ROMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS; CLOSE RELATIONSHIPS; PARTNER VIOLENCE; RISK BEHAVIOR; SEXUAL RISK; ADOLESCENTS; RESPONSES; MODEL; DISSATISFACTION; VICTIMIZATION AB Teen dating violence (TDV) is unstable across dating relationships, suggesting that characteristics of the relationship could be related to TDV. Few empirical studies have examined these links. This study examined associations between relationship characteristics and TDV perpetration among teens and sex differences in those associations. Relationship characteristics examined include tactics used to manipulate partners, ways of responding to relationship problems, relationship duration, exclusivity of the relationship, age difference between partners, and history of sexual intercourse with partner. Data were drawn from 667 teens in a current relationship (62.5% female and 81.4% White) enrolled in the 11th or 12th grade in 14 public schools in a rural U.S. state. Bivariate and multivariable regression analyses examined proposed associations. A total of 30.1% and 8.2% of teens reported controlling and physical TDV perpetration, respectively. In multivariable models, frequent use of manipulation tactics increased risk for controlling or physical TDV perpetration. Teens dating a partner 2 or more years younger were at significantly increased risk for both controlling and physical perpetration. A significant interaction emerged between sex and exit or neglect accommodation for physical TDV. Characteristics of a current dating relationship play an important role in determining risk for controlling and physical TDV perpetration. C1 [Vivolo-Kantor, Alana M.; Massetti, Greta; Niolon, Phyllis] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway MS F-64, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Foshee, Vangie; McNaughton-Reyes, Luz] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Vivolo-Kantor, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway MS F-64, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM AVivoloKantor@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U81/CCU409964, 13IPA1303570, 13IPA130569] FX This study was supported by a grant from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U81/CCU409964) to Vangie Foshee, and interpersonnel agency agreements between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Vangie Foshee (13IPA1303570) and Luz McNaughton Reyes (13IPA130569). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1092-6771 EI 1545-083X J9 J AGGRESS MALTREAT T JI J. Aggress. Maltreatment Trauma PY 2016 VL 25 IS 9 BP 936 EP 954 DI 10.1080/10926771.2016.1223774 PG 19 WC Psychology, Clinical; Criminology & Penology; Family Studies; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Criminology & Penology; Family Studies; Psychiatry GA ED4YW UT WOS:000388859300004 ER PT J AU Gerding, DN File, TM McDonald, LC AF Gerding, Dale N. File, Thomas M., Jr. McDonald, L. Clifford TI Diagnosis and Treatment of Clostridium difficile Infection SO INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN CLINICAL PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE Clostridium difficile; CDI; diagnostic test; treatment AB Early and accurate diagnosis is essential for optimal treatment of individuals with Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) and for implementation of effective infection control procedures. The decision about which diagnostic test to use is an important one that should be based on test sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value. The challenges of CDI go beyond rapid identification and management of symptomatic patients. Asymptomatic carriage has long been suspected in C. difficile transmission, but it may play a larger role than previously thought. Emerging information also shows that patients treated for CDI remain colonized for many weeks after symptom resolution. In fact, stool culture positivity increases during the first weeks after treatment completion. Treatments that reduce the duration and degree of asymptomatic shedding could have added benefit for reduced transmission. C1 [Gerding, Dale N.] US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Hines, IL 60141 USA. [Gerding, Dale N.] Loyola Univ, Chicago Stritch Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [File, Thomas M., Jr.] Summa Hlth Syst, Div Infect Dis, Akron, OH 44304 USA. [File, Thomas M., Jr.] Northeast Ohio Med Univ, Infect Dis Sect, Rootstown, OH USA. [McDonald, L. Clifford] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP File, TM (reprint author), Summa Hlth Syst, Div Infect Dis, 75Arch St,Suite 506, Akron, OH 44304 USA. EM FileT@summahealth.org NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1056-9103 EI 1536-9943 J9 INFECT DIS CLIN PRAC JI Infect. Dis. Clin. Pract. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 24 IS 1 BP 3 EP 10 DI 10.1097/IPC.0000000000000350 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DA5CU UT WOS:000367820600002 ER PT J AU Racsa, LD Willis, B Lockhart, SR Kraft, CS AF Racsa, Lori D. Willis, Brian Lockhart, Shawn R. Kraft, Colleen S. TI Bloodstream Infection Caused by Mucor velutinosus SO INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN CLINICAL PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE blood; mold; Mucor; Mucorales AB A 74-year-old man with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was admitted to our institution for chemotherapy treatment. He developed a neutropenic fever, and blood cultures were drawn. After 48 hours from the time of draw, 2 of 2 blood culture bottles flagged positive. Thin, septate hyphae were seen on Gram stain of both blood culture bottles. In 1 day, gray fluffy mold began growing on chocolate agar plates from both of the positive bottles. A tease prep revealed a Mucorales sporangiophore. The specimen was sent out for further identification, and sequencing identified the mold as Mucor velutinosus. C1 [Racsa, Lori D.; Willis, Brian; Kraft, Colleen S.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Lockhart, Shawn R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kraft, CS (reprint author), Emory Univ Hosp, F145C 1364 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM colleen.kraft@emory.edu NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1056-9103 EI 1536-9943 J9 INFECT DIS CLIN PRAC JI Infect. Dis. Clin. Pract. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 24 IS 1 BP e3 EP e4 DI 10.1097/IPC.0000000000000290 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA DA5CY UT WOS:000367821000002 ER PT S AU Hamelin, EI Blake, TA Perez, JW Crow, BS Shaner, RL Coleman, RM Johnson, RC AF Hamelin, Elizabeth I. Blake, Thomas A. Perez, Jonas W. Crow, Brian S. Shaner, Rebecca L. Coleman, Rebecca M. Johnson, Rudolph C. BE Cullum, BM Kiehl, D McLamore, ES TI Bridging the Gap between Sample Collection and Laboratory Analysis: Using Dried Blood Spots to Identify Human Exposure to Chemical Agents SO SMART BIOMEDICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL SENSOR TECHNOLOGY XIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Smart Biomedical and Physiological Sensor Technology XIII CY APR 18-19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE AB Public health response to large scale chemical emergencies presents logistical challenges for sample collection, transport, and analysis. Diagnostic methods used to identify and determine exposure to chemical warfare agents, toxins, and poisons traditionally involve blood collection by phlebotomists, cold transport of biomedical samples, and costly sample preparation techniques. Use of dried blood spots, which consist of dried blood on an FDA-approved substrate, can increase analyte stability, decrease infection hazard for those handling samples, greatly reduce the cost of shipping/storing samples by removing the need for refrigeration and cold chain transportation, and be self-prepared by potentially exposed individuals using a simple finger prick and blood spot compatible paper. Our laboratory has developed clinical assays to detect human exposures to nerve agents through the analysis of specific protein adducts and metabolites, for which a simple extraction from a dried blood spot is sufficient for removing matrix interferents and attaining sensitivities on par with traditional sampling methods. The use of dried blood spots can bridge the gap between the laboratory and the field allowing for large scale sample collection with minimal impact on hospital resources while maintaining sensitivity, specificity, traceability, and quality requirements for both clinical and forensic applications. C1 [Hamelin, Elizabeth I.; Blake, Thomas A.; Perez, Jonas W.; Crow, Brian S.; Shaner, Rebecca L.; Coleman, Rebecca M.; Johnson, Rudolph C.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Hamelin, EI (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. OI Blake, Thomas/0000-0001-8536-9998 NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0104-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9863 AR UNSP 98630P DI 10.1117/12.2223796 PG 9 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BG2WU UT WOS:000387732700018 ER PT J AU Perla, PP AF Perla, Peter P. BE Harrigan, P Kirschenbaum, MG TI OPERATIONS RESEARCH, SYSTEMS ANALYSIS, AND WARGAMING: RIDING THE CYCLE OF RESEARCH SO ZONES OF CONTROL: PERSPECTIVES ON WARGAMING SE Game Histories LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Perla, Peter P.] Ctr Naval Anal, Arlington, VA 22201 USA. [Perla, Peter P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Perla, Peter P.] US Dept HHS, Washington, DC 20201 USA. [Perla, Peter P.] US Armys Training & Doctrine Command, Ft Eustis, VA 23604 USA. RP Perla, PP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA.; Perla, PP (reprint author), US Dept HHS, Washington, DC 20201 USA.; Perla, PP (reprint author), US Armys Training & Doctrine Command, Ft Eustis, VA 23604 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MIT PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA FIVE CAMBRIDGE CENTER, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 USA BN 978-0-262-03399-2 J9 GAME HIST PY 2016 BP 159 EP 182 PG 24 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Management; Operations Research & Management Science; Political Science SC Computer Science; Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science; Government & Law GA BG3RG UT WOS:000388166000018 ER PT B AU Shah, SR Morse, SA Calfee, MW Ryan, SP AF Shah, Sanjiv R. Morse, Stephen A. Calfee, Michael W. Ryan, Shawn P. BE Salem, H Katz, SA TI Bacillus anthracis: An Aerobiological Threat SO AEROBIOLOGY: THE TOXICOLOGY OF AIRBORNE PATHOGENS AND TOXINS SE Issues in Toxicology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID QUANTITATIVE 3-STEP METHOD; HUMID AIR DECONTAMINATION; AEROSOL CHALLENGE MODEL; LUNG EPITHELIAL-CELLS; AL HAKAM SPORES; INHALATIONAL ANTHRAX; CEREUS-GROUP; UNITED-STATES; CUTANEOUS ANTHRAX; PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN C1 [Shah, Sanjiv R.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Morse, Stephen A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Calfee, Michael W.; Ryan, Shawn P.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. RP Shah, SR (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM shah.sanjiv@epa.gov NR 268 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84973-791-3; 978-1-84973-594-0 J9 ISSUES TOXICOL PY 2016 VL 25 BP 248 EP 299 D2 10.1039/9781849737913 PG 52 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Toxicology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Toxicology GA BG3NS UT WOS:000388089900008 ER PT B AU Vasilakis, N Lambert, A MacLachlan, NJ Brault, AC AF Vasilakis, Nikos Lambert, Amy MacLachlan, N. James Brault, Aaron C. BE Vasilakis, N Gubler, DJ TI Genomic Organization of Arboviral Families SO ARBOVIRUSES: MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, EVOLUTION AND CONTROL LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; SEMLIKI-FOREST-VIRUS; YELLOW-FEVER VIRUS; NONSTRUCTURAL PROTEIN NS1; OPAL TERMINATION CODON; M-SEGMENT REASSORTMENT; 3'-TERMINAL STEM-LOOP; TRACT-BINDING PROTEIN; 3 UNTRANSLATED REGION AB Arboviruses (arthropod-borne viruses) are represented almost exclusively by viruses comprising RNA genomes for which a number of genomic organization and replication strategies have been observed. Herein, we have reviewed six viral families that constitute the majority of arboviruses transmissible to humans and livestock including: alphaviruses (Togaviridae), flaviviruses (Flaviviridae), rhabdoviruses (Rhabdoviridae), bunyaviruses (Bunyaviridae), reoviruses (Reoviridae) and orthomyxoviruses (Orthomyxoviridae). Descriptions of the overall genomic architecture, viral proteins and replicative strategies have been included and serve to compare and contrast the breadth of variation that can be observed among these diverse groups of viruses that are transmitted by arthropod vectors. This diversity indicates the likelihood of convergence of disparate viral groups for arthropod transmission yet such a comparison can serve to highlight conserved genetic strategies between dipartite viruses for elucidation of the evolutionary pressures imposed by the necessity for replication in both vertebrate and invertebrate hosts. C1 [Vasilakis, Nikos] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Pathol, Ctr Biodef & Emerging Infect Dis, Ctr Trop Dis, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Vasilakis, Nikos] Univ Texas Med Branch, Inst Human Infect & Immun, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Lambert, Amy; Brault, Aaron C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging, Zoonot Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. [MacLachlan, N. James] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Pathol Microbiol & Immunol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Vasilakis, N (reprint author), Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Pathol, Ctr Biodef & Emerging Infect Dis, Ctr Trop Dis, Galveston, TX 77555 USA.; Vasilakis, N (reprint author), Univ Texas Med Branch, Inst Human Infect & Immun, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. EM nivasila@utmb.edu; ahk7@cdc.gov; njmaclachlan@ucdavis.edu; zlu5@cdc.gov NR 221 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAISTER ACADEMIC PRESS PI WYMONDHAM PA 32 HEWITTS LANE, WYMONDHAM NR 18 0JA, ENGLAND BN 978-1-910190-21-0 PY 2016 BP 31 EP 44 PG 14 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA BG3MP UT WOS:000388046300003 ER PT B AU Lambert, AJ Lanciotti, RS AF Lambert, Amy J. Lanciotti, Robert S. BE Vasilakis, N Gubler, DJ TI Laboratory Diagnosis of Arboviruses SO ARBOVIRUSES: MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, EVOLUTION AND CONTROL LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; MEDIATED ISOTHERMAL AMPLIFICATION; YELLOW-FEVER-VIRUS; SEQUENCE-BASED AMPLIFICATION; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; ANTIGEN CAPTURE ELISA; EQUINE ENCEPHALITIS VIRUSES; FIELD-COLLECTED MOSQUITOS; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-G AVIDITY; TRANSCRIPTASE-PCR ASSAY AB In recent years, there have been significant advances in the international capability for the diagnosis of arboviral infections. These advances have predominantly occurred in the field of nucleic acid-based diagnosis; driven by a growing diversity of highly transferable and relatively affordable molecular assays. These comparatively newly described molecular assays complement standard serological assays that continue to be applied preferentially in many laboratories for the detection of arboviral antibodies. In addition to nucleic acid-based and serological efforts, virus isolation remains the standard for arboviral diagnosis and is undertaken most often in cell culture. Here, we summarize a variety of classical and newly developed methods for arboviral diagnosis, including both serological and virus detection techniques. The utility of these approaches for application to human clinical and ecological samples in both diagnostic and research settings is discussed. C1 [Lambert, Amy J.; Lanciotti, Robert S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging, Zoonot Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Lambert, AJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging, Zoonot Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM ahk7@cdc.gov; rsl2@cdc.gov NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU CAISTER ACADEMIC PRESS PI WYMONDHAM PA 32 HEWITTS LANE, WYMONDHAM NR 18 0JA, ENGLAND BN 978-1-910190-21-0 PY 2016 BP 271 EP 279 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA BG3MP UT WOS:000388046300015 ER PT B AU Siddiqui, R Ali, IKM Cope, JR Khan, NA AF Siddiqui, Ruqaiyyah Ali, Ibne Karim M. Cope, Jennifer R. Khan, Naveed Ahmed BA Siddiqui, R Ali, IKM Cope, JR Khan, NA BF Siddiqui, R Ali, IKM Cope, JR Khan, NA TI Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis SO BRAIN-EATING AMOEBAE: BIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS OF NAEGLERIA FOWLERI LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FREE-LIVING AMEBAS; PATHOGENIC NAEGLERIA-FOWLERI; REAL-TIME PCR; BACILLUS-LICHENIFORMIS M-4; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; THYMIDINE KINASE-ACTIVITY; EMBRYO-CELL CULTURES; GROUP-I INTRONS; INTERNAL TRANSCRIBED SPACERS; ARTIFICIALLY HEATED WATERS AB Since the discovery of N. fowleri several decades ago, major efforts have failed to prevent and successfully treat primary amoebic meningoencephalitis. It is considered as one of the most aggressive parasitic infections, that almost always leads to death within a few days. The clinical course is dramatic exhibiting headache, stiff neck, seizures, coma, and death. The trophozoite enters the nose via contaminated water or dust, travels along the olfactory neuroepithelial route to reach the central nervous system and to provoke haemorrhagic necrosis. With the devastating nature of this disease and problems associated with its chemotherapy, here we describe the clinical features, pathophysiology and risk factors associated with primary amoebic meningoencephalitis. C1 [Siddiqui, Ruqaiyyah; Khan, Naveed Ahmed] Sunway Univ, Selangor, Malaysia. [Ali, Ibne Karim M.; Cope, Jennifer R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Siddiqui, R (reprint author), Sunway Univ, Selangor, Malaysia. NR 594 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAISTER ACADEMIC PRESS PI WYMONDHAM PA 32 HEWITTS LANE, WYMONDHAM NR 18 0JA, ENGLAND BN 978-1-910190-53-1 PY 2016 BP 15 EP + PG 69 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA BG3AU UT WOS:000387831800001 ER PT B AU Siddiqui, R Ali, IKM Cope, JR Khan, NA AF Siddiqui, Ruqaiyyah Ali, Ibne Karim M. Cope, Jennifer R. Khan, Naveed Ahmed BA Siddiqui, R Ali, IKM Cope, JR Khan, NA BF Siddiqui, R Ali, IKM Cope, JR Khan, NA TI Clinical and Laboratory Diagnosis SO BRAIN-EATING AMOEBAE: BIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS OF NAEGLERIA FOWLERI LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB As the clinical course of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis is rapid, prompt detection of amoebae is crucial to increase the likelihood of patient survival by initiating early treatment. In general, due to non-specific and overlapping signs and symptoms of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis with those of bacterial or viral meningitis, and the rarity of N. fowleri infections, most primary amoebic meningoencephalitis cases are diagnosed retrospectively, i.e., during the autopsy examination of brain tissues. However, in live patients, primary amoebic meningoencephalitis is commonly diagnosed through microscopic examination of cerebrospinal fluid specimens. It is time critical to diagnose primary amoebic meningoencephalitis and begin empiric antimicrobial therapy. The diagnosis of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis depends on clinical features together with microscopic and/or molecular identification of the parasites in the cerebrospinal fluid specimens. This overview presents the diagnostic approach to primary amoebic meningoencephalitis. C1 [Siddiqui, Ruqaiyyah; Khan, Naveed Ahmed] Sunway Univ, Selangor, Malaysia. [Ali, Ibne Karim M.; Cope, Jennifer R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Siddiqui, R (reprint author), Sunway Univ, Selangor, Malaysia. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAISTER ACADEMIC PRESS PI WYMONDHAM PA 32 HEWITTS LANE, WYMONDHAM NR 18 0JA, ENGLAND BN 978-1-910190-53-1 PY 2016 BP 27 EP 44 PG 18 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA BG3AU UT WOS:000387831800002 ER PT B AU Siddiqui, R Ali, IKM Cope, JR Khan, NA AF Siddiqui, Ruqaiyyah Ali, Ibne Karim M. Cope, Jennifer R. Khan, Naveed Ahmed BA Siddiqui, R Ali, IKM Cope, JR Khan, NA BF Siddiqui, R Ali, IKM Cope, JR Khan, NA TI Chemotherapeutic and Disinfection Strategies SO BRAIN-EATING AMOEBAE: BIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS OF NAEGLERIA FOWLERI LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB While it is fortunate that primary amoebic meningoencephalitis is a rare disease, its rarity makes rigorous studies to find the most effective treatment difficult. The majority of studies rely on in vitro laboratory testing, mouse models of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis, and the few case reports of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis survivors to inform treatment recommendations for primary amoebic meningoencephalitis. In addition, the acquisition of drug resistance is a constant threat due to challenges in developing novel drugs. This chapter will present current treatment recommendations based on recent survivor case reports followed by a discussion of the drugs, treatment interventions used, promising new therapies and disinfection strategies. C1 [Siddiqui, Ruqaiyyah; Khan, Naveed Ahmed] Sunway Univ, Selangor, Malaysia. [Ali, Ibne Karim M.; Cope, Jennifer R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Siddiqui, R (reprint author), Sunway Univ, Selangor, Malaysia. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAISTER ACADEMIC PRESS PI WYMONDHAM PA 32 HEWITTS LANE, WYMONDHAM NR 18 0JA, ENGLAND BN 978-1-910190-53-1 PY 2016 BP 45 EP 61 PG 17 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA BG3AU UT WOS:000387831800003 ER PT B AU Siddiqui, R Ali, IKM Cope, JR Khan, NA AF Siddiqui, Ruqaiyyah Ali, Ibne Karim M. Cope, Jennifer R. Khan, Naveed Ahmed BA Siddiqui, R Ali, IKM Cope, JR Khan, NA BF Siddiqui, R Ali, IKM Cope, JR Khan, NA TI Pathogenesis SO BRAIN-EATING AMOEBAE: BIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS OF NAEGLERIA FOWLERI LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis usually occurs after the inhalation of water containing amoebae or flagellates. It also has been suggested that inhaling cysts, during dusts storms, for example, could lead to infection. Amoeba penetrate the nasal mucosa and the cribiform plate and travel along the olfactory nerves to the brain. Amoebae first invade the olfactory bulbs and then spread to the more posterior regions of the brain. Within the brain they provoke inflammation and cause extensive damage to the tissue. In view of the devastating nature of N. fowleri infection and the problems associated with successful prognosis, here we describe current understanding of the pathogenesis of primary amoebic men ingoencephalitis, as well as factors that affect virulence of N. fowleri, with an eye to identify potential therapeutic targets. C1 [Siddiqui, Ruqaiyyah; Khan, Naveed Ahmed] Sunway Univ, Selangor, Malaysia. [Ali, Ibne Karim M.; Cope, Jennifer R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Siddiqui, R (reprint author), Sunway Univ, Selangor, Malaysia. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAISTER ACADEMIC PRESS PI WYMONDHAM PA 32 HEWITTS LANE, WYMONDHAM NR 18 0JA, ENGLAND BN 978-1-910190-53-1 PY 2016 BP 63 EP 81 PG 19 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA BG3AU UT WOS:000387831800004 ER PT B AU Siddiqui, R Ali, IKM Cope, JR Khan, NA AF Siddiqui, Ruqaiyyah Ali, Ibne Karim M. Cope, Jennifer R. Khan, Naveed Ahmed BA Siddiqui, R Ali, IKM Cope, JR Khan, NA BF Siddiqui, R Ali, IKM Cope, JR Khan, NA TI The Host-Damage Response to N. fowleri SO BRAIN-EATING AMOEBAE: BIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS OF NAEGLERIA FOWLERI LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis is a product of N. fowleri virulence factors and collateral damage from the host immune responses. Immune-mediated host damage is particularly important within the central nervous system, where the immune responses may exacerbate cerebral oedema and neurological damage, leading to coma and death. Given the challenges associated with the availability of effective antimicrobial chemotherapy, here we discuss existing knowledge of the role of immune response to N. fowleri. Consideration of the underlying mechanisms of host responses can provide critical insights into host damage that can be exploited to develop adjunctive therapies to improve disease outcome. C1 [Siddiqui, Ruqaiyyah; Khan, Naveed Ahmed] Sunway Univ, Selangor, Malaysia. [Ali, Ibne Karim M.; Cope, Jennifer R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Siddiqui, R (reprint author), Sunway Univ, Selangor, Malaysia. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAISTER ACADEMIC PRESS PI WYMONDHAM PA 32 HEWITTS LANE, WYMONDHAM NR 18 0JA, ENGLAND BN 978-1-910190-53-1 PY 2016 BP 83 EP 100 PG 18 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA BG3AU UT WOS:000387831800005 ER PT B AU Siddiqui, R Ali, IKM Cope, JR Khan, NA AF Siddiqui, Ruqaiyyah Ali, Ibne Karim M. Cope, Jennifer R. Khan, Naveed Ahmed BA Siddiqui, R Ali, IKM Cope, JR Khan, NA BF Siddiqui, R Ali, IKM Cope, JR Khan, NA TI Cell Biology and Speciation SO BRAIN-EATING AMOEBAE: BIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS OF NAEGLERIA FOWLERI LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB N. fowleri is a free-living opportunistic protist. Although the ability of N. fowleri to produce infection of the central nervous system has gained significant attention as an important human pathogen, producing fatal primary amoebic meningoencephalitis; however, it also has a fascinating biology exhibiting three life forms, and may play an important role in the ecosystem. The study of the cell and molecular biology of ancestral eukaryotic single-celled protists such as Naegleria, can provide fundamental insight of molecular pathways that evolved in multicellular organisms, as well as understanding of the causal relationships between genotype and phenotype. C1 [Siddiqui, Ruqaiyyah; Khan, Naveed Ahmed] Sunway Univ, Selangor, Malaysia. [Ali, Ibne Karim M.; Cope, Jennifer R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Siddiqui, R (reprint author), Sunway Univ, Selangor, Malaysia. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAISTER ACADEMIC PRESS PI WYMONDHAM PA 32 HEWITTS LANE, WYMONDHAM NR 18 0JA, ENGLAND BN 978-1-910190-53-1 PY 2016 BP 101 EP 125 PG 25 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA BG3AU UT WOS:000387831800006 ER PT B AU Siddiqui, R Ali, IKM Cope, JR Khan, NA AF Siddiqui, Ruqaiyyah Ali, Ibne Karim M. Cope, Jennifer R. Khan, Naveed Ahmed BA Siddiqui, R Ali, IKM Cope, JR Khan, NA BF Siddiqui, R Ali, IKM Cope, JR Khan, NA TI Cellular Differentiation in N. fowleri SO BRAIN-EATING AMOEBAE: BIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS OF NAEGLERIA FOWLERI LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB N. fowleri has a fascinating biology and exhibits three life forms. It reproduces in the amoeboid form, transforms into a flagellate to travel long distance to search for food, and switches into a dormant cyst to withstand harsh conditions. As a flagellate, it is a useful model organism to study motility processes of flagellates; as an amoeba, it is a useful model to study molecular biology of phagocytosis; and its ability to transform into cysts that remain viable for months to years, makes it an attractive model to study cellular differentiation processes of cell dormancy. In this chapter, we discuss the present knowledge of cellular differentiation processes in N. fowleri and associated factors. C1 [Siddiqui, Ruqaiyyah; Khan, Naveed Ahmed] Sunway Univ, Selangor, Malaysia. [Ali, Ibne Karim M.; Cope, Jennifer R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Siddiqui, R (reprint author), Sunway Univ, Selangor, Malaysia. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAISTER ACADEMIC PRESS PI WYMONDHAM PA 32 HEWITTS LANE, WYMONDHAM NR 18 0JA, ENGLAND BN 978-1-910190-53-1 PY 2016 BP 127 EP 151 PG 25 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA BG3AU UT WOS:000387831800007 ER PT B AU Siddiqui, R Ali, IKM Cope, JR Khan, NA AF Siddiqui, Ruqaiyyah Ali, Ibne Karim M. Cope, Jennifer R. Khan, Naveed Ahmed BA Siddiqui, R Ali, IKM Cope, JR Khan, NA BF Siddiqui, R Ali, IKM Cope, JR Khan, NA TI Growth and Life Cycle SO BRAIN-EATING AMOEBAE: BIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS OF NAEGLERIA FOWLERI LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB N. fowleri belongs to the genus Naegleria, family Vahlkampfiidae in the class Heterolobosea. It is a free-living protist that feeds mostly on bacteria. N. fowleri has a simple life cycle that includes asexual reproduction by binary fission; however its ability to respond to changing environments and remain viable is both complex and intriguing. While there are invasive free living stages, proliferation and differentiation are highly regulated events. Here, we describe the present knowledge of aspects of the pathogen's life cycle, and factors associated with influencing its growth. C1 [Siddiqui, Ruqaiyyah; Khan, Naveed Ahmed] Sunway Univ, Selangor, Malaysia. [Ali, Ibne Karim M.; Cope, Jennifer R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Siddiqui, R (reprint author), Sunway Univ, Selangor, Malaysia. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAISTER ACADEMIC PRESS PI WYMONDHAM PA 32 HEWITTS LANE, WYMONDHAM NR 18 0JA, ENGLAND BN 978-1-910190-53-1 PY 2016 BP 153 EP 160 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA BG3AU UT WOS:000387831800008 ER PT B AU Siddiqui, R Ali, IKM Cope, JR Khan, NA AF Siddiqui, Ruqaiyyah Ali, Ibne Karim M. Cope, Jennifer R. Khan, Naveed Ahmed BA Siddiqui, R Ali, IKM Cope, JR Khan, NA BF Siddiqui, R Ali, IKM Cope, JR Khan, NA TI Ecology SO BRAIN-EATING AMOEBAE: BIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS OF NAEGLERIA FOWLERI LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB The knowledge of the ecology of N. fowleri, its environmental niches, the effect of climate change or thermal pollution, or the role of man-made environments such as recreational waters, on the growth and distribution of amoebae abundance in the environment is critical to our understanding of its biology, as well as to develop preventative measures and create public awareness. To this end, N. fowleri is ubiquitous. It has been isolated from diverse natural environments including soil, water, and air, as well as man-made environments, and human tissues. Here, we summarize the distribution of N. fowleri in various environments. C1 [Siddiqui, Ruqaiyyah; Khan, Naveed Ahmed] Sunway Univ, Selangor, Malaysia. [Ali, Ibne Karim M.; Cope, Jennifer R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Siddiqui, R (reprint author), Sunway Univ, Selangor, Malaysia. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAISTER ACADEMIC PRESS PI WYMONDHAM PA 32 HEWITTS LANE, WYMONDHAM NR 18 0JA, ENGLAND BN 978-1-910190-53-1 PY 2016 BP 161 EP 172 PG 12 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA BG3AU UT WOS:000387831800009 ER PT B AU Siddiqui, R Ali, IKM Cope, JR Khan, NA AF Siddiqui, Ruqaiyyah Ali, Ibne Karim M. Cope, Jennifer R. Khan, Naveed Ahmed BA Siddiqui, R Ali, IKM Cope, JR Khan, NA BF Siddiqui, R Ali, IKM Cope, JR Khan, NA TI War of the Microbial Worlds SO BRAIN-EATING AMOEBAE: BIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS OF NAEGLERIA FOWLERI LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB N. fowleri harbours microbial organisms including viruses, and bacteria, some of which are potential pathogens. The precise nature of this symbiosis is not clear, but it is suggested that such interactions enable pathogenic microbes to survive hostile conditions and this association can lead to their transmission to susceptible hosts to establish infection. In this context, Naegleria can act as vehicles for the multiplication and dispersal of pathogenic microbes as well as providing shelter for such bacteria from antibiotic and disinfection treatments. These findings suggest that employing anti-amoebic approaches in eradicating bacterial pathogens may be an effective strategy to counter threat from both Naegleria as well as bacterial pathogens. For example, Naegleria-Legionella interactions have gained significant attention by the scientific and the medical community. C1 [Siddiqui, Ruqaiyyah; Khan, Naveed Ahmed] Sunway Univ, Selangor, Malaysia. [Ali, Ibne Karim M.; Cope, Jennifer R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Siddiqui, R (reprint author), Sunway Univ, Selangor, Malaysia. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAISTER ACADEMIC PRESS PI WYMONDHAM PA 32 HEWITTS LANE, WYMONDHAM NR 18 0JA, ENGLAND BN 978-1-910190-53-1 PY 2016 BP 173 EP 181 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA BG3AU UT WOS:000387831800010 ER PT B AU Siddiqui, R Ali, IKM Cope, JR Khan, NA AF Siddiqui, Ruqaiyyah Ali, Ibne Karim M. Cope, Jennifer R. Khan, Naveed Ahmed BA Siddiqui, R Ali, IKM Cope, JR Khan, NA BF Siddiqui, R Ali, IKM Cope, JR Khan, NA TI Conclusions and Future Studies SO BRAIN-EATING AMOEBAE: BIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS OF NAEGLERIA FOWLERI LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter AB The diagnosis of N. fowleri infections is not straightforward and treatment is problematic. Further research is needed for prevention, pathogenesis and therapy and in particular for the development of rapid, cost-effective, and non-invasive assays for early diagnosis. Moreover, epidemiology studies are needed to determine the true burden of N. fowleri infection, both in humans and animals, and whether disease patterns differ around the world. There is a need to determine the effect of environmental factors, demographic factors, socioeconomic factors, in the spread, transmission, and prevalence of the parasite, as well as host susceptibility in contracting N. fowleri infection. The precise molecular mechanisms underlying N. fowleri pathogenesis and the role of inflammation and immune response need to be elucidated, as well as the understanding of mechanisms of flagellation, encystation, excystation, and associated metabolic pathways. In addition, there is a need for improvement of educational efforts to raise awareness among the public as well as the medical community (neurologists, physicians) of this devastating infection. C1 [Siddiqui, Ruqaiyyah; Khan, Naveed Ahmed] Sunway Univ, Selangor, Malaysia. [Ali, Ibne Karim M.; Cope, Jennifer R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Siddiqui, R (reprint author), Sunway Univ, Selangor, Malaysia. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAISTER ACADEMIC PRESS PI WYMONDHAM PA 32 HEWITTS LANE, WYMONDHAM NR 18 0JA, ENGLAND BN 978-1-910190-53-1 PY 2016 BP 183 EP 192 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA BG3AU UT WOS:000387831800011 ER PT J AU Pinkerton, LE Hein, MJ Anderson, JL Little, MP Sigurdson, AJ Schubauer-Berigan, MK AF Pinkerton, Lynne E. Hein, Misty J. Anderson, Jeri L. Little, Mark P. Sigurdson, Alice J. Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K. TI Breast cancer incidence among female flight attendants: exposure-response analyses SO SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF WORK ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH LA English DT Article DE airline attendant; circadian rhythm disruption; cohort study; cosmic ionizing radiation ID CIRCADIAN-RHYTHM DISRUPTION; AIRLINE CABIN ATTENDANTS; COSMIC-RADIATION; BOMB SURVIVORS; RISK; COHORT; METAANALYSIS; ICELAND; CREW AB Objective The aim of this study was to examine the association of breast cancer incidence with cosmic radiation dose and circadian rhythm disruption in a cohort of 6093 US female flight attendants. Methods The association of breast cancer risk with cumulative cosmic radiation dose, time spent working during the standard sleep interval, and time zones crossed (all lagged by ten years), adjusted for non-occupational breast cancer risk factors, was evaluated using Cox regression. Individual exposure estimates were derived from work history data and domicile-and era-specific exposure estimates. Breast cancers were identified from telephone interviews and state cancer registries, and covariate data were obtained from telephone interviews. Results Breast cancer incidence in the overall cohort was not associated with exposure. Positive associations in breast cancer incidence were observed with all three exposures only among the 884 women with parity of >= 3. Adjusted excess relative risks for women with parity of >= 3 were 1.6 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.14-6.6], 0.99 (95% CI -0.04-4.3), and 1.5 (95% CI 0.14-6.2) per 10 mGy, per 2000 hours spent working in the standard sleep interval, and per 4600 time zones crossed (the approximate means of the fourth exposure quintiles among breast cancer cases), respectively. Conclusions Positive exposure-response relations, although observed only in a small subset of the cohort, were robust. Future studies of breast cancer incidence among other workers with circadian rhythm disruption should assess interaction with parity to see if our findings are confirmed. C1 [Pinkerton, Lynne E.; Anderson, Jeri L.; Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K.] NIOSH, Industrywide Studies Branch, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, 1090 Tusculum Ave,R-15, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Hein, Misty J.] CACI Inc, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Little, Mark P.; Sigurdson, Alice J.] NCI, Radiat Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Pinkerton, LE (reprint author), NIOSH, Industrywide Studies Branch, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, 1090 Tusculum Ave,R-15, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM lep5@cdc.gov FU National Cancer Institute; Office of Women's Health of the US Department of Health and Human Services; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health FX The study was funded, in part, by an interagency agreement with the National Cancer Institute and by the Office of Women's Health of the US Department of Health and Human Services. The research was also supported in part by the intramural research programs of the Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL WORK ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH PI HELSINKI PA TOPELIUKSENKATU 41A, SF-00250 HELSINKI, FINLAND SN 0355-3140 EI 1795-990X J9 SCAND J WORK ENV HEA JI Scand. J. Work Environ. Health PY 2016 VL 42 IS 6 BP 538 EP 546 DI 10.5271/sjweh.3586 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA EB6AR UT WOS:000387463400010 PM 27551752 ER PT J AU Yen, C Healy, K Tate, JE Parashar, UD Bines, J Neuzil, K Santosham, M Steele, AD AF Yen, Catherine Healy, Kelly Tate, Jacqueline E. Parashar, Umesh D. Bines, Julie Neuzil, Kathleen Santosham, Mathuram Steele, A. Duncan TI Rotavirus vaccination and intussusception - Science, surveillance, and safety: A review of evidence and recommendations for future research priorities in low and middle income countries SO HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS LA English DT Review DE infants; intussusception; rotavirus; rotavirus vaccine; vaccine ID UNITED-STATES; IMMUNIZATION PROGRAM; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; US INFANTS; CHILDREN; RISK; VACCINES; GASTROENTERITIS; PENTAVALENT; DIARRHEA AB As of January 2016, 80 countries have introduced rotavirus vaccines into their national immunization programs. Many have documented significant declines in rotavirus-specific and all-cause diarrheal illnesses following vaccine introduction. Two globally licensed rotavirus vaccines have been associated with a low risk of intussusception in several studies. In July 2014, the Rotavirus Organization of Technical Allies Council convened a meeting of research and advocacy organizations, public health experts, funders, and vaccine manufacturers to discuss post-marketing intussusception surveillance and rotavirus vaccine impact data. Meeting objectives were to evaluate updated data, identify and prioritize research gaps, discuss best practices for intussusception monitoring in lower-income settings and risk communication, and provide insight to country-level stakeholders on best practices for intussusception monitoring and communication. Meeting participants agreed with statements from expert bodies that the benefits of vaccination with currently available rotavirus vaccines outweigh the low risk of vaccination-associated intussusception. However, further research is needed to better understand the relationship of intussusception to wild-type rotavirus and rotavirus vaccines and delineate potential etiologies and mechanisms of intussusception. Additionally, evidence from research and post-licensure evaluations should be presented with evidence of the benefits of vaccination to best inform policymakers deciding on vaccine introduction or vaccination program sustainability. C1 [Yen, Catherine; Tate, Jacqueline E.; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Healy, Kelly; Santosham, Mathuram] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Bines, Julie] Univ Melbourne, Murdoch Childrens Res Inst, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Neuzil, Kathleen] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Steele, A. Duncan] Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn, Enter & Diarrhoeal Dis, Global Hlth, Seattle, WA 98102 USA. RP Steele, AD (reprint author), Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn, Enter Vaccines Enter & Diarrheal Dis, Global Hlth, POB 23350, Seattle, WA 98102 USA. EM duncan.steel@gatesfoundation.org FU Victorian Government Operational Infrastructure Support Program FX We would like to thank all meeting participants, particularly the following individuals for their presentations and review of this report: Remon Abu-Elyazeed, Narendra K. Arora, Margaret E. Conner, Maria Elkin, Roger Glass, Michelle Goveia, Harry Greenberg, Jacob John, Hope Johnson, Marc Laforce, Margaret Rennels, Debora Sandiford, Molly Sauer, Mandeep Singh Dhingra, Trina Stout, Rose Weeks, Marietta Vazquez, and Melinda Wharton. Murdoch Childrens Research Institute is supported by a Victorian Government Operational Infrastructure Support Program. NR 74 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 2164-5515 EI 2164-554X J9 HUM VACC IMMUNOTHER JI Human Vaccines Immunother. PY 2016 VL 12 IS 10 BP 2580 EP 2589 DI 10.1080/21645515.2016.1197452 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology GA EA5QX UT WOS:000386678200015 PM 27322835 ER PT J AU Vo, E Zhuang, ZQ Birch, E Birch, Q AF Vo, Evanly Zhuang, Ziqing Birch, Eileen Birch, Quinn TI Application of direct-reading and elemental carbon analysis methods to measure mass-based penetration of carbon nanotubes through elastomeric half-face and filtering facepiece respirators SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EXPOSURE; FILTRATION; AEROSOL; SYSTEM; MEDIA; SIZE AB The aim of this study was to apply a direct-reading aerosol instrument method and an elemental carbon (EC) analysis method to measure the mass-based penetration of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) through elastomeric half-mask respirators (EHRs) and filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs). For the direct-reading aerosol instrument method, two scanning mobility particle sizer/aerodynamic particle sizer systems were used to simultaneously determine the upstream (outside respirator) and downstream (inside respirator) test aerosols. For the EC analysis method, upstream and downstream CNTs were collected on filter cassettes and then analyzed using a thermal-optical technique. CNT mass penetrations were found in both methods to be within the associated efficiency requirements for each type and class of the respirator models that were tested. Generally, the penetrations of SWCNTs and MWCNTs had a similar trend with penetration being the highest for the N95 EHRs, followed by N95 FFRs, P100 EHRs, and P100 FFRs. This trend held true for both methods; however, the CNT penetration determined by the direct-reading aerosol instrument method (0.009-1.09% for SWCNTs and 0.005-0.21% for MWCNTs) was greater relative to the penetration values found through EC analysis method (0.007-0.69% for SWCNTs and 0.004-0.13% for MWCNTs). The results of this study illustrate considerations for how the methods can be used to evaluate penetration of morphologically complex materials through FFRs and EHRs. C1 [Vo, Evanly; Zhuang, Ziqing] NIOSH, Natl Personal Protect Technol Lab, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Birch, Eileen; Birch, Quinn] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Vo, E (reprint author), NIOSH, Natl Personal Protect Technol Lab, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM Eav8@cdc.gov FU NIOSH Nanotechnology Research Center (NTRC) FX This study was partially supported by the NIOSH Nanotechnology Research Center (NTRC). The findings and conclusions in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Mention of company names or products does not constitute endorsement by NIOSH. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0278-6826 EI 1521-7388 J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH JI Aerosol Sci. Technol. PY 2016 VL 50 IS 10 BP 1044 EP 1054 DI 10.1080/02786826.2016.1216519 PG 11 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DZ9PJ UT WOS:000386209700004 ER PT B AU Zhao, D Peng, H Bao, S Nobukawa, K LeBlanc, DJ Pan, CS AF Zhao, D. Peng, H. Bao, S. Nobukawa, K. LeBlanc, D. J. Pan, C. S. BE Rosenberger, M Plochl, M Six, K Edelmann, J TI Accelerated evaluation of automated vehicles using extracted naturalistic driving data SO DYNAMICS OF VEHICLES ON ROADS AND TRACKS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th Symposium of the International-Association-for-Vehicle-System-Dynamics (IAVSD) CY AUG 17-21, 2015 CL Graz, AUSTRIA SP Int Assoc Vehicle Syst Dynam, Graz Univ Technol, Vienna Univ Technol, Magna Steyr & Magna Powertrain, AVL, Siemens ID DRIVER MODEL AB It is important to rigorously and comprehensively evaluate the safety performance of Automated Vehicles before they are produced and deployed. Under naturalistic driving conditions, field operational tests and simulations may take a long time to finish, because of the low exposure to safety-critical scenarios. In this paper, we propose an accelerated evaluation approach. Statistics of the motion of the primary other vehicle (POV) were built using extracted naturalistic driving data then modified to present higher risk interactions. Two surrogate automated vehicles obtained from observed production vehicle behaviors were evaluated in car-following scenarios. Results show that the proposed method can accelerate the evaluation process by 5 orders of magnitude. C1 [Zhao, D.; Peng, H.] Univ Michigan, Dept Mech Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Bao, S.; Nobukawa, K.; LeBlanc, D. J.] Univ Michigan, Transportat Res Inst, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Pan, C. S.] NIOSH, Div Safety Res, CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Zhao, D (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Mech Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4987-7702-5; 978-1-138-02885-2 PY 2016 BP 287 EP 296 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA BF9PB UT WOS:000385792300031 ER PT J AU Palmiero, AJ Symons, D Morgan, JW Shaffer, RE AF Palmiero, Andrew J. Symons, Daniel Morgan, Judge W., III Shaffer, Ronald E. TI Speech intelligibility assessment of protective facemasks and air-purifying respirators SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE Communication; facemask; healthcare; respiratory protection; speech intelligibility ID HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; NOISE; UNIT AB Speech Intelligibility (SI) is the perceived quality of sound transmission. In healthcare settings, the ability to communicate clearly with coworkers, patients, etc., is crucial to quality patient care and safety. The objectives of this study were to: (1) assess the suitability of the Speech Transmission Index (STI) methods for testing reusable and disposable facial and respiratory personal protective equipment (protective facemasks [PF], N95 filtering facepiece respirators [N95 FFR], and elastomeric half-mask air-purifying respirators [EAPR]) commonly worn by healthcare workers; (2) quantify STI levels of these devices; and (3) contribute to the scientific body of knowledge in the area of SI. SI was assessed using the STI under two experimental conditions: (1) a modified version of the National Fire Protection Association 1981 Supplementary Voice Communications System Performance Test at a Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) of -15 (66 dBA) and (2) STI measurements utilizing a range of modified pink noise levels (52.5 dBA (-2 SNR) -72.5 dBA (+7 SNR)) in 5.0 dBA increments. The PF models (Kimberly Clark 49214 and 3 M 1818) had the least effect on SI interference, typically deviating fromthe STI baseline (no-mask condition) by 3% and 4% STI, respectively. The N95FFR (3 M 1870, 3 M 1860) had more effect on SI interference, typically differing from baseline by 13% and 17%, respectively, for models tested. The EAPR models (Scott Xcel and North 5500) had the most significant impact on SI, differing from baseline by 42% for models tested. This data offers insight into the performance of these apparatus with respect to STI and may serve as a reference point for future respirator design considerations, standards development, testing and certification activities. C1 [Palmiero, Andrew J.; Shaffer, Ronald E.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, NPPTL, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Symons, Daniel; Morgan, Judge W., III] Scott Safety Inc, Monroe, NC USA. RP Palmiero, AJ (reprint author), 626 Cochrans Mill Rd,B 106, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM gtb.@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 EI 1545-9632 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PY 2016 VL 13 IS 12 BP 960 EP 968 DI 10.1080/15459624.2016.1200723 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA EA1ZE UT WOS:000386390000007 PM 27362358 ER PT J AU Calfee, MW Tufts, J Meyer, K McConkey, K Mickelsen, L Rose, L Dowell, C Delaney, L Weber, A Morse, S Chaitram, J Gray, M AF Calfee, M. Worth Tufts, Jenia Meyer, Kathryn McConkey, Katrina Mickelsen, Leroy Rose, Laura Dowell, Chad Delaney, Lisa Weber, Angela Morse, Stephen Chaitram, Jasmine Gray, Marshall TI Evaluation of standardized sample collection, packaging, and decontamination procedures to assess cross-contamination potential during Bacillus anthracis incident response operations SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE Bacillus anthracis; cross-contamination; decontamination; sampling ID INHALATIONAL ANTHRAX; NONPOROUS SURFACES; UNITED-STATES; SPORES; BIOTERRORISM; EFFICACY; FOMITES; EFFICIENCY; EXPOSURE; RECOVERY AB Sample collection procedures and primary receptacle (sample container and bag) decontamination methods should prevent contaminant transfer between contaminated and non-contaminated surfaces and areas during bio-incident operations. Cross-contamination of personnel, equipment, or sample containers may result in the exfiltration of biological agent from the exclusion (hot) zone and have unintended negative consequences on response resources, activities and outcomes. The current study was designed to: (1) evaluate currently recommended sample collection and packaging procedures to identify procedural steps that may increase the likelihood of spore exfiltration or contaminant transfer; (2) evaluate the efficacy of currently recommended primary receptacle decontamination procedures; and (3) evaluate the efficacy of outer packaging decontamination methods. Wet-and dry-deposited fluorescent tracer powder was used in contaminant transfer tests to qualitatively evaluate the currently-recommended sample collection procedures. Bacillus atrophaeus spores, a surrogate for Bacillus anthracis, were used to evaluate the efficacy of spray-and wipe-based decontamination procedures. Both decontamination procedures were quantitatively evaluated on three types of sample packaging materials (corrugated fiberboard, polystyrene foam, and polyethylene plastic), and two contamination mechanisms (wet or dry inoculums). Contaminant transfer results suggested that size-appropriate gloves should be worn by personnel, templates should not be taped to or removed from surfaces, and primary receptacles should be selected carefully. The decontamination tests indicated that wipe-based decontamination procedures may be more effective than spray-based procedures; efficacy was not influenced by material type but was affected by the inoculation method. Incomplete surface decontamination was observed in all tests with dry inoculums. This study provides a foundation for optimizing current B. anthracis response procedures to minimize contaminant exfiltration. C1 [Calfee, M. Worth; Gray, Marshall] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Tufts, Jenia; Meyer, Kathryn] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [McConkey, Katrina] Booz Allen Hamilton, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Mickelsen, Leroy] US EPA, CBRN Consequence Management Advisory Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Rose, Laura] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dowell, Chad; Delaney, Lisa; Weber, Angela] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Emergency Preparedness & Response Off, Atlanta, GA USA. [Morse, Stephen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Foodborne & Waterborne Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chaitram, Jasmine] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Calfee, MW (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM Calfee.worth@epa.gov FU Research Participation Program for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development FX This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and EPA. NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 EI 1545-9632 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PY 2016 VL 13 IS 12 BP 980 EP 992 DI 10.1080/15459624.2016.1200725 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA EA1ZE UT WOS:000386390000009 PM 27362274 ER PT J AU Farcas, MT Kisin, ER Menas, AL Gutkin, DW Star, A Reiner, RS Yanamala, N Savolainen, K Shvedova, AA AF Farcas, Mariana T. Kisin, Elena R. Menas, Autumn L. Gutkin, Dmitriy W. Star, Alexander Reiner, Richard S. Yanamala, Naveena Savolainen, Kai Shvedova, Anna A. TI Pulmonary exposure to cellulose nanocrystals caused deleterious effects to reproductive system in male mice SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES LA English DT Article ID RICH DIESEL EXHAUST; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; MALE GENITAL-TRACT; OXIDATIVE STRESS; MALE-INFERTILITY; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; SEMINAL PLASMA; SEMEN QUALITY; ENGINEERED NANOMATERIALS; ANTIOXIDANT SYSTEM AB Over the past several years there has been an increased number of applications of cellulosic materials in many sectors, including the food industry, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. However, to date, there are few studies investigating the potential adverse effects of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC). The objective of this study was to determine long-term outcomes on the male reproductive system of mice upon repeated pharyngeal aspiration exposure to CNC. To achieve this, cauda epididymal sperm samples were analyzed for sperm concentration, motility, morphological abnormalities, and DNA damage. Testicular and epididymal oxidative damage was evaluated, as well as histopathology examination of testes. In addition, changes in levels of testosterone in testes and serum and of luteinizing hormone (LH) in serum were determined. Three months after the last administration, CNC exposure significantly altered sperm concentration, motility, cell morphology, and sperm DNA integrity. These parameters correlated with elevated proinflammatory cytokines levels and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in testes, as well as oxidative stress in both testes and epididymis. Exposure to CNC also produced damage to testicular structure, as evidenced by presence of interstitial edema, frequent dystrophic seminiferous tubules with arrested spermatogenesis and degenerating spermatocytes, and imbalance in levels of testosterone and LH. Taken together, these results demonstrate that pulmonary exposure to CNC induces sustained adverse effects in spermatocytes/spermatozoa, suggesting male reproductive toxicity. C1 [Farcas, Mariana T.; Kisin, Elena R.; Menas, Autumn L.; Yanamala, Naveena; Shvedova, Anna A.] NIOSH, Exposure Assessment Branch, CDC, Morgantown, WV USA. [Gutkin, Dmitriy W.] Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Star, Alexander] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Reiner, Richard S.] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [Savolainen, Kai] Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Helsinki, Finland. [Shvedova, Anna A.] WVU, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, Sch Med, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Shvedova, AA (reprint author), Exposure Assessment Branch, MS-3030,1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM ats1@cdc.gov FU NIH [R01ES019304]; NTRC [939011K]; EC-FP-7-NANOSOLUTIONS FX This work was supported by NIH R01ES019304, NTRC 939011K, and EC-FP-7-NANOSOLUTIONS. NR 67 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1528-7394 EI 1087-2620 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A PY 2016 VL 79 IS 21 BP 984 EP 997 DI 10.1080/15287394.2016.1211045 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA DZ7LP UT WOS:000386047400004 PM 27558875 ER PT S AU Peltonen, LM Topaz, M Ronquillo, C Pruinelli, L Sarmiento, RF Badger, MK Ali, S Lewis, A Georgsson, M Jeon, E Tayaben, JL Kuo, CH Islam, T Sommer, J Jung, HG Eler, GJ Alhuwail, D AF Peltonen, Laura-Maria Topaz, Maxim Ronquillo, Charlene Pruinelli, Lisiane Sarmiento, Raymond Francis Badger, Martha K. Ali, Samira Lewis, Adrienne Georgsson, Mattias Jeon, Eunjoo Tayaben, Jude L. Kuo, Chiu-Hsiang Islam, Tasneem Sommer, Janine Jung, Hyunggu Eler, Gabrielle Jacklin Alhuwail, Dari BE Sermeus, W Procter, PM Weber, P TI Nursing Informatics Research Priorities for the Future: Recommendations from an International Survey SO NURSING INFORMATICS 2016: EHEALTH FOR ALL: EVERY LEVEL COLLABORATION - FROM PROJECT TO REALIZATION SE Studies in Health Technology and Informatics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Nursing Informatics CY JUN 25-29, 2016 CL Geneva, SWITZERLAND DE nursing informatics; future trends; big data; standard terminologies; informatics competencies ID STANDARDS; SUPPORT AB We present one part of the results of an international survey exploring current and future nursing informatics (NI) research trends. The study was conducted by the International Medical Informatics Association Nursing Informatics Special Interest Group (IMIA-NISIG) Student Working Group. Based on findings from this cross-sectional study, we identified future NI research priorities. We used snowball sampling technique to reach respondents from academia and practice. Data were collected between August and September 2015. Altogether, 373 responses from 44 countries were analyzed. The identified top ten NI trends were big data science, standardized terminologies (clinical evaluation/implementation), education and competencies, clinical decision support, mobile health, usability, patient safety, data exchange and interoperability, patient engagement, and clinical quality measures. Acknowledging these research priorities can enhance successful future development of NI to better support clinicians and promote health internationally. C1 [Peltonen, Laura-Maria] Univ Turku, Nursing Sci, Turku, Finland. [Peltonen, Laura-Maria] Turku Univ Hosp, Turku, Finland. [Topaz, Maxim] Harvard Med Sch, Boston, MA USA. [Topaz, Maxim] Brigham & Womens Hosp, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Ronquillo, Charlene] Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Pruinelli, Lisiane] Univ Minnesota, Sch Nursing, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Sarmiento, Raymond Francis] NIOSH, US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Badger, Martha K.] Univ Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Ali, Samira] Carlow Univ, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Georgsson, Mattias] Blekinge Inst Technol, Fac Comp, Karlskrona, Sweden. [Jeon, Eunjoo] Seoul Natl Univ, Coll Nursing, Seoul, South Korea. [Tayaben, Jude L.] Benguet State Univ, Coll Nursing, La Trinidad, Benguet, Philippines. [Kuo, Chiu-Hsiang] Tzu Chi Univ Sci & Technol, Hualien, Taiwan. [Islam, Tasneem] Deakin Univ, Geelong, Vic 3217, Australia. [Sommer, Janine] Hosp Italiano Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Jung, Hyunggu] Univ Washington, Biomed & Hlth Informat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Eler, Gabrielle Jacklin] Inst Fed Parana IFPR, Londrina, Brazil. [Alhuwail, Dari] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Coll Engn & Informat Technol, Dept Informat Syst, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. RP Peltonen, LM (reprint author), Univ Turku, Nursing Sci, Turku, Finland.; Peltonen, LM (reprint author), Turku Univ Hosp, Turku, Finland. EM laura-maria.peltonen@utu.fi RI Eler, Gabrielle Jacklin/C-9696-2015 OI Eler, Gabrielle Jacklin/0000-0001-9906-1265 NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOS PRESS PI AMSTERDAM PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-9630 BN 978-1-61499-658-3; 978-1-61499-657-6 J9 STUD HEALTH TECHNOL PY 2016 VL 225 BP 222 EP 226 DI 10.3233/978-1-61499-658-3-222 PG 5 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Medical Informatics; Nursing SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medical Informatics; Nursing GA BF8WX UT WOS:000385238600044 PM 27332195 ER PT S AU Peltonen, LM Alhuwail, D Ali, S Badger, MK Eler, GJ Georgsson, M Islam, T Jeon, E Jung, H Kuo, CH Lewis, A Pruinelli, L Ronquillo, C Sarmiento, RF Sommer, J Tayaben, JL Topaz, M AF Peltonen, Laura-Maria Alhuwail, Dari Ali, Samira Badger, Martha K. Eler, Gabrielle Jacklin Georgsson, Mattias Islam, Tasneem Jeon, Eunjoo Jung, Hyunggu Kuo, Chiu-Hsiang Lewis, Adrienne Pruinelli, Lisiane Ronquillo, Charlene Sarmiento, Raymond Francis Sommer, Janine Tayaben, Jude L. Topaz, Maxim BE Sermeus, W Procter, PM Weber, P TI Current Trends in Nursing Informatics: Results of an International Survey SO NURSING INFORMATICS 2016: EHEALTH FOR ALL: EVERY LEVEL COLLABORATION - FROM PROJECT TO REALIZATION SE Studies in Health Technology and Informatics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Nursing Informatics CY JUN 25-29, 2016 CL Geneva, SWITZERLAND DE nursing; informatics; research trends; research priorities; international survey AB Nursing informatics (NI) can help provide effective and safe healthcare. This study aimed to describe current research trends in NI. In the summer 2015, the IMIA-NI Students Working Group created and distributed an online international survey of the current NI trends. A total of 402 responses were submitted from 44 countries. We identified a top five NI research areas: standardized terminologies, mobile health, clinical decision support, patient safety and big data research. NI research funding was considered to be difficult to acquire by the respondents. Overall, current NI research on education, clinical practice, administration and theory is still scarce, with theory being the least common. Further research is needed to explain the impact of these trends and the needs from clinical practice. C1 [Peltonen, Laura-Maria] Univ Turku, SF-20500 Turku, Finland. [Alhuwail, Dari] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD USA. [Ali, Samira] Carlow Univ, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Badger, Martha K.] Univ Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Eler, Gabrielle Jacklin] Inst Fed Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. [Georgsson, Mattias] Blekinge Inst Technol, Karlskrona, Sweden. [Islam, Tasneem] Deakin Univ, Geelong, Vic 3217, Australia. [Jeon, Eunjoo] Seoul Natl Univ, Seoul 151, South Korea. [Jung, Hyunggu] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Kuo, Chiu-Hsiang] Tzu Chi Univ Sci & Technol, Hualien, Taiwan. [Pruinelli, Lisiane] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Ronquillo, Charlene] Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Sarmiento, Raymond Francis] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sommer, Janine] Hosp Italiano Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Tayaben, Jude L.] Benguet State Univ, La Trinidad, Philippines. [Topaz, Maxim] Harvard Med Sch, Boston, MA USA. [Topaz, Maxim] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Peltonen, LM (reprint author), 20014 Univ Turku, Dept Nursing Sci, Turku, Finland. EM laura-maria.peltonen@utu.fi RI Eler, Gabrielle Jacklin/C-9696-2015 OI Eler, Gabrielle Jacklin/0000-0001-9906-1265 NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOS PRESS PI AMSTERDAM PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-9630 BN 978-1-61499-658-3; 978-1-61499-657-6 J9 STUD HEALTH TECHNOL PY 2016 VL 225 BP 938 EP 939 DI 10.3233/978-1-61499-658-3-938 PG 2 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Medical Informatics; Nursing SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medical Informatics; Nursing GA BF8WX UT WOS:000385238600260 PM 27332419 ER PT J AU Armstrong, HL Steiner, RJ Jayne, PE Beltran, O AF Armstrong, Heather L. Steiner, Riley J. Jayne, Paula E. Beltran, Oscar TI Individual-level protective factors for sexual health outcomes among sexual minority youth: a systematic review of the literature SO SEXUAL HEALTH LA English DT Review DE adolescents; condom use; health promotion; young men who have sex with men ID AFRICAN-AMERICAN MEN; COMING-OUT PROCESS; HIV-RISK BEHAVIOR; YOUNG MEN; BISEXUAL MEN; REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH; UNITED-STATES; SELF-ESTEEM; HIGH-SCHOOL; CONDOM USE AB Although factors associated with negative sexual health outcomes among sexual minority youth (SMY) have been well documented, protective factors have been less studied. This review summarises the current state of science on individual-level protective factors for SMY and identifies gaps to inform future research. A systematic search of nonintervention, empirical peer-reviewed research was conducted. Articles that examined an a priori-identified individual-level protective factor and at least one sexual health outcome in a sample or subsample of SMY aged 10-24 years in Western, industrialised countries were eligible for inclusion. A total of 21 articles that reported data from 13 unique studies met inclusion criteria. Only two studies described findings for young sexual minority women and thus the literature synthesis was limited to studies reporting on young men who have sex with men (YMSM) in the USA. A total of 11 individual-level protective factors were examined. Subjective peer norms and attitudes about condom use were repeatedly protective in cross-sectional analyses. Findings related to self-efficacy, self-esteem and clear and positive identity were more mixed. The findings of this review suggest that attitudes and subjective peer norms related to condom use are promising intervention targets for YMSM. There is a need, however, for longitudinal research to confirm these protective effects and to consider them among other SMY. Moreover, protective factors related to skills and competencies have been insufficiently studied among SMY. Addressing these gaps will help develop a robust body of evidence to inform interventions. C1 [Armstrong, Heather L.; Beltran, Oscar] CDC Fdn, 55 Pk Pl,Suite 400, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Steiner, Riley J.; Jayne, Paula E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd MS E-75, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Steiner, RJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd MS E-75, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM rsteiner@cdc.gov FU Arcus Foundation FX This research has been supported by a grant from the Arcus Foundation awarded to the CDC Foundation. The authors would like to thank Lisa C. Barrios, Michelle M. Johns, and Nicole Liddon for their contributions to this study. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1448-5028 EI 1449-8987 J9 SEX HEALTH JI Sex Health PY 2016 VL 13 IS 4 BP 311 EP 327 DI 10.1071/SH15200 PG 17 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DY7DP UT WOS:000385290000002 ER PT J AU Graham, CB Pilgard, MA Maes, SE Hojgaard, A Eisen, RJ AF Graham, Christine B. Pilgard, Mark A. Maes, Sarah E. Hojgaard, Andrias Eisen, Rebecca J. TI Paired real-time PCR assays for detection of Borrelia miyamotoi in North American Ixodes scapularis and Ixodes pacificus (Acari: Ixodidae) SO TICKS AND TICK-BORNE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Borrelia miyamotoi; Ixodes scapularis; Ixodes pacificus; Tick-borne disease; Real-time PCR ID RELAPSING FEVER SPIROCHETE; BURGDORFERI SENSU-LATO; UNITED-STATES; LYME-DISEASE; TICKS; PREVALENCE; INFECTION; MENINGOENCEPHALITIS; DIFFERENTIATION; RESERVOIRS AB Borrelia miyamotoi is an emerging, tick-borne human pathogen. In North America, it is primarily associated with Ixodes scapularis and Ixodes pacificus, two species known to bite humans. Here we describe the development and evaluation of a pair of real-time TaqMan PCR assays designed to detect B. miyamotoi in North American ticks. We sought to achieve sensitivity to B. miyamotoi strains associated with ticks throughout North America, the full genetic diversity of which is unknown, by targeting sequences that are largely conserved between B. miyamotoi strains from the eastern United States and genetically distinct B. miyamotoi strains from Japan. The two assays target different loci on the B. miyamotoi chromosome and can be run side by side under identical cycling conditions. One of the assays also includes a tick DNA target that can be used to verify the integrity of tick-derived samples. Using both recombinant plasmid controls and genomic DNA from North American and Japanese strains, we determined that both assays reliably detect as few as 5 copies of the B. miyamotoi genome. We verified that neither detects B. burgdorferi, B. lonestari or B. turicatae. This sensitive and specific pair of assays successfully detected B. miyamotoi in naturally-infected, colony-reared nymphs and in field-collected I. scapularis and L pacificus from the Northeast and the Pacific Northwest respectively. These assays will be useful in screening field-collected Ixodes spp. from varied regions of North America to assess the risk of human exposure to this emerging pathogen. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 [Graham, Christine B.; Pilgard, Mark A.; Maes, Sarah E.; Hojgaard, Andrias; Eisen, Rebecca J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Graham, CB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM hyb4@cdc.gov NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1877-959X EI 1877-9603 J9 TICKS TICK-BORNE DIS JI Ticks Tick-Borne Dis. PY 2016 VL 7 IS 6 BP 1230 EP 1235 DI 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2016.07.009 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Parasitology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Parasitology GA DZ1MP UT WOS:000385602800028 PM 27475875 ER PT J AU Khatri-Chhetri, R Wang, HC Chen, CC Shih, HC Liao, HC Sun, CM Khatri-Chhetri, N Wu, HY Pei, KJC AF Khatri-Chhetri, Rupak Wang, Hsi-Chieh Chen, Chen-Chih Shih, Han -Chun Liao, Hsien-Chun Sun, Ching-Min Khatri-Chhetri, Nabin Wu, Hung-Yi Pei, Kurtis Jai-Chyi TI Surveillance of ticks and associated pathogens in free-ranging Formosan pangolins (Manis pentadactyla pentadactyla) SO TICKS AND TICK-BORNE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Chinese pangolins; Ticks; Tick-borne pathogens; Taiwan ID RICKETTSIA SPP. INFECTIONS; MOLECULAR-DETECTION; EHRLICHIA-CANIS; BORNE DISEASES; ACARI; DOGS; WILDLIFE; IXODIDAE; TAIWAN; CHINA AB Chinese pangolins are critically endangered insectivorous mammals distributed in several South and Southeast Asian countries. In recent years, there has been an increase in spread of tick-borne diseases in both humans and animals worldwide. Currently, limited information is available on ticks and associated pathogens infesting pangolins. The objective of the present study was to survey ticks and associated pathogens in the Formosan pangolin population in Southeastern Taiwan. Free-ranging Formosan pangolins captured during ecological survey were examined for the presence of ticks. DNA extracted from these ticks was used to identify the tick species and also to detect the tick-borne pathogens, by molecular methods. In the present study, we found 25% (13/52) of pangolins captured during 2012-2014 infested with ixodid ticks. A total of 21 ticks were collected and 3 species were identified: Haemaphysalis hystricis (14/21), Haemaphysalis formosensis (2/21) and Amblyomma testudinarium (5/21). We detected four different tick-borne pathogens, where one was identical to Anaplasma sp. strain An.H1446 while others showed close resemblance to Rickettsia conorii subsp. caspia A-167, Ehrlichia sp. TC251-2 and Cytauxzoon spp., respectively. The present study is the first survey of ticks infesting the free-ranging Chinese pangolins and pathogens harboured by these ticks. This information is important to know the diversity of ticks and tick-borne pathogens, and its conservation significance to pangolins and other sympatric wildlife. Important future step should be regular surveillance of ticks and tick-borne diseases at human-domestic animals-wildlife interface, which can provide a useful insight into the dynamics of these pathogens and can help control and prevent outbreak of zoonoses. (C) 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 [Khatri-Chhetri, Rupak; Khatri-Chhetri, Nabin; Wu, Hung-Yi] Natl Pingtung Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Vet Med, Coll Vet Med, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan. [Wang, Hsi-Chieh; Shih, Han -Chun; Liao, Hsien-Chun] Ctr Dis Control, Diagnost & Vaccine Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Chen, Chen-Chih; Pei, Kurtis Jai-Chyi] Natl Pingtung Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Vet Med, Inst Wildlife Conservat, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan. [Sun, Ching-Min] Natl Pingtung Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Agr, Inst Bioresources, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan. [Pei, Kurtis Jai-Chyi] Natl Pingtung Univ Sci & Technol, Pingtung Rescue Ctr Endangered Wild Anim, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan. RP Wu, HY (reprint author), Natl Pingtung Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Vet Med, Coll Vet Med, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan.; Pei, KJC (reprint author), Natl Pingtung Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Vet Med, Inst Wildlife Conservat, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan. EM wuhy@mail.npust.edu.tw; kcjpei@mail.npust.edu.tw FU Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan [NSC 101-2621-M-020-006, NSC 102-2621-M-020-004]; Taiwan Forestry Bureau [102 Forest Management-1.1-Conservation-11 (5)] FX The authors would like to thank the assistants from the Bunnun tribe of Taitung County (A-Yun and A-May) as well as the staffs and veterinarians of the PTRC who provided assistance during the study period. Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan, formerly National Science Council (Grant numbers: NSC 101-2621-M-020-006 and NSC 102-2621-M-020-004) and Taiwan Forestry Bureau [Grant number: 102 Forest Management-1.1-Conservation-11 (5)] provided fund for the "Pangolin Biology and Ecology Project". The permit numbers from Taiwan Forestry Bureau for this research are: 0980129850, 0991616024, 1011701139, and 1031700176. NR 71 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1877-959X EI 1877-9603 J9 TICKS TICK-BORNE DIS JI Ticks Tick-Borne Dis. PY 2016 VL 7 IS 6 BP 1238 EP 1244 DI 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2016.07.007 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Parasitology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Parasitology GA DZ1MP UT WOS:000385602800030 PM 27426438 ER PT J AU Shults, RA Banerjee, T Perry, T AF Shults, Ruth A. Banerjee, Tanima Perry, Timothy TI Who's not driving among US high school seniors: A closer look at race/ethnicity, socioeconomic factors, and driving status SO TRAFFIC INJURY PREVENTION LA English DT Article DE Young drivers; epidemiology; graduated licensing; adolescent; motor vehicles ID FULLY CONDITIONAL SPECIFICATION; UNITED-STATES; LICENSING POLICIES; NATIONAL-SURVEY; DRIVER; TRENDS; TEENAGERS; RISK; IMPUTATION; DEATHS AB Objectives: We examined associations among race/ethnicity, socioeconomic factors, and driving status in a nationally representative sample of >26,000 U.S. high school seniors.Methods: Weighted data from the 2012 and 2013 Monitoring the Future surveys were combined and analyzed. We imputed missing values using fully conditional specification multiple imputation methods. Multivariate logistic regression modeling was conducted to explore associations among race/ethnicity, socioeconomic factors, and driving status, while accounting for selected student behaviors and location. Lastly, odds ratios were converted to prevalence ratios.Results: 23% of high school seniors did not drive during an average week; 14% of white students were nondrivers compared to 40% of black students. Multivariate analysis revealed that minority students were 1.8 to 2.5times more likely to be nondrivers than their white counterparts, and students who had no earned income were 2.8times more likely to be nondrivers than those earning an average of $36 a week. Driving status also varied considerably by student academic performance, number of parents in the household, parental education, census region, and urbanicity.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that resourcesboth financial and timeinfluence when or whether a teen will learn to drive. Many young people from minority or lower socioeconomic families who learn to drive may be doing so after their 18th birthday and therefore would not take advantage of the safety benefits provided by graduated driver licensing. Innovative approaches may be needed to improve safety for these young novice drivers. C1 [Shults, Ruth A.] Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Banerjee, Tanima] Univ Michigan, Sch Nursing, Off Res & Global Affairs, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Perry, Timothy] Univ Michigan, Inst Social Res, Ann Arbor, MI USA. RP Shults, RA (reprint author), Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM rshults@cdc.gov NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1538-9588 EI 1538-957X J9 TRAFFIC INJ PREV JI Traffic Inj. Prev. PY 2016 VL 17 IS 8 BP 803 EP 809 DI 10.1080/15389588.2016.1161761 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Transportation SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Transportation GA DZ0GT UT WOS:000385516300005 PM 27064697 ER PT J AU Villar-Loubet, O Weiss, SM Marks, G O'Daniels, C Jones, D Metsch, LR McLellan-Lemal, E AF Villar-Loubet, Olga Weiss, Stephen M. Marks, Gary O'Daniels, Christine Jones, Deborah Metsch, Lisa R. McLellan-Lemal, Eleanor TI Social and psychological correlates of unprotected anal intercourse among Hispanic-American women: implications for STI/HIV prevention SO CULTURE HEALTH & SEXUALITY LA English DT Article DE Sexual relationship power; HIV knowledge; Hispanic women; anal sex; USA ID SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; FEMALE DRUG-USERS; CONDOM USE; SELF-EFFICACY; HIV RISK; COLLEGE-STUDENTS; SEXUAL-BEHAVIOR; ACCULTURATION; POWER; POPULATION AB Heterosexual anal intercourse is associated with increased risk for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. Research on the social and psychological risk factors associated with heterosexual unprotected anal intercourse among Hispanic women in the USA is limited. We examined demographic, mental health, relationship power, sexual self-efficacy, self-esteem, acculturation and HIV knowledge as correlates of unprotected anal intercourse among 514 HIV-negative Hispanic women, 18 to 59years of age, residing in one urban county in southern Florida. In both unadjusted and adjusted results, the likelihood of engaging in unprotected anal intercourse was associated with food insecurity in the past 30days (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.57, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03, 2.40) and more interpersonal power attributed to the male partner (AOR=1.63, 95%CI 1.08, 2.45). Not significant, yet of possible importance, were ever having engaged in exchange sex (AOR=1.96, 95%CI=0.97, 3.98) and lower HIV knowledge (AOR=0.80, 95%CI=0.63, 1.01). Interventions aimed at reducing heterosexual unprotected anal intercourse risk for HIV infection among Hispanic women may benefit by addressing socioeconomic and interpersonal issues, and assessing HIV knowledge and comprehension. C1 [Villar-Loubet, Olga; Weiss, Stephen M.; Jones, Deborah] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Marks, Gary; O'Daniels, Christine; McLellan-Lemal, Eleanor] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [O'Daniels, Christine] Carter Consulting Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. [Metsch, Lisa R.] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Sociomed Sci, New York, NY USA. RP Villar-Loubet, O (reprint author), Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Miami, FL 33136 USA. EM OVillar2@miami.edu FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [PS05-107-197] FX Funding for this research was provided by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [grant number PS05-107-197]. NR 78 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1369-1058 EI 1464-5351 J9 CULT HEALTH SEX JI Cult. Health Sex PY 2016 VL 18 IS 11 BP 1221 EP 1237 DI 10.1080/13691058.2016.1182217 PG 17 WC Family Studies; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Family Studies; Biomedical Social Sciences GA DX7EQ UT WOS:000384549800002 PM 27268227 ER PT J AU Lin, L Pan, Y Hedayat, AS Barnhart, HX Haber, M AF Lin, Lawrence Pan, Yi Hedayat, A. S. Barnhart, Huiman X. Haber, Michael TI A simulation study of nonparametric total deviation index as a measure of agreement based on quantile regression SO JOURNAL OF BIOPHARMACEUTICAL STATISTICS LA English DT Article DE Agreement; nonparametric; quantile regression; total deviation index (TDI) ID CONCORDANCE CORRELATION-COEFFICIENT AB Total deviation index (TDI) captures a prespecified quantile of the absolute deviation of paired observations from raters, observers, methods, assays, instruments, etc. We compare the performance of TDI using nonparametric quantile regression to the TDI assuming normality (Lin, 2000). This simulation study considers three distributions: normal, Poisson, and uniform at quantile levels of 0.8 and 0.9 for cases with and without contamination. Study endpoints include the bias of TDI estimates (compared with their respective theoretical values), standard error of TDI estimates (compared with their true simulated standard errors), and test size (compared with 0.05), and power. Nonparametric TDI using quantile regression, although it slightly underestimates and delivers slightly less power for data without contamination, works satisfactorily under all simulated cases even for moderate (say, 40) sample sizes. The performance of the TDI based on a quantile of 0.8 is in general superior to that of 0.9. The performances of nonparametric and parametric TDI methods are compared with a real data example. Nonparametric TDI can be very useful when the underlying distribution on the difference is not normal, especially when it has a heavy tail. C1 [Lin, Lawrence] JBS Consulting Serv Inc, Carlsbad, CA 92011 USA. [Lin, Lawrence; Hedayat, A. S.] Univ Illinois, Dept Math Stat & Comp Sci, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. [Pan, Yi] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent Surveillance & Epidemiol, Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Barnhart, Huiman X.] Duke Univ, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Duke Clin Res Inst, Durham, NC USA. [Haber, Michael] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Lin, L (reprint author), JBS Consulting Serv Inc, Carlsbad, CA 92011 USA. EM equeilin@gmail.com FU U.S. National Science Foundation [DMS-0904125, DMS-1306394] FX This research was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation Grants DMS-0904125 and DMS-1306394. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1054-3406 EI 1520-5711 J9 J BIOPHARM STAT JI J. Biopharm. Stat. PY 2016 VL 26 IS 5 BP 937 EP 950 DI 10.1080/10543406.2015.1094812 PG 14 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Statistics & Probability SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Mathematics GA DX5SQ UT WOS:000384442400010 PM 26391352 ER PT J AU Herrenkohl, TI Jung, H Klika, JB Mason, WA Brown, EC Leeb, RT Herrenkohl, RC AF Herrenkohl, Todd I. Jung, Hyunzee Klika, J. Bart Mason, W. Alex Brown, Eric C. Leeb, Rebecca T. Herrenkohl, Roy C. TI Mediating and Moderating Effects of Social Support in the Study of Child Abuse and Adult Physical and Mental Health SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE child maltreatment; mental health; physical health; social support ID ILLICIT DRUG-USE; HOUSEHOLD DYSFUNCTION; RETROSPECTIVE REPORTS; MALTREATED CHILDREN; SUBSTANCE USE; SEXUAL-ABUSE; EXPERIENCES; FRAMEWORK; DISEASE; SAMPLE AB A number of cross-sectional and a few longitudinal studies have shown a developmental relationship between child abuse and adult physical and mental health. Published findings also suggest that social support can lessen the risk of adverse outcomes for some abused children. However, few studies have investigated whether social support mediates or moderates the relationship between child abuse and adult physical and mental health. Structural equation modeling was used to examine data on these topics from a longitudinal study of more than 30 years. While a latent construct of physical and emotional child abuse did not predict adult health outcomes directly, child abuse did predict outcomes indirectly through social support. A test of variable moderation for child abuse and social support was nonsignificant. Results suggest that social support may help explain the association between child abuse and health outcomes at midlife. Implications of the findings for prevention and treatment are discussed. C1 [Herrenkohl, Todd I.] Univ Washington, Sch Social Work, 4101 15th Ave Northeast,Box 354900, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. [Jung, Hyunzee; Klika, J. Bart] Univ Washington, Sch Social Work, Social Dev Res Grp, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Mason, W. Alex] Natl Res Inst Child & Family Studies, Boys Town, NE USA. [Brown, Eric C.] Univ Miami, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Div Prevent Sci & Community Hlth, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. [Leeb, Rebecca T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Child Dev Studies Team, Div Human Dev & Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Herrenkohl, Roy C.] Lehigh Univ, Dept Sociol & Anthropol, Coll Arts & Sci, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. [Klika, J. Bart] Univ Montana, Sch Social Work, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. RP Herrenkohl, TI (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Social Work, 4101 15th Ave Northeast,Box 354900, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. EM tih@uw.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2011-F-38936]; National Institute on Child Health and Human Development; Office of Behavioral Social Sciences and Research [RO1 HD049767] FX This research was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Grant 200-2011-F-38936) and by grants from the National Institute on Child Health and Human Development and the Office of Behavioral Social Sciences and Research (Grant RO1 HD049767). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the National Institutes of Health. The funding agencies played no role in the study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of this article; nor in the decision to submit it for publication. NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0002-9432 EI 1939-0025 J9 AM J ORTHOPSYCHIAT JI Am. J. Orthopsychiatr. PY 2016 VL 86 IS 5 BP 573 EP 583 DI 10.1037/ort0000136 PG 11 WC Psychiatry; Social Work SC Psychiatry; Social Work GA DX2VI UT WOS:000384229900010 PM 26845043 ER PT J AU Murphy, WJ Themann, CL Murata, TK AF Murphy, William J. Themann, Christa L. Murata, Taichi K. TI Hearing protector fit testing with off-shore oil-rig inspectors in Louisiana and Texas SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AUDIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Behavioral measures; hearing conservation; instrumentation; noise ID CONSERVATION PROGRAM; EARPLUG PERFORMANCE; UNITED-STATES; WORKPLACE; ATTENUATION; PREVENTION; INDUSTRY; WORN AB Objective: This field study aimed to assess the noise reduction of hearing protection for individual workers, demonstrate the effectiveness of training on the level of protection achieved, and measure the time required to implement hearing protector fit testing in the workplace. Design: The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducted field studies in Louisiana and Texas to test the performance of HPD Well-Fit. Study sample: Fit tests were performed on 126 inspectors and engineers working in the offshore oil industry. Results: Workers were fit tested with the goal of achieving a 25-dB PAR. Less than half of the workers were achieving sufficient protection from their hearing protectors prior to NIOSH intervention and training; following re-fitting and re-training, over 85% of the workers achieved sufficient protection. Typical test times were 6-12minutes. Conclusions: Fit testing of the workers' earplugs identified those workers who were and were not achieving the desired level of protection. Recommendations for other hearing protection solutions were made for workers who could not achieve the target PAR. The study demonstrates the need for individual hearing protector fit testing and addresses some of the barriers to implementation. C1 [Murphy, William J.; Themann, Christa L.; Murata, Taichi K.] NIOSH, Engn & Phys Hazards Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Murphy, WJ (reprint author), NIOSH, DART, EPHB, HLPT, 1150 Tusculum Ave,Mailstop C-27, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM wjm4@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1499-2027 EI 1708-8186 J9 INT J AUDIOL JI Int. J. Audiol. PY 2016 VL 55 IS 11 BP 688 EP 698 DI 10.1080/14992027.2016.1204470 PG 11 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology GA DX4AK UT WOS:000384319900010 PM 27414471 ER PT J AU Mulay, PR Cavicchia, P Watkins, SM Tovar-Aguilar, A Wiese, M Calvert, GM AF Mulay, Prakash R. Cavicchia, Philip Watkins, Sharon M. Tovar-Aguilar, Antonio Wiese, Michael Calvert, Geoffrey M. TI Acute Illness Associated with Exposure to a New Soil Fumigant Containing Dimethyl DisulfideHillsborough County, Florida, 2014 SO JOURNAL OF AGROMEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Acute poisonings; dimethyl disulfide; Paladin; pesticides; soil fumigant; surveillance AB Dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) is a new soil fumigant that is considered a replacement for methyl bromide. In 2014, the Florida Department of Health (FDOH) received several complaints of illness following a strong DMDS odor in Hillsborough County. Public health investigation of DMDS-related illness was conducted to assess illness and identify areas to target for prevention activities. This investigation included surveillance, interviews, review of medical records, review of supporting documentation, and determination of pesticide-related illness and injury case status. FDOH interviewed 66 people complaining of illness related to DMDS. Thirty-two were classified as possible and 11 as suspicious cases of DMDS-related illness. Among cases, the mean age was 48 years (range: 3-71 years). The majority were non-Hispanic (n = 43, 100%), white (n = 40, 93%), and female (n = 23, 53.5%). The most common signs and symptoms reported by exposed people included eye pain, throat irritation, nausea, dizziness, headache, and fatigue. There were 88% of cases classified as having low severity of illness and 12% classified as having moderate severity. The average distance from an application site among individuals who reported being exposed at or near their home was 0.74 miles for those classified as cases (n = 36) and 2.84 miles for those not classified as cases (n = 21, P < .05). This is the first known comprehensive report of DMDS-related illness in humans. Even though illnesses associated with DMDS in this investigation were generally of low severity, it is important to identify better ways to prevent off-target movement of DMDS and to improve notification to communities when nearby DMDS applications are planned. C1 [Mulay, Prakash R.; Cavicchia, Philip; Watkins, Sharon M.; Tovar-Aguilar, Antonio] Florida Dept Hlth, Div Dis Control & Hlth Protect, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Watkins, Sharon M.] Penn Dept Hlth, Harrisburg, PA 17108 USA. [Wiese, Michael] Florida Dept Hlth Hillsborough Cty, Tampa, FL USA. [Calvert, Geoffrey M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Mulay, PR (reprint author), Florida Dept Hlth, 4052 Bald Cypress Way,Bin A12, Tallahassee, FL 32399 USA. EM Prakash.Mulay@flhealth.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [X8-83498201] FX This project has been funded wholly or in part by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) under assistance agreement X8-83498201 to the Florida Department of Health. The authors declare they have not received any other financial support for this work and has no conflict of interest. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) or the EPA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1059-924X EI 1545-0813 J9 J AGROMEDICINE JI J. Agromedicine PY 2016 VL 21 IS 4 BP 373 EP 379 DI 10.1080/1059924X.2016.1211574 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DX1JI UT WOS:000384122700009 PM 27409156 ER PT J AU Hagerman, LM Law, BF Bledsoe, TA Hettick, JM Kashon, ML Lemons, AR Wisnewski, A Siegel, PD AF Hagerman, Lauren M. Law, Brandon F. Bledsoe, Toni A. Hettick, Justin M. Kashon, Michael L. Lemons, Angela R. Wisnewski, Adamv. Siegel, Paul D. TI The influence of diisocyanate antigen preparation methodology on monoclonal and serum antibody recognition SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE Diisocyanate; ELISA; enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay; MDI; methylene diphenyl diisocyanate ID METHYLENE DIPHENYL DIISOCYANATE; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; OCCUPATIONAL ASTHMA; IGE; SPECIFICITY; ISOCYANATES; EXPOSURE; ALBUMIN; DETERMINANTS; ADDUCTS AB Exposure to diisocyanates (dNCOs), such as methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) can cause occupational asthma (OA). Currently, lab tests for dNCO specific IgE are specific, but not sensitive, which limits their utility in diagnosing dNCO asthma. This may be due to variable preparation and poor characterization of the standard antigens utilized in these assays. The aim of this study was to produce and characterize a panel of antigens prepared using three different commonly employed methods and one novel method. The conjugates were examined for recognition by anti-MDI monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in varying enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) formats, extent of crosslinking, total amount of MDI, the sites of MDI conjugation, relative shape/charge, and reactivity with human serum with antibodies from sensitized, exposed workers. Results indicate that while there are minimal differences in the total amount of MDI conjugated, the extent of crosslinking, and the conjugation sites, there are significant differences in the recognition of differently prepared conjugates by mAbs. Native and denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis demonstrate differences in the mobility of different conjugates, indicative of structural changes that are likely important for antigenicity. While mAbs exhibited differential binding to different conjugates, polyclonal serum antibodies from MDI exposed workers exhibited equivalent binding to different conjugates by ELISA. While differences in the recognition of the different conjugates exist by mAb detection, differences in antigenicity could not be detected using human serum from MDI-sensitized individuals. Thus, although dNCO conjugate preparation can, depending on the immunoassay platform, influence binding of specific antibody clones, serologic detection of the dNCO-exposure-induced polyclonal antibody response may be less sensitive to these differences. C1 [Hagerman, Lauren M.; Law, Brandon F.; Bledsoe, Toni A.; Hettick, Justin M.; Lemons, Angela R.; Siegel, Paul D.] NIOSH, Allergy & Clin Immunol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Kashon, Michael L.] NIOSH, Biostat & Epidemiol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Wisnewski, Adamv.] Yale Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, New Haven, CT USA. RP Siegel, PD (reprint author), NIOSH, Allergy & Clin Immunol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM psiegel@cdc.gov OI Lemons, Angela/0000-0003-3057-9888 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 EI 1545-9632 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PY 2016 VL 13 IS 11 BP 829 EP 839 DI 10.1080/15459624.2016.1183013 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DX0AQ UT WOS:000384024300005 PM 27124286 ER PT J AU Roberts, B Kardous, C Neitzel, R AF Roberts, Benjamin Kardous, Chucri Neitzel, Richard TI Improving the accuracy of smart devices to measure noise exposure SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE Emerging technology; noise exposure; smartphones; smart devices AB Occupational noise exposure is one of the most frequent hazards present in the workplace; up to 22 million workers have potentially hazardous noise exposures in the U.S. As a result, noise-induced hearing loss is one of the most common occupational injuries in the U.S. Workers in manufacturing, construction, and the military are at the highest risk for hearing loss. Despite the large number of people exposed to high levels of noise at work, many occupations have not been adequately evaluated for noise exposure. The objective of this experiment was to investigate whether or not iOS smartphones and other smart devices (Apple iPhones and iPods) could be used as reliable instruments to measure noise exposures. For this experiment three different types of microphones were tested with a single model of iPod and three generations of iPhones: the internal microphones on the device, a low-end lapel microphone, and a high-end lapel microphone marketed as being compliant with the International Electrotechnical Commission's (IEC) standard for a Class 2-microphone. All possible combinations of microphones and noise measurement applications were tested in a controlled environment using several different levels of pink noise ranging from 60-100 dBA. Results were compared to simultaneous measurements made using a Type 1 sound level measurement system. Analysis of variance and Tukey's honest significant difference (HSD) test were used to determine if the results differed by microphone or noise measurement application. Levels measured with external microphones combined with certain noise measurement applications did not differ significantly from levels measured with the Type 1 sound measurement system. Results showed that it may be possible to use iOS smart phones and smart devices, with specific combinations of measurement applications and calibrated external microphones, to collect reliable, occupational noise exposure data under certain conditions and within the limitations of the device. Further research is needed to determine how these devices compare to traditional noise dosimeter under real-world conditions. C1 [Roberts, Benjamin; Neitzel, Richard] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Kardous, Chucri] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Roberts, B (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM bjrobe@umich.edu OI Roberts, Benjamin/0000-0001-7451-925X FU NIOSH CDC HHS [T42 OH008455] NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 EI 1545-9632 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PY 2016 VL 13 IS 11 BP 840 EP 846 DI 10.1080/15459624.2016.1183014 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DX0AQ UT WOS:000384024300006 PM 27163833 ER PT J AU Schulte, PA Bhattacharya, A Butler, CR Chun, HK Jacklitsch, B Jacobs, T Kiefer, M Lincoln, J Pendergrass, S Shire, J Watson, J Wagner, GR AF Schulte, P. A. Bhattacharya, A. Butler, C. R. Chun, H. K. Jacklitsch, B. Jacobs, T. Kiefer, M. Lincoln, J. Pendergrass, S. Shire, J. Watson, J. Wagner, G. R. TI Advancing the framework for considering the effects of climate change on worker safety and health SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE Extreme weather; occupational safety and health; risk assessment; temperature ID UNITED-STATES; LYME-DISEASE; OCCUPATIONAL-HEALTH; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; HEAT-STRESS; OUTDOOR WORKERS; AIR-POLLUTION; PARTICULATE MATTER; CHIKUNGUNYA VIRUS; CHANGE CHALLENGES AB In 20 9, a preliminary framework for how climate change could affect worker safety and health was described. That framework was based on a literature search from 1988-2008 that supported seven categories of climate-related occupational hazards. increased ambient temperature, (2) air pollution; ultraviolet radiation exposure; (4) extreme weather; (5) vector-borne diseases and expanded habitats; 6) industrial transitions and emerging industries; and (7) changes in the built environment. This article reviews the published literature from 2008-2014 in each of the seven categories. Additionally, three new topics related to occupational safety and health are considered: mental health effects, economic burden, and potential worker safety and health impacts associated with the nascent field of climate intervention (geoengineering). Beyond updating the literature, this article also identifies key priorities for action to better characterize and understand how occupational safety and health may be associated with climate change events and ensure that worker health and safety issues are anticipated, recognized, evaluated, and mitigated, These key priorities include research, surveillance, risk assessment, risk management, and policy development. Strong evidence indicates that climate change will continue to present occupational safety and health hazards, and this framework may be a useful tool for preventing adverse effects to workers. C1 [Schulte, P. A.; Bhattacharya, A.; Jacklitsch, B.; Pendergrass, S.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Educ & Infomat Div, 1090 Tusculum Ave,MS C-14, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Butler, C. R.; Kiefer, M.] NIOSH, Western States Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Denver, CO USA. [Chun, H. K.] Georgia Southern Univ, Coll Publ Hlth, Statesboro, GA USA. [Jacobs, T.; Shire, J.] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1090 Tusculum Ave,MS C-14, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Lincoln, J.] NIOSH, Western States Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Anchorage, AK USA. [Watson, J.] NIOSH, Western States Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Spokane, WA USA. [Wagner, G. R.] NIOSH, Off Director, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Washington, DC USA. RP Schulte, PA (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1090 Tusculum Ave,MS C-14, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM PSchulte@cdc.gov OI Watson, Joanna/0000-0002-2532-2423 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 200 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 EI 1545-9632 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PY 2016 VL 13 IS 11 BP 847 EP 865 DI 10.1080/15459624.2016.1179388 PG 19 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DX0AQ UT WOS:000384024300007 PM 27115294 ER PT J AU Jaques, PA Gao, PF Kilinc-Balci, S Portnoff, L Weible, R Horvatin, M Strauch, A Shaffer, R AF Jaques, Peter A. Gao, Pengfei Kilinc-Balci, Selcen Portnoff, Lee Weible, Robyn Horvatin, Matthew Strauch, Amanda Shaffer, Ronald TI Evaluation of gowns and coveralls used by medical personnel working with Ebola patients against simulated bodily fluids using an Elbow Lean Test SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE Ebola; Elbow Lean Test; medical garment; strike-through; synthetic blood ID PENETRATION; FABRICS AB Gowns and coveralls are important components of protective ensembles used during the management of known or suspected Ebola patients. In this study, an Elbow Lean Test was used to obtain a visual semi-quantitative measure of the resistance of medical protective garments to the penetration of two bodily fluid simulants. Tests were done an swatches of continuous and discontinuous regions of fabrics cut from five gowns and four coveralls at multiple elbow pressure levels (2-44 PSI). Swatches cut from the continuous regions of one gown and two coveralls did not have any strike-through For discontinuous regions, only the same gown consistently resisted fluid strike-through As hypothesized, with the exception of one garment, fluid strike-through increased with higher applied elbow pressure, as higher for lower fluid surface tension, and was higher for the discontinuous regions of the protective garments C1 [Jaques, Peter A.; Weible, Robyn; Horvatin, Matthew] AECOM, Aiken, SC USA. [Gao, Pengfei; Kilinc-Balci, Selcen; Portnoff, Lee; Strauch, Amanda; Shaffer, Ronald] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Personal Protect Technol Lab, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Gao, PF (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Personal Protect Technol Lab, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM pgao@cdc.gov NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 EI 1545-9632 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PY 2016 VL 13 IS 11 BP 881 EP 893 DI 10.1080/15459624.2016.1186279 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DX0AQ UT WOS:000384024300010 PM 27171285 ER PT J AU Soo, JC Lee, T Chisholm, WP Farcas, D Schwegler-Berry, D Harper, M AF Soo, Jhy-Charm Lee, Taekhee Chisholm, William P. Farcas, Daniel Schwegler-Berry, Diane Harper, Martin TI Treated and untreated rock dust: Quartz content and physical characterization SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE Quartz; rock dust ID COAL-MINE DUST; SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; SAMPLERS; FILTERS AB Rock dusting is used to prevent secondary explosions in coal mines, but inhalation of rock dusts can be hazardous if the crystalline silica (e.g., quartz) content in the respirable fraction is high. The objective of this study is to assess the quartz content and physical characteristics of four selected rock dusts, consisting of limestone or marble in both treated (such as treatment with stearic acid or stearates) and untreated forms, Four selected rock dusts (an untreated and treated limestone and an untreated and treated marble) were aerosolized in an aerosol chamber. Respirable size-selective sampling was conducted along with particle size-segregated sampling using a Micro-Orifice Uniform Deposit Impactor, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) analyses were used to determine quartz mass and particle morphology, respectively. Quartz percentage in the respirable dust fraction of untreated and treated forms of the limestone dust was significantly higher than in bulk samples, but since the bulk percentage was low the enrichment factor would not have resulted in any major change to conclusions regarding the contribution of respirable rock dust to the overall airborne quartz concentration. The quartz percentage in the marble dust (untreated and treated) was very low and the respirable fractions showed no enrichment. The spectra from SEM-EDX analysis for all materials were predominantly from calcium carbonate, clay, and gypsum particles. No free quartz particles were observed. The four rock dusts used in this study are representative of those presented for use in rock dusting, but the conclusions may not be applicable to all available materials. C1 [Soo, Jhy-Charm; Lee, Taekhee; Chisholm, William P.; Farcas, Daniel; Harper, Martin] NIOSH, Exposure Assessment Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd,Mailstop 3030, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Schwegler-Berry, Diane] NIOSH, Pathol & Physiol Res Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd,Mailstop 3030, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Lee, T (reprint author), NIOSH, Exposure Assessment Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd,Mailstop 3030, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM fwc8@cdc.gov OI Farcas, Daniel/0000-0002-3536-917X FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 EI 1545-9632 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PY 2016 VL 13 IS 11 BP D201 EP D207 DI 10.1080/15459624.2016.1200195 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DX0AQ UT WOS:000384024300001 PM 27314444 ER PT J AU Hunter, EL AF Hunter, Edward L. TI Politics and Public Health-Engaging the Third Rail SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Hunter, Edward L.] de Beaumont Fdn, 7501 Wisconsin Ave,Ste 1310E, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Hunter, Edward L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Washington Off, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hunter, EL (reprint author), de Beaumont Fdn, 7501 Wisconsin Ave,Ste 1310E, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM hunter@deBeaumont.org NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1078-4659 EI 1550-5022 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PY 2016 VL 22 IS 5 BP 436 EP 441 DI 10.1097/PHH.0000000000000446 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DX2ZA UT WOS:000384241200008 PM 27479306 ER PT J AU DeGroff, A Carter, A Kenney, K Myles, Z Melillo, S Royalty, J Rice, K Gressard, L Miller, JW AF DeGroff, Amy Carter, Aundrea Kenney, Kristy Myles, Zachary Melillo, Stephanie Royalty, Janet Rice, Ketra Gressard, Lindsay Miller, Jacqueline W. TI Using Evidence-Based Interventions to Improve Cancer Screening in the National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE early detection of cancer; evidence-based practice; health care systems; program evaluation; public health ID AFFORDABLE CARE ACT; PUBLIC-HEALTH; PREVENTIVE SERVICES; IMPLEMENTATION; DISSEMINATION; GAP AB Context: The National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program (NBCCEDP) provides cancer screening to low-income, un-, and underinsured women through more than 11 000 primary care clinics. The program is well-positioned to work with health systems to implement evidence-based interventions (EBIs) to increase screening among all women. Objective: To collect baseline data on EBI use, evaluation of EBIs, and related training needs among NBCCEDP grantees. Design: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention conducted a Web-based survey in late 2013 among NBCCEDP grantees for the period July 2012 to June 2013. This was the first systematic assessment of EBIs among NBCCEDP grantees. Setting: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's NBCCEDP. Participants: Primarily program directors/ coordinators for all 67 NBCCEDP grantees. Main Outcome Measures: Data captured were used to assess implementation of 5 EBIs, their evaluation, and related training needs. Frequencies and proportions were determined. Cluster analysis identified grantees with similar patterns of EBI use for NBCCEDP clients and providers. Results: On average, 4.1 of 5 EBIs were implemented per grantee for NBCCEDP clients and providers. Four clusters were identified including "high overall EBI users," " high provider EBI users," "high EBI users with no provider assessment and feedback," and "high client EBI users." Only 1.8 EBIs were implemented, on average, with non-NBCCEDP clients and providers. Fewer than half (n = 32, 47.8%) of grantees conducted process or outcome evaluation of 1 or more EBIs. Overall, 47.6% of grantees reported high or medium training needs for client-oriented EBIs and 54.3% for provider-oriented EBIs. Conclusions: The NBCCEDP grantees are implementing EBIs extensively with clients and providers. Increased EBI use among non-NBCCEDP clients/providers is needed to extend the NBCCEDP's reach and impact. Grantee training and technical assistance is necessary across EBIs. In addition, grantees' use of process and outcome evaluation of EBI implementation must be increased to inform effective program implementation. C1 [DeGroff, Amy; Carter, Aundrea; Kenney, Kristy; Myles, Zachary; Melillo, Stephanie; Royalty, Janet; Rice, Ketra; Gressard, Lindsay; Miller, Jacqueline W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Program Serv Branch, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS K-76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP DeGroff, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Program Serv Branch, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS K-76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM adegroff@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1078-4659 EI 1550-5022 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PY 2016 VL 22 IS 5 BP 442 EP 449 DI 10.1097/PHH.0000000000000369 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DX2ZA UT WOS:000384241200009 PM 26672405 ER PT J AU Tangka, FKL Subramanian, S Beebe, MC Weir, HK Trebino, D Babcock, F Ewing, J AF Tangka, Florence K. L. Subramanian, Sujha Beebe, Maggie Cole Weir, Hannah K. Trebino, Diana Babcock, Frances Ewing, Jean TI Cost of Operating Central Cancer Registries and Factors That Affect Cost: Findings From an Economic Evaluation of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Program of Cancer Registries SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE cancer registry; cost; economics ID DRUG-ABUSE TREATMENT; DATCAP AB Context: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) evaluated the economics of the National Program of Cancer Registries to provide the CDC, the registries, and policy makers with the economics evidence-base to make optimal decisions about resource allocation. Cancer registry budgets are under increasing threat, and, therefore, systematic assessment of the cost will identify approaches to improve the efficiencies of this vital data collection operation and also justify the funding required to sustain registry operations. Objectives: To estimate the cost of cancer registry operations and to assess the factors affecting the cost per case reported by National Program of Cancer Registries-funded central cancer registries. Methods: We developed a Web-based cost assessment tool to collect 3 years of data (2009-2011) from each National Program of Cancer Registries-funded registry for all actual expenditures for registry activities (including those funded by other sources) and factors affecting registry operations. We used a random-effects regression model to estimate the impact of various factors on cost per cancer case reported. Results: The cost of reporting a cancer case varied across the registries. Central cancer registries that receive high-quality data from reporting sources (as measured by the percentage of records passing automatic edits) and electronic data submissions, and those that collect and report on a large volume of cases had significantly lower cost per case. The volume of cases reported had a large effect, with low-volume registries experiencing much higher cost per case than medium-or high-volume registries. Conclusions: Our results suggest that registries operate with substantial fixed or semivariable costs. Therefore, sharing fixed costs among low-volume contiguous state registries, whenever possible, and centralization of certain processes can result in economies of scale. Approaches to improve quality of data submitted and increasing electronic reporting can also reduce cost. C1 [Tangka, Florence K. L.; Weir, Hannah K.; Babcock, Frances; Ewing, Jean] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,F76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Subramanian, Sujha; Beebe, Maggie Cole; Trebino, Diana] RTI Int, Waltham, MA USA. [Trebino, Diana] Dana Farber Canc Inst, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Tangka, FKL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,F76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ftangka@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2002-00575, 009] FX The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Funding support for Sujha Subramanian, Maggie Cole Beebe, and Diana Trebino was provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Contract No. 200-2002-00575, Task order 009, to RTI International). NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1078-4659 EI 1550-5022 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PY 2016 VL 22 IS 5 BP 452 EP 460 DI 10.1097/PHH.0000000000000349 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DX2ZA UT WOS:000384241200011 PM 26642226 ER PT J AU Subramanian, S Tangka, FKL Hoover, S Nadel, M Smith, R Atkin, W Patnick, J AF Subramanian, Sujha Tangka, Florence K. L. Hoover, Sonja Nadel, Marion Smith, Robert Atkin, Wendy Patnick, Julietta CA Int Colorectal Canc TI Recommendations From the International Colorectal Cancer Screening Network on the Evaluation of the Cost of Screening Programs SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE colorectal cancer; economic assessment; screening programs ID DRUG-ABUSE TREATMENT; QUALITY-ASSURANCE; UNITED-STATES; GUIDELINES; DATCAP AB Worldwide, colorectal cancer is the fourth leading cause of death from cancer and the incidence is projected to increase. Many countries are exploring the introduction of organized screening programs, but there is limited information on the resources required and guidance for cost-effective implementation. To facilitate the generating of the economics evidence base for program implementation, we collected and analyzed detailed program cost data from 5 European members of the International Colorectal Cancer Screening Network. The cost per person screened estimates, often used to compare across programs as an overall measure, varied significantly across the programs. In addition, there were substantial differences in the programmatic and clinical cost incurred, even when the same type of screening test was used. Based on these findings, several recommendations are provided to enhance the underlying methodology and validity of the comparative economic assessments. The recommendations include the need for detailed activity-based cost information, the use of a comprehensive set of effectiveness measures to adequately capture differences between programs, and the incorporation of data from multiple programs in cost-effectiveness models to increase generalizability. Economic evaluation of real-world colorectal cancer-screening programs is essential to derive valuable insights to improve program operations and ensure optimal use of available resources. C1 [Subramanian, Sujha; Hoover, Sonja] RTI Int, 1440 Main St,Ste 310, Waltham, MA 02451 USA. [Tangka, Florence K. L.; Nadel, Marion] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Smith, Robert] Amer Canc Soc, Dept Canc Control, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Atkin, Wendy] Imperial Coll London, Dept Surg & Canc, London, England. [Patnick, Julietta] Univ Oxford, Oxford, England. RP Subramanian, S (reprint author), RTI Int, 1440 Main St,Ste 310, Waltham, MA 02451 USA. EM ssubramanian@rti.org FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; American Cancer Society; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [200-2002-00575 TO 09] FX The ICRCSN is funded jointly by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Cancer Society.; This research was funded by contract no. 200-2002-00575 TO 09 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1078-4659 EI 1550-5022 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PY 2016 VL 22 IS 5 BP 461 EP 465 DI 10.1097/PHH.0000000000000386 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DX2ZA UT WOS:000384241200012 PM 27479308 ER PT J AU Hahn, R AF Hahn, Robert CA Community Preventive Serv TI Recommendation for Center-Based Early Childhood Education to Promote Health Equity SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE early childhood education; health equity AB The Community Preventive Services Task Force recommends early childhood education programs based on strong evidence of effectiveness in improving educational outcomes associated with long-term health and sufficient evidence of effectiveness in improving social-and health-related outcomes. When provided to low-income or racial and ethnic minority communities, early childhood education programs are likely to reduce educational achievement gaps, improve the health of low-income student populations, and promote health equity. C1 [Hahn, Robert] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Community Guide Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E69, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Hahn, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Community Guide Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E69, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM rhahn@cdc.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1078-4659 EI 1550-5022 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PY 2016 VL 22 IS 5 BP E9 EP E10 DI 10.1097/PHH.0000000000000354 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DX2ZA UT WOS:000384241200002 ER PT J AU Hahn, RA Barnett, WS Knopf, JA Truman, BI Johnson, RL Fielding, JE Muntaner, C Jones, CP Fullilove, MT Hunt, PC AF Hahn, Robert A. Barnett, W. Steven Knopf, John A. Truman, Benedict I. Johnson, Robert L. Fielding, Jonathan E. Muntaner, Carles Jones, Camara Phyllis Fullilove, Mindy T. Hunt, Pete C. CA Community Preventive Serv TI Early Childhood Education to Promote Health Equity: A Community Guide Systematic Review SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Review DE early childhood education; health equity; low income; racial/ethnic minority; social determinant ID PREVENTIVE-SERVICES; HEAD-START; PROGRAMS; CARE AB Context: Children in low-income and racial and ethnic minority families often experience delays in development by 3 years of age and may benefit from center-based early childhood education. Design: A meta-analysis on the effects of early childhood education by Kay and Pennucci best met Community Guide criteria and forms the basis of this review. Results: There were increases in intervention compared with control children in standardized test scores (median = 0.29 SD) and high school graduation (median = 0.20 SD) and decreases in grade retention (median = 0.23 SD) and special education assignment (median = 0.28 SD). There were decreases in crime (median = 0.23 SD) and teen births (median = 0.46 SD) and increases in emotional self-regulation (median = 0.21 SD) and emotional development (median = 0.04 SD). All effects were favorable, but not all were statistically significant. Effects were also long-lasting. Conclusions: Because many programs are designed to increase enrollment for high-risk students and communities, they are likely to advance health equity. C1 [Hahn, Robert A.; Knopf, John A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Community Guide Branch, Div Publ Hlth Informat Disseminat, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Barnett, W. Steven] Rutgers State Univ, Natl Inst Early Educ Res, New Brunswick, NJ USA. [Truman, Benedict I.] CDC, Off Associate Director Sci, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hunt, Pete C.] CDC, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Johnson, Robert L.] UMDNJ New Jersey Med Sch, Newark, NJ USA. [Fielding, Jonathan E.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Fielding Sch Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Muntaner, Carles] Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Jones, Camara Phyllis] Morehouse Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. [Fullilove, Mindy T.] Columbia Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, New York, NY USA. [Fullilove, Mindy T.] Columbia Univ, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY USA. RP Hahn, RA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Community Guide Branch, Div Publ Hlth Informat Disseminat, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, MS-E69,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM RHahn@cdc.gov FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) FX The work of John Knopf was supported with funds from the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE). The authors particularly thank Noa Kay and Annie Pennucci (Washington State Institute for Public Policy). NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1078-4659 EI 1550-5022 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PY 2016 VL 22 IS 5 BP E1 EP E8 DI 10.1097/PHH.0000000000000378 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DX2ZA UT WOS:000384241200001 PM 26672406 ER PT J AU Peterson, C Kegler, SR Parker, WR Sullivan, D AF Peterson, Cora Kegler, Scott R. Parker, Wende R. Sullivan, David TI A data-driven allocation tool for in-kind resources distributed by a state health department SO TRAFFIC INJURY PREVENTION LA English DT Article DE accidents; traffic; financing; government; supply and distribution; economics; statistics and numerical data AB Objective: The objective of this study was to leverage a state health department's operational data to allocate in-kind resources (children's car seats) to counties, with the proposition that need-based allocation could ultimately improve public health outcomes.Methods: This study used a retrospective analysis of administrative data on car seats distributed to counties statewide by the Georgia Department of Public Health and development of a need-based allocation tool (presented as interactive supplemental digital content, adaptable to other types of in-kind public health resources) that relies on current county-level injury and sociodemographic data.Results: Car seat allocation using public health data and a need-based formula resulted in substantially different recommended allocations to individual counties compared to historic distribution.Conclusions: Results indicate that making an in-kind public health resource like car seats universally available results in a less equitable distribution of that resource compared to deliberate allocation according to public health need. Public health agencies can use local data to allocate in-kind resources consistent with health objectives; that is, in a manner offering the greatest potential health impact. Future analysis can determine whether the change to a more equitable allocation of resources is also more efficient, resulting in measurably improved public health outcomes. C1 [Peterson, Cora; Kegler, Scott R.; Sullivan, David] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Mailstop F-62,4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Parker, Wende R.] Georgia Dept Publ Hlth, Injury Prevent Program, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Peterson, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Mailstop F-62,4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM cora.peterson@cdc.hhs.gov OI Peterson, Cora/0000-0001-7955-0977 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1538-9588 EI 1538-957X J9 TRAFFIC INJ PREV JI Traffic Inj. Prev. PY 2016 VL 17 IS 7 BP 681 EP 685 DI 10.1080/15389588.2016.1142079 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Transportation SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Transportation GA DX4BC UT WOS:000384322100004 PM 26890693 ER PT J AU Haarbauer-Krupa, J AF Haarbauer-Krupa, Juliet TI Unintentional injury after traumatic brain injury: Issues, assessment, and reducing risk Preface SO NEUROREHABILITATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Haarbauer-Krupa, Juliet] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Haarbauer-Krupa, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM JHaarbauerKrupa@cdc.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOS PRESS PI AMSTERDAM PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1053-8135 EI 1878-6448 J9 NEUROREHABILITATION JI Neurorehabilitation PY 2016 VL 39 IS 3 BP 343 EP 344 DI 10.3233/NRE-161365 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology; Rehabilitation SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Rehabilitation GA DW7XA UT WOS:000383865200001 PM 27497466 ER PT J AU Baldwin, G Breiding, M Sleet, D AF Baldwin, Grant Breiding, Matt Sleet, David TI Using the public health model to address unintentional injuries and TBI: A perspective from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) SO NEUROREHABILITATION LA English DT Editorial Material DE Traumatic brain injury; unintentional injury; injury causes; injury prevention ID TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; FALLS AB Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can have long term effects on mental and physical health, and can disrupt vocational, educational, and social functioning. TBIs can range from mild to severe and their effects can last many years after the initial injury. CDC seeks to reduce the burden of TBI from unintentional injuries through a focus on primary prevention, improved recognition and management, and intervening to improve health outcomes after TBI. CDC uses a 4-stage public health model to guide TBI prevention, moving from 1) surveillance of TBI, 2) identification of risk and protective factors for TBI, 3) development and testing of evidence-based interventions, to 4) bringing effective intervention to scale through widespread adoption. CDC's unintentional injury prevention activities focus on the prevention of sports-related concussions, motor vehicle crashes, and older adult falls. For concussion prevention, CDC developed Heads Up - an awareness initiative focusing on ways to prevent a concussion in sports, and identifying how to recognize and manage potential concussions. In motor vehicle injury prevention, CDC has developed a tool (MV PICCS) to calculate the expected number of injuries prevented and lives saved using various evidence-based motor vehicle crash prevention strategies. To help prevent TBI related to older adult falls, CDC has developed STEADI, an initiative to help primary care providers identify their patients' falls risk and provide effective interventions. In the future, CDC is focused on advancing our understanding of the public health burden of TBI through improved surveillance in order to produce more comprehensive estimates of the public health burden of TBI. C1 [Baldwin, Grant; Breiding, Matt; Sleet, David] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Breiding, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Publ Hlth Serv, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4700 Buford Highway,MS F62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM dvi8@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOS PRESS PI AMSTERDAM PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1053-8135 EI 1878-6448 J9 NEUROREHABILITATION JI Neurorehabilitation PY 2016 VL 39 IS 3 BP 345 EP 349 DI 10.3233/NRE-161366 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology; Rehabilitation SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Rehabilitation GA DW7XA UT WOS:000383865200002 PM 27497467 ER PT J AU Bhat, N Kilmarx, PH Dube, F Manenji, A Dube, M Magure, T AF Bhat, Nisha Kilmarx, Peter H. Dube, Freeman Manenji, Albert Dube, Medelina Magure, Tapuwa TI Zimbabwe's national AIDS levy: A case study SO SAHARA J-JOURNAL OF SOCIAL ASPECTS OF HIV-AIDS LA English DT Article DE health care financing; HIV; AIDS; Zimbabwe AB Background: We conducted a case study of the Zimbabwe National AIDS Trust Fund ('AIDS Levy') as an approach to domestic government financing of the response to HIV and AIDS. Methods: Data came from three sources: a literature review, including a search for grey literature, review of government documents from the Zimbabwe National AIDS Council (NAC), and key informant interviews with representatives of the Zimbabwean government, civil society and international organizations. Findings: The literature search yielded 139 sources, and 20 key informants were interviewed. Established by legislation in 1999, the AIDS Levy entails a 3% income tax for individuals and 3% tax on profits of employers and trusts (which excluded the mining industry until 2015). It is managed by the parastatal NAC through a decentralized structure of AIDS Action Committees. Revenues increased from inception to 2006 through 2008, a period of economic instability and hyperinflation. Following dollarization in 2009, annual revenues continued to increase, reaching US$38.6 million in 2014. By policy, at least 50% of funds are used for purchase of antiretroviral medications. Other spending includes administration and capital costs, HIV prevention, and monitoring and evaluation. Several financial controls and auditing systems are in place. Key informants perceived the AIDS Levy as a 'homegrown' solution that provided country ownership and reduced dependence on donor funding, but called for further increased transparency, accountability, and reduced administrative costs, as well as recommended changes to increase revenue. Conclusions: The Zimbabwe AIDS Levy has generated substantial resources, recently over US$35 million per year, and signals an important commitment by Zimbabweans, which may have helped attract other donor resources. Many key informants considered the Zimbabwe AIDS Levy to be a best practice for other countries to follow. C1 [Bhat, Nisha; Kilmarx, Peter H.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Harare, Zimbabwe. [Kilmarx, Peter H.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Dube, Freeman; Manenji, Albert; Dube, Medelina; Magure, Tapuwa] Natl AIDS Council Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe. RP Kilmarx, PH (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Harare, Zimbabwe.; Kilmarx, PH (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM peter.kilmarx@nih.gov FU President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief through the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Zimbabwe NAC FX This research has been supported by the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief through the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and by the Zimbabwe NAC. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 67 PU SA MEDICAL ASSOC HEALTH & MEDICAL PUBL GROUP PI CLAREMONT PA 21 DREYER ST, 4TH FLOOR, SANCLARE BLDG, CLAREMONT, 7700, SOUTH AFRICA SN 1729-0376 EI 1813-4424 J9 SAHARA J-J SOC ASP H JI Sahara J-J. Soc. Asp. HIV/AIDS PY 2016 VL 13 IS 1 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.1080/17290376.2015.1123646 PG 7 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DV9AH UT WOS:000383231200001 PM 26781215 ER PT B AU Frieden, TR AF Frieden, Thomas R. BA Gostin, LO Wiley, LF BF Gostin, LO Wiley, LF TI A Theory and Definition of Public Health Law SO PUBLIC HEALTH LAW: POWER, DUTY, RESTRAINT, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Frieden, Thomas R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Frieden, TR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI OAKLAND PA 155 GRAND AVE, SUITE 400, OAKLAND, CA 94612-3758 USA BN 978-0-520-95858-6; 978-0-520-28265-0 PY 2016 BP 3 EP + PG 201 WC Health Policy & Services; Law SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Government & Law GA BF0LQ UT WOS:000379038900002 ER PT J AU Evenson, KR Brown, DR Pearce, E Camplain, R Jernigan, J Epping, J Shepard, DM Dorn, JM AF Evenson, Kelly R. Brown, David R. Pearce, Emily Camplain, Ricky Jernigan, Jan Epping, Jacqueline Shepard, Dennis M. Dorn, Joan M. TI Evaluation of the Physical Activity and Public Health Course for Practitioners SO RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT LA English DT Article DE Exercise; knowledge; policy; training ID ACTIVITY PROMOTION; RESEARCHERS AB Purpose: From 1996 to 2013, a 6-day Physical Activity and Public Health Course for Practitioners has been offered yearly in the United States. An evaluation was conducted to assess the impact of the course on building public health capacity for physical activity and on shaping the physical activity and public health careers of fellows since taking the courses. Method: An evaluation quantified time that fellows spent in different course offerings and surveyed fellows. Results: From 1996 to 2012, 410 fellows attended the course, and in 2013, 186 participated in the Web-based survey (56% response rate). The number of fellows attending the course ranged from 15 to 33 yearly. From 1996 to 2012, the course averaged 38 hr of instructional time that included topics on interventions and environment/policy work to increase physical activity, program evaluation, public health research, and health disparities. The course included consultations, collaborative work, and field-based experiences. Fellows who participated in the survey agreed that the course had a positive impact on the physical activity research or practice work they did (98%), met their expectations (96%), helped them with research/practice collaborations with other physical activity professionals (96%), assisted them in conducting higher-quality interventions/programs (95%), helped increase their professional networking in the field (93%), and had a positive impact on other work they did (91%). Following the course, 66% and 56% had further contact with faculty and other fellows, respectively. Conclusion: The Physical Activity and Public Health Course for Practitioners made important contributions toward building the capacity of physical activity and public health practitioners. C1 [Evenson, Kelly R.; Pearce, Emily; Camplain, Ricky] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Brown, David R.; Jernigan, Jan; Epping, Jacqueline; Dorn, Joan M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Shepard, Dennis M.] Univ South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. RP Evenson, KR (reprint author), Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Dept Epidemiol, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, 137 East Franklin St,Suite 306, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. EM kelly_evenson@unc.edu FU NCCDPHP CDC HHS [U48 DP000059] NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0270-1367 EI 2168-3824 J9 RES Q EXERCISE SPORT JI Res. Q. Exerc. Sport PY 2016 VL 87 IS 2 BP 207 EP 213 DI 10.1080/02701367.2016.1146942 PG 7 WC Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism; Psychology, Applied; Psychology; Sport Sciences SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Psychology; Sport Sciences GA DV5GZ UT WOS:000382956500009 PM 26960177 ER PT J AU Alexander, BM Baxter, CS AF Alexander, Barbara M. Baxter, C. Stuart TI Flame-retardant contamination of firefighter personal protective clothing A potential health risk for firefighters SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE Exposures; flame retardants; firefighters; PBDEs ID DIPHENYL ETHERS; HEART-DISEASE; CALIFORNIA; DIBENZOFURANS; EXPOSURE; DIOXINS; DUST AB There is a high incidence of cardiovascular disease and certain cancers in firefighters that may be related to their occupational exposure to hazardous substances. Exposure may result from contaminated personal protective gear, as well as from direct exposure at fire scenes. This study characterized flame-retardant contamination on firefighter personal protective clothing to assess exposure of firefighters to these chemicals. Samples from used and unused firefighter protective clothing, including gloves, hoods and a coat wristlet, were extracted with methylene chloride and analyzed by EPA method 8270D Specific Ion Method (SIM) for polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). Until recently PBDEs were some of the most common flame-retardant chemicals used in the US. Fifteen of the seventeen PBDEs for which analysis was performed were found on at least one clothing swatch. Every clothing sample, including an unused hood and all three layers of an unused glove, held a detectable concentration of at least one PBDE. These findings, along with previous research, suggest that firefighters are exposed to PBDE flame retardants at levels much higher than the general public. PBDEs are found widely dispersed in the environment and still persist in existing domestic materials such as clothing and furnishings. Firefighter exposure to flame retardants therefore merits further study. C1 [Alexander, Barbara M.; Baxter, C. Stuart] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Environm Hlth, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Alexander, BM (reprint author), NIOSH, 1090 Tusculum Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM BAlexander@cdc.gov OI Alexander, Barbara/0000-0003-1742-403X FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Pilot Research Project Training Program of the University of Cincinnati Education and Research Center (ERC) [T42/OH008432-07, T42/OH008432-08]; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; Department of Environmental Health FX This research study was supported by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Pilot Research Project Training Program of the University of Cincinnati Education and Research Center (ERC) Grants #T42/OH008432-07 and #T42/OH008432-08. Dr. Alexander is funded by internal funds from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Dr. Baxter is funded by departmental funds from the Department of Environmental Health. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 EI 1545-9632 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PY 2016 VL 13 IS 9 BP D148 EP D155 DI 10.1080/15459624.2016.1183016 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DS8TW UT WOS:000381056900003 PM 27171467 ER PT J AU Law, R Schier, J Chang, A AF Law, Royal Schier, Joshua Chang, Arthur TI Characterizing exposures to ionizing radiation reported to poison centers, 2012-2015 SO CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Radiation; Public Health; Surveillance C1 [Law, Royal; Schier, Joshua; Chang, Arthur] CDC, NCEH, EHHE, HSB, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hua1@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1556-3650 EI 1556-9519 J9 CLIN TOXICOL JI Clin. Toxicol. PY 2016 VL 54 IS 8 MA 252 BP 775 EP 775 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA DT2ER UT WOS:000381294100260 ER PT J AU Gao, HJ Aban, I Katholi, CR AF Gao, Hongjiang Aban, Inmaculada Katholi, Charles R. TI Pool Screening: An Example of Independent Nonidentical Bernoulli Trial SO COMMUNICATIONS IN STATISTICS-SIMULATION AND COMPUTATION LA English DT Article DE Number of positive pools; Pool screening; Recursive method; 65C60 ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; ONCHOCERCA-VOLVULUS; INFECTION-RATES; SERA; PREVALENCE; TRANSMISSION; DISEASE AB Pool screening is a widely used study design to make inference about the probability of a subject being positive for an infection when the probability is extremely low. When the pool sizes are unequal, outcomes of pool screening follow independent nonidentical Bernoulli distributions. This paper presents different calculation methods for the probability distribution of T, the number of positive pools. Marcus and Lopes recursive method is recommended. C1 [Gao, Hongjiang] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS-E03, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Aban, Inmaculada; Katholi, Charles R.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Biostat, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RP Gao, HJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS-E03, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hgao@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0361-0918 EI 1532-4141 J9 COMMUN STAT-SIMUL C JI Commun. Stat.-Simul. Comput. PY 2016 VL 45 IS 9 BP 3307 EP 3316 DI 10.1080/03610918.2014.941486 PG 10 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA DU9EK UT WOS:000382518900014 ER PT J AU Moro, PL Li, RX Haber, P Weintraub, E Cano, M AF Moro, Pedro L. Li, Rongxia Haber, Penina Weintraub, Eric Cano, Maria TI Surveillance systems and methods for monitoring the post-marketing safety of influenza vaccines at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention SO EXPERT OPINION ON DRUG SAFETY LA English DT Review DE Epidemiology; influenza vaccine; surveillance; vaccine safety; VAERS; VSD ID EVENT REPORTING SYSTEM; PROBABILITY RATIO TEST; A H1N1 2009; UNITED-STATES; FEBRILE SEIZURES; IMMUNIZATION-SAFETY; DATALINK PROJECT; MONOVALENT VACCINES; OBSTETRIC EVENTS; ADVERSE EVENTS AB Introduction: Annual influenza vaccine safety monitoring is an important component of the influenza vaccination program in the United States to ensure that vaccines are safe, which is important for maintaining public trust in the national vaccination program. This is specially the case for influenza vaccines since the antigen composition of the viruses of which the vaccine is made often changes from one season to the next, based on the circulating strain of influenza virus. Areas covered: This review describes the two surveillance systems used by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to monitor the safety of influenza vaccines: 1) the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS); and 2) the Vaccine Safety datalink (VSD). Expert opinion: VAERS and VSD are used routinely to monitor the safety of influenza vaccines in the United States, and over the years they have demonstrated their value in monitoring vaccine safety since their implementation in 1990. Both systems, although different, complemented each other well to study febrile seizures in young children following influenza vaccination during the 2010-2011 influenza season. Other examples of potential safety concerns after influenza vaccines are also presented and discussed. C1 [Moro, Pedro L.; Li, Rongxia; Haber, Penina; Weintraub, Eric; Cano, Maria] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Zoonot & Emerging Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Moro, PL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Zoonot & Emerging Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM psm9@cdc.gov NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1474-0338 EI 1744-764X J9 EXPERT OPIN DRUG SAF JI Expert Opin. Drug Saf. PY 2016 VL 15 IS 9 BP 1175 EP 1183 DI 10.1080/14740338.2016.1194823 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA DU1UC UT WOS:000381994100004 PM 27268157 ER PT J AU Hall, AJ Glass, RI Parashar, UD AF Hall, Aron J. Glass, Roger I. Parashar, Umesh D. TI New insights into the global burden of noroviruses and opportunities for prevention SO EXPERT REVIEW OF VACCINES LA English DT Editorial Material DE Norovirus; gastroenteritis; diarrhea; disease burden; global health; vaccine ID UNITED-STATES; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; GASTROENTERITIS; DISEASE; OUTBREAKS; IMMUNITY; CHILDREN C1 [Hall, Aron J.; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Glass, Roger I.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Hall, AJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. EM ajhall@cdc.gov NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1476-0584 EI 1744-8395 J9 EXPERT REV VACCINES JI Expert Rev. Vaccines PY 2016 VL 15 IS 8 BP 949 EP 951 DI 10.1080/14760584.2016.1178069 PG 3 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA DV2TR UT WOS:000382774900001 PM 27142965 ER PT J AU Nasrullah, M Frazier, E Fagan, J Hardnett, F Skarbinski, J AF Nasrullah, Muazzam Frazier, Emma Fagan, Jennifer Hardnett, Felicia Skarbinski, Jacek TI The association of recent incarceration and health outcomes among HIV-infected adults receiving care in the United States SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PRISONER HEALTH LA English DT Article DE HIV; Public health; Health in prison; HIV/AIDS; Correctional healthcare; Infectious disease ID MENTAL-HEALTH; MEDICAL-CARE; YOUNG MEN; PRISON; SERVICES; HOMELESS; INMATES; RELEASE; SYSTEM; JAIL AB Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to describe factors associated with incarceration as well as the association between recent incarceration and HIV-related sexual risk behaviors, access to insurance, healthcare utilization (emergency department (ED) and hospital use), antiretroviral therapy (ART) prescription, and viral suppression. Design/methodology/approach - Using 2009-2010 data from a cross-sectional, nationally representative three-stage sample of HIV-infected adults receiving care in the USA, the authors assessed the demographic characteristics, healthcare utilization, and clinical outcomes of HIV-infected persons who had been recently incarcerated (detention for >24 hours in the past year) using bivariate analyses. The authors used multivariable logistic regression to examine associations of recent incarceration with insurance status as well as clinical and behavioral outcomes. Findings - An estimated 22,949 (95 percent confidence interval (CI) 19,062-26,836) or 5.4 percent (CI: 4.7-6.1) of all HIV-infected persons receiving care were recently incarcerated. Factors associated with recent incarceration were age <50 years, being a smoker, having high school diploma or less, being homeless, income at or below the poverty guidelines, having a geometric mean of CD4 count <500 cells/mu L, and using drugs in the past 12 months. Results frommultivariable modeling indicated that incarcerated persons were more likely to use ED services, and to have been hospitalized, and less likely to have achieved viral suppression. Originality/value - Recent incarceration independently predicted worse health outcomes and greater use of emergency services among HIV-infected adults currently in HIV care. Options to improve the HIV continuum of care, including pre-enrollment for healthcare coverage and discharge planning, may lead to better health outcomes for HIV-infected inmates post-release. C1 [Nasrullah, Muazzam; Frazier, Emma; Fagan, Jennifer; Hardnett, Felicia; Skarbinski, Jacek] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Nasrullah, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM snasrullah@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LTD PI BINGLEY PA HOWARD HOUSE, WAGON LANE, BINGLEY BD16 1WA, W YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1744-9200 EI 1744-9219 J9 INT J PRISON HEALTH JI Int. J. Pris. Health PY 2016 VL 12 IS 3 BP 135 EP 144 DI 10.1108/IJPH-04-2016-0010 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DU9PG UT WOS:000382549200002 PM 27548016 ER PT J AU Jewett, A Bell, T Cohen, NJ Buckley, K Leino, EV Even, S Beavers, S Brown, C Marano, N AF Jewett, Amy Bell, Teal Cohen, Nicole J. Buckley, Kirsten Leino, E. Victor Even, Susan Beavers, Suzanne Brown, Clive Marano, Nina TI US college and university student health screening requirements for tuberculosis and vaccine-preventable diseases, 2012 SO JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Administration; community health; health education ID UNITED-STATES; MENINGOCOCCAL DISEASE; MUMPS OUTBREAK; MEASLES; IMPACT; RISK; ADOLESCENTS; COVERAGE; RUBELLA; ADULTS AB Objective: Colleges are at risk for communicable disease outbreaks because of the high degree of person-to-person interactions and relatively crowded dormitory settings. This report describes the US college student health screening requirements among US resident and international students for tuberculosis (TB) and vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs) as they relate to the American College Health Association (ACHA) guidelines. Methods/Participants: In April 2012, US college health administrators (N = 2,858) were sent online surveys to assess their respective school's TB screening and immunization requirements. Results: Surveys were completed by 308 (11%) schools. Most schools were aware of the ACHA immunization (78%) and TB screening (76%) guidelines. Schools reported having policies related to immunization screening (80.4%), immunization compliance (93%), TB screening (55%), and TB compliance (87%). Conclusion: Most colleges were following ACHA guidelines. However, there are opportunities for improvement to fully utilize the recommendations and prevent outbreaks of communicable diseases among students in colleges. C1 [Jewett, Amy; Bell, Teal; Cohen, Nicole J.; Buckley, Kirsten; Brown, Clive; Marano, Nina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F-62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Bell, Teal] Council State & Terr Epidemiologists, Atlanta, GA USA. [Leino, E. Victor; Even, Susan] Amer Coll Hlth Assoc, Hanover, MD USA. [Beavers, Suzanne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Jewett, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F-62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM acjewett@cdc.gov FU CDC [5U38HM000414] FX This article was supported by an appointment to the Applied Epidemiology Fellowship Program administered by the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) and funded by the CDC Cooperative Agreement number 5U38HM000414. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0744-8481 EI 1940-3208 J9 J AM COLL HEALTH JI J. Am. Coll. Health PY 2016 VL 64 IS 5 BP 409 EP 415 DI 10.1080/07448481.2015.1117465 PG 7 WC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DT3FT UT WOS:000381367000008 PM 26730492 ER PT J AU Leung, J Marin, M Leino, V Even, S Bialek, SR AF Leung, Jessica Marin, Mona Leino, Victor Even, Susan Bialek, Stephanie R. TI Varicella immunization requirements for US colleges: 2014-2015 academic year SO JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Chickenpox; college; immunization; vaccination; varicella ID OUTBREAK; STUDENT; VACCINE; IMPACT; CAMPUS AB Objective: To obtain information on varicella prematriculation requirements in US colleges for undergraduate students during the 2014-2015 academic year. Participants: Health care professionals and member schools of the American College Health Association (ACHA). Methods: An electronic survey was sent to ACHA members regarding school characteristics and whether schools had policies in place requiring that students show proof of 2 doses of varicella vaccination for school attendance. Results: Only 27% (101/370) of schools had a varicella prematriculation requirement for undergraduate students. Only 68% of schools always enforced this requirement. Private schools, 4-year schools, northeastern schools, those with <5,000 students, and schools located in a state with a 2-dose varicella vaccine mandate were significantly more likely to have a varicella prematriculation requirement. Conclusions: A small proportion of US colleges have a varicella prematriculation requirement for varicella immunity. College vaccination requirements are an important tool for controlling varicella in these settings. C1 [Leung, Jessica; Marin, Mona; Bialek, Stephanie R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Leino, Victor; Even, Susan] Amer Coll Hlth Assoc, Hanover, MD USA. [Even, Susan] Univ Missouri, Student Hlth Ctr, Columbia, MO USA. RP Leung, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM JLeung@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0744-8481 EI 1940-3208 J9 J AM COLL HEALTH JI J. Am. Coll. Health PY 2016 VL 64 IS 6 BP 490 EP 495 DI 10.1080/07448481.2016.1138481 PG 6 WC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DT3GV UT WOS:000381369900008 PM 26829449 ER PT J AU Habel, MA Leichliter, JS Torrone, E AF Habel, Melissa A. Leichliter, Jami S. Torrone, Elizabeth TI Exploring chlamydia positivity among females on college campuses, 2008-2010 SO JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Chlamydia; college; minority serving institute; STD; student ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; YOURSELF-TESTED CAMPAIGN; INFECTION; COMMUNICATION; DISPARITIES; PREVALENCE; HIV; GYT AB Objective: Describe chlamydia positivity among young women tested at college health centers by student characteristics: age, race/ethnicity, and institution type. Participants: During 2008-2010, colleges participating in a national infertility prevention program provided chlamydia testing data from females aged 18-24. Methods: Chlamydia positivity (number of positive tests divided by the number tested) among females stratified by college type (4-year versus 2-year and minority serving institutes [MSIs]) was determined. Results: Chlamydia testing data were provided by 148 colleges: 37 (26%) MSIs and 21 (15%) 2-year colleges. Of the 118,946 chlamydia tests, 6.5% were positive. Chlamydia positivity in females at 4-year colleges was 6.6% versus 5.3% at 2-year colleges (p = .0001). Positivity at MSIs was almost double of that at non-MSIs, 10.0% versus 5.4% (p = .0001). Conclusions: Chlamydia positivity may be higher among college females than previously thought. Higher positivity at MSIs suggests that targeted sexually transmitted infection prevention efforts may be useful for high-risk college populations. C1 [Habel, Melissa A.; Leichliter, Jami S.; Torrone, Elizabeth] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Habel, MA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-44, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mhabel@cdc.gov NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0744-8481 EI 1940-3208 J9 J AM COLL HEALTH JI J. Am. Coll. Health PY 2016 VL 64 IS 6 BP 496 EP 501 DI 10.1080/07448481.2015.1117470 PG 6 WC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DT3GV UT WOS:000381369900009 PM 26731425 ER PT J AU Ceballos, DM Whittaker, SG Lee, EG Roberts, J Streicher, R Nourian, F Gong, W Broadwater, K AF Ceballos, Diana M. Whittaker, Stephen G. Lee, Eun Gyung Roberts, Jennifer Streicher, Robert Nourian, Fariba Gong, Wei Broadwater, Kendra TI Occupational exposures to new dry cleaning solvents: High-flashpoint hydrocarbons and butylal SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE Alternative dry cleaning solvents; butanol; butylal; dibutoxymethane; dry cleaning; formaldehyde; high-flashpoint hydrocarbon; hydrocarbons AB The dry cleaning industry is moving away from using perchloroethylene. Occupational exposures to two alternative dry cleaning solvents, butylal and high-flashpoint hydrocarbons, have not been well characterized. We evaluated four dry cleaning shops that used these alternative solvents. The shops were staffed by Korean-and Cantonese-speaking owners, and Korean-, Cantonese-, and Spanish-speaking employees. Because most workers had limited English proficiency we used language services in our evaluations. In two shops we collected personal and area air samples for butylal. We also collected air samples for formaldehyde and butanol, potential hydrolysis products of butylal. Because there are no occupational exposure limits for butylal, we assessed employee health risks using control banding tools. In the remaining two shops we collected personal and area air samples for high-flashpoint hydrocarbon solvents. In all shops the highest personal airborne exposures occurred when workers loaded and unloaded the dry cleaning machines and pressed dry cleaned fabrics. The air concentrations of formaldehyde and butanol in the butylal shops were well below occupational exposure limits. Likewise, the air concentrations of high-flashpoint hydrocarbons were also well below occupational exposure limits. However, we saw potential skin exposures to these chemicals. We provided recommendations on appropriate work practices and the selection and use of personal protective equipment. These recommendations were consistent with those derived using control banding tools for butylal. However, there is insufficient toxicological and health information to determine the safety of butylal in occupational settings. Independent evaluation of the toxicological properties of these alternative dry cleaning solvents, especially butylal, is urgently needed. C1 [Ceballos, Diana M.; Gong, Wei; Broadwater, Kendra] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Whittaker, Stephen G.] Publ Hlth Seattle & King Cty, Local Hazardous Waste Management Program, Seattle, WA USA. [Lee, Eun Gyung] NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Roberts, Jennifer; Streicher, Robert; Nourian, Fariba] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Ceballos, DM (reprint author), Harvard TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, 401 Pk Dr,POB 15677,4th Floor West,Suite 415, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM ceballos@hsph.harvard.edu NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 EI 1545-9632 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PY 2016 VL 13 IS 10 BP 759 EP 769 DI 10.1080/15459624.2016.1177648 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DV2LU UT WOS:000382752900007 PM 27105306 ER PT J AU Duling, MG LeBouf, RF Cox-Ganser, JM Kreiss, K Martin, SB Bailey, RL AF Duling, Matthew G. LeBouf, Ryan F. Cox-Ganser, Jean M. Kreiss, Kathleen Martin, Stephen B., Jr. Bailey, Rachel L. TI Environmental characterization of a coffee processing workplace with obliterative bronchiolitis in former workers SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE 2,3-pentanedione; coffee roasting; diacetyl; exposures; flavorings; obliterative bronchiolitis ID ROASTED COFFEE; EXPOSURE; 2,3-PENTANEDIONE; FACILITY; RATS AB Obliterative bronchiolitis in five former coffee processing employees at a single workplace prompted an exposure study of current workers. Exposure characterization was performed by observing processes, assessing the ventilation system and pressure relationships, analyzing headspace of flavoring samples, and collecting and analyzing personal breathing zone and area air samples for diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione vapors and total inhalable dust by work area and job title. Mean airborne concentrations were calculated using the minimum variance unbiased estimator of the arithmetic mean. Workers in the grinding/packaging area for unflavored coffee had the highest mean diacetyl exposures, with personal concentrations averaging 93 parts per billion (ppb). This area was under positive pressure with respect to flavored coffee production (mean personal diacetyl levels of 80 ppb). The 2,3-pentanedione exposures were highest in the flavoring room with mean personal exposures of 122 ppb, followed by exposures in the unflavored coffee grinding/packaging area (53 ppb). Peak 15-min airborne concentrations of 14,300 ppb diacetyl and 13,800 ppb 2,3-pentanedione were measured at a small open hatch in the lid of a hopper containing ground unflavored coffee on the mezzanine over the grinding/packaging area. Three out of the four bulk coffee flavorings tested had at least a factor of two higher 2,3-pentanedione than diacetyl headspace measurements. At a coffee processing facility producing both unflavored and flavored coffee, we found the grinding and packaging of unflavored coffee generate simultaneous exposures to diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione that were well in excess of the NIOSH proposed RELs and similar inmagnitude to those in the areas using a flavoring substitute for diacetyl. These findings require physicians to be alert for obliterative bronchiolitis and employers, government, and public health consultants to assess the similarities and differences across the industry to motivate preventive intervention where indicated by exposures above the proposed RELs for diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione. C1 [Duling, Matthew G.; LeBouf, Ryan F.; Cox-Ganser, Jean M.; Kreiss, Kathleen; Martin, Stephen B., Jr.; Bailey, Rachel L.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Resp Hlth Div, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Duling, MG (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Resp Hlth Div, Field Studies Branch, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM mwd1@cdc.gov NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 EI 1545-9632 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PY 2016 VL 13 IS 10 BP 770 EP 781 DI 10.1080/15459624.2016.1177649 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DV2LU UT WOS:000382752900008 PM 27105025 ER PT J AU Boiano, JM Steege, AL AF Boiano, James M. Steege, Andrea L. TI Precautionary practices for administering anesthetic gases: A survey of physician anesthesiologists, nurse anesthetists and anesthesiologist assistants SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE Anesthesia care providers; anesthetic gases; exposure controls; precautionary practices; web survey ID SPONTANEOUS-ABORTION; DENTAL ASSISTANTS; NITROUS-OXIDE; HEALTH; EXPOSURE; PREGNANCY; PERSONNEL; WOMEN AB Scavenging systems and administrative and work practice controls for minimizing occupational exposure to waste anesthetic gases have been recommended for many years. Anesthetic gases and vapors that are released or leak out during medical procedures are considered waste anesthetic gases. To better understand the extent recommended practices are used, the NIOSH Health and Safety Practices Survey of Healthcare Workers was conducted in 2011 among members of professional practice organizations representing anesthesia care providers including physician anesthesiologists, nurse anesthetists, and anesthesiologist assistants. This national survey is the first to examine self-reported use of controls to minimize exposure to waste anesthetic gases among anesthesia care providers. The survey was completed by 1,783 nurse anesthetists, 1,104 physician anesthesiologists, and 100 anesthesiologist assistants who administered inhaled anesthetics in the seven days prior to the survey. Working in hospitals and outpatient surgical centers, respondents most often administered sevoflurane and, to a lesser extent desflurane and isoflurane, in combination with nitrous oxide. Use of scavenging systems was nearly universal, reported by 97% of respondents. However, adherence to other recommended practices was lacking to varying degrees and differed among those administering anesthetics to pediatric (P) or adult (A) patients. Examples of practices which increase exposure risk, expressed as percent of respondents, included: using high (fresh gas) flow anesthesia only (17% P, 6% A), starting anesthetic gas flow before delivery mask or airway mask was applied to patient (35% P; 14% A); not routinely checking anesthesia equipment for leaks (4% P, 5% A), and using a funnel-fill system to fill vaporizers (16%). Respondents also reported that facilities lacked safe handling procedures (19%) and hazard awareness training (18%). Adherence to precautionary work practices was generally highest among nurse anesthetists compared to the other anesthesia care providers. Successful management of waste anesthetic gases should include scavenging systems, hazard awareness training, availability of standard procedures to minimize exposure, regular inspection of anesthesia delivery equipment for leaks, prompt attention to spills and leaks, and medical surveillance. C1 [Boiano, James M.; Steege, Andrea L.] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Boiano, JM (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, 1090 Tusculum Ave,MS R-17, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM jboiano@cdc.gov FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health FX This project was supported by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 EI 1545-9632 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PY 2016 VL 13 IS 10 BP 782 EP 793 DI 10.1080/15459624.2016.1177650 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DV2LU UT WOS:000382752900009 PM 27542098 ER PT J AU Broadwater, K de Perio, MA Roberts, J Burton, NC Lemons, AR Green, BJ Brueck, SE AF Broadwater, Kendra de Perio, Marie A. Roberts, Jennifer Burton, Nancy C. Lemons, Angela R. Green, Brett J. Brueck, Scott E. TI Investigating a persistent odor at an aircraft seat manufacturer SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE 2-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyrazine; aircraft manufacturing; metalworking fluids; odor; pyrazines ID METALWORKING FLUIDS; PREVALENCE; COMPOUND; EXPOSURE; CONTACT; FUNGAL AB An aircraft seat manufacturing company requested a NIOSH health hazard evaluation to help identify a strong odor that had persisted throughout the facility for over a year. Employees reported experiencing health effects thought to be related to the odor. We collected and analyzed area air samples for volatile organic compounds, endotoxin, bacterial and fungal metagenome, and metalworking fluid aerosol. Bulk metalworking fluid samples were analyzed for endotoxin, bacterial and fungal metagenome, and viable bacteria and fungus. We also evaluated the building ventilation systems and water diversion systems. Employees underwent confidential medical interviews about work practices, medical history, and health concerns. Based on our analyses, the odor was likely 2-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyrazine. This pyrazine was found in air samples across the facility and originated from bacteria in the metalworking fluid. We did not identify bacteria known to produce the compound but bacteria from the same Proteobacteria order were found as well as bacteria from orders known to produce other pyrazines. Chemical and biological contaminants and odors could have contributed to health symptoms reported by employees, but it is likely that the symptoms were caused by several factors. We provided several recommendations to eliminate the odor including washing and disinfecting the metalworking machines and metalworking fluid recycling equipment, discarding all used metalworking fluid, instituting a metalworking fluid maintenance program at the site, and physically isolating the metalworking department from other departments. C1 [Broadwater, Kendra; de Perio, Marie A.; Burton, Nancy C.; Brueck, Scott E.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Hazard Evaluat & Tech Assistance Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Roberts, Jennifer] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Appl Res & Technol, Chem Exposure & Monitoring Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Lemons, Angela R.; Green, Brett J.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Allergy & Clin Immunol Branch, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Broadwater, K (reprint author), NIOSH, Hlth Hazard Evaluat Program, 1090 Tusculum Ave,MS R-11, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM kbroadwater@cdc.gov OI Lemons, Angela/0000-0003-3057-9888 NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 EI 1545-9632 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PY 2016 VL 13 IS 10 BP D159 EP D165 DI 10.1080/15459624.2016.1183017 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DV2LU UT WOS:000382752900001 PM 27494786 ER PT J AU Kuzdan, C Soysal, A Oberste, MS Bakir, M AF Kuzdan, Canan Soysal, Ahmet Oberste, M. Steven Bakir, Mustafa TI FREQUENCY OF ENTEROVIRUS IN PATIENTS WITH SUSPECTED BACTERIAL MENINGITIS IN TURKEY SO NOBEL MEDICUS LA English DT Article DE Enteroviral meningitis; bacterial meningitis; enterovirus; human parechovirus; Turkey ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID SAMPLES; REAL-TIME PCR; ASEPTIC-MENINGITIS; CLINICAL SPECIMENS; HUMAN PARECHOVIRUSES; PEDIATRIC-PATIENTS; ECHOVIRUS TYPE-30; CHILDREN; INFECTIONS AB Objective: Enteroviruses are responsible for the majority of cases of aseptic meningitis. Among these, the human parechoviruses (HPeV) have recently been recognised as important contributors. Discrimination between bacterial and viral meningitis is important for proper treatment and prognosis; however, this distinction is not always possible based on clinical presentation because viral meningitis can mimic bacterial meningitis. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of enterovirus and HPeV infection in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples collected from children diagnosed with bacterial meningitis but negative for bacteria in Turkey between 2006 and 2009. Material and Method: CSF samples were collected from children with suspected bacterial meningitis from 37 clinical centres in Turkey. Among 1,460 CSF samples available, 1,184 were negative for bacteria and were included in the study. Enteroviral and HPeV RNA were detected in CSF samples by rRT-PCR, and specific genotypes were identified by direct sequencing of the VP1 region. Results: Enteroviruses were detected in 13 (1%) of the 1,184 CSF specimens analysed and included echovirus 14 (n=1), echovirus 9 (n=1), coxsackievirus B4 (n=1), and unknown serotype (n=10). No HPeVs were detected. Conclusion: Neither clinical nor CSF laboratory criteria routinely used to diagnose bacterial meningitis can definitively rule out viral aetiology, so viral infections should be considered during meningitis surveillance and in patient care. C1 [Kuzdan, Canan] Mehmet Akif Ersoy Chest & Cardiovasc Surg Trainin, Istanbul, Turkey. [Soysal, Ahmet; Bakir, Mustafa] Marmara Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat Infect Dis, Istanbul, Turkey. [Oberste, M. Steven] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Bakir, M (reprint author), Fevzi Cakmak Mahallesi Mimar Sinan Caddesi 41, Istanbul, Turkey. EM mbakir@marmara.edu.tr NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NOBEL ILAC PI UMRANIYE PA INKILAP MAH AKCAKOCA SOK, NO 10, UMRANIYE, 34768, TURKEY SN 1305-2381 J9 NOBEL MED JI Nobel Med. PD JAN-APR PY 2016 VL 12 IS 1 BP 49 EP 54 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DV0OX UT WOS:000382619500009 ER PT J AU Rhodes, LA Huisingh, CE McGwin, G Mennemeyer, ST Bregantini, M Patel, N Saaddine, J Crews, JE Girkin, CA Owsley, C AF Rhodes, Lindsay A. Huisingh, Carrie E. McGwin, Gerald, Jr. Mennemeyer, Stephen T. Bregantini, Mary Patel, Nita Saaddine, Jinan Crews, John E. Girkin, Christopher A. Owsley, Cynthia TI Eye Care Quality and Accessibility Improvement in the Community (EQUALITY): impact of an eye health education program on patient knowledge about glaucoma and attitudes about eye care SO PATIENT-RELATED OUTCOME MEASURES LA English DT Article DE patient satisfaction; telemedicine; blindness prevention; patient-related outcome ID OPEN-ANGLE GLAUCOMA; OLDER AFRICAN-AMERICANS; TELE-OPHTHALMOLOGY; RACIAL-DIFFERENCES; BARBADOS EYE; RISK-FACTORS; PREVALENCE; LITERACY; POPULATION; TELEGLAUCOMA AB Purpose: To assess the impact of the education program of the Eye Care Quality and Accessibility Improvement in the Community (EQUALITY) telemedicine program on at-risk patients' knowledge about glaucoma and attitudes about eye care as well as to assess patient satisfaction with EQUALITY. Patients and methods: New or existing patients presenting for a comprehensive eye exam (CEE) at one of two retail-based primary eye clinics were enrolled based on >= 1 of the following at-risk criteria for glaucoma: African Americans >= 40 years of age, Whites >= 50 years of age, diabetes, family history of glaucoma, and/or preexisting diagnosis of glaucoma. A total of 651 patients were enrolled. A questionnaire was administered prior to the patients' CEE and prior to the patients receiving any of the evidence-based eye health education program; a follow-up questionnaire was administered 2-4 weeks later by phone. Baseline and follow-up patient responses regarding knowledge about glaucoma and attitudes about eye care were compared using McNemar's test. Logistic regression models were used to assess the association of patient-level characteristics with improvement in knowledge and attitudes. Overall patient satisfaction was summarized. Results: At follow-up, all patient responses in the knowledge and attitude domains significantly improved from baseline (P<0.01 for all questions). Those who were unemployed (odds ratio =0.63, 95% confidence interval =0.42-0.95, P=0.026) or had lower education (odds ratio =0.55, 95% confidence interval =0.29-1.02, P=0.058) were less likely to improve their knowledge after adjusting for age, sex, race, and prior glaucoma diagnosis. This association was attenuated after further adjustment for other patient-level characteristics. Ninety-eight percent (n=501) of patients reported being likely to have a CEE within the next 2 years, whereas 63% (n=326) had a CEE in the previous 2 years. Patient satisfaction with EQUALITY was high (99%). Conclusion: Improved knowledge about glaucoma and a high intent to pursue eye care may lead to improved detection of early disease, thus lowering the risk of blindness. C1 [Rhodes, Lindsay A.; Huisingh, Carrie E.; McGwin, Gerald, Jr.; Girkin, Christopher A.; Owsley, Cynthia] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sch Med, Dept Ophthalmol, 1720 Univ Blvd,Suite 609, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. [McGwin, Gerald, Jr.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Mennemeyer, Stephen T.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Care Org & Policy, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Bregantini, Mary; Patel, Nita] Prevent Blindness, Chicago, IL USA. [Saaddine, Jinan; Crews, John E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Vis Hlth Initiat, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Rhodes, LA (reprint author), Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sch Med, Dept Ophthalmol, 1720 Univ Blvd,Suite 609, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. EM rhodesL@uab.edu FU NCCDPHP CDC HHS [U58 DP004061]; NEI NIH HHS [K23 EY025724]; NIDDK NIH HHS [P30 DK079626] NR 69 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU DOVE MEDICAL PRESS LTD PI ALBANY PA PO BOX 300-008, ALBANY, AUCKLAND 0752, NEW ZEALAND SN 1179-271X J9 PATIENT-RELAT OUTCOM JI PATIENT-RELAT. OUTCOME MEAS. PY 2016 VL 7 BP 37 EP 48 DI 10.2147/PROM.S98686 PG 12 WC Health Care Sciences & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA DV4EK UT WOS:000382877900001 PM 27274329 ER PT J AU Kersh, GJ Priestley, RA Hornstra, HM Self, JS Fitzpatrick, KA Biggerstaff, BJ Keim, P Pearson, T Massung, RF AF Kersh, Gilbert J. Priestley, Rachael A. Hornstra, Heidie M. Self, Joshua S. Fitzpatrick, Kelly A. Biggerstaff, Brad J. Keim, Paul Pearson, Talima Massung, Robert F. TI Genotyping and Axenic Growth of Coxiella burnetii Isolates Found in the United States Environment SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Coxiella; genetics; reservoir host; Q fever; zoonotic ID Q-FEVER; NETHERLANDS; HUMANS; MILK; DNA AB Coxiella burnetii is a gram-negative bacterium that is the etiologic agent of the zoonotic disease Q fever. Common reservoirs of C. burnetii include sheep, goats, and cattle. These animals shed C. burnetii into the environment, and humans are infected by inhalation of aerosols. A survey of 1622 environmental samples taken across the United States in 2006-2008 found that 23.8% of the samples contained C. burnetii DNA. To identify the strains circulating in the U.S. environment, DNA from these environmental samples was genotyped using an SNP-based approach to derive sequence types (ST) that are also compatible with multispacer sequence typing methods. Three different sequence types were observed in 31 samples taken from 19 locations. ST8 was associated with goats and ST20 with dairy cattle. ST16/26 was detected in locations with exposure to various animals and also in locations with no direct animal contact. Viable isolates were obtained for all three sequence types, but only the ST20 and ST16/26 isolates grew in acidified citrate cysteine medium (ACCM)-2 axenic media. Examination of a variety of isolates with different sequence types showed that ST8 and closely related isolates did not grow in ACCM-2. These results suggest that a limited number of C. burnetii sequence types are circulating in the U.S. environment and these strains have close associations with specific reservoir species. Growth in ACCM-2 may not be suitable for isolation of many C. burnetii strains. C1 [Kersh, Gilbert J.; Priestley, Rachael A.; Self, Joshua S.; Fitzpatrick, Kelly A.; Massung, Robert F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Mailstop G13,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hornstra, Heidie M.; Keim, Paul; Pearson, Talima] No Arizona Univ, Ctr Microbial Genet & Genom, Flagstaff, AZ USA. [Biggerstaff, Brad J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Kersh, GJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Mailstop G13,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gkersh@cdc.gov FU Department of Homeland Security [HSHQDC-10-C-00139] FX We would like to thank the local health officials and landowners who participated in the original collection of the environmental samples. This work was funded, in part, by the Department of Homeland Security (HSHQDC-10-C-00139). We would also like to thank Robert Heinzen (NIH/NIAID) and Stephen Graves (Australian Rickettsial reference Laboratory) for providing isolates. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the CDC or the Department of Health and Human Services. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 EI 1557-7759 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PY 2016 VL 16 IS 9 BP 588 EP 594 DI 10.1089/vbz.2016.1972 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DU5VO UT WOS:000382281600004 PM 27304166 ER PT J AU Ye, XY AF Ye, Xiaoyun (Sherry) TI Americans' exposure to chemicals present in personal care products SO DRUG METABOLISM REVIEWS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 20th North American Meeting of the International-Society-for-the-Study-of-Xenobiotics (ISSX) CY OCT 18-22, 2015 CL Orlando, FL SP Int Soc Study Xenobiot C1 [Ye, Xiaoyun (Sherry)] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NCEH DLS, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0360-2532 EI 1097-9883 J9 DRUG METAB REV JI Drug Metab. Rev. PY 2016 VL 48 SU 1 MA S32 BP 18 EP 18 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA DS4IO UT WOS:000380744900037 ER PT S AU Perrine, CG Nelson, JM Corbelli, J Scanlon, KS AF Perrine, Cria G. Nelson, Jennifer M. Corbelli, Jennifer Scanlon, Kelley S. BE Stover, PJ TI Lactation and Maternal Cardio-Metabolic Health SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF NUTRITION, VOL 36 SE Annual Review of Nutrition LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE breastfeeding; hypertension; diabetes; dyslipidemia; cardiovascular disease; metabolic syndrome ID GESTATIONAL DIABETES-MELLITUS; FEEDING INTERVENTION TRIAL; RISK-FACTORS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; WEIGHT RETENTION; VISCERAL ADIPOSITY; MONTHS POSTPARTUM; LIPID-METABOLISM; NATIONAL-HEALTH; BLOOD-PRESSURE AB Researchers hypothesize that pregnancy and lactation are part of a continuum, with lactation meant to "reset" the adverse metabolic profile that develops as a part of normal pregnancy, and that when lactation does not occur, women maintain an elevated risk of cardio-metabolic diseases. Several large prospective and retrospective studies, mostly from the United States and other industrialized countries, have examined the associations between lactation and cardio-metabolic outcomes. Less evidence exists regarding an association of lactation with maternal postpartum weight status and dyslipidemia, whereas more evidence exists for an association with diabetes, hypertension, and subclinical and clinical cardiovascular disease. C1 [Perrine, Cria G.; Nelson, Jennifer M.; Scanlon, Kelley S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Corbelli, Jennifer] Univ Pittsburgh, Div Gen Internal Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Perrine, CG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM cperrine@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 81 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA SN 0199-9885 BN 978-0-8243-2836-8 J9 ANNU REV NUTR JI Annu. Rev. Nutr. PY 2016 VL 36 BP 627 EP 645 DI 10.1146/annurev-nutr-071715-051213 PG 19 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA BF4RR UT WOS:000381633900024 PM 27146017 ER PT S AU Ledermann, JP Powers, AM AF Ledermann, Jeremy P. Powers, Ann M. BE Chu, JJH Ang, SK TI Analysis of CHIKV in Mosquitoes Infected via Artificial Blood Meal SO CHIKUNGUNYA VIRUS: METHODS AND PROTOCOLS SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Chikungunya virus; Artificial blood meal; Mosquito infection; Viral transmission dynamics; Saliva collection; Mosquito processing ID VIRUS; TRANSMISSION AB Having a mechanism to assess the transmission dynamics of a vector-borne virus is one critical component of understanding the life cycle of these viruses. Laboratory infection systems using artificial blood meals is one valuable approach for monitoring the progress of virus in its mosquito host and evaluating potential points for interruption of the cycle for control purposes. Here, we describe an artificial blood meal system with Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and the processing of mosquito tissues and saliva to understand the movement and time course of virus infection in the invertebrate host. C1 [Ledermann, Jeremy P.; Powers, Ann M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO 30333 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-3618-2; 978-1-4939-3616-8 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2016 VL 1426 BP 129 EP 142 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-3618-2_12 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-3618-2 PG 14 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Virology GA BF4SE UT WOS:000381639100013 PM 27233267 ER PT J AU Dolan, MC Hojgaard, A Hoxmeier, JC Replogle, AJ Respicio-Kingrya, LB Sexton, C Williams, MA Pritt, BS Schriefer, ME Eisen, L AF Dolan, Marc C. Hojgaard, Andrias Hoxmeier, J. Charles Replogle, Adam J. Respicio-Kingrya, Laurel B. Sexton, Christopher Williams, Martin A. Pritt, Bobbi S. Schriefer, Martin E. Eisen, Lars TI Vector competence of the blacklegged tick, Ixodes scapularis, for the recently recognized Lyme borreliosis spirochete Candidatus Borrelia mayonii SO TICKS AND TICK-BORNE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Borrelia mayonii; Ixodes scapularis; Lyme borreliosis; Vector competence ID BURGDORFERI SENSU-LATO; DISEASE SPIROCHETE; ANAPLASMA-PHAGOCYTOPHILUM; DERMACENTOR-VARIABILIS; AMBLYOMMA-AMERICANUM; NORTH-AMERICA; IXODIDAE; ACARI; TRANSMISSION; REMOVAL AB A novel species within the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex, provisionally named Borrelia mayonii, was recently found to be associated with Lyme borreliosis in the Upper Midwest of the United States. Moreover, B. mayonii was detected from host-seeking Ixodes scapularis, the primary vector of B. burgdorferi sensu stricto in the eastern United States. We therefore conducted a study to confirm the experimental vector competence of I. scapularis for B. mayonii (strain MN14-1420), using colony ticks originating from adults collected in Connecticut and CD-1 white mice. Larvae fed on mice 10 weeks after needle-inoculation with B. mayonii acquired spirochetes and maintained infection through the nymphal stage at an average rate of 12.9%. In a transmission experiment, 40% of nave mice exposed to a single infected nymph developed viable infections, as compared with 87% of mice fed upon by 2-3 infected nymphs. Transmission of B. mayonii by one or more feeding infected nymphs was uncommon up to 4811 after attachment (one of six mice developed viable infection) but occurred frequently when nymphs were allowed to remain attached for 72-96 h or feed to completion (11 of 16 mice developed viable infection). Mice infected via tick bite maintained viable infection with B. mayonii, as determined by ear biopsy culture, for at least 28 weeks. Our results demonstrate that I. scapularis is capable of serving as a vector of B. mayonii. This finding, together with data showing that field-collected I. scapularis are infected with B. mayonii, indicate that I. scapularis likely is a primary vector to humans of this recently recognized Lyme borreliosis spirochete. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 [Dolan, Marc C.; Hojgaard, Andrias; Hoxmeier, J. Charles; Replogle, Adam J.; Respicio-Kingrya, Laurel B.; Sexton, Christopher; Williams, Martin A.; Schriefer, Martin E.; Eisen, Lars] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Pritt, Bobbi S.] Mayo Clin, Div Clin Microbiol, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. RP Eisen, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM evp4@cdc.gov OI Hoxmeier, John/0000-0002-4682-916X NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1877-959X EI 1877-9603 J9 TICKS TICK-BORNE DIS JI Ticks Tick-Borne Dis. PY 2016 VL 7 IS 5 BP 665 EP 669 DI 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2016.02.012 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Parasitology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Parasitology GA DS2JA UT WOS:000380594600006 PM 26922324 ER PT J AU Nelson, CA Hayes, CM Markowitz, MA Flynn, JJ Graham, AC Delorey, MJ Mead, PS Dolan, MC AF Nelson, Christina A. Hayes, Catherine M. Markowitz, Molly A. Flynn, Jacqueline J. Graham, Alan C. Delorey, Mark J. Mead, Paul S. Dolan, Marc C. TI The heat is on: Killing blacklegged ticks in residential washers and dryers to prevent tickborne diseases SO TICKS AND TICK-BORNE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Ixodes scapularis; Tick-borne disease prevention; Clothing; Ticks; Borrelia burgdorferi ID AMBLYOMMA-AMERICANUM ACARI; LYME-DISEASE; IXODES-SCAPULARIS; UNITED-STATES; BORNE INFECTIONS; IXODIDAE; NYMPHS; PERCEPTIONS; REPELLENTS AB Reducing exposure to ticks can help prevent Lyme disease and other tickborne diseases. Although it is currently recommended to dry clothes on high heat for one hour to kill ticks on clothing after spending time outdoors, this recommendation is based on a single published study of tick survival under various washing conditions and a predetermined one-hour drying time. We conducted a series of tests to investigate the effects of temperature, humidity, and drying time on killing nymphal and adult blacklegged ticks (Ixodes scapularis). Muslin bags containing 5 ticks each were washed then dried or dried only with six cotton towels during each drying cycle. All nymphal and adult ticks were killed when exposed to wash cycles when the water temperature reached >= 54 degrees C (>= 130 degrees F); however, 50% of ticks survived hot water washes when the water temperature was <54 degrees C. The majority (94%) of ticks survived warm washes [temperature range, 27-46 degrees C (80-115 degrees F)] and all ticks survived cold washes [15-27 degrees C (59-80 degrees F)]. When subsequently dried on high heat setting [54-85 degrees C (129-185 degrees F)], it took 50 min to kill all ticks (95% confidence limit, 55 min). Most significantly, we found that all adult and nymphal ticks died when placed directly in the dryer with dry towels and dried for 4min on high heat (95% confidence limit, 6 min). We have identified effective, easily implemented methods to rid clothing of ticks after spending time outdoors. Placing clothing directly in a dryer and drying for a minimum of 6 min on high heat will effectively kill ticks on clothing. If clothing is soiled and requires washing first, our results indicate clothing should be washed with water temperature >= 54 degrees C (>= 130 degrees F) to kill ticks. When practiced with other tick-bite prevention methods, these techniques could further reduce the risk of acquiring tickborne diseases. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 [Nelson, Christina A.; Delorey, Mark J.; Mead, Paul S.; Dolan, Marc C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Hayes, Catherine M.; Markowitz, Molly A.] Univ Vermont, Coll Med, Burlington, VT USA. [Flynn, Jacqueline J.] Univ Massachusetts, Boston, MA 02125 USA. [Graham, Alan C.] Vermont Agcy Agr, Barre, VT USA. RP Nelson, CA (reprint author), 3156 Rampart Rd,Mail Stop P-02, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM wje1@cdc.gov NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1877-959X EI 1877-9603 J9 TICKS TICK-BORNE DIS JI Ticks Tick-Borne Dis. PY 2016 VL 7 IS 5 BP 958 EP 963 DI 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2016.04.016 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Parasitology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Parasitology GA DS2JA UT WOS:000380594600051 PM 27156138 ER PT J AU Gray, JS Kahl, O Lane, RS Levin, ML Tsao, JI AF Gray, Jeremy S. Kahl, Olaf Lane, Robert S. Levin, Michael L. Tsao, Jean I. TI Diapause in ticks of the medically important Ixodes ricinus species complex SO TICKS AND TICK-BORNE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Diapause; Quiescence; Ixodes; Ecology; Life cycles ID SEASONAL ACTIVITY PATTERNS; HOST-SEEKING BEHAVIOR; SCAPULARIS ACARI IXODIDAE; BLACK-LEGGED TICK; PACIFICUS ACARI; QUESTING ACTIVITY; LYME-DISEASE; BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; PHOTOPERIODIC CONTROL AB Four members of the Ixodes ricinus species complex, Ixodes pacificus, Ixodes persulcatus, Ixodes ricinus and Ixodes scapularis, have, between them, a worldwide distribution within the northern hemisphere. They are responsible for the transmission of several animal and human pathogens, including the causal agents of Lyme borreliosis, tick-borne encephalitis, human granulocytic anaplasmosis and human babesiosis. Despite the importance of these ticks as vectors, the knowledge and understanding of the role that diapause plays in their complex life cycles are confused and incomplete. In view of the continuing geographic spread of these tick species, as well as the effects of climate change on vector-borne diseases, it is timely to encourage research on diapause phenomena to improve understanding of their biology and of pathogen transmission dynamics. In our review we seek to clarify thinking on the topic and to address gaps in our knowledge that require the attention of researchers. (C) 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 [Gray, Jeremy S.] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Biol & Environm Sci, Dublin, Ireland. [Kahl, Olaf] Tick Radar GmbH, Berlin, Germany. [Lane, Robert S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Levin, Michael L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Med Entomol Lab, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, DVBD, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-13, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tsao, Jean I.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife & Large Anim Clin Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Gray, JS (reprint author), Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Biol & Environm Sci, Dublin, Ireland. EM jeremy.gray@ucd.ie FU National Science Foundation (Emerging Infectious Disease Award) [EF-0914476] FX We are very grateful to the colleagues in 18 laboratories, who supplied information on their tick-rearing methods for use in Table 1. Thanks are also due to Bernard Kaye (University College Dublin) for his excellent work on the figures. JIT acknowledges Funding provided by the National Science Foundation (Emerging Infectious Disease Award EF-0914476). NR 121 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 11 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1877-959X EI 1877-9603 J9 TICKS TICK-BORNE DIS JI Ticks Tick-Borne Dis. PY 2016 VL 7 IS 5 BP 992 EP 1003 DI 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2016.05.006 PG 12 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Parasitology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Parasitology GA DS2JA UT WOS:000380594600057 PM 27263092 ER PT J AU Levin, ML Snellgrove, AN Zemtsova, GE AF Levin, Michael L. Snellgrove, Alyssa N. Zemtsova, Galina E. TI Comparative value of blood and skin samples for diagnosis of spotted fever group rickettsial infection in model animals SO TICKS AND TICK-BORNE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Rocky Mountain spotted fever; Spotted fever rickettsiosis; Diagnosis; Skin biopsies; Guinea pig ID RHIPICEPHALUS-SANGUINEUS TICKS; SPOTLESS FEVER; SWAB SPECIMENS; BITE FEVER; DOGS; PARKERI; CONORII; BRAZIL; PCR; REGION AB The definitive diagnosis of spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsioses in humans is challenging due to the retrospective nature and cross reactivity of the serological methods and the absence of reliable and consistent samples for molecular diagnostics. Existing data indicate the transient character of bacteremia in experimentally infected animals. The ability of arthropod vectors to acquire rickettsial infection from the laboratory animals in the absence of systemic infection and known tropism of rickettsial agents to endothelial cells of peripheral blood vessels underline the importance of local infection and consequently the diagnostic potential of skin samples. In order to evaluate the diagnostic sensitivity of rickettsial DNA detection in blood and skin samples, we compared results of PCR testing in parallel samples collected from model laboratory animals infected with Rickettsia rickettsii, Rickettsia parkeri and Rickettsia slovaca-like agent at different time points after infection. Skin samples were collected from ears - away from the site of tick placement and without eschars. Overall, testing of skin samples resulted in a higher proportion of positive results than testing of blood samples. Presented data from model animals demonstrates that testing of skin samples from sites of rickettsial proliferation can provide definitive molecular diagnosis of up to 60-70% of tick-borne SFG rickettsia] infections during the acute stage of illness. Detection of pathogen DNA in cutaneous samples is a valuable alternative to blood-PCR at least in model animals. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 [Levin, Michael L.; Snellgrove, Alyssa N.; Zemtsova, Galina E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Levin, ML (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-13, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM MLevin@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1877-959X EI 1877-9603 J9 TICKS TICK-BORNE DIS JI Ticks Tick-Borne Dis. PY 2016 VL 7 IS 5 BP 1029 EP 1034 DI 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2016.05.011 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Parasitology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Parasitology GA DS2JA UT WOS:000380594600062 PM 27282078 ER PT J AU Tzeng, YL Thomas, J Stephens, DS AF Tzeng, Yih-Ling Thomas, Jennifer Stephens, David S. TI Regulation of capsule in Neisseria meningitidis SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Bacterial virulence regulation; capsular polysaccharides; capsule switching; meningococcal diseases ID MENINGOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE; TRANSPORTER-DEPENDENT PATHWAYS; POLYSIALIC ACID CAPSULE; SEROGROUP-B; O-ACETYLATION; PHASE VARIATION; SIALIC-ACID; TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION; POLYSACCHARIDE VACCINE; INTRACELLULAR SURVIVAL AB Neisseria meningitidis, a devastating pathogen exclusive to humans, expresses capsular polysaccharides that are the major meningococcal virulence determinants and the basis for successful meningococcal vaccines. With rare exceptions, the expression of capsule (serogroups A, B, C, W, X, Y) is required for systemic invasive meningococcal disease. Changes in capsule expression or structure (e.g. hypo-or hyper-encapsulation, capsule "switching", acetylation) can influence immunologic diagnostic assays or lead to immune escape. The loss or down-regulation of capsule is also critical in meningococcal biology facilitating meningococcal attachment, microcolony formation and the carriage state at human mucosal surfaces. Encapsulated meningococci contain a cps locus with promoters located in an intergenic region between the biosynthesis and the conserved capsule transport operons. The cps intergenic region is transcriptionally regulated (and thus the amount of capsule expressed) by IS element insertion, by a two-component system, MisR/MisS and through sequence changes that result in post-transcriptional RNA thermoregulation. Reversible on-off phase variation of capsule expression is controlled by slipped strand mispairing of homo-polymeric tracts and by precise insertion and excision of IS elements (e.g. IS1301) in the biosynthesis operon. Capsule structure can be altered by phase-variable expression of capsular polymer modification enzymes or "switched" through transformation and homologous recombination of different polymerases. Understanding the complex regulation of meningococcal capsule has important implications for meningococcal biology, pathogenesis, diagnostics, current and future vaccine development and vaccine strategies. C1 [Tzeng, Yih-Ling; Thomas, Jennifer; Stephens, David S.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Woodruff Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Thomas, Jennifer] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Stephens, DS (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Woodruff Hlth Sci Ctr, Med, 1440 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM dstep01@emory.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI040247, R56 AI061031] NR 111 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1040-841X EI 1549-7828 J9 CRIT REV MICROBIOL JI Crit. Rev. Microbiol. PY 2016 VL 42 IS 5 BP 759 EP 772 DI 10.3109/1040841X.2015.1022507 PG 14 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DS9IB UT WOS:000381095200005 PM 26089023 ER PT J AU Hammond, DR Shulman, SA Echt, AS AF Hammond, Duane R. Shulman, Stanley A. Echt, Alan S. TI Respirable crystalline silica exposures during asphalt pavement milling at eleven highway construction sites SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE Cold planers; dust control; engineering controls recycled asphalt pavement ID WAY RANDOM MODELS; OCCUPATIONAL-EXPOSURE; MIXED MODELS; DUST; INDUSTRY; DETERMINANTS; INTERVALS; WORKERS; LIMITS AB Asphalt pavement milling machines use a rotating cutter drum to remove the deteriorated road surface for recycling. The removal of the road surface has the potential to release respirable crystalline silica, to which workers can be exposed. This article describes an evaluation of respirable crystalline silica exposures to the operator and ground worker from two different half-lane and larger asphalt pavement millingmachines that had ventilation dust controls and water-sprays designed and installed by the manufacturers. Manufacturer A completed milling for 11 days at 4 highway construction sites inWisconsin, andManufacturer B completed milling for 10 days at 7 highway construction sites in Indiana. To evaluate the dust controls, full-shift personal breathing zone air samples were collected from an operator and groundworker during the course of normal employeework activities of asphalt pavement milling at 11 different sites. Forty-two personal breathing zone air samples were collected over 21 days (sampling on an operator and ground worker each day). All samples were below 50 mu g/m(3) for respirable crystalline silica, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health recommended exposure limit. The geometric mean personal breathing zone air sample was 6.2 mu g/m(3) for the operator and 6.1 mu g/m(3) for the groundworker for the Manufacturer Amillingmachine. The geometric mean personal breathing zone air samplewas 4.2 mu g/m(3) for the operator and 9.0 mu g/m(3) for the groundworker for theManufacturer B millingmachine. In addition, upper 95% confidence limits for themean exposure for each occupation werewell below50 mu g/m(3) for both studies. The silica content in the bulk asphalt material beingmilled ranged from7-23% silica for roadsmilled by Manufacturer A and from 5-12% silica for roadsmilled by Manufacturer B. The results indicate that engineering controls consisting of ventilation controls in combination with water-sprays are capable of controlling occupational exposures to respirable crystalline silica generated by asphalt pavement milling machines on highway construction sites. C1 [Hammond, Duane R.; Shulman, Stanley A.; Echt, Alan S.] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, 1090 Tusculum Ave Mail Stop R-5, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Hammond, DR (reprint author), NIOSH, 1090 Tusculum Ave Mail Stop R-5, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM dhammond@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 EI 1545-9632 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PY 2016 VL 13 IS 7 BP 538 EP 548 DI 10.1080/15459624.2016.1153803 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DS0JE UT WOS:000380280700007 PM 26913983 ER PT J AU Seo, Y Dileo, T Powell, JB Kim, JH Roberge, RJ Coca, A AF Seo, Yongsuk Dileo, Travis Powell, Jeffrey B. Kim, Jung-Hyun Roberge, Raymond J. Coca, Aitor TI Comparison of estimated core body temperature measured with the BioHarness and rectal temperature under several heat stress conditions SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE Estimated core body temperature; exercise; heat stress; rectal temperature ID COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE; EXERCISE; HYPERTHERMIA; DEHYDRATION; SIMULATION; ESOPHAGEAL; RESPONSES; STRAIN; BRAIN; MODEL AB Monitoring and measuring core body temperature is important to prevent or minimize physiological strain and cognitive dysfunction for workers such as first responders (e.g., firefighters) and military personnel. The purpose of this study is to compare estimated core body temperature (Tco-est), determined by heart rate (HR) data from a wearable chest strap physiology monitor, to standard rectal thermometry (Tre) under different conditions. Tco-est and Tre measurements were obtained in thermoneutral and heat stress conditions (high temperature and relative humidity) during four different experiments including treadmill exercise, cycling exercise, passive heat stress, and treadmill exercise while wearing personal protective equipment (PPE). Overall, the mean Tco-est did not differ significantly from Tre across the four conditions. During exercise at low-moderate work rates under heat stress conditions, Tco-est was consistently higher than Tre at all-time points. Tco-est underestimated temperature compared to Tre at rest in heat stress conditions and at a low work rate under heat stress while wearing PPE. The mean differences between the two measurements ranged from -0.1 +/- 0.4 to 0.3 +/- 0.4 degrees C and Tco-est correlated well with HR (r = 0.795 - 0.849) and mean body temperature (r = 0.637 - 0.861). These results indicate that, the comparison of Tco-est to Tre may result in over- or underestimation which could possibly lead to heat-related illness during monitoring in certain conditions. Modifications to the current algorithm should be considered to address such issues. C1 [Seo, Yongsuk; Dileo, Travis; Powell, Jeffrey B.; Kim, Jung-Hyun; Roberge, Raymond J.; Coca, Aitor] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Personal Protect Technol Lab, NIOSH, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Coca, A (reprint author), Natl Personal Protect Technol Lab, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM esq6@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 EI 1545-9632 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PY 2016 VL 13 IS 8 BP 612 EP 620 DI 10.1080/15459624.2016.1161199 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DS0JM UT WOS:000380281600006 PM 26954265 ER PT J AU Alexander, BM Esswein, EJ Gressel, MG Kratzer, JL Feng, HA King, B Miller, AL Cauda, E AF Alexander, Barbara M. Esswein, Eric J. Gressel, Michael G. Kratzer, Jerry L. Feng, H. Amy King, Bradley Miller, Arthur L. Cauda, Emanuele TI The development and testing of a prototype mini-baghouse to control the release of respirable crystalline silica from sandmovers SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE Baghouse; engineering controls; hydraulic fracturing; oil and gas extraction; respirable crystalline silica ID EXPOSURE; WORKERS AB Inhalation of respirable crystalline silica (RCS) is a significant risk to worker health during well completions operations (which include hydraulic fracturing) at conventional and unconventional oil and gas extraction sites. RCS is generated by pneumatic transfer of quartz-containing sand during hydraulic fracturing operations. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) researchers identified concentrations of RCS at hydraulic fracturing sites that exceed 10 times the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) and up to 50 times the NIOSH Recommended-Exposure Limit (REL). NIOSH research identified at least seven point sources of dust release at contemporary oil and gas extraction sites where RCS aerosols were generated. NIOSH researchers recommend the use of engineering controls wherever they can be implemented to limit the RCS released. A control developed to address one of the largest sources of RCS aerosol generation is the NIOSH mini-baghouse assembly, mounted on the thief hatches on top of the sand mover. This article details the results of a trial of the NIOSH mini-baghouse at a sand mine in Arkansas from November 18-21, 2013. During the trial, area air samples were collected at 12 locations on and around a sand mover with and without the mini-baghouse control installed. Analytical results for respirable dust and RCS indicate the use of the mini-baghouse effectively reduced both respirable dust and RCS downwind of the thief hatches. Reduction of airborne respirable dust ranged from 85-98%; reductions in airborne RCS ranged from 79-99%. A bulk sample of dust collected by the baghouse assembly showed the likely presence of freshly fractured quartz, a particularly hazardous form of RCS. Planned future design enhancements will increase the performance and durability of the mini-baghouse, including an improved bag clamp mechanism and upgraded filter fabric with a modified air-to-cloth ratio. Future trials are planned to determine additional respirable dust and RCS concentration reductions achieved through these design changes. C1 [Alexander, Barbara M.; Gressel, Michael G.; Kratzer, Jerry L.; Feng, H. Amy] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, 1090 Tusculum Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Esswein, Eric J.; King, Bradley] NIOSH, Western States Div, Denver, CO USA. [Esswein, Eric J.] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Publ Hlth, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Miller, Arthur L.] NIOSH, Spokane Min Res Div, Spokane, WA USA. [Cauda, Emanuele] NIOSH, Pittsburgh Min Res Div, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Alexander, BM (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, 1090 Tusculum Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM BAlexander@cdc.gov OI Alexander, Barbara/0000-0003-1742-403X FU NIOSH FX Funded by internal NIOSH funds. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 EI 1545-9632 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PY 2016 VL 13 IS 8 BP 628 EP 638 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DS0JM UT WOS:000380281600008 PM 27003622 ER PT J AU Dargaud, Y Pavlova, A Lacroix-Desmazes, S Fischer, K Soucie, M Claeyssens, S Scott, DW d'Oiron, R Lavigne-Lissalde, G Kenet, G Ettingshausen, CE Borel-Derlon, A Lambert, T Pasta, G Negrier, C AF Dargaud, Y. Pavlova, A. Lacroix-Desmazes, S. Fischer, K. Soucie, M. Claeyssens, S. Scott, D. W. d'Oiron, R. Lavigne-Lissalde, G. Kenet, G. Ettingshausen, C. Escuriola Borel-Derlon, A. Lambert, T. Pasta, G. Negrier, C. TI Achievements, challenges and unmet needs for haemophilia patients with inhibitors SO HAEMOPHILIA LA English DT Review DE FVIII products; genetics; haemophilia; inhibitors; prophylaxis; surgery ID RECOMBINANT FACTOR-VIIA; IMMUNE TOLERANCE INDUCTION; COAGULATION-FACTOR-VIII; REGULATORY T-CELLS; ELECTIVE ORTHOPEDIC-SURGERY; ANTI-FVIII ANTIBODIES; PREVIOUSLY UNTREATED PATIENTS; THROMBIN GENERATION TEST; RECEPTOR-RELATED PROTEIN; THERAPEUTIC FACTOR-VIII AB Over the past 20 years, there have been many advances in haemophilia treatment that have allowed patients to take greater control of their disease. However, the development of factor VIII ( FVIII) inhibitors is the greatest complication of the disease and a challenge in the treatment of haemophilia making management of bleeding episodes difficult and surgical procedures very challenging. A meeting to discuss the unmet needs of haemophilia patients with inhibitors was held in Paris on 20 November 2014. Topics discussed were genetic and non-genetic risk factors for the development of inhibitors, immunological aspects of inhibitor development, FVIII products and inhibitor development, generation and functional properties of engineered antigen-specific T regulatory cells, suppression of immune responses to FVIII, prophylaxis in haemophilia patients with inhibitors, epitope mapping of FVIII inhibitors, current controversies in immune tolerance induction therapy, surgery in haemophilia patients with inhibitors and future perspectives for the treatment of haemophilia patients with inhibitors. A summary of the key points discussed is presented in this paper. C1 [Dargaud, Y.] Univ Lyon 1, Hop Cardiol Louis Pradel, Unite Hemostase Clin, F-69008 Lyon, France. [Pavlova, A.] Univ Clin, Inst Expt Haematol & Transfus Med, Bonn, Germany. [Lacroix-Desmazes, S.] INSERM, UMRS 1138, Ctr Rech Cordeliers, Immunopathol & Immunointervent Therapeut, Paris, France. [Fischer, K.] Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Van Creveldklin HP C01 425, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Soucie, M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Div Blood Disorders, Atlanta, GA USA. [Claeyssens, S.] Chu Purpan Pav, Ctr Hosp Lefebvre, Ctr Rgal Hemophilie, Toulouse, France. [Scott, D. W.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Room A3060, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [d'Oiron, R.] Hop Univ Paris Sud, Site Bicetre, Ctr Traitement Hemophilie & Malad Hemorrag Consti, Le Kremlin Bicetre, France. [Lavigne-Lissalde, G.] Ctr Hosp Univ Nimes, Lab Hematol & Consultat Hematol Biol, Pl Pr R Debre, Nimes, France. [Kenet, G.] Tel Hashomer Tel Aviv Univ, Sheba Med Ctr, Natl Hemophilia Inst, Tel Aviv, Israel. [Ettingshausen, C. Escuriola] Hemophilia Ctr Rhein Main HZRM, Frankfurt, Germany. [Borel-Derlon, A.] Univ Hosp Caen, Haemophilia & von Willebrand Dis Ctr, Caen, France. [Lambert, T.] AP HP Hosp, Bicetre, Hemophilia Care Ctr, Paris, France. [Lambert, T.] Fac Med Paris XI, Paris, France. [Pasta, G.] Fdn IRCCS Ca Granda Osped Maggiore Policlin, Ctr Emofilia Angelo Bianchi Bonomi, UOSD Ortopedia & Traumatol, Milan, Italy. [Negrier, C.] Univ Lyon 1, Hop Louis Pradel, Hemophilia Comprehens Care Ctr, Dept Haematol, Bron, France. RP Dargaud, Y (reprint author), Univ Lyon 1, Hop Cardiol Louis Pradel, Unite Hemostase Clin, F-69008 Lyon, France. EM ydargaud@univ-lyon1.fr NR 132 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1351-8216 EI 1365-2516 J9 HAEMOPHILIA JI Haemophilia PD JAN PY 2016 VL 22 SU 1 SI SI DI 10.1111/hae.12860 PG 24 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA DR2BV UT WOS:000379710900001 ER PT J AU Willacy, E Bratton, S AF Willacy, Erika Bratton, Shelly TI On Management Matters: Why We Must Improve Public Health Management Through Action Comment on "Management Matters: A Leverage Point for Health Systems Strengthening in Global Health" SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH POLICY AND MANAGEMENT-IJHPM LA English DT Editorial Material DE Public Health Management; Global Health; Health Systems; Field Epidemiology Training Program; Global Health Security; Training; Workforce; Mentorship AB Public health management is a pillar of public health practice. Only through effective management can research, theory, and scientific innovation be translated into successful public health action. With this in mind, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has developed an innovative program called Improving Public Health Management for Action (IMPACT) which aims to address this critical need by building an effective cadre of public health managers to work alongside scientists to prepare for and respond to disease threats and to effectively implement public health programs. IMPACT is a 2-year, experiential learning program that provides fellows with the management tools and opportunities to apply their new knowledge in the field, all while continuing to serve the Ministry of Health (MoH). IMPACT will launch in 2016 in 2 countries with the intent of expanding to additional countries in future years resulting in a well-trained cadre of public health managers around the world. C1 [Willacy, Erika; Bratton, Shelly] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Willacy, E (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM emw0@cdc.gov OI IJHPM, IJHPM/0000-0002-4107-8686 NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU KERMAN UNIV MEDICAL SCIENCES PI KERMAN PA JAHAD BLVD, KERMAN, 7619813159, IRAN SN 2322-5939 J9 INT J HEALTH POLICY JI Int. J. Health Policy Manag.-IJHPM PD JAN PY 2016 VL 5 IS 1 BP 63 EP 65 DI 10.15171/ijhpm.2015.174 PG 3 WC Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA DR3PQ UT WOS:000379815500011 PM 26673653 ER PT J AU Best, AL Spencer, SM Friedman, DB Hall, IJ Billings, D AF Best, Alicia L. Spencer, S. Melinda Friedman, Daniela B. Hall, Ingrid J. Billings, Deborah TI The Influence of Spiritual Framing on African American Women's Mammography Intentions: A Randomized Trial SO JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION LA English DT Article ID BREAST-CANCER; HEALTH COMMUNICATION; BEHAVIOR; AWARENESS; CAMPAIGN; STAGE AB Spiritual framing of breast cancer communication may provide a useful strategy for addressing disparate rates of breast cancer mortality among African American women. The efficacy of a spiritually framed breast cancer screening (BCS) message was compared with that of a traditional BCS message. Specifically, 200 African American women were randomly assigned to review either a spiritually framed or traditional BCS message and complete a self-administered survey, including a thought-listing form. Message efficacy was measured by number of thoughts generated (elaboration), ratio of positive to negative thoughts (polarity), and intention to obtain and/or recommend a mammogram. Multiple linear regression and structural equation modeling were used to assess direct and indirect (mediated) associations among variables. Spiritual framing was positively associated with greater elaboration (beta = .265, SE = .36, p < .001) and more positive polarity (beta = .237, SE = .04, p < .001). Spiritual framing also had a significant indirect effect on mammography intentions through polarity (standardized indirect effect = .057, 95% confidence interval [.024, .106], p < .001). These results indicate that spiritual framing may improve the efficacy of BCS messages among African American women by eliciting more positive thoughts about screening. Interventions targeting African American women might consider the role of spirituality when tailoring messages to encourage regular mammography use. C1 [Best, Alicia L.] Univ S Florida, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Community & Family Hlth, 13201 Bruce B Downs Blvd,MDC 56, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. [Spencer, S. Melinda; Friedman, Daniela B.; Billings, Deborah] Univ South Carolina, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Promot Educ & Behav, Columbia, SC USA. [Friedman, Daniela B.] Univ South Carolina, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Behav & Canc Prevent & Control Program, Columbia, SC USA. [Hall, Ingrid J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Billings, Deborah] South Carolina Contracept Access Campaign, Columbia, SC USA. RP Best, AL (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Community & Family Hlth, 13201 Bruce B Downs Blvd,MDC 56, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. EM abest@health.usf.edu FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1081-0730 EI 1087-0415 J9 J HEALTH COMMUN JI J. Health Commun. PY 2016 VL 21 IS 6 BP 620 EP 628 DI 10.1080/10810730.2015.1114055 PG 9 WC Communication; Information Science & Library Science SC Communication; Information Science & Library Science GA DR0SI UT WOS:000379616800002 PM 27142231 ER PT B AU Frieden, TR AF Frieden, Thomas R. BA Gostin, LO Wiley, LF BF Gostin, LO Wiley, LF TI Public Health Law Power, Duty, Restraint Third Edition Foreword SO PUBLIC HEALTH LAW: POWER, DUTY, RESTRAINT, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Frieden, Thomas R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Frieden, TR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI OAKLAND PA 155 GRAND AVE, SUITE 400, OAKLAND, CA 94612-3758 USA BN 978-0-520-95858-6; 978-0-520-28265-0 PY 2016 BP XVII EP XVIII PG 2 WC Health Policy & Services; Law SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Government & Law GA BF0LQ UT WOS:000379038900001 ER PT B AU Frieden, TR AF Frieden, Thomas R. BA Gostin, LO Wiley, LF BF Gostin, LO Wiley, LF TI Risk Regulation A Systematic Evaluation SO PUBLIC HEALTH LAW: POWER, DUTY, RESTRAINT, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Frieden, Thomas R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Frieden, TR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI OAKLAND PA 155 GRAND AVE, SUITE 400, OAKLAND, CA 94612-3758 USA BN 978-0-520-95858-6; 978-0-520-28265-0 PY 2016 BP 39 EP 69 PG 31 WC Health Policy & Services; Law SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Government & Law GA BF0LQ UT WOS:000379038900003 ER PT B AU Frieden, TR AF Frieden, Thomas R. BA Gostin, LO Wiley, LF BF Gostin, LO Wiley, LF TI Public Health Law in the Constitutional Design Public Health Powers and Duties SO PUBLIC HEALTH LAW: POWER, DUTY, RESTRAINT, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Frieden, Thomas R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Frieden, TR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI OAKLAND PA 155 GRAND AVE, SUITE 400, OAKLAND, CA 94612-3758 USA BN 978-0-520-95858-6; 978-0-520-28265-0 PY 2016 BP 73 EP 112 PG 40 WC Health Policy & Services; Law SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Government & Law GA BF0LQ UT WOS:000379038900004 ER PT B AU Frieden, TR AF Frieden, Thomas R. BA Gostin, LO Wiley, LF BF Gostin, LO Wiley, LF TI Constitutional Limits on the Exercise of Public Health Safeguarding Individual Rights and Freedoms SO PUBLIC HEALTH LAW: POWER, DUTY, RESTRAINT, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Frieden, Thomas R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Frieden, TR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI OAKLAND PA 155 GRAND AVE, SUITE 400, OAKLAND, CA 94612-3758 USA BN 978-0-520-95858-6; 978-0-520-28265-0 PY 2016 BP 115 EP 151 PG 37 WC Health Policy & Services; Law SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Government & Law GA BF0LQ UT WOS:000379038900005 ER PT B AU Frieden, TR AF Frieden, Thomas R. BA Gostin, LO Wiley, LF BF Gostin, LO Wiley, LF TI Public Health Governance Democracy and Delegation SO PUBLIC HEALTH LAW: POWER, DUTY, RESTRAINT, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Frieden, Thomas R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Frieden, TR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI OAKLAND PA 155 GRAND AVE, SUITE 400, OAKLAND, CA 94612-3758 USA BN 978-0-520-95858-6; 978-0-520-28265-0 PY 2016 BP 153 EP 190 PG 38 WC Health Policy & Services; Law SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Government & Law GA BF0LQ UT WOS:000379038900006 ER PT B AU Frieden, TR AF Frieden, Thomas R. BA Gostin, LO Wiley, LF BF Gostin, LO Wiley, LF TI Direct Regulation for the Public's Health and Safety SO PUBLIC HEALTH LAW: POWER, DUTY, RESTRAINT, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Frieden, Thomas R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Frieden, TR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI OAKLAND PA 155 GRAND AVE, SUITE 400, OAKLAND, CA 94612-3758 USA BN 978-0-520-95858-6; 978-0-520-28265-0 PY 2016 BP 193 EP 224 PG 32 WC Health Policy & Services; Law SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Government & Law GA BF0LQ UT WOS:000379038900007 ER PT B AU Frieden, TR AF Frieden, Thomas R. BA Gostin, LO Wiley, LF BF Gostin, LO Wiley, LF TI Tort Law and the Public's Health Indirect Regulation SO PUBLIC HEALTH LAW: POWER, DUTY, RESTRAINT, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Frieden, Thomas R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Frieden, TR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI OAKLAND PA 155 GRAND AVE, SUITE 400, OAKLAND, CA 94612-3758 USA BN 978-0-520-95858-6; 978-0-520-28265-0 PY 2016 BP 227 EP 269 PG 43 WC Health Policy & Services; Law SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Government & Law GA BF0LQ UT WOS:000379038900008 ER PT B AU Frieden, TR AF Frieden, Thomas R. BA Gostin, LO Wiley, LF BF Gostin, LO Wiley, LF TI Taxation, Spending, and the Social Safety Net Hidden Effects on Public Health SO PUBLIC HEALTH LAW: POWER, DUTY, RESTRAINT, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Frieden, Thomas R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Frieden, TR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI OAKLAND PA 155 GRAND AVE, SUITE 400, OAKLAND, CA 94612-3758 USA BN 978-0-520-95858-6; 978-0-520-28265-0 PY 2016 BP 271 EP 302 PG 32 WC Health Policy & Services; Law SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Government & Law GA BF0LQ UT WOS:000379038900009 ER PT B AU Frieden, TR AF Frieden, Thomas R. BA Gostin, LO Wiley, LF BF Gostin, LO Wiley, LF TI Surveillance and Public Health Research Privacy, Security, and Confidentiality of Personal Health Information SO PUBLIC HEALTH LAW: POWER, DUTY, RESTRAINT, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Frieden, Thomas R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Frieden, TR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI OAKLAND PA 155 GRAND AVE, SUITE 400, OAKLAND, CA 94612-3758 USA BN 978-0-520-95858-6; 978-0-520-28265-0 PY 2016 BP 305 EP 343 PG 39 WC Health Policy & Services; Law SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Government & Law GA BF0LQ UT WOS:000379038900010 ER PT B AU Frieden, TR AF Frieden, Thomas R. BA Gostin, LO Wiley, LF BF Gostin, LO Wiley, LF TI Infectious Disease Prevention and Control SO PUBLIC HEALTH LAW: POWER, DUTY, RESTRAINT, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Frieden, Thomas R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Frieden, TR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI OAKLAND PA 155 GRAND AVE, SUITE 400, OAKLAND, CA 94612-3758 USA BN 978-0-520-95858-6; 978-0-520-28265-0 PY 2016 BP 345 EP 388 PG 44 WC Health Policy & Services; Law SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Government & Law GA BF0LQ UT WOS:000379038900011 ER PT B AU Frieden, TR AF Frieden, Thomas R. BA Gostin, LO Wiley, LF BF Gostin, LO Wiley, LF TI Public Health Emergency Preparedness Terrorism, Pandemics, and Disasters SO PUBLIC HEALTH LAW: POWER, DUTY, RESTRAINT, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Frieden, Thomas R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Frieden, TR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI OAKLAND PA 155 GRAND AVE, SUITE 400, OAKLAND, CA 94612-3758 USA BN 978-0-520-95858-6; 978-0-520-28265-0 PY 2016 BP 391 EP 433 PG 43 WC Health Policy & Services; Law SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Government & Law GA BF0LQ UT WOS:000379038900012 ER PT B AU Frieden, TR AF Frieden, Thomas R. BA Gostin, LO Wiley, LF BF Gostin, LO Wiley, LF TI Promoting Healthier Lifestyles Noncommunicable Disease Prevention SO PUBLIC HEALTH LAW: POWER, DUTY, RESTRAINT, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Frieden, Thomas R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Frieden, TR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI OAKLAND PA 155 GRAND AVE, SUITE 400, OAKLAND, CA 94612-3758 USA BN 978-0-520-95858-6; 978-0-520-28265-0 PY 2016 BP 435 EP 476 PG 42 WC Health Policy & Services; Law SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Government & Law GA BF0LQ UT WOS:000379038900013 ER PT B AU Frieden, TR AF Frieden, Thomas R. BA Gostin, LO Wiley, LF BF Gostin, LO Wiley, LF TI Promoting Safer Lifestyles A Public Health Law Perspective on Accidents and Violence SO PUBLIC HEALTH LAW: POWER, DUTY, RESTRAINT, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Frieden, Thomas R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Frieden, TR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI OAKLAND PA 155 GRAND AVE, SUITE 400, OAKLAND, CA 94612-3758 USA BN 978-0-520-95858-6; 978-0-520-28265-0 PY 2016 BP 479 EP 528 PG 50 WC Health Policy & Services; Law SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Government & Law GA BF0LQ UT WOS:000379038900014 ER PT B AU Frieden, TR AF Frieden, Thomas R. BA Gostin, LO Wiley, LF BF Gostin, LO Wiley, LF TI Health Justice and the Future of Public Health Law SO PUBLIC HEALTH LAW: POWER, DUTY, RESTRAINT, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Frieden, Thomas R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Frieden, TR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI OAKLAND PA 155 GRAND AVE, SUITE 400, OAKLAND, CA 94612-3758 USA BN 978-0-520-95858-6; 978-0-520-28265-0 PY 2016 BP 531 EP 550 PG 20 WC Health Policy & Services; Law SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Government & Law GA BF0LQ UT WOS:000379038900015 ER PT J AU Chesson, HW Markowitz, LE Hariri, S Ekwueme, DU Saraiya, M AF Chesson, Harrell W. Markowitz, Lauri E. Hariri, Susan Ekwueme, Donatus U. Saraiya, Mona TI The impact and cost-effectiveness of nonavalent HPV vaccination in the United States: Estimates from a simplified transmission model SO HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article DE cost-effectiveness; cost-utility; disease transmission models; human papillomavirus; nonavalent HPV vaccine; quadrivalent HPV vaccine; vaccines ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS VACCINATION; RECURRENT RESPIRATORY PAPILLOMATOSIS; CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA; AGED 13-17 YEARS; GENITAL WARTS; YOUNG-WOMEN; IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; POTENTIAL HEALTH; ADOLESCENTS AB Introduction: The objective of this study was to assess the incremental costs and benefits of the 9-valent HPV vaccine (9vHPV) compared with the quadrivalent HPV vaccine (4vHPV). Like 4vHPV, 9vHPV protects against HPV types 6, 11, 16, and 18. 9vHPV also protects against 5 additional HPV types 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58. Methods: We adapted a previously published model of the impact and cost-effectiveness of 4vHPV to include the 5 additional HPV types in 9vHPV. The vaccine strategies we examined were (1) 4vHPV for males and females; (2) 9vHPV for females and 4vHPV for males; and (3) 9vHPV for males and females. In the base case, 9vHPV cost $13 more per dose than 4vHPV, based on available vaccine price information. Results: Providing 9vHPV to females compared with 4vHPV for females (assuming 4vHPV for males in both scenarios) was cost-saving regardless of whether or not cross-protection for 4vHPV was assumed. The cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained by 9vHPV for both sexes (compared with 4vHPV for both sexes) was < $0 (cost-saving) when assuming no cross-protection for 4vHPV and $8,600 when assuming cross-protection for 4vHPV. Conclusions: Compared with a vaccination program of 4vHPV for both sexes, a vaccination program of 9vHPV for both sexes can improve health outcomes and can be cost-saving. C1 [Chesson, Harrell W.; Markowitz, Lauri E.; Hariri, Susan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ekwueme, Donatus U.; Saraiya, Mona] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Chesson, HW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop E-80, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM hbc7@cdc.gov NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 2164-5515 EI 2164-554X J9 HUM VACC IMMUNOTHER JI Human Vaccines Immunother. PY 2016 VL 12 IS 6 SI SI BP 1363 EP 1372 DI 10.1080/21645515.2016.1140288 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology GA DQ5QH UT WOS:000379259400018 PM 26890978 ER PT J AU Cloessner, EA Stokley, S Yankey, D Markowitz, LE AF Cloessner, Emily A. Stokley, Shannon Yankey, David Markowitz, Lauri E. TI Timing of HPV vaccine intervals among United States teens with consideration to the current ACIP schedule and the WHO 2-dose schedule SO HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article DE adolescent vaccination; HPV; vaccination schedules ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS VACCINATION; IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; RECOMMENDATIONS; ADOLESCENTS AB The current recommendation for human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in the United States is for 3 doses to be administered over a 6month period. In April 2014, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended adoption of a 2-dose schedule, with doses spaced a minimum of 6months apart, for teens who begin the series before age 15. We analyzed data from the 2013 National Immunization Survey-Teen to examine the timing of second and third dose receipt among US adolescents. All analyses were restricted to adolescents age 13-17y who had adequate provider data. The Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test measured differences in time to receive vaccine doses among demographic and socioeconomic groups. Logistic regression identified socioeconomic characteristics associated with receiving the second dose of HPV vaccine at least 6months after the first dose. The median time for teens to receive the second dose of HPV vaccine was 2.6months after the first dose, and the median time to receive the third dose was 4.9months after the second dose. Minority teens and teens living below the poverty level took significantly longer to receive doses. Among teens that initiated the HPV vaccine series before age 15y, 28.6% received the second dose at least 6months after the first dose. If these teens, who met the WHO criteria for up-to-date HPV vaccination, were classified as having completed the vaccination series, overall coverage in the US would increase 3.9 percentage points, with African American and Hispanic teens having the greatest increases in coverage. C1 [Cloessner, Emily A.] Assoc Sch & Programs Publ Hlth, 1900 M St NW Suite 710, Washington, DC USA. [Stokley, Shannon; Yankey, David; Markowitz, Lauri E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Cloessner, EA (reprint author), Assoc Sch & Programs Publ Hlth, 1900 M St NW Suite 710, Washington, DC USA. EM ybo5@cdc.gov NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 2164-5515 EI 2164-554X J9 HUM VACC IMMUNOTHER JI Human Vaccines Immunother. PY 2016 VL 12 IS 6 SI SI BP 1375 EP 1380 DI 10.1080/21645515.2015.1110659 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology GA DQ5QH UT WOS:000379259400020 PM 26587886 ER PT J AU Gee, J Weinbaum, C Sukumaran, L Markowitz, LE AF Gee, Julianne Weinbaum, Cindy Sukumaran, Lakshmi Markowitz, Lauri E. TI Quadrivalent HPV vaccine safety review and safety monitoring plans for nine-valent HPV vaccine in the United States SO HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS LA English DT Review ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS VACCINE; PREMATURE OVARIAN FAILURE; EVENT REPORTING SYSTEM; POSTURAL TACHYCARDIA SYNDROME; VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM; ADOLESCENT GIRLS; ADVERSE EVENTS; IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; YOUNG-ADULTS AB Quadrivalent human papillomavirus (4vHPV) vaccine was licensed for use in the United States in 2006 and through 2015 was the predominate HPV vaccine used. With the exception of syncope, a known preventable adverse event after any injected vaccination, both pre-licensure and post-licensure 4vHPV safety data have been reassuring with no confirmed safety signals identified. Nine-valent HPV vaccine (9vHPV) was licensed in 2014. This review includes post-licensure 4vHPV safety findings published to date that have informed the US vaccination program; these data will inform US safety monitoring and evaluation for 9vHPV. C1 [Gee, Julianne; Weinbaum, Cindy; Sukumaran, Lakshmi] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare & Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Markowitz, Lauri E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gee, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS D-26, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jgee@cdc.gov NR 64 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 2164-5515 EI 2164-554X J9 HUM VACC IMMUNOTHER JI Human Vaccines Immunother. PY 2016 VL 12 IS 6 SI SI BP 1406 EP 1417 DI 10.1080/21645515.2016.1168952 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology GA DQ5QH UT WOS:000379259400024 PM 27029786 ER PT J AU Lindley, MC Jeyarajah, J Yankey, D Curtis, CR Markowitz, LE Stokley, S AF Lindley, Megan C. Jeyarajah, Jenny Yankey, David Curtis, C. Robinette Markowitz, Lauri E. Stokley, Shannon TI Comparing human papillomavirus vaccine knowledge and intentions among parents of boys and girls SO HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article DE adolescent health; human papillomavirus; immunizations; prevention; vaccination coverage ID NATIONAL IMMUNIZATION SURVEY; HPV VACCINATION; SURVEY-TEEN; UNITED-STATES; PROVIDER RECOMMENDATION; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; ADOLESCENT GIRLS; PRIMARY-CARE; OLD GIRLS; COVERAGE AB Background/Objective: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States. Previous research suggests some differences between male and female adolescents in correlates of vaccine receipt and reasons for non-vaccination; few studies examine both sexes together. This analysis assessed knowledge and attitudes related to HPV disease and vaccination, intention to vaccinate, and reasons for delayed vaccination or non-vaccination among parents of boys and girls 13-17y old in 50 states, the District of Columbia, and selected local areas. Methods: National Immunization Survey-Teen 2013 data were analyzed and gender differences examined. Results: In this sample, adolescent boys were more likely than girls to be unvaccinated and less likely to have completed the HPV vaccination series (p < 0.005 for both). Parents of girls were more likely than parents of boys to report a provider recommendation for HPV vaccination (65.0% vs. 42.1%). Only 29% of girls' parents reported a provider recommendation to begin vaccination by 11-12y old. Among unvaccinated teens, parental intention to vaccinate in the next 12 months did not differ by sex, but reasons for vaccination or non-vaccination did. Many parents do not know the recommended number of HPV doses. Conclusions: Gender differences in provider vaccination recommendations and reasons for vaccination might partially explain differential HPV uptake by male and female adolescents. Clinicians should offer strong recommendations for HPV vaccination at 11-12y old for both girls and boys. To reduce missed opportunities, HPV vaccination should be presented in the context of, and given concurrently with, other routinely administered vaccines. C1 [Lindley, Megan C.; Jeyarajah, Jenny; Yankey, David; Curtis, C. Robinette; Stokley, Shannon] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Markowitz, Lauri E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lindley, MC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mlindley@cdc.gov NR 43 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 2164-5515 EI 2164-554X J9 HUM VACC IMMUNOTHER JI Human Vaccines Immunother. PY 2016 VL 12 IS 6 SI SI BP 1519 EP 1527 DI 10.1080/21645515.2016.1157673 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology GA DQ5QH UT WOS:000379259400037 PM 27003108 ER PT J AU Smulian, EA Mitchell, KR Stokley, S AF Smulian, Elizabeth A. Mitchell, Krista R. Stokley, Shannon TI Interventions to increase HPV vaccination coverage: A systematic review SO HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS LA English DT Review DE coverage; human papillomavirus; HPV; vaccination; interventions ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS VACCINE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORD; TEXT MESSAGE REMINDERS; ADOLESCENT IMMUNIZATION; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; SERIES COMPLETION; UNITED-STATES; TIMELY COMPLETION AB We reviewed intervention studies designed to increase human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination coverage to further understand the impact interventions can have on HPV vaccination coverage. We searched 5 databases for intervention studies published from June 2006 to May 2015. Studies were included if they quantitatively measured HPV vaccination coverage as an outcome and were conducted in the United States. We abstracted outcomes, methods, and results from each study and classified by type of intervention conducted. Findings from 34 studies suggest many types of intervention strategies can increase HPV vaccination coverage in different settings, and with modest cost. Interventions were effective especially when implemented in combination at both provider and community levels. However, not all interventions showed significant effects on coverage. More research is needed to identify the best methods for widespread implementation of effective strategies. C1 [Smulian, Elizabeth A.] Assoc Sch & Programs Publ Hlth, Washington, DC USA. [Smulian, Elizabeth A.; Stokley, Shannon] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mitchell, Krista R.] Carter Consulting Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Stokley, S (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-19, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM zma2@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [3U36OE000002]; Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health; Prevention and Public Health Funds; Immunization Program Technical and Analytical Assistance in Support of HPV Vaccination [200-2009-28537 Task Order-091] FX This publication was supported by Cooperative Agreement Number 3U36OE000002 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health. The findings and conclusions of this publication do not necessarily represent the official views of CDC or ASPPH. This publication was also supported by 2013 Prevention and Public Health Funds, Immunization Program Technical and Analytical Assistance in Support of HPV Vaccination, Contract #200-2009-28537 Task Order-091. NR 61 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 2164-5515 EI 2164-554X J9 HUM VACC IMMUNOTHER JI Human Vaccines Immunother. PY 2016 VL 12 IS 6 SI SI BP 1566 EP 1588 DI 10.1080/21645515.2015.1125055 PG 23 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology GA DQ5QH UT WOS:000379259400043 PM 26838959 ER PT J AU Dong, J Ma, Q AF Dong, Jie Ma, Qiang TI Suppression of basal and carbon nanotube-induced oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis in mouse lungs by Nrf2 SO NANOTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Lung fibrosis; lung inflammation; multi-walled carbon nanotubes; nanotoxicity; nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2; oxidative stress ID TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR NRF2; IN-VITRO; PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS; PULMONARY-FIBROSIS; FIBROTIC RESPONSE; PARIETAL PLEURA; C57BL/6 MICE; TOXICITY; EXPOSURE; INJURY AB The lungs are susceptible to oxidative damage by inhaled pathogenic agents, including multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) has been implicated in regulating the body's defense against oxidative stress. Here, we analyzed the function of Nrf2 in the lungs. Under a basal condition, Nrf2 knockout (KO) mice showed apparent pulmonary infiltration of granulocytes, macrophages and B and T lymphocytes, and elevated deposition of collagen fibers. Exposure to MWCNT (XNRI MWNT-7, Mitsui, Tokyo, Japan) by pharyngeal aspiration elicited rapid inflammatory and fibrotic responses in a dose (0, 5, 20 and 40 mu g) and time (1, 3, 7 and 14 d)-dependent manner. The responses reached peak levels on day 7 post-exposure to 40 mu g MWCNT, evidenced by massive inflammatory infiltration and formation of inflammatory and fibrotic foci, which were more evident in Nrf2 KO than wildtype (WT) lungs. At the molecular level, Nrf2 protein was detected at a low level under a basal condition, and was dramatically increased by MWCNT in WT, but not Nrf2 KO, lungs. Activation of Nrf2 was inversely correlated with induced expression of fibrosis marker genes and profibrotic cytokines. Furthermore, the levels of ROS and oxidative stress were remarkably higher in Nrf2 KO than WT lungs under a physiological condition, and were dramatically increased by MWCNT, with the increase significantly more striking in KO lungs. The findings reveal that Nrf2 plays an important role in suppressing the basal and MWCNT-induced oxidant production, inflammation and fibrosis in the lungs, thereby protecting against MWCNT lung toxicity. C1 [Dong, Jie; Ma, Qiang] NIOSH, Receptor Biol Lab, Toxicol & Mol Biol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div,Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mailstop 3014,1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Ma, Q (reprint author), NIOSH, Receptor Biol Lab, Toxicol & Mol Biol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div,Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mailstop 3014,1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM qam1@cdc.gov FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Health Effects Laboratory Division FX This work was funded to Q.M. by National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Health Effects Laboratory Division. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NR 32 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1743-5390 EI 1743-5404 J9 NANOTOXICOLOGY JI Nanotoxicology PY 2016 VL 10 IS 6 BP 699 EP 709 DI 10.3109/17435390.2015.1110758 PG 11 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Toxicology SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Toxicology GA DQ5MA UT WOS:000379248300007 PM 26592091 ER PT J AU Schulte, PA Iavicoli, I Rantanen, JH Dahmann, D Iavicoli, S Pipke, R Canu, IG Boccuni, F Ricci, M Polci, ML Sabbioni, E Pietroiusti, A Mantovani, E AF Schulte, Paul A. Iavicoli, Ivo Rantanen, Jorma H. Dahmann, Dirk Iavicoli, Sergio Pipke, Ruediger Canu, Irina Guseva Boccuni, Fabio Ricci, Maximo Polci, Maria Letizia Sabbioni, Enrico Pietroiusti, Antonio Mantovani, Elvio TI Assessing the protection of the nanomaterial workforce SO NANOTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Control procedures; occupational exposure limits; precautionary guidance; toxicity ID OCCUPATIONAL-HEALTH; ENGINEERED NANOPARTICLES; EPIDEMIOLOGIC EVIDENCE; ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; RISK-MANAGEMENT; DIESEL EXHAUST; AIR-POLLUTION; LUNG-CANCER; EXPOSURE; WORKERS AB Responsible development of any technology, including nanotechnology, requires protecting workers, the first people to be exposed to the products of the technology. In the case of nanotechnology, this is difficult to achieve because in spite of early evidence raising health and safety concerns, there are uncertainties about hazards and risks. The global response to these concerns has been the issuance by authoritative agencies of precautionary guidance to strictly control exposures to engineered nanomaterials (ENMs). This commentary summarizes discussions at the Symposium on the Health Protection of Nanomaterial Workers held in Rome (25 and 26 February 2015). There scientists and practitioners from 11 countries took stock of what is known about hazards and risks resulting from exposure to ENMs, confirmed that uncertainties still exist, and deliberated on what it would take to conduct a global assessment of how well workers are being protected from potentially harmful exposures. C1 [Schulte, Paul A.] NIOSH, Educ & Informat Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, 1150 Tusculum Ave,MS C-14, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Iavicoli, Ivo] Univ Naples Federico II, Dept Publ Hlth, Naples, Italy. [Rantanen, Jorma H.] ICOH, Hyvinkaa, Finland. [Dahmann, Dirk] Inst Res Hazardous Subst IGF, Bochum, Germany. [Iavicoli, Sergio; Boccuni, Fabio] Italian Workers Compensat Author INAIL, Dept Occupat & Environm Med, Epidemiol & Hyg, Rome, Italy. [Pipke, Ruediger] Fed Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth BAuA, Dortmund, Germany. [Canu, Irina Guseva] French Inst Publ Hlth Surveillance, Dept Occupat Hlth, St Maurice, France. [Ricci, Maximo] SHO NANO, Campana, Argentina. [Polci, Maria Letizia] Italian Minist Hlth, Rome, Italy. [Sabbioni, Enrico] Italian Soc Nanotoxicol, Rome, Italy. [Pietroiusti, Antonio] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dept Biomed & Prevent, Rome, Italy. [Mantovani, Elvio] Italian Assoc Ind Res AIRI, Rome, Italy. RP Schulte, PA (reprint author), NIOSH, Educ & Informat Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, 1150 Tusculum Ave,MS C-14, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM PSchulte@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 60 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1743-5390 EI 1743-5404 J9 NANOTOXICOLOGY JI Nanotoxicology PY 2016 VL 10 IS 7 BP 1013 EP 1019 DI 10.3109/17435390.2015.1132347 PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Toxicology SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Toxicology GA DQ5MF UT WOS:000379248800017 PM 26865347 ER PT J AU Zetola, NM Modongo, C Moonan, PK Click, E Oeltmann, JE Shepherd, J Finlay, A AF Zetola, N. M. Modongo, C. Moonan, P. K. Click, E. Oeltmann, J. E. Shepherd, J. Finlay, A. TI Protocol for a population-based molecular epidemiology study of tuberculosis transmission in a high HIV-burden setting: the Botswana Kopanyo study SO BMJ OPEN LA English DT Article DE Transmission; Molecular Epidemiology; Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ID INTERSPERSED REPETITIVE UNITS; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; INFECTION; DIAGNOSIS; RESISTANT; RISK; BIAS; TB AB IntroductionMycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is transmitted from person to person via airborne droplet nuclei. At the community level, Mtb transmission depends on the exposure venue, infectiousness of the tuberculosis (TB) index case and the susceptibility of the index case's social network. People living with HIV infection are at high risk of TB, yet the factors associated with TB transmission within communities with high rates of TB and HIV are largely undocumented. The primary aim of the Kopanyo study is to better understand the demographic, clinical, social and geospatial factors associated with TB and multidrug-resistant TB transmission in 2 communities in Botswana, a country where 60% of all patients with TB are also infected with HIV. This manuscript describes the methods used in the Kopanyo study. Methods and analysis The study will be conducted in greater Gaborone, which has high rates of HIV and a mobile population; and in Ghanzi, a rural community with lower prevalence of HIV infection and home to the native San population. Kopanyo aims to enrol all persons diagnosed with TB during a 4-year study period. From each participant, sputum will be cultured, and for all Mtb isolates, molecular genotyping (24-locus mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units-variable number of tandem repeats) will be performed. Patients with matching genotype results will be considered members of a genotype cluster, a proxy for recent transmission. Demographic, behavioural, clinical and social information will be collected by interview. Participant residence, work place, healthcare facilities visited and social gathering venues will be geocoded. We will assess relationships between these factors and cluster involvement to better plan interventions for reducing TB transmission. Ethics Ethical approval from the Independent Review Boards at the University of Pennsylvania, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Botswana Ministry of Health and University of Botswana has been obtained. C1 [Zetola, N. M.] Univ Penn, Dept Radiat Oncol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Modongo, C.] Univ Penn, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Modongo, C.] Univ Pennsylvania Gaborone, Dept Med, Botswana UPenn Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana. [Moonan, P. K.; Click, E.; Oeltmann, J. E.; Finlay, A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Shepherd, J.] Yale Univ, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, New Heaven, CT USA. RP Zetola, NM (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Radiat Oncol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM nzetola@gmail.com FU US National Institute of Health [R01AI097045] FX This work was supported by the US National Institute of Health grant number R01AI097045. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 2044-6055 J9 BMJ OPEN JI BMJ Open PY 2016 VL 6 IS 5 AR e010046 DI 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010046 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DP3SF UT WOS:000378414700021 PM 27160840 ER PT J AU Asher, AK Portillo, CJ Cooper, BA Dawson-Rose, C Vlahov, D Page, KA AF Asher, Alice K. Portillo, Carmen J. Cooper, Bruce A. Dawson-Rose, Carol Vlahov, David Page, Kimberly A. TI Clinicians'Views of Hepatitis C Virus Treatment Candidacy With Direct-Acting Antiviral Regimens for People Who Inject Drugs SO SUBSTANCE USE & MISUSE LA English DT Article DE Hepatitis C treatment; people who inject drugs (PWID); injection drug use; direct-acting antiviral hepatitis treatment candidacy; providers; hepatitis C cure; abstinence ID USERS; INFECTION; ERADICATION; REINFECTION; SOFOSBUVIR; BOOTSTRAP AB Background: Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) are curative in most persons with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. However, high cost and concerns about adherence and reinfection may present continued barriers to treatment, particularly for people who inject drugs (PWID). Objective: To understand changes in assessments of treatment candidacy, given advances in treatment. Methods: Clinicians attending the LiverMeeting (R) in 2014 who reported prescribing HCV treatment in the past three years were invited to complete a survey regarding HCV treatment decisions. Participants assessed their likelihood to treat HCV in PWID in association with time of abstinence from injection drug use and what impacts their decision to provide treatment using interferon and DAAs. Results: 108 clinicians completed the survey; 10% were willing to treat an active PWID (last injection within 30 days) using interferon-containing regimens, and 15% with all-oral regimens. For each increasing time interval of injection abstinence, there was an increase in the odds of a clinician reporting willingness to treat with DAAs (Odds Ratio (OR) 2.57, 95% CI 2.18, 3.03) and with interferon-based treatment (OR 2.22 (95% CI 1.90, 2.61), Reinfection and medication cost were cited as most important concerns when determining candidacy. Conclusions: A cure is now the norm in HCV treatment, and there is an increasing need to address the barriers to treating PWID, the population with the highest burden of infection. Understanding treatment candidacy assessments is essential to improving uptake. This study provides insight into how clinicians view treatment candidacy in this era of DAAs and can help identify supportive treatment environments and concurrent programs. C1 [Asher, Alice K.; Portillo, Carmen J.; Cooper, Bruce A.; Dawson-Rose, Carol; Vlahov, David] Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Nursing, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Asher, Alice K.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Inst Global Hlth, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Page, Kimberly A.] Univ New Mexico, Hlth Sci Ctr, Biostat & Prevent Med, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Asher, AK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-37, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM AliceKAsher@gmail.com FU UCSF Graduate Dean's Health Sciences Fellowship FX This work was supported by the UCSF Graduate Dean's Health Sciences Fellowship. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1082-6084 EI 1532-2491 J9 SUBST USE MISUSE JI Subst. Use Misuse PY 2016 VL 51 IS 9 BP 1218 EP 1223 DI 10.3109/10826084.2016.1161054 PG 6 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry; Psychology SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry; Psychology GA DP1CO UT WOS:000378228200014 PM 27219274 ER PT J AU Basile, KC Smith, SG Fowler, DN Walters, ML Hamburger, ME AF Basile, Kathleen C. Smith, Sharon G. Fowler, Dawnovise N. Walters, Mikel L. Hamburger, Merle E. TI Sexual Violence Victimization and Associations with Health in a Community Sample of African American Women SO JOURNAL OF AGGRESSION MALTREATMENT & TRAUMA LA English DT Article DE Help-seeking; negative health experiences; rape; sexual coercion ID INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE; POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; RAPE MEDICAL-CARE; MENTAL-HEALTH; DOMESTIC VIOLENCE; NATIONAL SAMPLE; PHYSICAL HEALTH; MINORITY WOMEN; ASSAULT; VICTIMS AB Limited information exists on the relationship between sexual violence victimization and health among African American women. Using data from a community sample of African American women, we examine the association between current health and lifetime experiences of sexual violence. In-person interviews were completed in 2010. Among interviewees, 53.7% of women reported rape victimization and 44.8% reported sexual coercion in their lifetime. Victims of rape or sexual coercion were significantly more likely to report depression and posttraumatic stress disorder during their lifetime. Among victims whose first unwanted sexual experience was rape or sexual coercion, perpetrators were mostly acquaintances and intimate partners, and over one third were injured and needed services. More attention is needed on the health needs of African American women and their association to victimization status. C1 [Basile, Kathleen C.; Smith, Sharon G.; Fowler, Dawnovise N.; Walters, Mikel L.; Hamburger, Merle E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Basile, KC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Violence Prevent, Mailstop F64,4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM kbasile@cdc.gov NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1092-6771 EI 1545-083X J9 J AGGRESS MALTREAT T JI J. Aggress. Maltreatment Trauma PY 2016 VL 25 IS 3 BP 231 EP 253 DI 10.1080/10926771.2015.1079283 PG 23 WC Psychology, Clinical; Criminology & Penology; Family Studies; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Criminology & Penology; Family Studies; Psychiatry GA DO3SG UT WOS:000377701100001 ER PT B AU Zhao, D Peng, H Lam, H Bao, S Nobukawa, K LeBlanc, DJ Pan, CS AF Zhao, Ding Peng, Huei Lam, Henry Bao, Shan Nobukawa, Kazutoshi LeBlanc, David J. Pan, Christopher S. GP ASME TI ACCELERATED EVALUATION OF AUTOMATED VEHICLES IN LANE CHANGE SCENARIOS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME 8TH ANNUAL DYNAMIC SYSTEMS AND CONTROL CONFERENCE, 2015, VOL 1 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th ASME Annual Dynamic Systems and Control Conference (DSCC 2015) CY OCT 28-30, 2015 CL Columbus, OH SP ASME, Dynam Syst & Control Div ID DRIVER MODEL; SIMULATION AB It is important to rigorously and comprehensively evaluate the safety of Automated Vehicles (AVs) before their production and deployment. A popular AV evaluation approach is Naturalistic-Field Operational Test (N-FOT) which tests prototype vehicles directly on public roads. Due to the low exposure to safety-critical scenarios, N-FOTs is time-consuming and expensive to conduct. Computer simulations can be used as an alternative to N-FOTs, especially in terms of generating motions of the surrounding traffic. In this paper, we propose an accelerated evaluation approach for AVs. Human-controlled vehicles (HVs) were modeled as disturbance to AVs based on data extracted from the Safety Pilot Model Deployment Program. The cut-in scenarios are generated based on skewed statistics of collected human driver behavior, which amplifies riskier testing scenarios while reserves its statistical information so that the safety benefits of AV in non-accelerated cases can be accurately estimated. An AV model based on a production vehicle was tested. Results show that the proposed method can accelerate the evaluation process by at least 100 times. C1 [Zhao, Ding; Peng, Huei] Univ Michigan, Dept Mech Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Lam, Henry] Univ Michigan, Dept Ind & Operat Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Bao, Shan; Nobukawa, Kazutoshi; LeBlanc, David J.] Univ Michigan, Transportat Res Inst, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Pan, Christopher S.] CDC, NIOSH, Div Safety Res, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Zhao, D (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Mech Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5724-3 PY 2016 AR V001T17A002 PG 9 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Mechanical SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BE9IX UT WOS:000377639000086 ER PT J AU Mirkovic, KR Perrine, CG Subedi, GR Mebrahtu, S Dahal, P Jefferds, MED AF Mirkovic, Kelsey R. Perrine, Cria G. Subedi, Giri Raj Mebrahtu, Saba Dahal, Pradiumna Jefferds, Maria Elena D. TI Micronutrient powder use and infant and young child feeding practices in an integrated program SO ASIA PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE micronutrient powders; Nepal; infant and young child feeding; breastfeeding; child nutrition ID UNDERNUTRITION; INTERVENTIONS AB Integrated infant and young child feeding (IYCF)/micronutrient powder (MNP) programs are increasingly used to address poor IYCF practices and micronutrient deficiencies in low-income settings; however, little is known about how MNP use may affect IYCF practices. We describe how MNP use was associated with IYCF practices in a pilot program in select districts of Nepal where free MNP for children 6-23 months were added to an existing IYCF platform. Representative cross-sectional surveys were conducted in pilot districts with mothers of eligible children at 3 months (plains ecozone, n=1054) or 15 months (hill ecozone, rural only, n=654) after implementation of an integrated MNP/IYCF program. We used logistic regression to assess how IYCF practices varied by MNP use (none, 1-30, 30-60 sachets). At both time points, consuming 30-60 MNP sachets vs. none was associated with achieving minimum dietary diversity and minimum acceptable diet. In the 3 month survey consuming 3060 MNP sachets vs none was also associated with achieving minimum meal frequency and continued breastfeeding at 2 years. In this setting, addition of MNP to an existing platform of IYCF messaging did not appear detrimental to IYCF practices. C1 [Mirkovic, Kelsey R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mirkovic, Kelsey R.; Perrine, Cria G.; Jefferds, Maria Elena D.] CDC, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Subedi, Giri Raj] Minist Hlth & Populat, Child Hlth Div, Kathmandu, Nepal. [Mebrahtu, Saba; Dahal, Pradiumna] UNICEF, Nutr Sect, Kathmandu, Nepal. RP Jefferds, MED (reprint author), 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop F-77, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mjefferds@cdc.gov FU UNICEF Nepal FX The Government of Nepal, Ministry of Health and Population and UNICEF Nepal Country Office supported the implementation of the pilot intervention. UNICEF Nepal funded an agency to conduct the external monitoring surveys. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU H E C PRESS, HEALTHY EATING CLUB PTY LTD PI MCKINNON PA PO BOX 4121, MCKINNON, VIC 3204, AUSTRALIA SN 0964-7058 EI 1440-6047 J9 ASIA PAC J CLIN NUTR JI Asia Pac. J. Clin. Nutr. PY 2016 VL 25 IS 2 BP 350 EP 355 DI 10.6133/apjcn.2016.25.2.19 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA DN4PZ UT WOS:000377051000016 PM 27222419 ER PT J AU Woods, LO Bridges, CB Graitcer, SB Lamont, B AF Woods, LaDora O. Bridges, Carolyn B. Graitcer, Samuel B. Lamont, Brock TI US Immunization program adult immunization activities and resources SO HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article DE adult; immunization; vaccines ID UNITED-STATES; INFLUENZA VACCINATION; COVERAGE; SEASON; WOMEN AB Adults are recommended to receive vaccines based on their age, medical conditions, prior vaccinations, occupation and lifestyle. However, adult immunization coverage is low in the United States and lags substantially below Healthy People 2020 goals. To assess activities and resources designated for adult immunization programs by state and local health department immunization programs in the United States, we analyzed 2012 and 2013 data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) Program Annual Reports and Progress Assessments (PAPA) survey of CDC-funded immunization programs. Fifty-six of 64 funded US immunization programs' responses were included in the analysis. Eighty-two percent of (n = 46) programs reported having a designated adult immunization coordinator in 2012 and 73% (n = 41) in 2013. Of the 46 coordinators reported in 2012, 30% (n = 14) spent more than 50% of their time on adult immunization activities, and only 24% (n = 10) of the 41 adult coordinators in 2013 spent more than 50% of their time on adult immunization activities. In 2012, 23% (n = 13) of the 56 programs had a separate immunization coalition for adults and 68% (n = 38) included adult issues in their overall immunization program coalition. In 2013, 25% (n = 14) had a separate adult immunization coalition while 57% (n = 32) incorporated adult immunizations into their overall immunization program coalition. The results indicate substantial variation across the US in public health infrastructure to support adult immunizations. Continued assessment of adult immunization resources and activities will be important in improving adult immunization coverage levels though program support. With many programs having limited resources dedicated to improving adult immunization rates in the in US, efforts by the health departments to collaborate with providers and other partners in their jurisdictions to increase awareness, increase the use of proven strategies to improve vaccination of adults, and implement the Standards for Adult Immunization Practice may lead to improved adult immunization coverage and fewer illnesses, hospitalizations and deaths from vaccine preventable diseases. C1 [Woods, LaDora O.] Carter Consulting Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bridges, Carolyn B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, ISD, NCIRD, Atlanta, GA USA. [Graitcer, Samuel B.; Lamont, Brock] CDC, ISD, NCIRD, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Woods, LO (reprint author), Carter Consulting Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. EM LWoods1@cdc.gov NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 2164-5515 EI 2164-554X J9 HUM VACC IMMUNOTHER JI Human Vaccines Immunother. PY 2016 VL 12 IS 4 BP 1045 EP 1050 DI 10.1080/21645515.2015.1109756 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology GA DN5RW UT WOS:000377129200041 PM 26577532 ER PT J AU Lankford, JE Meinke, DK Flamme, GA Finan, DS Stewart, M Tasko, S Murphy, WJ AF Lankford, James E. Meinke, Deanna K. Flamme, Gregory A. Finan, Donald S. Stewart, Michael Tasko, Stephen Murphy, William J. TI Auditory risk of air rifles SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AUDIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 40th Annual Meeting of the National-Hearing-Conservation-Association (NHCA) on Celebrating Hearing Loss Prevention CY 2015 CL New Orleans, LA SP Natl Hearing Conservat Assoc, Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, Council Accrediat Occupat Hearing Conservat, Safe Sound, ETYMOTIC, Workplace Integra DE Air rifles; air guns; recreational shooting; noise-induced hearing loss; auditory risk; impulse noise; youth health risk; firearms ID NOISE AB Objective: To characterize the impulse noise exposure and auditory risk for air rifle users for both youth and adults. Design: Acoustic characteristics were examined and the auditory risk estimates were evaluated using contemporary damage-risk criteria for unprotected adult listeners and the 120-dB peak limit and L-Aeq75 exposure limit suggested by the World Health Organization (1999) for children. Study sample: Impulses were generated by nine pellet air rifles and one BB air rifle. Results: None of the air rifles generated peak levels that exceeded the 140 dB peak limit for adults, and eight (80%) exceeded the 120 dB peak SPL limit for youth. In general, for both adults and youth, there is minimal auditory risk when shooting fewer than 100 unprotected shots with pellet air rifles. Air rifles with suppressors were less hazardous than those without suppressors, and the pellet air rifles with higher velocities were generally more hazardous than those with lower velocities. Conclusion: To minimize auditory risk, youth should utilize air rifles with an integrated suppressor and lower velocity ratings. Air rifle shooters are advised to wear hearing protection whenever engaging in shooting activities in order to gain self-efficacy and model appropriate hearing health behaviors necessary for recreational firearm use. C1 [Lankford, James E.] No Illinois Univ, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Meinke, Deanna K.; Finan, Donald S.] Univ No Colorado, Audiol & Speech Language Sci, Greeley, CO 80639 USA. [Flamme, Gregory A.; Tasko, Stephen] Western Michigan Univ, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. [Stewart, Michael] Cent Michigan Univ, Dept Commun Disorders, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA. [Murphy, William J.] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Meinke, DK (reprint author), Univ No Colorado, ASLS Campus Box 140, Greeley, CO 80639 USA. EM Deanna.Meinke@unco.edu FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1499-2027 EI 1708-8186 J9 INT J AUDIOL JI Int. J. Audiol. PY 2016 VL 55 SU 1 SI SI BP S51 EP S58 DI 10.3109/14992027.2015.1131851 PG 8 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology GA DM9XW UT WOS:000376720000007 PM 26840923 ER PT J AU Li, RX Stewart, B Weintraub, E AF Li, Rongxia Stewart, Brock Weintraub, Eric TI Evaluating efficiency and statistical power of self-controlled case series and self-controlled risk interval designs in vaccine safety SO JOURNAL OF BIOPHARMACEUTICAL STATISTICS LA English DT Article DE Febrile seizure; observational data; study design; Vaccine Safety Datalink ID INFLUENZA VACCINE; DATALINK PROJECT; FEBRILE SEIZURES; SURVEILLANCE AB The self-controlled case series (SCCS) and self-controlled risk interval (SCRI) designs have recently become widely used in the field of post-licensure vaccine safety monitoring to detect potential elevated risks of adverse events following vaccinations. The SCRI design can be viewed as a subset of the SCCS method in that a reduced comparison time window is used for the analysis. Compared to the SCCS method, the SCRI design has less statistical power due to fewer events occurring in the shorter control interval. In this study, we derived the asymptotic relative efficiency (ARE) between these two methods to quantify this loss in power in the SCRI design. The equation is formulated as (a: control indow-length ratio between SCRI and SCCS designs; b: ratio of risk window length and control window length in the SCCS design; and : relative risk of exposed window to control window). According to this equation, the relative efficiency declines as the ratio of control-period length between SCRI and SCCS methods decreases, or with an increase in the relative risk. We provide an example utilizing data from the Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD) to study the potential elevated risk of febrile seizure following seasonal influenza vaccine in the 2010-2011 season. C1 [Li, Rongxia; Stewart, Brock; Weintraub, Eric] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Li, RX (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, MS D-26,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM vwo3@cdc.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1054-3406 EI 1520-5711 J9 J BIOPHARM STAT JI J. Biopharm. Stat. PY 2016 VL 26 IS 4 BP 686 EP 693 DI 10.1080/10543406.2015.1052819 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Statistics & Probability SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Mathematics GA DN5GY UT WOS:000377095800007 PM 26098696 ER PT S AU Weldon, WC Oberste, MS Pallansch, MA AF Weldon, William C. Oberste, M. Steven Pallansch, Mark A. BE Martin, J TI Standardized Methods for Detection of Poliovirus Antibodies SO POLIOVIRUS: METHODS AND PROTOCOLS SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Poliovirus; Neutralization; Antibodies; ELISA; IgA; IgM; OPV; IPV; Dried blood spot AB Testing for neutralizing antibodies against polioviruses has been an established gold standard for assessing individual protection from disease, population immunity, vaccine efficacy studies, and other vaccine clinical trials. Detecting poliovirus specific IgM and IgA in sera and mucosal specimens has been proposed for evaluating the status of population mucosal immunity. More recently, there has been a renewed interest in using dried blood spot cards as a medium for sample collection to enhance surveillance of poliovirus immunity. Here, we describe the modified poliovirus microneutralization assay, poliovirus capture IgM and IgA ELISA assays, and dried blood spot polio serology procedures for the detection of antibodies against poliovirus serotypes 1, 2, and 3. C1 [Weldon, William C.; Oberste, M. Steven; Pallansch, Mark A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Polio & Picornavirus Lab Branch, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Weldon, WC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Polio & Picornavirus Lab Branch, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-3292-4; 978-1-4939-3291-7 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2016 VL 1387 BP 145 EP 176 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-3292-4_8 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-3292-4 PG 32 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Infectious Diseases; Medical Laboratory Technology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Infectious Diseases; Medical Laboratory Technology; Virology GA BE8LQ UT WOS:000376577800009 PM 26983734 ER PT S AU Burns, CC Kilpatrick, DR Iber, JC Chen, Q Kew, OM AF Burns, Cara C. Kilpatrick, David R. Iber, Jane C. Chen, Qi Kew, Olen M. BE Martin, J TI Molecular Properties of Poliovirus Isolates: Nucleotide Sequence Analysis, Typing by PCR and Real-Time RT-PCR SO POLIOVIRUS: METHODS AND PROTOCOLS SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Poliovirus; Poliomyelitis; Sequencing; Sanger; Molecular; Polymerase chain reaction; Molecular serotyping ID VACCINE-DERIVED POLIOVIRUSES; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; DEOXYINOSINE RESIDUES; TYPE-3 POLIOVIRUS; CODON DEGENERACY; MIXED-BASE; IN-VITRO; IDENTIFICATION; DIFFERENTIATION; PRIMERS AB Virologic surveillance is essential to the success of the World Health Organization initiative to eradicate poliomyelitis. Molecular methods have been used to detect polioviruses in tissue culture isolates derived from stool samples obtained through surveillance for acute flaccid paralysis. This chapter describes the use of realtime PCR assays to identify and serotype polioviruses. In particular, a degenerate, inosine-containing, panpoliovirus (panPV) PCR primer set is used to distinguish polioviruses from NPEVs. The high degree of nucleotide sequence diversity among polioviruses presents a challenge to the systematic design of nucleic acid-based reagents. To accommodate the wide variability and rapid evolution of poliovirus genomes, degenerate codon positions on the template were matched to mixed-base or deoxyinosine residues on both the primers and the TaqMan (TM) probes. Additional assays distinguish between Sabin vaccine strains and non-Sabin strains. This chapter also describes the use of generic poliovirus specifi c primers, along with degenerate and inosine-containing primers, for routine VP1 sequencing of poliovirus isolates. These primers, along with nondegenerate serotype-specifi c Sabin primers, can also be used to sequence individual polioviruses in mixtures. C1 [Burns, Cara C.; Kilpatrick, David R.; Iber, Jane C.; Chen, Qi; Kew, Olen M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Polio & Picornavirus Lab Branch, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Burns, CC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Polio & Picornavirus Lab Branch, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-3292-4; 978-1-4939-3291-7 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2016 VL 1387 BP 177 EP 212 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-3292-4_9 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-3292-4 PG 36 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Infectious Diseases; Medical Laboratory Technology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Infectious Diseases; Medical Laboratory Technology; Virology GA BE8LQ UT WOS:000376577800010 PM 26983735 ER PT S AU Jorba, J AF Jorba, Jaume BE Martin, J TI Phylogenetic Analysis of Poliovirus Sequences SO POLIOVIRUS: METHODS AND PROTOCOLS SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Phylogenetic analysis; Maximum-likelihood; Bayesian MCMC; Poliovirus evolution ID VACCINE-DERIVED POLIOVIRUSES; TYPE-2 AB Comparative genomic sequencing is a major surveillance tool in the Polio Laboratory Network. Due to the rapid evolution of polioviruses (similar to 1 % per year), pathways of virus transmission can be reconstructed from the pathways of genomic evolution. Here, we describe three main phylogenetic methods; estimation of genetic distances, reconstruction of a maximum-likelihood (ML) tree, and estimation of substitution rates using Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC). The data set used consists of complete capsid sequences from a survey of poliovirus sequences available in GenBank. C1 [Jorba, Jaume] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Polio & Picornavirus Lab Branch, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Jorba, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Polio & Picornavirus Lab Branch, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-3292-4; 978-1-4939-3291-7 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2016 VL 1387 BP 227 EP 237 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-3292-4_11 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-3292-4 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Infectious Diseases; Medical Laboratory Technology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Infectious Diseases; Medical Laboratory Technology; Virology GA BE8LQ UT WOS:000376577800012 PM 26983737 ER PT J AU Dellicour, S Aol, G Ouma, P Yan, N Bigogo, G Hamel, MJ Burton, DC Oneko, M Breiman, RF Slutsker, L Feikin, D Kariuki, S Odhiambo, F Calip, G Stergachis, A Laserson, KF ter Kuile, FO Desai, M AF Dellicour, Stephanie Aol, George Ouma, Peter Yan, Nicole Bigogo, Godfrey Hamel, Mary J. Burton, Deron C. Oneko, Martina Breiman, Robert F. Slutsker, Laurence Feikin, Daniel Kariuki, Simon Odhiambo, Frank Calip, Gregory Stergachis, Andreas Laserson, Kayla F. ter Kuile, Feiko O. Desai, Meghna TI Weekly miscarriage rates in a community-based prospective cohort study in rural western Kenya SO BMJ OPEN LA English DT Article ID EARLY-PREGNANCY LOSS; SPONTANEOUS-ABORTION; GESTATIONAL-AGE; MORBIDITY SURVEILLANCE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; EXPOSURE; HEALTH; RISK; DERIVATIVES; MALARIA AB Objective: Information on adverse pregnancy outcomes is important to monitor the impact of public health interventions. Miscarriage is a challenging end point to ascertain and there is scarce information on its rate in low-income countries. The objective was to estimate the background rate and cumulative probability of miscarriage in rural western Kenya. Design: This was a population-based prospective cohort. Participants and setting: Women of childbearing age were followed prospectively to identify pregnancies and ascertain their outcomes in Siaya County, western Kenya. The cohort study was carried out in 33 adjacent villages under health and demographic surveillance. Outcome measure: Miscarriage. Results: Between 2011 and 2013, among 5536 women of childbearing age, 1453 pregnancies were detected and 1134 were included in the analysis. The cumulative probability was 18.9%. The weekly miscarriage rate declined steadily with increasing gestation until approximately 20 weeks. Known risk factors for miscarriage such as maternal age, gravidity, occupation, household wealth and HIV infection were confirmed. Conclusions: This is the first report of weekly miscarriage rates in a rural African setting in the context of high HIV and malaria prevalence. Future studies should consider the involvement of community health workers to identify the pregnancy cohort of early gestation for better data on the actual number of pregnancies and the assessment of miscarriage. C1 [Dellicour, Stephanie; Yan, Nicole; ter Kuile, Feiko O.] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. [Aol, George; Ouma, Peter; Bigogo, Godfrey; Oneko, Martina; Kariuki, Simon; Odhiambo, Frank] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Kisumu, Kenya. [Hamel, Mary J.; Burton, Deron C.; Slutsker, Laurence; Feikin, Daniel; Laserson, Kayla F.; Desai, Meghna] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Breiman, Robert F.] Emory Univ, Global Hlth Inst, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Calip, Gregory] Univ Illinois, Pharm Syst Outcomes & Policy Dept, Chicago, IL USA. [Stergachis, Andreas] Univ Washington, Sch Pharm, Dept Pharm, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Stergachis, Andreas] Univ Washington, Sch Pharm, Dept Global Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Stergachis, Andreas] Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Dellicour, S (reprint author), Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. EM stephanie.dellicour@lstmed.ac.uk OI Calip, Gregory/0000-0002-7744-3518; ter Kuile, Feiko/0000-0003-3663-5617 FU Malaria in Pregnancy (MiP) Consortium - Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria; Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Center for Global Health Research (CGHR), Kisumu, Kenya FX This work was partly supported by the Malaria in Pregnancy (MiP) Consortium, which is funded through a grant from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation to the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, UK and partly by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria through a cooperative agreement with Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Center for Global Health Research (CGHR), Kisumu, Kenya. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 2044-6055 J9 BMJ OPEN JI BMJ Open PY 2016 VL 6 IS 4 AR e011088 DI 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011088 PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DM5LV UT WOS:000376391400139 PM 27084287 ER PT J AU Arbogast, K Curry, A Pfeiffer, M Zonfrillo, M Haarbauer-Krupa, J Breiding, M Coronado, V Master, C AF Arbogast, Kristy Curry, Allison Pfeiffer, Melissa Zonfrillo, Mark Haarbauer-Krupa, Juliet Breiding, Matthew Coronado, Victor Master, Christina TI Healthcare utilization for concussion within a large paediatric care network SO BRAIN INJURY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Arbogast, Kristy; Curry, Allison; Pfeiffer, Melissa; Master, Christina] Childrens Hosp Philadephia, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Zonfrillo, Mark] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Haarbauer-Krupa, Juliet; Breiding, Matthew; Coronado, Victor] CDC, Div Unintent Injury, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0269-9052 EI 1362-301X J9 BRAIN INJURY JI Brain Inj. PY 2016 VL 30 IS 5-6 MA 0771 BP 779 EP 779 PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Rehabilitation SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Rehabilitation GA DM5KP UT WOS:000376388200662 ER PT J AU Crews, JE Chou, CF Zack, MM Zhang, XZ Bullard, KM Morse, AR Saaddine, JB AF Crews, John E. Chou, Chiu-Fang Zack, Matthew M. Zhang, Xinzhi Bullard, Kai McKeever Morse, Alan R. Saaddine, Jinan B. TI The Association of Health-Related Quality of Life with Severity of Visual Impairment among People Aged 40-64 Years: Findings from the 2006-2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System SO OPHTHALMIC EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS); health-related quality of life; middle age; visual impairment; working age ID BLUE MOUNTAINS EYE; DIABETES-MELLITUS; FUNCTIONAL STATUS; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; CARE UTILIZATION; ADULTS FINDINGS; UNITED-STATES; OLDER-ADULTS; VISION; IMPACT AB Purpose: To examine the association of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) with severity of visual impairment among people aged 40-64 years. Methods: We used cross-sectional data from the 2006-2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System to examine six measures of HRQoL: self-reported health, physically unhealthy days, mentally unhealthy days, activity limitation days, life satisfaction, and disability. Visual impairment was categorized as no, a little, or moderate/severe. We examined the association between visual impairment and HRQoL using logistic regression accounting for the survey's complex design. Results: Overall, 23.0% of the participants reported a little difficult seeing, while 16.8% reported moderate/severe difficulty seeing. People aged 40-64 years with moderate/severe visual impairment had more frequent (>= 14) physically unhealthy days, mentally unhealthy days, and activity limitation days in the last 30 days, as well as greater life dissatisfaction, greater disability, and poorer health compared to people reporting no or a little visual impairment. After controlling for covariates (age, sex, marital status, race/ethnicity, education, income, state, year, health insurance, heart disease, stroke, heart attack, body mass index, leisure-time activity, smoking, and medical care costs), and compared to people with no visual impairment, those with moderate/severe visual impairment were more likely to have fair/poor health (odds ratio, OR, 2.01, 95% confidence interval, CI, 1.82-2.23), life dissatisfaction (OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.80-2.35), disability (OR 1.95, 95% CI 1.80-2.13), and frequent physically unhealthy days (OR 1.69, 95% CI 1.52-1.88), mentally unhealthy days (OR 1.84, 95% CI 1.66-2.05), and activity limitation days (OR 1.94, 95% CI 1.71-2.20; all p < 0.0001). Conclusion: Poor HRQoL was strongly associated with moderate/severe visual impairment among people aged 40-64 years. C1 [Crews, John E.; Chou, Chiu-Fang; Zack, Matthew M.; Bullard, Kai McKeever; Saaddine, Jinan B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Zhang, Xinzhi] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA. [Morse, Alan R.] Lighthouse Guild, New York, NY USA. RP Crews, JE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM Jcrews@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This study was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0928-6586 EI 1744-5086 J9 OPHTHAL EPIDEMIOL JI Ophthalmic Epidemiol. PY 2016 VL 23 IS 3 BP 145 EP 153 DI 10.3109/09286586.2016.1168851 PG 9 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA DM7ED UT WOS:000376518000002 PM 27159347 ER PT J AU Verbeek, JH Ijaz, S Mischke, C Ruotsalainen, JH Makela, E Neuvonen, K Edmond, MB Sauni, R Balci, FSK Mihalache, RC AF Verbeek, Jos H. Ijaz, Sharea Mischke, Christina Ruotsalainen, Jani H. Makela, Erja Neuvonen, Kaisa Edmond, Michael B. Sauni, Riitta Balci, F. Selcen Kilinc Mihalache, Raluca C. TI Personal protective equipment for preventing highly infectious diseases due to exposure to contaminated body fluids in healthcare staff SO COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME; EBOLA-VIRUS DISEASE; MARBURG HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; OF-THE-LITERATURE; CORONAVIRUS INFECTION; CONTROL PRECAUTIONS; FACIAL PROTECTION; HONG-KONG; CONTACT PRECAUTIONS; SARS TRANSMISSION AB Background In epidemics of highly infectious diseases, such as Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) or SARS, healthcare workers (HCW) are at much greater risk of infection than the general population, due to their contact with patients' contaminated body fluids. Contact precautions by means of personal protective equipment (PPE) can reduce the risk. It is unclear which type of PPE protects best, what is the best way to remove PPE, and how to make sure HCWs use PPE as instructed. Objectives To evaluate which type or component of full-body PPE and which method of donning or removing (doffing) PPE have the least risk of self-contamination or infection for HCWs, and which training methods most increase compliance with PPE protocols. Search methods We searched MEDLINE (PubMed up to 8 January 2016), Cochrane Central Register of Trials (CENTRAL up to 20 January 2016), EMBASE (embase.com up to 8 January 2016), CINAHL (EBSCOhost up to 20 January 2016), and OSH-Update up to 8 January 2016. We also screened reference lists of included trials and relevant reviews, and contacted NGOs and manufacturers of PPE. Selection criteria We included all eligible controlled studies that compared the effect of types or components of PPE in HCWs exposed to highly infectious diseases with serious consequences, such as EVD and SARS, on the risk of infection, contamination, or noncompliance with protocols. This included studies that simulated contamination with fluorescent markers or a non-pathogenic virus. We also included studies that compared the effect of various ways of donning or removing PPE, and the effects of various types of training in PPE use on the same outcomes. Data collection and analysis Two authors independently selected studies, extracted data and assessed risk of bias in included trials. We intended to perform meta-analyses but we did not find sufficiently similar studies to combine their results. Main results We included nine studies with 1200 participants evaluating ten interventions. Of these, eight trials simulated the exposure with a fluorescent marker or virus or bacteria containing fluids. Five studies evaluated different types of PPE against each other but two did not report sufficient data. Another two studies compared different types of donning and doffing and three studies evaluated the effect of different types of training. None of the included studies reported a standardised classification of the protective properties against viral penetration of the PPE, and only one reported the brand of PPE used. None of the studies were conducted with HCWs exposed to EVD but in one study participants were exposed to SARS. Different types of PPE versus each other In simulation studies, contamination rates varied from 25% to 100% of participants for all types of PPE. In one study, PPE made of more breathable material did not lead to a statistically significantly different number of spots with contamination but did have greater user satisfaction (Mean Difference (MD) -0.46 (95% Confidence Interval (CI) -0.84 to -0.08, range 1 to 5, very low quality evidence). In another study, gowns protected better than aprons. In yet another study, the use of a powered air-purifying respirator protected better than a now outdated form of PPE. There were no studies on goggles versus face shields, on long-versus short-sleeved gloves, or on the use of taping PPE parts together. Different methods of donning and doffing procedures versus each other Two cross-over simulation studies (one RCT, one CCT) compared different methods for donning and doffing against each other. Double gloving led to less contamination compared to single gloving (Relative Risk (RR) 0.36; 95% CI 0.16 to 0.78, very low quality evidence) in one simulation study, but not to more noncompliance with guidance (RR 1.08; 95% CI 0.70 to 1.67, very low quality evidence). Following CDC recommendations for doffing led to less contamination in another study (very low quality evidence). There were no studies on the use of disinfectants while doffing. Different types of training versus each other In one study, the use of additional computer simulation led to less errors in doffing (MD -1.2, 95% CI -1.6 to -0.7) and in another study additional spoken instruction led to less errors (MD -0.9, 95% CI -1.4 to -0.4). One retrospective cohort study assessed the effect of active training - defined as face-to-face instruction - versus passive training - defined as folders or videos - on noncompliance with PPE use and on noncompliance with doffing guidance. Active training did not considerably reduce noncompliance in PPE use (Odds Ratio (OR) 0.63; 95% CI 0.31 to 1.30) but reduced noncompliance with doffing procedures (OR 0.45; 95% CI 0.21 to 0.98, very low quality evidence). There were no studies on how to retain the results of training in the long term or on resource use. The quality of the evidence was very low for all comparisons because of high risk of bias in studies, indirectness of evidence, and small numbers of participants. This means that it is likely that the true effect can be substantially different from the one reported here. Authors' conclusions We found very low quality evidence that more breathable types of PPE may not lead to more contamination, but may have greater user satisfaction. We also found very low quality evidence that double gloving and CDC doffing guidance appear to decrease the risk of contamination and that more active training in PPE use may reduce PPE and doffing errors more than passive training. However, the data all come from single studies with high risk of bias and we are uncertain about the estimates of effects. We need simulation studies conducted with several dozens of participants, preferably using a non-pathogenic virus, to find out which type and combination of PPE protects best, and what is the best way to remove PPE. We also need randomised controlled studies of the effects of one type of training versus another to find out which training works best in the long term. HCWs exposed to highly infectious diseases should have their use of PPE registered and should be prospectively followed for their risk of infection. C1 [Verbeek, Jos H.; Ijaz, Sharea; Mischke, Christina; Ruotsalainen, Jani H.; Mihalache, Raluca C.] Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Cochrane Work Review Grp, POB 310, Kuopio 70101, Finland. [Makela, Erja] Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Helsinki, Finland. [Neuvonen, Kaisa] Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Cochrane Work Review Grp, Helsinki, Finland. [Edmond, Michael B.] Univ Iowa Hosp & Clin, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Sauni, Riitta] Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Tampere, Finland. [Balci, F. Selcen Kilinc] NIOSH, NPPTL, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Verbeek, JH (reprint author), Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Cochrane Work Review Grp, POB 310, Kuopio 70101, Finland. EM jos.verbeek@ttl.fi FU Cochrane Collaboration, UK; Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Finland; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, USA FX Internal sources; Cochrane Collaboration, UK.; Bursary to Sharea Ijaz; Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Finland.; Salary for Jos Verbeek, Christina Mischke, Jani Ruotsalainen, Erja Makela and Kaisa Neuvonen; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, USA.; Salary for F Selcen Kilinc Balci NR 148 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1469-493X EI 1361-6137 J9 COCHRANE DB SYST REV JI Cochrane Database Syst Rev. PY 2016 IS 4 AR CD011621 DI 10.1002/14651858.CD011621.pub2 PG 91 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DL8YM UT WOS:000375928100026 ER PT J AU Clark, SJ Cowan, AE Filipp, SL Fisher, AM Stokley, S AF Clark, Sarah J. Cowan, Anne E. Filipp, Stephanie L. Fisher, Allison M. Stokley, Shannon TI Parent HPV vaccine perspectives and the likelihood of HPV vaccination of adolescent males SO HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article DE adolescent; human papillomavirus; male; parents; vaccine ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS VACCINATION; UNITED-STATES; COVERAGE AB In 2013, approximately one-third of US adolescent males age 13-17 y had received >= 1 doses of HPV vaccines and only 14% had received >= 3 doses. This study used a nationally representative, online survey to explore experiences and attitudes related to HPV vaccination among parents with adolescent sons. Analyses compared the perspective of parents who do not intend to initiate HPV vaccine for >= 1 adolescent son to that of parents who are likely to initiate or continue HPV vaccination. Of 809 parents of sons age 11-17 years, half were classified as Unlikely to Initiate HPV vaccination and 39% as Likely to Vaccinate. A higher proportion of the Likely to Vaccinate group felt their son's doctor was knowledgeable about HPV vaccine, did a good job explaining its purpose, and spent more time discussing HPV vaccine; in contrast, over half of the Unlikely to Initiate group had never discussed HPV vaccine with their child's doctor. The majority of parents in both groups showed favorable attitudes to adolescent vaccination in general, with lower levels of support for HPV vaccine-specific statements. Physician-parent communication around HPV vaccine for adolescent males should build on positive attitude toward vaccines in general, while addressing parents' HPV vaccine-specific concerns. C1 [Clark, Sarah J.; Cowan, Anne E.; Filipp, Stephanie L.] Univ Michigan, Child Hlth Evaluat & Res CHEAR Unit, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Fisher, Allison M.; Stokley, Shannon] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Clark, SJ (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Child Hlth Evaluat & Res CHEAR Unit, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM saclark@med.umich.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [5-U48-DP-001901] FX This work is a product of a Prevention Research Center and was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through Cooperative Agreement #5-U48-DP-001901. The findings and conclusions are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 2164-5515 EI 2164-554X J9 HUM VACC IMMUNOTHER JI Human Vaccines Immunother. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 12 IS 1 BP 47 EP 51 DI 10.1080/21645515.2015.1073426 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology GA DL8ZU UT WOS:000375931700017 PM 26225463 ER PT J AU Faulkner, AE Skoff, TH Tondella, ML Cohn, A Clark, TA Martin, SW AF Faulkner, Amanda E. Skoff, Tami H. Tondella, M. Lucia Cohn, Amanda Clark, Thomas A. Martin, Stacey W. TI Trends in Pertussis Diagnostic Testing in the United States, 1990 to 2012 SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Bordetella pertussis; epidemiology; surveillance; diagnosis; US ID TIME PCR ASSAY; BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS; VACCINE; MASSACHUSETTS; LABORATORIES; PREVALENCE; SPECIMENS; OUTBREAK; HOLMESII; IS481 AB Background: Reports of pertussis have been increasing in the US since the 1990s, and pertussis diagnostics have evolved during that time. Here, we describe temporal changes in pertussis diagnostic practices in the US during 1990 to 2012 and discuss potential implications. Methods: Pertussis cases reported through the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System during 1990 to 2012 were included in this analysis. Laboratory results were stratified by test type, case classification, age group and case-patient state of residence. Results: This analysis included 291,290 cases with 64% (n = 186,766) reporting at least 1 pertussis laboratory result. Culture and direct fluorescent antibody were the primary results reported during the early 1990s; however, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) surpassed all other test types during the late 1990s and 2000s. By 2012, more than 91% of cases with known results were tested using PCR, either alone or in combination with another test type. Before 2005, Massachusetts reported 71% of serology results, but an increasing number of states reported serologic results during 2005 to 2012. When stratified by age group, overall testing trends persist. As of 2012, culture confirmation is used infrequently across all ages, whereas the use of serology increases with age and is most prevalent among adults aged = 20 years. Conclusions: PCR has become the primary diagnostic method, and serologic assays now are used in a majority of states. Epidemiologic trends must be considered in the context of changing diagnostic tests, and modifications to surveillance case definitions should be considered to better reflect current testing practices. C1 [Faulkner, Amanda E.; Skoff, Tami H.; Tondella, M. Lucia; Martin, Stacey W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cohn, Amanda] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Clark, Thomas A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Faulkner, AE; Martin, SW (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C-09, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM iqq2@cdc.gov; zmt0@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 35 IS 1 BP 39 EP 44 DI 10.1097/INF.0000000000000921 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA DM3FQ UT WOS:000376232600012 PM 26418242 ER PT J AU Pendergrass, SM Cooper, JA AF Pendergrass, Stephanie M. Cooper, Jeffrey A. TI Sampling and Analytical Method for Alpha-Dicarbonyl Flavoring Compounds via Derivatization with o-Phenylenediamine and Analysis Using GC-NPD SO SCIENTIFICA LA English DT Article ID MICROWAVE-POPCORN PLANT; DIACETYL AB A novel methodology is described for the sampling and analysis of diacetyl, 2,3-pentanedione, 2,3-hexanedione, and 2,3-heptanedione. These analytes were collected on o-phenylenediamine-treated silica gel tubes and quantitatively recovered as the corresponding quinoxaline derivatives. After derivatization, the sorbent was desorbed in 3mL of ethanol solvent and analyzed using gas chromatography/nitrogen-phosphorous detection (GC/NPD). The limits of detection (LOD) achieved for each analyte were determined to be in the range of 5-10 nanograms/sample. Evaluation of the on-tube derivatization procedure indicated that it is unaffected by humidities ranging from 20% to 80% and that the derivatization procedure was quantitative for analyte concentrations ranging from 0.1 mu g to approximately 500 mu g per sample. Storage stability studies indicated that the derivatives were stable for 30 days when stored at both ambient and refrigerated temperatures. Additional studies showed that the quinoxaline derivatives were quantitatively recovered when sampling up to a total volume of 72 L at a sampling rate of 50 cc/min. This method will be important to evaluate and monitor worker exposures in the food and flavoring industry. Samples can be collected over an 8-hour shift with up to 288 L total volume collected regardless of time, sampling rate, and/or the effects of humidity. C1 [Pendergrass, Stephanie M.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Cooper, Jeffrey A.] Bureau Veritas North Amer, Novi, MI 48375 USA. RP Pendergrass, SM (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM smp5@cdc.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA SN 2090-908X J9 SCIENTIFICA JI Scientifica PY 2016 AR 9059678 DI 10.1155/2016/9059678 PG 10 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA DM4PE UT WOS:000376328400001 ER PT J AU Rohan, EA Boehm, J Allen, KG Poehlman, J AF Rohan, Elizabeth A. Boehm, Jennifer Allen, Kristine Gabuten Poehlman, Jon TI In their own words: A qualitative study of the psychosocial concerns of posttreatment and long-term lung cancer survivors SO JOURNAL OF PSYCHOSOCIAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE lung cancer; survivors; stigma; blame; qualitative research; psychosocial ID PROSTATE-CANCER; PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS; OF-LIFE; STIGMA; CARE; PREVALENCE; DEPRESSION; BREAST; OUTCOMES; SUPPORT AB Although lung cancer is the deadliest type of cancer, survival rates are improving. To address the dearth of literature about the concerns of lung cancer survivors, the authors conducted 21 in-depth interviews with lung cancer survivors that focused on experiences during diagnosis, treatment, and long-term survivorship. Emergent themes included feeling blamed for having caused their cancer, being stigmatized as throwaways, and long-term survivors' experiencing surprise that they are still alive, given poor overall survival rates. Survivors also desired increased public support. It is imperative for healthcare and public health professionals to learn more about needs of this population. C1 [Rohan, Elizabeth A.; Boehm, Jennifer; Allen, Kristine Gabuten] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Allen, Kristine Gabuten] ICF Int Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. [Poehlman, Jon] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Rohan, EA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F76, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM erohan@cdc.gov NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0734-7332 EI 1540-7586 J9 J PSYCHOSOC ONCOL JI J. Psychosoc. Oncol. PY 2016 VL 34 IS 3 BP 169 EP 183 DI 10.1080/07347332.2015.1129010 PG 15 WC Psychology, Social SC Psychology GA DL8WG UT WOS:000375922100002 PM 26764569 ER PT J AU Debsu, DN Little, PD Tiki, W Guagliardo, SAJ Kitron, U AF Debsu, Dejene Negassa Little, Peter D. Tiki, Waktole Guagliardo, Sarah Anne J. Kitron, Uriel TI MOBILE PHONES FOR MOBILE PEOPLE: THE ROLE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) AMONG LIVESTOCK TRADERS AND BORANA PASTORALISTS OF SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA SO NOMADIC PEOPLES LA English DT Article DE Mobile Phone; Pastoralism; Development; Ethiopia; Livestock Trade ID AFRICA AB The recent widespread use of mobile communication technologies has sparked considerable interest in their application to social and economic development in low-income countries. In this article we examine the different uses of mobile phones among livestock traders and Borana pastoralists of southern Ethiopia, where increased adoption of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) has been recent and shows potential for improvements in local livelihoods and marketing systems. We draw on an ongoing study of pastoralists and livestock traders who, in the past five years, have increased their reliance on mobile phones. They increasingly employ them to access information on grazing, weather and market conditions despite local differences in adoption rates. The article argues that differential rates of ICT adoption among groups of herders and traders relate to unequal access to the technology and infrastructure, as well as differences in local practices of information gathering. We show that the high-level of sharing of mobile technologies between owners and non-owners, however, dampens some of the negative effects of unequal ownership and infrastructure deficiencies. In the conclusion, we address the program and policy implications of the study's findings and point to the need for additional research on mobile phone use among pastoralists. C1 [Debsu, Dejene Negassa] Land Adm Nurture Dev LAND Project, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Debsu, Dejene Negassa] Tetra Tech ARD, Burlington, VT 05401 USA. [Little, Peter D.] Emory Univ, Anthropol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Little, Peter D.; Tiki, Waktole] Emory Univ, Program Dev Studies, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Tiki, Waktole] Hawassa Univ, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Guagliardo, Sarah Anne J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kitron, Uriel] Emory Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Debsu, DN (reprint author), Land Adm Nurture Dev LAND Project, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.; Debsu, DN (reprint author), Tetra Tech ARD, Burlington, VT 05401 USA.; Little, PD (reprint author), Emory Univ, Anthropol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.; Little, PD; Tiki, W (reprint author), Emory Univ, Program Dev Studies, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.; Guagliardo, SAJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.; Kitron, U (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM dejenen@etland.org; pdlittl@emory.edu; wtikiu@yahoo.com; sguagli@emory.edu; ukitron@emory.edu NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU WHITE HORSE PRESS PI ISLE OF HARRIS PA 1 STROND, ISLE OF HARRIS HS5 3UD, ENGLAND SN 0822-7942 EI 1752-2366 J9 NOMAD PEOPLES JI Nomad. Peoples PY 2016 VL 20 IS 1 BP 35 EP 61 DI 10.3197/np.2016.200104 PG 27 WC Anthropology SC Anthropology GA DL6VO UT WOS:000375777900004 ER PT J AU Cali, I Cohen, ML Kofskey, D Couce, M Jensen, G Collins, SJ Haik, S Brandel, JP Duyckaerts, C Belay, ED Maddox, RA Safar, JG Gambetti, P Schonberger, L AF Cali, Ignazio Cohen, Mark L. Kofskey, Diane Couce, Marta Jensen, Gerard Collins, Steven J. Haik, Stephane Brandel, Jean-Philippe Duyckaerts, Charles Belay, Ermias D. Maddox, Ryan A. Safar, Jiri G. Gambetti, Pierluigi Schonberger, Lawrence TI Amyloid beta pathology in iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: A multicenter study SO PRION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Cali, Ignazio; Cohen, Mark L.; Kofskey, Diane; Couce, Marta; Safar, Jiri G.; Gambetti, Pierluigi] Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Safar, Jiri G.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Cohen, Mark L.; Kofskey, Diane; Safar, Jiri G.] Natl Prion Dis Pathol Surveillance Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA. [Jensen, Gerard] Univ Ottawa, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Natl CJD Neuropathol Lab, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Collins, Steven J.] Univ Melbourne, Dept Med, Australian Natl Creuztfeldt Jakob Dis Registry, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia. [Collins, Steven J.] Univ Melbourne, Florey Inst Neurosci & Mental Hlth, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia. [Haik, Stephane; Brandel, Jean-Philippe; Duyckaerts, Charles] Univ Paris 06, INSERM, U1127, Sorbonne Univ,CNRS,UMR 7225,UMR S 1127,Inst Cerve, Paris, France. [Haik, Stephane; Brandel, Jean-Philippe] Grp Hosp Pitie Salpetriere, AP HP, Cellule Natl Reference Malad Creutzfeldt Jakob, F-75634 Paris, France. [Haik, Stephane; Duyckaerts, Charles] Grp Hosp Pitie Salpetriere, AP HP, Lab Neuropathol Esourolle R, F-75634 Paris, France. [Belay, Ermias D.; Maddox, Ryan A.; Schonberger, Lawrence] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1933-6896 EI 1933-690X J9 PRION JI Prion PY 2016 VL 10 SU 1 BP S32 EP S33 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA DK1EW UT WOS:000374656300043 ER PT J AU Maddox, RA Person, MK Minino, AM Blevins, JE Schonberger, LB Belay, ED AF Maddox, Ryan A. Person, Marissa K. Minino, Arialdi M. Blevins, Janis E. Schonberger, Lawrence B. Belay, Ermias D. TI Unusually young prion disease cases in the United States, 1979-2014 SO PRION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Maddox, Ryan A.; Person, Marissa K.; Schonberger, Lawrence B.; Belay, Ermias D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Minino, Arialdi M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Blevins, Janis E.] Case Western Reserve Univ, NPDPSC, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1933-6896 EI 1933-690X J9 PRION JI Prion PY 2016 VL 10 SU 1 MA P-121 BP S98 EP S99 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA DK1EW UT WOS:000374656300140 ER PT J AU Safar, JG Foutz, A Appleby, B Cohen, ML Xiao, JX Hamlin, C Cohen, Y Chen, W Blevins, J Gambetti, P Hughson, A Schonberger, LB Caughey, B AF Safar, Jiri G. Foutz, Aaron Appleby, Brian Cohen, Mark L. Xiao, Jianxin Hamlin, Clive Cohen, Yvonne Chen, Wei Blevins, Janis Gambetti, Pierluigi Hughson, Andrew Schonberger, Lawrence B. Caughey, Byron TI Autopsy validation of second generation RT QuIC for diagnosis and differentiation of human prion diseases: Results from the US National Prion Disease Pathology Surveillance Center SO PRION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Safar, Jiri G.; Foutz, Aaron; Appleby, Brian; Cohen, Mark L.; Xiao, Jianxin; Hamlin, Clive; Cohen, Yvonne; Chen, Wei; Blevins, Janis; Gambetti, Pierluigi] Case Western Reserve Univ, Natl Prion Dis Pathol Surveillance Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Hughson, Andrew; Caughey, Byron] NIAID, Persistent Viral Dis Lab, Rocky Mt Labs, NIH, Hamilton, MT USA. [Schonberger, Lawrence B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1933-6896 EI 1933-690X J9 PRION JI Prion PY 2016 VL 10 SU 1 MA O-13 BP S30 EP S30 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA DK1EW UT WOS:000374656300039 ER PT J AU Mathias, PI B'Hymer, C AF Mathias, Patricia I. B'Hymer, Clayton TI Mercapturic acids: recent advances in their determination by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and their use in toxicant metabolism studies and in occupational and environmental exposure studies SO BIOMARKERS LA English DT Review DE Internal exposure; liquid chromatography; mass spectrometry; mercapturic acid; toxicant metabolism; urinary biomarker ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; S-PHENYLMERCAPTURIC ACID; VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; PREFERENTIAL GLUTATHIONE CONJUGATION; URINARY BROMIDE LEVELS; HEALTH-RISK ASSESSMENT; REGION DIOL EPOXIDE; HILIC-ESI-MS/MS; LC-MS-MS; HPLC-MS/MS AB This review describes recent selected HPLC/MS methods for the determination of urinary mercapturates that are useful as noninvasive biomarkers in characterizing human exposure to electrophilic industrial chemicals in occupational and environmental studies. High-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry is a sensitive and specific method for analysis of small molecules found in biological fluids. In this review, recent selected mercapturate quantification methods are summarized and specific cases are presented. The biological formation of mercapturates is introduced and their use as indicators of metabolic processing of reactive toxicants is discussed, as well as future trends and limitations in this area of research. C1 [Mathias, Patricia I.; B'Hymer, Clayton] NIOSH, Div Appl Sci & Technol, US Dept HHS,Robert A Taft Labs, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent,Biomonitoring & Hlth As, 4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Mathias, PI (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Appl Sci & Technol, US Dept HHS,Robert A Taft Labs, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent,Biomonitoring & Hlth As, 4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM pmathias@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 142 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 9 U2 14 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1354-750X EI 1366-5804 J9 BIOMARKERS JI Biomarkers PY 2016 VL 21 IS 4 BP 293 EP 315 DI 10.3109/1354750X.2016.1141988 PG 23 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Toxicology GA DK6KB UT WOS:000375031200001 PM 26900903 ER PT J AU Bourgeois, AC Zulz, T Soborg, B Koch, A AF Bourgeois, Annie-Claude Zulz, Tammy Soborg, Bolette Koch, Anders CA Int Circumpolar Surveillance TI Descriptive review of tuberculosis surveillance systems across the circumpolar regions SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CIRCUMPOLAR HEALTH LA English DT Review DE surveillance; tuberculosis; circumpolar; International Surveillance Circumpolar; Tuberculosis Working Group ID SOCIAL DETERMINANTS; HEALTH AB Background. Tuberculosis is highly prevalent in many Arctic areas. Members of the International Circumpolar Surveillance Tuberculosis (ICS-TB) Working Group collaborate to increase knowledge about tuberculosis in Arctic regions. Objective. To establish baseline knowledge of tuberculosis surveillance systems used by ICS-TB member jurisdictions. Design. Three questionnaires were developed to reflect the different surveillance levels (local, regional and national); all 3 were forwarded to the official representative of each of the 15 ICS-TB member jurisdictions in 2013. Respondents self-identified the level of surveillance conducted in their region and completed the applicable questionnaire. Information collected included surveillance system objectives, case definitions, data collection methodology, storage and dissemination. Results. Thirteen ICS-TB jurisdictions [Canada (Labrador, Northwest Territories, Nunavik, Nunavut, Yukon), Finland, Greenland, Norway, Sweden, Russian Federation (Arkhangelsk, Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug, Yakutia (Sakha Republic), United States (Alaska)] voluntarily completed the survey - representing 2 local, 7 regional and 4 national levels. Tuberculosis reporting is mandatory in all jurisdictions, and case definitions are comparable across regions. The common objectives across systems are to detect outbreaks, and inform the evaluation/planning of public health programmes and policies. All jurisdictions collect data on confirmed active tuberculosis cases and treatment outcomes; 11 collect contact tracing results. Faxing of standardized case reporting forms is the most common reporting method. Similar core data elements are collected; 8 regions report genotyping results. Data are stored using customized programmes (n = 7) and commercial software (n = 6). Nine jurisdictions provide monthly, bi-annual or annual reports to principally government and/or scientific/medical audiences. Conclusion. This review successfully establishes baseline knowledge on similarities and differences among circumpolar tuberculosis surveillance systems. The similarity in case definitions will allow for description of the epidemiology of TB based on surveillance data in circumpolar regions, further study of tuberculosis trends across regions, and recommendation of best practices to improve surveillance activities. C1 [Bourgeois, Annie-Claude] Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Ctr Communicable Dis & Infect Control, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Zulz, Tammy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Program, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Dis, Anchorage, AK USA. [Soborg, Bolette; Koch, Anders] Statens Serum Inst, Dept Epidemiol Res, DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Zulz, T (reprint author), Arctic Invest Program, 4055 Tudor Ctr Dr, Anchorage, AK 99504 USA. EM tsc3@cdc.gov NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU CO-ACTION PUBLISHING PI JARFALLA PA RIPVAGEN 7, JARFALLA, SE-175 64, SWEDEN SN 1239-9736 EI 2242-3982 J9 INT J CIRCUMPOL HEAL JI Int. J. Circumpolar Health PY 2016 VL 75 AR 30322 DI 10.3402/ijch.v75.30322 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK7XA UT WOS:000375138900001 PM 27121178 ER PT J AU Hennessy, TW Bressler, JM AF Hennessy, Thomas W. Bressler, Jonathan M. TI Improving health in the Arctic region through safe and affordable access to household running water and sewer services: an Arctic Council initiative SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CIRCUMPOLAR HEALTH LA English DT Review DE Arctic Council; water; sanitation; infectious; disease; development ID RESPIRATORY-TRACT; ALASKA; DISEASE; CHILDREN; RISK AB Important health disparities have been documented among the peoples of the Arctic and subarctic, including those related to limited access to in-home improved drinking water and sanitation services. Although improving water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) has been a focus of the United Nations for decades, the Arctic region has received little attention in this regard. A growing body of evidence highlights inequalities across the region for the availability of in-home drinking WASH services and for health indicators associated with these services. In this review, we highlight relevant data and describe an initiative through the Arctic Council's Sustainable Development Working Group to characterize the extent of WASH services in Arctic nations, the related health indicators and climate-related vulnerabilities to WASH services. With this as a baseline, efforts to build collaborations across the Arctic will be undertaken to promote innovations that can extend the benefits of water and sanitation services to all residents. C1 [Hennessy, Thomas W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Arctic Invest Program, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Anchorage, AK USA. [Bressler, Jonathan M.] Alaska Dept Hlth & Social Serv, Div Publ Hlth, Epidemiol Sect, Anchorage, AK USA. [Bressler, Jonathan M.] Council State & Terr Epidemiologists, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bressler, Jonathan M.] CDC Arctic Invest Program, 4055 Tudor Ctr Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. RP Hennessy, TW (reprint author), CDC Arctic Invest Program, 4055 Tudor Ctr Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM Tbh0@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [1U38OT000143-03] FX This report was supported in part by an appointment to the Applied Epidemiology Fellowship Program administered by the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) and funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Cooperative Agreement Number 1U38OT000143-03. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU CO-ACTION PUBLISHING PI JARFALLA PA RIPVAGEN 7, JARFALLA, SE-175 64, SWEDEN SN 1239-9736 EI 2242-3982 J9 INT J CIRCUMPOL HEAL JI Int. J. Circumpolar Health PY 2016 VL 75 AR 31149 DI 10.3402/ijch.v75.31149 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK7XM UT WOS:000375140100001 PM 27132632 ER PT J AU Livingston, SE Townshend-Bulson, LJ Bruden, DJT Homan, CE Gove, JE Plotnik, JN Simons, BC Spradling, PR McMahon, BJ AF Livingston, Stephen E. Townshend-Bulson, Lisa J. Bruden, Dana J. T. Homan, Chriss E. Gove, James E. Plotnik, Julia N. Simons, Brenna C. Spradling, Philip R. McMahon, Brian J. TI Results of interferon-based treatments in Alaska Native and American Indian population with chronic hepatitis C SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CIRCUMPOLAR HEALTH LA English DT Article DE pegylated interferon; discontinuation; indigenous population; longitudinal study; sustained virologic response ID VIRUS-INFECTION; COMBINATION THERAPY; PLUS RIBAVIRIN; PEGINTERFERON ALPHA-2B; INITIAL TREATMENT; TRIPLE THERAPY; GENOTYPE 1; OUTCOMES; TRIAL; BOCEPREVIR AB Background. There have been few reports of hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment results with interferon-based regimens in indigenous populations. Objective. To determine interferon-based treatment outcome among Alaska Native and American Indian (AN/AI) population. Design. In an outcomes study of 1,379 AN/AI persons with chronic HCV infection from 1995 through 2013, we examined treatment results of 189 persons treated with standard interferon, interferon plus ribavirin, pegylated interferon plus ribavirin and triple therapy with a protease inhibitor. For individuals treated with pegylated interferon and ribavirin, the effect of patient characteristics on response was also examined. Results. Sustained virologic response (SVR) with standard interferon was 16.7% (3/18) and with standard interferon and ribavirin was 29.7% (11/37). Of 119 persons treated with pegylated interferon and ribavirin, 61 achieved SVR (51.3%), including 10 of 46 with genotype 1 (21.7%), 38 of 51 with genotype 2 (74.5%) and 13 of 22 with genotype 3 (59.1%). By multivariate analysis, SVR in the pegylated interferon group was associated with female sex (p = 0.002), estimated duration of infection (p = 0.034) and HCV genotype (p<0.0001). There was a high discontinuation rate due to side effects in those treated with pegylated interferon and ribavirin for genotype 1 (52.2%). Seven of 15 genotype 1 patients treated with pegylated interferon, ribavirin and telaprevir or boceprevir achieved SVR (46.7%). Conclusions. We had success with pegylated interferon-based treatment of AN/AI people with genotypes 2 and 3. However, there were low SVR and high discontinuation rates for those with genotype 1. C1 [Livingston, Stephen E.; Townshend-Bulson, Lisa J.; Homan, Chriss E.; Gove, James E.; Plotnik, Julia N.; Simons, Brenna C.; McMahon, Brian J.] Alaska Native Tribal Hlth Consortium, Liver Dis & Hepatitis Program, Anchorage, AK USA. [Bruden, Dana J. T.; McMahon, Brian J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Program, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Anchorage, AK USA. [Spradling, Philip R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. RP McMahon, BJ (reprint author), 3900 Ambassador Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM bmcmahon@anthc.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U01 PS001097, U01 PS004113] FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U01 PS001097; U01 PS004113) and with in-kind support from Arctic Investigations Program/NCEZID and Division of Viral Hepatitis/NCHSSTP, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Not a clinical trial. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CO-ACTION PUBLISHING PI JARFALLA PA RIPVAGEN 7, JARFALLA, SE-175 64, SWEDEN SN 1239-9736 EI 2242-3982 J9 INT J CIRCUMPOL HEAL JI Int. J. Circumpolar Health PY 2016 VL 75 AR 30696 DI 10.3402/ijch.v75.30696 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK7XK UT WOS:000375139900001 PM 27029671 ER PT J AU Raczniak, GA Gaines, J Bulkow, LR Kinzer, MH Hennessy, TW Klejka, JA Bruce, MG AF Raczniak, Gregory A. Gaines, Joanna Bulkow, Lisa R. Kinzer, Michael H. Hennessy, Thomas W. Klejka, Joseph A. Bruce, Michael G. TI A survey of knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards skin and soft tissue infections in rural Alaska SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CIRCUMPOLAR HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Staphylococcus aureus; MRSA; skin and soft tissue infections; Alaska Native people; traditional steambath; laundry practices; Maqiq; Aniinguaq ID RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; OUTBREAK AB Background. Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-sensitive S. aureus infections are common to south-western Alaska and have been associated with traditional steambaths. More than a decade ago, recommendations were made to affected communities that included preventive skin care, cleaning methods for steambath surfaces, and the use of protective barriers while in steambaths to reduce the risk of S. aureus infection. Objective. A review of community medical data suggested that the number of skin infection clinical encounters has increased steadily over the last 3 years and we designed a public health investigation to seek root causes. Study design. Using a mixed methods approach with in-person surveys, a convenience sample (n = 492) from 3 rural communities assessed the range of knowledge, attitudes and practices concerning skin infections, skin infection education messaging, prevention activities and home self-care of skin infections. Results. We described barriers to implementing previous recommendations and evaluated the acceptability of potential interventions. Prior public health messages appear to have been effective in reaching community members and appear to have been understood and accepted. We found no major misconceptions regarding what a boil was or how someone got one. Overall, respondents seemed concerned about boils as a health problem and reported that they were motivated to prevent boils. We identified current practices used to avoid skin infections, such as the disinfection of steambaths. We also identified barriers to engaging in protective behaviours, such as lack of access to laundry facilities. Conclusions. These findings can be used to help guide public health strategic planning and identify appropriate evidence-based interventions tailored to the specific needs of the region. C1 [Raczniak, Gregory A.; Bulkow, Lisa R.; Hennessy, Thomas W.; Bruce, Michael G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Program, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Anchorage, AK USA. [Raczniak, Gregory A.; Kinzer, Michael H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Div Appl Sci, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gaines, Joanna] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Geog Med & Hlth Promot Branch, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Klejka, Joseph A.] Yukon Kuskokwim Hlth Corp, Bethel, AK USA. RP Bruce, MG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4055 Tudor Ctr Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM zwa8@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through Epi-Aid investigation [2012-080] FX This work was supported by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through Epi-Aid investigation 2012-080. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU CO-ACTION PUBLISHING PI JARFALLA PA RIPVAGEN 7, JARFALLA, SE-175 64, SWEDEN SN 1239-9736 EI 2242-3982 J9 INT J CIRCUMPOL HEAL JI Int. J. Circumpolar Health PY 2016 VL 75 AR 30603 DI 10.3402/ijch.v75.30603 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK7XG UT WOS:000375139500001 PM 26928370 ER PT J AU Akinbami, LJ Simon, AE Schoendorf, KC AF Akinbami, Lara J. Simon, Alan E. Schoendorf, Kenneth C. TI Trends in allergy prevalence among children aged 0-17 years by asthma status, United States, 2001-2013 SO JOURNAL OF ASTHMA LA English DT Article DE Epidemiology; pediatrics; allergy prevalence; atopy ID INNER-CITY CHILDREN; 1ST 6 YEARS; FOOD ALLERGY; RACIAL DISPARITIES; SENSITIZATION; MORBIDITY; OUTCOMES; RISK; LIFE; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB Objectives: Children with asthma and allergiesparticularly food and/or multiple allergies-are at risk for adverse asthma outcomes. This analysis describes allergy prevalence trends among US children by asthma status. Methods: We analyzed 2001-2013 National Health Interview Survey data for children aged 0-17years. We estimated trends for reported respiratory, food, and skin allergy and the percentage of children with one, two, or all three allergy types by asthma status. We estimated unadjusted trends, and among children with asthma, adjusted associations between demographic characteristics and allergy. Results: Prevalence of any allergy increased by 0.3 percentage points annually among children without asthma but not among children with asthma. However, underlying patterns changed among children with asthma: food and skin allergy prevalence increased as did the percentage with all three allergy types. Among children with asthma, risk was higher among younger and non-Hispanic black children for reported skin allergy, among non-Hispanic white children for reported respiratory allergy, and among non-poor children for food and respiratory allergies. Prevalence of having one allergy type decreased by 0.50 percentage points annually, while the percent with all three types increased 0.2 percentage points annually. Non-poor and non-Hispanic white children with asthma were more likely to have multiple allergy types. Conclusions: While overall allergy prevalence among children with asthma remained stable, patterns in reported allergy type and number suggested a greater proportion may be at risk of adverse asthma outcomes associated with allergy: food allergy increased as did the percentage with all three allergy types. C1 [Akinbami, Lara J.; Simon, Alan E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Akinbami, Lara J.] US PHS, Rockville, MD USA. [Schoendorf, Kenneth C.] Greenspring Pediat Associates, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Akinbami, LJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM lea8@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0277-0903 EI 1532-4303 J9 J ASTHMA JI J. Asthma PY 2016 VL 53 IS 4 BP 356 EP 362 DI 10.3109/02770903.2015.1126848 PG 7 WC Allergy; Respiratory System SC Allergy; Respiratory System GA DK5WG UT WOS:000374991200003 PM 26666655 ER PT J AU Dodd, KE Mazurek, JM AF Dodd, Katelynn E. Mazurek, Jacek M. TI Effect of Asthma Call-back Survey methodology changes on work-related asthma estimates, 19 states, 2007-2012 SO JOURNAL OF ASTHMA LA English DT Article DE Asthma Call-back Survey; Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; cellular telephone; occupational health; poststratification; raking; work-related asthma ID PUBLIC-HEALTH SURVEILLANCE; THORACIC-SOCIETY STATEMENT; LANDLINE AB Objective: Asthma Call-back Survey methodology has been changed recently, as a new sampling design, weights calculation (2011-2012), and revised work-related asthma (WRA) section (2012) were implemented. To assess the effect of these changes on the WRA and possible WRA estimates among ever-employed adults with current asthma, we analyzed 2007-2012 data for 37505 ever-employed adults (18 years) collected from 19 US states (representing an estimated 10 million adults each year). Methods: Using data from landline telephone (LLP) households, we calculated estimates applying poststratification weights (2007-2010) and raking weights (2011-2012). Also, using data from LLP/cellular telephone (CP) households combined, we calculated estimates applying raking weights (2012). Results: Based on LLP household data, the WRA estimates ranged from 7.8% to 9.7% during 2007-2010, was 9.1% in 2011 and 15.4% in 2012. Possible WRA estimates ranged from 35.1% to 38.1% during 2007-2010, was 38.1% in 2011 and 39.8% in 2012. Using the 2012 LLP/CP household data, the WRA and possible WRA estimates were 15.4% and 38.9%, respectively. Conclusions: Implementation of raking weights did not substantially change the WRA or possible WRA estimates among ever-employed adults with current asthma. The WRA and possible WRA estimates based on LLP and LLP/CP samples in 2012 were comparable, as CP users are younger and less likely to have WRA. The substantial upward shift in the 2012 WRA estimates likely was associated with the revision to the WRA section. C1 [Dodd, Katelynn E.; Mazurek, Jacek M.] NIOSH, Resp Hlth Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Dodd, KE (reprint author), NIOSH, Resp Hlth Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd,MS HG900, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM yla8@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [3U36OE000002]; Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health FX The authors report no conflicts of interest. This publication was supported by Cooperative Agreement Number 3U36OE000002 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of NIOSH, CDC or ASPPH. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0277-0903 EI 1532-4303 J9 J ASTHMA JI J. Asthma PY 2016 VL 53 IS 4 BP 382 EP 386 DI 10.3109/02770903.2015.1101133 PG 5 WC Allergy; Respiratory System SC Allergy; Respiratory System GA DK5WG UT WOS:000374991200006 PM 26865467 ER PT J AU Yucesoy, B Kashon, ML Johnson, VJ Lummus, ZL Fluharty, K Gautrin, D Cartier, A Boulet, LP Sastre, J Quirce, S Tarlo, SM Cruz, MJ Munoz, X Luster, MI Bernstein, DI AF Yucesoy, Berran Kashon, Michael L. Johnson, Victor J. Lummus, Zana L. Fluharty, Kara Gautrin, Denyse Cartier, Andre Boulet, Louis-Philippe Sastre, Joaquin Quirce, Santiago Tarlo, Susan M. Cruz, Maria-Jesus Munoz, Xavier Luster, Michael I. Bernstein, David I. TI Genetic variants in TNF alpha, TGFB1, PTGS1 and PTGS2 genes are associated with diisocyanate-induced asthma SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cytokine; diisocyanates; inflammation; occupational asthma; single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; ISOCYANATE-INDUCED ASTHMA; TOLUENE DIISOCYANATE; TGF-BETA-1 GENE; OCCUPATIONAL ASTHMA; BRONCHIAL HYPERRESPONSIVENESS; PROMOTER POLYMORPHISM; AUSTRALIAN POPULATION; CYCLOOXYGENASE-2 GENE AB Diisocyanates are the most common cause of occupational asthma, but risk factors are not well defined. A case-control study was conducted to investigate whether genetic variants in inflammatory response genes (TNF alpha, IL1 alpha, IL1 beta, IL1RN, IL10, TGFB1, ADAM33, ALOX-5, PTGS1, PTGS2 and NAG-1/GDF15) are associated with increased susceptibility to diisocyanate asthma (DA). These genes were selected based on their role in asthmatic inflammatory processes and previously reported associations with asthma phenotypes. The main study population consisted of 237 Caucasian French Canadians from among a larger sample of 280 diisocyanate-exposed workers in two groups: workers with specific inhalation challenge (SIC) confirmed DA (DA(+), n = 95) and asymptomatic exposed workers (AW, n = 142). Genotyping was performed on genomic DNA, using a 50 nuclease PCR assay. After adjusting for potentially confounding variables of age, smoking status and duration of exposure, the PTGS1 rs5788 and TGFB1 rs1800469 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) showed a protective effect under a dominant model (OR = 0.38; 95% CI = 0.17, 0.89 and OR = 0.38; 95% CI = 0.18, 0.74, respectively) while the TNF alpha rs1800629 SNP was associated with an increased risk of DA (OR = 2.08; 95% CI = 1.03, 4.17). Additionally, the PTGS2 rs20417 variant showed an association with increased risk of DA in a recessive genetic model (OR = 6.40; 95% CI = 1.06, 38.75). These results suggest that genetic variations in TNF alpha, TGFB1, PTGS1 and PTGS2 genes contribute to DA susceptibility. C1 [Yucesoy, Berran; Lummus, Zana L.; Bernstein, David I.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Div Immunol Allergy & Rheumatol, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Yucesoy, Berran; Kashon, Michael L.; Fluharty, Kara] NIOSH, CDC, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Morgantown, WV USA. [Johnson, Victor J.] BRT Burleson Res Technol, Morrisville, NC USA. [Gautrin, Denyse; Cartier, Andre] Univ Montreal, Hop Sacre Coeur Montreal, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Boulet, Louis-Philippe] Univ Laval, Hop Laval, Ste Foy, PQ, Canada. [Sastre, Joaquin] Fdn Jimenez Diaz, Dept Allergy, Madrid, Spain. [Sastre, Joaquin; Quirce, Santiago; Cruz, Maria-Jesus; Munoz, Xavier] CIBER Enfermedades Resp CIBERES, Madrid, Spain. [Quirce, Santiago] Hosp La Paz IdiPAZ, Dept Allergy, Madrid, Spain. [Tarlo, Susan M.] Univ Toronto, Dept Med, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Tarlo, Susan M.] Univ Toronto, Dalla Lana Sch Publ Hlth, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Cruz, Maria-Jesus; Munoz, Xavier] Hosp Valle De Hebron, Barcelona, Spain. [Luster, Michael I.] W Virginia Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Yucesoy, B (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Div Immunol Allergy & Rheumatol, Cincinnati, OH USA. EM berranyucesoy@gmail.com FU NIOSH [AES12007001-1-0-6]; NIEHS [AES12007001-1-0-6]; NIOSH/CDC [R01 OH 008795] FX This study was supported in part by an inter-agency agreement between NIOSH and NIEHS (AES12007001-1-0-6) as a collaborative National Toxicology Program research activity and NIOSH/CDC R01 OH 008795. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NR 79 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1547-691X EI 1547-6901 J9 J IMMUNOTOXICOL JI J. Immunotoxicol. PY 2016 VL 13 IS 1 BP 119 EP 126 DI 10.3109/1547691X.2015.1017061 PG 8 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA DK4JB UT WOS:000374882900014 PM 25721048 ER PT J AU Brown, KK Shaw, PB Mead, KR Kovein, RJ Voorhees, RT Brandes, AR AF Brown, K. K. Shaw, P. B. Mead, K. R. Kovein, R. J. Voorhees, R. T. Brandes, A. R. TI Development of the chemical exposure monitor with indoor positioning (CEMWIP) for workplace VOC surveys SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE 3-D hazard map; direct-reading method (DRM); exposure assessment; photo-ionization detector (PID); real-time location system (RTLS); volatile organic compounds (VOCs) AB The purpose of this article was to research and develop a direct-reading exposure assessment method that combined a real-time location system with a wireless direct-reading personal chemical sensor. The personal chemical sensor was a photoionization device for detecting volatile organic compounds. The combined system was calibrated and tested against the same four standard gas concentrations and calibrated at one standard location and tested at four locations that included the standard locations. Data were wirelessly collected from the chemical sensor every 1.4 sec, for volatile organic compounds concentration, location, temperature, humidity, and time. Regression analysis of the photo-ionization device voltage response against calibration gases showed the chemical sensor had a limit of detection of 0.2 ppm. The real-time location system was accurate to 13 cm +/- 6 cm( standard deviation) in an open area and to 57 cm +/- 31 cm in a closed room where the radio frequency has to penetrate drywall-finished walls. The streaming data were collected and graphically displayed as a three-dimensional hazard map for assessment of peak exposure with location. A real-time personal exposure assessment device with indoor positioning was practical and provided new knowledge on direct reading exposure assessment methods. C1 [Brown, K. K.; Shaw, P. B.; Mead, K. R.; Kovein, R. J.] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, 4676 Columbia Pkwy MS-R7, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Voorhees, R. T.] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Brandes, A. R.] MeasureNet Technol Ltd, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Brown, KK (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, 4676 Columbia Pkwy MS-R7, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM krb1@cdc.gov FU NIOSH FX This project was funded by NIOSH. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 EI 1545-9632 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PY 2016 VL 13 IS 6 BP 401 EP 412 DI 10.1080/15459624.2015.1125488 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DL0JA UT WOS:000375317400002 PM 26786234 ER PT J AU Xu, X Wang, X Caraballo, RS AF Xu, Xin Wang, Xu Caraballo, Ralph S. TI Is Every Smoker Interested in Price Promotions? An Evaluation of Price-Related Discounts by Cigarette Brands SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE cigarette brand; cigarette price; price promotions ID 4 COUNTRY SURVEY; SMOKING-CESSATION; PURCHASE PATTERNS; UNITED-STATES; TAX AVOIDANCE; STRATEGIES; BEHAVIORS; EXPOSURE; COUPONS; ADULTS AB Context: Raising unit price is one of the most effective ways of reducing cigarette consumption. A large proportion of US adult smokers use generic brands or price discounts in response to higher prices, which may mitigate the public health impacts of raising unit price. Objective: The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the retail price impact and the determinants of price-related discount use among US adult smokers by their most commonly used cigarette brand types. Methods: Data from the 2009-2010 National Adult Tobacco Survey, a telephone survey of US adults 18 years or older, was used to assess price-related discount use by cigarette brands. Price-related discounts included coupons, rebates, buy 1 get 1 free, 2 for 1, or any other special promotions. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess sociodemographic and tobacco use determinants of discount use by cigarette brands. Results: Discount use was most common among premium brand users (22.1%), followed by generic (13.3%) and other brand (10.8%) users. Among premium brand users, those who smoked 10 to 20 cigarettes per day were more likely to use discounts, whereas elderly smokers, non-Hispanic blacks, those with greater annual household income, dual users of cigarettes and other combustible tobacco products, and those who had no quit intentions were less likely to do so. Among generic brand users, those who had no quit intentions and those who smoked first cigarette within 60 minutes after waking were more likely to use discounts. Conclusions: Frequent use of discounts varies between smokers of premium and generic cigarette brands. Setting a high minimum price, together with limiting the use of coupons and promotions, may uphold the effect of cigarette excise taxes to reduce smoking prevalence. C1 [Xu, Xin; Wang, Xu; Caraballo, Ralph S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F-79, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Xu, X (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F-79, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM xinxu@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1078-4659 EI 1550-5022 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 22 IS 1 BP 20 EP 28 DI 10.1097/PHH.0000000000000223 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK9EI UT WOS:000375233200009 PM 26598952 ER PT J AU Athar, H Chen, Z Contreary, K Xu, X Dube, SR Chang, MH AF Athar, Heba Chen, Zhuo (Adam) Contreary, Kara Xu, Xin Dube, Shanta R. Chang, Man-Huei TI Impact of Increasing Coverage for Select Smoking Cessation Therapies With no Out-of-Pocket Cost Among the Medicaid Population in Alabama, Georgia, and Maine SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE Affordable Care Act; economic impact; Medicaid; public health impact; reducing out-of-pocket costs for smoking cessation treatments ID TOBACCO-DEPENDENCE TREATMENTS; UNITED-STATES; CLINICAL-PRACTICE; QUITTING SMOKING; PREGNANT-WOMEN; GUIDELINE AB Prevalence of smoking is particularly high among individuals with low socioeconomic status and who may be receiving Medicaid benefits. This study evaluates the public health and economic impact of providing coverage for nicotine replacement therapy with no out-of-pocket cost to the adult Medicaid population in Alabama, Georgia, and Maine, in 2012. We estimated the increase in the number of quitters and the savings in Medicaid medical expenditures associated with expanding Medicaid coverage of nicotine replacement therapy to the entire adult Medicaid population in the 3 states. With an expansion of Medicaid coverage of nicotine replacement therapy from only pregnant women to all adult Medicaid enrollees, the state of Alabama might expect 1873 to 2810 additional quitters ($526 203 and $789 305 in savings of annual Medicaid expenditures from both federal and state funds), Georgia 2911 to 4367 additional quits ($1 455 606 and $2 183 409 savings), and Maine 1511 to 2267 additional quits in ($431 709 and $647 564 savings). The expansion of coverage for smoking cessation therapy with no out-of-pocket cost could reduce Medicaid expenditures in all 3 states. C1 [Athar, Heba; Chen, Zhuo (Adam); Contreary, Kara] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop E-33, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Xu, Xin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Chang, Man-Huei] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dube, Shanta R.] Georgia State Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. RP Athar, H (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop E-33, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM viv8@cdc.gov OI Chen, Zhuo/0000-0002-5351-3489 NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1078-4659 EI 1550-5022 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 22 IS 1 BP 40 EP 47 DI 10.1097/PHH.0000000000000302 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK9EI UT WOS:000375233200011 PM 26131658 ER PT J AU Dube, SR Pesko, MF Xu, X AF Dube, Shanta R. Pesko, Michael F. Xu, Xin TI A Cross-sectional Examination of What Smokers Perceive to be Important and Their Willingness to Pay for Tobacco Cessation Medications SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE cessation; decision; health care provider; smokers; treatments ID UNITED-STATES; CONTINGENT VALUATION; SMOKING-CESSATION; MORTALITY; ADULTS; GOODS AB Context: Tobacco smoking is the leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality in the United States, and smoking cessation has multiple health benefits. Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess cigarette smokers' perceived importance toward characteristics of tobacco cessation medications using a willingness-to-pay approach. Design, Setting, and Participants: Cross-sectional analysis of data from the 2008 HealthStyles survey, a mail-based probability sample of 5399 adults aged 18 years and older. Point estimates and 95% confidence intervals were calculated overall and by sociodemographic and smoking behavior characteristics. Multivariate Probit regression analysis was used to evaluate smokers' willingness to pay in relation to perceived importance of 3 cessation medication characteristics: convenience of use, over-the-counter availability, and efficiency to help quit. All models controlled for sociodemographic characteristics, smoking behavior characteristics, and US regional fixed effects. A total of 914 current cigarette smokers. Main Outcome Measures: Interest in quitting, interest in using cessation medications, and willingness to pay for 6 types of cessation medications. Results: Approximately 68.4% of current cigarette smokers were interested in quitting. Among these individuals, 45.6% indicated that they were interested in using cessation medications, and of these, 47.3% indicated that they were willing to pay $ 150 or more out-of-pocket for these medications. Convenience of use and the effectiveness of these medications to help quit were positively associated with current smokers' willingness to pay for $ 300 or more (P < .05); however, no association was observed for over-the-counter availability. Self-reported exposure to telephone quitline advertisements was also positively associated with the willingness to pay. Conclusions: Approximately 68% of current smokers are interested in quitting, and about half of those smokers interested in quitting are also interested in using cessation medications. Convenience of use and the medication's effectiveness are important characteristics of cessation medication for smokers with quit intentions. Understanding preferences for these cessation medication characteristics may help inform smoking cessation efforts. C1 [Dube, Shanta R.] Georgia State Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, 1 Pk Pl,Ste 711, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Pesko, Michael F.] Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Healthcare Policy & Res, New York, NY USA. [Xu, Xin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Dube, SR (reprint author), Georgia State Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, 1 Pk Pl,Ste 711, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. EM sdube2@gsu.edu FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1078-4659 EI 1550-5022 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 22 IS 1 BP 48 EP 56 DI 10.1097/PHH.0000000000000338 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK9EI UT WOS:000375233200012 PM 26594936 ER PT J AU Dignam, T Garcia, BR De Leon, M Curtis, G Creanga, AA Azofeifa, A O'Neill, M Blanton, C Kennedy, C Rullan, M Caldwell, K Rullan, J Brown, MJ AF Dignam, Timothy Garcia, Brenda Rivera De Leon, Maridali Curtis, Gerald Creanga, Andreea A. Azofeifa, Alejandro O'Neill, Maureen Blanton, Curtis Kennedy, Chinaro Rullan, Maria Caldwell, Kathy Rullan, John Brown, Mary Jean TI Prevalence of Elevated Blood Lead Levels and Risk Factors Among Residents Younger Than 6 Years, Puerto Rico-2010 SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE Blood lead level; Children; Lead; Puerto Rico ID CHILDREN; EXPOSURE; FINGERSTICK; CAPILLARY; WORKERS; SAMPLES; MODEL; AGE AB Context: Limited data exist about blood lead levels (BLLs) and potential exposures among children living in Puerto Rico. The Puerto Rico Department of Health has no formal blood lead surveillance program. Objectives: We assessed the prevalence of elevated BLLs (>= 5 micrograms of lead per deciliter of blood), evaluated household environmental lead levels, and risk factors for BLL among children younger than 6 years of age living in Puerto Rico in 2010. Methods: We used a population-based, cross-sectional sampling strategy to enroll an island-representative sample of Puerto Rican children younger than 6 years. We estimated the island-wide weighted prevalence of elevated BLLs and conducted bivariable and multivariable linear regression analyses to ascertain risk factors for elevated BLLs. Results: The analytic data set included 355 households and 439 children younger than 6 years throughout Puerto Rico. The weighted geometric mean BLL of children younger than 6 years was 1.57 mu g/dL (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.27-1.88). The weighted prevalence of children younger than 6 years with BLLs of 5 mu g/dL or more was 3.18% (95% CI, 0.93-5.43) and for BLLs of 10 mu g/dL or more was 0.50% (95% CI, 0-1.31). Higher mean BLLs were significantly associated with data collection during the summer months, a lead-related activity or hobby of anyone in the residence, and maternal education of less than 12 years. Few environmental lead hazards were identified. Conclusions: The prevalence of elevated BLLs among Puerto Rican children younger than 6 years is comparable with the most recent (2007-2010) US national estimate (BLLs >= 5 mu g/dL = 2.6% [95% CI = 1.6-4.0]). Our findings suggest that targeted screening of specific higher-risk groups of children younger than 6 years can replace island-wide or insurance-specific policies of mandatory blood lead testing in Puerto Rico. C1 [Dignam, Timothy; Curtis, Gerald; Kennedy, Chinaro; Brown, Mary Jean] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Creanga, Andreea A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Azofeifa, Alejandro] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Blanton, Curtis] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Hlth Protect, Natl Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Caldwell, Kathy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Garcia, Brenda Rivera; De Leon, Maridali] Puerto Rico Dept Publ Hlth, San Juan, PR USA. [O'Neill, Maureen] US EPA, Reg 2, New York, NY USA. RP Dignam, T (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS F-60, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM tdignam@cdc.gov FU US Environmental Protection Agency [CE-10-010]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The project was funded by the US Environmental Protection Agency (Interagency Agreement no. CE-10-010) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The authors thank the following individuals for their dedication and hard work, making this project successful: Darielys Cordero, Catherine Chacin, Ahmad Baghal, Margie Walling, Encijar Hassan Rios, Jeff Jarrett, Charles Dodson, Carrie Dooyema, Sharunda Buchanan, W. Dana Flanders, Concepcion Q. Longo, Ginger Chew, Elizabeth Hunsperger, Kathy Seikel, Luz B. Mojica, Norma Diaz, Edna Diaz, Julio Cadiz, Sandra Claudio Luciano, Mildred Rivera Luna, Magaly Escalera, Rachel Avchen, Payal Shah, Arie Manangan, Jennifer Cruz (CRIM) Ulises Feliciano Troche (CRIM) and Olga Cruz. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1078-4659 EI 1550-5022 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 22 IS 1 BP E22 EP E35 DI 10.1097/PHH.0000000000000224 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK9EI UT WOS:000375233200005 PM 25822901 ER PT J AU Chang, MH Moonesinghe, R Athar, HM Truman, BI AF Chang, Man-Huei Moonesinghe, Ramal Athar, Heba M. Truman, Benedict I. TI Trends in Disparity by Sex and Race/Ethnicity for the Leading Causes of Death in the United States-1999-2010 SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE disparity; mortality; race and ethnicity; sex ID RACIAL HEALTH INEQUALITIES; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; SOCIAL DISPARITIES; STATES; MORTALITY; INCOME; PEOPLE; BURDEN; CARE; US AB Context: Temporal trends in disparities in the leading causes of death within and between US demographic subgroups indicate the need for and success of interventions to prevent premature death in vulnerable populations. Studies that report recent trends are limited and outdated. Objective: To describe temporal trends in disparities in death rates by sex and race/ethnicity for the 10 leading causes of death in the United States during 1999-2010. Design: We used underlying cause of death data and population estimates from the National Vital Statistics System to calculate age-adjusted death rates for the 10 leading causes of death during 1999-2010. We measured absolute and relative disparities by sex and race/ethnicity for each cause and year of death; we used weighted linear regression to test for significance of trends over time. Results: Of the 10 leading causes of death, age-adjusted death rates by sex and race/ethnicity declined during 1999-2010 for 6 causes and increased for 4 causes. But sex and racial/ethnic disparities between groups persisted for each year and cause of death. In the US population, the decreasing trend during 1999-2010 was greatest for cerebrovascular disease (-36.5%) and the increasing trend was greatest for Alzheimer disease (52.4%). For each sex and year, the disparity in death rates between Asian/Pacific Islanders (API) and other groups varied significantly by cause of death. In 2010, the API-non-Hispanic black disparity was largest for heart disease, malignant neoplasms, cerebrovascular diseases, and nephritis; the API-American Indian/Alaska Native disparity was largest for unintentional injury, diabetes mellitus, influenza and pneumonia, and suicide; and the API-non-Hispanic white disparity was largest for chronic lower respiratory diseases and Alzheimer disease. Conclusions: Public health practitioners can use these findings to improve policies and practices and to evaluate progress in eliminating disparities and their social determinants in vulnerable populations. C1 [Chang, Man-Huei; Truman, Benedict I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Moonesinghe, Ramal] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Minor Hlth & Hlth Equ, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Athar, Heba M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Chang, MH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop E-07, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mdc9@cdc.gov NR 49 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 14 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1078-4659 EI 1550-5022 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 22 SU 1 BP S13 EP S24 DI 10.1097/PHH.0000000000000267 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK9EL UT WOS:000375233500005 PM 25946701 ER PT J AU Dean, HD Roberts, GW Bouye, KE Green, Y McDonald, M AF Dean, Hazel D. Roberts, George W. Bouye, Karen E. Green, Yvonne McDonald, Marian TI Sustaining a Focus on Health Equity at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Through Organizational Structures and Functions SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE health equity; organizational structures to achieve health equity ID PROMOTION; LITERACY AB The public health infrastructure required for achieving health equity is multidimensional and complex. The infrastructure should be responsive to current and emerging priorities and capable of providing the foundation for developing, planning, implementing, and evaluating health initiatives. This article discusses these infrastructure requirements by examining how they are operationalized in the organizational infrastructure for promoting health equity at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, utilizing the nation's premier public health agency as a lens. Examples from the history of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's work in health equity from its centers, institute, and offices are provided to identify those structures and functions that are critical to achieving health equity. Challenges and facilitators to sustaining a health equity organizational infrastructure, as gleaned from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's experience, are noted. Finally, we provide additional considerations for expanding and sustaining a health equity infrastructure, which the authors hope will serve as "food for thought" for practitioners in state, tribal, or local health departments, community-based organizations, or nongovernmental organizations striving to create or maintain an impactful infrastructure to achieve health equity. C1 [Dean, Hazel D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Director, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,Mailstop E-07, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Roberts, George W.; Bouye, Karen E.; Green, Yvonne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Director, Off Minor Hlth & Hlth Equ, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [McDonald, Marian] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Hlth Dispar, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Dean, HD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Director, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,Mailstop E-07, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM HDean@cdc.gov NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1078-4659 EI 1550-5022 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 22 SU 1 BP S60 EP S67 DI 10.1097/PHH.0000000000000305 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK9EL UT WOS:000375233500010 PM 26599031 ER PT J AU Hall, M Graffunder, C Metzler, M AF Hall, Mary Graffunder, Corinne Metzler, Marilyn TI Policy Approaches to Advancing Health Equity SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE equity lens; health disparities; health equity; health impact assessment; Health in All Policies; social determinants of health ID OF-THE-LITERATURE; CHILD MALTREATMENT; IMPACT ASSESSMENT; INTERVENTIONS; NEGLECT; ABUSE AB Public health policy approaches have demonstrated measurable improvements in population health. Yet, "one-size-fits-all" approaches do not necessarily impact all populations equally and, in some cases, can widen existing disparities. It has been argued that interventions, including policy interventions, can have the greatest impact when they target the social determinants of health. The intent of this article was to describe how selected current policies and policy areas that have a health equity orientation are being used with the aim of reducing health disparities and to illustrate contemporary approaches that can be applied broadly to a variety of program areas to advance health equity. Applying a health equity lens to a Health in All Policies approach is described as a means to develop policies across sectors with the explicit goal of improving health for all while reducing health inequities. Health equity impact assessment is described as a tool that can be effective in prospectively building health equity into policy planning. The discussion suggests that eliminating health inequities will benefit from a deliberate focus on health equity by public health agencies working with other sectors that impact health outcomes. C1 [Hall, Mary] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Minor Hlth & Hlth Equ, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Graffunder, Corinne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Associate director Policy, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Metzler, Marilyn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hall, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Minor Hlth & Hlth Equ, Off Director, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop K77, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM moh4@cdc.gov NR 69 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 7 U2 11 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1078-4659 EI 1550-5022 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 22 SU 1 BP S50 EP S59 DI 10.1097/PHH.0000000000000365 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK9EL UT WOS:000375233500009 PM 26599030 ER PT J AU Joseph, KT Rice, K Li, CY AF Joseph, Kristy T. Rice, Ketra Li, Chunyu TI Integrating Equity in a Public Health Funding Strategy SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE disparity; funding allocation process; horizontal equity; public health; resource allocation; vertical equity ID COLORECTAL-CANCER; UNITED-STATES; DISPARITIES RESEARCH; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; VERTICAL EQUITY; PROGRAM; ALLOCATIONS; INEQUALITY; MORTALITY; GEOGRAPHY AB Objective: Equity can be valuable to guide decision makers about where to target funds; however, there are few studies for modeling vertical equity in public health program funding strategies. This case study modeled vertical equity in the funding strategy of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Colorectal Cancer Control Program. Design: To integrate vertical equity by using historical funding and health data, we (a) examined the need for colorectal cancer screening, (b) conducted multiple regressions to examine the relationship between factors of need and funding of states, (c) stratified states into similar need groups, (d) estimated vertical equity within groups, and (e) assessed equity in the funding distribution. Results: Certain states with similar needs had high relative funding, whereas other states with similar needs had low relative funding. Conclusion: The methods used to integrate vertical equity in this case study could be applied in publicly funded programs to potentially minimize inequities and improve outcomes. C1 [Joseph, Kristy T.; Rice, Ketra; Li, Chunyu] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Joseph, KT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Hlth Protect, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-93, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM vio5@cdc.gov NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1078-4659 EI 1550-5022 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 22 SU 1 BP S68 EP S76 DI 10.1097/PHH.0000000000000346 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK9EL UT WOS:000375233500011 PM 26599032 ER PT J AU Liburd, LC Ehlinger, E Liao, YL Lichtveld, M AF Liburd, Leandris C. Ehlinger, Ed Liao, Youlian Lichtveld, Maureen TI Strengthening the Science and Practice of Health Equity in Public Health SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Liburd, Leandris C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Minor Hlth & Hlth Equ, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop K77, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Liao, Youlian] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Ehlinger, Ed] Minnesota Dept Publ Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Lichtveld, Maureen] Tulane Univ, Dept Global Environm Hlth Sci, Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. RP Liburd, LC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Minor Hlth & Hlth Equ, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop K77, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM lel1@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1078-4659 EI 1550-5022 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 22 SU 1 BP S1 EP S4 DI 10.1097/PHH.0000000000000379 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK9EL UT WOS:000375233500001 PM 26599021 ER PT J AU Minnis, AM Catellier, D Kent, C Ethier, KA Soler, RE Heirendt, W Halpern, MT Rogers, T AF Minnis, Alexandra M. Catellier, Diane Kent, Charlotte Ethier, Kathleen A. Soler, Robin E. Heirendt, Wendy Halpern, Michael T. Rogers, Todd TI Differences in Chronic Disease Behavioral Indicators by Sexual Orientation and Sex SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE diet; health inequities; physical activity; sexual orientation ID HEALTH DISPARITIES; MINORITY WOMEN; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; ADULT HEALTH; WEIGHT; SCALE AB Context: Lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) populations experience significant health inequities in preventive behaviors and chronic disease compared with non-LGB populations. Objectives: To examine differences in physical activity and diet by sexual orientation and sex subgroups and to assess the influences of home and neighborhood environments on these relationships. Design: A population-based survey conducted in 2013-2014. Setting: A stratified, simple, random sample of households in 20 sites in the United States. Participants: A total of 21 322 adult LGB and straight-identified men and women. Outcome Measures: Any leisure-time physical activity in the past month; physical activity 150 min/wk or more; daily frequency of consumption of vegetables, fruit, water, and sugar-sweetened beverages; and the number of meals prepared away from home in the past 7 days. Results: Physical activity and diet varied by sexual orientation and sex; differences persisted after adjusting for sociodemographic factors and household and community environments. Bisexual men reported a higher odds of engaging in frequent physical activity than straight men (odds ratio [OR] = 3.10; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.57-6.14), as did bisexual women compared with straight women (OR = 1.84; 95% CI, 1.20-2.80). LGB subgroups reported residing in more favorable walking and cycling environments. In contrast, gay men and lesbian and bisexual women reported a less favorable community eating environment (availability, affordability, and quality of fruit and vegetables) and a lower frequency of having fruit or vegetables in the home. Lesbian women reported lower daily vegetable consumption (1.79 vs 2.00 mean times per day; difference=-0.21; 95% CI, -0.03 to -0.38), and gay men reported consumption of more meals prepared away from home (3.17 vs 2.63; difference = 0.53; 95% CI, 0.11-0.95) than straight women and men, respectively. Gay men and lesbian and bisexual women reported a higher odds of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption than straight men and women. Conclusions: Findings highlight opportunities for targeted approaches to promote physical activity and mitigate differences in diet to reduce health inequities. C1 [Minnis, Alexandra M.] RTI Int, San Francisco, CA 94104 USA. [Catellier, Diane; Halpern, Michael T.; Rogers, Todd] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Kent, Charlotte; Ethier, Kathleen A.; Soler, Robin E.; Heirendt, Wendy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Minnis, AM (reprint author), RTI Int, Womens Global Hlth Imperat, 351 Calif St,Ste 500, San Francisco, CA 94104 USA. EM aminnis@rti.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2011F-42078] FX This article is supported (in part) by contract no. 200-2011F-42078 with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The authors thank Caitlin Hennessey of RTI International for her assistance with conducting the literature review for this article. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1078-4659 EI 1550-5022 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 22 SU 1 BP S25 EP S32 DI 10.1097/PHH.0000000000000350 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK9EL UT WOS:000375233500006 PM 26599026 ER PT J AU Penman-Aguilar, A Talih, M Huang, D Moonesinghe, R Bouye, K Beckles, G AF Penman-Aguilar, Ana Talih, Makram Huang, David Moonesinghe, Ramal Bouye, Karen Beckles, Gloria TI Measurement of Health Disparities, Health Inequities, and Social Determinants of Health to Support the Advancement of Health Equity SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE health disparities; health equity; measurement; monitoring; social determinants of health; surveillance ID UNITED-STATES; DATA SYSTEMS; LUNG-CANCER; INEQUALITIES; POPULATIONS; MORTALITY; SERVICES; PARADOX; TRENDS; INDEX AB Reduction of health disparities and advancement of health equity in the United States require high-quality data indicative of where the nation stands vis-a-vis health equity, as well as proper analytic tools to facilitate accurate interpretation of these data. This article opens with an overview of health equity and social determinants of health. It then proposes a set of recommended practices in measurement of health disparities, health inequities, and social determinants of health at the national level to support the advancement of health equity, highlighting that (1) differences in health and its determinants that are associated with social position are important to assess; (2) social and structural determinants of health should be assessed and multiple levels of measurement should be considered; (3) the rationale for methodological choices made and measures chosen should be made explicit; (4) groups to be compared should be simultaneously classified by multiple social statuses; and (5) stakeholders and their communication needs can often be considered in the selection of analytic methods. Although much is understood about the role of social determinants of health in shaping the health of populations, researchers should continue to advance understanding of the pathways through which they operate on particular health outcomes. There is still much to learn and implement about how to measure health disparities, health inequities, and social determinants of health at the national level, and the challenges of health equity persist. We anticipate that the present discussion will contribute to the laying of a foundation for standard practice in the monitoring of national progress toward achievement of health equity. C1 [Penman-Aguilar, Ana; Moonesinghe, Ramal; Bouye, Karen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Minor Hlth & Hlth Equ, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Beckles, Gloria] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Talih, Makram; Huang, David] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Penman-Aguilar, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Minor Hlth & Hlth Equ, Off Director, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop K77, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bpv4@cdc.gov NR 60 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 11 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1078-4659 EI 1550-5022 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 22 SU 1 BP S33 EP S42 DI 10.1097/PHH.0000000000000373 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK9EL UT WOS:000375233500007 PM 26599027 ER PT J AU Taillepierre, JCD Liburd, L O'Connor, A Valentine, J Bouye, K McCree, DH Chapel, T Hahn, R AF Taillepierre, Julio C. Dicent Liburd, Leandris O'Connor, Ann Valentine, Jo Bouye, Karen McCree, Donna Hubbard Chapel, Thomas Hahn, Robert TI Toward Achieving Health Equity: Emerging Evidence and Program Practice SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE evidence-based public health practice; health equity programs; universal and targeted public health approaches ID PUBLIC-HEALTH; PROMOTION; EDUCATION; INTERVENTIONS; DISPARITIES; STRATEGY AB Health equity, in the context of public health in the United States, can be characterized as action to ensure all population groups living within a targeted jurisdiction have access to the resources that promote and protect health. There appear to be several elements in program design that enhance health equity. These design elements include consideration of sociodemographic characteristics, understanding the evidence base for reducing health disparities, leveraging multisectoral collaboration, using clustered interventions, engaging communities, and conducting rigorous planning and evaluation. This article describes selected examples of public health programs the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has supported related to these design elements. In addition, it describes an initiative to ensure that CDC extramural grant programs incorporate program strategies to advance health equity, and examples of national reports published by the CDC related to health disparities, health equity, and social determinants of health. C1 [Taillepierre, Julio C. Dicent; Liburd, Leandris; Bouye, Karen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Minor Hlth & Hlth Equ, Off Director, 4700 Buford Hwy NE,MS K-77, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [O'Connor, Ann] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Valentine, Jo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD & TB Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [McCree, Donna Hubbard] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Off Director, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Chapel, Thomas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Program Evaluat, Program Performance Evaluat Off, Off Director, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Hahn, Robert] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Publ Hlth Informat Disseminat, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Off Publ Hlth Sci Serv, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Taillepierre, JCD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Minor Hlth & Hlth Equ, Off Director, 4700 Buford Hwy NE,MS K-77, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jtt5@cdc.gov NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1078-4659 EI 1550-5022 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 22 SU 1 BP S43 EP S49 DI 10.1097/PHH.0000000000000375 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK9EL UT WOS:000375233500008 ER PT J AU Greenlund, KJ Liu, Y Deokar, AJ Wheaton, AG Croft, JB AF Greenlund, Kurt J. Liu, Yong Deokar, Angela J. Wheaton, Anne G. Croft, Janet B. TI Association of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease With Increased Confusion or Memory Loss and Functional Limitations Among Adults in 21 States, 2011 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT; UNITED-STATES; DEMENTIA; SMOKING; DECLINE; PEOPLE; OLDER; SELF; PREVALENCE; COMPLAINTS AB Introduction Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with cognitive impairment, but consequences of this association on a person's functional limitations are unclear. We examined the association between COPD and increased confusion and memory loss (ICML) and functional limitations among adults with COPD. Methods We studied adults aged 45 years or older in 21 states who participated in the 2011 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (n = 102,739). Presence of COPD was based on self-reported physician diagnosis. ICML was based on self-report that confusion or memory loss occurred more often or worsened during the prior year. ICML-associated difficulties were defined as giving up household chores and former activities, decreased ability to work or engage in social activities, or needing help from family or friends during the prior year due to ICML. General limitations were defined as needing special equipment as a result of a health condition, having had activity limitations for 2 weeks or more in the prior month, or being unable to work. Multivariable models were adjusted for demographics, health behaviors or conditions, and frequent mental distress. Results COPD was reported by 9.3% of adults. ICML was greater among those with COPD than among those without COPD (25.8% vs 11%; adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR], 1.48; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.32%-1.66%). People with COPD, either with or without ICML, were more likely than those without COPD to report general functional limitations. Among people reporting ICML, those with COPD were more likely to report interference with work or social activities than those without COPD (aPR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.01%-1.36%). Conclusion Functional limitations were greater among those with COPD than among those without, and ICML may further affect these limitations. Results from our study can inform future studies of self-management and functional limitations for people with COPD. C1 [Greenlund, Kurt J.; Liu, Yong; Deokar, Angela J.; Wheaton, Anne G.; Croft, Janet B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F73, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Greenlund, KJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F73, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM KGreenlund@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 13 AR E02 DI 10.5888/pcd13.150428 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK8SV UT WOS:000375199500002 PM 26741996 ER PT J AU Valdez, R Ouyang, LJ Bolen, J AF Valdez, Rodolfo Ouyang, Lijing Bolen, Julie TI Public Health and Rare Diseases: Oxymoron No More SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Editorial Material ID NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; TAY-SACHS-DISEASE; UNITED-STATES C1 [Valdez, Rodolfo; Ouyang, Lijing; Bolen, Julie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-88, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Valdez, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-88, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rvaldez@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 13 AR E05 DI 10.5888/pcd13.150491 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DK8SV UT WOS:000375199500005 PM 26766846 ER PT J AU Dileo, TD Powell, JB Kang, HK Roberge, RJ Coca, A Kim, JH AF Dileo, Tsavis D. Powell, Jeffrey B. Kang, Hyoung K. Roberge, Raymond J. Coca, Aitor Kim, Jung-Hyun TI Effect of short-term heat acclimation training on kinetics of lactate removal following maximal exercise SO JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE AND PHYSICAL FITNESS LA English DT Article DE Heat Stress Disorders; Adaptation, Physiological; Acidosis, Lactic; Exercise Test ID HIGH-INTENSITY EXERCISE; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; PLASMA-CATECHOLAMINES; GRADED-EXERCISE; HUMANS; MEN; THRESHOLD; PERFORMANCE; METABOLISM; RESPONSES AB BACKGROUND: Heat acclimation (HA) evokes numerous physiological adaptations, improves heat tolerance and has also been shown to enhance lactate (LA) responses during exercise, similar to that seen with endurance training. The purpose of this study was to examine whether HA improves the body's ability to remove LA during recovery following maximal exercise. METHODS: Ten healthy men completed two trials of maximal treadmill exercise (pre- and post-HA) separated by 5 days of HA. Each day of HA consisted of two 45 minute periods of cycling at similar to 50% VO2max separated by a 15min rest period in an environmental chamber (T-db 45 degrees C, RH 20%). In pre-/post-HA trials, venous blood was collected during 60 minutes of recovery to determine LA concentrations and removal kinetics (A2: amplitude and y2: velocity constant) using bi-exponential curve fitting. RESULTS: Physiological adaptation to heat was significantly developed during HA, as evidenced by end-exercise T-re (DAY1 vs. 5) (38.89 +/- 0.56 vs. 38.66 +/- 0.44 degrees C), T-sk (38.07 +/- 0.51 vs. 37.66 +/- 0.48 degrees C), HR (175.0 +/- 9.9 vs. 165.0 +/- 18.5 beats-min(-1)), and sweat rate (1.24 +/- 26 vs. 1.47 +/- 0.27 L.min(-1) (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in either LA concentrations (LA(0min): 8.78 +/- 1.08 vs. 8.69 +/- 1.23; LA(peak); 10.97 +/- 1.77 vs. 10.95 +/- 1.46; and La-60min; 2.88 +/- 0.82 vs. 2.96 +/- 0.93 mmol.L-1) or removal kinetics (A2:-13.05 +/- 7.05 vs-15.59 +/- 7.90 mmol.L-1 and y2: 0.02 +/- 0.01 vs. 0.0 +/- 3.01min(-1)) CONCLUSIONS: The present study concluded that, while effective in inducing thermo-physiological adaptations to heat stress, short-term HA does not improve the body's ability to remove LA following maximal exercise. Therefore, athletes and workers seeking faster LA recovery from intense physical activity may not benefit from short-term HA. C1 [Dileo, Tsavis D.; Powell, Jeffrey B.; Roberge, Raymond J.; Coca, Aitor; Kim, Jung-Hyun] NIOSH, NPPTL, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Kang, Hyoung K.] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Phys Educ, Coll Educ, Seoul, South Korea. RP Kim, JH (reprint author), POB 18070, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM inr3@cdc.gov FU NPPTL FX The study was funded by NPPTL internal operating funds. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA PI TURIN PA CORSO BRAMANTE 83-85 INT JOURNALS DEPT., 10126 TURIN, ITALY SN 0022-4707 EI 1827-1928 J9 J SPORT MED PHYS FIT JI J. Sports Med. Phys. Fit. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 56 IS 1-2 BP 70 EP 78 PG 9 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA DK2AN UT WOS:000374717100009 PM 25286892 ER PT J AU Stoney, RJ Kozarsky, P Bostick, RM Sotir, MJ AF Stoney, Rhett J. Kozarsky, Phyllis Bostick, Roberd M. Sotir, Mark J. TI International travellers from New Jersey: piloting a travel health module in the 2011 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey SO JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE US international travel; population-based surveillance; BRFSS; travellers' health; New Jersey; travel epidemiology ID UNITED-STATES; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; SWEDISH TRAVELERS; KNOWLEDGE; ATTITUDES; ADVICE; AIRPORT; CARE AB Background. In 2011, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the New Jersey Department of Health used the New Jersey Behavioral Risk Factor Survey (NJBRFS), a state component of the national Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) to pilot a travel health module designed to collect population-based data on New Jersey residents travelling internationally. Our objective was to use this population-based travel health information to serve as a baseline to evaluate trends in US international travellers. Methods. A representative sample of New Jersey residents was identified through a random-digit-dialing method and administered the travel health module, which asked five questions: travel outside of USA during the previous year; destination; purpose; if a healthcare provider was visited before travel and any travel-related illness. Additional health variables from the larger NJBRFS were considered and included in bivariate analyses and multiple logistic regression; weights were assigned to variables to account for survey design complexity. Results. Of 4029 participants, 841 (21%) travelled internationally. Top destinations included Mexico (10%), Canada (9%), Dominican Republic (6%), Bahamas (5%) and Italy (5%). Variables positively associated with travel included foreign birth, >=$75 000 annual household income, college education and no children living in the household. One hundred fifty (18%) of 821 travellers with known destinations went to high-risk countries; 40% were visiting friends and relatives and only 30% sought pre-travel healthcare. Forty-eight (6%) of 837 responding travellers reported travel-related illness; 44% visited high-risk countries. Conclusions. Approximately one in five NJBRFS respondents travelled internationally during the previous year, a sizeable proportion to high-risk destinations. Few reported becoming ill as a result of travel but almost one-half of those ill had travelled to high-risk destinations. Population-based surveillance data on travellers can help document trends in destinations, traveller type and disease prevalence and evaluate the effectiveness of disease prevention programmmes. C1 [Stoney, Rhett J.; Kozarsky, Phyllis; Sotir, Mark J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-03, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Bostick, Roberd M.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Stoney, RJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-03, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM uyn2@cdc.gov NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1195-1982 EI 1708-8305 J9 J TRAVEL MED JI J. Travel Med. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 23 IS 1 AR tav015 DI 10.1093/jtm/tav015 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DJ6EB UT WOS:000374301700015 ER PT J AU Owusu-Edusei, K Patel, CG Gift, TL AF Owusu-Edusei, Kwame, Jr. Patel, Chirag G. Gift, Thomas L. TI Does place of service matter? A utilisation and cost analysis of sexually transmissible infection testing from 2012 claims data SO SEXUAL HEALTH LA English DT Article ID TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; HOSPITALIZATION COST; ADMINISTRATIVE DATA; RETAIL CLINICS; UNITED-STATES; DIAGNOSIS; QUALITY; CARE AB Background In this study, a previous study on the utilisation and cost of sexually transmissible infection (STI) tests was augmented by focusing on outpatient place of service for the most utilised tests. Methods: Claims for eight STI tests [chlamydia, gonorrhoea, hepatitis B virus (HBV), HIV, human papillomavirus (HPV), herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV2), syphilis and trichomoniasis] using the most utilised current procedural terminology (CPT) code for each STI from the 2012 MarketScan outpatient table were extracted. The volume and costs by gender and place of service were then summarised. Finally, semi-log regression analyses were used to further examine and compare costs. Results: Females had a higher number of test claims than males in all places of service for each STI. Together, claims from Independent Laboratories', Office' and Outpatient hospital' accounted for over 93% of all the test claims. The cost of tests were slightly (<5%) different between males and females for most places of service. Except for the estimated average cost for Outpatient hospital', the estimated average costs for the other categories were significantly lower (15-80%, P<0.01) than the estimated average cost for Emergency Room - Hospital' for all the STIs. Among the predominant service venues, test costs from Independent Laboratory' and Office' were 30% to 69% lower (P<0.01) than those from Outpatient Hospital'. Conclusions: Even though the results from this study are not generalisable, our study shows that almost all STI tests from outpatient claims data were performed in three service venues with considerable cost variations. C1 [Owusu-Edusei, Kwame, Jr.; Patel, Chirag G.; Gift, Thomas L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd MS E-80, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Owusu-Edusei, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd MS E-80, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Kowusuedusei@cdc.gov NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1448-5028 EI 1449-8987 J9 SEX HEALTH JI Sex Health PY 2016 VL 13 IS 2 BP 131 EP 139 DI 10.1071/SH15066 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DJ1UO UT WOS:000373990700004 PM 26774890 ER PT J AU Cham, HJ Lasswell, SM Miller, KS AF Cham, Haddi J. Lasswell, Sarah M. Miller, Kim S. TI Parents' reactions to testing for herpes simplex virus type 2 as a biomarker of sexual activity in Botswana junior secondary school students SO SEXUAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE biological outcomes; HIV research; parental acceptance; parental perception; sexual activity biomarkers ID COMMUNITY-RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; BIOLOGICAL-OUTCOMES; HEALTH INTERVENTION; HIV PREVENTION; SELF-REPORTS; BEHAVIOR; ZIMBABWE; TANZANIA; ADOLESCENTS; INTERCOURSE AB Background Use of sexual activity biomarkers in HIV prevention trials has been widely supported to validate self-reported data. When such trials involve minors, researchers may face challenges in obtaining parental buy-in, especially if return of results procedures uphold the confidentiality and privacy rights of minors and preclude parental access to test results. In preparation for a randomised controlled trial (RCT) with junior secondary school (JSS) students in Botswana, a formative assessment was conducted to assess parents' opinions and concerns about testing for herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) (biomarker of sexual activity) as part of the RCT. Methods: Six focus groups were held with parents (n=32) of JSS students from urban, peri-urban and rural communities. Parents were asked their opinions of students being tested for HSV-2 and procedures for blood sample collection and return of results. Results: Overall, parents were supportive of HSV-2 testing, which they thought was a beneficial sexual health resource for adolescents and parents, and a motivation for parent-child communication about HSV-2, sexual activity and sexual abuse. Some parents supported the proposed plan to disclose HSV-2 test results to adolescents only, citing the importance of adolescent privacy and the possibility of HSV-2 positive adolescents being stigmatised by family members. Conversely, opposing parents requested parental access to results. These parents were concerned that adolescents may experience distress following a positive result and withhold this information thereby reducing parents' abilities to provide support. Parents were also concerned about support for victims of sexual abuse. Conclusion: Although the present study demonstrates that parents can be accepting of sexual activity biomarker testing of adolescents, more research is needed to identify best approaches for returning test results. C1 [Cham, Haddi J.] SciMetrika, 2987 Clairmont Rd NE 220, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Cham, Haddi J.; Lasswell, Sarah M.; Miller, Kim S.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Global HIV AIDS, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Cham, HJ (reprint author), SciMetrika, 2987 Clairmont Rd NE 220, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA.; Cham, HJ (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Global HIV AIDS, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hcham@cdc.gov FU Botswana Ministry of Education; Ministry of Health; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Botswana; USA President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief through the USA CDC FX The authors would like to thank the parents for participating in the focus group discussions and the schools for their assistance with this study. We would also like to acknowledge the Botswana Ministry of Education, Ministry of Health, and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Botswana for all of their support and guidance. This research was supported by the USA President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief through the USA CDC. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1448-5028 EI 1449-8987 J9 SEX HEALTH JI Sex Health PY 2016 VL 13 IS 2 BP 148 EP 154 DI 10.1071/SH15092 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DJ1UO UT WOS:000373990700006 PM 26886026 ER PT J AU Barskey, AE Babu, AS Hernandez, A Espinoza, L AF Barskey, Albert E. Babu, Aruna Surendera Hernandez, Angela Espinoza, Lorena TI Patterns and Trends of Newly Diagnosed HIV Infections Among Adults and Adolescents in Correctional and Noncorrectional Facilities, United States, 2008-2011 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID CARE; COMMUNITY; REINCARCERATION; OFFENDERS; SERVICES; LINKAGE; PRISON; WOMEN AB Objectives. We aimed to determine whether the patterns and trends of HIV infections newly diagnosed within correctional and noncorrectional facilities differ. Methods. We classified persons newly diagnosed with HIV infection in the United States between 2008 and 2011 (n = 181 710) by correctional and noncorrectional facilities where diagnoses were first made, and stratified by sex, age group, race/ethnicity, transmission category, and diagnosis year. Results. An estimated 9187 persons were newly diagnosed with HIV infection in 2008 to 2011 while incarcerated, representing approximately 5.1% of the 181 710 HIV infections diagnosed in the United States during this period. Of these incarcerated persons, 84% were male, 30% were aged 30 to 39 years, 59% were Black/African American, and 51% of the men had been exposed through male-to-male sexual contact. Yearly numbers of diagnoses declined by 9.9% in correctional versus 0.3% in noncorrectional facilities. The percentage with a late HIV diagnosis was significantly lower in correctional than in noncorrectional facilities (prevalence ratio = 0.52; 95% confidence interval = 0.49, 0.55). Conclusions. Initial HIV diagnosis occurred sooner after HIV infection onset in correctional than in noncorrectional settings, pointing to the need for efficient referral systems after release. C1 [Barskey, Albert E.; Hernandez, Angela; Espinoza, Lorena] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Babu, Aruna Surendera] ICF Int, Corp Sq NE,Suite 370, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Barskey, AE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-47, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM abarskey@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported as public health surveillance by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 EI 1541-0048 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD JAN PY 2016 VL 106 IS 1 BP 103 EP 109 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2015.302868 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DI3VS UT WOS:000373428000032 PM 26562113 ER PT J AU Ogawa, GM Pereira, AM Resadore, F Ferreira, RDM Medeiros, JF Camargo, LMA AF Ogawa, Guilherme Maerschner Pereira Junior, Antonio Marques Resadore, Fabio Mattos Ferreira, Ricardo de Godoi Medeiros, Jansen Fernandes Aranha Camargo, Luis Marcelo TI Sandfly fauna (Diptera: Psychodidae) from caves in the state of Rondonia, Brazil SO REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA LA English DT Article DE Caves; sandflies; Rondonia; Amazon ID AMERICAN CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; FLIES DIPTERA; AMAZON-REGION; MATO-GROSSO; PHLEBOTOMINES DIPTERA; MOLECULAR-DETECTION; NATURAL INFECTION; NORTH-BRAZIL; TERRA-FIRME AB This study had the aim of ascertaining the sandfly fauna and possible presence of Leishmania in these insects, collected in caves in the state of Rondonia, Brazil. Collections were conducted in eight caves located in two different areas of this state. Leishmania in the sandflies collected was detected using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). This was the first study on sandflies from caves in Rondonia and, among the total of 1,236 individuals collected, 24 species and 10 genera were identified. The species Evandromyia georgii was collected for the first time in Rondonia and the most abundant species were Trichophoromyia ubiquitalis with 448 individuals (36.2%), followed by T. octavioi with 283 (22.9%) and E. georgii with 179 (14.5%). For the PCR, 17 pools were analyzed and five pools were positive (for T. auraensis in three pools and for Nyssomyia shawi and N. antunesi in one pool each). The kDNA region was amplified and the presence of Leishmania DNA was confirmed. The sandfly fauna in these caves can be considered diverse in comparison with similar studies in other regions. It may be that some species use caves as a temporary shelter and breeding site, while other species live exclusively in this environment. The detection of Leishmania DNA indicates that this pathogen is circulating in cave environments and that further studies are needed in order to ascertain the risks of infection by leishmaniasis in these locations with high touristic potential. C1 [Ogawa, Guilherme Maerschner] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Parasitol Dis & Malaria, 1600 Clifton rd NE,MS-D-65, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Pereira Junior, Antonio Marques] Fundacao Univ Fed Rondonia UNIR, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil. [Pereira Junior, Antonio Marques; Resadore, Fabio; Mattos Ferreira, Ricardo de Godoi; Medeiros, Jansen Fernandes] Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz FIOCRUZ Rondonia, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil. [Aranha Camargo, Luis Marcelo] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Ciencias Biomed, Monte Negro, RO, Brazil. RP Ogawa, GM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Parasitol Dis & Malaria, 1600 Clifton rd NE,MS-D-65, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM guilelme@gmail.com RI Ferreira, Ricardo/C-7920-2012 OI Ferreira, Ricardo/0000-0003-2363-1289 NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU BRAZILIAN COLL VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY PI SAO PAULO PA C/O ASSISTANT EDITOR AV PROF LINEU PRESTES, 1374, CIDADE UNIVERSITARIA, CEP 05508-900, SAO PAULO, 00000, BRAZIL SN 1984-2961 J9 REV BRAS PARASITOL V JI Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet. PD JAN-MAR PY 2016 VL 25 IS 1 BP 61 EP 68 DI 10.1590/S1984-29612016017 PG 8 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA DI1TS UT WOS:000373279300008 PM 27007243 ER PT S AU Burris, S Ashe, M Levin, D Penn, M Larkin, M AF Burris, Scott Ashe, Marice Levin, Donna Penn, Matthew Larkin, Michelle BE Fielding, JE TI A Transdisciplinary Approach to Public Health Law: The Emerging Practice of Legal Epidemiology SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF PUBLIC HEALTH, VOL 37 SE Annual Review of Public Health LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE policy surveillance; legal epidemiology; public health practice; public health law; public health law research ID INTEGRATING LAW; IMPROVE HEALTH; POLICY; IMPACT; INTERVENTIONS; ENVIRONMENT; FRAMEWORK; SERVICES; BEHAVIOR; SUPPORT AB Public health law has roots in both law and science. For more than a century, lawyers have helped develop and implement health laws; over the past 50 years, scientific evaluation of the health effects of laws and legal practices has achieved high levels of rigor and influence. We describe an emerging model of public health law that unites these two traditions. This transdisciplinary model adds scientific practices to the lawyerly functions of normative and doctrinal research, counseling, and representation. These practices include policy surveillance and empirical public health law research on the efficacy of legal interventions and the impact of laws and legal practices on health and health system operation. A transdisciplinary model of public health law, melding its legal and scientific facets, can help break down enduring cultural, disciplinary, and resource barriers that have prevented the full recognition and optimal role of law in public health. C1 [Burris, Scott] Temple Univ, Beasley Sch Law, Natl Program Off, Publ Hlth Law Res Program, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. [Ashe, Marice] ChangeLab Solut, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. [Levin, Donna] Network Publ Hlth Law, St Paul, MN 55105 USA. [Penn, Matthew] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Larkin, Michelle] Robert Wood Johnson Fdn, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. RP Burris, S (reprint author), Temple Univ, Beasley Sch Law, Natl Program Off, Publ Hlth Law Res Program, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. EM scott.burris@temple.edu; mashe@changelabsolutions.org; dlevin@networkforphl.org; itv1@cdc.gov; mlarkin@rwjf.org FU OSTLTS CDC HHS [CDC-RFA-OT13-1302] NR 84 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 9 U2 10 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA SN 0163-7525 BN 978-0-8243-2737-8 J9 ANNU REV PUBL HEALTH JI Annu. Rev. Public Health PY 2016 VL 37 BP 135 EP 148 DI 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-032315-021841 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA BE5NW UT WOS:000373066600009 PM 26667606 ER PT J AU Budge, PJ Sognikin, E Akosa, A Mathieu, EM Deming, M AF Budge, Philip J. Sognikin, Edmond Akosa, Amanda Mathieu, Els M. Deming, Michael TI Accuracy of Coverage Survey Recall following an Integrated Mass Drug Administration for Lymphatic Filariasis, Schistosomiasis, and Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES; VACCINATION AB Background Achieving target coverage levels for mass drug administration (MDA) is essential to elimination and control efforts for several neglected tropical diseases (NTD). To ensure program goals are met, coverage reported by drug distributors may be validated through household coverage surveys that rely on respondent recall. This is the first study to assess accuracy in such surveys. Methodology/Principal Findings Recall accuracy was tested in a series of coverage surveys conducted at 1, 6, and 12 months after an integrated MDA in Togo during which three drugs (albendazole, ivermectin, and praziquantel) were distributed. Drug distribution was observed during the MDA to ensure accurate recording of persons treated during the MDA. Information was obtained for 506, 1131, and 947 persons surveyed at 1, 6, and 12 months, respectively. Coverage (defined as the percentage of persons taking at least one of the MDA medications) within these groups was respectively 88.3%, 87.4%, and 80.0%, according to the treatment registers; it was 87.9%, 91.4% and 89.4%, according to survey responses. Concordance between respondents and registers on swallowing at least one pill was > 95% at 1 month and > 86% at 12 months; the lower concordance at 12 months was more likely due to difficulty matching survey respondents with the year-old treatment register rather than inaccurate responses. Respondents generally distinguished between pills similar in appearance; concordance for recall of which pills were taken was over 80% in each survey. Significance In this population, coverage surveys provided remarkably consistent coverage estimates for up to one year following an integrated MDA. It is not clear if similar consistency will be seen in other settings, however, these data suggest that in some settings coverage surveys might be conducted as much as one year following an MDA without compromising results. This might enable integration of post-MDA coverage measurement into large, multipurpose, periodic surveys, thereby conserving resources. C1 [Budge, Philip J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Budge, Philip J.; Mathieu, Els M.; Deming, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Parasit Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sognikin, Edmond] Minist Hlth, Div Community Hlth, Lome, Togo. [Akosa, Amanda] Georgia State Univ, Dept Biol, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Budge, Philip J.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. RP Mathieu, EM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Parasit Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. EM emm7@cdc.gov FU Mecitzan Donation Program FX Funding for this study was provided by the Mecitzan Donation Program (http://www.mectizan.org/). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 10 IS 1 AR e0004358 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004358 PG 13 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA DH1SR UT WOS:000372565700060 PM 26766287 ER PT J AU Golden, A Stevens, EJ Yokobe, L Faulx, D Kalnoky, M Peck, R Valdez, M Steel, C Karabou, P Banla, M Soboslay, PT Adade, K Tekle, AH Cama, VA Fischer, PU Nutman, TB Unnasch, TR de los Santos, T Domingo, GJ AF Golden, Allison Stevens, Eric J. Yokobe, Lindsay Faulx, Dunia Kalnoky, Michael Peck, Roger Valdez, Melissa Steel, Cathy Karabou, Potochoziou Banla, Meba Soboslay, Peter T. Adade, Kangi Tekle, Afework H. Cama, Vitaliano A. Fischer, Peter U. Nutman, Thomas B. Unnasch, Thomas R. de los Santos, Tala Domingo, Gonzalo J. TI A Recombinant Positive Control for Serology Diagnostic Tests Supporting Elimination of Onchocerca volvulus SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ANTIBODY-TEST; TRANSMISSION; INFECTION; FOCUS; INTERRUPTION; PURIFICATION; PROTEINS; LIBRARY; ANTIGEN; MARKER AB Background Serological assays for human IgG4 to the Onchocerca volvulus antigen Ov16 have been used to confirm elimination of onchocerciasis in much of the Americas and parts of Africa. A standardized source of positive control antibody (human anti-Ov16 IgG4) will ensure the quality of surveillance data using these tests. Methodology/Principal Findings A recombinant human IgG4 antibody to Ov16 was identified by screening against a synthetic human Fab phage display library and converted into human IgG4. This antibody was developed into different positive control formulations for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and rapid diagnostic test (RDT) platforms. Variation in ELISA results and utility as a positive control of the antibody were assessed from multiple laboratories. Temperature and humidity conditions were collected across seven surveillance activities from 20112014 to inform stability requirements for RDTs and positive controls. The feasibility of the dried positive control for RDT was evaluated during onchocerciasis surveillance activity in Togo, in 2014. When the anti-Ov16 IgG4 antibody was used as a standard dilution in horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and alkaline phosphatase (AP) ELISAs, the detection limits were approximately 1ng/mL by HRP ELISA and 10ng/mL by AP ELISA. Positive control dilutions and spiked dried blood spots (DBS) produced similar ELISA results. Used as a simple plate normalization control, the positive control antibody may improve ELISA data comparison in the context of inter-laboratory variation. The aggregate temperature and humidity monitor data informed temperature parameters under which the dried positive control was tested and are applicable inputs for testing of diagnostics tools intended for sub-Saharan Africa. As a packaged positive control for Ov16 RDTs, stability of the antibody was demonstrated for over six months at relevant temperatures in the laboratory and for over 15 weeks under field conditions. Conclusions The recombinant human anti-Ov16 IgG4 antibody-based positive control will benefit inter-laboratory validation of ELISA assays and serve as quality control (QC) reagents for Ov16 RDTs at different points of the supply chain from manufacturer to field use. C1 [Golden, Allison; Stevens, Eric J.; Yokobe, Lindsay; Faulx, Dunia; Kalnoky, Michael; Peck, Roger; Valdez, Melissa; de los Santos, Tala; Domingo, Gonzalo J.] PATH, Diagnost Global Program, Seattle, WA USA. [Steel, Cathy; Nutman, Thomas B.] NIAID, Parasit Dis Lab, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Karabou, Potochoziou; Adade, Kangi] Natl Onchocerciasis Control Programme, Kara, Togo. [Banla, Meba; Soboslay, Peter T.] Natl Inst Hyg, Onchocerciasis Reference Lab, Sokode, Togo. [Soboslay, Peter T.] Univ Clin Tubingen, Inst Trop Med, Tubingen, Germany. [Tekle, Afework H.] WHO, African Programme Onchocerciasis Control, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. [Cama, Vitaliano A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fischer, Peter U.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Infect Dis, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Unnasch, Thomas R.] Univ S Florida, Dept Global Hlth, Global Hlth Infect Dis Res Program, Tampa, FL USA. RP Golden, A (reprint author), PATH, Diagnost Global Program, Seattle, WA USA. EM algolden@path.org FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP1017876] FX This work was funded by Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation grant OPP1017876 received by TdlS, PATH, Director, Diagnostics Global Program and Project Lead. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 10 IS 1 AR e0004292 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004292 PG 16 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA DH1SR UT WOS:000372565700017 PM 26745374 ER PT J AU Spengler, JR Bergeron, E Rollin, PE AF Spengler, Jessica R. Bergeron, Eric Rollin, Pierre E. TI Seroepidemiological Studies of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in Domestic and Wild Animals SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Review ID RIFT-VALLEY FEVER; ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT; MIGRATORY BIRDS; HYALOMMA-MARGINATUM; SEROLOGIC EVIDENCE; SOUTHERN-AFRICA; RISK-FACTORS; LIVESTOCK; TICKS; IRAN AB Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a widely distributed, tick-borne viral disease. Humans are the only species known to develop illness after CCHF virus (CCHFV) infection, characterized by a nonspecific febrile illness that can progress to severe, often fatal, hemorrhagic disease. A variety of animals may serve as asymptomatic reservoirs of CCHFV in an endemic cycle of transmission. Seroepidemiological studies have been instrumental in elucidating CCHFV reservoirs and in determining endemic foci of viral transmission. Herein, we review over 50 years of CCHFV seroepidemiological studies in domestic and wild animals. This review highlights the role of livestock in the maintenance and transmission of CCHFV, and provides a detailed summary of seroepidemiological studies of wild animal species, reflecting their relative roles in CCHFV ecology. C1 [Spengler, Jessica R.; Bergeron, Eric; Rollin, Pierre E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Spengler, JR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. EM JSpengler@cdc.gov OI Spengler, Jessica R./0000-0002-5383-0513 FU National Institutes of Health Loan Repayment Award; CDC; NIAID [R01AI109008]; CDC foundation project FX This work was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and CDC [to J.R.S.], and by the National Institutes of Health Loan Repayment Award [to J.R.S.]. This work was also supported by CDC and CDC foundation project funded by NIAID grant R01AI109008 [to E.B.]. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 129 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 10 IS 1 AR e0004210 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004210 PG 28 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA DH1SR UT WOS:000372565700004 PM 26741652 ER PT J AU West, SK Munoz, B Weaver, J Mrango, Z Dize, L Gaydos, C Quinn, TC Martin, DL AF West, Sheila K. Munoz, Beatriz Weaver, Jerusha Mrango, Zakayo Dize, Laura Gaydos, Charlotte Quinn, Thomas C. Martin, Diana L. TI Can We Use Antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis as a Surveillance Tool for National Trachoma Control Programs? Results from a District Survey SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID COMMUNITIES; REDUCTION; GAMBIA AB Background Trachoma is targeted for elimination by 2020. World Health Organization advises districts to undertake surveillance when follicular trachoma (TF) < 5% in children 1-9 years and mass antibiotic administration has ceased. There is a question if other tools could be used for surveillance as well. We report data from a test for antibodies to C. trachomatis antigen pgp3 as a possible tool. Methodology We randomly sampled 30 hamlets in Kilosa district, Tanzania, and randomly selected 50 children ages 1-9 per hamlet. The tarsal conjunctivae were graded for trachoma (TF), tested for C. trachomatis infection (Aptima Combo2 assay: Hologic, San Diego, CA), and a dried blood spot processed for antibodies to C. trachomatis pgp3 using a multiplex bead assay on a Luminex 100 platform. Principal findings The prevalence of trachoma (TF) was 0.4%, well below the < 5% indicator for re-starting a program. Infection was also low, 1.1%. Of the 30 hamlets, 22 had neither infection nor TF. Antibody positivity overall was low, 7.5% and increased with age from 5.2% in 1-3 year olds, to 9.3% in 7-9 year olds (p = 0.015). In 16 of the 30 hamlets, no children ages 1-3 years had antibodies to pgp3. Conclusions The antibody status of the 1-3 year olds indicates low cumulative exposure to infection during the surveillance period. Four years post MDA, there is no evidence for re-emergence of follicular trachoma. C1 [West, Sheila K.; Munoz, Beatriz; Weaver, Jerusha] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dana Ctr Prevent Ophthalmol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Mrango, Zakayo] Natl Inst Med Res, Kilosa, Tanzania. [Dize, Laura; Gaydos, Charlotte; Quinn, Thomas C.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Div Infect Dis, Baltimore, MD USA. [Quinn, Thomas C.] NIAID, Div Intramural Res, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. [Martin, Diana L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP West, SK (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dana Ctr Prevent Ophthalmol, Baltimore, MD USA. EM shwest@jhmi.edu FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases FX Funding was provided by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation through a grant to the Task Force for Global Health, and in part by the Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 10 IS 1 AR e0004352 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004352 PG 11 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA DH1SR UT WOS:000372565700056 PM 26771906 ER PT J AU Hobson, DW Roberts, SM Shvedova, AA Warheit, DB Hinkley, GK Guy, RC AF Hobson, David W. Roberts, Stephen M. Shvedova, Anna A. Warheit, David B. Hinkley, Georgia K. Guy, Robin C. TI Applied Nanotoxicology SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE nanotoxicology; nanomaterial toxicology; nanotechnology; nanoparticle; nanosafety; nanomaterial ID WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; OXIDATIVE STRESS; ENGINEERED NANOMATERIALS; PULMONARY TOXICITY; SURFACE-PROPERTIES; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; DRUG-DELIVERY; C57BL/6 MICE; PARTICLES; ASBESTOS AB Nanomaterials, including nanoparticles and nanoobjects, are being incorporated into everyday products at an increasing rate. These products include consumer products of interest to toxicologists such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, food, food packaging, household products, and so on. The manufacturing of products containing or utilizing nanomaterials in their composition may also present potential toxicologic concerns in the workplace. The molecular complexity and composition of these nanomaterials are ever increasing, and the means and methods being applied to characterize and perform useful toxicologic assessments are rapidly advancing. This article includes presentations by experienced toxicologists in the nanotoxicology community who are focused on the applied aspect of the discipline toward supporting state of the art toxicologic assessments for food products and packaging, pharmaceuticals and medical devices, inhaled nanoparticle and gastrointestinal exposures, and addressing occupational safety and health issues and concerns. This symposium overview article summarizes 5 talks that were presented at the 35th Annual meeting of the American College of Toxicology on the subject of Applied Nanotechnology. C1 [Hobson, David W.] LoneStar PharmTox LLC, Bergheim, TX USA. [Roberts, Stephen M.; Hinkley, Georgia K.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Shvedova, Anna A.] NIOSH, CDC, Morgantown, WV USA. [Warheit, David B.] Chemours Co, Wilmington, DE USA. [Guy, Robin C.] Robin Guy Consulting LLC, POB 830, Lake Forest, IL 60045 USA. RP Guy, RC (reprint author), Robin Guy Consulting LLC, POB 830, Lake Forest, IL 60045 USA. EM robinguy@robinguy.com FU NIOSH [OH008282]; NORA [0HELD015]; EC-FP-7-NANOSOLUTIONS FX The authors disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: Dr Shvedova's portion of this manuscript was supported by NIOSH OH008282, NORA 0HELD015, and EC-FP-7-NANOSOLUTIONS. NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 17 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1091-5818 EI 1092-874X J9 INT J TOXICOL JI Int. J. Toxicol. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 35 IS 1 SI SI BP 5 EP 16 DI 10.1177/1091581816628484 PG 12 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA DG7XW UT WOS:000372298000002 PM 26957538 ER PT J AU Purcell, DW McCray, E Mermin, J AF Purcell, David W. McCray, Eugene Mermin, Jonathan TI The Shift to High-Impact HIV Prevention by Health Departments in the United States SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Editorial Material ID ANTIRETROVIRAL PROPHYLAXIS; INFECTION C1 [Purcell, David W.; McCray, Eugene] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS D-21, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Mermin, Jonathan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Purcell, DW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS D-21, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM dpurcell@cdc.gov NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 131 IS 1 BP 7 EP 10 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DG9HD UT WOS:000372392500004 PM 26843663 ER PT J AU Sharapov, UM Kentenyants, K Groeger, J Roberts, H Holmberg, SD Collier, MG AF Sharapov, Umid M. Kentenyants, Karine Groeger, Justina Roberts, Henry Holmberg, Scott D. Collier, Melissa G. TI Hepatitis A Infections Among Food Handlers in the United States, 1993-2011 SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID IMMUNIZATION; ECONOMICS AB We reviewed news reports of hepatitis A virus (HAV)-infected food handlers in the United States from 1993 to 2011 using the LexisNexis (R) search engine. Using U.S. news reports, we identified 192 HAV-infected food handlers who worked while infectious; of these HAV-infected individuals, 34 (18%) transmitted HAV to restaurant patrons. News reports of HAV-infected food handlers declined from 1993 to 2011. This analysis suggests that universal childhood vaccination contributed to the decrease in reports of HAV-infected food handlers, but mandatory vaccination of this group is unlikely to be cost-effective. C1 [Sharapov, Umid M.; Kentenyants, Karine; Groeger, Justina; Roberts, Henry; Holmberg, Scott D.; Collier, Melissa G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G-37, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Kentenyants, Karine; Groeger, Justina] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Collier, MG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G-37, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM fcv1@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 131 IS 1 BP 26 EP 29 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DG9HD UT WOS:000372392500007 PM 26843666 ER PT J AU Flores, SA Purcell, DW Fisher, HH Belcher, L Carey, JW Courtenay-Quirk, C Dunbar, E Eke, AN Galindo, CA Glassman, M Margolis, AD Neumann, MS Prather, C Stratford, D Taylor, RD Mermin, J AF Flores, Stephen A. Purcell, David W. Fisher, Holly H. Belcher, Lisa Carey, James W. Courtenay-Quirk, Cari Dunbar, Erica Eke, Agatha N. Galindo, Carla A. Glassman, Marlene Margolis, Andrew D. Neumann, Mary Spink Prather, Cynthia Stratford, Dale Taylor, Raekiela D. Mermin, Jonathan CA ECHPP Project Team TI Shifting Resources and Focus to Meet the Goals of the National HIV/AIDS Strategy: The Enhanced Comprehensive HIV Prevention Planning Project, 2010-2013 SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article AB In September 2010, CDC launched the Enhanced Comprehensive HIV Prevention Planning (ECHPP) project to shift HIV-related activities to meet goals of the 2010 National HIV/AIDS Strategy (NHAS). Twelve health departments in cities with high AIDS burden participated. These 12 grantees submitted plans detailing jurisdiction-level goals, strategies, and objectives for HIV prevention and care activities. We reviewed plans to identify themes in the planning process and initial implementation. Planning themes included data integration, broad engagement of partners, and resource allocation modeling. Implementation themes included organizational change, building partnerships, enhancing data use, developing protocols and policies, and providing training and technical assistance for new and expanded activities. Pilot programs also allowed grantees to assess the feasibility of large-scale implementation. These findings indicate that health departments in areas hardest hit by HIV are shifting their HIV prevention and care programs to increase local impact. Examples from ECHPP will be of interest to other health departments as they work toward meeting the NHAS goals. C1 [Flores, Stephen A.; Purcell, David W.; Fisher, Holly H.; Belcher, Lisa; Carey, James W.; Courtenay-Quirk, Cari; Dunbar, Erica; Eke, Agatha N.; Galindo, Carla A.; Glassman, Marlene; Margolis, Andrew D.; Neumann, Mary Spink; Prather, Cynthia; Stratford, Dale; Taylor, Raekiela D.; Mermin, Jonathan; ECHPP Project Team] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-37, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Flores, SA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-37, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM sflores@cdc.gov NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 131 IS 1 BP 52 EP 58 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DG9HD UT WOS:000372392500011 PM 26843670 ER PT J AU Fisher, HH Hoyte, T Flores, SA Purcell, DW Dunbar, E Stratford, D AF Fisher, Holly H. Hoyte, Tamika Flores, Stephen A. Purcell, David W. Dunbar, Erica Stratford, Dale TI Evaluation Framework for HIV Prevention and Care Activities in the Enhanced Comprehensive HIV Prevention Planning Project, 2010-2013 SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article AB Objective. The Enhanced Comprehensive HIV Prevention Planning (ECHPP) project was a demonstration project implemented by 12 U.S. health departments (2010-2013) to enhance HIV program planning in cities with high AIDS prevalence, in support of National HIV/AIDS Strategy goals. Grantees were required to improve their planning and implementation of HIV prevention and care programs to increase their impact on local HIV epidemics. A multilevel evaluation using multiple data sources, spanning multiple years (2008-2015), will be conducted to assess the effect of ECHPP on client outcomes (e.g., HIV risk behaviors) and impact indicators (e.g., new HIV diagnoses). Methods. We designed an evaluation approach that includes a broad assessment of program planning and implementation, a detailed examination of HIV prevention and care activities across funding sources, and an analysis of environmental and contextual factors that may affect services. A data triangulation approach was incorporated to integrate findings across all indicators and data sources to determine the extent to which ECHPP contributed to trends in indicators. Results. To date, data have been collected for 2008-2009 (pre-ECHPP implementation) and 2010-2013 (ECHPP period). Initial analysis of process data indicate the ECHPP grantees increased their provision of HIV testing, condom distribution, and partner services programs and expanded their delivery of prevention programs for people diagnosed with HIV. Conclusion. The ECHPP evaluation (2008-2015) will assess whether ECHPP programmatic activities in 12 areas with high AIDS prevalence contributed to changes in client outcomes, and whether these changes were associated with changes in longer-term, community-level impact. C1 [Fisher, Holly H.; Hoyte, Tamika; Flores, Stephen A.; Purcell, David W.; Dunbar, Erica; Stratford, Dale] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-59, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Fisher, HH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-59, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hfisher@cdc.gov NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 131 IS 1 BP 67 EP 75 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DG9HD UT WOS:000372392500013 PM 26843672 ER PT J AU Schackman, BR Eggman, AA Leff, JA Braunlin, M Felsen, UR Fitzpatrick, L Telzak, EE El-Sadr, W Branson, BM AF Schackman, Bruce R. Eggman, Ashley A. Leff, Jared A. Braunlin, Megan Felsen, Uriel R. Fitzpatrick, Lisa Telzak, Edward E. El-Sadr, Wafaa Branson, Bernard M. TI Costs of Expanded Rapid HIV Testing in Four Emergency Departments SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-CARE SETTINGS AB Objective. The HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) 065 trial sought to expand HIV screening of emergency department (ED) patients in Bronx, New York, and Washington, D.C. This study assessed the testing costs associated with different expansion processes and compared them with costs of a hypothetical optimized process. Methods. Micro-costing studies were conducted in two participating EDs in each city that switched from point-of-care (POC) to rapid-result laboratory testing. In three EDs, laboratory HIV testing was only conducted for patients having blood drawn for clinical reasons; in the other ED, all HIV testing was conducted with laboratory testing. Costs were estimated through direct observation and interviews to document process flows, time estimates, and labor and materials costs. A hypothetical optimized process flow used minimum time estimates for each process step. National wage and fringe rates and local reagent costs were used to determine the average cost (excluding overhead) per completed nonreactive and reactive test in 2013 U.S. dollars. Results. Laboratory HIV testing costs in the EDs ranged from $17.00 to $23.83 per completed nonreactive test, and POC testing costs ranged from $17.64 to $37.60; cost per completed reactive test ranged from $89.29 to $123.17. Costs of hypothetical optimized HIV testing with automated process steps were approximately 45% lower for nonreactive tests and 20% lower for reactive tests. The cost per ED visit to conduct expanded HIV testing in each hospital ranged from $1.21 to $3.96. Conclusion. An optimized process could achieve additional cost savings but would require an investment in electronic system interfaces to further automate testing processes. C1 [Schackman, Bruce R.; Eggman, Ashley A.; Leff, Jared A.; Braunlin, Megan] Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Healthcare Policy & Res, 425 E 61st St,Ste 301, New York, NY 10065 USA. [Felsen, Uriel R.] Montefiore Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, 111 E 210th St, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Fitzpatrick, Lisa] United Med Ctr, Care Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Telzak, Edward E.] Bronx Lebanon Hosp Ctr, Bronx, NY 10456 USA. [El-Sadr, Wafaa] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Int Ctr AIDS Care & Treatment Programs, New York, NY USA. [Branson, Bernard M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Schackman, BR (reprint author), Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Healthcare Policy & Res, 425 E 61st St,Ste 301, New York, NY 10065 USA. EM brs2006@med.cornell.edu FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID); National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) [UM1 AI068619, UM1 AI068617]; National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX HPTN 065 is sponsored by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID); the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) (cooperative agreements #UM1 AI068619 and #UM1 AI068617); the National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention; and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The contents of this article are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of NIAID, NIMH, the National Institutes of Health, or CDC. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 131 SU 1 BP 71 EP 81 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DG9HF UT WOS:000372392700009 PM 26862232 ER PT J AU Puckett, M Neri, A Rohan, E Clerkin, C Underwood, JM Ryerson, AB Stewart, SL AF Puckett, Mary Neri, Antonio Rohan, Elizabeth Clerkin, Castine Underwood, J. Michael Ryerson, A. Blythe Stewart, Sherri L. TI Evaluating Early Case Capture of Pediatric Cancers in Seven Central Cancer Registries in the United States, 2013 SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID LONG-TERM SURVIVORS; CHILDHOOD-CANCER; BREAST-CANCER; NATIONAL PROGRAM; 5-YEAR SURVIVORS; LATE MORTALITY; OUTCOMES; CARE AB Objective. Cancer is the second-leading cause of death in children, but incidence data are not available until two years after diagnosis, thereby delaying data dissemination and research. An early case capture (ECC) surveillance program was piloted in seven state cancer registries to register pediatric cancer cases within 30 days of diagnosis. We sought to determine the quality of ECC data and understand pilot implementation. Methods. We used quantitative and qualitative methods to evaluate ECC. We assessed data quality by comparing demographic and clinical characteristics from the initial ECC submission to a resubmission of ECC pilot data and to the most recent year of routinely collected cancer data for each state individually and in aggregate. We conducted telephone focus groups with registry staff to determine ECC practices and difficulties in August and September 2013. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and coded to identify themes. Results. Comparing ECC initial submissions with submissions for all states, ECC data were nationally representative for age (9.7 vs. 9.9 years) and sex (673 of 1,324 [50.9%] vs. 42,609 of 80,547 [52.9%] male cases), but not for primary site (472 of 1,324 [35.7%] vs. 27,547 of 80,547 [34.2%] leukemia/lymphoma cases), behavior (1,219 of 1,324 [92.1%] vs. 71,525 of 80,547 [88.8%] malignant cases), race/ethnicity (781 of 1,324 [59.0%] vs. 64,518 of 80,547 [80.1%] white cases), or diagnostic confirmation (1,233 of 1,324 [93.2%] vs. 73,217 of 80,547 [90.9%] microscopically confirmed cases). When comparing initial ECC data with resubmission data, differences were seen in race/ethnicity (808 of 1,324 [61.1%] vs. 1,425 of 1,921 [74.2%] white cases), primary site (475 of 1,324 [35.9%] vs. 670 of 1,921 [34.9%] leukemia/lymphoma cases), and behavior (1,215 of 1,324 [91.8%] vs. 1,717 of 1,921 [89.4%] malignant cases). Common themes from focus group analysis included implementation challenges and facilitators, benefits of ECC, and utility of ECC data. Conclusions. ECC provided data rapidly and reflected national data overall with differences in several data elements. ECC also expanded cancer reporting infrastructure and increased data completeness and timeliness. Although challenges related to timeliness and increased work burden remain, indications suggest that researchers may reliably use these data for pediatric cancer studies. C1 [Puckett, Mary] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F-76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Puckett, Mary; Neri, Antonio; Rohan, Elizabeth; Clerkin, Castine; Underwood, J. Michael; Ryerson, A. Blythe; Stewart, Sherri L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Puckett, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F-76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mpuckett1@cdc.gov NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 131 IS 1 BP 126 EP 136 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DG9HD UT WOS:000372392500019 PM 26843678 ER PT J AU Tan, C Van Handel, M Johnson, C Dietz, P AF Tan, Cheryl Van Handel, Michelle Johnson, Christopher Dietz, Patricia TI HIV Testing in Publicly Funded Settings, National Health Interview Survey, 2003-2010 SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Editorial Material ID UNITED-STATES; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; PREVENTION; ADOLESCENTS; BEHAVIOR; CARE AB Objective. We determined whether or not HIV testing in publicly funded settings in the United States increased after 2006, when CDC recommended expanded HIV screening in health-care settings for all people aged 13-64 years. Methods. We analyzed 2003-2010 National Health Interview Survey data to estimate annual national percentages of people aged 18-64 years who were tested for HIV in the previous 12 months. Estimates were calculated by setting (publicly funded, yes/other) and stratified by sex. Test settings were categorized as publicly funded based on the contribution of public funds for HIV testing. We used logistic regression modeling to assess statistical significance in linear trends for 2003-2006 and 2006-2010, adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, and health insurance coverage. Using model parameters for survey year, we calculated the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) in HIV testing as the difference in the model-predicted testing prevalence between baseline and first post-baseline years, divided by baseline prevalence. Results. During 2006-2010, the percentage of women tested for HIV in publicly funded settings increased significantly from 1.9% in 2006 to 2.4% in 2010 (EAPC=6.9%, p=0.008) and the percentage tested in other settings remained fairly stable, from 9.7% in 2006 to 9.6% in 2010 (EAPC=-0.5%, p=0.708). During the same period, the percentage of men tested for HIV in publicly funded settings increased, but not significantly, from 1.5% in 2006 to 1.9% in 2010 (EAPC=5.3%, p=0.110) and the percentage tested in other settings decreased significantly from 7.5% in 2006 to 6.2% in 2010 (EAPC=-4.4%, p=0.001). Conclusion. Although HIV testing in publicly funded settings increased among women during 2006-2010, testing rates remained low, and no similar increase occurred among men. As such, all test settings should increase HIV screening, particularly for men. C1 [Tan, Cheryl; Van Handel, Michelle; Johnson, Christopher; Dietz, Patricia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Program Evaluat Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Van Handel, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Program Evaluat Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-59, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ioq4@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 131 IS 1 BP 137 EP 144 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DG9HD UT WOS:000372392500020 PM 26843679 ER PT J AU Jia, HM Zack, MM Thompson, WW AF Jia, Haomiao Zack, Matthew M. Thompson, William W. TI Population-Based Estimates of Decreases in Quality-Adjusted Life Expectancy Associated with Unhealthy Body Mass Index SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; HEALTHY DAYS; OBESITY; US; OVERWEIGHT; SMOKING; WEIGHT; BMI; METAANALYSIS AB Objective. Being classified as outside the normal range for body mass index (BMI) has been associated with increased risk for chronic health conditions, poor health-related quality of life (HRQOL), and premature death. To assess the impact of BMI on HRQOL and mortality, we compared quality-adjusted life expectancy (QALE) by BMI levels. Methods. We obtained HRQOL data from the 1993-2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and life table estimates from the National Center for Health Statistics national mortality files to estimate QALE among U.S. adults by BMI categories: underweight (BMI <18.5 kg/m(2)), normal weight (BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m(2)), overweight (BMI 25.0-29.9 kg/m(2)), obese (BMI 30.0-34.9 kg/m(2)), and severely obese (BMI 35.0 kg/m(2)). Results. In 2010 in the United States, the highest estimated QALE for adults at 18 years of age was 54.1 years for individuals classified as normal weight. The two lowest QALE estimates were for those classified as either underweight (48.9 years) or severely obese (48.2 years). For individuals who were overweight or obese, the QALE estimates fell between those classified as either normal weight (54.1 years) or severely obese (48.2 years). The difference in QALE between adults classified as normal weight and those classified as either overweight or obese was significantly higher among women than among men, irrespective of race/ethnicity. Conclusions. Using population-based data, we found significant differences in QALE loss by BMI category. These findings are valuable for setting national and state targets to reduce health risks associated with severe obesity, and could be used for cost-effectiveness evaluations of weight-reduction interventions. C1 [Jia, Haomiao] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY USA. [Jia, Haomiao] Columbia Univ, Sch Nursing, Dept Biostat, New York, NY USA. [Zack, Matthew M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Populat Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Thompson, William W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Thompson, WW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-E86,Room 4113, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM wct2@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [200-2011-M-41977] FX Financial support for this study was provided in part by a contract with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (#200-2011-M-41977). The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of CDC. NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 131 IS 1 BP 177 EP 184 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DG9HD UT WOS:000372392500025 PM 26843684 ER PT J AU Fisher, HH Hoyte, T Purcell, DW Van Handel, M Williams, W Krueger, A Dietz, P Stratford, D Heitgerd, J Dunbar, E Wan, C Linley, LA Flores, SA AF Fisher, Holly H. Hoyte, Tamika Purcell, David W. Van Handel, Michelle Williams, Weston Krueger, Amy Dietz, Patricia Stratford, Dale Heitgerd, Janet Dunbar, Erica Wan, Choi Linley, Laurie A. Flores, Stephen A. TI Health Department HIV Prevention Programs That Support the National HIV/AIDS Strategy: The Enhanced Comprehensive HIV Prevention Planning Project, 2010-2013 SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID MODELS AB Objective. The Enhanced Comprehensive HIV Prevention Planning project was the first initiative of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to address the goals of the National HIV/AIDS Strategy (NHAS). Health departments in 12 U.S. cities with a high prevalence of AIDS conducted comprehensive program planning and implemented cost-effective, scalable HIV prevention interventions that targeted high-risk populations. We examined trends in health department HIV prevention programs in these cities during the project. Methods. We analyzed the number of people who received partner services, condoms distributed, and people tested for HIV, as well as funding allocations for selected HIV prevention programs by year and by site from October 2010 through September 2013. We assessed trends in the proportional change in services and allocations during the project period using generalized estimating equations. We also conducted thematic coding of program activities that targeted people living with HIV infection (PLWH). Results. We found significant increases in funding allocations for HIV testing and condom distribution. All HIV partner services indicators, condom distribution, and HIV testing of African American and Hispanic/Latino populations significantly increased. HIV tests associated with a new diagnosis increased significantly among those self-identifying as Hispanic/Latino but significantly decreased among African Americans. For programs targeting PLWH, health department activities included implementing new program models, improving local data use, and building local capacity to enhance linkage to HIV medical care, retention in care, and treatment adherence. Conclusions. Overall, these findings indicate that health departments in areas with a high burden of AIDS successfully shifted their HIV prevention resources to scale up important HIV programs and make progress toward NHAS goals. C1 [Fisher, Holly H.; Hoyte, Tamika; Purcell, David W.; Van Handel, Michelle; Krueger, Amy; Dietz, Patricia; Stratford, Dale; Heitgerd, Janet; Dunbar, Erica; Wan, Choi; Linley, Laurie A.; Flores, Stephen A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-59, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Williams, Weston] MANILA Consulting Grp Inc, Mclean, VA USA. RP Fisher, HH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-59, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hfisher@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 4 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 131 IS 1 BP 185 EP 194 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DG9HD UT WOS:000372392500026 PM 26843685 ER PT J AU Obon-Santacana, M Lujan-Barroso, L Travis, RC Freisling, H Ferrari, P Severi, G Baglietto, L Boutron-Ruault, MC Fortner, RT Ose, J Boeing, H Menendez, V Sanchez-Cantalejo, E Chamosa, S Castano, JMH Ardanaz, E Khaw, KT Wareham, N Merritt, MA Gunter, MJ Trichopoulou, A Papatesta, EM Klinaki, E Saieva, C Tagliabue, G Tumino, R Sacerdote, C Mattiello, A Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB Peeters, PH Onland-Moret, NC Idahl, A Lundin, E Weiderpass, E Vesper, HW Riboli, E Duell, EJ AF Obon-Santacana, Mireia Lujan-Barroso, Leila Travis, Ruth C. Freisling, Heinz Ferrari, Pietro Severi, Gianluca Baglietto, Laura Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine Fortner, Renee T. Ose, Jennifer Boeing, Heiner Menendez, Virginia Sanchez-Cantalejo, Emilio Chamosa, Saioa Huerta Castano, Jose Maria Ardanaz, Eva Khaw, Kay-Tee Wareham, Nick Merritt, Melissa A. Gunter, Marc J. Trichopoulou, Antonia Papatesta, Eleni-Maria Klinaki, Eleni Saieva, Calogero Tagliabue, Giovanna Tumino, Rosario Sacerdote, Carlotta Mattiello, Amalia Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B. Peeters, Petra H. Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte Idahl, Annika Lundin, Eva Weiderpass, Elisabete Vesper, Hubert W. Riboli, Elio Duell, Eric J. TI Acrylamide and Glycidamide Hemoglobin Adducts and Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: A Nested Case-Control Study in Nonsmoking Postmenopausal Women from the EPIC Cohort SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID DIETARY ACRYLAMIDE; RISK; NUTRITION; ASSOCIATIONS; ENDOMETRIAL; CARCINOGEN; BREAST AB Background: Acrylamide was classified as "probably carcinogenic to humans (group 2A)" by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the fourth cause of cancer mortality in women. Five epidemiological studies have evaluated the association between EOC risk and dietary acrylamide intake assessed using food frequency questionnaires, and one nested case-control study evaluated hemoglobin adducts of acrylamide (HbAA) and its metabolite glycidamide (HbGA) and EOC risk; the results of these studies were inconsistent. Methods: A nested case-control study in nonsmoking postmenopausal women (334 cases, 417 controls) was conducted within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. Unconditional logistic regression models were used to estimate ORs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between HbAA, HbGA, HbAA+HbGA, and HbGA/HbAA and EOC and invasive serous EOC risk. Results: No overall associations were observed between biomarkers of acrylamide exposure analyzed in quintiles and EOC risk; however, positive associations were observed between some middle quintiles of HbGA and HbAA+HbGA. Elevated but non-statistically significant ORs for serous EOC were observed for HbGA and HbAA+HbGA (ORQ5vsQ1, 1.91; 95% CI, 0.96-3.81 and ORQ5vsQ1, 1.90; 95% CI, 0.94-3.83, respectively); however, no linear dose-response trends were observed. Conclusion: This EPIC nested case-control study failed to observe a clear association between biomarkers of acrylamide exposure and the risk of EOC or invasive serous EOC. Impact: It is unlikely that dietary acrylamide exposure increases ovarian cancer risk; however, additional studies with larger sample size should be performed to exclude any possible association with EOC risk. (C) 2015 AACR. C1 [Obon-Santacana, Mireia; Lujan-Barroso, Leila; Duell, Eric J.] Catalan Inst Oncol ICO IDIBELL, Canc Epidemiol Res Program, Unit Nutr & Canc, Barcelona, Spain. [Travis, Ruth C.] Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Populat Hlth, Canc Epidemiol Unit, Oxford, England. [Freisling, Heinz; Ferrari, Pietro] Int Agcy Res Canc, Dietary Exposure Assessment Grp, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, F-69372 Lyon, France. [Severi, Gianluca] Human Genet Fdn HuGeF, Turin, Italy. [Baglietto, Laura] Canc Council Victoria, Canc Epidemiol Ctr, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Baglietto, Laura] Univ Melbourne, Sch Populat & Global Hlth, Ctr Epidemiol & Biostat, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine] CESP Ctr Res Epidemiol & Populat Hlth, INSERM, U1018, Lifestyle Genes & Hlth Integrat Trans Generat Epi, Villejuif, France. [Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine] Univ Paris 11, UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France. [Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine] Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France. [Fortner, Renee T.; Ose, Jennifer] German Canc Res Ctr, Div Canc Epidemiol, Heidelberg, Germany. [Boeing, Heiner] German Inst Human Nutr, Dept Epidemiol, Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany. [Menendez, Virginia] Publ Hlth Directorate, Asturias, Spain. [Sanchez-Cantalejo, Emilio; Huerta Castano, Jose Maria; Ardanaz, Eva] CIBER Epidemiol & Publ Hlth CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain. [Sanchez-Cantalejo, Emilio] Univ Granada, Hosp Univ Granada, Inst Invest Biosanitaria Ibs GRANADA, Escuela Andaluza Salud Publ, Granada, Spain. [Chamosa, Saioa] Basque Reg Hlth Dept, Publ Hlth Div Gipuzkoa BIODONOSTIA, San Sebastian, Spain. [Huerta Castano, Jose Maria] IMIB Arrixaca, Murcia Reg Hlth Council, Dept Epidemiol, Murcia, Spain. [Ardanaz, Eva] Navarra Publ Hlth Inst, Pamplona, Spain. [Ardanaz, Eva] Navarra Inst Hlth Res, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain. [Khaw, Kay-Tee] Univ Cambridge, Sch Clin Med, Cambridge, England. [Wareham, Nick] Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Populat Hlth, Canc Epidemiol Unit, Oxford, England. [Merritt, Melissa A.; Gunter, Marc J.; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B.; Peeters, Petra H.; Riboli, Elio] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, London, England. [Trichopoulou, Antonia; Papatesta, Eleni-Maria; Klinaki, Eleni] Hellen Hlth Fdn, Athens, Greece. [Trichopoulou, Antonia] Univ Athens, WHO Collaborating Ctr Nutr & Hlth, Unit Nutr Epidemiol & Nutr Publ Hlth, Dept Hyg Epidemiol & Med Stat,Med Sch, GR-10679 Athens, Greece. [Saieva, Calogero] Canc Res & Prevent Inst ISPO, Mol & Nutr Epidemiol Unit, Florence, Italy. [Tagliabue, Giovanna] Fdn IRCCS Ist Nazl Tumori, Lombardy Canc Registry Unit, Milan, Italy. [Tumino, Rosario] ASP Ragusa, Civ MP Arezzo Hosp, Canc Registry & Histopathol Unit, Rome, Italy. [Sacerdote, Carlotta] Univ Turin, Citta Salute & Sci Hosp, Canc Epidemiol Unit, Turin, Italy. [Sacerdote, Carlotta] Ctr Canc Prevent CPO, Turin, Italy. [Mattiello, Amalia] Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Med Clin & Chirurg, Naples, Italy. [Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B.] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm RIVM, Dept Determinants Chron Dis DCD, Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B.] Univ Med Ctr, Dept Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B.] Univ Malaya, Fac Med, Dept Social & Prevent Med, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. [Peeters, Petra H.] Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Julius Ctr Hlth Sci & Primary Care, Dept Epidemiol, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte] Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Julius Ctr Hlth Sci & Primary Care, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Idahl, Annika] Umea Univ, Dept Clin Sci Obstet & Gynecol, Nutr Res, Umea, Sweden. [Idahl, Annika] Umea Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Clin Med, Nutr Res, Umea, Sweden. [Lundin, Eva] Umea Univ, Dept Med Biosci, Pathol, Umea, Sweden. [Weiderpass, Elisabete] Univ Tromso, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Community Med, Tromso, Norway. [Weiderpass, Elisabete] Canc Registry Norway, Dept Res, Oslo, Norway. [Weiderpass, Elisabete] Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Epidemiol & Biostat, Stockholm, Sweden. [Weiderpass, Elisabete] Folkhalsan Res Ctr, Genet Epidemiol Grp, Helsinki, Finland. [Vesper, Hubert W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Duell, EJ (reprint author), Catalan Inst Oncol ICO IDIBELL, Canc Epidemiol Res Program, Unit Nutr & Canc, Barcelona, Spain. EM eduell@iconcologia.net RI Mattiello, Amalia/K-5112-2016; Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte/G-9185-2011; Weiderpass, Elisabete/M-4029-2016; Tagliabue, Giovanna /D-4194-2017; OI Mattiello, Amalia/0000-0003-3676-7353; Weiderpass, Elisabete/0000-0003-2237-0128; Tagliabue, Giovanna /0000-0001-8165-5524; Lujan-Barroso, Leila/0000-0001-6224-1764; saieva, calogero/0000-0002-0117-1608; Sacerdote, Carlotta/0000-0002-8008-5096; Fortner, Renee/0000-0002-1426-8505 FU Wereld Kanker Onderzoek Fonds (WCRF NL) [WCRF 2011/442]; Health Research Fund (FIS) of the Spanish Ministry of Health [Exp PI11/01473]; European Commission (DG-SANCO); International Agency for Research on Cancer; Health Research Fund (FIS) of the Spanish Ministry of Health; Regional Government of Andalucia; Regional Government of Asturias; Regional Government of Basque Country; Regional Government of Murcia [6236]; Regional Government of Navarra; Catalan Institute of Oncology; La Caixa [BM 06-130]; Red Tematica de Investigacion Cooperativa en Cancer (Spain) [RD12/0036/0018, RD06/0020/0091]; Danish Cancer Society (Denmark); Ligue contre le Cancer; Institut Gustave Roussy; Mutuelle Generale de l'Education Nationale; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM) (France); Deutsche Krebshilfe; Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ); Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany); Hellenic Health Foundation (Greece); Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro (AIRC); National Research Council (Italy); Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare, and Sports; Netherlands Cancer Registry; LK Research Funds; Dutch Prevention Funds; Dutch ZON (Zorg Onderzoek Nederland); World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF); Statistics Netherlands (The Netherlands); Nordic Center of Excellence in Food, Nutrition, and Health-Helga (Norway); Swedish Cancer Society; Swedish Scientific Council; Regional Government of Vasterbotten (Sweden); Cancer Research UK [C570/A16491, 14136]; Medical Research Council [G1000143, MC_UU_12015/1]; Regional Government of Skane (Sweden) FX This work was supported by the Wereld Kanker Onderzoek Fonds (WCRF NL; grant WCRF 2011/442) and by the Health Research Fund (FIS) of the Spanish Ministry of Health (Exp PI11/01473). The coordination of EPIC is financially supported by the European Commission (DG-SANCO) and the International Agency for Research on Cancer. The national cohorts are supported by the Health Research Fund (FIS) of the Spanish Ministry of Health, Regional Governments of Andalucia, Asturias, Basque Country, Murcia (no. 6236), Navarra and the Catalan Institute of Oncology, La Caixa (BM 06-130), Red Tematica de Investigacion Cooperativa en Cancer (RD12/0036/0018; RD06/0020/0091; Spain); Danish Cancer Society (Denmark); Ligue contre le Cancer, Institut Gustave Roussy, Mutuelle Generale de l'Education Nationale, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (INSERM) (France); Deutsche Krebshilfe, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ) and Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany); the Hellenic Health Foundation (Greece); Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro (AIRC) and National Research Council (Italy); Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare, and Sports (VWS), Netherlands Cancer Registry (NKR), LK Research Funds, Dutch Prevention Funds, Dutch ZON (Zorg Onderzoek Nederland), World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) and Statistics Netherlands (The Netherlands); Nordic Center of Excellence in Food, Nutrition, and Health-Helga (Norway); Swedish Cancer Society, Swedish Scientific Council and Regional Government of Skane and Vasterbotten (Sweden); Cancer Research UK (grant C570/A16491, R.C. Travis; grant 14136, K.T. Khaw, N.J. Wareham; United Kingdom); Medical Research Council (grant G1000143, K.T. Khaw, N.J. Wareham; grant MC_UU_12015/1, N.J. Wareham; United Kingdom). M. Obon-Santacana is affiliated with the University of Barcelona. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1055-9965 EI 1538-7755 J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 25 IS 1 BP 127 EP 134 DI 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-15-0822 PG 8 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DG6DC UT WOS:000372171400016 PM 26598536 ER PT J AU Buehler, SS Madison, B Snyder, SR Derzon, JH Cornish, NE Saubolle, MA Weissfeld, AS Weinstein, MP Liebow, EB Wolk, DM AF Buehler, Stephanie S. Madison, Bereneice Snyder, Susan R. Derzon, James H. Cornish, Nancy E. Saubolle, Michael A. Weissfeld, Alice S. Weinstein, Melvin P. Liebow, Edward B. Wolk, Donna M. TI Effectiveness of Practices To Increase Timeliness of Providing Targeted Therapy for Inpatients with Bloodstream Infections: a Laboratory Medicine Best Practices Systematic Review and Meta-analysis SO CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; LENGTH-OF-STAY; FLIGHT MASS-SPECTROMETRY; EFFECTIVE ANTIMICROBIAL THERAPY; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; RAPID IDENTIFICATION; CLINICAL IMPACT; PCR ASSAY; CANDIDA-ALBICANS AB Background. Bloodstream infection (BSI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Rapid identification of bloodstream pathogens is a laboratory practice that supports strategies for rapid transition to direct targeted therapy by providing for timely and effective patient care. In fact, the more rapidly that appropriate antimicrobials are prescribed, the lower the mortality for patients with sepsis. Rapid identification methods may have multiple positive impacts on patient outcomes, including reductions in mortality, morbidity, hospital lengths of stay, and antibiotic use. In addition, the strategy can reduce the cost of care for patients with BSIs. Objectives. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the evidence for the effectiveness of three rapid diagnostic practices in decreasing the time to targeted therapy for hospitalized patients with BSIs. The review was performed by applying the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC's) Laboratory Medicine Best Practices Initiative (LMBP) systematic review methods for quality improvement (QI) practices and translating the results into evidence-based guidance (R. H. Christenson et al., Clin Chem 57: 816-825, 2011, http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2010.157131). Search strategy. A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify studies with measurable outcomes. A search of three electronic bibliographic databases (PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL), databases containing "gray" literature (unpublished academic, government, or industry evidence not governed by commercial publishing) (CIHI, NIHR, SIGN, and other databases), and the Cochrane database for English-language articles published between 1990 and 2011 was conducted in July 2011. Dates of search. The dates of our search were from 1990 to July 2011. Selection criteria. Animal studies and non-English publications were excluded. The search contained the following medical subject headings: bacteremia; bloodstream infection; time factors; health care costs; length of stay; morbidity; mortality; antimicrobial therapy; rapid molecular techniques, polymerase chain reaction (PCR); in situ hybridization, fluorescence; treatment outcome; drug therapy; patient care team; pharmacy service, hospital; hospital information systems; Gram stain; pharmacy service; and spectrometry, mass, matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization. Phenotypic as well as the following key words were searched: targeted therapy; rapid identification; rapid; Gram positive; Gram negative; reduce(ed); cost(s); pneumoslide; PBP2; tube coagulase; matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight; MALDI TOF; blood culture; EMR; electronic reporting; call to provider; collaboration; pharmacy; laboratory; bacteria; yeast; ICU; and others. In addition to the electronic search being performed, a request for unpublished quality improvement data was made to the clinical laboratory community. Main results. Rapid molecular testing with direct communication significantly improves timeliness compared to standard testing. Rapid phenotypic techniques with direct communication likely improve the timeliness of targeted therapy. Studies show a significant and homogeneous reduction in mortality associated with rapid molecular testing combined with direct communication. Authors' conclusions. No recommendation is made for or against the use of the three assessed practices of this review due to insufficient evidence. The overall strength of evidence is suggestive; the data suggest that each of these three practices has the potential to improve the time required to initiate targeted therapy and possibly improve other patient outcomes, such as mortality. The meta-analysis results suggest that the implementation of any of the three practices may be more effective at increasing timeliness to targeted therapy than routine microbiology techniques for identification of the microorganisms causing BSIs. Based on the included studies, results for all three practices appear applicable across multiple microorganisms, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA), Candida species, and Enterococcus species. C1 [Buehler, Stephanie S.; Madison, Bereneice; Snyder, Susan R.; Derzon, James H.; Liebow, Edward B.] Battelle Ctr Analyt & Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cornish, Nancy E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CSELS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Saubolle, Michael A.] Banner Hlth, Banner Good Samaritan Med Ctr, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Saubolle, Michael A.] Univ Arizona, Coll Med, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Saubolle, Michael A.] Univ Arizona, Coll Med, Tucson, AZ USA. [Weissfeld, Alice S.] Microbiol Specialists Inc, Houston, TX USA. [Weinstein, Melvin P.] Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, New Brunswick, NJ USA. [Wolk, Donna M.] Geisinger Hlth Syst, Danville, PA USA. RP Cornish, NE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CSELS, Atlanta, GA USA. EM NCornish@cdc.gov OI Liebow, Edward/0000-0002-1101-629X FU CDC [W911NF-07-D-001/DO 0191/TCN 07235] FX This work was funded by contract W911NF-07-D-001/DO 0191/TCN 07235 from the CDC. NR 79 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 9 U2 22 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0893-8512 EI 1098-6618 J9 CLIN MICROBIOL REV JI Clin. Microbiol. Rev. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 29 IS 1 BP 59 EP 103 DI 10.1128/CMR.00053-14 PG 45 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DG7GB UT WOS:000372251700003 PM 26598385 ER PT J AU LaRocco, MT Franek, J Leibach, EK Weissfeld, AS Kraft, CS Sautter, RL Baselski, V Rodahl, D Peterson, EJ Cornish, NE AF LaRocco, Mark T. Franek, Jacob Leibach, Elizabeth K. Weissfeld, Alice S. Kraft, Colleen S. Sautter, Robert L. Baselski, Vickie Rodahl, Debra Peterson, Edward J. Cornish, Nancy E. TI Effectiveness of Preanalytic Practices on Contamination and Diagnostic Accuracy of Urine Cultures: a Laboratory Medicine Best Practices Systematic Review and Meta-analysis SO CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID INFECTIOUS-DISEASES-SOCIETY; CLINICAL-PRACTICE GUIDELINES; PATHOLOGISTS Q-PROBES; TRACT-INFECTIONS; CLEAN-CATCH; SUPRAPUBIC ASPIRATION; AMBULATORY WOMEN; EARLY-CHILDHOOD; COLLECTION; BACTERIURIA AB Background. Urinary tract infection (UTI) in the United States is the most common bacterial infection, and urine cultures often make up the largest portion of workload for a hospital-based microbiology laboratory. Appropriately managing the factors affecting the preanalytic phase of urine culture contributes significantly to the generation of meaningful culture results that ultimately affect patient diagnosis and management. Urine culture contamination can be reduced with proper techniques for urine collection, preservation, storage, and transport, the major factors affecting the preanalytic phase of urine culture. Objectives. The purposes of this review were to identify and evaluate preanalytic practices associated with urine specimens and to assess their impact on the accuracy of urine culture microbiology. Specific practices included collection methods for men, women, and children; preservation of urine samples in boric acid solutions; and the effect of refrigeration on stored urine. Practice efficacy and effectiveness were measured by two parameters: reduction of urine culture contamination and increased accuracy of patient diagnosis. The CDC Laboratory Medicine Best Practices (LMBP) initiative's systematic review method for assessment of quality improvement (QI) practices was employed. Results were then translated into evidence-based practice guidelines. Search strategy. A search of three electronic bibliographic databases (PubMed, SCOPUS, and CINAHL), as well as hand searching of bibliographies from relevant information sources, for English-language articles published between 1965 and 2014 was conducted. Selection criteria. The search contained the following medical subject headings and key text words: urinary tract infections, UTI, urine/analysis, urine/microbiology, urinalysis, specimen handling, preservation, biological, preservation, boric acid, boric acid/borate, refrigeration, storage, time factors, transportation, transport time, time delay, time factor, timing, urine specimen collection, catheters, indwelling, urinary reservoirs, continent, urinary catheterization, intermittent urethral catheterization, clean voided, midstream, Foley, suprapubic, bacteriological techniques, and microbiological techniques. Main results. Both boric acid and refrigeration adequately preserved urine specimens prior to their processing for up to 24 h. Urine held at room temperature for more than 4 h showed overgrowth of both clinically significant and contaminating microorganisms. The overall strength of this body of evidence, however, was rated as low. For urine specimens collected from women, there was no difference in rates of contamination for midstream urine specimens collected with or without cleansing. The overall strength of this evidence was rated as high. The levels of diagnostic accuracy of midstream urine collection with or without cleansing were similar, although the overall strength of this evidence was rated as low. For urine specimens collected from men, there was a reduction in contamination in favor of midstream clean-catch over first-void specimen collection. The strength of this evidence was rated as high. Only one study compared midstream collection with cleansing to midstream collection without cleansing. Results showed no difference in contamination between the two methods of collection. However, imprecision was due largely to the small event size. The diagnostic accuracy of midstream urine collection from men compared to straight catheterization or suprapubic aspiration was high. However, the overall strength of this body of evidence was rated as low. For urine specimens collected from children and infants, the evidence comparing contamination rates for midstream urine collection with cleansing, midstream collection without cleansing, sterile urine bag collection, and diaper collection pointed to larger reductions in the odds of contamination in favor of midstream collection with cleansing over the other methods of collection. This body of evidence was rated as high. The accuracy of diagnosis of urinary tract infection from midstream clean-catch urine specimens, sterile urine bag specimens, or diaper specimens compared to straight catheterization or suprapubic aspiration was varied. Authors' conclusions. No recommendation for or against is made for delayed processing of urine stored at room temperature, refrigerated, or preserved in boric acid. This does not preclude the use of refrigeration or chemical preservatives in clinical practice. It does indicate, however, that more systematic studies evaluating the utility of these measures are needed. If noninvasive collection is being considered for women, midstream collection with cleansing is recommended, but no recommendation for or against is made for midstream collection without cleansing. If noninvasive collection is being considered for men, midstream collection with cleansing is recommended and collection of first-void urine is not recommended. No recommendation for or against is made for collection of midstream urine without cleansing. If noninvasive collection is being considered for children, midstream collection with cleansing is recommended and collection in sterile urine bags, from diapers, or midstream without cleansing is not recommended. Whether midstream collection with cleansing can be routinely used in place of catheterization or suprapubic aspiration is unclear. The data suggest that midstream collection with cleansing is accurate for the diagnosis of urinary tract infections in infants and children and has higher average accuracy than sterile urine bag collection ( data for diaper collection were lacking); however, the overall strength of evidence was low, as multivariate modeling could not be performed, and thus no recommendation for or against can be made. C1 [LaRocco, Mark T.] MTL Consulting, Erie, PA USA. [Franek, Jacob] Kaiser Permanente, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Leibach, Elizabeth K.; Cornish, Nancy E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Weissfeld, Alice S.] Microbiol Specialists Inc, Houston, TX USA. [Kraft, Colleen S.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Sautter, Robert L.] Carolinas Med Ctr, Carolinas Pathol Grp, Charlotte, NC 28203 USA. [Baselski, Vickie] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Hlth Sci, Memphis, TN 38163 USA. [Rodahl, Debra] HealthEast Care Syst, St Paul, MN USA. [Peterson, Edward J.] Barnes Jewish Hosp, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. RP LaRocco, MT (reprint author), MTL Consulting, Erie, PA USA. EM m.larocco@hotmail.com FU American Society for Microbiology; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Division of Laboratory Programs; Standards, and Services through a Laboratory Medicine Best Practices Program Memorandum of Understanding FX This work was sponsored by the American Society for Microbiology in collaboration with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Division of Laboratory Programs, Standards, and Services through a Laboratory Medicine Best Practices Program Memorandum of Understanding. NR 69 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 7 U2 16 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0893-8512 EI 1098-6618 J9 CLIN MICROBIOL REV JI Clin. Microbiol. Rev. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 29 IS 1 BP 105 EP 147 DI 10.1128/CMR.00030-15 PG 43 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DG7GB UT WOS:000372251700004 PM 26598386 ER PT J AU Ferrari, CKB Percario, S Silva, JCCB Torres, EAFD AF Bucalen Ferrari, Carlos Kusano Percario, Sandro Costa Baptista Silva, Jose Carlos Ferraz da Silva Torres, Elizabeth Aparecida TI An Apple Plus a Brazil Nut a Day Keeps the Doctors Away: Antioxidant Capacity of Foods and their Health Benefits SO CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL DESIGN LA English DT Article DE Antioxidant capacity; cardiovascular diseases; cerebrovascular diseases; cancer ID GUARANA PAULLINIA-CUPANA; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; IN-VITRO; COFFEE CONSUMPTION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; FUNCTIONAL FOODS; VAR.-SORBILIS; GRAPE JUICES; VITAMIN-C; RED WINE AB Antioxidant-rich foods scavenge free radicals and other reactive species, decreasing the risk of different non-communicable chronic diseases. The objective of this study was to review the content of total antioxidant capacity of commonly foods comparing with experimental data and to explore the health benefits due to foods with moderate to high TAC. The TAC was analytically measured using the "Total Antioxidant Capacity" (NX2332) test from Randox (R) (UK) by spectrometry at 600 nm. Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa), "guarana" (Paullinia cupana Kunth) powder, ready to drink boiled coffee (Coffea arabica L.), and milk chocolate (made from seeds of Theobroma cacao) had the highest TAC values, followed by collard greens (Brassica oleracea L.), beets (Beta vulgaris L.), apples (Malus domestica Borkh.), bananas (Musa paradisiaca), common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris), oranges (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck), onions (Allium cepa L.), and lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Other foods also showed antioxidant capacity. The binomial antioxidant capacity of foods and health was extensively discussed according to science literature. Based on the high TAC content of Brazil nuts, guarana, coffee, chocolate, collard greens, apples, beets, beans, oranges, onions and other foods, their regular dietary intake is strongly recommended to reduce the risk of chronic non-communicable diseases. C1 [Bucalen Ferrari, Carlos Kusano; Ferraz da Silva Torres, Elizabeth Aparecida] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Percario, Sandro] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bucalen Ferrari, Carlos Kusano] Fed Univ Latin Amer Integrat UNILA, Latin Amer Inst Life & Nat Sci ILACVN, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Percario, Sandro] Fed Univ Para UFPA, Inst Biol Sci LAPEO ICB, Oxidat Stress Res Lab, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Costa Baptista Silva, Jose Carlos] Univ Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, Paulista Sch Med, Dept Surg, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, Brazil. RP Torres, EAFD (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM eatorres@usp.br NR 118 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 13 U2 26 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI SHARJAH PA EXECUTIVE STE Y-2, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES SN 1381-6128 EI 1873-4286 J9 CURR PHARM DESIGN JI Curr. Pharm. Design PY 2016 VL 22 IS 2 BP 189 EP 195 DI 10.2174/1381612822666151117122715 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA DG4VE UT WOS:000372070400009 PM 26572874 ER PT J AU Cavallo, DN Sisneros, JA Ronay, AA Robbins, CL Pitts, SBJ Keyserling, TC Ni, A Morrow, J Vu, MB Johnston, LF Samuel-Hodge, CD AF Cavallo, David N. Sisneros, Jessica A. Ronay, Ashley A. Robbins, Cheryl L. Pitts, Stephanie B. Jilcott Keyserling, Thomas C. Ni, Ai Morrow, John Vu, Maihan B. Johnston, Larry F. Samuel-Hodge, Carmen D. TI Assessing the Feasibility of a Web-Based Weight Loss Intervention for Low-Income Women of Reproductive Age: A Pilot Study SO JMIR RESEARCH PROTOCOLS LA English DT Article DE Obesity; Nutrition; Physical Activity; Minority Health; Healthcare Disparities; Intervention Studies; Internet; women; weight loss; mhealth ID PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; PROGRAM; OVERWEIGHT; OBESITY; ADULTS AB Background: Low-income women of reproductive age are at increased risk for obesity and resulting increases in the risk of maternal/fetal complications and mortality and morbidity. Very few weight-loss interventions, however, have been targeted to this high-risk group. Based on the high prevalence of social media use among young and low-income individuals and previous successes using group formats for weight-loss interventions, the use of social media as a platform for weight-loss intervention delivery may benefit low-income women of reproductive age. Objective: Examine the feasibility of delivering group-based weight-loss interventions to low-income women of reproductive age using face-to-face meetings and Web-based modalities including social media. Methods: Participants attended a family planning clinic in eastern North Carolina and received a 5-month, group-and Web-based, face-to-face weight-loss intervention. Measures were assessed at baseline and 20 weeks. Results: Forty participants enrolled, including 29 (73%) African American women. The mean body mass index of enrollees was 39 kg/m(2). Among the 12 women who completed follow-up, mean weight change was -1.3 kg. Participation in the intervention was modest and retention at 5 months was 30%. Returnees suggested sending reminders to improve participation and adding activities to increase familiarity among participants. Conclusions: Engagement with the intervention was limited and attrition was high. Additional formative work on the barriers and facilitators to participation may improve the intervention's feasibility with low-income women of reproductive age. C1 [Cavallo, David N.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Nutr, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Sisneros, Jessica A.; Vu, Maihan B.; Johnston, Larry F.] UNC Ctr Hlth Promot & Dis Prevent, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Ronay, Ashley A.] E Carolina Univ, Brody Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth, Greenville, NC USA. [Robbins, Cheryl L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pitts, Stephanie B. Jilcott] E Carolina Univ, Brody Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth, Greenville, NC USA. [Keyserling, Thomas C.] UNC Sch Med, Dept Med, UNC Ctr Hlth Promot & Dis Prevent, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Ni, Ai] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biostat, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Morrow, John] Pitt Cty Hlth Dept, Greenville, NC USA. [Samuel-Hodge, Carmen D.] UNC Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, UNC Ctr Hlth Promot & Dis Prevent, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Samuel-Hodge, Carmen D.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Cavallo, DN (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Nutr, Sch Med, WG48,10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. EM david.cavallo@case.edu FU NCCDPHP CDC HHS [U48 DP001944] NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU JMIR PUBLICATIONS, INC PI TORONTO PA 59 WINNERS CIRCLE, TORONTO, ON M4L 3Y7, CANADA SN 1929-0748 J9 JMIR RES PROTOC JI JMIR RES. Protoc. PD JAN-MAR PY 2016 VL 5 IS 1 AR e30 DI 10.2196/resprot.4865 PG 10 WC Health Care Sciences & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA DG3WC UT WOS:000372000200029 PM 26920252 ER PT J AU Schumacher, L Snellgrove, A Levin, ML AF Schumacher, Lauren Snellgrove, Alyssa Levin, Michael L. TI Effect of Rickettsia rickettsii (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae) Infection on the Biological Parameters and Survival of Its Tick Vector-Dermacentor variabilis (Acari: Ixodidae) SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Rickettsia; Rickettsia rickettsii; Rocky Mountain spotted fever; Dermacentor variabilis; Dermacentor ID MOUNTAIN-SPOTTED-FEVER; RHIPICEPHALUS-SANGUINEUS; ANDERSONI; CONORII; DOGS AB Rocky Mountain spotted fever, caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, is a potentially fatal tick-borne disease spread from North America to Argentina. The major vectors of R. rickettsii in the United States are Dermacentor andersoni Stiles and Dermacentor variabilis (Say). It is generally believed that vector ticks serve as major reservoirs of R. rickettsii in nature; however, the ability of ticks to support the indefinite perpetuation of R. rickettsii has been challenged by reports of deleterious effects of rickettsial infection on D. andersoni. To better elucidate the relationship of the pathogen with D. variabilis, we assessed the effects of R. rickettsii on the survival, fertility, and fecundity of D. variabilis. We used an isolate of R. rickettsii (Di-6), originally acquired from an opossum caught in Virginia, and ticks from a laboratory colony established from adult D. variabilis also collected in Virginia. Overall, infection with R. rickettsii protracted the feeding periods of all life stages of ticks. Infected nymphal and adult ticks experienced a slight decrease in feeding success compared with the uninfected colony, but neither larval nor nymphal molting success was affected. Infected females reached smaller engorgement weights, were less efficient in conversion of bloodmeal into eggs, and produced smaller egg clutches with a lower proportion of eggs hatching. However, no sudden die-off was observed among infected ticks, and longevity was not decreased due to R. rickettsii infection in any stage. Although infection with the studied isolate of R. rickettsii caused slight decrease in fecundity in sympatric vector ticks, no obvious deleterious effects were observed. C1 [Schumacher, Lauren; Snellgrove, Alyssa; Levin, Michael L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Levin, ML (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM LMcColleySchumacher@cdc.gov; ASnellgrove@cdc.gov; MLevin@cdc.gov FU CDC Foundation; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) FX We would like to express our appreciation to Lindsay Killmaster and Galina Zemtsova for their help and support, and also to Scott Dahlgren for his insight on statistical analysis. Lauren Schumacher is supported by the CDC Foundation and Alyssa Snellgrove is supported by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE). NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 10 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-2585 EI 1938-2928 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 53 IS 1 BP 172 EP 176 DI 10.1093/jme/tjv166 PG 5 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA DG2OU UT WOS:000371907700021 PM 26494822 ER PT J AU Fernandez-Gonzalez, AM Kosoy, MY Rubio, AV Graham, CB Montenieri, JA Osikowicz, LM Bai, Y Acosta-Gutierrez, R Avila-Flores, R Gage, KL Suzan, G AF Fernandez-Gonzalez, Adriana M. Kosoy, Michael Y. Rubio, Andre V. Graham, Christine B. Montenieri, John A. Osikowicz, Lynn M. Bai, Ying Acosta-Gutierrez, Roxana Avila-Flores, Rafael Gage, Kenneth L. Suzan, Gerardo TI Molecular Survey of Bartonella Species and Yersinia pestis in Rodent Fleas (Siphonaptera) From Chihuahua, Mexico SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bartonella; Yersinia pestis; flea; Mexico ID VINSONII SUBSP ARUPENSIS; TAILED PRAIRIE DOGS; NATURAL-HISTORY; UNITED-STATES; ONYCHOMYS-LEUCOGASTER; CYNOMYS-LUDOVICIANUS; PLAGUE; DIVERSITY; INFECTIONS; ABUNDANCE AB Rodent fleas from northwestern Chihuahua, Mexico, were analyzed for the presence of Bartonella and Yersinia pestis. In total, 760 fleas belonging to 10 species were tested with multiplex polymerase chain reaction analysis targeting the gltA (338-bp) and pla genes (478-bp) of Bartonella and Y. pestis, respectively. Although none was positive for Y. pestis, 307 fleas were infected with Bartonella spp., resulting in an overall prevalence of 40.4%. A logistic regression analysis indicated that the presence of Bartonella is more likely to occur in some flea species. From a subset of Bartonella-positive fleas, phylogenetic analyses of gltA gene sequences revealed 13 genetic variants clustering in five phylogroups (I-V), two of which were matched with known pathogenic Bartonella species (Bartonella vinsonii subsp. arupensis and Bartonella washoensis) and two that were not related with any previously described species or subspecies of Bartonella. Variants in phylogroup V, which were mainly obtained from Meringis spp. fleas, were identical to those reported recently in their specific rodent hosts (Dipodomys spp.) in the same region, suggesting that kangaroo rats and their fleas harbor other Bartonella species not reported previously. Considering the Bartonella prevalence and the flea genotypes associated with known pathogenic Bartonella species, we suggest that analysis of rodent and flea communities in the region should continue for their potential implications for human health. Given that nearby locations in the United States have reported Y. pestis in wild animals and their fleas, we suggest conducting larger-scale studies to increase our knowledge of this bacterium. C1 [Fernandez-Gonzalez, Adriana M.; Rubio, Andre V.; Suzan, Gerardo] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Dept Etol, Fauna Silvestre & Anim Lab, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Ciudad Univ, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Kosoy, Michael Y.; Graham, Christine B.; Montenieri, John A.; Osikowicz, Lynn M.; Bai, Ying; Gage, Kenneth L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Acosta-Gutierrez, Roxana] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Ciencias, Museo Zool Alfonso L Herrera, Ciudad Univ, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Avila-Flores, Rafael] Univ Juarez Autonoma Tabasco, Div Acad Ciencias Biol, Carr Villahermosa Cardenas Km 0-5, Villahermosa 86280, Tabasco, Mexico. RP Suzan, G (reprint author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Dept Etol, Fauna Silvestre & Anim Lab, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Ciudad Univ, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. EM frogaf@gmail.com; mck3@cdc.gov; andre.rubio@gmail.com; hyb4@cdc.gov; jam3@cdc.gov; vir5@cdc.gov; bby5@cdc.gov; roxana_a2003@yahoo.com.mx; rafaelavilaf@yahoo.com.mx; klg0@cdc.gov; gerardosuz@gmail.com RI Rubio, Andre/M-5307-2015 OI Rubio, Andre/0000-0001-7297-9535 FU CONACYT [179482]; Cleveland Metroparks Zoo's Scott Neotropical Fund Program; CDC Global Diseases Detection program; Programa de Apoyo a los Estudios de Posgrado (PAEP) of National Autonomous University of Mexico; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACYT) FX We thank Ana L. Vigueras Galvan, Shiara K. Gonzalez Padron, Paola Martinez Duque, Karen Moreno Ortiz, and Andres M. Lopez Perez for the support during field collection. We acknowledge funding of CONACYT No. 179482, Cleveland Metroparks Zoo's Scott Neotropical Fund Program, CDC Global Diseases Detection program, and Programa de Apoyo a los Estudios de Posgrado (PAEP) of National Autonomous University of Mexico. Thanks to the Janos Grassland Biological Station, IE-UNAM for the accommodation during field collection. Fernandez-Gonzalez AM was supported by a scholarship of Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACYT). NR 48 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-2585 EI 1938-2928 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 53 IS 1 BP 199 EP 205 DI 10.1093/jme/tjv181 PG 7 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA DG2OU UT WOS:000371907700025 PM 26576933 ER PT J AU Iqbal, SA Wallach, JD Khoury, MJ Schully, SD Ioannidis, JPA AF Iqbal, Shareen A. Wallach, Joshua D. Khoury, Muin J. Schully, Sheri D. Ioannidis, John P. A. TI Reproducible Research Practices and Transparency across the Biomedical Literature SO PLOS BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CONFLICTS-OF-INTEREST; PRECLINICAL RESEARCH; RANDOMIZED-TRIALS; CLINICAL-TRIALS; NATIONAL-SURVEY; RAW DATA; JOURNALS; SCIENCE; AUTHORS; DISCLOSURE AB There is a growing movement to encourage reproducibility and transparency practices in the scientific community, including public access to raw data and protocols, the conduct of replication studies, systematic integration of evidence in systematic reviews, and the documentation of funding and potential conflicts of interest. In this survey, we assessed the current status of reproducibility and transparency addressing these indicators in a random sample of 441 biomedical journal articles published in 2000-2014. Only one study provided a full protocol and none made all raw data directly available. Replication studies were rare (n = 4), and only 16 studies had their data included in a subsequent systematic review or meta-analysis. The majority of studies did not mention anything about funding or conflicts of interest. The percentage of articles with no statement of conflict decreased substantially between 2000 and 2014 (94.4% in 2000 to 34.6% in 2014); the percentage of articles reporting statements of conflicts (0% in 2000, 15.4% in 2014) or no conflicts (5.6% in 2000, 50.0% in 2014) increased. Articles published in journals in the clinical medicine category versus other fields were almost twice as likely to not include any information on funding and to have private funding. This study provides baseline data to compare future progress in improving these indicators in the scientific literature. C1 [Iqbal, Shareen A.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Wallach, Joshua D.; Ioannidis, John P. A.] Stanford Sch Med, Dept Hlth Res & Policy, Palo Alto, CA USA. [Wallach, Joshua D.; Ioannidis, John P. A.] Stanford Univ, Metares Innovat Ctr Stanford, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Khoury, Muin J.; Schully, Sheri D.] NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Khoury, Muin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Stanford Univ, Dept Med, Stanford Prevent Res Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Stanford Univ, Sch Humanities & Sci, Dept Stat, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Ioannidis, JPA (reprint author), Stanford Sch Med, Dept Hlth Res & Policy, Palo Alto, CA USA.; Ioannidis, JPA (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Metares Innovat Ctr Stanford, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.; Ioannidis, JPA (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Med, Stanford Prevent Res Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.; Ioannidis, JPA (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Sch Humanities & Sci, Dept Stat, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM jioannid@stanford.edu FU Laura and John Arnold Foundation FX The authors received no specific funding for this work. The Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford (METRICS) is supported by a grant from the Laura and John Arnold Foundation. NR 41 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 5 U2 12 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1545-7885 J9 PLOS BIOL JI PLoS. Biol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 14 IS 1 AR e1002333 DI 10.1371/journal.pbio.1002333 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA DG2FU UT WOS:000371882900003 PM 26726926 ER PT J AU King, BA Patel, R Babb, SD Hartman, AM Freeman, A AF King, Brian A. Patel, Roshni Babb, Stephen D. Hartman, Anne M. Freeman, Alison TI National and state prevalence of smoke-free rules in homes with and without children and smokers: Two decades of progress SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Smoking; Tobacco smoke pollution; Child; Households; Secondhand smoke ID CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY; SECONDHAND SMOKE; UNITED-STATES; TOBACCO USE; EXPOSURE; NONSMOKERS; BANS AB Objective. The home is the primary source of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure for children. We assessed national and state progress in smoke-free home (SFH) rule adoption in homes with and without children and adult smokers. Methods. Data came from the 1992-1993 and 2010-2011 Tobacco Use Supplements to the Current Population Survey, a U.S. national probability household survey. Households were defined as having a SFH rule if all household respondents aged >= 18 indicated no one was allowed to smoke inside the home at any time. Households with children were those with occupants aged <18. Smokers were those who smoked >= 100 lifetime cigarettes and now smoked "everyday" or "some days". Results. From 1992-1993 to 2010-2011, SFH rule prevalence increased from 43.0% to 83.0% (p <.05). Among households with children, SFH rules increased overall (44.9% to 88.6%), in households without smokers (59.7% to 95.0%), and households with >= 1 smokers (9.7% to 61.0%) (p <.05). Among households without children, SFH rules increased overall (40.8% to 81.1%), in households without smokers (53.4% to 90.1%), and households with >= 1 smokers (6.3% to 40.9%) (p <.05). Prevalence increased in all states, irrespective of smoker or child occupancy (p <.05). In 2010-2011, among homes with smokers and children, SFH rule prevalence ranged from 36.5% (West Virginia) to 86.8% (California). Conclusions. Considerable progress has been made adopting SFH rules, but many U.S. children continue to be exposed to SHS because their homes are not smoke-free. Further efforts to promote adoption of SFH rules are essential to protect all children from this health risk. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [King, Brian A.; Patel, Roshni; Babb, Stephen D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F-79, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Hartman, Anne M.] NCI, Tobacco Control Res Branch, Behav Res Program, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Freeman, Alison] US EPA, Indoor Environm Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA. RP King, BA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F-79, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM baking@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 EI 1096-0260 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 82 BP 51 EP 58 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.11.010 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA DG2WY UT WOS:000371932600008 PM 26601642 ER PT J AU Schmid, DS AF Schmid, D. Scott TI Boosting Immunity in Recipients of Live-Attenuated Zoster Vaccine SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID HERPES-ZOSTER; TERM PERSISTENCE; OLDER-ADULTS; EFFICACY; RESPONSES C1 [Schmid, D. Scott] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Herpesvirus Grp, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Schmid, D. Scott] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl VZV Lab, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Schmid, D. Scott] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Herpesvirus Team, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Schmid, DS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl VZV Lab, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.; Schmid, DS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Herpesvirus Team, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dss1@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 213 IS 1 BP 1 EP 2 DI 10.1093/infdis/jiv481 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DF2EG UT WOS:000371152700001 PM 26452396 ER PT J AU Rybczynska, J Campbell, K Kamili, S Locarnini, S Krawczynski, K Walker, CM AF Rybczynska, Jolanta Campbell, Katherine Kamili, Saleem Locarnini, Stephen Krawczynski, Krzysztof Walker, Christopher M. TI CD4(+) T Cells Are Not Required for Suppression of Hepatitis B Virus Replication in the Liver of Vaccinated Chimpanzees SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE hepatitis B virus; persistence; vaccine; sterilizing immunity; CD4(+) T cell; class II epitope ID LONG-TERM EFFICACY; SURFACE-ANTIGEN; VIRAL CLEARANCE; HBV INFECTION; FOLLOW-UP; MEMORY; IMMUNOGENICITY; RESPONSES; EPITOPES; RISK AB Humans vaccinated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAg) sometimes develop humoral and cellular immunity to HBV proteins such as core and polymerase that are not vaccine components, providing indirect evidence that vaccine-induced immunity is not sterilizing. We previously described CD4(+) T-cell immunity against HBsAg and polymerase in chimpanzees after vaccination and HBV challenge. Here, vaccinated chimpanzees with protective levels of anti-HBsAg antibodies were rechallenged with HBV after antibody-mediated CD4(+) T-cell depletion. HBV DNA was detected in liver for at least 3 months after rechallenge, but virus replication was suppressed, as revealed by the absence of HBV DNA and HBsAg in serum. These observations provide direct virological evidence for nonsterilizing immunity in individuals with anti-HBsAg antibodies and are consistent with translation of HBV proteins to prime immune responses. They also indicate that CD4(+) T cells were not required for suppression of HBV replication in previously vaccinated individuals. C1 [Rybczynska, Jolanta] Med Univ Warsaw, Dept Pathol, Warsaw, Poland. [Rybczynska, Jolanta; Kamili, Saleem; Krawczynski, Krzysztof] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Campbell, Katherine; Walker, Christopher M.] Natl Childrens Hosp, Ctr Vaccines & Immun, Columbus, OH USA. [Walker, Christopher M.] Ohio State Univ, Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Locarnini, Stephen] Victorian Infect Dis Reference Lab, North Melbourne, Vic, Australia. RP Walker, CM (reprint author), Nationwide Childrens Hosp, WA4011,700 Childrens Dr, Columbus, OH 43004 USA. EM christopher.walker@nationwidechildrens.org FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the National Institutes of Health [R37AI47367]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the National Institutes of Health (award R37AI47367) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 213 IS 1 BP 49 EP 56 DI 10.1093/infdis/jiv348 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DF2EG UT WOS:000371152700008 PM 26324781 ER PT J AU Messerlian, C Souter, I Gaskins, AJ Williams, PL Ford, JB Chiu, YH Calafat, AM Hauser, R AF Messerlian, Carmen Souter, Irene Gaskins, Audrey J. Williams, Paige L. Ford, Jennifer B. Chiu, Yu-Han Calafat, Antonia M. Hauser, Russ CA Earth Study Team TI Urinary phthalate metabolites and ovarian reserve among women seeking infertility care SO HUMAN REPRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE phthalate metabolites; ovarian reserve; antral follicle count; medically assisted reproduction; assisted reproductive technology; epidemiology ID ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING CHEMICALS; BISPHENOL-A; REPRODUCTIVE DEVELOPMENT; EXPOSURE; HEALTH; ASSOCIATION; MECHANISMS; FOLLICLES; RATS; LIFE AB Are urinary phthalate metabolites associated with reduced antral follicle growth among women in an infertility setting? Higher urinary concentrations of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) metabolites were associated with significant decreases in antral follicle count (AFC) among women seeking infertility care. Experimental animal studies show that DEHP accelerates primordial follicle recruitment and inhibits antral follicle growth. Whether phthalates also reduce the growing antral follicle pool in humans remains unknown. We examined the association between urinary phthalate metabolites and AFC using prospective data from 215 females recruited between 2004 and 2012 in the Environment and Reproductive Health (EARTH) study. We quantified the urinary concentrations of 11 phthalate metabolites. We estimated the geometric mean for all urine samples provided prior to unstimulated day 3 AFC assessment for each woman. We evaluated the association of AFC with aDEHP (molar sum of four DEHP metabolites) and individual phthalate metabolites using Poisson regression, adjusting for age, BMI and smoking. We observed significant decreases in mean AFC for all higher quartiles of aDEHP as compared with the lowest quartile. Compared with women in the first quartile of aDEHP, women in the second, third and fourth quartiles had a -24% (95% confidence interval (CI): -32%, -16%), -19% (95% CI: -27%, -9%), and -14% (95% CI: -23%, -5%) decrease in mean AFC. The absolute mean AFC in the first quartile was 14.2 follicles (95% CI: 13.2, 15.2) compared with 10.7 follicles (95% CI: 9.9, 11.6) in the second quartile. We observed similar trends among the four individual DEHP metabolites. There was no consistent change in AFC among the remaining phthalate metabolite concentrations evaluated. We demonstrated a negative association between DEHP and a well-established marker of ovarian reserve among a subfertile population. However these findings may not be generalizable to women without fertility concerns, and we cannot rule out co-exposure to other chemicals. Environmental chemicals that inhibit the size of the growing antral follicle pool can impair fertility and reduce fecundity. This study suggests evidence in need of further investigation on the impact of phthalates on the human oocyte and follicular development. Work supported by grants ES009718, ES022955, ES000002, and T32ES007069 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) and grant T32 DK007703-16 from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK). C.M. was supported by a post-doctoral training award from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. There are no competing interests to declare. C1 [Messerlian, Carmen; Ford, Jennifer B.; Hauser, Russ] Harvard Univ, TH Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Souter, Irene; Hauser, Russ] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Fertil Ctr,Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Gaskins, Audrey J.; Chiu, Yu-Han] Harvard Univ, TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Williams, Paige L.] Harvard Univ, TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Williams, Paige L.; Hauser, Russ] Harvard Univ, TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Messerlian, C (reprint author), Harvard Univ, TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, 665 Huntington Ave,FXB 102A, Boston, MA USA. EM cmesser@hsph.harvard.edu FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [ES009718, ES022955, ES000002, T32ES007069]; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) [T32 DK007703-16]; Canadian Institutes of Health Research FX Work supported by grants ES009718, ES022955, ES000002, and T32ES007069 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) and grant T32 DK007703-16 from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK). C.M. was supported by a post-doctoral training award from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. NR 36 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0268-1161 EI 1460-2350 J9 HUM REPROD JI Hum. Reprod. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 31 IS 1 BP 75 EP 83 DI 10.1093/humrep/dev292 PG 9 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA DF2CY UT WOS:000371148900011 PM 26573529 ER PT J AU Frenk, SM Kit, BK Lukacs, SL Hicks, LA Gu, QP AF Frenk, Steven M. Kit, Brian K. Lukacs, Susan L. Hicks, Lauri A. Gu, Qiuping TI Trends in the use of prescription antibiotics: NHANES 1999-2012 SO JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID RESPIRATORY-TRACT INFECTIONS; UNITED-STATES; CONJUGATE VACCINE; AMBULATORY-CARE; PEDIATRICS; CHILDREN; RATES AB Objectives: The objectives of this study were: to examine trends in the use of prescription antibiotics overall and by population subgroups between 1999 and 2012; and to examine trends in the use of categories of antibiotics and individual antibiotics. Methods: Use of antibiotics was examined among 71444 participants in the nationally representative National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES; 1999-2012). Use of an antibiotic in the past 30 days was the main outcome variable. Analyses of trends were conducted overall and separately by population subgroups (i.e. age, sex, race/Hispanic origin, health insurance status and respiratory conditions) across four time periods (1999-2002, 2003-06, 2007-10 and 2011-12). Results: The percentage of the US population that used a prescription antibiotic in the past 30 days significantly declined from 6.1% in 1999-2002 to 4.1% in 2011-12 P < 0.001). Declines were also identified for five age groups (0-1 year, 6-11 years, 12-17 years, 18-39 years and 40-59 years), both sexes, non-Hispanic white and non-Hispanic black persons, persons with and without insurance and among those who currently had asthma. Significant declines were also observed for three categories of antibiotics (penicillins, cephalosporins and macrolide derivatives). Of the most common antibiotics prescribed, only amoxicillin use decreased significantly. Conclusions: Overall, there was a significant decline in the use of antibiotics between 1999-2002 and 2011-12. Due to concerns about antimicrobial resistance, it is important to continue monitoring the use of antibiotics. C1 [Frenk, Steven M.; Kit, Brian K.; Lukacs, Susan L.; Gu, Qiuping] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Kit, Brian K.; Lukacs, Susan L.; Hicks, Lauri A.] US PHS, Rockville, MD USA. [Hicks, Lauri A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Frenk, SM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM sfrenk@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-7453 EI 1460-2091 J9 J ANTIMICROB CHEMOTH JI J. Antimicrob. Chemother. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 71 IS 1 BP 251 EP 256 DI 10.1093/jac/dkv319 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA DF3IS UT WOS:000371238100036 PM 26462985 ER PT J AU Akinbami, LJ Simon, AE Rossen, LM AF Akinbami, Lara J. Simon, Alan E. Rossen, Lauren M. TI Changing Trends in Asthma Prevalence Among Children SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID CHILDHOOD ASTHMA; HYGIENE HYPOTHESIS; PRIMARY PREVENTION; NATURAL-HISTORY; UNITED-STATES; ALLERGY; EPIDEMIC; STILL; CARE AB BACKGROUND: Childhood asthma prevalence doubled from 1980 to 1995 and then increased more slowly from 2001 to 2010. During this second period, racial disparities increased. More recent trends remain to be described. METHODS: We analyzed current asthma prevalence using 2001-2013 National Health Interview Survey data for children ages 0 to 17 years. Logistic regression with quadratic terms was used to test for nonlinear patterns in trends. Differences between demographic subgroups were further assessed with multivariate models controlling for gender, age, poverty status, race/ethnicity, urbanicity, and geographic region. RESULTS: Overall, childhood asthma prevalence increased from 2001 to 2009 followed by a plateau then a decline in 2013. From 2001 to 2013, multivariate logistic regression showed no change in prevalence among non-Hispanic white and Puerto Rican children and those in the Northeast and West; increasing prevalence among 10- to 17-year-olds, poor children, and those living in the South; increasing then plateauing prevalence among 5- to 9-year-olds, near-poor children, and non-Hispanic black children; and increasing then decreasing prevalence among 0- to 4-year-olds, nonpoor, and Mexican children and those in the Midwest. Non-Hispanic black-white disparities stopped increasing, and Puerto Rican children remained with the highest prevalence. CONCLUSIONS: Current asthma prevalence ceased to increase among children in recent years and the non-Hispanic black-white disparity stopped increasing due mainly to plateauing prevalence among non-Hispanic black children. C1 [Akinbami, Lara J.; Simon, Alan E.; Rossen, Lauren M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Akinbami, Lara J.] US PHS, Rockville, MD USA. RP Akinbami, LJ (reprint author), Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM lea8@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 5 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 EI 1098-4275 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JAN PY 2016 VL 137 IS 1 AR e20152354 DI 10.1542/peds.2015-2354 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA DF5KJ UT WOS:000371390300030 ER PT J AU Braun, KV Doernberg, N Schieve, L Christensen, D Goodman, A Yeargin-Allsopp, M AF Braun, Kim Van Naarden Doernberg, Nancy Schieve, Laura Christensen, Deborah Goodman, Alyson Yeargin-Allsopp, Marshalyn TI Birth Prevalence of Cerebral Palsy: A Population-Based Study SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID DEVELOPMENTAL-DISABILITIES; WEIGHT INFANTS; TRENDS; CHILDREN; RATES; BORN; DEXAMETHASONE; SURFACTANT; DISORDERS; SURVIVAL AB OBJECTIVE: Population-based data in the United States on trends in cerebral palsy (CP) birth prevalence are limited. The objective of this study was to examine trends in the birth prevalence of congenital spastic CP by birth weight, gestational age, and race/ethnicity in a heterogeneous US metropolitan area. METHODS: Children with CP were identified by a population-based surveillance system for developmental disabilities (DDs). Children with CP were included if they were born in metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia, from 1985 to 2002, resided there at age 8 years, and did not have a postneonatal etiology (n = 766). Birth weight, gestational age, and race/ethnicity subanalyses were restricted to children with spastic CP (n = 640). Trends were examined by CP subtype, gender, race/ethnicity, co-occurring DDs, birth weight, and gestational age. RESULTS: Birth prevalence of spastic CP per 1000 1-year survivors was stable from 1985 to 2002 (1.9 in 1985 to 1.8 in 2002; 0.3% annual average prevalence; 95% confidence interval [CI] -1.1 to 1.8). Whereas no significant trends were observed by gender, subtype, birth weight, or gestational age overall, CP prevalence with co-occurring moderate to severe intellectual disability significantly decreased (-2.6% [95% CI -4.3 to -0.8]). Racial disparities persisted over time between non-Hispanic black and non-Hispanic white children (prevalence ratio 1.8 [95% CI 1.5 to 2.1]). Different patterns emerged for non-Hispanic white and non-Hispanic black children by birth weight and gestational age. CONCLUSIONS: Given improvements in neonatal survival, evidence of stability of CP prevalence is encouraging. Yet lack of overall decreases supports continued monitoring of trends and increased research and prevention efforts. Racial/ethnic disparities, in particular, warrant further study. C1 [Braun, Kim Van Naarden; Doernberg, Nancy; Schieve, Laura; Christensen, Deborah; Goodman, Alyson; Yeargin-Allsopp, Marshalyn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dev Disabil Branch, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Braun, KV (reprint author), 4770 Buford Hwy,MS E-86, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM kbn5@cdc.gov NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 EI 1098-4275 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JAN PY 2016 VL 137 IS 1 AR e20152872 DI 10.1542/peds.2015-2872 PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA DF5KJ UT WOS:000371390300041 ER PT J AU Clayton, HB Lowry, R August, E Jones, SE AF Clayton, Heather B. Lowry, Richard August, Euna Jones, Sherry Everett TI Nonmedical Use of Prescription Drugs and Sexual Risk Behaviors SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; YOUNG-ADULTS; SUBSTANCE USE; ADOLESCENTS; MISUSE; PARTNERS; YOUTH; INITIATION; ALCOHOL; OPIOIDS AB BACKGROUND: Substance use is associated with sexual risk behaviors among youth, but little is known about whether nonmedical prescription drug use, an increasingly common behavior, is associated with sexual risk behaviors. METHODS: Data from the 2011 and 2013 national Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, cross-sectional surveys conducted among nationally representative samples of students in grades 9 to 12 were combined (n = 29 008) to examine the association between ever taking prescription drugs without a doctor's prescription and sexual risk behaviors (ever having sexual intercourse, current sexual activity, lifetime number of sexual partners, condom use, and alcohol or drug use before last sexual intercourse). Using logistic regression models (adjusted for sex, race/ethnicity, grade, ever injection drug use, and use of alcohol, marijuana, heroin, cocaine, methamphetamines, ecstasy, and inhalants), we estimated adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: Nonmedical use of prescription drugs (NMUPD) was associated with ever having sexual intercourse (aPR 1.16 [95% CI 1.11-1.22]), being currently sexually active (1.26 [1.20-1.33]), having >= 4 lifetime sexual partners (1.45 [1.34-1.57]), drinking alcohol or using drugs before last sexual intercourse (1.32 [1.17-1.48]), and not using a condom at last sexual intercourse (1.14 [1.05-1.23]). As the frequency of NMUPD increased, the association between NMUPD and each of the sexual risk behaviors increased in strength, suggesting a dose-response relationship. CONCLUSIONS: NMUPD is associated with sexual behaviors that put high school students at risk for sexually transmitted infections. These findings can be used to inform clinical and school-based interventions developed to reduce drug use and sexually transmitted infections. C1 [Clayton, Heather B.; Lowry, Richard; Jones, Sherry Everett] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,Mailstop E-75, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [August, Euna] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,Mailstop E-75, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Clayton, HB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,Mailstop E-75, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM hhc9@cdc.gov NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 EI 1098-4275 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JAN PY 2016 VL 137 IS 1 AR e20152480 DI 10.1542/peds.2015-2480 PG 10 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA DF5KJ UT WOS:000371390300034 ER PT J AU Walters, MS Simmons, L Anderson, TC DeMent, J Van Zile, K Matthias, LP Etheridge, S Baker, R Healan, C Bagby, R Reporter, R Kimura, A Harrison, C Ajileye, K Borders, J Crocker, K Smee, A Adams-Cameron, M Joseph, LA Beth, T Trees, E Sabol, A Garrett, N Bopp, C Bosch, S Behravesh, CB AF Walters, Maroya Spalding Simmons, Latoya Anderson, Tara C. DeMent, Jamie Van Zile, Kathleen Matthias, Laura P. Etheridge, Sonia Baker, Ronald Healan, Cheryl Bagby, Rita Reporter, Roshan Kimura, Akiko Harrison, Cassandra Ajileye, Kadri Borders, Julie Crocker, Kia Smee, Aaron Adams-Cameron, Meg Joseph, Lavin A. Beth, Tolar Trees, Eija Sabol, Ashley Garrett, Nancy Bopp, Cheryl Bosch, Stacey Behravesh, Casey Barton TI Outbreaks of Salmonellosis From Small Turtles SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; MULTISTATE OUTBREAK; INFECTIONS; EXPOSURE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PATHOGENS; HUMANS AB OBJECTIVE: Turtle-associated salmonellosis (TAS), especially in children, is a reemerging abstract public health issue. In 1975, sales of small pet turtles (shell length <4 inches) were banned by federal law; following the ban, reductions in pediatric TAS were observed. Since 2006, the number of multistate TAS outbreaks has increased. We describe 8 multistate outbreaks with illness-onset dates occurring in 2011-2013. METHODS: We conducted epidemiologic, environmental, and traceback investigations. Cases were defined as infection with >= 1 of 10 molecular subtypes of Salmonella Sandiego, Pomona, Poona, Typhimurium, and I 4,[5], 12: i:-. Water samples from turtle habitats linked to human illnesses were cultured for Salmonella. RESULTS: We identified 8 outbreaks totaling 473 cases from 41 states, Washington DC, and Puerto Rico with illness onsets during May 2011-September 2013. The median patient age was 4 years (range: 1 month-94 years); 45% percent were Hispanic; and 28% were hospitalized. In the week preceding illness, 68% (187 of 273) of case-patients reported turtle exposure; among these, 88% (124 of 141) described small turtles. Outbreak strains were isolated from turtle habitats linked to human illnesses in seven outbreaks. Traceback investigations identified 2 Louisiana turtle farms as the source of small turtles linked to 1 outbreak; 1 outbreak strain was isolated from turtle pond water from 1 turtle farm. CONCLUSIONS: Eight multistate outbreaks associated with small turtles were investigated during 2011-2013. Children <5 years and Hispanics were disproportionately affected. Prevention efforts should focus on patient education targeting families with young children and Hispanics and enactment of state and local regulations to complement federal sales restrictions. C1 [Walters, Maroya Spalding; Simmons, Latoya; Anderson, Tara C.; Joseph, Lavin A.; Beth, Tolar; Trees, Eija; Sabol, Ashley; Garrett, Nancy; Bopp, Cheryl; Bosch, Stacey; Behravesh, Casey Barton] Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Walters, Maroya Spalding; Anderson, Tara C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [DeMent, Jamie; Van Zile, Kathleen; Matthias, Laura P.; Etheridge, Sonia; Baker, Ronald; Healan, Cheryl] Florida Dept Hlth, Jacksonville, FL USA. [Bagby, Rita; Reporter, Roshan] Los Angeles Cty Dept Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Kimura, Akiko] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Gardena, CA USA. [Harrison, Cassandra] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. [Ajileye, Kadri] New York State Hlth Dept, Albany, NY USA. [Borders, Julie] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Austin, TX USA. [Crocker, Kia] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD USA. [Smee, Aaron] Penn Dept Hlth, Reading, PA USA. [Adams-Cameron, Meg] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Behravesh, CB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. EM CBartonBehravesh@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 7 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 EI 1098-4275 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JAN PY 2016 VL 137 IS 1 AR e20151735 DI 10.1542/peds.2015-1735 PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA DF5KJ UT WOS:000371390300018 ER PT J AU Wortham, JM Hansen, NI Schrag, SJ Hale, E Van Meurs, K Sanchez, PJ Cantey, JB Faix, R Poindexter, B Goldberg, R Bizzarro, M Frantz, I Das, A Benitz, WE Shane, AL Higgins, R Stoll, BJ AF Wortham, Jonathan M. Hansen, Nellie I. Schrag, Stephanie J. Hale, Ellen Van Meurs, Krisa Sanchez, Pablo J. Cantey, Joseph B. Faix, Roger Poindexter, Brenda Goldberg, Ronald Bizzarro, Matthew Frantz, Ivan Das, Abhik Benitz, William E. Shane, Andi L. Higgins, Rosemary Stoll, Barbara J. CA Eunice Kennedy Shriver NICHD Neona TI Chorioamnionitis and Culture-Confirmed, Early-Onset Neonatal Infections SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID B STREPTOCOCCAL DISEASE; RISK-FACTORS; SEPSIS; PREVENTION; INFANTS; CHEMOPROPHYLAXIS; GUIDELINES; MANAGEMENT; BURDEN; DEATH AB BACKGROUND: Current guidelines for prevention of neonatal group B streptococcal disease recommend diagnostic evaluations and empirical antibiotic therapy for well-appearing, chorioamnionitis-exposed newborns. Some clinicians question these recommendations, citing the decline in early-onset group B streptococcal disease rates since widespread intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis implementation and potential antibiotic risks. We aimed to determine whether chorioamnionitis-exposed newborns with culture-confirmed, early-onset infections can be asymptomatic at birth. METHODS: Multicenter, prospective surveillance for early-onset neonatal infections was conducted during 2006-2009. Early-onset infection was defined as isolation of a pathogen from blood or cerebrospinal fluid collected <= 72 hours after birth. Maternal chorioamnionitis was defined by clinical diagnosis in the medical record or by histologic diagnosis by placental pathology. Hospital records of newborns with early-onset infections born to mothers with chorioamnionitis were reviewed retrospectively to determine symptom onset. RESULTS: Early-onset infections were diagnosed in 389 of 396 586 live births, including 232 (60%) chorioamnionitis-exposed newborns. Records for 229 were reviewed; 29 (13%) had no documented symptoms within 6 hours of birth, including 21 (9%) who remained asymptomatic at 72 hours. Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis exposure did not differ significantly between asymptomatic and symptomatic infants (76% vs 69%; P = .52). Assuming complete guideline implementation, we estimated that 60 to 1400 newborns would receive diagnostic evaluations and antibiotics for each infected asymptomatic newborn, depending on chorioamnionitis prevalence. CONCLUSIONS: Some infants born to mothers with chorioamnionitis may have no signs of sepsis at birth despite having culture-confirmed infections. Implementation of current clinical guidelines may result in early diagnosis, but large numbers of uninfected asymptomatic infants would be treated. C1 [Wortham, Jonathan M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schrag, Stephanie J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hansen, Nellie I.] RTI Int, Social Stat & Environm Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Hale, Ellen; Shane, Andi L.; Stoll, Barbara J.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Hale, Ellen; Shane, Andi L.; Stoll, Barbara J.] Childrens Healthcare Atlanta, Atlanta, GA USA. [Van Meurs, Krisa; Benitz, William E.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Div Neonatal & Dev Med, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Van Meurs, Krisa; Benitz, William E.] Lucile Packard Childrens Hosp, Palo Alto, CA USA. [Sanchez, Pablo J.; Cantey, Joseph B.] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Dept Pediat, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. [Faix, Roger] Univ Utah, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Div Neonatol, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Poindexter, Brenda] Indiana Univ Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Goldberg, Ronald] Duke Univ, Dept Pediat, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Bizzarro, Matthew] Yale Univ, Dept Pediat, Sch Med, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Frantz, Ivan] Floating Hosp Children, Tufts Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA USA. [Higgins, Rosemary] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hu, Bethesda, MD USA. [Das, Abhik] RTI Int, Social Stat & Environm Sci, Rockville, MD USA. RP Wortham, JM (reprint author), Div TB Eliminat, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM vij5@cdc.gov FU Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; National Institutes of Health (NIH) FX This study was supported by funding from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 EI 1098-4275 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JAN PY 2016 VL 137 IS 1 AR e20152323 DI 10.1542/peds.2015-2323 PG 11 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA DF5KJ UT WOS:000371390300029 ER PT J AU O'Brien, JL Langlois, PH Lawson, CC Scheuerle, A Rocheleau, CM Waters, MA Symanski, E Romitti, PA Agopian, AJ Lupo, PJ AF O'Brien, Jacqueline L. Langlois, Peter H. Lawson, Christina C. Scheuerle, Angela Rocheleau, Carissa M. Waters, Martha A. Symanski, Elaine Romitti, Paul A. Agopian, A. J. Lupo, Philip J. CA Natl Birth Defects Prevention Stud TI Maternal Occupational Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Craniosynostosis among Offspring in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE craniosynostosis; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH); birth defects; case-control ID AFFECTED PREGNANCIES; PRENATAL EXPOSURE; RISK; SMOKING; GROWTH AB Background: Evidence in animal models and humans suggests that exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) may lead to birth defects. To our knowledge, this relationship has not been evaluated for craniosynostosis, a birth defect characterized by the premature closure of sutures in the skull. We conducted a case-control study to examine associations between maternal occupational exposure to PAHs and craniosynostosis. Methods: We used data from craniosynostosis cases and control infants in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS) with estimated delivery dates from 1997 to 2002. Industrial hygienists reviewed occupational data from the computer-assisted telephone interview and assigned a yes/no rating of probable occupational PAH exposure for each job from 1 month before conception through delivery. We used logistic regression to assess the association between occupational exposure to PAHs and craniosynostosis. Results: The prevalence of exposure was 5.3% in case mothers (16/300) and 3.7% in control mothers (107/2,886). We observed a positive association between exposure to PAHs during the 1 month before conception through the third month of pregnancy and craniosynostosis (odds ratio [OR] 51.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01-3.05) after adjusting for maternal age and maternal education. The number of cases for each craniosynostosis subtype limited subtype analyses to sagittal craniosynostosis; the odds ratio remained similar (OR51.76, 95% CI, 0.823.75), but was not significant. Conclusion: Our findings support a moderate association between maternal occupational exposure to PAHs and craniosynostosis. Additional work is needed to better characterize susceptibility and the role PAHs may play on specific craniosynostosis subtypes. (C) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [O'Brien, Jacqueline L.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Langlois, Peter H.] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Birth Defects Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Austin, TX USA. [Lawson, Christina C.; Rocheleau, Carissa M.; Waters, Martha A.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Scheuerle, Angela] Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Pediat, Div Genet & Metab, SW Med Ctr, Dallas, TX 75230 USA. [Symanski, Elaine; Agopian, A. J.] Univ Texas Houston, Div Epidemiol Human Genet & Environm Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, Houston, TX USA. [Romitti, Paul A.] Univ Iowa, Dept Epidemiol, Coll Publ Hlth, Iowa City, IA USA. [Lupo, Philip J.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Sect Hematol Oncol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Lupo, PJ (reprint author), One Baylor Plaza,BCM305, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM philip.lupo@bcm.edu OI Lupo, Philip/0000-0003-0978-5863 FU NIH [R03DE021739]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U01DD000494]; Texas Department of State Health Services (DSHS) [U01DD000494]; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health [200-2000-08018]; Office of Title V and Family Health, Texas DSHS FX Supported by NIH R03DE021739 (P.J.L.). This work was also supported in part through a cooperative agreement (U01DD000494) between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Texas Department of State Health Services (DSHS) and by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (contract 200-2000-08018). Funding also came from Title V Maternal and Child Health Block Grants Funds from the Office of Title V and Family Health, Texas DSHS. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 106 IS 1 BP 55 EP 60 DI 10.1002/bdra.23389 PG 6 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA DE5AY UT WOS:000370644100006 PM 26033890 ER PT J AU Teague, H Mehta, NN AF Teague, H. Mehta, Nehal N. TI The Link Between Inflammatory Disorders and Coronary Heart Disease: a Look at Recent Studies and Novel Drugs in Development SO CURRENT ATHEROSCLEROSIS REPORTS LA English DT Review DE Inflammation; Coronary heart disease; Atherosclerosis; Psoriasis; Rheumatoid arthritis; Systemic lupus erythematosus ID SYSTEMIC-LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; ACCELERATED ATHEROSCLEROSIS; VASCULAR INFLAMMATION; SEVERE PSORIASIS AB Inflammation is a critical component in the development of coronary heart disease (CHD), specifically in the process of atherogenesis. Human translational and preclinical studies have demonstrated that inflammation contributes to the development, sustainment, and progression of atherosclerosis, and epidemiological studies demonstrate that human diseases associated with increased systemic inflammation increase the risk of CHD-related events. Therefore, over the last decade, multiple clinical studies were designed to target the inflammatory cascade in order to reduce the risk of CHD and to identify which populations may benefit from these preventative treatment strategies. This review briefly summarizes inflammation as a risk factor in atherosclerosis, human disease states associated with accelerated atherosclerosis, and current treatment strategies for CHD targeting the inflammatory cascade. C1 [Teague, H.; Mehta, Nehal N.] NHLBI, NIH, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Mehta, Nehal N.] NHLBI, Cardiovasc & Pulm Branch, NIH, CDC, 10 Ctr Dr,Room 5-5140, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Mehta, NN (reprint author), NHLBI, NIH, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.; Mehta, NN (reprint author), NHLBI, Cardiovasc & Pulm Branch, NIH, CDC, 10 Ctr Dr,Room 5-5140, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM nehal.mehta@nih.gov NR 54 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU CURRENT MEDICINE GROUP PI PHILADELPHIA PA 400 MARKET STREET, STE 700, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1523-3804 EI 1534-6242 J9 CURR ATHEROSCLER REP JI Curr. Atheroscleros. Rep. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 18 IS 1 AR 3 DI 10.1007/s11883-015-0557-y PG 5 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA DE7JF UT WOS:000370811300005 PM 26739273 ER PT J AU Brisson, M Laprise, JF Chesson, HW Drolet, M Malagon, T Boily, MC Markowitz, LE AF Brisson, Marc Laprise, Jean-Francois Chesson, Harrell W. Drolet, Melanie Malagon, Talia Boily, Marie-Claude Markowitz, Lauri E. TI Health and Economic Impact of Switching From a 4-Valent to a 9-Valent HPV Vaccination Program in the United States SO JNCI-JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS VACCINATION; GRADE CERVICAL LESIONS; COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; GENITAL WARTS; INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA; QUADRIVALENT VACCINE; NATURAL-HISTORY; CANCER; POPULATION; MODEL AB Background: Randomized clinical trials have shown the 9-valent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine to be highly effective against types 31/33/45/52/58 compared with the 4-valent. Evidence on the added health and economic benefit of the 9-valent is required for policy decisions. We compare population-level effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of 9- and 4-valent HPV vaccination in the United States. Methods: We used a multitype individual-based transmission-dynamic model of HPV infection and disease (anogenital warts and cervical, anogenital, and oropharyngeal cancers), 3% discount rate, and societal perspective. The model was calibrated to sexual behavior and epidemiologic data from the United States. In our base-case, we assumed 95% vaccinetype efficacy, lifelong protection, and a cost/dose of $145 and $158 for the 4- and 9-valent vaccine, respectively. Predictions are presented using the mean (80% uncertainty interval [UI] = 10th-90th percentiles) of simulations. Results: Under base-case assumptions, the 4-valent gender-neutral vaccination program is estimated to cost $5500 (80% UI = 2400-9400) and $7300 (80% UI = 4300-11 000)/quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained with and without cross-protection, respectively. Switching to a 9-valent gender-neutral program is estimated to be cost-saving irrespective of cross-protection assumptions. Finally, the incremental cost/QALY gained of switching to a 9-valent gender-neutral program (vs 9-valent girls/4-valent boys) is estimated to be $140 200 (80% UI = 4200->1 million) and $31 100 (80% UI = 2100->1 million) with and without cross-protection, respectively. Results are robust to assumptions about HPV natural history, screening methods, duration of protection, and healthcare costs. Conclusions: Switching to a 9-valent gender-neutral HPV vaccination program is likely to be cost-saving if the additional cost/dose of the 9-valent is less than $13. Giving females the 9-valent vaccine provides the majority of benefits of a gender-neutral strategy. C1 [Brisson, Marc; Laprise, Jean-Francois; Drolet, Melanie; Malagon, Talia] CHU Quebec, Ctr Rech, Axe Sante Populat & Pratiques Optimales Sante, Quebec City, PQ G1S 4L8, Canada. [Brisson, Marc; Drolet, Melanie; Malagon, Talia] Univ Laval, Dept Social & Prevent Med, Quebec City, PQ, Canada. [Brisson, Marc; Boily, Marie-Claude] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, London, England. [Chesson, Harrell W.; Markowitz, Lauri E.] CDC, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Brisson, M (reprint author), CHU Quebec, Ctr Rech, Axe Sante Populat & Pratiques Optimales Sante, Hop St Sacrement, 1050 Chemin St Foy, Quebec City, PQ G1S 4L8, Canada. EM marc.brisson@crchudequebec.ulaval.ca FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [OOOHCVJD-2012-47104]; Canada Research Chairs program FX This work was supported by a contract from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (OOOHCVJD-2012-47104) and the Canada Research Chairs program (support for MB). NR 61 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 13 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0027-8874 EI 1460-2105 J9 JNCI-J NATL CANCER I JI JNCI-J. Natl. Cancer Inst. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 108 IS 1 AR djv282 DI 10.1093/jnci/djv282 PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA DF2EV UT WOS:000371154700005 ER PT J AU Gershenwald, JE Guy, GP AF Gershenwald, Jeffrey E. Guy, Gery P., Jr. TI Stemming the Rising Incidence of Melanoma: Calling Prevention to Action SO JNCI-JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE LA English DT Editorial Material ID FORCE RECOMMENDATION STATEMENT; SKIN-CANCER; CUTANEOUS MELANOMA; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; MEK INHIBITION; COMBINED BRAF; US ADULTS; PREVALENCE; METAANALYSIS; IPILIMUMAB C1 [Gershenwald, Jeffrey E.] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Surg Oncol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Guy, Gery P., Jr.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gershenwald, JE (reprint author), Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, MD Anderson Melanoma Moon Shot, Melanoma & Skin Ctr, Dept Surg Oncol,Dept Canc Biol, 1400 Pressler St,FCT17-6000, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM jgershen@mdanderson.org NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0027-8874 EI 1460-2105 J9 JNCI-J NATL CANCER I JI JNCI-J. Natl. Cancer Inst. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 108 IS 1 AR djv381 DI 10.1093/jnci/djv381 PG 3 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA DF2EV UT WOS:000371154700011 ER PT J AU Wang, Y Mazurek, GH Alocilja, EC AF Wang, Yun Mazurek, Gerald H. Alocilja, Evangelyn C. TI Measurement of Interferon Gamma Concentration Using an Electrochemical Immunosensor SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB Interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) plays an important role in immune responses in a variety of infections and diseases. The measurement of IFN-gamma concentration can facilitate disease diagnosis. In this study, measurement of IFN-gamma concentration using a nanoparticle-based electrochemical immunosensor is reported. IFN-gamma was captured by antibody-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and labeled with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) conjugated with a second anti-IFN-gamma antibody and multiple cadmium sulfide nanoparticles (CdS-NPs), thus forming the MNP-IFN-gamma-Au-CdS complex. After magnetic separation, the complex was resuspended in a dilute nitric acid solution, mixed with bismuth, and added to a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) chip. The electrochemical signal from the CdS-NPs was measured using square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV). Maximum current at -0.87 V was linearly associated with IFN-gamma concentration over the range of 0.01 to 1 IU/ml. Measurement of IFN-gamma concentration with this immunosensor required about 1 hour. These characteristics suggest that, with optimization, this immunosensor may have clinical utility. (C) The Author(s) 2016. Published by ECS. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives 4.0 License (CC BY-NC-ND, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is not changed in any way and is properly cited. For permission for commercial reuse, please email: oa@electrochem.org. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, Yun; Alocilja, Evangelyn C.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Biosyst & Agr Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Mazurek, Gerald H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Wang, Yun] US FDA, Bedford Pk, SA 60501, Australia. RP Alocilja, EC (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Biosyst & Agr Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM alocilja@msu.edu RI Wang, Yun/G-8899-2016 FU Michigan State University (MSU) Foundation through the Strategic Partnership grant (SPG); Michigan Initiative for Innovation and Entrepreneurship (MILE); Targeted Support Grants for Technology Development (TSGTD) FX This study was funded by Michigan State University (MSU) Foundation through the Strategic Partnership grant (SPG), Michigan Initiative for Innovation and Entrepreneurship (MILE), and Targeted Support Grants for Technology Development (TSGTD). References in this manuscript to any specific commercial products, process, service, manufacturer, or company does not constitute its endorsement or recommendation by the U.S. Government or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The findings and conclusions are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Government or the CDC. NR 45 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 EI 1945-7111 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PY 2016 VL 163 IS 5 BP B140 EP B145 DI 10.1149/2.0271605jes PG 6 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA DE8DT UT WOS:000370866700034 ER PT J AU Banegas, MP Guy, GP de Moor, JS Ekwueme, DU Virgo, KS Kent, EE Nutt, S Zheng, ZY Rechis, R Yabroff, KR AF Banegas, Matthew P. Guy, Gery P., Jr. de Moor, Janet S. Ekwueme, Donatus U. Virgo, Katherine S. Kent, Erin E. Nutt, Stephanie Zheng, Zhiyuan Rechis, Ruth Yabroff, K. Robin TI For Working-Age Cancer Survivors, Medical Debt And Bankruptcy Create Financial Hardships SO HEALTH AFFAIRS LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; PROSTATE-CANCER; CLINICAL ONCOLOGY; AMERICAN SOCIETY; ECONOMIC BURDEN; CARE; BREAST; COST; POPULATION; EMPLOYMENT AB The rising medical costs associated with cancer have led to considerable financial hardship for patients and their families in the United States. Using data from the LIVESTRONG 2012 survey of 4,719 cancer survivors ages 18-64, we examined the proportions of survivors who reported going into debt or filing for bankruptcy as a result of cancer, as well as the amount of debt incurred. Approximately one-third of the survivors had gone into debt, and 3 percent had filed for bankruptcy. Of those who had gone into debt, 55 percent incurred obligations of $10,000 or more. Cancer survivors who were younger, had lower incomes, and had public health insurance were more likely to go into debt or file for bankruptcy, compared to those who were older, had higher incomes, and had private insurance, respectively. Future longitudinal population-based studies are needed to improve understanding of financial hardship among US working-age cancer survivors throughout the cancer care trajectory and, ultimately, to help stakeholders develop evidence-based interventions and policies to reduce the financial hardship of cancer. C1 [Banegas, Matthew P.] Kaiser Permanente Ctr Hlth Res, Portland, OR USA. [Guy, Gery P., Jr.] Centers Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [de Moor, Janet S.; Yabroff, K. Robin] NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Ekwueme, Donatus U.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Virgo, Katherine S.] Emory Univ, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Kent, Erin E.] NCI, Outcomes Res Branch, Appl Res Program, Healthcare Delivery Res Program,Div Canc Control, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Nutt, Stephanie] LIVESTRONG Fdn, Austin, TX USA. [Zheng, Zhiyuan] Amer Canc Soc, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Rechis, Ruth] LIVESTRONG Fdn, Programs & Strategy, Austin, TX USA. RP Banegas, MP (reprint author), Kaiser Permanente Ctr Hlth Res, Portland, OR USA. EM Matthew.P.Banegas@kpchr.org NR 50 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 5 PU PROJECT HOPE PI BETHESDA PA 7500 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, STE 600, BETHESDA, MD 20814-6133 USA SN 0278-2715 J9 HEALTH AFFAIR JI Health Aff. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 35 IS 1 BP 54 EP 61 DI 10.1377/hlthaff.2015.0830 PG 8 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA DD1PV UT WOS:000369694700008 PM 26733701 ER PT J AU Tinoco, YO Montgomery, JM Kasper, MR Nelson, MI Razuri, H Guezala, MC Azziz-Baumgartner, E Widdowson, MA Barnes, J Gilman, RH Bausch, DG Gonzalez, AE AF Tinoco, Yeny O. Montgomery, Joel M. Kasper, Mathew R. Nelson, Martha I. Razuri, Hugo Guezala, Maria C. Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo Widdowson, Marc-Alain Barnes, John Gilman, Robert H. Bausch, Daniel G. Gonzalez, Armando E. TI Transmission dynamics of pandemic influenza A(H1N1) pdm09 virus in humans and swine in backyard farms in Tumbes, Peru SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article DE Antibodies; backyard pig farms; human-animal transmission; influenza ID H1N1 2009 VIRUS; A VIRUS; PIGS; REASSORTMENT; EMERGENCE; OUTBREAK; ARGENTINA; INFECTION; KOREA AB Objectives We aimed to determine the frequency of pH1N1 transmission between humans and swine on backyard farms in Tumbes, Peru. Design Two-year serial cross-sectional study comprising four sampling periods: March 2009 (pre-pandemic), October 2009 (peak of the pandemic in Peru), April 2010 (1st post-pandemic period), and October 2011 (2nd post-pandemic period). Sample Backyard swine serum, tracheal swabs, and lung sample were collected during each sampling period. Main outcome measures We assessed current and past pH1N1 infection in swine through serological testing, virus culture, and RTPCR and compared the results with human incidence data from a population-based active surveillance cohort study in Peru. Results Among 1303 swine sampled, the antibody prevalence to pH1N1 was 0% pre-pandemic, 8% at the peak of the human pandemic (October 2009), and 24% in April 2010 and 1% in October 2011 (post-pandemic sampling periods). Trends in swine seropositivity paralleled those seen in humans in Tumbes. The pH1N1 virus was isolated from three pigs during the peak of the pandemic. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these viruses likely represent two separate human-to-swine transmission events in backyard farm settings. Conclusions Our findings suggest that human-to-swine pH1N1 transmission occurred during the pandemic among backyard farms in Peru, emphasizing the importance of interspecies transmission in backyard pig populations. Continued surveillance for influenza viruses in backyard farms is warranted. C1 [Tinoco, Yeny O.; Montgomery, Joel M.; Kasper, Mathew R.; Razuri, Hugo; Guezala, Maria C.; Bausch, Daniel G.] US Naval, Med Res Unit 6, Lima, Peru. [Tinoco, Yeny O.; Gilman, Robert H.] Johns Hopkins Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Montgomery, Joel M.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Hlth Protect, Nairobi, Kenya. [Nelson, Martha I.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo; Widdowson, Marc-Alain; Barnes, John] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bausch, Daniel G.] Tulane Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, New Orleans, LA USA. [Gonzalez, Armando E.] San Marcos Univ, Sch Vet, Lima, Peru. RP Tinoco, YO (reprint author), US Embassy Lima, NAMRU 6, Ctr Med Naval Av Venezuela Cdra 36 S-N, Callao 2, Peru. EM ytinoco1@jhu.edu FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [23981]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System; NIH/NSF 'Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Diseases' award from the Fogarty International Center at the U.S. National Institutes of Health [3R01-TW005869]; Fogarty International Center [D43-TW001140)002E] FX We thank Hugo Garcia and Ayvar Viterbo from CEP in Peru and Maria Silva, Karen Segovia, and Bruno Ghersi from NAMRU-6, for their valuable assistance. Work performed in this study was supported by funding from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (23981), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System, the NIH/NSF 'Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Diseases' award from the Fogarty International Center at the U.S. National Institutes of Health (3R01-TW005869), and a training grant from the Fogarty International Center (D43-TW001140)002E. NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1750-2640 EI 1750-2659 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD JAN PY 2016 VL 10 IS 1 BP 47 EP 56 DI 10.1111/irv.12329 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA DD9BS UT WOS:000370221300007 PM 26011186 ER PT J AU Maule, AL Proctor, SP Blount, BC Chambers, DM McClean, MD AF Maule, Alexis L. Proctor, Susan P. Blount, Benjamin C. Chambers, David M. McClean, Michael D. TI Volatile Organic Compounds in Blood as Biomarkers of Exposure to JP-8 Jet Fuel Among US Air Force Personnel SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID INHALATION EXPOSURE; URINARY BIOMARKERS; DERMAL EXPOSURE; POPULATION; SMOKING; JP8 AB Objective: This study aimed to evaluate blood volatile organic compound (VOC) levels as biomarkers of occupational jet propulsion fuel 8 (JP-8) exposure while controlling for smoking. Methods: Among 69 Air Force personnel, post-shift blood samples were analyzed for components of JP-8, including ethylbenzene, toluene, o-xylene, and m/p-xylene, and for the smoking biomarker, 2,5-dimethylfuran. JP-8 exposure was characterized based on self-report and measured work shift levels of total hydrocarbons in personal air. Multivariate regression was used to evaluate the relationship between JP-8 exposure and post-shift blood VOCs while controlling for potential confounding from smoking. Results: Blood VOC concentrations were higher among US Air Force personnel who reported JP-8 exposure and work shift smoking. Breathing zone total hydrocarbons was a significant predictor of VOC blood levels, after controlling for smoking. Conclusions: These findings support the use of blood VOCs as a biomarker of occupational JP-8 exposure. C1 [Maule, Alexis L.; Proctor, Susan P.; McClean, Michael D.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Natick, MA USA. [Maule, Alexis L.; Proctor, Susan P.] US Army, Environm Med Res Inst, Div Mil Performance, 10 Gen Greene Ave,Bldg 42, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Proctor, Susan P.] Vet Affairs Boston Healthcare Syst, Boston, MA USA. [Blount, Benjamin C.; Chambers, David M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Maule, AL (reprint author), US Army, Environm Med Res Inst, Div Mil Performance, 10 Gen Greene Ave,Bldg 42, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM alexis.l.maule.ctr@mail.mil FU US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command [W81XWH-06-1-0105] FX This work was supported by the US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command through a grant award (W81XWH-06-1-0105; principal investigator: SPP) to the Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1076-2752 EI 1536-5948 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 58 IS 1 BP 24 EP 29 DI 10.1097/JOM.0000000000000611 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DD8VC UT WOS:000370204000005 PM 26716845 ER PT J AU Khan, NM Jentes, ES Brown, C Han, P Rao, SR Kozarsky, P Hagmann, SHF LaRocque, RC Ryan, ET AF Khan, Nomana M. Jentes, Emily S. Brown, Clive Han, Pauline Rao, Sowmya R. Kozarsky, Phyllis Hagmann, Stefan H. F. LaRocque, Regina C. Ryan, Edward T. CA Global TravEpiNet Consortium GTEN TI Pre-Travel Medical Preparation of Business and Occupational Travelers An Analysis of the Global TravEpiNet Consortium, 2009 to 2012 SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID GEOSENTINEL SURVEILLANCE NETWORK; INTERNATIONAL TRAVELERS; CORPORATE TRAVELER; AIRPORT SURVEY; HEPATITIS-A; RISK; KNOWLEDGE; ATTITUDES; HEALTH; DESTINATIONS AB Objectives: The aim of the study was to understand more about pre-travel preparations and itineraries of business and occupational travelers. Methods: De-identified data from 18 Global TravEpiNet clinics from January 2009 to December 2012 were analyzed. Results: Of 23,534 travelers, 61% were non-occupational and 39% occupational. Business travelers were more likely to be men, had short times to departure and shorter trip durations, and commonly refused influenza, meningococcal, and hepatitis B vaccines. Most business travelers indicated that employers suggested the pre-travel health consultation, whereas non-occupational travelers sought consultations because of travel health concerns. Conclusions: Sub-groups of occupational travelers have characteristic profiles, with business travelers being particularly distinct. Employers play a role in encouraging business travelers to seek pre-travel consultations. Such consultations, even if scheduled immediately before travel, can identify vaccination gaps and increase coverage. C1 [Khan, Nomana M.; Jentes, Emily S.; Brown, Clive; Han, Pauline; Kozarsky, Phyllis] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-03, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Rao, Sowmya R.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Quantitat Hlth Sci, Worcester, MA USA. [Rao, Sowmya R.] Bedford VA Med Ctr, Ctr Hlth Qual, Outcomes & Econ Res, Bedford, MA USA. [Hagmann, Stefan H. F.] Bronx Lebanon Hosp Ctr, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Bronx, NY 10456 USA. [Hagmann, Stefan H. F.] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [LaRocque, Regina C.; Ryan, Edward T.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Travelers Advice & Immunizat Ctr, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [LaRocque, Regina C.; Ryan, Edward T.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. RP Jentes, ES (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-03, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM efj8@cdc.gov FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U19CI000514, U01CK000175] FX This work was supported by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Grants U19CI000514 and U01CK000175. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1076-2752 EI 1536-5948 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 58 IS 1 BP 76 EP 82 DI 10.1097/JOM.0000000000000602 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DD8VC UT WOS:000370204000013 PM 26479857 ER PT J AU Crossland, NA Ali, I Higbie, C Jackson, J Pirie, G Bauer, R AF Crossland, Nicholas A. Ali, Ibne Higbie, Christine Jackson, Jonathan Pirie, Gordon Bauer, Rudy TI Neurologic amebiasis caused by Balamuthia mandrillaris in an Indian flying fox (Pteropus giganteus) SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Ameba; bats; Balamuthia mandrillaris; encephalitis; suborder Megachiroptera ID NAEGLERIA-FOWLERI; ACANTHAMOEBA SPP.; LEPTOMYXID-AMEBA; MENINGOENCEPHALITIS; BRAIN; ENCEPHALITIS; INFECTION; SYSTEM; AGENT; BATS AB A 4-5-month-old intact male Indian flying fox (Pteropus giganteus) was presented to the Baton Rouge Zoo's veterinary hospital with an acute onset of obtundation that was diagnosed with amebic encephalitis. Histologic examination revealed numerous amebic trophozoites within necrotic foci, affecting the occipital cerebrum and surrounding the mesencephalic aqueduct. The etiologic agent, Balamuthia mandrillaris, was determined by multiplex quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry, and indirect fluorescent antibody test. The current report documented a case of amebic encephalitis within the order Chiroptera. C1 [Crossland, Nicholas A.; Bauer, Rudy] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Sch Vet Med, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Higbie, Christine] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Vet Clin Sci, Sch Vet Med, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Crossland, Nicholas A.; Bauer, Rudy] Louisiana State Univ, Louisiana Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, River Rd, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Ali, Ibne; Jackson, Jonathan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pirie, Gordon] Baton Rouge Zoo, Baton Rouge, LA USA. RP Crossland, NA (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Louisiana Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, River Rd, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM ncross6@tigers.lsu.edu NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1040-6387 EI 1943-4936 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 28 IS 1 BP 54 EP 58 DI 10.1177/1040638715614346 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA DD5JB UT WOS:000369958400008 PM 26762405 ER PT J AU Marchetta, CM Hamner, HC AF Marchetta, Claire M. Hamner, Heather C. TI Blood folate concentrations among women of childbearing age by race/ethnicity and acculturation, NHANES 2001-2010 SO MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE acculturation; folate biomarkers; Mexican Americans; NHANES; red blood cell folate; serum folate ID MEXICAN-AMERICAN WOMEN; NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; BIO-RAD RADIOASSAY; CORN MASA FLOUR; UNITED-STATES; FOLIC-ACID; MICROBIOLOGIC ASSAY; DIETARY ASSESSMENT; HISPANIC WOMEN; SPINA-BIFIDA AB Hispanic women have higher rates of neural tube defects and report lower total folic acid intakes than non-Hispanic white (NHW) women. Total folic acid intake, which is associated with neural tube defect risk reduction, has been found to vary by acculturation factors (i.e. language preference, country of origin, or time spent in the United States) among Hispanic women. It is unknown whether this same association is present for blood folate status. The objective of this research was to assess the differences in serum and red blood cell (RBC) folate concentrations between NHW women and Mexican American (MA) women and among MA women by acculturation factors. Cross-sectional data from the 2001-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were used to investigate how blood folate concentrations differ among NHW or MA women of childbearing age. The impact of folic acid supplement use on blood folate concentrations was also examined. MA women with lower acculturation factors had lower serum and RBC folate concentrations compared with NHW women and to their more acculturated MA counterparts. Consuming a folic acid supplement can minimize these disparities, but MA women, especially lower acculturated MA women, were less likely to report using supplements. Public health efforts to increase blood folate concentrations among MA women should consider acculturation factors when identifying appropriate interventions. C1 [Marchetta, Claire M.; Hamner, Heather C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, CDC, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Marchetta, Claire M.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Hamner, HC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, CDC, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hfc2@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1740-8695 EI 1740-8709 J9 MATERN CHILD NUTR JI Matern. Child Nutr. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 12 IS 1 BP 39 EP 50 DI 10.1111/mcn.12134 PG 12 WC Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics SC Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics GA DD5EU UT WOS:000369946300004 PM 24934272 ER PT J AU Hansen, C Interrante, JD Ailes, EC Frey, MT Broussard, CS Godoshian, VJ Lewis, C Polen, KND Garcia, AP Gilboa, SM AF Hansen, Craig Interrante, Julia D. Ailes, Elizabeth C. Frey, Meghan T. Broussard, Cheryl S. Godoshian, Valerie J. Lewis, Courtney Polen, Kara N. D. Garcia, Amanda P. Gilboa, Suzanne M. TI Assessment of YouTube videos as a source of information on medication use in pregnancy SO PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY LA English DT Article DE YouTube; medications; pregnancy; social media; drug safety; pharmacoepidemiology ID WEB; DRUGS AB Background When making decisions about medication use in pregnancy, women consult many information sources, including the Internet. The aim of this study was to assess the content of publicly accessible YouTube videos that discuss medication use in pregnancy. Methods Using 2023 distinct combinations of search terms related to medications and pregnancy, we extracted metadata from YouTube videos using a YouTube video Application Programming Interface. Relevant videos were defined as those with a medication search term and a pregnancy-related search term in either the video title or description. We viewed relevant videos and abstracted content from each video into a database. We documented whether videos implied each medication to be "safe" or "unsafe" in pregnancy and compared that assessment with the medication's Teratogen Information System (TERIS) rating. Results After viewing 651 videos, 314 videos with information about medication use in pregnancy were available for the final analyses. The majority of videos were from law firms (67%), television segments (10%), or physicians (8%). Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) were the most common medication class named (225 videos, 72%), and 88% of videos about SSRIs indicated that they were unsafe for use in pregnancy. However, the TERIS ratings for medication products in this class range from "unlikely" to "minimal" teratogenic risk. Conclusion For the majority of medications, current YouTube video content does not adequately reflect what is known about the safety of their use in pregnancy and should be interpreted cautiously. However, YouTube could serve as a platform for communicating evidence-based medication safety information. Copyright (C) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Hansen, Craig] South Australian Hlth & Med Res Inst, POB 11060, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia. [Hansen, Craig; Interrante, Julia D.; Ailes, Elizabeth C.; Frey, Meghan T.; Broussard, Cheryl S.; Godoshian, Valerie J.; Lewis, Courtney; Polen, Kara N. D.; Garcia, Amanda P.; Gilboa, Suzanne M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Interrante, Julia D.; Garcia, Amanda P.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Godoshian, Valerie J.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Hansen, C (reprint author), South Australian Hlth & Med Res Inst, POB 11060, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia. EM craig.hansen@sahmri.com FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1053-8569 EI 1099-1557 J9 PHARMACOEPIDEM DR S JI Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 25 IS 1 BP 35 EP 44 DI 10.1002/pds.3911 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA DD6TI UT WOS:000370057000006 PM 26541372 ER PT J AU Farahani, M Price, N El-Halabi, S Mlaudzi, N Keapoletswe, K Lebelonyane, R Fetogang, EB Chebani, T Kebaabetswe, P Masupe, T Gabaake, K Auld, A Nkomazana, O Marlink, R AF Farahani, Mansour Price, Natalie El-Halabi, Shenaaz Mlaudzi, Naledi Keapoletswe, Koona Lebelonyane, Refeletswe Fetogang, Ernest Benny Chebani, Tony Kebaabetswe, Poloko Masupe, Tiny Gabaake, Keba Auld, Andrew Nkomazana, Oathokwa Marlink, Richard TI Variation in attrition at subnational level: review of the Botswana National HIV/AIDS Treatment (Masa) programme data (2002-2013) SO TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE HIV; attrition; antiretroviral therapy; marginal structural model; multilevel; Botswana ID SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; HEALTH; MORTALITY; PROBABILITY; COUNTRIES; ART AB OBJECTIVE To evaluate the variation in all-cause attrition [mortality and loss to follow-up (LTFU)] among HIV-infected individuals in Botswana by health district during the rapid and massive scale-up of the National Treatment Program. METHODS Analysis of routinely collected longitudinal data from 226 030 patients who received ART through the Botswana National HIV/AIDS Treatment Program across all 24 health districts from 2002 to 2013. A time-to-event analysis was used to measure crude mortality and loss to follow-up rates (LTFU). A marginal structural model was used to evaluate mortality and LTFU rates by district over time, adjusted for individual-level risk factors (e.g. age, gender, baseline CD4, year of treatment initiation and antiretroviral regimen). RESULTS Mortality rates in the districts ranged from the lowest 1.0 (95% CI 0.9-1.1) in Selibe-Phikwe, to the highest 5.0 (95% CI 4.0-6.1), in Mabutsane. There was a wide range of overall LTFU across districts, including rates as low as 4.6 (95% CI 4.4-4.9) losses per 100 person-years in Ngamiland, and 5.9 (95% CI 5.6-6.2) losses per 100 person-years in South East district, to rates as high as 25.4 (95% CI 23.08-27.89) losses per 100 person-years in Mabutsane and 46.3 (95% CI 43.48-49.23) losses per 100 person-years in Okavango. Even when known risk factors for mortality and LTFU were adjusted for, district was a significant predictor of both mortality and LTFU rates. CONCLUSION We found statistically significant variation in attrition (mortality and LTFU) and data quality among districts. These findings suggest that district-level contextual factors affect retention in treatment. Further research needs to investigate factors that can potentially cause this variation. C1 [Farahani, Mansour; Price, Natalie; Marlink, Richard] Harvard Univ, TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, 651 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [El-Halabi, Shenaaz; Mlaudzi, Naledi; Keapoletswe, Koona; Lebelonyane, Refeletswe; Fetogang, Ernest Benny; Chebani, Tony] Minist Hlth, Gaborone, Botswana. [Kebaabetswe, Poloko; Masupe, Tiny; Gabaake, Keba; Nkomazana, Oathokwa] Univ Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana. [Auld, Andrew] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Farahani, M (reprint author), Harvard Univ, TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, 651 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM mfarahan@hsph.harvard.edu FU Botswana Ministry of Health; Department of Health Policy, Development, Monitoring and Evaluation; Monitoring and Evaluation Division; President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX We would like to acknowledge Mr. Bud Bowen at the US Centers for Disease Control for his support on this project. We would also like to acknowledge the support of the Botswana Ministry of Health, specifically those at the Department of HIV/AIDS Prevention and Care, and the Department of Health Policy, Development, Monitoring and Evaluation, including the Monitoring and Evaluation Division. This research was supported by the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1360-2276 EI 1365-3156 J9 TROP MED INT HEALTH JI Trop. Med. Int. Health PD JAN PY 2016 VL 21 IS 1 BP 18 EP 27 DI 10.1111/tmi.12623 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA DD5FX UT WOS:000369949200002 PM 26485172 ER PT J AU Waku-Kouomou, D Esona, MD Pukuta, E Gouandijka-Vasilache, I Boula, A Dahl, BA Mondonge, V Mekontso, D Guifara, G Mbary-Daba, R Lewis, J Yahaya, AA Mwenda, JM Cavallaro, KF Gody, JC Muyembe, JJ Koki-Ndombo, P Bowen, MD AF Waku-Kouomou, Diane Esona, Mathew D. Pukuta, Elizabeth Gouandijka-Vasilache, Ionela Boula, Angeline Dahl, Benjamin A. Mondonge, Vital Mekontso, David Guifara, Gilbert Mbary-Daba, Regis Lewis, Jamie Yahaya, Ali Ahmed Mwenda, Jason M. Cavallaro, Kathleen F. Gody, Jean Chrysostome Muyembe, Jean-Jacques Koki-Ndombo, Paul Bowen, Michael D. TI Strengthening laboratory capacity through the surveillance of rotavirus gastroenteritis in Central Africa: the Surveillance Epidemiologique en Afrique Centrale (SURVAC) Project SO TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE laboratory; capacity; Central Africa; rotavirus ID MOLECULAR SURVEILLANCE; HEALTH SYSTEMS; INFECTION; NETWORK; BANGUI AB OBJECTIVES The goal of the SURVAC pilot project was to strengthen disease surveillance and response in three countries; Cameroon (CAE), Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and Central African Republic (CAR). METHODS Seven laboratories involved in rotavirus surveillance were provided with equipment, reagents and supplies. CDC and WHO staff provided on-site classroom and bench training in biosafety, quality assurance, quality control (QC), rotavirus diagnosis using Enzyme Immunoassay (EIA) and genotyping of rotavirus strains using the Reverse Transcription Polymerase-chain reaction (RT-PCR). All laboratory data were reported through WHO/AFRO. RESULTS Twenty-three staff members were trained on RT-PCR for rotavirus genotyping which was introduced for the first time in all three countries. In CAE, the number of samples analysed by EIA and RT-PCR increased tenfold between 2007 and 2013. In DRC, this number increased fivefold, from 2009 to 2013 whereas in CAR, it increased fourfold between 2011 and 2013. All laboratories passed WHO proficiency testing in 2014. CONCLUSION Laboratory capacity was strengthened through equipping laboratories and strengthening a subregional laboratory workforce for surveillance of rotavirus gastroenteritis. Each of the three countries generated rotavirus surveillance and genotyping data enabling the mapping of circulating genotypes. These results will help monitor the impact of rotavirus vaccination in these countries. C1 [Waku-Kouomou, Diane; Esona, Mathew D.; Lewis, Jamie; Bowen, Michael D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Pukuta, Elizabeth; Muyembe, Jean-Jacques] Inst Natl Rech Biomed, Kinshasa, Zaire. [Gouandijka-Vasilache, Ionela] Inst Pasteur, Bangui, Cent Afr Republ. [Boula, Angeline; Koki-Ndombo, Paul] Chantal Biya Fdn, Mother & Child Ctr, Yaounde, Cameroon. [Dahl, Benjamin A.; Cavallaro, Kathleen F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mondonge, Vital] World Hlth Org Country Off Democrat Republ Congo, Kinshasa, Zaire. [Mekontso, David] World Hlth Org Country Off Cameroon, Yaounde, Cameroon. [Guifara, Gilbert; Mbary-Daba, Regis] World Hlth Org Country Off Cent African Republ, Bangui, Cent Afr Republ. [Yahaya, Ali Ahmed; Mwenda, Jason M.] World Hlth Org Reg Off, Brazzaville, Congo. [Gody, Jean Chrysostome] Complexe Pediat Bangui, Bangui, Cent Afr Republ. RP Waku-Kouomou, D (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C-22, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM irf6@cdc.gov FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation through the SURVAC Project; World Health Organization; U.S. Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention; CDC Foundation; Pasteur Institute of Bangui, Bangui, Central African Republic; Ministry of Health of the Central African Republic, Cameroon and Democratic Republic of the Congo; Mother and Child Center, Chantal Biya Foundation, Yaounde Cameroon FX Funding for this work was provided by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation through the SURVAC Project, the World Health Organization, the U.S. Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention, the CDC Foundation, the Pasteur Institute of Bangui, Bangui, Central African Republic, the Ministry of Health of the Central African Republic, Cameroon and Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Mother and Child Center, Chantal Biya Foundation, Yaounde Cameroon. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and World Health Organization. Names of specific vendors, manufacturers or products are included for public health and informational purposes; inclusion does not imply endorsement of the vendors, manufacturers or products by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the US Department of Health and Human Services and World Health Organization. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1360-2276 EI 1365-3156 J9 TROP MED INT HEALTH JI Trop. Med. Int. Health PD JAN PY 2016 VL 21 IS 1 BP 122 EP 130 DI 10.1111/tmi.12631 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA DD5FX UT WOS:000369949200014 PM 26523367 ER PT J AU Cavanaugh, JS Kurbatova, E Alami, NN Mangan, J Sultana, Z Ahmed, S Begum, V Sultana, S Daru, P Ershova, J Golubkov, A Banu, S Heffelfinger, JD AF Cavanaugh, Joseph S. Kurbatova, Ekaterina Alami, Negar N. Mangan, Joan Sultana, Zinia Ahmed, Shahriar Begum, Vikarunessa Sultana, Sabera Daru, Paul Ershova, Julia Golubkov, Alexander Banu, Sayera Heffelfinger, James D. TI Evaluation of community-based treatment for drug-resistant tuberculosis in Bangladesh SO TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Tuberculosis drug-resistance community treatment Bangladesh ID MDR-TB TREATMENT AB OBJECTIVE Drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) threatens global TB control because it is difficult to diagnose and treat. Community-based programmatic management of drug-resistant TB (cPMDT) has made therapy easier for patients, but data on these models are scarce. Bangladesh initiated cPMDT in 2012, and in 2013, we sought to evaluate programme performance. METHODS In this retrospective review, we abstracted demographic, clinical, microbiologic and treatment outcome data for all patients enrolled in the cPMDT programme over 6 months in three districts of Bangladesh. We interviewed a convenience sample of patients about their experience in the programme. RESULTS Chart review was performed on 77 patients. Sputum smears and cultures were performed, on average, once every 1.35 and 1.36 months, respectively. Among 74 initially culture-positive patients, 70 (95%) converted their cultures and 69 (93%) patients converted the cultures before the sixth month. Fifty-two (68%) patients had evidence of screening for adverse events. We found written documentation of musculoskeletal complaints for 16 (21%) patients, gastrointestinal adverse events for 16 (21%), hearing loss for eight (10%) and psychiatric events for four (5%) patients; conversely, on interview of 60 patients, 55 (92%) reported musculoskeletal complaints, 54 (90%) reported nausea, 36 (60%) reported hearing loss, and 36 (60%) reported psychiatric disorders. CONCLUSIONS The cPMDT programme in Bangladesh appears to be programmatically feasible and clinically effective; however, inadequate monitoring of adverse events raises some concern. As the programme is brought to scale nationwide, renewed efforts at monitoring adverse events should be prioritised. C1 [Cavanaugh, Joseph S.; Kurbatova, Ekaterina; Alami, Negar N.; Mangan, Joan; Ershova, Julia; Heffelfinger, James D.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Sultana, Zinia; Ahmed, Shahriar; Banu, Sayera] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Begum, Vikarunessa; Sultana, Sabera] WHO, Bangladesh Country Off, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Daru, Paul] Univ Res Co, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Golubkov, Alexander] US Agcy Int Dev, Washington, DC 20523 USA. RP Cavanaugh, JS (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hgi7@cdc.gov OI Ahmed, Shahriar/0000-0002-8833-4130 FU US CDC using USAID funds FX We thank the patients being treated for MDR TB in Bangladesh, and the providers and clinicians caring for them. The findings and conclusions presented in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) or of the US Agency for International Develeopment (USAID). This was a collaborative study by the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases, Bangladesh, US CDC, the University Research Company and WHO Bangladesh. Funding was provided by the US CDC using USAID funds. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1360-2276 EI 1365-3156 J9 TROP MED INT HEALTH JI Trop. Med. Int. Health PD JAN PY 2016 VL 21 IS 1 BP 131 EP 139 DI 10.1111/tmi.12625 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA DD5FX UT WOS:000369949200015 PM 26489698 ER PT J AU Ahluwalia, N Dwyer, J Terry, A Moshfegh, A Johnson, C AF Ahluwalia, Namanjeet Dwyer, Johanna Terry, Ana Moshfegh, Alanna Johnson, Clifford TI Update on NHANES Dietary Data: Focus on Collection, Release, Analytical Considerations, and Uses to Inform Public Policy SO ADVANCES IN NUTRITION LA English DT Review DE dietary assessment; epidemiology; nutritional surveillance; public policy; nutrition databases; usual intake; nutrition policy ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; HEALTHY EATING INDEX-2005; INTAKE DISTRIBUTIONS; NATIONAL-HEALTH; 24-HOUR RECALL; ENERGY; CHILDREN; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INSTRUMENTS; POPULATIONS AB NHANES is the cornerstone for national nutrition monitoring to inform nutrition and health policy. Nutritional assessment in NHANES is described with a focus on dietary data collection, analysis, and uses in nutrition monitoring. NHANES has been collecting thorough data on diet, nutritional status, and chronic disease in cross-sectional surveys with nationally representative samples since the early 1970s. Continuous data collection began in 1999 with public data release in 2-y cycles on; similar to 10,000 participants. In 2002, the Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals and the NHANES dietary component weremerged, forming a consolidated dietary data collection known asWhatWe Eat in America; since then, 24-h recalls have been collected on 2 d using the USDA's Automated Multiple-Pass Method. Detailed and targeted food-frequency questionnaires have been collected in some NHANES cycles. Dietary supplement use data have been collected (in detail since 2007) so that total nutrient intakes can be described for the population. The continuous NHANES can adapt its content to address emerging public health needs and reflect federal priorities. Changes in data collection methods are made after expert input and validation/ crossover studies. NHANES dietary data are used to describe intake of foods, nutrients, food groups, and dietary patterns by the US population and large sociodemographic groups to plan and evaluate nutrition programs and policies. Usual dietary intake distributions can be estimated after adjusting for day-to-day variation. NHANES remains open and flexible to incorporate improvements while maintaining data quality and providing timely data to track the nation's nutrition and health status. In summary, NHANES collects dietary data in the context of its broad, multipurpose goals; the strengths and limitations of these data are also discussed in this review. C1 [Ahluwalia, Namanjeet; Terry, Ana; Johnson, Clifford] CDC, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Natl Hlth & Nutr Examinat Survey, Hyattsville, MD USA. [Dwyer, Johanna] NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Moshfegh, Alanna] USDA, Food Surveys Res Grp, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Ahluwalia, N (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Natl Hlth & Nutr Examinat Survey, Hyattsville, MD USA. EM n.ahluwalia@cdc.gov NR 70 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 7 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2161-8313 EI 2156-5376 J9 ADV NUTR JI Adv. Nutr. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 7 IS 1 BP 121 EP 134 DI 10.3945/an.115.009258 PG 14 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA DC3HX UT WOS:000369111500012 PM 26773020 ER PT J AU McMullan, LK Flint, M Dyall, J Albarino, C Olinger, GG Foster, S Sethna, P Hensley, LE Nichol, ST Lanier, ER Spiropoulou, CF AF McMullan, Laura K. Flint, Mike Dyall, Julie Albarino, Cesar Olinger, Gene G. Foster, Scott Sethna, Phiroze Hensley, Lisa E. Nichol, Stuart T. Lanier, E. Randall Spiropoulou, Christina F. TI The lipid moiety of brincidofovir is required for in vitro antiviral activity against Ebola virus SO ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Ebola; Antiviral therapy; In vitro screen; Brincidofovir ID CYTOMEGALOVIRUS DNA-POLYMERASE; HIGH-THROUGHPUT; CIDOFOVIR DIPHOSPHATE; T-705 FAVIPIRAVIR; INFECTION; INHIBITORS; OUTBREAK; DISEASE; PLASMA; MODEL AB Brincidofovir (BCV) is the 3-hexadecyloxy-l-propanol (HDP) lipid conjugate of the acyclic nucleoside phosphonate cidofovir (CDV). BCV has established broad-spectrum activity against double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) viruses; however, its activity against RNA viruses has been less thoroughly evaluated. Here, we report that BCV inhibited infection of Ebola virus in multiple human cell lines. Unlike the mechanism of action for BCV against cytomegalovirus and other dsDNA viruses, phosphorylation of CDV to the diphosphate form appeared unnecessary. Instead, antiviral activity required the lipid moiety and in vitro activity against EBOV was observed for several HDP-nucleotide conjugates. (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [McMullan, Laura K.; Flint, Mike; Albarino, Cesar; Nichol, Stuart T.; Spiropoulou, Christina F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dyall, Julie; Olinger, Gene G.; Hensley, Lisa E.] NIAID, Integrated Res Facil, NIH, Frederick, MD USA. [Foster, Scott; Sethna, Phiroze; Lanier, E. Randall] Chimerix, Durham, NC USA. RP Spiropoulou, CF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-14, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ccs8@cdc.gov FU Division of Intramural Research of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID); Integrated Research Facility, Division of Clinical Research, NIAID; Battelle Memorial Institute (BMI); NIAID [HHSN272200700016I] FX We thank Tanya Klimova for assistance with editing this manuscript and Robert Hart for analytical chemistry support. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. SF, PS and ERL are employees of Chimerix. This work was supported by the Division of Intramural Research of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID); Integrated Research Facility, Division of Clinical Research, NIAID; and Battelle Memorial Institute's (BMI) prime contract with NIAID (Contract # HHSN272200700016I). J.D. performed this work as employee of Tunnell Consulting, Inc. a subcontractor to BMI. G.G.O. Jr performed this work as employee of Midwest Research Institute a subcontractor to BMI. NR 22 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-3542 EI 1872-9096 J9 ANTIVIR RES JI Antiviral Res. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 125 BP 71 EP 78 DI 10.1016/j.antiviral.2015.10.010 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA DC4PX UT WOS:000369203900011 PM 26526586 ER PT J AU Zhao, S Tyson, GH Chen, Y Li, C Mukherjee, S Young, S Lam, C Folster, JP Whichard, JM McDermott, PF AF Zhao, S. Tyson, G. H. Chen, Y. Li, C. Mukherjee, S. Young, S. Lam, C. Folster, J. P. Whichard, J. M. McDermott, P. F. TI Whole-Genome Sequencing Analysis Accurately Predicts Antimicrobial Resistance Phenotypes in Campylobacter spp. SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MACROLIDE RESISTANCE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; BETA-LACTAMASE; AGAR DILUTION; TETRACYCLINE RESISTANCE; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; BROTH MICRODILUTION; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; C-JEJUNI; GENES AB The objectives of this study were to identify antimicrobial resistance genotypes for Campylobacter and to evaluate the correlation between resistance phenotypes and genotypes using in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing and whole-genome sequencing (WGS). A total of 114 Campylobacter species isolates (82 C. coli and 32 C. jejuni) obtained from 2000 to 2013 from humans, retail meats, and cecal samples from food production animals in the United States as part of the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System were selected for study. Resistance phenotypes were determined using broth microdilution of nine antimicrobials. Genomic DNA was sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq platform, and resistance genotypes were identified using assembled WGS sequences through blastx analysis. Eighteen resistance genes, including tet(O), bla(OXA-61), catA, lnu(C), aph(2 '')-Ib, aph(2 '')-Ic, aph(2')-If, aph(2 '')-Ig, aph(2 '')-Ih, aac(6')-Ie-aph(2 '')-Ia, aac(6')-Ie-aph(2 '')-If, aac(6')-Im, aadE, sat4, ant(6'), aad9, aph(3')-Ic, and aph(3')-IIIa, and mutations in two housekeeping genes (gyrA and 23S rRNA) were identified. There was a high degree of correlation between phenotypic resistance to a given drug and the presence of one or more corresponding resistance genes. Phenotypic and genotypic correlation was 100% for tetracycline, ciprofloxacin/nalidixic acid, and erythromycin, and correlations ranged from 95.4% to 98.7% for gentamicin, azithromycin, clindamycin, and telithromycin. All isolates were susceptible to florfenicol, and no genes associated with florfenicol resistance were detected. There was a strong correlation (99.2%) between resistance genotypes and phenotypes, suggesting that WGS is a reliable indicator of resistance to the nine antimicrobial agents assayed in this study. WGS has the potential to be a powerful tool for antimicrobial resistance surveillance programs. C1 [Zhao, S.; Tyson, G. H.; Chen, Y.; Li, C.; Mukherjee, S.; Young, S.; Lam, C.; McDermott, P. F.] US FDA, Div Anim & Food Microbiol, Res Off, Ctr Vet Med, Laurel, MD USA. [Folster, J. P.; Whichard, J. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Zhao, S (reprint author), US FDA, Div Anim & Food Microbiol, Res Off, Ctr Vet Med, Laurel, MD USA. EM shaohua.zhao@fda.hhs.gov FU U.S. Food and Drug Administration FX This work was supported by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration with internal funds as part of routine work. NR 37 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 15 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 82 IS 2 BP 459 EP 466 DI 10.1128/AEM.02873-15 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA DC7BL UT WOS:000369373200005 PM 26519386 ER PT J AU White, RF Steele, L O'Callaghan, JP Sullivan, K Binns, JH Golomb, BA Bloom, FE Bunker, JA Crawford, F Graves, JC Hardie, A Klimas, N Knox, M Meggs, WJ Melling, J Philbert, MA Grashow, R AF White, Roberta F. Steele, Lea O'Callaghan, James P. Sullivan, Kimberly Binns, James H. Golomb, Beatrice A. Bloom, Floyd E. Bunker, James A. Crawford, Fiona Graves, Joel C. Hardie, Anthony Klimas, Nancy Knox, Marguerite Meggs, William J. Melling, Jack Philbert, Martin A. Grashow, Rachel TI Recent research on Gulf War illness and other health problems in veterans of the 1991 Gulf War: Effects of toxicant exposures during deployment SO CORTEX LA English DT Review DE Gulf War illness; Pesticide; Organophosphates; Sarin; Cyclosarin; Veterans' health ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; CHRONIC MULTISYMPTOM ILLNESS; BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER; NEURALLY-MEDIATED HYPOTENSION; POPULATION-BASED-SAMPLE; SELF-REPORTED SYMPTOMS; US ARMY VETERANS; PERSIAN-GULF; PYRIDOSTIGMINE BROMIDE; RISK-FACTORS AB Veterans of Operation Desert Storm/Desert Shield - the 1991 Gulf War (GW) - are a unique population who returned from theater with multiple health complaints and disorders. Studies in the U.S. and elsewhere have consistently concluded that approximately 25-32% of this population suffers from a disorder characterized by symptoms that vary somewhat among individuals and include fatigue, headaches, cognitive dysfunction, musculoskeletal pain, and respiratory, gastrointestinal and dermatologic complaints. Gulf War illness (GWI) is the term used to describe this disorder. In addition, brain cancer occurs at increased rates in subgroups of GW veterans, as do neuropsychological and brain imaging abnormalities. Chemical exposures have become the focus of etiologic GWI research because nervous system symptoms are prominent and many neurotoxicants were present in theater, including organophosphates (OPs), carbamates, and other pesticides; sarin/cyclosarin nerve agents, and pyridostigmine bromide (PB) medications used as prophylaxis against chemical warfare attacks. Psychiatric etiologies have been ruled out. This paper reviews the recent literature on the health of 1991 GW veterans, focusing particularly on the central nervous system and on effects of toxicant exposures. In addition, it emphasizes research published since 2008, following on an exhaustive review that was published in that year that summarizes the prior literature (RACGWI, 2008). We conclude that exposure to pesticides and/or to PB are causally associated with GWI and the neurological dysfunction in GW veterans. Exposure to sarin and cyclosarin and to oil well fire emissions are also associated with neurologically based health effects, though their contribution to development of the disorder known as GWI is less clear. Gene environment interactions are likely to have contributed to development of GWI in deployed veterans. The health consequences of chemical exposures in the GW and other conflicts have been called "toxic wounds" by veterans. This type of injury requires further study and concentrated treatment research efforts that may also benefit other occupational groups with similar exposure-related illnesses. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [White, Roberta F.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [Steele, Lea] Baylor Univ, Inst Biomed Studies, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [O'Callaghan, James P.] NIOSH, Mol Neurotoxicol Toxicol & Mol Biol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, MS 3014, Morgantown, WV USA. [Sullivan, Kimberly] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [Binns, James H.] Res Advisory Comm Gulf War Vet Illnesses, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Golomb, Beatrice A.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Bloom, Floyd E.] Scripps Res Inst, Mol & Integrat Neurosci Dept, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Bunker, James A.] Natl Gulf War Resource Ctr, Topeka, KS USA. [Crawford, Fiona] Roskamp Inst, TBI Res Program, Sarasota, FL USA. [Graves, Joel C.] US Army, Crestview, FL USA. [Hardie, Anthony] Vet Common Sense, Bradenton, FL USA. [Klimas, Nancy] Nova SE Univ, Inst Neuroimmune Med, Miami, FL USA. [Knox, Marguerite] McEntire Joint Natl Guard Base, Eastover, SC USA. [Meggs, William J.] E Carolina Univ, Sch Med, Brody Sch Med, Dept Emergency Med, 3ED311, Greenville, NC USA. [Melling, Jack] US Govt Accountabil Off, Salisbury, Wilts, England. [Philbert, Martin A.] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Grashow, Rachel] Northeastern Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP White, RF (reprint author), Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA USA. EM rwhite@bu.edu; Lea_Steele@baylor.edu; jdo5@cdc.gov; tty@bu.edu; Binns.Jim@gmail.com; bgolomb@popmail.ucsd.edu; fbloom@bloomsciassocs.net; desert-storm1991@outlook.com; fcrawford@RFDN.ORG; joelcgraves@gmail.com; anthony.d.hardie@gmail.com; nklimas@nova.edu; marguerite.l.knox.mil@mail.mil; meggsw@ecu.edu; jmelling@ptd.net; Philbert@umich.edu; r.grashow@neu.edu OI Sullivan, Kimberly/0000-0001-7940-6123 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 158 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 10 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER MASSON PI MILANO PA VIA PALEOCAPA 7, 20121 MILANO, ITALY SN 0010-9452 EI 1973-8102 J9 CORTEX JI Cortex PD JAN PY 2016 VL 74 BP 449 EP 475 DI 10.1016/j.cortex.2015.08.022 PG 27 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology GA DC8GS UT WOS:000369458500045 PM 26493934 ER PT J AU Cooper, HLF Linton, S Kelley, ME Ross, Z Wolfe, ME Chen, YT Zlotorzynska, M Hunter-Jones, J Friedman, SR Jarlais, DD Semaan, S Tempalski, B DiNenno, E Broz, D Wejnert, C Paz-Bailey, G AF Cooper, Hannah L. F. Linton, Sabriya Kelley, Mary E. Ross, Zev Wolfe, Mary E. Chen, Yen-Tyng Zlotorzynska, Maria Hunter-Jones, Josalin Friedman, Samuel R. Jarlais, Don Des Semaan, Salaam Tempalski, Barbara DiNenno, Elizabeth Broz, Dita Wejnert, Cyprian Paz-Bailey, Gabriela CA Natl HIV Behav Surveillance Study TI Racialized risk environments in a large sample of people who inject drugs in the United States SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG POLICY LA English DT Article DE Risk environments; Critical race theory; National HIV Behavioral Surveillance; Injection drug use; HIV; Residence characteristics ID BEHAVIORAL SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM; SELF-RATED HEALTH; SYRINGE EXCHANGE PROGRAMS; OLDER MEXICAN-AMERICANS; US METROPOLITAN-AREAS; NEW-YORK-CITY; HIV-INFECTION; RESIDENTIAL SEGREGATION; SPATIAL ACCESS; STERILE SYRINGES AB Background: Substantial racial/ethnic disparities exist in HIV infection among people who inject drugs (PWID) in many countries. To strengthen efforts to understand the causes of disparities in HIV-related outcomes and eliminate them, we expand the "Risk Environment Model" to encompass the construct "racialized risk environments," and investigate whether PWID risk environments in the United States are racialized. Specifically, we investigate whether black and Latino PWID are more likely than white PWID to live in places that create vulnerability to adverse HIV-related outcomes. Methods: As part of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National HIV Behavioral Surveillance, 9170 PWID were sampled from 19 metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) in 2009. Self reported data were used to ascertain PWID race/ethnicity. Using Census data and other administrative sources, we characterized features of PWID risk environments at four geographic scales (i.e., ZIP codes, counties, MSAs, and states). Means for each feature of the risk environment were computed for each racial/ethnic group of PWID, and were compared across racial/ethnic groups. Results: Almost universally across measures, black PWID were more likely than white PWID to live in environments associated with vulnerability to adverse HIV-related outcomes. Compared to white PWID, black PWID lived in ZIP codes with higher poverty rates and worse spatial access to substance abuse treatment and in counties with higher violent crime rates. Black PWID were less likely to live in states with laws facilitating sterile syringe access (e.g., laws permitting over-the-counter syringe sales). Latino/white differences in risk environments emerged at the MSA level (e.g., Latino PWID lived in MSAs with higher drug-related arrest rates). Conclusion: PWID risk environments in the US are racialized. Future research should explore the implications of this racialization for racial/ethnic disparities in HIV-related outcomes, using appropriate methods. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Cooper, Hannah L. F.; Linton, Sabriya; Kelley, Mary E.; Wolfe, Mary E.; Chen, Yen-Tyng; Zlotorzynska, Maria; Hunter-Jones, Josalin] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Ross, Zev] ZevRoss SpatialAnal, 120 N Aurora St,Suite 3A, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. [Friedman, Samuel R.; Tempalski, Barbara] Natl Dev & Res Inst, Inst Infect Dis Res, 71 West 23rd St,4th Fl, New York, NY 10010 USA. [Jarlais, Don Des] Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Baron Edmond de Rothschild Chem Dependency Inst, 160 Water St,24th Floor, New York, NY 10038 USA. [Semaan, Salaam; DiNenno, Elizabeth; Broz, Dita; Wejnert, Cyprian; Paz-Bailey, Gabriela] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Corp Sq Bldg 8, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Cooper, HLF (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Behav Sci & Hlth Educ, 1518 Clifton Rd NE,Room 526, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM hcoope3@emory.edu OI Friedman, Sam/0000-0003-2083-1226 FU NIH [DA035101]; Emory Center for AIDS Research [P30 AI050409]; Centers and Disease Control and Prevention FX This research was supported by two NIH grants: "Place Characteristics & Disparities in HIV in IDUS: A Multilevel Analysis of NHBS" (DA035101; Cooper, PI) and the Emory Center for AIDS Research (P30 AI050409; Curran, PI). It was also supported by the Centers and Disease Control and Prevention, and the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance Study Group: Atlanta, GA: Jennifer Taussig, Shacara Johnson, Jeff Todd; Baltimore, MD: Colin Flynn, Danielle German; Boston, MA: Debbie Isenberg, Maura Driscoll, Elizabeth Hurwitz; Chicago, IL: Nikhil Prachand, Nanette Benbow; Dallas, TX: Sharon Melville, Richard Yeager, Jim Dyer, Alicia Novoa; Denver, CO: Mark Thrun, Alia Al-Tayyib; Detroit, MI: Emily Higgins, Eve Mokotoff, Vivian Griffin; Houston, TX: Aaron Sayegh, Jan Risser, Hafeez Rehman; Los Angeles, CA: Trista Bingham, Ekow Kwa Sey; Miami, FL: Lisa Metsch, David Forrest, Dano Beck, Gabriel Cardenas; Nassau-Suffolk, NY: Chris Nemeth, Lou Smith, Carol Ann Watson; New Orleans, LA: William T. Robinson, DeAnn Gruber, Narquis Barak; New York City, NY: Alan Neaigus, Samuel Jenness, Travis Wendel, Camila Gelpi-Acosta, Holly Hagan; Newark, NJ: Henry Godette, Barbara Bolden, Sally D'Errico; Philadelphia, PA: Kathleen A. Brady, Althea Kirkland, Mark Shpaner; San Diego, CA: Vanessa Miguelino-Keasling, Al Velasco; San Francisco, CA: H. Fisher Raymond; San Juan, PR: Sandra Miranda De Leon, Yadira Rolon-Colon; Seattle, WA: Maria Courogen, Hanne Thiede, Richard Burt; St Louis, MO: Michael Herbert, Yelena Friedberg, Dale Wrigley, Jacob Fisher; Washington, DC: Marie Sansone, Tiffany West-Ojo, Manya Magnus, Irene Kuo; Behavioral Surveillance Team. We would like to thank the NHBS participants for making this study possible. We also thank and acknowledge Mr. Scott Burris and Ms. Mona Bennett for their help documenting laws governing syringe access. NR 94 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 6 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0955-3959 EI 1873-4758 J9 INT J DRUG POLICY JI Int. J. Drug Policy PD JAN PY 2016 VL 27 BP 43 EP 55 DI 10.1016/j.drugpo.2015.07.015 PG 13 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA DC8HH UT WOS:000369460000006 PM 26342272 ER PT J AU Pappas, RS Gray, N Gonzalez-Jimenez, N Fresquez, M Watson, CH AF Pappas, R. Steven Gray, Naudia Gonzalez-Jimenez, Nathalie Fresquez, Mark Watson, Clifford H. TI Triple Quad-ICP-MS Measurement of Toxic Metals in Mainstream Cigarette Smoke from Spectrum Research Cigarettes SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; TOBACCO; ADULTS AB We previously reported toxic metal concentrations in the mainstream smoke from 50 varieties of commercial cigarettes available in the USA using quadrupole inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). However, efforts to continue producing high quality data on select mainstream cigarette smoke constituents demand continued improvements in instrumentation and methodology and application of the methodology to cigarettes that differ in design or construction. Here we report a new application of 'triple quad'-ICP-MS instrumentation to analyze seven toxic metals in mainstream cigarette smoke from the Spectrum variable nicotine research cigarettes. The Spectrum cigarettes are available for research purposes in different configurations of low or conventional levels of nicotine, mentholated or nonmentholated, and tar delivery ranges described as 'low tar' or 'high tar'. Detailed characterizations of specific harmful or potentially harmful constituents delivered by these research cigarettes will help inform researchers using these cigarettes in exposure studies, cessation studies and studies related to nicotine addiction or compensation. C1 [Pappas, R. Steven; Gray, Naudia; Gonzalez-Jimenez, Nathalie; Fresquez, Mark; Watson, Clifford H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Tobacco & Volatiles Branch, Div Lab Sci, 4770 Buford Hwy NE Mail Stop F44, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Gonzalez-Jimenez, Nathalie] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Fresquez, Mark] Battelle Analyt Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Pappas, RS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Tobacco & Volatiles Branch, Div Lab Sci, 4770 Buford Hwy NE Mail Stop F44, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM rpappas@cdc.gov FU US Food and Drug Administration Center for Tobacco Products FX This method was developed using funding from an interagency agreement with the US Food and Drug Administration Center for Tobacco Products. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 10 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0146-4760 EI 1945-2403 J9 J ANAL TOXICOL JI J. Anal. Toxicol. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 40 IS 1 BP 43 EP 48 DI 10.1093/jat/bkv109 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Toxicology GA DC5AC UT WOS:000369231100006 PM 26359486 ER PT J AU Abrams, JY Maddox, RA Schonberger, LB Belay, ED AF Abrams, Joseph Y. Maddox, Ryan A. Schonberger, Lawrence B. Belay, Ermias D. TI Intracranial Procedures and Expected Frequency of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease SO NEUROEPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Prion; Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease; Neurosurgery; Intracranial procedure; Iatrogenic transmission ID HUMAN PRION DISEASES; MEDICAL RISK-FACTORS; NEUROSURGICAL TRANSMISSION; SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY; CONGENITAL HYDROCEPHALUS; SURVEILLANCE; SURGERY; EUROPE; POPULATION; RATES AB Background/Aims: To assess the frequency and characteristics of intracranial procedures (ICPs) performed and the number of US residents living with a history of ICP. These data are used to calculate the expected annual number of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) cases among US residents with a history of ICP. Methods: The Nationwide Inpatient Sample provided data on the frequency and types of ICPs, and data from the National Center for Health Statistics was used to produce age-adjusted mortality rates. A model was constructed, which estimated long-term survival and sporadic CJD rates among ICP patients based on procedure type and age. Results: There were an estimated 2,070,488 ICPs in the United States from 1998 to 2007, an average of over 200,000 per year. There were an estimated 2,023,726 US residents in 2013 with a history of ICP in the previous 30 years. In 2013, there was expected to be 4.1 sporadic CJD cases (95% CI 1-8) among people with a history of ICP in the past 30 years. Conclusions: The considerable proportion of US residents living with a history of ICP is important information for retrospective assessments of CJD or any other suspected long-term outcome of ICPs. (C) 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel C1 [Abrams, Joseph Y.; Maddox, Ryan A.; Schonberger, Lawrence B.; Belay, Ermias D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Abrams, JY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,CDC Mailstop A30, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM JAbrams@cdc.gov NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0251-5350 EI 1423-0208 J9 NEUROEPIDEMIOLOGY JI Neuroepidemiology PY 2016 VL 46 IS 1 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1159/000441032 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Clinical Neurology SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Neurosciences & Neurology GA DC6MW UT WOS:000369335100001 PM 26580783 ER PT J AU Schauer, GL Pederson, LL Malarcher, AM AF Schauer, Gillian L. Pederson, Linda L. Malarcher, Ann M. TI Past Year Quit Attempts and Use of Cessation Resources Among Cigarette-Only Smokers and Cigarette Smokers Who Use Other Tobacco Products SO NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SMOKELESS TOBACCO; DUAL USERS; SNUS; PERCEPTIONS; CIGARILLOS; PROFILES; PATTERNS; SMOKING; ADULTS AB Introduction: It is unclear how use of other tobacco products impacts cigarette-smoking cessation. We assessed differences in past year cigarette smoking quit attempts and use of counseling and medication among current cigarette-only users, cigarette and cigar users, and cigarette and smokeless tobacco (SLT) users. Methods: Data came from 24 448 current cigarette-only, 1064 cigarette and cigar only, and 508 cigarette and SLT only users who responded to the 2010-2011 Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey. Demographic, smoking, and cessation characteristics were computed by group. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models assessed the relationship of tobacco use group to making a past year quit attempt, and use of counseling or medication during the last quit attempt. Results: Dual users of cigarettes and cigars or SLT had similar interest in quitting and prevalence of reported past year quit attempts compared to cigarette-only users. In unadjusted analyses, cigarette and SLT users had higher odds of trying to quit in the past year compared to cigarette-only users (odds ratio [OR] = 1.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.05, 1.64); no differences were found for cigarette and cigar users. However, adjusting for demographic and cigarette smoking variables, both groups of dual users had similar odds as cigarette-only users for having made a past year cigarette smoking quit attempt, and to have used counseling or medication during the last quit attempt. Conclusion: Dual tobacco use was not associated with decreased attempts to quit smoking cigarettes; however, use of evidence-based treatment was sub-optimal among cigarette-only and dual users, and should be increased. C1 [Schauer, Gillian L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Carter Consulting Inc, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Schauer, Gillian L.] Emory Univ, Dept Behav Sci & Hlth Educ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Pederson, Linda L.] McKing Consulting Corp, Atlanta, GA USA. [Malarcher, Ann M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Schauer, GL (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Behav Sci & Hlth Educ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.; Schauer, GL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Carter Consulting Inc, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway,NE,MS F-79, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM gschauer@cdc.gov NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1462-2203 EI 1469-994X J9 NICOTINE TOB RES JI Nicotine Tob. Res. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 18 IS 1 BP 41 EP 47 DI 10.1093/ntr/ntv038 PG 7 WC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Substance Abuse; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DC9HY UT WOS:000369533300007 PM 25744953 ER PT J AU Weaver, CM Alexander, DD Boushey, CJ Dawson-Hughes, B Lappe, JM LeBoff, MS Liu, S Looker, AC Wallace, TC Wang, DD AF Weaver, C. M. Alexander, D. D. Boushey, C. J. Dawson-Hughes, B. Lappe, J. M. LeBoff, M. S. Liu, S. Looker, A. C. Wallace, T. C. Wang, D. D. TI Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and risk of fractures: an updated meta-analysis from the National Osteoporosis Foundation SO OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Calcium; Fracture; Supplement; Vitamin D ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; INSTITUTIONALIZED ELDERLY-WOMEN; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; DOUBLE-BLIND; HEALTH OUTCOMES; CHOLECALCIFEROL SUPPLEMENTATION; SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; PARATHYROID-HORMONE AB The aim was to meta-analyze randomized controlled trials of calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and fracture prevention. Meta-analysis showed a significant 15 % reduced risk of total fractures (summary relative risk estimate [SRRE], 0.85; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 0.73-0.98) and a 30 % reduced risk of hip fractures (SRRE, 0.70; 95 % CI, 0.56-0.87). Introduction Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation has been widely recommended to prevent osteoporosis and subsequent fractures; however, considerable controversy exists regarding the association of such supplementation and fracture risk. The aim was to conduct a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials [RCTs] of calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and fracture prevention in adults. Methods A PubMed literature search was conducted for the period from July 1, 2011 through July 31, 2015. RCTs reporting the effect of calcium plus vitamin D supplementation on fracture incidence were selected from English-language studies. Qualitative and quantitative information was extracted; random-effects meta-analyses were conducted to generate summary relative risk estimates (SRREs) for total and hip fractures. Statistical heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q test and the I (2) statistic, and potential for publication bias was assessed. Results Of the citations retrieved, eight studies including 30,970 participants met criteria for inclusion in the primary analysis, reporting 195 hip fractures and 2231 total fractures. Meta-analysis of all studies showed that calcium plus vitamin D supplementation produced a statistically significant 15 % reduced risk of total fractures (SRRE, 0.85; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 0.73-0.98) and a 30 % reduced risk of hip fractures (SRRE, 0.70; 95 % CI, 0.56-0.87). Numerous sensitivity and subgroup analyses produced similar summary associations. A limitation is that this study utilized data from subgroup analysis of the Women's Health Initiative. Conclusions This meta-analysis of RCTs supports the use of calcium plus vitamin D supplements as an intervention for fracture risk reduction in both community-dwelling and institutionalized middle-aged to older adults. C1 [Weaver, C. M.] Purdue Univ, Womens Global Hlth Inst, Dept Nutr Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Alexander, D. D.] EpidStat Inst, Evergreen, CO USA. [Boushey, C. J.] Univ Hawaii, Ctr Canc, Canc Epidemiol Program, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Dawson-Hughes, B.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Bone Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Lappe, J. M.] Creighton Univ, Sch Nursing, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Lappe, J. M.] Creighton Univ, Sch Med, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [LeBoff, M. S.] Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Skeletal Hlth & Osteoporosis Ctr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [LeBoff, M. S.] Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med,Bone Dens Unit, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Hypertens,Calcium & Bone, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Liu, S.] Tufts Univ, Gerald J & Dorothy R Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Poli, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Looker, A. C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Wallace, T. C.] Natl Osteoporosis Fdn, 1150 17th St NW,Suite 850, Washington, DC 20036 USA. [Wallace, T. C.] George Mason Univ, Dept Nutr & Food Studies, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Wang, D. D.] Tufts Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Community Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Wallace, TC (reprint author), Natl Osteoporosis Fdn, 1150 17th St NW,Suite 850, Washington, DC 20036 USA.; Wallace, TC (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Nutr & Food Studies, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM taylor.wallace@nof.org FU Consumer Healthcare Products Association; Council for Responsible Nutrition; Natural Products Association FX Funding for this study was provided through unrestricted educational grants from the Consumer Healthcare Products Association, the Council for Responsible Nutrition, and the Natural Products Association. The funding bodies had no influence on the study design; the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; the writing of the report; and the decision to submit the paper for publication. NR 54 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 12 U2 23 PU SPRINGER LONDON LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, 6TH FLOOR, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 0937-941X EI 1433-2965 J9 OSTEOPOROSIS INT JI Osteoporosis Int. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 27 IS 1 BP 367 EP 376 DI 10.1007/s00198-015-3386-5 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA DC9FC UT WOS:000369525500043 PM 26510847 ER PT S AU Kuykendall, RJ Lockhart, SR AF Kuykendall, Randal J. Lockhart, Shawn R. BE Calderone, R Cihlar, R TI Microbroth Dilution Susceptibility Testing of Candida species SO CANDIDA SPECIES: METHODS AND PROTOCOLS SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Susceptibility testing; Antifungal; Broth microdilution; Etest; MIC ID ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS AB Antifungal susceptibility testing for Candida species is now widely accepted as a methodology to predict the success or failure of antifungal therapy for some antifungal/Candida species combinations. There are many different ways to perform susceptibility testing of antifungal agents, but broth microdilution has become the most popular over the last 10 years. This chapter describes in detail two methods for antifungal susceptibility testing of Candida species using the commercially available microbroth dilution tray (YeastOne (R)) and a commercially available gradient agar diffusion technique (Etest (R)) for isolates that appear resistant. C1 [Kuykendall, Randal J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lockhart, Shawn R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Fungal Reference Lab, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kuykendall, RJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-4939-3052-4; 978-1-4939-3051-7 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2016 VL 1356 BP 173 EP 181 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-3052-4_13 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-3052-4 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology; Mycology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology; Mycology GA BE2EJ UT WOS:000369087600014 PM 26519073 ER PT J AU Haynes, CA De Jesus, VR AF Haynes, Christopher A. De Jesus, Victor R. TI Simultaneous quantitation of hexacosanoyl lysophosphatidylcholine, amino acids, acylcarnitines, and succinylacetone during FIA-ESI-MS/MS analysis of dried blood spot extracts for newborn screening SO CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Flow-injection analysis; Tandem mass spectrometry; Newborn screening; Dried blood spot; X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy ID X-LINKED ADRENOLEUKODYSTROPHY; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY AB Objectives: The goal of this study was to include the quantitation of hexacosanoyl lysophosphatidylcholine, a biomarker for X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy and other peroxisomal disorders, in the routine extraction and analysis procedure used to quantitate amino acids, acylcarnitines, and succinylacetone during newborn screening. Criteria for the method included use of a single punch from a dried blood spot, one simple extraction of the punch, no high-performance liquid chromatography, and utilizing tandem mass spectrometry to quantitate the analytes. Design and methods: Dried blood spot punches were extracted with a methanolic solution of stable-isotope labeled internal standards, formic acid, and hydrazine, followed by flow injection analysis-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. Results: Quantitation of amino acids, acylcarnitines, and hexacosanoyl lysophosphatidylcholine using this combined method was similar to results obtained using two separate methods. Conclusions: A single dried blood spot punch extracted by a rapid (45 min), simple procedure can be analyzed with high throughput (2 min per sample) to quantitate amino acids, acylcarnitines, succinylacetone, and hexacosanoyl lysophosphatidylcholine. (C) 2015 The Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Haynes, Christopher A.; De Jesus, Victor R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Biochem Mass Spectrometry Lab, Newborn Screening & Mol Biol Branch, MS F19, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Haynes, CA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Biochem Mass Spectrometry Lab, Newborn Screening & Mol Biol Branch, MS F19, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM cph7@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 19 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0009-9120 EI 1873-2933 J9 CLIN BIOCHEM JI Clin. Biochem. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 49 IS 1-2 BP 161 EP 165 DI 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2015.09.011 PG 5 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA DB8FN UT WOS:000368752700028 PM 26432925 ER PT J AU Costantini, VP Cooper, EM Hardaker, HL Lee, LE Bierhoff, M Biggs, C Cieslak, PR Hall, AJ Vinje, J AF Costantini, Veronica P. Cooper, Emilie M. Hardaker, Hope L. Lee, Lore E. Bierhoff, Marieke Biggs, Christianne Cieslak, Paul R. Hall, Aron J. Vinje, Jan TI Epidemiologic, Virologic, and Host Genetic Factors of Norovirus Outbreaks in Long-term Care Facilities SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE norovirus; long-term care facilities; shedding; secretor status ID BLOOD GROUP ANTIGENS; NORWALK VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; NONSENSE MUTATION; VIRAL LOAD; INFECTION; GASTROENTERITIS; SUSCEPTIBILITY; DISEASE; GII.4 AB Background. In the Unites States, long-term care facilities (LTCFs) are the most common setting for norovirus outbreaks. These outbreaks provide a unique opportunity to better characterize the viral and host characteristics of norovirus disease. Methods. We enrolled 43 LTCFs prospectively to study the epidemiology, virology, and genetic host factors of naturally occurring norovirus outbreaks. Acute and convalescent stool, serum, and saliva samples from cases, exposed and nonexposed controls were collected. Norovirus infection was confirmed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction testing of stool samples or 4-fold increase in serum antibody titers. The presence of histo-blood group antigens (secretor, ABO, and Lewis type) was determined in saliva. Results. Sixty-two cases, 34 exposed controls, and 18 nonexposed controls from 10 norovirus outbreaks were enrolled. Forty-six percent of acute, 27% of convalescent case, and 11% of control stool samples tested norovirus positive. Outbreak genotypes were GII. 4 (Den Haag, n = 3; New Orleans, n = 4; and Sydney, n = 2) and GI. 1 (n = 1). Viral load in GII. 4 Sydney outbreaks was significantly higher than in outbreaks caused by other genotypes; cases and controls shed similar amounts of virus. Forty-seven percent of cases shed virus for = 21 days. Symptomatic infections with GII. 4 Den Haag and GII. 4 New Orleans were detected among nonsecretor individuals. Conclusions. Almost half of all symptomatic individuals shed virus for at least 21 days. Viral load was highest in GII. 4 viruses that most recently emerged; these viruses also infect the nonsecretor population. These findings will help to guide development of targeted prevention and control measures in the elderly. C1 [Costantini, Veronica P.; Cooper, Emilie M.; Bierhoff, Marieke; Hall, Aron J.; Vinje, Jan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hardaker, Hope L.; Lee, Lore E.; Biggs, Christianne; Cieslak, Paul R.] Oregon Hlth Author, Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR USA. [Bierhoff, Marieke] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Costantini, VP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM vcostantini@cdc.gov FU National Institute of Food and Agriculture at the US Department of Agriculture [2011-68003-30395]; Takeda Pharmaceuticals FX This work was supported, in part, by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture at the US Department of Agriculture (grant number 2011-68003-30395) and a grant to the CDC Foundation from Takeda Pharmaceuticals. NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 62 IS 1 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.1093/cid/civ747 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DB6JO UT WOS:000368621400001 PM 26508509 ER PT J AU Kambhampati, A Payne, DC Costantini, V Lopman, BA AF Kambhampati, Anita Payne, Daniel C. Costantini, Veronica Lopman, Benjamin A. TI Host Genetic Susceptibility to Enteric Viruses: A Systematic Review and Metaanalysis SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Review DE norovirus; rotavirus; FUT2; histo-blood group antigen ID BLOOD GROUP ANTIGENS; UNITED-STATES; NOROVIRUS; ROTAVIRUS; GASTROENTERITIS; SECRETOR; CHILDREN; VACCINE; LEWIS; VP8(STAR) AB Background. Norovirus and rotavirus are prominent enteric viruses responsible for severe acute gastroenteritis disease burden around the world. Both viruses recognize and bind to histo-blood group antigens, which are expressed by the fucosyltransferase 2 (FUT2) gene. Individuals with a functional FUT2 gene are termed "secretors." FUT2 polymorphisms may influence viral binding patterns and, therefore, may influence host susceptibility to infection by these viruses. Methods. We performed a systematic review of the published literature on this topic. Data were abstracted and compiled for descriptive analyses and metaanalyses. We estimated pooled odds ratios (ORs) for infection using random-effects models. Results. We found that secretors were 9.9 times (95% confidence interval [ CI], 3.9-24.8) as likely to be infected with genogroup II. 4 noroviruses and 2.2 times as likely to be infected with genogroup II non-4 noroviruses (95% CI, 1.2-4.2) compared with nonsecretors. Secretors were also 26.6 times more susceptible to infections from P[8]-type rotaviruses compared with nonsecretors (95% CI, 8.3-85.0). Conclusions. Our analyses indicate that host genetic susceptibility to norovirus and rotavirus infection may be strain specific. As strain distribution and the proportion of genetic phenotypes vary in different countries, future studies should focus on differences in susceptibility among various ethnicities. Knowledge of innate susceptibility to rotavirus and norovirus can lead to improved understanding of both vaccine performance and individual risk of disease. C1 [Kambhampati, Anita; Payne, Daniel C.; Costantini, Veronica; Lopman, Benjamin A.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Kambhampati, Anita] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Kambhampati, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,MS-A34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM wyc4@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 31 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 7 U2 11 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 62 IS 1 BP 11 EP 18 DI 10.1093/cid/civ873 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DB6JO UT WOS:000368621400002 PM 26508510 ER PT J AU Epstein, L Mu, Y Belflower, R Scott, J Ray, S Dumyati, G Felsen, C Petit, S Yousey-Hindes, K Nadle, J Pasutti, L Lynfield, R Warnke, L Schaffner, W Leib, K Kallen, AJ Fridkin, SK Lessa, FC AF Epstein, Lauren Mu, Yi Belflower, Ruth Scott, Janine Ray, Susan Dumyati, Ghinwa Felsen, Christina Petit, Susan Yousey-Hindes, Kimberly Nadle, Joelle Pasutti, Lauren Lynfield, Ruth Warnke, Linn Schaffner, William Leib, Karen Kallen, Alexander J. Fridkin, Scott K. Lessa, Fernanda C. TI Risk Factors for Invasive Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infection After Recent Discharge From an Acute-Care Hospitalization, 2011-2013 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE epidemiology; methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; risk-factors; bacteremia ID BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS; NURSING-HOMES; UNITED-STATES; MRSA; COLONIZATION; CARRIAGE; SURVEILLANCE; PREVENTION; BURDEN AB Background. Significant progress has been made in reducing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections among hospitalized patients. However, the decreases in invasive MRSA infections among recently discharged patients have been less substantial. To inform prevention strategies, we assessed risk factors for invasive MRSA infection after acute-care hospitalizations. Methods. We conducted a prospective, matched case-control study. A case was defined as MRSA cultured from a normally sterile body site in a patient discharged from a hospital within the prior 12 weeks. Eligible case patients were identified from 15 hospitals across 6 US states. For each case patient, 2 controls were matched for hospital, month of discharge, and age group. Medical record reviews and telephone interviews were performed. Conditional logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors for postdischarge invasive MRSA. Results. From 1 February 2011 through 31 March 2013, 194 case patients and 388 matched controls were enrolled. The median time between hospital discharge and positive culture was 23 days (range, 1-83 days). Factors independently associated with postdischarge MRSA infection included MRSA colonization (matched odds ratio [mOR], 7.71; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.60-16.51), discharge to a nursing home (mOR, 2.65; 95% CI, 1.41-4.99), presence of a chronic wound during the postdischarge period (mOR, 4.41; 95% CI, 2.14-9.09), and discharge with a central venous catheter (mOR, 2.16; 95% CI, 1.13-4.99) or a different invasive device (mOR, 3.03; 95% CI, 1.24-7.39) in place. Conclusions. Prevention efforts should target patients with MRSA colonization or those with invasive devices or chronic wounds at hospital discharge. In addition, MRSA prevention efforts in nursing homes are warranted. C1 [Epstein, Lauren; Mu, Yi; Belflower, Ruth; Kallen, Alexander J.; Fridkin, Scott K.; Lessa, Fernanda C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop A-16, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Epstein, Lauren] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ray, Susan] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Scott, Janine; Ray, Susan] Georgia Emerging Infect Program, Decatur, GA USA. [Dumyati, Ghinwa; Felsen, Christina] Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, New York, NY USA. [Petit, Susan] Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth, Hartford, CT USA. [Yousey-Hindes, Kimberly] Yale Univ, Connecticut Emerging Infect Program, Sch Publ Hlth, New Haven, CT USA. [Nadle, Joelle; Pasutti, Lauren] Calif Emerging Infect Program, Oakland, CA USA. [Lynfield, Ruth; Warnke, Linn] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Schaffner, William; Leib, Karen] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Schaffner, William; Leib, Karen] Tennessee Emerging Infect Program, Nashville, TN USA. RP Epstein, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop A-16, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM xdd0@cdc.gov FU Stiefel/GlaxoSmithKline; Astellas Pharma Global Development; Theravance through the CDC Foundation FX This study was partially funded by Stiefel/GlaxoSmithKline, Astellas Pharma Global Development, and Theravance through the CDC Foundation. NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 62 IS 1 BP 45 EP 52 DI 10.1093/cid/civ777 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DB6JO UT WOS:000368621400007 PM 26338787 ER PT J AU Bradley, H Viall, AH Wortley, PM Dempsey, A Hauck, H Skarbinski, J AF Bradley, Heather Viall, Abigail H. Wortley, Pascale M. Dempsey, Antigone Hauck, Heather Skarbinski, Jacek TI Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program Assistance and HIV Treatment Outcomes SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Ryan White; HIV; health insurance; viral suppression; antiretroviral therapy ID QUALITY-OF-CARE; MEDICAL-CARE; ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT; CASE-MANAGEMENT; UNITED-STATES; FACILITIES; INFECTION; ACCESS AB Background. The Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program (RWHAP) provides persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) with services not covered by other healthcare payer types. Limited data exist to inform policy decisions about the most appropriate role for RWHAP under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA). Methods. We assessed associations between RWHAP assistance and antiretroviral therapy (ART) prescription and viral suppression. We used data from the Medical Monitoring Project, a surveillance system assessing characteristics of HIV-infected adults receiving medical care in the United States. Interview and medical record data were collected in 2009-2013 from 18 095 patients. Results. Nearly 41% of patients had RWHAP assistance; 15% relied solely on RWHAP assistance for HIV care. Overall, 91% were prescribed ART, and 75% were virally suppressed. Uninsured patients receiving RWHAP assistance were significantly more likely to be prescribed ART (52% vs 94%; P < .01) and virally suppressed (39% vs 77%; P < .01) than uninsured patients without RWHAP assistance. Patients with private insurance and Medicaid were 6% and 7% less likely, respectively, to be prescribed ART than those with RWHAP only (P < .01). Those with private insurance and Medicaid were 5% and 12% less likely, respectively, to be virally suppressed (P = .02) than those with RWHAP only. Patients whose private or Medicaid coverage was supplemented by RWHAP were more likely to be prescribed ART and virally suppressed than those without RWHAP supplementation (P = .01). Conclusions. Uninsured and underinsured HIV-infected persons receiving RWHAP assistance were more likely to be prescribed ART and virally suppressed than those with other types of healthcare coverage. C1 [Bradley, Heather; Viall, Abigail H.; Wortley, Pascale M.; Skarbinski, Jacek] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E46, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Dempsey, Antigone; Hauck, Heather] Hlth Resources & Serv Adm, HIV AIDS Bur, Rockville, MD USA. RP Bradley, H (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E46, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM iyk5@cdc.gov FU CDC [PS09-937] FX This work, and the Medical Monitoring Project, is supported by cooperative agreement (PS09-937) from the CDC. NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 62 IS 1 BP 90 EP 98 DI 10.1093/cid/civ708 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DB6JO UT WOS:000368621400016 PM 26324390 ER PT J AU Purswani, MU Karalius, B Yao, TJ Schmid, DS Burchett, SK Siberry, GK Patel, K Van Dyke, RB Yogev, R AF Purswani, Murli U. Karalius, Brad Yao, Tzy-Jyun Schmid, D. Scott Burchett, Sandra K. Siberry, George K. Patel, Kunjal Van Dyke, Russell B. Yogev, Ram CA Pediatric HIV AIDS Cohort Study TI Prevalence and Persistence of Varicella Antibodies in Previously Immunized Children and Youth With Perinatal HIV-1 Infection SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE varicella; vaccine; antibodies; HIV; perinatal ID OUTER RETINAL NECROSIS; ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; OF-THE-LITERATURE; ZOSTER-VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; VACCINE; IMMUNOGENICITY; PREVENTION; INJECTIONS; LONGEVITY AB Background. Two doses of live-attenuated varicella-zoster vaccine are recommended for human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1)infected children with CD4% >= 15%. We determined the prevalence and persistence of antibody in immunized children with perinatal HIV (PHIV) and their association with number of vaccinations, combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), and HIV status. Methods. The Adolescent Master Protocol is an observational study of children with PHIV and perinatally HIV-exposed but uninfected (PHEU) children conducted at 15 US sites. In a cross-sectional analysis, we tested participants' most recent stored sera for varicella antibody using whole-cell and glycoprotein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Seropositivity predictors were identified using multivariable logistic regression models and C statistics. Results. Samples were available for 432 children with PHIV and 221 PHEU children; 82% of children with PHIV and 97% of PHEU children were seropositive (P < .001). Seropositivity after 1 vaccine dose among children with PHIV and PHEU children was 100% at < 3 years (both), 73% and 100% at 3-<7 years (P < .05), and 77% and 97% at >= 7 years (P < .01), respectively. Seropositivity among recipients of 2 vaccine doses was >94% at all intervals. Independent predictors of seropositivity among children with PHIV were receipt of 2 vaccine doses, receipt of 1 dose while on >= 3 months of cART, compared with none (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 14.0 and 2.8, respectively; P < .001 for overall dose effect), and in those vaccinated >= 3 years previously, duration of cART (aOR: 1.29 per year increase, P = .02). Conclusions. Humoral immune responses to varicella vaccine are best achieved when children with PHIV receive their first dose >= 3 months after cART initiation and maintained by completion of the 2-dose series and long-term cART use. C1 [Purswani, Murli U.] Bronx Lebanon Hosp Ctr, Albert Einstein Coll Med, Div Pediat Infect Dis, New York, NY USA. [Karalius, Brad; Patel, Kunjal] Harvard Univ, TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Karalius, Brad; Yao, Tzy-Jyun; Patel, Kunjal] Harvard Univ, TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Biostat AIDS Res CBAR, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Schmid, D. Scott] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Burchett, Sandra K.] Boston Childrens Hosp, Boston, MA USA. [Burchett, Sandra K.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Siberry, George K.] NIH, Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Van Dyke, Russell B.] Tulane Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. [Yogev, Ram] Northwestern Univ, Ann & Robert H Lurie Childrens Hosp Chicago, Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. RP Purswani, MU (reprint author), Bronx Lebanon Hosp Ctr, Div Pediat Infect Dis, 1685 Morris Ave,Ste 1G, Bronx, NY 10457 USA. EM mpurswan@bronxleb.org FU Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Institute on Drug Abuse; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; Office of AIDS Research; National Institute of Mental Health; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders; National Heart Lung and Blood Institute; National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health [HD052102]; Tulane University School of Medicine [HD052104] FX The PHACS was supported by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development with co-funding from the National Institute on Drug Abuse, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, the Office of AIDS Research, the National Institute of Mental Health, the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, through cooperative agreements with the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (HD052102; Principal Investigator: George Seage; Project Director: Julie Alperen) and the Tulane University School of Medicine (HD052104; Principal Investigator: Russell Van Dyke; Co-Principal Investigator: Kenneth Rich; Project Director: Patrick Davis). Data management services were provided by Frontier Science and Technology Research Foundation (Principal Investigator: Suzanne Siminski), and regulatory services and logistical support were provided by Westat, Inc (Principal Investigator: Julie Davidson). NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 62 IS 1 BP 106 EP 114 DI 10.1093/cid/civ734 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DB6JO UT WOS:000368621400018 PM 26385992 ER PT J AU Lazar, M Perelygina, L Martines, R Greer, P Paddock, CD Peltecu, G Lupulescu, E Icenogle, J Zaki, SR AF Lazar, Mihaela Perelygina, Ludmila Martines, Roosecelis Greer, Patricia Paddock, Christopher D. Peltecu, Gheorghe Lupulescu, Emilia Icenogle, Joseph Zaki, Sherif R. TI Immunolocalization and Distribution of Rubella Antigen in Fatal Congenital Rubella Syndrome SO EBIOMEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Congenital rubella syndrome (CRS); CRS pathology; Immunohistochemistry; Fatal cases; Autopsy ID GESTATIONAL RUBELLA; PLACENTAL PATHOLOGY; MATERNAL RUBELLA; INFECTION; VIRUS; TRANSMISSION; LESIONS; MANIFESTATIONS; PREGNANCY; CULTURES AB Background: An estimated 100,000 cases of congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) occur worldwide each year. The reported mortality rate for infants with CRS is up to 33%. The cellular mechanisms responsible for the multiple congenital defects in CRS are presently unknown. Here we identify cell types positive for rubella virus (RV) in CRS infants. Methods: Cells and organs involved in RV replication were identified in paraffin-embedded autopsy tissues from three fatal case-patients by histopathologic examination and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining using a rabbit polyclonal RV antibody. Normal rabbit antisera and RV antisera preabsorbed with highly purified RV served as negative controls. Results: RV antigen was found in interstitial fibroblasts in the heart, adventitial fibroblasts of large blood vessels, alveolar macrophages, progenitor cells of the outer granular layer of the brain, and in capillary endothelium and basal plate in the placenta. The antibody specificity was verified by IHC staining of multiple tissue sections from other infectious disease cases. RV infection of each cell type is consistent with abnormalities which have been identified in patients with CRS, in the heart, large blood vessels, and brain. Antigen distribution was consistent with inflammatory response to vascular injury and systemic spread of RV. Conclusions: The identification of RV positive cell types in CRS is important to better understand the pathology and pathogenesis of CRS. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Lazar, Mihaela; Perelygina, Ludmila; Icenogle, Joseph] Measles Mumps Rubella & Herpesvirus Lab Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA USA. [Martines, Roosecelis; Greer, Patricia; Paddock, Christopher D.; Zaki, Sherif R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lazar, Mihaela; Lupulescu, Emilia] Natl Inst Res Dev Microbiol & Immunol Cantacuzino, Natl Lab Measles & Rubella, 103 Splaiul Independentei, Bucharest, Romania. [Lazar, Mihaela] Univ Bucharest, Dept Biol, 4-12 Blvd Regina Elisabeta, Bucharest, Romania. [Peltecu, Gheorghe] Filantropia Clin Hosp, 11-13 Blvd Ion Mihalache, Bucharest, Romania. RP Icenogle, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C22, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jci1@cdc.gov NR 47 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2352-3964 J9 EBIOMEDICINE JI EBioMedicine PD JAN PY 2016 VL 3 BP 86 EP 92 DI 10.1016/j.ebiom.2015.11.050 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DC1ZA UT WOS:000369015800016 PM 26870820 ER PT J AU Pollack, KM Schmid, TL Wilson, AL Schulman, E AF Pollack, Keshia M. Schmid, Thomas L. Wilson, Amanda L. Schulman, Eric TI Advancing Translation and Dissemination Research and Practice Through the Physical Activity Policy Research Network Plus SO ENVIRONMENT AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Editorial Material DE walkability; physical activity (walking; cycling; exercise); public health; research translation; environmental justice; equity; policy research C1 [Pollack, Keshia M.; Schulman, Eric] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Johns Hopkins Ctr Injury Res & Policy, Baltimore, MD USA. [Schmid, Thomas L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Phys Activ Translat & Evaluat Team, Phys Activ & Hlth Branch, Div Nutr Phys Activ & Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wilson, Amanda L.] Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP Wilson, AL (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Act Living Res, 3900 Fifth Ave,Suite 310, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. EM amandawilson@ucsd.edu FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0013-9165 EI 1552-390X J9 ENVIRON BEHAV JI Environ. Behav. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 48 IS 1 SI SI BP 266 EP 272 DI 10.1177/0013916515616990 PG 7 WC Environmental Studies; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Psychology GA DB7SR UT WOS:000368716800015 PM 27274566 ER PT J AU McMahon, BJ Bruce, MG Koch, A Goodman, KJ Tsukanov, V Mulvad, G Borresen, ML Sacco, F Barrett, D Westby, S Parkinson, AJ AF McMahon, B. J. Bruce, M. G. Koch, A. Goodman, K. J. Tsukanov, V. Mulvad, G. Borresen, M. L. Sacco, F. Barrett, D. Westby, S. Parkinson, A. J. TI The diagnosis and treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection in Arctic regions with a high prevalence of infection: Expert Commentary SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Review DE Antibiotic resistance; health policy; Helicobacter pylori; gastrointestinal infections ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; ALASKA SENTINEL SURVEILLANCE; PREVENT GASTRIC-CANCER; PEPTIC-ULCER DISEASE; SUCCESSFUL ERADICATION; NONULCER DYSPEPSIA; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; NATIVE POPULATION; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS AB Helicobacter pylori infection is a major cause of peptic ulcer and is also associated with chronic gastritis, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, and adenocarcinoma of the stomach. Guidelines have been developed in the United States and Europe (areas with low prevalence) for the diagnosis and management of this infection, including the recommendation to 'test and treat' those with dyspepsia. A group of international experts performed a targeted literature review and formulated an expert opinion for evidenced-based benefits and harms for screening and treatment of H. pylori in high-prevalence countries. They concluded that in Arctic countries where H. pylori prevalence exceeds 60%, treatment of persons with H. pylori infection should be limited only to instances where there is strong evidence of direct benefit in reduction of morbidity and mortality, associated peptic ulcer disease and MALT lymphoma and that the test- and-treat strategy may not be beneficial for those with dyspepsia. C1 [McMahon, B. J.; Sacco, F.; Barrett, D.; Westby, S.] Alaska Native Tribal Hlth Consortium, Dept Internal Med, Anchorage, AK USA. [McMahon, B. J.; Sacco, F.; Barrett, D.; Westby, S.] Alaska Native Tribal Hlth Consortium, Dept Surg, Anchorage, AK USA. [McMahon, B. J.; Bruce, M. G.; Parkinson, A. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Arctic Invest Program, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Anchorage, AK USA. [Koch, A.; Borresen, M. L.] Statens Serum Inst, Dept Epidemiol Res, DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Goodman, K. J.] Univ Alberta, Canadian North Helicobacter Pylori Working Grp, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Tsukanov, V.] Russian Acad Med Sci, Siberian Div, Dept State Med Res Inst Northern Problems, Krasnoyarsk, Russia. [Mulvad, G.] Primary Hlth Care Clin, Nuuk, Greenland. RP Bruce, MG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Arctic Invest Program, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Anchorage, AK USA. EM zwa8@cdc.gov RI Tsukanov, Vladislav/E-6638-2015; OI Koch, Anders/0000-0001-9205-1048 FU American Society of Circumpolar Health; Arctic Investigations Program, CDC; Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium FX Support for travel and logistics for the Circumpolar Workshops was provided by a grant from the American Society of Circumpolar Health, as well as from the Arctic Investigations Program, CDC and the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium. NR 50 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 5 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 EI 1469-4409 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 144 IS 2 BP 225 EP 233 DI 10.1017/S0950268815001181 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DB6PW UT WOS:000368638100001 PM 26094936 ER PT J AU DeSilva, MB Schafer, S Scott, MK Robinson, B Hills, A Buser, GL Salis, K Gargano, J Yoder, J Hill, V Xiao, L Roellig, D Hedberg, K AF DeSilva, M. B. Schafer, S. Scott, M. Kendall Robinson, B. Hills, A. Buser, G. L. Salis, K. Gargano, J. Yoder, J. Hill, V. Xiao, L. Roellig, D. Hedberg, K. TI Communitywide cryptosporidiosis outbreak associated with a surface water-supplied municipal water system - Baker City, Oregon, 2013 SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Community outbreaks; Cryptosporidium; water (safe) ID UNITED-STATES; DRINKING-WATER; SURVEILLANCE; DISEASE; MILWAUKEE AB Cryptosporidium, a parasite known to cause large drinking and recreational water outbreaks, is tolerant of chlorine concentrations used for drinking water treatment. Human laboratory-based surveillance for enteric pathogens detected a cryptosporidiosis outbreak in Baker City, Oregon during July 2013 associated with municipal drinking water. Objectives of the investigation were to confirm the outbreak source and assess outbreak extent. The watershed was inspected and city water was tested for contamination. To determine the community attack rate, a standardized questionnaire was administered to randomly sampled households. Weighted attack rates and confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Water samples tested positive for Cryptosporidium species; a Cryptosporidium parvum subtype common in cattle was detected in human stool specimens. Cattle were observed grazing along watershed borders; cattle faeces were observed within watershed barriers. The city water treatment facility chlorinated, but did not filter, water. The community attack rate was 28.3% (95% CI 22.1-33.6), sickening an estimated 2780 persons. Watershed contamination by cattle probably caused this outbreak; water treatments effective against Cryptosporidium were not in place. This outbreak highlights vulnerability of drinking water systems to pathogen contamination and underscores the need for communities to invest in system improvements to maintain multiple barriers to drinking water contamination. C1 [DeSilva, M. B.] CDC, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Div Sci Educ & Profess Dev, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Schafer, S.; Hedberg, K.] Oregon Hlth Author, Portland, OR USA. [Scott, M. Kendall; Buser, G. L.] Oregon Hlth Author, Ctr Publ Hlth Practice, Acute & Communicable Dis Program, Portland, OR USA. [Robinson, B.] CDC, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Div Sci Educ & Profess Dev, Epidemiol Workforce Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hills, A.] Baker Cty Hlth Dept, Baker City, OR USA. [Salis, K.] Oregon Hlth Author, Drinking Water Serv, Portland, OR USA. [Gargano, J.; Yoder, J.; Hill, V.; Xiao, L.; Roellig, D.] CDC, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Waterborne Dis Prevent Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP DeSilva, MB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM xdh8@cdc.gov RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727 NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 9 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 EI 1469-4409 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 144 IS 2 BP 274 EP 284 DI 10.1017/S0950268815001831 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DB6PW UT WOS:000368638100008 PM 26264893 ER PT J AU Hennessy, TW Bruden, D Castrodale, L Komatsu, K Erhart, LM Thompson, D Bradley, K O'Leary, DR McLaughlin, J Landen, M AF Hennessy, T. W. Bruden, D. Castrodale, L. Komatsu, K. Erhart, L. M. Thompson, D. Bradley, K. O'Leary, D. R. McLaughlin, J. Landen, M. CA Investigative Team TI A case-control study of risk factors for death from 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1): is American Indian racial status an independent risk factor? SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Infectious disease epidemiology; influenza; pandemic ID MULTIPLE IMPUTATION; RESPIRATORY-TRACT; ALASKA NATIVES; RURAL ALASKA; A H1N1; HOSPITALIZATION; CHILDREN; INFECTIONS; DISEASE; PEOPLE AB Historically, American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) populations have suffered excess morbidity and mortality from influenza. We investigated the risk factors for death from 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) in persons residing in five states with substantial AI/AN populations. We conducted a case-control investigation using pandemic influenza fatalities from 2009 in Alaska, Arizona, New Mexico, Oklahoma and Wyoming. Controls were outpatients with influenza. We reviewed medical records and interviewed case proxies and controls. We used multiple imputation to predict missing data and multivariable conditional logistic regression to determine risk factors. We included 145 fatal cases and 236 controls; 22% of cases were AI/AN. Risk factors (P < 0.05) included: older age [adjusted matched odds ratio (mOR) 3.2, for > 45 years vs. < 18 years], preexisting medical conditions (mOR 7.1), smoking (mOR 3.0), delayed receipt of antivirals (mOR 6.5), and barriers to healthcare access (mOR 5.3). AI/AN race was not significantly associated with death. The increased influenza mortality in AI/AN individuals was due to factors other than racial status. Prevention of influenza deaths should focus on modifiable factors (smoking, early antiviral use, access to care) and identifying high-risk persons for immunization and prompt medical attention. C1 [Hennessy, T. W.; Bruden, D.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Arctic Invest Program, Anchorage, AK USA. [Castrodale, L.; McLaughlin, J.] State Alaska, Div Publ Hlth, Anchorage, AK USA. [Komatsu, K.; Erhart, L. M.] Arizona Dept Hlth Serv, Phoenix, AZ 85007 USA. [Thompson, D.; Landen, M.] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Santa Fe, NM USA. [Bradley, K.] Oklahoma Dept Hlth, Oklahoma City, OK USA. [O'Leary, D. R.] Wyoming Dept Hlth, Cheyenne, WY USA. RP Hennessy, TW (reprint author), CDC, Arctic Invest Program, 4055 Tudor Ctr Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM Tbh0@cdc.gov FU Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists from CDC [1U38HM000414] FX Funding support was contributed by the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (Cooperative Agreement Number 1U38HM000414 from CDC), plus in-kind contributions by CDC, state health departments and tribal epidemiology centers. NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 EI 1469-4409 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 144 IS 2 BP 315 EP 324 DI 10.1017/S0950268815001211 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DB6PW UT WOS:000368638100013 PM 26118767 ER PT J AU Chakraborty, A Sazzad, HMS Hossain, MJ Islam, MS Parveen, S Husain, M Banu, SS Podder, G Afroj, S Rollin, PE Daszak, P Luby, SP Rahman, M Gurley, ES AF Chakraborty, A. Sazzad, H. M. S. Hossain, M. J. Islam, M. S. Parveen, S. Husain, M. Banu, S. S. Podder, G. Afroj, S. Rollin, P. E. Daszak, P. Luby, S. P. Rahman, M. Gurley, E. S. TI Evolving epidemiology of Nipah virus infection in Bangladesh: evidence from outbreaks during 2010-2011 SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Encephalitis; Nipah virus; nosocomial infection; outbreak ID DATE PALM SAP; HENIPAVIRUS INFECTION; BATS ACCESS; TRANSMISSION; ENCEPHALITIS; INDIA; MALAYSIA; WORKERS; HUMANS AB Drinking raw date palm sap is the primary route of Nipah virus (NiV) transmission from bats to people in Bangladesh; subsequent person-to-person transmission is common. During December 2010 to March 2011, we investigated NiV epidemiology by interviewing cases using structured questionnaires, in-depth interviews, and group discussions to collect clinical and exposure histories. We conducted a case-control study to identify risk factors for transmission. We identified 43 cases; 23 were laboratory-confirmed and 20 probable. Thirty-eight (88%) cases died. Drinking raw date palm sap and contact with an infected person were major risk factors; one healthcare worker was infected and for another case transmission apparently occurred through contact with a corpse. In absence of these risk factors, apparent routes of transmission included drinking fermented date palm sap. For the first time, a case was detected in eastern Bangladesh. Identification of new epidemiological characteristics emphasizes the importance of continued NiV surveillance and case investigation. C1 [Chakraborty, A.; Sazzad, H. M. S.; Hossain, M. J.; Islam, M. S.; Parveen, S.; Podder, G.; Afroj, S.; Luby, S. P.; Gurley, E. S.] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Chakraborty, A.; Husain, M.; Banu, S. S.; Rahman, M.] Inst Epidemiol Dis Control & Res, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Rollin, P. E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA USA. [Daszak, P.] EcoHlth Alliance, New York, NY USA. [Luby, S. P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Hlth Protect, Global Dis Detect Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Luby, S. P.] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Chakraborty, A (reprint author), Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, GPO Box 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. EM apurba_dr@yahoo.com RI Gurley, Emily/B-7903-2010; OI Gurley, Emily/0000-0002-8648-9403; Luby, Stephen/0000-0001-5385-899X FU CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA [5U01CI000628-01]; US National Institutes of Health (NIH) [07-015-0712-52200]; National Science Foundation/NIH Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Diseases from the Fogarty International Center [2R01-TW005869]; Government of Australia; Government of Bangladesh; Government of Canada; Government of United Kingdom; Government of Sweden FX The study was funded by CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA, cooperative agreement no. 5U01CI000628-01, the US National Institutes of Health (NIH), grant no. 07-015-0712-52200 (Bangladesh-NIH/Emerging Infectious Disease), and National Science Foundation/NIH Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Diseases grant no. 2R01-TW005869 from the Fogarty International Center. icddr,b also acknowledges with gratitude the commitment of CDC, NIH, and the Government of Bangladesh to its research efforts. icddr, b is also grateful to the Governments of Australia, Bangladesh, Canada, Sweden, and the United Kingdom for providing core/unrestricted support. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 10 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 EI 1469-4409 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 144 IS 2 BP 371 EP 380 DI 10.1017/S0950268815001314 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DB6PW UT WOS:000368638100019 PM 26122675 ER PT B AU Barrera, R AF Barrera, Roberto BE Adelman, ZN TI Considerations for Disrupting Dengue Virus Transmission; Ecology of Aedes aegypti and Current (Nongenetic) Methods of Control SO GENETIC CONTROL OF MALARIA AND DENGUE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID VECTOR CONTROL STRATEGIES; STERILE INSECT TECHNIQUE; DIPTERA-CULICIDAE; PUERTO-RICO; CULEX-QUINQUEFASCIATUS; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; SEASONAL DYNAMICS; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; HOUSEHOLD BLEACH; MOSQUITO-CONTROL C1 [Barrera, Roberto] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Entomol & Ecol Act, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR USA. RP Barrera, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Entomol & Ecol Act, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR USA. NR 137 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL ROAD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND BN 978-0-12-800405-0; 978-0-12-800246-9 PY 2016 BP 103 EP 124 PG 22 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology; Infectious Diseases SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology; Infectious Diseases GA BE2CS UT WOS:000369007100006 ER PT J AU Costa, J Bargues, MD Neiva, VL Lawrence, GG Gumiel, M Oliveira, G Cabello, P Lima, MM Dotson, E Provance, DW Almeida, CE Mateo, L Mas-Coma, S Dujardin, JP AF Costa, Jane Bargues, Maria Dolores Neiva, Vanessa Lima Lawrence, Gena G. Gumiel, Marcia Oliveira, Genova Cabello, Pedro Lima, Marli Maria Dotson, Ellen Provance, David William, Jr. Almeida, Carlos Eduardo Mateo, Lucia Mas-Coma, Santiago Dujardin, Jean Pierre TI Phenotypic variability confirmed by nuclear ribosomal DNA suggests a possible natural hybrid zone of Triatoma brasiliensis species complex SO INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Triatominae; Phenotype; Speciation; Hybridization; Epigenetics ID CHAGAS-DISEASE VECTOR; HEMIPTERA REDUVIIDAE TRIATOMINAE; NORTHEASTERN BRAZIL HEMIPTERA; PHYLLOSOMA COMPLEX; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; EPIDEMIOLOGIC IMPORTANCE; RUBROVARIA REDUVIIDAE; EVOLUTIONARY DISTANCE; MITOCHONDRIAL GENES; MELANOSOMA MARTINEZ AB Triatoma brasiliensis macromelasoma occurs in Pernambuco state, Brazil, which is situated between the distribution areas of Triatoma brasiliensis brasiliensis (north) and Triatoma juazeirensis (south). T. b. macromelasoma displays greater variations in its chromatic phenotype than either T. b. brasiliensis or T. juazeirensis, and patterns reminiscent of one or the other. Experimental crosses from each of these members of the T. brasiliensis species complex generated fertile offspring suggesting that viable hybrids could be present in nature, despite their significant genetic distances. Considering the geographical position of occurrence of the T. b. macromelasoma (in Pernambuco) it was proposed to be an area capable of supporting natural hybridization between T. b. brasiliensis and T. juazeirensis. Since phenotypic variability is expected, this study investigated the existence of intermediate chromatic phenotypes for T. b. macromelasoma in various locations in areas between the T. b. brasiliensis and T. juazeirensis occurrences. Thirteen different color patterns were for the first time characterized and nine of those displayed intermediate phenotypes. Molecular analysis performed using ribosomal DNA intergenic region, grouped all within the T. brasiliensis complex. The intermediate chromatic phenotypes, molecular analysis and experimental crosses all support the distinction of a zone of hybridization that gave rise to the T. b. macromelasoma through homoploidal evolution. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Costa, Jane; Neiva, Vanessa Lima] Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Lab Biodiversidade Entomol, BR-20001 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Bargues, Maria Dolores; Mateo, Lucia; Mas-Coma, Santiago] Univ Valencia, Fac Farm, Dept Parasitol, E-46010 Valencia, Spain. [Lawrence, Gena G.; Dotson, Ellen] CDC, Entomol Branch, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gumiel, Marcia] Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Lab Fisiol & Bioquim Insetos, BR-20001 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Oliveira, Genova] Secretaria Vigilancia Saude, Pernambuco, Brazil. [Cabello, Pedro] Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Lab Genet Humana, BR-20001 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Lima, Marli Maria] Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Lab Ecoepidemiol Doenca de Chagas, BR-20001 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Provance, David William, Jr.] CDTS, FIOCRUZ, Ctr Tecnol Saude, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Almeida, Carlos Eduardo] Univ Est Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, Araraquara, SP, Brazil. [Almeida, Carlos Eduardo] Univ Fed Paraiba, Prog PosGrad Ecol & Monitoramento Ambiental PPGEM, Campus 4, Joao Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil. [Dujardin, Jean Pierre] Inst Rech Dev, Montpellier, France. RP Costa, J (reprint author), Av Brasil 4365,Pav Mourisco 202, BR-21045900 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.; Almeida, CE (reprint author), Rua Mangueira S-N,Campus 4 Litoral Norte, BR-58297000 Rio Tinto, PB, Brazil. EM jcosta@ioc.fiocruz.br; almeida_ce@hotmail.com RI Almeida, Carlos Eduardo/E-7983-2014; Costa, Jane /K-6997-2012; Provance Jr., David/D-5294-2013 OI Provance Jr., David/0000-0002-9824-0672 FU RICET of RETICS [RD12/0018/0013]; VI National Plan of I + D + I, ISCIII - Subdireccion General de Redes y Centros de Investigacion Coopetariva; FEDER, Ministry of Health, Spain; Programa de Ayudas para Grupos de Investigacion de Excelencia, Generalitat Valenciana, Valencia, Spain [PROMETEO/2012/042]; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico, CNPq (DCR fellowship program); Fundacdo de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo, FAPESP [2010/17027-0, 2011/22378-0] FX Study was funded by projects: RICET (RD12/0018/0013 of RETICS), VI National Plan of I + D + I 2008-2011, ISCIII - Subdireccion General de Redes y Centros de Investigacion Coopetariva and FEDER, Ministry of Health, Spain; and PROMETEO/2012/042, Programa de Ayudas para Grupos de Investigacion de Excelencia, Generalitat Valenciana, Valencia, Spain. Technical support provided by the Servicio Central de Secuenciacion para la Investigacion Experimental (SCSIE) of the University of Valencia, Spain. Supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico, CNPq (DCR fellowship program) and Fundacdo de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo, FAPESP, process numbers 2010/17027-0 and 2011/22378-0. NR 63 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1567-1348 EI 1567-7257 J9 INFECT GENET EVOL JI Infect. Genet. Evol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 37 BP 77 EP 87 DI 10.1016/j.meegid.2015.10.025 PG 11 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DC1JW UT WOS:000368973600011 PM 26520796 ER PT J AU Kulkarni, R Patel, A Bhalla, S Chhabra, P Cherian, S Chitambar, SD AF Kulkarni, Ruta Patel, Amit Bhalla, Shilpa Chhabra, Preeti Cherian, Sarah Chitambar, Shobha D. TI Characterization of GII.4 noroviruses circulating among children with acute gastroenteritis in Pune, India: 2005-2013 SO INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Gastroenteritis; GII.4 norovirus; Variant; VP1; Epitope; India ID NORWALK-LIKE VIRUSES; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION PCR; HERD-IMMUNITY; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; EPOCHAL EVOLUTION; UNITED-STATES; WESTERN INDIA; SOUTH-INDIA; INFECTIONS; EMERGENCE AB Genogroup II genotype 4 noroviruses (GII.4 NoVs), an important cause of sporadic childhood gastroenteritis worldwide, undergo continuous evolution leading to the periodic emergence of novel variants. The present study was undertaken for surveillance of GII.4 NoVs and identification and characterization of GII.4 variants circulating among children with sporadic gastroenteritis in Pune, India during 2005-2013. Among the 12 GII genotypes detected in the study, GII.4 was predominant. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of ORF2 (major capsid protein VP1 gene) of the GII.4 NoVs revealed circulation of seven GII.4 variants, Hunter_2004 (2005-2007), Yerseke_2006a (2006), DenHaag_2006b (2007), Osaka_2007 (2007-2009), Apeldoorn_2007 (2008), New Orleans_2009 (2008-2012) and Sydney 2012 (2013), with the Pune strains grouping with the contemporary global reference strains. The Hunter 2004, Osaka_2007 and New Orleans_2009 variants showed prolonged circulation, with the Hunter_2004 and New Orleans_2009 variants differentiating into temporally separated sub-clusters. Analysis of VP1 sequences and predicted structures of the GII.4 variants identified variant specific amino acid positions, particularly in and near (within 8A degrees) the epitopes A-E, displaying differences in the sequence and physicochemical characteristics of the different variants. Comparison with the reference strains of each of the GILA variants revealed up toll amino acid substitutions at the variant specific positions in the GII.4 strains from Pune. Amino acid variations were also noted among the strains of the same GII.4 variant in Pune. The strains of different sub-clusters identified in the Hunter_2004 and New Orleans_2009 variants showed differences in sequence and physicochemical properties of either or all of the epitopes A, C and E. The study thus describes the temporal variations and diversity of the GII.4 strains in Pune and emphasizes continuous monitoring and analysis of the GII.4 variants. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kulkarni, Ruta; Patel, Amit; Bhalla, Shilpa; Chhabra, Preeti; Chitambar, Shobha D.] Natl Inst Virol, Enter Viruses Grp, 20-A Dr Ambedkar Rd, Pune 411001, Maharashtra, India. [Cherian, Sarah] Natl Inst Virol, Bioinforrnat Grp, Pune 411001, Maharashtra, India. [Chhabra, Preeti] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Gastroenteritis & Resp Virus Lab Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Chitambar, SD (reprint author), Natl Inst Virol, Enter Viruses Grp, 20-A Dr Ambedkar Rd, Pune 411001, Maharashtra, India. EM drshobha.niv@gmail.com FU University Grants Commission (UGC), New Delhi, India FX Authors would like to thank the University Grants Commission (UGC), New Delhi, India for supporting the first author (R.K.) with a Senior Research Fellowship and Dr. D.T. Mourya, Director, National Institute of Virology, Pune for his constant support. The laboratory assistance provided by Ms. Kanak Borawake and Mr. Vishal Jagtap is gratefully acknowledged. The authors also thank the India Meteorological Department for providing meteorological data for the study. NR 48 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1567-1348 EI 1567-7257 J9 INFECT GENET EVOL JI Infect. Genet. Evol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 37 BP 163 EP 173 DI 10.1016/j.meegid.2015.11.016 PG 11 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DC1JW UT WOS:000368973600023 PM 26611824 ER PT J AU Killmaster, LF Zemtsova, GE Montgomery, M Schumacher, L Burrows, M Levin, ML AF Killmaster, Lindsay F. Zemtsova, Galina E. Montgomery, Merrill Schumacher, Lauren Burrows, Matt Levin, Michael L. TI Isolation of a Rickettsia slovaca-Like Agent from Dermacentor variabilis Ticks in Vero Cell Culture SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Rickettsia slovaca; Dermacentor variabilis; Rickettsia isolation ID MARGINATUS AB Rickettsia slovaca is transmitted by Dermacentor marginatus ticks, and is the causative agent of tick-borne lymphadenopathy and Dermacentor-borne necrosis erythema lymphadenopathy throughout Europe. It has not been found in New World ticks, nor have tick-borne lymphadenopathy or Dermacentor-borne necrosis erythema lymphadenopathy been reported in humans in the Americas. Here we describe the isolation of a R. slovaca-like agent from D. variabilis nymphs from a colony of ticks derived from field collected adults. C1 [Killmaster, Lindsay F.; Zemtsova, Galina E.; Montgomery, Merrill; Schumacher, Lauren; Burrows, Matt; Levin, Michael L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd Northeast,Mailstop G13, Atlanta, GA 30029 USA. RP Levin, ML (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd Northeast,Mailstop G13, Atlanta, GA 30029 USA. EM mLevin@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 EI 1557-7759 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 16 IS 1 BP 61 EP 62 DI 10.1089/vbz.2015.1860 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DB6EJ UT WOS:000368606000011 PM 26771652 ER PT J AU Baughman, P Andrew, ME Burchfiel, CM Fekedulegn, D Hartley, TA Violanti, JM Miller, DB AF Baughman, Penelope Andrew, Michael E. Burchfiel, Cecil M. Fekedulegn, Desta Hartley, Tara A. Violanti, John M. Miller, Diane B. TI High-Protein Meal Challenge Reveals the Association Between the Salivary Cortisol Response and Metabolic Syndrome in Police Officers SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; RISK-FACTORS; ABDOMINAL OBESITY; WORK STRESS; POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS; MEN; NEUROENDOCRINE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; ABNORMALITIES AB Objectives: Policing is considered a high-stress occupation and officers have elevated cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. To investigate a potential connection, we evaluated the association between salivary cortisol response to a high-protein meal challenge and the metabolic syndrome (MetSyn), a subclinical disorder associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Methods: Cross-sectional data were from the Buffalo Cardio-Metabolic Occupational Police Stress (BCOPS) Study (2004-2009). MetSyn was defined as having >= 3 components: abdominal obesity, hypertension, elevated triglycerides, reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and glucose intolerance. Officers provided five saliva samples for cortisol analysis, one before challenge (high-protein shake) and four at 15-min intervals thereafter, where the usual response is increase. Regression models were used to examine trends in mean number of MetSyn components across quartiles of area under the curve (AUC) salivary cortisol. Patterns of mean cortisol response were assessed by MetSyn status using repeated-measures analysis of covariance. Results: Prevalence of MetSyn was 25.7% among 373 officers (74.0% male). The mean count of MetSyn components decreased (1.89, 1.75, 1.55, 1.37; P < 0.01) across increasing quartiles of AUC salivary cortisol. Mean salivary cortisol decreased from baseline (5.55, 4.58, 4.47, 4.79, 4.75 nmol/l) in officers with MetSyn and increased (5.08, 5.82, 5.92, 5.82, 5.60 nmol/l) in their counterparts. The test for interaction between MetSyn status and time of saliva collection was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Reduced cortisol response to a high-protein meal challenge may be associated with MetSyn. Future longitudinal studies could provide useful evidence for planning intervention studies on cardiovascular risk among police officers. (C) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Baughman, Penelope; Andrew, Michael E.; Burchfiel, Cecil M.; Fekedulegn, Desta; Hartley, Tara A.] NIOSH, Biostat & Epidemiol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV USA. [Baughman, Penelope] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Violanti, John M.] SUNY Buffalo, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Profess, Dept Epidemiol & Environm Hlth, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Miller, Diane B.] NIOSH, Toxicol & Mol Biol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Baughman, P (reprint author), NIOSH, 1095 Willowdale Rd,MS 4050, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM pbaughman@cdc.gov FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health [200-2003-01580] FX Contract grant sponsor: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; Contract grant number: 200-2003-01580. NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1042-0533 EI 1520-6300 J9 AM J HUM BIOL JI Am. J. Hum. Biol. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 28 IS 1 BP 138 EP 144 DI 10.1002/ajhb.22748 PG 7 WC Anthropology; Biology SC Anthropology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA DB4RO UT WOS:000368501000015 PM 26088798 ER PT J AU Basler, C Bottichio, L Higa, J Prado, B Wong, M Bosch, S AF Basler, C. Bottichio, L. Higa, J. Prado, B. Wong, M. Bosch, S. TI Notes From the Field: Multistate Outbreak of Human Salmonella Poona Infections Associated With Pet Turtle Exposure-United States, 2014 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Basler, C.] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Basler, C.; Bottichio, L.; Bosch, S.] CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Higa, J.; Wong, M.] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Sacramento, CA USA. [Prado, B.] City Long Beach Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Long Beach, CA USA. RP Basler, C (reprint author), CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.; Basler, C (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cbasler@cdc.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1600-6135 EI 1600-6143 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 16 IS 1 BP 364 EP 364 DI 10.1111/ajt.13681 PG 1 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA DB4TW UT WOS:000368507300043 PM 26781909 ER PT J AU Ding, YS Yan, XZ Wong, JH Chan, M Watson, CH AF Ding, Yan S. Yan, Xizheng Wong, Joshua Chan, Michele Watson, Clifford H. TI In Situ Derivatization and Quantification of Seven Carbonyls in Cigarette Mainstream Smoke SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; TOBACCO-SMOKE; ACETALDEHYDE AB Carbonyls, especially aldehydes, are a group of harmful volatile organic compounds that are found in tobacco smoke. Seven carbonyls are listed on the FDA's harmful and potential harmful constituents list for tobacco or tobacco smoke. Carbonyls have reactive functional groups and thus are challenging to quantitatively measure in cigarette smoke. The traditional method of measuring carbonyls in smoke involves solvent-filled impinger trapping and derivatization. This procedure is labor-intensive and generates significant volumes of hazardous waste. We have developed a new method to efficiently derivatize and trap carbonyls from mainstream smoke in situ on Cambridge filter pads. The derivatized carbonyls are extracted from the pads and subsequently quantified by ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. The new method has been validated and applied to research and commercial cigarettes. Carbonyl yields from research cigarettes are comparable to those from other published literature data. With a convenient smoke collection apparatus, a 4 min sample analysis time, and a low- or submicrogram detection limit, this new method not only simplifies and speeds the detection of an important class of chemical constituents in mainstream smoke but also reduces reactive losses and provides a more accurate assessment of carbonyl levels in smoke. Excellent accuracy (average 98%) and precision (14% average relative standard deviation in research cigarettes) ensure this new methods sufficient fidelity to characterize conventional combusted tobacco products, with potential application toward new or emerging products. C1 [Ding, Yan S.; Yan, Xizheng; Wong, Joshua; Chan, Michele; Watson, Clifford H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Tobacco Prod Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Ding, YS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Tobacco Prod Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM yding@cdc.gov FU U.S. Food and Drug Administration Center for Tobacco Products FX This study was funded through an interagency agreement by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Center for Tobacco Products. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Use of trade names and commercial sources is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0893-228X EI 1520-5010 J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 29 IS 1 BP 125 EP 131 DI 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.5b00474 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA DB5OB UT WOS:000368562400014 PM 26700249 ER PT J AU Assaf, S Campostrini, S Xu, F Crawford, CG AF Assaf, Shireen Campostrini, Stefano Xu, Fang Crawford, Carol Gotway TI Analysing behavioural risk factor surveillance data by using spatially and temporally varying coefficient models SO JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL STATISTICAL SOCIETY SERIES A-STATISTICS IN SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE 'Behavioral risk factor surveillance system'; Obesity; Odds ratio plots; Spatial probability maps; Surveillance; Temporal trends ID LONGITUDINAL DATA; SPLINE ESTIMATION; REGRESSION AB The study of temporal and spatial trends in large databases, such as behavioural risk factor surveillance data, can be a great challenge, especially when the intent is to study the time-related effects of multiple independent variables; this is an issue which is not usually addressed in trend analysis in epidemiological studies. This study demonstrates the use of varying coefficient models using non-parametric techniques, which can show how coefficients vary in time or space; it is a useful statistical tool that is applied for the first time to health surveillance data. Using the US 'Behavioral risk factor surveillance system', a varying coefficient model is constructed using obesity as an outcome measure. Odds ratio plots and probability maps illustrate the temporal or spatial changes in coefficients of the independent variables; these results can be used to identify changes in at-risk subgroups of the population for the odds of obesity. C1 [Assaf, Shireen] Univ Padua, I-35100 Padua, Italy. [Assaf, Shireen] ICF Int, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Campostrini, Stefano] Univ CaFoscari, Venice, Italy. [Xu, Fang] Northrop Grumman Corp, Atlanta, GA USA. [Crawford, Carol Gotway] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Assaf, S (reprint author), ICF Int, Demog & Hlth Surveys Program, Suite 500,530 Gaither Rd, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM shireen.assaf@icfi.com NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0964-1998 EI 1467-985X J9 J R STAT SOC A STAT JI J. R. Stat. Soc. Ser. A-Stat. Soc. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 179 IS 1 BP 153 EP 175 DI 10.1111/rssa.12114 PG 23 WC Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences; Mathematics GA DB2PZ UT WOS:000368352800005 ER PT J AU Pavkov, ME Weil, EJ Fufaa, GD Nelson, RG Lemley, KV Knowler, WC Niewczas, MA Krolewski, AS AF Pavkov, Meda E. Weil, E. Jennifer Fufaa, Gudeta D. Nelson, Robert G. Lemley, Kevin V. Knowler, William C. Niewczas, Monika A. Krolewski, Andrzej S. TI Tumor necrosis factor receptors 1 and 2 are associated with early glomerular lesions in type 2 diabetes SO KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE diabetic nephropathy; endothelium; kidney biopsy ID STRUCTURAL-FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIPS; TNF-ALPHA SYSTEM; ENDOTHELIAL-CELL; KIDNEY-DISEASE; RENAL-FUNCTION; NEPHROPATHY; MELLITUS; ALBUMINURIA; PROTEINURIA; PROGRESSION AB Elevated serum tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1) and 2 (TNFR2) concentrations are strongly associated with increased risk of end-stage renal disease in type 2 diabetes. However, little is known about the early glomerular structural lesions that develop in patients when these markers are elevated. Here, we examined the relationships between TNFRs and glomerular structure in 83 American Indians with type 2 diabetes. Serum TNFRs and glomerular filtration rate (GFR, iothalamate) were measured during a research exam performed within a median of 0.9 months from a percutaneous kidney biopsy. Associations of TNFRs with glomerular structural variables were quantified by Spearman's correlations and by multivariable linear regression after adjustment for age, gender, diabetes duration, hemoglobin A1c, body mass index, and mean arterial pressure. The baseline mean age was 46 years, median GFR 130 ml/min, median albumin/creatinine ratio 26 mg/g, median TNFR1 1500 pg/ml, and median TNFR2 3284 pg/ml. After multivariable adjustment, TNFR1 and TNFR2 significantly correlated inversely with the percentage of endothelial cell fenestration and the total filtration surface per glomerulus. There were significant positive correlations with mesangial fractional volume, glomerular basement membrane width, podocyte foot process width, and percentage of global glomerular sclerosis. Thus, TNFRs may be involved in the pathogenesis of early glomerular lesions in diabetic nephropathy. C1 [Pavkov, Meda E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Weil, E. Jennifer; Fufaa, Gudeta D.; Nelson, Robert G.; Knowler, William C.] NIDDK, Diabet Epidemiol & Clin Res Sect, NIH, Phoenix, AZ 85014 USA. [Lemley, Kevin V.] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Dept Pediat, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Niewczas, Monika A.; Krolewski, Andrzej S.] Joslin Diabet Ctr, Div Res, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Niewczas, Monika A.; Krolewski, Andrzej S.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA USA. RP Nelson, RG (reprint author), NIDDK, Diabet Epidemiol & Clin Res Sect, NIH, 1550 East Indian Sch Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85014 USA. EM rnelson@nih.gov FU National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; American Diabetes Association (Clinical Science Award) [1-08-CR-42]; National Institutes of Health: DRC [P30DK036836, DK41526, DK67638] FX This study was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, by the American Diabetes Association (Clinical Science Award 1-08-CR-42), and by grants from the National Institutes of Health: DRC P30DK036836 to MAN; DK41526 and DK67638 to ASK. Parts of this study were presented in abstract form at the American Society of Nephrology annual meeting and scientific exposition in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 13-16 November 2014. NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0085-2538 EI 1523-1755 J9 KIDNEY INT JI Kidney Int. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 89 IS 1 BP 226 EP 234 DI 10.1038/ki.2015.278 PG 9 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA DB2EO UT WOS:000368321300032 PM 26398493 ER PT J AU Johnson, CY Grajewski, B Lawson, CC Whelan, EA Bertke, SJ Tseng, CY AF Johnson, Candice Y. Grajewski, Barbara Lawson, Christina C. Whelan, Elizabeth A. Bertke, Stephen J. Tseng, Chih-Yu TI Occupational risk factors for endometriosis in a cohort of flight attendants SO SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF WORK ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH LA English DT Article DE circadian disruption; cohort study; radiation; work schedule ID BODY-SIZE; COMPANY RECORDS; RADIATION; DISRUPTION; HEALTH; WORK AB Objectives This study aimed to (i) compare odds of endometriosis in a cohort of flight attendants against a comparison group of teachers and (ii) investigate occupational risk factors for endometriosis among flight attendants. Methods We included 1945 flight attendants and 236 teachers aged 18-45 years. Laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis was self-reported via telephone interview, and flight records were retrieved from airlines to obtain work schedules and assess exposures for flight attendants. We used proportional odds regression to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORadj) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for associations between exposures and endometriosis, adjusting for potential confounders. Results Flight attendants and teachers were equally likely to report endometriosis (ORadj; 1.0, 95% CI 0.5-2.2). Among flight attendants, there were no clear trends between estimated cosmic radiation, circadian disruption, or ergonomic exposures and endometriosis. Greater number of flight segments (non-stop flights between two cities) per year was associated with endometriosis (ORadj 2.2, 1.1-4.2 for highest versus lowest quartile, P trend=0.02) but block hours (taxi plus flight time) per year was not (ORadj 1.2, 95% CI 0.6-2.2 for highest versus lowest quartile, P trend=0.38). Conclusion Flight attendants were no more likely than teachers to report endometriosis. Odds of endometriosis increased with number of flight segments flown per year. This suggests that some aspect of work scheduling is associated with increased risk of endometriosis, or endometriosis symptoms might affect how flight attendants schedule their flights. C1 [Johnson, Candice Y.; Grajewski, Barbara; Lawson, Christina C.; Whelan, Elizabeth A.; Bertke, Stephen J.; Tseng, Chih-Yu] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Johnson, Candice Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Johnson, CY (reprint author), NIOSH, 1090 Tusculum Ave MS R-15, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM cyjohnson@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL WORK ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH PI HELSINKI PA TOPELIUKSENKATU 41A, SF-00250 HELSINKI, FINLAND SN 0355-3140 EI 1795-990X J9 SCAND J WORK ENV HEA JI Scand. J. Work Environ. Health PD JAN PY 2016 VL 42 IS 1 BP 52 EP 60 DI 10.5271/sjweh.3538 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DB5LB UT WOS:000368554500007 PM 26645630 ER PT J AU Foshee, VA Benefield, TS Reyes, HLM Eastman, M Vivolo-Kantor, AM Basile, KC Ennett, ST Faris, R AF Foshee, Vangie A. Benefield, Thad S. Reyes, Heath Luz McNaughton Eastman, Meridith Vivolo-Kantor, Alana M. Basile, Kathleen C. Ennett, Susan T. Faris, Robert TI Examining Explanations for the Link Between Bullying Perpetration and Physical Dating Violence Perpetration: Do They Vary by Bullying Victimization? SO AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE bullying involvement; dating abuse; dating violence; conditional indirect effects ID ADOLESCENT CIGARETTE-SMOKING; SOCIAL NETWORK ANALYSIS; MIDDLE SCHOOL; PROTECTIVE FACTORS; DOMESTIC VIOLENCE; SEXUAL-HARASSMENT; PEER CONTEXT; YOUNG MEN; VICTIMS; AGGRESSION AB This short-term longitudinal study examined whether the association between bullying perpetration and later physical dating violence perpetration and mediators of that association (via anger, depression, anxiety, and social status), varied depending on level of bullying victimization. Differences have been noted between those who bully but are not victims of bullying, and those who are both bullies and victims. These differences may influence dating violence risk and the explanations for why bullying leads to dating violence. Data were from dating adolescents in three rural counties who completed self-administered questionnaires in the fall semester of grades 8-10 and again in the spring semester. The sample (N=2,414) was 44.08% male and 61.31% white. Bullying perpetration in the fall semester predicted physical dating violence perpetration in the spring semester when there was no bullying victimization, but not when there was any bullying victimization. Bullying perpetration was positively associated with anger at all levels of bullying victimization and with social status when there was no or low amounts of victimization; it was negatively associated with social status at high levels of victimization. Bullying victimization was positively associated with anger, depression, and anxiety at all levels of bullying perpetration. Anger mediated the association between bullying perpetration and dating violence, regardless of level of victimization; depression, anxiety, and social status did not mediate the association at any level of bullying victimization. The findings have implications for dating violence prevention efforts and for future research on the link between bullying and dating violence. (C) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Foshee, Vangie A.; Reyes, Heath Luz McNaughton; Eastman, Meridith; Ennett, Susan T.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Hlth Behav, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Benefield, Thad S.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Radiol, Carolina Mammog Registry, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Vivolo-Kantor, Alana M.; Basile, Kathleen C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Violence Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Faris, Robert] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Sociol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Foshee, VA (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Hlth Behav, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, 319B Rosenau Hall, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM foshee@email.unc.edu FU National Institute on Drug Abuse [R01 DA13459]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [R49 CCV423114]; CDC [13IPA1303570, 13IPA130569]; Dr. Foshee [13IPA1303570]; Dr. McNaughton Reyes [13IPA130569] FX This research was funded by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01 DA13459), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (R49 CCV423114), and an inter-personnel agency agreement (IPA) between Dr. Foshee and the CDC (13IPA1303570) and between Dr. McNaughton Reyes and the CDC (13IPA130569). All persons who contributed to the preparation of this manuscript are included as authors. NR 93 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 25 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0096-140X EI 1098-2337 J9 AGGRESSIVE BEHAV JI Aggressive Behav. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 42 IS 1 BP 66 EP 81 DI 10.1002/ab.21606 PG 16 WC Behavioral Sciences; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Behavioral Sciences; Psychology GA DB1AC UT WOS:000368239300006 PM 26299840 ER PT J AU Lynch, RJ Kistner, JA Stephens, HF David-Ferdon, C AF Lynch, Rebecca J. Kistner, Janet A. Stephens, Haley F. David-Ferdon, Corinne TI Positively Biased Self-perceptions of Peer Acceptance and Subtypes of Aggression in Children SO AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE aggression; middle childhood; peer rejection; perceptual bias; peer acceptance ID SOCIAL-PSYCHOLOGICAL ADJUSTMENT; ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; RELATIONAL AGGRESSION; GENDER-DIFFERENCES; SOCIOMETRIC STATUS; OVERT AGGRESSION; THREATENED EGOTISM; DARK SIDE; CHILDHOOD PREDICTORS; DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS AB There is a growing body of research linking children's positively biased self-perceptions with higher levels of aggression. This study extended this area of research by examining prospective associations of positively biased self-perceptions of peer acceptance with overt and relational aggression. In addition, moderating effects of peer rejection were examined to test the disputed overestimation hypothesis," which posits that the link between bias and aggression is limited to children who are rejected by their peers. Using a two-wave longitudinal design, measures of peer-rated and self-perceived peer acceptance and peer-rated overt and relational aggression were obtained for 712 children in 3rd through 5th grades (386 girls and 326 boys). Positively biased perceptions led to increases in relational, but not overt, aggression. This pattern was observed even when the effects of gender, race, peer rejection, and overt aggression on relational aggression were controlled. Contrary to the disputed overestimation hypothesis, the prospective associations between bias and aggression did not vary as a function of children's peer rejection status, thus supporting the view that positive bias predicts future aggressive behavior, regardless of social status. The results are discussed in terms of the comparability with previous findings and practical implications. (C) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Lynch, Rebecca J.; Kistner, Janet A.; Stephens, Haley F.] Florida State Univ, Dept Psychol, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [David-Ferdon, Corinne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lynch, RJ (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Dept Psychol, 1107 West Call St, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. EM lynch@psy.fsu.edu FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 86 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0096-140X EI 1098-2337 J9 AGGRESSIVE BEHAV JI Aggressive Behav. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 42 IS 1 BP 82 EP 96 DI 10.1002/ab.21611 PG 15 WC Behavioral Sciences; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Behavioral Sciences; Psychology GA DB1AC UT WOS:000368239300007 PM 26423823 ER PT J AU Yiin, JH Daniels, RD Kubale, TL Dunn, KL Stayner, LT AF Yiin, James H. Daniels, Robert D. Kubale, Travis L. Dunn, Kevin L. Stayner, Leslie T. TI A Study Update of Mortality in Workers at a Phosphate Fertilizer Production Facility SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE phosphate fertilizer production; lung cancer; leukemia; standardized mortality ratios; exposure-response; occupational epidemiology ID TABLE ANALYSIS SYSTEM; ACID MISTS; MANUFACTURING FACILITIES; LARYNGEAL-CANCER; FOLLOW-UP; FLORIDA; EXPOSURE; INDUSTRY AB Objective To evaluate the mortality experience among 3,199 workers employed 1951-1976 at a phosphate fertilizer production plant in central Florida with follow-up through2011. Methods Cause-specific standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) for the full cohort were calculated with the U.S. population as referent. Lung cancer and leukemia risks were further analyzed using conditional logistic regression. Results The mortality due to all-causes (SMR = 1.07, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02-1.13, observed deaths [n] = 1,473), all-cancers (SMR = 1.16, 95% CI 1.06-1.28, n = 431), and a priori outcomes of interests including lung cancer (SMR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.13-1.53, n = 168) and leukemia (SMR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.11-2.62, n = 23) were statistically significantly elevated. Regression modeling on employment duration or estimated radiation scores did not show exposure-response relation with lung cancer or leukemia mortality. Conclusion SMR results showed increased lung cancer and leukemia mortality in a full cohort of the phosphate fertilizer production facility. There was, however, no exposure-response relation observed among cases and matched controls. (C) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Yiin, James H.; Daniels, Robert D.; Kubale, Travis L.; Dunn, Kevin L.] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studie, CDC, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Stayner, Leslie T.] Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, Chicago, IL USA. RP Yiin, JH (reprint author), NIOSH, Industrywide Studies Branch, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1090 Tusculum Ave,MailStop R-15, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM jcy5@cdc.gov FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) FX We acknowledge and thank current and former National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) staff and contractors for their contributions to the collection, coding, and management of data for the original study and this update. We also acknowledge the National Death Index for providing death data for the study. Research funding was provided by the intramural research program of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0271-3586 EI 1097-0274 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 59 IS 1 BP 12 EP 22 DI 10.1002/ajim.22542 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DA7UQ UT WOS:000368010400002 PM 26523937 ER PT J AU Ports, KA Ford, DC Merrick, MT AF Ports, Katie A. Ford, Derek C. Merrick, Melissa T. TI Adverse childhood experiences and sexual victimization in adulthood SO CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT LA English DT Article DE ACEs; Adverse childhood experiences; Child sexual abuse; Adult sexual victimization; Sexual re-victimization ID INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE; HOUSEHOLD DYSFUNCTION; PHYSICAL ABUSE; RISK-FACTORS; REVICTIMIZATION; WOMEN; MALTREATMENT; BEHAVIORS; NEGLECT; ASSAULT AB Understanding the link between adverse childhood experiences (ACES) and sexual victimization (SV) in adulthood may provide important information about the level of risk for adult SV and sexual re-victimization among childhood sexual abuse (CSA) survivors. In the present paper, we explore the relationship between ACEs, including CSA, and SV in adulthood. Data from the CDC-Kaiser ACE Study were used to examine the effect of experiences of early adversity on adult SV. Adult HMO members (n = 7,272) undergoing a routine health exam provided detailed information about ACEs that occurred at age 18 or younger and their experiences of SV in adulthood. Analyses revealed that as ACE score increased, so did risk of experiencing SV in adulthood. Each of the ACE variables was significantly associated with adult SV, with CSA being the strongest predictor of adult SV. In addition, for those who reported CSA, there was a cumulative increase in adult SV risk with each additional ACE experienced. As such, early adversity is a risk factor for adult SV. In particular, CSA is a significant risk factor for sexual re-victimization in adulthood, and additional early adversities experienced by CSA survivors may heighten adult SV risk above and beyond the risk associated with CSA alone. Given the interconnectedness among various experiences of early adversity, adult SV prevention actions must consider how other violence-related and non-violence-related traumatic experiences may exacerbate the risk conferred by CSA on subsequent victimization. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Ports, Katie A.; Ford, Derek C.; Merrick, Melissa T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injtny Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Ports, KA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injtny Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 57 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0145-2134 EI 1873-7757 J9 CHILD ABUSE NEGLECT JI Child Abuse Negl. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 51 BP 313 EP 322 DI 10.1016/j.chiabu.2015.08.017 PG 10 WC Family Studies; Psychology, Social; Social Work SC Family Studies; Psychology; Social Work GA DB0PW UT WOS:000368211000030 PM 26386753 ER PT J AU Metcalf, BJ Gertz, RE Gladstone, RA Walker, H Sherwood, LK Jackson, D Li, Z Law, C Hawkins, PA Chochua, S Sheth, M Rayamajhi, N Bentley, SD Kim, L Whitney, CG McGee, L Beall, B AF Metcalf, B. J. Gertz, R. E., Jr. Gladstone, R. A. Walker, H. Sherwood, L. K. Jackson, D. Li, Z. Law, C. Hawkins, P. A. Chochua, S. Sheth, M. Rayamajhi, N. Bentley, S. D. Kim, L. Whitney, C. G. McGee, L. Beall, B. CA Active Bacterial Core Surveillance TI Strain features and distributions in pneumococci from children with invasive disease before and after 13-valent conjugate vaccine implementation in the USA SO CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Antimicrobial susceptibility; clonal complexes; pneumococcal conjugate vaccines; serotype distributions; whole genome sequence ID PNEUMONIAE SEROTYPE 19A; BETA-LACTAM RESISTANCE; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; UNITED-STATES; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; POLYSACCHARIDE; CLONE; 15B; PCR AB The effect of second-generation pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) strain distributions have not yet been well described. We analysed IPD isolates recovered from children aged <5 years through Active Bacterial Core surveillance before (2008-2009; n = 828) and after (2011-2013; n = 600) 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) implementation. We employed conventional testing, PCR/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and whole genome sequence (WGS) analysis to identify serotypes, resistance features, genotypes, and pilus types. PCV13, licensed in February 2010, effectively targeted all major 19A and 7F genotypes, and decreased antimicrobial resistance, primarily owing to removal of the 19A/ST320 complex. The strain complex contributing most to the remaining beta-lactam resistance during 2011-2013 was 35B/ST558. Significant emergence of non-vaccine clonal complexes was not evident. Because of the removal of vaccine serotype strains, positivity for one or both pilus types (PI-1 and PI-2) decreased in the post-PCV13 years 2011-2013 relative to 2008-2009 (decreases of 32-55% for PI-1, and >95% for PI-2 and combined PI-1 + PI-2). beta-Lactam susceptibility phenotypes correlated consistently with transpeptidase region sequence combinations of the three major penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) determined through WGS analysis. Other major resistance features were predictable by DNA signatures from WGS analysis. Multilocus sequence data combined with PBP combinations identified progeny, serotype donors and recipient strains in serotype switch events. PCV13 decreased the frequency of all PCV13 serotype clones and concurrently decreased the frequency of strain subsets with resistance and/or adherence features conducive to successful carriage. Our results serve as a reference describing key features of current paediatric IPD strains in the USA after PCV13 implementation. Clinical Microbiology and Infection published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. C1 [Metcalf, B. J.; Gertz, R. E., Jr.; Walker, H.; Sherwood, L. K.; Jackson, D.; Li, Z.; Law, C.; Hawkins, P. A.; Chochua, S.; Rayamajhi, N.; Kim, L.; Whitney, C. G.; McGee, L.; Beall, B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Gladstone, R. A.; Bentley, S. D.] Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Hinxton, GA USA. [Gladstone, R. A.; Bentley, S. D.] Univ Cambridge, Addenbrookes Hosp, Dept Med, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, England. [Sheth, M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Beall, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM bbeall@cdc.gov FU Advanced Molecular Detection (AMD) initiative at CDC; Gates Foundation [OPP1034556]; Sanger Institute core grant (Welcome Trust) [098051]; Wellcome Trust FX Major funding for this work was provided through support from the Advanced Molecular Detection (AMD) initiative at CDC. This work was supported in part by the Gates Foundation Grant OPP1034556 to Emory University and the Sanger Institute core grant (Welcome Trust Grant 098051), which funded half of the genome sequencing costs. We thank J. Jorgensen and his laboratory group for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of all isolates other than those recovered in Georgia and Minnesota during the period 2005-2012. We are grateful to the Minnesota Department of Public Health laboratory for pneumococcal serotyping and susceptibility testing of all isolates recovered in Minnesota. We thank the following individuals for their contributions to the establishment and maintenance of the ABCs system. California Emerging Infections Program: A. Reingold, S. Brooks, and H. Randel. Colorado Emerging Infections Program: L. Miller, B. White, D. Aragon, M. Barnes, and J. Sadlowski. Connecticut Emerging Infections Program: S. Petit, M. Cartter, C. Marquez, and M. Wilson. Georgia Emerging Infections Program: M. Farley, S. Thomas, A. Tunali, and W. Baughman. Maryland Emerging Infections Program: L. Harrison, J. Benton, T. Carter, R. Hollick, K. Holmes, and A. Riner. Minnesota Emerging Infections Program: R. Lynfield, C. Holtzman, R. Danila, and K. MacInnes. New Mexico Emerging Infections Program: K. Scherzinger, K. Angeles, J. Bareta, L. Butler, S. Khanlian, R. Mansmann, and M. Nichols. New York Emerging Infections Program: N. Bennett, S. Zansky, S. Currenti, and S. McGuire. Oregon Emerging Infections Program: A. Thomas, M. Schmidt, J. Thompson, and T. Poissant. Tennessee Emerging Infections Program: W. Schaffner, B. Barnes, K. Leib, K. Dyer, and L. McKnight. CDC: R. Gierke, K.-A. Toews, E. Weston, L. McGlone, and G. Langley. This publication made use of the Streptococcus pneumoniae MLST website (http://pubmlst.org/spneumoniae/) sited at the University of Oxford (Jolley & Maiden 2010, BMC Bioinformatics, 11: 595). The development of this site has been funded by the Wellcome Trust. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors, and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1198-743X EI 1469-0691 J9 CLIN MICROBIOL INFEC JI Clin. Microbiol. Infect. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 22 IS 1 DI 10.1016/j.cmi2015.08.027 PG 21 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DA7ZT UT WOS:000368024800015 ER PT J AU Kucharska-Newton, AM Heiss, G Ni, HY Stearns, SC Puccinelli-Ortega, N Wruck, LM Chambless, L AF Kucharska-Newton, Anna M. Heiss, Gerardo Ni, Hanyu Stearns, Sally C. Puccinelli-Ortega, Nicole Wruck, Lisa M. Chambless, Lloyd TI Identification of Heart Failure Events in Medicare Claims: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study SO JOURNAL OF CARDIAC FAILURE LA English DT Article DE Heart failure; Medicare claims; validation; diagnostic codes ID ADMINISTRATIVE DATA; PREVALENCE AB Background: We examined the accuracy of Medicare heart failure (HF) diagnostic codes in the identification of acute decompensated (ADHF and chronic stable (CSHF) HF. Methods and Results: Hospitalizations were identified from medical discharge records for Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study participants with linked Medicare Provider Analysis and Review (MedPAR) files for the years 2005-2009. The ARIC study classification of ADHF and CSHF, based on adjudicated review of medical records, was considered to be the criterion standard. A total 8,239 ARIC medical records and MedPAR records meeting fee-for-service (FFS) criteria matched on unique participant ID and date of discharge (68.5% match). Agreement between HF diagnostic codes from the 2 data sources found in the matched records for codes in any position (K > 0.9) was attenuated for primary diagnostic codes (K < 0.8). Sensitivity of HF diagnostic codes found in Medicare claims in the identification of ADBF and CSHF was low, especially for the primary diagnostic codes. Conclusion: Matching of hospitalizations from Medicare claims with those obtained from abstracted medical records is incomplete, even for hospitalizations meeting FT'S criteria. Within matched records, HF diagnostic codes from Medicare show excellent agreement with HF diagnostic codes obtained from medical record abstraction. The Medicare data may, however, overestimate the occurrence of hospitalized ADHF or CSHF. (J Cardiac Fail 2016;22:48-55) C1 [Kucharska-Newton, Anna M.; Heiss, Gerardo] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. [Ni, Hanyu] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Stearns, Sally C.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. [Puccinelli-Ortega, Nicole] Wake Forest Univ, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Wruck, Lisa M.; Chambless, Lloyd] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biostat, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. RP Kucharska-Newton, AM (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Cardiovasc Dis Program, 137 E Franklin St,Suite 306, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA. EM anna_newton@unc.edu FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [HHSN268201100005 C, HHSN 268201100006 C, HHSN268201100007 C, HHSN2682011 00008 C, HHSN268201100009 C, HHSN268201100010 C, HHSN268201100011 C, HHSN268201100012 C] FX The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study is a collaborative study supported by National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute contracts HHSN268201100005 C, HHSN 268201100006 C, HHSN268201100007 C, HHSN2682011 00008 C, HHSN268201100009 C, HHSN268201100010 C, HHSN268201100011 C, and HHSN268201100012 C. The authors thank the staff and participants of the ARIC study for their important contributions. NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE INC MEDICAL PUBLISHERS PI PHILADELPHIA PA CURTIS CENTER, INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 1071-9164 EI 1532-8414 J9 J CARD FAIL JI J. Card. Fail. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 22 IS 1 BP 48 EP 55 DI 10.1016/j.cardfail.2015.07.013 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA DA7EJ UT WOS:000367967100009 PM 26211720 ER PT J AU Zehnbauer, BA Buchman, TG AF Zehnbauer, Barbara A. Buchman, Timothy G. TI Precision Diagnosis Is a Team Sport SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Zehnbauer, Barbara A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Lab Syst Programs Stand & Serv, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Buchman, Timothy G.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Emory Crit Care Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA. [Buchman, Timothy G.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Zehnbauer, BA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Lab Syst Programs Stand & Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,MS E-56, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM bzehnbauer@cdc.gov; tbuchma@emory.edu NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1525-1578 EI 1943-7811 J9 J MOL DIAGN JI J. Mol. Diagn. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 18 IS 1 BP 1 EP 2 DI 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2015.11.001 PG 2 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA DB0PZ UT WOS:000368211300001 PM 26706196 ER PT J AU Pratt, VM Everts, RE Aggarwal, P Beyer, BN Broeckel, U Epstein-Baak, R Hujsak, P Kornreich, R Liao, J Lorier, R Scott, SA Smith, CH Toji, LH Turner, A Kalman, LV AF Pratt, Victoria M. Everts, Robin E. Aggarwal, Praful Beyer, Brittany N. Broeckel, Ulrich Epstein-Baak, Ruth Hujsak, Paul Kornreich, Ruth Liao, Jun Lorier, Rachel Scott, Stuart A. Smith, Chingying Huang Toji, Lorraine H. Turner, Amy Kalman, Lisa V. TI Characterization of 137 Genomic DNA Reference Materials for 28 Pharmacogenetic Genes A GeT-RM Collaborative Project SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS LA English DT Article ID CYP2D6; CYP2C19; ALLELE; ASSOCIATION; GENOTYPES; TESTS AB Pharmacogenetic testing is increasingly available from clinical Laboratories. However, only a limited number of quality control and other reference materials are currently available to support clinical testing. To address this need, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-based Genetic Testing Reference Material Coordination Program, in collaboration with members of the pharmacogenetic testing community and the Coriell Cell Repositories, has characterized 137 genomic DNA samples for 28 genes commonly genotyped by pharmacogenetic testing assays (CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, CYP3A4, CYP3A5, CYP4F2, DPYD, GSTM1, GSTP1, GSTT1, 1NATI, NAT2, SLC15A2, 5LC22A2, SLC01B1, SLC02B1, TPMT, UGT1A1, UGT2B7, UGT2B15, UGT2B17, and VKORC1). One hundred thirty-seven Coriell cell lines were selected based on ethnic diversity and partial genotype characterization from earlier testing. DNA samples were coded and distributed to volunteer testing laboratories for targeted genotyping using a number of commercially available and Laboratory developed tests. Through consensus verification, we confirmed the presence of at Least 108 variant pharmacogenetic alleles. These samples are also being characterized by other pharmacogenetic assays, including next-generation sequencing, which will be reported separately. Genotyping results were consistent among Laboratories, with most differences in allele assignments attributed to assay design and variability in reported allele nomenclature, particularly for CYP2D6, UGT1A1, and VKORC1. These publicly available samples will help ensure the accuracy of pharmacogenetic testing. C1 [Pratt, Victoria M.; Beyer, Brittany N.] Indiana Univ Sch Med, Dept Med & Mol Genet, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Everts, Robin E.] Agena Biosci, San Diego, CA USA. [Aggarwal, Praful; Broeckel, Ulrich; Lorier, Rachel; Turner, Amy] Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Pediat, Sect Genom Pediat, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. [Epstein-Baak, Ruth] Autogenomics Inc, Dept TechSupport, Vista, CA USA. [Hujsak, Paul; Smith, Chingying Huang] Autogenomics Inc, Res & Dev, Vista, CA USA. [Kornreich, Ruth; Liao, Jun; Scott, Stuart A.] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Dept Genet & Genom Sci, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Toji, Lorraine H.] Coriell Inst Med Res, Coriell Cell Repositories, Camden, NJ USA. [Kalman, Lisa V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Lab Syst, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kalman, LV (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Res Lab, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop G23, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lkalman@cdc.gov FU IGNITE project [U01HG007762]; Indiana University Health-Indiana University School of Medicine Strategic Research Initiative; NIH grant from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences [K23 GM104401] FX Supported by the IGNITE project grant U01HG007762 and the Indiana University Health-Indiana University School of Medicine Strategic Research Initiative (V.M.P.), and in part by NIH grant K23 GM104401 from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (S.A.S.). NR 26 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1525-1578 EI 1943-7811 J9 J MOL DIAGN JI J. Mol. Diagn. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 18 IS 1 BP 109 EP 123 DI 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2015.08.005 PG 15 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA DB0PZ UT WOS:000368211300013 PM 26621101 ER PT J AU Ross, CS Brewer, RD Jernigan, DH AF Ross, Craig S. Brewer, Robert D. Jernigan, David H. TI The Potential Impact of a "No-Buy" List on Youth Exposure to Alcohol Advertising on Cable Television SO JOURNAL OF STUDIES ON ALCOHOL AND DRUGS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-SCHOOL-STUDENTS; UNDERAGE DRINKING; UNITED-STATES; EXPECTANCIES; CONSUMPTION; ASSOCIATION; BEHAVIORS; HARMS; RISK; ADS AB Objective: The purpose of this study was to outline a method to improve alcohol industry compliance with its self-regulatory advertising placement guidelines on television with the goal of reducing youth exposure to noncompliant advertisements. Method: Data were sourced from Nielsen (The Nielsen Company, New York, NY) for all alcohol advertisements on television in the United States for 2005-2012. A "no-buy" list, that is a list of cable television programs and networks to be avoided when purchasing alcohol advertising, was devised using three criteria: avoid placements on programs that were noncompliant in the past (serially noncompliant), avoid placements on networks at times of day when youth make up a high proportion of the audience (high-risk network dayparts), and use a "guardbanded" (or more restrictive) composition guideline when placing ads on low-rated programs (low rated). Results: Youth were exposed to 15.1 billion noncompliant advertising impressions from 2005 to 2012, mostly on cable television. Together, the three no-buy list criteria accounted for 99% of 12.9 billion noncompliant advertising exposures on cable television for youth ages 2-20 years. When we evaluated the no-buy list criteria sequentially and mutually exclusively, serially noncompliant ads accounted for 67% of noncompliant exposure, high-risk network-daypart ads accounted for 26%, and low-rated ads accounted for 7%. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the prospective use of the no-buy list criteria when purchasing alcohol advertising could eliminate most noncompliant advertising exposures and could be incorporated into standard post-audit procedures that are widely used by the alcohol industry in assessing exposure to television advertising. C1 [Ross, Craig S.] Fiorente Media Inc, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Brewer, Robert D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jernigan, David H.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Alcohol Mkt & Youth, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Ross, CS (reprint author), Fiorente Media Inc, POB 727, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM csr@fiorentemedia.com FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [5U58DP002027]; National Institutes of Health [T32 HD052458] FX This study was supported by Cooperative Agreement Number 5U58DP002027 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Craig Ross's work on this project was supported, in part, by National Institutes of Health Grant T32 HD052458 (Boston University Reproductive, Perinatal, and Pediatric Epidemiology training program). This study's contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the National Institutes of Health. NR 49 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 9 PU ALCOHOL RES DOCUMENTATION INC CENT ALCOHOL STUD RUTGERS UNIV PI PISCATAWAY PA C/O DEIRDRE ENGLISH, 607 ALLISON RD, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08854-8001 USA SN 1937-1888 EI 1938-4114 J9 J STUD ALCOHOL DRUGS JI J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs PD JAN PY 2016 VL 77 IS 1 BP 7 EP 16 PG 10 WC Substance Abuse; Psychology SC Substance Abuse; Psychology GA DB0QC UT WOS:000368211600002 PM 26751350 ER PT J AU Radcliff, E Delmelle, E Kirby, RS Laditka, SB Correia, J Cassell, CH AF Radcliff, Elizabeth Delmelle, Eric Kirby, Russell S. Laditka, Sarah B. Correia, Jane Cassell, Cynthia H. TI Factors Associated with Travel Time and Distance to Access Hospital Care Among Infants with Spina Bifida SO MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Access to care; Children with special needs; GIS; Spina bifida; Travel ID GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION-SYSTEMS; BIRTH-DEFECTS SURVEILLANCE; NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; HEALTH-CARE; NATIONAL-SURVEY; UNITED-STATES; MEDICAL HOME; CHILDREN; NEEDS; DISPARITIES AB Objectives Using geographic information systems (GIS), we examined travel time and distance to access hospital care for infants with spina bifida (SB). Methods This study was a statewide, population-based analysis of Florida-born children with SB, 1998-2007, identified by the Florida Birth Defects Registry and linked to hospitalizations. We geocoded maternal residence at delivery and identified hospital locations for infants (<1 year). Using 2007 Florida Department of Transportation road data, we calculated one-way mean travel time and distance to access hospital care. We used Poisson regression to examine selected factors associated with travel time and distance [<= 30 vs. >30 min/miles (reference)], including presence of hydrocephalus and SB type [isolated (no other major birth defect) versus non-isolated SB]. Results For 612 infants, one-way mean (median) travel time was 45.1 (25.9) min. Infants with both non-isolated SB and hydrocephalus traveled longest to access hospitals (mean 60.8 min/48.5 miles; median 34.2 min/26.9 miles). In adjusted results, infants with non-isolated SB and whose mothers had a rural residence were less likely to travel <= 30 min to hospitals. Infants born to mothers in minority racial/ethnic groups were more likely to travel <= 30 min. Conclusions Birth defects registry data and GIS-based methods can be used to evaluate geographic accessibility to hospital care for infants with birth defects. Results can help to identify geographic barriers to accessing hospital care, such as travel time and distance, and inform opportunities to improve access to care for infants with SB or other special needs. C1 [Radcliff, Elizabeth] Univ S Carolina, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, South Carolina Rural Hlth Res Ctr, Columbia, SC 29210 USA. [Delmelle, Eric] Univ N Carolina, Dept Geog & Earth Sci, Coll Liberal Arts & Sci, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. [Delmelle, Eric] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Appl GISci, Coll Liberal Arts & Sci, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. [Kirby, Russell S.] Univ S Florida, Dept Community & Family Hlth, Coll Publ Hlth, Birth Defects Surveillance Program, Tampa, FL USA. [Laditka, Sarah B.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Coll Hlth & Human Serv, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. [Correia, Jane] Florida Birth Defects Registry, Florida Dept Hlth, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Cassell, Cynthia H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Radcliff, E (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, South Carolina Rural Hlth Res Ctr, 220 Stonebridge Dr,Suite 102, Columbia, SC 29210 USA. EM radclife@mailbox.sc.edu FU March of Dimes Foundation [5-FY09-533] FX Supported in part by Research Grant #5-FY09-533 from the March of Dimes Foundation. The authors thank the entire staff of the FBDR within the FDOH, the FDOH Children's Medical Services Program, and the Florida AHCA. We could not have obtained these data without the help of these agencies. We also thank April Dawson, M.P.H., with CDC's National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities (NCBDDD) for her invaluable SAS expertise and assistance in constructing variables and Jason Salemi, Ph.D., M.P.H., with the Baylor College of Medicine and Marie Bailey, M.A., with the FDOH for consultations on data linkages and variables. We also thank Adrienne Henderson, MPH, and Gloria Barker with AHCA, Florida Center for Health Information and Policy Analysis, and Karen Freeman, M.P.H, M.S., with the FDOH for consultations on hospital discharge data and hospitals. We also acknowledge Chris Duclos from the Environmental Public Health Tracking Program, Bureau of Epidemiology, Division of Disease Control and Health Protection at the FDOH, and Coline Dony, M.S., with the Department of Geography and Earth Sciences and the Center for Applied GIScience at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte, who provided valuable input on the quality of the road network data and figures and who helped with calculating travel time and distance. We are grateful to six anonymous reviewers for useful feedback about this research. NR 58 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1092-7875 EI 1573-6628 J9 MATERN CHILD HLTH J JI Matern. Child Health J. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 20 IS 1 BP 205 EP 217 DI 10.1007/s10995-015-1820-0 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DB0LM UT WOS:000368199600023 ER PT J AU Leone, RM Parrott, DJ Swartout, KM Tharp, AT AF Leone, Ruschelle M. Parrott, Dominic J. Swartout, Kevin M. Tharp, Andra Teten TI Masculinity and Bystander Attitudes: Moderating Effects of Masculine Gender Role Stress SO PSYCHOLOGY OF VIOLENCE LA English DT Article DE bystander intervention; sex roles; sexual aggression; traditional masculinity; masculine gender role stress ID SEXUAL ASSAULT PREVENTION; VIOLENCE PREVENTION; PRECARIOUS MANHOOD; AGGRESSION; PERPETRATION; EMERGENCIES; STRATEGIES; EDUCATION; PREDICT; MODELS AB Objective: The purpose of the current study was to examine the bystander decision-making process as a mechanism by which men's adherence to various dimensions of traditional masculinity is associated with their confidence to intervene in sexually aggressive events. Further, this study examined the stress men experience from their attempts to adhere to traditional male gender roles as a moderator of this mediational path. Method: Participants (n = 252) completed measures of traditional masculinity, decisional balance (i.e., weighing the pros and cons) for intervening, masculine gender roles stress, and bystander efficacy. Results: The belief that men must attain social status was associated with more confidence in men's ability to intervene. This effect was mediated by greater perceived positive consequences for intervention among men high, but not low, in masculine gender role stress. The belief that men should be tough and aggressive was associated with greater perceived negative consequences for intervention and less confidence to intervene. The belief that men should not act in stereotypically feminine ways was directly associated with less confidence for intervention. Conclusions: Findings highlight the importance of examining masculinity from a multidimensional perspective to better understand how adherence to various norms differentially influences bystander behavior. These findings may help to inform bystander intervention programming. C1 [Leone, Ruschelle M.; Parrott, Dominic J.; Swartout, Kevin M.] Georgia State Univ, Dept Psychol, Atlanta, GA 30302 USA. [Tharp, Andra Teten] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Parrott, DJ (reprint author), Georgia State Univ, Dept Psychol, POB 5010, Atlanta, GA 30302 USA. EM parrott@gsu.edu FU Centers for Disease Control; Georgia State University FX This research was supported by a joint grant by the Centers for Disease Control and Georgia State University to D.J.P. and A.T.T. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 12 PU EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHING FOUNDATION-AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST, NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 2152-0828 EI 2152-081X J9 PSYCHOL VIOLENCE JI Psychol. Violence PD JAN PY 2016 VL 6 IS 1 BP 82 EP 90 DI 10.1037/a0038926 PG 9 WC Psychology, Clinical; Criminology & Penology; Family Studies SC Psychology; Criminology & Penology; Family Studies GA DA9PV UT WOS:000368142900012 ER PT J AU Muir-Paulik, SA Johnson, LEA Kennedy, P Aden, T Villanueva, J Reisdorf, E Humes, R Moen, AC AF Muir-Paulik, S. A. Johnson, L. E. A. Kennedy, P. Aden, T. Villanueva, J. Reisdorf, E. Humes, R. Moen, A. C. TI Measuring laboratory-based influenza surveillance capacity: development of the 'International Influenza Laboratory Capacity Review' Tool SO PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Influenza; Capacity building; Tool; Quantitative analysis; Assessment AB Objectives: The 2005 International Health Regulations (IHR 2005) emphasized the importance of laboratory capacity to detect emerging diseases including novel influenza viruses. To support IHR 2005 requirements and the need to enhance influenza laboratory surveillance capacity, the Association of Public Health Laboratories (APHL) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Influenza Division developed the International Influenza Laboratory Capacity Review (Tool). Study design: Data from 37 assessments were reviewed and analyzed to verify that the quantitative analysis results accurately depicted a laboratory's capacity and capabilities. Methods: Subject matter experts in influenza and laboratory practice used an iterative approach to develop the Tool incorporating feedback and lessons learnt through piloting and implementation. To systematically analyze assessment data, a quantitative framework for analysis was added to the Tool. Results: The review indicated that changes in scores consistently reflected enhanced or decreased capacity. The review process also validated the utility of adding a quantitative analysis component to the assessments and the benefit of establishing a baseline from which to compare future assessments in a standardized way. Conclusions: Use of the Tool has provided APHL, CDC and each assessed laboratory with a standardized analysis of the laboratory's capacity. The information generated is used to improve laboratory systems for laboratory testing and enhance influenza surveillance globally. We describe the development of the Tool and lessons learnt. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Muir-Paulik, S. A.] Assoc Publ Hlth Labs, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Johnson, L. E. A.; Villanueva, J.; Moen, A. C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Kennedy, P.] McKing Consulting Corp, Fairfax, VA 22031 USA. [Aden, T.] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. [Reisdorf, E.] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin State Lab Hyg, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Humes, R.] Hlth & Human Serv, Biomed Adv Res Dev Author, Off Assistant Secretary Preparedness & Response, Washington, DC 20024 USA. RP Muir-Paulik, SA (reprint author), GAP Solut Inc, 12054 North Shore Dr, Reston, VA 20190 USA. EM smuirpaulik@gmail.com FU federal funds from a federal program; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U60HM000803] FX This project was partially funded with federal funds from a federal program of $1,197,000. This publication was supported by Cooperative Agreement #U60HM000803 funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of CDC or the Department of Health and Human Services; National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (IP); Office of Surveillance, Epidemiology and Laboratory Services (OSELS); National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STDs and TB Prevention (PS); National Center for Zoonotic, Vector-borne, and Enteric Diseases (CK); National Center for Environmental Health (NCEH); and Coordination Office for Terrorism Preparedness and Emergency Response (CTPER). NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO LTD PI LONDON PA 32 JAMESTOWN RD, LONDON NW1 7BY, ENGLAND SN 0033-3506 EI 1476-5616 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH JI Public Health PD JAN PY 2016 VL 130 BP 72 EP 77 DI 10.1016/j.puhe.2015.09.007 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DB1IE UT WOS:000368261000011 PM 26531044 ER PT J AU Matos, D Tomashek, KM Perez-Padilla, J Munoz-Jordan, J Hunsperger, E Horiuchi, K Noyd, D Winton, C Foster, G Lanteri, M Linnen, JM Stramer, SL AF Matos, Desiree Tomashek, Kay M. Perez-Padilla, Janice Munoz-Jordan, Jorge Hunsperger, Elizabeth Horiuchi, Kalanthe Noyd, David Winton, Colleen Foster, Gregory Lanteri, Marion Linnen, Jeffrey M. Stramer, Susan L. TI Probable and possible transfusion-transmitted dengue associated with NS1 antigen-negative but RNA confirmed-positive red blood cells SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID PUERTO-RICO; VIRUS-INFECTION; DONORS; TRANSMISSION; DIAGNOSIS; DONATIONS; OUTBREAK; VIREMIA; ASSAYS; ACID AB BACKGROUNDIn the absence of active blood donation screening, dengue viruses (DENV) have been implicated in only a limited number of transfusion transmissions worldwide. This study attempted to identify if blood from donors testing negative by an NS1-antigen (Ag) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) but confirmed positive for DENV RNA caused DENV-related disease in recipients during the epidemic years of 2010 to 2012 in Puerto Rico. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSDonation aliquots testing negative by an investigational NS1-Ag ELISA were stored frozen and retested retrospectively using a research transcription-mediated amplification assay (TMA) detecting DENV RNA. All RNA-reactive donations were subject to confirmatory RNA and antibody testing. Recipient tracing was conducted for all components manufactured from TMA-reactive components. Medical chart review, recipient interview, and follow-up sampling occurred for 42 recipients transfused with TMA-reactive components. RESULTSSix of 42 recipients developed new-onset fever in the 2 weeks posttransfusion; three (50%) received RNA confirmed-positive, NS1-Ag-negative red blood cell (RBC) units. One recipient of a high-titer unit (7 x 10(7) DENV-4 RNA copies/mL) developed severe dengue, and a second recipient had only fever recorded but had a negative sepsis work-up. New fever attributable to DENV infection in a third recipient was confounded by fever potentially attributable to posttransfusion sepsis. CONCLUSIONSIn our retrospective study, NS1-Ag detected 20% of all RNA confirmed-positive donations demonstrating limitations of NS1-Ag ELISA for blood donation screening. We identified one recipient with a clinical syndrome compatible with severe dengue who had received an NS1-Ag-negative but RNA confirmed-positive RBC unit. This investigation illustrates the difficulty in confirming transfusion transmission in dengue-endemic areas among severely ill transfusion recipients. C1 [Matos, Desiree] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Amer Red Cross Blood Serv Reg, San Juan, PR USA. [Tomashek, Kay M.; Perez-Padilla, Janice; Munoz-Jordan, Jorge; Hunsperger, Elizabeth; Noyd, David] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR USA. [Horiuchi, Kalanthe] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis Informat Technol Support, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Winton, Colleen; Foster, Gregory; Stramer, Susan L.] Amer Red Cross Sci Support Off, Gaithersburg, MD USA. [Lanteri, Marion] Blood Syst Res Inst, San Francisco, CA USA. [Linnen, Jeffrey M.] Hologic, San Diego, CA USA. RP Stramer, SL (reprint author), Amer Red Cross, 9315 Gaither Rd, Gaithersburg, MD 20877 USA. EM susan.stramer@redcross.org FU ARRA Grand Opportunity [5RC2HL 101632-02]; Grifols [1H75CK 000159-01] FX Contract grant sponsor: Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics (now Grifols), Federal earmark; contract grant number: 1H75CK 000159-01.; Contract grant sponsor: ARRA Grand Opportunity; contract grant number: 5RC2HL 101632-02. NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0041-1132 EI 1537-2995 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD JAN PY 2016 VL 56 IS 1 BP 215 EP 222 DI 10.1111/trf.13288 PG 8 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA DA6YJ UT WOS:000367951500030 PM 26469514 ER PT J AU Heinzerling, A Hsu, J Yip, F AF Heinzerling, Amy Hsu, Joy Yip, Fuyuen TI Respiratory Health Effects of Ultrafine Particles in Children: a Literature Review SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION LA English DT Review DE Ultrafine; Child; Particulate matter; Respiratory health ID PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; URBAN AIR; FINE PARTICLES; TERM EXPOSURE; ASTHMA; ENVIRONMENT; MATTER; LUNG; SIZE; ASSOCIATIONS AB By convention, airborne particles <= 0.1 mu m (100 nm) are defined as ultrafine particles (UFPs). UFPs can comprise a large number of particles in particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters <= 2.5 mu m (PM2.5). Despite the documented respiratory health effects of PM2.5 and concerns that UFPs might be more toxic than larger particular matter, the effects of UFPs on the respiratory system are not well-described. Even less is known about the respiratory health effects of UFPs among particularly vulnerable populations including children. We reviewed studies examining respiratory health effects of UFPs in children and identified 12 relevant articles. Most (8/12) studies measured UFP exposure using central ambient monitors, and we found substantial heterogeneity in UFP definitions and study designs. No long-term studies were identified. In single pollutant models, UFPs were associated with incident wheezing, current asthma, lower spirometric values, and asthma-related emergency department visits among children. Also, higher exhaled nitric oxide levels were positively correlated with UFP dose among children with asthma or allergy to house dust mites in one study. Multivariate models accounting for potential copollutant confounding yielded no statistically significant results. Although evidence for a relationship between UFPs and children's respiratory is accumulating, the literature remains inconclusive. Interpretation of existing data is constrained by study heterogeneity, limited accounting for UFP spatial variation, and lack of significant findings from multipollutant models. C1 [Heinzerling, Amy] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Hsu, Joy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Publ Hlth Sci Serv, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Yip, Fuyuen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Hsu, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Publ Hlth Sci Serv, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop F-60, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM xdd6@cdc.gov; xdd6@cdc.gov NR 46 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 14 U2 51 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0049-6979 EI 1573-2932 J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL JI Water Air Soil Pollut. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 227 IS 1 DI 10.1007/s11270-015-2726-6 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA DA6FN UT WOS:000367898100032 ER PT J AU O'Leary, ST Hurley, LP Kennedy, ED Crane, LA Brtnikova, M Allison, MA Williams, W Beaty, BL Jimenez-Zambrano, A Kempe, A AF O'Leary, Sean T. Hurley, Laura P. Kennedy, Erin D. Crane, Lori A. Brtnikova, Michaela Allison, Mandy A. Williams, Warren Beaty, Brenda L. Jimenez-Zambrano, Andrea Kempe, Allison TI Provider Attitudes Regarding Vaccine Tracking Systems in Pediatric Practices SO ACADEMIC PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE immunization; vaccine bar code; vaccine inventory; vaccine tracking ID HEALTH INFORMATION-TECHNOLOGY; IMMUNIZATION; POLICY; COST AB OBJECTIVE: To assess among US pediatricians' systems for tracking vaccine administration and inventory and attitudes about these systems; and attitudes regarding and perceived barriers to adoption of a 2-dimensional bar code systems. METHODS: Internet and mail survey of a nationally representative network of pediatricians between September 2011 and January 2012. RESULTS: The response rate was 71% (288 of 408). The most common methods for recording vaccine information were manual entry into an electronic (52%) or paper (27%) record; 76% recorded information in >= 2 places. Physicians reported ordering vaccine on the basis of seasonal increases in demand (55%), paper-based inventory (52%), or when stock looks low (47%); 79% reported it was time consuming to track inventory and 24% reported their practices frequently run out of vaccines. Among those participating in an immunization information system, 29% transmitted data by automatic uploads and 58% entered data manually. Physicians agreed that bar codes could facilitate tracking of vaccine inventory (96%), would improve patient safety (96%), would be more reliable and accurate than current systems (93%), and could improve the efficiency of vaccine administration (90%). Barriers to adoption of a bar code system included need for software (52%), information technology support (42%), and computer equipment (33%). The total cost at which >50% reported they would definitely or probably. adopt a bar code system was between $1000 and $4999. CONCLUSIONS: Most pediatricians report using inefficient systems for tracking vaccine administration and inventory and recognize multiple potential benefits of incorporating vaccine bar coding into their practice. To facilitate adoption, costs will need to be contained and technological barriers addressed. C1 [O'Leary, Sean T.; Hurley, Laura P.; Crane, Lori A.; Brtnikova, Michaela; Allison, Mandy A.; Beaty, Brenda L.; Jimenez-Zambrano, Andrea; Kempe, Allison] Univ Colorado, Adult & Child Ctr Hlth Outcomes Res & Delivery Sc, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. [O'Leary, Sean T.; Brtnikova, Michaela; Allison, Mandy A.; Kempe, Allison] Univ Colorado, Dept Pediat, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. [Hurley, Laura P.] Denver Hlth, Div Gen Internal Med, Denver, CO USA. [Kennedy, Erin D.; Williams, Warren] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Crane, Lori A.] Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Community & Behav Hlth, Denver, CO USA. RP O'Leary, ST (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Pediat, Mail Stop F443,13199 E Montview Blvd,Suite 300, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. EM sean.o'leary@childrenscolorado.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through Rocky Mountain Prevention Research Center [5U48DP001938] FX This investigation was funded by a grant from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (grant 5U48DP001938) through the Rocky Mountain Prevention Research Center. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. We thank Lynn Olson, PhD, and Karen O'Connor from the Department of Research, AAP, and the leaders of the AAP for collaborating in the establishment of the sentinel networks in pediatrics. We also thank all pediatricians in the networks for participating and responding to this survey. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1876-2859 EI 1876-2867 J9 ACAD PEDIATR JI Acad. Pediatr. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 16 IS 1 BP 34 EP 41 DI 10.1016/j.acap.2015.04.038 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA DA4GN UT WOS:000367758300005 PM 26525990 ER PT J AU Nowalk, MP Zimmerman, RK Lin, CJ Reis, EC Huang, HH Moehling, KK Hannibal, KM Matambanadzo, A Shenouda, EM Allred, NJ AF Nowalk, Mary Patricia Zimmerman, Richard K. Lin, Chyongchiou Jeng Reis, Evelyn Cohen Huang, Hsin-Hui Moehling, Krissy K. Hannibal, Kristin M. Matambanadzo, Annamore Shenouda, Emeil M. Allred, Norma J. TI Maintenance of Increased Childhood Influenza Vaccination Rates 1 Year After an Intervention in Primary Care Practices SO ACADEMIC PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE children; immunization; influenza; pediatric influenza vaccination; vaccination ID RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; UNITED-STATES; CHILDREN; DELIVERY; RECOMMENDATIONS; PREVENTION; COMMUNITY; COVERAGE; URBAN AB OBJECTIVE: Influenza vaccination rates among some groups of children remain below the Healthy People 2020 goal of 70%. Multistrategy interventions to increase childhood influenza vaccination have not been evaluated recently. METHODS: Twenty pediatric and family medicine practices were randomly assigned to receive the intervention in either year 1 or year 2. This study focuses on influenza vaccine uptake in the 10 year 1 intervention sites during intervention and the following maintenance year. The intervention included the 4 Pillars Immunization Toolkit-a practice improvement toolkit, early delivery of donated vaccine for disadvantaged children, staff education, and feedback on progress. During the maintenance year, practices were not assisted or contacted, except to complete follow-up surveys. Student's t tests assessed vaccine uptake of children aged 6 months to 18 years, and multilevel regression modeling in repeated measures determined variables related to the likelihood of vaccination. RESULTS: Influenza vaccine uptake increased 12.4 percentage points (PP; P < .01) during active intervention and uptake was sustained (+0.4 PP; P > .05) during maintenance, for an average change of 12.7 PP over all sites, increasing from 42.2% at baseline to 54.9% (P < .001) during maintenance. In regression modeling that controlled for age, race, and insurance, likelihood of vaccination was greater during intervention than baseline (odds ratio 1.47; 95% confidence interval 1.44-1.50; P < .001) and greater during maintenance than baseline (odds ratio 1.50; 95% confidence interval 1.47-1.54; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: In primary care practices, a multistrategy intervention that included the 4 Pillars Immunization Toolkit, early delivery of vaccine, and feedback was associated with significant improvements in childhood influenza vaccination rates that were maintained 1 year after active intervention. C1 [Nowalk, Mary Patricia; Zimmerman, Richard K.; Lin, Chyongchiou Jeng; Huang, Hsin-Hui; Moehling, Krissy K.; Matambanadzo, Annamore] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Family Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Reis, Evelyn Cohen; Hannibal, Kristin M.] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Reis, Evelyn Cohen] Univ Pittsburgh, Clin & Translat Sci Inst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Shenouda, Emeil M.] Latterman Family Hlth Ctr, Mckeesport, PA USA. [Allred, Norma J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Nowalk, MP (reprint author), Dept Family Med, 3518 5th Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM tnowalk@pitt.edu OI Zimmerman, Richard/0000-0001-5941-6092 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U01 IP000321]; National Institutes of Health [UL1 RR024153, UL1TR000005] FX The authors thank the participating practices and the following site investigators: Tracey Conti, MD; Mark Diamond, MD; Harold Glick, MD; Phillip Iozzi, DO; Kenneth Keppel, MD; John J. Labella, MD; Sanjay Lambore, MD; Sheldon Levine, MD; Thomas G. Lynch, MD; Elaine McGhee, MD; Paul Rowland, MD; Robert Rutowski, MD; Pamela Schoemer, MD; Aaron Smuclder, MD; Scott Tyson, MD; Donald Vigliotti, MD; David Wolfson, MD; Rana Ziadeh, MD. This investigation was supported by a grant (U01 IP000321) from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The views expressed herein are those of those authors and not those of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The funding agency, through the project officer, helped to guide the design of the study, interpret the data, approve the manuscript, and recommend the manuscript for publication. The project described was also supported by the National Institutes of Health through grants UL1 RR024153 and UL1TR000005. The University of Pittsburgh Clinical and Translational Science Institute (CTSI) pediatric practice-based research network, Pediatric PittNet, facilitated participation of the pediatric practices and provided survey software. The medical director of Pediatric PittNet is an author of the study. This article is subject to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Public Access Policy and should be submitted to PubMed Central. The authors also thank Sanofi Pasteur for donation of 2000 doses of influenza vaccine that were distributed among the practices for administration to disadvantaged or Vaccines for Children children for use before Vaccines for Children vaccine arrived. The vaccine manufacturer had no role in any aspect of the study or manuscript development. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1876-2859 EI 1876-2867 J9 ACAD PEDIATR JI Acad. Pediatr. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 16 IS 1 BP 57 EP 63 DI 10.1016/j.acap.2015.03.010 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA DA4GN UT WOS:000367758300008 PM 26767508 ER PT J AU Simon, AE Ahrens, KA Akinbami, LJ AF Simon, Alan E. Ahrens, Katherine A. Akinbami, Lara J. TI Influenza Vaccination Among US Children With Asthma, 2005-2013 SO ACADEMIC PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE asthma; children; influenza vaccination ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; MEDICAL CONDITIONS; UNITED-STATES; COVERAGE; RECOMMENDATIONS; ADOLESCENTS; PREVENTION; SEASON; PARENT AB BACKGROUND: Children with asthma face higher risk of complications from influenza. Trends in influenza vaccination among children with asthma are unknown. METHODS: We used 2005-2013 National Health Interview Survey data for children 2 to 17 years of age. We assessed, separately for children with and without asthma, any vaccination (received August through May) during each of the 2005-2006 through 2012-2013 influenza seasons and, for the 2010-2011 through 2012-2013 seasons only, early vaccination (received August through October). We used April July interviews each year (n = 31,668) to assess vaccination during the previous influenza season. Predictive margins from logistic regression with time as the independent and vaccination status as the dependent variable were used to assess time trends. We also estimated the association between several sociodemographic variables and the likelihood of influenza vaccination. RESULTS: From 2005 to 2013, among children with asthma, influenza vaccination receipt increased about 3 percentage points per year (P < .001), reaching 55% in 2012-2013. The percentage of all children with asthma vaccinated by October (early vaccination) was slightly above 30% in 2012-2013. In 2010-2013, adolescents, the uninsured, children of parents with some college education, and those living in the Midwest, South, and West were less likely to be vaccinated. CONCLUSIONS: The percentage of children 2 to 17 years of age with asthma receiving influenza vaccination has increased since 2004-2005, reaching approximately 55% in 2012-2013. C1 [Simon, Alan E.; Ahrens, Katherine A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Anal & Epidemiol, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. [Akinbami, Lara J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Surveys, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. RP Simon, AE (reprint author), Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Rm 6122, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM fpa8@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1876-2859 EI 1876-2867 J9 ACAD PEDIATR JI Acad. Pediatr. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 16 IS 1 BP 68 EP 74 DI 10.1016/j.acap.2015.10.006 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA DA4GN UT WOS:000367758300010 PM 26518382 ER PT J AU Camacho-Gonzalez, AF Wallins, A Toledo, L Murray, A Gaul, Z Sutton, MY Gillespie, S Leong, T Graves, C Chakraborty, R AF Camacho-Gonzalez, Andres F. Wallins, Amy Toledo, Lauren Murray, Ashley Gaul, Zaneta Sutton, Madeline Y. Gillespie, Scott Leong, Traci Graves, Chanda Chakraborty, Rana TI Risk Factors for HIV Transmission and Barriers to HIV Disclosure: Metropolitan Atlanta Youth Perspectives SO AIDS PATIENT CARE AND STDS LA English DT Article ID AFRICAN-AMERICAN ADOLESCENTS; UNITED-STATES; YOUNG-ADULTS; BEHAVIOR SURVEILLANCE; SEXUAL VICTIMIZATION; SOCIAL NETWORKING; INFECTION; PREVENTION; HOMELESS; REDUCTION AB Youth carry the highest incidence of HIV infection in the United States. Understanding adolescent and young adult (AYA) perspectives on HIV transmission risk is important for targeted HIV prevention. We conducted a mixed methods study with HIV-infected and uninfected youth, ages 18-24 years, from Atlanta, GA. We provided self-administered surveys to HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected AYAs to identify risk factors for HIV acquisition. By means of computer-assisted thematic analyses, we examined transcribed focus group responses on HIV education, contributors to HIV transmission, and pre-sex HIV status disclosure. The 68 participants had the following characteristics: mean age 21.5 years (standard deviation: 1.8 years), 85% male, 90% black, 68% HIV-infected. HIV risk behaviors included the perception of condomless sex (Likert scale mean: 8.0) and transactional sex (88% of participants); no differences were noted by HIV status. Qualitative analyses revealed two main themes: (1) HIV risk factors among AYAs, and (2) barriers to discussing HIV status before sex. Participants felt the use of social media, need for immediate gratification, and lack of concern about HIV disease were risk factors for AYAs. Discussing HIV status with sex partners was uncommon. Key reasons included: fear of rejection, lack of confidentiality, discussion was unnecessary in temporary relationships, and disclosure negatively affecting the mood. HIV prevention strategies for AYAs should include improving condom use frequency and HIV disclosure skills, responsible utilization of social media, and education addressing HIV prevention including the risks of transactional sex. C1 [Camacho-Gonzalez, Andres F.; Wallins, Amy; Chakraborty, Rana] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Gillespie, Scott] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Pediat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Graves, Chanda] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Leong, Traci] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Camacho-Gonzalez, Andres F.; Wallins, Amy; Graves, Chanda; Chakraborty, Rana] Grady Hlth Syst, Grady Infect Dis Program, Ponce Family & Youth Clin, Atlanta, GA USA. [Toledo, Lauren; Murray, Ashley; Gaul, Zaneta; Sutton, Madeline Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Toledo, Lauren] ICF Int, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Camacho-Gonzalez, AF (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Dept Pediat, 2015 Uppergate Dr Suite 500, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM acamac2@emory.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [5U01PS003322]; National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institute of Health [UL1TR0004564] FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Grant Number: 5U01PS003322. Dr. Camacho-Gonzalez was also supported by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institute of Health under the Award Number UL1TR0004564. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 10 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1087-2914 EI 1557-7449 J9 AIDS PATIENT CARE ST JI Aids Patient Care STDS PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 30 IS 1 BP 18 EP 24 DI 10.1089/apc.2015.0163 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DA5EG UT WOS:000367824900004 PM 26588663 ER PT J AU Balci, FSK AF Balci, F. Selcen Kilinc TI Isolation gowns in health care settings: Laboratory studies, regulations and standards, and potential barriers of gown selection and use SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Review DE Isolation gown; Bloodborne pathogen; Liquid transmission; Blood penetration; Protective clothing; Standard ID VANCOMYCIN-RESISTANT ENTEROCOCCI; PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT; PREVENT NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION; RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; PEDIATRIC INTENSIVE-CARE; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; SURGICAL GOWNS; ISOLATION PRECAUTIONS; ENVIRONMENTAL SURFACES; HOSPITAL FABRICS AB Although they play an important role in infection prevention and control, textile materials and personal protective equipment (PPE) used in health care settings are known to be one of the sources of cross-infection. Gowns are recommended to prevent transmission of infectious diseases in certain settings; however, laboratory and field studies have produced mixed results of their efficacy. PPE used in health care is regulated as either class I (low risk) or class II (intermediate risk) devices in the United States. Many organizations have published guidelines for the use of PPE, including isolation gowns, in health care settings. In addition, the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation published a guidance document on the selection of gowns and a classification standard on liquid barrier performance for both surgical and isolation gowns. However, there is currently no existing standard specific to isolation gowns that considers not only the barrier resistance but also a wide array of end user desired attributes. As a result, infection preventionists and purchasing agents face several difficulties in the selection process, and end users have limited or no information on the levels of protection provided by isolation gowns. Lack of knowledge about the performance of protective clothing used in health care became more apparent during the 2014 Ebola epidemic. This article reviews laboratory studies, regulations, guidelines and standards pertaining to isolation gowns, characterization problems, and other potential barriers of isolation gown selection and use. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. C1 [Balci, F. Selcen Kilinc] NIOSH, Natl Personal Protect Technol Lab, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Balci, FSK (reprint author), NIOSH, Natl Personal Protect Technol Lab NPPTL, CDC, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd,T-403-107, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM jcq8@cdc.gov NR 116 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 8 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 EI 1527-3296 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 44 IS 1 BP 104 EP 111 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2015.07.042 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DA4RI UT WOS:000367787600004 ER PT J AU Drexler, NA Dahlgren, FS Heitman, KN Massung, RF Paddock, CD Behravesh, CB AF Drexler, Naomi A. Dahlgren, F. Scott Heitman, Kristen Nichols Massung, Robert F. Paddock, Christopher D. Behravesh, Casey Barton TI National Surveillance of Spotted Fever Group Rickettsioses in the United States, 2008-2012 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID ESCHAR-ASSOCIATED ILLNESS; NEWLY RECOGNIZED CAUSE; RHIPICEPHALUS-SANGUINEUS; DERMACENTOR-VARIABILIS; SWAB SPECIMENS; RISK-FACTORS; DISEASES; DOXYCYCLINE; CALIFORNIA; ARIZONA AB Spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsioses are notifiable conditions in the United States caused by the highly pathogenic Rickettsia rickettsii and less pathogenic rickettsial species such as Rickettsia parkeri and Rickettsia sp. 364D. Surveillance data from 2008 to 2012 for SFG rickettsioses are summarized. Incidence increased from 1.7 cases per million person-years (PY) in 2000 to 14.3 cases per million PY in 2012. During 2008-2012, cases of SFG rickettsiosis were more frequently reported among males, persons of white race, and non-Hispanic ethnicity. Overall, case fatality rate (CFR) was low (0.4%), however, risk of death was significantly higher for American Indian/Alaska Natives (relative risk [RR] = 5.4) and Asian/Pacific Islanders (RR = 5.7) compared with persons of white race. Children aged < 10 years continue to experience the highest CFR (1.6%). Higher incidence of SFG rickettsioses and decreased CFR likely result from increased reporting of tick-borne disease including those caused by less pathogenic species. Recently, fewer cases have been confirmed using species-specific laboratory methods (such as cell culture and DNA detection using polymerase chain reaction [PCR] assays), causing a clouded epidemiological picture. Use of PCR and improved documentation of clinical signs, such as eschars, will better differentiate risk factors, incidence, and clinical outcomes of specific rickettsioses in the future. C1 [Drexler, Naomi A.; Dahlgren, F. Scott; Heitman, Kristen Nichols; Massung, Robert F.; Paddock, Christopher D.; Behravesh, Casey Barton] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Drexler, NA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-30, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM isj3@cdc.gov; iot0@cdc.gov; wwd7@cdc.gov; rfm2@cdc.gov; cdp9@cdc.gov; dlx9@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX This study was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and in part supported by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the CDC administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and CDC. NR 43 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 94 IS 1 BP 26 EP 34 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.15-0472 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA DA3NX UT WOS:000367705500006 PM 26324732 ER PT J AU Dahlgren, FS Paddock, CD Springer, YP Eisen, RJ Behravesh, CB AF Dahlgren, F. Scott Paddock, Christopher D. Springer, Yuri P. Eisen, Rebecca J. Behravesh, Casey Barton TI Expanding Range of Amblyomma americanum and Simultaneous Changes in the Epidemiology of Spotted Fever Group Rickettsiosis in the United States SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID ESCHAR-ASSOCIATED ILLNESS; NEWLY RECOGNIZED CAUSE; ENDEMIC AREA-ARIZONA; LONE STAR TICKS; DERMACENTOR-VARIABILIS; ACARI IXODIDAE; RISK-FACTORS; EHRLICHIA-CHAFFEENSIS; NORTH-CAROLINA; INFECTION AB Spotted fever group (SFG) Rickettsia species are etiologic agents of a wide range of human infections from asymptomatic or mild infections to severe, life-threatening disease. In the United States, recent passive surveillance for SFG rickettsiosis shows an increased incidence and decreased severity of reported cases. The reasons for this are not well understood; however, we hypothesize that less pathogenic rickettsiae are causing more human infections, while the incidence of disease caused by more pathogenic rickettsiae, particularly Rickettsia rickettsii, is relatively stable. During the same period, the range of Amblyomma americanum has expanded. Amblyomma americanum is frequently infected with "Candidatus Rickettsia amblyommii", a SFG Rickettsia of unknown pathogenicity. We tested our hypothesis by modeling incidence rates from 1993 to 2013, hospitalization rates from 1981 to 2013, and case fatality rates from 1981 to 2013 regressed against the presence of A. americanum, the decade of onset of symptoms, and the county of residence. Our results support the hypothesis, and we show that the expanding range of A. americanum is associated with changes in epidemiology reported through passive surveillance. We believe epidemiological and acarological data collected on individual cases from enhanced surveillance may further elucidate the reasons for the changing epidemiology of SFG rickettsiosis. C1 [Dahlgren, F. Scott; Paddock, Christopher D.; Behravesh, Casey Barton] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Springer, Yuri P.; Eisen, Rebecca J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Dahlgren, FS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-30, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM iot0@cdc.gov; cdp9@cdc.gov; yurispringer@gmail.com; dyn2@cdc.gov; dlx9@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This study was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 50 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 9 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 94 IS 1 BP 35 EP 42 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.15-0580 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA DA3NX UT WOS:000367705500007 PM 26503270 ER PT J AU Heitman, KN Dahlgren, FS Drexler, NA Massung, RF Behravesh, CB AF Heitman, Kristen Nichols Dahlgren, F. Scott Drexler, Naomi A. Massung, Robert F. Behravesh, Casey Barton TI Increasing Incidence of Ehrlichiosis in the United States: A Summary of National Surveillance of Ehrlichia chaffeensis and Ehrlichia ewingii Infections in the United States, 2008-2012 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID MOUNTAIN-SPOTTED-FEVER; HEALTH-CARE PROVIDERS; HUMAN MONOCYTIC EHRLICHIOSIS; WHITE-TAILED DEER; TRANSPLANT RECIPIENT; GRANULOCYTIC EHRLICHIOSIS; AMBLYOMMA-AMERICANUM; EMERGING PATHOGEN; CHILDREN; DOXYCYCLINE AB Human ehrlichiosis is a potentially fatal disease caused by Ehrlichia chaffeensis and Ehrlichia ewingii. Cases of ehrlichiosis are reported to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through two national surveillance systems: Nationally Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS) and Case Report Forms. During 2008-2012, 4,613 cases of E. chaffeensis infections were reported through NNDSS. The incidence rate (IR) was 3.2 cases per million person-years (PYs). The hospitalization rate (HR) was 57% and the case fatality rate (CFR) was 1%. Children aged < 5 years had the highest CFR of 4%. During 2008-2012, 55 cases of E. ewingii infection were reported through NNDSS. The national IR was 0.04 cases per million PY. The HR was 77%; no deaths were reported. Immunosuppressive conditions were reported by 26% of cases. The overall rate for ehrlichiosis has increased 4-fold since 2000. Although previous literature suggests E. ewingii primarily affects those who are immunocompromised, this report shows most cases occurred among immunocompetent patients. This is the first report to show children aged < 5 years with ehrlichiosis have an increased CFR, relative to older patients. Ongoing surveillance and reporting of tick-borne diseases are critical to inform public health practice and guide disease treatment and prevention efforts. C1 [Heitman, Kristen Nichols; Dahlgren, F. Scott; Drexler, Naomi A.; Massung, Robert F.; Behravesh, Casey Barton] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. ORISE, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Heitman, KN (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A30, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM wwd7@cdc.gov; iot0@cdc.gov; isj3@cdc.gov; rfm2@cdc.gov; dlx9@cdc.gov NR 48 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 5 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 94 IS 1 BP 52 EP 60 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.15-0540 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA DA3NX UT WOS:000367705500009 ER PT J AU Njuguna, HN Montgomery, JM Cosmas, L Wamola, N Oundo, JO Desai, M Buff, AM Breiman, RF AF Njuguna, Henry N. Montgomery, Joel M. Cosmas, Leonard Wamola, Newton Oundo, Joseph O. Desai, Meghna Buff, Ann M. Breiman, Robert F. TI Malaria Parasitemia among Febrile Patients Seeking Clinical Care at an Outpatient Health Facility in an Urban Informal Settlement Area in Nairobi, Kenya SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID POPULATION; TRANSMISSION; HIGHLANDS; MOVEMENT; AFRICA; SLUM AB Nairobi is considered a low-risk area for malaria transmission, but travel can influence transmission of malaria. We investigated the demographic characteristics and travel history of patients with documented fever and malaria in a study clinic in a population-based surveillance system over a 5-year period, January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2011. During the study period, 11,480 (68%) febrile patients had a microscopy test performed for malaria, of which 2,553 (22%) were positive. Malaria was detected year-round with peaks in January, May, and September. Children aged 5-14 years had the highest proportion (28%) of positive results followed by children aged 1-4 years (23%) Almost two-thirds of patients with malaria reported traveling outside Nairobi; 79% of these traveled to three counties in western Kenya. History of recent travel (i.e., in past month) was associated with malaria parasitemia (odds ratio: 10.0, 95% confidence interval: 9.0-11.0). Malaria parasitemia was frequently observed among febrile patients at a health facility in the urban slum of Kibera, Nairobi. The majority of patients had traveled to western Kenya. However, 34% reported no travel history, which raises the possibility of local malaria transmission in this densely populated, urban setting. These findings have important implications for malaria control in large Nairobi settlements. C1 Kenya Med Res Inst KEMRI, Nairobi, Kenya. US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Kisumu, Kenya. US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Nairobi, Kenya. US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. US Presidents Malaria Initiat, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Njuguna, HN (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Mbagathi Way, Nairobi 00621, Kenya. EM hnjuguna@cdc.gov; jmontgomery@cdc.gov; lcosmas@cdc.gov; nwamola@kemricdc.org; joseph.oundo@usamru-k.org; mdesai@cdc.gov; abuff@cdc.gov; rfbreiman@emory.edu NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 94 IS 1 BP 122 EP 127 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.15-0293 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA DA3NX UT WOS:000367705500021 PM 26598567 ER PT J AU Okoth, SA Chenet, SM Arrospide, N Gutierrez, S Cabezas, C Matta, JA Udhayakumar, V AF Okoth, Sheila Akinyi Chenet, Stella M. Arrospide, Nancy Gutierrez, Sonia Cabezas, Cesar Antonio Matta, Jose Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam TI Molecular Investigation into a Malaria Outbreak in Cusco, Peru: Plasmodium falciparum B-V1 Lineage is Linked to a Second Outbreak in Recent Times SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article AB In November 2013, a Plasmodium falciparum malaria outbreak of 11 cases occurred in Cusco, southern Peru, where falciparum malaria had not been reported since 1946. Although initial microscopic diagnosis reported only Plasmodium vivax infection in each of the specimens, subsequent examination by the national reference laboratory confirmed P. falciparum infection in all samples. Molecular typing of four available isolates revealed identity as the B-variant (B-V1) strain that was responsible for a malaria outbreak in Tumbes, northern Peru, between 2010 and 2012. The P falciparum B-V1 strain is multidrug resistant, can escape detection by PfHRP2-based rapid diagnostic tests, and has contributed to two malaria outbreaks in Peru. This investigation highlights the importance of accurate species diagnosis given the potential for P. falciparum to be reintroduced to regions where it may have been absent. Similar molecular epidemiological investigations can track the probable source(s) of outbreak parasite strains for malaria surveillance and control purposes. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gutierrez, Sonia; Cabezas, Cesar] Inst Nacl Salud Peru, Ctr Nacl Salud Publ, Lima, Peru. [Antonio Matta, Jose] Lab Referencia La Convenc, Cuzco, Peru. RP Okoth, SA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS D-67, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM jyo3@cdc.gov; ynw0@cdc.gov; narrospide@hotmail.com; scgg68@hotmail.com; salljaruna@yahoo.com; antonio_matta@hotmail.com; vxu0@cdc.gov FU Atlanta Research and Education Foundation; American Society of Microbiology/CDC Postdoctoral Fellowship Program FX Sheila Akinyi Okoth was supported by the Atlanta Research and Education Foundation. Stella M. Chenet was supported by the American Society of Microbiology/CDC Postdoctoral Fellowship Program. We acknowledge the support of the CDC Antimicrobial Resistance Working Group and the Atlanta Research and Education Foundation for the investigation. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 94 IS 1 BP 128 EP 131 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.15-0442 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA DA3NX UT WOS:000367705500022 PM 26483121 ER PT J AU Stoney, RJ Chen, LH Jentes, ES Wilson, ME Han, PV Benoit, CM MacLeod, WB Hamer, DH Barnett, ED AF Stoney, Rhett J. Chen, Lin H. Jentes, Emily S. Wilson, Mary E. Han, Pauline V. Benoit, Christine M. MacLeod, William B. Hamer, Davidson H. Barnett, Elizabeth D. CA Boston Area Travel Med Network TI Malaria Prevention Strategies: Adherence among Boston Area Travelers Visiting Malaria-Endemic Countries SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; ATOVAQUONE-PROGUANIL; IMPORTED MALARIA; RISK PERCEPTION; PROPHYLAXIS; KNOWLEDGE; CHEMOPROPHYLAXIS; HALOFANTRINE; AIRPORT AB We conducted a prospective cohort study to assess adherence to malaria chemoprophylaxis, reasons for nonadherence, and use of other personal protective measures against malaria. We included adults traveling to malaria-endemic countries who were prescribed malaria chemoprophylaxis during a pre-travel consultation at three travel clinics in the Boston area and who completed three or more surveys: pre-travel, at least one weekly during travel, and post-travel (2-4 weeks after return). Of 370 participants, 335 (91%) took malaria chemoprophylaxis at least once and reported any missed doses; 265 (79%) reported completing all doses during travel. Adherence was not affected by weekly versus daily chemoprophylaxis, travel purpose, or duration of travel. Reasons for nonadherence included forgetfulness, side effects, and not seeing mosquitoes. Main reasons for declining to take prescribed chemoprophylaxis were peer advice, low perceived risk, and not seeing mosquitoes. Of 368 travelers, 79% used insect repellent, 46% used a bed net, and 61% slept in air conditioning at least once. Because travelers may be persuaded to stop taking medication by peer pressure, not seeing mosquitoes, and adverse reactions to medications, clinicians should be prepared to address these barriers and to empower travelers with strategies to manage common side effects of antimalarial medications. C1 [Stoney, Rhett J.; Jentes, Emily S.; Han, Pauline V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Travelers Hlth Branch, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. Mt Auburn Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Travel Med Ctr, Cambridge, MA USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA USA. [Wilson, Mary E.] Harvard Univ, Dept Global Hlth & Populat, TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Benoit, Christine M.; Barnett, Elizabeth D.] Boston Med Ctr, Maxwell Finland Lab Infect Dis, Boston, MA USA. [MacLeod, William B.; Hamer, Davidson H.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Global Hlth & Dev, Boston, MA USA. Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Global Hlth, Boston, MA USA. Boston Univ, Sch Med, Infect Dis Sect, Boston, MA 02118 USA. RP Stoney, RJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-03, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM uyn2@cdc.gov; lchen@hms.harvard.edu; ejentes@cdc.gov; mary_wilson@harvard.edu; pauline.han@gmail.com; christine.m.benoit@gmail.com; wmacleod@bu.edu; dhamer@bu.edu; elizabeth.barnett@bmc.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [1 U19CI000508-01]; Boston Medical Center [1 U19CI000508-01] FX This work was supported by a cooperative agreement [1 U19CI000508-01] between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Boston Medical Center. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 94 IS 1 BP 136 EP 142 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.15-0565 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA DA3NX UT WOS:000367705500024 PM 26483125 ER PT J AU Kurz, C Schmidt, V Poppert, H Wilkins, P Noh, J Poppert, S Schlegel, J Delbridge, C da Costa, CP Winkler, AS AF Kurz, Carolin Schmidt, Veronika Poppert, Holger Wilkins, Patricia Noh, John Poppert, Sven Schlegel, Juergen Delbridge, Claire da Costa, Clarissa Prazeres Winkler, Andrea S. TI Case Report: An Unusual Presentation of Neurocysticercosis: A Space-Occupying Lesion in the Fourth Ventricle Associated with Progressive Cognitive Decline SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID TAENIA-SOLIUM; MANAGEMENT; MANIFESTATIONS; IMPAIRMENT; DIAGNOSIS; ANTIGENS; DEMENTIA AB We communicate a case of a middle-aged Brazilian patient with an unusual presentation of fourth ventricular neurocysticercosis: occurrence of two intraventricular cysts at different locations in the brain within 2 years and cognitive decline as the only neurological symptom. Neurocysticercosis was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging, serology, histology, and genetic analysis. Neurocysticercosis should be considered as a differential diagnosis in cases with atypical neurologic or psychiatric symptoms, atypical neuroimaging and travel history. Especially, fourth ventricular cysts carry the risk of obstructive hydrocephalus and brainstem compression and therefore should be extirpated completely. If complete removal of the cystic structures cannot be proven in cases with surgically treated neurocysticercosis, anthelminthic therapy and thorough follow-up examinations should be conducted. C1 [Kurz, Carolin; Schmidt, Veronika; Poppert, Holger; Winkler, Andrea S.] Tech Univ Munich, Klinikum Rechts Isar, Dept Neurol, D-81675 Munich, Germany. [Wilkins, Patricia; Noh, John] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. [Poppert, Sven] Univ Med Ctr, Hamburg, Germany. [Schlegel, Juergen; Delbridge, Claire] Tech Univ Munich, Div Neuropathol, Inst Pathol, D-81675 Munich, Germany. [da Costa, Clarissa Prazeres] Tech Univ Munich, Klinikum Rechts Isar, Inst Med Microbiol Immunol & Hyg, D-81675 Munich, Germany. RP Kurz, C (reprint author), Tech Univ Munich, Klinikum Rechts Isar, Dept Neurol, Ismaninger Str 22, D-81675 Munich, Germany. EM kurz@lrz.tum.de; veronika.schmidt@tum.de; poppert@neurovasc.de; pwilkins@cdc.gov; jnoh@cdc.gov; sven@poppert.eu; juergen.schlegel@lrz.tu-muenchen.de; c.delbridge@tum.de; clarissa.dacosta@tum.de; andrea.winkler@tum.de NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 94 IS 1 BP 172 EP 175 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.15-0099 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA DA3NX UT WOS:000367705500031 PM 26621562 ER PT J AU Qvarnstrom, Y Xayavong, M da Silva, ACA Park, SY Whelen, AC Calimlim, PS Sciulli, RH Honda, SAA Higa, K Kitsutani, P Chea, N Heng, S Johnson, S Graeff-Teixeira, C Fox, LM da Silva, AJ AF Qvarnstrom, Yvonne Xayavong, Maniphet Aramburu da Silva, Ana Cristina Park, Sarah Y. Whelen, A. Christian Calimlim, Precilia S. Sciulli, Rebecca H. Honda, Stacey A. A. Higa, Karen Kitsutani, Paul Chea, Nora Heng, Seng Johnson, Stuart Graeff-Teixeira, Carlos Fox, LeAnne M. da Silva, Alexandre J. TI Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Detection of Angiostrongylus cantonensis DNA in Cerebrospinal Fluid from Patients with Eosinophilic Meningitis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID INFECTION; CALEDONIA; MOLLUSKS; LUNGWORM; HAWAII; BRAZIL; CHILD; HOSTS; FROGS AB Angiostrongylus cantonensis is the most common infectious cause of eosinophilic meningitis. Timely diagnosis of these infections is difficult, partly because reliable laboratory diagnostic methods are unavailable. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for the detection of A. cantonensis DNA in human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens. A total of 49 CSF specimens from 33 patients with eosinophilic meningitis were included: A. cantonensis DNA was detected in 32 CSF specimens, from 22 patients. Four patients had intermittently positive and negative real-time PCR results on subsequent samples, indicating that the level of A. cantonensis DNA present in CSF may fluctuate during the course of the illness Immunodiagnosis and/or supplemental PCR testing supported the real-time PCR findings for 30 patients. On the basis of these observations, this real-time PCR assay can be useful to detect A. cantonensis in the CSF from patients with eosinophilic meningitis. C1 [Qvarnstrom, Yvonne; Fox, LeAnne M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Xayavong, Maniphet] Life Source Biomed LLC, Herndon, VA USA. Pontifical Catholic Univ Rio Grande Sul PUCRS, Lab Parasitol Mol, Inst Pesquisas Biomed, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Pontifical Catholic Univ Rio Grande Sul PUCRS, Lab Biol Parasitol, Fac Biociencias, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Park, Sarah Y.] Hawaii Dept Hlth, Honolulu, HI USA. [Honda, Stacey A. A.] Hawaii Permanente Med Grp, Honolulu, HI USA. [Higa, Karen] Kaiser Permanente Reg Lab, Honolulu, HI USA. Cambodia Country Off, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Influenza Program, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. World Hlth Org Cambodia, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. [Heng, Seng] Minist Hlth, Communicable Dis Dept, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. [Johnson, Stuart] Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Johnson, Stuart] Edward Hines Jr VA Hosp, Chicago, IL USA. RP Qvarnstrom, Y (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, MS-D64,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM bvp2@cdc.gov; max1@cdc.gov; anacristina@pucrs.br; sarah.park@doh.hawaii.gov; chris.whelen@doh.hawaii.gov; precilia.calimlim@doh.hawaii.gov; rebecca.sciulli@doh.hawaii.gov; stacey.honda@kp.org; karen.higa@kp.org; paul.kitsutani@nih.gov; xdc7@cdc.gov; senghengmoh@gmail.com; stuart.johnson2@va.gov; graeff.teixeira@gmail.com; llf4@cdc.gov; alexandre.dasilva@fda.hhs.gov FU U.S. National Food Safety Initiative; CDC Epidemiology and Laboratory Capacity Cooperative Agreement FX This study was funded by the U.S. National Food Safety Initiative and a CDC Epidemiology and Laboratory Capacity Cooperative Agreement. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 94 IS 1 BP 176 EP 181 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.15-0146 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA DA3NX UT WOS:000367705500032 PM 26526920 ER PT J AU Murphy, LB Moss, S Do, BT Helmick, CG Schwartz, TA Barbour, KE Renner, J Kalsbeek, W Jordan, JM AF Murphy, Louise B. Moss, Susan Do, Barbara T. Helmick, Charles G. Schwartz, Todd A. Barbour, Kamil E. Renner, Jordan Kalsbeek, William Jordan, Joanne M. TI Annual Incidence of Knee Symptoms and Four Knee Osteoarthritis Outcomes in the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project SO ARTHRITIS CARE & RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID POPULATION-BASED COHORT; BODY-MASS INDEX; RISK-FACTORS; RADIOGRAPHIC OSTEOARTHRITIS; AFRICAN-AMERICANS; NATURAL-HISTORY; PREVALENCE; HIP; ARTHRITIS; TRENDS AB Objective. To estimate annual incidence rates (IRs) of knee symptoms and 4 knee osteoarthritis (OA) outcomes (radiographic, symptomatic, severe radiographic, and severe symptomatic), overall and stratified by sociodemographic characteristics and knee OA risk factors. Methods. We analyzed baseline (1991-1997) and first followup (1999-2003) data (n = 1,518) from the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project. Participants were African American and white adults, ages >= 45 years, living in Johnston County, North Carolina, US. Knee symptoms were pain, aching, or stiffness on most days in a knee. Radiographic OA was Kellgren/Lawrence grade <= 2 (severe radiographic >= 3) in at least 1 knee. Symptomatic OA was defined as symptoms in a radiographically affected knee; severe symptomatic OA was defined as severe symptoms and severe radiographic OA. Results. The median followup time was 5.5 years. Average annual IRs were 6% for symptoms, 3% for radiographic OA, 2% for symptomatic OA, 2% for severe radiographic OA, and 0.8% for severe symptomatic OA. Across outcomes, IRs were highest among those with the following baseline characteristics: age >= 75 years, obese, a history of knee injury, or an annual household income <=$15,000. Conclusion. The annual onset of knee symptoms and 4 OA outcomes in Johnston County was high. This may preview the future of knee OA in the US and underscores the urgency of clinical and public health collaborations that reduce risk factors for, and manage the impact of, these outcomes. Inexpensive, convenient, and proven strategies (e.g., physical activity, self-management education courses) complement clinical care and can reduce pain and improve quality of life for people with arthritis. C1 [Murphy, Louise B.; Helmick, Charles G.; Barbour, Kamil E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Moss, Susan] Georgia State Univ, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Do, Barbara T.] RTI Int, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schwartz, Todd A.; Renner, Jordan; Kalsbeek, William; Jordan, Joanne M.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Murphy, LB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, Arthrit Program, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F78, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM lmurphy1@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Association of Schools of Public Health [S043, S1734, S3486]; National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Multipurpose Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Disease Center [5-P60-AR30701]; National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Multidisciplinary Clinical Research Center; [5-P60-AR49465-03]; [T-19/19-CCD07-001]; [CDHM05049] FX The Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project was supported in part by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Association of Schools of Public Health (cooperative agreements S043, S1734, and S3486); the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Multipurpose Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Disease Center (grant 5-P60-AR30701); and the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Multidisciplinary Clinical Research Center (grant 5-P60-AR49465-03). Ms Do's work was supported by a cooperative agreement between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Association for Prevention Teaching and Research (fellowship identification number T-19/19-CCD07-001, FOA number CDHM05049). NR 48 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2151-464X EI 2151-4658 J9 ARTHRIT CARE RES JI Arthritis Care Res. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 68 IS 1 BP 55 EP 65 DI 10.1002/acr.22641 PG 11 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA DA3FQ UT WOS:000367682800005 PM 26097226 ER PT J AU Kobrynski, LJ Yazdanpanah, GK Koontz, D Lee, FK Vogt, RF AF Kobrynski, Lisa J. Yazdanpanah, Golriz K. Koontz, Deborah Lee, Francis K. Vogt, Robert F. TI MALDI-TOF-MS Assay to Detect the Hemizygous 22q11.2 Deletion in DNA from Dried Blood Spots SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SEVERE COMBINED IMMUNODEFICIENCY; COPY-NUMBER VARIATION; TIME QUANTITATIVE PCR; T-CELL LYMPHOPENIA; 1ST 2 YEARS; COMPETITIVE PCR; DIAGNOSIS; DEFECTS AB BACKGROUND: A hemizygous deletion of 1.5-3 Mb in 22q11.2 causes a distinct clinical syndrome with variable congenital defects. Current diagnostic methods use fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) or comparative genomic hybridization by microarray to detect the deletion. Neither method is suitable for newborn screening (NBS), since they cannot be performed on dried blood spots (DBS). We developed a MALDI-TOF-MS assay that uses DBS to measure the hemizygous deletion of UFD1L, located within the 22q11.2 region. METHODS: We used DBS from 54 affected patients, previously tested by FISH or microarray, and 100 cord blood samples to evaluate the performance of the MALDI-TOF-MS assay. With a single primer pair, a 97-base oligonucleotide within UFD1L was amplified, as was a sequence on chromosome 18 that differs by 2 nucleotides. A multiplexed, single-base extension reaction created allele-specific products for MALDI-TOF-MS detection. The products were spotted onto a silicon chip, and the height of the spectral peaks identified the relative amounts of target and reference gene. RESULTS: The median ratio of the spectral peak for each UFD1L target:reference base was 0.96 and 0.99 for controls, compared with 0.35 and 0.53 for 22q11 deletion syndrome patients. There was 100% concordance between FISH/microarray and MALDI-TOF-MS in all patients with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. CONCLUSIONS: This method can be reliably performed with DBS and is suitable for high sample throughput. This assay may be considered for use in population-based NBS for 22q11.2 deletion. (C) 2015 American Association for Clinical Chemistry C1 [Kobrynski, Lisa J.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Allergy & Immunol Sect, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Yazdanpanah, Golriz K.] CDC Fdn, Newborn Screening Translat Res Initiat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Koontz, Deborah; Lee, Francis K.; Vogt, Robert F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Newborn Screening & Mol Biol Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kobrynski, LJ (reprint author), Emory Univ, Allergy & Immunol Sect, 2015 Uppergate Dr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM lkobryn@emory.edu FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; NIH [R03A1-07976502] FX L.J. Kobrynski, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and NIH (R03A1-07976502). NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 10 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA SN 0009-9147 EI 1530-8561 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 62 IS 1 BP 287 EP 292 DI 10.1373/clinchem.2015.247148 PG 6 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA DA3NC UT WOS:000367703400038 PM 26585925 ER PT J AU Hsu, RK McCulloch, CE Heung, M Saran, R Shahinian, VB Pavkov, ME Burrows, NR Powe, NR Hsu, CY AF Hsu, Raymond K. McCulloch, Charles E. Heung, Michael Saran, Rajiv Shahinian, Vahakn B. Pavkov, Meda E. Burrows, Nilka Rios Powe, Neil R. Hsu, Chi-yuan CA Ctr Dis Control Prevention Chronic Kidney Dis Surveillance Te TI Exploring Potential Reasons for the Temporal Trend in Dialysis-Requiring AKI in the United States SO CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY; ACUTE-RENAL-FAILURE; AMERICAN-HEART-ASSOCIATION; RISK-FACTORS; SYSTEM BLOCKADE; SEVERE SEPSIS; SURGERY; EPIDEMIOLOGY; DISEASE; CLASSIFICATION AB Background and objectives The population incidence of dialysis-requiring AKI has risen substantially in the last decade in the United States, and factors associated with this temporal trend are not well known. Design, setting, participants, & measurements We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample, a United States nationally representative database of hospitalizations from 2007 to 2009. We used validated International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes to identify hospitalizations with dialysis-requiring AKI and then, selected the diagnostic and procedure codes most highly associated with dialysis-requiring AKI in 2009. We applied multivariable logistic regression adjusting for demographics and used a backward selection technique to identify a set of diagnoses or a set of procedures that may be a driver for this changing risk in dialysis-requiring AKI. Results From 2007 to 2009, the population incidence of dialysis-requiring AKI increased by 11% per year (95% confidence interval, 1.07 to 1.16; P<0.001). Using backward selection, we found that the temporal trend in the six diagnoses, septicemia, hypertension, respiratory failure, coagulation/hemorrhagic disorders, shock, and liver disease, sufficiently and fully accounted for the temporal trend in dialysis-requiring AKI. In contrast, temporal trends in 15 procedures most commonly associated with dialysis-requiring AKI did not account for the increasing dialysis-requiring AKI trend. Conclusions The increasing risk of dialysis-requiring AKI among hospitalized patients in the United States was highly associated with the changing burden of six acute and chronic conditions but not with surgeries and procedures. C1 [Hsu, Raymond K.; Hsu, Chi-yuan] Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Nephrol, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [McCulloch, Charles E.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Powe, Neil R.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Heung, Michael; Saran, Rajiv; Shahinian, Vahakn B.] Univ Michigan, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Burrows, Nilka Rios] Ctr Dis & Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Powe, Neil R.] San Francisco Gen Hosp, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. San Francisco Gen Hosp, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. RP Hsu, RK (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Nephrol, 533 Parnassus Ave,U404, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM raymond.hsu@ucsf.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [1U58DP003839]; National Institutes of Health [KL2TR000143, K23DK100468, K24DK092291] FX This publication was supported by Cooperative Agreement Number 1U58DP003839 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). This research was additionally supported by National Institutes of Health Grants KL2TR000143 (to R.K.H.), K23DK100468 (to R.K.H.), and K24DK092291 (to C.-y.H.). NR 36 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC NEPHROLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1725 I ST, NW STE 510, WASHINGTON, DC 20006 USA SN 1555-9041 EI 1555-905X J9 CLIN J AM SOC NEPHRO JI Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 11 IS 1 BP 14 EP 20 DI 10.2215/CJN.04520415 PG 7 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA DA4JM UT WOS:000367766200006 PM 26683890 ER PT J AU Teitelbaum, SL Li, Q Lambertini, L Belpoggi, F Manservisi, F Falcioni, L Bua, L Silva, MJ Ye, XY Calafat, AM Chen, J AF Teitelbaum, Susan L. Li, Qian Lambertini, Luca Belpoggi, Fiorella Manservisi, Fabiana Falcioni, Laura Bua, Luciano Silva, Manori J. Ye, Xiaoyun Calafat, Antonia M. Chen, Jia TI Paired Serum and Urine Concentrations of Biomarkers of Diethyl Phthalate, Methyl Paraben, and Triclosan in Rats SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article ID ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING CHEMICALS; N-BUTYL PHTHALATE; HPLC-MS/MS METHOD; BREAST-CANCER; BISPHENOL-A; DI(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE; ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS; PUBERTAL DEVELOPMENT; ORAL TOXICITY; HUMAN HEALTH AB BACKGROUND: Exposure to environmental chemicals, including phthalates and phenols such as parabens and triclosan, is ubiquitous within the U.S. general population. Objective: This proof-of-concept rodent study examined the relationship between oral doses of three widely used personal care product ingredients [diethyl phthalate (DEP), methyl paraben (MPB), and triclosan] and urine and serum concentrations of their respective biomarkers. METHODS: Using female Sprague-Dawley rats, we carried out two rounds of experiments with oral gavage doses selected in accordance with no observed adverse effect levels (NOAELs) derived from previous studies: 1,735 (DEP), 1,050 (MPB), 50 (triclosan) mg/kg/day. Administered doses ranged from 0.005 to 173 mg/kg/day, 10-100,000 times below the NOAEL for each chemical. Controls for the MPB and triclosan experiments were animals treated with olive oil (vehicle) only; controls for the DEP serum experiments were animals treated with the lowest doses of MPB and triclosan. Doses were administered for 5 days with five rats in each treatment group. Urine and blood serum, collected on the last day of exposure, were analyzed for biomarkers. Relationships between oral dose and biomarker concentrations were assessed using linear regression. RESULTS: Biomarkers were detected in all control urine samples at parts-per-billion levels, suggesting a low endemic environmental exposure to the three chemicals that could not be controlled even with all of the precautionary measures undertaken. Among the exposed animals, urinary concentrations of all three biomarkers were orders of magnitude higher than those in serum. A consistently positive linear relationship between oral dose and urinary concentration was observed (R-2 > 0.80); this relationship was inconsistent in serum. CONCLUSIONS: Our study highlights the importance of carefully considering the oral dose used in animal experiments and provides useful information in selecting doses for future studies. C1 [Teitelbaum, Susan L.; Li, Qian; Lambertini, Luca; Chen, Jia] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Dept Prevent Med, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Belpoggi, Fiorella; Manservisi, Fabiana; Falcioni, Laura; Bua, Luciano] Ramazzini Inst, Cesare Maltoni Canc Res Ctr, Bologna, Italy. [Silva, Manori J.; Ye, Xiaoyun; Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Teitelbaum, SL (reprint author), Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Dept Prevent Med, 1 Gustave Levy Pl,Box 1057, New York, NY 10029 USA. EM susan.teitelbaum@mssm.edu FU National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Sciences and National Cancer Institute, NIEHS/NCI [5U01ES019459] FX This research was supported by the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Sciences and National Cancer Institute, NIEHS/NCI grant 5U01ES019459. NR 66 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 14 U2 42 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 124 IS 1 BP 39 EP 45 DI 10.1289/ehp.1409586 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA DA1XQ UT WOS:000367589600013 PM 26047088 ER PT J AU Jones, CH Mohamed, N Rojas, E Andrew, L Hoyos, J Hawkins, JC McNeil, LK Jiang, Q Mayer, LW Wang, X Gilca, R De Wals, P Pedneault, L Eiden, J Jansen, KU Anderson, AS AF Jones, C. Hal Mohamed, Naglaa Rojas, Eduardo Andrew, Lubomira Hoyos, Johanna Hawkins, Julio C. McNeil, Lisa K. Jiang, Qin Mayer, Leonard W. Wang, Xin Gilca, Rodica De Wals, Philippe Pedneault, Louise Eiden, Joseph Jansen, Kathrin U. Anderson, Annaliesa S. TI Comparison of Phenotypic and Genotypic Approaches to Capsule Typing of Neisseria meningitidis by Use of Invasive and Carriage Isolate Collections SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID REAL-TIME PCR; B MENINGOCOCCAL VACCINE; C CONJUGATE VACCINATION; POLYSIALIC ACID CAPSULE; GENOME SEQUENCE DATA; NULL LOCUS STRAIN; SEROGROUP-B; POLYSACCHARIDE CAPSULE; SLIDE AGGLUTINATION; HEALTHY CARRIERS AB Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B (MnB) is a leading cause of bacterial meningitis; however, MnB is most commonly associated with asymptomatic carriage in the nasopharyngeal cavity, as opposed to the disease state. Two vaccines are now licensed for the prevention of MnB disease; a possible additional benefit of these vaccines could be to protect against disease indirectly by disrupting nasopharyngeal carriage (e.g., herd protection). To investigate this possibility, accurate diagnostic approaches to characterize MnB carriage isolates are required. In contrast to invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) isolates, which can be readily serogrouped, carriage isolates often lack capsule expression, making standard phenotypic assays unsuitable for strain characterization. Several antibody-based methods were evaluated for their abilities to serogroup isolates and were compared with two genotyping methods (real-time PCR [rt-PCR] and whole-genome sequencing [WGS]) to identify which approach would most accurately ascertain the polysaccharide groups associated with carriage isolates. WGS and rt-PCR were in agreement for 99% of IMD isolates, including those with coding sequences for MnB, MnC, MnW, and MnY, and the phenotypic methods correctly identified serogroups for 69 to 98% of IMD isolates. In contrast, only 47% of carriage isolates were groupable by genotypic methods, due to mutations within the capsule operon; of the isolates identified by genotypic methods, <= 43% were serogroupable with any of the phenotypic methods tested. These observations highlight the difficulties in the serogrouping and capsular genogrouping of meningococcal carriage isolates. Based on our findings, WGS is the most suitable approach for the characterization of meningococcal carriage isolates. C1 [Jones, C. Hal; Mohamed, Naglaa; Rojas, Eduardo; Andrew, Lubomira; Hoyos, Johanna; Hawkins, Julio C.; McNeil, Lisa K.; Jiang, Qin; Pedneault, Louise; Eiden, Joseph; Jansen, Kathrin U.; Anderson, Annaliesa S.] Pfizer Vaccine Res & Dev, Pearl River, NY 10965 USA. [Mayer, Leonard W.; Wang, Xin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Meningitis & Vaccine Preventable Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gilca, Rodica; De Wals, Philippe] Inst Natl Sante Publ Quebec, Quebec City, PQ, Canada. [Gilca, Rodica; De Wals, Philippe] Univ Laval, Quebec City, PQ, Canada. [Gilca, Rodica; De Wals, Philippe] CHU Quebec, Quebec City, PQ, Canada. RP Jones, CH (reprint author), Pfizer Vaccine Res & Dev, Pearl River, NY 10965 USA. EM hal.jones@pfizer.com FU Pfizer Vaccine Research; Pfizer FX This study was sponsored by Pfizer Vaccine Research.; C.H.J., N.M., E.R., L.A., J.H., J.C.H., L.K.M., Q.J., L.P., J.E., K.U.J., and A.S.A. are current or former employees of Pfizer and may own stock in the company. R.G. and P.D.W. have received research grants and/or reimbursement of travel expenses from Pfizer. L.W.M. and X.W. have no conflicts of interest and do not receive financial support or have other interests in commercial companies. NR 98 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 EI 1098-660X J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 54 IS 1 BP 25 EP 34 DI 10.1128/JCM.01447-15 PG 10 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DA1DX UT WOS:000367537600007 PM 26311858 ER PT J AU Liu, J Ochieng, C Wiersma, S Stroher, U Towner, JS Whitmer, S Nichol, ST Moore, CC Kersh, GJ Kato, C Sexton, C Petersen, J Massung, R Hercik, C Crump, JA Kibiki, G Maro, A Mujaga, B Gratz, J Jacob, ST Banura, P Scheld, WM Juma, B Onyango, CO Montgomery, JM Houpt, E Fields, B AF Liu, Jie Ochieng, Caroline Wiersma, Steve Stroeher, Ute Towner, Jonathan S. Whitmer, Shannon Nichol, Stuart T. Moore, Christopher C. Kersh, Gilbert J. Kato, Cecilia Sexton, Christopher Petersen, Jeannine Massung, Robert Hercik, Christine Crump, John A. Kibiki, Gibson Maro, Athanasia Mujaga, Buliga Gratz, Jean Jacob, Shevin T. Banura, Patrick Scheld, W. Michael Juma, Bonventure Onyango, Clayton O. Montgomery, Joel M. Houpt, Eric Fields, Barry TI Development of a TaqMan Array Card for Acute-Febrile-Illness Outbreak Investigation and Surveillance of Emerging Pathogens, Including Ebola Virus SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-PCR; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER VIRUS; HEPATITIS-E-VIRUS; RAPID DIAGNOSIS; TYPHOID-FEVER; DENGUE VIRUS; VIRAL LOAD; ASSAY; CHILDREN; DISEASE AB Acute febrile illness (AFI) is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide, yet an etiologic agent is often not identified. Convalescent-phase serology is impractical, blood culture is slow, and many pathogens are fastidious or impossible to cultivate. We developed a real-time PCR-based TaqMan array card (TAC) that can test six to eight samples within 2.5 h from sample to results and can simultaneously detect 26 AFI-associated organisms, including 15 viruses (chikungunya, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever [CCHF] virus, dengue, Ebola virus, Bundibugyo virus, Sudan virus, hantaviruses [Hantaan and Seoul], hepatitis E, Marburg, Nipah virus, o'nyong-nyong virus, Rift Valley fever virus, West Nile virus, and yellow fever virus), 8 bacteria (Bartonella spp., Brucella spp., Coxiella burnetii, Leptospira spp., Rickettsia spp., Salmonella enterica and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, and Yersinia pestis), and 3 protozoa (Leishmania spp., Plasmodium spp., and Trypanosoma brucei). Two extrinsic controls (phocine herpesvirus 1 and bacteriophage MS2) were included to ensure extraction and amplification efficiency. Analytical validation was performed on spiked specimens for linearity, intra-assay precision, interassay precision, limit of detection, and specificity. The performance of the card on clinical specimens was evaluated with 1,050 blood samples by comparison to the individual real-time PCR assays, and the TAC exhibited an overall 88% (278/315; 95% confidence interval [CI], 84% to 92%) sensitivity and a 99% (5,261/5,326, 98% to 99%) specificity. This TaqMan array card can be used in field settings as a rapid screen for outbreak investigation or for the surveillance of pathogens, including Ebola virus. C1 [Liu, Jie; Moore, Christopher C.; Scheld, W. Michael; Houpt, Eric] Univ Virginia, Div Infect Dis & Int Hlth, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. [Ochieng, Caroline] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Nairobi, Kenya. [Wiersma, Steve] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global Hlth Protect, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Stroeher, Ute; Towner, Jonathan S.; Whitmer, Shannon; Nichol, Stuart T.; Massung, Robert] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kersh, Gilbert J.; Kato, Cecilia; Sexton, Christopher; Petersen, Jeannine] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Vector Borne Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hercik, Christine] Georgetown Univ, Washington, DC USA. [Crump, John A.] Duke Univ, Div Infect Dis & Int Hlth, Durham, NC USA. [Crump, John A.] Univ Otago, Ctr Int Hlth, Dunedin, New Zealand. [Kibiki, Gibson; Maro, Athanasia; Mujaga, Buliga; Gratz, Jean] Kilimanjaro Clin Res Inst, Moshi, Tanzania. [Jacob, Shevin T.] Univ Washington, Div Allergy & Infect Dis, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Banura, Patrick] Masaka Reg Referral Hosp, Masaka, Uganda. [Juma, Bonventure; Onyango, Clayton O.; Montgomery, Joel M.; Fields, Barry] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global Hlth Protect, Nairobi, Kenya. [Montgomery, Joel M.; Fields, Barry] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global Hlth Protect, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Houpt, E (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Div Infect Dis & Int Hlth, Charlottesville, VA 22901 USA. EM erh6k@virginia.edu; bsf2@cdc.gov FU CDC [200-2013-M-57203]; NIH [K24AI102972] FX CDC provided funding to Eric Houpt under grant number 200-2013-M-57203. NIH provided funding to Eric Houpt under grant number K24AI102972. NR 50 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 EI 1098-660X J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 54 IS 1 BP 49 EP 58 DI 10.1128/JCM.02257-15 PG 10 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DA1DX UT WOS:000367537600010 PM 26491176 ER PT J AU Rudolph, K Bruce, MG Bruden, D Zulz, T Reasonover, A Hurlburt, D Hennessy, T AF Rudolph, Karen Bruce, Michael G. Bruden, Dana Zulz, Tammy Reasonover, Alisa Hurlburt, Debby Hennessy, Thomas TI Epidemiology of Invasive Group A Streptococcal Disease in Alaska, 2001 to 2013 SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PYOGENES DISEASE; UNITED-STATES; EMM TYPE; VACCINE IMPLICATIONS; VIRULENCE FACTORS; INFECTIONS; SURVEILLANCE; ANTIBODIES; IMMUNOGENICITY; PATHOGENESIS AB The Arctic Investigations Program (AIP) began surveillance for invasive group A streptococcal (GAS) infections in Alaska in 2000 as part of the invasive bacterial diseases population-based laboratory surveillance program. Between 2001 and 2013, there were 516 cases of GAS infection reported, for an overall annual incidence of 5.8 cases per 100,000 persons with 56 deaths (case fatality rate, 10.7%). Of the 516 confirmed cases of invasive GAS infection, 422 (82%) had isolates available for laboratory analysis. All isolates were susceptible to penicillin, cefotaxime, and levofloxacin. Resistance to tetracycline, erythromycin, and clindamycin was seen in 11% (n = 8), 5.8% (n = 20), and 1.2% (n = 4) of the isolates, respectively. A total of 51 emm types were identified, of which emm1 (11.1%) was the most prevalent, followed by emm82 (8.8%), emm49 (7.8%), emm12 and emm3 (6.6% each), emm89 (6.2%), emm108 (5.5%), emm28 (4.7%), emm92 (4%), and emm41 (3.8%). The five most common emm types accounted for 41% of isolates. The emm types in the proposed 26-valent and 30-valent vaccines accounted for 56% and 78% of all cases, respectively. GAS remains an important cause of invasive bacterial disease in Alaska. Continued surveillance of GAS infections will help improve understanding of the epidemiology of invasive disease, with an impact on disease control, notification of outbreaks, and vaccine development. C1 [Rudolph, Karen; Bruce, Michael G.; Bruden, Dana; Zulz, Tammy; Reasonover, Alisa; Hurlburt, Debby; Hennessy, Thomas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Program, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. RP Rudolph, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Program, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM krudolph@cdc.gov NR 44 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 23 U2 23 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 EI 1098-660X J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 54 IS 1 BP 134 EP 141 DI 10.1128/JCM.02122-15 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DA1DX UT WOS:000367537600022 PM 26560536 ER PT J AU Gonzalez, MD Langley, LC Buchan, BW Faron, ML Maier, M Templeton, K Walker, K Popowitch, EB Miller, MB Rao, A Liebert, UG Ledeboer, NA Vinje, J Burnham, CAD AF Gonzalez, Mark D. Langley, L. Claire Buchan, Blake W. Faron, Matthew L. Maier, Melanie Templeton, Kate Walker, Kimberly Popowitch, Elena B. Miller, Melissa B. Rao, Arundhati Liebert, Uwe G. Ledeboer, Nathan A. Vinje, Jan Burnham, Carey-Ann D. TI Multicenter Evaluation of the Xpert Norovirus Assay for Detection of Norovirus Genogroups I and II in Fecal Specimens SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GASTROINTESTINAL PATHOGEN PANEL; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-PCR; INFECTIOUS GASTROENTERITIS; UNITED-STATES; DIAGNOSIS; OUTBREAKS; TRANSMISSION; PREVALENCE; PREVENTION; ROTAVIRUS AB Norovirus is the most common cause of sporadic gastroenteritis and outbreaks worldwide. The rapid identification of norovirus has important implications for infection prevention measures and may reduce the need for additional diagnostic testing. The Xpert Norovirus assay recently received FDA clearance for the detection and differentiation of norovirus genogroups I and II (GI and GII), which account for the vast majority of infections. In this study, we evaluated the performance of the Xpert Norovirus assay with both fresh, prospectively collected (n = 914) and frozen, archived (n = 489) fecal specimens. A Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) composite reference method was used as the gold standard for comparison. For both prospective and frozen specimens, the Xpert Norovirus assay showed positive percent agreement (PPA) and negative percent agreement (NPA) values of 98.3% and 98.1% for GI and of 99.4% and 98.2% for GII, respectively. Norovirus prevalence in the prospective specimens (collected from March to May of 2014) was 9.9% (n = 90), with the majority of positives caused by genogroup II (82%, n = 74). The positive predictive value (PPV) of the Xpert Norovirus assay was 75% for GI-positive specimens, whereas it was 86.5% for GII-positive specimens. The negative predictive values (NPV) for GI and GII were 100% and 99.9%, respectively. C1 [Gonzalez, Mark D.; Burnham, Carey-Ann D.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Immunol, Div Lab & Genom Med, St Louis, MO 63108 USA. [Langley, L. Claire; Vinje, Jan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Buchan, Blake W.; Faron, Matthew L.; Ledeboer, Nathan A.] Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Pathol, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. [Maier, Melanie; Liebert, Uwe G.] Univ Leipzig, Inst Virol, D-04109 Leipzig, Germany. [Templeton, Kate] Royal Infirm Edinburgh NHS Trust, Specialist Virol Ctr, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Walker, Kimberly; Rao, Arundhati] Scott & White Mem Hosp & Clin, Dept Pathol, Temple, TX 76508 USA. [Popowitch, Elena B.; Miller, Melissa B.] UNC Hlth Care, Clin Mol Microbiol Lab, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Miller, Melissa B.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Burnham, CAD (reprint author), Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Immunol, Div Lab & Genom Med, St Louis, MO 63108 USA. EM cburnham@path.wustl.edu FU Cepheid; CDC Foundation FX This work was funded by Cepheid. CDC Foundation provided funding to L. Claire Langley. NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 EI 1098-660X J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 54 IS 1 BP 142 EP 147 DI 10.1128/JCM.02361-15 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DA1DX UT WOS:000367537600023 PM 26560532 ER PT J AU Zhang, GQ Cai, FP de Rivera, IL Zhou, ZY Zhang, J Nkengasong, J Gao, F Yang, CF AF Zhang, Guoqing Cai, Fangping Lorenzana de Rivera, Ivette Zhou, Zhiyong Zhang, Jing Nkengasong, John Gao, Feng Yang, Chunfu TI Simultaneous Detection of Major Drug Resistance Mutations of HIV-1 Subtype B Viruses from Dried Blood Spot Specimens by Multiplex Allele-Specific Assay SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB A multiplex allele-specific (MAS) assay has been developed for the detection of HIV-1 subtype C drug resistance mutations (DRMs). We have optimized the MAS assay to determine subtype B DRMs in dried blood spots (DBS) collected from patients on antiretroviral therapy. The new assay accurately detected DRMs, including low-abundance mutations that were often missed by Sanger sequencing. C1 [Zhang, Guoqing; Zhou, Zhiyong; Zhang, Jing; Nkengasong, John; Yang, Chunfu] CDC, Int Lab Branch, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cai, Fangping; Gao, Feng] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Lorenzana de Rivera, Ivette] Natl Autonomous Univ Honduras, Dept Microbiol, Tegucigalpa, Honduras. RP Yang, CF (reprint author), CDC, Int Lab Branch, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fgao@duke.edu; cyang1@cdc.gov FU HHS \ National Institutes of Health (NIH) [RO1 GM065057] FX HHS vertical bar National Institutes of Health (NIH) provided funding to Feng Gao under grant number RO1 GM065057. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 EI 1098-660X J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 54 IS 1 BP 220 EP 222 DI 10.1128/JCM.02833-15 PG 3 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DA1DX UT WOS:000367537600042 PM 26560533 ER PT J AU Christensen, DL Bilder, DA Zahorodny, W Pettygrove, S Durkin, MS Fitzgerald, RT Rice, C Kurzius-Spencer, M Baio, J Yeargin-Allsopp, M AF Christensen, Deborah L. Bilder, Deborah A. Zahorodny, Walter Pettygrove, Sydney Durkin, Maureen S. Fitzgerald, Robert T. Rice, Catherine Kurzius-Spencer, Margaret Baio, Jon Yeargin-Allsopp, Marshalyn TI Prevalence and Characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorder Among 4-Year-Old Children in the Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network SO JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL AND BEHAVIORAL PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE prevalence; autism spectrum disorder; developmental disabilities; population-based surveillance ID PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; DIAGNOSIS; US; INTERVENTION; SCORES; AGE AB Objective:Early identification of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) facilitates timely access to intervention services. Yet, few population-based data exist on ASD identification among preschool-aged children. The authors aimed to describe ASD prevalence and characteristics among 4-year-old children in 5 of 11 sites participating in the 2010 Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network.Method:Children with ASD were identified through screening of health and education records for ASD indicators, data abstraction and compilation for each child, and clinician review of records. ASD prevalence estimates, ages at first evaluation and ASD diagnosis, cognitive test scores, and demographics were compared for 4-year-old children and 8-year-old children living in the same areas.Results:Among 58,467 children in these 5 sites, 4-year-old ASD prevalence was 13.4 per 1000, which was 30% lower than 8-year-old ASD prevalence. Prevalence of ASD without cognitive impairment was 40% lower among 4-year-olds compared with 8-year-olds, but prevalence of ASD with cognitive impairment was 20% higher among 4-year-olds compared with 8-year-olds. Among 4-year-olds with ASD, female and non-Hispanic white children were more likely to receive their first comprehensive evaluation by age 36 months compared with male and non-Hispanic black children, respectively. Among children diagnosed with ASD by age 48 months, median age at first comprehensive evaluation was 27 months for 4-year-olds compared with 32 months for 8-year-olds.Conclusion:Population-based ASD surveillance among 4-year-old children provides valuable information about the early identification of children with ASD and suggests progression toward lowering the age of first ASD evaluation within participating Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring communities. C1 [Christensen, Deborah L.; Rice, Catherine; Baio, Jon; Yeargin-Allsopp, Marshalyn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bilder, Deborah A.] Univ Utah, Dept Psychiat, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Zahorodny, Walter] Rutgers New Jersey Med Sch, Dept Pediat, Newark, NJ USA. [Pettygrove, Sydney; Kurzius-Spencer, Margaret] Univ Arizona, Dept Pediat, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Durkin, Maureen S.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Populat Hlth Sci, Madison, WI USA. [Durkin, Maureen S.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Pediat, Madison, WI USA. [Durkin, Maureen S.] Univ Wisconsin, Waisman Ctr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [Fitzgerald, Robert T.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. RP Christensen, DL (reprint author), Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 4770 Buford Highway,MS E-86, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM dqc3@cdc.gov RI Rice, Catherine/D-6305-2016 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 18 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0196-206X EI 1536-7312 J9 J DEV BEHAV PEDIATR JI J. Dev. Behav. Pediatr. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 37 IS 1 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1097/DBP.0000000000000235 PG 8 WC Behavioral Sciences; Psychology, Developmental; Pediatrics SC Behavioral Sciences; Psychology; Pediatrics GA DA5EX UT WOS:000367826900001 PM 26651088 ER PT J AU Young, KH Ehman, M AF Young, Kai H. Ehman, Melissa TI Tuberculosis Contact Investigations United States, 20032012 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID INFECTION C1 [Young, Kai H.] CDC, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Div Communicable Dis Control, Ctr Infect Dis, Sacramento, CA USA. Denver Publ Hlth Dept, Denver, CO USA. RP Young, KH (reprint author), CDC, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM deq0@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 64 IS 50-51 BP 1369 EP 1374 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DA5SK UT WOS:000367862600001 PM 26720627 ER PT J AU Rudd, RA Aleshire, N Zibbell, JE Gladden, RM AF Rudd, Rose A. Aleshire, Noah Zibbell, Jon E. Gladden, R. Matthew TI Increases in Drug and Opioid Overdose Deaths - United States, 2000-2014 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Rudd, Rose A.; Aleshire, Noah; Zibbell, Jon E.; Gladden, R. Matthew] CDC, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Rudd, RA (reprint author), CDC, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rvr2@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 106 Z9 107 U1 4 U2 15 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 64 IS 50-51 BP 1378 EP 1382 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DA5SK UT WOS:000367862600003 PM 26720857 ER PT J AU Harrist, A Van Houten, C Shulman, ST Van Beneden, C Murphy, T AF Harrist, Alexia Van Houten, Clayton Shulman, Stanford T. Van Beneden, Chris Murphy, Tracy TI Group A Streptococcal Pharyngitis Misdiagnoses at a Rural Urgent-Care Clinic - Wyoming, March 2015 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES C1 [Harrist, Alexia] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Harrist, Alexia; Van Houten, Clayton; Murphy, Tracy] Wyoming Dept Hlth, Publ Hlth Sci Sect, Cheyenne, WY USA. [Shulman, Stanford T.] Northwestern Univ, Sch Med, Ann & Robert H Lurie Childrens Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Chicago, IL USA. [Van Beneden, Chris] CDC, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Harrist, A (reprint author), CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM alexia.harrist@wyo.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 64 IS 50-51 BP 1383 EP 1385 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DA5SK UT WOS:000367862600004 PM 26719990 ER PT J AU Muleta, D Kainer, MA Moore-Moravian, L Wiese, A Ward, J McMaster, S Nguyen, D Forbi, JC Mixson-Hayden, T Collier, M AF Muleta, Daniel Kainer, Marion A. Moore-Moravian, Loretta Wiese, Andrew Ward, Jennifer McMaster, Sheila Duc Nguyen Forbi, Joseph C. Mixson-Hayden, Tonya Collier, Melissa TI Hepatitis C Outbreak in a Dialysis Clinic - Tennessee, 2014 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Muleta, Daniel; Kainer, Marion A.; Moore-Moravian, Loretta; Wiese, Andrew; Ward, Jennifer] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Ridgeland, MS 39157 USA. [McMaster, Sheila] End Stage Renal Dis Network 8, Ridgeland, MS USA. [Duc Nguyen] CDC, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Forbi, Joseph C.; Mixson-Hayden, Tonya; Collier, Melissa] CDC, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Muleta, D (reprint author), Tennessee Dept Hlth, Ridgeland, MS 39157 USA. EM Daniel.Muleta@tn.gov NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 64 IS 50-51 BP 1386 EP 1387 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DA5SK UT WOS:000367862600005 PM 26720110 ER PT J AU Calvert, GM AF Calvert, Geoffrey M. TI Agricultural pesticide exposure and chronic kidney disease: new findings and more questions SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID STAGE RENAL-DISEASE; UNITED-STATES; WORKERS; APPLICATORS C1 [Calvert, Geoffrey M.] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Calvert, GM (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, 1090 Tusculum Ave,R-17, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM jac6@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 EI 1470-7926 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 73 IS 1 BP 1 EP 2 DI 10.1136/oemed-2015-103132 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DA6BH UT WOS:000367886200001 PM 26403530 ER PT J AU Gallagher, L Park, RM Checkoway, H AF Gallagher, Lisa Park, Robert M. Checkoway, Harvey TI Author response: Extended follow-up of lung cancer and non-malignant respiratory disease mortality among California diatomaceous earth workers SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter DE silica; cohort; mortality; lung cancer C1 [Gallagher, Lisa] Univ Washington, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Park, Robert M.] NIOSH, US Dept HHS, Publ Hlth Serv, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Checkoway, Harvey] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP Gallagher, L (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM lgallag@u.washington.edu NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 EI 1470-7926 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 73 IS 1 BP 72 EP 72 DI 10.1136/oemed-2015-103362 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DA6BH UT WOS:000367886200012 PM 26561506 ER PT J AU Ham, DC Hariri, S Kamb, M Mark, J Ilunga, R Forhan, S Likibi, M Lewis, DA AF Ham, David Cal Hariri, Susan Kamb, Mary Mark, Jennifer Ilunga, Ricky Forhan, Sara Likibi, Mupatal Lewis, David A. TI Quality of Sexually Transmitted Infection Case Management Services in Gauteng Province, South Africa: An Evaluation of Health Providers' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; DISEASE CASE-MANAGEMENT; GENITAL ULCER DISEASE; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; HIV-INFECTION; MEN; SEROCONVERSION; TRANSMISSION; CLINICS; CARE AB Background The sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinical encounter is an opportunity to identify current and prevent new HIV and STI infections. We examined knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding STIs and HIV among public and private providers in a large province in South Africa with a high disease burden. Methods From November 2008 to March 2009, 611 doctors and nurses from 120 public and 52 private clinics serving patients with STIs in Gauteng Province completed an anonymous, self-administered survey. Responses were compared by clinic location, provider type, and level of training. Results Most respondents were nurses (91%) and female (89%), were from public clinics (91%), and had received formal STI training (67%). Most (88%) correctly identified all of the common STI syndromes (i.e., genital ulcer syndrome, urethral discharge syndrome, and vaginal discharge syndrome). However, almost none correctly identified the most common etiologies for all 3 of these syndromes (0.8%), or the recommended first or alternative treatment regimens for all syndromes (0.8%). Very few (6%) providers correctly answered the 14 basic STI knowledge questions. Providers reporting formal STI training were more likely to identify correctly all 3 STI syndromes (P = 0.034) as well as answer correctly all 14 general STI knowledge questions (P = 0.016) compared with those not reporting STI training. In addition, several providers reported negative attitudes about patients with STI that may have affected their ability to practice optimal STI management. Conclusions Sexually transmitted infection general knowledge was suboptimal, particularly among providers without STI training. Provider training and brief refresher courses on specific aspects of diagnosis and management may benefit HIV/STI clinical care and prevention in Gauteng Province. C1 [Ham, David Cal] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Hariri, Susan; Kamb, Mary] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Mark, Jennifer] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Ilunga, Ricky] Natl Hlth Lab Serv, Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Forhan, Sara] CDC, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lewis, David A.] Natl Inst Communicable Dis NHLS, Ctr HIV & STIs, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Lewis, David A.] Univ Sydney, Westmead Clin Sch, Ctr Infect Dis & Microbiol, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Lewis, David A.] Univ Sydney, Westmead Clin Sch, Marie Bashir Inst Infect Dis & Biosecur, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. RP Ham, DC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-27, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM Ink4@CDC.gov FU Division of STD Preventions, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Funding for the study was provided by the Division of STD Preventions, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0148-5717 EI 1537-4521 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 43 IS 1 BP 23 EP 29 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000383 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DA3ZR UT WOS:000367740400005 PM 26650992 ER PT J AU Robinson, CL Young, L Bisgard, K Mickey, T Taylor, MM AF Robinson, Candice L. Young, Lauren Bisgard, Kristine Mickey, Tom Taylor, Melanie M. TI Syphilis Time to Treatment at Publicly Funded Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinics Versus Non-Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinics-Maricopa and Pima Counties, Arizona, 2009-2012 SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; HIV; INFECTION; REFORM; SELF; MEN AB Delays in syphilis treatment may contribute to transmission. We evaluated time to treatment for symptomatic patients with syphilis by clinical testing site in 2 Arizona counties. Fewer patients were tested and treated at publicly funded sexually transmitted disease clinics, but received the timeliest treatment; these clinics remain crucial to syphilis disease control. C1 [Robinson, Candice L.; Bisgard, Kristine] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Educ & Profess Dev, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Young, Lauren; Taylor, Melanie M.] Arizona Dept Hlth Serv, Sexually Transmitted Dis Control Program, Phoenix, AZ 85007 USA. [Mickey, Tom; Taylor, Melanie M.] Maricopa Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Taylor, Melanie M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Robinson, CL (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-19, Atlanta, GA USA. EM xfp3@cdc.gov NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0148-5717 EI 1537-4521 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 43 IS 1 BP 30 EP 33 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000379 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DA3ZR UT WOS:000367740400006 PM 26650993 ER PT J AU Gift, TL O'Donnell, LN Rietmeijer, CA Malotte, KC Klausner, JD Margolis, AD Borkowf, CB Kent, CK Warner, L AF Gift, Thomas L. O'Donnell, Lydia N. Rietmeijer, Cornelis A. Malotte, Kevin C. Klausner, Jeffrey D. Margolis, Andrew D. Borkowf, Craig B. Kent, Charlotte K. Warner, Lee CA Safe City Study Grp TI The Program Cost of a Brief Video Intervention Shown in Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinic Waiting Rooms SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article AB Background Patients in sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic waiting rooms represent a potential audience for delivering health messages via video-based interventions. A controlled trial at 3 sites found that patients exposed to one intervention, Safe in the City, had a significantly lower incidence of STDs compared with patients in the control condition. An evaluation of the intervention's cost could help determine whether such interventions are programmatically viable. Materials and Methods The cost of producing the Safe in the City intervention was estimated using study records, including logs, calendars, and contract invoices. Production costs were divided by the 1650 digital video kits initially fabricated to get an estimated cost per digital video. Clinic costs for showing the video in waiting rooms included staff time costs for equipment operation and hardware depreciation and were estimated for the 21-month study observation period retrospectively. Results The intervention cost an estimated $416,966 to develop, equaling $253 per digital video disk produced. Per-site costs to show the video intervention were estimated to be $2699 during the randomized trial. Conclusions The cost of producing and implementing Safe in the City intervention suggests that similar interventions could potentially be produced and made available to end users at a price that would both cover production costs and be low enough that the end users could afford them. C1 [Gift, Thomas L.; Margolis, Andrew D.; Borkowf, Craig B.; Kent, Charlotte K.; Warner, Lee] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [O'Donnell, Lydia N.] Educ Dev Ctr, Waltham, MA USA. [Rietmeijer, Cornelis A.] Rietmeijer Consulting LLC, Denver, CO USA. [Malotte, Kevin C.] Calif State Univ Long Beach, Long Beach, CA 90840 USA. [Klausner, Jeffrey D.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Gift, TL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0148-5717 EI 1537-4521 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 43 IS 1 BP 61 EP 64 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000388 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DA3ZU UT WOS:000367740700005 PM 26650999 ER PT J AU Ham, DC Lentine, D Hoover, KW Boazman-Holmes, V Whiting, D Sobel, J Miller, C Cohn, J Krzanowski, K AF Ham, D. Cal Lentine, Dan Hoover, Karen W. Boazman-Holmes, Vickie Whiting, Deborah Sobel, Jack Miller, Corinne Cohn, Jonathan Krzanowski, Karen TI Strengthening Sexually Transmitted Disease Services in Detroit, Michigan: A Call to Action SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Ham, D. Cal; Hoover, Karen W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, CDC, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Lentine, Dan; Boazman-Holmes, Vickie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, STD Prevent, CDC, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Whiting, Deborah] Detroit Dept Hlth & Wellness Promot, Detroit, MI USA. [Sobel, Jack; Cohn, Jonathan] Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Detroit, MI USA. [Miller, Corinne; Krzanowski, Karen] Michigan Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Lansing, MI USA. RP Ham, DC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, CDC, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-27, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM Ink4@CDC.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0148-5717 EI 1537-4521 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 43 IS 1 BP 65 EP 66 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000385 PG 2 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DA3ZU UT WOS:000367740700006 PM 26651000 ER PT J AU Koethe, JR Jenkins, CA Lau, B Shepherd, BE Justice, AC Tate, JP Buchacz, K Napravnik, S Mayor, AM Horberg, MA Blashill, AJ Willig, A Wester, CW Silverberg, MJ Gill, J Thorne, JE Klein, M Eron, JJ Kitahata, MM Sterling, TR Moore, RD AF Koethe, John R. Jenkins, Cathy A. Lau, Bryan Shepherd, Bryan E. Justice, Amy C. Tate, Janet P. Buchacz, Kate Napravnik, Sonia Mayor, Angel M. Horberg, Michael A. Blashill, Aaron J. Willig, Amanda Wester, C. William Silverberg, Michael J. Gill, John Thorne, Jennifer E. Klein, Marina Eron, Joseph J. Kitahata, Mari M. Sterling, Timothy R. Moore, Richard D. CA North American AIDS Cohort Collabo TI Rising Obesity Prevalence and Weight Gain Among Adults Starting Antiretroviral Therapy in the United States and Canada SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS; BODY-MASS INDEX; RISK-FACTORS; ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; ASSOCIATION; DISEASE; GENDER; COHORT AB The proportion of overweight and obese adults in the United States and Canada has increased over the past decade, but temporal trends in body mass index (BMI) and weight gain on antiretroviral therapy (ART) among HIV-infected adults have not been well characterized. We conducted a cohort study comparing HIV-infected adults in the North America AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design (NA-ACCORD) to United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) controls matched by sex, race, and age over the period 1998 to 2010. Multivariable linear regression assessed the relationship between BMI and year of ART initiation, adjusting for sex, race, age, and baseline CD4(+) count. Temporal trends in weight on ART were assessed using a generalized least-squares model further adjusted for HIV-1 RNA and first ART regimen class. A total of 14,084 patients from 17 cohorts contributed data; 83% were male, 57% were nonwhite, and the median age was 40 years. Median BMI at ART initiation increased from 23.8 to 24.8kg/m(2) between 1998 and 2010 in NA-ACCORD, but the percentage of those obese (BMI 30kg/m(2)) at ART initiation increased from 9% to 18%. After 3 years of ART, 22% of individuals with a normal BMI (18.5-24.9kg/m(2)) at baseline had become overweight (BMI 25.0-29.9 kg/m(2)), and 18% of those overweight at baseline had become obese. HIV-infected white women had a higher BMI after 3 years of ART as compared to age-matched white women in NHANES (p=0.02), while no difference in BMI after 3 years of ART was observed for HIV-infected men or non-white women compared to controls. The high prevalence of obesity we observed among ART-exposed HIV-infected adults in North America may contribute to health complications in the future. C1 [Koethe, John R.; Jenkins, Cathy A.; Shepherd, Bryan E.; Wester, C. William; Sterling, Timothy R.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Lau, Bryan; Thorne, Jennifer E.; Moore, Richard D.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Justice, Amy C.; Tate, Janet P.] Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT USA. [Justice, Amy C.; Tate, Janet P.] VA Connecticut Healthcare Syst, West Haven, CT USA. [Buchacz, Kate] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Napravnik, Sonia; Eron, Joseph J.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Mayor, Angel M.] Univ Cent Caribe, Bayamon, PR USA. [Horberg, Michael A.] Mid Atlantic Permanente Res Inst, Rockville, MD USA. [Blashill, Aaron J.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Willig, Amanda] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA. [Silverberg, Michael J.] Kaiser Permanente No Calif, Oakland, CA USA. [Gill, John] Sheldon M Chumir Hlth Ctr, Alberta HIV Clin, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Klein, Marina] McGill Univ, Ctr Hlth, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Kitahata, Mari M.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Koethe, JR (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Div Infect Dis, Med Ctr, A2200-MCN,1161 21st Ave South, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. EM john.r.koethe@vanderbilt.edu RI Gill, John/G-7083-2016; OI Gill, John/0000-0002-8546-8790; Mayor, Angel M./0000-0002-7705-837X; Willig, Amanda/0000-0001-8802-4311; Justice, Amy/0000-0003-0139-5502 FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID); National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH) [U01-AI069918]; NIH [R01-DA04334, R01-DA12568, U01-AI38855, U01-AI38858, U01-AI68634, U01-AI68636, U01-AI69432, U01-AI69434, P30-AI036219, U01-DA036935, K24-DA00432, P30-AI094189, R01-AA16893, R01-DA11602, U01-AI35039, U01-AI35040, U01-AI35041, U01-AI35042, U01-AI35043, U01-AI37613, U01-AI37984, MO1-RR-00052, UL1-RR024131, P30-AI027763, P30-MH62246, R24-AI067039, P30-AI27767, P30-AI50410, N02-CP55504, UL1-TR000083, KL2 TR000421, P30-AI27757, U01-AI31834, U01-AI34989, U01-AI34993, U01-AI34994, U01-AI35004, U01-HD32632, U01-AI42590, K23-100700, K23-MH096647, K24-AI65298, U54-MD007587, G12-MD007583, R56-AI102622]; Canadian Institutes of Health Research [CBR-86906, CBR-94036, HCP-97105, KRS-86251, TGF-96118]; Ontario Ministry of Health and Long Term Care; Government of Alberta, Canada; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC200-2011-41872]; Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality [90047713, 290-2011-00007C]; Health Resources and Services Administration [90051652, 250-2012-00008C]; Vanderbilt Meharry Center for AIDS Research [AI54999]; Vanderbilt Clinical and Translational Science award from NCRR [UL1-RR024975-01] FX We thank Lisa Jacobson, ScD, Pragna Patel, MD, MPH, and Peter Rebeiro, PhD for their assistance with revising the manuscript. NA-ACCORD is supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), with supplemental funding from the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH; U01-AI069918). The funding source had no role in data collection, data analysis, or the decision to publish the results. Cohorts contributing data to this project are supported by the following grants and contracts: NIH Grants R01-DA04334, R01-DA12568, U01-AI38855, U01-AI38858, U01-AI68634, U01-AI68636, U01-AI69432, U01-AI69434, P30-AI036219, U01-DA036935, K24-DA00432, P30-AI094189, R01-AA16893, R01-DA11602, U01-AI35039, U01-AI35040, U01-AI35041, U01-AI35042, U01-AI35043, U01-AI37613, U01-AI37984, MO1-RR-00052, UL1-RR024131, P30-AI027763, P30-MH62246, R24-AI067039, P30-AI27767, P30-AI50410, N02-CP55504, UL1-TR000083, KL2 TR000421, P30-AI27757, U01-AI31834, U01-AI34989, U01-AI34993, U01-AI34994, U01-AI35004, U01-HD32632, U01-AI42590; Canadian Institutes of Health Research Grants CBR-86906, CBR-94036, HCP-97105, KRS-86251, TGF-96118; Ontario Ministry of Health and Long Term Care; the Government of Alberta, Canada. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention contract CDC200-2011-41872; Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality contracts 90047713 and 290-2011-00007C; Health Resources and Services Administration contracts 90051652 and 250-2012-00008C. Additional support was provided by NIH Grants K23-100700, K23-MH096647, K24-AI65298, U54-MD007587, G12-MD007583, R56-AI102622, the Vanderbilt Meharry Center for AIDS Research Grant AI54999, and the Vanderbilt Clinical and Translational Science award from NCRR Grant UL1-RR024975-01. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the NIH or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 39 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 11 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0889-2229 EI 1931-8405 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 32 IS 1 BP 50 EP 58 DI 10.1089/aid.2015.0147 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA CZ8FH UT WOS:000367335100008 PM 26352511 ER PT J AU Escota, GV Mondy, K Bush, T Conley, L Brooks, JT Onen, N Patel, P Kojic, EM Henry, K Hammer, J Wood, KC Lichtenstein, KA Overton, ET AF Escota, Gerome V. Mondy, Kristin Bush, Tim Conley, Lois Brooks, John T. Onen, Nur Patel, Pragna Kojic, Erna Milunka Henry, Keith Hammer, John Wood, K. C. Lichtenstein, Kenneth A. Overton, Edgar T. CA SUN Study Investigators TI High Prevalence of Low Bone Mineral Density and Substantial Bone Loss over 4 Years Among HIV-Infected Persons in the Era of Modern Antiretroviral Therapy SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID GENERAL-POPULATION; OSTEOPOROTIC FRACTURE; RISK-FACTORS; ASSOCIATION; WOMEN; METAANALYSIS; MORTALITY; TENOFOVIR; ABACAVIR; DISEASE AB HIV-infected persons are living longer on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) but experiencing more comorbidities including low bone mineral density (BMD). Using data from the Study to Understand the Natural History of HIV and AIDS in the Era of Effective Therapy (SUN Study), we determined the prevalence of low BMD (T-score below one standard deviation of the reference mean) and compared it with matched controls from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). We also assessed 4-year longitudinal BMD changes among participants virologically suppressed on cART. Of 653 participants included in this analysis (77% male, 29% black, median age 41 years, median CD4(+) cell count 464 cells/mm(3), 89% with HIV RNA <400 copies/ml), 51% and 10% had baseline osteopenia and osteoporosis, respectively. Low BMD at the femoral neck was significantly more prevalent than for the NHANES controls (47% versus 29%, p<0.001). Lower body mass index, nonwhite race, longer tenofovir exposure, older age, being unemployed or retired, and lower apolipoprotein E were independently associated with baseline osteoporosis. Among 170 participants virologically suppressed on cART and with longitudinal BMD data, 31% experienced substantial bone loss (5% BMD decline from baseline) over 4 years. Female sex, current smoking, and longer stavudine use were more common among participants who had substantial bone loss, although these variables failed to reach statistical significance. Low BMD was highly prevalent among HIV-infected persons. One-third of participants experienced substantial bone loss despite cART, suggesting the need for monitoring and potential clinical interventions. C1 [Escota, Gerome V.; Onen, Nur] Washington Univ, Div Infect Dis, Sch Med, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Mondy, Kristin] Cent Texas Vet Healthcare Syst, Austin, TX USA. [Bush, Tim; Conley, Lois; Brooks, John T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Patel, Pragna] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Noncommunicable Dis Unit, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kojic, Erna Milunka] Brown Univ, Div Infect Dis, Miriam Hosp, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Henry, Keith] Hennepin Cty Med Ctr, HIV Program, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA. [Henry, Keith] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Hammer, John] Denver Infect Dis Consultants, Denver, CO USA. [Wood, K. C.] Cerner Corp, Vienna, VA USA. [Lichtenstein, Kenneth A.] Natl Jewish Hlth, Denver, CO USA. [Overton, Edgar T.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Birmingham, AL USA. RP Escota, GV (reprint author), Washington Univ, Div Infect Dis, Sch Med, 660 South Euclid Ave, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. EM gescota@dom.wustl.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2002-00610, 200-2002-00611, 200-2002-00612, 200-2002-00613, 200-2007-23633, 200-2007-23634, 200-2007-23635, 200-2007-23636] FX Centers for Disease Control and Prevention contract numbers 200-2002-00610, 200-2002-00611, 200-2002-00612, 200-2002-00613, 200-2007-23633, 200-2007-23634, 200-2007-23635, and 200-2007-23636. NR 41 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 5 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0889-2229 EI 1931-8405 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 32 IS 1 BP 59 EP 67 DI 10.1089/aid.2015.0158 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA CZ8FH UT WOS:000367335100009 PM 26366785 ER PT J AU Phillips, SJ Polis, CB Curtis, KM AF Phillips, Sharon J. Polis, Chelsea B. Curtis, Kathryn M. TI The safety of hormonal contraceptives for women living with HIV and their sexual partners SO CONTRACEPTION LA English DT Review DE Hormonal contraception; HIV; injectable contraceptives; oral contraceptives ID DISEASE PROGRESSION; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; PROSPECTIVE COHORT; TRANSMISSION AB Background: Hormonal contraceptives are important for the health and well-being of some women living with HIV, so evaluation of evidence regarding their safety vis-a-vis HIV-related risks is important. Methods: We updated two prior systematic reviews on the impact of hormonal contraception (HC) on HIV disease progression and female-to-male HIV transmission. Results: One new study finds no increased risk for HIV disease progression or death associated with oral contraceptive use [adjusted (adj) hazard ratio (HR) 0.83, confidence interval [CI] 0.48-1.44] or injectables (adj HR 0.72, CI 0.53-0.98). Three new studies did not find significantly increased risks for measures of female-to-male HIV transmission with HC use. Conclusions: Hormonal contraceptive methods do not appear to accelerate HIV disease progression. More research is needed to clarify whether HC impacts HIV transmissibility. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Phillips, Sharon J.] World Hlth Org, Dept Reprod Hlth & Res, Geneva, Switzerland. [Polis, Chelsea B.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Curtis, Kathryn M.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Phillips, SJ (reprint author), World Hlth Org, Dept Reprod Hlth & Res, Geneva, Switzerland. FU World Health Organization; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX We would like to thank Renee Heffron for providing unpublished data from her study. This review was supported by the World Health Organization and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-7824 EI 1879-0518 J9 CONTRACEPTION JI Contraception PD JAN PY 2016 VL 93 IS 1 BP 11 EP 16 DI 10.1016/j.contraception.2015.10.002 PG 6 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA CZ9HV UT WOS:000367409600003 PM 26515194 ER PT J AU Whiteman, MK Jeng, G Samarina, A Akatova, N Martirosyan, M Kissin, DM Curtis, KM Marchbanks, PA Hillis, SD Mandel, MG Jamieson, DJ AF Whiteman, Maura K. Jeng, Gary Samarina, Anna Akatova, Natalia Martirosyan, Margarita Kissin, Dmitry M. Curtis, Kathryn M. Marchbanks, Polly A. Hillis, Susan D. Mandel, Michele G. Jamieson, Denise J. TI Associations of hormonal contraceptive use with measures of HIV disease progression and antiretroviral therapy effectiveness SO CONTRACEPTION LA English DT Article DE Antiretroviral agents/therapeutic use; CD4 lymphocyte count; Contraceptive agents; Female/administration and dosage/adverse effects; HIV seropositivity/complications/drug therapy/mortality ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS-INFECTION; WOMEN; SURVIVAL; COHORT; UGANDA; RAKAI; DEATH AB Objective: To examine the associations between hormonal contraceptive use and measures of MV disease progression and antiretroviral treatment (ART) effectiveness. Study design: A prospective cohort study of women with prevalent HIV infection in St. Petersburg, Russia, was conducted. After contraceptive counseling, participants chose to use combined oral contraceptives (COCs), depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA), a copper intrauterine device (IUD) or male condoms for pregnancy prevention. Among participants not using ART at enrollment, we used multivariate Cox regression to assess the association between current (time-varying) contraceptive use and disease progression, measured by the primary composite outcome of CD4 decline to <350 cells/mm(3), ART initiation or death. Among participants using ART at enrollment, we used linear mixed models to estimate the predicted mean CD4 change at select time points by contraceptive method. Results: During a total of 5233 months follow-up among participants not using ART with enrollment CD4 >= 350 cells/mm(3) (n=315), 97 experienced disease progression. Neither current use of COCs [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 0.91, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.56-1.48] nor DMPA (aHR 1.28, 95% CI 0.71-2.31) was associated with a statistically significant increased risk for disease progression compared with use of nonhormonal methods (IUD or condoms). Among participants using ART at enrollment (n=77), we found no statistically significant differences in the predicted mean changes in CD4 cell count comparing current use of COCs (p=.1) or DMPA (p=.3) with nonhormonal methods. Conclusion: Hormonal contraceptive use was not significantly associated with measures of HIV disease progression or ART effectiveness among women with prevalent HIV infection. Implications: Hormonal contraceptive use was not significantly associated with measures of HIV disease progression or ART effectiveness among women with prevalent HIV infection. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Whiteman, Maura K.; Jeng, Gary; Kissin, Dmitry M.; Curtis, Kathryn M.; Marchbanks, Polly A.; Hillis, Susan D.; Mandel, Michele G.; Jamieson, Denise J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Samarina, Anna; Akatova, Natalia; Martirosyan, Margarita] St Petersburg AIDS Ctr, St Petersburg, Russia. RP Whiteman, MK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM acq5@cdc.gov FU United States Agency for International Development, Russia; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This research was supported by the United States Agency for International Development, Russia, through an Interagency Agreement with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The authors wish to thank the study participants as well as past and present members of the study team for their important contributions to this study. NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-7824 EI 1879-0518 J9 CONTRACEPTION JI Contraception PD JAN PY 2016 VL 93 IS 1 BP 17 EP 24 DI 10.1016/j.contraception.2015.07.003 PG 8 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA CZ9HV UT WOS:000367409600004 PM 26197261 ER PT J AU Huggins, GS Berkowitz, RI Blackburn, GL Bray, GA Cheskin, L Clark, JM Coday, M Espeland, MA Evans, M Foreyt, JP Glasser, S Greenway, FL Gregg, EW Hanson, RL Hazuda, HP Hill, JO Horton, ES Jakicic, JM Jeffery, RW Johnson, KC Kahn, SE Kitzman, DW Knowler, WC Lewis, CE McCaffery, JM Michaels, SA Montez, MG Murillo, A Nathan, DM Pajewski, NM Patricio, J Peters, A Pi-Sunyer, X Pownall, H Redmon, B Regensteiner, J Steinberg, HO Wadden, TA Wagenknecht, LE Wesche-Thobaben, J Wing, RR AF Huggins, Gordon S. Berkowitz, Robert I. Blackburn, George L. Bray, George A. Cheskin, Lawrence Clark, Jeanne M. Coday, Mace Espeland, Mark A. Evans, Mary Foreyt, John P. Glasser, Stephen Greenway, Frank L. Gregg, Edward W. Hanson, Robert L. Hazuda, Helen P. Hill, James O. Horton, Edward S. Jakicic, John M. Jeffery, Robert W. Johnson, Karen C. Kahn, Steven E. Kitzman, Dalane W. Knowler, William C. Lewis, Cora E. McCaffery, Jeanne M. Michaels, Sara A. Montez, Maria G. Murillo, Anne Nathan, David M. Pajewski, Nicholas M. Patricio, Jennifer Peters, Anne Pi-Sunyer, Xavier Pownall, Henry Redmon, Bruce Regensteiner, Judy Steinberg, Helmut O. Wadden, Thomas A. Wagenknecht, Lynne E. Wesche-Thobaben, Jacqueline Wing, Rena R. CA Look AHEAD Res Grp TI Prospective Association of GLUL rs10911021 With Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality Among Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes: The Look AHEAD Study SO DIABETES LA English DT Article ID LIFE-STYLE INTERVENTION; GENETIC VARIANT; HEART-DISEASE; TRIAL AB Genetic studies have identified a glutamate-ammonia ligase gene (GLUL) polymorphism associated with cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality among people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). We sought to determine whether GLUL rs10911021 is associated prospectively with adjudicated cardiovascular composite end points among overweight/obese individuals with T2D and whether a lifestyle intervention resulting in weight loss could diminish this association. Look AHEAD is a randomized, controlled trial to determine the effects of intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI), including weight loss and physical activity, relative to diabetes support and education, on cardiovascular outcomes. Look AHEAD participants included in this report were 3,845 overweight/obese individuals with T2D who provided consent for genetic analyses. Over a median of 9.6 years of follow-up, the risk (C) allele for GLUL rs10911021 was significantly associated with the primary composite end point of death from cardiovascular causes, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or hospitalization for angina among individuals with no history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) at baseline using additive genetic models (hazard ratio 1.17(95% CI 1.01-1.36]; P = 0.032). Results appeared more consistent in recessive models and among individuals with no known history of CVD at baseline; ILI did not alter these associations. These results extend the association of GLUL rs10911021 to incident CVD morbidity and mortality in the setting of T2D. C1 [Huggins, Gordon S.] Tufts Med Ctr, MCRI Ctr Translat Genom, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Huggins, Gordon S.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Berkowitz, Robert I.] Univ Penn, Perelman Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Blackburn, George L.] Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Ctr Study Nutr Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Blackburn, George L.; Nathan, David M.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Bray, George A.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Clin Obes, Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Cheskin, Lawrence] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Global Obes Prevent Ctr Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD USA. [Clark, Jeanne M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Med & Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Coday, Mace] Memphis East Clin, Dept Prevent Med, Memphis, TN USA. [Espeland, Mark A.; Pajewski, Nicholas M.] Wake Forest Sch Med, Dept Biostat Sci, Winston Salem, NC USA. [Evans, Mary] NIDDKD, Dept Digest Dis & Nutr, Bethesda, MD USA. [Foreyt, John P.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Glasser, Stephen] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Med, Div Prevent Med, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Greenway, Frank L.] Louisiana State Univ, Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA 70808 USA. [Gregg, Edward W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hanson, Robert L.] NIDDKD, Diabet Epidemiol & Clin Res Sect, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Hazuda, Helen P.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Hill, James O.] Univ Colorado, Anschutz Hlth & Wellness Ctr, Aurora, CO USA. [Horton, Edward S.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Joslin Diabet Ctr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Horton, Edward S.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA USA. [Jakicic, John M.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Hlth & Phys Act, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Jeffery, Robert W.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Community Hlth, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Johnson, Karen C.] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med, Memphis, TN 38163 USA. [Kahn, Steven E.] VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Div Metab Endocrinol & Nutr, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. [Kahn, Steven E.; Murillo, Anne] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Kitzman, Dalane W.] Wake Forest Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Cardiol, Winston Salem, NC USA. [Knowler, William C.] NIDDKD, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Lewis, Cora E.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Med, Div Prevent Med, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [McCaffery, Jeanne M.] Brown Univ, Miriam Hosp, Alpert Sch, Dept Psychiat & Human Behav, Providence, RI USA. [Michaels, Sara A.] Northern Navajo Med Ctr, Shiprock, NM USA. [Montez, Maria G.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Murillo, Anne] VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. [Nathan, David M.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Med, Ctr Diabet, Diabet Unit, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Patricio, Jennifer; Pi-Sunyer, Xavier] St Lukes Roosevelt Hosp, New York Obes Res Ctr, New York, NY USA. [Peters, Anne] Edward R Roybal Comprehens Hlth Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Pownall, Henry] Methodist Hosp Res Inst, Dept Cardiol, Houston, TX USA. [Redmon, Bruce] Univ Minnesota, Dept Endocrinol Med, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Regensteiner, Judy] Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Ctr Womens Hlth Res, Denver, CO USA. [Steinberg, Helmut O.] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Hlth Sci, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Metab, Memphis, TN 38163 USA. [Wadden, Thomas A.] Univ Penn, Dept Psychiat, Perelman Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Wagenknecht, Lynne E.] Wake Forest Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth Serv, Winston Salem, NC USA. [Wesche-Thobaben, Jacqueline] Univ Pittsburgh, Phys Act & Weight Management Res Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Wing, Rena R.] Brown Univ, Dept Psychiat & Human Behav, Miriam Hosp, Alpert Sch Med, Providence, RI 02912 USA. RP Huggins, GS (reprint author), Tufts Med Ctr, MCRI Ctr Translat Genom, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM ghuggins@tuftsmedicalcenter.org FU National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [DK-57136] FX This study was funded by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK-57136). NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0012-1797 EI 1939-327X J9 DIABETES JI Diabetes PD JAN PY 2016 VL 65 IS 1 BP 297 EP 302 DI 10.2337/db15-0890 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA CZ9NS UT WOS:000367424900031 ER PT J AU Gonzalez-Beiras, C Marks, M Chen, CY Roberts, S Mitja, O AF Gonzalez-Beiras, Camila Marks, Michael Chen, Cheng Y. Roberts, Sally Mitja, Oriol TI Epidemiology of Haemophilus ducreyi Infections SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID GENITAL-ULCER-DISEASE; SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS-INFECTION; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; CLINICAL-DIAGNOSIS; SOUTH-AFRICA; LYMPHOGRANULOMA-VENEREUM; MOLECULAR METHODS; HIV-INFECTION; SKIN ULCERS AB Medscape, LLC is pleased to provide online continuing medical education (CME) for this journal article, allowing clinicians the opportunity to earn CME credit. This activity has been planned and implemented in accordance with the Essential Areas and policies of the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education through the joint providership of Medscape, LLC and Emerging Infectious Diseases. Medscape, LLC is accredited by the ACCME to provide continuing medical education for physicians. Medscape, LLC designates this Journal-based CME activity for a maximum of 1.0 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s)(TM). Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity. All other clinicians completing this activity will be issued a certificate of participation. To participate in this journal CME activity: (1) review the learning objectives and author disclosures; (2) study the education content; (3) take the post-test with a 75% minimum passing score and complete the evaluation at http://www.medscape.org/journal/eid; (4) view/print certificate. C1 [Gonzalez-Beiras, Camila] Univ Nova Lisboa, P-1200 Lisbon, Portugal. [Gonzalez-Beiras, Camila; Mitja, Oriol] Barcelona Inst Global Hlth, Barcelona, Spain. [Marks, Michael] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1, England. [Marks, Michael] Hosp Trop Dis, London, England. [Chen, Cheng Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Roberts, Sally] Auckland Dist Hlth Board, Auckland, New Zealand. [Mitja, Oriol] Lihir Med Ctr, Lihir Island 00, New Ireland Pro, Papua N Guinea. RP Mitja, O (reprint author), Lihir Med Ctr, Dept Community Hlth, POB 34, Lihir Island 00, New Ireland Pro, Papua N Guinea. EM oriol.mitja@isglobal.org OI Marks, Michael/0000-0002-7585-4743; Mitja, Oriol/0000-0003-3266-8868 FU Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Fellowship [WT102807] FX M.M. is supported by a Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Fellowship (WT102807). NR 46 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JAN PY 2016 VL 22 IS 1 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.3201/eid2201.150425 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA CZ9LE UT WOS:000367418300001 PM 26694983 ER PT J AU Siebrasse, EA Nguyen, NL Willby, MJ Erdman, DD Menegus, MA Wang, D AF Siebrasse, Erica A. Nguyen, Nang L. Willby, Melisa J. Erdman, Dean D. Menegus, Marilyn A. Wang, David TI Multiorgan WU Polyomavirus Infection in Bone Marrow Transplant Recipient SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID RESPIRATORY EPITHELIAL-CELLS; TIME PCR ASSAYS; BK VIRUS; KI; LUNG AB WU polyomavirus (WUPyV) was detected in a bone marrow transplant recipient with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome who died in 2001. Crystalline lattices of polyomavirus-like particles were observed in the patient's lung by electron microscopy. WUPyV was detected in the lung and other tissues by real-time quantitative PCR and identified in the lung and trachea by immunohistochemistry. A subset of WUPyV-positive cells in the lung had morphologic features of macrophages. Although the role of WUPyV as a human pathogen remains unclear, these results clearly demonstrate evidence for infection of respiratory tract tissues in this patient. C1 [Siebrasse, Erica A.; Wang, David] Washington Univ, Sch Med, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Nguyen, Nang L.; Menegus, Marilyn A.] Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Willby, Melisa J.; Erdman, Dean D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Wang, D (reprint author), Washington Univ, Sch Med Mol Microbiol & Pathol, 660 S Euclid Ave,Campus Box 8230, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. EM davewang@borcim.wustl.edu FU National Institutes of Health [R21AI095922]; Children's Discovery Institute at Washington University in St. Louis; Department of Defense through the National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship Program FX This study was funded in part by grant no. R21AI095922 from the National Institutes of Health to D.W. and by the Children's Discovery Institute at Washington University in St. Louis. E.A.S. was supported by the Department of Defense through the National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship Program. NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JAN PY 2016 VL 22 IS 1 BP 24 EP 31 DI 10.3201/eid2201.151384 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA CZ9LE UT WOS:000367418300004 PM 26691850 ER PT J AU Assiri, A Abedi, GR Bin Saeed, AA Abdalla, MA al-Masry, M Choudhry, AJ Lu, XY Erdman, DD Tatti, K Binder, AM Rudd, J Tokars, J Miao, CR Alarbash, H Nooh, R Pallansch, M Gerber, SI Watson, JT AF Assiri, Abdullah Abedi, Glen R. Bin Saeed, Abdulaziz A. Abdalla, Mutwakil A. al-Masry, Malak Choudhry, Abdul Jamil Lu, Xiaoyan Erdman, Dean D. Tatti, Kathleen Binder, Alison M. Rudd, Jessica Tokars, Jerome Miao, Congrong Alarbash, Hussain Nooh, Randa Pallansch, Mark Gerber, Susan I. Watson, John T. TI Multifacility Outbreak of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome in Taif, Saudi Arabia SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SYNDROME CORONAVIRUS INFECTIONS; MERS CORONAVIRUS; DROMEDARY CAMELS; FAMILY CLUSTER; COV; ANTIBODIES AB Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a novel respiratory pathogen first reported in 2012. During September 2014 January 2015, an outbreak of 38 cases of MERS was reported from 4 healthcare facilities in Taif, Saudi Arabia; 21 of the 38 case-patients died. Clinical and public health records showed that 13 patients were healthcare personnel (HCP). Fifteen patients, including 4 HCP, were associated with 1 dialysis unit. Three additional HCP in this dialysis unit had serologic evidence of MERS-CoV infection. Viral RNA was amplified from acute-phase serum specimens of 15 patients, and full spike gene-coding sequencing was obtained from 10 patients who formed a discrete cluster; sequences from specimens of 9 patients were closely related. Similar gene sequences among patients unlinked by time or location suggest unrecognized viral transmission. Circulation persisted in multiple healthcare settings over an extended period, underscoring the importance of strengthening MERS-CoV surveillance and infection-control practices. C1 [Assiri, Abdullah; Bin Saeed, Abdulaziz A.; al-Masry, Malak] Minist Hlth, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. [Abedi, Glen R.; Lu, Xiaoyan; Erdman, Dean D.; Tatti, Kathleen; Binder, Alison M.; Rudd, Jessica; Tokars, Jerome; Miao, Congrong; Pallansch, Mark; Gerber, Susan I.; Watson, John T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Abdalla, Mutwakil A.] Taif Governorate Hlth Directorate, At Taif, Saudi Arabia. [Choudhry, Abdul Jamil; Alarbash, Hussain; Nooh, Randa] Minist Hlth, Field Epidemiol Training Program, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. RP Abedi, GR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A34, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM gabedi@cdc.gov NR 19 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 8 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JAN PY 2016 VL 22 IS 1 BP 32 EP 40 DI 10.3201/eid2201.151370 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA CZ9LE UT WOS:000367418300005 PM 26692003 ER PT J AU Alraddadi, BM Watson, JT Almarashi, A Abedi, GR Turkistani, A Sadran, M Housa, A Almazroa, MA Alraihan, N Banjar, A Albalawi, E Alhindi, H Choudhry, AJ Meiman, JG Paczkowski, M Curns, A Mounts, A Feikin, DR Marano, N Swerdlow, DL Gerber, SI Hajjeh, R Madani, TA AF Alraddadi, Basem M. Watson, John T. Almarashi, Abdulatif Abedi, Glen R. Turkistani, Amal Sadran, Musallam Housa, Abeer Almazroa, Mohammad A. Alraihan, Naif Banjar, Ayman Albalawi, Eman Alhindi, Hanan Choudhry, Abdul Jamil Meiman, Jonathan G. Paczkowski, Magdalena Curns, Aaron Mounts, Anthony Feikin, Daniel R. Marano, Nina Swerdlow, David L. Gerber, Susan I. Hajjeh, Rana Madani, Tariq A. TI Risk Factors for Primary Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Illness in Humans, Saudi Arabia, 2014 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID MERS-CORONAVIRUS; DROMEDARY CAMELS; COV; OUTBREAK; TRANSMISSION; ANTIBODIES; LIVESTOCK AB Risk factors for primary Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) illness in humans are incompletely understood. We identified all primary MERS-CoV cases reported in Saudi Arabia during March November 2014 by excluding those with history of exposure to other cases of MERS-CoV or acute respiratory illness of unknown cause or exposure to healthcare settings within 14 days before illness onset. Using a case control design, we assessed differences in underlying medical conditions and environmental exposures among primary case-patients and 2-4 controls matched by age, sex, and neighborhood. Using multivariable analysis, we found that direct exposure to dromedary camels during the 2 weeks before illness onset, as well as diabetes mellitus, heart disease, and smoking, were each independently associated with MERS-CoV illness. Further investigation is needed to better understand animal-to-human transmission of MERS-CoV. C1 [Alraddadi, Basem M.] King Faisal Specialist Hosp & Res Ctr, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. [Watson, John T.; Abedi, Glen R.; Meiman, Jonathan G.; Paczkowski, Magdalena; Curns, Aaron; Mounts, Anthony; Feikin, Daniel R.; Marano, Nina; Swerdlow, David L.; Gerber, Susan I.; Hajjeh, Rana] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Almarashi, Abdulatif; Turkistani, Amal; Housa, Abeer; Banjar, Ayman; Madani, Tariq A.] Minist Hlth, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. [Sadran, Musallam] Minist Hlth, Najran, Saudi Arabia. [Almazroa, Mohammad A.; Alraihan, Naif; Choudhry, Abdul Jamil] Minist Hlth, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. [Albalawi, Eman] Minist Hlth, Alwajh, Saudi Arabia. [Alhindi, Hanan] Minist Hlth, Hail, Saudi Arabia. [Madani, Tariq A.] King Abdulaziz Univ, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. RP Madani, TA (reprint author), King Abdulaziz Univ, Fac Med, Dept Med, POB 80215, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. EM tmadani@kau.edu.sa FU MoH, Saudi Arabia; CDC FX This study was funded by the MoH, Saudi Arabia, and CDC. NR 27 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 11 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JAN PY 2016 VL 22 IS 1 BP 49 EP 55 DI 10.3201/eid2201.151340 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA CZ9LE UT WOS:000367418300007 PM 26692185 ER PT J AU Quance, C Robbe-Austerman, S Stuber, T Brignole, T DeBess, EE Boyd, L LeaMaster, B Tiller, R Draper, J Humphrey, S Erdman, MM AF Quance, Christine Robbe-Austerman, Suelee Stuber, Tod Brignole, Tom DeBess, Emilio E. Boyd, Laurel LeaMaster, Brad Tiller, Rebekah Draper, Jenny Humphrey, Sharon Erdman, Matthew M. TI Identification of Source of Brucella suis Infection in Human by Using Whole-Genome Sequencing, United States and Tonga SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID FRAMEWORK AB Brucella suis infection was diagnosed in a man from Tonga, Polynesia, who had butchered swine in Oregon, USA. Although the US commercial swine herd is designated brucellosis-free, exposure history suggested infection from commercial pigs. We used whole-genome sequencing to determine that the man was infected in Tonga, averting a field investigation. C1 [Quance, Christine; Robbe-Austerman, Suelee; Stuber, Tod; Erdman, Matthew M.] Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Brignole, Tom] Anim Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Tumwater, WA USA. [DeBess, Emilio E.; Boyd, Laurel] Oregon Hlth Author, Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR USA. [LeaMaster, Brad] Oregon Dept Agr, Salem, OR USA. [Tiller, Rebekah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Draper, Jenny; Humphrey, Sharon] Minist Primary Ind, Hlth Anim Lab, Wallaceville, New Zealand. RP Robbe-Austerman, S (reprint author), Natl Vet Serv Labs, 1920 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM Suelee.Robbe-Austerman@aphis.usda.gov OI Draper, Jenny/0000-0002-6916-6442 NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JAN PY 2016 VL 22 IS 1 BP 79 EP 82 DI 10.3201/eid2201.150843 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA CZ9LE UT WOS:000367418300013 PM 26689610 ER PT J AU Wolter, N Carrim, M Cohen, C Tempia, S Walaza, S Sahr, P de Gouveia, L Treurnicht, F Hellferscee, O Cohen, AL Benitez, AJ Dawood, H Variava, E Winchell, JM von Gottberg, A AF Wolter, Nicole Carrim, Maimuna Cohen, Cheryl Tempia, Stefano Walaza, Sibongile Sahr, Philip de Gouveia, Linda Treurnicht, Florette Hellferscee, Orienka Cohen, Adam L. Benitez, Alvaro J. Dawood, Halima Variava, Ebrahim Winchell, Jonas M. von Gottberg, Anne TI Legionnaires' Disease in South Africa, 2012-2014 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID TUBERCULOSIS; MANAGEMENT; MORTALITY; PNEUMONIA AB During June 2012 September 2014, we tested patients with severe respiratory illness for Legionella spp. infection and conducted a retrospective epidemiologic investigation. Of 1,805 patients tested, Legionella was detected in samples of 21(1.2%); most were adults who had HIV or tuberculosis infections and were inappropriately treated for Legionella. C1 [Wolter, Nicole; Carrim, Maimuna; Cohen, Cheryl; Tempia, Stefano; Walaza, Sibongile; Sahr, Philip; de Gouveia, Linda; Treurnicht, Florette; Hellferscee, Orienka; von Gottberg, Anne] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Wolter, Nicole; Carrim, Maimuna; Cohen, Cheryl; Walaza, Sibongile; de Gouveia, Linda; von Gottberg, Anne] Univ Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Tempia, Stefano] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Pretoria, South Africa. [Sahr, Philip] Univ Pretoria, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa. [Cohen, Adam L.; Benitez, Alvaro J.; Winchell, Jonas M.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dawood, Halima] Pietermaritzburg Metropolitan Hosp, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. [Dawood, Halima] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. [Variava, Ebrahim] Klerksdorp Tshepong Hosp Complex, Klerksdorp, South Africa. RP Wolter, N (reprint author), Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Ctr Resp Dis & Meningitis, Private Bag X4, ZA-2131 Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa. EM nicolew@nicd.ac.za FU National Health Laboratory Service, South Africa; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC-RFA-GH12-00403]; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Pfizer-South Africa; Merck Sharp & Dohme-South Africa; Novartis-South Africa FX This work was supported by the National Health Laboratory Service, South Africa, and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC-RFA-GH12-00403). A. von G. received grants from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Pfizer-South Africa. H.D. received honoraria or travel grants from Merck Sharp & Dohme-South Africa; Novartis-South Africa; and Pfizer-South Africa. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JAN PY 2016 VL 22 IS 1 BP 131 EP 133 DI 10.3201/eid2201.150972 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA CZ9LE UT WOS:000367418300026 PM 26692504 ER PT J AU Gautret, P Mockenhaupt, FP von Sonnenburg, F Rothe, C Libman, M Van De Winkel, K Bottieau, E Grobusch, MP Hamer, DH Esposito, DH Parola, P Schlagenhauf, P AF Gautret, Philippe Mockenhaupt, Frank P. von Sonnenburg, Frank Rothe, Camilla Libman, Michael Van De Winkel, Kristina Bottieau, Emmanuel Grobusch, Martin P. Hamer, Davidson H. Esposito, Douglas H. Parola, Philippe Schlagenhauf, Patricia CA GeoSentinel Surveillance Network TI Schistosomiasis Screening of Travelers to Corsica, France Response SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 [Gautret, Philippe; Parola, Philippe] Inst Hosp Univ Mediterranee Infect, Marseille, France. [Gautret, Philippe; Parola, Philippe] Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille, France. [Mockenhaupt, Frank P.] Charite, D-13353 Berlin, Germany. [von Sonnenburg, Frank] Univ Munich, Munich, Germany. [Rothe, Camilla] Univ Clin Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. [Libman, Michael] McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Van De Winkel, Kristina] Univ Hosp, Ghent, Belgium. [Bottieau, Emmanuel] Inst Trop Med, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium. [Grobusch, Martin P.] Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Hamer, Davidson H.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [Hamer, Davidson H.] Boston Med Ctr, Boston, MA USA. [Esposito, Douglas H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schlagenhauf, Patricia] Univ Zurich, Ctr Travel Med, Zurich, Switzerland. RP Gautret, P (reprint author), CHU Nord, Chemin Bourrely, F-13915 Marseille, France. EM philippe.gautret@club-internet.fr NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JAN PY 2016 VL 22 IS 1 BP 160 EP 161 DI 10.3201/eid2201.151606 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA CZ9LE UT WOS:000367418300042 PM 26691533 ER PT J AU Holbrook, JR Cuffe, SP Cai, B Visser, SN Forthofer, MS Bottai, M Ortaglia, A McKeown, RE AF Holbrook, Joseph R. Cuffe, Steven P. Cai, Bo Visser, Susanna N. Forthofer, Melinda S. Bottai, Matteo Ortaglia, Andrew McKeown, Robert E. TI Persistence of Parent-Reported ADHD Symptoms From Childhood Through Adolescence in a Community Sample SO JOURNAL OF ATTENTION DISORDERS LA English DT Article DE attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; persistence; development ID ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; DISRUPTIVE BEHAVIOR DISORDERS; AGE-DEPENDENT DECLINE; MENTAL-DISORDERS; QUANTILE REGRESSION; YOUNG ADULTHOOD; UNITED-STATES; PRIMARY-CARE; DSM-IV AB Objective: To examine ADHD symptom persistence and factors associated with elevated symptom counts in a diverse, longitudinal community-based sample. Method: Parents reported demographics and completed a diagnostic interview repeatedly over a 6-year period. At Time 1, 481 interviews were completed about children (5-13 years); all participants were invited to four annual follow-up interviews, and 379 (79%) completed at least one. Inattentive (IA) and hyperactive-impulsive (HI) symptom counts were modeled with logistic quantile regression, while accounting for study design complexities. Results: The prevalence of seven IA symptoms remained stable from early childhood through late adolescence. The prevalence of eight HI symptoms decreased by more than half over time. After demographic adjustment, the upper quartile of HI symptom counts decreased with age (p < .01). High HI symptom counts persisted more among those with high IA symptom counts (p = .05). Conclusion: This study further characterizes and provides insights into ADHD symptom trajectory through adolescence. C1 [Holbrook, Joseph R.; Visser, Susanna N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cuffe, Steven P.] Univ Florida, Coll Med, Jacksonville, FL USA. [Cai, Bo; Forthofer, Melinda S.; Ortaglia, Andrew] Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Bottai, Matteo] Karolinska Inst, Stockholm, Sweden. RP Holbrook, JR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd MS E-88, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM vzt4@cdc.gov OI McKeown, Robert/0000-0002-8829-5784 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999]; NCATS NIH HHS [UL1 TR001427] NR 43 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 8 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1087-0547 EI 1557-1246 J9 J ATTEN DISORD JI J. Atten. Disord. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 20 IS 1 BP 11 EP 20 DI 10.1177/1087054714539997 PG 10 WC Psychology, Developmental; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA CZ6YZ UT WOS:000367248400002 PM 24994874 ER PT J AU Riswari, SF Ma'roef, CN Djauhari, H Kosasih, H Perkasa, A Yudhaputri, FA Artika, IM Williams, M van der Ven, A Myint, KS Alisjahbana, B Ledermann, JP Powers, AM Jaya, UA AF Riswari, S. F. Ma'roef, C. N. Djauhari, H. Kosasih, H. Perkasa, A. Yudhaputri, F. A. Artika, I. M. Williams, M. van der Ven, A. Myint, K. S. Alisjahbana, B. Ledermann, J. P. Powers, A. M. Jaya, U. A. TI Study of viremic profile in febrile specimens of chikungunya in Bandung, Indonesia SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Chikungunya; Infection kinetics; Viremia profile; Indonesia ID VIRUS; INFECTIONS; DISEASE; DENGUE; FEVER AB Background: Data regarding the viremia profile of chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infected patients especially during the pre-febrile period is limited. Objective: To obtain virological kinetic data on CHIKV infections. Study design: A two-week community observation for dengue transmission was conducted in Bandung, Indonesia, from 2005 to 2009. Acute specimens from non-dengue febrile patients were screened by pan-alphavirus conventional RT-PCR. The positives were confirmed for CHIKV RNA by a specific RT-PCR followed by sequencing. Simultaneously these specimens were also cultured in Vero cells and tested for anti-CHIK IgM MAC-ELISA. All the available serial specimens,including the pre-febrile specimens, from confirmed CHIK cases, were tested by virus isolation, RT-PCR, qRT-PCR, and CHIK IgM ELISA. Results: There were five laboratory confirmed CHIK cases identified and studied. Among these, viremia was determined to extend from as early as 6 days prior to until 13 days post fever onset. Quantitative RT-PCR showed viremia peaked at or near onset of illness. Conclusion: In this study, individuals were identified with viremia prior to fever onset and extending beyond the febrile phase. This extended viremic phase has the potential to impact transmission dynamics and thus the public health response to CHIK outbreaks. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Riswari, S. F.; Djauhari, H.; Kosasih, H.; Alisjahbana, B.] Padjadjaran State Univ, Fac Med, Bandung, Indonesia. [Ma'roef, C. N.; Perkasa, A.; Yudhaputri, F. A.; Artika, I. M.; Myint, K. S.] Eijkman Inst Mol Biol, Jakarta, Indonesia. [Kosasih, H.] Indonesia Res Partnership Infect Dis INA RESPOND, Jakarta, Indonesia. [Artika, I. M.] Bogor Agr Univ, Bogor, Indonesia. [Williams, M.] Naval Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [van der Ven, A.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Med Ctr, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Alisjahbana, B.] Hasan Sadikin Gen Hosp, Bandung, Indonesia. [Ledermann, J. P.; Powers, A. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Boulder, CO USA. [Jaya, U. A.] Eijkman Oxford Clin Res Unit, Jakarta, Indonesia. RP Riswari, SF (reprint author), Padjadjaran State Univ, Dept Microbiol & Parasitol, Fac Med, Jl Eijkman 38 Bandung, Java 40161, Indonesia. EM silvita.fitri@gmail.com OI Artika, I/0000-0003-4293-3389 FU U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Emerging Pandemic Threat (EPT) Program of USAID; Military Infectious Diseases Research Program FX Funding was provided by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Emerging Pandemic Threat (EPT) Program of USAID, and the Military Infectious Diseases Research Program. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 EI 1873-5967 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 74 BP 61 EP 65 DI 10.1016/j.jcv.2015.11.017 PG 5 WC Virology SC Virology GA CZ9BC UT WOS:000367391800014 PM 26679829 ER PT J AU Merriam, D AF Merriam, Dee TI Parks: An Opportunity to Leverage Environmental Health SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material AB NEHA strives to provide up-to-date and relevant information on environmental health and to build partnerships in the profession. In pursuit of these goals, we feature a column from the Environmental Health Services Branch (EHSB) of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in every issue of the Journal. In these columns, EHSB and guest authors share insights and information about environmental health programs, trends, issues, and resources. The conclusions in this article are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of CDC. Dee Merriam is with the National Center for Environmental Health, Healthy Community Design Initiative at CDC. C1 [Merriam, Dee] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Hlth Community Design Initiat, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Merriam, D (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Hlth Community Design Initiat, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-58, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM dmerrriam@cdc.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU NATL ENVIRON HEALTH ASSOC PI DENVER PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD SUITE 970, SOUTH TOWER, DENVER, CO 80246 USA SN 0022-0892 J9 J ENVIRON HEALTH JI J. Environ. Health PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 78 IS 6 BP 112 EP 114 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA CZ9LS UT WOS:000367419700016 PM 26867300 ER PT J AU Oppliger, J da Palma, JR Burri, DJ Bergeron, E Khatib, AM Spiropoulou, CF Pasquato, A Kunz, S AF Oppliger, Joel da Palma, Joel Ramos Burri, Dominique J. Bergeron, Eric Khatib, Abdel-Majid Spiropoulou, Christina F. Pasquato, Antonella Kunz, Stefan TI A Molecular Sensor To Characterize Arenavirus Envelope Glycoprotein Cleavage by Subtilisin Kexin Isozyme 1/Site 1 Protease SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHORIOMENINGITIS VIRUS GLYCOPROTEIN; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER ARENAVIRUSES; PROPROTEIN CONVERTASE SKI-1/S1P; ISOZYME-1/SITE-1 PROTEASE; SUBTILASE SKI-1/S1P; SITE-1 PROTEASE; WORLD; BIOSYNTHESIS; RECOGNITION; INHIBITION AB Arenaviruses are emerging viruses including several causative agents of severe hemorrhagic fevers in humans. The advent of next-generation sequencing technology has greatly accelerated the discovery of novel arenavirus species. However, for many of these viruses, only genetic information is available, and their zoonotic disease potential remains unknown. During the arenavirus life cycle, processing of the viral envelope glycoprotein precursor (GPC) by the cellular subtilisin kexin isozyme 1 (SKI-1)/site 1 protease (S1P) is crucial for productive infection. The ability of newly emerging arenaviruses to hijack human SKI-1/S1P appears, therefore, to be a requirement for efficient zoonotic transmission and human disease potential. Here we implement a newly developed cell-based molecular sensor for SKI-1/S1P to characterize the processing of arenavirus GPC-derived target sequences by human SKI-1/S1P in a quantitative manner. We show that only nine amino acids flanking the putative cleavage site are necessary and sufficient to accurately recapitulate the efficiency and subcellular location of arenavirus GPC processing. In a proof of concept, our sensor correctly predicts efficient processing of the GPC of the newly emergent pathogenic Lujo virus by human SKI-1/S1P and defines the exact cleavage site. Lastly, we employed our sensor to show efficient GPC processing of a panel of pathogenic and nonpathogenic New World arenaviruses, suggesting that GPC cleavage represents no barrier for zoonotic transmission of these pathogens. Our SKI-1/S1P sensor thus represents a rapid and robust test system for assessment of the processing of putative cleavage sites derived from the GPCs of newly discovered arenavirus by the SKI-1/S1P of humans or any other species, based solely on sequence information. IMPORTANCE Arenaviruses are important emerging human pathogens that can cause severe hemorrhagic fevers with high mortality in humans. A crucial step in productive arenavirus infection of human cells is the processing of the viral envelope glycoprotein by the cellular subtilisin kexin isozyme 1 (SKI-1)/site 1 protease (S1P). In order to break the species barrier during zoonotic transmission and cause severe disease in humans, newly emerging arenaviruses must be able to hijack human SKI-1/S1P efficiently. Here we implement a newly developed cell-based molecular sensor for human SKI-1/S1P to characterize the processing of arenavirus glycoproteins in a quantitative manner. We further use our sensor to correctly predict efficient processing of the glycoprotein of the newly emergent pathogenic Lujo virus by human SKI-1/S1P. Our sensor thus represents a rapid and robust test system with which to assess whether the glycoprotein of any newly emerging arenavirus can be efficiently processed by human SKI-1/S1P, based solely on sequence information. C1 [Oppliger, Joel; da Palma, Joel Ramos; Pasquato, Antonella; Kunz, Stefan] Univ Hosp Ctr, Inst Microbiol, Lausanne, Switzerland. [Oppliger, Joel; da Palma, Joel Ramos; Pasquato, Antonella; Kunz, Stefan] Univ Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. [Burri, Dominique J.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Inst Microbiol & Immunobiol, Boston, MA USA. [Bergeron, Eric; Spiropoulou, Christina F.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Khatib, Abdel-Majid] Univ Bordeaux, LAMC, Pessac, France. [Khatib, Abdel-Majid] INSERM, UMR 1029, Pessac, France. RP Pasquato, A (reprint author), Univ Hosp Ctr, Inst Microbiol, Lausanne, Switzerland. EM Antonella.Pasquato@chuv.ch; Stefan.Kunz@chuv.ch RI KHATIB, Majid/A-9948-2015; OI Bergeron, Eric/0000-0003-3398-8628 FU Swiss National Science Foundation [310030-149746]; University of Lausanne; Universite de Bordeaux (University of Bordeaux) FX Swiss National Science Foundation provided funding to Stefan Kunz under grant number 310030-149746. University of Lausanne provided funding to Stefan Kunz. Universite de Bordeaux (University of Bordeaux) provided funding to Abdel-Majid Khatib. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X EI 1098-5514 J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 90 IS 2 BP 705 EP 714 DI 10.1128/JVI.01751-15 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA DA1AE UT WOS:000367527900009 ER PT J AU Kahn, HS Bullard, KM AF Kahn, Henry S. Bullard, Kai McKeever TI Beyond Body Mass Index: Advantages of Abdominal Measurements for Recognizing Cardiometabolic Disorders SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Body mass index; Epidemiologic measurements; Hypercholesterolemia; Hypertension; Sagittal abdominal diameter ID INCIDENT CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; AMERICAN-HEART-ASSOCIATION; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; FAT DISTRIBUTION; ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE; SCIENTIFIC STATEMENT; NATIONAL-HEALTH; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; BLOOD-PRESSURE AB BACKGROUND: The clinical recognition of cardiometabolic disorders might be enhanced by anthropometry based on the sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD; also called "abdominal height") or waist circumference rather than on weight. Direct comparisons of body mass index (BMI, weight/height(2)) with SAD/height ratio (SADHtR) or waist circumference/height ratio (WHtR) have not previously been tested in nationally representative populations. METHODS: Nonpregnant adults without diagnosed diabetes (ages 20-64 years; n = 3071) provided conventional anthropometry and supine SAD (by sliding-beam caliper) in the 2011-2012 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Population-weighted, logistic models estimated how strongly each anthropometric indicator was associated with 5 cardiometabolic disorders: Dysglycemia (glycated hemoglobin >= 5.7%), HyperNonHDLc (non-high-density-lipoprotein [HDL] cholesterol >= 4.14 mmol/L, or taking anticholesteremic medications), Hypertension (systolic blood pressure >= 140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure >= 90 mm Hg, or taking antihypertensive medications), HyperALT (alanine transaminase >= p75 [75th percentile, sex-specific]), and HyperGGT (gamma-glutamyltransferase >= p75 [ sex-specific]). RESULTS: After scaling each indicator, adjusted odds ratios (aORs) tended to be highest for SADHtR and lowest for BMI when identifying each disorder except dysglycemia. When SADHtR entered models simultaneously with BMI, the aORs for BMI no longer directly identified any condition, whereas SADHtR identified persons with HyperNonHDLc by aOR 2.78 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.71-4.51), Hypertension by aOR 2.51 (95% CI, 1.22-5.15), HyperALT by aOR 2.89 (95% CI, 1.56-5.37), and HyperGGT by aOR 5.43 (95% CI, 3.01-9.79). WHtR competed successfully against BMI with regard to Dysglycemia, HyperNonHDLc, and HyperGGT. c-Statistics of SADHtR and WHtR were higher than those of BMI (P <. 001) for identifying HyperNonHDLc and HyperGGT. CONCLUSIONS: Among nonelderly adults, SADHtR or WHtR recognized cardiometabolic disorders better than did the BMI. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Kahn, Henry S.; Bullard, Kai McKeever] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Kahn, HS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, CDC Mail Stop F-75,4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM hkahn@cdc.gov OI Kahn, Henry/0000-0003-2533-1562 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 51 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9343 EI 1555-7162 J9 AM J MED JI Am. J. Med. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 129 IS 1 BP 74 EP + DI 10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.08.010 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA CZ4JG UT WOS:000367068700027 PM 26302146 ER PT J AU Callaghan, W AF Callaghan, William TI Explaining the recent decrease in US infant mortality rate, 2007-2013 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 36th Annual Pregnancy Meeting of the Society-for-Maternal-Fetal-Medicine CY FEB 01-06, 2016 CL Atlanta, GA SP Soc Maternal Fetal Med C1 [Callaghan, William] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 EI 1097-6868 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 214 IS 1 SU S MA 240 BP S141 EP S142 PG 2 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA CZ4SK UT WOS:000367092800236 ER PT J AU Fortner, KB Edwards, KM Broder, KR Jimenez, N Zhu, YW Walter, EB Heine, RP Moro, P Liang, JL Swamy, GK AF Fortner, Kimberly B. Edwards, Kathryn M. Broder, Karen R. Jimenez, Natalia Zhu, Yuwei Walter, Emmanuel B. Heine, Robert P. Moro, Pedro Liang, Jennifer L. Swamy, Geeta K. TI Reactogenicity of tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis vaccine (Tdap) in pregnant women SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 36th Annual Pregnancy Meeting of the Society-for-Maternal-Fetal-Medicine CY FEB 01-06, 2016 CL Atlanta, GA SP Soc Maternal Fetal Med C1 [Fortner, Kimberly B.] Univ Tennessee, Med Ctr, Knoxville, TN USA. [Edwards, Kathryn M.; Jimenez, Natalia; Zhu, Yuwei] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Broder, Karen R.; Moro, Pedro] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA USA. [Walter, Emmanuel B.; Heine, Robert P.; Swamy, Geeta K.] Duke Univ, Durham, NC USA. [Liang, Jennifer L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 EI 1097-6868 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 214 IS 1 SU S MA 343 BP S193 EP S194 PG 2 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA CZ4SK UT WOS:000367092800339 ER PT J AU Martin, AS Zhang, YJ Crawford, S Boulet, SL McKane, P Kissin, DM Jamieson, DJ AF Martin, Angela S. Zhang, Yujia Crawford, Sara Boulet, Sheree L. McKane, Patricia Kissin, Dmitry M. Jamieson, Denise J. TI Antenatal hospitalizations in Michigan among pregnancies conceived with and without assisted reproductive technology, 2004-2012 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 36th Annual Pregnancy Meeting of the Society-for-Maternal-Fetal-Medicine CY FEB 01-06, 2016 CL Atlanta, GA SP Soc Maternal Fetal Med C1 [Martin, Angela S.; Kissin, Dmitry M.; Jamieson, Denise J.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Zhang, Yujia; Crawford, Sara; Boulet, Sheree L.; Kissin, Dmitry M.; Jamieson, Denise J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [McKane, Patricia] Michigan Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Lansing, MI USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 EI 1097-6868 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 214 IS 1 SU S MA 678 BP S358 EP S359 PG 2 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA CZ4SK UT WOS:000367092800672 ER PT J AU Schauer, GL King, BA Bunnell, RE Promoff, G McAfee, TA AF Schauer, Gillian L. King, Brian A. Bunnell, Rebecca E. Promoff, Gabbi McAfee, Timothy A. TI Toking, Vaping, and Eating for Health or Fun Marijuana Use Patterns in Adults, US, 2014 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CANNABIS USE; SMOKING; EXTENT; HARM AB Introduction: Policies legalizing marijuana for medical and recreational use have been increasing in the U.S. Considering the potential impact of these policies, important knowledge gaps exist, including information about the prevalence of various modes of marijuana use (e.g., smoked in joints, bowls, bongs; consumed in edibles or drinks) and about medical versus recreational use. Accordingly, this study assessed (1) prevalence and correlates of modes of current and ever marijuana use and (2) prevalence of medicinal and recreational marijuana use in U.S. adults. Methods: Data came from Summer Styles (n=4,269), a nationally representative consumer panel survey of adults aged >= 18 years, collected in 2014. The survey asked about past 30-day (current) and ever mode of marijuana use and current reason for use (medicinal, recreational, both). Weighted prevalence estimates were computed and correlates were assessed in 2014 using logistic regression. Results: Overall, 7.2% of respondents reported current marijuana use; 34.5% reported ever use. Among current users, 10.5% reported medicinal-only use, 53.4% reported recreational-only use, and 36.1% reported both. Use of bowl or pipe (49.5%) and joint (49.2%) predominated among current marijuana users, with lesser use of bong, water pipe, or hookah (21.7%); blunts (20.3%); edibles/drinks (16.1%); and vaporizers (7.6%); 92.1% of the sample reported combusted-only marijuana use. Conclusion: Combusted modes of marijuana use are most prevalent among U.S. adults, with a majority using marijuana for recreation. In light of changing policies and patterns of use, improved marijuana surveillance is critical for public health planning. (C) 2016 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. All rights reserved. C1 [Schauer, Gillian L.] CDC, Carter Consulting Inc, Contractor Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Schauer, Gillian L.] Emory Univ, Dept Behav Sci & Hlth Educ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [King, Brian A.; Bunnell, Rebecca E.; Promoff, Gabbi; McAfee, Timothy A.] CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Schauer, GL (reprint author), CDC, Carter Consulting Inc, Contractor Off Smoking & Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,NE Mailstop F-79, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM gschauer@cdc.gov NR 43 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 5 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 50 IS 1 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.05.027 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA CZ1DF UT WOS:000366845300007 PM 26277652 ER PT J AU Loomis, BR Rogers, T King, BA Dench, DL Gammon, DG Fulmer, EB Agaku, IT AF Loomis, Brett R. Rogers, Todd King, Brian A. Dench, Daniel L. Gammon, Doris G. Fulmer, Erika B. Agaku, Israel T. TI National and State-Specific Sales and Prices for Electronic Cigarettes-US, 2012-2013 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID NICOTINE DELIVERY-SYSTEMS; AWARENESS; ADULTS; PERCEPTIONS; SMOKING; DEMAND AB Introduction: The growing market for electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) has been widely reported in the media, but very little objective data exist in the scientific literature, and no data have been published on state-specific trends in prices or sales. Our objective is to assess state-specific annual sales and average prices for e-cigarettes in the U.S. Methods: Commercial retail scanner data were used to assess total dollar sales and average price per unit for disposable e-cigarettes, starter kits, and cartridge refills for selected states and the total U.S. during 2012-2013. Data were analyzed in 2014. Data were available for convenience stores (29 states) and food, drug, and mass merchandisers (44 states). Results: In convenience stores, dollar sales increased markedly during 2012-2013: 320.8% for disposable e-cigarettes, 72.4% for starter kits, and 82% for cartridges. In food, drug, and mass merchandisers, dollar sales increased 49.5% for disposable e-cigarettes, 89.4% for starter kits, and 126.2% for cartridges. Average prices across all product categories increased in convenience stores and decreased in food, drug, and mass merchandisers. Sales and prices varied substantially across states included in the analyses. Conclusions: Sales of all e-cigarette device types grew considerably in convenience stores and food, drug, and mass merchandisers during 2012-2013. The market for e-cigarettes is growing rapidly, resulting in dynamic sales and price changes that vary across the U.S. Continued state-specific surveillance of the e-cigarette market is warranted. (C) 2016 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. All rights reserved. C1 [Loomis, Brett R.; Rogers, Todd; Dench, Daniel L.; Gammon, Doris G.] RTI Int, Publ Hlth Res Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [King, Brian A.; Fulmer, Erika B.; Agaku, Israel T.] CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Loomis, BR (reprint author), RTI Int, Publ Hlth Res Div, 3040 E Cornwallis Rd, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM loomis@rti.org FU CDC, Office on Smoking and Health FX Support was provided by CDC, Office on Smoking and Health. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of CDC. All estimates and analyses in this paper based on Information Resources, Inc. data are by the author and not by Information Resources, Inc. NR 41 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 50 IS 1 BP 18 EP 29 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.05.003 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA CZ1DF UT WOS:000366845300009 PM 26163173 ER PT J AU Jackson, SL King, SMC Park, S Fang, J Odom, EC Cogswell, ME AF Jackson, Sandra L. King, Sallyann M. Coleman Park, Soyoun Fang, Jing Odom, Erika C. Cogswell, Mary E. TI Health Professional Advice and Adult Action to Reduce Sodium Intake SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID AMERICAN-HEART-ASSOCIATION; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; DIETARY-SODIUM; BLOOD-PRESSURE; UNITED-STATES; CARE VISITS; CONSUMPTION; RISK; COMMUNICATION; HYPERTENSION AB Introduction: Excessive sodium intake is a key modifiable risk factor for hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Although 95% of U.S. adults exceed intake recommendations, knowledge is limited regarding whether doctor or health professional advice motivates patients to reduce intake. Our objectives were to describe the prevalence and determinants of taking action to reduce sodium, and to test whether receiving advice was associated with action. Methods: Analyses, conducted in 2014, used data from the 2013 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, a state-based telephone survey representative of non-institutionalized adults. Respondents (n=173,778) from 26 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico used the new optional sodium module. We estimated prevalence ratios (PRs) based on average marginal predictions, accounting for the complex survey design. Results: Fifty-three percent of adults reported taking action to reduce sodium intake. Prevalence of action was highest among adults who received advice (83%), followed by adults taking antihypertensive medications, adults with diabetes, adults with kidney disease, or adults with a history of cardiovascular disease (range, 73%-75%), and lowest among adults aged 18-24 years (29%). Overall, 23% of adults reported receiving advice to reduce sodium intake. Receiving advice was associated with taking action (prevalence ratio=1.59; 95% CI=1.56, 1.61), independent of sociodemographic and health characteristics, although some disparities were observed across race/ethnicity and BMI categories. Conclusions: Our results suggest that more than half of U.S. adults in 26 states and two territories are taking action to reduce sodium intake, and doctor or health professional advice is strongly associated with action. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Jackson, Sandra L.] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Jackson, Sandra L.; King, Sallyann M. Coleman; Park, Soyoun; Fang, Jing; Odom, Erika C.; Cogswell, Mary E.] CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. RP Jackson, SL (reprint author), CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, 4770 Buford Highway,Bldg 107,Mailstop F-77, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM sljackson@cdc.gov OI Jackson, Sandra/0000-0003-4810-0572 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 50 IS 1 BP 30 EP 39 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.04.034 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA CZ1DF UT WOS:000366845300010 PM 26163171 ER PT J AU Klevens, RM Jones, SE Ward, JW Holtzman, D Kann, L AF Klevens, R. Monina Jones, Sherry Everett Ward, John W. Holtzman, Deborah Kann, Laura TI Trends in Injection Drug Use Among High School Students, US, 1995-2013 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID C VIRUS-INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; EMERGING EPIDEMIC; HIV INCIDENCE; YOUNG-ADULTS; HEPATITIS; BALTIMORE; RISK AB Introduction: Injection drug use is the most frequently reported risk behavior among new cases of hepatitis C virus infection, and recent reports of increases in infection are of great concern in many communities. This study assessed the prevalence and trends in injection drug use among U.S. high school students. Methods: Data were from CDC's Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System, which collects information on health risk behaviors at the national, state, and large urban school district levels. Analyses were conducted in 2014. Results: In 2013, 1.7% of high school students nationwide had ever injected any illegal drug. Nationwide, ever injecting any illegal drug did not change significantly from 1995 to 2013, except among black non-Hispanic students. For this subgroup, both a significant linear increase from 1995 to 2013 and a significant quadratic trend were observed, with injection drug use increasing from 1995 to 2009 and decreasing from 2009 to 2013. Significant linear increases in injection drug use occurred in five states (Arkansas, Hawaii, Maine, Maryland, and New York) and six large urban school districts (Baltimore, Memphis, Miami-Dade County, New York City, Philadelphia, and Seattle). Significant linear decreases occurred in three states (Massachusetts, South Dakota, and West Virginia). Both a significant linear increase and quadratic trend were observed in Maine; quadratic trends were observed in Tennessee, Utah, and Palm Beach County, Florida. Conclusions: In some geographic areas and population groups, an increasing or high frequency of injection drug use was found among high school students, who should be targeted for prevention. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Klevens, R. Monina; Ward, John W.; Holtzman, Deborah] CDC, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Jones, Sherry Everett; Kann, Laura] CDC, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Klevens, RM (reprint author), CDC, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-37, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM rmk2@cdc.gov NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 50 IS 1 BP 40 EP 46 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.05.026 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA CZ1DF UT WOS:000366845300011 PM 26314917 ER PT J AU Fryar, CD Herrick, K Afful, J Ogden, CL AF Fryar, Cheryl D. Herrick, Kirsten Afful, Joseph Ogden, Cynthia L. TI Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Among Male Veterans, US, 2009-2012 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MILITARY HEALTH SYSTEM; PREVALENCE; OBESITY; SAMPLE; INDICATORS; BEHAVIOR AB Introduction: Cardiovascular disease remains an important cause of death in the U.S. where veterans of the U.S. Armed Forces represent a significant segment of the population. Limited national estimates of cardiovascular disease risk factors using physical measurements and reported veteran status in the U.S. civilian population have been reported. The purpose of this study was to compare the prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors among veteran and non-veteran men in the U.S. civilian population. Methods: Using data from the 2009-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 1,107 veteran and 3,972 non-veteran men were identified for this study (analyzed in 2014-2015). Differences in hypertension, dsylipidemia, diabetes, obesity, and smoking between veterans and non-veterans were compared using chi-square and t-tests. Predicted prevalence from multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for age, race/Hispanic origin, and poverty level were used to assess whether previous military service was associated with having a cardiovascular disease risk factor. Results: Veteran men were older than non-veteran men (59.9 years vs 43.4 years) and were more likely to be non-Hispanic white (79.9% vs 65.7%). Adjusted predicted prevalence estimates show that veterans were more likely than non-veterans to be obese (42.6% vs 33.7%, p<0.01). After adjustment for obesity, there was no difference in hypertension, dyslipidemia, diagnosed diabetes, or smoking between veteran and non-veteran men. Conclusions: This study identified a segment of the U.S. civilian population-veteran men-who have a higher prevalence for obesity, a risk factor associated with increased risk for other cardiovascular disease risk factors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Fryar, Cheryl D.; Herrick, Kirsten; Ogden, Cynthia L.] CDC, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Afful, Joseph] Harris IT Serv Corp, Herndon, VA USA. RP Fryar, CD (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM cfryar@cdc.gov NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 50 IS 1 BP 101 EP 105 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.06.011 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA CZ1DF UT WOS:000366845300018 PM 26232905 ER PT J AU O'Halloran, AC Lu, PJ Williams, WW Bridges, CB Singleton, JA AF O'Halloran, Alissa C. Lu, Peng-jun Williams, Walter W. Bridges, Carolyn B. Singleton, James A. TI Influenza Vaccination Coverage Among People With High-Risk Conditions in the US SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; UNITED-STATES; SEASONAL INFLUENZA; SELF-REPORT; VACCINES RECOMMENDATIONS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; ELDERLY OUTPATIENTS; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; HOSPITALIZATION; PREVENTION AB Introduction: During annual influenza epidemics, rates of serious illness and death are higher among those who have medical conditions, such as pulmonary disease, diabetes, or heart disease, which place them at increased risk of influenza complications. Annual influenza vaccination was recommended for people with high-risk conditions as early as 1960. Methods: Data from the 2012-2013 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were analyzed in 2014 to estimate national and state-specific influenza vaccination coverage among people aged 18-64 years with high-risk conditions. Prevalence ratios adjusted for demographic and access-tocare characteristics were calculated using logistic regression and predictive marginal models. Results: Unadjusted influenza vaccination coverage was 45.4% among adults aged 18-64 years with at least one high-risk condition, compared with 32.9% among those with no high-risk conditions (p<0.05). Among adults aged 18-64 years with multiple conditions (at least two high-risk conditions), vaccination coverage was 53.2%. Coverage was 43.9% for those with pulmonary diseases, 52.7% for those with diabetes, 48.1% for those with heart disease, and 45.0% for those with cancer. Individuals with high-risk conditions were more likely to receive an influenza vaccine than those with no high-risk conditions, even after controlling for demographic and access-to-care characteristics. Conclusions: Despite ongoing influenza vaccination recommendations for adults with high-risk conditions, coverage was below the Healthy People 2020 target; only about half were vaccinated. Primary care providers and subspecialists should ensure routine assessment of vaccination status every fall and winter and recommend vaccination to people with high-risk conditions. (C) 2016 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. All rights reserved. C1 [O'Halloran, Alissa C.; Lu, Peng-jun; Williams, Walter W.; Bridges, Carolyn B.; Singleton, James A.] CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP O'Halloran, AC (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,Mail Stop A-19, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM idg3@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 50 IS 1 BP E15 EP E26 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.06.008 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA CZ1DF UT WOS:000366845300003 PM 26238603 ER PT J AU Lockhart, SR Pham, CD Kuykendall, RJ Bolden, CB Cleveland, AA AF Lockhart, Shawn R. Pham, Cau D. Kuykendall, Randall J. Bolden, Carol B. Cleveland, Angela A. TI Candida lusitaniae MICs to the echinocandins are elevated but FKS-mediated resistance is rare SO DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Candida lusitaniae; Echinocandin; FKS; Epidemiological cutoff value ID EPIDEMIOLOGIC CUTOFF VALUES; POPULATION-BASED SURVEILLANCE; BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS; INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; SPECIES DISTRIBUTION; BROTH MICRODILUTION; AMPHOTERICIN-B; DISTRIBUTIONS; ITRACONAZOLE; POSACONAZOLE AB MIC values were generated for caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against 106 isolates of C. lusitaniae, and these values were compared to established epidemiologic cutoff values. The majority of isolates were wild type both by MIC value as well as by FKS1 hotspot sequencing. Although C lusitaniae isolates have MIC values to the echinocandins that are elevated compared to other common species, with regard to known mechanisms of resistance to the echinocandins, isolates with MIC values at or below the epidemiological cutoff values of 05 and 1 mu g/mL for micafungin and anidulafungin, respectively, should be considered wild type. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Lockhart, Shawn R.; Pham, Cau D.; Kuykendall, Randall J.; Bolden, Carol B.; Cleveland, Angela A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Lockhart, SR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM gyi2@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0732-8893 EI 1879-0070 J9 DIAGN MICR INFEC DIS JI Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 84 IS 1 BP 52 EP 54 DI 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2015.08.012 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA CZ6IG UT WOS:000367203800013 PM 26429293 ER PT J AU Goode, RW Ye, L Sereika, SM Zheng, YG Mattos, M Acharya, SD Ewing, LJ Danford, C Hu, L Imes, CC Chasens, E Osier, N Mancino, J Burke, LE AF Goode, Rachel W. Ye, Lei Sereika, Susan M. Zheng, Yaguang Mattos, Meghan Acharya, Sushama D. Ewing, Linda J. Danford, Cynthia Hu, Lu Imes, Christopher C. Chasens, Eileen Osier, Nicole Mancino, Juliet Burke, Lora E. TI Socio-demographic, anthropometric, and psychosocial predictors of attrition across behavioral weight-loss trials SO EATING BEHAVIORS LA English DT Article DE Attrition; Weight loss; Binge eating ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; BINGE-EATING DISORDER; PRIMARY-CARE PRACTICE; SELF-REPORTED WEIGHT; OBESITY TREATMENT; PRETREATMENT PREDICTORS; LOSS INTERVENTIONS; LOSS MAINTENANCE; HEART-DISEASE; HEALTH SURVEY AB Preventing attrition is a major concern in behavioralweight loss intervention studies. The purpose of this analysis was to identify baseline and six-month predictors associated with participant attrition across three independent clinical trials of behavioral weight loss interventions (PREFER, SELF, and SMART) that were conducted over 10 years. Baseline measures included body mass index, Barriers to Healthy Eating, Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI), Hunger Satiety Scale (HSS), Binge Eating Scale (BES), Medical Outcome Study Short Form (MOS SF-36 v2) and Weight Efficacy Lifestyle Questionnaire (WEL). We also examined early weight loss and attendance at group sessions during the first 6 months. Attrition was recorded at the end of the trials. Participants included 504 overweight and obese adults seeking weight loss treatment. The sample was 84.92% female and 73.61% white, with amean (+/- SD) age of 47.35 +/- 9.75 years. After controlling for the specific trial, for every one unit increase in BMI, the odds of attrition increased by 11%. For every year increase in education, the odds of attrition decreased by 10%. Additional predictors of attrition included previous attempts to lose 50-79 lbs, age, not possessing health insurance, and BES, BDI, and HSS scores. At 6 months, the odds of attrition increased by 10% with reduced group session attendance. There was also an interaction between percent weight change and trial (p < .001). Multivariate analysis of the three trials showed education, age, BMI, and BES scoreswere independently associated with attrition (p(s) <= .01). These findings may informthe development ofmore robust strategies for reducing attrition. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Goode, Rachel W.] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Social Work, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Ye, Lei; Sereika, Susan M.; Mattos, Meghan; Ewing, Linda J.; Danford, Cynthia; Hu, Lu; Imes, Christopher C.; Chasens, Eileen; Osier, Nicole; Mancino, Juliet; Burke, Lora E.] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Nursing, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Goode, Rachel W.; Ye, Lei; Sereika, Susan M.; Burke, Lora E.] Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Sereika, Susan M.; Burke, Lora E.] Univ Pittsburgh, Clin & Translat Sci Inst, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Acharya, Sushama D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zheng, Yaguang] Boston Coll, Sch Nursing, Chestnut Hill, MA 02167 USA. RP Burke, LE (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Nursing, 415 Victoria Bldg,3500 Victoria St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. EM lbu100@pitt.edu OI Imes, Christopher/0000-0002-0666-3142 FU NIH K24 Award [NR010742]; Data Management Core of the Center for Research in Chronic Disorders NIH-NINR [P30-NR03924]; Obesity and Nutrition Research Center, NIH-NIDDK [DK-046204]; Genomics and Technologies Training Grants, NIH-NINR [T32NR009759, T32NR008857]; General Clinical Research Center, NIH-NCRR-GCRC at the University of Pittsburgh [5M01-RR00056]; [R01-DK58631]; [R01-DK071817]; [P01-NR010949] FX R01-DK58631, R01-DK071817, P01-NR010949, and partial support for L.E. Burke by NIH K24 Award, NR010742. NIDDK and NINR had no role in the study design, collection, analysis or interpretation of the data, writing the manuscript, or the decision to submit the paper for publication. The conduct of the study was also supported by the Data Management Core of the Center for Research in Chronic Disorders NIH-NINR P30-NR03924, the Obesity and Nutrition Research Center, NIH-NIDDK DK-046204, Genomics and Technologies Training Grants, NIH-NINR T32NR009759 and NIH-NINR T32NR008857 and the General Clinical Research Center, NIH-NCRR-GCRC 5M01-RR00056 at the University of Pittsburgh. NR 54 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1471-0153 EI 1873-7358 J9 EAT BEHAV JI Eat. Behav. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 20 BP 27 EP 33 DI 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2015.11.009 PG 7 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA CZ1AI UT WOS:000366837700005 PM 26609668 ER PT J AU Gill, S Kuwahara, R Wilce, M AF Gill, Sarah Kuwahara, Robin Wilce, Maureen TI Through a Culturally Competent Lens: Why the Program Evaluation Standards Matter SO HEALTH PROMOTION PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE cultural competence; program planning and evaluation; ethics AB Program evaluation is an important tool for all health professionals as it enables us to learn what works, what does not, and how we can make improvements. In this article, we describe how both program staff and evaluators can use the program evaluation standards to ensure their work is culturally competent and stakeholder driven. When public health programs and their evaluations are responsive to culture and context, and they include meaningfulnot tokenstakeholder engagement, we produce better evaluations that are more likely to yield useful findings and lead to more effective programs. Effective programs are culturally competent programs that benefit communities in meaningful, respectful ways. C1 [Gill, Sarah] Columbus Technol & Serv, Chamblee, GA USA. [Kuwahara, Robin; Wilce, Maureen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gill, S (reprint author), Columbus Technol, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-60, Chamblee, NE 30341 USA. EM sgill@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1524-8399 EI 1552-6372 J9 HEALTH PROMOT PRACT JI Health Promot. Pract. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 17 IS 1 BP 5 EP 8 DI 10.1177/1524839915616364 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA CZ7WG UT WOS:000367310500001 PM 26679506 ER PT J AU Davis, TL Boyce, LS Rose, E Swartzendruber, A DiClemente, R Gelaude, D Fasula, AM Carry, M AF Davis, Teaniese L. Boyce, Lorin S. Rose, Eve Swartzendruber, Andrea DiClemente, Ralph Gelaude, Deborah Fasula, Amy M. Carry, Monique TI Lessons Learned From Delivering Imara, an HIV/STI Risk Reduction Intervention for African American Girls in Juvenile Detention SO HEALTH PROMOTION PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE Black; African American; child; adolescent health; health education; HIV; AIDS; sexual health; women's health ID RANDOMIZED-CONTROLLED-TRIAL; HIV; ADOLESCENTS; EFFICACY AB A critical need exists for efficacious interventions to reduce sexual risk and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among African American girls in juvenile detention. Adapting evidence-based interventions is one strategy for developing interventions that might protect detained African American girls from adverse sexual health outcomes. To support development and implementation of evidence-based HIV/STI prevention interventions for this population, this qualitative study describes lessons learned from delivering Imara, an adapted HIV/STI prevention intervention for detained African American girls. Program implementation includes one-on-one sessions in the detention facility that offer logistical advantages; provide intervention contact inside the facility, soon after release, and frequently thereafter; address STI treatment for girls and their sexual partners; tailor intervention content based on individual risk and learning needs; and identify and acknowledge girls' competing priorities. These lessons are discussed in the context of challenges encountered and solutions for addressing the challenges, and in terms of the structure and content of the intervention. The lessons learned from delivering Imara exemplify the continuous process of adapting an existing intervention for a new population and setting. C1 [Davis, Teaniese L.; Boyce, Lorin S.; Rose, Eve; Swartzendruber, Andrea; DiClemente, Ralph] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Davis, Teaniese L.; Swartzendruber, Andrea; DiClemente, Ralph] Emory Univ, Ctr AIDS Res, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Gelaude, Deborah; Fasula, Amy M.; Carry, Monique] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Davis, Teaniese L.] Morehouse Coll, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Davis, TL (reprint author), 830 Westview Dr,Dansby Hall, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. EM teaniese.davis@morehouse.edu FU NCHHSTP CDC HHS [5UR6PS000679]; NIAAA NIH HHS [F32AA022058]; NIGMS NIH HHS [K12GM000680] NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1524-8399 EI 1552-6372 J9 HEALTH PROMOT PRACT JI Health Promot. Pract. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 17 IS 1 BP 31 EP 39 DI 10.1177/1524839915606395 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA CZ7WG UT WOS:000367310500005 PM 26452768 ER PT J AU Epstein, L See, I Edwards, JR Magill, SS Thompson, ND AF Epstein, Lauren See, Isaac Edwards, Jonathan R. Magill, Shelley S. Thompson, Nicola D. TI Mucosal Barrier Injury Laboratory-Confirmed Bloodstream Infections (MBI-LCBI): Descriptive Analysis of Data Reported to National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN), 2013 SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SURVEILLANCE DEFINITION; HEMATOLOGY; MALIGNANCIES; NEUTROPENIA; ONCOLOGY; TIME AB OBJECTIVES To determine the impact of mucosal barrier injury laboratory-confirmed bloodstream infections (MBI-LCBIs) on central-line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) rates during the first year of MBI-LCBI reporting to the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) DESIGN Descriptive analysis of 2013 NHSN data SETTING Selected inpatient locations in acute care hospitals METHODS A descriptive analysis of MBI-LCBI cases was performed. CLABSI rates per 1,000 central-line days were calculated with and without the inclusion of MBI-LCBIs in the subset of locations reporting 1 MBI-LCBI, and in all locations (regardless of MBI-LCBI reporting) to determine rate differences overall and by location type. RESULTS From 418 locations in 252 acute care hospitals reporting 1 MBI-LCBIs, 3,162 CLABSIs were reported; 1,415 (44.7%) met the MBI-LCBI definition. Among these locations, removing MBI-LCBI from the CLABSI rate determination produced the greatest CLABSI rate decreases in oncology (49%) and ward locations (45%). Among all locations reporting CLABSI data, including those reporting no MBI-LCBIs, removing MBI-LCBI reduced rates by 8%. Here, the greatest decrease was in oncology locations (38% decrease); decreases in other locations ranged from 1.2% to 4.2%. CONCLUSIONS An understanding of the potential impact of removing MBI-LCBIs from CLABSI data is needed to accurately interpret CLABSI trends over time and to inform changes to state and federal reporting programs. Whereas the MBI-LCBI definition may have a large impact on CLABSI rates in locations where patients with certain clinical conditions are cared for, the impact of MBI-LCBIs on overall CLABSI rates across inpatient locations appears to be more modest. Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 2015;37(1):2-7 C1 [Epstein, Lauren; See, Isaac; Edwards, Jonathan R.; Magill, Shelley S.; Thompson, Nicola D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Epstein, Lauren] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Educ & Profess Dev, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Epstein, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Epidem Intelligence Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd Mailstop A-16, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM Xdd0@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0899-823X EI 1559-6834 J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 37 IS 1 BP 2 EP 7 DI 10.1017/ice.2015.245 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA CZ5XP UT WOS:000367176000002 PM 26456954 ER PT J AU Thompson, ND Edwards, JR Dudeck, MA Fridkin, SK Magill, SS AF Thompson, Nicola D. Edwards, Jonathan R. Dudeck, Margaret A. Fridkin, Scott K. Magill, Shelley S. TI Evaluating the Use of the Case Mix Index for Risk Adjustment of Healthcare-Associated Infection Data: An Illustration using Clostridium difficile Infection Data from the National Healthcare Safety Network SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HOSPITALS AB BACKGROUND Case mix index (CMI) has been used as a facility-level indicator of patient disease severity. We sought to evaluate the potential for CMI to be used for risk adjustment of National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) healthcare-associated infection (HAI) data. METHODS NHSN facility-wide laboratory-identified Clostridium difficile infection event data from 2012 were merged with the fiscal year 2012 Inpatient Prospective Payment System (IPPS) Impact file by CMS certification number (CCN) to obtain a CMI value for hospitals reporting to NHSN. Negative binomial regression was used to evaluate whether CMI was significantly associated with healthcare facility-onset (HO) CDI in univariate and multivariate analysis. RESULTS Among 1,468 acute care hospitals reporting CDI data to NHSN in 2012, 1,429 matched by CCN to a CMI value in the Impact file. CMI (median, 1.49; interquartile range, 1.36-1.66) was a significant predictor of HO CDI in univariate analysis (P<.0001). After controlling for community onset CDI prevalence rate, medical school affiliation, hospital size, and CDI test type use, CMI remained highly significant (P<.0001), with an increase of 0.1 point in CMI associated with a 3.4% increase in the HO CDI incidence rate. CONCLUSIONS CMI was a significant predictor of NHSN HO CDI incidence. Additional work to explore the feasibility of using CMI for risk adjustment of NHSN data is necessary. Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 2015;37(1):19-25 C1 [Thompson, Nicola D.; Edwards, Jonathan R.; Dudeck, Margaret A.; Fridkin, Scott K.; Magill, Shelley S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Thompson, ND (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd MS A-16, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ndthompson@cdc.gov NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0899-823X EI 1559-6834 J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 37 IS 1 BP 19 EP 25 DI 10.1017/ice.2015.252 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA CZ5XP UT WOS:000367176000005 PM 26486597 ER PT J AU Kelesidis, T Braykov, N Uslan, DZ Morgan, DJ Gandra, S Johannsson, B Schweizer, ML Weisenberg, SA Young, H Cantey, J Perencevich, E Septimus, E Srinivasan, A Laxminarayan, R AF Kelesidis, Theodoros Braykov, Nikolay Uslan, Daniel Z. Morgan, Daniel J. Gandra, Sumanth Johannsson, Birgir Schweizer, Marin L. Weisenberg, Scott A. Young, Heather Cantey, Joseph Perencevich, Eli Septimus, Edward Srinivasan, Arjun Laxminarayan, Ramanan TI Indications and Types of Antibiotic Agents Used in 6 Acute Care Hospitals, 2009-2010: A Pragmatic Retrospective Observational Study SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POINT-PREVALENCE SURVEY; SOFT-TISSUE INFECTIONS; ANTIBACTERIAL DRUG-USE; ANTIMICROBIAL STEWARDSHIP; CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS; TRACT-INFECTIONS; THERAPY; UNITS; PNEUMONIA; PROCALCITONIN AB BACKGROUND To design better antimicrobial stewardship programs, detailed data on the primary drivers and patterns of antibiotic use are needed. OBJECTIVE To characterize the indications for antibiotic therapy, agents used, duration, combinations, and microbiological justification in 6 acute-care US facilities with varied location, size, and type of antimicrobial stewardship programs. DESIGN, PARTICIPANTS, AND SETTING Retrospective medical chart review was performed on a random cross-sectional sample of 1,200 adult inpatients, hospitalized (>24 hrs) in 6 hospitals, and receiving at least 1 antibiotic dose on 4 index dates chosen at equal intervals through a 1-year study period (October 1, 2009-September 30, 2010). METHODS Infectious disease specialists recorded patient demographic characteristics, comorbidities, microbiological and radiological testing, and agents used, dose, duration, and indication for antibiotic prescriptions. RESULTS On the index dates 4,119 (60.5%) of 6,812 inpatients were receiving antibiotics. The random sample of 1,200 case patients was receiving 2,527 antibiotics (average: 2.1 per patient); 540 (21.4%) were prophylactic and 1,987 (78.6%) were therapeutic, of which 372 (18.7%) were pathogen-directed at start. Of the 1,615 empirical starts, 382 (23.7%) were subsequently pathogen-directed and 1,231 (76.2%) remained empirical. Use was primarily for respiratory (27.6% of prescriptions) followed by gastrointestinal (13.1%) infections. Fluoroquinolones, vancomycin, and antipseudomonal penicillins together accounted for 47.1% of therapy-days. CONCLUSIONS Use of broad-spectrum empirical therapy was prevalent in 6 US acute care facilities and in most instances was not subsequently pathogen directed. Fluoroquinolones, vancomycin, and antipseudomonal penicillins were the most frequently used antibiotics, particularly for respiratory indications. Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 2015;37(1):70-79 C1 [Kelesidis, Theodoros; Uslan, Daniel Z.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Infect Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Braykov, Nikolay; Morgan, Daniel J.; Gandra, Sumanth; Laxminarayan, Ramanan] Ctr Dis Dynam Econ & Policy, Washington, DC 20005 USA. [Morgan, Daniel J.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Morgan, Daniel J.] Vet Adm Maryland Healthcare Syst, Baltimore, MD USA. [Johannsson, Birgir; Schweizer, Marin L.; Perencevich, Eli] Iowa City Vet Adm Hlth Care Syst, Iowa City, IA USA. [Weisenberg, Scott A.] Alta Bates Summit Med Ctr, Oakland, CA USA. [Young, Heather] Denver Hlth Med Ctr, Denver, CO USA. [Cantey, Joseph] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Dept Pediat, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. [Septimus, Edward] Texas A&M Hlth Sci Ctr, Coll Med, Houston, TX USA. [Septimus, Edward] HCA Inc, Clin Serv Grp, Nashville, TN USA. [Srinivasan, Arjun] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Laxminarayan, Ramanan] Princeton Univ, Princeton Environm Inst, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Laxminarayan, Ramanan] Publ Hlth Fdn India, New Delhi, India. RP Laxminarayan, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Dynam Econ & Policy, 1400 Eye St NW Ste 500, Washington, DC 20005 USA. EM ramanan@cddep.org OI Kelesidis, Theodoros/0000-0002-8463-3811 FU Centers for Disease Control, Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion [GS-10F-0163P]; Science and Technology Directorate, Department of Homeland Security [HSHQDC-12-C-00058]; Health Grand Challenges Program at Princeton University, Veterans Administration Health Service Research and Development; Global Antibiotic Resistance Partnership project at Center for Disease Dynamics, Economics, & Policy - Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation FX Centers for Disease Control, Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion (grant GS-10F-0163P to N.B., D.J.M., H.Y., B.J., S.A.W.), Science and Technology Directorate, Department of Homeland Security (contract HSHQDC-12-C-00058 to R.L.), Health Grand Challenges Program at Princeton University, Veterans Administration Health Service Research and Development (grant to D.J. M.), and Global Antibiotic Resistance Partnership project at Center for Disease Dynamics, Economics, & Policy funded by Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (to S.G.). NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0899-823X EI 1559-6834 J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 37 IS 1 BP 70 EP 79 DI 10.1017/ice.2015.226 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA CZ5XP UT WOS:000367176000012 PM 26456803 ER PT J AU Lee, EH Adams, EH Madison-Antenucci, S Lee, L Barnwell, JW Whitehouse, J Clement, E Bajwa, W Jones, LE Lutterloh, E Weiss, D Ackelsberg, J AF Lee, Ellen H. Adams, Eleanor H. Madison-Antenucci, Susan Lee, Lillian Barnwell, John W. Whitehouse, Joan Clement, Ernest Bajwa, Waheed Jones, Lucretia E. Lutterloh, Emily Weiss, Don Ackelsberg, Joel TI Healthcare-Associated Transmission of Plasmodium falciparum in New York City SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NOSOCOMIAL MALARIA; POLYMORPHISMS; PATIENT AB A patient with no risk factors for malaria was hospitalized in New York City with Plasmodium falciparum infection. After investigating all potential sources of infection, we concluded the patient had been exposed to malaria while hospitalized less than 3 weeks earlier. Molecular genotyping implicated patient-to-patient transmission in a hospital setting. Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 2015;37(1):113-115 C1 [Lee, Ellen H.; Jones, Lucretia E.; Weiss, Don; Ackelsberg, Joel] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Div Dis Control, Bur Communicable Dis, Queens, NY USA. [Adams, Eleanor H.; Whitehouse, Joan] New York State Dept Hlth, Healthcare Epidemiol & Infect Control Program, Metropolitan Area Reg Off, New Rochelle, NY USA. [Madison-Antenucci, Susan] New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Parasitol Lab, Albany, NY USA. [Lee, Lillian] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Publ Hlth Lab, New York, NY USA. [Barnwell, John W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. [Clement, Ernest; Lutterloh, Emily] New York State Dept Hlth, Bur Healthcare Associated Infect, Albany, NY USA. [Bajwa, Waheed] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Div Environm Hlth, Off Vector Surveillance & Control, Queens, NY USA. RP Lee, EH (reprint author), New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Bur Communicable Dis, 2 Gotham Ctr,CN 22A,42-09 28th St,6th Fl, Long Isl City, NY 11101 USA. EM elee4@health.nyc.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0899-823X EI 1559-6834 J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 37 IS 1 BP 113 EP 115 DI 10.1017/ice.2015.236 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA CZ5XP UT WOS:000367176000019 PM 26498730 ER PT J AU Blunt-Vinti, HD Wheldon, C McFarlane, M Brogan, N Walsh-Buhi, ER AF Blunt-Vinti, Heather D. Wheldon, Christopher McFarlane, Mary Brogan, Natalie Walsh-Buhi, Eric R. TI Assessing Relationship and Sexual Satisfaction in Adolescent Relationships Formed Online and Offline SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Adolescents; Sexual satisfaction; Internet; Relationships; Technology; Online dating; Social networking ID TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; RISK ENVIRONMENT; UNITED-STATES; YOUNG-PEOPLE; INTERNET; HEALTH; EDUCATION; GIRLS; COMMUNICATION; DISCOURSE AB Purpose: Using the Internet to meet new people is becoming more common; however, such behavior is often considered risky, particularly for adolescents. Nevertheless, adolescents are meeting people through online venues and some are forming romantic/sexual relationships. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship and sexual satisfaction reported by teens in online- and offline-initiated relationships. Methods: Data were collected from 273 13-19 year olds visiting a publicly funded clinic through 2010 and 2011. Questions included where respondents met the partner (online vs. offline), time between meeting and first sex, how well they knew the partner, and relationship and sexual (R&S) satisfaction. Analyses consisted of descriptive statistics, t tests, and path analysis, exploring R&S satisfaction in online-and offline-initiated relationships. Results: R&S satisfaction scores were moderate for adolescents who reported meeting partners online and in person but were statistically higher in offline-initiated relationships. There was an inverse relationship between having an online partner and both relationship and sexual satisfaction. Additionally, knowing partners for a longer period of time and feeling more knowledgeable about partners before having sex were statistically significantly related to higher R&S satisfaction. Conclusions: Teens in this study reported more satisfying relationships with partners met offline compared with online. Results suggest that encouraging teens to wait longer and to get to know their partner(s) better before engaging in sex may improve satisfaction with, and quality of, those relationships. These findings provide an important contribution to sexual health promotion among young people, with whom technology use is ubiquitous. (C) 2016 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. All rights reserved. C1 [Blunt-Vinti, Heather D.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Hlth Human Performance & Recreat, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Wheldon, Christopher] Univ S Florida, Dept Community & Family Hlth, Tampa, FL USA. [McFarlane, Mary] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Brogan, Natalie] Booz Allen Hamilton, Mclean, VA USA. [Walsh-Buhi, Eric R.] San Diego State Univ, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Div Hlth Promot & Behav Sci, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. RP Walsh-Buhi, ER (reprint author), San Diego State Univ, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Div Hlth Promot & Behav Sci, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. EM ebuhi@sdsu.edu RI Buhi, Eric/C-5106-2011 FU American Sexually Transmitted Disease Association (ASTDA) Developmental Award FX This research was supported by an American Sexually Transmitted Disease Association (ASTDA) Developmental Award. NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X EI 1879-1972 J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD JAN PY 2016 VL 58 IS 1 BP 11 EP 16 DI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2015.09.027 PG 6 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA CZ4GT UT WOS:000367062200003 PM 26707225 ER PT J AU Cantey, PT Eberhard, M Weeks, J Swoboda, S Ostovar, GA AF Cantey, Paul T. Eberhard, Mark Weeks, Jessica Swoboda, Sara Ostovar, G. Amin TI Onchocerca lupi infection SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY-PEDIATRICS LA English DT Letter ID MACROFILARICIDAL ACTIVITY; VOLVULUS; DOXYCYCLINE; IVERMECTIN C1 [Cantey, Paul T.; Eberhard, Mark] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Weeks, Jessica; Swoboda, Sara] Indian Hlth Serv, Chinle, AZ USA. [Ostovar, G. Amin] Maricopa Cty Gen Hosp, Phoenix, AZ USA. RP Cantey, PT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC NEUROLOGICAL SURGEONS PI ROLLING MEADOWS PA 5550 MEADOWBROOK DRIVE, ROLLING MEADOWS, IL 60008 USA SN 1933-0707 EI 1933-0715 J9 J NEUROSURG-PEDIATR JI J. Neurosurg.-Pediatr. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 17 IS 1 BP 118 EP 119 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology; Pediatrics; Surgery SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pediatrics; Surgery GA CZ3TW UT WOS:000367027900020 PM 26451719 ER PT J AU Okoroh, EM Kroelinger, CD Lasswell, SM Goodman, DA Williams, AM Barfield, WD AF Okoroh, E. M. Kroelinger, C. D. Lasswell, S. M. Goodman, D. A. Williams, A. M. Barfield, W. D. TI United States and territory policies supporting maternal and neonatal transfer: review of transport and reimbursement SO JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT; PERINATAL REGIONALIZATION; INTENSIVE-CARE; BACK-TRANSPORT; BED UTILIZATION; INFANTS; MORTALITY; SERVICES; OUTCOMES; PRETERM AB OBJECTIVE: Summarize policies that support maternal and neonatal transport among states and territories. STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review of publicly available, web-based information on maternal and neonatal transport for each state and territory in 2014. Information was abstracted from published rules, statutes, regulations, planning documents and program descriptions. Abstracted information was summarized within two categories: transport and reimbursement. RESULTS: Sixty-eight percent of states and 25% of territories had a policy for neonatal transport; 60% of states and one territory had a policy for maternal transport. Sixty-two percent of states had a reimbursement policy for neonatal transport, whereas 20% reimbursed for maternal transport. Thirty-two percent of states had an infant back-transport policy while 16% included back-transport for both. No territories had reimbursement or back-transport policies. CONCLUSION: The lack of development of maternal transport reimbursement and neonatal back-transport policies negatively impacts the achievements of risk-appropriate care, a strategy focused on improving perinatal outcomes. C1 [Okoroh, E. M.; Kroelinger, C. D.; Goodman, D. A.; Barfield, W. D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lasswell, S. M.; Williams, A. M.] Mosa Consulting Grp LLC, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Okoroh, EM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd Mailstop F74, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM eokoroh@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 57 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0743-8346 EI 1476-5543 J9 J PERINATOL JI J. Perinatol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 36 IS 1 BP 30 EP 34 DI 10.1038/jp.2015.109 PG 5 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA CZ5WM UT WOS:000367173100006 PM 26334399 ER PT J AU Costa, FLD Teixeira, RKC Yamaki, VN Valente, AL Silva, AMF Brito, MVH Percario, S AF da Silva Costa, Felipe Lobato Costa Teixeira, Renan Kleber Yamaki, Vitor Nagai Valente, Andre Lopes Ferraioli Silva, Andressa Mileo Henriques Brito, Marcus Vinicius Percario, Sandro TI Remote ischemic conditioning temporarily improves antioxidant defense SO JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Liver failure; Transplantation; Transplantation conditioning; Ischemic postconditioning; Ischemia; Reperfusion ID REPERFUSION INJURY; ISCHEMIA/REPERFUSION INJURY; LIVER; CARDIOPROTECTION; PROTECTION; MECHANISMS; RECEPTORS; DISEASE; TISSUE; MODEL AB Background: Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) is the most promising surgical approach to mitigate ischemia and reperfusion (IR) injury. It consists in performing brief cycles of IR in tissues other than those exposed to ischemia. The underlying mechanisms of the induced protection are barely understood, so we evaluated if RIC works enhancing the antioxidant defense of the liver and kidney before IR injury. Materials and methods: Twenty-one Wistar rats were assigned into three groups as follows: sham, same surgical procedure as in the remaining groups was performed, but no RIC was carried out. RIC 10, RIC was performed, and no abdominal organ ischemia was induced. After 10 min of the end of the RIC protocol, the liver and kidney were harvested. RIC 60, similar procedure as performed in RIC 10, but the liver and the kidney were harvested 60 min. RIC consisted of three cycles of 5-min left hind limb ischemia followed by 5-min left hind limb perfusion, lasting 30 min in total. Samples were used to measure tissue total antioxidant capacity. Results: RIC protocol increased both liver (1.064 + 0.26 mM/L) and kidney (1.310 +/- 0.17 mM/L) antioxidant capacity after 10 min when compared with sham (liver, 0.759 +/- 0.10 mM/L and kidney, 1.08 +/- 0.15 mM/L). Sixty minutes after the RIC protocol, no enhancement on liver (0.687 +/- 0.13 mM/L) or kidney (1.09 +/- 0.15 mM/L) antioxidant capacity was detected. Conclusions: RIC works through temporary and short-term enhancement of liver and kidney cells antioxidant defenses to avoid the deleterious consequences of a future IR injury. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [da Silva Costa, Felipe Lobato; Costa Teixeira, Renan Kleber; Yamaki, Vitor Nagai; Valente, Andre Lopes; Ferraioli Silva, Andressa Mileo; Henriques Brito, Marcus Vinicius] Para State Univ, Dept Expt Surg, Expt Surg Lab, BR-66035360 Belem, Para, Brazil. [Percario, Sandro] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dept Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Teixeira, RKC (reprint author), Para State Univ, Dept Expt Surg, Mundurucus St 2256,Apt 1401, BR-66035360 Belem, Para, Brazil. EM renankleberc@hotmail.com OI Teixeira, Renan Kleber Costa/0000-0002-5079-297X; Percario, Sandro/0000-0002-9528-0361; Brito, Marcus/0000-0003-1476-0054 NR 32 TC 2 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4804 EI 1095-8673 J9 J SURG RES JI J. Surg. Res. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 200 IS 1 BP 105 EP 109 DI 10.1016/j.jss.2015.07.031 PG 5 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA CZ1BM UT WOS:000366840700016 PM 26316445 ER PT J AU Famulare, M Chang, S Iber, J Zhao, K Adeniji, JA Bukbuk, D Baba, M Behrend, M Burns, CC Oberste, MS AF Famulare, Michael Chang, Stewart Iber, Jane Zhao, Kun Adeniji, Johnson A. Bukbuk, David Baba, Marycelin Behrend, Matthew Burns, Cara C. Oberste, M. Steven TI Sabin Vaccine Reversion in the Field: a Comprehensive Analysis of Sabin-Like Poliovirus Isolates in Nigeria SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID PARALYTIC POLIOMYELITIS; DEOXYINOSINE RESIDUES; TYPE-1 POLIOVIRUS; SPECIES-C; ERADICATION; STRAINS; NEUROVIRULENCE; IDENTIFICATION; POPULATION; EXCRETION AB To assess the dynamics of genetic reversion of live poliovirus vaccine in humans, we studied molecular evolution in Sabin-like poliovirus isolates from Nigerian acute flaccid paralysis cases obtained from routine surveillance. We employed a novel modeling approach to infer substitution and recombination rates from whole-genome sequences and information about poliovirus infection dynamics and the individual vaccination history. We confirmed observations from a recent vaccine trial that VP1 substitution rates are increased for Sabin-like isolates relative to the rate for the wild type due to increased nonsynonymous substitution rates. We also inferred substitution rates for attenuating nucleotides and confirmed that reversion can occur in days to weeks after vaccination. We combine our observations for Sabin-like virus evolution with the molecular clock for VP1 of circulating wild-type strains to infer that the mean time from the initiating vaccine dose to the earliest detection of circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV) is 300 days for Sabin-like virus type 1, 210 days for Sabin-like virus type 2, and 390 days for Sabin-like virus type 3. Phylogenetic relationships indicated transient local transmission of Sabin-like virus type 3 and, possibly, Sabin-like virus type 1 during periods of low wild polio incidence. Comparison of Sabin-like virus recombinants with known Nigerian vaccine-derived poliovirus recombinants shows that while recombination with non-Sabin enteroviruses is associated with cVDPV, the recombination rates are similar for Sabin isolate-Sabin isolate and Sabin isolate non-Sabin enterovirus recombination after accounting for the time from dosing to the time of detection. Our study provides a comprehensive picture of the evolutionary dynamics of the oral polio vaccine in the field. C1 [Famulare, Michael; Chang, Stewart] Inst Dis Modeling, Intellectual Ventures Lab, Bellevue, WA 98005 USA. [Iber, Jane; Zhao, Kun; Burns, Cara C.; Oberste, M. Steven] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Adeniji, Johnson A.] Univ Ibadan, Coll Med, Dept Virol, Ibadan, Nigeria. [Bukbuk, David] Univ Maiduguri, Teaching Hosp, Maiduguri, Nigeria. [Baba, Marycelin] Univ Maiduguri, Coll Med Sci, Dept Med Lab Sci, Maiduguri, Nigeria. RP Famulare, M (reprint author), Inst Dis Modeling, Intellectual Ventures Lab, Bellevue, WA 98005 USA. EM mfamulare@intven.com OI Bukbuk, David Nadeba/0000-0003-3388-3842; Famulare, Michael/0000-0001-9275-7454 FU Global Good; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation FX Global Good provided funding to Michael Famulare, Stewart Chang, and Matthew Behrend. Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation provided funding to Jane Iber, Kun Zhao, Johnson A. Adeniji, David Nadeba Bukbuk, Marycelin Baba, Cara C. Burns, and M. Steven Oberste. NR 69 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 6 U2 11 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X EI 1098-5514 J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 90 IS 1 BP 317 EP 331 DI 10.1128/JVI.01532-15 PG 15 WC Virology SC Virology GA CZ1XK UT WOS:000366899000029 PM 26468545 ER PT J AU Braun, JM Chen, AM Romano, ME Calafat, AM Webster, GM Yolton, K Lanphear, BP AF Braun, Joseph M. Chen, Aimin Romano, Megan E. Calafat, Antonia M. Webster, Glenys M. Yolton, Kimberly Lanphear, Bruce P. TI Prenatal perfluoroalkyl substance exposure and child adiposity at 8 years of age: The HOME study SO OBESITY LA English DT Article ID PERFLUOROOCTANE SULFONATE PFOS; PROSPECTIVE COHORT; ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS; MATERNAL SMOKING; UNITED-STATES; PPAR-GAMMA; ACID PFOA; OBESITY; OVERWEIGHT; PREGNANCY AB ObjectiveTo examine relationships between prenatal perfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) exposure and adiposity in children born to women who lived downstream from a fluoropolymer manufacturing plant. MethodsData are from a prospective cohort in Cincinnati, Ohio (HOME Study). Perfluorooctanoic (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonic (PFOS), perfluorononanoic (PFNA), and perfluorohexane sulfonic (PFHxS) acids were measured in prenatal serum samples. Differences were measured in body mass index z-scores (BMI), waist circumference, and body fat at 8 years of age (n=204) and BMI between 2-8 years of age (n=285) according to PFAS concentrations. ResultsChildren born to women in the top two PFOA terciles had greater adiposity at 8 years than children in the 1st tercile. For example, waist circumference (cm) was higher among children in the 2nd (4.3; 95% CI: 1.7, 6.9) and 3rd tercile (2.2; 95% CI: -0.5, 4.9) compared to children in the 1st tercile. Children in the top two PFOA terciles also had greater BMI gains from 2 to 8 years compared to children in the 1st tercile (P<0.05). PFOS, PFNA, and PFHxS were not associated with adiposity. ConclusionsIn this cohort, higher prenatal serum PFOA concentrations were associated with greater adiposity at 8 years and a more rapid increase in BMI between 2-8 years. C1 [Braun, Joseph M.; Romano, Megan E.] Brown Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Chen, Aimin] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Environm Hlth, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Webster, Glenys M.; Lanphear, Bruce P.] BC Childrens & Womens Hosp, Child & Family Res Inst, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Webster, Glenys M.; Lanphear, Bruce P.] Simon Fraser Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Yolton, Kimberly] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Div Biostat & Epidemiol, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. RP Braun, JM (reprint author), Brown Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Providence, RI 02912 USA. EM joseph_braun_1@brown.edu RI Braun, Joseph/H-8649-2014 FU NIEHS [R00 ES020346, PO1 ES11261, R01 ES014575, R01 ES020349] FX This work was supported by NIEHS grants R00 ES020346, PO1 ES11261, R01 ES014575, and R01 ES020349. NR 40 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 5 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1930-7381 EI 1930-739X J9 OBESITY JI Obesity PD JAN PY 2016 VL 24 IS 1 BP 231 EP 237 DI 10.1002/oby.21258 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA CZ6CW UT WOS:000367189800032 PM 26554535 ER PT J AU Salinas, J Sprinkhuizen, SM Ackerson, T Bernhardt, J Davie, C George, MG Gething, S Kelly, AG Lindsay, P Liu, LP Martins, SCO Morgan, L Norrving, B Ribbers, GM Silver, FL Smith, EE Williams, LS Schwamm, LH AF Salinas, Joel Sprinkhuizen, Sara M. Ackerson, Teri Bernhardt, Julie Davie, Charlie George, Mary G. Gething, Stephanie Kelly, Adam G. Lindsay, Patrice Liu, Liping Martins, Sheila C. O. Morgan, Louise Norrving, Bo Ribbers, Gerard M. Silver, Frank L. Smith, Eric E. Williams, Linda S. Schwamm, Lee H. TI International Standard Set of Patient-Centered Outcome Measures After Stroke SO STROKE LA English DT Article DE outcome; outcome and process assessment; patient-centered outcomes research; quality improvement; stroke; stroke care ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; HEALTH-CARE; REGIONAL BURDEN; GLOBAL BURDEN; DISEASE; INDEX AB Background and Purpose Value-based health care aims to bring together patients and health systems to maximize the ratio of quality over cost. To enable assessment of healthcare value in stroke management, an international standard set of patient-centered stroke outcome measures was defined for use in a variety of healthcare settings. Methods A modified Delphi process was implemented with an international expert panel representing patients, advocates, and clinical specialists in stroke outcomes, stroke registers, global health, epidemiology, and rehabilitation to reach consensus on the preferred outcome measures, included populations, and baseline risk adjustment variables. Results Patients presenting to a hospital with ischemic stroke or intracerebral hemorrhage were selected as the target population for these recommendations, with the inclusion of transient ischemic attacks optional. Outcome categories recommended for assessment were survival and disease control, acute complications, and patient-reported outcomes. Patient-reported outcomes proposed for assessment at 90 days were pain, mood, feeding, selfcare, mobility, communication, cognitive functioning, social participation, ability to return to usual activities, and health-related quality of life, with mobility, feeding, selfcare, and communication also collected at discharge. One instrument was able to collect most patient-reported subdomains (9/16, 56%). Minimum data collection for risk adjustment included patient demographics, premorbid functioning, stroke type and severity, vascular and systemic risk factors, and specific treatment/care-related factors. Conclusions A consensus stroke measure Standard Set was developed as a simple, pragmatic method to increase the value of stroke care. The set should be validated in practice when used for monitoring and comparisons across different care settings. C1 [Salinas, Joel; Sprinkhuizen, Sara M.] Int Consortium Hlth Outcomes Measurement, Cambridge, MA USA. [Salinas, Joel; Schwamm, Lee H.] Harvard Univ, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Boston, MA USA. [Ackerson, Teri] Liberty Hosp, Amer Heart Assoc, Amer Stroke Assoc, Liberty, MO USA. [Bernhardt, Julie] Florey Inst Neurosci & Mental Hlth, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Davie, Charlie] Royal Free London NHS Fdn Trust, UCLPartners Acad Hlth Sci Network, London, England. [George, Mary G.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gething, Stephanie] Aneurin Bevan Univ Hlth Board, Newport, Gwent, Wales. [Kelly, Adam G.] Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Lindsay, Patrice] World Stroke Org, Heart & Stroke Fdn Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Liu, Liping] Capital Med Univ, Beijing Tiantan Hosp, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Martins, Sheila C. O.] Hosp Moinhos de Vento, Brazilian Stroke Soc, Natl Stroke Registry, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Morgan, Louise] AHA, ASA, Dallas, TX USA. [Norrving, Bo] Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci Neurol, Lund, Sweden. [Norrving, Bo] Swedish Stroke Register Riksstroke, Umea, Sweden. [Ribbers, Gerard M.] Erasmus Univ MC, Rijndam Rehabil Ctr, Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Silver, Frank L.] Univ Toronto, Ontario Stroke Registry, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Smith, Eric E.] Univ Calgary, Hotchkiss Brain Inst, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Smith, Eric E.] Univ Calgary, Dept Clin Neurosci, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Williams, Linda S.] Indiana Univ, Sch Med, VA HSR&D Stroke QUERI, Indianapolis, IN USA. [Schwamm, Lee H.] AHA ASA Get Guidelines Stroke Registry, Dallas, TX USA. [Schwamm, Lee H.] Paul Coverdell Natl Acute Stroke Registry, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schwamm, Lee H.] Stroke Joint Commiss, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schwamm, Lee H.] Primary & Comprehens Stroke Ctr Certificat Progra, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Schwamm, LH (reprint author), Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Neurol, 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114 USA. EM lschwamm@mgh.harvard.edu OI Salinas, Joel/0000-0002-3735-0018 FU American Heart Association/American Stroke Association, USA FX This work was developed by the Schwamm Marriott Clinical Care Research Fellowship Program and the International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement, a nonprofit organization that received sponsorship from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association, USA, in an unrestricted grant to produce these recommendations. Neither International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement nor the funders of the Stroke Standard Set had any editorial control over the submitted publication. NR 29 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 6 U2 12 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0039-2499 EI 1524-4628 J9 STROKE JI Stroke PD JAN PY 2016 VL 47 IS 1 BP 180 EP 186 DI 10.1161/STROKEAHA.115.010898 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA CZ5IQ UT WOS:000367136500027 PM 26604251 ER PT J AU Grosse, SD Nelson, RE Nyarko, KA Richardson, LC Raskob, GE AF Grosse, Scott D. Nelson, Richard E. Nyarko, Kwame A. Richardson, Lisa C. Raskob, Gary E. TI The economic burden of incident venous thromboembolism in the United States: A review of estimated attributable healthcare costs SO THROMBOSIS RESEARCH LA English DT Review ID DEEP-VEIN THROMBOSIS; ACUTE PULMONARY-EMBOLISM; LONG-TERM COMPLICATIONS; TOTAL HIP-REPLACEMENT; POSTTHROMBOTIC SYNDROME; RISK-FACTORS; 1ST EPISODE; UNFRACTIONATED HEPARIN; ARTERIAL-HYPERTENSION; TREATMENT PATTERNS AB Venous thromboembolism (VTE), which includes deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, is an important cause of preventable mortality and morbidity. In this study, we summarize estimates of per-patient and aggregate medical costs or expenditures attributable to incident VTE in the United States. Per-patient estimates of incremental costs can be calculated as the difference in costs between patients with and without an event after controlling for differences in underlying health status. We identified estimates of the incremental per-patient costs of acute VTEs and VTE-related complications, including recurrent VTE, post-thrombotic syndrome, chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension, and anticoagulation-related adverse drug events. Based on the studies identified, treatment of an acute VTE on average appears to be associated with incremental direct medical costs of $12,000 to $15,000 (2014 US dollars) among first-year survivors, controlling for risk factors. Subsequent complications are conservatively estimated to increase cumulative costs to $18,000-23,000 per incident case. Annual incident VTE events conservatively cost the US healthcare system $7-10 billion each year for 375,000 to 425,000 newly diagnosed, medically treated incident VTE cases. Future studies should track long-term costs for cohorts of people with incident VTE, control for comorbid conditions that have been shown to be associated with VTE, and estimate incremental medical costs for people with VTE who do not survive. The costs associated with treating VTE can be used to assess the potential economic benefit and cost-savings from prevention efforts, although costs will vary among different patient groups. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Grosse, Scott D.; Nyarko, Kwame A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Nelson, Richard E.] Univ Utah, Dept Internal Med, Vet Affairs Salt Lake City Hlth Care Syst, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Richardson, Lisa C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Raskob, Gary E.] Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Coll Publ Hlth, Oklahoma City, OK USA. RP Grosse, SD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop E-64, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sgrosse@cdc.gov OI Grosse, Scott/0000-0003-1078-6855 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 84 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0049-3848 J9 THROMB RES JI Thromb. Res. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 137 BP 3 EP 10 DI 10.1016/j.thromres.2015.11.033 PG 8 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA CZ6WT UT WOS:000367242400002 PM 26654719 ER PT J AU Allerdice, MEJ Pritt, BS Sloan, LM Paddock, CD Karpathy, SE AF Allerdice, Michelle E. J. Pritt, Bobbi S. Sloan, Lynne M. Paddock, Christopher D. Karpathy, Sandor E. TI A real-time PCR assay for detection of the Ehrlichia muris-like agent, a newly recognized pathogen of humans in the upper Midwestern United States SO TICKS AND TICK-BORNE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Ehrlichia muris; Ehrlichia muris-like (EML) agent; Ehrlichiosis; Tick-borne disease ID CHAFFEENSIS; DIFFERENTIATION; RICKETTSIAE; ANAPLASMA; TICKS; DNA AB The Ehrlichia muris-like agent (EMLA) is an emerging, tick-transmitted human pathogen that occurs in the upper Midwestern United States. Here, we describe the development and validation of a p13-based quantitative real-time PCRTaqMan assay to detect EMLA in blood or tissues of ticks, humans, and rodents. The primer and probe specificities of the assay were ascertained using a large panel of various Ehrlichia species and other members of Rickettsiales. In addition to control DNA, both non-infected and EMLA-infected human blood, Mus musculus blood, and M. musculus tissue extracts were evaluated, as were non-infected and EMLA-infected Ixodes scapularis and uninfected Dermacentor variabilis DNA lysates. The specificity of the probe was determined via real-time PCR. An EMLAp13 control plasmid was constructed, and serial dilutions were used to determine the analytical sensitivity, which was found to be 1 copy per 4 mu l of template DNA. The sensitivity and specificity of this assay provides a powerful tool for ecological studies involving arthropod vectors and their mammalian hosts. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 [Allerdice, Michelle E. J.; Paddock, Christopher D.; Karpathy, Sandor E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Pritt, Bobbi S.; Sloan, Lynne M.] Mayo Clin, Div Clin Microbiol, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. RP Allerdice, MEJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM wro8@cdc.gov FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education; U.S. Department of Energy; CDC FX The research reported here was supported in part by an appointment of M. Allerdice to the Research Participation Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and CDC. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1877-959X EI 1877-9603 J9 TICKS TICK-BORNE DIS JI Ticks Tick-Borne Dis. PY 2016 VL 7 IS 1 BP 146 EP 149 DI 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2015.10.004 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Parasitology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Parasitology GA CZ2RX UT WOS:000366953400022 PM 26507653 ER EF